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How To Endure a Root Canal
A root canal can be a nerve-wracking experience, but you can endure it by occupying your mind through meditation. As you sit in the dentist’s chair, picture yourself in a peaceful setting, a quiet and motionless place like a deserted beach or a mountaintop. Use your imagination to fill in all the sights, smells, and sounds in your imagined space and soon enough the peaceful image you create will replace the world around you. If you have trouble meditating, try listening to music or an audiobook to take your mind off of the procedure. You’ll have a few hours so it might be the perfect time to learn about a subject you never got around to or to catch up on a podcast you haven’t listened to in a while.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415070257/https://psychcentral.com/lib/relaxation-and-meditation-techniques", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508050830/https://www.zoedental.com/10-ways-relax-asheville-dentists-chair/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421051426/https://askthedentist.com/root-canals-know-before-you-go/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501022454/https://www.deardoctor.com/articles/root-canal-treatment-step-by-step/page2.php" ]
train
2,057
[ { "original_url": "https://psychcentral.com/lib/relaxation-and-meditation-techniques", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415070257/https://psychcentral.com/lib/relaxation-and-meditation-techniques", "parsed_text": { "title": "Relaxation and Meditation Techniques", "passages": [ "A variety of stress management techniques are available that involve learning how to control your body’s responses to stress or anxiety. These techniques involve learning to consciously relax your body through a variety of techniques, such as meditation or guided imagery. As with any new skill you are trying to learn, daily practice is important to acquiring mastery of these techniques.", "The beauty of practicing meditation is that it allows you to “let go” of every day worries and literally “live in the moment.” People who meditate regularly report improvements physically, mentally, and spiritually. To begin a meditation practice, you will need to find a quiet spot, away from the phone, television, friends, family, and other distractions. There are several different ways to meditate. Meditation practices often involve learning chanting, breathing, or mantra techniques. Initially, your mind may wander when you first start meditating. by training your mind to focus on the moment, you will eventually find yourself transformed and feel very peaceful and content. Most experts recommend mediating for about 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Beginners may find it difficult to meditate for this length at first, but don’t despair. It will become easier once you are meditating regularly.", "This method involves attaching surface electromyography electrodes (SEMG) to your skin. The SEMG measures your blood pressure, muscle tension level, breathing, and heart rate. A biofeedback therapist will meet with you and show you the ways in which your body reacts on a computer screen. The therapist will then teach you new skills for decreasing the level of stress you are experiencing. The results are shown on the screen.", "Biofeedback is taught by a psychologist or specialized therapist who has been trained in biofeedback techniques. Most insurance plans cover biofeedback treatment for recognized anxiety problems. Avoid any consumer-level biofeedback devices that claim to give you the same information as a professional device. The device itself isn’t as important as what the professionals helps you learn through repeated training sessions.", "Yoga combines meditation and physical exercise to achieve improved health and sense of well-being. Yoga has been practiced in India for over 5,000 years. Yoga involves repeating movements that can help improve strength and flexibility as well as promote mental and physical health and greater self- understanding. The movements are very graceful and have spiritual significance. Paying careful attention to breathing is also part of practicing yoga.", "Yoga is best learned in a local class that teaches yoga techniques. After you learn yoga, you can do it in the privacy and comfort of your own home.", "Guided Imagery is a wonderful stress reduction tool which uses “visualization” and “mental imagery” techniques to improve health. It has been used effectively for cancer patients who literally imagine themselves without the cancerous cells. Other creative visualization techniques include transporting the individual to a quiet place in their mind (perhaps a favorite lake, river, or forest). You can either create your own special place or listen to a guided imagery tape or CD. According to the Guided Imagery Resource Center, guided imagery can “reduce blood pressure, lower cholesterol and glucose levels in the blood and heighten short-term immune cell activity.”", "Deep breathing exercises are also known as diaphragmatic breathing. In these exercises, you are learning not to engage in the typical shallow breathing, but breathing through your diaphragm — a technique learned and practiced by singers and actors for centuries to produce uninterrupted song or dialogue.", "The most important thing to keep in mind about relaxation exercises such as these is that they must be practiced regularly, as a part of your daily routine. Some people quit their relaxation techniques or meditation claiming it “doesn’t do anything for me” or “I can’t clear my mind.” Through practice over and over again, most people can overcome such objections.", "What is your emotional type? Take our quiz and find out how you might likely react to different situations and how to best navigate your current one.", "Major depressive disorder, or clinical depression, is a mood disorder with a variety of symptoms. It can be treated and recovery is possible.", "Inside Mental Health Podcast: Most people think they have good boundaries. But when pressed, they can’t often explain what their boundaries are — let...", "Inside Mental Health Podcast: When Hope Edelman was 17, her mother died. Like many families in the 1980s, Hope’s family soldiered on by grieving her...", "Inside Mental Health Podcast: Finding out that someone you know is self- harming can be confusing and unsettling. In today’s episode we learn more...", "Inside Mental Health Podcast: Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States and over three times more people will die by suicide...", "Inside Mental Health Podcast: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common, yet often misunderstood psychiatric disorder. In this episode, Dr...", "Inside Mental Health Podcast: The stigma associated with borderline personality disorder (BPD) is well documented among the general public and within...", "© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.", "© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information." ] }, "parsed_md": "Relaxation and Meditation Techniques\n\n# Relaxation and Meditation Techniques\n\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by David Rakal on\nMay 17, 2016\n\nA variety of stress management techniques are available that involve learning\nhow to control your body’s responses to stress or anxiety. These techniques\ninvolve learning to consciously relax your body through a variety of\ntechniques, such as meditation or guided imagery. As with any new skill you\nare trying to learn, daily practice is important to acquiring mastery of these\ntechniques.\n\n### Meditation\n\nThe beauty of practicing meditation is that it allows you to “let go” of every\nday worries and literally “live in the moment.” People who meditate regularly\nreport improvements physically, mentally, and spiritually. To begin a\nmeditation practice, you will need to find a quiet spot, away from the phone,\ntelevision, friends, family, and other distractions. There are several\ndifferent ways to meditate. Meditation practices often involve learning\nchanting, breathing, or mantra techniques. Initially, your mind may wander\nwhen you first start meditating. by training your mind to focus on the moment,\nyou will eventually find yourself transformed and feel very peaceful and\ncontent. Most experts recommend mediating for about 20 to 30 minutes at a\ntime. Beginners may find it difficult to meditate for this length at first,\nbut don’t despair. It will become easier once you are meditating regularly.\n\n### Biofeedback\n\nThis method involves attaching surface electromyography electrodes (SEMG) to\nyour skin. The SEMG measures your blood pressure, muscle tension level,\nbreathing, and heart rate. A biofeedback therapist will meet with you and show\nyou the ways in which your body reacts on a computer screen. The therapist\nwill then teach you new skills for decreasing the level of stress you are\nexperiencing. The results are shown on the screen.\n\nBiofeedback is taught by a psychologist or specialized therapist who has been\ntrained in biofeedback techniques. Most insurance plans cover biofeedback\ntreatment for recognized anxiety problems. Avoid any consumer-level\nbiofeedback devices that claim to give you the same information as a\nprofessional device. The device itself isn’t as important as what the\nprofessionals helps you learn through repeated training sessions.\n\n### Yoga\n\nYoga combines meditation and physical exercise to achieve improved health and\nsense of well-being. Yoga has been practiced in India for over 5,000 years.\nYoga involves repeating movements that can help improve strength and\nflexibility as well as promote mental and physical health and greater self-\nunderstanding. The movements are very graceful and have spiritual\nsignificance. Paying careful attention to breathing is also part of practicing\nyoga.\n\nYoga is best learned in a local class that teaches yoga techniques. After you\nlearn yoga, you can do it in the privacy and comfort of your own home.\n\n### Guided Imagery\n\nGuided Imagery is a wonderful stress reduction tool which uses “visualization”\nand “mental imagery” techniques to improve health. It has been used\neffectively for cancer patients who literally imagine themselves without the\ncancerous cells. Other creative visualization techniques include transporting\nthe individual to a quiet place in their mind (perhaps a favorite lake, river,\nor forest). You can either create your own special place or listen to a guided\nimagery tape or CD. According to the Guided Imagery Resource Center, guided\nimagery can “reduce blood pressure, lower cholesterol and glucose levels in\nthe blood and heighten short-term immune cell activity.”\n\nYou can learn some basic guided imagery techniques here.\n\n### Deep Breathing\n\nDeep breathing exercises are also known as diaphragmatic breathing. In these\nexercises, you are learning not to engage in the typical shallow breathing,\nbut breathing through your diaphragm — a technique learned and practiced by\nsingers and actors for centuries to produce uninterrupted song or dialogue.\n\nYou can learn more about deep breathing exercises here.\n\n* * *\n\nThe most important thing to keep in mind about relaxation exercises such as\nthese is that they must be practiced regularly, as a part of your daily\nroutine. Some people quit their relaxation techniques or meditation claiming\nit “doesn’t do anything for me” or “I can’t clear my mind.” Through practice\nover and over again, most people can overcome such objections.\n\nLast medically reviewed on May 17, 2016\n\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by David Rakal on\nMay 17, 2016\n\n## RELATED\n\n * 10 FAQs About Bipolar Disorder\n\n * Resources for Coping with the Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\n * What Is Your Emotional Type Quiz\n\n * What is Major Depressive Disorder?\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: What Are Boundaries and Why Do They Matter?\n\n### Read this next\n\n * 10 FAQs About Bipolar Disorder\n\nMedically reviewed by Timothy J. Legg, PhD, PsyD, CRNP, ACRN, CPH\n\nOur experts answer candid questions about bipolar disorder (formerly manic\ndepression) to enlighten, encourage, and dispel any myths.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Resources for Coping with the Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nLooking for more resources, articles, and ideas to help you cope with the\nanxiety, fear and stress of dealing\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What Is Your Emotional Type Quiz\n\nMedically reviewed by Vara Saripalli, PsyD\n\nWhat is your emotional type? Take our quiz and find out how you might likely\nreact to different situations and how to best navigate your current one.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What is Major Depressive Disorder?\n\nMedically reviewed by Jeffrey Ditzell, DO\n\nMajor depressive disorder, or clinical depression, is a mood disorder with a\nvariety of symptoms. It can be treated and recovery is possible.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: What Are Boundaries and Why Do They Matter?\n\nInside Mental Health Podcast: Most people think they have good boundaries. But\nwhen pressed, they can’t often explain what their boundaries are — let...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Is Grieving a Lifelong Process?\n\nInside Mental Health Podcast: When Hope Edelman was 17, her mother died. Like\nmany families in the 1980s, Hope’s family soldiered on by grieving her...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Understanding Self-Injury\n\nInside Mental Health Podcast: Finding out that someone you know is self-\nharming can be confusing and unsettling. In today’s episode we learn more...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Recognizing Suicidal Behavior\n\nInside Mental Health Podcast: Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in\nthe United States and over three times more people will die by suicide...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Inside Borderline Personality Disorder\n\nInside Mental Health Podcast: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a\ncommon, yet often misunderstood psychiatric disorder. In this episode, Dr...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Stigma of Borderline Personality Disorder\n\nInside Mental Health Podcast: The stigma associated with borderline\npersonality disorder (BPD) is well documented among the general public and\nwithin...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * About Us\n * Newsletters\n * Find a therapist\n * Contact Us\n * Advertising Policy\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n * Privacy Settings\n * © 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\n\n© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our\nwebsite services, content, and products are for informational purposes only.\nPsych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nadditional information.\n\nAboutCareersAdvertise with us\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\nHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych Central\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.zoedental.com/10-ways-relax-asheville-dentists-chair/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508050830/https://www.zoedental.com/10-ways-relax-asheville-dentists-chair/", "parsed_text": { "title": "10 Ways to Relax in Your Asheville Dentist’s Chair", "passages": [ "For many, the anticipation of the dental drill — just the sound of it — is enough to clench your eyes shut and squirm. But the pain you believe you’ll endure when visiting an Asheville dentist is often far worse than the actual experience. Painful past experiences in the dentist’s chair may have you expecting the worst.", "In truth, you have significant control over how your experience will go, whether you need a filling or some other major dental work. Your Asheville dentist relies on the most effective pain-numbing measures to ensure your comfort. And you can take steps to alleviate your anxiety by relaxing in the dentist’s chair.", "With a little effort, you can take control of your next dental visit, subduing the fears you bring to the chair. Here are our tips for making your experience more agreeable. Empower yourself and your next visit will pass with ease.", "Talk to your Asheville dentist about your fears. Our team at Zöe Dental is sensitive to your feelings. We’ll explain the procedure to give you a good idea of what to expect. Knowing you’re nervous about a procedure can help us set the tone for the experience — going a little slower, checking on you more often and using additional numbing medications.", "Bring headphones, an MP3 player or iPod with your favorite music. Listening to music can both distract you and soothe your nerves when you’re at your Asheville dentist. Healers have relied on music for hundreds of years to reduce stress and relieve anxiety. Choose tunes that have proven to relax you in the past and put you in a soothing frame of mind.", "Listen to comedy riffs or funny shows on your electronics. Listen to a stand-up routine or comedy show on your portable device while you’re in the waiting room of your Asheville dentist. Plug into a light-hearted, funny audible e-book through your headphones while you’re in the chair. Talk about distractions; it’s hard to maintain the worry lines when the belly laughs want to break out.", "Practice deep-breathing exercises. When preparing for your appointment, take deep breaths — in through your nose and out through your mouth. The practice calms you down by slowing your heart rate and reducing your blood pressure. You can minimize physical signs of stress when breathing deeply. Stay focused on your breath throughout your visit.", "Keep your eyes open. While it may seem counterintuitive, dentists like Dr. Stamatiades are trained to work so you won’t see his instruments. Study the pictures on the wall or watch a show if your dental office provides a screen. The visual distractions will help keep your mind off your mouth.", "Invite a friend or family member to come with you. Sometimes just having a friendly face in the waiting room with you can help ease your anxiety. Once you’re in the chair, ask our dental assistant to hold your hand if you start feeling nervous. Knowing that others are watching out for your welfare takes the edge off your experience.", "Visualize yourself in a relaxing environment. Use the time to practice your imagination skills. Go to your “happy place” while you lie back in the chair. Imagine warm breezes at the beach or the cool mist coming off a waterfall. Picture yourself totally relaxed in one of your favorite vacation spots.", "Eat and drink for comfort. This is the time for comfort food. Drink a tall glass of milk before going into the dentist. Warm it up for even better results. It’s full of tryptophan. Eat a high protein meal with carbs that usually put you in a stupor. Avoid caffeine, chocolate, tea and sugar — they tend to exacerbate anxiety and leave you jittery.", "Talk to a therapist. If your anxiety is so debilitating that you postpone or completely ignore the dentist, get some help. Your dental problems won’t go away on their own. To overcome your fears, talk therapy can help you uncover the real reasons behind your anxiety so you can begin the healing process and take back control of your emotions.", "Take the drugs. If you are prone to bouts of anxiety about dentists or have an extremely sensitive mouth, ask your dentist for nitrous oxide or request a sedative prior to the procedure. You’ll need to get someone to drive you home, but at least you’ll get through the experience — and with a healthier mouth.", "Your Asheville dentist is willing to work with you and help you find a solution to your anxiety. Just ask us.", "Send us your completed form and we’ll get back to you quickly. We will do our best to accommodate the specific day you request. (all fields required)", "Sometimes it’s simpler to pick up the phone and schedule a consultation without the back and forth of email. We would love to talk with you!" ] }, "parsed_md": "10 Ways to Relax in Your Asheville Dentist’s Chair | Zoe Dental Asheville NC\n\nCOVID-19 Response\n\nMon-Fri 8A-5P\n\n828.348.1275\n\nDIRECTIONS SCHEDULE A CONSULTATION\n\n * Crowns\n * Periodontal Health\n * Implants\n\n * ABOUT\n\n * About Us\n * Team Members\n * Philanthropy\n * Virtual Tour\n * Join Our Team\n * Donation Request\n * :\n * CAREERS\n * :\n * SERVICES\n\n * Services\n * Periodontal Health\n * Restorations\n * Whitening\n * Implants\n * Oral Surgery\n * Crowns\n * Sleep Apnea\n * Traditional and Prepless Veneers\n * Dental Health Visits\n * Dentures\n * Invisalign\n * Root Canals\n * :\n * PATIENT INFO\n\n * Patient Info\n * Anxiety Reduction\n * Appointment Request\n * FAQs\n * Payment Options\n * Patient Forms\n * The Comfort Menu\n * :\n * REVIEWS\n\n * Reviews\n * Patient Results\n * Video Testimonials\n * Leave A Review\n * :\n * BLOG\n * :\n * CONTACT\n\n * Contact\n * Contact Information\n * Donation Request\n\n * COVID-19 RESPONSE\n * Mon-Fri 8A-5P\n * CLICK TO CALL: 828.348.1275\n * DIRECTIONS\n * SCHEDULE A CONSULTATION\n * HOME\n * ABOUT\n\n * About Us\n * Team Members\n\n * Perry Stamatiades\n * Sapna Hayes\n * Kelly Van Wagenen\n * Kelli Martin\n * Philanthropy\n * Virtual Tour\n * Join Our Team\n * Donation Request\n * CAREERS\n * SERVICES\n\n * Services\n * Periodontal Health\n * Restorations\n * Whitening\n * Implants\n * Oral Surgery\n * Crowns\n * Sleep Apnea\n * Traditional and Prepless Veneers\n * Dental Health Visits\n * Dentures\n * Invisalign\n * Root Canals\n * PATIENT INFO\n\n * Patient Info\n * Anxiety Reduction\n * Appointment Request\n * FAQs\n * Payment Options\n * Patient Forms\n * The Comfort Menu\n * REVIEWS\n\n * Reviews\n * Patient Results\n * Video Testimonials\n * Leave A Review\n * BLOG\n * CONTACT\n\n * Contact\n * Contact Information\n * Donation Request\n\n * :: All Posts\n * :: Uncategorized\n * :: Asheville Dental\n * :: Teeth Whitening\n * :: Teeth Repair/Replacement\n * :: Oral Concerns\n\nCATEGORIES\n\n * All Posts\n * Uncategorized\n * Asheville Dental\n * Teeth Whitening\n * Teeth Repair/Replacement\n * Oral Concerns\n\n# 10 Ways to Relax in Your Asheville Dentist’s Chair\n\nOn July 2, 2015 / By Zöe Dental\n\n * ::\n * Asheville Dental\n\nFor many, the anticipation of the dental drill — just the sound of it — is\nenough to clench your eyes shut and squirm. But the pain you believe you’ll\nendure when visiting an Asheville dentist is often far worse than the actual\nexperience. Painful past experiences in the dentist’s chair may have you\nexpecting the worst.\n\nIn truth, you have significant control over how your experience will go,\nwhether you need a filling or some other major dental work. Your Asheville\ndentist relies on the most effective pain-numbing measures to ensure your\ncomfort. And you can take steps to alleviate your anxiety by relaxing in the\ndentist’s chair.\n\nTake Back Your Power\n\nWith a little effort, you can take control of your next dental visit, subduing\nthe fears you bring to the chair. Here are our tips for making your experience\nmore agreeable. Empower yourself and your next visit will pass with ease.\n\n 1. Talk to your Asheville dentist about your fears. Our team at Zöe Dental is sensitive to your feelings. We’ll explain the procedure to give you a good idea of what to expect. Knowing you’re nervous about a procedure can help us set the tone for the experience — going a little slower, checking on you more often and using additional numbing medications.\n\n 2. Bring headphones, an MP3 player or iPod with your favorite music. Listening to music can both distract you and soothe your nerves when you’re at your Asheville dentist. Healers have relied on music for hundreds of years to reduce stress and relieve anxiety. Choose tunes that have proven to relax you in the past and put you in a soothing frame of mind.\n\n 3. Listen to comedy riffs or funny shows on your electronics. Listen to a stand-up routine or comedy show on your portable device while you’re in the waiting room of your Asheville dentist. Plug into a light-hearted, funny audible e-book through your headphones while you’re in the chair. Talk about distractions; it’s hard to maintain the worry lines when the belly laughs want to break out.\n\n 4. Practice deep-breathing exercises. When preparing for your appointment, take deep breaths — in through your nose and out through your mouth. The practice calms you down by slowing your heart rate and reducing your blood pressure. You can minimize physical signs of stress when breathing deeply. Stay focused on your breath throughout your visit.\n\n 5. Keep your eyes open. While it may seem counterintuitive, dentists like Dr. Stamatiades are trained to work so you won’t see his instruments. Study the pictures on the wall or watch a show if your dental office provides a screen. The visual distractions will help keep your mind off your mouth.\n\n 6. Invite a friend or family member to come with you. Sometimes just having a friendly face in the waiting room with you can help ease your anxiety. Once you’re in the chair, ask our dental assistant to hold your hand if you start feeling nervous. Knowing that others are watching out for your welfare takes the edge off your experience.\n\n 7. Visualize yourself in a relaxing environment. Use the time to practice your imagination skills. Go to your “happy place” while you lie back in the chair. Imagine warm breezes at the beach or the cool mist coming off a waterfall. Picture yourself totally relaxed in one of your favorite vacation spots.\n\n 8. Eat and drink for comfort. This is the time for comfort food. Drink a tall glass of milk before going into the dentist. Warm it up for even better results. It’s full of tryptophan. Eat a high protein meal with carbs that usually put you in a stupor. Avoid caffeine, chocolate, tea and sugar — they tend to exacerbate anxiety and leave you jittery.\n\n 9. Talk to a therapist. If your anxiety is so debilitating that you postpone or completely ignore the dentist, get some help. Your dental problems won’t go away on their own. To overcome your fears, talk therapy can help you uncover the real reasons behind your anxiety so you can begin the healing process and take back control of your emotions.\n\n 10. Take the drugs. If you are prone to bouts of anxiety about dentists or have an extremely sensitive mouth, ask your dentist for nitrous oxide or request a sedative prior to the procedure. You’ll need to get someone to drive you home, but at least you’ll get through the experience — and with a healthier mouth.\n\nYour Asheville dentist is willing to work with you and help you find a\nsolution to your anxiety. Just ask us.\n\n—The Zöe Dental Team\n\n« Next Post\n\nPrevious Post »\n\n## Zöe Dental\n\n10-A Yorkshire Street, Suite 110 Asheville, NC 28803 828.348.1275\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n## Follow us. Share us.\n\nWebsite Design & Development by The Web Shepherds\n\nclose x\n\nSchedule a Consultation\n\n## Complete this short form\n\nSend us your completed form and we’ll get back to you quickly. We will do our\nbest to accommodate the specific day you request. (all fields required)\n\n## ... or call now.\n\nSometimes it’s simpler to pick up the phone and schedule a consultation\nwithout the back and forth of email. We would love to talk with you!\n\n# 828-348-1275\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://askthedentist.com/root-canals-know-before-you-go/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421051426/https://askthedentist.com/root-canals-know-before-you-go/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Root Canal: What to Expect, Benefits, Risks, and Costs", "passages": [ "Hi, I’m Dr. B, practicing functional dentist for 35 years. I graduated from the Dugoni School of Dentistry in San Francisco, CA in 1987 and am a member of the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine (AADSM), Academy of General Dentistry (Chicago, IL), American Academy for Oral Systemic Health (AAOSH), and Dental Board of California. I'm on a mission to empower people everywhere with the same evidence-based, easy-to-understand dental health advice that my patients get. Learn more about Dr. B", "A tooth will be opened to expose its inner root canals, cleared of infected and/or dead tooth pulp, disinfected, filled, and sealed. Most root-canaled teeth will require a crown.", "A root canal is a common dental treatment for a tooth with inflamed or infected pulp, usually due to a deep cavity or trauma to the tooth.", "Few dental treatments inspire fear like the root canal. But unlike what you might see in the movies, root canal treatment is associated with very little pain.", "On the other hand, root canals do carry some risks. They are often prescribed when another treatment is more appropriate or should be preferred. Biological dentists, in particular, generally avoid this procedure and recommend alternatives.", "Below, we discuss exactly what a root canal is, how to know if it’s right for you, what to expect, and other common questions.", "Root canal therapy is a type of dental procedure used to preserve a tooth after the pulp of the tooth has become inflamed or infected. This is typically caused by a deep cavity or physical trauma to the face or teeth.", "During a root canal, a dentist or endodontist will clean out the infected tissue from your pulp chamber, then disinfect, fill, and seal the tooth. In most cases, a crown will be placed on top of the tooth structure to prevent cracking or chipping.", "A root canal procedure allows your dentist to preserve (not save) an infected tooth by removing infected tissue and sealing it.", "Pulpitis, or inflammation of the tooth pulp, can be reversible or irreversible. Once the nerve tissue has died as the pulp’s infection has spread, irreversible pulpitis results.", "By the time you need a root canal, it’s too late to save the life of the tooth because it’s already infected and dying.", "Preserving tooth structure benefits your oral health because it won’t affect orthodontic growth or your bite. If your dentist extracts a diseased tooth without filling its space with an implant, your teeth may shift and cause orthodontic problems.", "The most common risk of root canal treatment is tooth fracture. The inside of the tooth has been scraped out, leaving the outer shell of the tooth dry, brittle, and prone to breakage.", "That’s why a root canal procedure almost always requires a second procedure shortly afterward: a dental crown. A root canaled tooth needs the protection of a crown because you’ve carved out the tissue inside it.", "A dental crown is a rigid covering, formed to look like a natural tooth, that is stronger than enamel. It preserves the structural integrity of the tooth and reduces the risk that it will break as it weakens over time.", "What causes the need for root canal treatment? Irreversible pulpitis (infection and inflammation of dental pulp) is what caused the need for a root canal or similar treatment option. This is usually caused by a deep cavity or injury/trauma to the tooth.", "Tooth pain: Pulpitis will cause pain that may be persistent or come and go. It may be worse when you eat or bite down. Lingering pain, or pain caused by hot or cold stimuli that remains for several minutes or hours, is a telltale sign of irreversible pulpitis and the need for a root canal. Positional pain that occurs when you stand up, lay down, or run in place, may indicate a tooth abscess and a root canal. Spontaneous pain that happens without warning may also indicate an inflamed pulp. It’s possible for pulpitis to cause referred tooth pain that manifests in other teeth or your ear, face, or jaw.", "Bump on the gum (fistula): A fistula is a small white, yellow, or red pimple-like bump that appears on the gum. This tells your dentist that there is an infection because pus, blood, and infectious materials are trying to get out and the body is trying to “vent” them. The problem is that a fistula can mislead a dentist as to which tooth needs a root canal — it doesn’t always appear next to the infected tooth.", "Swollen gums: As an infected tooth tries to “vent” the toxic results of infection, it may also cause gums to swell, redden, and become tender.", "Color change of the tooth or gums: A dead or dying tooth may turn grayish over time as its blood supply diminishes. This is more likely to be noticeable on a front tooth than a back one. The infection can also darken the gums around the tooth.", "Loosening tooth: As infection spreads, it may soften or degrade the bone in which the tooth sits. This can cause your tooth to become more mobile, wiggling upon contact.", "Cracked tooth: If your tooth has a crack that extends down into the tooth root, it is usually impossible to save the tooth and it must be treated with a root canal or an alternative treatment option.", "Deep cavity: A cavity can cause many of the signs above, such as pain. Your dentist may use x-rays or a cone-beam CT (CBCT) to diagnose the extent of your tooth decay.", "Tooth abscess: Also known as a periapical abscess, this pus-filled infectious area beneath the tooth root occurs as a result of irreversible pulpitis, often due to an untreated cavity. This is not the same thing as a periodontal (gum) abscess, which may not suggest the need for a root canal.", "Dark blood from the pulp: When your dentist opens your toot for a root canal, he or she may be able to identify irreversible pulpitis from visibly darker blood than usual.", "Red-yellow pus: Not all inflamed teeth bleed. Often, a sure sign of irreversible pulpitis upon opening the tooth is oozing, reddish-yellow pus.", "Diagnosing a root canal is a complex process that differs between dentists. There is no cut-and-dry way to diagnose a root canal. This process is part science, part art form, to discover the degree of infection within a tooth.", "If your dentist identifies irreversible pulpitis, you will need a root canal regardless of whether or not pain is present.", "Your tooth nerve may die, temporarily relieving pain. Your dentist may put you on antibiotics that shrink the infection, which would also cause pain to subside.", "In my practice, I’ve met many patients who were prescribed root canal therapy because a practitioner was in a hurry or looking for the “simplest” option, rather than the best option.", "For instance, a dentist may suggest a root canal for a large cavity even if the pulp is not irreversibly inflamed and a filling would suffice.", "Dental insurance covers it, the general dentist doesn’t have to place a filling that requires more-than-average finesse, and — I hate to say it, but it’s true — the price tag is higher.", "I highly recommend asking your dentist the following questions before you say yes to a root canal to prevent unnecessary dental work:", "Should I have this done by a specialist or can you do as good of a job as a specialist can?", "In general, many root canal symptoms can often be attributed to causes other than irreversible pulpitis. Until your dentist or endodontist is fairly certain that irreversible pulpitis is to blame, root canal treatment should not be prescribed.", "A root canal procedure can be done in 1 or 2 visits. For retreatments (in which a tooth has already received endodontic treatment), 3 visits may be requested. Each visit should take 90 minutes or less.", "How long does a root canal take? A root canal procedure takes 30-90 minutes per visit. For simple cases of teeth with one root, each visit will probably 60 minutes or less. Complex cases take closer to 90 minutes per visit.", "Why do root canals take 2 visits? Depending on the provider’s preference, root canal treatment may be done in 2 or more visits for more thorough cleaning. The number of visits for root canal therapy has no significant impact on pain levels or treatment success rates.", "Should your root canal be done by your dentist or a specialist? Specialists in root canal therapy are called endodontists. An endodontist should perform your root canal procedure if you have complex canals or if your general dentist refers out root canal cases. However, all dentists are trained to perform root canals during dental school.", "Before your root canal procedure, your dentist will probably take x-rays or a cone-beam CT (CBCT) and perform a physical exam to identify irreversible pulpitis.", "X-rays and exam: The dentist or endodontist will take a new set of x-rays and perform another physical exam. Many x-rays will be taken to make sure that the instruments are in the correct location to remove the infected tissue.", "Numbing: You will receive full local anesthesia to numb the tooth and surrounding area. This local anesthetic is more than what’s required for a filling because your dentist must remove the nerve. Your dentist will typically not put you under sedation (to sleep) for a root canal, but you can request sedation if you’re anxious.", "Rubber dam: A sheet of latex, called a rubber dam, will be placed over your mouth. This prevents bacteria from the rest of your mouth from entering the tooth. The dental dam also stops medications inside the tooth from being swallowed.", "Cleaning and shaping: Using very refined drills and files, your dentist will remove the inflamed or infected pulp, carefully cleaning out and shaping the inside of the tooth.", "Irrigation: The main pulp chambers will be irrigated with water and, in most cases, an antibacterial agent to eliminate any remaining bacteria. These chambers must be fully dry before moving on to the next step.", "Filling: Next, the dentist will fill and seal the tooth so it’s closed off to infection. The tooth is filled with gutta-percha, a biocompatible filling material, combined with rubber cement. A temporary filling will be placed until you get a permanent crown.", "In some cases, posts will be inserted inside the tooth during the filling process. I do not recommend posts to patients, as they have a tendency to crack the teeth.", "Do root canals hurt? Root canals do not hurt at all during the procedure. If the dentist is skilled at delivering the local anesthesia, you won’t feel a thing. There may be minor pain and soreness as you recover.", "If your dentist gets inside the tooth and is presented with new information that changes the chances of success of a root canal, he will stop to tell you. This gives you the choice to abort the procedure before proceeding with a root canal with lower chances of success than you both originally thought.", "Calcified root canal: If the root canal is calcified, your dentist won’t be able to negotiate it well. In these cases, endodontic surgery like an apicoectomy may be required.", "Fracture: Once the tooth is opened, your dentist might see a fracture not visible on the x-ray. Seepage can occur at the fracture line, which can lead to bone loss. If you lose bone around the tooth, you lose the support of the tooth. In these cases, an extraction with a dental implant will offer a much better prognosis.", "Curved root: Also called “complex canal morphology,” this kind of tooth root is hard to navigate. Complex root canal anatomy — lots of hard-to-navigate twists and turns — reduce the potential success rate.", "After your root canal treatment is complete, you’ll need to go back to your dentist for a crown or a filling. Crowns or fillings should be placed within 1-4 weeks after a root canal.", "Do you need a crown after a root canal? If you have a root canal done on a molar or pre-molar (your back chewing teeth), you need a crown after root canal treatment. Most incisors and canines (front teeth) do not require a crown.", "Some people wait to get a crown so that they don’t max out their insurance, but this can be a dangerous risk. If the tooth fractures before a crown is placed, you lose the investment of the root canal entirely.", "Better success rate: Your root canal treatment is more likely to last without repeated treatment if a crown is placed on a molar or premolar. Root canal without crown is 6 times more likely to fail, according to one study over an 11-year period. Another study found that a root canaled tooth without a crown has a 63% chance of failure within 5 years.", "Reduced chance of fracture: Without a dental crown, your tooth may become more susceptible to fracture over time. This is because the “mummified” tooth will become brittle as it no longer receives blood flow.", "Natural-looking tooth: You can get a crown to match the color of your remaining teeth to hide discoloration and appear just like a natural tooth.", "Lower risk of infection: A crown covers the inside of the treated tooth to prevent most bacteria from getting in, which could otherwise cause a new infection and require retreatment.", "If your dentist doesn’t have the equipment to make a same-day crown, a temporary crown will be placed and you’ll wait several days while the crown is being manufactured.", "The crown is placed on your tooth and secured by mechanical retention. Dental cement is used to prevent saliva or any other substance from getting under the crown.", "Antibiotics have been part of the standard of care for root canals for many decades. However, more recent research shows they are frequently unneeded and may contribute to antibiotic resistance.", "Dentists frequently prescribe antibiotics before and after endodontic treatment for reduced chance of systemic infection, reduced pain, increased success rates, and a variety of other reasons.", "A 2016 review by the American Dental Association (ADA) found that the only legitimate reasons for antibiotics before or after a root canal were a present systemic infection, fever, or both.", "Once your dentist has diagnosed irreversible pulpitis, you need to get a root canal (or alternative treatment) right away. Your provider may prescribe antibiotics before treatment, in which case you may need to wait to finish your round of antibiotics.", "When you find out you need a root canal for irreversible pulpitis, it’s like a ticking time bomb because the infection will eventually get out of control.", "Pressure, swelling, and pain are likely to get worse. You might develop a bad taste in your mouth or experience numbness. The infection could spread to more vulnerable tissues, like your heart.", "In the 1600s, tooth infections made the list of the top 6 causes of death in England. As recently as 1908, tooth infections had a mortality rate of up to 40%. That’s worse than smallpox!", "Avoid chewing hard, crunchy, very hot, or very spicy foods/drinks or any foods with a sharp edge (like sourdough bread) for 1-2 days", "Can you drive after a root canal? You should be able to drive immediately after a root canal procedure unless sedation was used. Root canals usually involve local anesthetic, but sedation may be requested for patients who are anxious about the procedure.", "You should have a follow-up exam 6 months after your root canal. After that first follow-up, your dentist should closely examine (and, preferably, do a CBCT on) your treated tooth every 3-5 years to check for a failed root canal and reinfection.", "It’s common to have a little soreness after your procedure, but extreme pain after a root canal is abnormal. One study estimates that long-term pain happens after only 12% of root canal treatments.", "If you do have pain, it usually peaks 17-24 hours after the procedure. To avoid this, keep your head elevated with a wedge pillow while sleeping for the first 1-2 nights.", "Soreness from keeping your mouth open for a long period of time should go away after 1-2 days. However, if you have persistent TMJ pain, this soreness and stiffness may remain for 6-8 weeks, particularly if a dental dam was used.", "You may have pain in the gum or other soft tissue around the root-canaled tooth from inflammation or damage during your root canal treatment. This should clear up within a week or two.", "You can use over-the-counter pain medications like ibuprofen (Motrin) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) to relieve any pain for the day or two after a procedure.", "Persistent pain (3 months or more) after root canal usually happens when you bite down or palpate the treated tooth. It’s frequently associated with:", "If you experience severe or sudden pain in the tooth weeks, months, or years after your root canal, it may be a sign of root canal failure. Contact your dentist immediately.", "Before dental insurance, a root canal procedure in the United States costs anywhere from $500-$2,250. A crown after root canal ranges from $600-$2,500, depending on the material.", "When performed by a general dentist, a root canal for a front tooth will cost between $500-$1,000. Molars (back teeth) cost between $1,000-$1,500 with a general dentist. Endodontists (root canal specialists) usually charge about 50% more for a root canal procedure.", "A high-quality cubic zirconia (new porcelain) crown costs around $1,300, while a gold crown — which lasts longer than any other material — runs about $2,500.", "Your total cost may be as little as $1,100 and as much as $4,750 for a single root canal and crown.", "How much are root canals with insurance? Root canals are almost always covered by dental insurance but the rate of coverage differs by plan. In addition, your coverage probably applies only after you’ve met your yearly deductible.", "Many traditional plans cover root canals at 80% and crowns at 50% of the billed cost. However, check your insurance plan and talk to your insurance company before treatment to be sure.", "And remember: Most dental plans cap yearly coverage amounts at $1,500 or less. You may be responsible for a higher percentage of the cost than you initially expect if your dental plan reaches its cap.", "Are root canals worth the cost? Root canals are often worth the cost because they have a high success rate and cost less than high-quality alternatives. The price tag for extraction with a dental implant, for instance, is significantly higher than a root canal and crown (potentially 2-3 times more).", "Reinfection: A cyst or bone infection can occur years after root canal treatment, most often from a badly done procedure. Underfilling and/or not properly disinfecting the canals, as well as the presence of a broken instrument, make this outcome more likely.", "Partial root filling: It’s possible for a dentist not to completely fill the tooth root(s) during a root canal procedure, particularly if you have a complex canal structure. This may require retreatment and should be done by an endodontist.", "Canal or tooth crown perforation: If a dentist perforates (creates a hole) in the root canals or in the crown of your tooth, you’ll probably need to have the tooth extracted.", "Instrument breakage: During 2.7-3.7% of root canals, an instrument breaks during treatment. Your dental provider should inform you if this occurs and let you choose whether or not to have them remove the broken piece. Even if the piece remains, this may or may not impact the success of your root canal treatment.", "Overfilling the canal: If the canals were overfilled and the tooth is near the sinus cavity or nerve canal, this may cause post-operative pain. The pain may subside without further treatment. However, the excess filling material may need to be removed if it causes bone inflammation or significant pain, or is near the mandibular nerve or maxillary sinus.", "Discoloration: Darkening tooth color is usually a sign of blood or a poorly done root canal. This complication can often be avoided by the use of a rubber dam, magnification device, and clean instruments.", "Sinus drainage: It’s possible to have drainage and sinus pain after a root canal. You may notice it tastes or smells like the antibacterial solution used to disinfect your tooth during the procedure. Most likely, this occurs if the space left behind after a large abscess allowed passage of the solution into your sinus cavity. This is probably not dangerous and should go away after a short period of time. However, if you experience sudden, severe pain or any facial swelling, contact your dentist right away.", "The main concern of root canal therapy is that they are never 100% clean, meaning there is always bacteria left behind in the auxiliary canals off the main root canals.", "This is true for every single root canal procedure, but the quality of treatment has a major impact on this. As a study in the Journal of the American Dental Association puts it:", "“Endodontic procedural errors are not the direct cause of treatment failure; rather, the presence of pathogens in the incompletely treated or untreated root canal system is the primary cause of periradicular pathosis.”", "In other words, a badly done root canal is far more likely to fail and cause problems in the future.", "Lesions and reinfection can occur with or without pain, so don’t rely on symptoms to determine whether or not your root canal was successful.", "Root canal success rate and long-term prognosis are remarkably high, particularly when a crown is placed on the treated tooth.", "A patented same-day root canal treatment known as the GentleWave System boasts a success rate of 97.3% after 12 months. This is similar to the treatment outcomes of traditional root canal therapy. However, the GentleWave system does result in significantly fewer reports of postoperative pain than traditional root canals.", "How long does a root canal last? On average, root canals last 10 years or more. Some root canals last a lifetime.", "Root canals are safe for most people but may cause problems over time. To watch for root canal failure, get a cone-beam CT (CBCT) every 3-5 years after endodontic treatment to check for failure.", "Major organizations, like the American Dental Association (ADA) and American Association of Endodontists (AAE), speak highly of the benefits of root canals. According to both the ADA and AAE, root canals pose no major danger whatsoever.", "The Root Cause documentary and some alternative dental practitioners present root canals as extremely dangerous. Their theories often cite root canal treatment as a hidden cause of any number of systemic, chronic diseases.", "However, if you are at a high risk of root canal failure due to compromised immunity or other factors, you may want to opt for an alternative treatment.", "Is a root canal right for you? If your dentist has identified irreversible pulpitis, a root canal is one of only a few options for treatment.", "Many dentists will recommend root canal for cases of reversible pulpitis for a number of reasons. In these situations, I would ask about getting a large filling instead.", "There are anecdotal reports that root canals are associated with systemic disease months to years after treatment. If you’re a healthy person, this is likely not an issue. But if you’re on the edge of optimal health, it’s possible your body can’t handle it. If you’re immunosuppressed or in poor health, you may want to consider other options.", "It can be hard to sit with your mouth open for a few hours during the procedure, particularly if you struggle with TMJ pain.", "If possible, ask a trusted friend or family member to help with your decision if you’re already in significant pain. “Deciding under the influence,” as I call it, can lead to hasty decisions — especially if your tooth hurts a great deal.", "Preventing the need for root canal therapy involves reducing your risk of untreated tooth decay and trauma to your teeth.", "There are risks to root canal therapy, which is one reason why many functional dentists may not frequently prescribe this dental treatment.", "Depending on what kind of specialist you talk to, their recommendation for treatment may be different. Oral surgeons often prescribe an extraction with an implant, while an endodontist is more likely to recommend a root canal.", "For cavities that have not caused irreversible pulpitis, a large filling may be a better option than a root canal. A filling allows you to retain a living tooth, which will be more resistant to new cavities and fracture than an endodontically treated tooth.", "Why would a dentist recommend a root canal instead of a filling for a tooth with reversible pulpitis? Each practitioner has preferences for treatment protocols. Many dentists turn to root canal when a filling could work for a few basic reasons:", "Large fillings require great technique. Some providers aren’t confident in their ability to successfully complete this treatment, particularly if the top of the tooth must be made very thin to place the filling. This could potentially lead to the need for follow-up dental work.", "Irreversible pulpitis is difficult to diagnose. As explained, determining if a patient has reversible or irreversible pulpitis is not always straightforward. If a dentist is unsure, he or she may opt for the treatment most likely to be successful in either case — a root canal.", "Root canals cost more. The vast majority of dentists I know are excellent providers who care about their patients. However, a dental practice is a business, and it’s more profitable to bill for a root canal than a filling. Root canals are almost always covered by dental insurance, so there’s little chance that the insurance company will refuse to pay.", "If you’re not confident in the prescription of a root canal and believe a filling would be better, consider getting a second opinion to be sure.", "A dental implant is the preferred option if you decide against a root canal, as it is less likely to lead to bone loss or gum problems than dentures. It’s a highly effective procedure and the implant allows for natural chewing and aesthetics.", "Both a root canal and extraction with a dental implant have the same probability of long-term success. Dentists make treatment decisions in these cases based on factors like cost-benefit ratio, patient preference, systemic health issues, and the probability of root canal success.", "If you are missing a large number of teeth and are on a limited budget, you may opt for dentures instead of multiple dental implants and/or a bridge.", "First introduced in 2004, this practice involves irrigating and disinfecting root canals of a tooth with pulpitis but not removing the infected pulp. Then, the tooth is agitated to cause bleeding at the apex of the tooth roots.", "This bleeding provides the inflamed pulp of the tooth with a large number of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that may heal the root of the tooth. Other stem cells may be manually injected into the tooth root.", "Regenerative endodontic therapy may be successful in 91% of cases at reversing pulpal inflammation. In some cases, treatment is effective even when the pulp has initially been diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis.", "Integrative endodontic treatment is partial to ozone treatment. More than any other bactericidal solution, ozone may effectively eliminate a significant amount of bacteria in the small canals off the main pulp chamber.", "There is also no risk of antibiotic resistance with ozone, unlike other alternatives, which could lead to stronger bacterial strains. Ozone may also be used on its own or with other antimicrobial agents.", "More recently, the use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been studied as an adjunct (add-on) to these agents. aPDT can result in a significant reduction of bacteria within the pulp chamber.", "A: Root canal therapy does not require sedation. However, if you want or need to be sedated for a root canal due to dental anxiety, there are 3 options:", "Minimal sedation: Your dentist can use nitrous oxide to ease your fear. You may also be given a mild oral sedative about an hour before your procedure. You’ll be awake during treatment but mostly unconcerned with the sounds or sensations. The effects will wear off shortly after the procedure and you should still be able to drive home.", "Moderate sedation: Formerly dubbed “conscious sedation”, this kind of sedation can be achieved with higher doses of an oral sedative like Valium or through an IV. You may be groggy enough to sleep during the procedure but will be easy to wake up.", "Deep sedation/general anesthesia: Deep sedation puts you completely “to sleep” and you can’t be easily awakened. You will probably have no memory of the procedure or the period of time shortly after you wake up. This level of sedation requires an additional two-year certification for a dentist or the use of an in-house anesthesiologist. You’ll need someone to drive you home after undergoing deep sedation.", "A: Yes, you can usually eat up to an hour before a root canal. However, if you are undergoing sedation, you may need to stop eating earlier. Talk to your dentist to be sure.", "Scientific methodologies from the 1950s drove this theory. The science on this is correlative, not causative. Root canal methods and materials have evolved many times over since those times and have been completely different since the 1970s.", "That said, a poorly done root canal can and will have effects on the health of the rest of the body. Get a cone-beam CT (CBCT) every 3-5 years to check for root canal failure.", "A: Bacteremia after a root canal happens in 15-20% of cases. This occurs when dental pathogens spread to the bloodstream. In a healthy individual, this lasts around 20 minutes and your body can easily fight off the bacteria.", "In rare cases, patients can develop infective endocarditis, inflammation of the heart lining, as a result of bacteremia. Dentists used to — and still may — prescribe antibiotics as a prophylactic measure, but it’s unclear whether or not these are effective.", "With a temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD), keeping your mouth open with a dental dam for up to 90 minutes during a root canal can cause significant discomfort. Some patients have TMJ pain for 6-8 weeks after the procedure.", "In these cases, dentists may forego the use of a rubber dam or divide an appointment into multiple shorter sessions. Talk to your dentist about these options if you have TMD problems.", "A: Available evidence suggests that root canal treatment is safe during pregnancy, particularly between weeks 13-21 of gestation. This treatment is associated with no significant increase in serious medical issues or adverse pregnancy outcomes.", "The American Pregnancy Association emphasizes that, while root canals are considered safe while pregnant, it’s important to consider the risks of sedation, antibiotics, and x-rays that may be involved.", "A single x-ray should not pose a risk to you or your baby. If possible, request a lower level of local anesthesia and skip other sedation. You should only take antibiotics if your dentist feels this is the only safe option, as antibiotics can affect fetal health.", "Aaminabadi, N. A., Parto, M., Emamverdizadeh, P., Jamali, Z., & Shirazi, S. (2017). Pulp bleeding color is an indicator of clinical and histohematologic status of primary teeth. Clinical Oral Investigations, 21(5), 1831-1841. Abstract: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00784-017-2098-y", "Aquilino, S. A., & Caplan, D. J. (2002). Relationship between crown placement and the survival of endodontically treated teeth. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, 87(3), 256-263. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11941351/", "Nagasiri, R., & Chitmongkolsuk, S. (2005). Long-term survival of endodontically treated molars without crown coverage: a retrospective cohort study. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, 93(2), 164-170. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15674228/", "Kishen, A. (2006). Mechanisms and risk factors for fracture predilection in endodontically treated teeth. Endodontic topics, 13(1), 57-83. Abstract: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1601-1546.2006.00201.x", "Ventola, C. L. (2015). The antibiotic resistance crisis: part 1: causes and threats. Pharmacy and therapeutics, 40(4), 277. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4378521/", "Aminoshariae, A., & Kulild, J. C. (2016). Evidence-based recommendations for antibiotic usage to treat endodontic infections and pain: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 147(3), 186-191. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26724957/", "Gould, K., & Hakan, B. European Society of Endodontology position statement: the use of antibiotics in endodontics. Full text: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/iej.12781", "Polycarpou, N., Ng, Y. L., Canavan, D., Moles, D. R., & Gulabivala, K. (2005). Prevalence of persistent pain after endodontic treatment and factors affecting its occurrence in cases with complete radiographic healing. International endodontic journal, 38(3), 169-178. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15743420/", "Vieira, A. R., Siqueira Jr, J. F., Ricucci, D., & Lopes, W. S. (2012). Dentinal tubule infection as the cause of recurrent disease and late endodontic treatment failure: a case report. Journal of endodontics, 38(2), 250-254. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22244647/", "Simon, S., Machtou, P., Tomson, P., Adams, N., & Lumley, P. (2008). Influence of fractured instruments on the success rate of endodontic treatment. Dental update, 35(3), 172-179. Full text: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Phillip_Tomson/publication/5344158_Influence_of_Fractured_Instruments_on_the_Success_Rate_of_Endodontic_Treatment/links/0912f50eae53de6861000000/Influence-of-Fractured-Instruments-on-the-Success-Rate-of-Endodontic-Treatment.pdf", "Burry, J. C., Stover, S., Eichmiller, F., & Bhagavatula, P. (2016). Outcomes of primary endodontic therapy provided by endodontic specialists compared with other providers. Journal of Endodontics, 42(5), 702-705. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27004720/", "Sigurdsson, A., Garland, R. W., Le, K. T., & Woo, S. M. (2016). 12-month healing rates after endodontic therapy using the novel GentleWave system: a prospective multicenter clinical study. Journal of endodontics, 42(7), 1040-1048. Abstract: https://nyuscholars.nyu.edu/en/publications/12-month-healing-rates-after-endodontic-therapy-using-the-novel-g", "Iqbal, M. K., & Kim, S. (2008). A review of factors influencing treatment planning decisions of single-tooth implants versus preserving natural teeth with nonsurgical endodontic therapy. Journal of endodontics, 34(5), 519-529. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18436028/", "Banchs, F., & Trope, M. (2004). Revascularization of immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis: new treatment protocol?. Journal of endodontics, 30(4), 196-200. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15085044/", "Nakashima, M., Iohara, K., Murakami, M., Nakamura, H., Sato, Y., Ariji, Y., & Matsushita, K. (2017). Pulp regeneration by transplantation of dental pulp stem cells in pulpitis: a pilot clinical study. Stem cell research & therapy, 8(1), 61. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5345141/", "Lin, L. M., & Kahler, B. (2017). A review of regenerative endodontics: current protocols and future directions. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, 51(3 Suppl 1), S41. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5750827/", "Domb, W. C. (2014). Ozone therapy in dentistry: a brief review for physicians. Interventional Neuroradiology, 20(5), 632-636. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4243235/", "Ajeti, N. N., Pustina-Krasniqi, T., & Apostolska, S. (2018). The effect of gaseous ozone in infected root canal. Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences, 6(2), 389. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5839455/", "Chiniforush, N., Pourhajibagher, M., Shahabi, S., Kosarieh, E., & Bahador, A. (2016). Can antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) enhance the endodontic treatment?. Journal of lasers in medical sciences, 7(2), 76. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4909016/", "Sahebi, S., Moazami, F., Afsa, M., & Zade, M. R. N. (2010). Effect of lengthy root canal therapy sessions on temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles. Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects, 4(3), 95. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429977/", "A tooth abscess is an infection beneath the root of a tooth caused by untreated cavities, dental trauma, or failed dental work. It is a dental emergency.", "You CAN prevent and even reverse tooth decay without fillings and root canals. The Dentist uses 30 years of experience & science to explain how & what to do.", "Cold sores (fever blisters, herpes labialis, or oral herpes) are caused by the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and cause painful blisters on or around the mouth.", "Oil pulling is an ancient Ayurvedic practice that may be beneficial to your oral health. We separate fact from fiction to find what oil pulling can and can't do.", "Dental sealants are a thin coating used to cover grooves in molars and premolars around ages 6 and 12 to prevent decay in teeth prone to cavities.", "We have made every effort to ensure that all information we provide has been tested for accuracy, however, we make no guarantees regarding the results that you will see from using this information. We disclaim liability for incidental or consequential damages and assume no responsibility or liability for any loss or damage suffered by any person as a result of use of the information provided to you from us. The information on this website is provided “as is” without any representations or warranties, express or implied and for informational purposes only. This website’s content is not medical advice nor is it intended to replace medical advice. The information on this website is not intended to diagnose, prescribe, or treat any disease, condition, illness, or injury. Before implementing any information we provide to you, you should seek advice from a licensed medical professional." ] }, "parsed_md": "Root Canal: What to Expect, Benefits, Risks, and Costs - Ask the Dentist\n\nSubscribe\n\nMenu\n\nHome › Procedures › Root Canal\n\n# Root Canals: Know Before You Go [Plus, Alternatives]\n\nUpdated on August 5, 2020\n\nby Mark Burhenne, DDS\n\nHi, I’m Dr. B, practicing functional dentist for 35 years. I graduated from\nthe Dugoni School of Dentistry in San Francisco, CA in 1987 and am a member of\nthe American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine (AADSM), Academy of General\nDentistry (Chicago, IL), American Academy for Oral Systemic Health (AAOSH),\nand Dental Board of California. I'm on a mission to empower people everywhere\nwith the same evidence-based, easy-to-understand dental health advice that my\npatients get. Learn more about Dr. B\n\n##### Procedure\n\n#### Root Canal Therapy\n\n * About\n * Medications\n * Cost\n\nA tooth will be opened to expose its inner root canals, cleared of infected\nand/or dead tooth pulp, disinfected, filled, and sealed. Most root-canaled\nteeth will require a crown.\n\nLength of Procedure: 30-90 minutes per visit\n\nNumber of Visits: 1-4\n\nRecovery Time: 1-2 days\n\n * Valium (during the procedure)\n * Nitrous oxide\n * Antibiotics\n * Ibuprofen (Motrin)\n * Acetaminophen (Tylenol)\n\n$500-$2,250 (root canal) $600-$2,500 (crown)\n\n * What it is\n * Do you need a root canal?\n * Procedure\n * Antibiotics\n * Can I wait?\n * Recovery\n * Pain management\n * Cost\n * Complications\n * Prognosis & Outlook\n * Are they safe?\n * Pros & cons\n * Prevention\n * Alternatives\n * FAQs\n\nA root canal is a common dental treatment for a tooth with inflamed or\ninfected pulp, usually due to a deep cavity or trauma to the tooth.\n\nFew dental treatments inspire fear like the root canal. But unlike what you\nmight see in the movies, root canal treatment is associated with very little\npain.\n\nOn the other hand, root canals do carry some risks. They are often prescribed\nwhen another treatment is more appropriate or should be preferred. Biological\ndentists, in particular, generally avoid this procedure and recommend\nalternatives.\n\nBelow, we discuss exactly what a root canal is, how to know if it’s right for\nyou, what to expect, and other common questions.\n\n###### IF YOU PURCHASE A PRODUCT USING A LINK BELOW, WE MAY RECEIVE A SMALL\nCOMMISSION AT NO ADDITIONAL COST TO YOU. READ OUR AD POLICY HERE.\n\n## What is a root canal?\n\nRoot canal therapy is a type of dental procedure used to preserve a tooth\nafter the pulp of the tooth has become inflamed or infected. This is typically\ncaused by a deep cavity or physical trauma to the face or teeth.\n\nDental pulp is the soft tissue found inside the tooth containing connective\ntissue, nerves, and blood vessels.\n\nDuring a root canal, a dentist or endodontist will clean out the infected\ntissue from your pulp chamber, then disinfect, fill, and seal the tooth. In\nmost cases, a crown will be placed on top of the tooth structure to prevent\ncracking or chipping.\n\nA root canal procedure allows your dentist to preserve (not save) an infected\ntooth by removing infected tissue and sealing it.\n\nRoot canal procedures may also be referred to as:\n\n * Root canals\n * Endodontic treatment\n * Root canal therapy\n * Root canal treatment\n\nRoot canals are an appropriate treatment for a tooth with irreversible\npulpitis.\n\nPulpitis, or inflammation of the tooth pulp, can be reversible or\nirreversible. Once the nerve tissue has died as the pulp’s infection has\nspread, irreversible pulpitis results.\n\nAt that point, a tooth cannot be saved as a living structure.\n\nA root canal procedure can “preserve” a tooth, but not “save” it.\n\nBy the time you need a root canal, it’s too late to save the life of the tooth\nbecause it’s already infected and dying.\n\nSome people refer to this as “mummifying” a dead tooth.\n\nPreserving tooth structure benefits your oral health because it won’t affect\northodontic growth or your bite. If your dentist extracts a diseased tooth\nwithout filling its space with an implant, your teeth may shift and cause\northodontic problems.\n\nThe most common risk of root canal treatment is tooth fracture. The inside of\nthe tooth has been scraped out, leaving the outer shell of the tooth dry,\nbrittle, and prone to breakage.\n\nThat’s why a root canal procedure almost always requires a second procedure\nshortly afterward: a dental crown. A root canaled tooth needs the protection\nof a crown because you’ve carved out the tissue inside it.\n\nA dental crown is a rigid covering, formed to look like a natural tooth, that\nis stronger than enamel. It preserves the structural integrity of the tooth\nand reduces the risk that it will break as it weakens over time.\n\n## How do you know if you need a root canal?\n\nWhat causes the need for root canal treatment? Irreversible pulpitis\n(infection and inflammation of dental pulp) is what caused the need for a root\ncanal or similar treatment option. This is usually caused by a deep cavity or\ninjury/trauma to the tooth.\n\n> Irreversible pulpitis cannot be healed or reversed by any natural or\n> conventional means.\n\nIn the case of tooth decay, you may be able to catch pulpitis before it\nbecomes irreversible. To increase your chances of catching it early, practice\ngood dental care, don’t skip dental checkups, and talk to your dentist anytime\nyou develop a toothache.\n\nSigns you need a root canal may include:\n\n * Tooth pain: Pulpitis will cause pain that may be persistent or come and go. It may be worse when you eat or bite down. Lingering pain, or pain caused by hot or cold stimuli that remains for several minutes or hours, is a telltale sign of irreversible pulpitis and the need for a root canal. Positional pain that occurs when you stand up, lay down, or run in place, may indicate a tooth abscess and a root canal. Spontaneous pain that happens without warning may also indicate an inflamed pulp. It’s possible for pulpitis to cause referred tooth pain that manifests in other teeth or your ear, face, or jaw.\n * Bump on the gum (fistula): A fistula is a small white, yellow, or red pimple-like bump that appears on the gum. This tells your dentist that there is an infection because pus, blood, and infectious materials are trying to get out and the body is trying to “vent” them. The problem is that a fistula can mislead a dentist as to which tooth needs a root canal — it doesn’t always appear next to the infected tooth.\n * Swollen gums: As an infected tooth tries to “vent” the toxic results of infection, it may also cause gums to swell, redden, and become tender.\n * Color change of the tooth or gums: A dead or dying tooth may turn grayish over time as its blood supply diminishes. This is more likely to be noticeable on a front tooth than a back one. The infection can also darken the gums around the tooth.\n * Loosening tooth: As infection spreads, it may soften or degrade the bone in which the tooth sits. This can cause your tooth to become more mobile, wiggling upon contact.\n * Cracked tooth: If your tooth has a crack that extends down into the tooth root, it is usually impossible to save the tooth and it must be treated with a root canal or an alternative treatment option.\n * Deep cavity: A cavity can cause many of the signs above, such as pain. Your dentist may use x-rays or a cone-beam CT (CBCT) to diagnose the extent of your tooth decay.\n * Tooth abscess: Also known as a periapical abscess, this pus-filled infectious area beneath the tooth root occurs as a result of irreversible pulpitis, often due to an untreated cavity. This is not the same thing as a periodontal (gum) abscess, which may not suggest the need for a root canal.\n * Dark blood from the pulp: When your dentist opens your toot for a root canal, he or she may be able to identify irreversible pulpitis from visibly darker blood than usual.\n * Red-yellow pus: Not all inflamed teeth bleed. Often, a sure sign of irreversible pulpitis upon opening the tooth is oozing, reddish-yellow pus.\n\nDiagnosing a root canal is a complex process that differs between dentists.\nThere is no cut-and-dry way to diagnose a root canal. This process is part\nscience, part art form, to discover the degree of infection within a tooth.\n\n### Do you need a root canal if there’s no pain?\n\nIf your dentist identifies irreversible pulpitis, you will need a root canal\nregardless of whether or not pain is present.\n\nYour tooth nerve may die, temporarily relieving pain. Your dentist may put you\non antibiotics that shrink the infection, which would also cause pain to\nsubside.\n\nHowever, irreversible pulpitis must be treated by root canal or extraction.\nOtherwise, it can cause serious systemic health issues.\n\n### What to Ask Before Agreeing to Treatment\n\nIn my practice, I’ve met many patients who were prescribed root canal therapy\nbecause a practitioner was in a hurry or looking for the “simplest” option,\nrather than the best option.\n\nFor instance, a dentist may suggest a root canal for a large cavity even if\nthe pulp is not irreversibly inflamed and a filling would suffice.\n\nDental insurance covers it, the general dentist doesn’t have to place a\nfilling that requires more-than-average finesse, and — I hate to say it, but\nit’s true — the price tag is higher.\n\nI highly recommend asking your dentist the following questions before you say\nyes to a root canal to prevent unnecessary dental work:\n\n * Is a root canal absolutely necessary?\n * Is it possible the tooth will recover and not need the root canal?\n * How did you come to the conclusion that I have irreversible pulpitis?\n * Why did the pulp die?\n * What if I don’t do the root canal?\n * Should I skip the root canal and go right to the extraction and implant?\n * Will my infection spread to other teeth or to my bone?\n * How confident are you that a root canal will be successful?\n * Should I have this done by a specialist or can you do as good of a job as a specialist can?\n\nIn general, many root canal symptoms can often be attributed to causes other\nthan irreversible pulpitis. Until your dentist or endodontist is fairly\ncertain that irreversible pulpitis is to blame, root canal treatment should\nnot be prescribed.\n\n## What to Expect During a Root Canal Procedure\n\nA root canal procedure can be done in 1 or 2 visits. For retreatments (in\nwhich a tooth has already received endodontic treatment), 3 visits may be\nrequested. Each visit should take 90 minutes or less.\n\nHow long does a root canal take? A root canal procedure takes 30-90 minutes\nper visit. For simple cases of teeth with one root, each visit will probably\n60 minutes or less. Complex cases take closer to 90 minutes per visit.\n\nWhy do root canals take 2 visits? Depending on the provider’s preference, root\ncanal treatment may be done in 2 or more visits for more thorough cleaning.\nThe number of visits for root canal therapy has no significant impact on pain\nlevels or treatment success rates.\n\nShould your root canal be done by your dentist or a specialist? Specialists in\nroot canal therapy are called endodontists. An endodontist should perform your\nroot canal procedure if you have complex canals or if your general dentist\nrefers out root canal cases. However, all dentists are trained to perform root\ncanals during dental school.\n\n### Before the Procedure\n\nBefore your root canal procedure, your dentist will probably take x-rays or a\ncone-beam CT (CBCT) and perform a physical exam to identify irreversible\npulpitis.\n\nYour dentist may prescribe antibiotics before the procedure if:\n\n * You are immune-compromised\n * You have an existing tooth abscess\n * You present with a fever\n * Your infection had a rapid onset\n * You have developed a system-wide infection\n\n### During the Procedure\n\nThis is how a root canal procedure is performed, step-by-step:\n\n 1. X-rays and exam: The dentist or endodontist will take a new set of x-rays and perform another physical exam. Many x-rays will be taken to make sure that the instruments are in the correct location to remove the infected tissue.\n 2. Numbing: You will receive full local anesthesia to numb the tooth and surrounding area. This local anesthetic is more than what’s required for a filling because your dentist must remove the nerve. Your dentist will typically not put you under sedation (to sleep) for a root canal, but you can request sedation if you’re anxious.\n 3. Rubber dam: A sheet of latex, called a rubber dam, will be placed over your mouth. This prevents bacteria from the rest of your mouth from entering the tooth. The dental dam also stops medications inside the tooth from being swallowed.\n 4. Opening: An opening will be drilled into the top of your tooth.\n 5. Cleaning and shaping: Using very refined drills and files, your dentist will remove the inflamed or infected pulp, carefully cleaning out and shaping the inside of the tooth.\n 6. Irrigation: The main pulp chambers will be irrigated with water and, in most cases, an antibacterial agent to eliminate any remaining bacteria. These chambers must be fully dry before moving on to the next step.\n 7. Filling: Next, the dentist will fill and seal the tooth so it’s closed off to infection. The tooth is filled with gutta-percha, a biocompatible filling material, combined with rubber cement. A temporary filling will be placed until you get a permanent crown.\n\nIn some cases, posts will be inserted inside the tooth during the filling\nprocess. I do not recommend posts to patients, as they have a tendency to\ncrack the teeth.\n\nDo root canals hurt? Root canals do not hurt at all during the procedure. If\nthe dentist is skilled at delivering the local anesthesia, you won’t feel a\nthing. There may be minor pain and soreness as you recover.\n\nRoot Canal Procedure: Before and After\n\nSometimes, a dentist will begin the root canal and things go wrong — this can\nbe a good thing!\n\nIf your dentist gets inside the tooth and is presented with new information\nthat changes the chances of success of a root canal, he will stop to tell you.\nThis gives you the choice to abort the procedure before proceeding with a root\ncanal with lower chances of success than you both originally thought.\n\nReasons to stop a root canal include:\n\n * Separated instrument: An instrument breaks off inside the tooth.\n * Calcified root canal: If the root canal is calcified, your dentist won’t be able to negotiate it well. In these cases, endodontic surgery like an apicoectomy may be required.\n * Fracture: Once the tooth is opened, your dentist might see a fracture not visible on the x-ray. Seepage can occur at the fracture line, which can lead to bone loss. If you lose bone around the tooth, you lose the support of the tooth. In these cases, an extraction with a dental implant will offer a much better prognosis.\n * Curved root: Also called “complex canal morphology,” this kind of tooth root is hard to navigate. Complex root canal anatomy — lots of hard-to-navigate twists and turns — reduce the potential success rate.\n\n> Your dentist should only do the root canal if conditions are ideal.\n\nYou can still drive home if you’ve been given only local anesthesia.\n\n### Getting a Crown or Filling\n\nAfter your root canal treatment is complete, you’ll need to go back to your\ndentist for a crown or a filling. Crowns or fillings should be placed within\n1-4 weeks after a root canal.\n\nDo you need a crown after a root canal? If you have a root canal done on a\nmolar or pre-molar (your back chewing teeth), you need a crown after root\ncanal treatment. Most incisors and canines (front teeth) do not require a\ncrown.\n\nSome people wait to get a crown so that they don’t max out their insurance,\nbut this can be a dangerous risk. If the tooth fractures before a crown is\nplaced, you lose the investment of the root canal entirely.\n\nIn some cases, your dentist will recommend only a filling to protect the\ntooth.\n\nCrowns benefit teeth in the following ways:\n\n * Better success rate: Your root canal treatment is more likely to last without repeated treatment if a crown is placed on a molar or premolar. Root canal without crown is 6 times more likely to fail, according to one study over an 11-year period. Another study found that a root canaled tooth without a crown has a 63% chance of failure within 5 years.\n * Reduced chance of fracture: Without a dental crown, your tooth may become more susceptible to fracture over time. This is because the “mummified” tooth will become brittle as it no longer receives blood flow.\n * Natural-looking tooth: You can get a crown to match the color of your remaining teeth to hide discoloration and appear just like a natural tooth.\n * Lower risk of infection: A crown covers the inside of the treated tooth to prevent most bacteria from getting in, which could otherwise cause a new infection and require retreatment.\n\nThe procedure for placing a crown is done in these steps:\n\n 1. The tooth is filed down to remove the outer layer.\n 2. Impressions are taken of the new tooth shape. For in-office crowns, your dentist will take an optical impression.\n 3. The impressions are sent to a lab or used to create a crown in-office.\n 4. If your dentist doesn’t have the equipment to make a same-day crown, a temporary crown will be placed and you’ll wait several days while the crown is being manufactured.\n 5. The crown is placed on your tooth and secured by mechanical retention. Dental cement is used to prevent saliva or any other substance from getting under the crown.\n\n## Antibiotics & Root Canal Therapy\n\nAntibiotics have been part of the standard of care for root canals for many\ndecades. However, more recent research shows they are frequently unneeded and\nmay contribute to antibiotic resistance.\n\nDentists frequently prescribe antibiotics before and after endodontic\ntreatment for reduced chance of systemic infection, reduced pain, increased\nsuccess rates, and a variety of other reasons.\n\n> The problem is that antibiotics actually have no significant impact on root\n> canal outcomes in almost any case.\n\nOne review of antibiotic use for root canals found that dentists are most\nlikely to prescribe antibiotics for root canals due to the placebo effect and\na lack of education, not a clinical need.\n\nA 2016 review by the American Dental Association (ADA) found that the only\nlegitimate reasons for antibiotics before or after a root canal were a present\nsystemic infection, fever, or both.\n\nThe European Society of Endodontology holds the position that antibiotics\nshould be prescribed only in the following cases:\n\n * Systemic infection caused by a tooth abscess\n * Tooth abscess in an immune-compromised patient\n * Rapid onset infection with outward symptoms in 24 hours or fewer\n * Replantation of a tooth that has been knocked out (avulsed) due to trauma\n * Trauma to the soft tissue of the mouth that requires treatment\n\n## How long can I go before getting a root canal?\n\nOnce your dentist has diagnosed irreversible pulpitis, you need to get a root\ncanal (or alternative treatment) right away. Your provider may prescribe\nantibiotics before treatment, in which case you may need to wait to finish\nyour round of antibiotics.\n\nWhen you find out you need a root canal for irreversible pulpitis, it’s like a\nticking time bomb because the infection will eventually get out of control.\n\nPressure, swelling, and pain are likely to get worse. You might develop a bad\ntaste in your mouth or experience numbness. The infection could spread to more\nvulnerable tissues, like your heart.\n\nYes, a tooth infection can kill you.\n\nIn the 1600s, tooth infections made the list of the top 6 causes of death in\nEngland. As recently as 1908, tooth infections had a mortality rate of up to\n40%. That’s worse than smallpox!\n\nComplications of infections like these, such as those from a tooth abscess,\nare extremely dangerous. Don’t wait for treatment!\n\n## Root Canal Recovery\n\nFor fast root canal recovery:\n\n * Don’t smoke for at least 7 days after the procedure\n * Avoid chewing hard, crunchy, very hot, or very spicy foods/drinks or any foods with a sharp edge (like sourdough bread) for 1-2 days\n * Avoid drinking alcohol for 1-2 days, as this may increase bleeding\n * Don’t bite or chew on the treated tooth until a permanent crown has been placed\n * Brush, floss, and maintain good oral hygiene as normal\n\nCan you drive after a root canal? You should be able to drive immediately\nafter a root canal procedure unless sedation was used. Root canals usually\ninvolve local anesthetic, but sedation may be requested for patients who are\nanxious about the procedure.\n\nYou should have a follow-up exam 6 months after your root canal. After that\nfirst follow-up, your dentist should closely examine (and, preferably, do a\nCBCT on) your treated tooth every 3-5 years to check for a failed root canal\nand reinfection.\n\n## Pain After a Root Canal\n\nIt’s common to have a little soreness after your procedure, but extreme pain\nafter a root canal is abnormal. One study estimates that long-term pain\nhappens after only 12% of root canal treatments.\n\nIf you do have pain, it usually peaks 17-24 hours after the procedure. To\navoid this, keep your head elevated with a wedge pillow while sleeping for the\nfirst 1-2 nights.\n\nSoreness from keeping your mouth open for a long period of time should go away\nafter 1-2 days. However, if you have persistent TMJ pain, this soreness and\nstiffness may remain for 6-8 weeks, particularly if a dental dam was used.\n\nYou may have pain in the gum or other soft tissue around the root-canaled\ntooth from inflammation or damage during your root canal treatment. This\nshould clear up within a week or two.\n\nYou can use over-the-counter pain medications like ibuprofen (Motrin) or\nacetaminophen (Tylenol) to relieve any pain for the day or two after a\nprocedure.\n\nPersistent pain (3 months or more) after root canal usually happens when you\nbite down or palpate the treated tooth. It’s frequently associated with:\n\n * A filling that is too high\n * A severe infection before your root canal\n * Previous painful dental work\n * Existing chronic pain issues\n\nMore women than men tend to develop long-term root canal pain.\n\nIf you experience severe or sudden pain in the tooth weeks, months, or years\nafter your root canal, it may be a sign of root canal failure. Contact your\ndentist immediately.\n\n## Root Canal Cost\n\nBefore dental insurance, a root canal procedure in the United States costs\nanywhere from $500-$2,250. A crown after root canal ranges from $600-$2,500,\ndepending on the material.\n\nWhen performed by a general dentist, a root canal for a front tooth will cost\nbetween $500-$1,000. Molars (back teeth) cost between $1,000-$1,500 with a\ngeneral dentist. Endodontists (root canal specialists) usually charge about\n50% more for a root canal procedure.\n\nA high-quality cubic zirconia (new porcelain) crown costs around $1,300, while\na gold crown — which lasts longer than any other material — runs about $2,500.\n\n> Your total cost may be as little as $1,100 and as much as $4,750 for a\n> single root canal and crown.\n\nThe cost of your treatment will also differ depending on where you live. In\ngeneral, a higher cost of living will mean a higher cost for dental treatment.\n\nHow much are root canals with insurance? Root canals are almost always covered\nby dental insurance but the rate of coverage differs by plan. In addition,\nyour coverage probably applies only after you’ve met your yearly deductible.\n\nMany traditional plans cover root canals at 80% and crowns at 50% of the\nbilled cost. However, check your insurance plan and talk to your insurance\ncompany before treatment to be sure.\n\nAnd remember: Most dental plans cap yearly coverage amounts at $1,500 or less.\nYou may be responsible for a higher percentage of the cost than you initially\nexpect if your dental plan reaches its cap.\n\nAre root canals worth the cost? Root canals are often worth the cost because\nthey have a high success rate and cost less than high-quality alternatives.\nThe price tag for extraction with a dental implant, for instance, is\nsignificantly higher than a root canal and crown (potentially 2-3 times more).\n\n## Complications of Root Canal Therapy\n\nPotential complications of a root canal (not including those related to\nanesthesia) include:\n\n * Reinfection: A cyst or bone infection can occur years after root canal treatment, most often from a badly done procedure. Underfilling and/or not properly disinfecting the canals, as well as the presence of a broken instrument, make this outcome more likely.\n * Partial root filling: It’s possible for a dentist not to completely fill the tooth root(s) during a root canal procedure, particularly if you have a complex canal structure. This may require retreatment and should be done by an endodontist.\n * Canal or tooth crown perforation: If a dentist perforates (creates a hole) in the root canals or in the crown of your tooth, you’ll probably need to have the tooth extracted.\n * Instrument breakage: During 2.7-3.7% of root canals, an instrument breaks during treatment. Your dental provider should inform you if this occurs and let you choose whether or not to have them remove the broken piece. Even if the piece remains, this may or may not impact the success of your root canal treatment.\n * Overfilling the canal: If the canals were overfilled and the tooth is near the sinus cavity or nerve canal, this may cause post-operative pain. The pain may subside without further treatment. However, the excess filling material may need to be removed if it causes bone inflammation or significant pain, or is near the mandibular nerve or maxillary sinus.\n * Discoloration: Darkening tooth color is usually a sign of blood or a poorly done root canal. This complication can often be avoided by the use of a rubber dam, magnification device, and clean instruments.\n * Sinus drainage: It’s possible to have drainage and sinus pain after a root canal. You may notice it tastes or smells like the antibacterial solution used to disinfect your tooth during the procedure. Most likely, this occurs if the space left behind after a large abscess allowed passage of the solution into your sinus cavity. This is probably not dangerous and should go away after a short period of time. However, if you experience sudden, severe pain or any facial swelling, contact your dentist right away.\n\nThe main concern of root canal therapy is that they are never 100% clean,\nmeaning there is always bacteria left behind in the auxiliary canals off the\nmain root canals.\n\nThis is true for every single root canal procedure, but the quality of\ntreatment has a major impact on this. As a study in the Journal of the\nAmerican Dental Association puts it:\n\n“Endodontic procedural errors are not the direct cause of treatment failure;\nrather, the presence of pathogens in the incompletely treated or untreated\nroot canal system is the primary cause of periradicular pathosis.”\n\n> In other words, a badly done root canal is far more likely to fail and cause\n> problems in the future.\n\nI recommend all patients get a cone-beam CT (CBCT) every 3-5 years after root\ncanal therapy to properly check for lesions or other signs of root canal\nfailure. CBCT is a far more reliable method to recognize failure than a\ntraditional x-ray.\n\nLesions and reinfection can occur with or without pain, so don’t rely on\nsymptoms to determine whether or not your root canal was successful.\n\n## Prognosis & Long-Term Outlook\n\nRoot canal success rate and long-term prognosis are remarkably high,\nparticularly when a crown is placed on the treated tooth.\n\n> The overall success rate for root canal procedures is between 80.1%-86%.\n\nThe success rate decreases most significantly (below 90%) after 5 years have\npassed.\n\nA patented same-day root canal treatment known as the GentleWave System boasts\na success rate of 97.3% after 12 months. This is similar to the treatment\noutcomes of traditional root canal therapy. However, the GentleWave system\ndoes result in significantly fewer reports of postoperative pain than\ntraditional root canals.\n\nFactors that reduce the chance of root canal success include:\n\n * Treatment by a general dentist, rather than an endodontist\n * Necrotic pulp (dead tooth pulp) and/or irreversible pulpitis\n * Periodontal (gum) disease\n * Poor procedural technique (including underfilling, overfilling, or instrument breakage)\n * Fracture to the treated tooth and/or crown\n * New bacterial infection\n * Male gender\n * Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity\n\nHow long does a root canal last? On average, root canals last 10 years or\nmore. Some root canals last a lifetime.\n\n## Are root canals safe?\n\nRoot canals are safe for most people but may cause problems over time. To\nwatch for root canal failure, get a cone-beam CT (CBCT) every 3-5 years after\nendodontic treatment to check for failure.\n\nMajor organizations, like the American Dental Association (ADA) and American\nAssociation of Endodontists (AAE), speak highly of the benefits of root\ncanals. According to both the ADA and AAE, root canals pose no major danger\nwhatsoever.\n\nOther groups, including the International Association of Biological Dental\nMedicine (IABDM), do not recommend root canal therapy.\n\nThe Root Cause documentary and some alternative dental practitioners present\nroot canals as extremely dangerous. Their theories often cite root canal\ntreatment as a hidden cause of any number of systemic, chronic diseases.\n\nTo date, no published, peer-reviewed scientific evidence supports the majority\nof these hypotheses.\n\nHowever, if you are at a high risk of root canal failure due to compromised\nimmunity or other factors, you may want to opt for an alternative treatment.\n\n## Pros & Cons of Root Canal Treatment\n\nIs a root canal right for you? If your dentist has identified irreversible\npulpitis, a root canal is one of only a few options for treatment.\n\nMany dentists will recommend root canal for cases of reversible pulpitis for a\nnumber of reasons. In these situations, I would ask about getting a large\nfilling instead.\n\nConsider the pros and cons before deciding if a root canal is the best option\nfor your case.\n\nRoot Canal Pros:\n\n * You don’t have to extract the tooth.\n * You don’t lose the bone around the tooth.\n * Your orthodontic growth, bite, and normal tooth use will remain the same.\n * You will no longer experience hot or cold sensitivity in the treated tooth.\n * The recovery pain and recovery time are mild and brief.\n * The rate of success is very high even after 10 years (over 80%).\n * It’s less expensive than extraction with an implant.\n\nRoot Canal Cons:\n\n * There’s no such thing as a 100% clean root canal — some bacteria will always be left behind.\n * If your root canal fails, you’ll need retreatment of some kind, which carries a significant additional cost.\n * There are anecdotal reports that root canals are associated with systemic disease months to years after treatment. If you’re a healthy person, this is likely not an issue. But if you’re on the edge of optimal health, it’s possible your body can’t handle it. If you’re immunosuppressed or in poor health, you may want to consider other options.\n * It can be hard to sit with your mouth open for a few hours during the procedure, particularly if you struggle with TMJ pain.\n\nIf possible, ask a trusted friend or family member to help with your decision\nif you’re already in significant pain. “Deciding under the influence,” as I\ncall it, can lead to hasty decisions — especially if your tooth hurts a great\ndeal.\n\n## Root Canal Prevention\n\nPreventing the need for root canal therapy involves reducing your risk of\nuntreated tooth decay and trauma to your teeth.\n\nTo reduce your risk of tooth decay:\n\n * Practice good oral hygiene (flossing, brushing, oil pulling, etc.)\n * Use a remineralizing toothpaste like Boka or RiseWell\n * Eat foods that prevent cavities\n * Limit your intake of sugary, acidic, and highly processed foods\n * Avoid antibacterial oral care products like regular mouthwash, which disrupt your oral microbiome\n * Prevent dry mouth by mouth taping and practicing nose breathing\n * See your dentist for a cleaning and exam every 6 months\n\nTo prevent tooth decay from progressing to the point of a root canal:\n\n * Never ignore a toothache — always discuss new tooth pain with your dentist\n * Don’t put off dental work for tooth decay unless you’re actively reversing cavities\n * Consider regenerative endodontics, a stem cell endodontic therapy, if you have existing pulpitis\n\nTo reduce your risk of trauma to teeth:\n\n * Always wear a mouthguard when playing sports or during athletic activity\n * Use your teeth only for eating — no opening packages, chewing on pencils, etc.\n * Be cautious in situations where falling is likely\n * Practice safe driving — always wear a seatbelt\n\n## Root Canal Alternatives\n\nThere are risks to root canal therapy, which is one reason why many functional\ndentists may not frequently prescribe this dental treatment.\n\nDepending on what kind of specialist you talk to, their recommendation for\ntreatment may be different. Oral surgeons often prescribe an extraction with\nan implant, while an endodontist is more likely to recommend a root canal.\n\nDepending on your case, there are 3 possible alternatives to root canal\ntreatment:\n\n 1. Dental fillings\n 2. Extraction with dental restoration (implant, bridge, or dentures)\n 3. Regenerative endodontics\n\n### Root Canal vs. Fillings\n\nFor cavities that have not caused irreversible pulpitis, a large filling may\nbe a better option than a root canal. A filling allows you to retain a living\ntooth, which will be more resistant to new cavities and fracture than an\nendodontically treated tooth.\n\nFillings are not an option once the tooth pulp has become irreversibly\ninflamed or died.\n\nWhy would a dentist recommend a root canal instead of a filling for a tooth\nwith reversible pulpitis? Each practitioner has preferences for treatment\nprotocols. Many dentists turn to root canal when a filling could work for a\nfew basic reasons:\n\n * Large fillings require great technique. Some providers aren’t confident in their ability to successfully complete this treatment, particularly if the top of the tooth must be made very thin to place the filling. This could potentially lead to the need for follow-up dental work.\n * Irreversible pulpitis is difficult to diagnose. As explained, determining if a patient has reversible or irreversible pulpitis is not always straightforward. If a dentist is unsure, he or she may opt for the treatment most likely to be successful in either case — a root canal.\n * Root canals cost more. The vast majority of dentists I know are excellent providers who care about their patients. However, a dental practice is a business, and it’s more profitable to bill for a root canal than a filling. Root canals are almost always covered by dental insurance, so there’s little chance that the insurance company will refuse to pay.\n\nIf you’re not confident in the prescription of a root canal and believe a\nfilling would be better, consider getting a second opinion to be sure.\n\n### Root Canal vs. Extraction\n\nTooth extraction followed by a restorative procedure is the only alternative\noption besides a root canal for irreversible pulpitis.\n\nRestorations that can be done after an extraction include:\n\n * Dental implant\n * Dental bridge\n * Dentures\n\nA dental implant is the preferred option if you decide against a root canal,\nas it is less likely to lead to bone loss or gum problems than dentures. It’s\na highly effective procedure and the implant allows for natural chewing and\naesthetics.\n\nBoth a root canal and extraction with a dental implant have the same\nprobability of long-term success. Dentists make treatment decisions in these\ncases based on factors like cost-benefit ratio, patient preference, systemic\nhealth issues, and the probability of root canal success.\n\nAfter extraction of multiple side-by-side teeth, your dentist may suggest a\nbridge connected by implants on either side.\n\nIf you are missing a large number of teeth and are on a limited budget, you\nmay opt for dentures instead of multiple dental implants and/or a bridge.\n\n### Root Canal vs. Regenerative Endodontics\n\nRegenerative endodontics is a relatively new method of endodontic treatment to\nrestore inflamed dental pulp.\n\nFirst introduced in 2004, this practice involves irrigating and disinfecting\nroot canals of a tooth with pulpitis but not removing the infected pulp. Then,\nthe tooth is agitated to cause bleeding at the apex of the tooth roots.\n\nThis bleeding provides the inflamed pulp of the tooth with a large number of\nmesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that may heal the root of the tooth. Other stem\ncells may be manually injected into the tooth root.\n\nRegenerative endodontic therapy may be successful in 91% of cases at reversing\npulpal inflammation. In some cases, treatment is effective even when the pulp\nhas initially been diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis.\n\nThis may not be the best option for many people because:\n\n * The field of regenerative endodontics is relatively new and untested\n * The procedure itself requires an extensive amount of perfected technique\n * It may not be easy to find a provider near you\n * This procedure is less likely to be covered by dental insurance\n * As a more experimental procedure, regenerative endodontics may be prohibitively expensive\n\nHowever, this could be the future of what we currently know as root canal\ntherapy.\n\nClick here to browse clinical trials for regenerative endodontics.\n\n## FAQ\n\n### Q: What root canal irrigants are used to clear the pulp chambers and kill\nbacteria before the tooth is filled?\n\nA: Root canal irrigants include:\n\n * Ozone\n * Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO)\n * Chlorhexidine\n * Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]\n\nIntegrative endodontic treatment is partial to ozone treatment. More than any\nother bactericidal solution, ozone may effectively eliminate a significant\namount of bacteria in the small canals off the main pulp chamber.\n\nThere is also no risk of antibiotic resistance with ozone, unlike other\nalternatives, which could lead to stronger bacterial strains. Ozone may also\nbe used on its own or with other antimicrobial agents.\n\nMore recently, the use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been\nstudied as an adjunct (add-on) to these agents. aPDT can result in a\nsignificant reduction of bacteria within the pulp chamber.\n\n### Q: What are my options for root canal sedation?\n\nA: Root canal therapy does not require sedation. However, if you want or need\nto be sedated for a root canal due to dental anxiety, there are 3 options:\n\n 1. Minimal sedation: Your dentist can use nitrous oxide to ease your fear. You may also be given a mild oral sedative about an hour before your procedure. You’ll be awake during treatment but mostly unconcerned with the sounds or sensations. The effects will wear off shortly after the procedure and you should still be able to drive home.\n 2. Moderate sedation: Formerly dubbed “conscious sedation”, this kind of sedation can be achieved with higher doses of an oral sedative like Valium or through an IV. You may be groggy enough to sleep during the procedure but will be easy to wake up.\n 3. Deep sedation/general anesthesia: Deep sedation puts you completely “to sleep” and you can’t be easily awakened. You will probably have no memory of the procedure or the period of time shortly after you wake up. This level of sedation requires an additional two-year certification for a dentist or the use of an in-house anesthesiologist. You’ll need someone to drive you home after undergoing deep sedation.\n\n### Q: Can I eat before a root canal?\n\nA: Yes, you can usually eat up to an hour before a root canal. However, if you\nare undergoing sedation, you may need to stop eating earlier. Talk to your\ndentist to be sure.\n\n### Q: Do root canals cause cancer?\n\nA: No, there is no reliable evidence that root canals cause cancer.\n\nScientific methodologies from the 1950s drove this theory. The science on this\nis correlative, not causative. Root canal methods and materials have evolved\nmany times over since those times and have been completely different since the\n1970s.\n\nThat said, a poorly done root canal can and will have effects on the health of\nthe rest of the body. Get a cone-beam CT (CBCT) every 3-5 years to check for\nroot canal failure.\n\n### Q: Will a root canal give me a blood infection (bacteremia)?\n\nA: Bacteremia after a root canal happens in 15-20% of cases. This occurs when\ndental pathogens spread to the bloodstream. In a healthy individual, this\nlasts around 20 minutes and your body can easily fight off the bacteria.\n\nFor context, bacteremia is very common after dental cleanings — it’s generally\nnot something to cause great concern.\n\nIn rare cases, patients can develop infective endocarditis, inflammation of\nthe heart lining, as a result of bacteremia. Dentists used to — and still may\n— prescribe antibiotics as a prophylactic measure, but it’s unclear whether or\nnot these are effective.\n\n### Q: Why would my dentist not use a rubber dam for my root canal?\n\nA: Rubber dams during root canal are controversial for patients with TMJ pain.\n\nWith a temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD), keeping your mouth open with a\ndental dam for up to 90 minutes during a root canal can cause significant\ndiscomfort. Some patients have TMJ pain for 6-8 weeks after the procedure.\n\nIn these cases, dentists may forego the use of a rubber dam or divide an\nappointment into multiple shorter sessions. Talk to your dentist about these\noptions if you have TMD problems.\n\n### Q: Can I get a root canal while I’m pregnant?\n\nA: Available evidence suggests that root canal treatment is safe during\npregnancy, particularly between weeks 13-21 of gestation. This treatment is\nassociated with no significant increase in serious medical issues or adverse\npregnancy outcomes.\n\nThe American Pregnancy Association emphasizes that, while root canals are\nconsidered safe while pregnant, it’s important to consider the risks of\nsedation, antibiotics, and x-rays that may be involved.\n\nA single x-ray should not pose a risk to you or your baby. If possible,\nrequest a lower level of local anesthesia and skip other sedation. You should\nonly take antibiotics if your dentist feels this is the only safe option, as\nantibiotics can affect fetal health.\n\n#### 33 References\n\n 1. Sigurdsson, A. (2003). Pulpal diagnosis. Endodontic Topics, 5(1), 12-25. Abstract: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1601-1546.2003.00024.x\n 2. Aaminabadi, N. A., Parto, M., Emamverdizadeh, P., Jamali, Z., & Shirazi, S. (2017). Pulp bleeding color is an indicator of clinical and histohematologic status of primary teeth. Clinical Oral Investigations, 21(5), 1831-1841. Abstract: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00784-017-2098-y\n 3. Wong, A. W. Y., Tsang, C. S. C., Zhang, S., Li, K. Y., Zhang, C., & Chu, C. H. (2015). Treatment outcomes of single-visit versus multiple-visit non-surgical endodontic therapy: a randomised clinical trial. BMC oral health, 15(1), 1-11. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4684923/\n 4. Aquilino, S. A., & Caplan, D. J. (2002). Relationship between crown placement and the survival of endodontically treated teeth. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, 87(3), 256-263. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11941351/\n 5. Nagasiri, R., & Chitmongkolsuk, S. (2005). Long-term survival of endodontically treated molars without crown coverage: a retrospective cohort study. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, 93(2), 164-170. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15674228/\n 6. Kishen, A. (2006). Mechanisms and risk factors for fracture predilection in endodontically treated teeth. Endodontic topics, 13(1), 57-83. Abstract: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1601-1546.2006.00201.x\n 7. Ventola, C. L. (2015). The antibiotic resistance crisis: part 1: causes and threats. Pharmacy and therapeutics, 40(4), 277. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4378521/\n 8. Bansal, R., Jain, A., Goyal, M., Singh, T., Sood, H., & Malviya, H. S. (2019). Antibiotic abuse during endodontic treatment: A contributing factor to antibiotic resistance. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 8(11), 3518. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6881914/\n 9. Aminoshariae, A., & Kulild, J. C. (2016). Evidence-based recommendations for antibiotic usage to treat endodontic infections and pain: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 147(3), 186-191. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26724957/\n 10. Gould, K., & Hakan, B. European Society of Endodontology position statement: the use of antibiotics in endodontics. Full text: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/iej.12781\n 11. Erazo, D., & Whetstone, D. R. (2019). Dental Infections. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542165/\n 12. Polycarpou, N., Ng, Y. L., Canavan, D., Moles, D. R., & Gulabivala, K. (2005). Prevalence of persistent pain after endodontic treatment and factors affecting its occurrence in cases with complete radiographic healing. International endodontic journal, 38(3), 169-178. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15743420/\n 13. Vieira, A. R., Siqueira Jr, J. F., Ricucci, D., & Lopes, W. S. (2012). Dentinal tubule infection as the cause of recurrent disease and late endodontic treatment failure: a case report. Journal of endodontics, 38(2), 250-254. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22244647/\n 14. Simon, S., Machtou, P., Tomson, P., Adams, N., & Lumley, P. (2008). Influence of fractured instruments on the success rate of endodontic treatment. Dental update, 35(3), 172-179. Full text: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Phillip_Tomson/publication/5344158_Influence_of_Fractured_Instruments_on_the_Success_Rate_of_Endodontic_Treatment/links/0912f50eae53de6861000000/Influence-of-Fractured-Instruments-on-the-Success-Rate-of-Endodontic-Treatment.pdf\n 15. Cheung, G. S. (2007). Instrument fracture: mechanisms, removal of fragments, and clinical outcomes. Endodontic Topics, 16(1), 1-26. Abstract: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1601-1546.2009.00239.x\n 16. Lin, L. M., Rosenberg, P. A., & Lin, J. (2005). Do procedural errors cause endodontic treatment failure?. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 136(2), 187-193. Abstract: https://jada.ada.org/article/S0002-8177(14)64408-1/abstract\n 17. Bernstein, S. D., Matthews, A. G., Curro, F. A., Thompson, V. P., Craig, R. G., Horowitz, A. J., ... & Collie, D. (2012). Outcomes of endodontic therapy in general practice: a study by the Practitioners Engaged in Applied Research and Learning Network. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 143(5), 478-487. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4394182/\n 18. Burry, J. C., Stover, S., Eichmiller, F., & Bhagavatula, P. (2016). Outcomes of primary endodontic therapy provided by endodontic specialists compared with other providers. Journal of Endodontics, 42(5), 702-705. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27004720/\n 19. Sigurdsson, A., Garland, R. W., Le, K. T., & Woo, S. M. (2016). 12-month healing rates after endodontic therapy using the novel GentleWave system: a prospective multicenter clinical study. Journal of endodontics, 42(7), 1040-1048. Abstract: https://nyuscholars.nyu.edu/en/publications/12-month-healing-rates-after-endodontic-therapy-using-the-novel-g\n 20. Touré, B., Faye, B., Kane, A. W., Lo, C. M., Niang, B., & Boucher, Y. (2011). Analysis of reasons for extraction of endodontically treated teeth: a prospective study. Journal of endodontics, 37(11), 1512-1515. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22000453/\n 21. Iqbal, M. K., & Kim, S. (2008). A review of factors influencing treatment planning decisions of single-tooth implants versus preserving natural teeth with nonsurgical endodontic therapy. Journal of endodontics, 34(5), 519-529. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18436028/\n 22. Banchs, F., & Trope, M. (2004). Revascularization of immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis: new treatment protocol?. Journal of endodontics, 30(4), 196-200. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15085044/\n 23. Nakashima, M., Iohara, K., Murakami, M., Nakamura, H., Sato, Y., Ariji, Y., & Matsushita, K. (2017). Pulp regeneration by transplantation of dental pulp stem cells in pulpitis: a pilot clinical study. Stem cell research & therapy, 8(1), 61. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5345141/\n 24. Kim, S. G., Malek, M., Sigurdsson, A., Lin, L. M., & Kahler, B. (2018). Regenerative endodontics: a comprehensive review. International endodontic journal, 51(12), 1367-1388. Full text: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/iej.12954\n 25. Lin, L. M., & Kahler, B. (2017). A review of regenerative endodontics: current protocols and future directions. Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, 51(3 Suppl 1), S41. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5750827/\n 26. Rahimi, S., Janani, M., Lotfi, M., Shahi, S., Aghbali, A., Pakdel, M. V., ... & Ghasemi, N. (2014). A review of antibacterial agents in endodontic treatment. Iranian endodontic journal, 9(3), 161. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4099945/\n 27. Domb, W. C. (2014). Ozone therapy in dentistry: a brief review for physicians. Interventional Neuroradiology, 20(5), 632-636. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4243235/\n 28. Ajeti, N. N., Pustina-Krasniqi, T., & Apostolska, S. (2018). The effect of gaseous ozone in infected root canal. Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences, 6(2), 389. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5839455/\n 29. Chiniforush, N., Pourhajibagher, M., Shahabi, S., Kosarieh, E., & Bahador, A. (2016). Can antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) enhance the endodontic treatment?. Journal of lasers in medical sciences, 7(2), 76. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4909016/\n 30. Debelian, G. J., Olsen, I., & Tronstad, L. (1995). Bacteremia in conjunction with endodontic therapy. Dental Traumatology, 11(3), 142-149. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7641631/\n 31. Brincat, M., Savarrio, L., & Saunders, W. (2006). Endodontics and infective endocarditis–is antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis required?. International Endodontic Journal, 39(9), 671-682. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16916356/\n 32. Sahebi, S., Moazami, F., Afsa, M., & Zade, M. R. N. (2010). Effect of lengthy root canal therapy sessions on temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles. Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects, 4(3), 95. Full text: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429977/\n 33. Michalowicz, B. S., DiAngelis, A. J., Novak, M. J., Buchanan, W., Papapanou, P. N., Mitchell, D. A., ... & Matseoane, S. (2008). Examining the safety of dental treatment in pregnant women. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 139(6), 685-695. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18519992/\n\n### What to Read Next\n\nCavities\n\n### Tooth Abscess Symptoms, Remedies, Complications & Prevention\n\nA tooth abscess is an infection beneath the root of a tooth caused by\nuntreated cavities, dental trauma, or failed dental work. It is a dental\nemergency.\n\nCavities\n\n### Prevent + Get Rid of Cavities Naturally: 7 Tips from The Dentist\n\nYou CAN prevent and even reverse tooth decay without fillings and root canals.\nThe Dentist uses 30 years of experience & science to explain how & what to do.\n\nCold Sores\n\n### Cold Sores: Pictures, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments\n\nCold sores (fever blisters, herpes labialis, or oral herpes) are caused by the\nherpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and cause painful blisters on or around the\nmouth.\n\nOil Pulling\n\n### Oil Pulling: Benefits, Risks & How to Oil Pull\n\nOil pulling is an ancient Ayurvedic practice that may be beneficial to your\noral health. We separate fact from fiction to find what oil pulling can and\ncan't do.\n\nCavities\n\n### Dental Sealants: What are they, are they safe, and do they work?\n\nDental sealants are a thin coating used to cover grooves in molars and\npremolars around ages 6 and 12 to prevent decay in teeth prone to cavities.\n\n###### About\n\n * Who We Are\n * Contact\n * Interview Dr. Burhenne\n\n###### Resources\n\n * Find A Dentist\n * Use This, Not That\n * 10 Things Your Dentist Probably Isn't Telling You\n\n###### For Dentists\n\n * Fx Dentistry Weekly\n * Teledentistry Quick Start Guide\n\n###### eBooks\n\n * Reversing Cavities Naturally\n * Cavity-Free Kids\n * The 8-Hour Sleep Paradox\n\n###### Favorite Products\n\n * Best Toothpaste\n * Best Toothbrushes\n * Water Filters\n\n###### Recipes\n\n * Retainer Cleaner\n * DIY Toothpaste Recipe\n * Kids' Toothpaste Recipe\n * Turmeric Whitening Paste\n\n###### Top Q&A\n\n * What's The Best Whitening Toothpaste?\n * Do Certain Toothpastes Cause Canker Sores?\n * What's The Best Mouthwash For Bad Breath?\n * Are Red Spots On My Baby's Gums Normal?\n * Can You Get Gum Disease From Kissing?\n * Can Wisdom Teeth Surgery Cause A Thinning Of The Face?\n * Why Am I Getting Cavities All Of A Sudden?\n * What Should I Do If I Haven't Been To The Dentist Forever?\n * How Much Will My Dental Implants Cost?\n\nCopyright © 2012–2021 Ask the Dentist. 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Before implementing any information we provide to you, you should\nseek advice from a licensed medical professional.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.deardoctor.com/articles/root-canal-treatment-step-by-step/page2.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501022454/https://www.deardoctor.com/articles/root-canal-treatment-step-by-step/page2.php", "parsed_text": { "title": "Endodontic (Root Canal) Treatment Step By Step", "passages": [ "Preliminary treatment to remove the decay and the source of infection of the pulp is necessary, along with a determination of whether the lost tooth structure can be restored. If a fracture of the tooth has reached the pulp, or infection is associated with gum disease, it could be more difficult, if not impossible, to save the tooth.", "Local anesthesia is administered via injections to numb the tooth to be treated and the surrounding tissues. If the pulp in a tooth is acutely inflamed, and therefore very painful, it may take a while to get it numb, but your dentist will not start the treatment until it is.", "A dental dam — a thin sheet of rubber or vinyl — will be placed over the affected and adjacent teeth. The tooth undergoing treatment protrudes through a hole punched in the dam, isolating it from the rest of the mouth. This allows the root canal treatment to be carried out in a sterile environment free from contamination by bacteria found in saliva or the rest of the mouth.", "A small access hole is drilled through the biting surface of an affected back tooth or from behind a front tooth, allowing access to the pulp chamber and root canals for treatment.", "The diseased and dead pulp tissue is removed from the tooth with specially designed instruments used to clean out the root canals and pulp chamber. This is not painful; the area is numb and the tissue being removed is either dead or dying. Once the pulp, along with the nerves contained in it, is removed, the tooth itself can no longer feel pain.", "The canals are then shaped with tiny flexible instruments to allow them to receive root canal fillings and sealers. The canals are washed and cleaned again to remove root canal debris prior to sealing them.", "Root canal fillings are selected that will exactly fit into the freshly prepared canals. Usually a rubber-like material called gutta-percha is used to fill the canal space. It is a thermoplastic material (“thermo” – heat; “plastic” – to shape), which literally is heated and then compressed into and against the walls of the root canals to seal them. Together with adhesive cement called a sealer, the gutta-percha fills the prepared canal space. Sealing the canals is critically important to prevent them from becoming reinfected with bacteria.", "A temporary or permanent filling material will then be placed to seal the access hole that was made to treat the canals, and the dental dam is removed. If the tooth lacks sufficient structure to hold a restoration (filling) in place, the dentist or endodontist may place a post (either metal or a very strong plastic) in one of the canals inside the tooth to help retain it.", "Root canal filling material (gutta percha) is placed in the canals and the tooth is sealed with a temporary filling to protect it from contamination. Then a crown is usually placed over the tooth to seal and protect it from recontamination and future damage.", "After the procedure, an antibiotic may be prescribed to treat or prevent infection. Be sure to follow the instructions of your dentist or endodontist carefully. After-effects of treatment are minimal, generally lasting from a couple of days to about a week. It is normal to have some minor discomfort after treatment including slight soreness that can usually be managed with over-the-counter (aspirin, ibuprofen) medications or prescription (codeine- type) drugs, or a combination of the two.", "Your tooth will need a permanent restoration — a filling or a crown — to replace lost tooth structure, and provide a complete seal to the top of the tooth. Your endodontist will send you back to your general dentist to determine which type of restoration is best for you. This step is of particular importance since many studies show that if the filled root canals are recontaminated with bacteria from the mouth, there could be a recurrence of infection around the tooth.", "Almost like the root system of a plant, the root canals of a tooth have a main branch and many smaller side branches, and the whole system needs to be sealed during root canal treatment to be successful long term. Since root canals are very small spaces, they require a great deal of precision and care to treat well. Therefore, most endodontists today use state-of-the-art technology including digital (radiographic) imaging to diagnose root canal problems, and after treatment to verify that the canals are properly sealed; ultrasonic instrumentation to remove old canal fillings and posts and clean canals; and operating microscopes to accurately locate, visualize and seal root canal systems; it really is quite high-tech.", "I have found that people who are nervous tend to lack information about endodontic (root canal) treatment; knowledge gives them the power to understand what's to come and to eliminate their fears. I hope that this step- by-step explanation will alleviate any apprehension. Root canal treatment really does relieve pain, not cause it — and saves teeth.", "DearDoctor.com is the home of Dear Doctor - Dentistry & Oral Health, a dental magazine written exclusively by dental health care professionals for the education and well-being of you, the general public. We will provide you with information that is accurate, authoritative, and trustworthy on all aspects of dentistry.", "Disclaimer - This website does not engage in any medical services nor does it provide medical advice. Dear Doctor, its employees and its Editorial Advisory Board do not endorse any of the procedures or technologies presented on this site. No action should be taken based upon the contents of this website; instead please consult with your dental professional." ] }, "parsed_md": "Endodontic (Root Canal) Treatment Step By Step\n\nMenu\n\n * About Dear Doctor\n * Dental Magazine\n * Dental Videos\n * Smile Makeover\n * Subscribe\n * Contact Us\n\n# A Step-By-Step Guide To Root Canal Treatment\n\n## Endodontic Care Doesn't Cause Pain — It Relieves It!\n\nBy Dr. Robert S. Roda\n\nThis article is endorsed by the\n\n(Continued)\n\n### Endodontic (Root Canal) Treatment, Step By Step\n\nPreliminary treatment to remove the decay and the source of infection of the\npulp is necessary, along with a determination of whether the lost tooth\nstructure can be restored. If a fracture of the tooth has reached the pulp, or\ninfection is associated with gum disease, it could be more difficult, if not\nimpossible, to save the tooth.\n\nThe general sequence of a root canal procedure is as follows:\n\n### Step 1\n\nLocal anesthesia is administered via injections to numb the tooth to be\ntreated and the surrounding tissues. If the pulp in a tooth is acutely\ninflamed, and therefore very painful, it may take a while to get it numb, but\nyour dentist will not start the treatment until it is.\n\n### Step 2\n\nDental dam in place, used to isolate infected tooth from the rest of mouth to\nfacilitate root canal treatment. \n--- \n \nA dental dam — a thin sheet of rubber or vinyl — will be placed over the\naffected and adjacent teeth. The tooth undergoing treatment protrudes through\na hole punched in the dam, isolating it from the rest of the mouth. This\nallows the root canal treatment to be carried out in a sterile environment\nfree from contamination by bacteria found in saliva or the rest of the mouth.\n\n### Step 3\n\nA small access hole is drilled through the biting surface of an affected back\ntooth or from behind a front tooth, allowing access to the pulp chamber and\nroot canals for treatment.\n\n### Step 4\n\nThe diseased and dead pulp tissue is removed from the tooth with specially\ndesigned instruments used to clean out the root canals and pulp chamber. This\nis not painful; the area is numb and the tissue being removed is either dead\nor dying. Once the pulp, along with the nerves contained in it, is removed,\nthe tooth itself can no longer feel pain.\n\n### Step 5\n\nThe canals are disinfected with antiseptic and antibacterial solutions.\n\n### Step 6\n\nThe canals are then shaped with tiny flexible instruments to allow them to\nreceive root canal fillings and sealers. The canals are washed and cleaned\nagain to remove root canal debris prior to sealing them.\n\n### Step 7\n\nRoot canal fillings are selected that will exactly fit into the freshly\nprepared canals. Usually a rubber-like material called gutta-percha is used to\nfill the canal space. It is a thermoplastic material (“thermo” – heat;\n“plastic” – to shape), which literally is heated and then compressed into and\nagainst the walls of the root canals to seal them. Together with adhesive\ncement called a sealer, the gutta-percha fills the prepared canal space.\nSealing the canals is critically important to prevent them from becoming\nreinfected with bacteria.\n\n### Step 8\n\nA temporary or permanent filling material will then be placed to seal the\naccess hole that was made to treat the canals, and the dental dam is removed.\nIf the tooth lacks sufficient structure to hold a restoration (filling) in\nplace, the dentist or endodontist may place a post (either metal or a very\nstrong plastic) in one of the canals inside the tooth to help retain it.\n\n### Step 9\n\nRoot canal filling material (gutta percha) is placed in the canals and the\ntooth is sealed with a temporary filling to protect it from contamination.\nThen a crown is usually placed over the tooth to seal and protect it from\nrecontamination and future damage. \n--- \n \nAfter the procedure, an antibiotic may be prescribed to treat or prevent\ninfection. Be sure to follow the instructions of your dentist or endodontist\ncarefully. After-effects of treatment are minimal, generally lasting from a\ncouple of days to about a week. It is normal to have some minor discomfort\nafter treatment including slight soreness that can usually be managed with\nover-the-counter (aspirin, ibuprofen) medications or prescription (codeine-\ntype) drugs, or a combination of the two.\n\n### Step 10\n\nYour tooth will need a permanent restoration — a filling or a crown — to\nreplace lost tooth structure, and provide a complete seal to the top of the\ntooth. Your endodontist will send you back to your general dentist to\ndetermine which type of restoration is best for you. This step is of\nparticular importance since many studies show that if the filled root canals\nare recontaminated with bacteria from the mouth, there could be a recurrence\nof infection around the tooth.\n\n### Knowledge Is Power\n\nAlmost like the root system of a plant, the root canals of a tooth have a main\nbranch and many smaller side branches, and the whole system needs to be sealed\nduring root canal treatment to be successful long term. Since root canals are\nvery small spaces, they require a great deal of precision and care to treat\nwell. Therefore, most endodontists today use state-of-the-art technology\nincluding digital (radiographic) imaging to diagnose root canal problems, and\nafter treatment to verify that the canals are properly sealed; ultrasonic\ninstrumentation to remove old canal fillings and posts and clean canals; and\noperating microscopes to accurately locate, visualize and seal root canal\nsystems; it really is quite high-tech.\n\nI have found that people who are nervous tend to lack information about\nendodontic (root canal) treatment; knowledge gives them the power to\nunderstand what's to come and to eliminate their fears. I hope that this step-\nby-step explanation will alleviate any apprehension. Root canal treatment\nreally does relieve pain, not cause it — and saves teeth.\n\n‹ Prev 1 2\n\nReview Date: 5/1/2013 Authored By: Dr. Robert S. Roda Reviewed By: Dr. Garry\nA. Rayant, Editor-in-Chief, Dear Doctor, Inc.\n\nDental Magazine | Dental Videos | Cosmetic Dentistry | Smile Makeover |\nArticles | Subscribe | Contact Us Are you a Dental Professional? |\n845-765-2310 | info@deardoctor.com | Advertising | Dental Blog Copyright ©\n2021 Dear Doctor, Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy\n\nDearDoctor.com is the home of Dear Doctor - Dentistry & Oral Health, a dental\nmagazine written exclusively by dental health care professionals for the\neducation and well-being of you, the general public. We will provide you with\ninformation that is accurate, authoritative, and trustworthy on all aspects of\ndentistry.\n\nDisclaimer - This website does not engage in any medical services nor does it\nprovide medical advice. Dear Doctor, its employees and its Editorial Advisory\nBoard do not endorse any of the procedures or technologies presented on this\nsite. No action should be taken based upon the contents of this website;\ninstead please consult with your dental professional. \n \n---\n\n" } ]
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How To Straight Lace Shoes
To straight lace shoes easily, lace the two eyelets at the front of the shoe first. Then, run the right side of the lace under the eyelets and pull it up through the right eyelet closest to the ankle. Next, take the left side of the lace up through the bottom of the second eyelet on the left, and then down through the second eyelet on the right. After that, take the lace up through the next eyelet on the right and repeat the process until the shoe is laced.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20211122055935/https://www.fieggen.com/shoelace/hiddenknotlacing.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160421070144/http://www.menswear-market.com:80/2012/06/16/how-to-bar-lacing-your-dress-shoes/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210813043611/https://fieggen.com/shoelace/straightbarlacing.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211021174754/https://www.fieggen.com/shoelace/straighteasylacing.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006063415/https://menswear-market.com/blog/how-to-bar-lace-dress-shoes/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.fieggen.com/shoelace/hiddenknotlacing.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211122055935/https://www.fieggen.com/shoelace/hiddenknotlacing.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ian's Shoelace Site – Hidden Knot Lacing", "passages": [ "A variation of Straight Bar Lacing with the knot hidden on the inside, resulting in a distinctive look for trendy shoes or dress shoes alike.", "• Alternate running up on the inside and across on the outside until the ends meet between the top eyelet and second eyelet from the top.", "• Carefully tie the knot inside the shoe at that point. This can either be tied with a Standard Shoelace Knot or with a simpler knot like a Reef Knot (as shown in the diagram above).", "• The right (yellow) end runs straight up on the inside, skipping one eyelet and feeding out two eyelets higher up.", "• The left (blue) end runs straight across on the outside, then straight back on the inside before tucking under the previous vertical shoelace segment (similar to the tucked segments of Ladder Lacing).", "• The left (blue) end then continues straight up on the inside, skipping one eyelet and feeding out two eyelets higher up.", "• The right (yellow) end runs straight across on the outside, then straight up on the inside, skipping one eyelet and feeding out two eyelets higher up.", "• Both ends continue straight up on the inside, each skipping one eyelet and feeding out two eyelets higher up.", "• Alternate running across on the outside and up on the inside until the ends meet between the top eyelet and second eyelet from the top.", "• Carefully tie the knot inside the shoe at that point. This can either be tied with a Standard Shoelace Knot or with a simpler knot like a Reef Knot (as shown in the diagram above).", "• Any discomfort that may be caused by the knot and loose ends being tucked into the shoe can be reduced by positioning the knot towards the outer side of the foot.", "• If you will be slipping the shoes on and off rather than tying and untying each time, Lace Anchors can be used to permanently secure the ends instead of tying a knot.", "Hidden Knot Lacing only works neatly on shoes with even numbers of eyelet pairs (eg. 8 pairs = 16 eyelets). This is because the shoelace must cross the shoe an even number of times so that the ends will meet and can be tied together.", "On shoes with an odd number of eyelet pairs (eg. 7 pairs = 14 eyelets), a workaround is needed so that the ends still meet. The “across and back” workaround (shown above) is probably the best compromise in terms of retaining the overall look plus allowing a regular knot.", "Like other straight lacing methods, Hidden Knot Lacing has an additional benefit for sporting or military use: The upper horizontal sections of shoelace can be quickly cut through with a knife or scissors in order to more easily remove a boot from a broken, sprained or otherwise injured ankle or foot.", "Note that most military forces have regulations for just about everything, so I'd recommend that military personnel check before they adopt this – or any other – possible non-regulation lacing method!", "Pairs of eyelets:| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8 ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- Length needed:| 63 cm 25 inch| 76 cm 30 inch| 80 cm 31 inch| 93 cm 37 inch| 96 cm 38 inch| 109 cm 43 inch| 112 cm 44 inch Lengths available:| 27\"| 27\"| 27\"| 36\"| 36\"| 45\"| 45\"", "NOTE: These are approximate shoelace lengths for using this lacing on an average sized sneaker. For more accurate lengths, use the Shoelace Length Calculator.", "As mentioned above, Hidden Knot Lacing only works correctly on shoes with even numbers of eyelet pairs. Here's several common workarounds for shoes with odd numbers of eyelet pairs, using sample diagrams with seven pairs of eyelets.", "This first diagram shows how the ends don't meet naturally, instead ending up diagonally opposite each other. This defeats the whole concept of this lacing, in which the ends are intended to be tied at the side of the shoe where the knot can't be seen.", "As shown in more detail in the main lacing diagram above, the second-from- bottom straight section runs straight across from left-to-right (on the outside), then right-to-left (on the inside), tucking under the vertical section on the left side. Contributed by Jeremy J.", "Start straight across the bottom with the ends feeding in through both bottom eyelets, then run one end back across the bottom and in through the same eyelet as the other end. Both ends are now feeding in through the same bottom eyelet (in this example, the bottom-right). Contributed by Dan S.", "Use a single diagonal somewhere in the lacing, such as shown here at the very bottom. Near the middle, a diagonal may be positioned to line up with and run through a tongue centering loop (if the shoe has one).", "Instead of trying to hide a single diagonal, this alternative makes a feature out of a single crossover, similar to the look of Roman Lacing.", "Like a squashed version of the above “One Crossover” variation, both ends run straight across one pair of eyelets and feed a second time through the opposite eyelets. Being near the bottom, any difficulty with tightening or loosening this section is not so noticeable as the shoe doesn't need to open wide at that point.", "All of the above odd workarounds are laced normally through an even number of eyelet pairs, then something is added that may be either visually or functionally awkward. An alternative is to not add anything – instead leaving either the top or the bottom pair of eyelets empty, or even to skip one pair of eyelets somewhere in the middle of the lacing.", "Finally, if you're prepared to cut your shoelaces, the two portions can be anchored diagonally opposite each other at the bottom of the shoe, either with simple stopper knots or using Lace Anchors.", "Note that the two “half” shoelaces should be different lengths. Use the calculations for Half & Half Straight Bar Lacing in the Shoelace Length Calculator.", "The first shoe came out perfectly, and I did make one modification doing the second shoe: I started from the toe, rather than the bottom of the shoe. It looks so great. ...", "I ended up just tying the knot and cutting off the remaining laces because they were so long that if I tucked them in anywhere it would be uncomfortable, so now they just look badass and are comfy. Anyways, I'm starting high school next week and I'm pretty sure people will be like “wow, that kid is so hardcore” just because of my shoe laces haha.", "I like the Hidden Knot Lacing style but the ends of the shoelaces where bugging me. The trick i found for this was tucking the shoe laces under the soul of the shoe. Just thought I'd stick my findings out there lol.", "i tried your Hidden Knot method to tie my Adidas shoes and i must say i just LOVE it. it's realy great. i've been wearing Vans shoes for years now and i always wondered how people manage to do this.", "Your website made the hidden knot a breeze. I was almost able to do the second shoe without looking. My 9 yr old son has received many compliments on his laces, as that is the popular way for skateboarders to wear them.", "I like the way that the knots are completely hidden from view and I still find the shoes to be comfortable with no discomfort at all." ] }, "parsed_md": "Ian's Shoelace Site – Hidden Knot Lacing\n\n * Lacing\n\n * LACING\n * Shoe Lacing Methods\n * Bi-Color Methods\n * Lug Lacing Methods\n * U-Lace Methods\n * Create-a-Lace\n * 2 Trillion Methods?\n * Lacing Comparison\n * Lacing Ratings\n * Lacing Photos\n * Tying\n\n * TYING\n * Shoelace Knots\n * The “Granny Knot”\n * Knot Variations\n * Untying Shoes\n * Knot Comparison\n * Knot Ratings\n * Learn\n\n * LEARN\n * Shoelace Construction\n * Shoelace Lengths\n * Shoelace Tips (“Aglets”)\n * Shoelace Reviews\n * Interviews & Articles\n * Tips & Hints\n * Questions & Answers\n * As Seen In...\n * Shoelace Links\n * About\n\n * ABOUT\n * About This Site\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n * This Site's Sponsors\n * Support This Site\n * Linking To This Site\n * About Ian\n * Contact Ian\n * Connect\n\n * CONNECT\n * Contact Ian (e-mail)\n * YouTube (videos)\n * Instagram (photos)\n * Gfycat (animations)\n * Twitter (updates)\n * Facebook (updates)\n * RSS Feed (updates)\n * Search\n\n * SEARCH\n\n * Lacing Shoes\n * Lacing Methods\n * Hidden Knot\n\n# Hidden Knot Lacing\n\nA variation of Straight Bar Lacing with the knot hidden on the inside,\nresulting in a distinctive look for trendy shoes or dress shoes alike.\n\n * Variation 1\n\nDiagram for 8 pairs of eyelets\n\nPairs\n\n8\n\n7\n\n6\n\n5\n\n4\n\nStep\n\n9\n\n8\n\n7\n\n6\n\n5\n\n4\n\n3\n\n2\n\n1\n\n0\n\nTo activate controls, please enable JavaScript\n\n### Lacing Technique – Variation 1 – for even numbers of eyelet pairs\n\n• Begin straight across on the outside (grey section) and in through the\nbottom eyelets.\n\n• The left (blue) end runs straight up on the inside, then straight across on\nthe outside.\n\n• Both ends run straight up on the inside, each skipping one eyelet and\nemerging two eyelets higher up.\n\n• Both ends continue straight across on the outside and in through the\nadjacent eyelets.\n\n• Alternate running up on the inside and across on the outside until the ends\nmeet between the top eyelet and second eyelet from the top.\n\n• Carefully tie the knot inside the shoe at that point. This can either be\ntied with a Standard Shoelace Knot or with a simpler knot like a Reef Knot (as\nshown in the diagram above).\n\n• Finally, tuck the ends into the shoe.\n\n### Lacing Technique – Variation 2 – for odd numbers of eyelet pairs\n\n• Begin straight across on the outside (grey section) and in through the\nbottom eyelets.\n\n• The left (blue) end runs straight up on the inside and out through the next\nhigher eyelet.\n\n• The right (yellow) end runs straight up on the inside, skipping one eyelet\nand feeding out two eyelets higher up.\n\n• The left (blue) end runs straight across on the outside, then straight back\non the inside before tucking under the previous vertical shoelace segment\n(similar to the tucked segments of Ladder Lacing).\n\n• The left (blue) end then continues straight up on the inside, skipping one\neyelet and feeding out two eyelets higher up.\n\n• The right (yellow) end runs straight across on the outside, then straight up\non the inside, skipping one eyelet and feeding out two eyelets higher up.\n\n• Both ends run straight across on the outside and in through the adjacent\neyelets.\n\n• Both ends continue straight up on the inside, each skipping one eyelet and\nfeeding out two eyelets higher up.\n\n• Alternate running across on the outside and up on the inside until the ends\nmeet between the top eyelet and second eyelet from the top.\n\n• Carefully tie the knot inside the shoe at that point. This can either be\ntied with a Standard Shoelace Knot or with a simpler knot like a Reef Knot (as\nshown in the diagram above).\n\n• Finally, tuck the ends into the shoe.\n\n### Variations\n\n• Variation 1 is for shoes with even numbers of eyelet pairs.\n\n• Variation 2 is for shoes with odd numbers of eyelet pairs (see details\nbelow).\n\n### Features\n\nDistinctive look\n\nTricky to tie knot\n\nSlight discomfort\n\n28% longer ends (approx.)\n\n### Notes\n\n• Any discomfort that may be caused by the knot and loose ends being tucked\ninto the shoe can be reduced by positioning the knot towards the outer side of\nthe foot.\n\n• If you will be slipping the shoes on and off rather than tying and untying\neach time, Lace Anchors can be used to permanently secure the ends instead of\ntying a knot.\n\n### Odd Eyelet Pairs Limitation\n\nHidden Knot Lacing only works neatly on shoes with even numbers of eyelet\npairs (eg. 8 pairs = 16 eyelets). This is because the shoelace must cross the\nshoe an even number of times so that the ends will meet and can be tied\ntogether.\n\nOn shoes with an odd number of eyelet pairs (eg. 7 pairs = 14 eyelets), a\nworkaround is needed so that the ends still meet. The “across and back”\nworkaround (shown above) is probably the best compromise in terms of retaining\nthe overall look plus allowing a regular knot.\n\nSee below for several other odd workarounds.\n\n### Sports / Military Advice\n\nLike other straight lacing methods, Hidden Knot Lacing has an additional\nbenefit for sporting or military use: The upper horizontal sections of\nshoelace can be quickly cut through with a knife or scissors in order to more\neasily remove a boot from a broken, sprained or otherwise injured ankle or\nfoot.\n\nNote that most military forces have regulations for just about everything, so\nI'd recommend that military personnel check before they adopt this – or any\nother – possible non-regulation lacing method!\n\n## Hidden Knot Lacing Gallery\n\nUses the “across and back” workaround for seven pairs of eyelets.\n\nNeat look for the dress shoes of an Air Force ROTC Cadet.\n\nEmpty top eyelets expose the logo plus make the shoes easy to slip on and off.\n\nBoth bright colors stand out well against the white sneakers.\n\nMinimal lacing allows more of the Argyle pattern to show through.\n\nBetter shot of Xeozenus' newly laced bright orange Chucks.\n\nAnother photo from John, this time of Hidden Knot Lacing.\n\nGreat idea to hide the knots & loose ends so they don't obscure the pictures.\n\nA hidden knot is the only way to achieve this neat effect.\n\nI wonder if Ian used a hidden Ian Knot?\n\nHover over any image to view details\n\nFor enlargements, please enable JavaScript\n\nMore photos of Hidden Knot Lacing\n\nContribute a photo (via e-mail)\n\nClose window\n\n## Shoelace Lengths for Hidden Knot Lacing\n\nPairs of eyelets:| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8 \n---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \nLength needed:| 63 cm 25 inch| 76 cm 30 inch| 80 cm 31 inch| 93 cm 37 inch| 96\ncm 38 inch| 109 cm 43 inch| 112 cm 44 inch \nLengths available:| 27\"| 27\"| 27\"| 36\"| 36\"| 45\"| 45\" \n \nNOTE: These are approximate shoelace lengths for using this lacing on an\naverage sized sneaker. For more accurate lengths, use the Shoelace Length\nCalculator.\n\n### Comparative Length\n\nShorter shoelaces needed than those for basic Criss Cross Lacing.\n\nLonger ends if existing shoelaces are re-used (+28% on average).\n\nMore details.\n\n## Odd Workarounds\n\nAs mentioned above, Hidden Knot Lacing only works correctly on shoes with even\nnumbers of eyelet pairs. Here's several common workarounds for shoes with odd\nnumbers of eyelet pairs, using sample diagrams with seven pairs of eyelets.\n\n### Ends Don't Meet\n\nThis first diagram shows how the ends don't meet naturally, instead ending up\ndiagonally opposite each other. This defeats the whole concept of this lacing,\nin which the ends are intended to be tied at the side of the shoe where the\nknot can't be seen.\n\n### Across and Back\n\nAs shown in more detail in the main lacing diagram above, the second-from-\nbottom straight section runs straight across from left-to-right (on the\noutside), then right-to-left (on the inside), tucking under the vertical\nsection on the left side. Contributed by Jeremy J.\n\n### Twice Through One Eyelet\n\nStart straight across the bottom with the ends feeding in through both bottom\neyelets, then run one end back across the bottom and in through the same\neyelet as the other end. Both ends are now feeding in through the same bottom\neyelet (in this example, the bottom-right). Contributed by Dan S.\n\n### One Diagonal\n\nUse a single diagonal somewhere in the lacing, such as shown here at the very\nbottom. Near the middle, a diagonal may be positioned to line up with and run\nthrough a tongue centering loop (if the shoe has one).\n\n### One Crossover\n\nInstead of trying to hide a single diagonal, this alternative makes a feature\nout of a single crossover, similar to the look of Roman Lacing.\n\nUnlike the above “One Diagonal” variation, the crossover cannot be placed in\nthe middle of the lacing.\n\n### Double Overlap\n\nLike a squashed version of the above “One Crossover” variation, both ends run\nstraight across one pair of eyelets and feed a second time through the\nopposite eyelets. Being near the bottom, any difficulty with tightening or\nloosening this section is not so noticeable as the shoe doesn't need to open\nwide at that point.\n\n### Skip One Eyelet Pair\n\nAll of the above odd workarounds are laced normally through an even number of\neyelet pairs, then something is added that may be either visually or\nfunctionally awkward. An alternative is to not add anything – instead leaving\neither the top or the bottom pair of eyelets empty, or even to skip one pair\nof eyelets somewhere in the middle of the lacing.\n\n### Cut and Tie Off\n\nFinally, if you're prepared to cut your shoelaces, the two portions can be\nanchored diagonally opposite each other at the bottom of the shoe, either with\nsimple stopper knots or using Lace Anchors.\n\nNote that the two “half” shoelaces should be different lengths. Use the\ncalculations for Half & Half Straight Bar Lacing in the Shoelace Length\nCalculator.\n\n## Visitor Feedback\n\nThe first shoe came out perfectly, and I did make one modification doing the\nsecond shoe: I started from the toe, rather than the bottom of the shoe. It\nlooks so great. ...\n\nI swear, I’m the only 78-year old who knows how to do a hidden knot lace.\n\n– Judy G., Florida, USA, Jun-2019\n\nI ended up just tying the knot and cutting off the remaining laces because\nthey were so long that if I tucked them in anywhere it would be uncomfortable,\nso now they just look badass and are comfy. Anyways, I'm starting high school\nnext week and I'm pretty sure people will be like “wow, that kid is so\nhardcore” just because of my shoe laces haha.\n\n– Brennen M, Aug-2010\n\nI like the Hidden Knot Lacing style but the ends of the shoelaces where\nbugging me. The trick i found for this was tucking the shoe laces under the\nsoul of the shoe. Just thought I'd stick my findings out there lol.\n\n– Isaac H., Nov-2008\n\ni tried your Hidden Knot method to tie my Adidas shoes and i must say i just\nLOVE it. it's realy great. i've been wearing Vans shoes for years now and i\nalways wondered how people manage to do this.\n\n– Alon S., Oct-2008\n\nYour website made the hidden knot a breeze. I was almost able to do the second\nshoe without looking. My 9 yr old son has received many compliments on his\nlaces, as that is the popular way for skateboarders to wear them.\n\n– Wayne K., Oregon, USA, Oct-2008\n\nHidden Knot lacing is awesome. It is absolutely perfect for double tongue\nconverse all stars. And I mean perfect.\n\n– Kyle A, Feb-2007\n\nI like the way that the knots are completely hidden from view and I still find\nthe shoes to be comfortable with no discomfort at all.\n\n– Manny T., California, USA, Dec-2006\n\nIf you'd also like to send feedback, please Contact Ian.\n\n## Rate This Lacing Method\n\nPlease only vote once – multiple votes are removed daily\n\n## Related Links\n\nStraight Bar Lacing\n\nIdentical lacing with a visible knot across the top.\n\nHiking Biking Lacing\n\nInside-out version, which has advantages for hiking or biking.\n\nCreate-a-Lace\n\nView and customize Hidden Knot Lacing using Create-a-Lace.\n\n## Support Ian\n\n * Donate\n * Ian's App\n * Ian's Book\n * Shoelaces\n * Accessories\n * Books\n * Amazon\n\n## Sponsors\n\n * Prev. Page\n * Top\n * Next Page\n\nThis page last updated: 01-Oct-2021. Copyright © 2004-2021 by Ian W. Fieggen.\nAll rights reserved.\n\nWebsite created by Ian Fieggen (aka. “Professor Shoelace”), inventor of the\nIan Knot.\n\nIan's Other Websites: ShoelaceSoftwareGraphicsIanTree\n\n×\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.menswear-market.com:80/2012/06/16/how-to-bar-lacing-your-dress-shoes/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160421070144/http://www.menswear-market.com:80/2012/06/16/how-to-bar-lacing-your-dress-shoes/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Bar Lace Dress Shoes in 6 Easy Steps", "passages": [ "If you’re going for a formal look on your dress shoes, you probably want to use the bar lacing method. Straight lacing creates a cleaner, tidier look than the usual method of criss-cross lacing.", "Bar lacing works best with oxford style dress shoes that have an even number of eyelets, like these Allen Edmonds Park Aves, which have six on each side.", "1. Starting at the bottom, thread the lace through the eyelets, entering in through the top. Make each side of the lace the same exact length.", "2. Thread one lace through the bottom of the first eyelet on the same side, so it comes out the top.", "4. Now, on the same side, skip one eyelet and thread the lace through the bottom of the eyelet after the next one.", "6. With the other shoelace, go through the bottom of the first open eyelet on the same side – then repeat the process until you are at the top.", "Although it sounds complicated, if you use the image above the process is quite simple. This is a very easy method for lacing formal or semi-formal dress shoes." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Bar Lace Dress Shoes in 6 Easy Steps | Menswear Market\n\nMenu\n\nBlog\n\n# How To Bar Lace Your Dress Shoes\n\n * June 16, 2012\n * Robert Sheie\n * Shoes and Accessories\n\n## 6 Easy Steps for Bar Lacing\n\nIf you’re going for a formal look on your dress shoes, whether they’re\nbalmorals or bluchers, you probably want to use the bar lacing method. It\ncreates a much cleaner look than the usual method of criss-cross lacing.\n\nBar lacing works best with dress shoes that have an even number of eyelets,\nlike these Allen Edmonds Park Aves, which have twelve.\n\n### Bar Lacing Step-by-Step Instructions\n\n1\\. Starting at the bottom, thread the lace through the eyelets, entering in\nthrough the top. Make each side of the lace the same exact length.\n\n2\\. Thread one lace through the bottom of the first eyelet on the same side,\nso it comes out the top.\n\n3\\. Go across horizontally, and thread it through the top of the eyelet on the\nopposite side.\n\n4\\. Now, on the same side, skip one eyelet and thread the lace through the\nbottom of the eyelet after the next one.\n\n5\\. Repeat this process until you are at the top.\n\n6\\. With the other shoelace, go through the bottom of the first open eyelet on\nthe same side – then repeat the process until you are at the top.\n\nYou may find it easier to view the diagram. This is a very easy method for\nlacing formal or semi-formal dress shoes.\n\nbar lacing\n\nRelated Posts\n\n#### The Making of A Shoe Valet\n\nOne of our latest projects is a custom cedar shoe valet. Made by a\nmeticulous...\n\n#### How to Get More Wingtip for Less Money\n\nWingtip shoes are like Starbucks, atoms, ninjas and haters; they're\neverywhere. Before you go and...\n\n#### Allen Edmonds Recrafting: Before and After\n\nRecrafting Revives An Old Pair of AE Park Avenues If you've ever bought a\npair...\n\nContact Us\n\nSend questions or comments.\n\n * Allen Edmonds Recrafting: Before and After\n\nGet Exclusive Offers\n\nLearn About Consignment\n\n * Consignment\n * How to Start Selling\n * Preferred Brands\n * Retail Overstock\n\nShop Info\n\n * Customer Support\n * Shipping and Returns\n * Sales Portfolio\n * Blog\n\nCopyright Menswear Market | 1330 Quincy St NE #402, Minneapolis, MN, US, 55413\n| 612-910-1261\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Consignment\n * Start Selling\n * Shop\n * Cart\n * Blog\n * Preferred Brands\n * Contact\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://fieggen.com/shoelace/straightbarlacing.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210813043611/https://fieggen.com/shoelace/straightbarlacing.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ian's Shoelace Site – Straight Bar Lacing", "passages": [ "Horizontal “bars” on the outside with inner, hidden verticals, which looks neat plus relieves pressure on the upper ridge of the foot.", "• At the second-from-top eyelet, run straight across on the outside, then straight back on the inside before tucking under the vertical shoelace segment inside the shoe (similar to the tucked segments of Ladder Lacing).", "Straight Bar Lacing only works neatly on shoes with even numbers of eyelet pairs (eg. 8 pairs = 16 eyelets). This is because the shoelace must cross the shoe an even number of times so that the ends meet in the middle and can be tied together.", "On shoes with an odd number of eyelet pairs (eg. 7 pairs = 14 eyelets), a workaround is needed so that the ends still meet. The “across and back” workaround (shown above) is probably the best compromise in terms of retaining the overall look plus allowing a regular knot.", "Like other straight lacing methods, Straight Bar Lacing has an additional benefit for sporting or military use: The upper horizontal sections of shoelace can be quickly cut through with a knife or scissors in order to more easily remove a boot from a broken, sprained or otherwise injured ankle or foot.", "Note that most military forces have regulations for just about everything, so I'd recommend that military personnel check before they adopt this – or any other – possible non-regulation lacing method!", "Pairs of eyelets:| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8 ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- Length needed:| 63 cm 25 inch| 76 cm 30 inch| 80 cm 31 inch| 93 cm 37 inch| 96 cm 38 inch| 109 cm 43 inch| 112 cm 44 inch Lengths available:| 27\"| 27\"| 27\"| 36\"| 36\"| 45\"| 45\"", "NOTE: These are approximate shoelace lengths for using this lacing on an average sized sneaker. For more accurate lengths, use the Shoelace Length Calculator.", "As mentioned above, Straight Bar Lacing only works neatly on shoes with even numbers of eyelet pairs. Here's several common workarounds for shoes with odd numbers of eyelet pairs, using sample diagrams with seven pairs of eyelets.", "This first diagram shows how the ends don't meet naturally across the top of the shoe. For a quick fix, simply tuck the ends into the shoe diagonally across from each other at the top and second-from-top eyelets.", "For a tighter fit, you could also permanently anchor the ends inside the eyelets, either with simple stopper knots or using Lace Anchors.", "As shown in more detail in the main lacing diagram above, the second-from-top straight section runs straight across from left-to-right (on the outside), then right-to-left (on the inside), tucking under the vertical section on the left side. The inner straight section is fairly well hidden by the outer straight section, especially with flat shoelaces. Contributed by Jeremy J.", "Lace the shoe normally, then at the top of the shoe, both ends emerge through the same top eyelet (in this case, the top-right). Feed one end across and out through the opposite eyelet (in this case, the top-left). When the ends are tied, there will be a double-pass across the top, but this will be fairly well hidden by the shoelace knot. Contributed by Dan S.", "Use a single diagonal somewhere in the lacing. At the top, it's less noticeable due to the loops and loose ends. At the bottom, if can even be run around the inside of the tongue to hide the diagonal, though at the expense of some slight discomfort. Near the middle, a diagonal may be positioned to line up with and run through a tongue centering loop (if the shoe has one).", "Instead of trying to hide a single diagonal, this alternative makes a feature out of a single crossover, similar to the look of Roman Lacing. This crossover can be placed at either the top or bottom of the lacing, but unlike the above “One Diagonal” variation, it cannot be placed in the middle of the lacing.", "Like a squashed version of the above “One Crossover” variation, both ends run straight across one pair of eyelets and feed a second time through the opposite eyelets. Near the top, it's less noticeable due to the loops and loose ends. Near the bottom, any difficulty with tightening or loosening this section is not so noticeable as the shoe doesn't need to open wide at that point.", "Lace normally up to the second pair of eyelets from the top, then finish with a High Lace Lock through the top two pairs of eyelets. Although this doesn't look as neat, it does pull the lacing extra tight.", "All of the above odd workarounds are laced normally through an even number of eyelet pairs, then something is added that may be either visually or functionally awkward. An alternative is to not add anything – instead leaving either the top or the bottom pair of eyelets empty, or even to skip one pair of eyelets somewhere in the middle of the lacing.", "Finally, if you're prepared to cut your shoelaces, the two portions can be anchored diagonally opposite each other at the bottom of the shoe, either with simple stopper knots or using Lace Anchors.", "Note that the two “half” shoelaces should be different lengths. Use the calculations for Half & Half Straight Bar Lacing in the Shoelace Length Calculator.", "It increases flex at my instep on all pairs of my footwear that I use Straight Bar lacing on. It's the most comfortable method I have ever tried. The art of the straight bar went away after the 1970s and now roughly 90% of people do not know about it, ergo its benefits, thus never learning different methods besides the over at the first row of eyelets then under towards the rest of the rows - usually tucking in the laces inside of the shoe (tied/untied), how awful is that for the health of your feet? We need the education to come back. Most people I've seen and heard of have barely any lace to make a knot that's nice and moderate in size and sits neatly on the tongue. I always suggest to straight bar because of the extra lace length for a knot, also increasing flex and overall comfort. It's perfect; best aesthetic, more room for tightening up (while still comfort at maximum tension) unlike other common lacing methods, increases the length of the laces for the knot (allowing current/old pairs of laces to be used, more cost effective/more environmentally friendly), is the classic and historical way of lacing up dress shoes and runners - the list goes on!", "The only downsides to straight bar lacing is having to relearn how to loosen & tighten, and utilising a workaround the user is comfortable with for all pairs with odd numbered eyelet rows.", "I bought too short laces by mistake for my skate shoes, didn't know what to do so I found your lacing guide and went for the straight bar method, it lengthened the laces perfectly and actually more comfortable and better looking.", "Hey Ian, here is a way I used to lace some odd numbered eyelet shoes in the straight method, without having a crossover or anything else that stands out. Apologies if this has already been added or there are any errors in my picture.", "I always had pain in my feet because of the pressure which the Straight European Lacing applied on them. Since I've changed to Straight Bar Lacing, the pain's all gone and my shoes look overall more tidy.", "I also noticed that with this method of lacing you end up with alot more lace at the end, allowing you to tie bigger bows/knots, thus making it less likely your shoe will come undone.", "I have come up with a type of lacing that I don't see on your site that solves a specific problem – straight lacing on a 3-eyelet boot or shoe. It may be adaptable to a shoe with other odd numbers of eyelets as well. I thought you might be interested to add it to your list and make one of the easy-to- understand diagrams of it.", "I have just been distracted from my work, by the arrival of a new pair of canvas low-top converse sneakers from the states. Very pleased with them, I started to lace them up, using a method I now know as “Straight (Fashion) Lacing” - and I tried... and I tried... and it just wouldn't work... So (not keen to get on with my work) I thought I'd try to find out why it wouldn't work... I hit google – and there you are explaining that this method only works on EVEN numbers of eyelets – OH!! I see now! (I have seven)...", "New Balance has had this method on it's website for awhile now as a way of taking pressure off the top of the foot, especially for those with high arches. ...", "It may not work for those who like their shoes to feel as though they fit like a glove. The sensation is of a looser fit, though there is no movement. I think it may just be the fact it feels different, not that it's really any looser.", "Just to tell you, the Straight (Fashion) lacing is the method of lacing [Canadian] Air Cadets use! And I'm an Air Cadet, and I finally found the way of the Straight (Fashion) for the Parade Boots we use.", "I'm aware that not all military is American, and not all American military is the Army, but you may want to note that in the US Army, straight lacing is against regulations for at least the most common type of boot worn, the standard black leather combat boot. I swear, there's a silly regulation for everything. You can read here (http://docs.usapa.belvoir.army.mil/jw2/xmldemo/r670_1/main.asp#p027-3) if you like, but I'll save you the trouble of loading it up....", "c. How worn. (1) The boots are laced diagonally with black laces, with the excess lace tucked into the top of the boot under the bloused trousers or slacks, or wrapped around the top of the boot. [....]", "I had to look it up because I really wanted to try the straight lace, but it looks like I can't, and I don't want other people to get into trouble over it --I'm not sure just how popular your site is, really.", "Btw, you of all people probably already know this, but the Straight (Fashion) lacing is the same as the technique recommended/popularized by Arthur Lydiard, a pioneer in training for runners.", "With an odd number of eyelets, or even with an even number, the straight lacing lends itself well to not tying the laces at all or not having to tie them often. One can simply tie them behind the tounge of the shoe where they remain tied (odd number of eyelets) or they can just tuck them in untied (odd or even), though I prefer the former. With some practice and luck, one can get the shoe to be tight enough on the foot yet loose enough to just slip on and slip off.", "I settled on the straight (fashion) lacing because of how “clean” it looks and because they are on my daily “casual” work shoes, and was surprised at how easy it was (your instructions on the whole site are wonderful).", "I have a different method for straight lacing, which I find to be both practical and fashionable (it eliminates the so called background mess associated with the “European” style if a wide gap is present)." ] }, "parsed_md": "Ian's Shoelace Site – Straight Bar Lacing\n\n * Lacing\n\n * LACING\n * Shoe Lacing Methods\n * Bi-Color Methods\n * Lug Lacing Methods\n * U-Lace Methods\n * Create-a-Lace\n * 2 Trillion Methods?\n * Lacing Comparison\n * Lacing Ratings\n * Lacing Photos\n * Tying\n\n * TYING\n * Shoelace Knots\n * The “Granny Knot”\n * Knot Variations\n * Untying Shoes\n * Knot Comparison\n * Knot Ratings\n * Learn\n\n * LEARN\n * Shoelace Construction\n * Shoelace Lengths\n * Shoelace Tips (“Aglets”)\n * Shoelace Reviews\n * Interviews & Articles\n * Tips & Hints\n * Questions & Answers\n * As Seen In...\n * Shoelace Links\n * About\n\n * ABOUT\n * About This Site\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n * This Site's Sponsors\n * Support This Site\n * Linking To This Site\n * About Ian\n * Contact Ian\n * Connect\n\n * CONNECT\n * Contact Ian (e-mail)\n * YouTube (videos)\n * Instagram (photos)\n * Gfycat (animations)\n * Twitter (updates)\n * Facebook (updates)\n * RSS Feed (updates)\n * Search\n\n * SEARCH\n\n * Lacing Shoes\n * Lacing Methods\n * Straight Bar\n\n# Straight Bar Lacing\n\nHorizontal “bars” on the outside with inner, hidden verticals, which looks\nneat plus relieves pressure on the upper ridge of the foot.\n\n * Variation 1\n\nDiagram for 8 pairs of eyelets\n\nPairs\n\n8\n\n7\n\n6\n\n5\n\n4\n\n3\n\n2\n\nStep\n\n9\n\n8\n\n7\n\n6\n\n5\n\n4\n\n3\n\n2\n\n1\n\n0\n\nTo activate controls, please enable JavaScript\n\n### Lacing Technique – Variation 1 – for even numbers of eyelet pairs\n\n• Begin straight across on the outside (grey section) and in through the\nbottom eyelets.\n\n• The left (blue) end runs straight up on the inside, then straight across on\nthe outside.\n\n• Both ends run straight up on the inside, each skipping one eyelet and\nemerging two eyelets higher up.\n\n• Both ends continue straight across on the outside and in through the\nadjacent eyelets.\n\n• Alternate running up on the inside and across on the outside until lacing is\ncompleted.\n\n### Lacing Technique – Variation 2 – for odd numbers of eyelet pairs\n\n• Begin straight across on the outside (grey section) and in through the\nbottom eyelets.\n\n• The left (blue) end runs straight up on the inside, then straight across on\nthe outside.\n\n• Both ends run straight up on the inside, each skipping one eyelet and\nemerging two eyelets higher up.\n\n• Both ends continue straight across on the outside and in through the\nadjacent eyelets.\n\n• Alternate running up on the inside and across on the outside until one end\nreaches the second-from-top eyelet.\n\n• At the second-from-top eyelet, run straight across on the outside, then\nstraight back on the inside before tucking under the vertical shoelace segment\ninside the shoe (similar to the tucked segments of Ladder Lacing).\n\n• Both ends run straight up on the inside and emerge through the top eyelets.\n\n### Variations\n\n• Variation 1 is for shoes with even numbers of eyelet pairs.\n\n• Variation 2 is for shoes with odd numbers of eyelet pairs (see details\nbelow).\n\n### Features\n\nComfortable\n\nEven no. of eyelets = neat\n\nOdd no. of eyelets = messy\n\n28% longer ends (approx.)\n\n### Notes\n\n• Also referred to as “Lydiard Lacing”, named after the influential running\ncoach Arthur Lydiard.\n\n### Odd Eyelet Pairs Limitation\n\nStraight Bar Lacing only works neatly on shoes with even numbers of eyelet\npairs (eg. 8 pairs = 16 eyelets). This is because the shoelace must cross the\nshoe an even number of times so that the ends meet in the middle and can be\ntied together.\n\nOn shoes with an odd number of eyelet pairs (eg. 7 pairs = 14 eyelets), a\nworkaround is needed so that the ends still meet. The “across and back”\nworkaround (shown above) is probably the best compromise in terms of retaining\nthe overall look plus allowing a regular knot.\n\nSee below for several other odd workarounds.\n\n### Sports / Military Advice\n\nLike other straight lacing methods, Straight Bar Lacing has an additional\nbenefit for sporting or military use: The upper horizontal sections of\nshoelace can be quickly cut through with a knife or scissors in order to more\neasily remove a boot from a broken, sprained or otherwise injured ankle or\nfoot.\n\nNote that most military forces have regulations for just about everything, so\nI'd recommend that military personnel check before they adopt this – or any\nother – possible non-regulation lacing method!\n\n## Straight Bar Lacing Gallery\n\nUses the “across and back” workaround for seven pairs of eyelets.\n\nUses the “one crossover” workaround for seven pairs of eyelets.\n\nClean, comfortable lacing on these boots.\n\nCare has been taken to orient all the rainbows the same way.\n\nFive eyelet pairs required a single diagonal section at top.\n\nLast of three different lacing methods from Carter.\n\nSide view gives a glimpse of the inner sections.\n\nThese wide shoes really show off any lacing method.\n\nThese bows are sitting crooked, which may be fixed Here.\n\nThe white shoelaces contrast well against the bright red.\n\nHover over any image to view details\n\nFor enlargements, please enable JavaScript\n\nMore photos of Straight Bar Lacing\n\nContribute a photo (via e-mail)\n\nClose window\n\n## Straight Bar Lacing Video\n\nWatch video here\n\nWatch on YouTube\n\n## Shoelace Lengths for Straight Bar Lacing\n\nPairs of eyelets:| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8 \n---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \nLength needed:| 63 cm 25 inch| 76 cm 30 inch| 80 cm 31 inch| 93 cm 37 inch| 96\ncm 38 inch| 109 cm 43 inch| 112 cm 44 inch \nLengths available:| 27\"| 27\"| 27\"| 36\"| 36\"| 45\"| 45\" \n \nNOTE: These are approximate shoelace lengths for using this lacing on an\naverage sized sneaker. For more accurate lengths, use the Shoelace Length\nCalculator.\n\n### Comparative Length\n\nShorter shoelaces needed than those for basic Criss Cross Lacing.\n\nLonger ends if existing shoelaces are re-used (+28% on average).\n\nMore details.\n\n## Odd Workarounds\n\nAs mentioned above, Straight Bar Lacing only works neatly on shoes with even\nnumbers of eyelet pairs. Here's several common workarounds for shoes with odd\nnumbers of eyelet pairs, using sample diagrams with seven pairs of eyelets.\n\n### Ends Tucked In\n\nThis first diagram shows how the ends don't meet naturally across the top of\nthe shoe. For a quick fix, simply tuck the ends into the shoe diagonally\nacross from each other at the top and second-from-top eyelets.\n\nFor a tighter fit, you could also permanently anchor the ends inside the\neyelets, either with simple stopper knots or using Lace Anchors.\n\n### Across and Back\n\nAs shown in more detail in the main lacing diagram above, the second-from-top\nstraight section runs straight across from left-to-right (on the outside),\nthen right-to-left (on the inside), tucking under the vertical section on the\nleft side. The inner straight section is fairly well hidden by the outer\nstraight section, especially with flat shoelaces. Contributed by Jeremy J.\n\n### Twice Through One Eyelet\n\nLace the shoe normally, then at the top of the shoe, both ends emerge through\nthe same top eyelet (in this case, the top-right). Feed one end across and out\nthrough the opposite eyelet (in this case, the top-left). When the ends are\ntied, there will be a double-pass across the top, but this will be fairly well\nhidden by the shoelace knot. Contributed by Dan S.\n\n### One Diagonal\n\nUse a single diagonal somewhere in the lacing. At the top, it's less\nnoticeable due to the loops and loose ends. At the bottom, if can even be run\naround the inside of the tongue to hide the diagonal, though at the expense of\nsome slight discomfort. Near the middle, a diagonal may be positioned to line\nup with and run through a tongue centering loop (if the shoe has one).\n\n### One Crossover\n\nInstead of trying to hide a single diagonal, this alternative makes a feature\nout of a single crossover, similar to the look of Roman Lacing. This crossover\ncan be placed at either the top or bottom of the lacing, but unlike the above\n“One Diagonal” variation, it cannot be placed in the middle of the lacing.\n\n### Double Overlap\n\nLike a squashed version of the above “One Crossover” variation, both ends run\nstraight across one pair of eyelets and feed a second time through the\nopposite eyelets. Near the top, it's less noticeable due to the loops and\nloose ends. Near the bottom, any difficulty with tightening or loosening this\nsection is not so noticeable as the shoe doesn't need to open wide at that\npoint.\n\n### Combine with Lock Lacing\n\nLace normally up to the second pair of eyelets from the top, then finish with\na High Lace Lock through the top two pairs of eyelets. Although this doesn't\nlook as neat, it does pull the lacing extra tight.\n\nSee the Lock Lacing page for more information.\n\n### Skip One Eyelet Pair\n\nAll of the above odd workarounds are laced normally through an even number of\neyelet pairs, then something is added that may be either visually or\nfunctionally awkward. An alternative is to not add anything – instead leaving\neither the top or the bottom pair of eyelets empty, or even to skip one pair\nof eyelets somewhere in the middle of the lacing.\n\n### Cut and Tie Off\n\nFinally, if you're prepared to cut your shoelaces, the two portions can be\nanchored diagonally opposite each other at the bottom of the shoe, either with\nsimple stopper knots or using Lace Anchors.\n\nNote that the two “half” shoelaces should be different lengths. Use the\ncalculations for Half & Half Straight Bar Lacing in the Shoelace Length\nCalculator.\n\n## Gallery of Odd Workarounds\n\n## Visitor Feedback\n\nIt increases flex at my instep on all pairs of my footwear that I use Straight\nBar lacing on. It's the most comfortable method I have ever tried. The art of\nthe straight bar went away after the 1970s and now roughly 90% of people do\nnot know about it, ergo its benefits, thus never learning different methods\nbesides the over at the first row of eyelets then under towards the rest of\nthe rows - usually tucking in the laces inside of the shoe (tied/untied), how\nawful is that for the health of your feet? We need the education to come back.\nMost people I've seen and heard of have barely any lace to make a knot that's\nnice and moderate in size and sits neatly on the tongue. I always suggest to\nstraight bar because of the extra lace length for a knot, also increasing flex\nand overall comfort. It's perfect; best aesthetic, more room for tightening up\n(while still comfort at maximum tension) unlike other common lacing methods,\nincreases the length of the laces for the knot (allowing current/old pairs of\nlaces to be used, more cost effective/more environmentally friendly), is the\nclassic and historical way of lacing up dress shoes and runners - the list\ngoes on!\n\nThe only downsides to straight bar lacing is having to relearn how to loosen &\ntighten, and utilising a workaround the user is comfortable with for all pairs\nwith odd numbered eyelet rows.\n\n– Sam, Australia, Jun-2021\n\nI bought too short laces by mistake for my skate shoes, didn't know what to do\nso I found your lacing guide and went for the straight bar method, it\nlengthened the laces perfectly and actually more comfortable and better\nlooking.\n\n– David W., UK, Jul-2013\n\nHey Ian, here is a way I used to lace some odd numbered eyelet shoes in the\nstraight method, without having a crossover or anything else that stands out.\nApologies if this has already been added or there are any errors in my\npicture.\n\n(Dan contributed the “Twice Through One Eyelet” workaround.)\n\n– Dan S., USA, Jul-2008\n\nI always had pain in my feet because of the pressure which the Straight\nEuropean Lacing applied on them. Since I've changed to Straight Bar Lacing,\nthe pain's all gone and my shoes look overall more tidy.\n\n– Alex M., Kall, Germany, May-2008\n\nI also noticed that with this method of lacing you end up with alot more lace\nat the end, allowing you to tie bigger bows/knots, thus making it less likely\nyour shoe will come undone.\n\n– Rob S., UK, Nov-2006\n\nI have come up with a type of lacing that I don't see on your site that solves\na specific problem – straight lacing on a 3-eyelet boot or shoe. It may be\nadaptable to a shoe with other odd numbers of eyelets as well. I thought you\nmight be interested to add it to your list and make one of the easy-to-\nunderstand diagrams of it.\n\n(Jeremy contributed the “Across and Back” workaround.)\n\n– Jeremy J., styleforum.net admin, USA, Dec-2005\n\nI have just been distracted from my work, by the arrival of a new pair of\ncanvas low-top converse sneakers from the states. Very pleased with them, I\nstarted to lace them up, using a method I now know as “Straight (Fashion)\nLacing” - and I tried... and I tried... and it just wouldn't work... So (not\nkeen to get on with my work) I thought I'd try to find out why it wouldn't\nwork... I hit google – and there you are explaining that this method only\nworks on EVEN numbers of eyelets – OH!! I see now! (I have seven)...\n\n– Nick, London, UK, Jun-2005\n\nNew Balance has had this method on it's website for awhile now as a way of\ntaking pressure off the top of the foot, especially for those with high\narches. ...\n\nIt may not work for those who like their shoes to feel as though they fit like\na glove. The sensation is of a looser fit, though there is no movement. I\nthink it may just be the fact it feels different, not that it's really any\nlooser.\n\n– Jim G., Canada, Jan-2005\n\nJust to tell you, the Straight (Fashion) lacing is the method of lacing\n[Canadian] Air Cadets use! And I'm an Air Cadet, and I finally found the way\nof the Straight (Fashion) for the Parade Boots we use.\n\n– Delon R., Canada, Jan-2005\n\nI'm aware that not all military is American, and not all American military is\nthe Army, but you may want to note that in the US Army, straight lacing is\nagainst regulations for at least the most common type of boot worn, the\nstandard black leather combat boot. I swear, there's a silly regulation for\neverything. You can read here\n(http://docs.usapa.belvoir.army.mil/jw2/xmldemo/r670_1/main.asp#p027-3) if you\nlike, but I'll save you the trouble of loading it up....\n\nc. How worn. (1) The boots are laced diagonally with black laces, with the\nexcess lace tucked into the top of the boot under the bloused trousers or\nslacks, or wrapped around the top of the boot. [....]\n\nI had to look it up because I really wanted to try the straight lace, but it\nlooks like I can't, and I don't want other people to get into trouble over it\n--I'm not sure just how popular your site is, really.\n\n– Shannon S., USA, Jan-2005\n\nBtw, you of all people probably already know this, but the Straight (Fashion)\nlacing is the same as the technique recommended/popularized by Arthur Lydiard,\na pioneer in training for runners.\n\n– David M., USA, Sep-2004\n\nWith an odd number of eyelets, or even with an even number, the straight\nlacing lends itself well to not tying the laces at all or not having to tie\nthem often. One can simply tie them behind the tounge of the shoe where they\nremain tied (odd number of eyelets) or they can just tuck them in untied (odd\nor even), though I prefer the former. With some practice and luck, one can get\nthe shoe to be tight enough on the foot yet loose enough to just slip on and\nslip off.\n\n– Oren H., USA, Jun-2004\n\nI settled on the straight (fashion) lacing because of how “clean” it looks and\nbecause they are on my daily “casual” work shoes, and was surprised at how\neasy it was (your instructions on the whole site are wonderful).\n\n– Russell H., Dallas, TX, USA, Feb-2004\n\nI have a different method for straight lacing, which I find to be both\npractical and fashionable (it eliminates the so called background mess\nassociated with the “European” style if a wide gap is present).\n\n– Tyrell P., Dec-2003\n\nIf you'd also like to send feedback, please Contact Ian.\n\n## Rate This Lacing Method\n\nPlease only vote once – multiple votes are removed daily\n\n## Related Links\n\nHidden Knot Lacing\n\nIdentical method except with the knot hidden inside for a neater look.\n\nHiking Biking Lacing\n\nInside-out version, which has advantages for hiking or biking.\n\nStraight Easy Lacing\n\nIdentical looking method with only one end stepping through the eyelets.\n\nEnd Shortening Lacing\n\nIdentical looking method that uses more length and thus “shortens” ends.\n\nLug Straight Bar Lacing\n\nSame lacing method for shoes with lugs instead of eyelets.\n\nCreate-a-Lace\n\nView and customize Straight Bar Lacing using Create-a-Lace.\n\n## Support Ian\n\n * Donate\n * Ian's App\n * Ian's Book\n * Shoelaces\n * Accessories\n * Books\n * Amazon\n\n## Sponsors\n\n * Prev. Page\n * Top\n * Next Page\n\nThis page last updated: 28-Jul-2021. Copyright © 2003-2021 by Ian W. Fieggen.\nAll rights reserved.\n\nWebsite created by Ian Fieggen (aka. “Professor Shoelace”), inventor of the\nIan Knot.\n\nIan's Other Websites: ShoelaceSoftwareGraphicsIanTree\n\n×\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.fieggen.com/shoelace/straighteasylacing.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211021174754/https://www.fieggen.com/shoelace/straighteasylacing.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ian's Shoelace Site – Straight Easy Lacing", "passages": [ "Simplified variation of Straight Bar Lacing where one end runs straight from bottom to top while the other end steps through the eyelets.", "• The right (yellow) end runs straight up on the inside and out through the next higher eyelet, then straight across on the outside and in through the adjacent eyelet on the other side. Repeat until the end reaches the top right eyelet.", "• The right (yellow) end runs straight up on the inside and out through the next higher eyelet, then straight across on the outside and in through the adjacent eyelet on the other side. Repeat until the end reaches the second- from-top eyelet.", "• At the second-from-top eyelet, run straight across on the outside, then straight back on the inside before tucking under the vertical shoelace segment inside the shoe (similar to the tucked segments of Ladder Lacing).", "Just like Straight Bar Lacing, Straight Easy Lacing only works neatly on shoes with even numbers of eyelet pairs (eg. 8 pairs = 16 eyelets). This is because the shoelace must cross the shoe an even number of times so that the ends meet in the middle and can be tied together.", "On shoes with an odd number of eyelet pairs (eg. 7 pairs = 14 eyelets), a workaround is needed so that the ends still meet. The “across and back” workaround (shown above) is probably the best compromise in terms of retaining the overall look plus allowing a regular knot.", "Like other straight lacing methods, Straight Easy Lacing has an additional benefit for sporting or military use: The upper horizontal sections of shoelace can be quickly cut through with a knife or scissors in order to more easily remove a boot from a broken, sprained or otherwise injured ankle or foot.", "• CANADIAN ARMED FORCES DRESS INSTRUCTIONS • Chapter 2: Policy and Appearance • Section 2: Appearance • Subsection 20: Footwear • b: Footwear shall be laced as shown in Figure 2-2-6.", "• Figure 2-2-6 includes variations for 3, 5 or 7 pairs of eyelets, each of which requires an odd workaround, and for which the One Diagonal workaround has been implemented.", "• Figure 2-2-6 also includes a separate “Herring Bone Method” for combat / safety / lineman boots (see CAF Combat Boot Lacing).", "Pairs of eyelets:| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8 ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- Length needed:| 63 cm 25 inch| 76 cm 30 inch| 80 cm 31 inch| 93 cm 37 inch| 96 cm 38 inch| 109 cm 43 inch| 112 cm 44 inch Lengths available:| 27\"| 27\"| 27\"| 36\"| 36\"| 45\"| 45\"", "NOTE: These are approximate shoelace lengths for using this lacing on an average sized sneaker. For more accurate lengths, use the Shoelace Length Calculator.", "As mentioned above, Straight Easy Lacing only works neatly on shoes with even numbers of eyelet pairs. Here's several common workarounds for shoes with odd numbers of eyelet pairs, using sample diagrams with seven pairs of eyelets.", "This first diagram shows the simplest solution for being unable to tie naturally – don't tie the ends at all, instead tucking them into the shoe at the bottom-left and top-right eyelets.", "For a tighter fit, you could also permanently anchor the ends inside the eyelets, either with simple stopper knots or using Lace Anchors.", "As shown in more detail in the main lacing diagram above, the second-from-top straight section runs straight across from right-to-left (on the outside), then left-to-right (on the inside), tucking under the vertical section on the right side. The inner straight section is fairly well hidden by the outer straight section, especially with flat shoelaces. Contributed by Jeremy J.", "Lace the shoe normally, then at the top of the shoe, both ends emerge through the same top eyelet (in this case, the top-left). Feed one end across and out through the opposite eyelet (in this case, the top-right). When the ends are tied, there will be a double-pass across the top, but this will be fairly well hidden by the shoelace knot. Contributed by Dan S.", "Use a single diagonal somewhere in the lacing. At the top, it's less noticeable due to the loops and loose ends. (This is the method favored by the Canadian Military). At the bottom, if can even be run around the inside of the tongue to hide the diagonal, though at the expense of some slight discomfort. Near the middle, a diagonal may be positioned to line up with and run through a tongue centering loop (if the shoe has one).", "Instead of trying to hide a single diagonal, this alternative makes a feature out of a single crossover, similar to the look of Roman Lacing. This crossover can be placed at either the top or bottom of the lacing, but unlike the above “One Diagonal” variation, it cannot be placed in the middle of the lacing.", "Like a squashed version of the above “One Crossover” variation, both ends run straight across one pair of eyelets and feed a second time through the opposite eyelets. Near the top, it's less noticeable due to the loops and loose ends. Near the bottom, any difficulty with tightening or loosening this section is not so noticeable as the shoe doesn't need to open wide at that point.", "Lace normally up to the second pair of eyelets from the top, then finish with a High Lace Lock through the top two pairs of eyelets. Although this doesn't look as neat, it does pull the lacing extra tight.", "All of the above odd workarounds are laced normally through an even number of eyelet pairs, then something is added that may be either visually or functionally awkward. An alternative is to not add anything – instead leaving either the top or the bottom pair of eyelets empty, or even to skip one pair of eyelets somewhere in the middle of the lacing.", "So, I learned Straight Easy Lacing decades ago in a Canadian Reserve training program, and have occasionally thought of using it again. One quick question: Is there any reason that the workaround crossover for odd numbered eyelets couldn't be down at the toe end of the shoe? Seems to me that it would be a bit tidier that way. Anyway, I'm off to find a pair of shoes with an odd number of eyelets to find out.", "Here at Esquire magazine we have been recently charmed and inspired by your shoe lacing website and I wanted to ask your opinion on straight lacing. You call what I would call the conventional Northampton lacing system (one lace end straight up the side and the other doing all the threading) the “lazy” version of straight lacing.", "So is the “lazy” term your nomenclature or is it something you got from elsewhere? Of course its is simple than the other methods but why does that make it lazy?", "I tried the Straight Lazy Lacing (Slightly modified so I can tie the knot on the inside of the shoe, I hate having the knot on the outside), and it seems to be working a lot better. It's not bunching as much, and it's only doing it on one side (The side with the lace going straight up.).", "My Mom called me to tell me she changed her laces and couldn't figgure ot how to re-lace them (straight lazy lacing style). She had tried ALL DAY to figure it out w/out success. I laughed and then surfed the web for cool ways to tie shoes and found your site. My Mom is ecstatic! You're now in her favorite's for websites! She lives in NYC and I live in LA!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Ian's Shoelace Site – Straight Easy Lacing\n\n * Lacing\n\n * LACING\n * Shoe Lacing Methods\n * Bi-Color Methods\n * Lug Lacing Methods\n * U-Lace Methods\n * Create-a-Lace\n * 2 Trillion Methods?\n * Lacing Comparison\n * Lacing Ratings\n * Lacing Photos\n * Tying\n\n * TYING\n * Shoelace Knots\n * The “Granny Knot”\n * Knot Variations\n * Untying Shoes\n * Knot Comparison\n * Knot Ratings\n * Learn\n\n * LEARN\n * Shoelace Construction\n * Shoelace Lengths\n * Shoelace Tips (“Aglets”)\n * Shoelace Reviews\n * Interviews & Articles\n * Tips & Hints\n * Questions & Answers\n * As Seen In...\n * Shoelace Links\n * About\n\n * ABOUT\n * About This Site\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n * This Site's Sponsors\n * Support This Site\n * Linking To This Site\n * About Ian\n * Contact Ian\n * Connect\n\n * CONNECT\n * Contact Ian (e-mail)\n * YouTube (videos)\n * Instagram (photos)\n * Gfycat (animations)\n * Twitter (updates)\n * Facebook (updates)\n * RSS Feed (updates)\n * Search\n\n * SEARCH\n\n * Lacing Shoes\n * Lacing Methods\n * Straight Easy\n\n# Straight Easy Lacing\n\nSimplified variation of Straight Bar Lacing where one end runs straight from\nbottom to top while the other end steps through the eyelets.\n\n * Variation 1\n\nDiagram for 8 pairs of eyelets\n\nPairs\n\n8\n\n7\n\n6\n\n5\n\n4\n\n3\n\n2\n\nStep\n\n9\n\n8\n\n7\n\n6\n\n5\n\n4\n\n3\n\n2\n\n1\n\n0\n\nTo activate controls, please enable JavaScript\n\n### Lacing Technique – Variation 1 – for even numbers of eyelet pairs\n\n• Begin straight across on the outside (grey section) and in through the\nbottom eyelets.\n\n• The left (blue) end runs all the way up the inside and out through the top\nleft eyelet.\n\n• The right (yellow) end runs straight up on the inside and out through the\nnext higher eyelet, then straight across on the outside and in through the\nadjacent eyelet on the other side. Repeat until the end reaches the top right\neyelet.\n\n### Lacing Technique – Variation 2 – for odd numbers of eyelet pairs\n\n• Begin straight across on the outside (grey section) and in through the\nbottom eyelets.\n\n• The left (blue) end runs all the way up the inside and out through the top\nleft eyelet.\n\n• The right (yellow) end runs straight up on the inside and out through the\nnext higher eyelet, then straight across on the outside and in through the\nadjacent eyelet on the other side. Repeat until the end reaches the second-\nfrom-top eyelet.\n\n• At the second-from-top eyelet, run straight across on the outside, then\nstraight back on the inside before tucking under the vertical shoelace segment\ninside the shoe (similar to the tucked segments of Ladder Lacing).\n\n• Continue straight up on the inside and out through the top right eyelet.\n\n### Variations\n\n• Variation 1 is for shoes with even numbers of eyelet pairs.\n\n• Variation 2 is for shoes with odd numbers of eyelet pairs (see details\nbelow).\n\n### Features\n\nEven no. of eyelets = neat\n\nOdd no. of eyelets = messy\n\nEnd lengths shift\n\n28% longer ends (approx.)\n\n### Notes\n\n### Odd Eyelet Pairs Limitation\n\nJust like Straight Bar Lacing, Straight Easy Lacing only works neatly on shoes\nwith even numbers of eyelet pairs (eg. 8 pairs = 16 eyelets). This is because\nthe shoelace must cross the shoe an even number of times so that the ends meet\nin the middle and can be tied together.\n\nOn shoes with an odd number of eyelet pairs (eg. 7 pairs = 14 eyelets), a\nworkaround is needed so that the ends still meet. The “across and back”\nworkaround (shown above) is probably the best compromise in terms of retaining\nthe overall look plus allowing a regular knot.\n\nSee below for several other odd workarounds.\n\n### Sports / Military Advice\n\nLike other straight lacing methods, Straight Easy Lacing has an additional\nbenefit for sporting or military use: The upper horizontal sections of\nshoelace can be quickly cut through with a knife or scissors in order to more\neasily remove a boot from a broken, sprained or otherwise injured ankle or\nfoot.\n\nStraight Easy Lacing is the official method prescribed by the Canadian Armed\nForces for lacing ankle boots / shoes.\n\n### Military Specs\n\n(Excerpt from the official document A-DH-265-000/AG-001, dated 15-Dec-2017):\n\n• CANADIAN ARMED FORCES DRESS INSTRUCTIONS • Chapter 2: Policy and Appearance\n• Section 2: Appearance • Subsection 20: Footwear • b: Footwear shall be laced\nas shown in Figure 2-2-6.\n\n• Figure 2-2-6 includes variations for 3, 5 or 7 pairs of eyelets, each of\nwhich requires an odd workaround, and for which the One Diagonal workaround\nhas been implemented.\n\n• Figure 2-2-6 also includes a separate “Herring Bone Method” for combat /\nsafety / lineman boots (see CAF Combat Boot Lacing).\n\n## Straight Easy Lacing Gallery\n\nUses the “across and back” workaround for seven pairs of eyelets.\n\nUses the “one crossover” workaround for seven pairs of eyelets.\n\nOnly the lower six eyelets have been laced.\n\nThe bars create curved reflections in the shiny background.\n\nFor a neat finish, David ran the shoelaces vertically through the top eyelets,\nhiding the ends.\n\nModel military gear needs accurate lacing for an authentic look.\n\nModel “Fallschirmjager” (German paratrooper) boots with authentic looking\nlacing.\n\nI love the wide, patterned shoelaces!\n\nTwo different looks – one strong, one subtle.\n\nThe straight “bars” complement the Adidas stripes.\n\nHover over any image to view details\n\nFor enlargements, please enable JavaScript\n\nMore photos of Straight Easy Lacing\n\nContribute a photo (via e-mail)\n\nClose window\n\n## Straight Easy Lacing Video\n\nWatch video here\n\nWatch on YouTube\n\n## Shoelace Lengths for Straight Easy Lacing\n\nPairs of eyelets:| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8 \n---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \nLength needed:| 63 cm 25 inch| 76 cm 30 inch| 80 cm 31 inch| 93 cm 37 inch| 96\ncm 38 inch| 109 cm 43 inch| 112 cm 44 inch \nLengths available:| 27\"| 27\"| 27\"| 36\"| 36\"| 45\"| 45\" \n \nNOTE: These are approximate shoelace lengths for using this lacing on an\naverage sized sneaker. For more accurate lengths, use the Shoelace Length\nCalculator.\n\n### Comparative Length\n\nShorter shoelaces needed than those for basic Criss Cross Lacing.\n\nLonger ends if existing shoelaces are re-used (+28% on average).\n\nMore details.\n\n## Odd Workarounds\n\nAs mentioned above, Straight Easy Lacing only works neatly on shoes with even\nnumbers of eyelet pairs. Here's several common workarounds for shoes with odd\nnumbers of eyelet pairs, using sample diagrams with seven pairs of eyelets.\n\n### Ends Tucked In\n\nThis first diagram shows the simplest solution for being unable to tie\nnaturally – don't tie the ends at all, instead tucking them into the shoe at\nthe bottom-left and top-right eyelets.\n\nFor a tighter fit, you could also permanently anchor the ends inside the\neyelets, either with simple stopper knots or using Lace Anchors.\n\n### Across and Back\n\nAs shown in more detail in the main lacing diagram above, the second-from-top\nstraight section runs straight across from right-to-left (on the outside),\nthen left-to-right (on the inside), tucking under the vertical section on the\nright side. The inner straight section is fairly well hidden by the outer\nstraight section, especially with flat shoelaces. Contributed by Jeremy J.\n\n### Twice Through One Eyelet\n\nLace the shoe normally, then at the top of the shoe, both ends emerge through\nthe same top eyelet (in this case, the top-left). Feed one end across and out\nthrough the opposite eyelet (in this case, the top-right). When the ends are\ntied, there will be a double-pass across the top, but this will be fairly well\nhidden by the shoelace knot. Contributed by Dan S.\n\n### One Diagonal\n\nUse a single diagonal somewhere in the lacing. At the top, it's less\nnoticeable due to the loops and loose ends. (This is the method favored by the\nCanadian Military). At the bottom, if can even be run around the inside of the\ntongue to hide the diagonal, though at the expense of some slight discomfort.\nNear the middle, a diagonal may be positioned to line up with and run through\na tongue centering loop (if the shoe has one).\n\n### One Crossover\n\nInstead of trying to hide a single diagonal, this alternative makes a feature\nout of a single crossover, similar to the look of Roman Lacing. This crossover\ncan be placed at either the top or bottom of the lacing, but unlike the above\n“One Diagonal” variation, it cannot be placed in the middle of the lacing.\n\n### Double Overlap\n\nLike a squashed version of the above “One Crossover” variation, both ends run\nstraight across one pair of eyelets and feed a second time through the\nopposite eyelets. Near the top, it's less noticeable due to the loops and\nloose ends. Near the bottom, any difficulty with tightening or loosening this\nsection is not so noticeable as the shoe doesn't need to open wide at that\npoint.\n\n### Combine with Lock Lacing\n\nLace normally up to the second pair of eyelets from the top, then finish with\na High Lace Lock through the top two pairs of eyelets. Although this doesn't\nlook as neat, it does pull the lacing extra tight.\n\nSee the Lock Lacing page for more information.\n\n### Skip One Eyelet Pair\n\nAll of the above odd workarounds are laced normally through an even number of\neyelet pairs, then something is added that may be either visually or\nfunctionally awkward. An alternative is to not add anything – instead leaving\neither the top or the bottom pair of eyelets empty, or even to skip one pair\nof eyelets somewhere in the middle of the lacing.\n\n## Visitor Feedback\n\nSo, I learned Straight Easy Lacing decades ago in a Canadian Reserve training\nprogram, and have occasionally thought of using it again. One quick question:\nIs there any reason that the workaround crossover for odd numbered eyelets\ncouldn't be down at the toe end of the shoe? Seems to me that it would be a\nbit tidier that way. Anyway, I'm off to find a pair of shoes with an odd\nnumber of eyelets to find out.\n\n– Glenn T., May-2021\n\nThe crossover can be at the bottom, which is mentioned (but isn't illustrated)\nin the “One Crossover” workaround above.\n\n– Ian Fieggen\n\nHere at Esquire magazine we have been recently charmed and inspired by your\nshoe lacing website and I wanted to ask your opinion on straight lacing. You\ncall what I would call the conventional Northampton lacing system (one lace\nend straight up the side and the other doing all the threading) the “lazy”\nversion of straight lacing.\n\nSo is the “lazy” term your nomenclature or is it something you got from\nelsewhere? Of course its is simple than the other methods but why does that\nmake it lazy?\n\nYours intrigued!\n\n– Nick S., FASHION DIRECTOR, Esquire, USA, Dec-2006\n\nShortly after the above e-mail, this lacing method was renamed from “Straight\nLazy Lacing” to “Straight Easy Lacing”.\n\n– Ian Fieggen\n\nHey, thanks for the quick response!\n\nI tried the Straight Lazy Lacing (Slightly modified so I can tie the knot on\nthe inside of the shoe, I hate having the knot on the outside), and it seems\nto be working a lot better. It's not bunching as much, and it's only doing it\non one side (The side with the lace going straight up.).\n\n– Vinnie G., Sep-2006\n\nMy Mom called me to tell me she changed her laces and couldn't figgure ot how\nto re-lace them (straight lazy lacing style). She had tried ALL DAY to figure\nit out w/out success. I laughed and then surfed the web for cool ways to tie\nshoes and found your site. My Mom is ecstatic! You're now in her favorite's\nfor websites! She lives in NYC and I live in LA!\n\n– Stephanie R., LA, USA, Jun-2004\n\nIf you'd also like to send feedback, please Contact Ian.\n\n## Rate This Lacing Method\n\nPlease only vote once – multiple votes are removed daily\n\n## Related Links\n\nStraight Bar Lacing\n\nIdentical looking method with both ends progressing through eyelets.\n\nEnd Shortening Lacing\n\nIdentical looking method that invisibly consumes more shoelace and thus\n“shortens” the ends.\n\nCommando Lacing\n\nSimilar method that follows the same path but is tied off using only one end.\n\nCreate-a-Lace\n\nView and customize Straight Easy Lacing using Create-a-Lace.\n\n## Support Ian\n\n * Donate\n * Ian's App\n * Ian's Book\n * Shoelaces\n * Accessories\n * Books\n * Amazon\n\n## Sponsors\n\n * Prev. Page\n * Top\n * Next Page\n\nThis page last updated: 01-Oct-2021. Copyright © 2004-2021 by Ian W. Fieggen.\nAll rights reserved.\n\nWebsite created by Ian Fieggen (aka. “Professor Shoelace”), inventor of the\nIan Knot.\n\nIan's Other Websites: ShoelaceSoftwareGraphicsIanTree\n\n×\n\n" } ]
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How To Clean a Laptop
To clean a laptop, start by wetting a sponge and squeezing the water out so it's nearly dry. Then, gently wipe your laptop's screen with it, adding a little bit of dish soap or rubbing alcohol to remove stubborn dirt and grime. When you're finished, polish your screen in a circular motion with a cloth to dry it off and remove any streaks. To clean your laptop's keyboard, try shaking loose dust out of the keyboard or sucking it up with a small, handheld vacuum. Then, use a pencil eraser to rub grime off the keys. If there's grime in between the keys, run a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol between them.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210802212615/https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/how-to-clean-a-laptop-screen/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210505195513/https://www.popsci.com/clean-your-keyboard-without-breaking-it/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211206092948/https://www.dummies.com/computers/pcs/how-to-clean-your-laptops-case-screen-and-keyboard/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211020112737/https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204172", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181228154754/https://www.windowscentral.com/how-clean-and-disinfect-your-laptop", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210420003358/https://www.pcworld.com/article/240921/how_to_clean_your_laptop_or_lcd_monitor.html" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/how-to-clean-a-laptop-screen/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210802212615/https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/how-to-clean-a-laptop-screen/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to clean a laptop screen", "passages": [ "Laptop screens get dirty — that’s just a fact of life. Whether it’s a 2-in-1’s touchscreen or the traditional screen of a clamshell laptop, there’s always a collection of mystery dots and fingerprints littering your view. It’s an annoying distraction.", "You can’t just wipe it all away, either. Some grime needs a microfiber cloth, while other types demand tougher cleaning. In this article, we list our favorite tools for each type of yuck removal and teach you how to clean a laptop screen without inflicting damage.", "People who wear glasses or own a camera know about this little tool all too well. After all, it’s the best way to clean a camera lens or eyeglasses.", "Designed to remove dust and debris without producing lint or scratching delicate surfaces, microfiber cloths are the best place to start when cleaning a laptop screen.", "Warning: Absolutely do not use a paper towel or tissue. They might seem soft when blowing your nose, but they are extremely rough on scratch-prone displays.", "Step 1: Shut down your laptop. Not only is it safer, but having a blank screen can help you see dust.", "Step 2: Pressing gently on the display, use a microfiber cloth to wipe in one direction. Don’t scrub or wipe in circles, as this could damage the display or just move the dust particles around.", "What about using a duster? This is also a safe way to remove dust if the coating is extremely light. Avoid feather-style products, which simply push dust into a cloud. Instead, find one that collects dust, like the dusters made by Swiffer. If using a Swiffer duster, remember to turn off your laptop before using it.", "There’s no set method for removing dust, though you may want to move in an X pattern from top to bottom.", "Sometimes you’ll end up with more than dust on your display. Instead of rubbing at it with your microfiber cloth to no avail — and potentially dirtying the cloth in the process — you can use a damp sponge instead.", "Note: If you’re worried about potential drips falling onto your keyboard, place something light over the keys that won’t absorb liquid.", "Step 3: Use the sponge to gently wipe the screen’s affected area. Watch for drips and clean them up immediately.", "Step 4: Once the area is clean, wait for the display to completely dry before closing the lid or using your machine.", "If the cloth and sponge methods failed to clean your laptop’s screen, it’s time for a safe screen-cleaning spray. However, you can’t use just any substance. Specific chemicals scratch the surface even if you’re using a microfiber cloth.", "You can still purchase third-party cleaners, but they absolutely must not include the chemicals listed above. Alternatively, you can create a cleaner using the following:", "Step 1: Turn your laptop off and unplug it from its charger. If you’re able, also remove the battery to prevent any electrical issues.", "Note: If you’re worried about potential drips falling onto your keyboard, place something light over the keys. A material that won’t absorb liquid is your best bet.", "Step 2: Pour or spray your chosen cleaning fluid onto a microfiber cloth. Be sure the fabric isn’t wet, just damp. Never spray cleaning fluid directly onto your screen. Even though they evaporate quickly, applying liquid to your screen is a sure way to damage it.", "Step 3: Gently rub the cloth over the affected area. Rub in small circles to avoid streaks. Don’t press too hard; otherwise, you could displace the liquid crystal molecules and permanently distort the screen.", "Step 4: Repeat this process until the screen is completely free of moisture. Also check the keyboard and any attached hardware, like a mouse or anything connected to the USB ports, to make sure there is no liquid pooling on them.", "Step 5: As an additional precaution, leave the screen to air dry for half an hour. Once it’s dry, you can close it and turn it on.", "We put our laptops through a lot on a day-to-day basis. If you eat and drink while you’re working, you’re more than likely leaving little bits of your food behind on the screen, keyboard, and in any other crevices. We owe it to our computers to keep them clean. Following all the steps outlined in this guide should help make your laptop look a little less homely.", "Digital Trends helps readers keep tabs on the fast-paced world of tech with all the latest news, fun product reviews, insightful editorials, and one-of-a- kind sneak peeks." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Clean a Laptop Screen | Digital Trends\n\n * Best Products\n\n * Best Laptops\n * Best Headphones\n * Best TVs\n * Best Tablets\n * Best Earbuds\n * Best Gaming Laptops\n * Best Chromebooks\n * Best Phones\n * Best Graphics Cards\n * Best Printers\n * Best Robot Vacuums\n * Best Smartwatches\n * Best Desktop Computers\n * Best Nintendo Switch Games\n * Best Soundbars\n * Best Outdoor Security Cameras\n * Best Streaming Devices\n * Best Bluetooth Speakers\n * Best Routers\n * Best Game Consoles\n * Best Speakers\n * Best VPN Services\n * Best Coffee Machines\n * Best Smart Home Devices\n * Best Cameras\n * Best Refrigerators\n * Best Cars\n * Versus\n * More Best Products\n * Product Reviews\n\n * Laptop Reviews\n * TV Reviews\n * Phone Reviews\n * Headphone Reviews\n * Tablet Reviews\n * Game Reviews\n * Soundbar Reviews\n * Home Security Reviews\n * Camera Reviews\n * Printer Reviews\n * Fitness Tracker Reviews\n * Monitor Reviews\n * Smartwatch Reviews\n * Appliance Reviews\n * Speaker Reviews\n * Desktop Reviews\n * Drone Reviews\n * Car Reviews\n * Streaming Device Reviews\n * Smart Home Device Reviews\n * Vacuum Reviews\n * Video Game System Reviews\n * All Reviews\n * News\n\n * Computing\n * Mobile\n * Home Theater\n * Gaming\n * 5G\n * Smart Home\n * Nintendo Switch\n * Streaming Media\n * PC Gaming\n * Wearables\n * Entertainment\n * Fintech\n * Small Business\n * Smart Cities\n * Artificial Intelligence\n * Cybersecurity\n * Cars\n * Internet of Things (IoT)\n * Samsung\n * More News\n * Deals\n\n * Best Headphone Deals\n * Trending Amazon Tech Deals\n * Best Printer Deals\n * Best Smartwatch Deals\n * Best iPhone Deals\n * Best TV Deals\n * Best Gaming Deals\n * Best Laptop Deals\n * Best Smartphone Deals\n * Original Series\n\n * Original Series\n\n * Tech for Change\n * Life on Mars\n * Oscar Effects\n * Women With Byte\n * Better, Stronger, Faster\n * Power of Collaboration\n * The Next Pursuit\n * Special Features\n * Video Series\n\n * Vs.\n * Robots Everywhere\n * Explained\n * What Comes Next\n * Desk Envy\n * The Deets\n * The Future Of\n * More Originals\n * Buying Guides\n\n * Laptop Buying Guide\n * QLED vs. OLED TV\n * Windows 11 vs. Windows 10\n * Android vs. iOS\n * Computer Monitor Buying Guide\n * Nintendo Switch vs. Switch Lite\n * Soundbar Buying Guide\n * iPhone 12 vs. iPhone 11\n * Apple Watch Series 6 vs. Fitbit Versa 3\n * Chromebooks vs. Laptops\n * Nest Mini vs. Echo Dot\n * 5G home internet\n * Soundbars vs. Speakers\n * Xbox Series X vs. PS5\n * Samsung Galaxy A52 vs. iPhone SE\n * MacBook Air vs. iPad Pro\n * Printer Buying Guide\n * More Buying Guides\n * Downloads\n\n * Categories\n\n * Browsers\n * Office & Productivity\n * Development Tools\n * Learning\n * Games\n * Internet\n * Music & Video\n * Customization\n * Security & VPN\n * Social & Messaging\n * OS & Tools\n * Platforms\n\n * Windows\n * Mac\n * Android\n * iOS\n * More Downloads\n * * Social\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Pinterest\n * RSS\n * Newsletter\n * YouTube\n * More\n\n * Digital Trends Media Group\n * Careers\n * Freelance Opportunities\n * Advertise with Us\n * The Manual\n * DT en Español\n * Press Room\n * Sponsored Content\n * The Angle\n\n * Trending:\n * Surface Book 4\n * Window 11 Update\n * MacBook Pro 2021\n * iMac Pro Rumors\n\n 1. Computing\n\nDigital Trends may earn a commission when you buy through links on our site.\n\n# How to clean a laptop screen\n\nBy Jon Martindale June 18, 2021\n\nLaptop screens get dirty — that’s just a fact of life. Whether it’s a 2-in-1’s\ntouchscreen or the traditional screen of a clamshell laptop, there’s always a\ncollection of mystery dots and fingerprints littering your view. It’s an\nannoying distraction.\n\n### Device cleaning guides\n\n * How to clean a desktop monitor\n * How to make a touchscreen shiny again\n * How to clean your camera lens\n * How to clean and speed up your PC\n\nYou can’t just wipe it all away, either. Some grime needs a microfiber cloth,\nwhile other types demand tougher cleaning. In this article, we list our\nfavorite tools for each type of yuck removal and teach you how to clean a\nlaptop screen without inflicting damage.\n\n## For dust: Microfiber cloth\n\nJon Martindale/DigitalTrends\n\nPeople who wear glasses or own a camera know about this little tool all too\nwell. After all, it’s the best way to clean a camera lens or eyeglasses.\n\nDesigned to remove dust and debris without producing lint or scratching\ndelicate surfaces, microfiber cloths are the best place to start when cleaning\na laptop screen.\n\nWarning: Absolutely do not use a paper towel or tissue. They might seem soft\nwhen blowing your nose, but they are extremely rough on scratch-prone\ndisplays.\n\nStep 1: Shut down your laptop. Not only is it safer, but having a blank screen\ncan help you see dust.\n\nStep 2: Pressing gently on the display, use a microfiber cloth to wipe in one\ndirection. Don’t scrub or wipe in circles, as this could damage the display or\njust move the dust particles around.\n\nStep 3: Continue wiping across the display until it’s dust-free.\n\nWhat about using a duster? This is also a safe way to remove dust if the\ncoating is extremely light. Avoid feather-style products, which simply push\ndust into a cloud. Instead, find one that collects dust, like the dusters made\nby Swiffer. If using a Swiffer duster, remember to turn off your laptop before\nusing it.\n\nThere’s no set method for removing dust, though you may want to move in an X\npattern from top to bottom.\n\n## For dirt and grime: Damp sponge\n\nJon Martindale/DigitalTrends\n\nSometimes you’ll end up with more than dust on your display. Instead of\nrubbing at it with your microfiber cloth to no avail — and potentially\ndirtying the cloth in the process — you can use a damp sponge instead.\n\n### What you need:\n\n * A brand new household sponge.\n * Distilled, deionized, or filtered water.\n\nWarning: Absolutely avoid standard tap water. Unseen minerals can scratch your\ndisplay.\n\nStep 1: Shut down your laptop and unplug it from its power source. If\npossible, remove the battery.\n\nNote: If you’re worried about potential drips falling onto your keyboard,\nplace something light over the keys that won’t absorb liquid.\n\nStep 2: Wet the sponge with water and wring it out to eliminate drips.\n\nStep 3: Use the sponge to gently wipe the screen’s affected area. Watch for\ndrips and clean them up immediately.\n\nStep 4: Once the area is clean, wait for the display to completely dry before\nclosing the lid or using your machine.\n\n## For oils and sticky stuff: Cleaning solutions\n\nJon Martindale/DigitalTrends\n\nIf the cloth and sponge methods failed to clean your laptop’s screen, it’s\ntime for a safe screen-cleaning spray. However, you can’t use just any\nsubstance. Specific chemicals scratch the surface even if you’re using a\nmicrofiber cloth.\n\nAvoid these substances at all cost:\n\n * Acetone\n * Ammonia\n * Ethyl acid\n * Ethyl alcohol\n * Methyl alcohol\n * Methyl chloride\n * Surface cleaners\n * Toluene\n * Window cleaners\n * Any other corrosive substance\n\nYou can still purchase third-party cleaners, but they absolutely must not\ninclude the chemicals listed above. Alternatively, you can create a cleaner\nusing the following:\n\n * 50% distilled water and 50% white vinegar\n * 50% distilled water and 50% isopropyl alcohol\n * 100% distilled water and a drop of dish detergent\n\nStep 1: Turn your laptop off and unplug it from its charger. If you’re able,\nalso remove the battery to prevent any electrical issues.\n\nNote: If you’re worried about potential drips falling onto your keyboard,\nplace something light over the keys. A material that won’t absorb liquid is\nyour best bet.\n\nStep 2: Pour or spray your chosen cleaning fluid onto a microfiber cloth. Be\nsure the fabric isn’t wet, just damp. Never spray cleaning fluid directly onto\nyour screen. Even though they evaporate quickly, applying liquid to your\nscreen is a sure way to damage it.\n\nStep 3: Gently rub the cloth over the affected area. Rub in small circles to\navoid streaks. Don’t press too hard; otherwise, you could displace the liquid\ncrystal molecules and permanently distort the screen.\n\nStep 4: Repeat this process until the screen is completely free of moisture.\nAlso check the keyboard and any attached hardware, like a mouse or anything\nconnected to the USB ports, to make sure there is no liquid pooling on them.\n\nStep 5: As an additional precaution, leave the screen to air dry for half an\nhour. Once it’s dry, you can close it and turn it on.\n\nWe put our laptops through a lot on a day-to-day basis. If you eat and drink\nwhile you’re working, you’re more than likely leaving little bits of your food\nbehind on the screen, keyboard, and in any other crevices. We owe it to our\ncomputers to keep them clean. Following all the steps outlined in this guide\nshould help make your laptop look a little less homely.\n\n#### Editors' Recommendations\n\n * Best cheap robot vacuum deals for August 2021: Roomba, Eufy, Deebot\n * Best blue light glasses for 2021\n * How to watch this month’s spectacular Perseid meteor shower\n * The best Android games available (August 2021)\n * Best cheap refurbished iPhone deals and sales for August 2021\n\n### Best blue light glasses for 2021\n\n### How to watch this month’s spectacular Perseid meteor shower\n\n### The best Android games available (August 2021)\n\n### The best iPhone apps (August 2021)\n\n### The best wireless routers for 2021\n\n### This Dell XPS deal is unbelievable — but hurry!\n\n### Best cheap Newegg deals for August 2021\n\n### This is the perfect deal if you’ve ever wanted the Microsoft Surface Pro 7\n\n### Dell slashes gaming laptop prices across the board today\n\n### Dell discounts back-to-school laptops by over $200 during this sale\n\n### Steve Jobs’ 1973 job application auctions for record amount\n\n### Best cheap Chromebook deals for August 2021\n\n### Best cheap HP Envy deals for August 2021\n\nUpgrade your lifestyle\n\nDigital Trends helps readers keep tabs on the fast-paced world of tech with\nall the latest news, fun product reviews, insightful editorials, and one-of-a-\nkind sneak peeks.\n\nDigital Trends may earn a commission when you buy through links on our site.\n\nCopyright ©2021 Designtechnica Corporation. All rights reserved.\n\n * Add Us To Your Social Channels\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instragram\n * LinkedIn\n * Pinterest\n * YouTube\n * RSS Home\n * Subscribe\n\n * Subscribe\n\n * Must Reads\n\n * Best Movies on Netflix\n * Best Shows on Netflix\n * Best Shows on Hulu\n * Best Movies on Hulu\n * Best Shows on Amazon Prime\n * Best Movies on Amazon Prime\n * Best iPhone Games\n * Best Android Games\n * Popular Downloads\n\n * Download Fortnite\n * Download Skype\n * Download Winrar\n * Download Netflix for Android\n * Download Spotify for Android\n * Download PC games\n * Downloads for Windows\n * Downloads for Mac\n * Downloads for Android\n * Who We Are\n\n * About Us\n * Digital Trends Media Group\n * Diversity & Inclusion\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n * Careers\n * DT Español\n * The Manual\n * The Angle\n * Giveaways\n * Sponsored Content\n * Advertise with Us\n * Manage Preferences\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.popsci.com/clean-your-keyboard-without-breaking-it/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210505195513/https://www.popsci.com/clean-your-keyboard-without-breaking-it/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to clean your keyboard without breaking it", "passages": [ "Most of us don’t take good care of our keyboards. We eat over them, we spill things onto them, and the worst part of it all—we never clean them. A keyboard remains a sticky, dirty, and gross mess until one of the keys stops working or someone nearby comments on how nasty it is.", "Fortunately, this cleaning process is not actually that hard to do. Think of it like a thorough dental cleaning, but for your computer. So stop being that person with the messy keyboard. Take charge of your life, and start with a clean keyboard. Here’s how.", "It’s always best practice to disconnect your keyboard before you start the disinfecting process. Nobody wants liquid cleaning products near your hard drive when the computer is on. If you have a laptop, that means turning the entire machine off. If you’ve got a desktop computer, you can just disconnect the keyboard from the computer.", "With a good grip, carefully turn your laptop or keyboard completely upside down. Stand over a garbage can and gently shake your device so that any dried up crumbs or pieces of food will fall out, thanks to the handy force of gravity. This debris removal is an important first step because it gets the big, bulky stuff out so they won’t get in the way of your more precise scrubbing action later on.", "Just like any piece of furniture that sits in one place for a long time, the spaces in between your keyboard are going to gather dust. These particles, combined with any miniscule food crumbs, are nearly impossible to remove with gentle shaking alone. That’s where compressed air comes in. Compressed air, which is exactly what its name implies, comes in a can and can be purchased at any office supply store, super store, and even on Amazon. These cans are fairly cheap. And what makes them most amazing and useful is the fact that they are like a power cleaner for your keyboard. They can get out the dust in that random corner of your keyboard that you didn’t even know you had.", "When using compressed air, Apple recommends tilting your keyboard at a 75 degree angle so that it’s nearly vertical, but not quite. Spray the compressed air into the keyboard and rotate the keyboard or laptop 90 degrees four times so that you reach as many areas of the device board from as many angles as possible.", "Now that you’ve gotten all the dust and debris out, you can focus on those grimy, perhaps slimy, keys. Yes, it’s that time. For this process, you’ll need a cotton swab, some Q-tips (they’re best used for cleaning, not sticking in your ears), and some basic isopropyl alcohol, also known as rubbing alcohol. All of this can be purchased at most pharmacies and grocery stores.", "Dab a small amount of alcohol onto the cotton ball and carefully clean each key. Then, for inter-key cleaning, switch to the Q-tip with a bit of alcohol. The small size of the Q-tip helps to ensure the alcohol only goes onto the keyboard surface, and not inside. Just be careful not to put too much alcohol onto the Q-tip.", "From experience, for extra scummy keys, you are going to need to scrub pretty hard. You may even have to go back to some keys for a second scrub.", "The alcohol will likely get rid of most bacteria and germs that gather on your keyboard. But if you want to be extra sure, then you can finish with a multi- purpose cleaning wipe as well. Alcohol, because of its low boiling point, evaporates very quickly, which is another reason it’s so useful for cleaning a keyboard. The area is dry in a few seconds.", "Usually the combination of shaking, spraying, and scrubbing is good enough. But if your keys are sticking or you’re convinced there’s still some dirt under the keypads, you can sometimes remove them. This technique depends on the type of keyboard you have and how it was put together. It’s helpful to have a toolkit like this one if you are going to attempt to remove them.", "Frequency is key. Just like brushing and flossing your teeth, the more often you clean your keyboard, the less likely it is that dirt and scum will have a chance to build up. While once a day is probably excessive, once a week is very easily doable.", "Even if you never clean your keyboard, the bacteria that build up are probably normal, friendly bacteria, the same kind that gather on your phone and other items you touch every single day. And you likely won’t get any new diseases from your own keyboard. But an unclean keyboard is a really easy way to spread disease-causing bacteria, especially if you are sick and other people are using the device as well. So best practice is probably to give a good clean once a week.", "We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to clean your keyboard without breaking it\n\n * HOT TOPICS\n\n * Science\n * Technology\n * DIY\n * Reviews\n * Health\n * Animals\n * Space\n * Environment\n * Gadgets\n * Goods\n * EXPLORE\n\n * Subscriber Login\n * Newsletters\n * Podcasts\n * Video\n * Merch\n * PopSci Shop\n * FIND US ON\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Instagram\n * Pinterest\n * Youtube\n * Flipboard\n * Apple News+\n * RSS\n * QUESTIONS?\n\n * COVID-19\n * Ask us anything!\n\nSOCIAL\n\n# How to clean your keyboard without breaking it\n\nFor sticky keys, dirty buildup, and all other forms of messiness\n\nBy Claire Maldarelli March 11, 2017\n\n * DIY\n\nPixabay\n\nSHARE\n\nMost of us don’t take good care of our keyboards. We eat over them, we spill\nthings onto them, and the worst part of it all—we never clean them. A keyboard\nremains a sticky, dirty, and gross mess until one of the keys stops working or\nsomeone nearby comments on how nasty it is.\n\nFortunately, this cleaning process is not actually that hard to do. Think of\nit like a thorough dental cleaning, but for your computer. So stop being that\nperson with the messy keyboard. Take charge of your life, and start with a\nclean keyboard. Here’s how.\n\n## Shut down your machine\n\nIt’s always best practice to disconnect your keyboard before you start the\ndisinfecting process. Nobody wants liquid cleaning products near your hard\ndrive when the computer is on. If you have a laptop, that means turning the\nentire machine off. If you’ve got a desktop computer, you can just disconnect\nthe keyboard from the computer.\n\n## Shake it out\n\nWith a good grip, carefully turn your laptop or keyboard completely upside\ndown. Stand over a garbage can and gently shake your device so that any dried\nup crumbs or pieces of food will fall out, thanks to the handy force of\ngravity. This debris removal is an important first step because it gets the\nbig, bulky stuff out so they won’t get in the way of your more precise\nscrubbing action later on.\n\n## Compressed air to the rescue\n\nJust like any piece of furniture that sits in one place for a long time, the\nspaces in between your keyboard are going to gather dust. These particles,\ncombined with any miniscule food crumbs, are nearly impossible to remove with\ngentle shaking alone. That’s where compressed air comes in. Compressed air,\nwhich is exactly what its name implies, comes in a can and can be purchased at\nany office supply store, super store, and even on Amazon. These cans are\nfairly cheap. And what makes them most amazing and useful is the fact that\nthey are like a power cleaner for your keyboard. They can get out the dust in\nthat random corner of your keyboard that you didn’t even know you had.\n\nWhen using compressed air, Apple recommends tilting your keyboard at a 75\ndegree angle so that it’s nearly vertical, but not quite. Spray the compressed\nair into the keyboard and rotate the keyboard or laptop 90 degrees four times\nso that you reach as many areas of the device board from as many angles as\npossible.\n\n## Scrubbing time\n\n### How not to treat your keyboard\n\nNow that you’ve gotten all the dust and debris out, you can focus on those\ngrimy, perhaps slimy, keys. Yes, it’s that time. For this process, you’ll need\na cotton swab, some Q-tips (they’re best used for cleaning, not sticking in\nyour ears), and some basic isopropyl alcohol, also known as rubbing alcohol.\nAll of this can be purchased at most pharmacies and grocery stores.\n\nDab a small amount of alcohol onto the cotton ball and carefully clean each\nkey. Then, for inter-key cleaning, switch to the Q-tip with a bit of alcohol.\nThe small size of the Q-tip helps to ensure the alcohol only goes onto the\nkeyboard surface, and not inside. Just be careful not to put too much alcohol\nonto the Q-tip.\n\nFrom experience, for extra scummy keys, you are going to need to scrub pretty\nhard. You may even have to go back to some keys for a second scrub.\n\nThe alcohol will likely get rid of most bacteria and germs that gather on your\nkeyboard. But if you want to be extra sure, then you can finish with a multi-\npurpose cleaning wipe as well. Alcohol, because of its low boiling point,\nevaporates very quickly, which is another reason it’s so useful for cleaning a\nkeyboard. The area is dry in a few seconds.\n\n## Key removal\n\nUsually the combination of shaking, spraying, and scrubbing is good enough.\nBut if your keys are sticking or you’re convinced there’s still some dirt\nunder the keypads, you can sometimes remove them. This technique depends on\nthe type of keyboard you have and how it was put together. It’s helpful to\nhave a toolkit like this one if you are going to attempt to remove them.\n\n## Repeat often\n\nFrequency is key. Just like brushing and flossing your teeth, the more often\nyou clean your keyboard, the less likely it is that dirt and scum will have a\nchance to build up. While once a day is probably excessive, once a week is\nvery easily doable.\n\n## The bacteria is probably not that bad—for you at least\n\nEven if you never clean your keyboard, the bacteria that build up are probably\nnormal, friendly bacteria, the same kind that gather on your phone and other\nitems you touch every single day. And you likely won’t get any new diseases\nfrom your own keyboard. But an unclean keyboard is a really easy way to spread\ndisease-causing bacteria, especially if you are sick and other people are\nusing the device as well. So best practice is probably to give a good clean\nonce a week.\n\nbacteria\n\ncleaning\n\nDIY\n\nelectronics\n\ngerms\n\n#### MORE TO READ\n\n * RELATED\n\n### How to dig up clams and eat ’em\n\nWith a few basic tools and some know-how, you can collect a pile of premium\nseafood in no time.\n\nREAD NOW\n\n * RELATED\n\n### Stop putting off your device updates\n\nWe know change is hard, but this is...\n\n * RELATED\n\n### How to choose safe passwords—and remember them, too\n\nCybersecurity 101.\n\nLike science, tech, and DIY projects?\n\nSign up to receive Popular Science's emails and get the highlights.\n\nLET'S GO\n\n## Links\n\n## Follow us\n\n## DISCLAIMER(S)\n\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. Registration on or use of this\nsite constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service.\n\n© 2021 Camden Media. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.dummies.com/computers/pcs/how-to-clean-your-laptops-case-screen-and-keyboard/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211206092948/https://www.dummies.com/computers/pcs/how-to-clean-your-laptops-case-screen-and-keyboard/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Clean Your Laptop’s Case, Screen, and Keyboard", "passages": [ "Dummies has always stood for taking on complex concepts and making them easy to understand. Dummies helps everyone be more knowledgeable and confident in applying what they know. Whether it’s to pass that big test, qualify for that big promotion or even master that cooking technique; people who rely on dummies, rely on it to learn the critical skills and relevant information necessary for success." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Clean Your Laptop’s Case, Screen, and Keyboard - dummies\n\n * About For Dummies\n * Subscribe or Unsubscribe\n * Dummies Custom Solutions\n * Test Banks\n * Help\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Advertise with Us\n * Contact Us\n\nDummies has always stood for taking on complex concepts and making them easy\nto understand. Dummies helps everyone be more knowledgeable and confident in\napplying what they know. Whether it’s to pass that big test, qualify for that\nbig promotion or even master that cooking technique; people who rely on\ndummies, rely on it to learn the critical skills and relevant information\nnecessary for success.\n\ndummies\n\nLearning Made Easy\n\nCopyright © 2021 & Trademark by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204172", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211020112737/https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204172", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to clean your Apple products", "passages": [ "Apple products are made with a variety of materials, and each material might have specific cleaning requirements. To get started, here are some tips that apply to all products:", "Is it OK to use a disinfectant on my Apple product? Using a 70 percent isopropyl alcohol wipe, 75 percent ethyl alcohol wipe, or Clorox Disinfecting Wipes, you may gently wipe the hard, nonporous surfaces of your Apple product, such as the display, keyboard, or other exterior surfaces. Don't use products containing bleach or hydrogen peroxide. Avoid getting moisture in any opening, and don't submerge your Apple product in any cleaning agents. Don't use on fabric or leather surfaces.", "If liquid makes its way inside your Apple product, get help from an Apple Authorized Service Provider or Apple Store as soon as possible. Liquid damage isn't covered under the Apple product warranty or AppleCare Protection Plans, but you may have rights under consumer law. If you plan to visit an Apple Store, make a reservation at the Genius Bar (available only in some countries and regions).", "When cleaning the outside of your MacBook, MacBook Pro, or MacBook Air, first shut down your computer and unplug the power adapter. Then use a damp, soft, lint-free cloth to clean the computer's exterior. Avoid getting moisture in any openings. Don't spray liquid directly on the computer. Don't use aerosol sprays, solvents, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide that might damage the finish.", "To clean the screen on your MacBook, MacBook Pro, or MacBook Air, first shut down the computer and unplug the power adapter. Dampen a soft, lint-free cloth with water only, then use it to clean the computer's screen. To clean hard-to- remove smudges, you can moisten the cloth with a 70-percent isopropyl alcohol (IPA) solution.", "MacBook Pro models from 2016 and later with Touch Bar and Touch ID: Clean the Touch Bar and Touch ID (power button) on these computers the same way you would clean the display. Shut down your Mac and unplug the power adapter. Dampen a soft, lint-free cloth with water only, then use it to clean the Touch Bar and Touch ID.", "MacBook (13-inch, Late 2009) and MacBook (13-inch, Mid 2010): The bottom case of these computers uses a soft nonslip material. Use a 3M Gray Microfiber or soft dye-free, lint-free cloth to clean the bottom case.", "First, shut down your Mac and unplug the power cord along with other connected devices. Then use a damp, soft, lint-free cloth to clean the computer's exterior. Avoid getting moisture in any openings. Don't spray liquid directly on the computer. Don't use aerosol sprays, solvents, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide that might damage the finish.", "To clean the display on your iMac, dampen the cloth that came with your iMac—or another clean, soft, lint-free cloth—with water only, and then wipe the screen. To clean hard-to-remove smudges, you can moisten the cloth with a 70-percent isopropyl alcohol (IPA) solution.", "Don't clean the screen of your iMac with a cleaner containing acetone. Use a cleaner intended for use with a screen or display. Never spray cleaner directly on the screen. It might drip inside the display and cause damage.", "If your Apple Pro Display XDR has nano-texture glass, learn how to clean the nano-texture glass on your Apple display. The following guidelines are for cleaning the Apple Thunderbolt Display and other Apple displays.", "First, disconnect the display from power, from its connection to a computer, and from any external devices. Then use the cloth that came with your display or another soft, dry cloth to wipe dust from the screen.", "If additional cleaning of the display panel or case is required, use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean the display.", "Don't clean the screen of your display with a cleaner containing acetone. Use a cleaner intended for use with a screen or display. Never spray cleaner directly on the screen. It might drip inside the display and cause damage.", "First, power off the device. If your device uses removable batteries, remove the batteries. (If your device is wired, simply unplug it from your computer.)", "Next, clean the outside of your device with a lint-free cloth lightly moistened with water. Don't get moisture in any openings or use aerosol sprays, solvents, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide.", "If your Magic Mouse or Magic Mouse 2 isn’t tracking properly, there might be a hair or other debris on the sensor lens. Turn the mouse over and inspect the sensor window using a bright light. If you see debris, use compressed air to gently clean the sensor window.", "To clean your silicone iPhone case, remove your iPhone from the case. Use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth to wipe the outside and the inside of the iPhone case. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean the iPhone case.", "The leather iPhone case is made from natural leather. Its appearance will change as you use it. It might acquire a patina and might change color due to the oils from your skin and direct sunlight, further enhancing the natural look.", "Cleaning the leather iPhone case might affect its color. If you choose to clean this case, first remove it from your iPhone. Use a clean cloth with warm water and mild hand soap to gently clean the iPhone case. You can also use a mild cleaner along with a dry clean cloth. Leather cleaners and conditioners can change the color of leather.", "Keep your iPhone case away from prolonged intense sunlight, heat, and humidity. Exposure to water, oil, makeup, and dyed materials (such as denim) can stain tanned leathers.", "To clean your clear iPhone case, remove your iPhone from the case. Use a soft, dry, lint-free cloth to wipe the outside and inside of the case. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean the case.", "To clean your Smart Battery Case, remove your iPhone from the case. Use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth to wipe the outside of the case. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean the case.", "MagSafe Charger and MagSafe Battery Pack contain magnets that might attract debris during everyday use. Brush off any debris from the magnetic ring before cleaning these accessories.", "Unplug your MagSafe Charger or MagSafe Battery Pack from power. Then use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth to wipe the silicone middle of the charging area. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean your MagSafe Charger or MagSafe Battery Pack.", "To clean your Apple Pencil, use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. With the damp cloth, wipe your Apple Pencil from the tip end—but not the tip itself—toward the other end of your Apple Pencil. Don’t allow moisture to get inside the seam between the tip and the body of your Apple Pencil.", "To clean your polyurethane Smart Keyboard, Smart Keyboard Folio, Smart Cover, or Smart Case, first remove it from the iPad. Use a soft, slightly damp, lint- free cloth. Wipe the front and the inside with a soft, lint-free cloth.", "Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean this product.", "To clean your Magic Keyboard, first remove it from the iPad. Use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Wipe the front and the inside with a soft, lint-free cloth. You may use a 70 percent isopropyl alcohol wipe or Clorox Disinfecting Wipes. Avoid getting moisture in any opening, and don't submerge your Magic Keyboard in any cleaning agents. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean this product.", "The iPad leather cover/case is made from natural leather. Its appearance will change as you use it. It might acquire a patina and might change color due to the oils from your skin and direct sunlight, further enhancing the natural look.", "Cleaning the leather might affect its color. If you choose to clean the leather, first remove the cover/case from your iPad. Use a clean cloth with warm water and mild hand soap to gently clean the leather. Wipe the outside and the inside with a soft, lint-free cloth to remove any dirt. You can also use a mild cleaner along with a dry clean cloth. Mild cleaners or conditioners might help remove some stains but might also change the color of the leather.", "Keep your iPad leather cover/case away from prolonged intense sunlight, heat, and humidity. Exposure to water, oil, makeup, and dyed materials (such as denim) can stain tanned leathers.", "To clean your iPad Silicone Case, remove your iPad from the case. Use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth to wipe the outside and the inside of the case. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean the iPad case.", "Handle your iPad with care to maintain its appearance. If you're concerned about scratching or abrasion, you can use one of the many cases sold separately. To clean iPad, unplug all cables and turn off iPad (press and hold the Sleep/Wake button, and then slide the onscreen slider). Use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, compressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean iPad. iPad has an oleophobic coating on the screen; simply wipe iPad's screen with a soft, lint-free cloth to remove oil left by your hands. The ability of this coating to repel oil will diminish over time with normal usage, and rubbing the screen with an abrasive material will further diminish its effect and might scratch your screen.", "To clean iPod touch, unplug all cables and turn off iPod touch (press and hold the Sleep/Wake button, and then slide the onscreen slider). Then use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, compressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean iPod touch.", "To clean iPod classic, unplug all cables, turn iPod classic off, and slide the Hold switch to HOLD. Then use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, compressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean iPod classic.", "To clean iPod nano, unplug all cables, turn iPod nano off, and slide the Hold switch to HOLD. Then use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, compressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean iPod nano.", "On iPod nano 6th generation, which has no hold switch, you need to press only the Sleep/Wake button to turn the device off before cleaning.", "To clean iPod shuffle, unplug all cables, turn it off (slide the switch to OFF), and use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, compressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean iPod shuffle.", "To clean iPod mini, unplug all cables, turn iPod mini off, and slide the Hold switch to HOLD. Then use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, compressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean iPod mini.", "For more information on cleaning, handling, and working with your Apple Product, please refer to the User Guide that came with your product or download a copy.", "Information about products not manufactured by Apple, or independent websites not controlled or tested by Apple, is provided without recommendation or endorsement. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the selection, performance, or use of third-party websites or products. Apple makes no representations regarding third-party website accuracy or reliability. Contact the vendor for additional information." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to clean your Apple products - Apple Support\n\n# How to clean your Apple products\n\nGet recommendations and guidelines for cleaning your Mac, iPad, iPhone, iPod,\ndisplay, or peripheral device.\n\nApple products are made with a variety of materials, and each material might\nhave specific cleaning requirements. To get started, here are some tips that\napply to all products:\n\n * Use only a soft, lint-free cloth. Avoid abrasive cloths, towels, paper towels, or similar items.\n * Avoid excessive wiping, which might cause damage.\n * Unplug all external power sources, devices, and cables.\n * Keep liquids away from the product, unless otherwise noted for specific products.\n * Don't get moisture into any openings.\n * Don't use aerosol sprays, bleaches, or abrasives.\n * Don't spray cleaners directly onto the item.\n\nIs it OK to use a disinfectant on my Apple product? Using a 70 percent\nisopropyl alcohol wipe, 75 percent ethyl alcohol wipe, or Clorox Disinfecting\nWipes, you may gently wipe the hard, nonporous surfaces of your Apple product,\nsuch as the display, keyboard, or other exterior surfaces. Don't use products\ncontaining bleach or hydrogen peroxide. Avoid getting moisture in any opening,\nand don't submerge your Apple product in any cleaning agents. Don't use on\nfabric or leather surfaces.\n\nIf liquid makes its way inside your Apple product, get help from an Apple\nAuthorized Service Provider or Apple Store as soon as possible. Liquid damage\nisn't covered under the Apple product warranty or AppleCare Protection Plans,\nbut you may have rights under consumer law. If you plan to visit an Apple\nStore, make a reservation at the Genius Bar (available only in some countries\nand regions).\n\nFor more detailed instructions, select your Apple product:\n\n * Notebook computers\n\n * Desktop computers\n\n * Displays\n\n * Peripherals\n\n * AirPods\n\n * HomePod\n\n * iPhone accessories\n\n * iPad accessories\n\n * Apple Watch\n\n * iPad\n\n * iPod\n\n * iPhone\n\n## Notebook computers\n\nLearn how to clean your Mac notebook computer.\n\nMacBook, MacBook Pro, and MacBook Air\n\nWhen cleaning the outside of your MacBook, MacBook Pro, or MacBook Air, first\nshut down your computer and unplug the power adapter. Then use a damp, soft,\nlint-free cloth to clean the computer's exterior. Avoid getting moisture in\nany openings. Don't spray liquid directly on the computer. Don't use aerosol\nsprays, solvents, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide that\nmight damage the finish.\n\nTo clean the screen on your MacBook, MacBook Pro, or MacBook Air, first shut\ndown the computer and unplug the power adapter. Dampen a soft, lint-free cloth\nwith water only, then use it to clean the computer's screen. To clean hard-to-\nremove smudges, you can moisten the cloth with a 70-percent isopropyl alcohol\n(IPA) solution.\n\nMacBook Pro models from 2016 and later with Touch Bar and Touch ID: Clean the\nTouch Bar and Touch ID (power button) on these computers the same way you\nwould clean the display. Shut down your Mac and unplug the power adapter.\nDampen a soft, lint-free cloth with water only, then use it to clean the Touch\nBar and Touch ID.\n\nMacBook (13-inch, Late 2009) and MacBook (13-inch, Mid 2010): The bottom case\nof these computers uses a soft nonslip material. Use a 3M Gray Microfiber or\nsoft dye-free, lint-free cloth to clean the bottom case.\n\nBack to top.\n\n## Desktop computers\n\nLearn how to clean your Mac desktop computer.\n\nMac Pro, Mac mini, and iMac\n\nIf your iMac has nano-texture glass, learn how to clean the nano-texture glass\non your Apple display.\n\nFirst, shut down your Mac and unplug the power cord along with other connected\ndevices. Then use a damp, soft, lint-free cloth to clean the computer's\nexterior. Avoid getting moisture in any openings. Don't spray liquid directly\non the computer. Don't use aerosol sprays, solvents, abrasives, or cleaners\ncontaining hydrogen peroxide that might damage the finish.\n\nTo clean the display on your iMac, dampen the cloth that came with your\niMac—or another clean, soft, lint-free cloth—with water only, and then wipe\nthe screen. To clean hard-to-remove smudges, you can moisten the cloth with a\n70-percent isopropyl alcohol (IPA) solution.\n\nDon't clean the screen of your iMac with a cleaner containing acetone. Use a\ncleaner intended for use with a screen or display. Never spray cleaner\ndirectly on the screen. It might drip inside the display and cause damage.\n\nBack to top.\n\n## Displays\n\nIf your Apple Pro Display XDR has nano-texture glass, learn how to clean the\nnano-texture glass on your Apple display. The following guidelines are for\ncleaning the Apple Thunderbolt Display and other Apple displays.\n\nFirst, disconnect the display from power, from its connection to a computer,\nand from any external devices. Then use the cloth that came with your display\nor another soft, dry cloth to wipe dust from the screen.\n\nIf additional cleaning of the display panel or case is required, use a soft,\nslightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use\nwindow cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia,\nabrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean the display.\n\nDon't clean the screen of your display with a cleaner containing acetone. Use\na cleaner intended for use with a screen or display. Never spray cleaner\ndirectly on the screen. It might drip inside the display and cause damage.\n\nBack to top.\n\n## Peripherals\n\nApple wireless or USB keyboards, mice, and trackpads\n\nFirst, power off the device. If your device uses removable batteries, remove\nthe batteries. (If your device is wired, simply unplug it from your computer.)\n\nNext, clean the outside of your device with a lint-free cloth lightly\nmoistened with water. Don't get moisture in any openings or use aerosol\nsprays, solvents, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide.\n\nIf your Magic Mouse or Magic Mouse 2 isn’t tracking properly, there might be a\nhair or other debris on the sensor lens. Turn the mouse over and inspect the\nsensor window using a bright light. If you see debris, use compressed air to\ngently clean the sensor window.\n\nBack to top.\n\n## iPhone accessories\n\niPhone case—silicone\n\nTo clean your silicone iPhone case, remove your iPhone from the case. Use a\nsoft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth to wipe the outside and the inside of the\niPhone case. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays,\nsolvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to\nclean the iPhone case.\n\niPhone case—leather\n\nThe leather iPhone case is made from natural leather. Its appearance will\nchange as you use it. It might acquire a patina and might change color due to\nthe oils from your skin and direct sunlight, further enhancing the natural\nlook.\n\nCleaning the leather iPhone case might affect its color. If you choose to\nclean this case, first remove it from your iPhone. Use a clean cloth with warm\nwater and mild hand soap to gently clean the iPhone case. You can also use a\nmild cleaner along with a dry clean cloth. Leather cleaners and conditioners\ncan change the color of leather.\n\nKeep your iPhone case away from prolonged intense sunlight, heat, and\nhumidity. Exposure to water, oil, makeup, and dyed materials (such as denim)\ncan stain tanned leathers.\n\niPhone case—clear\n\nTo clean your clear iPhone case, remove your iPhone from the case. Use a soft,\ndry, lint-free cloth to wipe the outside and inside of the case. Don't use\nwindow cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia,\nabrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean the case.\n\niPhone Smart Battery Case\n\nTo clean your Smart Battery Case, remove your iPhone from the case. Use a\nsoft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth to wipe the outside of the case. Don't\nuse window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia,\nabrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean the case.\n\nWhen cleaning the internal Lightning connector, use a soft, dry, lint-free\ncloth, and don’t use liquids or cleaning products.\n\niPhone MagSafe accessories\n\nMagSafe Charger and MagSafe Battery Pack contain magnets that might attract\ndebris during everyday use. Brush off any debris from the magnetic ring before\ncleaning these accessories.\n\nUnplug your MagSafe Charger or MagSafe Battery Pack from power. Then use a\nsoft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth to wipe the silicone middle of the\ncharging area. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays,\nsolvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to\nclean your MagSafe Charger or MagSafe Battery Pack.\n\nLearn how to clean your iPhone.\n\nBack to top.\n\n## iPad accessories\n\nApple Pencil\n\nTo clean your Apple Pencil, use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. With\nthe damp cloth, wipe your Apple Pencil from the tip end—but not the tip\nitself—toward the other end of your Apple Pencil. Don’t allow moisture to get\ninside the seam between the tip and the body of your Apple Pencil.\n\niPad Smart Keyboard, Smart Keyboard Folio, Smart Cover, and Smart\nCase—polyurethane\n\nTo clean your polyurethane Smart Keyboard, Smart Keyboard Folio, Smart Cover,\nor Smart Case, first remove it from the iPad. Use a soft, slightly damp, lint-\nfree cloth. Wipe the front and the inside with a soft, lint-free cloth.\n\nDon't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents,\nammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean this\nproduct.\n\niPad Magic Keyboard\n\nTo clean your Magic Keyboard, first remove it from the iPad. Use a soft,\nslightly damp, lint-free cloth. Wipe the front and the inside with a soft,\nlint-free cloth. You may use a 70 percent isopropyl alcohol wipe or Clorox\nDisinfecting Wipes. Avoid getting moisture in any opening, and don't submerge\nyour Magic Keyboard in any cleaning agents. Don't use window cleaners,\nhousehold cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners\ncontaining hydrogen peroxide to clean this product.\n\nAvoid prolonged contact with other materials, as color transfer may occur.\n\niPad Smart Cover and Smart Case—leather\n\nThe iPad leather cover/case is made from natural leather. Its appearance will\nchange as you use it. It might acquire a patina and might change color due to\nthe oils from your skin and direct sunlight, further enhancing the natural\nlook.\n\nCleaning the leather might affect its color. If you choose to clean the\nleather, first remove the cover/case from your iPad. Use a clean cloth with\nwarm water and mild hand soap to gently clean the leather. Wipe the outside\nand the inside with a soft, lint-free cloth to remove any dirt. You can also\nuse a mild cleaner along with a dry clean cloth. Mild cleaners or conditioners\nmight help remove some stains but might also change the color of the leather.\n\nKeep your iPad leather cover/case away from prolonged intense sunlight, heat,\nand humidity. Exposure to water, oil, makeup, and dyed materials (such as\ndenim) can stain tanned leathers.\n\niPad Silicone Case\n\nTo clean your iPad Silicone Case, remove your iPad from the case. Use a soft,\nslightly damp, lint-free cloth to wipe the outside and the inside of the case.\nDon't use window cleaners, household cleaners, aerosol sprays, solvents,\nammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean the iPad\ncase.\n\nBack to top.\n\n## iPad\n\nHandle your iPad with care to maintain its appearance. If you're concerned\nabout scratching or abrasion, you can use one of the many cases sold\nseparately. To clean iPad, unplug all cables and turn off iPad (press and hold\nthe Sleep/Wake button, and then slide the onscreen slider). Use a soft,\nslightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use\nwindow cleaners, household cleaners, compressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents,\nammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean iPad.\niPad has an oleophobic coating on the screen; simply wipe iPad's screen with a\nsoft, lint-free cloth to remove oil left by your hands. The ability of this\ncoating to repel oil will diminish over time with normal usage, and rubbing\nthe screen with an abrasive material will further diminish its effect and\nmight scratch your screen.\n\nBack to top.\n\n## iPod\n\niPod touch\n\nTo clean iPod touch, unplug all cables and turn off iPod touch (press and hold\nthe Sleep/Wake button, and then slide the onscreen slider). Then use a soft,\nslightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture in openings. Don't use\nwindow cleaners, household cleaners, compressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents,\nammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen peroxide to clean iPod\ntouch.\n\niPod classic\n\nTo clean iPod classic, unplug all cables, turn iPod classic off, and slide the\nHold switch to HOLD. Then use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid\ngetting moisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners,\ncompressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners\ncontaining hydrogen peroxide to clean iPod classic.\n\niPod nano\n\nTo clean iPod nano, unplug all cables, turn iPod nano off, and slide the Hold\nswitch to HOLD. Then use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting\nmoisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners,\ncompressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners\ncontaining hydrogen peroxide to clean iPod nano.\n\nOn iPod nano 6th generation, which has no hold switch, you need to press only\nthe Sleep/Wake button to turn the device off before cleaning.\n\niPod shuffle\n\nTo clean iPod shuffle, unplug all cables, turn it off (slide the switch to\nOFF), and use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting moisture\nin openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners, compressed air,\naerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners containing hydrogen\nperoxide to clean iPod shuffle.\n\niPod mini\n\nTo clean iPod mini, unplug all cables, turn iPod mini off, and slide the Hold\nswitch to HOLD. Then use a soft, slightly damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid getting\nmoisture in openings. Don't use window cleaners, household cleaners,\ncompressed air, aerosol sprays, solvents, ammonia, abrasives, or cleaners\ncontaining hydrogen peroxide to clean iPod mini.\n\nBack to top.\n\n## Learn more\n\nFor more information on cleaning, handling, and working with your Apple\nProduct, please refer to the User Guide that came with your product or\ndownload a copy.\n\nInformation about products not manufactured by Apple, or independent websites\nnot controlled or tested by Apple, is provided without recommendation or\nendorsement. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the selection,\nperformance, or use of third-party websites or products. Apple makes no\nrepresentations regarding third-party website accuracy or reliability. Contact\nthe vendor for additional information.\n\nPublished Date: August 19, 2021\n\nThanks for your feedback.\n\n## Start a discussion in Apple Support Communities\n\n## Apple Footer\n\nUnited States\n\nCopyright © 2021 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Use Sales and Refunds Site Map\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.windowscentral.com/how-clean-and-disinfect-your-laptop", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181228154754/https://www.windowscentral.com/how-clean-and-disinfect-your-laptop", "parsed_text": { "title": "The right way to clean and disinfect your laptop", "passages": [ "Your laptop goes everywhere you go, so naturally it can get a little gross. Here's how to make your notebook PC a little less ... grimy.", "Eating while typing is a bad habit. Every little food particle your don't wipe off your fingers tends to end up on the keyboard, and then they're cycled inside through to the actual innards of the laptop chassis.", "Such is the life of an organic being using a stationary tech product with plenty of crevices for things to fall into. But with a little bit of patience and some time, you can easily clean your laptop so that it stays fresh through even the most perilous, dirt-ridden journeys.", "You'll want some sort of cleaning solution that will disinfect the laptop body. I built my own little collection of pre-mixed spritzers based on whatever I could find on sale at Amazon, but there are plenty of highly-rated kits available for purchase, like this one from Tech Armor, which comes bundled with separate chassis and screen cleaning solutions.", "You could also make your own chassis cleaning solution with eight ounces of rubbing alcohol and eight ounces of distilled water. A 50/50 mixture of white vinegar and distilled water also works if you're into keeping things relatively green and don't mind the intense smell of vinegar. A tiny bit of mild dish soap on a sponge will do just fine, too.", "First, turn off your laptop completely and then unplug it. Grab the can of compressed air and start blowing out the various ports where you see dust has accumulated, ensuring that whatever little particles are in there are flying up and out. If you see that there's too much grossness to clear out with just the compressed air, grab a fine toothpick and carefully dig out the grime. Be careful not to puncture the speakers and not to bend any prongs that might be needed for proper connections between peripherals. If you see debris collecting in other parts of the laptop, such as the cracks around the actual frame, you can clear those out with a toothpick.", "A wrung-out sponge with a bit of mild dish soap can do the job just as well as any pre-mixed cleaning solution.", "Next, quickly soak a sponge in a bit of dish soap, run it under the faucet, and then wring it out until it's dry. (Note: Do not clean your laptop with a soaking wet sponge.) Gently wipe down the laptop case – the front, the back, and across the keyboard. But don't be rough, or you could end up popping off a key by accident.", "For quicker cleaning experiences, a pre-moistened cleaning cloth is just as apt at cleaning your laptop as the multi-step cleaning process. Grab a brand like these Wireless Wipes, which smell nice and clean your device. If you purchased the aforementioned Tech Armor cleaning kit, it comes with a number of easily concealable portable wipes.", "You might also consider using hand sanitizer between meals and before touching your laptop. A little can go a long way, and I've often found that something as simple as a small bottle of Purell hand sanitizer can work miracles at removing dirt from the skin." ] }, "parsed_md": "The right way to clean and disinfect your laptop | Windows Central\n\nSkip to main content\n\nOrder: Surface Pro 6 | Surface Laptop 2 | Surface Studio 2\n\nOrder Microsoft Surface Go Dell XPS 13\n\n * Last Minute Gift Deals\n * Best Reviews 2018\n * Surface Go\n * Surface Book 2\n * Surface Laptop 2\n * Surface Pro 6\n * Xbox One X\n * Best VPN Services\n * Windows 10\n\nKeyboard crud is gross\n\n# The right way to clean and disinfect your laptop\n\nYour laptop goes everywhere you go, so naturally it can get a little gross.\nHere's how to make your notebook PC a little less ... grimy.\n\nFlorence Ion\n\n5 May 2017\n\nEating while typing is a bad habit. Every little food particle your don't wipe\noff your fingers tends to end up on the keyboard, and then they're cycled\ninside through to the actual innards of the laptop chassis.\n\nSuch is the life of an organic being using a stationary tech product with\nplenty of crevices for things to fall into. But with a little bit of patience\nand some time, you can easily clean your laptop so that it stays fresh through\neven the most perilous, dirt-ridden journeys.\n\nHere's how.\n\n## Make a cleaning kit\n\n> You can keep your laptop looking good with just a few key ingredients.\n\nNo matter where you are in life, you can keep your laptop looking good with\njust a few key ingredients. At home, stock up on 70 percent or higher rubbing\nalcohol and toothpicks. You should also grab a pack of microfiber cloths, as\nwell as a can of compressed air, which is particularly good for blowing out\ndust from all the different ports on your laptop. You'll also want to put\naside a clean dish sponge for a quick wipe down of the device.\n\nThe necessities for cleaning your laptop are really quite basic.\n\nYou'll want some sort of cleaning solution that will disinfect the laptop\nbody. I built my own little collection of pre-mixed spritzers based on\nwhatever I could find on sale at Amazon, but there are plenty of highly-rated\nkits available for purchase, like this one from Tech Armor, which comes\nbundled with separate chassis and screen cleaning solutions.\n\nYou could also make your own chassis cleaning solution with eight ounces of\nrubbing alcohol and eight ounces of distilled water. A 50/50 mixture of white\nvinegar and distilled water also works if you're into keeping things\nrelatively green and don't mind the intense smell of vinegar. A tiny bit of\nmild dish soap on a sponge will do just fine, too.\n\n## How to clean your laptop\n\nFirst, turn off your laptop completely and then unplug it. Grab the can of\ncompressed air and start blowing out the various ports where you see dust has\naccumulated, ensuring that whatever little particles are in there are flying\nup and out. If you see that there's too much grossness to clear out with just\nthe compressed air, grab a fine toothpick and carefully dig out the grime. Be\ncareful not to puncture the speakers and not to bend any prongs that might be\nneeded for proper connections between peripherals. If you see debris\ncollecting in other parts of the laptop, such as the cracks around the actual\nframe, you can clear those out with a toothpick.\n\nA wrung-out sponge with a bit of mild dish soap can do the job just as well as\nany pre-mixed cleaning solution.\n\nNext, quickly soak a sponge in a bit of dish soap, run it under the faucet,\nand then wring it out until it's dry. (Note: Do not clean your laptop with a\nsoaking wet sponge.) Gently wipe down the laptop case – the front, the back,\nand across the keyboard. But don't be rough, or you could end up popping off a\nkey by accident.\n\n> Don't use the compressed air to directly blow into the keyboard.\n\nAnother word of caution: Don't use the compressed air to directly blow into\nthe crevices between the keys on the keyboard. This could actually push down\ndebris further. Some people have expressed better luck with a vacuum cleaner,\nso if you have one with a small enough attachment, you can turn it on and run\nit across the keyboard and its cracks to pick up any loose crud. The best part\nis that you don't have to see any of it get sucked up!\n\nCompressed air can be a friend and a foe. Use it wisely.\n\n## Cleaning the screen\n\n> Do not use an alcohol- or ammonia-based cleaner on your laptop's LCD screen.\n\nAbsolutely do not use an alcohol- or ammonia-based cleaner on your laptop's\nLCD screen. This can damage the display, rendering your laptop useless. It's\neven more detrimental to touchscreen-based displays. If you need to clean it,\ninvest in a safe screen cleaning solution that comes bundled with a fresh\nmicrofiber cloth. A little dish soap on the sponge goes a long way, too, but\nmake sure there aren't any particles on the sponge or you could end up\nscratching your laptop's display.\n\n## Cleaning on the go\n\nFor quicker cleaning experiences, a pre-moistened cleaning cloth is just as\napt at cleaning your laptop as the multi-step cleaning process. Grab a brand\nlike these Wireless Wipes, which smell nice and clean your device. If you\npurchased the aforementioned Tech Armor cleaning kit, it comes with a number\nof easily concealable portable wipes.\n\nYou might also consider using hand sanitizer between meals and before touching\nyour laptop. A little can go a long way, and I've often found that something\nas simple as a small bottle of Purell hand sanitizer can work miracles at\nremoving dirt from the skin.\n\nNow, go forth and cleanse your computer.\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links. See our disclosure policy for more\ndetails.\n\n * Help & How To\n\nMobile Nations 500M Consumers Reached Yearly\n\n * Copyright 2018 Mobile Nations\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your Ad Choices\n * Careers: Writer | Dev\n * Licensing\n * External Links Disclosure\n\nAdvertising Partner\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.pcworld.com/article/240921/how_to_clean_your_laptop_or_lcd_monitor.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210420003358/https://www.pcworld.com/article/240921/how_to_clean_your_laptop_or_lcd_monitor.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Clean Your Laptop or Desktop LCD", "passages": [ "Recently someone asked me if it was okay to spray Windex on her monitor. I think my shriek of horror startled her. It is NOT okay to spray Windex on a monitor, nor anything else. In fact, when it comes to cleaning an LCD screen, there's a right way and a wrong way. Let's focus on the right way (natch).", "For starters, turn your monitor off. In fact, if you want to eliminate any risk of shock or other electrical damage, unplug it altogether. (I really don't think this is necessary, but better safe than sorry.) There will be some moisture involved in this cleaning, and the last thing you want is for liquid to come into contact with anything powered.", "Next, find a clean, soft cloth (paper towel will do, but it's far from the best choice), then dampen it with water. Don't soak it--there should be no dripping to speak of--just get it moist. And don't use anything other than water. Ammonia- and alcohol-based cleaners can ruin an LCD. If your screen is seriously gunked up, and plain water doesn't get the job done, here's a homebrow option: create a 50/50 solution of distilled water and white vinegar.", "If you decide to use a spray bottle, make sure you don't spray it directly on the screen. That's because drops can seep in around the bezel (and/or land in the keyboard), and, again, moisture and electronics don't mix. What you can do is spray your water or solution onto the cloth, then wipe the screen. Use a circular motion, which is best for eliminating streaks, and apply only light pressure.", "Finally, let the screen air-dry for a few minutes, or gently wipe it dry with a fresh cloth. Only when you're absolutely certain it's 100 percent dry, plug it back in and turn it on. And there you go: good as new!", "Contributing Editor Rick Broida writes about business and consumer technology. Ask for help with your PC hassles at hasslefree@pcworld.com, or try the treasure trove of helpful folks in the PC World Community Forums. Sign up to have the Hassle-Free PC newsletter e-mailed to you each week.", "Note: When you purchase something after clicking links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. Read our affiliate link policy for more details.", "PCWorld helps you navigate the PC ecosystem to find the products you want and the advice you need to get the job done." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Clean Your Laptop or Desktop LCD | PCWorld\n\nClose Ad\n\n * Subscribe\n\n▲\n\nLearn more about PCWorld's Digital Editions\n\nHome\n\n * News\n * Reviews\n * How-To\n * Video\n * Deals\n\n * All Deals\n * Coupon Codes»\n\n * Shop\n * Software Store\n\n * Laptops\n * Desktop PCs\n * Mobile\n * Windows\n * Security\n * Gaming\n * Business\n * Subscribe\n\n * Resources\n * Computers\n * Productivity Software\n * Smartphones\n * Graphics Cards\n * Blogs\n * Sponsorships\n\n * Computer Components\n * Computer Accessories\n * CPUs and Processors\n * E-readers\n * Hard Drives\n * Input Devices\n * Keyboards\n * Laptop Accessories\n\n * Mobile\n * Monitors\n * Networking\n * Operating Systems\n * Printers\n * Routers\n * Smartwatches\n * Streaming Services\n\n * Storage\n * Tablets\n * TV and Video\n * Ultrabook\n * Viruses\n * Windows\n\nHassle-Free PC\n\nBy Rick Broida, PCWorld\n\n|\n\nAbout |\n\nSmart fixes for your PC hassles\n\nHow-To\n\n# How to Clean Your Laptop or Desktop LCD\n\nToday's Best Tech Deals\n\nPicked by PCWorld's Editors\n\nFind More Hand-Picked Tech Deals\n\nTop Deals On Great Products\n\nPicked by Techconnect's Editors\n\nSee More Hand-Picked Deals\n\nRecently someone asked me if it was okay to spray Windex on her monitor. I\nthink my shriek of horror startled her. It is NOT okay to spray Windex on a\nmonitor, nor anything else. In fact, when it comes to cleaning an LCD screen,\nthere's a right way and a wrong way. Let's focus on the right way (natch).\n\nFor starters, turn your monitor off. In fact, if you want to eliminate any\nrisk of shock or other electrical damage, unplug it altogether. (I really\ndon't think this is necessary, but better safe than sorry.) There will be some\nmoisture involved in this cleaning, and the last thing you want is for liquid\nto come into contact with anything powered.\n\nNext, find a clean, soft cloth (paper towel will do, but it's far from the\nbest choice), then dampen it with water. Don't soak it--there should be no\ndripping to speak of--just get it moist. And don't use anything other than\nwater. Ammonia- and alcohol-based cleaners can ruin an LCD. If your screen is\nseriously gunked up, and plain water doesn't get the job done, here's a\nhomebrow option: create a 50/50 solution of distilled water and white vinegar.\n\nIf you decide to use a spray bottle, make sure you don't spray it directly on\nthe screen. That's because drops can seep in around the bezel (and/or land in\nthe keyboard), and, again, moisture and electronics don't mix. What you can do\nis spray your water or solution onto the cloth, then wipe the screen. Use a\ncircular motion, which is best for eliminating streaks, and apply only light\npressure.\n\nFinally, let the screen air-dry for a few minutes, or gently wipe it dry with\na fresh cloth. Only when you're absolutely certain it's 100 percent dry, plug\nit back in and turn it on. And there you go: good as new!\n\nNow keep those smudgy fingers of yours off that precious LCD!\n\nContributing Editor Rick Broida writes about business and consumer technology.\nAsk for help with your PC hassles at hasslefree@pcworld.com, or try the\ntreasure trove of helpful folks in the PC World Community Forums. Sign up to\nhave the Hassle-Free PC newsletter e-mailed to you each week.\n\nNote: When you purchase something after clicking links in our articles, we may\nearn a small commission. Read our affiliate link policy for more details.\n\nRelated:\n\n * Monitors\n\nShop Tech Products at Amazon\n\n### Coupon Codes\n\n * #### Target Promo Code\n\n##### Up to 25% off sitewide - Target coupon\n\n * #### eBay Coupon\n\n##### $10 eBay coupon for invited users\n\n * #### Overstock Coupon\n\n##### Save $50 on your order of $600 with Overstock promo code\n\n * #### JCPenney coupon\n\n##### Additional 15% off all orders with JCPenney promo code\n\n * #### Sam's Club Coupon\n\n##### Sam's Club promo - 40% off 1-year membership\n\n * #### iRobot Coupon\n\n##### Get free shipping on all orders at iRobot\n\nPCWorld\n\nPCWorld helps you navigate the PC ecosystem to find the products you want and\nthe advice you need to get the job done.\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Digital Magazine\n * Gift Subscription\n * Ad Choices\n * Member Preferences\n * Cookie Policy\n * Newsletters\n * Terms of Service Agreement\n * RSS\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Shop\n * E-commerce Affiliate Relationships\n * California: Do Not Sell My Personal Info\n\n## PCWorld Categories\n\n * Business\n * Laptops\n * Mobile\n * PC Hardware\n * Deals\n\n * Printers\n * Security\n * Software\n * Videos\n * Windows\n\n### IDG Network Sites\n\n * Advertise\n * Permissions\n * Macworld\n * Tech Advisor\n * TechHive\n\n * IDG TechNetwork\n * IDG\n * IDG Blog\n * Careers at IDG\n\n## Get PCWorld's Digital Editions\n\nSubscribe Now\n\nFollow us\n\nVisit other IDG sites:\n\nCopyright © 2021 IDG Communications, Inc.\n\n" } ]
136,986
How To Get Your Parents to Like Your Boyfriend
It can be nerve-wracking if you think your parents won’t like your boyfriend, but if you’re open and honest with them and listen to their concerns, you can ease any tensions that might come up. Talk about your boyfriend around your parents, since open communication about the relationship will make them less worried about you. When you introduce him for the first time, meet up in a low-pressure setting, like at your house for dinner, which will make things less stressful. As everyone chats, find things your boyfriend and your parents have in common. For example, if your boyfriend plays soccer and your parents love sports, try bringing that up! If your parents don’t approve, listen to their perspective, even if you think they’re wrong. This will show them that you care about what they have to say. Then, calmly and politely ask that they respect your choices to date this person.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20181122011533/https://www.loveisrespect.org/content/when-your-family-doesnt-approve-of-your-partner/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180112094132/http://www.hercampus.com:80/love/relationships/how-get-your-parents-your-boyfriend", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210722132635/https://www.loveisrespect.org/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170903035202/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/christine-hassler/my-parents-or-my-boyfrien_b_241684.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180821222542/http://stayteen.org:80/sex-ed/article/how-get-your-parents-understand", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210306085156/https://psychcentral.com/lib/when-your-parents-disapprove-of-your-partner" ]
train
636
[ { "original_url": "https://www.loveisrespect.org/content/when-your-family-doesnt-approve-of-your-partner/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181122011533/https://www.loveisrespect.org/content/when-your-family-doesnt-approve-of-your-partner/", "parsed_text": { "title": "When Your Family Doesn’t Approve of Your Partner", "passages": [ "Tip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the bottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge web browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website after hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.", "When you’re in a relationship, it may be important to you that your family gets along with your partner. And that makes total sense! It’s awesome when our partners can be involved in multiple areas of our lives and hang out with the other people we care about.", "But what if that’s not the case? What if your parents or other family members disapprove of your partner? This can be really tough. It might make you feel terrible or torn between your family and your partner.", "You might want to react defensively and maybe angrily toward your family if they tell you they don’t approve of your partner. You might even want to ignore what they say and just shut them out or keep your relationship a secret from them. Those are pretty common first reactions, but it can be helpful to think through the situation further.", "Would keeping your relationship a secret from your family make you feel good in the long run? It might seem like the easiest solution, but remember: all healthy relationships are built on trust, respect and communication, and that includes your relationship with your family. If you already have a relatively healthy relationship with your family members (in other words, you feel safe talking to them and aren’t worried about them becoming verbally or physically abusive), it could help to find out what their specific objections are to your partner/relationship.", "While the conversation might be difficult, it’s important to approach your family members as calmly and respectfully as possible. Ask them why they have an issue with your partner. Do they feel that your partner is too controlling? Do they not like the way your partner talks to you? Do they think that your partner doesn’t respect you? They may see some unhealthy behaviors in your partner that you don’t see. Still not convinced? Ask your friends what they think about your partner. Do they have the same concerns as your family? If so, take some time to consider whether or not any of your partner’s behaviors are warning signs. You can always call, chat or text with a loveisrespect peer advocate if you need more help!", "If your family members can’t offer any specific reasons why they don’t approve of your partner, or if they don’t like your partner’s race, religion, sexual orientation or appearance, then the situation gets a little stickier. Disliking someone based on these factors is called prejudice, and that has more to do with your family members than your partner. How you handle this depends on what kind of relationship you have with your family, whether you still live with them, and how safe you feel with them. You might respectfully let them know that while you appreciate their feelings, you don’t agree with them. You could suggest that you all try spending more time together so they can get to know your partner better. If the relationship is causing too much strife with your family, you might consider taking a step back and building a friendship with your partner while you work things out with your family members, if that’s possible. Ultimately, what’s important is that you do what’s healthiest for you and your life.", "Dealing with relationship issues and need to talk to someone? We’re here for you 24/7. Call, chat or text with us!", "Hey there! I’m in a bit of a bind. My partner (being my first serious love) and I have broken up twice. The first time because he lashed out on me and said a lot of hurtful things. The second because of Long distance. We are in South Africa and he is going to the States to study further. I haven’t seen him now for 3 months. My family and friends were/are very involved in my personal life. Something I regret because I get influenced by them a lot. They don’t approve of him because of the way he has treated me. If he gets really mad and hurt, he lashes out and says things that are difficult to take back. He had apologized for everything he has done, even mentioned specific things (which is something, because he has too much pride to apologize). I forgive him very easily, and I manage to dust myself off. I love this man with everything in my being and I believe him when he says he is working on himself. He had proposed to me three times, I denied it every time because I know my family and friends won’t really like it. Although, I can imagine a life and a family with him as clearly as if it were a reality already. I have been with other men, but I can’t stay committed to any of them. I try to satisfy my family and friends, but I’m not entirely happy... How do I handle this situation? Please help me", "Thank you so much for being a part of our online community and reaching out to us with your comment! It sounds like you’re in a really difficult situation. Something that might be important to keep in mind is that, while anger is something that everyone experiences at some point in their life, there are healthy ways to deal with that, and lashing out and saying hurtful things is not okay. You deserve to be treated with respect all of the time, not just when it is convenient for him.", "It is great to hear that he may have recognized that his behavior in the past is problematic, but his apologies are not something that should stand alone as a fix for his unhealthy behavior. They must also be backed up by change in how he is choosing to work through his anger and how he treats you. You deserve to be happy and prioritize your own needs. In a healthy relationship, partners work through issues together in a way that does not require one person to be resilient to personal attack. While it sounds like you are an incredibly strong and resilient person, it may be important to ask yourself if his hurtful way of addressing issues does not change, when will that strain on your emotional wellbeing start to seriously affect your happiness?", "It can be really tough for friends and family to see someone they care about in a situation where they are concerned for your wellbeing. It seems like you really care about your partner, and it has to be your choice about how to proceed with your relationship and what the best options are for you. While it is easy to imagine what a life with him might be like, it might be important to keep in mind that expectations are not necessarily reflected by reality. A healthy relationship is built on trust, respect, and open communication, and if you are the only one in the relationship willing to consistently work toward these principles, the relationship will not be healthy.", "Because we are a national organization based in the United States, our options for giving local resources for support in South Africa is not something we are able to do. However, if you are able to call us (1.866.331.9474), our advocates are here 24/7 to offer you a safe space to talk through your situation with you!", "Ive been with my boyfriend for over a year now. He is incredible and makes me so happy- he’s been nothing but supportive and kind since day one, and we share so many things in common. The unfortunate part is he met my much older sister prior to meeting me. They were only friends and never dated- but because he is closer to my age- my sister told him about me and showed pictures. One day I met him at my house and we had an immediate connection. Several weeks later he found me on social networking and we became friends. We had been talking for months and before we knew it- we were crazy for eachother. We decided to start dating. Ever since my sister has made the relationship a complete disaster. She claims Im stealing “her” friends and that he was “hers” first. Mind you- they never dated. She refuses to acknowledge him as ever being someone to join this family. My sister is incrediby selfish and stubborn and shes the type to hold a grudge and never let go. This dispute has also cause my mother to disapprove of my relationship since day one. She tells me its “wrong” and i should have “never dated anyone my sister knew in any capacity”. Shes rarely friendly when my boyfriend comes to visit. And shes made it clear that “he will never be welcome for holidays ever in this family”. Shes even gone as far as to say shes waiting for me to move on and meet someone else. Regardless of this treatment, my handy boyfriend is always willing to lend a helping hand around my house. Im in my mid twenties and im absolutely crushed. This man means the world to me, but I’m afraid this will permanently affect my family dynamics forever. Ive made it clear to my family it was never my intention for this to happen- but sometimes you cant predict love. The perpetual stress my family has caused is breaking me down, like Im sure theyre hoping for. Most of all, its not fair for my boyfriend do be treated with such disrespect. Any advice?", "It takes courage to talk about what’s going on, especially when you’re experiencing conflict among the people you care so much about. Your family members have the right to their feelings and opinions but it’s not okay that they are choosing to communicate with you in such hurtful ways. I hear that their opinions and how they’re choosing to express them are extremely painful and stressful to you. It’s concerning to hear that you feel your family would hope for you to become overwhelmed with stress to the point of breaking down. That doesn’t sound like a healthy environment or honest, trustworthy relationships. You deserve to be safe and treated with respect in all relationships, not just intimate ones.", "If you haven’t already, it may be helpful to talk to your boyfriend about the situation and what options might be best for you, as well as the two of you as a couple, when it comes to your family. One option might be asking them to talk to you both together, if that’s something you think would be safe for you, so the situation can be discussed by everyone involved. If you don’t feel safe talking to your family, it may be important for your health and well- being to consider your relationships with your family and how much interaction with them you want to have. You have the right to decide which relationships you’re in and that includes family relationships. Our advocates are here for you 24/7 if you’d like to talk about this more. Feel free to call us at 1-866-331-9474, text us (‘loveis’ to 22522), or chat us online here at http://www.loveisrespect.org.", "My mom her father and her boyfriend do not approve of my boyfriend because he’s Muslim and I’m Christian. It concerns her that if I continue to see him that I’ll marry him. I just rebuilt the relationship with my mom a few years back but I’m at a cross roads because I really like him but I don’t want my mom to stop talking to me because of this. He’s the first guy I’ve dated since my divorce almost 3 years ago and he’s the only guy that has ever treated me right. What should I do?", "Thank you for reaching out. For your family to not support your new partner is very frustrating and it can be confusing. It is clear that you care about both your boyfriend and your mom. You have a right to pick the partner you want and to have others in your life support that decision. There isn’t a way to make your mom feel a certain way about your partner. What you can do is to make steps to reach out to your family and have them learn more about your partner or to express your boundaries when it comes to your family talking about him. Ultimately, you are the only one that can decide what is best for you. If you would like to reach out to an advocate to talk about your situation in detail, we are here 24/7 on chat, text, and phone.", "My boyfriend is 26 and Im 38. We have been together almost a year and moved in together about 7 months ago. While its been a tough road (based on us moving in so quickly) and my children, its began to work its way out smoothly. It feels like both of our families our distant or non approving or our relationship, almost as if they don’t take it seriously or waiting for us to fail. It is frustrating and somewhat hurtful for me because I expected more support from my family and it is important that both our families are approving and supportive to some extent. We love each other and I feel this is a strong, valid relationship. Ive spoken to my boyfriend and he says we shouldn’t worry about what other peoples opinions are. Should I not put so much worry on what other people think? Any advice is appreciated.", "We’re so glad that you’re part of our online community. It takes courage to reach out for support and to talk about what you’re experiencing. It sounds like the situations with your and your partner’s families are hurtful and frustrating. As our blog posts mentions, the reasons for their feelings and actions could be because of things they’ve witnessed between you two or because of their own issues or beliefs.", "Respectful and honest communication is an important component of any healthy relationship, whether it’s a friendship, romantic or family relationship. If you feel safe talking to your family about how you feel, it may be a helpful option to connect with them and hopefully find the support you’re looking for. If you want to talk more about the situation or how to reach out to your family, please feel free to connect with one of our advocates. We are available 24 hours a day/every day by phone (866-331-9474), by text (text loveis is 22522) or chat here on our website.", "Hi I have been with my current partner for nearly 3 years and my family have never approved. I have been married before and they were never a fan of him either. My friends think my partner is great and makes me so happy. We are at the stage of moving in together and getting engaged. I have 2 boys who think he’s great .The big issue I have at the moment is my sister is getting married next year and we are close however she is not allowing my partner to the wedding. I have asked the family on numerous occasions what there problem is with him to which they cant answer. I am now contemplating not being a bridesmaid at the wedding as going alone knowing my partner is sitting at home will be horrible plus he would have been great at keeping the kids entertained .I love him so much but this situation is tearing us apart. He has never once said not to go to the wedding but I don’t think I could go and wouldn’t want to go on my own! Please help!! x", "Thank you for being a part of our online community, and I am so sorry that you are going through this! It sounds like your family is putting you in a really difficult situation, and if they are not able to offer any reason for their disapproval, this is not something that you can take responsibility for. You deserve to have your choices respected. It is not possible to make your family approve of your partner, and it’s not possible to understand why they do not approve of him if that is not something that they are willing to share with you.", "With the wedding, you know your situation best, and how you choose to proceed will have to be something that you decide. It may be helpful to talk through the options with your partner. Checking in with each other about where you are at in thinking through the issue, what options you both feel comfortable with, and what each of your needs are in working through this can be so helpful. You can feel justified in prioritizing your own wellbeing through this, and if your family is compromising that, setting clear boundaries with your family may be something that would be helpful to consider (this article talks through setting boundaries, and while it is written in the context of someone in a romantic relationship, there is still overlap in many of the principles for other relationship, such as with friends and family).", "If you would like to talk more about this situation and get talk through ideas for how you might approach working through this issue, I encourage you to reach out to us directly. Our advocates are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer a safe space to talk.", "My boyfriend mother doesn’t want him to be with me because I have two kids she never met me she don’t even know me One of my sons is 21 in college and other one is 16 and high school very respectable boys what should I do he wants to stay in a relationship and keep it a secret and I don’t want that should I leave", "We’re so glad you’re part of our online community and appreciate you sharing your experiences. It takes a lot of courage to talk about what you’re going through and the situation with your boyfriend’s mother sounds really hurtful. At this point, it seems that what you and your boyfriend each want are very different. It’s natural to have differences in a relationship and important that you’re able to talk about them honestly and respectfully.", "Deciding to stay or leave a relationship is a difficult choice to face and one that only you can make. It sounds like there is a big difference in what you and your boyfriend each want for your relationship. Sometimes, those differences cannot be resolved within the relationship and we encourage you to do what’s best for you and your family. If you’d like to talk more about the situation, feel free to call us at 866-331-474, text ‘loveis’ to 22522 or chat us online here anytime. Our advocates are available 24/7 to be a safe place for you to talk about what’s going on.", "Hello sir i have been in relationship with a guy since 2 years ..i am doing b.com(1st year) and he is doing a job ..i have kept this relationship a secret from my family .but they have caught me many times talking to him and have warned me several times to stop talking to him and forgot him ..but i can’t do that ..we both love each other and we want to marry each other but after completing my studies .They say that he is not right for me .he is not well- settled yet and also because he is hindu and i am sikh. I don’t get along well with my family .please sir help ..", "Thank you for reaching out for help with this, it sounds like an incredibly difficult and stressful situation to be in. If you love each other and are in a healthy relationship, it can be so difficult when your family doesn’t approve because of things like religious reasons. It’s a complicated situation, and it may be best for you to reach out and talk with one of our advocates. You can chat with us 24/7 through this website or call us at 1-866-331-9474.", "Hi,im 29 yrs a mother of two girls,13 yrs ago i met a guy and all was fine till we broke up.he met another lady,and as the reason for our break up was the distance,we were still very close and when eva we see each other one thing would lead to another,this has been going on till today,i have met people in my life but they cannot be like him,i cannot love them enough,he had so many problems with the lady in his life and he would always say he cannot live her because of the child they have together,and i understood as i also have children whom have a gud relationship with their father.My family cannot stand him,and i never understood why as he is a very nice person,and I believe its all because my fiance,the father of my kids has money and takes very gud care of us,but behind all the lavish lifestyle he does not treat me well,he is emotionally and at times gets physical with me,but around my family he is very loving.He went and had an affair with one of the ladies i knew as a friend and had two kids with her,and he made me keep that as a secret so he wud not look bad in front of my family.I want to liv him so i can be with someone i love and he is there willing and waiting for me to decide,but im scared of leaving as my fiance has promised to take my kids from me,he is an attorney with lots of connections,at the moment im scared i will not be able to provide for my kids on my own,will i be a bad mother to leave my kids in their comfortable home,will they hate me for abondoning them.Will they understand that i can only see them on holidays and weekends,please someone out there help me,i have neva been so scared of my own life.", "We’re so glad that you’re part of our online community. It sounds like the situation with your fiancé is dangerous and scary. You and your kids all have the right to be safe and we understand that sometimes the path to that safety isn’t clear. I can hear how concerned you are about your children’s safety and well-being, especially with the threats their father makes. Unfortunately, we know that abusive people will often use their children as a manipulation tactic to keep their partners trapped in the relationship. He has no right to threaten you or the kids or to use them this way.", "You have the right to decide what you do in your life and that includes whether you stay in this relationship. When it comes to leaving, there isn’t one right way to leave an abusive relationship, especially when you’re thinking about your children’s safety as well as your own. Safety looks different to each person because what each of us needs to feel safe is different. Our advocates are available 24/7 by phone (866-331-9474), text (text ‘loveis’ to 22522) and chat here online so you have a safe place to talk about possible options, including local resources. It may take time to find the best options for you and your children and I encourage you to be gentle with yourself as you work on figuring all of this out.", "I’m in a similar situation with my current girlfriend of 8 months. We are both in our 30’s and have good jobs. She has 4 kids and I have 1 kid, I sold my house and I bought a bigger house for all of us. Once things settled I noticed I’m over whelmed with her kids and our relationship and trying to blend this family is one of the hardest things I’ve done. My parents and family do not like her and now I feel like its effecting my relationship with my kid, who I see on a very limited basis. We are in therapy and what only after 8 months of being together I do not know what to do. Obviously we moved to fast and should’ve take things slower but I feel like I cant fix this. Please feel free to share your thoughts. Thank you.", "I’m so glad you know about us and that we’re here to provide support and encouragement around all types of romantic relationships. It’s natural to get excited about a new relationship and make decisions quickly. I can imagine there were a lot of factors that you and your partner considered, especially around your children and the new family you created. It can be really overwhelming when you realize that a lot of changes happened quickly, especially when they are big changes like buying a house and moving in together.", "It sounds like you’re also experiencing challenges in your relationships with your family and your child, which can be really difficult. I hear that you’re concerned about your child and the time you two have together. It’s great that you’re focusing on your relationship with your child; it demonstrates how thoughtful you are as a parent. Complex family situations rarely have a simple answer but we’re here 24/7 if you’d like to talk more about possible options and what might work for your family. You can speak with an advocate by phone at 866-331-9474, text (text ‘loveis’ to 22522) or online web chat anytime.", "I am 26 years old and I have been back with my high school boyfriend. My family disapproves of my relationship. I haven’t told them we are back together because they hate him. The thought of him brings out a side of them that is not appealing. Extreme pettiness! My mom can’t have conversation about him or his family without hitting below the belt. We were back and forth throughout high school and some of college. We both wanted to do our own things but wouldn’t let each other go. Both guilty of lying or cheating in that time period. We’ve been apart for at least 5-6 years. He’s had two kids in that time period. When I found out I was hurt because I was still in love with him, but I was dating other people and we were not together. We’ve been back together for 7 months and have discussed marriage and moving in together to be the goal, but he doesn’t want to move forward until I come clean to my parents. He’s never been disrespectful to anyone in my family! His family loves me and they understand that we’ve been through things but they have never been mean or treated me different. My family is a different story. They hold grudges forever. We were kids and I was no angel. They think he’s just a thug but that’s not true. We’ve grown up and learned a lot over the years and now we are willing to take the risk. We are working on trust and our communication. We’ve identified our past problems and are not bringing into our relationship today. I feel guilty that I’m hiding this from my parents but I’m afraid of there reaction. They are so rude to him especially my sister... Who’s relationship is abusive in many ways but I never disrespect her mate. I’m unsure what to do. I hate drama it gives me anxiety.", "Thank you for sharing your experiences with our online community. It takes a lot of courage to talk about what you’re going through and the situation with your partner and your family sounds incredibly challenging and hurtful. Given the experiences you’ve had with your family in the past regarding your partner, I can understand why you don’t feel safe letting them know that you two are together again. The communication with your family sounds unhealthy, especially around the topic of your partner and that can be really hurtful to hear.", "You have the right to decide what information you share with whom in your life. It sounds like it’s important to your partner that you’re honest with your family about the relationship and it can be challenging to resolve different opinions. We have a page, here, that talks about conflict resolution and you might find the info helpful as you work together to figure out the best ways to navigate this situation for both of you. There are several great suggestions in our blog post about the experience with your family and we’re happy to talk about them with you anytime. Our advocates are available 24/7 by phone at 866-331-9474, text (text ‘loveis’ to 22522) or online web chat.", "I am a sophomore in college (19 years old) and I’m currently seeing someone who’s 24. We are not boyfriends and girlfriends yet, but we both really like each other and would like the relationship to get serious soon, which is why I told my mom about him but she does not approve and wants me to stop seeing him. There are many issues with this situation and I’m very frustrated and desperate. First, I had just left a relationship a month ago and got a Tinder account, which is where I met the guy I’m seeing right now. My mom is therefore skeptical and thinks that 1) I’m just seeing this guy because I’m desperate and too lonely, and 2) she doesn’t trust the whole “meeting someone online” kinda thing, and has read stories about girls being conned by older men via social media. I understand her concerns but Tinder is very common among younger people now, and I have already met this guy a few times in public; also, my friends have met him, his friends has met me and we’ve all hung out, I even had dinner with his parents and it was lovely because they’re great people and they really liked me. But another major issue is the fact that I’m in college and he started working straight out of high school and thus never went to college. He is a woodworker, which is a decent, honest living but my mom thinks he’s not of my “class”. I hate that she is judging him like this before she’s even met him, because he is a very decent man and age does not play a part in how we interact. We get along so so well and are both attracted to each other, but still my mom thinks we have “nothing in common” because we’ve led such different lives. I would love for my mom and this guy to meet but I’m an international students studying abroad in the states, so my parents can’t actually meet him in person. He makes me so happy and is so respectful and caring towards me – still my mom just thinks he’s taking advantage of me because we met in Tinder. That is absolutely not true. Everything is mutual and consensual. I’m so lost and I really want to be this girlfriend, but how can I reconcile what is going on right now?", "Thank you so much for being a part of our online community! It sounds like you’re in such a difficult situation, especially because the limitations on your potential relationship are outside of your control. You can’t make your mom like him, but you deserve to have your choices respected. It sounds like you’ve already tried to talk through this with your mom, and it definitely seems like her response has been frustrating! As the article above describes, her dislike of him may be based on prejudice instead of grounded in a tangible concern. That can create a very challenging environment because there may be little or nothing you can do to shift her perception of him.", "How to move forward with this is something that you will have to decide. It seems like you feel happy with entering into a relationship with this person, the he fulfills what you feel you Should Look For in a Partner, and that you feel confident about how Healthy the relationship will be. You should have the opportunity to pursue your own relationships.", "If you would like to talk through your situation or explore options for working through this, I encourage you to reach out to us anytime. Our advocates are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer a safe space to talk.", "Hi I have a problem with my family. They don’t like my girl friend they say she like my money (she a gold digger) she is using me . I love this girl alot she is everything to me. My granny liked her but she charged after my lil brother come back home. Now we don’t talk to each other and they are kicking me out of the family house. I love this girl she is my futer wife and I did buy the engagedment ring. Its easy ask her to marry me. Any help", "Thank you for reaching out. For your family to try to come between you and someone you care about is very stressful. You are the only one that can decide who is right for you. Even if your family doesn’t like her, that doesn’t give them the right to treat you with disrespect because you love her. There isn’t a way to make your family change their minds about you being with her. You have the option of expressing that you love and respect your family and that you also love her and want her in your life. If you would like to reach out to an advocate about this, we are here 24/7 at 1-866-331-9474, by chat, and by text through texting “loveis” to 22522.", "I don’t know if I’m in a bind or not I’ve been with the love of my life for 10 years on and off. We have a three year old daughter together and she recently moved out past couple of months the last 2 years 3 years we haven’t communicated at all and it led to cheating and infidelity in her side for couple men. Then I dated someone she knew shortly after this isn’t the first time in the 10 years this is happened mostly with her every time this is the only time I’ve cheated on her once her 5 6 in the 10 yrs we always find are way back to each other , this person is thr love of my life and we been through everything I mean everything together you name it the darkest of the darkest and bright moments as well. Sometimes I feel like she’s almost a lot of times I feel like she’s not as into me as I am her and when I’m dating someone she’ll come back and wanna show me the most attention I’ve ever seen and then goes away. And our parents really never wanted us together never did whole 10 years but we still been together and I proved her family wrong about me they’re very traditional old school Chinese. Now I own my own business and I didn’t 4 years ago I was in jail a lot, my life is changed since my daughter has came but I still seem to have problems always in our relationship but I feel like she’s not worth letting go I don’t know she feels the same for me or just a convenient time for comfort like I said it’s very complicated it goes on and on any help would be good", "Thank you for sharing your story with us. It sounds like you’ve had a lot going on, and been through many tough experiences with your ex partner. Trust, communication, respect and equality are all really important parts of making a relationship healthy. You both definitely deserve a relationship built on these qualities, and it might be something to reflect on as you decide if you would like to make things work or move on from here. We would also be happy to help talk through some healthy options for moving forward from here. We are available 24/7 by phone (1-866-331-9474), text (text “loveis” to 22522) or chat.", "Hi! My name is Tiffany I can relate to some situations that is similar to mine! I’ve been dating a man for 7 months now in the beginning he was like prince charming. We talk weeks before dating . when I first met him to his house I saw kids I knew nothing about and he didnt wanna introduce them to me right away intill days after so he did even tho he did not want to. First few days he cooked for me,gave me massages, spoke nicely to me and so much more l. Make a long story short I ask him about his kids mother he told me she lost her mind and kids don’t get to see her so I believed him in till I found out she(his kids mother) was actually staying in his daughter room and never really came out so I lost it and approach him bout it he said she was visiting after already lying to me,I met her and introduce myself then days later I found out he had a 5th kid by her(new born) she kept over in jersey with her mother I knew nothing about! He said h wasn’t sure it was his. So days after she moved out I forgave him and tried to work it out do we did and everything went fine I introduce my son to him and his kids and we did things like a family but once he started getting comfortable with me his whole attitude started to change; he started calling me names,punching on me when he get mad,smoking,drinking and all do I tried to distance myself and told my family about what was going on and they wanted me to stay away and leave him along,he apologized numerous of times bit I feel like sorry is not enough! I really love and care for him and want him to get help", "Thank you so much for reaching out and telling your story. It sounds like you have been through a lot of upsetting and complicated situations in this relationship and that is definitely not your fault at all.", "It is actually very common for abusive partners to be very charming and attentive in the beginning stages of the relationship. They are great manipulators, so while this can seem like positive attention and care at first, it often is a sign of their need for control and power over you and the relationship.", "You never deserve to be put down, hit, lied to, or made to feel less than in the relationship. Healthy relationships are all about RESPECT, open communication, and trust, not manipulation and power. It sounds like your partner has been both physically and emotionally abusing you and that is not something that you have to go through alone.", "We really encourage you to contact us directly so that we might better be able to safety-plan with you and talk about possible options moving forward. If this sounds like something you would be interested in, please feel free to call us 24/7 at 1-866-331-9474 or you can also reach us on our live chat on our homepage, or by texting loveis to 22522.", "Hey, I have a Boyfriend who is so great very respectful most times. And he has a awesome heart. But one time I went out with him and I met his family. Me and his aunt ended up arguing because of his daughter there where drinking and had liquor all over so I didn’t see when he pulled the cup for her. So I didn’t want her to drink liquor so I took the cup and taste it before she drunk it. His aunt jump in and said that nasty so me I explained myself. I then said I am ready to go. He said okay. Now I felt he didn’t have my back at all. Anyways the aunt got in the car yelling at me calling me names and everything so me I started defending myself. He wasn’t she was calling me bitches and everything. He don’t deal with his family like that he apologize for her behavior I forgive. Then we went out one not and his baby Mother and her friends come up to him so I ask who are they he said his baby Mother. I have never been put in these positions in my whole life. And I love him so much. I don’t know what I should do? Every time I am around his family I say hey and I am silent for hours. HELP ME PLEASE!!!!! I even feel he is dealing with his baby Mother.", "That sounds like a really frustrating and difficult situation for you to be in. I’m sorry to hear that his relatives are making your relationship with your boyfriend difficult. It can be really hard when you are in a relationship and there is not support from your partner’s family. Maintaining open communication about what has been going on with your boyfriend is really important, and you always have the option to tell him that you would rather not be around his family or ex-partners. Please feel free to call us 24/7 at 1-866-331-9474 or you can also reach us on our live chat on our homepage, or by texting loveis to 22522 if you want to talk more about your situation.", "I have been dating a man of a different religion for a year now knowing that my family disapproves of this religion. My parents are Indian and have told me my whole life to stay away from people of this religion. Even my sibling raised in the USA disapproves of me being in a relationship with someone of this religion. I am deeply in love with this man and I feel that I am stuck between choosing him and my family. I tried telling my sibling about this man and he said he will stop talking to me if I stay with this man. I also mentioned it to my mother and she was fine with it at first but now says she has heard stories about other women marrying within the religion my partner is and getting divorced, converted, or abused in the longrun. She keeps trying to introduce new men to me now. I am temporarily living at home and will be moving out soon. What do you think I should do at this point?", "Thank you for reaching out and sharing what is going on in your life. That sounds like such a difficult situation. I’m sorry that your family has forced you into this position where you feel like you have to choose between them and a person you love. Your wellbeing and happiness are really important and we are always here to offer support. If you would like to talk with an advocate directly about the situation you are currently facing, you can reach us 24/7 on chat, at 1-866-331-9474, and by texting “loveis” to 22522.", "Hi there. OKay so basically six months ago I met this guy at church and like we started talking. Basically six months later we are talking about a relationship. He’s had a really bad past, was on hardcore drugs, but almost two years ago he got clean. And he’s been clean since then. My grandma who I live with met him once and immediately put judgement on him as she found out a little bit of his past because I willingly told her. And she immediately said that he wasn’t good for me. Not knowing at all how he treats me or how he actually is. And his parents are ten years apart as well and I get some of it because so are we. But I just have no idea how to tell her because I know she’ll judge him. And I don’t want that on him. So yeah. Idk what to do", "Thank you for sharing your story and for being brave enough to reach out. It can be really hard when a family member doesn’t approve of your partner, especially when it is a sudden judgement NOT based off of their experience with that person. So it completely makes sense that this is confusing and upsetting for you.", "You can’t control what your grandma thinks about him, but you CAN control some of what she thinks about you. If you are honest with her and openly communicate about the things you are doing, it might be easier for her to trust you and then eventually your new partner, as opposed to you being dishonest and not letting her know what is going on.", "It seems from what you are saying she is going to judge him no matter what you say. So it might be better for you to maintain your trust and support from her rather than lie and cut her out completely? I can’t say for sure b/c you are the only expert on your life, but I definitely encourage you to reach out to us to talk more about this on chat at our loveisrespect homepage, or text loveis to 22522.", "I met a guy in school last year, where we became friends and started to get to know each other. Eventually we became very close over a matter of months and, In a nutshell, we eventually started to like each other. Before our first homecoming, he asked me to go with him, and I of course said yes. However, he ended up making the choice to go with another girl because he didn’t like the people that would be in our homecoming group. I was really hurt and upset, and he immediately regretted his poor choice. In a nutshell, my family and all my friends found out and were very angry with him, as I was. But he apologized many times and I ended up forgiving him after a matter of time, because it seems like he has changed quite a bit. We both have a lot of feelings for each other, and we have gone on a couple of dates. However, my friends and family do not approve of him at all because of what he did to me. I’ve known deep down that my family would never approve if they knew I have been seeing him in private, so I haven’t told them. Earlier today they caught me communicating with him via text and were very angry. They think that I’m too forgiving and I should not forgive him. I claimed that we are just friends, but they did not even approve of that. I really want to start a relationship with this guy, because I really like him and know him well and I think he has really changed, but my family seems to never approve. How should I approach this situation? I really want my family and friends to be fine with me liking him, but I feel really judged even with just telling my friends and family I’m only friends with this guy now. I want to be happy, but this is really getting in the way.", "Thank you for being a part of our online community! That sounds like such a difficult situation, and unfortunately, there isn’t anything you can do to make your friends and family like your partner. You can only control your own choices. As the article above says, it can be helpful to talk with those who are not approving of the relationship, if that’s something you are comfortable doing. Communicating with them regarding their perspective and your own to see how you might work through this issue in a healthy way may be ideal. However, if their opinion of him is not something they are willing to reconsider, that can definitely put you in a really challenging situation.", "While Keeping Your Relationship a Secret can seem like the least problematic choice, at some point, your relationship will likely come out. One thing that may be important to consider is how you want that information to come out. If you can make that happen on your own terms, that can be important for maintaining a positive relationship with others in your life. That can be so stressful to consider, and if you would like to plan around what that might look like for you, that is something we would be more than willing to work with you on.", "If you would like to talk through this further and explore further options for working through this, I encourage you to reach out to us, anytime. We are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer a safe space to talk.", "Hi! So I am a lesbian. I’m open about my sexual orientation with my family/friends. My girlfriend is welcome at all of my family’s family gatherings. My family don’t like the fact that I’m gay but they love me the same and they love my girlfriend. The issue however is I’m not welcome by my girlfriends family. She is not allowed to mention me or even bring me to her family’s house. Not even to sit in the car while she runs in and out. Her father won’t let her little brother talk to her if I’m around. I don’t know how to handle this. She says she loves me and that her parents actions are not gonna make her leave me but she is very family oriented. She says that they have never said anything about me, that it’s her they’re mad at. They are very religious people and they say some very hurtful things to her. I’ve seen her cry way too many times. I can’t help but to feel that their actions are my fault. What I’m really wondering is if my relationship is gonna last. I love this girl with everything in me and I want marriage and a family with her. They say you marry the persons family along with the person.... I know that wouldn’t be a good thing in my case. Please help. Any advice would be appreciated. Thank you.", "Thank you so much for being a part of our online community and for sharing your story with us! That sounds like such a stressful situation for both you and your partner! You and your partner deserve to be accepted, exactly as you are, by both of your families. You both deserve a positive environment of acceptance and respect, and it’s not fair for her family to choose to create such a judgmental atmosphere.", "No one should have to experience this, and I’m so sorry that those outside of the relationship are impacting the potential for you to build a healthy relationship together. If you feel comfortable doing so, I definitely encourage you to talk through your concerns with your partner. It seems like you care about her so much, and you deserve to feel happy and supported in your relationship by those around you. Understanding where each of you stand, how your relationship might look, moving forward, and what each of you need for support through this may be helpful.", "If you would ever like to talk further about your situation or you are interested in exploring options for working through this, I encourage you to reach out to us, anytime. We are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer a safe space to talk about what you are going through. In addition, I encourage you to consider reaching out to the GLBT Hotline. They may have additional suggestions and support options available for you and your partner.", "My partner met my mum and brother the other day and my mum doesn’t like him due to the fact he didn’t come with a gift, the way he dresses and apparently the way he spoke but I can’t tell my family how much he looks after me after suffering anxiety attacks when I’m with him because I would travel in packed places. He shows me how much he cares. I love my family to bits and I love my partner to. My brother doesn’t approve of him either the same reasons as my mum and I’m stuck I just don’t know what to do and he also comes from a different background and when I told my mum she assumed things already and said I don’t like the way they talk or the way they look at their loved ones and most of them are disrespectful but every time I tried to defend him my mum said no don’t defend him. He made a few mistakes and I most probaly made a few mistakes meeting his parents, I just need advice on what to do because I’m so angry towards my family by saying they don’t want him in the house or me seeing him that much but I’m so in love with him my mum or brother don’t see that any advice ?", "It’s clear how much you value your healthy relationship and care for your thoughtful partner. It’s great to hear that your experiences with him are so supportive and kind. I’m sorry that your mum and brother don’t support your relationship; it sounds very hurtful. As our blog post discusses, it can be especially difficult to experience your family’s prejudice of your partner. It sounds like you’ve tried talking to your family about the situation and they were not receptive to that conversation or wanting to hear you.", "At this point, it seems like you’re looking for healthy ways to process your anger about the situation. It’s really thoughtful of you to recognize how you’re feeling and think carefully about how you want to act on those feelings. Just like self-care or healing, everyone expresses emotions and works through them differently and I encourage you to find what works best for you. Some options might be journaling or creating art about your feelings, or finding physical activities like running to release the energy. If you would like to brainstorm more ideas with an advocate, you can reach us 24/7 via online chat, at 1-866-331-9474, and by texting “loveis” to 22522.", "Hi. I just need advice for my current situation. Me and my bf have been together for almost 10 months. During our first few months of dating, I wanted to introduce him to my family. I tried. But my mom didn’t approve. She didn’t even want to get to know him. She just judged him by his appearance since he had two tattoos. From that time onwards she was suspicious of me. I had to resort to lying just to avoid conflict. I’ve tried to convince her that my bf is a good man. I met his family already and they strongly approve. I don’t know what will I do for MY family to love him. He says I should not stress much about it. Just wait for the right time. But sometimes I can’t help but envy other couples out there. He promised that once he gets a stable job he’ll present himself to my family. I don’t know what to do anymore. Can anyone give me advice? :'(", "I can hear how much the situation with your boyfriend and your family is hurting you and I’m sorry you’re experiencing this. It sounds like you and your boyfriend are able to talk openly and honestly about what’s going on and that’s great; communication like that is such an important part of a healthy relationship. I can imagine how hard it is to feel that you need to lie to your family in order to keep the peace. Along with so many other members of our online community, it seems that your mom’s opinions of him are based in her own prejudice and that’s such a difficult thing to work with.", "With most situations, especially challenging ones like these, there isn’t one right answer that works for everyone. Often, finding what works best for you means trying various ideas until you find one that works, and we understand that the trial-and error process can be frustrating. I encourage you to be patient with yourself as you work through this. As our blog post says, while there may be different options to try, ultimately, it’s important to do what’s best and most healthy for you and your life. If you would like to talk with an advocate about the situation, you can reach us 24/7 on chat, at 1-866-331-9474, and by texting “loveis” to 22522.", "sir I m in a relationship ,,she is love me very much ,,and i m also love her very much ,,,, But sir she belong to my sister family . til now only my sister know that we r in a relation ship and nobody ,,,,,it is true that we cant live without any one ,,,,we can never think to live without any one ,,what i do i m also dont know sir ...", "Thank you so much for reaching out to our blog community.Everyone deserves a healthy relationship that is built on respect, communication, trust and equality. It sounds like this has been a tough situation. We would be happy to chat with you about what has been going on and help you talk through some options moving forward. We can be reached through 24/7 through chat, at 1-866-331-9474, or by texting “loveis” to 22522.", "My boyfriend and I grew up together and have known each other since we were 12. We began dating at the end of senior year, and have now been together a little over a year and a half. My family liked him while we were friends, but when we began dating, it was obvious that they didn’t approve. My younger sister (16) doesn’t like him for a variety of reasons including that she doesn’t think he is attractive. She complains that he is rude to her (even though I don’t see it) and that he is a “know it all”. He is incredibly smart and I think he could come off sometimes as being arrogant, but he is also incredibly kind, especially to my family. Despite the fact that I don’t think he is being rude, they do and it really hurts my feelings. My sister constantly makes comments about how I should date _______ or that I may find my future husband at this wedding, etc. She doesn’t even acknowledge that I am in a committed relationship, I don’t know what to do.", "Thank you so much for being a part of our online community! It sounds like a really frustrating situation! Everyone deserves to be treated with respect, and it’s not fair for your family to make value judgments based on appearance. If you have already worked to communicate in a healthy way and talk with your family about your concerns, and they have not been willing to reconsider the way they are engaging with you and your partner, unfortunately, that may limit your options in addressing this with them. You only have control over your own choices, and that can feel so overwhelming when others make hurtful choices that impact you.", "You deserve the space to make your own choices and to have those respected. I encourage you to reach out to talk with us further about your situation! We are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer a safe space to talk about what you are going through and to explore options for working through this.", "Yes you can reach out to us through chat, at 1-866-331-9474 or by texting “loveis” to 22522. You will be connected to an advocate who can talk to you about healthy relationships and dating abuse issues. Our Contact Us page talks a little bit about what to expect and how we help.", "help!... thank you for an opportunity to share my pain... I am in love with a young girl who loves me even more than I love her, but my elder sister dislike her for a reason..# she said she likes men..but all I see in that is that my liver is just being social, i’ve tried to make my sister understand but she insisted.. what do I do please help...am a Nigerian...", "Thank you for reaching out and sharing your experience with our online community. That sounds like such a difficult situation. It can be really upsetting when you are in love with someone and your family or a family member doesn’t like them. One great resource that can offer support around issues with family members if Your Life Your Voice. They can be reached over phone, text, chat or e-mail here. If you have any questions or concerns about healthy, unhealthy or abusive relationships, please don’t hesitate to contact us directly. Advocates are available 24/7 on chat, at 1-866-331-9474 or by texting “loveis” to 22522.", "Hi, so I need a bit (actually a lot) of help lol. I’ve been with my boyfriend for almost 8 months now. However my family doesn’t know about him and the reason it’s hard for me to tell them is because they are extremely prejudice and only approve of being with someone of the same ethnicity. I am Persian and he is Mexican & I am 19 and he’s 30, they would also flip out about the age gap, which personally doesn’t bother me. It just makes me so sad because it’s not fair to him that I keep him a secret and still have to lie to my family when I see him. I do know my mom is suspicious of me because a few times she’s told me “you better not be dating any mexican.” My sister’s boyfriend is Persian as well and they shower him with gifts and love him so much. My boyfriend will never have that and I’ve told him and he gets really hurt but he understands my situation and is extremely patient. My friends tell me to just tell my mom but it’s extremely scary and so hard for me to do. I know once I move out i won’t have to worry but that won’t be for another few years. Is there anything to do or will I just have to accept the fact that they’ll never approve? Thank you for your time.", "We’re so glad that you’re part of our online community. Thank you for bravely sharing your story with us and reaching out for support. It can be so hard when your family’s prejudices affect your relationship like this. I can hear how much you care about both your family and your boyfriend and how much it hurts to keep your relationship secret. It takes a lot of courage to face a situation and be honest about the challenges you see. You cannot control your family or change their beliefs; that’s something only they can choose to do.", "In terms of possible options, as the post says, we encourage you to think about what might be safe for you. Given that you live with your family, talking to them about your relationship might not be safe. As the expert in the situation, we trust that you know better than anyone else what’s going to be best for you. It sounds like you have a healthy relationship with your boyfriend and that you two are able to talk about the situation. Having understanding and support can be incredibly helpful in getting through this situation. You are also welcome to give us a call (866-331-9474), chat online, or text (‘loveis’ to 2252) to speak with an advocate about this anytime, 24/7.", "I am in a relationship for 2 and a half years with a guy who is in prison. We met through a ex of mines. At first I was hesitant because he’s behind bars. But something told me to give him a chance. I know that he has children and he has a past. But my family and friends don’t want me to be with him. SOME know him from his past life and others know him through me. I have given our love a chance but I am dealing with everyone telling me they protecting me from him. When my mom comes at me like I am protecting you. But don’t talk to my other sisters dealing with worst then me. One because they have children with these men and done a lot of stuff to them but never approach them like she approach me. This pisses me off alot. I want to make my own mistakes. I really love this dude but how do I get away from people who already hate him. Not because they know him but because he’s in prison. In the saying is this is all games but I know he really loves me. I really sad, angry and disappointed about all this my mind is crying why me all the time.. why can’t I be happy.", "We really appreciate you sharing your experiences with us and are so glad that you’re part of our online community. It sounds like the situation with your family is so hurtful and we want you to have all the support possible. You have the right to make choices about your own life, including who you are in a relationship with and it seems like your family isn’t respecting that right. No one has the right to tell you what to do or make you feel bad about the choices you’ve made. I can hear how hurtful it is that your mom talks to you differently than your sisters. Every relationship should be healthy, including the ones we have with our families and that includes communicating respectfully, especially about different opinions.", "As the expert in your situation, you know what will work best for you. One option that might be helpful to consider could be setting boundaries with your family about your relationship. For example, letting them know that you’re aware of their opinions and do not want to talk about your relationship anymore. You could let them know that if they bring up your partner or your relationship, you’ll end the conversation. If you would like to talk about this idea or other with an advocate, feel free to reach out anytime, 24/7. You can reach us by phone at (866-331-9474), chat online, or text (‘loveis’ to 2252).", "Hello.. I am such in a weird situation right now.. its about me and my boyfriend trying to get married..both want it so so bad because we need each other and the bad news is that we can’t actually go out like other couples do, we don’t have the right to do so because his parents told him not to because of some religious views and we don’t want to get in details here.. but the thing is that we were actually dating like normal people, going out having fun with each other ect ect but suddenly the rules changed! They don’t agree anymore with it, so this is where we decided to get married and be together like living our lives.. but unfortunately his parents does not agree to a wedding so soon.. So i was thinking that maybe my boyfriend will fight the situation and convince his parents to a simple wedding but he isn’t, and the worst thing about it is that his mom doesn’t like me and creating family conflict, which now my boyfriend started to be so distant with me and let me tell you that this is so painful like i can’t even say anything to him, else he’s going to be more and more far away from me. Am so exhausted with thinking and feeling so bad about the situation with my boyfriend right now.", "Thank you so much for sharing your story with our community. We’re so glad that you’re part of our online community and know that we’re here for you. It sounds like the changes in your relationship have been so challenging so both you and your boyfriend. It can be so difficult when major changes happen so suddenly, especially if they weren’t choices that you made. I hear how hard you and your boyfriend are working to respect his parents’ choices, even when you don’t like them. It seems like the situation is affecting your relationship at this point and I can hear how much that hurts.", "Communication is a vital part of a healthy relationship and it’s important that you feel you can talk to your boyfriend about how you’re feeling. We have some great pages that might help, How Can We Communicate Better? and Conflict Resolution in Healthy Relationships. These pages might help you figure out some strategies to talk with your boyfriend about what’s going on. If you’d like to talk more about the situation or these pages, feel free to reach out anytime 24/7 to talk with an advocate. You can reach us by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522).", "So my mom has a problem with my girlfriend ever since my girlfriend questioned why my mom was keeping my credit card. My girlfriend was only trying to help me win the situation over because I am 18 and it was legally and rightfully mine. So now my mom still doesn’t like my girlfriend, knows we are still dating, and I have no idea why my mom is acting this way towards her and acting like I don’t want anything to do with her anymore. Please help. I’ve already tried talking to my mom about it but she just gets loud, doesn’t know she gets loud, and it just upsets her, and I can’t communicate civilized with her. I don’t know how I can force my mom to change her mind about my partner, my partner and I both have things that I can see other people watching will not like, but there is no reason for my mom not to like my girlfriend. I really need help, please respond thoughtfully and take into consideration that I feel I have tried so much already, literally.", "That sounds like such a frustrating situation for you to be in, it is definitely not ok for your mom to treat you like that and to be unkind to your partner. It’s your relationship and you know yourself and your partner the best, and you have the right to decide what you need in a relationship and who you want to be with. If you need additional support about this, I would encourage you to reach out and talk with one of our advocates. You can reach us by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522).", "Hello, I’m 18 this year and have been dating my boyfriend (same age) for half a year now. He’s such a gentleman and we have so much in common. He’s the love of my life! We’re so in love we’ve already made plans for 20 years into the future. I know it might seem childish or immature due to our age, but I sincerely believe that with the mutual respect, love and trust that we have we can build a future together. I’ve been keping this relationship a secret from my family for about 5 months as we were studying for our university entrance exams and didn’t want the to worry. My parents have expressed concern since they realized I was hanging out with him a lot. And after coming out they’ve just flat out told me to break up with him. I really regret telling them, but I did so because it’s a serious relationship 🙁 And family approval means a lot to me. I feel that a lot of their concerns are built on prejudice. They think that because he’s a Chinese national (but he’s going to get local citizenship soon) he’s a gold digger, will pose as a financial burden and cause social rifts between me and my family/friends. They’ve even brought it as far as to insult his parents and say that they don’t want to be in-laws with Chinese people. Which is ridiculous cause they don’t know anything about his family yet. They’re not giving him a chance at all, and it makes me super indignant. He’s been really upset because of this, but has promised me to prove to them that he’s not at all like what they think. It’s so rude on my parents part. They don’t know how torn up I feel because I keep all breakdowns in my room. Help I don’t think I can stand it any longer. I know my parents mean well, but they’re really elitist!", "Thank you so much for being a part of our online community and sharing your situation! That sounds like such a stressful and upsetting thing to go through. It seems like you read through the article above and already identified that your family’s issues with your partner may be as a result of prejudice. That can be such a hurtful thing for you and your partner to experience, and unfortunately, if they are closed off to the idea of being accepting, there may not be a way for you, or him, to change their minds.", "It sounds like you’ve been talking through this situation with your partner, which can be so helpful. It might also be important to talk with him about how each of you might feel if their disapproval continues. I hear how much you care about both your partner and your family, and it can be so overwhelming when your family isn’t respecting your choice in partner.", "If you would like to talk more about your situation, please know that you are encouraged to reach out to us, anytime. Our advocates are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer you a safe place to talk.", "Hello, am a muslim girl in relationship with a hindu guy for 5 years. I did not tell my dad about it because i wanted to know my boyfriend and see if our relationship really works or not during these 5 years.As i deduced that my relationship was serious,i decided to announce my othordox dad about that and he was very angry. my mum knew my boyfriend since the beginning. When i told my dad about my boyfriend, he refused to meet him instantly. I was very heartbroken. My mum just loves my boyfriend and accepts our relationship. My boyfriend has a good job, just finished building his house, neither smokes nor drinks, well he is what all parents would dream for a potential husband for their daughter.As far as i’m concerned, i’m doing my last yr at university. Dad told me that he will never accept my boyfriend because he is a hindu despite my mom trying to reason him . I decided to complete my course, get a job and marry my boyfriend next yr.Please can you advise me. I really really want my dad to accept my boyfriend because he is someone very good at heart.", "It takes courage to share your experiences and we truly appreciate your openness with our online community. This sounds like such a difficult situation and I’m sorry that you’re going through this. I can hear how hurtful it is to you that your dad refuses to accept or even meet your boyfriend. As our blog post mentions, disliking someone based on factors like race, religion, sexual orientation or appearance is called prejudice. Your dad’s prejudice is about him more than it is about your boyfriend and, unfortunately, it isn’t something that you can change.", "It sounds like your boyfriend is very caring and your mum is supportive of you and the relationship. It’s great that you have such positive relationships with them both. Talking with your mum and your boyfriend about the situation might be really helpful, both in working through the stress and taking care of yourself and also, possibly finding ways to talk to your dad about the situation. It seems that you’ve thought about what you want to do in the future and it’s great that you’re focusing on your relationship and moving forward. If you would like to talk more about your situation, please reach out to us anytime. Our advocates are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer you a safe place to talk.", "Hi, i have this main problem of my girlfriend’s parents not liking me cause im a girl and are very against it. They think it’s just a phase for her and wants her to breakup with me. We are both very determined to stay together but it is hurting her more and more each day with the restrictions and hurtful words we get from them. Is there any way I can solve this and make them see the bigger picture, acceptance perhaps? Thank you.", "Thank you for sharing your story with us and reaching out! That must have taken a lot courage so I am glad that you did.", "It sounds like what you are experiencing is really awful and hurtful so it makes sense that you are confused at what to do. Unfortunately, you can’t control your partner or her parents opinions, however wrong they may be. Your partner deserves to be able to choose who she wants to be with, so it’s upsetting that her family is not accepting her as she is.", "Maybe it could be a good idea for you to talk to her parents directly about what is going on? Or if that is too much, maybe coming around more to make yourself more known? What you are experiencing is prejudice, so you are definitely not at fault at all for your sexual orientation, and neither is your partner.", "Ultimately, it is important that your partner is not being forced to do anything that she doesn’t want. If you would like to talk more in depth about this, or would like resources to counseling for you or your partner, we are always here 24/7 by phone 1-866-331-9474, by texting loveis to 22522, or by online chat on our homepage.", "my problem is very much complex. i have been in love with my girl friend for three years now along the coarse of our relationship we happened to have a child out of wedlock. apparently my mother hates my girl friend (from day one) with passion and i dont know why we not that open to each other to talk about it (ie me and my mom). my girl friend tells me she hears a lot bad things my mom goes around telling people in our community about her and is somehow wearing her down. unfortunately the child we had passed away a few months ago a very much mysterious death that left me a void that nothing in this world can fill. along the way my mom have influenced the rest of my family to dislike my girl and at one point we had a meeting as a family where i was told to break off the relationship because my girl friends family is bad news. nw the matter is even worse after the death of my kid my girl friends famill who used to love me to bits is now ordering her to end things with me since my family hates her......nw we a secretely in love but up to when....we love each very much but the question we posing to each other is how is the future gonna be in as much as we would like to stay together since now both families are against the relationship,,,,,,,i need strong advice please help me out dont wanna lose my soul mate over other peoples (families involved) opinions.", "That sounds like an incredibly stressful situation with your girlfriend and both of your families. It’s definitely not ok how they are treating your girlfriend and the spreading rumors and trying to force you to break up with her. If the two of you want to have a healthy relationship with each other, your families should not be getting in the way. You always have the right to cut off contact with your families if you want to choose to remain in the relationship but the stress of your family is causing it to suffer. It sounds like they do not have very healthy boundaries and are not respecting your autonomy to choose your partner, which is absolutely your decision. I’m sorry to hear about the death of your child and how that has affected your families’ perceptions of the relationship as well. That must have been such a difficult thing to experience, and should have been a time when you felt support from them rather than criticism and their desire for control over your life. It must have been so hurtful that they used their death in order to push their agenda on your relationship.", "It sounds like your situation with them is very complicated, and it may be helpful for you to reach out and contact us directly so that we can talk through it and help you with processing it and figuring out what the best options are for yourself. We are available 24/7 by chat on our website, by texting ‘loveis’ to 22522 or by calling our number 1-866-331-9474.", "So me and my boyfriend have been dating for a year and a half. We met at work where he was my manager. I left that job so we could date without having an issue at work. I told my mom that he asked me out on a date and she freaked out and told me that I was not allowed to date him because he has too much baggage (he was married before and was only with her because he felt bad for her) and he’s too old (9 years older than me. I’m almost 21 now and the only reason I’m living at home is because the school I was going to dropped my program so I have to wait until next fall to go back and finish my education. In the meantime, I’m stuck! I’ve met all of his family and they LOVE me–we’ve gone out to dinner multiple times and spent time together. I’m not sure of how to go about telling my parents (they just decided to get divorced, so that’s weighing on me too) that we’re dating or that we are going to date. I went to counseling for this and that wasn’t very much help. I’m thinking I just need to be firm and take control of the situation instead of being controlled. This is not a relationship out of rebellion. A close family member knows and my sister and her husband and they’re completely fine with it. Does anybody have any suggestions? I appreciate it.", "Thank you for sharing your situation with us! It sounds like a lot is going on, and that you’ve already taken some great steps in finding supportive people and exploring other support resources. In Keeping Your Relationship a Secret from your mom, it may be important to keep in mind that the information that the two of you are dating may come out at some point. Being able to choose how that information is shared with your mom may be helpful.", "From what you shared, it seems like your mom’s concerns may be based around assumptions regarding his history as well as the difference in your ages. A difference in age does not mean that the relationship is inherently unhealthy, but there can be some red flags of unhealthy behavior that it may be helpful to be aware of, some of which are addressed in this article: Ain’t Nothing but a Number.", "As the article above mentions, if you feel comfortable talking with your mom about this, and you feel like that’s something that can be done in a healthy way, discussing her concerns, and communicating that you hear her but respectfully disagree may be something to consider. You deserve to have your choices respected, and ultimately, the way that you choose to move forward with this is something that only you can decide.", "It definitely sounds like there’s a lot to work through, and if you would like to talk further about options for approaching this conversation with your mom, creating a plan for yourself moving forward, exploring other support options, or if you have any other questions or concerns, I encourage you to reach out to us directly! Our advocates are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522).", "Hi, I’m 27 and I found this guy from social network and we started to talk and share things in detail. He is 32 doing his own Bussiness. He is from india. And I’m from malaysia. I spoke to the whole family of his. Been 10 months n v liked each other so finally his mom asked me to tell my parents regarding our relationship and I approached and told my parents. At first my dad agreed n spoked to his mom and ask them to come malaysia . Before that my dad asked one of his friend to check on their background. It was positive about their family but then he said they are not that well to do family. But actually it is a fault statement because he jus started his Bussiness 2 years back and manage to buy apartments, land and his own car. Upper middle class family. My dad doesn’t believe me. I argued and for past 2 days I never eat and sleep so, my dad decided to call the family again for my sake cause they already booked the tickets and I felt bad. They came and when they are here my parents cooked dinner, had birthday celebration for his mom and they spoked nicely. Later, in the morning my dad called up and said I don’t wish to send my daughter that far. I don’t understand the boys job. And our status is different than yours and was so rude to them. Moreover, my partner wanted to talk personally but my dad never gave him a chance to talk. All my other family people liked the family very much but only dad disagree. Both of us are so in love. I know I will be happy wit him n his family. Both of us couldn’t accept what really happen. And I need to convince my dad and he even humiliated his family and they are so sad and upset. Both of are in the situation of not giving up the same time we don’t know how to convince my dad. My dad is arranging someone else for me. I’m not happy. I want to live the life I wanted. What an. Suppose to do?", "We’re so glad you found us and reached out for support for this difficult situation. It takes courage to share your experiences and we’re so glad that you’re part of our online community. It sounds like your dad’s choices about your relationship were confusing and hurtful, for you and your partner, as well as other family members. It sounds like there may be cultural differences that are impacting your dad’s feelings and opinions. Your dad’s disapproval because of your partner’s income and social status sound like prejudice, and as the post says, that’s more about your dad than your partner. You cannot control what your dad thinks or the choices he makes, so it may be helpful to think about what you want to do.", "You know your situation and family and we recognize that you’re the expert here. You have the right to make your own choices in your life, including who you’re with. It might be helpful to talk to family and friends you trust about the situation as you figure out your next steps. Having other perspectives can be especially useful in such emotionally charged situations, and may help you see things you might not otherwise. It’s also important to focus on your safety, physically, mentally and emotionally, during this stressful time. Our page on Self-Care has lots of great ideas about taking care of yourself in different ways. Hopefully, you’ll be able to find strategies that work for you.", "Hello I am in a dilemma. Have been dating my boyfriend for over a year and a bit now. We are extremely happy and have a very good relationship because we are best friends.A few weeks ago we found out I was pregnant which was a shock to both of us me being because I thought i couldnt get pregnant because of health reasons and him because he was not ready for this stage in his life. Anyway since then we have been bickering non stop which is something we never do. The main problem is my boyfriend is romany gypsy and i am mixed native american and Caribbean and therefore his family who is close to wanted him to marry someone in the romany community. I did not know this however and had I known from day 1 probably wouldnt of been with him. Now I am pregnant he is very sad and confused and saying his family (aunts,uncles mainly) will disown him and he will never be able to see them again because he has had a child with an outsider and unmarried also with someone they have not met. I should be really happy about this pregnancy but this is making it difficult. I feel like its going to come down to a choice of him choosing his family over me and the baby which i believe is wrong. I asked him why did he go out with me in the first place if he was so into following his family wishes and he said truthfully he followed his heart and is very much in love with me he has said he cant let go of me but does not want to be disowned either. I am unsure what to do my mum and dad have agreed to meet him and possibly his family but i feel theres no way round this if they are so stuck in there ways. I think its really selfish and unfair if he leaves me and the baby for his family as he is a grown adult and should take responsibility for his actions and defend me by standing up and fighting for what he loves which he says is me. He has been constantly crying and upset he hasnt said he wont ever see the baby or anything but he has said he doesnt know how he will be with me as they wont support him. i know its bad but i feel like saying to him you should pick me over your family because were starting our own family now and why should your child be left without a father. I do not know what to say when i meet them because I am really really angry. I do not know how any mother or family can encourage her son to have nothing to do with his child which i feel like she would do. He said if you marry an outsider in his family your family name is disgraced. its really unfair because we love eachother and have a great relationship but whats the point if he wont fight for me. I do not want any man in and out of my childs life and i do not think thats fair. Please help", "I’m so glad you’re part of our online community and that you’re reaching out about this situation. It sounds like a lot has changed in your life and your relationship in the last few weeks and I can hear how hurt, confused and angry you’re feeling. The fighting between you and your partner sounds stressful; I also hear that you’re talking honestly with each other about the situation and how you’re both feeling. That communication takes a lot of courage, especially in such an intense situation. It sounds like you and your partner have found yourselves having to figure out how to navigate this situation with his family, both as individuals and as a couple.", "You’re really thoughtful about how you’re feeling and it’s important to find healthy ways to process and release your anger, both for you and the baby. When it comes to what you do, you have the right to make the choices in your own life and it might help to think about what all of your possible options are. It’s important to respect that your partner also has the right to make his own choices about his life.", "When it comes to your relationship and how each of you is experiencing this situation, it may be helpful to focus on understanding the conflict your partner is feeling, rather than trying to address his family’s beliefs. Understanding how someone feels (empathy) doesn’t mean you agree or disagree with the situation, but instead focuses on what they’re experiencing. It sounds like he grew up with very different beliefs and traditions than you did, and those differences are becoming incredibly evident with your pregnancy. Having people outside the relationship that each of you can talk to, like family or friends, can be especially helpful as you process what’s going on and how you’re feeling. If you would like to talk to an advocate about this further, we are available 24/7 by phone (866-331-9474), text ‘loveis’ to 22522 or online chat. Please feel free to let your partner know that he is also welcome to contact us anytime.", "I’m in love with my ex step dad. We start seeing each other when I was under age. I know that was wrong, but we love each other very much. I will not be with him because I know it’s wrong. He loves me very much too and would Mary me, but we know it’s wrong. The agony. It hurts so bad.", "Thank you for reaching and sharing your story. You are the only one that can decide what relationship is right for you and how you want to move forward. Having a partner that your family doesn’t approve of is painful and it is difficult. From what you have shared it is clear that you care about you ex- step dad and he has been an important part of your life. For a relationship to be healthy each partner must be treated with respect and as an equal. Having someone who is in a parental role and older than you engage in a romantic relationship with you can make the power dynamics unhealthy. I want to let you know about our article on age differences in relationships at this link and our article on relationships that must be kept secret at this link. If you have any concerns about your partner respecting your boundaries and your right to consent to sexual activity with your ex step-dad, there is RAINN.org. If you would like to talk about the dynamics of your relationship or ways that you can heal and cope from the pain of this situation, I encourage you to reach out to an advocate. Our advocates are here 24/7 on chat, at 1-866-331-9474, or by texting “loveis” to 22522.", "The loveisrespect blog is full of helpful information about dating and relationships, as well as campaigns, awareness events, and other cool stuff our team is up to. Feel free to leave comments, but be sure to follow our Community Guidelines!", "Loveisrespect is the ultimate resource to empower youth to prevent and end dating abuse. It is a project of the National Domestic Violence Hotline.", "This project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0426 from the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.", "This website is funded in part through a grant from the Office for Victims of Crime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the U.S. Department of Justice nor any or its components operate, control, are responsible for, or necessarily endorse, this website (including, without limitations, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any services or tools provided).", "Safety Alert: Computer use can be monitored and is impossible to completely clear. If you are afraid your internet usage might be monitored, call loveisrespect at 1-866-331-9474 or TTY 1-866-331-8453. If you need to exit this website in a hurry, hit the ESCAPE key twice or click the icon in the bottom right. Users of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google if they hit the “X” or “Escape” button." ] }, "parsed_md": "When Your Family Doesn't Approve of Your Partner | Loveisrespect.org\n\nSkip to content\n\nTip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the\nbottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge\nweb browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website\nafter hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nLoveisrespect.org\n\nChat Now\n\nChat Unavailable\n\nWhen Your Family Doesn’t Approve of Your Partner\n\nYou are here:\n\n * Home\n\n/\n\n * Blog\n\n/\n\n * When Your Family Doesn’t Approve of Your Partner\n\n# When Your Family Doesn’t Approve of Your Partner\n\nMarch 12, 2015January 5, 2016 / 75 Comments / in Dating & Hooking Up\n\nWhen you’re in a relationship, it may be important to you that your family\ngets along with your partner. And that makes total sense! It’s awesome when\nour partners can be involved in multiple areas of our lives and hang out with\nthe other people we care about.\n\nBut what if that’s not the case? What if your parents or other family members\ndisapprove of your partner? This can be really tough. It might make you feel\nterrible or torn between your family and your partner.\n\nYou might want to react defensively and maybe angrily toward your family if\nthey tell you they don’t approve of your partner. You might even want to\nignore what they say and just shut them out or keep your relationship a secret\nfrom them. Those are pretty common first reactions, but it can be helpful to\nthink through the situation further.\n\nWould keeping your relationship a secret from your family make you feel good\nin the long run? It might seem like the easiest solution, but remember: all\nhealthy relationships are built on trust, respect and communication, and that\nincludes your relationship with your family. If you already have a relatively\nhealthy relationship with your family members (in other words, you feel safe\ntalking to them and aren’t worried about them becoming verbally or physically\nabusive), it could help to find out what their specific objections are to your\npartner/relationship.\n\nWhile the conversation might be difficult, it’s important to approach your\nfamily members as calmly and respectfully as possible. Ask them why they have\nan issue with your partner. Do they feel that your partner is too controlling?\nDo they not like the way your partner talks to you? Do they think that your\npartner doesn’t respect you? They may see some unhealthy behaviors in your\npartner that you don’t see. Still not convinced? Ask your friends what they\nthink about your partner. Do they have the same concerns as your family? If\nso, take some time to consider whether or not any of your partner’s behaviors\nare warning signs. You can always call, chat or text with a loveisrespect peer\nadvocate if you need more help!\n\nIf your family members can’t offer any specific reasons why they don’t approve\nof your partner, or if they don’t like your partner’s race, religion, sexual\norientation or appearance, then the situation gets a little stickier.\nDisliking someone based on these factors is called prejudice, and that has\nmore to do with your family members than your partner. How you handle this\ndepends on what kind of relationship you have with your family, whether you\nstill live with them, and how safe you feel with them. You might respectfully\nlet them know that while you appreciate their feelings, you don’t agree with\nthem. You could suggest that you all try spending more time together so they\ncan get to know your partner better. If the relationship is causing too much\nstrife with your family, you might consider taking a step back and building a\nfriendship with your partner while you work things out with your family\nmembers, if that’s possible. Ultimately, what’s important is that you do\nwhat’s healthiest for you and your life.\n\nDealing with relationship issues and need to talk to someone? We’re here for\nyou 24/7. Call, chat or text with us!\n\nTags: communication, family, parents\n\n## Share this entry\n\n * Share on Facebook\n * Share on Twitter\n * Share on Google Plus\n * Share on Pinterest\n * Share on LinkedIn\n * Share to Tumblr\n * Share to Reddit\n * Share by email\n\nYou might also like:\n\n Helping Your Teen Set Boundaries\n Things That Crossed the Line for Me\n Is This a Red Flag?\n Defining the Line\n Toxicity and Disney: Unhealthy Romances in the Disney Princess Movies\n Trust Exercises\n Trust is Hard, So Should We Share Passwords?\n 10 Reasons to End Your Relationship\n\nHealthy Relationship Playlist 3.0\n\nMarch 2015\n\n## Comment section\n\n75 replies\n\n 1. Siobhan says:\n\nSeptember 13, 2015 at 5:47 am\n\nHey there! I’m in a bit of a bind. My partner (being my first serious love)\nand I have broken up twice. The first time because he lashed out on me and\nsaid a lot of hurtful things. The second because of Long distance. We are in\nSouth Africa and he is going to the States to study further. I haven’t seen\nhim now for 3 months. My family and friends were/are very involved in my\npersonal life. Something I regret because I get influenced by them a lot. They\ndon’t approve of him because of the way he has treated me. If he gets really\nmad and hurt, he lashes out and says things that are difficult to take back.\nHe had apologized for everything he has done, even mentioned specific things\n(which is something, because he has too much pride to apologize). I forgive\nhim very easily, and I manage to dust myself off. I love this man with\neverything in my being and I believe him when he says he is working on\nhimself. He had proposed to me three times, I denied it every time because I\nknow my family and friends won’t really like it. Although, I can imagine a\nlife and a family with him as clearly as if it were a reality already. I have\nbeen with other men, but I can’t stay committed to any of them. I try to\nsatisfy my family and friends, but I’m not entirely happy... How do I handle\nthis situation? Please help me\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nSeptember 14, 2015 at 12:04 am\n\nHi Siobhan,\n\nThank you so much for being a part of our online community and reaching out to\nus with your comment! It sounds like you’re in a really difficult situation.\nSomething that might be important to keep in mind is that, while anger is\nsomething that everyone experiences at some point in their life, there are\nhealthy ways to deal with that, and lashing out and saying hurtful things is\nnot okay. You deserve to be treated with respect all of the time, not just\nwhen it is convenient for him.\n\nIt is great to hear that he may have recognized that his behavior in the past\nis problematic, but his apologies are not something that should stand alone as\na fix for his unhealthy behavior. They must also be backed up by change in how\nhe is choosing to work through his anger and how he treats you. You deserve to\nbe happy and prioritize your own needs. In a healthy relationship, partners\nwork through issues together in a way that does not require one person to be\nresilient to personal attack. While it sounds like you are an incredibly\nstrong and resilient person, it may be important to ask yourself if his\nhurtful way of addressing issues does not change, when will that strain on\nyour emotional wellbeing start to seriously affect your happiness?\n\nIt can be really tough for friends and family to see someone they care about\nin a situation where they are concerned for your wellbeing. It seems like you\nreally care about your partner, and it has to be your choice about how to\nproceed with your relationship and what the best options are for you. While it\nis easy to imagine what a life with him might be like, it might be important\nto keep in mind that expectations are not necessarily reflected by reality. A\nhealthy relationship is built on trust, respect, and open communication, and\nif you are the only one in the relationship willing to consistently work\ntoward these principles, the relationship will not be healthy.\n\nBecause we are a national organization based in the United States, our options\nfor giving local resources for support in South Africa is not something we are\nable to do. However, if you are able to call us (1.866.331.9474), our\nadvocates are here 24/7 to offer you a safe space to talk through your\nsituation with you!\n\nTake care! Advocate GR\n\n 2. Lost says:\n\nNovember 9, 2015 at 6:13 pm\n\nIve been with my boyfriend for over a year now. He is incredible and makes me\nso happy- he’s been nothing but supportive and kind since day one, and we\nshare so many things in common. The unfortunate part is he met my much older\nsister prior to meeting me. They were only friends and never dated- but\nbecause he is closer to my age- my sister told him about me and showed\npictures. One day I met him at my house and we had an immediate connection.\nSeveral weeks later he found me on social networking and we became friends. We\nhad been talking for months and before we knew it- we were crazy for\neachother. We decided to start dating. Ever since my sister has made the\nrelationship a complete disaster. She claims Im stealing “her” friends and\nthat he was “hers” first. Mind you- they never dated. She refuses to\nacknowledge him as ever being someone to join this family. My sister is\nincrediby selfish and stubborn and shes the type to hold a grudge and never\nlet go. This dispute has also cause my mother to disapprove of my relationship\nsince day one. She tells me its “wrong” and i should have “never dated anyone\nmy sister knew in any capacity”. Shes rarely friendly when my boyfriend comes\nto visit. And shes made it clear that “he will never be welcome for holidays\never in this family”. Shes even gone as far as to say shes waiting for me to\nmove on and meet someone else. Regardless of this treatment, my handy\nboyfriend is always willing to lend a helping hand around my house. Im in my\nmid twenties and im absolutely crushed. This man means the world to me, but\nI’m afraid this will permanently affect my family dynamics forever. Ive made\nit clear to my family it was never my intention for this to happen- but\nsometimes you cant predict love. The perpetual stress my family has caused is\nbreaking me down, like Im sure theyre hoping for. Most of all, its not fair\nfor my boyfriend do be treated with such disrespect. Any advice?\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 10, 2015 at 12:05 am\n\nHi Lost,\n\nIt takes courage to talk about what’s going on, especially when you’re\nexperiencing conflict among the people you care so much about. Your family\nmembers have the right to their feelings and opinions but it’s not okay that\nthey are choosing to communicate with you in such hurtful ways. I hear that\ntheir opinions and how they’re choosing to express them are extremely painful\nand stressful to you. It’s concerning to hear that you feel your family would\nhope for you to become overwhelmed with stress to the point of breaking down.\nThat doesn’t sound like a healthy environment or honest, trustworthy\nrelationships. You deserve to be safe and treated with respect in all\nrelationships, not just intimate ones.\n\nIf you haven’t already, it may be helpful to talk to your boyfriend about the\nsituation and what options might be best for you, as well as the two of you as\na couple, when it comes to your family. One option might be asking them to\ntalk to you both together, if that’s something you think would be safe for\nyou, so the situation can be discussed by everyone involved. If you don’t feel\nsafe talking to your family, it may be important for your health and well-\nbeing to consider your relationships with your family and how much interaction\nwith them you want to have. You have the right to decide which relationships\nyou’re in and that includes family relationships. Our advocates are here for\nyou 24/7 if you’d like to talk about this more. Feel free to call us at\n1-866-331-9474, text us (‘loveis’ to 22522), or chat us online here at\nhttp://www.loveisrespect.org.\n\nTake care,\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 2. Alyssa says:\n\nSeptember 29, 2015 at 7:29 am\n\nMy mom her father and her boyfriend do not approve of my boyfriend because\nhe’s Muslim and I’m Christian. It concerns her that if I continue to see him\nthat I’ll marry him. I just rebuilt the relationship with my mom a few years\nback but I’m at a cross roads because I really like him but I don’t want my\nmom to stop talking to me because of this. He’s the first guy I’ve dated since\nmy divorce almost 3 years ago and he’s the only guy that has ever treated me\nright. What should I do?\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nSeptember 29, 2015 at 5:51 pm\n\nHi Alyssa,\n\nThank you for reaching out. For your family to not support your new partner is\nvery frustrating and it can be confusing. It is clear that you care about both\nyour boyfriend and your mom. You have a right to pick the partner you want and\nto have others in your life support that decision. There isn’t a way to make\nyour mom feel a certain way about your partner. What you can do is to make\nsteps to reach out to your family and have them learn more about your partner\nor to express your boundaries when it comes to your family talking about him.\nUltimately, you are the only one that can decide what is best for you. If you\nwould like to reach out to an advocate to talk about your situation in detail,\nwe are here 24/7 on chat, text, and phone.\n\nTake care,\n\nAdvocate LC\n\n 3. Sylvia says:\n\nOctober 9, 2015 at 12:06 pm\n\nHello\n\nMy boyfriend is 26 and Im 38. We have been together almost a year and moved in\ntogether about 7 months ago. While its been a tough road (based on us moving\nin so quickly) and my children, its began to work its way out smoothly. It\nfeels like both of our families our distant or non approving or our\nrelationship, almost as if they don’t take it seriously or waiting for us to\nfail. It is frustrating and somewhat hurtful for me because I expected more\nsupport from my family and it is important that both our families are\napproving and supportive to some extent. We love each other and I feel this is\na strong, valid relationship. Ive spoken to my boyfriend and he says we\nshouldn’t worry about what other peoples opinions are. Should I not put so\nmuch worry on what other people think? Any advice is appreciated.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nOctober 12, 2015 at 12:51 am\n\nHi Sylvia,\n\nWe’re so glad that you’re part of our online community. It takes courage to\nreach out for support and to talk about what you’re experiencing. It sounds\nlike the situations with your and your partner’s families are hurtful and\nfrustrating. As our blog posts mentions, the reasons for their feelings and\nactions could be because of things they’ve witnessed between you two or\nbecause of their own issues or beliefs.\n\nRespectful and honest communication is an important component of any healthy\nrelationship, whether it’s a friendship, romantic or family relationship. If\nyou feel safe talking to your family about how you feel, it may be a helpful\noption to connect with them and hopefully find the support you’re looking for.\nIf you want to talk more about the situation or how to reach out to your\nfamily, please feel free to connect with one of our advocates. We are\navailable 24 hours a day/every day by phone (866-331-9474), by text (text\nloveis is 22522) or chat here on our website.\n\nWe’re here for you!\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 4. Kimberley ------ says:\n\nOctober 11, 2015 at 11:57 pm\n\nHi I have been with my current partner for nearly 3 years and my family have\nnever approved. I have been married before and they were never a fan of him\neither. My friends think my partner is great and makes me so happy. We are at\nthe stage of moving in together and getting engaged. I have 2 boys who think\nhe’s great .The big issue I have at the moment is my sister is getting married\nnext year and we are close however she is not allowing my partner to the\nwedding. I have asked the family on numerous occasions what there problem is\nwith him to which they cant answer. I am now contemplating not being a\nbridesmaid at the wedding as going alone knowing my partner is sitting at home\nwill be horrible plus he would have been great at keeping the kids entertained\n.I love him so much but this situation is tearing us apart. He has never once\nsaid not to go to the wedding but I don’t think I could go and wouldn’t want\nto go on my own! Please help!! x\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nOctober 13, 2015 at 1:12 am\n\nHi Kimberley,\n\nThank you for being a part of our online community, and I am so sorry that you\nare going through this! It sounds like your family is putting you in a really\ndifficult situation, and if they are not able to offer any reason for their\ndisapproval, this is not something that you can take responsibility for. You\ndeserve to have your choices respected. It is not possible to make your family\napprove of your partner, and it’s not possible to understand why they do not\napprove of him if that is not something that they are willing to share with\nyou.\n\nWith the wedding, you know your situation best, and how you choose to proceed\nwill have to be something that you decide. It may be helpful to talk through\nthe options with your partner. Checking in with each other about where you are\nat in thinking through the issue, what options you both feel comfortable with,\nand what each of your needs are in working through this can be so helpful. You\ncan feel justified in prioritizing your own wellbeing through this, and if\nyour family is compromising that, setting clear boundaries with your family\nmay be something that would be helpful to consider (this article talks through\nsetting boundaries, and while it is written in the context of someone in a\nromantic relationship, there is still overlap in many of the principles for\nother relationship, such as with friends and family).\n\nIf you would like to talk more about this situation and get talk through ideas\nfor how you might approach working through this issue, I encourage you to\nreach out to us directly. Our advocates are here 24/7 by phone\n(1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer a safe\nspace to talk.\n\nTake care! Advocate GR\n\n 2. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nOctober 13, 2015 at 1:13 am\n\nThis post has been modified to remove identifying information.\n\n 5. Sequese says:\n\nOctober 18, 2015 at 9:14 pm\n\nMy boyfriend mother doesn’t want him to be with me because I have two kids she\nnever met me she don’t even know me One of my sons is 21 in college and other\none is 16 and high school very respectable boys what should I do he wants to\nstay in a relationship and keep it a secret and I don’t want that should I\nleave\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nOctober 20, 2015 at 12:57 am\n\nHi Sequese,\n\nWe’re so glad you’re part of our online community and appreciate you sharing\nyour experiences. It takes a lot of courage to talk about what you’re going\nthrough and the situation with your boyfriend’s mother sounds really hurtful.\nAt this point, it seems that what you and your boyfriend each want are very\ndifferent. It’s natural to have differences in a relationship and important\nthat you’re able to talk about them honestly and respectfully.\n\nDeciding to stay or leave a relationship is a difficult choice to face and one\nthat only you can make. It sounds like there is a big difference in what you\nand your boyfriend each want for your relationship. Sometimes, those\ndifferences cannot be resolved within the relationship and we encourage you to\ndo what’s best for you and your family. If you’d like to talk more about the\nsituation, feel free to call us at 866-331-474, text ‘loveis’ to 22522 or chat\nus online here anytime. Our advocates are available 24/7 to be a safe place\nfor you to talk about what’s going on.\n\nTake care,\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 6. harnoor says:\n\nOctober 24, 2015 at 12:34 am\n\nHello sir i have been in relationship with a guy since 2 years ..i am doing\nb.com(1st year) and he is doing a job ..i have kept this relationship a secret\nfrom my family .but they have caught me many times talking to him and have\nwarned me several times to stop talking to him and forgot him ..but i can’t do\nthat ..we both love each other and we want to marry each other but after\ncompleting my studies .They say that he is not right for me .he is not well-\nsettled yet and also because he is hindu and i am sikh. I don’t get along well\nwith my family .please sir help ..\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nOctober 24, 2015 at 10:46 pm\n\nHi Harnoor,\n\nThank you for reaching out for help with this, it sounds like an incredibly\ndifficult and stressful situation to be in. If you love each other and are in\na healthy relationship, it can be so difficult when your family doesn’t\napprove because of things like religious reasons. It’s a complicated\nsituation, and it may be best for you to reach out and talk with one of our\nadvocates. You can chat with us 24/7 through this website or call us at\n1-866-331-9474.\n\nBest, LIR Advocate CC\n\n 7. Pru says:\n\nOctober 26, 2015 at 5:59 am\n\nHi,im 29 yrs a mother of two girls,13 yrs ago i met a guy and all was fine\ntill we broke up.he met another lady,and as the reason for our break up was\nthe distance,we were still very close and when eva we see each other one thing\nwould lead to another,this has been going on till today,i have met people in\nmy life but they cannot be like him,i cannot love them enough,he had so many\nproblems with the lady in his life and he would always say he cannot live her\nbecause of the child they have together,and i understood as i also have\nchildren whom have a gud relationship with their father.My family cannot stand\nhim,and i never understood why as he is a very nice person,and I believe its\nall because my fiance,the father of my kids has money and takes very gud care\nof us,but behind all the lavish lifestyle he does not treat me well,he is\nemotionally and at times gets physical with me,but around my family he is very\nloving.He went and had an affair with one of the ladies i knew as a friend and\nhad two kids with her,and he made me keep that as a secret so he wud not look\nbad in front of my family.I want to liv him so i can be with someone i love\nand he is there willing and waiting for me to decide,but im scared of leaving\nas my fiance has promised to take my kids from me,he is an attorney with lots\nof connections,at the moment im scared i will not be able to provide for my\nkids on my own,will i be a bad mother to leave my kids in their comfortable\nhome,will they hate me for abondoning them.Will they understand that i can\nonly see them on holidays and weekends,please someone out there help me,i have\nneva been so scared of my own life.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nOctober 26, 2015 at 8:00 pm\n\nHi Pru,\n\nWe’re so glad that you’re part of our online community. It sounds like the\nsituation with your fiancé is dangerous and scary. You and your kids all have\nthe right to be safe and we understand that sometimes the path to that safety\nisn’t clear. I can hear how concerned you are about your children’s safety and\nwell-being, especially with the threats their father makes. Unfortunately, we\nknow that abusive people will often use their children as a manipulation\ntactic to keep their partners trapped in the relationship. He has no right to\nthreaten you or the kids or to use them this way.\n\nYou have the right to decide what you do in your life and that includes\nwhether you stay in this relationship. When it comes to leaving, there isn’t\none right way to leave an abusive relationship, especially when you’re\nthinking about your children’s safety as well as your own. Safety looks\ndifferent to each person because what each of us needs to feel safe is\ndifferent. Our advocates are available 24/7 by phone (866-331-9474), text\n(text ‘loveis’ to 22522) and chat here online so you have a safe place to talk\nabout possible options, including local resources. It may take time to find\nthe best options for you and your children and I encourage you to be gentle\nwith yourself as you work on figuring all of this out.\n\nWe’re here for you.\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 8. Chris says:\n\nOctober 26, 2015 at 6:29 am\n\nI’m in a similar situation with my current girlfriend of 8 months. We are both\nin our 30’s and have good jobs. She has 4 kids and I have 1 kid, I sold my\nhouse and I bought a bigger house for all of us. Once things settled I noticed\nI’m over whelmed with her kids and our relationship and trying to blend this\nfamily is one of the hardest things I’ve done. My parents and family do not\nlike her and now I feel like its effecting my relationship with my kid, who I\nsee on a very limited basis. We are in therapy and what only after 8 months of\nbeing together I do not know what to do. Obviously we moved to fast and\nshould’ve take things slower but I feel like I cant fix this. Please feel free\nto share your thoughts. Thank you.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nOctober 26, 2015 at 8:21 pm\n\nHi Chris,\n\nI’m so glad you know about us and that we’re here to provide support and\nencouragement around all types of romantic relationships. It’s natural to get\nexcited about a new relationship and make decisions quickly. I can imagine\nthere were a lot of factors that you and your partner considered, especially\naround your children and the new family you created. It can be really\noverwhelming when you realize that a lot of changes happened quickly,\nespecially when they are big changes like buying a house and moving in\ntogether.\n\nIt sounds like you’re also experiencing challenges in your relationships with\nyour family and your child, which can be really difficult. I hear that you’re\nconcerned about your child and the time you two have together. It’s great that\nyou’re focusing on your relationship with your child; it demonstrates how\nthoughtful you are as a parent. Complex family situations rarely have a simple\nanswer but we’re here 24/7 if you’d like to talk more about possible options\nand what might work for your family. You can speak with an advocate by phone\nat 866-331-9474, text (text ‘loveis’ to 22522) or online web chat anytime.\n\nWe’re here for you.\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 9. Shannon says:\n\nOctober 26, 2015 at 4:12 pm\n\nI am 26 years old and I have been back with my high school boyfriend. My\nfamily disapproves of my relationship. I haven’t told them we are back\ntogether because they hate him. The thought of him brings out a side of them\nthat is not appealing. Extreme pettiness! My mom can’t have conversation about\nhim or his family without hitting below the belt. We were back and forth\nthroughout high school and some of college. We both wanted to do our own\nthings but wouldn’t let each other go. Both guilty of lying or cheating in\nthat time period. We’ve been apart for at least 5-6 years. He’s had two kids\nin that time period. When I found out I was hurt because I was still in love\nwith him, but I was dating other people and we were not together. We’ve been\nback together for 7 months and have discussed marriage and moving in together\nto be the goal, but he doesn’t want to move forward until I come clean to my\nparents. He’s never been disrespectful to anyone in my family! His family\nloves me and they understand that we’ve been through things but they have\nnever been mean or treated me different. My family is a different story. They\nhold grudges forever. We were kids and I was no angel. They think he’s just a\nthug but that’s not true. We’ve grown up and learned a lot over the years and\nnow we are willing to take the risk. We are working on trust and our\ncommunication. We’ve identified our past problems and are not bringing into\nour relationship today. I feel guilty that I’m hiding this from my parents but\nI’m afraid of there reaction. They are so rude to him especially my sister...\nWho’s relationship is abusive in many ways but I never disrespect her mate.\nI’m unsure what to do. I hate drama it gives me anxiety.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nOctober 26, 2015 at 8:42 pm\n\nHi Shannon,\n\nThank you for sharing your experiences with our online community. It takes a\nlot of courage to talk about what you’re going through and the situation with\nyour partner and your family sounds incredibly challenging and hurtful. Given\nthe experiences you’ve had with your family in the past regarding your\npartner, I can understand why you don’t feel safe letting them know that you\ntwo are together again. The communication with your family sounds unhealthy,\nespecially around the topic of your partner and that can be really hurtful to\nhear.\n\nYou have the right to decide what information you share with whom in your\nlife. It sounds like it’s important to your partner that you’re honest with\nyour family about the relationship and it can be challenging to resolve\ndifferent opinions. We have a page, here, that talks about conflict resolution\nand you might find the info helpful as you work together to figure out the\nbest ways to navigate this situation for both of you. There are several great\nsuggestions in our blog post about the experience with your family and we’re\nhappy to talk about them with you anytime. Our advocates are available 24/7 by\nphone at 866-331-9474, text (text ‘loveis’ to 22522) or online web chat.\n\nWe’re here when you need us.\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 10. Nicole says:\n\nNovember 1, 2015 at 12:11 pm\n\nI am a sophomore in college (19 years old) and I’m currently seeing someone\nwho’s 24. We are not boyfriends and girlfriends yet, but we both really like\neach other and would like the relationship to get serious soon, which is why I\ntold my mom about him but she does not approve and wants me to stop seeing\nhim. There are many issues with this situation and I’m very frustrated and\ndesperate. First, I had just left a relationship a month ago and got a Tinder\naccount, which is where I met the guy I’m seeing right now. My mom is\ntherefore skeptical and thinks that 1) I’m just seeing this guy because I’m\ndesperate and too lonely, and 2) she doesn’t trust the whole “meeting someone\nonline” kinda thing, and has read stories about girls being conned by older\nmen via social media. I understand her concerns but Tinder is very common\namong younger people now, and I have already met this guy a few times in\npublic; also, my friends have met him, his friends has met me and we’ve all\nhung out, I even had dinner with his parents and it was lovely because they’re\ngreat people and they really liked me. But another major issue is the fact\nthat I’m in college and he started working straight out of high school and\nthus never went to college. He is a woodworker, which is a decent, honest\nliving but my mom thinks he’s not of my “class”. I hate that she is judging\nhim like this before she’s even met him, because he is a very decent man and\nage does not play a part in how we interact. We get along so so well and are\nboth attracted to each other, but still my mom thinks we have “nothing in\ncommon” because we’ve led such different lives. I would love for my mom and\nthis guy to meet but I’m an international students studying abroad in the\nstates, so my parents can’t actually meet him in person. He makes me so happy\nand is so respectful and caring towards me – still my mom just thinks he’s\ntaking advantage of me because we met in Tinder. That is absolutely not true.\nEverything is mutual and consensual. I’m so lost and I really want to be this\ngirlfriend, but how can I reconcile what is going on right now?\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 2, 2015 at 3:21 am\n\nHi Nicole,\n\nThank you so much for being a part of our online community! It sounds like\nyou’re in such a difficult situation, especially because the limitations on\nyour potential relationship are outside of your control. You can’t make your\nmom like him, but you deserve to have your choices respected. It sounds like\nyou’ve already tried to talk through this with your mom, and it definitely\nseems like her response has been frustrating! As the article above describes,\nher dislike of him may be based on prejudice instead of grounded in a tangible\nconcern. That can create a very challenging environment because there may be\nlittle or nothing you can do to shift her perception of him.\n\nHow to move forward with this is something that you will have to decide. It\nseems like you feel happy with entering into a relationship with this person,\nthe he fulfills what you feel you Should Look For in a Partner, and that you\nfeel confident about how Healthy the relationship will be. You should have the\nopportunity to pursue your own relationships.\n\nIf you would like to talk through your situation or explore options for\nworking through this, I encourage you to reach out to us anytime. Our\nadvocates are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text:\nloveis to 22522) to offer a safe space to talk.\n\nTake care, Advocate GR\n\n 11. BONGANI says:\n\nNovember 3, 2015 at 12:40 am\n\nHi I have a problem with my family. They don’t like my girl friend they say\nshe like my money (she a gold digger) she is using me . I love this girl alot\nshe is everything to me. My granny liked her but she charged after my lil\nbrother come back home. Now we don’t talk to each other and they are kicking\nme out of the family house. I love this girl she is my futer wife and I did\nbuy the engagedment ring. Its easy ask her to marry me. Any help\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 3, 2015 at 7:16 pm\n\nHi Bongani,\n\nThank you for reaching out. For your family to try to come between you and\nsomeone you care about is very stressful. You are the only one that can decide\nwho is right for you. Even if your family doesn’t like her, that doesn’t give\nthem the right to treat you with disrespect because you love her. There isn’t\na way to make your family change their minds about you being with her. You\nhave the option of expressing that you love and respect your family and that\nyou also love her and want her in your life. If you would like to reach out to\nan advocate about this, we are here 24/7 at 1-866-331-9474, by chat, and by\ntext through texting “loveis” to 22522.\n\nTake care,\n\nAdvocate LC\n\n 12. Dominic says:\n\nNovember 13, 2015 at 12:25 am\n\nI don’t know if I’m in a bind or not I’ve been with the love of my life for 10\nyears on and off. We have a three year old daughter together and she recently\nmoved out past couple of months the last 2 years 3 years we haven’t\ncommunicated at all and it led to cheating and infidelity in her side for\ncouple men. Then I dated someone she knew shortly after this isn’t the first\ntime in the 10 years this is happened mostly with her every time this is the\nonly time I’ve cheated on her once her 5 6 in the 10 yrs we always find are\nway back to each other , this person is thr love of my life and we been\nthrough everything I mean everything together you name it the darkest of the\ndarkest and bright moments as well. Sometimes I feel like she’s almost a lot\nof times I feel like she’s not as into me as I am her and when I’m dating\nsomeone she’ll come back and wanna show me the most attention I’ve ever seen\nand then goes away. And our parents really never wanted us together never did\nwhole 10 years but we still been together and I proved her family wrong about\nme they’re very traditional old school Chinese. Now I own my own business and\nI didn’t 4 years ago I was in jail a lot, my life is changed since my daughter\nhas came but I still seem to have problems always in our relationship but I\nfeel like she’s not worth letting go I don’t know she feels the same for me or\njust a convenient time for comfort like I said it’s very complicated it goes\non and on any help would be good\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 13, 2015 at 1:37 pm\n\nHi Dominic,\n\nThank you for sharing your story with us. It sounds like you’ve had a lot\ngoing on, and been through many tough experiences with your ex partner. Trust,\ncommunication, respect and equality are all really important parts of making a\nrelationship healthy. You both definitely deserve a relationship built on\nthese qualities, and it might be something to reflect on as you decide if you\nwould like to make things work or move on from here. We would also be happy to\nhelp talk through some healthy options for moving forward from here. We are\navailable 24/7 by phone (1-866-331-9474), text (text “loveis” to 22522) or\nchat.\n\nTake Care!\n\nAdvocate RF\n\n 13. Tiffany says:\n\nNovember 18, 2015 at 12:21 pm\n\nHi! My name is Tiffany I can relate to some situations that is similar to\nmine! I’ve been dating a man for 7 months now in the beginning he was like\nprince charming. We talk weeks before dating . when I first met him to his\nhouse I saw kids I knew nothing about and he didnt wanna introduce them to me\nright away intill days after so he did even tho he did not want to. First few\ndays he cooked for me,gave me massages, spoke nicely to me and so much more l.\nMake a long story short I ask him about his kids mother he told me she lost\nher mind and kids don’t get to see her so I believed him in till I found out\nshe(his kids mother) was actually staying in his daughter room and never\nreally came out so I lost it and approach him bout it he said she was visiting\nafter already lying to me,I met her and introduce myself then days later I\nfound out he had a 5th kid by her(new born) she kept over in jersey with her\nmother I knew nothing about! He said h wasn’t sure it was his. So days after\nshe moved out I forgave him and tried to work it out do we did and everything\nwent fine I introduce my son to him and his kids and we did things like a\nfamily but once he started getting comfortable with me his whole attitude\nstarted to change; he started calling me names,punching on me when he get\nmad,smoking,drinking and all do I tried to distance myself and told my family\nabout what was going on and they wanted me to stay away and leave him along,he\napologized numerous of times bit I feel like sorry is not enough! I really\nlove and care for him and want him to get help\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 20, 2015 at 12:50 am\n\nTiffany,\n\nThank you so much for reaching out and telling your story. It sounds like you\nhave been through a lot of upsetting and complicated situations in this\nrelationship and that is definitely not your fault at all.\n\nIt is actually very common for abusive partners to be very charming and\nattentive in the beginning stages of the relationship. They are great\nmanipulators, so while this can seem like positive attention and care at\nfirst, it often is a sign of their need for control and power over you and the\nrelationship.\n\nYou never deserve to be put down, hit, lied to, or made to feel less than in\nthe relationship. Healthy relationships are all about RESPECT, open\ncommunication, and trust, not manipulation and power. It sounds like your\npartner has been both physically and emotionally abusing you and that is not\nsomething that you have to go through alone.\n\nWe really encourage you to contact us directly so that we might better be able\nto safety-plan with you and talk about possible options moving forward. If\nthis sounds like something you would be interested in, please feel free to\ncall us 24/7 at 1-866-331-9474 or you can also reach us on our live chat on\nour homepage, or by texting loveis to 22522.\n\nThanks again for reaching out and keep staying strong!\n\nStay safe, Advocate KB\n\n 14. Tasha says:\n\nNovember 20, 2015 at 3:25 pm\n\nHey, I have a Boyfriend who is so great very respectful most times. And he has\na awesome heart. But one time I went out with him and I met his family. Me and\nhis aunt ended up arguing because of his daughter there where drinking and had\nliquor all over so I didn’t see when he pulled the cup for her. So I didn’t\nwant her to drink liquor so I took the cup and taste it before she drunk it.\nHis aunt jump in and said that nasty so me I explained myself. I then said I\nam ready to go. He said okay. Now I felt he didn’t have my back at all.\nAnyways the aunt got in the car yelling at me calling me names and everything\nso me I started defending myself. He wasn’t she was calling me bitches and\neverything. He don’t deal with his family like that he apologize for her\nbehavior I forgive. Then we went out one not and his baby Mother and her\nfriends come up to him so I ask who are they he said his baby Mother. I have\nnever been put in these positions in my whole life. And I love him so much. I\ndon’t know what I should do? Every time I am around his family I say hey and I\nam silent for hours. HELP ME PLEASE!!!!! I even feel he is dealing with his\nbaby Mother.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 22, 2015 at 12:06 am\n\nDear Tasha,\n\nThat sounds like a really frustrating and difficult situation for you to be\nin. I’m sorry to hear that his relatives are making your relationship with\nyour boyfriend difficult. It can be really hard when you are in a relationship\nand there is not support from your partner’s family. Maintaining open\ncommunication about what has been going on with your boyfriend is really\nimportant, and you always have the option to tell him that you would rather\nnot be around his family or ex-partners. Please feel free to call us 24/7 at\n1-866-331-9474 or you can also reach us on our live chat on our homepage, or\nby texting loveis to 22522 if you want to talk more about your situation.\n\nTake care, Advocate CC\n\n 15. Sonia says:\n\nNovember 24, 2015 at 6:29 pm\n\nI have been dating a man of a different religion for a year now knowing that\nmy family disapproves of this religion. My parents are Indian and have told me\nmy whole life to stay away from people of this religion. Even my sibling\nraised in the USA disapproves of me being in a relationship with someone of\nthis religion. I am deeply in love with this man and I feel that I am stuck\nbetween choosing him and my family. I tried telling my sibling about this man\nand he said he will stop talking to me if I stay with this man. I also\nmentioned it to my mother and she was fine with it at first but now says she\nhas heard stories about other women marrying within the religion my partner is\nand getting divorced, converted, or abused in the longrun. She keeps trying to\nintroduce new men to me now. I am temporarily living at home and will be\nmoving out soon. What do you think I should do at this point?\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 25, 2015 at 6:36 pm\n\nHello Sonia,\n\nThank you for reaching out and sharing what is going on in your life. That\nsounds like such a difficult situation. I’m sorry that your family has forced\nyou into this position where you feel like you have to choose between them and\na person you love. Your wellbeing and happiness are really important and we\nare always here to offer support. If you would like to talk with an advocate\ndirectly about the situation you are currently facing, you can reach us 24/7\non chat, at 1-866-331-9474, and by texting “loveis” to 22522.\n\nTake care, Advocate RG\n\n 16. Amanda says:\n\nNovember 26, 2015 at 12:45 am\n\nHi there. OKay so basically six months ago I met this guy at church and like\nwe started talking. Basically six months later we are talking about a\nrelationship. He’s had a really bad past, was on hardcore drugs, but almost\ntwo years ago he got clean. And he’s been clean since then. My grandma who I\nlive with met him once and immediately put judgement on him as she found out a\nlittle bit of his past because I willingly told her. And she immediately said\nthat he wasn’t good for me. Not knowing at all how he treats me or how he\nactually is. And his parents are ten years apart as well and I get some of it\nbecause so are we. But I just have no idea how to tell her because I know\nshe’ll judge him. And I don’t want that on him. So yeah. Idk what to do\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 27, 2015 at 12:16 am\n\nHi Amanda,\n\nThank you for sharing your story and for being brave enough to reach out. It\ncan be really hard when a family member doesn’t approve of your partner,\nespecially when it is a sudden judgement NOT based off of their experience\nwith that person. So it completely makes sense that this is confusing and\nupsetting for you.\n\nYou can’t control what your grandma thinks about him, but you CAN control some\nof what she thinks about you. If you are honest with her and openly\ncommunicate about the things you are doing, it might be easier for her to\ntrust you and then eventually your new partner, as opposed to you being\ndishonest and not letting her know what is going on.\n\nIt seems from what you are saying she is going to judge him no matter what you\nsay. So it might be better for you to maintain your trust and support from her\nrather than lie and cut her out completely? I can’t say for sure b/c you are\nthe only expert on your life, but I definitely encourage you to reach out to\nus to talk more about this on chat at our loveisrespect homepage, or text\nloveis to 22522.\n\nBest Wishes, Advocate KB\n\n 17. Confused says:\n\nNovember 27, 2015 at 6:20 pm\n\nI met a guy in school last year, where we became friends and started to get to\nknow each other. Eventually we became very close over a matter of months and,\nIn a nutshell, we eventually started to like each other. Before our first\nhomecoming, he asked me to go with him, and I of course said yes. However, he\nended up making the choice to go with another girl because he didn’t like the\npeople that would be in our homecoming group. I was really hurt and upset, and\nhe immediately regretted his poor choice. In a nutshell, my family and all my\nfriends found out and were very angry with him, as I was. But he apologized\nmany times and I ended up forgiving him after a matter of time, because it\nseems like he has changed quite a bit. We both have a lot of feelings for each\nother, and we have gone on a couple of dates. However, my friends and family\ndo not approve of him at all because of what he did to me. I’ve known deep\ndown that my family would never approve if they knew I have been seeing him in\nprivate, so I haven’t told them. Earlier today they caught me communicating\nwith him via text and were very angry. They think that I’m too forgiving and I\nshould not forgive him. I claimed that we are just friends, but they did not\neven approve of that. I really want to start a relationship with this guy,\nbecause I really like him and know him well and I think he has really changed,\nbut my family seems to never approve. How should I approach this situation? I\nreally want my family and friends to be fine with me liking him, but I feel\nreally judged even with just telling my friends and family I’m only friends\nwith this guy now. I want to be happy, but this is really getting in the way.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 30, 2015 at 12:45 am\n\nHi Confused,\n\nThank you for being a part of our online community! That sounds like such a\ndifficult situation, and unfortunately, there isn’t anything you can do to\nmake your friends and family like your partner. You can only control your own\nchoices. As the article above says, it can be helpful to talk with those who\nare not approving of the relationship, if that’s something you are comfortable\ndoing. Communicating with them regarding their perspective and your own to see\nhow you might work through this issue in a healthy way may be ideal. However,\nif their opinion of him is not something they are willing to reconsider, that\ncan definitely put you in a really challenging situation.\n\nWhile Keeping Your Relationship a Secret can seem like the least problematic\nchoice, at some point, your relationship will likely come out. One thing that\nmay be important to consider is how you want that information to come out. If\nyou can make that happen on your own terms, that can be important for\nmaintaining a positive relationship with others in your life. That can be so\nstressful to consider, and if you would like to plan around what that might\nlook like for you, that is something we would be more than willing to work\nwith you on.\n\nIf you would like to talk through this further and explore further options for\nworking through this, I encourage you to reach out to us, anytime. We are here\n24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522)\nto offer a safe space to talk.\n\nTake care, Advocate GR\n\n 18. Laina says:\n\nNovember 27, 2015 at 6:42 pm\n\nHi! So I am a lesbian. I’m open about my sexual orientation with my\nfamily/friends. My girlfriend is welcome at all of my family’s family\ngatherings. My family don’t like the fact that I’m gay but they love me the\nsame and they love my girlfriend. The issue however is I’m not welcome by my\ngirlfriends family. She is not allowed to mention me or even bring me to her\nfamily’s house. Not even to sit in the car while she runs in and out. Her\nfather won’t let her little brother talk to her if I’m around. I don’t know\nhow to handle this. She says she loves me and that her parents actions are not\ngonna make her leave me but she is very family oriented. She says that they\nhave never said anything about me, that it’s her they’re mad at. They are very\nreligious people and they say some very hurtful things to her. I’ve seen her\ncry way too many times. I can’t help but to feel that their actions are my\nfault. What I’m really wondering is if my relationship is gonna last. I love\nthis girl with everything in me and I want marriage and a family with her.\nThey say you marry the persons family along with the person.... I know that\nwouldn’t be a good thing in my case. Please help. Any advice would be\nappreciated. Thank you.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nNovember 30, 2015 at 1:24 am\n\nHi Laina,\n\nThank you so much for being a part of our online community and for sharing\nyour story with us! That sounds like such a stressful situation for both you\nand your partner! You and your partner deserve to be accepted, exactly as you\nare, by both of your families. You both deserve a positive environment of\nacceptance and respect, and it’s not fair for her family to choose to create\nsuch a judgmental atmosphere.\n\nNo one should have to experience this, and I’m so sorry that those outside of\nthe relationship are impacting the potential for you to build a healthy\nrelationship together. If you feel comfortable doing so, I definitely\nencourage you to talk through your concerns with your partner. It seems like\nyou care about her so much, and you deserve to feel happy and supported in\nyour relationship by those around you. Understanding where each of you stand,\nhow your relationship might look, moving forward, and what each of you need\nfor support through this may be helpful.\n\nIf you would ever like to talk further about your situation or you are\ninterested in exploring options for working through this, I encourage you to\nreach out to us, anytime. We are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online\nchat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer a safe space to talk about what\nyou are going through. In addition, I encourage you to consider reaching out\nto the GLBT Hotline. They may have additional suggestions and support options\navailable for you and your partner.\n\nTake care, Advocate GR\n\n 19. Dee says:\n\nNovember 28, 2015 at 4:00 pm\n\nMy partner met my mum and brother the other day and my mum doesn’t like him\ndue to the fact he didn’t come with a gift, the way he dresses and apparently\nthe way he spoke but I can’t tell my family how much he looks after me after\nsuffering anxiety attacks when I’m with him because I would travel in packed\nplaces. He shows me how much he cares. I love my family to bits and I love my\npartner to. My brother doesn’t approve of him either the same reasons as my\nmum and I’m stuck I just don’t know what to do and he also comes from a\ndifferent background and when I told my mum she assumed things already and\nsaid I don’t like the way they talk or the way they look at their loved ones\nand most of them are disrespectful but every time I tried to defend him my mum\nsaid no don’t defend him. He made a few mistakes and I most probaly made a few\nmistakes meeting his parents, I just need advice on what to do because I’m so\nangry towards my family by saying they don’t want him in the house or me\nseeing him that much but I’m so in love with him my mum or brother don’t see\nthat any advice ?\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 1, 2015 at 12:54 am\n\nHi Dee,\n\nIt’s clear how much you value your healthy relationship and care for your\nthoughtful partner. It’s great to hear that your experiences with him are so\nsupportive and kind. I’m sorry that your mum and brother don’t support your\nrelationship; it sounds very hurtful. As our blog post discusses, it can be\nespecially difficult to experience your family’s prejudice of your partner. It\nsounds like you’ve tried talking to your family about the situation and they\nwere not receptive to that conversation or wanting to hear you.\n\nAt this point, it seems like you’re looking for healthy ways to process your\nanger about the situation. It’s really thoughtful of you to recognize how\nyou’re feeling and think carefully about how you want to act on those\nfeelings. Just like self-care or healing, everyone expresses emotions and\nworks through them differently and I encourage you to find what works best for\nyou. Some options might be journaling or creating art about your feelings, or\nfinding physical activities like running to release the energy. If you would\nlike to brainstorm more ideas with an advocate, you can reach us 24/7 via\nonline chat, at 1-866-331-9474, and by texting “loveis” to 22522.\n\nTake care,\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 20. Arcane Siren says:\n\nNovember 29, 2015 at 9:57 am\n\nHi. I just need advice for my current situation. Me and my bf have been\ntogether for almost 10 months. During our first few months of dating, I wanted\nto introduce him to my family. I tried. But my mom didn’t approve. She didn’t\neven want to get to know him. She just judged him by his appearance since he\nhad two tattoos. From that time onwards she was suspicious of me. I had to\nresort to lying just to avoid conflict. I’ve tried to convince her that my bf\nis a good man. I met his family already and they strongly approve. I don’t\nknow what will I do for MY family to love him. He says I should not stress\nmuch about it. Just wait for the right time. But sometimes I can’t help but\nenvy other couples out there. He promised that once he gets a stable job he’ll\npresent himself to my family. I don’t know what to do anymore. Can anyone give\nme advice? :'(\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 1, 2015 at 1:08 am\n\nHi Arcane,\n\nI can hear how much the situation with your boyfriend and your family is\nhurting you and I’m sorry you’re experiencing this. It sounds like you and\nyour boyfriend are able to talk openly and honestly about what’s going on and\nthat’s great; communication like that is such an important part of a healthy\nrelationship. I can imagine how hard it is to feel that you need to lie to\nyour family in order to keep the peace. Along with so many other members of\nour online community, it seems that your mom’s opinions of him are based in\nher own prejudice and that’s such a difficult thing to work with.\n\nWith most situations, especially challenging ones like these, there isn’t one\nright answer that works for everyone. Often, finding what works best for you\nmeans trying various ideas until you find one that works, and we understand\nthat the trial-and error process can be frustrating. I encourage you to be\npatient with yourself as you work through this. As our blog post says, while\nthere may be different options to try, ultimately, it’s important to do what’s\nbest and most healthy for you and your life. If you would like to talk with an\nadvocate about the situation, you can reach us 24/7 on chat, at\n1-866-331-9474, and by texting “loveis” to 22522.\n\nTake care,\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 21. amit says:\n\nDecember 3, 2015 at 1:19 am\n\nsir I m in a relationship ,,she is love me very much ,,and i m also love her\nvery much ,,,, But sir she belong to my sister family . til now only my sister\nknow that we r in a relation ship and nobody ,,,,,it is true that we can`t\nlive without any one ,,,,we can never think to live without any one ,,what i\ndo i m also don`t know sir ...\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 4, 2015 at 4:38 pm\n\nHello,\n\nThank you so much for reaching out to our blog community.Everyone deserves a\nhealthy relationship that is built on respect, communication, trust and\nequality. It sounds like this has been a tough situation. We would be happy to\nchat with you about what has been going on and help you talk through some\noptions moving forward. We can be reached through 24/7 through chat, at\n1-866-331-9474, or by texting “loveis” to 22522.\n\nTake care, Advocate RF\n\n 22. Jo says:\n\nDecember 3, 2015 at 9:24 pm\n\nMy boyfriend and I grew up together and have known each other since we were\n12. We began dating at the end of senior year, and have now been together a\nlittle over a year and a half. My family liked him while we were friends, but\nwhen we began dating, it was obvious that they didn’t approve. My younger\nsister (16) doesn’t like him for a variety of reasons including that she\ndoesn’t think he is attractive. She complains that he is rude to her (even\nthough I don’t see it) and that he is a “know it all”. He is incredibly smart\nand I think he could come off sometimes as being arrogant, but he is also\nincredibly kind, especially to my family. Despite the fact that I don’t think\nhe is being rude, they do and it really hurts my feelings. My sister\nconstantly makes comments about how I should date _______ or that I may find\nmy future husband at this wedding, etc. She doesn’t even acknowledge that I am\nin a committed relationship, I don’t know what to do.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 7, 2015 at 12:29 am\n\nHi Jo,\n\nThank you so much for being a part of our online community! It sounds like a\nreally frustrating situation! Everyone deserves to be treated with respect,\nand it’s not fair for your family to make value judgments based on appearance.\nIf you have already worked to communicate in a healthy way and talk with your\nfamily about your concerns, and they have not been willing to reconsider the\nway they are engaging with you and your partner, unfortunately, that may limit\nyour options in addressing this with them. You only have control over your own\nchoices, and that can feel so overwhelming when others make hurtful choices\nthat impact you.\n\nYou deserve the space to make your own choices and to have those respected. I\nencourage you to reach out to talk with us further about your situation! We\nare here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to\n22522) to offer a safe space to talk about what you are going through and to\nexplore options for working through this.\n\nTake care, Advocate GR\n\n 23. Help says:\n\nDecember 8, 2015 at 6:27 am\n\nCould i talk somewhre personal ?\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 8, 2015 at 6:18 pm\n\nHi Help,\n\nYes you can reach out to us through chat, at 1-866-331-9474 or by texting\n“loveis” to 22522. You will be connected to an advocate who can talk to you\nabout healthy relationships and dating abuse issues. Our Contact Us page talks\na little bit about what to expect and how we help.\n\nTake care,\n\nAdvocate LC\n\n 24. Sam says:\n\nDecember 9, 2015 at 1:03 am\n\nhelp!... thank you for an opportunity to share my pain... I am in love with a\nyoung girl who loves me even more than I love her, but my elder sister dislike\nher for a reason..# she said she likes men..but all I see in that is that my\nliver is just being social, i’ve tried to make my sister understand but she\ninsisted.. what do I do please help...am a Nigerian...\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 9, 2015 at 6:20 pm\n\nHello Sam,\n\nThank you for reaching out and sharing your experience with our online\ncommunity. That sounds like such a difficult situation. It can be really\nupsetting when you are in love with someone and your family or a family member\ndoesn’t like them. One great resource that can offer support around issues\nwith family members if Your Life Your Voice. They can be reached over phone,\ntext, chat or e-mail here. If you have any questions or concerns about\nhealthy, unhealthy or abusive relationships, please don’t hesitate to contact\nus directly. Advocates are available 24/7 on chat, at 1-866-331-9474 or by\ntexting “loveis” to 22522.\n\nTake good care, Advocate RG\n\n 25. Nicky says:\n\nDecember 12, 2015 at 12:35 am\n\nHi, so I need a bit (actually a lot) of help lol. I’ve been with my boyfriend\nfor almost 8 months now. However my family doesn’t know about him and the\nreason it’s hard for me to tell them is because they are extremely prejudice\nand only approve of being with someone of the same ethnicity. I am Persian and\nhe is Mexican & I am 19 and he’s 30, they would also flip out about the age\ngap, which personally doesn’t bother me. It just makes me so sad because it’s\nnot fair to him that I keep him a secret and still have to lie to my family\nwhen I see him. I do know my mom is suspicious of me because a few times she’s\ntold me “you better not be dating any mexican.” My sister’s boyfriend is\nPersian as well and they shower him with gifts and love him so much. My\nboyfriend will never have that and I’ve told him and he gets really hurt but\nhe understands my situation and is extremely patient. My friends tell me to\njust tell my mom but it’s extremely scary and so hard for me to do. I know\nonce I move out i won’t have to worry but that won’t be for another few years.\nIs there anything to do or will I just have to accept the fact that they’ll\nnever approve? Thank you for your time.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 11:39 pm\n\nHi Nicky,\n\nWe’re so glad that you’re part of our online community. Thank you for bravely\nsharing your story with us and reaching out for support. It can be so hard\nwhen your family’s prejudices affect your relationship like this. I can hear\nhow much you care about both your family and your boyfriend and how much it\nhurts to keep your relationship secret. It takes a lot of courage to face a\nsituation and be honest about the challenges you see. You cannot control your\nfamily or change their beliefs; that’s something only they can choose to do.\n\nIn terms of possible options, as the post says, we encourage you to think\nabout what might be safe for you. Given that you live with your family,\ntalking to them about your relationship might not be safe. As the expert in\nthe situation, we trust that you know better than anyone else what’s going to\nbe best for you. It sounds like you have a healthy relationship with your\nboyfriend and that you two are able to talk about the situation. Having\nunderstanding and support can be incredibly helpful in getting through this\nsituation. You are also welcome to give us a call (866-331-9474), chat online,\nor text (‘loveis’ to 2252) to speak with an advocate about this anytime, 24/7.\n\nTake care!\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 26. Meme says:\n\nDecember 13, 2015 at 7:16 pm\n\nMy Heart,\n\nI am in a relationship for 2 and a half years with a guy who is in prison. We\nmet through a ex of mines. At first I was hesitant because he’s behind bars.\nBut something told me to give him a chance. I know that he has children and he\nhas a past. But my family and friends don’t want me to be with him. SOME know\nhim from his past life and others know him through me. I have given our love a\nchance but I am dealing with everyone telling me they protecting me from him.\nWhen my mom comes at me like I am protecting you. But don’t talk to my other\nsisters dealing with worst then me. One because they have children with these\nmen and done a lot of stuff to them but never approach them like she approach\nme. This pisses me off alot. I want to make my own mistakes. I really love\nthis dude but how do I get away from people who already hate him. Not because\nthey know him but because he’s in prison. In the saying is this is all games\nbut I know he really loves me. I really sad, angry and disappointed about all\nthis my mind is crying why me all the time.. why can’t I be happy.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 11:53 pm\n\nHi Meme,\n\nWe really appreciate you sharing your experiences with us and are so glad that\nyou’re part of our online community. It sounds like the situation with your\nfamily is so hurtful and we want you to have all the support possible. You\nhave the right to make choices about your own life, including who you are in a\nrelationship with and it seems like your family isn’t respecting that right.\nNo one has the right to tell you what to do or make you feel bad about the\nchoices you’ve made. I can hear how hurtful it is that your mom talks to you\ndifferently than your sisters. Every relationship should be healthy, including\nthe ones we have with our families and that includes communicating\nrespectfully, especially about different opinions.\n\nAs the expert in your situation, you know what will work best for you. One\noption that might be helpful to consider could be setting boundaries with your\nfamily about your relationship. For example, letting them know that you’re\naware of their opinions and do not want to talk about your relationship\nanymore. You could let them know that if they bring up your partner or your\nrelationship, you’ll end the conversation. If you would like to talk about\nthis idea or other with an advocate, feel free to reach out anytime, 24/7. You\ncan reach us by phone at (866-331-9474), chat online, or text (‘loveis’ to\n2252).\n\nTake care!\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 27. Sarah says:\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 12:51 am\n\nHello.. I am such in a weird situation right now.. its about me and my\nboyfriend trying to get married..both want it so so bad because we need each\nother and the bad news is that we can’t actually go out like other couples do,\nwe don’t have the right to do so because his parents told him not to because\nof some religious views and we don’t want to get in details here.. but the\nthing is that we were actually dating like normal people, going out having fun\nwith each other ect ect but suddenly the rules changed! They don’t agree\nanymore with it, so this is where we decided to get married and be together\nlike living our lives.. but unfortunately his parents does not agree to a\nwedding so soon.. So i was thinking that maybe my boyfriend will fight the\nsituation and convince his parents to a simple wedding but he isn’t, and the\nworst thing about it is that his mom doesn’t like me and creating family\nconflict, which now my boyfriend started to be so distant with me and let me\ntell you that this is so painful like i can’t even say anything to him, else\nhe’s going to be more and more far away from me. Am so exhausted with thinking\nand feeling so bad about the situation with my boyfriend right now.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 15, 2015 at 12:02 am\n\nHi Sarah,\n\nThank you so much for sharing your story with our community. We’re so glad\nthat you’re part of our online community and know that we’re here for you. It\nsounds like the changes in your relationship have been so challenging so both\nyou and your boyfriend. It can be so difficult when major changes happen so\nsuddenly, especially if they weren’t choices that you made. I hear how hard\nyou and your boyfriend are working to respect his parents’ choices, even when\nyou don’t like them. It seems like the situation is affecting your\nrelationship at this point and I can hear how much that hurts.\n\nCommunication is a vital part of a healthy relationship and it’s important\nthat you feel you can talk to your boyfriend about how you’re feeling. We have\nsome great pages that might help, How Can We Communicate Better? and Conflict\nResolution in Healthy Relationships. These pages might help you figure out\nsome strategies to talk with your boyfriend about what’s going on. If you’d\nlike to talk more about the situation or these pages, feel free to reach out\nanytime 24/7 to talk with an advocate. You can reach us by phone\n(1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522).\n\nTake care,\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 28. Dalton says:\n\nDecember 18, 2015 at 7:32 pm\n\nSo my mom has a problem with my girlfriend ever since my girlfriend questioned\nwhy my mom was keeping my credit card. My girlfriend was only trying to help\nme win the situation over because I am 18 and it was legally and rightfully\nmine. So now my mom still doesn’t like my girlfriend, knows we are still\ndating, and I have no idea why my mom is acting this way towards her and\nacting like I don’t want anything to do with her anymore. Please help. I’ve\nalready tried talking to my mom about it but she just gets loud, doesn’t know\nshe gets loud, and it just upsets her, and I can’t communicate civilized with\nher. I don’t know how I can force my mom to change her mind about my partner,\nmy partner and I both have things that I can see other people watching will\nnot like, but there is no reason for my mom not to like my girlfriend. I\nreally need help, please respond thoughtfully and take into consideration that\nI feel I have tried so much already, literally.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 19, 2015 at 11:58 pm\n\nHi Dalton,\n\nThat sounds like such a frustrating situation for you to be in, it is\ndefinitely not ok for your mom to treat you like that and to be unkind to your\npartner. It’s your relationship and you know yourself and your partner the\nbest, and you have the right to decide what you need in a relationship and who\nyou want to be with. If you need additional support about this, I would\nencourage you to reach out and talk with one of our advocates. You can reach\nus by phone (1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522).\n\nBest,\n\nAdvocate CC\n\n 29. Rachel says:\n\nDecember 18, 2015 at 11:37 pm\n\nHello, I’m 18 this year and have been dating my boyfriend (same age) for half\na year now. He’s such a gentleman and we have so much in common. He’s the love\nof my life! We’re so in love we’ve already made plans for 20 years into the\nfuture. I know it might seem childish or immature due to our age, but I\nsincerely believe that with the mutual respect, love and trust that we have we\ncan build a future together. I’ve been keping this relationship a secret from\nmy family for about 5 months as we were studying for our university entrance\nexams and didn’t want the to worry. My parents have expressed concern since\nthey realized I was hanging out with him a lot. And after coming out they’ve\njust flat out told me to break up with him. I really regret telling them, but\nI did so because it’s a serious relationship 🙁 And family approval means a lot\nto me. I feel that a lot of their concerns are built on prejudice. They think\nthat because he’s a Chinese national (but he’s going to get local citizenship\nsoon) he’s a gold digger, will pose as a financial burden and cause social\nrifts between me and my family/friends. They’ve even brought it as far as to\ninsult his parents and say that they don’t want to be in-laws with Chinese\npeople. Which is ridiculous cause they don’t know anything about his family\nyet. They’re not giving him a chance at all, and it makes me super indignant.\nHe’s been really upset because of this, but has promised me to prove to them\nthat he’s not at all like what they think. It’s so rude on my parents part.\nThey don’t know how torn up I feel because I keep all breakdowns in my room.\nHelp I don’t think I can stand it any longer. I know my parents mean well, but\nthey’re really elitist!\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 21, 2015 at 3:08 am\n\nHi Rachel,\n\nThank you so much for being a part of our online community and sharing your\nsituation! That sounds like such a stressful and upsetting thing to go\nthrough. It seems like you read through the article above and already\nidentified that your family’s issues with your partner may be as a result of\nprejudice. That can be such a hurtful thing for you and your partner to\nexperience, and unfortunately, if they are closed off to the idea of being\naccepting, there may not be a way for you, or him, to change their minds.\n\nIt sounds like you’ve been talking through this situation with your partner,\nwhich can be so helpful. It might also be important to talk with him about how\neach of you might feel if their disapproval continues. I hear how much you\ncare about both your partner and your family, and it can be so overwhelming\nwhen your family isn’t respecting your choice in partner.\n\nIf you would like to talk more about your situation, please know that you are\nencouraged to reach out to us, anytime. Our advocates are here 24/7 by phone\n(1.866.331.9474), online chat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer you a\nsafe place to talk.\n\nTake care! Advocate GR\n\n 30. sabina says:\n\nDecember 21, 2015 at 3:44 am\n\nHello, am a muslim girl in relationship with a hindu guy for 5 years. I did\nnot tell my dad about it because i wanted to know my boyfriend and see if our\nrelationship really works or not during these 5 years.As i deduced that my\nrelationship was serious,i decided to announce my othordox dad about that and\nhe was very angry. my mum knew my boyfriend since the beginning. When i told\nmy dad about my boyfriend, he refused to meet him instantly. I was very\nheartbroken. My mum just loves my boyfriend and accepts our relationship. My\nboyfriend has a good job, just finished building his house, neither smokes nor\ndrinks, well he is what all parents would dream for a potential husband for\ntheir daughter.As far as i’m concerned, i’m doing my last yr at university.\nDad told me that he will never accept my boyfriend because he is a hindu\ndespite my mom trying to reason him . I decided to complete my course, get a\njob and marry my boyfriend next yr.Please can you advise me. I really really\nwant my dad to accept my boyfriend because he is someone very good at heart.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nDecember 22, 2015 at 12:20 am\n\nHello Sabina,\n\nIt takes courage to share your experiences and we truly appreciate your\nopenness with our online community. This sounds like such a difficult\nsituation and I’m sorry that you’re going through this. I can hear how hurtful\nit is to you that your dad refuses to accept or even meet your boyfriend. As\nour blog post mentions, disliking someone based on factors like race,\nreligion, sexual orientation or appearance is called prejudice. Your dad’s\nprejudice is about him more than it is about your boyfriend and,\nunfortunately, it isn’t something that you can change.\n\nIt sounds like your boyfriend is very caring and your mum is supportive of you\nand the relationship. It’s great that you have such positive relationships\nwith them both. Talking with your mum and your boyfriend about the situation\nmight be really helpful, both in working through the stress and taking care of\nyourself and also, possibly finding ways to talk to your dad about the\nsituation. It seems that you’ve thought about what you want to do in the\nfuture and it’s great that you’re focusing on your relationship and moving\nforward. If you would like to talk more about your situation, please reach out\nto us anytime. Our advocates are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online\nchat and text (text: loveis to 22522) to offer you a safe place to talk.\n\nTake care,\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 31. Pollyredka says:\n\nDecember 30, 2015 at 12:17 pm\n\nHi, i have this main problem of my girlfriend’s parents not liking me cause im\na girl and are very against it. They think it’s just a phase for her and wants\nher to breakup with me. We are both very determined to stay together but it is\nhurting her more and more each day with the restrictions and hurtful words we\nget from them. Is there any way I can solve this and make them see the bigger\npicture, acceptance perhaps? Thank you.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nJanuary 1, 2016 at 12:49 am\n\nHi Pollyredka,\n\nThank you for sharing your story with us and reaching out! That must have\ntaken a lot courage so I am glad that you did.\n\nIt sounds like what you are experiencing is really awful and hurtful so it\nmakes sense that you are confused at what to do. Unfortunately, you can’t\ncontrol your partner or her parents opinions, however wrong they may be. Your\npartner deserves to be able to choose who she wants to be with, so it’s\nupsetting that her family is not accepting her as she is.\n\nMaybe it could be a good idea for you to talk to her parents directly about\nwhat is going on? Or if that is too much, maybe coming around more to make\nyourself more known? What you are experiencing is prejudice, so you are\ndefinitely not at fault at all for your sexual orientation, and neither is\nyour partner.\n\nUltimately, it is important that your partner is not being forced to do\nanything that she doesn’t want. If you would like to talk more in depth about\nthis, or would like resources to counseling for you or your partner, we are\nalways here 24/7 by phone 1-866-331-9474, by texting loveis to 22522, or by\nonline chat on our homepage.\n\nKeep staying strong! Advocate KB\n\n 32. lucky says:\n\nDecember 31, 2015 at 1:39 pm\n\nhi\n\nmy problem is very much complex. i have been in love with my girl friend for\nthree years now along the coarse of our relationship we happened to have a\nchild out of wedlock. apparently my mother hates my girl friend (from day one)\nwith passion and i dont know why we not that open to each other to talk about\nit (ie me and my mom). my girl friend tells me she hears a lot bad things my\nmom goes around telling people in our community about her and is somehow\nwearing her down. unfortunately the child we had passed away a few months ago\na very much mysterious death that left me a void that nothing in this world\ncan fill. along the way my mom have influenced the rest of my family to\ndislike my girl and at one point we had a meeting as a family where i was told\nto break off the relationship because my girl friends family is bad news. nw\nthe matter is even worse after the death of my kid my girl friends famill who\nused to love me to bits is now ordering her to end things with me since my\nfamily hates her......nw we a secretely in love but up to when....we love each\nvery much but the question we posing to each other is how is the future gonna\nbe in as much as we would like to stay together since now both families are\nagainst the relationship,,,,,,,i need strong advice please help me out dont\nwanna lose my soul mate over other peoples (families involved) opinions.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nJanuary 2, 2016 at 11:55 pm\n\nLucky,\n\nThat sounds like an incredibly stressful situation with your girlfriend and\nboth of your families. It’s definitely not ok how they are treating your\ngirlfriend and the spreading rumors and trying to force you to break up with\nher. If the two of you want to have a healthy relationship with each other,\nyour families should not be getting in the way. You always have the right to\ncut off contact with your families if you want to choose to remain in the\nrelationship but the stress of your family is causing it to suffer. It sounds\nlike they do not have very healthy boundaries and are not respecting your\nautonomy to choose your partner, which is absolutely your decision. I’m sorry\nto hear about the death of your child and how that has affected your families’\nperceptions of the relationship as well. That must have been such a difficult\nthing to experience, and should have been a time when you felt support from\nthem rather than criticism and their desire for control over your life. It\nmust have been so hurtful that they used their death in order to push their\nagenda on your relationship.\n\nIt sounds like your situation with them is very complicated, and it may be\nhelpful for you to reach out and contact us directly so that we can talk\nthrough it and help you with processing it and figuring out what the best\noptions are for yourself. We are available 24/7 by chat on our website, by\ntexting ‘loveis’ to 22522 or by calling our number 1-866-331-9474.\n\nTake care,\n\nAdvocate CC\n\n 33. MMK_48 says:\n\nJanuary 1, 2016 at 11:41 am\n\nSo me and my boyfriend have been dating for a year and a half. We met at work\nwhere he was my manager. I left that job so we could date without having an\nissue at work. I told my mom that he asked me out on a date and she freaked\nout and told me that I was not allowed to date him because he has too much\nbaggage (he was married before and was only with her because he felt bad for\nher) and he’s too old (9 years older than me. I’m almost 21 now and the only\nreason I’m living at home is because the school I was going to dropped my\nprogram so I have to wait until next fall to go back and finish my education.\nIn the meantime, I’m stuck! I’ve met all of his family and they LOVE me–we’ve\ngone out to dinner multiple times and spent time together. I’m not sure of how\nto go about telling my parents (they just decided to get divorced, so that’s\nweighing on me too) that we’re dating or that we are going to date. I went to\ncounseling for this and that wasn’t very much help. I’m thinking I just need\nto be firm and take control of the situation instead of being controlled. This\nis not a relationship out of rebellion. A close family member knows and my\nsister and her husband and they’re completely fine with it. Does anybody have\nany suggestions? I appreciate it.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nJanuary 3, 2016 at 8:25 pm\n\nHi MMK_48,\n\nThank you for sharing your situation with us! It sounds like a lot is going\non, and that you’ve already taken some great steps in finding supportive\npeople and exploring other support resources. In Keeping Your Relationship a\nSecret from your mom, it may be important to keep in mind that the information\nthat the two of you are dating may come out at some point. Being able to\nchoose how that information is shared with your mom may be helpful.\n\nFrom what you shared, it seems like your mom’s concerns may be based around\nassumptions regarding his history as well as the difference in your ages. A\ndifference in age does not mean that the relationship is inherently unhealthy,\nbut there can be some red flags of unhealthy behavior that it may be helpful\nto be aware of, some of which are addressed in this article: Ain’t Nothing but\na Number.\n\nAs the article above mentions, if you feel comfortable talking with your mom\nabout this, and you feel like that’s something that can be done in a healthy\nway, discussing her concerns, and communicating that you hear her but\nrespectfully disagree may be something to consider. You deserve to have your\nchoices respected, and ultimately, the way that you choose to move forward\nwith this is something that only you can decide.\n\nIt definitely sounds like there’s a lot to work through, and if you would like\nto talk further about options for approaching this conversation with your mom,\ncreating a plan for yourself moving forward, exploring other support options,\nor if you have any other questions or concerns, I encourage you to reach out\nto us directly! Our advocates are here 24/7 by phone (1.866.331.9474), online\nchat and text (text: loveis to 22522).\n\nTake care! Advocate GR\n\n 34. Neethu says:\n\nJanuary 3, 2016 at 8:31 am\n\nHi, I’m 27 and I found this guy from social network and we started to talk and\nshare things in detail. He is 32 doing his own Bussiness. He is from india.\nAnd I’m from malaysia. I spoke to the whole family of his. Been 10 months n v\nliked each other so finally his mom asked me to tell my parents regarding our\nrelationship and I approached and told my parents. At first my dad agreed n\nspoked to his mom and ask them to come malaysia . Before that my dad asked one\nof his friend to check on their background. It was positive about their family\nbut then he said they are not that well to do family. But actually it is a\nfault statement because he jus started his Bussiness 2 years back and manage\nto buy apartments, land and his own car. Upper middle class family. My dad\ndoesn’t believe me. I argued and for past 2 days I never eat and sleep so, my\ndad decided to call the family again for my sake cause they already booked the\ntickets and I felt bad. They came and when they are here my parents cooked\ndinner, had birthday celebration for his mom and they spoked nicely. Later, in\nthe morning my dad called up and said I don’t wish to send my daughter that\nfar. I don’t understand the boys job. And our status is different than yours\nand was so rude to them. Moreover, my partner wanted to talk personally but my\ndad never gave him a chance to talk. All my other family people liked the\nfamily very much but only dad disagree. Both of us are so in love. I know I\nwill be happy wit him n his family. Both of us couldn’t accept what really\nhappen. And I need to convince my dad and he even humiliated his family and\nthey are so sad and upset. Both of are in the situation of not giving up the\nsame time we don’t know how to convince my dad. My dad is arranging someone\nelse for me. I’m not happy. I want to live the life I wanted. What an. Suppose\nto do?\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 11:19 pm\n\nHi Neethu,\n\nWe’re so glad you found us and reached out for support for this difficult\nsituation. It takes courage to share your experiences and we’re so glad that\nyou’re part of our online community. It sounds like your dad’s choices about\nyour relationship were confusing and hurtful, for you and your partner, as\nwell as other family members. It sounds like there may be cultural differences\nthat are impacting your dad’s feelings and opinions. Your dad’s disapproval\nbecause of your partner’s income and social status sound like prejudice, and\nas the post says, that’s more about your dad than your partner. You cannot\ncontrol what your dad thinks or the choices he makes, so it may be helpful to\nthink about what you want to do.\n\nYou know your situation and family and we recognize that you’re the expert\nhere. You have the right to make your own choices in your life, including who\nyou’re with. It might be helpful to talk to family and friends you trust about\nthe situation as you figure out your next steps. Having other perspectives can\nbe especially useful in such emotionally charged situations, and may help you\nsee things you might not otherwise. It’s also important to focus on your\nsafety, physically, mentally and emotionally, during this stressful time. Our\npage on Self-Care has lots of great ideas about taking care of yourself in\ndifferent ways. Hopefully, you’ll be able to find strategies that work for\nyou.\n\nTake care!\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 35. Leilani says:\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 8:49 am\n\nHello I am in a dilemma. Have been dating my boyfriend for over a year and a\nbit now. We are extremely happy and have a very good relationship because we\nare best friends.A few weeks ago we found out I was pregnant which was a shock\nto both of us me being because I thought i couldnt get pregnant because of\nhealth reasons and him because he was not ready for this stage in his life.\nAnyway since then we have been bickering non stop which is something we never\ndo. The main problem is my boyfriend is romany gypsy and i am mixed native\namerican and Caribbean and therefore his family who is close to wanted him to\nmarry someone in the romany community. I did not know this however and had I\nknown from day 1 probably wouldnt of been with him. Now I am pregnant he is\nvery sad and confused and saying his family (aunts,uncles mainly) will disown\nhim and he will never be able to see them again because he has had a child\nwith an outsider and unmarried also with someone they have not met. I should\nbe really happy about this pregnancy but this is making it difficult. I feel\nlike its going to come down to a choice of him choosing his family over me and\nthe baby which i believe is wrong. I asked him why did he go out with me in\nthe first place if he was so into following his family wishes and he said\ntruthfully he followed his heart and is very much in love with me he has said\nhe cant let go of me but does not want to be disowned either. I am unsure what\nto do my mum and dad have agreed to meet him and possibly his family but i\nfeel theres no way round this if they are so stuck in there ways. I think its\nreally selfish and unfair if he leaves me and the baby for his family as he is\na grown adult and should take responsibility for his actions and defend me by\nstanding up and fighting for what he loves which he says is me. He has been\nconstantly crying and upset he hasnt said he wont ever see the baby or\nanything but he has said he doesnt know how he will be with me as they wont\nsupport him. i know its bad but i feel like saying to him you should pick me\nover your family because were starting our own family now and why should your\nchild be left without a father. I do not know what to say when i meet them\nbecause I am really really angry. I do not know how any mother or family can\nencourage her son to have nothing to do with his child which i feel like she\nwould do. He said if you marry an outsider in his family your family name is\ndisgraced. its really unfair because we love eachother and have a great\nrelationship but whats the point if he wont fight for me. I do not want any\nman in and out of my childs life and i do not think thats fair. Please help\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nJanuary 5, 2016 at 12:10 am\n\nHi Leilani,\n\nI’m so glad you’re part of our online community and that you’re reaching out\nabout this situation. It sounds like a lot has changed in your life and your\nrelationship in the last few weeks and I can hear how hurt, confused and angry\nyou’re feeling. The fighting between you and your partner sounds stressful; I\nalso hear that you’re talking honestly with each other about the situation and\nhow you’re both feeling. That communication takes a lot of courage, especially\nin such an intense situation. It sounds like you and your partner have found\nyourselves having to figure out how to navigate this situation with his\nfamily, both as individuals and as a couple.\n\nYou’re really thoughtful about how you’re feeling and it’s important to find\nhealthy ways to process and release your anger, both for you and the baby.\nWhen it comes to what you do, you have the right to make the choices in your\nown life and it might help to think about what all of your possible options\nare. It’s important to respect that your partner also has the right to make\nhis own choices about his life.\n\nWhen it comes to your relationship and how each of you is experiencing this\nsituation, it may be helpful to focus on understanding the conflict your\npartner is feeling, rather than trying to address his family’s beliefs.\nUnderstanding how someone feels (empathy) doesn’t mean you agree or disagree\nwith the situation, but instead focuses on what they’re experiencing. It\nsounds like he grew up with very different beliefs and traditions than you\ndid, and those differences are becoming incredibly evident with your\npregnancy. Having people outside the relationship that each of you can talk\nto, like family or friends, can be especially helpful as you process what’s\ngoing on and how you’re feeling. If you would like to talk to an advocate\nabout this further, we are available 24/7 by phone (866-331-9474), text\n‘loveis’ to 22522 or online chat. Please feel free to let your partner know\nthat he is also welcome to contact us anytime.\n\nTake care,\n\nLIR Advocate AS\n\n 36. Stella says:\n\nJanuary 5, 2016 at 2:41 am\n\nI’m in love with my ex step dad. We start seeing each other when I was under\nage. I know that was wrong, but we love each other very much. I will not be\nwith him because I know it’s wrong. He loves me very much too and would Mary\nme, but we know it’s wrong. The agony. It hurts so bad.\n\n 1. LIR-Advocate says:\n\nJanuary 5, 2016 at 5:49 pm\n\nHi Stella,\n\nThank you for reaching and sharing your story. You are the only one that can\ndecide what relationship is right for you and how you want to move forward.\nHaving a partner that your family doesn’t approve of is painful and it is\ndifficult. From what you have shared it is clear that you care about you ex-\nstep dad and he has been an important part of your life. For a relationship to\nbe healthy each partner must be treated with respect and as an equal. Having\nsomeone who is in a parental role and older than you engage in a romantic\nrelationship with you can make the power dynamics unhealthy. I want to let you\nknow about our article on age differences in relationships at this link and\nour article on relationships that must be kept secret at this link. If you\nhave any concerns about your partner respecting your boundaries and your right\nto consent to sexual activity with your ex step-dad, there is RAINN.org. If\nyou would like to talk about the dynamics of your relationship or ways that\nyou can heal and cope from the pain of this situation, I encourage you to\nreach out to an advocate. Our advocates are here 24/7 on chat, at\n1-866-331-9474, or by texting “loveis” to 22522.\n\nTake care,\n\nAdvocate LC\n\nComments are closed.\n\n## Sidebar\n\n### About\n\nThe loveisrespect blog is full of helpful information about dating and\nrelationships, as well as campaigns, awareness events, and other cool stuff\nour team is up to. Feel free to leave comments, but be sure to follow our\nCommunity Guidelines!\n\n### Post Categories\n\n * Dating & Hooking Up (103)\n * Dynamics of Abuse (66)\n * In The Media (87)\n * Inside LIR (164)\n * RespecText Newsletter (18)\n * Safety & Self Care (43)\n * Supporting Others (34)\n\n### Follow us on Twitter\n\nTweets by loveisrespect\n\n## Footer\n\n### About\n\nLoveisrespect is the ultimate resource to empower youth to prevent and end\ndating abuse. 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Users of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google\nif they hit the “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nClick to go back to top of page.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.hercampus.com:80/love/relationships/how-get-your-parents-your-boyfriend", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180112094132/http://www.hercampus.com:80/love/relationships/how-get-your-parents-your-boyfriend", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Get Your Parents to Like Your Boyfriend", "passages": [ "The Internet is full of articles about how to make a good impression when you meet your boyfriend’s parents, and you’ve probably stressed about that enough—but the inverse is an equally important issue. However, that’s no reason to stress more. At least, not now that you have our tips! We talked to relationship and etiquette experts to find out the best ways to get your parents to like your boyfriend and make him feel comfortable. Regardless of how serious your relationship is, it can never hurt to have Mom and Dad supporting it.", "No one likes to be blindsided, so it’s important that you take some time to prepare your boyfriend for the initial meeting. Jodi R. R. Smith, president of etiquette consulting firm Mannersmith and author of several etiquette books, explains that you should make sure he knows what to expect and has some ideas for what to talk about.", "“Help him win them over,” she says. “Be sure to coach your boyfriend about your parents’ quirks in advance. Good manners are a must, but having him help clear the Thanksgiving dishes is a bonus. Or have him read your father’s favorite book before the visit so they can discuss the author.” This will not only help your boyfriend win over your parents, but it will make him feel more at ease because he’ll already feel like he knows your parents before he gets there.", "Human behavior and relationship expert Patrick Wanis agrees that preparation is key. “Ultimately, you’re trying to coach the guy. Let him understand who your parents are,” he says. “Give him a couple of tips... ‘Dad’s into basketball, but he’s not into baseball,’ so that boyfriend can connect with [your] father and mother through common interests.” Having a few conversation topics to fall back on will help you all get the ball rolling and ensure that there are no awkward lulls.", "Having your parents and boyfriend connect over a common interest will get them to instantly click, or at least give a natural conversation topic to get the ball rolling.", "You want your boyfriend to know what to expect—but don’t forget that you want your parents to know what to expect, too! Psychotherapist and couples counselor Jeffrey Sumber suggests that if you haven’t done so already, you should “express how important he is when [you] bring him up to [your] parents and make sure they know this is not just a whim.” One way to do this is to send your parents “a list of 10 qualities that [you] love about him in advance and even 10 (non-intimate) things [you] have experienced together which add to [your] appreciation for him,” Sumber says.", "Wanis offers similar advice. “Talk to your parents and let them know that you really like this person, you really care about him,” he says. “Ask them to be friendly to him and to give him a chance.” The more serious and genuine you are in expressing your feelings about him to your parents, the clearer it will be to your parents that this is a relationship you are invested in, which will make them more inclined to get to know him.", "Sumber adds that a big part of preparing your family is making sure they will do their best to make your boyfriend feel accepted. “Making him feel welcome is expressing to not just parents but siblings as well how important it is that he feel comfortable and welcome in their home,” he says. “No expectations, just authentic wishes and hopes.”", "Sure, we’ve heard that opposites attract, but we all know from experience that it’s often easier to connect with people who share our values.", "The experts explain that shared values are huge when it comes to your parents liking your boyfriend. Smith advises that you “extol his virtues in advance and match his virtues with your family’s values.” For example, if your parents value education, then talk about his major and academic path. If they value philanthropy, talk about the community service he’s done on campus.", "Wanis explains that when you want your parents to like your boyfriend, “what you really mean is, ‘I want my parents to feel safe with him, feel that they can trust him and to feel that he’s going to take care of me.’” By making it clear that your boyfriend shares the same values as your family, your parents will be assured that he has a good head on his shoulders and will look after you. To borrow a phrase from Meet the Parents, you’ll bring your boyfriend into the “Circle of Trust.”", "Who doesn't love getting a gift? Your boyfriend giving your parents a little present will be an instant signal to them that he is thoughtful and caring.", "“It is important to make sure that he brings a gift to your parents if he is joining for the holidays or just a simple dinner,” Sumber says. “Some simple but well-meaning gesture goes a long way.”", "Not giving a gift isn’t a deal-breaker, but it certainly can’t hurt. It doesn't have to be something expensive or fancy; it’s just the thought that counts. Some options include flowers, chocolates, homemade baked goods or candles. You can find more gift ideas here. In addition to gifts, Wanis notes that compliments go a long way, too—and those are free!", "While a fancy dinner is often the go-to meet-the-parents move, it may be better to have your boyfriend and parents get to know each other in a more relaxed environment first.", "“If it’s possible, make it an event that isn’t a formal sit-down dinner where all focus is on him,” Wanis says. “If you’re watching a movie or a sports game, the primary focus isn’t on him and he won’t feel like he’s being interrogated or showing up to be judged.”", "The more comfortable everyone feels, the easier it will be to have a natural conversation and minimize any tension or awkwardness that you, him or your parents may feel.", "Sumber says that you can make the environment more relaxed by avoiding giving him special treatment that makes him feel like an outsider. “It can be helpful to make sure he is given the opportunity to do some small task as any family member would, from clearing the table with you or getting Dad his scotch,” Sumber says.", "The more nervous you are about the relationship between your boyfriend and your parents, the more nervous he will be. And the more nervous he is, the more likely he is to not be himself—again, à la Meet the Parents.", "So make him feel at ease by telling him how excited and happy you are. “It is helpful for the girl to express to her boyfriend, without expectation, how excited you are to have him meet your family,” Sumber says. He suggests saying something like, “I know they will see how caring and respectful you are of me because that is how I feel about you.” Affirmations like this will remove a lot of the pressure that he’s probably feeling.", "As important as first impressions are, they aren’t everything. Even if the initial meeting doesn’t go as great as you hoped, there’s always time to make up for it and continue to build a trusting, respecting relationship between your boyfriend and your parents. All in due time!", "Sammie is a student at the University of Michigan where she is pursuing a BBA. A foodie since birth, she enjoys cooking, eating, smelling, looking at, photographing, reading about, and playing with any and all types of food. Her idolization of culinary delights is complemented by her active spirit- she enjoys running, swimming, barre classes, and even spontaneous bursts of interpretative dance if the mood strikes her. She has completed two triathlons and a half-marathon and plans to tackle more races in the future. She also dreams of traveling the globe, saving the world, and marrying James and/or Dave Franco.", "Are you an aspiring journalist or just looking for an outlet where you can share your voice? 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Cuba\n\n * Campus Activism\n\n * Our Bodies, Our Rules\n\n * Get Involved\n\n * Write for Her Campus\n * Start or join your college's chapter\n * Join the InfluenceHer Collective\n * Become a Her Campus High School Ambassador!\n * College Fashion Week®\n * Her Campus Tour\n * Her ConferenceTM\n * Her ConferenceTM: High School\n * Intern at Her Campus\n * Careers at Her Campus Media\n * Shop HC merchandise\n * Shop\n\n# How to Get Your Parents to Like Your Boyfriend\n\nBy Sammie Levin in Relationships\n\nPosted Nov 22 2014 - 02:00pm\n\nTagged\n\n * parents\n * boyfriends\n * serious relationships\n\nShare this article\n\nThe Internet is full of articles about how to make a good impression when you\nmeet your boyfriend’s parents, and you’ve probably stressed about that\nenough—but the inverse is an equally important issue. However, that’s no\nreason to stress more. At least, not now that you have our tips! We talked to\nrelationship and etiquette experts to find out the best ways to get your\nparents to like your boyfriend and make him feel comfortable. Regardless of\nhow serious your relationship is, it can never hurt to have Mom and Dad\nsupporting it.\n\nPrepare Him in Advance\n\nNo one likes to be blindsided, so it’s important that you take some time to\nprepare your boyfriend for the initial meeting. Jodi R. R. Smith, president of\netiquette consulting firm Mannersmith and author of several etiquette books,\nexplains that you should make sure he knows what to expect and has some ideas\nfor what to talk about.\n\n“Help him win them over,” she says. “Be sure to coach your boyfriend about\nyour parents’ quirks in advance. Good manners are a must, but having him help\nclear the Thanksgiving dishes is a bonus. Or have him read your father’s\nfavorite book before the visit so they can discuss the author.” This will not\nonly help your boyfriend win over your parents, but it will make him feel more\nat ease because he’ll already feel like he knows your parents before he gets\nthere.\n\nHuman behavior and relationship expert Patrick Wanis agrees that preparation\nis key. “Ultimately, you’re trying to coach the guy. Let him understand who\nyour parents are,” he says. “Give him a couple of tips... ‘Dad’s into\nbasketball, but he’s not into baseball,’ so that boyfriend can connect with\n[your] father and mother through common interests.” Having a few conversation\ntopics to fall back on will help you all get the ball rolling and ensure that\nthere are no awkward lulls.\n\nHaving your parents and boyfriend connect over a common interest will get them\nto instantly click, or at least give a natural conversation topic to get the\nball rolling.\n\nPrepare Your Parents in Advance\n\nYou want your boyfriend to know what to expect—but don’t forget that you want\nyour parents to know what to expect, too! Psychotherapist and couples\ncounselor Jeffrey Sumber suggests that if you haven’t done so already, you\nshould “express how important he is when [you] bring him up to [your] parents\nand make sure they know this is not just a whim.” One way to do this is to\nsend your parents “a list of 10 qualities that [you] love about him in advance\nand even 10 (non-intimate) things [you] have experienced together which add to\n[your] appreciation for him,” Sumber says.\n\nWanis offers similar advice. “Talk to your parents and let them know that you\nreally like this person, you really care about him,” he says. “Ask them to be\nfriendly to him and to give him a chance.” The more serious and genuine you\nare in expressing your feelings about him to your parents, the clearer it will\nbe to your parents that this is a relationship you are invested in, which will\nmake them more inclined to get to know him.\n\nSumber adds that a big part of preparing your family is making sure they will\ndo their best to make your boyfriend feel accepted. “Making him feel welcome\nis expressing to not just parents but siblings as well how important it is\nthat he feel comfortable and welcome in their home,” he says. “No\nexpectations, just authentic wishes and hopes.”\n\nFind Common Interests and Values\n\nSure, we’ve heard that opposites attract, but we all know from experience that\nit’s often easier to connect with people who share our values.\n\nThe experts explain that shared values are huge when it comes to your parents\nliking your boyfriend. Smith advises that you “extol his virtues in advance\nand match his virtues with your family’s values.” For example, if your parents\nvalue education, then talk about his major and academic path. If they value\nphilanthropy, talk about the community service he’s done on campus.\n\nWanis explains that when you want your parents to like your boyfriend, “what\nyou really mean is, ‘I want my parents to feel safe with him, feel that they\ncan trust him and to feel that he’s going to take care of me.’” By making it\nclear that your boyfriend shares the same values as your family, your parents\nwill be assured that he has a good head on his shoulders and will look after\nyou. To borrow a phrase from Meet the Parents, you’ll bring your boyfriend\ninto the “Circle of Trust.”\n\nHave Him Bring a Gift\n\nWho doesn't love getting a gift? Your boyfriend giving your parents a little\npresent will be an instant signal to them that he is thoughtful and caring.\n\n“It is important to make sure that he brings a gift to your parents if he is\njoining for the holidays or just a simple dinner,” Sumber says. “Some simple\nbut well-meaning gesture goes a long way.”\n\nNot giving a gift isn’t a deal-breaker, but it certainly can’t hurt. It\ndoesn't have to be something expensive or fancy; it’s just the thought that\ncounts. Some options include flowers, chocolates, homemade baked goods or\ncandles. You can find more gift ideas here. In addition to gifts, Wanis notes\nthat compliments go a long way, too—and those are free!\n\nMake it a Relaxed Atmosphere\n\nWhile a fancy dinner is often the go-to meet-the-parents move, it may be\nbetter to have your boyfriend and parents get to know each other in a more\nrelaxed environment first.\n\n“If it’s possible, make it an event that isn’t a formal sit-down dinner where\nall focus is on him,” Wanis says. “If you’re watching a movie or a sports\ngame, the primary focus isn’t on him and he won’t feel like he’s being\ninterrogated or showing up to be judged.”\n\nThe more comfortable everyone feels, the easier it will be to have a natural\nconversation and minimize any tension or awkwardness that you, him or your\nparents may feel.\n\nSumber says that you can make the environment more relaxed by avoiding giving\nhim special treatment that makes him feel like an outsider. “It can be helpful\nto make sure he is given the opportunity to do some small task as any family\nmember would, from clearing the table with you or getting Dad his scotch,”\nSumber says.\n\nOvercome Your Nerves and Get Excited!\n\nThe more nervous you are about the relationship between your boyfriend and\nyour parents, the more nervous he will be. And the more nervous he is, the\nmore likely he is to not be himself—again, à la Meet the Parents.\n\nSo make him feel at ease by telling him how excited and happy you are. “It is\nhelpful for the girl to express to her boyfriend, without expectation, how\nexcited you are to have him meet your family,” Sumber says. He suggests saying\nsomething like, “I know they will see how caring and respectful you are of me\nbecause that is how I feel about you.” Affirmations like this will remove a\nlot of the pressure that he’s probably feeling.\n\nAs important as first impressions are, they aren’t everything. Even if the\ninitial meeting doesn’t go as great as you hoped, there’s always time to make\nup for it and continue to build a trusting, respecting relationship between\nyour boyfriend and your parents. All in due time!\n\n## You Might Also Enjoy\n\n * ### What to Do if Your Parents Are More Obsessed with Getting Into College Than You Are\n\n * High School\n\n * ### How to Discuss Your Sexual Health with Your Parents\n\n * Sexual Health\n\n * ### 5 Ways You Approach Relationships Differently When Your Parents Are Divorced\n\n * Relationships\n\n * ### What to Do When Your Parents Are Too Involved in the College Process\n\n * High School\n\n * ### When Should You Introduce Your SO to Your Parents?\n\n * Relationships\n\n * ### 5 Signs He Loves You (Even if He’s Not Saying It)\n\n * Relationships\n\n## College is hard. We make it easier!\n\nSign up for our newsletter to get the best of HC delivered to your inbox.\n\n## About The Author\n\nSammie Levin\n\nSammie is a student at the University of Michigan where she is pursuing a BBA.\nA foodie since birth, she enjoys cooking, eating, smelling, looking at,\nphotographing, reading about, and playing with any and all types of food. Her\nidolization of culinary delights is complemented by her active spirit- she\nenjoys running, swimming, barre classes, and even spontaneous bursts of\ninterpretative dance if the mood strikes her. She has completed two triathlons\nand a half-marathon and plans to tackle more races in the future. She also\ndreams of traveling the globe, saving the world, and marrying James and/or\nDave Franco.\n\n## Editor's Note\n\nAre you an aspiring journalist or just looking for an outlet where you can\nshare your voice? Apply to write for Her Campus!\n\n## Most Read on Her Campus\n\n * ### 9 Ways to Show Someone You Love Them Without Saying It\n\n * Relationships\n\n * ### 3 Little Things You Should Stop Doing For a Healthier Relationship\n\n * Relationships\n\n * ### I Tried a 7-Day Cleanse from the Victoria’s Secret Angels’ Nutritionist\n\n * Food\n\n * ### Someone Found A Way To Make Edible Tide Pods Because The Temptation Was Way Too Strong\n\n * News\n\n * ### This Is the Reason Kylie Jenner Has Kept Her Reported Pregnancy So Quiet\n\n * Entertainment\n\n## User login\n\n401 Park Drive / Suite 807 / Boston, MA 02215 / [email protected]\n\nCopyright © 2009-2018 Her Campus Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.loveisrespect.org/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210722132635/https://www.loveisrespect.org/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Healthy relationships for young adults", "passages": [ "You can quickly leave this website by clicking the “X” in the top right or by pressing the Escape key twice.", "Your browser history can be monitored without your knowledge and it can never be wiped completely. Think your internet use might be monitored? Call us at 1.866.331.9474.", "You can quickly leave this website at any time by clicking the “X” in the top right or by pressing the Escape key twice.", "This project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0459 from the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.", "This Web site is funded through Grant 2020-V3-GX-0135 from the Office for Victims of Crime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the U.S. Department of Justice nor any of its components operate, control, are responsible for, or necessarily endorse, this Web site (including, without limitation, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any services or tools provided." ] }, "parsed_md": "Healthy relationships for young adults | love is respect\n\nlove is respect\n\n## Menu\n\nexit\n\n### Leave this site safely\n\nYou can quickly leave this website by clicking the “X” in the top right or by\npressing the Escape key twice.\n\nTo browse this site safely, be sure to regularly clear your browser history.\n\nGot it\n\n## Heads up!\n\nYour browser history can be monitored without your knowledge and it can never\nbe wiped completely. Think your internet use might be monitored? Call us at\n1.866.331.9474.\n\nLearn more about staying safe online and remember to clear your history after\nvisiting this website.\n\nYou can quickly leave this website at any time by clicking the “X” in the top\nright or by pressing the Escape key twice.\n\nOK\n\n# love is more than just the way you feel.\n\n## Have questions about your relationship?\n\nOr not sure what a relationship is?\n\n### LGBTQ+ relationships and dating violence\n\n### When your family doesn’t approve of your partner\n\n### Ending unhealthy relationships\n\n### Do relationships really take “work”?\n\na blinking eye icon\n\n## Love is confusing. We're here to help.\n\n * About dating\n * Healthy relationships\n * Personal safety\n * Supporting others\n * Get help\n\n#### Contact\n\nlove is respect PO Box 90249 Austin, Texas 78709 Administrative Line:\n737-225-3150\n\n#### Follow\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Youtube\n\n© National Domestic Violence Hotline\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\nMade with by creatives with a conscience\n\nThis project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0459 from the Administration on\nChildren, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions\nand recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s)\nand do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children,\nYouth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of\nHealth and Human Services.\n\nExempted from federal income tax under the provisions of Section 501(c) (3) of\nthe Internal Revenue Code.\n\nThis Web site is funded through Grant 2020-V3-GX-0135 from the Office for\nVictims of Crime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice.\nNeither the U.S. Department of Justice nor any of its components operate,\ncontrol, are responsible for, or necessarily endorse, this Web site\n(including, without limitation, its content, technical infrastructure, and\npolicies, and any services or tools provided.\n\nPresenting sponsor\n\n * Call 1.866.331.9474\n * Chat live now\n * Text: LOVEIS to 22522\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/christine-hassler/my-parents-or-my-boyfrien_b_241684.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170903035202/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/christine-hassler/my-parents-or-my-boyfrien_b_241684.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "My Parents Or My Boyfriend?", "passages": [ "Dear Christine, My parents do not approve of my boyfriend but I love him and we are happy together. They keep telling me that I can do better and are not very welcoming. This is causing me a lot of stress and tension because I am really close to my parents. What do I do? -\"Torn between him and them,\" 25, Michigan", "Dear \"Torn,\" As part of a generation raised by \"helicopter parents,\" I'm guessing Mom and Dad have been very involved in every aspect of your life and have an opinion about everything you do - including whom you date. And if you are like most twenty-somethings, their approval means a great deal to you...but so does your current \"McDreamy,\" so what's a girl to do?", "First of all, it's important to discern whether your parents are expressing reasonable concern or judgment based on their own biases. What's the difference? Well, reasonable parental concern would be around issues that would create a sensational plot line for a Lifetime movie. For example: he's a drug addict, alcoholic, abusive, womanizer, extremely emotionally unstable, too old for you, liar, moocher, or has a criminal record. If your guy demonstrates or even shows signs of any of these types of things, perhaps your parents have a point. Time to take off the rose-colored glasses and dump the \"bad boy\" or \"project.\"", "On the other hand, if your parents are expressing feelings based on their judgments of him, meaning they just don't like him as a matter of taste or opinion, that is a different story. But you don't have to choose him or them - there are ways to deal with Mom and Dad's judgments. It's critical that you stop playing defense. I am sure they have reasons that make perfect sense to them about why he's not the right guy for you and you're not going to be able to change their minds. As hard as it may be, I encourage you to suck it up and hear them out without defending him or your relationship. Just say, \"I hear you and understand you only want the best for me, but I have to decide for myself what is best for me.\" As soon as your parents see they are not getting a reaction out of you, they may start to back off.", "After they wear themselves out a bit, approach them with an invitation to get to know your guy a little better. Tread lightly here. Consider saying something along the lines of, \"Mom and Dad, I understand how you feel about my boyfriend but I don't want this to drive a wedge between us. It would really mean a lot to me if we could all spend some time together so you can get to know him.\" Have the meeting on your turf so both you and your boyfriend feel comfortable. In the meantime, try not to let this situation consume you as it will get in the way of enjoying your individual time with your boyfriend or your parents. Make the subject off limits during one-on-one time with either of them.", "Your parents' opinion may change, but it may not and you will have to face that reality. Do your best to open their hearts and their minds, but in the end it's you who has to love him, not them. And you can't live your life consistently seeking your parents' approval if you ever want to truly grow up. That said, keep in mind that sometimes our parents see red flags that we don't, especially in the first year of a relationship where infatuation can be blinding. Be open to the possibility that your parents may have a point, even if their delivery of it is harsh. Only you know how and if the relationship is truly serving you. Don't stay in it to prove them wrong and don't jump too soon to gain their approval. -Christine" ] }, "parsed_md": "My Parents Or My Boyfriend? | HuffPost\n\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\nyou.\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\nTHE BLOG\n\n08/21/2009 05:12 am ET Updated Nov 17, 2011\n\n# My Parents Or My Boyfriend?\n\nBy Christine Hassler\n\nDear Christine, My parents do not approve of my boyfriend but I love him and\nwe are happy together. They keep telling me that I can do better and are not\nvery welcoming. This is causing me a lot of stress and tension because I am\nreally close to my parents. What do I do? -\"Torn between him and them,\" 25,\nMichigan\n\nDear \"Torn,\" As part of a generation raised by \"helicopter parents,\" I'm\nguessing Mom and Dad have been very involved in every aspect of your life and\nhave an opinion about everything you do - including whom you date. And if you\nare like most twenty-somethings, their approval means a great deal to\nyou...but so does your current \"McDreamy,\" so what's a girl to do?\n\nFirst of all, it's important to discern whether your parents are expressing\nreasonable concern or judgment based on their own biases. What's the\ndifference? Well, reasonable parental concern would be around issues that\nwould create a sensational plot line for a Lifetime movie. For example: he's a\ndrug addict, alcoholic, abusive, womanizer, extremely emotionally unstable,\ntoo old for you, liar, moocher, or has a criminal record. If your guy\ndemonstrates or even shows signs of any of these types of things, perhaps your\nparents have a point. Time to take off the rose-colored glasses and dump the\n\"bad boy\" or \"project.\"\n\nOn the other hand, if your parents are expressing feelings based on their\njudgments of him, meaning they just don't like him as a matter of taste or\nopinion, that is a different story. But you don't have to choose him or them -\nthere are ways to deal with Mom and Dad's judgments. It's critical that you\nstop playing defense. I am sure they have reasons that make perfect sense to\nthem about why he's not the right guy for you and you're not going to be able\nto change their minds. As hard as it may be, I encourage you to suck it up and\nhear them out without defending him or your relationship. Just say, \"I hear\nyou and understand you only want the best for me, but I have to decide for\nmyself what is best for me.\" As soon as your parents see they are not getting\na reaction out of you, they may start to back off.\n\nAfter they wear themselves out a bit, approach them with an invitation to get\nto know your guy a little better. Tread lightly here. Consider saying\nsomething along the lines of, \"Mom and Dad, I understand how you feel about my\nboyfriend but I don't want this to drive a wedge between us. It would really\nmean a lot to me if we could all spend some time together so you can get to\nknow him.\" Have the meeting on your turf so both you and your boyfriend feel\ncomfortable. In the meantime, try not to let this situation consume you as it\nwill get in the way of enjoying your individual time with your boyfriend or\nyour parents. Make the subject off limits during one-on-one time with either\nof them.\n\nYour parents' opinion may change, but it may not and you will have to face\nthat reality. Do your best to open their hearts and their minds, but in the\nend it's you who has to love him, not them. And you can't live your life\nconsistently seeking your parents' approval if you ever want to truly grow up.\nThat said, keep in mind that sometimes our parents see red flags that we\ndon't, especially in the first year of a relationship where infatuation can be\nblinding. Be open to the possibility that your parents may have a point, even\nif their delivery of it is harsh. Only you know how and if the relationship is\ntruly serving you. Don't stay in it to prove them wrong and don't jump too\nsoon to gain their approval. -Christine\n\nSend your questions to christineAThuffingtonpost.com.\n\nDownload\n\nFollow Christine Hassler on Twitter: www.twitter.com/Christinhassler\n\nChristine Hassler Life coach, professional speaker, author and Gen Y expert\n\n## MORE:\n\nTwenty Something Advice The Balanced Life Relationships Communication Dating\n\nThis Blogger's Books and Other Items from...\n\nExpectation Hangover: Overcoming Disappointment in Work, Love, and Life\n\nby Christine Hassler\n\n20 Something Manifesto: Quarter-Lifers Speak Out About Who They Are, What They\nWant, and How to Get It\n\nby Christine Hassler\n\nMy Parents Or My Boyfriend?\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * Careers\n * Archive\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n\n©2017 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost Lifestyle\n\n * Arabi\n * Australia\n * Brasil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Greece\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * Japan\n * Korea\n * Maghreb\n * México\n * Québec\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n * South Africa\n\nClose\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://stayteen.org:80/sex-ed/article/how-get-your-parents-understand", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180821222542/http://stayteen.org:80/sex-ed/article/how-get-your-parents-understand", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Get Your Parents to Understand", "passages": [ "You may think your parents are lame or don’t understand you, but surprisingly, the majority of teens say that their parents’ opinion of their boyfriend or girlfriend means a lot to them. In fact, some would go so far as to say they wouldn’t date someone their parents didn’t like. But what if you’ve met an amazing guy or girl who you’re totally into and then the “meet the parents moment” is a total bust? Is it possible to change their minds?", "Maybe, but it’ll take some work on your part. If your parents have concerns about your boyfriend or girlfriend, it’s best to hear them out rather than dismissing them as lame or overprotective. Maybe the problem is truly just a misunderstanding. They thought he or she was rude and unfriendly, but you know that they’re just painfully shy and were super nervous about meeting your parents. Tell your parents why you like this person so much, what their best qualities are. It also wouldn’t hurt to throw in some of the thoughtful things they do for you.", "It also helps to get them in the same room together on a regular basis. Start hanging out at your house more frequently, invite your boyfriend or girlfriend to come for dinner or to your little brother’s baseball game. The more your parents see the two of you interacting together in low pressure situations, the more apt they are to come around. Plus, if your sweetie is willing to spend time with the fam, that’s gotta earn them some points.", "If you’ve tried all of these tactics and your parents still don’t approve of your boyfriend or girlfriend, you may need to take an honest look at why that is. Sometimes when we’re in a relationship, we’ve got the love blinders on, which can make it hard to see things for what they are. Your parents may think he or she treats you badly or is too controlling. Is this true? It may be hard to believe but your parents really do have your best interests at heart. Ask yourself these questions:", "Funding for this project was provided by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Grant Number: 90-FE-0024. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families.", "Sex isn't always easy to talk about. But having honest conversations with your partner, parents, or health care provider is an important step—whether you're doing it, not doing it, saying no to it, or figuring out if you’re ready for it. Ask us anything about talking about sex!", "Make a difference just by telling us what you love and how we can improve. This survey will only take a few minutes. Thank you for being a part of what we do." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Get Your Parents to Understand | Stay Teen\n\nMenu\n\nFind a Health Center\n\n### Search Sex Ed by Topic\n\nshow topics\n\nhide topics\n\nBirth Control Explorer\n\nSex\n\nMyths vs. Facts\n\nAbstinence\n\nAdvice\n\nRelationships\n\nSTIs\n\nMedia\n\n## You are here\n\nHome » Sex Ed » How to Get Your Parents to Understand\n\n# How to Get Your Parents to Understand\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n\nShares · 0\n\n## You are here\n\nHome » Sex Ed » How to Get Your Parents to Understand\n\nYou may think your parents are lame or don’t understand you, but surprisingly,\nthe majority of teens say that their parents’ opinion of their boyfriend or\ngirlfriend means a lot to them. In fact, some would go so far as to say they\nwouldn’t date someone their parents didn’t like. But what if you’ve met an\namazing guy or girl who you’re totally into and then the “meet the parents\nmoment” is a total bust? Is it possible to change their minds?\n\nMaybe, but it’ll take some work on your part. If your parents have concerns\nabout your boyfriend or girlfriend, it’s best to hear them out rather than\ndismissing them as lame or overprotective. Maybe the problem is truly just a\nmisunderstanding. They thought he or she was rude and unfriendly, but you know\nthat they’re just painfully shy and were super nervous about meeting your\nparents. Tell your parents why you like this person so much, what their best\nqualities are. It also wouldn’t hurt to throw in some of the thoughtful things\nthey do for you.\n\nIt also helps to get them in the same room together on a regular basis. Start\nhanging out at your house more frequently, invite your boyfriend or girlfriend\nto come for dinner or to your little brother’s baseball game. The more your\nparents see the two of you interacting together in low pressure situations,\nthe more apt they are to come around. Plus, if your sweetie is willing to\nspend time with the fam, that’s gotta earn them some points.\n\nIf you’ve tried all of these tactics and your parents still don’t approve of\nyour boyfriend or girlfriend, you may need to take an honest look at why that\nis. Sometimes when we’re in a relationship, we’ve got the love blinders on,\nwhich can make it hard to see things for what they are. Your parents may think\nhe or she treats you badly or is too controlling. Is this true? It may be hard\nto believe but your parents really do have your best interests at heart. Ask\nyourself these questions:\n\n * Does my boyfriend/girlfriend get upset with me if I can’t hang out all the time?\n * Are my friends mad at me because I never see them anymore?\n * Does my boyfriend/girlfriend put me down or make me feel bad about myself?\n\nIf you answered yes to any of these questions, your parents might just be on\nto something.\n\nFunding for this project was provided by the United States Department of\nHealth and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Grant\nNumber: 90-FE-0024. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations\nexpressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily\nreflect the views of the United States Department of Health and Human\nServices, Administration for Children and Families.\n\nTags: Dating, Parents\n\nAuthor: Michelle H.\n\n## Related Content\n\narticle\n\n#TalkingIsPower: Leah's Story\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\narticle\n\nHow to Tell if Your Much Older Boo is Right for You\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\nseries\n\nCan I Get Pregnant If...\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\nquiz\n\nWhat's Your Relationship Style?\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\narticle\n\n4 Things Every LGBTQ Teen Needs to Know\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\nquiz\n\nWill Your High School Relationship Survive College?\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\narticle\n\nWhen a Friend Ditches You For Their SO\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\nquiz\n\nRelationship Checkup! How Healthy is Your Relationship?\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\nseries\n\nTalk About Sex\n\nSex isn't always easy to talk about. But having honest conversations with your\npartner, parents, or health care provider is an important step—whether you're\ndoing it, not doing it, saying no to it, or figuring out if you’re ready for\nit. Ask us anything about talking about sex!\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\nquiz\n\nShould You Make it Official?\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\nseries\n\nLong Distance Relationships\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\nquiz\n\nWhich Celebrity Couple Are You?\n\nShares · 0\n\nComments · 0\n\n * See More\n\n© 2018 Power To Decide. A 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. Federal\nIdentification Number (EIN): 52-1974611.\n\n∧\n\nMake a difference just by telling us what you love and how we can improve.\nThis survey will only take a few minutes. Thank you for being a part of what\nwe do.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://psychcentral.com/lib/when-your-parents-disapprove-of-your-partner", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210306085156/https://psychcentral.com/lib/when-your-parents-disapprove-of-your-partner", "parsed_text": { "title": "When Your Parents Disapprove of Your Partner", "passages": [ "It’s a problem that is probably as old as time. Adult children don’t always choose the mate their parents want for them. Shakespeare immortalized it in Romeo and Juliet. A central theme in the Broadway musical, Fiddler on the Roof, and the current TV drama, Downton Abbey, is the struggle of the parent generation to accept their adult kids’ choices. For all I know, a Neanderthal woman had a fight with her dad about her choice of her Cro-Magnon guy. (“But Daddy: He’s real smart and he’s so tall!”) But however timeless and universal the theme may be, when it comes home, it’s painful. Here are only a few examples from our “Ask the Therapist” service:", "“I’m caught between my mother and my wife,” says a 25-year-old man in Boston. –“ My Chinese mother expects my wife to obey her and wait on her when she visits, just as she did for her mother-in-law. My American wife works all day and doesn’t see why my mother can’t start dinner or help out when she visits. My mother constantly complains. My wife cries. What do I do?”", "A young man in Florida writes: “My wife is Latina and I’m white. My father goes on and on about illegal immigration whenever we visit. My mother can’t shut him up. My wife tries to smile through it. We fight when we get home because she says I should stop him but I know nothing I can say is going to change him. Help!”", "“My boyfriend and I want to marry but we’re from different ethnic groups and we know our parents will never agree. We’ve been secretly seeing each other for 4 years now.” –- from a young woman in Serbia.", "Bridging the divide is important. If you and the person you love aren’t clear about your commitment and the compromises you are willing to make to be together, the constant disapproval, whether stated or seething under the surface, can undermine your relationship. The child of the disapproving parents is caught in a terrible bind. Listening to and responding to either side makes the other feel abandoned, unloved or disrespected. The partner who is the focus of dislike may feel constantly under pressure to prove her or himself to be worthy. If unrewarded, the efforts can soon turn to resentment and anger that spills into the relationship.", "Fortunately, there are less drastic solutions than the romantic death scene in Romeo and Juliet. Like Tevye in Fiddler or Robert in Downton Abbey, there are parents who eventually accept their adult children’s choices and even give their blessing. But it takes work and willingness. It doesn’t happen by magic or by argument.", "Don’t meet criticism with criticism.Your parents’ values, traditions, and feelings have helped make you who you are. They have been the guiding light for perhaps generations and have been central to your family’s identity. Putting down your family history isn’t honest or helpful.Do be compassionate. The older generation clings to their attitudes and opinions because it helps them feel safe in a changing world. Their intentions are probably good. Find ways to reassure your family of origin that you appreciate and honor your past while you are also becoming part of the global community that includes people from other walks of life.", "Don’t meet parental disapproval with defensiveness and argument.Defensiveness implies that there is something to defend. Arguing implies you can be argued out of it.Do respond to their concerns with respect and clarity. Acknowledge that a cross-cultural marriage is going to be difficult. Express your sadness that they feel the way they do. Affirm your love for them and your general respect for their opinions but be clear that you have made your decision. Quiet certainly is far more effective than angry words.", "Don’t keep your relationship a secret.Keeping it secret suggests you are ashamed of your choice. Someone will inevitably find out, which will make everyone else in the family angry and upset with you both.Do make sure both of you agree about compromises in order to be together. Make sure you are sure. There is no point in confronting your parents with something that isn’t going to last.", "Don’t use your partnerto make a political point, to educate your parents, or to give yourself an ally. It’s not fair to the person who loves you to be used as a pawn in an ongoing fight you are having with your parents about such things as religion, race, or status. It may feel good to have a supporter in the battle but “us against them” isn’t enough of a basis for a lasting relationship.Do be clear about your own motives. Make sure you love the person for who he or she is in their entirety, not because you like the drama of choosing someone who has a significantly different family background.", "Don’t take a side – your lover’s or your mother’s. This isn’t about winning and losing. It’s about reconstructing everyone’s idea of family.Do your best to negotiate compromises, understanding, or at least respectful disagreement. When you have to turn down someone’s demands or requests, be clear that it doesn’t mean that you don’t love them. It means that it doesn’t fit with the kind of family you want to make.", "As our world becomes smaller through social media and increased ease of travel, more and more people are finding themselves in love with someone their parents never considered as a suitable mate. It’s hard on everyone. If people dig in their heels, the consequences can be terribly hurtful and long-lasting.", "Bend when you can, just because it’s easier for the younger generation to bend a bit as people get to know each other. However, the painful bottom line is this: If your parents persist in not accepting the situation, your first loyalty is to your partner. This is the person you have chosen to make a life with. Even if your parents threaten never to see you again, to treat you as dead, or to cut you out of the will, loving your partner means living with those consequences. If you’re not prepared to do that, it’s only fair to your partner and to yourself to end the relationship.", "Hopefully, it won’t come to that. Parents usually don’t want to lose you any more than you want to lose them. Hopefully, when your parents see that you are committed to the person you love and the life you have chosen, they, like Tevye in Fiddler and Robert in Downton, will come around.", "You mean well, you really do. But how do you express your support the right way when someone your close to has depression?", "Inside Mental Health is an award-winning weekly podcast that approaches psychology and mental health in an accessible way. Listen as our host Gabe...", "If you have symptoms on mania and depression at the same time, you might have bipolar disorder with mixed features. Learn more here.", "Marriage counseling can help build a stronger, more satisfying partnership. Here are our top picks for online marriage counseling services.", "Asperger’s syndrome refers to a mild form of autism. Doctors no longer use it as a diagnosis, but many people still self-identify with the label...", "Curious about how bipolar disorder is diagnosed? We talk about diagnostic tests, symptoms, and tips for talking with your doctor.", "At PsychCentral, we are committed to listening, engaging and amplifying diverse voices to ensure that all people and perspectives are represented in...", "© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.", "© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information." ] }, "parsed_md": "When Your Parents Disapprove of Your Partner\n\n# When Your Parents Disapprove of Your Partner\n\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by Marie Hartwell-\nWalker, EdD on May 17, 2016\n\nIt’s a problem that is probably as old as time. Adult children don’t always\nchoose the mate their parents want for them. Shakespeare immortalized it in\nRomeo and Juliet. A central theme in the Broadway musical, Fiddler on the\nRoof, and the current TV drama, Downton Abbey, is the struggle of the parent\ngeneration to accept their adult kids’ choices. For all I know, a Neanderthal\nwoman had a fight with her dad about her choice of her Cro-Magnon guy. (“But\nDaddy: He’s real smart and he’s so tall!”) But however timeless and universal\nthe theme may be, when it comes home, it’s painful. Here are only a few\nexamples from our “Ask the Therapist” service:\n\n> “I’m caught between my mother and my wife,” says a 25-year-old man in\n> Boston. –“ My Chinese mother expects my wife to obey her and wait on her\n> when she visits, just as she did for her mother-in-law. My American wife\n> works all day and doesn’t see why my mother can’t start dinner or help out\n> when she visits. My mother constantly complains. My wife cries. What do I\n> do?”\n>\n> A young man in Florida writes: “My wife is Latina and I’m white. My father\n> goes on and on about illegal immigration whenever we visit. My mother can’t\n> shut him up. My wife tries to smile through it. We fight when we get home\n> because she says I should stop him but I know nothing I can say is going to\n> change him. Help!”\n>\n> “My boyfriend and I want to marry but we’re from different ethnic groups and\n> we know our parents will never agree. We’ve been secretly seeing each other\n> for 4 years now.” –- from a young woman in Serbia.\n\nLike the writers of these letters, you’re in love. Like them, you want your\nparents to love and admire the person you’ve chosen. Instead, they can’t see\npast their own traditions, values, or prejudices. They don’t see your\nsweetheart or spouse for the wonderful person he or she is. All they see is\nsomething Wrong – with a capital W. You feel caught between them. You love\nand, yes, respect your parents but you also love and admire your partner.\n\nBridging the divide is important. If you and the person you love aren’t clear\nabout your commitment and the compromises you are willing to make to be\ntogether, the constant disapproval, whether stated or seething under the\nsurface, can undermine your relationship. The child of the disapproving\nparents is caught in a terrible bind. Listening to and responding to either\nside makes the other feel abandoned, unloved or disrespected. The partner who\nis the focus of dislike may feel constantly under pressure to prove her or\nhimself to be worthy. If unrewarded, the efforts can soon turn to resentment\nand anger that spills into the relationship.\n\nFortunately, there are less drastic solutions than the romantic death scene in\nRomeo and Juliet. Like Tevye in Fiddler or Robert in Downton Abbey, there are\nparents who eventually accept their adult children’s choices and even give\ntheir blessing. But it takes work and willingness. It doesn’t happen by magic\nor by argument.\n\nDon’ts and Dos for closing the gap:\n\n 1. Don’t meet criticism with criticism.Your parents’ values, traditions, and feelings have helped make you who you are. They have been the guiding light for perhaps generations and have been central to your family’s identity. Putting down your family history isn’t honest or helpful.Do be compassionate. The older generation clings to their attitudes and opinions because it helps them feel safe in a changing world. Their intentions are probably good. Find ways to reassure your family of origin that you appreciate and honor your past while you are also becoming part of the global community that includes people from other walks of life.\n 2. Don’t meet parental disapproval with defensiveness and argument.Defensiveness implies that there is something to defend. Arguing implies you can be argued out of it.Do respond to their concerns with respect and clarity. Acknowledge that a cross-cultural marriage is going to be difficult. Express your sadness that they feel the way they do. Affirm your love for them and your general respect for their opinions but be clear that you have made your decision. Quiet certainly is far more effective than angry words.\n 3. Don’t keep your relationship a secret.Keeping it secret suggests you are ashamed of your choice. Someone will inevitably find out, which will make everyone else in the family angry and upset with you both.Do make sure both of you agree about compromises in order to be together. Make sure you are sure. There is no point in confronting your parents with something that isn’t going to last.\n 4. Don’t use your partnerto make a political point, to educate your parents, or to give yourself an ally. It’s not fair to the person who loves you to be used as a pawn in an ongoing fight you are having with your parents about such things as religion, race, or status. It may feel good to have a supporter in the battle but “us against them” isn’t enough of a basis for a lasting relationship.Do be clear about your own motives. Make sure you love the person for who he or she is in their entirety, not because you like the drama of choosing someone who has a significantly different family background.\n 5. Don’t take a side – your lover’s or your mother’s. This isn’t about winning and losing. It’s about reconstructing everyone’s idea of family.Do your best to negotiate compromises, understanding, or at least respectful disagreement. When you have to turn down someone’s demands or requests, be clear that it doesn’t mean that you don’t love them. It means that it doesn’t fit with the kind of family you want to make.\n\nAs our world becomes smaller through social media and increased ease of\ntravel, more and more people are finding themselves in love with someone their\nparents never considered as a suitable mate. It’s hard on everyone. If people\ndig in their heels, the consequences can be terribly hurtful and long-lasting.\n\nBend when you can, just because it’s easier for the younger generation to bend\na bit as people get to know each other. However, the painful bottom line is\nthis: If your parents persist in not accepting the situation, your first\nloyalty is to your partner. This is the person you have chosen to make a life\nwith. Even if your parents threaten never to see you again, to treat you as\ndead, or to cut you out of the will, loving your partner means living with\nthose consequences. If you’re not prepared to do that, it’s only fair to your\npartner and to yourself to end the relationship.\n\nHopefully, it won’t come to that. Parents usually don’t want to lose you any\nmore than you want to lose them. Hopefully, when your parents see that you are\ncommitted to the person you love and the life you have chosen, they, like\nTevye in Fiddler and Robert in Downton, will come around.\n\nLast medically reviewed on May 17, 2016\n\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by Marie Hartwell-\nWalker, EdD on May 17, 2016\n\n## RELATED\n\n * 20 Things to Say (and Not Say) to That Person with Depression You Know\n\n * Inside Mental Health: A Psych Central Podcast\n\n * Asperger's 101: On Taking Things Literally & Mind Blindness\n\n * What is Bipolar Disorder With Mixed Features?\n\n * The 7 Best Online Marriage Counseling Services in 2021\n\n### Read this next\n\n * 20 Things to Say (and Not Say) to That Person with Depression You Know\n\nMedically reviewed by Marney White, PhD, MS\n\nYou mean well, you really do. But how do you express your support the right\nway when someone your close to has depression?\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health: A Psych Central Podcast\n\nInside Mental Health is an award-winning weekly podcast that approaches\npsychology and mental health in an accessible way. Listen as our host Gabe...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Asperger's 101: On Taking Things Literally & Mind Blindness\n\nPerceptive differences between aspies and neurotypicals.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What is Bipolar Disorder With Mixed Features?\n\nMedically reviewed by Jeffrey Ditzell, DO\n\nIf you have symptoms on mania and depression at the same time, you might have\nbipolar disorder with mixed features. Learn more here.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * The 7 Best Online Marriage Counseling Services in 2021\n\nMarriage counseling can help build a stronger, more satisfying partnership.\nHere are our top picks for online marriage counseling services.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * How is Asperger’s Syndrome Diagnosed?\n\nMedically reviewed by Akilah Reynolds, PhD\n\nAsperger’s syndrome refers to a mild form of autism. Doctors no longer use it\nas a diagnosis, but many people still self-identify with the label...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * How Is Bipolar Disorder Diagnosed?\n\nMedically reviewed by Jeffrey Ditzell, DO\n\nCurious about how bipolar disorder is diagnosed? We talk about diagnostic\ntests, symptoms, and tips for talking with your doctor.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * A Therapist Reveals the Surprising Truth about Older Men Marrying Younger Women\n\nAspen Colorado is a playground for many billionaires and celebrities. Also,\nthe surrounding towns are full of\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Your Voice Matters Here\n\nAt PsychCentral, we are committed to listening, engaging and amplifying\ndiverse voices to ensure that all people and perspectives are represented\nin...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * The 7 Best Online Psychiatry Services in 2021\n\nMedically reviewed by Timothy J. Legg, PhD, PsyD, CRNP, ACRN, CPH\n\nConsidering online psychiatry? Our picks for the best online psychiatry\nservices can make your search easier.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * About Us\n * Newsletters\n * Find a therapist\n * Contact Us\n * Advertising Policy\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n * Privacy Settings\n * © 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\n\n© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our\nwebsite services, content, and products are for informational purposes only.\nPsych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nadditional information.\n\nAboutCareersAdvertise with us\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\nHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych Central\n\n" } ]
1,046,656
How To Get Silky Smooth Hair
To get silky smooth hair, reduce how often you shampoo your hair, since shampoo strips away its natural oils. Additionally, limit the use of heat and chemical treatments, such as dyes and bleaches. You can also spray a small amount of coconut oil onto your hair to protect it from daily wear and tear. Alternatively, apply a gloss or glaze to your hair to keep it shiny.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305103913/https://www.instyle.com/news/hair-gloss-vs-hair-glaze-we-learned-difference", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181212035641/https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/beauty/how-to/a33187/how-to-defrizz-your-hair/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210306235650/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/what-eat-healthy-hair", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210301015912/https://www.lifehack.org/articles/lifestyle/15-easy-ways-get-silky-smooth-hair.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200626131104/https://www.beautyandtips.com/hairtips/how-to-get-silky-smooth-hair-how-to-make-your-hair-shiny-11-tips/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170823172149/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com:80/life-style/beauty/best-home-remedies-for-smooth-and-silky-hair/articleshow/26406738.cms" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "https://www.instyle.com/news/hair-gloss-vs-hair-glaze-we-learned-difference", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305103913/https://www.instyle.com/news/hair-gloss-vs-hair-glaze-we-learned-difference", "parsed_text": { "title": "What Is Hair Gloss and Hair Glaze? - The Difference Between Hair Gloss and Hair Glaze Treatments", "passages": [ "Each product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our editorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.", "The first time someone asked me if I wanted a gloss or a glaze, I thought they were offering me donuts. The answer in that situation is obviously yes to both, but much to the sadness of my sweet tooth, they weren't referencing desserts. They were referring to my hair, and given that I was at salon, it made sense. In the beauty world, hair glosses and hair glazes are both hair treatments that add shine back to your hair, among other benefits, but they do have some small differences that are important to consider.", "Below, find out exactly what both treatments entail, how long they last, as well as hair gloss and hair glaze treatments you can buy and try at home.", "Hair glosses and hair glazes sound the same, but they have some pretty big differences. For starters, a hair gloss treatment is usually a service done by a hair professional at a salon. \"This treatment adds noticeable shine to the hair, and can also dip into the cuticle to deposit color and prevent your newly-added hair dye from falling dull,\" explains Goldwell Stylist, Steven Picciano. Most of the time, hair glosses take the form of a treatment or a mask that's applied to the hair for a certain amount of minutes and then rinsed out.", "\"With a color gloss, we can customize and enhance natural tones, softly blend gray hair, neutralize unwanted warmth, or create the most perfect shades of blonde,” he explains. “Most color lines also have a clear as well, so if you love your natural color and just want to build in shine that’s possible, too.”", "Results of salon glosses should stick around for about four weeks. Picciano prefers to use Goldwell Colorance’s gloss system, which lasts about four to six weeks, or for about 20 shampoos.", "There are at-home options that might not long as long, but have a more reasonable price-tag than something you’d find in a salon. Celebrity hairstylist Kristin Ess developed a Signature Gloss Treatment available in multiple shades, as well as clear, which neutralizes brass, adds shine to the hair, and deep conditions. Another option is Bumble and Bumble’s Bb. Color Gloss, which is applied to dry hair for 20 minutes before shampooing and conditioning.", "A hair glaze is shockingly similar to a gloss, explains Leland Hirsch, hair colorist and founder of Celeb Luxury, with one major difference.", "“They are both temporary non-committal treatments that will fade on their own,” says Hirsch. “The biggest differentiation between a gloss and a glaze is its lifespan. Glazes have no ammonia or peroxide, so will last in the hair up to one week, whereas a gloss can last up to four weeks.”", "Want a daily dose of beauty? Sign up for our FREE daily newsletter, Glow for celebrity hairstyle inspo, skincare tips, major makeup looks, and more direct to your inbox.", "Any hair glaze color that’s deposited will sit on top of the hair, which is why it’s so easy to wash out. In addition to adding shine and color, Hirsch says that glazes can help tame flyaway and reduce frizz. They’re basically deep conditioning treatments that multitask, Picciano adds.", "Colorists can use different types of products to give you that glaze-like result (for example, Hirsch uses Gem Lites and Viral Colorditioner by Celeb Luxury), but there are also other at-home versions of this treatment.", "InStyle is part of the Meredith Beauty Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. InStyle may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "What Is Hair Gloss and Hair Glaze? - The Difference Between Hair Gloss and\nHair Glaze Treatments | InStyle\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore InStyle\n\nInStyle InStyle\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now / Your Account\n * Newsletter\n * Email Preferences this link opens in a new tab\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# The At-Home Treatment That’ll Make Your Hair So Much Shinier\n\nYour good hair days just increased exponentially.\n\nBy InStyle Staff\n\nUpdated Apr 13, 2020 @ 6:30 pm\n\nEach product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our\neditorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn\ncommission.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print\n\nCredit: ROSDIANA CIARAVOLO/Getty Images\n\nThe first time someone asked me if I wanted a gloss or a glaze, I thought they\nwere offering me donuts. The answer in that situation is obviously yes to\nboth, but much to the sadness of my sweet tooth, they weren't referencing\ndesserts. They were referring to my hair, and given that I was at salon, it\nmade sense. In the beauty world, hair glosses and hair glazes are both hair\ntreatments that add shine back to your hair, among other benefits, but they do\nhave some small differences that are important to consider.\n\nBelow, find out exactly what both treatments entail, how long they last, as\nwell as hair gloss and hair glaze treatments you can buy and try at home.\n\nVIDEO: 10 Tricks for Shinier, Glossier Hair\n\n## What Is a Hair Gloss?\n\nHair glosses and hair glazes sound the same, but they have some pretty big\ndifferences. For starters, a hair gloss treatment is usually a service done by\na hair professional at a salon. \"This treatment adds noticeable shine to the\nhair, and can also dip into the cuticle to deposit color and prevent your\nnewly-added hair dye from falling dull,\" explains Goldwell Stylist, Steven\nPicciano. Most of the time, hair glosses take the form of a treatment or a\nmask that's applied to the hair for a certain amount of minutes and then\nrinsed out.\n\n\"With a color gloss, we can customize and enhance natural tones, softly blend\ngray hair, neutralize unwanted warmth, or create the most perfect shades of\nblonde,” he explains. “Most color lines also have a clear as well, so if you\nlove your natural color and just want to build in shine that’s possible, too.”\n\nRELATED: The Best Hair Masks for Every Hair Type and Texture\n\nResults of salon glosses should stick around for about four weeks. Picciano\nprefers to use Goldwell Colorance’s gloss system, which lasts about four to\nsix weeks, or for about 20 shampoos.\n\n## The Best At-Home Hair Gloss Treatments\n\nThere are at-home options that might not long as long, but have a more\nreasonable price-tag than something you’d find in a salon. Celebrity\nhairstylist Kristin Ess developed a Signature Gloss Treatment available in\nmultiple shades, as well as clear, which neutralizes brass, adds shine to the\nhair, and deep conditions. Another option is Bumble and Bumble’s Bb. Color\nGloss, which is applied to dry hair for 20 minutes before shampooing and\nconditioning.\n\n## What Is a Hair Glaze Treatment?\n\nA hair glaze is shockingly similar to a gloss, explains Leland Hirsch, hair\ncolorist and founder of Celeb Luxury, with one major difference.\n\n“They are both temporary non-committal treatments that will fade on their\nown,” says Hirsch. “The biggest differentiation between a gloss and a glaze is\nits lifespan. Glazes have no ammonia or peroxide, so will last in the hair up\nto one week, whereas a gloss can last up to four weeks.”\n\nWant a daily dose of beauty? Sign up for our FREE daily newsletter, Glow for\ncelebrity hairstyle inspo, skincare tips, major makeup looks, and more direct\nto your inbox.\n\nAny hair glaze color that’s deposited will sit on top of the hair, which is\nwhy it’s so easy to wash out. In addition to adding shine and color, Hirsch\nsays that glazes can help tame flyaway and reduce frizz. They’re basically\ndeep conditioning treatments that multitask, Picciano adds.\n\n## The Best At-Home Hair Glaze Treatments\n\nColorists can use different types of products to give you that glaze-like\nresult (for example, Hirsch uses Gem Lites and Viral Colorditioner by Celeb\nLuxury), but there are also other at-home versions of this treatment.\n\nSome of note include Living Proof Color Care Whipped Glaze and Oribe Glaze for\nBeautiful Color.\n\n## Share options\n\nInStyle\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nInStyle is part of the Meredith Beauty Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporation. All Rights Reserved. InStyle may receive compensation for some\nlinks to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to\nchange without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of\nServicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab\nCalifornia Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis\nlink opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.instyle.com\n\n## View image\n\nThe At-Home Treatment That’ll Make Your Hair So Much Shinier\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/beauty/how-to/a33187/how-to-defrizz-your-hair/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181212035641/https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/beauty/how-to/a33187/how-to-defrizz-your-hair/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Best Hairstyles, Shampoo, and Products to Tame Frizzy Hair", "passages": [ "Let's start this off with a reminder that frizz is natural and beautiful. But my guess is you've come to this article because you're looking to try a particular frizz-free style. It's your prerogative to embrace frizz and flyaways on a day-to-day basis and still want to try a slicked look every now and then. So here's what to know.", "You might be familiar with frizz and what it looks like, but understanding what exactly causes it is key when trying to work with it. Allow me to explain: When the outermost layer of your hair (called the cuticle) is raised, moisture enters the strand and causes it to swell and create the frizzy effect you're familiar with seeing. So, what can you do to maintain smooth cuticles? Celebrity hairstylist Mark Townsend, New York-based stylist Mark Garrison, and Ursula Stephen, who works with Ciara and Kerry Washington, offer up their expert tricks for fighting frizz.", "Shampoos with sulfates strip and dehydrate your strands, which is the opposite of you want when looking to maintain moisture. Instead, look for one with glycerin high up in the ingredient list (the closer ingredients are to the top of the list, the more concentrated they are), since it helps combat frizz by penetrating the hair shaft and hydrating it from the inside out. It also creates a protective coating over the outside of the hair shaft, so it doesn't break, says Townsend. Try Honest Deeply Nourishing Hypoallergenic Shampoo and Body Wash.", "It's all about depositing moisture in your hair, or else the cuticle will open up to let moisture from the air in, turning your hair from smooth to frizzy. Look for a conditioner that contains glycerin as well as other hydrating ingredients (like coconut oil and shea butter), and apply it from midshaft down to your ends, keeping it away from your roots if you're worried about it weighing down your hair. Try Carol's Daughter Sacred Tiare Anti-Breakage & Anti-Frizz Fortifying Conditioner.", "You might think your hair needs to be shampooed several times a week but it doesn't. Every two days, rinse your hair with only conditioner. Conditioner contains a small amount of surfactants (what shampoo uses to cleanse your hair), so it will clean it without stripping your hair of its natural oils. Garrison suggests using a lightweight conditioner if you have fine hair, like Nexxus Hydra-Light Weightless Moisture Conditioner. If you have thick and coarse hair, you can use a rich formula, like Redken Genius Wash for Coarse Hair.", "Doing a special treatment at least once a week, especially in colder months, will help fill any holes in your hair shaft that soak up outside moisture and contribute to frizz. Leonor Greyl Masque à L'Orchidée contains glycerin, strengthening silk proteins, and smoothing vegetal ceramides to fight frizz.", "Too much hot air focused directly on your strands dehydrates it, making it frizzy. If you have straight-to-slightly-wavy hair, let your hair air-dry 90 percent of the way, Garrison says, and then use a dryer on it for the last 10 percent.", "While your hair is still wet, apply a moisture-locking dry oil, like Dove Hair Therapy Nourishing Oil Care, from your ends to midway up your hair shaft; oil acts as a barrier, keeping liquids from penetrating. Once your hair is 90 percent dry, use a round brush with mixed bristles (the plastic ones pick up the hair and pull it into the boar bristles for added tension, which makes the hair super straight) to seal the cuticle for a smooth finish. You can also flat-iron your hair after it's dry — nothing will seal the cuticle like intense heat, Garrison advises.", "Although hot tools are ideal for sealing a cuticle, if you want waves but want to limit the amount of heat styling, twist your hair into a bun while it dries (the frizz-fighting happens as your hair cools, when your cuticle locks into place).", "After you've shampooed and conditioned your hair, while it's still wet, apply a cream-based product (Stephen uses Motions Natural Textures Hydrate My Curls Pudding on her clients) from root to tip. When you apply the product, instead of rubbing it in, warm the product between your palms and fingers, and squeeze it onto your hair. Then, wrap your curls around your fingers to shape them exactly how you want, and let your strands air dry. You can also use a diffuser on low speed, high heat (aiming it downward to keep it from ruffling the cuticle) to dry it.", "No matter how good your blowout is, once rain or crazy humidity hits your hair, frizz is bound to set in. Thankfully, the five-oil blend in the quick- drying Living Proof No Frizz Instant De-Frizzer was created for this very scenario and works to bring your hair back to its original state.", "If your hair is in a ponytail and the sides start to frizz up, smooth them down with hairspray. But if the back of your pony turns into a frizz ball, squeeze some lotion into your palms, rub them together, and gently run your fingers through your hair to make it look polished, Garrison suggests.", "According to Garrison, serums aren't ideal or strong enough for smoothing flyaways. So if your updo tends to get frizzy, stick to bobby pins and hairspray to help slick down those bad boys.", "The sodium in your perspiration can dehydrate your hair so it's always a good idea to apply a leave-in conditioner to your strands before working out. Try Vernon Francois Leave~In Conditioner. Also, if you have textured hair and normally work out in a silk scarf, swap it out for a cotton handkerchief, since cotton absorbs moisture and you want the fabric to soak up the sweat, not trap it in, Stephen says.", "Regularly brushing your hair is great, yes, but try flipping it over and brushing it upside down with a boar bristle brush, like Spornette's, to distribute the oils from your scalp/roots onto the rest of your hair. This key step will keep your hair hydrated and block out humidity, Garrison says.", "If you haven't switched your moisture-sucking cotton pillowcase to silk, Stephen says to sleep with your hair wrapped up in a bun, then tie on a silk scarf to help your hair retain its moisture.", "A Part of Hearst Digital Media Cosmopolitan participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "14 Frizzy Hair Solutions - Best Hairstyles, Shampoo, and Products to Tame\nFrizzy Hair\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nFor 6 Years, My Doctor Didn't Believe My Symptoms\n\n2\n\nIs Lili Reinhart Gonna Marry Cole Sprouse or What?\n\n3\n\nFacial Brushes That Won't Rip Your Skin to Shreds\n\n4\n\nHow Meghan Pulled Off That Surprise Appearance\n\n5\n\nShopbop Is Having an Amazing Sale Right Now\n\n# 14 Pro Tips on How to De-Frizz Your Hair\n\n##\n\n...When you want a smoother finish.\n\nBy Carly Cardellino\n\nOct 19, 2018\n\nGetty Images\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nLet's start this off with a reminder that frizz is natural and beautiful. But\nmy guess is you've come to this article because you're looking to try a\nparticular frizz-free style. It's your prerogative to embrace frizz and\nflyaways on a day-to-day basis and still want to try a slicked look every now\nand then. So here's what to know.\n\nYou might be familiar with frizz and what it looks like, but understanding\nwhat exactly causes it is key when trying to work with it. Allow me to\nexplain: When the outermost layer of your hair (called the cuticle) is raised,\nmoisture enters the strand and causes it to swell and create the frizzy effect\nyou're familiar with seeing. So, what can you do to maintain smooth cuticles?\nCelebrity hairstylist Mark Townsend, New York-based stylist Mark Garrison, and\nUrsula Stephen, who works with Ciara and Kerry Washington, offer up their\nexpert tricks for fighting frizz.\n\nWhile you're washing your hair...\n\n#### 1\\. Choose a sulfate-free, glycerin-packed shampoo.\n\nShampoos with sulfates strip and dehydrate your strands, which is the opposite\nof you want when looking to maintain moisture. Instead, look for one with\nglycerin high up in the ingredient list (the closer ingredients are to the top\nof the list, the more concentrated they are), since it helps combat frizz by\npenetrating the hair shaft and hydrating it from the inside out. It also\ncreates a protective coating over the outside of the hair shaft, so it doesn't\nbreak, says Townsend. Try Honest Deeply Nourishing Hypoallergenic Shampoo and\nBody Wash.\n\n#### 2\\. Don't skip conditioner.\n\nIt's all about depositing moisture in your hair, or else the cuticle will open\nup to let moisture from the air in, turning your hair from smooth to frizzy.\nLook for a conditioner that contains glycerin as well as other hydrating\ningredients (like coconut oil and shea butter), and apply it from midshaft\ndown to your ends, keeping it away from your roots if you're worried about it\nweighing down your hair. Try Carol's Daughter Sacred Tiare Anti-Breakage &\nAnti-Frizz Fortifying Conditioner.\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\n#### 3\\. But do skip shampoo.\n\nYou might think your hair needs to be shampooed several times a week but it\ndoesn't. Every two days, rinse your hair with only conditioner. Conditioner\ncontains a small amount of surfactants (what shampoo uses to cleanse your\nhair), so it will clean it without stripping your hair of its natural oils.\nGarrison suggests using a lightweight conditioner if you have fine hair, like\nNexxus Hydra-Light Weightless Moisture Conditioner. If you have thick and\ncoarse hair, you can use a rich formula, like Redken Genius Wash for Coarse\nHair.\n\n#### 4\\. Mask weekly.\n\nDoing a special treatment at least once a week, especially in colder months,\nwill help fill any holes in your hair shaft that soak up outside moisture and\ncontribute to frizz. Leonor Greyl Masque à L'Orchidée contains glycerin,\nstrengthening silk proteins, and smoothing vegetal ceramides to fight frizz.\n\nGetty\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nWhen you’re styling your hair...\n\n#### 5\\. Don't blow-dry soaking wet hair.\n\nToo much hot air focused directly on your strands dehydrates it, making it\nfrizzy. If you have straight-to-slightly-wavy hair, let your hair air-dry 90\npercent of the way, Garrison says, and then use a dryer on it for the last 10\npercent.\n\n#### 6\\. Use dry oil.\n\nWhile your hair is still wet, apply a moisture-locking dry oil, like Dove Hair\nTherapy Nourishing Oil Care, from your ends to midway up your hair shaft; oil\nacts as a barrier, keeping liquids from penetrating. Once your hair is 90\npercent dry, use a round brush with mixed bristles (the plastic ones pick up\nthe hair and pull it into the boar bristles for added tension, which makes the\nhair super straight) to seal the cuticle for a smooth finish. You can also\nflat-iron your hair after it's dry — nothing will seal the cuticle like\nintense heat, Garrison advises.\n\n#### 7\\. Get frizz-free waves with buns.\n\nAlthough hot tools are ideal for sealing a cuticle, if you want waves but want\nto limit the amount of heat styling, twist your hair into a bun while it dries\n(the frizz-fighting happens as your hair cools, when your cuticle locks into\nplace).\n\n#### 8\\. Use a cream hydrator and a diffuser for thick, coarse, and curly\nhair.\n\nAfter you've shampooed and conditioned your hair, while it's still wet, apply\na cream-based product (Stephen uses Motions Natural Textures Hydrate My Curls\nPudding on her clients) from root to tip. When you apply the product, instead\nof rubbing it in, warm the product between your palms and fingers, and squeeze\nit onto your hair. Then, wrap your curls around your fingers to shape them\nexactly how you want, and let your strands air dry. You can also use a\ndiffuser on low speed, high heat (aiming it downward to keep it from ruffling\nthe cuticle) to dry it.\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nGetty\n\nTo maintain your style...\n\n#### 9\\. Caught in the rain? Try a dry conditioning spray.\n\nNo matter how good your blowout is, once rain or crazy humidity hits your\nhair, frizz is bound to set in. Thankfully, the five-oil blend in the quick-\ndrying Living Proof No Frizz Instant De-Frizzer was created for this very\nscenario and works to bring your hair back to its original state.\n\n#### 10\\. Use hand or body lotion to tame a frizzy ponytail.\n\nIf your hair is in a ponytail and the sides start to frizz up, smooth them\ndown with hairspray. But if the back of your pony turns into a frizz ball,\nsqueeze some lotion into your palms, rub them together, and gently run your\nfingers through your hair to make it look polished, Garrison suggests.\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\n#### 11\\. Use pins and hairspray (not serum) for flyaways.\n\nAccording to Garrison, serums aren't ideal or strong enough for smoothing\nflyaways. So if your updo tends to get frizzy, stick to bobby pins and\nhairspray to help slick down those bad boys.\n\nGetty\n\n#### 12\\. Apply a leave-in conditioner before you workout.\n\nThe sodium in your perspiration can dehydrate your hair so it's always a good\nidea to apply a leave-in conditioner to your strands before working out. Try\nVernon Francois Leave~In Conditioner. Also, if you have textured hair and\nnormally work out in a silk scarf, swap it out for a cotton handkerchief,\nsince cotton absorbs moisture and you want the fabric to soak up the sweat,\nnot trap it in, Stephen says.\n\n#### 13\\. Brush your hair upside down to distribute its natural oils.\n\nRegularly brushing your hair is great, yes, but try flipping it over and\nbrushing it upside down with a boar bristle brush, like Spornette's, to\ndistribute the oils from your scalp/roots onto the rest of your hair. This key\nstep will keep your hair hydrated and block out humidity, Garrison says.\n\n#### 14\\. Wrap your hair in a silk scarf before going to sleep.\n\nIf you haven't switched your moisture-sucking cotton pillowcase to silk,\nStephen says to sleep with your hair wrapped up in a bun, then tie on a silk\nscarf to help your hair retain its moisture.\n\nGet non-boring fashion and beauty news directly in your feed. Follow\nFacebook.com/CosmoBeauty.\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Beauty\n\nFacial Brushes That Won't Rip Your Skin to Shreds\n\nRead This Before Trying Skincare Supplements\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nHi, Ashley Tisdale Has Pink Hair Now\n\nWinter Is Coming: These Face Oils Will Rescue You\n\n19 Short, Curly Hairstyles You Need to Try\n\nKim K, Local Rebel, Admits to Sleeping in Makeup\n\nBeauty Gift Sets So Good, You'll Want One Yourself\n\nPresented by\n\nKay\n\nThis Before-and-After Sun Damage Pic Is Insane\n\nWhy You Need to Be Using Fiber Mascara\n\nThe Iconic Hair Moments That Had Everyone Talking\n\n * Beauty\n * Beauty & Style\n * The Best Conditioners For Dry Damaged Hair\n * 8 Ultra-Hydrating Shampoos for Dry, Damaged Hair\n * 8 Crazy-Good Shampoos to Combat Oily, Greasy Hair\n * 6 Hairstyles for When You Just Can't Wash Your Hair\n * The Best Products for Curly Hair\n * 15 Hair Products You'll Want to Try ASAP\n * Mark Garrison\n * Mark Townsend\n * how to defrizz\n * defrizz\n\n * Newsletter\n * Digital Editions\n * About Us\n * Press Room\n * Contact Us\n * Community Guidelines\n * Advertise Online\n * Cosmo Books\n * Work For Cosmo\n * Customer Service\n * BestProducts\n * Subscribe\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Give a Gift\n * Events & Promotions\n * Giveaways\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Cosmopolitan participates in various affiliate\nmarketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially\nchosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2018 Hearst Communications, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/what-eat-healthy-hair", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210306235650/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/what-eat-healthy-hair", "parsed_text": { "title": "What to eat for healthy hair", "passages": [ "Just like skin, the condition of your hair is an outward sign of inside health. The cells that make up each strand of hair require a regular supply of key nutrients.", "Eat the correct balance of the following nutrients including protein, vitamins and minerals to supply hair with all that it needs to remain shiny, lustrous and strong...", "As hair is made of protein, ensuring you have enough protein in your diet is crucial for making hair strong and healthy. If you are not consuming enough protein in your diet, your hair is likely to become dry, brittle and weak. Extremely low protein diets may result in restricted hair growth and even hair loss. Choose chicken, turkey, fish, dairy products and eggs as excellent sources of protein along with vegetarian sources such as legumes and nuts.", "Iron is an especially important mineral for hair and too little iron is a major cause of hair loss. The hair follicle and root are fed by a nutrient rich blood supply. When iron levels (serum ferritin) fall below a certain point, you may experience anaemia. This disrupts the nutrient supply to the follicle, affecting the hair growth cycle and may result in shedding. Animal products such as red meat, chicken and fish provide iron with a high bioavailability, meaning the iron is readily available to the body. Vegetarians can raise their iron stores by including lentils, spinach and other leafy green vegetables such as broccoli, kale and salad greens. More about iron-rich diets Iron-rich vegetarian recipes", "Vitamin C aids the absorption of iron so foods high in vitamin C are good to eat in conjunction with iron-rich foods. Vitamin C is also an antioxidant so is used readily by the body. The best sources are blackcurrants, blueberries, broccoli, guava, kiwi fruits, oranges, papaya, strawberries and sweet potatoes. Vitamin C helps in the production of collagen which strengthens the capillaries that supply the hair shafts.", "Omega-3 fatty acids are important fats our body cannot make itself, and therefore must be obtained through our diet. Omega-3s are found in the cells that line the scalp and also provide the oils that keep your scalp and hair hydrated. Include oily fish such as salmon, herring, sardines, trout and mackerel and plant sources like avocado, pumpkin seeds and walnuts.", "Vitamin A is needed by the body to make sebum. Sebum is an oily substance created by our hairs sebaceous glands and provides a natural conditioner for a healthy scalp. Without sebum we may experience an itchy scalp and dry hair. Include animal products and orange/yellow coloured vegetables which are high in beta-carotene (which makes vitamin A) such as carrots, pumpkins and sweet potatoes.", "Scalp protection involves other important minerals, notably zinc and selenium. A lack of zinc can lead to hair loss and a dry, flaky scalp. Fortified cereals and wholegrains are a good source of zinc along with oysters, beef and eggs.", "The sun can damage our hair just like it can damage our skin so ensure you eat foods rich in vitamin E to provide protection for your hair. Nuts are nutritional powerhouses, providing zinc and selenium as well as vitamin E so try to include them as part of a balanced diet.", "Biotin is a water-soluble B vitamin. Too little biotin can cause brittle hair and may lead to hair loss. Include biotin rich foods such as wholegrains, liver, egg yolk, soy flour and yeast.", "Make your own hair mask for a deep, nourishing treatment every two weeks. Whisk an egg yolk and mix with half a mashed avocado and a spoonful of honey. Massage onto damp, clean hair and leave for 30 minutes before rinsing thoroughly.", "An overall balanced diet is necessary for a healthy scalp and healthy hair. Try out some of the following tasty recipes to support your locks.", "Legumes like kidney beans and lentils are sources of protein, iron, biotin and zinc: Jerk chicken curry with beans Pepper lime salmon with black-eyed beans Basic lentils Spinach, sweet potato & lentil dhal", "Nuts are rich in zinc and selenium: Spiced cauliflower with chickpeas, herbs & pine nuts Baked aubergine stuffed with roast pumpkin, feta & walnuts with minted courgettes Fig & walnut slice Tropical treat", "Don’t forget orange vegetables and dark leafy greens! Pumpkin & parsnip cassoulet Stir-fried curly kale with chilli & garlic Orange, carrot & mint soup Sweet potato & chicken curry", "Boost your omega-3 with these fishy favourites: Spicy salmon & lentils Griddled tuna with bean & tomato salad Warm mackerel & beetroot salad Smoked mackerel, orange & couscous salad Sardines with chickpeas, lemon & parsley", "Each hair is attached to the scalp via a follicle. There are between 100,000 and 350,000 hair follicles on the human scalp. Each follicle grows its hair for an average of 1000 days (three years) and then rests for a period of around 100 days (three months) before being shed and a new hair begins to grow. This pattern of active growth followed by the resting period varies significantly from person to person and is influenced by age, diet and our state of health.", "Hair is primarily made of a protein called keratin that also makes nails and forms the outer protective layer of skin. Each hair consists of three layers:", "1. The cuticle – the outer layer, thin and colourless. It acts as the protective layer. 2. The cortex which contains melanin, which is responsible for hair colour. 3. The medulla, the innermost layer which reflects light.", "Did you know... ...Whether your hair is straight or curly depends on the shape of the cortex. On average, blondes have more hair and redheads have the least.", "The length of hair that you are able to grow is controlled by the duration of the growing phase, which varies between individuals. We all lose some hair naturally each day when we brush, comb or wash it and as long as new hairs are being produced at the same rate as those falling out, there will be no difference in hair volume. However if the rate of shedding exceeds production the net result is hair loss or thinning.", "A variety of factors can alter the normal hair growth cycle and cause temporary or permanent hair loss including medication, chemotherapy, exposure to chemicals and toxins such as nicotine, hormonal factors, thyroid disease, stress or nutritional factors.", "We shed hair every day as part of our body’s natural process. Hair loss can happen at any time of life for any number of reasons. When hair loss becomes a concern, it is important to determine the cause before seeking out the appropriate treatment.", "Age influences hair strength. As we grow older, there is a tendency for our hair fibres to become finer and shorter and we may experience hair loss or greying. It is normal for women to experience changes to their hair post pregnancy and as they enter the menopause.", "Genetic hair loss is the most common hair loss problem affecting men and women. The onset is usually during the mid to late 20s and is often unavoidable. Women experiencing baldness may want to consult a trained medical professional.", "Repeatedly losing and regaining weight can take its toll on your hair, causing it to become brittle and lacking lustre. Crash diets are often short in essential vitamins and minerals and over long periods of time this type of dieting will reflect in your hair.", "Hormonal imbalances including thyroid dysfunction can produce significant changes to hair growth and quality. Thyroid function can only be assessed by blood test. If you are experiencing considerable hair loss, please consult your GP.", "This condition can result in total loss of hair from the head and sometimes loss of body hair also, although most sufferers develop a few isolated patches of hair loss, which may correct themselves without any treatment. Since the cause is unknown, treatment is hard. Talk to your GP if you are concerned about hair loss.", "Kerry Torrens is a qualified Nutritionist (MBANT) with a post graduate diploma in Personalised Nutrition & Nutritional Therapy. She is a member of the British Association for Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine (BANT) and a member of the Guild of Food Writers. Over the last 15 years she has been a contributing author to a number of nutritional and cookery publications including BBC Good Food.", "Jo Lewin is a registered nutritionist (RNutr) with the Association for Nutrition with a specialism in public health. Follow her on Twitter @nutri_jo.", "All health content on bbcgoodfood.com is provided for general information only, and should not be treated as a substitute for the medical advice of your own doctor or any other health care professional. If you have any concerns about your general health, you should contact your local health care provider. See our website terms and conditions for more information." ] }, "parsed_md": "What to eat for healthy hair - BBC Good Food\n\nSign in\n\nRegister\n\n 1. Home\n\n 2. How to\n\n 3. Guide\n\n 4. What to eat for healthy hair\n\nThis competition is now closed\n\n# What to eat for healthy hair\n\nBy Jo Lewin – Registered nutritionist\n\nMagazine subscription – 3 issues for just £5\n\nJust like skin, the condition of your hair is an outward sign of inside\nhealth. The cells that make up each strand of hair require a regular supply of\nkey nutrients.\n\nEat the correct balance of the following nutrients including protein, vitamins\nand minerals to supply hair with all that it needs to remain shiny, lustrous\nand strong...\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Protein\n\nAs hair is made of protein, ensuring you have enough protein in your diet is\ncrucial for making hair strong and healthy. If you are not consuming enough\nprotein in your diet, your hair is likely to become dry, brittle and weak.\nExtremely low protein diets may result in restricted hair growth and even hair\nloss. Choose chicken, turkey, fish, dairy products and eggs as excellent\nsources of protein along with vegetarian sources such as legumes and nuts.\n\n## Iron\n\nIron is an especially important mineral for hair and too little iron is a\nmajor cause of hair loss. The hair follicle and root are fed by a nutrient\nrich blood supply. When iron levels (serum ferritin) fall below a certain\npoint, you may experience anaemia. This disrupts the nutrient supply to the\nfollicle, affecting the hair growth cycle and may result in shedding. Animal\nproducts such as red meat, chicken and fish provide iron with a high\nbioavailability, meaning the iron is readily available to the body.\nVegetarians can raise their iron stores by including lentils, spinach and\nother leafy green vegetables such as broccoli, kale and salad greens. More\nabout iron-rich diets Iron-rich vegetarian recipes\n\n## Vitamin C\n\nVitamin C aids the absorption of iron so foods high in vitamin C are good to\neat in conjunction with iron-rich foods. Vitamin C is also an antioxidant so\nis used readily by the body. The best sources are blackcurrants, blueberries,\nbroccoli, guava, kiwi fruits, oranges, papaya, strawberries and sweet\npotatoes. Vitamin C helps in the production of collagen which strengthens the\ncapillaries that supply the hair shafts.\n\n## Omega-3\n\nOmega-3 fatty acids are important fats our body cannot make itself, and\ntherefore must be obtained through our diet. Omega-3s are found in the cells\nthat line the scalp and also provide the oils that keep your scalp and hair\nhydrated. Include oily fish such as salmon, herring, sardines, trout and\nmackerel and plant sources like avocado, pumpkin seeds and walnuts.\n\n## Vitamin A\n\nVitamin A is needed by the body to make sebum. Sebum is an oily substance\ncreated by our hairs sebaceous glands and provides a natural conditioner for a\nhealthy scalp. Without sebum we may experience an itchy scalp and dry hair.\nInclude animal products and orange/yellow coloured vegetables which are high\nin beta-carotene (which makes vitamin A) such as carrots, pumpkins and sweet\npotatoes.\n\n## Zinc and selenium\n\nScalp protection involves other important minerals, notably zinc and selenium.\nA lack of zinc can lead to hair loss and a dry, flaky scalp. Fortified cereals\nand wholegrains are a good source of zinc along with oysters, beef and eggs.\n\n## Vitamin E\n\nThe sun can damage our hair just like it can damage our skin so ensure you eat\nfoods rich in vitamin E to provide protection for your hair. Nuts are\nnutritional powerhouses, providing zinc and selenium as well as vitamin E so\ntry to include them as part of a balanced diet.\n\n## Biotin\n\nBiotin is a water-soluble B vitamin. Too little biotin can cause brittle hair\nand may lead to hair loss. Include biotin rich foods such as wholegrains,\nliver, egg yolk, soy flour and yeast.\n\n## Natural treatments\n\nMake your own hair mask for a deep, nourishing treatment every two weeks.\nWhisk an egg yolk and mix with half a mashed avocado and a spoonful of honey.\nMassage onto damp, clean hair and leave for 30 minutes before rinsing\nthoroughly.\n\n## Recipe suggestions...\n\nAn overall balanced diet is necessary for a healthy scalp and healthy hair.\nTry out some of the following tasty recipes to support your locks.\n\nLegumes like kidney beans and lentils are sources of protein, iron, biotin and\nzinc: Jerk chicken curry with beans Pepper lime salmon with black-eyed beans\nBasic lentils Spinach, sweet potato & lentil dhal\n\nNuts are rich in zinc and selenium: Spiced cauliflower with chickpeas, herbs &\npine nuts Baked aubergine stuffed with roast pumpkin, feta & walnuts with\nminted courgettes Fig & walnut slice Tropical treat\n\nBeef is a brilliant source of protein and iron: Chilli beef shepherd’s pie\nThai beef stir-fry\n\nDon’t forget orange vegetables and dark leafy greens! Pumpkin & parsnip\ncassoulet Stir-fried curly kale with chilli & garlic Orange, carrot & mint\nsoup Sweet potato & chicken curry\n\nBoost your omega-3 with these fishy favourites: Spicy salmon & lentils\nGriddled tuna with bean & tomato salad Warm mackerel & beetroot salad Smoked\nmackerel, orange & couscous salad Sardines with chickpeas, lemon & parsley\n\n## The hair cycle...\n\nEach hair is attached to the scalp via a follicle. There are between 100,000\nand 350,000 hair follicles on the human scalp. Each follicle grows its hair\nfor an average of 1000 days (three years) and then rests for a period of\naround 100 days (three months) before being shed and a new hair begins to\ngrow. This pattern of active growth followed by the resting period varies\nsignificantly from person to person and is influenced by age, diet and our\nstate of health.\n\n## What is hair made of?\n\nHair is primarily made of a protein called keratin that also makes nails and\nforms the outer protective layer of skin. Each hair consists of three layers:\n\n1\\. The cuticle – the outer layer, thin and colourless. It acts as the\nprotective layer. 2. The cortex which contains melanin, which is responsible\nfor hair colour. 3. The medulla, the innermost layer which reflects light.\n\nDid you know... ...Whether your hair is straight or curly depends on the shape\nof the cortex. On average, blondes have more hair and redheads have the least.\n\n## Through thick and thin...\n\nThe length of hair that you are able to grow is controlled by the duration of\nthe growing phase, which varies between individuals. We all lose some hair\nnaturally each day when we brush, comb or wash it and as long as new hairs are\nbeing produced at the same rate as those falling out, there will be no\ndifference in hair volume. However if the rate of shedding exceeds production\nthe net result is hair loss or thinning.\n\nA variety of factors can alter the normal hair growth cycle and cause\ntemporary or permanent hair loss including medication, chemotherapy, exposure\nto chemicals and toxins such as nicotine, hormonal factors, thyroid disease,\nstress or nutritional factors.\n\n## Hair loss\n\nWe shed hair every day as part of our body’s natural process. Hair loss can\nhappen at any time of life for any number of reasons. When hair loss becomes a\nconcern, it is important to determine the cause before seeking out the\nappropriate treatment.\n\nPotential non-dietary factors for hair loss include:\n\n * Age influences hair strength. As we grow older, there is a tendency for our hair fibres to become finer and shorter and we may experience hair loss or greying. It is normal for women to experience changes to their hair post pregnancy and as they enter the menopause.\n * Genetic hair loss is the most common hair loss problem affecting men and women. The onset is usually during the mid to late 20s and is often unavoidable. Women experiencing baldness may want to consult a trained medical professional.\n * Repeatedly losing and regaining weight can take its toll on your hair, causing it to become brittle and lacking lustre. Crash diets are often short in essential vitamins and minerals and over long periods of time this type of dieting will reflect in your hair.\n * Hormonal imbalances including thyroid dysfunction can produce significant changes to hair growth and quality. Thyroid function can only be assessed by blood test. If you are experiencing considerable hair loss, please consult your GP.\n\n## A note on alopecia areata (AA)...\n\nThis condition can result in total loss of hair from the head and sometimes\nloss of body hair also, although most sufferers develop a few isolated patches\nof hair loss, which may correct themselves without any treatment. Since the\ncause is unknown, treatment is hard. Talk to your GP if you are concerned\nabout hair loss.\n\nThis article was last reviewed on 4 July 2019 by Kerry Torrens.\n\nKerry Torrens is a qualified Nutritionist (MBANT) with a post graduate diploma\nin Personalised Nutrition & Nutritional Therapy. She is a member of the\nBritish Association for Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine (BANT) and a member\nof the Guild of Food Writers. Over the last 15 years she has been a\ncontributing author to a number of nutritional and cookery publications\nincluding BBC Good Food.\n\nJo Lewin is a registered nutritionist (RNutr) with the Association for\nNutrition with a specialism in public health. Follow her on Twitter @nutri_jo.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAll health content on bbcgoodfood.com is provided for general information\nonly, and should not be treated as a substitute for the medical advice of your\nown doctor or any other health care professional. If you have any concerns\nabout your general health, you should contact your local health care provider.\nSee our website terms and conditions for more information.\n\nBeer 52 exclusive offer: Get a free case of craft beer worth £24.\n\nClaim now\n\nSubscription offer: Get 3 issues for just £5\n\nSubscribe today\n\n * Visit us on Facebook\n\n * Visit us on Twitter\n\n * Visit us on Instagram\n\n * Visit us on Youtube\n\n * Visit us on Rss\n\n * Privacy policy\n * Terms & conditions\n * Cookies policy\n * Complaints escalation\n * Advertise\n * Contact us\n * Manage cookies\n\nImmediate Media Logo\n\nThis website is published by Immediate Media Company Limited under licence\nfrom BBC Studios Distribution.© Immediate Media Company Ltd. 2021\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.lifehack.org/articles/lifestyle/15-easy-ways-get-silky-smooth-hair.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210301015912/https://www.lifehack.org/articles/lifestyle/15-easy-ways-get-silky-smooth-hair.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "15 Easy Ways to Get Silky, Smooth Hair", "passages": [ "Smooth, shiny locks a la Jennifer Aniston aren’t totally unattainable, even if you don’t have a celeb-level hairstylist (let alone a Hollywood-size beauty budget). There are plenty of easy tricks you can use at home, no salon trip necessary! If you want to get silky, glistening strands, try some (or all) of these smooth hair solutions. They’ll work whether you want beautifully defined curls or a shimmering mane of straight hair.", "Yes, it can be painful in winter, but this is a tried-and-true way to get smooth hair. The cold doesn’t just make you want to shrink up — it does the same thing to your hair. Warmth makes the hair cuticle (the outer layer of each individual hair) open, while cold makes it close up. Rinsing with cold water encourages your individual strands to stay flat.", "When you step out of the shower, it’s tempting to wrap your hair in a towel and give your head a good rub to remove excess water. Don’t do it! Rubbing roughs up your hair and can cause breakage, and it also encourages frizz. Instead, use your towel to blot away on top of your head. Give the longer sections of your hair a gentle squeeze with the towel to get rid of extra H2O.", "If you want shiny locks, chances are you blow dry your hair — and if it’s a straight style you’re after, a flat iron’s likely involved as well. Though these do create a shiny appearance right away, over time damage from regular heat styling will actually reduce the luster and degrade the smooth texture of your hair. When you can, step away from the heat stylers and give your hair a day off. And when you do turn up the heat, first protect your hair with a serum like Carol’s Daughter Macadamia Heat Protection Serum ($18, hsn.com).", "Even if you’re growing out your hair, keeping up with regular trims is key for smooth strands. Even if your roots look amazing and polished, damaged and split ends will ruin that illusion.", "Aloe vera doesn’t just help with burns — it also contains enzymes that encourage healthy hair growth. It also has a similar composition to keratin (the protein that’s the main building block of your hair), allowing it to easily penetrate hair. To do, dilute a small amount of aloe (the gel from a couple of pieces of the plant is key — if you’re using a prepared aloe vera gel, make sure it doesn’t contain alcohol) in a cup of warm water. Comb through hair, let it sit for 30 minutes, then rinse.", "For a truly indulgent mask that is unbelievably softening, mash together one ripe banana with 2 teaspoons of plain yogurt until you have a smooth paste. This combo is crazy moisturizing, and a treat for your scalp as well as your tresses. Rub it all through your hair, and put on a shower cap (or something else to keep banana from getting all over the place!). After 45 minutes, rinse and shampoo.", "Up softness and shine — and remove accumulated product built-up (yuck!) with an apple cider vinegar rinse. It helps to restore your tresses’ pH balance, gets rid of gunk, and closes up the cuticle. Best of all, it’s super-simple. Dilute a quarter-cup of cider vinegar in one cup of water. After your normal shower routine, pour it through your mane. Work it through from roots to ends, then rinse out (and yes, if you want even better results, rinse it out with cold water!).", "Taking a brush straight to wet hair is a recipe for frizz and breakage. For smooth strands, use a wide-toothed comb on damp hair. Working in sections, start detangling at the ends and work vertically. Bothered by knots and/or a sensitive scalp? Spritz your hair with a product like It’s a 10 Miracle Leave- In Product ($18, ulta.com) before you head into the fray.", "“Second-day hair” is everywhere, but not just because it’s super-easy. Unless you have hair that’s crazy-oily, you probably don’t need to shampoo every day. Over-shampooing can strip your hair of its natural oils, which help give it shine and prevent damage. Experiment with skipping a day to find a schedule that works for you. Not comfortable going totally au natural? Use a dry shampoo like Batiste Dry Shampoo ($8, drugstore.com), then simply style as usual.", "Those images of stylists wearing gas masks has pretty much put everyone off salon straightening treatments, which though effective are also chock full of creepy chemicals. The Keratin Earth system (keratinearth.com) is formaldehyde free and boasts natural ingredients — and rave reviews. With daily shampoo and conditioner and monthly treatments, it tames even the toughest frizz.", "If your hair is prone to dryness, it also likely tends toward dullness and breakage. Get your smooth on with an avocado mask. Avocados aren’t just yummy, they’re also full of vitamins and proteins that are great for your hair. To make, mash together an extremely ripe avocado, 2-3 tablespoons of olive oil, and 2 tablespoons of honey. Keep on mixing ’til there aren’t any lumps, then use a wide-toothed comb to spread it through your dry tresses. Wait 10-30 minutes, then hop in the shower as per normal.", "Regular gloss treatments are one way celebrities keep their hair so insanely shiny and gorgeous at all times. It’s what it sounds like — almost like putting a clear topcoat on each individual strand of your hair so it’s smooth and light-reflecting. The goods news is you can get the same effect at home by using a glossing treatment either as part of your regular shower routine or as a weekly treatment. John Frieda Clear Shine Luminous Hair Glaze ($11, walgreens.com) works on all hair colors.", "Again, air-drying is best for your hair. But if you’re in a hurry or working on a serious style, be sure you’re blowdrying the right way. Use a diffuser so you aren’t scorching your strands, and point the nozzle down. That way, you’re encouraging the cuticle to stay smooth and flat (an updraft can make it open right up). Finish by giving your whole dome a once-over using the cool setting for the smoothest hair.", "Want to avoid frizz and breakage, and make that blowout last longer? Rest your head (and your hair) on a satin pillowcase instead of the usual cotton to keep your strands smooth.", "Perfect for sprucing up second-day hair or adding definition to curls, shine spray can be the finishing touch on your smooth style. Just don’t overdo it! A little goes a long way, and you want to be shiny, not greasy. For curly hair, spray it on your palms, then scrunch it through your curls. If you’ve got a straight style, spritz it on a paddle brush, then gently brush it through your tresses. One to try: Bumble and bumble Shine On Finishing Spray ($15, bumbleandbumble.com).", "Instagram allows you to see exactly what inspires people and how creativity is drawn from their everyday life. We use Instagram to capture what makes us smile, what brings joy to our life, and what we are passionate about, and the accounts listed below are sure to inspire you in turn.", "Brandon Stanton walks the streets of New York City taking street photography, and he gets his subjects to open up about life details that even many family members may not know about them. It makes you smile and connect with the images at a new level.", "Carin Olsson moved to Paris and is documenting every part of her experience, from the macaroons to the Eiffel Tower with all of its shimmering lights. If you want to go to Paris but can’t get there today, Carin will take you.", "George Bryant offers up more than his love for cooking Paleo cuisine as he shares more about life, joy, and happiness. His coined hashtag is #hugsandbacon.", "Andrew has taken the world by storm with his adorable version of Where’s Waldo? His version is Find Momo, and stars his border collie.", "Ida Skivenes has developed a knack for food art. From the world of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory to Strawberry Fields Forever, she has recreated it all with food.", "Grandma Betty is fighting cancer and is inspiring others to smile and be happy in life. She brings a smile to your face instantly and is like having your grandma right beside you.", "Tania Ahsan captures the world of her cute bulldog, Maya, on her adventures in New York. Maya makes appearances that will make you smile, laugh, and inspire you to go out and create something special.", "Leo captures the life on the streets of Paris. Most of his work is done in black and white, offering that iconic Parisian look.", "Jacob Santiago creates stunning, vibrant images around New York City, showcasing the architecture and streets. I’m sure you haven’t seen the streets of NYC like this before.", "Julie Lee showcases how everyday produce can create colorful art designs. At first glance, you think it is just a design; then, a second take illustrates that it is really fruits and vegetables.", "iloveplaymo brings together photography and Playmobil toys in action. The images are up to date with current world events and everyday life.", "Murad Osmann is a music video producer, but his claim to fame on Instagram has been his photographs with his girlfriend leading him by her hand.", "Willie Kessel brings beach life right to your smartphone. Amazing surf and lifestyle images that take your mind off of all of the work and stress in your life.", "Nick Ulivieri is a talented photographer who loves to capture the windy city of Chicago and skies, especially during storms. His images are gorgeous and make you realize how wonderful life really is.", "Jo Jerry’s landscape photos around Santorini, Greece, make you want to book a flight immediately. The bright colors and simplicity in the images make his photos stand out from the rest.", "GoPro uses fan-sourced images on their account that are all captured with a GoPro. Creativity to the max is used in these images and range from the grocery store to incredible surf.", "Vin Farrell is a creative who works on the agency side for large clients and has a knack for photography. His iPhone captures amazing aerial images around NYC and the world." ] }, "parsed_md": "15 Easy Ways to Get Silky, Smooth Hair\n\nAdvertising\n\n * Lifestyle\n\nAdvertising\n\n# 15 Easy Ways to Get Silky, Smooth Hair\n\nKate Wood\n\nRead full profile\n\n * Share\n * Pin it\n * Tweet\n * Share\n * Email\n\nSmooth, shiny locks a la Jennifer Aniston aren’t totally unattainable, even if\nyou don’t have a celeb-level hairstylist (let alone a Hollywood-size beauty\nbudget). There are plenty of easy tricks you can use at home, no salon trip\nnecessary! If you want to get silky, glistening strands, try some (or all) of\nthese smooth hair solutions. They’ll work whether you want beautifully defined\ncurls or a shimmering mane of straight hair.\n\n## 1\\. Rinse with cold water\n\nYes, it can be painful in winter, but this is a tried-and-true way to get\nsmooth hair. The cold doesn’t just make you want to shrink up — it does the\nsame thing to your hair. Warmth makes the hair cuticle (the outer layer of\neach individual hair) open, while cold makes it close up. Rinsing with cold\nwater encourages your individual strands to stay flat.\n\n## 2\\. Blot, don’t rub\n\nWhen you step out of the shower, it’s tempting to wrap your hair in a towel\nand give your head a good rub to remove excess water. Don’t do it! Rubbing\nroughs up your hair and can cause breakage, and it also encourages frizz.\nInstead, use your towel to blot away on top of your head. Give the longer\nsections of your hair a gentle squeeze with the towel to get rid of extra H2O.\n\nAdvertising\n\n## 3\\. Use a protective serum\n\nIf you want shiny locks, chances are you blow dry your hair — and if it’s a\nstraight style you’re after, a flat iron’s likely involved as well. Though\nthese do create a shiny appearance right away, over time damage from regular\nheat styling will actually reduce the luster and degrade the smooth texture of\nyour hair. When you can, step away from the heat stylers and give your hair a\nday off. And when you do turn up the heat, first protect your hair with a\nserum like Carol’s Daughter Macadamia Heat Protection Serum ($18, hsn.com).\n\n## 4\\. Get regular trims\n\nEven if you’re growing out your hair, keeping up with regular trims is key for\nsmooth strands. Even if your roots look amazing and polished, damaged and\nsplit ends will ruin that illusion.\n\n## 5\\. Do an aloe mask\n\nAloe vera doesn’t just help with burns — it also contains enzymes that\nencourage healthy hair growth. It also has a similar composition to keratin\n(the protein that’s the main building block of your hair), allowing it to\neasily penetrate hair. To do, dilute a small amount of aloe (the gel from a\ncouple of pieces of the plant is key — if you’re using a prepared aloe vera\ngel, make sure it doesn’t contain alcohol) in a cup of warm water. Comb\nthrough hair, let it sit for 30 minutes, then rinse.\n\nAdvertising\n\n## 6\\. Make your hair a smoothie\n\nFor a truly indulgent mask that is unbelievably softening, mash together one\nripe banana with 2 teaspoons of plain yogurt until you have a smooth paste.\nThis combo is crazy moisturizing, and a treat for your scalp as well as your\ntresses. Rub it all through your hair, and put on a shower cap (or something\nelse to keep banana from getting all over the place!). After 45 minutes, rinse\nand shampoo.\n\n## 7\\. Create a clarifying rinse\n\nUp softness and shine — and remove accumulated product built-up (yuck!) with\nan apple cider vinegar rinse. It helps to restore your tresses’ pH balance,\ngets rid of gunk, and closes up the cuticle. Best of all, it’s super-simple.\nDilute a quarter-cup of cider vinegar in one cup of water. After your normal\nshower routine, pour it through your mane. Work it through from roots to ends,\nthen rinse out (and yes, if you want even better results, rinse it out with\ncold water!).\n\n## 8\\. Comb with care\n\nTaking a brush straight to wet hair is a recipe for frizz and breakage. For\nsmooth strands, use a wide-toothed comb on damp hair. Working in sections,\nstart detangling at the ends and work vertically. Bothered by knots and/or a\nsensitive scalp? Spritz your hair with a product like It’s a 10 Miracle Leave-\nIn Product ($18, ulta.com) before you head into the fray.\n\nAdvertising\n\n## 9\\. Don’t wash more than needed\n\n“Second-day hair” is everywhere, but not just because it’s super-easy. Unless\nyou have hair that’s crazy-oily, you probably don’t need to shampoo every day.\nOver-shampooing can strip your hair of its natural oils, which help give it\nshine and prevent damage. Experiment with skipping a day to find a schedule\nthat works for you. Not comfortable going totally au natural? Use a dry\nshampoo like Batiste Dry Shampoo ($8, drugstore.com), then simply style as\nusual.\n\n## 10\\. Try an at-home straightening treatment\n\nThose images of stylists wearing gas masks has pretty much put everyone off\nsalon straightening treatments, which though effective are also chock full of\ncreepy chemicals. The Keratin Earth system (keratinearth.com) is formaldehyde\nfree and boasts natural ingredients — and rave reviews. With daily shampoo and\nconditioner and monthly treatments, it tames even the toughest frizz.\n\n## 11\\. Give your hair some guac\n\nIf your hair is prone to dryness, it also likely tends toward dullness and\nbreakage. Get your smooth on with an avocado mask. Avocados aren’t just yummy,\nthey’re also full of vitamins and proteins that are great for your hair. To\nmake, mash together an extremely ripe avocado, 2-3 tablespoons of olive oil,\nand 2 tablespoons of honey. Keep on mixing ’til there aren’t any lumps, then\nuse a wide-toothed comb to spread it through your dry tresses. Wait 10-30\nminutes, then hop in the shower as per normal.\n\nAdvertising\n\n## 12\\. Get your gloss on\n\nRegular gloss treatments are one way celebrities keep their hair so insanely\nshiny and gorgeous at all times. It’s what it sounds like — almost like\nputting a clear topcoat on each individual strand of your hair so it’s smooth\nand light-reflecting. The goods news is you can get the same effect at home by\nusing a glossing treatment either as part of your regular shower routine or as\na weekly treatment. John Frieda Clear Shine Luminous Hair Glaze ($11,\nwalgreens.com) works on all hair colors.\n\n## 13\\. Point your dryer down\n\nAgain, air-drying is best for your hair. But if you’re in a hurry or working\non a serious style, be sure you’re blowdrying the right way. Use a diffuser so\nyou aren’t scorching your strands, and point the nozzle down. That way, you’re\nencouraging the cuticle to stay smooth and flat (an updraft can make it open\nright up). Finish by giving your whole dome a once-over using the cool setting\nfor the smoothest hair.\n\n## 14\\. Sleep on satin\n\nWant to avoid frizz and breakage, and make that blowout last longer? Rest your\nhead (and your hair) on a satin pillowcase instead of the usual cotton to keep\nyour strands smooth.\n\n## 15\\. Finish it off with a shine spray\n\nPerfect for sprucing up second-day hair or adding definition to curls, shine\nspray can be the finishing touch on your smooth style. Just don’t overdo it! A\nlittle goes a long way, and you want to be shiny, not greasy. For curly hair,\nspray it on your palms, then scrunch it through your curls. If you’ve got a\nstraight style, spritz it on a paddle brush, then gently brush it through your\ntresses. One to try: Bumble and bumble Shine On Finishing Spray ($15,\nbumbleandbumble.com).\n\n * Share\n * Pin it\n * Tweet\n * Share\n * Email\n\nAdvertising\n\nAdvertising\n\n### Read Next\n\nHow to Lose 50 Pounds in 3 Months: 10 Unconventional Diet Tips 15 Quick and\nHealthy Snacks to Help You Stick to Your Diet 15 Static Stretches to Totally\nEnhance Your Workout Routine\n\nAdvertising\n\nAdvertising\n\n### More by this author\n\n###### Kate Wood\n\n15 Easy Ways to Get Silky, Smooth Hair 15 Best Online Bookstores for Cheap New\nand Used Books 8 Reasons to Rethink Fast Fashion 10 Things You Suffered\nThrough That Your Kids Will Never Understand Get Inspired by These 25 Unique\nand Outstanding Baby Names\n\nAdvertising\n\n### Trending in Lifestyle\n\n1 How to Find Workout Motivation When You Hate Exercise 2 60 Workout\nMotivation Quotes for Tough Workouts 3 Coffee Vs Energy Drinks: Why Coffee\nGives You A Better Boost 4 The 20 Most Creative Instagram Accounts That Will\nInspire You 5 20 Unusual Uses for Coca-Cola That You’ve Never Considered\n\n### More by this author\n\n###### Kate Wood\n\n15 Easy Ways to Get Silky, Smooth Hair 15 Best Online Bookstores for Cheap New\nand Used Books 8 Reasons to Rethink Fast Fashion 10 Things You Suffered\nThrough That Your Kids Will Never Understand Get Inspired by These 25 Unique\nand Outstanding Baby Names\n\n### Trending in Lifestyle\n\n1 How to Find Workout Motivation When You Hate Exercise 2 60 Workout\nMotivation Quotes for Tough Workouts 3 Coffee Vs Energy Drinks: Why Coffee\nGives You A Better Boost 4 The 20 Most Creative Instagram Accounts That Will\nInspire You 5 20 Unusual Uses for Coca-Cola That You’ve Never Considered\n\n### Read Next\n\n##### Intermittent Fasting Weight Loss for Beginners (A How-to Guide)\n\n##### 11 Red Flags in a Relationship Not To Ignore\n\n##### 8 Best Natural Energy Drinks For An Instant Energy Boost\n\n##### Hit a Weight Loss Plateau? Here’s How To Break Through It\n\nAdvertising\n\nAdvertising\n\n * Lifestyle\n\nAdvertising\n\nLast Updated on February 11, 2021\n\n# The 20 Most Creative Instagram Accounts That Will Inspire You\n\nBobbi Klein\n\nRead full profile\n\n * Share\n * Pin it\n * Tweet\n * Share\n * Email\n\nInstagram allows you to see exactly what inspires people and how creativity is\ndrawn from their everyday life. We use Instagram to capture what makes us\nsmile, what brings joy to our life, and what we are passionate about, and the\naccounts listed below are sure to inspire you in turn.\n\nHere are our 20 top creative Instagram accounts that you should be following\ntoday.\n\n## 1\\. Humans Of New York\n\nBrandon Stanton walks the streets of New York City taking street photography,\nand he gets his subjects to open up about life details that even many family\nmembers may not know about them. It makes you smile and connect with the\nimages at a new level.\n\n## 2\\. Paris in Four Months\n\nCarin Olsson moved to Paris and is documenting every part of her experience,\nfrom the macaroons to the Eiffel Tower with all of its shimmering lights. If\nyou want to go to Paris but can’t get there today, Carin will take you.\n\n## 3\\. Civilized Caveman Cooking\n\nGeorge Bryant offers up more than his love for cooking Paleo cuisine as he\nshares more about life, joy, and happiness. His coined hashtag is\n#hugsandbacon.\n\n## 4\\. Andrew Knapp\n\nAndrew has taken the world by storm with his adorable version of Where’s\nWaldo? His version is Find Momo, and stars his border collie.\n\nAdvertising\n\n## 5\\. Idafrosk\n\nIda Skivenes has developed a knack for food art. From the world of Charlie and\nthe Chocolate Factory to Strawberry Fields Forever, she has recreated it all\nwith food.\n\n## 6\\. GrandmaBetty33\n\nGrandma Betty is fighting cancer and is inspiring others to smile and be happy\nin life. She brings a smile to your face instantly and is like having your\ngrandma right beside you.\n\n## 7\\. Maya_on_the_Move\n\nTania Ahsan captures the world of her cute bulldog, Maya, on her adventures in\nNew York. Maya makes appearances that will make you smile, laugh, and inspire\nyou to go out and create something special.\n\nAdvertising\n\n## 8\\. Leoleoparis\n\nLeo captures the life on the streets of Paris. Most of his work is done in\nblack and white, offering that iconic Parisian look.\n\n## 9\\. Jacob Santiago\n\nJacob Santiago creates stunning, vibrant images around New York City,\nshowcasing the architecture and streets. I’m sure you haven’t seen the streets\nof NYC like this before.\n\n## 10\\. Julie’s Kitchen\n\nJulie Lee showcases how everyday produce can create colorful art designs. At\nfirst glance, you think it is just a design; then, a second take illustrates\nthat it is really fruits and vegetables.\n\n## 11\\. iloveplaymo\n\niloveplaymo brings together photography and Playmobil toys in action. The\nimages are up to date with current world events and everyday life.\n\n## 12\\. “Red” Hong Yi\n\nRed Hong Yi loves to paint without a paintbrush. Her style uses daily items to\ncreate lovely images.\n\nAdvertising\n\n## 13\\. Alexis Diaz\n\nA breathtaking artist from Puerto Rico who loves to paint murals. Alexis’s\nwork is featured all over the world.\n\n## 14\\. Murad Osmann\n\nMurad Osmann is a music video producer, but his claim to fame on Instagram has\nbeen his photographs with his girlfriend leading him by her hand.\n\n## 15\\. Simone Bramate\n\nSimone Bramate is a storyteller who just so happens to take delightful photos\nas well.\n\n## 16\\. Willie Kessel\n\nWillie Kessel brings beach life right to your smartphone. Amazing surf and\nlifestyle images that take your mind off of all of the work and stress in your\nlife.\n\nAdvertising\n\n## 17\\. Nick Ulivieri\n\nNick Ulivieri is a talented photographer who loves to capture the windy city\nof Chicago and skies, especially during storms. His images are gorgeous and\nmake you realize how wonderful life really is.\n\n## 18\\. Jo Jerry\n\nJo Jerry’s landscape photos around Santorini, Greece, make you want to book a\nflight immediately. The bright colors and simplicity in the images make his\nphotos stand out from the rest.\n\n## 19\\. GoPro\n\nGoPro uses fan-sourced images on their account that are all captured with a\nGoPro. Creativity to the max is used in these images and range from the\ngrocery store to incredible surf.\n\n## 20\\. Vin Farrell\n\nVin Farrell is a creative who works on the agency side for large clients and\nhas a knack for photography. His iPhone captures amazing aerial images around\nNYC and the world.\n\nFeatured photo credit: Andy via flickr.com\n\n * Share\n * Pin it\n * Tweet\n * Share\n * Email\n\nAdvertising\n\nAdvertising\n\n### Read Next\n\nHow to Lose 50 Pounds in 3 Months: 10 Unconventional Diet Tips 15 Quick and\nHealthy Snacks to Help You Stick to Your Diet 15 Static Stretches to Totally\nEnhance Your Workout Routine\n\nAdvertising\n\nAdvertising\n\n### More by this author\n\n###### Bobbi Klein\n\nThe 20 Most Creative Instagram Accounts That Will Inspire You 10 Reasons Why\nYou Should Get Naked More Often Top 10 World’s Best Restaurants You Need To\nEat In 13 Deliciously Sweet Elements of Happiness 22 Amazing Honeymoon\nDestinations Newly-Weds Should Consider\n\nAdvertising\n\n### Trending in Lifestyle\n\n1 How to Find Workout Motivation When You Hate Exercise 2 60 Workout\nMotivation Quotes for Tough Workouts 3 Coffee Vs Energy Drinks: Why Coffee\nGives You A Better Boost 4 The 20 Most Creative Instagram Accounts That Will\nInspire You 5 20 Unusual Uses for Coca-Cola That You’ve Never Considered\n\n### Read Next\n\n##### Intermittent Fasting Weight Loss for Beginners (A How-to Guide)\n\n##### 11 Red Flags in a Relationship Not To Ignore\n\n##### 8 Best Natural Energy Drinks For An Instant Energy Boost\n\n##### Hit a Weight Loss Plateau? Here’s How To Break Through It\n\n© 2005 - 2021 Lifehack · All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.beautyandtips.com/hairtips/how-to-get-silky-smooth-hair-how-to-make-your-hair-shiny-11-tips/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200626131104/https://www.beautyandtips.com/hairtips/how-to-get-silky-smooth-hair-how-to-make-your-hair-shiny-11-tips/", "parsed_text": { "title": "HOW TO GET SILKY SMOOTH HAIR? HOW TO MAKE YOUR HAIR SHINY? 11 TIPS", "passages": [ "Soft and silky hair are something that most girls strive for, just like the hair that most celebrities seem to have, but sometimes hair can become dry and brittle. The causes can be many; too much washing, too much sun, harsh hair care products and over use of heat on your hair can dry it out and make it look less than perfect. If you want to have silky smooth hair, like the girls in the shampoo ads do, then here are ten home remedies that will help.", "1. Extremely effective homemade hair mask that will energize your hair, add luster and shine, and will make your hair grow faster", "As the first tip on how to get silky smooth hair let me share with you one of my favorite hair masks, that will add shine, smoothness and luster to your hair. The main ingredient of this mask is Aloe Vera gel, preferably freshly made, but if you don’t have an opportunity to make it, then you can use Aloe Vera gel bought in the shop. This mask will not only ‘energize’ your hair, make it shine with health and breath a new life in dull looking and tired locks, but it also will help your hair grow faster. You can do this mask very quickly and easily at the comfort of your home, and for better results do it once a week. Here is the recipe: mash up one ripe avocado, add a tablespoon of linen oil (if you don’t have linen oil, use olive oil, coconut oil or sweet almond oil instead), add a tablespoon of slightly warmed up honey, two egg yolks and a tablespoon of lime juice, and finally, add the main and most important ingredient – 3 tablespoons of Aloe Vera gel. Mix all the ingredients very well and apply the mask on your dry hair before shampooing (massage the mixture into the roots and spread on the length of your hair.) Then put on slightly warmed up towel on your head, it will help your hair mask to work better. Leave the mask on your head for about 20-30 minutes, then shampoo and condition as usual. Even after the first use of this hair mask you will see how amazing and shiny your hair will look! Try it, it works! (Only make sure you are not allergic to the ingredients).", "Another tip on how to get silky smooth hair is – try mayonnaise hair mask. Mayonnaise contains oil and emulsified eggs, both of which make great, natural hair conditioners that will help keep your hair full looking and shiny. The best option would be to make mayonnaise yourself, according to a classic recipe, but if you can’t do it or you don’t have time, then buy the organic mayonnaise with the most natural ingredients and with short expiration date. Coat all of your hair in mayonnaise and leave it on for about thirty minutes before washing out with warm water and shampooing as normal.", "Eating a healthy diet is another important condition, if you want to make your hair shiny. Your diet plays a hugely important role in how your hair looks. You know what you should be eating: plenty of fresh vegetables and fruit, fish, lean meats, nuts and dairy foods are the most important for your hair. A healthy diet will work from the inside out and give you those silky, shiny locks that you are looking for.", "How to get silky smooth hair? Take your time when you are combing your hair and do it, at least, twice a day. Never be harsh with your hair, be gentle and never pull too hard. Regular combing improves the blood circulation in the scalp and spreads your natural oils evenly through your hair. This promotes healthy hair growth and stops the tips of your hair from becoming dry.", "Another tip on how to make your hair shiny is – don’t wash your hair every day. Washing your hair every single day strips out the natural oils and will leave your hair looking dry and frizzy. Try washing every 3 days instead and give your head a chance to produce the oils that your hair needs. Also use a clarifying shampoo, from time to time, to remove any excess hair product from your hair.", "Mix half cup of apple cider vinegar together with a cup of warm water and spray this mixture onto your hair after washing. Leave it on for ten minutes and then rinse out with warm water and you will see the difference straight away. The only downside is the vinegar odor.", "Mash one banana together with a whole avocado until you have a paste, add two tablespoons of wheat germ oil and massage the mixture onto your hair, making sure that all the strands are covered and then leave the mask on for 30 minutes before rinsing out again. This mix of avocado and banana will soften your hair, and wheat germ oil will add luster, shine and will help prevent any split ends.", "Another hair mask that can help you with how to get silky smooth hair is the mixture of three of the best known home hair treatments in one. Beat 2 whole eggs, add a tablespoon of coconut oil (or olive oil) and a tablespoon of honey until they are all are mixed smoothly together. Apply the mask all over your hair and leave for thirty minutes before washing out.", "Our next tip on how to make your hair shiny is – avoid using too hot water when your wash your hair. Hot water will remove the oils from your hair, so don’t have the heat turned up too high when you wash your hair. To help get soft and silky hair, you can also give your hair a final rinse in cold water, after shampooing and conditioning, and this will help to keep the moisture locked in your hair.", "Beer has long been known for its benefits in hair care. Beer is high in vitamin B, which will bring shine and body to your hair. Just spray some beer into your hair after washing and when you dry with a blow dryer, the smell of the beer will go away, and it will leave your hair looking shiny and smooth.", "There are a number of different oils that you can use for this treatment. Slightly heat up four tablespoons of olive, sweet almond, castor, avocado, wheat germ, linen, argan or coconut oil until it’s warm, but not too hot. Massage the oil into your hair and your scalp and then, cover with a warm towel and leave on for, at least, 20 minutes or 1 hour before washing out. The oil will soak into your hair, rejuvenate and nourish it, adding luster and amazing shine!", "beauty tips for hairfeaturedhome remedies for healthy hairhomemade hair maskhow to get healthy hairhow to get silky hairhow to get silky smooth hairhow to get smooth hairhow to have a healthy hairhow to have healthy hairhow to keep healthy hairhow to maintain healthy hairhow to make your hair shinymayonnaise hair masksilky smooth hairtips for healthy hairtips for silky hair", "Very Nice article, Thanks for providing this helpful guide to get silky and smooth hair. Your article is really helpful to many people who are suffering from the hair problem. I agree with your all the tips and I also have heard many times that honey and egg mask is very beneficial for our hair care. I also have explored a website named Miemani is the hairdresser salon in the UK and offers the different hair treatment services at the low price.", "I’m truly enjoying the design and layout of your site. It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more pleasant for me to come here and visit more often. Did you hire out a designer to create your theme? Great work!", "It’s nearly impossible to find well-informed people in this particular topic, but you seem like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks", "All content of this site is entirely unique and copyrighted, if you want to share a piece of our content, then place an active link back to www.beautyandtips.com.", "All information on this site carries only informative and not recommendatory character. Please, ask the advise of your doctor, instead of self-treatment. We will always attempt to provide the best and most accurate information possible here at www.beautyandtips.com, but you are responsible for your own actions. We will not be held liable for anything that happens from the use of the information here.", "This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish.Got it! Reject Read More" ] }, "parsed_md": "HOW TO GET SILKY SMOOTH HAIR? HOW TO MAKE YOUR HAIR SHINY? 11 TIPS\n\n);\n\n * Beauty tips\n * Makeup tips\n * Healthy eating\n * Motivation\n * Dating tips\n * Hair Tips\n * Weight Loss\n * Masks\n * Health\n\n##### Best beauty tips and life hacks\n\nIn Hair Tips\n\n# HOW TO GET SILKY SMOOTH HAIR? HOW TO MAKE YOUR HAIR SHINY? 11 TIPS\n\nBeauty And Tips\n\nPin It\n\nShareTweetPinterestDiggRedditStumbleuponXing\n\nFlipboard\n\nHow to get silky smooth hair? How to make your hair shiny? 10 home remedies\nfor healthy hair\n\nSoft and silky hair are something that most girls strive for, just like the\nhair that most celebrities seem to have, but sometimes hair can become dry and\nbrittle. The causes can be many; too much washing, too much sun, harsh hair\ncare products and over use of heat on your hair can dry it out and make it\nlook less than perfect. If you want to have silky smooth hair, like the girls\nin the shampoo ads do, then here are ten home remedies that will help.\n\n1\\. Extremely effective homemade hair mask that will energize your hair, add\nluster and shine, and will make your hair grow faster\n\nAs the first tip on how to get silky smooth hair let me share with you one of\nmy favorite hair masks, that will add shine, smoothness and luster to your\nhair. The main ingredient of this mask is Aloe Vera gel, preferably freshly\nmade, but if you don’t have an opportunity to make it, then you can use Aloe\nVera gel bought in the shop. This mask will not only ‘energize’ your hair,\nmake it shine with health and breath a new life in dull looking and tired\nlocks, but it also will help your hair grow faster. You can do this mask very\nquickly and easily at the comfort of your home, and for better results do it\nonce a week. Here is the recipe: mash up one ripe avocado, add a tablespoon of\nlinen oil (if you don’t have linen oil, use olive oil, coconut oil or sweet\nalmond oil instead), add a tablespoon of slightly warmed up honey, two egg\nyolks and a tablespoon of lime juice, and finally, add the main and most\nimportant ingredient – 3 tablespoons of Aloe Vera gel. Mix all the ingredients\nvery well and apply the mask on your dry hair before shampooing (massage the\nmixture into the roots and spread on the length of your hair.) Then put on\nslightly warmed up towel on your head, it will help your hair mask to work\nbetter. Leave the mask on your head for about 20-30 minutes, then shampoo and\ncondition as usual. Even after the first use of this hair mask you will see\nhow amazing and shiny your hair will look! Try it, it works! (Only make sure\nyou are not allergic to the ingredients).\n\n2\\. Mayonnaise hair mask\n\nAnother tip on how to get silky smooth hair is – try mayonnaise hair mask.\nMayonnaise contains oil and emulsified eggs, both of which make great, natural\nhair conditioners that will help keep your hair full looking and shiny. The\nbest option would be to make mayonnaise yourself, according to a classic\nrecipe, but if you can’t do it or you don’t have time, then buy the organic\nmayonnaise with the most natural ingredients and with short expiration date.\nCoat all of your hair in mayonnaise and leave it on for about thirty minutes\nbefore washing out with warm water and shampooing as normal.\n\n3\\. Eat a healthy diet\n\nEating a healthy diet is another important condition, if you want to make your\nhair shiny. Your diet plays a hugely important role in how your hair looks.\nYou know what you should be eating: plenty of fresh vegetables and fruit,\nfish, lean meats, nuts and dairy foods are the most important for your hair. A\nhealthy diet will work from the inside out and give you those silky, shiny\nlocks that you are looking for.\n\n4\\. Comb your hair, twice a day\n\nHow to get silky smooth hair? Take your time when you are combing your hair\nand do it, at least, twice a day. Never be harsh with your hair, be gentle and\nnever pull too hard. Regular combing improves the blood circulation in the\nscalp and spreads your natural oils evenly through your hair. This promotes\nhealthy hair growth and stops the tips of your hair from becoming dry.\n\n5\\. Don’t wash your hair every day\n\nAnother tip on how to make your hair shiny is – don’t wash your hair every\nday. Washing your hair every single day strips out the natural oils and will\nleave your hair looking dry and frizzy. Try washing every 3 days instead and\ngive your head a chance to produce the oils that your hair needs. Also use a\nclarifying shampoo, from time to time, to remove any excess hair product from\nyour hair.\n\n6\\. Apple cider vinegar\n\nMix half cup of apple cider vinegar together with a cup of warm water and\nspray this mixture onto your hair after washing. Leave it on for ten minutes\nand then rinse out with warm water and you will see the difference straight\naway. The only downside is the vinegar odor.\n\n7\\. How to get silky smooth hair? Try a banana, avocado and wheat germ oil\nhair mask\n\nMash one banana together with a whole avocado until you have a paste, add two\ntablespoons of wheat germ oil and massage the mixture onto your hair, making\nsure that all the strands are covered and then leave the mask on for 30\nminutes before rinsing out again. This mix of avocado and banana will soften\nyour hair, and wheat germ oil will add luster, shine and will help prevent any\nsplit ends.\n\n8\\. Honey and egg mask\n\nAnother hair mask that can help you with how to get silky smooth hair is the\nmixture of three of the best known home hair treatments in one. Beat 2 whole\neggs, add a tablespoon of coconut oil (or olive oil) and a tablespoon of honey\nuntil they are all are mixed smoothly together. Apply the mask all over your\nhair and leave for thirty minutes before washing out.\n\n9\\. Avoid using hot water\n\nOur next tip on how to make your hair shiny is – avoid using too hot water\nwhen your wash your hair. Hot water will remove the oils from your hair, so\ndon’t have the heat turned up too high when you wash your hair. To help get\nsoft and silky hair, you can also give your hair a final rinse in cold water,\nafter shampooing and conditioning, and this will help to keep the moisture\nlocked in your hair.\n\n10\\. Spray your hair with beer\n\nBeer has long been known for its benefits in hair care. Beer is high in\nvitamin B, which will bring shine and body to your hair. Just spray some beer\ninto your hair after washing and when you dry with a blow dryer, the smell of\nthe beer will go away, and it will leave your hair looking shiny and smooth.\n\n11\\. Hot oil treatment\n\nThere are a number of different oils that you can use for this treatment.\nSlightly heat up four tablespoons of olive, sweet almond, castor, avocado,\nwheat germ, linen, argan or coconut oil until it’s warm, but not too hot.\nMassage the oil into your hair and your scalp and then, cover with a warm\ntowel and leave on for, at least, 20 minutes or 1 hour before washing out. The\noil will soak into your hair, rejuvenate and nourish it, adding luster and\namazing shine!\n\nHow to get silky smooth hair? How to make your hair shiny?\n\nFeel free to share your own tips for silky hair in the comment section below.\n\nShareTweetPinterestDiggRedditStumbleuponXing\n\nFlipboard\n\nbeauty tips for hairfeaturedhome remedies for healthy hairhomemade hair\nmaskhow to get healthy hairhow to get silky hairhow to get silky smooth\nhairhow to get smooth hairhow to have a healthy hairhow to have healthy\nhairhow to keep healthy hairhow to maintain healthy hairhow to make your hair\nshinymayonnaise hair masksilky smooth hairtips for healthy hairtips for silky\nhair\n\nShare\n\n#### 7\n\n#### You may also like\n\n#### View Post\n\n#### 10 FABULOUS TRAVEL EXPERIENCES THAT YOU SHOULD HAVE AT LEAST ONCE IN YOUR\nLIFE\n\n#### View Post\n\n#### 10 LITTLE-KNOWN, FUN AND INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT VALENTINE’S DAY\n\n#### View Post\n\n#### 10 FRUITS THAT CAN HELP YOU LOSE WEIGHT\n\n#### View Post\n\n#### 10 MAKEUP TRICKS THAT CAN HELP YOU FAKE A GOOD NIGHT’S SLEEP\n\n#### View Post\n\n#### 10 STYLE TIPS ON HOW TO ADD COLOUR TO YOUR NEUTRAL WARDROBE\n\n#### View Post\n\n#### HOW TO SPICE UP BROWN HAIR COLOR?\n\n#### View Post\n\n#### 10 NATURAL WAYS TO BEAT BAD BREATH\n\n#### View Post\n\n#### 6 AMAZING HEALTH BENEFITS OF AGAVE NECTAR\n\n#### 7 Comments\n\n 1. ###### Josephshestak\n\n•\n\n##### 3 years ago\n\nVery Nice article, Thanks for providing this helpful guide to get silky and\nsmooth hair. Your article is really helpful to many people who are suffering\nfrom the hair problem. I agree with your all the tips and I also have heard\nmany times that honey and egg mask is very beneficial for our hair care. I\nalso have explored a website named Miemani is the hairdresser salon in the UK\nand offers the different hair treatment services at the low price.\n\n##### Reply\n\n 2. ###### Ary\n\n•\n\n##### 4 years ago\n\nIn the honey and egg mask can you use both coconut and olive oil instead of\njust one\n\n##### Reply\n\n 1. ###### Beauty And Tips\n\n•\n\n##### 4 years ago\n\nAs for me, I also love mixing oils, I find that it’s even better 🙂\n\n##### Reply\n\n 3. ###### Bhavesh jagan\n\n•\n\n##### 4 years ago\n\nAwsme\n\n##### Reply\n\n 4. ###### Anonymous\n\n•\n\n##### 6 years ago\n\nI’m truly enjoying the design and layout of your site. It’s a very easy on the\neyes which makes it much more pleasant for me to come here and visit more\noften. Did you hire out a designer to create your theme? Great work!\n\n##### Reply\n\n 5. ###### Anonymous\n\n•\n\n##### 6 years ago\n\nIt’s nearly impossible to find well-informed people in this particular topic,\nbut you seem like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks\n\n##### Reply\n\n 6. ###### J\n\n•\n\n##### 6 years ago\n\nGreat website!\n\n##### Reply\n\n#### Leave a Comment\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. 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TIPS AND TRICKS\n\nSeptember 19, 2019\n\n * About\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contribution Guidelines\n * Image Usage Policy\n * Contact\n\nAll content of this site is entirely unique and copyrighted, if you want to\nshare a piece of our content, then place an active link back to\nwww.beautyandtips.com.\n\nAll information on this site carries only informative and not recommendatory\ncharacter. Please, ask the advise of your doctor, instead of self-treatment.\nWe will always attempt to provide the best and most accurate information\npossible here at www.beautyandtips.com, but you are responsible for your own\nactions. We will not be held liable for anything that happens from the use of\nthe information here.\n\nBeauty And Tips Magazine\n\n * 10 MIN SIXPACK WORKOUT AT HOME\n * 10 MIN DANCE WORKOUT – FAT BURNER – DANCE CARDIO\n * DO AT LEAST 10 THINGS FROM THIS LIST, AND SEE YOUR LIFE IMPROVE DRAMATICALLY\n * 10 HABITS OF A WOMAN WHO HAS HEALTHY SELF LOVE\n * 12 THINGS EVERY WIFEY SHOULD DO FOR HER HUBBY\n * 80 POWERFUL AFFIRMATIONS FOR SELF-ACCEPTANCE\n * HOW TO FIND INNER HARMONY? 10 USEFUL TIPS\n\nArchives\n\nCopyright © 2018 www.beautyandtips.com. All rights reserved.\n\nThis website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok\nwith this, but you can opt-out if you wish.Got it! Reject Read More\n\nPrivacy & Cookies Policy\n\nNecessary Always Enabled\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com:80/life-style/beauty/best-home-remedies-for-smooth-and-silky-hair/articleshow/26406738.cms", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170823172149/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com:80/life-style/beauty/best-home-remedies-for-smooth-and-silky-hair/articleshow/26406738.cms", "parsed_text": { "title": "Best home remedies for smooth and silky hair", "passages": [ "Every woman dreams of smooth and silky hair, but in order to get beautiful hair, women need to protect their hair from harsh chemicals and instead nourish it with natural remedies.", "Every woman dreams of smooth and silky hair, but in order to get beautiful hair, women need to protect their hair from harsh chemicals and instead nourish it with natural remedies.", "During the festive season, hair is prone to get damaged due to incessant blow drying, ironing, permanent straightening and hair dyes. Celebrity Hairdresser Asgar Saboo shares with us, expert tips on caring for your hair at home without having to pay for expensive treatments and latest conditioners and shampoos.", "Coconut Oil Hair Treatment Coconut oil is a tried and tested treatment for thick, silky hair. If you are looking for a hair treatment that you don't need to wash out, then coconut oil is the one for you. Asgar says that during your everyday life, elements such as sun and rain, changing temperatures etc degrade the proteins in your hair. Using coconut oil could protect these proteins. Use sparingly though, as the greasy look is not desirable, you want just enough to create the glossy look. You can do this by filling up a spray bottle that diffuses the oil evenly.", "Yes... Beer! The two main ingredients in beer hops and malt are proteins that can help reinforce hair and the sugar in the beer helps close your hair's cuticle. When the cuticles are closed a smoother hair shaft is produced, which lets light travel along each strand, thereby creating that shiny sought after appearance. Make sure that your beer has gone flat, for this leave 400ml of beer in a bowl and use it during your shower.", "Wash your hair with shampoo and then apply the beer to your hair making sure to coat all hair strands from root to tip. Massage the beer well into your scalp using circular motions and let it sit in your hair for about 2 minutes and then rinse it off. Then use conditioner to get rid of any traces of the beer scent. When your hair dries, you will notice your hair is shiny, easier to style, and full of bounce.", "Winter and in-door heaters and air conditioners can leave your hair dry, dull and frizzy. For smooth silky hair, try using grapeseed oil, as the regenerative properties contained in grapeseed oil work wonders for your hair as well as nourish the scalp. It also leaves your hair cuticle smooth, by sealing in moisture and giving your hair a smoother and shinier finish. Asgar says it is greasy but not as heavy as olive oil. It is essentially neutral in scent and lightweight and leaves hair feeling thicker. Each strand will feel as if it has been coated with another layer of hair so it makes hair feel heavier and healthier. ?Just take as much as you feel you need and run it through your hair with your fingers from root to tip!", "Get latest news & live updates on the go on your pc with News App. Download The Times of India news app for your device.", "Refrain from posting comments that are obscene, defamatory or inflammatory, and do not indulge in personal attacks, name calling or inciting hatred against any community. Help us delete comments that do not follow these guidelines by marking them offensive. Let's work together to keep the conversation civil.", "Deepika Padukone has recently shot for Femina magazine's cover picture and the pictures are too hot to handle. The actress can be seen sporting a black sheer top and shorts along with tassel belt which is complementing her look perfectly. The picture was shared by her stylist Shaleena Nathani on her Instagram account. We can't wait to see more of DP in the magazine!", "Bruna Abdullah scorched the silver screen with her first appearance in 2007 film ‘Cash’ in a dance number – ‘Rehem Kare’. The film may not have performed as well at the box office, but Bruna went on to get etched in the minds of the audiences. She further went on to act in ‘I Hate Luv Storys’, ‘Desi Boyz’, ‘Grand Masti’ and ‘Jai Ho’. With her scintillating pictures on her Instagram account, Bruna keeps her fans hooked to her every update. Here’s looking at some sizzling pictures of the Brazilian beauty." ] }, "parsed_md": "Best Home Remedies for Smooth and Silky Hair\n\nIndiatimes|The Times of India|The Economic Times\n\n:\n\nHI,\n\n * My Times\n * LOGOUT\n\nSign In\n\nLife\n\n 1. News\n\n»\n\n 2. Lifestyle\n\n»\n\n 3. Beauty Tips\n\n»\n\n 4. Best home remedies for smooth and silky hair\n\n * Sunny Leone's bikini pics\n\n * Bella's fake MMS video goes viral\n\n * Drool over Antje Utgaard\n\n * Nia Sharma's bold Insta. posts\n\n * Jitesh Pillai's b'day party\n\n * Sonakshi holidays in USA\n\n * Deepika Padukone's new photoshoot for Femina is too hot to handle\n\n * Sizzling pictures of Bruna Abdullah that you cannot miss\n\n * Tamannaah Bhatia felicitated at NRI of the Year Awards\n\n * Celebs grace Times Now NRI Awards night!\n\n * When Ranveer Singh left us baffled with his outrageous fashion sense\n\n * Sonam Kapoor lives the fairytale at Paris Couture week\n\n# Best home remedies for smooth and silky hair\n\nSobiya N. Moghul\n\nEvery woman dreams of smooth and silky hair, but in order to get beautiful\nhair, women need to protect their hair from harsh chemicals and instead\nnourish it with natural remedies.\n\n| TNN | Updated: Jul 21, 2017, 05:27 PM IST\n\nBest home remedies for smooth and silky hair (Getty Image)\n\nEvery woman dreams of smooth and silky hair, but in order to get beautiful\nhair, women need to protect their hair from harsh chemicals and instead\nnourish it with natural remedies.\n\nDuring the festive season, hair is prone to get damaged due to incessant blow\ndrying, ironing, permanent straightening and hair dyes. Celebrity Hairdresser\nAsgar Saboo shares with us, expert tips on caring for your hair at home\nwithout having to pay for expensive treatments and latest conditioners and\nshampoos.\n\nCoconut Oil Hair Treatment Coconut oil is a tried and tested treatment for\nthick, silky hair. If you are looking for a hair treatment that you don't need\nto wash out, then coconut oil is the one for you. Asgar says that during your\neveryday life, elements such as sun and rain, changing temperatures etc\ndegrade the proteins in your hair. Using coconut oil could protect these\nproteins. Use sparingly though, as the greasy look is not desirable, you want\njust enough to create the glossy look. You can do this by filling up a spray\nbottle that diffuses the oil evenly.\n\nBeer Treatment\n\nYes... Beer! The two main ingredients in beer hops and malt are proteins that\ncan help reinforce hair and the sugar in the beer helps close your hair's\ncuticle. When the cuticles are closed a smoother hair shaft is produced, which\nlets light travel along each strand, thereby creating that shiny sought after\nappearance. Make sure that your beer has gone flat, for this leave 400ml of\nbeer in a bowl and use it during your shower.\n\nWash your hair with shampoo and then apply the beer to your hair making sure\nto coat all hair strands from root to tip. Massage the beer well into your\nscalp using circular motions and let it sit in your hair for about 2 minutes\nand then rinse it off. Then use conditioner to get rid of any traces of the\nbeer scent. When your hair dries, you will notice your hair is shiny, easier\nto style, and full of bounce.\n\nGrapeseed Oil\n\nWinter and in-door heaters and air conditioners can leave your hair dry, dull\nand frizzy. For smooth silky hair, try using grapeseed oil, as the\nregenerative properties contained in grapeseed oil work wonders for your hair\nas well as nourish the scalp. It also leaves your hair cuticle smooth, by\nsealing in moisture and giving your hair a smoother and shinier finish. Asgar\nsays it is greasy but not as heavy as olive oil. It is essentially neutral in\nscent and lightweight and leaves hair feeling thicker. Each strand will feel\nas if it has been coated with another layer of hair so it makes hair feel\nheavier and healthier. ?Just take as much as you feel you need and run it\nthrough your hair with your fingers from root to tip!\n\nGet latest news & live updates on the go on your pc with News App. Download\nThe Times of India news app for your device.\n\nRELATED\n\n## From around the web\n\n### Own a home in Hyderabad without a loan\n\nKenworth By Provident\n\n### New Leaked N. 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How To Find a Job Online
To find a job online, try checking job-hunting websites, such as Monster, Askalo, or Indeed. Additionally, visit local business websites to see if there are any open positions. You should also check out professional organization websites and browse government websites for potential job openings. Your social media sites can also become networking tools when you post what kind of job you’re looking for and your qualifications.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20200815060410/https://www.forbes.com/2010/08/18/online-job-search-resume-database-forbes-woman-leadership-social-media.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410225355/https://www.outsideonline.com/1926196/how-find-your-dream-job", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210119190123/https://thriftynomads.com/how-to-find-work-abroad-jobs-online-travel-the-world/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170405075239/http://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/outside-voices-careers/2015/10/27/the-10-best-websites-to-find-jobs", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210814063126/https://www.playbill.com/job/listing", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508064111/https://www.job-hunt.org/findingjobs.shtml", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201205000045/https://www.consumer.ftc.gov/articles/0243-job-scams" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.forbes.com/2010/08/18/online-job-search-resume-database-forbes-woman-leadership-social-media.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200815060410/https://www.forbes.com/2010/08/18/online-job-search-resume-database-forbes-woman-leadership-social-media.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Secrets To Finding A Job Online", "passages": [ "Newly unemployed in January 2009, Teresa Basich of Los Angeles turned to Twitter to check out potential job opportunities. She began following others with similar professional and personal interests.", "\"I struck up a loose camaraderie with a contact on Twitter based on my interest in learning more about social media marketing and community management,\" says Basich, who also created a blog to host her résumé and share her thoughts on professional topics. \"I chatted with this contact regularly on both a personal and professional level.\" Fast-forward one year and that connection led Basich to a dream job as content marketing manager for a social media monitoring technology firm.", "Despite the bleak statistics--there are roughly 15 million people unemployed in the U.S., and about 70 million more with jobs looking to make a career move --you can land a job via the Internet. A survey conducted by CareerXRoads.com, an employment consulting firm, shows that in 2009, 13.2% of external hires were found through job boards and 22.3% were from a company's website.", "\"Job seekers have more power than ever,\" says Zack Grossbart, a virtual team coach and author of The One Minute Commute. \"They aren't relegated to another piece of paper in the stack of résumés--they can show off, brag and stand out.\"", "Don't Spam Your Résumé Poring over job board postings and relentlessly applying for jobs can feel very productive, but think quality over quantity. \"You'll have more success going after 20 positions that you target vs. 200 where you simply cast a wide net,\" says executive recruiter Skip Freeman, author of Headhunter Hiring Secrets: The Rules of the Hiring Game Have Changed...Forever!", "Tap online resources to research the companies you'd most like to work for and for positions that you're truly qualified to fill. Use search engines to track information about a company and its employees. Make use of people search engines, such as pipl, Wink and PeekYou, once you have a contact for more information.", "Don't apply for more than one position at a company, or you'll be out of the running because you won't be seen as focused. When it comes to writing a cover letter (a must!), generic introductions won't work. Tailor each letter to the open position, identifying your accomplishments and achievements. Anything you can quantify in terms of money, percentages or numbers will generally elevate your résumé above the hundreds of others vying for the hiring manager's attention. This way you will establish your \"value proposition\"--what you'll do to make the company more money or save the company money, says Freeman.", "Polish Your Résumé Daily It's critical to upload your résumé online so new search technologies (like semantic job matching engines) will find you,\" says Kathy O'Reilly, director of social media relations for Monster.com. \"Hiring professionals almost always search résumé databases as the first step in their recruitment strategy, even before posting the job description.\"", "Outsmart the search engines. Make sure keywords in the job description are listed in your résumé. It's not repetitive or plagiarism, it's good sense: You need to customize your résumé to each opportunity. In addition to the keywords, add the skills and accomplishments that the employer is seeking into your résumé and online profile. This way you can attract hiring managers who have problems you can solve, says Miriam Salpeter, an Atlanta-based job search and social media coach. \"Every job is the result of a problem--everyone hiring is looking for someone to solve a particular concern or issue.\"", "Update your résumé every day, even if it's a tiny change, so that you'll stay at the top of searches conducted by hiring companies and recruiters. Post your non-confidential résumé on two or three major job boards if you are unemployed --but if you are employed, make it confidential. (Here's more advice on how to hunt for a job from work and not get caught.)", "Look at other résumés in your field and notice if there is a pattern of certain words or phrases that you've left out. The goal is to polish your résumé and online profiles so that they look better than the pack. \"Give your posted résumé a relevant title or name--most recruiters and hiring managers look for that,\" says Freeman. \"The title, 'Biomedical Project Engineer' will get my attention, but 'Highly motivated individual looking for a job' will likely get passed over.\"", "Though it sounds obvious, don't use your company e-mail address or phone on your résumé. Make sure your personal e-mail address is professional--\"mom2cutiepies\" isn't going to send the right message to prospective employers.", "Be Easy to Find Online Employers expect established professionals to have an online presence. If you've been working in your industry for 15 years but your name and accomplishments are digitally nonexistent, companies won't take interest. Maintain strong profiles on LinkedIn and ZoomInfo, two top sites recruiters, human resource professionals and hiring managers go every day.", "\"LinkedIn is now more important than job boards for professional women,\" says Susan P. Joyce, publisher and editor of the employment portal Job-Hunt.org. \"Have a complete LinkedIn profile, which includes a nice professional headshot (the same headshot should be used for all social media) and three recommendations.\"", "You can follow on Twitter employees at companies you want to work for, and if you establish a following of your own, with hundreds or even thousands of followers, you'll get employers to notice you.", "A decade ago you could give someone your résumé and say why you're qualified for the job. Today, Grossbart says, you need to show them. \"Show your work with blogs, articles, portfolios, videos--anything you can use to prove you are the best person for the job.\"", "Instead of simply listing your speaking engagements on your résumé, provide links to your YouTube channel where recruiters can watch videos of your presentations or speaking sessions, and include links to Slideshare, where your PowerPoint presentations come to life, says O'Reilly. You can also create a video résumé and upload it to YouTube, but make sure it isn't cheesy or too rehearsed. If blogging isn't for you, perhaps start an online radio program.", "Clean Up Any Digital Dirt A 2009 Microsoft survey found that 79% of hiring managers and job recruiters reviewed online information about job applicants, and what they found influenced their selection process. It's crucial to be careful about what you--and your network--post on the Internet. Don't join online groups that could embarrass you. Even on Facebook, keep your information clean and professional. According to the Microsoft survey, 70% of managers rejected candidates based on what they found online.", "Google and Bing yourself often to see what the search engines reveal about you. If you can't delete negative information, bury it by posting positive content, such as answering questions on forums, commenting on blogs or creating your own blog and updating it regularly. \"Do whatever you can to control the search results. The top five are what really matter and will make the image potential employers form about you,\" says Grossbart.", "Open Doors With Social Media New opportunities and connections are right at your fingertips. \"Think of the Internet and social networking as ways to constantly expand your circle of contacts,\" says Salpeter. \"It only takes one great contact to connect a job seeker to a great opportunity.\" Expanding your network is key, since most employers still fill jobs via referrals--nearly 30% of all external hires. \"The more people you meet--even virtually--who feel connected to you, the more likely you are to land an opportunity.\"" ] }, "parsed_md": "Secrets To Finding A Job Online\n\nBETA\n\nThis is a BETA experience. You may opt-out by clicking here\n\nEdit Story\n\n|Aug 19, 2010,09:15am EDT\n\n# Secrets To Finding A Job Online\n\nThis article is more than 9 years old.\n\n * Share to Facebook\n * Share to Twitter\n * Share to Linkedin\n\nNewly unemployed in January 2009, Teresa Basich of Los Angeles turned to\nTwitter to check out potential job opportunities. She began following others\nwith similar professional and personal interests.\n\n\"I struck up a loose camaraderie with a contact on Twitter based on my\ninterest in learning more about social media marketing and community\nmanagement,\" says Basich, who also created a blog to host her résumé and share\nher thoughts on professional topics. \"I chatted with this contact regularly on\nboth a personal and professional level.\" Fast-forward one year and that\nconnection led Basich to a dream job as content marketing manager for a social\nmedia monitoring technology firm.\n\nDespite the bleak statistics--there are roughly 15 million people unemployed\nin the U.S., and about 70 million more with jobs looking to make a career move\n--you can land a job via the Internet. A survey conducted by CareerXRoads.com,\nan employment consulting firm, shows that in 2009, 13.2% of external hires\nwere found through job boards and 22.3% were from a company's website.\n\nWhat Not To Do When Job-Hunting Online\n\n\"Job seekers have more power than ever,\" says Zack Grossbart, a virtual team\ncoach and author of The One Minute Commute. \"They aren't relegated to another\npiece of paper in the stack of résumés--they can show off, brag and stand\nout.\"\n\nDon't Spam Your Résumé Poring over job board postings and relentlessly\napplying for jobs can feel very productive, but think quality over quantity.\n\"You'll have more success going after 20 positions that you target vs. 200\nwhere you simply cast a wide net,\" says executive recruiter Skip Freeman,\nauthor of Headhunter Hiring Secrets: The Rules of the Hiring Game Have\nChanged...Forever!\n\nTap online resources to research the companies you'd most like to work for and\nfor positions that you're truly qualified to fill. Use search engines to track\ninformation about a company and its employees. Make use of people search\nengines, such as pipl, Wink and PeekYou, once you have a contact for more\ninformation.\n\nDon't apply for more than one position at a company, or you'll be out of the\nrunning because you won't be seen as focused. When it comes to writing a cover\nletter (a must!), generic introductions won't work. Tailor each letter to the\nopen position, identifying your accomplishments and achievements. Anything you\ncan quantify in terms of money, percentages or numbers will generally elevate\nyour résumé above the hundreds of others vying for the hiring manager's\nattention. This way you will establish your \"value proposition\"--what you'll\ndo to make the company more money or save the company money, says Freeman.\n\nPolish Your Résumé Daily It's critical to upload your résumé online so new\nsearch technologies (like semantic job matching engines) will find you,\" says\nKathy O'Reilly, director of social media relations for Monster.com. \"Hiring\nprofessionals almost always search résumé databases as the first step in their\nrecruitment strategy, even before posting the job description.\"\n\nOutsmart the search engines. Make sure keywords in the job description are\nlisted in your résumé. It's not repetitive or plagiarism, it's good sense: You\nneed to customize your résumé to each opportunity. In addition to the\nkeywords, add the skills and accomplishments that the employer is seeking into\nyour résumé and online profile. This way you can attract hiring managers who\nhave problems you can solve, says Miriam Salpeter, an Atlanta-based job search\nand social media coach. \"Every job is the result of a problem--everyone hiring\nis looking for someone to solve a particular concern or issue.\"\n\nUpdate your résumé every day, even if it's a tiny change, so that you'll stay\nat the top of searches conducted by hiring companies and recruiters. Post your\nnon-confidential résumé on two or three major job boards if you are unemployed\n--but if you are employed, make it confidential. (Here's more advice on how to\nhunt for a job from work and not get caught.)\n\nLook at other résumés in your field and notice if there is a pattern of\ncertain words or phrases that you've left out. The goal is to polish your\nrésumé and online profiles so that they look better than the pack. \"Give your\nposted résumé a relevant title or name--most recruiters and hiring managers\nlook for that,\" says Freeman. \"The title, 'Biomedical Project Engineer' will\nget my attention, but 'Highly motivated individual looking for a job' will\nlikely get passed over.\"\n\nThough it sounds obvious, don't use your company e-mail address or phone on\nyour résumé. Make sure your personal e-mail address is\nprofessional--\"mom2cutiepies\" isn't going to send the right message to\nprospective employers.\n\nBe Easy to Find Online Employers expect established professionals to have an\nonline presence. If you've been working in your industry for 15 years but your\nname and accomplishments are digitally nonexistent, companies won't take\ninterest. Maintain strong profiles on LinkedIn and ZoomInfo, two top sites\nrecruiters, human resource professionals and hiring managers go every day.\n\n\"LinkedIn is now more important than job boards for professional women,\" says\nSusan P. Joyce, publisher and editor of the employment portal Job-Hunt.org.\n\"Have a complete LinkedIn profile, which includes a nice professional headshot\n(the same headshot should be used for all social media) and three\nrecommendations.\"\n\nYou can follow on Twitter employees at companies you want to work for, and if\nyou establish a following of your own, with hundreds or even thousands of\nfollowers, you'll get employers to notice you.\n\nA decade ago you could give someone your résumé and say why you're qualified\nfor the job. Today, Grossbart says, you need to show them. \"Show your work\nwith blogs, articles, portfolios, videos--anything you can use to prove you\nare the best person for the job.\"\n\nInstead of simply listing your speaking engagements on your résumé, provide\nlinks to your YouTube channel where recruiters can watch videos of your\npresentations or speaking sessions, and include links to Slideshare, where\nyour PowerPoint presentations come to life, says O'Reilly. You can also create\na video résumé and upload it to YouTube, but make sure it isn't cheesy or too\nrehearsed. If blogging isn't for you, perhaps start an online radio program.\n\nClean Up Any Digital Dirt A 2009 Microsoft survey found that 79% of hiring\nmanagers and job recruiters reviewed online information about job applicants,\nand what they found influenced their selection process. It's crucial to be\ncareful about what you--and your network--post on the Internet. Don't join\nonline groups that could embarrass you. Even on Facebook, keep your\ninformation clean and professional. According to the Microsoft survey, 70% of\nmanagers rejected candidates based on what they found online.\n\nGoogle and Bing yourself often to see what the search engines reveal about\nyou. If you can't delete negative information, bury it by posting positive\ncontent, such as answering questions on forums, commenting on blogs or\ncreating your own blog and updating it regularly. \"Do whatever you can to\ncontrol the search results. The top five are what really matter and will make\nthe image potential employers form about you,\" says Grossbart.\n\nOpen Doors With Social Media New opportunities and connections are right at\nyour fingertips. \"Think of the Internet and social networking as ways to\nconstantly expand your circle of contacts,\" says Salpeter. \"It only takes one\ngreat contact to connect a job seeker to a great opportunity.\" Expanding your\nnetwork is key, since most employers still fill jobs via referrals--nearly 30%\nof all external hires. \"The more people you meet--even virtually--who feel\nconnected to you, the more likely you are to land an opportunity.\"\n\nWhat Not To Do When Job-Hunting Online\n\n * Print\n * Site Feedback\n * Tips\n * Corrections\n * Reprints & Permissions\n * Terms\n * Privacy\n\n * © 2020 Forbes Media LLC. All Rights Reserved.\n * Report a Security Issue\n * AdChoices\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.outsideonline.com/1926196/how-find-your-dream-job", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410225355/https://www.outsideonline.com/1926196/how-find-your-dream-job", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Find Your Dream Job", "passages": [ "In a job market transformed by turmoil and rebirth, there are suddenly all kinds of opportunities for adventurous souls. But if you're going to transcend the cubicle, you need to think big and dare to start over. Presenting our no- holds-barred guide to making the boldest move of your career.", "Park ranger, raft guide, gear designer. They're the best jobs on the planet, and with the right training, you can land one.", "Crabby at the end of the day? Dreading Sunday night? Pay attention. It could be a sign that it’s time for a switch. Of course, there’s a big difference between run-of-the-mill workplace malaise and a major problem. “Ask yourself if your frustration is due to the tasks you perform or to office politics and interpersonal stuff,” says David Blustein, a professor of counseling psychology and a career-development scholar at Boston College’s Lynch School of Education. If you’re tired of the minutiae, consider a small change—between companies within your industry. If you’re dreading the fundamentals, however, it’s probably time for bolder measures.", "A smart career switch begins with what Blustein describes as “a serious process of self-examination.” Recognize that certain personality types thrive in certain industries. Extroverts and risk takers often do well as entrepreneurs. Introverts should consider gigs requiring less self-promotion (see: biologist, engineer, project manager). The most important question? Ask yourself which part of your current job—or your favorite hobby—fulfills you most. Now: How can you monetize that skill? “You want to identify the place where your passion meets other people’s needs,” says economist Adam Davidson, cofounder of NPR’s Planet Money, who is writing a book on how to thrive in the 21st-century economy. “This doesn’t call for cold-hearted pragmatism, but it doesn’t call for self-indulgence, either. Call it pragmatic passion.”", "Adam Fetcher, who worked on Barack Obama’s two presidential campaigns and for the Department of the Interior before changing gears to become Patagonia’s director of global PR and communications, cautions against jumping at the first new opportunity that comes your way. “Spend time thinking deeply about where you want to work, what type of organization will give you the kind of life you want to have,” he says. “If that’s outdoors, with family—whatever it is that makes you happy.”", "In some cases, it’s possible to make a quick lateral pivot to a new industry where your skill set has value. If you’re a sales rep who’s tired of the corporate grind but interested in the environment, you could target a big NGO like the Nature Conservancy, which filled several jobs on its corporate partnership team last year. Similarly, if you’re charismatic, well connected, and a decent writer, you’re primed for a future in public relations, which is currently booming as companies spend less on advertising and more on image. With a bit of smart research and creative thinking, it’s even possible to parlay your leisure interests into a dream job. Say you love riding mountain bikes and drinking beer. That might not seem like a career, but careful investigation could lead you to New Belgium Brewery, based in Fort Collins, Colorado, which is hiring “beer rangers” to sell its brews in adventure hubs across the country.", "New technologies have resulted in job-market upheaval, replacing unskilled positions with computers and international labor. The upshot: hard skills and expertise are as valuable as ever. “The old-fashioned stuff like experience is what really counts,” says Brian Lam, founder of product-review website the Wirecutter, which has hired eight editors and researchers in the past two years. “If you want to get into a new field, you need to buckle down for a few years and become really good at what you do.”", "Start by researching the skills and experience required to land the kind of job you have in mind. One simple method is to study up on industry trends through trade sources like Outdoor Retailer (for gigs at gearmakers) and the Adventure Travel Trade Association (for travel gigs). “Seventy percent of our applicants say they’re avid climbers or outdoors people,” says Anson Fogel, co-owner of the Salt Lake City production company Camp Four Collective. “That’s nice, but it doesn’t matter. We’re looking for talented people who have a body of work.”", "Sometimes the best route is to go back to school. In 2011, Kit Hickey was a successful investment banker in Boulder, Colorado, but she was a little disillusioned and had a vision for a line of business attire that used the performance technologies found in outdoor apparel. She enrolled in an entrepreneurial program at MIT and partnered with another student who was a gear designer to launch Ministry of Supply. She uses her banking experience, focusing on the company’s thriving business model, while her partner geeks out on materials and construction methods.", "Alternatively, you might seek out entry-level positions that help you develop experience and connections. For example, if you have a passion for adventure filmmaking but not the résumé to get hired as a cameraman or producer, you might apply to GoPro, which is based in San Mateo, California, and has been hiring content producers to scour the Internet for footage created with its cameras in specific categories like music, hunting, and fishing.", "If your financial situation won’t allow you to go back to school or take a low-paying post, look for opportunities at your current job to broaden your skills. “When friends think about applying for jobs they assume are out of reach,” says NPR’s Davidson, “I tell them to consider what skills they want to have that they don’t have now. Often it doesn’t take much.”", "Knowing where to look is half the battle. One common pitfall of job seekers is to spend all their time trolling umbrella job sites like Craigslist and CareerBuilder. These days most companies list openings on their own websites and social-media channels. “We use LinkedIn, and our recruiting team has its own Facebook page,” says Patty Pearce, VP of human resources at VF Outdoor, which owns the North Face, JanSport, and SmartWool. Many industries also post jobs using Twitter hashtags (like #pubjobs, the catchall for opportunities in public radio).", "Another efficient strategy is to focus on industry-specific career websites. Gear and apparel makers list positions on the Outdoor Industry Association site, the action-sports jobs board Malakye.com, and SportsOneSource.com, the website of the Sporting Goods Business association. Environmental nonprofits and NGOs like Conservation International and the Nature Conservancy post on the websites of the Society for Conservation Biology and the Chronicle of Philanthropy.", "“One of the first things we do when we get a résumé is look at that person’s LinkedIn profile and Facebook page,” says Steve Sullivan, former CEO of mountain lifestyle brand Cloudveil and founder of Jackson, Wyoming, apparel company Stio. “With those tools, you get to know the person—their contacts, how well connected they are, how mature they are. People should be cognizant of public profiles.”", "Crafting a professional online presence requires more than just deleting and untagging party shots. (Though you should do that, too.) For starters create a LinkedIn page, and put some love into it. “Over the course of your working life, thousands more people are going to see your LinkedIn résumé than your real résumé,” says Sree Sreenivasan, a former professor of social media at the Columbia Journalism School who’s now chief digital officer for the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Spend extra time on the summary section—“It should be deep,” says Sreenivasan—and update everything, especially the recommendations, even when you’re not actively pursuing a new job. “Potential employers rely on the recommendations,” notes Sreenivasan. “Get them in a smart, judicious way from people who supervise your work when you don’t need it—like right after you’ve completed a good project.”", "You should also have a Twitter account and include links in your bio to your home page (or your current employer’s home page) and your LinkedIn account. Follow industry leaders you hope to network with. “Before you reach out to someone for an introduction, a referral, or a request for a connection, make sure you’re already following that person,” suggests Sreenivasan. Your own tweets should contain links to stories about the fields you want to work in and comments about them.", "Finally, keep photos for your social-media accounts simple—“a close-up, professional head shot,” says Sreenivasan—unless you’re angling for a gig with a production company.", "When we asked the executives at leading brands in the outdoor and adventure- sports industries how hiring has changed in the social-media age, they all gave the same answer: it mostly hasn’t. While creative applications help—several employers cited candidates who submitted online portfolios, videos, and even product prototypes—you still need a strong cover letter, résumé, and personal references. Keep them one page each. “Six-page résumés are ridiculous,” says Sullivan. Focus on the basics before doing anything else. “Don’t go hiring a website designer,” says Sreenivasan, “when you should be cleaning up your LinkedIn profile.”", "The fact that it’s now so easy to connect with people digitally actually means that in-person meetings and personal referrals carry more weight than ever. “We filled 30 percent of our hires last year through referrals,” says Christina Gee, recruiting manager at Clif Bar in Emeryville, California. GoPro, meanwhile, makes 35 percent of its hires through referrals. Don’t have a personal connection to a company? Make one. “Find out who you need to know,” says Shawn Heinrichs, photographer, videographer, and founder of Blue Sphere Media. “Then work backward until you have one degree of separation with that person—someone who can get you a meeting.” For Heinrich, a former business executive, this meant sitting down with Peter Knights, founder of the nonprofit WildAid, one of the conservation groups Heinrichs now produces films for.", "Megan Miller, founder of Bitty Foods, recommends cold calls. “I’m a huge advocate of taking people out to coffee,” she says. “They’re usually flattered when you say you want their advice. I’m the most digital person in the world. I have a huge LinkedIn network. But there’s no substitute for face time.”", "One surefire way to gain access to personal interactions is by attending industry trade shows and other events where managers are on the lookout for new talent. “Actively recruiting at conferences is probably the best way to find the best people,” says M. Sanjayan, executive VP of Conservation International. Gear companies converge at the biannual Outdoor Retailer, while travel outfitters gather at the Adventure Travel World Summit. Conservation groups recruit at events like the Aspen Environmental Forum and the International Congress for Conservation Biology.", "But you don’t need to wait for the big summit. Whether you live in Austin or Anchorage, you can find gatherings of people with similar professional interests using forums like MeetUp and FindSpark. “Going to entrepreneurial and startup meetings really helped me,” says Ministry of Supply’s Kit Hickey, who went to every gathering she could after moving to Boston to attend business school. “I saw people making similar changes. It made me feel less alone.”", "Finally, when networking, keep in mind that you’re working, not dating. “Don’t lay out all your woes and troubles,” says Sanjayan. “I can’t tell you how many people come to talk to me and say so much that I’m pretty sure I won’t be recommending them to anyone else. Remember: your goal is to get into the interview room.”", "Once you secure an interview, prepare. Set up a Google news alert for the company, look into press coverage from the past five years, and reach out to people who have worked there and moved on. You want to go in knowing your stuff. “Not being prepared about a company’s history—that wouldn’t bode well here,” says Pearce of the North Face. Also, bring a bottle of water and some energy bars. Patagonia interviews last a full day. Potential GoPro media-team hires are brought in for a weeklong trial run.", "After your interview, send a thank-you e-mail—fast. “I’d even recommend drafting a rough follow-up before the interview,” says Emily Miethner, founder of FindSpark. “Then quickly add in thoughts on specific things you discussed to personalize it.” Miethner also suggests creating another touchpoint outside e-mail. “This could be adding the person you interviewed with on LinkedIn—send a custom message—or retweeting a tweet from the company,” she says.", "If you aren’t offered the job, focus on the fact that getting in the door was a huge step. Acquit yourself professionally and chances are you’ll get a second look down the line. “The first job I applied for out of grad school, I got an interview but didn’t land the job,” says Sanjayan. “The second job I applied for, with the Nature Conservancy, I didn’t even make the interview cut.” But he kept in touch with the organization and was eventually brought on as a lead scientist.", "If you do get an offer, don’t take it right away: this is the time to negotiate things like more time off or the ability to work remotely. Once you’re hired, your leverage is gone.", "To inspire active participation in the world outside through award-winning coverage of the sports, people, places, adventure, discoveries, health and fitness, gear and apparel, trends and events that make up an active lifestyle.", "Subscribe to our What You Missed newsletter for the top headlines from the outdoor world, in your inbox six days a week. Looking for something else? Check out our entire suite of free newsletters here." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Find Your Dream Job | Outside Online\n\n### Newsletter Sign Up\n\nSubscribe to our newsletters to stay up-to-date on the latest outdoor news.\n\nSee all newsletters→\n\nThanks for signing up! Find more newsletters on our newsletter sign-up page.\n\nHealthWellness\n\n# How to Find Your Dream Job\n\n## An eight-step plan for rebooting your career and finding a job that you\nlove.\n\nYes, you can mix work and adventure—if you play it right. (Photo: Hannah\nMcCaughey)\n\nAbe Streep\n\nAbe Streep\n\nOct 1, 2014\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nText\n\nEmail\n\nIn a job market transformed by turmoil and rebirth, there are suddenly all\nkinds of opportunities for adventurous souls. But if you're going to transcend\nthe cubicle, you need to think big and dare to start over. Presenting our no-\nholds-barred guide to making the boldest move of your career.\n\n##### Success Story: Two Friends Launch One Big Brand\n\nThe twentysomething founders of Sunski launched a company that's now worth\nmillion—and they're just getting started.\n\n##### 100 Perfect Places to Work\n\nWhether you're into outdoor gear, adventure travel, or dog food, your perfect\njob awaits.\n\n##### Reboot Your Career\n\nBig career changes can sometimes be the best moves for your life. Five\nbusiness icons share their advice.\n\n##### The Jobs Everybody Wants\n\nPark ranger, raft guide, gear designer. They're the best jobs on the planet,\nand with the right training, you can land one.\n\n## 1\\. Admit That You Have a Problem\n\nCrabby at the end of the day? Dreading Sunday night? Pay attention. It could\nbe a sign that it’s time for a switch. Of course, there’s a big difference\nbetween run-of-the-mill workplace malaise and a major problem. “Ask yourself\nif your frustration is due to the tasks you perform or to office politics and\ninterpersonal stuff,” says David Blustein, a professor of counseling\npsychology and a career-development scholar at Boston College’s Lynch School\nof Education. If you’re tired of the minutiae, consider a small change—between\ncompanies within your industry. If you’re dreading the fundamentals, however,\nit’s probably time for bolder measures.\n\n## 2\\. Choose a New Direction\n\nA smart career switch begins with what Blustein describes as “a serious\nprocess of self-examination.” Recognize that certain personality types thrive\nin certain industries. Extroverts and risk takers often do well as\nentrepreneurs. Introverts should consider gigs requiring less self-promotion\n(see: biologist, engineer, project manager). The most important question? Ask\nyourself which part of your current job—or your favorite hobby—fulfills you\nmost. Now: How can you monetize that skill? “You want to identify the place\nwhere your passion meets other people’s needs,” says economist Adam Davidson,\ncofounder of NPR’s Planet Money, who is writing a book on how to thrive in the\n21st-century economy. “This doesn’t call for cold-hearted pragmatism, but it\ndoesn’t call for self-indulgence, either. Call it pragmatic passion.”\n\nAdam Fetcher, who worked on Barack Obama’s two presidential campaigns and for\nthe Department of the Interior before changing gears to become Patagonia’s\ndirector of global PR and communications, cautions against jumping at the\nfirst new opportunity that comes your way. “Spend time thinking deeply about\nwhere you want to work, what type of organization will give you the kind of\nlife you want to have,” he says. “If that’s outdoors, with family—whatever it\nis that makes you happy.”\n\nIn some cases, it’s possible to make a quick lateral pivot to a new industry\nwhere your skill set has value. If you’re a sales rep who’s tired of the\ncorporate grind but interested in the environment, you could target a big NGO\nlike the Nature Conservancy, which filled several jobs on its corporate\npartnership team last year. Similarly, if you’re charismatic, well connected,\nand a decent writer, you’re primed for a future in public relations, which is\ncurrently booming as companies spend less on advertising and more on image.\nWith a bit of smart research and creative thinking, it’s even possible to\nparlay your leisure interests into a dream job. Say you love riding mountain\nbikes and drinking beer. That might not seem like a career, but careful\ninvestigation could lead you to New Belgium Brewery, based in Fort Collins,\nColorado, which is hiring “beer rangers” to sell its brews in adventure hubs\nacross the country.\n\n(Photo: Hannah McCaughey)\n\n## 3\\. Get Real\n\nNew technologies have resulted in job-market upheaval, replacing unskilled\npositions with computers and international labor. The upshot: hard skills and\nexpertise are as valuable as ever. “The old-fashioned stuff like experience is\nwhat really counts,” says Brian Lam, founder of product-review website the\nWirecutter, which has hired eight editors and researchers in the past two\nyears. “If you want to get into a new field, you need to buckle down for a few\nyears and become really good at what you do.”\n\nStart by researching the skills and experience required to land the kind of\njob you have in mind. One simple method is to study up on industry trends\nthrough trade sources like Outdoor Retailer (for gigs at gearmakers) and the\nAdventure Travel Trade Association (for travel gigs). “Seventy percent of our\napplicants say they’re avid climbers or outdoors people,” says Anson Fogel,\nco-owner of the Salt Lake City production company Camp Four Collective.\n“That’s nice, but it doesn’t matter. We’re looking for talented people who\nhave a body of work.”\n\nSometimes the best route is to go back to school. In 2011, Kit Hickey was a\nsuccessful investment banker in Boulder, Colorado, but she was a little\ndisillusioned and had a vision for a line of business attire that used the\nperformance technologies found in outdoor apparel. She enrolled in an\nentrepreneurial program at MIT and partnered with another student who was a\ngear designer to launch Ministry of Supply. She uses her banking experience,\nfocusing on the company’s thriving business model, while her partner geeks out\non materials and construction methods.\n\nAlternatively, you might seek out entry-level positions that help you develop\nexperience and connections. For example, if you have a passion for adventure\nfilmmaking but not the résumé to get hired as a cameraman or producer, you\nmight apply to GoPro, which is based in San Mateo, California, and has been\nhiring content producers to scour the Internet for footage created with its\ncameras in specific categories like music, hunting, and fishing.\n\nIf your financial situation won’t allow you to go back to school or take a\nlow-paying post, look for opportunities at your current job to broaden your\nskills. “When friends think about applying for jobs they assume are out of\nreach,” says NPR’s Davidson, “I tell them to consider what skills they want to\nhave that they don’t have now. Often it doesn’t take much.”\n\n## 4\\. Hunt Intelligently\n\nKnowing where to look is half the battle. One common pitfall of job seekers is\nto spend all their time trolling umbrella job sites like Craigslist and\nCareerBuilder. These days most companies list openings on their own websites\nand social-media channels. “We use LinkedIn, and our recruiting team has its\nown Facebook page,” says Patty Pearce, VP of human resources at VF Outdoor,\nwhich owns the North Face, JanSport, and SmartWool. Many industries also post\njobs using Twitter hashtags (like #pubjobs, the catchall for opportunities in\npublic radio).\n\nAnother efficient strategy is to focus on industry-specific career websites.\nGear and apparel makers list positions on the Outdoor Industry Association\nsite, the action-sports jobs board Malakye.com, and SportsOneSource.com, the\nwebsite of the Sporting Goods Business association. Environmental nonprofits\nand NGOs like Conservation International and the Nature Conservancy post on\nthe websites of the Society for Conservation Biology and the Chronicle of\nPhilanthropy.\n\n## 5\\. Create Your Online Persona\n\n“One of the first things we do when we get a résumé is look at that person’s\nLinkedIn profile and Facebook page,” says Steve Sullivan, former CEO of\nmountain lifestyle brand Cloudveil and founder of Jackson, Wyoming, apparel\ncompany Stio. “With those tools, you get to know the person—their contacts,\nhow well connected they are, how mature they are. People should be cognizant\nof public profiles.”\n\nCrafting a professional online presence requires more than just deleting and\nuntagging party shots. (Though you should do that, too.) For starters create a\nLinkedIn page, and put some love into it. “Over the course of your working\nlife, thousands more people are going to see your LinkedIn résumé than your\nreal résumé,” says Sree Sreenivasan, a former professor of social media at the\nColumbia Journalism School who’s now chief digital officer for the\nMetropolitan Museum of Art. Spend extra time on the summary section—“It should\nbe deep,” says Sreenivasan—and update everything, especially the\nrecommendations, even when you’re not actively pursuing a new job. “Potential\nemployers rely on the recommendations,” notes Sreenivasan. “Get them in a\nsmart, judicious way from people who supervise your work when you don’t need\nit—like right after you’ve completed a good project.”\n\n(Photo: Hannah McCaughey)\n\nYou should also have a Twitter account and include links in your bio to your\nhome page (or your current employer’s home page) and your LinkedIn account.\nFollow industry leaders you hope to network with. “Before you reach out to\nsomeone for an introduction, a referral, or a request for a connection, make\nsure you’re already following that person,” suggests Sreenivasan. Your own\ntweets should contain links to stories about the fields you want to work in\nand comments about them.\n\nFinally, keep photos for your social-media accounts simple—“a close-up,\nprofessional head shot,” says Sreenivasan—unless you’re angling for a gig with\na production company.\n\n## 6\\. Don’t Toss Your CV\n\nWhen we asked the executives at leading brands in the outdoor and adventure-\nsports industries how hiring has changed in the social-media age, they all\ngave the same answer: it mostly hasn’t. While creative applications\nhelp—several employers cited candidates who submitted online portfolios,\nvideos, and even product prototypes—you still need a strong cover letter,\nrésumé, and personal references. Keep them one page each. “Six-page résumés\nare ridiculous,” says Sullivan. Focus on the basics before doing anything\nelse. “Don’t go hiring a website designer,” says Sreenivasan, “when you should\nbe cleaning up your LinkedIn profile.”\n\n## 7\\. Stretch Your Network—in Person\n\nThe fact that it’s now so easy to connect with people digitally actually means\nthat in-person meetings and personal referrals carry more weight than ever.\n“We filled 30 percent of our hires last year through referrals,” says\nChristina Gee, recruiting manager at Clif Bar in Emeryville, California.\nGoPro, meanwhile, makes 35 percent of its hires through referrals. Don’t have\na personal connection to a company? Make one. “Find out who you need to know,”\nsays Shawn Heinrichs, photographer, videographer, and founder of Blue Sphere\nMedia. “Then work backward until you have one degree of separation with that\nperson—someone who can get you a meeting.” For Heinrich, a former business\nexecutive, this meant sitting down with Peter Knights, founder of the\nnonprofit WildAid, one of the conservation groups Heinrichs now produces films\nfor.\n\nMegan Miller, founder of Bitty Foods, recommends cold calls. “I’m a huge\nadvocate of taking people out to coffee,” she says. “They’re usually flattered\nwhen you say you want their advice. I’m the most digital person in the world.\nI have a huge LinkedIn network. But there’s no substitute for face time.”\n\nOne surefire way to gain access to personal interactions is by attending\nindustry trade shows and other events where managers are on the lookout for\nnew talent. “Actively recruiting at conferences is probably the best way to\nfind the best people,” says M. Sanjayan, executive VP of Conservation\nInternational. Gear companies converge at the biannual Outdoor Retailer, while\ntravel outfitters gather at the Adventure Travel World Summit. Conservation\ngroups recruit at events like the Aspen Environmental Forum and the\nInternational Congress for Conservation Biology.\n\n(Photo: Hannah McCaughey)\n\nBut you don’t need to wait for the big summit. Whether you live in Austin or\nAnchorage, you can find gatherings of people with similar professional\ninterests using forums like MeetUp and FindSpark. “Going to entrepreneurial\nand startup meetings really helped me,” says Ministry of Supply’s Kit Hickey,\nwho went to every gathering she could after moving to Boston to attend\nbusiness school. “I saw people making similar changes. It made me feel less\nalone.”\n\nFinally, when networking, keep in mind that you’re working, not dating. “Don’t\nlay out all your woes and troubles,” says Sanjayan. “I can’t tell you how many\npeople come to talk to me and say so much that I’m pretty sure I won’t be\nrecommending them to anyone else. Remember: your goal is to get into the\ninterview room.”\n\n## 8\\. Seal the Deal\n\nOnce you secure an interview, prepare. Set up a Google news alert for the\ncompany, look into press coverage from the past five years, and reach out to\npeople who have worked there and moved on. You want to go in knowing your\nstuff. “Not being prepared about a company’s history—that wouldn’t bode well\nhere,” says Pearce of the North Face. Also, bring a bottle of water and some\nenergy bars. Patagonia interviews last a full day. Potential GoPro media-team\nhires are brought in for a weeklong trial run.\n\nAfter your interview, send a thank-you e-mail—fast. “I’d even recommend\ndrafting a rough follow-up before the interview,” says Emily Miethner, founder\nof FindSpark. “Then quickly add in thoughts on specific things you discussed\nto personalize it.” Miethner also suggests creating another touchpoint outside\ne-mail. “This could be adding the person you interviewed with on LinkedIn—send\na custom message—or retweeting a tweet from the company,” she says.\n\nIf you aren’t offered the job, focus on the fact that getting in the door was\na huge step. Acquit yourself professionally and chances are you’ll get a\nsecond look down the line. “The first job I applied for out of grad school, I\ngot an interview but didn’t land the job,” says Sanjayan. “The second job I\napplied for, with the Nature Conservancy, I didn’t even make the interview\ncut.” But he kept in touch with the organization and was eventually brought on\nas a lead scientist.\n\nIf you do get an offer, don’t take it right away: this is the time to\nnegotiate things like more time off or the ability to work remotely. Once\nyou’re hired, your leverage is gone.\n\nFrom Outside Magazine, Nov 2014\n\nFiled To: Best JobsMediaAthletesScienceNatureExplorationOutdoor SkillsUnited\nStatesDesign and TechOutside Features\n\nLead Photo: Hannah McCaughey\n\nSee More\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nText\n\nEmail\n\n### Our Mission\n\nTo inspire active participation in the world outside through award-winning\ncoverage of the sports, people, places, adventure, discoveries, health and\nfitness, gear and apparel, trends and events that make up an active lifestyle.\n\n### Newsletter Sign Up\n\nSubscribe to our What You Missed newsletter for the top headlines from the\noutdoor world, in your inbox six days a week. Looking for something else?\nCheck out our entire suite of free newsletters here.\n\nThanks for signing up! Find more newsletters on our newsletter sign-up page.\n\n### Additional Links\n\n© 2021 Outside Integrated Media, LLC\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://thriftynomads.com/how-to-find-work-abroad-jobs-online-travel-the-world/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210119190123/https://thriftynomads.com/how-to-find-work-abroad-jobs-online-travel-the-world/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Find Work Abroad Jobs Online & Travel The World", "passages": [ "You can hardly go one day without hearing some story about a friend of a friend who just got back from a trip traveling the world on a dime, taking jobs in every city, and meeting incredible people. Whether working on a cruise ship or teaching English on a tropical island, it seems like everyone knows SOMEONE who has worked abroad and had the “trip of a lifetime”.", "But the stories rarely include how did they get those jobs? Where did they go to find out about them?", "There’s a good chance that the story you are hearing is about someone who simply found their work abroad opportunity through a search on the internet – and you can too! Here's how to locate and contact jobs that will help you have more immersive, unique travel experiences while exploring your next favorite destination on a budget.", "The great thing about working on the internet is that you can work from anywhere! These days, all you need is a decent internet connection and a webcam in order to get a job teaching English. VIPKid is a website that pays $17-22/hour to teachers to work 1:1 with Chinese students learning English. You need a bachelor's degree as well as a year's worth of teaching experience to qualify. The curriculum is provided to teachers, and you don't have to worry about communicating with parents. You can work part-time on a schedule that suits you. Perfect for making money while travelling!", "A useful and inspiring resource to start looking for job listings abroad is on work/exchange/volunteer abroad boards and websites. Job boards include current listings of companies and people looking for help, with jobs big and small, categorized specifically to help you search. Each site is different, but it is common to see work listed by location, job skills and hobbies/interests.", "Boards such as Cool Works, Season Workers, Hostel Jobs, and The Jobs Abroad Bulletin help you find contacts as well as browse ideas about possibilities and paths that you may not have even considered. Some sites also have an area where you can post who you are and what you can offer to help employers find you.", "Keep an open mind about location. This world is huge and there are many outstanding opportunities out there in places that may not be on your Top 10 List... yet!", "Make sure to keep track of all your favorite work/exchange/volunteer abroad boards on a document (such as a Google Doc) with a clickable list of links so you can go back and check them every few days. Just like getting a good flight deal, finding work isn’t usually a one-day event, so start looking early and do it often.", "Get connected to the most recent job openings by watching posts on social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter. Join groups and work with other travelers to share information about irresistible opportunities for jobs overseas.", "Groups on Facebook are often titled following work abroad themes like Working Nomad and Volunteering and Paid Work – NOMADS. Get creative with zany word combinations, searching phrases centered around work and travel and you will have a list of groups to follow in minutes.", "Push yourself to use travel magazines in a new way. Instead of reading the articles about how other people paid for their travel, flip to the back and check out the travel company ads. Go directly to the websites of those tour companies and find their Employment, Careers, or Volunteer page.", "Many adventure companies like OX Expeditions in Guatemala, G Adventures, and Backroads have ads on their own websites looking for intrepid travelers to fill all sorts of short and long-term positions that are not advertised anywhere else. In addition to money, travel companies can get you on thrilling excursions that may have otherwise blown your travel budget to pieces.", "Based on your research, make a list of locations you may want to work in and places you want to visit. Then, search online for hostels in the area and send them each a detailed email asking if they know of anyone looking for an extra hand including your availability, a resume and a picture.", "Like restaurants, hostels come in many sizes and shapes, offering different benefits to you for employment. Explore every option including both independently owned hostels and larger, countrywide chains to find the work that fits you for the experience you can’t wait to begin.", "Large hostel chains like YHA Hostel in the U.K., Hostelling International in the US, and Oasis Hostels in Europe have dedicated programs for both work and volunteer opportunities that can help you gain experience (and confidence!) from working in a hostel for the first time, as well as guide you to your next hostel job with the same company in a different city.", "Never forget, fellow travellers work in hostels worldwide, so striking up a conversation at dinner about job openings while staying at a hostel may perhaps be the best way to find honest reviews of truly valuable work opportunities. Getting the juicy, first-hand details from other adventurers can yield excellent contacts and realistic expectations.", "As you start to find work and volunteer opportunities that you find alluring, you may notice that job postings online are very informal. Many companies offer work with descriptions limited to simply one or two exciting lines and an email address, with easy to respond to ads in places like Facebook.", "Take a moment to read through the ad several times to follow all instructions and decide whether you could actually travel for the required period.", "Every work opportunity should be evaluated carefully because you are competing with other travellers who are also very qualified. If you do not follow the stated instructions, it tells the Hiring Manager that you may not be a great fit for the job.", "Creating a strong application for work abroad jobs online is a unique process that allows a chance for you to explain who you are, and why you would be such a great asset at the company where you are applying.", "Though it may not have been asked for, many companies LOVE extra info that makes you stand out from the giant pile of emails they have to sort through.", "Squeeze in tidbits about other things you can do and would like to learn—remember, a work abroad job may be looking for skills like photography and cooking which weren’t listed in the ad, but could land you the work you want!", "As you start to search for work/exchange boards and websites, you will find many which are free and a few which have a fee to use. For example, some job boards are free to post on for the employer, but charge the potential employee money to get the key information such as contact information. Others charge you to book your exchange.", "Delay paying for any information until you have done many searches and understand what kind of opportunity you would like to find. There are several legitimate work exchange websites such as HelpX, Workaway and Worldpackers that have a moderate annual fee/charge with great value. There are other job websites that may not be worth taking some of your precious travel funds.", "Keep in mind that sites with fees often come up first in an online search, but do not always have exclusive information. In the end, a few more hours looking through free websites may yield the same job ads and save you a good chunk of money.", "Just like any job in your home country, wages for work abroad can vary dramatically based on many factors including your time commitment, experience, language skills, and certifications.", "If you are looking for a short-term commitment (less than 3 months) it is common to earn enough to live in the area you are visiting. Often, housing and food (and incredible stories) are given in exchange for your efforts, making it possible to spend almost nothing, but earn very little cash.", "Paid Hostel Manager Position At Hostel First Mirissa in Sri Lanka offers bed, two meals a day and a salary of 40,000 RS per month for their management position. 40,000 RS roughly converts to $265, which goes VERY far in Sri Lanka, but may seem small in your hometown.", "A recently posted kayak and canoe guide position in Alaska offers to pay $12USD per hour plus tips. This position requires no previous experience, and would be a great starter job in a unique setting.", "In March 2017, The Lodge in Portugal advertised on a Facebook work and travel group that they were looking for fun and energetic seasonal staff for both volunteer and full-time jobs. Some of these included cleaning, driving, maintenance, gardening, cooking and/or working as a yoga or biking teacher. They offered free housing within walking distance of the beach and use of all sports equipment including surfboards and climbing gear. Salary based on experience was offered for full-time staff, short-term volunteers worked 30 hours per week and earned 75 Euros per week.", "Short-term work abroad typically has an emphasis on the experience, not how it will flood your bank account. Therefore, take into account any other payment bonuses available such as language or sport instruction and cooking lessons when deciding which job “pays the best.”", "Work visas are certainly required in some countries to earn in a paid position. Work visas are issued on short-term and long-term basis, but you often need to apply for them BEFORE you enter the foreign country where you would like to work.", "When you find a job that you are interested in, look up the requirements for work visas in that country for your nationality. A good place to start is the travel advisory website for your country, or check out VisaHQ, which not only has extensive information on visa requirements, but let's you quickly apply for a visa online and have it shipped to your home.", "Each country has different rules for paid employment, some which include maximum age, type of work, language abilities and more. Many travelers choose to do exchanges and volunteering rather than take paid work because they do not have a work visa. Research the rules early and how closely they are followed!", "Determining whether the advertised job you have found online is as dreamy as it seems is a more difficult task than going to an interview in your hometown. There is always a risk that you will travel to a distant location for a job at a sunny paradise resort to find a ramshackle hut and an outhouse with no toilet paper.", "To avoid a disastrous outcome, contact people at the work opportunity and ask a lot of questions. Email and speak to other employees before committing to the opportunity. You are allowed to ask for recommendations, details about the realities, and tons of photos.", "Then, create a back-up plan, print it out, and carry it with you. Have enough funds available to get yourself out of the situation if you arrive and it is unsafe or a major scam. Have a written plan of a place nearby with affordable accommodation, cash to catch a taxi, and perhaps another job idea. The adventure is not over if you arrive and someone has been less than honest with you. Be ready for change and you will have a great story!", "With a little bit of patience, looking for work abroad online can be a fun way to learn about new areas and find jaw-dropping opportunities that you had never heard about. Do your research, have an unbelievable trip and get ready for people to start telling your story to their friends!", "Adam & Christine are full-time experienced adventure guides with 17 years combined experience traveling and working around the world. Over the years, they’ve kayaked, scuba dived, hiked, cooked, cleaned, photographed and climbed through 32 countries, earning our travel funds along the way and are still on the road today.", "We’re Jen and Ted, a Canadian couple with a passion to inspire affordable travel. 6 years ago we ditched our jobs, sold everything & pursued a life outside the 9-5 bubble. We learned travel doesn’t have to be pricey, and created this blog to prove it. We haven't looked back since!", "Our website contains some affiliate links in relevant areas. This means we get a small commission, at no extra cost to you, for recommending a product we personally use, trust, and own." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Find Work Abroad Jobs Online & Travel The World - Thrifty Nomads\n\n * About\n * FAQs\n * Jobs\n * Press\n * Contact\n\n * Search\n\n * Budget Travel\n\n * Fly Cheap\n * Drive Cheap\n * Sleep Cheap\n * Get Inspired\n * Money, Health & Safety\n * Packing, Planning, Saving\n * Work & Travel\n * Save At Home\n * Destinations\n\n * Australia / New Zealand\n * Asia\n * Canada\n * China\n * Europe\n * Eastern Europe\n * Japan\n * South America\n * United States\n * Points Travel\n\n * The BEST Travel Credit Card\n * How to Get FREE Flights with Points\n * The Best No Foreign Transaction Fee Cards to use Overseas\n * Resources\n\n# How to Find Work Abroad Jobs Online & Travel The World\n\nChristine West and Adam MaireMarch 8, 2017\n\nHome\n\nWork & Travel\n\nYou can hardly go one day without hearing some story about a friend of a\nfriend who just got back from a trip traveling the world on a dime, taking\njobs in every city, and meeting incredible people. Whether working on a cruise\nship or teaching English on a tropical island, it seems like everyone knows\nSOMEONE who has worked abroad and had the “trip of a lifetime”.\n\nBut the stories rarely include how did they get those jobs? Where did they go\nto find out about them?\n\nThere’s a good chance that the story you are hearing is about someone who\nsimply found their work abroad opportunity through a search on the internet –\nand you can too! Here's how to locate and contact jobs that will help you have\nmore immersive, unique travel experiences while exploring your next favorite\ndestination on a budget.\n\nContents\n\n * 1 1. Find work abroad job listings\n * 2 2. Review the job requirements thoroughly\n * 3 3. Submit your application\n * 4 Finding Work Abroad Jobs Online: FAQs\n * 5 How much do work abroad jobs pay?\n * 6 Do I need a work visa to work abroad?\n * 7 Are work abroad jobs online actually legitimate?\n * 8 The Thrifty Gist\n\n## 1\\. Find work abroad job listings\n\n### Teach English online\n\nThe great thing about working on the internet is that you can work from\nanywhere! These days, all you need is a decent internet connection and a\nwebcam in order to get a job teaching English. VIPKid is a website that pays\n$17-22/hour to teachers to work 1:1 with Chinese students learning English.\nYou need a bachelor's degree as well as a year's worth of teaching experience\nto qualify. The curriculum is provided to teachers, and you don't have to\nworry about communicating with parents. You can work part-time on a schedule\nthat suits you. Perfect for making money while travelling!\n\n### Check work abroad job boards\n\nA useful and inspiring resource to start looking for job listings abroad is on\nwork/exchange/volunteer abroad boards and websites. Job boards include current\nlistings of companies and people looking for help, with jobs big and small,\ncategorized specifically to help you search. Each site is different, but it is\ncommon to see work listed by location, job skills and hobbies/interests.\n\nBoards such as Cool Works, Season Workers, Hostel Jobs, and The Jobs Abroad\nBulletin help you find contacts as well as browse ideas about possibilities\nand paths that you may not have even considered. Some sites also have an area\nwhere you can post who you are and what you can offer to help employers find\nyou.\n\nKeep an open mind about location. This world is huge and there are many\noutstanding opportunities out there in places that may not be on your Top 10\nList... yet!\n\nMake sure to keep track of all your favorite work/exchange/volunteer abroad\nboards on a document (such as a Google Doc) with a clickable list of links so\nyou can go back and check them every few days. Just like getting a good flight\ndeal, finding work isn’t usually a one-day event, so start looking early and\ndo it often.\n\n### Stalk social media\n\nGet connected to the most recent job openings by watching posts on social\nmedia sites such as Facebook and Twitter. Join groups and work with other\ntravelers to share information about irresistible opportunities for jobs\noverseas.\n\nGroups on Facebook are often titled following work abroad themes like Working\nNomad and Volunteering and Paid Work – NOMADS. Get creative with zany word\ncombinations, searching phrases centered around work and travel and you will\nhave a list of groups to follow in minutes.\n\n### Enquire with travel & adventure companies\n\nPush yourself to use travel magazines in a new way. Instead of reading the\narticles about how other people paid for their travel, flip to the back and\ncheck out the travel company ads. Go directly to the websites of those tour\ncompanies and find their Employment, Careers, or Volunteer page.\n\nMany adventure companies like OX Expeditions in Guatemala, G Adventures, and\nBackroads have ads on their own websites looking for intrepid travelers to\nfill all sorts of short and long-term positions that are not advertised\nanywhere else. In addition to money, travel companies can get you on thrilling\nexcursions that may have otherwise blown your travel budget to pieces.\n\n### Ask hostels\n\nBased on your research, make a list of locations you may want to work in and\nplaces you want to visit. Then, search online for hostels in the area and send\nthem each a detailed email asking if they know of anyone looking for an extra\nhand including your availability, a resume and a picture.\n\nLike restaurants, hostels come in many sizes and shapes, offering different\nbenefits to you for employment. Explore every option including both\nindependently owned hostels and larger, countrywide chains to find the work\nthat fits you for the experience you can’t wait to begin.\n\nLarge hostel chains like YHA Hostel in the U.K., Hostelling International in\nthe US, and Oasis Hostels in Europe have dedicated programs for both work and\nvolunteer opportunities that can help you gain experience (and confidence!)\nfrom working in a hostel for the first time, as well as guide you to your next\nhostel job with the same company in a different city.\n\nNever forget, fellow travellers work in hostels worldwide, so striking up a\nconversation at dinner about job openings while staying at a hostel may\nperhaps be the best way to find honest reviews of truly valuable work\nopportunities. Getting the juicy, first-hand details from other adventurers\ncan yield excellent contacts and realistic expectations.\n\n## 2\\. Review the job requirements thoroughly\n\nAs you start to find work and volunteer opportunities that you find alluring,\nyou may notice that job postings online are very informal. Many companies\noffer work with descriptions limited to simply one or two exciting lines and\nan email address, with easy to respond to ads in places like Facebook.\n\nDo not hit the Comment or Reply buttons just yet! This is your opportunity to\nshine.\n\nTake a moment to read through the ad several times to follow all instructions\nand decide whether you could actually travel for the required period.\n\nEvery work opportunity should be evaluated carefully because you are competing\nwith other travellers who are also very qualified. If you do not follow the\nstated instructions, it tells the Hiring Manager that you may not be a great\nfit for the job.\n\n## 3\\. Submit your application\n\nCreating a strong application for work abroad jobs online is a unique process\nthat allows a chance for you to explain who you are, and why you would be such\na great asset at the company where you are applying.\n\nMost applications begin with an emailed application, so make sure it includes\nabsolutely everything requested in the ad.\n\nBut don’t stop there!\n\nThough it may not have been asked for, many companies LOVE extra info that\nmakes you stand out from the giant pile of emails they have to sort through.\n\nDare to not only send a CV/resume, but also:\n\n * Craft a cover letter designed specifically for the company and job\n * Attach a photo of yourself, one that shows you wearing what you would wear to work at this job\n * List nationality, certifications, work AND volunteer experience\n * Detail languages that you can speak, read and write (even at a beginner’s level)\n * Squeeze in tidbits about other things you can do and would like to learn—remember, a work abroad job may be looking for skills like photography and cooking which weren’t listed in the ad, but could land you the work you want!\n\n## Finding Work Abroad Jobs Online: FAQs\n\n### Should I pay to be part of work/volunteer abroad websites?\n\nAs you start to search for work/exchange boards and websites, you will find\nmany which are free and a few which have a fee to use. For example, some job\nboards are free to post on for the employer, but charge the potential employee\nmoney to get the key information such as contact information. Others charge\nyou to book your exchange.\n\nDelay paying for any information until you have done many searches and\nunderstand what kind of opportunity you would like to find. There are several\nlegitimate work exchange websites such as HelpX, Workaway and Worldpackers\nthat have a moderate annual fee/charge with great value. There are other job\nwebsites that may not be worth taking some of your precious travel funds.\n\nKeep in mind that sites with fees often come up first in an online search, but\ndo not always have exclusive information. In the end, a few more hours looking\nthrough free websites may yield the same job ads and save you a good chunk of\nmoney.\n\n## How much do work abroad jobs pay?\n\nJust like any job in your home country, wages for work abroad can vary\ndramatically based on many factors including your time commitment, experience,\nlanguage skills, and certifications.\n\nIf you are looking for a short-term commitment (less than 3 months) it is\ncommon to earn enough to live in the area you are visiting. Often, housing and\nfood (and incredible stories) are given in exchange for your efforts, making\nit possible to spend almost nothing, but earn very little cash.\n\nHere are a couple of recent examples:\n\n * Paid Hostel Manager Position At Hostel First Mirissa in Sri Lanka offers bed, two meals a day and a salary of 40,000 RS per month for their management position. 40,000 RS roughly converts to $265, which goes VERY far in Sri Lanka, but may seem small in your hometown.\n * A recently posted kayak and canoe guide position in Alaska offers to pay $12USD per hour plus tips. This position requires no previous experience, and would be a great starter job in a unique setting.\n * In March 2017, The Lodge in Portugal advertised on a Facebook work and travel group that they were looking for fun and energetic seasonal staff for both volunteer and full-time jobs. Some of these included cleaning, driving, maintenance, gardening, cooking and/or working as a yoga or biking teacher. They offered free housing within walking distance of the beach and use of all sports equipment including surfboards and climbing gear. Salary based on experience was offered for full-time staff, short-term volunteers worked 30 hours per week and earned 75 Euros per week.\n\nShort-term work abroad typically has an emphasis on the experience, not how it\nwill flood your bank account. Therefore, take into account any other payment\nbonuses available such as language or sport instruction and cooking lessons\nwhen deciding which job “pays the best.”\n\n## Do I need a work visa to work abroad?\n\nWork visas are certainly required in some countries to earn in a paid\nposition. Work visas are issued on short-term and long-term basis, but you\noften need to apply for them BEFORE you enter the foreign country where you\nwould like to work.\n\nWhen you find a job that you are interested in, look up the requirements for\nwork visas in that country for your nationality. A good place to start is the\ntravel advisory website for your country, or check out VisaHQ, which not only\nhas extensive information on visa requirements, but let's you quickly apply\nfor a visa online and have it shipped to your home.\n\nEach country has different rules for paid employment, some which include\nmaximum age, type of work, language abilities and more. Many travelers choose\nto do exchanges and volunteering rather than take paid work because they do\nnot have a work visa. Research the rules early and how closely they are\nfollowed!\n\n## Are work abroad jobs online actually legitimate?\n\nDetermining whether the advertised job you have found online is as dreamy as\nit seems is a more difficult task than going to an interview in your hometown.\nThere is always a risk that you will travel to a distant location for a job at\na sunny paradise resort to find a ramshackle hut and an outhouse with no\ntoilet paper.\n\nTo avoid a disastrous outcome, contact people at the work opportunity and ask\na lot of questions. Email and speak to other employees before committing to\nthe opportunity. You are allowed to ask for recommendations, details about the\nrealities, and tons of photos.\n\nThen, create a back-up plan, print it out, and carry it with you. Have enough\nfunds available to get yourself out of the situation if you arrive and it is\nunsafe or a major scam. Have a written plan of a place nearby with affordable\naccommodation, cash to catch a taxi, and perhaps another job idea. The\nadventure is not over if you arrive and someone has been less than honest with\nyou. Be ready for change and you will have a great story!\n\n## The Thrifty Gist\n\n * Find a work abroad websites and exchange boards, then check them often!\n * Join travel job groups on social media to get more posts on work in your daily feed\n * Email hostels with your photo and resume for tips about open positions in their area\n * Ask potential jobs important questions, request pictures, and chat with current employees\n * Research work visas and apply for visas BEFORE you enter the country\n * Be prepared for the unexpected and remember this adventure is all about the experience!\n\nWith a little bit of patience, looking for work abroad online can be a fun way\nto learn about new areas and find jaw-dropping opportunities that you had\nnever heard about. Do your research, have an unbelievable trip and get ready\nfor people to start telling your story to their friends!\n\n### Related\n\n> Thrifty Nomads\n\nChristine West and Adam Maire\n\nAdam & Christine are full-time experienced adventure guides with 17 years\ncombined experience traveling and working around the world. Over the years,\nthey’ve kayaked, scuba dived, hiked, cooked, cleaned, photographed and climbed\nthrough 32 countries, earning our travel funds along the way and are still on\nthe road today.\n\n### Comments\n\n### Hey there!\n\nWe’re Jen and Ted, a Canadian couple with a passion to inspire affordable\ntravel. 6 years ago we ditched our jobs, sold everything & pursued a life\noutside the 9-5 bubble. We learned travel doesn’t have to be pricey, and\ncreated this blog to prove it. We haven't looked back since!\n\nRead on and get to know us better!\n\n### Newsletter\n\n### Like Us\n\n> Thrifty Nomads\n\n * About\n * FAQs\n * Jobs\n * Press\n * Contact\n\n© 2020 Thrifty Nomads • All Rights Reserved • Privacy Policy\n\nOur website contains some affiliate links in relevant areas. This means we get\na small commission, at no extra cost to you, for recommending a product we\npersonally use, trust, and own.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/outside-voices-careers/2015/10/27/the-10-best-websites-to-find-jobs", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170405075239/http://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/outside-voices-careers/2015/10/27/the-10-best-websites-to-find-jobs", "parsed_text": { "title": "The 10 Best Websites to Find Jobs", "passages": [ "From combing through job boards to impressing the hiring manager in an interview, here’s how to navigate the job application process.", "Here’s what hiring managers look for when interviewing potential job candidates, including how they expect applicants to dress and respond to the most common interview questions.", "Discover how to negotiate salary, ask for a raise and request benefits. Plus, keep an eye out for the employee benefit trends that are gaining popularity.", "In our transaction-based, search-oriented society, it's no surprise that the first thing you're likely to do when looking for a new job is find and respond to online job advertisements.", "After all, shouldn't it be as easy as typing a few search terms that describe what you are looking for in a new position; convincing yourself that you would just love a chance to do whatever might pop up in your search results; applying and interviewing; and starting your new job a week later? Dream on!", "It takes some time to sort out which posted positions are best suited for you, and you can't just rely on the job title, location or employer rating.", "As human resources thought leader John Sullivan argues on the ERE Media website: \"As a result of not actually spending the necessary time reviewing and side-by-side comparing the requirements to their own qualifications, job applicants end up applying for many jobs where they have no chance of being selected.\" When you apply to anything and everything, it shouldn't come as a surprise when you wind up with nothing!", "You should, however, spend time – as a first step – checking what jobs are out there. Then use the information you gain to research companies, talk to people you know who work in those places and network your way into the position for which you represent a truly strong fit.", "1. Company websites: Virtually every company has a section on its site for employer branding (telling you what a great place it is to work for and why) and specific jobs it is seeking to fill. Typically, they encourage you to apply directly online.", "What companies don't necessarily say is that this part of their site either takes you outside the site or to a page that its applicant tracking system vendor mocked up to look like the company site.", "Even if your application is coming through an employee referral or your own direct networking into the company, you'll likely need to apply online at some point in the process. This step helps human resources track and stay on top of all applicants and demonstrate nondiscriminatory hiring if the company is audited by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.", "2. Traditional Job Boards: In the early days of the Internet, there were lots of job boards, but they've since been merged and otherwise winnowed down. The two giants remain CareerBuilder and Monster.", "3. Specialty Job Boards: There are many niche job boards tailored to serve only a single industry, skill set or professional group. A few examples: Medzilla for the pharmaceutical and biotech industries; CollegeRecruiter for recent grads looking for entry-level positions; and Dice for IT and software engineering positions. Also, DiversityJobs focuses on positions for minority groups. The list goes on and on!", "4. Professional Organization Sites: Many professional organizations host their own job boards for the exclusive use of their members. Examples include the American Institute of CPAs and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). And there are many more!", "5. LinkedIn: One could legitimately include LinkedIn's main Jobs tab among the giants, given that any recruiter or company can pay to list a job they are seeking to fill. Yet, LinkedIn goes beyond job-searching functions with its social features that enable you to see which of your connections works at target companies.", "LinkedIn also offers jobs in each of its Groups, and those postings can only be seen by Group members. This thereby allows employers to limit the likely number of spurious applicants.", "6. Aggregators: Sites such as Indeed and SimplyHired provide employer- and recruiter-paid ads, but they also go well beyond by scraping the Internet and reposting millions of jobs they find on all kinds of sites.", "A search on either of these sites will provide you with ads from all over, which saves you time. But the downside is that these sites often don't take jobs down once they are filled. (Once I found a job that had been filled more than five years ago.)", "7. Google and Yahoo Groups: Both Google and Yahoo have their own groups. You can often find a group dedicated to your area of interest or geography with positions listed.", "8. Facebook: Facebook recently announced that it has indexed 2 trillion prior public posts and made them searchable by anyone. While this function is likely to raise some controversy and privacy concerns, it will have a myriad of uses, including those for job hunters.", "9. College Alumni Groups: In order to retain the loyalty of alumni and entice prospective students, most colleges offer career service help of one sort or another to alumni. Often, this includes an online listing of job vacancies.", "10: Twitter. One of the most overlooked but right-in-front-of-you sites for job postings is Twitter. Companies and recruiters often tweet out their most recent or challenging jobs to fill, along with links to full descriptions and instructions for how to apply. Applications like Tweetmyjobs send alerts to you when you sign up and tell it what you're interested in receiving.", "Remember: Your real work as a job hunter, however, lies not in just finding the position of your dreams, but dramatically increasing your chances of success by networking your way into your target company, armed with the knowledge that a potential good fit is in the offing.", "Arnie Fertig, MPA, is passionate about helping his Jobhuntercoach clients advance their careers by transforming frantic \"I'll apply to anything\" searches into focused hunts for \"great fit\" opportunities. He brings to each client the extensive knowledge he gained when working in HR staffing and managing his boutique recruiting firm.", "Are your eyes glazing over from staring at the computer – refreshing the online job search engines every other minute and blindly emailing résumés? Sorry, but while this passive job-search strategy is easy, \"it’s the lazy thing to do, and it's very unproductive,\" says Andrea Kay, career consultant and author of \"This Is How To Get Your Next Job.\" Don't abandon your online tools altogether, but consider these other ways to complement your job search.", "Take a step back and think about who you are as a worker. How would you describe your strengths, attitude and reputation? How do you want employers and professional connections to see you? Are there specific companies you're targeting? The information you gather \"helps you understand the work you do best, and it helps you identify what kinds of cultures and environments you work in best in,\" Kay says. \"And then it’s information later you use to help market yourself.\"", "Don't \"connect\" with or \"friend\" or \"follow\" someone online. Meet her for coffee. \"Live human beings are still your most direct route to finding not just a job, but the job you want,\" Kay says. Start with people you know: alumni, former co-workers or bosses, clients, friends of family and so on. \"You know a lot of people if you actually think about it,\" Kay says.", "\"If you go into this thinking it’s all about getting contacts and discovering jobs, you will trip yourself up,\" Kay says, adding that most people make this mistake. \"That’s insulting. It says: 'I don’t really care what you know; I just want to know who you know.'\" Instead, ask for advice, and listen to their fresh perspective. \"I can’t emphasize enough how fruitful a conversation like that can be,\" she says. Plus, make a good impression, and this person is more inclined to remember you for future opportunities.", "Getting coffee with someone usually starts with getting acquainted, and that often happens at large events designed for folks to do just that. Whether it's through MeetUp or Eventbrite happenings, local meetings of your industry association or even a friend's potluck, be open to making personal relationships professional.", "Say you know of companies you want to work for but don't have any ins. Identify the manager of the target department, research his company's goals and latest news, and then write him a note. While writing, keep in mind that companies \"hire people to help solve their problems or achieve a goal,\" Kay says. So, in the note, \"you’re not asking for a job. You’re asking for an opportunity to show how you can help him achieve his goal.\"", "Here are the five rules for following up, according to Robin Reshwan, U.S. News blogger and founder of the consulting and staffing firm Collegial Services. \"The art of a politely persistent follow-up is what distinguishes high-performing employees in every job function from those that just wait for things to fall in their lap,\" she writes. \"It makes perfect sense that employers will respond well to a job seeker that exhibits this skill since it is so professionally relevant.\"", "Aside from the obvious (and important) merits of helping others, Kay points out that volunteering helps job seekers, too. \"It keeps you fresh and energetic,\" for one, she says, plus it connects you with new people and, in future interviews, separates you from candidates who spent their down time staring at job boards and binging on \"Game of Thrones.\" Career coach and U.S. News blogger Arnie Fertig describes more ways volunteering helps job seekers and how to find opportunities.", "Learn to code. Take a public speaking course. Brush up on your Spanish. The more you continue to learn, the more you stand out as a job candidate. And like the volunteer work, it'll show potential employers you're game to take initiative. Miriam Salpeter, U.S. News blogger and author of \"Social Networking for Business Success,\" describes four career-boosting skills and websites that will help you learn them.", "Remember the meaningful connections you made over coffee and at networking events? Remember the hiring manager you followed up with or wrote a note to? Those people will Google you, so make sure they find a positive and professional presence with these 10 tips for building your personal brand.", "Arnie Fertig is the founder and CEO of Jobhuntercoach. He coaches clients nationwide on the nuts and bolts of job hunting based on his extensive experience in all aspects of human resources staffing, owning and managing his own boutique recruiting firm for 10 years, and working with high-level individual contributors, managers and executives to advance their careers. His approximately 200 articles in U.S. News & World Report’s On Careers blog cover all areas of the job search process including: strategies, resume writing, LinkedIn, interviewing and compensation negotiation. Arnie holds a Master’s Degree in Public Administration from Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. You can connect with him on LinkedIn, follow him on Twitter @jobhuntercoach, or circle him on Google+.", "U.S. News has analyzed 183 jobs over 12 industries and categories. Use our advanced search tool to find the jobs that are right for you." ] }, "parsed_md": "The 10 Best Websites to Find Jobs | On Careers | US News\n\n * Best Jobs\n * Applying\n * Interviewing\n * Salaries & Benefits\n * Work Culture\n\n * News & Opinion\n\n * BACK\n * News & Opinion\n * News\n * Opinion\n * Photos\n * Video\n * Best Countries\n * Best States\n * The Report\n * Education\n\n * BACK\n * Education\n * Higher Education\n\n * Rankings\n * Colleges\n * Grad Schools\n * Online Programs\n * Global\n * Advice\n * High Schools\n\n * Rankings\n * Advice\n * Health\n\n * BACK\n * Health\n * Wellness\n\n * Best Diets\n * Food\n * Fitness\n * Family\n * Mind\n * Aging\n * Health Living\n * Healthcare\n\n * Doctors\n * Hospitals\n * Senior Care\n * Money\n\n * BACK\n * Money\n * Careers\n\n * Best Jobs\n * Applying\n * Interviewing\n * Salaries & Benefits\n * Work Culture\n * Investing\n\n * Rankings\n * Stocks\n * Mutual Funds\n * ETFs\n * Financial Advisors\n * 529s\n * Advice\n * Personal Finance\n * Real Estate\n\n * Places\n * Agents\n * Advice\n * Retirement\n * Travel\n\n * BACK\n * Travel\n * * Vacations\n * Hotels\n * Cruises\n * Rewards\n * Advice\n * Cars\n\n * BACK\n * Cars\n * * Rankings\n * New\n * Used\n * Financing\n * Advice\n * Law Firms\n\n * BACK\n * Law Firms\n * * Law Firms\n * Practice Areas\n * Real Estate\n\n * BACK\n * Real Estate\n\n * Contact\n * Employment\n * Advertising\n * Privacy / Terms & Conditions\n\n * How We Rank Jobs\n\n#### The 100 Best Jobs\n\n * #1\n\nDentist\n\n * #2\n\nNurse Practitioner\n\n * #3\n\nPhysician Assistant\n\n * #4\n\nStatistician\n\n * #5\n\nOrthodontist\n\nFull rankings list\n\n#### More Jobs Rankings\n\n * Health Care\n * Technology\n * Business\n * Social Services\n * Health Care Support\n * Sales and Marketing\n * See all rankings lists »\n\n#### Most Popular Jobs\n\n * Physician Assistant\n * Physical Therapist\n * Software Developer\n * Registered Nurse\n * Esthetician and Skincare Specialist\n * Search all jobs »\n\n#### Applying\n\nFrom combing through job boards to impressing the hiring manager in an\ninterview, here’s how to navigate the job application process.\n\n5 Things to Consider When You Are Preparing for a Job Interview\n\nThe 7 Best Maintenance and Repair Jobs for 2017\n\nThe 3 Best Ways to Get Hired Today\n\n#### Interviewing\n\nHere’s what hiring managers look for when interviewing potential job\ncandidates, including how they expect applicants to dress and respond to the\nmost common interview questions.\n\n5 Things to Consider When You Are Preparing for a Job Interview\n\nThe 3 Best Ways to Get Hired Today\n\n3 Pieces of Job Search Advice That Don't Work in Real Life\n\n#### Salaries & Benefits\n\nDiscover how to negotiate salary, ask for a raise and request benefits. Plus,\nkeep an eye out for the employee benefit trends that are gaining popularity.\n\nOn Equal Pay Day, 4 Reasons Women Make Less Money Than Men\n\nThe 3 Best Ways to Get Hired Today\n\n3 Pieces of Job Search Advice That Don't Work in Real Life\n\n#### Work Culture\n\nNavigate office politics with these tips on networking, office etiquette,\ngetting along with co-workers and socializing in the office.\n\nThe 3 Best Ways to Get Hired Today\n\n3 Pieces of Job Search Advice That Don't Work in Real Life\n\nWe Must Change the Workplace to Accept Women's Strengths and Capabilities\n\n * Careers\n * On Careers\n\n# The 10 Best Websites to Find Jobs\n\n### These job-search websites range from niche job boards and alumni pages to\nsocial media platforms.\n\nBy Arnie Fertig, Contributor | Oct. 27, 2015, at 10:06 a.m.\n\nMORE\n\n * LinkedIn\n * StumbleUpon\n * Google +\n * Cancel\n\nThe 10 Best Websites to Find Jobs\n\nIf you have a target employer in mind, search its company website for job\nopportunities. (Hero Images/ Getty Images)\n\nIn our transaction-based, search-oriented society, it's no surprise that the\nfirst thing you're likely to do when looking for a new job is find and respond\nto online job advertisements.\n\nAfter all, shouldn't it be as easy as typing a few search terms that describe\nwhat you are looking for in a new position; convincing yourself that you would\njust love a chance to do whatever might pop up in your search results;\napplying and interviewing; and starting your new job a week later? Dream on!\n\nIt takes some time to sort out which posted positions are best suited for you,\nand you can't just rely on the job title, location or employer rating.\n\nAs human resources thought leader John Sullivan argues on the ERE Media\nwebsite: \"As a result of not actually spending the necessary time reviewing\nand side-by-side comparing the requirements to their own qualifications, job\napplicants end up applying for many jobs where they have no chance of being\nselected.\" When you apply to anything and everything, it shouldn't come as a\nsurprise when you wind up with nothing!\n\nYou should, however, spend time – as a first step – checking what jobs are out\nthere. Then use the information you gain to research companies, talk to people\nyou know who work in those places and network your way into the position for\nwhich you represent a truly strong fit.\n\nThere are a myriad of places where jobs are advertised online, but consider\nthese as a start:\n\n1\\. Company websites: Virtually every company has a section on its site for\nemployer branding (telling you what a great place it is to work for and why)\nand specific jobs it is seeking to fill. Typically, they encourage you to\napply directly online.\n\nWhat companies don't necessarily say is that this part of their site either\ntakes you outside the site or to a page that its applicant tracking system\nvendor mocked up to look like the company site.\n\nEven if your application is coming through an employee referral or your own\ndirect networking into the company, you'll likely need to apply online at some\npoint in the process. This step helps human resources track and stay on top of\nall applicants and demonstrate nondiscriminatory hiring if the company is\naudited by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.\n\n2\\. Traditional Job Boards: In the early days of the Internet, there were lots\nof job boards, but they've since been merged and otherwise winnowed down. The\ntwo giants remain CareerBuilder and Monster.\n\n3\\. Specialty Job Boards: There are many niche job boards tailored to serve\nonly a single industry, skill set or professional group. A few examples:\nMedzilla for the pharmaceutical and biotech industries; CollegeRecruiter for\nrecent grads looking for entry-level positions; and Dice for IT and software\nengineering positions. Also, DiversityJobs focuses on positions for minority\ngroups. The list goes on and on!\n\n4\\. Professional Organization Sites: Many professional organizations host\ntheir own job boards for the exclusive use of their members. Examples include\nthe American Institute of CPAs and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics\nEngineers (IEEE). And there are many more!\n\n5\\. LinkedIn: One could legitimately include LinkedIn's main Jobs tab among\nthe giants, given that any recruiter or company can pay to list a job they are\nseeking to fill. Yet, LinkedIn goes beyond job-searching functions with its\nsocial features that enable you to see which of your connections works at\ntarget companies.\n\nLinkedIn also offers jobs in each of its Groups, and those postings can only\nbe seen by Group members. This thereby allows employers to limit the likely\nnumber of spurious applicants.\n\n6\\. Aggregators: Sites such as Indeed and SimplyHired provide employer- and\nrecruiter-paid ads, but they also go well beyond by scraping the Internet and\nreposting millions of jobs they find on all kinds of sites.\n\nA search on either of these sites will provide you with ads from all over,\nwhich saves you time. But the downside is that these sites often don't take\njobs down once they are filled. (Once I found a job that had been filled more\nthan five years ago.)\n\n7\\. Google and Yahoo Groups: Both Google and Yahoo have their own groups. You\ncan often find a group dedicated to your area of interest or geography with\npositions listed.\n\n8\\. Facebook: Facebook recently announced that it has indexed 2 trillion prior\npublic posts and made them searchable by anyone. While this function is likely\nto raise some controversy and privacy concerns, it will have a myriad of uses,\nincluding those for job hunters.\n\n9\\. College Alumni Groups: In order to retain the loyalty of alumni and entice\nprospective students, most colleges offer career service help of one sort or\nanother to alumni. Often, this includes an online listing of job vacancies.\n\n10: Twitter. One of the most overlooked but right-in-front-of-you sites for\njob postings is Twitter. Companies and recruiters often tweet out their most\nrecent or challenging jobs to fill, along with links to full descriptions and\ninstructions for how to apply. Applications like Tweetmyjobs send alerts to\nyou when you sign up and tell it what you're interested in receiving.\n\nRemember: Your real work as a job hunter, however, lies not in just finding\nthe position of your dreams, but dramatically increasing your chances of\nsuccess by networking your way into your target company, armed with the\nknowledge that a potential good fit is in the offing.\n\nHappy hunting!\n\nArnie Fertig, MPA, is passionate about helping his Jobhuntercoach clients\nadvance their careers by transforming frantic \"I'll apply to anything\"\nsearches into focused hunts for \"great fit\" opportunities. He brings to each\nclient the extensive knowledge he gained when working in HR staffing and\nmanaging his boutique recruiting firm.\n\n## 8 Things That Are More Productive Than Staring at a Job Board\n\nSlideshow\n\n### Snap out of it!\n\n(Getty Images)\n\nAre your eyes glazing over from staring at the computer – refreshing the\nonline job search engines every other minute and blindly emailing résumés?\nSorry, but while this passive job-search strategy is easy, \"it’s the lazy\nthing to do, and it's very unproductive,\" says Andrea Kay, career consultant\nand author of \"This Is How To Get Your Next Job.\" Don't abandon your online\ntools altogether, but consider these other ways to complement your job search.\n\n1\\. Do some soul searching.\n\n### 1\\. Do some soul searching.\n\n(iStockPhoto)\n\nTake a step back and think about who you are as a worker. How would you\ndescribe your strengths, attitude and reputation? How do you want employers\nand professional connections to see you? Are there specific companies you're\ntargeting? The information you gather \"helps you understand the work you do\nbest, and it helps you identify what kinds of cultures and environments you\nwork in best in,\" Kay says. \"And then it’s information later you use to help\nmarket yourself.\"\n\n2\\. Go offline.\n\n### 2\\. Go offline.\n\n(Getty Images)\n\nDon't \"connect\" with or \"friend\" or \"follow\" someone online. Meet her for\ncoffee. \"Live human beings are still your most direct route to finding not\njust a job, but the job you want,\" Kay says. Start with people you know:\nalumni, former co-workers or bosses, clients, friends of family and so on.\n\"You know a lot of people if you actually think about it,\" Kay says.\n\nBut a note about that in-person meeting:\n\n### But a note about that in-person meeting:\n\n(iStockPhoto)\n\n\"If you go into this thinking it’s all about getting contacts and discovering\njobs, you will trip yourself up,\" Kay says, adding that most people make this\nmistake. \"That’s insulting. It says: 'I don’t really care what you know; I\njust want to know who you know.'\" Instead, ask for advice, and listen to their\nfresh perspective. \"I can’t emphasize enough how fruitful a conversation like\nthat can be,\" she says. Plus, make a good impression, and this person is more\ninclined to remember you for future opportunities.\n\n3\\. Attend networking events.\n\n### 3\\. Attend networking events.\n\n(Getty Images)\n\nGetting coffee with someone usually starts with getting acquainted, and that\noften happens at large events designed for folks to do just that. Whether it's\nthrough MeetUp or Eventbrite happenings, local meetings of your industry\nassociation or even a friend's potluck, be open to making personal\nrelationships professional.\n\n4\\. Write a note.\n\n### 4\\. Write a note.\n\n(Getty Images)\n\nSay you know of companies you want to work for but don't have any ins.\nIdentify the manager of the target department, research his company's goals\nand latest news, and then write him a note. While writing, keep in mind that\ncompanies \"hire people to help solve their problems or achieve a goal,\" Kay\nsays. So, in the note, \"you’re not asking for a job. You’re asking for an\nopportunity to show how you can help him achieve his goal.\"\n\n5\\. Follow up on your online applications if you've heard only crickets.\n\n### 5\\. Follow up on your online applications if you've heard only crickets.\n\n(iStockPhoto)\n\nHere are the five rules for following up, according to Robin Reshwan, U.S.\nNews blogger and founder of the consulting and staffing firm Collegial\nServices. \"The art of a politely persistent follow-up is what distinguishes\nhigh-performing employees in every job function from those that just wait for\nthings to fall in their lap,\" she writes. \"It makes perfect sense that\nemployers will respond well to a job seeker that exhibits this skill since it\nis so professionally relevant.\"\n\n6\\. Volunteer.\n\n### 6\\. Volunteer.\n\n(Getty Images)\n\nAside from the obvious (and important) merits of helping others, Kay points\nout that volunteering helps job seekers, too. \"It keeps you fresh and\nenergetic,\" for one, she says, plus it connects you with new people and, in\nfuture interviews, separates you from candidates who spent their down time\nstaring at job boards and binging on \"Game of Thrones.\" Career coach and U.S.\nNews blogger Arnie Fertig describes more ways volunteering helps job seekers\nand how to find opportunities.\n\n7\\. Learn a skill.\n\n### 7\\. Learn a skill.\n\n(Getty Images)\n\nLearn to code. Take a public speaking course. Brush up on your Spanish. The\nmore you continue to learn, the more you stand out as a job candidate. And\nlike the volunteer work, it'll show potential employers you're game to take\ninitiative. Miriam Salpeter, U.S. News blogger and author of \"Social\nNetworking for Business Success,\" describes four career-boosting skills and\nwebsites that will help you learn them.\n\n8\\. Build your online brand.\n\n### 8\\. Build your online brand.\n\n(iStockPhoto)\n\nRemember the meaningful connections you made over coffee and at networking\nevents? Remember the hiring manager you followed up with or wrote a note to?\nThose people will Google you, so make sure they find a positive and\nprofessional presence with these 10 tips for building your personal brand.\n\nRead More\n\n### See more Careers slideshows:\n\nThe 25 Best Jobs of 2015\n\nThe 10 Most Common Interview Questions\n\n10 Things New Grads Can Do Right Now to Get a Job\n\nx of x\n\nTags: careers, money, Applying, LinkedIn, social networking\n\nArnie Fertig Contributor\n\nArnie Fertig is the founder and CEO of Jobhuntercoach. He coaches clients\nnationwide on the nuts and bolts of job hunting based on his extensive\nexperience in all aspects of human resources staffing, owning and managing his\nown boutique recruiting firm for 10 years, and working with high-level\nindividual contributors, managers and executives to advance their careers. His\napproximately 200 articles in U.S. News & World Report’s On Careers blog cover\nall areas of the job search process including: strategies, resume writing,\nLinkedIn, interviewing and compensation negotiation. Arnie holds a Master’s\nDegree in Public Administration from Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy\nSchool of Government. You can connect with him on LinkedIn, follow him on\nTwitter @jobhuntercoach, or circle him on Google+.\n\n## Recommended Articles\n\n### 5 Things to Consider When You Are Preparing for a Job Interview\n\nArnie Fertig | April 4, 2017\n\nUnderstand the employer's needs and how you fill them.\n\n### The 7 Best Maintenance and Repair Jobs for 2017\n\nAli Follman | April 4, 2017\n\nThese skilled jobs include auto mechanic, exterminator and medical equipment\nrepairer.\n\n### The 3 Best Ways to Get Hired Today\n\nRobin Madell | April 3, 2017\n\nOut-of-the-box ideas to help you attract the attention of top employers.\n\n### 3 Pieces of Job Search Advice That Don't Work in Real Life\n\nAlison Green | April 3, 2017\n\nHere's why they don't work and what to try instead.\n\n### 3 Ways to Develop Executive Presence Regardless of Your Title\n\nChrissy Scivicque | March 31, 2017\n\nIf you’re looking to advance your career, this is one of the most impactful\nthings you can do.\n\n### How Your Career Can Benefit From a Professional Association\n\nMarcelle Yeager | March 30, 2017\n\nJoining an organization can help you build out your network and advance your\nqualifications.\n\n### 7 Terrific Creative and Media Jobs for 2017\n\nWhitney Blair Wyckoff | March 28, 2017\n\nHard work and dedication are prerequisites for many of the occupations on the\nlist.\n\n### 3 Signs You've Outgrown Your Job\n\nVicki Salemi | March 28, 2017\n\nSo, officially in the comfort zone? That only means one thing: It's time to\nmove on.\n\n### Unexpected Layoff? 4 Tips on What to Do Next\n\nRobin Reshwan | March 27, 2017\n\nFinding out your job is coming to an end is a shock. Here are strategies to\nminimize the impact.\n\n### How to Be Happier at Work\n\nAlison Green | March 27, 2017\n\nFocus on what you can control, and let go of the things you can't.\n\nLoad More\n\n### About On Careers\n\nOur expert contributors give their best advice on answering common interview\nquestions, perfecting job applications, negotiating salary and more.\n\nFind savvy job advice from the brains behind top careers blogs and websites,\nincluding Ask A Manager, Collegial Services, Vicki Salemi, Jobhuntercoach,\nCareer Sherpa, Career Valet, Hallie Crawford, Robin Madell, Chrissy Scivicque\nand Peter Gudmundsson.\n\nEdited by Antonio Barbera.\n\n### Recommended\n\n### 5 Things to Consider When You Are Preparing for a Job Interview\n\n### The 7 Best Maintenance and Repair Jobs for 2017\n\n### The 3 Best Ways to Get Hired Today\n\n### 3 Pieces of Job Search Advice That Don't Work in Real Life\n\n### 3 Ways to Develop Executive Presence Regardless of Your Title\n\nFind Top Paying Jobs In Your City\n\nU.S. News and Indeed have partnered together to find the best jobs near you.\n\n### Search the Best Jobs\n\nU.S. News has analyzed 183 jobs over 12 industries and categories. Use our\nadvanced search tool to find the jobs that are right for you.\n\nChoose a Category:\n\n### Career Rankings\n\n * How We Rank Jobs\n\n#### The 100 Best Jobs\n\n * #1\n\nDentist\n\n * #2\n\nNurse Practitioner\n\n * #3\n\nPhysician Assistant\n\n * #4\n\nStatistician\n\n * #5\n\nOrthodontist\n\nFull rankings list\n\n#### Best Jobs by Industry\n\n * Health Care\n * Technology\n * Business\n * Social Services\n * Health Care Support\n * Sales and Marketing\n * All industries »\n\n#### More Jobs Rankings\n\n * Best Paying Jobs\n * Best STEM Jobs\n\n#### Most Popular Jobs\n\n * Physician Assistant\n * Physical Therapist\n * Software Developer\n * Registered Nurse\n * Esthetician and Skincare Specialist\n\n### Career Rankings\n\n#### Health Care\n\n#### Technology\n\n#### Business\n\n#### Social Services\n\n#### Health Care Support\n\n#### Sales and Marketing\n\nSee more ranking lists\n\n### Design Mocks\n\n##### No mocks found. Please add mock names and url to this page's yaml.\n\n×\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.playbill.com/job/listing", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210814063126/https://www.playbill.com/job/listing", "parsed_text": { "title": "Find Jobs: Auditions, Casting Calls, Performing Arts, Theatre, Broadway Administrative - Playbill.com", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Find Jobs: Auditions, Casting Calls, Performing Arts, Theatre, Broadway\nAdministrative - Playbill.com | Playbill\n\n# Find Jobs: Auditions, Casting Calls, Performing Arts, Theatre, Broadway\nAdministrative - Playbill.com\n\n * News\n\n * Reopening Updates\n\n * International\n * The Theatre Channel\n * International\n\n * Features\n * Theatre\n * Classic Arts\n * Film and TV\n * Sunday Pancakes\n * Seth Rudetsky\n * Cast Recordings\n * Obituaries\n\n * Videos\n\n * Calendar\n\n * Vault\n\n * Shows\n\n * Discounts\n\n * Jobs\n\n * Store\n\ntoggle menu\n\ntoggle search form\n\n * News\n * Reopening Updates\n * Calendar\n * Shows\n\n * Broadway\n * Off-Broadway\n * Touring\n * Regional\n * London\n * Jobs\n\n * Find A Job\n * Post A Job\n * Subscribe to Playbill Jobs\n * Shop\n\nLatest News Close\n\n * Grinch (Tour) - Virtual Open Call (Non-Equity)\n\n * Performers Needed for Staging Workshop\n\n * Six: The Musical (Tour) - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline: 08.16.21)\n\n * Arden Theatre Company 2021-22 LORT Season - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline: 08.20.21)\n\n * George Street Playhouse 2021-22 Season- Equity Video Submissions (Deadline: 08.20.21)\n\n * Booking It! Something Rotten! and Mormon's Director-Choreographer On Breaking Into Broadway\n\n * Booking It! Commercial Casting Director Nina Pratt On Representing Products, Getting on Film, Audition Mistakes and More\n\n * Booking It! Wesley Taylor Talks \"Breaking Through,\" Fighting Nerves and Pigeonholes, Self-Producing and More\n\n * Booking It! Music Director Mary-Mitchell Campbell on Vocal Embellishment, Actor-Musician Relationship, Networking and More\n\n * Booking It! Casting Directors Duncan Stewart and Benton Whitley Talk Headshots, Audition Room Energy, Actor-Musicians and Social Media\n\nMore Insider Info\n\nBack to top\n\n###\n\nLatest Theatre Jobs\n\nBroadway's #1 Job Site: Find your next theatre job—acting, internships,\nadministrative, design, technical, and all other stage employment—at\nPlaybill.com.\n\nClick here to post a new job listing\n\nAcademic/Instructor\n\nPaid\n\nMagician Video Content Creator/ Instructor\n\nGooroo New York, NY\n\n08/14/2021\n\nEditorial/Writing\n\nINKubator New Play Program Seeks 2021-2022 Cohort of Writers\n\nArt House Productions Jersey City, NJ\n\n08/13/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nHead Sound Technician\n\nThe Old Globe Theatre San Diego, CA\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nTicket Manager\n\nAlvin Ailey American Dance Foundation New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nInternship\n\nPaid\n\nInternship\n\nProducing Intern\n\nTBD Theatricals New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nCompany Manager\n\nHeartbeat Opera New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nVenue Technical Director\n\nWindish Music & Productions West Chester, PA\n\n08/13/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nProduction Manager\n\nHeartbeat Opera New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nCompany Manager\n\nAtlantic Theater Company New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nNon-Theatrical\n\nPaid\n\nFront Desk Receptionist\n\nRothaus MD - Plastic Surgery NYC office New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nHaunt Actor/Performer- No Experience Needed!\n\nGateway's Haunted Playhouse Bellport, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nDirector of Development\n\nAtlantic Theater Company New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nManaging Director - The Acting Company\n\nThe Acting Company working with Management Consultants for the Arts Stamford,\nCT\n\n08/13/2021\n\nOther\n\nPaid\n\nAmateur Licensing Coordinator\n\nConcord Music Group, Inc New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nSeeking Devisors, Actors, & Movers for HOUSE OF AMERICAN ACTIVITIES (Process &\nProduction)\n\nthe after-image Brooklyn, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nAnalyst, Digital Marketing\n\nCapacity Interactive New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nStage Manager\n\nHeartbeat Opera New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nJunior Analyst, Digital Marketing\n\nCapacity Interactive New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nAssistant Company Manager\n\nAsolo Repertory Theatre Sarasota, FL\n\n08/13/2021\n\nNon-Theatrical\n\nPaid\n\nEvent Staff, Banquet Servers, and Bartenders\n\nCutting Edge Elite New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nOther\n\nPaid\n\nLobby Greeters/Screeners\n\nSymphony Space New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nAssociate Production Manager\n\nIrish Arts Center New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nIndividual Giving Associate\n\nManhattan Theatre Club New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nArtistic Production Associate\n\nManhattan Theatre Club New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nNon-Theatrical\n\nParallel Career In Real Estate: Financial Independence While Pursuing A Career\nIn The Arts\n\nBOND New York Real Estate New York, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAcademic/Instructor\n\nPaid\n\nTheatre Instructor Wanted (After School)\n\nCreative Muse Howard Beach, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAcademic/Instructor\n\nPaid\n\nAssociate Director for Childrens Musical Theater Productuion\n\nBackyard Kids' Theater Sonoma, CA\n\n08/13/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nPerformers Needed for Staging Workshop\n\nBeth Morrison Projects Brooklyn, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nAssistant Marketing Manager\n\nFisher Center at Bard College Annandale-on-Hudson, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nFestival Coordinator\n\nFRIGID New York NYC, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nSocial Media Manager\n\nFRIGID New York NYC, NY\n\n08/13/2021\n\nInternship\n\nPaid\n\nInternship\n\nGeneral Management Intern\n\nBaseline Theatrical New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nAdministrative Assistant, Board and Government Relations\n\nRoundabout Theatre Company New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nRecruiter\n\nSix Flags Great Adventure Jackson, NJ\n\n08/12/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nCostume Builder (Draping, Patterning, Stitching)\n\nRockefeller Productions Long Island City, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nBox Office Sales Associates\n\nLimelight Theatre Company Westchester, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nAssistant House Manager\n\nPaper Mill Playhouse Millburn, NJ\n\n08/12/2021\n\nClasses/Schools\n\nAD: \"Cabaret\" Fall MainStage Production - Ages 15 - 22\n\nNexGen Youth Theatre New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nInternship\n\nPaid\n\nInternship\n\nArtistic Engagement Intern, Fall 2021\n\nNational Queer Theater Inc. Brooklyn, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nSeeking Dancer/Actors for New Immersive Theatre Experience (Submission\nDeadline 8.23.21)\n\nRenaissance Theatre Company Orlando, FL\n\n08/12/2021\n\nNon-Theatrical\n\nPaid\n\nExtras Casting Associate\n\nCitrola Casting, LLC New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nGeorge Street Playhouse 2021-22 Season- Stage Manager Submissions (Deadline:\n08.20.21)\n\nGeorge Street Playhouse New Brunswick, NJ\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nGeorge Street Playhouse 2021-22 Season- Equity Video Submissions (Deadline:\n08.20.21)\n\nGeorge Street Playhouse New Brunswick, NJ\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nVivid Stage 2021-22 season - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline: 08.20.21)\n\nVivid Stage Summit, NJ\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nChoir Boy And Between Two Knees - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline:\n08.20.21) (Revised 8.12.21)\n\nYale Repertory Theatre / Drama Productions Inc. New Haven, CT\n\n08/12/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nFlorida Repertory Theatre 2021-22 Season - Stage Manager Submissions\n(Deadline: 08.20.21)\n\nFlorida Repertory Theatre Ft. Myers, FL\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nArden Theatre Company 2021-22 LORT Season - Equity Video Submissions\n(Deadline: 08.20.21)\n\nArden Theatre Company Philadelphia, PA\n\n08/12/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nArden Theatre Company 2021-22 LORT Season - Stage Manager Submissions\n(Deadline: 08.20.21)\n\nArden Theatre Company Philadelphia, PA\n\n08/12/2021\n\nOther\n\nPaid\n\nUshers\n\nSymphony Space New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAcademic/Instructor\n\nPaid\n\nTeaching Artists (Director/Choreographer & Music Director)\n\nBrooklyn Children's Theatre Brooklyn, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nSeeking Performers for Opera Workshop of Ellen McLaughlin and Sarah Taylor\nEllis's The Trojan Women\n\nColumbia University MFA Theatre Directing New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nAudience Service Manager\n\nYork Theatre Company New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nCalling All Actors! Reception and Administrative Work - ASAP!\n\nRJL Resources New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nNon-Theatrical\n\nPaid\n\nMaze Masters\n\nTown Square Productions New York City, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nAssistant Manager\n\nMason Gross Performing Arts Center Ticket Office New Brunswick, NJ\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nHouse Manager\n\nAthenaeum Center for Thought & Culture Chicago, IL\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nBellman in London Suite\n\nTheatre Workshop of Nantucket Nantucket, MA\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nBox Office Manager\n\nEmelin Theatre Mamaroneck, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nStories for Choice: National Call for Storytellers\n\nTMI Project Kingston, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAcademic/Instructor\n\nPaid\n\nAdministrative Assistant\n\nFranklin Weinrib Rudell & Vassallo, P.C. New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nCleveland Play House 2021-22 Season - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline:\n08.19.21)\n\nCleveland Play House Cleveland, OH\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nChoir Boy And Between Two Knees - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline:\n08.20.21)\n\nYale Repertory Theatre / Drama Productions Inc. New Haven, CT\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nTheatre Exile 2021-22 Season - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline: 08.20.21)\n\nTheatre Exile Philadelphia, PA\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nThe Taming - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline: 08.20.21)\n\nWaterTower Theatre Addison, TX\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nInto The Woods Jr Seeking Self Tapes\n\nThe Secret Theatre Woodside, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nHead Over Heels - Stage Manager Submissions (Deadline: 08.19.21)\n\nPasadena Pittsburgh, CA\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nHead Over Heels - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline: 08.19.21)\n\nPasadena Pittsburgh, CA\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nSelling Kabul - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline: 08.20.21)\n\nPlaywrights Horizons Inc. New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nCity Theatre Company 2021-22 Season- Equity Video Submissions (Deadline:\n08.19.21)\n\nCity Theatre Company, Inc. Pittsburgh, PA\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nFlorida Repertory Theatre 2021-22 Season - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline\nAugust 20, 2021)\n\nFlorida Repertory Theatre Ft. Myers, FL\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nWaitress (Broadway) role of Lulu - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline August\n20, 2021)\n\nWaitress, LLC New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nColumbia MFA Director Projects\n\nColumbia University MFA Directors, mentored by Anne Bogart and Brian Kulick\nNew York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nNon-Theatrical\n\nCalling All Artists & Performers: Parallel Career In Real Estate\n\nBond New York Real Estate New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nPatron Services Representative\n\nNew Jersey Symphony Orchestra Newark, NJ\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nAssociate Artistic Director of Presenting\n\nHERE Arts Center New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nOther\n\nPaid\n\nBurlesque Supperclub Seeks Front of House Manager\n\nDuane Park NYC, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nAcademic/Instructor\n\nPaid\n\nBaby Moves Music, Movement, and Performaning Artist Teacher\n\nBaby Moves at Perry School New York, NY\n\n08/12/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nHead Electrician\n\nBrooklyn Academy of Music, Inc. (BAM) Brooklyn, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nGM Budgets & Contracts Coordinator\n\nBrooklyn Academy of Music, Inc. (BAM) Brooklyn, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nCrew Chief\n\nBrooklyn Academy of Music, Inc. (BAM) Brooklyn, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nMarketing/Public Relations Associate Needed for the Theater Center\n\nThe Theater Center New York, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nActors Needed For Fall Production\n\nGood Light Productions (GLP) LLC Bronx, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nCustomer Engagement Specialist\n\nUnshut Long Island City, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nDevelopment Associate\n\nAtlantic Theater Company New York, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nEditorial/Writing\n\nPaid\n\nSeeking Versatile Writers to Work Remotely. Earn $25-$30/hour on Your Own\nSchedule!\n\nCaptivate Writers Collective Bronx, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nCalling all Theatre Buffs! Help Bring Audiences Back into the Theatre! WFH!\n\nDCM INC. Sunnyside, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nMarketing Manager\n\nGulfshore Playhouse Naples, FL\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nCompany Manager - HAIRSPRAY National Tour\n\nNETworks Presentations Columbia, MD\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nCOVID Safety Officer\n\nSecond Stage New York, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nDevelopment Associate\n\nBODYTRAFFIC Los Angeles, CA\n\n08/11/2021\n\nOther\n\nPaid\n\nNYC Real Estate Salesperson\n\nCooper & Cooper Real Estate New York, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nOther\n\nPaid\n\nAssistant Sound and Video Supervisor\n\nArena Stage Washington, DC\n\n08/11/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nBorders\n\nDirty Laundry Theatre New York, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nNon-Theatrical\n\nLooking For A Flexible Schedule? A Parallel Career In Real Estate Might Be\nRight For You\n\nBOND New York New York, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nEducation and Outreach Manager\n\nBODYTRAFFIC Los Angeles, CA\n\n08/11/2021\n\nTechnical\n\nPaid\n\nProduction Stage Manager\n\nFirst Woman, LLC New York, NY\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nCompany Manager\n\nArena Stage Washington, DC\n\n08/11/2021\n\nOther\n\nPaid\n\nWig-Hair-Makeup Supervisor\n\nArena Stage Washington, DC\n\n08/11/2021\n\nAdministrative\n\nPaid\n\nMerch Manager/Asst Tour Manager\n\nTCG Entertainment Allen, TX\n\n08/11/2021\n\nPerformer\n\nPaid\n\nThe Last Five Years - Equity Video Submissions (Deadline August 20, 2021)\n\nNew Bedford Festival Theatre New Bedford, MA\n\n08/11/2021\n\n##### Playbill Sites\n\n * Playbill Store\n * Playbill Classic Arts\n * PLAYBILLder\n * Playbill Travel\n\n##### Contact Playbill\n\n * Playbill Discounts\n * Advertise with Playbill\n * RSS\n * Site Map\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n\n##### Follow Playbill Now\n\nWant Discount Tickets?\n\nSign up for exclusive discounts and save up to 50% on tickets!\n\nCopyright 1991-2021 © Playbill Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\nPowered by\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.job-hunt.org/findingjobs.shtml", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508064111/https://www.job-hunt.org/findingjobs.shtml", "parsed_text": { "title": "Guide to Finding Jobs Online: Online Job Search Tutorial", "passages": [ "So, where do you find the jobs NOW? Even if you had a successful job search 2 years ago, don't assume that what worked then will work now, especially when we are in the midst of a pandemic.", "Those changes in technology have had an enormous impact on how recruiters recruit, and they seem to be picking up speed.", "Spending your time polishing your resume and then applying for every job you find with that resume does NOT well work today.", "Assuming that you know what you want to do and where you want to do it, you'll find millions of jobs posted online. Start with 1, and go through the whole list. Some will work better for you than others, but don't spend more than 20% of your valuable time completing online job applications:", "Networking doesn't mean attending events in big rooms full of strangers! Networking means staying in touch with people you know, and meeting new people. I've seen people connect with new jobs at a funeral, and they also connect at football games or over coffee with friends.", "You are five (5!) times more likely to be hired if you have been referred by an employee than if you apply without knowing anyone.", "Connecting with people at your target employers or choosing to work for an employer because you already have friends or family who work there is the most effective method of landing a new job.", "Developing a list of target employers is the foundation of a successful job search today. This section helps you find employers that meet your criteria and then leverage the information on their websites, social media (like LinkedIn), and search engines to connect with their jobs.", "Check out the employers' sites so you are familiar with what they do (products, services, senior management, locations, etc.), and use that information you collect in your interactions with the employer. You will be more effective in social media, your applications, and your job interviews when you have researched your target employers thoroughly.", "LinkedIn is currently the most powerful and effective professional social network. LinkedIn also has job postings (see the \"jobs\" link below the search bar at the top of every page). Also check out the Jobs tab in LinkedIn Groups (you can join up to 100), and the company profile pages for your target employers.", "LinkedIn is one of the best online venues for connecting with people who work at your target employers (and who worked there in the past). Use it to vet the employer, too. You can also find job postings and employer/company pages which provide you with information about the company as well as how you might be connected to current employees.", "Use LinkedIn to connect with people who attended the same schools you have attended, even if you didn't attend the schools at the same time. Alumni networks can be very powerful. Search for people working at your target employers who attended the same school you attended -- that's a starting point for expanding your network.", "[MORE:How to Be Found by Recruiters on LinkedIn written by recruiter Jeff Lipschultz and 12 Steps to Outrank Your Competitors in LinkedIn Search in 2020 (Personal LinkedIn SEO).]", "Social media is a powerful way to connect with a job. Unfortunately, not done well or done without concern for your online repuation, social media can ruin opportunities for you, too. But, ignoring social media, particularly LinkedIn, is not optional for most professions and locations.", "Build \"social proof\" of who you are and what you know using social media. Solid social proof may bring your next job to you, without any applications or other effort..", "In addition to LinkedIn, job postings are available through both Facebook and Twitter. Many employers have Facebook pages for both marketing and, often, also for recruiting. Employers are increasingly posting jobs on Facebook.", "Recruiters are the traffic cops in the process of hiring people. They can help or hurt you, and several different kinds of recruiters exist - headhunters, staffing firms, corporate recruiters, and more.", "The important thing to remember is that recruiters work for employers, not for job seekers. [Related: Working with Recruiters explains the different kinds of recruiters.]", "Google has jumped into the mix, offering jobs in Google search results. Type \"jobs near me\" into Google's search bar, and you will see jobs from local employers. Read Google-ize Your Job Search with These Tips and Tricks for more tips on leveraging Google for your job search.", "Job boards are still very popular, but, as employers have increased their recruiting on their own websites and as the aggregators, like Indeed, have made those jobs more visible, the general job boards are perhaps not as effective as they once were. Look for niche boards like Dice.com (for IT) and Idealist.org (for nonprofits).", "Job boards are not as effective today for employers because too many people apply for every job they see, whether or not they are qualified. The result is an average of 250 applicants for each job, with less than half meeting the requirements of the jobs.", "If you apply for a job, be sure to make your qualifications clear, or your application will be ignored. Releated: How Top ATS Systems Analyze Resumes and 3 Smart Tips to Beat the ATS Systems.]", "Be very careful to avoid the imitation/scam job boards and the fake jobs posted by scammers. They operate to collect your personal information but offer you no benefit.", "Online classified ads, particularly on sites like Craigslist.org, can be very effective for job search because they are very low cost to use, and free in many locations. That low cost attracts small employers who can't easily post jobs on their own websites. But, do be cautious! Because the price of posting is very low or nonexistent, scams are posted.", "Associations and school alumni groups are very effective for networking, and often their websites have job postings for members. If you have worked for an employer in the past, look for an \"alumni group\" for that employer.", "Google has many hidden talents plus excellent tools for finding job postings as well as helping you with your job search in many other ways.", "Being appropriately visible online, using the \"right keywords\" for you and your target job/employers will enable your next job to find you. As the labor market tightens and employers become more desperate to find employees, effective personal SEO will be the reason employers find you rather than someone else. Start now by learning The Most Important Keywords for Your Job Search and Career.", "If you want to work at the local mall or in the local McDonald's restaurant, go to that business and ask for an employment application to complete. Dress nicely, be polite, and complete the form neatly and legibly, and you'll probably end up with at least an interview the next time there is a job opening.", "When you are looking at job postings, be sure to keep in mind that many scams are published on all job posting sources. So, you need to be relatively cautious and skeptical about applying for jobs you find online. Read 9 Characteristics of a Job Scam for more information.", "If you currently have a job, be sure to keep a low profile for your job search so you don't get fired (YES, they can fire you for job hunting in the USA!). Check Job-Hunt's Guide to Stealth Job Search.", "Remember - no matter what Website you are visiting, even one listed in Job- Hunt, be sure to protect your privacy, watch out for scams, and avoid the Dirty Dozen Online Job Search Mistakes as well as the Dirty Dozen Dangerous Assumptions!", "Choose a target job and target employers where you would like to work, and focus your efforts on that job and those employers. Without presenting a clear message of who you are, what you have accomplished, and how you can help an employer, your applications will be ignored.", "Unfocused job seekers apply for anything and everything. Consequently, they train employers, resume databases, and applicant tracking systems to ignore them.", "FACT: You are spinning your wheels and wasting your time until you focus on a particular job and a group of target employers.", "Being unfocused means you won't be using the best keywords for you and your next job. Not using those keywords in your LinkedIn Profile and resumes means limitied opportunities and MUCH LESS visibility for you.", "Fewer than 20% of jobs are filled by someone responding to a job posting, although many job seekers focus all of their efforts on applying for every job posting they find.", "FACT: Employers use the term -- \"resume spammers\" -- to describe people who apply for every job they find. Resume spammers are blocked and ignored. Don't be one!", "Because of the very large number of applications usually submitted by unqualified applicants in response to most posted jobs, job postings are NOT employers favorite way to fill jobs now -- too many resume spammers.", "Because of resume spammers, searching for qualified job candidates is an employer's favorite way to fill jobs. Called \"sourcing\" it is also often the quickest way to identify good candidates.", "The professional version of your name you use for your job search and career (on your business/networking cards, LinkedIn Profile, resumes, applications, name tags, email etc.).", "Your current location -- or the location where you hope to be working next. This is NOT your address. It's the name of the city and state or region where you live or want to live.", "Your resume and job applications. If you spend time applying for jobs online, customize the application or resume you submit so it includes the keywords used in the job description that are appropriate for you.", "Read Job-Hunt's Guide to Personal SEO (Search Engine Optimization) to learn what your best keywords are and where to use them. Check out Job-Hunt's Guide to LinkedIn SEO to understand where and how to use your keywords in LinkedIn so your next job finds you.", "Recruiters and employers are generally suspicious of invisible people, assuming that the invisibility is because the person is out-of-date (no understanding of how to use the Internet for business) or has something to hide. Neither of those assumptions will help your job search succeed.", "Research has shown that more than 80% of employers and recruiters search the Internet to learn more about you before seriously considering you for a job or inviting you in to an interview. If they can't find you, you are usually not considered for their jobs.", "Online job search expert Susan P. Joyce has been observing the online job search world and teaching online job search skills since 1995. A veteran of the United States Marine Corps and a recent Visiting Scholar at the MIT Sloan School of Management, Susan is a two-time layoff “graduate” who has worked in human resources at Harvard University and in a compensation consulting firm. Since 1998, Susan has been editor and publisher of Job-Hunt.org. Follow Susan on Twitter at @jobhuntorg and on Facebook, LinkedIn. More about this author...", "We will never send spam or sell your information to anyone, and you can unsubscribe at any time. Read the Job-Hunt Privacy Policy for more information." ] }, "parsed_md": "Guide to Finding Jobs Online: Online Job Search Tutorial - Job-Hunt.org\n\n## For a Shorter, Smarter Job Search\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Online Job Search Guides\n 3. Guide to Finding Jobs Online Today\n\nTweet\n\n# Finding Jobs Online Today\n\nBy Susan P. Joyce\n\nSo, where do you find the jobs NOW? Even if you had a successful job search 2\nyears ago, don't assume that what worked then will work now, especially when\nwe are in the midst of a pandemic.\n\nTechnology has massively changed everything in our lives -- used a pay phone\nor a paper map recently?\n\nThose changes in technology have had an enormous impact on how recruiters\nrecruit, and they seem to be picking up speed.\n\nMassive changes in recruiting dramatically change effective job search\ntechniques, sources, and strategies.\n\nSpending your time polishing your resume and then applying for every job you\nfind with that resume does NOT well work today.\n\n[MORE: 5 Ways to Land Your New Job Faster and Be Easy to Hire.]\n\n## The Best Sources of Jobs Today\n\nAssuming that you know what you want to do and where you want to do it, you'll\nfind millions of jobs posted online. Start with 1, and go through the whole\nlist. Some will work better for you than others, but don't spend more than 20%\nof your valuable time completing online job applications:\n\n### 1\\. Networking\n\nNo one wants to read this advice, but networking is the quickest way to a new\njob.\n\nNetworking doesn't mean attending events in big rooms full of strangers!\nNetworking means staying in touch with people you know, and meeting new\npeople. I've seen people connect with new jobs at a funeral, and they also\nconnect at football games or over coffee with friends.\n\nYou are five (5!) times more likely to be hired if you have been referred by\nan employee than if you apply without knowing anyone.\n\nEmployers really prefer to hire someone known to a current employee than a\ncomplete stranger off the street.\n\nConnecting with people at your target employers or choosing to work for an\nemployer because you already have friends or family who work there is the most\neffective method of landing a new job.\n\n[Related: How to Make Employee Referral Programs Work for You, the fastest way\nto be hired! And, Networking for Networking Haters.]\n\n### 2\\. Employers\n\nDeveloping a list of target employers is the foundation of a successful job\nsearch today. This section helps you find employers that meet your criteria\nand then leverage the information on their websites, social media (like\nLinkedIn), and search engines to connect with their jobs.\n\nCheck out the employers' sites so you are familiar with what they do\n(products, services, senior management, locations, etc.), and use that\ninformation you collect in your interactions with the employer. You will be\nmore effective in social media, your applications, and your job interviews\nwhen you have researched your target employers thoroughly.\n\n[Related: Find Jobs by Targeting Employers.]\n\n### 3\\. LinkedIn\n\nLinkedIn is currently the most powerful and effective professional social\nnetwork. LinkedIn also has job postings (see the \"jobs\" link below the search\nbar at the top of every page). Also check out the Jobs tab in LinkedIn Groups\n(you can join up to 100), and the company profile pages for your target\nemployers.\n\nLinkedIn is one of the best online venues for connecting with people who work\nat your target employers (and who worked there in the past). Use it to vet the\nemployer, too. You can also find job postings and employer/company pages which\nprovide you with information about the company as well as how you might be\nconnected to current employees.\n\nUse LinkedIn to connect with people who attended the same schools you have\nattended, even if you didn't attend the schools at the same time. Alumni\nnetworks can be very powerful. Search for people working at your target\nemployers who attended the same school you attended -- that's a starting point\nfor expanding your network.\n\n[MORE:How to Be Found by Recruiters on LinkedIn written by recruiter Jeff\nLipschultz and 12 Steps to Outrank Your Competitors in LinkedIn Search in 2020\n(Personal LinkedIn SEO).]\n\n### 4\\. Social Media\n\nSocial media is a powerful way to connect with a job. Unfortunately, not done\nwell or done without concern for your online repuation, social media can ruin\nopportunities for you, too. But, ignoring social media, particularly LinkedIn,\nis not optional for most professions and locations.\n\nBuild \"social proof\" of who you are and what you know using social media.\nSolid social proof may bring your next job to you, without any applications or\nother effort..\n\nIn addition to LinkedIn, job postings are available through both Facebook and\nTwitter. Many employers have Facebook pages for both marketing and, often,\nalso for recruiting. Employers are increasingly posting jobs on Facebook.\n\nIn Twitter, follow your target employers' Twitter accounts for news and look\nfor a Twitter account for jobs, too.\n\nSee Job-Hunt's free Guide to Using LinkedIn for Job Search, Guide to Using\nFacebook for Job Search and Guide to Using Twitter for Job Search for more\ninformation.\n\n[MORE: Guide to Online Reputation Management.]\n\n### 5\\. Recruiters, Staffing Firms, & Head Hunters\n\nRecruiters are the traffic cops in the process of hiring people. They can help\nor hurt you, and several different kinds of recruiters exist - headhunters,\nstaffing firms, corporate recruiters, and more.\n\nThe important thing to remember is that recruiters work for employers, not for\njob seekers. [Related: Working with Recruiters explains the different kinds of\nrecruiters.]\n\n### 6\\. Google and Job Boards\n\nGoogle has jumped into the mix, offering jobs in Google search results. Type\n\"jobs near me\" into Google's search bar, and you will see jobs from local\nemployers. Read Google-ize Your Job Search with These Tips and Tricks for more\ntips on leveraging Google for your job search.\n\nJob boards are still very popular, but, as employers have increased their\nrecruiting on their own websites and as the aggregators, like Indeed, have\nmade those jobs more visible, the general job boards are perhaps not as\neffective as they once were. Look for niche boards like Dice.com (for IT) and\nIdealist.org (for nonprofits).\n\nJob boards are not as effective today for employers because too many people\napply for every job they see, whether or not they are qualified. The result is\nan average of 250 applicants for each job, with less than half meeting the\nrequirements of the jobs.\n\nIf you apply for a job, be sure to make your qualifications clear, or your\napplication will be ignored. Releated: How Top ATS Systems Analyze Resumes and\n3 Smart Tips to Beat the ATS Systems.]\n\nBe very careful to avoid the imitation/scam job boards and the fake jobs\nposted by scammers. They operate to collect your personal information but\noffer you no benefit.\n\n[Related: Guide to Avoiding Online Job Scams]\n\n### 7\\. Classified Ads\n\nOnline classified ads, particularly on sites like Craigslist.org, can be very\neffective for job search because they are very low cost to use, and free in\nmany locations. That low cost attracts small employers who can't easily post\njobs on their own websites. But, do be cautious! Because the price of posting\nis very low or nonexistent, scams are posted.\n\n[Related: Using Craigslist to Find a Job]\n\n### 8\\. Associations and College / Corporate Alumni Groups\n\nAssociations and school alumni groups are very effective for networking, and\noften their websites have job postings for members. If you have worked for an\nemployer in the past, look for an \"alumni group\" for that employer.\n\nYou'll find many ways to connect with other alumni -- both school and\ncorporate -- in LinkedIn Groups.\n\n[Related: Secret Networking Powerhouse: Employer \"Alumni\", LinkedIn Networking\nPower Tool: Education, and How to Engage More Recruiters and Employers with\nLinkedIn Groups.]\n\n### 9\\. Google\n\nGoogle has many hidden talents plus excellent tools for finding job postings\nas well as helping you with your job search in many other ways.\n\n[Related: 50 Google Searches to Avoid Layoffs and Bad Employers and Leveraging\n10 Google Tips and 3 Great Tricks.]\n\n### 10\\. Personal SEO\n\nBeing appropriately visible online, using the \"right keywords\" for you and\nyour target job/employers will enable your next job to find you. As the labor\nmarket tightens and employers become more desperate to find employees,\neffective personal SEO will be the reason employers find you rather than\nsomeone else. Start now by learning The Most Important Keywords for Your Job\nSearch and Career.\n\n## Direct/Offline Can Work Well for Local Small Businesses\n\nIf you want to work at the local mall or in the local McDonald's restaurant,\ngo to that business and ask for an employment application to complete. Dress\nnicely, be polite, and complete the form neatly and legibly, and you'll\nprobably end up with at least an interview the next time there is a job\nopening.\n\n## Lastly, Be Careful Out There!\n\nWhen you are looking at job postings, be sure to keep in mind that many scams\nare published on all job posting sources. So, you need to be relatively\ncautious and skeptical about applying for jobs you find online. Read 9\nCharacteristics of a Job Scam for more information.\n\nIf you currently have a job, be sure to keep a low profile for your job search\nso you don't get fired (YES, they can fire you for job hunting in the USA!).\nCheck Job-Hunt's Guide to Stealth Job Search.\n\nRemember - no matter what Website you are visiting, even one listed in Job-\nHunt, be sure to protect your privacy, watch out for scams, and avoid the\nDirty Dozen Online Job Search Mistakes as well as the Dirty Dozen Dangerous\nAssumptions!\n\n## Essential Success Tips\n\nToday, it is very easy to get overwhelmed with options when you are searching\nonline for a new job.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nTo avoid wasting your valuable time and energy searching for job postings,\nstart here:\n\n### Focus Your Job Search\n\nChoose a target job and target employers where you would like to work, and\nfocus your efforts on that job and those employers. Without presenting a clear\nmessage of who you are, what you have accomplished, and how you can help an\nemployer, your applications will be ignored.\n\nUnfocused job seekers apply for anything and everything. Consequently, they\ntrain employers, resume databases, and applicant tracking systems to ignore\nthem.\n\nFACT: You are spinning your wheels and wasting your time until you focus on a\nparticular job and a group of target employers.\n\nIf you don't know the job you want, you will have a much more challenging job\nsearch. The reason?\n\nBeing unfocused means you won't be using the best keywords for you and your\nnext job. Not using those keywords in your LinkedIn Profile and resumes means\nlimitied opportunities and MUCH LESS visibility for you.\n\nRead 9 Steps to a Shorter Job Search and Successful Elevator Pitch in 7 Steps\nfrom WorkCoachCafe.com.\n\n### Unless You Are Qualified, Don't Waste Time Clicking the \"Apply\" Button\n\nFewer than 20% of jobs are filled by someone responding to a job posting,\nalthough many job seekers focus all of their efforts on applying for every job\nposting they find.\n\nFACT: Employers use the term -- \"resume spammers\" -- to describe people who\napply for every job they find. Resume spammers are blocked and ignored. Don't\nbe one!\n\nBecause of the very large number of applications usually submitted by\nunqualified applicants in response to most posted jobs, job postings are NOT\nemployers favorite way to fill jobs now -- too many resume spammers.\n\nEmployers' favorite way to fill jobs today is next.\n\nRead Job-Hunt's Why Resumes Don't Get Read (and What You Can Do About It) and\nNew Requirements for Resume Success for more details.\n\n## Be \"Find-able\" Online\n\nBeing find-able online is essential today for two very important reasons:\n\n### 1\\. Recruiters and sourcers will find you when they search online for\nqualified candidates.\n\nBecause of resume spammers, searching for qualified job candidates is an\nemployer's favorite way to fill jobs. Called \"sourcing\" it is also often the\nquickest way to identify good candidates.\n\n> When you are appropriately visible online, employers searching for qualified\n> job candidates will find you, particularly on LinkedIn.\n\nWhen you know what you want to do next, preferably with a list of 10 to 100\ntarget employers, you will be able to focus your online visibility on the\nright keywords in the right places.\n\nThose right keywords include:\n\n * The professional version of your name you use for your job search and career (on your business/networking cards, LinkedIn Profile, resumes, applications, name tags, email etc.).\n * The qualifications you have for your current and future jobs.\n * The job titles used by your target employers for the job you want next.\n * Your current location -- or the location where you hope to be working next. This is NOT your address. It's the name of the city and state or region where you live or want to live.\n * Your education, including degrees, certifications, and other training which is relevant to the job you want next.\n\nThose right places include:\n\n * Your LinkedIn Profile and other activities on LinkedIn (your LinkedIn Updates and LinkedIn Group activities).\n * Your other social media visibility, like Twitter and Facebook.\n * Your resume and job applications. If you spend time applying for jobs online, customize the application or resume you submit so it includes the keywords used in the job description that are appropriate for you.\n\nRead Job-Hunt's Guide to Personal SEO (Search Engine Optimization) to learn\nwhat your best keywords are and where to use them. Check out Job-Hunt's Guide\nto LinkedIn SEO to understand where and how to use your keywords in LinkedIn\nso your next job finds you.\n\n### 2\\. Recruiters will be able to verify the facts on your resume or\napplication and to get a sense of your \"fit\" with their organization.\n\nWithout appropriate online visibility, you are effectively invisible. And that\nmakes your job search longer and more difficult because...\n\nRecruiters and employers are generally suspicious of invisible people,\nassuming that the invisibility is because the person is out-of-date (no\nunderstanding of how to use the Internet for business) or has something to\nhide. Neither of those assumptions will help your job search succeed.\n\nResearch has shown that more than 80% of employers and recruiters search the\nInternet to learn more about you before seriously considering you for a job or\ninviting you in to an interview. If they can't find you, you are usually not\nconsidered for their jobs.\n\nRead Get \"Sourced\" to Get Hired, and Job-Hunt's Guide to Personal Online\nReputation Management for more details.\n\n##\n\nJob-Hunt Intelligence Weekly Newsletter \n \n--- \nNO spam! Privacy Policy \n \nTweet\n\nAbout the author...\n\nOnline job search expert Susan P. Joyce has been observing the online job\nsearch world and teaching online job search skills since 1995. A veteran of\nthe United States Marine Corps and a recent Visiting Scholar at the MIT Sloan\nSchool of Management, Susan is a two-time layoff “graduate” who has worked in\nhuman resources at Harvard University and in a compensation consulting firm.\nSince 1998, Susan has been editor and publisher of Job-Hunt.org. Follow Susan\non Twitter at @jobhuntorg and on Facebook, LinkedIn. More about this author...\n\n## The Job-Hunt Intelligence, Weekly Newsletter\n\nWe will never send spam or sell your information to anyone, and you can\nunsubscribe at any time. Read the Job-Hunt Privacy Policy for more\ninformation.\n\n### Guide to Finding Jobs Online Today\n\n * Guide to Finding Jobs Online\n * Fast Track to a New Job: An Employee Referral\n\n#### Job Sources\n\n * Be Easy to Hire!\n * Finding Jobs Via Networking\n * Find Jobs by Targeting Employers\n * Finding Jobs Via LinkedIn\n * Finding Jobs Via Social Media\n * Finding Jobs Via Recruiters, Staffing Firms, and Head Hunters\n * Finding Jobs on Jobs Sites/Job Boards\n * Finding Jobs Via Classified Ads\n * How to Find Jobs Via Associations and College / Corporate Alumni Networks\n * Finding Jobs Using Google\n\n#### Be Found by Recruiters:\n\n * Guide to Personal SEO - Finding and Smartly Leveraging Your Best Keywords\n * Guide to LinkedIn SEO - Being Found on LinkedIn\n * Guide to Personal Online Reputation Management\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### Avoiding the Hazards of Online Job Search\n\n * Being Smart About Choosing a Job Board\n * Being Smart About Using a Job Board\n * Avoiding the Job Scams and Scam Jobs\n * How to Protect Your Privacy while Job Hunting Online\n * Creating a Cyber-Safe Resume\n * Evaluating Privacy Policies\n * Conducting a Stealth Job Search - Safely Finding a Job While Employed\n\nFind Jobs in all states Jobs across the state - not available elsewhere on the\nWeb. Only here. CareerCast.com\n\nOver 50? Want work? Real employers who value your experience are looking for\nyou here. SeniorJobBank.org\n\nAbout and Contact | Privacy © Copyright NETability, Inc. 1998 - 2021. All\nrights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.consumer.ftc.gov/articles/0243-job-scams", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201205000045/https://www.consumer.ftc.gov/articles/0243-job-scams", "parsed_text": { "title": "FTC Consumer Information", "passages": [ "Scammers know that finding a job can be tough. To trick people looking for honest work, scammers advertise where real employers and job placement firms do. They also make upbeat promises about your chances of employment, and virtually all of them ask you to pay them for their services before you get a job. But the promise of a job isn’t the same thing as a job. If you have to pay for the promise, it’s likely a scam.", "Scammers advertise jobs where legitimate employers do — online, in newspapers, and even on TV and radio. Here’s how to tell whether a job lead may be a scam:", "They may say they’ve got a job waiting, or guarantee to place you in a job, if you just pay a fee for certification, training materials, or their expenses placing you with a company. But after you pay, the job doesn’t materialize. Employers and employment firms shouldn’t ask you to pay for the promise of a job.", "Don't give out your credit card or bank account information over the phone to a company unless you're familiar with them and have agreed to pay for something. Anyone who has your account information can use it.", "Information about available federal jobs is free. And all federal positions are announced to the public on usajobs.gov. Don’t believe anyone who promises you a federal or postal job.", "Many job placement services are legitimate. But others lie about what they’ll do for you, promote outdated or fake job openings, or charge up-front fees for services that may not lead to a job. In fact, they might not even return your calls once you pay.", "If a company or organization is mentioned in an ad or interview, contact that company to find out if the company really is hiring through the service.", "What’s the cost, what will you get, and who pays — you or the company that hires you? What happens if the service doesn’t find a job for you or any real leads? If they’re reluctant to answer your questions, or give confusing answers, you should be reluctant to work with them.", "Get a copy of the contract with the placement firm, and read it carefully. A legitimate company will give you time to read the contract and decide, not pressure you into signing then and there. Make sure any promises — including refund promises — are in writing. Some listing services and \"consultants\" write ads to sound like jobs, but that’s just a marketing trick: They're really selling general information about getting a job — information you can find for free on your own.", "Executive or career counseling services help people with career directions and decisions. They may offer services like skills identification and self- evaluation, resume preparation, letter writing, and interview techniques, and general information about companies or organizations in a particular location or job field.", "But job placement isn’t guaranteed. Fees can be as high as thousands of dollars, and you often have to pay first.", "The National Career Development Association (NCDA) offers some tips on finding and choosing a career counselor, and explains the different types of counselors active in the field.", "Your local consumer protection agency, state Attorney General's Office, and the Better Business Bureau can tell you whether any complaints have been filed about a company. Just keep in mind that a lack of complaints doesn’t mean the business is on the up-and-up. You may want to do an internet search with the name of the company and words like review, scam, or complaint. Look through several pages of search results. And check out articles about the company in newspapers, magazines, or online, as well.", "You’ve read the many resume and interview tips from respected sources available for free online, and scoured online job boards and newspaper classifieds. Some other places to look for leads in your job search include:", "Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor, CareerOneStop lists hundreds of thousands of jobs. It also links to employment and training programs in each state, including programs for people with disabilities, minorities, older workers, veterans, welfare recipients, and young people. For federal jobs, all open federal positions are announced to the public on usajobs.gov.", "Your state’s Department of Labor may have job listings or be able to point you to local job offices that offer counseling and referrals. Local and county human resources offices provide some placement assistance, too. They can give you the names of other groups that may be helpful, such as labor unions or federally-funded vocational programs.", "Whether it’s a four-year university or community college, see what help yours can offer. If you’re not a current or former student, some still may let you look at their job listings.", "Ask if they can point you to information on writing a resume, interviewing, or compiling a list of companies and organizations to contact about job openings.", "For problems with an employment-service firm, contact the appropriate state licensing board (if these firms must be licensed in your state), your state Attorney General, and your local consumer protection agency.", "To learn about credit and background checks when you’re looking for a job, read What to Know When You Look For a Job." ] }, "parsed_md": "Job Scams | FTC Consumer Information\n\nJump to Navigation\n\n## Federal Trade Commission\n\nConsumer Information\n\nconsumer.ftc.gov\n\nespañol\n\nMain Menu\n\nSearch\n\n * Money & Credit\n\n * Shopping & Saving\n * Buying & Owning a Car\n * Credit & Loans\n * Dealing with Debt\n * Resolving Consumer Problems\n * Homes & Mortgages\n\n * Home Loans\n * Home Improvement\n * Saving Energy at Home\n * Renting & Timeshares\n * Health & Fitness\n\n * Healthy Living\n * Treatments & Cures\n * Weight Loss & Fitness\n * Jobs & Making Money\n\n * Education & Training\n * Job Hunting\n\n * Background Checks: Tips For Job Applicants and Employees\n * Finding a Job\n * Government Job Scams\n * Look Out for Modeling Scams\n * Mystery Shopper Scams\n * Working from Home\n * Going into Business\n * Investments & Grants\n * Privacy, Identity & Online Security\n\n * Limiting Unwanted Calls and Emails\n * Online Security\n * Protecting Kids Online\n * Identity Theft\n * Scams\n\n * Blog\n * Video & Media\n\n## You are here\n\nHome › Jobs & Making Money › Job Hunting › Job Scams\n\n * Vea esta página en español\n\n# Job Scams\n\n## Share this page\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Linked-In\n\nScammers know that finding a job can be tough. To trick people looking for\nhonest work, scammers advertise where real employers and job placement firms\ndo. They also make upbeat promises about your chances of employment, and\nvirtually all of them ask you to pay them for their services before you get a\njob. But the promise of a job isn’t the same thing as a job. If you have to\npay for the promise, it’s likely a scam.\n\n * Signs of a Job Scam\n * Job Placement Services\n * Where to Look for Jobs\n * Report a Job Scam\n\n## Signs of a Job Scam\n\nScammers advertise jobs where legitimate employers do — online, in newspapers,\nand even on TV and radio. Here’s how to tell whether a job lead may be a scam:\n\n### You need to pay to get the job\n\nThey may say they’ve got a job waiting, or guarantee to place you in a job, if\nyou just pay a fee for certification, training materials, or their expenses\nplacing you with a company. But after you pay, the job doesn’t materialize.\nEmployers and employment firms shouldn’t ask you to pay for the promise of a\njob.\n\n### You need to supply your credit card or bank account information\n\nDon't give out your credit card or bank account information over the phone to\na company unless you're familiar with them and have agreed to pay for\nsomething. Anyone who has your account information can use it.\n\n### The ad is for \"previously undisclosed\" federal government jobs\n\nInformation about available federal jobs is free. And all federal positions\nare announced to the public on usajobs.gov. Don’t believe anyone who promises\nyou a federal or postal job.\n\n## Job Placement Services\n\nMany job placement services are legitimate. But others lie about what they’ll\ndo for you, promote outdated or fake job openings, or charge up-front fees for\nservices that may not lead to a job. In fact, they might not even return your\ncalls once you pay.\n\nBefore you enlist a company’s help:\n\n### Check with the hiring company\n\nIf a company or organization is mentioned in an ad or interview, contact that\ncompany to find out if the company really is hiring through the service.\n\n### Get details — in writing\n\nWhat’s the cost, what will you get, and who pays — you or the company that\nhires you? What happens if the service doesn’t find a job for you or any real\nleads? If they’re reluctant to answer your questions, or give confusing\nanswers, you should be reluctant to work with them.\n\nGet a copy of the contract with the placement firm, and read it carefully. A\nlegitimate company will give you time to read the contract and decide, not\npressure you into signing then and there. Make sure any promises — including\nrefund promises — are in writing. Some listing services and \"consultants\"\nwrite ads to sound like jobs, but that’s just a marketing trick: They're\nreally selling general information about getting a job — information you can\nfind for free on your own.\n\n### Know whether it’s job placement or job counseling\n\nExecutive or career counseling services help people with career directions and\ndecisions. They may offer services like skills identification and self-\nevaluation, resume preparation, letter writing, and interview techniques, and\ngeneral information about companies or organizations in a particular location\nor job field.\n\nBut job placement isn’t guaranteed. Fees can be as high as thousands of\ndollars, and you often have to pay first.\n\nThe National Career Development Association (NCDA) offers some tips on finding\nand choosing a career counselor, and explains the different types of\ncounselors active in the field.\n\n### Check for complaints\n\nYour local consumer protection agency, state Attorney General's Office, and\nthe Better Business Bureau can tell you whether any complaints have been filed\nabout a company. Just keep in mind that a lack of complaints doesn’t mean the\nbusiness is on the up-and-up. You may want to do an internet search with the\nname of the company and words like review, scam, or complaint. Look through\nseveral pages of search results. And check out articles about the company in\nnewspapers, magazines, or online, as well.\n\n## Where to Look for Jobs\n\nYou’ve read the many resume and interview tips from respected sources\navailable for free online, and scoured online job boards and newspaper\nclassifieds. Some other places to look for leads in your job search include:\n\n### CareerOneStop\n\nSponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor, CareerOneStop lists hundreds of\nthousands of jobs. It also links to employment and training programs in each\nstate, including programs for people with disabilities, minorities, older\nworkers, veterans, welfare recipients, and young people. For federal jobs, all\nopen federal positions are announced to the public on usajobs.gov.\n\n### State and county offices\n\nYour state’s Department of Labor may have job listings or be able to point you\nto local job offices that offer counseling and referrals. Local and county\nhuman resources offices provide some placement assistance, too. They can give\nyou the names of other groups that may be helpful, such as labor unions or\nfederally-funded vocational programs.\n\n### College career service offices\n\nWhether it’s a four-year university or community college, see what help yours\ncan offer. If you’re not a current or former student, some still may let you\nlook at their job listings.\n\n### Your library\n\nAsk if they can point you to information on writing a resume, interviewing, or\ncompiling a list of companies and organizations to contact about job openings.\n\n## Report a Job Scam\n\nIf you’ve been targeted by a job scam, file a complaint with the FTC.\n\nFor problems with an employment-service firm, contact the appropriate state\nlicensing board (if these firms must be licensed in your state), your state\nAttorney General, and your local consumer protection agency.\n\nTo learn about credit and background checks when you’re looking for a job,\nread What to Know When You Look For a Job.\n\nTagged with: job search, jobs, scam\n\nOctober 2013\n\n## Related Items\n\n * How to File a Complaint\n\n * What to Do If You Were Scammed\n\n## Stay Connected\n\n * LinkedIn\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n\n * FTC.gov\n * Privacy Policy\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n\n * File a Consumer Complaint\n * Register for Do Not Call\n * Report Identity Theft\n\n * Get Your Free Credit Report\n * Order Free Resources\n * Get Email Updates\n\n" } ]
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How To Get Blood out of Cotton
To get blood out of cotton, start by rinsing the stain with cold water. Then, scrub the stain with some liquid dish soap to get out as much of the blood as possible. When no more blood will come out, try sprinkling some salt on the stain and letting it sit for several minutes. You can also apply a baking soda paste to the stain and let it sit overnight. If it's a light-colored fabric, pour hydrogen peroxide over the stain, let it sit for a few minutes, and then scrub the stain with your finger or an old toothbrush.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20150515164233/http://www.rd.com/slideshows/how-to-remove-blood-stains/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201207101312/https://www.mamaslaundrytalk.com/stain-removal-101-how-to-remove-blood-from-fabric/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180918111518/https://www.realsimple.com/home-organizing/cleaning/cleaning-stain-removal/remove-blood-stains", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112021309/https://www.teenvogue.com/story/how-to-clean-period-stains" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.rd.com/slideshows/how-to-remove-blood-stains/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150515164233/http://www.rd.com/slideshows/how-to-remove-blood-stains/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Blood Stain Removal: 8 Common Items That Do the Trick", "passages": [ "Wondering how to remove blood stains? Work as quickly as possible with these household items to save your soiled clothes.", "Whether you nick yourself while shaving, or receive an unexpected scratch, it’s important to treat the stains on your clothing as soon as possible; blood stains are relatively easy to remove before they set but can be nearly impossible to wash out after 24 hours. If you can get to the stain before it sets, treat it by pouring full-strength white vinegar on the spot. Let it soak in for 5-10 minutes, then blot well with a cloth or towel. Repeat if necessary, then wash immediately. See more extraordinary uses for vinegar »", "Whether you nick yourself while shaving, or receive an unexpected scratch, it’s important to treat the stains on your clothing...", "Rub out perspiration, blood, and urine stains on clothing by dabbing the area with a half-strength solution of ammonia and water before laundering. See more extraordinary uses for ammonia »", "Rub out perspiration, blood, and urine stains on clothing by dabbing the area with a half-strength solution of ammonia and water...", "This works only on fresh bloodstains: Apply 3% hydrogen peroxide directly to the stain, rinse with fresh water, and launder as usual. See more extraordinary uses for hydrogen peroxide »", "This works only on fresh bloodstains: Apply 3% hydrogen peroxide directly to the stain, rinse with fresh water, and launder as...", "This trick is great for bloodstains that happen outside of the home. Instead of waiting to treat the stain when you get home, grab the nearest bottle of cola (yes, soda pop!) and begin soaking the stain. Aim to soak the stain in cola overnight for best results. See more extraordinary uses for soda »", "This trick is great for bloodstains that happen outside of the home. Instead of waiting to treat the stain when you get home...", "Pretreat bloodstains with WD-40. Spray some directly on the stains, wait a couple of minutes, and then launder as usual. The WD-40 will help lift the stain so that it will come out easily in the wash. Try to get to the stain while it is still fresh, because once it sets, it will be harder to get rid of. Use WD-40 to pretreat other stubborn stains on clothing, such as lipstick, dirt, grease, and ink stains. See more extraordinary uses for WD-40 »", "Pretreat bloodstains with WD-40. Spray some directly on the stains, wait a couple of minutes, and then launder as usual. The...", "The quicker you act, the better. Whether it’s on clothing or table linens, you can remove or reduce a bloodstain with this method. Make a paste of cornstarch mixed with cold water. Cover the spot with the cornstarch paste and rub it gently into the fabric. Now put the cloth in a sunny location to dry. Once dry, brush off the remaining residue. If the stain is not completely gone, repeat the process. See more extraordinary uses for cornstarch »", "The quicker you act, the better. Whether it’s on clothing or table linens, you can remove or reduce a bloodstain with this...", "To remove fresh bloodstains from clothing or furniture, make a paste of water and talcum powder and apply it to the spot. When it dries, brush away the stain. Substitute cornstarch or cornmeal if you are out of talcum powder. See more extraordinary uses for talcum powder »", "To remove fresh bloodstains from clothing or furniture, make a paste of water and talcum powder and apply it to the spot. When it...", "As quickly as possible, soak a bloodstained item of clothing in a pot of cold salt water. After it soaks for 3-4 hours, rub the stain with liquid detergent and throw it in the wash. See more extraordinary uses for salt »", "As quickly as possible, soak a bloodstained item of clothing in a pot of cold salt water. After it soaks for 3-4 hours, rub the...", "* 12 Historical Predictions That Completely, Utterly Missed the Mark\nElvis should stick to his day job? Excessive smoking plays a minor...>>" ] }, "parsed_md": "Blood Stain Removal: 8 Common Items That Do the Trick | Reader's Digest\n\n### Get Our Best Deal!\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Large Print\n * Digital Editions\n\n * Health\n\n * Diabetes\n * Diet & Weight Loss\n * Everyday Wellness\n * Healthy Eating\n * Health Care\n * Fitness\n * Conditions\n * Food\n\n * Food Fun & News\n * Recipes & Cooking\n * Advice\n\n * Parenting\n * Pets\n * Relationships\n * Saving Money\n * Travel\n * Work & Career\n * Home\n\n * Cleaning & Organizing\n * Decorating\n * Gardening\n * Home Improvement\n * Cyber Safety\n * True Stories\n\n * Share Your 100-Word Story\n * Love Stories\n * Inspiring Stories\n * Amazing Survival Stories\n * Jokes\n\n * Knock-Knock Jokes\n * Corny Jokes\n * Funny One-Liners\n * Riddles\n * All Funny Jokes\n * Cartoons\n * Funny Stuff\n * Submit Your Joke\n * Games\n\n * Free Online Games\n * Sweepstakes and Prizes\n * Shop\n\nHomepage /\n\n * Home /\n * Cleaning & Organizing\n\n# 8 Common Items That Remove Blood Stains\n\nWondering how to remove blood stains? Work as quickly as possible with these\nhousehold items to save your soiled clothes.\n\nFrom Extraordinary Uses for Ordinary Things (Reader's Digest Association\nBooks)\n\n * * Tweet\n\n * * Pocket\n\n * Pin It\n\n * * Print\n\n * * E-mail\n\nSingle-page view\n\nLoading\n\n← →\n\niStockphoto/Thinkstock\n\n * Prev\n * 1 / 9\n * Next\n\n## Vinegar\n\nWhether you nick yourself while shaving, or receive an unexpected scratch,\nit’s important to treat the stains on your clothing as soon as possible; blood\nstains are relatively easy to remove before they set but can be nearly\nimpossible to wash out after 24 hours. If you can get to the stain before it\nsets, treat it by pouring full-strength white vinegar on the spot. Let it soak\nin for 5-10 minutes, then blot well with a cloth or towel. Repeat if\nnecessary, then wash immediately. See more extraordinary uses for vinegar »\n\n * Prev\n * 1 / 9\n * Next\n\nWhether you nick yourself while shaving, or receive an unexpected scratch,\nit’s important to treat the stains on your clothing...\n\n * MORE:\n * Cleaning & Organizing,\n * Extraordinary Uses,\n * Organizing & Cleaning\n\n← →\n\niStock/Thinkstock\n\n * Prev\n * 2 / 9\n * Next\n\n## Ammonia\n\nRub out perspiration, blood, and urine stains on clothing by dabbing the area\nwith a half-strength solution of ammonia and water before laundering. See more\nextraordinary uses for ammonia »\n\n * Prev\n * 2 / 9\n * Next\n\nRub out perspiration, blood, and urine stains on clothing by dabbing the area\nwith a half-strength solution of ammonia and water...\n\n * MORE:\n * Cleaning & Organizing,\n * Extraordinary Uses,\n * Organizing & Cleaning\n\n← →\n\niStock/Thinkstock\n\n * Prev\n * 3 / 9\n * Next\n\n## Hydrogen Peroxide\n\nThis works only on fresh bloodstains: Apply 3% hydrogen peroxide directly to\nthe stain, rinse with fresh water, and launder as usual. See more\nextraordinary uses for hydrogen peroxide »\n\n * Prev\n * 3 / 9\n * Next\n\nThis works only on fresh bloodstains: Apply 3% hydrogen peroxide directly to\nthe stain, rinse with fresh water, and launder as...\n\n * MORE:\n * Cleaning & Organizing,\n * Extraordinary Uses,\n * Organizing & Cleaning\n\n← →\n\n * Prev\n * 4 / 9\n * Next\n\n## Cola\n\nThis trick is great for bloodstains that happen outside of the home. Instead\nof waiting to treat the stain when you get home, grab the nearest bottle of\ncola (yes, soda pop!) and begin soaking the stain. Aim to soak the stain in\ncola overnight for best results. See more extraordinary uses for soda »\n\n * Prev\n * 4 / 9\n * Next\n\nThis trick is great for bloodstains that happen outside of the home. Instead\nof waiting to treat the stain when you get home...\n\n * MORE:\n * Cleaning & Organizing,\n * Extraordinary Uses,\n * Organizing & Cleaning\n\n← →\n\nJorge Barrios via Wikimedia Commons\n\n * Prev\n * 5 / 9\n * Next\n\n## WD-40\n\nPretreat bloodstains with WD-40. Spray some directly on the stains, wait a\ncouple of minutes, and then launder as usual. The WD-40 will help lift the\nstain so that it will come out easily in the wash. Try to get to the stain\nwhile it is still fresh, because once it sets, it will be harder to get rid\nof. Use WD-40 to pretreat other stubborn stains on clothing, such as lipstick,\ndirt, grease, and ink stains. See more extraordinary uses for WD-40 »\n\n * Prev\n * 5 / 9\n * Next\n\nPretreat bloodstains with WD-40. Spray some directly on the stains, wait a\ncouple of minutes, and then launder as usual. The...\n\n * MORE:\n * Cleaning & Organizing,\n * Extraordinary Uses,\n * Organizing & Cleaning\n\n← →\n\niStockphoto/Thinkstock\n\n * Prev\n * 6 / 9\n * Next\n\n## Cornstarch\n\nThe quicker you act, the better. Whether it’s on clothing or table linens, you\ncan remove or reduce a bloodstain with this method. Make a paste of cornstarch\nmixed with cold water. Cover the spot with the cornstarch paste and rub it\ngently into the fabric. Now put the cloth in a sunny location to dry. Once\ndry, brush off the remaining residue. If the stain is not completely gone,\nrepeat the process. See more extraordinary uses for cornstarch »\n\n * Prev\n * 6 / 9\n * Next\n\nThe quicker you act, the better. Whether it’s on clothing or table linens, you\ncan remove or reduce a bloodstain with this...\n\n * MORE:\n * Cleaning & Organizing,\n * Extraordinary Uses,\n * Organizing & Cleaning\n\n← →\n\niStock/Thinkstock\n\n * Prev\n * 7 / 9\n * Next\n\n## Talcum Powder\n\nTo remove fresh bloodstains from clothing or furniture, make a paste of water\nand talcum powder and apply it to the spot. When it dries, brush away the\nstain. Substitute cornstarch or cornmeal if you are out of talcum powder. See\nmore extraordinary uses for talcum powder »\n\n * Prev\n * 7 / 9\n * Next\n\nTo remove fresh bloodstains from clothing or furniture, make a paste of water\nand talcum powder and apply it to the spot. When it...\n\n * MORE:\n * Cleaning & Organizing,\n * Extraordinary Uses,\n * Organizing & Cleaning\n\n← →\n\niStock/Thinkstock\n\n * Prev\n * 8 / 9\n * Next\n\n## Cold Salt Water\n\nAs quickly as possible, soak a bloodstained item of clothing in a pot of cold\nsalt water. After it soaks for 3-4 hours, rub the stain with liquid detergent\nand throw it in the wash. See more extraordinary uses for salt »\n\n * Prev\n * 8 / 9\n * Next\n\nAs quickly as possible, soak a bloodstained item of clothing in a pot of cold\nsalt water. After it soaks for 3-4 hours, rub the...\n\n * MORE:\n * Cleaning & Organizing,\n * Extraordinary Uses,\n * Organizing & Cleaning\n\n← →\n\n * Prev\n * Next\n\n## Your Comments\n\nblog comments powered by Disqus\n\n * ## FOLLOW US\n\n * ## In Case You Missed It\n\n * 12 Things You Should Really Never Microwave\n\nPopping the wrong foods, containers, or mugs in the microwave could...>>\n\n * 12 Historical Predictions That Completely, Utterly Missed the Mark\n\nElvis should stick to his day job? Excessive smoking plays a minor...>>\n\n * Does Coffee Dehydrate? Stunt Growth? 8 Important Coffee Questions, Answered\n\n * Before ‘The Jinx': A Gripping 2002 Account of Robert Durst’s Link to 3 Grisly Murders\n\nAlmost 13 years ago, Reader's Digest published a gripping story about...>>\n\n * 4 Incredible Times When Dogs Saved Their Owners and Became Heroes\n\nSaving lives, comforting strangers, battling bears: Do dogs have...>>\n\nLoading data wait...\n\n * #### Readersdigest.com\n\n * Health\n * Food\n * Advice\n * Home\n * True Stories\n * Jokes\n * Games\n\n * #### Shortcuts:\n\n * Newsletters\n * Tablets & E-Readers\n * Shop Our Store\n * Sweepstakes & Submissions\n * LifeRich Publishing ®\n\n * #### About:\n\n * Media Kit\n * Contact Us\n * Your Privacy Rights\n * Terms & Conditions\n\n * #### Reader’s Digest Magazine:\n\n * Subscribe\n * Customer Care\n * Tablets & E-Readers\n\n * © 2015 The Reader's Digest Association, Inc.\n\n * Newsletters\n * Tablets & E-Readers\n * Shop Our Store\n * Sweepstakes & Submissions\n * LifeRich Publishing ®\n\n * Customer Care\n * Contact Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mamaslaundrytalk.com/stain-removal-101-how-to-remove-blood-from-fabric/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201207101312/https://www.mamaslaundrytalk.com/stain-removal-101-how-to-remove-blood-from-fabric/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Remove Blood Stains", "passages": [ "Whether you accidentally cut yourself in the kitchen or your child brushes his freshly scraped knee on you, the results are the same: a ruined outfit.", "You can revive your favorite shirt with this step by step guide to remove blood stains – fresh or dried.", "Here are some helpful things to know about blood before you get started in trying to remove it from your favorite outfit.", "★ If you do use heat in any form (wet or dry) you will never be able to remove the stain in all likelihood.", "★ Other home remedy stain removers such as alcohol or peroxide may work on removing blood from fabric but I highly doubt it.", "Those types of removers are solvents and work best on non-water soluble stains such as ink, wax, crayon, betadine, or makeup.", "The quicker you are able to deal with the blood stain, the better. Fresh blood is fairly easy to remove in fact.", "And by ‘fresh’ blood I mean a garment or fabric that has had blood on it for less than about 10-30 minutes or so.", "Rinse the stain under cold running water. Slightly agitate the fabric with your finger, ensuring that cold water reaches the interior of the fabric.", "Continue to rinse liberally under cold, running water. You can typically see the blood stain start to lighten in color. If you’ve caught the stain early enough, you might even see it disappear under the running water.", "If you are able, wash the item immediately in the washing machine. Wash the garment on the setting you usually would using cool or warm water. Also use a scoop of Oxi Clean or other enzyme cleaner in the wash cycle. Enzyme cleaners are exceptional at removing protein-based stains.", "If you are unable to wash immediately, leave it to soak in a panful of cold water. Use only cold water in the bucket or pan. There is no need to use any other detergents or laundry additives when soaking.", "Let the item hang dry. Do not dry it in the dryer. When an item is wet, it will fool you into looking as if the stain has completely disappeared.", "The only real way to know if the stain is completely removed is when the clothing item is dry. If you dry it in the dryer it will set the remaining stain in, so always hang dry.", "Why cold water? Cold water will prevent the stain from setting in until you are able to launder it. You can leave the stain in water for 10-12 hours, but not much longer.", "Drench the stain with water as you would do with fresh blood. Agitate the fabric gently with your finger while holding the item under cold, running water. This will help lift up the fibers of the fabric, and allow the stain to more readily come out. Note: Do not pick at the stain. If there is a significant portion of dried blood trapped in the fabric, it will be removed either under the running water or in the next step. If you pick at the fabric, you might break the fibers which would put a hole in your garment. This isn’t the result you’re after.", "After you’ve saturated the stain in cold running water, you’ll need to do The Soak. The Soak involves soaking your clothing item in Oxi Clean (or another enzyme-based cleaner) for a length of time. It’s not hard, but it is a little time consuming. I’ve written detailed instructions with pictures for The Soak so click on over if you need to use this method.", "Hang the garment to dry. It bears repeating that wet clothes will fool you! The only sure way to know that the stain is removed is by allowing it to hang dry and then assess the results.", "But don’t give up too early – most blood stains can be removed even if they are old and dried.", "→ If at all possible, dry your clothes in the sunshine. As I’ve said a million times, the sun has wonderful stain-removing properties especially with protein-based stains like blood. Make sure the stained area is in direct sunlight for optimum results.", "→ If you have a washing machine that has a ‘Steam Treat’ cycle, set it on this cycle for blood stain removal. It works like a charm to completely remove the stain.", "Follow the directions carefully on the bleach container. Also, if you have hard water (well water), the bleach can possibly make the blood stain worse.", "→ If you have bed sheets that are stained with blood, they can be cumbersome to treat using the previous stain removal advice. To make it easier, remove the sheets from the bed and put in the washer.", "If you have a top-loader, run a rinse cycle. Then launder if possible. If not, run the top-loader full of cold water and let them soak until you are able to wash them.", "If you have a front-loader, run a rinse cycle. Some front-loaders allow for a ‘Soak Cycle’. Use whatever cycle your machine offers that will let the sheets soak in cold water for the longest time possible. Then launder on cool or warm. Hang sheets to dry on the line if possible.", "My son used to get nose bleeds when he was little & I always found that spraying a little peroxide on the blood stain & washing in cold water did the trick. It also works on grass stains as well.", "Just try the peroxide on blood stain and it work very quickly . I am very impress with simple solution!", "Living on a farm my husband gets blood in his clothes frequently. We have found that Peroxide on the stain, even after it has dried works great.", "I also have had good luck with peroxide. When I was in the hospital the nurse drawing my blood got it all over my gown. I dabbed it on untill the stain was out.", "I would agree with the commenters above who say hydrogen peroxide has worked for them for blood stain removal. It is actually one of the two ingredients that Oxiclean forms when it is mixed with water — hydrogen peroxide and washing soda. That is why Oxiclean works so well on blood stains. I’ve also used Carbona Stain Devil # 4 for blood stains with great success. I pour it on and the stain disappears immediately, with just a bit of rubbing, even before laundering. I even used this on a mattress pad I bled on after my time of the month!", "I have a small blood stain that has dried on my cream curtains, I’ve tried the salt solution but it didn’t work. I’m a bit scared to use hydrogen peroxide in case it bleaches fabric, what do you advise! I also tried WD40, nothing!!", "I would always assume peroxide will bleach the fabric unless you know for absolute sure it won’t. It’s a bleach. There are a lot of commercial enzyme stain treaters like OxyClean spray, Zout, Shout, etc. that will work on colored fabric without bleaching it most of the time.", "I poured Amonia on blood stain from a broken vessel in my nose. It was a day after I came home from hospital & it vanished immediately, but I left it in a bowl of cold water. No stains remained.", "Salt will also remove blood. Saturate the stain with cold water, pour on salt, add a little water to make a “salt paste”. Let sit overnight.", "Hi, I have a problem that I hope you can help with. I bought a new couch a couple months ago that is a corduroy type fabric, DRY CLEAN ONLY Type S. My cat walked across it with a hurt paw and left bloody prints. I had purchased a warranty for stains and called the company. First they sent me the wrong product; for washable fabrics, then sent me the appropriate dry cleaner several days later. Since the stain is now 2 weeks old, I am having problems lifting the stain completely. It is a light sage green colored fabric and the stain still shows. Is there anything else I can do? I have the feeling that the company won’t be of much help. Note to self (and others) beware of these warranties, I paid $100. (to cover couch and loveseat) for a very small bottle of cleaner that doesn’t work. And they said it only covers one stain event! Thanks for any advise you have.", "Patrice, I am not very experienced in upholstery stains. My bloggy friend Taylor from Stain Removal 101 is the girl to talk to. Here is a post she wrote on cleaning upholstery stains. Scroll down to the bottom of the post and she addresses Type S stains.", "I used hydrogen peroxide on my seafoam green couch. I just poured a little on, waited for it to bubble, dabbed it up and poured a little more on. I have used hydrogen peroxide to get blood out of all sorts of things. I think it would be worth a try if you are out of options. I know a lot of people worry about hydrogen peroxide bleaching their fabrics, but it is a color safe bleach. I use some with every load of laundry for several years and never have any problems.", "You are very fortunate it didn’t remove the color from the fabric! It does depend on the type of fabric, though.", "I washed an ink pen with ALL of my scrubs many years ago and ruined the whole load. All of my uniforms! It was tragic. I tried to get the ink out with hydrogen peroxide and it bleached them terribly.", "My advice is to use it on an inside seam and see if it will lift the color. If it doesn’t, you’re good to go!", "Ah, thanks so much! Put my sheets in the cold washer, and watched the stain actually start disappearing when I held it under the cold water. Absolutely wonderful! I think I know where to go if I have any more laundry questions.", "Recently, my mom’s dog had a problem with his ear. it wouldn’t stop bleeding. My mom applied pressure and it would stop just long enough for her to set him down. The dog would shake his head and blood went everywhere. We had a 2 hour drive and finally made it home. Mom’s skirt was full of blood. She took a shower and put the skirt in the laundry hamper. I had planned to do laundry that day. Well, things came up and i finally got to the skirt 4 days later. So, it was dried in. I wish now I had taken pictures of before and after.", "I soaked the skirt in peroxide. And hung it up to dry. There were a few spots where the blood was heavy and the stain didn’t come out. So, i soaked it again. All the stains are gone and I’m a firm believer that the peroxide will get out any blood stain!", "Karen, I’m so glad that the blood came out of your mom’s skirt. Yes, peroxide will get out most any blood stain, but it will also bleach some types of fabric. Glad you got out unscathed. 😉", "I had a very unsightly blood stain on my white sheets but surprisingly I removed it pretty easy. What I have done was to soak the sheets in cold water and 2 tablespoons of salt for 30 minutes, and then to wash them in my washing machine at the lowest possible temperature. After this the stain was completely gone.", "Soap is the best solution ... trust me! rub soap on the blood area. leave it for 3 minutes. then rub and raise it with water. 100% works!", "I spat on it and rubbed... blood stain still there Tide To Go stick... blood stain still there Tide With Bleach Alternative... blood stain still there Purex Plus Oxi and Zout... blood stain still there Water and salt... blood stain still there", "I was feeling SOOO frustrated and was ready to give up when my friend told me to buy a lemon, cut it in half, and rub it all over the dried blood stain. She says for sure it will get it out. She’s done it a million times. So I did what she said, and LITERALLY, 30 seconds later, the dried blood stain was COMPLETELY GONE!!!! I LITERALLY saw it disappear right in front of my eyes!!!! As if it was never there!!!", "My husband got blood (from shaving) on a white shirt last night which dried. I just sat it in bleach today (just the neck part with the blood on) for 3 hours then the blood totally vanished! It’s now in the washing machine. If it’s white clothing just apply regular bleach.", "Yes, you can apply bleach, but you must be careful due to the type of fabric. Bleach can quickly eat a hole in some fabrics when used full strength.", "Also, the blood wasn’t on your husband’s shirt for long, so it hadn’t had time to set. Since you washed it so quickly (good for you!!), you had a great chance of removing it.", "So, I went to this forum after having one of my favorite dresses (100% cotton) dry cleaned with a blood stain. After looking at all of the forums, I was convinced that because the stain had presumably “bonded” with the fabric, there was no hope! However, a bit of dish washing detergent (thanks “the cat did it”), a healthy dosing of “Shout” and some concentrated scratching with my fingernail followed by vigorously rubbing the cloth together, the stain slowly began to fade, and with significantly sore hands in the process, by the end the stain was gone. Because I did all of this I’m not sure what did the trick and what part of this process might have been expendable, but I was THRILLED! I’m telling you that this stain was thoroughly entrenched so if it worked in this situation, it should work for most!!", "Great article. I am going to try with peroxide next time. I have a son who is really naughty. He so often heart himself that I am getting used to clean blood from his clothes. Thank you for sharing your article! Greets!", "Cloth diapering mom here! You don’t need to wait for a sunny day to get organic stains out of fabric! Even on a cloudy day the UV rays that break down stains can get down to earth! I set my daughter’s diapers in front of the window when they get a little too dingy and they are perfectly white after a day, even when it’s rainy and dismal.", "I got a stain on my bed sheet and thought that putting hot water on it would help. It was so stupid of me and I should’ve done some research first. I thought the hot water was helping because the stain started to get a little bit lighter. Is there anything that I can do now? Please help! As soon as I read this I started dabbing it with cold water but it doesn’t seem to be doing anything.", "Yes, blood sets pretty quickly with hot water, I’m afraid. You can always try doing The Soak to see if that will help!", "Another idea my grandmother taught me as a child (I had MANY nosebleeds) was to take some of my own saliva and dab the blood spot. As it has been stated many times in this article, blood is protein based, and such is your own saliva which will break down your own blood. My grandmother made custom upholstery & slipcovers all her life. Surely she stabbed her fingers a few times with pins and needles. She said over the years you of course would get blood on the fabric. And so a person much older that her back in the 50’s taught her that as soon as she got blood on the fabric to quickly take some of her saliva and rub it on the blood spot and it would come right out....and it surely does!", "My great Aunt worked for Edith Head at Universal studios in Hollywood the 1930s. When blood got on costumes as it often did, they put a wad of threads into their mouth then laid it onto the stain. and left it to its work. The stain disappeared. I have never before heard of this from anyone else except from that dear Aunty. It works. Thanks for the second witness, ellie", "I have used Biz for years to soak blood-stained sheets or clothing and it always worked great. But recently it stopped working and I couldn’t figure out why. I asked the manufacturer if they had changed their formula but they said no. So I tried Oxiclean, and that worked for awhile, even on sheets previously soaked in Biz where the stain hadn’t come out. Oxiclean also worked well on T-shirts for awhile. But then I started noticing that it was bleaching out the color from the area where the stain was, and it changed the texture of the fabric so that the stained/treated area became hard and rough. So I had to quit using it for T-shirts. And then it quit working on sheets! So now I am stuck with several sheets and shirts that have been previously treated in Biz or Oxiclean or both without the stains coming out, and I’m completely baffled as to why these products don’t work any more. I’ve been able to get the blood and rough texture out of some of the shirts by pretreating with Resolve (also called Spray ‘n’ Wash) and washing with regular detergent. But most of the time that doesn’t work. Help!", "Cathy, how strange! I have only had Oxi Clean lift the color on a few garments over the years. It’s rare, but definitely can happen.", "You might just have to go through the gamut of laundry stain removal products before finding one that works well with your particular water and washer. If I were you, I’d start with Rit Super Stain Remover and see if it works. Unlike other Rit products, it’s a stain remover NOT a dye.", "Unlike Oxi Clean, Biz, etc. it goes on specific stain areas and isn’t a stain remover that you pour into the washer. Just FYI.", "I’ve got a couple large-drip-sized dried blood stains on a polyester slipcover. Fortunately the cloth is cranberry-colored, but the stains still show — at least if you know where they are, and enough to bother me. I did dab at the blood with cold water on a paper towel when it was fresh, but haven’t treated it beyond that, and it dried to a couple of dark circles.", "I’m concerned about lifting the color from the fabric, and also about putting the cushion cover (one of two) through the wash, since that might affect its color and the sofa would be mismatched. Same concern for soaking.", "Should I just forget it and count myself lucky that it wasn’t a white sofa? Or is there a way to do it (given the above concerns) that won’t risk making it worse?", "Father helped with laundry and stuck my levi’s in the dryer before i had a chance to check the blood stain. It was not gone. I really like these jeans and was wondering if bleaching them would remove the stain. I have no problem with whitening them if it would work.....", "I was away and my husband cut his finger and got blood on out viscose/nylon off-white velvet bedspread. Even though the label says ‘dry clean only’ do you think I can still try your oxyclean method? Thanks!", "Thank you for all the details and possible solutions you listed in this article, I found it to be very helpful!", "My niece machine dried her fitted sheet without fully removing a menstrual stain first. The sheet is peach colored. I had good luck spot treating the stain with peroxide and then applying heat with an old blow drier that gets too hot to use for anything else. A warm iron should work. The combination of hydrogen peroxide (regular first aid stuff) and heat faded the old set-in stain to invisible after a few tries.", "As a general laundry stain remover, I use equal parts of water / hydrogen peroxide / dish washing liquid (usually a grease-cutting one). I found this combination somewhere on the internet a few years ago (I’m sorry I don’t know to whom I should give credit!), and it’s worked quite well on many types of stains since. I mix it in a spray bottle, spray it on the stain and let it sit for 15 – 30 minutes before washing. It’s worked well on blood for most of my family, but one child’s blood remains stubborn to remove no matter what I do to it. (Her own saliva does work, but bigger stains are a problem.) I have an item with her blood soaking in the solution now, and afterward I am going to try soaking it with salt in the washer as another reader suggested.", "Thank you for this post, Lauren! It is with appreciation to you and other bloggers that I have been able to find successful solutions like this!", "I’m so glad it was helpful! Yes, I too love all of the wonderful information on the internet that makes my home life easier! 🙂 Lauren", "Hey Suzanne, Do you mean will it prevent stain removal in the future? Or does it work well for stain removal? I’m not totally sure what you’re asking. In my experience, dry cleaning can do very well with stain removal on certain fabrics, especially items like wool. The solvents that are used can be specifically applied for grease stains or blood stains or fill-in-the-blank. If your coat is compatible with dry cleaning, I’d say give it a try and see what happens. Warmly, Lauren", "Well I about to make the big mistake of pouring boiling water over the blood stain.. Fortunately, I decided to google and found out to use cold. My stain was relatively small and only a about 10hrs old. I put the cotton fabric stain face down on a colander and then got an ice cube to rub on the stain while the cold water created a puddle. The stain came out immediately.", "I came down to the comments section to say that actually, peroxide IS an excellent solvent for blood stains and stains from pretty much any bodily- fluid-type substance. You can tell this by the way it instantly creates a foam when it comes into contact with this kind of organic matter. If your cat poops in your bathtub and leaves a bile stain (don’t ask), a squirt of peroxide from a spray bottle can make it vanish right before your eyes. But it is a bleach and I wouldn’t use it on anything that you don’t want white.", "I have used Biz for years to soak blood-stained sheets or clothing and it always worked great. I got a stain on my bed sheet and thought that putting hot water on it would help. It was so stupid of me and I should’ve done some research first. I thought the hot water was helping because the stain started to get a little bit lighter. I’ve been able to get the blood and rough texture out of some of the shirts by pretreating with Resolve (also called Spray ‘n’ Wash) and washing with regular detergent. But most of the time that doesn’t work. Help!", "[...] a shout out to You ARE Loved and some great tips for removing blood from fabric. Check it out, Stain Removal 101: How to Remove Blood from Fabric. Filed Under: Blog Project [...]", "I’m so happy you found your way to Mama’s Laundry Talk! You’ll find tons of how-to’s and tips to make your laundry life easier." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Remove Blood Stains - Mama's Laundry Talk\n\nMama's Laundry Talk\n\n# How to Remove Blood Stains\n\nWe’ve all had it happen: you’re wearing your brand new beautiful shirt and you\nsomehow get blood on it.\n\nWhether you accidentally cut yourself in the kitchen or your child brushes his\nfreshly scraped knee on you, the results are the same: a ruined outfit.\n\nBut it doesn’t have to be a total loss.\n\nYou can revive your favorite shirt with this step by step guide to remove\nblood stains – fresh or dried.\n\nNote: this method of removing blood stains works on most fabrics including\ncottons, blends, polyesters and acetates.\n\n## Removing Blood Stains from Clothes\n\nHere are some helpful things to know about blood before you get started in\ntrying to remove it from your favorite outfit.\n\n★ Thankfully, blood is a protein-based stain and these seem to be on the\neasier end of stain removal.\n\n★ Since blood is protein-based, its worst enemy is heat.\n\nDon’t soak in hot water.\n\nDon’t dry in the dryer.\n\nDon’t iron the stain until it is removed to your satisfaction.\n\n★ If you do use heat in any form (wet or dry) you will never be able to remove\nthe stain in all likelihood.\n\n★ Other home remedy stain removers such as alcohol or peroxide may work on\nremoving blood from fabric but I highly doubt it.\n\nThose types of removers are solvents and work best on non-water soluble stains\nsuch as ink, wax, crayon, betadine, or makeup.\n\n## How to Remove Fresh Blood Stains\n\nThe quicker you are able to deal with the blood stain, the better. Fresh blood\nis fairly easy to remove in fact.\n\nAnd by ‘fresh’ blood I mean a garment or fabric that has had blood on it for\nless than about 10-30 minutes or so.\n\n 1. Rinse the stain under cold running water. Slightly agitate the fabric with your finger, ensuring that cold water reaches the interior of the fabric.\n 2. Continue to rinse liberally under cold, running water. You can typically see the blood stain start to lighten in color. If you’ve caught the stain early enough, you might even see it disappear under the running water.\n 3. If you are able, wash the item immediately in the washing machine. Wash the garment on the setting you usually would using cool or warm water. Also use a scoop of Oxi Clean or other enzyme cleaner in the wash cycle. Enzyme cleaners are exceptional at removing protein-based stains.\n 4. If you are unable to wash immediately, leave it to soak in a panful of cold water. Use only cold water in the bucket or pan. There is no need to use any other detergents or laundry additives when soaking.\n 5. Let the item hang dry. Do not dry it in the dryer. When an item is wet, it will fool you into looking as if the stain has completely disappeared.\n\nThe only real way to know if the stain is completely removed is when the\nclothing item is dry. If you dry it in the dryer it will set the remaining\nstain in, so always hang dry.\n\nWhy cold water? Cold water will prevent the stain from setting in until you\nare able to launder it. You can leave the stain in water for 10-12 hours, but\nnot much longer.\n\nRead more here: Laundry Basics: Choosing the Water Temperature\n\n## How to Remove Dried Blood Stains\n\nDried blood can be a little harder to remove, but it is definitely possible.\n\n 1. Drench the stain with water as you would do with fresh blood. Agitate the fabric gently with your finger while holding the item under cold, running water. This will help lift up the fibers of the fabric, and allow the stain to more readily come out. Note: Do not pick at the stain. If there is a significant portion of dried blood trapped in the fabric, it will be removed either under the running water or in the next step. If you pick at the fabric, you might break the fibers which would put a hole in your garment. This isn’t the result you’re after.\n 2. After you’ve saturated the stain in cold running water, you’ll need to do The Soak. The Soak involves soaking your clothing item in Oxi Clean (or another enzyme-based cleaner) for a length of time. It’s not hard, but it is a little time consuming. I’ve written detailed instructions with pictures for The Soak so click on over if you need to use this method.\n 3. After doing The Soak, launder your garment as you usually would in cool or warm water.\n 4. Hang the garment to dry. It bears repeating that wet clothes will fool you! The only sure way to know that the stain is removed is by allowing it to hang dry and then assess the results.\n\nYou might have to wash it in the machine several times before the stain is\nremoved to your satisfaction.\n\nBut don’t give up too early – most blood stains can be removed even if they\nare old and dried.\n\n## A Few More Notes to Help Remove Blood Stains\n\n→ If at all possible, dry your clothes in the sunshine. As I’ve said a million\ntimes, the sun has wonderful stain-removing properties especially with\nprotein-based stains like blood. Make sure the stained area is in direct\nsunlight for optimum results.\n\n→ If you have a washing machine that has a ‘Steam Treat’ cycle, set it on this\ncycle for blood stain removal. It works like a charm to completely remove the\nstain.\n\n→ Chlorine bleach can be used on blood stains. Use very cautiously since:\n\na) bleach can definitely lift the color from a fabric and b) bleach weakens\nfabric fibers when used full-strength.\n\nFollow the directions carefully on the bleach container. Also, if you have\nhard water (well water), the bleach can possibly make the blood stain worse.\n\n→ If you have bed sheets that are stained with blood, they can be cumbersome\nto treat using the previous stain removal advice. To make it easier, remove\nthe sheets from the bed and put in the washer.\n\nIf you have a top-loader, run a rinse cycle. Then launder if possible. If not,\nrun the top-loader full of cold water and let them soak until you are able to\nwash them.\n\nIf you have a front-loader, run a rinse cycle. Some front-loaders allow for a\n‘Soak Cycle’. Use whatever cycle your machine offers that will let the sheets\nsoak in cold water for the longest time possible. Then launder on cool or\nwarm. Hang sheets to dry on the line if possible.\n\n### Do you have specific questions about removing blood stains from clothing\nor fabric?\n\nLeave a comment and I’ll try to help!\n\n * 861shares\n * Facebook39\n * Pinterest43\n * Print147\n * Twitter139\n * Email355\n\n54 Comments\n\n« A Few Little Laundry Links ~ June 2011\n\nShould I Buy A Professional Iron? »\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. codylove says\n\nJune 17, 2011 at 10:28 am\n\nMy son used to get nose bleeds when he was little & I always found that\nspraying a little peroxide on the blood stain & washing in cold water did the\ntrick. It also works on grass stains as well.\n\nReply\n\n * Pamela says\n\nJune 21, 2014 at 9:44 am\n\nJust try the peroxide on blood stain and it work very quickly . I am very\nimpress with simple solution!\n\nPam Nashville,Tn\n\nReply\n\n 2. billi says\n\nJune 17, 2011 at 1:09 pm\n\nLiving on a farm my husband gets blood in his clothes frequently. We have\nfound that Peroxide on the stain, even after it has dried works great.\n\nReply\n\n * mamalaundry says\n\nJune 19, 2011 at 2:20 pm\n\nGood to know! Thanks for commenting 😉\n\n-Lauren\n\nReply\n\n * JanC says\n\nNovember 19, 2014 at 4:10 pm\n\nCathy, What strength peroxide? JC\n\nReply\n\n 3. Cathy Lawson says\n\nJune 22, 2011 at 10:07 am\n\nI also have had good luck with peroxide. When I was in the hospital the nurse\ndrawing my blood got it all over my gown. I dabbed it on untill the stain was\nout.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Taylor at Stain Removal 101 says\n\nJuly 10, 2011 at 12:16 am\n\nI would agree with the commenters above who say hydrogen peroxide has worked\nfor them for blood stain removal. It is actually one of the two ingredients\nthat Oxiclean forms when it is mixed with water — hydrogen peroxide and\nwashing soda. That is why Oxiclean works so well on blood stains. I’ve also\nused Carbona Stain Devil # 4 for blood stains with great success. I pour it on\nand the stain disappears immediately, with just a bit of rubbing, even before\nlaundering. I even used this on a mattress pad I bled on after my time of the\nmonth!\n\nReply\n\n * Robyn Smith says\n\nJune 3, 2016 at 3:41 am\n\nI have a small blood stain that has dried on my cream curtains, I’ve tried the\nsalt solution but it didn’t work. I’m a bit scared to use hydrogen peroxide in\ncase it bleaches fabric, what do you advise! I also tried WD40, nothing!!\n\nReply\n\n * Virginia Golden says\n\nSeptember 5, 2018 at 7:18 pm\n\nI would always assume peroxide will bleach the fabric unless you know for\nabsolute sure it won’t. It’s a bleach. There are a lot of commercial enzyme\nstain treaters like OxyClean spray, Zout, Shout, etc. that will work on\ncolored fabric without bleaching it most of the time.\n\nReply\n\n * Bev says\n\nApril 7, 2018 at 7:29 pm\n\nI poured Amonia on blood stain from a broken vessel in my nose. It was a day\nafter I came home from hospital & it vanished immediately, but I left it in a\nbowl of cold water. No stains remained.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Kathirynne says\n\nJuly 29, 2011 at 12:52 pm\n\nSalt will also remove blood. Saturate the stain with cold water, pour on salt,\nadd a little water to make a “salt paste”. Let sit overnight.\n\nReply\n\n * mamalaundry says\n\nAugust 1, 2011 at 9:46 pm\n\nI’ve never heard of using salt! I’ll have to try that next time.\n\nThanks! -Lauren\n\nReply\n\n 6. Patrice says\n\nFebruary 3, 2012 at 11:01 am\n\nHi, I have a problem that I hope you can help with. I bought a new couch a\ncouple months ago that is a corduroy type fabric, DRY CLEAN ONLY Type S. My\ncat walked across it with a hurt paw and left bloody prints. I had purchased a\nwarranty for stains and called the company. First they sent me the wrong\nproduct; for washable fabrics, then sent me the appropriate dry cleaner\nseveral days later. Since the stain is now 2 weeks old, I am having problems\nlifting the stain completely. It is a light sage green colored fabric and the\nstain still shows. Is there anything else I can do? I have the feeling that\nthe company won’t be of much help. Note to self (and others) beware of these\nwarranties, I paid $100. (to cover couch and loveseat) for a very small bottle\nof cleaner that doesn’t work. And they said it only covers one stain event!\nThanks for any advise you have.\n\nReply\n\n * mamalaundry says\n\nFebruary 4, 2012 at 12:09 pm\n\nPatrice, I am not very experienced in upholstery stains. My bloggy friend\nTaylor from Stain Removal 101 is the girl to talk to. Here is a post she wrote\non cleaning upholstery stains. Scroll down to the bottom of the post and she\naddresses Type S stains.\n\nI’m sure she’d be happy to help you if you have questions.\n\n-Lauren\n\nReply\n\n * Deborah says\n\nSeptember 28, 2017 at 4:16 pm\n\nI used hydrogen peroxide on my seafoam green couch. I just poured a little on,\nwaited for it to bubble, dabbed it up and poured a little more on. I have used\nhydrogen peroxide to get blood out of all sorts of things. I think it would be\nworth a try if you are out of options. I know a lot of people worry about\nhydrogen peroxide bleaching their fabrics, but it is a color safe bleach. I\nuse some with every load of laundry for several years and never have any\nproblems.\n\nReply\n\n * Lauren Hill says\n\nOctober 10, 2017 at 6:06 pm\n\nYou are very fortunate it didn’t remove the color from the fabric! It does\ndepend on the type of fabric, though.\n\nI washed an ink pen with ALL of my scrubs many years ago and ruined the whole\nload. All of my uniforms! It was tragic. I tried to get the ink out with\nhydrogen peroxide and it bleached them terribly.\n\nMy advice is to use it on an inside seam and see if it will lift the color. If\nit doesn’t, you’re good to go!\n\n-Lauren 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 7. Taylor says\n\nFebruary 25, 2012 at 8:33 am\n\nAh, thanks so much! Put my sheets in the cold washer, and watched the stain\nactually start disappearing when I held it under the cold water. Absolutely\nwonderful! I think I know where to go if I have any more laundry questions.\n\nReply\n\n * mamalaundry says\n\nMarch 22, 2012 at 10:07 pm\n\nSo glad the stain came out so well! It’s so nice to watch it disappear before\none’s eyes!\n\nReply\n\n 8. Ashanti Sanner says\n\nSeptember 7, 2012 at 6:09 pm\n\nReally informative blog.Thanks Again. Cool.\n\nReply\n\n 9. Karen says\n\nOctober 12, 2012 at 1:15 pm\n\nRecently, my mom’s dog had a problem with his ear. it wouldn’t stop bleeding.\nMy mom applied pressure and it would stop just long enough for her to set him\ndown. The dog would shake his head and blood went everywhere. We had a 2 hour\ndrive and finally made it home. Mom’s skirt was full of blood. She took a\nshower and put the skirt in the laundry hamper. I had planned to do laundry\nthat day. Well, things came up and i finally got to the skirt 4 days later.\nSo, it was dried in. I wish now I had taken pictures of before and after.\n\nI soaked the skirt in peroxide. And hung it up to dry. There were a few spots\nwhere the blood was heavy and the stain didn’t come out. So, i soaked it\nagain. All the stains are gone and I’m a firm believer that the peroxide will\nget out any blood stain!\n\nReply\n\n * mamalaundry says\n\nOctober 12, 2012 at 11:54 pm\n\nKaren, I’m so glad that the blood came out of your mom’s skirt. Yes, peroxide\nwill get out most any blood stain, but it will also bleach some types of\nfabric. Glad you got out unscathed. 😉\n\nReply\n\n 10. Janet Bradford says\n\nDecember 10, 2012 at 6:31 am\n\nI had a very unsightly blood stain on my white sheets but surprisingly I\nremoved it pretty easy. What I have done was to soak the sheets in cold water\nand 2 tablespoons of salt for 30 minutes, and then to wash them in my washing\nmachine at the lowest possible temperature. After this the stain was\ncompletely gone.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Kenny says\n\nApril 9, 2014 at 1:37 am\n\nSoap is the best solution ... trust me! rub soap on the blood area. leave it\nfor 3 minutes. then rub and raise it with water. 100% works!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Peter says\n\nMay 22, 2014 at 11:50 pm\n\nThis is the result I got when I tried to remove the dried blood stain on my\nshirt:\n\nI spat on it and rubbed... blood stain still there Tide To Go stick... blood\nstain still there Tide With Bleach Alternative... blood stain still there\nPurex Plus Oxi and Zout... blood stain still there Water and salt... blood\nstain still there\n\nI was feeling SOOO frustrated and was ready to give up when my friend told me\nto buy a lemon, cut it in half, and rub it all over the dried blood stain. She\nsays for sure it will get it out. She’s done it a million times. So I did what\nshe said, and LITERALLY, 30 seconds later, the dried blood stain was\nCOMPLETELY GONE!!!! I LITERALLY saw it disappear right in front of my eyes!!!!\nAs if it was never there!!!\n\nThat’s my experience anyways! Hope this helps!\n\nReply\n\n 13. Victoria says\n\nDecember 14, 2014 at 1:49 pm\n\nMy husband got blood (from shaving) on a white shirt last night which dried. I\njust sat it in bleach today (just the neck part with the blood on) for 3 hours\nthen the blood totally vanished! It’s now in the washing machine. If it’s\nwhite clothing just apply regular bleach.\n\nReply\n\n * Lauren Hill says\n\nJanuary 9, 2015 at 6:34 pm\n\nYes, you can apply bleach, but you must be careful due to the type of fabric.\nBleach can quickly eat a hole in some fabrics when used full strength.\n\nAlso, the blood wasn’t on your husband’s shirt for long, so it hadn’t had time\nto set. Since you washed it so quickly (good for you!!), you had a great\nchance of removing it.\n\nGlad the stain come out!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Jacqui says\n\nDecember 25, 2014 at 12:15 pm\n\nSo, I went to this forum after having one of my favorite dresses (100% cotton)\ndry cleaned with a blood stain. After looking at all of the forums, I was\nconvinced that because the stain had presumably “bonded” with the fabric,\nthere was no hope! However, a bit of dish washing detergent (thanks “the cat\ndid it”), a healthy dosing of “Shout” and some concentrated scratching with my\nfingernail followed by vigorously rubbing the cloth together, the stain slowly\nbegan to fade, and with significantly sore hands in the process, by the end\nthe stain was gone. Because I did all of this I’m not sure what did the trick\nand what part of this process might have been expendable, but I was THRILLED!\nI’m telling you that this stain was thoroughly entrenched so if it worked in\nthis situation, it should work for most!!\n\nReply\n\n * Lauren Hill says\n\nJanuary 9, 2015 at 6:31 pm\n\nJacqui, I am so thrilled for you and your result! Excellent!\n\nGreat tips to share with others in your similar situation. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 15. nikki says\n\nJanuary 13, 2015 at 7:17 pm\n\nso I have washed and dryed bedding with blood stains from nose bleed. Is it\ntoo late?\n\nReply\n\n 16. Crystal Goodwin says\n\nOctober 16, 2015 at 7:42 am\n\nGreat article. I am going to try with peroxide next time. I have a son who is\nreally naughty. He so often heart himself that I am getting used to clean\nblood from his clothes. Thank you for sharing your article! Greets!\n\nReply\n\n 17. Cdmama says\n\nMarch 19, 2016 at 12:47 am\n\nCloth diapering mom here! You don’t need to wait for a sunny day to get\norganic stains out of fabric! Even on a cloudy day the UV rays that break down\nstains can get down to earth! I set my daughter’s diapers in front of the\nwindow when they get a little too dingy and they are perfectly white after a\nday, even when it’s rainy and dismal.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Maggie says\n\nSeptember 3, 2016 at 9:01 am\n\nI got a stain on my bed sheet and thought that putting hot water on it would\nhelp. It was so stupid of me and I should’ve done some research first. I\nthought the hot water was helping because the stain started to get a little\nbit lighter. Is there anything that I can do now? Please help! As soon as I\nread this I started dabbing it with cold water but it doesn’t seem to be doing\nanything.\n\nReply\n\n * Lauren Hill says\n\nSeptember 4, 2016 at 6:38 pm\n\nHey Maggie,\n\nYes, blood sets pretty quickly with hot water, I’m afraid. You can always try\ndoing The Soak to see if that will help!\n\nReply\n\n 19. Mike Markham says\n\nNovember 7, 2016 at 11:51 am\n\nAnother idea my grandmother taught me as a child (I had MANY nosebleeds) was\nto take some of my own saliva and dab the blood spot. As it has been stated\nmany times in this article, blood is protein based, and such is your own\nsaliva which will break down your own blood. My grandmother made custom\nupholstery & slipcovers all her life. Surely she stabbed her fingers a few\ntimes with pins and needles. She said over the years you of course would get\nblood on the fabric. And so a person much older that her back in the 50’s\ntaught her that as soon as she got blood on the fabric to quickly take some of\nher saliva and rub it on the blood spot and it would come right out....and it\nsurely does!\n\nReply\n\n * Lauren Hill says\n\nDecember 27, 2016 at 10:41 am\n\nYes, excellent tip, Mike!\n\nIf you only have a very small blood spot, saliva is a great remedy.\n\nThanks! -Lauren 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * ellie agee says\n\nMarch 21, 2019 at 2:14 pm\n\nMy great Aunt worked for Edith Head at Universal studios in Hollywood the\n1930s. When blood got on costumes as it often did, they put a wad of threads\ninto their mouth then laid it onto the stain. and left it to its work. The\nstain disappeared. I have never before heard of this from anyone else except\nfrom that dear Aunty. It works. Thanks for the second witness, ellie\n\nReply\n\n 20. Cathy says\n\nNovember 18, 2016 at 1:19 am\n\nI have used Biz for years to soak blood-stained sheets or clothing and it\nalways worked great. But recently it stopped working and I couldn’t figure out\nwhy. I asked the manufacturer if they had changed their formula but they said\nno. So I tried Oxiclean, and that worked for awhile, even on sheets previously\nsoaked in Biz where the stain hadn’t come out. Oxiclean also worked well on\nT-shirts for awhile. But then I started noticing that it was bleaching out the\ncolor from the area where the stain was, and it changed the texture of the\nfabric so that the stained/treated area became hard and rough. So I had to\nquit using it for T-shirts. And then it quit working on sheets! So now I am\nstuck with several sheets and shirts that have been previously treated in Biz\nor Oxiclean or both without the stains coming out, and I’m completely baffled\nas to why these products don’t work any more. I’ve been able to get the blood\nand rough texture out of some of the shirts by pretreating with Resolve (also\ncalled Spray ‘n’ Wash) and washing with regular detergent. But most of the\ntime that doesn’t work. Help!\n\nReply\n\n * Lauren Hill says\n\nDecember 26, 2016 at 3:48 pm\n\nCathy, how strange! I have only had Oxi Clean lift the color on a few garments\nover the years. It’s rare, but definitely can happen.\n\nSo the question becomes of course: How do I remove stains from\nclothes/laundry?\n\nYou might just have to go through the gamut of laundry stain removal products\nbefore finding one that works well with your particular water and washer. If I\nwere you, I’d start with Rit Super Stain Remover and see if it works. Unlike\nother Rit products, it’s a stain remover NOT a dye.\n\nUnlike Oxi Clean, Biz, etc. it goes on specific stain areas and isn’t a stain\nremover that you pour into the washer. Just FYI.\n\nBest wishes in figuring out what works for you! -Lauren 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 21. David says\n\nJanuary 21, 2017 at 6:44 pm\n\nHi —\n\nI’ve got a couple large-drip-sized dried blood stains on a polyester\nslipcover. Fortunately the cloth is cranberry-colored, but the stains still\nshow — at least if you know where they are, and enough to bother me. I did dab\nat the blood with cold water on a paper towel when it was fresh, but haven’t\ntreated it beyond that, and it dried to a couple of dark circles.\n\nI’m concerned about lifting the color from the fabric, and also about putting\nthe cushion cover (one of two) through the wash, since that might affect its\ncolor and the sofa would be mismatched. Same concern for soaking.\n\nShould I just forget it and count myself lucky that it wasn’t a white sofa? Or\nis there a way to do it (given the above concerns) that won’t risk making it\nworse?\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n 22. Sandra says\n\nJuly 18, 2017 at 10:54 pm\n\nFather helped with laundry and stuck my levi’s in the dryer before i had a\nchance to check the blood stain. It was not gone. I really like these jeans\nand was wondering if bleaching them would remove the stain. I have no problem\nwith whitening them if it would work.....\n\nReply\n\n 23. Martha says\n\nAugust 7, 2017 at 11:34 am\n\nI was away and my husband cut his finger and got blood on out viscose/nylon\noff-white velvet bedspread. Even though the label says ‘dry clean only’ do you\nthink I can still try your oxyclean method? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 24. Akki says\n\nMay 5, 2018 at 7:25 am\n\nI think lemons are the best for removal of stains.\n\nReply\n\n 25. Sam says\n\nMay 15, 2018 at 2:28 pm\n\nThank you for all the details and possible solutions you listed in this\narticle, I found it to be very helpful!\n\nReply\n\n 26. Becks says\n\nJuly 4, 2018 at 7:18 pm\n\nMy niece machine dried her fitted sheet without fully removing a menstrual\nstain first. The sheet is peach colored. I had good luck spot treating the\nstain with peroxide and then applying heat with an old blow drier that gets\ntoo hot to use for anything else. A warm iron should work. The combination of\nhydrogen peroxide (regular first aid stuff) and heat faded the old set-in\nstain to invisible after a few tries.\n\nReply\n\n 27. Marie says\n\nJuly 24, 2018 at 4:10 pm\n\nAs a general laundry stain remover, I use equal parts of water / hydrogen\nperoxide / dish washing liquid (usually a grease-cutting one). I found this\ncombination somewhere on the internet a few years ago (I’m sorry I don’t know\nto whom I should give credit!), and it’s worked quite well on many types of\nstains since. I mix it in a spray bottle, spray it on the stain and let it sit\nfor 15 – 30 minutes before washing. It’s worked well on blood for most of my\nfamily, but one child’s blood remains stubborn to remove no matter what I do\nto it. (Her own saliva does work, but bigger stains are a problem.) I have an\nitem with her blood soaking in the solution now, and afterward I am going to\ntry soaking it with salt in the washer as another reader suggested.\n\nThank you for this post, Lauren! It is with appreciation to you and other\nbloggers that I have been able to find successful solutions like this!\n\nReply\n\n * Lauren Hill says\n\nJanuary 17, 2019 at 1:51 pm\n\nI’m so glad it was helpful! Yes, I too love all of the wonderful information\non the internet that makes my home life easier! 🙂 Lauren\n\nReply\n\n * Suzanne says\n\nDecember 15, 2019 at 12:36 pm\n\nDoes having a coat dry cleaned impact stai removal\n\nReply\n\n * Lauren Hill says\n\nDecember 28, 2019 at 10:03 am\n\nHey Suzanne, Do you mean will it prevent stain removal in the future? Or does\nit work well for stain removal? I’m not totally sure what you’re asking. In my\nexperience, dry cleaning can do very well with stain removal on certain\nfabrics, especially items like wool. The solvents that are used can be\nspecifically applied for grease stains or blood stains or fill-in-the-blank.\nIf your coat is compatible with dry cleaning, I’d say give it a try and see\nwhat happens. Warmly, Lauren\n\nReply\n\n 28. Celine says\n\nJuly 26, 2018 at 1:29 pm\n\nWell I about to make the big mistake of pouring boiling water over the blood\nstain.. Fortunately, I decided to google and found out to use cold. My stain\nwas relatively small and only a about 10hrs old. I put the cotton fabric stain\nface down on a colander and then got an ice cube to rub on the stain while the\ncold water created a puddle. The stain came out immediately.\n\nReply\n\n * Lauren Hill says\n\nJanuary 17, 2019 at 1:50 pm\n\nExcellent, Celine! I love hearing stain success stories! Ha! 🙂 Lauren\n\nReply\n\n 29. Virginia Golden says\n\nSeptember 5, 2018 at 7:30 pm\n\nI came down to the comments section to say that actually, peroxide IS an\nexcellent solvent for blood stains and stains from pretty much any bodily-\nfluid-type substance. You can tell this by the way it instantly creates a foam\nwhen it comes into contact with this kind of organic matter. If your cat poops\nin your bathtub and leaves a bile stain (don’t ask), a squirt of peroxide from\na spray bottle can make it vanish right before your eyes. But it is a bleach\nand I wouldn’t use it on anything that you don’t want white.\n\nReply\n\n 30. Dich vu giat la says\n\nSeptember 11, 2018 at 10:34 am\n\ni usually use soap to remove blood stain. And the most important things is not\nused hot water.\n\nReply\n\n 31. Sandi Ellis says\n\nNovember 3, 2018 at 8:04 am\n\nI have used Biz for years to soak blood-stained sheets or clothing and it\nalways worked great. I got a stain on my bed sheet and thought that putting\nhot water on it would help. It was so stupid of me and I should’ve done some\nresearch first. I thought the hot water was helping because the stain started\nto get a little bit lighter. I’ve been able to get the blood and rough texture\nout of some of the shirts by pretreating with Resolve (also called Spray ‘n’\nWash) and washing with regular detergent. But most of the time that doesn’t\nwork. Help!\n\nReply\n\n### Trackbacks\n\n 1. Nice shout out from Mama’s Laundry Talk... says:\n\nJune 23, 2011 at 9:25 pm\n\n[...] a shout out to You ARE Loved and some great tips for removing blood from\nfabric. Check it out, Stain Removal 101: How to Remove Blood from Fabric.\nFiled Under: Blog Project [...]\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nI’m so happy you found your way to Mama’s Laundry Talk! You’ll find tons of\nhow-to’s and tips to make your laundry life easier.\n\nRead more about Mama ...\n\n#### Sign up for laundry goodness in your inbox\n\n#### Information\n\nContact Mama\n\nDisclosure Policy and Privacy Statement\n\n#### Mama’s Favorite Laundry Items!\n\nDisclosure Policy and Privacy Statement\n\nCopyright © 2020 · Mama�s Laundry Talk · Site by Design by Insight\n\nSend this to a friend\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.realsimple.com/home-organizing/cleaning/cleaning-stain-removal/remove-blood-stains", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180918111518/https://www.realsimple.com/home-organizing/cleaning/cleaning-stain-removal/remove-blood-stains", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Clean Blood Stains Video and Steps", "passages": [ "Ideally, you'll tackle blood stains while they're still wet, which makes them easier to get out. But they're definitely a challenge. This video shows the best way to treat them.", "Ideally, you'll tackle blood stains while they're still wet, which makes them easier to get out. But they're definitely a challenge. This video shows the best way to treat them.", "Wet the stain with cold water If the stain is fresh and still wet, soak fabric in cold water immediately.", "Rub with soap Rub the stain well with a bar of soap, lathering gently. Tip: For light-colored fabrics, dab with a hydrogen peroxide, which acts as bleach.", "Re-soak the stain with a pre-treatment stain remover If the stain has already dried, spray with stain-removal solution. Let it soak in.", "Launder fabric Machine-wash the fabric using an enzyme detergent (most standard laundry soaps are enzyme-based), which breaks down protein stains. Make sure the blood has lifted before putting fabric in the dryer, as the heat will set the stain.", "All products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real Simple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in this email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Real Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. Copyright © 2018 Meredith Corporation. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. | EU Data Subject Requests" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Clean Blood Stains Video and Steps\n\n# How to Remove Blood Stains\n\nIdeally, you'll tackle blood stains while they're still wet, which makes them\neasier to get out. But they're definitely a challenge. This video shows the\nbest way to treat them.\n\nIdeally, you'll tackle blood stains while they're still wet, which makes them\neasier to get out. But they're definitely a challenge. This video shows the\nbest way to treat them.\n\n## What You Need\n\n * bowl or sink filled with cold water, bar of soap, stain-removal spray, ammonia, cotton swab, paper towel, laundry detergent\n\n## Follow These Steps\n\n 1. Wet the stain with cold water If the stain is fresh and still wet, soak fabric in cold water immediately.\n 2. Rub with soap Rub the stain well with a bar of soap, lathering gently. Tip: For light-colored fabrics, dab with a hydrogen peroxide, which acts as bleach.\n 3. Re-soak the stain with a pre-treatment stain remover If the stain has already dried, spray with stain-removal solution. Let it soak in.\n 4. Dab on diluted ammonia Apply a small amount of diluted ammonia to the area with a cotton swab.\n 5. Launder fabric Machine-wash the fabric using an enzyme detergent (most standard laundry soaps are enzyme-based), which breaks down protein stains. Make sure the blood has lifted before putting fabric in the dryer, as the heat will set the stain.\n\n### You May Like\n\n### Subscribe Today\n\nFor as little as $1 an issue!\n\nSUBSCRIBE NOW\n\n### Real Simple Newsletters\n\nGet tips, inspiration and special offers delivered to your inbox.\n\nSign up\n\nAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real Simple\nmay receive compensation for some links to products and services in this email\non this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Real Simple\nis part of the Meredith Home Group. Copyright © 2018 Meredith Corporation. All\nrights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is\nprohibited. | EU Data Subject Requests\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.teenvogue.com/story/how-to-clean-period-stains", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112021309/https://www.teenvogue.com/story/how-to-clean-period-stains", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Get Blood Out of Clothes and Sheets: 13 Genius Ways", "passages": [ "Wondering how to get blood out of clothes, sheets, or even a mattress? You're not alone. You'll be dealing with your period and all the blood stains it causes for a long, long, time. Period blood stains show up everywhere from panties and denim to towels and more. Over time you'll likely stain just about everything it's possible to stain. But the good news is that blood stains are SO not a big deal, and nothing to be embarrassed about. And the even better news is that there are a ton of ways to clean blood stains. Here, 13 ways to remove blood stains—some of them will really surprise you!", "When it comes to removing blood stains, especially from items made of lightweight fabric (like sheets, underwear, or PJ bottoms), first try holding the stained area taut under cold running water—you'll be amazed at how much stuff a steady stream of H2O can coax out of a garment! Sometimes water is enough to get fresh blood out entirely.", "If you're dealing with blood stains on the regular, it's not a bad idea to know about a few laundry products that are especially good at ghosting ugly blotches. Both oxygenated bleaches and enzymatic cleaners are all-purpose stain treatments that are aces on blood. Carbona Stain Devils #4 is a great product for dorm-dwellers since it comes in teeny-tiny bottles (a little goes a long way!) that won't take up a lot of storage space. Residual blood stains can also be treated using whatever kind of soap you have nearby; hand soap (both liquid and bar) will work, as will liquid laundry detergent or a laundry bar like Fels-Naptha.", "Unfortunately, sometimes blood stains happen when you're out of the house, and at that point, laundry products won't do you any good. Luckily, salt water or saline can come in handy in a pinch. Plain old table salt and cold water do really well getting blood out of clothes. If you're a contact lens wearer, you can use your saline solution to the same effect, which is pretty handy when you're traveling. Who knew?!", "You might need something stronger for older or more set-in period stains: There are loads of common household items you can use to remove stubborn stains! For lighter colored clothes, hydrogen peroxide or lemon juice are great options. Just be aware that they can cause color loss on darker items, so test them on an inconspicuous area to be sure they're safe to use.", "Two other super common items, aspirin and baking soda, can also be used to treat blood stains. As far as the aspirin is concerned, crush up a few tablets and mix the resulting powder with water to form a paste that can be applied to the stain. Same thing with the baking soda—just mix some with water to make a paste (how much really depends on how large a stain you're dealing with!). Allow the paste to sit for at least 30 minutes, up to overnight, and then launder the garment as usual.", "Here's one totally oddball thing that will remove blood stains. You ready for this? Unseasoned meat tenderizer. Told you it was weird! It's really good on older, set-in blood stains. To use it, sprinkle the stain with the tenderizer powder and add enough water to make a paste. Let that sit on the stain for 30 or so minutes, and then finish by rinsing with cold water and washing as usual.", "If you literally have access to none of the above, there's still one last option that can actually work: your own spit. We know — it's sort of gross, but it really works and is a handy thing to keep in mind when you're on the go and don't have anything else on hand.", "Those middle-of-the-night leaks sometimes make it all the way onto your bedding. You'll be happy to know that the techniques for how to get blood out of clothes are exactly the same for ordinary linens. Your sheets should be easy enough to get clean by employing any of the products and techniques you use on your clothes. For a mattress pad or comforter (or anything else that's oversized but washable), treat the stain just like you would one on your clothes and wash it. Note: If you get a stain on silk bed sheets or anything else super delicate, make sure to read the care label to see what the manufacturer recommends.", "You may need to take some bedding to a laundromat if your washing machine isn't big enough. When it comes to drying, toss clean tennis balls or dryer balls in with the comforter to help redistribute the stuffing and make it nice and fluffy.", "The trick to how to get blood out of a mattress is to use as little liquid as possible—you don't want to saturate it, or else it won't dry! Pick any of the blood stain removal products mentioned above, and dab it on stains using a cotton ball or a clean cloth. The key is to not soak the mattress. Go slowly and use several applications. Then allow the mattress some time to air dry before re-making the bed. If you live in a damp climate, turning a standing fan toward the mattress will help aid the drying process.", "If you need to get blood out of jeans, the approach is slightly different. Since the fabric is thick, you'll start by blotting the stain from the inside. Soak a washcloth in cold water, wring it out, and then blot away. Avoid the temptation to rub the stain — that will only spread the blood. Keep blotting until no more blood comes off on the washcloth. After blotting the stain, let your jeans soak in cold water for a half an hour and then pop them into the washing machine (set your cycle to a setting that uses cold water, of course).", "The fresher a blood stain is, the easier it is to get out. If you notice a blood stain on your sheets or clothing, deal with the stain right away. If you're running late or just can't treat it at the moment, at least throw the garment in a bowl of cold water to soak the stain. It'll be much easier to deal with later if it didn't get the opportunity to dry.", "When it comes to blood stains, hot water will do more harm than good. Hot water (and warm water, for that matter) heats the stain, and in the case of blood, it will cause the blood to seep deeper into the fabric's fibers. Not only that, but hot water should never be used on delicate fabrics, as it can warp or shrink them.", "Try, try again! Sometimes with blood stains, or really with any stains, you need to give it more than one pass to save your clothes. And sometimes you just have to try something different! The important thing to remember is that if a stain doesn't come out the first time, all is not lost. Give it another shot, and when you're done, treat yourself to some chocolate. You earned it.", "The young person’s guide to conquering (and saving) the world. Teen Vogue covers the latest in celebrity news, politics, fashion, beauty, wellness, lifestyle, and entertainment.", "© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights. Teen Vogue may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Get Blood Out of Clothes and Sheets: 13 Genius Ways | Teen Vogue\n\nSkip to main content\n\nTo revisit this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories.\n\nHow to Get Blood Out of Clothes and Sheets: 13 Genius Ways\n\nMore\n\nTo revisit this article, select My Account, then View saved stories.\n\nSign In\n\nSearch\n\n * STYLE\n * POLITICS\n * CULTURE\n * IDENTITY\n * SUMMIT\n\nSexual Health + Identity\n\n# How to Get Blood Out of Clothes and Sheets: 13 Genius Ways\n\nLearn exactly how to get blood of out of jeans, sheets, underwear, and\neverything else.\n\nBy Jolie Kerr\n\nOctober 8, 2020\n\nAshley Armitage / Refinery29 for Getty Images\n\nWondering how to get blood out of clothes, sheets, or even a mattress? You're\nnot alone. You'll be dealing with your period and all the blood stains it\ncauses for a long, long, time. Period blood stains show up everywhere from\npanties and denim to towels and more. Over time you'll likely stain just about\neverything it's possible to stain. But the good news is that blood stains are\nSO not a big deal, and nothing to be embarrassed about. And the even better\nnews is that there are a ton of ways to clean blood stains. Here, 13 ways to\nremove blood stains—some of them will really surprise you!\n\n## 1\\. Run lightweight fabrics under cold water.\n\nWhen it comes to removing blood stains, especially from items made of\nlightweight fabric (like sheets, underwear, or PJ bottoms), first try holding\nthe stained area taut under cold running water—you'll be amazed at how much\nstuff a steady stream of H2O can coax out of a garment! Sometimes water is\nenough to get fresh blood out entirely.\n\n## 2\\. Up your laundry game with blood-removal products.\n\nIf you're dealing with blood stains on the regular, it's not a bad idea to\nknow about a few laundry products that are especially good at ghosting ugly\nblotches. Both oxygenated bleaches and enzymatic cleaners are all-purpose\nstain treatments that are aces on blood. Carbona Stain Devils #4 is a great\nproduct for dorm-dwellers since it comes in teeny-tiny bottles (a little goes\na long way!) that won't take up a lot of storage space. Residual blood stains\ncan also be treated using whatever kind of soap you have nearby; hand soap\n(both liquid and bar) will work, as will liquid laundry detergent or a laundry\nbar like Fels-Naptha.\n\n## 3\\. Rub salt or saline solution on the stain.\n\nUnfortunately, sometimes blood stains happen when you're out of the house, and\nat that point, laundry products won't do you any good. Luckily, salt water or\nsaline can come in handy in a pinch. Plain old table salt and cold water do\nreally well getting blood out of clothes. If you're a contact lens wearer, you\ncan use your saline solution to the same effect, which is pretty handy when\nyou're traveling. Who knew?!\n\n## 4\\. Apply hydrogen peroxide or lemon juice to the blood stain.\n\nYou might need something stronger for older or more set-in period stains:\nThere are loads of common household items you can use to remove stubborn\nstains! For lighter colored clothes, hydrogen peroxide or lemon juice are\ngreat options. Just be aware that they can cause color loss on darker items,\nso test them on an inconspicuous area to be sure they're safe to use.\n\n## 5\\. Or, try sponging the stain with aspirin or baking soda.\n\nTwo other super common items, aspirin and baking soda, can also be used to\ntreat blood stains. As far as the aspirin is concerned, crush up a few tablets\nand mix the resulting powder with water to form a paste that can be applied to\nthe stain. Same thing with the baking soda—just mix some with water to make a\npaste (how much really depends on how large a stain you're dealing with!).\nAllow the paste to sit for at least 30 minutes, up to overnight, and then\nlaunder the garment as usual.\n\n## 6\\. It's weird, but it can actually work: meat tenderizer!\n\nHere's one totally oddball thing that will remove blood stains. You ready for\nthis? Unseasoned meat tenderizer. Told you it was weird! It's really good on\nolder, set-in blood stains. To use it, sprinkle the stain with the tenderizer\npowder and add enough water to make a paste. Let that sit on the stain for 30\nor so minutes, and then finish by rinsing with cold water and washing as\nusual.\n\n## 7\\. There's always saliva, if nothing else.\n\nIf you literally have access to none of the above, there's still one last\noption that can actually work: your own spit. We know — it's sort of gross,\nbut it really works and is a handy thing to keep in mind when you're on the go\nand don't have anything else on hand.\n\n## 8\\. Treat blood stains on your sheets and bedding before tossing them in\nthe washing machine.\n\nThose middle-of-the-night leaks sometimes make it all the way onto your\nbedding. You'll be happy to know that the techniques for how to get blood out\nof clothes are exactly the same for ordinary linens. Your sheets should be\neasy enough to get clean by employing any of the products and techniques you\nuse on your clothes. For a mattress pad or comforter (or anything else that's\noversized but washable), treat the stain just like you would one on your\nclothes and wash it. Note: If you get a stain on silk bed sheets or anything\nelse super delicate, make sure to read the care label to see what the\nmanufacturer recommends.\n\nYou may need to take some bedding to a laundromat if your washing machine\nisn't big enough. When it comes to drying, toss clean tennis balls or dryer\nballs in with the comforter to help redistribute the stuffing and make it nice\nand fluffy.\n\n## 9\\. Spot treat a mattress using barely any liquid.\n\nThe trick to how to get blood out of a mattress is to use as little liquid as\npossible—you don't want to saturate it, or else it won't dry! Pick any of the\nblood stain removal products mentioned above, and dab it on stains using a\ncotton ball or a clean cloth. The key is to not soak the mattress. Go slowly\nand use several applications. Then allow the mattress some time to air dry\nbefore re-making the bed. If you live in a damp climate, turning a standing\nfan toward the mattress will help aid the drying process.\n\n## 10\\. Soak and blot jeans to remove blood stains.\n\nIf you need to get blood out of jeans, the approach is slightly different.\nSince the fabric is thick, you'll start by blotting the stain from the inside.\nSoak a washcloth in cold water, wring it out, and then blot away. Avoid the\ntemptation to rub the stain — that will only spread the blood. Keep blotting\nuntil no more blood comes off on the washcloth. After blotting the stain, let\nyour jeans soak in cold water for a half an hour and then pop them into the\nwashing machine (set your cycle to a setting that uses cold water, of course).\n\n## 11\\. Treat the stain as soon as possible.\n\nThe fresher a blood stain is, the easier it is to get out. If you notice a\nblood stain on your sheets or clothing, deal with the stain right away. If\nyou're running late or just can't treat it at the moment, at least throw the\ngarment in a bowl of cold water to soak the stain. It'll be much easier to\ndeal with later if it didn't get the opportunity to dry.\n\n## 12\\. Never treat a blood stain with hot water.\n\nWhen it comes to blood stains, hot water will do more harm than good. Hot\nwater (and warm water, for that matter) heats the stain, and in the case of\nblood, it will cause the blood to seep deeper into the fabric's fibers. Not\nonly that, but hot water should never be used on delicate fabrics, as it can\nwarp or shrink them.\n\n## 13\\. And remember, if at first you don't succeed ...\n\nTry, try again! Sometimes with blood stains, or really with any stains, you\nneed to give it more than one pass to save your clothes. And sometimes you\njust have to try something different! The important thing to remember is that\nif a stain doesn't come out the first time, all is not lost. Give it another\nshot, and when you're done, treat yourself to some chocolate. You earned it.\n\nThis article was originally published in 2014.\n\nRelated: This Is a Love Letter for Any Uterus That Bleeds\n\nCheck this out:\n\nKeywordsperiods healthbloodMenstruation\n\nRead More\n\nHealth\n\n15 Things To Know About Your Period\n\nBy Elizabeth Kiefer\n\nicon\n\nHealth\n\nPeriod Blood Color Guide: What Colored Blood Means For Your Health\n\n7 slides\n\nBy Tina Ferraro\n\nThe young person’s guide to conquering (and saving) the world. Teen Vogue\ncovers the latest in celebrity news, politics, fashion, beauty, wellness,\nlifestyle, and entertainment.\n\n© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and\nCookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights. Teen\nVogue may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our\nsite as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on\nthis site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise\nused, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\n\n" } ]
373,554
How To Cook a Snake
To cook a snake, start by cutting off the head, removing the skin, and taking the guts out. Then, cut the meat into smaller pieces, cutting between and at the same angle as the ribs so they don't break apart in the meat. Next, dip the pieces of meat in some egg whites before dredging them in some pepper and sweet cornmeal mix. Finally, fry the meat in some cooking oil in a pan until the batter turns golden and then serve.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508200154/https://www.realtree.com/timber-2-table-wild-game-recipes/deep-fried-spicy-rattlesnake-recipe", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200429222851/https://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Cook-a-Snake/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411133337/https://www.realtree.com/timber-2-table-articles/how-to-skin-and-prepare-a-rattlesnake-for-the-table", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210124170022/https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/cornmeal-crusted-rattle-snake-with-cactus-corn-succotash-recipe-1910688", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410231156/https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/when-how-handwashing.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Ffeatures%2Fhandwashing%2Findex.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303131454/https://www.tasteofhome.com/recipes/hush-puppies/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.realtree.com/timber-2-table-wild-game-recipes/deep-fried-spicy-rattlesnake-recipe", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508200154/https://www.realtree.com/timber-2-table-wild-game-recipes/deep-fried-spicy-rattlesnake-recipe", "parsed_text": { "title": "Deep-Fried Spicy Rattlesnake Recipe", "passages": [ "Now that you have your rattlesnake skinned and prepped for the table, what should you do with it? The answer is just about any recipe that works with frog legs, snapping turtle, or even chicken. But my favorite cooking method is also one of the easiest, deep fried.", "There is something about deep fried food that welcomes everyone to give it a try, even if its something they haven't tried before. Like rattlesnake.", "For the coating, we mix corn meal, all-purpose flour, and one of my favorites, Everglades Heat for a bit of spice. For some reason, I feel like rattlesnake is best with a little bite to it, and the Everglades Heat is the perfect blend of seasoning and spice. I sprinkle it in liberally and mix it into the flour and meal before coating the snake.", "Heat the oil to 350 degrees. Mix the corn meal, flour, and Everglades Heat in a large bowl. Toss the snake sections to coat evenly with the dredge. Gently lower the rattlesnake into the hot oil, a few pieces at a time, being careful not to overcrowd the pan.", "Fry for 8 to 10 minutes, until the exterior is golden brown and crunchy, and the thickest part reads 165-degrees internal temperature. Serve with ranch dressing or your favorite dipping sauce. The best way to eat rattlesnake is to peel away the \"backstraps\" along either side of the backbone. These meaty sections will come off bone-free. After that, use your thumb or fingers to push the remaining meat down and away from the rib bones." ] }, "parsed_md": "Deep-Fried Spicy Rattlesnake Recipe | Realtree Camo\n\nSkip to main content\n\n×\n\n#### Camo\n\n#### Hunting\n\n###### Mother’s Day Venison Backstrap Steak Tips With Red Wine Mushroom Sauce\n\nMay 7, 2021 | Timber 2 Table Wild Game Recipes\n\n###### Spicy Fried Wild Turkey Breast Sandwich\n\nMay 5, 2021 | Timber 2 Table Wild Game Recipes\n\n#### Categories\n\n * Deer Hunting\n * Turkey Hunting\n * Waterfowl Hunting\n * Bowhunting\n * Big Game Hunting\n * Fishing\n * Predator Hunting\n * Small Game Hunting\n * Guns and Shooting\n * Food Plots / Land Management\n\n#### Editorial\n\n * Articles\n * News Articles\n * Photo Galleries\n * Videos\n * Quizzes\n * Blogs\n\n#### Community\n\n * Trophy Den\n * Hunting Forums\n * Forum Registration\n * BUCKMASTERS\n * BONE COLLECTOR\n\n#### Timber 2 Table\n\n * Venison Recipes\n * Wild Turkey Recipes\n * Upland Game Bird Recipes\n * Duck and Goose Recipes\n * Elk Recipes\n * Moose Recipes\n * Bear Recipes\n * Pork Recipes\n * Squirrel Recipes\n * Fish Recipes\n * Rabbit Recipes\n * Wild Fruits and Vegetables\n * Raccoon Recipes\n * Beaver Recipes\n\n#### TV Shows\n\n * Bill Jordan’s Realtree Outdoors\n * Monster Bucks®\n * Realtree Road Trips®\n\n#### Pro Staff\n\n * Bill Jordan\n * Tyler Jordan\n * David Blanton\n * View All\n\n#### Resources\n\n * Outfitters\n * State DNRs\n * Promotions\n * Fish & Game Forecaster\n\n#### Fishing\n\n#### Store\n\n# Deep-Fried Spicy Rattlesnake Recipe\n\nI prefer to leave a rattlesnake alone, but if someone else kills one, they can\nmake a delicious dinner.\n\nBy Michael Pendley author of Timber 2 Table Wild Game RecipesOctober 5, 2018\nPrint Recipe\n\n15M\n\nprep time\n\n30M\n\ncook time\n\n4-7\n\nserves\n\nEasy\n\ndifficulty\n\nNow that you have your rattlesnake skinned and prepped for the table, what\nshould you do with it? The answer is just about any recipe that works with\nfrog legs, snapping turtle, or even chicken. But my favorite cooking method is\nalso one of the easiest, deep fried.\n\nThere is something about deep fried food that welcomes everyone to give it a\ntry, even if its something they haven't tried before. Like rattlesnake.\n\nFor the coating, we mix corn meal, all-purpose flour, and one of my favorites,\nEverglades Heat for a bit of spice. For some reason, I feel like rattlesnake\nis best with a little bite to it, and the Everglades Heat is the perfect blend\nof seasoning and spice. I sprinkle it in liberally and mix it into the flour\nand meal before coating the snake.\n\n### Ingredients\n\n2-3 pounds of skinned rattlesnake, cross cut into 3” sections\n\n1 cup corn meal\n\n1 cup all-purpose flour\n\n3 tablespoons Everglades Heat seasoning\n\nPeanut oil for deep frying\n\n### Cooking Instructions\n\nHeat the oil to 350 degrees. Mix the corn meal, flour, and Everglades Heat in\na large bowl. Toss the snake sections to coat evenly with the dredge. Gently\nlower the rattlesnake into the hot oil, a few pieces at a time, being careful\nnot to overcrowd the pan.\n\nFry for 8 to 10 minutes, until the exterior is golden brown and crunchy, and\nthe thickest part reads 165-degrees internal temperature. Serve with ranch\ndressing or your favorite dipping sauce. The best way to eat rattlesnake is to\npeel away the \"backstraps\" along either side of the backbone. These meaty\nsections will come off bone-free. After that, use your thumb or fingers to\npush the remaining meat down and away from the rib bones.\n\nShare your recipes at #Timber2Table\n\nHave a recipe you would like to suggest as a feature? Email us and let us\nknow!\n\nView All Recipes\n\n### Get the latest Timber 2 Table recipes and articles in your inbox!\n\n * COMPANY HISTORY\n * MEDIA ROOM\n * ADVERTISE\n * WALLPAPERS\n * FAQ & CONTACT US\n * LEGAL\n * EXTRANET\n * LICENSING\n\n * COMPANY HISTORY\n * MEDIA ROOM\n\n * ADVERTISE\n * WALLPAPERS\n\n * FAQ & CONTACT US\n * LEGAL\n\n * EXTRANET\n * LICENSING\n\n©2021 Jordan Outdoor Enterprises, Ltd. All rights reserved. Site by Gray Loon.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Cook-a-Snake/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200429222851/https://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Cook-a-Snake/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Cook a Snake : 6 Steps (with Pictures)", "passages": [ "About: I helped start Instructables, previously worked in biotech and academic research labs, and have a degree in biology from MIT. Currently at our parent company Autodesk, learning new things, and trying to catc... More About canida »", "Ingredients: 1 snake 1 box Jiffy cornbread mix 1/2 c egg whites (I used the pre-packaged eggwhites to avoid wasting yolks) splash black pepper 1/2\" oil (depends on pan size)", "Teachers! Did you use this instructable in your classroom? Add a Teacher Note to share how you incorporated it into your lesson.", "Snakes do a fine job keeping the world free of unnecessary rodents; don't kill them unless absolutely necessary! That said, if you do kill a snake, or find one dead, don't let it go to waste.", "The snake in this Instructable was run over by a car; Eric found it a couple minutes later, its heart still beating, in the process of expiring by the side of the road. Since we knew both time and cause^1 of death, and refrigerated the carcass promptly, it was safe to eat.", "^1 Note that snakes can also die from eating poisoned rodents. You dont want to eat a snake dosed up with warfarin or other toxin^2. Pay attention to context.", "Rinse the carcass, and wipe down with a clean paper towel, then cut the body in to manageable lengths with a sharp knife or pair of poultry shears.", "We're going to treat the snake much like you would a small lake fish, though you can also treat it like chicken. This is my favorite way to cook bluegill.", "I dipped the segments in a bit of egg white (milk would also do) before dredging them in a pepper and sweet cornmeal mix (actually just Jiffy mix with some extra black pepper).", "Heat about 3/4\" of canola, vegetable, or peanut oil in a heavy frying pan (I prefer cast iron) until quite hot. A bit of dry batter should bubble nicely.", "Add the snake pieces one at a time to avoid dropping the temperature in the pan too quickly. Use tongs to keep your fingers away from the sizzling hot oil, watch for dangerous splatters, and use a screen if necessary to prevent mess.", "Turn the snake pieces just as the batter begins to turn golden- by the time it starts to brown the snake will be overcooked. There's not much meat on the bones, and the muscles are thin and lean. (Yes, we mostly overcooked ours, but it was still tasty.)", "Remove the snake pieces before they're quite done- they'll continue to cook after removal from the pan- and set them on paper towels to drain and cool.", "If you've still got more batter, chop up some veggies, dip them in the egg whites and/or milk, dredge in batter, and fry. You can also just mix the liquid into the batter and fry hushpuppies. It's all good.", "Serve your fried snake bits warm, and provide napkins- this is finger food. Accompany with most anything you'd serve with fried fish.", "There should be a line of muscle along either side of the spine; this is the thickest piece of meat on the snake's body. The ribs are quite firmly attached to the spine, so scrape your teeth over them firmly to remove the rest of the meat from the ribs.", "Since our snake was a bit overcooked it mostly tasted fried, but some of the thicker bits had a distinctive nutty snake flavor. I'm definitely looking forward to getting my hands on another (hopefully bigger) snake and trying this again!", "The other thing is that the grasshoppers needed to fear the frogs as that's their natural predator but the snakes help save the grasshoppers by eating the frogs. If all the snakes went extinct, there'll be less animals to hunt the frogs, therefore the grasshoppers would be in a more vulnerable risk of getting eaten by the frogs. There is a terrible situation which is if the hawks went extinct. The hawks needed to be there to try to get rid of the snakes. Snakes sounds scary because their venomous bite can be strong enough to kill some people. If hawks went extinct, the snake would overpopulate and humans needed to fear more and would be in a more vulnerable risk of snakebites. In 1970, the bald eagle was threatened by the government decided to restrict hunting because the bald eagle eats some small scary animals like the mouse, rat, snake, worm, etc. and these animal overpopulation might occur if the bald eagle went extinct and it would affect and harm human beings so much. If hunting bald eagle didn't stop, some parts of America would be overwhelmed by snakes which sounds very scary. The snakes would start to eat the frogs up and there might be more grasshoppers. The frogs are fun to observe, which affects some people. The other thing is that the frogs needed to fear the snakes as that's their natural predator but hawks help save the frogs by eating the snakes. If all the hawks went extinct, there'll be less animals to hunt the snakes, therefore the frogs wowould be in a more vulnerable risk of getting eaten by the snakes.", "Snake is good meat. This is a good method of cooking them, though there are definitely a few twists that you can put on this. I've made a video to illustrate the entire process in a more primitive setting. Hope this helps. Enjoy!", "When I was 10, my dad wants me to learn how he live. So we take a vacation in his province in the entire summer. Everyday we always have a unique food, monitor lizards, grasshoppers, beetles, snakes, cobras, rodents, rabbits, grubs, crickets, sting rays and frogs. The only animal that I didn't taste is dog because my father doesn't want me to. AFAIR, frogs, lizards, snakes, rodents and rabbits all taste like chicken. grasshoppers, grubs and crickets taste like anchovies. Boiled beetles (June Beetle) have a unique taste, and it's really delicious. Sting rays had small bones that is like a sand in your mouth, but it's really soft. Sting rays taste also like a chicken.", "wow man. thats cool. im currentle looking up interesting, exotic, and rarely eaten foods and you totally just fit the bill.", "I'd bet it's probably tougher and a little oily, because it's like all muscle. I've got t otry this, we get a ton of snakes down here in New Orleans, though I don't think whatever they eat is healthy for you.", "Very lean, and not at all oily. The taste was a bit nutty. They're as healthy for you as anything else, so long as they're not eating a diet of partially- poisoned rodents. This snake was from rural Indiana, so I'm pretty sure he got good healthy rodents. City snakes would be more suspect.", "I'd definitely move the rating from \"partially-poisoned\" to \"dangerously radioactive\" This place is a mess, really...no one cares about it, no one takes care of it... A snake could eat anything here. Look around...What's the first thing you see (that's smaller than a toaster?) Imagine it soaked in greenish moldy mud for 10 years, then dug up and chewed up by some random animal. That's the kind of stuff you'll find on the ground around here.", "Ahhhh I figured that about 3 days after, I think I was reading some other instructable or something... Whenever we travel, we either go out to eat, or just make something incredibly simple, ie pasta. Its just didn't hit me, I guess :P", "Well, this one mainly tasted fried because I overcooked it; however, there were definitely bits that had a distinctive almost nutty taste that was clearly snake. I liked it, and would definitely make it again." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Cook a Snake : 6 Steps (with Pictures) - Instructables\n\nFollowing\n\ninstructablescookingProjectsCommunity\n\n# How to Cook a Snake\n\nBy canida in Cooking\n\n100,771\n\n88\n\n53\n\nFeatured\n\n## Introduction: How to Cook a Snake\n\nBy canida\n\nMore by the author:\n\nAbout: I helped start Instructables, previously worked in biotech and academic\nresearch labs, and have a degree in biology from MIT. Currently at our parent\ncompany Autodesk, learning new things, and trying to catc... More About canida\n»\n\nRoadkill. It's what's for dinner when the apocalypse comes.\n\nLearn how to cook snake, and you'll be ready for almost anything.\n\nA companion piece to How to Skin and Clean a Dead Snake.\n\nIngredients: 1 snake 1 box Jiffy cornbread mix 1/2 c egg whites (I used the\npre-packaged eggwhites to avoid wasting yolks) splash black pepper 1/2\" oil\n(depends on pan size)\n\n### Teacher Notes\n\nTeachers! Did you use this instructable in your classroom? Add a Teacher Note\nto share how you incorporated it into your lesson.\n\n## Step 1: Acquire Fresh Snake\n\nThis is probably going to be the hard part.\n\nSnakes do a fine job keeping the world free of unnecessary rodents; don't kill\nthem unless absolutely necessary! That said, if you do kill a snake, or find\none dead, don't let it go to waste.\n\nThe snake in this Instructable was run over by a car; Eric found it a couple\nminutes later, its heart still beating, in the process of expiring by the side\nof the road. Since we knew both time and cause^1 of death, and refrigerated\nthe carcass promptly, it was safe to eat.\n\nA bit of internet research identified it as a probable Black Rat Snake, a non-\npoisonous Indiana resident.\n\n^1 Note that snakes can also die from eating poisoned rodents. You dont want\nto eat a snake dosed up with warfarin or other toxin^2. Pay attention to\ncontext.\n\n^2 It's apparently fine to cook and eat poisonous snakes- cooking is\nsufficient to inactivate any venomous residue.\n\n## Step 2: Skin and Clean Snake\n\nCut off the head, strip off the skin, and remove the guts as described in this\nInstructable.\n\nRinse the carcass, and wipe down with a clean paper towel, then cut the body\nin to manageable lengths with a sharp knife or pair of poultry shears.\n\n## Step 3: Dredge\n\nWe're going to treat the snake much like you would a small lake fish, though\nyou can also treat it like chicken. This is my favorite way to cook bluegill.\n\nI dipped the segments in a bit of egg white (milk would also do) before\ndredging them in a pepper and sweet cornmeal mix (actually just Jiffy mix with\nsome extra black pepper).\n\nKnock off the excess.\n\n## Step 4: Fry\n\nHeat about 3/4\" of canola, vegetable, or peanut oil in a heavy frying pan (I\nprefer cast iron) until quite hot. A bit of dry batter should bubble nicely.\n\nAdd the snake pieces one at a time to avoid dropping the temperature in the\npan too quickly. Use tongs to keep your fingers away from the sizzling hot\noil, watch for dangerous splatters, and use a screen if necessary to prevent\nmess.\n\nTurn the snake pieces just as the batter begins to turn golden- by the time it\nstarts to brown the snake will be overcooked. There's not much meat on the\nbones, and the muscles are thin and lean. (Yes, we mostly overcooked ours, but\nit was still tasty.)\n\n## Step 5: Drain and Cool\n\nRemove the snake pieces before they're quite done- they'll continue to cook\nafter removal from the pan- and set them on paper towels to drain and cool.\n\nIf you've still got more batter, chop up some veggies, dip them in the egg\nwhites and/or milk, dredge in batter, and fry. You can also just mix the\nliquid into the batter and fry hushpuppies. It's all good.\n\nWe fried some fresh okra from the farmers' market.\n\n## Step 6: Serve\n\nServe your fried snake bits warm, and provide napkins- this is finger food.\nAccompany with most anything you'd serve with fried fish.\n\nThere should be a line of muscle along either side of the spine; this is the\nthickest piece of meat on the snake's body. The ribs are quite firmly attached\nto the spine, so scrape your teeth over them firmly to remove the rest of the\nmeat from the ribs.\n\nSince our snake was a bit overcooked it mostly tasted fried, but some of the\nthicker bits had a distinctive nutty snake flavor. I'm definitely looking\nforward to getting my hands on another (hopefully bigger) snake and trying\nthis again!\n\n## Be the First to Share\n\nDid you make this project? Share it with us!\n\n## Recommendations\n\n * ### First Time Author Contest\n\n * ### Scraps Speed Challenge\n\n * ### Kitchen Compromises Speed Challenge\n\n## 53 Discussions\n\n0\n\nMasashiN\n\n2 years ago\n\nThe other thing is that the grasshoppers needed to fear the frogs as that's\ntheir natural predator but the snakes help save the grasshoppers by eating the\nfrogs. If all the snakes went extinct, there'll be less animals to hunt the\nfrogs, therefore the grasshoppers would be in a more vulnerable risk of\ngetting eaten by the frogs. There is a terrible situation which is if the\nhawks went extinct. The hawks needed to be there to try to get rid of the\nsnakes. Snakes sounds scary because their venomous bite can be strong enough\nto kill some people. If hawks went extinct, the snake would overpopulate and\nhumans needed to fear more and would be in a more vulnerable risk of\nsnakebites. In 1970, the bald eagle was threatened by the government decided\nto restrict hunting because the bald eagle eats some small scary animals like\nthe mouse, rat, snake, worm, etc. and these animal overpopulation might occur\nif the bald eagle went extinct and it would affect and harm human beings so\nmuch. If hunting bald eagle didn't stop, some parts of America would be\noverwhelmed by snakes which sounds very scary. The snakes would start to eat\nthe frogs up and there might be more grasshoppers. The frogs are fun to\nobserve, which affects some people. The other thing is that the frogs needed\nto fear the snakes as that's their natural predator but hawks help save the\nfrogs by eating the snakes. If all the hawks went extinct, there'll be less\nanimals to hunt the snakes, therefore the frogs wowould be in a more\nvulnerable risk of getting eaten by the snakes.\n\n0\n\nHorseBackBob\n\n5 years ago on Introduction\n\nSnake is good meat. This is a good method of cooking them, though there are\ndefinitely a few twists that you can put on this. I've made a video to\nillustrate the entire process in a more primitive setting. Hope this helps.\nEnjoy!\n\n0\n\nlbj\n\n5 years ago\n\nthat looks good.but it's a snake\n\n0\n\nanimal lover\n\n6 years ago on Step 3\n\nCould you just roast it over a fire?\n\n0\n\njohnnyappleseed\n\n9 years ago on Introduction\n\nREALLY?... No snakes in new zealand?\n\n0\n\nAstralQueen\n\n10 years ago on Step 6\n\nHopefully, the next snake you get is also road kill, lol!\n\n0\n\nsupervillain\n\n12 years ago on Introduction\n\nWhen I was 10, my dad wants me to learn how he live. So we take a vacation in\nhis province in the entire summer. Everyday we always have a unique food,\nmonitor lizards, grasshoppers, beetles, snakes, cobras, rodents, rabbits,\ngrubs, crickets, sting rays and frogs. The only animal that I didn't taste is\ndog because my father doesn't want me to. AFAIR, frogs, lizards, snakes,\nrodents and rabbits all taste like chicken. grasshoppers, grubs and crickets\ntaste like anchovies. Boiled beetles (June Beetle) have a unique taste, and\nit's really delicious. Sting rays had small bones that is like a sand in your\nmouth, but it's really soft. Sting rays taste also like a chicken.\n\n0\n\nsajada\n\nReply 11 years ago on Introduction\n\nwow man. thats cool. im currentle looking up interesting, exotic, and rarely\neaten foods and you totally just fit the bill.\n\n0\n\ncanida\n\nReply 11 years ago on Introduction\n\nCool. If you ever do it again, take pictures!\n\n0\n\nreverendborq\n\nReply 11 years ago on Introduction\n\ncanida is a unique name , is it a flower?\n\n0\n\nwhatsisface\n\n12 years ago on Introduction\n\nJust curious... What does it taste like (in comparison to a regular meat)?\n\n0\n\nSnuffyDaPenguin\n\nReply 12 years ago on Introduction\n\nI'd bet it's probably tougher and a little oily, because it's like all muscle.\nI've got t otry this, we get a ton of snakes down here in New Orleans, though\nI don't think whatever they eat is healthy for you.\n\n0\n\ncanida\n\nReply 12 years ago on Introduction\n\nVery lean, and not at all oily. The taste was a bit nutty. They're as healthy\nfor you as anything else, so long as they're not eating a diet of partially-\npoisoned rodents. This snake was from rural Indiana, so I'm pretty sure he got\ngood healthy rodents. City snakes would be more suspect.\n\n0\n\nSnuffyDaPenguin\n\nReply 12 years ago on Introduction\n\nI'd definitely move the rating from \"partially-poisoned\" to \"dangerously\nradioactive\" This place is a mess, really...no one cares about it, no one\ntakes care of it... A snake could eat anything here. Look around...What's the\nfirst thing you see (that's smaller than a toaster?) Imagine it soaked in\ngreenish moldy mud for 10 years, then dug up and chewed up by some random\nanimal. That's the kind of stuff you'll find on the ground around here.\n\n0\n\nreverendborq\n\nReply 11 years ago on Introduction\n\nHEY SNUFF WHERE IS HERE?\n\n0\n\nzachninme\n\nReply 12 years ago on Introduction\n\nIndiana? I thought you guys were in San Fran?\n\n0\n\ncanida\n\nReply 12 years ago on Introduction\n\nWe do occasionally travel...\n\n0\n\nzachninme\n\nReply 12 years ago on Introduction\n\nAhhhh I figured that about 3 days after, I think I was reading some other\ninstructable or something... Whenever we travel, we either go out to eat, or\njust make something incredibly simple, ie pasta. Its just didn't hit me, I\nguess :P\n\n0\n\ncanida\n\nReply 12 years ago on Introduction\n\nWell, we're food geeks, and were probably raised wrong. ;D\n\n0\n\ncanida\n\nReply 12 years ago on Introduction\n\nWell, this one mainly tasted fried because I overcooked it; however, there\nwere definitely bits that had a distinctive almost nutty taste that was\nclearly snake. I liked it, and would definitely make it again.\n\nCategories\n\n * Circuits\n\n * Workshop\n\n * Craft\n\n * Cooking\n\n * Living\n\n * Outside\n\n * Teachers\n\nAbout Us\n\n * Who We Are\n * Why Publish?\n * Jobs\n\nResources\n\n * Sitemap\n * Help\n * Contact\n\nFind Us\n\n© 2020 Autodesk, Inc.\n\n * Terms of Service|\n * Privacy Statement|\n * Privacy settings|\n * Legal Notices & Trademarks\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.realtree.com/timber-2-table-articles/how-to-skin-and-prepare-a-rattlesnake-for-the-table", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411133337/https://www.realtree.com/timber-2-table-articles/how-to-skin-and-prepare-a-rattlesnake-for-the-table", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Skin and Prepare a Rattlesnake for the Table", "passages": [ "It's best to leave snakes alone, but if you do get a fresh rattlesnake, you might as well eat it.", "Let me start with a caveat. I hate killing snakes — even the venomous species. I can’t count the times I’ve shared a western Kentucky fishing hole with a cottonmouth, or a woodlot of squirrels with a copperhead. As long as I see them first, it’s all good. Still, venomous snakes and small kids, pets, or livestock don’t mix.", "From time to time, a buddy will call and report a recently-deceased rattlesnake, just in case I want it. I usually do. Rattlesnake meat is white, tender, and tastes like a cross between frog legs and turtle. While there are a lot of rib bones, a big rattlesnake has a backstrap-like muscle that runs the entire length of the backbone. Once cooked, that muscle peels out easily, giving the diner a boneless bite of goodness.", "Think you might want to try one in the future? Here’s how wildlife biologist Joe Lacefield and I skin and process a rattlesnake for the table, T2T style. Save the skin for a hat band, nifty wall display, or decorative backing for a self-bow.", "Step 1. Remove the head. Dead rattlesnakes can still bite. It’s a nervous system deal, similar to a turkey that flops around for a few minutes after a fatal shot. Don’t mess with the head. Don’t take any chances. If the head wasn’t removed by a shotgun blast, use a long-handled hoe or a machete to remove it from a distance. Use a long-handled shovel to pick it up and dispose of it safely, away from curious pets or kids. If you can’t remove the head from a safe distance, just don’t mess with it at all. While rattlesnake meat is great to eat, it isn’t worth receiving a bite.", "Just like wild mushrooms, you might only get one chance to mess this up. If you aren’t confident in your ability to do it safely, find an expert to help you.", "(Editor's Note: Realtree, Timber2Table, and the author are NOT responsible for any injuries incurred while hunting, killing or prepping snakes.)", "Besides safety concerns, it’s important to always check your state and local regulations when it comes to killing or possessing a rattlesnake. They are a protected species in many areas. If you plan on gifting a rattlesnake to a friend in another state or area, check the regs in both places. Transporting a rattlesnake across state lines where they might be protected can result in federal wildlife violations.", "Step 2. Wear a pair of latex gloves. Snakes, like raw chicken or turtle, can carry salmonella. Since you probably aren’t next to a sink and soap while you are cleaning them, gloves offer protection. Just like chicken or turtle, rattlesnake meat should be cooked to at least 165 degrees internal temperature for safety.", "Step 3. Use a pair of scissors to open the snake’s belly. Start where the head used to be (before you safely removed it), down to the tip of the tail.", "Step 4. Use a sharp knife to loosen the skin around the neck area of the snake to start separating it from the meat. Move down to the tail and loosen the skin in front of the rattles the same way so that it doesn’t tear when you get down to that part in the skinning process.", "Step 5. Grasp the rattlesnake in your left hand and get a grip on the skin at the neck with either your right hand or a pair of pliers. Peel the skin downward, just like peeling a banana. Roll the skin and place it in the freezer, or stretch it (scales down) on a long board and apply salt or Borax liberally, covering every square inch of skin.", "Step 6. Remove the entrails from the body cavity. They should pull out in one long piece, leaving the cavity clean.", "Step 7. Cut the rattlesnake in cross sections, about 2-3 inches in length. Leave the narrow sections of the neck and tail longer, since there isn’t as much meat on those. The thicker sections from the center of the body get cut into shorter lengths so that everything cooks in the same amount of time.", "Realtree EXCAPETMRealtree MAX-1 XT® CamoPredators & Small GameLand ManagementNorth AmericaUnited StatesCanadaSpringSummerFallCroplandsHard Woods / Mixed ForestMountains / RockyOpen / Arid / BrushyPine / ConiferousRiver BottomWetlandsShotgunRifleTimber 2 Table Articles" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Skin and Prepare a Rattlesnake for the Table\n\nSkip to main content\n\n×\n\n#### Camo\n\n#### Hunting\n\n###### Pan-Fried Venison Buns\n\nApril 9, 2021 | Timber 2 Table Wild Game Recipes\n\n###### Popper-Style Whole Wild Turkey Breast\n\nApril 7, 2021 | Timber 2 Table Wild Game Recipes\n\n#### Categories\n\n * Deer Hunting\n * Turkey Hunting\n * Waterfowl Hunting\n * Bowhunting\n * Big Game Hunting\n * Fishing\n * Predator Hunting\n * Small Game Hunting\n * Guns and Shooting\n * Food Plots / Land Management\n\n#### Editorial\n\n * Articles\n * News Articles\n * Photo Galleries\n * Videos\n * Quizzes\n * Blogs\n\n#### Community\n\n * Trophy Den\n * Hunting Forums\n * Forum Registration\n * BUCKMASTERS\n * BONE COLLECTOR\n\n#### Timber 2 Table\n\n * Venison Recipes\n * Wild Turkey Recipes\n * Upland Game Bird Recipes\n * Duck and Goose Recipes\n * Elk Recipes\n * Moose Recipes\n * Bear Recipes\n * Pork Recipes\n * Squirrel Recipes\n * Fish Recipes\n * Rabbit Recipes\n * Wild Fruits and Vegetables\n * Raccoon Recipes\n * Beaver Recipes\n\n#### TV Shows\n\n * Bill Jordan’s Realtree Outdoors\n * Monster Bucks®\n * Realtree Road Trips®\n\n#### Pro Staff\n\n * Bill Jordan\n * Tyler Jordan\n * David Blanton\n * View All\n\n#### Resources\n\n * Outfitters\n * State DNRs\n * Promotions\n * Fish & Game Forecaster\n\n#### Fishing\n\n#### Store\n\n# How to Skin and Prepare a Rattlesnake for the Table\n\nBy Michael Pendley author of Timber 2 Table Wild Game RecipesMarch 18, 2021\n\nIt's best to leave snakes alone, but if you do get a fresh rattlesnake, you\nmight as well eat it.\n\nLet me start with a caveat. I hate killing snakes — even the venomous species.\nI can’t count the times I’ve shared a western Kentucky fishing hole with a\ncottonmouth, or a woodlot of squirrels with a copperhead. As long as I see\nthem first, it’s all good. Still, venomous snakes and small kids, pets, or\nlivestock don’t mix.\n\nFrom time to time, a buddy will call and report a recently-deceased\nrattlesnake, just in case I want it. I usually do. Rattlesnake meat is white,\ntender, and tastes like a cross between frog legs and turtle. While there are\na lot of rib bones, a big rattlesnake has a backstrap-like muscle that runs\nthe entire length of the backbone. Once cooked, that muscle peels out easily,\ngiving the diner a boneless bite of goodness.\n\nThink you might want to try one in the future? Here’s how wildlife biologist\nJoe Lacefield and I skin and process a rattlesnake for the table, T2T style.\nSave the skin for a hat band, nifty wall display, or decorative backing for a\nself-bow.\n\n(Don't Miss: Deep-Fried Spicy Rattlesnake Recipe)\n\nImage 1 of 7\n\n#### 1 | Always remove the head before handling a rattlesnake\n\nStep 1. Remove the head. Dead rattlesnakes can still bite. It’s a nervous\nsystem deal, similar to a turkey that flops around for a few minutes after a\nfatal shot. Don’t mess with the head. Don’t take any chances. If the head\nwasn’t removed by a shotgun blast, use a long-handled hoe or a machete to\nremove it from a distance. Use a long-handled shovel to pick it up and dispose\nof it safely, away from curious pets or kids. If you can’t remove the head\nfrom a safe distance, just don’t mess with it at all. While rattlesnake meat\nis great to eat, it isn’t worth receiving a bite.\n\nJust like wild mushrooms, you might only get one chance to mess this up. If\nyou aren’t confident in your ability to do it safely, find an expert to help\nyou.\n\n(Editor's Note: Realtree, Timber2Table, and the author are NOT responsible for\nany injuries incurred while hunting, killing or prepping snakes.)\n\nBesides safety concerns, it’s important to always check your state and local\nregulations when it comes to killing or possessing a rattlesnake. They are a\nprotected species in many areas. If you plan on gifting a rattlesnake to a\nfriend in another state or area, check the regs in both places. Transporting a\nrattlesnake across state lines where they might be protected can result in\nfederal wildlife violations.\n\nRead More...\n\nImage 1 of 7\n\nImage 2 of 7\n\n#### 2 | Where gloves to protect from salmonella.\n\nStep 2. Wear a pair of latex gloves. Snakes, like raw chicken or turtle, can\ncarry salmonella. Since you probably aren’t next to a sink and soap while you\nare cleaning them, gloves offer protection. Just like chicken or turtle,\nrattlesnake meat should be cooked to at least 165 degrees internal temperature\nfor safety.\n\n(Don't Miss: Texas Men Discover Rattlesnake Den Under Hunt Cabin)\n\nRead More...\n\nImage 2 of 7\n\nImage 3 of 7\n\n#### 3 | Use a pair of scissors to open the snake's belly\n\nStep 3. Use a pair of scissors to open the snake’s belly. Start where the head\nused to be (before you safely removed it), down to the tip of the tail.\n\nRead More...\n\nImage 3 of 7\n\nImage 4 of 7\n\n#### 4 | Use a sharp blade to start removing the skin at both the head and\ntail ends.\n\nStep 4. Use a sharp knife to loosen the skin around the neck area of the snake\nto start separating it from the meat. Move down to the tail and loosen the\nskin in front of the rattles the same way so that it doesn’t tear when you get\ndown to that part in the skinning process.\n\n(Don't Miss: Rattlesnakes Take Over Texas Yard)\n\nRead More...\n\nImage 4 of 7\n\nImage 5 of 7\n\n#### 5 | Peel the skin away from the meat\n\nStep 5. Grasp the rattlesnake in your left hand and get a grip on the skin at\nthe neck with either your right hand or a pair of pliers. Peel the skin\ndownward, just like peeling a banana. Roll the skin and place it in the\nfreezer, or stretch it (scales down) on a long board and apply salt or Borax\nliberally, covering every square inch of skin.\n\nRead More...\n\nImage 5 of 7\n\nImage 6 of 7\n\n#### 6 | Remove the entrails from the body cavity\n\nStep 6. Remove the entrails from the body cavity. They should pull out in one\nlong piece, leaving the cavity clean.\n\n(Don't Miss: Snakes! Turkey Hunting Encounters)\n\nRead More...\n\nImage 6 of 7\n\nImage 7 of 7\n\n#### 7 | Cut the snake into cross sections for easier cooking and serving\n\nStep 7. Cut the rattlesnake in cross sections, about 2-3 inches in length.\nLeave the narrow sections of the neck and tail longer, since there isn’t as\nmuch meat on those. The thicker sections from the center of the body get cut\ninto shorter lengths so that everything cooks in the same amount of time.\n\nRead More...\n\nImage 7 of 7\n\nIrish Setter Boots\n\n### Irish Setter VaprTrek® Realtree EDGE Camo Snake Boot\n\n$229.99 Learn More\n\n### Get the latest Timber 2 Table recipes and articles in your inbox!\n\nYou Might Also Like\n\n * Gallery\n\n###### 5 Easy Ways to Ruin Your Cast Iron\n\nSeptember 17, 2020 | Timber 2 Table Articles\n\n * ###### 10 Tips for Better Dove Hunting\n\nAugust 20, 2020 | From Articles\n\n * Gallery\n\n###### Photo Gallery: From Buttons to Booner\n\nApril 10, 2021 | From Galleries\n\n * ###### Python Cowboy Captures 17-Foot Snake After Bloody Battle\n\nJune 22, 2020 | The Realblog with Stephanie Mallory\n\nRealtree EXCAPETMRealtree MAX-1 XT® CamoPredators & Small GameLand\nManagementNorth AmericaUnited StatesCanadaSpringSummerFallCroplandsHard Woods\n/ Mixed ForestMountains / RockyOpen / Arid / BrushyPine / ConiferousRiver\nBottomWetlandsShotgunRifleTimber 2 Table Articles\n\nSponsored by DataSport\n\n##### Realtree Blogs\n\n * Turkey Blog with Steve Hickoff\n\n * Timber 2 Table Wild Game Recipes\n\n * The Realblog with Stephanie Mallory\n\n * The Duck Blog\n\n * Guns and Camo\n\n * Brow Tines and Backstrap\n\n * #### About This Blog\n\nTimber 2 Table Articles\n\n * #### Recent Posts\n\n * How to Skin and Prepare a Rattlesnake for the Table\n * 10 Favorite Wild Game Recipes for the Big Game\n * Meat Hunter’s Rules for Shooting the Right Deer\n * 15 Best Hunting Camp Cooking Hacks\n * How to Make a Perfect Cup of Camp Coffee\n * Homemade Bourbon Vanilla Extract for Holiday Baking\n\n * #### Categories\n\n * White-Tailed Deer (1,155)\n * Turkey (781)\n * Big Game (758)\n * Waterfowl (719)\n * Ducks (611)\n * Geese (558)\n\n * COMPANY HISTORY\n * MEDIA ROOM\n * ADVERTISE\n * WALLPAPERS\n * FAQ & CONTACT US\n * LEGAL\n * EXTRANET\n * LICENSING\n\n * COMPANY HISTORY\n * MEDIA ROOM\n\n * ADVERTISE\n * WALLPAPERS\n\n * FAQ & CONTACT US\n * LEGAL\n\n * EXTRANET\n * LICENSING\n\n©2021 Jordan Outdoor Enterprises, Ltd. All rights reserved. Site by Gray Loon.\n\n * Realtree 365\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/cornmeal-crusted-rattle-snake-with-cactus-corn-succotash-recipe-1910688", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210124170022/https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/cornmeal-crusted-rattle-snake-with-cactus-corn-succotash-recipe-1910688", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cornmeal Crusted Rattle Snake with Cactus-Corn Succotash Recipe", "passages": [ "Using a sharp boning knife remove the meat from the snake by cutting down the back, just slightly to 1 side of the spine from the head to the rattle. Using the tip of the knife peel the meat from the ?rib cage?. Once you removed the 2 long strips of meat, lightly pound them with the back of the knife to tenderize them. Cut the strips of meat into 1-inch pieces and place in a bowl with the buttermilk. Mix to coat well. In a large bowl combine the cornmeal with the flour and the spices. Heat the oil in a large skillet on medium high heat. Dredge the snake pieces in the flour mixture and fry for 2 minutes or until golden brown and then transfer to a paper towel lined plate. Repeat until all the snake pieces are cooked. Serve with Cactus-Corn Succotash.", "Grilling the vegetables first gives another great layer of flavor, however, it is not absolutely necessary. Just omit that step and cook the vegetable right in the pan. In a skillet on high heat saute the vegetables except the tomatoes in the olive oil for 2 minutes. Add the stock and butter and cook until mixture reduces by half. Add tomatoes and seasoning and serve with the warm snake \"nuggets\" on top." ] }, "parsed_md": "Cornmeal Crusted Rattle Snake with Cactus-Corn Succotash Recipe | Food Network\n\n * Watch Full Seasons\n * TV Schedule\n * Videos\n * Shop\n * Sweepstakes\n * Magazine\n * Blog\n * Shows A-Z\n * Chefs A-Z\n * Restaurants\n\nRecipes\n\n * Healthy\n * Family Dinners\n * Easy Comfort Food\n * Baking\n * Our Best Recipes\n\nSee All Recipes\n\nRecipe of the Day\n\n#### Orange Chicken\n\nTrending Recipes\n\n#### Korean Fried Chicken\n\n#### Neapolitan Swirl Bread\n\n#### Healthy Vegetable and Couscous Stuffed Peppers\n\n#### Lemon Meringue Pie for Two\n\nShows\n\nTV Schedule See TV Schedule\n\n * #### Barefoot Contessa: Cook Like a Pro\n\n7am | 6c\n\n * #### Barefoot Contessa: Cook Like a Pro\n\n7:30am | 6:30c\n\n * #### Valerie's Home Cooking\n\n8am | 7c\n\n * #### Valerie's Home Cooking\n\n8:30am | 7:30c\n\n * #### The Pioneer Woman\n\n9am | 8c\n\n * #### The Pioneer Woman\n\n9:30am | 8:30c\n\n * #### The Pioneer Woman\n\n10am | 9c\n\n * #### The Pioneer Woman\n\n10:30am | 9:30c\n\n * #### Girl Meets Farm\n\n11am | 10c\n\n * #### Trisha's Southern Kitchen\n\n11:30am | 10:30c\n\n * #### Delicious Miss Brown\n\n12pm | 11c\n\n * #### Delicious Miss Brown\n\n12:30pm | 11:30c\n\n * #### The Kitchen\n\n1pm | 12c\n\n * #### Supermarket Stakeout\n\n2pm | 1c\n\n * #### Guy's Grocery Games\n\n3pm | 2c\n\n * #### Guy's Grocery Games\n\n4pm | 3c\n\n * #### Guy's Grocery Games\n\n5pm | 4c\n\n * #### Guy's Grocery Games\n\n6pm | 5c\n\n * #### Guy's Grocery Games\n\n7pm | 6c\n\n * #### Guy's Grocery Games\n\n8pm | 7c\n\n * ###### On Tonight\n\n#### Worst Cooks in America\n\n9pm | 8c\n\n * #### Cakealikes\n\n10pm | 9c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n11pm | 10c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n11:30pm | 10:30c\n\n * #### Worst Cooks in America\n\n12am | 11c\n\n * #### Cakealikes\n\n1am | 12c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n2am | 1c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n2:30am | 1:30c\n\n * #### Guy's Grocery Games\n\n3am | 2c\n\nSee All Shows\n\nPopular Shows\n\n#### Worst Cooks in America\n\n#### Supermarket Stakeout\n\n#### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\nIn the Kitchen\n\n#### The Pioneer Woman\n\n#### The Kitchen\n\n#### Delicious Miss Brown\n\nChefs\n\nChefs & Hosts\n\n#### Kardea Brown\n\n#### Ree Drummond\n\n#### Ina Garten\n\n#### Sunny Anderson\n\n#### Bobby Flay\n\n#### Valerie Bertinelli\n\n#### Guy Fieri\n\n#### Giada De Laurentiis\n\n#### Molly Yeh\n\nSee All Chefs\n\nFood Network Kitchen\n\nPremium\n\nAll your cooking needs in one place\n\nTry it free for 30 days\n\n#### Step-by-Step Tutorials\n\n#### Browse Meal Plans\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 1PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Pull-Apart Caramel Rolls\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 2PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Bell Pepper Keto Nachos\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 4PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Tomato Soup Mac and Cheese\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 6PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Baked Fish with Shaved Brussels Sprout Salad\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 8PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Biscoff Cream Pie\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 9PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Sheet Pan Chicken Teriyaki and Vegetables\n\n#### Try Premium\n\nFood Network Kitchen\n\nPremium\n\n * My Meal Plans\n * Browse Meal Plans\n * Classes\n * Live Class Schedule\n * Weeknight Dinners\n\nNew Meal Plans this Week\n\n#### Use Your Slow Cooker Every Night This Week\n\n#### Meal Prep: Breakfasts\n\nClasses\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 1PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Pull-Apart Caramel Rolls\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 2PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Bell Pepper Keto Nachos\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 4PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Tomato Soup Mac and Cheese\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 6PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Baked Fish with Shaved Brussels Sprout Salad\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 8PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Biscoff Cream Pie\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 9PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Sheet Pan Chicken Teriyaki and Vegetables\n\nPREVIOUSLY LIVE\n\n#### Orzo Puttanesca with Chicken\n\nPREVIOUSLY LIVE\n\n#### Instant Pot Beef Stew\n\n * Home\n * Recipes\n\nPrev Recipe Next Recipe\n\nCornmeal Crusted Rattle Snake with Cactus-Corn Succotash\n\nRecipe courtesy of Joey Altman\n\nRecipe courtesy of Joey Altman\n\nShow: Appetite for Adventure\n\nEpisode: Bouldering and Buggying in Joshua Tree National Park\n\n# Cornmeal Crusted Rattle Snake with Cactus-Corn Succotash\n\nGetting reviews...\n\nSave Recipe\n\n * Level: Intermediate\n * Total: 40 min\n\n * Prep: 30 min\n * Cook: 10 min\n\n * Yield: 4 servings\n\nShare This Recipe\n\n * Pinterest\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Email\n\n * Level: Intermediate\n * Total: 40 min\n\n * Prep: 30 min\n * Cook: 10 min\n\n * Yield: 4 servings\n\n### Ingredients\n\n###### Cactus-corn succotash:\n\nView Shopping List\n\n### Directions\n\n 1. Using a sharp boning knife remove the meat from the snake by cutting down the back, just slightly to 1 side of the spine from the head to the rattle. Using the tip of the knife peel the meat from the ?rib cage?. Once you removed the 2 long strips of meat, lightly pound them with the back of the knife to tenderize them. Cut the strips of meat into 1-inch pieces and place in a bowl with the buttermilk. Mix to coat well. In a large bowl combine the cornmeal with the flour and the spices. Heat the oil in a large skillet on medium high heat. Dredge the snake pieces in the flour mixture and fry for 2 minutes or until golden brown and then transfer to a paper towel lined plate. Repeat until all the snake pieces are cooked. Serve with Cactus-Corn Succotash.\n\n#### Cactus-corn succotash:\n\n 1. Grilling the vegetables first gives another great layer of flavor, however, it is not absolutely necessary. Just omit that step and cook the vegetable right in the pan. In a skillet on high heat saute the vegetables except the tomatoes in the olive oil for 2 minutes. Add the stock and butter and cook until mixture reduces by half. Add tomatoes and seasoning and serve with the warm snake \"nuggets\" on top.\n\nRecipe courtesy of Joey Altman, Copyright 2001\n\n### My Private Notes\n\nAdd a Note\n\nShow: Appetite for Adventure\n\nEpisode: Bouldering and Buggying in Joshua Tree National Park\n\n##### Categories:\n\nTomato Side Dish Side Dish Tomato Skillet Recipes Squash Grain Recipes\nButtermilk Dairy Recipes Corn Recipes Jalapeno Recipes\n\n### Looking for Something Else?\n\nHealthy Highly Rated 5 Ingredients or Less Surprise Me\n\n#### Cornmeal Crusted Shrimp with Spicy 3-2-1 Sauce and Chayote Salad\n\n#### Citrus Ginger Crusted Tuna Loin Served with Fufu, Chayote Slaw, and\nSmoked Tomato Vinaigrette\n\n#### Cornbread Salad\n\n#### Upside-Down Tamale Pie\n\n### Classes You May Also Like\n\nCarla Hall\n\n### Flaky Buttermilk Biscuits\n\n20m Easy 99%\n\nCLASS\n\nDana Beninati\n\n### Chicken, Pepper and Corn Stir-Fry\n\n36m Intermediate 99%\n\nCLASS\n\nAnne Burrell\n\n### Corn Chowder\n\n34m Easy 96%\n\nCLASS\n\nJet Tila\n\n### Autumn Vegetable Stir-Fry\n\n21m Easy 100%\n\nCLASS\n\n### Take a Class on Food Network Kitchen\n\nIna Garten\n\n### Skillet Roasted Lemon Chicken\n\n10m Easy 99%\n\nCLASS\n\nErin Jeanne McDowell\n\n### Loaded Veggie Quiche with Quinoa Crust\n\n18m Easy 100%\n\nCLASS\n\nJet Tila\n\n### One-Pan Parmesan-Crusted Vegetable Quesadillas\n\n17m Easy 100%\n\nCLASS\n\n#### Stream discovery+\n\nYour favorite shows, personalities, and exclusive originals. All in one place.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\n### 👩🍳 What's Cooking\n\n#### Quick + Healthy Meals\n\n#### Our Very Best Recipes\n\n#### Plant-Based Ideas\n\nDiscover More Recipes...\n\n### Our Newsletter\n\nSign up for the Recipe of the Day Newsletter Privacy Policy\n\n### Related Pages\n\n * Cajun Cornmeal Crusted Chicken Recipe\n * Sweet Corn Succotash Recipe\n * Southern Cornmeal-Crusted Catfish Recipe\n * Cornmeal-Crusted Catfish Fillets Recipe\n * Barbecued Corn Succotash Recipe\n * Chef Walter Bundy's Surry Sausage and White Corn...\n\n * Site Map\n * Visitor Agreement\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Notice\n * About\n * Newsroom\n * Advertise\n * Help\n * TV Ratings\n * Online Closed Captioning\n * California Privacy Notice\n * CA Do Not Sell My Info\n * Discovery, Inc.\n\n * International Editions\n\n * United States\n * Asia\n * Brazil\n * Canada\n * Europe, Middle East & Africa\n * United Kingdom\n * Latin America\n * The Discovery Family of Networks\n\n * Cooking Channel\n * Food.com\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Travel Channel\n * Great American Country\n * © 2021 Discovery or its subsidiaries and affiliates. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/when-how-handwashing.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410231156/https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/when-how-handwashing.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Ffeatures%2Fhandwashing%2Findex.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "When and How to Wash Your Hands", "passages": [ "During the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, keeping hands clean is especially important to help prevent the virus from spreading. Read more about how to protect yourself and others.", "Handwashing is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your family from getting sick. Learn when and how you should wash your hands to stay healthy.", "Washing hands can keep you healthy and prevent the spread of respiratory and diarrheal infections from one person to the next. Germs can spread from other people or surfaces when you:", "You can help yourself and your loved ones stay healthy by washing your hands often, especially during these key times when you are likely to get and spread germs:", "The guidance for the list of key times to wash hands was developed based on data from a number of studies. There can also be other times when it is important to wash hands.", "To prevent the spread of germs during the COVID-19 pandemic, you should also wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol to clean hands BEFORE and AFTER:", "Touching an item or surface that may be frequently touched by other people, such as door handles, tables, gas pumps, shopping carts, or electronic cashier registers/screens", "Washing your hands is easy, and it’s one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of germs. Clean hands can stop germs from spreading from one person to another and throughout an entire community—from your home and workplace to childcare facilities and hospitals.", "Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails.", "Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need a timer? Hum the “Happy Birthday” song from beginning to end twice.", "You can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol if soap and water are not available.", "Washing hands with soap and water is the best way to get rid of germs in most situations. If soap and water are not readily available, you can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. You can tell if the sanitizer contains at least 60% alcohol by looking at the product label.", "Caution! Swallowing alcohol-based hand sanitizers can cause alcohol poisoning if more than a couple of mouthfuls are swallowed. Keep it out of reach of young children and supervise their use.", "Rub the gel over all the surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry. This should take around 20 seconds.", "CDC’s Life is Better with Clean Hands campaign encourages adults to make handwashing part of their everyday life and encourages parents to wash their hands to set a good example for their kids. Visit the Life is Better with Clean Hands campaign page to download resources to help promote handwashing in your community.", "Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website." ] }, "parsed_md": "When and How to Wash Your Hands | Handwashing | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People\n\nHandwashing: Clean Hands Save Lives\n\n# When and How to Wash Your Hands\n\nEspañol (Spanish)\n\nminus icon\n\nAdditional Languages\n\n * Cuándo y cómo lavarse las manos\n * اپنے ہاتھوں کو کب اور کیسے دھوئیں\n * 何时以及如何洗手\n * Quando e como lavar as suas mãos\n * কখন এবং কীভাবে আপনার হাত ধোবেন\n * متى وكيف تغسل يديك\n * Quand et comment se laver les mains\n\nRelated Pages\n\nexclamation circle solid icon\n\nDuring the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, keeping hands clean is\nespecially important to help prevent the virus from spreading. Read more about\nhow to protect yourself and others.\n\nHandwashing is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your family from\ngetting sick. Learn when and how you should wash your hands to stay healthy.\n\n#### How Germs Spread\n\nWashing hands can keep you healthy and prevent the spread of respiratory and\ndiarrheal infections from one person to the next. Germs can spread from other\npeople or surfaces when you:\n\n * Touch your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands\n * Prepare or eat food and drinks with unwashed hands\n * Touch a contaminated surface or objects\n * Blow your nose, cough, or sneeze into hands and then touch other people’s hands or common objects\n\n#### Key Times to Wash Hands\n\nYou can help yourself and your loved ones stay healthy by washing your hands\noften, especially during these key times when you are likely to get and spread\ngerms:\n\n * Before, during, and after preparing food\n * Before and after eating food\n * Before and after caring for someone at home who is sick with vomiting or diarrhea\n * Before and after treating a cut or wound\n * After using the toilet\n * After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet\n * After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing\n * After touching an animal, animal feed, or animal waste\n * After handling pet food or pet treats\n * After touching garbage\n\nThe guidance for the list of key times to wash hands was developed based on\ndata from a number of studies. There can also be other times when it is\nimportant to wash hands.\n\nTo prevent the spread of germs during the COVID-19 pandemic, you should also\nwash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use a hand\nsanitizer with at least 60% alcohol to clean hands BEFORE and AFTER:\n\n * Touching your eyes, nose, or mouth\n * Touching your mask\n * Entering and leaving a public place\n * Touching an item or surface that may be frequently touched by other people, such as door handles, tables, gas pumps, shopping carts, or electronic cashier registers/screens\n\n#### Follow Five Steps to Wash Your Hands the Right Way\n\nWashing your hands is easy, and it’s one of the most effective ways to prevent\nthe spread of germs. Clean hands can stop germs from spreading from one person\nto another and throughout an entire community—from your home and workplace to\nchildcare facilities and hospitals.\n\nFollow these five steps every time.\n\n 1. Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap, and apply soap.\n 2. Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails.\n 3. Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need a timer? Hum the “Happy Birthday” song from beginning to end twice.\n 4. Rinse your hands well under clean, running water.\n 5. Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them.\n\nWhy? Read the science behind the recommendations.\n\n#### Use Hand Sanitizer When You Can’t Use Soap and Water\n\nYou can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol\nif soap and water are not available.\n\nWashing hands with soap and water is the best way to get rid of germs in most\nsituations. If soap and water are not readily available, you can use an\nalcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. You can tell\nif the sanitizer contains at least 60% alcohol by looking at the product\nlabel.\n\nSanitizers can quickly reduce the number of germs on hands in many situations.\nHowever,\n\n * Sanitizers do not get rid of all types of germs.\n * Hand sanitizers may not be as effective when hands are visibly dirty or greasy.\n * Hand sanitizers might not remove harmful chemicals from hands like pesticides and heavy metals.\n\nCaution! Swallowing alcohol-based hand sanitizers can cause alcohol poisoning\nif more than a couple of mouthfuls are swallowed. Keep it out of reach of\nyoung children and supervise their use.\n\n#### How to Use Hand Sanitizer\n\n * Apply the gel product to the palm of one hand (read the label to learn the correct amount).\n * Rub your hands together.\n * Rub the gel over all the surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry. This should take around 20 seconds.\n\n#### CDC’s Handwashing Campaign: Life is Better with Clean Hands\n\nCDC’s Life is Better with Clean Hands campaign encourages adults to make\nhandwashing part of their everyday life and encourages parents to wash their\nhands to set a good example for their kids. Visit the Life is Better with\nClean Hands campaign page to download resources to help promote handwashing in\nyour community.\n\nFor more information on handwashing, visit CDC’s Handwashing website or call\n1-800-CDC-INFO.\n\nMore Information\n\n * Frequent Questions About Hand Hygiene\n * Healthy Habits to Help Prevent Flu\n * Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings\n * Health Promotion Materials\n * Training and Education\n * Personal Hygiene During and Emergency\n\nPage last reviewed: November 24, 2020\n\nContent source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\n\nHand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings\n\nSee CDC’s recommendations and resources for Hand Hygiene in Healthcare\nSettings\n\nemail_03Get Email Updates\n\nTo receive email updates about this topic, enter your email address:\n\nHAVE QUESTIONS?\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification/Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.tasteofhome.com/recipes/hush-puppies/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303131454/https://www.tasteofhome.com/recipes/hush-puppies/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Hush Puppies Recipe: How to Make It", "passages": [ "A fish dinner isn’t complete without a side of hush puppies, and my mom is well-known for this recipe. It's the best! —Mary McGuire, Graham, NC", "In a large bowl, combine the cornmeal, flour, baking powder and salt. Whisk the egg, milk and onion; add to dry ingredients just until combined.", "In a cast-iron Dutch oven or an electric skillet, heat oil to 365°. Drop batter by tablespoonfuls into oil. Fry until golden brown, 2 to 2-1/2 minutes. Drain on paper towels. Serve warm.", "Peanut or vegetable oil are best for frying hush puppies. Both oils have a higher smoke point, which means they can be heated to a higher temperature before they start to break down. Read more about cooking oils and check out our other deep fryer recipes.", "The key to keeping hush puppies together is making sure the oil is heated to the correct temperature. Add 3-4 inches of oil to your skillet or Dutch oven, and using a thermometer, heat the oil to 365-375°. Periodically check the temperature while frying to make sure it remains between 350 and 375°. Be sure to follow our other frying tips.", "Hush puppies are fantastic as a snack when paired with spicy ketchup or aioli sauce. They are also a great complement to crispy fish and chips and family- favorite fried chicken.", "1 hush puppie: 55 calories, 3g fat (0 saturated fat), 9mg cholesterol, 86mg sodium, 7g carbohydrate (1g sugars, 0 fiber), 1g protein.", "Used 1 tsp onion powder instead of chopped onions as I did not want the pieces of onion in the bread. 2) Added an extra tablespoon of flour as the batter seemed to thin. 3) Used almond milk and gluten-free (measure-for- measure) flour because of my food sensitivities. This will definitely make it into my regular menu rotation!", "Used this recipe for my first time ever making hush puppies and it was a HUGE hit! Light and fluffy yet crunchy", "I have made hush puppies before, but they didn't turn out as good as these! I used self rising corn meal, so I just didn't add the baking powder. Had some trouble making them round, but the shapes didn't matter, they were delicious!!", "Followed the recipe to the letter has instructed. They came out positively stunning... so simple. Unfortunately they also came out devoid of flavor.", "This was delicious and so easy! I followed another reviewers advice and separated the egg and whipped up the egg white and folded it in. My husband and I have never had good luck with making hush puppies, yay for this recipe!", "Fantastic base recipe. As reviewers mentioned, it is fairly bland. I omitted the onion in the recipe and replaced with green onions in the batter along with a pinch more salt, white pepper, and a tiny hit of sriracha. The flavor profile choices are endless here. These cook quickly and turned out crisp on the outside, nice and tender in the center." ] }, "parsed_md": "Hush Puppies Recipe: How to Make It | Taste of Home\n\nShare\n\nSave\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nSave on Pinterest\n\nTweet this\n\nEmail\n\nNext Recipe\n\nSkip to main content\n\n * Submit a recipe\n * Login\n * Join\n\nSign up for Our Newsletters\n\nSign Up for Our Newsletters\n\nHomeDishes & BeveragesBreads, Rolls & PastriesBread Recipes\n\n# Hush Puppies\n\nA fish dinner isn’t complete without a side of hush puppies, and my mom is\nwell-known for this recipe. It's the best! —Mary McGuire, Graham, NC\n\n * Test Kitchen Approved\n * 26 reviews\n\n##### Recommended\n\n30 Bread Recipes for Your Cast-Iron Skillet\n\nNext Recipe\n\n * Rate\n * Comment\n * Save\n * Share\n\n * Print\n\nNext Recipe\n\n * ##### Total Time\n\nPrep/Total Time: 25 min.\n\n * ##### Makes\n\n2 dozen\n\n##### Read Next\n\nThe Best Immersion Blender Brands According to Kitchen Pros\n\nFry Bread\n\nPuffy Sopaipillas\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 1 cup yellow cornmeal\n * 1/4 cup all-purpose flour\n * 1-1/2 teaspoons baking powder\n * 1/2 teaspoon salt\n * 1 large egg, room temperature, lightly beaten\n * 3/4 cup 2% milk\n * 1 small onion, finely chopped\n * Oil for deep-fat frying\n\n## Directions\n\n * In a large bowl, combine the cornmeal, flour, baking powder and salt. Whisk the egg, milk and onion; add to dry ingredients just until combined.\n * In a cast-iron Dutch oven or an electric skillet, heat oil to 365°. Drop batter by tablespoonfuls into oil. Fry until golden brown, 2 to 2-1/2 minutes. Drain on paper towels. Serve warm.\n\n## Hush Puppies Tips\n\n### What oil do you use for hush puppies?\n\nPeanut or vegetable oil are best for frying hush puppies. Both oils have a\nhigher smoke point, which means they can be heated to a higher temperature\nbefore they start to break down. Read more about cooking oils and check out\nour other deep fryer recipes.\n\n### Why do my hush puppies fall apart?\n\nThe key to keeping hush puppies together is making sure the oil is heated to\nthe correct temperature. Add 3-4 inches of oil to your skillet or Dutch oven,\nand using a thermometer, heat the oil to 365-375°. Periodically check the\ntemperature while frying to make sure it remains between 350 and 375°. Be sure\nto follow our other frying tips.\n\n### What do you serve hush puppies with?\n\nHush puppies are fantastic as a snack when paired with spicy ketchup or aioli\nsauce. They are also a great complement to crispy fish and chips and family-\nfavorite fried chicken.\n\n##### Nutrition Facts\n\n1 hush puppie: 55 calories, 3g fat (0 saturated fat), 9mg cholesterol, 86mg\nsodium, 7g carbohydrate (1g sugars, 0 fiber), 1g protein.\n\n## Reviews\n\nLog in to rate\n\nClick stars to rate\n\nThank You! Your rating has been submitted. Please allow 24 hours for your\nreview to appear.\n\nAdd a rating or review to submit\n\nAverage Rating:\n\n * Robert\n\nJan 27, 2021\n\nI made these and they are easy but boring. I would just add some spice or\nsugar.\n\n * Charmaine\n\nJan 27, 2021\n\nMade this for the first time today and it was delicious! I made a few changes.\n1) Used 1 tsp onion powder instead of chopped onions as I did not want the\npieces of onion in the bread. 2) Added an extra tablespoon of flour as the\nbatter seemed to thin. 3) Used almond milk and gluten-free (measure-for-\nmeasure) flour because of my food sensitivities. This will definitely make it\ninto my regular menu rotation!\n\n * Carla\n\nNov 22, 2020\n\nJust wondering do you have to use buttermilk or 2% milk can you use regular\nmilk to make them\n\n * Linda\n\nMay 17, 2020\n\nUsed this recipe for my first time ever making hush puppies and it was a HUGE\nhit! Light and fluffy yet crunchy\n\n * Laura\n\nFeb 12, 2020\n\nI have made hush puppies before, but they didn't turn out as good as these! I\nused self rising corn meal, so I just didn't add the baking powder. Had some\ntrouble making them round, but the shapes didn't matter, they were delicious!!\n\n * Hope\n\nFeb 11, 2020\n\nIs it self rising cornmeal\n\n * Hj\n\nDec 27, 2019\n\nGross!! Too much onion!! Do not recommend unless you want onion breath for the\nnext week\n\n * Candace\n\nSep 20, 2019\n\nFollowed the recipe to the letter has instructed. They came out positively\nstunning... so simple. Unfortunately they also came out devoid of flavor.\n\n * Jennifer\n\nSep 9, 2019\n\nThis was delicious and so easy! I followed another reviewers advice and\nseparated the egg and whipped up the egg white and folded it in. My husband\nand I have never had good luck with making hush puppies, yay for this recipe!\n\n * christina\n\nMay 29, 2019\n\nFantastic base recipe. As reviewers mentioned, it is fairly bland. I omitted\nthe onion in the recipe and replaced with green onions in the batter along\nwith a pinch more salt, white pepper, and a tiny hit of sriracha. The flavor\nprofile choices are endless here. These cook quickly and turned out crisp on\nthe outside, nice and tender in the center.\n\n## More from Taste of Home\n\nFry Bread\n\nPuffy Sopaipillas\n\nCrawfish Beignets with Cajun Dipping Sauce\n\nCreole Cornbread\n\nPlantain Fritters\n\nDown Home Hush Puppies\n\nSweet Corn Beignets with Bacon-Sugar Dust\n\nOrange Fritters\n\nApple Fritters\n\nSouthern Apple Fritters\n\nSourdough English Muffins\n\nCarrot Fritters\n\nJalapeno Buttermilk Cornbread\n\nSpicy Pumpkin Fritters\n\nBanana Fritters\n\nCaramel Covered Banana Fritters\n\nSkillet Banana Fritters\n\nOrlando Orange Fritters\n\nButtermilk Berry Fritters\n\nCorn Pone\n\n * Recipes\n * Contests\n * Food News\n * Health & Wellness\n * Holidays & Events\n\n * Home & Living\n * Stuff We Love\n * Test Kitchen\n * Magazine\n * Subscription Box\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Family Handyman\n * Birds & Blooms\n * The Healthy\n\n * About Us\n * Contests\n * RSS\n * Magazine Customer Service\n * Contact Us\n * Log In\n * Help\n * Press Room\n * Advertise with Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information – CA Residents\n * Accessibility Statement\n * About Ads\n\n© 2021 RDA Enthusiast Brands, LLC\n\n### Sign-up for recipes to your inbox\n\nTaste of Home is America's #1 cooking magazine.\n\n * Google Chrome\n * Apple Safari\n * Mozilla Firefox\n * Microsoft Edge\n\n * RecipesMore Items\n\n * SEE ALL RECIPES\n * Cooking Gear & Gadgets\n * Cooking Styles\n * Cuisines\n * Dishes & Beverages\n * Health & Wellness\n * Holidays & Events\n * Ingredients\n * Meal Types\n * Techniques\n * Contests\n * Food NewsMore Items\n\n * SEE ALL FOOD NEWS\n * People in Food\n * Grocery Stores\n * New Products\n * Recalls\n * Restaurants\n * Trends\n * Health & WellnessMore Items\n\n * SEE ALL HEALTH & WELLNESS\n * Healthy Eating\n * Healthy Lifestyle Tips\n * Nutrition Tips\n * Holidays & EventsMore Items\n\n * SEE ALL HOLIDAYS & EVENTS\n * Christmas\n * Easter\n * Halloween\n * St. Patrick’s Day\n * Home & LivingMore Items\n\n * SEE ALL HOME & LIVING\n * Cleaning & Organizing\n * Entertaining & Hosting\n * Family & Parenting\n * Grocery Shopping\n * Home Decor\n * Outdoor Living\n * Travel\n * Stuff We Love\n * Test KitchenMore Items\n\n * SEE ALL TEST KITCHEN\n * Cooking Gear & Gadgets\n * How To\n * Meal Planning\n * Taste Tests\n * Test Kitchen Tips\n * Videos\n * Submit a Recipe\n * Newsletters\n * Follow UsMore Items\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Feedly\n * Subscribe\n * Shop\n * Subscription Box\n * Log In / Join\n * Recipe Box\n\n" } ]
67,905
How To Play Bass
To play bass, practice your plucking technique by alternating between your index and middle fingers using a consistent speed and rhythm. You can use a metronome to help you with timing and consistency. To create a warm, flat bass sound, pluck the strings closer to the neck, and for a percussive sound, pluck nearer to the bridge. Remember to mute the strings that aren’t being played by resting a finger on them for the clearest sound. Then, learn to play roots, higher and lower pitched octaves, fifths, and scales.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20130717110622/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/synthetic_bass_guitar_materials.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415022331/https://www.studybass.com/lessons/common-bass-patterns/roots-and-fifths/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20131124025059/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/how_many_bass_strings.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20130625044832/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/fretless_bass.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210306113452/https://www.studybass.com/lessons/bass-technique/holding-the-bass/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509164930/https://www.studybass.com/lessons/bass-technique/plucking/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201203004041/https://www.studybass.com/lessons/common-bass-patterns/octaves/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20130920051657/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/bass_scale.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20131108061218/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_amps/bass_amp_basics.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201031194503/http://www.studybass.com/lessons/rhythm/metronomes/" ]
train
2,148
[ { "original_url": "http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/synthetic_bass_guitar_materials.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20130717110622/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/synthetic_bass_guitar_materials.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Synthetic Bass Guitar Materials", "passages": [ "More recently, companies have begun using synthetic materials in the construction of bass guitars. Graphite has been popular for many years now. Companies like Zon Guitars and Modulus Guitars make excellent bass guitars using graphite. A newer material called Luthite is now being used by Ibanez Guitars.", "Where every piece of wood is slightly different, synthetic materials are very consistent. Most wood has dead spots somewhere in it and those dead spots can kill the tone of your bass. Using man-made materials solves this problem. Also, not using wood cuts down on the deforestation of the planet. Of course, who knows what the factories making the synthetic guitar material are bellowing out?", "online tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying guide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site" ] }, "parsed_md": "Synthetic Bass Guitar Materials\n\n# Synthetic Bass Guitar Materials\n\nprev bass buying guide : parts of the bass guitar : synthetic bass guitar\nmaterials\n\nMore recently, companies have begun using synthetic materials in the\nconstruction of bass guitars. Graphite has been popular for many years now.\nCompanies like Zon Guitars and Modulus Guitars make excellent bass guitars\nusing graphite. A newer material called Luthite is now being used by Ibanez\nGuitars.\n\nWhere every piece of wood is slightly different, synthetic materials are very\nconsistent. Most wood has dead spots somewhere in it and those dead spots can\nkill the tone of your bass. Using man-made materials solves this problem.\nAlso, not using wood cuts down on the deforestation of the planet. Of course,\nwho knows what the factories making the synthetic guitar material are\nbellowing out?\n\nnext\n\n© www.TuneMyBass.com 2004-2013 All Rights Reserved. terms of service - privacy\npolicy\n\n### Get my app ClefTutor!\n\nFor iPhone and iPad...\n\nClefTutor for Android...\n\nTuneMyBass.com :: technical help for bass players ...\n\nonline tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying\nguide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.studybass.com/lessons/common-bass-patterns/roots-and-fifths/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415022331/https://www.studybass.com/lessons/common-bass-patterns/roots-and-fifths/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Roots and Fifths", "passages": [ "The root and fifth pattern is one of the most common note patterns used by bass players. When a guitarist or keyboardist plays a chord, he or she is playing several notes at the same time — usually 3 or more different notes. Two of the notes which form each chord are called a root and a fifth. The root and fifth of the chord are the most supportive sounding notes a bassist can play beneath a chord. We are just adding one more note to the root note you learned about in the roots lesson.", "Roots and fifths are conveniently the same pattern for almost every chord. It doesn't matter if it's a major chord, minor chord, or a power chord. You can apply this pattern pretty broadly when creating basslines. If you know the root note to play, you can use the fifth, too. It almost always works.", "I don't want to get into the details of this too deeply in this lesson. The short answer is the notes of scales and chords are assigned specific numbers. The fifth is simply the fifth note of the scale from which it comes. In future lessons we will cover this more thoroughly.", "The root-fifth pattern is pretty easy to remember on the bass fretboard and it's not too hard to play. Just like the octave pattern, the root-fifth pattern is the same shape all over the neck of the bass. Remember when we say above/below and up/down, we are talking about pitch, not physical space. The fifth above any root note is always on the next higher string, two frets higher.", "When you combine the octaves of the root notes and the octaves of the fifths, you have a lot you can play with for nearly any chord.", "Study the diagram which includes the octaves. Notice for any root note there is a fifth a string below. Notice how the 5ths are octaves of each other.", "You will be playing roots and fifths a lot regardless of style. It's good to develop a consistent fingering and learn to play the patterns cleanly. When you play these patterns by themselves, use your 1st finger on the root and play the higher 5th with your 3rd finger. You can still use either the 3rd or 4th finger on the higher octave of the root.", "You will quickly notice that roots and fifths are the most common bass note pattern after just roots by themselves. If roots and fifths aren't being used all by themselves in a bassline, a lot of the time they anchor more complex basslines. The reason roots and 5ths are used so often is because they consistently sound good, they fulfill the bassist's supportive responsibility, and they're not too hard to play.", "You'll most easily recognize root-fifth basslines in styles like country, polkas, tejano, and tuba basslines. Those are just very obvious uses. Don't think for a minute that these are the only uses of roots and fifths. They are absolutely everywhere in every style from Classical music to metal. The root and fifth pattern is critical to bass playing. You must have a thorough grasp of these patterns regardless of what you intend to play.", "mode_comment\"Man since I have been studying your course it has made a huge impact on my playing. I have spent hundreds of dollars on bass guitar programs but I have never seen anything that can compare to the bass lessons that you have written.\" — Daniel C., StudyBasser", "This website requires the use of cookies. To continue using the site, please review and accept the cookie policy, privacy policy and terms of service." ] }, "parsed_md": "Roots and Fifths | StudyBass\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n * Tools\n * Gear\n * Says...\n * Support\n * Login\n\nclose\n\n#### My StudyBass\n\nStudy Guide > StudyBass Fundamentals One > Common Bass Patterns > Roots and\nFifths\n\n# Roots and Fifths\n\nchevron_leftLast Lesson fitness_center Exercises queue_music Songs Next\nLessonchevron_right\n\n### What Are Roots and Fifths?\n\nThe root and fifth pattern is one of the most common note patterns used by\nbass players. When a guitarist or keyboardist plays a chord, he or she is\nplaying several notes at the same time — usually 3 or more different notes.\nTwo of the notes which form each chord are called a root and a fifth. The root\nand fifth of the chord are the most supportive sounding notes a bassist can\nplay beneath a chord. We are just adding one more note to the root note you\nlearned about in the roots lesson.\n\nRoots and fifths are conveniently the same pattern for almost every chord. It\ndoesn't matter if it's a major chord, minor chord, or a power chord. You can\napply this pattern pretty broadly when creating basslines. If you know the\nroot note to play, you can use the fifth, too. It almost always works.\n\n### Why is It Called a Fifth?\n\nI don't want to get into the details of this too deeply in this lesson. The\nshort answer is the notes of scales and chords are assigned specific numbers.\nThe fifth is simply the fifth note of the scale from which it comes. In future\nlessons we will cover this more thoroughly.\n\n### Playing Roots and Fifths on the Bass\n\nThe root-fifth pattern is pretty easy to remember on the bass fretboard and\nit's not too hard to play. Just like the octave pattern, the root-fifth\npattern is the same shape all over the neck of the bass. Remember when we say\nabove/below and up/down, we are talking about pitch, not physical space. The\nfifth above any root note is always on the next higher string, two frets\nhigher.\n\nThe fifth below any root note is always on the next lower string, on the same\nfret.\n\nWhen you combine the octaves of the root notes and the octaves of the fifths,\nyou have a lot you can play with for nearly any chord.\n\nStudy the diagram which includes the octaves. Notice for any root note there\nis a fifth a string below. Notice how the 5ths are octaves of each other.\n\n### Fingering Roots and Fifths on Bass\n\nYou will be playing roots and fifths a lot regardless of style. It's good to\ndevelop a consistent fingering and learn to play the patterns cleanly. When\nyou play these patterns by themselves, use your 1st finger on the root and\nplay the higher 5th with your 3rd finger. You can still use either the 3rd or\n4th finger on the higher octave of the root.\n\nWhen playing the lower 5th, always use the same finger you used on the root\nnote.\n\n### The Use of Roots and Fifths in Bass Playing\n\nYou will quickly notice that roots and fifths are the most common bass note\npattern after just roots by themselves. If roots and fifths aren't being used\nall by themselves in a bassline, a lot of the time they anchor more complex\nbasslines. The reason roots and 5ths are used so often is because they\nconsistently sound good, they fulfill the bassist's supportive responsibility,\nand they're not too hard to play.\n\nYou'll most easily recognize root-fifth basslines in styles like country,\npolkas, tejano, and tuba basslines. Those are just very obvious uses. Don't\nthink for a minute that these are the only uses of roots and fifths. They are\nabsolutely everywhere in every style from Classical music to metal. The root\nand fifth pattern is critical to bass playing. You must have a thorough grasp\nof these patterns regardless of what you intend to play.\n\n### The Sound of Roots and Fifths\n\nTry to get the sound of roots and fifths in your head. They are everywhere.\n\nSome common root-5th sounds are:\n\n * the piano bassline for the Linus and Lucy theme (root-5th-octave-root-5th-octave).\n * the first two notes of the Star Wars theme (root-5th)\n * Eine Kleine Nachtmusik by Mozart (root-lower 5th-root)\n\nHere are some exercises and basslines applying roots and 5ths.\n\nchevron_leftLast Lesson fitness_center Exercises queue_music Songs Next\nLessonchevron_right\n\nmode_comment\"Man since I have been studying your course it has made a huge\nimpact on my playing. I have spent hundreds of dollars on bass guitar programs\nbut I have never seen anything that can compare to the bass lessons that you\nhave written.\" — Daniel C., StudyBasser\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n * Tools\n * Gear\n * Says... a Blog\n * Support\n * Using the Site\n * Help\n * Feedback\n * Dedication\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * brightness_6 Dark Mode\n\n© 2003 - 2021 Leading Tone Media, LLC - all rights reserved\n\nThis website requires the use of cookies. To continue using the site, please\nreview and accept the cookie policy, privacy policy and terms of service.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/how_many_bass_strings.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20131124025059/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/how_many_bass_strings.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Choosing a 4-, 5-, or 6-String Bass", "passages": [ "The first electric basses to be produced came with 4 strings. For many years that’s all there was and that’s all people felt they needed. A lot of music has been played on 4-strings.", "The reason for having more strings is to add more range to the bass. More range means being able to play more lower pitched notes and/or higher pitched notes. Also, the more strings you have under your fingers, the more notes you have under your fingers. With more strings you don’t have to shift around the neck of the bass as much.", "The popularity of 5- and 6-string basses exploded in the 80’s. A couple of things caused this to happen. First, bassists in the 80’s were competing with electronic keyboards. Many bassists were being replaced by computers and keyboards because they could play lower bass notes than a standard 4-string bass. To compensate, some bassists began playing 5-string basses that added 5 lower-pitched notes to their arsenal.", "Secondly, a number of amazing bass players in the 70’s took the electric bass to new heights. Bassists like Stanley Clarke, Jaco Pastorius and Jeff Berlin showed the world electric bass players could really solo and play a melodic role, too. With this new frontier for bass players opened up, bassists wanted more range to play solos in. By adding another string, a 6^th string, on the high end of the bass, bassists could reach higher notes more comfortably.", "There is definitely more to control and keep track of as you add more strings. Beginners don’t often realize there is a lot of work in keeping the bass strings quiet in addition to getting the notes to ring out. The more strings there are, the more there is to keep quiet.", "Also, the strings get closer together making some playing styles (e.g. slap bass) a little trickier. You have to be more accurate. And, the neck gets wider. That means more reaching and stretching on the neck of the bass. Regardless of what you choose, there’s going to be work and practice involved. And, you can always switch later on. It’s not that hard to go from one to another.", "The 4-string bass has been around the longest and a lot of music has been played on it. For most people a 4-string bass is adequate if not perfect for them. Why get more strings if you’re not going to use them?", "It is possible to tune a 4-string bass lower than its standard tuning and it is very common to do so. You can tune it lower by 2 or 3 notes if you need those lower pitches from time to time. Since it is not designed to be tuned that low, you might not get the best sound or playability by tuning a 4-string bass lower, but it is an option.", "For most styles you’ll probably be ok with a 4-string. If you’re into heavier music that’s popular today, you may want a 5-string bass where you can reach those lower notes without having to detune your bass.", "I think it’s better and easier for you to learn to play in a standard tuning with an extra string rather than some alternate tuning on a bass with fewer strings. If you need those low notes a lot, you should consider a 5-string.", "An alternative to getting a 5-string bass would be to get a 4-string bass and string it like the lowest 4 strings of a 5-string bass. Some manufacturers are designing basses like this now. It would be tuned BEAD, instead of the standard 4-string bass tuning EADG.", "If you are buying your first bass, you probably don’t want a 6-string bass. It’s overkill. And, in the beginning you should probably focus on playing the traditional role of the bass anyway. That means playing the lower notes more often. You can save the 6-string for your second or maybe third bass if you find you need one.", "online tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying guide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site" ] }, "parsed_md": "Choosing a 4-, 5-, or 6-String Bass\n\n# Choosing a 4-, 5-, or 6-String Bass\n\nbass buying guide : common bass buying questions : choosing a 4-, 5-, or\n6-string bass\n\nprev\n\n### Why are there different numbers of strings?\n\nBasses most often come in 4-, 5-, and 6-string models. Though, any number of\nstrings is possible.\n\nThe first electric basses to be produced came with 4 strings. For many years\nthat’s all there was and that’s all people felt they needed. A lot of music\nhas been played on 4-strings.\n\nThe reason for having more strings is to add more range to the bass. More\nrange means being able to play more lower pitched notes and/or higher pitched\nnotes. Also, the more strings you have under your fingers, the more notes you\nhave under your fingers. With more strings you don’t have to shift around the\nneck of the bass as much.\n\nThe popularity of 5- and 6-string basses exploded in the 80’s. A couple of\nthings caused this to happen. First, bassists in the 80’s were competing with\nelectronic keyboards. Many bassists were being replaced by computers and\nkeyboards because they could play lower bass notes than a standard 4-string\nbass. To compensate, some bassists began playing 5-string basses that added 5\nlower-pitched notes to their arsenal.\n\nSecondly, a number of amazing bass players in the 70’s took the electric bass\nto new heights. Bassists like Stanley Clarke, Jaco Pastorius and Jeff Berlin\nshowed the world electric bass players could really solo and play a melodic\nrole, too. With this new frontier for bass players opened up, bassists wanted\nmore range to play solos in. By adding another string, a 6^th string, on the\nhigh end of the bass, bassists could reach higher notes more comfortably.\n\n### Are more strings harder to play?\n\nThere is definitely more to control and keep track of as you add more strings.\nBeginners don’t often realize there is a lot of work in keeping the bass\nstrings quiet in addition to getting the notes to ring out. The more strings\nthere are, the more there is to keep quiet.\n\nAlso, the strings get closer together making some playing styles (e.g. slap\nbass) a little trickier. You have to be more accurate. And, the neck gets\nwider. That means more reaching and stretching on the neck of the bass.\nRegardless of what you choose, there’s going to be work and practice involved.\nAnd, you can always switch later on. It’s not that hard to go from one to\nanother.\n\n### How many strings should you get?\n\nThe 4-string bass has been around the longest and a lot of music has been\nplayed on it. For most people a 4-string bass is adequate if not perfect for\nthem. Why get more strings if you’re not going to use them?\n\nIt is possible to tune a 4-string bass lower than its standard tuning and it\nis very common to do so. You can tune it lower by 2 or 3 notes if you need\nthose lower pitches from time to time. Since it is not designed to be tuned\nthat low, you might not get the best sound or playability by tuning a 4-string\nbass lower, but it is an option.\n\nFor most styles you’ll probably be ok with a 4-string. If you’re into heavier\nmusic that’s popular today, you may want a 5-string bass where you can reach\nthose lower notes without having to detune your bass.\n\nI think it’s better and easier for you to learn to play in a standard tuning\nwith an extra string rather than some alternate tuning on a bass with fewer\nstrings. If you need those low notes a lot, you should consider a 5-string.\n\nAn alternative to getting a 5-string bass would be to get a 4-string bass and\nstring it like the lowest 4 strings of a 5-string bass. Some manufacturers are\ndesigning basses like this now. It would be tuned BEAD, instead of the\nstandard 4-string bass tuning EADG.\n\nIf you are buying your first bass, you probably don’t want a 6-string bass.\nIt’s overkill. And, in the beginning you should probably focus on playing the\ntraditional role of the bass anyway. That means playing the lower notes more\noften. You can save the 6-string for your second or maybe third bass if you\nfind you need one.\n\nnext back to the bass buying guide\n\n© www.TuneMyBass.com 2004-2013 All Rights Reserved. terms of service - privacy\npolicy\n\n### Get my app ClefTutor!\n\nFor iPhone and iPad...\n\nClefTutor for Android...\n\nTuneMyBass.com :: technical help for bass players ...\n\nonline tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying\nguide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/fretless_bass.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20130625044832/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/fretless_bass.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fretless Bass", "passages": [ "Frets are the metal wires up and down the neck of the bass beneath the bass strings. Their purpose is to accurately divide up the notes on each string when you press the string down. Without frets it is up to the player to accurately find and play the notes up and down each string making sure they are in tune.", "Playing fretless bass is at least a little more difficult than playing fretted bass. If you are buying your first bass, you probably don’t want a fretless bass unless you know for sure that’s the sound you’re after. It takes a good bit of extra practice to accurately play the notes on a fretless bass. When you miss the notes or play sloppily you can sound pretty bad. This can frustrate many students.", "If you do want to play fretless bass, consider that playing a fretted bass first can help you eventually play fretless bass better. By practicing for a while on fretted bass, you will learn to hear notes played accurately in-tune. Then, when you switch to fretless, you will be able to mentally hear the notes better before you play them. That is what is required to play the fretless bass in-tune—hearing what you want to play in your head first and then matching it.", "Some playing styles don’t work well on fretless bass. On a lot of fretless basses it is difficult to get a good slap bass tone. (Slap bass is a percussive style of bass playing done by slapping the strings.) Tapping is a bit more challenging. (Tapping is done by striking the strings against the fingerboard without plucking the string.) And playing chords (several notes at the same time) in-tune can be really tricky. None of it is impossible however.", "If you’ve been playing bass for a while and are considering if a fretless will be easy to learn, a good way to judge is how easily you are able to tune your bass. If tuning accurately by ear is a struggle, you can guess tuning every note you play will also be some work.", "The fretless bass has a different sound to it. It has a real warm singing quality to it. You can smoothly slide from note to note. Fretless bass has a lot of subtlety and nuance. Often you will hear the tone described with words like “mwah” or “growl”.", "Some amazing fretless bass players are Jaco Pastorius, Michael Manring, Mick Karn, Les Claypool, John Giblin and Percy Jones. Find some of their stuff to really hear the sound and possibilities of fretless bass. It’s really a beautiful sounding instrument which is well worth the extra practice. But, in my opinion, it’s probably not a great first bass choice for most beginning bassists.", "online tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying guide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site" ] }, "parsed_md": "Fretless Bass\n\n# Fretless Bass\n\nbass buying guide : common bass buying questions : fretless bass\n\nprev\n\n### What is a Fretless Bass?\n\nFrets are the metal wires up and down the neck of the bass beneath the bass\nstrings. Their purpose is to accurately divide up the notes on each string\nwhen you press the string down. Without frets it is up to the player to\naccurately find and play the notes up and down each string making sure they\nare in tune.\n\n### Do I Want Fretted or Fretless?\n\nPlaying fretless bass is at least a little more difficult than playing fretted\nbass. If you are buying your first bass, you probably don’t want a fretless\nbass unless you know for sure that’s the sound you’re after. It takes a good\nbit of extra practice to accurately play the notes on a fretless bass. When\nyou miss the notes or play sloppily you can sound pretty bad. This can\nfrustrate many students.\n\nIf you do want to play fretless bass, consider that playing a fretted bass\nfirst can help you eventually play fretless bass better. By practicing for a\nwhile on fretted bass, you will learn to hear notes played accurately in-tune.\nThen, when you switch to fretless, you will be able to mentally hear the notes\nbetter before you play them. That is what is required to play the fretless\nbass in-tune—hearing what you want to play in your head first and then\nmatching it.\n\nSome playing styles don’t work well on fretless bass. On a lot of fretless\nbasses it is difficult to get a good slap bass tone. (Slap bass is a\npercussive style of bass playing done by slapping the strings.) Tapping is a\nbit more challenging. (Tapping is done by striking the strings against the\nfingerboard without plucking the string.) And playing chords (several notes at\nthe same time) in-tune can be really tricky. None of it is impossible however.\n\nIf you’ve been playing bass for a while and are considering if a fretless will\nbe easy to learn, a good way to judge is how easily you are able to tune your\nbass. If tuning accurately by ear is a struggle, you can guess tuning every\nnote you play will also be some work.\n\n### Why Would You Want a Fretless Bass Anyway?\n\nThe fretless bass has a different sound to it. It has a real warm singing\nquality to it. You can smoothly slide from note to note. Fretless bass has a\nlot of subtlety and nuance. Often you will hear the tone described with words\nlike “mwah” or “growl”.\n\nSome amazing fretless bass players are Jaco Pastorius, Michael Manring, Mick\nKarn, Les Claypool, John Giblin and Percy Jones. Find some of their stuff to\nreally hear the sound and possibilities of fretless bass. It’s really a\nbeautiful sounding instrument which is well worth the extra practice. But, in\nmy opinion, it’s probably not a great first bass choice for most beginning\nbassists.\n\nnext back to the bass buying guide\n\n© www.TuneMyBass.com 2004-2013 All Rights Reserved. terms of service - privacy\npolicy\n\n### Get my app ClefTutor!\n\nFor iPhone and iPad...\n\nClefTutor for Android...\n\nTuneMyBass.com :: technical help for bass players ...\n\nonline tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying\nguide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.studybass.com/lessons/bass-technique/holding-the-bass/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210306113452/https://www.studybass.com/lessons/bass-technique/holding-the-bass/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Holding the Bass", "passages": [ "How you hold and support your bass guitar is very important and should not be over-looked. Poorly holding your bass will negatively influence all other bass technique, slow your learning, and you may even injure yourself.", "You should use a guitar strap 100% of the time when you play your bass. The strap is an essential part of your bass technique. The strap holds and balances the bass for you. Your hands shouldn’t be doing much, if any, of the bass holding or balancing. Your hands need to be free to play. I can't emphasize enough that you should always be using a strap!", "Another reason for using a strap is that it keeps your bass in a consistent position. Consistency and accuracy make learning go much faster, and the strap makes that happen.", "Purchase a very comfortable strap. You, your back, and your shoulders will be glad you did. A wider strap distributes weight better across your shoulder. Check my current recommendations in the StudyBass shop pages on what to get.", "The angle and height at which you hold your bass makes a world of difference in your playing. It decides the positioning of your hands, the access to notes on the fretboard, stamina and fatigue, and can cause or prevent common musician injuries.", "Many bass students make the mistake of positioning their bass too horizontally. When you do that, it puts the notes we most often play—the low ones—farther out of reach. That means your fretting hand arm has to stretch out most of the time you play. That's needlessly tiring on long gigs and practice sessions.", "When your bass is horizontal, it also forces your wrists to bend more sharply. This is one of many contributing factors to hand injuries like Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.", "Be careful learning your positioning habits from guitar players. They play shorter instruments, and—depending on the style—they spend more time in different parts of the fretboard than we bass players do.", "The solution for HBS is to angle or slant your bass. Angling your bass solves all of the above problems.", "Experiment with the angle at which you hold your bass. Then, adjust the height of your bass with your strap so that both of your arms hang in a relaxed position.", "For most people, the body of the bass will land between their chest and hips. And, the headstock of the bass will be between shoulder and eye level.", "Everyone is a bit different. Experiment. There is some leeway. I suggest NOT having it too low. I know it looks cooler, but your legs will knock it around and your posture will suffer. Eventually people will think it’s cool how well you play bass.", "Also, try to adjust your bass so that it sits in nearly the same position whether you are sitting or standing. If you sit while practicing and stand while playing, this will help you play just like you practice. Being consistent is a big part of learning to play bass well.", "Students sit much of the time when they practice. I really encourage you to practice while standing as well as while sitting. You're most likely to perform standing up. I've had several students in the past really thrown off by needing to stand at their first gig. Playing felt completely different and it didn't go well.", "While sitting feels comfortable, it causes a few problems. Sitting forces your bass into a different position compared to when you're standing. Remember, consistency makes learning go faster.", "Since your leg is higher when sitting, it pushes your bass higher or to the side. And, you'll probably hold your bass more horizontally introducing all of the HBS problems above.", "There are some other more ergonomic chairs out there. I really like the kneeling Balans chair. It keeps your back straight and your leg out of the way. There are some really nice \"dynamic sitting\" chairs out there, but they can get expensive. You might be better off sitting on a stack of 1000 one- dollar bills!", "Your mother was right — sit and stand tall. You shouldn't be leaning back in a chair or hunching over as you play.", "There's no consensus on what perfect posture is, but there are a lot of common suggestions. I suggest you explore posture a lot. It really makes a difference, not on just how you look, but on how you feel and perform in everyday life.", "A good example is breathing. If you slump over, you compress your lungs and limit your oxygen intake. Your brain and muscles—which you use for playing and learning—need oxygen!", "Posture also affects your mood (there are even links to depression), joint health, circulation, and all sorts of other internal affairs of the body. Posture is mostly a matter of awareness. Don't ignore it. Work on it.", "Alexander Technique® - A system of how to use the body correctly. It is used by many actors, dancers and musicians.", "Feldenkrais - Similar to Alexander technique, but more abstract. It has more to do with body awareness than instruction on what to fix.", "Just as your bass needs to be setup properly, so do you. Don't underestimate the importance of how you hold the bass guitar and your posture. It's all connected. Ultimately, you are the instrument we're trying to develop.", "Here are some photos of how some of the many great bass players hold their basses. [Note: Only links to photos used to avoid any personality rights issues.]", "One of the founders of rock bass, Jack Bruce keeps his bass a bit lower, but maintains a good angle.", "One of the most influential bassists of all-time, James Jamerson can be seen here sitting on a stool with his leg out of the way.", "An incredible player demonstrating great playing posture! Notice the angle and height of his bass. He's standing up straight with his shoulders level.", "Larry Graham, one of the funkiest players ever, is a tall man. Here his bass hangs near his waist and his headstock is below his shoulder.", "Rock players often have their basses lower and more horizontal. Well, no one can tell Geddy Lee—one of the best bass players ever—that he's doing anything wrong.", "Another master of the bass, Chris Squire. Body just above the waist, headstock at shoulder height. Boots optional. (You'd wear them if that was the key to playing!)", "John Entwistle, another founding father of rock bass, here has his bass about waist height with the headstock just above his shoulders.", "Check out how your favorite players hold their basses. Watch videos. See how they move with them, stand with them and their posture.", "mode_comment\"Hi Andrew, I love your lessons. I have played fingerstyle and other forms of guitar since 1968 but I’m new to bass and am learning new things everyday. StudyBass is a real delight and you should be very proud of what you have created.\" — John C., StudyBasser", "This website requires the use of cookies. To continue using the site, please review and accept the cookie policy, privacy policy and terms of service." ] }, "parsed_md": "Holding the Bass | StudyBass\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n * Tools\n * Gear\n * Says...\n * Support\n * Login\n\nclose\n\n#### My StudyBass\n\nStudy Guide > StudyBass Fundamentals One > Basic Bass Technique > Holding the\nBass\n\n# Holding the Bass\n\nchevron_leftLast Lesson Next Lessonchevron_right\n\nHow you hold and support your bass guitar is very important and should not be\nover-looked. Poorly holding your bass will negatively influence all other bass\ntechnique, slow your learning, and you may even injure yourself.\n\n### Strap In\n\nYou should use a guitar strap 100% of the time when you play your bass. The\nstrap is an essential part of your bass technique. The strap holds and\nbalances the bass for you. Your hands shouldn’t be doing much, if any, of the\nbass holding or balancing. Your hands need to be free to play. I can't\nemphasize enough that you should always be using a strap!\n\nAnother reason for using a strap is that it keeps your bass in a consistent\nposition. Consistency and accuracy make learning go much faster, and the strap\nmakes that happen.\n\nPurchase a very comfortable strap. You, your back, and your shoulders will be\nglad you did. A wider strap distributes weight better across your shoulder.\nCheck my current recommendations in the StudyBass shop pages on what to get.\n\nLet's talk about adjusting your strap...\n\n### Bass Angle & Height\n\nThe angle and height at which you hold your bass makes a world of difference\nin your playing. It decides the positioning of your hands, the access to notes\non the fretboard, stamina and fatigue, and can cause or prevent common\nmusician injuries.\n\n#### Horizontal Bass Syndrome (HBS)\n\nMany bass students make the mistake of positioning their bass too\nhorizontally. When you do that, it puts the notes we most often play—the low\nones—farther out of reach. That means your fretting hand arm has to stretch\nout most of the time you play. That's needlessly tiring on long gigs and\npractice sessions.\n\nIt also makes the lower strings harder to reach. Your finger access to notes\nbecomes even more limited.\n\nYou will see in an upcoming lesson that it will be hard to position your thumb\nproperly.\n\nWhen your bass is horizontal, it also forces your wrists to bend more sharply.\nThis is one of many contributing factors to hand injuries like Carpal Tunnel\nSyndrome.\n\nBe careful learning your positioning habits from guitar players. They play\nshorter instruments, and—depending on the style—they spend more time in\ndifferent parts of the fretboard than we bass players do.\n\n#### Slant Your Bass\n\nThe solution for HBS is to angle or slant your bass. Angling your bass solves\nall of the above problems.\n\nBoth of your wrists will straighten.\n\nIt brings both of your arms in closer to your body where they can relax more.\n\nYour fingers have better access to the strings and to the entire range of the\nfretboard.\n\nYour thumb will be positioned better on the back of the neck.\n\n#### Adjust the Angle, Adjust the Height\n\nExperiment with the angle at which you hold your bass. Then, adjust the height\nof your bass with your strap so that both of your arms hang in a relaxed\nposition.\n\nFor most people, the body of the bass will land between their chest and hips.\nAnd, the headstock of the bass will be between shoulder and eye level.\n\nEveryone is a bit different. Experiment. There is some leeway. I suggest NOT\nhaving it too low. I know it looks cooler, but your legs will knock it around\nand your posture will suffer. Eventually people will think it’s cool how well\nyou play bass.\n\nAlso, try to adjust your bass so that it sits in nearly the same position\nwhether you are sitting or standing. If you sit while practicing and stand\nwhile playing, this will help you play just like you practice. Being\nconsistent is a big part of learning to play bass well.\n\n### Sitting with Your Bass\n\nStudents sit much of the time when they practice. I really encourage you to\npractice while standing as well as while sitting. You're most likely to\nperform standing up. I've had several students in the past really thrown off\nby needing to stand at their first gig. Playing felt completely different and\nit didn't go well.\n\nMake it a goal to spend half of your practice sessions playing while standing.\nYou've been warned!\n\n#### Choose a Good Chair\n\nYou'll need a chair without arms which get in the way of your bass.\n\n#### The Problem of Playing Sitting Down\n\nWhile sitting feels comfortable, it causes a few problems. Sitting forces your\nbass into a different position compared to when you're standing. Remember,\nconsistency makes learning go faster.\n\nSince your leg is higher when sitting, it pushes your bass higher or to the\nside. And, you'll probably hold your bass more horizontally introducing all of\nthe HBS problems above.\n\nHonestly, I suggest you get a stool or taller chair where you can perch on its\nedge.\n\nThere are some other more ergonomic chairs out there. I really like the\nkneeling Balans chair. It keeps your back straight and your leg out of the\nway. There are some really nice \"dynamic sitting\" chairs out there, but they\ncan get expensive. You might be better off sitting on a stack of 1000 one-\ndollar bills!\n\n### Posture\n\nYour mother was right — sit and stand tall. You shouldn't be leaning back in a\nchair or hunching over as you play.\n\nPosture is something with which most of us have issues. It's easy to get into\nbad postural habits.\n\nThere's no consensus on what perfect posture is, but there are a lot of common\nsuggestions. I suggest you explore posture a lot. It really makes a\ndifference, not on just how you look, but on how you feel and perform in\neveryday life.\n\nA good example is breathing. If you slump over, you compress your lungs and\nlimit your oxygen intake. Your brain and muscles—which you use for playing and\nlearning—need oxygen!\n\nPosture also affects your mood (there are even links to depression), joint\nhealth, circulation, and all sorts of other internal affairs of the body.\nPosture is mostly a matter of awareness. Don't ignore it. Work on it.\n\nHere are a few links to explore:\n\nAmerican Physical Therapists Association - Posture (PDF)\n\nAlexander Technique® - A system of how to use the body correctly. It is used\nby many actors, dancers and musicians.\n\nFeldenkrais - Similar to Alexander technique, but more abstract. It has more\nto do with body awareness than instruction on what to fix.\n\nThere are many new bio-mechanic systems and philosophies being devised. Keep\nexploring!\n\n### You Are the Instrument\n\nJust as your bass needs to be setup properly, so do you. Don't underestimate\nthe importance of how you hold the bass guitar and your posture. It's all\nconnected. Ultimately, you are the instrument we're trying to develop.\n\nLet's look at what some of the masters do.\n\n## Great Bass Players Holding the Bass\n\nHere are some photos of how some of the many great bass players hold their\nbasses. [Note: Only links to photos used to avoid any personality rights\nissues.]\n\n### Jaco Pastorius (Weather Report)\n\nOne of the greatest players of all-time, Jaco angles his bass well with the\nbass body about waist-level.\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\n### Jack Bruce (Cream)\n\nOne of the founders of rock bass, Jack Bruce keeps his bass a bit lower, but\nmaintains a good angle.\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\n### James Jamerson (Motown Studio Bassist)\n\nOne of the most influential bassists of all-time, James Jamerson can be seen\nhere sitting on a stool with his leg out of the way.\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\n### Mike Porcaro (Toto)\n\nAn incredible player demonstrating great playing posture! Notice the angle and\nheight of his bass. He's standing up straight with his shoulders level.\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\n### Larry Graham (Sly and the Family Stone, Graham Central Station)\n\nLarry Graham, one of the funkiest players ever, is a tall man. Here his bass\nhangs near his waist and his headstock is below his shoulder.\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\n### Geddy Lee (Rush)\n\nRock players often have their basses lower and more horizontal. Well, no one\ncan tell Geddy Lee—one of the best bass players ever—that he's doing anything\nwrong.\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\n### Chris Squire (Yes)\n\nAnother master of the bass, Chris Squire. Body just above the waist, headstock\nat shoulder height. Boots optional. (You'd wear them if that was the key to\nplaying!)\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\n### John Entwistle (The Who)\n\nJohn Entwistle, another founding father of rock bass, here has his bass about\nwaist height with the headstock just above his shoulders.\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\n### Esperanza Spalding\n\nThe great Esperanza Spalding has her bass about waist height with the\nheadstock above her shoulders.\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\n### Victor Wooten (Bela Fleck)\n\nVictor Wooten shows a great example of sitting on a stool with his leg out of\nthe way.\n\nPhoto Link (New Tab)\n\nCheck out how your favorite players hold their basses. Watch videos. See how\nthey move with them, stand with them and their posture.\n\nchevron_leftLast Lesson Next Lessonchevron_right\n\nmode_comment\"Hi Andrew, I love your lessons. I have played fingerstyle and\nother forms of guitar since 1968 but I’m new to bass and am learning new\nthings everyday. StudyBass is a real delight and you should be very proud of\nwhat you have created.\" — John C., StudyBasser\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n * Tools\n * Gear\n * Says... a Blog\n * Support\n * Using the Site\n * Help\n * Feedback\n * Dedication\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * brightness_6 Dark Mode\n\n© 2003 - 2021 Leading Tone Media, LLC - all rights reserved\n\nThis website requires the use of cookies. To continue using the site, please\nreview and accept the cookie policy, privacy policy and terms of service.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.studybass.com/lessons/bass-technique/plucking/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509164930/https://www.studybass.com/lessons/bass-technique/plucking/", "parsed_text": { "title": "StudyBass", "passages": [ "An octave is the same note at a higher or lower pitch. You'll recall from the musical alphabet lesson there are only 12 notes in music. That same cycle of 12 notes is repeated over and over in what are called different octaves. That means there are multiple 'A' notes, multiple 'Bb' notes, and so on. Each one is just a higher-, or lower-pitched version of the others.", "The idea of octaves can be confusing at first. How can it be the same note when it sounds different? The simplest answer is octaves ring similarly. If you play them at the same time, you will hear how they sound very consonant with one another. The more technical answer (feel free to skip this) is the octave of a note is either half or double the frequency of the note. The note 'A' rings at 440Hz; 'A' an octave lower rings at 220Hz; an 'A' an octave higher rings at 880Hz.", "The most common way bassists play octaves on the bass is: from any one note the higher octave can be played two strings up and two frets over. This octave pattern exists on any fret of any string of the bass so long as you don't run out of strings.", "This pattern also works for open strings. You can see the octaves of open E and open A in the interactive fretboard diagram.", "Sticking to the one-finger-per-fret rule would mean you play the low note with finger 1 and the higher octave with finger 3. You should be able to do this. It's also okay to break the one-finger-per-fret \"rule\" and play with your 1st and 4th fingers. This is more comfortable and makes it easier when you are playing a lot of octaves. Practice it both ways.", "When you play and practice octaves, don't let them ring together at the same time. Instead, use a see-saw rocking motion to play the octave notes individually where only one note is ringing at a time. It's not that you can never play octaves at the same time. It's common to do so. But, playing them independently takes a little more work and is more common.", "Remember, octaves aren't a finger pattern, but a pattern of sound. There are many more ways to play octaves on the bass. You can play the octave of any note 12 frets higher on the same string. You can also play a higher octave of a note 7 frets higher on the next string as shown in the Open D-string example.", "The use of octaves in basslines is very popular. A lot of times a bassist needs to keep the notes simple. For instance, a bassline might only call for root notes. To add some variety without adding more notes to the mix, we could add in octaves of those root notes.", "You will find that octaves are used in all styles of bass playing and styles of music. Some of the most obvious places you can hear octaves are in slap basslines and in disco basslines. But, as I said, octaves are used in everything under the sun.", "As you start learning different note patterns on bass and in music in general, you should try to absorb the sound of the pattern. You want to learn to recognize these sounds when you hear them. This takes time. A good first step is to relate it to something familiar like a well-known melody or bassline. Learn to sing or hum the pattern.", "mode_comment\"Hi Andrew, first I'd like to say a huge thank you, I've played bass for over thirty years but never understood anything about music! Just used my ears! So this is great, I love the eloquent explanations, and I'm kinda getting stuff that I never got before, so fantastic so far.\" — Martyn O., StudyBasser", "This website requires the use of cookies. To continue using the site, please review and accept the cookie policy, privacy policy and terms of service." ] }, "parsed_md": "Plucking | StudyBass\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n * Tools\n * Gear\n * Says...\n * Support\n * Login\n\nclose\n\n#### My StudyBass\n\nStudy Guide > StudyBass Fundamentals One > Basic Bass Technique > Plucking\n\n# Plucking\n\nchevron_leftLast Lesson fitness_center Exercises Next Lessonchevron_right\n\n### About the Plucking Technique Lesson\n\nThis is just one perspective on how to pluck the strings of the bass. As I\npointed out in my article about bass technique, there is not one right way.\nBut, there are better and worse ways. As a student of the bass you should seek\nas many perspectives as you can find. There are as many ways as there are\nplayers. Experiment with your own ideas, too. What follows is a combination of\nwhat I've learned from others and things I've discovered on my own.\n\nI will explain the reasoning behind all the technique I show here. The reason\nis almost always that it sounds better. You should judge this for yourself.\nAnother common reason for these techniques is it is more efficient and will be\neasier in the long run.\n\n### Finger Numbering\n\nUnlike on piano and some other instruments which number your thumb, for bass\nyour fingers are numbered:\n\n * T = thumb\n * 1 = index finger\n * 2 = middle finger\n * 3 = ring finger\n * 4 = pinky finger\n\n### Fingernails\n\nYou will need to keep your fingernails trimmed short to avoid your nail\ncatching the string. (Unless, of course, you like the sound of it.)\n\n### Relax Your Hand\n\nLet your plucking hand hang limp. This is the natural shape of your hand. Keep\nyour hand in that loose, relaxed shape as much as you can. There's no need for\ntension.\n\n### Alternating Fingers\n\nTo develop plucking speed and efficiency, it is important that you use at\nleast two fingers to pluck. Most people use their index (1) and middle (2)\nfingers and alternate them.\n\nUsing two fingers is half the work for each finger. Always do as little work\nas possible. Using two fingers is sufficient for most playing styles.\n\nWork on consistently alternating your fingers 1-2-1-2 (or 2-1-2-1). It doesn't\nmatter on which finger you start. It might be a good idea to be able to start\non either one. Just don't use one finger for a while, then the other, or one\nfinger by itself. It might seem easier in the beginning to use one finger, but\nyou will quickly hit a ceiling and you will have learned a very hard habit to\nbreak.\n\n### Where to Pluck\n\nYou will discover the bass guitar has a wide range of tones depending on\nwhere, along the string, you pluck. Plucking nearer to the neck offers a\nfatter, warmer tone. Plucking nearer to the bridge of the bass provides a\nbrighter, more percussive tone.\n\nAs you develop, you will become more comfortable with moving your plucking\nhand around to access these different tones. In the beginning, I recommend\nfinding one place and staying there while you develop other, more important\nplucking habits.\n\n### How Hard to Pluck the Strings\n\nYou might imagine, when you hear a live show or listen to some more aggressive\nstyles of music, that players are digging in and plucking really hard. They're\nnot.\n\nYou don't need to pluck the strings very hard. In fact, when you do, it causes\nall sorts of bad things to happen like:\n\n * It can make you sound out-of-tune\n * Causes strings to buzz\n * Slows you down\n * It's tiresome\n * Forceful repetition leads to hand injuries\n\nUse an amp. It takes a light, small sound from your fingers and bass and\ntranslates it into a big sound. Think of your fingers like a spark and your\namp and the sound system like gasoline.\n\nIf you don't have an amp, get one. It's very easy to learn the bad habit of\nplucking too hard by playing without an amp. You will plucker harder trying to\nhear yourself.\n\nLet your amp do the work. Your fingers aren't amplifiers! Developing a light\ntouch is a very important part of developing speed and accuracy.\n\n### Positioning Your Thumb\n\nPlace your thumb on the face (not on top) of your pickup closest to the neck.\nLet your thumb linger just above the E-string. You will see why shortly.\n\nOn most bass guitars this should put your plucking fingers in a central\nposition between the neck and the bridge. You should get a good, all-purpose\ntone from your bass in this area.\n\n### Muting the Strings\n\nPlaying the bass requires about as much work keeping the strings quiet as it\ndoes getting the notes to ring out. Most of the time you only want one string\nringing at a time. That means on a 4-string bass you have 3 strings to keep\nquiet. You can't just let open strings ring freely in the background. This\nwill muddy up your sound and often create some unwanted dissonance. You should\nstrive to have control over every sound that comes out of your bass. This\nrequires you to develop a solid string muting strategy.\n\nYou will learn that both hands play a part in muting the strings. The plucking\nhand will mute any strings below the one you are playing. The fretting hand\nwill mute any strings above the one you are playing. In the next lesson we'll\nthoroughly cover muting in the fretting hand.\n\n### Muting with the Thumb\n\nYour thumb will be sliding down to help mute the E-string whenever it is not\nbeing played. To be efficient, you will want your thumb as close to the\nE-string as possible. That's why you want to keep your thumb on the face of\nthe pickup. It will be much easier to slide your thumb down to mute the\nstring. If you're on top, your thumb has to hop.\n\nYou only need to lightly touch the E-string to mute it. No need to waste\nenergy pushing on the E-string.\n\n### Plucking Motion\n\nWhen you pluck the string your finger should roll over the top over the\nstring. Most beginners and converting guitar players have the tendency to pull\nout away from the strings. This results in a very thin, scratchy tone. You\nwill get a meatier, bassier tone by rolling over the string. It is much like\nthe stroke of a paintbrush. Your plucking finger should follow through towards\nyour palm, or to rest on the next string below the one you are plucking.\n\n### Follow-Through Muting\n\nAfter plucking a string, follow-through with your plucking motion letting your\nplucking finger come to rest on the string below. Letting your finger rest on\nthe string below mutes that string. As you pluck using alternating fingers,\none finger is plucking while the other one is muting. This is essential to\nkeeping the strings quiet. Use this same motion for plucking on each string.\n\n### Yet More Muting...\n\nAs you ascend the strings (going from the fattest string to the skinniest) or\nskip strings, you will find you can't mute them all with these techniques\nalone.\n\nThere are a few solutions I show students. Let's look at them.\n\n### Ring Finger Muting\n\nThe technique I prefer for 4-string players uses your ring finger (3) to mute\nthe A-string whenever you are plucking on the G-string. This is the only time\nyou'll need it on a 4-string bass. Your ring finger (3) just needs to lightly\ntouch the A-string to keep it from ringing. Placing your ring finger on the\nA-string every time you switch to pluck the G-string may seem awkward at\nfirst. With practice the motion will become automatic.\n\nWhen you are plucking the G-string the muting will be as follows:\n\n * E-string is always muted with the thumb (T)\n * A-string is muted with follow-through plucking when plucking the D-string, or with the ring finger (3) when playing the G-string\n * D-string is muted with plucking fingers (1 or 2) landing on the D-string\n\n### Wandering Thumb Muting\n\nAnother popular way of muting the bass strings is what I call the Wandering\nThumb Method. Instead of leaving your thumb on the E-string, your thumb moves\nup the strings muting them. This is very useful to develop especially if you\nplay, or plan to play, 5-string or 6-string bass.\n\nEither string muting method is effective. You will have to decide which you\nprefer and stick with it. If you are just starting or trying to change some\nold habits, it will be strange and frustrating no matter what. Practice slowly\nand accurately. It will come.\n\nWhen plucking the G-string with this method the muting will be as follows:\n\n * E-string is muted with thumb (T)\n * A-string is muted with thumb (T)\n * D-string is muted with plucking fingers (1 or 2) landing on the D-string\n\n### Floating Thumb Muting Technique\n\nSimilar to Wandering Thumb, Floating Thumb Muting has you glide the side of\nyour thumb across the tops of the strings rather than in-between. Since this\nallows you to mute many strings at once, it is ideal for you 5- and 6-string\n(+) players.\n\nWhen you have more strings, anchoring your thumb causes your hand to have to\nreach too far for those high-pitched strings. Keeping your thumb in a natural,\nrelaxed position and using it to gently rest on the tops of the strings is\nmuch easier and cleaner.\n\n### Bass Plucking Exercises\n\nNow that you have an idea of what to do, you need something to practice!\nFollow the link below for bass plucking exercises which work on these basic\ntechniques.\n\nRemember to play slowly and accurately. Don't rush through this stuff. You use\nit in everything you play! You are practicing every song you will ever play.\n\nbass plucking exercises\n\nchevron_leftLast Lesson fitness_center Exercises Next Lessonchevron_right\n\nmode_comment\"Just wanted to say thanks for putting this resource together I've\njust completed the common pattern sections and now I'm aware of what I need to\nbe practicing its really nice having a clear direction. Now I know all the\ncommon symbols you might see on a stave. I now know I need to be practicing\nkeeping time and sightreading as well as creating bass lines with the help of\nthe common patterns. I've had the drive to learn music for ages, I finally\nfeel like I'm getting somewhere.\" — Joshua H., StudyBasser\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n * Tools\n * Gear\n * Says... a Blog\n * Support\n * Using the Site\n * Help\n * Feedback\n * Dedication\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * brightness_6 Dark Mode\n\n© 2003 - 2021 Leading Tone Media, LLC - all rights reserved\n\nThis website requires the use of cookies. To continue using the site, please\nreview and accept the cookie policy, privacy policy and terms of service.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.studybass.com/lessons/common-bass-patterns/octaves/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201203004041/https://www.studybass.com/lessons/common-bass-patterns/octaves/", "parsed_text": { "title": "What Scale Bass Do I Want?", "passages": [ "The scale of a bass refers to how long the bass is from the bridge to the nut – the vibrating length of the strings.", "The length of the strings, or scale, is related to the quality of tone you get from the strings. The lower the pitch you need, the longer a string you want. That’s why guitars, which play higher pitches, are shorter than basses.", "The most common scale for an electric bass is 34”. This is called ‘long scale’. Some basses, especially 5-strings, are 35” scale. Extra long scale is longer than 34”. Other basses are ‘medium scale’ – 30\"-33” – and others are ‘short scale’ – 30” or less.", "As the scale length increases, the notes are spread further apart along each string. The further apart the notes are, the more stretching and shifting around will be required to play them. So, there is a balance of scale length and playability. A scale length of more than 35” begins to be uncomfortable to play unless you have huge hands.", "For a good-sounding low B string on a 5-string bass you should seriously consider a 35” scale bass. It makes a big difference. That low B won’t be so flabby and it will ring more clearly.", "If you have really small hands or the bass is for a child under 12, you might consider a short scale bass.", "In my experience with my students, most people who think they have small hands don’t. Playing bass is not natural to the human body. It will probably be a little uncomfortable at first. Your hands will slowly get accustomed to the stretching required. It’s not as bad as it seems at first.", "If you do have small hands or the bass is for a child, try out some short scale basses. They have a little different tone to them. Paul McCartney played a short scale bass in the Beatles. I can only describe the sound as plinky, but I don’t mean that in a negative way. The tone of a short scale bass just has a different color to it. And, of course, the sound depends on the specific bass and the player playing it.", "online tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying guide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site" ] }, "parsed_md": "Octaves | StudyBass\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n * Tools\n * Gear\n * Says...\n * Support\n * Login\n\nclose\n\n#### My StudyBass\n\nStudy Guide > StudyBass Fundamentals One > Common Bass Patterns > Octaves\n\n# Octaves\n\nchevron_leftLast Lesson fitness_center Exercises queue_music Songs Next\nLessonchevron_right\n\n### What is an Octave?\n\nAn octave is the same note at a higher or lower pitch. You'll recall from the\nmusical alphabet lesson there are only 12 notes in music. That same cycle of\n12 notes is repeated over and over in what are called different octaves. That\nmeans there are multiple 'A' notes, multiple 'Bb' notes, and so on. Each one\nis just a higher-, or lower-pitched version of the others.\n\n### The Same but Different\n\nThe idea of octaves can be confusing at first. How can it be the same note\nwhen it sounds different? The simplest answer is octaves ring similarly. If\nyou play them at the same time, you will hear how they sound very consonant\nwith one another. The more technical answer (feel free to skip this) is the\noctave of a note is either half or double the frequency of the note. The note\n'A' rings at 440Hz; 'A' an octave lower rings at 220Hz; an 'A' an octave\nhigher rings at 880Hz.\n\n### Playing Octaves on the Bass\n\nThe most common way bassists play octaves on the bass is: from any one note\nthe higher octave can be played two strings up and two frets over. This octave\npattern exists on any fret of any string of the bass so long as you don't run\nout of strings.\n\nTo get any note's lower octave, reverse the pattern: play the note two strings\ndown and two frets back.\n\nThis pattern also works for open strings. You can see the octaves of open E\nand open A in the interactive fretboard diagram.\n\n### Fingering Octaves on the Bass\n\nClick the Play button on the fretboard diagrams to see the suggested\nfingerings and hear the notes.\n\nSticking to the one-finger-per-fret rule would mean you play the low note with\nfinger 1 and the higher octave with finger 3. You should be able to do this.\nIt's also okay to break the one-finger-per-fret \"rule\" and play with your 1st\nand 4th fingers. This is more comfortable and makes it easier when you are\nplaying a lot of octaves. Practice it both ways.\n\nWhen you play and practice octaves, don't let them ring together at the same\ntime. Instead, use a see-saw rocking motion to play the octave notes\nindividually where only one note is ringing at a time. It's not that you can\nnever play octaves at the same time. It's common to do so. But, playing them\nindependently takes a little more work and is more common.\n\n### Other Octave Patterns on Bass\n\nRemember, octaves aren't a finger pattern, but a pattern of sound. There are\nmany more ways to play octaves on the bass. You can play the octave of any\nnote 12 frets higher on the same string. You can also play a higher octave of\na note 7 frets higher on the next string as shown in the Open D-string\nexample.\n\n### Using Octaves in Bass Playing\n\nThe use of octaves in basslines is very popular. A lot of times a bassist\nneeds to keep the notes simple. For instance, a bassline might only call for\nroot notes. To add some variety without adding more notes to the mix, we could\nadd in octaves of those root notes.\n\nYou will find that octaves are used in all styles of bass playing and styles\nof music. Some of the most obvious places you can hear octaves are in slap\nbasslines and in disco basslines. But, as I said, octaves are used in\neverything under the sun.\n\n### The Sound of the Octave\n\nAs you start learning different note patterns on bass and in music in general,\nyou should try to absorb the sound of the pattern. You want to learn to\nrecognize these sounds when you hear them. This takes time. A good first step\nis to relate it to something familiar like a well-known melody or bassline.\nLearn to sing or hum the pattern.\n\nYou can think of these sounds to get the sound of the octave in your head:\n\n * the first two notes of the melody to Somewhere Over the Rainbow (Some....where...)\n * the bassline of the intro to Jimi Hendrix's Purple Haze (root-octave-root-octave)\n * the main riff to My Sharona by The Knack (root-root-octave-octave...)\n\nTry out the octave exercises and octave examples.\n\nchevron_leftLast Lesson fitness_center Exercises queue_music Songs Next\nLessonchevron_right\n\nmode_comment\"Hi Andrew, first I'd like to say a huge thank you, I've played\nbass for over thirty years but never understood anything about music! Just\nused my ears! So this is great, I love the eloquent explanations, and I'm\nkinda getting stuff that I never got before, so fantastic so far.\" — Martyn\nO., StudyBasser\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n * Tools\n * Gear\n * Says... a Blog\n * Support\n * Using the Site\n * Help\n * Feedback\n * Dedication\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * brightness_6 Dark Mode\n\n© 2003 - 2020 Leading Tone Media, LLC - all rights reserved\n\nThis website requires the use of cookies. To continue using the site, please\nreview and accept the cookie policy, privacy policy and terms of service.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/bass_scale.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20130920051657/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_guitar_buying_guide/bass_scale.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Bass Amp Basics", "passages": [ "Bass amps consist of several different components. And, bass amp rigs, as they are called, can be purchased in several different configurations. In this bass gear article, I will explain to you the main components of bass amps and the ways you need to combine them. In other articles I will go into more detail about each bass amp component.", "The bass amp head, or head, is the part housing all the main electronic components of the bass amplifier. The head is the part of the amp into which you plug your bass guitar.", "The bass speaker cabinet, or just cabinet, is the box enclosure housing the speaker or speakers. The output of the bass amp head is sent to the speaker cabinet.", "The head and cabinet can be bought separately. Other times the head and cabinet are combined into one unit called a combo amp.", "The head of a bass amp can be divided into the preamp and the power amp. Many times these come together in one unit; other times they come as separate units which you must link together. Let me break down these two parts of the bass head...", "When you plug your bass into the bass amp input the first place your bass signal goes is to the preamp. The preamp shapes and manipulates the bass signal it receives in various ways. It might make it sound brighter or muddier, or it might make it sound boomier or brittle. The preamp can make subtle or drastic changes to the sonic characteristics of the input signal.", "Preamps are commonly designed with a particular instrument in mind. A guitar preamp is designed to make the tonal properties of guitars sound good. A bass preamp is designed specifically for bass. Always be sure to get a bass preamp unless you know for sure you want something else.", "Once the input signal has been shaped and colored by the preamp, the bass signal is sent to the power amp. The power amp takes the signal from the preamp and essentially makes it more powerful. The power is needed to physically move, or drive, the speaker in the cabinet. So, the amplified signal is then sent to the speaker in the cabinet.", "A bass cabinet is a box containing one or more speakers. Most bass cabinets are simply constructed. Cabinets are usually wooden boxes covered with carpet. The speaker is screwed inside and covered with a protective grill.", "Cabinets come in many different sizes. The size is usually described as the number of speakers and the size of the speakers in inches. A 1 x 15 cabinet means it contains one 15” speaker. A 4 x 10 cabinet contains four 10” speakers.", "Cabinets are rated in terms of how much power they can handle coming from the bass head. You can damage the cabinet if you send too much power to it.", "A stack is a head and cabinet stacked together. A full stack consists of two cabinets with a head on top. A half stack is just one cabinet with a head on top.", "Any bass amp setup you buy will need to have a preamp, a power amp (these two are often combined in a head), and a speaker cabinet. The easiest thing for beginners to buy is a bass combo amp. That way you can be confident all the parts are there, they are matched to one another, and they are hooked up properly. All you have to do is plug in your bass and turn it on.", "Most combo amps are not very powerful and are better suited for practice, rehearsal, and smaller gigs. Being able to hear yourself over a drummer will be a main concern. Drums can be loud.", "Another downside is bigger combo amps can be heavy and bulky. There’s nothing quite like carrying an amp that weighs as much as you do up a flight of stairs at 4:00 AM! And, don't forget to make sure your amp will fit into your car.", "Buying the bass head and cabinet separately has advantages, but can be more complicated. Firstly, you will usually get more power (that is, more volume) from having a separate head and cabinet.", "Having separate components allows you to upgrade one piece at a time or slowly add on more pieces. Going modular may make buying new gear easier on you financially.", "You also have more options with how you match the sound of the head to the sound of the speaker. This can be a long, expensive process of trial and error. You might like that, or the many possible configurations there are might overwhelm you. And, hooking up a head and cabinet can be tricky.", "Regardless of what you get, it’s a good idea to understand the ins and outs of bass amps. We will discuss the finer details of bass amps in the other articles in the bass amp faq.", "online tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying guide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site" ] }, "parsed_md": "What Scale Bass Do I Want?\n\n# What Scale Bass Do I Want?\n\nbass buying guide : common bass buying questions : what scale bass do I want?\n\nprev\n\nThe scale of a bass refers to how long the bass is from the bridge to the nut\n– the vibrating length of the strings.\n\nThe length of the strings, or scale, is related to the quality of tone you get\nfrom the strings. The lower the pitch you need, the longer a string you want.\nThat’s why guitars, which play higher pitches, are shorter than basses.\n\nThe most common scale for an electric bass is 34”. This is called ‘long\nscale’. Some basses, especially 5-strings, are 35” scale. Extra long scale is\nlonger than 34”. Other basses are ‘medium scale’ – 30\"-33” – and others are\n‘short scale’ – 30” or less.\n\nAs the scale length increases, the notes are spread further apart along each\nstring. The further apart the notes are, the more stretching and shifting\naround will be required to play them. So, there is a balance of scale length\nand playability. A scale length of more than 35” begins to be uncomfortable to\nplay unless you have huge hands.\n\nA 34” scale bass is fine for a 4-string bass.\n\nFor a good-sounding low B string on a 5-string bass you should seriously\nconsider a 35” scale bass. It makes a big difference. That low B won’t be so\nflabby and it will ring more clearly.\n\nIf you have really small hands or the bass is for a child under 12, you might\nconsider a short scale bass.\n\nIn my experience with my students, most people who think they have small hands\ndon’t. Playing bass is not natural to the human body. It will probably be a\nlittle uncomfortable at first. Your hands will slowly get accustomed to the\nstretching required. It’s not as bad as it seems at first.\n\nIf you do have small hands or the bass is for a child, try out some short\nscale basses. They have a little different tone to them. Paul McCartney played\na short scale bass in the Beatles. I can only describe the sound as plinky,\nbut I don’t mean that in a negative way. The tone of a short scale bass just\nhas a different color to it. And, of course, the sound depends on the specific\nbass and the player playing it.\n\nnext back to the bass buying guide\n\n© www.TuneMyBass.com 2004-2013 All Rights Reserved. terms of service - privacy\npolicy\n\n### Get my app ClefTutor!\n\nFor iPhone and iPad...\n\nClefTutor for Android...\n\nTuneMyBass.com :: technical help for bass players ...\n\nonline tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying\nguide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_amps/bass_amp_basics.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20131108061218/http://www.tunemybass.com:80/bass_amps/bass_amp_basics.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Metronomes", "passages": [ "A metronome is a device that provides a steady beat. A metronome makes a pulsing click sound that can be set at various speeds. You can check out the online metronome I developed for studybass.", "Musicians use metronomes to practice rhythm, pace themselves, and to learn to keep a consistent beat. Metronomes are a great practice tool.", "Most metronomes nowadays are digital and run on batteries. They are highly accurate. The older style metronomes use a pendulum that swings back and forth making a click with each swing. Pendulum-style metronomes are usually wound like watches used to be.", "I recommend purchasing a digital quartz metronome. I’ve always liked Seiko metronomes, but there are many choices. Make sure you listen to it and that it makes a clicking sound, not a beeping sound. That will be important in coming rhythm lessons. I also prefer the metronomes with dials rather than push buttons.", "Beginners are often unsure of how to use a metronome. It’s not very complicated. Most often you will play music in 4/4 time and count 4 beats to a bar. (See time signatures.) Each click of the metronome will equal one of those four beats. Counting one beat on each click you would count: 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. You can count other time signatures the same way. In 3/4 time you'd count: 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, and so forth.", "The metronome will help you learn to keep a steady pace. Keeping a steady beat is a critical skill for bassists and musicians. Good music almost always requires a consistent pulse. Think of a metronome as your rhythmic training wheels.", "Beginners will often slow down on difficult parts and speed up on easy ones. You can’t do that. The beat must be consistent throughout. This is where the metronome will help.", "If you are running through some music for the first time, you don’t have to start with the metronome. Get familiar first, then work out the rhythm with the metronome guiding you.", "There are other ways to count with the metronome, too. The click can be interpreted any way you want. You could set the click faster and count two clicks per beat. Or, you could set it slower and let it click on every other beat. Metronomes are very versatile. I’ll be showing you a number of ways to use them to develop your sense of rhythm. How to play with a metronome will become more obvious as we play and practice rhythm.", "Metronomes allow you to select the tempo. Tempo is the rate, or speed, at which the beat occurs. Tempo is often expressed in Beats Per Minute (bpm).", "A slow song might have a tempo of 60 bpm. A rock song may range from 100-200 bpm. A really fast jazz tune may hit 300 bpm or more.", "What tempo you set it on will depend on what you are practicing. Perhaps you want to play a song that is 150 bpm, but it’s too fast for you to play. You might start at 60 bpm and incrementally work your way up to 150. If you can’t play something slowly, you probably can’t play it fast. Working a bass part out slowly and building up your speed is always a good idea.", "Many of the newer metronomes have features that emphasize the first beat of each bar with a louder click. Don’t use it. As a bassist you need to develop a strong internal sense of where beat one is. You can’t let the metronome give you the answer. You need to learn to feel the beat and develop confidence you know where beat one is. The emphasized beat may seem like a useful feature, but it is a crutch and you are only delaying your progress in developing this essential skill.", "I’ve heard this a million times. There’s no reason to hate the metronome. What you hate is your inability to play in sync with the metronome. If you hate the metronome it tells me even more you need to use it. If you can accurately play with the metronome the click will disappear into the background of your bassline. You'll hardly know it's there. If you are off rhythmically, the metronome will seem erratic, but it's you. Don’t kill the messenger for your unsteady timing." ] }, "parsed_md": "Bass Amp Basics\n\n# Bass Amp Basics\n\nbass amp faq : bass amp basics\n\n### Bass Amp Setups\n\nBass amps consist of several different components. And, bass amp rigs, as they\nare called, can be purchased in several different configurations. In this bass\ngear article, I will explain to you the main components of bass amps and the\nways you need to combine them. In other articles I will go into more detail\nabout each bass amp component.\n\n### The Main Components of Bass Amps\n\nThe two main parts of a bass amp are the head and the cabinet.\n\nThe bass amp head, or head, is the part housing all the main electronic\ncomponents of the bass amplifier. The head is the part of the amp into which\nyou plug your bass guitar.\n\nThe bass speaker cabinet, or just cabinet, is the box enclosure housing the\nspeaker or speakers. The output of the bass amp head is sent to the speaker\ncabinet.\n\nThe head and cabinet can be bought separately. Other times the head and\ncabinet are combined into one unit called a combo amp.\n\n### Bass Amp Heads\n\nThe head of a bass amp can be divided into the preamp and the power amp. Many\ntimes these come together in one unit; other times they come as separate units\nwhich you must link together. Let me break down these two parts of the bass\nhead...\n\n### Bass Preamps\n\nWhen you plug your bass into the bass amp input the first place your bass\nsignal goes is to the preamp. The preamp shapes and manipulates the bass\nsignal it receives in various ways. It might make it sound brighter or\nmuddier, or it might make it sound boomier or brittle. The preamp can make\nsubtle or drastic changes to the sonic characteristics of the input signal.\n\nPreamps are commonly designed with a particular instrument in mind. A guitar\npreamp is designed to make the tonal properties of guitars sound good. A bass\npreamp is designed specifically for bass. Always be sure to get a bass preamp\nunless you know for sure you want something else.\n\n### Bass Power Amps\n\nOnce the input signal has been shaped and colored by the preamp, the bass\nsignal is sent to the power amp. The power amp takes the signal from the\npreamp and essentially makes it more powerful. The power is needed to\nphysically move, or drive, the speaker in the cabinet. So, the amplified\nsignal is then sent to the speaker in the cabinet.\n\n### Bass Cabinets\n\nA bass cabinet is a box containing one or more speakers. Most bass cabinets\nare simply constructed. Cabinets are usually wooden boxes covered with carpet.\nThe speaker is screwed inside and covered with a protective grill.\n\nCabinets come in many different sizes. The size is usually described as the\nnumber of speakers and the size of the speakers in inches. A 1 x 15 cabinet\nmeans it contains one 15” speaker. A 4 x 10 cabinet contains four 10”\nspeakers.\n\nCabinets are rated in terms of how much power they can handle coming from the\nbass head. You can damage the cabinet if you send too much power to it.\n\nMore bass cabinet info is in the bass cabinet guide.\n\n### Bass Stacks\n\nA stack is a head and cabinet stacked together. A full stack consists of two\ncabinets with a head on top. A half stack is just one cabinet with a head on\ntop.\n\n### What Bass Amp Setup Should I Get?\n\nAny bass amp setup you buy will need to have a preamp, a power amp (these two\nare often combined in a head), and a speaker cabinet. The easiest thing for\nbeginners to buy is a bass combo amp. That way you can be confident all the\nparts are there, they are matched to one another, and they are hooked up\nproperly. All you have to do is plug in your bass and turn it on.\n\nMost combo amps are not very powerful and are better suited for practice,\nrehearsal, and smaller gigs. Being able to hear yourself over a drummer will\nbe a main concern. Drums can be loud.\n\nAnother downside is bigger combo amps can be heavy and bulky. There’s nothing\nquite like carrying an amp that weighs as much as you do up a flight of stairs\nat 4:00 AM! And, don't forget to make sure your amp will fit into your car.\n\nBuying the bass head and cabinet separately has advantages, but can be more\ncomplicated. Firstly, you will usually get more power (that is, more volume)\nfrom having a separate head and cabinet.\n\nHaving separate components allows you to upgrade one piece at a time or slowly\nadd on more pieces. Going modular may make buying new gear easier on you\nfinancially.\n\nYou also have more options with how you match the sound of the head to the\nsound of the speaker. This can be a long, expensive process of trial and\nerror. You might like that, or the many possible configurations there are\nmight overwhelm you. And, hooking up a head and cabinet can be tricky.\n\nRegardless of what you get, it’s a good idea to understand the ins and outs of\nbass amps. We will discuss the finer details of bass amps in the other\narticles in the bass amp faq.\n\n© www.TuneMyBass.com 2004-2013 All Rights Reserved. terms of service - privacy\npolicy\n\n### Get my app ClefTutor!\n\nFor iPhone and iPad...\n\nClefTutor for Android...\n\nTuneMyBass.com :: technical help for bass players ...\n\nonline tuner bass guitar tuning faq bass guitar strings faq bass guitar buying\nguide bass setup guide bass amp faq bass effects guide about the site\n\n" } ]
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How To Get a Dog to Behave in Restaurants
To get your dog to behave in a restaurant, keep it busy and satisfied by bringing along treats, chew toys, and a portable water bowl. You can also tire your dog out beforehand, so it's less likely to act up, by going on a long walk or taking it to the dog park first. If you think your dog needs additional training, teach it to be quiet on command by first teaching it to "speak." Once your dog can reliably bark on command, get it to speak, then ask it to be quiet and reward it with a treat a few seconds after it stops barking.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20181021204327/http://www.humanesociety.org:80/animals/dogs/tips/how_to_stop_barking.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190511125910/http://petfriendlytravel.com/news?id=13", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190306062408/http://www.canineminded.com:80/teach-dog-speak-quiet-command/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20191028165401/http://www.dogtrainingnation.com:80/dog-training-clients/dog-friendly-restaurant-etiquette/" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.humanesociety.org:80/animals/dogs/tips/how_to_stop_barking.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181021204327/http://www.humanesociety.org:80/animals/dogs/tips/how_to_stop_barking.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Get Your Dog to Stop Barking : The Humane Society of the United States", "passages": [ "Here's a list of six techniques that can help stop your dog from barking. While all of them can be very successful, you shouldn't expect miraculous results overnight. The longer your dog has been practicing the barking behavior, the longer it will take for him to change his ways.", "Some of these training techniques require you to have an idea as to why your dog barks. We can help you get some insight into what is behind the bark.", "Be consistent so you don't confuse your dog. Everyone in your family must apply the training methods every time your dog barks inappropriately. You can't let your dog get away with inappropriate barking some times and not others.", "Your dog gets some kind of reward when he barks. Otherwise, he wouldn't do it. Figure out what he gets out of barking and remove it. Don't give your dog the opportunity to continue the barking behavior.", "If he barks at people or animals passing by the living room window, manage his behavior by closing the curtains or putting your dog in another room.", "If he barks at passersby when he's in the yard, bring him into the house. Never leave your dog outside unsupervised all day and night.", "Ignore your dog's barking for as long as it takes him to stop. That means don't give him any attention at all while he's barking. Your attention only rewards him for being noisy. Don't talk to him, don't touch him, and don't even look at him. When he finally quiets, even to take a breath, reward him with a treat.", "To be successful with this method, you must wait as long as it takes for him to stop barking. If he barks for an hour and you finally get so frustrated that you yell at him to be quiet, the next time he'll probably bark for an hour and a half. He learns that if he just barks long enough you'll give him attention.", "As he catches on that being quiet gets him a treat, lengthen the amount of time he must remain quiet before being rewarded.", "Remember to start small by rewarding him for being quiet for just a few seconds, then working up to longer periods of quiet.", "Keep it fun by varying the amount of time. Sometimes reward him after 5 seconds, then 12 seconds, then 3 seconds, then 20 seconds, and so on.", "Gradually get your dog accustomed to whatever is causing him to bark. Start with the stimulus (the thing that makes him bark) at a distance. It must be far enough away that he doesn't bark when he sees it. Feed him lots of good treats. Move the stimulus a little closer (perhaps as little as a few inches or a few feet to start) and feed treats. If the stimulus moves out of sight, stop giving your dog treats. You want your dog to learn that the appearance of the stimulus leads to good things (treats!).", "Have a friend with a dog stand out of sight or far enough away so your dog won't bark at the other dog.", "Remember not to try to progress too quickly as it may take days or weeks before your dog can pay attention to you and the treats without barking at the other dog.", "It may sound nonsensical, but the first step of this technique is to teach your dog to bark on command. Give your dog the command to \"speak,\" wait for him to bark two or three times, and then stick a tasty treat in front of his nose. When he stops barking to sniff the treat, praise him and give him the treat. Repeat until he starts barking as soon as you say \"speak.\"", "Once your dog can reliably bark on command, teach him the \"quiet\" command. In a calm environment with no distractions, tell him to \"speak.\" When he starts barking, say \"quiet\" and stick a treat in front of his nose. Praise him for being quiet and give him the treat.", "Once you've taught your dog the \"quiet\" command in a calm environment, practice in increasingly distracting situations until your dog can immediately stop barking when asked to, even when that \"intruder\" arrives at the door.", "When your dog starts barking, ask him to do something that's incompatible with barking. Teaching your dog to react to barking stimuli with something that inhibits him from barking, such as lying down in his bed.", "When he's reliably going to his mat to earn a treat, up the ante by opening the door while he's on his mat. If he gets up, close the door immediately.", "Then increase the difficulty by having someone ring the doorbell while your dog is on his mat. Reward him if he stays in place.", "Make sure your dog is getting sufficient physical and mental exercise every day. A tired dog is a good dog and one who is less likely to bark from boredom or frustration. Depending on his breed, age, and health, your dog may require several long walks as well as a good game of chasing the ball and playing with some interactive toys.", "The HSUS^® is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions to The HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. The HSUS's tax identification number is 53-0225390.", "*Message and data rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out. We'll text you approximately once a month. Terms & Conditions/Privacy Policy" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Get Your Dog to Stop Barking : The Humane Society of the United States\n\n * Skip to nav\n * Skip to content\n\n * News\n * Video\n * Animals\n\n * Pets\n * Wild Neighbors\n * Animals A-Z\n * Our Care Centers\n * Our Work\n * Magazines\n * About Us\n * Ways to Give\n\nDONATE\n\nOctober 31, 2014\n\n# How to Get Your Dog to Stop Barking\n\nSix ways to control your dog's barking\n\n * While all of these techniques can help stop your dog from barking, don't expect results overnight. iStockphoto\n\nHere's a list of six techniques that can help stop your dog from barking.\nWhile all of them can be very successful, you shouldn't expect miraculous\nresults overnight. The longer your dog has been practicing the barking\nbehavior, the longer it will take for him to change his ways.\n\nSome of these training techniques require you to have an idea as to why your\ndog barks. We can help you get some insight into what is behind the bark.\n\nAlways remember to keep these tips in mind while training:\n\n * Don't yell at your dog to be quiet—it just sounds like you're barking along with him.\n * Keep your training sessions positive and upbeat.\n * Be consistent so you don't confuse your dog. Everyone in your family must apply the training methods every time your dog barks inappropriately. You can't let your dog get away with inappropriate barking some times and not others.\n\n## Contents\n\n 1. Remove the motivation\n 2. Ignore the barking\n 3. Desensitize your dog to the stimulus\n 4. Teach your dog the \"quiet\" command\n 5. Ask your dog for an incompatible behavior\n 6. Keep your dog tired\n\n## Remove the motivation\n\nYour dog gets some kind of reward when he barks. Otherwise, he wouldn't do it.\nFigure out what he gets out of barking and remove it. Don't give your dog the\nopportunity to continue the barking behavior.\n\nExample: barking at passersby\n\n * If he barks at people or animals passing by the living room window, manage his behavior by closing the curtains or putting your dog in another room.\n * If he barks at passersby when he's in the yard, bring him into the house. Never leave your dog outside unsupervised all day and night.\n\nBusy Toys on Amazon.com »\n\n## Ignore the barking\n\nIgnore your dog's barking for as long as it takes him to stop. That means\ndon't give him any attention at all while he's barking. Your attention only\nrewards him for being noisy. Don't talk to him, don't touch him, and don't\neven look at him. When he finally quiets, even to take a breath, reward him\nwith a treat.\n\nTo be successful with this method, you must wait as long as it takes for him\nto stop barking. If he barks for an hour and you finally get so frustrated\nthat you yell at him to be quiet, the next time he'll probably bark for an\nhour and a half. He learns that if he just barks long enough you'll give him\nattention.\n\nExample: barking when confined\n\n * When you put your dog in his crate or in a gated room, turn your back and ignore him.\n * Once he stops barking, turn around, praise him, and give him a treat.\n * As he catches on that being quiet gets him a treat, lengthen the amount of time he must remain quiet before being rewarded.\n * Remember to start small by rewarding him for being quiet for just a few seconds, then working up to longer periods of quiet.\n * Keep it fun by varying the amount of time. Sometimes reward him after 5 seconds, then 12 seconds, then 3 seconds, then 20 seconds, and so on.\n\nYou're here to help animals. So are we. Please join us. »\n\n## Desensitize your dog to the stimulus\n\nGradually get your dog accustomed to whatever is causing him to bark. Start\nwith the stimulus (the thing that makes him bark) at a distance. It must be\nfar enough away that he doesn't bark when he sees it. Feed him lots of good\ntreats. Move the stimulus a little closer (perhaps as little as a few inches\nor a few feet to start) and feed treats. If the stimulus moves out of sight,\nstop giving your dog treats. You want your dog to learn that the appearance of\nthe stimulus leads to good things (treats!).\n\nExample: barking at dogs\n\n * Have a friend with a dog stand out of sight or far enough away so your dog won't bark at the other dog.\n * As your friend and her dog come into view, start feeding your dog lots of very yummy treats.\n * Stop feeding treats as soon as your friend and her dog disappear from view.\n * Repeat the process multiple times\n * Remember not to try to progress too quickly as it may take days or weeks before your dog can pay attention to you and the treats without barking at the other dog.\n\n## Teach your dog the \"quiet\" command\n\nIt may sound nonsensical, but the first step of this technique is to teach\nyour dog to bark on command. Give your dog the command to \"speak,\" wait for\nhim to bark two or three times, and then stick a tasty treat in front of his\nnose. When he stops barking to sniff the treat, praise him and give him the\ntreat. Repeat until he starts barking as soon as you say \"speak.\"\n\nOnce your dog can reliably bark on command, teach him the \"quiet\" command. In\na calm environment with no distractions, tell him to \"speak.\" When he starts\nbarking, say \"quiet\" and stick a treat in front of his nose. Praise him for\nbeing quiet and give him the treat.\n\nExample: someone at the door\n\n * When the doorbell rings, your dog alerts you to the presence of an \"intruder\" by barking wildly.\n * Once you've taught your dog the \"quiet\" command in a calm environment, practice in increasingly distracting situations until your dog can immediately stop barking when asked to, even when that \"intruder\" arrives at the door.\n\n## Ask your dog for an incompatible behavior\n\nWhen your dog starts barking, ask him to do something that's incompatible with\nbarking. Teaching your dog to react to barking stimuli with something that\ninhibits him from barking, such as lying down in his bed.\n\nExample: someone at the door\n\n * Toss a treat on his mat and tell him to \"go to your place.\"\n * When he's reliably going to his mat to earn a treat, up the ante by opening the door while he's on his mat. If he gets up, close the door immediately.\n * Repeat until he stays on his mat while the door opens.\n * Then increase the difficulty by having someone ring the doorbell while your dog is on his mat. Reward him if he stays in place.\n\n## Keep your dog tired\n\nMake sure your dog is getting sufficient physical and mental exercise every\nday. A tired dog is a good dog and one who is less likely to bark from boredom\nor frustration. Depending on his breed, age, and health, your dog may require\nseveral long walks as well as a good game of chasing the ball and playing with\nsome interactive toys.\n\n * Donate\n\nDonate $25 or more to receive All Animals, our member magazine\n\nDonate\n\n * Sign Up\n * Take Action\n * Stop puppy mill cruelty -- report it! Act now\n\n## Related Content\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### Why Dogs Bark\n\n### Dog Care and Behavior Tips\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### Ten Dog Care Essentials\n\nView more related content\n\n## Looking for a pet?\n\nFind your perfect match at a local shelter.\n\nShelter Pet Project can help.\n\n * Home\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n * Contact Us\n * Newsroom\n\n### Get Connected\n\n * RSS Subscribe\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Google+\n * Tumblr\n\n### Sign Up for HSUS Email Alerts\n\n### Get HSUS Text Updates*\n\n### About Us\n\n * Blog\n * Mission Statement\n * Our Policies\n * Our Leadership\n * Accomplishments\n * Annual Report\n * F.A.Q.\n * Careers\n\n### Affiliates\n\n * Fund for Animals\n * Humane Society International\n * Humane Society Veterinary Medical Association\n * Wildlife Land Trust\n\n### Help Animals\n\n * Report an Animal Emergency\n * Report an Animal Cruelty Crime\n * Reward and Tip Lines\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Resources for Law Enforcement\n * Shelters & Shelter Services\n * Volunteer with HSUS\n * 50 Ways to Help\n\n### Take Action\n\n * Act Now\n * Our Campaigns\n * State Legislation\n * Federal Legislation\n\n### Donate\n\n * Make a Monthly Donation\n * Make a One-Time Gift\n * Create a Legacy\n * Make a Leadership Gift\n * Fundraise for Animals\n * Make a Vehicle Donation\n * Contact Philanthropy\n * Other Ways to Give\n * Donations F.A.Q.\n\n### Membership\n\n * Become a Member\n * Explore All Animals Magazine\n * Manage My Online Account\n * Membership F.A.Q.\n\n© 2018 The Humane Society of the United States\n\nThe HSUS^® is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions\nto The HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. The HSUS's tax\nidentification number is 53-0225390.\n\n*Message and data rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out. We'll text you approximately once a month. Terms & Conditions/Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://petfriendlytravel.com/news", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190511125910/http://petfriendlytravel.com/news?id=13", "parsed_text": { "title": "Pet Friendly Restaurants", "passages": [ "Hollywood, CA, July 14, 2006 -- Florida passed a “Doggie Dining Law” in June, Austin, TX got one in March, New York City allows pets to accompany their owners at outdoor dining spots, and Chicago’s restauranteurs are lobbying for similar approval. Meanwhile, California’s well-established business in letting pets join their owners while dining al-fresco makes that state a leader of the doggie-dining pack. Across the nation, more and more eateries and watering holes are joining the ranks of pet-friendly establishments – increasing dining choices for pet owners, and adding an upscale revenue stream for hospitality owners.", "“All sides of the table are benefiting from this latest development in pet- friendly accommodation,” says pet travel expert Tracey Thompson, founder of website PetFriendlyTravel.com. “Those of us who travel with pets are finding more and more dining choices available wherever we go. ‘Doggie Dining’ makes excellent business sense for restaurant owners willing to take the simple steps needed to accommodate pets owners – who will spend over $15 billion this year feeding their pets. For animals, dining out with their owners expands their opportunities to share companionship. And for truly lucky dogs, there are even restaurants adding special menus with canine fare, like the “Dog Days Burger” at Bully Ranch in Vail, CO, the “Ham Barker Helper” at Tin Shed Garden Café in Portland, OR, and the “Very Terrier Veal Bones” at Out of Denmark Restaurant in Delray Beach, FL.”", "Spurred by the need of her website’s users to identify pet-friendly activities while on the road, Thompson recently added a restaurant guide and restaurant reviews to her lodging referral site’s bundle of services, which also includes a national listing of dog-friendly beaches. The growing roster of PetFriendlyTravel.com restaurant and bar listings currently includes establishments in 31 US states, and 2 Canadian provinces.", "“Dog’s Eye View” restaurant reviews on PetFriendlyTravel.com are a special feature that add additional “Paws-on Pet-spectives,” like these observations from the Chicago dog Bof -- who wrote that the Ann Sather Café in the Windy City served “a buttery flaky croissant that was scrumptious” and Northern California’s Caleb -- who appreciated that at the Mendocino Café in that city “they bring water for the thirsty dog,” but warns “beware of the cat!.”", "Thanks to federal regulations, service dogs have long been welcome in restaurants, but most local health codes limit dogs to outside dining areas, or to venues like bars, where no food is served. Enterprising bar owners have responded with “Doggie Happy Hours” – special times when pet owners can bring their canine companions along to enjoy the ambiance. Notable “Doggie Happy Hours” reported on PetFriendlyTravel.com include Tuesdays at Hotel Indigo Atlanta Midtown, Wednesdays at Joe’s Sports Bar in Chicago, and Wednesdays at the Helix Hotel in Washington DC. Charlotte NC even boasts one venue where it’s Happy Hour all the time for pet-friendly crowd – the Dog Bar Noda – designed especially for dog owners, their pets and other dog lovers.", "Of course, ensuring a warm welcome when dining out with a four-footed “best friend” demands attention to certain niceties – which Thompson summarizes in her Tips for Pet-Friendly Dining: • Dogs should remain on a leash at all times, and should not socialize with other diners or restaurant employees, unless welcomed. • Barking or begging for food is frowned on -- dogs should always be well-behaved around other people and animals. • Dogs should be kept close to or under the table while owners are eating – and stay out of the way of the restaurant staff. • Pets are not permitted to eat or drink out of restaurant glasses or dishes, unless they are disposable. Bring your pet’s own doggie bowl or ask the waiter for a paper or plastic bowl for water. • It’s considered rude for dogs to stand or sit on chairs or tables. • Finally, because not all restaurants with outdoor seating allow dogs -- be sure to call ahead and confirm the restaurant is pet friendly.", "About Pet Friendly Travel Founded in 2000 by Emmy Award-winning children’s television producer Tracey Thompson, www.PetFriendlyTravel.com provides easy access to pet friendly accommodations in the US and Canada, including dog and pet friendly hotels, vacation rentals, cabins, motels, inns, bed and breakfasts, cottages, resorts and lodges. The site’s business partners comprise more than 1,000 separate listings, including private vacation rental owners and property management companies. Especially popular for summer travelers are listed vacation rental properties on the beach, among them Cape Cod and Martha’s Vineyard, MA; The Outer Banks, NC; Topsail Island, NC; Hilton Head, SC; Tybee Island, GA; Galveston, TX; all of Florida; and the California and Oregon coasts." ] }, "parsed_md": "Pet Friendly Restaurants | Tips for Doggie Dining | Pet Friendly Travel\n\nVacation Rentals\n\nCampgrounds/RV Parks\n\nRestaurants & Bars \n \n--- \n \n\nPet Friendly Restaurants \n \n--- \n \nSubmit a Restaurant Review \n \nRecreation \n \n--- \n \n\nDog Beaches U.S. \n \n--- \n \nDog Beaches Canada \n \nPet Friendly Campgrounds U.S. \n \nPet Friendly Campgrounds Canada \n \nOff-Leash Dog Parks U.S. \n \nOff-Leash Dog Parks Canada \n \nPets in U.S. National Parks \n \nPets in U.S. State, County & City Parks \n \nPet Friendly Shopping Malls \n \nTravel \n \n--- \n \n\nPet Air Travel \n \n--- \n \nInternational Pet Travel \n \nPet Friendly Airports U.S. \n \nPet Friendly Airports Canada \n \nTrain Travel \n \nTravel with Pet Birds \n \nTravel with Exotic Pets \n \nPet Travel Tips \n \nPet Adoption \n \n--- \n \n\nPet Adoption & Animal Rescue \n \n--- \n \nPurchasing a Pet \n \nAttractions & Activities\n\nPFT in the News\n\nFriends of PFT\n\nPet Friendly Timeshares\n\nPet Products\n\nContact Us\n\nHome\n\nFind Pet Friendly Travel \n--- \nFind Pet Friendly Restaurants \n \n# Pet Friendly Travel in the News\n\n| Back \n---|--- \n \nDOGGIE DINING TREND HAS TAILS WAGGING UNDER NATION’S RESTAURANT TABLES\n\nNew Guide to Dog-Friendly Eateries and Watering Holes Helps Diners-with-Pets\nStay Ahead of the Pack Thanks to “Dog’s-Eye” Reviews\n\nEtiquette Tips Ensure Friendly Welcome for Canine Restaurant-Goers\n\nHollywood, CA, July 14, 2006 -- Florida passed a “Doggie Dining Law” in June,\nAustin, TX got one in March, New York City allows pets to accompany their\nowners at outdoor dining spots, and Chicago’s restauranteurs are lobbying for\nsimilar approval. Meanwhile, California’s well-established business in letting\npets join their owners while dining al-fresco makes that state a leader of the\ndoggie-dining pack. Across the nation, more and more eateries and watering\nholes are joining the ranks of pet-friendly establishments – increasing dining\nchoices for pet owners, and adding an upscale revenue stream for hospitality\nowners.\n\n“All sides of the table are benefiting from this latest development in pet-\nfriendly accommodation,” says pet travel expert Tracey Thompson, founder of\nwebsite PetFriendlyTravel.com. “Those of us who travel with pets are finding\nmore and more dining choices available wherever we go. ‘Doggie Dining’ makes\nexcellent business sense for restaurant owners willing to take the simple\nsteps needed to accommodate pets owners – who will spend over $15 billion this\nyear feeding their pets. For animals, dining out with their owners expands\ntheir opportunities to share companionship. And for truly lucky dogs, there\nare even restaurants adding special menus with canine fare, like the “Dog Days\nBurger” at Bully Ranch in Vail, CO, the “Ham Barker Helper” at Tin Shed Garden\nCafé in Portland, OR, and the “Very Terrier Veal Bones” at Out of Denmark\nRestaurant in Delray Beach, FL.”\n\nSpurred by the need of her website’s users to identify pet-friendly activities\nwhile on the road, Thompson recently added a restaurant guide and restaurant\nreviews to her lodging referral site’s bundle of services, which also includes\na national listing of dog-friendly beaches. The growing roster of\nPetFriendlyTravel.com restaurant and bar listings currently includes\nestablishments in 31 US states, and 2 Canadian provinces.\n\n“Dog’s Eye View” restaurant reviews on PetFriendlyTravel.com are a special\nfeature that add additional “Paws-on Pet-spectives,” like these observations\nfrom the Chicago dog Bof -- who wrote that the Ann Sather Café in the Windy\nCity served “a buttery flaky croissant that was scrumptious” and Northern\nCalifornia’s Caleb -- who appreciated that at the Mendocino Café in that city\n“they bring water for the thirsty dog,” but warns “beware of the cat!.”\n\nThanks to federal regulations, service dogs have long been welcome in\nrestaurants, but most local health codes limit dogs to outside dining areas,\nor to venues like bars, where no food is served. Enterprising bar owners have\nresponded with “Doggie Happy Hours” – special times when pet owners can bring\ntheir canine companions along to enjoy the ambiance. Notable “Doggie Happy\nHours” reported on PetFriendlyTravel.com include Tuesdays at Hotel Indigo\nAtlanta Midtown, Wednesdays at Joe’s Sports Bar in Chicago, and Wednesdays at\nthe Helix Hotel in Washington DC. Charlotte NC even boasts one venue where\nit’s Happy Hour all the time for pet-friendly crowd – the Dog Bar Noda –\ndesigned especially for dog owners, their pets and other dog lovers.\n\nEtiquette Guide for Four-Footed Dining\n\nOf course, ensuring a warm welcome when dining out with a four-footed “best\nfriend” demands attention to certain niceties – which Thompson summarizes in\nher Tips for Pet-Friendly Dining: • Dogs should remain on a leash at all\ntimes, and should not socialize with other diners or restaurant employees,\nunless welcomed. • Barking or begging for food is frowned on -- dogs should\nalways be well-behaved around other people and animals. • Dogs should be kept\nclose to or under the table while owners are eating – and stay out of the way\nof the restaurant staff. • Pets are not permitted to eat or drink out of\nrestaurant glasses or dishes, unless they are disposable. Bring your pet’s own\ndoggie bowl or ask the waiter for a paper or plastic bowl for water. • It’s\nconsidered rude for dogs to stand or sit on chairs or tables. • Finally,\nbecause not all restaurants with outdoor seating allow dogs -- be sure to call\nahead and confirm the restaurant is pet friendly.\n\nAbout Pet Friendly Travel Founded in 2000 by Emmy Award-winning children’s\ntelevision producer Tracey Thompson, www.PetFriendlyTravel.com provides easy\naccess to pet friendly accommodations in the US and Canada, including dog and\npet friendly hotels, vacation rentals, cabins, motels, inns, bed and\nbreakfasts, cottages, resorts and lodges. The site’s business partners\ncomprise more than 1,000 separate listings, including private vacation rental\nowners and property management companies. Especially popular for summer\ntravelers are listed vacation rental properties on the beach, among them Cape\nCod and Martha’s Vineyard, MA; The Outer Banks, NC; Topsail Island, NC; Hilton\nHead, SC; Tybee Island, GA; Galveston, TX; all of Florida; and the California\nand Oregon coasts.\n\nFor additional information: Tracey Thompson www.PetFriendlyTravel.com\n323-850-5732\n\nNaerim Kim Brainerd Communicators 212-986-6667\n\nSponsored Links : Take A Look At Costco Flyer, Home Hardware Flyer, The Source\nFlyer, Canadian Tire Flyer and Ashley Furniture Homestore Flyer \n \nBack\n\n© 2019 PetFriendlyTravel.com. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy - Terms of\nService\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.canineminded.com:80/teach-dog-speak-quiet-command/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190306062408/http://www.canineminded.com:80/teach-dog-speak-quiet-command/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Teach Your Dog To Be Quiet On Command...", "passages": [ "Dogs bark. We all know this and most people with excessive barking dogs just tune out the fact their dog is barking out of control. Dogs bark for different reasons. Some want attention while others are being protective. Whatever the case an excessive barking dog is never fun. Now it’s completely normal for a dog to bark when the doorbell rings or there’s a commotion at the house. This is just the dog utilizing its natural protective instincts. But there’s a way to instantly get them to stop on command. This is something I learned while training dogs for television and commercials. Believe it or not the best way to get a dog to be quiet on command is teach them to bark on command. Most people think I’m crazy when I say this but then I explain it, properly execute it and it works like a charm. Let’s break this down...", "First thing’s first; You’ll need a bag of treats. Something they like and also be sure they’re hungry. I’d even recommend working them for their diet with this one.", "Second you’re gonna attach them to a leash. You know what I always say about my 3 rules of training: Control, Train, Treat. It’s the foundation of my training. We cannot train until we have control. A leash is usually the simplest and most effective form of control. Now hold that leash in your hand while training this technique. This will not only make things easier for you but it’ll keep your dog in a steady position while training.", "Next you’re gonna need to teach your dog to bark on command. Let’s call it a “Speak” command. This isn’t too difficult with excessive barkers. All you need to know is what triggers them off and you can teach them in a matter of minutes. A knock or a doorbell is a common one. Here’s how we do this: Go to the door and crack it open just enough where your arm can either ring the doorbell or knock. Ring the doorbell and or knock on the door. Your dog will instantly start barking. From there you’re going to stand between them and the door and give a “Speak” command while giving a hand signal. Make your hand signal something distinctive like your pointer finger waiving left and right in the air. While your dog is barking give them a treat but don’t praise them.", "Next you want to repeat this process several times over the next couple hours. This will lock in the “Speak” command. Now you’ve given them structure with their bad habit. You’ve simply changed their game into your game. Keep practicing this technique till your dog is speaking on command with just a verbal command and hand signal only. Now it’s time to add the most important step...", "By now your dog should be responding to the “Speak” command on cue with no doorbell/knock. Most dogs pick it up within an hour or so. Some sooner, some might take a while to get it. It’s vital to make sure they grasp the “Speak” command before moving on in the process. Go ahead and give the “Speak” command with the hand signal. As your dog begins to bark I want you to now give a “Quiet” command. Be sure to not yell it, just firmly say it. You’ve taught your dog to bark on cue so it’s a controlled bark. This will make it easier for them to stop when you give the “Quiet” command. If they keep barking just wait them out till they stop. Trust me they’ll stop much quicker with the trained “Speak” command. Once they’ve stopped barking wait a couple seconds then pay them. It’s very important to wait these couple seconds afterwards because this will teach the dog that they’re getting paid for being quiet, not for barking. Everyday try and add a second or two of silence before you pay them. Within a week you should be up to a good 10-15 seconds.", "You’re gonna repeat this process several times a day for a week. This will lock it in their memory bank for good. The more you do this the better they’ll get at the quiet command. When the doorbell rings they’ll most likely start barking again but now you have a command to combat that unwanted behavior. It’s a little trickier with a doorbell and it won’t go as seamlessly but it’ll definitely be a huge help and make the problem at least 80% better. Some dogs will take much longer as their habit is often ingrained into their system but patience wins the game in training.", "As always the details are what make any training technique so effective. First of all having a dog well trained in basic obedience makes this process much easier. If you have a dog that’s out of control in all areas this might be a tough one for them. Also don’t spend more than 10-15 minute sessions training this. Take breaks after 15 minutes and pick it up again in an hour or two. Overtraining is never good for a dog. In my experience dogs learn much better with short sessions every couple hours rather than long sessions once a day. Also be sure once they begin to really grasp the technique to slowly ween them off of the treats. Once they’re keeping quiet every time you give the command I want you to reward them with a treat 4 of 5 times making sure the last one of the 5 is always rewarded. This ends it on a positive note and they’ll wanna do it again next time. Then a few days later 3 of 5, and so on and so forth till the treats are out of the equation and it’s a trained behavior for the dog. Also don’t yell the “Quiet” command. You don’t wanna get into the game of having to raise your voice every time you ask your animal to do something. This is always the most difficult part for people because they want instant silence when they train this. The first few sessions it might take your dog 20 seconds or longer to quiet down. This is the game of patience when training. Wait them out and that 20 seconds will turn into 2 seconds in no time at all. Keep a steady head and take your time. Try it out with your dog and let me know how it goes. Ruff.", "When you have them on the leash by the door to start the speak exercise, do you have them in a down or sit and stay?", "Hi, we have a Schnauzer that barks at everything, animals in the yard, wind blowing leaves, doorbells, etc. We taught him speak when he was just a puppy. So he does that already on command. How would we do quiet now? Also how do you break marking, perhaps you can write an article about it. We have tried everything. He is 9 years old now.", "have you thought of giving hug I do that with my snauzer when he greets me at door I grab him tight on underarms and he is good and accepts my hug then he runs into house after that.", "Hello. I also have a Schnauzer that we have had for 5 yrs now. He is 5 and 1/2 yrs old, We started out teaching him the word “NO”. And with this he knows that with that word he is to cease whatever it is he is doing. Schnauzers are very intelligent dogs and the key to them and any dog is consistence. My dog now understands many words and commands.", "@ Eve it won’t matter. Most likely they’ll be facing the door and that’s where you begin teaching the “Speak” command. @ Wendy, the way to teach him quiet is all in the blog. Wait them out and reward. Patience game.", "I’m going to try this. I’ve tried everything with my dog. He’s a 9-1/2 year old, 15 pound Yorkie with a mind of his own. Over his lifetime, he’s been to eight different obedience classes. Nothing has worked. I even tried a suggestion I saw on your show using pennies in an empty water bottle. Nothing has worked. Love, love, love my dog, but the barking bothers me and everyone else (especially the neighbors).", "There was plenty of dilemmas in recent years with my own doggie, i dreamed of him to listen to me, i discovered many quality tips in this web site.", "I trained my puppy to sit long time ago and wrkoed Well but he doesn’t obey when we call him. If he is to exited while playing he probably come but most of time when we call him he stops one foot away and gives us like a suspicious look and stays there even when we have his favorites treats", "At the end of the experiment, check which team has the maximum number of accurate drawings and conclude yoour hypothesis. A new free online zoo game from Bigpoint, Zoomumba also offers players the chllenge to run their own zooo by building habitats, buying animals, and then breeding and cariing for thewm while appeasing visitors. Another great thing about online games is thazt youu get to interact with other gamers.", "sounds good except my dogs dont bark at the sound of the door bell. But they bark their heads off at every dog & person they see when they are out in the yard.", "Some dogs (not mine, of course, oh nooo!) bark up a storm while their owners are away, when there is no one to correct them (maybe that’s their intent). How do quiet-loving neighbors, especially those with dogs that like to sing along with the woeful “orphan” next door, keep their own sanity? We can convince our dogs to shush via your technique of “Quiet,” but what can we do about the poor yowling dog next door, and all the other neighbors banging on the walls? The owners wring their hands and say they don’t know what to do. Some help, please. Thanks. And Brandon, keep on Whispering! 🙂", "My dog has been attacked by two other dogs in the neighborhood while on our daily walks. One of the dogs greeted him the doggie way, sniffed him nose to nose and bit him in the face. The other dog went into a submissive pose on the sidewalk when he saw my dog coming, when Boomer got up to the dog the dog attached him, Another time this same dog got out of his collar and ran down the block to battle my dog. He is now 6 and is a very social Cocker Spaniel. However since the attacks having him on a leash around other dogs is a nightmare, he wants to go to battle. The odd thing is I send him to doggie daycare and he is fine around other dogs. I have tried standing in front of him so he cannot see the other dog and hold his face up to look at me while the other dog is in the area and tried treating, no luck. If these other dogs walk by the house and he is inside he just goes insane runs back and forth to the window and barks like crazy. I know he is feeling trapped on the leash now I just do not know how to help him be more comfortable around the other dogs. Do you have any tips? Thanks Carol", "I have three Dogs a Minuter Dachshund a Shih Tzu and a half Shih Tzu and bichon. They bark at the Neighbors and there dogs every time they are in there back yard. What can I do to train them so when there in the back yard they won’t bark?", "they are a handful it is a challenge to even snip nails they just go for my thumbs then taking them to the groomer get them done. Any tips", "Is it possible to train two young dogs at the same time? I have two 2-year old puggles and teaching them commands is very difficult. I take each outside separately and try to train them, but the minute they are together it’s like I didn’t accomplish anything. I did get them to stay; but only if they knew they would get a treat afterwards. If I don’t have any treat to give them, that command means nothing. They seem to be too smart for their own good or I’m just not as smart as they are.", "I’m struggling with excessive attention seeking barking when I come he from work. Will this quiet command help with that? Or do I need to train something else to teach them patience. If I greet my maltipoo she still jumps and barks unless I spend every moment with her for the first half hour I am home. Or If I try to wait for her to be calm she never stops. It interupts the calm my wife has in the house and wakes the Baby. Help", "Brandon, apparently we schnauzer owners need extra help in this area. I’m sure we’d all love to see you do this one on video. I have two mini schnauzers we adopted from rescues four years ago. Both are females, one is 9 and the other is 5. The 9 year old is awful about this! When I say HUSH! the 5 year old will at least attempt to be quiet... then she will whine at, instead of bark, when she sees the squirrel sticking his tongue out at her as he runs across the yard. But they both go absolutely berserk when anyone rings our doorbell. And if anyone is actually standing there when I open the door, they get so loud that I can’t even have a conversation through the screen door because they are both going crazy barking! I will try your Bark on command/Quiet technique, but I’d really love to see this one done in action... you can even “borrow” mine! 🙂 We love your show and watch every week. Thanks so much for all you do in the animal kingdom!", "Dear Brandon, The above situations do not help much because Lola is out side a lot and has a lot to bark at. The problem She is mostly hound and her bark is not much more than others but her voice is louder and higher than The others. I live in Costa Rica and would so much like to talk to you. Love your program and now what You mean when you say your mission is....Blessings, Valerie", "is there a recent that you can’t teach the quiet command when they start barking on their own? Why do i need to to teach them to speak first?", "Brandon, my wife and I love your show and have picked up some great tips on helping to train ourselves as well as our dog. We recently adopted a 1 year old beagle with little to no training. He is really sweet and incredibly quick at picking things up. He has a really good sit, stay, down, come, and gets better with off every day. From our understanding, he was left for long periods of time in a crate/alone in a house. Like most beagles he is very vocal about what he wants and we have broken him of the habit of begging. However, every time we leave the house, even for 5 minutes, he gets anxious and scratches at the door baying and howling frantically. We have tried patiently working with some of the techniques you’ve used on some of the dogs on the lucky dog show (such as ignoring with the door closed, treating when quiet, and increasing the intervals). But we can’t seem to get him past 10 minutes alone, which is problematic when my wife and I have to go to work. We go on long runs in the morning and go hiking in the evening, and when we can we take him to a nearby bark park. Not sure what else to do to help our little buddy. Any tips?", "I saw on your show that you can use the pennies in a bottle technique to teach the quiet command. Is this a better way? I’ve already started training him with the pennies, so I’m concerned I’m doing it wrong.", "Another schnauzer owner here and also a mixed breed/rescue dog. We live on 1/2 acre and both of my dogs bolt out the door first thing in the morning and start barking immediately looking for the neighbor’s dog or squirrels. They stop after about 30 seconds, but by then I’m sure the neighbors are up as well as my family. How do I stop this?", "My dogs bolt out the back door first thing in the morning and bark for about 30 seconds and then stop. By then they have woken up our neighbors as well as my family. I’m sure they are getting their first blast of energy after sleeping in crates all night but it’s fairly early and I’m worried my neighbors will get upset. Then they just chase squirrels and bark at the pool cleaner all day. (mini schnauzer & mutt (rescue – westie/dachshund/jack russell). Sometimes have to close my blinds so they can’t look out the window. Help!!", "[...] “Quiet Command.” This command is an old, but useful, training command. The “quiet” command also comes in handy with an excessive barker. Teaching the quiet command may seem backwards. [...]", "[...] verbal and nonverbal commands is essential for any dog owner. Many dog owners use the command “no bark” or “quiet.” [...]", "[...] you can train your dog to respond to the command, “quiet” you should be able to use it when you need them to be quiet. This training can take a lot of time [...]", "Hi, I have a chihuahua , sheis 2 1/2 years. she does the following, sit stay come( heel when we are walking,) go to place , play dead , sit pretty, she always wants to learn. she does not pull on the leash with the exception of when she encounters another dog, she wants to kill yes kill and barks with her high pitch voice. I work at a pet store ( we do not sell any animals and I bring her. she is behind the counter and when someone approaches the counter it is crazy she wants to kill. please help me I do believe that she is anxious and i do not know how to handle. I sometimes go to dog training classes to socialize her and it does not work however if i leave her loose all is good. I know that she is territorial and wants to protect me( my fault I held her too high) can you give me suggestion i am the type that practices and works very hard to help her. thank you" ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Teach Your Dog To Be Quiet On Command... | Brandon McMillan's Canine\nMinded\n\nBrandon McMillan's Canine Minded | How To Teach Your Dog To Be Quiet On\nCommand...\n\n473\n\nsingle,single-post,postid-473,single-format-\nstandard,ajax_fade,page_not_loaded,,qode-child-theme-ver-1.0.0,qode-theme-\nver-9.3,wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-4.12,vc_responsive\n\n# How To Teach Your Dog To Be Quiet On Command...\n\n##\n\n01 Jul\n\nHow To Teach Your Dog To Be Quiet On Command...\n\nPosted at 16:51h in Uncategorized by Brandon McMillan 33 Comments\n\n22 Likes\n\nShare\n\nDogs bark. We all know this and most people with excessive barking dogs just\ntune out the fact their dog is barking out of control. Dogs bark for different\nreasons. Some want attention while others are being protective. Whatever the\ncase an excessive barking dog is never fun. Now it’s completely normal for a\ndog to bark when the doorbell rings or there’s a commotion at the house. This\nis just the dog utilizing its natural protective instincts. But there’s a way\nto instantly get them to stop on command. This is something I learned while\ntraining dogs for television and commercials. Believe it or not the best way\nto get a dog to be quiet on command is teach them to bark on command. Most\npeople think I’m crazy when I say this but then I explain it, properly execute\nit and it works like a charm. Let’s break this down...\n\nFirst thing’s first; You’ll need a bag of treats. Something they like and also\nbe sure they’re hungry. I’d even recommend working them for their diet with\nthis one.\n\nSecond you’re gonna attach them to a leash. You know what I always say about\nmy 3 rules of training: Control, Train, Treat. It’s the foundation of my\ntraining. We cannot train until we have control. A leash is usually the\nsimplest and most effective form of control. Now hold that leash in your hand\nwhile training this technique. This will not only make things easier for you\nbut it’ll keep your dog in a steady position while training.\n\nNext you’re gonna need to teach your dog to bark on command. Let’s call it a\n“Speak” command. This isn’t too difficult with excessive barkers. All you need\nto know is what triggers them off and you can teach them in a matter of\nminutes. A knock or a doorbell is a common one. Here’s how we do this: Go to\nthe door and crack it open just enough where your arm can either ring the\ndoorbell or knock. Ring the doorbell and or knock on the door. Your dog will\ninstantly start barking. From there you’re going to stand between them and the\ndoor and give a “Speak” command while giving a hand signal. Make your hand\nsignal something distinctive like your pointer finger waiving left and right\nin the air. While your dog is barking give them a treat but don’t praise them.\n\nNext you want to repeat this process several times over the next couple hours.\nThis will lock in the “Speak” command. Now you’ve given them structure with\ntheir bad habit. You’ve simply changed their game into your game. Keep\npracticing this technique till your dog is speaking on command with just a\nverbal command and hand signal only. Now it’s time to add the most important\nstep...\n\nBy now your dog should be responding to the “Speak” command on cue with no\ndoorbell/knock. Most dogs pick it up within an hour or so. Some sooner, some\nmight take a while to get it. It’s vital to make sure they grasp the “Speak”\ncommand before moving on in the process. Go ahead and give the “Speak” command\nwith the hand signal. As your dog begins to bark I want you to now give a\n“Quiet” command. Be sure to not yell it, just firmly say it. You’ve taught\nyour dog to bark on cue so it’s a controlled bark. This will make it easier\nfor them to stop when you give the “Quiet” command. If they keep barking just\nwait them out till they stop. Trust me they’ll stop much quicker with the\ntrained “Speak” command. Once they’ve stopped barking wait a couple seconds\nthen pay them. It’s very important to wait these couple seconds afterwards\nbecause this will teach the dog that they’re getting paid for being quiet, not\nfor barking. Everyday try and add a second or two of silence before you pay\nthem. Within a week you should be up to a good 10-15 seconds.\n\nYou’re gonna repeat this process several times a day for a week. This will\nlock it in their memory bank for good. The more you do this the better they’ll\nget at the quiet command. When the doorbell rings they’ll most likely start\nbarking again but now you have a command to combat that unwanted behavior.\nIt’s a little trickier with a doorbell and it won’t go as seamlessly but it’ll\ndefinitely be a huge help and make the problem at least 80% better. Some dogs\nwill take much longer as their habit is often ingrained into their system but\npatience wins the game in training.\n\nAs always the details are what make any training technique so effective. First\nof all having a dog well trained in basic obedience makes this process much\neasier. If you have a dog that’s out of control in all areas this might be a\ntough one for them. Also don’t spend more than 10-15 minute sessions training\nthis. Take breaks after 15 minutes and pick it up again in an hour or two.\nOvertraining is never good for a dog. In my experience dogs learn much better\nwith short sessions every couple hours rather than long sessions once a day.\nAlso be sure once they begin to really grasp the technique to slowly ween them\noff of the treats. Once they’re keeping quiet every time you give the command\nI want you to reward them with a treat 4 of 5 times making sure the last one\nof the 5 is always rewarded. This ends it on a positive note and they’ll wanna\ndo it again next time. Then a few days later 3 of 5, and so on and so forth\ntill the treats are out of the equation and it’s a trained behavior for the\ndog. Also don’t yell the “Quiet” command. You don’t wanna get into the game of\nhaving to raise your voice every time you ask your animal to do something.\nThis is always the most difficult part for people because they want instant\nsilence when they train this. The first few sessions it might take your dog 20\nseconds or longer to quiet down. This is the game of patience when training.\nWait them out and that 20 seconds will turn into 2 seconds in no time at all.\nKeep a steady head and take your time. Try it out with your dog and let me\nknow how it goes. Ruff.\n\n– Brandon\n\n##### 33 Comments\n\n * ##### Eve\n\nPosted at 22:23h, 01 July Reply\n\nWhen you have them on the leash by the door to start the speak exercise, do\nyou have them in a down or sit and stay?\n\n * ##### Wendy\n\nPosted at 14:36h, 02 July Reply\n\nHi, we have a Schnauzer that barks at everything, animals in the yard, wind\nblowing leaves, doorbells, etc. We taught him speak when he was just a puppy.\nSo he does that already on command. How would we do quiet now? Also how do you\nbreak marking, perhaps you can write an article about it. We have tried\neverything. He is 9 years old now.\n\n * ##### Josie Bashir patient 4 mini dog owner\n\nPosted at 18:33h, 04 July Reply\n\nhave you thought of giving hug I do that with my snauzer when he greets me at\ndoor I grab him tight on underarms and he is good and accepts my hug then he\nruns into house after that.\n\n * ##### Brenda\n\nPosted at 09:01h, 03 July Reply\n\nHello. I also have a Schnauzer that we have had for 5 yrs now. He is 5 and 1/2\nyrs old, We started out teaching him the word “NO”. And with this he knows\nthat with that word he is to cease whatever it is he is doing. Schnauzers are\nvery intelligent dogs and the key to them and any dog is consistence. My dog\nnow understands many words and commands.\n\n * ##### Brandon McMillan\n\nPosted at 16:07h, 03 July Reply\n\n@ Eve it won’t matter. Most likely they’ll be facing the door and that’s where\nyou begin teaching the “Speak” command. @ Wendy, the way to teach him quiet is\nall in the blog. Wait them out and reward. Patience game.\n\n * ##### Diane\n\nPosted at 12:08h, 25 January Reply\n\nI’m going to try this. I’ve tried everything with my dog. He’s a 9-1/2 year\nold, 15 pound Yorkie with a mind of his own. Over his lifetime, he’s been to\neight different obedience classes. Nothing has worked. I even tried a\nsuggestion I saw on your show using pennies in an empty water bottle. Nothing\nhas worked. Love, love, love my dog, but the barking bothers me and everyone\nelse (especially the neighbors).\n\n * ##### Puppies Class\n\nPosted at 13:04h, 21 March Reply\n\nThere was plenty of dilemmas in recent years with my own doggie, i dreamed of\nhim to listen to me, i discovered many quality tips in this web site.\n\n * ##### Jesus\n\nPosted at 03:12h, 19 February Reply\n\nI trained my puppy to sit long time ago and wrkoed Well but he doesn’t obey\nwhen we call him. If he is to exited while playing he probably come but most\nof time when we call him he stops one foot away and gives us like a suspicious\nlook and stays there even when we have his favorites treats\n\n * ##### animal games la banderita\n\nPosted at 03:37h, 03 April Reply\n\nAt the end of the experiment, check which team has the maximum number of\naccurate drawings and conclude yoour hypothesis. A new free online zoo game\nfrom Bigpoint, Zoomumba also offers players the chllenge to run their own zooo\nby building habitats, buying animals, and then breeding and cariing for thewm\nwhile appeasing visitors. Another great thing about online games is thazt youu\nget to interact with other gamers.\n\n * ##### Matthew Hayden\n\nPosted at 12:39h, 05 April Reply\n\nWould like to know how to quiet barking on command... he is small breed .\n\n * ##### Carol Rooney\n\nPosted at 17:20h, 07 April Reply\n\nsounds good except my dogs dont bark at the sound of the door bell. But they\nbark their heads off at every dog & person they see when they are out in the\nyard.\n\n * ##### Janis\n\nPosted at 21:01h, 12 May Reply\n\nSome dogs (not mine, of course, oh nooo!) bark up a storm while their owners\nare away, when there is no one to correct them (maybe that’s their intent).\nHow do quiet-loving neighbors, especially those with dogs that like to sing\nalong with the woeful “orphan” next door, keep their own sanity? We can\nconvince our dogs to shush via your technique of “Quiet,” but what can we do\nabout the poor yowling dog next door, and all the other neighbors banging on\nthe walls? The owners wring their hands and say they don’t know what to do.\nSome help, please. Thanks. And Brandon, keep on Whispering! 🙂\n\n * ##### Carol Cushing\n\nPosted at 13:16h, 31 May Reply\n\nMy dog has been attacked by two other dogs in the neighborhood while on our\ndaily walks. One of the dogs greeted him the doggie way, sniffed him nose to\nnose and bit him in the face. The other dog went into a submissive pose on the\nsidewalk when he saw my dog coming, when Boomer got up to the dog the dog\nattached him, Another time this same dog got out of his collar and ran down\nthe block to battle my dog. He is now 6 and is a very social Cocker Spaniel.\nHowever since the attacks having him on a leash around other dogs is a\nnightmare, he wants to go to battle. The odd thing is I send him to doggie\ndaycare and he is fine around other dogs. I have tried standing in front of\nhim so he cannot see the other dog and hold his face up to look at me while\nthe other dog is in the area and tried treating, no luck. If these other dogs\nwalk by the house and he is inside he just goes insane runs back and forth to\nthe window and barks like crazy. I know he is feeling trapped on the leash now\nI just do not know how to help him be more comfortable around the other dogs.\nDo you have any tips? Thanks Carol\n\n * ##### Joleen\n\nPosted at 13:46h, 20 June Reply\n\nI have three Dogs a Minuter Dachshund a Shih Tzu and a half Shih Tzu and\nbichon. They bark at the Neighbors and there dogs every time they are in there\nback yard. What can I do to train them so when there in the back yard they\nwon’t bark?\n\n * ##### Josie Bashir patient 4 mini dog owner\n\nPosted at 18:25h, 04 July Reply\n\nthey are a handful it is a challenge to even snip nails they just go for my\nthumbs then taking them to the groomer get them done. Any tips\n\n * ##### Charlene\n\nPosted at 19:53h, 18 August Reply\n\nIs it possible to train two young dogs at the same time? I have two 2-year old\npuggles and teaching them commands is very difficult. I take each outside\nseparately and try to train them, but the minute they are together it’s like I\ndidn’t accomplish anything. I did get them to stay; but only if they knew they\nwould get a treat afterwards. If I don’t have any treat to give them, that\ncommand means nothing. They seem to be too smart for their own good or I’m\njust not as smart as they are.\n\nAny suggestions besides permanently separating them?\n\n * ##### Mary\n\nPosted at 01:47h, 09 September Reply\n\nHow do I go about this training with 3 dogs?\n\n * ##### Sam Bracken\n\nPosted at 22:49h, 09 September Reply\n\nI’m struggling with excessive attention seeking barking when I come he from\nwork. Will this quiet command help with that? Or do I need to train something\nelse to teach them patience. If I greet my maltipoo she still jumps and barks\nunless I spend every moment with her for the first half hour I am home. Or If\nI try to wait for her to be calm she never stops. It interupts the calm my\nwife has in the house and wakes the Baby. Help\n\n * ##### Charlene\n\nPosted at 03:23h, 08 December Reply\n\nBrandon, apparently we schnauzer owners need extra help in this area. I’m sure\nwe’d all love to see you do this one on video. I have two mini schnauzers we\nadopted from rescues four years ago. Both are females, one is 9 and the other\nis 5. The 9 year old is awful about this! When I say HUSH! the 5 year old will\nat least attempt to be quiet... then she will whine at, instead of bark, when\nshe sees the squirrel sticking his tongue out at her as he runs across the\nyard. But they both go absolutely berserk when anyone rings our doorbell. And\nif anyone is actually standing there when I open the door, they get so loud\nthat I can’t even have a conversation through the screen door because they are\nboth going crazy barking! I will try your Bark on command/Quiet technique, but\nI’d really love to see this one done in action... you can even “borrow” mine!\n🙂 We love your show and watch every week. Thanks so much for all you do in the\nanimal kingdom!\n\n * ##### Valerie Eschuk\n\nPosted at 00:16h, 13 January Reply\n\nDear Brandon, The above situations do not help much because Lola is out side a\nlot and has a lot to bark at. The problem She is mostly hound and her bark is\nnot much more than others but her voice is louder and higher than The others.\nI live in Costa Rica and would so much like to talk to you. Love your program\nand now what You mean when you say your mission is....Blessings, Valerie\n\n * ##### Marie\n\nPosted at 01:34h, 18 January Reply\n\nMy dogs never quiet down on command....how do I get them to be quiet\n\n * ##### Mike\n\nPosted at 22:20h, 22 February Reply\n\nis there a recent that you can’t teach the quiet command when they start\nbarking on their own? Why do i need to to teach them to speak first?\n\n * ##### Nicholas Montes\n\nPosted at 21:19h, 15 July Reply\n\nBrandon, my wife and I love your show and have picked up some great tips on\nhelping to train ourselves as well as our dog. We recently adopted a 1 year\nold beagle with little to no training. He is really sweet and incredibly quick\nat picking things up. He has a really good sit, stay, down, come, and gets\nbetter with off every day. From our understanding, he was left for long\nperiods of time in a crate/alone in a house. Like most beagles he is very\nvocal about what he wants and we have broken him of the habit of begging.\nHowever, every time we leave the house, even for 5 minutes, he gets anxious\nand scratches at the door baying and howling frantically. We have tried\npatiently working with some of the techniques you’ve used on some of the dogs\non the lucky dog show (such as ignoring with the door closed, treating when\nquiet, and increasing the intervals). But we can’t seem to get him past 10\nminutes alone, which is problematic when my wife and I have to go to work. We\ngo on long runs in the morning and go hiking in the evening, and when we can\nwe take him to a nearby bark park. Not sure what else to do to help our little\nbuddy. Any tips?\n\n * ##### Lindsay borden\n\nPosted at 23:17h, 29 September Reply\n\nI saw on your show that you can use the pennies in a bottle technique to teach\nthe quiet command. Is this a better way? I’ve already started training him\nwith the pennies, so I’m concerned I’m doing it wrong.\n\n * ##### Is a Bark Collar a Good Idea?: Tips for Dealing with Frequent Barking – Lovin My Pup\n\nPosted at 21:23h, 08 December Reply\n\n[...] them for being quiet. As soon as your dog stops barking, give them lots\nof praise and [...]\n\n * ##### Theresa Willcox\n\nPosted at 15:49h, 12 February Reply\n\nAnother schnauzer owner here and also a mixed breed/rescue dog. We live on 1/2\nacre and both of my dogs bolt out the door first thing in the morning and\nstart barking immediately looking for the neighbor’s dog or squirrels. They\nstop after about 30 seconds, but by then I’m sure the neighbors are up as well\nas my family. How do I stop this?\n\n * ##### Theresa Willcox\n\nPosted at 15:54h, 12 February Reply\n\nMy dogs bolt out the back door first thing in the morning and bark for about\n30 seconds and then stop. By then they have woken up our neighbors as well as\nmy family. I’m sure they are getting their first blast of energy after\nsleeping in crates all night but it’s fairly early and I’m worried my\nneighbors will get upset. Then they just chase squirrels and bark at the pool\ncleaner all day. (mini schnauzer & mutt (rescue – westie/dachshund/jack\nrussell). Sometimes have to close my blinds so they can’t look out the window.\nHelp!!\n\n * ##### Do Pomskies Bark? | Cute Pomsky\n\nPosted at 09:03h, 05 April Reply\n\n[...] “Quiet Command.” This command is an old, but useful, training command.\nThe “quiet” command also comes in handy with an excessive barker. Teaching the\nquiet command may seem backwards. [...]\n\n * ##### Why Dogs Bark and How to Stop Dogs From Barking – Pets Principle\n\nPosted at 15:23h, 03 May Reply\n\n[...] verbal and nonverbal commands is essential for any dog owner. Many dog\nowners use the command “no bark” or “quiet.” [...]\n\n * ##### Anonymous\n\nPosted at 06:48h, 26 June Reply\n\nWendy needs to read the article again 🙁\n\n * ##### Dara Marina\n\nPosted at 04:18h, 26 September Reply\n\nThis is such a helpful post for me. Thanks for sharing us.\n\n * ##### How You Can Train Dogs To Stop Barking - Teaching Labradors and All Breeds of Canines\n\nPosted at 17:49h, 21 October Reply\n\n[...] you can train your dog to respond to the command, “quiet” you should be\nable to use it when you need them to be quiet. This training can take a lot of\ntime [...]\n\n * ##### Donna Lynn Meunier\n\nPosted at 21:20h, 24 October Reply\n\nHi, I have a chihuahua , sheis 2 1/2 years. she does the following, sit stay\ncome( heel when we are walking,) go to place , play dead , sit pretty, she\nalways wants to learn. she does not pull on the leash with the exception of\nwhen she encounters another dog, she wants to kill yes kill and barks with her\nhigh pitch voice. I work at a pet store ( we do not sell any animals and I\nbring her. she is behind the counter and when someone approaches the counter\nit is crazy she wants to kill. please help me I do believe that she is anxious\nand i do not know how to handle. I sometimes go to dog training classes to\nsocialize her and it does not work however if i leave her loose all is good. I\nknow that she is territorial and wants to protect me( my fault I held her too\nhigh) can you give me suggestion i am the type that practices and works very\nhard to help her. thank you\n\nDonna Lynn\n\n##### Post A Comment\n\nCancel Reply\n\n[custom-facebook-feed]\n\nPlease enter a User ID on the Instagram Feed plugin Settings page\n\nPlease enter an Access Token on the Instagram Feed plugin Settings page\n\nTweets by @BrandonMcMillan\n\n##### Latest Dog Training Tips\n\n * Understanding Your Breed’s Origins March 1, 2018\n * Mental Dog Training March 14, 2016\n * How to Gain Control of your Out of Control Dog February 5, 2016\n\n©2016 Brandon McMillan Canine Minded. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.dogtrainingnation.com:80/dog-training-clients/dog-friendly-restaurant-etiquette/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191028165401/http://www.dogtrainingnation.com:80/dog-training-clients/dog-friendly-restaurant-etiquette/", "parsed_text": { "title": "6 Tips For Dining In Dog-Friendly Restaurants", "passages": [ "Dog-friendly restaurants are popping up everywhere, and many are now offering outdoor seating for pet owners and their dogs. Enjoying a scrumptious meal while relaxing at a restaurant with your dog is a privilege, so proper dog restaurant etiquette is a must.", "When dining at dog-friendly restaurants, keep your dog on a short leash that’s preferably 4 feet long. Short dog leashes prevent dogs from bugging nearby guests while they eat, snatching fallen food crumbs from nearby tables, or jumping on tables and servers. While it’s tempting to tie your dog’s leash to your chair or table, it’s best to attach it to yourself instead.", "For smaller dogs, tie the handle around your belt loop or wrist. For larger dogs, I’d recommend attaching the handle of your dog’s leash to your belt. Unbuckle your belt and slide your belt through the leash handle, and then refasten your belt. If this is too complicated, try waist belts or simply hold your dog’s leash with one hand.", "Barking dogs will be asked to leave. If your dog barks at people or dogs, it’s best to keep him at home. Some dogs are uncomfortable in fast-paced environments even if they’re dog-friendly places. They end up hiding under chairs. Movement can scare some dogs too, especially when guests or servers walk toward your table. If, at any time, your dog becomes fearful, worried, stressed or vocal, ask your server to box your meal up to go. It’s the right thing to do for your dog. 🙂", "Dogs should sit quietly near their pet owners and relax while waiting at dog- friendly restaurants. This is tough for most dogs though because they easily get excited around people. Before going to a dog-friendly restaurant, make sure he’s able to “sit,” “down” and “stay” on cue in high distraction areas.", "Additionally, your dog shouldn’t jump up on people or pull on leash. Teaching polite manners around myriad distractions may take years before a dog is comfortable enough to relax in a restaurant. Practice, practice and practice some more before expecting your dog to sit quietly for an hour. Start slow by popping into a dog-friendly cafe and practice “settle” while waiting for your order.", "Dogs get thirsty, so bring along a collapsible water bowl. Ask your server for a glass of water, and pour it into your dog’s bowl. Place your dog’s bowl under your table to avoid guests’ feet or your dog from knocking it over. Replenish water as necessary, especially on warm days.", "Most dog-friendly restaurants offer outdoor seating for pet owners and dogs, so choose a quiet location. Ask for a table off in a corner and away from high traffic areas. Remember, not all guests like dogs, and many may startle when seeing a dog in their path. Additionally, a quiet location prevents guests and servers from stepping on your dog, and provides a nice place for your dog to truly relax.", "Expecting a dog to sit quietly for an hour around food, noise and fast-moving people in a strange location is impossible. Bring plenty of high-value chew toys or food stuffed toys for your dog to enjoy. Bully sticks are a great high value treat that will keep your dog busy for 10-20 minutes, depending on your dog’s chewing style. If your dog refuses to chew or lick high value treats, he may be nervous. When in doubt, ask the server to box your food up to go.", "As pet owners, we represent all pet owners. Take your time and teach your dog how to politely react in a restaurant environment. It will make us all look good! 🙂", "Filed Under: Clients, Resources, Training Tagged With: dog friendly restaurant etiquette, dog friendly restaurants, dog training, Dog Training Tips, how to teach a dog, how to train a dog, pets in restaurants, should you bring your dog to a restaurant, teaching a dog, tips for bringing dog to restaurants, training a dog", "Dog Training Nation is a community of dog trainers, dog owners and dog lovers. Our mission is to provide trainers and owners valuable information to enrich dogs' lives. We cover a range of topics, from socializing puppies to dealing with aggressive dog behavior to selecting the best dog products. It is our hope you share our content to make the dog and owner world a better place.", "lovers. We cover a range of topics from puppy socialization tips to dog aggression to dog health. It is our hope you share our content to make the world a better place for dogs." ] }, "parsed_md": "6 Tips For Dining In Dog-Friendly Restaurants | Dog Training Nation\n\nDog Training Nation\n\nIn Dogs We Trust\n\nYou are here: Home / Clients / 6 Tips For Dining In Dog-Friendly Restaurants\n\n# 6 Tips For Dining In Dog-Friendly Restaurants\n\nDecember 28, 2016 By Fanna Easter\n\n# Dog-Friendly Restaurant Etiquette\n\nIPGGutenbergUKLtd/iStock\n\nDog-friendly restaurants are popping up everywhere, and many are now offering\noutdoor seating for pet owners and their dogs. Enjoying a scrumptious meal\nwhile relaxing at a restaurant with your dog is a privilege, so proper dog\nrestaurant etiquette is a must.\n\n## 1\\. Leashed Dogs Only\n\nWhen dining at dog-friendly restaurants, keep your dog on a short leash that’s\npreferably 4 feet long. Short dog leashes prevent dogs from bugging nearby\nguests while they eat, snatching fallen food crumbs from nearby tables, or\njumping on tables and servers. While it’s tempting to tie your dog’s leash to\nyour chair or table, it’s best to attach it to yourself instead.\n\nFor smaller dogs, tie the handle around your belt loop or wrist. For larger\ndogs, I’d recommend attaching the handle of your dog’s leash to your belt.\nUnbuckle your belt and slide your belt through the leash handle, and then\nrefasten your belt. If this is too complicated, try waist belts or simply hold\nyour dog’s leash with one hand.\n\n## 2\\. No Barking Please\n\nBarking dogs will be asked to leave. If your dog barks at people or dogs, it’s\nbest to keep him at home. Some dogs are uncomfortable in fast-paced\nenvironments even if they’re dog-friendly places. They end up hiding under\nchairs. Movement can scare some dogs too, especially when guests or servers\nwalk toward your table. If, at any time, your dog becomes fearful, worried,\nstressed or vocal, ask your server to box your meal up to go. It’s the right\nthing to do for your dog. 🙂\n\n## 3\\. Polite Manners are a Must\n\nDogs should sit quietly near their pet owners and relax while waiting at dog-\nfriendly restaurants. This is tough for most dogs though because they easily\nget excited around people. Before going to a dog-friendly restaurant, make\nsure he’s able to “sit,” “down” and “stay” on cue in high distraction areas.\n\nAdditionally, your dog shouldn’t jump up on people or pull on leash. Teaching\npolite manners around myriad distractions may take years before a dog is\ncomfortable enough to relax in a restaurant. Practice, practice and practice\nsome more before expecting your dog to sit quietly for an hour. Start slow by\npopping into a dog-friendly cafe and practice “settle” while waiting for your\norder.\n\n## 4\\. Bring a Portable Water Bowl\n\nDogs get thirsty, so bring along a collapsible water bowl. Ask your server for\na glass of water, and pour it into your dog’s bowl. Place your dog’s bowl\nunder your table to avoid guests’ feet or your dog from knocking it over.\nReplenish water as necessary, especially on warm days.\n\nRELATED: Dogs Die in Hot Cars\n\n## 5\\. Choose a Quiet Location\n\nMost dog-friendly restaurants offer outdoor seating for pet owners and dogs,\nso choose a quiet location. Ask for a table off in a corner and away from high\ntraffic areas. Remember, not all guests like dogs, and many may startle when\nseeing a dog in their path. Additionally, a quiet location prevents guests and\nservers from stepping on your dog, and provides a nice place for your dog to\ntruly relax.\n\n## 6\\. Keep Your Dog Busy\n\nExpecting a dog to sit quietly for an hour around food, noise and fast-moving\npeople in a strange location is impossible. Bring plenty of high-value chew\ntoys or food stuffed toys for your dog to enjoy. Bully sticks are a great high\nvalue treat that will keep your dog busy for 10-20 minutes, depending on your\ndog’s chewing style. If your dog refuses to chew or lick high value treats, he\nmay be nervous. When in doubt, ask the server to box your food up to go.\n\nAs pet owners, we represent all pet owners. Take your time and teach your dog\nhow to politely react in a restaurant environment. It will make us all look\ngood! 🙂\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * 4 Ways To Prepare Your Dog For Holiday Parties\n * Leash Corrections & Leash Pops Don’t Work\n * New Year’s Resolutions For You And Your Dog\n * Training Your Dog Through An Interactive Dog Camera System\n\nFiled Under: Clients, Resources, Training Tagged With: dog friendly restaurant\netiquette, dog friendly restaurants, dog training, Dog Training Tips, how to\nteach a dog, how to train a dog, pets in restaurants, should you bring your\ndog to a restaurant, teaching a dog, tips for bringing dog to restaurants,\ntraining a dog\n\n#### About\n\nDog Training Nation is a community of dog trainers, dog owners and dog lovers.\nOur mission is to provide trainers and owners valuable information to enrich\ndogs' lives. We cover a range of topics, from socializing puppies to dealing\nwith aggressive dog behavior to selecting the best dog products. It is our\nhope you share our content to make the dog and owner world a better place.\n\n#### Connect With Us\n\n#### Facebook\n\n#### Video\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n## Announcement: Dog Training Nation Joins ABC\n\nFebruary 16, 2018 By Fanna Easter\n\n## High Tech Dog Toys To Keep Your Dog’s Brain Busy\n\nJanuary 25, 2018 By Fanna Easter\n\n## Stop Walking Your Aggressive Dog In Public\n\nJanuary 22, 2018 By Fanna Easter\n\n###### Dog Training Nation is a dog training blog for pet owners and dog\nlovers. We cover a range of topics from puppy socialization tips to dog\naggression to dog health. It is our hope you share our content to make the\nworld a better place for dogs.\n\n#### Dog Training Nation\n\n#### Quick Links\n\n##### Dog Training Dog Behavior Dog Training Videos Become a Dog Trainer About\nContact Us\n\nCopyright © 2019 · Dog Training Nation · Privacy Policy\n\n" } ]
594,174
How To Get Your Dog to Eat Dry Food
To get your dog to eat dry food, start by picking a food that has meat as the first ingredient. If your dog is used to you handing it human food, then try offering the kibble by hand to begin. You can also add a small amount of meat broth, cottage cheese, a bit of hard-boiled egg, or a tablespoon of pureed banana or pumpkin to the dry food to entice a picky eater. Additionally, cut out treats, only feed the dog twice daily at the same time, and set a time limit to get it used to a regular eating pattern.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20161214233614/http://pets.webmd.com:80/dogs/guide/when-your-dog-is-a-picky-eater?page=3", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210429160037/https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/dog-care/general-dog-care", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416101721/https://pets.webmd.com/dogs/guide/when-your-dog-is-a-picky-eater", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161210195358/http://pets.webmd.com:80/dogs/guide/when-your-dog-is-a-picky-eater?page=2" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://pets.webmd.com:80/dogs/guide/when-your-dog-is-a-picky-eater", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161214233614/http://pets.webmd.com:80/dogs/guide/when-your-dog-is-a-picky-eater?page=3", "parsed_text": { "title": "Dog Not Eating? Feeding Picky Eaters: Best Dog Foods", "passages": [ "Many illnesses could be why your dog refuses to eat. Even problems associated with old age, such as joint pain while walking to and from the bowl, could be the cause.", "“If your dog has always been a voracious eater, and is becoming more selective, go to the vet after about 48 hours,” Murray says.", "Tip 1: Start early. Before you bring a dog home, come up with a feeding plan. “You and your family need to sit down and decide what the rules will be,” Murray says. “And you must all be on the same page. If mom gives food off the plate, but dad plays by the rules, it won’t work.” If one family member is adamant about people food, then agree to mix in some healthy options, such as low-fat vegetables, with the kibble.", "Tip 2: Don’t feed from the table. Doling out table scraps will cause your dog to eschew dry or canned food and hold out for more salivating options. It can also cause health problems, such as pancreatitis. In addition, variety or changes to the diet may cause diarrhea, as well as reinforce the inappropriate behavior of begging.", "Tip 3: Keep dog food and people food separate. “Never let a dog associate your food with their food,” Hoppe says. “You have to keep it very separate. Otherwise they’ll start to think they can eat their food and their owner’s, too.” Your dog should only eat food out of his bowl, and should never see food as coming from your plate or from something you’re preparing for yourself.", "Tip 4: Stick to a schedule. Feed your puppy two to three times each day, as recommended by your vet. Gradually increase the volume of food as you decrease the frequency of feedings as your puppy matures. Your adult dog should be fed once or twice daily without leaving the food out more than a short period of time. To ensure equal portions for each serving, use a measuring cup. If you do choose to incorporate healthy people food, mix it into the kibble. Variety may be the spice of life for humans, but consistency is key for your canine." ] }, "parsed_md": "Dog Not Eating? Feeding Picky Eaters: Best Dog Foods\n\nSkip to content\n\nCheck Your Symptoms Find A Doctor Find Lowest Drug Prices\n\nSign In Sign UpSubscribe\n\n * My ProfileWelcome\n * * My Tools\n * My WebMD Pages\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\nSubscribe\n\nWebMD Home Healthy Pets Healthy Dogs Healthy Dogs Guide\n\nPrint Article\n\n# Healthy Dogs\n\n## Tools & Resources\n\n * How to Brush Your Dog's Teeth\n * Do You Kiss Your Dog?\n * Leash Training Your Dog\n * Never Feed Your Dog These\n * Facts About Fleas and Ticks\n * Longevity Tips for Dogs\n\nWebMD Feature Archive\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\n## When Your Dog Is a Picky Eater\n\nHow to get your canine to love dog food.\n\n(continued)\n\n### What if You Started on the Wrong Foot?\n\nIt’s never too late to start over, but if you want to transition your pup off\nthe filet mignon and sweets, and on to strictly canine fare, it’s best to take\nit one step at a time.\n\n“It’s going to be tough and require 100% compliance from the entire family,”\nMurray says. She suggests lessening people food and increasing dog food bit by\nbit every day until your pup is off human food entirely.\n\nWhile you are mixing foods, it’s best to use canned dog food as opposed to dry\nfood. That way, your pet can’t separate out and just eat the people food.\n\nIf your dog refuses to eat, he is likely holding out for people food, but it’s\nimportant to hold firm. “Just because he skips a few meals, don’t give in and\ngive him what he wants,” Hoppe says. “Leave the bowl out for 15 minutes, and\nif he’s not finished, take it away.” He’ll eventually choose dog food over no\nfood at all.\n\n### Make Sure You’re Giving Your Dog a Healthy Diet\n\nOccasionally the problem with a picky eater may be that he doesn’t like the\nbrand of food you’re giving him. Or it may be that he prefers canned food over\ndry or vice versa. Both vets tell WebMD that a high-quality commercial brand\nis important for a healthy diet.\n\nCheck the ingredients, and make sure corn doesn’t top the list. Murray says,\n“Corn isn’t an ideal diet for a carnivore.”\n\nIf you’ve tried three brands and both canned and dry food, it’s time to look\nfor another reason your dog refuses to eat. Most likely, he’s holding out for\ntable scraps.\n\nReserve treats for times when praise is necessary, such as in training. But\nremember, not all rewards have to be edible. “If your dog loves attention, a\nscratch behind the ears is a treat,” Murray says.\n\nIf you find that food treats get the best results, create some boundaries.\n\n< Previous Page\n\n1 | 2 | 3 | 4\n\nNext Page >\n\nSHARE What is this?\n\n#### Healthy Dogs Guide\n\n1\n\nDiet & Nutrition\n\n2\n\nBehavior & Training\n\n3\n\nPuppy Care\n\n4\n\nPreventive Care\n\n5\n\nCommon Conditions\n\n6\n\nExpert Q&As\n\nContinue reading below...\n\n#### Further Reading:\n\n * Slideshow: Foods Your Dog Should Never Eat\n * Slideshow: People Foods Your Dog Can Eat\n * What's in Your Dog Food?\n * Quiz: What Do You Really Know About Dog Food?\n * Nutritional Needs of Puppies\n * Healthy Dogs Guide: Diet and Nutrition Tips\n * Feeding Your Adult Dog FAQ\n * See All Dogs - Feeding Topics\n\n### Dogs - Feeding Home\n\n * Medical Reference\n * Features\n * Video\n * Slideshows & Images\n * Quizzes\n * Health Tools\n * More From WebMD\n * News Archive\n\nHealthy Dogs Guide\n\n1\n\nDiet & Nutrition\n\n2\n\nBehavior & Training\n\n3\n\nPuppy Care\n\n4\n\nPreventive Care\n\n5\n\nCommon Conditions\n\n6\n\nExpert Q&As\n\nShortcuts\n\n * SEARCH Pet Health\n * Dog Conditions A-Z\n * Dog Symptoms A-Z\n * Dog Training Videos\n * More Related Topics\n\nDogs Top 12 Topics\n\n * 1.\n\nBad Foods for Dogs\n\n * 2.\n\nPet Owner Mistakes\n\n * 3.\n\nDog Flu Update\n\n * 4.\n\nParvovirus\n\n * 5.\n\nKennel Cough\n\n * 6.\n\nDog Breeds\n\n * 7.\n\nMy Dog Won't Eat\n\n * 8.\n\nSeizures\n\n * 9.\n\nFeeding Dogs\n\n * 10.\n\nPain Meds\n\n * 11.\n\nCoughing\n\n * 12.\n\nSkin Problems\n\n## Today on WebMD\n\nDogs With Long Lives\n\nBreeds with longevity\n\nShould You or Shouldn't You?\n\nThe facts about ear cropping and tail docking.\n\nBrainest Breeds\n\nWhich are considered smartest?\n\nMost Popular Dog Breeds\n\nWhat are their health issues?\n\nArticle\n\nAdopting a Rescue Pet\n\nSlideshow\n\nIs My Dog Normal?\n\nSlideshow\n\nCommon Skin Problems in Dogs\n\nSlideshow\n\nHow You and Your Dog Can Get in Shape\n\nQuiz\n\nTest Your Dog Breed Smarts\n\nSlideshow\n\nPeople Foods Dogs Can Eat\n\nSlideshow\n\nBest Dog Breeds for Your Personality\n\nSlideshow\n\nLong-Living Dog Breeds\n\n### Special Sections\n\n * How to Keep Your Dog Cool in the Summer\n * Flea and Tick Map\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Knee Pain Management\n * Transitional Care\n * Cancer Treatments\n\n * Baby Stooling Issues?\n * Frequent Constipation?\n * Skin Cancer Treatment\n\n * Osteoarthritis Knee Pain\n * Holistic Cancer Care\n * Digestive Sensitivities\n\n * Frequent Laxative Use?\n * Breakfast Solutions\n * Food Intolerance Diet\n\n * Knees & Exercise\n * Expert Orthopedic Care\n * Treatment for Knee Pain\n\n##### More From WebMD:\n\nCommon Signs of Bipolar Mania|Your Hodgkin's Treatment Plan|Psoriasis|MS\nAssessment|Anaphylaxis|ADHD in Children|Diabetes Diet|Safer Sports for\nKids|Multiple Myeloma|Hearing Loss: Its Causes and Treatment |Treatments for\nCancer|A Visual Guide to Asthma|COPD|Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials|Diabetes\nAssessment |Live Better With Diabetes |Atrial Fibrillation Assessment\n|Treating Advanced Prostate Cancer\n\n###### Find us on:\n\nURAC: Accredited Health Web SiteAdChoices\n\nAbout WebMD Advertise With Us Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Policy\nAccessibility Sponsor Policy\n\nSite Map Careers Contact Us Medscape Reference eMedicineHealth RxList OnHealth\nMedscape MedicineNet\n\nBootsWebMD WebMD Corporate WebMD Health Services First Aid WebMD Magazine\nWebMD Health Record\n\nWebMD Mobile Newsletters Dictionary Physician Directory\n\n©2005-2016 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional\ninformation.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/dog-care/general-dog-care", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210429160037/https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/dog-care/general-dog-care", "parsed_text": { "title": "General Dog Care", "passages": [ "A dog can be a wonderful addition to any home, but whether you're an experienced pet parent or a first-time adopter, it's important to keep your canine companion's health and happiness a top priority. Below are some useful tips for all dog parents.", "And remember: If you're considering bringing home a new dog, please make adoption your first option. We encourage you to browse our directory of adoptable dogs in your area or visit our Find a Shelter page to start your search.", "Premium-quality dry food provides a well-balanced diet for adult dogs and may be mixed with water, broth or canned food. Your dog may enjoy cottage cheese, cooked egg or fruits and vegetables, but these additions should not total more than ten percent of his daily food intake.", "Puppies should be fed a high-quality, brand-name puppy food (large breed puppy foods for large breeds). Please limit \"people food,\" however, because it can result in vitamin and mineral imbalances, bone and teeth problems and may cause very picky eating habits and obesity. Clean, fresh water should be available at all times, and be sure to wash food and water dishes frequently.", "Dogs need exercise to burn calories, stimulate their minds, and stay healthy. Individual exercise needs vary based on breed or breed mix, sex, age and level of health. Exercise also tends to help dogs avoid boredom, which can lead to destructive behaviors. Supervised fun and games will satisfy many of your pet's instinctual urges to dig, herd, chew, retrieve and chase.", "Help keep your dog clean and reduce shedding with frequent brushing. Check for fleas and ticks daily during warm weather. Most dogs don't need to be bathed more than a few times a year. Before bathing, comb or cut out all mats from the coat. Carefully rinse all soap out of the coat, or the dirt will stick to soap residue. Please visit our Dog Grooming Tips page for more information.", "To carry a puppy or small dog, place one hand under the dog's chest, with either your forearm or other hand supporting the hind legs and rump. Never attempt to lift or grab your puppy or small dog by the forelegs, tail or back of the neck. If you do have to lift a large dog, lift from the underside, supporting his chest with one arm and his rear end with the other.", "Your pet needs a warm, quiet place to rest, away from all drafts and off the floor. A training crate or dog bed is ideal, with a clean blanket or pillow placed inside. Wash the dog's bedding often. If your dog will be spending a lot of time outdoors, be sure she has access to shade and plenty of cool water in hot weather, and a warm, dry, covered shelter when it's cold.", "Follow your community’s licensing regulations. Be sure to attach the license to your dog’s collar. This, along with an ID tag and implanted microchip or tattoo, can help secure your dog’s return should she become lost.", "Daily inspections of your dog for fleas and ticks during the warm seasons are important. Use a flea comb to find and remove fleas. There are several new methods of flea and tick control. Speak to your veterinarian about these and other options. Visit our Fleas and Ticks page for more information.", "Never give your dog medication that has not been prescribed by a veterinarian. If you suspect that your animal has ingested a poisonous substance, call your veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center for 24-hour animal poison information at (888) 426- 4435.", "Female dogs should be spayed and male dogs neutered by six months of age. Please visit our Spay/Neuter Your Pet page to learn more.", "Keep your dog on a leash when you are outside, unless you are in a secured, fenced-in area. If your dog defecates on a neighbor's lawn, the sidewalk or any other public place, please clean it up.", "© 2021 American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. All rights reserved. The ASPCA is a 501(c)(3) non-for-profit organization. Privacy Policy Legal Info" ] }, "parsed_md": "General Dog Care | ASPCA\n\nSkip to content\n\nASPCA\n\n * Key Issues\n\n * Animal Homelessness\n * Animal Cruelty\n * Our Response\n\n * Animal Rescue\n * Animal Placement\n * Animal Protection\n * How You Can Help\n\n * Ways to Give\n * Fundraise with Team ASPCA\n * Take Action\n * Adopt a Pet\n\n## Primary Nav Menu\n\n * Key Issues\n\n * Animal Homelessness\n * Animal Cruelty\n * Our Response\n\n * Animal Rescue\n * Animal Placement\n * Animal Protection\n * How You Can Help\n\n * Ways to Give\n * Fundraise with Team ASPCA\n * Take Action\n * Adopt a Pet\n\n * About Us\n * Adopt\n * NYC\n * News\n * ASPCA Pro\n\nDonate\n\n# General Dog Care\n\nA dog can be a wonderful addition to any home, but whether you're an\nexperienced pet parent or a first-time adopter, it's important to keep your\ncanine companion's health and happiness a top priority. Below are some useful\ntips for all dog parents.\n\nAnd remember: If you're considering bringing home a new dog, please make\nadoption your first option. We encourage you to browse our directory of\nadoptable dogs in your area or visit our Find a Shelter page to start your\nsearch.\n\n### Feeding\n\n * Puppies eight to 12 weeks old need four meals a day.\n * Feed puppies three to six months old three meals a day.\n * Feed puppies six months to one year two meals a day.\n * When your dog reaches his first birthday, one meal a day is usually enough.\n * For some dogs, including larger canines or those prone to bloat, it's better to feed two smaller meals.\n\nPremium-quality dry food provides a well-balanced diet for adult dogs and may\nbe mixed with water, broth or canned food. Your dog may enjoy cottage cheese,\ncooked egg or fruits and vegetables, but these additions should not total more\nthan ten percent of his daily food intake.\n\nPuppies should be fed a high-quality, brand-name puppy food (large breed puppy\nfoods for large breeds). Please limit \"people food,\" however, because it can\nresult in vitamin and mineral imbalances, bone and teeth problems and may\ncause very picky eating habits and obesity. Clean, fresh water should be\navailable at all times, and be sure to wash food and water dishes frequently.\n\n### Exercise\n\nDogs need exercise to burn calories, stimulate their minds, and stay healthy.\nIndividual exercise needs vary based on breed or breed mix, sex, age and level\nof health. Exercise also tends to help dogs avoid boredom, which can lead to\ndestructive behaviors. Supervised fun and games will satisfy many of your\npet's instinctual urges to dig, herd, chew, retrieve and chase.\n\n### Grooming\n\nHelp keep your dog clean and reduce shedding with frequent brushing. Check for\nfleas and ticks daily during warm weather. Most dogs don't need to be bathed\nmore than a few times a year. Before bathing, comb or cut out all mats from\nthe coat. Carefully rinse all soap out of the coat, or the dirt will stick to\nsoap residue. Please visit our Dog Grooming Tips page for more information.\n\n### Handling\n\nTo carry a puppy or small dog, place one hand under the dog's chest, with\neither your forearm or other hand supporting the hind legs and rump. Never\nattempt to lift or grab your puppy or small dog by the forelegs, tail or back\nof the neck. If you do have to lift a large dog, lift from the underside,\nsupporting his chest with one arm and his rear end with the other.\n\n### Housing\n\nYour pet needs a warm, quiet place to rest, away from all drafts and off the\nfloor. A training crate or dog bed is ideal, with a clean blanket or pillow\nplaced inside. Wash the dog's bedding often. If your dog will be spending a\nlot of time outdoors, be sure she has access to shade and plenty of cool water\nin hot weather, and a warm, dry, covered shelter when it's cold.\n\n### Licensing and Identification\n\nFollow your community’s licensing regulations. Be sure to attach the license\nto your dog’s collar. This, along with an ID tag and implanted microchip or\ntattoo, can help secure your dog’s return should she become lost.\n\n### Fleas and Ticks\n\nDaily inspections of your dog for fleas and ticks during the warm seasons are\nimportant. Use a flea comb to find and remove fleas. There are several new\nmethods of flea and tick control. Speak to your veterinarian about these and\nother options. Visit our Fleas and Ticks page for more information.\n\n### Medicines and Poisons\n\nNever give your dog medication that has not been prescribed by a veterinarian.\nIf you suspect that your animal has ingested a poisonous substance, call your\nveterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center for 24-hour animal\npoison information at (888) 426- 4435.\n\n### Spaying and Neutering\n\nFemale dogs should be spayed and male dogs neutered by six months of age.\nPlease visit our Spay/Neuter Your Pet page to learn more.\n\n### Vaccinations\n\nYour dog may benefit from receiving a number of vaccinations. Please visit our\nPet Vaccinations page to learn more.\n\n### Dog Supply Checklist\n\n * Premium-quality dog food and treats\n * Food dish\n * Water bowl\n * Toys, toys and more toys, including safe chew toys\n * Brush & comb for grooming, including flea comb\n * Collar with license and ID tag\n * Leash\n * Carrier (for smaller dogs)\n * Training crate\n * Dog bed or box with warm blanket or towel\n * Dog toothbrush\n\n### The Scoop on Poop\n\nKeep your dog on a leash when you are outside, unless you are in a secured,\nfenced-in area. If your dog defecates on a neighbor's lawn, the sidewalk or\nany other public place, please clean it up.\n\n### Other Ways to Help:\n\n * Become a Monthly Member\n * Fundraise with Team ASPCA\n * Join the Mobile Action Team\n\n## Share this page:\n\n### Help the ASPCA Put a Stop to Animal Cruelty\n\nDonate\n\nASPCA\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Contact\n * Press\n * Strategic Cause Partnerships\n * Pet Care\n * Shop\n\n© 2021 American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. All rights\nreserved. The ASPCA is a 501(c)(3) non-for-profit organization. Privacy Policy\nLegal Info\n\nFacebookTwitterYoutubeInstagramPinterest\n\n#### Our Partnerships\n\n * Subaru\n\nExclusive Subaru VIP offer for ASPCA Guardians & Founders.\n\n * ASPCA Pet Health Insurance\n\nUnderwritten by United States Fire Insurance Company\n\n" } ]
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How To Care for Your Feet and Toenails
To care for your feet and toenails, wash your feet with soap and warm water every day to get rid of dirt, sweat, and bacteria. After you wash your feet every day, apply a moisturizer to keep your feet soft and free from dryness. Also, make sure you're trimming your toenails every few weeks to keep them healthy and strong. When you trim them, cut straight across the nails to avoid ingrown toenails.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20161130092532/http://www.webmd.com:80/beauty/advances-skin-care-9/foot-cream-toenail", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201028202502/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-103998/How-foot-massage.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201129112903/https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/beauty/six-easy-steps-for-a-diy-pedicure-20090623-cunr.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210225042937/http://styletips101.com/nail-care/diy-pedicure.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190113080830/http://www.aofas.org:80/footcaremd/how-to/foot-health/Pages/How-to-Practice-Good-Foot-Hygiene.aspx" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.webmd.com:80/beauty/advances-skin-care-9/foot-cream-toenail", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161130092532/http://www.webmd.com:80/beauty/advances-skin-care-9/foot-cream-toenail", "parsed_text": { "title": "Women’s Foot and Nail Care: Tips for Healthy, Sexy Feet", "passages": [ "Your feet move you through the world, help you stand up to your day, and ground you. They also need TLC to keep them soft, strong, and free of problems.", "Make it a habit to use a pumice stone or foot file on damp heels and calluses. Doing so will keep your feet looking good in open-back shoes.", "First, soak your feet in water or a foot bath for 10 to 15 minutes to help soften the skin. Then gently remove the thickened skin with a pumice stone. New York podiatrist Isaac Tabari, DPM, recommends a warm foot bath made of black tea (tannic acid). Tannic acid, he says, is a natural antibacterial agent that may reduce the chance of getting athlete’s foot.", "Moisturizing foot scrubs made from botanicals such as crushed fruit pits, sugar, or chemical exfoliators also help remove dead skin. After you scrub, apply a rich foot cream or balm containing shea butter or cocoa butter.", "If your heels are very dry and cracked, see a podiatrist or dermatologist for a prescription treatment. If they’re not that bad, there are plenty of moisturizing products from which to choose.", "First, you might try some medicated heel pads, which don't need a prescription, to soften calluses while you walk. After you’ve exfoliated the calluses, use a heavy cream to moisturize tough skin on your heel.", "Look for creams containing petrolatum, an emollient, or a humectant such as lactic acid, which draws moisture into the skin." ] }, "parsed_md": "Women’s Foot and Nail Care: Tips for Healthy, Sexy Feet\n\nSkip to content\n\nCheck Your Symptoms Find A Doctor Find Lowest Drug Prices\n\nSign In Sign UpSubscribe\n\n * My ProfileWelcome\n * * My Tools\n * My WebMD Pages\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\nSubscribe\n\nWebMD Home Healthy Beauty Health-e Head2Toe: Skin Care\n\nEmail a Friend\n\nPrint Article\n\n# WebMD health-e head2toe: skin care today\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\n## 6 Tips for Foot and Nail Care\n\nBy Karen Bruno WebMD Feature\n\nReviewed by Louise Chang, MD\n\nWebMD Feature Archive\n\nYour feet move you through the world, help you stand up to your day, and\nground you. They also need TLC to keep them soft, strong, and free of\nproblems.\n\nThese 6 steps will help your feet stay fabulous.\n\n### 1\\. Smooth It Out.\n\nMake it a habit to use a pumice stone or foot file on damp heels and calluses.\nDoing so will keep your feet looking good in open-back shoes.\n\nFirst, soak your feet in water or a foot bath for 10 to 15 minutes to help\nsoften the skin. Then gently remove the thickened skin with a pumice stone.\nNew York podiatrist Isaac Tabari, DPM, recommends a warm foot bath made of\nblack tea (tannic acid). Tannic acid, he says, is a natural antibacterial\nagent that may reduce the chance of getting athlete’s foot.\n\nMoisturizing foot scrubs made from botanicals such as crushed fruit pits,\nsugar, or chemical exfoliators also help remove dead skin. After you scrub,\napply a rich foot cream or balm containing shea butter or cocoa butter.\n\n * Look for balms or heel creams containing salicylic acid or urea to soften tough calluses.\n\n### 2\\. Moisturize.\n\nIf your heels are very dry and cracked, see a podiatrist or dermatologist for\na prescription treatment. If they’re not that bad, there are plenty of\nmoisturizing products from which to choose.\n\nFirst, you might try some medicated heel pads, which don't need a\nprescription, to soften calluses while you walk. After you’ve exfoliated the\ncalluses, use a heavy cream to moisturize tough skin on your heel.\n\n * Look for creams containing petrolatum, an emollient, or a humectant such as lactic acid, which draws moisture into the skin.\n\n1 | 2\n\nNext Page >\n\nContinue reading below...\n\nhealth-e head2toe: skin care today\n\n * Women's Skin Care\n * Top Face Creams\n * Top Hair Products\n * Top Body Lotions\n * Top Nail Products\n * Top Foot Products\n * Men's Skin Care\n * Men's Grooming\n * Men's Hair Products\n * Men's Body Care\n * Men's Hands/Nails\n * Men's Foot Products\n * General Skin Care\n * Anti-Aging Advances\n * Hair Care Advances\n * Body Care Advances\n * Hand Care Advances\n * Foot Care Advances\n\nRelated Health Centers\n\n * Healthy Beauty\n * Women's Health\n * Men's Health\n\n## Today on WebMD\n\nSlideshow\n\nTips to Wake Up Beautiful\n\nArticle\n\nHow to Look Great in Every Photo\n\nArticle\n\nQuick Fixes for Beauty Emergencies\n\nArticle\n\nSoothe and Replenish Dry Skin\n\nQuiz\n\nKnow How to Tackle Dry, Flaky Skin?\n\nVideo\n\nHow to Beautify Your Booty [En Español]\n\nArticle\n\nAnti-Aging Diet Tips\n\nArticle\n\nErase the Lines Around Your Mouth\n\n### Related Topics:\n\n * Tips for Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails\n\nSlideshow\n\nHow to Make Your Eyes Pop\n\nVideo\n\nHow Often Can You Whiten Your Teeth?\n\nSlideshow\n\nTry These Celebrity Makeup Secrets\n\nGuide\n\nHealthy Living Tips for a Beautiful You\n\n * Help a friend by sharing this health information\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Knee Pain Management\n * Transitional Care\n * Cancer Treatments\n\n * Overactive Bladder?\n * IBS-C Symptoms?\n * Skin Cancer Treatment\n\n * Osteoarthritis Knee Pain\n * Fight Prostate Cancer\n * Digestive Sensitivities\n\n * Enrolling in Medicare\n * Breakfast Solutions\n * Aortic Valve Stenosis?\n\n * Knees & Exercise\n * Expert Orthopedic Care\n * Treatment for Knee Pain\n\n##### More From WebMD:\n\nCommon Signs of Bipolar Mania|Your Hodgkin's Treatment Plan|Psoriasis|MS\nAssessment|Anaphylaxis|ADHD in Children|Diabetes Diet|Safer Sports for\nKids|Multiple Myeloma |Hearing Loss: Its Causes and Treatment|Myths and Facts\nAbout Prostate Cancer|A Visual Guide to Asthma|COPD|Prostate Cancer Clinical\nTrials|Diabetes Assessment|Live Better With Diabetes|Atrial Fibrillation\nAssessment |Treating Advanced Prostate Cancer\n\n###### Find us on:\n\nURAC: Accredited Health Web SiteAdChoices\n\nAbout WebMD Advertise With Us Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Policy\nAccessibility Sponsor Policy\n\nSite Map Careers Contact Us Medscape Reference eMedicineHealth RxList OnHealth\nMedscape MedicineNet\n\nBootsWebMD WebMD Corporate WebMD Health Services First Aid WebMD Magazine\nWebMD Health Record\n\nWebMD Mobile Newsletters Dictionary Physician Directory\n\n©2005-2016 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional\ninformation.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-103998/How-foot-massage.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201028202502/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-103998/How-foot-massage.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to give yourself a foot massage", "passages": [ "'Who the hell elected you?' Ted Cruz tears into Jack Dorsey for CONTINUING to censor tweets about Hunter's emails as Republicans rip apart Twitter, Facebook and Google for 'bias'", "Former Homeland Security chief of staff and outspoken Trump critic outs HIMSELF as the 'Anonymous' author of the 2018 NY Times tell-all op-ed about the President", "Biden has 17 point lead over Trump in covid-surging Wisconsin and is ahead seven points in Michigan, new poll shows", "Scientist infects himself with Covid-19 TWICE to study antibodies - and says results show that hopes of herd immunity are futile", "Donald Trump says he hopes courts will ban counting of ANY votes arriving after November 3 in new attack on mail-in ballot deadlines", "Texas is officially rated a 'toss-up' by respected political forecaster as votes already cast reach 91% of the state's 2016 total vote with seven full days of voting still to go", "PICTURED: Cyclist, 56, who was pushed off her bike and killed by a prankster, 20, who leaned out of a fast-moving van - before HE fell out of the vehicle and died", "Meghan Markle bids to postpone her High Court privacy action trial over letter to her estranged father Thomas published by the Mail", "Holocaust denial is NOT banned on Twitter, Jack Dorsey reveals as he clashes with Republican senators over Donald Trump is fact-checked but Iran's threats to Israel aren't", "Socialist AOC appears in Vanity Fair in $14,000 of designer suits and Louboutins to call Trump a motherf****r for not paying tax - as she compares herself to Hillary and Pelosi (and gets to keep a $3,000 outfit)", "New York is on the brink of 500,000 confirmed COVID cases - the fourth highest total in the country - as Gov. Cuomo warns that 'microclusters' will be the new norm in fall and winter", "Nearly 800,000 US children have been infected with coronavirus - and more than 94,000 of them tested positive in the past two weeks alone", "Hundreds of Trump supporters are left in the cold - with THIRTY treated for hypothermia - after buses fail to pick them up from Omaha air strip rally in freezing 21 degree temperatures", "Hunter's ex-business partner reveals how he met Joe twice, releases recording of 'Biden family friend begging him not to go public' - and claims Joe's brother said 'plausible deniability' allows family to 'get away' with foreign investments", "Doesn't having lenders write off my debts prove I'm a smart guy?' New Trump tax return revelation shows he had more than $270m in debt FORGIVEN after failing to repay lenders - including $237m on faltering Chicago Trump tower", "Top NOAA scientist is fired after he asked new Trump-appointed staff to adhere to the agency's integrity policy that bans changing research data to fit political agenda", "Trump tells Michigan's suburban wives 'I'm getting your husbands back to work' as he pleads for their vote and says 'you better love me'", "Dr Fauci says it could be '2022' before things go back to normal because that's how long it will take to vaccinate everyone", "Giuliani demands an apology from Fox host Kennedy and threatens to walk out after she compared him to Christopher Steele - the MI6 spy behind Trump's 'dirty dossier'", "Trump campaign unveils ad showing president 'condemning white supremacy' as Joe Biden needles him over repeated refusal to speak out against extreme right wing groups", "Dow drops 800 points in Wall Street's fourth straight day of losses as coronavirus surge dashes hopes of a speedy recovery", "Puerto Rico scraps its 'offensive' pandemic safe sex campaign promoting masturbation as a way to avoid becoming infected with Covid", "Joe Biden casts his vote early with Jill and will hold Saturday rally with Obama in Michigan in final stretch of election race", "Paperclip-size brain chip is deemed 'life-altering' after paralyzed patients use it to control a computer with their MIND - beating Elon Musk's Neuralink to first human trials", "Your feet are among the easiest parts of your body to self-massage, and it's something you can do wherever you happen to be. If you are sitting, simply rest one foot on the opposite thigh. If you prefer to lie down, keep one leg bent up, and rest your other foot on your raised thigh. Give one foot a complete massage first, then transfer to the other one.", "A great way to start a foot massage is to soak your feet in a bowl of warm, scented water.", "Fill a large bowl with warm water and add a couple of drops of your favourite essential oil (lavender and peppermint are excellent). Put your feet in and luxuriate for as long as you like before starting the foot massage.", "Use the photos provided to help you learn how to perform self massage. Click on the photos to enlarge them.", "knee and sandwich your foot between your hands, with your fingers facing forwards. Rub your hands backwards and forwards along your foot to warm the whole area.", "left hand and clasp the toes with your right hand. Energetically squeeze, extend, and flex your toes to increase their flexibility.", "left hand, massage your toes with your right hand by squeezing, twisting, and rolling each one in turn with your fingers.", "4: Place one thumb on top of the other, using your fingers to support your foot, and make deep, circular thumb pressures over the sole of your foot. Stroke the area. Repeat the whole sequence (steps 1-4) on your left foot.", "No comments have so far been submitted. Why not be the first to send us your thoughts, or debate this issue live on our message boards.", "Adele SHUTS DOWN Skepta romance rumours as she tells fans she's a '(single) cat lady'... one year after the musicians were first linked", "Kim Kardashian and her sisters continue to flaunt her million-dollar 40th birthday trip despite a mounting wave of disgust from celebrities and fans", "Victoria's Secret model Candice Swanepoel displays her toned figure while in a skimpy string bikini as she enjoys the surf in Miami Beach", "Kendall Jenner sizzles in barely-there thong bikini... as sister Kim Kardashian and family are branded 'out of touch' for over the top 40th birthday vacation", "Lauren Goodger, 34, shows off her curves in sportswear after poking fun at the takeaways and fry-ups she's been indulging in with Charles Drury, 23", "'He loves being queer and feminine!' Jade Thirlwall CONFIRMS she is dating Jordan Stephens and gushes over 'perfect' hunk's 'love of drag culture'", "Are hot flushes, restless sleep and brittle hair a thing of the past? How these three women won the war against menopause's most frustrating symptoms... Ad Feature", "Kate and Prince William present a Pride of Britain award as they thank NHS frontline heroes who have 'gone far beyond the call of duty' in Covid-19 battle", "'Too many of us put deadlines on love': Jessie J shares cryptic posts about 'unhealthy love' following her split from Channing Tatum", "'Best trip ever!': Khloe Kardashian brushes off criticism for Kim's lavish 40th private island break as she parades her figure in a fuchsia Chanel bikini", "Pregnant Emily Ratajkowski displays her blossoming baby bump in orange bikinis as she continues to embrace her 'new body' for radiant photoshoot", "Ocean trails, cascading waterfalls and sun-soaked beaches: Why you should head to Madeira in 2021 for an adventure-filled winter sun holiday Ad Feature", "Pamela Anderson, 53, admits she's 'feeling puffy' after gaining weight in lockdown and she hasn't seen her son Dylan for seven months Puffy", "Vogue Williams displays her toned physique in a strapless white bikini as she enjoys family getaway to St. Barts Stunning", "Elizabeth Hurley, 54, flaunts her phenomenal physique in a tiny white bikini as she returns to work The Bedazzled actress, 54, looked incredible", "'I'm feeling very overwhelmed': Pregnant Kate Ferdinand displays her blossoming baby bump as she candidly discusses her battle with 'bad anxiety'", "Newly-single Candice Brown joins Gabby Allen and a host of stars at a private viewing of artist Sophie Tea's latest collection", "Stylish knits, cosy coats and dresses to die for! How THIS online store has got your new season looks sorted! Ad Feature", "The Witcher's Mimi Ndiweni and Mecia Simson look radiant in regal costumes as they film scenes for the second series of the Netflix show", "'It looked like a shark attack!' Gary Numan's wife Gemma recalls the moment her breasts 'exploded' during a caravan trip with her husband", "Molly-Mae Hague displays her natural lips in glamorous snap after having filler removed... as star reveals her pout is now 'half the size' Natural", "Rochelle Humes enjoys a girly day out with daughters as they indulge in afternoon tea aboard a bus... two weeks after the birth of son Blake", "Frail Phil Collins, 69, is helped into a wheelchair as he arrives at Genesis rehearsals amid fight over property with ex-wife Orianne Cevey, 46", "No slowing her down! Playful Connie Stevens, 82, balances herself on walker and kicks up her heel as she makes rare public appearance in LA", "Caitlyn Jenner celebrates her 71st birthday in style with tributes from her famous family... after shooting Duke of The Valley pilot", "Elizabeth Hurley's son Damian, 18, shows off his impressive modelling talents as he poses shirtless on the sofa for a striking Instagram snap", "The big name shares that have risen the most since September revealed: Don't miss the chance to play for our £15,000 Fantasy Share Game prize Sponsored", "Strictly's Nadiya Bychkova looks incredible as she displays her washboard abs in a tiny white bikini for new sizzling snap Stunning", "Irina Shayk proves to be a high-end fashionista as she models a $3K Burberry coat and $2K Chanel boots while walking alone in New York City", "Elton John plays the piano dressed as Elvis while sons Zachary, 9, and Elijah, 7, dance around in crocodile costumes for sweet Halloween skit", "Vincent Cassel's wife Tina Kunakey, 23, showcases her toned figure in a red bikini as she and the shirtless actor, 53, enjoy a beach day in Brazil", "Brody Jenner gets a COVID-19 test as he reveals he's going back to shooting The Hills: New Beginnings in Los Angeles", "'I'm one lucky man!' Max George gushes over girlfriend Stacey Giggs... after she was said to be 'terrified' of them falling victim to the Strictly curse", "Ellen Pompeo hints upcoming season 17 of Grey's Anatomy may be its last: 'We don't know when the show is really ending yet. But the truth is, this year could be it'", "Ben Affleck cuts a smart figure in a tailored blue coat and dark indigo jeans as he masks up for dinner with friend in Los Angeles", "Ferne McCann shows off her toned figure in skimpy stripe and spot bikini for sizzling Instagram video as she celebrates three years of her healthy lifestyle", "'Things have been heating up!' Adele's romance with 'love interest' Skepta is getting serious one year after they were first linked", "'You are everything worth fighting for': Tom Parker shares poignant message for daughter days after welcoming second child as he battles terminal tumour", "We were on a (mini) break! David Schwimmer swaps Central Perk for the UK seaside as he is spotted filming an advert in Margate, Kent", "Singer JoJo and Diane Warren release official Joe Biden for President song The Change In the minute-long clip, Jojo sings about being the change", "Johnny Vaughan returns to the Big Breakfast House for the first time in 19 YEARS and reminisces about the many mischievous antics on the show", "Naomie Harris believes her 'unpleasant experience' at Cambridge University helped her land more roles as it made bosses 'perceive her differently'", "Stars including Colin Hanks criticise Kim Kardashian for bragging about jetting to a private island for her 40th birthday amid the pandemic", "Married at First Sight couple who are the first in the show's history to stay together say their relationship has worked because they 'took it seriously'", "Dancing On Ice's Billie Faiers reveals she suffered her first fall on the rink and 'cried for half an hour'... before her family came to cheer her up", "Johnny Flynn transforms into David Bowie in first Stardust trailer as the rock icon tries to break into the American music industry", "Pregnant Ashlee Simpson dons a protective face mask while shopping for groceries ahead of giving birth to her third child", "Duchess of Cornwall is elegant in a pale blue suit and face mask on a visit to the Bank of England HQ with Prince Charles to learn how it's supporting the economy", "Lily Allen says women should openly talk about masturbation 'without guilt' and she's in a 'much healthier place' at 35 after a journey of 'self-love'", "Kelly Osbourne flaunts her 85lbs weight loss in two chic ensembles as she carries presents and celebrates her 36th birthday with a male pal Party time", "Sarah Jessica Parker shares rare family throwback photos as she wishes her and Matthew Broderick's son James a happy 18th birthday", "Angelina Jolie's four-year divorce battle with Brad hits new speed bump, as actress parts ways with another one of her attorneys", "Tamar Braxton arrives back home in Los Angeles... after explosive interview with Tamron Hall where she denied hitting ex David Adefeso", "The Queen reigns supreme: Monarch is most popular Royal in UK poll with William and Kate second and third favourites", "Defiant Shane McGowan brushes off his battles with alcohol and drugs in first look at new film about his life directed by Johnny Depp", "The Ellen DeGeneres Show is reintroducing a live studio audience to the set after beginning season with virtual viewers amid the coronavirus pandemic", "'You getting sober saved us both': Nadia Sawalha honours husband Mark Adderley and says she is in 'awe' of him as he marks 16 years alcohol free", "Khloe Kardashian had COVID-19: The star, 36, was diagnosed months ago after suffering headaches, it is revealed in new KUWTK teaser", "Love Island's Amber Davies sizzles in an animal print bikini as she enjoys her first couples' holiday with her new boyfriend Nick Kyriacou in Dubai", "Strictly's Caroline Quentin shares a hilarious glimpse at training for the Paso Doble as pro Johannes Radebe jokes he's 'killed' her", "Grey's Anatomy star Caterina Scorsone says her daughter Pippa, 3, with Down syndrome is 'perfect exactly as she is' Sweet", "Lauren Pope exudes glamour in a black polo neck dress as she posts a throwback pregnancy snap to mark Happy Bump Day Striking", "Martin and Shirlie Kemp reveal George Michael started their romance and found the surgeon who made the guitarist better when he had a tumour", "TOWIE's Fran Parman reveals she has lost one stone as emotional star breaks down in tears over vile social media trolls Slimmed down", "'It's not always easy': Frankie Bridge reveals she is back on anti-anxiety medication as she shares her mental health coping strategies Candid", "Bianca Gascoigne sizzles in a PVC catsuit as she packs on the PDA with zombie beau Kris Boyson on Halloween night out Pucker up", "'We don't need anymore germs flying around the studio': Alex Beresford PULLS OUT of hosting Good Morning Britain after 'falling unwell", "'Sitting down is challenging but it still feels like a win': Millie Mackintosh is back in her pre-pregnancy jeans six months after giving birth to daughter Sienna", "What a Cha-Cha-Change! Strictly's Maisie Smith is worlds away from her sequins and feather as she dons slouchy streetwear and a unicorn rucksack ahead of rehearsals", "I'm A Celebrity 2020: Ant McPartlin and Declan Donnelly battle with Wales' VERY lengthy place names as they struggle to find the camp in hilarious trailer", "Loose Women pays tribute to guest Pamela Anderson by opening show with a Baywatch parody... as Janet Street-Porter keeps her red swimsuit on", "Blake Shelton, 44, says he is 'extremely excited' to be engaged to Gwen Stefani, 51... after sharing the pop princess 'saved my life'", "Greg James reveals he often relies on his iPhone 5s to conduct interviews live on air on BBC Radio 1 show despite the technology being outdated", "'Women are so afraid to be in a bad mood': Elisabeth Moss tells how her latest role 'emboldened' her to make 'smart and bitchy' comments", "Strictly's same-sex pair Nicola Adams and Katya Jones prepare to tackle this year's first couple's choice as they head to rehearsals", "Eiza Gonzalez cuts a chic figure in head-to-toe black as she hits the town with friends The Baby Driver actress, 30, looked sophisticated as she started her night", "Dominic West's wife Catherine FitzGerald 'holds crisis talks with her family over the future of her marriage' after THOSE Lily James pictures", "Heather Locklear's daughter Ava Sambora sings praises of her mother for helping her cope with anxiety: 'She is selfless and inspires me'", "'Bosses feel I lack credibility in roles': EastEnders' Shaun Williamson claims he can't get hired for 'serious' TV jobs because of Barry Evans' soap past", "'I was in such a bad way' Marnie Simpson says she was 'shocked' by Casey Johnson's proposal when she was 'at her worst'", "Gemma Collins and Carol Vorderman compare their peachy posteriors in a hilarious 'butt-off' as they film a new TV show together Looking good", "MIC's Oliver Proudlock and fiancée Emma Louise Connolly look smitten in a new stunning pre-wedding shoot after they postponed nuptials", "Piers Morgan brands Kim Kardashian a 'tone-deaf imbecile' after lavish tropical 40th birthday vacation with family and friends amid Covid crisis", "I'm A Celebrity 2020: Sir Mo Farah 'secures huge £300k fee for his first reality TV appearance as ITV splashes out £1m to sign up big names'", "Game Of Thrones star Lena Headey 'is dating Ozark's Marc Menchaca after splitting from her husband and plans to move to the US from the UK'", "Harry Potter star Jessie Cave breastfeeds newborn son Abraham Benjamin in sweet snap after returning home following her 'terrifying humbling' pregnancy", "Molly-Mae Hague shares a glimpse into her fridge full of cola and yogurt as she admits she and Tommy Fury 'can't seem to get up' to go food shopping", "Cameron Diaz, 48, has fun with her The Other Woman co-star Leslie Mann during a rollerskating stunt as she launches a new red wine for Avaline", "Meghan Markle bids to postpone her High Court privacy action trial over letter to her estranged father Thomas published by the Mail On Sunday", "Chris Packham leaves Autumnwatch viewers aghast by 'casually' reminiscing about how he 'French kissed a FOX' when he was a boy", "This Morning viewers are left FUMING at the sight of a fully-decorated Christmas tree on set in October Viewers were left absolutely livid", "Lily Collins addresses 'disheartening' Emily In Paris criticism after the show was accused of using 'outdated' stereotypes of French people", "Sharon Osbourne reveals she and Ozzy are victims of FRAUD... after thieves used their credit cards to go on a VERY extravagant shopping spree", "Chrissy Teigen pens a heartbreaking essay about losing son Jack at five months pregnant: 'I cried a little at first, then went into full blown convulsions'", "Jonathan Ross' daughter Honey turns up the heat in a plunging orange catsuit and matching ears as she prepares for Halloween", "Ashley Roberts wears leather look dress with oversized sleeves as she heads to work at Heart FM She loves to make a style statement", "Olivia Attwood flaunts her phenomenal figure in sizzling lingerie-clad post... and pokes fun at cruel troll after being branded 'a dog' Stunning", "Myleene Klass perfects a rocker chic look with statement t-shirt and leopard print accessories as she heads to work after late night DOI training", "Olivia Culpo and Devon Windsor party in their bikinis for sizzling Instagram videos as they head to Cabo for wild week in the sun Fun in the sun", "'They avoided it': Kym Marsh reveals people didn't want to attend late son Archie's funeral as they 'couldn't cope with grieving such a small baby'", "'Are we meant to believe that was live and unscripted?' Loose Women fans left cringing over 'ridiculous' and 'painful' Nicole Kidman interview", "Liam Payne oozes specs appeal as he smoulders in a collection of stylish glasses for his latest Hugo campaign Handsome", "GBBO is accused of 'borderline racism' by viewers who are offended by contestants' decision to cook Chinese treats for 'Japanese week'", "Jason Derulo's model girlfriend Jena Frumes sends temperatures soaring as she displays her washboard abs in a TINY copper bikini Sizzling", "Lorde, 23, is seen for the first time in EIGHTEEN months as she kisses her music executive boyfriend Justin Warren, 41, in her home city of Auckland", "Strictly's Dianne Buswell puts on a bold display as she joins Max George and Karen Hauer in arriving at rehearsals following first live show", "Union J star Josh Lloyd-Cuthbert says he checked himself into a mental health institute after a 'turbulent and awful year' struggling with anxiety", "Move over Sandy! Lizzie Cundy, 52, wears Grease-inspired leather trousers and a Bardot top as she goes for an acupuncture session Lizzie looked incredible", "TOWIE: 'Learn from my mistakes!' Chloe Sims gives relationship advice to sister Frankie as she talks rocky romance with Harry Lee BEFORE their 'split'", "Lea Michele shows off post-baby body while hiking in sports bra and compression shorts on Instagram Welcomed her first child nine weeks ago", "Chrissy Teigen says she has 'missed' sharing her 'cookbook journey' and is back on social media... after penning an essay about losing her son Jack", "Chris Ramsey details COVID-19 safety regulations on Little Mix: The Search as he praises the stars for being 'so caring' to contestants", "'This is tone deaf and insensitive': Kim Kardashian is slammed for bragging about her lavish tropical 40th birthday vacation amid global pandemic", "Demi Rose puts on a sizzling display in a plunging beach cover-up... before switching into a pink sports bra for a tropical workout in the Maldives", "'I'm entitled to my opinion!' Piers Morgan says Kirstie Allsopp tried to get ITV executives make him APOLOGISE to her after Twitter spat", "'Just another actress, taking nudes in her trailer!' Busy Philipps, 41, goes TOPLESS in a bid to encourage her fans to vote early ahead of US election", "Brandy, Erykah Badu, Teyana Taylor and H.E.R. join forces for 2020-inspired freestyle rap at the virtual BET Hip Hop Awards Iconic", "'It's the result of white wine and chips!' Love Island's Amy Hart hits back at claims she's had facial filler after sharing radiant snap Striking", "Lewis Burton posts rare snap with girlfriend Lottie Tomlinson as he admits he is 'grateful' while posing in front of a private jet Cosy", "'The people who went to Eton can't run this country': Danny Dyer lays into Boris Johnson and clique 'who all went to same school' in rant on Covid-hit UK", "Abbey Clancy looks typically chic in a slip dress and shades as she cosies up to her husband Peter Crouch and their four children on sunny getaway", "'She brought out this sexual person' Grease's Didi Conn insists Sandy was 'emancipated' by raunchy transformation as she brushes off claims the film is sexist", "Sam Smith reveals they have had a hair transplant and claims they 'don't have anything to hide' after it became a 'touchy' subject for them", "Victoria's Secret vet Jasmine Tookes flashes her $250K ring as she is seen for the first time since getting engaged to Juan David Borrero Bling!", "Rob Kardashian snaps up rare Tom Brady sports card during late night shopping spree which could be worth a huge $250k Scored a jackpot", "'Hottie alert': Lily Allen fangirls over her handsome new husband David Harbour as he graces the cover of a cigar magazine Sweet", "TOWIE's Amber Turner channels her inner warrior in a plunging semi-sheer leotard as she poses with chainsticks for Halloween special", "Princess Sofia of Sweden is chic in a striped coat as she joins her husband Prince Carl Philip on a visit to Varmland County", "'This week two malarkey is really hard!' Strictly's Ranvir Singh is forced to host GMB with her foot dipped in ICE as she struggles with hours of training", "Nigella Lawson admits she didn't think she'd reach 60 after her mother, sister and husband all tragically died before they were 50", "Kylie Jenner flashes her abs in a low-cut sports bra as she and daughter Stormi, 2, get in the Halloween spirit at Nights Of The Jack event", "Nick Knowles tried to buy I'm A Celeb's Gwrych Castle in Wales for £5 to renovate it... but withdrew when he realised he'd need £1.5m to do so", "Maya Jama puts on a VERY busty display in a skintight PVC catsuit as she prowls around in sizzling video ahead of Don't Hate The Playaz Halloween special", "' Cameron Diaz hasn't ruled out a return to acting but insists being a mother is the 'happiest time of my life'", "Kim Kardashian stuns in metallic gold mini dress as she shares videos from her lavish 40th birthday bash on a private island... amid social media backlash", "'Sexy is not a look, it's a mindset': Saira Khan, 50, showcases her incredible figure as she poses in black lingerie for sizzling Instagram clip", "Two And A Half Men's reclusive star Angus T. Jones spotted as he leaves his house to watch firefighters extinguish blaze right near his LA home", "Sofia Richie keeps a low profile in a red sweatshirt and baseball cap as she grabs lunch with pals in Beverly Hills Low-key outing", "Bella Hadid shows off her taut midriff as she poses up in front of Ruth Bader Ginsburg artwork and get-out-the-vote wall message Bella looked great", "Nicole Scherzinger showcases her incredible curves in a striped bikini as she marks the end of summer with idyllic beach snap", "Sophie Turner keeps cozy in a sweatsuit and she and husband Joe Jonas enjoy an evening walk with their newborn daughter Willa Casual outing", "Megan McKenna 'joins celebrity dating app Raya after split from London businessman Josh Riley' Megan has joined the A-list dating app", "Hayden Panettiere appears in great spirits as she is spotted in Beverly Hills after dropping off her ballot The 31-year-old actress flashed a peace sign", "Kourtney Kardashian enjoys a dip with pals Harry Hudson and Fai Khadra on her sister Kim's 40th birthday getaway Fun with friends", "Apprentice star Bushra Shaikh says she will break rule of six to spend Christmas day with 15 loved ones because she 'knows what's best' for family", "The Sister viewers 'switch off' as they bemoan Russell Tovey's 'constant mumbling' and the slow-paced plot of the supernatural thriller", "Matthew McConaughey talks to Oprah Winfrey about the moment he met his now-wife Camila Alves 14 years ago: 'We had a great connection'", "Kendall Jenner shows off bombshell figure in slinky green dress after returning from Kim Kardashian's 40th birthday island getaway Stunning", "Kanye West WAS present during Kim Kardashian's controversial island getaway... though he did miss her actual birthday By her side", "'If I could vote in America, I'd vote with kindness': Harry Styles endorses Joe Biden in presidential election against Donald Trump Go vote", "Jennifer Lopez looks utterly elegant as she wears a flowing cream skirt and striped sweater: 'It's a Dior kind of day' Striking", "Khloe Kardashian gets into the Halloween spirit by taking daughter True to Nights of the Jack After a controversial island getaway", "April Love Geary is back in black as the pregnant model hits Santa Monica in a form-fitting dress Apr dressed up a little for an afternoon outing", "Jessica Alba and Cash Warren twin in black ensembles as they shop for Halloween costumes in Los Angeles Alba, 39, was dressed in a black sweater", "The Kissing Booth's Jacob Elordi shows off his perfect abs as he goes surfing in Malibu without girlfriend Kaia Gerber Fun in the sun", "Gwen Stefani and Blake Shelton are engaged! The pop star, 51, and country crooner, 44, are set to wed as she flashes a diamond ring", "Helen Mirren reveals watching the Los Angeles Dodgers win the World Series has made her a baseball fan Fans across the City of Angels", "TOWIE SPOILER: Yazmin Oukhellou looks set for a showdown with Amber Turner after being stuck in the middle of Nicole Bass row", "Emma Roberts reveals that she stays up to date on Tumblr with a secret account that only has six followers Emma likes to keep up with Tumblr", "Alessandra Ambrosio showcases her washboard abs in crop top and rolled up sweats as she plays beach volleyball in LA Top of the crops", "Karlie Kloss wears a Biden/Harris mask as she votes early... despite being the sister-in-law of Trump advisor Jared Kushner Karlie made it clear", "Stella Maxwell drapes her model figure in a Gucci velour tracksuit as she runs errands in LA The model looked effortlessly stylish", "Selma Blair models stylish striped sweater while stepping out for LA coffee run with beau Ron Carlson Selma was spotted stepping out", "I'm A Celebrity 2020: Sir Mo Farah 'joins the star-studded line-up for Wales series with the Olympian set to make his first reality TV appearance'", "Nearly 800,000 US children have been infected with coronavirus - and more than 94,000 of them tested positive in the past two weeks alone", "About 20% of US adults under 30 do NOT wear a face mask - and most of those take one or NO other precautions to slow the spread of coronavirus, CDC report suggests", "Trump administration will pay Eli Lilly $375 million for 300,000 doses of its coronavirus antibody drug if FDA approves the treatment", "Ozark's Julia Garner rocks a Dior ensemble as she channels pseudo socialite Anna Delvey on the set of Netflix's Inventing Anna in NYC Looking good", "'You have lit up our lives': Love Island's Camilla Thurlow reveals she's welcomed a baby girl named Nell with boyfriend Jamie Jewitt Sweet", "Goldie Hawn looks fit as a fiddle while she and longtime love Kurt Russell run errands out in LA Goldie was spotted stepping out", "CHRISTOPHER STEVENS reviews last night's TV: Crumbs! Bake Off has swapped its joyful japes for biting barbs One to watch", "Tamar Braxton denies hitting her ex-boyfriend David Adefeso while he was driving... as she claims he has a tape of the alleged attack and won't release it", "Cara Delevingne dresses up as Eeyore as she and Ashley Graham lead a host of models channeling iconic Disney characters for selfies", "Madonna, 62, is kissed by her toyboy boyfriend Ahlamalik Williams, 26, while pressed against a chain-link fence in a VERY racy pink-haired photo shoot", "Luke Evans 'seemingly splits from his boyfriend Rafa Olarra' as he unfollows him on Instagram after a year of dating", "Victoria's Secret model Georgia Fowler stuns in a slinky white dress as she pops champagne at re-imagined Melbourne Cup Carnival Celebration in Sydney", "Bindi Irwin shows off her blossoming baby bump in her signature khakis as she reveals she's 'getting close to the halfway point' of her pregnancy", "Kendall Jenner showcases her incredible figure in two different string bikinis in throwback clips from sister Kim Kardashian's 40th birthday break", "'I feel good!': Ciara showcases her post-baby body in a snake print coat... as she reveals she only has 35 pounds to go", "Dawn Ward's daughter Taylor FINALLY goes Instagram official with Manchester City star Riyad Mahrez after his split from model wife Rita", "Emily Ratajkowski bares a hint of baby bump in unbuttoned shirt on NYC outing after revealing she is 20 weeks pregnant with her first child", "Kim Kardashian gives inside look at her birthday festivities as she reveals guests quarantined for two weeks to celebrate 40th on a private island", "Great British Bake Off: Mark Lutton is eliminated after his disastrous showstopper cake is branded 'INEDIBLE' on show's first Japanese week", "Kendall Jenner highlights her slim figure in sports bra and leggings for smoothie run with pals Hailey Bieber and Justine Skye following their workout", "Joel Kinnaman signs on to play NFL player Jerry Smith in upcoming Civil Rights drama Joel is heading to the gridiron for his next film", "TV historian Lucy Worsley leads 'review' of royal palaces' links to slavery including Prince William and Kate Middleton's Kensington Palace home", "Caitlyn Jenner recalls filming I Am Cait BEFORE she publicly came out as transgender as she reunites with her castmates five years on", "Machine Gun Kelly says falling in love with Megan Fox has changed his life and made him 'a better person' after previously being 'coked out of my mind'", "Ashley Benson and G-Eazy get in the Halloween mood at Nights of the Jack before a late dinner with their friends in Hollywood", "David and Victoria Beckham 'consider splashing £350k to hire Soho Farmhouse for Brooklyn's wedding (and that doesn't include food and drink!)'", "Walking Dead star Maggie Grace welcomes son with husband Brent Bushnell... as she encourages fans to vote for a 'more compassionate' future", "Chloë Sevigny nails casual chic in a black leather jacket and flared jeans in NYC... after her nude pregnancy shoot for Playgirl was unveiled", "Emily Ratajkowski shows off her baby bump as she poses NUDE and confirms she is '20 weeks pregnant and getting to know my new body'", "Sharon Osbourne reveals she has gained 10 pounds since the coronavirus quarantine began: 'It's a lot when you're, like, five-foot-one'", "Sophia Bush beams as she cruises around in a yellow jumper and jeans with her beloved rescue dog Maggie on her Bluejay electric bicycle in LA", "Sunrise host David 'Kochie' Koch reveals the WORST Hollywood celebrities he's ever interviewed - including the heartthrob actor who was a 'grump'", "Neighbors co-stars Rose Byrne and Seth Rogan reunite for Apple TV+ sitcom Platonic where they will star as former best friends who reconnect as adults", "Naomi Watts, 52, reveals the health and beauty secrets she swears by - and the best piece of wellness advice she has ever been given", "Rita Ora looks sensational in a white blazer dress and newspaper print stilettos for her $100k Women of the Future Fund", "Bella Hadid shows off her incredibly toned tummy in a tight Deadly Doll crop top and skimpy pink underwear while makeup-free: 'Mo'nin in the am'", "Tamara Ecclestone and her eldest child Sophia cradle baby Serena as she shares first pictures of her newborn one month after giving birth", "Capital Xtra host Will Njobvu departs Global Studios alongside Love Island's Yewande Biala after filming the moment he was 'racially abused' at a Tube station", "Dancing On Ice's Faye Brookes shows off her flawless complexion as she goes make-up free after a relaxing spa pamper session in Manchester", "Saira Khan, 50, strips to racy red lingerie to promote 'passion, heat and sexuality'... and asks her children what they make of her 'sexy week' on Instagram", "Ex-Radio One presenter Tony Wyn-Jones who was Bonnie Tyler's favourite DJ dies aged 77 after long illness The DJ died yesterday", "Chadwick Boseman's brother Kevin reveals he overcame his own cancer battle two-years ago... two months after the Black Panther hero's death", "Kevin Hart and Woody Harrelson are spotted on the set of new film The Man From Toronto as the actor teases another snap on social media", "Khloe Kardashian puts her gym-honed abs on display as she strikes a fierce pose in new Good American leggings The star, 36, looked incredible", "Olivia Attwood catches the eye in a pale blue faux fur coat and joggers as she leaves the Dakota Hotel in Manchester carrying two Louis Vuitton bags", "BBC pull trailer for Oscar Pistorius documentary that did not mention Reeva Steenkamp after viewers said it showed HIM as a victim", "Jennifer Lopez gets into the holiday spirit with her mother Guadalupe and twins Emme and Max for a very merry Coach campaign", "'Yes I'm game, I'm totally game': Bette Midler says Hocus Pocus co-stars Sarah Jessica Parker and Kathy Najimy have ALL said yes to a sequel", "Jordana Brewster throws caution to the wind as she pulls off her boyfriend Mason Morfit's face covering for a VERY passionate kiss", "Jenna Dewan is every inch the doting mum as she goes barefoot during a fun-filled park outing with her daughter and baby son in Los Angeles", "'She dumped him because she got bored' Anna Wintour, 70, split with Shelby Bryan for the same reason she left her first husband", "Strictly's Nicola Adams and Katya Jones will tackle the couple's choice this week while Caroline Quentin will perform a feisty paso doble", "Brooke Burke puts on a VERY amorous display as she packs on the PDA with boyfriend Scott Rigsby after Malibu dinner date", "Jenson Button's pregnant fiancée Brittny Ward dresses her blossoming baby bump in sportswear as she picks up pumpkins during Halloween shop", "Rod Stewart's guitarist recalls moment rocker's long-lost daughter Sarah Streeter turned up at their recording studio wanting to meet her father", "Daisy Lowe keeps things casual in a tie-dye tracksuit and cosy scarf as she steps out make-up free for low-key outing with her beloved dog", "Zara McDermott wows in hotpants and a crop top for racy new shoot... after ex Sam Thompson claimed he had her 'full permission' to post mocking video", "Braless Chloe Ferry showcases her surgically-enhanced figure as she faces the Newcastle rain in just a TINY crop top and ripped jeans", "Salma Hayek shares her gratitude to first responders as she uploads photo of 'saved' Napa Valley vineyard surrounded by wildfire", "'I worry this Christmas could be my last': Linda Nolan fears for the future amid her cancer battle... and says not having children is her 'biggest regret'", "Demi Lovato confirms she is set to host the 2020 E! People's Choice Awards which will be held in the Barker Hanger in Santa Monica", "Isla Fisher steps out in a bright yellow jacket in LA with bodyguard... as husband Sacha Baron Cohen reveals he wore bulletproof vest on Borat 2 set", "Olivia Munn leaves the gym wearing what appears to be an engagement ring... after revealing she split from boyfriend Tucker Roberts last year", "Phil Collins may have to wait up to three years to evict ex-wife and her toyboy husband from his Miami Beach home because of Covid-19", "'Thieves' accused of £50m raid on Tamara Ecclestone's mansion appear in court as maid, 47, her barman son, 29, and security worker, 52, deny burglary plot", "Sam Faiers displays her taut midriff and cleavage in a slinky grey bra and knitted trousers as she poses up a storm during a luxury hotel photoshoot", "Kirsty Gallacher discusses the 'stress' of becoming a single mother and learning to cope with being alone after hitting 'rock bottom'", "The Haunting Of Bly Manor is voted one of the best shows to 'Netflix and Chill' to (because it's so long-winded and dry there's nothing better to do!)", "Jenna Coleman fuels up on coffee on casual stroll as the house she shared with ex Tom Hughes goes on the market three months after split", "Joe Jonas and Sophie Turner take their three-month-old daughter Willa for a stroll... after the actress called her husband an 'absolute babe'", "Gianluca Vacchi, 53, reveals model girlfriend Sharon Fonseca, 25, has given birth to a baby girl as he shares first family snap Italian playboy", "Shannen Doherty shares a message of strength while battling stage IV cancer in an exclusive sneak peek of her emotional ET interview", "Paris Hilton's mother Kathy Hilton, 61, 'has joined sister Kyle Richards, 51, for season 11 of the Real Housewives Of Beverly Hills'", "Paulina Porizkova says she is struggling with depression after moving out of the New York townhouse she shared with late husband Ric Ocasek", "Jennifer Lawrence clarifies her voting record after admitting she used to be 'a little Republican': 'I am proud to say I am a Democrat'", "Love Island's Hannah Elizabeth shares throwback snap with late Hugh Hefner... before channelling her inner Playboy bunny in sexy costume", "Denise Richards, 49, continues to look glum while in Spain to promote her new series Glow And Darkness with Joan Collins and Jane Seymour", "Bob Dylan ponders Jewish identity and reveals Lay Lady Lay was about Barbra Streisand in 1971 letters to be auctioned off next month", "Belgium's illegitimate princess meets her father King Albert and his wife for the first time since winning legal battle to be accepted as his daughter", "Shawn Mendes calls girlfriend Camila Cabello his queen in cozy kitchen snap where the couple cuddle on the counter in their pajamas", "Kanye West reacts to Jennifer Aniston's plea to NOT vote for the rapper during the presidential election: 'Wow, got em shook' Hit back", "Sasha Obama, 19, lip syncs to profanity-filled rap song in viral TikTok video (that was deleted as soon as fans recognised former First Daughter)", "George Clooney transforms into a bearded elderly scientist as he battles to save Felicity Jones' astronaut in first trailer for The Midnight Sky", "The Wanted's Tom Parker and wife Kelsey welcome their second child... weeks after the singer, 32, announced his terminal brain tumour diagnosis", "Jennifer Lopez and Armie Hammer on board to star as engaged couple who get more than they bargained for in action-comedy Shotgun Wedding", "Selena Gomez reveals the 2020 election will be her first time voting as she declares 'my vote counts' The 28-year-old made the confession", "Lisa Maffia turns heads in a tight red top and matching leather jogging bottoms as she arrives at a photography studio So Solid Crew musician", "Elsa Hosk puts her bump on display in a semi-sheer dress as she poses by the Bixby Creek Bridge in Big Sur: 'Cashmere wrapped baby'", "Sally Phillips reveals her son Olly who has Down's syndrome has got his first job as an eSports star for inclusive tournament", "Kim Kardashian jets into LA with Kendall Jenner and Scott Disick after celebrating her milestone 40th birthday with beach getaway Spotted at an airport", "Katie Price denies 'lavish lifestyle' in Zoom call to bankruptcy hearing... then extends her £1,400-a-night Maldives holiday by a week", "Love Island's Anna Vakili showcases her eye-popping curves in a sizzling crimson bikini in a throwback snap from Dubai Sizzling", "Rebecca Ferguson and husband Rory dote on daughter Sage, 2, on a stroll through Venice during a break from Mission Impossible 7's filming schedule", "Nicole Kidman says her The Undoing co-star Hugh Grant is 'fascinated' with the 'secret language' she uses with her younger sister", "Marissa Jaret Winokur showcases her staggering 50lb weight loss as she struts around in a sparkly patriotic bikini to drop off her ballot", "Strictly's Nicola Adams arrives for training the morning after her model girlfriend Ella Baig, 22, threw her a surprise 38th birthday party", "Jacqui Smith reveals she's been 'courting' new boyfriend on Zoom after going on first date in 33 YEARS... as she credits divorce with inspiring Strictly stint", "Love Island's Eve Gale leaves little to the imagination as she shows off her toned curves in tiny yellow sheer lace lingerie for new racy snap", "Chris Kamara details his experience of racism in the 70s when he was forced to drink OUTSIDE a pub after being told 'we don't serve your kind in here'", "Pregnant Charlotte Dawson announces she's taking a break from Instagram due to incessant trolling and admits she 'used to be able to handle it'", "Love Island's Ellie Brown puts on a cheeky display in skimpy string bikini as she strikes sultry pose in the sea during Dubai break Ellie looked sensational", "Malin Andersson flaunts her bottom in a scanty thong in latest sexy snap as she continues to relax at a spa retreat", "TOWIE's Yazmin Oukhellou transforms into a botched surgery victim in a blood-stained dress as she cosies up to 'Doctor Death' James Lock", "TOWIE stars Chloe Sims and Bobby Norris face backlash from fans over Oral B whitening toothpaste adverts - while a dentist brands them 'disingenuous'", "'They're chomping at the bit!' Nicole Kidman reveals she won't let her children join Instagram as she struggles to monitor technology Not yet", "Drake's fans are left puzzled and disgusted by the unorthodox menu from his 34th birthday party Listed an unusual mac and cheese", "Megan McKenna exudes elegance in a black bikini and white beach skirt as she poses in the lobby of her lavish Dubai hotel Stunning", "Jess Wright shows off her sensational figure in a frilly white bikini as she enjoys a dip in the pool at her luxury penthouse suite in Dubai", "Loose Women star Brenda Edwards didn't know she was pregnant until she was FIVE MONTHS and found out when she blacked out at her 21st birthday party", "Molly-Mae Hague continues to display the results of her dissolved lip filler as Tommy Fury gushes he's the 'luckiest man in the world' on date night", "'I'm a fighter! I've got Irish blood!' Joni Mitchell, 76, reveals she is still struggling to walk five years after her brain aneurysm and vows to focus on her recovery", "The Crown's Emma Corrin wows in a vibrant pink tulle dress and regal red and white top as she leads ELLE's Rising Hollywood Stars To Watch", "Monica Aldama talks DWTS elimination... and acts coy over possibility of Cheer season two The 50-year-old Texan only received a score of 22", "Shane Warne's son Jackson, 21, tastes beer for the FIRST TIME and enjoys it - as his famous father cheers on from the sidelines", "Princess Mary beams as she pairs a chic plum pantsuit with a face mask while unveiling a Christmas stamp collection as part of Danish festivities", "Demi Rose puts on a VERY eye-popping display in a tiny brown snakeskin bikini as she shares sizzling snaps from the Maldives Stunning", "Camilla dons a royal blue suit and floral mask as she joins Matt Hancock at Paddington Station to see the work of COVID-sniffing dogs in action", "Arrow and The Flash actor Stephen Amell, 39, tests positive for COVID-19: 'I have actively tried to avoid this virus. And guess what? I f****ing got it'", "Angie Best goes shopping with partner Mark Miller... after telling of the effect ex-husband George Best's alcoholism had on her and son Calum", "Buckingham Palace denies reports Queen and the Royal Family will not attend church at Sandringham on Christmas day: 'it's too early to make decision'", "Conan O'Brien reveals his set for late night show was burglarized... with several laptops and the slate stolen: 'I can't think of anything lower'", "Emily Ratajkowski accentuates her baby bump in fitted cut-out dress as she emerges for the first time since announcing pregnancy Stepping out", "Victoria Wood spent her final days watching MasterChef, listening to Radio 3 and devising a sketch about tidying her sock drawer - and was 'in denial' about dying", "'I didn't have time to sew it back up!' Lorraine Kelly is forced to do a quick mid-show outfit change as the button on her red dress pops off", "Rochelle Humes shares adorable snap of baby son Blake wearing a Peaky Blinders flat cap as she takes him to be registered Cute", "Love Island's Alexandra Cane leaves little to the imagination as she poses braless in a crop top and briefs The Love Island star, 29, looked incredible", "Pregnant Kate Lawler, 40, covers her burgeoning bump in a stylish shearling coat as she joins fiancé Martin on dog walk in London Big Brother star", "Johnny Depp's Judgement Day: Star will learn Monday if he has won libel war with newspaper that labelled him a 'wife beater' over Amber Heard", "Tom Hardy appears in great spirits as he takes selfies with students in the street amid claims he's set to become the next James Bond Loving life", "Shop Gear! Jeremy Clarkson is accused of breaking rules at his Oxfordshire farm store by stocking non-local produce Opened shop in February", "Ashley Roberts nails autumn chic in a two-tone denim jacket and kooky ankle-tie pants as she leaves Heart FM The Pussycat Dolls star, 39, looked great", "Strictly's Janette Manrara opts for pastel loungewear and a protective visor as she joins Jamie Laing and HRVY heading to rehearsals", "Cheryl Burke performs with AJ McLean on Dancing with the Stars after suffering a head injury during practice The pro dancer was 'doing okay'", "Myleene Klass looks chic in polka-dot trousers accessorised with her favourite Chanel bag as she heads to work at Smooth Radio", "'My heart is shattered into a million pieces': Jamie Foxx's sister DeOndra who had Down Syndrome has died at the age of 36 Heartbreaking", "Suki Waterhouse shows off her VERY racy Grinch costume before comparing her pink mini dress to a feather duster as she puts on a fashion show", "Lauren Pope is every inch the multi-tasking mummy as treats herself to a face mask while cradling daughter Raine and snapping selfies", "Coronation Street's Kimberly Hart-Simpson showcases her toned figure in grey leggings and a cropped jacket as she works out in a park Working up a sweat", "Coronation Street recasts Summer Spellman as she heads back to reunite with Todd Grimshaw... after actress Matilda Freeman quit the soap", "Bella Thorne puts on a racy display in bondage-inspired underwear as she poses with braless Too Hot To Handle star Francesca Farago during shoot", "TOWIE's Frankie Sims shows ex Harry Lee what he's missing as she sizzles in cobalt blue lingerie set... after 'splitting in row over Chloe Brockett'", "Harry and Meghan shelled out $400 an hour to record podcast at beachfront rental rather than invite the teens to their mansion", "Vogue Williams showcases her incredible figure in a tiny yellow bikini as she cradles baby daughter Gigi during St. Barts beach break", "Geordie Shore's Sophie Kasaei showcases her hourglass curves in a shimmering lilac and pink bikini as she pines for the beach", "Lily Allen gets ready for Halloween as she preens, pouts and poses while toying with spooky Instagram filters Loving life", "Mother of Princess Beatrice's stepson Dara Huang poses for snaps outside Buckingham Palace as she teases 'it's taken 10 years to seen the landmark'", "Brooklyn Beckham and fiancée Nicola Peltz appear to have moved house as the star reclines in an empty room... after postponing their wedding", "Millie Mackintosh shares a glimpse at her busy morning as she runs errands, shops for flowers and dashes to lunch meetings in a series of chic looks", "X-Factor semi-finalist Danny Tetley has his sentence for sexually exploiting seven boys CUT after judge rules term was too severe", "Brian May admits he's 'grateful to be alive' after suffering a heart attack and being left in 'excruciating' pain following allergic reaction to medication", "Kylie Minogue, 52, looks effortlessly stylish in a trench coat and chic lace blouse as she heads home after performing in Radio 1's Live Lounge", "Love Island's Rebecca Gormley looks incredible as she showcases her washboard abs in tiny green lingerie for new sizzling photoshoot", "Victoria Beckham models her spiky cropped mane in adorable throwback with son Brooklyn from when he was a tot Adorable throwback", "Christina Milian showcases her washboard abs in a TINY animal print bikini as she settles into island life in Mauritius Stunning", "Simon Cowell gets a new set of veneers as smiling star poses at the dentist amid recovery from back surgery following electric bike accident", "Cardi B spends $130K on new Hermès Birkin bags before clapping back at racist trolls who said items have 'lost their value' because of black women", "Hold Still - and say cheese! Kate Middleton shares touching photos of contributors to her lockdown photography project posing beside their portraits", "Victoria Derbyshire apologises for saying she would break 'Rule of Six' to see her elderly parents if law is still in place at Christmas", "Kylie Jenner reveals her toned tummy as she visits a pop-up exhibit to encourage voting in the November 3 general election Top of the crops", "Award-winning Sky hit Chernobyl becomes show most likely to hook viewers from start to finish The Sky and HBO hit first aired in 2019", "dmg media Contact us How to complain Leadership Team Advertise with us Contributors Work with Us Terms Do not sell my info CA Privacy Notice Privacy policy & cookies" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to give yourself a foot massage | Daily Mail Online\n\n * Home\n * U.K.\n * News\n * Sports\n * U.S. Showbiz\n * Australia\n * Femail\n * Health\n * Science\n * Money\n * Video\n * Travel\n * Shop\n * DailyMailTV\n\n * Latest Headlines\n * Covid-19\n * Dr Anthony Fauci\n * CDC\n * WHO\n * Games\n\n * My Profile\n * Logout\n\n * Login\n\nPrivacy Policy Feedback\n\nWednesday, Oct 28th 2020 1PM 72°F 4PM 72°F 5-Day Forecast\n\nAdvertisement\n\nshow ad\n\n * 'Who the hell elected you?' Ted Cruz tears into Jack Dorsey for CONTINUING to censor tweets about Hunter's emails as Republicans rip apart Twitter, Facebook and Google for 'bias'\n * Former Homeland Security chief of staff and outspoken Trump critic outs HIMSELF as the 'Anonymous' author of the 2018 NY Times tell-all op-ed about the President\n * Biden has 17 point lead over Trump in covid-surging Wisconsin and is ahead seven points in Michigan, new poll shows\n * Scientist infects himself with Covid-19 TWICE to study antibodies - and says results show that hopes of herd immunity are futile\n * Donald Trump says he hopes courts will ban counting of ANY votes arriving after November 3 in new attack on mail-in ballot deadlines\n * Texas is officially rated a 'toss-up' by respected political forecaster as votes already cast reach 91% of the state's 2016 total vote with seven full days of voting still to go\n * PICTURED: Cyclist, 56, who was pushed off her bike and killed by a prankster, 20, who leaned out of a fast-moving van - before HE fell out of the vehicle and died\n * Meghan Markle bids to postpone her High Court privacy action trial over letter to her estranged father Thomas published by the Mail\n * Holocaust denial is NOT banned on Twitter, Jack Dorsey reveals as he clashes with Republican senators over Donald Trump is fact-checked but Iran's threats to Israel aren't\n * Socialist AOC appears in Vanity Fair in $14,000 of designer suits and Louboutins to call Trump a motherf****r for not paying tax - as she compares herself to Hillary and Pelosi (and gets to keep a $3,000 outfit)\n * New York is on the brink of 500,000 confirmed COVID cases - the fourth highest total in the country - as Gov. Cuomo warns that 'microclusters' will be the new norm in fall and winter\n * Nearly 800,000 US children have been infected with coronavirus - and more than 94,000 of them tested positive in the past two weeks alone\n * Hundreds of Trump supporters are left in the cold - with THIRTY treated for hypothermia - after buses fail to pick them up from Omaha air strip rally in freezing 21 degree temperatures\n * Hunter's ex-business partner reveals how he met Joe twice, releases recording of 'Biden family friend begging him not to go public' - and claims Joe's brother said 'plausible deniability' allows family to 'get away' with foreign investments\n * Doesn't having lenders write off my debts prove I'm a smart guy?' New Trump tax return revelation shows he had more than $270m in debt FORGIVEN after failing to repay lenders - including $237m on faltering Chicago Trump tower\n * Top NOAA scientist is fired after he asked new Trump-appointed staff to adhere to the agency's integrity policy that bans changing research data to fit political agenda\n * Trump tells Michigan's suburban wives 'I'm getting your husbands back to work' as he pleads for their vote and says 'you better love me'\n * Dr Fauci says it could be '2022' before things go back to normal because that's how long it will take to vaccinate everyone\n * Giuliani demands an apology from Fox host Kennedy and threatens to walk out after she compared him to Christopher Steele - the MI6 spy behind Trump's 'dirty dossier'\n * Trump campaign unveils ad showing president 'condemning white supremacy' as Joe Biden needles him over repeated refusal to speak out against extreme right wing groups\n * Dow drops 800 points in Wall Street's fourth straight day of losses as coronavirus surge dashes hopes of a speedy recovery\n * Puerto Rico scraps its 'offensive' pandemic safe sex campaign promoting masturbation as a way to avoid becoming infected with Covid\n * Joe Biden casts his vote early with Jill and will hold Saturday rally with Obama in Michigan in final stretch of election race\n * Paperclip-size brain chip is deemed 'life-altering' after paralyzed patients use it to control a computer with their MIND - beating Elon Musk's Neuralink to first human trials\n\nPrevious\n\nNext\n\n# How to give yourself a foot massage\n\nYour feet are among the easiest parts of your body to self-massage, and it's\nsomething you can do wherever you happen to be. If you are sitting, simply\nrest one foot on the opposite thigh. If you prefer to lie down, keep one leg\nbent up, and rest your other foot on your raised thigh. Give one foot a\ncomplete massage first, then transfer to the other one.\n\nA great way to start a foot massage is to soak your feet in a bowl of warm,\nscented water.\n\nFill a large bowl with warm water and add a couple of drops of your favourite\nessential oil (lavender and peppermint are excellent). Put your feet in and\nluxuriate for as long as you like before starting the foot massage.\n\nUse the photos provided to help you learn how to perform self massage. Click\non the photos to enlarge them.\n\n1: Rest the sole of your right foot on your left\n\nEnlarge\n\nknee and sandwich your foot between your hands, with your fingers facing\nforwards. Rub your hands backwards and forwards along your foot to warm the\nwhole area.\n\n2: Support the heel of your right foot with your\n\nEnlarge\n\nleft hand and clasp the toes with your right hand. Energetically squeeze,\nextend, and flex your toes to increase their flexibility.\n\n3: Still supporting your right foot with your\n\nEnlarge\n\nleft hand, massage your toes with your right hand by squeezing, twisting, and\nrolling each one in turn with your fingers.\n\n4: Place one thumb on top of the other, using your fingers to support your\nfoot, and make deep, circular thumb pressures over the sole of your foot.\nStroke the area. Repeat the whole sequence (steps 1-4) on your left foot.\n\n### Share or comment on this article:\n\n## Most watched News videos\n\n * Distressing moment morgue worker reveals piles of dead bodies\n * Massive looting breaks out in Philly after death of Walter Wallace\n * Police in Wales interrupt church service amid coronavirus pandemic\n * Thai MP slashes his wrist in anti-government protest in parliament\n * Man loses control and crashes car into gate in TikTok clip\n * 'Doesn't exist': Durham councillor claims Covid is 'a fake virus'\n * 'Very nice!' 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Why not be the first to send us your\nthoughts, or debate this issue live on our message boards.\n\nWe are no longer accepting comments on this article.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n * Like DailyMail\n * Follow DailyMail\n * Follow @dailymail\n * Follow DailyMail\n * Follow MailOnline\n * Follow Daily Mail\n\n### DON'T MISS\n\n * Adele SHUTS DOWN Skepta romance rumours as she tells fans she's a '(single) cat lady'... one year after the musicians were first linked\n * Kim Kardashian and her sisters continue to flaunt her million-dollar 40th birthday trip despite a mounting wave of disgust from celebrities and fans\n * Victoria's Secret model Candice Swanepoel displays her toned figure while in a skimpy string bikini as she enjoys the surf in Miami Beach\n * Kendall Jenner sizzles in barely-there thong bikini... as sister Kim Kardashian and family are branded 'out of touch' for over the top 40th birthday vacation\n * Lauren Goodger, 34, shows off her curves in sportswear after poking fun at the takeaways and fry-ups she's been indulging in with Charles Drury, 23\n * 'He loves being queer and feminine!' 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How THIS online store has got your new season looks sorted! Ad Feature\n * Advertisement\n\n * The Witcher's Mimi Ndiweni and Mecia Simson look radiant in regal costumes as they film scenes for the second series of the Netflix show\n * 'It looked like a shark attack!' Gary Numan's wife Gemma recalls the moment her breasts 'exploded' during a caravan trip with her husband\n * Molly-Mae Hague displays her natural lips in glamorous snap after having filler removed... as star reveals her pout is now 'half the size' Natural\n * Rochelle Humes enjoys a girly day out with daughters as they indulge in afternoon tea aboard a bus... two weeks after the birth of son Blake\n * Frail Phil Collins, 69, is helped into a wheelchair as he arrives at Genesis rehearsals amid fight over property with ex-wife Orianne Cevey, 46\n * No slowing her down! 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Strictly's Maisie Smith is worlds away from her sequins and feather as she dons slouchy streetwear and a unicorn rucksack ahead of rehearsals\n * I'm A Celebrity 2020: Ant McPartlin and Declan Donnelly battle with Wales' VERY lengthy place names as they struggle to find the camp in hilarious trailer\n * Loose Women pays tribute to guest Pamela Anderson by opening show with a Baywatch parody... as Janet Street-Porter keeps her red swimsuit on\n * Blake Shelton, 44, says he is 'extremely excited' to be engaged to Gwen Stefani, 51... after sharing the pop princess 'saved my life'\n * Greg James reveals he often relies on his iPhone 5s to conduct interviews live on air on BBC Radio 1 show despite the technology being outdated\n * 'Women are so afraid to be in a bad mood': Elisabeth Moss tells how her latest role 'emboldened' her to make 'smart and bitchy' comments\n * Strictly's same-sex pair Nicola Adams and Katya Jones prepare to tackle this year's first couple's choice as they head to rehearsals\n * Eiza Gonzalez cuts a chic figure in head-to-toe black as she hits the town with friends The Baby Driver actress, 30, looked sophisticated as she started her night\n * Dominic West's wife Catherine FitzGerald 'holds crisis talks with her family over the future of her marriage' after THOSE Lily James pictures\n * Tayshia Adams FINALLY arrives to The Bachelorette following months of rumors in wild sneak peek The wild teaser begins\n * Advertisement\n\n * Armie Hammer discusses fighting to find happiness... after announcing split from Elizabeth Chambers amid 'flirtation' with co-star Lily James\n * Heather Locklear's daughter Ava Sambora sings praises of her mother for helping her cope with anxiety: 'She is selfless and inspires me'\n * 'Bosses feel I lack credibility in roles': EastEnders' Shaun Williamson claims he can't get hired for 'serious' TV jobs because of Barry Evans' soap past\n * 'I was in such a bad way' Marnie Simpson says she was 'shocked' by Casey Johnson's proposal when she was 'at her worst'\n * Gemma Collins and Carol Vorderman compare their peachy posteriors in a hilarious 'butt-off' as they film a new TV show together Looking good\n * MIC's Oliver Proudlock and fiancée Emma Louise Connolly look smitten in a new stunning pre-wedding shoot after they postponed nuptials\n * Piers Morgan brands Kim Kardashian a 'tone-deaf imbecile' after lavish tropical 40th birthday vacation with family and friends amid Covid crisis\n * I'm A Celebrity 2020: Sir Mo Farah 'secures huge £300k fee for his first reality TV appearance as ITV splashes out £1m to sign up big names'\n * Game Of Thrones star Lena Headey 'is dating Ozark's Marc Menchaca after splitting from her husband and plans to move to the US from the UK'\n * Harry Potter star Jessie Cave breastfeeds newborn son Abraham Benjamin in sweet snap after returning home following her 'terrifying humbling' pregnancy\n * Advertisement\n\n * Ronnie Ortiz-Magro makes things Instagram official with new girlfriend... while ex Jen Harley kisses a new beau Cute couple\n * Molly-Mae Hague shares a glimpse into her fridge full of cola and yogurt as she admits she and Tommy Fury 'can't seem to get up' to go food shopping\n * Cameron Diaz, 48, has fun with her The Other Woman co-star Leslie Mann during a rollerskating stunt as she launches a new red wine for Avaline\n * Meghan Markle bids to postpone her High Court privacy action trial over letter to her estranged father Thomas published by the Mail On Sunday\n * Chris Packham leaves Autumnwatch viewers aghast by 'casually' reminiscing about how he 'French kissed a FOX' when he was a boy\n * This Morning viewers are left FUMING at the sight of a fully-decorated Christmas tree on set in October Viewers were left absolutely livid\n * Lily Collins addresses 'disheartening' Emily In Paris criticism after the show was accused of using 'outdated' stereotypes of French people\n * Sharon Osbourne reveals she and Ozzy are victims of FRAUD... after thieves used their credit cards to go on a VERY extravagant shopping spree\n * Chrissy Teigen pens a heartbreaking essay about losing son Jack at five months pregnant: 'I cried a little at first, then went into full blown convulsions'\n * Jonathan Ross' daughter Honey turns up the heat in a plunging orange catsuit and matching ears as she prepares for Halloween\n * Advertisement\n\n * Ashley Roberts wears leather look dress with oversized sleeves as she heads to work at Heart FM She loves to make a style statement\n * Olivia Attwood flaunts her phenomenal figure in sizzling lingerie-clad post... and pokes fun at cruel troll after being branded 'a dog' Stunning\n * Myleene Klass perfects a rocker chic look with statement t-shirt and leopard print accessories as she heads to work after late night DOI training\n * Holly Hagan details overcoming slut-shaming and how she couldn't think of 'anything worse' than going back on Geordie Shore\n * Olivia Culpo and Devon Windsor party in their bikinis for sizzling Instagram videos as they head to Cabo for wild week in the sun Fun in the sun\n * 'They avoided it': Kym Marsh reveals people didn't want to attend late son Archie's funeral as they 'couldn't cope with grieving such a small baby'\n * Vanderpump Rules' Scheana Shay announces pregnancy four months after miscarriage: 'I'm so excited!' Sweet\n * 'Are we meant to believe that was live and unscripted?' Loose Women fans left cringing over 'ridiculous' and 'painful' Nicole Kidman interview\n * Liam Payne oozes specs appeal as he smoulders in a collection of stylish glasses for his latest Hugo campaign Handsome\n * GBBO is accused of 'borderline racism' by viewers who are offended by contestants' decision to cook Chinese treats for 'Japanese week'\n * Advertisement\n\n * Jason Derulo's model girlfriend Jena Frumes sends temperatures soaring as she displays her washboard abs in a TINY copper bikini Sizzling\n * Lorde, 23, is seen for the first time in EIGHTEEN months as she kisses her music executive boyfriend Justin Warren, 41, in her home city of Auckland\n * Strictly's Dianne Buswell puts on a bold display as she joins Max George and Karen Hauer in arriving at rehearsals following first live show\n * Union J star Josh Lloyd-Cuthbert says he checked himself into a mental health institute after a 'turbulent and awful year' struggling with anxiety\n * Hailey Baldwin shows off her incredible figure in rose-coloured lingerie in support of Breast Cancer Awareness Month Stunning\n * Move over Sandy! Lizzie Cundy, 52, wears Grease-inspired leather trousers and a Bardot top as she goes for an acupuncture session Lizzie looked incredible\n * TOWIE: 'Learn from my mistakes!' Chloe Sims gives relationship advice to sister Frankie as she talks rocky romance with Harry Lee BEFORE their 'split'\n * Lea Michele shows off post-baby body while hiking in sports bra and compression shorts on Instagram Welcomed her first child nine weeks ago\n * Chrissy Teigen says she has 'missed' sharing her 'cookbook journey' and is back on social media... after penning an essay about losing her son Jack\n * Chris Ramsey details COVID-19 safety regulations on Little Mix: The Search as he praises the stars for being 'so caring' to contestants\n * Advertisement\n\n * 'This is tone deaf and insensitive': Kim Kardashian is slammed for bragging about her lavish tropical 40th birthday vacation amid global pandemic\n * Demi Rose puts on a sizzling display in a plunging beach cover-up... before switching into a pink sports bra for a tropical workout in the Maldives\n * 'I'm entitled to my opinion!' Piers Morgan says Kirstie Allsopp tried to get ITV executives make him APOLOGISE to her after Twitter spat\n * 'Just another actress, taking nudes in her trailer!' Busy Philipps, 41, goes TOPLESS in a bid to encourage her fans to vote early ahead of US election\n * Brandy, Erykah Badu, Teyana Taylor and H.E.R. join forces for 2020-inspired freestyle rap at the virtual BET Hip Hop Awards Iconic\n * 'It's the result of white wine and chips!' Love Island's Amy Hart hits back at claims she's had facial filler after sharing radiant snap Striking\n * Lewis Burton posts rare snap with girlfriend Lottie Tomlinson as he admits he is 'grateful' while posing in front of a private jet Cosy\n * 'The people who went to Eton can't run this country': Danny Dyer lays into Boris Johnson and clique 'who all went to same school' in rant on Covid-hit UK\n * Abbey Clancy looks typically chic in a slip dress and shades as she cosies up to her husband Peter Crouch and their four children on sunny getaway\n * 'Too accurate!': Mischa Barton shares The OC throwback of her character Marissa Cooper SCREAMING as she laments 2020 Hilarious\n * Advertisement\n\n * 'She brought out this sexual person' Grease's Didi Conn insists Sandy was 'emancipated' by raunchy transformation as she brushes off claims the film is sexist\n * Sam Smith reveals they have had a hair transplant and claims they 'don't have anything to hide' after it became a 'touchy' subject for them\n * Victoria's Secret vet Jasmine Tookes flashes her $250K ring as she is seen for the first time since getting engaged to Juan David Borrero Bling!\n * Rob Kardashian snaps up rare Tom Brady sports card during late night shopping spree which could be worth a huge $250k Scored a jackpot\n * 'Hottie alert': Lily Allen fangirls over her handsome new husband David Harbour as he graces the cover of a cigar magazine Sweet\n * TOWIE's Amber Turner channels her inner warrior in a plunging semi-sheer leotard as she poses with chainsticks for Halloween special\n * Princess Sofia of Sweden is chic in a striped coat as she joins her husband Prince Carl Philip on a visit to Varmland County\n * 'This week two malarkey is really hard!' Strictly's Ranvir Singh is forced to host GMB with her foot dipped in ICE as she struggles with hours of training\n * Nigella Lawson admits she didn't think she'd reach 60 after her mother, sister and husband all tragically died before they were 50\n * Kylie Jenner flashes her abs in a low-cut sports bra as she and daughter Stormi, 2, get in the Halloween spirit at Nights Of The Jack event\n * Advertisement\n\n * Nick Knowles tried to buy I'm A Celeb's Gwrych Castle in Wales for £5 to renovate it... but withdrew when he realised he'd need £1.5m to do so\n * Michael Sheen transforms into Joaquin Phoenix's The Joker for There's Something About Movies Recreated\n * Maya Jama puts on a VERY busty display in a skintight PVC catsuit as she prowls around in sizzling video ahead of Don't Hate The Playaz Halloween special\n * ' Cameron Diaz hasn't ruled out a return to acting but insists being a mother is the 'happiest time of my life'\n * Kim Kardashian stuns in metallic gold mini dress as she shares videos from her lavish 40th birthday bash on a private island... amid social media backlash\n * 'Sexy is not a look, it's a mindset': Saira Khan, 50, showcases her incredible figure as she poses in black lingerie for sizzling Instagram clip\n * Two And A Half Men's reclusive star Angus T. Jones spotted as he leaves his house to watch firefighters extinguish blaze right near his LA home\n * Sofia Richie keeps a low profile in a red sweatshirt and baseball cap as she grabs lunch with pals in Beverly Hills Low-key outing\n * Bella Hadid shows off her taut midriff as she poses up in front of Ruth Bader Ginsburg artwork and get-out-the-vote wall message Bella looked great\n * Nicole Scherzinger showcases her incredible curves in a striped bikini as she marks the end of summer with idyllic beach snap\n * Sophie Turner keeps cozy in a sweatsuit and she and husband Joe Jonas enjoy an evening walk with their newborn daughter Willa Casual outing\n * Megan McKenna 'joins celebrity dating app Raya after split from London businessman Josh Riley' Megan has joined the A-list dating app\n * Hayden Panettiere appears in great spirits as she is spotted in Beverly Hills after dropping off her ballot The 31-year-old actress flashed a peace sign\n * Kourtney Kardashian enjoys a dip with pals Harry Hudson and Fai Khadra on her sister Kim's 40th birthday getaway Fun with friends\n * Apprentice star Bushra Shaikh says she will break rule of six to spend Christmas day with 15 loved ones because she 'knows what's best' for family\n * The Sister viewers 'switch off' as they bemoan Russell Tovey's 'constant mumbling' and the slow-paced plot of the supernatural thriller\n * Matthew McConaughey talks to Oprah Winfrey about the moment he met his now-wife Camila Alves 14 years ago: 'We had a great connection'\n * Kendall Jenner shows off bombshell figure in slinky green dress after returning from Kim Kardashian's 40th birthday island getaway Stunning\n * Kanye West WAS present during Kim Kardashian's controversial island getaway... though he did miss her actual birthday By her side\n * 'If I could vote in America, I'd vote with kindness': Harry Styles endorses Joe Biden in presidential election against Donald Trump Go vote\n * Jennifer Lopez looks utterly elegant as she wears a flowing cream skirt and striped sweater: 'It's a Dior kind of day' Striking\n * Khloe Kardashian gets into the Halloween spirit by taking daughter True to Nights of the Jack After a controversial island getaway\n * April Love Geary is back in black as the pregnant model hits Santa Monica in a form-fitting dress Apr dressed up a little for an afternoon outing\n * Jessica Alba and Cash Warren twin in black ensembles as they shop for Halloween costumes in Los Angeles Alba, 39, was dressed in a black sweater\n * The Kissing Booth's Jacob Elordi shows off his perfect abs as he goes surfing in Malibu without girlfriend Kaia Gerber Fun in the sun\n * Gwen Stefani and Blake Shelton are engaged! The pop star, 51, and country crooner, 44, are set to wed as she flashes a diamond ring\n * Helen Mirren reveals watching the Los Angeles Dodgers win the World Series has made her a baseball fan Fans across the City of Angels\n * TOWIE SPOILER: Yazmin Oukhellou looks set for a showdown with Amber Turner after being stuck in the middle of Nicole Bass row\n * Emma Roberts reveals that she stays up to date on Tumblr with a secret account that only has six followers Emma likes to keep up with Tumblr\n * Alessandra Ambrosio showcases her washboard abs in crop top and rolled up sweats as she plays beach volleyball in LA Top of the crops\n * Karlie Kloss wears a Biden/Harris mask as she votes early... despite being the sister-in-law of Trump advisor Jared Kushner Karlie made it clear\n * Kourtney Kardashian displays her sensational physique in a skimpy black bikini during beach getaway for sister Kim's 40th birthday\n * Stella Maxwell drapes her model figure in a Gucci velour tracksuit as she runs errands in LA The model looked effortlessly stylish\n * Selma Blair models stylish striped sweater while stepping out for LA coffee run with beau Ron Carlson Selma was spotted stepping out\n * I'm A Celebrity 2020: Sir Mo Farah 'joins the star-studded line-up for Wales series with the Olympian set to make his first reality TV appearance'\n * Serena Williams and daughter Olympia, three, team up for heartwarming duet of PAW Patrol theme song on Instagram Adorable\n\nAdvertisement\n\n * Today's headlines\n * Most Read\n\n * UK Coronavirus death toll passes 60,000 with the most daily deaths since May: Britain records 367 more...\n * Ministers confirm ALL of Nottinghamshire will enter Tier 3 from Friday with shops banned from selling...\n * Around 1.4% of hospitalised Covid-19 patients will suffer a stroke, scientists warn\n * Britain's vaccine tsar warns first approved Covid-19 jabs may be 'imperfect' and admits they may not work at...\n * What's wrong with a 'lampshade'? Experts say a flattened curve is EXACTLY what UK wanted and ask 'what...\n * Covid-19 death rate in hospital patients 'fell by HALF' between March and June, study shows\n * Different Covid-19 vaccines must be thoroughly compared to ensure only the most effective are used, Oxford...\n * PM under new pressure for second lockdown: SAGE scientists predict coronavirus second wave 'could be...\n * Number 10's publicly-available coronavirus statistics are 'disparate' and mask the true scale of England's...\n * Millions of pounds being wasted on 'ineffective' private contact tracers should be spent on...\n * Fascinating heatmaps reveal how quickly Covid-19 swept across Britain during the second wave\n * Now Leeds and Edinburgh hospitals cancel non-urgent ops to make room for Covid-19 patients as top surgeon...\n * Britain's Covid-19 deaths rose by 55% in a week with 761 victims recorded in latest seven-day spell (but...\n * You're now just as likely to catch Covid-19 IN England as you are abroad, official data suggests\n * More proof vitamin D cuts your risk of getting severely ill from Covid? Study finds deficiencies in the...\n\n * MORE HEADLINES\n\n * Nearly 800,000 US children have been infected with coronavirus - and more than 94,000 of them tested positive in the past two weeks alone\n * About 20% of US adults under 30 do NOT wear a face mask - and most of those take one or NO other precautions to slow the spread of coronavirus, CDC report suggests\n * Trump administration will pay Eli Lilly $375 million for 300,000 doses of its coronavirus antibody drug if FDA approves the treatment\n * MOST READ IN DETAIL\n\n### more don'T MISS\n\n * Ozark's Julia Garner rocks a Dior ensemble as she channels pseudo socialite Anna Delvey on the set of Netflix's Inventing Anna in NYC Looking good\n * 'You have lit up our lives': Love Island's Camilla Thurlow reveals she's welcomed a baby girl named Nell with boyfriend Jamie Jewitt Sweet\n * Goldie Hawn looks fit as a fiddle while she and longtime love Kurt Russell run errands out in LA Goldie was spotted stepping out\n * CHRISTOPHER STEVENS reviews last night's TV: Crumbs! Bake Off has swapped its joyful japes for biting barbs One to watch\n * Tamar Braxton denies hitting her ex-boyfriend David Adefeso while he was driving... as she claims he has a tape of the alleged attack and won't release it\n * Cara Delevingne dresses up as Eeyore as she and Ashley Graham lead a host of models channeling iconic Disney characters for selfies\n * Madonna, 62, is kissed by her toyboy boyfriend Ahlamalik Williams, 26, while pressed against a chain-link fence in a VERY racy pink-haired photo shoot\n * Luke Evans 'seemingly splits from his boyfriend Rafa Olarra' as he unfollows him on Instagram after a year of dating\n * Victoria's Secret model Georgia Fowler stuns in a slinky white dress as she pops champagne at re-imagined Melbourne Cup Carnival Celebration in Sydney\n * Jennifer Hudson's Aretha Franklin biopic Respect's box office arrival delayed by MGM for seven months amid coronavirus pandemic Delayed\n * Bindi Irwin shows off her blossoming baby bump in her signature khakis as she reveals she's 'getting close to the halfway point' of her pregnancy\n * Kendall Jenner showcases her incredible figure in two different string bikinis in throwback clips from sister Kim Kardashian's 40th birthday break\n * 'I feel good!': Ciara showcases her post-baby body in a snake print coat... as she reveals she only has 35 pounds to go\n * 'I don't think anyone is telling that story!' Corrie's Antony Cotton talks Sean Tully's moving new single dad storyline\n * Dawn Ward's daughter Taylor FINALLY goes Instagram official with Manchester City star Riyad Mahrez after his split from model wife Rita\n * Emily Ratajkowski bares a hint of baby bump in unbuttoned shirt on NYC outing after revealing she is 20 weeks pregnant with her first child\n * Kim Kardashian gives inside look at her birthday festivities as she reveals guests quarantined for two weeks to celebrate 40th on a private island\n * Great British Bake Off: Mark Lutton is eliminated after his disastrous showstopper cake is branded 'INEDIBLE' on show's first Japanese week\n * Kendall Jenner highlights her slim figure in sports bra and leggings for smoothie run with pals Hailey Bieber and Justine Skye following their workout\n * Joel Kinnaman signs on to play NFL player Jerry Smith in upcoming Civil Rights drama Joel is heading to the gridiron for his next film\n * TV historian Lucy Worsley leads 'review' of royal palaces' links to slavery including Prince William and Kate Middleton's Kensington Palace home\n * Caitlyn Jenner recalls filming I Am Cait BEFORE she publicly came out as transgender as she reunites with her castmates five years on\n * Machine Gun Kelly says falling in love with Megan Fox has changed his life and made him 'a better person' after previously being 'coked out of my mind'\n * Ashley Benson and G-Eazy get in the Halloween mood at Nights of the Jack before a late dinner with their friends in Hollywood\n * David and Victoria Beckham 'consider splashing £350k to hire Soho Farmhouse for Brooklyn's wedding (and that doesn't include food and drink!)'\n * Walking Dead star Maggie Grace welcomes son with husband Brent Bushnell... as she encourages fans to vote for a 'more compassionate' future\n * EXCLUSIVE: Line Of Duty actor Craig Parkinson splits from actress wife Susan Lynch after 12 years of marriage\n * Chloë Sevigny nails casual chic in a black leather jacket and flared jeans in NYC... after her nude pregnancy shoot for Playgirl was unveiled\n * Emily Ratajkowski shows off her baby bump as she poses NUDE and confirms she is '20 weeks pregnant and getting to know my new body'\n * Sharon Osbourne reveals she has gained 10 pounds since the coronavirus quarantine began: 'It's a lot when you're, like, five-foot-one'\n * Sophia Bush beams as she cruises around in a yellow jumper and jeans with her beloved rescue dog Maggie on her Bluejay electric bicycle in LA\n * Sunrise host David 'Kochie' Koch reveals the WORST Hollywood celebrities he's ever interviewed - including the heartthrob actor who was a 'grump'\n * Neighbors co-stars Rose Byrne and Seth Rogan reunite for Apple TV+ sitcom Platonic where they will star as former best friends who reconnect as adults\n * Naomi Watts, 52, reveals the health and beauty secrets she swears by - and the best piece of wellness advice she has ever been given\n * Rita Ora looks sensational in a white blazer dress and newspaper print stilettos for her $100k Women of the Future Fund\n * Bella Hadid shows off her incredibly toned tummy in a tight Deadly Doll crop top and skimpy pink underwear while makeup-free: 'Mo'nin in the am'\n * Jaden Michael will play younger Colin Kaepernick in Ava DuVernay's Netflix limited series Colin in Black & White\n * Destiny's Child singer LeToya Luckett shares adorable first photo of her newborn son Tysun Wolf Walker Bundle of joy\n * Tamara Ecclestone and her eldest child Sophia cradle baby Serena as she shares first pictures of her newborn one month after giving birth\n * Capital Xtra host Will Njobvu departs Global Studios alongside Love Island's Yewande Biala after filming the moment he was 'racially abused' at a Tube station\n * Dancing On Ice's Faye Brookes shows off her flawless complexion as she goes make-up free after a relaxing spa pamper session in Manchester\n * Kym Marsh joins former Hear'Say bandmate Suzanne Shaw in going teetotal as pair reminisce about being 'under the microscope'\n * Saira Khan, 50, strips to racy red lingerie to promote 'passion, heat and sexuality'... and asks her children what they make of her 'sexy week' on Instagram\n * Ex-Radio One presenter Tony Wyn-Jones who was Bonnie Tyler's favourite DJ dies aged 77 after long illness The DJ died yesterday\n * Chadwick Boseman's brother Kevin reveals he overcame his own cancer battle two-years ago... two months after the Black Panther hero's death\n * Priyanka Chopra to star in new romantic drama Text For You alongside Sam Heughan and Celine Dion Star-studded cast\n * Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson beams on Norcross, Georgia set of Netflix thriller Red Notice after suffering gym injury\n * Kevin Hart and Woody Harrelson are spotted on the set of new film The Man From Toronto as the actor teases another snap on social media\n * Khloe Kardashian puts her gym-honed abs on display as she strikes a fierce pose in new Good American leggings The star, 36, looked incredible\n * Olivia Attwood catches the eye in a pale blue faux fur coat and joggers as she leaves the Dakota Hotel in Manchester carrying two Louis Vuitton bags\n * TOWIE's Chloe Brockett transforms in a Playboy Bunny while Ella Rae Wise and Kelsey Stratford become VS models in Halloween Special\n * BBC pull trailer for Oscar Pistorius documentary that did not mention Reeva Steenkamp after viewers said it showed HIM as a victim\n * Jennifer Lopez gets into the holiday spirit with her mother Guadalupe and twins Emme and Max for a very merry Coach campaign\n * 'Yes I'm game, I'm totally game': Bette Midler says Hocus Pocus co-stars Sarah Jessica Parker and Kathy Najimy have ALL said yes to a sequel\n * Jordana Brewster throws caution to the wind as she pulls off her boyfriend Mason Morfit's face covering for a VERY passionate kiss\n * Jenna Dewan is every inch the doting mum as she goes barefoot during a fun-filled park outing with her daughter and baby son in Los Angeles\n * 'She dumped him because she got bored' Anna Wintour, 70, split with Shelby Bryan for the same reason she left her first husband\n * Strictly's Nicola Adams and Katya Jones will tackle the couple's choice this week while Caroline Quentin will perform a feisty paso doble\n * Brooke Burke puts on a VERY amorous display as she packs on the PDA with boyfriend Scott Rigsby after Malibu dinner date\n * Jenson Button's pregnant fiancée Brittny Ward dresses her blossoming baby bump in sportswear as she picks up pumpkins during Halloween shop\n * Rod Stewart's guitarist recalls moment rocker's long-lost daughter Sarah Streeter turned up at their recording studio wanting to meet her father\n * Daisy Lowe keeps things casual in a tie-dye tracksuit and cosy scarf as she steps out make-up free for low-key outing with her beloved dog\n * Zara McDermott wows in hotpants and a crop top for racy new shoot... after ex Sam Thompson claimed he had her 'full permission' to post mocking video\n * Braless Chloe Ferry showcases her surgically-enhanced figure as she faces the Newcastle rain in just a TINY crop top and ripped jeans\n * Saved By Bell reboot brings Mark-Paul Gosselaar, Tiffani Thiessen, Mario Lopez and Elizabeth Berkley back together as trailer finally drops\n * Salma Hayek shares her gratitude to first responders as she uploads photo of 'saved' Napa Valley vineyard surrounded by wildfire\n * 'I worry this Christmas could be my last': Linda Nolan fears for the future amid her cancer battle... and says not having children is her 'biggest regret'\n * Rachel Riley commands attention in red loungewear with pink tassels and bow-adorned trainers as she leaves the Countdown studios\n * Demi Lovato confirms she is set to host the 2020 E! People's Choice Awards which will be held in the Barker Hanger in Santa Monica\n * Isla Fisher steps out in a bright yellow jacket in LA with bodyguard... as husband Sacha Baron Cohen reveals he wore bulletproof vest on Borat 2 set\n * Olivia Munn leaves the gym wearing what appears to be an engagement ring... after revealing she split from boyfriend Tucker Roberts last year\n * Pregnant April Love Geary covers her blossoming baby bump in all-black ensemble during trip to the grocery store\n * Phil Collins may have to wait up to three years to evict ex-wife and her toyboy husband from his Miami Beach home because of Covid-19\n * 'Thieves' accused of £50m raid on Tamara Ecclestone's mansion appear in court as maid, 47, her barman son, 29, and security worker, 52, deny burglary plot\n * Sam Faiers displays her taut midriff and cleavage in a slinky grey bra and knitted trousers as she poses up a storm during a luxury hotel photoshoot\n * Kirsty Gallacher discusses the 'stress' of becoming a single mother and learning to cope with being alone after hitting 'rock bottom'\n * Katherine Kelly Lang dishes how The Bold and The Beautiful is keeping 'the romance going' with safety protocols\n * The Haunting Of Bly Manor is voted one of the best shows to 'Netflix and Chill' to (because it's so long-winded and dry there's nothing better to do!)\n * Jenna Coleman fuels up on coffee on casual stroll as the house she shared with ex Tom Hughes goes on the market three months after split\n * Joe Jonas and Sophie Turner take their three-month-old daughter Willa for a stroll... after the actress called her husband an 'absolute babe'\n * Gianluca Vacchi, 53, reveals model girlfriend Sharon Fonseca, 25, has given birth to a baby girl as he shares first family snap Italian playboy\n * Harry Potter star Tom Felton and his on-screen father Jason Isaacs share an amusing video for TikTok challenge Hilarious\n * Shannen Doherty shares a message of strength while battling stage IV cancer in an exclusive sneak peek of her emotional ET interview\n * Paris Hilton's mother Kathy Hilton, 61, 'has joined sister Kyle Richards, 51, for season 11 of the Real Housewives Of Beverly Hills'\n * Paulina Porizkova says she is struggling with depression after moving out of the New York townhouse she shared with late husband Ric Ocasek\n * Jennifer Lawrence clarifies her voting record after admitting she used to be 'a little Republican': 'I am proud to say I am a Democrat'\n * Love Island's Hannah Elizabeth shares throwback snap with late Hugh Hefner... before channelling her inner Playboy bunny in sexy costume\n * Denise Richards, 49, continues to look glum while in Spain to promote her new series Glow And Darkness with Joan Collins and Jane Seymour\n * Harry Potter star Jessie Cave and son Abraham Benjamin are discharged from hospital after her 'terrifying and humbling' pregnancy\n * Bob Dylan ponders Jewish identity and reveals Lay Lady Lay was about Barbra Streisand in 1971 letters to be auctioned off next month\n * Belgium's illegitimate princess meets her father King Albert and his wife for the first time since winning legal battle to be accepted as his daughter\n * Shawn Mendes calls girlfriend Camila Cabello his queen in cozy kitchen snap where the couple cuddle on the counter in their pajamas\n * Kanye West reacts to Jennifer Aniston's plea to NOT vote for the rapper during the presidential election: 'Wow, got em shook' Hit back\n * Marcus Rashford shows he's not all about political briefs as Manchester United striker fronts Nike's latest underwear campaign\n * Sasha Obama, 19, lip syncs to profanity-filled rap song in viral TikTok video (that was deleted as soon as fans recognised former First Daughter)\n * George Clooney transforms into a bearded elderly scientist as he battles to save Felicity Jones' astronaut in first trailer for The Midnight Sky\n * The Wanted's Tom Parker and wife Kelsey welcome their second child... weeks after the singer, 32, announced his terminal brain tumour diagnosis\n * Jennifer Lopez and Armie Hammer on board to star as engaged couple who get more than they bargained for in action-comedy Shotgun Wedding\n * Selena Gomez reveals the 2020 election will be her first time voting as she declares 'my vote counts' The 28-year-old made the confession\n * Lisa Maffia turns heads in a tight red top and matching leather jogging bottoms as she arrives at a photography studio So Solid Crew musician\n * Elsa Hosk puts her bump on display in a semi-sheer dress as she poses by the Bixby Creek Bridge in Big Sur: 'Cashmere wrapped baby'\n * Sally Phillips reveals her son Olly who has Down's syndrome has got his first job as an eSports star for inclusive tournament\n * Kim Kardashian jets into LA with Kendall Jenner and Scott Disick after celebrating her milestone 40th birthday with beach getaway Spotted at an airport\n * Katie Price denies 'lavish lifestyle' in Zoom call to bankruptcy hearing... then extends her £1,400-a-night Maldives holiday by a week\n * Love Island's Anna Vakili showcases her eye-popping curves in a sizzling crimson bikini in a throwback snap from Dubai Sizzling\n * Rebecca Ferguson and husband Rory dote on daughter Sage, 2, on a stroll through Venice during a break from Mission Impossible 7's filming schedule\n * Nicole Kidman says her The Undoing co-star Hugh Grant is 'fascinated' with the 'secret language' she uses with her younger sister\n * Marissa Jaret Winokur showcases her staggering 50lb weight loss as she struts around in a sparkly patriotic bikini to drop off her ballot\n * Strictly's Nicola Adams arrives for training the morning after her model girlfriend Ella Baig, 22, threw her a surprise 38th birthday party\n * Jacqui Smith reveals she's been 'courting' new boyfriend on Zoom after going on first date in 33 YEARS... as she credits divorce with inspiring Strictly stint\n * Love Island's Eve Gale leaves little to the imagination as she shows off her toned curves in tiny yellow sheer lace lingerie for new racy snap\n * Chris Kamara details his experience of racism in the 70s when he was forced to drink OUTSIDE a pub after being told 'we don't serve your kind in here'\n * Pregnant Charlotte Dawson announces she's taking a break from Instagram due to incessant trolling and admits she 'used to be able to handle it'\n * Love Island's Ellie Brown puts on a cheeky display in skimpy string bikini as she strikes sultry pose in the sea during Dubai break Ellie looked sensational\n * Malin Andersson flaunts her bottom in a scanty thong in latest sexy snap as she continues to relax at a spa retreat\n * TOWIE's Yazmin Oukhellou transforms into a botched surgery victim in a blood-stained dress as she cosies up to 'Doctor Death' James Lock\n * Jersey Shore star Angelina Pivarnick reveals 'amazing' progress on her backside after getting butt injections New look\n * TOWIE stars Chloe Sims and Bobby Norris face backlash from fans over Oral B whitening toothpaste adverts - while a dentist brands them 'disingenuous'\n * 'They're chomping at the bit!' Nicole Kidman reveals she won't let her children join Instagram as she struggles to monitor technology Not yet\n * Drake's fans are left puzzled and disgusted by the unorthodox menu from his 34th birthday party Listed an unusual mac and cheese\n * Megan McKenna exudes elegance in a black bikini and white beach skirt as she poses in the lobby of her lavish Dubai hotel Stunning\n * Jess Wright shows off her sensational figure in a frilly white bikini as she enjoys a dip in the pool at her luxury penthouse suite in Dubai\n * Loose Women star Brenda Edwards didn't know she was pregnant until she was FIVE MONTHS and found out when she blacked out at her 21st birthday party\n * Molly-Mae Hague continues to display the results of her dissolved lip filler as Tommy Fury gushes he's the 'luckiest man in the world' on date night\n * Assassin's Creed live-action series 'in development' at Netflix Four years after Michael Fassbender starred in a big-screen adaptation\n * 'I'm a fighter! I've got Irish blood!' Joni Mitchell, 76, reveals she is still struggling to walk five years after her brain aneurysm and vows to focus on her recovery\n * The Crown's Emma Corrin wows in a vibrant pink tulle dress and regal red and white top as she leads ELLE's Rising Hollywood Stars To Watch\n * Monica Aldama talks DWTS elimination... and acts coy over possibility of Cheer season two The 50-year-old Texan only received a score of 22\n * Olympic sprinter Dina Asher-Smith dazzles in showstopping couture ensembles for new Wonderland magazine shoot Stunning\n * Shane Warne's son Jackson, 21, tastes beer for the FIRST TIME and enjoys it - as his famous father cheers on from the sidelines\n * Shirley Ballas reveals she's gone back to counselling since writing memoir to help her 'learn to love herself'\n * Princess Mary beams as she pairs a chic plum pantsuit with a face mask while unveiling a Christmas stamp collection as part of Danish festivities\n * Demi Rose puts on a VERY eye-popping display in a tiny brown snakeskin bikini as she shares sizzling snaps from the Maldives Stunning\n * Camilla dons a royal blue suit and floral mask as she joins Matt Hancock at Paddington Station to see the work of COVID-sniffing dogs in action\n * Arrow and The Flash actor Stephen Amell, 39, tests positive for COVID-19: 'I have actively tried to avoid this virus. And guess what? I f****ing got it'\n * Angie Best goes shopping with partner Mark Miller... after telling of the effect ex-husband George Best's alcoholism had on her and son Calum\n * Buckingham Palace denies reports Queen and the Royal Family will not attend church at Sandringham on Christmas day: 'it's too early to make decision'\n * Conan O'Brien reveals his set for late night show was burglarized... with several laptops and the slate stolen: 'I can't think of anything lower'\n * Gisele Bundchen, 40, thinks aging is 'beautiful' but 'challenging': 'I've definitely seen changes in my skin over the years'\n * Emily Ratajkowski accentuates her baby bump in fitted cut-out dress as she emerges for the first time since announcing pregnancy Stepping out\n * Victoria Wood spent her final days watching MasterChef, listening to Radio 3 and devising a sketch about tidying her sock drawer - and was 'in denial' about dying\n * 'I didn't have time to sew it back up!' Lorraine Kelly is forced to do a quick mid-show outfit change as the button on her red dress pops off\n * Pregnant Ashley James displays her 30-week baby bump in lavender lingerie in sweet video... after revealing anxiety over breastfeeding\n * Rochelle Humes shares adorable snap of baby son Blake wearing a Peaky Blinders flat cap as she takes him to be registered Cute\n * Love Island's Alexandra Cane leaves little to the imagination as she poses braless in a crop top and briefs The Love Island star, 29, looked incredible\n * Pregnant Kate Lawler, 40, covers her burgeoning bump in a stylish shearling coat as she joins fiancé Martin on dog walk in London Big Brother star\n * Johnny Depp's Judgement Day: Star will learn Monday if he has won libel war with newspaper that labelled him a 'wife beater' over Amber Heard\n * Tom Hardy appears in great spirits as he takes selfies with students in the street amid claims he's set to become the next James Bond Loving life\n * Shop Gear! Jeremy Clarkson is accused of breaking rules at his Oxfordshire farm store by stocking non-local produce Opened shop in February\n * Ashley Roberts nails autumn chic in a two-tone denim jacket and kooky ankle-tie pants as she leaves Heart FM The Pussycat Dolls star, 39, looked great\n * Strictly's Janette Manrara opts for pastel loungewear and a protective visor as she joins Jamie Laing and HRVY heading to rehearsals\n * Cheryl Burke performs with AJ McLean on Dancing with the Stars after suffering a head injury during practice The pro dancer was 'doing okay'\n * Myleene Klass looks chic in polka-dot trousers accessorised with her favourite Chanel bag as she heads to work at Smooth Radio\n * 'My heart is shattered into a million pieces': Jamie Foxx's sister DeOndra who had Down Syndrome has died at the age of 36 Heartbreaking\n * Suki Waterhouse shows off her VERY racy Grinch costume before comparing her pink mini dress to a feather duster as she puts on a fashion show\n * Lauren Pope is every inch the multi-tasking mummy as treats herself to a face mask while cradling daughter Raine and snapping selfies\n * Coronation Street's Kimberly Hart-Simpson showcases her toned figure in grey leggings and a cropped jacket as she works out in a park Working up a sweat\n * Coronation Street recasts Summer Spellman as she heads back to reunite with Todd Grimshaw... after actress Matilda Freeman quit the soap\n * Bella Thorne puts on a racy display in bondage-inspired underwear as she poses with braless Too Hot To Handle star Francesca Farago during shoot\n * TOWIE's Frankie Sims shows ex Harry Lee what he's missing as she sizzles in cobalt blue lingerie set... after 'splitting in row over Chloe Brockett'\n * Teyana Taylor showcases her INCREDIBLE postpartum figure in a red bikini one month after welcoming her second child Rue\n * Harry and Meghan shelled out $400 an hour to record podcast at beachfront rental rather than invite the teens to their mansion\n * Vogue Williams showcases her incredible figure in a tiny yellow bikini as she cradles baby daughter Gigi during St. Barts beach break\n * Geordie Shore's Sophie Kasaei showcases her hourglass curves in a shimmering lilac and pink bikini as she pines for the beach\n * Lily Allen gets ready for Halloween as she preens, pouts and poses while toying with spooky Instagram filters Loving life\n * Mother of Princess Beatrice's stepson Dara Huang poses for snaps outside Buckingham Palace as she teases 'it's taken 10 years to seen the landmark'\n * Brooklyn Beckham and fiancée Nicola Peltz appear to have moved house as the star reclines in an empty room... after postponing their wedding\n * Millie Mackintosh shares a glimpse at her busy morning as she runs errands, shops for flowers and dashes to lunch meetings in a series of chic looks\n * X-Factor semi-finalist Danny Tetley has his sentence for sexually exploiting seven boys CUT after judge rules term was too severe\n * Brian May admits he's 'grateful to be alive' after suffering a heart attack and being left in 'excruciating' pain following allergic reaction to medication\n * Kylie Minogue, 52, looks effortlessly stylish in a trench coat and chic lace blouse as she heads home after performing in Radio 1's Live Lounge\n * Love Island's Rebecca Gormley looks incredible as she showcases her washboard abs in tiny green lingerie for new sizzling photoshoot\n * Victoria Beckham models her spiky cropped mane in adorable throwback with son Brooklyn from when he was a tot Adorable throwback\n * Christina Milian showcases her washboard abs in a TINY animal print bikini as she settles into island life in Mauritius Stunning\n * Simon Cowell gets a new set of veneers as smiling star poses at the dentist amid recovery from back surgery following electric bike accident\n * Cardi B spends $130K on new Hermès Birkin bags before clapping back at racist trolls who said items have 'lost their value' because of black women\n * Hold Still - and say cheese! Kate Middleton shares touching photos of contributors to her lockdown photography project posing beside their portraits\n * Victoria Derbyshire apologises for saying she would break 'Rule of Six' to see her elderly parents if law is still in place at Christmas\n * Kylie Jenner reveals her toned tummy as she visits a pop-up exhibit to encourage voting in the November 3 general election Top of the crops\n * Award-winning Sky hit Chernobyl becomes show most likely to hook viewers from start to finish The Sky and HBO hit first aired in 2019\n\n### SHOP BY CATEGORY\n\n * Fitness\n\n * Exercise Bikes\n * Free Weights Kettle Bells\n * Pilates\n * Fitness\n * Yoga\n\n * Beauty\n\n * Makeup Tools Accessories\n * Makeup Sets\n * Hand Cream\n * Mascara\n * Tinted Moisturizer\n\n * Family\n\n * Carriers\n * Puzzles\n * Travel Systems\n * Pregnancy Pillows\n * Board Games\n\n * Home\n\n * Dining Room Sets\n * Nightstands\n * Dining Chairs\n * Console Tables\n * Bathroom Drawer Organizers\n\n * Patio Dining Furniture\n\n * Chairs\n * Picnic Tables\n * Patio Dining Furniture Sets\n * Patio Dining Furniture\n * Tables\n\n * Pets\n\n * Dog Toys\n * Treats\n * Small Pet Toys\n * Dog Clothes Accessories\n * Food Treats\n\n### Head Start to Home Cooked\n\nGet Recipes\n\nmore\n\nNEW ARTICLESHomeTop\n\nShare\n\n * Back to top\n\n * Home\n * U.K.\n * News\n * Sports\n * U.S. Showbiz\n * Australia\n * Femail\n * Health\n * Science\n * Money\n * Video\n * Travel\n * Shop\n * DailyMailTV\n\nSitemap Archive Video Archive Topics Index Mobile Apps Screensaver RSS Text-\nbased site Reader Prints Our Papers Top of page Daily Mail Mail on Sunday This\nis Money Metro Jobsite Mail Travel Zoopla.co.uk Prime Location\n\nPublished by Associated Newspapers Ltd\n\nPart of the Daily Mail, The Mail on Sunday & Metro Media Group\n\ndmg media Contact us How to complain Leadership Team Advertise with us\nContributors Work with Us Terms Do not sell my info CA Privacy Notice Privacy\npolicy & cookies\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/beauty/six-easy-steps-for-a-diy-pedicure-20090623-cunr.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201129112903/https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/beauty/six-easy-steps-for-a-diy-pedicure-20090623-cunr.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Six easy steps for a DIY pedicure", "passages": [ "Pampering doesn't have to be all or nothing in these trying financial times. There's a way to keep up with spa-quality pedicures at a fraction of the price. Here's how to do it yourself.", "You probably have a perfect pedi spot right in your home - the bathtub. You can easily sit on the edge with your feet inside. Create a relaxing area by lighting a candle with hints of lavender or lime. Pour a glass of wine, and you're on your way.", "Fill the tub with enough warm water to reach your ankles, and add a dash of soaping product. Be careful with water temperature says US podiatrist Roxanne Burgess. Soaking can soften calloused areas, but if the water is too hot, it can suck the moisture out of your feet. While you soak one, work on the other, taking off old nail polish using cotton balls and nail polish remover.", "Feet get battered through footwear that rubs our toes and heels. To smooth out the roughness, use a footscrub that combines a bit of gentle, gritty substance to slough off dry skin as well as a moisturiser. No time to get to the shop? Head to the kitchen. Try adding a scoop of poppy seeds to any lotion to make a scrub. Epsom salt mixed with a bit of olive oil will do the trick as well. A pumice stone can be used wet or dry to smooth out rough feet.", "Cleanliness and sterilisation are always important and the key to avoiding toe fungus. To be safe, give your tools a quick wipe with rubbing alcohol before you start. Dry your foot then trim the nails straight across with nail clippers to lessen the chance of painful ingrown toenails. Toenails should be kept short. If not, they'll rub against shoes and the pressure will turn the nail bed black. Contrary to some advice, do not push back or trim cuticles, as they attach the skin to the nail plate and keep fungus from getting under the nail.", "Once you've trimmed and smoothed add a little extra moisture. Try a product with shea butter, coconut milk and vitamin E to help soften and smooth the skin. Give yourself a mini massage, working the lotion between toes, around the ankle and up the calf. If you need an extra boost to keep cuticles pliable, drop a dot of cuticle oil on each toe and work around the nail bed.", "Now you're ready for polish. You can use toe separators but a piece of tissue works just as well (rolled up length-wise and woven between the toes to keep them apart). Use a cotton swab dipped in polish remover to make sure the nail bed is clean and dry before applying a base coat. Be bold with toe colour - here's your chance to add some trendy zip to your wardrobe.", "Don't use products that shave your feet using a razor - they can do serious damage and can spread bacteria that lead to fungus. Instead, use a gentle exfoliator like a pumice stone.", "To give your feet an intense moisture blast, thickly cover heels and problem areas with lotion and wrap feet in plastic wrap, podiatrist Burgess says. Then put on socks and say goodnight. In the morning, the dead skin should be easier to take off. If not, a prescription cream may be needed.", "Give your feet time to breathe. Burgess says taking a break from socks and shoes gives your feet a chance to dry out. It also helps limit breeding conditions for foot fungus." ] }, "parsed_md": "Six easy steps for a DIY pedicure\n\nSix easy steps for a DIY pedicure\n\n * Our network\n\n## The Sydney Morning Herald\n\nSubscribe\n\n## The Sydney Morning Herald\n\n * Sections\n * Network\n\nAdvertisement\n\n * Lifestyle\n * Beauty\n\nThis was published 11 years ago\n\n# Six easy steps for a DIY pedicure\n\n## Spoil yourself with a spa pedicure for a fraction of the cost - right in\nthe privacy of your own home.\n\nJune 23, 2009 — 11.43am\n\n, register or subscribe to save articles for later.\n\nPampering doesn't have to be all or nothing in these trying financial times.\nThere's a way to keep up with spa-quality pedicures at a fraction of the\nprice. Here's how to do it yourself.\n\n1\\. Set the mood\n\nSave money and pamper yourself with an at home pedicure.\n\nYou probably have a perfect pedi spot right in your home - the bathtub. You\ncan easily sit on the edge with your feet inside. Create a relaxing area by\nlighting a candle with hints of lavender or lime. Pour a glass of wine, and\nyou're on your way.\n\n2\\. Soak\n\nAdvertisement\n\nFill the tub with enough warm water to reach your ankles, and add a dash of\nsoaping product. Be careful with water temperature says US podiatrist Roxanne\nBurgess. Soaking can soften calloused areas, but if the water is too hot, it\ncan suck the moisture out of your feet. While you soak one, work on the other,\ntaking off old nail polish using cotton balls and nail polish remover.\n\n3\\. Exfoliate\n\nFeet get battered through footwear that rubs our toes and heels. To smooth out\nthe roughness, use a footscrub that combines a bit of gentle, gritty substance\nto slough off dry skin as well as a moisturiser. No time to get to the shop?\nHead to the kitchen. Try adding a scoop of poppy seeds to any lotion to make a\nscrub. Epsom salt mixed with a bit of olive oil will do the trick as well. A\npumice stone can be used wet or dry to smooth out rough feet.\n\n4\\. Trim, clean nails\n\nCleanliness and sterilisation are always important and the key to avoiding toe\nfungus. To be safe, give your tools a quick wipe with rubbing alcohol before\nyou start. Dry your foot then trim the nails straight across with nail\nclippers to lessen the chance of painful ingrown toenails. Toenails should be\nkept short. If not, they'll rub against shoes and the pressure will turn the\nnail bed black. Contrary to some advice, do not push back or trim cuticles, as\nthey attach the skin to the nail plate and keep fungus from getting under the\nnail.\n\n5\\. Moisturise\n\nOnce you've trimmed and smoothed add a little extra moisture. Try a product\nwith shea butter, coconut milk and vitamin E to help soften and smooth the\nskin. Give yourself a mini massage, working the lotion between toes, around\nthe ankle and up the calf. If you need an extra boost to keep cuticles\npliable, drop a dot of cuticle oil on each toe and work around the nail bed.\n\n6\\. Polish\n\nNow you're ready for polish. You can use toe separators but a piece of tissue\nworks just as well (rolled up length-wise and woven between the toes to keep\nthem apart). Use a cotton swab dipped in polish remover to make sure the nail\nbed is clean and dry before applying a base coat. Be bold with toe colour -\nhere's your chance to add some trendy zip to your wardrobe.\n\nTips\n\nDon't use products that shave your feet using a razor - they can do serious\ndamage and can spread bacteria that lead to fungus. Instead, use a gentle\nexfoliator like a pumice stone.\n\nTo give your feet an intense moisture blast, thickly cover heels and problem\nareas with lotion and wrap feet in plastic wrap, podiatrist Burgess says. Then\nput on socks and say goodnight. In the morning, the dead skin should be easier\nto take off. If not, a prescription cream may be needed.\n\nLoading\n\nGive your feet time to breathe. Burgess says taking a break from socks and\nshoes gives your feet a chance to dry out. It also helps limit breeding\nconditions for foot fungus.\n\nMCT\n\n, register or subscribe to save articles for later.\n\n## Most Viewed in Lifestyle\n\nLoading\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## The Sydney Morning Herald\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * RSS\n\nCopyright © 2020\n\nFeedbackSubscribe\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://styletips101.com/nail-care/diy-pedicure.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210225042937/http://styletips101.com/nail-care/diy-pedicure.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "DIY Pedicure", "passages": [ "Since I wrote about manicures yesterday, I thought it would be a good idea to follow up with something about pedicures...mainly do-it-yourself pedicures. Unlike my hate for doing manicures, I actually love doing pedicures because I'm not so horrible at it. So here is the foolproof way to doing your own pedicure. Oh and you can refer back to my previous post to see all the tools you'll be needing.", "If your feet are dying for some extra TLC, you probably need a good soak. You can combat heavy wear and tear on your feet with weekly pedicures. Start by soaking your feet in warm water infused with essential oils or Dead Sea salts. Both of these will hydrate your skin and promote relaxation during that time.", "Start off by trimming your nails with a large, straight nail clipper which will prevent ingrowns. When you cut in a rounded shape, ingrowns can occur during regrowth. File your nails and push back your cuticles with an orangewood stick.", "Guard off all that dean skin with a coarse-grain exfoliator. For calluses, use a foot file to soften that hard skin. After rinsing, use a rich lotion to lock in the moisture. Avoid dry, cracked cuticles by using cuticle oil regularly. If you're strapped for time and can't use lotion, at least use the cuticle oil to soften your cuticles. Here's a tip: if you don't have cuticle oil, you can just as well use olive or almond oil.", "Make sure there is nothing left on the nail bed before applying your nail polish. If you must, use an acetone-free nail polish remover to remove any polish or dirt. Start with the basecoat to help prevent discoloring and then apply your nail polish followed by the topcoat. Wait at least half an hour to an hour before putting your shoes on!", "in the 1st step, if u dont have those stuff, put regualar soap n baby lotion on ur skin. Make it smmooth", "Copyright 2019 @ StyleTips101.com StyleTips101.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for websites to earn referral/advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. If you purchase a product via those links through Amazon, Amazon will pay us a referral fee, at no extra cost to you." ] }, "parsed_md": "DIY Pedicure\n\n# DIY Pedicure\n\nBy Aniela M / May 1, 2008\n\nSince I wrote about manicures yesterday, I thought it would be a good idea to\nfollow up with something about pedicures...mainly do-it-yourself pedicures.\nUnlike my hate for doing manicures, I actually love doing pedicures because\nI'm not so horrible at it. So here is the foolproof way to doing your own\npedicure. Oh and you can refer back to my previous post to see all the tools\nyou'll be needing.\n\n# DIY Pedicure\n\nSTEP 1: PREP\n\nIf your feet are dying for some extra TLC, you probably need a good soak. You\ncan combat heavy wear and tear on your feet with weekly pedicures. Start by\nsoaking your feet in warm water infused with essential oils or Dead Sea salts.\nBoth of these will hydrate your skin and promote relaxation during that time.\n\nSTEP 2: SHAPE\n\nStart off by trimming your nails with a large, straight nail clipper which\nwill prevent ingrowns. When you cut in a rounded shape, ingrowns can occur\nduring regrowth. File your nails and push back your cuticles with an\norangewood stick.\n\nSTEP 3: SMOOTH\n\nGuard off all that dean skin with a coarse-grain exfoliator. For calluses, use\na foot file to soften that hard skin. After rinsing, use a rich lotion to lock\nin the moisture. Avoid dry, cracked cuticles by using cuticle oil regularly.\nIf you're strapped for time and can't use lotion, at least use the cuticle oil\nto soften your cuticles. Here's a tip: if you don't have cuticle oil, you can\njust as well use olive or almond oil.\n\nSTEP 4: POLISH\n\nMake sure there is nothing left on the nail bed before applying your nail\npolish. If you must, use an acetone-free nail polish remover to remove any\npolish or dirt. Start with the basecoat to help prevent discoloring and then\napply your nail polish followed by the topcoat. Wait at least half an hour to\nan hour before putting your shoes on!\n\nTo see more posts like this one, check out our Nails Section!\n\n0 0 vote\n\nArticle Rating\n\nSubscribe\n\n4 Comments\n\nOldest\n\nNewest Most Voted\n\nInline Feedbacks\n\nView all comments\n\ndladyx\n\n12 years ago\n\nthis is helpful!\n\n0\n\nReply\n\nsarah :)\n\n12 years ago\n\nexfolaitor?!?!?!? whats that? 😐\n\n0\n\nReply\n\nnatasha\n\n12 years ago\n\nin the 1st step, if u dont have those stuff, put regualar soap n baby lotion\non ur skin. Make it smmooth\n\n0\n\nReply\n\nFRED\n\n11 years ago\n\nPedicures are mad shit... tell all guys you know to get one.. it’s the new\nthing!!!!!\n\n0\n\nReply\n\n←Previous post Next post→\n\n#### Latest posts\n\n##### DIY Kiwi Scrub Recipes For Super Soft Skin\n\nDecember 22, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\n##### Best Drugstore Shampoos for Oily Hair\n\nDecember 14, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\n##### The 13 Best At Home Chemical Peel Products For Glowing Skin\n\nDecember 9, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\n##### Homemade Banana Hair Mask Recipes You MUST TRY!\n\nDecember 7, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\n##### 15 Tips for Healthy, Strong Nails\n\nDecember 3, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\n##### Best Collagen Supplements for Sagging Skin\n\nDecember 1, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\n##### Does Hard Water Cause Dry Skin? 7 Effective Dry Skin Fixes\n\nNovember 27, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\n##### 20 Best DIY Beauty Hacks You NEVER KNEW ABOUT!\n\nNovember 25, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\n##### The Benefits of Coconut Water for Skin\n\nNovember 23, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\n##### 12 DIY Skin Care Treatments For Perfectly Glowing Skin\n\nNovember 20, 2020 / By Aniela M\n\nCopyright 2019 @ StyleTips101.com StyleTips101.com is a participant in the\nAmazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program\ndesigned to provide a means for websites to earn referral/advertising fees by\nadvertising and linking to Amazon.com. If you purchase a product via those\nlinks through Amazon, Amazon will pay us a referral fee, at no extra cost to\nyou.\n\n * Contact Us\n * Copyright Notice\n * Disclaimer\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * DMCA Policy\n * Affiliate Disclaimer\n\nwpDiscuz\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.aofas.org:80/footcaremd/how-to/foot-health/Pages/How-to-Practice-Good-Foot-Hygiene.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190113080830/http://www.aofas.org:80/footcaremd/how-to/foot-health/Pages/How-to-Practice-Good-Foot-Hygiene.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Practice Good Foot Hygiene", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "How to Practice Good Foot Hygiene\n\n" } ]
9,430,094
How To Get Dried Slime Out of Carpet
To get dried slime out of carpet, start by scraping and chipping away as much of the slime as possible with a butter knife or old credit card. Then, run a vacuum over the area to suck up some of the slime, and apply goo remover, WD-40, rubbing alcohol, or citrus solvent all over the area. Allow the cleaner to soak in for 10-15 minutes and then use a towel to wipe the slime and solvent away. After you wipe up the cleaner, blot the area with warm water to remove the cleaning solution. Be sure to let the area dry completely.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201024200708/https://creativehomemaking.com/cleaning/carpet/removing-silly-putty-from-carpet/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200810203511/https://www.wolfeflooring.com/maintenance/carpet-stain-removal-guide/how-to-remove-play-dough-silly-putty-or-slime-stain-from-carpet-or-a-rug/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210906162453/https://atypicalmomblog.wordpress.com/2012/08/15/how-to-remove-slime/" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "https://creativehomemaking.com/cleaning/carpet/removing-silly-putty-from-carpet/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201024200708/https://creativehomemaking.com/cleaning/carpet/removing-silly-putty-from-carpet/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Removing Silly Putty or Slime from Carpet", "passages": [ "Are you trying to get silly putty or slime out of carpet fast? Even if the silly putty or slime has dried on your carpet, there is still hope! This easy tips from our readers will help you in removing both slime and silly putty from your carpet.", "Note: The tips for removing silly putty from carpet are first, and the tips for removing slime are at the end of the article.", "Tip #1: I actually did it – just now. I used Goo Gone Sticker Lifter following the directions. I scrubbed a LOT. Then I used super hot, soapy water. That was what seemed to really do it, but the Goo Gone loosened it up first.", "Then I rinsed it well. It will never be perfect, but since the carpet is beige with brown flecks and a medium pile, it will be pretty much invisible unless you know where to look. The whole process took nearly an hour for a 1 inch spot.", "Tip #2: Now, this is from a 30 year old male. My little two year old got silly putty into our carpet. It was awful. I used the previously mention method: Goo Gone and hot, soapy water. A little goo remover and hot water and presto. All gone. It took 10 minutes. This was in a shag style carpet with a ton of silly putty.", "Tip #3: I just used Goof Off, (water based). Results were literally instant. Silly putty dissolved completely and we blotted the goof off out of the carpet.", "Tip #4: For removing silly putty on carpet, I used WD-40 on spot for 10 minutes as recommended on your website but I had no rubbing alcohol so instead I followed with Oxi Clean in hot water, a little rubbing with an old toothbrush, and the silly putty came right out.", "Tip #5: Tip #3 worked like a charm. I was absolutely amazed at how fast Goof Off worked. Literally dissolved the silly putty instantly. Thanks!...Holly", "Tip #6: Soak the spot with WD-40, let the WD-40 sit for 20 minutes, pick the large pieces of silly putty off with a butter knife, take 3 Tsp of Oxi Clean and warm water and pour it on the area, take tooth brush and brush the spot, take a cloth and rub it over the area...Ronda", "Tip #7: The Goo Gone worked for taking silly putty out of carpet! It only took about 5 minutes putting Goo Gone on a towel, blotting, and rinsing with hot soapy water. I had to repeat about 2 or 3 times and it’s totally gone! Thank you!...Sheila", "Tip #8: My daughter “lost” silly putty and I found it...on our couch, a fuzzy throw blanket, denim jacket and pajama top! I asked my husband to pick up goof off when he went to the store based on someone else’s tip.", "They didn’t have it but the woman at the store suggested KrudKutter. I tried it and it was amazing. I sprayed it on and used a butter knife and paper towels to scrape off the residue, but it all came off, every last little bit!...Loren", "Tip #9: WD-40 works wonderful! I found bright green silly putty in my tan shag-style carpet. After picking out what I could I then sprayed WD40 on it and let it set for 10 minutes. I rubbed with a dry cloth for a few minutes and poof! It was gone. I rinsed with soapy water and you would never know there was anything on it ever...Tiffani", "Tip #11: Found the kids’ thinking putty stuck in new charcoal shag carpet. Was similar to gum in hair. Pulled up as much as possible. The rest was really stuck in there. Went to this site and tried the tip for rubbing alcohol.", "Dampened the area with the alcohol and rubbed with a clean dry cotton cloth. The silly putty dissolved into the rag. No visible residue in rug. Took no more than 5 minutes. Thank you!...Doug", "Tip #12: Thanks for the tip about using rubbing alcohol – it worked great! Silly putty had “melted” into a mesh chair — it was a mess!...Alise", "Tip #15: Rubbing alcohol! I thought I was “stuck” with silly putty, but then I went to this site. Rubbing alcohol didn’t hurt my carpet, I already had some, so I didn’t have to go out and buy anything. Thanks for the tip!...Linda", "Tip #16: Another 30 year old male. Had no goo gone or goof off on hand. Silly putty on carpet. Removed clumps by hand and dumped rubbing alcohol on the remainder. Scrubbed. 2 minutes later–all gone. Never would have guessed...Dan", "Tip #17: I used OOPS! Just dampened a clean rag with it and rubbed it on the silly putty spot, and it was off in seconds! Then I rubbed the rug with clean soapy water and it was good as new...Lauri", "Tip #18: Oh my gosh this worked perfect for me I took Goo Gone and some hot water with dawn soap in it and mixed some Goo Gone into it and scrubbed and it all came out with in 10 minutes (just keep scrubbing)...Quincey", "The best way to remove slime from carpet after it dries is to use a rag to apply white vinegar directly on the slime.", "The vinegar will work to dissolve the slime so that you can wipe it off the carpet. For tough stains, let the vinegar sit on the stain for a few minutes before gently rubbing at the slime with the rag.", "To find out how to remove playdough, candle wax, nail polish, and more from carpet, check out these genius carpet cleaning tips.", "White vinegar is a miracle working tool... I’ve had slime spots pink and blue on my red carpet for a month. I just spent 10 minutes with white vinegar and a rag and got all of the dried slime out!!!", "Anyone know about how to specifically get the black Think Mud Magnetic Slime out of carpet???? Very concerned about it being black and magnetic....how that might change things when putting vinegar or Goo Be Gone on it.", "Tip #6 with concentrated Basic H worked phenomenal for glow slime/putty. Wow! Thank you, Barb! Wow wow I’m perplexed! Beth, Texas", "feature a recipe or craft from Creative Homemaking you may use one image that must be credited and linked back to the original post on this blog. Please do not copy any of the text from this site.", "Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "Removing Silly Putty or Slime from Carpet - Creative Homemaking\n\nSkip to content\n\nCreative Homemaking\n\nSharing cooking, canning, gardening, and homemaking skills with the next\ngeneration.\n\nJuly 29, 2016 3 comments on \"Removing Silly Putty or Slime from Carpet\"\n\n# Removing Silly Putty or Slime from Carpet\n\n## How to Get Silly Putty out of Carpet\n\nAre you trying to get silly putty or slime out of carpet fast? Even if the\nsilly putty or slime has dried on your carpet, there is still hope! This easy\ntips from our readers will help you in removing both slime and silly putty\nfrom your carpet.\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links.\n\nNote: The tips for removing silly putty from carpet are first, and the tips\nfor removing slime are at the end of the article.\n\nTip #1: I actually did it – just now. I used Goo Gone Sticker Lifter following\nthe directions. I scrubbed a LOT. Then I used super hot, soapy water. That was\nwhat seemed to really do it, but the Goo Gone loosened it up first.\n\nThen I rinsed it well. It will never be perfect, but since the carpet is beige\nwith brown flecks and a medium pile, it will be pretty much invisible unless\nyou know where to look. The whole process took nearly an hour for a 1 inch\nspot.\n\nTip #2: Now, this is from a 30 year old male. My little two year old got silly\nputty into our carpet. It was awful. I used the previously mention method: Goo\nGone and hot, soapy water. A little goo remover and hot water and presto. All\ngone. It took 10 minutes. This was in a shag style carpet with a ton of silly\nputty.\n\nTip #3: I just used Goof Off, (water based). Results were literally instant.\nSilly putty dissolved completely and we blotted the goof off out of the\ncarpet.\n\nTip #4: For removing silly putty on carpet, I used WD-40 on spot for 10\nminutes as recommended on your website but I had no rubbing alcohol so instead\nI followed with Oxi Clean in hot water, a little rubbing with an old\ntoothbrush, and the silly putty came right out.\n\nTip #5: Tip #3 worked like a charm. I was absolutely amazed at how fast Goof\nOff worked. Literally dissolved the silly putty instantly. Thanks!...Holly\n\n## How to Get Magic Putty Out of Carpet\n\nTip #6: Soak the spot with WD-40, let the WD-40 sit for 20 minutes, pick the\nlarge pieces of silly putty off with a butter knife, take 3 Tsp of Oxi Clean\nand warm water and pour it on the area, take tooth brush and brush the spot,\ntake a cloth and rub it over the area...Ronda\n\nTip #7: The Goo Gone worked for taking silly putty out of carpet! It only took\nabout 5 minutes putting Goo Gone on a towel, blotting, and rinsing with hot\nsoapy water. I had to repeat about 2 or 3 times and it’s totally gone! Thank\nyou!...Sheila\n\nTip #8: My daughter “lost” silly putty and I found it...on our couch, a fuzzy\nthrow blanket, denim jacket and pajama top! I asked my husband to pick up goof\noff when he went to the store based on someone else’s tip.\n\nThey didn’t have it but the woman at the store suggested KrudKutter. I tried\nit and it was amazing. I sprayed it on and used a butter knife and paper\ntowels to scrape off the residue, but it all came off, every last little\nbit!...Loren\n\nTip #9: WD-40 works wonderful! I found bright green silly putty in my tan\nshag-style carpet. After picking out what I could I then sprayed WD40 on it\nand let it set for 10 minutes. I rubbed with a dry cloth for a few minutes and\npoof! It was gone. I rinsed with soapy water and you would never know there\nwas anything on it ever...Tiffani\n\nTip #10: Rubbing alcohol got silly putty out of my son’s favorite bear in\nabout 10 seconds...Melanie\n\n## How to Remove Thinking Putty from Carpet\n\nTip #11: Found the kids’ thinking putty stuck in new charcoal shag carpet. Was\nsimilar to gum in hair. Pulled up as much as possible. The rest was really\nstuck in there. Went to this site and tried the tip for rubbing alcohol.\n\nDampened the area with the alcohol and rubbed with a clean dry cotton cloth.\nThe silly putty dissolved into the rag. No visible residue in rug. Took no\nmore than 5 minutes. Thank you!...Doug\n\nTip #12: Thanks for the tip about using rubbing alcohol – it worked great!\nSilly putty had “melted” into a mesh chair — it was a mess!...Alise\n\nTip #15: Rubbing alcohol! I thought I was “stuck” with silly putty, but then I\nwent to this site. Rubbing alcohol didn’t hurt my carpet, I already had some,\nso I didn’t have to go out and buy anything. Thanks for the tip!...Linda\n\nTip #16: Another 30 year old male. Had no goo gone or goof off on hand. Silly\nputty on carpet. Removed clumps by hand and dumped rubbing alcohol on the\nremainder. Scrubbed. 2 minutes later–all gone. Never would have guessed...Dan\n\nTip #17: I used OOPS! Just dampened a clean rag with it and rubbed it on the\nsilly putty spot, and it was off in seconds! Then I rubbed the rug with clean\nsoapy water and it was good as new...Lauri\n\nTip #18: Oh my gosh this worked perfect for me I took Goo Gone and some hot\nwater with dawn soap in it and mixed some Goo Gone into it and scrubbed and it\nall came out with in 10 minutes (just keep scrubbing)...Quincey\n\n## How to Remove Slime from Carpet\n\nThe best way to remove slime from carpet after it dries is to use a rag to\napply white vinegar directly on the slime.\n\nThe vinegar will work to dissolve the slime so that you can wipe it off the\ncarpet. For tough stains, let the vinegar sit on the stain for a few minutes\nbefore gently rubbing at the slime with the rag.\n\nTo find out how to remove playdough, candle wax, nail polish, and more from\ncarpet, check out these genius carpet cleaning tips.\n\n## Related Carpet Cleaning Hacks\n\n * How to remove furniture marks from carpet\n * How to get dried slime out of carpet\n * Removing red stains from carpet\n * How to remove coffee stains from carpet\n * Removing nail polish from carpet\n * How to remove dog urine stains from carpet\n * Removing cat urine smell from carpet\n * How to clean cat vomit out of carpet\n * Removing blood stains from carpet\n * 7 uses for Goo Gone you’ve never heard of before\n\nFollow my cleaning tips board on Pinterest.\n\n## Removing Silly Putty or Slime from Carpet\n\nGoo Gone Original Liquid – 8 Ounce – Surface Safe Adhesive Remover Safely\nremoves Stickers Labels Decals Residue Tape Chewing Gum Grease TarGoof Off\nFG653 Professional Strength Remover, Pourable 16-Ounce\n\nIn case you missed it:\n\n * How to Get Silly Putty out of Carpet\n * How to Get Magic Putty Out of Carpet\n * How to Remove Thinking Putty from Carpet\n * How to Remove Slime from Carpet\n * Related Carpet Cleaning Hacks\n * Removing Silly Putty or Slime from Carpet\n\nPosted in: Carpet, Cleaning\n\n#### 3 Comments on \"Removing Silly Putty or Slime from Carpet\"\n\n 1. Belinda November 9, 2019 6:23 pm\n\nWhite vinegar is a miracle working tool... I’ve had slime spots pink and blue\non my red carpet for a month. I just spent 10 minutes with white vinegar and a\nrag and got all of the dried slime out!!!\n\nThank you!\n\n(5/5)\n\nReply\n\n 2. Heidi December 26, 2018 4:32 pm\n\nAnyone know about how to specifically get the black Think Mud Magnetic Slime\nout of carpet???? Very concerned about it being black and magnetic....how that\nmight change things when putting vinegar or Goo Be Gone on it.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Beth August 2, 2018 1:53 am\n\nTip #6 with concentrated Basic H worked phenomenal for glow slime/putty. Wow!\nThank you, Barb! Wow wow I’m perplexed! Beth, Texas\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n### Primary Sidebar\n\n### Browse\n\n#### Copyright 1996-2018, Creative Homemaking, LLC. If you would like to\nfeature a recipe or craft from Creative Homemaking you may use one image that\nmust be credited and linked back to the original post on this blog. Please do\nnot copy any of the text from this site.\n\n#### Powered by WordPress and Themelia. We are a participant in the Amazon\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\nprovide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated\nsites.\n\n925shares\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.wolfeflooring.com/maintenance/carpet-stain-removal-guide/how-to-remove-play-dough-silly-putty-or-slime-stain-from-carpet-or-a-rug/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200810203511/https://www.wolfeflooring.com/maintenance/carpet-stain-removal-guide/how-to-remove-play-dough-silly-putty-or-slime-stain-from-carpet-or-a-rug/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Remove Play Dough, Silly Putty, or Slime Stain from Carpet or a Rug", "passages": [ "Vacuum Cleaner: A wet/dry vacuum cleaner is ideal for stain removal work. Use a clean, dry white towel as an alternative. If your vacuum cleaner is designed for dry carpet only, do not vacuum the stained area until the removal procedure is finished and the carpet is dry.", "Isopropyl Rubbing Alcohol: Do not dilute the rubbing alcohol. This is common rubbing alcohol and is available at your local grocery store or drug store. Apply this product to a towel, and use the towel on the carpet fiber. WARNING: Do not allow this product to contact the carpet backing.", "Dry Cleaning Solvent: Do not dilute the dry cleaning solvent. The dry cleaning solvent should not be flammable and is available at your local grocery store, drug store, or hardware store. Apply this product to a towel, and use the towel on the carpet fiber. WARNING: Do not allow this product to contact the carpet backing.", "Citrus Solvent: Do not dilute the citrus solvent. The citrus solvent is available at your local grocery store, drug store, or hardware store. Apply this product to a towel, and use the towel on the carpet fiber. WARNING: Do not allow this product to contact the carpet backing.", "Club Soda: Club soda works wonders on a variety of water soluble stains. We suggest you always keep a can of club soda on hand at room temperature. Club soda is carbonated water; thus, club soda will not cause any damage to the carpet backing. You can slowly drizzle a small amount directly on the spill, but we caution you to not soak the carpet. Club soda does not leave a residue and therefore does not need to be rinsed out. In fact, club soda can be used as the rinsing agent for other cleaners.", "Detergent: Mix 1 teaspoon of liquid dish detergent with 2 cups of warm water -- not hot water. The dish detergent should be clear in color without bleaching properties.", "Hydrogen Peroxide: Mix 1 tablespoon of hydrogen peroxide with 3 tablespoons of warm water -- not hot water. The hydrogen peroxide should contain 3% H2O2 and is available at your local grocery store or drug store. WARNING: This product has a bleaching affect and is best used on very light colors.", "Ammonia: Mix 1⁄4 cup of clear ammonia with 1 cup of warm water -- not hot water. Ammonia is a moderate alkaline. Ammonia is available at your local grocery store or drug store. WARNING: This product has a bleaching affect and is best used on very light colors.", "Vinegar: Mix 1⁄4 cup of white vinegar with 1 cup of warm water -- not hot water. Vinegar is a moderate acid. Vinegar is available at your local grocery store or drug store.", "Use a spool to gently scrape and scoop up the excess starting on the edge and working towards the center.", "Apply hydrogen peroxide mix and let it stand for 30 minutes. After applying hydrogen peroxide, cover the stain with a thick towel to block the light. Light transforms the chemical properties of hydrogen peroxide. Check the stain periodically. Watch for loss of color.", "Many spots come out very slowly requiring multiple attempts with the same procedures. We strongly recommend that you do the rinsing step as suggested. Rinsing removes residues that can re-attract dirt later and also assists in returning the carpet to a neutral pH. Sometimes, stains will wick back to the surface of the carpet nap requiring you to do the same procedure again.", "Not all spots can be successfully removed, but we have solutions for those problems as well. Light spots in carpet are likely the result of color loss and therefore cannot be correct by spot removal. Wolfe Flooring provides spot dying and bonded inserts to deal with these otherwise permanent problems. The focus of these directions is to remove visual problems, not odor problems. Wolfe Flooring offers an odor removal product and a great spot removal product that may be just what you're needing. We encourage our customers to keep such products on hand. We also provide Teflon AdvanceTM by DuPont® to add protection to your carpet from future accidents.", "Wolfe Flooring, a family-owned and operated company, has been based in Tampa, FL 33637 since 1980. We're a full-service flooring company offering the sales and installations for carpet, custom rugs, hardwood, laminate, ceramic tile, stone flooring, sheet vinyl, LVT, VCT, and rubber flooring. Why should you choose us? ..." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Remove Play Dough, Silly Putty, or Slime Stain from Carpet or a Rug |\nWolfe Flooring Inc.\n\nWe plan to make you happy!\n\n * Delivery\n * My Account\n * View Cart\n * Checkout\n\n# How to Remove Play Dough, Silly Putty, or Slime Stain from Carpet or a Rug\n\n * Home\n * Maintenance\n * Carpet Stain Removal Guide\n * How to Remove Play Dough, Silly Putty, or Slime Stain from Carpet or a Rug\n\n### Play Dough, Silly Putty, and Slime Stain Removal\n\n#### Cleaning Tools and Agents that May Be Needed.\n\n * Vacuum Cleaner: A wet/dry vacuum cleaner is ideal for stain removal work. Use a clean, dry white towel as an alternative. If your vacuum cleaner is designed for dry carpet only, do not vacuum the stained area until the removal procedure is finished and the carpet is dry.\n * Spoon: A large spoon usually works best.\n * Towels: The towels should be clean and colorfast. Paper towels can be used as an alternative.\n * Isopropyl Rubbing Alcohol: Do not dilute the rubbing alcohol. This is common rubbing alcohol and is available at your local grocery store or drug store. Apply this product to a towel, and use the towel on the carpet fiber. WARNING: Do not allow this product to contact the carpet backing.\n * Dry Cleaning Solvent: Do not dilute the dry cleaning solvent. The dry cleaning solvent should not be flammable and is available at your local grocery store, drug store, or hardware store. Apply this product to a towel, and use the towel on the carpet fiber. WARNING: Do not allow this product to contact the carpet backing.\n * Citrus Solvent: Do not dilute the citrus solvent. The citrus solvent is available at your local grocery store, drug store, or hardware store. Apply this product to a towel, and use the towel on the carpet fiber. WARNING: Do not allow this product to contact the carpet backing.\n * Warm Water: Clean water will be used for the rinsing.\n * Club Soda: Club soda works wonders on a variety of water soluble stains. We suggest you always keep a can of club soda on hand at room temperature. Club soda is carbonated water; thus, club soda will not cause any damage to the carpet backing. You can slowly drizzle a small amount directly on the spill, but we caution you to not soak the carpet. Club soda does not leave a residue and therefore does not need to be rinsed out. In fact, club soda can be used as the rinsing agent for other cleaners.\n * Detergent: Mix 1 teaspoon of liquid dish detergent with 2 cups of warm water -- not hot water. The dish detergent should be clear in color without bleaching properties.\n * Hydrogen Peroxide: Mix 1 tablespoon of hydrogen peroxide with 3 tablespoons of warm water -- not hot water. The hydrogen peroxide should contain 3% H2O2 and is available at your local grocery store or drug store. WARNING: This product has a bleaching affect and is best used on very light colors.\n * Ammonia: Mix 1⁄4 cup of clear ammonia with 1 cup of warm water -- not hot water. Ammonia is a moderate alkaline. Ammonia is available at your local grocery store or drug store. WARNING: This product has a bleaching affect and is best used on very light colors.\n * Vinegar: Mix 1⁄4 cup of white vinegar with 1 cup of warm water -- not hot water. Vinegar is a moderate acid. Vinegar is available at your local grocery store or drug store.\n\n#### Step-by-Step Procedure.\n\n 1. Use a spool to gently scrape and scoop up the excess starting on the edge and working towards the center.\n 2. Vacuum or blot up the excess.\n 3. Apply rubbing alcohol or dry cleaning solvent or citrus solvent.\n 4. Blot or gently stroke the carpet pile.\n 5. Rinse the carpet by applying warm water without soaking the carpet.\n 6. Vacuum or blot up the excess. (If the stain was removed, do not proceed to the next step.)\n 7. Apply detergent water to the stained area without soaking the carpet and let it stand for 5 minutes.\n 8. Blot or gently stroke the carpet pile.\n 9. Rinse the carpet by applying warm water without soaking the carpet.\n 10. Vacuum or blot up the excess. (If the stain was removed, do not proceed to the next step.)\n 11. Apply hydrogen peroxide mix and let it stand for 30 minutes. After applying hydrogen peroxide, cover the stain with a thick towel to block the light. Light transforms the chemical properties of hydrogen peroxide. Check the stain periodically. Watch for loss of color.\n 12. Rinse the carpet by applying warm water without soaking the carpet.\n 13. Vacuum or blot up the excess. (If the stain was removed, do not proceed to the next step.)\n 14. Apply ammonia mix to the stained area without soaking the carpet. Watch for loss of color.\n 15. Blot or gently stroke the carpet pile.\n 16. Apply vinegar mix to the stained area without soaking the carpet.\n 17. Rinse the carpet by applying warm water without soaking the carpet.\n 18. Vacuum or blot up the excess.\n 19. Finally, vacuum the carpet after its dry to reset the carpet pile.\n\nMany spots come out very slowly requiring multiple attempts with the same\nprocedures. We strongly recommend that you do the rinsing step as suggested.\nRinsing removes residues that can re-attract dirt later and also assists in\nreturning the carpet to a neutral pH. Sometimes, stains will wick back to the\nsurface of the carpet nap requiring you to do the same procedure again.\n\nNot all spots can be successfully removed, but we have solutions for those\nproblems as well. Light spots in carpet are likely the result of color loss\nand therefore cannot be correct by spot removal. Wolfe Flooring provides spot\ndying and bonded inserts to deal with these otherwise permanent problems. The\nfocus of these directions is to remove visual problems, not odor problems.\nWolfe Flooring offers an odor removal product and a great spot removal product\nthat may be just what you're needing. We encourage our customers to keep such\nproducts on hand. We also provide Teflon AdvanceTM by DuPont® to add\nprotection to your carpet from future accidents.\n\n# Recent Blog Posts\n\n * #### Trump and Tariffs on Flooring\n\nWe expect that ... luxury vinyl...\n\nRead More\n\n * #### Carpet Delamination Caused by Goof Off\n\n\"Can you patch my carpet?\" A...\n\nRead More\n\n * #### Engineered Floors Purchased Beaulieu\n\nIn November 2017, Engineered Floors purchased...\n\nRead More\n\n * #### Shaw USF Stratum 5-inch Waterproof LVP Acacia\n\nThe recent flood would have been...\n\nRead More\n\n * #### Hardwood Is Fading\n\nHardwood is very vulnerable to four...\n\nRead More\n\n#### About Us\n\nWolfe Flooring, a family-owned and operated company, has been based in Tampa,\nFL 33637 since 1980. We're a full-service flooring company offering the sales\nand installations for carpet, custom rugs, hardwood, laminate, ceramic tile,\nstone flooring, sheet vinyl, LVT, VCT, and rubber flooring. Why should you\nchoose us? ...\n\nRead more\n\n2020 © Wolfe Flooring Inc. - Tampa, Florida\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://atypicalmomblog.wordpress.com/2012/08/15/how-to-remove-slime/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210906162453/https://atypicalmomblog.wordpress.com/2012/08/15/how-to-remove-slime/", "parsed_text": { "title": "atypicalmomof2's Blog", "passages": [ "Now that you made slime it’s probably all over the carpet and your kids clothing, right? Well have no fear! There is an easy solution to removing slime....", "Pour vinegar on slime. If slime is already dried out let the vinegar soak for a few minutes until the slime has softened. Wipe with a towel and like magic...it’s gone!", "Thanks so much I got slime on my carpet in my moms room and it is a huge mess but thanks it’s like Magic THANKS again 😁", "* fivepenceallthericher on October 24, 2018 at 11:59 PM said:\nConditioner. Just rub it on the part where the slime is and then run hot water over the section for a bit and hey presto! Rinses straight out.", "Thank you so much this was a life savor! My father would have not been to happy with my daughter even know it was not her flat. Thank you again!!", "* Amelia on February 17, 2018 at 7:05 AM said:\nTry and get hot water apply on the stalin and scrub with your nail because anything else will stick to it", "* Paiz on May 2, 2018 at 5:03 PM said:\nno sure how you got that on the door but i think you do the same thing not sure though.", "* destiny uribes on December 19, 2018 at 3:23 PM said:\nright mine happend at school and the teacher have white viniger ao i used it and it worked awsomely", "* atypicalmomof2 on May 17, 2018 at 2:10 PM said:\nI wet a cloth with vinegar then gently blotted the slime being very careful not to rip the pages.", "* atypicalmomof2 on May 29, 2018 at 2:03 PM said:\nI would try getting a cloth wet with the vinegar then wipe it.", "How do you get super sticky slime off your table, I can’t get my slime off my table! Wait why am I asking you guys,I am an expert slime maker none of you are better slime makers than me, hahaha. I know how to make every slime in existence haha. I love making slime and playing with it all the time hahaha.", "* atypicalmomof2 on December 12, 2019 at 7:24 PM said:\nI accidentally dried slime in the dryer and was able to successfully remove it using vinegar and a lot of patience.", "Oh my gosh! Thank you! Thank you! I was almost in tears over the dried slime on my fabric footstool. I took a rag and soaked it in vinegar and placed it on the slime. I left it overnight and the next day it was easy to wipe away! So grateful!", "* Sam Fouts on March 19, 2019 at 6:30 PM said:\nSaturate the slime and fabric with white vinegar and wipe it off. It should come off easily but if need be use an old toothbrush damp with vinegar after the fabric and slime is saturated and scrub gently.", "* atypicalmomof2 on June 22, 2019 at 8:17 PM said:\nI believe you can. Maybe try it on a small hidden area first.", "You saved my life & my daughters overly expensive Burberry dress from monster in law. I would have spent Xmas in hell", "Summer outfit! This is my ideal summer outfit because I can go from the playground to the grocery store to just about anywhere!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to remove SLIME! | atypicalmomof2's Blog\n\n# atypicalmomof2's Blog\n\n## Mom can I have a cookie?\n\n * RSS Feed\n\n15\n\nAug. ’12\n\n# How to remove SLIME!\n\nNow that you made slime it’s probably all over the carpet and your kids\nclothing, right? Well have no fear! There is an easy solution to removing\nslime....\n\nVINEGAR!\n\nSimply saturate slime with vinegar and wipe away!\n\nClothing...\n\nFirst remove excess slime from clothing.\n\nSaturate with vinegar. Soak for a few minutes. Then run warm water over the\narea. Wash like normal.\n\nCarpet...\n\nRemove excess slime.\n\nPour vinegar on slime. If slime is already dried out let the vinegar soak for\na few minutes until the slime has softened. Wipe with a towel and like\nmagic...it’s gone!\n\n~Em\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Pinterest\n * Print\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * More\n\n * Email\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\n### Related\n\nPosted by atypicalmomof2. Categories: cleaning. Tags: Cleaning, kid fun. 261\nComments\n\n### 261 responses »\n\n 1. Ruth on January 14, 2018 at 2:04 PM said:\n\nThanks so much I got slime on my carpet in my moms room and it is a huge mess\nbut thanks it’s like Magic THANKS again 😁\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. samantha on January 29, 2018 at 10:06 AM said:\n\nhow do i get it out of my hair\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Kara on October 13, 2018 at 5:19 PM said:\n\nyou use water and keep scrubing\n\nReply ↓\n\n * atypicalmomof2 on December 8, 2018 at 1:41 PM said:\n\nYou can also use vinegar in your hair.\n\n * fivepenceallthericher on October 24, 2018 at 11:59 PM said:\n\nConditioner. Just rub it on the part where the slime is and then run hot water\nover the section for a bit and hey presto! Rinses straight out.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Julie Bond on January 31, 2018 at 7:57 AM said:\n\nThank you so much this was a life savor! My father would have not been to\nhappy with my daughter even know it was not her flat. Thank you again!!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 4. shannon chant on February 10, 2018 at 3:23 PM said:\n\nhow do I get rid of slime stains from the door quickly please I really need\nhelp !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Amelia on February 17, 2018 at 7:05 AM said:\n\nTry and get hot water apply on the stalin and scrub with your nail because\nanything else will stick to it\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Paiz on May 2, 2018 at 5:03 PM said:\n\nno sure how you got that on the door but i think you do the same thing not\nsure though.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 5. Hbeamy on February 13, 2018 at 6:19 PM said:\n\nIt works! Wow! Just did on carpet!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 6. Maddie on February 17, 2018 at 8:44 PM said:\n\nHow do you get slime off of shoes\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Molly on February 23, 2018 at 7:54 AM said:\n\nI got slime in my mom’s shoe. 😦\n\nReply ↓\n\n * slimee on March 2, 2018 at 7:31 PM said:\n\nput vineger on a rag and rubbbbb\n\nReply ↓\n\n 7. slimee on March 2, 2018 at 7:29 PM said:\n\nTHIS IS AMAZING!!!!!!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 8. SW Cleaning Equipment on March 6, 2018 at 4:47 AM said:\n\nThanks for sharing useful Information. I enjoyed your blog.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 9. lulu on March 9, 2018 at 10:11 PM said:\n\nThank Thank Thank you so so so much\n\nReply ↓\n\n 10. Lilly Young on March 28, 2018 at 3:02 PM said:\n\nit didn’t work but i have seen people do it and it worked for them\n\nReply ↓\n\n 11. daveighk on April 21, 2018 at 2:32 PM said:\n\nI have dried slime in backpack and i really need help\n\nReply ↓\n\n * hailey on May 4, 2018 at 5:35 PM said:\n\nme to it is terrible\n\nReply ↓\n\n * destiny uribes on December 19, 2018 at 3:23 PM said:\n\nright mine happend at school and the teacher have white viniger ao i used it\nand it worked awsomely\n\n 12. junee on May 16, 2018 at 8:51 PM said:\n\nHOW DO YOU GET SLIME OFF OF A BOOK/NOTEBOOK AND A BACKPACK??? PLEASE REPLY\nQUICKLY\n\nReply ↓\n\n * atypicalmomof2 on May 17, 2018 at 2:10 PM said:\n\nI wet a cloth with vinegar then gently blotted the slime being very careful\nnot to rip the pages.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 13. Kim on May 29, 2018 at 1:09 PM said:\n\nHow do you get slim off of the school bus seats??\n\nReply ↓\n\n * atypicalmomof2 on May 29, 2018 at 2:03 PM said:\n\nI would try getting a cloth wet with the vinegar then wipe it.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 14. shayara on June 5, 2018 at 1:07 AM said:\n\nHow do u get hard slime of jumper plsssss\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Amethyst on July 15, 2018 at 6:54 PM said:\n\nI got the same problem. ugh!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 15. Rebecca Thornton on June 7, 2018 at 2:47 PM said:\n\nThis worked great\n\nReply ↓\n\n 16. Hunter Shaffer on June 18, 2018 at 11:37 AM said:\n\nyou’re a goddamn lifesaver.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 17. Audrey on June 25, 2018 at 4:33 PM said:\n\nDoes it work with concrete??\n\nReply ↓\n\n 18. Kaitlyn on June 27, 2018 at 11:15 PM said:\n\nIt works super well!!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 19. jazz on August 1, 2018 at 3:04 PM said:\n\nHow do you get super sticky slime off your table, I can’t get my slime off my\ntable! Wait why am I asking you guys,I am an expert slime maker none of you\nare better slime makers than me, hahaha. I know how to make every slime in\nexistence haha. I love making slime and playing with it all the time hahaha.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 20. Holly on August 16, 2018 at 9:51 AM said:\n\nHow about slime in the dryer??\n\nReply ↓\n\n * atypicalmomof2 on December 12, 2019 at 7:24 PM said:\n\nI accidentally dried slime in the dryer and was able to successfully remove it\nusing vinegar and a lot of patience.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 21. Christina on September 17, 2018 at 3:25 AM said:\n\nCan you use apple cider vinegar?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * atypicalmomof2 on September 17, 2018 at 6:43 AM said:\n\nYes!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 22. Alyssa on December 8, 2018 at 10:38 AM said:\n\nThis works great I actually got it on my hand brace and it worked great\n\nReply ↓\n\n 23. Sam Fouts on February 14, 2019 at 5:50 PM said:\n\nOh my gosh! Thank you! Thank you! I was almost in tears over the dried slime\non my fabric footstool. I took a rag and soaked it in vinegar and placed it on\nthe slime. I left it overnight and the next day it was easy to wipe away! So\ngrateful!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 24. lynn on March 19, 2019 at 1:25 AM said:\n\nHOW DO I GET SLIME OUT OF A BED SET, PILLOW, AND STUFFED ANIMAL I NEED TO KNOW\nQIUK\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Sam Fouts on March 19, 2019 at 6:30 PM said:\n\nSaturate the slime and fabric with white vinegar and wipe it off. It should\ncome off easily but if need be use an old toothbrush damp with vinegar after\nthe fabric and slime is saturated and scrub gently.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 25. kiri on March 23, 2019 at 9:25 AM said:\n\nhow do you get slime off the couch plz i dont want my parent killing me\n\nReply ↓\n\n 26. marianation23 on May 2, 2019 at 6:18 PM said:\n\nMy brother put slime in the toilet\n\nReply ↓\n\n 27. Gracie S on June 16, 2019 at 11:41 PM said:\n\nWhat about the bed\n\nReply ↓\n\n 28. hilary tzib on June 22, 2019 at 6:13 PM said:\n\nwill the vinegar ruin a polyester colombia shirt ?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * atypicalmomof2 on June 22, 2019 at 8:17 PM said:\n\nI believe you can. Maybe try it on a small hidden area first.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 29. Mema on December 12, 2019 at 7:11 PM said:\n\nYou saved my life & my daughters overly expensive Burberry dress from monster\nin law. I would have spent Xmas in hell\n\nReply ↓\n\n * atypicalmomof2 on December 12, 2019 at 7:25 PM said:\n\nAwesome! Glad I could help!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 30. Kat on March 5, 2020 at 12:04 PM said:\n\nMy son put on his mattress!! Does the same apply? Use vinegar??? HELP!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * atypicalmomof2 on March 5, 2020 at 2:29 PM said:\n\nYes!\n\nReply ↓\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n# Recent Posts\n\n * Summer outfit! This is my ideal summer outfit because I can go from the playground to the grocery store to just about anywhere!\n * Hotel Transylvania Crowdtap Party\n * Make Your Own Laundry Detergent\n * Edamame and Chickpea Snack\n * Outside of the Lunchbox school lunch ideas\n\n# Archives\n\n * June 2013\n * February 2013\n * November 2012\n * August 2012\n\n# Categories\n\n * cleaning\n * kid fun\n * recipes\n * Uncategorized\n\n# Meta\n\n * Register\n * Log in\n * Entries feed\n * Comments feed\n * WordPress.com\n\nCreate a free website or blog at WordPress.com.\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n" } ]
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How To Annotate a Poem
To annotate a poem, start by reading through the poem once without writing anything down so you have an idea of how it makes you feel. Then, mark important words or phrases with a highlighter pen during your second reading. For example, you could highlight lines that are repeated, or a memorable piece of imagery. You should also summarize what's going on in each stanza to help you focus on what the poem is about. Additionally, write down any questions you want to discuss with your teacher or a classmate.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501135427/https://penandthepad.com/annotate-poems-4986.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170723062718/https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/ReadingPoetry.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180122114305/http://www.elacommoncorelessonplans.com:80/literature-reading-standards/how-to-annotate-analyze-poem.html" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://penandthepad.com/annotate-poems-4986.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501135427/https://penandthepad.com/annotate-poems-4986.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Annotate Poems", "passages": [ "Annotating is the process of analyzing and understanding a written work. Annotations are not just a summary of what is going on, but also an examination of the tone, speaker, language, imagery, symbolism or other characteristics. When annotating a poem, you must ask and answer several questions, such as identifying the speaker and discovering the poem’s purpose.", "Before annotating a poem, you must read it again and again. You will probably not glean all the information you need for a proper annotation from just a few readings. The first reading will provide your initial reactions to the poem. A second reading enables you to write down some thoughts or to paraphrase what is happening in the poem. When you read a poem, focus on sentences rather than line breaks, as the breaks serve the structure, rhyme scheme and meter rather than logical sentence structure. Poetry is meant to be read aloud, so you should read through the poem multiple times aloud as well as to yourself.", "You must ask a series of questions when annotating a poem. After you paraphrase the poem or look up any words you do not understand, you can identify certain elements of the poem. Ask yourself “who is the speaker?�? and “what is the speaker’s tone?�? Recognize language the speaker uses or what opinions the speaker may have. Ascertain the intended audience, setting, poem structure (for example, is it a sonnet or other form?) and use of enjambment or end-stopped lines.", "Poetry is notorious for utilizing a variety of literary devices, like simile and metaphor. Think about the poet’s use of imagery and how it is used to set the mood or create meaning. Determine what images symbolize. Look at any allusions and ask why the poet used them and what they imply. Search for opposites like light and dark or young and old. Identify shifts in the attitude of the speaker. Recognize the literal and abstract meanings.", "Poetry is meant to invoke an emotional response in the reader. Oftentimes, readers can glaze over a poem and not really understand its meaning. Annotation involves the reader in an in-depth look at the poem; the poem can then stimulate a reader’s intellect as well as be entertaining. Poets are often very cautious of their word choices and structure; annotation helps the reader understand a poet’s intentions. Annotating poetry is also an ideal device for the classroom because it teaches about subjects such as literary devices, tone and form.", "Cara Batema is a musician, teacher and writer who specializes in early childhood, special needs and psychology. Since 2010, Batema has been an active writer in the fields of education, parenting, science and health. She holds a bachelor's degree in music therapy and creative writing." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Annotate Poems | Pen and the Pad\n\n * How to Cite\n * Language & Lit\n * Rhyme & Rhythm\n * The Rewrite\n\nHow to Write a Response to a Poem\n\nPoetry Structure & Comprehension\n\nHow to Recite a Poem\n\nHow to Write a Friendship Poem\n\nThe Importance of the Elements of Poetry\n\n# How to Annotate Poems\n\nCara Batema Updated May 25, 2017\n\nHome » Rhyme & Rhythm\n\n••• Comstock/Comstock/Getty Images\n\nAnnotating is the process of analyzing and understanding a written work.\nAnnotations are not just a summary of what is going on, but also an\nexamination of the tone, speaker, language, imagery, symbolism or other\ncharacteristics. When annotating a poem, you must ask and answer several\nquestions, such as identifying the speaker and discovering the poem’s purpose.\n\n## Reading\n\nBefore annotating a poem, you must read it again and again. You will probably\nnot glean all the information you need for a proper annotation from just a few\nreadings. The first reading will provide your initial reactions to the poem. A\nsecond reading enables you to write down some thoughts or to paraphrase what\nis happening in the poem. When you read a poem, focus on sentences rather than\nline breaks, as the breaks serve the structure, rhyme scheme and meter rather\nthan logical sentence structure. Poetry is meant to be read aloud, so you\nshould read through the poem multiple times aloud as well as to yourself.\n\n## Questions\n\nYou must ask a series of questions when annotating a poem. After you\nparaphrase the poem or look up any words you do not understand, you can\nidentify certain elements of the poem. Ask yourself “who is the speaker?�? and\n“what is the speaker’s tone?�? Recognize language the speaker uses or what\nopinions the speaker may have. Ascertain the intended audience, setting, poem\nstructure (for example, is it a sonnet or other form?) and use of enjambment\nor end-stopped lines.\n\n## Literary Devices\n\nPoetry is notorious for utilizing a variety of literary devices, like simile\nand metaphor. Think about the poet’s use of imagery and how it is used to set\nthe mood or create meaning. Determine what images symbolize. Look at any\nallusions and ask why the poet used them and what they imply. Search for\nopposites like light and dark or young and old. Identify shifts in the\nattitude of the speaker. Recognize the literal and abstract meanings.\n\n## Uses\n\nPoetry is meant to invoke an emotional response in the reader. Oftentimes,\nreaders can glaze over a poem and not really understand its meaning.\nAnnotation involves the reader in an in-depth look at the poem; the poem can\nthen stimulate a reader’s intellect as well as be entertaining. Poets are\noften very cautious of their word choices and structure; annotation helps the\nreader understand a poet’s intentions. Annotating poetry is also an ideal\ndevice for the classroom because it teaches about subjects such as literary\ndevices, tone and form.\n\nReferences\n\n * Univeristy of West Georgia: How to Annotate a Poem\n * J Juriaan: The Annotation\n * Edsitement: Preparing for Poetry: A Reader's First Step\n\nWriter Bio\n\nCara Batema is a musician, teacher and writer who specializes in early\nchildhood, special needs and psychology. Since 2010, Batema has been an active\nwriter in the fields of education, parenting, science and health. She holds a\nbachelor's degree in music therapy and creative writing.\n\n×\n\nCopyright 2021 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Education\n\nTerms of Use Privacy Policy Copyright Policy About Us Accessibility Statement\nPrivacy Policy Manage Preferences\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/ReadingPoetry.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170723062718/https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/ReadingPoetry.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Literary Analysis Papers: How to read a poem", "passages": [ "Mark it up; write in the margins; react to it; get involved with it. Circle important, or striking, or repeated words. Draw lines to connect related ideas. Mark difficult or confusing words, lines, and passages.", "Read through the poem several times, both silently and aloud, listening carefully to the sound and rhythm of the words.", "Consider the title of the poem carefully. What does it tell you about the poem's subject, tone, and genre? What does it promise? (After having read the poem, you will want to come back to the title in order to consider further its relationship with the poem.)", "What is your initial impression of the poem's subject? Try writing out an answer to the question, \"What is this poem about?\"--and then return to this question throughout your analysis. Push yourself to be precise; aim for more than just a vague impression of the poem. What is the author's attitude toward his or her subject?", "What is the poem's basic situation? What is going on in it? Who is talking? To whom? Under what circumstances? Where? About what? Why? Is a story being told? Is something--tangible or intangible--being described? What specifically can you point to in the poem to support your answers?", "Because a poem is highly compressed, it may help you to try to unfold it by paraphrasing the poem aloud, moving line by line through it. If the poem is written in sentences, can you figure out what the subject of each one is? The verb? The object of the verb? What a modifier refers to? Try to untie any syntactic knots.", "Is the poem built on a comparison or analogy? If so, how is the comparison appropriate? How are the two things alike? How different?", "Are there any allusions to other literary or historical figures or events? How do these add to the poem? How are they appropriate?", "What do you know about this poet? About the age in which he or she wrote this poem? About other works by the same author?", "Consider the sound and rhythm of the poem. Is there a metrical pattern? If so, how regular is it? Does the poet use rhyme? What do the meter and rhyme emphasize? Is there any alliteration? Assonance? Onomatopoeia? How do these relate to the poem's meaning? What effect do they create in the poem?", "Are there divisions within the poem? Marked by stanzas? By rhyme? By shifts in subject? By shifts in perspective? How do these parts relate to each other? How are they appropriate for this poem?", "How are the ideas in the poem ordered? Is there a progression of some sort? From simple to complex? From outer to inner? From past to present? From one place to another? Is there a climax of any sort?", "What are the form and genre of this poem? What should you expect from such a poem? How does the poet use the form?", "One way to see the action in a poem is to list all its verbs. What do they tell you about the poem?", "Are there difficult or confusing words? Even if you are only the slightest bit unsure about the meaning of a word, look it up in a good dictionary. If you are reading poetry written before the twentieth century, learn to use the Oxford English Dictionary, which can tell you how a word's definition and usage have changed over time. Be sure that you determine how a word is being used--as a noun, verb, adjective, adverb--so that you can find its appropriate meaning. Be sure also to consider various possible meanings of a word and be alert to subtle differences between words. A good poet uses language very carefully; as a good reader you in turn must be equally sensitive to the implications of word choice.", "What mood is evoked in the poem? How is this accomplished? Consider the ways in which not only the meanings of words but also their sound and the poem's rhythms help to create its mood.", "Are there any consistent patterns of words? For example, are there several references to flowers, or water, or politics, or religion in the poem? Look for groups of similar words.", "Does the poet use figurative language? Are there metaphors in the poem? Similes? Is there any personification? Consider the appropriateness of such comparisons. Try to see why the poet chose a particular metaphor as opposed to other possible ones. Is there a pattern of any sort to the metaphors? Is there any metonymy in the poem? Synechdoche? Hyperbole? Oxymoron? Paradox? A dictionary of literary terms may be helpful here." ] }, "parsed_md": "Literary Analysis Papers: How to read a poem\n\nskip navigation\n\nThe Writer's Handbook\n\nHow to read a poem\n\n * Handbook Index\n * Academic and Professional Writing\n * * Job Materials and Application Essays\n * Application Essays (and Personal Statements)\n * Resume Writing Tips\n * Cover Letters\n * Business Letters\n * Literary Analysis Papers\n * Reading Poetry\n * A Short Guide to Close Reading for Literary Analysis\n * Using Literary Quotations\n * Play Reviews\n * Proposals and Dissertations\n * Resources for Proposal Writers\n * Resources for Dissertators\n * Research Papers\n * Planning and Writing Research Papers\n * Quoting and Paraphrasing\n * Writing Annotated Bibliographies\n * Creating Poster Presentations\n * Reviews\n * Reading for a Review\n * Critical Reviews\n * Writing a Review of Literature\n * Scientific Reports\n * Scientific Report Format\n * Sample Lab Assignment\n * Writing Process and Structure\n * Improving Your Writing Style\n * Grammar and Punctuation\n * Cite References in Your Paper\n * Writing Center Home\n\nHome » Writer's Handbook\n\n# How to Read a Poem\n\nUse the guidelines below to learn how to read a poem and understand it.\n\n * Read with a pencil\n * Examine the basic subject of the poem\n * Consider the context of the poem\n * Study the form of the poem\n * Look at the word choice of the poem\n * Finishing Up\n\n## Read with a pencil\n\nRead a poem with a pencil in your hand.\n\nMark it up; write in the margins; react to it; get involved with it. Circle\nimportant, or striking, or repeated words. Draw lines to connect related\nideas. Mark difficult or confusing words, lines, and passages.\n\nRead through the poem several times, both silently and aloud, listening\ncarefully to the sound and rhythm of the words.\n\ntop\n\n## Examine the basic subject of the poem\n\n * Consider the title of the poem carefully. What does it tell you about the poem's subject, tone, and genre? What does it promise? (After having read the poem, you will want to come back to the title in order to consider further its relationship with the poem.)\n\n * What is your initial impression of the poem's subject? Try writing out an answer to the question, \"What is this poem about?\"--and then return to this question throughout your analysis. Push yourself to be precise; aim for more than just a vague impression of the poem. What is the author's attitude toward his or her subject?\n\n * What is the poem's basic situation? What is going on in it? Who is talking? To whom? Under what circumstances? Where? About what? Why? Is a story being told? Is something--tangible or intangible--being described? What specifically can you point to in the poem to support your answers?\n\n * Because a poem is highly compressed, it may help you to try to unfold it by paraphrasing the poem aloud, moving line by line through it. If the poem is written in sentences, can you figure out what the subject of each one is? The verb? The object of the verb? What a modifier refers to? Try to untie any syntactic knots.\n\n * Is the poem built on a comparison or analogy? If so, how is the comparison appropriate? How are the two things alike? How different?\n\n * What is the author's attitude toward his subject? Serious? Reverent? Ironic? Satiric? Ambivalent? Hostile? Humorous? Detached? Witty?\n\n * Does the poem appeal to a reader's intellect? Emotions? Reason?\n\ntop\n\n## Consider the context of the poem\n\n * Are there any allusions to other literary or historical figures or events? How do these add to the poem? How are they appropriate?\n\n * What do you know about this poet? About the age in which he or she wrote this poem? About other works by the same author?\n\ntop\n\n## Study the form of the poem\n\n * Consider the sound and rhythm of the poem. Is there a metrical pattern? If so, how regular is it? Does the poet use rhyme? What do the meter and rhyme emphasize? Is there any alliteration? Assonance? Onomatopoeia? How do these relate to the poem's meaning? What effect do they create in the poem?\n\n * Are there divisions within the poem? Marked by stanzas? By rhyme? By shifts in subject? By shifts in perspective? How do these parts relate to each other? How are they appropriate for this poem?\n\n * How are the ideas in the poem ordered? Is there a progression of some sort? From simple to complex? From outer to inner? From past to present? From one place to another? Is there a climax of any sort?\n\n * What are the form and genre of this poem? What should you expect from such a poem? How does the poet use the form?\n\ntop\n\n## Look at the word choice of the poem\n\n * One way to see the action in a poem is to list all its verbs. What do they tell you about the poem?\n\n * Are there difficult or confusing words? Even if you are only the slightest bit unsure about the meaning of a word, look it up in a good dictionary. If you are reading poetry written before the twentieth century, learn to use the Oxford English Dictionary, which can tell you how a word's definition and usage have changed over time. Be sure that you determine how a word is being used--as a noun, verb, adjective, adverb--so that you can find its appropriate meaning. Be sure also to consider various possible meanings of a word and be alert to subtle differences between words. A good poet uses language very carefully; as a good reader you in turn must be equally sensitive to the implications of word choice.\n\n * What mood is evoked in the poem? How is this accomplished? Consider the ways in which not only the meanings of words but also their sound and the poem's rhythms help to create its mood.\n\n * Is the language in the poem abstract or concrete? How is this appropriate to the poem's subject?\n\n * Are there any consistent patterns of words? For example, are there several references to flowers, or water, or politics, or religion in the poem? Look for groups of similar words.\n\n * Does the poet use figurative language? Are there metaphors in the poem? Similes? Is there any personification? Consider the appropriateness of such comparisons. Try to see why the poet chose a particular metaphor as opposed to other possible ones. Is there a pattern of any sort to the metaphors? Is there any metonymy in the poem? Synechdoche? Hyperbole? Oxymoron? Paradox? A dictionary of literary terms may be helpful here.\n\ntop\n\n## Finishing Up\n\n * Ask, finally, about the poem, \"So what?\" What does it do? What does it say? What is its purpose?\n\ntop\n\nFor further information you may wish to take the Writing Center workshop\nentitled Intro to Literary Analysis.\n\n<\n\nContact Us\n\nLast updated: March 6, 2017\n\nFeedback, questions or accessibility issues ©2017 Board of Regents of the\nUniversity of Wisconsin System\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.elacommoncorelessonplans.com:80/literature-reading-standards/how-to-annotate-analyze-poem.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180122114305/http://www.elacommoncorelessonplans.com:80/literature-reading-standards/how-to-annotate-analyze-poem.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Strategies for Analyzing and Annotating a Poem", "passages": [ "I used to hate teaching poetry because I had no good lesson plans for teaching poetry. Not anymore! Teaching how to annotate and analyze a poem is one of the funnest things I do. I’ll share my tips on how I got over my loathing.", "This is Emily Dickinson. My 10th grade English teacher loved Emily Dickinson. I did not. I do now. Here are some analyses of Emily Dickinson poems that I wrote. May my 10th grade English teacher rest in peace.", "(Hey, here’s a chart for teaching sound devices in poetry so your students will have an easy way to organize their discoveries. It’s ready to use now!)", "I thought I knew how to analyze a poem, but it wasn’t until I learned how to annotate a poem that I truly mastered it. And it wasn’t until I taught students how to annotate a poem that I really learned how to do both. I owe it all to this poetry lesson plan.", "Choose a short poem (15-20 lines). Copy it onto a half-slice of paper and use the other half for writing an analysis.", "Instruct students to identify the following elements and make notations: rhyme scheme, figurative language, images, symbols, sound devices (alliteration, consonance, assonance, rhythm, onomatopeia, off rhyme).", "Don’t assume students will find this activity boring. Most often, they are pleased they get to think through a poem without the pressure of being “right or wrong.” Encourage them to write whatever comes to mind. Use these poetry lesson plan procedures to get the most out of the assignment.", "Instruct students to annotate the poem they copied down. Give them five minutes to come up with as much as they can.", "Ask for volunteers to come up and add anything they wish to the board annotations. They may be shy at first. If so, throw the marker and choose the student it lands closest to.", "You may have anywhere from 1-5 students at the board at once while the remainder of the class continues writing on their own paper.", "Feel free to make a few annotations yourself to keep things rolling. It’s important to encourage students. Acknowledge all efforts with appreciation.", "Langston Hughes uses peaceful images of rot to set the reader up for an explosion in “What Happens to a Dream Deferred?”.", "John Keats emphasizes that our best is good enough even if it isn’t good in “Ode on a Grecian Urn.”", "Once the annotations are complete, it’s time to write the analysis. Remind students that an analysis consists of facts and commentaries. It is not a summary, a listing of facts, or random, unsubstantiated conjecture. Use the following outline to help students:", "RL.9-10.1 Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. W.9-10.1 Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.", "RL.9-10.2 Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze in detail its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text.", "RL.9-10.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text, including figurative and connotative meanings; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone (e.g., how the language evokes a sense of time and place; how it sets a formal or informal tone).", "RL.9-10.10 By the end of grade 9, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poems, in the grades 9-10 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range. By the end of grade 10, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poems, at the high end of the grades 9-10 text complexity band independently and proficiently.", "W.9-10.1a Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.", "W.9-10.2b Develop the topic with well-chosen, relevant, and sufficient facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience’s knowledge of the topic. W.9-10.2a Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information to make important connections and distinctions; include formatting (e.g., headings); grap", "W.9-10.5 Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience. (Editing for conventions should demonstrate command of L.9-10.1-3.) hics (e.g., figures, tables); and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.", "W.9-10.4 Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience." ] }, "parsed_md": "Strategies for Analyzing and Annotating a Poem | ELA Common Core Lesson Plans\n\nELA Common Core Lesson Plans\n\n * Home\n * Writing Standards\n\n * Create Characters Lesson Plan\n * Creative Writing Lesson Plan: Using Details\n * How to Write a Cause and Effect Essay\n * How to Write a Conclusion for an Essay Lesson Plan\n * How to Write a Persuasive Essay\n * How to Write a Reflective Essay\n * How to Write an Article Critique and Review\n * How to Write an Introduction to an Essay\n * How to Write a Problem Solution Essay\n * Lesson Plan: Effective Sentence Structure\n * Lesson Plan: Improve Writing Style with Improved Sentence Structure\n * Logical Fallacies Lesson Plan with Summary & Examples\n * Teaching Active and Passive Voice\n * Teaching How to Revise a Rough Draft\n * Teaching Instructional Articles: How to Write Instructions\n * Teaching Word Choice: Using Strong Verbs\n * Using Imagery Lesson Plan\n * Writing for Audience and Purpose\n * Writing Transitions Lesson\n * Reading Standards\n\n * Analyzing Humor in Literature Lesson Plan\n * Analyzing Shakespeare Strategies\n * Fun Reading Lesson Plan\n * How to Write a Literary Analysis.\n * How to Annotate and Analyze a Poem\n * Lesson Plan for Teaching Annotation\n * Literary Terms Lesson Plan\n * #0 (no title)\n * Literature Exemplars – Grades-9-10\n * Teaching Short Story Elements\n * Using Short Stories to Teach Elements of Literature\n * Reading for Information\n\n * Bill of Rights Lesson Plan\n * Language Lessons\n\n * Fun Ideas for Teaching Language\n * Comma Rules: How to Use Commas\n * Difference between Denotation and Connotation\n * Effective Word Choice Lesson Plan\n * Fun Grammar Review Game or Vocabulary & Language Arts\n * Lesson Plans for Substitute Teachers and Busy English Teachers\n * Lesson Plan: Creating the Perfect Title\n * 4.08 – Lesson Plan: Using Semicolons Correctly\n * Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement Lesson Plan\n * Sentence Combining Made Easy Lesson Plan\n * Strategies for Teaching Vocabulary\n * Using Tone Effectively Lesson Plan\n * 4.12 – Word Choice Lesson Plan: Eliminate and Replace “To Be” Verbs\n * Using Voice in Writing Effectively Lesson Plan\n * Speaking & Listening\n * Teacher Guide Central\n\nYou are here: Home / Standards for Reading Literature / How to Annotate and\nAnalyze a Poem\n\n# How to Annotate and Analyze a Poem\n\n## Poetry Lesson Plan for High School: How to Annotate a Poem\n\nI used to hate teaching poetry because I had no good lesson plans for teaching\npoetry. Not anymore! Teaching how to annotate and analyze a poem is one of the\nfunnest things I do. I’ll share my tips on how I got over my loathing.\n\n## Mastering the Technique\n\nThis is Emily Dickinson. My 10th grade English teacher loved Emily Dickinson.\nI did not. I do now. Here are some analyses of Emily Dickinson poems that I\nwrote. May my 10th grade English teacher rest in peace.\n\n(Hey, here’s a chart for teaching sound devices in poetry so your students\nwill have an easy way to organize their discoveries. It’s ready to use now!)\n\nI thought I knew how to analyze a poem, but it wasn’t until I learned how to\nannotate a poem that I truly mastered it. And it wasn’t until I taught\nstudents how to annotate a poem that I really learned how to do both. I owe it\nall to this poetry lesson plan.\n\n 1. Choose a short poem (15-20 lines). Copy it onto a half-slice of paper and use the other half for writing an analysis.\n 2. Write the poem on the board.\n 3. Read the poem aloud.\n 4. Instruct students to identify the following elements and make notations: rhyme scheme, figurative language, images, symbols, sound devices (alliteration, consonance, assonance, rhythm, onomatopeia, off rhyme).\n 5. Instruct students to circle any part of the poem that stands out, confuses them, or is important.\n 6. Write questions in the margin; highlight unusual words; mark phrases that indicate the poem’s meaning.\n 7. Determine the poem’s theme and draw arrows to the lines that support the theme.\n\n## Assume the Best\n\nThis is Langston Hughes. Check out an annotation and analysis of “What Happens\nto a Dream Deferred?” and “Dreams.”\n\nDon’t assume students will find this activity boring. Most often, they are\npleased they get to think through a poem without the pressure of being “right\nor wrong.” Encourage them to write whatever comes to mind. Use these poetry\nlesson plan procedures to get the most out of the assignment.\n\n 1. Go over the instructions for annotating a poem\n 2. Instruct students to annotate the poem they copied down. Give them five minutes to come up with as much as they can.\n 3. Hand a white board marker to a student and instruct him or her to identify the rhyme scheme.\n 4. Hand a marker to another student and have him or her identify figurative language.\n 5. Choose a different student for each of the following: images, symbols, metaphors, similes, sound devices, and meaningful lines.\n 6. Ask for volunteers to come up and add anything they wish to the board annotations. They may be shy at first. If so, throw the marker and choose the student it lands closest to.\n 7. You may have anywhere from 1-5 students at the board at once while the remainder of the class continues writing on their own paper.\n 8. Feel free to make a few annotations yourself to keep things rolling. It’s important to encourage students. Acknowledge all efforts with appreciation.\n 9. Revel in the words of master poets.\n\nSay hello to Robert Frost.\n\nYou’ll discover amazing things as you participate in the process. For example,\nI discovered that\n\n * Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” makes sense forwards and backwards.\n * William Wordsworth’s “Daffodils” is about the subconscious connection poets in nature make with the Universe/God.\n * Langston Hughes uses peaceful images of rot to set the reader up for an explosion in “What Happens to a Dream Deferred?”.\n * John Keats emphasizes that our best is good enough even if it isn’t good in “Ode on a Grecian Urn.”\n\n## Write the Poetry Analysis\n\nOnce the annotations are complete, it’s time to write the analysis. Remind\nstudents that an analysis consists of facts and commentaries. It is not a\nsummary, a listing of facts, or random, unsubstantiated conjecture. Use the\nfollowing outline to help students:\n\n> I. Topic sentence stating the title of the poem, the author, and the poem’s\n> theme.\n>\n> A. Evidence #1: Identify an important line, poetic device, rhyme scheme,\n> etc.\n>\n> 1. Analysis/Interpretation #1: Explain how the evidence supports the\n> designated theme.\n> 2. Analysis/Interpretation #2: Explain how the evidence supports the\n> designated theme.\n>\n\n>\n> B. Evidence #2: Identify an important line, poetic devices, rhyme scheme.\n>\n> 1. Analysis/Interpretation #1: Explain how the evidence supports the\n> designated theme.\n> 2. Analysis/Interpretation #2: Explain how the evidence supports the\n> designated theme.\n>\n\n>\n> C. Concluding Sentence\n\n## Common Core Standards\n\nThis poetry lesson plan satisfies the following common core standards.\n\n * RL.9-10.1 Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. W.9-10.1 Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.\n * RL.9-10.2 Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze in detail its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; provide an objective summary of the text.\n * RL.9-10.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text, including figurative and connotative meanings; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone (e.g., how the language evokes a sense of time and place; how it sets a formal or informal tone).\n * RL.9-10.10 By the end of grade 9, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poems, in the grades 9-10 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range. By the end of grade 10, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poems, at the high end of the grades 9-10 text complexity band independently and proficiently.\n * W.9-10.1a Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.\n * W.9-10.2b Develop the topic with well-chosen, relevant, and sufficient facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience’s knowledge of the topic. W.9-10.2a Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information to make important connections and distinctions; include formatting (e.g., headings); grap\n * W.9-10.5 Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on addressing what is most significant for a specific purpose and audience. (Editing for conventions should demonstrate command of L.9-10.1-3.) hics (e.g., figures, tables); and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.\n * W.9-10.4 Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.\n * L.9-10.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.\n\nShare This:\n\n#### Search\n\n#### Follow Us\n\n#### Section Menu\n\n * Standards for Reading Literature\n\n * “Secret Life of Walter Mitty” Short Story Assignment\n * “The Lottery” Summary, Analysis, and Lesson Plan\n * Analyzing Humor in Literature Lesson Plan\n * Analyzing Shakespeare Strategies\n * Famous Love Poems: “Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allan Poe\n * Famous Love Poems: “Heart We Will Forget Him” by Emily Dickinson\n * Famous Love Poems: “Red, Red Rose” by Robert Burns\n * Famous Love Poems: Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s “How Do I Love Thee”\n * Famous Love Poems: Sonnet 130 by William Shakespeare\n * Fun Reading Lesson Plan\n * How to Annotate and Analyze a Poem\n\n * Identifying Figurative Language in Poetry Lesson Plan\n * How to Write a Literary Analysis.\n * John Donne’s “Nativity”\n * Lesson Plan for Teaching Annotation\n * Literary Terms Lesson Plan\n * Literary Terms Quiz for Romeo and Juliet Act 3, Scene 2\n * Literature Exemplars – Grades-9-10\n * Longfellow’s “Christmas Bells”\n * Teaching Short Story Elements\n * The Hero’s Journey Resource Page\n * Using Short Stories to Teach Elements of Literature\n\n#### BLOG\n\n * 1984 (1)\n * American Romanticism (6)\n * Book Reports (6)\n * Books (11)\n * Cask of Amontillado (7)\n * Classroom Management (1)\n * Collaborative Learning (2)\n * Edgar Allan Poe (27)\n\n * Cask of Amontillado (4)\n * Fall of the House of Usher (5)\n * Masque of the Red Death (1)\n * ELL (1)\n * Ender's Game (3)\n * Imagery (3)\n * Isaac Asimov (1)\n * Julius Caesar (2)\n * Lesson of the Day (41)\n * Lessons (54)\n * Literary Analysis (33)\n * Mark Twain (2)\n * Most Dangerous Game (8)\n * Movies (19)\n * Nathaniel Hawthorne (6)\n * News (2)\n * Night (1)\n * Novels (2)\n\n * Lord of the Flies (2)\n * Of Mice and Men (3)\n * Online/Blended Learning (5)\n * Open Window (3)\n * Pit and the Pendulum (6)\n * Poetry (23)\n\n * Annabel Lee (3)\n * British Romanticism (3)\n\n * John Keats (1)\n * Samuel Taylor Coleridge (2)\n\n * Rime of the Ancient Mariner (2)\n * William Blake (2)\n * William Wordsworth (2)\n * Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night (1)\n * Emily Dickinson (1)\n * Robert Frost (4)\n\n * Fire and Ice (3)\n * Nothing Gold Can Stay (1)\n * Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening (3)\n * The Mending Wall (1)\n * The Road Not Taken (2)\n * The Bells (1)\n * The Raven (3)\n * Villanelle (1)\n * Walt Whitman (2)\n * Quotes (3)\n * Ray Bradbury (1)\n * Science Fiction (1)\n * Shakespeare (7)\n\n * Romeo and Juliet (5)\n * Short Stories (52)\n\n * A Rose for Emily (1)\n * All Summer in a Day (1)\n * Contents of the Dead Man's Pocket (4)\n * Dr. Heidegger's Experiment (3)\n * Gift of the Magi (2)\n * Harrison Bergeron (2)\n * Interlopers (1)\n * Jumping Frog (2)\n * Leiningen vs the Ants (3)\n * Minister's Black Veil (1)\n * Owl Creek Bridge (4)\n * Rappaccini's Daughter (3)\n * Rocking Horse Winner (1)\n * Scarlet Ibis (2)\n * Sound of Thunder (7)\n * Tell-Tale Heart (3)\n * The Birthmark (1)\n * The Ransom of Red Chief (1)\n * The Sniper (1)\n * Through the Tunnel (3)\n * To Build a Fire (1)\n * Yellow Wallpaper (3)\n * Young Goodman Brown (2)\n * Sports (2)\n * Teacher Tips (8)\n * The Fun They Had (1)\n * The Lottery (5)\n * The Maze Runner (1)\n * The Monkey's Paw (6)\n * The Odyssey (6)\n * The Scarlet Letter (2)\n * Uncategorized (13)\n * William Faulkner (1)\n * Writing (18)\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * “The Fun They Had” Lesson Plan: Theme and Author’s Purpose\n * Foreshadowing in “A Rose for Emily” Lesson Plan\n * “The Ransom of Red Chief” Lesson Plans\n * All Summer in a Day Lesson Plans: Setting and Sensory Details\n * Lord of the Flies Summary with a Quick Lesson Plan\n\nReturn to top of page\n\nCopyright © 2018 ·Education Theme · Genesis Framework by StudioPress ·\nWordPress · Log in\n\n" } ]
1,018,256
How To Find Cubic Feet
To find the cubic feet of a square or rectangular shape, measure the length, width and height of the object in feet or inches. Once you have these three numbers, multiply them together to get the volume. If you measured in inches, divide your answer by 1728 to convert the measurement to feet. For example, if you have a rectangular shape measuring 8 inches by 16 inches by 27 inches, the volume would be 3456 inches cubed. You could then divide by 1728 to get your answer of 2 cubic feet.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20190719133352/http://virtualnerd.com:80/pre-algebra/perimeter-area-volume/volume/volume-examples/rectangular-prism-volume-example", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200807002758/https://www.thecalculatorsite.com/articles/units/how-to-calculate-cubic-feet.php", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190907123816/https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/circle-area.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200320174349/http://virtualnerd.com:80/geometry/surface-area-volume-solid/prisms-cylinders-volume/cylinder-volume-example", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190325133054/https://www.mathplanet.com/education/pre-algebra/inequalities-and-one-step-equations/calculating-the-area-and-the-perimeter", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190730104328/https://www.thecalculatorsite.com/misc/cubic-feet-calculator.php" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://virtualnerd.com:80/pre-algebra/perimeter-area-volume/volume/volume-examples/rectangular-prism-volume-example", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190719133352/http://virtualnerd.com:80/pre-algebra/perimeter-area-volume/volume/volume-examples/rectangular-prism-volume-example", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Do You Find the Volume of a Rectangular Prism?", "passages": [ "Finding the volume of a rectangular prism isn't so bad, especially if you already know the length, width, and height. In this tutorial, you'll see how to use that information and the formula for the volume of a rectangular prism to get the answer. Check it out!", "Trying to find the area of a rectangle? There's a formula that can help! Check out this tutorial to learn about the formula for the area of a rectangle.", "Plugging variables into an expression is essential for solving many algebra problems. See how to plug in variable values by watching this tutorial.", "* #### What is a Variable?\nYou can't do algebra without working with variables, but variables can be confusing. If you've ever wondered what variables are, then this tutorial is for you!", "There are lots of different kinds of numbers that you'll come across in algebra, and a lot of these kinds of numbers are related to each other. Before you learn how they are related, you've got to learn about them separately, and in this tutorial you'll how to define integers :)", "The volume of a cylinder is the amount of space that will fit inside it. You can use the formula for the volume of a cylinder to find that amount! In this tutorial, see how to use that formula and the radius and height of the cylinder to find the volume. Check it out!", "* #### How Do You Find the Volume of a Triangular Prism?\nFinding the volume of a triangular prism isn't so bad, especially if you already know the length and height of the base and the height of the prism. In this tutorial, you'll see how to use that information and the formula for the volume of a triangular prism to get the answer. Take a look!", "* #### How Do You Find the Volume of a Triangular Pyramid?\nIf you want to find the volume of a triangular pyramid, you'll need to know the length and height of the base and the height of the pyramid. Once you have those values, you can plug them into the fo" ] }, "parsed_md": "How Do You Find the Volume of a Rectangular Prism? | Virtual Nerd\n\nReal math help.\n\n# How Do You Find the Volume of a Rectangular Prism?\n\n# How Do You Find the Volume of a Rectangular Prism?\n\n### Note:\n\nFinding the volume of a rectangular prism isn't so bad, especially if you\nalready know the length, width, and height. In this tutorial, you'll see how\nto use that information and the formula for the volume of a rectangular prism\nto get the answer. Check it out!\n\n### Keywords:\n\n * rectangular prism\n * base times height\n * base\n * height\n * rectangle\n * prism\n * volume\n * area of rectangle\n\n### Background Tutorials\n\n * #### Area Formulas\n\n * #### What is the Formula for the Area of a Rectangle?\n\nTrying to find the area of a rectangle? There's a formula that can help! Check\nout this tutorial to learn about the formula for the area of a rectangle.\n\n * #### Evaluating Expressions\n\n * #### How Do You Evaluate an Algebraic Expression?\n\nPlugging variables into an expression is essential for solving many algebra\nproblems. See how to plug in variable values by watching this tutorial.\n\n * #### What is a Variable?\n\nYou can't do algebra without working with variables, but variables can be\nconfusing. If you've ever wondered what variables are, then this tutorial is\nfor you!\n\n * #### Working with Integers\n\n * #### What's an Integer?\n\nThere are lots of different kinds of numbers that you'll come across in\nalgebra, and a lot of these kinds of numbers are related to each other. Before\nyou learn how they are related, you've got to learn about them separately, and\nin this tutorial you'll how to define integers :)\n\n### Further Exploration\n\n * #### Finding Volumes\n\n * #### How Do You Find the Volume of a Cylinder?\n\nThe volume of a cylinder is the amount of space that will fit inside it. You\ncan use the formula for the volume of a cylinder to find that amount! In this\ntutorial, see how to use that formula and the radius and height of the\ncylinder to find the volume. Check it out!\n\n * #### How Do You Find the Volume of a Triangular Prism?\n\nFinding the volume of a triangular prism isn't so bad, especially if you\nalready know the length and height of the base and the height of the prism. In\nthis tutorial, you'll see how to use that information and the formula for the\nvolume of a triangular prism to get the answer. Take a look!\n\n * #### How Do You Find the Volume of a Triangular Pyramid?\n\nIf you want to find the volume of a triangular pyramid, you'll need to know\nthe length and height of the base and the height of the pyramid. Once you have\nthose values, you can plug them into the fo\n\n * About\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.thecalculatorsite.com/articles/units/how-to-calculate-cubic-feet.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200807002758/https://www.thecalculatorsite.com/articles/units/how-to-calculate-cubic-feet.php", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Calculate Cubic Feet", "passages": [ "* cm to inches\n* cm to feet & inches\n* Cubic feet to gallons\n* Cubic yards to tons\n* Grams to ounces\n* Grams to pounds\n* Inch-pounds to ft-lb\n* Inches to cm\n\n* Kilos to stones & lb\n* Kilos to pounds\n* Liters to gallons\n* Liters to tons\n* Meters to feet & inches\n* Micrograms to mg\n* Micrograms to grams\n* Milligrams to grams\n\n* mm to inches\n* Newton-Meters to ft lb\n* Ounces to troy ounces\n* Square feet to cubic feet\n* Square feet to cubic yds\n* Stones to pounds & oz\n* Watts to amps\nHandy Calculators", "It's not an everyday problem, but there will be times when you need to calculate the capacity of something. Instead of staring blankly into the trunk of your car, getting a tension headache trying to find the biggest bathtub, or weeping when confronted by the decision over buying a new fridge-freezer or oven, just take control!", "There are only three measurements you need to take to work out the volume or capacity in cubic feet: length, width and height. It's worth being aware of the object you're measuring, however. For example, if you're aiming to measure the cubic feet capacity of a refrigerator, you need to measure the space inside the fridge, and not the dimensions of the exterior. You can read instructions for measuring a refrigerator here.", "Once you've obtained the three measurements, it's only a case of multiplying them together. Or, if you prefer, you can let the cubic feet calculator do the hard work for you.", "If the shape is irregular, mentally divide it into regular shapes and calculate the volume for each part separately, before adding them all together.", "For example, an L shaped cabinet designed to fit the corner of a room could be dealt with as two different rectangles, one longer, one shorter. Just work out the capacity of each one individually and then add them together for the total capacity of the cabinet.", "If you're shopping online, the dimensions of something may only be given in inches. If you're looking at plans for a room, maybe the figures are given in metres or yards. But don't worry! To arrive at the cubic feet measurement, you only need to add one extra step into your calculations...", "If you need to convert to cubic feet from inches: divide the final number (i.e. the total you get after multiplying the three dimensions together) by 1728.", "I want to buy a dressing-up box for my daughter, but one looks longer while the other looks taller. I can't judge by eye which one can store the most costumes.", "My friend is driving us on a trip, and I need to work out how much stuff I can bring.", "The trunk of her car is L shaped, because there's a storage section built into one corner to hold a toolbox. The largest rectangle of the L is 60\" x 30\" x 35\" and the smaller rectangle is 18\" x 14\" x 35\".", "If you would still like help calculating the cubic feet volume of an item, give the cubic feet calculator a try.", "about this website | links | forums | cookie use | disclaimer | privacy policy | © ARGH Industries Ltd - 2020" ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Calculate Cubic Feet\n\nCalc\n\n * Home\n * Finance Calculators\n\n * Compound Interest Calculator\n * CAGR Calculator\n * Car Loan Calculator\n * Credit Card Repayment Calculators\n * Currency Converter\n * Hourly to Salary Calculator\n * Interest Rate Calculator\n * IRR Calculator\n * Loan Calculator\n * Margin Calculator\n * Mortgage Calculator\n * Mortgage Refinance Calculator\n * Retirement Planning Calculator\n * Savings Calculators\n * Savings Goal Calculators\n * Simple Interest Calculator\n * Time Card Calculator\n\n * Unit Conversions\n\n * Acceleration\n * Area\n * Data Storage\n * Data Transfer Rate\n * Energy\n * Fuel Consumption\n * Height\n * Length and Distance\n * Liquid Volume\n * Mass\n * Power\n * Pressure\n * Water Weight\n * Weight\n * More unit conversions »\n\n * Cooking Conversions\n\n * Baking Conversions\n * Cooking Converter\n * Cups to Grams\n * Cups to mL\n * Cups to Ounces\n * Grams to Tablespoons\n * Grams to Teaspoons\n * mL to Grams\n * Ounces to mL\n * Oven Temperatures\n * Pounds and Cups\n * Quarts to Cups\n * Teaspoons to Grams\n * Teaspoons to mL\n\n * Featured Units\n\n * cm to inches\n * cm to feet & inches\n * Cubic feet to gallons\n * Cubic yards to tons\n * Grams to ounces\n * Grams to pounds\n * Inch-pounds to ft-lb\n * Inches to cm\n * Kilos to stones & lb\n * Kilos to pounds\n * Stones to lb & oz\n * Micrograms to mg\n * Micrograms to grams\n * Milligrams to grams\n * mm to inches\n * Liters to gallons\n * Liters to tons\n * Meters to feet & inches\n * Newton-Meters to Foot-Pounds\n * Ounces to troy ounces\n * Square feet to cubic feet\n * Square feet to cubic yards\n * Watts to amps\n * More unit conversions »\n\n * Handy Calculators\n\n * Age Calculator\n * Birthday Calculator\n * BMI Calculator\n * BMR Calculator\n * Chronological Age\n * Cubic Feet Calculator\n * Cubic Yards Calculator\n * Date Calculator\n * Days Between Dates\n * Days Until...\n * Decimals to Fractions\n * Density Calculator\n * Fractions Calculators\n * Hex to Decimal Converters\n * LED Savings Calculator\n * Mulch Calculator\n * Percentage Calculator\n * Percentage Change\n * Pregnancy Calculator\n * Roman Numerals\n * Scientific Calculator\n * Square Footage Calculator\n * Steps to Miles Calc\n * WHR Calculator\n\n * Articles\n * Contact Me\n\n * Finance\n\n### Finance Calculators\n\n * Compound Interest\n * CAGR Calculator\n * Car Loan Calculator\n * Credit Card Repayment\n * Currency Converter\n * Hourly Wage to Salary\n * Interest Rate Calculator\n * IRR Calculator\n * Loan Calculator\n\n * Margin Calculator\n * Mortgage Calculator\n * Mortgage Refinance\n * Retirement Planning\n * Savings Calculators\n * Savings Goals\n * Simple Interest Calc\n * Time Card Calculator\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n * How to Calculate Net Income (With Examples)\n * What is the Difference Between Nominal, Effective and APR Interest Rates?\n * How Long Will It Take To Save? (Includes Calculator)\n * Compound Interest Formula With Examples\n * Profit Margin Formula - Explained\n * Balloon Payments: Definition and Benefits\n\n * Unit Conversions\n\n### Unit Converters\n\n * Acceleration\n * Area\n * Data Storage\n * Data Transfer Rate\n * Energy\n * Fuel Consumption\n * Height\n * Length and Distance\n * Liquid Volume\n\n * Mass and Weight\n * Power\n * Pressure\n * Temperature\n * Time\n * Velocity\n * Water Weight\n * Weight\n * Weight to Volume\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n * How Much Does a Gallon of Water Weigh?\n * How Many Cubic Feet is my Refrigerator?\n * How Many Steps Are In a Mile?\n * Weights and Measures - a Poem\n * How Many Meters Are in a Mile?\n * How Big Is A Hectare?\n\n * Featured Units\n\n### Featured Units\n\n * cm to inches\n * cm to feet & inches\n * Cubic feet to gallons\n * Cubic yards to tons\n * Grams to ounces\n * Grams to pounds\n * Inch-pounds to ft-lb\n * Inches to cm\n\n * Kilos to stones & lb\n * Kilos to pounds\n * Liters to gallons\n * Liters to tons\n * Meters to feet & inches\n * Micrograms to mg\n * Micrograms to grams\n * Milligrams to grams\n\n * mm to inches\n * Newton-Meters to ft lb\n * Ounces to troy ounces\n * Square feet to cubic feet\n * Square feet to cubic yds\n * Stones to pounds & oz\n * Watts to amps\n\n * Handy Calculators\n\n### Handy Calculators\n\n * Age Calculator\n * Birthday Calculator\n * BMI Calculator\n * BMR Calculator\n * Chronological Age\n * Cubic Feet Calculator\n * Cubic Yards Calculator\n * Date Calculator\n\n * Days Between Dates\n * Days Until...\n * Decimals to Fractions\n * Density Calculator\n * Fractions Calculators\n * Hex to Decimal\n * LED Savings Calculator\n * Mulch Calculator\n\n * Percentage Calculator\n * Percentage Change\n * Pregnancy Calculator\n * Roman Numerals\n * Scientific Calculator\n * Square Footage\n * Steps to Miles Calc\n * WHR Calculator\n\n * Cooking Converters\n\n### Cooking Converters\n\n * Baking Conversions\n * Cooking Converter\n * Cups to Grams\n * Cups to mL\n * Cups to Ounces\n * Grams to Tablespoons\n * Grams to Teaspoons\n\n * mL to Grams\n * Ounces to mL\n * Oven Temperatures\n * Pounds and Cups\n * Quarts to Cups\n * Teaspoons to Grams\n * Teaspoons to mL\n\n * Articles\n * Contact Me\n\nhome » units » articles » how to calculate cubic feet\n\n# How To Calculate Cubic Feet\n\nBy Becky Kleanthous| Last update: 27 November 2019\n\nIt's not an everyday problem, but there will be times when you need to\ncalculate the capacity of something. Instead of staring blankly into the trunk\nof your car, getting a tension headache trying to find the biggest bathtub, or\nweeping when confronted by the decision over buying a new fridge-freezer or\noven, just take control!\n\n## How to do it\n\nThere are only three measurements you need to take to work out the volume or\ncapacity in cubic feet: length, width and height. It's worth being aware of\nthe object you're measuring, however. For example, if you're aiming to measure\nthe cubic feet capacity of a refrigerator, you need to measure the space\ninside the fridge, and not the dimensions of the exterior. You can read\ninstructions for measuring a refrigerator here.\n\nOnce you've obtained the three measurements, it's only a case of multiplying\nthem together. Or, if you prefer, you can let the cubic feet calculator do the\nhard work for you.\n\nLength (feet) x Width (feet) x Height (feet) = Volume in cubic feet (written\nas Xft^3)\n\nIf the shape is irregular, mentally divide it into regular shapes and\ncalculate the volume for each part separately, before adding them all\ntogether.\n\nFor example, an L shaped cabinet designed to fit the corner of a room could be\ndealt with as two different rectangles, one longer, one shorter. Just work out\nthe capacity of each one individually and then add them together for the total\ncapacity of the cabinet.\n\n## Converting to cubic feet from other units\n\nIf you're shopping online, the dimensions of something may only be given in\ninches. If you're looking at plans for a room, maybe the figures are given in\nmetres or yards. But don't worry! To arrive at the cubic feet measurement, you\nonly need to add one extra step into your calculations...\n\n * If you need to convert to cubic feet from inches: divide the final number (i.e. the total you get after multiplying the three dimensions together) by 1728.\n * If you need to convert to cubic feet from metres: multiply your final number by 35.31.\n * If you need to convert to cubic feet from yards: multiply your final number by 27.\n\n## Real world examples\n\nLet's take a look at a couple of examples of situations where you may need to\ncalculate cubic feet...\n\n### Example 1\n\nI want to buy a dressing-up box for my daughter, but one looks longer while\nthe other looks taller. I can't judge by eye which one can store the most\ncostumes.\n\nBox A is 70\" x 30\" x 30\" = 63,000\".\n\n63,000 divided by 1728 (cubic inches to cubic ft conversion) = 36.45. So it is\n36.45ft^3\n\nBox B is 60\" x 28\" x 45\" = 75,600\".\n\n75,600 divided by 1728 (cubic inches to cubic ft conversion) = 43.75.\n\nSo it is 43.75ft^3. Box B has the larger capacity, so I will buy that one.\n\nLet's try another...\n\n### Example 2\n\nMy friend is driving us on a trip, and I need to work out how much stuff I can\nbring.\n\nThe trunk of her car is L shaped, because there's a storage section built into\none corner to hold a toolbox. The largest rectangle of the L is 60\" x 30\" x\n35\" and the smaller rectangle is 18\" x 14\" x 35\".\n\nLarger rectangle\n\n60 x 30 x 35 = 63,000. 63,000 divided by 1728 = 36.45. 36.45ft^3\n\nSmaller rectangle\n\n18 x 14 x 35 = 8,820. 8,820 divided by 1728 = 5.10. 5.10ft^3\n\nAnd the two added together (36.45ft^3 + 5.1ft^3 ) makes a total capacity of\n41.55ft^3.\n\nIf you would still like help calculating the cubic feet volume of an item,\ngive the cubic feet calculator a try.\n\nRate this article\n\nPlease rate this article below. If you have any feedback on it, please contact\nme.\n\n## Your comments\n\nUnit articles\n\n 1. How Much Does a Gallon of Water Weigh?\n 2. How Many Cubic Feet is my Refrigerator?\n 3. How Many Steps Are In a Mile?\n 4. Weights and Measures - a Poem\n 5. How Many Meters Are in a Mile?\n\nabout this website | links | forums | cookie use | disclaimer | privacy policy\n| © ARGH Industries Ltd - 2020\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/circle-area.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190907123816/https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/circle-area.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Area of a Circle", "passages": [ "Enter the radius, diameter, circumference or area of a Circle to find the other three. The calculations are done \"live\":", "A circle has about 80% of the area of a similar-width square. The actual value is (π/4) = 0.785398... = 78.5398...%" ] }, "parsed_md": "Area of a Circle\n\nShow Ads\n\nHide Ads About Ads\n\n# Area of a Circle\n\n## Calculator\n\nEnter the radius, diameter, circumference or area of a Circle to find the\nother three. The calculations are done \"live\":\n\n## How to Calculate the Area\n\nThe area of a circle is:\n\nπ (Pi) times the Radius squared:A = π r^2\n\nor, when you know the Diameter:A = (π/4) × D^2\n\nor, when you know the Circumference:A = C^2 / 4π\n\n### Example: What is the area of a circle with radius of 3 m ?\n\nRadius = r = 3\n\nArea= π r^2\n\n= π × 3^2\n\n= 3.14159... × (3 × 3)\n\n= 28.27 m^2 (to 2 decimal places)\n\n## How to Remember?\n\nTo help you remember think \"Pie Are Squared\" (even though pies are usually\nround)\n\n## Comparing a Circle to a Square\n\nIt is interesting to compare the area of a circle to a square:\n\nA circle has about 80% of the area of a similar-width square. The actual value\nis (π/4) = 0.785398... = 78.5398...%\n\nWhy? Because the Square's Area is w^2 and the Circle's Area is (π/4) × w^2\n\n### Example: Compare a square to a circle of width 3 m\n\nSquare's Area = w^2 = 3^2 = 9 m^2\n\nEstimate of Circle's Area = 80% of Square's Area = 80% of 9 = 7.2 m^2\n\nCircle's True Area = (π/4) × D^2 = (π/4) × 3^2 = 7.07 m^2 (to 2 decimals)\n\nThe estimate of 7.2 m^2 is not far off 7.07 m^2\n\n## A \"Real World\" Example\n\n### Example: Max is building a house. The first step is to drill holes and\nfill them with concrete.\n\nThe holes are 0.4 m wide and 1 m deep, how much concrete should Max order for\neach hole?\n\nThe holes are circular (in cross section) because they are drilled out using\nan auger.\n\nThe diameter is 0.4m, so the Area is:\n\nA = (π/4) × D^2\n\nA = (3.14159.../4) × 0.4^2\n\nA = 0.7854... × 0.16\n\nA = 0.126 m^2 (to 3 decimals)\n\nAnd the holes are 1 m deep, so:\n\nVolume = 0.126 m^2 × 1 m = 0.126 m^3\n\nSo Max should order 0.126 cubic meters of concrete to fill each hole.\n\nNote: Max could have estimated the area by:\n\n * 1\\. Calculating a square hole: 0.4 × 0.4 = 0.16 m^2\n * 2\\. Taking 80% of that (estimates a circle): 80% × 0.16 m^2 = 0.128 m^2\n * 3\\. And the volume of a 1 m deep hole is: 0.128 m^3\n\nAnd something interesting for you:\n\nSee Circle Area by Lines\n\nCircle Circle Area by Sectors Geometry Index\n\nCopyright © 2017 MathsIsFun.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://virtualnerd.com:80/geometry/surface-area-volume-solid/prisms-cylinders-volume/cylinder-volume-example", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200320174349/http://virtualnerd.com:80/geometry/surface-area-volume-solid/prisms-cylinders-volume/cylinder-volume-example", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Do You Find the Volume of a Cylinder?", "passages": [ "The volume of a cylinder is the amount of space that will fit inside it. You can use the formula for the volume of a cylinder to find that amount! In this tutorial, see how to use that formula and the radius and height of the cylinder to find the volume. Check it out!", "Did you know that you can figure out the formula for the area of a circle by first turning the circle into a parallelogram? It seems a little weird, but it really works! Watch this tutorial to see how it's done!", "Is an irrational number just a way to describe a number that's lost its mind? Not really. :) An irrational number is simply a number that cannot be written as a fraction. Check out the definition, learn an important property of these special numbers, and take a look at some examples of irrational numbers.", "Plugging variables into an expression is essential for solving many algebra problems. See how to plug in variable values by watching this tutorial.", "* #### What is a Variable?\nYou can't do algebra without working with variables, but variables can be confusing. If you've ever wondered what variables are, then this tutorial is for you!", "* #### What's the Order of Operations?\nCheck out this tutorial where you'll see exactly what order you need to follow when you simplify expressions. You'll also see what happens when you don't follow these rules, and you'll find out why order of operations is so important!", "Want to find the height of a cylinder? Already know the volume of the cylinder and radius of the base? Then, you can use the formula for the volume of a cylinder to find the height! Check out this tutorial to see how!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How Do You Find the Volume of a Cylinder? | Virtual Nerd\n\nReal math help.\n\n# How Do You Find the Volume of a Cylinder?\n\n# How Do You Find the Volume of a Cylinder?\n\n### Note:\n\nThe volume of a cylinder is the amount of space that will fit inside it. You\ncan use the formula for the volume of a cylinder to find that amount! In this\ntutorial, see how to use that formula and the radius and height of the\ncylinder to find the volume. Check it out!\n\n### Keywords:\n\n * volume\n * cylinder\n * circle base\n * base\n * radius\n * area of a circle\n * height\n * base times height\n\n### Background Tutorials\n\n * #### Perimeter, Circumference, and Area\n\n * #### What is the Formula for the Area of a Circle?\n\nDid you know that you can figure out the formula for the area of a circle by\nfirst turning the circle into a parallelogram? It seems a little weird, but it\nreally works! Watch this tutorial to see how it's done!\n\n * #### Real Number Definitions\n\n * #### What's an Irrational Number?\n\nIs an irrational number just a way to describe a number that's lost its mind?\nNot really. :) An irrational number is simply a number that cannot be written\nas a fraction. Check out the definition, learn an important property of these\nspecial numbers, and take a look at some examples of irrational numbers.\n\n * #### Evaluating Expressions\n\n * #### How Do You Evaluate an Algebraic Expression?\n\nPlugging variables into an expression is essential for solving many algebra\nproblems. See how to plug in variable values by watching this tutorial.\n\n * #### What is a Variable?\n\nYou can't do algebra without working with variables, but variables can be\nconfusing. If you've ever wondered what variables are, then this tutorial is\nfor you!\n\n * #### What's the Order of Operations?\n\nCheck out this tutorial where you'll see exactly what order you need to follow\nwhen you simplify expressions. You'll also see what happens when you don't\nfollow these rules, and you'll find out why order of operations is so\nimportant!\n\n### Further Exploration\n\n * #### Finding Volumes\n\n * #### How Do You Find the Height of a Cylinder if You Know the Volume?\n\nWant to find the height of a cylinder? Already know the volume of the cylinder\nand radius of the base? Then, you can use the formula for the volume of a\ncylinder to find the height! Check out this tutorial to see how!\n\n * About\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mathplanet.com/education/pre-algebra/inequalities-and-one-step-equations/calculating-the-area-and-the-perimeter", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190325133054/https://www.mathplanet.com/education/pre-algebra/inequalities-and-one-step-equations/calculating-the-area-and-the-perimeter", "parsed_text": { "title": "Calculating the area and the perimeter (Pre-Algebra, Inequalities and one-step equations) – Mathplanet", "passages": [ "The perimeter is the length of the outline of a shape. To find the perimeter of a rectangle or square you have to add the lengths of all the four sides. x is in this case the length of the rectangle while y is the width of the rectangle.", "The area is measurement of the surface of a shape. To find the area of a rectangle or a square you need to multiply the length and the width of a rectangle or a square.", "There are different units for perimeter and area The perimeter has the same units as the length of the sides of rectangle or square whereas the area's unit is squared." ] }, "parsed_md": "Calculating the area and the perimeter (Pre-Algebra, Inequalities and one-step\nequations) – Mathplanet\n\nMathplanet\n\nMenu\n\n# Calculating the area and the perimeter\n\nThe perimeter is the length of the outline of a shape. To find the perimeter\nof a rectangle or square you have to add the lengths of all the four sides. x\nis in this case the length of the rectangle while y is the width of the\nrectangle.\n\nThe perimeter, P, is:\n\n$$P= x+x+y+y$$\n\n$$P=2x+2y$$\n\n$$P=2(x+y)$$\n\nExample\n\nFind the perimeter of this rectangle:\n\n$$P=7+7+4+4$$\n\n$$P=2\\cdot 7+2\\cdot 4$$\n\n$$P=2\\cdot (7+4)$$\n\n$$P=2\\cdot 11$$\n\n$$P=22in$$\n\nThe area is measurement of the surface of a shape. To find the area of a\nrectangle or a square you need to multiply the length and the width of a\nrectangle or a square.\n\nArea, A, is x times y.\n\n$$A=x\\cdot y$$\n\nExample\n\nFind the area of this square.\n\n$$A=x\\cdot y$$\n\n$$A=5\\cdot 5$$\n\n$$A=25in^{2}$$\n\nThere are different units for perimeter and area The perimeter has the same\nunits as the length of the sides of rectangle or square whereas the area's\nunit is squared.\n\n## Video lesson\n\nCalculate the perimeter and the area in feet\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nMathplanet is licensed by Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-\nNoDerivatives 4.0 Internationell-licens.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.thecalculatorsite.com/misc/cubic-feet-calculator.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190730104328/https://www.thecalculatorsite.com/misc/cubic-feet-calculator.php", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cubic Feet Calculator (feet, inches, cm, m, yards)", "passages": [ "* cm to inches\n* cm to feet & inches\n* cubic yards to tons\n* g to pounds & ounces\n* Inch-pounds to ft-lb\n* Inches to cm\n* kg to stones & pounds\n\n* kg to pounds & ounces\n* Liters to gallons\n* Liters to tons\n* Meters to feet & inches\n* Micrograms to mg\n* Micrograms to grams\n* Milligrams to grams\n\n* mm to inches\n* Newton-Meters to ft lb\n* Ounces to troy ounces\n* Square feet to cubic feet\n* Square feet to cubic yds\n* Stones to pounds & oz\n* Watts to amps\nHandy Calculators", "To calculate the volume or capacity of an object or space in cubic feet, simply enter its width, length and height in either feet, inches, centimeters, meters or yards into the calculator below. An explanation for calculating cubic feet manually can be found at the bottom of the page.", "If you like my calculator, please help me spread the word by sharing it with your friends or on your website or blog. Thank you.", "Whilst every effort has been made in building this cubic feet calculator, we are not to be held liable for any special, incidental, indirect or consequential damages or monetary losses of any kind arising out of or in connection with the use of the converter tools and information derived from the web site. This cubic feet calculator is here purely as a service to you, please use it at your own risk. Do not use calculations for anything where loss of life, money, property, etc could result from inaccurate conversions.", "Cubic feet is a unit of volume. To calculate the volume or capacity of an item or space in cubic feet you will first need to measure its length, width and height in either feet, inches (or a combo of both), centimeters, meters or yards. Once you have those measurements, you apply some multiplication as follows...", "If you have measured the width, length and height of your item in feet then the calculation process is straight forward: Simply multiply the 3 figures together.", "As an example, let's say you're looking for the capacity of a box that measures 5ft by 3ft by 2ft. Multiplying those 3 figures together gives you a total cubic feet value of 30ft^3.", "As an example, let's say you're looking for the capacity of a box that measures 55\" x 30\" x 15\". Multiplying those 3 figures together gives you a total cubic inches value of 24750in^3. To convert that figure to cubic feet we divide it by 1728, giving a total of 14.323ft^3.", "Once you have your resulting figure, check it against the calculator at the top of this page. As an alternative, if you've taken your measurements and want to convert them to cubic yards, give the cubic yards calculator a try.", "One cubic foot equals 1728 cubic inches. So, to convert from cubic inches to cubic feet you should divide your cubic inches figure by 1728. Should you not wish to do this manually, give my volume converter a try." ] }, "parsed_md": "Cubic Feet Calculator (feet, inches, cm, m, yards)\n\nCalc\n\nCalc\n\n * Home\n * Finance Calculators\n\n * Compound Interest Calculator\n * CAGR Calculator\n * Car Loan Calculator\n * Credit Card Repayment Calculators\n * Currency Converter\n * Interest Rate Calculator\n * IRR Calculator\n * Loan Calculator\n * Margin Calculator\n * Mortgage Calculator\n * Mortgage Refinance Calculator\n * Retirement Planning Calculator\n * Savings Calculators\n * Savings Goal Calculators\n * Simple Interest Calculator\n\n * Unit Conversions\n\n * Acceleration\n * Area\n * Data Storage\n * Data Transfer Rate\n * Energy\n * Fuel Consumption\n * Height\n * Length and Distance\n * Liquid Volume\n * Mass\n * Power\n * Pressure\n * Substance Converters\n * Weight\n * More unit conversions »\n\n * Cooking Conversions\n\n * Baking Conversions\n * Cooking Converter\n * Cups to Grams\n * Cups to mL\n * Cups to Ounces\n * Grams to Teaspoons\n * mL to Grams\n * Ounces to mL\n * Oven Temperatures\n * Pounds and Cups\n * Quarts to Cups\n * Teaspoons to Grams\n\n * Featured Units\n\n * cm to inches\n * cm to feet & inches\n * Cubic yards to tons\n * g to pounds & ounces\n * Inch-pounds to ft-lb\n * Inches to cm\n * kg to stones & pounds\n * kg to pounds & ounces\n * Stones to pounds & oz\n * Micrograms to mg\n * Micrograms to grams\n * Milligrams to grams\n * mm to inches\n * Liters to gallons\n * Liters to tons\n * Meters to feet & inches\n * Newton-Meters to Foot-Pounds\n * Ounces to troy ounces\n * Square feet to cubic feet\n * Square feet to cubic yards\n * Watts to amps\n * More unit conversions »\n\n * Handy Calculators\n\n * Age Calculator\n * Birthday Calculator\n * BMI Calculator\n * BMR Calculator\n * Cubic Feet Calculator\n * Cubic Yards Calculator\n * Date Calculator\n * Days Between Dates\n * Decimals to Fractions\n * Fractions Calculators\n * Hex to Decimal Converters\n * LED Savings Calculator\n * Mulch Calculator\n * Percentage Calculator\n * Pregnancy Calculator\n * Roman Numerals\n * Scientific Calculator\n * Square Footage Calculator\n * Steps to Miles Calc\n * WHR Calculator\n\n * Articles\n * Contact Me\n\n * Finance\n\n### Finance Calculators\n\n * Compound Interest\n * CAGR Calculator\n * Car Loan Calculator\n * Credit Card Repayment\n * Currency Converter\n * Interest Rate Calculator\n * IRR Calculator\n * Loan Calculator\n\n * Margin Calculator\n * Mortgage Calculator\n * Mortgage Refinance\n * Retirement Planning\n * Savings Calculators\n * Savings Goals\n * Simple Interest Calc\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n * How Long Will It Take To Save? (Includes Calculator)\n * Profit Margin Formula - Explained\n * Compound Interest Formula With Examples\n * Future Value Formula And Calculator\n * How Much Is a TRILLION?\n * How Much Is a BILLION?\n * Compound interest formula - explained\n\n * Unit Conversions\n\n### Unit Converters\n\n * Acceleration\n * Area\n * Data Storage\n * Data Transfer Rate\n * Energy\n * Fuel Consumption\n * Height\n * Length and Distance\n * Liquid Volume\n\n * Mass and Weight\n * Power\n * Pressure\n * Temperature\n * Time\n * Velocity\n * Weight\n * Weight to Volume\n * Substance Converters\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n * How Big Is A Hectare?\n * How Big Is An Acre? Explained\n * How Many Steps Are In a Mile?\n * US Gallons And Imperial Gallons - Why Are They Different?\n * How Many Grams Of Sugar Are In a Teaspoon?\n * How Many Cubic Feet Are In a Yard?\n\n * Featured Units\n\n### Featured Units\n\n * cm to inches\n * cm to feet & inches\n * cubic yards to tons\n * g to pounds & ounces\n * Inch-pounds to ft-lb\n * Inches to cm\n * kg to stones & pounds\n\n * kg to pounds & ounces\n * Liters to gallons\n * Liters to tons\n * Meters to feet & inches\n * Micrograms to mg\n * Micrograms to grams\n * Milligrams to grams\n\n * mm to inches\n * Newton-Meters to ft lb\n * Ounces to troy ounces\n * Square feet to cubic feet\n * Square feet to cubic yds\n * Stones to pounds & oz\n * Watts to amps\n\n * Handy Calculators\n\n### Handy Calculators\n\n * Age Calculator\n * Birthday Calculator\n * BMI Calculator\n * BMR Calculator\n * Cubic Feet Calculator\n * Cubic Yards Calculator\n * Date Calculator\n\n * Days Between Dates\n * Decimals to Fractions\n * Fractions Calculators\n * Hex to Decimal\n * LED Savings Calculator\n * Mulch Calculator\n * Percentage Calculator\n\n * Pregnancy Calculator\n * Roman Numerals\n * Scientific Calculator\n * Square Footage\n * Steps to Miles Calc\n * WHR Calculator\n\n * Cooking Converters\n\n### Cooking Converters\n\n * Baking Conversions\n * Cooking Converter\n * Cups to Grams\n * Cups to mL\n * Cups to Ounces\n * Grams to Teaspoons\n\n * mL to Grams\n * Ounces to mL\n * Oven Temperatures\n * Pounds and Cups\n * Quarts to Cups\n * Teaspoons to Grams\n\n * Articles\n * Contact Me\n\nYou are here: the calculator site » handy calculators » cubic feet calculator\n\n# Cubic Feet Calculator\n\nTo calculate the volume or capacity of an object or space in cubic feet,\nsimply enter its width, length and height in either feet, inches, centimeters,\nmeters or yards into the calculator below. An explanation for calculating\ncubic feet manually can be found at the bottom of the page.\n\n * Feet and inches\n * cm, meters, yards\n\n### Like this? Please share\n\nIf you like my calculator, please help me spread the word by sharing it with\nyour friends or on your website or blog. Thank you.\n\nhttps://www.thecalculatorsite.com/misc/cubic-feet-calculator.php\n\n#### Disclaimer\n\nWhilst every effort has been made in building this cubic feet calculator, we\nare not to be held liable for any special, incidental, indirect or\nconsequential damages or monetary losses of any kind arising out of or in\nconnection with the use of the converter tools and information derived from\nthe web site. This cubic feet calculator is here purely as a service to you,\nplease use it at your own risk. Do not use calculations for anything where\nloss of life, money, property, etc could result from inaccurate conversions.\n\nPlease see the full disclaimer for more information.\n\n## How to calculate cubic feet\n\nCubic feet is a unit of volume. To calculate the volume or capacity of an item\nor space in cubic feet you will first need to measure its length, width and\nheight in either feet, inches (or a combo of both), centimeters, meters or\nyards. Once you have those measurements, you apply some multiplication as\nfollows...\n\n### Calculating cubic feet from measurements in feet\n\nIf you have measured the width, length and height of your item in feet then\nthe calculation process is straight forward: Simply multiply the 3 figures\ntogether.\n\nAs an example, let's say you're looking for the capacity of a box that\nmeasures 5ft by 3ft by 2ft. Multiplying those 3 figures together gives you a\ntotal cubic feet value of 30ft^3.\n\nShould you have already calculated your square footage, you simply need to\nmultiply this figure by the height measurement.\n\n### Calculating cubic feet from inches\n\nIf you have measured the dimensions of your item in inches then do the\nfollowing:\n\n 1. Multiply your length, width and height figures together, giving you a total in cubic inches (in^3)\n 2. Divide the total by 1728 (as there are 1728 cubic inches in a cubic foot).\n\nAs an example, let's say you're looking for the capacity of a box that\nmeasures 55\" x 30\" x 15\". Multiplying those 3 figures together gives you a\ntotal cubic inches value of 24750in^3. To convert that figure to cubic feet we\ndivide it by 1728, giving a total of 14.323ft^3.\n\n### Calculating cubic feet from centimeters\n\nIf you have measured the dimensions of your item in centimeters (cm) then do\nthe following:\n\n 1. Multiply your length, width and height figures together, giving you a total in cubic centimeters (cm^3)\n 2. Divide the total by 28,316.85 (as there are approximately 28,316.85 cubic cm in a cubic foot).\n\n### Calculating cubic feet from yards\n\nIf you have measured the dimensions of your item in yards then do the\nfollowing:\n\n 1. Multiply your length, width and height figures together, giving you a total in cubic yards (yd^3)\n 2. Multiply the total by 27 (as there are 27 cubic feet in a cubic yard).\n\nOnce you have your resulting figure, check it against the calculator at the\ntop of this page. As an alternative, if you've taken your measurements and\nwant to convert them to cubic yards, give the cubic yards calculator a try.\n\nYou can learn more about how to calculate cubic feet in this article.\n\n## How to convert from cubic inches to cubic feet\n\nOne cubic foot equals 1728 cubic inches. So, to convert from cubic inches to\ncubic feet you should divide your cubic inches figure by 1728. Should you not\nwish to do this manually, give my volume converter a try.\n\nreport this ad\n\nUnit articles\n\n 1. How Big Is A Hectare?\n 2. How Big Is An Acre? Explained\n 3. How Many Steps Are In a Mile?\n 4. US Gallons And Imperial Gallons - Why Are They Different?\n 5. How Many Grams Of Sugar Are In a Teaspoon?\n\nreport this ad\n\nabout this website | links | forums | disclaimer | privacy policy | © ARGH\nIndustries Ltd - 2019\n\n" } ]
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How To Decide Whether or Not to Get an Abortion
To decide whether or not to get an abortion, ask your doctor about your options, and look for information in government publications or reputable news sources. If you look for information online, avoid websites that pushing an overtly pro-life or pro-choice agenda, since they can often have a lot of misinformation. Consider how a pregnancy or baby would impact your life, keeping in mind your financial situation, your health, and what kind of support network you have to help you raise the child. The decision is ultimately yours to make, but it may be difficult, so consider reaching out to your loved ones or a professional counselor for advice.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20170508235001/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/pregnancy/pregnant-now-what/thinking-about-abortion", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170508214526/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/abortion/parental-consent-notification-laws", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512043902/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/abortion/in-clinic-abortion-procedures", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190429184131/https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/surgical_abortion_first_trimester/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160705115548/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007382.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210912160144/https://www.webmd.com/baby/folic-acid-and-pregnancy", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506073443/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/abortion/the-abortion-pill", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501234645/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/expert-answers/abortion/faq-20058551", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170509000020/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/pregnancy/crisis-pregnancy-centers", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511045953/https://www.whattoexpect.com/wom/pregnancy/how-late-can-you-get-an-abortion-in-the-united-states.aspx" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/pregnancy/pregnant-now-what/thinking-about-abortion", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170508235001/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/pregnancy/pregnant-now-what/thinking-about-abortion", "parsed_text": { "title": "Thinking About Abortion", "passages": [ "Millions of women face unplanned pregnancies every year. If you are deciding what to do about an unplanned pregnancy, you have a lot to think about. You have three options — abortion, adoption, and parenting.", "Whether you're thinking about having an abortion, you're helping a woman decide if abortion is right for her, or you're just curious about abortion, you may have many questions. Here are some of the most common questions we hear women ask when considering abortion. We hope you find the answers helpful.", "We all have many important decisions to make in life. What to do about an unplanned pregnancy is an important and common decision faced by women. In fact, about half of all women in the U.S. have an unplanned pregnancy at some point in their lives. About 4 out of 10 women with unplanned pregnancies decide to have abortions. Overall, 3 in 10 U.S. women will have an abortion by the time they are 45 years old.", "Women have abortions because they care about themselves and their families or their future families. Every woman's situation is different, and only you can decide what is best in your case. If you're trying to decide if abortion is the right option for you, you may find it helpful to list the advantages and disadvantages of having an abortion. Think about what advantages or disadvantages are most important to you. Consider how you feel and what you think about abortion, what you want for your life and for your family or future family.", "Think about what your answers mean to you. You may want to discuss your answers with your partner, someone in your family, a friend, a trusted religious adviser, or a counselor.", "Women can feel alone or isolated when they are considering abortion. You may feel that it's hard to talk to the people you normally reach out to for support. Some people can be very judgmental. When you're around judgmental people, you may feel bad about yourself or your decisions. Seek out people you know will support you and who will understand that you're trying to do what's best for yourself and your family or future family.", "Most women look to their husbands, partners, families, health care providers, clergy, or someone else they trust for support as they make their decision about an unplanned pregnancy. And many women go to the clinic with their partners. But you don't have to tell anybody. If you're 18 or older, it is entirely up to you who you tell.", "Teens are encouraged to involve parents in their decision to have an abortion, and most do have a parent involved. But telling a parent is only required in states with mandatory parental involvement laws. Such laws force a woman under 18 to tell a parent or get parental permission before having an abortion. In most of these states, if she can't talk with her parents — or doesn't want to — she can appear before a judge. The judge will consider whether she's mature enough to decide on her own. If not, the judge will decide whether an abortion is in her best interests.", "Specially trained educators at women's health clinics — like your Planned Parenthood health center — can talk with you in private. Or you may bring someone with you if you wish. When choosing a clinic, beware of so-called \"crisis pregnancy centers\" that are run by people who are against abortion.", "Abortion is safe, and serious complications are rare — but the risk to your health increases the longer a pregnancy continues. Abortions performed later in pregnancy may be more complicated but are still safer than labor and childbirth. So, even though it's important to take the time you need to make the decision that's best for you, it is important that you understand there may be greater health risks later in pregnancy. So, you may not want to wait too long.", "If you decide to end a pregnancy, your health care provider may talk with you about different abortion methods. You may be offered the option to have an in- clinic abortion, or you may be offered the abortion pill.", "There are many myths about the risks of abortion. Here are the facts. Abortion does not cause breast cancer. Safe, uncomplicated abortion does not cause problems for future pregnancies such as birth defects, premature birth or low birth weight babies, ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, or infant death.", "A range of emotions is normal after an abortion. There is not one \"correct\" way to feel. Some women feel anger, regret, guilt, or sadness for a little while. For some women, these feelings may be quite strong.", "For some women, having an abortion can be a significant life event, like ending a relationship, starting or losing a job, or becoming a parent. It can be very stressful and difficult. Other women have an easier time after abortion.", "Serious, long-term emotional problems after abortion are about as uncommon as they are after giving birth. They are more likely to happen for certain reasons — for instance, if a woman has a history of emotional problems before the abortion, if she doesn't have supportive people in her life, or if she has to terminate a wanted pregnancy because her health or the health of her fetus is in danger.", "Ultimately, most women feel relief after an abortion. Women tend to feel better after abortion if they can talk with supportive people in their lives. Post-abortion counseling services are available. Contact Exhale, a free, after-abortion talkline, that provides confidential and nonjudgmental emotional support, information, and resources for women who have had abortions." ] }, "parsed_md": "Thinking about Abortion? | Information to Help you Decide\n\nX\n\n * Learn\n * Get Care\n * Get Involved\n * About Us\n\n * #### Just For You\n\n * Info for Teens\n * Tools for Parents\n * Tools for Educators\n\n * #### Get the Facts\n\n * Abortion\n * Birth Control\n * Morning-After Pill (Emergency Contraception)\n * STDs\n * Women's Health\n\n * Newsroom\n * Contact Us\n * Jobs & Volunteering\n * Store\n * Sitemap\n\n#### Planned Parenthood\n\n * Follow\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Twitter\n * @PPFA: Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * @PPAct: Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Like Planned Parenthood on Facebook\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Youtube\n * Planned Parenthood^©\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Google+\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Instagram\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood\n * Ask The Experts\n * Women Are Watching\n * Close\n\n * Home\n * En Español\n\nTake Action » Donate »\n\n# Thinking About Abortion\n\nMillions of women face unplanned pregnancies every year. If you are deciding\nwhat to do about an unplanned pregnancy, you have a lot to think about. You\nhave three options — abortion, adoption, and parenting.\n\nWhether you're thinking about having an abortion, you're helping a woman\ndecide if abortion is right for her, or you're just curious about abortion,\nyou may have many questions. Here are some of the most common questions we\nhear women ask when considering abortion. We hope you find the answers\nhelpful.\n\nExpand All\n\n#### How Can I Know If Abortion Is the Right Option for Me?\n\nWe all have many important decisions to make in life. What to do about an\nunplanned pregnancy is an important and common decision faced by women. In\nfact, about half of all women in the U.S. have an unplanned pregnancy at some\npoint in their lives. About 4 out of 10 women with unplanned pregnancies\ndecide to have abortions. Overall, 3 in 10 U.S. women will have an abortion by\nthe time they are 45 years old.\n\nWomen have abortions because they care about themselves and their families or\ntheir future families. Every woman's situation is different, and only you can\ndecide what is best in your case. If you're trying to decide if abortion is\nthe right option for you, you may find it helpful to list the advantages and\ndisadvantages of having an abortion. Think about what advantages or\ndisadvantages are most important to you. Consider how you feel and what you\nthink about abortion, what you want for your life and for your family or\nfuture family.\n\n## Some Things to Ask Yourself If You Are Thinking About Abortion\n\n * Am I ready to become a parent?\n * Can I afford to have a child?\n * Can I afford to have an abortion?\n * What would it mean for my future and my family's future if I had a child now?\n * Would I consider putting the child up for adoption?\n * Do I have strong religious beliefs about abortion?\n * How do I feel about other women who have abortions?\n * How important is it to me what other people will think about my decision?\n * Can I handle the experience of having an abortion?\n * Is anyone pressuring me to have an abortion? Am I being pressured not to have an abortion?\n * Would I be willing to tell a parent or go before a judge if my state requires it?\n\nThink about what your answers mean to you. You may want to discuss your\nanswers with your partner, someone in your family, a friend, a trusted\nreligious adviser, or a counselor. \n \n--- \n \n#### Who Can Help Me Decide?\n\nWomen can feel alone or isolated when they are considering abortion. You may\nfeel that it's hard to talk to the people you normally reach out to for\nsupport. Some people can be very judgmental. When you're around judgmental\npeople, you may feel bad about yourself or your decisions. Seek out people you\nknow will support you and who will understand that you're trying to do what's\nbest for yourself and your family or future family.\n\nMost women look to their husbands, partners, families, health care providers,\nclergy, or someone else they trust for support as they make their decision\nabout an unplanned pregnancy. And many women go to the clinic with their\npartners. But you don't have to tell anybody. If you're 18 or older, it is\nentirely up to you who you tell.\n\nIf You Are a Teen ...\n\nTeens are encouraged to involve parents in their decision to have an abortion,\nand most do have a parent involved. But telling a parent is only required in\nstates with mandatory parental involvement laws. Such laws force a woman under\n18 to tell a parent or get parental permission before having an abortion. In\nmost of these states, if she can't talk with her parents — or doesn't want to\n— she can appear before a judge. The judge will consider whether she's mature\nenough to decide on her own. If not, the judge will decide whether an abortion\nis in her best interests.\n\nIn any case, if there are complications during the abortion, parents of a\nminor may be notified. \n \n--- \n \nSpecially trained educators at women's health clinics — like your Planned\nParenthood health center — can talk with you in private. Or you may bring\nsomeone with you if you wish. When choosing a clinic, beware of so-called\n\"crisis pregnancy centers\" that are run by people who are against abortion.\n\n#### How Soon Do I Have to Decide?\n\nAbortion is safe, and serious complications are rare — but the risk to your\nhealth increases the longer a pregnancy continues. Abortions performed later\nin pregnancy may be more complicated but are still safer than labor and\nchildbirth. So, even though it's important to take the time you need to make\nthe decision that's best for you, it is important that you understand there\nmay be greater health risks later in pregnancy. So, you may not want to wait\ntoo long.\n\n#### How Is Abortion Done?\n\nIf you decide to end a pregnancy, your health care provider may talk with you\nabout different abortion methods. You may be offered the option to have an in-\nclinic abortion, or you may be offered the abortion pill.\n\n#### Are There Any Long-Term Risks of Abortion?\n\nThere are many myths about the risks of abortion. Here are the facts. Abortion\ndoes not cause breast cancer. Safe, uncomplicated abortion does not cause\nproblems for future pregnancies such as birth defects, premature birth or low\nbirth weight babies, ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, or infant death.\n\n#### If I Have an Abortion, How Will I Feel Afterward?\n\nA range of emotions is normal after an abortion. There is not one \"correct\"\nway to feel. Some women feel anger, regret, guilt, or sadness for a little\nwhile. For some women, these feelings may be quite strong.\n\nFor some women, having an abortion can be a significant life event, like\nending a relationship, starting or losing a job, or becoming a parent. It can\nbe very stressful and difficult. Other women have an easier time after\nabortion.\n\nSerious, long-term emotional problems after abortion are about as uncommon as\nthey are after giving birth. They are more likely to happen for certain\nreasons — for instance, if a woman has a history of emotional problems before\nthe abortion, if she doesn't have supportive people in her life, or if she has\nto terminate a wanted pregnancy because her health or the health of her fetus\nis in danger.\n\nUltimately, most women feel relief after an abortion. Women tend to feel\nbetter after abortion if they can talk with supportive people in their lives.\nPost-abortion counseling services are available. Contact Exhale, a free,\nafter-abortion talkline, that provides confidential and nonjudgmental\nemotional support, information, and resources for women who have had\nabortions.\n\n© 2017 Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc. 1-800-230-PLAN\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\nTerms of Use\n\nCall Planned Parenthood Donate Today\n\n * Like Planned Parenthood on Facebook\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Twitter\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Youtube\n * Planned Parenthood^©\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Google+\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Instagram\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood\n * Ask The Experts\n * Women Are Watching\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * En Español\n\n© 2014 Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc.\n\nThinking About Abortion\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/abortion/parental-consent-notification-laws", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170508214526/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/abortion/parental-consent-notification-laws", "parsed_text": { "title": "Parental Consent and Notification Laws", "passages": [ "If you're under 18, you may or may not have to tell a parent in order to get an abortion — it all depends on the laws where you live.", "Some states don't have any laws about telling your parents or getting their permission. But some states say you have to get permission from a parent or older family member to have an abortion. Other states don’t make you get permission, but your parents will have to know that you’re getting an abortion.", "A judge may be able to excuse you from having to tell your parents or get their permission — this is called \"judicial bypass\".", "And know that you’re not alone. If you’re pregnant and want to have an abortion, call your nearest Planned Parenthood health center as soon as possible. They can help explain the laws in your state, let you know what your options are, and give you tips on talking with your parents.", "It's important to take action right away. Abortion is very safe, but there are more risks the longer you wait. There are also time limits on abortion in some states. And if you need a judicial bypass, it can take a while to get through the process.", "Alabama Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Arizona Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Arkansas Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Colorado Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement. If you do not live with your parents, but you live with a grandparent, or an adult aunt or uncle, the adult relative you live with may be told in place of your parents.", "Delaware If you are under 16, your state requires that one of your parents, a grandparent or a mental health professional be told of your decision 24 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Florida Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Georgia Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision 24 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Idaho Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Illinois Your state requires that one of your parents, a step-parent living in the household, or a grandparent be told of your decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Indiana Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Iowa Your state requires that one of your parents or a grandparent be told of your decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Kansas Your state requires that both of your parents give permission for your abortion. If your parents are separated or divorced, only the parent with custody needs to give permission. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Kentucky Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Louisiana Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Maryland Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision before your abortion, unless you do not live with either parent and a reasonable effort to give notice is unsuccessful. A doctor can excuse you from this requirement.", "Massachusetts Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Michigan Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Minnesota Your state requires that both of your parents be told of your decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Mississippi Your state requires that both of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement. If your parents are separated or divorced, only the parent with primary custody must consent.", "Missouri Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Montana If you are under 16, your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Nebraska Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "New Hampshire Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "North Carolina Your state requires that one of your parents, or a grandparent with whom you have lived for at least six months immediately preceding the abortion, give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "North Dakota Your state requires that both of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Ohio Your state requires that a parent or legal guardian give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Oklahoma Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision at least 48 hours before the abortion takes place, and give permission for the abortion. A judge can excuse you from these requirements.", "Pennsylvania Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Rhode Island Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "South Carolina If you are under 17, your state requires that one of your parents or a grandparent give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "South Dakota Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Tennessee Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Texas Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion, and separately that one parent be told of your decision 48 hours before the abortion takes place. A judge from your county (or a neighboring county, if fewer than 10,000 people live in your county) can excuse you from both of these requirements.", "Utah Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your abortion, and separately that one parent be told of your decision 24 hours before the abortion takes place. A judge can excuse you from the first requirement (permission), but not the second (that a parent be told). You can, however, be excused from the second requirement if you have only one parent and that parent has abused you, and your doctor reports that abuse to the appropriate authorities. You can also be excused from this requirement if your parent has failed to take responsibility for your care.", "Virginia Your state requires that one of your parents or a grandparent or adult sibling with whom you live give permission for your abortion, and separately that one parent or a grandparent or adult sibling with whom you live be told of your decision 24 hours before the abortion takes place. A judge can excuse you from both of these requirements.", "West Virginia Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision 24 hours before your abortion. A judge or a doctor, other than the doctor who will perform the abortion, can excuse you from this requirement.", "Wisconsin Your state requires that one of your parents; a foster parent; a grandparent; or an aunt, uncle, or sibling who is at least 25 years old give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.", "Wyoming Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision 48 hours before your abortion and give permission for the abortion. A judge can excuse you from these requirements." ] }, "parsed_md": "Parental Consent and Notification Laws | Judicial Bypass\n\nX\n\n * Learn\n * Get Care\n * Get Involved\n * About Us\n\n * #### Just For You\n\n * Info for Teens\n * Tools for Parents\n * Tools for Educators\n\n * #### Get the Facts\n\n * Abortion\n * Birth Control\n * Morning-After Pill (Emergency Contraception)\n * STDs\n * Women's Health\n\n * Newsroom\n * Contact Us\n * Jobs & Volunteering\n * Store\n * Sitemap\n\n#### Planned Parenthood\n\n * Follow\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Twitter\n * @PPFA: Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * @PPAct: Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Like Planned Parenthood on Facebook\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Youtube\n * Planned Parenthood^©\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Google+\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Instagram\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood\n * Ask The Experts\n * Women Are Watching\n * Close\n\n * Home\n * En Español\n\nTake Action » Donate »\n\n# Parental Consent and Notification Laws\n\nIf you're under 18, you may or may not have to tell a parent in order to get\nan abortion — it all depends on the laws where you live.\n\nSome states don't have any laws about telling your parents or getting their\npermission. But some states say you have to get permission from a parent or\nolder family member to have an abortion. Other states don’t make you get\npermission, but your parents will have to know that you’re getting an\nabortion.\n\nA judge may be able to excuse you from having to tell your parents or get\ntheir permission — this is called \"judicial bypass\".\n\nThe exact rules are different in different places. Find information on\nparental involvement in your state below.\n\nAnd know that you’re not alone. If you’re pregnant and want to have an\nabortion, call your nearest Planned Parenthood health center as soon as\npossible. They can help explain the laws in your state, let you know what your\noptions are, and give you tips on talking with your parents.\n\nIt's important to take action right away. Abortion is very safe, but there are\nmore risks the longer you wait. There are also time limits on abortion in some\nstates. And if you need a judicial bypass, it can take a while to get through\nthe process.\n\nAlabama Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nAlaska No parental involvement requirement.\n\nArizona Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nArkansas Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nCalifornia No parental involvement requirement.\n\nColorado Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision\n48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\nIf you do not live with your parents, but you live with a grandparent, or an\nadult aunt or uncle, the adult relative you live with may be told in place of\nyour parents.\n\nConnecticut No parental involvement requirement.\n\nDelaware If you are under 16, your state requires that one of your parents, a\ngrandparent or a mental health professional be told of your decision 24 hours\nbefore your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nDistrict of Columbia (Washington, D.C.) No parental involvement requirement.\n\nFlorida Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision\n48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nGeorgia Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision\n24 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nHawaii No parental involvement requirement.\n\nIdaho Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nIllinois Your state requires that one of your parents, a step-parent living in\nthe household, or a grandparent be told of your decision 48 hours before your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nIndiana Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nIowa Your state requires that one of your parents or a grandparent be told of\nyour decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this\nrequirement.\n\nKansas Your state requires that both of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. If your parents are separated or divorced, only the parent with\ncustody needs to give permission. A judge can excuse you from this\nrequirement.\n\nKentucky Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nLouisiana Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for\nyour abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nMaine No parental involvement requirement.\n\nMaryland Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision\nbefore your abortion, unless you do not live with either parent and a\nreasonable effort to give notice is unsuccessful. A doctor can excuse you from\nthis requirement.\n\nMassachusetts Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for\nyour abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nMichigan Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nMinnesota Your state requires that both of your parents be told of your\ndecision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this\nrequirement.\n\nMississippi Your state requires that both of your parents give permission for\nyour abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement. If your parents\nare separated or divorced, only the parent with primary custody must consent.\n\nMissouri Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nMontana If you are under 16, your state requires that one of your parents be\ntold of your decision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you\nfrom this requirement.\n\nNebraska Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nNevada No parental involvement requirement.\n\nNew Hampshire Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your\ndecision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this\nrequirement.\n\nNew Jersey No parental involvement requirement.\n\nNew Mexico No parental involvement requirement.\n\nNew York No parental involvement requirement.\n\nNorth Carolina Your state requires that one of your parents, or a grandparent\nwith whom you have lived for at least six months immediately preceding the\nabortion, give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this\nrequirement.\n\nNorth Dakota Your state requires that both of your parents give permission for\nyour abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nOhio Your state requires that a parent or legal guardian give permission for\nyour abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nOklahoma Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision\nat least 48 hours before the abortion takes place, and give permission for the\nabortion. A judge can excuse you from these requirements.\n\nOregon No parental involvement requirement.\n\nPennsylvania Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for\nyour abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nRhode Island Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for\nyour abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nSouth Carolina If you are under 17, your state requires that one of your\nparents or a grandparent give permission for your abortion. A judge can excuse\nyou from this requirement.\n\nSouth Dakota Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your\ndecision 48 hours before your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this\nrequirement.\n\nTennessee Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for\nyour abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nTexas Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion, and separately that one parent be told of your decision 48 hours\nbefore the abortion takes place. A judge from your county (or a neighboring\ncounty, if fewer than 10,000 people live in your county) can excuse you from\nboth of these requirements.\n\nUtah Your state requires that one of your parents give permission for your\nabortion, and separately that one parent be told of your decision 24 hours\nbefore the abortion takes place. A judge can excuse you from the first\nrequirement (permission), but not the second (that a parent be told). You can,\nhowever, be excused from the second requirement if you have only one parent\nand that parent has abused you, and your doctor reports that abuse to the\nappropriate authorities. You can also be excused from this requirement if your\nparent has failed to take responsibility for your care.\n\nVermont No parental involvement requirement.\n\nVirginia Your state requires that one of your parents or a grandparent or\nadult sibling with whom you live give permission for your abortion, and\nseparately that one parent or a grandparent or adult sibling with whom you\nlive be told of your decision 24 hours before the abortion takes place. A\njudge can excuse you from both of these requirements.\n\nWashington No parental involvement requirement.\n\nWest Virginia Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your\ndecision 24 hours before your abortion. A judge or a doctor, other than the\ndoctor who will perform the abortion, can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nWisconsin Your state requires that one of your parents; a foster parent; a\ngrandparent; or an aunt, uncle, or sibling who is at least 25 years old give\npermission for your abortion. A judge can excuse you from this requirement.\n\nWyoming Your state requires that one of your parents be told of your decision\n48 hours before your abortion and give permission for the abortion. A judge\ncan excuse you from these requirements.\n\n© 2017 Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc. 1-800-230-PLAN\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\nTerms of Use\n\nCall Planned Parenthood Donate Today\n\n * Like Planned Parenthood on Facebook\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Twitter\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Youtube\n * Planned Parenthood^©\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Google+\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Instagram\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood\n * Ask The Experts\n * Women Are Watching\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * En Español\n\n© 2014 Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc.\n\nParental Consent and Notification Laws\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/abortion/in-clinic-abortion-procedures", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512043902/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/abortion/in-clinic-abortion-procedures", "parsed_text": { "title": "In-Clinic Abortion Procedure", "passages": [ "Planned Parenthood has a partner website about sexual health topics specifically for Nigeria. Would you like to go to the Nigeria website?", "Abortion is a medical procedure that ends a pregnancy. In-clinic abortion procedures are safe and effective. In-clinic abortions are also called surgical abortions.", "In-clinic abortion works by using suction to take a pregnancy out of your uterus. There are a couple of kinds of in-clinic abortion procedures. Your doctor or nurse will know which type is right for you, depending on how far you are into your pregnancy.", "Suction abortion (also called vacuum aspiration) is the most common type of in-clinic abortion. It uses gentle suction to empty your uterus. It’s usually used until about 14-16 weeks after your last period.", "Dilation and Evacuation (D&E) is another kind of in-clinic abortion procedure. It uses suction and medical tools to empty your uterus. You can get a D&E later in a pregnancy than aspiration abortion -- usually if it has been 16 weeks or longer since your last period.", "In-clinic abortions are extremely effective. They work more than 99 out of every 100 times. Needing to get a repeat procedure because the abortion didn’t work is really rare.", "How early you can get an abortion depends on where you go. In some places, you can get it as soon as you have a positive pregnancy test. Other doctors or nurses prefer to wait until 5-6 weeks after the first day of your last period.", "How late you can get an abortion depends on the laws in your state and what doctor, abortion clinic, or Planned Parenthood health center you go to. It may be harder to find a health care provider who will do an abortion after the 12th week of pregnancy, so it’s best to try to have your abortion as soon as possible.", "Which kind of abortion you choose all depends on your personal preference and situation. Some people choose in-clinic abortion because they want to to have their procedure done at a health center, with nurses, doctors, and trained support staff there the whole time. (With the abortion pill, you have the abortion at home.)", "In-clinic abortions are also much faster than the abortion pill: most in- clinic abortions only take about 5-10 minutes, while a medication abortion may take up to 24 hours to complete.", "Planned Parenthood delivers vital reproductive health care, sex education, and information to millions of people worldwide. Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. is a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit under EIN 13-1644147. Donations are tax-deductible to the fullest extent allowable under the law." ] }, "parsed_md": "In-Clinic Abortion Procedure | Abortion Methods\n\nGo to Content Go to Navigation Go to Navigation Go to Site Search Homepage\n\nPlanned Parenthood has a partner website about sexual health topics\nspecifically for Nigeria. Would you like to go to the Nigeria website?\n\nVisit the Nigeria Site (DASUBJECTMATTER.ORG) STAY ON THE PLANNED PARENTHOOD\nSITE\n\nEspañol Donate\n\n# In-Clinic Abortion\n\nIn This Section\n\n * In-Clinic Abortion\n * What happens during an in-clinic abortion?\n * What can I expect after an in-clinic abortion?\n\n * How safe is an in-clinic abortion?\n * How do I get an in-clinic abortion?\n\n## What is an abortion?\n\nAbortion is a medical procedure that ends a pregnancy. In-clinic abortion\nprocedures are safe and effective. In-clinic abortions are also called\nsurgical abortions.\n\n## What are the types of in-clinic abortions?\n\nIn-clinic abortion works by using suction to take a pregnancy out of your\nuterus. There are a couple of kinds of in-clinic abortion procedures. Your\ndoctor or nurse will know which type is right for you, depending on how far\nyou are into your pregnancy.\n\nSuction abortion (also called vacuum aspiration) is the most common type of\nin-clinic abortion. It uses gentle suction to empty your uterus. It’s usually\nused until about 14-16 weeks after your last period.\n\nDilation and Evacuation (D&E) is another kind of in-clinic abortion procedure.\nIt uses suction and medical tools to empty your uterus. You can get a D&E\nlater in a pregnancy than aspiration abortion -- usually if it has been 16\nweeks or longer since your last period.\n\n## How effective are in-clinic abortions?\n\nIn-clinic abortions are extremely effective. They work more than 99 out of\nevery 100 times. Needing to get a repeat procedure because the abortion didn’t\nwork is really rare.\n\n## When can I get an in-clinic abortion?\n\nHow early you can get an abortion depends on where you go. In some places, you\ncan get it as soon as you have a positive pregnancy test. Other doctors or\nnurses prefer to wait until 5-6 weeks after the first day of your last period.\n\nHow late you can get an abortion depends on the laws in your state and what\ndoctor, abortion clinic, or Planned Parenthood health center you go to. It may\nbe harder to find a health care provider who will do an abortion after the\n12th week of pregnancy, so it’s best to try to have your abortion as soon as\npossible.\n\n## Why do people choose an in-clinic abortion?\n\nWhich kind of abortion you choose all depends on your personal preference and\nsituation. Some people choose in-clinic abortion because they want to to have\ntheir procedure done at a health center, with nurses, doctors, and trained\nsupport staff there the whole time. (With the abortion pill, you have the\nabortion at home.)\n\nIn-clinic abortions are also much faster than the abortion pill: most in-\nclinic abortions only take about 5-10 minutes, while a medication abortion may\ntake up to 24 hours to complete.\n\nYour nurse, doctor, or health center counselor can help you decide which kind\nof abortion is best for you.\n\n### Book an Appointment\n\nOr call 1-800-230-7526\n\n### Abortion Clinics Near You\n\nView Planned Parenthood health centers that provide abortion care and get the\ninformation you need to schedule an appointment.\n\nYour information is private and anonymous.\n\nFind Abortion Services\n\n### Need Help? Chat Now.\n\nChat online to get answers about pregnancy, birth control, emergency\ncontraception, STDs, and abortion.\n\nChat Now\n\n## Book an Appointment\n\nOr call 1-800-230-7526\n\nPlanned Parenthood delivers vital reproductive health care, sex education, and\ninformation to millions of people worldwide. Planned Parenthood Federation of\nAmerica, Inc. is a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit under EIN 13-1644147.\nDonations are tax-deductible to the fullest extent allowable under the law.\n\nCall Planned Parenthood Donate\n\n© 2021 Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/surgical_abortion_first_trimester/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190429184131/https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/surgical_abortion_first_trimester/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Surgical Abortion (First Trimester)", "passages": [ "Surgical abortion, also known as suction aspiration abortion, can be performed in a one-day procedure if less than 14 weeks have passed since the first day of your last menstrual period. The procedure is done in the doctor's office with local anesthesia and oral pain-relieving medications.", "You will be in a private room during your health education, exam, procedure and recovery. The entire visit will take around three hours if you are less than 12 weeks pregnant. If you are 12 to 14 weeks pregnant, your visit will last five to six hours. In either case, you will need to arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure.", "When you check in for your appointment, we will verify your insurance information, collect your co-payment if applicable and ask you to complete some forms, including a medical history. The UCSF Women's Options Center is integrated into the general Women's Health Center practice; women are not identified in the reception area as desiring pregnancy termination and there are no signs advertising our clinic. This ensures the privacy and safety of our patients and staff.", "Shortly after you arrive, one of our female health educators will bring you to a private room. You will discuss and learn about pregnancy options, the abortion procedure and various birth control methods. You may remain fully dressed for this part of your appointment. The health educator will take your blood pressure, pulse and weight. If you brought a support person with you, he or she may stay with you during the health education. Since UCSF Medical Center is a teaching hospital, we may ask your permission to have a doctor-in- training listen in on the health education, which takes around 20 to 40 minutes.", "After your conversation with the health educator, you will meet the doctor. Our doctors are obstetrician-gynecologists with specialized training and interest in abortion provision and family planning. The doctor will review your medical history, perform an ultrasound exam to determine your pregnancy's gestation, and give you medications. If you are less than 12 weeks pregnant, you will receive oral pain medications, including Vicodin, Valium and ibuprofen, at this time. If you are 12 to 14 weeks pregnant, you also will receive a medication called misoprostol, which softens your cervix to make dilation easier. This portion of the visit takes about 20 minutes.", "If you are less than 12 weeks pregnant, the oral medications need 45 to 60 minutes to be most effective. You will be awake, but well relaxed. You may stay in your room or wait in the reception area. We have magazines and portable stereos; you may want to bring something to read or a CD to occupy your wait time, which will be 45 to 60 minutes.", "If you are 12 to 14 weeks pregnant, the misoprostol needs two to three hours to work. We will loan you a beeper so you can walk around the neighborhood or go downstairs to our café and garden area. We will page you when it is time for you to return to the clinic. When you return, we will give you oral medications, including Vicodin, Valium and ibuprofen, and ask you to wait an additional 30 to 60 minutes for those to fully relax you.", "When you are fully relaxed, the doctor, health educator and/or doctor-in- training, will ask you to undress from the waist down and put on a patient gown. Your support person can be right next to you for the whole procedure.", "1. Use a speculum to view inside your vagina 2. Clean your vagina and cervix with gauze soaked in soap 3. Apply numbing medication to your cervix 4. Dilate your cervix, the tight opening to your uterus, with thin metal rods 5. Insert a narrow flexible tube into your uterus 6. Apply gentle suction to the other end of the tube to remove all of the pregnancy tissue", "Toward the end of the procedure, you may feel a cramp that feels similar to a menstrual cramp in your uterus, as it is shrinking down to its usual size.", "Most of the procedure time is spent preparing your body for the procedure. The suction portion only takes about a minute and the entire procedure takes around 15 to 20 minutes.", "After the procedure, you should remain resting for a few minutes. You will probably have some cramping and spotting. We will provide you with a heat pack and a menstrual pad as well as juice and crackers. When you feel able, you may get dressed.", "Your health educator will then give you instructions on how to take care of your body. The doctor will give you antibiotics and a prescription for birth control if you desire it. You will have arranged ahead of time to have someone drive you home. You should go immediately home to rest and let the medications wear off. You should be able to return to normal activities, such as work and school, the next day.", "Unless you are experiencing complications related to the procedure, you do not need to visit our office again. We recommend that you make an appointment to see your regular doctor for an annual pap smear, physical or gynecologic exam and birth control refill requests." ] }, "parsed_md": "Surgical Abortion (First Trimester) | Conditions & Treatments | UCSF Medical\nCenter\n\nUniversity of California San Francisco\n\nAbout UCSFUCSF Benioff Children's Hospital\n\n * Find a Doctor\n\n * Find a Doctor\n * Meet Our Doctors\n * Second Opinion\n\n * Medical Services\n\n * Clinics & Programs\n * Specialty Care Clinics\n * Request an Appointment\n * Conditions & Treatments\n * Patient Education\n * Clinical Trials\n * Get a Second Opinion\n\n * Patients & Visitors\n\n * Locations & Directions\n * Patient & Family Support Services\n * Billing\n * Medical Records\n * Health Insurance\n * Your Hospital Stay\n * MyChart\n * Contact Us\n * Visitor FAQs\n * Send a Patient a Message\n * Gift Shops\n\n * Referring Physicians\n\n * Refer a Patient\n * Transfer a Patient\n * Labor and Delivery Transport\n * Request a Consultation\n * UCSF MD Link\n * Video Center\n\n * About Us\n\n * Our Affiliates\n * Join Our Team\n * Volunteer\n * Donate\n * Contact Us\n * HIPAA & Patient Rights\n * Diversity\n * Our Leadership\n * Annual Reports\n * Pricing Transparency\n * 340B Drug Pricing Program\n\nHome > Conditions & Treatments > Surgical Abortion (First Trimester)\n\n * Conditions & Treatments\n * Conditions & Treatments A-Z\n * Medical Tests\n * Patient Education\n * Special Programs\n\n# Surgical Abortion (First Trimester)\n\nSurgical abortion, also known as suction aspiration abortion, can be performed\nin a one-day procedure if less than 14 weeks have passed since the first day\nof your last menstrual period. The procedure is done in the doctor's office\nwith local anesthesia and oral pain-relieving medications.\n\nYou will be in a private room during your health education, exam, procedure\nand recovery. The entire visit will take around three hours if you are less\nthan 12 weeks pregnant. If you are 12 to 14 weeks pregnant, your visit will\nlast five to six hours. In either case, you will need to arrange for someone\nto drive you home after the procedure.\n\n### Preparation\n\nWhen you check in for your appointment, we will verify your insurance\ninformation, collect your co-payment if applicable and ask you to complete\nsome forms, including a medical history. The UCSF Women's Options Center is\nintegrated into the general Women's Health Center practice; women are not\nidentified in the reception area as desiring pregnancy termination and there\nare no signs advertising our clinic. This ensures the privacy and safety of\nour patients and staff.\n\nShortly after you arrive, one of our female health educators will bring you to\na private room. You will discuss and learn about pregnancy options, the\nabortion procedure and various birth control methods. You may remain fully\ndressed for this part of your appointment. The health educator will take your\nblood pressure, pulse and weight. If you brought a support person with you, he\nor she may stay with you during the health education. Since UCSF Medical\nCenter is a teaching hospital, we may ask your permission to have a doctor-in-\ntraining listen in on the health education, which takes around 20 to 40\nminutes.\n\nAfter your conversation with the health educator, you will meet the doctor.\nOur doctors are obstetrician-gynecologists with specialized training and\ninterest in abortion provision and family planning. The doctor will review\nyour medical history, perform an ultrasound exam to determine your pregnancy's\ngestation, and give you medications. If you are less than 12 weeks pregnant,\nyou will receive oral pain medications, including Vicodin, Valium and\nibuprofen, at this time. If you are 12 to 14 weeks pregnant, you also will\nreceive a medication called misoprostol, which softens your cervix to make\ndilation easier. This portion of the visit takes about 20 minutes.\n\nIf you are less than 12 weeks pregnant, the oral medications need 45 to 60\nminutes to be most effective. You will be awake, but well relaxed. You may\nstay in your room or wait in the reception area. We have magazines and\nportable stereos; you may want to bring something to read or a CD to occupy\nyour wait time, which will be 45 to 60 minutes.\n\nIf you are 12 to 14 weeks pregnant, the misoprostol needs two to three hours\nto work. We will loan you a beeper so you can walk around the neighborhood or\ngo downstairs to our café and garden area. We will page you when it is time\nfor you to return to the clinic. When you return, we will give you oral\nmedications, including Vicodin, Valium and ibuprofen, and ask you to wait an\nadditional 30 to 60 minutes for those to fully relax you.\n\n### Procedure\n\nWhen you are fully relaxed, the doctor, health educator and/or doctor-in-\ntraining, will ask you to undress from the waist down and put on a patient\ngown. Your support person can be right next to you for the whole procedure.\n\nDuring the procedure, the doctor will:\n\n1\\. Use a speculum to view inside your vagina 2. Clean your vagina and cervix\nwith gauze soaked in soap 3. Apply numbing medication to your cervix 4. Dilate\nyour cervix, the tight opening to your uterus, with thin metal rods 5. Insert\na narrow flexible tube into your uterus 6. Apply gentle suction to the other\nend of the tube to remove all of the pregnancy tissue\n\nToward the end of the procedure, you may feel a cramp that feels similar to a\nmenstrual cramp in your uterus, as it is shrinking down to its usual size.\n\nMost of the procedure time is spent preparing your body for the procedure. The\nsuction portion only takes about a minute and the entire procedure takes\naround 15 to 20 minutes.\n\n### Recovery\n\nAfter the procedure, you should remain resting for a few minutes. You will\nprobably have some cramping and spotting. We will provide you with a heat pack\nand a menstrual pad as well as juice and crackers. When you feel able, you may\nget dressed.\n\nYour health educator will then give you instructions on how to take care of\nyour body. The doctor will give you antibiotics and a prescription for birth\ncontrol if you desire it. You will have arranged ahead of time to have someone\ndrive you home. You should go immediately home to rest and let the medications\nwear off. You should be able to return to normal activities, such as work and\nschool, the next day.\n\n### Follow-Up Visits\n\nUnless you are experiencing complications related to the procedure, you do not\nneed to visit our office again. We recommend that you make an appointment to\nsee your regular doctor for an annual pap smear, physical or gynecologic exam\nand birth control refill requests.\n\nReviewed by health care specialists at UCSF Medical Center.\n\n### UCSF Clinics & Centers\n\nWomen's Health Center\n\n### Read More\n\n * FAQ: Post-Abortion Care and Recovery\n * Medical Versus Surgical Abortion\n\n#### Getting Care\n\n * Find a Doctor\n * Emergency Care\n * Primary Care\n * All Medical Services\n * International Services\n\n#### Getting Involved\n\n * Donate\n * Volunteer\n * Join Our Team\n\n#### About Us\n\n * Locations and Directions\n * Contact Us\n * Contact Patient Relations\n * Quality of Patient Care\n * Our Organization\n * News Center\n * Notice of Privacy Practices\n\n#### Research & Education\n\n * Clinical Trials\n * UC San Francisco\n * UCSF School of Medicine\n * UCSF School of Nursing\n * UCSF School of Pharmacy\n\n#### Referring Physicians\n\n * Refer a Patient\n * Transfer a Patient\n * Request a Consultation\n * MD Link\n\nNeed a doctor? Call us at (888) 689-UCSF or browse our directory.\n\n© 2002 - 2019 The Regents of The University of California\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007382.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160705115548/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007382.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "medical: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia", "passages": [ "Medical abortion is the use of medicine to end an undesired pregnancy. The medicine helps remove the fetus and placenta from the mother's womb (uterus).", "An abortion is not the same as a miscarriage. Miscarriage is when a pregnancy ends on its own before the 20th week of pregnancy.", "A medical, or nonsurgical, abortion can be done within 7 weeks from the first day of the woman's last period. A combination of prescription hormone medicines are used to help the body remove the fetus and placenta tissue. Your health care provider may give you the medicines after performing a physical exam and asking questions about your medical history.", "Medicines used include mifepristone, methotrexate, misoprostol, prostaglandins, or a combination of these medicines. Your provider will prescribe the medicine, and you will take it at home.", "After you take the medicine, your body will expel the pregnancy tissue. Most women have moderate to heavy bleeding and cramping for several hours. Your provider may prescribe medicine for pain and possible nausea to make you more comfortable during this process.", "The decision to end a pregnancy is very personal. To help weigh your choices, discuss your feelings with a counselor, health care provider, or a family member or friend.", "A blood test is done to check your blood type. Based on the test result, you may need a special shot to prevent problems if you get pregnant in the future. The shot is called Rho(D) Immune Globulin (RhoGAM and other brands).", "Vaginal or abdominal ultrasound may be done to determine the exact age of the fetus and its location in the womb.", "Follow-up with your health care provider is essential to ensure the process was completed and all the tissue was expelled. The medicine may not work in a very small number of women. If this happens, another dose of the medicine or a surgical abortion procedure may need to be done to complete the process.", "Physical recovery usually occurs within a few days, depending on the stage of the pregnancy. Expect some vaginal bleeding and mild cramping for a few days.", "A warm bath, a heating pad set on low, or a hot water bottle filled with warm water placed on the abdomen may help relieve discomfort. Rest as needed. Do not do any vigorous activity for a few days. Light housework is fine. Avoid sexual intercourse for 2 to 3 weeks. A normal menstrual period should occur in about 4 to 6 weeks.", "You can get pregnant before your next period. Be sure to make arrangements to prevent pregnancy, especially during the first month after the abortion.", "Medical and surgical abortions are safe and effective. They rarely have serious complications. It is rare for a medical abortion to affect a woman's fertility or her ability to bear children in the future.", "American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Clinical management guidelines of obstetrician-gynecologists. Medical management of first- trimester abortion. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;123:676-92. Practice Bulletin No. 143.", "American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Clinical management guidelines of obstetrician-gynecologists. Medical management of abortion. Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Oct;106(4):871-82. Reaffirmed 2009.", "Annas GJ, Elias S. Legal and ethical issues in obstetric practice. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, eds. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012:chap 54.", "Jensen JT, Mishell Jr DR. Family planning: contraception, sterilization, and pregnancy termination. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2012:chap 13.", "A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).", "The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions." ] }, "parsed_md": "Abortion - medical: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Encyclopedia →\n\nAbortion - medical\n\nURL of this page: //www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007382.htm\n\n# Abortion - medical\n\nMedical abortion is the use of medicine to end an undesired pregnancy. The\nmedicine helps remove the fetus and placenta from the mother's womb (uterus).\n\nThere are different types of medical abortions:\n\n * Therapeutic medical abortion is done because the woman has a health condition.\n * Elective abortion is done because a woman chooses (elects) to end the pregnancy.\n\nAn abortion is not the same as a miscarriage. Miscarriage is when a pregnancy\nends on its own before the 20th week of pregnancy.\n\nSurgical abortion uses surgery to end a pregnancy.\n\n## Description\n\nA medical, or nonsurgical, abortion can be done within 7 weeks from the first\nday of the woman's last period. A combination of prescription hormone\nmedicines are used to help the body remove the fetus and placenta tissue. Your\nhealth care provider may give you the medicines after performing a physical\nexam and asking questions about your medical history.\n\nMedicines used include mifepristone, methotrexate, misoprostol,\nprostaglandins, or a combination of these medicines. Your provider will\nprescribe the medicine, and you will take it at home.\n\nAfter you take the medicine, your body will expel the pregnancy tissue. Most\nwomen have moderate to heavy bleeding and cramping for several hours. Your\nprovider may prescribe medicine for pain and possible nausea to make you more\ncomfortable during this process.\n\n## Why the Procedure is Performed\n\nMedical abortion might be considered when:\n\n * The woman may not wish to be pregnant (elective abortion).\n * The developing baby has a birth defect or genetic problem.\n * The pregnancy is harmful to the woman's health (therapeutic abortion).\n * The pregnancy resulted after a traumatic event such as rape or incest.\n\n## Risks\n\nRisks of medical abortion include:\n\n * Continued bleeding\n * Diarrhea\n * Pregnancy tissue not passing completely from body, making surgery necessary\n * Infection\n * Nausea\n * Pain\n * Vomiting\n\n## Before the Procedure\n\nThe decision to end a pregnancy is very personal. To help weigh your choices,\ndiscuss your feelings with a counselor, health care provider, or a family\nmember or friend.\n\nTests done before this procedure:\n\n * Pelvic examination is done to confirm the pregnancy and estimate how many weeks pregnant you are.\n * An HCG blood test may be done to confirm the pregnancy.\n * A blood test is done to check your blood type. Based on the test result, you may need a special shot to prevent problems if you get pregnant in the future. The shot is called Rho(D) Immune Globulin (RhoGAM and other brands).\n * Vaginal or abdominal ultrasound may be done to determine the exact age of the fetus and its location in the womb.\n\n## After the Procedure\n\nFollow-up with your health care provider is essential to ensure the process\nwas completed and all the tissue was expelled. The medicine may not work in a\nvery small number of women. If this happens, another dose of the medicine or a\nsurgical abortion procedure may need to be done to complete the process.\n\nPhysical recovery usually occurs within a few days, depending on the stage of\nthe pregnancy. Expect some vaginal bleeding and mild cramping for a few days.\n\nA warm bath, a heating pad set on low, or a hot water bottle filled with warm\nwater placed on the abdomen may help relieve discomfort. Rest as needed. Do\nnot do any vigorous activity for a few days. Light housework is fine. Avoid\nsexual intercourse for 2 to 3 weeks. A normal menstrual period should occur in\nabout 4 to 6 weeks.\n\nYou can get pregnant before your next period. Be sure to make arrangements to\nprevent pregnancy, especially during the first month after the abortion.\n\n## Outlook (Prognosis)\n\nMedical and surgical abortions are safe and effective. They rarely have\nserious complications. It is rare for a medical abortion to affect a woman's\nfertility or her ability to bear children in the future.\n\n## Alternative Names\n\nTherapeutic medical abortion; Elective medical abortion; Induced abortion;\nNonsurgical abortion\n\n## References\n\nAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Clinical management\nguidelines of obstetrician-gynecologists. Medical management of first-\ntrimester abortion. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;123:676-92. Practice Bulletin No.\n143.\n\nAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Clinical management\nguidelines of obstetrician-gynecologists. Medical management of abortion.\nObstet Gynecol. 2005 Oct;106(4):871-82. Reaffirmed 2009.\n\nAnnas GJ, Elias S. Legal and ethical issues in obstetric practice. In: Gabbe\nSG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, eds. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies.\n6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012:chap 54.\n\nJensen JT, Mishell Jr DR. Family planning: contraception, sterilization, and\npregnancy termination. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, eds.\nComprehensive Gynecology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2012:chap\n13.\n\nSimpson JL, Jauniaux ERM. Pregnancy loss. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL,\neds. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA:\nElsevier Saunders; 2012:chap 26.\n\n## Update Date 11/16/2014\n\nUpdated by: Cynthia D. White, MD, Fellow American College of Obstetricians and\nGynecologists, Group Health Cooperative, Bellevue, WA. Also reviewed by David\nZieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.\n\n## Related MedlinePlus Health Topics\n\n * Abortion\n\nBrowse the Encyclopedia\n\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation\nHealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an\nindependent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of\nquality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this\nimportant distinction for online health information and services. Learn more\nabout A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy.\nA.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the\nprinciples of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\n\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Get email updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n\n * Disclaimers\n * Copyright\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility\n * Quality Guidelines\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated: 07 June 2016\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/baby/folic-acid-and-pregnancy", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210912160144/https://www.webmd.com/baby/folic-acid-and-pregnancy", "parsed_text": { "title": "Folic Acid Benefits in Pregnancy", "passages": [ "Folic acid is a pregnancy superhero! Taking a prenatal vitamin with the recommended 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid before and during pregnancy can help prevent birth defects of your baby's brain and spinal cord. Take it every day and go ahead and have a bowl of fortified cereal, too.", "Folic acid is a man-made form of a B vitamin called folate. Folate plays an important role in the production of red blood cells and helps your baby's neural tube develop into their brain and spinal cord. The best food sources of folic acid are fortified cereals. Folate is found naturally in dark green vegetables and citrus fruits.", "Birth defects occur within the first 3-4 weeks of pregnancy. So it's important to have folate in your system during those early stages when your baby's brain and spinal cord are developing.", "If you talked to your doctor when you were trying to conceive, they probably told you to start taking a prenatal vitamin with folic acid. One study showed that women who took folic acid for at least a year before getting pregnant cut their chances of delivering early by 50% or more.", "The CDC recommends that you start taking folic acid every day for at least a month before you become pregnant, and every day while you are pregnant. However, the CDC also recommends that all women of childbearing age take folic acid every day. So you'd be fine to start taking it even earlier.", "If you picked out your own prenatal vitamin, take it to your OB once you're pregnant to make sure it has the recommended amounts of everything you need, including folic acid. All prenatal vitamins are not the same and some may have less or more of the vitamins and minerals you need.", "The recommended dose for all women of childbearing age is 400 mcg of folate each day. If you take a multivitamin every day, check to see if it has the recommended amount. If for some reason you don't want to take a multivitamin, you can take folic acid supplements.", "Without enough folic acid in your body, your baby's neural tube may not close correctly and they could develop health problems called neural tube defects. These include:", "Babies with anencephaly usually do not live long, and those with spina bifida may be permanently disabled. These are scary problems, to say the least. But the good news is that getting enough folic acid may protect your baby from neural tube defects by at least 50%. According to the CDC, if you've already had a baby with a neural tube defect, getting enough folic acid may reduce your risk of having another child with a neural tube defect by as much as 70%. If you have had a previous child with a neural tube defect, tit is recommended that you increase your daily amount of folic acid to 4000 mcg (same as 4 mg) each day. Check with your doctor about how much you should take.", "Pregnancy complications (One report found that women who took folic acid supplements during the second trimester had a reduced risk of preeclampsia.)", "By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy Policy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time." ] }, "parsed_md": "Folic Acid Benefits in Pregnancy\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Pregnancy\n\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * Find an Ob-Gyn\n\n### Guides\n\n * Getting Pregnant\n * First Trimester\n * Second Trimester\n * Third Trimester\n * Labor and Delivery\n * Pregnancy Complications\n * All Guide Topics\n\n### Related Topics\n\n * Gestational Diabetes\n * Labor and Delivery\n * Multiples and Twins\n * Newborns\n * Ovulation Calculator\n * Pregnancy Calendar\n * Pre-Pregnancy\n * Pregnancy Visual Timeline\n * Pregnancy Milestones\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Pregnancy\n\n * Reference\n\n# Folic Acid and Pregnancy\n\n### In this Article\n\n#### In this Article\n\n#### In this Article\n\n * What Is Folic Acid?\n * When Should I Start Taking Folic Acid?\n * How Much Folic Acid Should I Take?\n * What Are the Benefits of Folic Acid?\n * Good Food Sources of Folic Acid\n\nFolic acid is a pregnancy superhero! Taking a prenatal vitamin with the\nrecommended 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid before and during pregnancy can\nhelp prevent birth defects of your baby's brain and spinal cord. Take it every\nday and go ahead and have a bowl of fortified cereal, too.\n\n## What Is Folic Acid?\n\nFolic acid is a man-made form of a B vitamin called folate. Folate plays an\nimportant role in the production of red blood cells and helps your baby's\nneural tube develop into their brain and spinal cord. The best food sources of\nfolic acid are fortified cereals. Folate is found naturally in dark green\nvegetables and citrus fruits.\n\n## When Should I Start Taking Folic Acid?\n\nBirth defects occur within the first 3-4 weeks of pregnancy. So it's important\nto have folate in your system during those early stages when your baby's brain\nand spinal cord are developing.\n\nIf you talked to your doctor when you were trying to conceive, they probably\ntold you to start taking a prenatal vitamin with folic acid. One study showed\nthat women who took folic acid for at least a year before getting pregnant cut\ntheir chances of delivering early by 50% or more.\n\nThe CDC recommends that you start taking folic acid every day for at least a\nmonth before you become pregnant, and every day while you are pregnant.\nHowever, the CDC also recommends that all women of childbearing age take folic\nacid every day. So you'd be fine to start taking it even earlier.\n\nIf you picked out your own prenatal vitamin, take it to your OB once you're\npregnant to make sure it has the recommended amounts of everything you need,\nincluding folic acid. All prenatal vitamins are not the same and some may have\nless or more of the vitamins and minerals you need.\n\n## How Much Folic Acid Should I Take?\n\nThe recommended dose for all women of childbearing age is 400 mcg of folate\neach day. If you take a multivitamin every day, check to see if it has the\nrecommended amount. If for some reason you don't want to take a multivitamin,\nyou can take folic acid supplements.\n\nHere's how much folic acid is recommended each day in terms of pregnancy:\n\n * While you're trying to conceive: 400 mcg\n * For the first three months of pregnancy: 400 mcg\n * For months four to nine of pregnancy: 600 mcg\n * While breastfeeding: 500 mcg\n\n#### Continued\n\n## What Are the Benefits of Folic Acid?\n\nWithout enough folic acid in your body, your baby's neural tube may not close\ncorrectly and they could develop health problems called neural tube defects.\nThese include:\n\n * Spina bifida: incomplete development of the spinal cord or the vertebrae\n * Anencephaly: incomplete development of major parts of the brain\n\nBabies with anencephaly usually do not live long, and those with spina bifida\nmay be permanently disabled. These are scary problems, to say the least. But\nthe good news is that getting enough folic acid may protect your baby from\nneural tube defects by at least 50%. According to the CDC, if you've already\nhad a baby with a neural tube defect, getting enough folic acid may reduce\nyour risk of having another child with a neural tube defect by as much as 70%.\nIf you have had a previous child with a neural tube defect, tit is recommended\nthat you increase your daily amount of folic acid to 4000 mcg (same as 4 mg)\neach day. Check with your doctor about how much you should take.\n\nWhen taken before and during pregnancy, folic acid may also protect your baby\nagainst:\n\n * Cleft lip and palate\n * Premature birth\n * Low birth weight\n * Miscarriage\n * Poor growth in the womb\n\nFolic acid has also been suggested to reduce your risk of:\n\n * Pregnancy complications (One report found that women who took folic acid supplements during the second trimester had a reduced risk of preeclampsia.)\n * Heart disease\n * Stroke\n * Some types of cancers\n * Alzheimer’s disease\n\n## Good Food Sources of Folic Acid\n\nFoods that can help you get more folic acid in your diet include:\n\n * 400 mcg: Breakfast cereals fortified with 100% of the DV, 3/4 cup\n * 215 mcg: Beef liver, cooked, braised, 3 oz\n * 179 mcg: Lentils, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, 1/2 cup\n * 115 mcg: Spinach, frozen, cooked, boiled, 1/2 cup\n * 110 mcg: Egg noodles, enriched, cooked, 1/2 cup\n * 100 mcg: Breakfast cereals, fortified with 25% of the DV, 3/4 cup\n * 90 mcg: Great Northern beans, boiled, 1/2 cup\n\nWebMD Medical Reference Reviewed by Traci C. Johnson, MD on June 12, 2020\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES:\n\nCDC: \"Frequently Asked Questions.\"\n\nNational Women's Health Information Center: \"Folic acid.\"\n\nMarch of Dimes: \"Folic acid.\"\n\nGreen, N. The Journal of Nutrition, 2002.\n\nScholl, T. and Johnson, W. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2000.\n\nMarch of Dimes: \"Huge drop in preterm birth-risk among women taking folic acid\none year before conception.\"\n\nWilcox, A. BMJ, 2007.\n\nWen, S. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2008.\n\nMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2007.\n\nCole, B. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2007.\n\nHaggarty, P. Lancet, 2006.\n\nNIH Fact Sheet for Professionals.\n\n© 2020 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Am I in Labor?\n * Implantation Bleeding\n * Guide to Prenatal Tests\n * When Pregnancy Is a Surprise\n * Abdominal Separation\n * Pregnant With Allergies? Top Treatment Tips\n\n### further reading\n\n * Slideshow: Fertility & Ovulation: Facts to Help You Get Pregnant\n * Foods to Avoid in Pregnancy\n * How to Boost Your Pregnancy Chances\n * Pregnancy Food Facts: What's Safe to Eat?\n * What Are the Signs of Vitamin B12 Deficiency?\n * Infertility Tests Every Aspect of a Couple's Life\n * Eating (Well) for Two\n * Spina Bifida Topics\n\n### Today on Grow\n\n#### Your Pre-Pregnancy Checklist: Ready for Baby?\n\n#### Ovulation Calculator: Track Your Most Fertile Days\n\n#### Am I in Labor? Signs to Watch Out For\n\n#### Inducing Labor: Are There Ways to Do It Naturally?\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSLIDESHOW\n\n#### See How Your Baby Grows Each Month\n\nARTICLE\n\n#### Why Your Favorite Foods Gross You Out\n\nSLIDESHOW\n\n#### What You Should Know About Multiple Births\n\nSLIDESHOW\n\n#### Your Guide to a Beautiful Pregnancy\n\nARTICLE\n\n#### 7 Embarrassing Pregnancy Symptoms\n\nQUIZ\n\n#### Early Signs of Pregnancy\n\nTOOL\n\n#### Due Date Calculator\n\nSLIDESHOW\n\n#### 12 Easy, Yummy Snacks for Pregnant Women\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Can You Eat Peanuts?\n * What to Expect During Labor\n * Should I Eat My Placenta?\n * What Is Implantation Bleeding?\n * Flu Shots and Pregnancy\n * Ovulation Tool: Find Your Most Fertile Days\n\n## Get Pregnancy & Parenting Tips In Your Inbox\n\n### Doctor-approved information to keep you and your family healthy and happy.\n\nBy clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy\nPolicy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect?\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Benefits of CBD\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Health Benefits of Hemp Seed Oil\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * 5 Health Benefits of Hemp\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/abortion/the-abortion-pill", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506073443/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/abortion/the-abortion-pill", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Abortion Pill", "passages": [ "Planned Parenthood has a partner website about sexual health topics specifically for Nigeria. Would you like to go to the Nigeria website?", "Medication abortion — also called the abortion pill — is a safe and effective way to end an early pregnancy.", "First, you take a pill called mifepristone. Pregnancy needs a hormone called progesterone to grow normally. Mifepristone blocks your body’s own progesterone, stopping the pregnancy from growing.", "Then you take the second medicine, misoprostol, either right away or up to 48 hours later. This medicine causes cramping and bleeding to empty your uterus. It’s kind of like having a really heavy, crampy period, and the process is very similar to an early miscarriage. If you don’t have any bleeding within 24 hours after taking the second medicine, call your nurse or doctor.", "Your doctor or nurse will give you both medicines at the health center. When and where you’ll take them depends on state laws and your health center's policies. Your doctor or nurse will give you detailed directions about where, when, and how to take the medicines. You may also get some antibiotics to prevent infection.", "The abortion pill is very effective. The effectiveness depends on how far along you are in your pregnancy when you take the medicine.", "For people who are 9-10 weeks pregnant, it works about 91-93 out of 100 times. If you're given an extra dose of medicine, it works about 99 out of 100 times.", "For people who are 10-11 weeks pregnant, it works about 87 out of 100 times. If you're given an extra dose of medicine, it works about 98 out of 100 times.", "The abortion pill usually works, but if it doesn’t, you can take more medicine or have an in-clinic abortion to complete the abortion.", "Depending on where you live, you may be able to get a medication abortion up to 77 days (11 weeks) after the first day of your last period. If it has been 78 days or more since the first day of your last period, you can have an in- clinic abortion to end your pregnancy.", "Which kind of abortion you choose all depends on your personal preference and situation. With medication abortion, some people like that you don’t need to have a procedure in a doctor’s office. You can have your medication abortion at home or in another comfortable place that you choose. You get to decide who you want to be with during your abortion, or you can go it alone. Because medication abortion is similar to a miscarriage, many people feel like it’s more “natural” and less invasive.", "Here’s the deal: The “abortion pill” is the popular name for a safe and effective way to end an early pregnancy using a combination of two medicines: mifepristone and misoprostol. The first medicine (mifepristone) is given at a health center or your health care provider’s office. After taking mifepristone, you take a second medication (misoprostol) at home 6-48 hours later. This causes cramping and bleeding and empties your uterus.", "Claims about treatments that reverse the effects of medication abortion are out there, and a handful of states require doctors and nurses to tell their patients about them before they can provide abortion care. But these claims haven’t been proven in reliable medical studies — nor have they been tested for safety, effectiveness, or the likelihood of side effects — so experts like the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists reject these untested supposed treatments.", "Studies on the abortion pill do show that if you take the first medicine but not the second, the abortion pill is less likely to work. So if you’ve begun the process of having an abortion using the abortion pill but are having second thoughts, contact the doctor or nurse you saw for the abortion right away to talk about your best next steps and what to expect.", "RU-486 is the former name of mifepristone — one of the medications that you take to have a medication abortion. RU-486 is now called \"the abortion pill\" or \"Mifeprex\" (the brand name for mifepristone).", "RU-486 was developed in the 1980s. It's been safely used in Europe since 1987, and in the US since 2000.", "RU-486 blocks a hormone that your body needs to continue a pregnancy. It works best when you use it with another medication called misoprostol, which causes bleeding to empty your uterus.", "Planned Parenthood delivers vital reproductive health care, sex education, and information to millions of people worldwide. Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. is a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit under EIN 13-1644147. Donations are tax-deductible to the fullest extent allowable under the law." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Abortion Pill | Get the Facts About Medication Abortion\n\nGo to Content Go to Navigation Go to Navigation Go to Site Search Homepage\n\nPlanned Parenthood has a partner website about sexual health topics\nspecifically for Nigeria. Would you like to go to the Nigeria website?\n\nVisit the Nigeria Site (DASUBJECTMATTER.ORG) STAY ON THE PLANNED PARENTHOOD\nSITE\n\nEspañol Donate\n\n# The Abortion Pill\n\nIn This Section\n\n * The Abortion Pill\n * How does the abortion pill work?\n * What can I expect after I take the abortion pill?\n\n * How safe is the abortion pill?\n * How do I get the abortion pill?\n\n## What is the abortion pill?\n\nMedication abortion — also called the abortion pill — is a safe and effective\nway to end an early pregnancy.\n\n## How does the abortion pill work?\n\n“Abortion pill” is the common name for using two different medicines to end a\npregnancy: mifepristone and misoprostol.\n\nFirst, you take a pill called mifepristone. Pregnancy needs a hormone called\nprogesterone to grow normally. Mifepristone blocks your body’s own\nprogesterone, stopping the pregnancy from growing.\n\nThen you take the second medicine, misoprostol, either right away or up to 48\nhours later. This medicine causes cramping and bleeding to empty your uterus.\nIt’s kind of like having a really heavy, crampy period, and the process is\nvery similar to an early miscarriage. If you don’t have any bleeding within 24\nhours after taking the second medicine, call your nurse or doctor.\n\nYour doctor or nurse will give you both medicines at the health center. When\nand where you’ll take them depends on state laws and your health center's\npolicies. Your doctor or nurse will give you detailed directions about where,\nwhen, and how to take the medicines. You may also get some antibiotics to\nprevent infection.\n\n## How effective is the abortion pill?\n\nThe abortion pill is very effective. The effectiveness depends on how far\nalong you are in your pregnancy when you take the medicine.\n\n * For people who are 8 weeks pregnant or less, it works about 94-98 out of 100 times.\n * For people who are 8-9 weeks pregnant, it works about 94-96 out of 100 times.\n * For people who are 9-10 weeks pregnant, it works about 91-93 out of 100 times. If you're given an extra dose of medicine, it works about 99 out of 100 times.\n * For people who are 10-11 weeks pregnant, it works about 87 out of 100 times. If you're given an extra dose of medicine, it works about 98 out of 100 times.\n\nThe abortion pill usually works, but if it doesn’t, you can take more medicine\nor have an in-clinic abortion to complete the abortion.\n\n## When can I take the abortion pill?\n\nDepending on where you live, you may be able to get a medication abortion up\nto 77 days (11 weeks) after the first day of your last period. If it has been\n78 days or more since the first day of your last period, you can have an in-\nclinic abortion to end your pregnancy.\n\n## Why do people choose the abortion pill?\n\nWhich kind of abortion you choose all depends on your personal preference and\nsituation. With medication abortion, some people like that you don’t need to\nhave a procedure in a doctor’s office. You can have your medication abortion\nat home or in another comfortable place that you choose. You get to decide who\nyou want to be with during your abortion, or you can go it alone. Because\nmedication abortion is similar to a miscarriage, many people feel like it’s\nmore “natural” and less invasive.\n\nYour doctor, nurse, or health center staff can help you decide which kind of\nabortion is best for you.\n\n## More questions from patients:\n\nCan the abortion pill be reversed after you have taken it?\n\nHere’s the deal: The “abortion pill” is the popular name for a safe and\neffective way to end an early pregnancy using a combination of two medicines:\nmifepristone and misoprostol. The first medicine (mifepristone) is given at a\nhealth center or your health care provider’s office. After taking\nmifepristone, you take a second medication (misoprostol) at home 6-48 hours\nlater. This causes cramping and bleeding and empties your uterus.\n\nClaims about treatments that reverse the effects of medication abortion are\nout there, and a handful of states require doctors and nurses to tell their\npatients about them before they can provide abortion care. But these claims\nhaven’t been proven in reliable medical studies — nor have they been tested\nfor safety, effectiveness, or the likelihood of side effects — so experts like\nthe American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists reject these untested\nsupposed treatments.\n\nStudies on the abortion pill do show that if you take the first medicine but\nnot the second, the abortion pill is less likely to work. So if you’ve begun\nthe process of having an abortion using the abortion pill but are having\nsecond thoughts, contact the doctor or nurse you saw for the abortion right\naway to talk about your best next steps and what to expect.\n\nWhat is the RU-486 abortion pill?\n\nRU-486 is the former name of mifepristone — one of the medications that you\ntake to have a medication abortion. RU-486 is now called \"the abortion pill\"\nor \"Mifeprex\" (the brand name for mifepristone).\n\nRU-486 was developed in the 1980s. It's been safely used in Europe since 1987,\nand in the US since 2000.\n\nRU-486 blocks a hormone that your body needs to continue a pregnancy. It works\nbest when you use it with another medication called misoprostol, which causes\nbleeding to empty your uterus.\n\nThe RU-486 abortion pill is a safe and effective way to end an early\npregnancy.\n\n### Book an Appointment\n\nOr call 1-800-230-7526\n\n### Abortion Clinics Near You\n\nView Planned Parenthood health centers that provide abortion care and get the\ninformation you need to schedule an appointment.\n\nYour information is private and anonymous.\n\nFind Abortion Services\n\n### Need Help? Chat Now.\n\nChat online to get answers about pregnancy, birth control, emergency\ncontraception, STDs, and abortion.\n\nChat Now\n\n### Psst! I'm Roo.\n\nHave questions? Our convo is private.\n\nCHAT NOW\n\n### Psst! I'm Roo.\n\nHave questions? Our convo is private.\n\nCHAT NOW\n\n### Psst! I'm Roo.\n\nHave questions? Our convo is private.\n\nCHAT NOW\n\n## Book an Appointment\n\nOr call 1-800-230-7526\n\nPlanned Parenthood delivers vital reproductive health care, sex education, and\ninformation to millions of people worldwide. Planned Parenthood Federation of\nAmerica, Inc. is a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit under EIN 13-1644147.\nDonations are tax-deductible to the fullest extent allowable under the law.\n\nCall Planned Parenthood Donate\n\n© 2021 Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/expert-answers/abortion/faq-20058551", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501234645/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/expert-answers/abortion/faq-20058551", "parsed_text": { "title": "Elective abortion: Does it affect subsequent pregnancies?", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Elective abortion: Does it affect subsequent pregnancies? - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/pregnancy/crisis-pregnancy-centers", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170509000020/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/pregnancy/crisis-pregnancy-centers", "parsed_text": { "title": "Crisis Pregnancy Centers", "passages": [ "Deciding what to do about an unplanned pregnancy can be very complicated. It may be made even more so by so-called \"crisis pregnancy centers.\" These are fake clinics run by people who are anti-abortion. They have a history of giving women wrong, biased information to scare them into not having abortions.", "may tell you that you are not pregnant even if you are. This may fool you into continuing your pregnancy without knowing it. If your decision is delayed, it could make abortion more risky. It could also keep you from getting early prenatal care.", "Crisis pregnancy centers often pretend to be real health care providers —but many are not. These fake clinics often trick women with false advertising. They may make women think they will be offered unbiased information and a full range of health services.", "Crisis pregnancy centers also sometimes try to trick women by using names that are similar to the names of real reproductive health centers in the neighborhood. Many times, the crisis pregnancy centers are located very close to real reproductive health centers. This makes it easy for women to go to the crisis pregnancy center by mistake.", "Ask friends, other health care providers, counselors, or other people you trust for the name of a real health center.", "No health care provider should pressure you into a decision about your pregnancy. All real family planning clinics will give you information about all your options.", "Staff at your local Planned Parenthood health center can help. They can give you information on all of your options — abortion, adoption, and parenting. And they can talk through your options with you so that you can make the decision that is best for you." ] }, "parsed_md": "Crisis Pregnancy Centers | How to Avoid These Fake Clinics\n\nX\n\n * Learn\n * Get Care\n * Get Involved\n * About Us\n\n * #### Just For You\n\n * Info for Teens\n * Tools for Parents\n * Tools for Educators\n\n * #### Get the Facts\n\n * Abortion\n * Birth Control\n * Morning-After Pill (Emergency Contraception)\n * STDs\n * Women's Health\n\n * Newsroom\n * Contact Us\n * Jobs & Volunteering\n * Store\n * Sitemap\n\n#### Planned Parenthood\n\n * Follow\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Twitter\n * @PPFA: Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * @PPAct: Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Like Planned Parenthood on Facebook\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Youtube\n * Planned Parenthood^©\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Google+\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood on Instagram\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n * Close\n * * Follow Planned Parenthood\n * Ask The Experts\n * Women Are Watching\n * Close\n\n * Home\n * En Español\n\nTake Action » Donate »\n\n# Crisis Pregnancy Centers\n\nDeciding what to do about an unplanned pregnancy can be very complicated. It\nmay be made even more so by so-called \"crisis pregnancy centers.\" These are\nfake clinics run by people who are anti-abortion. They have a history of\ngiving women wrong, biased information to scare them into not having\nabortions.\n\nThese centers\n\n * may not give you complete and correct information about all your options — abortion, adoption, and parenting\n * may try to frighten you with misleading films and pictures to keep you from choosing abortion\n * may lie to you about the medical and emotional effects of abortion\n * may tell you that you are not pregnant even if you are. This may fool you into continuing your pregnancy without knowing it. If your decision is delayed, it could make abortion more risky. It could also keep you from getting early prenatal care.\n * may discourage you from using certain methods of birth control that are very safe and effective\n\nCrisis pregnancy centers often pretend to be real health care providers —but\nmany are not. These fake clinics often trick women with false advertising.\nThey may make women think they will be offered unbiased information and a full\nrange of health services.\n\nCrisis pregnancy centers also sometimes try to trick women by using names that\nare similar to the names of real reproductive health centers in the\nneighborhood. Many times, the crisis pregnancy centers are located very close\nto real reproductive health centers. This makes it easy for women to go to the\ncrisis pregnancy center by mistake.\n\n## How do you avoid a crisis pregnancy center?\n\n * Don't schedule an appointment unless you are sure it's a legitimate place.\n * Ask friends, other health care providers, counselors, or other people you trust for the name of a real health center.\n * If you are considering abortion, you can find a list of abortion providers on the National Abortion Federation website.\n\nNo health care provider should pressure you into a decision about your\npregnancy. All real family planning clinics will give you information about\nall your options.\n\nStaff at your local Planned Parenthood health center can help. They can give\nyou information on all of your options — abortion, adoption, and parenting.\nAnd they can talk through your options with you so that you can make the\ndecision that is best for you.\n\n### Find a health center & book an appointment\n\nSearch now\n\n© 2017 Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc. 1-800-230-PLAN\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\nTerms of Use\n\nCall Planned Parenthood Donate Today\n\n * Like Planned Parenthood on Facebook\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Twitter\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Youtube\n * Planned Parenthood^©\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Google+\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood on Instagram\n * Planned Parenthood^© Health\n * Planned Parenthood^© Action\n\n * Follow Planned Parenthood\n * Ask The Experts\n * Women Are Watching\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * En Español\n\n© 2014 Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc.\n\nCrisis Pregnancy Centers\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.whattoexpect.com/wom/pregnancy/how-late-can-you-get-an-abortion-in-the-united-states.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511045953/https://www.whattoexpect.com/wom/pregnancy/how-late-can-you-get-an-abortion-in-the-united-states.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Late Can You Get an Abortion in the United States?", "passages": [ "The choice to terminate a pregnancy is a personal one, but the big question many women ask is \"How late can you get an abortion?\" In the U.S., states are currently not allowed to prohibit abortions that are necessary to preserve the life and health (both physical and mental) of the mother, regardless of stage of pregnancy.", "Forty-three states currently have laws prohibiting later term abortions, but many of these restrictions have been struck down by the courts, either because they don't contain any health provisions for the mother (or those they do contain aren't sufficient) or they don't allow a doctor to make the call on whether terminating the pregnancy is medically necessary.", "In 19 states, the restrictions are based on the \"viability\" of the fetus, or its ability to live outside the womb (typically between 22 and 24 weeks of gestation). Twenty-two states impose prohibitions after a certain number of weeks (15 of them putting that limit at 22 weeks of pregnancy). Pregnancy is considered \"term\" between week 37 and week 42 of pregnancy and \"full-term\" from week 39 on.", "If a woman is considering an abortion, she'll first need to determine how far along she is in the pregnancy through testing and ultrasounds done at her practitioner's office. Once she knows how many weeks pregnant she is, she'll need to check her own state's laws to see whether there might be any restrictions on abortion -- and if so what those limitations are.", "Heather Johnson is a librarian, a writer, a wife, and a first-time mother of a little girl. She has BA in English studies with a minor in creative writing, an MS in library and information science, and an MS in English with an emphasis in linguistics. Her writing passions include breastfeeding, natural childbirth, homebirth, vaccination, and cloth diapers, and her hobbies include cooking and gardening. She has previously written for What to Expect and currently writes for The Parenting Patch: Where Parents Grow.", "This story is meant to reflect individual contributors' experiences and does not necessarily reflect What to Expect's point of view. This content is not intended to be used as medical advice, for diagnosis, or treatment.", "The educational health content on What To Expect is reviewed by our medical review board and team of experts to be up-to-date and in line with the latest evidence-based medical information and accepted health guidelines, including the medically reviewed What to Expect books by Heidi Murkoff. This educational content is not medical or diagnostic advice. Use of this site is subject to our terms of use and privacy policy. © 2021 Everyday Health, Inc" ] }, "parsed_md": "How Late Can You Get an Abortion in the United States?\n\n * Log In / Join\n\n * Getting Pregnant\n\n * Fertility\n * Ovulation\n * Preparing for Pregnancy\n\n * Pregnancy\n\n * Week By Week\n * Symptoms\n * Baby Names\n * Baby Shower\n * Complications\n * Due Date Calculator\n * Labor & Delivery\n * Screenings & Tests\n * Signs of Labor\n\n * First Year\n\n * Month By Month\n * Milestones\n * Breastfeeding\n * Childproofing\n * Newborn\n * Postpartum Health\n * Sleep\n * Vaccinations\n\n * Toddler\n\n * Month By Month\n * Milestones\n * Child Care\n * Feeding\n * Growth\n * Potty Training\n * Sleep\n * Vaccinations\n\n * Family\n\n * Finances\n * Celebrity Parents\n * Kids' Health\n * Relationships\n\n * Baby Products\n\n * Strollers\n * Maternity\n * Car Seats\n * Monitors\n * Baby Carrier\n * Baby Furniture\n * Nursing & Feeding\n\n * Registry\n\n * Community\n\n * Featured & Popular\n * Birth Month Groups\n * Getting Pregnant\n * Pregnancy\n * First Year\n * Family\n * Health\n * Stages\n * International\n * US Local\n * All Groups A-Z\n * My Groups & Activity\n\n * News\n\nPregnancy > Your Health\n\n# How Late Can You Get an Abortion in the United States?\n\nby Heather Johnson\n\nUpdated: December 19, 2016\n\nStocksy\n\nThe choice to terminate a pregnancy is a personal one, but the big question\nmany women ask is \"How late can you get an abortion?\" In the U.S., states are\ncurrently not allowed to prohibit abortions that are necessary to preserve the\nlife and health (both physical and mental) of the mother, regardless of stage\nof pregnancy.\n\nForty-three states currently have laws prohibiting later term abortions, but\nmany of these restrictions have been struck down by the courts, either because\nthey don't contain any health provisions for the mother (or those they do\ncontain aren't sufficient) or they don't allow a doctor to make the call on\nwhether terminating the pregnancy is medically necessary.\n\nIn 19 states, the restrictions are based on the \"viability\" of the fetus, or\nits ability to live outside the womb (typically between 22 and 24 weeks of\ngestation). Twenty-two states impose prohibitions after a certain number of\nweeks (15 of them putting that limit at 22 weeks of pregnancy). Pregnancy is\nconsidered \"term\" between week 37 and week 42 of pregnancy and \"full-term\"\nfrom week 39 on.\n\nIf a woman is considering an abortion, she'll first need to determine how far\nalong she is in the pregnancy through testing and ultrasounds done at her\npractitioner's office. Once she knows how many weeks pregnant she is, she'll\nneed to check her own state's laws to see whether there might be any\nrestrictions on abortion -- and if so what those limitations are.\n\nWritten by Heather Johnson\n\nHeather Johnson is a librarian, a writer, a wife, and a first-time mother of a\nlittle girl. She has BA in English studies with a minor in creative writing,\nan MS in library and information science, and an MS in English with an\nemphasis in linguistics. Her writing passions include breastfeeding, natural\nchildbirth, homebirth, vaccination, and cloth diapers, and her hobbies include\ncooking and gardening. She has previously written for What to Expect and\ncurrently writes for The Parenting Patch: Where Parents Grow.\n\nThis story is meant to reflect individual contributors' experiences and does\nnot necessarily reflect What to Expect's point of view. This content is not\nintended to be used as medical advice, for diagnosis, or treatment.\n\nRelated Topics\n\nYour Health\n\nPregnancy\n\nPregnancy Groups\n\nFirst Trimester\n\nSecond Trimester\n\n### Jump to Your Week of Pregnancy\n\nWeek\n\n1\n\nWeek\n\n2\n\nWeek\n\n3\n\nWeek\n\n4\n\nWeek\n\n5\n\nWeek\n\n6\n\nWeek\n\n7\n\nWeek\n\n8\n\nWeek\n\n9\n\nWeek\n\n10\n\nWeek\n\n11\n\nWeek\n\n12\n\nWeek\n\n13\n\nWeek\n\n14\n\nWeek\n\n15\n\nWeek\n\n16\n\nWeek\n\n17\n\nWeek\n\n18\n\nWeek\n\n19\n\nWeek\n\n20\n\nWeek\n\n21\n\nWeek\n\n22\n\nWeek\n\n23\n\nWeek\n\n24\n\nWeek\n\n25\n\nWeek\n\n26\n\nWeek\n\n27\n\nWeek\n\n28\n\nWeek\n\n29\n\nWeek\n\n30\n\nWeek\n\n31\n\nWeek\n\n32\n\nWeek\n\n33\n\nWeek\n\n34\n\nWeek\n\n35\n\nWeek\n\n36\n\nWeek\n\n37\n\nWeek\n\n38\n\nWeek\n\n39\n\nWeek\n\n40\n\nWeek\n\n41\n\nWeek\n\n42\n\n## Trending On What to Expect\n\n * ### I Chose to Get the COVID-19 Vaccine at 35 Weeks Pregnant. Here’s Why\n\n * ### Depression During Pregnancy\n\n * ### ⚠️ You can't see this cool content because you have ad block enabled.\n\nPlease whitelist our site to get all the best deals and offers from our\npartners.\n\n * ### Is the COVID-19 Vaccine Safe During Pregnancy?\n\n * ### Having a C-Section (Cesarean Section)\n\n * ### How to Create a Birth Plan\n\nFollow us on\n\nFind advice, support and good company (and some stuff just for fun).\n\n * What to Expect Apps\n * Popular Topics\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Advertise With Us\n * About Heidi Murkoff\n * Accessibility\n\n * What to Expect Project\n * Medical Review Policy\n * What to Expect Bookstore\n * Advertising Policy\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * Help\n * AdChoices\n * Feedback\n\nThe educational health content on What To Expect is reviewed by our medical\nreview board and team of experts to be up-to-date and in line with the latest\nevidence-based medical information and accepted health guidelines, including\nthe medically reviewed What to Expect books by Heidi Murkoff. This educational\ncontent is not medical or diagnostic advice. Use of this site is subject to\nour terms of use and privacy policy. © 2021 Everyday Health, Inc\n\nA property of\n\nThis site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\ninformation.\n\n" } ]
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How To Pack an Overnight Bag for a Stay at Your Boyfriend's House
If you’re going to stay at your boyfriend’s house, you’ll need to pack an overnight bag with all of the essentials you might need. Toiletries such as a toothbrush, hairbrush, deodorant, and feminine products are a must. Other necessary items you might want to pack include pajamas and medications that you take. Once you've packed all of the basic items, add in any extras you might need. These could include different outfits and makeup if you wear it. You might also want to bring along snacks, condoms, and perfume.
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.marieclaire.com/beauty/news/g2751/things-keep-boyfriends-place/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150921061519/http://www.marieclaire.com/beauty/news/g2751/things-keep-boyfriends-place/?slide=1", "parsed_text": { "title": "Things to Keep at Your Boyfriends House", "passages": [ "place for your toothbrush, a drawer to stash your stuff, and the amazing realization that you don't have to keep up that whole #IWokeUpLikeThis song and dance. (Hallelujah!) But what essentials make the cut? Here's your packing list.", "Whether it's a bold lip, winged eyeliner, or smoky eyes, sometimes soap and water just aren't going to cut it.", "Do you even know what he uses on his face?! No, you don't. (And he probably doesn't either.) So don't wing it." ] }, "parsed_md": "Things to Keep at Your Boyfriends House - Beauty Essentials for Boyfriends\nPlace\n\nType to Search\n\nBreaking News!\n\nVote: Who Won the Emmys Red Carpet?\n\nSienna Miller Is Entering a Whole New Phase\n\nMy Maddening Quest to Get My Tubes Tied at Age 20\n\n8 Fall Scents You Need in Your Fragrance Wardrobe\n\n5 Secrets Celebrity Stylists Won't Tell You\n\n# The 10 Things You Should Keep at Your Boyfriend's Place\n\n01 Of 10\n\nSee Photos view gallery\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Pin\n\n * E-mail\n\nSkip Ad\n\nPrevious Gallery\n\nMeet the Badass Women of L'équipée\n\nview gallery\n\n10 Photos\n\n## After you've gone \"official,\" it generally means three things: a permanent\nplace for your toothbrush, a drawer to stash your stuff, and the amazing\nrealization that you don't have to keep up that whole #IWokeUpLikeThis song\nand dance. (Hallelujah!) But what essentials make the cut? Here's your packing\nlist.\n\nMore By Lauren Valenti\n\nview gallery\n\n01 of 10\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Pin\n\nPin\n\n### The Makeup Remover\n\n### The Makeup Remover\n\nWhether it's a bold lip, winged eyeliner, or smoky eyes, sometimes soap and\nwater just aren't going to cut it.\n\nClinique Take the Day off Makeup Remover, $18.50; macys.com.\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Pin\n\nPin\n\n### The Cleanser\n\n### The Cleanser\n\nDo you even know what he uses on his face?! No, you don't. (And he probably\ndoesn't either.) So don't wing it.\n\nBioelements Moisture Positive Cleanser, $37; bioelements.com.\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Pin\n\nNEXT\n\nAll the Crazy Things Women Used to Style Their Hair With\n\n### What do you think?\n\nMore From\n\nBeauty\n\nHair\n\nSep 20, 2015 @ 9:32 PM\n\nShare\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Pin\n\n * E-mail\n\nThe Latest Jaw-Dropping Celebrity Hair Transformations\n\nHair today, gone tomorrow. By Chelsea Peng\n\nBeauty\n\nSep 20, 2015 @ 8:50 PM\n\nShare\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Pin\n\n * E-mail\n\nThe 15 Best Beauty Looks from the 2015 Emmys\n\n💁💁💁 By Samantha Leal\n\nBeauty\n\nSep 18, 2015 @ 7:00 PM\n\nShare\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Pin\n\n * E-mail\n\n8 Fall Scents You Need in Your Fragrance Wardrobe\n\nYour cozy sweaters will thank you. By Lauren Valenti\n\nBeauty\n\nSep 18, 2015 @ 5:01 PM\n\nShare\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Pin\n\n * E-mail\n\n12 Beauty Horror Stories That Will Make You Rethink Everything\n\nIt's all fun and games until someone gets hurt. By Simedar Jackson\n\n * Beauty\n\nMore From Beauty\n\n * Newsletter\n * Digital Editions\n * About Us\n * Media Kit\n * Press Room\n * Contact Us\n * Community Guidelines\n * Advertise Online\n * About Our Ads\n * Customer Service\n * Subscribe\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Give a Gift\n * Events & Promotions\n * Giveaways\n * Being Green\n * Why Did I Get This Ad?\n * Quizzes\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media\n\n©2015 Hearst Communications, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.realsimple.com:80/beauty-fashion/clothing/shopping-guide/packing-light/forthebeach", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161107235834/http://www.realsimple.com:80/beauty-fashion/clothing/shopping-guide/packing-light/forthebeach", "parsed_text": { "title": "Packing Light for a Weekend Trip", "passages": [ "Real Simple is part of the Time Inc. Food Collection and the Time Inc. Lifestyle Network. Copyright © 2016 Time Inc. Lifestyle Group. Real Simple is a registered trademark of Time Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited." ] }, "parsed_md": "For the Beach | Packing Light for a Weekend Trip | Real Simple\n\nMenu\n\n#### Air Travel Tips\n\n * 20 Tips From Air-Travel Insiders\n * How to Pack Your Beauty Products\n * Airplane Etiquette\n\nSee All\n\n# Packing Light for a Weekend Trip\n\n * Save\n\nPhoto by Thayer Allyson Gowdy\n\n2 of 23\n\nSee All\n\n## For the Beach\n\n * White or tan Capris\n * Black top\n * Evening tank top\n * Bathing suit\n * Pareu\n * Black or tan Bermuda shorts\n\nWhich will create these combinations:\n\n * Friday night: black top and Capris\n * Saturday: bathing suit and pareu\n * Saturday night: evening tank top and Capris\n * Sunday brunch: Bermuda shorts and black top, topped with the pareu\n\n * Start\n\n### Real Simple Digital Products\n\n * Checklists App\n\nCreate to-dos from scratch or choose from 100+ custom lists.\n\n * Wedding Checklists App\n\nTake the stress out of planning your special day.\n\n * Weeknight Meal Planner\n\nGet five complete weeknight dinner plans emailed to you each week.\n\n### Daily Finds\n\n### Face Masks That Solve Every Skin Problem\n\n### You May Also Like\n\nfrom Zergnet\n\n#### RealSimple.Com\n\n * Food\n * Home\n * Style\n * Life\n * Holidays\n * Shop Real Simple Products\n * Sitemap\n\n#### Customer Service\n\n * Contact Us\n * Customer Service\n * Media Kit\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Ad Choices\n\n#### Subscribe\n\n * Subscribe to Real Simple\n * Give a Gift\n * Real Simple Rewards\n * Back Issues\n * Real Simple Digital Products\n * Email Newsletters\n * Time Inc. Careers\n\nReal Simple is part of the Time Inc. Food Collection and the Time Inc.\nLifestyle Network. Copyright © 2016 Time Inc. Lifestyle Group. Real Simple is\na registered trademark of Time Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole\nor in part without permission is prohibited.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.astroglide.com:80/blog/how-to-pack-the-ultimate-overnight-bag/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170129095315/http://www.astroglide.com:80/blog/how-to-pack-the-ultimate-overnight-bag/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Pack the Ultimate Overnight Bag", "passages": [ "When you were a kid, sleepovers were simple. You threw your pjs into your backpack, grabbed your coolest Disney sleeping bag and bam -- you were ready to party. But grownups sleepovers are another animal altogether. While you may begin the night with your favorite movie and some pizza, you’ll (hopefully) end it with a mind-blowing orgasm.", "If you’re a gal who’s planning on sleeping over at a guy’s house, ditch the sleeping bag, grab the sex lube and prepare the ultimate overnight bag by packing it with these essentials:", "A Variety of Condoms. You can’t always count on a guy to supply condoms, even if you’re crashing at his pad. Bring at least three (in case you feel extra frisky or one malfunctions) and if possible, select a variety of types -- every guy has a brand or style he prefers.", "Condom-Safe Sex Lube. You never know when you might need some help with lubrication. Choose a personal lubricant that’s condom-friendly like Astroglide Liquid or Astroglide Diamond Silicone Gel (an especially great choice if there’s a chance you’ll be getting busy in the shower or hot tub).", "Shower Wipes. These pre-moistened towelettes can help you feel fresh before and after sex, and are a great stand-in when a full shower just isn’t an option.", "Scented Lotion. Keep skin touchably soft and smooth without piling on fragrance by using a lightly scented lotion. Just be sure not to slather it on when you disappear to powder your nose. There’s a fine line between supple and slippery.", "Black Ballet Flats. No one wants to jog to the bus stop in last night’s five- inch heels. A sleek pair of ballet flats are the perfect solution.", "Yoga Pants. What if he slips into sweats and leaves you standing there in your mini dress? Time to break out the yoga pants -- they’re notoriously flattering but casual at the same time.", "Hangover Helper. After a night of drunken debauchery, feel like yourself again with some Ibuprofen, chewable Pepto Bismol tablets and a packet of Emergen-C. It’s a hangover-vanquishing trifecta.", "Hair Essentials. Pack a hair tie, brush and go-to styling product to tame your tresses after a roll in the hay.", "Toothbrush and Mints. There are few things less sexy than super stinky breath. Bring your own toothbrush and a pack of mints or mint gum to ward of morning breath and stay kissably fresh.", "Keep in mind that you may want to be a bit coy when choosing your overnight bag. Select a large hobo bag or tote instead of a duffle bag. Most guys will be more than a little freaked out if you show up for your third date looking like you’re prepared to spend a month trekking through the Rockies. It’s also a good idea to use a makeup bag inside your tote to organize smaller items like sex lube and condoms.", "We’d love to add you to our little black book. Sign up to receive sexy tips, special promotions and the latest news from Astroglide." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Pack the Ultimate Overnight Bag | Astroglide\n\nGET YOUR SAMPLE\n\n * Products\n\n * Lube Advisor\n * Astroglide Spark\n * Astroglide Liquid\n * Astroglide Gel\n * Astroglide X Silicone Liquid\n * Astroglide Diamond Silicone Gel\n * Astroglide Sensitive Skin Gel\n * Astroglide Natural Liquid\n * Astroglide Warming Liquid\n * Astroglide Strawberry Liquid\n * Astroglide TTC\n * Lube Ed\n\n * Lube Ed\n * Expert Advice\n * FAQs\n * Healthcare Pros\n * News & Blog\n\n * Secondary Infertility: What It Is, And 3 Tips for Overcoming It\n * How to Get Pregnant If You Have PCOS\n * Signs You've Started Menopause\n * How To Love Being Single\n * The OkCupid Worst-Case Scenario Handbook\n * The 10 Strangest Superstitions About Sex\n * How to Make Time for Sex as a New Parent\n * Trying to Conceive at the Drugstore: 5 Items to Include On Your Babymaking Shopping List\n * Reduce Stress to Aid Conception\n * Complete Guide to Shower Sex\n * Boost Fertility Through Nutrition\n * Sex Tips for New Parents\n * The Real Gods of Sex\n * Exercise to Increase Your Chances of Pregnancy\n * 7 Surprising Secrets to a Sexy Marriage\n * 3 Myths About Bisexuality Busted\n * What You Should Know About Sperm\n * What Is The Fertile Window? Can I Only Get Pregnant 5 Days a Month? The Female Fertility Cycle Explained\n * How to Keep Your Sperm Count High\n * 5 Condom Facts You Didn't Learn in Health Class\n * Everything You Need to Know About Personal Lubricants (But Were Too Afraid to Ask)\n * Your Guide to Getting It on in the Guest Room\n * 3 Surprising Things That Hinder Conception\n * 4 Reasons Being Sex Positive Rules\n * How To Tighten Your Vagina\n * 10 Ways to Enjoy the Magic of Lube\n * The New Yorker: Heavy Petting\n * 5 Mind Blowing Hand Jobs That You Can Only Do With Lube\n * What is the Male G-Spot?\n * 9 Surprising Causes of Vaginal Dryness\n * 6 Things You Need to Ask Your Gyno\n * Myths about Fertility\n * 3 Pickup Artist Tips That Actually Work\n * 5 Anxiety-Melting Stress Management Techniques for Couples Trying to Conceive\n * Astroglide Encourages You to “Get Into Something Good”\n * 3 Sex Tips for People with Sensitive Skin\n * 100 Best Sex Quotes of All Time\n * Trying to Conceive? Follow These 5 Tips\n * Why It's Okay to Have Sex on Your First Date\n * 5 Habits of Highly Effective Healthy Sperm\n * Everyday Activities that Affect Fertility\n * How to Build an Infertility Support Network (And 4 Reasons You Really, Really Should)\n * How To Pick The Right-Sized Condom\n * 21 Sexy Winter Date Ideas for Guys on Any Budget\n * How to Have Multiple Orgasms – 7 Tricks to Try Today\n * How to Keep Your Marriage Hot\n * The Strangest Craigslist Ads of All Time\n * 3 Fertility Questions You Were Too Afraid To Ask\n * 50 Shades of Not-Okay: What the Book Got Wrong\n * 10 Creative First Date Ideas Inspired by The Bachelor\n * Must-Haves for Your S&M; Toy Box\n * Fertility Doctors, Fertility Coaches and Doulas: How They Differ and How to Build Your TTC All-star Team\n * What’s In My Lube? Your Guide to Personal Lubricant Ingredients\n * 20 Relationship Quotes From the Bachelor That Show That The Struggle Is Real\n * Your Erogenous Zone Roadmap\n * Questions You Should Ask Your Doctor when Trying to Get Pregnant\n * 3 Ways to be a Gentleman on the Streets and a Freak in the Sheets\n * Beyond Monogamy: The New Relationship Rules\n * 5 Simple Tinder Tricks That’ll Make ‘Em Swipe Right\n * Pull and Pray: The Rising Popularity of the Withdrawal Method\n * How to Be a Sex God: 4 Tips from a Sex Goddess\n * The Top 4 Best Natural Aphrodisiacs\n * Netflix and Chill: 20 Cheap Date Ideas That Won’t Break the Bank\n * Do You Suck at Flirting? Take the Quiz.\n * 9 Best Things About Attending a Gay Pride Parade\n * 4 Things to Do If a Condom Breaks\n * How To Turn Mr. Right Now Into Mr. Right\n * Your Sexy Summer Regimen\n * 15 Reasons to Keep the Spark Alive\n * Feed Your APPetite. Take The Quiz.\n * 4 Date Ideas That Double As Workouts\n * What Science is Doing About 3 Common Causes of Infertility in Women\n * 6 Tips For Spicing Up A Long-Term Relationship\n * Our 5 Favorite Fertility Apps\n * Everything You Need to Know About Outdoor Sex\n * 4 Everyday Chemicals That Affect Fertility\n * 10 Things to Bring to a Gay Pride Parade\n * How Does Fertility Work and What Affects It?\n * How to Have Sex Like a God: The Complete Guide for Men\n * 10 Guidelines for Kinkier Sex\n * 7 Online Dating Red Flags\n * Sexy Habits You Won’t Want to Break\n * What Women Want In Bed According to Science\n * When the Going Gets Tough: How to Make a Relationship Last\n * 8 Tips for Planning a Couples Retreat at Home\n * #TTC_Chat on Twitter\n * Talk Dirty to Me: The Complete Guide to Talking Dirty\n * Astroglide's Resident Sexologist Dr. Jess Reviews Astroglide Spark\n * Dr Drai Astroglide Sexual Health Advisor\n * Dating After 50: Advice for Getting Back in the Game\n * Relationship Goals: 6 Things to Look for in a Long-Term Partner\n * 11 Things You Didn't Learn in Your Sex Education Class (But Should Have)\n * 20 Unique Ways to Spice Up Your Relationship\n * How to Give The World’s Sexiest Massage\n * How Does Age Affect Fertility?\n * 25 Sexy Date Ideas for Summer\n * The Best Workouts for Sexual Stamina\n * Your Quick and Easy Pre-Pregnancy Diet\n * Lube Diaries: Liquid vs Gel\n * How Does Cancer Affect Fertility?\n * Grieving While Trying to Conceive\n * 10 Tips for Better Oral Sex\n * Lube Diaries: Silicone vs. Water\n * Lube Diaries: Lube for the bride-to-be\n * 5 Reasons Women Date Younger Men: Four Cougars Share Their Stories\n * 5 Infertile Couples Speak About the Adoption Process\n * 5 Gifts You Should Never Give an Infertile Woman\n * 5 ways to make his Penis go from LIMP to LIVELY\n * How to Introduce Lube into the Bedroom\n * 8 Ways Gay Dating Is Just Like Straight Dating\n * Toys for Two: The Complete Guide to Sex Toys for Couples\n * It’s Time to Make Sex Ed Queer: Here’s Why\n * The Ultimate Guide to Period Sex\n * When to Use What: The Best Lube for Every Occasion\n * 8 Unique Ways to Meet Gay Men\n * How to Make Trying to Conceive Less of a Chore\n * How Sex Reduces Stress\n * 3 Menopause Myths You Should Stop Believing\n * Four Simple Lifestyle Hacks that can Improve Your Chance of Conception\n * 22 Sexy Costume Ideas for Couples\n * The Dirty Diet: How to Eat Your Way to Better Sex\n * Trying to Get Pregnant? Look for These 5 Signs of Ovulation\n * 10 Questions Not To Ask A Transgender Person\n * Trying to Conceive? Here's Everything You Need to Know About Vitamins and Supplements\n * Valentine's Day Gifts for Every Stage of Your Relationship\n * A Lighter Shade of Grey: the Beginner's Guide to Kink\n * How to Make A Sex Tape So Good You Hope It Leaks\n * 7 Tips for Attending Your First Gay Wedding\n * 6 Sexperts Explain How to Keep Your Long Distance Relationship Hot\n * Why Do Cheaters Do It?\n * 5 Tips for Watching Porn With Your Partner\n * Why 50+ Can Be Your Sexual Prime\n * What You Should Know About Vaginal Health\n * The Best Ways to Take the Pause Out of Menopause\n * 4 Myths About Silicone Lube Debunked\n * 8 Ways to Rekindle Romance After the Kids Have Moved Out\n * 5 Surprising Common Causes of Vaginal Pain\n * What Causes a Low Sperm Count?\n * How to Turn Your Partner Into a Generous Lover\n * 17 Unique Romantic Gifts\n * 3 Ways to Support a Man Struggling With Fertility\n * Merry and Gay: Bringing Your Partner Home for the Holidays\n * 15 Soulmate Signs: How to Know When You've Met the One\n * How to Take a Pregnancy Test Like a Pro\n * How to Have More Quickies\n * 8 Things You Might Not Know About the Clitoris\n * Huffington Post: How the Boomers Changed Sex\n * How to Survive the Holidays When You’re Trying to Conceive\n * One Herald: Kathie Lee & Hoda: Stephen Colbert has a special place in their hearts.\n * 10 Reasons Why Women Lose Their Libido\n * Your Most Embarrassing Sex Stories\n * 4 Surprising Facts about Endometriosis\n * 6 Sneaky Signs She’s Into You\n * Am I Infertile? 4 Signs It's Time to See a Doctor\n * 25 Surprising Facts About HIV\n * Everything You Need to Know About Queer Dating Apps\n * How to Pack the Ultimate Overnight Bag\n * Lube 101: A Comprehensive Guide to Personal Lubrication\n * 4 Alleged Natural Remedies for Infertility That Probably Don't Work (And What You Should Do Instead)\n * How Often Should You Have Intercourse If You Are Trying To Conceive?\n * Sex After Childbirth: 8 Things Every Couple Needs To Know\n * 3 Self-Care Resolutions for Dealing with Infertility\n * 10 Ways to Completely Seduce Your Partner\n * Keep TTC Sexy Valentine’s Day Giveaway\n * How to Get Over a Breakup Like a Boss\n * An Astroglide TTC Success Story\n * Lesbian Sex: 9 Tips for Your First Time\n * The Female G-Spot: Your Ultimate Guide\n * About\n\n * Press and Downloads\n\n * Press Releases\n\n * Astroglide Announces the Birth of Its New Baby: Astroglide TTC\n * Astroglide’s New Sex Positive Branding Promotes Inclusivity\n * Meet Spark: Astroglide’s New Hybrid Lubricant\n * Where to Buy\n\n * Products\n * Lube Ed\n * Healthcare Pros\n * News & Blog\n * About\n * Where to Buy\n\nGet Your Sample\n\n * Lube Ed\n * Expert Advice\n * FAQs\n\n« BACK TO News & Blog\n\n# How to Pack the Ultimate Overnight Bag\n\nShare:\n\nWhen you were a kid, sleepovers were simple. You threw your pjs into your\nbackpack, grabbed your coolest Disney sleeping bag and bam -- you were ready\nto party. But grownups sleepovers are another animal altogether. While you may\nbegin the night with your favorite movie and some pizza, you’ll (hopefully)\nend it with a mind-blowing orgasm.\n\nIf you’re a gal who’s planning on sleeping over at a guy’s house, ditch the\nsleeping bag, grab the sex lube and prepare the ultimate overnight bag by\npacking it with these essentials:\n\nA Variety of Condoms. You can’t always count on a guy to supply condoms, even\nif you’re crashing at his pad. Bring at least three (in case you feel extra\nfrisky or one malfunctions) and if possible, select a variety of types --\nevery guy has a brand or style he prefers.\n\nCondom-Safe Sex Lube. You never know when you might need some help with\nlubrication. Choose a personal lubricant that’s condom-friendly like\nAstroglide Liquid or Astroglide Diamond Silicone Gel (an especially great\nchoice if there’s a chance you’ll be getting busy in the shower or hot tub).\n\nShower Wipes. These pre-moistened towelettes can help you feel fresh before\nand after sex, and are a great stand-in when a full shower just isn’t an\noption.\n\nScented Lotion. Keep skin touchably soft and smooth without piling on\nfragrance by using a lightly scented lotion. Just be sure not to slather it on\nwhen you disappear to powder your nose. There’s a fine line between supple and\nslippery.\n\nBlack Ballet Flats. No one wants to jog to the bus stop in last night’s five-\ninch heels. A sleek pair of ballet flats are the perfect solution.\n\nYoga Pants. What if he slips into sweats and leaves you standing there in your\nmini dress? Time to break out the yoga pants -- they’re notoriously flattering\nbut casual at the same time.\n\nHangover Helper. After a night of drunken debauchery, feel like yourself again\nwith some Ibuprofen, chewable Pepto Bismol tablets and a packet of Emergen-C.\nIt’s a hangover-vanquishing trifecta.\n\nHair Essentials. Pack a hair tie, brush and go-to styling product to tame your\ntresses after a roll in the hay.\n\nToothbrush and Mints. There are few things less sexy than super stinky breath.\nBring your own toothbrush and a pack of mints or mint gum to ward of morning\nbreath and stay kissably fresh.\n\nKeep in mind that you may want to be a bit coy when choosing your overnight\nbag. Select a large hobo bag or tote instead of a duffle bag. Most guys will\nbe more than a little freaked out if you show up for your third date looking\nlike you’re prepared to spend a month trekking through the Rockies. It’s also\na good idea to use a makeup bag inside your tote to organize smaller items\nlike sex lube and condoms.\n\nWhat’s in your overnight bag? Check your baggage in our comment section.\n\n_Images pictured are for illustrative purposes only.\n\nShare:\n\nSpice Up Your Inbox\n\nWe’d love to add you to our little black book. Sign up to receive sexy tips,\nspecial promotions and the latest news from Astroglide.\n\n*Required fields\n\nWe promise not to get clingy – we’ll only email you twice a month.\n\nThanks!\n\nKeep an eye on your inbox - you’ll hear from us soon.\n\n^© 2017 BioFilm IP LLC\n\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://collegecandy.com:80/2015/05/11/staying-over-boyfriends-place-terrible-things-that-happen/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170904013621/http://collegecandy.com:80/2015/05/11/staying-over-boyfriends-place-terrible-things-that-happen/", "parsed_text": { "title": "12 Things That Happen When You Stay With Your Boyfriend", "passages": [ "Sleeping over your boyfriend’s place sounds awesome in theory. You don’t have to make your way home late at night alone and you get to cuddle all night long. But reality vs. expectations usually differ greatly. While you’re trying to enjoy time with bae, your body and mind seem to be working against you. You’ll forget deodorant even though it’s a permanent fixture in your purse or be so uncomfortable that the only place you want to be is your own bed. It’s not just you.", "It’s inevitable. That time of the month seems to just perfectly aline with not being home for the weekend. Not only do you have to find an excuse to run to the pharmacy to grab tampons, but you’ll also be suffering through cramps that your boyfriend just doesn’t understand. Ouch...", "There’s nothing worse than going to bed without that clean feeling in your mouth...except waking up with stinky breath and having to pull one of those moves where you just spread toothpaste around your mouth and hope for the best.", "Is it rude? Probably not, but the chances of a guy having something good that won’t kill your beach season diet are slim. At home you can just grab an apple from the fridge. Here, you have to BYO snacks.", "So you spend hours staring at the ceiling, trying not to move around too much so he doesn’t wake up. All you want to do is lull yourself to sleep with a few episodes of New Girl, but you just lay there while your arm goes numb from laying on it.", "Borrriiinnnggg. You wait patiently for him to wake up so you can make a run to the bagel shop, but he is out like a light. Maybe the sound of your stomach rumbling with wake him eventually.", "You try to be tough and make it through all your activities without complaints, but inside you just want to throw on your oldest sweatpants and crawl into bed. Not a great look.", "If your initial plans were to chill out at the apartment for the night but suddenly you’re going to a club, you’re scrambling to make your jeans and old t-shirt look like they’re appropriate for a night out. Maybe no one really notices, but it’s all your mind can focus on all night.", "Either you have to remember to plan ahead and bring your own travel-size hair products, or you’ll be cursed with greasy hair by Sunday.", "After you’ve selected a bag that can fit all your stuff for a night or two (it’s a lot of stuff) yet won’t make you look like a hobo, you do your best to cram makeup, hair products, clothes, shoes, Advil, tampons, and anything else there’s a 50% or more chance you’ll be needing that you know he doesn’t have. It’s no easy feat.", "While BF is in the shower or on a beer run, you take the opportunity to do something weird like pop a zit in the hallway mirror or go through his kitchen on a search for scissors. His roommate will emerge and caught off-guard, you start acting sketchy, even if you weren’t doing anything sketchy. So now they think you’re crazy.", "When your leg grazes up against him in an attempt to be sexy, you realize you haven’t shaved your legs and want to die. Suddenly, you feel gross and pretty much the opposite of sexy.", "First off, curse that extra slice of pizza. Second, deny. Deny girls do that, deny you have ever had to go, and most of all, deny any smell. Courtesy flush and maybe combine your go with a shower or putting on makeup so you don’t take a suspiciously long time. God speed." ] }, "parsed_md": "12 Things That Happen When You Stay With Your Boyfriend\n\nLove\n\nMay 11, 2015 1:20 pm|Feb 17, 2016 2:37 pm\n\n# 12 Terrible Things That Inevitably Happen When You Stay Over Your\nBoyfriend’s Place\n\nStephanie Petit\n\nSleeping over your boyfriend’s place sounds awesome in theory. You don’t have\nto make your way home late at night alone and you get to cuddle all night\nlong. But reality vs. expectations usually differ greatly. While you’re trying\nto enjoy time with bae, your body and mind seem to be working against you.\nYou’ll forget deodorant even though it’s a permanent fixture in your purse or\nbe so uncomfortable that the only place you want to be is your own bed. It’s\nnot just you.\n\n## 1\\. You get your period.\n\nIt’s inevitable. That time of the month seems to just perfectly aline with not\nbeing home for the weekend. Not only do you have to find an excuse to run to\nthe pharmacy to grab tampons, but you’ll also be suffering through cramps that\nyour boyfriend just doesn’t understand. Ouch...\n\n## 2\\. You forget your toothbrush or other essential.\n\nThere’s nothing worse than going to bed without that clean feeling in your\nmouth...except waking up with stinky breath and having to pull one of those\nmoves where you just spread toothpaste around your mouth and hope for the\nbest.\n\n## 3\\. You get hungry but don’t want to say anything.\n\nIs it rude? Probably not, but the chances of a guy having something good that\nwon’t kill your beach season diet are slim. At home you can just grab an apple\nfrom the fridge. Here, you have to BYO snacks.\n\n## 4\\. You can’t fall asleep.\n\nSo you spend hours staring at the ceiling, trying not to move around too much\nso he doesn’t wake up. All you want to do is lull yourself to sleep with a few\nepisodes of New Girl, but you just lay there while your arm goes numb from\nlaying on it.\n\n## 5\\. You wake up first.\n\nBorrriiinnnggg. You wait patiently for him to wake up so you can make a run to\nthe bagel shop, but he is out like a light. Maybe the sound of your stomach\nrumbling with wake him eventually.\n\n## 6\\. You feel sick.\n\nYou try to be tough and make it through all your activities without\ncomplaints, but inside you just want to throw on your oldest sweatpants and\ncrawl into bed. Not a great look.\n\n## 7\\. You’ll change plans and feel under- or overdressed\n\nIf your initial plans were to chill out at the apartment for the night but\nsuddenly you’re going to a club, you’re scrambling to make your jeans and old\nt-shirt look like they’re appropriate for a night out. Maybe no one really\nnotices, but it’s all your mind can focus on all night.\n\n## 8\\. You need to shower but he doesn’t have good shampoo and conditioner.\n\nEither you have to remember to plan ahead and bring your own travel-size hair\nproducts, or you’ll be cursed with greasy hair by Sunday.\n\n## 9\\. You have to live out of a bag.\n\nAfter you’ve selected a bag that can fit all your stuff for a night or two\n(it’s a lot of stuff) yet won’t make you look like a hobo, you do your best to\ncram makeup, hair products, clothes, shoes, Advil, tampons, and anything else\nthere’s a 50% or more chance you’ll be needing that you know he doesn’t have.\nIt’s no easy feat.\n\n## 10\\. You get caught doing something weird by his roommates.\n\nWhile BF is in the shower or on a beer run, you take the opportunity to do\nsomething weird like pop a zit in the hallway mirror or go through his kitchen\non a search for scissors. His roommate will emerge and caught off-guard, you\nstart acting sketchy, even if you weren’t doing anything sketchy. So now they\nthink you’re crazy.\n\n## 11\\. You’ll want to shave.\n\nWhen your leg grazes up against him in an attempt to be sexy, you realize you\nhaven’t shaved your legs and want to die. Suddenly, you feel gross and pretty\nmuch the opposite of sexy.\n\n## 12\\. You have to go...”number two.”\n\nFirst off, curse that extra slice of pizza. Second, deny. Deny girls do that,\ndeny you have ever had to go, and most of all, deny any smell. Courtesy flush\nand maybe combine your go with a shower or putting on makeup so you don’t take\na suspiciously long time. God speed.\n\n### The Definitive Guide To Pooping At Your Boyfriend's House\n\nWhen nature calls...\n\nCLICK HERE TO READ MORE →\n\nRelated TopicsDating Love one night stands\n\nStephanie PetitCOLLEGECANDY Writer\n\nProbably busy watching puppy videos on Instagram.\n\n * RECOMMENDED\n\n * News moves fast. Keep up with daily email.\n\n * ## You Might Like\n\n * ABOUT | CONTACT | PRIVACY | TERMS\n\n© COED MEDIA Group LLC. All Rights Reserved.\n\nPowered By Wordpress.com VIP\n\nFollow Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.elle.com/life-love/a27862/one-night-stand-bag-purse-stash/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423063311/https://www.elle.com/life-love/a27862/one-night-stand-bag-purse-stash/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Sleeping Over at Guy's Place", "passages": [ "Every item on this page was chosen by an ELLE editor. We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy.", "\"Let's just be honest: You need a good lip balm if you might be having a slutty evening. It's fine!\"", "Nothing's worse than waking up at a guy's place feeling... not so fresh (crunchy contacts, smeared mascara, breath like stale sour cream). At the same time, rolling up to da club/tasteful wine bar with a giant Madewell tote of overnight stuff can sort of cramp your style. Also, if it's early in the game, you'll look a little TOO prepared. Instead, take a cue from these 20-something New York City-based women for what to pack when you're not totally sure if you'll play a home or away game that night, but want to stuff just enough in your tote to be prepared either way.", "1. Condoms. Look. It's 2015. Bring them yourself so he can't pull the whole \"I promise I'll pull out\" and then when you say no you have to awkward cuddle him until you go home. Just bring your own so there's no muss no fuss.", "3. An emergency $20 bill. You never know when you're going to lose your wallet so you want to have some cash just in case. What if you're in a neighborhood you've never seen before? Yeah. No good.", "4. Phone charger. It's sad but in this day and age we are LOST without our smart phones. And in the case of a one-night stand that could very well be literal. You don't want to not have your wallet or a full battery because then how will Siri tell you how to GTF home?!", "6. Smith's Tinted Roses Lip Balm. This. Is. My. Shit. I love this lip balm. It has just a little bit of color so it can double as blush so I don't look totally washed out, and it saves my lips after the dehydration from all of the booze I probably drank and all of the sloppy making out I did. Let's just be honest: You need a good lip balm if you might be having a slutty evening. It's fine!", "8. Neutrogena SkinClearing Blemish Concealer. It will cover anything and make me look fresh and dewy even though I probably only slept like 20 minutes.", "9. Benefit They're Real Mascara, travel-sized. Full disclosure: bought this out of one of their vending machines in an airport when I was seriously sleep deprived after a red eye flight. But the stuff is AMAZING. It makes me look awake and not like a trainwreck. Two thumbs up!", "10. Bobby pins. At this point every girl can do a messy bun in her sleep so just have the essentials to toss those tresses up and you are good to go.", "12. A pair of Victoria's Secret Seamless Undies. Why seamless? They fold up easier and even if they're wrinkled they won't give you VPL. Why panties? Someone lied to you when they told you there was no such thing as a stupid question.", "6. Portable phone charger so I can get my own Uber home in the a.m. (Him: \"Let's eat breakfast together!\" Me: \"Aw sorry I already requested an Uber and it'll charge me if I cancel. Bummer!!!!\" NOT.)", "7. Dickinson's original witch hazel towelettes, to remove makeup at night, and make my skin look good when I wake up before the guy, like Kristen Wiig in Bridesmaids.", "2. Most importantly, A PHONE CHARGER. I feel it is assumed why this is the most important. You want a way out, and to not be stranded or confused trying to get home, this is the only way. So you get to his house and you charge that shit.", "4. Gum. I would say toothbrush, but let's be real, I'm not gonna take the time to do that at a strangers house. Hopefully he has some mouthwash, but if not, gum is the way to go in the a.m. Also, I like chewing gum on my way out—makes me feel like a confident Jersey girl and I just rocked his world and I got no time for anyone else's shit.", "5. Make up remover wipes so you don't wake up looking insane. Also, it just feels better to leave the house not using some boys disgusting, flaky soap bar to get makeup off. It won't work and will leave you dry as the Sahara.", "3. Biosilk hair serum. Tames fly-always and makes my hair shiny. I also like to think it keeps my hair soft—which is nice to know when it gets pulled. Haha.", "5. Colgate Wisps. Easier to carry than a toothbrush and tooth paste. I can brush my teeth anywhere, and discreetly, too.", "8. Pure Romance's Just Like Me Lubricant because it is made to match a woman's natural lubricant, so it doesn't leave the same sticky feeling after the fact that most lubes have. It makes a huge difference in comfort the next morning.", "2. Dior Addict Gloss in Night Fantasy, so I can look pulled-together if I wake up and get sandbagged with a \"come to lunch with me!\" move.", "This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io", "A Part of Hearst Digital Media ELLE participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "Sleeping Over at Guy's Place - What to Bring\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nELLE's April Shopping Guide\n\n2\n\nRosé is the New Face of Tiffany & Co.\n\n3\n\nWhat To Know About the Ma’Khia Bryant Case\n\n4\n\nMichelle Zauner on Her New Memoir Crying in H Mart\n\n5\n\nPop-Punk Girl Summer Is On the Horizon\n\nEvery item on this page was chosen by an ELLE editor. We may earn commission\non some of the items you choose to buy.\n\n# What 8 Single Women Pack In Their One-Night Stand Bags\n\n\"Let's just be honest: You need a good lip balm if you might be having a\nslutty evening. It's fine!\"\n\nBy Anna Breslaw\n\nMay 14, 2015\n\nTyler Joe\n\nNothing's worse than waking up at a guy's place feeling... not so fresh\n(crunchy contacts, smeared mascara, breath like stale sour cream). At the same\ntime, rolling up to da club/tasteful wine bar with a giant Madewell tote of\novernight stuff can sort of cramp your style. Also, if it's early in the game,\nyou'll look a little TOO prepared. Instead, take a cue from these 20-something\nNew York City-based women for what to pack when you're not totally sure if\nyou'll play a home or away game that night, but want to stuff just enough in\nyour tote to be prepared either way.\n\nTyler Joe\n\n### Kendra, 25\n\n1\\. Condoms. Look. It's 2015. Bring them yourself so he can't pull the whole\n\"I promise I'll pull out\" and then when you say no you have to awkward cuddle\nhim until you go home. Just bring your own so there's no muss no fuss.\n\n2\\. Altoids. Self-explanatory.\n\n3\\. An emergency $20 bill. You never know when you're going to lose your\nwallet so you want to have some cash just in case. What if you're in a\nneighborhood you've never seen before? Yeah. No good.\n\n4\\. Phone charger. It's sad but in this day and age we are LOST without our\nsmart phones. And in the case of a one-night stand that could very well be\nliteral. You don't want to not have your wallet or a full battery because then\nhow will Siri tell you how to GTF home?!\n\n5\\. Dove deodorant, travel-sized.\n\n6\\. Smith's Tinted Roses Lip Balm. This. Is. My. Shit. I love this lip balm.\nIt has just a little bit of color so it can double as blush so I don't look\ntotally washed out, and it saves my lips after the dehydration from all of the\nbooze I probably drank and all of the sloppy making out I did. Let's just be\nhonest: You need a good lip balm if you might be having a slutty evening. It's\nfine!\n\n8\\. Neutrogena SkinClearing Blemish Concealer. It will cover anything and make\nme look fresh and dewy even though I probably only slept like 20 minutes.\n\n9\\. Benefit They're Real Mascara, travel-sized. Full disclosure: bought this\nout of one of their vending machines in an airport when I was seriously sleep\ndeprived after a red eye flight. But the stuff is AMAZING. It makes me look\nawake and not like a trainwreck. Two thumbs up!\n\n10\\. Bobby pins. At this point every girl can do a messy bun in her sleep so\njust have the essentials to toss those tresses up and you are good to go.\n\n11\\. Hair tie\n\n12\\. A pair of Victoria's Secret Seamless Undies. Why seamless? They fold up\neasier and even if they're wrinkled they won't give you VPL. Why panties?\nSomeone lied to you when they told you there was no such thing as a stupid\nquestion.\n\nTyler Joe\n\n### Zoe, 23\n\n1\\. Always individual feminine wipe packet. Life-saver.\n\n2\\. Condoms\n\n3\\. Marc Jacobs Daisy perfume rollerball\n\n4\\. Altoid smalls\n\n5\\. Sometimes a snack if I can fit it in my bag... #fuel.\n\n6\\. Portable phone charger so I can get my own Uber home in the a.m. (Him:\n\"Let's eat breakfast together!\" Me: \"Aw sorry I already requested an Uber and\nit'll charge me if I cancel. Bummer!!!!\" NOT.)\n\nTyler Joe\n\n### Elena, 21\n\n1\\. A sexy pair of Victoria's Secret underwear\n\n2\\. Glasses (because I have to throw out my daily contacts).\n\n3\\. Toothpaste\n\n4\\. Victoria's Secret Noir Tease body mist\n\n5\\. A pair of socks, because I'm a freak of nature who wears socks to bed.\n\n6\\. Toothbrush\n\n7\\. Dickinson's original witch hazel towelettes, to remove makeup at night,\nand make my skin look good when I wake up before the guy, like Kristen Wiig in\nBridesmaids.\n\nTyler Joe\n\n### Sarah, 27\n\n1\\. Flats. If you come prepared, the next morning can be a breeze and quite\npleasant.\n\n2\\. Most importantly, A PHONE CHARGER. I feel it is assumed why this is the\nmost important. You want a way out, and to not be stranded or confused trying\nto get home, this is the only way. So you get to his house and you charge that\nshit.\n\n3\\. Condoms (duh)...even though I forget all the time.\n\n4\\. Gum. I would say toothbrush, but let's be real, I'm not gonna take the\ntime to do that at a strangers house. Hopefully he has some mouthwash, but if\nnot, gum is the way to go in the a.m. Also, I like chewing gum on my way\nout—makes me feel like a confident Jersey girl and I just rocked his world and\nI got no time for anyone else's shit.\n\n5\\. Make up remover wipes so you don't wake up looking insane. Also, it just\nfeels better to leave the house not using some boys disgusting, flaky soap bar\nto get makeup off. It won't work and will leave you dry as the Sahara.\n\nTyler Joe\n\n### Alexis, 23\n\n1\\. Q-tips. Completely multi-purpose...They've done everything from fix\nmorning raccoon eyes to act as tiny toothbrushes in a pinch!\n\n2\\. Floss\n\n3\\. Wisp travel toothbrushes. Saved me on many an occasion!!\n\n4\\. An extra pair of undies. You never know!\n\n5\\. Contact solution\n\n6\\. Mascara\n\n7\\. Bobby pins\n\n8\\. Hair ties\n\n9\\. Contact case\n\n10\\. A brush\n\n11\\. Condoms. You also never know!\n\n12\\. Deodorant\n\n13\\. Makeup wipes\n\nTyler Joe\n\n### Meg, 23\n\n1\\. Hairbrush\n\n2\\. Condoms\n\n3\\. Biosilk hair serum. Tames fly-always and makes my hair shiny. I also like\nto think it keeps my hair soft—which is nice to know when it gets pulled.\nHaha.\n\n4\\. Concealer\n\n5\\. Colgate Wisps. Easier to carry than a toothbrush and tooth paste. I can\nbrush my teeth anywhere, and discreetly, too.\n\n6\\. Burt's Bees lip balm\n\n7\\. Mascara\n\nTyler Joe\n\n### Nicole, 22\n\n1\\. Panties\n\n2\\. Toothbrush\n\n3\\. Eye drops\n\n4\\. Bobby pins\n\n5\\. Pocket vibrator\n\n6\\. Phone charger\n\n7\\. Hair ties\n\n8\\. Pure Romance's Just Like Me Lubricant because it is made to match a\nwoman's natural lubricant, so it doesn't leave the same sticky feeling after\nthe fact that most lubes have. It makes a huge difference in comfort the next\nmorning.\n\n9\\. Condoms\n\n10\\. A travel-sized dry shampoo\n\nTyler Joe\n\n### Alin, 21\n\n1\\. A hair tie\n\n2\\. Dior Addict Gloss in Night Fantasy, so I can look pulled-together if I\nwake up and get sandbagged with a \"come to lunch with me!\" move.\n\n3\\. Burt's Bees lip shimmer in Plum. I feel it really adds to my \"come hither\"\nlook.\n\n4\\. Granola bar. Anything but Nature Valley. Those crumbs are out of control!\n\n5\\. M.A.C lipstick in Cyber, a black-purple for da club or a grungy lounge\nwith a fog machine.\n\n6\\. Face blotters, because I sweat.\n\nAnna Breslaw Writer.\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Life & Love\n\nChic Mother’s Day Gifts for Every Kind of Mom\n\nCreated for From ELLE for Created by ELLE for\n\nAnthropologie\n\n36 Of The Most Stylish Celebrity Honeymoons\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nCelebrities Who Don't Use Their Real Names\n\nSharon Tate's Life in Pictures\n\nMichelle Zauner on Her New Memoir Crying in H Mart\n\nCrazy Facts About the Making of 'Outlander'\n\nI Thought I Had It All Planned. Then Came 2020\n\n26 Stars Who Appeared On '90s TV Shows\n\n40 Diet And Fitness Tips Kate Middleton Swears By\n\n40 Meghan Markle-Approved Health Habits To Try\n\n * Life & Love\n * What to Pack For a Tricky Vacation\n * Necklace Bags Are the New Fanny Packs\n * The Celebrity Guide to Date-Night Dressing\n * Exactly What to Wear on Valentine's Day\n * What Can Kendall Fit In Her Teeny, Tiny Bag Bag?\n * 18 Makeup Bags That Double as Clutches\n\n * Newsletter\n * Contact Us\n * Media Kit\n * Press Room\n * Site Map\n * Community Guidelines\n * Advertise Online\n * Customer Service\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Events & Promotions\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Giveaways\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media ELLE participates in various affiliate\nmarketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially\nchosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n" } ]
1,700,586
How To Determine What Key a Song Is In
To determine what key a song is in when you have the sheet music, look at the key signature, which is the set of markings between the clef and the time signature. If there are flats, the key is the name of the second-to-last flat when read from left to right. For key signatures using sharps, the key is the note that’s ½ step up from the last sharp marking. Alternatively, if you’re using a chord chart to play the guitar, the key is most likely the same as the starting and ending chords. For example, if a piece of music ends with a D chord, the song is probably in the key of D.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20161213194521/http://www.guitarlessons.com:80/guitar-lessons/guitar-theory-ear-training-and-reading/finding-song-keys-on-guitar/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210427044947/http://musictheorysite.com/namethatkey/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509093615/https://www.musictheory.net/lessons/31", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201119142433/http://www.musictheoryfundamentals.com/MusicTheory/keySignatures.php", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200221173915/http://www.fretjam.com:80/key-by-ear.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161104140653/http://www.idiotsguides.com:80/arts-and-entertainment/music-theory/music-theory-101-major-minor-diminished-and-augmented-chords/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210721145729/https://method-behind-the-music.com/theory/scalesandkeys/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211208041144/http://musictheoryfundamentals.com/MusicTheory/intervals_part1.php", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210925082547/https://www.hooktheory.com/blog/i-analyzed-the-chords-of-1300-popular-songs-for-patterns-this-is-what-i-found/" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "http://www.guitarlessons.com:80/guitar-lessons/guitar-theory-ear-training-and-reading/finding-song-keys-on-guitar/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161213194521/http://www.guitarlessons.com:80/guitar-lessons/guitar-theory-ear-training-and-reading/finding-song-keys-on-guitar/", "parsed_text": { "title": "» Finding Song Keys On Guitar", "passages": [ "Being able to find out what key a song is in is a very good skill to have as a guitar player. There are a few things that you can work on to start being able to find out what key a song is in. Knowing what major scales sound like and being familiar with what chords are in a given key are two things that can really make finding out what key a song is in easier. This lesson will focus on songs that are in major keys only.", "The first thing that you need to be able to do is to pick out the root note of the key of the song that you are trying to learn. When we are talking about the root note of a key we are just referring to the first scale degree or the tonic of the key. For example, the root of a G major scale would be a G note. If you are practicing the major scale on a regular basis and getting that sound in your head, it will be easier for you to focus in on which note is the root of a particular key. When you get used to listening for the root, or tonic, of a scale, your ear will be drawn to that note when you start to hunt around for notes on the fret board for possible keys.", "A good exercise to develop your ear is to play a song on your stereo or headphones where you know the key. Play the major scale over that song and listen to what it sounds like. For example, if you like a song and you know it is in the key of G, put that song on and play a G major scale along with it.", "Once you think you have found a possibility for the key of a song, you should look at some of the chords that are in the song to confirm your suspicions. Here is where you have to put in some hard work. You really have to study your keys and start to memorize which chords are in each key.", "Let’s stick with the key of G major for an example. The chords in the key of G major are G major, A minor, B minor, C major, D major, E minor and F# diminished. This may seem like a lot of information but you will find that the more song you learn, the more you will start to recognize which chords belong to a given key.", "In the video we use the song “Time of Your Life” by Green Day as an example. The first chord in that song is a G major. The next chord is a C major. If you look at the chords we listed for the key of G major you will see that the fourth chord is a C major. This is a great hint that we are in the key of G major. D major is the third chord in the progression. Look at the fifth chord in the key of G major. It is a D major. At this point it is pretty safe to say that this song is in the key of G major.", "Learning how to find out what key a song is in may be difficult at first, but the more you do it the easier it will become. Make sure to get the sound of a major scale in your head and study what chords are in each key.", "Enter your email address below and click the green button to be sent 50 of our best step-by-step video lessons for FREE!" ] }, "parsed_md": "» Finding Song Keys On Guitar\n\nSAVE 45% When You Join GuitarLessons.com during our Christmas promotion. CLICK\nHERE »\n\n# Finding Song Keys On Guitar\n\nGuitar Theory, Ear Training, And Reading\n\nBeing able to find out what key a song is in is a very good skill to have as a\nguitar player. There are a few things that you can work on to start being able\nto find out what key a song is in. Knowing what major scales sound like and\nbeing familiar with what chords are in a given key are two things that can\nreally make finding out what key a song is in easier. This lesson will focus\non songs that are in major keys only.\n\nThe first thing that you need to be able to do is to pick out the root note of\nthe key of the song that you are trying to learn. When we are talking about\nthe root note of a key we are just referring to the first scale degree or the\ntonic of the key. For example, the root of a G major scale would be a G note.\nIf you are practicing the major scale on a regular basis and getting that\nsound in your head, it will be easier for you to focus in on which note is the\nroot of a particular key. When you get used to listening for the root, or\ntonic, of a scale, your ear will be drawn to that note when you start to hunt\naround for notes on the fret board for possible keys.\n\nA good exercise to develop your ear is to play a song on your stereo or\nheadphones where you know the key. Play the major scale over that song and\nlisten to what it sounds like. For example, if you like a song and you know it\nis in the key of G, put that song on and play a G major scale along with it.\n\nOnce you think you have found a possibility for the key of a song, you should\nlook at some of the chords that are in the song to confirm your suspicions.\nHere is where you have to put in some hard work. You really have to study your\nkeys and start to memorize which chords are in each key.\n\nLet’s stick with the key of G major for an example. The chords in the key of G\nmajor are G major, A minor, B minor, C major, D major, E minor and F#\ndiminished. This may seem like a lot of information but you will find that the\nmore song you learn, the more you will start to recognize which chords belong\nto a given key.\n\nIn the video we use the song “Time of Your Life” by Green Day as an example.\nThe first chord in that song is a G major. The next chord is a C major. If you\nlook at the chords we listed for the key of G major you will see that the\nfourth chord is a C major. This is a great hint that we are in the key of G\nmajor. D major is the third chord in the progression. Look at the fifth chord\nin the key of G major. It is a D major. At this point it is pretty safe to say\nthat this song is in the key of G major.\n\nLearning how to find out what key a song is in may be difficult at first, but\nthe more you do it the easier it will become. Make sure to get the sound of a\nmajor scale in your head and study what chords are in each key.\n\nEnter your email address and click the green button to get 50 of our best\nstep-by-step videos!\n\nEnter your email address below and click the green button to be sent 50 of our\nbest step-by-step video lessons for FREE!\n\nHow To Play Guitar - Beginner Guitar Lessons - Guitar Lessons - Piano Lessons\n- Drum Lessons\n\nHome - Guitar Resources - Terms - Privacy - © 2009-2016 Guitar System Inc. -\nAll Rights Reserved\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://musictheorysite.com/namethatkey/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210427044947/http://musictheorysite.com/namethatkey/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Name That Key - Find a Song's Key by It's Chords", "passages": [ "To identify the key of a song by it's chords choose the chords below and see the highlighted slices on the circle of fifths to the right. This searches all 12 possible keys for the selected chords (diatonically) and returns the keys with most matches. If there is more than one key that contains the selected chords it will display all relevant keys.", "Clicking any key in the circle of fifths will display all diatonic chords within that key as guitar chords for you string ticklers.", "The new Q&A section is a great place to ask questions or give answers to any music related questions. Check it out!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Name That Key - Find a Song's Key by It's Chords | Music Theory Site\n\n# Name That Key - Find a Song's Key by It's Chords\n\nTo identify the key of a song by it's chords choose the chords below and see\nthe highlighted slices on the circle of fifths to the right. This searches all\n12 possible keys for the selected chords (diatonically) and returns the keys\nwith most matches. If there is more than one key that contains the selected\nchords it will display all relevant keys.\n\nClicking any key in the circle of fifths will display all diatonic chords\nwithin that key as guitar chords for you string ticklers.\n\nName That Key works in Internet Explorer, but is best viewed in Firefox:\nDownload\n\n### #1 Pick Chords to Find the Key\n\nM| m| 7| M7| m7| dim° \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nC| Cm| C7| Cmaj7| Cm7| Cdim \nC| Cm| C7| Cmaj7| Cm7| Cdim \nD| Dm| D7| Dmaj7| Dm7| Ddim \nD| Dm| D7| Dmaj7| Dm7| Ddim \nD| Dm| D7| Dmaj7| Dm7| Ddim \nE| Em| E7| Emaj7| Em7| Edim \nE| Em| E7| Emaj7| Em7| Edim \nE| Em| E7| Emaj7| Em7| Edim \nF| Fm| F7| Fmaj7| Fm7| Fdim \nF#| Fm| F7| Fmaj7| Fm7| Fdim \nG| Gm| G7| Gmaj7| Gm7| Gdim \nG| Gm| G7| Gmaj7| Gm7| Gdim \nG| Gm| G7| Gmaj7| Gm7| Gdim \nAb| Am| A7| Amaj7| Am7| Adim \nA| Am| A7| Amaj7| Am7| Adim \nA| Am| A7| Amaj7| Am7| Adim \nBb| Bm| B7| Bmaj7| Bm7| Bdim \nB| Bm| B7| Bmaj7| Bm7| Bdim \nB| Bm| B7| Bmaj7| Bm7| Bdim \n \n### #2 See The Key\n\nC\n\nG\n\nD\n\nA\n\nE\n\nB\n\nF\n\nD\n\nA\n\nE\n\nB\n\nF\n\nCm\n\nGm\n\nDm\n\nAm\n\nEm\n\nBm\n\nFm\n\nDm\n\nAm\n\nEm\n\nBm\n\nFm\n\nMajor| Minor \n---|--- \nC| Am \nG| Em \nD| Bm \nA| Fm \nE| Dbm \nB| Abm \nF| Ebm \nDb| Bbm \nAb| Fm \nEb| Cm \nBb| Gm \nF| Dm \n \nBy Garrett Grimm, Rob Law, & Fady\n\n© 2019 Garrett Grimm\n\n#### Do you have a question?\n\nNeed help understanding a musical concept or figuring out chords to a song?\n\nThe new Q&A section is a great place to ask questions or give answers to any\nmusic related questions. Check it out!\n\nAsk a Question!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.musictheory.net/lessons/31", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509093615/https://www.musictheory.net/lessons/31", "parsed_text": { "title": "musictheory.net", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "musictheory.net\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.musictheoryfundamentals.com/MusicTheory/keySignatures.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201119142433/http://www.musictheoryfundamentals.com/MusicTheory/keySignatures.php", "parsed_text": { "title": "Music Theory Tutorials", "passages": [ "This is the key of E flat because E flat is the second to last flat in the key signature.This is the key of D flat because D flat is the second to last flat in the key signature. It is not the key of D because there is a D flat in the key. Therefore, it is the key of D flat.", "This is the key of G because F# is the last sharp in the key signature. G is half step above F#.This is the key of E because E is half step above D#, which is the last sharp in the key signature. It is not the key of E# because there is no E# in this key signature.This is the key of C#. Why? The last sharp in this key signature is B#. Half step above that is C#. Remember that there is a naturally occurring half step between B and C, which means B# is the same pitch as C. This means that half step above B# is C#. The quicker way to determine this is to look at the sharps already in the key signature. In this case, there is already a C# in the key signature, so this key is the key of C#.", "This little trick will help you quickly determine the name of the key signature when there are multiple sharps or flats in the key signature, but you may have noticed that this trick doesn't work for the key of F or the key of C. Let's discuss what all of these key signatures have in common.", "In the last lesson, we discussed that the W W H W W W H step pattern is the same for all major keys. The key of C has no sharps or flats because it naturally follows this pattern.", "The key of F, for example, has 1 flat (B flat). The B is flatted so that the scale follows the same W W H W W W H pattern.", "Here's what it would look like without the B flatted. Notice that the pattern changes, which means that this is no longer a Major scale.", "Here's another example of this. This image shows that the key of D Major follows this same pattern.Without the sharps, it is a different pattern and, therefore, not a Major scale.", "If you or someone you know would like to author some of the tutorials, please let me know by sending a message to me via the feedback form. To author a tutorial or quiz, only written content is needed. Graphics and audio will be created by me based on your instructions. Authors are compensated. For questions, please ask via the feedback form.", "Your feedback is valuable! Feel free to tell me what you think about the topics covered or give ideas for new tutorials that you would like to see added." ] }, "parsed_md": "Key Signatures | Music Theory Tutorials\n\n# Key Signatures\n\nHere is a list of all of the different key signatures:\n\n * Key of C (no sharps or flats)\n * Key of F (1 flat)\n * Key of B Flat (2 flats)\n * Key of E Flat (3 flats)\n * Key of A Flat (4 flats)\n * Key of D Flat (5 flats)\n * Key of G Flat (6 flats)\n * Key of C Flat (7 flats)\n * Key of G (1 sharp)\n * Key of D (2 sharps)\n * Key of A (3 sharps)\n * Key of E (4 sharps)\n * Key of B (5 sharps)\n * Key of F Sharp (6 sharps)\n * Key of C Sharp (7 sharps)\n\n## Tricks to Remember Key Signatures\n\n### Flats\n\nFor key signatures with flats, the key signature is the second to last flat.\n\nThis is the key of E flat because E flat is the second to last flat in the key\nsignature.This is the key of D flat because D flat is the second to last flat\nin the key signature. It is not the key of D because there is a D flat in the\nkey. Therefore, it is the key of D flat.\n\n### Sharps\n\nFor key signatures with sharps, the key signature is the note name half step\nabove the last sharp.\n\nThis is the key of G because F# is the last sharp in the key signature. G is\nhalf step above F#.This is the key of E because E is half step above D#, which\nis the last sharp in the key signature. It is not the key of E# because there\nis no E# in this key signature.This is the key of C#. Why? The last sharp in\nthis key signature is B#. Half step above that is C#. Remember that there is a\nnaturally occurring half step between B and C, which means B# is the same\npitch as C. This means that half step above B# is C#. The quicker way to\ndetermine this is to look at the sharps already in the key signature. In this\ncase, there is already a C# in the key signature, so this key is the key of\nC#.\n\n### What about the key of C or the key of F?\n\nThis little trick will help you quickly determine the name of the key\nsignature when there are multiple sharps or flats in the key signature, but\nyou may have noticed that this trick doesn't work for the key of F or the key\nof C. Let's discuss what all of these key signatures have in common.\n\n## Whole & Half Step Pattern in a Major Scale\n\nIn the last lesson, we discussed that the W W H W W W H step pattern is the\nsame for all major keys. The key of C has no sharps or flats because it\nnaturally follows this pattern.\n\nThe key of F, for example, has 1 flat (B flat). The B is flatted so that the\nscale follows the same W W H W W W H pattern.\n\nHere's what it would look like without the B flatted. Notice that the pattern\nchanges, which means that this is no longer a Major scale.\n\nHere's another example of this. This image shows that the key of D Major\nfollows this same pattern.Without the sharps, it is a different pattern and,\ntherefore, not a Major scale.\n\nStart Key Signatures Quiz\n\n# Authors Wanted\n\nIf you or someone you know would like to author some of the tutorials, please\nlet me know by sending a message to me via the feedback form. To author a\ntutorial or quiz, only written content is needed. Graphics and audio will be\ncreated by me based on your instructions. Authors are compensated. For\nquestions, please ask via the feedback form.\n\n# What do you think?\n\nYour feedback is valuable! Feel free to tell me what you think about the\ntopics covered or give ideas for new tutorials that you would like to see\nadded.\n\nLeave Feedback\n\nHome | Feedback\n\n© 2012 Music Theory Tutorials\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.fretjam.com:80/key-by-ear.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200221173915/http://www.fretjam.com:80/key-by-ear.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Determine the Key of a Song by Ear", "passages": [ "Key is an often misunderstood musical function. But knowing the key of a song has huge benefits, especially for jamming, improvisation and writing new parts to a song.", "By the end of this ear training focused series (no charts!), you'll be much clearer on what key is, how to identify and get into key quickly and how to use it to your benefit as a musician.", "A lot of music (including most classical and popular music) has a chord or note which can be considered \"home\" or the central point of the song. This is often called key center or just key.", "When we talk about a song being \"in the key of C major\", what we really mean is \"C major is home\".", "This home chord is called the tonic or 1 chord (numeral I for a major tonic or i for a minor tonic). Whatever the tonic is (C major, C minor, D major, D minor etc.), that is our key (and vice versa).", "So in any numerically written progression (e.g. 1 4 5, 2 5 1, 1 3 6 4), 1 always represents our tonic and key. The other numbers/chords aren't so important right now.", "For example, in the key of A major, our 1 chord would be... A major. If you're playing lead, you could start by trying A major pentatonic.", "In the key of E minor, our 1 chord would be... E minor. Again, for lead playing, start with E minor pentatonic.", "The other chords in a progression can be seen as the \"journey away from home\". Some songs use short journeys (i.e. one or two chords), others venture far from home and maybe even head to a new home (key change).", "Often, especially in pop and rock, the tonic chord is the first chord in the song. So there's a strong clue of the key of the song. But this isn't always reliable as sometimes the song will start \"away from home\". We'll cover these complications later.", "Grab your guitar and try to find the root of the chords in the audio track below as quick as you can. Simply use the low E string and play from the open E note up the frets, one by one, until you're confident the note matches the root of the chord being played. Each chord plays for around 15 seconds.", "As long as you know the notes on the fretboard, you'll be able to identify the note you're playing. This is the root of your key.", "The more you practice matching notes by ear like this, the more you develop the pitch recognition part of your brain. You'll be able to find notes/chords quicker and quicker.", "Try pausing the track and see if you can hold that chord in your head. Hum it to keep it going and then find it on your guitar.", "Once you can get the root, try to determine if the chord is major or minor (answers below). Again, it'll just take time to be able to distinguish between major and minor by ear. Usually, you'll go some way to picking this up when learning your first chords (for example, the difference between E major and E minor). Refocus on this distinction if you're still unsure.", "Answers: chord 1 = A major chord 2 = E minor chord 3 = C minor chord 4 = F# major chord 5 = D minor", "Be aware though that not all songs start on the tonic chord. Sometimes a song will start \"away from home\". The tonic chord will still be there, but it might be the 2nd, 3rd or 4th chord in the sequence. We'll come to this later.", "Learn How To instantly identify the chords in any given key... I highly recommend Jonathan Boettcher's crash course in guitar theory.", "As we approach the tonic there are often musical signposts, called cadences or hooks, that tell us we're about to return home. This is usually supported by some kind of musical tension that is then resolved as we return to the tonic.", "For a chord to have this tonic quality, and therefore establish the key, there needs to be resolution - a feeling that, if we finished on that chord, there'd be a sense of arrival, rest or completion.", "In those examples there were chords leading up to the tonic in several keys. Hopefully you could hear that sense of arrival when the resolution occurred. This is one of our \"key clues\"!", "Now take a listen to this famous Queen song, Somebody to Love. Skip to 0:48 where Freddie sings the line \"can anybody find me... somebody to love\". On that word \"love\" we feel like we've arrived home. The chord preceding it (the V chord, incidentally) was loaded with tension that supported the resolution...", "This resolution also helps us to identify the tonic chord and therefore confirm the key (using the chord matching method from earlier). Listen out for it in songs you know.", "Tension > resolution is arguably the most important function in tonal (western, popular) music. Even artists who have shunned music theory and the \"pop status quo\" have still managed to write songs that gravitate towards a key in this way.", "...that very feeling of unresolve reaffirms the integral role key plays in connecting music to our nervous system. Whether or not the resolution is there, we anticipate it. We feel it. It's almost as if this tension-resolution dynamic is in our DNA.", "Key is nothing more than a center of musical gravity - a point of resolution in a sequence. That's what we call a key center.", "In a chord progression, a key center can either be major or minor. A happy home or an unhappy home! Take a listen to this sequence resolving alternately to E minor and major (known as parallel keys)...", "When using power chords, which are neither major or minor, key is still determined by resolution. For example, take a listen to this riff in G...", "In a lot of metal, the tonic note will be the open 6th string (E, D, C, B, A, depending on the tuning).", "Once you can identify the tonic chord, based on this resolution feel, it's again just a case of finding the root and quality (major/minor) of that chord on the fretboard. This will tell you the song's key.", "You don't need to know about it, especially if you only intend to learn songs note for note or write your own music as a solo artist.", "But if you're planning on developing your improvisation skills, collaborating in some way with other musicians (e.g. jamming with a band), then key is the quickest way of communicating which notes can be used without wandering into unpleasant dissonance and clashing with what others are playing.", "It will also help you with transcribing music by ear. Once you can pick out the key, the other chords will often fall into place, or it will at least be a lot easier to find them through trial and error.", "Plus, when someone plays or sings out of key, you know about it! You know something is not quite right.", "Think of key as a guide in that respect. By knowing the key, you'll know where to position your scales (e.g. if the key is C major, a natural choice would be the C major scale or C major pentatonic), related chords/harmony, and everything will fall into place much more effortlessly.", "In the next part (coming soon), we'll delve deeper into how key works and how knowing the key can help you as a musician. For a deeper understanding of how key relates to other aspects of music theory (so you can tie it all together), I highly recommend Jonathan Boettcher's crash course in guitar theory." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Determine the Key of a Song by Ear\n\nBeginners Fretboard Chords Scales\n\nLead Rhythm Progressions Theory\n\nQuestions Advice Resources Blanks\n\nDonate Contact About\n\nHome > Advice / Theory > Key by Ear\n\n# How to Determine the Key of a Song by Ear\n\nKey is an often misunderstood musical function. But knowing the key of a song\nhas huge benefits, especially for jamming, improvisation and writing new parts\nto a song.\n\nBy the end of this ear training focused series (no charts!), you'll be much\nclearer on what key is, how to identify and get into key quickly and how to\nuse it to your benefit as a musician.\n\nLet's start by answering the obvious question...\n\n## What is key?\n\nA lot of music (including most classical and popular music) has a chord or\nnote which can be considered \"home\" or the central point of the song. This is\noften called key center or just key.\n\nWhen we talk about a song being \"in the key of C major\", what we really mean\nis \"C major is home\".\n\nThis home chord is called the tonic or 1 chord (numeral I for a major tonic or\ni for a minor tonic). Whatever the tonic is (C major, C minor, D major, D\nminor etc.), that is our key (and vice versa).\n\nSo in any numerically written progression (e.g. 1 4 5, 2 5 1, 1 3 6 4), 1\nalways represents our tonic and key. The other numbers/chords aren't so\nimportant right now.\n\nFor example, in the key of A major, our 1 chord would be... A major. If you're\nplaying lead, you could start by trying A major pentatonic.\n\nIn the key of E minor, our 1 chord would be... E minor. Again, for lead\nplaying, start with E minor pentatonic.\n\nThe other chords in a progression can be seen as the \"journey away from home\".\nSome songs use short journeys (i.e. one or two chords), others venture far\nfrom home and maybe even head to a new home (key change).\n\nOften, especially in pop and rock, the tonic chord is the first chord in the\nsong. So there's a strong clue of the key of the song. But this isn't always\nreliable as sometimes the song will start \"away from home\". We'll cover these\ncomplications later.\n\n## Finding and naming the tonic\n\nGrab your guitar and try to find the root of the chords in the audio track\nbelow as quick as you can. Simply use the low E string and play from the open\nE note up the frets, one by one, until you're confident the note matches the\nroot of the chord being played. Each chord plays for around 15 seconds.\n\nAs long as you know the notes on the fretboard, you'll be able to identify the\nnote you're playing. This is the root of your key.\n\nClick to hear (right click and \"save as\" to download)\n\nThe more you practice matching notes by ear like this, the more you develop\nthe pitch recognition part of your brain. You'll be able to find notes/chords\nquicker and quicker.\n\nTry pausing the track and see if you can hold that chord in your head. Hum it\nto keep it going and then find it on your guitar.\n\nOnce you can get the root, try to determine if the chord is major or minor\n(answers below). Again, it'll just take time to be able to distinguish between\nmajor and minor by ear. Usually, you'll go some way to picking this up when\nlearning your first chords (for example, the difference between E major and E\nminor). Refocus on this distinction if you're still unsure.\n\nAnswers: chord 1 = A major chord 2 = E minor chord 3 = C minor chord 4 = F#\nmajor chord 5 = D minor\n\nBe aware though that not all songs start on the tonic chord. Sometimes a song\nwill start \"away from home\". The tonic chord will still be there, but it might\nbe the 2nd, 3rd or 4th chord in the sequence. We'll come to this later.\n\nLearn How To instantly identify the chords in any given key... I highly\nrecommend Jonathan Boettcher's crash course in guitar theory. \n--- \n \n## Tension and resolution\n\nAs we approach the tonic there are often musical signposts, called cadences or\nhooks, that tell us we're about to return home. This is usually supported by\nsome kind of musical tension that is then resolved as we return to the tonic.\n\nFor a chord to have this tonic quality, and therefore establish the key, there\nneeds to be resolution - a feeling that, if we finished on that chord, there'd\nbe a sense of arrival, rest or completion.\n\nTension is often used to facilitate this resolution.\n\nListen to how resolution is used in these examples...\n\nMajor Key Minor Key\n\nIn those examples there were chords leading up to the tonic in several keys.\nHopefully you could hear that sense of arrival when the resolution occurred.\nThis is one of our \"key clues\"!\n\nNow take a listen to this famous Queen song, Somebody to Love. Skip to 0:48\nwhere Freddie sings the line \"can anybody find me... somebody to love\". On\nthat word \"love\" we feel like we've arrived home. The chord preceding it (the\nV chord, incidentally) was loaded with tension that supported the\nresolution...\n\nFast forward to 3:39 and you'll hear this tension chord being held for longer.\nBut again, we resolve eventually.\n\nThis resolution also helps us to identify the tonic chord and therefore\nconfirm the key (using the chord matching method from earlier). Listen out for\nit in songs you know.\n\nTension > resolution is arguably the most important function in tonal\n(western, popular) music. Even artists who have shunned music theory and the\n\"pop status quo\" have still managed to write songs that gravitate towards a\nkey in this way.\n\nWhy? Well, without wanting to get too bogged down in the science, simply\nbecause it makes us feel good.\n\nThat's not to say songs don't occasionally leave us hanging, but...\n\n...that very feeling of unresolve reaffirms the integral role key plays in\nconnecting music to our nervous system. Whether or not the resolution is\nthere, we anticipate it. We feel it. It's almost as if this tension-resolution\ndynamic is in our DNA.\n\nKey is nothing more than a center of musical gravity - a point of resolution\nin a sequence. That's what we call a key center.\n\nIn a chord progression, a key center can either be major or minor. A happy\nhome or an unhappy home! Take a listen to this sequence resolving alternately\nto E minor and major (known as parallel keys)...\n\nClick to hear\n\nWhen using power chords, which are neither major or minor, key is still\ndetermined by resolution. For example, take a listen to this riff in G...\n\nClick to hear\n\nIn a lot of metal, the tonic note will be the open 6th string (E, D, C, B, A,\ndepending on the tuning).\n\nOnce you can identify the tonic chord, based on this resolution feel, it's\nagain just a case of finding the root and quality (major/minor) of that chord\non the fretboard. This will tell you the song's key.\n\n## But why do guitarists need to know about key?\n\nYou don't need to know about it, especially if you only intend to learn songs\nnote for note or write your own music as a solo artist.\n\nBut if you're planning on developing your improvisation skills, collaborating\nin some way with other musicians (e.g. jamming with a band), then key is the\nquickest way of communicating which notes can be used without wandering into\nunpleasant dissonance and clashing with what others are playing.\n\nIt helps you find your bearings, a \"starting point\" on the fretboard.\n\nIt tells you what scale(s) will sound good in a solo.\n\nIt will also help you with transcribing music by ear. Once you can pick out\nthe key, the other chords will often fall into place, or it will at least be a\nlot easier to find them through trial and error.\n\nIt's a time saver in other words. You'll rely less on trial and error.\n\nPlus, when someone plays or sings out of key, you know about it! You know\nsomething is not quite right.\n\nThink of key as a guide in that respect. By knowing the key, you'll know where\nto position your scales (e.g. if the key is C major, a natural choice would be\nthe C major scale or C major pentatonic), related chords/harmony, and\neverything will fall into place much more effortlessly.\n\nIn the next part (coming soon), we'll delve deeper into how key works and how\nknowing the key can help you as a musician. For a deeper understanding of how\nkey relates to other aspects of music theory (so you can tie it all together),\nI highly recommend Jonathan Boettcher's crash course in guitar theory.\n\nWas this helpful?\n\nShare this with your fellow guitar enthusiasts...\n\nPlease support this site. I really appreciate it!\n\n|\n\nStay updated and learn more\n\nEnter your email below for more like this and grab your free Uncommon Chords\nbook... \n \n---|--- \n \nShare your thoughts...\n\nHave any questions, thoughts or ideas about this lesson? Let us know using the\ncomments form below.\n\nblog comments powered by Disqus\n\n^ Back to Top\n\nSubscribe - Help - Donate - About - Contact - Site Policies\n\nBy Mike Beatham Copyright © 2019 fretjam.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.idiotsguides.com:80/arts-and-entertainment/music-theory/music-theory-101-major-minor-diminished-and-augmented-chords/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161104140653/http://www.idiotsguides.com:80/arts-and-entertainment/music-theory/music-theory-101-major-minor-diminished-and-augmented-chords/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Articles for everyone, everywhere", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "The Complete Idiot's Guides | How to Articles for everyone, everywhere\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://method-behind-the-music.com/theory/scalesandkeys/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210721145729/https://method-behind-the-music.com/theory/scalesandkeys/", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Method Behind the Music", "passages": [ "A scale is a group of pitches (scale degrees) arranged in ascending order. These pitches span an octave. Diatonic scales are scales that include half and whole steps. The first and last note is the tonic. It is the most 'stable' note, or rather the easiest to find. Because of this, diatonic melodies often end on the diatonic note. The other notes in the scale also have names. The second note is the supertonic. The third is the mediant, halfway between the tonic and dominant. The fourth note is the subdominant. The fifth note is the dominant. The submediant is the sixth note. The subtonic is the seventh note in the natural minor scale. The seventh tone of the major, harmonic and melodic minor scales is called the leading tone if it is one half step lower than the tonic.", "The major scale consists of seven different pitches. There are half steps between the third and fourth and seventh and eighth scale degrees; whole steps exist between all other steps. Below is a the C major scale. The pattern of whole and half steps is the same for all major scales. By changing the first note, then using the pattern as a guide, you can construct any major scale. Likewise, if you know the pattern for any other scale, you can create them, too.", "These scales have seven different scale degrees. There are half steps between the second and third and the fifth and sixth degrees; whole steps exist between all other steps. Shown below is the A minor scale.", "This scale is the same as the natural minor scale, except the seventh step is raised a half step. There is now an interval of one half step between the seventh and eighth notes, and one and a half steps between the sixth and seventh notes. This is a harmonic A minor.", "This is another minor scale variation. In this scale, the sixth and seventh notes are each raised one half step. All the patterns to this point have been the same as one climbs and descends the scales. The melodic minor scale, however, ascends with the modifications noted above, but descends in the natural minor scale. This is a melodic A minor.", "Pentatonic scales, as their name suggests, have only five notes. To get from one end of the scale to the other, they require gaps of more than a half step.", "Scales that do not follow the interval patterns of the diatonic or pentatonic scales are called nondiatonic scales. Many nondiatonic scales have no identifiable tonic.", "The chromatic scale is a nondiatonic scale that consists of half steps only. Because each pitch is equidistant, there is no tonic. A whole tone scale is comprised of whole steps. Like the chromatic scale, it too has no tonic. The blues scale is a chromatic variant of the major scale. This scale contains flat thirds and sevenths which , alternate with normal thirds and sevenths. This , alternating creates the blues inflection.", "Scale patterns can be duplicated at any pitch. Rewriting the same scale pattern at a different pitch is called transposition. Thus, if you used the major scale pattern, but started at G, you would just have to count up according to the major scale pattern to transpose it. All the notes of a piece can be modified in this way, by finding a note's counterpart in the modified scale.", "Since some notes will always be sharp once transposed or in certain scales, it is sometimes helpful to place accidentals at the very beginning of a piece in order to modify all the notes of a certain pitch. Placing accidentals at the beginning of the music (as opposed to right beside a note) allows the accidentals to affect every note in the entire piece. So, placing a sharp on line F makes every F sharp. The arrangement of sharps and flats at the beginning of a piece of music is called a key signature.", "To help understand and remember key signatures, a chart called the circle of fifths can be used. On the outside are the major key names, separated by fifths. On the inside are the corresponding minor key names. In the middle is the number and position of the sharps or flats.", "There is a little trick to figuring out a key signature's name. When confronted with a key signature that consists of flats, look at the flat second from the far right. This flat is on the line or space the key signature is named after. One flat is F, since you can't go to the next -to-last flat. To find the name of a key signature with sharps, look at the sharp farthest to the right. The key signature is the note a half step above that last sharp.", "Key signatures can specify major or minor keys. To determine the name of a minor key, find the name of the key in major and then count backwards three half steps. Remember that sharps and flats affect names.", "In the middle ages, modes were used to organize the melodic and harmonic parts of music. From the 17th century until the 19th century, modes were not used as widely. Modes in this time were replaced by the major and minor scales. Modes, however, are still heard in contemporary music. Modes, created mainly by the churches, were the basis for most of western music. Curiously, in modes, the beginning tone is called the final, as opposed to the tonic as in other diatonic scales.", "Table of ModesName| Range| Final| Half Steps Are Between| Similar Scale ---|---|---|---|--- Dorian| D to D| D| 2-3, 6-7| Natural minor scale with raised sixth degree Phrygian| E to E| E| 1-2, 5-6| Natural minor scale with lowered second degree Lydian| F to F| F| 4-5, 7-8| Major scale with raised fourth degree Mixolydian| G to G| G| 3-4, 6-7| Major scale with lowered seventh degree Aeolian| A to A| A| 2-3, 5-6| Same as natural minor scale Ionian| C to C| C| 3-4, 7-8| Same as major scale Locrian| B to B| B| 1-2, 4-5| Natural minor with a lowered second and fifth degree.", "Modes may begin on any tone as long as the arrangements of half and whole steps remain the same. The identity of a transposed mode can be quickly determined since the final of each mode lies in the same relationship to the tonic of the major with the same key signature.", "Often, solfeggio is used to help with practicing. The solfeggio syllables are associated with the notes in a given scale. The syllable Do (pronounced dough, or doe), corresponds to the tonic. The next syllable (in ascending order) is Re (say 'ray'). Re corresponds to the supertonic. Mi (say 'me') is the next syllable. Mi corresponds to the mediant. Fa (long a) comes next, corresponding to the subdominant. Sol (say 'so') is the syllable that corresponds to the dominant. La (long a) is the syllable that corresponds to the submediant. Ti (say 'tea') corresponds to the leading tone.", "Do - a fist that is held straight. Ti is index finger pointing up and the thumb and middle ring finger and pinkie are all touching (the same as for sign language T). La is all four fingers and thumb facing the ground and the wrist is bent down as well. Sol is the thumb facing the ceiling the rest of the hand is out straight. Fa is a thumbs down. Mi is the hand held flat. Re is a flat hand help up straight out and then raised to about a 30 degree angle. Both Mi and Re have palm side down. Do is the fist sign again.", "The table above shows the hand signs that correspond to the solfeggio syllables. The hand signs start with the lower tonic at about waist level. Each successive hand sign is a little higher than the last. The second tonic ends a little above eye level.", "Solfeggio is a good practice tool. Since it is fairly generic, it can be used with a variety of scales. Pentatonic scales consists of five tones, and therefore Fa and Ti aren't used.", "Ri is the accidental between Re and Mi. Ri looks just like Re, but the pointer finger in Ri is lifted away from the other fingers.", "Si is an open hand, palm towards the chest and the wrist tilted up. Si is between Sol and La" ] }, "parsed_md": "Scales and Key Signatures - The Method Behind the Music\n\n## The Method Behind The Music\n\n * Welcome\n * Music Theory\n\n * Music Dictionary\n * Musical Notation\n * Intervals\n * Scales and Key Signatures\n * Tablature (TAB)\n * Mechanics of Music\n\n * How Instruments Work\n\n * Brass\n * Woodwinds\n * Strings\n * Percussion\n * The Physics of Sound\n * Styles and History of Music\n\n * Styles of Music\n * The History of Music\n * Famous Composers\n * Conducting\n\n * Introduction to Conducting\n * Basic Patterns\n * Advanced Patterns\n * Important Extras\n * Tips and Hints\n * Flash Piano\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n\n## Scales and Key Signatures\n\nOur Flash Keyboard can help your understanding of this area.\n\nHere is a list of all the topic on this page:\n\n * Scales\n * Transposition\n * Key Signatures\n * Modes\n * Solfeggio\n\n## Scales\n\nA scale is a group of pitches (scale degrees) arranged in ascending order.\nThese pitches span an octave. Diatonic scales are scales that include half and\nwhole steps. The first and last note is the tonic. It is the most 'stable'\nnote, or rather the easiest to find. Because of this, diatonic melodies often\nend on the diatonic note. The other notes in the scale also have names. The\nsecond note is the supertonic. The third is the mediant, halfway between the\ntonic and dominant. The fourth note is the subdominant. The fifth note is the\ndominant. The submediant is the sixth note. The subtonic is the seventh note\nin the natural minor scale. The seventh tone of the major, harmonic and\nmelodic minor scales is called the leading tone if it is one half step lower\nthan the tonic.\n\n### The Major Scale\n\nThe major scale consists of seven different pitches. There are half steps\nbetween the third and fourth and seventh and eighth scale degrees; whole steps\nexist between all other steps. Below is a the C major scale. The pattern of\nwhole and half steps is the same for all major scales. By changing the first\nnote, then using the pattern as a guide, you can construct any major scale.\nLikewise, if you know the pattern for any other scale, you can create them,\ntoo.\n\n### The Natural Minor Scales\n\nThese scales have seven different scale degrees. There are half steps between\nthe second and third and the fifth and sixth degrees; whole steps exist\nbetween all other steps. Shown below is the A minor scale.\n\n### The Harmonic Minor Scale\n\nThis scale is the same as the natural minor scale, except the seventh step is\nraised a half step. There is now an interval of one half step between the\nseventh and eighth notes, and one and a half steps between the sixth and\nseventh notes. This is a harmonic A minor.\n\n### The Melodic Minor Scale\n\nThis is another minor scale variation. In this scale, the sixth and seventh\nnotes are each raised one half step. All the patterns to this point have been\nthe same as one climbs and descends the scales. The melodic minor scale,\nhowever, ascends with the modifications noted above, but descends in the\nnatural minor scale. This is a melodic A minor.\n\n### Pentatonic Scales\n\nPentatonic scales, as their name suggests, have only five notes. To get from\none end of the scale to the other, they require gaps of more than a half step.\n\nScales that do not follow the interval patterns of the diatonic or pentatonic\nscales are called nondiatonic scales. Many nondiatonic scales have no\nidentifiable tonic.\n\nThe chromatic scale is a nondiatonic scale that consists of half steps only.\nBecause each pitch is equidistant, there is no tonic. A whole tone scale is\ncomprised of whole steps. Like the chromatic scale, it too has no tonic. The\nblues scale is a chromatic variant of the major scale. This scale contains\nflat thirds and sevenths which , alternate with normal thirds and sevenths.\nThis , alternating creates the blues inflection.\n\n## Transposition\n\nScale patterns can be duplicated at any pitch. Rewriting the same scale\npattern at a different pitch is called transposition. Thus, if you used the\nmajor scale pattern, but started at G, you would just have to count up\naccording to the major scale pattern to transpose it. All the notes of a piece\ncan be modified in this way, by finding a note's counterpart in the modified\nscale.\n\nSince some notes will always be sharp once transposed or in certain scales, it\nis sometimes helpful to place accidentals at the very beginning of a piece in\norder to modify all the notes of a certain pitch. Placing accidentals at the\nbeginning of the music (as opposed to right beside a note) allows the\naccidentals to affect every note in the entire piece. So, placing a sharp on\nline F makes every F sharp. The arrangement of sharps and flats at the\nbeginning of a piece of music is called a key signature.\n\n## Key Signatures\n\nTo help understand and remember key signatures, a chart called the circle of\nfifths can be used. On the outside are the major key names, separated by\nfifths. On the inside are the corresponding minor key names. In the middle is\nthe number and position of the sharps or flats.\n\nThere is a little trick to figuring out a key signature's name. When\nconfronted with a key signature that consists of flats, look at the flat\nsecond from the far right. This flat is on the line or space the key signature\nis named after. One flat is F, since you can't go to the next -to-last flat.\nTo find the name of a key signature with sharps, look at the sharp farthest to\nthe right. The key signature is the note a half step above that last sharp.\n\nKey signatures can specify major or minor keys. To determine the name of a\nminor key, find the name of the key in major and then count backwards three\nhalf steps. Remember that sharps and flats affect names.\n\n## Modes\n\nIn the middle ages, modes were used to organize the melodic and harmonic parts\nof music. From the 17th century until the 19th century, modes were not used as\nwidely. Modes in this time were replaced by the major and minor scales. Modes,\nhowever, are still heard in contemporary music. Modes, created mainly by the\nchurches, were the basis for most of western music. Curiously, in modes, the\nbeginning tone is called the final, as opposed to the tonic as in other\ndiatonic scales.\n\nTable of ModesName| Range| Final| Half Steps Are Between| Similar Scale \n---|---|---|---|--- \nDorian| D to D| D| 2-3, 6-7| Natural minor scale with raised sixth degree \nPhrygian| E to E| E| 1-2, 5-6| Natural minor scale with lowered second degree \nLydian| F to F| F| 4-5, 7-8| Major scale with raised fourth degree \nMixolydian| G to G| G| 3-4, 6-7| Major scale with lowered seventh degree \nAeolian| A to A| A| 2-3, 5-6| Same as natural minor scale \nIonian| C to C| C| 3-4, 7-8| Same as major scale \nLocrian| B to B| B| 1-2, 4-5| Natural minor with a lowered second and fifth\ndegree. \n \nModes may begin on any tone as long as the arrangements of half and whole\nsteps remain the same. The identity of a transposed mode can be quickly\ndetermined since the final of each mode lies in the same relationship to the\ntonic of the major with the same key signature.\n\n 1. The final of the Dorian mode is always the second degree of the major scale.\n 2. The final of the Phrygian mode is always the third degree of a major scale.\n 3. The final of the Lydian mode is always the fourth degree of a major scale.\n 4. The final of the Mixolydian mode is always the fifth degree of a major scale.\n 5. The final of the Aeolian mode is always the sixth degree of a major scale.\n 6. The final of the Ionian mode is always the first degree of a major scale.\n 7. Locrian modes are rarely used.\n\n## Solfeggio\n\nOften, solfeggio is used to help with practicing. The solfeggio syllables are\nassociated with the notes in a given scale. The syllable Do (pronounced dough,\nor doe), corresponds to the tonic. The next syllable (in ascending order) is\nRe (say 'ray'). Re corresponds to the supertonic. Mi (say 'me') is the next\nsyllable. Mi corresponds to the mediant. Fa (long a) comes next, corresponding\nto the subdominant. Sol (say 'so') is the syllable that corresponds to the\ndominant. La (long a) is the syllable that corresponds to the submediant. Ti\n(say 'tea') corresponds to the leading tone.\n\nThis table shows the solfeggio syllables and corresponding hand signs in\ndescending order.\n\nDo - a fist that is held straight. Ti is index finger pointing up and the\nthumb and middle ring finger and pinkie are all touching (the same as for sign\nlanguage T). La is all four fingers and thumb facing the ground and the wrist\nis bent down as well. Sol is the thumb facing the ceiling the rest of the hand\nis out straight. Fa is a thumbs down. Mi is the hand held flat. Re is a flat\nhand help up straight out and then raised to about a 30 degree angle. Both Mi\nand Re have palm side down. Do is the fist sign again.\n\nThe table above shows the hand signs that correspond to the solfeggio\nsyllables. The hand signs start with the lower tonic at about waist level.\nEach successive hand sign is a little higher than the last. The second tonic\nends a little above eye level.\n\nSolfeggio is a good practice tool. Since it is fairly generic, it can be used\nwith a variety of scales. Pentatonic scales consists of five tones, and\ntherefore Fa and Ti aren't used.\n\nThere are also solfeggio accidentals. These accidentals are shown and listed\nin the chart below.\n\nDi is the accidental above Do. To make Di, make the fist for Do and lift the\nwrist up.\n\nRi is the accidental between Re and Mi. Ri looks just like Re, but the pointer\nfinger in Ri is lifted away from the other fingers.\n\nFi is between Fa and Sol. Fi is a thumbs up.\n\nSi is an open hand, palm towards the chest and the wrist tilted up. Si is\nbetween Sol and La\n\nTa is like Ti, but the finger is pointed down. Ta is between La and Ti.\n\nCopyright © 1999-2017 Benjamin Hollis\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://musictheoryfundamentals.com/MusicTheory/intervals_part1.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211208041144/http://musictheoryfundamentals.com/MusicTheory/intervals_part1.php", "parsed_text": { "title": "Intervals (Part 1): Whole & Half Steps", "passages": [ "An interval is the distance between two notes. In this lesson, we will only learn about the half and whole step intervals. Since we haven't learned key signatures yet, we'll relate them to the key of C Major, which has no sharps or flats. The C Major scale starts from C and ends at C.", "This is a major scale in the key of C Major. We'll discuss the difference between Major and minor scales, as well as other scales/modes, at a later time. For now we are only considering Major scales.", "Imagine a piano. The distance from B to C is a half step because no other notes fall between them. The distance from A to B, however, is a whole step because it consists of two half steps.", "Each note is a certain distance apart from the next, and they form a pattern that repeats. All Major scales follow this exact pattern: W W H W W W H (whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half). The distance between the first two notes in a Major scale is a whole step. The distance between the 3rd and 4th notes and the 7th and 8th notes are half steps. Those are the two naturally occuring half steps in a major scale.", "In a major scale, there are two naturally occuring half steps. In the key of C Major, those two half steps are between B & C and E & F.", "Remember from the last lesson that accidentals raise or lower notes by half steps. The interval between E and F is a naturally occuring half step, but if we raised F to F#, we then make the distance further apart. The distance between E and F# is now a whole step because it consists of two half steps (E to F and F to F#).", "The interval between B and C is also a naturally occuring half step. If we lower the B to B flat, we make the interval larger by increasing the distance between the two notes by half step, which now makes the interval a whole step.", "The interval between G and A is a whole step because it consists of two half steps (G to A flat and A flat to A).", "Several notes share the same pitch but have different names. For example, A flat is the same pitch as G sharp, and C sharp is the same pitch as D flat. Typically, you would call the half step between C and D a C sharp if there is a C sharp in the key signature or a D flat if there is a D flat in the key signature.", "Here are a few examples, just to help the concept sink in. Remember that the naturally occuring half steps are between B & C and E & F.", "This is a whole step. Why? Because it consists of two half steps. If you look at a keyboard, you can see that there is a note in between these two notes.", "This interval is a half step. Why? The distance from F to G is a whole step, but raising the F to F# makes the interval smaller, which turns it into a half step. Here's how it looks on the keyboard:", "This one is a little tricky. Remember that B to C is a naturally occuring half step, so lowering the B to B flat makes the interval half step larger, which makes this interval a whole step. Here's how it looks on the keyboard:", "If you or someone you know would like to author some of the tutorials, please let me know by sending a message to me via the feedback form. To author a tutorial or quiz, only written content is needed. Graphics and audio will be created by me based on your instructions. Authors are compensated. For questions, please ask via the feedback form.", "Your feedback is valuable! Feel free to tell me what you think about the topics covered or give ideas for new tutorials that you would like to see added." ] }, "parsed_md": "Intervals (Part 1): Whole & Half Steps | Music Theory Tutorials\n\n# Intervals (Part 1): Whole & Half Steps\n\nAn interval is the distance between two notes. In this lesson, we will only\nlearn about the half and whole step intervals. Since we haven't learned key\nsignatures yet, we'll relate them to the key of C Major, which has no sharps\nor flats. The C Major scale starts from C and ends at C.\n\nThis is a major scale in the key of C Major. We'll discuss the difference\nbetween Major and minor scales, as well as other scales/modes, at a later\ntime. For now we are only considering Major scales.\n\nImagine a piano. The distance from B to C is a half step because no other\nnotes fall between them. The distance from A to B, however, is a whole step\nbecause it consists of two half steps.\n\n## Naturally Occuring Half Steps\n\nEach note is a certain distance apart from the next, and they form a pattern\nthat repeats. All Major scales follow this exact pattern: W W H W W W H\n(whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half). The distance between the\nfirst two notes in a Major scale is a whole step. The distance between the 3rd\nand 4th notes and the 7th and 8th notes are half steps. Those are the two\nnaturally occuring half steps in a major scale.\n\nIn a major scale, there are two naturally occuring half steps. In the key of C\nMajor, those two half steps are between B & C and E & F.\n\n## Adding Accidentals\n\nRemember from the last lesson that accidentals raise or lower notes by half\nsteps. The interval between E and F is a naturally occuring half step, but if\nwe raised F to F#, we then make the distance further apart. The distance\nbetween E and F# is now a whole step because it consists of two half steps (E\nto F and F to F#).\n\nThe interval between B and C is also a naturally occuring half step. If we\nlower the B to B flat, we make the interval larger by increasing the distance\nbetween the two notes by half step, which now makes the interval a whole step.\n\nThe interval between G and A is a whole step because it consists of two half\nsteps (G to A flat and A flat to A).\n\n### Same Pitch, Different Note Name\n\nSeveral notes share the same pitch but have different names. For example, A\nflat is the same pitch as G sharp, and C sharp is the same pitch as D flat.\nTypically, you would call the half step between C and D a C sharp if there is\na C sharp in the key signature or a D flat if there is a D flat in the key\nsignature.\n\n## More Examples\n\nHere are a few examples, just to help the concept sink in. Remember that the\nnaturally occuring half steps are between B & C and E & F.\n\n### A to B\n\nThis is a whole step. Why? Because it consists of two half steps. If you look\nat a keyboard, you can see that there is a note in between these two notes.\n\n### F# to G\n\nThis interval is a half step. Why? The distance from F to G is a whole step,\nbut raising the F to F# makes the interval smaller, which turns it into a half\nstep. Here's how it looks on the keyboard:\n\n### B flat to C\n\nThis one is a little tricky. Remember that B to C is a naturally occuring half\nstep, so lowering the B to B flat makes the interval half step larger, which\nmakes this interval a whole step. Here's how it looks on the keyboard:\n\n# Authors Wanted\n\nIf you or someone you know would like to author some of the tutorials, please\nlet me know by sending a message to me via the feedback form. To author a\ntutorial or quiz, only written content is needed. Graphics and audio will be\ncreated by me based on your instructions. Authors are compensated. For\nquestions, please ask via the feedback form.\n\n# What do you think?\n\nYour feedback is valuable! Feel free to tell me what you think about the\ntopics covered or give ideas for new tutorials that you would like to see\nadded.\n\nLeave Feedback\n\nHome | Feedback\n\n© 2012 Music Theory Tutorials\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.hooktheory.com/blog/i-analyzed-the-chords-of-1300-popular-songs-for-patterns-this-is-what-i-found/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210925082547/https://www.hooktheory.com/blog/i-analyzed-the-chords-of-1300-popular-songs-for-patterns-this-is-what-i-found/", "parsed_text": { "title": "I analyzed the chords of 1300 popular songs for patterns. This is what I found. – The Hooktheory Blog", "passages": [ "For many people, listening to music elicits such an emotional response that the idea of dredging it for statistics and structure can seem odd or even misguided. But knowing these patterns can give one a deeper more fundamental sense for how music works; for me this makes listening to music a lot more interesting. Of course, if you play an instrument or want to write songs, being aware of these things is obviously of great practical importance.", "In this article, we’ll look at the statistics gathered from 1300 choruses, verses, etc. of popular songs to discover the answer to a few basic questions. First we’ll look at the relative popularity of different chords based on the frequency that they appear in the chord progressions of popular music. Then we’ll begin to look at the relationship that different chords have with one another. For example, if a chord is found in a song, what can we say about the probability for what the next chord will be that comes after it?", "To make quantitative statements about music you need to have data; lots of it. Guitar tab websites have tons of information about the chord progressions that songs use, but the quality is not very high. Just as important, the information is not in a format suitable for gathering statistics. So, over the past 2 years we’ve been slowly and painstakingly building up a database of songs taken mainly from the billboard 100 and analyzing them 1 at a time. At the moment the database of songs has over 1300 entries indexed. The genre and where they are taken from is important. This is an analysis of mainly “popular” music, not jazz or classical, so the results are not meant to be treated as universal. If you’re interested, you can check out the database here. The entries contain raw information about the chords and melody, while throwing out information about the arrangement and instrumentation.", "We can use the information in the song database to answer all sorts of questions. In this introductory post, I’ll look at a few interesting preliminary results, but we invite you to propose your own questions in the comments at the end of the article.", "This seems like such a basic question, but the answer doesn’t actually tell us much because songs are written in different keys. A song written in the key of C♯ will have lots of C# chords in it, while a song written in G will probably have lots of G‘s. That G chords are more popular than C♯ chords is likely only a reflection of the fact that it’s easier to play on the guitar and piano. So instead of answering this meaningless question, I’ll answer the slightly more interesting one of, what keys are most popular for the songs in the database?", "C (and its relative minor, A) are the most common by far. After that there is a general trend favoring key signatures with less sharps and flats but this is not universal. E♭ with three flats, for instance, is slightly (though not statistically significantly) more common than F with only one flat. B♭ only has two flats but is way at the end of the popularity scale with only 4% of songs using that as the key.", "It’s much more interesting to look at songs written in a single common key. That way direct comparisons are possible and more illuminating. We transposed every song in the database to be in the key of C to make them directly comparable. Then we looked at the number of chord progressions that contained a given chord. Below we’ve plotted the relative frequency that different chords occurred in descending order.", "As expected, C major is a very common chord for songs written in C (it’s the I chord in Roman numeral or Nashville Number notation), but F major and G major (the IV and V respectively) are used just as often. Interestingly, F and G actually show up in more chord progressions than C! C major is the tonal center and one might expect it to be ubiquitous, but it turns out to be pretty common to omit this chord in some sections of a song for effect. “My Heart Will Go On” by Celine Dion is one of many examples in the database that exhibit this behavior. Clicking on the above link will take you to the song’s entry in the database and show you that of the two sections that were analyzed (the chorus, and the verse), only one contains a C.", "The A minor chord is the next most popular, but after that there is a significant drop off in use. If you’ve ever heard someone complain about the “four chord pop song”, this is what they are talking about.", "Why are A minor chords so popular but A major chords practically non existent? There won’t always be easy answers, but in this case these results can easily be explained with some basic music theory. A discussion of this is out of the scope of this post, but we’ll definitely explore the music theory behind this in future articles.", "Even if you don’t know the music theory behind this yet, there is a lot of practical information to take away. If your song is written in C and you want it to sound good, you probably shouldn’t use any A major chords unless you really know what you’re doing. Better stick with A minor, for example.", "The team over at Apple, Inc. evidently know their music theory. Their latest version of GarageBand lets you play with “Smart Instruments” that “make you sound like an expert musician... even if you’ve never player a note before.”", "In particular, Bdim, while diatonic in C, is much less common than some other chords, like D, and E. Perhaps in the next version of garageband, Apple will fix this (they really should).", "However, overall Apple is making good choices for the chords that the average “garage band musician” might want to start with.", "The previous question took an overall look at the relative popularity of different chords, but we can also look at the relationship that different chords have to one another. For example, a great question to ask is, if a song happens to use a particular chord, what chord is most likely to come next? Is it random, or will certain chords sound better than others and thus be more likely to show up in the popular songs that make up our database?", "There are a lot of relationships to analyze, but we’ll start it off by looking at just one for now: For songs written in C, what chords are most likely to come after an E minor chord? The relative popularity of what the next chord will be is shown below:", "This result is striking. If you write a song in C with an E minor in it, you should probably think very hard if you want to put a chord that is anything other than A minor or F major after the E minor. For the songs in the database, 93% of the time one of these two chords came next!", "There are lot of interesting questions to ask, and we want to know what is most interesting to you. Let us know in the comments below.", "I analyzed the chords to 1300 songs for patterns. This is what I found. (Part 3) Interactive Discovery March 13, 2013", "Part 2: I analyzed the chords of 1300 popular songs for patterns. This is what I found. June 27, 2012", "Hooktheory’s innovative musical sketchpad, Hookpad, simplifies songwriting by helping you choose chords that sound good together and guiding you to write amazing melodies.", "Hooktheory’s best-selling interactive books for iOS, Android, and web, Hooktheory I and Hooktheory II, teach music theory and songwriting concepts in a simple, intuitive way, without sheet music. Hooktheory I and Hooktheory II concretely teach you how to craft melodies and chord progressions like professional musicians, and gain a deep understanding and intuition for how music works.", "Hooktheory’s educational music format, TheoryTab, shows you the function of the chords and melody within a song so you can easily see patterns and themes between different songs, even in different keys.", "I analyzed the chords to 1300 songs for patterns. This is what I found. (Part 3) Interactive Discovery March 13, 2013", "Part 2: I analyzed the chords of 1300 popular songs for patterns. This is what I found. June 27, 2012" ] }, "parsed_md": "I analyzed the chords of 1300 popular songs for patterns. This is what I\nfound. – The Hooktheory Blog\n\nHooktheory\n\nLearn More\n\nSkip to content\n\nThe Hooktheory Blog\n\nWrite the music you always wished you could.\n\n# I analyzed the chords of 1300 popular songs for patterns. This is what I\nfound.\n\nFor many people, listening to music elicits such an emotional response that\nthe idea of dredging it for statistics and structure can seem odd or even\nmisguided. But knowing these patterns can give one a deeper more fundamental\nsense for how music works; for me this makes listening to music a lot more\ninteresting. Of course, if you play an instrument or want to write songs,\nbeing aware of these things is obviously of great practical importance.\n\nIn this article, we’ll look at the statistics gathered from 1300 choruses,\nverses, etc. of popular songs to discover the answer to a few basic questions.\nFirst we’ll look at the relative popularity of different chords based on the\nfrequency that they appear in the chord progressions of popular music. Then\nwe’ll begin to look at the relationship that different chords have with one\nanother. For example, if a chord is found in a song, what can we say about the\nprobability for what the next chord will be that comes after it?\n\n## The Database\n\nTo make quantitative statements about music you need to have data; lots of it.\nGuitar tab websites have tons of information about the chord progressions that\nsongs use, but the quality is not very high. Just as important, the\ninformation is not in a format suitable for gathering statistics. So, over the\npast 2 years we’ve been slowly and painstakingly building up a database of\nsongs taken mainly from the billboard 100 and analyzing them 1 at a time. At\nthe moment the database of songs has over 1300 entries indexed. The genre and\nwhere they are taken from is important. This is an analysis of mainly\n“popular” music, not jazz or classical, so the results are not meant to be\ntreated as universal. If you’re interested, you can check out the database\nhere. The entries contain raw information about the chords and melody, while\nthrowing out information about the arrangement and instrumentation.\n\nWe can use the information in the song database to answer all sorts of\nquestions. In this introductory post, I’ll look at a few interesting\npreliminary results, but we invite you to propose your own questions in the\ncomments at the end of the article.\n\nLet’s get started.\n\n## Are some chords more commonly used than others?\n\nThis seems like such a basic question, but the answer doesn’t actually tell us\nmuch because songs are written in different keys. A song written in the key of\nC♯ will have lots of C# chords in it, while a song written in G will probably\nhave lots of G‘s. That G chords are more popular than C♯ chords is likely only\na reflection of the fact that it’s easier to play on the guitar and piano. So\ninstead of answering this meaningless question, I’ll answer the slightly more\ninteresting one of, what keys are most popular for the songs in the database?\n\nMost popular keys in music\n\nC (and its relative minor, A) are the most common by far. After that there is\na general trend favoring key signatures with less sharps and flats but this is\nnot universal. E♭ with three flats, for instance, is slightly (though not\nstatistically significantly) more common than F with only one flat. B♭ only\nhas two flats but is way at the end of the popularity scale with only 4% of\nsongs using that as the key.\n\n## What are the most common chords? Part 2\n\nIt’s much more interesting to look at songs written in a single common key.\nThat way direct comparisons are possible and more illuminating. We transposed\nevery song in the database to be in the key of C to make them directly\ncomparable. Then we looked at the number of chord progressions that contained\na given chord. Below we’ve plotted the relative frequency that different\nchords occurred in descending order.\n\nChord use when all songs are transposed to the key of C major\n\nAs expected, C major is a very common chord for songs written in C (it’s the I\nchord in Roman numeral or Nashville Number notation), but F major and G major\n(the IV and V respectively) are used just as often. Interestingly, F and G\nactually show up in more chord progressions than C! C major is the tonal\ncenter and one might expect it to be ubiquitous, but it turns out to be pretty\ncommon to omit this chord in some sections of a song for effect. “My Heart\nWill Go On” by Celine Dion is one of many examples in the database that\nexhibit this behavior. Clicking on the above link will take you to the song’s\nentry in the database and show you that of the two sections that were analyzed\n(the chorus, and the verse), only one contains a C.\n\nThe A minor chord is the next most popular, but after that there is a\nsignificant drop off in use. If you’ve ever heard someone complain about the\n“four chord pop song”, this is what they are talking about.\n\n## Is there a reasonable explanation for the relative popularity of certain\nchords?\n\nWhy are A minor chords so popular but A major chords practically non existent?\nThere won’t always be easy answers, but in this case these results can easily\nbe explained with some basic music theory. A discussion of this is out of the\nscope of this post, but we’ll definitely explore the music theory behind this\nin future articles.\n\nEven if you don’t know the music theory behind this yet, there is a lot of\npractical information to take away. If your song is written in C and you want\nit to sound good, you probably shouldn’t use any A major chords unless you\nreally know what you’re doing. Better stick with A minor, for example.\n\nThe team over at Apple, Inc. evidently know their music theory. Their latest\nversion of GarageBand lets you play with “Smart Instruments” that “make you\nsound like an expert musician... even if you’ve never player a note before.”\n\nI’m skeptical of their claims, but look at the chords they’ve chosen for these\n“Smart Instruments”:\n\nGarage Band “Smart Instruments”\n\nDon’t those chords look familiar? Based on what our database is showing, I\nmight suggest some small changes.\n\nIn particular, Bdim, while diatonic in C, is much less common than some other\nchords, like D, and E. Perhaps in the next version of garageband, Apple will\nfix this (they really should).\n\nHowever, overall Apple is making good choices for the chords that the average\n“garage band musician” might want to start with.\n\n## If a song happens to use a particular chord, what chord is most likely to\ncome next?\n\nThe previous question took an overall look at the relative popularity of\ndifferent chords, but we can also look at the relationship that different\nchords have to one another. For example, a great question to ask is, if a song\nhappens to use a particular chord, what chord is most likely to come next? Is\nit random, or will certain chords sound better than others and thus be more\nlikely to show up in the popular songs that make up our database?\n\nThere are a lot of relationships to analyze, but we’ll start it off by looking\nat just one for now: For songs written in C, what chords are most likely to\ncome after an E minor chord? The relative popularity of what the next chord\nwill be is shown below:\n\nChords most likely to come after E minor\n\nThis result is striking. If you write a song in C with an E minor in it, you\nshould probably think very hard if you want to put a chord that is anything\nother than A minor or F major after the E minor. For the songs in the\ndatabase, 93% of the time one of these two chords came next!\n\nThere are lot of interesting questions to ask, and we want to know what is\nmost interesting to you. Let us know in the comments below.\n\nOther posts in the 1300 song series\n\n * I analyzed the chords of 1300 popular songs for patterns. This is what I found. (Part 2)\n * I analyzed the chords of 1300 popular songs for patterns. This is what I found. (Part 3: Interactive Discovery)\n\nAuthor Dave CarltonPosted on June 6, 2012November 15, 2019Categories Popular\nSong Statistics\n\n## Posts\n\n * The Hookpad Sound Caption Contest #2: July 2021 July 8, 2021\n * The Hookpad Sound Caption Contest January 19, 2021\n * 5 Tips for Using Hookpad on iPad in 2020 September 9, 2020\n * 5 New Ways to Upgrade Your Chord Progressions March 18, 2020\n * How to write a chord progression in 3 levels of complexity December 9, 2019\n * Introducing Hookpad 2.8: Instrument Caching, Offline Support, and Hookpad Now Installable as a Chrome App on Mac and Windows. November 7, 2019\n * Introducing Hookpad 2.7: Improved Recording And New Note/Chord Preview Mode September 11, 2019\n * Introducing Hookpad 2.6: Quick Preview For Chord Suggestions, 15 New Electronic Instruments, 2.5x More Responsive, and 20% Faster App Launch August 22, 2019\n * Introducing Hookpad 2.1: Improvements to Exporting, Band Editing, Magic Chord, Bass Collections, and Support for Pickups September 20, 2018\n * Introducing Hookpad 2: A Musical Sketchpad With Music Theory Built In August 8, 2018\n * Hooktheory Founders Talk About Their Inspiration for Teaching Music and More on Musical-U Podcast March 8, 2018\n * Pedal Harmony: (Hooktheory I excerpt) March 21, 2017\n * Easy Ear Training’s In-Depth Review of Hooktheory’s Books December 8, 2016\n * Automatically Turn a Major Song Into Minor and Hear How it Sounds August 24, 2016\n * Introducing Hookpad Instruments and Mixing March 6, 2015\n * Introducing Hookpad Plus August 27, 2014\n * Hooktheory Featured on WHYY Radio Times with Marty Moss-Coane August 13, 2014\n * Hooktheory Interviewed by Easy Ear Training June 12, 2013\n * Screenwriter John August’s Hooktheory Review March 20, 2013\n * I analyzed the chords to 1300 songs for patterns. This is what I found. (Part 3) Interactive Discovery March 13, 2013\n * Updates: Mode Support, Time Signatures, and Looping January 3, 2013\n * A statistical study of inversions (slash chords) in popular music. October 30, 2012\n * In Defense of Popular Music: Why Reports of its Death are Greatly Exaggerated October 10, 2012\n * What do the chords of a patriotic classic have in common with some popular hits? July 3, 2012\n * Part 2: I analyzed the chords of 1300 popular songs for patterns. This is what I found. June 27, 2012\n\n## About Hooktheory\n\nHooktheory creates software and books that can help you write amazing music.\n\nHooktheory’s innovative musical sketchpad, Hookpad, simplifies songwriting by\nhelping you choose chords that sound good together and guiding you to write\namazing melodies.\n\nHooktheory’s best-selling interactive books for iOS, Android, and web,\nHooktheory I and Hooktheory II, teach music theory and songwriting concepts in\na simple, intuitive way, without sheet music. Hooktheory I and Hooktheory II\nconcretely teach you how to craft melodies and chord progressions like\nprofessional musicians, and gain a deep understanding and intuition for how\nmusic works.\n\nHooktheory’s educational music format, TheoryTab, shows you the function of\nthe chords and melody within a song so you can easily see patterns and themes\nbetween different songs, even in different keys.\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n * The Hookpad Sound Caption Contest #2: July 2021 July 8, 2021\n * The Hookpad Sound Caption Contest January 19, 2021\n * 5 Tips for Using Hookpad on iPad in 2020 September 9, 2020\n * 5 New Ways to Upgrade Your Chord Progressions March 18, 2020\n * How to write a chord progression in 3 levels of complexity December 9, 2019\n * Introducing Hookpad 2.8: Instrument Caching, Offline Support, and Hookpad Now Installable as a Chrome App on Mac and Windows. November 7, 2019\n * Introducing Hookpad 2.7: Improved Recording And New Note/Chord Preview Mode September 11, 2019\n * Introducing Hookpad 2.6: Quick Preview For Chord Suggestions, 15 New Electronic Instruments, 2.5x More Responsive, and 20% Faster App Launch August 22, 2019\n * Introducing Hookpad 2.1: Improvements to Exporting, Band Editing, Magic Chord, Bass Collections, and Support for Pickups September 20, 2018\n * Introducing Hookpad 2: A Musical Sketchpad With Music Theory Built In August 8, 2018\n * Hooktheory Founders Talk About Their Inspiration for Teaching Music and More on Musical-U Podcast March 8, 2018\n * Pedal Harmony: (Hooktheory I excerpt) March 21, 2017\n * Easy Ear Training’s In-Depth Review of Hooktheory’s Books December 8, 2016\n * Automatically Turn a Major Song Into Minor and Hear How it Sounds August 24, 2016\n * Introducing Hookpad Instruments and Mixing March 6, 2015\n * Introducing Hookpad Plus August 27, 2014\n * Hooktheory Featured on WHYY Radio Times with Marty Moss-Coane August 13, 2014\n * Hooktheory Interviewed by Easy Ear Training June 12, 2013\n * Screenwriter John August’s Hooktheory Review March 20, 2013\n * I analyzed the chords to 1300 songs for patterns. This is what I found. (Part 3) Interactive Discovery March 13, 2013\n * Updates: Mode Support, Time Signatures, and Looping January 3, 2013\n * A statistical study of inversions (slash chords) in popular music. October 30, 2012\n * In Defense of Popular Music: Why Reports of its Death are Greatly Exaggerated October 10, 2012\n * What do the chords of a patriotic classic have in common with some popular hits? July 3, 2012\n * Part 2: I analyzed the chords of 1300 popular songs for patterns. This is what I found. June 27, 2012\n\nThe Hooktheory Blog Proudly powered by WordPress\n\n" } ]
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How To Calculate CPI
To calculate CPI, or Consumer Price Index, add together a sampling of product prices from a previous year. Then, add together the current prices of the same products. Divide the total of current prices by the old prices, then multiply the result by 100. Finally, to find the percent change in CPI, subtract 100. If the answer is positive, it’s the rate of inflation; if it’s negative, it’s the rate of deflation.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20180714210950/https://medium.com/swlh/ecommerce-price-index-formula-and-how-use-it-to-analyse-the-market-9b18a7e88125", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190316043703/https://quickonomics.com/calculating-consumer-price-index-cpi/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200803155054/https://www.maa.org/press/periodicals/loci/joma/the-consumer-price-index-and-inflation-calculate-and-graph-inflation-rates", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190412191938/https://inflationdata.com/Inflation/Inflation_Articles/CalculateInflation.asp", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181108073149/http://marketbusinessnews.com:80/financial-glossary/consumer-price-index-cpi/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200811013333/https://iase-web.org/islp/apps/gov_stats_priceindices/priceindices.htm" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://medium.com/swlh/ecommerce-price-index-formula-and-how-use-it-to-analyse-the-market-9b18a7e88125", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180714210950/https://medium.com/swlh/ecommerce-price-index-formula-and-how-use-it-to-analyse-the-market-9b18a7e88125", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ecommerce Price Index Formula and How Use it to Analyse the Market", "passages": [ "Price index formula is a way to normalize the average of price relatives within specific groups or classes of goods or services, throughout various different regions at various different time frames.", "In the world of e-commerce, it’s a great way to compare how prices differ based on time periods or geographical locations. On a broader scale, price indices are used to measure an overall economy’s price level and or cost of living.", "But on a much narrower scale, you can use price indices to help you position your price point within your eCommerce store.", "The consumer price index (CPI) is a key indicator for banks to uncover the rate of inflation. However, until now, eCommerce has largely been ignored.", "But this makes no sense, more and more people are going online to buy their purchases, so these statistics should be included, right?", "With so many transactions for goods and products happening online, it’s no wonder policymakers are moving closer to tracking the price movements in the online space.", "As we mentioned, the ecommerce price index allows us to see price changes over a set period of time, for specific product categories in specific geographic locations.", "Now if you’re new to the world of economics and eCommerce, some of these terms might seem confusing, but don’t worry we’ll go into more detail as to what each one pertains.", "If you’ve never heard of the phrase “fixing the market basket” then in its simplest terms, it refers to all the goods that consumers buy within a specific reference population. For example, you might look at the rural population within Europe.", "The CPI market basket includes a range of categories from specific overarching groups. To calculate this, market leaders use surveys to collect information from households to get a clear indication of of their expenses and how these align with purchases goods.", "For example, if you discover that every consumer buys 3 sets of headphones and one phone, you fix the market basket at 3 sets of headphones and 1 phone.", "When you’ve fixed the market’s basket, it’s time to calculate the basket’s cost. This involves looking at current and previous prices for specific goods. Very similar to how you’d compare previous and current prices of your competitors products and goods.", "In our above example, the fixed market basket is what they use to calculate the cost. In this sense, the only variable they can use is price. Doing this allows us to isolate price so we’re only concerned with looking at the price changes of specific categories.", "If in 2017 headphones cost $10 and phones cost $100. The total cost for 3 sets of headphones and one phone comes to $130.", "Now, let’s say in 2018 we now pay $20 for headphones and $200 for a phone. The total basket cost for these items is now $260.", "But what do you do with this information? So you’ve noticed that across the board, on a fixed market basket, prices for a specific category have increased. How do you actually use this information?", "Well, now we actually need to calculate the ecommerce price index. But in order to do that, a base year should be defined. This acts as a benchmark to compare the rest of the years to.", "Worldbank, for example, reports CPI data with the base year of 2010. To calculate it, divide the overall price of the basket of goods in any given year by the same basket size in the base year. Then multiply this number by 100. You’ll now have your consumer price index (CPI).", "Note, the base year will always add up to 100. But during the changed months, you’ll be able to see how much it’s changed.", "If we take headphones and phone from the year 2017: we have to 130 by 130 then times by 100.", "Inflation is defined as “a situation of a sustained increase in the general price level in an economy. Inflation means an increase in the cost of living as the price of goods and services rise.”", "Market analysts use CPI to understand inflation rate. You calculate inflation by looking at the percentage increase or decrease in the price index from one period to the preceding one.", "You can use ecommerce price index formula to work out how much of an impact your competitors will have on your own sales targets.", "In this section, we’re going to help you define who you actual competitors are, and use the price index to see who influences your sales the most.", "We explained earlier in this article how market analysts look at price indices on a broader scale, but we also mentioned in the introduction that you can use these techniques on a narrower scale to understand your competitor in much better detail and see how their prices affect your own sales.", "One use-case would be: you as a retailer looking at your monthly sales and looking for reasons why it increased or decreased.", "When you match the price index to sales, you can get a clearer idea of historical sales and price data.", "When you calculate your own price index in your e-commerce store, you’ll be able to see where your own product prices and your competitors intersect.", "When you’ve filled in the table above, you need to divide the competitor’s price with your price and times that figure by 100%", "And if you’re looking for the average ecommerce price index for any given product, add up all the price indexes for the product in question and then divide by number of competitors analysed.", "Then when you’ve done that, you need to work out the average price index. You do that through the following equation.", "Conducting these calculations will present you with a load of data. It will be best to use a visual graph or chart to see the data and the various deviations.", "You’ll be able to see your competitors’ pricing over time as they change. If you also add your own sales metrics to the same chart, you’ll be able to see how your own sales are affected by the changes in your competitors’ pricing.", "You might, for example, discover that over time, your products have usually been more expensive than two of your competitors, but always cheaper than one of your competitors.", "You might also discover that when one of your competitors increases their prices, you see an increase in your sales.", "Although consumer price index formula definitely falls into the realms of more advanced pricing techniques, it’s a useful one to consider if you want to scale your eCommerce store and reach higher levels.", "However, using ecommerce price index, whether it be on a narrow scale for your own store, or on a much larger scale by looking at regional or even global records, you’ll get a clearer idea of inflation and how your products are priced within a specific market." ] }, "parsed_md": "Ecommerce Price Index Formula and How Use it to Analyse the Market\n\nHomepage\n\nSign inGet started\n\nPrisync\n\nCompetitor price tracking and dynamic pricing software for all sizes of\necommerce companies from all around the world.\n\nJul 12\n\n# Ecommerce Price Index Formula and How Use it to Analyse the Market\n\nAn article by competitor price tracking software — Prisync.\n\nPrice index formula is a way to normalize the average of price relatives\nwithin specific groups or classes of goods or services, throughout various\ndifferent regions at various different time frames.\n\nIn the world of e-commerce, it’s a great way to compare how prices differ\nbased on time periods or geographical locations. On a broader scale, price\nindices are used to measure an overall economy’s price level and or cost of\nliving.\n\nBut on a much narrower scale, you can use price indices to help you position\nyour price point within your eCommerce store.\n\n### Why consumer price indices should include the eCommerce industry?\n\nThe consumer price index (CPI) is a key indicator for banks to uncover the\nrate of inflation. However, until now, eCommerce has largely been ignored.\n\nBut this makes no sense, more and more people are going online to buy their\npurchases, so these statistics should be included, right?\n\nWith so many transactions for goods and products happening online, it’s no\nwonder policymakers are moving closer to tracking the price movements in the\nonline space.\n\nVery similar to what we encourage eCommerce store owners to do on an\nindividual level.\n\n### How to use price index formula in your own eCommerce store\n\nAs we mentioned, the ecommerce price index allows us to see price changes over\na set period of time, for specific product categories in specific geographic\nlocations.\n\nThis data is then used to measure inflations.\n\nIn order to successfully calculate consumer price index, a four-step process\nis involved.\n\n 1. Fixing the market basket\n 2. Calculate the baskets cost\n 3. Compute the index\n 4. Compute the inflation rate\n\nNow if you’re new to the world of economics and eCommerce, some of these terms\nmight seem confusing, but don’t worry we’ll go into more detail as to what\neach one pertains.\n\n### Fixing the market basket\n\nIf you’ve never heard of the phrase “fixing the market basket” then in its\nsimplest terms, it refers to all the goods that consumers buy within a\nspecific reference population. For example, you might look at the rural\npopulation within Europe.\n\nThe CPI market basket includes a range of categories from specific overarching\ngroups. To calculate this, market leaders use surveys to collect information\nfrom households to get a clear indication of of their expenses and how these\nalign with purchases goods.\n\nWhen all the data is collected, analysts are able to determine the importance\nof various items within specific categories.\n\nYou then fix these prices as an average to work out the subsequent costs.\n\nFor example, if you discover that every consumer buys 3 sets of headphones and\none phone, you fix the market basket at 3 sets of headphones and 1 phone.\n\n### Calculating the basket’s cost\n\nWhen you’ve fixed the market’s basket, it’s time to calculate the basket’s\ncost. This involves looking at current and previous prices for specific goods.\nVery similar to how you’d compare previous and current prices of your\ncompetitors products and goods.\n\nHowever, do keep in mind, when analysts calculate the basket’s cost, they\ndon’t change the quantity of the goods.\n\nIn our above example, the fixed market basket is what they use to calculate\nthe cost. In this sense, the only variable they can use is price. Doing this\nallows us to isolate price so we’re only concerned with looking at the price\nchanges of specific categories.\n\nLet’s relook at our headphone and phone example.\n\nIf in 2017 headphones cost $10 and phones cost $100. The total cost for 3 sets\nof headphones and one phone comes to $130.\n\nNow, let’s say in 2018 we now pay $20 for headphones and $200 for a phone. The\ntotal basket cost for these items is now $260.\n\nWe can see that the price level has increased from 2017 to 2018.\n\n### Computing the index\n\nBut what do you do with this information? So you’ve noticed that across the\nboard, on a fixed market basket, prices for a specific category have\nincreased. How do you actually use this information?\n\nWell, now we actually need to calculate the ecommerce price index. But in\norder to do that, a base year should be defined. This acts as a benchmark to\ncompare the rest of the years to.\n\nMarket analysts tend to use the same year across the board, to keep things\naccurate when comparing.\n\nWorldbank, for example, reports CPI data with the base year of 2010. To\ncalculate it, divide the overall price of the basket of goods in any given\nyear by the same basket size in the base year. Then multiply this number by\n100. You’ll now have your consumer price index (CPI).\n\nNote, the base year will always add up to 100. But during the changed months,\nyou’ll be able to see how much it’s changed.\n\nBack to our example,\n\nIf we take headphones and phone from the year 2017: we have to 130 by 130 then\ntimes by 100.\n\n[130/130] x 100 = 100\n\nBut if we take 2018, we have to do\n\n[260/130] x 100 = 200\n\nSo we now see the consumer price index has increased by 100.\n\n### Using CPI to calculate inflation\n\nInflation is defined as “a situation of a sustained increase in the general\nprice level in an economy. Inflation means an increase in the cost of living\nas the price of goods and services rise.”\n\nMarket analysts use CPI to understand inflation rate. You calculate inflation\nby looking at the percentage increase or decrease in the price index from one\nperiod to the preceding one.\n\n### Using ecommerce price index formula to calculate competitor’s impact on\nyour sales\n\nYou can use ecommerce price index formula to work out how much of an impact\nyour competitors will have on your own sales targets.\n\nIn this section, we’re going to help you define who you actual competitors\nare, and use the price index to see who influences your sales the most.\n\nWe explained earlier in this article how market analysts look at price indices\non a broader scale, but we also mentioned in the introduction that you can use\nthese techniques on a narrower scale to understand your competitor in much\nbetter detail and see how their prices affect your own sales.\n\nOne use-case would be: you as a retailer looking at your monthly sales and\nlooking for reasons why it increased or decreased.\n\nWhen you match the price index to sales, you can get a clearer idea of\nhistorical sales and price data.\n\n### Calculating price index in your own eCommerce business\n\nWhen you calculate your own price index in your e-commerce store, you’ll be\nable to see where your own product prices and your competitors intersect.\n\nWhen you’ve filled in the table above, you need to divide the competitor’s\nprice with your price and times that figure by 100%\n\nFor example,\n\n5/3 x 100= 166%\n\nAnd if you’re looking for the average ecommerce price index for any given\nproduct, add up all the price indexes for the product in question and then\ndivide by number of competitors analysed.\n\nThen when you’ve done that, you need to work out the average price index. You\ndo that through the following equation.\n\nConducting these calculations will present you with a load of data. It will be\nbest to use a visual graph or chart to see the data and the various\ndeviations.\n\nYou’ll be able to see your competitors’ pricing over time as they change. If\nyou also add your own sales metrics to the same chart, you’ll be able to see\nhow your own sales are affected by the changes in your competitors’ pricing.\n\nYou might, for example, discover that over time, your products have usually\nbeen more expensive than two of your competitors, but always cheaper than one\nof your competitors.\n\nYou might also discover that when one of your competitors increases their\nprices, you see an increase in your sales.\n\n### Ecommerce price index formula final thoughts\n\nAlthough consumer price index formula definitely falls into the realms of more\nadvanced pricing techniques, it’s a useful one to consider if you want to\nscale your eCommerce store and reach higher levels.\n\nHowever, using ecommerce price index, whether it be on a narrow scale for your\nown store, or on a much larger scale by looking at regional or even global\nrecords, you’ll get a clearer idea of inflation and how your products are\npriced within a specific market.\n\nHave you tried using price indices to price your products accurately? Leave a\ncomment below.\n\n#### This story is published in The Startup, Medium’s largest entrepreneurship\npublication followed by 343,876+ people.\n\n#### Subscribe to receive our top stories here.\n\n * Economics\n\nLike what you read? Give Prisync a round of applause.\n\nFrom a quick cheer to a standing ovation, clap to show how much you enjoyed\nthis story.\n\n* ### Prisync\n\nCompetitor price tracking and dynamic pricing software for all sizes of\necommerce companies from all around the world.\n\n* ### The Startup\n\nMedium's largest publication for makers. Subscribe to receive our top stories\nhere → https://goo.gl/zHcLJi\n\nNever miss a story from The Startup, when you sign up for Medium. Learn more\n\nNever miss a story from The Startup\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://quickonomics.com/calculating-consumer-price-index-cpi/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190316043703/https://quickonomics.com/calculating-consumer-price-index-cpi/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Calculating Consumer Price Index (CPI)", "passages": [ "The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an indicator that measures the average change in prices paid by consumers for a representative basket of goods and services over a set period of time. It is widely used as a measure of inflation, together with the GDP deflator (see also GDP Deflator vs CPI). This allows economists and policy makers to describe economic performance and guide macroeconomic policy. Calculating Consumer Price Index (and the inflation rate) follows a four step process: 1) Fixing the market basket, 2) calculating the basket’s cost 3) computing the index 4) computing the inflation rate. We will look at all four steps in more detail below.", "The CPI market basket represents all goods and services that are purchased for consumption by a specific reference population (e.g. the urban population within the US). It includes items from more than 200 categories and eight major groups: Food and Beverages, Housing, Apparel, Transportation, Medical Care, Recreation, Education and Communication, and Other Goods And Services.", "The basket is developed over a two-year period from surveys and diaries that collect detailed information from households (families and individuals) regarding their day-to-day consumption expenses. In the US, about 7’000 families from around the country provide this data each quarter. In addition to that, another 7’000 families list everything they buy in a diary for two weeks to collect information on frequently purchased items. This data is then thoroughly analyzed to determine the weight and importance of the various items and categories in the basket. Although this approach has its shortcomings, it provides an accurate representation of a typical consumer within the economy.", "To give a simple example, let’s assume that the typical consumers in an economy buy a basket of only two goods; ice cream and candy bars. By conducting surveys, we find out that on average every consumer buys 4 ice cream cones and 8 candy bars. With this information we can now fix our market basket to 4 ice cream cones and 8 candy bars.", "Once the basket is fixed, the next step in calculating Consumer Price Index is to find the current and previous prices of all goods and services. This allows us to calculate the price of the entire basket at any point in time. The important thing to note here is that the market basket remains fixed, i.e. neither goods or services nor their quantity changes. Hence, the only variable is price, which allows us to isolate the effects of price changes over the years.", "Revisiting our example, we now have to find the prices of ice cream and candy bars. In 2017, an ice cream cone costs USD 2 and a candy bar sells at USD 1. Hence, the basket’s cost adds up to USD 16 (4 ice cream cones x USD 2 + 8 candy bars x USD 1). Back in 2016, consumers only had to pay USD 1.90 for an ice cream cone and USD 0.80 for a candy bar, which results in a basket cost of USD 14 (4 ice cream cones x USD 1.90 + 8 candy bars x USD 0.8). We can already see that the price level has increased from 2016 to 2017.", "Next, to actually calculate the Consumer Price Index we need to define a base year. The base year serves as the benchmark against which all other years are compared. It can be designated freely, although for the sake of comparability it is common practice to keep the same base year for a few years before moving on to a new one. The worldbank currently reports CPI data with base year 2010.", "The index is then calculated by dividing the price of the basket of goods and services in a given year (t) by the price of the same basket in the base year (b). This ratio is then multiplied by 100, which results in the Consumer Price Index.", "In the base year, CPI always adds up to 100. This becomes obvious if we look at our example. To calculate CPI in 2016, we have to divide USD 14 by USD 14 and multiply the result by 100 (i.e. [14/14]x100). Of course, the result is 100. Using the same formula, the CPI in 2017 is 114,3, i.e. (16/14)x100=114,3. Thus we can say that the Consumer Price Index has increased from 100 in 2016 to 114,3 in 2017.", "Lastly, the calculated CPI can be used to compute the inflation rate. More specifically, the inflation rate is the percentage change in the price index from one period to the preceding one. To calculate it, we can use the following formula.", "In our example, the inflation rate in 2016 is 14,3% (i.e. ([114,3-100]/100)x100). Hence, with this formula we can calculate the inflation rate for any given year as long as the CPI of that and the preceding year is available.", "The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an indicator that measures the average change in prices paid by consumers for goods and services over a set period of time. It is widely used as a measure of inflation. Calculating Consumer Price Index (and the inflation rate) follows a four step process: 1) Fixing the market basket, 2) calculating the basket’s cost 3) computing the index 4) computing the inflation rate.", "Is this the most quick and efficient way to do this, because I’m searching for one and we only get 30 seconds to do this.", "This site uses cookies (e.g. from Google) to offer you a better browsing experience. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are ok with that.OkRead more" ] }, "parsed_md": "Calculating Consumer Price Index (CPI) - Quickonomics\n\nSkip to content\n\nQuickonomics\n\n# Calculating Consumer Price Index (CPI)\n\nThe Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an indicator that measures the average\nchange in prices paid by consumers for a representative basket of goods and\nservices over a set period of time. It is widely used as a measure of\ninflation, together with the GDP deflator (see also GDP Deflator vs CPI). This\nallows economists and policy makers to describe economic performance and guide\nmacroeconomic policy. Calculating Consumer Price Index (and the inflation\nrate) follows a four step process: 1) Fixing the market basket, 2) calculating\nthe basket’s cost 3) computing the index 4) computing the inflation rate. We\nwill look at all four steps in more detail below.\n\n## 1) Fixing the Market Basket\n\nThe CPI market basket represents all goods and services that are purchased for\nconsumption by a specific reference population (e.g. the urban population\nwithin the US). It includes items from more than 200 categories and eight\nmajor groups: Food and Beverages, Housing, Apparel, Transportation, Medical\nCare, Recreation, Education and Communication, and Other Goods And Services.\n\nThe basket is developed over a two-year period from surveys and diaries that\ncollect detailed information from households (families and individuals)\nregarding their day-to-day consumption expenses. In the US, about 7’000\nfamilies from around the country provide this data each quarter. In addition\nto that, another 7’000 families list everything they buy in a diary for two\nweeks to collect information on frequently purchased items. This data is then\nthoroughly analyzed to determine the weight and importance of the various\nitems and categories in the basket. Although this approach has its\nshortcomings, it provides an accurate representation of a typical consumer\nwithin the economy.\n\nTo give a simple example, let’s assume that the typical consumers in an\neconomy buy a basket of only two goods; ice cream and candy bars. By\nconducting surveys, we find out that on average every consumer buys 4 ice\ncream cones and 8 candy bars. With this information we can now fix our market\nbasket to 4 ice cream cones and 8 candy bars.\n\n## 2) Calculating the Basket’s Cost\n\nOnce the basket is fixed, the next step in calculating Consumer Price Index is\nto find the current and previous prices of all goods and services. This allows\nus to calculate the price of the entire basket at any point in time. The\nimportant thing to note here is that the market basket remains fixed, i.e.\nneither goods or services nor their quantity changes. Hence, the only variable\nis price, which allows us to isolate the effects of price changes over the\nyears.\n\nRevisiting our example, we now have to find the prices of ice cream and candy\nbars. In 2017, an ice cream cone costs USD 2 and a candy bar sells at USD 1.\nHence, the basket’s cost adds up to USD 16 (4 ice cream cones x USD 2 + 8\ncandy bars x USD 1). Back in 2016, consumers only had to pay USD 1.90 for an\nice cream cone and USD 0.80 for a candy bar, which results in a basket cost of\nUSD 14 (4 ice cream cones x USD 1.90 + 8 candy bars x USD 0.8). We can already\nsee that the price level has increased from 2016 to 2017.\n\n## 3) Computing the Index\n\nNext, to actually calculate the Consumer Price Index we need to define a base\nyear. The base year serves as the benchmark against which all other years are\ncompared. It can be designated freely, although for the sake of comparability\nit is common practice to keep the same base year for a few years before moving\non to a new one. The worldbank currently reports CPI data with base year 2010.\n\nThe index is then calculated by dividing the price of the basket of goods and\nservices in a given year (t) by the price of the same basket in the base year\n(b). This ratio is then multiplied by 100, which results in the Consumer Price\nIndex.\n\nIn the base year, CPI always adds up to 100. This becomes obvious if we look\nat our example. To calculate CPI in 2016, we have to divide USD 14 by USD 14\nand multiply the result by 100 (i.e. [14/14]x100). Of course, the result is\n100. Using the same formula, the CPI in 2017 is 114,3, i.e. (16/14)x100=114,3.\nThus we can say that the Consumer Price Index has increased from 100 in 2016\nto 114,3 in 2017.\n\n## 4) Computing the Inflation Rate\n\nLastly, the calculated CPI can be used to compute the inflation rate. More\nspecifically, the inflation rate is the percentage change in the price index\nfrom one period to the preceding one. To calculate it, we can use the\nfollowing formula.\n\nIn our example, the inflation rate in 2016 is 14,3% (i.e.\n([114,3-100]/100)x100). Hence, with this formula we can calculate the\ninflation rate for any given year as long as the CPI of that and the preceding\nyear is available.\n\n## In a Nutshell\n\nThe Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an indicator that measures the average\nchange in prices paid by consumers for goods and services over a set period of\ntime. It is widely used as a measure of inflation. Calculating Consumer Price\nIndex (and the inflation rate) follows a four step process: 1) Fixing the\nmarket basket, 2) calculating the basket’s cost 3) computing the index 4)\ncomputing the inflation rate.\n\nFeatured / Macroeconomics 4 comments\n\n### Related Posts\n\n#### Three Types of Tax Systems\n\n#### Three Government Policies Towards Externalities\n\n#### World’s Top 10 Economies by Imports\n\n## 4 comments\n\n 1. Hem Raj Lamichhane says:\n\n17\\. March 2018 at 14:03\n\nExcellent example. I want to know how to calculate CPI from the data of\ninflation rate?\n\nReply\n\n 2. Tatenda Zibizapanzi says:\n\n20\\. September 2018 at 22:56\n\neasy to comprehend short and precise\n\nReply\n\n 3. Janssen Emperador says:\n\n22\\. October 2018 at 7:46\n\nIs this the most quick and efficient way to do this, because I’m searching for\none and we only get 30 seconds to do this.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Adddo Foster says:\n\n7\\. March 2019 at 20:36\n\nthis is simple and great\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Three Types of Tax Systems\n\n15\\. March 2019\n\n * How to Calculate Average Total Cost\n\n28\\. February 2019\n\n * Three Types of Price Discrimination\n\n15\\. February 2019\n\n### Sponsored\n\n### Featured Posts\n\n * The World’s Top 10 Economies by GDP\n * How to Calculate Tax Incidence\n * The Four Types of Market Structures\n * 12 Things You Should Know About Economics\n * The Four Different Types of Money\n\n### Sponsored\n\nPrivacy Policy | © 2019 by Quickonomics\n\nThis site uses cookies (e.g. from Google) to offer you a better browsing\nexperience. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are ok\nwith that.OkRead more\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.maa.org/press/periodicals/loci/joma/the-consumer-price-index-and-inflation-calculate-and-graph-inflation-rates", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200803155054/https://www.maa.org/press/periodicals/loci/joma/the-consumer-price-index-and-inflation-calculate-and-graph-inflation-rates", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Calculate and Graph Inflation Rates", "passages": [ "Any of several statistics can be presented in the media as the \"Official CPI.\" One is the index itself (for all urban consumers), as we have used it in this module. Another is the 12-month percent change, such as from August 2001 to August 2002. The annual inflation rate for a given year (say, 1914) is the percent change from the previous year (1913 in this example). Here is the way to calculate the annual inflation rate for 1914:", "Excel can calculate inflation rates for every year of the CPI except 1913 (when there was no previous year tabulated). In cell E1 of your most recent table (see Figure 9), write Inflation Rate %. In Cell E3 write", "The result, approximately 1.0, appears in cell E3. Copy the formula down column E. The result should look like Figure 11. (For tips on making the table more legible, see “Improve the Table.”)", "To graph inflation rates, use Columns B and E and continue as on Page 4. (Add a linear trend line if you like.) The result looks like Figure 12, with many fluctuations and a range from -10.5% (1921) to 18.0% (1918).", "You can also get inflation rates and a graph directly from the BLS Web site. Follow the same steps you did in Section 1: U.S. city average, All items, Not Seasonally Adjusted, Get Data, More Formatting Options, All Years, and Annual Data. But instead of Original Data, choose 12 Months Percent Change. Then click include graphs and Retrieve Data.", "The press often mentions “average inflation rate,” say, for the period 1951 (CPI 26.0) to 2001 (CPI 177.1). This number is not the average of the inflation rates over those years. Instead, it is a percent such that, if the CPI grew at that annual rate, compounded, from 1951 (26.0) to 2001, the same result of 177.1 would occur in 2001. The actual inflation rate fluctuated greatly, as you saw in Figure 12. But suppose it had been 4% (0.04 as a decimal) every year. Then the CPI would have grown by a factor of 1.04 each year, starting at 26.0. After 50 years -- 1951 to 2001 -- the CPI would be . Since 185 is larger than 177.1, 4% is a little too big. Let's calculate the correct average rate.", "Call the decimal rate x. Since the CPI went from 26.0 to 177.1 over a period of 50 years, we know that . Thus, .", "Solve this equation for x. Answer as a percent, rounded to two decimal places. You can either raise each side to the 1/50 power or use logarithms. (Do it both ways to check your work!) You should find that the average inflation rate is a little less than 4%.", "As is often the case with averages, the actual rates in this 50-year period do not cluster around the average. They vary from –0.4% (1955) to 13.5% (1980). See “Inflation and Deflation” for more information about positive and negative growth rates in the CPI." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Calculate and Graph Inflation Rates |\nMathematical Association of America\n\nSkip to main content\n\n * Home\n * Math Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Login\n\n * Login\n * Join\n * Give\n * Shops\n\n * About MAA\n\n * MAA History\n\n * MAA Centennial\n * MathDL\n * Spotlight: Archives of American Mathematics\n * MAA Officers\n * Governance\n\n * Council and Committees\n * Board of Directors\n * Governance Documents\n\n * Bylaws\n * Policies and Procedures\n\n * Policy on Conflict of Interest\n * Statement about Conflict of Interest\n * Recording or Broadcasting of MAA Events\n * Policy for Establishing Endowments and Funds\n * Welcoming Environment, Code of Ethics, and Whistleblower Policy\n * Avoiding Implicit Bias\n * Copyright Agreement\n * Principal Investigator's Manual\n * Advocacy\n * Support MAA\n\n * Planned Giving\n * The Icosahedron Society\n * Our Partners\n * Advertise with MAA\n * Employment Opportunities\n * Staff Directory\n * Contact Us\n * 2019 Impact Report\n * Membership\n\n * Membership Categories\n * Become a Member\n * Membership Renewal\n * Member Discount Programs\n\n * NASA Federal Credit Union\n * MAA Member Lookup\n * New Member Benefits\n * MAA Publications\n\n * Periodicals\n\n * The American Mathematical Monthly\n * Mathematics Magazine\n * The College Mathematics Journal\n * Loci/JOMA\n\n * Browse\n * How to Cite\n * Communications in Visual Mathematics\n * Convergence\n\n * About Convergence\n * What's in Convergence?\n * Convergence Articles\n * Images for Classroom Use\n\n * Mathematical Treasures\n * Portrait Gallery\n * Paul R. 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Appelbaum\n\nAny of several statistics can be presented in the media as the \"Official CPI.\"\nOne is the index itself (for all urban consumers), as we have used it in this\nmodule. Another is the 12-month percent change, such as from August 2001 to\nAugust 2002. The annual inflation rate for a given year (say, 1914) is the\npercent change from the previous year (1913 in this example). Here is the way\nto calculate the annual inflation rate for 1914:\n\n * Calculate the difference in the CPI from 1913 to 1914: .\n * Calculate the ratio of this difference to the CPI in 1913, and multiply by 100 to get a percent:\n\n.\n\nSo the inflation rate for 1914 was about 1.0%.\n\nExcel can calculate inflation rates for every year of the CPI except 1913\n(when there was no previous year tabulated). In cell E1 of your most recent\ntable (see Figure 9), write Inflation Rate %. In Cell E3 write\n\nThe result, approximately 1.0, appears in cell E3. Copy the formula down\ncolumn E. The result should look like Figure 11. (For tips on making the table\nmore legible, see “Improve the Table.”)\n\nFigure 11. Adding an inflation rate column to the table\n\nTo graph inflation rates, use Columns B and E and continue as on Page 4. (Add\na linear trend line if you like.) The result looks like Figure 12, with many\nfluctuations and a range from -10.5% (1921) to 18.0% (1918).\n\nFigure 12. Annual inflation rates since 1913\n\nYou can also get inflation rates and a graph directly from the BLS Web site.\nFollow the same steps you did in Section 1: U.S. city average, All items, Not\nSeasonally Adjusted, Get Data, More Formatting Options, All Years, and Annual\nData. But instead of Original Data, choose 12 Months Percent Change. Then\nclick include graphs and Retrieve Data.\n\nThe press often mentions “average inflation rate,” say, for the period 1951\n(CPI 26.0) to 2001 (CPI 177.1). This number is not the average of the\ninflation rates over those years. Instead, it is a percent such that, if the\nCPI grew at that annual rate, compounded, from 1951 (26.0) to 2001, the same\nresult of 177.1 would occur in 2001. The actual inflation rate fluctuated\ngreatly, as you saw in Figure 12. But suppose it had been 4% (0.04 as a\ndecimal) every year. Then the CPI would have grown by a factor of 1.04 each\nyear, starting at 26.0. After 50 years -- 1951 to 2001 -- the CPI would be .\nSince 185 is larger than 177.1, 4% is a little too big. Let's calculate the\ncorrect average rate.\n\nCall the decimal rate x. Since the CPI went from 26.0 to 177.1 over a period\nof 50 years, we know that . Thus, .\n\n * Solve this equation for x. Answer as a percent, rounded to two decimal places. You can either raise each side to the 1/50 power or use logarithms. (Do it both ways to check your work!) You should find that the average inflation rate is a little less than 4%.\n\nAs is often the case with averages, the actual rates in this 50-year period do\nnot cluster around the average. They vary from –0.4% (1955) to 13.5% (1980).\nSee “Inflation and Deflation” for more information about positive and negative\ngrowth rates in the CPI.\n\nElizabeth B. Appelbaum, \"The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Calculate\nand Graph Inflation Rates,\" Convergence (December 2004)\n\nJOMA\n\n * Printer-friendly version\n\n## Dummy View - NOT TO BE DELETED\n\n## The Consumer Price Index and Inflation\n\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Introduction\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Get CPI Data from the Web and into a Spreadsheet\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Simplify the Table\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Make the Graph\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Insert an Exponential Trend Curve\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Calculate and Graph the Logarithm of the CPI\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Calculate and Graph Inflation Rates\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Adjust Numbers for Inflation\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Graph Components of the CPI\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Additional Exercises\n * The Consumer Price Index and Inflation - Resources\n\n## MAA Publications\n\n * Periodicals\n\n * The American Mathematical Monthly\n * Mathematics Magazine\n * The College Mathematics Journal\n * Loci/JOMA\n\n * Browse\n * How to Cite\n * Communications in Visual Mathematics\n * Convergence\n * MAA FOCUS\n * Math Horizons\n * Submissions to MAA Periodicals\n * Guide for Referees\n * MAA Press (an imprint of the AMS)\n * MAA Notes\n * MAA Reviews\n * Mathematical Communication\n * Information for Libraries\n * Author Resources\n * Advertise with MAA\n\n * About MAA\n\n * MAA History\n * Governance\n * Policies and Procedures\n * Advocacy\n * Support MAA\n * Our Partners\n * Advertise with MAA\n * Employment Opportunities\n * Staff Directory\n * Contact Us\n * 2019 Impact Report\n * Membership\n\n * Membership Categories\n * Become a Member\n * Membership Renewal\n * Member Discount Programs\n * MAA Member Lookup\n * New Member Benefits\n * MAA Publications\n\n * Periodicals\n\n * The American Mathematical Monthly\n * Mathematics Magazine\n * The College Mathematics Journal\n * Loci/JOMA\n\n * Browse\n * How to Cite\n * Communications in Visual Mathematics\n * Convergence\n * MAA FOCUS\n * Math Horizons\n * Submissions to MAA Periodicals\n * Guide for Referees\n * MAA Press (an imprint of the AMS)\n * MAA Notes\n * MAA Reviews\n * Mathematical Communication\n * Information for Libraries\n * Author Resources\n * Advertise with MAA\n * Meetings\n\n * MAA MathFest\n * Calendar of Events\n * Joint Mathematics Meetings\n * Propose a Session\n * MAA Section Meetings\n * Carriage House Meeting Space\n * MathFest Archive\n * Welcoming Environment Policy\n * Competitions\n\n * About AMC\n * AMC Policies\n * AMC 8\n * AMC 10/12\n * AMC International\n * Invitational Competitions\n * Additional Competition Locations\n * Important Dates for AMC\n * Registration\n * Putnam Competition\n * AMC Resources\n * Statistics & Awards\n * Programs and Communities\n\n * Curriculum Resources\n * Member Communities\n * Outreach Initiatives\n * Professional Development\n * News\n\n * MAA Social Media\n * RSS\n * On This Day\n * COVID-19 Update\n\n### Connect with MAA\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * RSS\n * GooglePlus\n\nSign up for emails\n\nMathematical Association of America P: (800) 331-1622 F: (240) 396-5647\nEmail:maaservice@maa.org\n\nCopyright © 2020\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Mobile Version\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://inflationdata.com/Inflation/Inflation_Articles/CalculateInflation.asp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190412191938/https://inflationdata.com/Inflation/Inflation_Articles/CalculateInflation.asp", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Do I Calculate the Inflation Rate?", "passages": [ "Current Consumer Price Index (CPI-U) 254.202 | Current Annual Inflation Rate 1.86% | Released April 10, 2019 for the year ending March 2019 | Next Data Release May 10^th 2019 |", "The formula for calculating the Inflation Rate using the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is relatively simple. Every month the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) surveys thousands of prices all over the country and generates the CPI or (Consumer Price Index). If you don't know it, you can find it here: Consumer Price Index 1913-Present.", "Assume for the sake of simplicity that the index consists of one item and that in 1984 that item cost $1.00. The BLS pegged the index in 1984 at 100* (see Footnote). In January of 2006 that same item would probably cost $1.98 and today it would cost even more. But let's calculate the price difference between 1984 and 2006.", "If you don't care how it's done and just want to calculate the difference in prices between two different dates use the CPI Inflation Calculator.", "If you want to calculate the percent inflation between two dates (down to the month) use our cumulative inflation calculator.", "By looking at the above example, common sense would tell us that the index increased (it went from 100 to 198). The question is how much has it increased? To calculate the change we would take the second number (198) and subtract the first number (100). The result would be 98. So we know that from 1984 until 2006 prices increased (Inflated) by 98 points.", "Well, we know that prices almost doubled in 22 years, since it was 100 1984 and in 2006 it is almost 200 but other than that we don't know much. We still need something to compare it to.", "Since we know the increase in the Consumer Price Index we still need to compare it to something, so we compare it to the price it started at (100). We do that by dividing the increase by the first price or 98/100. the result is (.98).", "This number is still not very useful so we convert it into a percent. To do that we multiply by 100 and add a % symbol. .98 x 100= 98", "So the result is a 98% increase in prices since 1984. That is interesting but (other than being the date of George Orwell's famous novel) to most people today 1984 is not particularly significant.", "Normally, we want to know how much prices have increased since last year, or since we bought our house, or graduated College (or High School) or perhaps how much prices will increase by the time we retire or our kids go to college.", "Fortunately, The method of calculating Inflation is the same, no matter what time period we desire. We just substitute a different value for the first one. So if we want to know how much prices have increased over the last 12 months (the commonly published inflation rate number) we would subtract last year's Consumer Price Index from the current index and divide by last year's number and multiply the result by 100 and add a % sign.", "So if exactly one year ago the Consumer Price Index was 178 and today the CPI is 185, then the calculations would look like this:", "You can always find the current consumer price index in the ticker box under the header on every one of our pages. You can also display the information on your ow site in a box like theis:", "Note that it contains two key numbers the Current CPI Index (in the top portion) and the Current Inflation rate in the bottom half.", "To calculate the Current Inflation Rate it uses the most recently released CPI data and compares it to data from exactly 12 months prior using the above formula.", "To find the CPI index on more than the current date you can check the Historical CPI Data which lists the CPI index all the way back to 1913.", "If you would like to know the annual inflation rate for any given year see the Current Inflation Rate or Historical Inflation Rates in table format.", "Or if you believe a picture is worth a thousand words you may prefer just to look at the Annual Inflation Rate plotted in Chart format or Average Annual Inflation Rates by Decade.", "If prices go down and we experienced Price Deflation then \"A\" would be larger than \"B\" and we would end up with a negative number. So if last year the Consumer Price Index (CPI) was 189 and this year the CPI is 185 then the formula would look like this:", "which equals negative inflation over the sample year of -2.11%. Of course negative inflation is called deflation. (Not Actual CPI numbers).", "In April of 2006 the CPI index crossed the 200 mark so inflation was now over 100% so calculating it became a bit more confusing (but the formula is still the same).", "Typically when the index crosses over 100% the BLS just sets a new base year making some arbitrary date now equal to 100 and adjusting all the previous dates accordingly. But so far they haven't done that yet.", "In September of 2012 the CPI index was 231.407 so if we wanted to calculate the amount of inflation from 1984 until September of 2012, we would take (231.407 - 100)/100 = 1.31407 or 131.407%. So prices inflated by 131.4% in that time period. The calculations are the same but we have to remember that the 131% increase is on top of the original price. 100% inflation means prices doubled. 200% inflation means prices tripled, etc. Somehow it just seems less confusing when total inflation is less than 100%.", "*Footnote: Although for simplicity we say the index was set at 100 in 1984 it was actually set at 100 for an average period from 1982 -1984 so there is no specific month when the index was exactly 100." ] }, "parsed_md": "How Do I Calculate the Inflation Rate? | InflationData.com\n\nInflationData.com\n\nYour Place in Cyber Space for Inflation Data\n\nCurrent Consumer Price Index (CPI-U) 254.202 | Current Annual Inflation Rate\n1.86% | Released April 10, 2019 for the year ending March 2019 | Next Data\nRelease May 10^th 2019 |\n\nYou are here: Home > How Do I Calculate the Inflation Rate?\n\n# How Do I Calculate the Inflation Rate?\n\nFebruary 27, 2014 by Tim McMahon Leave a Comment\n\n## The Formula for Calculating Inflation\n\nThe formula for calculating the Inflation Rate using the Consumer Price Index\n(CPI) is relatively simple. Every month the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)\nsurveys thousands of prices all over the country and generates the CPI or\n(Consumer Price Index). If you don't know it, you can find it here: Consumer\nPrice Index 1913-Present.\n\nAssume for the sake of simplicity that the index consists of one item and that\nin 1984 that item cost $1.00. The BLS pegged the index in 1984 at 100* (see\nFootnote). In January of 2006 that same item would probably cost $1.98 and\ntoday it would cost even more. But let's calculate the price difference\nbetween 1984 and 2006.\n\nIf you don't care how it's done and just want to calculate the difference in\nprices between two different dates use the CPI Inflation Calculator. \n--- \nIf you want to calculate the percent inflation between two dates (down to the\nmonth) use our cumulative inflation calculator. \n \n## Step 1: Calculate- How Much has the Consumer Price Index Increased?\n\nBy looking at the above example, common sense would tell us that the index\nincreased (it went from 100 to 198). The question is how much has it\nincreased? To calculate the change we would take the second number (198) and\nsubtract the first number (100). The result would be 98. So we know that from\n1984 until 2006 prices increased (Inflated) by 98 points.\n\nBut, what good does knowing that it moved 98 points do?\n\nWell, we know that prices almost doubled in 22 years, since it was 100 1984\nand in 2006 it is almost 200 but other than that we don't know much. We still\nneed something to compare it to.\n\n## Step 2: Comparing the CPI Change to the Original CPI\n\nSince we know the increase in the Consumer Price Index we still need to\ncompare it to something, so we compare it to the price it started at (100). We\ndo that by dividing the increase by the first price or 98/100. the result is\n(.98).\n\n## Step 3: Convert it to a Percent\n\nThis number is still not very useful so we convert it into a percent. To do\nthat we multiply by 100 and add a % symbol. .98 x 100= 98\n\nSo the result is a 98% increase in prices since 1984. That is interesting but\n(other than being the date of George Orwell's famous novel) to most people\ntoday 1984 is not particularly significant.\n\n## Calculating the Inflation Rate Over a Specific Time Period\n\nNormally, we want to know how much prices have increased since last year, or\nsince we bought our house, or graduated College (or High School) or perhaps\nhow much prices will increase by the time we retire or our kids go to college.\n\nFortunately, The method of calculating Inflation is the same, no matter what\ntime period we desire. We just substitute a different value for the first one.\nSo if we want to know how much prices have increased over the last 12 months\n(the commonly published inflation rate number) we would subtract last year's\nConsumer Price Index from the current index and divide by last year's number\nand multiply the result by 100 and add a % sign.\n\nThe formula for calculating the Inflation Rate looks like this:\n\n((B - A)/A)*100\n\nWhere \"A\" is the Starting number and \"B\" is the ending number.\n\nSo if exactly one year ago the Consumer Price Index was 178 and today the CPI\nis 185, then the calculations would look like this:\n\n((185-178)/178)*100 or (7/178)*100 or 0.0393*100\n\nwhich equals 3.93% inflation over the sample year. (Not Actual Inflation\nRates).\n\nYou can always find the current consumer price index in the ticker box under\nthe header on every one of our pages. You can also display the information on\nyour ow site in a box like theis:\n\nNote that it contains two key numbers the Current CPI Index (in the top\nportion) and the Current Inflation rate in the bottom half.\n\nTo calculate the Current Inflation Rate it uses the most recently released CPI\ndata and compares it to data from exactly 12 months prior using the above\nformula.\n\nTo find the CPI index on more than the current date you can check the\nHistorical CPI Data which lists the CPI index all the way back to 1913.\n\nIf you would like to know the annual inflation rate for any given year see the\nCurrent Inflation Rate or Historical Inflation Rates in table format.\n\n#### Shortcut to Calculating Inflation:\n\nIf you don't care about the mechanics and just want the answer, use our CPI -\nInflation Calculator.\n\nOr if you believe a picture is worth a thousand words you may prefer just to\nlook at the Annual Inflation Rate plotted in Chart format or Average Annual\nInflation Rates by Decade.\n\n## What happens if prices Go down?\n\nIf prices go down and we experienced Price Deflation then \"A\" would be larger\nthan \"B\" and we would end up with a negative number. So if last year the\nConsumer Price Index (CPI) was 189 and this year the CPI is 185 then the\nformula would look like this:\n\n((185-189)/189)*100 or (-4/189)*100 or -0.0211*100\n\nwhich equals negative inflation over the sample year of -2.11%. Of course\nnegative inflation is called deflation. (Not Actual CPI numbers).\n\n## Calculating Inflation When it is Over 100%\n\nIn April of 2006 the CPI index crossed the 200 mark so inflation was now over\n100% so calculating it became a bit more confusing (but the formula is still\nthe same).\n\nTypically when the index crosses over 100% the BLS just sets a new base year\nmaking some arbitrary date now equal to 100 and adjusting all the previous\ndates accordingly. But so far they haven't done that yet.\n\nIn September of 2012 the CPI index was 231.407 so if we wanted to calculate\nthe amount of inflation from 1984 until September of 2012, we would take\n(231.407 - 100)/100 = 1.31407 or 131.407%. So prices inflated by 131.4% in\nthat time period. The calculations are the same but we have to remember that\nthe 131% increase is on top of the original price. 100% inflation means prices\ndoubled. 200% inflation means prices tripled, etc. Somehow it just seems less\nconfusing when total inflation is less than 100%.\n\nYou may also enjoy:\n\n * Inflation vs. Consumer Price Index – Do you know the difference?\n * What is the Real Definition of Inflation?\n * How Does Inflation Affect You?\n * Average Annual Inflation Rates by Decade\n * Cost of Living Calculator\n * Misery Index- A combination of inflation and unemployment makes people miserable.\n * What is Deflation?\n * Velocity of Money and Money Multiplier- Why Deflation is Possible\n * Which is Better: High or Low Inflation?\n * What is so bad about Deflation?\n * Disinflation – What is it?\n * Inflation Forecast - The Moore Inflation Predictor\n\n*Footnote: Although for simplicity we say the index was set at 100 in 1984 it was actually set at 100 for an average period from 1982 -1984 so there is no specific month when the index was exactly 100.\n\nHas this article been helpful? We appreciate your feedback.\n\nConnect with Tim on\n\nWeb | Twitter | Facebook | LinkedIn | Google+ | More Posts\n\nUse our custom search to find more articles like this\n\n### Share Your Thoughts\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Subscribe Now\n\n#### Like Us\n\nTweets by @TimothyJMcMahon\n\nFind us on Google+\n\nHome | Articles | Sitemap | Terms of Service | Privacy | Disclaimer |\nAdvertise With Us | Webmasters\n\nCopyright © 1996-2019 · Capital Professional Services, LLC · Maintained by\nIntergalactic Web Designers · Admin\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://marketbusinessnews.com:80/financial-glossary/consumer-price-index-cpi/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181108073149/http://marketbusinessnews.com:80/financial-glossary/consumer-price-index-cpi/", "parsed_text": { "title": "What is the Consumer Price Index? How is it calculated?", "passages": [ "The Consumer Price Index or CPI is an index which measures the changes in the price level of consumer goods and services that consumers buy. We often refer to consumers as ‘households.’", "The consumers should be a representative sample that the CPI organizers take randomly. In other words, they should represent the country average.", "The Consumer Price Index aims to show us how much prices have changed. It looks at the change in the price of services as well as goods.", "We can use it as an economic indicator, a means of adjusting currency values, and a deflator of other economic series. A deflator is a measure of inflation.", "‘Households’ refers to individual consumers. The Consumer Price Index does not cover price changes in manufacturing and other parts of the economy.", "“A list of the prices of basic goods and services, showing how they change in a particular period of time, as a way of measuring inflation.”", "Inflation refers to how much prices have risen over a specific period. We usually calculate the monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annual inflation rate.", "The Consumer Price Index refers to just an index, i.e., an instant in time. In other words, the CPI looks at prices in a moment in time or a slice of time.", "The inflation rate for one year, for example, is the Current CPI minus the Previous CPI, divided by the Previous CPI, and then multiplied by 100.", "Bear in mind that by using this formula, you would only know what the inflation rate is for households. The CPI does not take into account ALL prices in an economy.", "The United Kingdom used to measure consumer inflation with the RPI. RPI stands for Retail Prices Index. However, the RPI did not meet international standards.", "In 2013, the UK’s Office for National Statistics announced that it would no longer classify RPI as a ‘national statistic,’ It opted for the Consumer Price Index instead.", "No part of this website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied, or modified, without prior consent, unless otherwise indicated for stand-alone materials.", "We use cookies to provide you with the best experience on our site. If you continue browsing this website we'll assume that you're ok with receiving cookies. More info" ] }, "parsed_md": "What is the Consumer Price Index? How is it calculated? - Market Business News\n\nMarket Business News - The latest business news\n\n# Consumer Price Index – definition and meaning\n\nThe Consumer Price Index or CPI is an index which measures the changes in the\nprice level of consumer goods and services that consumers buy. We often refer\nto consumers as ‘households.’\n\nThe consumers should be a representative sample that the CPI organizers take\nrandomly. In other words, they should represent the country average.\n\nThe Consumer Price Index aims to show us how much prices have changed. It\nlooks at the change in the price of services as well as goods.\n\nWe can use it as an economic indicator, a means of adjusting currency values,\nand a deflator of other economic series. A deflator is a measure of inflation.\n\n‘Households’ refers to individual consumers. The Consumer Price Index does not\ncover price changes in manufacturing and other parts of the economy.\n\nAccording to Cambridge Dictionaries Online, the Consumer Price Index is:\n\n“A list of the prices of basic goods and services, showing how they change in\na particular period of time, as a way of measuring inflation.”\n\n### Calculating Consumer Price Index\n\n#### For a single item:\n\nCurrent item price ($) = (base year price) x (Current CPI) / (Base year CPI)\n\n#### For multiple items:\n\n## Inflation vs. Computer Price Index\n\nInflation refers to how much prices have risen over a specific period. We\nusually calculate the monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annual inflation\nrate.\n\nThe Consumer Price Index refers to just an index, i.e., an instant in time. In\nother words, the CPI looks at prices in a moment in time or a slice of time.\n\nThe inflation rate for one year, for example, is the Current CPI minus the\nPrevious CPI, divided by the Previous CPI, and then multiplied by 100.\n\nHere is an example:\n\n– Let’s suppose the CPI today is 165.\n\n– Let’s also suppose that the CPI exactly one year ago was 150. We call it the\n‘previous CPI.’\n\nThe formula is:\n\n(165 – 150) ÷ 150 x 100 = 10%\n\nTherefore, inflation is 10%\n\nBear in mind that by using this formula, you would only know what the\ninflation rate is for households. The CPI does not take into account ALL\nprices in an economy.\n\nFor example, it does not tell us what happened to factory prices or the prices\nof raw materials.\n\n## The Retail Prices Index\n\nThe United Kingdom used to measure consumer inflation with the RPI. RPI stands\nfor Retail Prices Index. However, the RPI did not meet international\nstandards.\n\nIn 2013, the UK’s Office for National Statistics announced that it would no\nlonger classify RPI as a ‘national statistic,’ It opted for the Consumer Price\nIndex instead.\n\n## Video – What is the CPI?\n\nShare\n\nSubscribe to MBN via Email\n\nFollow MBN\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n\nContact\n\n[email protected]\n\nNo part of this website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied, or\nmodified, without prior consent, unless otherwise indicated for stand-alone\nmaterials.\n\nTerms and Conditions – Privacy Policy\n\n© 2018 - Market Business News. All Rights Reserved.\n\nSign in\n\nSign in\n\nRecover your password.\n\nA password will be e-mailed to you.\n\nWe use cookies to provide you with the best experience on our site. If you\ncontinue browsing this website we'll assume that you're ok with receiving\ncookies. More info\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://iase-web.org/islp/apps/gov_stats_priceindices/priceindices.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200811013333/https://iase-web.org/islp/apps/gov_stats_priceindices/priceindices.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Measuring Price Change", "passages": [ "3. Calculate the index numbers using the increase in the price from the index reference period to each of the other months:", "This means that there has been a 40% increase in the price of mushrooms from January to April. What was the increase from January to February?", "Calculate an orange juice price index time series (Use June as the reference period with an index number of 100, Orange juice is in $ per litre).", "If there is more than one item included in the index number then each good or service in the basket is assigned an expenditure weight representing its (average) relative importance in household spending patterns.", "Goods and services that are more important to households are given higher weights and have a greater influence on the CPI.", "The weight assigned determines how much impact a price movement for a particular good has on the overall CPI. For example, if households spend more on petrol than on milk, a 5 percent increase in the price of petrol would have a greater impact on the CPI than a 5 percent increase in the price of milk.", "The weights for each Group in the table below are calculated showing the percentage of total expenditure on goods in that Group.", "| Proportion/Weight ---|---|--- Food| 856| 26.11% Housing| 1234| 37.64% Household Operations| 326| 9.95% Clothing & Footware| 124| 3.78% Transport| 576| 17.57% Tobacco & Alcohol| 84| 2.56% Miscellaneous| 78| 2.38% TOTAL| $3278| 100.00%", "For all of these exercises answers are to one decimal place. Click 'Check' after you have entered all values in each table, any correct responses will be highlighted with a green border.", "The following table has the Groups and Subgroups in New Zealand's CPI. Estimate (or collect) your quarterly spending in each Group and fill in the table below. If you have not spent anything in a subgroup then just leave it blank.", "You can view the table here but you should use Excel to calculate the percentage you spent on each Group. These are YOUR expenditure weights.", "If your weights are different to those given can you explain why? The following is a list of possible reasons:" ] }, "parsed_md": "Measuring Price Change - Price Indices\n\nMeasuring Price Change\n\nPrice Indices > Single Item Index\n\nA single-item price index time series can be created from a series of prices\nover time.\n\n[EXPAND]\n\nSingle Item Index Number\n\nThis can be done by:\n\n 1. choosing one period as the reference period and giving it an index value of either 100 or 1000.\n 2. scaling all the other prices accordingly.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\n1\\. Take a time series of prices of mushrooms.\n\nTaking a time series of prices \n--- \nItem|\n\nMonth \n \nJan| Feb| Mar| Apr \nMushrooms ($ per kg)| 5.00| 5.60| 6.00| 7.00 \n \n2\\. Choose an index reference period (e.g. January).\n\nTaking a time series of prices \n--- \nItem|\n\nMonth \n \nJan| Feb| Mar| Apr \nMushrooms ($ per kg)| 1000| ...| ...| ... \n \n3\\. Calculate the index numbers using the increase in the price from the index\nreference period to each of the other months:\n\nFeb =\\frac{1000 \\times 5.60}{5.00} = 1120\n\nMar =\\frac{1000 \\times 6.00}{5.00} = 1200\n\nApr =\\frac{1000 \\times 7.00}{5.00} = 1400\n\nTaking a time series of prices \n--- \nItem|\n\nMonth \n \nJan| Feb| Mar| Apr \nMushrooms ($ per kg)| 1000| 1120| 1200| 1400 \n \nThis means that there has been a 40% increase in the price of mushrooms from\nJanuary to April. What was the increase from January to February?\n\nThe correct answer is %\n\nCheck\n\nEXERCISE\n\nCalculate an orange juice price index time series (Use June as the reference\nperiod with an index number of 100, Orange juice is in $ per litre).\n\nTaking a time series of prices \n--- \nItem|\n\nMonth \n \nJun| Jul| Aug| Sep \nOrange Juice ($ per litre)| 3.00| 2.40| 3.00| 3.60 \n \nJul =\n\n×\n\n3.00\n\n=\n\nThe correct answer for the missing value is\n\nCheck\n\nAug =\n\n×\n\n3.00\n\n=\n\nThe correct answers for the missing values are and\n\nCheck\n\nSep =\n\n×\n\n=\n\nThe correct answers for the missing values are , , and\n\nCheck\n\nWhat was the increase from:\n\n * a. Jun to Sep?\n\nThe answer is %\n\nCheck\n\n * b. Jun to July?\n\nThe answer is %\n\nCheck\n\nEND SINGLE ITEM INDEX NUMBER\n\n[COLLAPSE]\n\nPrice Indices > Multi-Item Index Number\n\nWhen there is more than one item included in the index number we use the\nmulti-item index number.\n\n[EXPAND]\n\nMulti-Item Index Number\n\nIf there is more than one item included in the index number then each good or\nservice in the basket is assigned an expenditure weight representing its\n(average) relative importance in household spending patterns.\n\nGoods and services that are more important to households are given higher\nweights and have a greater influence on the CPI.\n\nThe weight assigned determines how much impact a price movement for a\nparticular good has on the overall CPI. For example, if households spend more\non petrol than on milk, a 5 percent increase in the price of petrol would have\na greater impact on the CPI than a 5 percent increase in the price of milk.\n\nCalculating Weights\n\nA sample survey of households is usually undertaken to work out the average\nhousehold expenditure.\n\nThe proportion of the total expenditure on items in a 'Subgroup' or 'Group' is\nits 'Expenditure Weight'.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\nThe weights for each Group in the table below are calculated showing the\npercentage of total expenditure on goods in that Group.\n\nGroup|\n\nSpending ($)\n\n| Proportion/Weight \n---|---|--- \nFood| 856| 26.11% \nHousing| 1234| 37.64% \nHousehold Operations| 326| 9.95% \nClothing & Footware| 124| 3.78% \nTransport| 576| 17.57% \nTobacco & Alcohol| 84| 2.56% \nMiscellaneous| 78| 2.38% \nTOTAL| $3278| 100.00% \n \nThe proportion/weight for Food is calculated as:\n\n\\frac{856}{3278} \\times 100 = 26.11\\%\n\nEXERCISE 1\n\nCalculate the weights for the items in the following expenditure table\n\nFor all of these exercises answers are to one decimal place. Click 'Check'\nafter you have entered all values in each table, any correct responses will be\nhighlighted with a green border.\n\nFrom top to bottom the answers are: , , , , ,\n\nCheck\n\nEXERCISE 2\n\nNew Zealand\n\nThe following table has the Groups and Subgroups in New Zealand's CPI.\nEstimate (or collect) your quarterly spending in each Group and fill in the\ntable below. If you have not spent anything in a subgroup then just leave it\nblank.\n\nYou can view the table here but you should use Excel to calculate the\npercentage you spent on each Group. These are YOUR expenditure weights.\n\nExcel Download\n\nYou can compare your weights to those for the average New Zealand household,\nthese are given below.\n\nView the table here or download a copy in Excel using the button below.\n\nMore information on the Statistics New Zealand site here: www.stats.govt.nz\n\nIf your weights are different to those given can you explain why? The\nfollowing is a list of possible reasons:\n\n * a student sharing a flat may have cheap rent and smaller weight for housing\n * a non-drinker, no-smoker will have a very small, possibly zero weight, for alcohol and tobacco\n * a person who works from home may have small costs and a small weight for transport\n\nExcel Download\n\nEND MULTI-ITEM INDEX & CALCULATING WEIGHTS\n\n[COLLAPSE]\n\n" } ]
1,359,563
How To Open a Drug Store
To open a drug store, consider buying an existing pharmacy so you already have a staff and existing customer base. Or, you can start a brand new pharmacy from scratch, which is usually cheaper and faster. Whichever route you take, you'll need funding to buy or open your drug store, which you can get by applying for a bank loan or finding private investors. Once you have the funds, you can start shopping around for a pharmacy or looking for a space to buy or rent for your new drug store.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20200125021903/https://www.bplans.com/pharmacy_business_plan/products_fc.php", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211007222538/https://www.ada.gov/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160613030416/http://www.rxownership.com:80/first_steps_Start-ups.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170417130750/http://smartretailingrx.com/buying-selling-pharmacy/starting-a-pharmacy/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150414194809/http://cardinal.com/us/en/essential-insights/qas/EI-QandA-SageAdviceFromPharmacists", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181204002030/https://www.sba.gov/blogs/how-find-accountant-who-can-help-your-small-business-over-long-haul", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160618111100/http://www.rxownership.com:80/store_setup_Start-ups.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160727193737/http://www.mbp.state.ms.us:80/mbop/Pharmacy.nsf/webpages/LinksLN_NPO?OpenDocument", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160622021711/http://www.rxownership.com:80/business_basics_Start-ups.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160429092226/http://www.rxownership.com/financing_Buyers.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200125021845/https://www.bplans.com/pharmacy_business_plan/company_summary_fc.php", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160519083647/http://www.rxownership.com:80/business_basics_Buyers.html" ]
train
902
[ { "original_url": "https://www.bplans.com/pharmacy_business_plan/products_fc.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200125021903/https://www.bplans.com/pharmacy_business_plan/products_fc.php", "parsed_text": { "title": "Pharmacy Business Plan Sample - Product Offering", "passages": [ "The Discount Pharmacy offers a wide range of prescription drugs to patients based in Oregon or nationally. Both generics and name brands are offered.", "In order for a customer to purchase medications mail order, they must first contact The Discount Pharmacy over the phone. The customer then needs to either mail in the prescription, fax it, or email it. Once it is received and payment arrangements are complete, the medicines will be sent out to the customer via U.S.P.S. or U.P.S. Local customers may stop by the store front to pick up the medications.", "The Discount Pharmacy will only service customers who self pay. The self pay customers will be attracted to The Discount Pharmacy because of its superior prices. For many Americans that do not have drug plans, including the vast majority of Americans over 65, a discount on drugs is very welcome on today's increasingly tight monthly budgets.", "The Discount Pharmacy will be able to survive on lower margins due to operating efficiencies gained through national mail order operations and not accepting insurance policy drug plans which hampers cash flow. The Discount Pharmacy will also save money by not paying for customer's unlimited access to a pharmacist. If a customer has a question regarding a drug, the pharmaceutical technician will attempt to answer it. As a last resort the pharmacist will provide the answer. Generally, the technician or the accompanying printed literature will answer the question.", "This model of saving costs by not providing unlimited access to the pharmacist will be successful because the majority of customers will be customers who have been taking said drug for awhile, as opposed to a new prescription, and will not require their hand to be held during the transaction. They are interested in The Pharmacy as an inexpensive source for their medication.", "With each order a printout will accompany the medications providing directions on how to take the medications, other drugs that should be avoided concurrently, and other useful information. The Discount Pharmacy will be using computer print outs from industry software to reduce the cost of providing this information.", "Note--while the term \"self pay\" is typically associated with the notion that the customer is paying for the medication out of pocket without insurance, it is used in this context as the customer paying for the medications up front regardless if they have insurance. They may be paying out of pocket, or they may be paying up front and then submitting to their insurance company's drug plan to reimburse them later.", "\"LivePlan is incredibly simple and easy to use. The financial sales forecasting tool is very intuitive and makes writing a business plan more fun.\"", "Business planning has never been easier. With 500 complete sample plans, easy financials, and access anywhere, LivePlan turns your great idea into a great plan for success.", "Bplans is owned and operated by Palo Alto Software, Inc., as a free resource to help entrepreneurs start and run better businesses." ] }, "parsed_md": "Pharmacy Business Plan Sample - Product Offering | Bplans\n\n## The Discount Pharmacy\n\nStart your own business plan »\n\n# Pharmacy Business Plan\n\nPage\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * 3\n * 4\n * 5\n * 6\n * 7\n * 8\n * 9\n\n« Previous Page Next Page »\n\n## Products\n\nThe Discount Pharmacy offers a wide range of prescription drugs to patients\nbased in Oregon or nationally. Both generics and name brands are offered.\n\nIn order for a customer to purchase medications mail order, they must first\ncontact The Discount Pharmacy over the phone. The customer then needs to\neither mail in the prescription, fax it, or email it. Once it is received and\npayment arrangements are complete, the medicines will be sent out to the\ncustomer via U.S.P.S. or U.P.S. Local customers may stop by the store front to\npick up the medications.\n\nThe Discount Pharmacy will only service customers who self pay. The self pay\ncustomers will be attracted to The Discount Pharmacy because of its superior\nprices. For many Americans that do not have drug plans, including the vast\nmajority of Americans over 65, a discount on drugs is very welcome on today's\nincreasingly tight monthly budgets.\n\nThe Discount Pharmacy will be able to survive on lower margins due to\noperating efficiencies gained through national mail order operations and not\naccepting insurance policy drug plans which hampers cash flow. The Discount\nPharmacy will also save money by not paying for customer's unlimited access to\na pharmacist. If a customer has a question regarding a drug, the\npharmaceutical technician will attempt to answer it. As a last resort the\npharmacist will provide the answer. Generally, the technician or the\naccompanying printed literature will answer the question.\n\nThis model of saving costs by not providing unlimited access to the pharmacist\nwill be successful because the majority of customers will be customers who\nhave been taking said drug for awhile, as opposed to a new prescription, and\nwill not require their hand to be held during the transaction. They are\ninterested in The Pharmacy as an inexpensive source for their medication.\n\nWith each order a printout will accompany the medications providing directions\non how to take the medications, other drugs that should be avoided\nconcurrently, and other useful information. The Discount Pharmacy will be\nusing computer print outs from industry software to reduce the cost of\nproviding this information.\n\nNote--while the term \"self pay\" is typically associated with the notion that\nthe customer is paying for the medication out of pocket without insurance, it\nis used in this context as the customer paying for the medications up front\nregardless if they have insurance. They may be paying out of pocket, or they\nmay be paying up front and then submitting to their insurance company's drug\nplan to reimburse them later.\n\nPage\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * 3\n * 4\n * 5\n * 6\n * 7\n * 8\n * 9\n\n« Previous Page Next Page »\n\nYour business plan can look as polished and professional as this sample plan.\nIt's fast and easy, with LivePlan.\n\nStart your own business plan\n\nStart planning\n\n\"LivePlan is incredibly simple and easy to use. The financial sales\nforecasting tool is very intuitive and makes writing a business plan more\nfun.\"\n\nHelga D. Svala\n\nStart Your Plan\n\n#### Plan Outline\n\n * 1.0 Executive Summary\n * 2.0 Company Summary\n * 3.0 Products\n * 4.0 Market Analysis Summary\n * 5.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary\n * 6.0 Web Plan Summary\n * 7.0 Management Summary\n * 8.0 Financial Plan\n * Appendix\n\n#### Create your own business plan\n\nBusiness planning has never been easier. With 500 complete sample plans, easy\nfinancials, and access anywhere, LivePlan turns your great idea into a great\nplan for success.\n\nLearn more about LivePlan\n\n#### Related business plans\n\n * Women's Clothing Boutique Business Plan\n * Clothing Retail Business Plan\n * E-commerce Internet Business Plan\n\n * More Medical and Health Care Plans\n * More Retail and Online Store Plans\n * More Health Products Plans\n * All Business Plans\n\n### Get the Bplans newsletter:\n\nExpert business tips and advice delivered weekly.\n\nBplans is owned and operated by Palo Alto Software, Inc., as a free resource\nto help entrepreneurs start and run better businesses.\n\n##### Top Sections\n\nBusiness Planning Funding Starting Pitching Managing Small Business Loans\nAngel Investment Branding\n\n##### Planning Resources\n\n * Business Plan Software\n * Business Planning Videos\n * Business Planning Calculators\n * Business Plan Writers\n * Industry Guides\n\n##### Software\n\n * LivePlan\n * Outpost\n * Business Plan Pro\n * Business Tools\n\n##### Marketing Resources\n\n * Sales and Marketing\n * Software\n * Sample Marketing Plans\n * Market Research\n\n##### About Bplans\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Write for Us\n * Advertise with Us\n * Sitemap\n * Privacy and Legal\n\n###### © 1996 - 2020 Palo Alto Software. All Rights Reserved | We’re Hiring!\n\n#### Try the #1 business planning software risk-free for 60 days\n\nStart Your Plan\n\nNo contract, no risk. Built for entrepreneurs like you.\n\nTry the #1 business planning software risk-free for 60 days.Try the #1\nbusiness planning software risk-free for 60 days.\n\nStart Your Plan\n\nNo contract, no risk. Built for entrepreneurs like you.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.ada.gov/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211007222538/https://www.ada.gov/", "parsed_text": { "title": "ADA.gov homepage", "passages": [ "Guidance Concerning Federal Statutes Affecting Methods of Voting -- On July 28, 2021, the Department issued a guidance document related to state and local governments’ administration of voting that explains the requirements of Title II of the ADA and other federal civil rights laws (posted 7/30/21)", "The U.S. Department of Justice provides information about the ADA through a toll-free ADA Information Line. 800-514-0301 (voice) 800-514-0383 (TTY)" ] }, "parsed_md": "ADA.gov homepage\n\nADA.gov\n\nBeta\n\nWe're working on a new ADA.gov.\n\nVisit the beta site\n\nSkip navigation\n\nMore Search Options\n\n# New on ADA.gov\n\nE.T v. Morath Statement of Interest (posted 9/30/21)\n\nVargas and American Council of the Blind v. Quest Diagnostics Statement of\nInterest (posted 9/20/21)\n\nCounty of Hawai'i and County of Hawai'i MTA Settlement Agreement (posted\n8/24/21)\n\nBrown University Settlement Agreement (posted 8/10/21)\n\nThe Volusia County School Board Settlement Agreement (posted 8/3/21)\n\nGuidance Concerning Federal Statutes Affecting Methods of Voting -- On July\n28, 2021, the Department issued a guidance document related to state and local\ngovernments’ administration of voting that explains the requirements of Title\nII of the ADA and other federal civil rights laws (posted 7/30/21)\n\nCounty of Muskegon, Michigan Settlement Agreement (posted 7/28/21)\n\n## ADA Information Line\n\nThe U.S. Department of Justice provides information about the ADA through a\ntoll-free ADA Information Line. 800-514-0301 (voice) 800-514-0383 (TTY)\n\n## Introduction to the ADA\n\nCOVID-19 and the ADA\n\n## File an ADA Complaint\n\n## Featured Topic: Long COVID\n\nGuidance on When \"Long COVID\" May Be a Disability Under the ADA, Section 504,\nand Section 1557\n\n## ADA.gov Updates\n\nSign up for e-mail updates from ADA.gov\n\n## Selected Topics\n\nOlmstead HIV and AIDS Employment Accessible Technology Barrier-Free Healthcare\nInitiative Criminal Justice Regulatory Development Project Civic Access ADA\nBusiness Connection\n\n## Resources\n\nFederal ADA & Section 504 Resources Reports & Updates Section 508 ADA.gov\nArchive\n\n## Titles of the ADA\n\nEmployment (title I) State & Local Government (title II) Public Accommodations\nand Commercial Facilities (title III)\n\n## Department of Justice ADA Responsibilities\n\nTechnical Assistance Enforcement Mediation Regulations Certification of State\nand Local Building Codes\n\n## Site Map\n\n## Contact Us\n\n## Department of Justice Links\n\nDepartment of Justice Home Page Civil Rights Division Home Page Disability\nRights Section Home Page Freedom of Information Act En Español Privacy Policy\nLegal Policies and Disclaimers\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.rxownership.com:80/first_steps_Start-ups.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160613030416/http://www.rxownership.com:80/first_steps_Start-ups.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "RxOwnership — First Steps", "passages": [ "When you're just starting to think about pharmacy ownership or you've made the decision to become an owner, you have much to consider before you open the doors of your pharmacy business.", "Understand the economic landscape that you're entering into (for example, analyzing financial trends, evaluating your personal financial ability, talking to current independent owners)", "Start thinking like an entrepreneur by gaining a thorough understanding of general business principles; our Business Basics section is a good place to start", "Select a pharmacy location based on such factors as population demographics, local competition, costs of doing business, and so on", "The steps you take at the beginning of this process will go a long way toward determining your success as a pharmacy owner.", "Choosing to open a new pharmacy or purchase an existing pharmacy is a decision that can be based on a range of criteria, including:", "Regardless of your situation, talking to others — particularly those who have gone through the process — is extremely helpful. Search out other pharmacists in your county or state who have opened or purchased a pharmacy in the past several years to learn from their experiences and help answer questions you have.", "To locate these colleagues, ask one of our Ownership advisors and contact your state pharmacy association or local pharmacy school for references.", "You may also want to consider taking a course on pharmacy ownership, such as the NCPA Ownership Workshop, to learn from experts and talk to other pharmacists who are considering independent pharmacy ownership.", "Among the most important first steps are developing a business plan and financial projections for your pharmacy. Don't worry if you don't have all of the answers, know the best format for your business plan, or have clear financial projections. Just start putting your thoughts down on paper.", "Your business plan will evolve as long as you are in business, so start now. Elements of your business plan could include the following:", "No successful pharmacy owner does it all alone. That's why it's wise to align yourself with trusted, professional advisors who can help you navigate through legal and/or business processes.", "Legal counsel: Identify an attorney specializing in commercial and retail businesses, preferably pharmacies. Attorneys have specialties, so make sure your attorney has expertise in helping you start your business. Your attorney will be one of your key business advisors — so take the time and effort to find one who is knowledgeable and experienced, and with whom you can work easily.", "Accountant: Identify and consult with a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) who is knowledgeable about different accounting systems, retail bookkeeping, financing, taxes, and so on. Your CPA will be another of your key business advisors, so you may want to interview several candidates before making your selection. A CPA specializing in retail business, especially one with current retail pharmacy clients, could be an asset to you. Don't underestimate the importance of communication with your CPA; select an individual who will communicate fully, freely and patiently with you.", "Insurance agent: Find an insurance agent who will identify the various insurance policies and protections you will need in order to minimize your risk. Your insurance agent should also be an advisor to you, just like your attorney and accountant, so make sure he/she understands your business and sets up a program that meets your specific needs.", "It is important to have insurance that covers you for traditional business liability, as well as pharmacy malpractice. If your insurance agent isn't familiar with the unique nature of pharmacy requirements, ask to speak with a pharmacy specialist in the insurance carrier's home office. You may also check with your state pharmacy association for a referral.", "Remember, insurance is your protection from problems both anticipated and unanticipated. Details matter, so understand nuances such as the difference between coverage limits on \"claims made\" policies versus \"occurrence\" policies. Some of the policies you are likely to need include:", "You've probably heard the phrase, \"The three most important factors for a business are: location, location, location.\" Simply stated, where a business is located has huge effect on how it performs. With that in mind, we recommend a three-part process that can help guide your location-selection process.", "Contacting Chambers of Commerce to learn about opportunities (rural communities looking for a new pharmacy, tax incentives, and so on)", "Once you have identified the location or business, work with your CPA and attorney to structure the deal and bring it to completion", "Trademark of JLL. This link is being provided as a convenience and for informational purposes only; they do not constitute an endorsement or an approval by RxOwnership of any of the products, services or opinions of JLL.", "Whether you are acquiring your first pharmacy or expanding with additional locations, there are a few key steps that will put you on the path to success." ] }, "parsed_md": "RxOwnership — First Steps\n\n * Home\n\n * Buyers\n\n * Buyer Overview\n * First Steps\n * Business Basics\n * Store Setup\n * Financing Options\n * Buyer Services\n * Start-Ups\n\n * Start-Up Overview\n * First Steps\n * Business Basics\n * Store Setup\n * Financing Options\n * Start-Up Services\n * Sellers\n\n * Seller Overview\n * Why Make a Plan?\n * Step-by-Step Guide\n * Financing Options\n * Seller Services\n * Students\n\n * Resources\n\n * Successes\n\n * About Us\n\n * Contact Us\n\nLoading\n\nOn this page:\n\n * Buy or Lease +\n * Business Plan +\n * Business Advisors +\n * Location +\n\n# First Steps\n\nWhen you're just starting to think about pharmacy ownership or you've made the\ndecision to become an owner, you have much to consider before you open the\ndoors of your pharmacy business.\n\nYour first steps may include the following:\n\n * Understand the economic landscape that you're entering into (for example, analyzing financial trends, evaluating your personal financial ability, talking to current independent owners)\n * Start thinking like an entrepreneur by gaining a thorough understanding of general business principles; our Business Basics section is a good place to start\n * Select a pharmacy location based on such factors as population demographics, local competition, costs of doing business, and so on\n * Assemble a team of trusted advisors, including accountants, attorneys, financial advisors, brokers and insurance agents\n\nThe steps you take at the beginning of this process will go a long way toward\ndetermining your success as a pharmacy owner.\n\n### Your first decision is location and your second decision is to buy or\nlease.\n\nChoosing to open a new pharmacy or purchase an existing pharmacy is a decision\nthat can be based on a range of criteria, including:\n\nPhysical availability\n\nFinancial options\n\nPersonal interests and goals\n\nCompetition\n\nRegardless of your situation, talking to others — particularly those who have\ngone through the process — is extremely helpful. Search out other pharmacists\nin your county or state who have opened or purchased a pharmacy in the past\nseveral years to learn from their experiences and help answer questions you\nhave.\n\nTo locate these colleagues, ask one of our Ownership advisors and contact your\nstate pharmacy association or local pharmacy school for references.\n\nYou may also want to consider taking a course on pharmacy ownership, such as\nthe NCPA Ownership Workshop, to learn from experts and talk to other\npharmacists who are considering independent pharmacy ownership.\n\nVisit the NCPA Ownership Academy to learn more.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Set your course for long-term success.\n\nAmong the most important first steps are developing a business plan and\nfinancial projections for your pharmacy. Don't worry if you don't have all of\nthe answers, know the best format for your business plan, or have clear\nfinancial projections. Just start putting your thoughts down on paper.\n\nYour business plan will evolve as long as you are in business, so start now.\nElements of your business plan could include the following:\n\n * Financial plans and projections\n * Real estate: purchase, lease, build, tenant improvements, and so on\n * Pharmacy systems\n * Automation\n * Initial inventory\n * Decor\n * Staffing\n * Competitive analysis\n * Demographic analysis\n * Anticipated competitive advantage: what will differentiate you from the competition?\n * Pharmacy offerings, such as diabetic management/counseling, home healthcare, compounding, DME, nutriceuticals, and so on\n * Front-end offerings, such as cards, gifts, general merchandise, and so on\n * Contingency plans\n * Marketing plan\n * Exit strategy\n\nIf you need a sample business plan, the U.S. Small Business Administration has\nvery helpful information.\n\nContact one of our Ownership advisors.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Assemble the team that will help you succeed.\n\nNo successful pharmacy owner does it all alone. That's why it's wise to align\nyourself with trusted, professional advisors who can help you navigate through\nlegal and/or business processes.\n\nLegal counsel: Identify an attorney specializing in commercial and retail\nbusinesses, preferably pharmacies. Attorneys have specialties, so make sure\nyour attorney has expertise in helping you start your business. Your attorney\nwill be one of your key business advisors — so take the time and effort to\nfind one who is knowledgeable and experienced, and with whom you can work\neasily.\n\nAccountant: Identify and consult with a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) who\nis knowledgeable about different accounting systems, retail bookkeeping,\nfinancing, taxes, and so on. Your CPA will be another of your key business\nadvisors, so you may want to interview several candidates before making your\nselection. A CPA specializing in retail business, especially one with current\nretail pharmacy clients, could be an asset to you. Don't underestimate the\nimportance of communication with your CPA; select an individual who will\ncommunicate fully, freely and patiently with you.\n\nInsurance agent: Find an insurance agent who will identify the various\ninsurance policies and protections you will need in order to minimize your\nrisk. Your insurance agent should also be an advisor to you, just like your\nattorney and accountant, so make sure he/she understands your business and\nsets up a program that meets your specific needs.\n\nIt is important to have insurance that covers you for traditional business\nliability, as well as pharmacy malpractice. If your insurance agent isn't\nfamiliar with the unique nature of pharmacy requirements, ask to speak with a\npharmacy specialist in the insurance carrier's home office. You may also check\nwith your state pharmacy association for a referral.\n\nVisit the National Alliance of State Pharmacy Associations to learn more.\n\nRemember, insurance is your protection from problems both anticipated and\nunanticipated. Details matter, so understand nuances such as the difference\nbetween coverage limits on \"claims made\" policies versus \"occurrence\"\npolicies. Some of the policies you are likely to need include:\n\n * Professional liability\n * Property and casualty\n * Key man insurance\n * Life insurance\n * Healthcare insurance for you and your employees\n * Disability insurance\n * Car insurance if you have a delivery vehicle\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Where you do business can make all the difference.\n\nYou've probably heard the phrase, \"The three most important factors for a\nbusiness are: location, location, location.\" Simply stated, where a business\nis located has huge effect on how it performs. With that in mind, we recommend\na three-part process that can help guide your location-selection process.\n\n1\\. Identify opportunities.\n\nIdentify, analyze and evaluate target locations before selecting your location\n\nIf starting a new pharmacy, identify locations by exploring many\nopportunities, such as:\n\n * Contacting Chambers of Commerce to learn about opportunities (rural communities looking for a new pharmacy, tax incentives, and so on)\n * Contacting pharmacy wholesalers, such as McKesson, to learn about opportunities\n * Speaking with commercial real estate agents in the area\n\n2\\. Do your research.\n\nOnce a location is identified, research the location or pharmacy's viability\nthrough:\n\n * Conducting market and competitive analyses\n * Reviewing a demographic survey and projections\n * Speaking to local business owners and residents\n * Speaking to local physicians and other healthcare providers\n\n3\\. Negotiate and sign the papers.\n\n * Once you have identified the location or business, work with your CPA and attorney to structure the deal and bring it to completion\n\nBack to Top +\n\nPrevious: Start a New Independent Pharmacy+\n\nNext: Business Basics+\n\nTrademark of JLL. This link is being provided as a convenience and for\ninformational purposes only; they do not constitute an endorsement or an\napproval by RxOwnership of any of the products, services or opinions of JLL.\n\n### Ready to Get Started?\n\nWhether you are acquiring your first pharmacy or expanding with additional\nlocations, there are a few key steps that will put you on the path to success.\n\nTIPS\n\n * Evaluate market's economic landscape\n * Assemble a team of trusted advisors\n\nTeam up with RxOwnership to start your pharmacy +\n\n * Home\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * McKesson.com\n * HealthMart.com\n * Contact Us\n\n©2011-2016 McKesson Corporation. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://smartretailingrx.com/buying-selling-pharmacy/starting-a-pharmacy/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170417130750/http://smartretailingrx.com/buying-selling-pharmacy/starting-a-pharmacy/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Starting a Pharmacy: What to Consider", "passages": [ "If you’re eager to open your own independent community pharmacy, starting one from scratch can be faster and less expensive than buying an existing pharmacy. You can move from signing a lease to the ribbon cutting in just six months (but you’ll probably need to operate seven to nine months before you see a positive cash flow).", "Go into it with your eyes wide open; independent pharmacy is not a “just build it and they will come” opportunity. You need a well thought-out and detailed business plan, legal and financial advice and consistent marketing. If you’ve worked in an independent pharmacy or served as the pharmacist in charge for a chain, you will have a solid background for running your own pharmacy. But if you’ve just graduated or worked in a hospital setting, experience working in a retail pharmacy and advice from pharmacy mentors will be crucial.", "Although it’s a complex process, McKesson’s RxOwnership^® team regularly shepherds pharmacy owners through with free advice and resources. Our checklist for starting a pharmacy gives you an overview of the process, step by step. Based on our experience, here are five important tips to put you on the path to success.", "Find an attorney who understands the independent retail pharmacy business, or at least small retail businesses. One of the first steps in starting your business is setting up its legal status. Choosing whether to establish a sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability corporation, “C” corporation or “S” corporation will affect the finances and operations of your pharmacy. Your attorney will need expertise in — or connections with other attorneys who are experts in — other topics, including healthcare and employment law.", "You also need an accountant and an insurance broker, and you may want to consult experts in other fields, including real estate, technology and human services. As soon as you negotiate a lease or buy a lot on which to build, you will need a pharmacy designer to create the pharmacy design plan you’ll use to apply for your state license. To create your own team of expert advisers, ask for recommendations through your network of pharmacy owners, state pharmacy association, state board of pharmacy or wholesaler representative, or look in trade journals or online.", "Potential customers are already going somewhere else for their pharmacy needs, so your business plan will need to answer, “Why are they going to come to me?” In answering this question and developing your plan:", "Analyze the population. Study the demographics of the population and the prescribers in the area. Is there a large enough population to support your pharmacy, and are there enough prescribers for any niche services you plan to offer? RxOwnership can assist you, at no cost, with information about populations and prescribers. Even more detailed information about prescribers is available through McKesson’s Physician Outreach Program.", "Understand customers’ needs. Talk with community members about what they want, and what about current pharmacies in the area frustrates them. Ask physicians what they are having problems doing or getting for their patients.", "Assess the market opportunity. To develop your business plan, you must understand where the pharmacy business currently stands and where it is heading in the next three to five years. For example, if you are opening a store right now, you need to think about how to improve patients’ medication adherence, because that will become a key factor in the future success of independent pharmacies. (See How Health Plans and PBMs Evaluate Pharmacy Performance.)", "Create marketing plans. Marketing is a key and often overlooked area in an independent pharmacy’s business plan. Offering better customer service than the competition may keep people coming back, but it won’t bring them in the door in the first place. Plan from the beginning what will set your pharmacy apart and how you will get people in the store.", "Connect with the community. Meet with HR managers of local businesses to talk about offering an immunization day at their office or a brown-bag lunch lecture on healthy eating. Look for opportunities to reach out to schools, youth sports teams and places of worship.", "Once you’ve written your business plan, it should be a living document that you review and update often, especially in the early going. That allows you to ensure you are on track with your plans, make any adjustments and adapt to changing factors that are affecting your business.", "For any retail business, a critical success factor is location, location, location. To choose where to open your pharmacy, consider:", "Access. Can people easily enter and exit? Is there plenty of parking, as well as room for a drive-thru window or curbside service?", "Retailers such as Starbucks and McDonald’s conduct extensive research before settling on a location, so having one of those nearby can be a good sign. An independent pharmacy can thrive near one of the big chain pharmacies, if you set your pharmacy apart with your products and services.", "If an independent pharmacy recently closed in an area, you should understand the reasons why. This may present an opportunity to capture customers who were already going to an independent pharmacy and value the service that independent pharmacies provide. However, you will have only about a six-month window to save that customer base.", "Also, consider the proximity of other sources of business. For example, if you plan to serve an assisted living facility, you don’t want to be so far away that your delivery costs will be high. Opening in or near a medical clinic can give you ready access to customers as they leave a doctor’s office. However, you need to think about what this might mean for refill opportunities. Is it convenient for customers to come back for refills before they visit their doctor again? Talk with prescribers in the clinic to see if you can collaborate and offer services such as medication therapy management and disease state management.", "Although you are just opening, think about what you want to be doing with the business in 5 or 10 years. Balance having room to grow with rent costs and the need to fill space with products.", "Opening inventory financing, to pay for initial products to stock your store. While wholesalers will usually provide favorable terms, remember that you are unlikely to have a positive cash flow for at least six months. (Also note, to plan your opening inventory, your wholesaler can give you a sample prescription medication order for a pharmacy of your size that you can tweak, and a sample OTC order with planograms based on the size of the various departments in your pharmacy.)", "Understanding your financial needs will help you determine whom to approach for a loan — a commercial lender, Small Business Administration lender or a wholesaler. McKesson, for example, will provide loans for a build-out.", "You may need $300,000 in startup capital, separate from working capital, and lenders typically will want to see a 20% investment from the owner. Keep in mind that one of the biggest reasons new independent pharmacies fail is undercapitalization. Retail pharmacy is a unique business, because when you fill a prescription, the customer pays only a portion of the cost, and you may have to wait 30 to 45 days to receive the rest of the payment from payers. You need to plan for that delay in cash flow.", "A grand opening is a great event to show off your new pharmacy, but give yourself one or two months of operating to work out any kinks in your operations first.", "Before your grand opening, announce your business with “Coming Soon” advertisements, and talk to businesses in the area that might be able to use your services, from workplaces to long-term care facilities to prisons.", "Consider joining the local Chamber of Commerce, and invite the mayor to do the ribbon cutting, which makes the newspaper more likely to cover the event. Local minor league and semiprofessional sports teams also may be available for grand-opening events.", "Plan events that will bring in your target customers. For example, if you are aiming for young parents, offer fingerprinting of children with the local police department, or bring in older customers by offering a free diabetes screening and education program. Partner with other businesses in the area, too, by giving away gift cards to a nearby restaurant.", "Keep in mind that as you work to open your new pharmacy, you aren’t alone and you don’t have to start from scratch. Health Mart^® offers a marketing hub with extensive materials to customize for your pharmacy, and your buying group may have a program to help promote your grand opening.", "Failing to define your niche and provide a compelling reason for customers to choose your pharmacy. Friendly service isn’t enough. For example, will you be like every other pharmacy in your area, including chains? Or, will you be the only pharmacy in the area to offer free delivery, bilingual staff, compounding, specialty pet medications, or breast-feeding classes and hard-to-find nursing products?", "Undercapitalizing the business by not having enough money to run the pharmacy until there is positive cash flow. Plan to have three to five times the amount of your initial inventory cost for working capital.", "Not allowing enough time. From the time you receive your state pharmacy permit, it can take up to three months to get your pharmacy ready to open. It can take one month just to load your pharmacy system with the information from all the third-party plans.", "Trying to do it alone. Starting an independent pharmacy is a complex process, so take advantage of expert knowledge to guide you. That includes talking with mentors and other contacts with the state pharmacy board and association, the legal and financial experts with whom you are working and the free RxOwnership advisors and resources.", "constitute legal advice. We make no representations with regard to the content’s comprehensiveness. You are solely responsible for investigating and complying with all applicable laws that govern the operation of your business.", "ACO Adherence advocacy Business Planning buying clinical compliance Counseling diabetes efficiency front end Generics health insurance Hiring Human Resources immunizations insurance inventory legislation Marketing Medicare Medicare Part D Med Sync Networks operations Ownership patient Patient Care peer-to-peer performance pharmacy pharmacy technology Promotions public affairs regulatory Revenue Revenue Opportunities Selling Social Media Staffing star ratings succession planning technology Trends vaccinations" ] }, "parsed_md": "Starting a Pharmacy: What to Consider - Smart Retailing Rx\n\n * Health Mart\n * Smart Retailing Rx\n * McKesson ideaShare\n\nSmart Retailing Rx\n\n###### Insights for Better Pharmacy Health | Independent Pharmacy Blog\n\n# Starting a Pharmacy: What to Consider\n\nBy Smart Retailing Rx | May 27, 2014 | TOPIC: Buying or Selling a Pharmacy\n\n(68 votes, average: 3.13 out of 5)\n\nLoading...\n\n5 activities to successfully launch a new store; 5 mistakes to avoid.\n\nBy Chris Cella, R.Ph. Vice President, Northeast Region RxOwnership\n\nIf you’re eager to open your own independent community pharmacy, starting one\nfrom scratch can be faster and less expensive than buying an existing\npharmacy. You can move from signing a lease to the ribbon cutting in just six\nmonths (but you’ll probably need to operate seven to nine months before you\nsee a positive cash flow).\n\nGo into it with your eyes wide open; independent pharmacy is not a “just build\nit and they will come” opportunity. You need a well thought-out and detailed\nbusiness plan, legal and financial advice and consistent marketing. If you’ve\nworked in an independent pharmacy or served as the pharmacist in charge for a\nchain, you will have a solid background for running your own pharmacy. But if\nyou’ve just graduated or worked in a hospital setting, experience working in a\nretail pharmacy and advice from pharmacy mentors will be crucial.\n\nAlthough it’s a complex process, McKesson’s RxOwnership^® team regularly\nshepherds pharmacy owners through with free advice and resources. Our\nchecklist for starting a pharmacy gives you an overview of the process, step\nby step. Based on our experience, here are five important tips to put you on\nthe path to success.\n\n1\\. Tap into Expert Advice\n\nFind an attorney who understands the independent retail pharmacy business, or\nat least small retail businesses. One of the first steps in starting your\nbusiness is setting up its legal status. Choosing whether to establish a sole\nproprietorship, partnership, limited liability corporation, “C” corporation or\n“S” corporation will affect the finances and operations of your pharmacy. Your\nattorney will need expertise in — or connections with other attorneys who are\nexperts in — other topics, including healthcare and employment law.\n\nYou also need an accountant and an insurance broker, and you may want to\nconsult experts in other fields, including real estate, technology and human\nservices. As soon as you negotiate a lease or buy a lot on which to build, you\nwill need a pharmacy designer to create the pharmacy design plan you’ll use to\napply for your state license. To create your own team of expert advisers, ask\nfor recommendations through your network of pharmacy owners, state pharmacy\nassociation, state board of pharmacy or wholesaler representative, or look in\ntrade journals or online.\n\n2\\. Develop Your Business Plan\n\nPotential customers are already going somewhere else for their pharmacy needs,\nso your business plan will need to answer, “Why are they going to come to me?”\nIn answering this question and developing your plan:\n\n * Analyze the population. Study the demographics of the population and the prescribers in the area. Is there a large enough population to support your pharmacy, and are there enough prescribers for any niche services you plan to offer? RxOwnership can assist you, at no cost, with information about populations and prescribers. Even more detailed information about prescribers is available through McKesson’s Physician Outreach Program.\n * Understand customers’ needs. Talk with community members about what they want, and what about current pharmacies in the area frustrates them. Ask physicians what they are having problems doing or getting for their patients.\n * Assess the market opportunity. To develop your business plan, you must understand where the pharmacy business currently stands and where it is heading in the next three to five years. For example, if you are opening a store right now, you need to think about how to improve patients’ medication adherence, because that will become a key factor in the future success of independent pharmacies. (See How Health Plans and PBMs Evaluate Pharmacy Performance.)\n * Create marketing plans. Marketing is a key and often overlooked area in an independent pharmacy’s business plan. Offering better customer service than the competition may keep people coming back, but it won’t bring them in the door in the first place. Plan from the beginning what will set your pharmacy apart and how you will get people in the store.\n * Connect with the community. Meet with HR managers of local businesses to talk about offering an immunization day at their office or a brown-bag lunch lecture on healthy eating. Look for opportunities to reach out to schools, youth sports teams and places of worship.\n\nOnce you’ve written your business plan, it should be a living document that\nyou review and update often, especially in the early going. That allows you to\nensure you are on track with your plans, make any adjustments and adapt to\nchanging factors that are affecting your business.\n\n3\\. Choose a Great Location.\n\nFor any retail business, a critical success factor is location, location,\nlocation. To choose where to open your pharmacy, consider:\n\n * Traffic. Are people who would be ideal customers regularly traveling in this area?\n * Opportunity. Are there nearby businesses, such as medical offices, that will provide a constant flow of potential customers?\n * Visibility. Will people be able to see your pharmacy, or are there too many obstructions and limitations on signs?\n * Access. Can people easily enter and exit? Is there plenty of parking, as well as room for a drive-thru window or curbside service?\n * Size. Can your pharmacy grow in this location?\n\nRetailers such as Starbucks and McDonald’s conduct extensive research before\nsettling on a location, so having one of those nearby can be a good sign. An\nindependent pharmacy can thrive near one of the big chain pharmacies, if you\nset your pharmacy apart with your products and services.\n\nIf an independent pharmacy recently closed in an area, you should understand\nthe reasons why. This may present an opportunity to capture customers who were\nalready going to an independent pharmacy and value the service that\nindependent pharmacies provide. However, you will have only about a six-month\nwindow to save that customer base.\n\nAlso, consider the proximity of other sources of business. For example, if you\nplan to serve an assisted living facility, you don’t want to be so far away\nthat your delivery costs will be high. Opening in or near a medical clinic can\ngive you ready access to customers as they leave a doctor’s office. However,\nyou need to think about what this might mean for refill opportunities. Is it\nconvenient for customers to come back for refills before they visit their\ndoctor again? Talk with prescribers in the clinic to see if you can\ncollaborate and offer services such as medication therapy management and\ndisease state management.\n\nAlthough you are just opening, think about what you want to be doing with the\nbusiness in 5 or 10 years. Balance having room to grow with rent costs and the\nneed to fill space with products.\n\n4\\. Follow the Money\n\nIn your business plan and financial statements, include three types of\nfunding:\n\n * Build-out capital to pay for building the store, renovations, fixtures and other fixed assets.\n * Opening inventory financing, to pay for initial products to stock your store. While wholesalers will usually provide favorable terms, remember that you are unlikely to have a positive cash flow for at least six months. (Also note, to plan your opening inventory, your wholesaler can give you a sample prescription medication order for a pharmacy of your size that you can tweak, and a sample OTC order with planograms based on the size of the various departments in your pharmacy.)\n * Working capital for day-to-day operations.\n\nUnderstanding your financial needs will help you determine whom to approach\nfor a loan — a commercial lender, Small Business Administration lender or a\nwholesaler. McKesson, for example, will provide loans for a build-out.\n\nYou may need $300,000 in startup capital, separate from working capital, and\nlenders typically will want to see a 20% investment from the owner. Keep in\nmind that one of the biggest reasons new independent pharmacies fail is\nundercapitalization. Retail pharmacy is a unique business, because when you\nfill a prescription, the customer pays only a portion of the cost, and you may\nhave to wait 30 to 45 days to receive the rest of the payment from payers. You\nneed to plan for that delay in cash flow.\n\n5\\. Open Before Your Grand Opening\n\nA grand opening is a great event to show off your new pharmacy, but give\nyourself one or two months of operating to work out any kinks in your\noperations first.\n\nBefore your grand opening, announce your business with “Coming Soon”\nadvertisements, and talk to businesses in the area that might be able to use\nyour services, from workplaces to long-term care facilities to prisons.\n\nConsider joining the local Chamber of Commerce, and invite the mayor to do the\nribbon cutting, which makes the newspaper more likely to cover the event.\nLocal minor league and semiprofessional sports teams also may be available for\ngrand-opening events.\n\nPlan events that will bring in your target customers. For example, if you are\naiming for young parents, offer fingerprinting of children with the local\npolice department, or bring in older customers by offering a free diabetes\nscreening and education program. Partner with other businesses in the area,\ntoo, by giving away gift cards to a nearby restaurant.\n\nKeep in mind that as you work to open your new pharmacy, you aren’t alone and\nyou don’t have to start from scratch. Health Mart^® offers a marketing hub\nwith extensive materials to customize for your pharmacy, and your buying group\nmay have a program to help promote your grand opening.\n\n> 5 Mistakes to Avoid\n>\n> 1. Failing to define your niche and provide a compelling reason for\n> customers to choose your pharmacy. Friendly service isn’t enough. For\n> example, will you be like every other pharmacy in your area, including\n> chains? Or, will you be the only pharmacy in the area to offer free\n> delivery, bilingual staff, compounding, specialty pet medications, or\n> breast-feeding classes and hard-to-find nursing products?\n> 2. Undercapitalizing the business by not having enough money to run the\n> pharmacy until there is positive cash flow. Plan to have three to five times\n> the amount of your initial inventory cost for working capital.\n> 3. Not allowing enough time. From the time you receive your state pharmacy\n> permit, it can take up to three months to get your pharmacy ready to open.\n> It can take one month just to load your pharmacy system with the information\n> from all the third-party plans.\n> 4. Skimping on marketing. Your business plan must include a strategy,\n> resources and investments for marketing your pharmacy.\n> 5. Trying to do it alone. Starting an independent pharmacy is a complex\n> process, so take advantage of expert knowledge to guide you. That includes\n> talking with mentors and other contacts with the state pharmacy board and\n> association, the legal and financial experts with whom you are working and\n> the free RxOwnership advisors and resources.\n>\n\nRunning your own pharmacy business can be an exciting, rewarding experience.\nWhile there’s a lot that goes into getting up and running, you’re not without\nresources — from planning checklists to location analysis to recommendations\non inventory, vendors and technology. Whether you chose to join a franchise\nlike Health Mart or work with other sources, finding the right partners can\nhelp reduce your risks and expedite your opening.\n\nShare your best advice for starting a pharmacy below, and read Start-Up\nSuccess Stories of pharmacy ownership at www.rxownership.com.\n\n###### The information provided here is for reference only and does not\nconstitute legal advice. We make no representations with regard to the\ncontent’s comprehensiveness. You are solely responsible for investigating and\ncomplying with all applicable laws that govern the operation of your business.\n\nTagged with → Business Planning • insurance • inventory • Marketing •\nOwnership • Staffing\n\nPrevious article Next article\n\n * Sandeep\n\nWhat is the first step that one should take to start a Pharmacy business?\n\n * ## Your Power to Perform\n\n# WARNING: Attendance may cause extreme success.\n\nRegister by April 30 to save $100 »\n\n * ### Going above and beyond isn’t beyond us.\n\nHealth Mart^® ranked “Highest in Customer Satisfaction with Chain Drug Store\nPharmacies” in the J.D. Power 2016 U.S. Pharmacy Study.\n\nLearn More\n\n * ### Visit Our Education Centers\n\n### Medication Synchronization\n\nGet started, get more patients, get more out of Med Sync!\n\nGet Resources\n\n### Driving Pharmacy Performance\n\nGet educated and take action!\n\nLearn More\n\nSPONSORED BY\n\n * ### Follow Smart Retailing Rx\n\nGet the email newsletter\n\nGet the RSS feed\n\n@SmartRetailing\n\nMcKesson Retail Pharmacy\n\n * ### Article Topics\n\n * Adherence (5)\n * Alternate site (1)\n * Business (3)\n * Buying or Selling a Pharmacy (19)\n * Drug Safety (3)\n * Drug Trends (5)\n * Financial Management (1)\n * Hiring (6)\n * Leadership (1)\n * Long-term care (1)\n * Management (1)\n * Marketing & Promotions (63)\n * Medication Synchronization (8)\n * New Opportunities (8)\n * Operations (3)\n * Ownership (2)\n * Patient Care & Counseling (59)\n * Pharmacy Operations (49)\n * Pharmacy Performance (9)\n * Pharmacy Technology (14)\n * Professional Development (2)\n * Regulation (6)\n * Regulatory/Public Affairs (27)\n * Revenue Generation (2)\n * Revenue Growth (7)\n * Revenue Opportunities (34)\n * Staffing/HR (22)\n * Star Ratings (13)\n * Supply Chain (1)\n * Uncategorized (1)\n * Videos (5)\n\n * ### Tags\n\nACO Adherence advocacy Business Planning buying clinical compliance Counseling\ndiabetes efficiency front end Generics health insurance Hiring Human Resources\nimmunizations insurance inventory legislation Marketing Medicare Medicare Part\nD Med Sync Networks operations Ownership patient Patient Care peer-to-peer\nperformance pharmacy pharmacy technology Promotions public affairs regulatory\nRevenue Revenue Opportunities Selling Social Media Staffing star ratings\nsuccession planning technology Trends vaccinations\n\n * Home\n * Topics\n * About Us\n * About McKesson\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Comment Policy\n\n©2017 McKesson Corporation. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://cardinal.com/us/en/essential-insights/qas/EI-QandA-SageAdviceFromPharmacists", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150414194809/http://cardinal.com/us/en/essential-insights/qas/EI-QandA-SageAdviceFromPharmacists", "parsed_text": { "title": "Retail Pharmacy -- Cardinal Health", "passages": [ "Community pharmacists. Not only do they play an important role in our nation's health care delivery system, they're also the most accessible healthcare resources for millions of patients across the country - especially those living in rural and very urban communities. And according to Gallup's annual poll, they also rank as the most trusted of all professionals in all industries - second only to nurses.", "Essential Insights caught up with six of the nation's leading community pharmacy owners - from Texas to Nebraska - to see what advice they'd share with fellow pharmacists and pharmacy students who are considering pharmacy ownership. Here's what they had to say.", "\"Buy an existing pharmacy, don't start from scratch trying to build one from the ground up,\" recommends Balch, who has built a network of five retail pharmacies in Maryland, and has been an independent pharmacist for nearly 40 years.", "Most pharmacy owners will at some point need to look at options for selling their pharmacies, and Balch believes most would prefer to sell to another pharmacist who's committed to keeping the business independent.", "The upside for the buyer is the chance to own a pharmacy that already has strong local name recognition and an existing base of patients. Many retiring pharmacists even welcome the opportunity to transition the business over time", "giving the new owner the chance to take more time to learn the business. But Balch cautions, \"You've also got to commit to working hard, and you've got to be willing to listen and accept advice from others,\" noting that being both a pharmacist and a business owner requires the ability to 'know what you don't know,' and to actively solicit advice from other business professionals who can fill in your gaps of knowledge.", "Andy Kornuves, an owner of Doughterty's Pharmacy, which has been a Dallas, Texas institution since 1929, echoes Balch's sentiment, \"Only own a pharmacy if you truly want to help people.\"", "Komuves believes that the most successful (and happy) pharmacy owners are the ones who truly enjoy getting 'out behind the counter' to interact with patients, one on one. He believes it's that personal patient interaction - and the ability to help patients improve outcomes - that really sets independent pharmacies apart.", "\"Dougherty's Pharmacy is our area's oldest, largest, and most-recognized full- service pharmacy, and we serve customers across Southwest Texas. This pharmacy was founded at the start of the Great Depression, and our original owner set the bar as a customer-oriented pharmacy dedicated to its patients' well-being. It's that patient-focused dedication that has led to 85 years of success.\"", "\"It's really important to understand that you can't just open the doors and expect your business to grow - you must work at it every single day,\" says Tom Pucci, owner of Pucci's Leader Pharmacy in Sacramento. He also highlights how important it is to hire the right people - employees who share your commitment to customer service and your passion for caring for patients - and the importance of creating a positive work environment to attract and retain the best talent. \"Take care of your employees. They are the face of your business,\" said Pucci.", "Pucci also underscores the importance of forging relationships with other community health professionals. \"Get out of your store and call on doctors' offices to see how you can help them improve patient care. We are a face with a name in an increasingly electronic, all-too-often faceless healthcare system. Other healthcare professionals, and patients, know we care, because we own our businesses. They know we make great partners because our pharmacy's success is our success.\"", "from accountants to pharmacy technicians. You can't do it alone and you need a good team. Then take time away from day-to-day pharmacy activities to be a leader and a manager for the team you build.\"", "\"Keep up with the technologies that can save you valuable time and help you run a better, more cost-efficient business,\" adds Hubert. \"Whether it's an inventory management solution or a reimbursement consulting technology - educate yourself about available technologies. They can save you both time and money and help you run a better business.\"", "Theresa Tolle highlights the important role that peer mentoring plays for community pharmacists. She notes that while you may be the only pharmacy owner in your specific community, it's important to connect with pharmacy owners in neighboring communities - and even across the country - to get ideas and to learn what's working for them.", "\"Do your research. Find mentors, visit other pharmacies to learn how they run their businesses. Join professional organizations like NCPA - take their community pharmacy ownership training class. If you're a female pharmacist, get involved with groups like the Women in Pharmacy initiative,\" says Tolle. She also urges new pharmacy owners to attend industry trade shows and events where they can meet and network with hundreds of peers at one time.", "The ability to impact patient health may be a particularly rewarding aspect of pharmacy ownership, but Gerry O'Hare, owner of Jeffrey's Drug Store in Canonsburg, Penn., cautions that launching a brand new pharmacy can be challenging. And O'Hare should know. He was a pharmacist at Jeffrey's Drug store for five years before buying the pharmacy in 2003.", "\"Know that opening a new community pharmacy from scratch can be very difficult. Look at the market, or work with a partner like Cardinal Health who can help you find a store with a pharmacist looking to retire,\" says O'Hare. While finding the right pharmacy to buy may take time and effort, O'Hare says the work is worth it.", "\"Most pharmacy owners are the kind of people who are active in their local schools, churches and civic associations. We get the most gratification from having the chance to serve our family, friends and neighbors, and by having the freedom and flexibility to adapt our businesses to meet the unique needs of our customers. Pharmacy is a great business as long as you are not greedy and willing to work hard - you can make a great living and help a lot of people.\"", "Interested in learning more about pharmacy ownership? Contact Jimmy Neil, Cardinal Health's vice president of Pharmacy Transition and Investment Strategies, at jimmy.neil@cardinalhealth.com." ] }, "parsed_md": "Pharmacy Ownership | Retail Pharmacy -- Cardinal Health\n\nEssential Insights // Q&As; // Thinking of owning a retail pharmacy? Get\nadvice from 6 successful pharmacist entrepreneurs\n\nCOM_AssetLib/NVG-LeftNavAjax\n\n# Thinking of owning a retail pharmacy? Get advice from 6 successful\npharmacist entrepreneurs\n\nContact\n\nGet more information on how Cardinal Health can help your organization.\n\nGet more information\n\nTweet #essentialinsights\n\nCommunity pharmacists. Not only do they play an important role in our nation's\nhealth care delivery system, they're also the most accessible healthcare\nresources for millions of patients across the country - especially those\nliving in rural and very urban communities. And according to Gallup's annual\npoll, they also rank as the most trusted of all professionals in all\nindustries - second only to nurses.\n\nEssential Insights caught up with six of the nation's leading community\npharmacy owners - from Texas to Nebraska - to see what advice they'd share\nwith fellow pharmacists and pharmacy students who are considering pharmacy\nownership. Here's what they had to say.\n\nJohn Balch, R.Ph. The PharmaCare Network Maryland\n\n\"Buy an existing pharmacy, don't start from scratch trying to build one from\nthe ground up,\" recommends Balch, who has built a network of five retail\npharmacies in Maryland, and has been an independent pharmacist for nearly 40\nyears.\n\nMost pharmacy owners will at some point need to look at options for selling\ntheir pharmacies, and Balch believes most would prefer to sell to another\npharmacist who's committed to keeping the business independent.\n\nThe upside for the buyer is the chance to own a pharmacy that already has\nstrong local name recognition and an existing base of patients. Many retiring\npharmacists even welcome the opportunity to transition the business over time\n- giving the new owner the chance to take more time to learn the business. But\nBalch cautions, \"You've also got to commit to working hard, and you've got to\nbe willing to listen and accept advice from others,\" noting that being both a\npharmacist and a business owner requires the ability to 'know what you don't\nknow,' and to actively solicit advice from other business professionals who\ncan fill in your gaps of knowledge.\n\nAndy Komuves, R.Ph. Doughterty's Pharmacy Texas\n\nAndy Kornuves, an owner of Doughterty's Pharmacy, which has been a Dallas,\nTexas institution since 1929, echoes Balch's sentiment, \"Only own a pharmacy\nif you truly want to help people.\"\n\nKomuves believes that the most successful (and happy) pharmacy owners are the\nones who truly enjoy getting 'out behind the counter' to interact with\npatients, one on one. He believes it's that personal patient interaction - and\nthe ability to help patients improve outcomes - that really sets independent\npharmacies apart.\n\n\"Dougherty's Pharmacy is our area's oldest, largest, and most-recognized full-\nservice pharmacy, and we serve customers across Southwest Texas. This pharmacy\nwas founded at the start of the Great Depression, and our original owner set\nthe bar as a customer-oriented pharmacy dedicated to its patients' well-being.\nIt's that patient-focused dedication that has led to 85 years of success.\"\n\nTom Nelson Pucci's Leader Pharmacy California\n\n\"It's really important to understand that you can't just open the doors and\nexpect your business to grow - you must work at it every single day,\" says Tom\nPucci, owner of Pucci's Leader Pharmacy in Sacramento. He also highlights how\nimportant it is to hire the right people - employees who share your commitment\nto customer service and your passion for caring for patients - and the\nimportance of creating a positive work environment to attract and retain the\nbest talent. \"Take care of your employees. They are the face of your\nbusiness,\" said Pucci.\n\nPucci also underscores the importance of forging relationships with other\ncommunity health professionals. \"Get out of your store and call on doctors'\noffices to see how you can help them improve patient care. We are a face with\na name in an increasingly electronic, all-too-often faceless healthcare\nsystem. Other healthcare professionals, and patients, know we care, because we\nown our businesses. They know we make great partners because our pharmacy's\nsuccess is our success.\"\n\nStaci Hubert Ashland Pharmacy Nebraska\n\nStaci Hubert, owner of Ashland Pharmacy in Nebraska, agrees. \"Hire good people\n- from accountants to pharmacy technicians. You can't do it alone and you need\na good team. Then take time away from day-to-day pharmacy activities to be a\nleader and a manager for the team you build.\"\n\n\"Keep up with the technologies that can save you valuable time and help you\nrun a better, more cost-efficient business,\" adds Hubert. \"Whether it's an\ninventory management solution or a reimbursement consulting technology -\neducate yourself about available technologies. They can save you both time and\nmoney and help you run a better business.\"\n\nTheresa Tolle Bay Street Pharmacy Florida\n\nTheresa Tolle highlights the important role that peer mentoring plays for\ncommunity pharmacists. She notes that while you may be the only pharmacy owner\nin your specific community, it's important to connect with pharmacy owners in\nneighboring communities - and even across the country - to get ideas and to\nlearn what's working for them.\n\n\"Do your research. Find mentors, visit other pharmacies to learn how they run\ntheir businesses. Join professional organizations like NCPA - take their\ncommunity pharmacy ownership training class. If you're a female pharmacist,\nget involved with groups like the Women in Pharmacy initiative,\" says Tolle.\nShe also urges new pharmacy owners to attend industry trade shows and events\nwhere they can meet and network with hundreds of peers at one time.\n\nGerry O'Hare Jeffrey's Drug Store Pennsylvania\n\nThe ability to impact patient health may be a particularly rewarding aspect of\npharmacy ownership, but Gerry O'Hare, owner of Jeffrey's Drug Store in\nCanonsburg, Penn., cautions that launching a brand new pharmacy can be\nchallenging. And O'Hare should know. He was a pharmacist at Jeffrey's Drug\nstore for five years before buying the pharmacy in 2003.\n\n\"Know that opening a new community pharmacy from scratch can be very\ndifficult. Look at the market, or work with a partner like Cardinal Health who\ncan help you find a store with a pharmacist looking to retire,\" says O'Hare.\nWhile finding the right pharmacy to buy may take time and effort, O'Hare says\nthe work is worth it.\n\n\"Most pharmacy owners are the kind of people who are active in their local\nschools, churches and civic associations. We get the most gratification from\nhaving the chance to serve our family, friends and neighbors, and by having\nthe freedom and flexibility to adapt our businesses to meet the unique needs\nof our customers. Pharmacy is a great business as long as you are not greedy\nand willing to work hard - you can make a great living and help a lot of\npeople.\"\n\nInterested in learning more about pharmacy ownership? Contact Jimmy Neil,\nCardinal Health's vice president of Pharmacy Transition and Investment\nStrategies, at jimmy.neil@cardinalhealth.com.\n\nEssential Insights // Q&As; // Thinking of owning a retail pharmacy? Get\nadvice from 6 successful pharmacist entrepreneurs\n\n## Businesses\n\n * Presource^® products and services\n * OptiFreight^® Logistics\n * Medi-Vac^® suction and fluid collection products\n * ValueLink^® Supply Management Services\n * EnduraTM Performance Apparel\n * SmartGownTM surgical gowns\n * Regulatory Sciences\n\n## Products\n\n * DuraBlueTM sterilization wrap\n * Gloves\n * Fluid Management\n * Perioperative & OR\n * ProtexisTM powder-free surgical gloves\n * Surgical apparel\n * Surgical drapes\n * Thermal therapy\n * Topical Skin Adhesives\n\n## Services\n\n * Cardinal Health Integrated Logistics (3PL)\n * Indirect Suppliers\n * Specialty Solutions\n * Nuclear Pharmacy\n * Supply Chain Management\n * Wound Closure Management\n\n## Offerings\n\n * Medication Safety\n * GenerationRx\n * One source\n * Flu Preparedness\n * Latex Allergy Management\n * LeaderNET^®\n * Pandemic Preparedness\n\n## eBusiness\n\n * Registration\n * Register\n * Sign in\n * System requirements\n * Common questions\n * Purchase terms and conditions\n\n## Interactive\n\n * Social Media\n\n## Business Case Studies\n\n * Patient safety\n * Efficiency\n * Supply chain\n * Cost-effective solutions\n * Community relations\n\n## Events\n\n * 2014 Retail Business Conference\n\n## Cardinal Health\n\n© 2010 - Cardinal Health. All rights reserved.\n\nA A A\n\nSite map Privacy policy Terms of use Contact us Sign in Other\nregions/countries\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.sba.gov/blogs/how-find-accountant-who-can-help-your-small-business-over-long-haul", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181204002030/https://www.sba.gov/blogs/how-find-accountant-who-can-help-your-small-business-over-long-haul", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Find an Accountant Who Can Help Your Small Business over the Long Haul", "passages": [ "Just filed your taxes and wished you’d had the help of an accountant? Unhappy with your current accountant? Here are some tips for finding and choosing an accountant you can trust with your small business numbers and rely on for solid financial advice throughout the year.", "An accountant can save you time and clear up much of the confusion you experience when it comes to managing your finances and taxes, but a trusted accountant can provide other benefits, too.", "Act as a Trusted Advisor – More than just a tax preparer, an accountant can become a trusted advisor to your small business, helping you manage cash flow, plan for growth, assess risk, and keep your books in order.", "Help Balance Business and Personal Needs – Many small businesses, particularly sole proprietors and startups, find that their business and personal finances are closely linked. A good accountant can help you make sound judgments beneficial to both.", "Referrals are often the best way to find accountants you can trust. Network and mingle at local business events hosted by your local Chamber of Commerce, Small Business Development Center, or other small business organizations. Ask other business owners for referrals and even meet accountants. Your state accounting society can also connect you to CPAs.", "Once you have a short list, schedule a free initial consultation to help determine whether your candidates are the right fit for your needs: Some questions to ask include:", "What’s your experience with small businesses? Small businesses have dynamic and sometimes complex accounting needs and few resources to manage them. An accountant who understands these dynamics and has a solid small business client base will likely serve your needs better in the long run. You’ll also want to know that your accountant has experience with businesses that are structured like yours – whether you are a sole proprietor, LLC, partnership, or corporation.", "What experience do you have with my industry? Ideally, your accountant should have knowledge of your industry. Many accountants specialize in certain industries such as franchising, real estate, construction or exporting. Again, get referrals from others in your industry.", "Do you do more than tax preparation? If you need help with tax filing, then a tax preparer is the way to go. But if you want long-term strategic advice to help you manage your small business finances, be sure to ask about the range of value-add services, such as business valuation, budgeting and forecasting, bookkeeping, risk assessment, and small business startup advice.", "Who will I be working with? If your accountant is to become a trusted advisor, then you want to know from the get-go who exactly you’ll be working with. A smaller firm, where a partner or owner handles the bulk of the work, is often a better choice for small businesses looking for a long-term advisory relationship. The alternative is a larger firm, where you are handed off to a junior accountant after the initial handshake. Other things to consider as you compare your candidates are:", "Flexibility and responsiveness – for example, are they willing to visit your business premises for quarterly reviews? How quickly will they respond to queries or requests?", "You are the person who is ultimately responsible for your taxes and finances. Be wary of accountants who promise things that seem too good to be true. If you have concerns about an accountant's claims, you should contact your state's Board of Accountancy. You can file a complaint against a tax preparer at the IRS Office of Professional Responsibility.", "Caron Beesley is a small business owner, a writer, and marketing communications consultant. Caron works with the SBA.gov team to promote essential government resources that help entrepreneurs and small business owners start-up, grow and succeed. Follow Caron on Twitter: @caronbeesley" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Find an Accountant Who Can Help Your Small Business over the Long Haul\n| The U.S. Small Business Administration | SBA.gov\n\nSkip to main menu Skip to main content\n\nMENU\n\n## SBA Common: Main Menu\n\n## You are here\n\nSBA.gov » Blogs » Starting a Business » How to Find an Accountant Who Can Help\nYour Small Business over the Long Haul\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Youtube\n * Google+\n * SBA Blogs\n * Instagram\n\nSign UpFor Our Newsletter\n\n## Blogs.Starting a Business\n\nRegister\n\n# How to Find an Accountant Who Can Help Your Small Business over the Long\nHaul\n\nStarting a Business\n\n * SBA Blogs\n * Starting a Business\n * How to Find an Accountant Who Can Help Your Small Business over the Long Haul\n\nShare:\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google Plus\n\n### How to Find an Accountant Who Can Help Your Small Business over the Long\nHaul\n\nBy Caron_Beesley, Contributor\n\nPublished: April 16, 2012 Updated: April 30, 2012\n\nJust filed your taxes and wished you’d had the help of an accountant? Unhappy\nwith your current accountant? Here are some tips for finding and choosing an\naccountant you can trust with your small business numbers and rely on for\nsolid financial advice throughout the year.\n\nWhy Hire an Accountant\n\nAn accountant can save you time and clear up much of the confusion you\nexperience when it comes to managing your finances and taxes, but a trusted\naccountant can provide other benefits, too.\n\n * Act as a Trusted Advisor – More than just a tax preparer, an accountant can become a trusted advisor to your small business, helping you manage cash flow, plan for growth, assess risk, and keep your books in order.\n * Help Balance Business and Personal Needs – Many small businesses, particularly sole proprietors and startups, find that their business and personal finances are closely linked. A good accountant can help you make sound judgments beneficial to both.\n\nHow to Find an Accountant\n\nReferrals are often the best way to find accountants you can trust. Network\nand mingle at local business events hosted by your local Chamber of Commerce,\nSmall Business Development Center, or other small business organizations. Ask\nother business owners for referrals and even meet accountants. Your state\naccounting society can also connect you to CPAs.\n\nInterviewing Candidates\n\nOnce you have a short list, schedule a free initial consultation to help\ndetermine whether your candidates are the right fit for your needs: Some\nquestions to ask include:\n\nWhat’s your experience with small businesses? Small businesses have dynamic\nand sometimes complex accounting needs and few resources to manage them. An\naccountant who understands these dynamics and has a solid small business\nclient base will likely serve your needs better in the long run. You’ll also\nwant to know that your accountant has experience with businesses that are\nstructured like yours – whether you are a sole proprietor, LLC, partnership,\nor corporation.\n\nWhat experience do you have with my industry? Ideally, your accountant should\nhave knowledge of your industry. Many accountants specialize in certain\nindustries such as franchising, real estate, construction or exporting. Again,\nget referrals from others in your industry.\n\nDo you do more than tax preparation? If you need help with tax filing, then a\ntax preparer is the way to go. But if you want long-term strategic advice to\nhelp you manage your small business finances, be sure to ask about the range\nof value-add services, such as business valuation, budgeting and forecasting,\nbookkeeping, risk assessment, and small business startup advice.\n\nWho will I be working with? If your accountant is to become a trusted advisor,\nthen you want to know from the get-go who exactly you’ll be working with. A\nsmaller firm, where a partner or owner handles the bulk of the work, is often\na better choice for small businesses looking for a long-term advisory\nrelationship. The alternative is a larger firm, where you are handed off to a\njunior accountant after the initial handshake. Other things to consider as you\ncompare your candidates are:\n\n * Flexibility and responsiveness – for example, are they willing to visit your business premises for quarterly reviews? How quickly will they respond to queries or requests?\n * Fees and charges\n * Value-add services that you may want in the future, such as audit support or CFO services.\n * Professional qualifications, licenses (CPAs are distinguished from other accounting practitioners by strict licensing regulations), and references\n\nRemember...\n\nYou are the person who is ultimately responsible for your taxes and finances.\nBe wary of accountants who promise things that seem too good to be true. If\nyou have concerns about an accountant's claims, you should contact your\nstate's Board of Accountancy. You can file a complaint against a tax preparer\nat the IRS Office of Professional Responsibility.\n\nAdditional Resources\n\n * SBA Guide to Managing Small Business Finances and Accounting\n\n * SBA Guide to Small Business Taxes\n\n#### About the Author:\n\n##### Caron Beesley\n\nContributor\n\nCaron Beesley is a small business owner, a writer, and marketing\ncommunications consultant. Caron works with the SBA.gov team to promote\nessential government resources that help entrepreneurs and small business\nowners start-up, grow and succeed. Follow Caron on Twitter: @caronbeesley\n\n## More Posts in this category\n\nCelebrating SCORE Mentors in Action\n\nApril 13, 2017\n\nFinancial Fitness for Your Small Business\n\nApril 03, 2017\n\n8 Tips for Building Your Business Support Network\n\nAugust 31, 2016\n\nWhat is An EIN and Why Is It Important?\n\nJune 15, 2016\n\nBasic Information About Operating Agreements\n\nMay 18, 2016\n\nVIEW ALL\n\n## Meet Our Contributors\n\n * Linda McMahon\n\nSBA Administrator\n\n * James Rivera\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Michele Schimpp\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Caron Beesley\n\nContributor\n\n * Tim Berry\n\nGuest Blogger\n\n * Anita Campbell\n\nGuest Blogger\n\n * Marco Carbajo\n\nGuest Blogger\n\n * Carol Chastang\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Tiffani Clements\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Natale Goriel\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Rieva Lesonsky\n\nGuest Blogger\n\n * Joel Libava\n\nGuest Blogger\n\n * Bridget Weston Pollack\n\nGuest Blogger\n\n * Cecelia Taylor\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Barbara Weltman\n\nGuest Blogger\n\n * Shawn Pensoneau\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Kathleen McShane\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Larry Stubblefield\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Pradeep Belur\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Robb Wong\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Allen Gutierrez\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Bill Manger\n\nSBA Official\n\n * Peter J. Cazamias\n\nSBA Official\n\nVIEW ALL\n\n#### Customer Service\n\n * About SBA\n * Contact SBA\n * En Español\n * Media and Press Relations\n * SBA Locations\n * SBA Team\n\n#### About SBA.gov\n\n * Site Map\n * Privacy Policy\n * Linking Policy\n * Accessibility\n * Disclaimers\n * Social Media\n * Data Store\n * Blog\n\n#### SBA Information\n\n * Freedom of Information Act\n * No Fear Act\n * Report Fraud, Waste and Abuse\n * Initiatives\n * Plain Language\n\n#### SBA Performance\n\n * Strategic Planning\n * Performance, Budget & Financing\n * Open Government\n * Policy and Regulations\n * Eliminating Fraud, Waste, and Abuse\n\n#### Oversight\n\n * Inspector General\n * Advocacy\n * Hearings and Appeals\n * Ombudsman\n * WhiteHouse.gov\n * USA.gov\n * Regulations.gov\n\n#### Tools and Features\n\n * Online Training\n * Create a Business Plan\n * Find Events\n * Qualify for Government Contracts\n * SBA Videos\n\nU.S. Small Business Administration | 409 3rd St, SW. Washington DC 20416\n\nWhat We Do SBA Team SBA News Room SBA Performance FOIA Oversight & Advocacy\nContact SBA Privacy Policy SBA En Español Blog\n\nU.S. Small Business Administration\n\n409 3rd St, SW. Washington DC 20416\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.rxownership.com:80/store_setup_Start-ups.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160618111100/http://www.rxownership.com:80/store_setup_Start-ups.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "RxOwnership — Store Setup", "passages": [ "If you are purchasing an existing pharmacy, you may need to evaluate the store to determine the specific design and layout improvements that should be made.", "Lay out the front end of the store for proper product adjacencies; proximity to the pharmacy counter of products that require patient counseling such as diabetic supplies, analgesics and vitamins; ability to see all areas of the store and detect theft; and so on", "Make your store accessible and inviting to patients with disabilities by planning to accommodate walkers, wheelchairs and other mobility aids", "Ideally, you'll want to select environmental and décor elements that make your pharmacy an easy and inviting place to shop.", "Brand identity, including both exterior and interior signage and décor, are important ways that your pharmacy communicates with patients. The brand positions you, the pharmacist, as an important community healthcare resource.", "Above all else, the environment you create should convey trust, personal service, and the overall feel of a progressive, contemporary pharmacy.", "The right technology systems can help you run a more efficient, cost-effective pharmacy business. You may want to start by evaluating your short- and long- term automation needs. For example, if your business plan has a target of 150 prescriptions per day, you may want to request an automation study to determine your potential savings with adding a pharmacy-automation system.", "Security is a component of automation systems that few pharmacies can do without. If an adequate security system is not already in place, you will want to carefully evaluate and select a security system that meets the needs of your store.", "You may also need to select the on-hold music and messaging that will be played in your pharmacy and on the telephone. Choose music and messaging that meet the ambiance you want to create in your pharmacy and for your patients on the phone.", "McKesson Pharmacy Systems (MPS) offers a range of highly functional products and services to support the automation and management of independent pharmacies.", "As a pharmacy owner, you are part pharmacist and part retailer. In your capacity as a retailer, you may need to review systems and pricing matrices to determine what products to stock and how to price the merchandise. That includes evaluating the best mix of private-label products and brand-name products for your store. Visit the NCPA Ownership Academy to learn more. Wearing your \"retailer hat\" also includes managing the sales operation and acquiring the proper business systems and services, such as:", "Joining a franchise program like Health Mart gives you the tools you need to create a retail environment that is attractive and shopper-friendly. From customizable decor to professional merchandisers, Health Mart can give you the competitive edge right from the start.", "Looking for a comprehensive approach? McKesson's Pharmaserv® Point-of-Sale (POS) system is an integrated solution for streamlining front-end and pharmacy processes.", "As a pharmacy owner, you can't be in all places at all times to answer questions about the way your business should run. That's why owners should create an operations manual to reflect the pharmacy's policies and procedures. Alternatively, many owners choose to join a franchise like Health Mart that provides an out-of-the-box operations manual to get you started.", "However, the manual need not be set in stone; as your business evolves, you may want to reflect that evolution in the manual. Discuss any changes you are considering with your fellow managers. Your state board of pharmacy may require that certain policies and procedures be documented. Check with the Board of Pharmacy in your state for more information.", "Determining your staffing needs is something you should do before you open your pharmacy. Of course, you will have a good idea of your staffing needs based on your business plan. If you are taking over an existing pharmacy, evaluate your staffing needs and the current staff to determine if changes need to be made.", "Employee benefits are an important aspect of staffing and, if not carefully considered, a serious drain on your profitability. You'll want to determine what benefits you will be offering to your employees, and communicate these benefits clearly and in writing to avoid miscommunication. Your insurance broker can help you select an affordable, appropriate benefits package.", "Implement an employee manual and utilize the operations manual to establish policies and procedures to help you manage your business and train your employees. You have a clear idea about what you want your pharmacy to feel like for patients and customers. Convey that philosophy to your staff. Give them tangible actions to take, such as answering the telephone with, \"How may I help you today?\" and greeting each customer as they enter the store.", "Marketing involves promoting your business, services and products to your customers and the market at large. The best place to start is with a comprehensive marketing plan. Like your business plan, your marketing plan will change over time. You'll want to begin your marketing activities before your pharmacy actually opens.", "Once you've opened the doors of your pharmacy, you may want to hold a \"grand opening.\" Plan for this event to occur several weeks after you have actually opened to ensure that things are running smoothly.", "Start spreading the word right away. Contact your local referral sources by reaching out in person and/or by letter to local physicians, hospital discharge planners, senior centers, hospices, and so on to let them know that you are in business. Encourage them to patronize the pharmacy by offering discounts on products or some other enticement.", "You've no doubt heard the phrase, \"It pays to advertise.\" With that in mind, you may want to display signage and use banners, balloons and other promotional tactics to announce the opening of your pharmacy. You may also want to consider holding a wellness screening event to alert new patients and customers to your pharmacy and the services you provide.", "Remember, marketing should be an ongoing process of communicating with customers and prospects as often as possible. So, once you've established your presence in the community, continue your marketing efforts in order to keep your business \"top of mind.\"", "You found the location, so get the keys to your new pharmacy and hammer out the details of your operations." ] }, "parsed_md": "RxOwnership — Store Setup\n\n * Home\n\n * Buyers\n\n * Buyer Overview\n * First Steps\n * Business Basics\n * Store Setup\n * Financing Options\n * Buyer Services\n * Start-Ups\n\n * Start-Up Overview\n * First Steps\n * Business Basics\n * Store Setup\n * Financing Options\n * Start-Up Services\n * Sellers\n\n * Seller Overview\n * Why Make a Plan?\n * Step-by-Step Guide\n * Financing Options\n * Seller Services\n * Students\n\n * Resources\n\n * Successes\n\n * About Us\n\n * Contact Us\n\nLoading\n\nOn this page:\n\n * Environment +\n * Technology Systems +\n * Products and Services +\n * Policies and Procedures +\n * Staffing +\n * Marketing +\n\n# Store Setup\n\nIf you are purchasing an existing pharmacy, you may need to evaluate the store\nto determine the specific design and layout improvements that should be made.\n\nHere are a few guidelines that can give you a head start:\n\n * Lay out the pharmacy behind the counter for maximum workflow efficiency\n * Lay out the front end of the store for proper product adjacencies; proximity to the pharmacy counter of products that require patient counseling such as diabetic supplies, analgesics and vitamins; ability to see all areas of the store and detect theft; and so on\n * Make your store accessible and inviting to patients with disabilities by planning to accommodate walkers, wheelchairs and other mobility aids\n * Evaluate existing space or create appropriate space for sponsored clinical services, immunizations, counseling, etc.\n\nThe Health Mart website has many more resources to help with your store setup.\n\nVisit Health Mart to learn more.\n\n### Create a professional and welcoming environment.\n\nIdeally, you'll want to select environmental and décor elements that make your\npharmacy an easy and inviting place to shop.\n\nBrand identity, including both exterior and interior signage and décor, are\nimportant ways that your pharmacy communicates with patients. The brand\npositions you, the pharmacist, as an important community healthcare resource.\n\nAbove all else, the environment you create should convey trust, personal\nservice, and the overall feel of a progressive, contemporary pharmacy.\n\nHealth Mart provides helpful tools, resources and support to help independent\npharmacists create a professional and welcoming environment.\n\nVisit Health Mart to learn more.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Determine your pharmacy's automation and security needs.\n\nThe right technology systems can help you run a more efficient, cost-effective\npharmacy business. You may want to start by evaluating your short- and long-\nterm automation needs. For example, if your business plan has a target of 150\nprescriptions per day, you may want to request an automation study to\ndetermine your potential savings with adding a pharmacy-automation system.\n\nSecurity is a component of automation systems that few pharmacies can do\nwithout. If an adequate security system is not already in place, you will want\nto carefully evaluate and select a security system that meets the needs of\nyour store.\n\nYou may also need to select the on-hold music and messaging that will be\nplayed in your pharmacy and on the telephone. Choose music and messaging that\nmeet the ambiance you want to create in your pharmacy and for your patients on\nthe phone.\n\nMcKesson Pharmacy Systems (MPS) offers a range of highly functional products\nand services to support the automation and management of independent\npharmacies.\n\nLearn more about McKesson Pharmacy Systems.\n\nLearn more about Parata Systems.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Determine your product mix and other business needs.\n\nAs a pharmacy owner, you are part pharmacist and part retailer. In your\ncapacity as a retailer, you may need to review systems and pricing matrices to\ndetermine what products to stock and how to price the merchandise. That\nincludes evaluating the best mix of private-label products and brand-name\nproducts for your store. Visit the NCPA Ownership Academy to learn more.\nWearing your \"retailer hat\" also includes managing the sales operation and\nacquiring the proper business systems and services, such as:\n\n * Point-of-Sale system\n * Copier\n * Fax machine\n * High-speed Internet\n * Bank courier service\n * Cleaning and maintenance service\n * Telephone service\n * Utilities\n * Office supplies\n\nJoining a franchise program like Health Mart gives you the tools you need to\ncreate a retail environment that is attractive and shopper-friendly. From\ncustomizable decor to professional merchandisers, Health Mart can give you the\ncompetitive edge right from the start.\n\nVisit Health Mart to learn more.\n\nLooking for a comprehensive approach? McKesson's Pharmaserv® Point-of-Sale\n(POS) system is an integrated solution for streamlining front-end and pharmacy\nprocesses.\n\nLearn more about pharmacy-management software and services.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Create an operations manual to guide your business.\n\nAs a pharmacy owner, you can't be in all places at all times to answer\nquestions about the way your business should run. That's why owners should\ncreate an operations manual to reflect the pharmacy's policies and procedures.\nAlternatively, many owners choose to join a franchise like Health Mart that\nprovides an out-of-the-box operations manual to get you started.\n\nHowever, the manual need not be set in stone; as your business evolves, you\nmay want to reflect that evolution in the manual. Discuss any changes you are\nconsidering with your fellow managers. Your state board of pharmacy may\nrequire that certain policies and procedures be documented. Check with the\nBoard of Pharmacy in your state for more information.\n\nTo learn more, visit the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy.\n\nYour operations manual can include information on the following:\n\n * Days and hours of operation\n * Dress code\n * Staff responsibilities\n * Frequently asked questions\n * Opening/closing processes\n * Safety procedures\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Building a team of talented, trusted employees.\n\nDetermining your staffing needs is something you should do before you open\nyour pharmacy. Of course, you will have a good idea of your staffing needs\nbased on your business plan. If you are taking over an existing pharmacy,\nevaluate your staffing needs and the current staff to determine if changes\nneed to be made.\n\nEmployee benefits are an important aspect of staffing and, if not carefully\nconsidered, a serious drain on your profitability. You'll want to determine\nwhat benefits you will be offering to your employees, and communicate these\nbenefits clearly and in writing to avoid miscommunication. Your insurance\nbroker can help you select an affordable, appropriate benefits package.\n\nInterview, hire and train your starting staff prior to opening your pharmacy\ndoors.\n\nImplement an employee manual and utilize the operations manual to establish\npolicies and procedures to help you manage your business and train your\nemployees. You have a clear idea about what you want your pharmacy to feel\nlike for patients and customers. Convey that philosophy to your staff. Give\nthem tangible actions to take, such as answering the telephone with, \"How may\nI help you today?\" and greeting each customer as they enter the store.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Develop a proactive marketing plan.\n\nMarketing involves promoting your business, services and products to your\ncustomers and the market at large. The best place to start is with a\ncomprehensive marketing plan. Like your business plan, your marketing plan\nwill change over time. You'll want to begin your marketing activities before\nyour pharmacy actually opens.\n\nOnce you've opened the doors of your pharmacy, you may want to hold a \"grand\nopening.\" Plan for this event to occur several weeks after you have actually\nopened to ensure that things are running smoothly.\n\nStart spreading the word right away. Contact your local referral sources by\nreaching out in person and/or by letter to local physicians, hospital\ndischarge planners, senior centers, hospices, and so on to let them know that\nyou are in business. Encourage them to patronize the pharmacy by offering\ndiscounts on products or some other enticement.\n\nVisit the NCPA Ownership Academy to learn more.\n\nYou've no doubt heard the phrase, \"It pays to advertise.\" With that in mind,\nyou may want to display signage and use banners, balloons and other\npromotional tactics to announce the opening of your pharmacy. You may also\nwant to consider holding a wellness screening event to alert new patients and\ncustomers to your pharmacy and the services you provide.\n\nRemember, marketing should be an ongoing process of communicating with\ncustomers and prospects as often as possible. So, once you've established your\npresence in the community, continue your marketing efforts in order to keep\nyour business \"top of mind.\"\n\nHealth Mart can help you plan and execute effective marketing programs for\nyour independent pharmacy.\n\nVisit the Health Mart website for more information.\n\nBack to Top +\n\nPrevious: Business Basics+\n\nNext: Financing Options+\n\n### Ready to Get Started?\n\nYou found the location, so get the keys to your new pharmacy and hammer out\nthe details of your operations.\n\nTIPS\n\n * Prepare pharmacy design and determine remodeling needs\n * Determine need for any technology\n * Review and initiate your marketing plan activities\n\nTeam up with RxOwnership to start your pharmacy +\n\n * Home\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * McKesson.com\n * HealthMart.com\n * Contact Us\n\n©2011-2016 McKesson Corporation. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.mbp.state.ms.us:80/mbop/Pharmacy.nsf/webpages/LinksLN_NPO", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160727193737/http://www.mbp.state.ms.us:80/mbop/Pharmacy.nsf/webpages/LinksLN_NPO?OpenDocument", "parsed_text": { "title": "> National Pharmacy Organizations", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Links - > National Pharmacy Organizations\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.rxownership.com:80/business_basics_Start-ups.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160622021711/http://www.rxownership.com:80/business_basics_Start-ups.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "RxOwnership — Business Basics", "passages": [ "Above all else, a successful pharmacy is a successful business. That's why you'll want to address a range of important considerations that go well beyond running your pharmacy practice. Those considerations include:", "From managing operating costs to marketing clinical services, the NCPA Ownership Academy is a great source for learning about business basics. Of course, our Ownership advisors can also provide you with guidance to point you in the right direction to find the information you need. Most likely, the information you need is available to help you become a successful pharmacy owner.", "Working with your attorney and CPA, you can decide what type of corporation or legal entity your pharmacy business will be. Determine if there are other legal decisions that need to be made and what their impact will be on your business — both now and in the future.", "Naming the corporation is another important aspect of this process. Many businesses have two names: a corporate name that is the business's legally registered name; and a \"doing business as\" (DBA), which is how the public knows the business. Health Mart Systems, Inc.®, a pharmacy franchise operated by McKesson, recommends that franchisees establish both a corporate name and a DBA. Health Mart recommends this two-name structure to protect both the independent pharmacy and Health Mart. Additionally, the pharmacy should not include \"Health Mart\" in its corporation's name for these reasons:", "By not having Health Mart in the corporate name, it is very clear that there is no structural or ownership relationship between the pharmacy and Health Mart Systems, Inc.", "Should the pharmacy decide to terminate the franchise agreement with Health Mart, the owner would need to file a corporate name change with the state's department or agency of corporations, which can be expensive and time-consuming. On the other hand, changing a DBA is very simple.", "Setting highly efficient finance and accounting practices can be a significant aspect of your pharmacy's success. You'll want to begin by selecting the best financial methodology and accounting software for the business.", "Discuss with your CPA and industry experts what financial information needs to be gathered, how it should be organized, and how and when it should be reported. This is critically important; you should be able to measure and manage your business from day one.", "Spend some time with your CPA and industry experts to learn how to quickly and easily understand various financial reports necessary to track your income, expenses, profit, and so on. This is a skill that is easily learned and mastered, and one that could pay large dividends as you manage your growing business.", "Applying for tax numbers is often another requisite of the process. There are a number of federal, state and local tax authorities that you may need to contact. Your attorney and CPA can help with the following:", "Once your financial processes are in place, you'll want to establish credit for the business. Work with your pharmaceutical distributor to establish your credit so that you will be ready to place your initial inventory order.", "There are several licenses that you may need to have before you can open your pharmacy or assume ownership. The requirements of each state and city are different, so allow time to understand what is needed. If you are purchasing an existing pharmacy, determine which licenses can be transferred to your name and which will need to be issued directly to you.", "NABP/NCPDP number: Contact the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) to obtain a NABP/NCPDP number so that you may bill third-party payors.", "NPI number: Contact The National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES) to apply for a NPI number for the pharmacy and, if applicable, for the pharmacists who will be providing patient care.", "Before you open your doors, you may also need to pass a final state inspection. Work with your state's board of pharmacy to schedule this inspection, if required.", "If you are purchasing an existing pharmacy, have your attorney evaluate all existing leases and contracts for your right to assume the contracts, take on the liability, the term of the leases, and so on. Some leases, contracts or other legal agreements that may be in place include:", "One of our Ownership advisors can work with you to help establish contracts with third-party payors through organizations such as AccessHealth.", "Our Ownership advisors can also suggest the best ways to perform a detailed analysis of your current contracts, while helping to ensure that contracts are in place that protect the interests of your business. For example, they can help advise you on the most efficient ways of setting up electronic funds transfer, reconciliation assistance and problem resolution with PBMs. Contact us at least eight weeks prior to opening the pharmacy to allow sufficient time for contracts to be in place." ] }, "parsed_md": "RxOwnership — Business Basics\n\n * Home\n\n * Buyers\n\n * Buyer Overview\n * First Steps\n * Business Basics\n * Store Setup\n * Financing Options\n * Buyer Services\n * Start-Ups\n\n * Start-Up Overview\n * First Steps\n * Business Basics\n * Store Setup\n * Financing Options\n * Start-Up Services\n * Sellers\n\n * Seller Overview\n * Why Make a Plan?\n * Step-by-Step Guide\n * Financing Options\n * Seller Services\n * Students\n\n * Resources\n\n * Successes\n\n * About Us\n\n * Contact Us\n\nLoading\n\nOn this page:\n\n * Corporate Decisions +\n * Finance and Accounting +\n * Licensing and Regulations +\n * Leases and Contracts +\n\n# Business Basics\n\nAbove all else, a successful pharmacy is a successful business. That's why\nyou'll want to address a range of important considerations that go well beyond\nrunning your pharmacy practice. Those considerations include:\n\n * Developing an effective business plan\n * Budgeting and business projections\n * Evaluating third-party contracting\n * Instituting human resources management\n * Planning and executing marketing programs\n\nFrom managing operating costs to marketing clinical services, the NCPA\nOwnership Academy is a great source for learning about business basics. Of\ncourse, our Ownership advisors can also provide you with guidance to point you\nin the right direction to find the information you need. Most likely, the\ninformation you need is available to help you become a successful pharmacy\nowner.\n\nContact one of our Ownership advisors.\n\n### Determine the corporate structure of your business.\n\nWorking with your attorney and CPA, you can decide what type of corporation or\nlegal entity your pharmacy business will be. Determine if there are other\nlegal decisions that need to be made and what their impact will be on your\nbusiness — both now and in the future.\n\nNaming the corporation is another important aspect of this process. Many\nbusinesses have two names: a corporate name that is the business's legally\nregistered name; and a \"doing business as\" (DBA), which is how the public\nknows the business. Health Mart Systems, Inc.®, a pharmacy franchise operated\nby McKesson, recommends that franchisees establish both a corporate name and a\nDBA. Health Mart recommends this two-name structure to protect both the\nindependent pharmacy and Health Mart. Additionally, the pharmacy should not\ninclude \"Health Mart\" in its corporation's name for these reasons:\n\n * By not having Health Mart in the corporate name, it is very clear that there is no structural or ownership relationship between the pharmacy and Health Mart Systems, Inc.\n * Should the pharmacy decide to terminate the franchise agreement with Health Mart, the owner would need to file a corporate name change with the state's department or agency of corporations, which can be expensive and time-consuming. On the other hand, changing a DBA is very simple.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Accounting for pharmacy success.\n\nSetting highly efficient finance and accounting practices can be a significant\naspect of your pharmacy's success. You'll want to begin by selecting the best\nfinancial methodology and accounting software for the business.\n\nDiscuss with your CPA and industry experts what financial information needs to\nbe gathered, how it should be organized, and how and when it should be\nreported. This is critically important; you should be able to measure and\nmanage your business from day one.\n\nSpend some time with your CPA and industry experts to learn how to quickly and\neasily understand various financial reports necessary to track your income,\nexpenses, profit, and so on. This is a skill that is easily learned and\nmastered, and one that could pay large dividends as you manage your growing\nbusiness. Visit the NCPA Ownership Academy to learn more.\n\nApplying for tax numbers is often another requisite of the process. There are\na number of federal, state and local tax authorities that you may need to\ncontact. Your attorney and CPA can help with the following:\n\n * Federal tax ID number\n * State tax ID number\n * Sales tax authority\n * Local taxing authority, such as the city and/or county\n\nOnce your financial processes are in place, you'll want to establish credit\nfor the business. Work with your pharmaceutical distributor to establish your\ncredit so that you will be ready to place your initial inventory order.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Following the rules of the trade.\n\nThere are several licenses that you may need to have before you can open your\npharmacy or assume ownership. The requirements of each state and city are\ndifferent, so allow time to understand what is needed. If you are purchasing\nan existing pharmacy, determine which licenses can be transferred to your name\nand which will need to be issued directly to you.\n\nSome of the licenses that you are likely to need include:\n\n * State pharmacy license: Contact your state's board of pharmacy to apply for your state pharmacy license.\n * DEA number: Contact the\n\nDrug Enforcement Administration\n\n * for a DEA number so that you are licensed to order and dispense prescription narcotics.\n * NABP/NCPDP number: Contact the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) to obtain a NABP/NCPDP number so that you may bill third-party payors.\n * NPI number: Contact The National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES) to apply for a NPI number for the pharmacy and, if applicable, for the pharmacists who will be providing patient care.\n\nBefore you open your doors, you may also need to pass a final state\ninspection. Work with your state's board of pharmacy to schedule this\ninspection, if required.\n\nVisit the National Alliance of State Pharmacy Associations to learn more.\n\nVisit the NCPA Ownership Academy to learn more.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Leases and contracts\n\nIf you are starting a new pharmacy, it may be advisable to have your attorney\napprove contracts and leases prior to signing. Some examples of contracts and\nleases include:\n\n * Building/store lease\n * In-store vending machines, such as copiers or film-processing kiosks\n * Collection service contracts, such as water, utility or phone\n * Business or franchise contracts with third parties, such as Radio Shack, UPS or the United States Post Office\n * Building and/or parking lot maintenance contracts\n * Drop-ship vendors for front-end products\n * Direct accounts with suppliers of gifts, cards and so on\n * Pharmacy automation equipment\n * Pharmacy services, such as compounding\n\nOne of our Ownership advisors can work with you to help establish contracts\nwith third-party payors through organizations such as AccessHealth.\n\nVisit the NCPA Ownership Academy to learn more.\n\nBack to Top +\n\nPrevious: First Steps+\n\nNext: Store Setup+\n\n### Ready to Start Your Business Plan?\n\nTIPS to include in your plan\n\n * Executive Summary\n * Business Description and Vision\n * Market and Competitive Analysis\n\nTeam up with RxOwnership to start your pharmacy +\n\n * Home\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * McKesson.com\n * HealthMart.com\n * Contact Us\n\n©2011-2016 McKesson Corporation. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.rxownership.com/financing_Buyers.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160429092226/http://www.rxownership.com/financing_Buyers.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "RxOwnership — Financing Options", "passages": [ "There are myriad decisions that should be made before you finance the development of a new pharmacy or the purchase of an existing pharmacy location. Financing should only be approached once the ownership planning process has been completed.", "Many different types of financing are available today. Most people think first of traditional lenders, such as banks and organizations like the Small Business Administration (SBA). Others think of suppliers and wholesalers. Financing can also come from a current pharmacy owner \"taking back a note.\" Loans from parents and other relatives are commonly used for financing, as well.", "Rarely is just one type of financing used in the acquisition of a pharmacy. For this reason, it is important to understand the breadth of financing options available in order to determine the best options for your needs.", "Short-term financing is defined as financing with a term of less than one year in duration. Typically, short-term financing takes the form of dating (extended payment terms) and short-term notes. Short-term financing is typically not appropriate to fund the purchase of a pharmacy, unless the borrower expects to be able to repay debt very quickly. It's typically only used to fund the opening inventory order.", "Long-term financing typically remains in effect for more than a year. Long- term financing generally is required when an owner purchases an existing pharmacy or builds a store from the ground up. As an example, long-term financing from McKesson frequently takes the form of a promissory note with equal amortization of the principal amount.", "There are many sources of financing for pharmacies, including institutions like the Small Business Administration (SBA) and banks, as well as family members or existing pharmacy owners. Larger institutions, such as McKesson, are also important sources of financing.", "Traditional lenders — including banks and financial institutions — underwrite each loan to assess the creditworthiness of the borrower. These institutions typically require specific data about the pharmacy in order to perform an analysis of the potential loan. This is their way of ensuring that the prospective borrower will be able to repay the loan.", "When McKesson finances an independent pharmacy during ownership transfer, the same rigorous data gathering and analysis is conducted. While McKesson may have some of the financial and credit data in-house, based on its business relationship with the owner, additional information is also required in most cases." ] }, "parsed_md": "RxOwnership — Financing Options\n\n * Home\n\n * Buyers\n\n * Buyer Overview\n * First Steps\n * Business Basics\n * Store Setup\n * Financing Options\n * Buyer Services\n * Start-Ups\n\n * Start-Up Overview\n * First Steps\n * Business Basics\n * Store Setup\n * Financing Options\n * Start-Up Services\n * Sellers\n\n * Seller Overview\n * Why Make a Plan?\n * Step-by-Step Guide\n * Financing Options\n * Seller Services\n * Students\n\n * Resources\n\n * Successes\n\n * About Us\n\n * Contact Us\n\nLoading\n\nOn this page:\n\n * Types +\n * Sources +\n\n# Financing Options\n\nThere are myriad decisions that should be made before you finance the\ndevelopment of a new pharmacy or the purchase of an existing pharmacy\nlocation. Financing should only be approached once the ownership planning\nprocess has been completed.\n\nMany different types of financing are available today. Most people think first\nof traditional lenders, such as banks and organizations like the Small\nBusiness Administration (SBA). Others think of suppliers and wholesalers.\nFinancing can also come from a current pharmacy owner \"taking back a note.\"\nLoans from parents and other relatives are commonly used for financing, as\nwell.\n\nRarely is just one type of financing used in the acquisition of a pharmacy.\nFor this reason, it is important to understand the breadth of financing\noptions available in order to determine the best options for your needs.\n\nVisit the NCPA Ownership Academy to learn more.\n\nRxOwnership can help qualified buyers explore short- and long-term financing\noptions directly through McKesson.\n\n### Traditional types of financing for buyers.\n\nTraditionally, financing is classified as short-term or long-term:\n\nShort-term financing is defined as financing with a term of less than one year\nin duration. Typically, short-term financing takes the form of dating\n(extended payment terms) and short-term notes. Short-term financing is\ntypically not appropriate to fund the purchase of a pharmacy, unless the\nborrower expects to be able to repay debt very quickly. It's typically only\nused to fund the opening inventory order.\n\nLong-term financing typically remains in effect for more than a year. Long-\nterm financing generally is required when an owner purchases an existing\npharmacy or builds a store from the ground up. As an example, long-term\nfinancing from McKesson frequently takes the form of a promissory note with\nequal amortization of the principal amount.\n\nRxOwnership can help qualified buyers explore short- and long-term financing\noptions directly through McKesson.\n\nBack to Top +\n\n### Accessing the sources of financing your purchase.\n\nThere are many sources of financing for pharmacies, including institutions\nlike the Small Business Administration (SBA) and banks, as well as family\nmembers or existing pharmacy owners. Larger institutions, such as McKesson,\nare also important sources of financing.\n\nTraditional lenders — including banks and financial institutions — underwrite\neach loan to assess the creditworthiness of the borrower. These institutions\ntypically require specific data about the pharmacy in order to perform an\nanalysis of the potential loan. This is their way of ensuring that the\nprospective borrower will be able to repay the loan.\n\nWhen McKesson finances an independent pharmacy during ownership transfer, the\nsame rigorous data gathering and analysis is conducted. While McKesson may\nhave some of the financial and credit data in-house, based on its business\nrelationship with the owner, additional information is also required in most\ncases.\n\nLearn more about McKesson's financing requirements by contacting one of our\nOwnership advisors.\n\nBack to Top +\n\nPrevious: Store Setup+\n\nNext: Buyer Services+\n\n### Want Help Valuing a Pharmacy?\n\nMcKesson's RxOwnership Interactive Valuation Tool can help you calculate that\nvalue.\n\nClick here to learn more +\n\n * Home\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * McKesson.com\n * HealthMart.com\n * Contact Us\n\n©2011-2016 McKesson Corporation. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bplans.com/pharmacy_business_plan/company_summary_fc.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200125021845/https://www.bplans.com/pharmacy_business_plan/company_summary_fc.php", "parsed_text": { "title": "Pharmacy Business Plan Sample - Company Summary", "passages": [ "The Discount Pharmacy is located in Portland, OR and offers prescription medications at discount prices to our customers by mail order or at the store front.", "Software: Microsoft Office, QuickBooks Pro, drug interaction software, Physician Desk Reference software detailing side effects and other information pertinent to the customer.", "Please note that these items will be used for more than one year and will therefore be labeled long-term assets, depreciated using G.A.A.P. approved straight-line depreciation.", "Business planning has never been easier. With 500 complete sample plans, easy financials, and access anywhere, LivePlan turns your great idea into a great plan for success.", "Bplans is owned and operated by Palo Alto Software, Inc., as a free resource to help entrepreneurs start and run better businesses." ] }, "parsed_md": "Pharmacy Business Plan Sample - Company Summary | Bplans\n\n## The Discount Pharmacy\n\nStart your own business plan »\n\n# Pharmacy Business Plan\n\nPage\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * 3\n * 4\n * 5\n * 6\n * 7\n * 8\n * 9\n\n« Previous Page Next Page »\n\n## Company Summary\n\nThe Discount Pharmacy is located in Portland, OR and offers prescription\nmedications at discount prices to our customers by mail order or at the store\nfront.\n\n### 2.1 Company Ownership\n\nThe Discount Pharmacy is an Oregon limited liability corporation. The majority\nstock holder is John Reeleaf.\n\n### 2.2 Start-up Summary\n\nThe Discount Pharmacy will incur the following start-up equipment costs:\n\n * Office equipment including chairs, file cabinets, and desks.\n * Front counter, storage bins, cash register.\n * Three computer terminals.\n * Main computer server with a laser printer, and back-up system.\n * Software: Microsoft Office, QuickBooks Pro, drug interaction software, Physician Desk Reference software detailing side effects and other information pertinent to the customer.\n * Assorted bottles, boxes, envelopes, etc. for dispensing and shipment.\n * Scales for shipping.\n * Telecom system.\n * Storefront build-out.\n * Start-up inventory.\n * Rent, utilities, insurance.\n\nPlease note that these items will be used for more than one year and will\ntherefore be labeled long-term assets, depreciated using G.A.A.P. approved\nstraight-line depreciation.\n\n#### Need actual charts?\n\nWe recommend using LivePlan as the easiest way to create graphs for your own\nbusiness plan.\n\nCreate your own business plan\n\nStart-up \n--- \nRequirements \nStart-up Expenses \nLegal| $1,000 \nRent| $2,000 \nUtilities| $400 \nTelecom System| $400 \nInsurance| $300 \nStorefront Build-out| $15,000 \nExpensed Equipment| $4,000 \nWebsite development| $1,000 \nTotal Start-up Expenses| $24,100 \nStart-up Assets \nCash Required| $140,500 \nStart-up Inventory| $10,000 \nOther Current Assets| $0 \nLong-term Assets| $8,500 \nTotal Assets| $159,000 \nTotal Requirements| $183,100 \n \n#### Need real financials?\n\nWe recommend using LivePlan as the easiest way to create automatic financials\nfor your own business plan.\n\nCreate your own business plan\n\nStart-up Funding \n--- \nStart-up Expenses to Fund| $24,100 \nStart-up Assets to Fund| $159,000 \nTotal Funding Required| $183,100 \nAssets \nNon-cash Assets from Start-up| $18,500 \nCash Requirements from Start-up| $140,500 \nAdditional Cash Raised| $0 \nCash Balance on Starting Date| $140,500 \nTotal Assets| $159,000 \nLiabilities and Capital \nLiabilities \nCurrent Borrowing| $0 \nLong-term Liabilities| $0 \nAccounts Payable (Outstanding Bills)| $0 \nOther Current Liabilities (interest-free)| $0 \nTotal Liabilities| $0 \nCapital \nPlanned Investment \nSeed Funding| $50,000 \nJohn| $51,000 \nFriends and Family| $50,000 \nAdditional Investment Requirement| $32,100 \nTotal Planned Investment| $183,100 \nLoss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses)| ($24,100) \nTotal Capital| $159,000 \nTotal Capital and Liabilities| $159,000 \nTotal Funding| $183,100 \n \nPage\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * 3\n * 4\n * 5\n * 6\n * 7\n * 8\n * 9\n\n« Previous Page Next Page »\n\nYour business plan can look as polished and professional as this sample plan.\nIt's fast and easy, with LivePlan.\n\nStart your own business plan\n\nStart planning\n\n\"I just wrote my first business plan in 24 hours using LivePlan and it's\nbeautiful and complete.\"\n\nNate H. Artist\n\nStart Your Plan\n\n#### Plan Outline\n\n * 1.0 Executive Summary\n * 2.0 Company Summary\n\n * Company Ownership\n * Start-up Summary\n * 3.0 Products\n * 4.0 Market Analysis Summary\n * 5.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary\n * 6.0 Web Plan Summary\n * 7.0 Management Summary\n * 8.0 Financial Plan\n * Appendix\n\n#### Create your own business plan\n\nBusiness planning has never been easier. With 500 complete sample plans, easy\nfinancials, and access anywhere, LivePlan turns your great idea into a great\nplan for success.\n\nLearn more about LivePlan\n\n#### Related business plans\n\n * Women's Clothing Boutique Business Plan\n * Clothing Retail Business Plan\n * E-commerce Internet Business Plan\n\n * More Medical and Health Care Plans\n * More Retail and Online Store Plans\n * More Health Products Plans\n * All Business Plans\n\nStart-up \n--- \nRequirements \nStart-up Expenses \nLegal| $1,000 \nRent| $2,000 \nUtilities| $400 \nTelecom System| $400 \nInsurance| $300 \nStorefront Build-out| $15,000 \nExpensed Equipment| $4,000 \nWebsite development| $1,000 \nTotal Start-up Expenses| $24,100 \nStart-up Assets \nCash Required| $140,500 \nStart-up Inventory| $10,000 \nOther Current Assets| $0 \nLong-term Assets| $8,500 \nTotal Assets| $159,000 \nTotal Requirements| $183,100 \n \nStart-up Funding \n--- \nStart-up Expenses to Fund| $24,100 \nStart-up Assets to Fund| $159,000 \nTotal Funding Required| $183,100 \nAssets \nNon-cash Assets from Start-up| $18,500 \nCash Requirements from Start-up| $140,500 \nAdditional Cash Raised| $0 \nCash Balance on Starting Date| $140,500 \nTotal Assets| $159,000 \nLiabilities and Capital \nLiabilities \nCurrent Borrowing| $0 \nLong-term Liabilities| $0 \nAccounts Payable (Outstanding Bills)| $0 \nOther Current Liabilities (interest-free)| $0 \nTotal Liabilities| $0 \nCapital \nPlanned Investment \nSeed Funding| $50,000 \nJohn| $51,000 \nFriends and Family| $50,000 \nAdditional Investment Requirement| $32,100 \nTotal Planned Investment| $183,100 \nLoss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses)| ($24,100) \nTotal Capital| $159,000 \nTotal Capital and Liabilities| $159,000 \nTotal Funding| $183,100 \n \n### Get the Bplans newsletter:\n\nExpert business tips and advice delivered weekly.\n\nBplans is owned and operated by Palo Alto Software, Inc., as a free resource\nto help entrepreneurs start and run better businesses.\n\n##### Top Sections\n\nBusiness Planning Funding Starting Pitching Managing Small Business Loans\nAngel Investment Branding\n\n##### Planning Resources\n\n * Business Plan Software\n * Business Planning Videos\n * Business Planning Calculators\n * Business Plan Writers\n * Industry Guides\n\n##### Software\n\n * LivePlan\n * Outpost\n * Business Plan Pro\n * Business Tools\n\n##### Marketing Resources\n\n * Sales and Marketing\n * Software\n * Sample Marketing Plans\n * Market Research\n\n##### About Bplans\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Write for Us\n * Advertise with Us\n * Sitemap\n * Privacy and Legal\n\n###### © 1996 - 2020 Palo Alto Software. All Rights Reserved | We’re Hiring!\n\n#### Try the #1 business planning software risk-free for 60 days\n\nStart Your Plan\n\nNo contract, no risk. Built for entrepreneurs like you.\n\nTry the #1 business planning software risk-free for 60 days.Try the #1\nbusiness planning software risk-free for 60 days.\n\nStart Your Plan\n\nNo contract, no risk. Built for entrepreneurs like you.\n\n" } ]
1,559,879
How To Get over the Flu
To get over the flu, first, ask your doctor about Tamiflu if you've only had symptoms for a couple of days, since it could help you get better faster and prevent you from being contagious. You should also make sure to go to your doctor if your symptoms worsen or if you experience complications, such as chest pain or a continuously high fever. From here, you can treat your symptoms at home by taking a pain medication like acetaminophen, which can reduce your fever and soothe your sore throat. Alternatively, consider using a nasal spray to relieve congestion or an antihistamine to reduce symptoms like a runny nose or watery eyes. If you want to try a home remedy, pour hot water over fresh, chopped ginger and breathe in the steam.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20200815062746/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/humidifiers/art-20048021?pg=1", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211020070651/https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/12-tips-prevent-colds-flu-1", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150624063622/http://www.prevention.com:80/health/health-concerns/best-ways-bounce-back-cold-or-flu-fast?s=4", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150908034049/http://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/features/sleep-better-when-you-are-sick", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210323191445/https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/11/health/top-flu-questions-answered", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210202143605/https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/6-tips-on-cold-remedies", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170812042551/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2013/01/17/sleep-better-while-sick-cold-flu_n_2487635.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006042128/https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211028192654/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/humidifiers/art-20048021?pg=2", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190911194636/https://health.usnews.com/health-news/articles/2013/01/19/flu-vs-the-common-cold-symptoms-and-treatment", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150624235635/http://www.prevention.com:80/health/health-concerns/best-ways-bounce-back-cold-or-flu-fast?s=5" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/humidifiers/art-20048021", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200815062746/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/humidifiers/art-20048021?pg=1", "parsed_text": { "title": "Humidifiers: Air moisture eases skin, breathing symptoms", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Humidifiers: Air moisture eases skin, breathing symptoms - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/12-tips-prevent-colds-flu-1", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211020070651/https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/12-tips-prevent-colds-flu-1", "parsed_text": { "title": "12 All-Natural Home Remedies for Fast Cold & Flu Relief", "passages": [ "Looking for a natural or alternative treatment for your cold or flu symptoms? Here are tips that may help relieve your symptoms.", "Believe it or not, those annoying symptoms you're experiencing are part of the natural healing process -- evidence that the immune system is battling illness. For instance, a fever is your body's way of trying to kill viruses by creating a hotter-than-normal environment. Also, a fever's hot environment makes germ-killing proteins in your blood circulate more quickly and effectively. Thus, if you endure a moderate fever for a day or two, you may actually get well faster. Coughing is another productive symptom; it clears your breathing passages of thick mucus that can carry germs to your lungs and the rest of your body. Even that stuffy nose is best treated mildly or not at all. A decongestant, like Sudafed, restricts flow to the blood vessels in your nose and throat. But often you want the increase blood flow because it warms the infected area and helps secretions carry germs out of your body.", "It's important to blow your nose regularly when you have a cold rather than sniffling mucus back into your head. But when you blow hard, pressure can carry germ-carrying phlegm back into your ear passages, causing earache. The best way to blow your nose: Press a finger over one nostril while you blow gently to clear the other.", "Salt-water rinsing helps break nasal congestion, while also removing virus particles and bacteria from your nose. Here's a popular recipe:", "Mix 1/4 teaspoon salt and 1/4 teaspoon baking soda in 8 ounces of warm water. Use a bulb syringe or nasal irrigation kit to squirt water into the nose. Hold one nostril closed by applying light finger pressure while squirting the salt mixture into the other nostril. Let it drain. Repeat two to three times, then treat the other nostril.", "Staying warm and resting when you first come down with a cold or the flu helps your body direct its energy toward the immune battle. This battle taxes the body. So give it a little help by resting.", "Gargling can moisten a sore throat and bring temporary relief. Gargle with half a teaspoon of salt dissolved in 8 ounces warm water, four times daily.", "To reduce the tickle in your throat, try an astringent gargle -- such as tea that contains tannin -- to tighten the membranes. Or use a thick, viscous gargle made with honey or honey and apple cider vinegar. Seep one tablespoon of raspberry leaves or lemon juice in two cups of hot water; mix with one teaspoon of honey. Let the mixture cool to room temperature before gargling.", "Hot liquids relieve nasal congestion, prevent dehydration, and soothe the uncomfortably inflamed membranes that line your nose and throat. If you're so congested that you can't sleep at night, try a hot toddy, an age-old remedy. Make a cup of hot herbal tea. Add one teaspoon of honey and one small shot (about 1 ounce) of whiskey or bourbon. Limit yourself to one. Too much alcohol will inflame the membranes and make you feel worse.", "Steamy showers moisturize your nasal passages and may help you relax. If you're dizzy from the flu, run a steamy shower while you sit on a chair nearby and take a sponge bath.", "A small dab of mentholated salve under your nose can help to open breathing passages and restore the irritated skin at the base of the nose. Menthol, eucalyptus, and camphor all have mild numbing ingredients that may help relieve the pain of a nose rubbed raw. However, only put it on the outside, under your nose, not inside your nose.", "Either temperature works. You can buy reusable hot or cold packs at a drugstore or make your own. You can apply heat by taking a damp washcloth and heating it for 55 seconds in a microwave (test the temperature first to make sure it's not too hot.) A small bag of frozen peas works well as a cold pack.", "Elevating your head will help relieve congested nasal passages. If the angle is too awkward, try placing the pillows between the mattress and the box springs to create a more gradual slope.", "There's no point adding stress to your already stressed-out upper respiratory system, and that's what the change in air pressure will do. Flying with cold or flu congestion can temporarily damage your eardrums as a result of pressure changes during takeoff and landing. If you must fly, use a decongestant and carry a nasal spray with you to use just before takeoff and landing. Chewing gum and swallowing frequently can also help relieve pressure.", "Remember, serious conditions, such as sinus infections, bronchitis, meningitis, strep throat, and asthma, can look like the common cold. If you have severe symptoms, or don't seem to be getting better, call your doctor.", "SOURCE: Charles B. Inlander, president of The People's Medical Society, a nonprofit consumer health advocacy organization, and author of 77 Ways to Beat Cold and Flu." ] }, "parsed_md": "12 All-Natural Home Remedies for Fast Cold & Flu Relief\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Menu\n\n### Fevers in Babies and Children Home\n\n * Medical Reference\n * Features\n * Video\n * Slideshows & Images\n * Quizzes\n * Symptom Checker\n * News Archive\n\n### Cold, Flu, & Cough Home\n\n * Cold\n * Flu\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * Medications\n * Find a Doctor\n * Cold & Flu Map\n\n### Related to Cold, Flu, & Cough\n\n * Allergies\n * Bronchitis\n * Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n * Ear Infection\n * Flu Vaccine\n * Sinus Infection\n * Strep Throat\n * Drug Interaction Checker\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Cold, Flu, & Cough\n * Reference\n\n### Menu\n\n# 12 Natural Treatment Tips for Colds and Flu\n\nMedically Reviewed by Carol DerSarkissian, MD on July 28, 2021\n\n### In this Article\n\n * #1 Know When not to Treat Symptoms\n * #2 Blow Your Nose Often (and the Right Way)\n * #3 Treat That Stuffy Nose With Warm Salt Water\n * #4 Stay Warm and Rested\n * #5 Gargle\n * #6 Drink Hot Liquids\n * #7 Take a Steamy Shower\n * #8 Use a Salve Under Your Nose\n * #9 Apply Hot or Cold Packs Around Your Congested Sinuses\n * #10 Sleep With an Extra Pillow Under Your Head\n * #11 Don't Fly Unless Necessary\n * #12 Eat Infection-Fighting Foods\n\nLooking for a natural or alternative treatment for your cold or flu symptoms?\nHere are tips that may help relieve your symptoms.\n\n## #1 Know When not to Treat Symptoms\n\nBelieve it or not, those annoying symptoms you're experiencing are part of the\nnatural healing process -- evidence that the immune system is battling\nillness. For instance, a fever is your body's way of trying to kill viruses by\ncreating a hotter-than-normal environment. Also, a fever's hot environment\nmakes germ-killing proteins in your blood circulate more quickly and\neffectively. Thus, if you endure a moderate fever for a day or two, you may\nactually get well faster. Coughing is another productive symptom; it clears\nyour breathing passages of thick mucus that can carry germs to your lungs and\nthe rest of your body. Even that stuffy nose is best treated mildly or not at\nall. A decongestant, like Sudafed, restricts flow to the blood vessels in your\nnose and throat. But often you want the increase blood flow because it warms\nthe infected area and helps secretions carry germs out of your body.\n\n## #2 Blow Your Nose Often (and the Right Way)\n\nIt's important to blow your nose regularly when you have a cold rather than\nsniffling mucus back into your head. But when you blow hard, pressure can\ncarry germ-carrying phlegm back into your ear passages, causing earache. The\nbest way to blow your nose: Press a finger over one nostril while you blow\ngently to clear the other.\n\n## #3 Treat That Stuffy Nose With Warm Salt Water\n\nSalt-water rinsing helps break nasal congestion, while also removing virus\nparticles and bacteria from your nose. Here's a popular recipe:\n\nMix 1/4 teaspoon salt and 1/4 teaspoon baking soda in 8 ounces of warm water.\nUse a bulb syringe or nasal irrigation kit to squirt water into the nose. Hold\none nostril closed by applying light finger pressure while squirting the salt\nmixture into the other nostril. Let it drain. Repeat two to three times, then\ntreat the other nostril.\n\n## #4 Stay Warm and Rested\n\nStaying warm and resting when you first come down with a cold or the flu helps\nyour body direct its energy toward the immune battle. This battle taxes the\nbody. So give it a little help by resting.\n\n## #5 Gargle\n\nGargling can moisten a sore throat and bring temporary relief. Gargle with\nhalf a teaspoon of salt dissolved in 8 ounces warm water, four times daily.\n\nTo reduce the tickle in your throat, try an astringent gargle -- such as tea\nthat contains tannin -- to tighten the membranes. Or use a thick, viscous\ngargle made with honey or honey and apple cider vinegar. Seep one tablespoon\nof raspberry leaves or lemon juice in two cups of hot water; mix with one\nteaspoon of honey. Let the mixture cool to room temperature before gargling.\n\n## #6 Drink Hot Liquids\n\nHot liquids relieve nasal congestion, prevent dehydration, and soothe the\nuncomfortably inflamed membranes that line your nose and throat. If you're so\ncongested that you can't sleep at night, try a hot toddy, an age-old remedy.\nMake a cup of hot herbal tea. Add one teaspoon of honey and one small shot\n(about 1 ounce) of whiskey or bourbon. Limit yourself to one. Too much alcohol\nwill inflame the membranes and make you feel worse.\n\n## #7 Take a Steamy Shower\n\nSteamy showers moisturize your nasal passages and may help you relax. If\nyou're dizzy from the flu, run a steamy shower while you sit on a chair nearby\nand take a sponge bath.\n\n## #8 Use a Salve Under Your Nose\n\nA small dab of mentholated salve under your nose can help to open breathing\npassages and restore the irritated skin at the base of the nose. Menthol,\neucalyptus, and camphor all have mild numbing ingredients that may help\nrelieve the pain of a nose rubbed raw. However, only put it on the outside,\nunder your nose, not inside your nose.\n\n## #9 Apply Hot or Cold Packs Around Your Congested Sinuses\n\nEither temperature works. You can buy reusable hot or cold packs at a\ndrugstore or make your own. You can apply heat by taking a damp washcloth and\nheating it for 55 seconds in a microwave (test the temperature first to make\nsure it's not too hot.) A small bag of frozen peas works well as a cold pack.\n\n## #10 Sleep With an Extra Pillow Under Your Head\n\nElevating your head will help relieve congested nasal passages. If the angle\nis too awkward, try placing the pillows between the mattress and the box\nsprings to create a more gradual slope.\n\n## #11 Don't Fly Unless Necessary\n\nThere's no point adding stress to your already stressed-out upper respiratory\nsystem, and that's what the change in air pressure will do. Flying with cold\nor flu congestion can temporarily damage your eardrums as a result of pressure\nchanges during takeoff and landing. If you must fly, use a decongestant and\ncarry a nasal spray with you to use just before takeoff and landing. Chewing\ngum and swallowing frequently can also help relieve pressure.\n\n## #12 Eat Infection-Fighting Foods\n\nHere are some good foods to eat when you're battling a cold or flu:\n\n * Bananas and rice to soothe an upset stomach and curb diarrhea\n * Vitamin C-containing foods like bell peppers\n * Blueberries curb diarrhea and are high in natural aspirin, which may lower fevers and help with aches and pains\n * Carrots, which contain beta-carotene\n * Chili peppers may open sinuses, and help break up mucus in the lungs\n * Cranberries may help prevent bacteria from sticking to cells lining the bladder and urinary tract\n * Mustard or horseradish may helps break up mucus in air passages\n * Onions contain phytochemicals purported to help the body clear bronchitis and other infections\n * Black and green tea contain catechin, a phytochemical purported to have natural antibiotic and anti-diarrhea effects\n\nRemember, serious conditions, such as sinus infections, bronchitis,\nmeningitis, strep throat, and asthma, can look like the common cold. If you\nhave severe symptoms, or don't seem to be getting better, call your doctor.\n\nWebMD Medical Reference\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCE: Charles B. Inlander, president of The People's Medical Society, a\nnonprofit consumer health advocacy organization, and author of 77 Ways to Beat\nCold and Flu.\n\n© 2021 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * 10 Foods to Eat When You Have the Flu\n * Personalized Treatments for Your Cold Symptoms\n * Tips to Survive Cold & Flu Season\n * Flu Shot and Side Effects\n * 15 Immune-Boosting Superfoods\n * [vid_icon]Myths & Facts About Colds\n\n### further reading\n\n * Images of Childhood Skin Problems\n * Soothe a Child's Cold or Flu\n * Fever Care for Young Children\n * Is Your Kid Sick or Just Faking It?\n * 12 All-Natural Home Remedies for Fast Cold & Flu Relief\n * Is It a Common Cold or Allergies?\n * Kid’s Cold Medicines: New Guidelines\n * Fevers in Babies and Children Topics\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n#### Natural Cold & Flu Remedies\n\n15 tips to help you feel better.\n\n#### The Truth About the Common Cold\n\nDo echinacea and vitamin C really help a cold?\n\n#### Calm a Nighttime Cough\n\nGet a good night’s rest with these remedies.\n\n#### 15 Immune-Boosting Foods\n\nEat these to fight colds, flu, and more.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Can Fevers Be Good for You? Facts About Body Temperature\n\nArticle\n\n#### Best Ways to Avoid Colds and Flu\n\nArticle\n\n#### Is It a Cold or a Sinus Infection?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Germy Things You Touch Every Day\n\nArticle\n\n#### How Exactly Do You Catch a Cold or the Flu?\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Superbugs: Fact vs. Fiction\n\nArticle\n\n#### 6 Things Crashing Your Immune System\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Anatomy of a Sore Throat\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Tips to Survive Cold & Flu\n * Do Antibiotics Cure Colds?\n * Calm Your Cough at Night\n * 15 Immune-Boosting Foods\n * Inside an Ear Infection\n * Scratchy Throat: Is It Strep?\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect?\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Benefits of CBD\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Health Benefits of Hemp Seed Oil\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * 5 Health Benefits of Hemp\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2021 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.prevention.com:80/health/health-concerns/best-ways-bounce-back-cold-or-flu-fast", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150624063622/http://www.prevention.com:80/health/health-concerns/best-ways-bounce-back-cold-or-flu-fast?s=4", "parsed_text": { "title": "Bounce Back From A Cold Or Flu—Fast", "passages": [ "The information presented on this website is not intended as specific medical advice and is not a substitute for professional medical treatment or diagnosis. Read our Medical Advice Notice.", "Copyright © 2015 Rodale Inc. \"Prevention\" and \"Prevention.com\" are registered trademarks of Rodale Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction, transmission or display is permitted without the written permissions of Rodale Inc.", "First, the bad news: There’s no actual cure for cold or flu. But on the bright side, these viruses do tend to clear up pretty quickly—within 3 to 10 days, in most cases. While you can’t kill the bugs with medications, you can treat the symptoms so you feel more comfortable and prevent complications, like bronchitis or pneumonia. Here, 11 things you should do at the first sign of sniffles and sneezes." ] }, "parsed_md": "Bounce Back From A Cold Or Flu—Fast\n\nJump to navigation\n\n * Health\n * Weight Loss\n * Fitness\n * Sex\n * Mind-Body\n * Food\n * Beauty\n * Video\n * 21-Day Transformation\n * Your Healthy Skin\n * Pain Relief\n * Subscribe\n\n * Give a Gift\n * Shop\n * Customer Service\n * Manage Email Preferences\n * Media Kit\n * License Award Logos\n * Rodale Inc. Brands\n * Copyright Notice\n * Community Terms of Use\n * Amazon Affiliate\n\nThe information presented on this website is not intended as specific medical\nadvice and is not a substitute for professional medical treatment or\ndiagnosis. Read our Medical Advice Notice.\n\nCopyright © 2015 Rodale Inc. \"Prevention\" and \"Prevention.com\" are registered\ntrademarks of Rodale Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction, transmission\nor display is permitted without the written permissions of Rodale Inc.\n\nYour Privacy Rights. About Us.\n\n * Food\n * Health\n * Fitness\n * Your Best Summer Ever\n * Subscribe\n\n## Health\n\n## Cold & Flu\n\n# Bounce Back From A Cold Or Flu—Fast\n\n11 best ways to soothe symptoms and speed up recovery\n\nThe Editors of Prevention January 17, 2014\n\n * Subscribe\n\nX Close\n\n * Subscribe\n\nX Close\n\n## Down, but not out\n\n1 / 12\n\nFirst, the bad news: There’s no actual cure for cold or flu. But on the bright\nside, these viruses do tend to clear up pretty quickly—within 3 to 10 days, in\nmost cases. While you can’t kill the bugs with medications, you can treat the\nsymptoms so you feel more comfortable and prevent complications, like\nbronchitis or pneumonia. Here, 11 things you should do at the first sign of\nsniffles and sneezes.\n\nCold-Proof Your Family and Block the Flu Naturally!\n\n*Excerpted from Don’t Get Sick: A Panic-Free Pocket Guide to Living in a Germ-Filled World!\n\n1 / 12\n\nNext\n\n#### Prevention Newsletters\n\nYou may unsubscribe at any time.\n\nYour Privacy Rights | About Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/features/sleep-better-when-you-are-sick", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150908034049/http://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/features/sleep-better-when-you-are-sick", "parsed_text": { "title": "Sleep Better When You’re Sick", "passages": [ "Cold and flu symptoms can keep you from getting a good night's rest when you need it. WebMD talked to experts for advice on how to sleep better.", "A hacking cough, a throbbing head, a sore throat, and a nose so stuffed it feels as if you'll never breathe free and clear again. You've got a cold -- or maybe even the flu -- and all you want to do is crawl in bed and sleep.", "Until you get there. That's when you realize your symptoms are turning any chance for a solid night's rest into the impossible dream.", "Mothers are celebrated (if sometimes vilified) for their eagerness to advise their children on matters big and small: how to behave, what to wear, whom to marry, when to have kids ... and, oh yes, how to stay healthy during cold and flu season. Does science back up what Dr. Mom told you about the common cold? Or was she full of hot air? Here's what real doctors have to say about 10 familiar cold-busting tips:", "\"It's true that many cold and flu symptoms seem to get worse at night, and they can interfere with sleep just at the critical time when your body needs rest the most,\" says WebMD sleep expert Michael Breus, PhD, director of TheSleepDoctor.org.", "In addition to the pure discomfort of the symptoms themselves, Breus explains that increased mucus production, along with overall congestion, forces us to breathe through our mouth instead of our nose. When we lie down, congestion can seem worse.", "Tufts University sleep expert Edwin Trayner, MD, explains that mouth breathing also irritates airways, causing us to cough more often, which in turn can also disrupt sleep.", "\"Plus, when we are sick our body releases certain cytokines [immune factors] into the bloodstream, some of which are mediators of sleep. So that can also have a disrupting influence,\" says Trayner, director of the sleep disorders center at Caritas St. Elizabeth's Medical Center in Boston and an assistant professor at Tufts University School of Medicine.", "The end result, say experts, is you toss and turn all night. And even if you do fall asleep, you wake up feeling drained and tired, with cold and flu symptoms seemingly worse.", "Although many of us turn to cold medicines at night, they may not always help you sleep better. In fact, depending on what you choose, it might actually make things temporarily worse.", "\"Everybody can react to these medicines differently. For some they can bring on sleepiness, but others may find it makes them feel jittery and nervous and actually keep them from falling asleep or staying asleep,\" says Nicholas Popovich, PhD, professor of pharmacy administration and department head at the University of Chicago at Illinois College of Pharmacy." ] }, "parsed_md": "Sleep Better When You’re Sick\n\nSkip to content\n\nSymptoms| Doctors| Health Care Reform\n\nSign In| Sign Up | Subscribe\n\nMy WebMD\n\nShow Menu\n\n * My Tools\n * My WebMD Pages\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\nFacebookTwitterPinterest\n\nWebMD Home Cold, Flu, & Cough Health Center Cold & Flu Feature Stories\n\nEmail a Friend\n\nPrint Article\n\n# Cold, Flu, & Cough Health Center\n\n## Tools & Resources\n\n * Tips to Survive Cold & Flu\n * Do Antibiotics Cure Colds?\n * Calm Your Cough at Night\n * 15 Immune-Boosting Foods\n * Inside an Ear Infection\n * Scratchy Throat: Is It Strep?\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\n## Sleep Better When You’re Sick\n\nCold and flu symptoms can keep you from getting a good night's rest when you\nneed it. WebMD talked to experts for advice on how to sleep better.\n\nBy Colette Bouchez WebMD Feature\n\nReviewed by Louise Chang, MD\n\nWebMD Feature Archive\n\nA hacking cough, a throbbing head, a sore throat, and a nose so stuffed it\nfeels as if you'll never breathe free and clear again. You've got a cold -- or\nmaybe even the flu -- and all you want to do is crawl in bed and sleep.\n\nUntil you get there. That's when you realize your symptoms are turning any\nchance for a solid night's rest into the impossible dream.\n\n#### Recommended Related to Cold & Flu\n\nThe Truth Behind Mom's Cold and Flu Advice\n\nMothers are celebrated (if sometimes vilified) for their eagerness to advise\ntheir children on matters big and small: how to behave, what to wear, whom to\nmarry, when to have kids ... and, oh yes, how to stay healthy during cold and\nflu season. Does science back up what Dr. Mom told you about the common cold?\nOr was she full of hot air? Here's what real doctors have to say about 10\nfamiliar cold-busting tips:\n\nRead the The Truth Behind Mom's Cold and Flu Advice article > >\n\n\"It's true that many cold and flu symptoms seem to get worse at night, and\nthey can interfere with sleep just at the critical time when your body needs\nrest the most,\" says WebMD sleep expert Michael Breus, PhD, director of\nTheSleepDoctor.org.\n\nBut how and why does this happen?\n\nIn addition to the pure discomfort of the symptoms themselves, Breus explains\nthat increased mucus production, along with overall congestion, forces us to\nbreathe through our mouth instead of our nose. When we lie down, congestion\ncan seem worse.\n\nTufts University sleep expert Edwin Trayner, MD, explains that mouth breathing\nalso irritates airways, causing us to cough more often, which in turn can also\ndisrupt sleep.\n\n\"Plus, when we are sick our body releases certain cytokines [immune factors]\ninto the bloodstream, some of which are mediators of sleep. So that can also\nhave a disrupting influence,\" says Trayner, director of the sleep disorders\ncenter at Caritas St. Elizabeth's Medical Center in Boston and an assistant\nprofessor at Tufts University School of Medicine.\n\nThe end result, say experts, is you toss and turn all night. And even if you\ndo fall asleep, you wake up feeling drained and tired, with cold and flu\nsymptoms seemingly worse.\n\n### For Better Sleep, Choose Cold Drugs Wisely\n\nAlthough many of us turn to cold medicines at night, they may not always help\nyou sleep better. In fact, depending on what you choose, it might actually\nmake things temporarily worse.\n\n\"Everybody can react to these medicines differently. For some they can bring\non sleepiness, but others may find it makes them feel jittery and nervous and\nactually keep them from falling asleep or staying asleep,\" says Nicholas\nPopovich, PhD, professor of pharmacy administration and department head at the\nUniversity of Chicago at Illinois College of Pharmacy.\n\n1 | 2 | 3 | 4\n\nNext Page >\n\nContinue reading below...\n\n#### Top Picks\n\n * 10 Foods to Eat When You Have the Flu\n * Tips to Survive Cold & Flu Season\n * Flu Shot and Side Effects\n * 8 Natural Remedies for Cold & Flu\n * 15 Immune-Boosting Superfoods\n * Myths & Facts About Colds\n\n### Cold, Flu, & Cough Health Center\n\n * Cold\n * Cough\n * Flu\n * News & Features\n * Quizzes\n * Slideshows\n * Videos\n * Reference\n * Find a Doctor\n\n### Related to Cold, Flu, & Cough\n\n * Allergies\n * Bronchitis\n * Cold & Flu Map\n * Ear Infection\n * Flu Vaccine\n * Sinus Infection\n * Strep Throat\n * Drug Interaction Checker\n\n## Today on WebMD\n\nNatural Cold & Flu Remedies\n\n15 tips to help you feel better.\n\nThe Truth About the Common Cold\n\nDo echinacea and vitamin C really help a cold?\n\nCalm a Nighttime Cough\n\nGet a good night’s rest with these remedies.\n\n15 Immune-Boosting Foods\n\nEat these to fight colds, flu, and more.\n\nSlideshow\n\nBest Natural Cold & Flu Remedies\n\nVIDEO\n\nMyths and Facts About Colds\n\nArticle\n\nIs It a Cold or a Sinus Infection?\n\nSlideshow\n\nEar Infection Symptoms\n\nArticle\n\nFlu Shot Facts: Types, Side Effects\n\nArticle\n\nI Have the Flu: Now What?\n\nArticle\n\n6 Things Crashing Your Immune System\n\nSlideshow\n\nAnatomy of a Sore Throat\n\n### WebMD Special Sections\n\n * Cold and Flu Symptoms Across the U.S.\n * Don't Let a Cold or Flu Get You Down\n * Tips to Strengthen Your Immune System\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Feeding a Growing World\n * Allergy Relief\n * Alzehimer's Worsening?\n * Osteoporosis Treatment\n\n * IBS-C Symptoms?\n * Exercise & OA Knee Pain\n * Care for Aortic Stenosis?\n * Fracture Due to Osteoporosis?\n\n * Aortic Valve Stenosis?\n * Managing Diabetes\n * Help for Alzheimer's\n * Alzheimer's Worsening?\n\n * Knee Pain Relief\n * Managing IBS-C Symptoms\n * 21 Days: A New Routine\n * Care for Aortic Stenosis?\n\n * Frequent Constipation?\n * Supplement FAQs\n * 21 Days: A New Routine\n * Greater Food Accessibility\n\n##### More From WebMD:\n\nHemophilia Treatment|RA Basics|Psoriasis|MS Assessment|Hemophilia\nQuestions|Preteen Vaccines|ADHD in Children|Diabetes Diet|Hodgkin's\nLymphoma|Multiple Myeloma |Breast Cancer\n\n###### Find us on:\n\nURAC: Accredited Health Web Site AdChoices\n\nAbout WebMD Advertise With Us Terms of Use Privacy Policy Sponsor Policy Site\nMap Careers Contact Us\n\nMedscape Reference eMedicineHealth RxList Medscape MedicineNet BootsWebMD\nWebMD Corporate\n\nWebMD Health Services First Aid WebMD Magazine WebMD Health Record WebMD\nMobile Newsletters\n\nDictionary Physician Directory\n\n©2005-2015 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional\ninformation.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/11/health/top-flu-questions-answered", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210323191445/https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/11/health/top-flu-questions-answered", "parsed_text": { "title": "Your top 10 flu questions answered", "passages": [ "An early and severe start to the flu season has many health experts concerned. On Friday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 47 states are experiencing widespread activity, although it appears to be decreasing in some areas.", "According to the CDC, this is the most flu cases they’ve seen at this time of year in more than a decade. Twenty pediatric flu-related deaths have occurred since the start of the season. The CDC does not track adult flu-related deaths.", "The peak of the season, which usually happens in February, may be yet to come for most states – officials said Friday it may be a week or two before it becomes clear whether cases have peaked. Here are some common flu questions from readers answered:", "The type of flu that is going around is called Influenza A (H3N2), which is often linked to more serious diseases than other flu varieties, Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health, told CNN. People could get more complications from this particular strain, which would make them sick for a longer period of time.", "The 2011-2012 flu season began late and was relatively mild compared with previous seasons, according to the CDC. In fact, the season’s peak set a record for the lowest and shortest since surveillance began.", "The number of pediatric flu-related deaths was also low last year. The CDC reported 26 children under the age of 18 had died by May 25, 2012. As a comparison, 122 pediatric flu-related deaths were reported during the 2010-2011 season.", "The flu kills about 36,000 people a year in the United States, according to the CDC, though the range varies greatly each year. Most deaths are caused by complications from the flu.", "Children under 2 years old, adults over 65, pregnant women and American Indians are at a greater risk of suffering from flu complications, according to the CDC. People with medical conditions like asthma, lung disease, heart disease and people with weakened immune systems are also at risk.", "Most of the people who die have underlying illnesses or a weakened immune system, says Dr. Sanjay Gupta, CNN’s chief medical correspondent. The flu can weaken the immune system even more, which can lead to a complication like a bacterial infection.", "Most people with the flu don’t have to – they’ll recover on their own in five to seven days with plenty of rest and fluids, says Dr. David Zich, internal medicine and emergency medicine physician at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago.", "“Let’s say you have the flu, you get better, you think everything is all clear,” Gupta says. “Then a couple days later, the fever comes back. That means you may now have a bacterial infection.”", "The flu vaccine is only about 60% effective, according to the CDC. How well the vaccine works can vary based on your age and health, as well as how good the “match” of the vaccine is to this year’s flu strain.", "Each year, the vaccine is made from three strains of the influenza virus that researchers suspect will be the most active. So far, according to the CDC, this year’s vaccine matches well with the most predominant type of flu spreading in the United States, but is less well matched to the No. 2 type of virus.", "The vaccine usually works best in young, healthy people, according to Dr. Bill Schaffner, chairman of the preventative medicine department at Vanderbilt University. But even if you do get the flu, the vaccine can protect against harsher complications.", "The virus used in the flu shot is a dead virus, Gupta says. “You cannot get the flu from a flu shot.” But your body’s immune system will react, and that can make you feel pain in your arm or feel less than 100% for a few days.", "While CNN has heard reports of vaccine shortages in some areas, manufacturers say there are vaccines available for anyone who wants to get a flu shot.", "There was a temporary delay in new shipments of the antiviral medicine Tamiflu due to an increased demand, according to a spokeswoman. Tamiflu can help reduce the severity and length of flu symptoms if taken early.", "In one word: no. Keep in mind that it takes about two weeks for antibodies to develop in your body and provide protection against the virus, the CDC says.", "It’s disturbing to think about, but flu germs can spread up to 6 feet through coughs and sneezes. They can also live on surfaces for up to eight hours.", "Dr. Jennifer Shu, a pediatrician and mother of two, recommends practicing good “social distancing.” This means canceling parties or dates if someone is sick and avoiding large crowds (like at the movies or going out to dinner) if your community has been hit hard by the virus.", "It’s also a good idea to practice proper hand-washing – for at least 20 seconds several times a day. And wiping handles, counters and remotes daily with hot soapy water or disinfectant will kill any germs that linger." ] }, "parsed_md": "Your top 10 flu questions answered - CNN\n\nLive TV\n\nFollow CNN\n\n# Your top 10 flu questions answered\n\nCNN staff\n\nUpdated 11:19 AM EST, Mon January 14, 2013\n\n03:02 - Source: CNN\n\nWhat makes flu outbreak an 'epidemic'?\n\n### Story highlights\n\nThe type of flu going around is called Influenza A (H3N2)\n\nThe flu kills about 36,000 people a year in the United States, according to\nthe CDC\n\nPeople with medical conditions and weakened immune systems are most at risk\n\nAn early and severe start to the flu season has many health experts concerned.\nOn Friday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 47 states\nare experiencing widespread activity, although it appears to be decreasing in\nsome areas.\n\nAccording to the CDC, this is the most flu cases they’ve seen at this time of\nyear in more than a decade. Twenty pediatric flu-related deaths have occurred\nsince the start of the season. The CDC does not track adult flu-related\ndeaths.\n\nThe peak of the season, which usually happens in February, may be yet to come\nfor most states – officials said Friday it may be a week or two before it\nbecomes clear whether cases have peaked. Here are some common flu questions\nfrom readers answered:\n\nWhy is this year’s flu causing more severe cases?\n\nThe type of flu that is going around is called Influenza A (H3N2), which is\noften linked to more serious diseases than other flu varieties, Dr. Anthony\nFauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases\nat the National Institutes of Health, told CNN. People could get more\ncomplications from this particular strain, which would make them sick for a\nlonger period of time.\n\nHow is this flu season different than last year’s?\n\nThe 2011-2012 flu season began late and was relatively mild compared with\nprevious seasons, according to the CDC. In fact, the season’s peak set a\nrecord for the lowest and shortest since surveillance began.\n\nThe number of pediatric flu-related deaths was also low last year. The CDC\nreported 26 children under the age of 18 had died by May 25, 2012. As a\ncomparison, 122 pediatric flu-related deaths were reported during the\n2010-2011 season.\n\nRelated Video Worst flu season in a decade\n\nRelated Video Dealing with and preventing the flu\n\nRelated Video Texas teen dies from flu\n\nRelated Video Flu epidemic sweeps country\n\nHow many people usually die from the flu each year?\n\nThe flu kills about 36,000 people a year in the United States, according to\nthe CDC, though the range varies greatly each year. Most deaths are caused by\ncomplications from the flu.\n\nChildren under 2 years old, adults over 65, pregnant women and American\nIndians are at a greater risk of suffering from flu complications, according\nto the CDC. People with medical conditions like asthma, lung disease, heart\ndisease and people with weakened immune systems are also at risk.\n\nHow does someone go from having the flu to dying?\n\nMost of the people who die have underlying illnesses or a weakened immune\nsystem, says Dr. Sanjay Gupta, CNN’s chief medical correspondent. The flu can\nweaken the immune system even more, which can lead to a complication like a\nbacterial infection.\n\n“It is that bacterial infection that most often causes death, especially in\nthe younger population,” Gupta says.\n\nSo if I get the flu, should I go to the emergency room?\n\nMost people with the flu don’t have to – they’ll recover on their own in five\nto seven days with plenty of rest and fluids, says Dr. David Zich, internal\nmedicine and emergency medicine physician at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in\nChicago.\n\nHowever, you should go to the ER immediately if:\n\n– You have difficulty breathing or have pain in your chest\n\n– You can’t keep fluids down because of nausea and vomiting\n\n– Your fever or cough gets better, then worsens\n\n“Let’s say you have the flu, you get better, you think everything is all\nclear,” Gupta says. “Then a couple days later, the fever comes back. That\nmeans you may now have a bacterial infection.”\n\nDoes this mean the flu vaccine isn’t working?\n\nThe flu vaccine is only about 60% effective, according to the CDC. How well\nthe vaccine works can vary based on your age and health, as well as how good\nthe “match” of the vaccine is to this year’s flu strain.\n\nEach year, the vaccine is made from three strains of the influenza virus that\nresearchers suspect will be the most active. So far, according to the CDC,\nthis year’s vaccine matches well with the most predominant type of flu\nspreading in the United States, but is less well matched to the No. 2 type of\nvirus.\n\nThe vaccine usually works best in young, healthy people, according to Dr. Bill\nSchaffner, chairman of the preventative medicine department at Vanderbilt\nUniversity. But even if you do get the flu, the vaccine can protect against\nharsher complications.\n\nLearn more about the flu vaccine’s effectiveness\n\nWill the flu vaccine make me sick?\n\nThe virus used in the flu shot is a dead virus, Gupta says. “You cannot get\nthe flu from a flu shot.” But your body’s immune system will react, and that\ncan make you feel pain in your arm or feel less than 100% for a few days.\n\nIs there a flu vaccine shortage?\n\nWhile CNN has heard reports of vaccine shortages in some areas, manufacturers\nsay there are vaccines available for anyone who wants to get a flu shot.\n\nThere was a temporary delay in new shipments of the antiviral medicine Tamiflu\ndue to an increased demand, according to a spokeswoman. Tamiflu can help\nreduce the severity and length of flu symptoms if taken early.\n\nLearn more about the reported shortages\n\nI’m sold! Is it too late to get the vaccine?\n\nIn one word: no. Keep in mind that it takes about two weeks for antibodies to\ndevelop in your body and provide protection against the virus, the CDC says.\n\nOpinion: Next time, get the vaccine early\n\nHow can I avoid getting the flu in the first place?\n\nIt’s disturbing to think about, but flu germs can spread up to 6 feet through\ncoughs and sneezes. They can also live on surfaces for up to eight hours.\n\nDr. Jennifer Shu, a pediatrician and mother of two, recommends practicing good\n“social distancing.” This means canceling parties or dates if someone is sick\nand avoiding large crowds (like at the movies or going out to dinner) if your\ncommunity has been hit hard by the virus.\n\nIt’s also a good idea to practice proper hand-washing – for at least 20\nseconds several times a day. And wiping handles, counters and remotes daily\nwith hot soapy water or disinfectant will kill any germs that linger.\n\nLearn more about how to protect yourself and your family\n\nFollow CNN\n\n© 2021 Cable News Network. A Warner Media Company. All Rights Reserved. CNN\nSans TM & © 2016 Cable News Network.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/6-tips-on-cold-remedies", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210202143605/https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/6-tips-on-cold-remedies", "parsed_text": { "title": "6 Cold and Flu Remedy Tips: Getting Fast Relief", "passages": [ "Most cold and flu drugs attack symptoms, not the specific viruses. They aren't a cure, but they can ease your symptoms or shorten your illness. There's no one right way to treat a cold or the flu. But here are some questions to ask your pharmacist to get the right over-the-counter medication for you.", "This depends on your symptoms. If you have nasal or sinus congestion, then a decongestant can be helpful. If you have drainage -- either a runny nose or postnasal drip or itchy, watery eyes -- then an antihistamine may be helpful. Over-the-counter antihistamines often make people drowsy; decongestants can make people hyper or keep them awake. Antihistamines can make secretions thick, which can be a problem for people with asthma. Keep in mind that both these medications may interact with other drugs you may be taking for conditions such as heart disease, and they may worsen some conditions. Discuss with your doctor or pharmacist which cold medication may be best for you.", "Decongestants can increase blood pressure and heart rate, and increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Pseudoephedrine is the primary oral decongestant available. In general, if your blood pressure is well controlled with medications, then a decongestant shouldn't be a problem as long as you monitor your blood pressure. This may not be true with certain types of blood pressure drugs. Check with your doctor or pharmacist about what may be best for you.", "Nasal decongestants work fast to open breathing passages. But if you use them for more than three days in a row, you may suffer a \"rebound effect,\" and end up more congested than you were at the start. Some doctors suggest using a saline spray instead of a medicated spray. Saline spray works more slowly but has no rebound effect.", "An occasional cough may clear the lung of pollutants and excess phlegm and probably shouldn't be treated. However, a persistent cough should be diagnosed and treated specifically. On the shelf you'll find numerous cough medicines with various combinations of decongestants, antihistamines, analgesics/antipyretics, cough suppressants, and expectorants. Ask your pharmacist which combination, if any, would be right for you.", "Fever may be a good thing. It helps the body fight off infection by suppressing the growth of bacteria and viruses and activating the immune system. Doctors no longer recommend suppressing fever for most people, except perhaps for the very young, the very old, and those with certain medical conditions such as heart disease or lung disease. However, if you are uncomfortable, it's fine to take these medications. Young people (including those in their early 20s), however, should avoid aspirin. Tylenol, or other medicines with acetaminophen, and Advil, or other medicines with ibuprofen, are best. Each type of medicine has its own set of risks, so check with your doctor or pharmacist as to which type of pain reliever or fever reducer is best for you.", "Be careful not to overdose! These drugs are often mixed in with cough and cold and flu remedies. Read the labels and don't take a separate pain remedy if your cough or cold medicine includes it. If you are unsure about the ingredients, talk to your pharmacist before taking the medicine.", "Drinking lots of fluids and using salt water gargles (made by combining a cup of warm water and a teaspoon of salt) can often be helpful for easing the pain of a sore throat. Some oral medications (such as Tylenol) and medicated lozenges and gargles can also temporarily soothe a sore throat. Get your doctor's approval before using any medications, including over-the-counter drugs, and don't use lozenges or gargles for more than a few days. The drugs could mask signs of strep throat, a bacterial infection that should be treated with antibiotics." ] }, "parsed_md": "6 Cold and Flu Remedy Tips: Getting Fast Relief\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Cold, Flu, & Cough Home\n\n * Cold\n * Flu\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * Medications\n * Find a Doctor\n * Cold & Flu Map\n\n### Related to Cold, Flu, & Cough\n\n * Allergies\n * Bronchitis\n * Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n * Ear Infection\n * Flu Vaccine\n * Sinus Infection\n * Strep Throat\n * Drug Interaction Checker\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Cold, Flu, & Cough\n * Reference\n\n# What Can I Buy for Fast Relief From a Cold or the Flu?\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nShare on Twitter\n\nShare on Pinterest\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\n### In this Article\n\n * #1 Should I Take a Decongestant or an Antihistamine?\n * #2 Is It Safe to Take a Decongestant if I Have High Blood Pressure?\n * #3 How Often Should I Use Nasal Spray?\n * #4 What's the Deal With Cough Medicine?\n * #5 What Should I Take for Fever and Aches?\n * #6 What's Best for My Sore Throat?\n\nMost cold and flu drugs attack symptoms, not the specific viruses. They aren't\na cure, but they can ease your symptoms or shorten your illness. There's no\none right way to treat a cold or the flu. But here are some questions to ask\nyour pharmacist to get the right over-the-counter medication for you.\n\n## #1 Should I Take a Decongestant or an Antihistamine?\n\nThis depends on your symptoms. If you have nasal or sinus congestion, then a\ndecongestant can be helpful. If you have drainage -- either a runny nose or\npostnasal drip or itchy, watery eyes -- then an antihistamine may be helpful.\nOver-the-counter antihistamines often make people drowsy; decongestants can\nmake people hyper or keep them awake. Antihistamines can make secretions\nthick, which can be a problem for people with asthma. Keep in mind that both\nthese medications may interact with other drugs you may be taking for\nconditions such as heart disease, and they may worsen some conditions. Discuss\nwith your doctor or pharmacist which cold medication may be best for you.\n\n## #2 Is It Safe to Take a Decongestant if I Have High Blood Pressure?\n\nDecongestants can increase blood pressure and heart rate, and increase the\nrisk of heart attacks and strokes. Pseudoephedrine is the primary oral\ndecongestant available. In general, if your blood pressure is well controlled\nwith medications, then a decongestant shouldn't be a problem as long as you\nmonitor your blood pressure. This may not be true with certain types of blood\npressure drugs. Check with your doctor or pharmacist about what may be best\nfor you.\n\n## #3 How Often Should I Use Nasal Spray?\n\nNasal decongestants work fast to open breathing passages. But if you use them\nfor more than three days in a row, you may suffer a \"rebound effect,\" and end\nup more congested than you were at the start. Some doctors suggest using a\nsaline spray instead of a medicated spray. Saline spray works more slowly but\nhas no rebound effect.\n\n## #4 What's the Deal With Cough Medicine?\n\nAn occasional cough may clear the lung of pollutants and excess phlegm and\nprobably shouldn't be treated. However, a persistent cough should be diagnosed\nand treated specifically. On the shelf you'll find numerous cough medicines\nwith various combinations of decongestants, antihistamines,\nanalgesics/antipyretics, cough suppressants, and expectorants. Ask your\npharmacist which combination, if any, would be right for you.\n\n## #5 What Should I Take for Fever and Aches?\n\nFever may be a good thing. It helps the body fight off infection by\nsuppressing the growth of bacteria and viruses and activating the immune\nsystem. Doctors no longer recommend suppressing fever for most people, except\nperhaps for the very young, the very old, and those with certain medical\nconditions such as heart disease or lung disease. However, if you are\nuncomfortable, it's fine to take these medications. Young people (including\nthose in their early 20s), however, should avoid aspirin. Tylenol, or other\nmedicines with acetaminophen, and Advil, or other medicines with ibuprofen,\nare best. Each type of medicine has its own set of risks, so check with your\ndoctor or pharmacist as to which type of pain reliever or fever reducer is\nbest for you.\n\nBe careful not to overdose! These drugs are often mixed in with cough and cold\nand flu remedies. Read the labels and don't take a separate pain remedy if\nyour cough or cold medicine includes it. If you are unsure about the\ningredients, talk to your pharmacist before taking the medicine.\n\n## #6 What's Best for My Sore Throat?\n\nDrinking lots of fluids and using salt water gargles (made by combining a cup\nof warm water and a teaspoon of salt) can often be helpful for easing the pain\nof a sore throat. Some oral medications (such as Tylenol) and medicated\nlozenges and gargles can also temporarily soothe a sore throat. Get your\ndoctor's approval before using any medications, including over-the-counter\ndrugs, and don't use lozenges or gargles for more than a few days. The drugs\ncould mask signs of strep throat, a bacterial infection that should be treated\nwith antibiotics.\n\nWebMD Medical Reference Reviewed by Carol DerSarkissian on July 19, 2020\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCE: The American Academy of Family Physicians.\n\n© 2020 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * 10 Foods to Eat When You Have the Flu\n * Personalized Treatments for Your Cold Symptoms\n * Tips to Survive Cold & Flu Season\n * Flu Shot and Side Effects\n * 15 Immune-Boosting Superfoods\n * [vid_icon]Myths & Facts About Colds\n\n### further reading\n\n * How to Get Allergy Relief at Home\n * Top Allergy Kit Must-Haves\n * Antihistamines for Allergies\n * An Allergy-Free Vacation: It's Possible With Planning\n * How to Survive Spring Allergy Season\n * Blocking Allergy Symptoms: How Pretreatment Works\n * 10 Outdoor Adventures With Allergies\n * Antihistamines Topics\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n#### Natural Cold & Flu Remedies\n\n15 tips to help you feel better.\n\n#### The Truth About the Common Cold\n\nDo echinacea and vitamin C really help a cold?\n\n#### Calm a Nighttime Cough\n\nGet a good night’s rest with these remedies.\n\n#### 15 Immune-Boosting Foods\n\nEat these to fight colds, flu, and more.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Can Fevers Be Good for You? Facts About Body Temperature\n\nArticle\n\n#### Best Ways to Avoid Colds and Flu\n\nArticle\n\n#### Is It a Cold or a Sinus Infection?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Germy Things You Touch Every Day\n\nArticle\n\n#### How Exactly Do You Catch a Cold or the Flu?\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Superbugs: Fact vs. Fiction\n\nArticle\n\n#### 6 Things Crashing Your Immune System\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Anatomy of a Sore Throat\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Tips to Survive Cold & Flu\n * Do Antibiotics Cure Colds?\n * Calm Your Cough at Night\n * 15 Immune-Boosting Foods\n * Inside an Ear Infection\n * Scratchy Throat: Is It Strep?\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Long-Term Acute Care\n * Enlarged Prostate Facts\n * Cancer Detection\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Discover hATTR Symptoms\n * Weight-Loss Surgery\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Preventing Infection\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * Finding the Care You Need for MS\n * New Hope for Narcolepsy\n * Eat Better in the New Year\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Start a Home Fitness Program\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Common Psoriasis Triggers\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * Tackling Pain of Psoriatic Arthritis\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * When Ulcerative Colitis Flares\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2021 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2013/01/17/sleep-better-while-sick-cold-flu_n_2487635.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170812042551/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2013/01/17/sleep-better-while-sick-cold-flu_n_2487635.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Sleep Better While Sick With A Cold Or The Flu", "passages": [ "We know that the right amount of shut-eye is key to avoiding illness this cold and flu season, as well as getting better fast. But anyone who has ever had a hacking cough or runny nose knows that's often easier said than done.", "Between the congestion and the coughing and the chills, trying to sleep while sick can feel more stressful than restorative. Not to mention that symptoms seem to worsen as bedtime approaches. \"A lot of that has to do with positioning,\" says Jennifer Collins, M.D., an assistant professor of allergy and immunology at The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary. \"When you're sitting up, gravity is helping you. When you lie flat, that post-nasal drip starts pulling on the back of your throat, making it much more difficult to breathe through your nose. Most people end up breathing through their mouth and coughing, which is disruptive to sleep.\"", "While it certainly doesn't sound pleasant, there are some simple ways to alleviate symptoms and put a good night's sleep within reach.", "Even though your first instinct might be to hit up the pharmacy, turns out, everyone reacts to nighttime medications differently. Some people may even have adverse reactions that keep them up instead of lulling them to sleep, like feeling jittery or anxious, or experiencing a rapid heartbeat. The decongestant pseudoephedrine might be behind these symptoms, according to WebMD. The typical dose is also often more medication than you really need, since many pills combine a sedating effect with symptom relief, says Collins." ] }, "parsed_md": "Sleep Better While Sick With A Cold Or The Flu | HuffPost\n\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\nyou.\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\n * Arabi\n * Australia\n * Brasil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Greece\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * Japan\n * Korea\n * Maghreb\n * México\n * Québec\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n * South Africa\n\nClose\n\nHEALTHY LIVING\n\n01/17/2013 08:18 am ET | Updated Jan 23, 2014\n\n# Sleep Better While Sick With A Cold Or The Flu\n\nBy Sarah Klein\n\n460\n\n27\n\nWe know that the right amount of shut-eye is key to avoiding illness this cold\nand flu season, as well as getting better fast. But anyone who has ever had a\nhacking cough or runny nose knows that's often easier said than done.\n\nBetween the congestion and the coughing and the chills, trying to sleep while\nsick can feel more stressful than restorative. Not to mention that symptoms\nseem to worsen as bedtime approaches. \"A lot of that has to do with\npositioning,\" says Jennifer Collins, M.D., an assistant professor of allergy\nand immunology at The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary. \"When you're sitting up,\ngravity is helping you. When you lie flat, that post-nasal drip starts pulling\non the back of your throat, making it much more difficult to breathe through\nyour nose. Most people end up breathing through their mouth and coughing,\nwhich is disruptive to sleep.\"\n\nWhile it certainly doesn't sound pleasant, there are some simple ways to\nalleviate symptoms and put a good night's sleep within reach.\n\nSleep Better When Sick\n\nSleep Better When Sick\n\n## Sleep Better When Sick\n\n1\n\nof\n\n7\n\nBe Careful With Cold Meds\n\nEven though your first instinct might be to hit up the pharmacy, turns out,\neveryone reacts to nighttime medications differently. Some people may even\nhave adverse reactions that keep them up instead of lulling them to sleep,\nlike feeling jittery or anxious, or experiencing a rapid heartbeat. The\ndecongestant pseudoephedrine might be behind these symptoms, according to\nWebMD. The typical dose is also often more medication than you really need,\nsince many pills combine a sedating effect with symptom relief, says Collins.\n\nShare this slide:\n\nFlickr:It's So Sunny!\n\nDownload\n\n#### RELATED ON HUFFPOST:\n\nSuggest a correction\n\nSarah Klein Senior Editor, Health & Fitness; Certified Personal Trainer\n\n## MORE:\n\nHow To Sleep Better While Sick How To Sleep Better When Sick Flu Sleep Better\nWhen Sick Sleep Better\n\nSubscribe to the Lifestyle email.\n\nLife hacks and juicy stories to get you through the week.\n\nSleep Better While Sick With A Cold Or The Flu\n\n460\n\n27\n\n## CONVERSATIONS\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * Careers\n * Archive\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n\n©2017 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost Lifestyle\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006042128/https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Flu Spreads", "passages": [ "People with flu can spread it to others up to about 6 feet away. Most experts think that flu viruses spread mainly by droplets made when people with flu cough, sneeze or talk. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs. Less often, a person might get flu by touching a surface or object that has flu virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose, or possibly their eyes.", "People with flu are most contagious in the first three to four days after their illness begins. Most healthy adults may be able to infect others beginning 1 day before symptoms develop and up to 5 to 7 days after becoming sick. Children and some people with weakened immune systems may pass the virus for longer than 7 days.", "Symptoms can begin about 2 days (but can range from 1 to 4 days) after the virus enters the body. That means that you may be able to pass on the flu to someone else before you know you are sick, as well as while you are sick. Some people can be infected with a flu virus but have no symptoms. During this time, those people may still spread the virus to others.", "You may be able to pass on flu to someone else before you know you are sick, as well as while you are sick.", "Some otherwise healthy adults may be able to infect others beginning 1 day before symptoms develop and up to 5 to 7 days after becoming sick.", "Some people, especially young children and people with weakened immune systems, might be able to infect others with flu viruses for an even longer time.", "Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website." ] }, "parsed_md": "How Flu Spreads | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People\n\nInfluenza (Flu)\n\n# How Flu Spreads\n\nEspañol | Other Languages\n\nRelated Pages\n\n### Person to Person\n\nPeople with flu can spread it to others up to about 6 feet away. Most experts\nthink that flu viruses spread mainly by droplets made when people with flu\ncough, sneeze or talk. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of\npeople who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs. Less often, a\nperson might get flu by touching a surface or object that has flu virus on it\nand then touching their own mouth, nose, or possibly their eyes.\n\n### When Flu Spreads\n\nPeople with flu are most contagious in the first three to four days after\ntheir illness begins. Most healthy adults may be able to infect others\nbeginning 1 day before symptoms develop and up to 5 to 7 days after becoming\nsick. Children and some people with weakened immune systems may pass the virus\nfor longer than 7 days.\n\nSymptoms can begin about 2 days (but can range from 1 to 4 days) after the\nvirus enters the body. That means that you may be able to pass on the flu to\nsomeone else before you know you are sick, as well as while you are sick. Some\npeople can be infected with a flu virus but have no symptoms. During this\ntime, those people may still spread the virus to others.\n\n### Period of Contagiousness\n\nYou may be able to pass on flu to someone else before you know you are sick,\nas well as while you are sick.\n\n * People with flu are most contagious in the first 3-4 days after their illness begins.\n * Some otherwise healthy adults may be able to infect others beginning 1 day before symptoms develop and up to 5 to 7 days after becoming sick.\n * Some people, especially young children and people with weakened immune systems, might be able to infect others with flu viruses for an even longer time.\n\nPage last reviewed: August 27, 2018\n\nContent source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center\nfor Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD)\n\nWhat CDC Does\n\n * FluVaxView\n * Communications Resource Center\n * International Work\n * Outbreak Investigations\n\nemail_03Get Email Updates\n\nTo receive weekly email updates about Seasonal Flu, enter your email address:\n\nInfluenza Types\n\n * Seasonal\n * Pandemic\n * Avian\n * Swine\n * Influenza in Animals\n\nHAVE QUESTIONS?\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Other Languages\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * Vulnerability Disclosure Policy\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Other Languages\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * CDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n * Español\n * 繁體中文\n * Tiếng Việt\n * 한국어\n * Tagalog\n * Русский\n * العربية\n * Kreyòl Ayisyen\n * Français\n * Polski\n * Português\n * Italiano\n * Deutsch\n * 日本語\n * فارسی\n * English\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/humidifiers/art-20048021", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211028192654/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/humidifiers/art-20048021?pg=2", "parsed_text": { "title": "Humidifiers: Ease skin, breathing symptoms", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Humidifiers: Ease skin, breathing symptoms - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://health.usnews.com/health-news/articles/2013/01/19/flu-vs-the-common-cold-symptoms-and-treatment", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190911194636/https://health.usnews.com/health-news/articles/2013/01/19/flu-vs-the-common-cold-symptoms-and-treatment", "parsed_text": { "title": "Flu vs. the Common Cold: Symptoms and Treatment", "passages": [ "Patients may find it difficult to distinguish between a cold and the flu, and pharmacists can help them determine if self-treatment is appropriate.", "Having a cold or the flu is a familiar event for many of us. A cold usually comes on slowly, starting with a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, and a sore throat. The flu often comes on quickly with extreme tiredness, fever, body aches, and a cough. Both usually last for one to two weeks. The symptoms are similar and difficult to tell apart. The flu is typically worse than a cold and more likely to cause complications that require prescription medications or hospitalization.", "The flu and the common cold are respiratory illnesses caused by different viruses. There are hundreds of cold viruses that can cause a cold any time of year. There are fewer flu viruses. The main two types are influenza A and B.", "Although the flu is most common during flu season, which lasts from October to mid-May, it can happen any time of year. Unfortunately, the flu and a cold cannot be reliably told apart by either the symptoms or the time of year.", "Complications of the flu and a cold include strep throat, pneumonia, bronchitis, sinus infections, and ear infections. Signs of these complications include a persistent fever (greater than 101 degrees Fahrenheit for more than three or four days in adults), painful swallowing, persistent coughing (lasting longer than three weeks), persistent congestion, and headaches (lasting longer than one week). People with chronic health problems, such as obesity, asthma, diabetes, and heart disease, can have additional complications.", "People with a high risk of developing complications should see their doctor if they have flu-like symptoms. Although there is no cure for the flu, a doctor can prescribe oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza). These antiviral drugs can lessen the severity and shorten the duration of the flu, thus reducing the likelihood of complications. These drugs are most effective if taken within 48 hours of the start of flu symptoms.", "If complications are already present, the doctor can prescribe additional medications, such as antibiotics, or recommend hospitalization. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists the following groups as at high risk for developing complications:", "If your doctor prescribes medications to treat the flu, it is important to take the medicine promptly and properly. Take time to talk to your pharmacist about how to take the medications and what to expect. When treating the flu, either after seeing a doctor or on your own, the symptoms should begin to clear up within one week. If they do not, contact your doctor.", "The CDC lists emergency warning signs to watch for that require immediate medical attention, especially for those in the high-risk groups.", "In addition to the signs above, get medical help right away for an infant who has any of these signs:", "If you're not in one of the high-risk groups for complications, you don't have any of the emergency warning signs, you're well enough to take care of your basic needs, and your symptoms are mild, you're most likely able to treat your flu or cold at home. If you're not sure, talk to your pharmacist or doctor.", "Getting plenty of rest and fluids is the first thing you can do to speed your recovery. It's best to avoid caffeinated beverages and alcohol, and instead focus on water, juice, and soup. Stay in bed, keep contact with household members to a minimum, and don't go out in public unless absolutely necessary. Caregivers should likewise keep contact to a minimum and wash hands often with soap and water.", "Remember that during the first three days that you have cold symptoms, you're contagious. With the flu, you 're contagious one day before symptoms develop and up to five to seven days after becoming sick. Stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone, except to get medical care.", "Most symptoms can be treated with over-the-counter medications if they're getting in the way of sleep. Again, take time to talk to your pharmacist about how to take the medications, read the package directions each time, and use only the supplied measuring device. Children younger than 6 years should take cough or cold medications only under the direction of a doctor. Children under the age of 19 should never take aspirin.", "Good personal hygiene is important for preventing illness. Touching your face, mouth, nose, or eyes after contact with the virus provides an easy way in. Coughing and sneezing sends the virus into the air.", "Using tissues, covering your mouth with the crook of your elbow, or even using a mask can reduce the spread of the virus. Getting vaccinated for the flu is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your community against the virus.", "Unless you are allergic to chicken eggs or had an allergic reaction to a flu shot in the past, everyone older than 6 months should be vaccinated.", "Note: This article was originally published on Nov. 16, 2011 on PharmacyTimes.com. It has been edited and republished by U.S. News.", "U.S. News analyzed insurance companies’ Medicare Part D Prescription Drug plan offerings in each state based on their 2019 CMS star ratings.", "The Trump administration is taking aim at Obamacare through a host of administrative and executive actions, some of which may impact Medicare." ] }, "parsed_md": "Flu vs. the Common Cold: Symptoms and Treatment | Health | US News\n\n# Flu vs. the Common Cold: Symptoms and Treatment\n\n## Learn which illness you have, how to feel better, when to see the doctor,\nand more.\n\nBy Brian Decker and Mark Herring Jan. 19, 2013\n\nBy Brian Decker and Mark Herring Jan. 19, 2013, at 9:00 a.m.\n\nMore\n\nFlu vs. Cold: Symptoms and Treatment\n\nMore\n\n(Heidi van der Westhuizen/iStockphoto)\n\nPatients may find it difficult to distinguish between a cold and the flu, and\npharmacists can help them determine if self-treatment is appropriate.\n\nHaving a cold or the flu is a familiar event for many of us. A cold usually\ncomes on slowly, starting with a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, and a sore\nthroat. The flu often comes on quickly with extreme tiredness, fever, body\naches, and a cough. Both usually last for one to two weeks. The symptoms are\nsimilar and difficult to tell apart. The flu is typically worse than a cold\nand more likely to cause complications that require prescription medications\nor hospitalization.\n\nHow Do I Know If It's a Cold or the Flu?\n\nThe flu and the common cold are respiratory illnesses caused by different\nviruses. There are hundreds of cold viruses that can cause a cold any time of\nyear. There are fewer flu viruses. The main two types are influenza A and B.\n\nAlthough the flu is most common during flu season, which lasts from October to\nmid-May, it can happen any time of year. Unfortunately, the flu and a cold\ncannot be reliably told apart by either the symptoms or the time of year.\n\n[See How to Get Your Sick College Kid Home Quick.]\n\nWhen Should I See a Doctor?\n\nComplications of the flu and a cold include strep throat, pneumonia,\nbronchitis, sinus infections, and ear infections. Signs of these complications\ninclude a persistent fever (greater than 101 degrees Fahrenheit for more than\nthree or four days in adults), painful swallowing, persistent coughing\n(lasting longer than three weeks), persistent congestion, and headaches\n(lasting longer than one week). People with chronic health problems, such as\nobesity, asthma, diabetes, and heart disease, can have additional\ncomplications.\n\nPeople with a high risk of developing complications should see their doctor if\nthey have flu-like symptoms. Although there is no cure for the flu, a doctor\ncan prescribe oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza). These antiviral\ndrugs can lessen the severity and shorten the duration of the flu, thus\nreducing the likelihood of complications. These drugs are most effective if\ntaken within 48 hours of the start of flu symptoms.\n\nIf complications are already present, the doctor can prescribe additional\nmedications, such as antibiotics, or recommend hospitalization. The U.S.\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists the following groups as\nat high risk for developing complications:\n\n• Children younger than 5 years, but especially children younger than 2 years\n\n• Adults 65 years and older\n\n• Pregnant women\n\n• American Indians and Alaskan natives\n\n• People who have chronic medical conditions\n\nIf your doctor prescribes medications to treat the flu, it is important to\ntake the medicine promptly and properly. Take time to talk to your pharmacist\nabout how to take the medications and what to expect. When treating the flu,\neither after seeing a doctor or on your own, the symptoms should begin to\nclear up within one week. If they do not, contact your doctor.\n\nThe CDC lists emergency warning signs to watch for that require immediate\nmedical attention, especially for those in the high-risk groups.\n\n[See Flu Season: What to Know to Stay Healthy.]\n\nEmergency Warning Signs\n\nIn Children:\n\n• Fast breathing or trouble breathing\n\n• Bluish skin color\n\n• Not drinking enough fluids\n\n• Not waking up or not interacting\n\n• Being so irritable that they do not want to be held\n\n• Flu-like symptoms that improve but then return with fever and worse cough\n\n• Fever with a rash\n\nIn addition to the signs above, get medical help right away for an infant who\nhas any of these signs:\n\n• Unable to eat\n\n• Trouble breathing\n\n• No tears when crying\n\n• Significantly fewer wet diapers than normal\n\n• Younger than 2 months with fever of 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit or higher\n\n• 3 to 6 months old with fever of 103 degrees Fahrenheit or higher\n\n• Older than 6 months with fever of 104 degrees Fahrenheit or higher\n\nIn Adults:\n\n• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath\n\n• Pain or pressure in the chest or abdomen\n\n• Sudden dizziness\n\n• Confusion\n\n• Severe or persistent vomiting\n\n• Flu-like symptoms that improve but then return with fever and worse cough\n\n[See 7 Nasty Germs That Could Land Your Kid in the Hospital—and How to Avoid\nThem.]\n\nWhen Should I Treat My Illness at Home?\n\nIf you're not in one of the high-risk groups for complications, you don't have\nany of the emergency warning signs, you're well enough to take care of your\nbasic needs, and your symptoms are mild, you're most likely able to treat your\nflu or cold at home. If you're not sure, talk to your pharmacist or doctor.\n\nSelf-Care for Cold and Flu\n\nGetting plenty of rest and fluids is the first thing you can do to speed your\nrecovery. It's best to avoid caffeinated beverages and alcohol, and instead\nfocus on water, juice, and soup. Stay in bed, keep contact with household\nmembers to a minimum, and don't go out in public unless absolutely necessary.\nCaregivers should likewise keep contact to a minimum and wash hands often with\nsoap and water.\n\nRemember that during the first three days that you have cold symptoms, you're\ncontagious. With the flu, you 're contagious one day before symptoms develop\nand up to five to seven days after becoming sick. Stay home for at least 24\nhours after your fever is gone, except to get medical care.\n\nMost symptoms can be treated with over-the-counter medications if they're\ngetting in the way of sleep. Again, take time to talk to your pharmacist about\nhow to take the medications, read the package directions each time, and use\nonly the supplied measuring device. Children younger than 6 years should take\ncough or cold medications only under the direction of a doctor. Children under\nthe age of 19 should never take aspirin.\n\nHow Can I Avoid Getting The Flu or a Cold?\n\nGood personal hygiene is important for preventing illness. Touching your face,\nmouth, nose, or eyes after contact with the virus provides an easy way in.\nCoughing and sneezing sends the virus into the air.\n\nUsing tissues, covering your mouth with the crook of your elbow, or even using\na mask can reduce the spread of the virus. Getting vaccinated for the flu is\none of the best ways to protect yourself and your community against the virus.\n\n[See Back-to-School Germs to Avoid.]\n\nWho Should Get a Flu Shot?\n\nUnless you are allergic to chicken eggs or had an allergic reaction to a flu\nshot in the past, everyone older than 6 months should be vaccinated.\n\nNote: This article was originally published on Nov. 16, 2011 on\nPharmacyTimes.com. It has been edited and republished by U.S. News.\n\nTags: influenza, health, men's health, women's health\n\n#### Most Popular\n\nFor Parents\n\nFocus on Overall Health Not Weight\n\nFood\n\nHow Much Protein Do I Need?\n\nPatient Advice\n\nFoods for Ulcerative Colitis\n\nEat + Run\n\nWhy You Should Avoid No-Sugar Diets\n\nFor Parents\n\nDiet Apps Are Putting Kids at Risk\n\nhealth disclaimer »\n\nDisclaimer and a note about your health »\n\nRecommended\n\n### 7 Myths About Caregiving Costs\n\nDecipher the fine print when caring for a loved one.\n\nRachel HartmanDec. 12, 2018\n\n### What Is a Health Savings Account?\n\nUnderstand the details involved with health savings accounts before opening\none.\n\nRachel HartmanDec. 5, 2018\n\n### How U.S. News Picked the 2019 Best Insurance Companies for Medicare\n\nU.S. News rated the best private insurance companies for Medicare Advantage\nand prescription drug coverage.\n\nU.S. News StaffOct. 17, 2018\n\n### Best Insurance Cos. for Medicare Part D Plans 2019\n\nU.S. News analyzed insurance companies’ Medicare Part D Prescription Drug plan\nofferings in each state based on their 2019 CMS star ratings.\n\nU.S. News StaffOct. 17, 2018\n\n### Best Insurance Cos. for Medicare Advantage 2019\n\nU.S. News analyzed insurance companies’ Medicare Advantage offerings in each\nstate based on their 2019 CMS star ratings.\n\nU.S. News StaffOct. 17, 2018\n\n### How Flexibility and Mobility Differ\n\nExperts explain why you need more than stretching to stay mobile.\n\nK. Aleisha FettersMay 29, 2018\n\n### Medicare Glossary: a Terminology Guide\n\nMedicare Advantage Plan? Annual notice of change? Here's what it all means.\n\nLisa ZamoskyMarch 27, 2018\n\n### How U.S. News Picked 2018 Medicare Plans\n\nU.S. News rated the best private insurers for Medicare Advantage and\nprescription drug coverage.\n\nU.S. News StaffMarch 22, 2018\n\n### How the Health Care Debate Is Impacting Medicare\n\nThe Trump administration is taking aim at Obamacare through a host of\nadministrative and executive actions, some of which may impact Medicare.\n\nLisa ZamoskyOct. 16, 2017\n\n### Best Medicare Part D Plans 2018\n\nThe companies in our list offer highly rated Medicare Part D plans.\n\nU.S. News StaffOct. 16, 2017\n\nHospitals\n\nDoctors\n\nDentists\n\nSenior Care\n\nNursing Homes\n\nAssisted Living\n\nWellness\n\nDiets\n\nHealth Insurance\n\nConditions\n\nHospitals\n\nFind a Hospital\n\nBest Hospitals\n\nBest Children's Hospitals\n\nAdvice for Hospital Patients\n\nAdvice for Health Professionals\n\nHow We Rank\n\nDoctors\n\nFind a Doctor\n\nPrimary Care Physicians\n\nPediatricians\n\nHow to Choose a Doctor\n\nPreparing for a Doctor Visit\n\nDentists\n\nFind a Dentist\n\nOrthodontists\n\nHow to Choose the Right Dentist\n\nSenior Care\n\nAdvice for Caregivers\n\nPaying for Care Advice\n\nNursing Homes\n\nFind a Nursing Home\n\nAssisted Living\n\nFind an Assisted Living Community\n\nWellness\n\nFood\n\nFitness\n\nMind\n\nDiets\n\nBest Diets Overall\n\nBest Weight-Loss Diets\n\nBest Commercial Diet Plans\n\nHealth Insurance\n\nFind Plans by State\n\nMedicare Plans\n\nChoosing a Health Plan\n\nConditions\n\nOver the Counter Drugs\n\nBreast Cancer\n\nLung Cancer\n\nDepression\n\nADHD\n\nDiabetes\n\nHeart Disease\n\nAbout U.S. News\n\nContact\n\nPress\n\nAdvertise\n\nNewsletters\n\nJobs\n\nSite Map\n\nStore\n\nCopyright 2019 © U.S. News & World Report L.P.Terms & Conditions/Privacy\nPolicy\n\n" } ]
1,079,925
How To Begin a Novel
To begin a novel, try to come up with a first line that engages the reader’s interest while introducing the style of the narrator, like in Nabakov’s line, “Lolita, light of my life, fire of my loins." Additionally, consider starting the story in the middle of some action, like a character rushing to catch a train or being surprised by something, so that the reader becomes enthralled right away. Alternatively, try starting with interesting dialogue, such as "You missed the train again!" to make the reader want to know more about the characters.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518104628/https://www.writersdigest.com/prompts", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511050144/https://writetodone.com/how-to-start-novel/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181105035744/http://www.writersdigest.com:80/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/how-to-start-a-novel-right-5-great-tips", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210123210629/https://www.nownovel.com/blog/7-ways-write-plot-outline/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210623150555/https://www.advancedfictionwriting.com/articles/snowflake-method/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170122125716/https://www.scribendi.com/advice/theplotskeleton.en.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506185446/https://www.janefriedman.com/begin-with-action/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200216003159/https://www.writersdigest.com/online-editor/7-ways-to-create-a-killer-opening-line-for-your-novel" ]
train
1,873
[ { "original_url": "https://www.writersdigest.com/prompts", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518104628/https://www.writersdigest.com/prompts", "parsed_text": { "title": "Creative Writing Prompts", "passages": [ "Need an idea to help you get started writing? You’ll find hundreds of fun writing prompts here – perfect for beginning a new novel or short story, or simply giving your writing muscle a workout." ] }, "parsed_md": "Creative Writing Prompts - Writer's Digest\n\n * Write Better Fiction\n * Write Better Nonfiction\n * Write Better Poetry\n * Get Published\n * Be Inspired\n * WD Competitions\n * Resources\n\n * Script\n * Events\n * Competitions\n * Free Downloads\n * Subscribe\n * Shop\n\n * Write Better Fiction\n * Write Better Nonfiction\n * Write Better Poetry\n * Get Published\n * Be Inspired\n * WD Competitions\n * Resources\n\n * Home\n\n * Creative Writing Prompts\n\n# Creative Writing Prompts\n\nNeed an idea to help you get started writing? You’ll find hundreds of fun\nwriting prompts here – perfect for beginning a new novel or short story, or\nsimply giving your writing muscle a workout.\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Strange Candy\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nMay 11, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Written in the Stars\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nMay 4, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Childhood Treats\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nApr 27, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Through the Looking Glass\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nApr 20, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Birds of a Feather\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nApr 13, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Below the Harbor\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nApr 6, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Runway Look\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nMar 30, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## In the Sky\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nMar 23, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Acronym Mania\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nMar 16, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Hidden Image\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nMar 9, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Color Me Happy\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nMar 2, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Characters in a Crunch\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nFeb 23, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## In the Listings\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nFeb 16, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Fragrance Notes\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nFeb 9, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Phobia\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nFeb 2, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Planting the Seed\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nJan 26, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## A Lie\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nJan 19, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Say What?\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nJan 12, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## The Transformation\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nJan 5, 2021\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Food + Magical Realism\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nDec 29, 2020\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Word Association Exercise: Holiday\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nDec 22, 2020\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## A Proposal\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nDec 15, 2020\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Top 10 List\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nDec 8, 2020\n\nWriting Prompts\n\n## Ripped From the Headlines\n\n * By Cassandra Lipp\n\nDec 1, 2020\n\n * About Us\n * Meet Us\n * Write For Us\n * Advertise With Us\n * Subscribe\n * Renew a subscription\n * Customer Service\n * Current Issue\n * Back Issues\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * Competitions\n * Writer's Digest Annual Conference\n * Novel Writing Conference\n * Writer's Digest Shop\n * WD University\n * Tutorials\n * Webinars\n * 2nd Draft Critiques\n * Digital Editions\n * ScriptMag.com\n * Active Interest Media\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n\n© 2021 Active Interest Media All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://writetodone.com/how-to-start-novel/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511050144/https://writetodone.com/how-to-start-novel/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Start A Novel", "passages": [ "For the last six years, I’ve been sitting on a great plot, but I find the idea of writing a novel daunting.", "A few days ago, my best friend said to me, “You should write your novel this year. You know, the one where the young woman is in a bus in Rio de Janeiro, and she suddenly hears...”", "The first step I take after being struck with an idea for a novel will seem like a non-step, but it’s critical—just as important as the second step, which is research, research, research.", "Because writing a book is the equivalent of a literary marathon, and not every concept has what it takes to go the distance. The last thing I want is to get halfway through a story and have it sputter out on me; decide it’s not the marathon-type after all, but rather like a used-car salesman—full of false promises.", "Not every idea has what it takes to dig its way into my writer’s marrow, either; to make me want to get up in the middle of the night to write down a sentence, to make me fall in love with it.", "That’s what you’ll need to see you through the empty pages, and that’s what will fill your writer’s gas tank: a grand obsession with your story, and an unrelenting fascination for its many possibilities. From Therese Walsh, WriterUnboxed.com", "You have an idea for a novel – a rough idea. So what’s the next step? Brainstorming your idea is crucial.", "Most ideas are, well, just good ideas. Ideas don’t make a great novel. Good concepts don’t make a great novel. Nor will timely themes or cool character ideas.", "You need four key ingredients that really gel before you can even begin to plot out a storyline. Consider this a litmus test to see if your novel has “legs”.", "A Conflict with High Stakes: Not just small personal stakes but ones that affect those around her or him, or the world at large.", "A Concept with a “Kicker”: There needs to be something truly unique or riveting about your concept to take it out of the realm of ordinary and boring.", "A Theme with Heart: Every story has some kind of theme. The best novels have the best themes. Why are you excited about this idea? What message do you see this book conveying, and why is it relevant, universal, and important?", "Of course, not all novels have to have these components. But the lasting ones—the ones worthy of being written—will. Even if you’re writing sci-fi, romance, or dark humor.", "Ideas are free, and everyone has them. Unfortunately, a great novel can never fly on the wings of a fantastic idea.", "The first draft is the fastest, and invariably the most important. In the first draft, I write for myself, and always with the door closed. No one ever sees those words.", "The first draft is me getting out of my own way. In this draft I write as fast as I can without stopping. If there’s divine inspiration in writing, this is where I find it.", "The next draft is revision. I usually spend longer here than I do on the first. This is where I’m massaging my meaning and making things flow for the reader.", "In the first draft I get it said, in the second I say what I mean, in the third I say it well.", "The most important part is to get the story out of your head and onto the page where you can manipulate your words into something better. Perfection is the enemy of done, and if you’re one of those writers fretting every sentence, the great novel in your head is likely to stay there.", "Great ideas for novels are usually enough for an initial scene and that’s it. The idea needs to be enriched and enlarged to work for a full novel.", "For example, a Cinderella story could be the traditional star-crossed lovers story, or it could be a story of rivalry between sisters. If it’s a rivalry story, then the sister relationship is foremost and the story should start when the sisters meet.", "In my book, Start Your Novel, I explain 29 plot structures and how to decide which fits your story the best. By taking the time to focus your story like this in the beginning, you avoid false starts and create a first draft that is more coherent.", "Once the basic plot structure is clarified, I also like to plan for the character’s darkest moment by asking this question: “What would make my character hurt the most?”", "Of course—OF COURSE—as a writer I must make that darkest moment happen, so the story has the greatest emotional impact on the reader. I try to plan that moment and then work backwards and forwards on the plot until I know a dozen or so major plot points.", "If I’m in an adventurous mood, I might start drafting at that point, with just those major plot points as road maps. If I’m in a cautious mood, I might further divide the plot into plot points for each chapter. Either way, the early planning helps keep the story focused.", "So you’ve come up with an idea from one source or another. You’ve expanded that idea so that you have a story arc from beginning to end, which answers key questions you have asked yourself. You’ve decided where you want to set your epic, based upon your passion or your interests.", "A step outline is just a list of scenes in the order in which I envision them in the novel.", "Writing in this fashion, I’m not worried about typographical errors. spelling, punctuation, sentence structure, figurative language, or anything else that might make me stop, consider, and thus get derailed.", "I just start firing away at the computer keys, writing down what I see happening in each scene of my step outline.", "You see, when I wanted to take a look at the plot outline I had written six years ago, I couldn’t find my notes anywhere.", "In the past years, a couple of my laptops crashed, backup was patchy, and a lot of files got lost.", "In the end, I found that I had emailed the notes about the plot and the characters to myself. Phew ...!", "Remember to save notes of your novel in many different ways. Email them to yourself, save them on Google Drive, and make sure you back up your files.", "Mary Jaksch is best known for her exceptional training for writers at WritetoDone.com and for her cutting-edge book, Youthful Aging Secrets. In her “spare” time, Mary is also the brains behind GoodlifeZEN.com, a Zen Master, a mother, and a 5th Degree Black Belt.", "Please log in again. The login page will open in a new tab. After logging in you can close it and return to this page." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Start a Novel\n\n# How To Start A Novel\n\nFiction\n\nTips\n\nBy Mary Jaksch\n\nTime to confess: I’m a closet novelist.\n\nFor the last six years, I’ve been sitting on a great plot, but I find the idea\nof writing a novel daunting.\n\nA few days ago, my best friend said to me, “You should write your novel this\nyear. You know, the one where the young woman is in a bus in Rio de Janeiro,\nand she suddenly hears...”\n\n“You remember the story? But I told you about it six years ago!”\n\n“Of course I remember! It’s such a good story!”\n\nI’m still uncertain whether to start writing the novel or not. (Yes, I’m\nscared ...)\n\nWhat about you?\n\nAre you a closet novelist?\n\nMaybe you have great ideas but you wonder how to start.\n\nTo make things easier, I asked five experts how to start a novel.\n\n## 1\\. Ignite the Spark of Longing\n\nThe first step I take after being struck with an idea for a novel will seem\nlike a non-step, but it’s critical—just as important as the second step, which\nis research, research, research.\n\nThe first step doesn’t involve any books or paper or pencils.\n\nIt doesn’t require speaking with another living soul, either. It involves\nnothing but thought, and listening to my gut.\n\nI consider:\n\nDoes the idea have the legs required to last the length of a novel?\n\nBecause writing a book is the equivalent of a literary marathon, and not every\nconcept has what it takes to go the distance. The last thing I want is to get\nhalfway through a story and have it sputter out on me; decide it’s not the\nmarathon-type after all, but rather like a used-car salesman—full of false\npromises.\n\nNot every idea has what it takes to dig its way into my writer’s marrow,\neither; to make me want to get up in the middle of the night to write down a\nsentence, to make me fall in love with it.\n\nSo that’s what I wait for: that spark of longing, even lust, for a story.\n\nThe birth of an obsession.\n\nThat’s what you’ll need to see you through the empty pages, and that’s what\nwill fill your writer’s gas tank: a grand obsession with your story, and an\nunrelenting fascination for its many possibilities. From Therese Walsh,\nWriterUnboxed.com\n\n## 2\\. Apply the litmus test\n\nYou have an idea for a novel – a rough idea. So what’s the next step?\nBrainstorming your idea is crucial.\n\nWhy?\n\nMost ideas are, well, just good ideas. Ideas don’t make a great novel. Good\nconcepts don’t make a great novel. Nor will timely themes or cool character\nideas.\n\nYou need four key ingredients that really gel before you can even begin to\nplot out a storyline. Consider this a litmus test to see if your novel has\n“legs”.\n\n 1. A Protagonist with a Goal—an intriguing, compelling goal driven by a core need.\n 2. A Conflict with High Stakes: Not just small personal stakes but ones that affect those around her or him, or the world at large.\n 3. A Concept with a “Kicker”: There needs to be something truly unique or riveting about your concept to take it out of the realm of ordinary and boring.\n 4. A Theme with Heart: Every story has some kind of theme. The best novels have the best themes. Why are you excited about this idea? What message do you see this book conveying, and why is it relevant, universal, and important?\n\nOf course, not all novels have to have these components. But the lasting\nones—the ones worthy of being written—will. Even if you’re writing sci-fi,\nromance, or dark humor.\n\nBy C. S. Lakin, LiveWriteThrive.com\n\n## 3\\. Spin straw into gold\n\nIdeas are free, and everyone has them. Unfortunately, a great novel can never\nfly on the wings of a fantastic idea.\n\nIt will only find the sky after the author roots themselves to the notion:\nwriting is rewriting.\n\nPotential brilliance can easily be stillborn when a writer wrestles with\nworry. Don’t.\n\nGet those fingers moving instead, deftly and fast enough to spin your straw\ninto gold.\n\nFor me, writing comes in three phases.\n\nThe first draft is the fastest, and invariably the most important. In the\nfirst draft, I write for myself, and always with the door closed. No one ever\nsees those words.\n\nThe first draft is me getting out of my own way. In this draft I write as fast\nas I can without stopping. If there’s divine inspiration in writing, this is\nwhere I find it.\n\nThe next draft is revision. I usually spend longer here than I do on the\nfirst. This is where I’m massaging my meaning and making things flow for the\nreader.\n\nThe final draft is a polish, where I make my words sing in their intended key.\n\nIn the first draft I get it said, in the second I say what I mean, in the\nthird I say it well.\n\nThe most important part is to get the story out of your head and onto the page\nwhere you can manipulate your words into something better. Perfection is the\nenemy of done, and if you’re one of those writers fretting every sentence, the\ngreat novel in your head is likely to stay there.\n\nBy Sean Platt, RealmAndSands.com\n\n## 4\\. Find the focus\n\nGreat ideas for novels are usually enough for an initial scene and that’s it.\nThe idea needs to be enriched and enlarged to work for a full novel.\n\nI like to start by asking myself about the focus of the story.\n\nFor example, a Cinderella story could be the traditional star-crossed lovers\nstory, or it could be a story of rivalry between sisters. If it’s a rivalry\nstory, then the sister relationship is foremost and the story should start\nwhen the sisters meet.\n\nIn my book, Start Your Novel, I explain 29 plot structures and how to decide\nwhich fits your story the best. By taking the time to focus your story like\nthis in the beginning, you avoid false starts and create a first draft that is\nmore coherent.\n\nOnce the basic plot structure is clarified, I also like to plan for the\ncharacter’s darkest moment by asking this question: “What would make my\ncharacter hurt the most?”\n\nOf course—OF COURSE—as a writer I must make that darkest moment happen, so the\nstory has the greatest emotional impact on the reader. I try to plan that\nmoment and then work backwards and forwards on the plot until I know a dozen\nor so major plot points.\n\nIf I’m in an adventurous mood, I might start drafting at that point, with just\nthose major plot points as road maps. If I’m in a cautious mood, I might\nfurther divide the plot into plot points for each chapter. Either way, the\nearly planning helps keep the story focused.\n\nBy Darcy Pattison, FictionNotes\n\n## 5\\. Nail your plot\n\nSo you’ve come up with an idea from one source or another. You’ve expanded\nthat idea so that you have a story arc from beginning to end, which answers\nkey questions you have asked yourself. You’ve decided where you want to set\nyour epic, based upon your passion or your interests.\n\nNow, at last, you are ready to plot.\n\nFor my part, I have always needed an outline: the plot in advance.\n\nTo give myself a sense of direction, I do two things.\n\nI create a step outline. I then expand it to a running plot outline.\n\nA step outline is just a list of scenes in the order in which I envision them\nin the novel.\n\nThe running plot outline is a present tense stream-of-consciousness affair.\n\nWriting in this fashion, I’m not worried about typographical errors. spelling,\npunctuation, sentence structure, figurative language, or anything else that\nmight make me stop, consider, and thus get derailed.\n\nI just start firing away at the computer keys, writing down what I see\nhappening in each scene of my step outline.\n\nBy Elizabeth George, from her book Write Away.\n\n## Finally\n\nThere is something else ...\n\nYou need to save your ideas in multiple ways.\n\nYou see, when I wanted to take a look at the plot outline I had written six\nyears ago, I couldn’t find my notes anywhere.\n\nIt was a terrible moment!\n\nIn the past years, a couple of my laptops crashed, backup was patchy, and a\nlot of files got lost.\n\nIn the end, I found that I had emailed the notes about the plot and the\ncharacters to myself. Phew ...!\n\nRemember to save notes of your novel in many different ways. Email them to\nyourself, save them on Google Drive, and make sure you back up your files.\n\nWhat about you? Do YOU have an idea for a novel?\n\nWhich of the tips above would make starting your novel easier?\n\nLet’s have a candid conversation in the comments.\n\n##### Related Posts\n\n##### How to Avoid an Editing Nightmare\n\nBy Guest\n\n##### Writing Life Tips From Famous Authors\n\nBy Guest\n\n##### How to Hone Your Fiction Craft\n\nBy Guest\n\nAbout the author\n\n#### Mary Jaksch\n\nMary Jaksch is best known for her exceptional training for writers at\nWritetoDone.com and for her cutting-edge book, Youthful Aging Secrets. In her\n“spare” time, Mary is also the brains behind GoodlifeZEN.com, a Zen Master, a\nmother, and a 5th Degree Black Belt.\n\n←Previous post Next post→\n\nRecent Posts\n\n * 9 Types of Writing Tone You Should Know About\n * Freytag’s Pyramid\n * 3 Harmful Beliefs To Overcome as a Writer\n * How Your Life Story Can Inspire Others\n * 3 Natural Ways To Welcome Your Muse\n\nJOIN OVER 2 MILLION READERS\n\n#### Want your next book to be a bestseller?\n\nThen you need KDP Rocket - the killer advantage of pro authors.\n\nGet KDP Rocket here\n\n#### Latest posts\n\nTips For Writers\n\n##### 9 Types of Writing Tone You Should Know About\n\nBy Guest\n\nHow to Write a Novel\n\n##### Freytag’s Pyramid\n\nBy Guest\n\nBe Creative\n\n##### 3 Harmful Beliefs To Overcome as a Writer\n\nBy Guest\n\nShare Your Writing\n\n##### How Your Life Story Can Inspire Others\n\nBy Guest\n\nBe Inspired\n\n##### 3 Natural Ways To Welcome Your Muse\n\nBy Guest\n\nBe Creative\n\n##### Helpful Tips for Isolated Writers\n\nBy Guest\n\nCreate a Book\n\n##### How Do I Find a Self-Published Cookbook Printer\n\nBy Guest\n\nBe Creative\n\n##### Powerful Mindset Shifts For Writers\n\nBy Guest\n\nTips\n\n##### How to Avoid an Editing Nightmare\n\nBy Guest\n\nNon-Fiction\n\n##### Are You Scared to Write Your Life Story?\n\nBy Guest\n\nCopyright: Mary Jaksch 2008-2019 | PRIVACY | TERMS AND CONDITIONS\n\nSession expired\n\nPlease log in again. The login page will open in a new tab. After logging in\nyou can close it and return to this page.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.writersdigest.com:80/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/how-to-start-a-novel-right-5-great-tips", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181105035744/http://www.writersdigest.com:80/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/how-to-start-a-novel-right-5-great-tips", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Start a Novel Right: 5 Great Tips", "passages": [ "It’s said that in life, there are two types of people: those who look at the glass as half empty, and those who see it as half full. But for those of us who’ve set the goal of starting a novel, I think it really comes down to how we view the blank page: those of us who find it exciting—full of possibility, hope, even adventure—and those who see it as intimidating—capable of inducing guilt, anxiety, even dread.", "If we’re being honest, we can probably all admit to having shifted between the two camps from time to time. It’s just too easy to become overwhelmed by the magnitude of the task.", "But what better time to remedy that than at the beginning of a new year, a sort of metaphorical blank page itself? That’s where the January 2013 issue of Writer’s Digest magazine comes in (on newsstands and online now!). Whether you’ve been looking for the best advice on how to start a novel, trying to find ways to rejuvenate a stalled draft, or looking to take your revision across the finish line, this issue is designed to strip away any intimidation until only the excitement of the blank page remains.", "It was such a pure pleasure to put together this issue that I wanted to share some of my favorite tips from its pages here.", "1. When planning your story’s structure, start with this no-fail method: Create a Doorway of No Return for your protagonist before the 1/5 mark of your book. Everything leading up to that doorway should, well, lead up to that doorway. Look at your own novel-in-progress:", "Is that scene strong enough—to the point that your character cannot resist walking through that doorway (or has no choice but to do so)?", "(Just one of many solid story structure tips from James Scott Bell’s article “The Two Pillars of Novel Structure” featured in the January 2013 Writer’s Digest.)", "2. At the beginning of your story, include minimal backstory. In her article “Weaving a Seamless Backstory,” novelist Karen Dionne offers this light bulb moment of insight:", "Including backstory in the opening pages is the same as saying to the reader, ‘Wait a minute—hold on. Before I tell you the story, first there’s something about these characters and this situation that you need to know.’", "In actuality, there’s very little readers need to know about our characters’ history and motivations that they won’t learn over the course of the book. Interrupting our story to tell the reader about something that happened before", "I love showing authors how they’re unwittingly sabotaging their stories up front and then watching their light bulbs go off, because the problem has such an easy fix: All they have to do is isolate the instances of unnecessary backstory, and take them out.", "Yes: She was wearing Chanel No. 5 like in the old days, he noticed—that sophisticated, mind-coat-and-diamonds fragrance that always quickened his pulse.", "4. Make secondary characters significant. In her excellent feature article in the latest Writer’s Digest, longtime fiction editor Lisa Rector suggests brainstorming what meaningful thing a minor character might do or say that could impact the outcome of your story. Then, make sure at least one such significant moment between that character and your protagonist occurs early in your story (ideally with others following throughout the narrative). “Characters that are inactive in the opening scenes tend to remain so,” she explains. “In general it’s far more effective to have fewer characters do more.”", "5. Instead of “write what you know,” try writing what you feel. In an exclusive interview with WD, bestselling Jack Reacher creator Lee Child explains:", "The worst [writing advice] is probably Write what you know. Especially in this market. In the thriller genre, for instance, nobody knows anything that’s worth putting in. There are three people in the world who have actually lived this stuff. And so it’s not about what you know. [Write] what you feel is really excellent advice. Because if you substitute Write what you feel, then you can expand that into—if you’re a parent, for instance, especially if you’re a mother, I bet you’ve had an episode where for five seconds you lost your kid at the mall. You turn around, your kid is suddenly not there, and for five seconds your heart is in your mouth and you turn the other way, and there he is. So you’ve gotta remember the feel of those five seconds—that utter panic and disorientation. And then you blow that up: It’s not five seconds, it’s five days—your kid has been kidnapped, your kid is being held by a monster. You use what you feel and expand it, right up as far as you can, and that way you get a sort of authenticity.", "These tips really are just the tip of the iceberg of valuable information packed into the January 2013 Writer’s Digest. So if you like what you read here, whether you’re starting a novel in 2013 or resolving to finally finish one, be sure to check out the rest of the issue on your favorite newsstand or at The Writer’s Digest Shop, or download it instantly right now.", "Follow me on Twitter: @jessicastrawser Like what you read from WD online? Subscribe to Writer’s Digest today, so you’ll never miss an issue! (Digital subscriptions are also available.)", "We even business 100 % free SEO in come returning for percentage on web revenue with certain companies. Just contact to see if you are eligible. Mobilbet voucher code", "Structure and plot enable readers to connect to the story you want to tell. Save 84% on this premium collection of 11 resources on mastering these elements.", "Each month, Writer’s Digest University offers exclusive Boot Camps with literary agents, editors and other publishing professionals who will provide great presentations, review your work and offer feedback.", "The Essential Online Tool for Writers If you’re serious about selling your work, meet your new personal assistant: WritersMarket.com. With a subscription, you can easily locate new, up-to-date markets for publishing your work, get expert \"insider\" advice, and track your manuscript submissions and publishing contracts." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Start a Novel Right: 5 Great Tips\n\n### WritersDigest Sites\n\n * Writer’s Digest\n * Writer’s Market\n * Writer’s Digest University\n * Writer’s Digest Tutorials\n * 2nd Draft Critique Service\n * Writer’s Digest Shop\n * Writer’s Digest Events\n\nWritersDigest.com\n\nRegisterLog In\n\n### Navigate\n\n * Home\n * Articles\n\n * By Writing Genre\n\n * Literary Fiction\n * Young Adult/Childrens\n * Mystery/Thriller\n * Romance\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\n * Horror\n * Spiritual\n * Humor\n * Short Story/Essay\n * Articles/Freelance\n * Memoir\n * Nonfiction\n * Poetry\n * Script Writing\n * By Writing Goal\n\n * Get Published/Sell Your Work\n * Self-Publish\n * Build a Platform & Start Blogging\n * Promoting Your Work\n * Business Legal Matters\n * Complete 1st Chapter\n * Complete 1st Draft\n * How to Improve Writing Skills\n * How to Write an Article\n * Overcoming Writer’s Block\n * By Writing Level\n\n * Haven’t Written Anything Yet\n * At Work on First Draft\n * Completed Multiple Manuscripts\n * Published Author\n * Editor Blogs\n\n * Guide to Literary Agents\n * The Writer’s Dig\n * There Are No Rules\n * Poetic Asides\n * Events\n\n * Writer’s Digest Annual Conference\n * Writer’s Digest Novel Writing Conference\n * indieLAB | Writer’s Digest\n * Code of Conduct\n * Competitions\n\n * Writer’s Digest Annual\n * Self-Published Ebooks\n * Self-Published (Printed/Bound)\n * Screenwriting\n * Poetry\n * Short Short Story\n * Popular Fiction\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\n * Thriller/Suspense\n * Young Adult Fiction\n * Crime\n * Romance\n * Horror\n * Your Story\n * Education\n\n * Tip of the Day\n * Live Webinars\n * Free Downloads\n * Free Webinars\n * Writing Tutorials\n * Writing Workshops\n * Webinar Downloads\n * Community\n\n * Forum\n * Weekly Writing Prompts\n * Wednesday Poetry Prompts\n * The WD Community\n * Resources\n\n * The Writer’s Digest Podcast\n * Writers Market\n * Writer’s Digest University\n * 2nd Draft Critique Service\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Critique Service\n * Story Coaching\n * Consultants Center\n * Publisher Market Listings\n * Agent Listings\n * Subscribe\n\n * SUBSCRIBE NOW!\n * Digital Edition\n * Renew Subscription\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * Free Weekly Newsletter\n * The Writer’s Digest Podcast\n * Shop\n\n * Books & Downloads\n * Kit of the Month\n * Magazine Back Issues\n * Final Draft Software\n * Gifts for Writers\n * Become a VIP!\n\n## Character Worksheets\n\nSubscribe to our FREE email newsletter and download free character development\nworksheets!\n\n# How to Start a Novel Right: 5 Great Tips\n\nBy: Jessica Strawser | January 7, 2013\n\nIt’s said that in life, there are two types of people: those who look at the\nglass as half empty, and those who see it as half full. But for those of us\nwho’ve set the goal of starting a novel, I think it really comes down to how\nwe view the blank page: those of us who find it exciting—full of possibility,\nhope, even adventure—and those who see it as intimidating—capable of inducing\nguilt, anxiety, even dread.\n\nIf we’re being honest, we can probably all admit to having shifted between the\ntwo camps from time to time. It’s just too easy to become overwhelmed by the\nmagnitude of the task.\n\nBut what better time to remedy that than at the beginning of a new year, a\nsort of metaphorical blank page itself? That’s where the January 2013 issue of\nWriter’s Digest magazine comes in (on newsstands and online now!). Whether\nyou’ve been looking for the best advice on how to start a novel, trying to\nfind ways to rejuvenate a stalled draft, or looking to take your revision\nacross the finish line, this issue is designed to strip away any intimidation\nuntil only the excitement of the blank page remains.\n\nIt was such a pure pleasure to put together this issue that I wanted to share\nsome of my favorite tips from its pages here.\n\n## 5 Great Tips for Starting a Novel Right\n\n1\\. When planning your story’s structure, start with this no-fail method:\nCreate a Doorway of No Return for your protagonist before the 1/5 mark of your\nbook. Everything leading up to that doorway should, well, lead up to that\ndoorway. Look at your own novel-in-progress:\n\n * Have you given us a character with following?\n * Have you created a disturbance for that character in the opening pages?\n * Have you established the stakes (the higher the better) for the story?\n * Have you created a scene that will force the character into the conflict/confrontation central to the plot?\n * Is that scene strong enough—to the point that your character cannot resist walking through that doorway (or has no choice but to do so)?\n\n(Just one of many solid story structure tips from James Scott Bell’s article\n“The Two Pillars of Novel Structure” featured in the January 2013 Writer’s\nDigest.)\n\n2\\. At the beginning of your story, include minimal backstory. In her article\n“Weaving a Seamless Backstory,” novelist Karen Dionne offers this light bulb\nmoment of insight:\n\n> Including backstory in the opening pages is the same as saying to the\n> reader, ‘Wait a minute—hold on. Before I tell you the story, first there’s\n> something about these characters and this situation that you need to know.’\n>\n> In actuality, there’s very little readers need to know about our characters’\n> history and motivations that they won’t learn over the course of the book.\n> Interrupting our story to tell the reader about something that happened\n> *before* it began works against the very thing we’re trying so hard to\n> accomplish: engaging the readers and sweeping them up into the world of our\n> novel.\n>\n> I love showing authors how they’re unwittingly sabotaging their stories up\n> front and then watching their light bulbs go off, because the problem has\n> such an easy fix: All they have to do is isolate the instances of\n> unnecessary backstory, and take them out.\n\n3\\. To deepen your descriptions, add character-defining sensory details. For\nexample:\n\n> No: She was wearing Chanel No. 5.\n>\n> Yes: She was wearing Chanel No. 5 like in the old days, he noticed—that\n> sophisticated, mind-coat-and-diamonds fragrance that always quickened his\n> pulse.\n\n(You’ll learn ways to call upon all five senses in your work in novelist\nElizabeth Sims’ article “Master Description Through Sensory Detail.”)\n\n4\\. Make secondary characters significant. In her excellent feature article in\nthe latest Writer’s Digest, longtime fiction editor Lisa Rector suggests\nbrainstorming what meaningful thing a minor character might do or say that\ncould impact the outcome of your story. Then, make sure at least one such\nsignificant moment between that character and your protagonist occurs early in\nyour story (ideally with others following throughout the narrative).\n“Characters that are inactive in the opening scenes tend to remain so,” she\nexplains. “In general it’s far more effective to have fewer characters do\nmore.”\n\n5\\. Instead of “write what you know,” try writing what you feel. In an\nexclusive interview with WD, bestselling Jack Reacher creator Lee Child\nexplains:\n\n> The worst [writing advice] is probably Write what you know. Especially in\n> this market. In the thriller genre, for instance, nobody knows anything\n> that’s worth putting in. There are three people in the world who have\n> actually lived this stuff. And so it’s not about what you know. [Write] what\n> you feel is really excellent advice. Because if you substitute Write what\n> you feel, then you can expand that into—if you’re a parent, for instance,\n> especially if you’re a mother, I bet you’ve had an episode where for five\n> seconds you lost your kid at the mall. You turn around, your kid is suddenly\n> not there, and for five seconds your heart is in your mouth and you turn the\n> other way, and there he is. So you’ve gotta remember the feel of those five\n> seconds—that utter panic and disorientation. And then you blow that up: It’s\n> not five seconds, it’s five days—your kid has been kidnapped, your kid is\n> being held by a monster. You use what you feel and expand it, right up as\n> far as you can, and that way you get a sort of authenticity.\n\n(The full interview is filled with helpful, inspiring insights like this\none—and especially if you’re writing suspense, I highly recommend it.)\n\n## Get More Expert Advice on How to Start a Novel\n\nThese tips really are just the tip of the iceberg of valuable information\npacked into the January 2013 Writer’s Digest. So if you like what you read\nhere, whether you’re starting a novel in 2013 or resolving to finally finish\none, be sure to check out the rest of the issue on your favorite newsstand or\nat The Writer’s Digest Shop, or download it instantly right now.\n\nJessica Strawser Editor, Writer’s Digest Magazine\n\nFollow me on Twitter: @jessicastrawser Like what you read from WD online?\nSubscribe to Writer’s Digest today, so you’ll never miss an issue! (Digital\nsubscriptions are also available.)\n\n### You might also like:\n\n * Pay It Forward: Writer’s Digest’s Most Anticipated Upcoming Books\n * Smart Ways to Get Organized and Be Productive\n * An Easier, More Meaningful Approach to Your Writing Resolutions\n * Talking Rejection With Debbie Macomber\n * Answers to Your Novel Writing Questions\n\nCATEGORIES Craft & Technique, There Are No Rules Blog by the Editors of\nWriter's Digest, WD Magazine, What's New\n\nTAGS jessica strawser\n\nRELATED POSTS Interview: Jessica Strawser Discusses the Journey from Editor to\nAuthor, and Her New Book ‘Not That I Could Tell’ Pay It Forward: Writer’s\nDigest’s Most Anticipated Upcoming Books Smart Ways to Get Organized and Be\nProductive An Easier, More Meaningful Approach to Your Writing Resolutions\nTalking Rejection With Debbie Macomber\n\n * ### You might also like:\n\n * No Related Posts\n\n## One thought on “How to Start a Novel Right: 5 Great Tips”\n\n 1. williama October 30, 2015 at 2:32 am\n\nWe even business 100 % free SEO in come returning for percentage on web\nrevenue with certain companies. Just contact to see if you are eligible.\nMobilbet voucher code\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n### COMMENT Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. 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With a\nsubscription, you can easily locate new, up-to-date markets for publishing\nyour work, get expert \"insider\" advice, and track your manuscript submissions\nand publishing contracts.\n\nSubscribe Now | Learn More\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAbout Us | Advertising Information | Contact Us | Become an Affiliate |\nPrivacy Policy\n\nMAGAZINES: Subscribe | Renew | Current Issue | Give a Gift Subscription |\nWriter's Digest Back Issues BOOKS/DOWNLOADS: Writer’s Digest Shop | Writer's\nMarket Books | The Writer's Store WRITING COMPETITIONS & CONFERENCES: Writer’s\nDigest Annual | Self-Published | Short Story | Popular Fiction Awards |\nWriter's Digest Conference ONLINE RESOURCES: Workshops | Tutorials | Webinars\n| WritersMarket.com | Critique Services CORPORATE: F+W, A Content + eCommerce\nCompany | Career Opportunities\n\n© F+W All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.nownovel.com/blog/7-ways-write-plot-outline/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210123210629/https://www.nownovel.com/blog/7-ways-write-plot-outline/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Plot Outline Creation - 7 Methods", "passages": [ "You’ve possibly been told many times to outline your book, but perhaps not how to create a plot outline. These seven ways to write a story outline appeal to different writing strengths. Choose a helpful outlining method that suits your personal writing preferences:", "The traditional approach to writing an outline is not as rigid as some other models. To begin, divide your plan for your novel into sections. The chapter is a convenient unit. [You can also brainstorm details for your story, section by section, in the Now Novel dashboard].", "One strength of the traditional approach is its flexibility. You can take a notebook and give each page its own chapter heading, or you can write each chapter on an index card. You can even create folders labelled for each chapter, in which you can store individual scene summaries or visual inspiration.", "Once you’ve decided how you will organise your plot summary, write a summary of what will happen in each chapter.", "Summarize the main events of each chapter in two to three sentences per chapter. If you need to write more, you can.", "This differs from a traditional outline in that you are not worrying too much about chapter breaks. In fact, you might even significantly rearrange your structure once you’re done.", "One advantage of the synopsis is that it can feel more informal than the traditional approach. Writers who struggle with breaking down a novel into units like chapters may enjoy writing a synopsis because it feels more like telling a story.", "If you are planning to send your novel around to agents and publishers, you will have to write a synopsis at some point. Thus another advantage of this approach is learning an important marketing skill.", "However, the difference between publishers’ synopses and your own right now is this one is strictly for your creative use. So include notes to yourself to work out parts that you aren’t entirely sure of yet. Include any side note that will make it easier to get the bulk of your story down on paper.", "Outlining in this way can feel a little bit like free-writing. It’s often a liberating exercise that allows you to let go, not worrying about broader story structure, and create.", "The snowflake method is like a bridge between the more freewheeling methods above and some of the more structured methods that follow. Using this method invented by writer Randy Ingermanson gives you an overarching plan.", "When using the snowflake method, you begin with a one-sentence summary of your book followed by a paragraph-long summary. Next, you summarize each of your main characters by listing their name, story line, goal, conflict and epiphany.", "You next expand each sentence of the one-paragraph plot summary into its own paragraph. Similarly, expand the character summaries into more detailed character sheets.", "Next, expand each of your paragraphs into individual scenes that will make up your novel. Ingermanson suggests using a spreadsheet at this stage to keep track. There is an additional optional step that involves expanding those brief scene descriptions even further, but by this point, most writeres are ready to get started.", "You may want to use the snowflake method as written, or you may want to modify it for your own uses. It can be an excellent approach to plot outlining for writers who want to plan extensively before they begin to write.", "Of the many ways to write a plot outline, this is one of the best approaches for writers who are more concerned with structure than the specifics of plot. It also makes it easier to plan the broader arcs of plot, however.", "In a novel, the first and final quarter of the story usually form approximately the first and third acts. Act two is the remaining 50 percent in the middle.", "Each act must have certain elements, and while some approaches to three-act structure are quite detailed, you can begin with a stripped-down approach.", "The inciting event: Happens early on and sets your character on the path that will lead to the main conflict.", "The main conflict or first turning point: Introduced at the end of the second act. It is also sometimes called the ‘point of no return’ (indicating that your characters has travelled/developed too far to return to how things were before)", "In the second act, the action must rise to a climactic midpoint. This is sometimes called the reversal because it changes everything. The second act ends with a second turning point. The third act rises to a climax and ends in resolution.", "The hero’s journey is based on the study of myth by writer and scholar Joseph Campbell. Campbell believed that all world myths included some similar elements. While there may be as many as 17 steps, the hero’s journey can be divided into three main sections like three-act structure.", "In Campbell’s version, these are departure or separation, initiation, and return. While Campbell used the language of myth and fantasy to describe the hero’s journey, the structure can be used for realist fiction as well.", "In the first section, the protagonist receives a call to action and refuses it. The protagonist then encounters a mentor or supernatural aid and crosses the threshold into a different world.", "In the second act, the protagonist undergoes a series of trials or temptations. For a romance, this could be the allure of a secondary stranger. In historical fiction, these complications could be literal (legal) trials.", "In the final act, the protagonist must return to the ordinary world. Typically (in a quest narrative, at least), the protagonist triumphs in the end.", "One of the most famous pop culture examples of a story whose structure mirrors the Hero’s Journey is the movie Star Wars. Just as George Lucas did for that film, you can use some or all of the elements of the Hero’s Journey in your own plot outline.", "The Freytag model is another model of story structure you can use to outline your book. German novelist Gustav Freytag developed a five-part template of story structure that consisted of exposition, rising action, climax, falling action and denouement. Freytag represented this structure physically in a model known as ‘Freytag’s Pyramid’.", "You might find the Hero’s Journey or Freytag’s Pyramid too simple for your own project, of course. Neither emphasize the various complications possible in each section.", "Some writers simply do not want to outline. However, even if you prefer to write by the seat of your pants, there is a kind of plot outline you may find useful.", "This draft is too unstructured to be even a first draft, but it is far more extensive and detailed than the above outlines. In fact, it can run to 100 or 200 pages. However, it is ideally written quickly, and it is permissible to skip entire swathes of the actual story and leave notes in their place. The point in this type of outlining is to give only the roughest idea of what should occur, when.", "The discovery draft is a boon if you’ve struggled with outlines but find you get bogged down while trying to write a novel without the safety net of one.", "Even if you don’t enjoy planning and structuring, some form of outlining will help. Use Now Novel’s Idea Finder to create a plan for your book, step by step. Try it now.", "Thanks for outlining various outlines. 😛 I find it so daunting to think that I should scribble out all the twists and turns of a story before they really come alive in me. I shall attempt a few of these and see if I can find a dynamic process for myself.", "It is a challenge, but if you’re more of a pantser you could always try the draft zero approach or writing the story as a sequence of scene synopses where you’re focusing on event rather than fleshing out your world for the first run. I hope you find one that works for you.", "Love the articles on your blog! So helpful! I really wish I knew how to outline but I just don’t get it. How can I list all the stuff that’s supposed to happen – much less where in the book it’s supposed to happen – if I don’t even know what is supposed to happen before I start writing? Even in college, I would write full papers (I’m talking 15-30 pages) first and then write the outline that the profs always insisted on having because it was the only way I knew what to put where. I completely understand the need for an outline and want so desperately to be able to write and use them but I just have never been able to do it. Maybe I just need a super in-depth course on how to outline, along with a sample that the teacher does right along with me.", "Thank you for reading! It sounds to me as though you are more a pantser than a plotter by nature, and that’s fine too – the important thing is to find what works for you. You may find if you force yourself to try come up with the basic structure of a story beforehand, even just as an exercise, that it helps to add a certain degree of structure to your writing craft.", "This article is very helpful! I Writing a first draft has never been an issue for me – it is the 2nd go around in which I get stuck on. I use excel to create a character list so I don’t forget who has blue eyes or blonde hair! HA, ha.. but I’ve never thought about a plot outline before, because I write chapters and keep most of it in my head but doing a plot outline will help me iron out the actual storyline and rough out what doesn’t need to be included in the novel. Thank you for sharing!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Plot Outline Creation - 7 Methods | Now Novel\n\nPlot outline creation: 7 smart methods\n\n# Plot outline creation: 7 smart methods\n\nby Bridget McNulty\n\nYou’ve possibly been told many times to outline your book, but perhaps not how\nto create a plot outline. These seven ways to write a story outline appeal to\ndifferent writing strengths. Choose a helpful outlining method that suits your\npersonal writing preferences:\n\n## How to outline a novel: 7 methods\n\n## The traditional approach\n\nThe traditional approach to writing an outline is not as rigid as some other\nmodels. To begin, divide your plan for your novel into sections. The chapter\nis a convenient unit. [You can also brainstorm details for your story, section\nby section, in the Now Novel dashboard].\n\nOne strength of the traditional approach is its flexibility. You can take a\nnotebook and give each page its own chapter heading, or you can write each\nchapter on an index card. You can even create folders labelled for each\nchapter, in which you can store individual scene summaries or visual\ninspiration.\n\nOnce you’ve decided how you will organise your plot summary, write a summary\nof what will happen in each chapter.\n\nHow to write a story summary\n\nSummarize the main events of each chapter in two to three sentences per\nchapter. If you need to write more, you can.\n\n## The synopsis\n\nIn a synopsis, you write out the whole plot of your novel, condensed.\n\nThis differs from a traditional outline in that you are not worrying too much\nabout chapter breaks. In fact, you might even significantly rearrange your\nstructure once you’re done.\n\nOne advantage of the synopsis is that it can feel more informal than the\ntraditional approach. Writers who struggle with breaking down a novel into\nunits like chapters may enjoy writing a synopsis because it feels more like\ntelling a story.\n\nIf you are planning to send your novel around to agents and publishers, you\nwill have to write a synopsis at some point. Thus another advantage of this\napproach is learning an important marketing skill.\n\nHowever, the difference between publishers’ synopses and your own right now is\nthis one is strictly for your creative use. So include notes to yourself to\nwork out parts that you aren’t entirely sure of yet. Include any side note\nthat will make it easier to get the bulk of your story down on paper.\n\nOutlining in this way can feel a little bit like free-writing. It’s often a\nliberating exercise that allows you to let go, not worrying about broader\nstory structure, and create.\n\n## The snowflake method\n\nThe snowflake method is like a bridge between the more freewheeling methods\nabove and some of the more structured methods that follow. Using this method\ninvented by writer Randy Ingermanson gives you an overarching plan.\n\nWhen using the snowflake method, you begin with a one-sentence summary of your\nbook followed by a paragraph-long summary. Next, you summarize each of your\nmain characters by listing their name, story line, goal, conflict and\nepiphany.\n\nYou next expand each sentence of the one-paragraph plot summary into its own\nparagraph. Similarly, expand the character summaries into more detailed\ncharacter sheets.\n\nNext, expand each of your paragraphs into individual scenes that will make up\nyour novel. Ingermanson suggests using a spreadsheet at this stage to keep\ntrack. There is an additional optional step that involves expanding those\nbrief scene descriptions even further, but by this point, most writeres are\nready to get started.\n\nYou may want to use the snowflake method as written, or you may want to modify\nit for your own uses. It can be an excellent approach to plot outlining for\nwriters who want to plan extensively before they begin to write.\n\n## Three-act structure\n\nOf the many ways to write a plot outline, this is one of the best approaches\nfor writers who are more concerned with structure than the specifics of plot.\nIt also makes it easier to plan the broader arcs of plot, however.\n\nThree-act structure is based on screenplay structure.\n\nIn a novel, the first and final quarter of the story usually form\napproximately the first and third acts. Act two is the remaining 50 percent in\nthe middle.\n\nEach act must have certain elements, and while some approaches to three-act\nstructure are quite detailed, you can begin with a stripped-down approach.\n\nAt its essence, the first act requires three main elements.\n\n * The opening scene: Establishes characters, your setting and the central ‘problem’.\n * The inciting event: Happens early on and sets your character on the path that will lead to the main conflict.\n * The main conflict or first turning point: Introduced at the end of the second act. It is also sometimes called the ‘point of no return’ (indicating that your characters has travelled/developed too far to return to how things were before)\n\nIn the second act, the action must rise to a climactic midpoint. This is\nsometimes called the reversal because it changes everything. The second act\nends with a second turning point. The third act rises to a climax and ends in\nresolution.\n\nYou can plan your specific plot points along this structure and use this as an\noutline.\n\n## How to outline a book with a quest: The Hero’s Journey\n\nThe hero’s journey is based on the study of myth by writer and scholar Joseph\nCampbell. Campbell believed that all world myths included some similar\nelements. While there may be as many as 17 steps, the hero’s journey can be\ndivided into three main sections like three-act structure.\n\nIn Campbell’s version, these are departure or separation, initiation, and\nreturn. While Campbell used the language of myth and fantasy to describe the\nhero’s journey, the structure can be used for realist fiction as well.\n\nIn the first section, the protagonist receives a call to action and refuses\nit. The protagonist then encounters a mentor or supernatural aid and crosses\nthe threshold into a different world.\n\nIn the second act, the protagonist undergoes a series of trials or\ntemptations. For a romance, this could be the allure of a secondary stranger.\nIn historical fiction, these complications could be literal (legal) trials.\n\nIn the final act, the protagonist must return to the ordinary world. Typically\n(in a quest narrative, at least), the protagonist triumphs in the end.\n\nOne of the most famous pop culture examples of a story whose structure mirrors\nthe Hero’s Journey is the movie Star Wars. Just as George Lucas did for that\nfilm, you can use some or all of the elements of the Hero’s Journey in your\nown plot outline.\n\n## The Freytag plot outline model\n\nThe Freytag model is another model of story structure you can use to outline\nyour book. German novelist Gustav Freytag developed a five-part template of\nstory structure that consisted of exposition, rising action, climax, falling\naction and denouement. Freytag represented this structure physically in a\nmodel known as ‘Freytag’s Pyramid’.\n\nYou might find the Hero’s Journey or Freytag’s Pyramid too simple for your own\nproject, of course. Neither emphasize the various complications possible in\neach section.\n\nEither way, they’re both valid models for creating structure and organizing\nyour novel.\n\n## Draft zero, or the pantser’s compromise\n\nSome writers simply do not want to outline. However, even if you prefer to\nwrite by the seat of your pants, there is a kind of plot outline you may find\nuseful.\n\nThis is what we call a zero draft or discovery draft.\n\nThis draft is too unstructured to be even a first draft, but it is far more\nextensive and detailed than the above outlines. In fact, it can run to 100 or\n200 pages. However, it is ideally written quickly, and it is permissible to\nskip entire swathes of the actual story and leave notes in their place. The\npoint in this type of outlining is to give only the roughest idea of what\nshould occur, when.\n\nThe discovery draft is a boon if you’ve struggled with outlines but find you\nget bogged down while trying to write a novel without the safety net of one.\n\nEven if you don’t enjoy planning and structuring, some form of outlining will\nhelp. Use Now Novel’s Idea Finder to create a plan for your book, step by\nstep. Try it now.\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Pinterest\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Buffer\n\n * LinkedIn\n\n### Related Posts:\n\n * Using a novel planner: 7 tips to organise your story\n * Updating our online writing tools: 8 lessons and changes\n * How to write a rough draft: Finish your novel faster\n\n## 7 Replies to “Plot outline creation: 7 smart methods”\n\n 1. Julie says:\n\nFebruary 3, 2016 at 10:40 am\n\nThanks for outlining various outlines. 😛 I find it so daunting to think that I\nshould scribble out all the twists and turns of a story before they really\ncome alive in me. I shall attempt a few of these and see if I can find a\ndynamic process for myself.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Bridget at Now Novel says:\n\nFebruary 4, 2016 at 9:33 am\n\nIt’s a pleasure, Julie!\n\nIt is a challenge, but if you’re more of a pantser you could always try the\ndraft zero approach or writing the story as a sequence of scene synopses where\nyou’re focusing on event rather than fleshing out your world for the first\nrun. I hope you find one that works for you.\n\nB\n\nReply\n\n 2. Rayna says:\n\nMarch 2, 2016 at 8:17 am\n\nLove the articles on your blog! So helpful! I really wish I knew how to\noutline but I just don’t get it. How can I list all the stuff that’s supposed\nto happen – much less where in the book it’s supposed to happen – if I don’t\neven know what is supposed to happen before I start writing? Even in college,\nI would write full papers (I’m talking 15-30 pages) first and then write the\noutline that the profs always insisted on having because it was the only way I\nknew what to put where. I completely understand the need for an outline and\nwant so desperately to be able to write and use them but I just have never\nbeen able to do it. Maybe I just need a super in-depth course on how to\noutline, along with a sample that the teacher does right along with me.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Bridget at Now Novel says:\n\nMarch 4, 2016 at 6:21 am\n\nHi Rayna,\n\nThank you for reading! It sounds to me as though you are more a pantser than a\nplotter by nature, and that’s fine too – the important thing is to find what\nworks for you. You may find if you force yourself to try come up with the\nbasic structure of a story beforehand, even just as an exercise, that it helps\nto add a certain degree of structure to your writing craft.\n\nThanks again for reading and weighing in on outlining.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Ann Privacy says:\n\nMarch 24, 2019 at 10:49 am\n\nThis article is very helpful! I Writing a first draft has never been an issue\nfor me – it is the 2nd go around in which I get stuck on. I use excel to\ncreate a character list so I don’t forget who has blue eyes or blonde hair!\nHA, ha.. but I’ve never thought about a plot outline before, because I write\nchapters and keep most of it in my head but doing a plot outline will help me\niron out the actual storyline and rough out what doesn’t need to be included\nin the novel. Thank you for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Jordan at Now Novel says:\n\nMarch 25, 2019 at 8:39 am\n\nHi Ann, an excel spreadsheet sounds like a useful approach. Thanks for sharing\nand for reading 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 4. Pingback: 13 istorijos planavimo metodų, kuriuos naudoja profesionalūs rašytojai\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Search for inspiration here\n\n#### Popular Topics\n\n * Plotting\n * Character\n * Dialogue\n * Story structure\n * Motivation\n * Narration\n * Editing\n * Writing inspiration\n * Romance\n * Fantasy\n\n#### Improve your craft with weekly tips:\n\n### Pin It on Pinterest\n\nShares\n\nShare This\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Pinterest\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Buffer\n\n * LinkedIn\n\n * Your Account\n\nRegister Login\n\n * Products\n\nThe Process Coaching Editing Courses & Guides\n\n * Now Novel\n\nAbout Us Contact Us Our Reviews Blog FAQ\n\n© 2012-2020 NOW NOVEL CC. All rights reserved\n\n * PRIVACY POLICY\n * TERMS OF SERVICE\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.advancedfictionwriting.com/articles/snowflake-method/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210623150555/https://www.advancedfictionwriting.com/articles/snowflake-method/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Write A Novel Using The Snowflake Method", "passages": [ "Writing a novel is easy. Writing a good novel is hard. That’s just life. If it were easy, we’d all be writing best-selling, prize-winning fiction.", "Frankly, there are a thousand different people out there who can tell you how to write a novel. There are a thousand different methods. The best one for you is the one that works for you.", "In this article, I’d like to share with you what works for me. I’ve published six novels and won about a dozen awards for my writing. I teach the craft of writing fiction at writing conferences all the time. One of my most popular lectures is this one: How to write a novel using what I call the “Snowflake Method.”", "This page is the most popular one on my web site, and gets over a thousand page views per day. Over the years, this page has been viewed more than six million times. So you can guess that a lot of people find it useful. But you may not, and that’s fine by me. Look it over, decide what might work for you, and ignore the rest! If it makes you dizzy, I won’t be insulted. Different writers are different. If my methods get you rolling, I’ll be happy. I’ll make the best case I can for my way of organizing things, but you are the final judge of what works best for you. Have fun and . . . write your novel!", "Good fiction doesn’t just happen, it is designed. You can do the design work before or after you write your novel. I’ve done it both ways and I strongly believe that doing it first is quicker and leads to a better result. Design is hard work, so it’s important to find a guiding principle early on. This article will give you a powerful metaphor to guide your design.", "For a number of years, I was a software architect designing large software projects. I write novels the same way I write software, using the “snowflake metaphor”. OK, what’s the snowflake metaphor? Before you go further, take a look at this cool web site.", "On the side of the page, you’ll see an animation of a pattern known as a snowflake fractal. Don’t tell anyone, but this is an important mathematical object that’s been widely studied. For our purposes, it’s just a cool sketch of a snowflake. If you scroll down that same web page a little, you’ll see a box with a large triangle in it and arrows underneath. If you press the right- arrow button repeatedly, you’ll see the steps used to create the snowflake. It doesn’t look much like a snowflake at first, but after a few steps, it starts looking more and more like one, until it’s done.", "I claim that that’s how you design a novel — you start small, then build stuff up until it looks like a story. Part of this is creative work, and I can’t teach you how to do that. Not here, anyway. But part of the work is just managing your creativity — getting it organized into a well-structured novel. That’s what I’d like to teach you here.", "If you’re like most people, you spend a long time thinking about your novel before you ever start writing. You may do some research. You daydream about how the story’s going to work. You brainstorm. You start hearing the voices of different characters. You think about what the book’s about — the Deep Theme. This is an essential part of every book which I call “composting”. It’s an informal process and every writer does it differently. I’m going to assume that you know how to compost your story ideas and that you have already got a novel well-composted in your mind and that you’re ready to sit down and start writing that novel.", "But before you start writing, you need to get organized. You need to put all those wonderful ideas down on paper in a form you can use. Why? Because your memory is fallible, and your creativity has probably left a lot of holes in your story — holes you need to fill in before you start writing your novel. You need a design document. And you need to produce it using a process that doesn’t kill your desire to actually write the story. Here is my ten-step process for writing a design document. I use this process for writing my novels, and I hope it will help you.", "Step 1) Take an hour and write a one-sentence summary of your novel. Something like this: “A rogue physicist travels back in time to kill the apostle Paul.” (This is the summary for my first novel, Transgression.) The sentence will serve you forever as a ten-second selling tool. This is the big picture, the analog of that big starting triangle in the snowflake picture.", "When you later write your book proposal, this sentence should appear very early in the proposal. It’s the hook that will sell your book to your editor, to your committee, to the sales force, to bookstore owners, and ultimately to readers. So make the best one you can!", "Tie together the big picture and the personal picture. Which character has the most to lose in this story? Now tell me what he or she wants to win.", "Read the one-line blurbs on the New York Times Bestseller list to learn how to do this. Writing a one-sentence description is an art form.", "Step 2) Take another hour and expand that sentence to a full paragraph describing the story setup, major disasters, and ending of the novel. This is the analog of the second stage of the snowflake. I like to structure a story as “three disasters plus an ending”. Each of the disasters takes a quarter of the book to develop and the ending takes the final quarter. I don’t know if this is the ideal structure, it’s just my personal taste.", "If you believe in the Three-Act structure, then the first disaster corresponds to the end of Act 1. The second disaster is the mid-point of Act 2. The third disaster is the end of Act 2, and forces Act 3 which wraps things up. It is OK to have the first disaster be caused by external circumstances, but I think that the second and third disasters should be caused by the protagonist’s attempts to “fix things”. Things just get worse and worse.", "You can also use this paragraph in your proposal. Ideally, your paragraph will have about five sentences. One sentence to give me the backdrop and story setup. Then one sentence each for your three disasters. Then one more sentence to tell the ending. Don’t confuse this paragraph with the back-cover copy for your book. This paragraph summarizes the whole story. Your back-cover copy should summarize only about the first quarter of the story.", "Step 3) The above gives you a high-level view of your novel. Now you need something similar for the storylines of each of your characters. Characters are the most important part of any novel, and the time you invest in designing them up front will pay off ten-fold when you start writing. For each of your major characters, take an hour and write a one-page summary sheet that tells:", "An important point: You may find that you need to go back and revise your one- sentence summary and/or your one-paragraph summary. Go ahead! This is good–it means your characters are teaching you things about your story. It’s always okay at any stage of the design process to go back and revise earlier stages. In fact, it’s not just okay–it’s inevitable. And it’s good. Any revisions you make now are revisions you won’t need to make later on to a clunky 400 page manuscript.", "Another important point: It doesn’t have to be perfect. The purpose of each step in the design process is to advance you to the next step. Keep your forward momentum! You can always come back later and fix it when you understand the story better. You will do this too, unless you’re a lot smarter than I am.", "Step 4) By this stage, you should have a good idea of the large-scale structure of your novel, and you have only spent a day or two. Well, truthfully, you may have spent as much as a week, but it doesn’t matter. If the story is broken, you know it now, rather than after investing 500 hours in a rambling first draft. So now just keep growing the story. Take several hours and expand each sentence of your summary paragraph into a full paragraph. All but the last paragraph should end in a disaster. The final paragraph should tell how the book ends.", "This is a lot of fun, and at the end of the exercise, you have a pretty decent one-page skeleton of your novel. It’s okay if you can’t get it all onto one single-spaced page. What matters is that you are growing the ideas that will go into your story. You are expanding the conflict. You should now have a synopsis suitable for a proposal, although there is a better alternative for proposals . . .", "Step 5) Take a day or two and write up a one-page description of each major character and a half-page description of the other important characters. These “character synopses” should tell the story from the point of view of each character. As always, feel free to cycle back to the earlier steps and make revisions as you learn cool stuff about your characters. I usually enjoy this step the most and lately, I have been putting the resulting “character synopses” into my proposals instead of a plot-based synopsis. Editors love character synopses, because editors love character-based fiction.", "Step 6) By now, you have a solid story and several story-threads, one for each character. Now take a week and expand the one-page plot synopsis of the novel to a four-page synopsis. Basically, you will again be expanding each paragraph from step (4) into a full page. This is a lot of fun, because you are figuring out the high-level logic of the story and making strategic decisions. Here, you will definitely want to cycle back and fix things in the earlier steps as you gain insight into the story and new ideas whack you in the face.", "Step 7) Take another week and expand your character descriptions into full- fledged character charts detailing everything there is to know about each character. The standard stuff such as birthdate, description, history, motivation, goal, etc. Most importantly, how will this character change by the end of the novel? This is an expansion of your work in step (3), and it will teach you a lot about your characters. You will probably go back and revise steps (1-6) as your characters become “real” to you and begin making petulant demands on the story. This is good — great fiction is character-driven. Take as much time as you need to do this, because you’re just saving time downstream. When you have finished this process, (and it may take a full month of solid effort to get here), you have most of what you need to write a proposal. If you are a published novelist, then you can write a proposal now and sell your novel before you write it. If you’re not yet published, then you’ll need to write your entire novel first before you can sell it. No, that’s not fair, but life isn’t fair and the world of fiction writing is especially unfair.", "Step 8) You may or may not take a hiatus here, waiting for the book to sell. At some point, you’ve got to actually write the novel. Before you do that, there are a couple of things you can do to make that traumatic first draft easier. The first thing to do is to take that four-page synopsis and make a list of all the scenes that you’ll need to turn the story into a novel. And the easiest way to make that list is . . . with a spreadsheet.", "For some reason, this is scary to a lot of writers. Oh the horror. Deal with it. You learned to use a word-processor. Spreadsheets are easier. You need to make a list of scenes, and spreadsheets were invented for making lists. If you need some tutoring, buy a book. There are a thousand out there, and one of them will work for you. It should take you less than a day to learn the itty bit you need. It’ll be the most valuable day you ever spent. Do it.", "Make a spreadsheet detailing the scenes that emerge from your four-page plot outline. Make just one line for each scene. In one column, list the POV character. In another (wide) column, tell what happens. If you want to get fancy, add more columns that tell you how many pages you expect to write for the scene. A spreadsheet is ideal, because you can see the whole storyline at a glance, and it’s easy to move scenes around to reorder things.", "My spreadsheets usually wind up being over 100 lines long, one line for each scene of the novel. As I develop the story, I make new versions of my story spreadsheet. This is incredibly valuable for analyzing a story. It can take a week to make a good spreadsheet. When you are done, you can add a new column for chapter numbers and assign a chapter to each scene.", "Step 9) (Optional. I don’t do this step anymore.) Switch back to your word processor and begin writing a narrative description of the story. Take each line of the spreadsheet and expand it to a multi-paragraph description of the scene. Put in any cool lines of dialogue you think of, and sketch out the essential conflict of that scene. If there’s no conflict, you’ll know it here and you should either add conflict or scrub the scene.", "I used to write either one or two pages per chapter, and I started each chapter on a new page. Then I just printed it all out and put it in a loose- leaf notebook, so I could easily swap chapters around later or revise chapters without messing up the others. This process usually took me a week and the end result was a massive 50-page printed document that I would revise in red ink as I wrote the first draft. All my good ideas when I woke up in the morning got hand-written in the margins of this document. This, by the way, is a rather painless way of writing that dreaded detailed synopsis that all writers seem to hate. But it’s actually fun to develop, if you have done steps (1) through (8) first. When I did this step, I never showed this synopsis to anyone, least of all to an editor — it was for me alone. I liked to think of it as the prototype first draft. Imagine writing a first draft in a week! Yes, you can do it and it’s well worth the time. But I’ll be honest, I don’t feel like I need this step anymore, so I don’t do it now.", "Step 10) At this point, just sit down and start pounding out the real first draft of the novel. You will be astounded at how fast the story flies out of your fingers at this stage. I have seen writers triple their fiction writing speed overnight, while producing better quality first drafts than they usually produce on a third draft.", "You might think that all the creativity is chewed out of the story by this time. Well, no, not unless you overdid your analysis when you wrote your Snowflake. This is supposed to be the fun part, because there are many small- scale logic problems to work out here. How does Hero get out of that tree surrounded by alligators and rescue Heroine who’s in the burning rowboat? This is the time to figure it out! But it’s fun because you already know that the large-scale structure of the novel works. So you only have to solve a limited set of problems, and so you can write relatively fast.", "This stage is incredibly fun and exciting. I have heard many fiction writers complain about how hard the first draft is. Invariably, that’s because they have no clue what’s coming next. Good grief! Life is too short to write like that! There is no reason to spend 500 hours writing a wandering first draft of your novel when you can write a solid one in 150. Counting the 100 hours it takes to do the design documents, you come out way ahead in time.", "About midway through a first draft, I usually take a breather and fix all the broken parts of my design documents. Yes, the design documents are not perfect. That’s okay. The design documents are not fixed in concrete, they are a living set of documents that grows as you develop your novel. If you are doing your job right, at the end of the first draft you will laugh at what an amateurish piece of junk your original design documents were. And you’ll be thrilled at how deep your story has become.", "Are you struggling right now with a horrible first draft of your novel that just seems hopeless? Take an hour and summarize your story in one sentence. Does that clarify things? You’ve just completed step (1) of the Snowflake, and it only took an hour. Why not try the next few steps of the Snowflake and see if your story doesn’t suddenly start coming to life? What have you got to lose, except a horrible first draft that you already hate?", "Are you a seat-of-the-pants writer who finally finished your novel, but now you’re staring at an enormous pile of manuscript that desperately needs rewriting? Take heart! Your novel’s done, isn’t it? You’ve done something many writers only dream about. Now imagine a big-shot editor bumps into you in the elevator and asks what your novel’s about. In fifteen words or less, what would you say? Take your time! This is a thought game. What would you say? If you can come up with an answer in the next hour . . . you’ve just completed Step 1 of the Snowflake! Do you think some of the other steps might help you put some order into that manuscript? Give it a shot. What have you got to lose?", "Have you just got a nightmarishly long letter from your editor detailing all the things that are wrong with your novel? Are you wondering how you can possibly make all the changes before your impossible deadline? It’s never too late to do the Snowflake. How about if you take a week and drill through all the steps right now? It’ll clarify things wonderfully, and then you’ll have a plan for executing all those revisions. I bet you’ll get it done in record time. And I bet the book will come out better than you imagined.", "If the Snowflake Method works for you, I’d like to hear from you. You can reach me through the contact page on my web-site.", "Acknowledgments: I thank my many friends on the Chi Libris list and especially Janelle Schneider for a large number of discussions on the Snowflake and much else.", "Check out my best-selling book, How to Write a Novel Using the Snowflake Method. This book is a different kind of teaching tool. It uses a story to SHOW you how to write a novel, rather than to TELL you how to write a novel. I used the Snowflake Method to help me write the book, and at the end, you get to see the Snowflake document I created for the book, exactly the way I wrote it.", "If you learn best by seeing examples, you might like this book. It’s about a young woman who’s been dreaming all her life about writing a novel. Her parents always told her that fiction writing was “impractical,” and they made her get a practical college degree. But now that she’s married and has two kids in school, she decides to do something just for herself, for once in her life. She’s going to write that novel and nobody is going to stop her. The only thing blocking her is herself.", "I liked it so much, I gave Cameron some free labor to make Plottr work way better with the Snowflake Method.", "First, I created a Snowflake Method Character Template that Cameron put into Plottr so that you can easily design characters using Steps 3, 5, and 7 of the Snowflake Method.", "Then I created a Snowflake Method Plot Template for managing the timelines in Plottr, and Cameron put that in Plottr also. (Timelines let you visualize your scene lists from the Snowflake Method.)", "Finally, I created a Snowflake Method Project Template that walks you through the first nine steps in the Snowflake Method, with exact directions on what to do, and in which order, and exactly how to do it in Plottr. Cameron didn’t have any full Project Templates in Plottr, but he liked mine, so he added a Project Template feature to Plottr.", "As I said, I use Plottr myself now for my novel design work, and I recommend it to all Snowflakers. Plottr runs on both Macs and Windows, and it has a 30-day free trial and a 30-day money-back guarantee. And it’s priced extremely reasonably.", "Randy Ingermanson is a theoretical physicist and the award-winning author of six novels. He has taught at numerous writing conferences over the years and publishes the free monthly Advanced Fiction Writing E-zine.", "This article is immensely popular and has been translated into several languages. Here they are, in the order that the translations were done:", "Translators: If you’d like permission to do a translation, email me on my Contact Page. After you complete the translation, let me know and I’ll include a link to your translation here.", "Are you writing a novel, but having trouble getting your first draft written? Take a look at the wildly popular Snowflake Method--ten battle-tested steps to jump-start your creativity and help you quickly map out your story. All around the world, novelists are using the Snowflake Method right now to ignite their imaginations and get their first drafts down.", "If you can write one powerful, amazing scene, you can write a hundred. And that's a novel. The one goal of this book is to teach you the simple principles you can use right now to design a powerful scene before you write it.", "Everything you need to know to write, edit, and publish your novel. A best- selling classic guide for beginning and intermediate writers.", "Want to use the Snowflake Method to design your novel? Plottr is a great software tool that makes it fast, easy, and fun to use the Snowflake Method to make a roadmap for your novel.", "Please log in again. The login page will open in a new tab. After logging in you can close it and return to this page.", "We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkCookie policy" ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Write A Novel Using The Snowflake Method\n\nCreated by Randy Ingermanson - \"the Snowflake Guy\"\n\nAmerica's Mad Professor of Fiction Writing\n\nSuccessful Fiction Writing = Organizing + Creating + Marketing\n\n#### Organizing Your Writing\n\n * The “Snowflake Method” Article: Free\n * My “Snowflake Method” Book: Inexpensive\n * New “Plottr” Software: Recommended\n * Old “Snowflake Pro” Software: End of Life\n\n#### Creating Your Story\n\n * Writing the Perfect Scene: Free\n * My “Dynamite Scene” Book: Inexpensive\n * Writing Fiction for Dummies: Inexpensive\n\n#### Marketing Your Work\n\n * Advanced Fiction Writing E-zine: Free\n\n# The Snowflake Method For Designing A Novel\n\nWriting a novel is easy. Writing a good novel is hard. That’s just life. If it\nwere easy, we’d all be writing best-selling, prize-winning fiction.\n\nFrankly, there are a thousand different people out there who can tell you how\nto write a novel. There are a thousand different methods. The best one for you\nis the one that works for you.\n\nIn this article, I’d like to share with you what works for me. I’ve published\nsix novels and won about a dozen awards for my writing. I teach the craft of\nwriting fiction at writing conferences all the time. One of my most popular\nlectures is this one: How to write a novel using what I call the “Snowflake\nMethod.”\n\nThis page is the most popular one on my web site, and gets over a thousand\npage views per day. Over the years, this page has been viewed more than six\nmillion times. So you can guess that a lot of people find it useful. But you\nmay not, and that’s fine by me. Look it over, decide what might work for you,\nand ignore the rest! If it makes you dizzy, I won’t be insulted. Different\nwriters are different. If my methods get you rolling, I’ll be happy. I’ll make\nthe best case I can for my way of organizing things, but you are the final\njudge of what works best for you. Have fun and . . . write your novel!\n\n## The Importance of Design\n\nGood fiction doesn’t just happen, it is designed. You can do the design work\nbefore or after you write your novel. I’ve done it both ways and I strongly\nbelieve that doing it first is quicker and leads to a better result. Design is\nhard work, so it’s important to find a guiding principle early on. This\narticle will give you a powerful metaphor to guide your design.\n\nOur fundamental question is this: How do you design a novel?\n\nFor a number of years, I was a software architect designing large software\nprojects. I write novels the same way I write software, using the “snowflake\nmetaphor”. OK, what’s the snowflake metaphor? Before you go further, take a\nlook at this cool web site.\n\nOn the side of the page, you’ll see an animation of a pattern known as a\nsnowflake fractal. Don’t tell anyone, but this is an important mathematical\nobject that’s been widely studied. For our purposes, it’s just a cool sketch\nof a snowflake. If you scroll down that same web page a little, you’ll see a\nbox with a large triangle in it and arrows underneath. If you press the right-\narrow button repeatedly, you’ll see the steps used to create the snowflake. It\ndoesn’t look much like a snowflake at first, but after a few steps, it starts\nlooking more and more like one, until it’s done.\n\nThe first few steps look like this:\n\nI claim that that’s how you design a novel — you start small, then build stuff\nup until it looks like a story. Part of this is creative work, and I can’t\nteach you how to do that. Not here, anyway. But part of the work is just\nmanaging your creativity — getting it organized into a well-structured novel.\nThat’s what I’d like to teach you here.\n\nIf you’re like most people, you spend a long time thinking about your novel\nbefore you ever start writing. You may do some research. You daydream about\nhow the story’s going to work. You brainstorm. You start hearing the voices of\ndifferent characters. You think about what the book’s about — the Deep Theme.\nThis is an essential part of every book which I call “composting”. It’s an\ninformal process and every writer does it differently. I’m going to assume\nthat you know how to compost your story ideas and that you have already got a\nnovel well-composted in your mind and that you’re ready to sit down and start\nwriting that novel.\n\n## The Ten Steps of Design\n\nBut before you start writing, you need to get organized. You need to put all\nthose wonderful ideas down on paper in a form you can use. Why? Because your\nmemory is fallible, and your creativity has probably left a lot of holes in\nyour story — holes you need to fill in before you start writing your novel.\nYou need a design document. And you need to produce it using a process that\ndoesn’t kill your desire to actually write the story. Here is my ten-step\nprocess for writing a design document. I use this process for writing my\nnovels, and I hope it will help you.\n\nStep 1) Take an hour and write a one-sentence summary of your novel. Something\nlike this: “A rogue physicist travels back in time to kill the apostle Paul.”\n(This is the summary for my first novel, Transgression.) The sentence will\nserve you forever as a ten-second selling tool. This is the big picture, the\nanalog of that big starting triangle in the snowflake picture.\n\nWhen you later write your book proposal, this sentence should appear very\nearly in the proposal. It’s the hook that will sell your book to your editor,\nto your committee, to the sales force, to bookstore owners, and ultimately to\nreaders. So make the best one you can!\n\nSome hints on what makes a good sentence:\n\n * Shorter is better. Try for fewer than 15 words.\n * No character names, please! Better to say “a handicapped trapeze artist” than “Jane Doe”.\n * Tie together the big picture and the personal picture. Which character has the most to lose in this story? Now tell me what he or she wants to win.\n * Read the one-line blurbs on the New York Times Bestseller list to learn how to do this. Writing a one-sentence description is an art form.\n\nStep 2) Take another hour and expand that sentence to a full paragraph\ndescribing the story setup, major disasters, and ending of the novel. This is\nthe analog of the second stage of the snowflake. I like to structure a story\nas “three disasters plus an ending”. Each of the disasters takes a quarter of\nthe book to develop and the ending takes the final quarter. I don’t know if\nthis is the ideal structure, it’s just my personal taste.\n\nIf you believe in the Three-Act structure, then the first disaster corresponds\nto the end of Act 1. The second disaster is the mid-point of Act 2. The third\ndisaster is the end of Act 2, and forces Act 3 which wraps things up. It is OK\nto have the first disaster be caused by external circumstances, but I think\nthat the second and third disasters should be caused by the protagonist’s\nattempts to “fix things”. Things just get worse and worse.\n\nYou can also use this paragraph in your proposal. Ideally, your paragraph will\nhave about five sentences. One sentence to give me the backdrop and story\nsetup. Then one sentence each for your three disasters. Then one more sentence\nto tell the ending. Don’t confuse this paragraph with the back-cover copy for\nyour book. This paragraph summarizes the whole story. Your back-cover copy\nshould summarize only about the first quarter of the story.\n\nStep 3) The above gives you a high-level view of your novel. Now you need\nsomething similar for the storylines of each of your characters. Characters\nare the most important part of any novel, and the time you invest in designing\nthem up front will pay off ten-fold when you start writing. For each of your\nmajor characters, take an hour and write a one-page summary sheet that tells:\n\n * The character’s name\n * A one-sentence summary of the character’s storyline\n * The character’s motivation (what does he/she want abstractly?)\n * The character’s goal (what does he/she want concretely?)\n * The character’s conflict (what prevents him/her from reaching this goal?)\n * The character’s epiphany (what will he/she learn, how will he/she change?\n * A one-paragraph summary of the character’s storyline\n\nAn important point: You may find that you need to go back and revise your one-\nsentence summary and/or your one-paragraph summary. Go ahead! This is good–it\nmeans your characters are teaching you things about your story. It’s always\nokay at any stage of the design process to go back and revise earlier stages.\nIn fact, it’s not just okay–it’s inevitable. And it’s good. Any revisions you\nmake now are revisions you won’t need to make later on to a clunky 400 page\nmanuscript.\n\nAnother important point: It doesn’t have to be perfect. The purpose of each\nstep in the design process is to advance you to the next step. Keep your\nforward momentum! You can always come back later and fix it when you\nunderstand the story better. You will do this too, unless you’re a lot smarter\nthan I am.\n\nStep 4) By this stage, you should have a good idea of the large-scale\nstructure of your novel, and you have only spent a day or two. Well,\ntruthfully, you may have spent as much as a week, but it doesn’t matter. If\nthe story is broken, you know it now, rather than after investing 500 hours in\na rambling first draft. So now just keep growing the story. Take several hours\nand expand each sentence of your summary paragraph into a full paragraph. All\nbut the last paragraph should end in a disaster. The final paragraph should\ntell how the book ends.\n\nThis is a lot of fun, and at the end of the exercise, you have a pretty decent\none-page skeleton of your novel. It’s okay if you can’t get it all onto one\nsingle-spaced page. What matters is that you are growing the ideas that will\ngo into your story. You are expanding the conflict. You should now have a\nsynopsis suitable for a proposal, although there is a better alternative for\nproposals . . .\n\nStep 5) Take a day or two and write up a one-page description of each major\ncharacter and a half-page description of the other important characters. These\n“character synopses” should tell the story from the point of view of each\ncharacter. As always, feel free to cycle back to the earlier steps and make\nrevisions as you learn cool stuff about your characters. I usually enjoy this\nstep the most and lately, I have been putting the resulting “character\nsynopses” into my proposals instead of a plot-based synopsis. Editors love\ncharacter synopses, because editors love character-based fiction.\n\nStep 6) By now, you have a solid story and several story-threads, one for each\ncharacter. Now take a week and expand the one-page plot synopsis of the novel\nto a four-page synopsis. Basically, you will again be expanding each paragraph\nfrom step (4) into a full page. This is a lot of fun, because you are figuring\nout the high-level logic of the story and making strategic decisions. Here,\nyou will definitely want to cycle back and fix things in the earlier steps as\nyou gain insight into the story and new ideas whack you in the face.\n\nStep 7) Take another week and expand your character descriptions into full-\nfledged character charts detailing everything there is to know about each\ncharacter. The standard stuff such as birthdate, description, history,\nmotivation, goal, etc. Most importantly, how will this character change by the\nend of the novel? This is an expansion of your work in step (3), and it will\nteach you a lot about your characters. You will probably go back and revise\nsteps (1-6) as your characters become “real” to you and begin making petulant\ndemands on the story. This is good — great fiction is character-driven. Take\nas much time as you need to do this, because you’re just saving time\ndownstream. When you have finished this process, (and it may take a full month\nof solid effort to get here), you have most of what you need to write a\nproposal. If you are a published novelist, then you can write a proposal now\nand sell your novel before you write it. If you’re not yet published, then\nyou’ll need to write your entire novel first before you can sell it. No,\nthat’s not fair, but life isn’t fair and the world of fiction writing is\nespecially unfair.\n\nStep 8) You may or may not take a hiatus here, waiting for the book to sell.\nAt some point, you’ve got to actually write the novel. Before you do that,\nthere are a couple of things you can do to make that traumatic first draft\neasier. The first thing to do is to take that four-page synopsis and make a\nlist of all the scenes that you’ll need to turn the story into a novel. And\nthe easiest way to make that list is . . . with a spreadsheet.\n\nFor some reason, this is scary to a lot of writers. Oh the horror. Deal with\nit. You learned to use a word-processor. Spreadsheets are easier. You need to\nmake a list of scenes, and spreadsheets were invented for making lists. If you\nneed some tutoring, buy a book. There are a thousand out there, and one of\nthem will work for you. It should take you less than a day to learn the itty\nbit you need. It’ll be the most valuable day you ever spent. Do it.\n\nMake a spreadsheet detailing the scenes that emerge from your four-page plot\noutline. Make just one line for each scene. In one column, list the POV\ncharacter. In another (wide) column, tell what happens. If you want to get\nfancy, add more columns that tell you how many pages you expect to write for\nthe scene. A spreadsheet is ideal, because you can see the whole storyline at\na glance, and it’s easy to move scenes around to reorder things.\n\nMy spreadsheets usually wind up being over 100 lines long, one line for each\nscene of the novel. As I develop the story, I make new versions of my story\nspreadsheet. This is incredibly valuable for analyzing a story. It can take a\nweek to make a good spreadsheet. When you are done, you can add a new column\nfor chapter numbers and assign a chapter to each scene.\n\nStep 9) (Optional. I don’t do this step anymore.) Switch back to your word\nprocessor and begin writing a narrative description of the story. Take each\nline of the spreadsheet and expand it to a multi-paragraph description of the\nscene. Put in any cool lines of dialogue you think of, and sketch out the\nessential conflict of that scene. If there’s no conflict, you’ll know it here\nand you should either add conflict or scrub the scene.\n\nI used to write either one or two pages per chapter, and I started each\nchapter on a new page. Then I just printed it all out and put it in a loose-\nleaf notebook, so I could easily swap chapters around later or revise chapters\nwithout messing up the others. This process usually took me a week and the end\nresult was a massive 50-page printed document that I would revise in red ink\nas I wrote the first draft. All my good ideas when I woke up in the morning\ngot hand-written in the margins of this document. This, by the way, is a\nrather painless way of writing that dreaded detailed synopsis that all writers\nseem to hate. But it’s actually fun to develop, if you have done steps (1)\nthrough (8) first. When I did this step, I never showed this synopsis to\nanyone, least of all to an editor — it was for me alone. I liked to think of\nit as the prototype first draft. Imagine writing a first draft in a week! Yes,\nyou can do it and it’s well worth the time. But I’ll be honest, I don’t feel\nlike I need this step anymore, so I don’t do it now.\n\nStep 10) At this point, just sit down and start pounding out the real first\ndraft of the novel. You will be astounded at how fast the story flies out of\nyour fingers at this stage. I have seen writers triple their fiction writing\nspeed overnight, while producing better quality first drafts than they usually\nproduce on a third draft.\n\nYou might think that all the creativity is chewed out of the story by this\ntime. Well, no, not unless you overdid your analysis when you wrote your\nSnowflake. This is supposed to be the fun part, because there are many small-\nscale logic problems to work out here. How does Hero get out of that tree\nsurrounded by alligators and rescue Heroine who’s in the burning rowboat? This\nis the time to figure it out! But it’s fun because you already know that the\nlarge-scale structure of the novel works. So you only have to solve a limited\nset of problems, and so you can write relatively fast.\n\nThis stage is incredibly fun and exciting. I have heard many fiction writers\ncomplain about how hard the first draft is. Invariably, that’s because they\nhave no clue what’s coming next. Good grief! Life is too short to write like\nthat! There is no reason to spend 500 hours writing a wandering first draft of\nyour novel when you can write a solid one in 150. Counting the 100 hours it\ntakes to do the design documents, you come out way ahead in time.\n\nAbout midway through a first draft, I usually take a breather and fix all the\nbroken parts of my design documents. Yes, the design documents are not\nperfect. That’s okay. The design documents are not fixed in concrete, they are\na living set of documents that grows as you develop your novel. If you are\ndoing your job right, at the end of the first draft you will laugh at what an\namateurish piece of junk your original design documents were. And you’ll be\nthrilled at how deep your story has become.\n\n## Ways To Use The Snowflake\n\nAre you struggling right now with a horrible first draft of your novel that\njust seems hopeless? Take an hour and summarize your story in one sentence.\nDoes that clarify things? You’ve just completed step (1) of the Snowflake, and\nit only took an hour. Why not try the next few steps of the Snowflake and see\nif your story doesn’t suddenly start coming to life? What have you got to\nlose, except a horrible first draft that you already hate?\n\nAre you a seat-of-the-pants writer who finally finished your novel, but now\nyou’re staring at an enormous pile of manuscript that desperately needs\nrewriting? Take heart! Your novel’s done, isn’t it? You’ve done something many\nwriters only dream about. Now imagine a big-shot editor bumps into you in the\nelevator and asks what your novel’s about. In fifteen words or less, what\nwould you say? Take your time! This is a thought game. What would you say? If\nyou can come up with an answer in the next hour . . . you’ve just completed\nStep 1 of the Snowflake! Do you think some of the other steps might help you\nput some order into that manuscript? Give it a shot. What have you got to\nlose?\n\nHave you just got a nightmarishly long letter from your editor detailing all\nthe things that are wrong with your novel? Are you wondering how you can\npossibly make all the changes before your impossible deadline? It’s never too\nlate to do the Snowflake. How about if you take a week and drill through all\nthe steps right now? It’ll clarify things wonderfully, and then you’ll have a\nplan for executing all those revisions. I bet you’ll get it done in record\ntime. And I bet the book will come out better than you imagined.\n\nIf the Snowflake Method works for you, I’d like to hear from you. You can\nreach me through the contact page on my web-site.\n\nAcknowledgments: I thank my many friends on the Chi Libris list and especially\nJanelle Schneider for a large number of discussions on the Snowflake and much\nelse.\n\nBest regards,\n\nRandy Ingermanson, Ph.D.\n\n## Want to Learn More About the Snowflake Method?\n\nCheck out my best-selling book, How to Write a Novel Using the Snowflake\nMethod. This book is a different kind of teaching tool. It uses a story to\nSHOW you how to write a novel, rather than to TELL you how to write a novel. I\nused the Snowflake Method to help me write the book, and at the end, you get\nto see the Snowflake document I created for the book, exactly the way I wrote\nit.\n\nIf you learn best by seeing examples, you might like this book. It’s about a\nyoung woman who’s been dreaming all her life about writing a novel. Her\nparents always told her that fiction writing was “impractical,” and they made\nher get a practical college degree. But now that she’s married and has two\nkids in school, she decides to do something just for herself, for once in her\nlife. She’s going to write that novel and nobody is going to stop her. The\nonly thing blocking her is herself.\n\nAvailable in paper, e-book, and audiobook at these fine retailers:\n\n## Want a Tool to Make the Snowflake Method Fast, Easy, and Fun?\n\nThe software tool I use is called Plottr, and it’s written by a programmer\nfriend of mine, Cameron Sutter.\n\nPlottr is a program that helps you design your novel using several different\nmethods, including the Snowflake Method.\n\nI liked it so much, I gave Cameron some free labor to make Plottr work way\nbetter with the Snowflake Method.\n\nFirst, I created a Snowflake Method Character Template that Cameron put into\nPlottr so that you can easily design characters using Steps 3, 5, and 7 of the\nSnowflake Method.\n\nThen I created a Snowflake Method Plot Template for managing the timelines in\nPlottr, and Cameron put that in Plottr also. (Timelines let you visualize your\nscene lists from the Snowflake Method.)\n\nFinally, I created a Snowflake Method Project Template that walks you through\nthe first nine steps in the Snowflake Method, with exact directions on what to\ndo, and in which order, and exactly how to do it in Plottr. Cameron didn’t\nhave any full Project Templates in Plottr, but he liked mine, so he added a\nProject Template feature to Plottr.\n\nAs I said, I use Plottr myself now for my novel design work, and I recommend\nit to all Snowflakers. Plottr runs on both Macs and Windows, and it has a\n30-day free trial and a 30-day money-back guarantee. And it’s priced extremely\nreasonably.\n\nClick here to learn more about Plottr.\n\n## About The Author\n\nRandy Ingermanson is a theoretical physicist and the award-winning author of\nsix novels. He has taught at numerous writing conferences over the years and\npublishes the free monthly Advanced Fiction Writing E-zine.\n\n## Translations of This Article\n\nThis article is immensely popular and has been translated into several\nlanguages. Here they are, in the order that the translations were done:\n\n 1. German: Read the German translation here.\n 2. German: Read a different German translation here.\n 3. Italian: Read the Italian translation here.\n 4. Russian: Read the Russian translation here.\n 5. French: Read the French translation here.\n 6. Spanish: Read the Spanish translation here.\n 7. Japanese: Read the Japanese translation here.\n 8. Czech: Read the Czech translation here.\n 9. Serbian: Read the Serbian translation here.\n 10. Traditional Chinese: Read the Traditional Chinese translation here.\n 11. Brazilian Portuguese: Read the Brazilian Portuguese translation here.\n 12. Dutch: Read the Dutch translation here.\n 13. Vietnamese: Read the Vietnamese translation here.\n 14. Hindi: Read the Hindi translation here.\n\nIf you know of other translations, please let me know about them on my Contact\npage.\n\nTranslators: If you’d like permission to do a translation, email me on my\nContact Page. After you complete the translation, let me know and I’ll include\na link to your translation here.\n\n#### Search\n\n#### Connect with Randy\n\nFollow Randy on Amazon\n\nRandy's Personal Site\n\n#### Featured Articles\n\n * Snowflake Method of Writing a Novel\n * Writing the Perfect Scene\n * How To Spot a Predatory Publisher\n * Is Traditional Publishing a Scam?\n * Should You Be an Indie Author?\n * Finding Your Novel's Target Audience\n * Two Big Myths In Editing a Novel\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Archives\n\n## How to Write a Novel Using the Snowflake Method\n\nAre you writing a novel, but having trouble getting your first draft written?\nTake a look at the wildly popular Snowflake Method--ten battle-tested steps to\njump-start your creativity and help you quickly map out your story. All around\nthe world, novelists are using the Snowflake Method right now to ignite their\nimaginations and get their first drafts down.\n\nMore info →\n\n## How to Write a Dynamite Scene Using the Snowflake Method\n\nIf you can write one powerful, amazing scene, you can write a hundred. And\nthat's a novel. The one goal of this book is to teach you the simple\nprinciples you can use right now to design a powerful scene before you write\nit.\n\nMore info →\n\n#### Writing Fiction For Dummies\n\n## Writing Fiction for Dummies\n\nEverything you need to know to write, edit, and publish your novel. A best-\nselling classic guide for beginning and intermediate writers.\n\nMore info →\n\n#### Plottr: Amazing Software to Make the Snowflake Method Fast, Easy, and Fun\n\nWant to use the Snowflake Method to design your novel? Plottr is a great\nsoftware tool that makes it fast, easy, and fun to use the Snowflake Method to\nmake a roadmap for your novel.\n\nLearn all about Plottr here\n\nSuccessful Fiction Writing = Organizing + Creating + Marketing\n\nCopyright © 2021 · Advanced Fiction Writing. All Rights Reserved. Website by\nStormhill Media Log in\n\nSession expired\n\nPlease log in again. The login page will open in a new tab. After logging in\nyou can close it and return to this page.\n\nPrivacy Policy Cookie Policy\n\nTerms and Conditions\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\nit.OkCookie policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.scribendi.com/advice/theplotskeleton.en.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170122125716/https://www.scribendi.com/advice/theplotskeleton.en.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Write a Plot Outline", "passages": [ "There are many names for a plot outline; one of our favorites is the plot skeleton. Some people also call it \"the universal plot,\" while others simply call it \"basic structure.\" Whatever you refer to it as, the plot outline is what will hold up your story if you know how to use it—or cause it to collapse if you don't.", "Many people, when they learn what a plot outline is, fail to see the point of it. Why, they ask, would they want to use a format that is found in every other story known to humankind—where is the creativity in that? the sense of art? The answer is simple: it works. There's a reason why every story that touches your emotions sounds familiar when you strip it down to its bare bones.", "You start out with a character—let's call him Character X. This character finds himself in some kind of trouble and does his best to get out of it. However, everything Character X does only seems to make the trouble worse.", "Just when it seems Character X has come to the very lowest point imaginable, he manages to work out the issues through some kind of insight or ingenuity, and all is right in the world.", "Every story needs this plot resolution in order for your readers to feel like their time was well spent on your novel.", "We challenge you to find a truly great story that doesn't follow this plot structure to a certain degree—you'll find that it's extremely hard. While we're sure there are a few out there, it's virtually impossible to think of a single one offhand.", "It is a human instinct to identify with a sympathetic character. Through struggle, readers form an emotive bond with the character, and the suspense surrounding the character's uncertain fate keeps them interested. If you are not giving your reader any kind of struggle and there is no suspense created by Character X moving through various roadblocks toward some kind of goal (the eradication of that struggle), your readers will not connect with your character and won't care what happens to him.", "To put it bluntly, they will toss your novel aside and turn their attention to something that better provides what they're looking for.", "Many writers forget that a skeleton is just that—bare bones. Humans all have skeletons that look pretty much alike, but we all look vastly different when flesh, hair, and snazzy clothes cover them up.", "The plot outline is not the be-all and end-all of your plot; it's just the scaffolding holding up the walls of your construction. The complication that sends your character into distress does not have to be huge; your main character doesn't have to be charged with recovering stolen nuclear weapons or with the task of taking a magic ring to Mount Doom to save all of humanity.", "Your character might be a sweet but socially challenged man, who, in the search for his sweetheart, bungles through all kinds of schemes to meet women before discovering that his next-door neighbor was the woman of his dreams all along.", "Your character might be a teenage girl, desperately trying to find herself, who dyes her hair electric blue, gets a belly ring, or takes up cheerleading to boost her popularity only to find that all she needed was one true friend.", "All of these stories follow the plot outline archetype previously described, yet each is dramatically different, and each has a good plot.", "The possibilities are endless. You are not limited to any specific genre—the plot outline is truly universal. Your hopeless young man could live in China, India, or Milwaukee, and the story could be set in the present, the 1930s, or 300 years into the future.", "Ultimately, it is up to the author to wrap his or her plot skeleton in muscle, sinew, and skin, placing within it the heart that will make a unique and beautiful literary creation.", "Any seasoned writer will tell you that creating characters that are believable takes some work. It's a little like painting a picture, stroke by stroke. Characters have to be constructed, bit by bit, until the whole, complex individual finally comes into view.", "A straight path is rarely interesting. Twists and turns that increase the sense of struggle provide an opportunity for the readers to build stronger emotional bonds with the character and build suspense.", "There are many names for a plot outline; one of our favorites is the plot skeleton. Whatever you refer to it as, the plot outline is what will hold up your story if you know how to use it—or cause it to collapse if you don't.", "If you already have a plot outline and are in the process of writing your story, you need to consider how you are planning on ending your novel. Remember our mantra: a plot is a complication followed by a plot resolution.", "Everyone wants to know the secret behind amazing novels. Scribendi.com's editors offer five helpful plot rules that will ensure your novel has a good plot, one that will grab and keep your reader's attention." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Write a Plot Outline | Scribendi.com\n\nScribendi Editing and Proofreading\n\nFast, Affordable, Professional Editing and Proofreading\n\nTrusted with more than 1,254 million words—Open 24/7\n\n * Skip the menu\n * Editing Services\n\n * Home\n * Authors\n * Student/Academic\n * ESL\n * Business\n * Corporate/Government\n * Personal\n * FAQs\n\n * All FAQs\n * How Do I...?\n * Pricing, Payments, and Currencies\n * Employment Opportunities\n * My Scribendi\n\n * My Control Panel\n * My Orders\n * My Account\n * Create an Account\n * Contact Us\n * Writing Resources\n\n * All Writing Resources\n * Advice and Articles\n * Podcasts\n * Books\n * Training Courses\n * Glossary\n * Tools\n * API\n * Useful Sites\n * About Us\n\n * About Us\n * Quality Assurance\n * Partner With Us\n * Awards\n * News\n * Testimonials\n * Case Studies\n * Employment\n * Contact\n\nYou are here: > Home > Resources > Advice and Articles > How to Write a Plot\nOutline\n\n# How to Write a Plot Outline\n\n## Producing a consistent and effective plot\n\nThere are many names for a plot outline; one of our favorites is the plot\nskeleton. Some people also call it \"the universal plot,\" while others simply\ncall it \"basic structure.\" Whatever you refer to it as, the plot outline is\nwhat will hold up your story if you know how to use it—or cause it to collapse\nif you don't.\n\nMany people, when they learn what a plot outline is, fail to see the point of\nit. Why, they ask, would they want to use a format that is found in every\nother story known to humankind—where is the creativity in that? the sense of\nart? The answer is simple: it works. There's a reason why every story that\ntouches your emotions sounds familiar when you strip it down to its bare\nbones.\n\n### The plot outline at its simplest\n\nThe following is an example of a plot skeleton:\n\nYou start out with a character—let's call him Character X. This character\nfinds himself in some kind of trouble and does his best to get out of it.\nHowever, everything Character X does only seems to make the trouble worse.\n\nJust when it seems Character X has come to the very lowest point imaginable,\nhe manages to work out the issues through some kind of insight or ingenuity,\nand all is right in the world.\n\nEvery story needs this plot resolution in order for your readers to feel like\ntheir time was well spent on your novel.\n\nWe challenge you to find a truly great story that doesn't follow this plot\nstructure to a certain degree—you'll find that it's extremely hard. While\nwe're sure there are a few out there, it's virtually impossible to think of a\nsingle one offhand.\n\nIt is a human instinct to identify with a sympathetic character. Through\nstruggle, readers form an emotive bond with the character, and the suspense\nsurrounding the character's uncertain fate keeps them interested. If you are\nnot giving your reader any kind of struggle and there is no suspense created\nby Character X moving through various roadblocks toward some kind of goal (the\neradication of that struggle), your readers will not connect with your\ncharacter and won't care what happens to him.\n\nTo put it bluntly, they will toss your novel aside and turn their attention to\nsomething that better provides what they're looking for.\n\n### Remember, a plot skeleton is only bones...\n\nMany writers forget that a skeleton is just that—bare bones. Humans all have\nskeletons that look pretty much alike, but we all look vastly different when\nflesh, hair, and snazzy clothes cover them up.\n\nThe plot outline is not the be-all and end-all of your plot; it's just the\nscaffolding holding up the walls of your construction. The complication that\nsends your character into distress does not have to be huge; your main\ncharacter doesn't have to be charged with recovering stolen nuclear weapons or\nwith the task of taking a magic ring to Mount Doom to save all of humanity.\n\nYour character might be a sweet but socially challenged man, who, in the\nsearch for his sweetheart, bungles through all kinds of schemes to meet women\nbefore discovering that his next-door neighbor was the woman of his dreams all\nalong.\n\nYour character might be a teenage girl, desperately trying to find herself,\nwho dyes her hair electric blue, gets a belly ring, or takes up cheerleading\nto boost her popularity only to find that all she needed was one true friend.\n\nAll of these stories follow the plot outline archetype previously described,\nyet each is dramatically different, and each has a good plot.\n\nThe possibilities are endless. You are not limited to any specific genre—the\nplot outline is truly universal. Your hopeless young man could live in China,\nIndia, or Milwaukee, and the story could be set in the present, the 1930s, or\n300 years into the future.\n\nUltimately, it is up to the author to wrap his or her plot skeleton in muscle,\nsinew, and skin, placing within it the heart that will make a unique and\nbeautiful literary creation.\n\nAnd remember, if you need a manuscript critique, let our editors take a look!\n\nImage source: Matthew MacQuarrie/Unsplash.com\n\n### Related Articles\n\nCreating Believable Characters\n\nAny seasoned writer will tell you that creating characters that are believable\ntakes some work. It's a little like painting a picture, stroke by stroke.\nCharacters have to be constructed, bit by bit, until the whole, complex\nindividual finally comes into view.\n\nHow to Write a Plot\n\nA straight path is rarely interesting. Twists and turns that increase the\nsense of struggle provide an opportunity for the readers to build stronger\nemotional bonds with the character and build suspense.\n\nHow to Write a Plot Outline\n\nThere are many names for a plot outline; one of our favorites is the plot\nskeleton. Whatever you refer to it as, the plot outline is what will hold up\nyour story if you know how to use it—or cause it to collapse if you don't.\n\nPlot Resolution: Bringing Your Plot to a Good Resolution\n\nIf you already have a plot outline and are in the process of writing your\nstory, you need to consider how you are planning on ending your novel.\nRemember our mantra: a plot is a complication followed by a plot resolution.\n\nThe Golden Rules for a Good Plot\n\nEveryone wants to know the secret behind amazing novels. Scribendi.com's\neditors offer five helpful plot rules that will ensure your novel has a good\nplot, one that will grab and keep your reader's attention.\n\nBack to Advice and Articles\n\n### Article Types\n\n * Articles & Advice\n * Podcasts\n\n### Article Categories\n\n * Authors\n * Business People\n * Corporations, Governments, Institutions\n * English as a Second Language\n * Personal\n * Students and Academics\n\n### Newsletter\n\n### RSS Feeds\n\n * RSS 1.0\n * RSS 2.0\n * Atom 1.0\n\n### Tags\n\nfiction manuscript plot resources writing advice\n\nEditing Services | Proofreading | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy |\nAccessibility | Site Map\n\n© Copyright Scribendi Inc. 1997–2017.\n\nFacebook Twitter Google+\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.janefriedman.com/begin-with-action/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506185446/https://www.janefriedman.com/begin-with-action/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Begin Your Novel with Action: A Good Rule?", "passages": [ "Note from Jane: Today’s guest post is adapted from The Irresistible Novel by Jeff Gerke (@JeffGerke), published by Writer’s Digest Books.", "You’ve probably heard the adage that you must begin your novel with action—even if it’s not the main action of the book. While this rule is fairly well-accepted in fiction teaching circles, not everyone agrees with it.", "What does it mean to begin a novel with action? Usually, car chases and explosions come to mind. But a lot of novels don’t have a single car chase and nary an explosion in the whole book, so then what would “action” constitute? It could be a ballgame, an argument, a stage performance, someone’s death, or a mysterious discovery. So long as it strikes the right tone for the novel to come, any of these would be good choices.", "But what if the writer doesn’t want to begin with anything active happening at all? Must a novel begin with action of some sort? Is there no other option?", "You don’t know about me without you have read a book by the name of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer; but that ain’t no matter.", "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.", "What about a novel that begins with the unique voice of the narrator? What about a novel from the lyrical prose school of fiction?", "My fourth novel begins with the hero finding out that he’s been assigned to kill someone—but the scene itself consists mainly of thinking and talking, not your typical description of an action-packed beginning.", "Those who advocate beginning a novel with action want your reader to be immediately engaged in your book. The boring beginning, they argue, could prevent your reader from becoming your reader at all. Sometimes I’ll read a book’s first page—or even just its first line—to see if it hooks me, and if it doesn’t, I put it down and keep looking.", "Ruth had already gone upstairs twice that morning to try to wake Johanna. Both times her sister had grumbled something that led her to believe—wrongly, as it turned out—that she really was going to get up. Why do I always fall for it, every single day, Ruth scolded herself as she climbed the stairs for the third time.", "But I personally wouldn’t keep reading it, and not just because I’m not a fan of romance novels. It’s just boring to me. It feels mundane, safe, and even tedious, which is what my life too often feels like as it is. I don’t come to fiction for more of that. There’s nothing of danger or intrigue here. I would just keep looking.", "It was a special pleasure to see things eaten, to see things blackened and changed. With the brass nozzle in his fists, with this great python spitting its venomous kerosene upon the world, the blood pounded in his head, and his hands were the hands of some amazing conductor playing all the symphonies of blazing and burning to bring down the atters and charcoal ruins of history.", "Give your reader danger, action or surprise in the beginning, and he’ll have a hard time not sticking with your book.", "Agents and editors are like that, too. They may have 63 other proposals they’re trying to get through before lunch, and if a novel doesn’t grab them right away, they lay it aside and move on to the next one in the stack. Even if the first line or two grabs him, when an agent or editor sees a novel that begins with someone thinking or a description of the clouds or a massive information dump about the history of something, he knows the odds are this book isn’t a winner.", "Readers want to be swept away by a novel. Unless a novel has been recommended strongly by people they trust—or written by someone they’re related to—they’re not going to give that novel much of their time if it doesn’t grab them right away. Starting with action is the most surefire way to engage. The other way to engage is to begin with something unexpected or fascinating happening. But it’s in your best interest to begin with either action or surprise—or both.", "I don’t see any question that the very first line, paragraph, page, scene, and chapter of a novel must engage the reader. She’s got a hundred other things she could be doing and a billion other entertainment choices vying for her attention. My great commandment of fiction is that you must engage your reader from beginning to end. Well, how can you engage the reader at the beginning?", "I’m going to go really vague here, but hopefully it will be helpful: You engage your reader by writing something interesting. (I almost wrote “You engage your reader by writing something engaging,” but that would be circular and frustrating. Aren’t you glad I didn’t write that?)", "Seriously, though, you’ll find 101 ways to engage someone in a story you want to tell. You can engage through pyrotechnics or poetry, through mayhem or music, through action or anguish. Yes, a car chase or explosion might be engaging, but so might the consumption of a peanut butter and jelly sandwich, if written well enough.", "If starting with traditional action fits your novel and engages the reader, do it. If starting with nontraditional action, like cracking a safe or finding the last Easter egg, fits your book and engages your reader, it’s all good. And if you can pull off an opening that doesn’t have action by any definition and yet nevertheless fits your novel and truly engages the reader, then you should do it.", "I have begun some of my novels with action, some with nontraditional action, one with a discovery, one with a cryptic discussion, and one with a decision.", "In my opinion, the point isn’t to begin with action, but to engage. However you feel like accomplishing that, either through action or surprise, so long as you do accomplish it, I’d call it a win.", "To learn more about engaging your reader, check out The Irresistible Novel by Jeff Gerke, recently released by Writer’s Digest Books.", "Jeff Gerke, the author behind the Operation: Firebrand trilogy of military thrillers, is also a freelance mentor and editor for writers. Learn more at his website." ] }, "parsed_md": "Begin Your Novel with Action: A Good Rule? | Jane Friedman\n\nSkip to content\n\nWork with Jane\n\nAbout Jane\n\n# Begin Your Novel with Action: A Good Rule?\n\nPosted on May 19, 2015May 19, 2015 by Jeff Gerke | 27 Comments\n\nby Ralph Aichinger / via Flickr\n\nNote from Jane: Today’s guest post is adapted from The Irresistible Novel by\nJeff Gerke (@JeffGerke), published by Writer’s Digest Books.\n\nYou’ve probably heard the adage that you must begin your novel with\naction—even if it’s not the main action of the book. While this rule is fairly\nwell-accepted in fiction teaching circles, not everyone agrees with it.\n\nWhat does it mean to begin a novel with action? Usually, car chases and\nexplosions come to mind. But a lot of novels don’t have a single car chase and\nnary an explosion in the whole book, so then what would “action” constitute?\nIt could be a ballgame, an argument, a stage performance, someone’s death, or\na mysterious discovery. So long as it strikes the right tone for the novel to\ncome, any of these would be good choices.\n\nBut what if the writer doesn’t want to begin with anything active happening at\nall? Must a novel begin with action of some sort? Is there no other option?\n\nWe know there are great ways to begin a novel that are not action by almost\nanyone’s definition.\n\n> Call me Ishmael.\n>\n> Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own\n> way.\n>\n> It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.\n>\n> You don’t know about me without you have read a book by the name of The\n> Adventures of Tom Sawyer; but that ain’t no matter.\n>\n> It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a\n> good fortune, must be in want of a wife.\n\nGranted, those are just opening lines, not opening scenes, and those are drawn\nfrom novels of yesteryear. But the point remains that it’s possible to have a\ngreat novel that doesn’t begin with a tank blowing up.\n\nWhat about a novel that begins with the unique voice of the narrator? What\nabout a novel from the lyrical prose school of fiction?\n\nMy fourth novel begins with the hero finding out that he’s been assigned to\nkill someone—but the scene itself consists mainly of thinking and talking, not\nyour typical description of an action-packed beginning.\n\n## Why It’s Often Smart to Begin with Action\n\nThose who advocate beginning a novel with action want your reader to be\nimmediately engaged in your book. The boring beginning, they argue, could\nprevent your reader from becoming your reader at all. Sometimes I’ll read a\nbook’s first page—or even just its first line—to see if it hooks me, and if it\ndoesn’t, I put it down and keep looking.\n\nWould you keep reading a novel that began like this:\n\n> Ruth had already gone upstairs twice that morning to try to wake Johanna.\n> Both times her sister had grumbled something that led her to\n> believe—wrongly, as it turned out—that she really was going to get up. Why\n> do I always fall for it, every single day, Ruth scolded herself as she\n> climbed the stairs for the third time.\n\nNow, this is the beginning of The Glassblower by Petra Durst-Benning, and on\nthe day I wrote this, it was the No. 1 book in Amazon’s historical romance\ncategory, so apparently it was selling just fine.\n\nBut I personally wouldn’t keep reading it, and not just because I’m not a fan\nof romance novels. It’s just boring to me. It feels mundane, safe, and even\ntedious, which is what my life too often feels like as it is. I don’t come to\nfiction for more of that. There’s nothing of danger or intrigue here. I would\njust keep looking.\n\nWould you continue reading a novel that begins like this next one:\n\n> It was a pleasure to burn.\n>\n> It was a special pleasure to see things eaten, to see things blackened and\n> changed. With the brass nozzle in his fists, with this great python spitting\n> its venomous kerosene upon the world, the blood pounded in his head, and his\n> hands were the hands of some amazing conductor playing all the symphonies of\n> blazing and burning to bring down the atters and charcoal ruins of history.\n\nWow. Well, I personally would keep reading that. It has both action and\nsurprise, both danger and the unexpected. I wonder what in the world is going\non, and I feel my brain perk up with all its information about staying safe\nwhen around open flame. Apparently, readers have been able to stick with this\nbook fairly well over the years. It’s the opening of Fahrenheit 451 by Ray\nBradbury.\n\nGive your reader danger, action or surprise in the beginning, and he’ll have a\nhard time not sticking with your book.\n\nAgents and editors are like that, too. They may have 63 other proposals\nthey’re trying to get through before lunch, and if a novel doesn’t grab them\nright away, they lay it aside and move on to the next one in the stack. Even\nif the first line or two grabs him, when an agent or editor sees a novel that\nbegins with someone thinking or a description of the clouds or a massive\ninformation dump about the history of something, he knows the odds are this\nbook isn’t a winner.\n\nReaders want to be swept away by a novel. Unless a novel has been recommended\nstrongly by people they trust—or written by someone they’re related to—they’re\nnot going to give that novel much of their time if it doesn’t grab them right\naway. Starting with action is the most surefire way to engage. The other way\nto engage is to begin with something unexpected or fascinating happening. But\nit’s in your best interest to begin with either action or surprise—or both.\n\n## How Do You Engage the Reader from the Beginning?\n\nI don’t see any question that the very first line, paragraph, page, scene, and\nchapter of a novel must engage the reader. She’s got a hundred other things\nshe could be doing and a billion other entertainment choices vying for her\nattention. My great commandment of fiction is that you must engage your reader\nfrom beginning to end. Well, how can you engage the reader at the beginning?\n\nI’m going to go really vague here, but hopefully it will be helpful: You\nengage your reader by writing something interesting. (I almost wrote “You\nengage your reader by writing something engaging,” but that would be circular\nand frustrating. Aren’t you glad I didn’t write that?)\n\nSeriously, though, you’ll find 101 ways to engage someone in a story you want\nto tell. You can engage through pyrotechnics or poetry, through mayhem or\nmusic, through action or anguish. Yes, a car chase or explosion might be\nengaging, but so might the consumption of a peanut butter and jelly sandwich,\nif written well enough.\n\nThe point isn’t what sort of engagement you use. The point is that you engage.\n\nIf starting with traditional action fits your novel and engages the reader, do\nit. If starting with nontraditional action, like cracking a safe or finding\nthe last Easter egg, fits your book and engages your reader, it’s all good.\nAnd if you can pull off an opening that doesn’t have action by any definition\nand yet nevertheless fits your novel and truly engages the reader, then you\nshould do it.\n\nI have begun some of my novels with action, some with nontraditional action,\none with a discovery, one with a cryptic discussion, and one with a decision.\n\nIn my opinion, the point isn’t to begin with action, but to engage. However\nyou feel like accomplishing that, either through action or surprise, so long\nas you do accomplish it, I’d call it a win.\n\nTo learn more about engaging your reader, check out The Irresistible Novel by\nJeff Gerke, recently released by Writer’s Digest Books.\n\nShare this\n\nPosted in Guest Post, Writing Advice and tagged action, beginning,\nstorytelling.\n\n### Jeff Gerke\n\nView posts by Jeff Gerke\n\nJeff Gerke, the author behind the Operation: Firebrand trilogy of military\nthrillers, is also a freelance mentor and editor for writers. Learn more at\nhis website.\n\n### Related Posts\n\n 1. ### 4 Voices That Can Help (or Hinder) Your Memoir\n\nMay 5, 2021\n\n 2. ### When I Decided to Write My Own Story—And Not Someone Else’s\n\nMay 4, 2021\n\n 3. ### What If It Takes 12 Years to Get an Agent?\n\nApril 29, 2021\n\nSubscribe\n\nLogin\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n27 Comments\n\noldest\n\nnewest most voted\n\nInline Feedbacks\n\nView all comments\n\n### Subscribe to the blog\n\n * Daily edition: Receive emails that include the full text of each new post\n * Weekly digest: Receive a Sunday weekly e-mail digest of new blog posts\n\n### Jane’s latest book\n\n“Destined to become a staple reference book for writers.” —Publishers Weekly\n\n### Next Online Class\n\n### Most Popular Posts\n\n * Start Here: How to Get Your Book Published\n * A Writer’s Guide to Fair Use and Permissions + Sample Permissions Letter\n * Start Here: How to Write a Book Proposal\n * The Complete Guide to Query Letters\n * How to Find a Literary Agent for Your Book\n * Start Here: How to Self-Publish Your Book\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * 4 Voices That Can Help (or Hinder) Your Memoir\n * When I Decided to Write My Own Story—And Not Someone Else’s\n * What If It Takes 12 Years to Get an Agent?\n * 3 Key Tactics for Crafting Powerful Scenes\n * How the Pandemic Is Affecting Book Publishing\n\n### Recent Comments\n\n * Top Picks Thursday! For Writers & Readers 05-06-2021 | The Author Chronicles on What If It Takes 12 Years to Get an Agent?\n * Top Picks Thursday! For Writers & Readers 05-06-2021 | The Author Chronicles on 3 Key Tactics for Crafting Powerful Scenes\n * Lisa Cooper Ellison on 4 Voices That Can Help (or Hinder) Your Memoir\n * Leah C Lederman on 4 Voices That Can Help (or Hinder) Your Memoir\n * Laura Sturza on What If It Takes 12 Years to Get an Agent?\n\n### Categories\n\n * Author Q&A\n * Business for Writers\n * Publishing Industry\n * Getting Published\n * Self-Publishing\n * Ebook Publishing\n * Social Media\n * Digital Media\n * First-Page Critiques\n * Marketing + Promotion\n * Creativity + Inspiration\n * Guest Posts\n\n### Blog Archives\n\n### The Hot Sheet\n\nThe essential publishing industry newsletter for authors since 2015. Learn\nmore.\n\n### Free Resources\n\n * Jane’s Free Newsletter (Electric Speed)\n * Sunday Business Sermons\n * Jane’s Writing Advice Archive\n * Best Books on Writing\n\n### Products + Services\n\n * One-on-One Consulting\n * Nonfiction Book Proposal Consulting\n * Online Classes\n * The Hot Sheet newsletter\n\n### Find Jane Elsewhere\n\nJane Friedman Media LLC | Site design by Jane Friedman | proudly built with\nWordpress + Vantage Theme | Privacy Policy\n\nwpDiscuz\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.writersdigest.com/online-editor/7-ways-to-create-a-killer-opening-line-for-your-novel", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200216003159/https://www.writersdigest.com/online-editor/7-ways-to-create-a-killer-opening-line-for-your-novel", "parsed_text": { "title": "7 Ways to Create a Killer Opening Line For Your Novel", "passages": [ "Writing the first line to your book is an incredibly daunting task. This is your first opportunity to hook readers in. I remember writing and rewriting the opening line to my humor book OH BOY, YOU’RE HAVING A GIRL over and over again until I finally felt like I nailed it with this:", "“If you’re a guy and you’ve opened this book, you either have a daughter, are on the verge of having a daughter, or are in the delivery room hoping that that sweet bundle of joy that just emerged from your wife somehow, someway, spontaneously grow a penis. I am here to tell you: That almost never happens.”", "This technique is a staple of European classics. Think of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice (“It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.”) and Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina (“Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.”). Of course, the story or novel you write must confirm the proposed principle. If it turned out that Mr. Darcy didn’t want to wed, or that Anna was happily married, these openings would certainly leave readers wanting. (An excellent contemporary example is from Jane Hamilton’s The Book of Ruth: “What it begins with, I know finally, is the kernel of meanness in people’s hearts. ...”)", "The entire weight of the narrative can sometimes be conveyed in a single statement. Think of, “I had a farm in Africa” (Isak Dinesen’s Out of Africa) or, “It was a pleasure to burn” (Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451) or, “I am an invisible man” (Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man). No gimmicks. No fireworks. Just—as Mr. Gradgrind demands in the opening line of Charles Dickens’ Hard Times—the facts.", "In many cases, two facts combined are more powerful than either one on its own. The paradigmatic example is the opening line of Carson McCullers’ The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter: “In the town there were two mutes, and they were always together.” A town with two mutes is not necessarily compelling, nor are two inseparable men. But a town with two inseparable mutes? Now that locks in our interest.", "Because readers don’t read backward, it’s possible to bury a key piece of a story in an opening so that, by the time it becomes relevant, the reader has forgotten it. Agatha Christie mysteries do this often. The key to solving the crime in Murder on the Orient Express, for example, is embedded innocuously in the opening sentence. So is the key to the heroine’s psyche in Margaret Mitchell’s Gone With the Wind, the opening of which explains, “Scarlett O’Hara was not beautiful. ...”", "“Lolita, light of my life, fire of my loins.” Vladimir Nabokov’s celebrated opening is not designed to convey characterization or plot, though both are present, so much as to introduce his distinctive style. Anthony Burgess opens A Clockwork Orange (“What’s it going to be then, eh?”) without any plot, characterization or setting at all—merely the ominous voice that will accompany the reader through the text. Stories that begin with a highly unusual voice often withhold other craft elements for a few sentences—a reasonable choice, as the reader may need to adjust to a new form of language before being able to absorb much in the way of content.", "Contextual information not directly related to the story can often color our understanding of the coming narrative. Take Sylvia Plath’s opening to The Bell Jar: “It was a queer, sultry summer, the summer they electrocuted the Rosenbergs, and I didn’t know what I was doing in New York.” While the Rosenberg execution has nothing to do with the content of the narrative, it sets an ominous tone for what follows.", "Sometimes, the best way to begin a story is to announce that you’re about to tell a story. English storytellers have been doing this since at least the first recorded use of the phrase “Once upon a time” in the 14th century. Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn starts off this way, as does J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye. After all, a brilliant opening can be as straightforward as: “You are about to begin reading Italo Calvino’s new novel, If on a Winter’s Night a Traveler ...” (which really does start exactly that way).", "Brian A. Klems is the online editor of Writer’s Digest and author of the popular gift book Oh Boy, You’re Having a Girl: A Dad’s Survival Guide to Raising Daughters.", "I actually took your advice and the difference in my opening line was amazing. It went from: “Jennifer Hart was jolted awake by the phone screaming at 3:00 a.m. in the morning.” and was dramatically changed to: ” She tossed and turned, again having the, “Who am I and who are my biological parents’ dream,” when the phone’s reverberating ring ripped Jennifer Hart from her dreams.”", "Awfully insightful, the examples give a great idea of what each line means. I give you my thanks for helping the following line come to life. ‘Like most days he would wonder when he started to feel Death in his bones.’", "Jesus H tap-dancing Christ! I mean... SERIOUSLY?! If you physically cannot structure your own story, you are not fit to write a bloody stlry or anything like that! In fact, I’m only on this stupid website so I can comment on things like this and get you all to REALIZE that I’m actually right! Does anybody understand?! If you do, respond... quickly, please! I’m beggin’ on my knees for somebody to just... understand and agree with me – because I’M SODDING RIGHT! >:(", "1. Jporter61 September 8, 2015 at 7:03 pm\nSorry, but I can’t agree that you’re right. I had a writing professor at a major university that had no idea what novel writing structure is, but he wrote at least three bestselling novels in his life.", "Ditto to the first two responders. Can’t wait to hear how “It was five o’clock on a winter’s morning in Syria” will solve this particular murder mystery.", "“The last hour of life for Adam and Anne Philipson began at 3:04 in the afternoon on a Thursday in mid-December.” – an example of #2 from my first self-published novel, The Dragonslayers, Volume 1: The Righteous and the Lawless. It started out as a very boring sentence, describing main character walking down the street and only morphed into what it is now when my wife told me it was boring as hell. I decided to show his motivation instead of just telling it piecemeal throughout the book and it seems to work beautifully.", "New to this form of expression (which follows my first preference: screaming, I’m writing a memoir which is many, too many, pronged. Nevertheless, I needed to begin somewhere, so I began with something close to the beginning: a three year old girl taken on a bus by her mother, to live in an orphanage, that reality not known to her. (some surprise, no?) Lots of orphans in the era of WWII had mothers. Dads? Whole ‘nother story. My opening line: “Where we goin’, Mama?” “You’ll see,” she replies.", "No wonder I kept seeing links to this post all over Twitter. It’s wonderful–very insightful. A particularly unique piece of advice was the last line of #5, and #6 is a smart technique for sure.", "I LOVE this. As a newish-writer, I wish I had read it months ago. My first line required 15 rewrites, before I ‘chanced’ or more accurately, honed it and wrote a first sentence in the #4 category. I’m meeting with my writer’s group this weekend, and I am definitely passing this along to them. Thanks for sharing. Lyn", "Great article. I loved the breakdown. I am dying to know, however, how you get the key to solving Murder on the Orient Express in the opening line. I was so excited to go check it and I feel like a dunce. I would really appreciate you sharing with us on that one!", "1. Becky January 10, 2014 at 7:49 pm\nI agree. I don’t understand this either. How does the opening line bury a key piece of evidence? I would love the answer to this also. 🙂", "The Writer’s Digest Annual Conference offers everything you need to advance your writing career creatively and professionally. Gain invaluable tips to improve your craft, explore publishing options and learn how to establish a sustainable career. Join us in NYC from August 22-25!", "In this boot camp, you'll learn how to get a literary agent’s attention through a great submission, and also how to navigate the process of working successfully with an agent." ] }, "parsed_md": "7 Ways to Create a Killer Opening Line For Your Novel | Writer's Digest\n\n### WritersDigest Sites\n\n * Writer’s Digest\n * WD University\n * 2nd Draft Critiques\n * WD Annual Conference\n * Writer’s Digest Shop\n * Script Magazine\n\nWriter's Digest\n\nRegisterLog In\n\n### Navigate\n\n * Home\n * Prompts\n\n * Poetry Prompts\n * Your Story Prompts\n * Articles\n\n * The Writer’s Dig\n * Publishing Insights\n * Poetic Asides\n * By Writing Genre\n\n * Literary Fiction\n * Young Adult/Childrens\n * Mystery/Thriller\n * Romance\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\n * Horror\n * Spiritual\n * Humor\n * Short Story/Essay\n * Articles/Freelance\n * Memoir\n * Nonfiction\n * Poetry\n * Screenwriting\n * By Writing Goal\n\n * Get Published/Sell Your Work\n * Self-Publish\n * Build a Platform & Start Blogging\n * Promoting Your Work\n * Business Legal Matters\n * Overcoming Writer’s Block\n * Improve Writing Skills\n * Write an Article\n * Complete 1st Chapter\n * Complete 1st Draft\n * Write a Screenplay | ScriptMag\n * Sell a Script and Build a Screenwriting Career | ScriptMag\n * By Writing Level\n\n * Haven’t Written Anything Yet\n * At Work on First Draft\n * Completed Multiple Manuscripts\n * Published Author\n * Education\n\n * WD University\n * Screenwriters University\n * Writing Tutorials\n * Writing Webinars\n * Competitions\n\n * Writer’s Digest Annual\n * Self-Published Books\n * Self-Published Ebooks\n * Poetry\n * Short Short Story\n * Popular Fiction\n * Thriller/Suspense\n * Mystery/Crime\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\n * Horror\n * Romance\n * Young Adult Fiction\n * Your Story\n * Events\n\n * Writer’s Digest Annual Conference\n * Writer’s Digest Novel Writing Conference\n * Code of Conduct\n * Community\n\n * WD Forum\n * WD Author Exchange\n * The Writer’s Digest Podcast\n * Writer’s Digest Staff\n * Resources\n\n * Writing Prompts\n * Poetry Prompts\n * 2nd Draft Critique Service\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Critique Service\n * Free Writing Resources\n * Free Screenwriting Resources\n * Subscribe\n\n * Subscribe to WD Magazine\n * Renew Your Subscription\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * Digital Editions\n * WD Weekly Newsletter\n * WD Shop\n\n * Write Better Fiction\n * Write Better Nonfiction\n * Freelance Writing\n * Get Published\n * Bundles & Kits\n * Magazine Back Issues\n\n## Character Worksheets\n\nSubscribe to our FREE email newsletter and download free character development\nworksheets!\n\n# 7 Ways to Create a Killer Opening Line For Your Novel\n\nBy: Guest Column | January 9, 2014\n\nWriting the first line to your book is an incredibly daunting task. This is\nyour first opportunity to hook readers in. I remember writing and rewriting\nthe opening line to my humor book OH BOY, YOU’RE HAVING A GIRL over and over\nagain until I finally felt like I nailed it with this:\n\n> “If you’re a guy and you’ve opened this book, you either have a daughter,\n> are on the verge of having a daughter, or are in the delivery room hoping\n> that that sweet bundle of joy that just emerged from your wife somehow,\n> someway, spontaneously grow a penis. I am here to tell you: That almost\n> never happens.”\n\nIf you’re having trouble nailing your opening, you’re in luck: writer and WD\ncontributor Jacob M. Appel offers up seven different approaches to writing a\nkiller opening line (he includes examples from classic novels to accompany\neach, too). Here they are and they are worth bookmarking and referencing each\ntime you begin a story.\n\n## 1\\. A statement of eternal principle.\n\nThis technique is a staple of European classics. Think of Jane Austen’s Pride\nand Prejudice (“It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in\npossession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.”) and Leo Tolstoy’s\nAnna Karenina (“Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy\nin its own way.”). Of course, the story or novel you write must confirm the\nproposed principle. If it turned out that Mr. Darcy didn’t want to wed, or\nthat Anna was happily married, these openings would certainly leave readers\nwanting. (An excellent contemporary example is from Jane Hamilton’s The Book\nof Ruth: “What it begins with, I know finally, is the kernel of meanness in\npeople’s hearts. ...”)\n\n## 2\\. A statement of simple fact.\n\nThe entire weight of the narrative can sometimes be conveyed in a single\nstatement. Think of, “I had a farm in Africa” (Isak Dinesen’s Out of Africa)\nor, “It was a pleasure to burn” (Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451) or, “I am an\ninvisible man” (Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man). No gimmicks. No fireworks.\nJust—as Mr. Gradgrind demands in the opening line of Charles Dickens’ Hard\nTimes—the facts.\n\n## 3\\. A statement of paired facts.\n\nIn many cases, two facts combined are more powerful than either one on its\nown. The paradigmatic example is the opening line of Carson McCullers’ The\nHeart Is a Lonely Hunter: “In the town there were two mutes, and they were\nalways together.” A town with two mutes is not necessarily compelling, nor are\ntwo inseparable men. But a town with two inseparable mutes? Now that locks in\nour interest.\n\n## 4\\. A statement of simple fact laced with significance.\n\nBecause readers don’t read backward, it’s possible to bury a key piece of a\nstory in an opening so that, by the time it becomes relevant, the reader has\nforgotten it. Agatha Christie mysteries do this often. The key to solving the\ncrime in Murder on the Orient Express, for example, is embedded innocuously in\nthe opening sentence. So is the key to the heroine’s psyche in Margaret\nMitchell’s Gone With the Wind, the opening of which explains, “Scarlett O’Hara\nwas not beautiful. ...”\n\n## 5\\. A statement to introduce voice.\n\n“Lolita, light of my life, fire of my loins.” Vladimir Nabokov’s celebrated\nopening is not designed to convey characterization or plot, though both are\npresent, so much as to introduce his distinctive style. Anthony Burgess opens\nA Clockwork Orange (“What’s it going to be then, eh?”) without any plot,\ncharacterization or setting at all—merely the ominous voice that will\naccompany the reader through the text. Stories that begin with a highly\nunusual voice often withhold other craft elements for a few sentences—a\nreasonable choice, as the reader may need to adjust to a new form of language\nbefore being able to absorb much in the way of content.\n\n## 6\\. A statement to establish mood.\n\nContextual information not directly related to the story can often color our\nunderstanding of the coming narrative. Take Sylvia Plath’s opening to The Bell\nJar: “It was a queer, sultry summer, the summer they electrocuted the\nRosenbergs, and I didn’t know what I was doing in New York.” While the\nRosenberg execution has nothing to do with the content of the narrative, it\nsets an ominous tone for what follows.\n\n## 7\\. A statement that serves as a frame.\n\nSometimes, the best way to begin a story is to announce that you’re about to\ntell a story. English storytellers have been doing this since at least the\nfirst recorded use of the phrase “Once upon a time” in the 14th century. Mark\nTwain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn starts off this way, as does J.D.\nSalinger’s The Catcher in the Rye. After all, a brilliant opening can be as\nstraightforward as: “You are about to begin reading Italo Calvino’s new novel,\nIf on a Winter’s Night a Traveler ...” (which really does start exactly that\nway).\n\nThanks for visiting The Writer’s Dig blog. For more great writing advice,\nclick here.\n\n*********************************************************************************************************************************\n\nBrian A. Klems is the online editor of Writer’s Digest and author of the\npopular gift book Oh Boy, You’re Having a Girl: A Dad’s Survival Guide to\nRaising Daughters.\n\nFollow Brian on Twitter: @BrianKlems Sign up for Brian’s free Writer’s Digest\neNewsletter: WD Newsletter\n\nCATEGORIES The Writer's Dig\n\nTAGS Story Ideas\n\nRELATED POSTS The Science of Story Ideas: How to Awaken Your Brain’s Creative\nSuperpowers How to Fall in Love with the Writing Process: 6 Questions to Hone\nYour Creative Workflow Jaleigh Johnson: Improving Your Writing With Dungeons &\nDragons Begin from the Middle: How to Start Your Story In Medias Res Twice\nUpon a Time: 4 Reasons to Write Books Based on Classic Literature\n\n * #### Free Writing Resources\n\n * ### Writing Fiction: 5 Tips to Get More Creative\n\n * ### 10 Situation Starters to Beat Writer’s Block\n\n * ### Free Guide to Revision Techniques for Writers\n\n * ### Plot Development: Charts and Tips for Outlining and Plotting a Novel\n\n * ### NaNoWriMo Week 1 Cheat Sheet – Character Development\n\n * ### 14 Amateur Mistakes Every Writer Should Avoid\n\n * ### Grammar Rules – Debunking 10 Grammar (and Novel Writing) Myths\n\n * ### Why a Writer Without a Deadline Is Looking For Trouble\n\n * ### Writing the Travel Essay\n\n## 11 thoughts on “7 Ways to Create a Killer Opening Line For Your Novel”\n\n 1. KGPetrone September 18, 2017 at 9:13 am\n\nI actually took your advice and the difference in my opening line was amazing.\nIt went from: “Jennifer Hart was jolted awake by the phone screaming at 3:00\na.m. in the morning.” and was dramatically changed to: ” She tossed and\nturned, again having the, “Who am I and who are my biological parents’ dream,”\nwhen the phone’s reverberating ring ripped Jennifer Hart from her dreams.”\n\nSo honestly, which opening line would grab you to examine the book further?\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 2. Lilius July 17, 2015 at 7:52 am\n\nAwfully insightful, the examples give a great idea of what each line means. I\ngive you my thanks for helping the following line come to life. ‘Like most\ndays he would wonder when he started to feel Death in his bones.’\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 3. dudeguy101 January 1, 2015 at 9:38 am\n\nJesus H tap-dancing Christ! I mean... SERIOUSLY?! If you physically cannot\nstructure your own story, you are not fit to write a bloody stlry or anything\nlike that! In fact, I’m only on this stupid website so I can comment on things\nlike this and get you all to REALIZE that I’m actually right! Does anybody\nunderstand?! If you do, respond... quickly, please! I’m beggin’ on my knees\nfor somebody to just... understand and agree with me – because I’M SODDING\nRIGHT! >:(\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 1. Jporter61 September 8, 2015 at 7:03 pm\n\nSorry, but I can’t agree that you’re right. I had a writing professor at a\nmajor university that had no idea what novel writing structure is, but he\nwrote at least three bestselling novels in his life.\n\nAnd, by the way, what is a stiry?\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 4. landsmann September 23, 2014 at 8:45 pm\n\nDitto to the first two responders. Can’t wait to hear how “It was five o’clock\non a winter’s morning in Syria” will solve this particular murder mystery.\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 5. matthewsmaynard June 18, 2014 at 8:45 am\n\n“The last hour of life for Adam and Anne Philipson began at 3:04 in the\nafternoon on a Thursday in mid-December.” – an example of #2 from my first\nself-published novel, The Dragonslayers, Volume 1: The Righteous and the\nLawless. It started out as a very boring sentence, describing main character\nwalking down the street and only morphed into what it is now when my wife told\nme it was boring as hell. I decided to show his motivation instead of just\ntelling it piecemeal throughout the book and it seems to work beautifully.\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 6. Barbie April 22, 2014 at 7:10 pm\n\nNew to this form of expression (which follows my first preference: screaming,\nI’m writing a memoir which is many, too many, pronged. Nevertheless, I needed\nto begin somewhere, so I began with something close to the beginning: a three\nyear old girl taken on a bus by her mother, to live in an orphanage, that\nreality not known to her. (some surprise, no?) Lots of orphans in the era of\nWWII had mothers. Dads? Whole ‘nother story. My opening line: “Where we goin’,\nMama?” “You’ll see,” she replies.\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 7. laurenruiz05 January 15, 2014 at 11:28 am\n\nNo wonder I kept seeing links to this post all over Twitter. It’s\nwonderful–very insightful. A particularly unique piece of advice was the last\nline of #5, and #6 is a smart technique for sure.\n\nThanks!\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 8. LyndseyDavis January 10, 2014 at 3:39 pm\n\nI LOVE this. As a newish-writer, I wish I had read it months ago. My first\nline required 15 rewrites, before I ‘chanced’ or more accurately, honed it and\nwrote a first sentence in the #4 category. I’m meeting with my writer’s group\nthis weekend, and I am definitely passing this along to them. Thanks for\nsharing. Lyn\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 9. Chautona January 10, 2014 at 3:36 pm\n\nGreat article. I loved the breakdown. I am dying to know, however, how you get\nthe key to solving Murder on the Orient Express in the opening line. I was so\nexcited to go check it and I feel like a dunce. I would really appreciate you\nsharing with us on that one!\n\nChautona\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 1. Becky January 10, 2014 at 7:49 pm\n\nI agree. I don’t understand this either. How does the opening line bury a key\npiece of evidence? I would love the answer to this also. 🙂\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n### COMMENT Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n### WD Annual Conference\n\nREGISTER\n\n## Join us in NYC for #WDC19!\n\nThe Writer’s Digest Annual Conference offers everything you need to advance\nyour writing career creatively and professionally. Gain invaluable tips to\nimprove your craft, explore publishing options and learn how to establish a\nsustainable career. 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All rights reserved.\n\n" } ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.techlicious.com/how-to/never-miss-an-important-email-on-your-smartphone/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419224214/https://www.techlicious.com/how-to/never-miss-an-important-email-on-your-smartphone/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Never Miss an Important Email on Your Smartphone", "passages": [ "Techlicious editors independently review products. To help support our mission, we may earn affiliate commissions from links contained on this page.", "In today's always connected world, it's expected that you will get an email as soon as someone has sent it. But with all the junk, spam and unimportant messages from people you know, it's too much of a hassle to sort through it all every time you check your mail app.", "Fortunately, you can set your phone's email apps to flag emails from certain senders as important and notify you immediately. Read on to find out how to set your smartphone to keep you on top of important emails.", "Your iOS device comes equipped with a default email app called Mail. You can set it to check your incoming email from many popular email services such Gmail, Yahoo and Microsoft Outlook.", "You will see a list of popular email services to choose from. Pick one or, if you don't see yours, choose Other.", "Follow the directions for each service you want to add, but generally, you'll have to provide the name the email is registered under, the email address (john.doe@gmail.com), the password and a description so you can identify it in a list next to other email accounts you may have set up in Mail.", "Once set up, open the Mail app, choose the email account from the list that appears and make sure it has synched.", "Once it's set up you can then use Apple's Mail app to set up a VIP list. A special message tone will sound off so you're well aware of every important email that comes in that is flagged as from a VIP. To add email addresses to the VIP list:", "Select VIP (if you already have contacts designated as VIP, tap the i in the circle next to VIP )", "Make sure any mail from a VIP appears as an alert on your screen, a notification on your Lock screen and as a custom alert tone:", "Under Alert Style, choose whether you want Banners, which automatically go away or Notifications, which require you to act before they disappear. Then select from the following options:", "Your Android device comes equipped with a default email app called Email. You can set it to check your incoming email from any email service that supports POP3, IMAP or Microsoft Exchange, which means just about any service. To set up your email:", "Input your email address and password. The app will try to set up your email automatically, which should work for most email providers. If that fails, you’ll need to manually configure it with your POP3, IMAP or Microsoft Exchange ActiveSync settings. Your email provider will be able to provide those.", "Enter the email address for anyone you want to add to the list or select the person from your Contacts address book", "Gmail allows you to set up filters so important emails that come in are auto- labeled and auto-starred, say emails from your boss. Once you set that up, you can then tell your phone to only notify when an email with a certain label arrives and ignore the rest.", "The first step is setting up the important email to be auto-labeled and you can't do this on your phone. You'll need to access Gmail on a desktop or laptop machine.", "On the upper right-hand corner of the email to the right of the date stamp of the email, you'll see a downward pointing arrow. Click on that and choose the \"Filter Messages Like This\" option.", "The sender of the message will autofill into the form. Click the \"Create filter with this search\" link at the bottom of the box.", "Click on the gear icon in the upper right corner of your Gmail inbox and choose Settings from the drop-down", "Type in the email address from the sender you want to be flagged. Click the \"Create filter with this search\" link at the bottom of the box.", "You will be asked to Sync the mail for that label to your phone to enable notifications. Tap the sync message, then choose 30 days from the list of sync options.", "On this page, you can also customize the sound, set it to Vibrate and enable the phone to play sound/vibrate when each new message arrives.", "Hit the back button and check your other labels to make sure notifications are not turned on (\"notify once\" will appear under the label). By default, your Primary inbox at the top of the list is synced to notify, so you'll want to tap that and then uncheck the \"Label notifications\" checkbox.", "For instance, I have an Android phone and only a token Gmail account (to allow access to Google Play for apps and things like that). For email purposes, I have 3 apps—the built-in Email account, one from my main provider, and one from Yahoo for the account I use for listservs. It might have been good to see more info that I could use to manage those.", "Thank you Suzanne Kantra for writing this very useful information. It worked for me. Piece of cake. I have to admit at first I was skeptical because it appeared to be so long and complicated but I trusted the artical because Central Casting recommended it and I kept following the instructions and when I got to the end, it was done. Just like what it said it would do. So thank you again for the perfectly written instructions on how to get notified from “Your Boss”.", "The Gmail app on android can be used for accounts other than Gmail. And the Gmail app is the only app I’ve ever found that will notify based on labels, not just senders or globally.", "Yes, this us an old thread, but I got here looking for an app other than the Gmail one that notifies by label, but there aren’t any. So, posting this for other wanderers that get here.", "Samsung device owners are in luck with the proprietary Email app that comes loaded on Samsung devices (I’ve confirmed for Android 4.3 and 4.4). You can set up Samsung’s Email app to just notify you when you get email from people you designate as Priority Senders. I’ve added instructions on how to designate Priority Senders to the post.", "Also, for HTC device owners, you can add people to groups, using the People app. Then within HTC’s proprietary Email app, you can view all email from members of any given group. You can’t set up separate notifications, though. Hope this helps.", "Hi Suzanne..... Hope you can help me out.... I need an Android app like eNotify! that will synch my corporate email using active synch. Its gotta be customizable to fire rules when certain subject keywords met. eNotify developer told me their product wont work with Active synch and that’s my only option according to my IT admin.", "1. App must work with Exchange Active Sync to sync with Corporate email client 2. App must allow custom trigger setup to fire alerts on subject line keywords 3. Using Android 5.1.1 on my Samsung Grand Prime Model SM-G530t 4. Must support SSL", "thank you so much for the step-by-step break down of how to do this on the gmail app! I would’ve never figured it out on my own!!", "Great. I never thank you techies for helping me out, but this time I cannot thank you enough. You have enabled me to take off my phone the last piece of Microsoft rubbish. Thank you thank you thank you. Using Samsung Mail app now. Absolute breeze compared to Outlook.", "I think the best way to do VIP email alerts, for any type of email account, on both iOS and Android is to use an app called eNotify. It gives far more options and flexibility than what you’ll find baked into the phone.", "I do not understand most of the words in these instructions. I can’t find an app called ‘mail’ on my Samsung phone. There is an Email app and a big M app which I think is gmail but otherwise find nothing directing me to an app called ‘mail’.", "I’m often online in my computer so rarely check email via mobile, but I am glad to be able to read this article", "I think the best way to do VIP email is with 3rd party apps. There are quite a few for Android and iOS, but the one I use is called eNotify. It gives you the same capabilities as the old BlackBerry tier 1 support.", "• Override phone’s silent profile with ‘Godzilla Roar’ email alert my wife emails • Only play an email alert between 8am and 7pm Monday to Friday • When yahoo finance emails a stock quote read it aloud with a text to speech email alert • Repeat the email alert sound until cancelled when the email is from my accountant", "OK so I can change the sound of a notification for an email from my boss but how does that stop me missing it????", "I want the phone to play a sound every few minutes until I acknowledge that I have seen the notification.", "thank you so much for the step-by-step break down of how to do this on the gmail app! I would’ve never figured it out on my own!!", "The goal is for 24/7 workers that get a particular email to be notified, potentially while they’re sleeping, about a 24/7 incident email.", "You could try this IFTTT recipe that calls a phone number when an email from a specific user comes in. Works for Gmail. https://ifttt.com/recipes/408617-call-phone-for-important-email", "IFTTT will work outside the US, but certain things may not work or may require slightly different formatting (e.g., how you enter your phone number). For example, in India you may need to enter your phone number as 00910. If you can’t get something to work correctly, try Googling IFTTT and your country name to see what others have done or contact the IFTTT community at .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address).", "I followed the steps exactly but I’m having soooooooo much trouble getting it to work. I’ve spent hours on the phone with LG, T Mobil, and Google support. Please help!", "Horseshit advice... Just use Blue Mail (Also known as True Mail) Works great on every Android phone I have had and accepts ALL email providers. For Windows, tower and notebook I use Post Box, best Windows email program out there.", "I just put the “game of throne’s shame nun” ringtone to my credit card’s purchase alert emails, and can’t stop laughing.", "Some weeks back I stopped receiving push notifications on my Android phone of new Gmail messages. I had been using my Gmail account specifically to receive and forward voicemail in near-real-time, so this situation was a show stopper.", "I had found no joy by searching for solutions online, just the company of other Gmail users suddenly and mysteriously bereft of their notifications.", "In the Gmail app, you have to scroll all the way to the bottom of the menu to get to Setting.", "On my new android the email notification icon goes away as soon as I enter gmail, even of I don’t read the new email. is there anyway to stop this and keep the email notification icon around until the email is actually read??", "This was a waste of time. Google removed the feature that allowed for custom sounds via label with their Nougat update. This is absolute garbage.", "Custom sound for specific label feature was removed. It was extremely important for me and now I miss jobs that are sent to my email, since I have to reply to job messages as soon as I get them and I don’t know who sends these messages because the sound is the same for all received emails.", "Hello had you resolve your problem about custom sounds for different labels? Believe me I know how important it is to have different sounds for different emails or text messages. Depending on what kind of phone you have I may be able to help you. I bought a Google pixel took a back then do what I need it to do $50 restocking fee then I got a Galaxy S9 took a back know the 50 gallery stocking feet because it didn’t do what I wondered you or at least I didn’t think it did. To make a long story short I ended up with the Samsung Galaxy A50. And that phone can put so many different tones to so many different labels. I can put as specific ringtone for a person I can put a specific ringtone for that person’s text message. I have 2 email addresses. I can put a different tone to my Gmail then I can put a different tone to my Juno email. and it also has the Vip to put a tone to. If you still need help get back to this and I can give you some more detailed instructions on how to do it.", "Only gmail accounts can have labels applied. Gmail app does not allow different sounds by sender or other filters for non-gmail accounts. Thunderbird was the only app that did this on Android and it is no longer available.", "Can you add more than VIP notification in the email app., not the Gmail app? Because I have tried to add a second Vip but says no results found. then I went to contacts to try to add 1 from contacts and continues to say no results found.", "Oh my, thank you SO much for this. I just set up a VIP account on my iPhone, and it was so easy! You just saved me $300 bucks that a company wanted to charge me to get SMS text alerts. Now I can just have their emails alert me right away on my phone! You’re the best, thanks! And I’m a Tech Ditz!! Have a great day, Gina", "Techlicious participates in affiliate programs, including the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, which provide a small commission from some, but not all, of the \"click-thru to buy\" links contained in our articles. These click- thru links are determined after the article has been written, based on price and product availability — the commissions do not impact our choice of recommended product, nor the price you pay. When you use these links, you help support our ongoing editorial mission to provide you with the best product recommendations." ] }, "parsed_md": "Never Miss an Important Email on Your Smartphone - Techlicious\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\n### Techlicious - tech made simple\n\n * ReviewsChoose It\n * Tips & How toUse It\n * DealsDeals\n\n * Home\n * Browse Topics\n * Latest News\n * Techlicious Top Picks\n * Reviews\n * How-Tos\n * Deals\n\nTech Made Simple\n\nHot Topics: How to Fix Bluetooth Pairing Problems | Complete Guide to Facebook\nPrivacy | How to Block Spam Calls | Can an iPhone be Hacked?\n\n## Use It\n\n# Never Miss an Important Email on Your Smartphone\n\nby Suzanne Kantra on March 19, 2018 in Time Savers, Phones and Mobile, Mobile\nApps, Android Apps, iPhone/iPad Apps, Software & Games, Productivity, Tips &\nHow-Tos :: 44 comments\n\nTechlicious editors independently review products. To help support our\nmission, we may earn affiliate commissions from links contained on this page.\n\nIn today's always connected world, it's expected that you will get an email as\nsoon as someone has sent it. But with all the junk, spam and unimportant\nmessages from people you know, it's too much of a hassle to sort through it\nall every time you check your mail app.\n\nFortunately, you can set your phone's email apps to flag emails from certain\nsenders as important and notify you immediately. Read on to find out how to\nset your smartphone to keep you on top of important emails.\n\n## For iPhone or iPad Running iOS 11: Use the Mail app\n\nYour iOS device comes equipped with a default email app called Mail. You can\nset it to check your incoming email from many popular email services such\nGmail, Yahoo and Microsoft Outlook.\n\n 1. Open the Settings app\n 2. Scroll down until you find the \"Accounts & Passwords\" option and tap it\n 3. Under Accounts, tap Add Account\n 4. You will see a list of popular email services to choose from. Pick one or, if you don't see yours, choose Other.\n 5. Follow the directions for each service you want to add, but generally, you'll have to provide the name the email is registered under, the email address (john.doe@gmail.com), the password and a description so you can identify it in a list next to other email accounts you may have set up in Mail.\n 6. Once set up, open the Mail app, choose the email account from the list that appears and make sure it has synched.\n\nOnce it's set up you can then use Apple's Mail app to set up a VIP list. A\nspecial message tone will sound off so you're well aware of every important\nemail that comes in that is flagged as from a VIP. To add email addresses to\nthe VIP list:\n\n 1. Open the Mail app\n 2. Find an email with a sender that you want to mark as a VIP\n 3. Tap on the email address of a sender\n 4. Tap Add to VIP\n\nAlternately:\n\n 1. Go to the Mail app's home screen\n 2. Select VIP (if you already have contacts designated as VIP, tap the i in the circle next to VIP )\n 3. Tap on Add VIP...\n 4. Choose a name from your contact list\n\nMake sure any mail from a VIP appears as an alert on your screen, a\nnotification on your Lock screen and as a custom alert tone:\n\n * Launch the Settings app\n * Select Mail\n * Tap on Notifications\n * Tap on VIP\n\nUnder Alert Style, choose whether you want Banners, which automatically go\naway or Notifications, which require you to act before they disappear. Then\nselect from the following options:\n\n 1. \"Show on Lock Screen\"\n 2. Select Sound for a custom auditory alert (or choose none for a silent alert)\n 3. \"Show Previews\" to see part of the email in your notifications\n\n## For Samsung devices: Use the Email app\n\nYour Android device comes equipped with a default email app called Email. You\ncan set it to check your incoming email from any email service that supports\nPOP3, IMAP or Microsoft Exchange, which means just about any service. To set\nup your email:\n\n 1. Open the Email app\n 2. Select Menu\n 3. Select Settings (the gear icon)\n 4. Add account\n 5. Input your email address and password. The app will try to set up your email automatically, which should work for most email providers. If that fails, you’ll need to manually configure it with your POP3, IMAP or Microsoft Exchange ActiveSync settings. Your email provider will be able to provide those.\n\nTo add VIP\n\n 1. Go back to Settings and select Notifications\n 2. Turn on email notifications for VIPs\n 3. Tap on \"Notification Sound\" and \"Vibrations\" to customize the alert\n 4. Go back to the main menu\n 5. Select VIP\n 6. Select the + button\n 7. Enter the email address for anyone you want to add to the list or select the person from your Contacts address book\n 8. Now when a contact you’ve designated as a VIP emails you, you’ll receive an alert.\n\n## For other Android devices: Use the Gmail app\n\nGmail allows you to set up filters so important emails that come in are auto-\nlabeled and auto-starred, say emails from your boss. Once you set that up, you\ncan then tell your phone to only notify when an email with a certain label\narrives and ignore the rest.\n\nThe first step is setting up the important email to be auto-labeled and you\ncan't do this on your phone. You'll need to access Gmail on a desktop or\nlaptop machine.\n\n 1. Point your browser to gmail.com and sign in.\n 2. Find an email from someone you want to be alerted about and open that message\n 3. On the upper right-hand corner of the email to the right of the date stamp of the email, you'll see a downward pointing arrow. Click on that and choose the \"Filter Messages Like This\" option.\n 4. The sender of the message will autofill into the form. Click the \"Create filter with this search\" link at the bottom of the box.\n 5. Check the \"Apply the label:\" box.\n 6. Click on the \"Choose Label\" drop down and choose \"New Label\"\n 7. In the pop-up box that appears, give the label a name such as \"The Boss\" and click on \"Create\"\n 8. This will bring you back to the \"Apply the label:\" box. At the bottom click Create Filter.\n\nAlternately:\n\n 1. Click on the gear icon in the upper right corner of your Gmail inbox and choose Settings from the drop-down\n 2. Click on the Filter tab\n 3. Scroll to the bottom of the Filter list and click on \"Create a new filter\"\n 4. Type in the email address from the sender you want to be flagged. Click the \"Create filter with this search\" link at the bottom of the box.\n 5. Check the \"Apply the label:\" box.\n 6. Click on the \"Choose Label\" drop down and choose \"New Label\"\n 7. In the pop-up box that appears, give the label a name such as \"The Boss\" and click on \"Create\"\n 8. This will bring you back to the \"Apply the label:\" box. At the bottom click Create Filter.\n\nNow to set up your Android phone to notify when an email comes in that falls\nunder that label.\n\n 1. Open up the Gmail app\n 2. Tap on the upper left corner and then on Settings\n 3. Select the email account where you're receiving important email\n 4. Make sure Notifications is checked\n 5. Scroll down and tap on \"Manage labels\"\n 6. Scroll down your list of labels to find the one you just created and tap on it\n 7. You will be asked to Sync the mail for that label to your phone to enable notifications. Tap the sync message, then choose 30 days from the list of sync options.\n 8. After it is done syncing, you will see a notification screen. Tap on the \"Label notifications\" check box.\n 9. On this page, you can also customize the sound, set it to Vibrate and enable the phone to play sound/vibrate when each new message arrives.\n 10. Hit the back button and check your other labels to make sure notifications are not turned on (\"notify once\" will appear under the label). By default, your Primary inbox at the top of the list is synced to notify, so you'll want to tap that and then uncheck the \"Label notifications\" checkbox.\n\nCongratulations. You are now set up to be alerted as soon as an important\nemail arrives!\n\nUpdated on 3/19/2018 with new instructions\n\n[email notification on smartphone image via Shutterstock]\n\n## Discussion\n\n### Not everyone on Android uses Gmail!\n\nFrom Q on March 24, 2014 :: 10:59 am\n\nI felt that just focusing on the Gmail app for Android leaves some users in\nthe lurch.\n\nFor instance, I have an Android phone and only a token Gmail account (to allow\naccess to Google Play for apps and things like that). For email purposes, I\nhave 3 apps—the built-in Email account, one from my main provider, and one\nfrom Yahoo for the account I use for listservs. It might have been good to see\nmore info that I could use to manage those.\n\nReply\n\n### Nominal gmail user too\n\nFrom Socialbill on May 07, 2016 :: 11:50 am\n\nI agree. The advice is pretty useless. I guess I will try an outside app.\n\nReply\n\n### NOT USELESS...GREAT INFO!\n\nFrom Diane on March 24, 2021 :: 12:22 pm\n\nThank you Suzanne Kantra for writing this very useful information. It worked\nfor me. Piece of cake. I have to admit at first I was skeptical because it\nappeared to be so long and complicated but I trusted the artical because\nCentral Casting recommended it and I kept following the instructions and when\nI got to the end, it was done. Just like what it said it would do. So thank\nyou again for the perfectly written instructions on how to get notified from\n“Your Boss”.\n\nReply\n\n### Gmail app\n\nFrom Timbered on November 14, 2018 :: 2:36 pm\n\nThe Gmail app on android can be used for accounts other than Gmail. And the\nGmail app is the only app I’ve ever found that will notify based on labels,\nnot just senders or globally.\n\nYes, this us an old thread, but I got here looking for an app other than the\nGmail one that notifies by label, but there aren’t any. So, posting this for\nother wanderers that get here.\n\nReply\n\n### Samsung device owners are in\n\nFrom Suzanne Kantra on March 24, 2014 :: 2:07 pm\n\nSamsung device owners are in luck with the proprietary Email app that comes\nloaded on Samsung devices (I’ve confirmed for Android 4.3 and 4.4). You can\nset up Samsung’s Email app to just notify you when you get email from people\nyou designate as Priority Senders. I’ve added instructions on how to designate\nPriority Senders to the post.\n\nAlso, for HTC device owners, you can add people to groups, using the People\napp. Then within HTC’s proprietary Email app, you can view all email from\nmembers of any given group. You can’t set up separate notifications, though.\nHope this helps.\n\nReply\n\n### Need email app that works with Active Synch\n\nFrom Chris B. on August 17, 2016 :: 10:39 am\n\nHi Suzanne..... Hope you can help me out.... I need an Android app like\neNotify! that will synch my corporate email using active synch. Its gotta be\ncustomizable to fire rules when certain subject keywords met. eNotify\ndeveloper told me their product wont work with Active synch and that’s my only\noption according to my IT admin.\n\n1\\. App must work with Exchange Active Sync to sync with Corporate email\nclient 2. App must allow custom trigger setup to fire alerts on subject line\nkeywords 3. Using Android 5.1.1 on my Samsung Grand Prime Model SM-G530t 4.\nMust support SSL\n\nReply\n\n### great step-by-step thank you!!!\n\nFrom Katie Seternus on February 11, 2015 :: 9:55 pm\n\nthank you so much for the step-by-step break down of how to do this on the\ngmail app! I would’ve never figured it out on my own!!\n\nReply\n\n### Thaaaanks\n\nFrom Craig Cheetham on June 03, 2015 :: 5:29 am\n\nGreat. I never thank you techies for helping me out, but this time I cannot\nthank you enough. You have enabled me to take off my phone the last piece of\nMicrosoft rubbish. Thank you thank you thank you. Using Samsung Mail app now.\nAbsolute breeze compared to Outlook.\n\nReply\n\n### Glad we could help\n\nFrom Suzanne Kantra on June 03, 2015 :: 10:53 am\n\nThanks for letting us know! So glad we could help!\n\nReply\n\n### Nice info\n\nFrom Ricky firmansyah on June 05, 2015 :: 5:25 am\n\nvery useful information and help thank you very much frequent knowledge\n\nReply\n\n### VIP Email\n\nFrom Glen Cook on July 22, 2015 :: 6:57 am\n\nI think the best way to do VIP email alerts, for any type of email account, on\nboth iOS and Android is to use an app called eNotify. It gives far more\noptions and flexibility than what you’ll find baked into the phone.\n\nReply\n\n### Too complicated\n\nFrom jerry carlton on August 13, 2015 :: 9:46 am\n\nI do not understand most of the words in these instructions. I can’t find an\napp called ‘mail’ on my Samsung phone. There is an Email app and a big M app\nwhich I think is gmail but otherwise find nothing directing me to an app\ncalled ‘mail’.\n\nReply\n\n### your explain easy to understand\n\nFrom Abu Kholid on November 24, 2015 :: 4:24 am\n\nI’m often online in my computer so rarely check email via mobile, but I am\nglad to be able to read this article\n\nRegards Abu Kholid\n\nReply\n\n### The way I do it\n\nFrom Glenn Maurice Chavez on December 08, 2015 :: 7:50 am\n\nI think the best way to do VIP email is with 3rd party apps. There are quite a\nfew for Android and iOS, but the one I use is called eNotify. It gives you the\nsame capabilities as the old BlackBerry tier 1 support.\n\n• Override phone’s silent profile with ‘Godzilla Roar’ email alert my wife\nemails • Only play an email alert between 8am and 7pm Monday to Friday • When\nyahoo finance emails a stock quote read it aloud with a text to speech email\nalert • Repeat the email alert sound until cancelled when the email is from my\naccountant\n\nBy using this method, you gain complete control over every nuisance of VIP\nemail.\n\nReply\n\n### very good\n\nFrom jumansyah akbar on March 08, 2016 :: 3:25 am\n\nI liked the way you gave the presentation.\n\nReply\n\n### How does that stop me missing the email?\n\nFrom Dave on March 12, 2016 :: 7:54 am\n\nOK so I can change the sound of a notification for an email from my boss but\nhow does that stop me missing it????\n\nI want the phone to play a sound every few minutes until I acknowledge that I\nhave seen the notification.\n\nThat would stop me missing it.\n\nany ideas?\n\nReply\n\n### great step-by-step thank you!!!\n\nFrom blogmuz on March 12, 2016 :: 12:08 pm\n\nthank you so much for the step-by-step break down of how to do this on the\ngmail app! I would’ve never figured it out on my own!!\n\nReply\n\n### Alert Until Read\n\nFrom John on April 15, 2016 :: 9:48 am\n\nIs there an app that will alert you, preferably louder and louder, until that\nemail is read?\n\nThe goal is for 24/7 workers that get a particular email to be notified,\npotentially while they’re sleeping, about a 24/7 incident email.\n\nReply\n\n### repeated alert alarm until read\n\nFrom marcel de grisse on May 15, 2018 :: 9:34 am\n\neNotify (play store, android google) triangle with exlamation mark, email\nalerts tab on that.\n\nReply\n\n### You could try this IFTTT\n\nFrom Suzanne Kantra on April 15, 2016 :: 10:13 am\n\nYou could try this IFTTT recipe that calls a phone number when an email from a\nspecific user comes in. Works for Gmail.\nhttps://ifttt.com/recipes/408617-call-phone-for-important-email\n\nReply\n\n### Thanks!\n\nFrom John on April 15, 2016 :: 10:27 am\n\nThanks for the information! I’ll check this out.\n\nThanks again!\n\nReply\n\n### What about non-US residents?\n\nFrom Khubaib on July 26, 2016 :: 10:43 am\n\nHi what is the alternative of IFTTT for non-US residents. because that service\nonly supports US phone numbers\n\nReply\n\n### Works outside US, too\n\nFrom Josh Kirschner on July 29, 2016 :: 9:47 am\n\nIFTTT will work outside the US, but certain things may not work or may require\nslightly different formatting (e.g., how you enter your phone number). For\nexample, in India you may need to enter your phone number as\n00910<Yourmobilenumber>. If you can’t get something to work correctly, try\nGoogling IFTTT and your country name to see what others have done or contact\nthe IFTTT community at .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email\naddress).\n\nReply\n\n### Thanks\n\nFrom Ray Treacy on April 26, 2016 :: 3:47 am\n\nGood instructions as I kept missing an email that required prompt action.\n\nReply\n\n### Can't figure out why this isn't working\n\nFrom Stacy on July 08, 2016 :: 8:12 pm\n\nI followed the steps exactly but I’m having soooooooo much trouble getting it\nto work. I’ve spent hours on the phone with LG, T Mobil, and Google support.\nPlease help!\n\nReply\n\n### Blue Mail\n\nFrom James E Bailey on July 10, 2016 :: 10:12 am\n\nHorseshit advice... Just use Blue Mail (Also known as True Mail) Works great\non every Android phone I have had and accepts ALL email providers. For\nWindows, tower and notebook I use Post Box, best Windows email program out\nthere.\n\nReply\n\n### HiPlease help me outHow to\n\nFrom Abhishek on August 18, 2016 :: 11:31 pm\n\nHi Please help me out How to set gmail label diffrent notifications for\ndiffrent labels in Lumia950\n\nReply\n\n### I too would have never figured this out\n\nFrom Larry on January 17, 2017 :: 7:31 pm\n\nThanks a bunch!\n\nReply\n\n### http://www.allaboutappleblog.com/\n\nFrom MOHCINE ARIANI on March 18, 2017 :: 9:29 am\n\nThanks for this detailed tutorial , your help is much appreciated\n\nReply\n\n### Thanks\n\nFrom Adri on July 07, 2017 :: 4:32 pm\n\nI just put the “game of throne’s shame nun” ringtone to my credit card’s\npurchase alert emails, and can’t stop laughing.\n\nThank you for this.\n\nReply\n\n### Thank you. . .\n\nFrom kiwigander on October 28, 2017 :: 10:11 pm\n\nfor a well-expressed solution.\n\nSome weeks back I stopped receiving push notifications on my Android phone of\nnew Gmail messages. I had been using my Gmail account specifically to receive\nand forward voicemail in near-real-time, so this situation was a show stopper.\n\nI had found no joy by searching for solutions online, just the company of\nother Gmail users suddenly and mysteriously bereft of their notifications.\n\nYour advice has worked right off the bat. Fingers crossed that it continues to\ndo so.\n\nReply\n\n### gmail\n\nFrom Greg Larsen on December 17, 2017 :: 12:56 pm\n\nOn my Android,the menu does not have ‘settings’\n\nReply\n\n### Scroll down\n\nFrom Josh Kirschner on December 18, 2017 :: 11:53 am\n\nIn the Gmail app, you have to scroll all the way to the bottom of the menu to\nget to Setting.\n\nReply\n\n### Thanks!\n\nFrom Mohit on December 21, 2017 :: 2:25 am\n\nThank You! I could never figured this out on my own.\n\nReply\n\n### weird email question\n\nFrom Mike on January 04, 2018 :: 2:38 am\n\nOn my new android the email notification icon goes away as soon as I enter\ngmail, even of I don’t read the new email. is there anyway to stop this and\nkeep the email notification icon around until the email is actually read??\n\nReply\n\n### Can I receive VIP emails also or just alerts\n\nFrom Aru on January 20, 2018 :: 4:13 pm\n\nCan I receive VIP emails in the GMAIl account also or just alerts come?\n\nReply\n\n### Me la como y que?\n\nFrom Jose on March 30, 2018 :: 4:31 am\n\nSoy gil!\n\nReply\n\n### Ok\n\nFrom Kuldeep Singh on May 13, 2018 :: 5:38 am\n\nOk\n\nReply\n\n### CANNOT CUSTOMIZE SOUND\n\nFrom Aaron Raines on July 06, 2018 :: 12:26 pm\n\nThis was a waste of time. Google removed the feature that allowed for custom\nsounds via label with their Nougat update. This is absolute garbage.\n\nReply\n\n### Feature removed\n\nFrom Paulo Henrique on December 13, 2018 :: 9:39 am\n\nCustom sound for specific label feature was removed. It was extremely\nimportant for me and now I miss jobs that are sent to my email, since I have\nto reply to job messages as soon as I get them and I don’t know who sends\nthese messages because the sound is the same for all received emails.\n\nReply\n\n### Custom sounds for specific labels\n\nFrom Rosemarie Chavez on July 20, 2019 :: 10:12 pm\n\nHello had you resolve your problem about custom sounds for different labels?\nBelieve me I know how important it is to have different sounds for different\nemails or text messages. Depending on what kind of phone you have I may be\nable to help you. I bought a Google pixel took a back then do what I need it\nto do $50 restocking fee then I got a Galaxy S9 took a back know the 50\ngallery stocking feet because it didn’t do what I wondered you or at least I\ndidn’t think it did. To make a long story short I ended up with the Samsung\nGalaxy A50. And that phone can put so many different tones to so many\ndifferent labels. I can put as specific ringtone for a person I can put a\nspecific ringtone for that person’s text message. I have 2 email addresses. I\ncan put a different tone to my Gmail then I can put a different tone to my\nJuno email. and it also has the Vip to put a tone to. If you still need help\nget back to this and I can give you some more detailed instructions on how to\ndo it.\n\nReply\n\n### Label alerts\n\nFrom Craig H on June 12, 2019 :: 2:03 pm\n\nOnly gmail accounts can have labels applied. Gmail app does not allow\ndifferent sounds by sender or other filters for non-gmail accounts.\nThunderbird was the only app that did this on Android and it is no longer\navailable.\n\nReply\n\n### More than one VIP notification\n\nFrom Rosemarie Chavez on July 20, 2019 :: 10:02 pm\n\nCan you add more than VIP notification in the email app., not the Gmail app?\nBecause I have tried to add a second Vip but says no results found. then I\nwent to contacts to try to add 1 from contacts and continues to say no results\nfound.\n\nReply\n\n### OMG - THANK YOU!!!\n\nFrom Gina on February 13, 2020 :: 7:26 pm\n\nOh my, thank you SO much for this. I just set up a VIP account on my iPhone,\nand it was so easy! You just saved me $300 bucks that a company wanted to\ncharge me to get SMS text alerts. Now I can just have their emails alert me\nright away on my phone! You’re the best, thanks! And I’m a Tech Ditz!! Have a\ngreat day, Gina\n\nReply\n\nLeave a Comment Here\n\n## Our Latest Reviews\n\n * #### Review of the Ring Video Doorbell 3 Plus Ring Video Doorbell 3 Plus\n\n * #### Review of the Fossil Gen 5 LTE Smartwatch Fossil Gen 5 LTE Smartwartch\n\n * #### Review of the Nuheara IQbuds2 Max Nuheara IQbuds2 Max\n\n * #### The Best TV Under $1,000 TCL 6-Series (model 65R635)\n\n * #### Review of the Samsung Galaxy Buds Pro Samsung Galaxy Buds Pro\n\n## New Articles on Techlicious\n\n * #### How to Host a Netflix Watch Party\n\n * #### Roku Solves Two Annoying TV Remote Problems\n\n * #### How to Get Better Wi-Fi\n\n * #### How to Delete iPhone Search History\n\n * #### Samsung Galaxy A52 5G Delivers High-End Features for Under $500\n\n * #### Review of the Ring Video Doorbell 3 Plus\n\n * #### How to Tell if Your Facebook Information Was Leaked\n\n * #### How to Change Your Email Address\n\nHome | About | Meet the Team | Contact Us Media Kit | Newsletter Sponsorships\nNewsletter Archive Terms of Use | Privacy & Cookie Policy\n\nTechlicious participates in affiliate programs, including the Amazon Services\nLLC Associates Program, which provide a small commission from some, but not\nall, of the \"click-thru to buy\" links contained in our articles. These click-\nthru links are determined after the article has been written, based on price\nand product availability — the commissions do not impact our choice of\nrecommended product, nor the price you pay. When you use these links, you help\nsupport our ongoing editorial mission to provide you with the best product\nrecommendations.\n\n© Techlicious LLC.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.powerball.com:80/players/musl_signup.asp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180207000959/http://www.powerball.com:80/players/musl_signup.asp", "parsed_text": { "title": "Welcome to Powerball", "passages": [ "| | Mega Millions | Hot Lotto | Wildcard | 2by2 | MegaHits | All or Nothing | Lotto America", "| All winning tickets must be redeemed in the state/jurisdiction in which they are sold. Copyright© Multi-State Lottery Association. All Rights Reserved." ] }, "parsed_md": "Welcome to Powerball\n\n| | Mega Millions | Hot Lotto | Wildcard | 2by2 | MegaHits | All or Nothing |\nLotto America \n--- \n| $ 165 Million $ 99.7 Million Cash Value \n--- \n|\n\nSign up to have the winning numbers sent directly to your e-mail address. \n \n--- \n|\n\nMUSL | Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions | Trademarks | Best Viewed \n \n--- \n| All winning tickets must be redeemed in the state/jurisdiction in which they\nare sold. Copyright© Multi-State Lottery Association. All Rights Reserved. \n---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.powerball.com:80/players/pb_club.asp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180302005317/http://www.powerball.com:80/players/pb_club.asp", "parsed_text": { "title": "Welcome to Powerball!", "passages": [ "| | Mega Millions | Hot Lotto | Wildcard | 2by2 | MegaHits | All or Nothing | Lotto America", "| Sign up for our free e-mail list! Keep up with the winning numbers and where the jackpot is headed? We send an e-mail to all subscribers after each drawing.", "If you decide you no longer wish to receive messages from us, this is the place to go. You can unsubscribe at anytime.", "| All winning tickets must be redeemed in the state/jurisdiction in which they are sold. Copyright© Multi-State Lottery Association. All Rights Reserved." ] }, "parsed_md": "Welcome to Powerball!\n\n| | Mega Millions | Hot Lotto | Wildcard | 2by2 | MegaHits | All or Nothing |\nLotto America \n--- \n| $ 321 Million $ 189 Million Cash Value \n--- \n|\n\nSign up to have the winning numbers sent directly to your e-mail address. \n \n--- \n|\n\nE-Mail Signup \n \n--- \n| Sign up for our free e-mail list! Keep up with the winning numbers and where\nthe jackpot is headed? We send an e-mail to all subscribers after each\ndrawing. \n--- \nHave a question about your information or this service? Check out our policy. \n--- \nIf you decide you no longer wish to receive messages from us, this is the\nplace to go. You can unsubscribe at anytime. \n--- \n|\n\nMUSL | Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions | Trademarks | Best Viewed \n \n--- \n| All winning tickets must be redeemed in the state/jurisdiction in which they\nare sold. Copyright© Multi-State Lottery Association. All Rights Reserved. \n---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://heavy.com/news/2016/01/how-where-to-play-powerball-pick-numbers-grocery-store-gas-station-online/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518080527/https://heavy.com/news/2016/01/how-where-to-play-powerball-pick-numbers-grocery-store-gas-station-online/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Play Powerball", "passages": [ "The Powerball jackpot is at $1.5 billion, which means more and more people are going to want to play. If you’ve never played Powerball before but want a chance at the mega win this time around, it’s very simple.", "First, make sure you’re not in one of the six states that, sadly, don’t play Powerball. These are Alabama, Alaska, Hawaii, Mississippi, Nevada, and Utah. If you’re in one of these states, you can usually just go to another state and buy tickets there.", "Next is the easy part. Just go to any gas station, convenience store, or grocery store that sells Powerball tickets. It only costs $2 to play. At most gas stations and convenience stores, the cashier can sell you a ticket. At some grocery stores, you may need to go to their service counter where they sell lottery tickets instead of a cashier.", "You must choose six numbers total. For each of the first five, choose any number from 1 to 69. For the last “Powerball” number, choose any number from 1 to 26. You win the $1.5 billion jackpot if you match the first five numbers in any order and match the Powerball number. You’ll win the second prize of $1 million if you match the first five numbers in any order. There are nine total ways that you can win, but only one way to win the $1.5 billion jackpot.", "If you don’t want to pick the numbers yourself, just ask the cashier for a “Quick Pick” ticket, and your numbers will be randomly picked for you. You can spend $1 more and get a Power Play that will give you a chance to increase your non-jackpot winnings.", "Want to play online? Only two states, Illinois and Georgia, sell Powerball tickets online, according to Forbes. To play online, you must be an Illinois or Georgia resident and be physically present in the state when you buy the ticket. In Illinois, you can only buy $150 of tickets a day and $1,050 a week online.", "Never played Powerball before but want to get in on the $1.5 billion drawing? Here's how and where to play." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Play Powerball | Heavy.com\n\nHeavy\n\nHow to Play Powerball\n\nShare via E-mail Share on WhatsApp\n\n# How to Play Powerball\n\nShare via E-mail Share on WhatsApp\n\n * 0 Shares\n\n * By Stephanie Dube Dwilson\n\n * Updated Jan 13, 2016 at 9:57am\n\nHere’s how and where to play Powerball. (Getty)\n\nThe Powerball jackpot is at $1.5 billion, which means more and more people are\ngoing to want to play. If you’ve never played Powerball before but want a\nchance at the mega win this time around, it’s very simple.\n\nHere’s what you need to know.\n\nFirst, make sure you’re not in one of the six states that, sadly, don’t play\nPowerball. These are Alabama, Alaska, Hawaii, Mississippi, Nevada, and Utah.\nIf you’re in one of these states, you can usually just go to another state and\nbuy tickets there.\n\nNext is the easy part. Just go to any gas station, convenience store, or\ngrocery store that sells Powerball tickets. It only costs $2 to play. At most\ngas stations and convenience stores, the cashier can sell you a ticket. At\nsome grocery stores, you may need to go to their service counter where they\nsell lottery tickets instead of a cashier.\n\nYou must choose six numbers total. For each of the first five, choose any\nnumber from 1 to 69. For the last “Powerball” number, choose any number from 1\nto 26. You win the $1.5 billion jackpot if you match the first five numbers in\nany order and match the Powerball number. You’ll win the second prize of $1\nmillion if you match the first five numbers in any order. There are nine total\nways that you can win, but only one way to win the $1.5 billion jackpot.\n\nIf you don’t want to pick the numbers yourself, just ask the cashier for a\n“Quick Pick” ticket, and your numbers will be randomly picked for you. You can\nspend $1 more and get a Power Play that will give you a chance to increase\nyour non-jackpot winnings.\n\nWant to play online? Only two states, Illinois and Georgia, sell Powerball\ntickets online, according to Forbes. To play online, you must be an Illinois\nor Georgia resident and be physically present in the state when you buy the\nticket. In Illinois, you can only buy $150 of tickets a day and $1,050 a week\nonline.\n\nTo learn more about Powerball, please see these stories:\n\nRead More From Heavy\n\nWhich States Don’t Play Powerball?\n\nRead More From Heavy\n\nWhen Is the Next Powerball Drawing?\n\nRead More From Heavy\n\nPowerball Conspiracy: Top Theories\n\nRead More From Heavy\n\nHow to Buy Powerball Tickets Online\n\nRead more about Powerball in Spanish at AhoraMismo.com:\n\n * Published Jan 12, 2016 at 6:33pm\n\nRead More\n\nBreaking News, Powerball\n\nHeavy\n\nStay Connected\n\nFacebook Twitter Subscribe RSS Feed\n\nCopyright © 2021 Heavy, Inc. All rights reserved. Powered by WordPress VIP\n\nNever played Powerball before but want to get in on the $1.5 billion drawing?\nHere's how and where to play.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.powerball.com:80/powerball/pb_howtoplay.asp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180302005123/http://www.powerball.com:80/powerball/pb_howtoplay.asp", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Play", "passages": [ "| | Mega Millions | Hot Lotto | Wildcard | 2by2 | MegaHits | All or Nothing | Lotto America", "Beginning in October, 2015, Powerball® became an even larger combined large jackpot game and cash game. Every Wednesday and Saturday night at 10:59 p.m. Eastern Time, we draw five white balls out of a drum with 69 balls and one red ball out of a drum with 26 red balls. This change means bigger jackpots. It also means that your odds of winning some prize are improved.", "The jackpot - won by matching all five white balls in any order and the red Powerball - is either an annuitized prize paid out over 29 years (30 payments counting the first immediate payment) or a cash lump sum payment. If you choose the cash, then you get the cash, pay the tax, and can invest what is left over. If you choose the annuity, then we can invest the cash amount pre- tax, less an immediate first payment (more to invest means more earnings). With the annuity, you get an annual payment that is increased by 5% each year to keep up with the cost of living.", "The second prize - won by matching five white balls in any order - is $1,000,000 paid in cash (no annuity option). You win by matching at least three white ball numbers. Any time you match the red Powerball, you win a prize. The overall odds of winning a prize in the game are approximately 1 in 25. Players win a prize by matching one of the 9 Ways to Win.", "Each ticket costs $2. Draw sales cut off at least 59 minutes before the draw, but a state may cut off sales earlier. Check with your state lottery for your cut-off time.", "Power Play® is a special add-on feature that allows a winner to increase the original prize amounts (except the jackpot). The Power Play option costs $1 and must be selected when you buy your Powerball ticket. Powerball players with the Power Play option winning any prize other than the jackpot will win a larger cash prize. The Match 5+0 prize with Power Play option grows to $2,000,000 paid in a cash lump sum (no annuity option is offered). All other lower prizes (below Match 5) will be multiplied by a number that we draw (2X, 3X, 4X, or 5X). In October 2015, a 10X multiplier was added to the mix with a chance to be drawn for all jackpots at $150 million or less. As with any lottery prize, if an extremely popular number is drawn and there is not enough money in the prize pools or reserves to cover it, we may need to reduce the prize.", "| All winning tickets must be redeemed in the state/jurisdiction in which they are sold. Copyright© Multi-State Lottery Association. All Rights Reserved." ] }, "parsed_md": "Powerball - How To Play\n\n| | Mega Millions | Hot Lotto | Wildcard | 2by2 | MegaHits | All or Nothing |\nLotto America \n--- \n| $ 321 Million $ 189 Million Cash Value \n--- \n|\n\nSign up to have the winning numbers sent directly to your e-mail address. \n \n--- \n| How to Play \n--- \n \nBeginning in October, 2015, Powerball® became an even larger combined large\njackpot game and cash game. Every Wednesday and Saturday night at 10:59 p.m.\nEastern Time, we draw five white balls out of a drum with 69 balls and one red\nball out of a drum with 26 red balls. This change means bigger jackpots. It\nalso means that your odds of winning some prize are improved.\n\nThe jackpot - won by matching all five white balls in any order and the red\nPowerball - is either an annuitized prize paid out over 29 years (30 payments\ncounting the first immediate payment) or a cash lump sum payment. If you\nchoose the cash, then you get the cash, pay the tax, and can invest what is\nleft over. If you choose the annuity, then we can invest the cash amount pre-\ntax, less an immediate first payment (more to invest means more earnings).\nWith the annuity, you get an annual payment that is increased by 5% each year\nto keep up with the cost of living.\n\nThe second prize - won by matching five white balls in any order - is\n$1,000,000 paid in cash (no annuity option). You win by matching at least\nthree white ball numbers. Any time you match the red Powerball, you win a\nprize. The overall odds of winning a prize in the game are approximately 1 in\n25. Players win a prize by matching one of the 9 Ways to Win.\n\nEach ticket costs $2. Draw sales cut off at least 59 minutes before the draw,\nbut a state may cut off sales earlier. Check with your state lottery for your\ncut-off time.\n\nPower Play® is a special add-on feature that allows a winner to increase the\noriginal prize amounts (except the jackpot). The Power Play option costs $1\nand must be selected when you buy your Powerball ticket. Powerball players\nwith the Power Play option winning any prize other than the jackpot will win a\nlarger cash prize. The Match 5+0 prize with Power Play option grows to\n$2,000,000 paid in a cash lump sum (no annuity option is offered). All other\nlower prizes (below Match 5) will be multiplied by a number that we draw (2X,\n3X, 4X, or 5X). In October 2015, a 10X multiplier was added to the mix with a\nchance to be drawn for all jackpots at $150 million or less. As with any\nlottery prize, if an extremely popular number is drawn and there is not enough\nmoney in the prize pools or reserves to cover it, we may need to reduce the\nprize.\n\nClick here to learn more about prizes and odds. \n \n|\n\nMUSL | Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions | Trademarks | Best Viewed \n \n--- \n| All winning tickets must be redeemed in the state/jurisdiction in which they\nare sold. Copyright© Multi-State Lottery Association. All Rights Reserved. \n---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.powerball.com/pb_home.asp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180301194800/http://www.powerball.com/pb_home.asp", "parsed_text": { "title": "Powerball", "passages": [ "All winning tickets must be redeemed in the state/jurisdiction in which they are sold. Copyright© Multi-State Lottery Association. All Rights Reserved." ] }, "parsed_md": "Powerball - Home\n\n * Play Responsibly\n * Winners' Stories\n * How To Play\n * Where To Play\n * Signup\n * FAQ/History\n\nWinning Numbers 2/28/2018| Current Estimated Jackpot \n---|--- \n12| 30| 59| 65| 69| 16| $321 Million \n5X| $189 Million Cash Value \nJackpot Winners on 2/28/2018 None| Match 5 Winners Power Play $2 Million None|\n\nMatch 5 Winners $1,000,000 None \n \n---|---|--- \nNumber of Winners on 2/28/2018| Non-Jackpot Prizes Won on 2/28/2018 \n---|--- \n862,903| $8,099,345 \n \nFacebook Scam | Lottery Scams\n\nAbout Us | MUSL | Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions | Trademarks | Press\nContacts\n\nAll winning tickets must be redeemed in the state/jurisdiction in which they\nare sold. Copyright© Multi-State Lottery Association. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" } ]
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How To Become a Physical Therapist Assistant
To become a physical therapist assistant, prioritize advanced classes in biology and algebra to help you get into a college program. Also, consider volunteering at a health care facility to get experience and to help you decide if this is the right career. In this position, you'll be helping patients with exercises, stretches, and injuries, so make sure you're comfortable working closely with people. After you’ve enrolled in a college program, seek an internship to make connections in the field to help you find a job.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20180927034846/http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/GeneralInformation.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190522053822/http://learningcenter.apta.org:80/Student/Catalogue/Catalogue.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200223130150/http://www.apta.org:80/PTAEducation/Overview/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211116034318/https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210610225949/https://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/physical-therapist-assistant", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170805055745/http://www.apta.org:80/apta/hotJobs/default.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200302041125/https://www.apta.org/PTACareers/Overview/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181005071300/http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/MakingaTestingAppointment.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181008090019/http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/TakingtheExamination.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210124112655/https://peac-aepc.ca/english/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190505083138/http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/ExaminationResultsandScoring.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20151016163821/https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/careers/health-care-support-physical-therapist-assistants" ]
train
1,509
[ { "original_url": "http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/GeneralInformation.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180927034846/http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/GeneralInformation.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "General Information", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "General Information | FSBPT\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://learningcenter.apta.org:80/Student/Catalogue/Catalogue.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190522053822/http://learningcenter.apta.org:80/Student/Catalogue/Catalogue.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "APTA Learning Center", "passages": [ "Learning paths are a series of related courses that may result in a certificate. On the learning path interior page.", "All of your courses in one place. Find everything you need to complete your assessment, instructor-led and eLearning courses and track your progress.", "Learning paths are a series of related courses that result in a certificate. On the learning path interior page. A learning path is a series of related courses that result in a certificate.", "This is a discussion board where you can start a conversation with your fellow learners within your course. Get started by viewing popular discussion threads or posting your own question for other learners to see.", "Chat allows you to have a discussion with your fellow learners in real time. Get started by reviewing the chats available in your courses.", "All of your courses in one place. Find everything you need to complete your assessment, instructor-led and eLearning courses and track your progress.", "Access CEU certificates and letters for the APTA courses and conferences you have completed. Enter non-APTA learning activities. Print a transcript of your learning activities to track and document your CEU credits.", "Access CEU certificates and letters for the APTA courses and conferences you have completed. Enter non-APTA learning activities. Print a transcript of your learning activities to track and document your CEU credits.", "Access CEU information for activities you have completed outside of the APTA Learning Center. Print a transcript to track and document continuing education activity.", "Click here to interact with all learning activities you are currently taking, have completed and those you may wish to register for.", "Find courses that cover diagnosis and screening as well as patient- and client-centered management from exam to plan of care and interventions. Courses covering communication with patients, clients, and caregivers or family members, as well as other health care professionals can also be found here.", "Find courses about using evidence to access information to support clinical decisions, critically evaluate relevant outcome measures, and foundational knowledge important to physical therapist practice.", "Find courses to help prevent a condition in a susceptible or potentially susceptible population, decrease the duration of an illness, disease, or limit the degree of disability and promote rehabilitation and restoration of function. Also find courses about health promotion and wellness.", "Find courses about interpersonal collaboration, professional advocacy, professional integrity, and cultural competence. Courses to assist with educating future and current physical therapists and physical therapist assistants are also found here.", "Find courses about documentation, coding, quality improvement, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Courses to help you advocate for the profession, and about marketing, risk management, as well as technology systems and applications are also found here.", "Find courses about mentoring, communication, and innovative models of care delivery. Courses about the changing health care environment can be found here.", "Take advantage of the complimentary e-learning courses listed below. Courses span a variety of clinical focuses and experience levels, many with CEUs. View the full course catalog (APTA members save up to 40%).", "All contents © 2015 American Physical Therapy Association. All Rights Reserved. Use of this and other APTA websites constitutes acceptance of our Terms & Conditions | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer" ] }, "parsed_md": "Catalog - APTA Learning Center\n\nLog In\n\nSearch\n\n<en>Home</en>\n\nYour customized home page.\n\n<en>Catalog</en>\n\nFind a course by browsing through learning domains or a quick list of hot\ntopics.\n\n<en>Catalog Category</en>\n\nScroll through the list of courses and learning paths available in this\ncategory.\n\n<en>Learning Paths and Bundles</en>\n\nLearning paths are a series of related courses that may result in a\ncertificate. On the learning path interior page.\n\n<en>My Learning Activities</en>\n\nFind courses that you have purchased, access your CEU certificates, and more.\n\n<en>My Courses</en>\n\nAll of your courses in one place. Find everything you need to complete your\nassessment, instructor-led and eLearning courses and track your progress.\n\n<en>Feedback Questionnaire</en>\n\nWe value your input! Help us improve this course by providing us with your\nfeedback.\n\n<en>Course Withdrawal</en>\n\nWithdrawing from this course? We're sorry to see you leave.\n\n<en>My Learning Paths and Kits</en>\n\nLearning paths are a series of related courses that result in a certificate.\nOn the learning path interior page. A learning path is a series of related\ncourses that result in a certificate.\n\n<en>Feedback Questionnaire</en>\n\nWe value your input! Help us improve this learning path by providing us with\nyour feedback.\n\n<en>Learning Path Withdrawal</en>\n\nWithdrawing from this learning path? We are sorry to see you leave.\n\n<en>My Schedule</en>\n\nSee a list of all your upcoming Instructor-Led Events, Activities and\nimportant Course and Learning Path dates and details.\n\n<en>My Communities</en>\n\nQuickly access all of the discussion boards, forums and chats for the courses\nyou are enrolled in.\n\n<en>My Forums</en>\n\nThis is a discussion board where you can start a conversation with your fellow\nlearners within your course. Get started by viewing popular discussion threads\nor posting your own question for other learners to see.\n\n<en>My Chats</en>\n\nChat allows you to have a discussion with your fellow learners in real time.\nGet started by reviewing the chats available in your courses.\n\n<en>Mail</en>\n\nCheck your internal mail messages and send private messages to your contacts\nwithout sharing your own email address.\n\n<en>My Activities</en>\n\nThese are activities delivered outside the Learning Center. 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Home\n 2. Catalog\n\n# CatalogFind a course by browsing through learning domains or a quick list of\nhot topics.\n\n# Catalog\n\n## Browse by Topic\n\nFind a course by browsing through learning domains or a quick list of hot\ntopics.\n\n## Quick Search\n\n * Acute Care\n * Aquatics\n * Cardiovascular & Pulmonary\n * Clinical Electrophysiology and Wound Management\n * Education\n * Geriatrics\n\n * Hand Rehabilitation\n * Health Policy and Administration\n * Home Health\n * Neurology\n * Oncology\n * Orthopedics\n\n * Pediatrics\n * Private Practice\n * Professional Excellence\n * Research\n * Sports\n * Women's Health\n\n * FREE to Members\n\n* Patient Care\n* Find courses that cover diagnosis and screening as well as patient- and client-centered management from exam to plan of care and interventions. Courses covering communication with patients, clients, and caregivers or family members, as well as other health care professionals can also be found here.\n\n * Diagnosis and Screening\n * Cardiovascular and Pulmonary\n * Metabolic Disease and Cancer\n * Gynecological, Obstetrical and Incontinence\n * Integumentary\n * Musculoskeletal\n * Neuromuscular\n * Patient-Centered Education, Coordination and Communication\n\n* Research\n* Find courses about using evidence to access information to support clinical decisions, critically evaluate relevant outcome measures, and foundational knowledge important to physical therapist practice.\n\n * Outcome Measures\n * Evidence to Practice\n * Foundational Knowledge\n\n* Prevention and Wellness\n* Find courses to help prevent a condition in a susceptible or potentially susceptible population, decrease the duration of an illness, disease, or limit the degree of disability and promote rehabilitation and restoration of function. Also find courses about health promotion and wellness.\n\n * Prevention and Health Promotion\n * Disease Management\n * Population Health\n\n* Education and Professional Excellence\n* Find courses about interpersonal collaboration, professional advocacy, professional integrity, and cultural competence. Courses to assist with educating future and current physical therapists and physical therapist assistants are also found here.\n\n * Interpersonal Collaboration\n * Educating Others\n * Advocacy\n * Societal and Professional Roles and Responsibilities\n * Continuing Competence and Professional Development\n\n* Health Care Management\n* Find courses about documentation, coding, quality improvement, and compliance with regulatory requirements. 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Courses about the changing health care environment can be found here.\n\n * Mentoring\n * Communication\n * Strategic and Operational Planning\n * Innovative Thinking\n\n* From Our Partners\n* Courses developed by our partners or with our partners.\n\n * Academy of Acute Care Physical Therapy\n * Alabama Chapter\n * Academy of Aquatic Physical Therapy\n * Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Section\n * CCIP Level 2\n * Education Section\n * Genesis Rehab Services\n * Academy of Geriatric Physical Therapy\n * Home Health Section\n * Academy of Oncologic Physical Therapy\n * Orthopedic Section\n * Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy, Inc\n * Private Practice Section\n * Rehab Essentials\n * Sports Section\n * Thank you for being a valued member of the APTA Community.\n * Welcome to your Learning Center!\n\n* Free to Members\n* Take advantage of the complimentary e-learning courses listed below. Courses span a variety of clinical focuses and experience levels, many with CEUs. View the full course catalog (APTA members save up to 40%).\n\nAmerican Physical Therapy Association 703/684-APTA (2782) | 800/999-2782 |\n1111 North Fairfax Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1488 |703-684-7343 (fax)\n\nContact Us | For Advertisers & Exhibitors | For Media | Follow APTA\n\nAll contents © 2015 American Physical Therapy Association. All Rights\nReserved. Use of this and other APTA websites constitutes acceptance of our\nTerms & Conditions | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer\n\n[\"4ae3f29f-37df-4998-9e15-fa4506397295\",\n\"c9b848fc-0baf-4b9f-84b3-67d6e93d919a\",\n\"59939712-ef88-4dba-85cd-21f18374b0ec\",\n\"57693346-85b2-4fb5-ab07-34836b950f77\",\n\"7146c4cd-c501-4e51-9bc0-9cc7d181fb08\",\n\"3c6eb590-5ee9-42c0-8de4-3a4e726160c6\",\n\"b773a84-c0b8-4e98-8915-84c9e754ac4f\",\"BCB0DB00-F9BE-43CE-A161-829BC35F094C\",\"6353C349-D88F-47A7-A9AA-B2345848B5FF\",\n\"2C67EDA0-E983-4062-8613-BC0C7A2F8D11\",\n\"B24637B3-CC06-4F87-B04C-C23C02AF4E41\",\n\"3CFB5E37-774B-4251-BE6A-C2CC60A572CB\",\n\"552534C8-0DEE-4094-BA97-DC74A179FE98\",\n\"1140B900-3038-4EC6-A373-EBA710A41346\"]\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.apta.org:80/PTAEducation/Overview/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200223130150/http://www.apta.org:80/PTAEducation/Overview/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA) Education Overview", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA) Education Overview\n\n###### About Us\n\n * Membership & Benefits\n * Vision & Strategic Plan\n * Policies & Bylaws\n * Leadership & Governance\n * Chapters & Sections\n * Honors & Awards Program\n * APTA Staff\n * Jobs at APTA\n * Strategic Business Partners\n\n###### Careers & Education\n\n * Find Jobs\n * Courses & Conferences\n * About PT/PTA Careers\n * Career Management\n * Career Development\n * For Educators\n\n###### Practice & Patient Care\n\n * Patient Care\n * Practice Administration\n * Evidence & Research\n * Licensure\n * Scope of Practice\n * Ethics & Professionalism\n * Legal Matters\n * PR & Marketing\n\n###### Payment\n\n * Coding & Billing\n * Private Insurance\n * Medicare\n * Medicaid\n * Workers' Compensation\n * Tricare & VA\n * Info for Payers\n\n###### Advocacy\n\n * Federal Advocacy\n * State Advocacy\n * Take Action\n * Involvement Opportunities\n * PT-PAC\n * For Legislators\n\n###### News & Publications\n\n * Latest News\n * PTJ (Journal)\n * PT in Motion\n * Guide to PT Practice\n * Blogs\n * Podcasts\n * Social Media\n * Other Publications\n * For Media\n\n * American Physical Therapy Association | 1111 North Fairfax Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1488 703/684-APTA (2782)\n * 800/999-2782\n * 703/684-7343 (fax)\n\n * Contact Us\n * For Advertisers & Exhibitors\n * For Media\n * Follow APTA\n\nAll contents © 2019 American Physical Therapy Association. All Rights\nReserved.\n\nUse of this and other APTA websites constitutes acceptance of our Terms &\nConditions | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211116034318/https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics", "passages": [ "The .gov means it's official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.", "The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.", "Physical therapist assistants and aides are supervised by physical therapists to help patients regain movement and manage pain after injuries and illnesses.", "Most physical therapist assistants and aides work in physical therapists’ offices or in hospitals. They are frequently on their feet as they set up equipment and help care for patients.", "Physical therapist assistants entering the occupation typically need an associate’s degree from an accredited program and a license or certification. Physical therapist aides usually need a high school diploma or equivalent and on-the-job training.", "Overall employment of physical therapist assistants and aides is projected to grow 32 percent from 2020 to 2030, much faster than the average for all occupations.", "About 23,800 openings for physical therapist assistants and aides are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.", "Learn more about physical therapist assistants and aides by visiting additional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of workers and occupations.", "Physical therapist assistants, sometimes called PTAs, and physical therapist aides work under the direction and supervision of physical therapists. They help patients who are recovering from injuries and illnesses to regain movement and manage pain.", "Physical therapist aides often have tasks that are indirectly related to patient care, such as cleaning and setting up the treatment area, moving patients, and doing clerical duties.", "Under the direction and supervision of physical therapists, physical therapist assistants treat patients through exercise, massage, gait and balance training, and other therapeutic interventions. They record patients’ progress and report the results of each treatment to the physical therapist.", "Physical therapist aides are supervised by physical therapists or physical therapist assistants. The tasks that physical therapist aides are allowed to do vary by state. They usually are responsible for keeping the treatment area clean and organized, preparing for each patient’s therapy, and helping patients as needed in moving to or from a treatment area. In addition, aides do a variety of clerical tasks, such as ordering supplies, scheduling treatment sessions, and completing insurance forms.", "Offices of physical, occupational and speech therapists, and audiologists| 59% ---|--- Hospitals; state, local, and private| 21 Offices of physicians| 7 Nursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities)| 3 Government| 2", "Offices of physical, occupational and speech therapists, and audiologists| 44% ---|--- Hospitals; state, local, and private| 24 Nursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities)| 10 Home healthcare services| 9 Offices of physicians| 5", "Physical therapist assistants and aides are frequently on their feet and moving as they set up equipment and help and treat patients. Because they must often lift and move patients, they are vulnerable to back injuries. Assistants and aides can limit these risks by using proper techniques when they work with patients.", "Most physical therapist assistants and aides work full time, although part time work is common. Some work nights and weekends because many physical therapy offices and clinics have extended hours to accommodate patients’ schedules.", "Physical therapist assistants entering the occupation typically need an associate’s degree from an accredited program and a license or certification. Physical therapist aides usually need a high school diploma or equivalent and on-the-job training.", "All states require physical therapist assistants to have an associate’s degree from a program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education. Programs typically last about 2 years and include coursework in subjects such as anatomy, physiology, and kinesiology. Assistants also gain hands-on experience during supervised clinical work.", "Physical therapist aides typically need a high school diploma or equivalent. They also usually need on-the-job training that can last from about one week to one month.", "All states require physical therapist assistants to be licensed or certified. Licensure typically requires graduation from an accredited physical therapist assistant program and passing the National Physical Therapy Exam for physical therapist assistants. The exam is administered by the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy. Some states require that applicants pass an exam on the state’s laws regulating the practice of physical therapy assistants, undergo a criminal background check, and be at least 18 years old. Physical therapist assistants also may need to take continuing education courses to keep their license. Check with your state board for specific licensing requirements.", "Additionally, physical therapy assistants may earn certifications in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), basic life support (BLS), or other first- aid skills.", "Compassion. Physical therapist assistants and aides should enjoy helping people. They work with people who are in pain and must have empathy to help their patients.", "Detail oriented. Physical therapist assistants and aides should be organized, keep accurate records, and follow written and verbal instructions carefully to ensure quality care.", "Dexterity. Physical therapist assistants should be comfortable using their hands to provide manual therapy and therapeutic exercises. Aides should also be comfortable working with their hands to set up equipment and prepare treatment areas.", "Interpersonal skills. Physical therapist assistants and aides spend much of their time interacting with patients, their families, and other healthcare practitioners; therefore, they should be courteous and friendly.", "Physical stamina. Physical therapist assistants and aides are frequently on their feet and moving as they work with their patients. They must often kneel, stoop, bend, and stand for long periods.", "The median annual wage for physical therapist aides was $28,450 in May 2020. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $20,500, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $40,580.", "The median annual wage for physical therapist assistants was $59,770 in May 2020. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $33,840, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $82,470.", "In May 2020, the median annual wages for physical therapist aides in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:", "Nursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities)| $34,800 ---|--- Hospitals; state, local, and private| 30,620 Offices of physicians| 29,760 Government| 28,360 Offices of physical, occupational and speech therapists, and audiologists| 27,080", "In May 2020, the median annual wages for physical therapist assistants in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:", "Nursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities)| $67,120 ---|--- Home healthcare services| 64,700 Hospitals; state, local, and private| 58,460 Offices of physical, occupational and speech therapists, and audiologists| 58,050 Offices of physicians| 56,730", "Most physical therapist assistants and aides work full time, although part time work is common. Some work nights and weekends because many physical therapy offices and clinics have extended hours to accommodate patients’ schedules.", "Overall employment of physical therapist assistants and aides is projected to grow 32 percent from 2020 to 2030, much faster than the average for all occupations.", "About 23,800 openings for physical therapist assistants and aides are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.", "Demand for physical therapy is expected to increase in response to the health needs of an aging population, particularly the large baby-boom generation. This group is staying more active later in life than previous generations did. However, many baby boomers also are entering the prime age for heart attacks, strokes, and mobility-related injuries, increasing the demand for physical therapy needed for rehabilitation.", "In addition, more physical therapist assistants and aides will be needed to help patients maintain their mobility and manage the effects of chronic conditions, such as diabetes and obesity. Moreover, medical and technological developments should permit an increased number of trauma victims and newborns with birth defects to survive, creating added demand for therapy and rehabilitative services.", "Physical therapists are expected to rely on physical therapist assistants, particularly in long-term care environments, in order to reduce the cost of physical therapy services. After the physical therapist has evaluated a patient and designed a plan of care, the assistant provides many parts of the treatment, as directed by the therapist.", "Employment projections data for physical therapist assistants and aides, 2020-30Occupational Title| SOC Code| Employment, 2020| Projected Employment, 2030| Change, 2020-30| Employment by Industry ---|---|---|---|---|--- Percent| Numeric", "The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program produces employment and wage estimates annually for over 800 occupations. These estimates are available for the nation as a whole, for individual states, and for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The link(s) below go to OEWS data maps for employment and wages by state and area.", "Occupational employment projections are developed for all states by Labor Market Information (LMI) or individual state Employment Projections offices. All state projections data are available at www.projectionscentral.com. Information on this site allows projected employment growth for an occupation to be compared among states or to be compared within one state. In addition, states may produce projections for areas; there are links to each state’s websites where these data may be retrieved.", "CareerOneStop includes hundreds of occupational profiles with data available by state and metro area. There are links in the left-hand side menu to compare occupational employment by state and occupational wages by local area or metro area. There is also a salary info tool to search for wages by zip code.", "This table shows a list of occupations with job duties that are similar to those of physical therapist assistants and aides.", "Nursing assistants provide basic care and help patients with activities of daily living. Orderlies transport patients and clean treatment areas.", "Occupational therapy assistants and aides help patients develop, recover, improve, as well as maintain the skills needed for daily living and working.", "The What They Do tab describes the typical duties and responsibilities of workers in the occupation, including what tools and equipment they use and how closely they are supervised. This tab also covers different types of occupational specialties.", "The Work Environment tab includes the number of jobs held in the occupation and describes the workplace, the level of physical activity expected, and typical hours worked. It may also discuss the major industries that employed the occupation. This tab may also describe opportunities for part-time work, the amount and type of travel required, any safety equipment that is used, and the risk of injury that workers may face.", "The How to Become One tab describes how to prepare for a job in the occupation. This tab can include information on education, training, work experience, licensing and certification, and important qualities that are required or helpful for entering or working in the occupation.", "The Pay tab describes typical earnings and how workers in the occupation are compensated—annual salaries, hourly wages, commissions, tips, or bonuses. Within every occupation, earnings vary by experience, responsibility, performance, tenure, and geographic area. For most profiles, this tab has a table with wages in the major industries employing the occupation. It does not include pay for self-employed workers, agriculture workers, or workers in private households because these data are not collected by the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey, the source of BLS wage data in the OOH.", "The State and Area Data tab provides links to state and area occupational data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program, state projections data from Projections Central, and occupational information from the Department of Labor's CareerOneStop.", "The Job Outlook tab describes the factors that affect employment growth or decline in the occupation, and in some instances, describes the relationship between the number of job seekers and the number of job openings.", "The Similar Occupations tab describes occupations that share similar duties, skills, interests, education, or training with the occupation covered in the profile.", "The More Information tab provides the Internet addresses of associations, government agencies, unions, and other organizations that can provide additional information on the occupation. This tab also includes links to relevant occupational information from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET).", "The wage at which half of the workers in the occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. Median wage data are from the BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey. In May 2020, the median annual wage for all workers was $41,950.", "Work experience that is commonly considered necessary by employers, or is a commonly accepted substitute for more formal types of training or education.", "The projected percent change in employment from 2020 to 2030. The average growth rate for all occupations is 8 percent.", "The wage at which half of the workers in the occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. Median wage data are from the BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey. In May 2020, the median annual wage for all workers was $41,950." ] }, "parsed_md": "Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides : Occupational Outlook Handbook: :\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics\n\nSkip to Content\n\nAn official website of the United States government\n\nUnited States Department of Labor\n\nThe .gov means it's official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or\n.mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal\ngovernment site.\n\nThe site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the\nofficial website and that any information you provide is encrypted and\ntransmitted securely.\n\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics\n\nFollow Us | Release Calendar | Blog\n\n * OOH HOME |\n * OCCUPATION FINDER |\n * OOH FAQ |\n * OOH GLOSSARY |\n * A-Z INDEX |\n * OOH SITE MAP\n\nOccupational Outlook Handbook > Healthcare >\n\n# Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides\n\nPRINTER-FRIENDLY\n\n * Summary\n * What They Do\n * Work Environment\n * How to Become One\n * Pay\n * Job Outlook\n * State & Area Data\n * Similar Occupations\n * More Info\n\n## Summary\n\nPlease enable javascript to play this video.\n\nVideo transcript available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fbpS0uBh7b0.\n\nQuick Facts: Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides \n--- \n2020 Median Pay| $49,970 per year $24.02 per hour \nTypical Entry-Level Education| See How to Become One \nWork Experience in a Related Occupation| None \nOn-the-job Training| See How to Become One \nNumber of Jobs, 2020| 140,500 \nJob Outlook, 2020-30| 32% (Much faster than average) \nEmployment Change, 2020-30| 44,900 \n \n### What Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides Do\n\nPhysical therapist assistants and aides are supervised by physical therapists\nto help patients regain movement and manage pain after injuries and illnesses.\n\n### Work Environment\n\nMost physical therapist assistants and aides work in physical therapists’\noffices or in hospitals. They are frequently on their feet as they set up\nequipment and help care for patients.\n\n### How to Become a Physical Therapist Assistant or Aide\n\nPhysical therapist assistants entering the occupation typically need an\nassociate’s degree from an accredited program and a license or certification.\nPhysical therapist aides usually need a high school diploma or equivalent and\non-the-job training.\n\n### Pay\n\nThe median annual wage for physical therapist aides was $28,450 in May 2020.\n\nThe median annual wage for physical therapist assistants was $59,770 in May\n2020.\n\n### Job Outlook\n\nOverall employment of physical therapist assistants and aides is projected to\ngrow 32 percent from 2020 to 2030, much faster than the average for all\noccupations.\n\nAbout 23,800 openings for physical therapist assistants and aides are\nprojected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are\nexpected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different\noccupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.\n\n### State & Area Data\n\nExplore resources for employment and wages by state and area for physical\ntherapist assistants and aides.\n\n### Similar Occupations\n\nCompare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of physical therapist\nassistants and aides with similar occupations.\n\n### More Information, Including Links to O*NET\n\nLearn more about physical therapist assistants and aides by visiting\nadditional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of\nworkers and occupations.\n\n## What Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides Do About this section\n\nPhysical therapist assistants help patients do specific exercises as part of\nthe plan of care.\n\nPhysical therapist assistants, sometimes called PTAs, and physical therapist\naides work under the direction and supervision of physical therapists. They\nhelp patients who are recovering from injuries and illnesses to regain\nmovement and manage pain.\n\nPhysical therapist assistants are involved in the direct care of patients.\n\nPhysical therapist aides often have tasks that are indirectly related to\npatient care, such as cleaning and setting up the treatment area, moving\npatients, and doing clerical duties.\n\n### Duties\n\nPhysical therapist assistants typically do the following:\n\n * Observe patients before, during, and after therapy, noting the patient’s status and reporting it to a physical therapist\n * Help patients do specific exercises as part of the plan of care\n * Treat patients using a variety of techniques, such as massage and stretching\n * Use devices and equipment, such as walkers, to help patients\n * Educate patients and family members about what to do after treatment\n\nUnder the direction and supervision of physical therapists, physical therapist\nassistants treat patients through exercise, massage, gait and balance\ntraining, and other therapeutic interventions. They record patients’ progress\nand report the results of each treatment to the physical therapist.\n\nPhysical therapist aides typically do the following:\n\n * Clean treatment areas and set up therapy equipment\n * Wash linens\n * Help patients move to or from a therapy area\n * Do clerical tasks, such as answering phones and scheduling patients\n\nPhysical therapist aides are supervised by physical therapists or physical\ntherapist assistants. The tasks that physical therapist aides are allowed to\ndo vary by state. They usually are responsible for keeping the treatment area\nclean and organized, preparing for each patient’s therapy, and helping\npatients as needed in moving to or from a treatment area. In addition, aides\ndo a variety of clerical tasks, such as ordering supplies, scheduling\ntreatment sessions, and completing insurance forms.\n\n## Work Environment About this section\n\nPhysical therapist assistants give therapy through exercise, stretching, and\nother interventions.\n\nPhysical therapist aides held about 46,700 jobs in 2020. The largest employers\nof physical therapist aides were as follows:\n\nOffices of physical, occupational and speech therapists, and audiologists| 59% \n---|--- \nHospitals; state, local, and private| 21 \nOffices of physicians| 7 \nNursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities)| 3 \nGovernment| 2 \n \nPhysical therapist assistants held about 93,800 jobs in 2020. The largest\nemployers of physical therapist assistants were as follows:\n\nOffices of physical, occupational and speech therapists, and audiologists| 44% \n---|--- \nHospitals; state, local, and private| 24 \nNursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities)| 10 \nHome healthcare services| 9 \nOffices of physicians| 5 \n \nPhysical therapist assistants and aides are frequently on their feet and\nmoving as they set up equipment and help and treat patients. Because they must\noften lift and move patients, they are vulnerable to back injuries. Assistants\nand aides can limit these risks by using proper techniques when they work with\npatients.\n\n### Work Schedules\n\nMost physical therapist assistants and aides work full time, although part\ntime work is common. Some work nights and weekends because many physical\ntherapy offices and clinics have extended hours to accommodate patients’\nschedules.\n\n## How to Become a Physical Therapist Assistant or Aide About this section\n\nPhysical therapist assistants gain hands-on experience during supervised\nclinical work.\n\nPhysical therapist assistants entering the occupation typically need an\nassociate’s degree from an accredited program and a license or certification.\nPhysical therapist aides usually need a high school diploma or equivalent and\non-the-job training.\n\n### Education and Training\n\nAll states require physical therapist assistants to have an associate’s degree\nfrom a program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical\nTherapy Education. Programs typically last about 2 years and include\ncoursework in subjects such as anatomy, physiology, and kinesiology.\nAssistants also gain hands-on experience during supervised clinical work.\n\nPhysical therapist aides typically need a high school diploma or equivalent.\nThey also usually need on-the-job training that can last from about one week\nto one month.\n\n### Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations\n\nAll states require physical therapist assistants to be licensed or certified.\nLicensure typically requires graduation from an accredited physical therapist\nassistant program and passing the National Physical Therapy Exam for physical\ntherapist assistants. The exam is administered by the Federation of State\nBoards of Physical Therapy. Some states require that applicants pass an exam\non the state’s laws regulating the practice of physical therapy assistants,\nundergo a criminal background check, and be at least 18 years old. Physical\ntherapist assistants also may need to take continuing education courses to\nkeep their license. Check with your state board for specific licensing\nrequirements.\n\nAdditionally, physical therapy assistants may earn certifications in\ncardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), basic life support (BLS), or other first-\naid skills.\n\nStates do not require physical therapist aides to be licensed.\n\n### Important Qualities\n\nCompassion. Physical therapist assistants and aides should enjoy helping\npeople. They work with people who are in pain and must have empathy to help\ntheir patients.\n\nDetail oriented. Physical therapist assistants and aides should be organized,\nkeep accurate records, and follow written and verbal instructions carefully to\nensure quality care.\n\nDexterity. Physical therapist assistants should be comfortable using their\nhands to provide manual therapy and therapeutic exercises. Aides should also\nbe comfortable working with their hands to set up equipment and prepare\ntreatment areas.\n\nInterpersonal skills. Physical therapist assistants and aides spend much of\ntheir time interacting with patients, their families, and other healthcare\npractitioners; therefore, they should be courteous and friendly.\n\nPhysical stamina. Physical therapist assistants and aides are frequently on\ntheir feet and moving as they work with their patients. They must often kneel,\nstoop, bend, and stand for long periods.\n\n## Pay About this section\n\n### Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides\n\nMedian annual wages, May 2020\n\nPhysical therapist assistants\n\n \n\n$59,770\n\nOccupational therapy and physical therapist assistants and aides\n\n \n\n$54,250\n\nPhysical therapist assistants and aides\n\n \n\n$49,970\n\nTotal, all occupations\n\n \n\n$41,950\n\nPhysical therapist aides\n\n \n\n$28,450\n\nNote: All Occupations includes all occupations in the U.S. Economy. Source:\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics\n\nThe median annual wage for physical therapist aides was $28,450 in May 2020.\nThe median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned\nmore than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less\nthan $20,500, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $40,580.\n\nThe median annual wage for physical therapist assistants was $59,770 in May\n2020. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $33,840, and the highest 10\npercent earned more than $82,470.\n\nIn May 2020, the median annual wages for physical therapist aides in the top\nindustries in which they worked were as follows:\n\nNursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities)| $34,800 \n---|--- \nHospitals; state, local, and private| 30,620 \nOffices of physicians| 29,760 \nGovernment| 28,360 \nOffices of physical, occupational and speech therapists, and audiologists|\n27,080 \n \nIn May 2020, the median annual wages for physical therapist assistants in the\ntop industries in which they worked were as follows:\n\nNursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities)| $67,120 \n---|--- \nHome healthcare services| 64,700 \nHospitals; state, local, and private| 58,460 \nOffices of physical, occupational and speech therapists, and audiologists|\n58,050 \nOffices of physicians| 56,730 \n \nMost physical therapist assistants and aides work full time, although part\ntime work is common. Some work nights and weekends because many physical\ntherapy offices and clinics have extended hours to accommodate patients’\nschedules.\n\n## Job Outlook About this section\n\n### Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides\n\nPercent change in employment, projected 2020-30\n\nPhysical therapist assistants\n\n \n\n35%\n\nOccupational therapy and physical therapist assistants and aides\n\n \n\n33%\n\nPhysical therapist assistants and aides\n\n \n\n32%\n\nPhysical therapist aides\n\n \n\n25%\n\nTotal, all occupations\n\n \n\n8%\n\nNote: All Occupations includes all occupations in the U.S. Economy. Source:\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program\n\nOverall employment of physical therapist assistants and aides is projected to\ngrow 32 percent from 2020 to 2030, much faster than the average for all\noccupations.\n\nAbout 23,800 openings for physical therapist assistants and aides are\nprojected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are\nexpected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different\noccupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.\n\n### Employment\n\nDemand for physical therapy is expected to increase in response to the health\nneeds of an aging population, particularly the large baby-boom generation.\nThis group is staying more active later in life than previous generations did.\nHowever, many baby boomers also are entering the prime age for heart attacks,\nstrokes, and mobility-related injuries, increasing the demand for physical\ntherapy needed for rehabilitation.\n\nIn addition, more physical therapist assistants and aides will be needed to\nhelp patients maintain their mobility and manage the effects of chronic\nconditions, such as diabetes and obesity. Moreover, medical and technological\ndevelopments should permit an increased number of trauma victims and newborns\nwith birth defects to survive, creating added demand for therapy and\nrehabilitative services.\n\nPhysical therapists are expected to rely on physical therapist assistants,\nparticularly in long-term care environments, in order to reduce the cost of\nphysical therapy services. After the physical therapist has evaluated a\npatient and designed a plan of care, the assistant provides many parts of the\ntreatment, as directed by the therapist.\n\nEmployment projections data for physical therapist assistants and aides,\n2020-30Occupational Title| SOC Code| Employment, 2020| Projected Employment,\n2030| Change, 2020-30| Employment by Industry \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nPercent| Numeric \n \nSOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program \n \nPhysical therapist assistants and aides\n\n| 31-2020| 140,500| 185,400| 32| 44,900| Get data \n \nPhysical therapist assistants\n\n| 31-2021| 93,800| 126,900| 35| 33,200| Get data \n \nPhysical therapist aides\n\n| 31-2022| 46,700| 58,500| 25| 11,800| Get data \n \n## State & Area Data About this section\n\n### Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS)\n\nThe Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program produces\nemployment and wage estimates annually for over 800 occupations. These\nestimates are available for the nation as a whole, for individual states, and\nfor metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The link(s) below go to OEWS data\nmaps for employment and wages by state and area.\n\n * Physical therapist aides\n * Physical therapist assistants\n\n### Projections Central\n\nOccupational employment projections are developed for all states by Labor\nMarket Information (LMI) or individual state Employment Projections offices.\nAll state projections data are available at www.projectionscentral.com.\nInformation on this site allows projected employment growth for an occupation\nto be compared among states or to be compared within one state. In addition,\nstates may produce projections for areas; there are links to each state’s\nwebsites where these data may be retrieved.\n\n### CareerOneStop\n\nCareerOneStop includes hundreds of occupational profiles with data available\nby state and metro area. There are links in the left-hand side menu to compare\noccupational employment by state and occupational wages by local area or metro\narea. There is also a salary info tool to search for wages by zip code.\n\n## Similar Occupations About this section\n\nThis table shows a list of occupations with job duties that are similar to\nthose of physical therapist assistants and aides.\n\nOccupation| Job Duties| ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION| 2020 MEDIAN PAY \n---|---|---|--- \nMedical Assistants|\n\nMedical assistants complete administrative and clinical tasks in hospitals,\noffices of physicians, and other healthcare facilities.\n\n| Postsecondary nondegree award| $35,850 \nNursing Assistants and Orderlies|\n\nNursing assistants provide basic care and help patients with activities of\ndaily living. Orderlies transport patients and clean treatment areas.\n\n| See How to Become One| $30,830 \nOccupational Therapy Assistants and Aides|\n\nOccupational therapy assistants and aides help patients develop, recover,\nimprove, as well as maintain the skills needed for daily living and working.\n\n| See How to Become One| $60,950 \nPharmacy Technicians|\n\nPharmacy technicians help pharmacists dispense prescription medication to\ncustomers or health professionals.\n\n| High school diploma or equivalent| $35,100 \nPhysical Therapists|\n\nPhysical therapists help injured or ill people improve movement and manage\npain.\n\n| Doctoral or professional degree| $91,010 \nPsychiatric Technicians and Aides|\n\nPsychiatric technicians and aides care for people who have mental illness and\ndevelopmental disabilities.\n\n| See How to Become One| $33,140 \nDental Assistants|\n\nDental assistants provide patient care, take x rays, keep records, and\nschedule appointments.\n\n| Postsecondary nondegree award| $41,180 \n \n## Contacts for More Information About this section\n\nFor more information about physical therapist assistants, visit\n\nAmerican Physical Therapy Association\n\nFor a list of schools offering accredited programs, visit\n\nCommission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education\n\nFor more information about state licensing requirements and about the National\nPhysical Therapy Exam, visit\n\nFederation of State Boards of Physical Therapy\n\n### CareerOneStop\n\nFor a career video on physical therapist assistants and aides, visit\n\nPhysical therapist assistants and aides\n\n### O*NET\n\nPhysical Therapist Aides\n\nPhysical Therapist Assistants\n\nSuggested citation:\n\nBureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook\nHandbook, Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides, at\nhttps://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/physical-therapist-assistants-and-aides.htm\n(visited October 28, 2021).\n\nLast Modified Date: Wednesday, September 8, 2021\n\n## What They Do\n\nThe What They Do tab describes the typical duties and responsibilities of\nworkers in the occupation, including what tools and equipment they use and how\nclosely they are supervised. This tab also covers different types of\noccupational specialties.\n\n## Work Environment\n\nThe Work Environment tab includes the number of jobs held in the occupation\nand describes the workplace, the level of physical activity expected, and\ntypical hours worked. It may also discuss the major industries that employed\nthe occupation. This tab may also describe opportunities for part-time work,\nthe amount and type of travel required, any safety equipment that is used, and\nthe risk of injury that workers may face.\n\n## How to Become One\n\nThe How to Become One tab describes how to prepare for a job in the\noccupation. This tab can include information on education, training, work\nexperience, licensing and certification, and important qualities that are\nrequired or helpful for entering or working in the occupation.\n\n## Pay\n\nThe Pay tab describes typical earnings and how workers in the occupation are\ncompensated—annual salaries, hourly wages, commissions, tips, or bonuses.\nWithin every occupation, earnings vary by experience, responsibility,\nperformance, tenure, and geographic area. For most profiles, this tab has a\ntable with wages in the major industries employing the occupation. It does not\ninclude pay for self-employed workers, agriculture workers, or workers in\nprivate households because these data are not collected by the Occupational\nEmployment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey, the source of BLS wage data in\nthe OOH.\n\n## State & Area Data\n\nThe State and Area Data tab provides links to state and area occupational data\nfrom the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program, state\nprojections data from Projections Central, and occupational information from\nthe Department of Labor's CareerOneStop.\n\n## Job Outlook\n\nThe Job Outlook tab describes the factors that affect employment growth or\ndecline in the occupation, and in some instances, describes the relationship\nbetween the number of job seekers and the number of job openings.\n\n## Similar Occupations\n\nThe Similar Occupations tab describes occupations that share similar duties,\nskills, interests, education, or training with the occupation covered in the\nprofile.\n\n## Contacts for More Information\n\nThe More Information tab provides the Internet addresses of associations,\ngovernment agencies, unions, and other organizations that can provide\nadditional information on the occupation. This tab also includes links to\nrelevant occupational information from the Occupational Information Network\n(O*NET).\n\n## 2020 Median Pay\n\nThe wage at which half of the workers in the occupation earned more than that\namount and half earned less. Median wage data are from the BLS Occupational\nEmployment and Wage Statistics survey. In May 2020, the median annual wage for\nall workers was $41,950.\n\n## On-the-job Training\n\nAdditional training needed (postemployment) to attain competency in the skills\nneeded in this occupation.\n\n## Entry-level Education\n\nTypical level of education that most workers need to enter this occupation.\n\n## Work experience in a related occupation\n\nWork experience that is commonly considered necessary by employers, or is a\ncommonly accepted substitute for more formal types of training or education.\n\n## Number of Jobs, 2020\n\nThe employment, or size, of this occupation in 2020, which is the base year of\nthe 2020-30 employment projections.\n\n## Job Outlook, 2020-30\n\nThe projected percent change in employment from 2020 to 2030. The average\ngrowth rate for all occupations is 8 percent.\n\n## Employment Change, 2020-30\n\nThe projected numeric change in employment from 2020 to 2030.\n\n## Entry-level Education\n\nTypical level of education that most workers need to enter this occupation.\n\n## On-the-job Training\n\nAdditional training needed (postemployment) to attain competency in the skills\nneeded in this occupation.\n\n## Employment Change, projected 2020-30\n\nThe projected numeric change in employment from 2020 to 2030.\n\n## Growth Rate (Projected)\n\nThe percent change of employment for each occupation from 2020 to 2030.\n\n## Projected Number of New Jobs\n\nThe projected numeric change in employment from 2020 to 2030.\n\n## Projected Growth Rate\n\nThe projected percent change in employment from 2020 to 2030.\n\n## 2020 Median Pay\n\nThe wage at which half of the workers in the occupation earned more than that\namount and half earned less. Median wage data are from the BLS Occupational\nEmployment and Wage Statistics survey. In May 2020, the median annual wage for\nall workers was $41,950.\n\nRecommend this page using:\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nLinkedIn\n\n * Home\n * Subjects\n * Data Tools\n * Publications\n * Economic Releases\n * Classroom\n * Beta\n\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Office of Occupational Statistics and\nEmployment Projections PSB Suite 2135 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE Washington, DC\n20212-0001 Telephone: 1-202-691-5700 www.bls.gov/ooh Contact OOH\n\nresources\n\n * Inspector General (OIG)\n * Budget and Performance\n * No Fear Act\n * USA.gov\n\nabout the site\n\n * Sitemap\n * Freedom of Information Act\n * Privacy and Security Statement\n * Disclaimers\n * Linking and Copyright Info\n * Important Website Notices\n * Help and Tutorials\n\nConnect With BLS\n\nTwitter Youtube Email\n\n * Publications\n * Occupational Outlook Handbook\n * Healthcare\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/physical-therapist-assistant", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210610225949/https://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/physical-therapist-assistant", "parsed_text": { "title": "Physical Therapist Assistant - Career Rankings, Salary, Reviews and Advice", "passages": [ "32,200\nPhysical therapists generally examine a patient and prescribe a plan of care. It's the job of the physical therapist assistant to carry out that plan. Their work can include manually maneuvering a patient's body for different massages or stretches prescribed to relieve damages incurred by disease or injury. Or they might explain different exercises and observe the patients while they do them. They might also use different equipment or machines to help with therapy.", "More than a decade ago, Chris Garland's mother underwent ACL surgery. In the days that followed, Garland took her mother to physical therapy appointments. \"I sat back and watched,\" she says. What she saw was science and problem- solving in action. She saw compassionate physical therapists and physical therapist assistants building relationships with their patients and helping them reach their fullest potential. Garland was hooked.", "After more than 15 years of working in marketing, Garland went back to school, earned an associate degree in Applied Science and became a physical therapist assistant. \"I kicked myself for not doing this sooner,\" she says. \"I wish I had done this 20 years ago.\" The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 32.6 percent employment growth for physical therapist assistants between 2019 and 2029. In that period, an estimated 32,200 jobs should open up.", "32,200\nPhysical therapists generally examine a patient and prescribe a plan of care. It's the job of the physical therapist assistant to carry out that plan. Their work can include manually maneuvering a patient's body for different massages or stretches prescribed to relieve damages incurred by disease or injury. Or they might explain different exercises and observe the patients while they do them. They might also use different equipment or machines to help with therapy.", "More than a decade ago, Chris Garland's mother underwent ACL surgery. In the days that followed, Garland took her mother to physical therapy appointments. \"I sat back and watched,\" she says. What she saw was science and problem- solving in action. She saw compassionate physical therapists and physical therapist assistants building relationships with their patients and helping them reach their fullest potential. Garland was hooked.", "After more than 15 years of working in marketing, Garland went back to school, earned an associate degree in Applied Science and became a physical therapist assistant. \"I kicked myself for not doing this sooner,\" she says. \"I wish I had done this 20 years ago.\" The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 32.6 percent employment growth for physical therapist assistants between 2019 and 2029. In that period, an estimated 32,200 jobs should open up.", "Physical Therapist Assistants rank #1 in Best Health Care Support Jobs. Jobs are ranked according to their ability to offer an elusive mix of factors. Read more about how we rank the best jobs.", "Physical Therapist Assistants made a median salary of $58,790 in 2019. The best-paid 25 percent made $69,880 that year, while the lowest-paid 25 percent made $47,690.", "Physical therapist assistants must have an associate degree from an accredited physical therapy program. These programs, of which there are about 300 in the country, include didactic coursework and a clinical component.", "All states require that physical therapist assistants become licensed. Obtaining this licensure usually requires completing an accredited physical therapist assistant program and passing the certifying board exam, offered through the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy. Some states might additionally insist that practicing physical therapist assistants undergo other hurdles, including a criminal background check and other state-specific exams.", "Average Americans work well into their 60s, so workers might as well have a job that's enjoyable and a career that's fulfilling. A job with a low stress level, good work-life balance and solid prospects to improve, get promoted and earn a higher salary would make many employees happy. Here's how Physical Therapist Assistants job satisfaction is rated in terms of upward mobility, stress level and flexibility.", "The job market for the class of 2021 looks much better than for last year’s college grads – especially in these specific industries.", "People in these jobs may be best positioned to ride out any economic upheaval that may be coming our way.", "A job title shows a person's function or seniority in a company, but it doesn't paint a full picture of a worker's value.", "Job seekers may find themselves ghosted or “breadcrumbed” in today’s competitive job market. Here's why and what to do about it." ] }, "parsed_md": "Physical Therapist Assistant - Career Rankings, Salary, Reviews and Advice |\nUS News Best Jobs\n\n# Physical Therapist Assistant Overview\n\nOverall Score 7.2 / 10\n\n * #1 in Best Health Care Support Jobs\n * #13 in 100 Best Jobs\n\n## What is a Physical Therapist Assistant?\n\nMedian Salary\n\n $58,790\nUnemployment Rate\n\n 1.3%\nNumber of Jobs\n\n 32,200\n\n## What is a Physical Therapist Assistant?\n\nMedian Salary\n\n $58,790\nUnemployment Rate\n\n 1.3%\nNumber of Jobs\n\n 32,200\n\nPhysical therapists generally examine a patient and prescribe a plan of care.\nIt's the job of the physical therapist assistant to carry out that plan. Their\nwork can include manually maneuvering a patient's body for different massages\nor stretches prescribed to relieve damages incurred by disease or injury. Or\nthey might explain different exercises and observe the patients while they do\nthem. They might also use different equipment or machines to help with\ntherapy.\n\nMore than a decade ago, Chris Garland's mother underwent ACL surgery. In the\ndays that followed, Garland took her mother to physical therapy appointments.\n\"I sat back and watched,\" she says. What she saw was science and problem-\nsolving in action. She saw compassionate physical therapists and physical\ntherapist assistants building relationships with their patients and helping\nthem reach their fullest potential. Garland was hooked.\n\nAfter more than 15 years of working in marketing, Garland went back to school,\nearned an associate degree in Applied Science and became a physical therapist\nassistant. \"I kicked myself for not doing this sooner,\" she says. \"I wish I\nhad done this 20 years ago.\" The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 32.6\npercent employment growth for physical therapist assistants between 2019 and\n2029. In that period, an estimated 32,200 jobs should open up.\n\nMedian Salary\n\n $58,790\nUnemployment Rate\n\n 1.3%\nNumber of Jobs\n\n 32,200\n\nPhysical therapists generally examine a patient and prescribe a plan of care.\nIt's the job of the physical therapist assistant to carry out that plan. Their\nwork can include manually maneuvering a patient's body for different massages\nor stretches prescribed to relieve damages incurred by disease or injury. Or\nthey might explain different exercises and observe the patients while they do\nthem. They might also use different equipment or machines to help with\ntherapy.\n\nMore than a decade ago, Chris Garland's mother underwent ACL surgery. In the\ndays that followed, Garland took her mother to physical therapy appointments.\n\"I sat back and watched,\" she says. What she saw was science and problem-\nsolving in action. She saw compassionate physical therapists and physical\ntherapist assistants building relationships with their patients and helping\nthem reach their fullest potential. Garland was hooked.\n\nAfter more than 15 years of working in marketing, Garland went back to school,\nearned an associate degree in Applied Science and became a physical therapist\nassistant. \"I kicked myself for not doing this sooner,\" she says. \"I wish I\nhad done this 20 years ago.\" The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 32.6\npercent employment growth for physical therapist assistants between 2019 and\n2029. In that period, an estimated 32,200 jobs should open up.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n### What is the best career fit for me? Take our assessment now.\n\nFinding your dream job starts with knowing what makes you the way you are.\n\nSimple\n\nStatements that relate to you.\n\nUnique\n\nBe yourself, answer honestly.\n\nQuick\n\nGetting matched takes only four minutes.\n\nGet Matched!\n\n## U.S. NEWS BEST JOBS\n\n## Rankings\n\nPhysical Therapist Assistants rank #1 in Best Health Care Support Jobs. Jobs\nare ranked according to their ability to offer an elusive mix of factors. Read\nmore about how we rank the best jobs.\n\n * #1\n\nin Best Health Care Support Jobs\n\n * #13\n\nin 100 Best Jobs\n\n7.2\n\n### Scorecard\n\n * 6.1Salary\n\n * 8Job Market\n\n * 8Future Growth\n\n * 6Stress\n\n * 6Work Life Balance\n\nHow We Rank Jobs\n\n## How Much Does a Physical Therapist Assistant Make?\n\nPhysical Therapist Assistants made a median salary of $58,790 in 2019. The\nbest-paid 25 percent made $69,880 that year, while the lowest-paid 25 percent\nmade $47,690.\n\nSee Full Salary Details »\n\nHow Much Do Physical Therapist Assistants Make in Your City?\n\nSee current salary offers for jobs in your field.\n\n## How to Become a Physical Therapist Assistant?\n\nPhysical therapist assistants must have an associate degree from an accredited\nphysical therapy program. These programs, of which there are about 300 in the\ncountry, include didactic coursework and a clinical component.\n\nAll states require that physical therapist assistants become licensed.\nObtaining this licensure usually requires completing an accredited physical\ntherapist assistant program and passing the certifying board exam, offered\nthrough the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy. Some states might\nadditionally insist that practicing physical therapist assistants undergo\nother hurdles, including a criminal background check and other state-specific\nexams.\n\n## Find a Job\n\n## Job Satisfaction\n\nAverage Americans work well into their 60s, so workers might as well have a\njob that's enjoyable and a career that's fulfilling. A job with a low stress\nlevel, good work-life balance and solid prospects to improve, get promoted and\nearn a higher salary would make many employees happy. Here's how Physical\nTherapist Assistants job satisfaction is rated in terms of upward mobility,\nstress level and flexibility.\n\nUpward Mobility\n\nUpward Mobility\n\nOpportunities for advancements and salary\n\nAverage\n\nOpportunities for advancements and salary\n\nStress Level\n\nStress Level\n\nWork environment and complexities of the job's responsibilities\n\nAverage\n\nWork environment and complexities of the job's responsibilities\n\nFlexibility\n\nFlexibility\n\nAlternative working schedule and work life balance\n\nAverage\n\nAlternative working schedule and work life balance\n\nAdvice From Real Physical Therapist Assistants »\n\nEmily H. Bratcher\n\nEmily Halonen Bratcher’s writing and editing has appeared in many national\noutlets and ... Read more\n\nPrevious: Job Openings\n\nNext: Salary\n\n## Best Health Care Support Jobs\n\n * #1\n\nPhysical Therapist Assistant\n\n * #2\n\nOrthotist and Prosthetist\n\n * #3\n\nPersonal Care Aide\n\n * #3\n\nHome Health Aide\n\n * #5\n\nDental Hygienist\n\nSee Full Rankings List\n\n## Similar Jobs\n\nPhysical Therapist\n\nMedian Salary: $89,440\n\nOccupational Therapy Assistant\n\nMedian Salary: $61,510\n\nSearch All Jobs\n\nRecommended\n\n * Careers\n\n### 16 Low-Stress Jobs\n\nThere are no totally stress-free jobs, but these low-stress careers come\npretty close.\n\nMaryalene LaPonsieJune 10, 2021\n\n * Careers\n\n### 9 Companies Offering Unlimited Vacation\n\nUnlimited PTO is an increasingly desirable employee benefit.\n\nGeoff WilliamsJune 9, 2021\n\n * Careers\n\n### What Is Flexible Time Off?\n\nHere's how flex PTO works and how it differs from unlimited vacation.\n\nGeoff WilliamsJune 7, 2021\n\n * Careers\n\n### 8 Types of Employee Benefits\n\nJob offers can come with perks. Here's a closer look at some of the common\nemployee benefits offered.\n\nHallie CrawfordMay 28, 2021\n\n * On Careers\n\n### Resume Objective Tips and Examples\n\nUse these tips to stand out from the crowd and land the job.\n\nHallie CrawfordMay 26, 2021\n\n * On Careers\n\n### Job Outlook for Recent College Graduates\n\nThe job market for the class of 2021 looks much better than for last year’s\ncollege grads – especially in these specific industries.\n\nRobin MadellMay 24, 2021\n\n * Careers\n\n### 25 Highest Paying Jobs Without a Degree\n\nThese jobs pay the most without a degree, although a license or training will\nprobably be required.\n\nGeoff WilliamsMay 24, 2021\n\n * Careers\n\n### Careers With the Most Job Security\n\nPeople in these jobs may be best positioned to ride out any economic upheaval\nthat may be coming our way.\n\nMaryalene LaPonsieMay 20, 2021\n\n * On Careers\n\n### What Is a Job Title?\n\nA job title shows a person's function or seniority in a company, but it\ndoesn't paint a full picture of a worker's value.\n\nPeter A. GudmundssonMay 18, 2021\n\n * On Careers\n\n### Not Hearing Back From a Job Interview?\n\nJob seekers may find themselves ghosted or “breadcrumbed” in today’s\ncompetitive job market. Here's why and what to do about it.\n\nRobin MadellMay 10, 2021\n\nInvesting\n\nBest Mutual Funds\n\nBest ETFs\n\nBest Stocks\n\nFinancial Advisors\n\n529s\n\nInvesting 101\n\nStock Market News\n\nDividends\n\nRetirement\n\n401(k)s\n\nIRAs\n\nSocial Security\n\nMedicare\n\nBaby Boomers\n\nAging\n\nCareers\n\nBest Jobs\n\nSearch Job Openings\n\nApplying for a Job\n\nInterviewing\n\nSalaries and Benefits\n\nCompany Culture\n\nPersonal Finance\n\nSpending\n\nSaving and Budgeting\n\nTaxes\n\nFamily Finance\n\nDebt\n\nCredit Cards\n\nLoans\n\nBanking\n\nReal Estate\n\nBest Places to Live\n\nBest Places to Retire\n\nInvesting\n\nRetirement\n\nCareers\n\nPersonal Finance\n\nCredit Cards\n\nLoans\n\nBanking\n\nReal Estate\n\nAbout U.S. News\n\nEditorial Guidelines\n\nContact\n\nPress\n\nAdvertise\n\nNewsletters\n\nJobs\n\nSite Map\n\nStore\n\nCopyright 2021 © U.S. News & World Report L.P.Terms & Conditions/Privacy\nPolicy/California Privacy Notice/California Do Not Sell My Personal\nInformation Request\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.apta.org:80/apta/hotJobs/default.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170805055745/http://www.apta.org:80/apta/hotJobs/default.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Red Hot Jobs", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "test\n\nAPTA - Red Hot Jobs\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.apta.org/PTACareers/Overview/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200302041125/https://www.apta.org/PTACareers/Overview/", "parsed_text": { "title": "About Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA) Careers", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "About Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA) Careers\n\n###### About Us\n\n * Membership & Benefits\n * Vision & Strategic Plan\n * Policies & Bylaws\n * Leadership & Governance\n * Chapters & Sections\n * Honors & Awards Program\n * APTA Staff\n * Jobs at APTA\n * Strategic Business Partners\n\n###### Careers & Education\n\n * Find Jobs\n * Courses & Conferences\n * About PT/PTA Careers\n * Career Management\n * Career Development\n * For Educators\n\n###### Practice & Patient Care\n\n * Patient Care\n * Practice Administration\n * Evidence & Research\n * Licensure\n * Scope of Practice\n * Ethics & Professionalism\n * Legal Matters\n * PR & Marketing\n\n###### Payment\n\n * Coding & Billing\n * Private Insurance\n * Medicare\n * Medicaid\n * Workers' Compensation\n * Tricare & VA\n * Info for Payers\n\n###### Advocacy\n\n * Federal Advocacy\n * State Advocacy\n * Take Action\n * Involvement Opportunities\n * PT-PAC\n * For Legislators\n\n###### News & Publications\n\n * Latest News\n * PTJ (Journal)\n * PT in Motion\n * Guide to PT Practice\n * Blogs\n * Podcasts\n * Social Media\n * Other Publications\n * For Media\n\n * American Physical Therapy Association | 1111 North Fairfax Street, Alexandria, VA 22314-1488 703/684-APTA (2782)\n * 800/999-2782\n * 703/684-7343 (fax)\n\n * Contact Us\n * For Advertisers & Exhibitors\n * For Media\n * Follow APTA\n\nAll contents © 2019 American Physical Therapy Association. All Rights\nReserved.\n\nUse of this and other APTA websites constitutes acceptance of our Terms &\nConditions | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/MakingaTestingAppointment.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181005071300/http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/MakingaTestingAppointment.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Making a Testing Appointment", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Making a Testing Appointment | FSBPT\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/TakingtheExamination.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181008090019/http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/TakingtheExamination.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Taking the Examination", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Taking the Examination | FSBPT\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://peac-aepc.ca/english/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210124112655/https://peac-aepc.ca/english/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Welcome to Physiotherapy Education Accreditation Canada", "passages": [ "July 2020Results of the 2019 education program annual survey which gathers a variety of information about entry-level physiotherapy programs in Canada. click for the report»", "Guidance to Programs – March 26, 2020PEAC provided a guidance document to programs regarding accreditation requirements during the COVID-19 pandemic. See details here»", "Physiotherapy Education Accreditation Canada (PEAC) conducts accreditation reviews of Canada's fifteen Physiotherapy education programs. All physiotherapy programs in Canada currently hold an accredited status. PEAC is also the administrator of the Occupational Therapist Assistant and Physiotherapist Assistant Education Accreditation Program, in collaboration with the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists (CAOT) and associated post-secondary educators.", "As a founding member of the Association of Accrediting Agencies of Canada (AAAC), PEAC Is committed to following its Guidelines for Good Practice in the accreditation of professional programs.", "Canadian Alliance of Physiotherapy Regulators If you are an individual looking to become licensed to practise physiotherapy in Canada, click here for resources and information." ] }, "parsed_md": "Welcome to Physiotherapy Education Accreditation Canada\n\nOctober 2020Read our October 2020 eBlast: \"What's New at PEAC\"\n\nJuly 2020Results of the 2019 education program annual survey which gathers a\nvariety of information about entry-level physiotherapy programs in Canada.\nclick for the report»\n\nCOVID-19\n\nGuidance to Programs – March 26, 2020PEAC provided a guidance document to\nprograms regarding accreditation requirements during the COVID-19 pandemic.\nSee details here»\n\nSpring 2020\n\nRead the 2019 PEAC annual report and financial statements:PEAC Annual Report\nfor 2019\n\nclick here for more news »\n\nPEAC is a federally incorporated not-for-profit organization.\n\nPhysiotherapy Education Accreditation Canada (PEAC) conducts accreditation\nreviews of Canada's fifteen Physiotherapy education programs. All\nphysiotherapy programs in Canada currently hold an accredited status. PEAC is\nalso the administrator of the Occupational Therapist Assistant and\nPhysiotherapist Assistant Education Accreditation Program, in collaboration\nwith the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists (CAOT) and associated\npost-secondary educators.\n\nAs a founding member of the Association of Accrediting Agencies of Canada\n(AAAC), PEAC Is committed to following its Guidelines for Good Practice in the\naccreditation of professional programs.\n\nCanadian Alliance of Physiotherapy Regulators If you are an individual looking\nto become licensed to practise physiotherapy in Canada, click here for\nresources and information.\n\nOTA & PTA EAP Occupational Therapist Assistant & Physiotherapist Assistant\nEducation Accreditation Program.\n\nHome • Contact Us • Privacy Policy • Tel: 226-636-0632 • Email: info@peac-\naepc.ca © Copyright 2013 Physiotherapy Education Accreditation Canada •\nWebsite designed and created by Monkeytree Creative\n\n * programs with accreditation status\n * levels of accreditation\n * accreditation standards\n * self study report\n * fee schedule\n\n * competency profiles\n * accreditation handbooks\n * sample reports\n * fact sheets\n * webinars\n\n * peer review team members\n\n * mission, vision and values\n * committee members\n * board members\n * policies & procedures\n * bylaw\n * news\n\nOTA/PTA Disclaimer\n\nX\n\nclose window \n \n---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/ExaminationResultsandScoring.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190505083138/http://www.fsbpt.org:80/FreeResources/NPTECandidateHandbook/ExaminationResultsandScoring.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Examination Results and Scoring", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Examination Results and Scoring | FSBPT\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/careers/health-care-support-physical-therapist-assistants", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151016163821/https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/careers/health-care-support-physical-therapist-assistants", "parsed_text": { "title": "Become a Physical Therapist Assistant", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Become a Physical Therapist Assistant - Careers - The College Board\n\n * SAT\n * AP\n * College Planning\n * College Search\n * Professional Development\n * Store\n * AP Central®\n * K-12 Services\n * Higher Ed\n * College Guidance\n * En Español\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Advocacy\n * Membership\n * News & Press\n * Research\n * Site Map\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * SAT^ ®\n * SAT Subject TestsTM\n * AP^ ®\n * PSAT/NMSQT^ ®\n * CLEP^ ®\n * SpringBoard^ ®\n * SSD\n * Accuplacer^®\n * Contact Us\n * Help\n * En Español\n * Social Media\n\n" } ]
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How To Get Rid of Rodents Naturally
To get rid of rodents naturally, try discouraging them from entering your home with off-putting smells. For example, place an open container of mothballs in the corners of the rooms where rodents are a problem. Alternatively, rub peppermint oil on floorboards, door frames, and other areas where they like to travel. Then, seal any holes and cracks along those areas with caulk, putty, or weatherstripping. Additionally, keep your food in sealed, airtight containers made of glass or hard plastic to prevent the rodents from smelling or eating your food.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421102626/https://how-to-get-rid-of-mice.com/natural-home-remedies/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422232405/https://kingcounty.gov/depts/health/environmental-health/animals/rat-prevention.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417144510/https://housewifehowtos.com/clean/get-rid-mice-naturally/" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://how-to-get-rid-of-mice.com/natural-home-remedies/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421102626/https://how-to-get-rid-of-mice.com/natural-home-remedies/", "parsed_text": { "title": "10 Of The Best Home Remedies To Get Rid Of Mice Naturally", "passages": [ "How to get rid of mice and keep them out of your home. Proven tips to get rid of mice quickly and safely.", "If you can’t stand the idea of using traps or poison, there are plenty of home remedies that can help rid you of your mouse problem once and for all.", "If you have pets or small children, the last thing you want to do is set up traps or use poison around your home. Home remedies are usually simple, harmless to kids and other pets, and in many cases, the more humane option.", "Over the years, farmers and homeowners have shared their tricks and tips on how to get rid of mice naturally, and many of these remedies use items you probably already have in your home.", "Mice aren’t big fans of peppermint. Its fresh scent may smell great to you, but it will send mice running for the hills.", "Peppermint oil spray is a good option for larger areas. You can spray it on the exterior of your home, in your car or RV, and near the garage door threshold, a favorite entry point of mice.", "If you want to go the extra mile, try planting mint along the exterior of your home to deter mice and keep them away from your home altogether.", "Simply sprinkle a few tablespoons where the mice frequent. The mice will eat the potatoes, but the flakes will expand in their stomachs and kill them before they’re fully digested.", "Looking for a simple way to send those pesky mice packing? Make sure that your food is properly stored away.", "Mice can – and will – gnaw away at just about anything to get into your home and your food. Keep food in airtight, plastic containers, and out of the mouse’s reach.", "Mice can’t sneak into your kitchen cabinets and pantry if there’s no entryway into your home. Remember, mice can fit through even the smallest of holes and cracks.", "Once you’ve located possible entry points, mark them with chalk, clean the area and get ready to seal it up.", "If the hole is small, you can use a copper scouring pad or green kitchen pad to seal the entry point. Mice won’t be able to gnaw through these materials. If the hole is large, you’ll need to repair it.", "Cats are natural predators of mice. If a mouse suspects a cat lives in your home, it will quickly run the other way.", "Many farmers and homeowners suggest placing tubs of used kitty litter near suspected entry points in your home. The mice will smell the cat’s urine and scurry away.", "Introducing natural predators into your home or backyard is one of the most effective and natural ways to get rid of mice. This includes domestic predators like cats and dogs or wild ones such as owls, hawks, and snakes.", "Of course, the simplest and easiest solution would be to get a cat. Most people find that after they bring a cat home, their mice problem is solved in a matter of days. Just remember that a cat is a serious commitment, and while they’re excellent mouse hunters, you’ll still need to care for them just as you would any other pet.", "If cats aren’t your thing, you can try and attract barn owls to cut down on the mouse population. Barn owls are also natural predators of mice.", "To attract barn owls, build or buy a nest box and place it in your yard. Nesting boxes should be mounted 10 to 15 feet from the ground.", "If you don’t have a tree where the box can be mounted, a pole or even an old shed can be used.", "You will find the distant hooting of owls in your yard is quite a soothing sound and can be very effective to keep mice away from your property.", "Remember those holes and cracks we talked about earlier? If copper scouring pads or green kitchen pads aren’t deterring the mice, steel wool is another great option.", "Simply stick the steel wool in any cracks, crevices, or holes in your home to keep mice out. You can use a bit of silicone to keep it in place.", "If you can’t keep the mice out and you have no interest in harming them, try using a humane trap. These let mice in, but they can’t get out.", "Once you’ve caught one, you can release it back into the wild. Just make sure you take the mouse at least a mile away from your home.", "The scent will send mice running the other way, but just make sure you place the onion in a place where pets can’t reach it.", "And do make sure you place a fresh one out every day or every other day. Otherwise, you’ll have an entirely different (and smelly) problem on your hands.", "The Plaster of Paris and cocoa powder remedy comes from a woman who lived on a farm in the Catskills.", "You don’t have to resort to poison or inhumane traps to kill mice. By using a few simple home remedies to get rid of mice, you can execute your own DIY pest control plan and with a little luck be done with them once and for all.", "The best part? Most of these home remedies are natural, so you don’t have to put your child’s or pet’s health at risk.", "For more ways to tackle your mouse problem, be sure to read our main article: 7 Ways to Get Rid of Mice Fast.", "Select one of our content hubs below for more information on getting rid of mice in and around your home.", "We may earn a commission if you buy products from links on this page. However, we only recommend products that we feel will do the best job to keep your home pest-free. Read more about how it works here.", "This website uses affiliate links and may receive a commission if you purchase products. Learn more on our Affiliates Disclosure page." ] }, "parsed_md": "10 Of The Best Home Remedies To Get Rid Of Mice Naturally\n\nHow to Get Rid of Mice\n\nHow to get rid of mice and keep them out of your home. Proven tips to get rid\nof mice quickly and safely.\n\n# Natural Ways to Get Rid Of Mice – 10 Popular Home Remedies\n\nUpdated: February 24, 2021 Edited by: Jamie\n\nIf you can’t stand the idea of using traps or poison, there are plenty of home\nremedies that can help rid you of your mouse problem once and for all.\n\n## Why People Prefer Home Remedies\n\nWhy use home remedies when poisons and traps are readily available? Most\npeople prefer home remedies because:\n\n 1. They’re effective\n 2. They’re typically non-toxic and natural\n\nIf you have pets or small children, the last thing you want to do is set up\ntraps or use poison around your home. Home remedies are usually simple,\nharmless to kids and other pets, and in many cases, the more humane option.\n\n## 10 Home Remedies To Get Rid Of Mice Naturally\n\nOver the years, farmers and homeowners have shared their tricks and tips on\nhow to get rid of mice naturally, and many of these remedies use items you\nprobably already have in your home.\n\n### 1\\. Peppermint Oil – Repel Mice With Essential Oils\n\nMice aren’t big fans of peppermint. Its fresh scent may smell great to you,\nbut it will send mice running for the hills.\n\nPlace a little peppermint oil on cotton balls and place them in entryways,\nkitchen cabinets, and suspected entry points.\n\nPeppermint oil spray is a good option for larger areas. You can spray it on\nthe exterior of your home, in your car or RV, and near the garage door\nthreshold, a favorite entry point of mice.\n\nIf you want to go the extra mile, try planting mint along the exterior of your\nhome to deter mice and keep them away from your home altogether.\n\nIf you prefer not to use oil, you can use mint leaves or mint toothpaste\ninstead.\n\n### 2\\. Instant Potatoes – An Old School Remedy\n\nInstant mashed potatoes are a frugal way to get rid of mice.\n\nSimply sprinkle a few tablespoons where the mice frequent. The mice will eat\nthe potatoes, but the flakes will expand in their stomachs and kill them\nbefore they’re fully digested.\n\nJust to be safe, make sure that the flakes are out of reach of any pets you\nhave.\n\n### 3\\. Proper Food Storage – Keep Food Locked Up Tight\n\nLooking for a simple way to send those pesky mice packing? Make sure that your\nfood is properly stored away.\n\nMice can – and will – gnaw away at just about anything to get into your home\nand your food. Keep food in airtight, plastic containers, and out of the\nmouse’s reach.\n\nWhile you’re at it, move all of your outdoor trash cans as far away from your\nhome as possible.\n\n### 4\\. Hole Patching – Seal Any Holes Larger Than 1/4 Inch\n\nMice can’t sneak into your kitchen cabinets and pantry if there’s no entryway\ninto your home. Remember, mice can fit through even the smallest of holes and\ncracks.\n\nSeal holes in exterior and interior walls to prevent them from wiggling their\nway inside.\n\nFinding holes can be like finding a needle in a haystack. Here are some tips:\n\n * You’ll almost always find feces near an entryway.\n * Mice sometimes leave behind greasy stains around entry points.\n * Mice also leave a distinct odor behind, so you can use your nose to sniff out possible entryways.\n\nOnce you’ve located possible entry points, mark them with chalk, clean the\narea and get ready to seal it up.\n\nIf the hole is small, you can use a copper scouring pad or green kitchen pad\nto seal the entry point. Mice won’t be able to gnaw through these materials.\nIf the hole is large, you’ll need to repair it.\n\n### 5\\. Used Kitty Litter – Sprinkle It Around Entryways\n\nCats are natural predators of mice. If a mouse suspects a cat lives in your\nhome, it will quickly run the other way.\n\nMany farmers and homeowners suggest placing tubs of used kitty litter near\nsuspected entry points in your home. The mice will smell the cat’s urine and\nscurry away.\n\n### 6\\. Natural Predators – Cats and Owls\n\nIntroducing natural predators into your home or backyard is one of the most\neffective and natural ways to get rid of mice. This includes domestic\npredators like cats and dogs or wild ones such as owls, hawks, and snakes.\n\nOf course, the simplest and easiest solution would be to get a cat. Most\npeople find that after they bring a cat home, their mice problem is solved in\na matter of days. Just remember that a cat is a serious commitment, and while\nthey’re excellent mouse hunters, you’ll still need to care for them just as\nyou would any other pet.\n\nIf cats aren’t your thing, you can try and attract barn owls to cut down on\nthe mouse population. Barn owls are also natural predators of mice.\n\nJust one family of these owls can devour 15 mice in a single night – talk\nabout effective!\n\nTo attract barn owls, build or buy a nest box and place it in your yard.\nNesting boxes should be mounted 10 to 15 feet from the ground.\n\nIf you don’t have a tree where the box can be mounted, a pole or even an old\nshed can be used.\n\nYou will find the distant hooting of owls in your yard is quite a soothing\nsound and can be very effective to keep mice away from your property.\n\n### 7\\. Steel Wool – Works Great To Patch Holes\n\nRemember those holes and cracks we talked about earlier? If copper scouring\npads or green kitchen pads aren’t deterring the mice, steel wool is another\ngreat option.\n\nMice cannot chew through the wire and it actually irritates their teeth.\n\nSimply stick the steel wool in any cracks, crevices, or holes in your home to\nkeep mice out. You can use a bit of silicone to keep it in place.\n\n### 8\\. Humane Traps – Catch And Release The Mice\n\nIf you can’t keep the mice out and you have no interest in harming them, try\nusing a humane trap. These let mice in, but they can’t get out.\n\nOnce you’ve caught one, you can release it back into the wild. Just make sure\nyou take the mouse at least a mile away from your home.\n\n### 9\\. Onions – Repel Mice With Strong Smells\n\nOnions are another pungent smell that mice hate. This remedy can be a bit\ntricky because:\n\n 1. Onions will rot if left out for several days, and\n 2. Onions are toxic to some animals, like dogs and cats.\n\nThe scent will send mice running the other way, but just make sure you place\nthe onion in a place where pets can’t reach it.\n\nAnd do make sure you place a fresh one out every day or every other day.\nOtherwise, you’ll have an entirely different (and smelly) problem on your\nhands.\n\n### 10\\. Plaster of Paris and Cocoa Powder\n\nPrepare a homemade mouse poison using cocoa powder and Plaster Paris.\n\nThe Plaster of Paris and cocoa powder remedy comes from a woman who lived on a\nfarm in the Catskills.\n\n * Take dry plaster of Paris and mix with cocoa powder (or chocolate milk powder).\n * Set the mixture out where mice frequent. Make sure the mixture is dry.\n * The mice will be attracted to the chocolate and eat the mixture.\n * But soon after eating, they’ll leave your home to search for water and die.\n\n## Summary\n\nYou don’t have to resort to poison or inhumane traps to kill mice. By using a\nfew simple home remedies to get rid of mice, you can execute your own DIY pest\ncontrol plan and with a little luck be done with them once and for all.\n\nThe best part? Most of these home remedies are natural, so you don’t have to\nput your child’s or pet’s health at risk.\n\nFor more ways to tackle your mouse problem, be sure to read our main article:\n7 Ways to Get Rid of Mice Fast.\n\n#### Resource Lists & Content Hubs\n\nSelect one of our content hubs below for more information on getting rid of\nmice in and around your home.\n\nThe Best Mousetraps For Getting Rid of Mice\n\nMouse Control Strategies By Location\n\nHow To Find And Hire A Pest Control Expert\n\nNatural Ways to Get Rid of Mice\n\nPopular Products to Repel Mice\n\nFacts and Information About Mice\n\n#### Disclosure\n\nWe may earn a commission if you buy products from links on this page. However,\nwe only recommend products that we feel will do the best job to keep your home\npest-free. Read more about how it works here.\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use – Disclaimer\n\nThis website uses affiliate links and may receive a commission if you purchase\nproducts. Learn more on our Affiliates Disclosure page.\n\nAs an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.\n\n#### Join Us on Social Media\n\nCopyright © 2021\n\nScroll Up\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://kingcounty.gov/depts/health/environmental-health/animals/rat-prevention.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422232405/https://kingcounty.gov/depts/health/environmental-health/animals/rat-prevention.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to get rid of rats and mice", "passages": [ "dangerous. They can ruin your food, destroy things in your home and start electrical fires. Rats and mice also carry diseases that can make people sick.", "To file a complaint about rodent infestations, rats in toilets or rodents (rats) associated with illegal dumping of garbage and solid waste, call us at 206-263-9566 or write us through Environmental Health's online services portal.", "Rats in toilets: Public Health investigates complaints about rats in toilets. Investigators may follow up on your complaint by inspecting sewers near your residence and baiting them if they see evidence of rats. Learn more about the Seattle Sewer Baiting Program.", "Rodent complaints: Public Health responds to complaints about rodent (rat and mice) infestations and neighborhood rodent issues. We can provide information to the property owner about rodent control, and in some cases we have enforcement of the King County Board of Health Title 8 requirements for rodent control.", "Homeowners and general questions about rats and rodent control: If you are a homeowner and have a rodent or rat problem, please read our website information below about rodent prevention and control for homeowners and tenants. Public Health cannot come to your home to eliminate rodents.", "Don't give food and shelter to these most unwanted guests! The time to act is before you see signs of rodents, which may include droppings, nests, gnaw marks, or a dead rodent.", "Sources of food that rodents are attracted to include birdseed, pet food, fruits and berries on the ground, bread crumbs, food waste, grease (e.g. such as an outdoor grill), and garbage. If you feed them, they will stay.", "Bird feeders should be on poles and seed in trays that rats can't reach. If a squirrel can reach the bird feeder so can a rat.", "Places where rats and rodents like to stay and seek shelter include firewood and wood piles, bushes, vines, tall grasses, and rockeries; unsecured buildings like garages, sheds, greenhouses, and barns; and vehicles, appliances, old furniture and junk.", "Keep bushes, vines, and tree branches cut back at least 3 feet from your house (Roof rats get into your house from tree branches that hang over the roof).", "Keep your kitchen sink rinsed clean and use garbage disposals as little as possible .Rinse out your kitchen sink once or twice a month using 1 cup of bleach (an alternative to using bleach - 1 cup of baking soda followed by 1 cup of vinegar) and rinsing with boiling water.", "If you find a rat in your toilet, flush it! (hint: squirt a little dishwashing liquid under the lid into the bowl, wait a couple of minutes then flush).", "If rodents have entered your home, shed, garage, vehicle, or other spaces, the best trap is the simple and cheap wooden \"snap trap.\" They are sold in hardware stores. Snap traps for rats and mice are different sizes. When setting snap traps, it is important to bait the trap with food and place it near where you have found droppings. Inside buildings, poisons are not recommended for rat control as poisoned rats can die in hard to reach places and cause a very bad smell.", "For controlling rats outside in areas along a building, fence, wood pile, etc. you may want to use bait stations. Always secure poison in bait stations so that it is not available to children, pets or wild animals. You must follow the instructions on the package label.", "Dead rodents must be double bagged and placed in the garbage. Do not touch a dead rodent with your bare hands. Use gloves and wash your hands with soap and warm water after removing gloves. Note: Only dead rodents can be disposed of in the garbage.", "It is very important to follow safe cleaning steps to stay healthy and prevent spreading diseases from rodents. If you find dead rodents, rodent nests, or urine and droppings see the CDC's guidance for cleaning up after rodents.", "Rodents, including squirrels, mice, and rats, may construct their nests in cars, trucks, campers, and other vehicles, especially if such vehicles are used infrequently. Rodent nesting materials can be found in many areas of a vehicle:", "Some rodents, such as deer mice, can carry hantavirus, and their nesting materials, droppings, and urine may contain hantavirus. People cleaning or riding in the car may be in contact with these infected materials. Infectious virus particles blowing onto passengers through the air vents may pose a risk to people who use the vehicle.", "An accumulation of nesting materials in the air intake system of a vehicle can also contribute to odors inside the passenger compartment, and could potentially impair engine performance, preventing the vehicle from starting, or causing it to run poorly. (These problems may also be caused by electrical wires and cables that the rodents have chewed on).", "While the car is in open air, open the hood to allow the engine compartment to air out for 20 minutes. Also, open vehicle doors and the trunk to facilitate airing out. Wearing plastic gloves and a long-sleeve shirt, inspect the engine compartment for evidence of nest building. Accumulations of nesting materials could occur anywhere but frequently occur between the battery and vehicle frame, in the area near the windshield wiper motors, or underneath air intake ducting or within the air filter.", "Areas of the vehicle with evidence of rodent activity (e.g., presence of dead rodents, droppings, or nesting materials) should be thoroughly disinfected and cleaned to reduce the likelihood of exposure to hantavirus-infected materials.", "To avoid generating potentially infectious aerosols, do not use a vacuum cleaner or sweep rodent urine, droppings, or contaminated surfaces until they have been disinfected. Also, do not use ‘power wash' high-pressure sprayers to soak or dislodge nests or droppings.", "First, remove the cables from the battery, to reduce the likelihood of getting shocked while cleaning out the nesting material. Then, using either a commercially labeled disinfectant or a mixture of 1 part bleach to 9 parts water, spray the materials until fully soaked and let sit 5 minutes, or follow the manufacturer's instructions for dilution and disinfection time. Then, use a paper towel to pick up the materials, and dispose of the waste in the garbage. After the rodent droppings and nesting materials have been removed, clean the rest of the area with additional disinfectant. When the recently- sprayed area is dry, reconnect the battery.", "Rodents may travel through the vehicle's air intake system, building nests on top of accordion-style air filters or in hoses and ducting leading directly to the passenger compartment. For engine compartment air filters, open the unit to reveal the filter. If you see evidence of rodent activity, spray as above using either a commercially labeled disinfectant or a mixture of 1 part bleach to 9 parts water. Spray the materials until fully soaked and let sit 5 minutes, or follow the manufacturer's instructions for dilution and disinfection time. Then, remove both the nesting materials and the air filter, and discard in the garbage. Insert the new replacement filter, and close the unit.", "Inspection, disinfection, and possible replacement of hoses, ductwork, other filters, fans, or other components of the system may be necessary if the rodent infestation is extensive, and should be carried out by qualified mechanics or automotive professionals, using appropriate precautions. Advise the mechanic of the potential for hantavirus.", "Rodents can enter the passenger compartment through ducting, through rusted areas, through areas where cabling passes, and from the trunk. A variety of approaches can be used to seal out holes and cracks where rodents can enter, depending upon the materials available. Do not leave any kind of food anywhere in the car, as it can attract rodents.", "Rodents can enter the trunk from holes in the body, through cable conduits, and from the back seats in certain vehicles. A variety of approaches can be used to seal out holes and cracks where rodents can enter, depending upon the materials available. Do not leave any kind of food anywhere in the car, as it can attract rodents.", "Before removing your gloves, rinse your gloved hands with disinfectant, empty the remaining disinfectant in the garbage bag containing the disposed material and seal the bag. Rinse your gloved hands with water, removed your gloves and terminate the process by washing your hands with soap and water.", "Regular exterior and interior inspection of a vehicle, whether in regular use, abandoned, or garaged for the season or otherwise stationary, will help prevent colonization or infestation of a vehicle. Snap traps and poison baits are effective in stopping rodent access into vehicles. When starting a vehicle that has been idle for an extended period, air it out first, and inspect the air intake and filters before starting the engine.", "Some rodent problems, such as heavy rodent infestations (piles of feces, numerous nests or dead rodents), may be too extensive to control on your own. For these situations Public Health recommends that you consult with a professional pest control company.", "Pest control professionals can be found by looking in the phone book and online. Inquire about \"integrated pest management\" or \"IPM\" services. IPM methods often use less poison and employ other techniques to control pests. A pest control operator should inspect, monitor, make recommendations, and possibly do the work for excluding rodents. Some crawl space/attic companies also offer pest control services. Interview companies and ask for references, including previous customers. When working with a professional pest control company, be clear about what you want done and monitor their performance.", "Ask to see their license. All pest control companies should be licensed and registered with the Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA). Washington pesticide law requires most businesses that commercially apply pesticides to be licensed as a Commercial Applicator." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to get rid of rats and mice - King County\n\nSkip to main content\n\nSkip to main content\n\nPublic Health — Seattle & King County\n\nEnvironmental Health Services\n\nAnimals and pets, rats and bugs\n\nRat and mice prevention\n\nSeattle Sewer Baiting Program\n\nGoat ownership Pet business regulations Avian influenza Bed bugs Rabies facts\nSwimmer's itch/rash West Nile virus Zoonotic Disease program\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Public Health — Seattle & King County\n 3. Environmental Health Services\n 4. Animals and pets, rats and bugs\n 5. Rat and mice prevention\n\n# How to get rid of rats and mice\n\n##### Rodents (rats and mice) are common pests in our area and can be\ndangerous. They can ruin your food, destroy things in your home and start\nelectrical fires. Rats and mice also carry diseases that can make people sick.\n\n#### 1\\. File a complaint about rats\n\nTo file a complaint about rodent infestations, rats in toilets or rodents\n(rats) associated with illegal dumping of garbage and solid waste, call us at\n206-263-9566 or write us through Environmental Health's online services\nportal.\n\n * Rats in toilets: Public Health investigates complaints about rats in toilets. Investigators may follow up on your complaint by inspecting sewers near your residence and baiting them if they see evidence of rats. Learn more about the Seattle Sewer Baiting Program.\n\n * Rodent complaints: Public Health responds to complaints about rodent (rat and mice) infestations and neighborhood rodent issues. We can provide information to the property owner about rodent control, and in some cases we have enforcement of the King County Board of Health Title 8 requirements for rodent control.\n\n * Homeowners and general questions about rats and rodent control: If you are a homeowner and have a rodent or rat problem, please read our website information below about rodent prevention and control for homeowners and tenants. Public Health cannot come to your home to eliminate rodents.\n\n#### 2\\. Keep rodents (rats) away\n\nDon't give food and shelter to these most unwanted guests! The time to act is\nbefore you see signs of rodents, which may include droppings, nests, gnaw\nmarks, or a dead rodent.\n\nSources of food that rodents are attracted to include birdseed, pet food,\nfruits and berries on the ground, bread crumbs, food waste, grease (e.g. such\nas an outdoor grill), and garbage. If you feed them, they will stay.\n\n * Bird feeders should be on poles and seed in trays that rats can't reach. If a squirrel can reach the bird feeder so can a rat.\n\n * Keep garbage can lids closed tightly.\n\n * Pick up fruits and vegetables in your yard.\n\n * Do not leave your pet food outside.\n\n * Keep all stored food in rodent-proof containers.\n\n * Use only rodent-resistant composters keeping lids tight, and do not compost any animal products (fish, meat, chicken, cheese, butter).\n\n * Pick up dog waste in your yard daily.\n\n * Places where rats and rodents like to stay and seek shelter include firewood and wood piles, bushes, vines, tall grasses, and rockeries; unsecured buildings like garages, sheds, greenhouses, and barns; and vehicles, appliances, old furniture and junk.\n\n * Stack firewood 18 inches off the ground and away from all buildings.\n * Move your wood pile at least twice a year.\n * Plant bushes so they will stay at least 3 feet from your house.\n * Keep bushes, vines, and tree branches cut back at least 3 feet from your house (Roof rats get into your house from tree branches that hang over the roof).\n * Mow your lawn regularly.\n * Keep yards and alleys clean—take junk to the dump!\n\n#### 3\\. Seal up to prevent entry of rodents and rats\n\nPrevent rodents from entering your home by checking inside and outside the\nhouse for gaps or holes.\n\n * Seal Up! Rodents, CDC\n\n#### 4\\. Keep rats out of sewer pipes\n\nRats live in sewers and can follow the food in pipes up to your toilet.\n\n * Keep your kitchen sink rinsed clean and use garbage disposals as little as possible .Rinse out your kitchen sink once or twice a month using 1 cup of bleach (an alternative to using bleach - 1 cup of baking soda followed by 1 cup of vinegar) and rinsing with boiling water.\n\n * Never pour grease down the drain.\n\n * Keep your toilet lid down when not in use.\n\n * If you find a rat in your toilet, flush it! (hint: squirt a little dishwashing liquid under the lid into the bowl, wait a couple of minutes then flush).\n\nLearn more about the Seattle Sewer Baiting Program\n\n#### 5\\. Trap and bait for rodents\n\nIf rodents have entered your home, shed, garage, vehicle, or other spaces, the\nbest trap is the simple and cheap wooden \"snap trap.\" They are sold in\nhardware stores. Snap traps for rats and mice are different sizes. When\nsetting snap traps, it is important to bait the trap with food and place it\nnear where you have found droppings. Inside buildings, poisons are not\nrecommended for rat control as poisoned rats can die in hard to reach places\nand cause a very bad smell.\n\nFor controlling rats outside in areas along a building, fence, wood pile, etc.\nyou may want to use bait stations. Always secure poison in bait stations so\nthat it is not available to children, pets or wild animals. You must follow\nthe instructions on the package label.\n\nDead rodents must be double bagged and placed in the garbage. Do not touch a\ndead rodent with your bare hands. Use gloves and wash your hands with soap and\nwarm water after removing gloves. Note: Only dead rodents can be disposed of\nin the garbage.\n\n * Rodent Control: How to use rodent traps and bait stations, PHSKC\n * Trap Up! Rodents, CDC\n\n#### 6\\. Cleaning up after rodents\n\nIt is very important to follow safe cleaning steps to stay healthy and prevent\nspreading diseases from rodents. If you find dead rodents, rodent nests, or\nurine and droppings see the CDC's guidance for cleaning up after rodents.\n\n#### 7\\. Guidance for cleaning and disinfection of vehicles with rodent\ninfestations\n\n##### Introduction\n\nRodents, including squirrels, mice, and rats, may construct their nests in\ncars, trucks, campers, and other vehicles, especially if such vehicles are\nused infrequently. Rodent nesting materials can be found in many areas of a\nvehicle:\n\n * the engine compartment, including in engine compartment insulation;\n * the ducting and air filtration components of a vehicle's heating and air conditioning system;\n * the trunk of a car, including the spare tire compartment;\n * the passenger compartment, including the headliner, glovebox, and in or under the seats;\n * tool compartments; and,\n * taillight and headlight access areas and enclosures.\n\nDownload a flyer on hantavirus for auto mechanics\n\nSome rodents, such as deer mice, can carry hantavirus, and their nesting\nmaterials, droppings, and urine may contain hantavirus. People cleaning or\nriding in the car may be in contact with these infected materials. Infectious\nvirus particles blowing onto passengers through the air vents may pose a risk\nto people who use the vehicle.\n\nRodents can enter vehicles through:\n\n * rust holes\n * wire chases\n * side vents\n * rocker panels\n * ducting\n\nAn accumulation of nesting materials in the air intake system of a vehicle can\nalso contribute to odors inside the passenger compartment, and could\npotentially impair engine performance, preventing the vehicle from starting,\nor causing it to run poorly. (These problems may also be caused by electrical\nwires and cables that the rodents have chewed on).\n\n##### Preparing to inspect, detect, disinfect and remove potentially\ninfectious nesting materials from a vehicle\n\nEngine compartment\n\nWhile the car is in open air, open the hood to allow the engine compartment to\nair out for 20 minutes. Also, open vehicle doors and the trunk to facilitate\nairing out. Wearing plastic gloves and a long-sleeve shirt, inspect the engine\ncompartment for evidence of nest building. Accumulations of nesting materials\ncould occur anywhere but frequently occur between the battery and vehicle\nframe, in the area near the windshield wiper motors, or underneath air intake\nducting or within the air filter.\n\nAreas of the vehicle with evidence of rodent activity (e.g., presence of dead\nrodents, droppings, or nesting materials) should be thoroughly disinfected and\ncleaned to reduce the likelihood of exposure to hantavirus-infected materials.\n\nTo avoid generating potentially infectious aerosols, do not use a vacuum\ncleaner or sweep rodent urine, droppings, or contaminated surfaces until they\nhave been disinfected. Also, do not use ‘power wash' high-pressure sprayers to\nsoak or dislodge nests or droppings.\n\nFirst, remove the cables from the battery, to reduce the likelihood of getting\nshocked while cleaning out the nesting material. Then, using either a\ncommercially labeled disinfectant or a mixture of 1 part bleach to 9 parts\nwater, spray the materials until fully soaked and let sit 5 minutes, or follow\nthe manufacturer's instructions for dilution and disinfection time. Then, use\na paper towel to pick up the materials, and dispose of the waste in the\ngarbage. After the rodent droppings and nesting materials have been removed,\nclean the rest of the area with additional disinfectant. When the recently-\nsprayed area is dry, reconnect the battery.\n\nNesting materials within automotive air intake systems\n\nRodents may travel through the vehicle's air intake system, building nests on\ntop of accordion-style air filters or in hoses and ducting leading directly to\nthe passenger compartment. For engine compartment air filters, open the unit\nto reveal the filter. If you see evidence of rodent activity, spray as above\nusing either a commercially labeled disinfectant or a mixture of 1 part bleach\nto 9 parts water. Spray the materials until fully soaked and let sit 5\nminutes, or follow the manufacturer's instructions for dilution and\ndisinfection time. Then, remove both the nesting materials and the air filter,\nand discard in the garbage. Insert the new replacement filter, and close the\nunit.\n\nInspection, disinfection, and possible replacement of hoses, ductwork, other\nfilters, fans, or other components of the system may be necessary if the\nrodent infestation is extensive, and should be carried out by qualified\nmechanics or automotive professionals, using appropriate precautions. Advise\nthe mechanic of the potential for hantavirus.\n\nPassenger compartment\n\nRodents can enter the passenger compartment through ducting, through rusted\nareas, through areas where cabling passes, and from the trunk. A variety of\napproaches can be used to seal out holes and cracks where rodents can enter,\ndepending upon the materials available. Do not leave any kind of food anywhere\nin the car, as it can attract rodents.\n\nTrunk\n\nRodents can enter the trunk from holes in the body, through cable conduits,\nand from the back seats in certain vehicles. A variety of approaches can be\nused to seal out holes and cracks where rodents can enter, depending upon the\nmaterials available. Do not leave any kind of food anywhere in the car, as it\ncan attract rodents.\n\nAfter inspection and cleaning\n\nBefore removing your gloves, rinse your gloved hands with disinfectant, empty\nthe remaining disinfectant in the garbage bag containing the disposed material\nand seal the bag. Rinse your gloved hands with water, removed your gloves and\nterminate the process by washing your hands with soap and water.\n\nPrevention of colonization of vehicles\n\nRegular exterior and interior inspection of a vehicle, whether in regular use,\nabandoned, or garaged for the season or otherwise stationary, will help\nprevent colonization or infestation of a vehicle. Snap traps and poison baits\nare effective in stopping rodent access into vehicles. When starting a vehicle\nthat has been idle for an extended period, air it out first, and inspect the\nair intake and filters before starting the engine.\n\nFor more information on cleaning up after rodents, see:\nwww.cdc.gov/rodents/cleaning\n\nBack to top\n\n#### 8\\. When to hire a professional pest control company\n\nSome rodent problems, such as heavy rodent infestations (piles of feces,\nnumerous nests or dead rodents), may be too extensive to control on your own.\nFor these situations Public Health recommends that you consult with a\nprofessional pest control company.\n\nPest control professionals can be found by looking in the phone book and\nonline. Inquire about \"integrated pest management\" or \"IPM\" services. IPM\nmethods often use less poison and employ other techniques to control pests. A\npest control operator should inspect, monitor, make recommendations, and\npossibly do the work for excluding rodents. Some crawl space/attic companies\nalso offer pest control services. Interview companies and ask for references,\nincluding previous customers. When working with a professional pest control\ncompany, be clear about what you want done and monitor their performance.\n\nAsk to see their license. All pest control companies should be licensed and\nregistered with the Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA).\nWashington pesticide law requires most businesses that commercially apply\npesticides to be licensed as a Commercial Applicator.\n\n * WSDA Pesticide Licensing and Structural Pest Inspector licenses are available for look up online.\n\n#### 9\\. Related resources\n\n * Seattle Sewer Baiting Program\n\n * Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) facts for the general public and King County health care professionals\n\n * Rat mite information:\n\n * Mites and ticks\n * Biting mites\n\n * 2015 Seattle rodent complaints\n\n * Rodent regulations: Board of Health Code, Title 8\n\n * Rodents, CDC\n\nHantavirus Info Sheet\n\nEnglish Chinese Traditional Chinese Simplified Spanish\n\nHantavirus Flyer\n\nEnglish Chinese Traditional Chinese Simplified Spanish\n\nDownload rat prevention brochures available in multiple languages\n\n### Watch a video on how to prevent rats from getting into your home and what\nto do if you find rat droppings.\n\nLink/share our site at www.kingcounty.gov/rats\n\n * Last Updated April 12, 2018\n * Share\n * Tweet\n * Print\n\nInformation for...\n\nDo more online\n\nGet help\n\nEspañol\n\n#### Information for\n\n * Residents\n * Businesses\n * Job seekers\n * Volunteers\n * King County employees\n\n#### Do more online\n\n * Trip Planner\n * Property tax information & payment\n * Jail inmate look up\n * Parcel viewer or iMap\n * Public records\n * More online tools...\n\n#### Get help\n\n * Contact us\n * Customer service\n * Phone list\n * Employee directory\n * Subscribe to alerts\n\n#### Languages\n\n * En Español\n\n * © King County, WA\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility\n * Terms of use\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://housewifehowtos.com/clean/get-rid-mice-naturally/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417144510/https://housewifehowtos.com/clean/get-rid-mice-naturally/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Get Rid of Mice Naturally & Keep Them Away", "passages": [ "Almost everyone finds a mouse in their home at some point. Here’s how to get rid of them naturally and keep them away for good to prevent an infestation.", "Finding a mouse in your home doesn’t mean you’re a bad housekeeper, but ignoring a mouse infestation does. That’s because mice carry at least 27 different diseases, all of which are dangerous to humans. In addition to the bacteria from their feces, mice droppings can bother those with allergies or asthma. Mice can also chew through wiring, leading to shorted electronics and even household fires.", "If you’ve seen one mouse in your house, there are probably more that you haven’t seen yet. Mice like to hide in walls or behind furniture or appliances until they know the coast is clear — usually at night while you’re asleep. But seeing a mouse isn’t the only way to know you’ve got a problem. Other signs of mouse infestations include:", "Finding pieces of fiberfill stuffing, tattered rags, or wood shavings in corners of unused rooms, under sinks, or behind appliances and heavy furniture.", "Like humans, mice want to live where they have access to food and water and can get comfortable without concerns about being disturbed. In colder or rainy seasons, your home is far more attractive to them than living outdoors. They don’t even need to wait for an invitation to enter: a mouse can enter your home through a crack as small as a dime.", "When it comes to getting rid of mice, there’s really only one way to do it: with a trap. The type of trap you use depends on whether you want to do it naturally and without killing them or not.", "Live traps: These no-kill traps let you “catch and release” mice, but you must drive captured mice at least a mile away from your home before releasing them into the wild. This may require several trips if you have a bad infestation. Using these traps presents a health risk since you’ll necessarily come into contact with a mouse. For that reason, they’re not recommended in homes with pets or kids.", "Bait stations: This is poison in a dispenser. It’s a fairly quick, inexpensive solution if you have only one or two mice. But there’s a risk that a poisoned mouse will crawl into your walls to die, where it will start to smell for a few weeks. If you have pets, there’s a risk of them eating a poisoned mouse and getting sick, too.", "Snap traps: These old-fashioned spring traps are easy to use and very inexpensive. You can find them in hardware stores. They almost always kill mice instantly, but seeing the dead mouse can be disturbing. Since the steel trap snaps shut so quickly, these traps are not safe for use in homes with pets or small children.", "Electric traps: These battery-operated traps administer lethal shocks to mice that crawl inside. They’re a little more expensive, but they’re also reusable. Unlike other types of traps, you don’t even have to see the dead mouse — remove the disposable chamber and dump it in the trash. This type of trap is safe for use around kids and most pets, too. (Find them on Amazon.*)", "Although you may have seen cheese used to bait mouse traps in cartoons, peanut butter works better. Mice can smell it from a distance, and they love the taste of nuts. If you don’t have peanut butter, try nuts or seeds — even birdseed. Whatever you choose, wear gloves when you’re handling the bait and the trap. Mice have very keen senses of smell and will stay away from things that humans have recently touched.", "Even the most effective bait won’t work if you don’t put traps in the right spot. You should, of course, put a baited mousetrap wherever you find signs they’ve been nesting. Other places to put traps include behind heavy furniture and appliances, in cupboards beneath sinks, along the base of garage or attic walls, and on top of kitchen cabinets if they don’t reach all the way to the ceiling.", "Once you’ve set traps for the mice that are already in your home, it’s time to focus on steps that prevent more mice and other rodents from getting inside.", "Mice can enter your home through tiny little gaps the size of a dime. So your first step to getting rid of mice naturally is probably the hardest: find and seal holes in your home’s exterior. Pay particular attention to places where utility lines (cable, television, etc.) enter your home, dryer and fan exhaust vents, and gaps in your home’s siding around windows and doors.", "1. Seal the gaps. Mice won’t chew through caulk, so use it to seal small gaps or cracks. Caulk needs support behind it in larger holes, though. Since mice won’t chew through steel wool, stuff it into larger gaps before applying caulk. Backer rod can also work.", "2. Shut doors tightly. Leaving the door ajar while you’re in the garden is an open invitation to mice. Keep doors shut, and make sure they seal well. Add weatherstripping where needed — if a draft can get in, a mouse can, too.", "3. Use electronic pet doors. Pet flaps provide easy access to mice as well as your dog or cat. If you like their convenience, switch to an automatic pet door that only opens when triggered by an electronic chip on your pet’s collar.", "Outdoor mice will seek shelter indoors in cold or wet weather. So, a good way to keep mice out of your home is by making your yard less attractive to them, too. That means regular mowing and yard maintenance, plus picking up storm debris and clutter that mice might use for shelter. Prune shrubs around your home’s foundations, too. And be sure to seal outdoor garbage cans or recycling bins so mice don’t see your home as an all-you-can-eat buffet.", "There are a couple of smells that mice don’t like. Peppermint is one, and it has the bonus of deterring several other household pests, too. Try adding peppermint essential oil to homemade cleaners, or diffuse it in your fragrance warmers. (I use this one*.)", "The smell of camphor also repels mice. Most people don’t like the scent of it, either. So, while you probably don’t want to use it in your home’s living areas, camphor works great in seldom-used areas like attics and sheds. Try adding a handful of mothballs to an old sock and hanging it near windows in those places.", "Mice don’t need a lot of food to survive. In fact, they can live on as little as 3 to 4 grams of food each day. So what looks like crumbs on the floor to you is almost a feast for them. If they can’t find crumbs lying around, mice will gladly chew through cardboard food boxes or other food packaging to get to what’s inside. So, while cleaning thoroughly won’t get rid of mice, keeping a tidy home can help you avoid attracting them.", "Mouse droppings contain harmful bacteria and sometimes parasites. Their fur is often infested with fleas, too. So any time you find signs that a mouse has been indoors, you need to do some serious cleaning and disinfecting. First, clean the area with soapy water to remove dirt and then apply a disinfectant to kill pathogens. Be sure to wear disposable gloves and use materials you can discard after use so you don’t wind up spreading germs throughout your home.", "I’ve put mothballs EVERY where and the mice literally walk right past them! I’m so over these little crap factories my American bull dog loves to chase the mice he will actually catch them and kill them however the down side to that is he will leave them around the house after he kills them (if you don’t find them fast enough you will have a horrible smell) I’m going to try the Fresh Cap and peppermint oil I pray it works!!!", "Oh, please keep the mothballs where your doggie can’t reach them! The peppermint oil should work for you, just remember to reapply it regularly.", "Peppermint oil has worked for me so far. Since I have sprayed it around my house I haven’t seen one mouse. The day before I used it, I caught 3 mice on glue traps. Praying that this is enough to get them out of my house. My pup has finally learned to relax again! Thank God!!!", "Excellent! I know what you mean about pups relaxing — once they get antsy, every little thing sets them off, doesn’t it?", "Found all my old perfumes and was ready to throw them out but used them to nightly spray around areas, bins inside etc to deter mice is working. yeah. Keeping bottles to decorate.", "I live in northern Mn. I’ve always had trouble with mice in outter buildings , home remedies just don’t effect those tough little b......s but I caught several bull snakes and put them in those sheds. Problem over. L made a place for them to winter up. Also, keep your refreshment bottle in the shed, wife won’t come in to check on you!", "I’ve heard Amina will keep them from coming in ! Will putting a container of ammonia harm my cat ? Was wondering if the fumes were toxic to cats if it’s in an upper cupboard away from where she walks ?", "I have no idea whether ammonia would keep mice out, but I sure wouldn’t want to have an open container of it sitting around in my house. Yes, it’s toxic to cats. Also, you know that horrible smell your cat’s litter box gets between scoopings? That’s the ammonia in their urine. Do you REALLY want your home smelling like that?", "Ammonia works because they think it’s feline urine. If they haven’t left due to your cat they aren’t going to leave for Ammonia.", "If you can figure out how to make them drink a bunch of it, sure. Otherwise, no, just spraying bleach around your home won’t kill them and might, in fact, cause you serious health problems.", "I heard if you feed them rice, once consumed the rice will swell in thier stomachs and they will eventually pass. Is this true.", "crush up mice poison into dust wear gloves and mix it into peanut butter balls. Place these on traps. and in any holes you find away from pets and children. If the trap didn’t kill the spiked peanut butter will.", "Also, if you have any pets that may find a mouse, eat it or even just put it in their mouth, they’ll also get poisoned.", "I have had an infestation of mice now that’s nearly sorted an other has got in though the door when taking washing out is there any way to provent it", "I know I reply already. I use cayenne powder. Like u I have a little mice who seems to have very good Cama around it. I also have a very large cat and 2 dogs. Saw the little bugger, my dogs and me chase it. My cat watches. However MOST cats do chase mice out of the house.", "And that’s fine if you don’t have pets or small kids or grandkids. My cats love to explore the pantry, and my dog eats anything she finds on the floor, so I can’t risk it.", "Help!! They’ve invaded my home and they are smart! I set traps and wake up to empty traps or sprung with no mouse. I tried a rodent spray that smells like peppermint but they don’t seem affected by it. There’s a lot of them running around nightly. What can I do? I can’t do poison, I have birds and bunnies that put everything in their mouths. Help!!", "Sounds like you need to find out how they’re getting into your house and plug or caulk those areas then you might be able to trap the ones in your home. If not, it’s probably time to call a professional exterminator.", "what can you add to the peppermint oil so that it would be more effective to keep these rats away? Badly need it. I’m thinking that I should mix it with pepper, and bayleaf. Would it be more effective? I need your suggestion. Thank you.", "Wanted to weigh in on this. I have used the glue traps effectively in the past, but the last couple years the mice chew the sides off and make a path to the bait in the center. It’s unbelievable, but true. Still catch bugs and spiders on them, but the mice seem to have figured them out.", "After corn harvest and when temps drop, typically some mice get in. I learned this from an old farmer: Tie a cotton string onto a snap trap. Cut the knot ends short, but leave enough to fray (yarn also works). Spread peanut butter on the knot and frayed ends. Rather than having them steal or lick the bait off, they tug the strings and set off the trap. He told me he did this for rat snap traps, but it works well for mouse snap traps too.", "I’ve tried something new using an emptied toilet roll (the cardboard inside) and a bucket. Put peanut butter inside the at one end of the roll. Place the roll on a table, window sill or other spot where I know the creature has visited. Position/balance the roll so that the PB half of it hangs off the table, sill, etc. Put about 5-6 inches of water in the bucket and smear oil/Crisco up the sides of it. Place a container under the hanging end. When Mickey goes for the PB, his weight will cause the roll to fall into the bucket – along with him. The water coupled with the slippery bucket sides, will ensure he won’t escape. :o)", "Thank you for the tips. I have a 4 year old cat and a kitten. The cat isn’t keeping the mice under control so maybe some of your ideas might work.", "I have mice problem because it a corn field behind my house and i want to know does any kind of vinegar will help get rid of mice at all", "I just add peppermint oil to my homemade all-purpose cleaner. You could try adding 10-15 drops to 1 cup of white vinegar and 1 cup warm water. Shake well.", "Up until a few months ago, I had been using the plug ins that send out a certain noise that repels them. Within days of plugging them in, I was rid of mice...and there was alot! The box warned not to use if you had any rodent family pet, such as hamster, guinea pig, ferrets... A few months ago they started coming back. I assumed my plug ins just needed to be replaced. I replaced with no success so I doubled up on them...still no success. I can’t understand this. These mice couldn’t have built an imunity to tge sound I wouldn’t think??? I have my own dogs and I foster dogs so these mice have to go not only for my sanity but for theirs as well. I need to get rid of alot of mice and fast!!", "I live in an downstairs apt & lived here for 2 yrs & never a mouse til this morning when got up to one running across my living room floor... have no idea where it came in from & don’t even know where to start looking... went through my small apt looking for drippings but found none & cant see where it came in so have no clue what to do!", "It could very well have come through the door or a window. Make sure you’ve got weatherstripping on doors and that any gaps around windows are caulked.", "I live in a condo. Suddenly had an infestation of mice. After catching 7, I looked for points of entry. There were little spaces around the water pipes. I filled them with steel wool. No more mice.", "I would like to say thank you to you and the others who have offered solutions on how to rid your home of mice. We live in a 5th wheel mobile home in the Mohave desert. So we have a lot of field mice that we have to put up with. We are going to try peppermint. Since the darn mice are so smart now that they know how to get the bait off the traps. We have tried peanut butter, cheese, small pieces of meat, you name it and we have tried it. But these critters have gotten so smart they have figured out how to remove the bait without setting off the traps. So now we have to try to think of something that will work on the traps that does not come off easily. Do you have any suggestions as to what we can bait the trap with that can’t be removed easily? We have loaded these traps by even wrapping the bait around the place where the bait goes, and they still manage to remove the bait and not set off the trap. And another question that I have does it matter if we use peppermint extract instead of peppermint oil? Thank you for you attention.", "Put down two traps with peanut butter. For 3 days they ate the peanut butter without setting off trap. Took a peanut & gently pressed on to the little prongs (causes a little tug when eating which wiggles trap). Put a little peanut butter on top of the peanut (thought it would draw them to trap better) upped to 3 traps and snapped one mouse per night for 4 days. Hopefully that was the whole family. They were chewing a hole to enter under the bottom edge of where hangs over foundation. Going to try the steel wool method to keep them out. 🤞🏻&🙏🏻 It works.", "That’s a favorite entry-point for mice and other pests, too. A great way to keep things from crawling through it is by caulking the gap. If it’s a very large gap, though, you might need to add backer-rod first.", "Oh please, I have done all of these things and the mice hop and jump right over all of it wherever you put bait or traps or the peppermint oil they just go in a different direction so I am moving into something brand new with no cracks and no holes", "Well, if you’ve done all these things (including caulking up cracks and holes) and still have problems, that sounds like a good idea.", "Hi yes what about lemon pledge if I use that on the walls and counters will that get rid of mice and bugs", "Was reading the comments and will be trying peppermint oil to get rid of them I can’t seem to finish them and it’s very annoying.", "Hi — I live in an apartment building and so keeping them out is not an option — they are already in the building IN! I have tried all the normal thing to plug up holes and make sure the pipe and cable entry points, but while I not see them very often, it is inevitable that on occasion one while pop his head in-between the cabinet and the sink or once one actually had the nerve to show himself while I was watching TV. Amazing thing was, he just looked at me as curiously as I looked at him. Thing is, the little guys don’t upset me that much — would I rather not share my habitat with a creature who’s not paying his share of the rent, sure, but if I had my druthers, I would happily cohabitate with a mouse or two rather than a roach. Roaches make me go immediately insane. I will rip the place apart if I see and miss killing because they are faster than cheetahs and seem to have the ability to literally disappear when you wack them...somthing I am loath to do. Now I have filled windex spray bottles with rubbing alcohol and keep one at hand in every room so I have a weapon should I see one on the sink or table. Spray them with it and they are dead in about 30 seconds. An alcohol will evaporate without leaving residue so it’s much better than all those poisons which I don’t want spraying where I live. I know, the roaches have been around for billions of years before us and probably will be here long after our species is gone, but that doesn’t make me feel any less skeeved by them. Oh, sorry, I got way off topic.", "Hi Frank, Sounds like you’ve found an approach that works for you! Be careful spraying alcohol, though, especially around flames, electrical outlets, and electronics. It’s highly flammable! 🙂", "I had a professional come out and he plugged up all the holes and he said he couldn’t find any way for them to get in except for they came in through the doors the cat goes crazy so I tried Vicks rub on cotton balls that seemed to help a little bit today I was down in my living room and my son’s cat was going crazy again I have a peppermint flea spray so I sprayed that right now so I could get some Vicks.", "I have had a problem with mice in kitchen drawers. I bought a humane trap at walmart that is a plastic box with trap door. I put a piece of cookie in it . The mice go in two at the time and the door shuts. It doesn’t kill the mice but you still have to have a place to get rid of it. We live in the country so no problem. So far I have caught 35 mice.", "Get a five gallon plastic pail, put grain or hard dog food in bottom. Put a board angled from floor to edge of pail. The mice will run up the board and jump in pail to get food but can’t get out. The downside to this is that you have to get rid of them somehow. Works like a charm .", "I am a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Get Rid of Mice Naturally & Keep Them Away | Housewife How-Tos\n\nSkip to content\n\nSubscribe to be the first to learn about a new How-To. Sign up today!\n\n# How To Get Rid Of Mice Naturally\n\nClean\n\nByKatie Berry April 15, 2021\n\nAlmost everyone finds a mouse in their home at some point. Here’s how to get\nrid of them naturally and keep them away for good to prevent an infestation.\n\nFinding a mouse in your home doesn’t mean you’re a bad housekeeper, but\nignoring a mouse infestation does. That’s because mice carry at least 27\ndifferent diseases, all of which are dangerous to humans. In addition to the\nbacteria from their feces, mice droppings can bother those with allergies or\nasthma. Mice can also chew through wiring, leading to shorted electronics and\neven household fires.\n\nWhat's below:\n\n1\\. Signs You Have Mice\n\n2\\. How Mice Got Into Your Home\n\n3\\. How to Get Rid of Mice Naturally\n\n4\\. How to Keep Mice Out of Your Home for Good\n\n## Signs You Have Mice\n\nIf you’ve seen one mouse in your house, there are probably more that you\nhaven’t seen yet. Mice like to hide in walls or behind furniture or appliances\nuntil they know the coast is clear — usually at night while you’re asleep. But\nseeing a mouse isn’t the only way to know you’ve got a problem. Other signs of\nmouse infestations include:\n\n * Finding droppings that look like dark grains of rice. (Bigger droppings indicate you’ve got rats.)\n * Seeing debris on your pantry shelves from gnawed food packaging or finding holes in cardboard food containers.\n * Discovering large holes chewed into furniture or mattress upholstery.\n * Finding pieces of fiberfill stuffing, tattered rags, or wood shavings in corners of unused rooms, under sinks, or behind appliances and heavy furniture.\n * Hearing scratching noises coming from your walls.\n * Finding gnawed electric wires or having your electronics suddenly stop working due.\n * Seeing your dog or cat stare at appliances or try scratching to get behind furniture.\n\n## How Mice Got Into Your Home\n\nLike humans, mice want to live where they have access to food and water and\ncan get comfortable without concerns about being disturbed. In colder or rainy\nseasons, your home is far more attractive to them than living outdoors. They\ndon’t even need to wait for an invitation to enter: a mouse can enter your\nhome through a crack as small as a dime.\n\n## How to Get Rid of Mice Naturally\n\nWhen it comes to getting rid of mice, there’s really only one way to do it:\nwith a trap. The type of trap you use depends on whether you want to do it\nnaturally and without killing them or not.\n\nLive traps: These no-kill traps let you “catch and release” mice, but you must\ndrive captured mice at least a mile away from your home before releasing them\ninto the wild. This may require several trips if you have a bad infestation.\nUsing these traps presents a health risk since you’ll necessarily come into\ncontact with a mouse. For that reason, they’re not recommended in homes with\npets or kids.\n\nBait stations: This is poison in a dispenser. It’s a fairly quick, inexpensive\nsolution if you have only one or two mice. But there’s a risk that a poisoned\nmouse will crawl into your walls to die, where it will start to smell for a\nfew weeks. If you have pets, there’s a risk of them eating a poisoned mouse\nand getting sick, too.\n\nSnap traps: These old-fashioned spring traps are easy to use and very\ninexpensive. You can find them in hardware stores. They almost always kill\nmice instantly, but seeing the dead mouse can be disturbing. Since the steel\ntrap snaps shut so quickly, these traps are not safe for use in homes with\npets or small children.\n\nElectric traps: These battery-operated traps administer lethal shocks to mice\nthat crawl inside. They’re a little more expensive, but they’re also reusable.\nUnlike other types of traps, you don’t even have to see the dead mouse —\nremove the disposable chamber and dump it in the trash. This type of trap is\nsafe for use around kids and most pets, too. (Find them on Amazon.*)\n\n### Best Bait for Mouse Traps\n\nAlthough you may have seen cheese used to bait mouse traps in cartoons, peanut\nbutter works better. Mice can smell it from a distance, and they love the\ntaste of nuts. If you don’t have peanut butter, try nuts or seeds — even\nbirdseed. Whatever you choose, wear gloves when you’re handling the bait and\nthe trap. Mice have very keen senses of smell and will stay away from things\nthat humans have recently touched.\n\n### Where to Place Mouse Traps\n\nEven the most effective bait won’t work if you don’t put traps in the right\nspot. You should, of course, put a baited mousetrap wherever you find signs\nthey’ve been nesting. Other places to put traps include behind heavy furniture\nand appliances, in cupboards beneath sinks, along the base of garage or attic\nwalls, and on top of kitchen cabinets if they don’t reach all the way to the\nceiling.\n\n## How to Keep Mice Out of Your Home for Good\n\nOnce you’ve set traps for the mice that are already in your home, it’s time to\nfocus on steps that prevent more mice and other rodents from getting inside.\n\n### Mind the Gaps\n\nMice can enter your home through tiny little gaps the size of a dime. So your\nfirst step to getting rid of mice naturally is probably the hardest: find and\nseal holes in your home’s exterior. Pay particular attention to places where\nutility lines (cable, television, etc.) enter your home, dryer and fan exhaust\nvents, and gaps in your home’s siding around windows and doors.\n\n1\\. Seal the gaps. Mice won’t chew through caulk, so use it to seal small gaps\nor cracks. Caulk needs support behind it in larger holes, though. Since mice\nwon’t chew through steel wool, stuff it into larger gaps before applying\ncaulk. Backer rod can also work.\n\n2\\. Shut doors tightly. Leaving the door ajar while you’re in the garden is an\nopen invitation to mice. Keep doors shut, and make sure they seal well. Add\nweatherstripping where needed — if a draft can get in, a mouse can, too.\n\n3\\. Use electronic pet doors. Pet flaps provide easy access to mice as well as\nyour dog or cat. If you like their convenience, switch to an automatic pet\ndoor that only opens when triggered by an electronic chip on your pet’s\ncollar.\n\n### Tend Your Yard\n\nOutdoor mice will seek shelter indoors in cold or wet weather. So, a good way\nto keep mice out of your home is by making your yard less attractive to them,\ntoo. That means regular mowing and yard maintenance, plus picking up storm\ndebris and clutter that mice might use for shelter. Prune shrubs around your\nhome’s foundations, too. And be sure to seal outdoor garbage cans or recycling\nbins so mice don’t see your home as an all-you-can-eat buffet.\n\n### Try Essential Oils\n\nThere are a couple of smells that mice don’t like. Peppermint is one, and it\nhas the bonus of deterring several other household pests, too. Try adding\npeppermint essential oil to homemade cleaners, or diffuse it in your fragrance\nwarmers. (I use this one*.)\n\nThe smell of camphor also repels mice. Most people don’t like the scent of it,\neither. So, while you probably don’t want to use it in your home’s living\nareas, camphor works great in seldom-used areas like attics and sheds. Try\nadding a handful of mothballs to an old sock and hanging it near windows in\nthose places.\n\n### Starve Them Out\n\nMice don’t need a lot of food to survive. In fact, they can live on as little\nas 3 to 4 grams of food each day. So what looks like crumbs on the floor to\nyou is almost a feast for them. If they can’t find crumbs lying around, mice\nwill gladly chew through cardboard food boxes or other food packaging to get\nto what’s inside. So, while cleaning thoroughly won’t get rid of mice, keeping\na tidy home can help you avoid attracting them.\n\n * Store dry goods in air-tight containers. (Bonus, you’ll also help prevent pantry moths, too.)\n * Discard old newspapers, magazines, and other items that mice can use for bedding.\n * Don’t let dirty dishes sit in the sink.\n * Wipe counters after meals.\n * Sweep your kitchen daily.\n * Pick up your pet’s food between feedings.\n * Empty the kitchen trash nightly.\n\n### Cleaning After a Mouse Infestation\n\nMouse droppings contain harmful bacteria and sometimes parasites. Their fur is\noften infested with fleas, too. So any time you find signs that a mouse has\nbeen indoors, you need to do some serious cleaning and disinfecting. First,\nclean the area with soapy water to remove dirt and then apply a disinfectant\nto kill pathogens. Be sure to wear disposable gloves and use materials you can\ndiscard after use so you don’t wind up spreading germs throughout your home.\n\nSee More Natural Pest Control Articles\n\nPost Tags: #household pests\n\n## 66 Comments\n\n 1. Kylie cooper says:\n\nat\n\nThank you for these tips maybe in a few days I can actually sleep at night\n\nReply\n\n 2. Kissy says:\n\nat\n\nI’ve put mothballs EVERY where and the mice literally walk right past them!\nI’m so over these little crap factories my American bull dog loves to chase\nthe mice he will actually catch them and kill them however the down side to\nthat is he will leave them around the house after he kills them (if you don’t\nfind them fast enough you will have a horrible smell) I’m going to try the\nFresh Cap and peppermint oil I pray it works!!!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nOh, please keep the mothballs where your doggie can’t reach them! The\npeppermint oil should work for you, just remember to reapply it regularly.\n\n 2. Eileen says:\n\nat\n\nPeppermint oil has worked for me so far. Since I have sprayed it around my\nhouse I haven’t seen one mouse. The day before I used it, I caught 3 mice on\nglue traps. Praying that this is enough to get them out of my house. My pup\nhas finally learned to relax again! Thank God!!!\n\n 3. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nExcellent! I know what you mean about pups relaxing — once they get antsy,\nevery little thing sets them off, doesn’t it?\n\n 4. Jayne Hurford says:\n\nat\n\nFound all my old perfumes and was ready to throw them out but used them to\nnightly spray around areas, bins inside etc to deter mice is working. yeah.\nKeeping bottles to decorate.\n\n 3. Wayne Nelson says:\n\nat\n\nI live in northern Mn. I’ve always had trouble with mice in outter buildings ,\nhome remedies just don’t effect those tough little b......s but I caught\nseveral bull snakes and put them in those sheds. Problem over. L made a place\nfor them to winter up. Also, keep your refreshment bottle in the shed, wife\nwon’t come in to check on you!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nGreat tips, Wayne. 🙂\n\n 4. Trish says:\n\nat\n\nI’ve heard Amina will keep them from coming in ! Will putting a container of\nammonia harm my cat ? Was wondering if the fumes were toxic to cats if it’s in\nan upper cupboard away from where she walks ?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nI have no idea whether ammonia would keep mice out, but I sure wouldn’t want\nto have an open container of it sitting around in my house. Yes, it’s toxic to\ncats. Also, you know that horrible smell your cat’s litter box gets between\nscoopings? That’s the ammonia in their urine. Do you REALLY want your home\nsmelling like that?\n\n 2. Becky says:\n\nat\n\nAmmonia works because they think it’s feline urine. If they haven’t left due\nto your cat they aren’t going to leave for Ammonia.\n\n 5. Dyan Williams says:\n\nat\n\nDo bleach kill them\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nIf you can figure out how to make them drink a bunch of it, sure. Otherwise,\nno, just spraying bleach around your home won’t kill them and might, in fact,\ncause you serious health problems.\n\n 6. neiseo99 says:\n\nat\n\nI heard if you feed them rice, once consumed the rice will swell in thier\nstomachs and they will eventually pass. Is this true.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Dave says:\n\nat\n\ncrush up mice poison into dust wear gloves and mix it into peanut butter\nballs. Place these on traps. and in any holes you find away from pets and\nchildren. If the trap didn’t kill the spiked peanut butter will.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nKind of misses the point of the article doesn’t it, Dave?\n\n 2. Anya says:\n\nat\n\nAlso, if you have any pets that may find a mouse, eat it or even just put it\nin their mouth, they’ll also get poisoned.\n\n 3. Beth says:\n\nat\n\nMouse may die inside the walls and whoa! the stink is brutal.\n\n 8. Sue says:\n\nat\n\nI have had an infestation of mice now that’s nearly sorted an other has got in\nthough the door when taking washing out is there any way to provent it\n\nReply\n\n 1. Ngamako N Patara says:\n\nat\n\nget a cat from the pound. Get ride of that mice and save a life\n\n 2. Ngamako N Patara says:\n\nat\n\nI know I reply already. I use cayenne powder. Like u I have a little mice who\nseems to have very good Cama around it. I also have a very large cat and 2\ndogs. Saw the little bugger, my dogs and me chase it. My cat watches. However\nMOST cats do chase mice out of the house.\n\n 9. Sarah F says:\n\nat\n\nThey hate chlorine. I put a few small pucks in my pantry and under the sink\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nAnd that’s fine if you don’t have pets or small kids or grandkids. My cats\nlove to explore the pantry, and my dog eats anything she finds on the floor,\nso I can’t risk it.\n\n 10. Sherry Malone says:\n\nat\n\nHelp!! They’ve invaded my home and they are smart! I set traps and wake up to\nempty traps or sprung with no mouse. I tried a rodent spray that smells like\npeppermint but they don’t seem affected by it. There’s a lot of them running\naround nightly. What can I do? I can’t do poison, I have birds and bunnies\nthat put everything in their mouths. Help!!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nSounds like you need to find out how they’re getting into your house and plug\nor caulk those areas then you might be able to trap the ones in your home. If\nnot, it’s probably time to call a professional exterminator.\n\n 11. Tony Borgez says:\n\nat\n\nwhat can you add to the peppermint oil so that it would be more effective to\nkeep these rats away? Badly need it. I’m thinking that I should mix it with\npepper, and bayleaf. Would it be more effective? I need your suggestion. Thank\nyou.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nYou could certainly try both.\n\n 2. Danny says:\n\nat\n\nSpearmint and peppermint\n\n 12. Denise says:\n\nat\n\nWanted to weigh in on this. I have used the glue traps effectively in the\npast, but the last couple years the mice chew the sides off and make a path to\nthe bait in the center. It’s unbelievable, but true. Still catch bugs and\nspiders on them, but the mice seem to have figured them out.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nUh oh. They’re evolving! 😉\n\n 13. Lisa D says:\n\nat\n\nAfter corn harvest and when temps drop, typically some mice get in. I learned\nthis from an old farmer: Tie a cotton string onto a snap trap. Cut the knot\nends short, but leave enough to fray (yarn also works). Spread peanut butter\non the knot and frayed ends. Rather than having them steal or lick the bait\noff, they tug the strings and set off the trap. He told me he did this for rat\nsnap traps, but it works well for mouse snap traps too.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nThank you for helping others by sharing this!\n\n 14. Ski says:\n\nat\n\nI’ve tried something new using an emptied toilet roll (the cardboard inside)\nand a bucket. Put peanut butter inside the at one end of the roll. Place the\nroll on a table, window sill or other spot where I know the creature has\nvisited. Position/balance the roll so that the PB half of it hangs off the\ntable, sill, etc. Put about 5-6 inches of water in the bucket and smear\noil/Crisco up the sides of it. Place a container under the hanging end. When\nMickey goes for the PB, his weight will cause the roll to fall into the bucket\n– along with him. The water coupled with the slippery bucket sides, will\nensure he won’t escape. :o)\n\nReply\n\n 15. Ally Anders says:\n\nat\n\nI have mice in my stove. They keep crawling in the vent under the dials.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nMight need to use a mousetrap on top of the stove, then.\n\n 16. sherri says:\n\nat\n\nThank you for the tips. I have a 4 year old cat and a kitten. The cat isn’t\nkeeping the mice under control so maybe some of your ideas might work.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Nicole says:\n\nat\n\nI have mice problem because it a corn field behind my house and i want to know\ndoes any kind of vinegar will help get rid of mice at all\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nI have no idea. I use the peppermint oil approach.\n\n 18. Melanie says:\n\nat\n\nHow do you fix a peppermint oil spray. I’m desperate!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nI just add peppermint oil to my homemade all-purpose cleaner. You could try\nadding 10-15 drops to 1 cup of white vinegar and 1 cup warm water. Shake well.\n\n 19. Lisa Reynolds says:\n\nat\n\nUp until a few months ago, I had been using the plug ins that send out a\ncertain noise that repels them. Within days of plugging them in, I was rid of\nmice...and there was alot! The box warned not to use if you had any rodent\nfamily pet, such as hamster, guinea pig, ferrets... A few months ago they\nstarted coming back. I assumed my plug ins just needed to be replaced. I\nreplaced with no success so I doubled up on them...still no success. I can’t\nunderstand this. These mice couldn’t have built an imunity to tge sound I\nwouldn’t think??? I have my own dogs and I foster dogs so these mice have to\ngo not only for my sanity but for theirs as well. I need to get rid of alot of\nmice and fast!!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nYikes!\n\n 20. Char Krieger says:\n\nat\n\nI live in an downstairs apt & lived here for 2 yrs & never a mouse til this\nmorning when got up to one running across my living room floor... have no idea\nwhere it came in from & don’t even know where to start looking... went through\nmy small apt looking for drippings but found none & cant see where it came in\nso have no clue what to do!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nIt could very well have come through the door or a window. Make sure you’ve\ngot weatherstripping on doors and that any gaps around windows are caulked.\n\n 2. Donna Hencinski says:\n\nat\n\nI live in a condo. Suddenly had an infestation of mice. After catching 7, I\nlooked for points of entry. There were little spaces around the water pipes. I\nfilled them with steel wool. No more mice.\n\n 21. Kathleen Freeman says:\n\nat\n\nI would like to say thank you to you and the others who have offered solutions\non how to rid your home of mice. We live in a 5th wheel mobile home in the\nMohave desert. So we have a lot of field mice that we have to put up with. We\nare going to try peppermint. Since the darn mice are so smart now that they\nknow how to get the bait off the traps. We have tried peanut butter, cheese,\nsmall pieces of meat, you name it and we have tried it. But these critters\nhave gotten so smart they have figured out how to remove the bait without\nsetting off the traps. So now we have to try to think of something that will\nwork on the traps that does not come off easily. Do you have any suggestions\nas to what we can bait the trap with that can’t be removed easily? We have\nloaded these traps by even wrapping the bait around the place where the bait\ngoes, and they still manage to remove the bait and not set off the trap. And\nanother question that I have does it matter if we use peppermint extract\ninstead of peppermint oil? Thank you for you attention.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Roseanna Mosley says:\n\nat\n\nPut down two traps with peanut butter. For 3 days they ate the peanut butter\nwithout setting off trap. Took a peanut & gently pressed on to the little\nprongs (causes a little tug when eating which wiggles trap). Put a little\npeanut butter on top of the peanut (thought it would draw them to trap better)\nupped to 3 traps and snapped one mouse per night for 4 days. Hopefully that\nwas the whole family. They were chewing a hole to enter under the bottom edge\nof where hangs over foundation. Going to try the steel wool method to keep\nthem out. 🤞🏻&🙏🏻 It works.\n\n 2. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nThat’s a favorite entry-point for mice and other pests, too. A great way to\nkeep things from crawling through it is by caulking the gap. If it’s a very\nlarge gap, though, you might need to add backer-rod first.\n\n 22. Sher says:\n\nat\n\nOh please, I have done all of these things and the mice hop and jump right\nover all of it wherever you put bait or traps or the peppermint oil they just\ngo in a different direction so I am moving into something brand new with no\ncracks and no holes\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nWell, if you’ve done all these things (including caulking up cracks and holes)\nand still have problems, that sounds like a good idea.\n\n 23. Star says:\n\nat\n\nHi yes what about lemon pledge if I use that on the walls and counters will\nthat get rid of mice and bugs\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nI would never advise using Lemon Pledge on walls, and it’s not really made for\ncounters, either.\n\n 24. Mayra says:\n\nat\n\nWas reading the comments and will be trying peppermint oil to get rid of them\nI can’t seem to finish them and it’s very annoying.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nDon’t forget to look for cracks and holes where they might be getting into\nyour home.\n\n 25. Frank Angel says:\n\nat\n\nHi — I live in an apartment building and so keeping them out is not an option\n— they are already in the building IN! I have tried all the normal thing to\nplug up holes and make sure the pipe and cable entry points, but while I not\nsee them very often, it is inevitable that on occasion one while pop his head\nin-between the cabinet and the sink or once one actually had the nerve to show\nhimself while I was watching TV. Amazing thing was, he just looked at me as\ncuriously as I looked at him. Thing is, the little guys don’t upset me that\nmuch — would I rather not share my habitat with a creature who’s not paying\nhis share of the rent, sure, but if I had my druthers, I would happily\ncohabitate with a mouse or two rather than a roach. Roaches make me go\nimmediately insane. I will rip the place apart if I see and miss killing\nbecause they are faster than cheetahs and seem to have the ability to\nliterally disappear when you wack them...somthing I am loath to do. Now I have\nfilled windex spray bottles with rubbing alcohol and keep one at hand in every\nroom so I have a weapon should I see one on the sink or table. Spray them with\nit and they are dead in about 30 seconds. An alcohol will evaporate without\nleaving residue so it’s much better than all those poisons which I don’t want\nspraying where I live. I know, the roaches have been around for billions of\nyears before us and probably will be here long after our species is gone, but\nthat doesn’t make me feel any less skeeved by them. Oh, sorry, I got way off\ntopic.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nHi Frank, Sounds like you’ve found an approach that works for you! Be careful\nspraying alcohol, though, especially around flames, electrical outlets, and\nelectronics. It’s highly flammable! 🙂\n\n 26. Darlene Evitts says:\n\nat\n\nWhere do you purchase peppermint oil Oil\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nHi Darlene, Peppermint essential oil is available at many stores like Walmart\nor Target. It’s also available online.\n\n 27. Robin says:\n\nat\n\nI had a professional come out and he plugged up all the holes and he said he\ncouldn’t find any way for them to get in except for they came in through the\ndoors the cat goes crazy so I tried Vicks rub on cotton balls that seemed to\nhelp a little bit today I was down in my living room and my son’s cat was\ngoing crazy again I have a peppermint flea spray so I sprayed that right now\nso I could get some Vicks.\n\nReply\n\n 28. Donna Doucette says:\n\nat\n\nI close up a camp. I need something that last 5 mos.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Katie Berry says:\n\nat\n\nHi Donna, I’d try the mothball approach.\n\n 29. Debby says:\n\nat\n\nMaybe we have tough mice, but mothballs don’t work. We get mice in our RV and\nthat hasn’t worked.\n\nReply\n\n 30. loy HARPER says:\n\nat\n\nI have had a problem with mice in kitchen drawers. I bought a humane trap at\nwalmart that is a plastic box with trap door. I put a piece of cookie in it .\nThe mice go in two at the time and the door shuts. It doesn’t kill the mice\nbut you still have to have a place to get rid of it. We live in the country so\nno problem. So far I have caught 35 mice.\n\nReply\n\n 31. karen says:\n\nat\n\nGet a five gallon plastic pail, put grain or hard dog food in bottom. Put a\nboard angled from floor to edge of pail. The mice will run up the board and\njump in pail to get food but can’t get out. The downside to this is that you\nhave to get rid of them somehow. Works like a charm .\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Comments are moderated. Your comment is pending moderator\napproval. Cancel reply\n\n## Free Email Series\n\n## As Seen In\n\n * Contact\n * Disclosure\n * Privacy Policy\n * Subscribe\n\n## *Affiliate Disclosure\n\nThis blog contains affiliate links.\n\nI am a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate\nadvertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising\nfees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. As an Amazon Associate, I earn\nfrom qualifying purchases.\n\n## Copyright Notice\n\nHousewife How-Tos and Do Home Better are registered trademarks of Katherine\nBerry. Copyright 2011-2021\n\n© 2021 | Housewife How-Tos and Do Home Better are registered trademarks of\nKatherine Berry.\n\n" } ]
10,255,999
How To Play Double Solitaire
Solitaire is a popular card game that you typically play alone, but you can play double solitaire with 1 other person. Get 2 decks of cards and remove the jokers. Shuffle the decks separately, then set up the tableaus with each deck. To decide who goes first, either flip a coin or pull the top card off your stockpile and see who gets the higher card. The person who goes first should remove the top card from the stockpile and decide what to do based on the tableau. When the person going first can’t make a move, change turns. Keep playing until a player completes 4 piles of cards to win the game.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201022115320/http://www.52pickup.net/card-games/double-solitaire/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210804101221/https://www.pagat.com/patience/double.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190419025543/http://www.solitairequeen.com/game/rules", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410200621/https://www.familyeducation.com/fun/card-games/double-solitaire" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.52pickup.net/card-games/double-solitaire/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201022115320/http://www.52pickup.net/card-games/double-solitaire/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Double Solitaire", "passages": [ "Double Solitaire is the exception to the solo-game rule that we've come to learn. I had to include it, though, because it is how I learned to play Solitaire (not to mention the antics of my Solitaire-crazed parents).", "The object is to build eight foundation piles starting with Ace and building up in ascending order to King. The game is played with two decks—by two people. You each get a deck and you each lay out your own tableau.", "You lay out the cards in the standard (Russian) Solitaire way and begin to play in the exact same way as Russian Solitaire.", "You deal three cards at a time from your stock pile. The top card of the cards dealt is the available card and can be played either to the foundation or to your tableau. You cannot play to your opponent's tableau. You can assist your opponent if you want. Believe it or not, if you help your opponent, you may keep the play going. He or she might think there are no more moves left in his or her hand, but if you see one, feel free to point it out in order to keep the game in motion.", "You play the game as though playing Russian (standard) Solitaire—playing cards to your own tableau. Your opponent will be playing his or her tableau and you'll be playing yours. You don't have to take turns, you just play at whatever pace you want. But keep your eye on those foundation piles and make sure you're putting down at least as many cards on the foundation as your opponent. The difference between Russian Solitaire and Double Solitaire is that in Double Solitaire you can put any card on any foundation pile whether it was started by you or your opponent. This is where the fun begins!", "You win the game when you're the first one to use all your cards to build the foundations. In order to win, you cannot have any cards in your stock pile or in your tableau.", "In Russian and Double Solitaire, I like to play all the cards from my tableau to my foundation before dealing any cards from the remaining stock pile. I like to know that all the visible cards have been played before laying down any more cards in front of me.", "In Double Solitaire, remember you're playing with two decks and two people. Be sure to have identifiable decks because you are going to mix up the cards (hopefully not by way of a tantrum or tickle fight) and you need to know which deck is which at the end of the game. If the game is a stalemate, you can always count the cards on the foundation piles to determine a winner. The person who laid the most cards on the foundations wins the game.", "The rule in Solitaire regarding “group” moves is really up to you. But in Double Solitaire be sure that you and your opponent are on the same page about the rule. A “group” move means that if there's a card you need buried in the middle of the fan of your tableau, and you have a place to move the group, then you can do so to free up that buried card. For example, let's say you have a 5 of Diamonds buried in a fan on your tableau and you need that 5 to put on the 4 of Diamonds on one of the foundation piles. If you have a 5 of Hearts open and available on one of your tableau fans, you can lift the group of cards starting with the black 4, move it to the open 5 of Hearts, and you've officially freed your 5 of Diamonds to play on your foundation. My parents never agreed on the issue of “group” moves, and that was the cause of many card-flipping moments. It was quite amusing to watch, but if you want to avoid any family conflicts, make sure all players agree on that maneuver.", "FamilyEducation does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Information on our advertising guidelines can be found here.", "FEN Learning is part of Sandbox Networks, a digital learning company that operates education services and products for the 21st century." ] }, "parsed_md": "Double Solitaire | 52pickup.net\n\n52pickup.net\n\n# » Double Solitaire\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Tweet\n\nAnyone who has played traditional Solitaire will appreciate the challenges\npresented by Double Solitaire. Basically, it is a showdown version of\nSolitaire that sees players taking turns and completing as many moves as\npossible.\n\n## Double Solitaire Game Rules\n\nA game of Double Solitaire requires two players and two standard decks of 52\nplaying cards. Each player lays out their cards in the standard Solitaire\nformat. This is the “tableaux” style with seven spaces, four foundation rows,\na draw pile and a discard pile.\n\nTo lay out a deck in the traditional way, the player places seven cards in a\nhorizontal line across the tableaux. The first card on the left is face up,\nand the remaining cards are all face down. The player now moves their dealing\nto the second pile from the left, laying this card face up on top of the\nsingle, face-down card and then places cards in the face-down position on the\nfive remaining stacks. This process proceeds until 28 cards have been dealt,\nand each of the seven stacks is topped with a single face-up card. The stack\nfarthest to the right will have the most cards, while the one farthest to the\nleft has a single card.\n\nThe remaining cards become the draw pile, and are turned face down nearest the\ntableaux.\n\nTo determine which player goes first, the players just compare the value of\nthe card in position one (farthest to the left) to see which is lower. If this\nis a tie, the position two card is used.\n\nThe players each make as many moves as are available during their turns, and\nwhen they have come to the end, they turn over the top card of their draw pile\nand place this all on top of the discard stack. The opponent then has their\nturn. Play continues in this fashion until a player has succeeded in moving\nall of their cards to their foundation piles, or until no further moves are\navailable for either player.\n\nThe winner is determined by a count of the cards in all of the foundation\npiles, and the one with the high count is the winner. To play a game, the\nmoves are the same as standard Solitaire:\n\nThey are aiming to do two things: first they develop lines of cards descending\nin order but alternating in colors. Each stack must alternate between black\nand red cards, and must also descend from the King card and downward. For\nexample, a stack that has a black queen can only have a red Jack laid on top\nof it.\n\nThey will next use the cards dealt to build foundation piles that rank from\nAce down to King, and these will follow suit. The foundation piles are set\naway from the seven rows and must begin with an ace. The first card is always\nthe ace, which is followed by the two and then ascends all of the way up to\nthe king.\n\nAll of this is done by drawing cards from the remaining deck and laying them\nin a discard pile if unusable. This continues until the player makes all moves\npossible.\n\n### 2 Comments on Double Solitaire\n\n 1. bekk iraken says:\n\nMarch 6, 2013 at 4:59 am\n\nthis was very helpful. ty\n\nReply\n\n 2. djones says:\n\nMay 30, 2016 at 6:55 pm\n\nare the two decks of the same back color or different? You play off each\nplayers cards? Trying to find something my mom with denemtia can do to keep\nher busy. she can’t read and remember anymore. Coloring doesn’t peak her\ninterest...she used to play solitare on her iPad... will wait ur response.\nthanks\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n« How to Play German Bridge\n\nBookaken »\n\n * Contact Us\n * ## Navigation\n\n * Illuminati Card Game\n * The Dwarf King Game\n * Spoons Card Game\n * Math Card Games\n * Beggar My Neighbor\n * Pay Me Card Game\n * How to Play 31\n * 45s Card Game\n * How to Play President\n * Solo Solitaire\n * Horse Race Board Game\n * How to Play Asshole\n * Three Handed Euchre Rules\n * Spades Card Game\n * Cribbage Rules\n * Poker Variations\n * Hearts Rules\n * Crazy Eights\n * Gin Rummy Rules\n * Bullshit Rules\n * Bridge Rules\n * Bingo Card Game\n * Golf Card Game\n * Canasta Rules\n * Pitch Card Game\n * Oklahoma Gin Rules\n * Solo Whist\n * 28 Card Game\n * How to Play Rummoli\n * Three Player Euchre\n * Kings Corners\n * Card Games for Kids\n\n52pickup.net\n\n * | from Utopian.net Labs\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.pagat.com/patience/double.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210804101221/https://www.pagat.com/patience/double.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Rules of Card Games: Double Solitaire", "passages": [ "This is a competitive version of Klondike patience (solitaire). Each player plays with their own 52-card pack. The backs of the cards should if possible be different so that they can be sorted out after the game.", "Each player deals a layout as for Klondike: 28 cards in 7 piles, each having the top card face up and the rest face down. The left hand pile has just one card, the second two, and so on, the right hand pile having seven cards. Between the players' layouts is space for the foundation piles, four piles per player, which can be played on by any player. Each player begins with a stack of 24 face-down cards.", "There are two different ways this game can be played: the players may take turns, or it can be played as a race, with everyone playing simultaneously.", "The turn based game is normally played as a two-player games, known as Double Solitaire. The player with the lower card on their one-pile starts - or in case of a tie whoever has the lower card on their two-pile and so on.", "At your turn you can make a series of moves as in Klondike. You may move cards around on your own layout, move cards onto the foundation piles when they fit, and move cards from your discard pile to your layout or the foundations. You are not allowed to play onto or use your opponent's layout or discard pile. You end your turn when you cannot or choose not to make any other moves by turning over the top card of your face-down stack, and placing it on your face-up discard pile. Your opponent then plays.", "The game ends when one player has played all the cards to the foundation piles and wins, or when both players are blocked, in which case the winner is the player who has played more cards to the foundation piles.", "This game is possible with up to 6 or 7 or even more players, each beginning with their own pack of 52 cards. The moves in this version are the same as above, but the players do not take turns. All play at once, as fast as possible, but each using only one hand. When you cannot or do not wish to make further moves with your face up cards, you turn over the top three cards of your stack, put them face up on your discard pile and continue playing. If there are no more cards in your stack, you may turn your whole discard pile over to make a new stack, and turn over its top three cards to start a new discard pile.", "Play continues until one player has played all their cards to the foundation piles and wins, or until all players are blocked, in which case the winner is the player who has played most cards to the foundation piles, or equivalently, the player who has fewest cards in their stack plus layout.", "With more than two players, after one player has gone out, the game can be continued for 2nd place, 3rd place and so on. When the game blocks the remaining players are placed according to how many unplayed cards they have in their stack plus layout, the fewer the better.", "In the two-player game, some play that if both players are blocked and have fewer than 7 cards in their stacks, they may agree each to turn all the cards of their stacks face up in a row and use any of the cards from their own stacks to make any further moves that are possible." ] }, "parsed_md": "Rules of Card Games: Double Solitaire\n\nHome A-Z\n\nHome Page > Classified Index > Layout Group > Competitive Patience > Double\nSolitaire\n\n# Double Solitaire / Simultaneous Solitaire\n\n * Setup\n * Turn-Based Play\n * Simultaneous Solitaire\n * Software and Online Games\n\n## Setup\n\nThis is a competitive version of Klondike patience (solitaire). Each player\nplays with their own 52-card pack. The backs of the cards should if possible\nbe different so that they can be sorted out after the game.\n\nEach player deals a layout as for Klondike: 28 cards in 7 piles, each having\nthe top card face up and the rest face down. The left hand pile has just one\ncard, the second two, and so on, the right hand pile having seven cards.\nBetween the players' layouts is space for the foundation piles, four piles per\nplayer, which can be played on by any player. Each player begins with a stack\nof 24 face-down cards.\n\nThere are two different ways this game can be played: the players may take\nturns, or it can be played as a race, with everyone playing simultaneously.\n\n## Turn-Based Play\n\nThe turn based game is normally played as a two-player games, known as Double\nSolitaire. The player with the lower card on their one-pile starts - or in\ncase of a tie whoever has the lower card on their two-pile and so on.\n\nAt your turn you can make a series of moves as in Klondike. You may move cards\naround on your own layout, move cards onto the foundation piles when they fit,\nand move cards from your discard pile to your layout or the foundations. You\nare not allowed to play onto or use your opponent's layout or discard pile.\nYou end your turn when you cannot or choose not to make any other moves by\nturning over the top card of your face-down stack, and placing it on your\nface-up discard pile. Your opponent then plays.\n\nThe game ends when one player has played all the cards to the foundation piles\nand wins, or when both players are blocked, in which case the winner is the\nplayer who has played more cards to the foundation piles.\n\n## Simultaneous Solitaire\n\nThis game is possible with up to 6 or 7 or even more players, each beginning\nwith their own pack of 52 cards. The moves in this version are the same as\nabove, but the players do not take turns. All play at once, as fast as\npossible, but each using only one hand. When you cannot or do not wish to make\nfurther moves with your face up cards, you turn over the top three cards of\nyour stack, put them face up on your discard pile and continue playing. If\nthere are no more cards in your stack, you may turn your whole discard pile\nover to make a new stack, and turn over its top three cards to start a new\ndiscard pile.\n\nPlay continues until one player has played all their cards to the foundation\npiles and wins, or until all players are blocked, in which case the winner is\nthe player who has played most cards to the foundation piles, or equivalently,\nthe player who has fewest cards in their stack plus layout.\n\nWith more than two players, after one player has gone out, the game can be\ncontinued for 2nd place, 3rd place and so on. When the game blocks the\nremaining players are placed according to how many unplayed cards they have in\ntheir stack plus layout, the fewer the better.\n\nIn the two-player game, some play that if both players are blocked and have\nfewer than 7 cards in their stacks, they may agree each to turn all the cards\nof their stacks face up in a row and use any of the cards from their own\nstacks to make any further moves that are possible.\n\n## Software and Online Games\n\nAt Solitaire.com you can play two-player Simultaneous Solitaire against a\ncomputer opponent.\n\nHome Page > Classified Index > Layout Group > Competitive Patience > Double\nSolitaire\n\nThis page is maintained by John McLeod (john@pagat.com). © John McLeod, 1999,\n2006, 2013. Last updated: 5th October 2013\n\nHome • A-Z • Sitemap • Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.solitairequeen.com/game/rules", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190419025543/http://www.solitairequeen.com/game/rules", "parsed_text": { "title": "solitairequeen.com", "passages": [ "The Sponsored Listings displayed above are served automatically by a third party. Neither the service provider nor the domain owner maintain any relationship with the advertisers. In case of trademark issues please contact the domain owner directly (contact information can be found in whois)." ] }, "parsed_md": "solitairequeen.com\n\nDomain for sale. Call +1 339-222-5134 or click here to make an offer\n\n# solitairequeen.com\n\n2019 Copyright. All Rights Reserved.\n\nThe Sponsored Listings displayed above are served automatically by a third\nparty. Neither the service provider nor the domain owner maintain any\nrelationship with the advertisers. In case of trademark issues please contact\nthe domain owner directly (contact information can be found in whois).\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n" } ]
849,169
How To Care for Papillons
To care for a Papillon, brush its coat every day with a bristle brush and a comb to remove tangles. You should also brush its teeth every day with canine toothpaste and give it chew toys to keep its teeth healthy. Because Papillon’s have a lot of hair in and around their ears, check their ears once a week and wipe away debris and wax buildup to prevent ear infections. Papillons are active dogs, so give yours at least 30 minutes of exercise or play time each day. Try playing games together that you can both enjoy, like fetch.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20180209141112/http://www.akc.org:80/dog-breeds/papillon/care/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210522014402/https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/dog-care/dog-grooming-tips", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180821202710/https://www.petsmart.com/pet-services/training/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.akc.org:80/dog-breeds/papillon/care/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180209141112/http://www.akc.org:80/dog-breeds/papillon/care/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Papillon Health & Care Information", "passages": [ "Papillons are a happy breed whether living in an apartment, out in the country or anywhere in between. They love to play outdoors, but they can be easily entertained and exercised indoors as well. Because they don't have an undercoat, they don't require a lot of grooming but should still be brushed regularly.", "Depending on the size of your dog as an adult you are going to want to feed them a formula that will cater to their unique digestive needs through the various phases of their life. Many dog food companies have breed-specific formulas for small, medium, large and giant breeds. The Papillon is a small breed and has a lifespan of 13 to 15 years.", "What you feed your dog is an individual choice, but working with your veterinarian and/or breeder will be the best way to determine frequency of meals as a puppy and the best adult diet to increase his longevity. Clean, fresh water should be available at all times.", "They should still be brushed regularly and given the occasional bath to keep them clean and looking their best. Grooming can be a wonderful bonding experience for you and your pet. Their strong fast-growing nails should be trimmed regularly with a nail clipper or grinder to avoid overgrowth, splitting and cracking. Their ears should be checked regularly to avoid a buildup of wax and debris which can result in an infection. Teeth should be brushed regularly.", "They love to play outdoors, but they can be easily entertained and exercised indoors as well. They are very intelligence and easily trained, and of course, it helps that they like to please and be with those they love. The temperament of a Papillon should be happy, alert, and friendly. Given the choice, a Papillon would much rather be running around the house chasing a ball than sitting quietly.", "Like all breeds there may be some health issues, like eye disease, patellar luxation and cardiac disease. Some dogs may be faced with these health challenges in their lives, but the majority of Papillons are healthy dogs.", "Working with a responsible breeder, those wishing to own a Papillon can gain the education they need to know about specific health concerns within the breed. Good breeders utilize genetic testing of their breeding stock to reduce the likelihood of disease in their puppies." ] }, "parsed_md": "Papillon Health & Care Information - American Kennel Club\n\nLoading... MY AKC Sign Up Login Search\n\n# PapillonCare\n\n##### Long, silky, low-shedding coat requires routine brushing.\n\nPapillons are a happy breed whether living in an apartment, out in the country\nor anywhere in between. They love to play outdoors, but they can be easily\nentertained and exercised indoors as well. Because they don't have an\nundercoat, they don't require a lot of grooming but should still be brushed\nregularly.\n\n * Dog Breeds\n * Papillon\n * Care\n\n## nutrition &FEEDING\n\nDepending on the size of your dog as an adult you are going to want to feed\nthem a formula that will cater to their unique digestive needs through the\nvarious phases of their life. Many dog food companies have breed-specific\nformulas for small, medium, large and giant breeds. The Papillon is a small\nbreed and has a lifespan of 13 to 15 years.\n\nWhat you feed your dog is an individual choice, but working with your\nveterinarian and/or breeder will be the best way to determine frequency of\nmeals as a puppy and the best adult diet to increase his longevity. Clean,\nfresh water should be available at all times.\n\n## coat &GROOMING\n\nThey should still be brushed regularly and given the occasional bath to keep\nthem clean and looking their best. Grooming can be a wonderful bonding\nexperience for you and your pet. Their strong fast-growing nails should be\ntrimmed regularly with a nail clipper or grinder to avoid overgrowth,\nsplitting and cracking. Their ears should be checked regularly to avoid a\nbuildup of wax and debris which can result in an infection. Teeth should be\nbrushed regularly.\n\ncoat length Medium\n\ngrooming Occasional Grooming\n\n## energy &EXERCISE\n\nThey love to play outdoors, but they can be easily entertained and exercised\nindoors as well. They are very intelligence and easily trained, and of course,\nit helps that they like to please and be with those they love. The temperament\nof a Papillon should be happy, alert, and friendly. Given the choice, a\nPapillon would much rather be running around the house chasing a ball than\nsitting quietly.\n\nenergy level Some Exercise\n\n## Papillon &HEALTH\n\nLike all breeds there may be some health issues, like eye disease, patellar\nluxation and cardiac disease. Some dogs may be faced with these health\nchallenges in their lives, but the majority of Papillons are healthy dogs.\n\nWorking with a responsible breeder, those wishing to own a Papillon can gain\nthe education they need to know about specific health concerns within the\nbreed. Good breeders utilize genetic testing of their breeding stock to reduce\nthe likelihood of disease in their puppies.\n\n * About AKC\n * * Mission Statement\n * Awards & Honors\n * Officers & Board of Directors\n * Minutes & Reports\n * AKC Online Library\n * Job Openings\n * AKC Visa® Card\n * Rules and Regulations\n * AKC Working It Out Guide\n\n * Support\n * * Additional Resources\n * Contact Us\n * Website Info & FAQs\n * Linking Policy\n * Material Reproduction Policy\n * The Answer Center\n * Downloadable Forms\n\n * Legislation & Public Policy\n * * About AKC Government Relations\n * Legislative Alerts\n * Legislative Action Center\n * Legislation Position Statements\n * AKC PAC\n\n * Press\n * * Press Center\n * Most Popular Dog Breeds in America\n * Communications Staff\n * AKC Syndicate\n * Family Dog\n * AKC Gazette\n * Write For Us\n\n * Follow AKC\n * * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Youtube\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n\n * Subscribe\n * * Family Dog Magazine\n\n * Email Newsletter\n\n * Weekly Winners Gallery\n\n * Woofipedia\n\n * AKC Global Services\n * Advertising\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy & Cookies\n * CA Privacy Rights\n\n© 2018 American Kennel Club. All rights reserved.\n\nBack to Top\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/dog-care/dog-grooming-tips", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210522014402/https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/dog-care/dog-grooming-tips", "parsed_text": { "title": "Dog Grooming Tips", "passages": [ "Have you ever watched your dog roll on the ground, lick her coat or chew at her fur? These are her ways of keeping clean. Sometimes, though, she’ll need a little help from you to look and smell her best. But don’t worry, we’re here to help. Read on for ways to keep your dog’s fur, skin, nails, teeth, ears and paws healthy and clean.", "The ASPCA recommends bathing your dog at least once every three months, but some may require more frequent baths if he or she spends a lot of time outdoors or has skin problems. Here are some steps to help you get started.", "First, give your pet a good brushing to remove all dead hair and mats, and then put him or her in a tub or sink that's been filled with about three to four inches of lukewarm water.", "Dogs with loose facial skin or wrinkles—such as Shar Peis and Pugs—will need special attention. To prevent dirt and bacteria from causing irritation and infection, clean the folds with damp cotton. Always thoroughly dry the areas between the folds.", "Bathing a Puppy Some pups think that bath time is a perfect time to act goofy! Young puppies especially will wiggle and bounce all over the place, and tend to nip at bath time. If this sounds like your pet, put a floating toy in the tub with her so she can focus on that rather than on mouthing you.", "Choosing a Shampoo Using a shampoo formulated for pets is best. Human shampoos aren't toxic to pets, but some may contain fragrances or other substances that can irritate your pet's skin. Select a product that's specifically formulated for your species of animal, as some ingredients may be harmful when applied to different types of pets. It's always smart to talk with your pet's veterinarian to make sure you're selecting a shampoo that will meet your pet's needs.", "Protecting Your Dog’s Eyes and Ears During Bath Time Since shampoos and soaps can be major irritants, ask your vet for a sterile eye lubricant to use during bathing—this will help protect your pet's eyes from shampoo. You can also use a sprayer or a showerhead with a long hose, allowing you to control water flow during rinsing. Avoid shampooing your pet's head altogether by simply using a wet washcloth to gently remove any dirt or debris from his or her face.", "Regular grooming with a brush or comb will help keep your pet's hair in good condition by removing dirt, spreading natural oils throughout her coat, preventing tangles and keeping her skin clean and irritant-free. Plus, grooming time is a great time to check for fleas and flea dirt—those little black specks that indicate your pet is playing host to a flea family.", "Smooth, Short Coats If your dog has a smooth, short coat (like that of a Chihuahua, Boxer or Basset Hound), you only need to brush once a week. Use a rubber brush to loosen dead skin and dirt and follow with bristle brush to remove dead hair. Polish your low-maintenance pooch with a chamois cloth and she's ready to shine!", "Short, Dense Fur If your dog has short, dense fur that's prone to matting, like that of a retriever, brushing once a week is fine. Use a slicker brush to remove tangles and catch dead hair with a bristle brush. Don't forget to comb her tail!", "Long, Silky Coats If your dog has a long, luxurious coat, such as that of a Yorkshire terrier, she'll need daily attention. Every day you'll need to remove tangles with a slicker brush. Next, brush her coat with a bristle brush. If you have a long-haired dog with a coat like a collie's or an Afghan hound's, follow the steps above, but also be sure to comb through the fur and trim the hair around the feet.", "Long Hair That's Frequently Matted For long-haired pooches, it's a good idea to set up a daily grooming routine to remove tangles and prevent mats. Gently tease out tangles with a slicker brush, and then brush your pet with a bristle brush. If matting is particularly dense, you may try clipping the hair, taking care not to come near the skin.", "Although shedding old or damaged hair is a normal process for dogs, the amount and frequency of hair shed often depends upon their health, breed type and season. Many dogs develop thick coats in the winter that are then shed in the spring. Dogs who are always kept indoors, however, are prone to smaller fluctuations in coat thickness and tend to shed fairly evenly all year.", "Steps to Minimize Shedding While you cannot stop a healthy dog from normal shedding, you can reduce the amount of hair in your home by brushing your dog regularly. Ask your veterinarian or groomer to recommend a specific type of brush or comb that will work best for your dog’s hair type.", "Excessive Hair Loss Shedding is a normal process for pets. Excessive shedding can also be circumvented with proper nutrition. Quality pet-food manufacturers work hard to include the right amount of nutrients so that supplements are not needed, but pets with allergies or sensitivities might need to experiment with different brands to discover which food works best for them.", "Your dog’s skin is an indication of her overall health, so it’s important to keep it in prime shape. When a skin problem occurs, your dog may respond with excessive scratching, chewing and/or licking. A wide range of causes—including external parasites, infections, allergies, metabolic problems and stress, or a combination of these—may be to blame.", "Odor First check your pet's ears and teeth, as these are often the source of odor-causing bacteria in pets. Simply keeping your dog clean by routinely bathing him may be all that is needed to stop the smell.", "Perfumes for dogs are not likely to be of toxic concern to most pets when used according to label directions. However, dogs with dermal allergies can develop skin irritation and those with nasal allergies might be affected by the smell. If you wish to use pooch cologne, administer only as directed and consult a vet if the pet has any history of allergies.", "If grooming proves fruitless and your dog smells consistently stinky, please consult with your veterinarian to check to see if there's an underlying cause or infection.", "Causes of Skin Problems One of the following may be causing an abnormality with your dog’s skin and should be investigated by a veterinarian.", "Fleas. Bites and droppings from these pesky insects can irritate your dog’s skin, and some pets can have an allergic response to the saliva following a bite. Some dogs may also be sensitive to flea-treatment products; certain flea collars, for example, may cause redness and irritation around the neck.", "Ringworm. This highly contagious fungal infection can result in inflammation, scaly patches and hair loss. You’ll want to treat it immediately to avoid other pets and people in the household from becoming infected.", "Seasonal or food allergies. Your dog’s scratching may be due to her sensitivity to allergens from common substances like pollen, weeds, dust, mites, trees, mold or grasses. Many dogs, like people, get dry, flaky skin in the winter. Many dogs develop allergies to common ingredients in dog foods, such as beef, chicken, wheat, corn or soy. Even fillers and colorings can be seen as foreign by your dog’s immune system and lead to itching and rashes.", "Skin infections. Dogs can develop irritating bacterial or yeast infections when the skin is damaged due to the presence of another skin disorder.", "Sarcoptic mange. This skin disease caused by infection from the Sarcoptes scabei mite results in extreme itching and skin inflammation similar to an allergic response.", "Grooming products. Certain shampoos and grooming products can irritate your dog’s skin. Be sure to only use grooming products that are meant for use on dogs.", "Stress or boredom. A dog may lick her skin (especially her legs) excessively for many reasons. Some lick when not given adequate opportunity for activity or mental stimulation.", "Knowing When to See the Vet You should schedule an exam with your vet as soon as you notice any abnormality in your pet’s skin or hair, or if your pet begins to excessively scratch, lick and/or bite areas on his fur.", "Your vet may perform diagnostic tests in order to find the cause of your dog’s symptoms, including a skin biopsy, test for ringworm, microscopic examination of the hair and skin for presence of parasites or infection, and blood tests to assess your dog’s overall health", "Mange Mange is a skin disease caused by several species of tiny mites, common external parasites found in companion canines. Some mange mites are normal residents of your dog’s skin and hair follicles, while others are not. While most dogs live in harmony with their mites, never suffering any consequences, mites can cause mild to severe skin infections if they reproduce.", "There are two types of mange: “Sarcoptic” mange and “demodectic” mange. Sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabei) is also known as canine scabies, and is caused by mites that are oval-shaped, light-colored and microscopic. This type of manage is transferred easily between hosts.", "All dogs raised normally by their mothers possess demodectic mange (Demodex canis) mites on their skin, which are transferred from mother to pup during the first few days of life. There are three types of demodectic mange that affect canines:", "Localized cases occur when mites proliferate in one or two small, confined areas. This results in isolated scaly bald patches—usually on the dog's face—creating a polka-dot appearance. This is considered a common ailment of puppies and dogs less than 18 months old. Approximately 90% of cases resolve with no treatment of any kind.", "Generalized cases, in contrast, affect a larger area of the dog’s skin. Secondary bacterial infections make this a very itchy, and often smelly, skin disease. This form of mange could also be a sign of a compromised immune system, hereditary problem, endocrine problem or other underlying health issue. Treatment depends on the age at which the dog developed the disease.", "Demodectic pododermatitis, one of the most resistant forms of mange, is confined to the foot and accompanied by bacterial infections. Deep biopsies are often required to locate these mites and make a proper diagnosis.", "Demodectic mange tends to cause hair loss, bald spots, scabbing and sores, and accompanying bacterial infections can make for an itchy and uncomfortable disease.", "Sarcoptic mange tends to result in restlessness and frantic scratching, with symptoms that generally appear one week after exposure. It also can result in hair loss, reddened skin, body sores and scabs. The most commonly affected areas are a dog’s ears, elbows, face and legs, but it can rapidly spread to the entire body.", "Demodex mites can be transferred from one dog to another, but as long as the dog is healthy, the mites simply add to the dog's natural mite population and no skin disease results. Isolation of dogs with even the most severe cases is still felt to be unnecessary. Though in rare circumstances, dog-to-dog contagion is possible. It is very rare for mites to be transmitted to humans or to cats.", "When sarcoptic mange is detected, the dog is typically isolated to prevent the condition from spreading to other pets and humans. When passed to humans, sarcoptic mange causes a rash of red bumps, similar to mosquito bites.", "Treating Mange Take your dog to a veterinarian, who will perform a physical exam, analyze skin scrapings and try to confirm the presence of mange mites with a microscope. It can be difficult to identify mange mites if they’re buried deep in a dog’s skin, so your vet may rely on clinical signs or your pet’s history to make a final diagnosis.", "Depending on the type of mange and the breed dog, medication may be given orally or topically by injection, shampoo or dip. Some infected dogs may also require special treatment for secondary skin infections. Treatment should be accompanied by skin scrapes every two weeks.", "Please note: many skin treatments can be toxic to dogs, so check with your vet before beginning any treatment program for mange.", "Preventing Mange If your dog has been diagnosed with sarcoptic mange, you’ll need to thoroughly clean or replace his bedding and collar and treat all animals in contact. If you suspect a neighbor’s dog may be infected, keep your pets away to keep the disease at bay. Be sure to bring your dog to the vet periodically as recommended for skin scrapes to ensure the mites have been eradicated.", "Hot Spots Hot spots are red, moist, hot and irritated lesions that are typically found on a dog’s head, hip or chest area that can become quite painful for the dog. Anything that irritates the skin and causes a dog to scratch or lick himself can start a hot spot, including allergic reactions, insect, mite or flea bites, poor grooming, underlying ear or skin infections and constant licking and chewing prompted by stress or boredom.", "Dogs who are not groomed regularly and have matted, dirty coats can be prone to developing hot spots, as can dogs who swim or who are exposed to rain. Additionally, dogs with hip dysplasia or anal sac disease can start licking the skin on their hind-end. Thick-coated, longhaired breeds are most commonly affected.", "Hot spots often grow at an alarming rate within a short period of time because dogs tend to lick, chew and scratch the affected areas, further irritating the skin.", "Treating Hot Spots You should visit your vet for an exam as soon as you notice any abnormality in your pet’s skin, or if your pet begins to excessively scratch, lick and/or bite areas on his fur. Your vet will attempt to determine the cause of hot spots. Whether it is a flea allergy, an anal gland infection or stress, the underlying issue needs to be taken care of. Your veterinarian will prescribe the care and medications needed to make your dog more comfortable and allow the hot spots to heal. This may include the use of an Elizabethan collar to keep your dog from biting and licking existing lesions.", "Preventing Hot Spots Make sure your dog is groomed on a regular basis, and you may choose to keep your pet’s hair clipped short, especially during warmer months. Follow a strict flea control program as recommended by your veterinarian.", "To keep boredom and stress at bay, make sure your dog gets adequate exercise and playtime with his human family or canine friends.", "Regularly brushing your dog's teeth, along with a healthy diet and plenty of chew toys, can go a long way toward keeping her mouth healthy. Bacteria and plaque-forming foods can cause build-up on a dog's teeth. This can harden into tartar, potentially causing gingivitis, receding gums and tooth loss. Many pooches show signs of gum disease by the time they're four years old because they aren't provided with proper mouth care.", "Give your dog regular home checks and you'll have a very contented pooch with a dazzling smile. We recommend brushing two to three times a week.", "First, you’ll want to get your pet used to the idea of having her teeth brushed. To do this, start by gently massaging her lips with your finger in a circular motion for 30 to 60 seconds once or twice a day for a few weeks before moving on to her teeth and gums.", "After a few sessions or when your pooch seems comfortable, put a little bit of dog-formulated toothpaste on her lips to get her used to the taste.", "Next, introduce a toothbrush designed especially for cats or dogs—it will be smaller than human toothbrushes and have softer bristles. Toothbrushes that you can wear over your finger are also available and allow you to give a nice massage to your pet's gums.", "Place the brush or your gauze-wrapped finger at a 45-degree angle to the teeth and clean in small, circular motions. Work on one area of your dog's mouth at a time, lifting her lip as necessary. The side of the tooth that touches the cheek usually has the most tartar, and giving a final downward stroke can help to remove it.", "If your dog resists having the inner surfaces of her teeth cleaned, don't fight it—only a small amount of tartar accumulates there. Once you get the technique down, go for a brushing two or three times a week.", "Choosing Toothpaste Do not use human toothpaste, which can irritate a dog's stomach. Instead, ask your vet for toothpaste made especially for canines or make a paste out of baking soda and water.", "Bad Breath If your dog’s breath is not a field of lilies, that's okay. Normal doggie-breath isn't particularly fresh-smelling. Halitosis, or bad breath, can be the first sign of a mouth problem and is caused by bacteria growing from food particles caught between the teeth or by gum infection. Certain dogs—particularly small ones—are especially prone to plaque and tartar. If plaque is the culprit, your pet may require a professional cleaning and regular at home brushings are a great solution.", "Persistent bad breath can indicate that your pet has digestive problems or a gum condition such as gingivitis, and should be examined by a vet. If your pet’s breath is especially offensive and is accompanied by a loss of appetite, vomiting or excessive drinking or urinating, it's a good idea to take your pooch to the vet.", "Signs of Oral Disease Once a week, lift your pet’s lips and examine his gums and teeth. The gums should be pink, not white or red, and should show no signs of swelling. His teeth should be clean, without any brownish tartar. A veterinary exam beforehand may be helpful to find out if your dog's gums are inflamed.", "Bad breath, excessive drooling, loose teeth, inflamed gums, tumors in the gums or cysts under the tongue are signs that your dog may have a problem in his mouth or gastrointestinal system and should be checked by a veterinarian.", "Getting familiar with these common mouth problems will help you determine if it's time for your pet to see a vet:", "Periodontal disease is a painful gum infection that can result in tooth loss and spread infection to the rest of the body. Signs are loose teeth, bad breath, tooth pain, sneezing and nasal discharge.", "Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums caused mainly by accumulation of plaque, tartar and disease-producing bacteria above and below the gum line. Signs include bleeding, red, swollen gums and bad breath. It is reversible with regular teeth cleanings.", "Swollen gums develop when tartar builds up and food gets stuck between the teeth. Regularly brushing your dog's teeth at home and getting annual cleanings at the vet can prevent tartar and gingivitis.", "Proliferating gum disease occurs when the gum grows over the teeth and must be treated to avoid gum infection. An inherited condition common to boxers and bull terriers, it can be treated with antibiotics.", "Salivary cysts look like large, fluid-filled blisters under the tongue, but can also develop near the corners of the jaw. They require drainage, and the damaged saliva gland must be removed.", "Canine distemper teeth can occur if a dog had distemper as a puppy. Adult teeth can appear looking eroded and can often decay. As damage is permanent, decayed teeth should be removed by a vet.", "Other Ways to Prevent Dental Problems Give your pooch treats that are specially formulated to keep canine teeth healthy, and ask your vet about a specially formulated dry food that can slow down the formation of plaque and tartar.", "Chew toys are also a great way to satisfy your dog’s natural desire to chomp while making his or her teeth strong. Gnawing on a chew toy can help massage the gums and keep teeth clean by scraping away soft tartar, plus it also reduces your dog's overall stress level and prevents boredom. Ask your vet to recommend toxin-free rawhide, nylon and rubber chew toys.", "Giving your pup regular home eye exams will help keep you alert to any tearing, cloudiness or inflammation that may indicate a health problem. First, face your dog in a brightly lit area and look into his eyes. They should be clear and bright, and the area around the eyeball should be white. The pupils should be equal in size and there shouldn’t be tearing, discharge or any crust in the corners of his eyes. With your thumb, gently roll down your dog’s lower eyelid and look at the lining. It should be pink, not red or white.", "A gentle wipe with a damp cotton ball will help to keep your pet’s eyes gunk- free. Wipe outward from the inner corner of the eye and be careful not to touch his or her eyeball—you don’t want to scratch the cornea! If your pet constantly suffers from runny eyes and discharge, please see your veterinarian. Your pet may have an infection or plugged tear ducts.", "Symptoms of Eye Infection The following are signs that something may be wrong with one or both of your dog’s eyes. Be sure to watch your pooch’s body language, too—pawing or rubbing his eye area may indicate possible problems. Call your veterinarian if your dog is experiencing any of these symptoms.", "Preventing Eye Problems Long-haired breeds can get eye damage if their locks aren’t tamed. Carefully trim the hair around your dog’s eyes to keep his vision clear and prevent hairs from poking and scratching. Soaps and topical medications can be major irritants, so sure to protect your dog’s eyes before bathing him or applying ointments or flea-control formulas.", "It’s much safer to drive with the windows only partially down and your dog’s head inside the vehicle to prevent pain or long-last injury from road debris or an insect getting in her eyes. The wind can also dry out your dog’s eyes, possibly causing irritation and infection.", "Consider doing a little research to find out if your dog’s breed is predisposed toward eye conditions, such as glaucoma or progressive retinal atrophy. Your pet should have his eyes checked on annual vet visits, but knowing about possible inherited problems will help you take important precautions.", "Your dog’s regular grooming routine should include regular ear checks. This is especially important for dogs who produce excessive earwax or have a lot of inner-ear hair. Don’t clean your dog’s ears so frequently or deeply as to cause irritation, and take care to never insert anything into your dog’s ear canal—probing inside can cause trauma or infection!", "If your dog’s inner ears appear dirty, clean them with a cotton ball or piece of gauze dampened with mineral oil, hydrogen peroxide or a liquid ear cleaner specially formulated for this purpose.", "Fold your pet’s ear back gently and wipe away any debris or earwax that you can see on the underside of his or her ear.", "Inner-ear skin is delicate, so allow your vet to demonstrate the proper method for cleaning your dog’s ears check out this video.", "Recognizing an Ear Infection Because a dog’s ear canals plunge downward and then horizontally from the ear opening, it is difficult for caught debris or water to be released, making canines especially susceptible to ear infections. Check your dog’s ears regularly for discharge, odor, swelling and other signs of infection. If your dog is showing any of the symptoms described below, see your veterinarian as soon as possible.", "Ear Care for Dogs Who Swim Frequent bathing or swimming can lead to ear irritation and infection. To prevent this from happening, place cotton in your dog’s ears before baths and be sure to dry his or her ears thoroughly after water sports and activities.", "If your dog is prone to ear infections, as your veterinarian to recommend an ear drying solution made for dogs to help evaporate any water trapped inside the ear canal. These ear washes, usually witch hazel-based, are available at better pet supply stores.", "Signs of Ear Problems Because of the twisty, curvy design a dog’s inner ears, it’s easy for parasites, bacteria and yeast to hide in them and infections can often arise as a result of this trapped debris. Dogs with allergies are particularly vulnerable to complications, as are those with floppy ears, like Cocker spaniels, Basset Hounds and Poodles. Brown or black ear wax—and dry, dark wax resembling coffee grounds—are classic indicators of microscopic ear mites. Only your vet can tell for sure, so please don’t delay bringing your pooch in for a checkup.", "As a rule of thumb, a dog’s nails should be trimmed when they just about touch the ground when he or she walks. If your pet’s nails are clicking or getting snagged on the floor, it’s time for a trim. For leisurely living dogs, this might mean weekly pedicures, while urban pooches who stalk rough city sidewalks can go longer between clippings.", "Finding Nail Clippers for Your Dog There are two basic styles of nail clippers for dogs: a scissors type and a guillotine type. They both work equally well, so choose the design that you’re most comfortable with.", "If your dog finds both kinds of clippers intolerable, an alternative tool is a nail grinder, an electric tool that sands nails down. These offer great control, but take longer than clippers and some people (and dogs) find the sounds and vibrations they produce unpleasant. Ask your veterinarian or groomer for advice about what types of nail trimmers are best for your dog and how to use them properly.", "Helping Dogs with Sensitive Feet Some dogs don’t like to have their feet touched, so it’s always a good idea to get your dog used to it before you attempt to clip his nails—ideally, this should start when he’s a pup. Rub your hand up and down the leg and then gently press each individual toe, and be sure to give her lots of praise and treats! Within a week or two of daily foot massage, your dog should feel more comfortable with a nail trim.", "Before beginning a pup pedicure, tire your dog out with some vigorous exercise and enlist an assistant to help you hold her down.", "Take your dog’s toe and hold it firmly, but gently. Hold your trimmer so that you’re cutting the nail from top to bottom at a slight angle, not side to side, and insert a very small length of nail through the trimmer’s opening to cut off the tip of each nail. Don’t trim at a blunt angle as to maintain the existing curvature of the nail.", "Cut a little bit of nail with each pass until you can see the beginning of a circle—still nail-colored—appear on the cut surface. The circle indicates that you are nearing the quick, a vein that runs into the nail, so it’s time to stop that nail and move on to the next.", "If your dog has black nails, however, the quick will not be as easily discernible, so be extra careful. If you do accidentally cut into the quick, it may bleed, in which case you can apply some styptic powder or corn starch to stop the bleeding.", "What to Do if You Cut Your Dog’s Quick If you do hit the quick, your dog will probably yelp and might even struggle. This is a good time to end the session—but not before applying styptic powder or corn starch to the bleeding nail tip. Apply a little bit of pressure as you press the powder into the wound to make sure it sticks. If bleeding continues for more than a few minutes, please alert your veterinarian, who can check your dog for clotting disorders.", "Helping Fearful Dogs Some dogs show fearful or aggressive behavior when faced with nail trimming. Watch carefully for signs of distress such as panting, drooling, trembling, whining, freezing, cowering, tail-tucking, growling, snarling or snapping. Even with the most patient and gradual of introductions, there are dogs who seem unable to get over their terror.", "If your dog falls into this category, do not force him to submit. See if his veterinarian or a professional groomer has better luck getting the job done—if not, it’s a good idea to make an appointment with a Certified Applied Animal Behaviorist (CAAB), a veterinary behaviorist (Dip ACVB) or a Certified Professional Dog Trainer (CPDT) to work on the underlying issues at hand.", "The pads on the bottom of your pups feet provide extra cushioning to help protect bones and joints from shock, provide insulation against extreme weather, aid walking on rough ground and protect tissue deep within the paw. It’s important to check your pet’s feet regularly to make sure they’re free of wounds, infections or foreign objects that can become lodged.", "To keep them in tip-top shape, look for foxtails, pebbles, small bits of broken glass and other debris. Remove any splinters or debris gently with tweezers. Then, comb and trim the hair between the toes to be even with the pads to avoid painful matting.", "Using Moisturizer If your dog’s pads have become cracked and dry, ask your veterinarian for a good pad moisturizer and use as directed. Avoid human hand moisturizers, which can soften the pads and lead to injury. A paw message will relax your dog and promote better circulation. Start by rubbing between the pads on the bottom of the paw, and then rub between each toe.", "Treating Wounds It’s not unusual for dogs to suffer cuts or wounds from accidently stepping on glass, debris or other objects. Wounds that are smaller than a half inch in diameter can be cleaned with an antibacterial wash and wrapped with a light bandage. For deeper paw cuts, see your veterinarian for treatment.", "Winter and Summer Paw Care As with humans, your dog’s paws will require different types of care depending on the season. The bitter cold of winter can cause chapping and cracking in your dog’s paws. Rock salt and chemical ice melters can cause sores, infection and blistering, and toxic chemicals can also be ingested by your dog when he licks his paws. Beat these wintertime blues by washing your dog’s paws in warm water after outdoor walks to rinse away salt and chemicals. You may wish to apply Vaseline, a great salt barrier, to your pet’s pads before each walk—or make sure your dog wears doggie booties.", "During the summer, it’s important to remember your dog’s paws feel heat extremes. Just imagine stepping barefoot onto hot pavement—ouch! To prevent burns and blisters, avoid walking your dog on hot pavement or sand. Watch for blisters, loose flaps of skin and red, ulcerated patches on your pet’s pads. For minor burns, apply antibacterial wash to the paw and cover with a loose bandage. For serious burns, please visit your vet immediately.", "Preventing Paw Problems When starting a new exercise program with your dog, start off slow. Paws may become sensitive, chaffed or cracked, particularly when starting your dog out on hikes or runs. Be sure to keep your home and yard clear of pointy bits and pieces, and avoid hazards such as broken glass and other debris when walking your dog. Always keep this simple tip in mind—if you wouldn’t like to walk barefoot on it, neither will your dog!", "© 2021 American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. All rights reserved. The ASPCA is a 501(c)(3) non-for-profit organization. Privacy Policy Legal Info" ] }, "parsed_md": "Dog Grooming Tips | ASPCA\n\nSkip to content\n\nASPCA\n\n * Key Issues\n\n * Animal Homelessness\n * Animal Cruelty\n * Our Response\n\n * Animal Rescue\n * Animal Placement\n * Animal Protection\n * How You Can Help\n\n * Ways to Give\n * Fundraise with Team ASPCA\n * Take Action\n * Adopt a Pet\n\n## Primary Nav Menu\n\n * Key Issues\n\n * Animal Homelessness\n * Animal Cruelty\n * Our Response\n\n * Animal Rescue\n * Animal Placement\n * Animal Protection\n * How You Can Help\n\n * Ways to Give\n * Fundraise with Team ASPCA\n * Take Action\n * Adopt a Pet\n\n * About Us\n * Adopt\n * NYC\n * News\n * ASPCA Pro\n\nDonate\n\n# Dog Grooming Tips\n\nHave you ever watched your dog roll on the ground, lick her coat or chew at\nher fur? These are her ways of keeping clean. Sometimes, though, she’ll need a\nlittle help from you to look and smell her best. But don’t worry, we’re here\nto help. Read on for ways to keep your dog’s fur, skin, nails, teeth, ears and\npaws healthy and clean.\n\n### Bathing Your Dog\n\nThe ASPCA recommends bathing your dog at least once every three months, but\nsome may require more frequent baths if he or she spends a lot of time\noutdoors or has skin problems. Here are some steps to help you get started.\n\nExpand to read more\n\n 1. First, give your pet a good brushing to remove all dead hair and mats, and then put him or her in a tub or sink that's been filled with about three to four inches of lukewarm water.\n 2. Then, use a spray hose, large plastic pitcher or an unbreakable cup to completely wet your pet.\n 3. Take care to not spray or pour water directly in his ears, eyes or nose.\n 4. Gently massage in shampoo, working from head to tail, and rinse and repeat as needed.\n 5. Dry him or her thoroughly by giving your pet a good rub with a large towel. Voila, clean pet!\n\nDogs with loose facial skin or wrinkles—such as Shar Peis and Pugs—will need\nspecial attention. To prevent dirt and bacteria from causing irritation and\ninfection, clean the folds with damp cotton. Always thoroughly dry the areas\nbetween the folds.\n\nBathing a Puppy Some pups think that bath time is a perfect time to act goofy!\nYoung puppies especially will wiggle and bounce all over the place, and tend\nto nip at bath time. If this sounds like your pet, put a floating toy in the\ntub with her so she can focus on that rather than on mouthing you.\n\nChoosing a Shampoo Using a shampoo formulated for pets is best. Human shampoos\naren't toxic to pets, but some may contain fragrances or other substances that\ncan irritate your pet's skin. Select a product that's specifically formulated\nfor your species of animal, as some ingredients may be harmful when applied to\ndifferent types of pets. It's always smart to talk with your pet's\nveterinarian to make sure you're selecting a shampoo that will meet your pet's\nneeds.\n\nProtecting Your Dog’s Eyes and Ears During Bath Time Since shampoos and soaps\ncan be major irritants, ask your vet for a sterile eye lubricant to use during\nbathing—this will help protect your pet's eyes from shampoo. You can also use\na sprayer or a showerhead with a long hose, allowing you to control water flow\nduring rinsing. Avoid shampooing your pet's head altogether by simply using a\nwet washcloth to gently remove any dirt or debris from his or her face.\n\nProtect your pet's ears, too, by placing a large cotton ball in each ear until\nthe bath is over.\n\n### Brushing Your Dog\n\nRegular grooming with a brush or comb will help keep your pet's hair in good\ncondition by removing dirt, spreading natural oils throughout her coat,\npreventing tangles and keeping her skin clean and irritant-free. Plus,\ngrooming time is a great time to check for fleas and flea dirt—those little\nblack specks that indicate your pet is playing host to a flea family.\n\nExpand to read more\n\nThe way you brush your pet—and how often—will largely depend on his or her\ncoat type.\n\nSmooth, Short Coats If your dog has a smooth, short coat (like that of a\nChihuahua, Boxer or Basset Hound), you only need to brush once a week. Use a\nrubber brush to loosen dead skin and dirt and follow with bristle brush to\nremove dead hair. Polish your low-maintenance pooch with a chamois cloth and\nshe's ready to shine!\n\nShort, Dense Fur If your dog has short, dense fur that's prone to matting,\nlike that of a retriever, brushing once a week is fine. Use a slicker brush to\nremove tangles and catch dead hair with a bristle brush. Don't forget to comb\nher tail!\n\nLong, Silky Coats If your dog has a long, luxurious coat, such as that of a\nYorkshire terrier, she'll need daily attention. Every day you'll need to\nremove tangles with a slicker brush. Next, brush her coat with a bristle\nbrush. If you have a long-haired dog with a coat like a collie's or an Afghan\nhound's, follow the steps above, but also be sure to comb through the fur and\ntrim the hair around the feet.\n\nLong Hair That's Frequently Matted For long-haired pooches, it's a good idea\nto set up a daily grooming routine to remove tangles and prevent mats. Gently\ntease out tangles with a slicker brush, and then brush your pet with a bristle\nbrush. If matting is particularly dense, you may try clipping the hair, taking\ncare not to come near the skin.\n\n### Shedding\n\nAlthough shedding old or damaged hair is a normal process for dogs, the amount\nand frequency of hair shed often depends upon their health, breed type and\nseason. Many dogs develop thick coats in the winter that are then shed in the\nspring. Dogs who are always kept indoors, however, are prone to smaller\nfluctuations in coat thickness and tend to shed fairly evenly all year.\n\nExpand to read more\n\nSteps to Minimize Shedding While you cannot stop a healthy dog from normal\nshedding, you can reduce the amount of hair in your home by brushing your dog\nregularly. Ask your veterinarian or groomer to recommend a specific type of\nbrush or comb that will work best for your dog’s hair type.\n\nExcessive Hair Loss Shedding is a normal process for pets. Excessive shedding\ncan also be circumvented with proper nutrition. Quality pet-food manufacturers\nwork hard to include the right amount of nutrients so that supplements are not\nneeded, but pets with allergies or sensitivities might need to experiment with\ndifferent brands to discover which food works best for them.\n\nHowever, excessive hair loss or bald patches may be due to one of the\nfollowing:\n\n * Parasites (fleas, lice or mites)\n * Fungal or bacterial infections\n * Inhalant- or food-related allergies\n * Kidney, liver, thyroid or adrenal disease (including Cushing’s)\n * Pregnancy or lactation\n * Certain medications\n * Self-induced trauma due to licking\n * Cancer\n * Immune disease\n * Sunburn\n * Contact with irritating or caustic substance\n\nIf you notice any of the following conditions, consult with your veterinarian\nfor treatment.\n\n * Skin irritation, including redness, bumps, rashes or scabs\n * Open sores of any kind\n * Bald spots or thinning of coat\n * Dull, dry hair that pulls out easily\n * Scratching\n * Constant foot licking or face rubbing\n\n### Skin Problems\n\nYour dog’s skin is an indication of her overall health, so it’s important to\nkeep it in prime shape. When a skin problem occurs, your dog may respond with\nexcessive scratching, chewing and/or licking. A wide range of causes—including\nexternal parasites, infections, allergies, metabolic problems and stress, or a\ncombination of these—may be to blame.\n\nExpand to read more\n\nOdor First check your pet's ears and teeth, as these are often the source of\nodor-causing bacteria in pets. Simply keeping your dog clean by routinely\nbathing him may be all that is needed to stop the smell.\n\nPerfumes for dogs are not likely to be of toxic concern to most pets when used\naccording to label directions. However, dogs with dermal allergies can develop\nskin irritation and those with nasal allergies might be affected by the smell.\nIf you wish to use pooch cologne, administer only as directed and consult a\nvet if the pet has any history of allergies.\n\n * If grooming proves fruitless and your dog smells consistently stinky, please consult with your veterinarian to check to see if there's an underlying cause or infection.\n\nOther Skin Problems\n\n * Scratching, licking or chewing at skin\n * Scabs\n * Redness or inflammation\n * Hot spots (one particular area where itching is intense)\n * Round, scaly patches on the face and paws\n * Dry, flaky or otherwise irritated skin\n * Hair loss, bald patches\n * Rashes\n * Lesions\n * Drainage of blood or pus\n * Swellings, lumps or skin discoloration\n * Rubbing face against furniture or carpeting\n\nCauses of Skin Problems One of the following may be causing an abnormality\nwith your dog’s skin and should be investigated by a veterinarian.\n\n * Fleas. Bites and droppings from these pesky insects can irritate your dog’s skin, and some pets can have an allergic response to the saliva following a bite. Some dogs may also be sensitive to flea-treatment products; certain flea collars, for example, may cause redness and irritation around the neck.\n * Ringworm. This highly contagious fungal infection can result in inflammation, scaly patches and hair loss. You’ll want to treat it immediately to avoid other pets and people in the household from becoming infected.\n * Seasonal or food allergies. Your dog’s scratching may be due to her sensitivity to allergens from common substances like pollen, weeds, dust, mites, trees, mold or grasses. Many dogs, like people, get dry, flaky skin in the winter. Many dogs develop allergies to common ingredients in dog foods, such as beef, chicken, wheat, corn or soy. Even fillers and colorings can be seen as foreign by your dog’s immune system and lead to itching and rashes.\n * Skin infections. Dogs can develop irritating bacterial or yeast infections when the skin is damaged due to the presence of another skin disorder.\n * Sarcoptic mange. This skin disease caused by infection from the Sarcoptes scabei mite results in extreme itching and skin inflammation similar to an allergic response.\n * Grooming products. Certain shampoos and grooming products can irritate your dog’s skin. Be sure to only use grooming products that are meant for use on dogs.\n * Stress or boredom. A dog may lick her skin (especially her legs) excessively for many reasons. Some lick when not given adequate opportunity for activity or mental stimulation.\n * Metabolic or hormonal problems. Several common hormonal problems can cause change in skin color, coat consistency, thickness and distribution.\n\nKnowing When to See the Vet You should schedule an exam with your vet as soon\nas you notice any abnormality in your pet’s skin or hair, or if your pet\nbegins to excessively scratch, lick and/or bite areas on his fur.\n\nYour vet may perform diagnostic tests in order to find the cause of your dog’s\nsymptoms, including a skin biopsy, test for ringworm, microscopic examination\nof the hair and skin for presence of parasites or infection, and blood tests\nto assess your dog’s overall health\n\nMange Mange is a skin disease caused by several species of tiny mites, common\nexternal parasites found in companion canines. Some mange mites are normal\nresidents of your dog’s skin and hair follicles, while others are not. While\nmost dogs live in harmony with their mites, never suffering any consequences,\nmites can cause mild to severe skin infections if they reproduce.\n\nThere are two types of mange: “Sarcoptic” mange and “demodectic” mange.\nSarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabei) is also known as canine scabies, and is\ncaused by mites that are oval-shaped, light-colored and microscopic. This type\nof manage is transferred easily between hosts.\n\nAll dogs raised normally by their mothers possess demodectic mange (Demodex\ncanis) mites on their skin, which are transferred from mother to pup during\nthe first few days of life. There are three types of demodectic mange that\naffect canines:\n\n * Localized cases occur when mites proliferate in one or two small, confined areas. This results in isolated scaly bald patches—usually on the dog's face—creating a polka-dot appearance. This is considered a common ailment of puppies and dogs less than 18 months old. Approximately 90% of cases resolve with no treatment of any kind.\n * Generalized cases, in contrast, affect a larger area of the dog’s skin. Secondary bacterial infections make this a very itchy, and often smelly, skin disease. This form of mange could also be a sign of a compromised immune system, hereditary problem, endocrine problem or other underlying health issue. Treatment depends on the age at which the dog developed the disease.\n * Demodectic pododermatitis, one of the most resistant forms of mange, is confined to the foot and accompanied by bacterial infections. Deep biopsies are often required to locate these mites and make a proper diagnosis.\n\nGeneral Symptoms of Mange in Dog\n\n * Demodectic mange tends to cause hair loss, bald spots, scabbing and sores, and accompanying bacterial infections can make for an itchy and uncomfortable disease.\n * Sarcoptic mange tends to result in restlessness and frantic scratching, with symptoms that generally appear one week after exposure. It also can result in hair loss, reddened skin, body sores and scabs. The most commonly affected areas are a dog’s ears, elbows, face and legs, but it can rapidly spread to the entire body.\n * Demodex mites can be transferred from one dog to another, but as long as the dog is healthy, the mites simply add to the dog's natural mite population and no skin disease results. Isolation of dogs with even the most severe cases is still felt to be unnecessary. Though in rare circumstances, dog-to-dog contagion is possible. It is very rare for mites to be transmitted to humans or to cats.\n * When sarcoptic mange is detected, the dog is typically isolated to prevent the condition from spreading to other pets and humans. When passed to humans, sarcoptic mange causes a rash of red bumps, similar to mosquito bites.\n\nTreating Mange Take your dog to a veterinarian, who will perform a physical\nexam, analyze skin scrapings and try to confirm the presence of mange mites\nwith a microscope. It can be difficult to identify mange mites if they’re\nburied deep in a dog’s skin, so your vet may rely on clinical signs or your\npet’s history to make a final diagnosis.\n\nDepending on the type of mange and the breed dog, medication may be given\norally or topically by injection, shampoo or dip. Some infected dogs may also\nrequire special treatment for secondary skin infections. Treatment should be\naccompanied by skin scrapes every two weeks.\n\nPlease note: many skin treatments can be toxic to dogs, so check with your vet\nbefore beginning any treatment program for mange.\n\nPreventing Mange If your dog has been diagnosed with sarcoptic mange, you’ll\nneed to thoroughly clean or replace his bedding and collar and treat all\nanimals in contact. If you suspect a neighbor’s dog may be infected, keep your\npets away to keep the disease at bay. Be sure to bring your dog to the vet\nperiodically as recommended for skin scrapes to ensure the mites have been\neradicated.\n\nHot Spots Hot spots are red, moist, hot and irritated lesions that are\ntypically found on a dog’s head, hip or chest area that can become quite\npainful for the dog. Anything that irritates the skin and causes a dog to\nscratch or lick himself can start a hot spot, including allergic reactions,\ninsect, mite or flea bites, poor grooming, underlying ear or skin infections\nand constant licking and chewing prompted by stress or boredom.\n\nDogs who are not groomed regularly and have matted, dirty coats can be prone\nto developing hot spots, as can dogs who swim or who are exposed to rain.\nAdditionally, dogs with hip dysplasia or anal sac disease can start licking\nthe skin on their hind-end. Thick-coated, longhaired breeds are most commonly\naffected.\n\nHot spots often grow at an alarming rate within a short period of time because\ndogs tend to lick, chew and scratch the affected areas, further irritating the\nskin.\n\nTreating Hot Spots You should visit your vet for an exam as soon as you notice\nany abnormality in your pet’s skin, or if your pet begins to excessively\nscratch, lick and/or bite areas on his fur. Your vet will attempt to determine\nthe cause of hot spots. Whether it is a flea allergy, an anal gland infection\nor stress, the underlying issue needs to be taken care of. Your veterinarian\nwill prescribe the care and medications needed to make your dog more\ncomfortable and allow the hot spots to heal. This may include the use of an\nElizabethan collar to keep your dog from biting and licking existing lesions.\n\nTreatment may also include the following:\n\n * Shaving of the hair surrounding the lesion, which allows air and medication to reach the wound\n * Cleansing the hot spot with a non-irritating solution\n * Antibiotics and painkillers\n * Medication to prevent and treat parasites\n * Balanced diet to help maintain healthy skin and coat\n * Dietary supplement containing essential fatty acids\n * Corticosteroids or antihistamines to control itching\n * Hypoallergenic diet for food allergies\n\nPreventing Hot Spots Make sure your dog is groomed on a regular basis, and you\nmay choose to keep your pet’s hair clipped short, especially during warmer\nmonths. Follow a strict flea control program as recommended by your\nveterinarian.\n\nTo keep boredom and stress at bay, make sure your dog gets adequate exercise\nand playtime with his human family or canine friends.\n\n### Dental Care\n\nRegularly brushing your dog's teeth, along with a healthy diet and plenty of\nchew toys, can go a long way toward keeping her mouth healthy. Bacteria and\nplaque-forming foods can cause build-up on a dog's teeth. This can harden into\ntartar, potentially causing gingivitis, receding gums and tooth loss. Many\npooches show signs of gum disease by the time they're four years old because\nthey aren't provided with proper mouth care.\n\nExpand to read more\n\nGive your dog regular home checks and you'll have a very contented pooch with\na dazzling smile. We recommend brushing two to three times a week.\n\n * First, you’ll want to get your pet used to the idea of having her teeth brushed. To do this, start by gently massaging her lips with your finger in a circular motion for 30 to 60 seconds once or twice a day for a few weeks before moving on to her teeth and gums.\n * After a few sessions or when your pooch seems comfortable, put a little bit of dog-formulated toothpaste on her lips to get her used to the taste.\n * Next, introduce a toothbrush designed especially for cats or dogs—it will be smaller than human toothbrushes and have softer bristles. Toothbrushes that you can wear over your finger are also available and allow you to give a nice massage to your pet's gums.\n * Place the brush or your gauze-wrapped finger at a 45-degree angle to the teeth and clean in small, circular motions. Work on one area of your dog's mouth at a time, lifting her lip as necessary. The side of the tooth that touches the cheek usually has the most tartar, and giving a final downward stroke can help to remove it.\n * If your dog resists having the inner surfaces of her teeth cleaned, don't fight it—only a small amount of tartar accumulates there. Once you get the technique down, go for a brushing two or three times a week.\n\nChoosing Toothpaste Do not use human toothpaste, which can irritate a dog's\nstomach. Instead, ask your vet for toothpaste made especially for canines or\nmake a paste out of baking soda and water.\n\nBad Breath If your dog’s breath is not a field of lilies, that's okay. Normal\ndoggie-breath isn't particularly fresh-smelling. Halitosis, or bad breath, can\nbe the first sign of a mouth problem and is caused by bacteria growing from\nfood particles caught between the teeth or by gum infection. Certain\ndogs—particularly small ones—are especially prone to plaque and tartar. If\nplaque is the culprit, your pet may require a professional cleaning and\nregular at home brushings are a great solution.\n\nPersistent bad breath can indicate that your pet has digestive problems or a\ngum condition such as gingivitis, and should be examined by a vet. If your\npet’s breath is especially offensive and is accompanied by a loss of appetite,\nvomiting or excessive drinking or urinating, it's a good idea to take your\npooch to the vet.\n\nSigns of Oral Disease Once a week, lift your pet’s lips and examine his gums\nand teeth. The gums should be pink, not white or red, and should show no signs\nof swelling. His teeth should be clean, without any brownish tartar. A\nveterinary exam beforehand may be helpful to find out if your dog's gums are\ninflamed.\n\nBad breath, excessive drooling, loose teeth, inflamed gums, tumors in the gums\nor cysts under the tongue are signs that your dog may have a problem in his\nmouth or gastrointestinal system and should be checked by a veterinarian.\n\nGetting familiar with these common mouth problems will help you determine if\nit's time for your pet to see a vet:\n\n * Periodontal disease is a painful gum infection that can result in tooth loss and spread infection to the rest of the body. Signs are loose teeth, bad breath, tooth pain, sneezing and nasal discharge.\n * Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums caused mainly by accumulation of plaque, tartar and disease-producing bacteria above and below the gum line. Signs include bleeding, red, swollen gums and bad breath. It is reversible with regular teeth cleanings.\n * Swollen gums develop when tartar builds up and food gets stuck between the teeth. Regularly brushing your dog's teeth at home and getting annual cleanings at the vet can prevent tartar and gingivitis.\n * Proliferating gum disease occurs when the gum grows over the teeth and must be treated to avoid gum infection. An inherited condition common to boxers and bull terriers, it can be treated with antibiotics.\n * Mouth tumors appear as lumps in the gums. Some are malignant and must be surgically removed.\n * Salivary cysts look like large, fluid-filled blisters under the tongue, but can also develop near the corners of the jaw. They require drainage, and the damaged saliva gland must be removed.\n * Canine distemper teeth can occur if a dog had distemper as a puppy. Adult teeth can appear looking eroded and can often decay. As damage is permanent, decayed teeth should be removed by a vet.\n\nOther Ways to Prevent Dental Problems Give your pooch treats that are\nspecially formulated to keep canine teeth healthy, and ask your vet about a\nspecially formulated dry food that can slow down the formation of plaque and\ntartar.\n\nChew toys are also a great way to satisfy your dog’s natural desire to chomp\nwhile making his or her teeth strong. Gnawing on a chew toy can help massage\nthe gums and keep teeth clean by scraping away soft tartar, plus it also\nreduces your dog's overall stress level and prevents boredom. Ask your vet to\nrecommend toxin-free rawhide, nylon and rubber chew toys.\n\n### Eye Care\n\nGiving your pup regular home eye exams will help keep you alert to any\ntearing, cloudiness or inflammation that may indicate a health problem. First,\nface your dog in a brightly lit area and look into his eyes. They should be\nclear and bright, and the area around the eyeball should be white. The pupils\nshould be equal in size and there shouldn’t be tearing, discharge or any crust\nin the corners of his eyes. With your thumb, gently roll down your dog’s lower\neyelid and look at the lining. It should be pink, not red or white.\n\nExpand to read more\n\nA gentle wipe with a damp cotton ball will help to keep your pet’s eyes gunk-\nfree. Wipe outward from the inner corner of the eye and be careful not to\ntouch his or her eyeball—you don’t want to scratch the cornea! If your pet\nconstantly suffers from runny eyes and discharge, please see your\nveterinarian. Your pet may have an infection or plugged tear ducts.\n\nSymptoms of Eye Infection The following are signs that something may be wrong\nwith one or both of your dog’s eyes. Be sure to watch your pooch’s body\nlanguage, too—pawing or rubbing his eye area may indicate possible problems.\nCall your veterinarian if your dog is experiencing any of these symptoms.\n\n * Discharge and crusty gunk\n * Tearing\n * Red or white eyelid linings\n * Tear-stained fur\n * Closed eye(s)\n * Cloudiness or change in eye color\n * Visible third eyelid\n * Unequal pupil size\n\nCommon Eye Problems in Dogs The following eye-related disorders are commonly\nseen in dogs:\n\n * Conjunctivitis: One or both of your dog’s eyes will look red and swollen, and there may be discharge\n * Dry Eye: Diminished tear production can cause corneal inflammation, squinting and discharge.\n * Epiphora: An overflow of tears creates stains on the dog’s facial fur.\n * Cherry Eye: An enlarged tear gland forms a cherry-like mass in the corner of the dog's eye.\n * Glaucoma: The cornea may become cloudy and the eye enlarges due to an increased pressure in the eyeball.\n * Ectropion: A turning outward of the eyelid away from the eye (lower lids may look droopy).\n * Entropion: A rolling in of the eyelid causes discharge and tearing.\n * Cataract: An opacity on the lens of the eye can cause impaired vision and possible blindness.\n * Progressive Retinal Atrophy: Caused by degeneration of retinal tissue—night blindness is often its first sign.\n\nPreventing Eye Problems Long-haired breeds can get eye damage if their locks\naren’t tamed. Carefully trim the hair around your dog’s eyes to keep his\nvision clear and prevent hairs from poking and scratching. Soaps and topical\nmedications can be major irritants, so sure to protect your dog’s eyes before\nbathing him or applying ointments or flea-control formulas.\n\nIt’s much safer to drive with the windows only partially down and your dog’s\nhead inside the vehicle to prevent pain or long-last injury from road debris\nor an insect getting in her eyes. The wind can also dry out your dog’s eyes,\npossibly causing irritation and infection.\n\nConsider doing a little research to find out if your dog’s breed is\npredisposed toward eye conditions, such as glaucoma or progressive retinal\natrophy. Your pet should have his eyes checked on annual vet visits, but\nknowing about possible inherited problems will help you take important\nprecautions.\n\n### Ear Care\n\nYour dog’s regular grooming routine should include regular ear checks. This is\nespecially important for dogs who produce excessive earwax or have a lot of\ninner-ear hair. Don’t clean your dog’s ears so frequently or deeply as to\ncause irritation, and take care to never insert anything into your dog’s ear\ncanal—probing inside can cause trauma or infection!\n\nExpand to read more\n\n * If your dog’s inner ears appear dirty, clean them with a cotton ball or piece of gauze dampened with mineral oil, hydrogen peroxide or a liquid ear cleaner specially formulated for this purpose.\n * Fold your pet’s ear back gently and wipe away any debris or earwax that you can see on the underside of his or her ear.\n * Be sure to lift away the dirt and wax rather than rubbing it into the ear.\n * Inner-ear skin is delicate, so allow your vet to demonstrate the proper method for cleaning your dog’s ears check out this video.\n\nRecognizing an Ear Infection Because a dog’s ear canals plunge downward and\nthen horizontally from the ear opening, it is difficult for caught debris or\nwater to be released, making canines especially susceptible to ear infections.\nCheck your dog’s ears regularly for discharge, odor, swelling and other signs\nof infection. If your dog is showing any of the symptoms described below, see\nyour veterinarian as soon as possible.\n\n * Ear scratching\n * Brown, yellow or bloody discharge\n * Odor in the ear\n * Redness\n * Swelling\n * Crusted or scabby skin on the near ear flap\n * Hair loss around the ear\n * Wiping the ear area on the floor or furniture\n * Head shaking or head tilt\n * Loss of balance\n * Unusual eye movements\n * Walking in circles\n * Hearing loss\n\nEar Care for Dogs Who Swim Frequent bathing or swimming can lead to ear\nirritation and infection. To prevent this from happening, place cotton in your\ndog’s ears before baths and be sure to dry his or her ears thoroughly after\nwater sports and activities.\n\nIf your dog is prone to ear infections, as your veterinarian to recommend an\near drying solution made for dogs to help evaporate any water trapped inside\nthe ear canal. These ear washes, usually witch hazel-based, are available at\nbetter pet supply stores.\n\nSigns of Ear Problems Because of the twisty, curvy design a dog’s inner ears,\nit’s easy for parasites, bacteria and yeast to hide in them and infections can\noften arise as a result of this trapped debris. Dogs with allergies are\nparticularly vulnerable to complications, as are those with floppy ears, like\nCocker spaniels, Basset Hounds and Poodles. Brown or black ear wax—and dry,\ndark wax resembling coffee grounds—are classic indicators of microscopic ear\nmites. Only your vet can tell for sure, so please don’t delay bringing your\npooch in for a checkup.\n\nContact your veterinarian if you notice any of the following symptoms\naffecting your dog’s ears.\n\n * Ear discharge\n * Bad smells\n * Redness\n * Swelling\n * Crusty skin\n * Hair loss\n\n### Nail Care\n\nAs a rule of thumb, a dog’s nails should be trimmed when they just about touch\nthe ground when he or she walks. If your pet’s nails are clicking or getting\nsnagged on the floor, it’s time for a trim. For leisurely living dogs, this\nmight mean weekly pedicures, while urban pooches who stalk rough city\nsidewalks can go longer between clippings.\n\nExpand to read more\n\nFinding Nail Clippers for Your Dog There are two basic styles of nail clippers\nfor dogs: a scissors type and a guillotine type. They both work equally well,\nso choose the design that you’re most comfortable with.\n\nIf your dog finds both kinds of clippers intolerable, an alternative tool is a\nnail grinder, an electric tool that sands nails down. These offer great\ncontrol, but take longer than clippers and some people (and dogs) find the\nsounds and vibrations they produce unpleasant. Ask your veterinarian or\ngroomer for advice about what types of nail trimmers are best for your dog and\nhow to use them properly.\n\nHelping Dogs with Sensitive Feet Some dogs don’t like to have their feet\ntouched, so it’s always a good idea to get your dog used to it before you\nattempt to clip his nails—ideally, this should start when he’s a pup. Rub your\nhand up and down the leg and then gently press each individual toe, and be\nsure to give her lots of praise and treats! Within a week or two of daily foot\nmassage, your dog should feel more comfortable with a nail trim.\n\nBefore beginning a pup pedicure, tire your dog out with some vigorous exercise\nand enlist an assistant to help you hold her down.\n\nHow to Trim Your Dog’s Nails\n\n 1. Begin by spreading each of your dog's feet to inspect for dirt and debris.\n 2. Take your dog’s toe and hold it firmly, but gently. Hold your trimmer so that you’re cutting the nail from top to bottom at a slight angle, not side to side, and insert a very small length of nail through the trimmer’s opening to cut off the tip of each nail. Don’t trim at a blunt angle as to maintain the existing curvature of the nail.\n 3. Cut a little bit of nail with each pass until you can see the beginning of a circle—still nail-colored—appear on the cut surface. The circle indicates that you are nearing the quick, a vein that runs into the nail, so it’s time to stop that nail and move on to the next.\n 4. If your dog has black nails, however, the quick will not be as easily discernible, so be extra careful. If you do accidentally cut into the quick, it may bleed, in which case you can apply some styptic powder or corn starch to stop the bleeding.\n 5. Once the nails have been cut, use an emery board to smooth any rough edges.\n\nWhat to Do if You Cut Your Dog’s Quick If you do hit the quick, your dog will\nprobably yelp and might even struggle. This is a good time to end the\nsession—but not before applying styptic powder or corn starch to the bleeding\nnail tip. Apply a little bit of pressure as you press the powder into the\nwound to make sure it sticks. If bleeding continues for more than a few\nminutes, please alert your veterinarian, who can check your dog for clotting\ndisorders.\n\nHelping Fearful Dogs Some dogs show fearful or aggressive behavior when faced\nwith nail trimming. Watch carefully for signs of distress such as panting,\ndrooling, trembling, whining, freezing, cowering, tail-tucking, growling,\nsnarling or snapping. Even with the most patient and gradual of introductions,\nthere are dogs who seem unable to get over their terror.\n\nIf your dog falls into this category, do not force him to submit. See if his\nveterinarian or a professional groomer has better luck getting the job done—if\nnot, it’s a good idea to make an appointment with a Certified Applied Animal\nBehaviorist (CAAB), a veterinary behaviorist (Dip ACVB) or a Certified\nProfessional Dog Trainer (CPDT) to work on the underlying issues at hand.\n\n### Paw Care\n\nThe pads on the bottom of your pups feet provide extra cushioning to help\nprotect bones and joints from shock, provide insulation against extreme\nweather, aid walking on rough ground and protect tissue deep within the paw.\nIt’s important to check your pet’s feet regularly to make sure they’re free of\nwounds, infections or foreign objects that can become lodged.\n\nExpand to read more\n\nTo keep them in tip-top shape, look for foxtails, pebbles, small bits of\nbroken glass and other debris. Remove any splinters or debris gently with\ntweezers. Then, comb and trim the hair between the toes to be even with the\npads to avoid painful matting.\n\nUsing Moisturizer If your dog’s pads have become cracked and dry, ask your\nveterinarian for a good pad moisturizer and use as directed. Avoid human hand\nmoisturizers, which can soften the pads and lead to injury. A paw message will\nrelax your dog and promote better circulation. Start by rubbing between the\npads on the bottom of the paw, and then rub between each toe.\n\nTreating Wounds It’s not unusual for dogs to suffer cuts or wounds from\naccidently stepping on glass, debris or other objects. Wounds that are smaller\nthan a half inch in diameter can be cleaned with an antibacterial wash and\nwrapped with a light bandage. For deeper paw cuts, see your veterinarian for\ntreatment.\n\nWinter and Summer Paw Care As with humans, your dog’s paws will require\ndifferent types of care depending on the season. The bitter cold of winter can\ncause chapping and cracking in your dog’s paws. Rock salt and chemical ice\nmelters can cause sores, infection and blistering, and toxic chemicals can\nalso be ingested by your dog when he licks his paws. Beat these wintertime\nblues by washing your dog’s paws in warm water after outdoor walks to rinse\naway salt and chemicals. You may wish to apply Vaseline, a great salt barrier,\nto your pet’s pads before each walk—or make sure your dog wears doggie\nbooties.\n\nDuring the summer, it’s important to remember your dog’s paws feel heat\nextremes. Just imagine stepping barefoot onto hot pavement—ouch! To prevent\nburns and blisters, avoid walking your dog on hot pavement or sand. Watch for\nblisters, loose flaps of skin and red, ulcerated patches on your pet’s pads.\nFor minor burns, apply antibacterial wash to the paw and cover with a loose\nbandage. For serious burns, please visit your vet immediately.\n\nPreventing Paw Problems When starting a new exercise program with your dog,\nstart off slow. Paws may become sensitive, chaffed or cracked, particularly\nwhen starting your dog out on hikes or runs. Be sure to keep your home and\nyard clear of pointy bits and pieces, and avoid hazards such as broken glass\nand other debris when walking your dog. Always keep this simple tip in mind—if\nyou wouldn’t like to walk barefoot on it, neither will your dog!\n\n### Other Ways to Help:\n\n * Become a Monthly Member\n * Fundraise with Team ASPCA\n * Join the Mobile Action Team\n\n## Share this page:\n\n### Help the ASPCA Put a Stop to Animal Cruelty\n\nDonate\n\nASPCA\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Contact\n * Press\n * Strategic Cause Partnerships\n * Pet Care\n * Shop\n\n© 2021 American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. All rights\nreserved. The ASPCA is a 501(c)(3) non-for-profit organization. Privacy Policy\nLegal Info\n\nFacebookTwitterYoutubeInstagramPinterest\n\n#### Our Partnerships\n\n * Subaru\n\nExclusive Subaru VIP offer for ASPCA Guardians & Founders.\n\n * ASPCA Pet Health Insurance\n\nUnderwritten by United States Fire Insurance Company\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.petsmart.com/pet-services/training/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180821202710/https://www.petsmart.com/pet-services/training/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Dog Training: Puppy and Adult Dog Training Classes", "passages": [ "Our expert dog trainers teach fun & effective group & private classes! Through positive reinforcement, your dog will be successful in the real world (not just the classroom).", "Designed to help pet parents and their pets learn and practice skills needed to take a Therapy Dog Evaluation. You'll learn to read your pet's body language and demonstrate positive interactions.", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "A great introductory class that teaches simple cues like sit, come and stay. (For puppies 10 weeks to 5 months old.)", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "For dogs with no previous training, this class helps strengthen basic manners through impulse-control exercises. (For dogs 5 months old & up.) Give pets a solid foundation of basic behaviors. Untrained adolescent and adult dogs can become easily distracted by their environment, which is why this class focuses on important impulse-control exercises.", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "The perfect class for dogs who already know basic cues but need to practice behaviors with added distractions. Our course helps dogs who already know basic cues, achieve the same results in situations involving more distance, duration and distractions.", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "Strengthens your dog’s behaviors to provide fast and consistent responses and helps enforce reliability and more complex behaviors. This class helps ensure reliability in a variety of situations like when you’re out and about—with fewer rewards. A graduation diploma is presented to all participants at the end of the class.", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "Learn fun and playful tricks with an Accredited Trainer. (For dogs 10 weeks & up with previous training.) This class teaches tricks through the use of a handheld clicker that helps with positive reinforcement.", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "In a setting with just you, your dog and an Accredited Trainer, we’ll teach new behaviors based on your dog’s unique needs. A great option for focusing on your dog’s individual needs. Also perfect for irregular schedules or dogs who need extra attention. Take as many classes as needed.", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "A one-on-one session for PetsHotel guests only. While your dog visits us at PetsHotel or Doggie Day Camp, our Accredited Trainers can help your dog master good manners and basic cues during a private session. We’ll take the hassle out of training, while your pet is in our care.", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "The perfect package for pets who have completed the Puppy Training and Beginner Training classes. Includes the Intermediate Class and Advanced Class. Our Accredited Dog Trainers will help build consistency and reinforce good behavior with added distractions. Includes the following 6-week classes:", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "Create the perfect course schedule for your pup! Choose two of the following 6-week classes: Puppy Class, Beginner Class or Intermediate Class. Our Accredited Dog Trainers will work with your pet to encourage and reinforce good behavior. Choose two of the following 6-week classes:", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "Create a schedule that’s tailored to your pet’s needs. Choose three of the following 6-week classes: Puppy Class, Beginner Class, Intermediate Class or Advanced Class. Our Accredited Dog Trainers will help with reinforcing good behavior and teaching new skills. Choose three of the following 6-week classes:", "Proof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all dogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any dog over 4 months old.", "Save 5% when you buy online and pickup in-store. Offer valid online only. Transaction total is prior to taxes & after discounts are applied. Offer valid on select merchandise when choosing In-Store Pickup. Savings will automatically reflect in the shopping cart with the purchase of qualifying merchandise. Maximum value $150. Offer not valid on gift cards, gift certificates, previous purchases, charitable donations, veterinary diet, RX medications or vaccines and may exclude all or select items from the following brands: Advantage®, API®, AquaClear®, Aqueon®, AvoDerm®, Blue Buffalo®, CatMouse, Cesar®, Comfort Zone®, Chuckit!®, Dog MDTM, Eukanuba®, Fluval®, FRONTLINE®, FURminator®, Greenies®, Grreat Choice®, High Tech Pet®, Hill’s® Ideal BalanceTM, IRIS, Hill’s® Science Diet®, Hill’s® Prescription Diet®, iFamCareTM, Jackson Galaxy, JW Pets, K9 advantix®, KAYTEE®, KONG®, Kurgo®, Majestic Pet, Marineland®, MidWest Homes for Pets, Muse®, Natural Balance®, NATURE'S RECIPE®, Nature’s Variety®, NaturVet®, Nulo, NutroTM, NutroTM Max®, NutroTM UltraTM, Old Mother Hubbard, OmegaTM One, Oxbow, Pedigree®, Pendleton, Pet Gear, Petmate, PetSafe®, Pioneer Pet, Precision Pet, PureBites®, Purina® Pro Plan®, Redbarn, Royal Canin®, Sentry®, Simple Solution, Solvit, Snoozer, Sunbeam®, Super Pet®, TemptationsTM, Tetra®, Thundershirt, Trixie Pet, Vittle Vault, Wellness®, World's Best Cat Litter, XPOWER, Zuke's®. Offer may not be combined with other promotional offers or discounts. Terms and conditions of this offer are subject to change at the sole discretion of PetSmart. Offer valid on PetSmart.com through August 27th, 2018 @ 6:30 am EST.", "Save $4 on select HALO® dry foods when using promotional code WHOLEMEAT at checkout. Offer valid on dry dog and cat food, 3-25lb bags purchased online at PetSmart.com. Maximum discount $12 per transaction. Transaction total is prior to taxes & after discounts are applied. Savings will reflect in shopping cart with the purchase of qualifying merchandise after the promotional code has been applied. Offer not valid on gift cards, gift certificates, previous purchases, and charitable donations. Offer may not be combined with other promotional offers or discounts. Terms and conditions of this offer are subject to change at the sole discretion of PetSmart. Offer valid through September 1, 2018 at 6:30am EST.", "5% Auto Ship - Sign up for Auto Ship and have products conveniently delivered to you at the frequency you choose! Save 5% on your initial order and 5% on recurring orders. Plus enjoy free shipping on orders over $49. Discounts will automatically apply at checkout once the customer has enrolled. Maximum value $150. Offer not valid on gift cards, gift certificates, previous purchases, or charitable donations and may not be valid on all merchandise. Offer may not be combined with other promotional offers or discounts. Terms and conditions of this offer are subject to change at the sole discretion of PetSmart.", "Free Standard Shipping on orders over $49 - Transaction total is prior to taxes & after discounts are applied. Due to size and/or weight, certain items bear a shipping surcharge or special handling fee, which will still apply. Savings will automatically reflect in shopping cart with the purchase of qualifying merchandise. Maximum value $75. Valid only on orders shipped within the contiguous 48 U.S. states & to military APO/FPO addresses. Offer not valid on products in the following categories: live pets; canned, fresh or frozen foods; select cat litters. Offer may not be combined with other promotional offers or discounts. Terms & conditions of this offer are subject to change at the sole discretion of PetSmart. Offer valid on petsmart.com through August 27th 2018 @ 6:30 am EST." ] }, "parsed_md": "Dog Training: Puppy and Adult Dog Training Classes | PetSmart\n\ngift card\n\n|\n\nlocal ad\n\n|\n\ntrack your order\n\nPetSmart\n\nfast, free shipping on orders over $49 >\n\nTime to start shopping!\n\n * shop by brand\n\n * a\n * b\n * c\n * d\n * e\n * f\n * g\n * h\n * i\n * j\n * k\n * l\n * m\n * n\n * o\n * p\n * r\n * s\n * t\n * u\n * v\n * w\n * x\n * y\n * z\n * #\n\n * A&E\n * AA Aquarium\n * Activyl\n * Acurel\n * Adams\n * ADAPTIL\n * Advance Aqua Tanks\n * Advantage\n * Advantek\n * Advantus\n * All Four Paws\n * All Glass\n * All Living Things\n * Alpo\n * American's Choice\n * Andis\n * Angels' Eyes\n * Ani Mate\n * API\n * Applaws\n * Aqua Clear\n * AquaTop\n * Aqueon\n * Arctic Mice\n * Arm & Hammer\n * Armarkat\n * As Seen on TV\n * Aspen Pet\n * Authority\n * AvoDerm\n * Awesome Possum\n\n * Bags on Board\n * BARK beauty\n * Barkworthies\n * Baskerville\n * Bayer\n * Bayer 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Through\npositive reinforcement, your dog will be successful in the real world (not\njust the classroom).\n\n#### sign up for classes now!\n\nView training schedules & register for classes at your PetSmart store with our\nmobile app.\n\n# dog training classes\n\nChoose a training class based on age, skill level & the developmental needs of\nyour dog.\n\nfind a store\n\n * INDIVIDUAL CLASSES\n * BUNDLED PACKAGES\n * special offers\n\n#### INDIVIDUAL CLASS\n\n## therapy dog training\n\nDesigned to help pet parents and their pets learn and practice skills needed\nto take a Therapy Dog Evaluation. 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We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### INDIVIDUAL CLASS\n\n## puppy training\n\nA great introductory class that teaches simple cues like sit, come and stay.\n(For puppies 10 weeks to 5 months old.)\n\nread more less\n\nONLY\n\n$119\n\n## 6-week class teaches:\n\n * Simple cues like sit, come & stay\n * Basic manners\n * Socialization with people & other dogs\n * Loose-leash walking\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### INDIVIDUAL CLASS\n\n## beginner training\n\nFor dogs with no previous training, this class helps strengthen basic manners\nthrough impulse-control exercises. (For dogs 5 months old & up.) Give pets a\nsolid foundation of basic behaviors. Untrained adolescent and adult dogs can\nbecome easily distracted by their environment, which is why this class focuses\non important impulse-control exercises.\n\nread more less\n\nONLY\n\n$119\n\n## 6-week class teaches:\n\n * Simple cues like leave it & drop it\n * Basic house manners\n * Problem solving\n * Loose-leash walking\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### INDIVIDUAL CLASS\n\n## intermediate training\n\nThe perfect class for dogs who already know basic cues but need to practice\nbehaviors with added distractions. Our course helps dogs who already know\nbasic cues, achieve the same results in situations involving more distance,\nduration and distractions.\n\nread more less\n\nONLY\n\n$119\n\n## 6-week class includes:\n\n * Review learned behaviors\n * Practice behaviors with added distractions\n * Learn heel, wait, go to bed & more\n * Gain reliability\n * Prerequisite: Puppy Training, Beginner Training or comparable skill level\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### INDIVIDUAL CLASS\n\n## advanced training\n\nStrengthens your dog’s behaviors to provide fast and consistent responses and\nhelps enforce reliability and more complex behaviors. This class helps ensure\nreliability in a variety of situations like when you’re out and about—with\nfewer rewards. A graduation diploma is presented to all participants at the\nend of the class.\n\nread more less\n\nONLY\n\n$119\n\n## 6-week class includes:\n\n * Master advanced behaviors & tricks\n * Work on supervised separation\n * Play specialized games to build reliability\n * Practice behaviors like advanced heel with increased distractions\n * Prerequisite: Intermediate Training or comparable skill level\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### INDIVIDUAL CLASS\n\n## trick training\n\nLearn fun and playful tricks with an Accredited Trainer. (For dogs 10 weeks &\nup with previous training.) This class teaches tricks through the use of a\nhandheld clicker that helps with positive reinforcement.\n\nread more less\n\nONLY\n\n$119\n\n## 6-week class includes:\n\n * Advanced cues like crawl, take a bow, high five & roll over\n * Encourages effective communication between pets & pet parents\n * Prerequisite: Puppy Training, Beginner Training or comparable skill level\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### INDIVIDUAL CLASS\n\n## private training\n\nIn a setting with just you, your dog and an Accredited Trainer, we’ll teach\nnew behaviors based on your dog’s unique needs. A great option for focusing on\nyour dog’s individual needs. Also perfect for irregular schedules or dogs who\nneed extra attention. Take as many classes as needed.\n\nread more less\n\nCALL FOR PRICING\n\n## class includes:\n\n * Flexible scheduling\n * Custom curriculum\n * Personalized attention\n\n## pricing:\n\n * 30 mins. $45\n * 1 hr. $89\n * 4 hrs. $219\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### INDIVIDUAL CLASS\n\n## personal training camp\n\nA one-on-one session for PetsHotel guests only. While your dog visits us at\nPetsHotel or Doggie Day Camp, our Accredited Trainers can help your dog master\ngood manners and basic cues during a private session. We’ll take the hassle\nout of training, while your pet is in our care.\n\nread more less\n\nCALL FOR PRICING\n\n## pricing:\n\n * 30-min. session: $35\n * (4 pack) 30-min. sessions: $120 (save $20!)\n * (8 pack) 30-min. sessions: $200 (save $80!)\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### BUNDLED PACKAGE\n\n## advanced training package\n\nThe perfect package for pets who have completed the Puppy Training and\nBeginner Training classes. Includes the Intermediate Class and Advanced Class.\nOur Accredited Dog Trainers will help build consistency and reinforce good\nbehavior with added distractions. Includes the following 6-week classes:\n\nread more less\n\nONLY\n\n$199\n\n## intermediate training:\n\n * Practice commands with added distractions\n * Gain reliability\n * Learn to heel, go to bed, wait at the door & more\n\n## advanced training:\n\n * Strengthen behaviors to provide consistent responses\n * Practice with increased distractions\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### BUNDLED PACKAGE\n\n## fundamental training package\n\nCreate the perfect course schedule for your pup! Choose two of the following\n6-week classes: Puppy Class, Beginner Class or Intermediate Class. Our\nAccredited Dog Trainers will work with your pet to encourage and reinforce\ngood behavior. Choose two of the following 6-week classes:\n\nread more less\n\nONLY\n\n$199\n\n## puppy training (10 weeks to 5 months old):\n\n * Practice basic manners\n * Learn simple cues like sit, come & stay\n * Socialize with other dogs\n\n## beginner training (5 months & older):\n\n * Learn simple cues like leave it & drop it\n * Practice loose-leash walking\n * Reinforce basic house manners\n\n## intermediate training:\n\n * Practice commands with added distractions\n * Gain reliability\n * Learn to heel, go to bed, wait at the door & more\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### BUNDLED PACKAGE\n\n## premium training package\n\nCreate a schedule that’s tailored to your pet’s needs. Choose three of the\nfollowing 6-week classes: Puppy Class, Beginner Class, Intermediate Class or\nAdvanced Class. Our Accredited Dog Trainers will help with reinforcing good\nbehavior and teaching new skills. Choose three of the following 6-week\nclasses:\n\nread more less\n\nONLY\n\n$299\n\n## puppy training (10 weeks to 5 months old):\n\n * Practice basic manners\n * Learn simple cues like sit, come & stay\n * Socialize with other dogs\n\n## beginner training (5 months & older):\n\n * Learn simple cues like leave it & drop it\n * Practice loose-leash walking\n * Reinforce basic house manners\n\n## intermediate training:\n\n * Practice commands with added distractions\n * Gain reliability\n * Learn to heel, go to bed, wait at the door & more\n\n## advanced training:\n\n * Strengthen behaviors to provide consistent responses\n * Practice with increased distractions\n\nfind a store\n\nProof of current parvovirus, distemper & parainfluenza vaccinations for all\ndogs is required. We also require proof of current rabies vaccination for any\ndog over 4 months old.\n\n#### TRAINING\n\n## SAVE $15 on Puppy or Beginning Training Class\n\nStart your pup off on the right paw with one of these great introductory\ntraining classes!\n\nread more less\n\nSAVE\n\n$15\n\n## Puppy training (for puppies 10 weeks to 5 months old):\n\n * Simple cues like sit, come & stay\n * Basic manners\n * Socialization with people & other dogs\n * Loose-leash walking\n\n## Beginner training (for dogs 5 months & up):\n\n * Simple cues like leave it & drop it\n * Basic house manners\n * Problem solving\n * Loose-leash walking\n\nfind a class\n\nPet age, health & vaccination requirements apply. Coupon redeemed at time of\npurchase in store. See associate for coupon.\n\n1 of 2\n\n## Indoor Activities To Do With Your Dog\n\nKeep your dog busy.\n\nread more\n\n2 of 2\n\n## Teach Your Dog to “Come” When You Call\n\nLink a “call” to a “reward.”\n\nlearn how\n\n## Satisfaction Guaranteed\n\n * If you’re not 100% satisfied, we’ll work to make it right—even retaking the class for free!\n\n8,182,756 lives saved.\n\nContact Our Experts\n\nCall 1 888 839 9638 Email Email Us\n\nPet Services Careers Help Center\n\nAbout PetSmart Charities US Site Canada Site\n\nConnect With Us\n\nCopyright © 2018 PetSmart Inc.\n\nRecalls | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy\n\nSign Up for Emails Receive our latest news and offers!\n\nSave 5% when you buy online and pickup in-store. Offer valid online only.\nTransaction total is prior to taxes & after discounts are applied. Offer valid\non select merchandise when choosing In-Store Pickup. Savings will\nautomatically reflect in the shopping cart with the purchase of qualifying\nmerchandise. 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Due to size and/or weight, certain items\nbear a shipping surcharge or special handling fee, which will still apply.\nSavings will automatically reflect in shopping cart with the purchase of\nqualifying merchandise. Maximum value $75. Valid only on orders shipped within\nthe contiguous 48 U.S. states & to military APO/FPO addresses. Offer not valid\non products in the following categories: live pets; canned, fresh or frozen\nfoods; select cat litters. Offer may not be combined with other promotional\noffers or discounts. Terms & conditions of this offer are subject to change at\nthe sole discretion of PetSmart. Offer valid on petsmart.com through August\n27th 2018 @ 6:30 am EST.\n\n©2018 PetSmart Home Office, Inc. All Rights Reserved. By using this Website,\nyou agree to our Conditions of Use, Legal Notices, Privacy Policy, Interest\nBased Ads, and California Supply Chains Act.\n\n### oops! something went wrong\n\n#### We are facing some technical issues. Please try again later.\n\n" } ]
1,337,247
How To Cope With Anger
To cope with your anger, start by acknowledging that your anger is a problem and identifying when it’s getting out of control. Learn to recognize the physical and emotional signs of anger, such as increased blood pressure, teeth grinding, or feeling irritated, anxious or like you want to lash out verbally or physically. Then, practice deliberately delaying your reactions to situations that make you angry by counting to 10 before you react. If you can, remove yourself from environments that tend to make you feel more tense. For example, if you feel yourself getting angry in a stressful, crowded store, step outside to calm down for a bit.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506001701/http://www.apa.org/topics/anger/control.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170108155311/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/anger-management/basics/how-you-prepare/prc-20014603", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160902222326/https://www.mentalhelp.net/articles/recognizing-anger-signs/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200414134845/https://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-By-the-Numbers", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507010112/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/01/eight-weeks-to-a-better-brain/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170522050000/https://www.helpguide.org/articles/emotional-health/anger-management.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150912110645/http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,4612,7-132-2943_52115-203750--,00.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210503154735/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/anger-management/art-20048149" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.apa.org/topics/anger/control.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506001701/http://www.apa.org/topics/anger/control.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/anger-management/basics/how-you-prepare/prc-20014603", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170108155311/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/anger-management/basics/how-you-prepare/prc-20014603", "parsed_text": { "title": "Anger management How you prepare", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Anger management How you prepare - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mentalhelp.net/articles/recognizing-anger-signs/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160902222326/https://www.mentalhelp.net/articles/recognizing-anger-signs/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Recognizing Anger Signs", "passages": [ "Before you learn the techniques to manage your emotions, you first need to learn to recognize your anger. You need answers to questions like:", "Answering these questions takes a while. It is likely you can rattle off several things that make you angry. You might even be able to identify several signs that you exhibit when you are angry (e.g., clenched fists, etc.). These quick answers are only the beginning, however; the low hanging fruit. You will want to continually ask yourself these questions for a period of time before you can be satisfied that you are fully knowledgeable about your personal anger.", "The first step in effective anger management is to learn how to recognize when you are angry. Some angry people see their emotions as a black or white state—they are either raging mad or they are calm. In reality, anger is not black and white, but rather quite gray. Anger occurs on a continuum between rage and calm where most of the time people experience some gradation of anger between these two extremes.", "The same people who tend to see anger in terms of extremes sometimes have difficulty recognizing when they are experiencing intermediate anger states. Luckily, most people experience a number of physical, emotional and behavioral cues that they can use to let them know when they are becoming upset.", "I think i am a very angry person. I experience a lot of the signs of anger and think i need to get help but i am embaressed!!", "I think that bravery needs to be commended. The ground breakers who come forward and share their own pain and embarrassment probably don't realize the positive effect they have on other people who are suffering in silence. I'm one of those people. I think that I'm getting to be old hat at admitting my shortcomings too. I am so glad for the role models I have had in my life. People have a tendency to think that role models are those people who climb Mt. Everest or who slay a dragon. But for me and many like me role models are those people who have been brave, stepped up and made themselves vulnerable and the ripple effect of that bravery is that it resonates with others and they are able to also come forward and share their story or take whatever steps are necessary to recovery. Bravo.", "i think i have anger management all i ever feel is anger and frustration by anything anyone does even if its the tinyest things like burning my toast or about the tv. my palms start to sweat and alli want to do is punch somthing or throw somthing i normal clecnh my fists or hold on to somthing really tightly. if anyone trys to talk tome i jut sceam and shout and in there faces and i some times cry, my voice always gets loudr and more angryer, even if there being nice. my parents just thin is my age and the hormones as im 16 but i just cant cope im getting annoyed so easiy", "Why the hell do i feel this way? everytime i talk to my husband i get so angry. i cant bear to listen to him anymore. today i told him to go f*ck himself and i meant it. i've already been to jail for simple battery. i jsut wanna know what the hell do i do to make these feelings go away. i have a one year old little girl and she does not deserve to go through this.", "I'm so angry at these bots at L2 because they don't care about my feelings. I'm so gay... Can you give me hugs or something?", "i think i have a really bad anger issue and it just costed me my girlfriend to break up with me because when we argrue i get so pissed i start to shake and i just yell and i always punch things i want help so bad but i dont know where to go to get it. i just want it to go away", "I am known as the 'crazy bitch' to some people, others a very kind, lighthearted younglady. I have a history of anger problems in my family, and severe mental illnesses. Schizophrenia is apparently present in a bit of my family. For instance, I have attacked people with knives while drinking, and attempted to destroy people - I'm also known as the hippie girl. I am so bipolar, i don't know what to do with myself... I have such horrible rage that I feel I must smoke pot just to calm my nerves and slow my heart b4 I do something stupid. For instance, just tonight - Someone stole money from me....So I went on a crazy chase across town to threaten them, they told me where I could find my money, after that They were being rude to me ( unappreciated ) - So i went to my boyfriends vehicle (his friend) and stole their beer. (the boy is underage, so he got quite pist) - ne waysl....I threw it out somewhere and another high speed chase began down the back roads, and when I backed up over a huge stopper for parking, my boyfriends began to punch at my vehicle, and i hauled ass away, his brother went to jail for that shit...so he realized his feelings were getting in the way and stopped. I was yelling at my best friend ( the girl i was with) - sweetest thing can't even talk back....I found out she told them all where the beer was...and I went fucking ballistic...- i yanked her door open and told her just what a fucking piece of shit bitch she was, and how she had lost the only girlfriend she had...and only dumb cunts who don't know how to live a life betray real friends....I also shoved her across the street because i thought she stole my joint (she didn't) - My boyfriend had to contain me in a strong hold, this made me start shaking and crying, b/c i was defensless and i couldnt fight...I also kicked him several times, even once in the balls....he somehow handled me....and i was banished from his friends house.....He got drunk, and pretty much said we couldn't be together, he jus cannot deal with it ne more (we've been dating 2 years) - The night b4 i told him he was a fuck up piece of shit, and he didn't deserve me....I also raced away from my house, screaming at my parents that i was going to go shoot up heroin and blh blah,,,,fuck off, yada yada......(i felt as tho they were accusing me of drug use) - Then I almost hit my dad when he ran in front of me to stop me....He has insane anger, and just cannot stop once it starts, and i do too.....I start shaking and my brain like shuts off,,,,it all gets blury, and i just don't fucking care about ne thing....I think I destroyed 2 relationships tonight, just bc i was full of rage and vengance over nothing.......i'n only 18, and i am a sweet girl usually.....I always tell people to be nice, and i am so kind to everyone, until i feel you've crossed me, then i loose it....It's like i let it build and have fits of rage every few months....My friend says i'm lucky i'm not in jail right now....? what should i do?", "I've already calmed down a bit while reading it, because it helped me understand what is happening to me with anger outbursts. I have a lot of anger outbursts and i hate it as i hate myself too. Some times I want to break everything up with a baseball bat. Other times I'm biting my hands or punching my thighs, pulling my hair or wanting to slam my head on the wall, or punch myself in the face. It's a terrible, horrific situation. I totally hate it. I feel so sorry for my poor wife that has to endure me. Also I see that me 2 year old daughter is starting to yell and looks very angry some times. Am I doing this to her? Probably. My mother used to be very angry and had outbursts. I'm seeing myself doing the same things she did. I don't want my kids to become like me. But i'm motivated now and will take action, today!", "I salute all of you who have bravely shared insights and experiences regarding this \"dark side\" of human nature. We all manifest varing degrees of anger. Clearly, some have it far worse than others. My former boyfriend is one such person. He's a brilliant, handsome and passionate man. And, in his deepest heart, he is a truly good person. But, he is also a \"stick of dynamite\" with a fuse could go off at any given moment. It was a constant struggle being in his company as his outbursts were both frightening and embarassing. My quiet, passive nature along with my patience and loving support, couldn't offset his reactions or, I should say, his \"over-reactions.\" And, upon reflection, he had warned me early in our relationship \"... dump me before you hate me...\" I never fully grasped his meaning until now. So, those of you who care to sustain and maintain your relationships... your deeply meaningful and necessary human contacts... get help! My boyfriend won't... \"I like myself,\" he says. But, he is now, alone... with his \"dark side\" while, I am free and into the light.", "My husband work all day and night. I have over my shoulders the house and the kids. He doesn't help in anything at all. So, I have become anger and anger over the last year. I have been aggressive with my husband physically. I want to get help but my husband doesn't give the support that I need. He keeps saying that my problem is that I can handle two kids. He doesn't understand that the problem is that my angry is affective everybody in the household and WE have a couple WE need professional help.", "Okay - so I'm a 27 year old woman....I have worked in a large company for 3 years before just recently getting laid off. I have an anger problem....but on a regular day, I'm a very easy-going, happy person that is independent, strong-willed and fairly positive. I love helping people with their own problems and seem very good at it...but can't seem to help myself. My anger is only present in front of those i feel very comfortable with. Perhaps this is why I have been able to lead a normal life. Most of it stems from arguments with my brother. He is 2 years younger than me and because he is a male, he's always had special treatment from my parents and I've grown to resent him for it. I actually feel a lot of pain and frustration when I am angry....probably far more than the people enduring it. He calls me crazy every time we have any sort of disagreement and this escalates my rage when initially it may not have been as present....he seems to know this triggers my outbursts, but seems to want me to get upset. When i get upset, it makes him look better in front of my parents and any other people that may be present. I often wonder what type of brother would do such a thing to his older sister that obviously could use some help....maybe not from him since he seems to be one of the triggers, but from somewhere,....and if ur making fun of someone that desperately needs help, how good of a person can you be really? Anyway - all I want to do is get better....it's for my own good, my own health, my own sanity....and I just don't know what to do. I am at a loss because I know I am better than this....frustrated beyong belief....I feel like one of these days I am just going to stop trying to better myself and jus accept the \"dark side\" of myself....embrace it and learn to live with it....alone of course cause no one needs to deal with this other than me...cry", "hey. I'm in 9th grade, i'm, pretty sure i have anger issues... but i can't control them... i dont take things out on other people, that's something i would never do, that's not right... but today i got highlighter wrote on me and i got really mad and threw the marker at the guy that threw it at me and slapped him in the face... then this girl that was having problems with her boyfriend... or whatever was taking her anger out on me, and im like, \"you need to relax!!\" and she's like, \"if you dont know whats going on then dont say crap!\" im like, \"you take your problems out on everyone else and you expect them to be all happy with you!!!!!\" and shes like, (out of no where) \"i'm not the one obsessing over someone that has a girlfriend!!!!\" cuz i like this guy... and im like, \"WHERE DOES THAT EVEN COME FROM!?!?!?!\" and i thought i was gonna hit her... but idk what to do with myself anymore... i've tried walking out... handleing it that way.. and it works... but i think i need to take classes... my dad has anger issues too... so it could come from him... and i clench things when im mad... so like i ripped my notebook... :| and idk... what to do...", "know i have anger issues and it comes from my parents death and people lying to me alll the time i am so sick of being angry its really starting to get to me i just wish i could go to sleep and not wake up and i dont want to feel that way its so hard when it seems like NO ONE int he world understands you i have been to counseling before it didnt help at all im still upset and its starting to effect my health the way i think im really scared im going to do something i will regret for the rest of my life but i am so sick of people!", "I am in 8th Grade, almost out of school for summer, and there are people who will do the dumbest things, or say something or do something to me or a friend/boyfriend and I will be triggered right there, I will clench my teeth, my face turns red from what my friends and parents say,I clench my fists, I get random heat flashes on my face and neck and under arms,I've been having a sweating problem, I might starting crying, I will want to scream or slap them, and I am thinking in my head to do something, slap him, or scream at them even though I am in class, I get triggered sooo easily, and my friend Maggie noticed when I get irritated, I stomp my feet, and have a small panic attack. I read this article and I relate to all of those identifications, does this mean I do have Anger problems, if I do, how do I stop it, I don't want to hurt anyone, but I just flip out and go on a rampage sometimes....Help!", "okaay, so april has been a pretty crappy month for me.and YOU WANNA KNOW WHY?! well there's this girl, who claims we're \" BEST FRIENDS \" ughh. NO. so my ex. bf asked her to grad. she told me she was 'takeing my feelings into consideration\" then why the f*ck would you say yes? I'll continuen this later. bye !", "i'm 8th month pregnant and emotinally unstable.i'm living at my parents house now just for delivery.the problem is they let my 9 year old niece to stay in our house,which i hated most.honestly,i hate her.i don't have the power to appreciate her.i don't want her to stay in our house.i gets irretated because every people in our house except my youngest brother don't even understand my situation.I'm so stressed living with someone you don't like.this is my first baby and thier first grandchild.they just ignore my feeling instead,they consider that bundle of miseries feelings rather than mine.they don't even bothered if it affects me or my baby.", "right now i'm sitting in my room having hardtimes,i have a backpain and my tummy really hurts.i just want her to disapper and be vanished.i want her to go to thier own house with her family.i don't want her to stay with us and be a burden for me.i'm so sorry i can't take her anymore!!!i need someone to rescue me.....", "I’m 21, and am 1 of 4 siblings in my family.. My parents got divorced 11 years ago and ever since I could remember, my dad has had an anger problem.. He runs a national business, he’s very hyperactive, and loves to help people especially financially.. If you met my dad, he appears to be very nice and fun to go out with but you can’t let him fool you. He would love to get a chance to help you in any way shape or form to “show off” it seems.. what he’s really doing is kind of setting a trap almost.. He has taken everyone in his personal life and bribed them with money and a job making it sound like the perfect lifestyle having lots of vacations and ect: but the thing is that he uses it against people in the future, he feels that we don’t give him what he deserves in return.. therefore he gets angry.. very angry.. it’s not just that, that makes him mad but its everything. He’s like a perfectionist and if something is not done his way, he blows up once he blows up, he screams so loud, cursing, accusing, making fun of people, threatens our jobs... he’s the most controlling person I know.. if we mention anything about him getting mad or about how he needs to deal with stress differently,, it gets worse.. Nobody wants to try and help him because, we all work for him.. My brother who is almost 20 just got out of the hospital of 5 days suffering from depression and anxiety which I believe was caused by my dad from getting yelled at all his life for everything.. Since then, my dad still yells at him and makes fun of him for his anxiety, him being a loser, not helping my dad in certain things which is the worst thing to do to someone that is suffering from depression and anxiety.. especially to your son. He’s the scariest person on the planet.. I start shaking every time he starts to call me on the phone or is on his way in to work..I think it’s a mix of like bi polar disorder, anger management, anxiety.. My grandpa suffered from depression and was a very angry man in his younger years as well.. Somebody please help me and tell me what to do.. how to approach him with help.. He’s killing all of us slowly especially himself.. He’s been the main reason why are family is growing further away from each other.. Please let me know what I have to do.. I’m begging.", "I had an angry father and mother. My dad was an alcholic and through many years of therapy and reading I was finally able to let go of reacting to this anger. One thing i have learned is that when people are angry all the time it is their own life they are angry with. Their own decisions and what they consider failures, injustices and abuse or learned behavior. You will have to figure out which one it is. If your father was raised with an angry man, chances are it is the only language he speaks. When the only tool you have is a sledgehammer - then everything looks like a nail. What you need to realize is that you do not have to put up with this anger. You have a right to say you do not want to be treated that way. You will not put up with it. You deserve respect. There are many very good books to read on this subject and if you crack one open might find it is the best help you could ever find to help you understand the problem and the best way to deal with it. You could hold a family intervention and confront these issues in a healthy way. It is possible to be nice and honest with him, but firm and assertive. You can tell him you are doing this because you love him, its bad for his health, and you desire a better relationship with him. He may be aware of this and does not know how to stop. But tough, is is an adult and we are responsible for our own bad behavior. There are many consequences that you can point out, from not liking to be around him, to losing his family, to health matters. It will be important to stay calm and tell him how it makes you feel. I find that angry people feel so victimized themselves that when they face the truth and break down by being confronted - they cry and the flood gates open up. Maybe you could ask him why is so angry - is he unhappy with his life - and why? He may be such a bully that he feels his feelings (if he admits having them) are never validated or understood. it coudl start the opening up process. Good luck. Grab a book, you will feel empowered and will be able to respond in ways that throw him off guard. He may not show you his anger as much after you learn some new responses. You may mention that there are so many emotions to express and he does not always have to use anger. This may be french to him, but identifying with his own feelings is the beginning. Also - it is not your responsibility to fix him, but you can learn to stop him from treating you badly. There are tools that will help in books. I promise you will feel better and have much more understanding and maybe even empathy for him. But do nto put up with it.", "ok i have anger problems and i know i do like if i get angry at a teacher i will keep it in and sometime tht week r 2 or 3 weeks i will go off on her cussing her and going crazy and like 3 of mi teachers has asked me if i am in anger manegment but mi parents or my counseler dont be lieve me i dont kno wut to do", "I am 21 years old living in southern illinois. Ever since i can remember, i have always bottled up my anger and emotions until the point where any little thing can trigger a massive melt down. I have noticed myself over the years becoming more mentally unstable.", "Most of the time i feel angry when i am at home where i have time to sit down and relfect on what events of that day has made me angry. it seems that the more i think about it the more and more emotionally unstable i get. i get so mad that just want to break some things. i relese my rage in a mannor that my parents tell me isnt normal. i cannot think i cannot eat all i think about is what was the source that has made me so angry.", "i keep telling myself that maybe i can help myself by moving away from here to somewhere where no one knows who i am. somewhere where i can be in peace with myself. i feel that the path i am on will ultimately end up destroying my self from the inside out.", "I have anger management issues i believe stem from Anxiety. I am currently taking classes at ASU, which causes alot of stress. I'm a 3rd year nursing student. I have been having panic attacks for as long as i can remember and i have phobias...I'm scared of the dark and silence..i don't like being in a room thats to dark or quiet. I recently went on a trip with friends to Cali which resulted in me yelling at a close friend of mine. we got into a verbal fight and are no longer friends.", "i get in fights all the time because people make me mad im always getting written up. I almost sent my older brother to er last night", "You need to learn how to control your anger this is pitiful. You will be the next Micheal Myers if you continue with this behavior..", "SHAME ON YOU NURSING STUDENT! THOUGHT NURSING WERE MORE CALM? ANYWAY, I SHARE SOME OF THE SAME ANXIETIES: CANNOT STAND TO BE IN A DARK QUIET ROOM OR BY MYSELF FOR THAT MATTER. I AM A CAREER SOLDIER IN THE ARMY AND THIS IS MY SECOND TIME TAKING AN ANGER MANAGEMENT COURSE. THE FIRST TIME I TOOK THE COURSE I ONLY LASTED A TWO SESSION. I THOUGHT IT WAS REALLY SILLY. I THINK I STILL DO ESPECIALLY WHEN IT COMES TO HAVING TO DO A DIARY. ANYWHO, WHAT RECENTLY PROMPTED ME TO RE-ENROLL IS LAST WEEK I PUNCHED A REALLY GOOD FRIEND OF MINE IN THE NOSE AND BLOOD WENT EVERYWHERE. I DIDNT EVEN KNOW I WAS THAT UPSET AND I DONT REMEMBER HITTING HER. I SAW RED AND THE NEXT THING I REMEMBER IS BEING IN SECURITY HANDS AND THE CASINO WE WERE AT, ASKING ME TO WRITE A STATEMENT. ALSO, LAST NIGHT I HAD A ROOM MATE THAT KEPT ME UP UNTIL ALMOST THREE IN THE MORNING BECAUSE HE WAS DRUNK AND BEING EXTREMELY LOUD AND I HAD SEVERAL THOUGHTS OF TAKING ONE OF HIS EMPTY BOTTLES AND HITTING HIM OVER THE HEAD WITH IT. GLAD I TALKED MYSELF OUT OF THAT ONE, I MIGHT HAVE FOUND MYSELF IN THE BRIG! WISH ME LUCK THIS TIME...", "i get mad when people do bad things, when i get beat at a game with my little brother, when i get mad i start yelling, throwing things, curseing, its like i want to shoot someone, or sometimes when i get mad i dont go out rage i get depressed, it outta control, i dont know if i have anger problems or not.", "MY BOYFRIEND....GETS VERY ANGRY EASILY...AND REALLY OVER NOTHING....I DON'T KNOW HOW TO RESPOND TO THE QUESTIONS HE ASKS...AFRAID THEY WON'T BE RIGHT ANSWER HE WANTS TO HERE....OR WHEN I'M UP LOOKING FOR SOMETHING...HE WANTS TO KNOW WHAT I'M DOING....IT'S LIKE I DON'T FEEL COMFORTABLE IN MY OWN HOME.....HELP", "I've been with my boyfriend for 8 months now, but we have been fighting so much lately! If i want to go out with my friends, he asks many questions and gets mad when i want some girl time. When we first started dating, he was the sweetest guy i had ever met now he gets really upset over nothing... When he gets mad, he will punch himself countless times in the face, and scream and yell in my face as if i can't hear him! He also grabs my wrists pretty hard, but he doesn't realize his own strength. He will even cry over things that aren't a big deal at all. Sometimes it feels like he's my dad, because he tries to boss me around and tell me what i can and can't do. I hate it, but i feel like i have to lie to him just to hangout with my friends... I believe that relationships need honesty, but he makes it hard to be honest about what i do... I want to be with him forever, but if his anger continues, i just don't think i can handle it. We got into a big arguement over the phone the other day, and i told him that if he can't change that we cannot be together. Then, he txt me about 5 minutes later and told me that he was going to kill himself because he can't live without me and he feels like no one wants him around. When he told me that i got scared and called him. Obviously were still together, but i just don't know what to do anymore. I'm sick of the yelling, and him making me cry and feel like everything is my fault... I think he needs anger management...", "Im sooo angry!!!! I have always known i had an anger problem but i never thought it was that bad because i could control it. Well, im 21 and carried a child for 9 months just to lose her 45 minutes after she was born! It was expected...and i handled it really well for the first week or 2. But now ive got all these emotions and feelings and im just soooo angry because \"God\" took her from me. Being sooo angry now has brought out all of this anger from the past. Ive got to the point where i scare myself because i just wanna tear shit up!!! Literally I dont know what to do about it. Ive called a councilor but im not sure that will help. Just today i threw my tv across the room....and i just had a c section 3 weeks ago!!! Not a good idea... but i couldnt control it....i mean i was really ready to kill...(not really) but you know what i mean. Im not sure i know what to do about it or how to even go about fixing it. Im not sure anger management will help because i feel like i need to just get it out.....ya know....tear things up just to let it out....someone help me!! Im scared for my marraige....my well being....my life....i dont want to feel this pain anymore and im tired of being soooo damn mad all the time!!!! HELP!!! Im not crazy i swear!!!", "Sometimes I get so angry my eye starts to twitch and all i wanna do is destroy something.Lately Ive been super angry all the time. Everything erks me and makes me extremely angry its like i dont get mad a lil bit i get mad alot i b goin from 0 to 60 like that. Like the other day i hurt my finger on a door and I punched it while yelling F**K!! I dont know why i just be so angry all the time..all day everyday its takin a toll on me that i always feel alone. My daily emotions are Anger,sad,Lonely,Worthless, Lost. I ALWAYS WONDERED WHY I ALWAYS FEEL ALONE BUT I HATE PEOPLE. I RATHER BE ALONE IN THE DARK SOME WHERE.", "ive been locked up know for almost a year and at times my anger gets the best of me. especialy because i have a mom that is dying and i cant be back at home with her and you just wont believe how bad that it hurts me all the time . I try to do good to go home but U always manage to mess up and i just get so pissed off at myself that i end up causing more problems for myself", "i dont have any anger problems but when i come home i feel like my parents are alwaysss complaining about sometin and that nothin i do is right mostly my mom gets on my lasst nervs im starting to hate her shes got this little sceam planned out to break me and my bf up who ive been with for 2 years and whenever she starts i wanna break thngs and my chest hurts im soo sick of her! but its only her i cant have onee good day wthout being depressed or mad anymore..do i have a problem?", "I am very angery with the person i am today...i just got suspended for fighting at school over something so stupid!!!!!.....and now i gotta go to court and it sucks..this isnt the first time i had to go to court!!!!!nd i have so much stress on my shoulders that i dont know what i am going to do next!!!!! sometimes i feel lyk i wanna hang myself!!!!sum one help", "The relationship I am in started out online by chance therefore, it was long distance. For a year we visited eachother when we could and kept in touch, but then in January 2009 I moved out of my mother's house and halfway across the country to live with him. After living with him for 8 months I found out he had cheated on me the months before I moved. It has been 10 months since I found out and I still get very angry sometimes, although I don't get angry as often, I still have outbursts that are still intense. Is there a way I can view this differently that won't evoke so much anger, or tips to stay calm during arguments? Or, is it time to find someone else because my anger means I just can't forgive him? I always feel ashamed and guilty after my outbursts yet I felt I just had to get them out.", "I am only 11 but i seem to lose control of my temper. One little thing just sets me off. I start shouting and screaming at my parents, who don't deserve it at all, if anyone has any tips please post them.", "well im a veryy angry person i snap like hella quick im one of those type of persons that if you try to get attitude or talk shit about ill fu*** cut you i mean cuzz you out", "i get very angry specially at my bf we been together for 2 years and im agresive i used to punch him or stary shit for nothing becasue he whould get me so angry cause of other girls or even if he looked at someone else i even whould break his shit glasses windows and i once stabbed him in his arm but he whould hit me to but playing or say that i was a bit** and i whould snap his mom dont like me she says i make him mad and what the things i do i really want to change this anger issues is it anger management help i need to knoww help please!!!!!!!!!!", "Heya '', I am a 23 year old regular guy, recently I have been in a lot of fights ranging from road rage 2 even smaller matters like who finished the toilet roll, I have been doing kick-boxing from the age of 13 and it feels 2 calm me down 2 an extent, exercise helps clear my mind but I can't exactly do push-ups during an argument can I?! I recently been admitted out of hospital after a car accident,my anger was about 2 get tha better of me as I was gonna destroy the 42 year-old drunkard who wrecked my ride, when I realised my cure and solution- my girlfriend of 16 months is the only person in the history of my life who can calm me down, she actually wears the pants in our relationship. I have never felt sooo in love with somebody before, she knows this and she won't let my anger come into the picture, whenever I am on the verge of going wild, she orders me to sit or she will hold my hands together then make me say a short prayer. There were times when I angered her and she has beaten me up 2 the extent of a black eye and scratches but I never attack her, I will just feel like I cannot harm the most important person in my life. The point I am making is that I am always told exercise helps with anger and it does but it is never as effective as having somebody meaningful-who you consider before yourself and open your heart 2wards as well as trust. I came across this website looking for a way 2 improve myself for her as we have just got engaged on Saterday. I am SORRY if I have written alot- I am just trying 2 share my experience and hopefully learn from the other stories I have read. I wish you all well and be AWESOME, BY-BY", "look i struggle everyday everyone teases me im never happy im always angry having anxiety ataccks at home i mtry everyday and pray if god can help me", "i keep arguing with my mom and i wont shut up cuz i cant stop until she will listen to me or til i pist her off. not only tht but i like to make ppl tht i dnt like feel scared of me i love the rush of fighting but i dont want to do tht anymore and i dont want to argue with my mom anymore but i just cant control my anger wen im angry i hit stuff i throw things i cuss at everyone i just go crazy and want to just punch ppl or sumtimes think of killing them but i kno im not tht of a mean person...wat can i do", "HI I'M A 24YR MOM OF TWO AUSTIC LITTLE BOYS 2 AN 4 THEY ARE GREAT KIDS THEY AMAZE ME BUT EVERYTHING THEY DO FIGHT", "i'm a 16 yr old girl and i love my family so much, its just the littlist things they do just piss me off. then i yell and scream at them i just dont know what to do, and i say stuff to them that hurts them and i dont mean to its just i get so angry!! i think i may need some help, i think it's because my dad died a while back and ever since then i've become depressed/angry :( and i dont wanna be like that anymore", "With grief comes anger sometimes. You might feel mad at your dad, then feel guilty about being angry. Or you might get mad at God/ the universe, etc. Or the doctors... It's part of grief. And it's ok to be mad right now. It's ok if you're mad at your dad. It doesn't mean you love him less.", "It might help if you can get involved in a grief support group for teens. Ask at your school. Hospice also often runs various groups.", "HI I'm a 15 year old an as i was reading many of you are young to have to pass through what your going through. i which you could please read these whole comment before you guys decide not to. i have lived a very ruff life myself my father was a drunk and drug attic he would always fight with my mother and my mother ended up getting help for domestic violence. now my father turned to god and everything is much better. it took 2 years of prayer and fasting from my mother and others so my dad could finally become a christian, but it was worth it! i know this isn't about me, but about you. many of you maybe are against christianity or may not even believe in god. i ask of you to please give it a chance even if it's the last thing you would choose to do. please try it.", "anybody please give it a try, what do you have to lose. maybe it helps you maybe you'll discover that you actually like christianity. even if you don't become a christian just try a prayer once in a while you wont lose nothing for just giving it chance!", "i know i have written a lot thanks for actually reading all the way and hopefully you can see that maybe there is a small chance that god will change your life for the best!", "give me an email i would love to listen to all you problems. i know god will give me the wisdom to help you.", "im 17, i have bad anger issues im always fightin with my brother and family..i dont know how to help myself", "Should i see a doctor if I am having trouble controling myself when I get angery? Just last night I beat up my family friend because he was watching pornogrophy in my house. I have been punching windows and hurting myself and others. I have been praying and reading the bible about anger and I know that I shouldn't lash out at people but, when I am provoked to anger It feels like I have been bottling up my anger then when that person says one thing wrong BOOM i hit them then I go to jail. Sometimes I vision myself actually killing them and imagining which punches I should throw or even how I could dhot them or something crazy. I can't remember what made me snap last night but, I was yelling so loud and I even said i was the devil. please help me", "Dr. Dombeck's Note: It certainly does seem that your reactions are excessive and self-destructive (if you are being jailed and/or punching walls). Seeing a Doctor is a reasonable idea if you suspect there may be some medical problem underlying your anger, or if you are seeking some kind of medical treatment for your mood problems. A doctor may be in a position to prescribe something that may help. A more direct and to the point thing you can also look into is signing yourself up for an anger management course or group in your area. Such classes or therapy groups (depending on how they are run) teach you methods for keeping your anger under better control.", "somtimes i get so mad when people tell me what to do i was dating a 23 year old women and i fell in love with her and i got locked up and committed to the state and i was so mad because i wonted to spit in my judge face when he told me that i was committed because i wont get to see my grilfriend anymore and im going to miss her", "I'm a pretty young mother 26, my 6year old son means the world to me. I would never want to harm him in any way. I just can't seem to control my anger.", "I feel the need to grab a couple of drink before I get home. I'm can't stop yelling at everyone around me at home over the stupidest things. I feel the need to bunch something so bad whenI'm this upset. I don't listen to anyone when I'm this upset. It's almost like I'd rather be anywhere else except home. My son doesn't even want to be around me anymore, much less sleep on the same bed. I wish I understood Why I'm so mad at the everyone almost all the time, and anything could set me off", "I started dating someone a couple of months ago. We are both about 30 years old. After a couple of weeks he had an angry outburst after drinking liquor. He was screaming and got in my face and I seriously thought he was going to hurt me. I ran outside and told him that I would call the police if he hurt me. We talked the next day and he said he shouldn't drink liquor. I found out later he has had at least 4 DUI's. I feel like I should have walked away at that time but didn't b/c I felt badly for him, but I also know that he is responsible for his situation. He can not drive for 2 years, at least. It turns out that he got into an altercation with an officer at his last DUI arrest and was beaten by the police and in the hospital for three days.", "Today he blew up at me for reasons that don't make sense. He said that I have too much stuff and he started a fire for me to burn my things. We had talked about having a bonfire so that I could burn some old mail, etc. However, he started a fire without letting me know that is what he wanted to do this afternoon and when I acted surprised after the fire was going b/c I was in a different mindset about what I wanted to do this afternoon he got mad...he said I was ungrateful b/c he built a fire for me. I tried to explain that he failed to communicate with me and ask if that is what I wanted to do. He got so angry he kicked my boxes of things, including important paperwork, all over the yard while yelling at me. He tore the hat off my head and ripped it. I am so afraid that next time he will hit me or worse. I quickly packed up my car , afraid the entire time that he would hurt me. I left without saying good bye. He left me a message on my phone saying that he was the man and I was the woman and I needed to learn my f-ing place, etc. I know just writing this that I can't go back to him. He was so sweet most of the time, but if he is acting this way so early in a relationship it won't get any better. I have never dated anyone who acts this way and although I like him a lot and we actually get along well most of the time, the rest of the time these angry outbursts are enough to chase me away...along with the DUI's and all that surrounds that. Thanks for letting me vent, it is very theraputic.", "Me and my girlfriend have been dating for 4 years .. we have alot of disputes which in terms she says i have anger issues . ive been tryin 2 full fill her needs as in cooking for her and helping her clean and have been trying my hardest. we get into disputes and she takes the smallest comments out of context instead of letting me explain fully she would rather cut me off and say she agrees 2 disagree she also takes everything as if its a personal attack when really im stating my opinion . this fustrates me and i tend 2 raise my voice and speak with bass in my voice after that its hard for me 2 come down i neva resort 2 violence i i try 2 walk away at times becuase my point or words becomes meaningless 4 the simple fact that she chooses not 2 listen . i at times feel like she wants the man role in our relationship . there are other times that ill do one thing wrong and not the way she wants it 2 be like 4 example i was cooking her breakfast and she wanted coffee but i hadnt brewed it but i was already cooking so i asked her if she can just brew it she instantly put a face on started mumbling under her breathe and basically aggressivley made the coffee meaning she was slamming the pot into the coffee maker and being very ruff showing her anger this sent me into imeddiate aggrevation . i go 2 confront her and yes i did come out angrily but i did not attack her i just asked her why she acted so upset and she turned around and insisted that she didnt have an attitude that i was over reacting honestly i have no idea wat 2 do she is the only person that gets me this way and i kno i dont have anger management issues becuz i am not passive aggressive and havent been in a physical fight since i was 13 i need help dealing with this and need help on wat i should do or how i should handle this .. it doesnt help cuz i am madly in llove with her", "I'm writing this because I think my boyfriend may have a problem controling his anger. We have been together just about 4 years, and it has been a wonderful 4 years at that, but I think he may have a problem. Whether is comes from a deep down personal problem or just serface problems when we argue, he seems to always get mad... even at the little things. He has never resorted to physical violance or anything, just yelling and screaming and sometimes hitting things (walls, doors, etc...) but it makes me very nervous and a little scared that one day he might let his anger get so out of control. I don't want to leave him, I love him with all my heart and we have a beautiful little boy together, but at the same time, I don't think I can take too much more or this. I want him to understand that he needs to stop and think aobut what he's doing before he freaks out for little to no reason. But it is very hard to explain that to him, because when he gets all worked up, he's not in the right state for listening. What should I do? Any ideas?", "Hi my names secret i am 14 years old and i think i have anger issuse. when i was younger i would never talk back or get exremly anger at people like i do now i was always a goodie goodie. i dont know if it beacuse if the fact i am a teenager and going thought my little fase thing. but i think my anger is getting worst. like a few months ago i had a paper due in english class and i turned it in a day early but i forgot two of my info papers and my teacher stated yelling at me asking me why i forgot them at home and i told her that i just forgot them and ill bring them in the next day. then she started yelling that it was going to be late and all this other stuff, then started comparing me to other kids in the class witch is one thing ive always hated since i was little and i started getting attitued yelling back at her saying dont compare me and i strangely started talking super fast and some of the things i dont even remeber saying and got kicked out of class and when i was expaining what happen to my pricipal i started gettign angry and crying. and something after that point just i dont know how to explain it. sometimes when people get me angry or dont agree with me i get really mad and sometime my family says its like i have terets because of they way i talk and react to those thing ive researched signs of having anger problems and most of the things i have read explain how i start to feel when i get angry or mad. Can you pleas help me!?", "im 12 years old and i used to be a tipical girl that argued with my brother but its got worse, i flipped out the other day at my brother and almost broke his arm. i never used to be like this. when someone says something is the wrong tone of voice i get angry inside and want to shout at them! i hate being like this and my parents arent realising my anger is getting worse! my mum thinks its my hormones but i know its not. i just want to be my usual self. im getting worse and want help.", "when someone says something to me thats not right and i get angry, i clench my jaw, and tighten my fists. but at the end of my little angry moments i just cry and cry! i feel so guilty because ive just screamed at my family, i feel like i should comit suicide. sometimes i want to. i can feel my anger getting worse, and dont know what to do..", "I am a 30 yr old transboi, I have been feeling as a boy all my life since i was 4. I grew up in a broken home, my father was a drunk my mother struggles to have food rent paid and other bills. I was always picked on at home and at school. bullied all the time, my depression came out then anger. It wasn't as bad as it is now. I grew up with a career in my mind, that would finace me perfectly for Treatment and surgery, But my parents took my dream away, [working for a comercial ailines]. I then met this guy after my sister got married, and he was my best friend, but my parents and church intervine because to them it was wrong and dirty, My anger started to built up. One night i had a terrible fist fight with my dad, he then threw me out of the house, this fuer took my future i couldn't have friends around and he goes and brutilize me i just had it and hurt on his ass badly! So i went on my besti and ask him to married me it was shocking for him but in a month. we got married. I never wanted this Cuz i am not the wifey/mommy type [being that i was a man] myself. So i became a wife a mother and a dumba", "alot of things have hppened to me, i am 14 years old and have dealt with serious bullying, i get so angry i cant focus, my head hurts, i feel sick, i swear i cant help it i want to hit people and oftern end up hitting myself, dont no what to say to my parents help anyone? X", "I Think i have anger issues as i punch and hit the floor when my console isnt working. also my little bro annoys me so i start hitting him,come back 2 me plz", "Sometimes in my home, i get stressed. my mum ask's me to take the dog out for a walk 24.7 And my brother I Try to hold it in Sometimes.. i succseed BUT I Know 1 day I Will Scream And start trashing teh house help me before its too late for me.", "hello there! today i had my first speech class, its a very important class to me, the main reason why im taking this class is to get over my fear of talking in pulic and panickinrvousg so its not only a college class it means more to me.", "my teacher called volunteers to talk in front of the class, I couldnt but I wanted to :/ (I was soo nervous) when i went out of the class room tears were coming out of my eyes then i drove to around town i felt like another person, I was screming mad, full of frutration ( i have to say I was holding things for along time) I couldnt control what i said or what i did,thank God nothing happened. I cant understand what happend to me, i think is frustration. little help please thanks! :)", "today, at my computer programming exam, me and my classmate got into a fight. I got so mad I hit him with the keyboard and I wanted to do it again, but my other classmates stopped me. At the time it felt awesome, but then I realized what I did and felt terrible. I need help controlling this, I have serious issues controlling my rage", "i think i have anger issues.. im in 9th grade. and in 7th grade a was a little bipolar but i started controlling it in 8th grade. i was really happy and got along with everybody. then i moved to another state, and i was stressed out for a while having trouble adapting to the place. after a while everybody seemed nice. but for the small amount of time that i was stressed out, my anger came back 10 times worse. i think its because of the mixed emotions i have about my ex girlfriend but i dont know. most of the time, my mom will tell me to clean something and i'd do it, but then she'll keep bugging me about it and i'll flip outt. most of the time i wit till she leaves the room and kick or punch the wall. and whenever my ex posts something on fb that upsets me or makes me feel sometype of way i get mad and hit or throw something. last night i was worried because i was trying to sleep because i had school in the morning, and my mom woke me up to clean the dishes and i got angry, then when i finished i tried to fall back asleep but i couldnt so i got really anger and started crying then i barely remember what happen but i know i was punching the wall and door alot. now i have scars on my knuckles. i want to control my anger and be more social but idk how. why do i get so angry ?", "Im 16 years old and Im a fun loving girl. I can be watching television or listening to music and if someone comes in and annoys me I just flip. I just get really angry. Its only my family that I get angry at, not ever my friends. I just shout and really hurt them by insulting them. Sometimes at home I just like being alone and I dont like it when people won't leave me alone. I want to be sociable and seen as that fun loving girl but I think that all my family just see me as moody and a horrible person to be around.", "Hello I'm a thirteen year old girl who has too much anger. When I was little I never had any problems, but growing up I started to bottle up anger such as my parents telling me to do this and do that.. it's too much with school work and taking care of my youner siblings. Sometimes when I'm angry I start to raise my voice, I feel hot/sweaty, I ball up my fists, I just want to hurt them then and there, but I try to compose myself because I know I'll regret it later on. In the past I have pulled a butter knife on my sister.. that's when I notice I went too far... Recently I've been isolation myself from the world, I just want to yell/scream. There have been some occasions when I've punch the wall, slam the doors, etc. I'm now trying to release anger by counting or banging on my snare drum by releasion the stress.. I just don't want to hurt the people I love.", "There may be only one reason behind our anger, or dozens. Am I feeling hungry? Lonely? Tired? We need to meet those basic needs first. (Eat. Call a friend. Take a nap.)", "I think a lot of us would feel better if we just had someone to talk to. Someone who can listen for more than 10-30 seconds, who knows how to keep secrets, and who is mature, and compassionate. A friend, a family member, a pastor or school counselor.", "Our world has become a pressure cooker. We are all under pressure. But, we need to know that being angry all the time isn't going to help us make friends. And if a friend is angry all the time, raging and hurting us, it's best we create some space. And find some healthy friends.", "my husband hit me for the first time the other night, he claims he blacked out, but also claims he slowed down his force. Is it possible for a person to black out and still slow down their force, i need to know. i don't see him blacking out and slowing down, bc then why didnt he just stop? PLZ someone help.", "I've been with someone abusive. It won't stop after the first time, it will get worse. Please ask him to get help, or make plans to secretly leave. You won't be able to tell him you're leaving without him freaking out or losing it again. I don't want to scare you, but I've been there. Please look after yourself and take care.", "i am 17 i have had an anger problem for a wile when i was younger i would not show angry because i was scared of the reaction i might get growing up my mom was and still is a very angry person she would would get mad and hurt any one she was mad at emotionally and sometimes with me and brother she would hit us nothing extreme and when i was younger one of my family members would touch me and at school i was made fun of alot and i dont know it seems like when i got older i was just angry all the time i could not handle my life and instead of being picked on i became the bully for a wile there i was a bully i was mean and heartless to all the kids at school and at thirteen i was passed being a bully and started to take things out on myself i started cutting my self and acting out really bad i was passed being scared of my mom she never seriously hurt me bad but i started yelling at her insulting her tearing her down like she did to me at about 16 i was burning myself i was still cutting tho i just get so mad i just explode i i shake really bad my hart races i cant stay still and then before i know it i am going crazy i am sreaming and hitting walls punching people but that my story #angrygirl", "Hello, to anyone on this website for whatever reason it may be i recommend reading Louise Hay books e.g. \"You can heal your life\" \"The power is within you\". I guarantee by reading these books this will be a changing point for you in your life. I am a registered psychologist.", "i came on this page looking for some advise. i am 14. and i am known for helping out my friends with there problems. like there relationships and conflict with other friends in your group (as we call ourselfs) but i dont have the gift ( if you can say that) to release anger. i get angery all the time but i cant show it because i am afraid of what might happen. my parents are devorce and they live in two defferint states (i live with my mom) (my dad is remaried) and every time i do something wrong my mom starts to yell saying \"do you want to go live with your father...\" and i just want to yell at her because i can say so much thing that she does and she yelling at me for, but i choose to be quite. and even just typing this my whole bodie is shakeing.well i hope you have sothing for me because i just want to start breaking my walls down (not liturally but at the same time liturally)", "Hey JD! You seem like an awesome kid :) Well what you did was awesome by asking for help, and actually writing our feelings down (like journaling) can help a lot too. So keep doing that. One thing that would help would be finding someone you can share your feelings with, and vent your angry feelings. It is great that you want to help other people, but you need someone to turn to also. After all, you are only 14, and that is too much pressure to put on yourself. you have gone through some hard times it looks like, and your mom doesn't seem to control her anger very well. You can find healthy ways to express your anger, but you need to find new ways to think, not modeling what your mom does. It's natural and normal to feel anger, but we can control how we express it. Some things that help: journaling, exercise, talking to someone, do something you like (distraction), read a book.... Good luck! I know you'll do great, because it's obvious that you want to learn and change. :) You're doing good, keep it up!", "My oldest brother has a bad temper an I live in constant fear of saying anything that would set him off. He doesn't go off as often as he used to but when he does he's screams and yells. He will also get verbally abusive and in some cases he has become Physically abusive with my mother and that scares me even more than being hurt myself, but my mother to be hurt. My parents are divorced and he only acts this way around my mother probably because she won't lay a hand on him and has to male father figure around to do it for her. I am worried and just te thought of him freaking out gives me anxiety. I don't know what to do, please help!", "That does sound scary. I'm sorry you are going through that right now! Have the police been involved? If he hits or threatens you or your mom, the police are usually pretty good at responding to those situations (better safe than sorry). One thing you can do (which you shouldn't have to do, but it may help) is observe when he seems to be on edge or more upset than normal. If he escalates too much (gets too mad), that's when people do things that are violent and that they would regret later. If you notice that he is edgy, try to give him his space, and let him cool off for a bit. Try not to talk to him when he is like this. If your mom could get him to counseling it would help, but depending on how old he is, that may be hard. Usually when people react like that it is because they have a lot of confusion or pent up anger inside that they don't know how to get out. Good luck! You are an awesome kid!", "Hi, Im also 14 going to be 15 . For as long as i remembered i through really bad temper tantrums i didnt have the best life growing up and i can still say i dont currently. Ive been having for what looks like Anxiety and Panick attacks since i was about 12 . I was anorexic when i was 11-12 and would also cut myself . I have really bad self esteem and dont always make the best desisions . This past year ESPECIALLY when i get mad i cant control myself and sometimes black out ive gotten in two fights at school this year . And before my Last Varsity basketball game my mom and i got into an arguement and i punch a brick wall . I fractured my hand. When i get mad i tend to throw,kick, and punch things and i pase back and forth alot , sometimes grunting and i get this really big not in my throat,My hands get really sweaty and i shake and make a fist Usually try to leave the situation Im starting to think this isnt normal .. But just a quick note i am a very good kid . Freshman A and B student, Varsity Volleyball,Basketball and Track runner . Any help ?", "Ok so ive always had a terrible relationship with my mother. i never got along with her not even as a little kid. Resently ive grown HATE towards her. when she talk to me or just looks at me, or if shes around me i feel physicaly sick. shes always nagging at my dad or yelling at him or my sister and me. its so frustrading! she used to pick at me when i was little cause i was fat. then middle school i suffered with anorexia. i got sick all the time i was in bad health. she could care less. everytime she yells at me i find myself making a fist crying and not able to breathe. i black out at time. i dont know how to deal with it.", "I am a woman and rarely ever get visibly angry.. my partner does get angry. And I just hate the standards on women.. that we have to be so gentle all of the time. I'm such a loving, caring person and I don't expect my partner to provide financially .. we have a very mutual relationship. Obviously I do expect certain things, being the female, but last time we went out I paid for our date. I just don't think it's fair though because I love this person and I do so much for them. I'm constantly worrying about how they feel, walking on eggshells.", "Im 13, im having some problems with my family im kind of in a crisis so whenever i get mad, when someone pisses me off, i get this really strong feeling and i start throwing stuff and slamming doors and my heart beats really fast and i have lots of trouble breathing and i get really hot and sweaty, i can manage it most of the times like cool down and control myself but its really something like a habit now and i think its not normal, and im not quite sure what it is. is it anxiety? or are they panic attacks or what? i just dont want to overreact over something as silly as this, i used to control myself the first second i got pissed and just get over it but nowadays i get crazy. I want to know if this can affect me in any way, affect my health or hobbies or anything like that. feel free to email me and i will be checking for responses everyday. im just really scared because this isnt really something usual my family think its just a reaction to whats happened and i think so too but im not sure. and if i have anxiety or panic attacks, can i cure them naturally at home by yoga or anything like that because i dont wanna see a psychiatrist because id just be a drama queen and my family would go all crazy on me like im faking something. Thank you very much and i am looking forward to an answer.", "When I get angry I start to shake and get very cold, especially my extremities. Its llike I'm drowning in it or going into shock. My fear is also connected to me getting cold, if I get cold sleeping at night I have nightmares...why is this?", "i have gradually let my anger build up and now the littlest thing trigger me to physically act out. i have fractured my hand twice from lashing out and not being able to control my anger. i will strike anything and i cant control what i say anymore. i think about stuff too much and turn them back on myself sometimes when its not even my fault at all or has nothing to do with me. i drink to calm myself down but in the long run i end up getting hammered and doing even more stupid shit. (sorry for my language) do i need mental help?? why have i let it get this bad? whats causing me to lash out constantly?! i am losing friends on a daily basis. i even got kicked out of my rents house because i kicked a hole in the wall and pretty much destroyed my room. i also pulled my moms hair when i was raging one time. i need answers. maybe even special help. i want to be happy and stress free again. i dont want to lose anyone else in my life.", "my anger has been getting worse and worse i used to be able to control and aim it so well but today i got angry with my teacher i called him a few vilgur names and figured that was that but it just kept building up and getting worse i stormed out of the class room broke the door broke three lockers and scared the shit out of some kid in the halls (he ran into a classroom) but afterward i just started laughing at everyones reaction then got angrier i would not hurt someone and have generally never been the type to get into fights but an outburst like that is frightening to me. i dont want to lose friends i mean the look in peoples eyes when i go off like that it makes me feel horrible. this isnt me and i dont want it to be what can i do to fix this issue", "When I was little, I would annoy my brother, sometimes on purpose, but more often it was on accident. He's 7 years older than I, so he got annoyed easily. He would pin my to the ground and sit on me until I promised I wouldn't do whatever it was again. He moved away for two years for college, and those years were my most drastic. I got much taller, and much stronger, and most importantly, much less lenient towards the way my brother would hurt me. I can't take his crap anymore, so every time he does something to make me angry, I can't just blow it off. The other day I was trying to sleep, he came and banged loudly on my door. When I yelled (cranky, of course) \"What was that for!?\" He specifically said \"Just to make you like you are right now,\" which was angry. That set me off, and I jumped out of bed, stomped into his room, opened his door, banged on his wall several times, and yelled at him for several minutes. When I was finished yelling, I had to let out one last burst of anger, so I punched his door, leaving a hole. Now my dad says I have to pay for a new door with my own money, which only made me angry because I never would have done what I did if it wasn't for my brother's intentional bang on my door. This time, so I wouldn't break anything, I grabbed a water bottle and went in the backyard to throw it at the ground until it popped. Upon going back inside, my dad demanded that I pick up the bottle and throw it away, and I promptly refused out of anger of his demand. I keep saying that one of these days I'm going to kill them, and I don't want to say that. I don't think I'd ever kill them, but I might hurt them.", "Nathan, it seems to me on reading your comment that you are angry with your brother and dad partly because your dad doesn't seem to recognise how much your brother provokes you. Instead it seems to be you who gets the blame for things. These kinds of situations can be incredibly difficult to handle within families because the sense of injustice at how you are treated turns to anger and normally that anger has to go somewhere.", "You don't say what age you are or which country you're in so it's hard not knowing the culture of the place where you live. But it seems that you have probably reached the point at which you need to find your own place? The sense that you feel your brother and dad virtually gang up on you comes across (although you don't say that explicitly). For that reason it's very important that you don't let them, by their actions (whether conscious or unconscious) provoke you into doing something you would ultimately regret. Please don't do anything that is not easily reparable.", "Ultimately, these are feelings. Yes they come from an unjust situation but you have to take control of how you feel when you are with them. It seems that through the years you and your brother have learned how to react to each other and wind each other up. What if you consciously stopped taking his bait? How would he react? If he tried to wind you up and you ignored his baiting behaviour (you need to keep this up for weeks to break the habit), what would be the outcome? Do you think it could possibly break the cycle that you two have of constantly playing power games with each other?", "How about looking into some CBT (cognitive behavioural therapy) treatments? If you don’t want or can’t have the counselling you could buy or rent a book or read about it on the web. It’s a therapeutic technique that tries to make you aware of unhealthy patterns of thought that you’ve built up over the years and how these negative thought patterns influence how you feel and so act. The idea being if you can change how you think then you can improve how you feel and this has better consequences for our actions.", "These are just some ideas. And I'm not suggesting that it's you who has to change to please them. On the contrary, I'm suggesting these things so you can get out of this cycle of provocation/anger/response that you seem stuck in. You have to try to stop letting them control how you feel and react by taking ownership of yourself!", "Don’t give in to anger so that you can’t undo the consequences. Just remember that you are not defined by your brother and father. You are your own person and you won’t always live with them. Maybe it’s time to focus on yourself and carving out a good future and this normally means being selfish and attending to our own needs when those around us are not good for us.", "Get a job, an education, anything beyond what you do now. Find a purpose/goal. This will give you a distraction from your family home. It will also cause your brother to re-evaluate his own situation if he sees that you are working towards something that isn't within his grasp. Find you.", "ive been experiencing anxiety for awhile now maybe months only because of my moms boyfriend he says negative things all the time that gets me really angry but she takes his side all the time its been giving me alot of anxiety and depression where i started to take medication just to relieve it but i still get these intense anxiety feelings and depression where it makes it hard to breathe and feel like im going to get an anxiety attack from all the anxiety and anger building up inside me. Just wondering what i can do to stop all this and feel calmer inside my own mind and body.", "I have always been angry becuase of a lot of stuff that happen to me in my childhood, but I always knew how to control it.", "But lately, I can't. I feel like cause I never expressed it or talked about it, it just keep building up so much that I have very scary urges that I have never had before.", "I never had the thought of hurting someone, or even killing someone till now. It almost all I think about. But I can't express anger at all. I can't even yell and I don't cry much.", "It's kind of like I'm stuck in my own body with my anger. It's kind of good though cause I'm scared that if I was able too I would hurt people and I really don't want too.", "Sometimes I get so angry I want to bash my own head in to make it stop. I do try to talk about it, or explain it but it's so much it's hard for me to even try to put it in words.", "I really don't know how to fix it, almost every little thing makes me angry and it's effects my life and the people around me.", "Okay, im 13 people say i have a fine life and i should stop being a whre about it, when i try talking to my friend she just starts saying how lucky i am and how retarted her life is! And idk ahhah well once and a while i cut my self- but i have only done 20 and only 4 in the last 2 months - idk why i do ahah but sometimes i get mad like a kick a wall and lay on the ground or something and start cryin and yelling when nobody is around- idk hahahah i guess some people might say im just a stupid little worred attention wh", "Okay Well first of all I am 13 and I have a a very troubled life. My dad was abusive to me my siblings and mom. I have gotten to where my anger goes to far. It's mail because of my dad that I act the way I do but it is getting serious. I have been to a therapist for this but I don't like taking face to face with a stranger for I am very shy. But my sister who is older makes me angry. My grandparents take care of us and they have very little money yet they or should I say my grandmother gets her whatever she wants and I get nothing. It's not the fact I don't get anything it is that they have no money and when she asks for something she gets it when I ask for my boyfriend to come over my sister is saying we don't have the gas money yet she gets everything. My anger gets to te point where I have held a pillow over my face preventing me to breath and passing out. I hit my self I am rude to others and I cry until my eyes are pink and puffy. I am afraid one day I will kill my self. I can't control my anger. And I don't know what to do.", "Well, where to begin? I'm almost 14, I was recently kicked out of my home to live with my Dad, Grandma, and Uncle. My little sisters were booted too. My mom chose her stupid one-eyed bf over us. She called me, called me a whre, a c", "hi i read what people post and understand it : low self esteem and losing friends but when am angry i feel so alive and like i sometimes want to kill people.By the way am 14 from the caribbean.my anger happened because to many people took advantage of me and a boy tried to touch me.On that day i got my temper. i worked out and my temper grew the stronger i got but dont worry am not some muscle bond freak.i usually keep my anger in until that one unlucky guy trips me. if any one reads this dont let some punk make you cut yourself or doubt yourself your great just the way you are. be like a river water is one of the softest things in the world yet it flows over rock.", "Hi everyone It seems that I get angry of the littlest of things. I get angry over playing FIFA, not being able to fall asleep and just general annoying things like a late school bus. When I do get angry I often curse a higher authority (I always take it back) and sometimes punch and thump things in anger. I also notice it's only from frustration of not being able to do things, I have an older brother who likes to annoy me a lot but I never curse then and I rarely get into fights with him, we just argue. My dad left home nearly 3 years ago now so I'm wondering if that would have anything to do with it? Please Help Me? :(", "when iam become angry simply i fight with my parent when person are not identifing me then ,i react it i will throw pillow and e.t.c all are avoiding me", "i get angry over eveeything and anything i hit out at my bf n flip i get that mad i wanna just hurt myself and bf for no reason my heart rate goes fast i just see black and cant control mysrlf ive been on every anti depressent n doednt help im impulsive aswell .. i scare my self cos i want a better life i argue everyday im like a spoil child i dont want to lose him .. deep breathing writing it down etc u name it i behond help :(", "Since I was a kid I would get mad at the sillest things and would usually take it out on myself or a door. I am twenty four now and have gone through years of depression and silly anger spells , I got sick of it and decided to find an outlet for my anger.", "I started doing combat sports Thai boxing to be exact and the intensity I get from the training sessions relieve me of all pent of frustration I get . I still snap and get mad but I am better at catching myself at these times. Eveb got a punching bag at home so if I do still feel the urge to punch something , I won't have to replace any doors or seal up any walls like an idiot.", "It is not in our nature to work in the same place forty hours a week with the stress of bills and family. Thats why you feel great after completing a hard task . Anyways I am only young still as a male just feel especially for men that there is something in us that urges us to put ourselves through some hard shit other then the daily grind of working.", "I am not saying that it will subside subside your anger completley if it had I wouldn't have had to look up this article for advice on anger , but it helps.", "I used to have terrible anger problems growing up. I have sinced worked through them and can control myself, except when my little brother starts running his mouth. I have the worst thoughts and have even tried choking him. I have told him I'll kill him. usually we get along well but when we fight, I just want to punch his face in. I don't understand why this one person pisses me off to the point of almost becoming a criminal.", "When I get angry it can be over the most silliest things like tripping over something or someone annoying me my heart rate gets faster and I start to cry which makes people taunt me even more which makes me get real angry and I am afraid of what I can do because I have had thoughts of attacking people or even hurting myself. It is not just the silly things like those throat I get mad about because I have also found that if I see someone fighting in a movie, video or in real life I just feel a really strong urge to join in and I get so angry that I clench my fists and my jaw till it hurts", "I am 15 and moving to Germany tomorrow because my dad is in the military, so we move around alot. my mom suffers from bad anxiety and has been on meds ever since her panic attack when my dad deployed. She keeps telling me that it runs in the family and it will catch up with me. I can tell that i have anxiety problems. For example, i refuse to takd any kind of medicine because i am afraid of choking no matter how hard i try to swallow, the pill literally wont go down. And ever since i started high school, i find my self being angry all the time and it doesnt take much to get me violent. I get these anger attacks either when im frustrated (ex: cant make the bed or cant find something) or when im arguing with my mom. My mom gets really loud and mean when we argue and im not allowed to even raise my voice without getting slapped. i try to walk away and go to my room, but she doesnt let me. And its torture. I dont think she understands just how angry i get. I havent told my parents about my anger attacks, so they dont understand.", "When i have my anger attacks i dont calm down until i destroy something or hurt myself by kicking a wall, etc. the remorse of breaking something usually brings me back because i realize what ive done and i feel ashamed. Pain also brings me back. Ive never intentionally hurt myself and dont plan on but accidentally hurting myself in the rage brings me back because i focuse on that. the colser we get to moving the more angry i feel. Its gotten to the point where i can sort of control it by writing in a journal, but i just had another attack in our hotel when i was alone and almost broke my glasses. I dont know what the purpose of me writing this is. Maybe just to share with someone how i feel. Any advice is welcome and appreciated.", "Whenever I get angry I tend to break things (attempt to). When I do this and I'm angry it's like a whole other me becomes a person. I think my whole other person (let's call then Emily) thinks that breaking things will make the person that upset me angry too. (ex: I threw my brothers iPad at him because i thought it would hurt him) Emily (the other mthe hires to take jess over and I hate it. As I also have OCD it doesn't help at all with my anxiety problems. I can't eat with cutlery that has been in the bottom of the draw and if a glass has a spec on it, I would rather not have a drink. I self harm and get critasisum from people at school.", "I'm a forty eight year old male who was stalked in the past by my wife's ex- husband and in turn had many of my personal things sabotaged and attempts on my life. My wife has children with him and I have to interact with them on a daily basis. It seems that when I hear them mention him in casual conversation that I start to build up with extreme anger and I have no patience whatsoever for anyone. For example, went to dental appointment and I was waiting forty extra min for they were backed up. Every person that I looked at Made me extremely frustrated and angry. I left and slammed the door got into my car and drove like a madman thru traffic. I was screaming at the top of my lungs just to release this anger but found no relief I couldn't get myself out of this psychotic rant no matter what I did. I stewed all day in anger and only found relief in a bottle. Now I'm fine but have a slight hangover. But, I feel better and am writing this for I know I have a problem. Anyone know f any pstchotherapists in the Denver metro that take medicaid.", "I'm 13 almost fourteen my mom is bipolar and has not been the best mom. We get in arguments everyday she cusses me out puts me down whatever she has to do to make me feel bad. She terrifies me honestly but I've put up walls and then it turns into anger I've done many things to let it out cutting screaming reading punching things but she always comes back and makes it worse. And she always lies to my dad on how bad I am which makes me want to kill myself bcuz he believes her. I need this to stop I don't know what to do about my anger she just upsets me so much.", "In response to Anna's comment, I just want to say that, while I can't imagine how it feels to have a mother who treats you that way, I do know how it feels be so full of frustration/anger that all you want to do is cut yourself or fantasize about dying.", "I also have a mentally ill mother, but she usually gave me the silent treatment, which was quite confusing and painful. Your mother may be ill, but that does not give her the right to abuse you emotionally. Unfortunately, it sounds like she is very ill-equipped to give you the nurturing all of us need from our parents, but that does not mean that you have to put up with it all by yourself.", "I don't know how easy it is for you to access public services, but many cities have confidential resources for teens to seek help without the authorization of a parent. If something like this is not an option, then you can always use this resorce here:", "It has a variety of phone numbers and is not strictly for if you feel suicidal, so call them if you just need to talk as well:", "I am a 30 year old woman currently studying developmental psychology and am investigating parental abuse and it's impacts on children and I found your post heartbreaking. Please don't ever think you are alone with this burden. There are lots of people who would be more than willing to help, even if it's just to listen.", "Me and my brother have neer seen eye to eye. Mostly because our personalities are both similar and yet so far apart. For instance, we both like video games but ridicule the other on the types of games we play, we like sports but he prefers football (soccer) and I like basketball. After our parents split up we both ended up on the opposite sides of the confict, me with my mother him with my father. My sister, who'm is the middle child is also more on my mothers side but she's nutural. My father fed him lies about my mother and grandmother whilst my mother never said anything incriminating about my father other than calling him an a**hole (which I believe).", "Since now my mother has remarried and her new husband didn't have a big enough house I was made to live with my grandparents. The only problem is my brother comes down from my fathers to stay over for the weekend every other weekend. We've always fought, shouted and swore at each other to no end with the occasional fists and tackles into the other.", "Anyways one such weekend my dad wouldn't get a taxi together for my brother to be dropped down so I had to call my brother for his adress so the taxi could pick him up. He went into a b**ch-fit about how 'he shouldn't be doing this' and that my mam never does anything to help. Which is bullsh*t considering that she's been running him back and forth from her house, my grandparents and my fathers since they split.", "At that point I lost my cool once more and called him the one word my grandmother does NOT like to hear under any circumstances. Needless to say, me and my brother were very loud when he got in. He made a nsarky comment, I mentioned his tiny member and we ended up with me ontop beating the living crap out of him. The thing is, I have friends who'm I joke around with about names and such and it never bothers me, not even when I was being called such names by people with malicious intent. But the second I hear it out of my brother I just want him dead.", "I wish I didn't feel this way, but with the way he acts I'm either going to end up in prison or just comepletely isolating myself from my family if he continues to be around me.", "So i have a extremely short temper, i can switch moods from being happy to angry in the matter of a few seconds or sad and upset to happy. I will find myself in a bad mood or extremely angry for no apparent reason what so ever! My dad has a very bad temper as well and I think thats where i get it from. At school i got in trouble for flipping a desk at my teacher because she was yelling at me in third grade, I get in trouble for yelling back at teachers and 3 of my teachers admitted that they were scared of me. I would fight alot, and cuss and i dont know whats going to happen next! My mom put me in boiling point classes in first grade and i tend to hold alot of anger towards people who have done me wrong. I play soccer and basketball and tend to get very emotionally involved in the game and tend to push them back or throw hands and get into fights on the field or court. So I dont know whats wrong, could anybody give me a hint or a clue on what problems i have? Anything i can do to improve these problems or not be so angry? Any advice would be very much appreciated!", "I'm Melanie, I have the worse temper and so does my boyfrien/father of my child. We argue and a word will set the whole thing off I will begin to talk fast louder than find myself screaming, I begin to cry while he's yelling and our 1 year old daughter is just watching scared crying i feel her sometimes pulling on me to get my attention but at that moment I'm so angry I could almost hit my boyfriend I throw things he yells he's aggessive, I cant take it any more i don't know this could be I've never been so angry with anyone before the way my boyfriend makes me I want to be a family but Im afraid I'll kill myself or him ! And for ever damage my baby girl mentally but she's the only one that calms me down before it gets to crazy I turn and look at her and see how scared she is almost makes me angrier at her dad for getting me to that point of anger that our own daughter is scared of what's happening ! I want to leave him but we can be good most days but when the fights come they come hard and i know we both have anger but how could I control this anxiety anger rage yelling screaming especially crying !!? Help !", "their are times when I get so angry that I start crying.I want to kill someone and rip their head off.I think of violent things to do.I start making a fuss out of tiny things.I get frustrated and then I just break down into a verge of tears.Wht shall I do!", "Im almost 22. I have been angry ever since i could remember. Even as a toddler i remember being angry and depressed about my situation and environment i was put in. My father was an abusive drug addict. My mother was with a full blown alcohol growing up. Which he mentally and physically abused both of us. I moved around quite a few times and finally landed back in florida when i was fifteen. Ever since all the unfortunate events have happened leading to that point 2009 i had multiple panic attacks and several suicide attempts. I am very angry. I took meds like prozac and lithium and seroquel. You name it i tried it. The only thing that worked was wellbutrin. But after sort of bouncing back to somewhat functional i dropped all medication and stopped seeing my psychologist. I thought that my anger and anxiety had been all in my head.. that i didnt need medicine to cope with the struggle of life. But it's been almost 4 years since I've been on medicine. A lot of horrible things continue to happen. I lost my brother. My dad diagnosed with lung cancer. I could go on and on about all the continuous bad things that keep happening, that make me so f****g mad, ive been experiencing black outs im getting so upset. Ive been trying to pray alot. And i just dont know if it helping. Becuase i need something tangible. I just don't know what my next move is. I'm jobless, broke, or the verge of possibly not having a home to stay in .. where do i go? I can't go to the closest mental health clinic because i used to work there! :( and that's embarrassing. What medicine do i need? Whats my next step to prevent me from hurting myself or other people. Mentally and physically. Please help. :/", "I am a 26 year old female, i have been dealing with anxiety depression and anger outbursts for a long time, since i was a child. Through the years i have learned to cope a little better on my own by simply trying to ignore things. It used to be at the point when i would get angry or stressed and someone was still yelling at me (not in a public place) i would scratch at myself trying to let the hurt out into pain, ide pull my hair and throw myself onto the ground like a child and this happened til around 20 years.", "As i have gotten a little older and a little more wise i turn my anxiety and anger into crying. Heres the most recent situation that actually got me let go from my job.", "I worked in a cup factory assembling and welding plastic cups with machines. We work in groups and we are rotated throughout the night, groups of 2 to 3 at most. They put me with a boy who was very buligerant and kept making sexual comments about my butt. I had asked several times not to be placed with him not only for that reason but because he didnt care about the quality of our production. (i take my jobs very seriously, that could be a contibuting factor as well.) I was only at said place for a month, the younger man had been there atleast a month longer than i. So by that time, since i knew where everything was for materials he should too. In fact he knew where stuff was he just played stupid with me almost as if he were trying to get a rise out of me for some sick reason. I was trying to set up my line and he was to get the materials. he kept askin where they were, duh, the 'in' line lol. i tried to make it a joke let it roll off cuz i know hes not that stupid. About 5 mins later i still dont have my parts to start running, at this point im pissed. I started to storm over to get them myself when i met our quality assurance lady bringing the pallet over. I told her a little teary now (cuz im embarassed she had to get our things) that i cant work with this kid cuz he never does anything, theres a lack of communication between us as well. She almost screamed at me scowling in disaproval I CAN SEE THAT! after being yelled at for something that was not my fault i was shaken up. We got the line moving i was welding and he was inpecting/ whickering (taking the plastic shreds off the edge so you dont cut your lips). Its pretty hard to whicker some times it tears up your nails and dulls the tool they give you, he was half a**ed running his fingers around the cups without looking then throwing them into the box. When we work together our time clock number goes on the product, i didnt want credit for the poor products he was passing for packing. I was getting teary eyed again, cuz i didnt want to lose my job over this ass who doesnt give a crap about his work. My room mates had told me that if i lose this job i have to move. I have a yr and a half old son and no where else to go right away. Anyways, i went to a supervisor and i was flustered i told her the situation. all she did was rub my back telling me to breath, it made people stare, when they didnt notice anything else that had gone on before. she just kept rubbing at me even when i told her i didnt want her too i just wanted her to tell him to work right. After break i was put on a machine doing lids by myself. The same supervisor came over to me once again asking Are you ok? how you feeling? I said fine! i was happy by myself and away from the boy.( no sarcasm or anything i really was happy and fine :D) And this is where i wanted to hit her but i didnt i just ignored her almost mocking me... she rubbed my back again and told me to breath.... when i was completely fine and happy. ( keep in mind this is a chick about my own age.) I ended up being called by my staffing agency they said that me crying was an emotional disturbance and that they dont have time for people like that there. I was so pissed. There a few printers very upset and the other quality assurance lady who loved me said it was bullshi* lol. Its bullsh*t cuz the supervisor that made me get let go had cried and thrown tantrums herself dozens of times and shes still there....", "My fiance was upset, not just at me but at the companys ignorance. \" we dont have time for people with your kinds of problems here...\" Thats kind of messed up dont you think????? My fiance told me, i wish out of everything else you do well that you could handle not crying. It seems like it wrecks my life... i mean whos ever heard of getting fired for crying. It wasnt loud i didnt scream or throw anything or hurt anyone. The supervisor was the one being loud with her mocking its ok, breath and rubbing my back, of course people are going to stare at that...If anyone else has had similar experience, or can tell me how to cope without medication please reach out to me...", "Additionally, MentalHelp.net hosts a comprehensive Addiction Treatment Directory so that you can view and contact any treatment facility directly within the U.S., whether they are sponsors or not.", "For an extensive list of local and national treatment providers, both for- profit and non-profit, you may also visit www.SAMHSA.gov We recommend reviewing providers' accreditation with www.NAATP.org and www.jointcommission.org.", "Many addiction experts suggest that by removing yourself from your typical environment, and your “triggers”, it becomes easier to get and stay sober. With that in mind, would you like to learn about some of the best options for treatment in the country?" ] }, "parsed_md": "Recognizing Anger Signs\n\nBrowse Featured Rehabs\n\nAstoria, OR\n\nSunspire Health The Rosebriar\n\n877-721-6799\n\nView Full Profile\n\nSebring, FL\n\nNext Generation Village Teen Treatment\n\n866-920-4704\n\nView Full Profile\n\nAstoria, OR\n\nSunspire Health Astoria Pointe\n\n888-808-3441\n\nView Full Profile\n\n * Disorders & Issues\n * Anger Management\n\n# Recognizing Anger Signs\n\nHarry Mills, Ph.D. Jun 25, 2005\n\nBefore you learn the techniques to manage your emotions, you first need to\nlearn to recognize your anger. You need answers to questions like:\n\n * \"How do I know when I am angry?\"\n * \"What events/people/places/things make me angry?\"\n * \"How do I react when I'm angry?\"\n * \"How does my angry reaction affect others?\"\n\nAnswering these questions takes a while. It is likely you can rattle off\nseveral things that make you angry. You might even be able to identify several\nsigns that you exhibit when you are angry (e.g., clenched fists, etc.). These\nquick answers are only the beginning, however; the low hanging fruit. You will\nwant to continually ask yourself these questions for a period of time before\nyou can be satisfied that you are fully knowledgeable about your personal\nanger.\n\nRecognizing Physiological Signs of Anger\n\nThe first step in effective anger management is to learn how to recognize when\nyou are angry. Some angry people see their emotions as a black or white\nstate—they are either raging mad or they are calm. In reality, anger is not\nblack and white, but rather quite gray. Anger occurs on a continuum between\nrage and calm where most of the time people experience some gradation of anger\nbetween these two extremes.\n\nThe same people who tend to see anger in terms of extremes sometimes have\ndifficulty recognizing when they are experiencing intermediate anger states.\nLuckily, most people experience a number of physical, emotional and behavioral\ncues that they can use to let them know when they are becoming upset.\n\nSome physical signs of anger include:\n\n * clenching your jaws or grinding your teeth\n * headache\n * stomach ache\n * increased and rapid heart rate\n * sweating, especially your palms\n * feeling hot in the neck/face\n * shaking or trembling\n * dizziness\n\nEmotionally you may feel:\n\n * like you want to get away from the situation\n * irritated\n * sad or depressed\n * guilty\n * resentful\n * anxious\n * like striking out verbally or physically\n\nAlso, you may notice that you are:\n\n * rubbing your head\n * cupping your fist with your other hand\n * pacing\n * getting sarcastic\n * losing your sense of humor\n * acting in an abusive or abrasive manner\n * craving a drink, a smoke or other substances that relax you\n * raising your voice\n * beginning to yell, scream, or cry\n\nPrevious Article\n\nDeciding To Manage Anger\n\nNext Article\n\nRage Ratings\n\nComments\n\n * Beth\n\nNov 28, 2007\n\nANGER\n\nI think i am a very angry person. I experience a lot of the signs of anger and\nthink i need to get help but i am embaressed!!\n\n * Anonymous-1\n\nDec 2, 2007\n\nDear Beth:\n\nThere is no need to feel embarissed about how you are feeling.\n\nChances are the symptoms you are just starting to recognizing, others around\nyou have allready seen.\n\n * D\n\nJun 29, 2008\n\nBravery\n\nI think that bravery needs to be commended. The ground breakers who come\nforward and share their own pain and embarrassment probably don't realize the\npositive effect they have on other people who are suffering in silence. I'm\none of those people. I think that I'm getting to be old hat at admitting my\nshortcomings too. I am so glad for the role models I have had in my life.\nPeople have a tendency to think that role models are those people who climb\nMt. Everest or who slay a dragon. But for me and many like me role models are\nthose people who have been brave, stepped up and made themselves vulnerable\nand the ripple effect of that bravery is that it resonates with others and\nthey are able to also come forward and share their story or take whatever\nsteps are necessary to recovery. Bravo.\n\n * vicky\n\nJul 3, 2008\n\nim always angry\n\ni think i have anger management all i ever feel is anger and frustration by\nanything anyone does even if its the tinyest things like burning my toast or\nabout the tv. my palms start to sweat and alli want to do is punch somthing or\nthrow somthing i normal clecnh my fists or hold on to somthing really tightly.\nif anyone trys to talk tome i jut sceam and shout and in there faces and i\nsome times cry, my voice always gets loudr and more angryer, even if there\nbeing nice. my parents just thin is my age and the hormones as im 16 but i\njust cant cope im getting annoyed so easiy\n\n * ANGRY MOM\n\nJul 22, 2008\n\nWHAT THE F*%#!\n\nWhy the hell do i feel this way? everytime i talk to my husband i get so\nangry. i cant bear to listen to him anymore. today i told him to go f*ck\nhimself and i meant it. i've already been to jail for simple battery. i jsut\nwanna know what the hell do i do to make these feelings go away. i have a one\nyear old little girl and she does not deserve to go through this.\n\n * Ainurandur\n\nJul 23, 2008\n\nI are so angerr\n\nI'm so angry at these bots at L2 because they don't care about my feelings.\nI'm so gay... Can you give me hugs or something?\n\nAinurandur\n\n * alan\n\nJul 24, 2008\n\nsooo angry\n\ni think i have a really bad anger issue and it just costed me my girlfriend to\nbreak up with me because when we argrue i get so pissed i start to shake and i\njust yell and i always punch things i want help so bad but i dont know where\nto go to get it. i just want it to go away\n\n * Anonymous-2\n\nAug 5, 2008\n\nI am so bipolar, i don't know what to do with myself...\n\nI am known as the 'crazy bitch' to some people, others a very kind,\nlighthearted younglady. I have a history of anger problems in my family, and\nsevere mental illnesses. Schizophrenia is apparently present in a bit of my\nfamily. For instance, I have attacked people with knives while drinking, and\nattempted to destroy people - I'm also known as the hippie girl. I am so\nbipolar, i don't know what to do with myself... I have such horrible rage that\nI feel I must smoke pot just to calm my nerves and slow my heart b4 I do\nsomething stupid. For instance, just tonight - Someone stole money from\nme....So I went on a crazy chase across town to threaten them, they told me\nwhere I could find my money, after that They were being rude to me (\nunappreciated ) - So i went to my boyfriends vehicle (his friend) and stole\ntheir beer. (the boy is underage, so he got quite pist) - ne waysl....I threw\nit out somewhere and another high speed chase began down the back roads, and\nwhen I backed up over a huge stopper for parking, my boyfriends began to punch\nat my vehicle, and i hauled ass away, his brother went to jail for that\nshit...so he realized his feelings were getting in the way and stopped. I was\nyelling at my best friend ( the girl i was with) - sweetest thing can't even\ntalk back....I found out she told them all where the beer was...and I went\nfucking ballistic...- i yanked her door open and told her just what a fucking\npiece of shit bitch she was, and how she had lost the only girlfriend she\nhad...and only dumb cunts who don't know how to live a life betray real\nfriends....I also shoved her across the street because i thought she stole my\njoint (she didn't) - My boyfriend had to contain me in a strong hold, this\nmade me start shaking and crying, b/c i was defensless and i couldnt fight...I\nalso kicked him several times, even once in the balls....he somehow handled\nme....and i was banished from his friends house.....He got drunk, and pretty\nmuch said we couldn't be together, he jus cannot deal with it ne more (we've\nbeen dating 2 years) - The night b4 i told him he was a fuck up piece of shit,\nand he didn't deserve me....I also raced away from my house, screaming at my\nparents that i was going to go shoot up heroin and blh blah,,,,fuck off, yada\nyada......(i felt as tho they were accusing me of drug use) - Then I almost\nhit my dad when he ran in front of me to stop me....He has insane anger, and\njust cannot stop once it starts, and i do too.....I start shaking and my brain\nlike shuts off,,,,it all gets blury, and i just don't fucking care about ne\nthing....I think I destroyed 2 relationships tonight, just bc i was full of\nrage and vengance over nothing.......i'n only 18, and i am a sweet girl\nusually.....I always tell people to be nice, and i am so kind to everyone,\nuntil i feel you've crossed me, then i loose it....It's like i let it build\nand have fits of rage every few months....My friend says i'm lucky i'm not in\njail right now....? what should i do?\n\n * Dim\n\nAug 5, 2008\n\nSerious anger problem\n\nWhat a fantastic article!\n\nI've already calmed down a bit while reading it, because it helped me\nunderstand what is happening to me with anger outbursts. I have a lot of anger\noutbursts and i hate it as i hate myself too. Some times I want to break\neverything up with a baseball bat. Other times I'm biting my hands or punching\nmy thighs, pulling my hair or wanting to slam my head on the wall, or punch\nmyself in the face. It's a terrible, horrific situation. I totally hate it. I\nfeel so sorry for my poor wife that has to endure me. Also I see that me 2\nyear old daughter is starting to yell and looks very angry some times. Am I\ndoing this to her? Probably. My mother used to be very angry and had\noutbursts. I'm seeing myself doing the same things she did. I don't want my\nkids to become like me. But i'm motivated now and will take action, today!\n\n * Irma P\n\nOct 8, 2008\n\nOut of the Dark and into the Light\n\nI salute all of you who have bravely shared insights and experiences regarding\nthis \"dark side\" of human nature. We all manifest varing degrees of anger.\nClearly, some have it far worse than others. My former boyfriend is one such\nperson. He's a brilliant, handsome and passionate man. And, in his deepest\nheart, he is a truly good person. But, he is also a \"stick of dynamite\" with a\nfuse could go off at any given moment. It was a constant struggle being in his\ncompany as his outbursts were both frightening and embarassing. My quiet,\npassive nature along with my patience and loving support, couldn't offset his\nreactions or, I should say, his \"over-reactions.\" And, upon reflection, he had\nwarned me early in our relationship \"... dump me before you hate me...\" I\nnever fully grasped his meaning until now. So, those of you who care to\nsustain and maintain your relationships... your deeply meaningful and\nnecessary human contacts... get help! My boyfriend won't... \"I like myself,\"\nhe says. But, he is now, alone... with his \"dark side\" while, I am free and\ninto the light.\n\n * Anonymous-3\n\nOct 24, 2008\n\nWhat Anger is taking over my life\n\nMy husband work all day and night. I have over my shoulders the house and the\nkids. He doesn't help in anything at all. So, I have become anger and anger\nover the last year. I have been aggressive with my husband physically. I want\nto get help but my husband doesn't give the support that I need. He keeps\nsaying that my problem is that I can handle two kids. He doesn't understand\nthat the problem is that my angry is affective everybody in the household and\nWE have a couple WE need professional help.\n\n * Anonymous\n\nFeb 22, 2009\n\nAnger Frustration\n\nOkay - so I'm a 27 year old woman....I have worked in a large company for 3\nyears before just recently getting laid off. I have an anger problem....but on\na regular day, I'm a very easy-going, happy person that is independent,\nstrong-willed and fairly positive. I love helping people with their own\nproblems and seem very good at it...but can't seem to help myself. My anger is\nonly present in front of those i feel very comfortable with. Perhaps this is\nwhy I have been able to lead a normal life. Most of it stems from arguments\nwith my brother. He is 2 years younger than me and because he is a male, he's\nalways had special treatment from my parents and I've grown to resent him for\nit. I actually feel a lot of pain and frustration when I am angry....probably\nfar more than the people enduring it. He calls me crazy every time we have any\nsort of disagreement and this escalates my rage when initially it may not have\nbeen as present....he seems to know this triggers my outbursts, but seems to\nwant me to get upset. When i get upset, it makes him look better in front of\nmy parents and any other people that may be present. I often wonder what type\nof brother would do such a thing to his older sister that obviously could use\nsome help....maybe not from him since he seems to be one of the triggers, but\nfrom somewhere,....and if ur making fun of someone that desperately needs\nhelp, how good of a person can you be really? Anyway - all I want to do is get\nbetter....it's for my own good, my own health, my own sanity....and I just\ndon't know what to do. I am at a loss because I know I am better than\nthis....frustrated beyong belief....I feel like one of these days I am just\ngoing to stop trying to better myself and jus accept the \"dark side\" of\nmyself....embrace it and learn to live with it....alone of course cause no one\nneeds to deal with this other than me...*cry*\n\n * Nana.\n\nMar 13, 2009\n\nCan you help??\n\nhey. I'm in 9th grade, i'm, pretty sure i have anger issues... but i can't\ncontrol them... i dont take things out on other people, that's something i\nwould never do, that's not right... but today i got highlighter wrote on me\nand i got really mad and threw the marker at the guy that threw it at me and\nslapped him in the face... then this girl that was having problems with her\nboyfriend... or whatever was taking her anger out on me, and im like, \"you\nneed to relax!!\" and she's like, \"if you dont know whats going on then dont\nsay crap!\" im like, \"you take your problems out on everyone else and you\nexpect them to be all happy with you!!!!!\" and shes like, (out of no where)\n\"i'm not the one obsessing over someone that has a girlfriend!!!!\" cuz i like\nthis guy... and im like, \"WHERE DOES THAT EVEN COME FROM!?!?!?!\" and i thought\ni was gonna hit her... but idk what to do with myself anymore... i've tried\nwalking out... handleing it that way.. and it works... but i think i need to\ntake classes... my dad has anger issues too... so it could come from him...\nand i clench things when im mad... so like i ripped my notebook... :| and\nidk... what to do...\n\ncan you help?\n\n * Anonymous-4\n\nApr 23, 2009\n\ni have anger issues\n\nknow i have anger issues and it comes from my parents death and people lying\nto me alll the time i am so sick of being angry its really starting to get to\nme i just wish i could go to sleep and not wake up and i dont want to feel\nthat way its so hard when it seems like NO ONE int he world understands you i\nhave been to counseling before it didnt help at all im still upset and its\nstarting to effect my health the way i think im really scared im going to do\nsomething i will regret for the rest of my life but i am so sick of people!\n\n * Ashley W.\n\nApr 30, 2009\n\nAnger\n\nI am in 8th Grade, almost out of school for summer, and there are people who\nwill do the dumbest things, or say something or do something to me or a\nfriend/boyfriend and I will be triggered right there, I will clench my teeth,\nmy face turns red from what my friends and parents say,I clench my fists, I\nget random heat flashes on my face and neck and under arms,I've been having a\nsweating problem, I might starting crying, I will want to scream or slap them,\nand I am thinking in my head to do something, slap him, or scream at them even\nthough I am in class, I get triggered sooo easily, and my friend Maggie\nnoticed when I get irritated, I stomp my feet, and have a small panic attack.\nI read this article and I relate to all of those identifications, does this\nmean I do have Anger problems, if I do, how do I stop it, I don't want to hurt\nanyone, but I just flip out and go on a rampage sometimes....Help!\n\n * well(8)\n\nMay 6, 2009\n\nBLEH\n\nokaay, so april has been a pretty crappy month for me.and YOU WANNA KNOW WHY?!\nwell there's this girl, who claims we're \" BEST FRIENDS \" ughh. NO. so my ex.\nbf asked her to grad. she told me she was 'takeing my feelings into\nconsideration\" then why the f*ck would you say yes? I'll continuen this later.\nbye !\n\n * amilyn\n\nMay 28, 2009\n\nignored\n\ni'm 8th month pregnant and emotinally unstable.i'm living at my parents house\nnow just for delivery.the problem is they let my 9 year old niece to stay in\nour house,which i hated most.honestly,i hate her.i don't have the power to\nappreciate her.i don't want her to stay in our house.i gets irretated because\nevery people in our house except my youngest brother don't even understand my\nsituation.I'm so stressed living with someone you don't like.this is my first\nbaby and thier first grandchild.they just ignore my feeling instead,they\nconsider that bundle of miseries feelings rather than mine.they don't even\nbothered if it affects me or my baby.\n\nright now i'm sitting in my room having hardtimes,i have a backpain and my\ntummy really hurts.i just want her to disapper and be vanished.i want her to\ngo to thier own house with her family.i don't want her to stay with us and be\na burden for me.i'm so sorry i can't take her anymore!!!i need someone to\nrescue me.....\n\n * Collin\n\nJun 9, 2009\n\nVery angry dad.. at everything\n\nI’m 21, and am 1 of 4 siblings in my family.. My parents got divorced 11 years\nago and ever since I could remember, my dad has had an anger problem.. He runs\na national business, he’s very hyperactive, and loves to help people\nespecially financially.. If you met my dad, he appears to be very nice and fun\nto go out with but you can’t let him fool you. He would love to get a chance\nto help you in any way shape or form to “show off” it seems.. what he’s really\ndoing is kind of setting a trap almost.. He has taken everyone in his personal\nlife and bribed them with money and a job making it sound like the perfect\nlifestyle having lots of vacations and ect: but the thing is that he uses it\nagainst people in the future, he feels that we don’t give him what he deserves\nin return.. therefore he gets angry.. very angry.. it’s not just that, that\nmakes him mad but its everything. He’s like a perfectionist and if something\nis not done his way, he blows up once he blows up, he screams so loud,\ncursing, accusing, making fun of people, threatens our jobs... he’s the most\ncontrolling person I know.. if we mention anything about him getting mad or\nabout how he needs to deal with stress differently,, it gets worse.. Nobody\nwants to try and help him because, we all work for him.. My brother who is\nalmost 20 just got out of the hospital of 5 days suffering from depression and\nanxiety which I believe was caused by my dad from getting yelled at all his\nlife for everything.. Since then, my dad still yells at him and makes fun of\nhim for his anxiety, him being a loser, not helping my dad in certain things\nwhich is the worst thing to do to someone that is suffering from depression\nand anxiety.. especially to your son. He’s the scariest person on the planet..\nI start shaking every time he starts to call me on the phone or is on his way\nin to work..I think it’s a mix of like bi polar disorder, anger management,\nanxiety.. My grandpa suffered from depression and was a very angry man in his\nyounger years as well.. Somebody please help me and tell me what to do.. how\nto approach him with help.. He’s killing all of us slowly especially himself..\nHe’s been the main reason why are family is growing further away from each\nother.. Please let me know what I have to do.. I’m begging.\n\n * Kelly H\n\nJul 15, 2009\n\nresponse to angry father\n\nI had an angry father and mother. My dad was an alcholic and through many\nyears of therapy and reading I was finally able to let go of reacting to this\nanger. One thing i have learned is that when people are angry all the time it\nis their own life they are angry with. Their own decisions and what they\nconsider failures, injustices and abuse or learned behavior. You will have to\nfigure out which one it is. If your father was raised with an angry man,\nchances are it is the only language he speaks. When the only tool you have is\na sledgehammer - then everything looks like a nail. What you need to realize\nis that you do not have to put up with this anger. You have a right to say you\ndo not want to be treated that way. You will not put up with it. You deserve\nrespect. There are many very good books to read on this subject and if you\ncrack one open might find it is the best help you could ever find to help you\nunderstand the problem and the best way to deal with it. You could hold a\nfamily intervention and confront these issues in a healthy way. It is possible\nto be nice and honest with him, but firm and assertive. You can tell him you\nare doing this because you love him, its bad for his health, and you desire a\nbetter relationship with him. He may be aware of this and does not know how to\nstop. But tough, is is an adult and we are responsible for our own bad\nbehavior. There are many consequences that you can point out, from not liking\nto be around him, to losing his family, to health matters. It will be\nimportant to stay calm and tell him how it makes you feel. I find that angry\npeople feel so victimized themselves that when they face the truth and break\ndown by being confronted - they cry and the flood gates open up. Maybe you\ncould ask him why is so angry - is he unhappy with his life - and why? He may\nbe such a bully that he feels his feelings (if he admits having them) are\nnever validated or understood. it coudl start the opening up process. Good\nluck. Grab a book, you will feel empowered and will be able to respond in ways\nthat throw him off guard. He may not show you his anger as much after you\nlearn some new responses. You may mention that there are so many emotions to\nexpress and he does not always have to use anger. This may be french to him,\nbut identifying with his own feelings is the beginning. Also - it is not your\nresponsibility to fix him, but you can learn to stop him from treating you\nbadly. There are tools that will help in books. I promise you will feel better\nand have much more understanding and maybe even empathy for him. But do nto\nput up with it.\n\n * carolyn nichols\n\nOct 23, 2009\n\nthey dont believe me\n\nok i have anger problems and i know i do like if i get angry at a teacher i\nwill keep it in and sometime tht week r 2 or 3 weeks i will go off on her\ncussing her and going crazy and like 3 of mi teachers has asked me if i am in\nanger manegment but mi parents or my counseler dont be lieve me i dont kno wut\nto do\n\n * Anonymous-5\n\nOct 30, 2009\n\nLosing Control\n\nI am 21 years old living in southern illinois. Ever since i can remember, i\nhave always bottled up my anger and emotions until the point where any little\nthing can trigger a massive melt down. I have noticed myself over the years\nbecoming more mentally unstable.\n\nMost of the time i feel angry when i am at home where i have time to sit down\nand relfect on what events of that day has made me angry. it seems that the\nmore i think about it the more and more emotionally unstable i get. i get so\nmad that just want to break some things. i relese my rage in a mannor that my\nparents tell me isnt normal. i cannot think i cannot eat all i think about is\nwhat was the source that has made me so angry.\n\ni keep telling myself that maybe i can help myself by moving away from here to\nsomewhere where no one knows who i am. somewhere where i can be in peace with\nmyself. i feel that the path i am on will ultimately end up destroying my self\nfrom the inside out.\n\n * Tiffany\n\nOct 30, 2009\n\nCollege\n\nI have anger management issues i believe stem from Anxiety. I am currently\ntaking classes at ASU, which causes alot of stress. I'm a 3rd year nursing\nstudent. I have been having panic attacks for as long as i can remember and i\nhave phobias...I'm scared of the dark and silence..i don't like being in a\nroom thats to dark or quiet. I recently went on a trip with friends to Cali\nwhich resulted in me yelling at a close friend of mine. we got into a verbal\nfight and are no longer friends.\n\n * angry 7th grader\n\nNov 3, 2009\n\nSome time i wanna beat the piss out people\n\ni get in fights all the time because people make me mad im always getting\nwritten up. I almost sent my older brother to er last night\n\n * Miche :)\n\nNov 4, 2009\n\nAngry 7th grader :((((\n\nYou need to learn how to control your anger this is pitiful. You will be the\nnext Micheal Myers if you continue with this behavior..\n\nIm disappointed little buddy\n\nMiche\n\n * ANGRY ANDEE\n\nNov 10, 2009\n\nRESPONSE TO COLLEGE TIFFANY\n\nSHAME ON YOU NURSING STUDENT! THOUGHT NURSING WERE MORE CALM? ANYWAY, I SHARE\nSOME OF THE SAME ANXIETIES: CANNOT STAND TO BE IN A DARK QUIET ROOM OR BY\nMYSELF FOR THAT MATTER. I AM A CAREER SOLDIER IN THE ARMY AND THIS IS MY\nSECOND TIME TAKING AN ANGER MANAGEMENT COURSE. THE FIRST TIME I TOOK THE\nCOURSE I ONLY LASTED A TWO SESSION. I THOUGHT IT WAS REALLY SILLY. I THINK I\nSTILL DO ESPECIALLY WHEN IT COMES TO HAVING TO DO A DIARY. ANYWHO, WHAT\nRECENTLY PROMPTED ME TO RE-ENROLL IS LAST WEEK I PUNCHED A REALLY GOOD FRIEND\nOF MINE IN THE NOSE AND BLOOD WENT EVERYWHERE. I DIDNT EVEN KNOW I WAS THAT\nUPSET AND I DONT REMEMBER HITTING HER. I SAW RED AND THE NEXT THING I REMEMBER\nIS BEING IN SECURITY HANDS AND THE CASINO WE WERE AT, ASKING ME TO WRITE A\nSTATEMENT. ALSO, LAST NIGHT I HAD A ROOM MATE THAT KEPT ME UP UNTIL ALMOST\nTHREE IN THE MORNING BECAUSE HE WAS DRUNK AND BEING EXTREMELY LOUD AND I HAD\nSEVERAL THOUGHTS OF TAKING ONE OF HIS EMPTY BOTTLES AND HITTING HIM OVER THE\nHEAD WITH IT. GLAD I TALKED MYSELF OUT OF THAT ONE, I MIGHT HAVE FOUND MYSELF\nIN THE BRIG! WISH ME LUCK THIS TIME...\n\nANDEE\n\n * Anonymous-6\n\nNov 29, 2009\n\nmad short little 14 year old\n\ni get mad when people do bad things, when i get beat at a game with my little\nbrother, when i get mad i start yelling, throwing things, curseing, its like i\nwant to shoot someone, or sometimes when i get mad i dont go out rage i get\ndepressed, it outta control, i dont know if i have anger problems or not.\n\n * CONFUSED\n\nNov 30, 2009\n\nCONFUSED\n\nMY BOYFRIEND....GETS VERY ANGRY EASILY...AND REALLY OVER NOTHING....I DON'T\nKNOW HOW TO RESPOND TO THE QUESTIONS HE ASKS...AFRAID THEY WON'T BE RIGHT\nANSWER HE WANTS TO HERE....OR WHEN I'M UP LOOKING FOR SOMETHING...HE WANTS TO\nKNOW WHAT I'M DOING....IT'S LIKE I DON'T FEEL COMFORTABLE IN MY OWN\nHOME.....HELP\n\n * Brittany\n\nDec 10, 2009\n\nangry boyfriend.\n\nI've been with my boyfriend for 8 months now, but we have been fighting so\nmuch lately! If i want to go out with my friends, he asks many questions and\ngets mad when i want some girl time. When we first started dating, he was the\nsweetest guy i had ever met now he gets really upset over nothing... When he\ngets mad, he will punch himself countless times in the face, and scream and\nyell in my face as if i can't hear him! He also grabs my wrists pretty hard,\nbut he doesn't realize his own strength. He will even cry over things that\naren't a big deal at all. Sometimes it feels like he's my dad, because he\ntries to boss me around and tell me what i can and can't do. I hate it, but i\nfeel like i have to lie to him just to hangout with my friends... I believe\nthat relationships need honesty, but he makes it hard to be honest about what\ni do... I want to be with him forever, but if his anger continues, i just\ndon't think i can handle it. We got into a big arguement over the phone the\nother day, and i told him that if he can't change that we cannot be together.\nThen, he txt me about 5 minutes later and told me that he was going to kill\nhimself because he can't live without me and he feels like no one wants him\naround. When he told me that i got scared and called him. Obviously were still\ntogether, but i just don't know what to do anymore. I'm sick of the yelling,\nand him making me cry and feel like everything is my fault... I think he needs\nanger management...\n\n * Victoria\n\nMar 11, 2010\n\nI just lost my baby!!! Newborn!!!\n\nIm sooo angry!!!! I have always known i had an anger problem but i never\nthought it was that bad because i could control it. Well, im 21 and carried a\nchild for 9 months just to lose her 45 minutes after she was born! It was\nexpected...and i handled it really well for the first week or 2. But now ive\ngot all these emotions and feelings and im just soooo angry because \"God\" took\nher from me. Being sooo angry now has brought out all of this anger from the\npast. Ive got to the point where i scare myself because i just wanna tear shit\nup!!! Literally I dont know what to do about it. Ive called a councilor but im\nnot sure that will help. Just today i threw my tv across the room....and i\njust had a c section 3 weeks ago!!! Not a good idea... but i couldnt control\nit....i mean i was really ready to kill...(not really) but you know what i\nmean. Im not sure i know what to do about it or how to even go about fixing\nit. Im not sure anger management will help because i feel like i need to just\nget it out.....ya know....tear things up just to let it out....someone help\nme!! Im scared for my marraige....my well being....my life....i dont want to\nfeel this pain anymore and im tired of being soooo damn mad all the time!!!!\nHELP!!! Im not crazy i swear!!!\n\n * Sid Da Kid\n\nMar 19, 2010\n\nsuper angry all the time\n\nSometimes I get so angry my eye starts to twitch and all i wanna do is destroy\nsomething.Lately Ive been super angry all the time. Everything erks me and\nmakes me extremely angry its like i dont get mad a lil bit i get mad alot i b\ngoin from 0 to 60 like that. Like the other day i hurt my finger on a door and\nI punched it while yelling F**K!! I dont know why i just be so angry all the\ntime..all day everyday its takin a toll on me that i always feel alone. My\ndaily emotions are Anger,sad,Lonely,Worthless, Lost. I ALWAYS WONDERED WHY I\nALWAYS FEEL ALONE BUT I HATE PEOPLE. I RATHER BE ALONE IN THE DARK SOME WHERE.\n\n * billy\n\nMar 24, 2010\n\ni hate that you lost your baby\n\nthat sounds so awfull and i hope the best for you\n\n * billy\n\nMar 25, 2010\n\nim locked up in the frenchburg group home\n\nive been locked up know for almost a year and at times my anger gets the best\nof me. especialy because i have a mom that is dying and i cant be back at home\nwith her and you just wont believe how bad that it hurts me all the time . I\ntry to do good to go home but U always manage to mess up and i just get so\npissed off at myself that i end up causing more problems for myself\n\n * geen\n\nApr 3, 2010\n\nonly mad because of certain people\n\ni dont have any anger problems but when i come home i feel like my parents are\nalwaysss complaining about sometin and that nothin i do is right mostly my mom\ngets on my lasst nervs im starting to hate her shes got this little sceam\nplanned out to break me and my bf up who ive been with for 2 years and\nwhenever she starts i wanna break thngs and my chest hurts im soo sick of her!\nbut its only her i cant have onee good day wthout being depressed or mad\nanymore..do i have a problem?\n\n * melissa\n\nApr 29, 2010\n\nstress=anger\n\nI am very angery with the person i am today...i just got suspended for\nfighting at school over something so stupid!!!!!.....and now i gotta go to\ncourt and it sucks..this isnt the first time i had to go to court!!!!!nd i\nhave so much stress on my shoulders that i dont know what i am going to do\nnext!!!!! sometimes i feel lyk i wanna hang myself!!!!sum one help\n\n * Anette\n\nApr 30, 2010\n\nCan't seem to get over my anger that he cheated on me\n\nThe relationship I am in started out online by chance therefore, it was long\ndistance. For a year we visited eachother when we could and kept in touch, but\nthen in January 2009 I moved out of my mother's house and halfway across the\ncountry to live with him. After living with him for 8 months I found out he\nhad cheated on me the months before I moved. It has been 10 months since I\nfound out and I still get very angry sometimes, although I don't get angry as\noften, I still have outbursts that are still intense. Is there a way I can\nview this differently that won't evoke so much anger, or tips to stay calm\nduring arguments? Or, is it time to find someone else because my anger means I\njust can't forgive him? I always feel ashamed and guilty after my outbursts\nyet I felt I just had to get them out.\n\n * Georgina\n\nMay 15, 2010\n\nANGER\n\nI am only 11 but i seem to lose control of my temper. One little thing just\nsets me off. I start shouting and screaming at my parents, who don't deserve\nit at all, if anyone has any tips please post them.\n\n * paulina\n\nJul 15, 2010\n\nangry person\n\nwell im a veryy angry person i snap like hella quick im one of those type of\npersons that if you try to get attitude or talk shit about ill fu*** cut you i\nmean cuzz you out\n\ni get very angry specially at my bf we been together for 2 years and im\nagresive i used to punch him or stary shit for nothing becasue he whould get\nme so angry cause of other girls or even if he looked at someone else i even\nwhould break his shit glasses windows and i once stabbed him in his arm but he\nwhould hit me to but playing or say that i was a bit** and i whould snap his\nmom dont like me she says i make him mad and what the things i do i really\nwant to change this anger issues is it anger management help i need to knoww\nhelp please!!!!!!!!!!\n\n * Bryan\n\nAug 12, 2010\n\nAnger 2 Blues\n\nHeya '', I am a 23 year old regular guy, recently I have been in a lot of\nfights ranging from road rage 2 even smaller matters like who finished the\ntoilet roll, I have been doing kick-boxing from the age of 13 and it feels 2\ncalm me down 2 an extent, exercise helps clear my mind but I can't exactly do\npush-ups during an argument can I?! I recently been admitted out of hospital\nafter a car accident,my anger was about 2 get tha better of me as I was gonna\ndestroy the 42 year-old drunkard who wrecked my ride, when I realised my cure\nand solution- my girlfriend of 16 months is the only person in the history of\nmy life who can calm me down, she actually wears the pants in our\nrelationship. I have never felt sooo in love with somebody before, she knows\nthis and she won't let my anger come into the picture, whenever I am on the\nverge of going wild, she orders me to sit or she will hold my hands together\nthen make me say a short prayer. There were times when I angered her and she\nhas beaten me up 2 the extent of a black eye and scratches but I never attack\nher, I will just feel like I cannot harm the most important person in my life.\nThe point I am making is that I am always told exercise helps with anger and\nit does but it is never as effective as having somebody meaningful-who you\nconsider before yourself and open your heart 2wards as well as trust. I came\nacross this website looking for a way 2 improve myself for her as we have just\ngot engaged on Saterday. I am SORRY if I have written alot- I am just trying 2\nshare my experience and hopefully learn from the other stories I have read. I\nwish you all well and be AWESOME, BY-BY\n\n * aliana fontanez\n\nAug 16, 2010\n\nanger and stress AND IM ONLY 11\n\nlook i struggle everyday everyone teases me im never happy im always angry\nhaving anxiety ataccks at home i mtry everyday and pray if god can help me\n\n * Senior--Edith\n\nAug 26, 2010\n\ni get angry easily and cant stop\n\ni keep arguing with my mom and i wont shut up cuz i cant stop until she will\nlisten to me or til i pist her off. not only tht but i like to make ppl tht i\ndnt like feel scared of me i love the rush of fighting but i dont want to do\ntht anymore and i dont want to argue with my mom anymore but i just cant\ncontrol my anger wen im angry i hit stuff i throw things i cuss at everyone i\njust go crazy and want to just punch ppl or sumtimes think of killing them but\ni kno im not tht of a mean person...wat can i do\n\n * Falisha\n\nAug 28, 2010\n\nMOMMYS ANGER GONE CRAZY HELP!!!!\n\nHI I'M A 24YR MOM OF TWO AUSTIC LITTLE BOYS 2 AN 4 THEY ARE GREAT KIDS THEY\nAMAZE ME BUT EVERYTHING THEY DO *FIGHT*THROUGH THINGS * BITE* YELL* MY 4 YR\nBEATS HIS LITTLE BROTHER EVERYTHING AROUND ME MAKES ME ANGRY I SCREAM THROUGH\nTHINGS I YELL ALL THE TIME I'M CONSINTLY FIGHTING WITH PEOPLE MY BODY HURTS\nALL THE TIME I CANT CONTROL MY ANGER ANYMORE AND I'M REALLY SCARED THAT IM\nGOING TO HURT SOMEONE I CARE ABOUT IF I DONT GET SO ADVICE IVE TRIED ALOT BUT\nMY ANGER IS SO BAD THAT I CANT CALM DOWN I CAN NEVER GET ANY TIME TO MYSELF\nUNLESS I GO ON A WALK BUT THAT DOESNT EVEN HELP HELL I STARTED YOGA AND NOW I\nTHINK I SPENT MORE TIME FIGHTING WITH FRIENDS AND FAMILY THEN I DO HELPING\nMYSELF thankyou for listening please any advice will help\n\n * Anonymous-7\n\nAug 30, 2010\n\nangry and away from home!\n\nahh!\n\n * justine hilker\n\nAug 30, 2010\n\ni get mad at everything!\n\ni'm a 16 yr old girl and i love my family so much, its just the littlist\nthings they do just piss me off. then i yell and scream at them i just dont\nknow what to do, and i say stuff to them that hurts them and i dont mean to\nits just i get so angry!! i think i may need some help, i think it's because\nmy dad died a while back and ever since then i've become depressed/angry :(\nand i dont wanna be like that anymore\n\n\\- justine hilker\n\n * Lydia\n\nSep 9, 2010\n\nJustine\n\nJustine,\n\nI am so sorry for your loss of your dad. That must be so incredibly difficult.\n\nWith grief comes anger sometimes. You might feel mad at your dad, then feel\nguilty about being angry. Or you might get mad at God/ the universe, etc. Or\nthe doctors... It's part of grief. And it's ok to be mad right now. It's ok if\nyou're mad at your dad. It doesn't mean you love him less.\n\nIt might help if you can get involved in a grief support group for teens. Ask\nat your school. Hospice also often runs various groups.\n\nTake care and hang in there!\n\n * rosa\n\nSep 18, 2010\n\nhope this advice helps all!\n\nHI I'm a 15 year old an as i was reading many of you are young to have to pass\nthrough what your going through. i which you could please read these whole\ncomment before you guys decide not to. i have lived a very ruff life myself my\nfather was a drunk and drug attic he would always fight with my mother and my\nmother ended up getting help for domestic violence. now my father turned to\ngod and everything is much better. it took 2 years of prayer and fasting from\nmy mother and others so my dad could finally become a christian, but it was\nworth it! i know this isn't about me, but about you. many of you maybe are\nagainst christianity or may not even believe in god. i ask of you to please\ngive it a chance even if it's the last thing you would choose to do. please\ntry it.\n\nanybody please give it a try, what do you have to lose. maybe it helps you\nmaybe you'll discover that you actually like christianity. even if you don't\nbecome a christian just try a prayer once in a while you wont lose nothing for\njust giving it chance!\n\ni know i have written a lot thanks for actually reading all the way and\nhopefully you can see that maybe there is a small chance that god will change\nyour life for the best!\n\nGOD BLESS YOU ALL!!!!!!!! and hopefully i could hear from some of you knowing\nthat this has helped!\n\ngive me an email i would love to listen to all you problems. i know god will\ngive me the wisdom to help you.\n\n * Anonymous-8\n\nSep 22, 2010\n\nbi polor\n\nim 17, i have bad anger issues im always fightin with my brother and family..i\ndont know how to help myself\n\n * A.J\n\nSep 28, 2010\n\nhaving trouble controling my anger\n\nShould i see a doctor if I am having trouble controling myself when I get\nangery? Just last night I beat up my family friend because he was watching\npornogrophy in my house. I have been punching windows and hurting myself and\nothers. I have been praying and reading the bible about anger and I know that\nI shouldn't lash out at people but, when I am provoked to anger It feels like\nI have been bottling up my anger then when that person says one thing wrong\nBOOM i hit them then I go to jail. Sometimes I vision myself actually killing\nthem and imagining which punches I should throw or even how I could dhot them\nor something crazy. I can't remember what made me snap last night but, I was\nyelling so loud and I even said i was the devil. please help me\n\nDr. Dombeck's Note: It certainly does seem that your reactions are excessive\nand self-destructive (if you are being jailed and/or punching walls). Seeing a\nDoctor is a reasonable idea if you suspect there may be some medical problem\nunderlying your anger, or if you are seeking some kind of medical treatment\nfor your mood problems. A doctor may be in a position to prescribe something\nthat may help. A more direct and to the point thing you can also look into is\nsigning yourself up for an anger management course or group in your area. Such\nclasses or therapy groups (depending on how they are run) teach you methods\nfor keeping your anger under better control.\n\n * MATTHEW A LEWIS\n\nOct 4, 2010\n\nLOCKED UP AT the Frechburg Group home\n\nsomtimes i get so mad when people tell me what to do i was dating a 23 year\nold women and i fell in love with her and i got locked up and committed to the\nstate and i was so mad because i wonted to spit in my judge face when he told\nme that i was committed because i wont get to see my grilfriend anymore and im\ngoing to miss her\n\n * Claudia Gonzalez\n\nNov 18, 2010\n\nseems I'm angry at the world\n\nI'm a pretty young mother 26, my 6year old son means the world to me. I would\nnever want to harm him in any way. I just can't seem to control my anger.\n\nI feel the need to grab a couple of drink before I get home. I'm can't stop\nyelling at everyone around me at home over the stupidest things. I feel the\nneed to bunch something so bad whenI'm this upset. I don't listen to anyone\nwhen I'm this upset. It's almost like I'd rather be anywhere else except home.\nMy son doesn't even want to be around me anymore, much less sleep on the same\nbed. I wish I understood Why I'm so mad at the everyone almost all the time,\nand anything could set me off\n\n * Uncertain\n\nJan 2, 2011\n\nNew Boyfriend seems to have Anger Issues\n\nI started dating someone a couple of months ago. We are both about 30 years\nold. After a couple of weeks he had an angry outburst after drinking liquor.\nHe was screaming and got in my face and I seriously thought he was going to\nhurt me. I ran outside and told him that I would call the police if he hurt\nme. We talked the next day and he said he shouldn't drink liquor. I found out\nlater he has had at least 4 DUI's. I feel like I should have walked away at\nthat time but didn't b/c I felt badly for him, but I also know that he is\nresponsible for his situation. He can not drive for 2 years, at least. It\nturns out that he got into an altercation with an officer at his last DUI\narrest and was beaten by the police and in the hospital for three days.\n\nToday he blew up at me for reasons that don't make sense. He said that I have\ntoo much stuff and he started a fire for me to burn my things. We had talked\nabout having a bonfire so that I could burn some old mail, etc. However, he\nstarted a fire without letting me know that is what he wanted to do this\nafternoon and when I acted surprised after the fire was going b/c I was in a\ndifferent mindset about what I wanted to do this afternoon he got mad...he\nsaid I was ungrateful b/c he built a fire for me. I tried to explain that he\nfailed to communicate with me and ask if that is what I wanted to do. He got\nso angry he kicked my boxes of things, including important paperwork, all over\nthe yard while yelling at me. He tore the hat off my head and ripped it. I am\nso afraid that next time he will hit me or worse. I quickly packed up my car ,\nafraid the entire time that he would hurt me. I left without saying good bye.\nHe left me a message on my phone saying that he was the man and I was the\nwoman and I needed to learn my f-ing place, etc. I know just writing this that\nI can't go back to him. He was so sweet most of the time, but if he is acting\nthis way so early in a relationship it won't get any better. I have never\ndated anyone who acts this way and although I like him a lot and we actually\nget along well most of the time, the rest of the time these angry outbursts\nare enough to chase me away...along with the DUI's and all that surrounds\nthat. Thanks for letting me vent, it is very theraputic.\n\n * anonymous 22 yrs old\n\nJan 3, 2011\n\nim told i have anger issues\n\nMe and my girlfriend have been dating for 4 years .. we have alot of disputes\nwhich in terms she says i have anger issues . ive been tryin 2 full fill her\nneeds as in cooking for her and helping her clean and have been trying my\nhardest. we get into disputes and she takes the smallest comments out of\ncontext instead of letting me explain fully she would rather cut me off and\nsay she agrees 2 disagree she also takes everything as if its a personal\nattack when really im stating my opinion . this fustrates me and i tend 2\nraise my voice and speak with bass in my voice after that its hard for me 2\ncome down i neva resort 2 violence i i try 2 walk away at times becuase my\npoint or words becomes meaningless 4 the simple fact that she chooses not 2\nlisten . i at times feel like she wants the man role in our relationship .\nthere are other times that ill do one thing wrong and not the way she wants it\n2 be like 4 example i was cooking her breakfast and she wanted coffee but i\nhadnt brewed it but i was already cooking so i asked her if she can just brew\nit she instantly put a face on started mumbling under her breathe and\nbasically aggressivley made the coffee meaning she was slamming the pot into\nthe coffee maker and being very ruff showing her anger this sent me into\nimeddiate aggrevation . i go 2 confront her and yes i did come out angrily but\ni did not attack her i just asked her why she acted so upset and she turned\naround and insisted that she didnt have an attitude that i was over reacting\nhonestly i have no idea wat 2 do she is the only person that gets me this way\nand i kno i dont have anger management issues becuz i am not passive\naggressive and havent been in a physical fight since i was 13 i need help\ndealing with this and need help on wat i should do or how i should handle this\n.. it doesnt help cuz i am madly in llove with her\n\n * Anonymous-9\n\nJan 16, 2011\n\nAnger Issues ~ What should I do?\n\nI'm writing this because I think my boyfriend may have a problem controling\nhis anger. We have been together just about 4 years, and it has been a\nwonderful 4 years at that, but I think he may have a problem. Whether is comes\nfrom a deep down personal problem or just serface problems when we argue, he\nseems to always get mad... even at the little things. He has never resorted to\nphysical violance or anything, just yelling and screaming and sometimes\nhitting things (walls, doors, etc...) but it makes me very nervous and a\nlittle scared that one day he might let his anger get so out of control. I\ndon't want to leave him, I love him with all my heart and we have a beautiful\nlittle boy together, but at the same time, I don't think I can take too much\nmore or this. I want him to understand that he needs to stop and think aobut\nwhat he's doing before he freaks out for little to no reason. But it is very\nhard to explain that to him, because when he gets all worked up, he's not in\nthe right state for listening. What should I do? Any ideas?\n\n * secret\n\nMar 7, 2011\n\ni dont know\n\nHi my names secret i am 14 years old and i think i have anger issuse. when i\nwas younger i would never talk back or get exremly anger at people like i do\nnow i was always a goodie goodie. i dont know if it beacuse if the fact i am a\nteenager and going thought my little fase thing. but i think my anger is\ngetting worst. like a few months ago i had a paper due in english class and i\nturned it in a day early but i forgot two of my info papers and my teacher\nstated yelling at me asking me why i forgot them at home and i told her that i\njust forgot them and ill bring them in the next day. then she started yelling\nthat it was going to be late and all this other stuff, then started comparing\nme to other kids in the class witch is one thing ive always hated since i was\nlittle and i started getting attitued yelling back at her saying dont compare\nme and i strangely started talking super fast and some of the things i dont\neven remeber saying and got kicked out of class and when i was expaining what\nhappen to my pricipal i started gettign angry and crying. and something after\nthat point just i dont know how to explain it. sometimes when people get me\nangry or dont agree with me i get really mad and sometime my family says its\nlike i have terets because of they way i talk and react to those thing ive\nresearched signs of having anger problems and most of the things i have read\nexplain how i start to feel when i get angry or mad. Can you pleas help me!?\n\n * Gabriella\n\nMar 8, 2011\n\ni can't control my anger..\n\nim 12 years old and i used to be a tipical girl that argued with my brother\nbut its got worse, i flipped out the other day at my brother and almost broke\nhis arm. i never used to be like this. when someone says something is the\nwrong tone of voice i get angry inside and want to shout at them! i hate being\nlike this and my parents arent realising my anger is getting worse! my mum\nthinks its my hormones but i know its not. i just want to be my usual self. im\ngetting worse and want help.\n\nwhen someone says something to me thats not right and i get angry, i clench my\njaw, and tighten my fists. but at the end of my little angry moments i just\ncry and cry! i feel so guilty because ive just screamed at my family, i feel\nlike i should comit suicide. sometimes i want to. i can feel my anger getting\nworse, and dont know what to do..\n\n * unknown\n\nJun 5, 2011\n\nAngry transboi\n\nI am a 30 yr old transboi, I have been feeling as a boy all my life since i\nwas 4. I grew up in a broken home, my father was a drunk my mother struggles\nto have food rent paid and other bills. I was always picked on at home and at\nschool. bullied all the time, my depression came out then anger. It wasn't as\nbad as it is now. I grew up with a career in my mind, that would finace me\nperfectly for Treatment and surgery, But my parents took my dream away,\n[working for a comercial ailines]. I then met this guy after my sister got\nmarried, and he was my best friend, but my parents and church intervine\nbecause to them it was wrong and dirty, My anger started to built up. One\nnight i had a terrible fist fight with my dad, he then threw me out of the\nhouse, this fu**er took my future i couldn't have friends around and he goes\nand brutilize me i just had it and hurt on his ass badly! So i went on my\nbesti and ask him to married me it was shocking for him but in a month. we got\nmarried. I never wanted this Cuz i am not the wifey/mommy type [being that i\nwas a man] myself. So i became a wife a mother and a dumba** school bus driver\nmy chance arrived To finally do my treatment saw a therapist who happens to be\ntrans himself all he did was took my money insurance fraud me by taking my\nmoney as well and a doctor who was a mayor bi**h who refused to give me\ntreatment is there something that they all see in me that i can't? I FLIPPED\nON MY THERAPIST FLIP ON MY DOCTOR AND EVERYONE AROUND IT WAS HARD TO COME OUT\nTO THEN GET TURNED DOWN LAST FEW DAYS ONE OF THE CO. WORKERS TOLD ME AT MY\nFACE I AM NO MAN THAT FLIPPED ME OUT ! BIG TIME! AND MY EX WHO SAW ME AS A MAN\nLEFT ME AND CAME BACK MARRIED AND PREGNANT DOESN'T SEE ME AS A MAN INSTEAD\nWANTS TO USE ME FOR HER BENEFITS AND MY OTHER EX GF AND I FLIPPED I YELLED AND\nTHREATEN TO KILL HER IS THIS FU**NG NORMAL? LATELY I AM TAKING MY ANGET IN\nBREAKING MY VALUABLES! HELP ME PLZ!\n\n * charlotte\n\nJul 7, 2011\n\nvnghSIGUILe\n\nalot of things have hppened to me, i am 14 years old and have dealt with\nserious bullying, i get so angry i cant focus, my head hurts, i feel sick, i\nswear i cant help it i want to hit people and oftern end up hitting myself,\ndont no what to say to my parents help anyone? X\n\n * Lawrence\n\nJul 28, 2011\n\ndo i know?\n\nI Think i have anger issues as i punch and hit the floor when my console isnt\nworking. also my little bro annoys me so i start hitting him,come back 2 me\nplz\n\n * Lawrence-\n\nJul 28, 2011\n\nOnly 11!\n\nSometimes in my home, i get stressed. my mum ask's me to take the dog out for\na walk 24.7 And my brother I Try to hold it in Sometimes.. i succseed BUT I\nKnow 1 day I Will Scream And start trashing teh house help me before its too\nlate for me.\n\n * jenni\n\nAug 31, 2011\n\nwent crazy and didnt know what i was doing, it wasnt me\n\nhello there! today i had my first speech class, its a very important class to\nme, the main reason why im taking this class is to get over my fear of talking\nin pulic and panickinrvousg so its not only a college class it means more to\nme.\n\nmy teacher called volunteers to talk in front of the class, I couldnt but I\nwanted to :/ (I was soo nervous) when i went out of the class room tears were\ncoming out of my eyes then i drove to around town i felt like another person,\nI was screming mad, full of frutration ( i have to say I was holding things\nfor along time) I couldnt control what i said or what i did,thank God nothing\nhappened. I cant understand what happend to me, i think is frustration. little\nhelp please thanks! :)\n\n * Anonymous-10\n\nSep 12, 2011\n\nagain\n\ntoday, at my computer programming exam, me and my classmate got into a fight.\nI got so mad I hit him with the keyboard and I wanted to do it again, but my\nother classmates stopped me. At the time it felt awesome, but then I realized\nwhat I did and felt terrible. I need help controlling this, I have serious\nissues controlling my rage\n\n * mickky\n\nSep 22, 2011\n\ni get mad easily\n\ni think i have anger issues.. im in 9th grade. and in 7th grade a was a little\nbipolar but i started controlling it in 8th grade. i was really happy and got\nalong with everybody. then i moved to another state, and i was stressed out\nfor a while having trouble adapting to the place. after a while everybody\nseemed nice. but for the small amount of time that i was stressed out, my\nanger came back 10 times worse. i think its because of the mixed emotions i\nhave about my ex girlfriend but i dont know. most of the time, my mom will\ntell me to clean something and i'd do it, but then she'll keep bugging me\nabout it and i'll flip outt. most of the time i wit till she leaves the room\nand kick or punch the wall. and whenever my ex posts something on fb that\nupsets me or makes me feel sometype of way i get mad and hit or throw\nsomething. last night i was worried because i was trying to sleep because i\nhad school in the morning, and my mom woke me up to clean the dishes and i got\nangry, then when i finished i tried to fall back asleep but i couldnt so i got\nreally anger and started crying then i barely remember what happen but i know\ni was punching the wall and door alot. now i have scars on my knuckles. i want\nto control my anger and be more social but idk how. why do i get so angry ?\n\n * Anonymous-11\n\nOct 6, 2011\n\nJust flip out\n\nIm 16 years old and Im a fun loving girl. I can be watching television or\nlistening to music and if someone comes in and annoys me I just flip. I just\nget really angry. Its only my family that I get angry at, not ever my friends.\nI just shout and really hurt them by insulting them. Sometimes at home I just\nlike being alone and I dont like it when people won't leave me alone. I want\nto be sociable and seen as that fun loving girl but I think that all my family\njust see me as moody and a horrible person to be around.\n\n * Michelle\n\nNov 13, 2011\n\nHelp before it's too late... Too much anger and stress\n\nHello I'm a thirteen year old girl who has too much anger. When I was little I\nnever had any problems, but growing up I started to bottle up anger such as my\nparents telling me to do this and do that.. it's too much with school work and\ntaking care of my youner siblings. Sometimes when I'm angry I start to raise\nmy voice, I feel hot/sweaty, I ball up my fists, I just want to hurt them then\nand there, but I try to compose myself because I know I'll regret it later on.\nIn the past I have pulled a butter knife on my sister.. that's when I notice I\nwent too far... Recently I've been isolation myself from the world, I just\nwant to yell/scream. There have been some occasions when I've punch the wall,\nslam the doors, etc. I'm now trying to release anger by counting or banging on\nmy snare drum by releasion the stress.. I just don't want to hurt the people I\nlove.\n\n * Alba\n\nNov 15, 2011\n\nAnger - some suggestions\n\nIt seems like this website needs oversight by a professional, who can offer\nsuggestions to those writing in.\n\nThere may be only one reason behind our anger, or dozens. Am I feeling hungry?\nLonely? Tired? We need to meet those basic needs first. (Eat. Call a friend.\nTake a nap.)\n\nI think a lot of us would feel better if we just had someone to talk to.\nSomeone who can listen for more than 10-30 seconds, who knows how to keep\nsecrets, and who is mature, and compassionate. A friend, a family member, a\npastor or school counselor.\n\nOur world has become a pressure cooker. We are all under pressure. But, we\nneed to know that being angry all the time isn't going to help us make\nfriends. And if a friend is angry all the time, raging and hurting us, it's\nbest we create some space. And find some healthy friends.\n\nI've been telling myself lately,\n\n * Dannielle\n\nNov 16, 2011\n\nSerious Question.\n\nmy husband hit me for the first time the other night, he claims he blacked\nout, but also claims he slowed down his force. Is it possible for a person to\nblack out and still slow down their force, i need to know. i don't see him\nblacking out and slowing down, bc then why didnt he just stop? PLZ someone\nhelp.\n\n * Anonymous\n\nNov 29, 2011\n\nReply to Danielle\n\nI've been with someone abusive. It won't stop after the first time, it will\nget worse. Please ask him to get help, or make plans to secretly leave. You\nwon't be able to tell him you're leaving without him freaking out or losing it\nagain. I don't want to scare you, but I've been there. Please look after\nyourself and take care.\n\n * angry girl\n\nDec 7, 2011\n\ntoo angery\n\ni am 17 i have had an anger problem for a wile when i was younger i would not\nshow angry because i was scared of the reaction i might get growing up my mom\nwas and still is a very angry person she would would get mad and hurt any one\nshe was mad at emotionally and sometimes with me and brother she would hit us\nnothing extreme and when i was younger one of my family members would touch me\nand at school i was made fun of alot and i dont know it seems like when i got\nolder i was just angry all the time i could not handle my life and instead of\nbeing picked on i became the bully for a wile there i was a bully i was mean\nand heartless to all the kids at school and at thirteen i was passed being a\nbully and started to take things out on myself i started cutting my self and\nacting out really bad i was passed being scared of my mom she never seriously\nhurt me bad but i started yelling at her insulting her tearing her down like\nshe did to me at about 16 i was burning myself i was still cutting tho i just\nget so mad i just explode i i shake really bad my hart races i cant stay still\nand then before i know it i am going crazy i am sreaming and hitting walls\npunching people but that my story #angrygirl\n\n * bobbie\n\nDec 9, 2011\n\nLouise Hay books\n\nHello, to anyone on this website for whatever reason it may be i recommend\nreading Louise Hay books e.g. \"You can heal your life\" \"The power is within\nyou\". I guarantee by reading these books this will be a changing point for you\nin your life. I am a registered psychologist.\n\n * JD\n\nJan 27, 2012\n\nI just dont know what to do\n\ni came on this page looking for some advise. i am 14. and i am known for\nhelping out my friends with there problems. like there relationships and\nconflict with other friends in your group (as we call ourselfs) but i dont\nhave the gift ( if you can say that) to release anger. i get angery all the\ntime but i cant show it because i am afraid of what might happen. my parents\nare devorce and they live in two defferint states (i live with my mom) (my dad\nis remaried) and every time i do something wrong my mom starts to yell saying\n\"do you want to go live with your father...\" and i just want to yell at her\nbecause i can say so much thing that she does and she yelling at me for, but i\nchoose to be quite. and even just typing this my whole bodie is shakeing.well\ni hope you have sothing for me because i just want to start breaking my walls\ndown (not liturally but at the same time liturally)\n\nps. srry if there is any spelling errors and grammer i am not the smartest kid\naround :/\n\n * Ashley\n\nFeb 22, 2012\n\nResponse for JD\n\nHey JD! You seem like an awesome kid :) Well what you did was awesome by\nasking for help, and actually writing our feelings down (like journaling) can\nhelp a lot too. So keep doing that. One thing that would help would be finding\nsomeone you can share your feelings with, and vent your angry feelings. It is\ngreat that you want to help other people, but you need someone to turn to\nalso. After all, you are only 14, and that is too much pressure to put on\nyourself. you have gone through some hard times it looks like, and your mom\ndoesn't seem to control her anger very well. You can find healthy ways to\nexpress your anger, but you need to find new ways to think, not modeling what\nyour mom does. It's natural and normal to feel anger, but we can control how\nwe express it. Some things that help: journaling, exercise, talking to\nsomeone, do something you like (distraction), read a book.... Good luck! I\nknow you'll do great, because it's obvious that you want to learn and change.\n:) You're doing good, keep it up!\n\n * HT\n\nFeb 27, 2012\n\nScared of My Brother\n\nMy oldest brother has a bad temper an I live in constant fear of saying\nanything that would set him off. He doesn't go off as often as he used to but\nwhen he does he's screams and yells. He will also get verbally abusive and in\nsome cases he has become Physically abusive with my mother and that scares me\neven more than being hurt myself, but my mother to be hurt. My parents are\ndivorced and he only acts this way around my mother probably because she won't\nlay a hand on him and has to male father figure around to do it for her. I am\nworried and just te thought of him freaking out gives me anxiety. I don't know\nwhat to do, please help!\n\n * Ashley\n\nMar 17, 2012\n\nHey HT.... about your brother...\n\nThat does sound scary. I'm sorry you are going through that right now! Have\nthe police been involved? If he hits or threatens you or your mom, the police\nare usually pretty good at responding to those situations (better safe than\nsorry). One thing you can do (which you shouldn't have to do, but it may help)\nis observe when he seems to be on edge or more upset than normal. If he\nescalates too much (gets too mad), that's when people do things that are\nviolent and that they would regret later. If you notice that he is edgy, try\nto give him his space, and let him cool off for a bit. Try not to talk to him\nwhen he is like this. If your mom could get him to counseling it would help,\nbut depending on how old he is, that may be hard. Usually when people react\nlike that it is because they have a lot of confusion or pent up anger inside\nthat they don't know how to get out. Good luck! You are an awesome kid!\n\n * Veronica\n\nMar 31, 2012\n\nCould I have anger Managment\n\nHi, Im also 14 going to be 15 . For as long as i remembered i through really\nbad temper tantrums i didnt have the best life growing up and i can still say\ni dont currently. Ive been having for what looks like Anxiety and Panick\nattacks since i was about 12 . I was anorexic when i was 11-12 and would also\ncut myself . I have really bad self esteem and dont always make the best\ndesisions . This past year ESPECIALLY when i get mad i cant control myself and\nsometimes black out ive gotten in two fights at school this year . And before\nmy Last Varsity basketball game my mom and i got into an arguement and i punch\na brick wall . I fractured my hand. When i get mad i tend to throw,kick, and\npunch things and i pase back and forth alot , sometimes grunting and i get\nthis really big not in my throat,My hands get really sweaty and i shake and\nmake a fist Usually try to leave the situation Im starting to think this isnt\nnormal .. But just a quick note i am a very good kid . Freshman A and B\nstudent, Varsity Volleyball,Basketball and Track runner . Any help ?\n\n * Anonymous-12\n\nApr 26, 2012\n\nhate angry explode.!\n\nOk so ive always had a terrible relationship with my mother. i never got along\nwith her not even as a little kid. Resently ive grown HATE towards her. when\nshe talk to me or just looks at me, or if shes around me i feel physicaly\nsick. shes always nagging at my dad or yelling at him or my sister and me. its\nso frustrading! she used to pick at me when i was little cause i was fat. then\nmiddle school i suffered with anorexia. i got sick all the time i was in bad\nhealth. she could care less. everytime she yells at me i find myself making a\nfist crying and not able to breathe. i black out at time. i dont know how to\ndeal with it.\n\n * ANonymous\n\nJul 28, 2012\n\nAngry Men\n\nI am a woman and rarely ever get visibly angry.. my partner does get angry.\nAnd I just hate the standards on women.. that we have to be so gentle all of\nthe time. I'm such a loving, caring person and I don't expect my partner to\nprovide financially .. we have a very mutual relationship. Obviously I do\nexpect certain things, being the female, but last time we went out I paid for\nour date. I just don't think it's fair though because I love this person and I\ndo so much for them. I'm constantly worrying about how they feel, walking on\neggshells.\n\n * ayah\n\nJul 28, 2012\n\nAnxiety\n\nIm 13, im having some problems with my family im kind of in a crisis so\nwhenever i get mad, when someone pisses me off, i get this really strong\nfeeling and i start throwing stuff and slamming doors and my heart beats\nreally fast and i have lots of trouble breathing and i get really hot and\nsweaty, i can manage it most of the times like cool down and control myself\nbut its really something like a habit now and i think its not normal, and im\nnot quite sure what it is. is it anxiety? or are they panic attacks or what? i\njust dont want to overreact over something as silly as this, i used to control\nmyself the first second i got pissed and just get over it but nowadays i get\ncrazy. I want to know if this can affect me in any way, affect my health or\nhobbies or anything like that. feel free to email me and i will be checking\nfor responses everyday. im just really scared because this isnt really\nsomething usual my family think its just a reaction to whats happened and i\nthink so too but im not sure. and if i have anxiety or panic attacks, can i\ncure them naturally at home by yoga or anything like that because i dont wanna\nsee a psychiatrist because id just be a drama queen and my family would go all\ncrazy on me like im faking something. Thank you very much and i am looking\nforward to an answer.\n\n * matthew\n\nAug 27, 2012\n\ncold anger\n\nWhen I get angry I start to shake and get very cold, especially my\nextremities. Its llike I'm drowning in it or going into shock. My fear is also\nconnected to me getting cold, if I get cold sleeping at night I have\nnightmares...why is this?\n\n * Nicolle\n\nAug 27, 2012\n\ni realize i need help...now what do i do??\n\ni have gradually let my anger build up and now the littlest thing trigger me\nto physically act out. i have fractured my hand twice from lashing out and not\nbeing able to control my anger. i will strike anything and i cant control what\ni say anymore. i think about stuff too much and turn them back on myself\nsometimes when its not even my fault at all or has nothing to do with me. i\ndrink to calm myself down but in the long run i end up getting hammered and\ndoing even more stupid shit. (sorry for my language) do i need mental help??\nwhy have i let it get this bad? whats causing me to lash out constantly?! i am\nlosing friends on a daily basis. i even got kicked out of my rents house\nbecause i kicked a hole in the wall and pretty much destroyed my room. i also\npulled my moms hair when i was raging one time. i need answers. maybe even\nspecial help. i want to be happy and stress free again. i dont want to lose\nanyone else in my life.\n\n * noel\n\nNov 19, 2012\n\nwhat do i do\n\nmy anger has been getting worse and worse i used to be able to control and aim\nit so well but today i got angry with my teacher i called him a few vilgur\nnames and figured that was that but it just kept building up and getting worse\ni stormed out of the class room broke the door broke three lockers and scared\nthe shit out of some kid in the halls (he ran into a classroom) but afterward\ni just started laughing at everyones reaction then got angrier i would not\nhurt someone and have generally never been the type to get into fights but an\noutburst like that is frightening to me. i dont want to lose friends i mean\nthe look in peoples eyes when i go off like that it makes me feel horrible.\nthis isnt me and i dont want it to be what can i do to fix this issue\n\n * Nathan\n\nFeb 21, 2013\n\nBroke my brother's door.\n\nWhen I was little, I would annoy my brother, sometimes on purpose, but more\noften it was on accident. He's 7 years older than I, so he got annoyed easily.\nHe would pin my to the ground and sit on me until I promised I wouldn't do\nwhatever it was again. He moved away for two years for college, and those\nyears were my most drastic. I got much taller, and much stronger, and most\nimportantly, much less lenient towards the way my brother would hurt me. I\ncan't take his crap anymore, so every time he does something to make me angry,\nI can't just blow it off. The other day I was trying to sleep, he came and\nbanged loudly on my door. When I yelled (cranky, of course) \"What was that\nfor!?\" He specifically said \"Just to make you like you are right now,\" which\nwas angry. That set me off, and I jumped out of bed, stomped into his room,\nopened his door, banged on his wall several times, and yelled at him for\nseveral minutes. When I was finished yelling, I had to let out one last burst\nof anger, so I punched his door, leaving a hole. Now my dad says I have to pay\nfor a new door with my own money, which only made me angry because I never\nwould have done what I did if it wasn't for my brother's intentional bang on\nmy door. This time, so I wouldn't break anything, I grabbed a water bottle and\nwent in the backyard to throw it at the ground until it popped. Upon going\nback inside, my dad demanded that I pick up the bottle and throw it away, and\nI promptly refused out of anger of his demand. I keep saying that one of these\ndays I'm going to kill them, and I don't want to say that. I don't think I'd\never kill them, but I might hurt them.\n\n * Deb\n\nFeb 22, 2013\n\nto Nathan\n\nNathan, it seems to me on reading your comment that you are angry with your\nbrother and dad partly because your dad doesn't seem to recognise how much\nyour brother provokes you. Instead it seems to be you who gets the blame for\nthings. These kinds of situations can be incredibly difficult to handle within\nfamilies because the sense of injustice at how you are treated turns to anger\nand normally that anger has to go somewhere.\n\nYou don't say what age you are or which country you're in so it's hard not\nknowing the culture of the place where you live. But it seems that you have\nprobably reached the point at which you need to find your own place? The sense\nthat you feel your brother and dad virtually gang up on you comes across\n(although you don't say that explicitly). For that reason it's very important\nthat you don't let them, by their actions (whether conscious or unconscious)\nprovoke you into doing something you would ultimately regret. Please don't do\nanything that is not easily reparable.\n\nUltimately, these are feelings. Yes they come from an unjust situation but you\nhave to take control of how you feel when you are with them. It seems that\nthrough the years you and your brother have learned how to react to each other\nand wind each other up. What if you consciously stopped taking his bait? How\nwould he react? If he tried to wind you up and you ignored his baiting\nbehaviour (you need to keep this up for weeks to break the habit), what would\nbe the outcome? Do you think it could possibly break the cycle that you two\nhave of constantly playing power games with each other?\n\nHow about looking into some CBT (cognitive behavioural therapy) treatments? If\nyou don’t want or can’t have the counselling you could buy or rent a book or\nread about it on the web. It’s a therapeutic technique that tries to make you\naware of unhealthy patterns of thought that you’ve built up over the years and\nhow these negative thought patterns influence how you feel and so act. The\nidea being if you can change how you think then you can improve how you feel\nand this has better consequences for our actions.\n\nThese are just some ideas. And I'm not suggesting that it's you who has to\nchange to please them. On the contrary, I'm suggesting these things so you can\nget out of this cycle of provocation/anger/response that you seem stuck in.\nYou have to try to stop letting them control how you feel and react by taking\nownership of yourself!\n\nDon’t give in to anger so that you can’t undo the consequences. Just remember\nthat you are not defined by your brother and father. You are your own person\nand you won’t always live with them. Maybe it’s time to focus on yourself and\ncarving out a good future and this normally means being selfish and attending\nto our own needs when those around us are not good for us.\n\nGet a job, an education, anything beyond what you do now. Find a purpose/goal.\nThis will give you a distraction from your family home. It will also cause\nyour brother to re-evaluate his own situation if he sees that you are working\ntowards something that isn't within his grasp. Find you.\n\n * MK\n\nFeb 26, 2013\n\nTROUBLED\n\nive been experiencing anxiety for awhile now maybe months only because of my\nmoms boyfriend he says negative things all the time that gets me really angry\nbut she takes his side all the time its been giving me alot of anxiety and\ndepression where i started to take medication just to relieve it but i still\nget these intense anxiety feelings and depression where it makes it hard to\nbreathe and feel like im going to get an anxiety attack from all the anxiety\nand anger building up inside me. Just wondering what i can do to stop all this\nand feel calmer inside my own mind and body.\n\nThanks!\n\n * Mykala\n\nMar 19, 2013\n\nI've always been angry...\n\nI have always been angry becuase of a lot of stuff that happen to me in my\nchildhood, but I always knew how to control it.\n\nBut lately, I can't. I feel like cause I never expressed it or talked about\nit, it just keep building up so much that I have very scary urges that I have\nnever had before.\n\nI never had the thought of hurting someone, or even killing someone till now.\nIt almost all I think about. But I can't express anger at all. I can't even\nyell and I don't cry much.\n\nIt's kind of like I'm stuck in my own body with my anger. It's kind of good\nthough cause I'm scared that if I was able too I would hurt people and I\nreally don't want too.\n\nSometimes I get so angry I want to bash my own head in to make it stop. I do\ntry to talk about it, or explain it but it's so much it's hard for me to even\ntry to put it in words.\n\nI really don't know how to fix it, almost every little thing makes me angry\nand it's effects my life and the people around me.\n\nIf anybody has any advice, I would be thankful. I just don't want this\nanymore.\n\n * Leann\n\nMay 1, 2013\n\nIdk i might just be weird haha\n\nOkay, im 13 people say i have a fine life and i should stop being a wh*re\nabout it, when i try talking to my friend she just starts saying how lucky i\nam and how retarted her life is! And idk ahhah well once and a while i cut my\nself- but i have only done 20 and only 4 in the last 2 months - idk why i do\nahah but sometimes i get mad like a kick a wall and lay on the ground or\nsomething and start cryin and yelling when nobody is around- idk hahahah i\nguess some people might say im just a stupid little worred attention wh*re LOL\nahhaha and idk why- but i freek out when my frien hangs out with other people\nw.e lol idek now im just babbleing okay please e-mail me amd help if yoy can\nahhaha\n\n * carly\n\nMay 10, 2013\n\nextreme anger\n\nOkay Well first of all I am 13 and I have a a very troubled life. My dad was\nabusive to me my siblings and mom. I have gotten to where my anger goes to\nfar. It's mail because of my dad that I act the way I do but it is getting\nserious. I have been to a therapist for this but I don't like taking face to\nface with a stranger for I am very shy. But my sister who is older makes me\nangry. My grandparents take care of us and they have very little money yet\nthey or should I say my grandmother gets her whatever she wants and I get\nnothing. It's not the fact I don't get anything it is that they have no money\nand when she asks for something she gets it when I ask for my boyfriend to\ncome over my sister is saying we don't have the gas money yet she gets\neverything. My anger gets to te point where I have held a pillow over my face\npreventing me to breath and passing out. I hit my self I am rude to others and\nI cry until my eyes are pink and puffy. I am afraid one day I will kill my\nself. I can't control my anger. And I don't know what to do.\n\n * Happy Massacre\n\nMay 16, 2013\n\nMy anger issue\n\nWell, where to begin? I'm almost 14, I was recently kicked out of my home to\nlive with my Dad, Grandma, and Uncle. My little sisters were booted too. My\nmom chose her stupid one-eyed bf over us. She called me, called me a wh*re, a\nc*nt, a sl*t, and informed me that she didn't think she could look at my b*tch\nface without smashing it. I'm going to a different school. I have an unearned\nreputation for being a super mega sl*t. I cut, and I'm mean to everyone in my\nfamily. I cuss out kids at school, and I'm always p*ssed off. I need help, I\nknow I do, I'm just too afraid to ask.\n\n * andy\n\nJun 9, 2013\n\nI like it\n\nhi i read what people post and understand it : low self esteem and losing\nfriends but when am angry i feel so alive and like i sometimes want to kill\npeople.By the way am 14 from the caribbean.my anger happened because to many\npeople took advantage of me and a boy tried to touch me.On that day i got my\ntemper. i worked out and my temper grew the stronger i got but dont worry am\nnot some muscle bond freak.i usually keep my anger in until that one unlucky\nguy trips me. if any one reads this dont let some punk make you cut yourself\nor doubt yourself your great just the way you are. be like a river water is\none of the softest things in the world yet it flows over rock.\n\n * Anon\n\nJun 27, 2013\n\nDo I have anger issues?\n\nHi everyone It seems that I get angry of the littlest of things. I get angry\nover playing FIFA, not being able to fall asleep and just general annoying\nthings like a late school bus. When I do get angry I often curse a higher\nauthority (I always take it back) and sometimes punch and thump things in\nanger. I also notice it's only from frustration of not being able to do\nthings, I have an older brother who likes to annoy me a lot but I never curse\nthen and I rarely get into fights with him, we just argue. My dad left home\nnearly 3 years ago now so I'm wondering if that would have anything to do with\nit? Please Help Me? :(\n\n * sravanthi\n\nJul 2, 2013\n\nmental health\n\nwhen iam become angry simply i fight with my parent when person are not\nidentifing me then ,i react it i will throw pillow and e.t.c all are avoiding\nme\n\n * Rachel\n\nJul 8, 2013\n\nhelp\n\ni get angry over eveeything and anything i hit out at my bf n flip i get that\nmad i wanna just hurt myself and bf for no reason my heart rate goes fast i\njust see black and cant control mysrlf ive been on every anti depressent n\ndoednt help im impulsive aswell .. i scare my self cos i want a better life i\nargue everyday im like a spoil child i dont want to lose him .. deep breathing\nwriting it down etc u name it i behond help :(\n\n * Pete\n\nAug 7, 2013\n\nWorking out helps\n\nSince I was a kid I would get mad at the sillest things and would usually take\nit out on myself or a door. I am twenty four now and have gone through years\nof depression and silly anger spells , I got sick of it and decided to find an\noutlet for my anger.\n\nI started doing combat sports Thai boxing to be exact and the intensity I get\nfrom the training sessions relieve me of all pent of frustration I get . I\nstill snap and get mad but I am better at catching myself at these times. Eveb\ngot a punching bag at home so if I do still feel the urge to punch something ,\nI won't have to replace any doors or seal up any walls like an idiot.\n\nIt is not in our nature to work in the same place forty hours a week with the\nstress of bills and family. Thats why you feel great after completing a hard\ntask . Anyways I am only young still as a male just feel especially for men\nthat there is something in us that urges us to put ourselves through some hard\nshit other then the daily grind of working.\n\nI am not saying that it will subside subside your anger completley if it had I\nwouldn't have had to look up this article for advice on anger , but it helps.\n\n * BH\n\nAug 15, 2013\n\nWeird occurance\n\nI used to have terrible anger problems growing up. I have sinced worked\nthrough them and can control myself, except when my little brother starts\nrunning his mouth. I have the worst thoughts and have even tried choking him.\nI have told him I'll kill him. usually we get along well but when we fight, I\njust want to punch his face in. I don't understand why this one person pisses\nme off to the point of almost becoming a criminal.\n\n * Ben\n\nAug 15, 2013\n\nAnger\n\nWhen I get angry it can be over the most silliest things like tripping over\nsomething or someone annoying me my heart rate gets faster and I start to cry\nwhich makes people taunt me even more which makes me get real angry and I am\nafraid of what I can do because I have had thoughts of attacking people or\neven hurting myself. It is not just the silly things like those throat I get\nmad about because I have also found that if I see someone fighting in a movie,\nvideo or in real life I just feel a really strong urge to join in and I get so\nangry that I clench my fists and my jaw till it hurts\n\n * Maddie\n\nAug 26, 2013\n\nAnger Attacks\n\nI am 15 and moving to Germany tomorrow because my dad is in the military, so\nwe move around alot. my mom suffers from bad anxiety and has been on meds ever\nsince her panic attack when my dad deployed. She keeps telling me that it runs\nin the family and it will catch up with me. I can tell that i have anxiety\nproblems. For example, i refuse to takd any kind of medicine because i am\nafraid of choking no matter how hard i try to swallow, the pill literally wont\ngo down. And ever since i started high school, i find my self being angry all\nthe time and it doesnt take much to get me violent. I get these anger attacks\neither when im frustrated (ex: cant make the bed or cant find something) or\nwhen im arguing with my mom. My mom gets really loud and mean when we argue\nand im not allowed to even raise my voice without getting slapped. i try to\nwalk away and go to my room, but she doesnt let me. And its torture. I dont\nthink she understands just how angry i get. I havent told my parents about my\nanger attacks, so they dont understand.\n\nWhen i have my anger attacks i dont calm down until i destroy something or\nhurt myself by kicking a wall, etc. the remorse of breaking something usually\nbrings me back because i realize what ive done and i feel ashamed. Pain also\nbrings me back. Ive never intentionally hurt myself and dont plan on but\naccidentally hurting myself in the rage brings me back because i focuse on\nthat. the colser we get to moving the more angry i feel. Its gotten to the\npoint where i can sort of control it by writing in a journal, but i just had\nanother attack in our hotel when i was alone and almost broke my glasses. I\ndont know what the purpose of me writing this is. Maybe just to share with\nsomeone how i feel. Any advice is welcome and appreciated.\n\n * Jess\n\nOct 22, 2013\n\nAxiaxty , breaking , anger management\n\nWhenever I get angry I tend to break things (attempt to). When I do this and\nI'm angry it's like a whole other me becomes a person. I think my whole other\nperson (let's call then Emily) thinks that breaking things will make the\nperson that upset me angry too. (ex: I threw my brothers iPad at him because i\nthought it would hurt him) Emily (the other mthe hires to take jess over and I\nhate it. As I also have OCD it doesn't help at all with my anxiety problems. I\ncan't eat with cutlery that has been in the bottom of the draw and if a glass\nhas a spec on it, I would rather not have a drink. I self harm and get\ncritasisum from people at school.\n\nhid you have the same problem please contact me\n\n * Matthew\n\nAug 9, 2014\n\nAnger and rage\n\nI'm a forty eight year old male who was stalked in the past by my wife's ex-\nhusband and in turn had many of my personal things sabotaged and attempts on\nmy life. My wife has children with him and I have to interact with them on a\ndaily basis. It seems that when I hear them mention him in casual conversation\nthat I start to build up with extreme anger and I have no patience whatsoever\nfor anyone. For example, went to dental appointment and I was waiting forty\nextra min for they were backed up. Every person that I looked at Made me\nextremely frustrated and angry. I left and slammed the door got into my car\nand drove like a madman thru traffic. I was screaming at the top of my lungs\njust to release this anger but found no relief I couldn't get myself out of\nthis psychotic rant no matter what I did. I stewed all day in anger and only\nfound relief in a bottle. Now I'm fine but have a slight hangover. But, I feel\nbetter and am writing this for I know I have a problem. Anyone know f any\npstchotherapists in the Denver metro that take medicaid.\n\n * anna\n\nSep 2, 2014\n\nanger\n\nI'm 13 almost fourteen my mom is bipolar and has not been the best mom. We get\nin arguments everyday she cusses me out puts me down whatever she has to do to\nmake me feel bad. She terrifies me honestly but I've put up walls and then it\nturns into anger I've done many things to let it out cutting screaming reading\npunching things but she always comes back and makes it worse. And she always\nlies to my dad on how bad I am which makes me want to kill myself bcuz he\nbelieves her. I need this to stop I don't know what to do about my anger she\njust upsets me so much.\n\n * Isabella\n\nNov 11, 2014\n\nAnna\n\nIn response to Anna's comment, I just want to say that, while I can't imagine\nhow it feels to have a mother who treats you that way, I do know how it feels\nbe so full of frustration/anger that all you want to do is cut yourself or\nfantasize about dying.\n\nI also have a mentally ill mother, but she usually gave me the silent\ntreatment, which was quite confusing and painful. Your mother may be ill, but\nthat does not give her the right to abuse you emotionally. Unfortunately, it\nsounds like she is very ill-equipped to give you the nurturing all of us need\nfrom our parents, but that does not mean that you have to put up with it all\nby yourself.\n\nI don't know how easy it is for you to access public services, but many cities\nhave confidential resources for teens to seek help without the authorization\nof a parent. If something like this is not an option, then you can always use\nthis resorce here:\n\nhttp://www.suicide.org/teen-suicide-and-youth-suicide.html\n\nIt has a variety of phone numbers and is not strictly for if you feel\nsuicidal, so call them if you just need to talk as well:\n\n1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255)\n\nPlease forgive me if you've been told these things before.\n\nI am a 30 year old woman currently studying developmental psychology and am\ninvestigating parental abuse and it's impacts on children and I found your\npost heartbreaking. Please don't ever think you are alone with this burden.\nThere are lots of people who would be more than willing to help, even if it's\njust to listen.\n\n * Josh\n\nDec 12, 2014\n\nRage\n\nMe and my brother have neer seen eye to eye. Mostly because our personalities\nare both similar and yet so far apart. For instance, we both like video games\nbut ridicule the other on the types of games we play, we like sports but he\nprefers football (soccer) and I like basketball. After our parents split up we\nboth ended up on the opposite sides of the confict, me with my mother him with\nmy father. My sister, who'm is the middle child is also more on my mothers\nside but she's nutural. My father fed him lies about my mother and grandmother\nwhilst my mother never said anything incriminating about my father other than\ncalling him an a**hole (which I believe).\n\nSince now my mother has remarried and her new husband didn't have a big enough\nhouse I was made to live with my grandparents. The only problem is my brother\ncomes down from my fathers to stay over for the weekend every other weekend.\nWe've always fought, shouted and swore at each other to no end with the\noccasional fists and tackles into the other.\n\nAnyways one such weekend my dad wouldn't get a taxi together for my brother to\nbe dropped down so I had to call my brother for his adress so the taxi could\npick him up. He went into a b**ch-fit about how 'he shouldn't be doing this'\nand that my mam never does anything to help. Which is bullsh*t considering\nthat she's been running him back and forth from her house, my grandparents and\nmy fathers since they split.\n\nAt that point I lost my cool once more and called him the one word my\ngrandmother does NOT like to hear under any circumstances. Needless to say, me\nand my brother were very loud when he got in. He made a nsarky comment, I\nmentioned his tiny member and we ended up with me ontop beating the living\ncrap out of him. The thing is, I have friends who'm I joke around with about\nnames and such and it never bothers me, not even when I was being called such\nnames by people with malicious intent. But the second I hear it out of my\nbrother I just want him dead.\n\nI wish I didn't feel this way, but with the way he acts I'm either going to\nend up in prison or just comepletely isolating myself from my family if he\ncontinues to be around me.\n\n * Sabrina\n\nDec 29, 2014\n\nbipolar or just severe anger problems?\n\nSo i have a extremely short temper, i can switch moods from being happy to\nangry in the matter of a few seconds or sad and upset to happy. I will find\nmyself in a bad mood or extremely angry for no apparent reason what so ever!\nMy dad has a very bad temper as well and I think thats where i get it from. At\nschool i got in trouble for flipping a desk at my teacher because she was\nyelling at me in third grade, I get in trouble for yelling back at teachers\nand 3 of my teachers admitted that they were scared of me. I would fight alot,\nand cuss and i dont know whats going to happen next! My mom put me in boiling\npoint classes in first grade and i tend to hold alot of anger towards people\nwho have done me wrong. I play soccer and basketball and tend to get very\nemotionally involved in the game and tend to push them back or throw hands and\nget into fights on the field or court. So I dont know whats wrong, could\nanybody give me a hint or a clue on what problems i have? Anything i can do to\nimprove these problems or not be so angry? Any advice would be very much\nappreciated!\n\n * Mel\n\nJan 24, 2015\n\nAnger, rage, anxiety, verbal abuse, family!\n\nI'm Melanie, I have the worse temper and so does my boyfrien/father of my\nchild. We argue and a word will set the whole thing off I will begin to talk\nfast louder than find myself screaming, I begin to cry while he's yelling and\nour 1 year old daughter is just watching scared crying i feel her sometimes\npulling on me to get my attention but at that moment I'm so angry I could\nalmost hit my boyfriend I throw things he yells he's aggessive, I cant take it\nany more i don't know this could be I've never been so angry with anyone\nbefore the way my boyfriend makes me I want to be a family but Im afraid I'll\nkill myself or him ! And for ever damage my baby girl mentally but she's the\nonly one that calms me down before it gets to crazy I turn and look at her and\nsee how scared she is almost makes me angrier at her dad for getting me to\nthat point of anger that our own daughter is scared of what's happening ! I\nwant to leave him but we can be good most days but when the fights come they\ncome hard and i know we both have anger but how could I control this anxiety\nanger rage yelling screaming especially crying !!? Help !\n\n * Brianna\n\nFeb 4, 2015\n\nAnger issues\n\ntheir are times when I get so angry that I start crying.I want to kill someone\nand rip their head off.I think of violent things to do.I start making a fuss\nout of tiny things.I get frustrated and then I just break down into a verge of\ntears.Wht shall I do!\n\n * Savannah\n\nFeb 8, 2015\n\nLashing out too much. angry depressed and worried all the time\n\nIm almost 22. I have been angry ever since i could remember. Even as a toddler\ni remember being angry and depressed about my situation and environment i was\nput in. My father was an abusive drug addict. My mother was with a full blown\nalcohol growing up. Which he mentally and physically abused both of us. I\nmoved around quite a few times and finally landed back in florida when i was\nfifteen. Ever since all the unfortunate events have happened leading to that\npoint 2009 i had multiple panic attacks and several suicide attempts. I am\nvery angry. I took meds like prozac and lithium and seroquel. You name it i\ntried it. The only thing that worked was wellbutrin. But after sort of\nbouncing back to somewhat functional i dropped all medication and stopped\nseeing my psychologist. I thought that my anger and anxiety had been all in my\nhead.. that i didnt need medicine to cope with the struggle of life. But it's\nbeen almost 4 years since I've been on medicine. A lot of horrible things\ncontinue to happen. I lost my brother. My dad diagnosed with lung cancer. I\ncould go on and on about all the continuous bad things that keep happening,\nthat make me so f****g mad, ive been experiencing black outs im getting so\nupset. Ive been trying to pray alot. And i just dont know if it helping.\nBecuase i need something tangible. I just don't know what my next move is. I'm\njobless, broke, or the verge of possibly not having a home to stay in .. where\ndo i go? I can't go to the closest mental health clinic because i used to work\nthere! :( and that's embarrassing. What medicine do i need? Whats my next step\nto prevent me from hurting myself or other people. Mentally and physically.\nPlease help. :/\n\n * Ann\n\nFeb 13, 2015\n\nAnger Sadness Anxiety\n\nI have many situtations i could share throughout my life, so ill just share\nwith you the most recent.\n\nI am a 26 year old female, i have been dealing with anxiety depression and\nanger outbursts for a long time, since i was a child. Through the years i have\nlearned to cope a little better on my own by simply trying to ignore things.\nIt used to be at the point when i would get angry or stressed and someone was\nstill yelling at me (not in a public place) i would scratch at myself trying\nto let the hurt out into pain, ide pull my hair and throw myself onto the\nground like a child and this happened til around 20 years.\n\nAs i have gotten a little older and a little more wise i turn my anxiety and\nanger into crying. Heres the most recent situation that actually got me let go\nfrom my job.\n\nI worked in a cup factory assembling and welding plastic cups with machines.\nWe work in groups and we are rotated throughout the night, groups of 2 to 3 at\nmost. They put me with a boy who was very buligerant and kept making sexual\ncomments about my butt. I had asked several times not to be placed with him\nnot only for that reason but because he didnt care about the quality of our\nproduction. (i take my jobs very seriously, that could be a contibuting factor\nas well.) I was only at said place for a month, the younger man had been there\natleast a month longer than i. So by that time, since i knew where everything\nwas for materials he should too. In fact he knew where stuff was he just\nplayed stupid with me almost as if he were trying to get a rise out of me for\nsome sick reason. I was trying to set up my line and he was to get the\nmaterials. he kept askin where they were, duh, the 'in' line lol. i tried to\nmake it a joke let it roll off cuz i know hes not that stupid. About 5 mins\nlater i still dont have my parts to start running, at this point im pissed. I\nstarted to storm over to get them myself when i met our quality assurance lady\nbringing the pallet over. I told her a little teary now (cuz im embarassed she\nhad to get our things) that i cant work with this kid cuz he never does\nanything, theres a lack of communication between us as well. She almost\nscreamed at me scowling in disaproval I CAN SEE THAT! after being yelled at\nfor something that was not my fault i was shaken up. We got the line moving i\nwas welding and he was inpecting/ whickering (taking the plastic shreds off\nthe edge so you dont cut your lips). Its pretty hard to whicker some times it\ntears up your nails and dulls the tool they give you, he was half a**ed\nrunning his fingers around the cups without looking then throwing them into\nthe box. When we work together our time clock number goes on the product, i\ndidnt want credit for the poor products he was passing for packing. I was\ngetting teary eyed again, cuz i didnt want to lose my job over this ass who\ndoesnt give a crap about his work. My room mates had told me that if i lose\nthis job i have to move. I have a yr and a half old son and no where else to\ngo right away. Anyways, i went to a supervisor and i was flustered i told her\nthe situation. all she did was rub my back telling me to breath, it made\npeople stare, when they didnt notice anything else that had gone on before.\nshe just kept rubbing at me even when i told her i didnt want her too i just\nwanted her to tell him to work right. After break i was put on a machine doing\nlids by myself. The same supervisor came over to me once again asking Are you\nok? how you feeling? I said fine! i was happy by myself and away from the\nboy.( no sarcasm or anything i really was happy and fine :D) And this is where\ni wanted to hit her but i didnt i just ignored her almost mocking me... she\nrubbed my back again and told me to breath.... when i was completely fine and\nhappy. ( keep in mind this is a chick about my own age.) I ended up being\ncalled by my staffing agency they said that me crying was an emotional\ndisturbance and that they dont have time for people like that there. I was so\npissed. There a few printers very upset and the other quality assurance lady\nwho loved me said it was bullshi* lol. Its bullsh*t cuz the supervisor that\nmade me get let go had cried and thrown tantrums herself dozens of times and\nshes still there....\n\nMy fiance was upset, not just at me but at the companys ignorance. \" we dont\nhave time for people with your kinds of problems here...\" Thats kind of messed\nup dont you think????? My fiance told me, i wish out of everything else you do\nwell that you could handle not crying. It seems like it wrecks my life... i\nmean whos ever heard of getting fired for crying. It wasnt loud i didnt scream\nor throw anything or hurt anyone. The supervisor was the one being loud with\nher mocking its ok, breath and rubbing my back, of course people are going to\nstare at that...If anyone else has had similar experience, or can tell me how\nto cope without medication please reach out to me...\n\nThank you...\n\nPick a Rehab\n\nAlabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware\nFlorida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana\nMaine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana\nNebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina\nNorth Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina\nSouth Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia\nWisconsin Wyoming\n\nViewing Topic\n\n * Wellness And Personal Development\n\n * Anger Management\n * Emotional Resilience\n * Exercise\n * Mindfulness\n * Smoking\n * Stress Reduction And Management\n * Weight Loss\n\nAnger Management Resources\n\nBasic Information\n\n * Introduction To Anger And Its Costs\n\n * Introduction\n * What Is Anger?\n * Psychological Perspective\n * Physiological Causes\n * Fear Vs Anger\n * Learned Response Theory\n * Motivational Effects\n * Health Costs\n * Social Costs\n * Deciding To Manage Anger\n\n * Gaining Control\n * Recognizing Signs\n * Rage Ratings\n * Anger Diary\n * Anger Management Techniques & Treatments\n\n * Relaxation\n * Reality Testing\n * How To Stay Cool\n * Assertive Communication\n * Making Requests\n * Summary\n * Programs\n * Benefiting From A Program\n * Make A Contract\n * Steps For Self-Examination\n * Mandated Treatments\n * Handling Relapse\n * Suggested Readings\n\n * Additional Help\n\nMore Information\n\n * Aggression\n * Apology For Anger Management\n * Anger & Social Media\n * Why Is Anger A Problem?\n * Cardiac Heart Disease & Anger\n * Creating A Peaceful Holiday For Family\n * Can Exercise Reduce Anger?\n * Forgiving Dad\n\nQuestions & Answers\n\n * Angry All The Time\n * Do You Know What's Wrong With Me?\n * Getting Married, Stepsons With Awful Tempers\n * Intrusive Thoughts?\n * I Have This Issue\n * Does Romance Lead To Aggression?\n * Why Do I Feel Like Everyone Is Trying To Upset Me?\n * Preventing Unwarranted Conflict\n * He Says I'm Ignorant , Being A Moron\n * Frequently Snapping Over Little Things!\n * Guidance To Help My Son Deal With His Violent Rages\n * Please Help Me Out\n * I Desperately Want To Make This Work\n * Help!\n * Advice\n * Anger\n * Dealing With Bipolar Dsorder\n * Does An Old Brain Injury Contribute To Anger Management Problems?\n * Dont Understand Me\n * Three Different Personality Disorders\n * My Younger Brother Is Having Spells Of Rage\n * Violent Brother\n * I Get Violent\n * Anger Management\n * Angry At My Doctor For Prescribing So Carelessly\n * I Become Very Hostile Towards Myself\n * Misdiagnosed And Lied To\n * Living In Fear Of The Next Outburst\n * A Very Bad Temper\n * Angry But Over-Controlled\n * Angry Friend\n * Argumentative\n * Inner Rage\n * Screaming And Cursing Husband\n * Are These Just Mood Swings\n * Explosive Anger\n * Chaotic Family Life\n * Temper Problems\n * Ruining The Best Relationships\n * A VIOLENT MARRIAGE\n * Jekyll & Hyde\n * My Dad The Dictator\n * Violent Behavior\n\nBlog Entries\n\n * Parenting, Spanking And Later Aggression\n * Do Violent Criminals \"Turn\" Violent, Or Do They Just Stay That Way?\n * Holidays And Family Conflict\n * Two Powerful Ways To Reduce Emotional Arousal\n * Of Mountains And Molehills And Worry\n * The Psychology Of Road Rage\n * Relationships And The Role Of Mutual Blame\n * Got Anger? Don't Manage It.\n * When Getting Angry Is Smart\n * Turning Anger Into Advocacy\n * Provocation, Anger And Reaction\n * Why Are People In Such A Hurry?\n * The Impact Of Stress And Anger\n * Do We Need Enemies?\n * We Love To Hate The Bully\n * The Frustration Of Waiting\n * When You Are Angry At Your Therapist\n * Anger Throughout The Generations\n * Sex, Violence, Rage, Passion: \"Being Human.\"\n * Stress, Emotions And Body Response\n * Much Ado About Something\n * The Case Of The Wayword Flight Attendant\n * The Link Between Anger And Stress\n * Anger May Be A Symptom Of Your Beliefs\n * Anger May Stem From Alcohol And Other Drugs\n * Anger Is Like An Iceberg\n * Do Disrespectful People Make You Angry?\n * Managing Anger And Emotional Stressors Could Save Your Life\n * Rage And Its Consequences\n * Men And Anger And Heart Disease Revisited\n * Forgiveness\n * Non Verbal Communication\n * Bipolar Kids See Aggression When It Isn't There\n\nLatest News\n\n * Employees Often Angry Over After-Work Texts, Emails\n * After Blowing Their Stack, a Heart Attack\n * Study Shows How Toddlers Adjust to Adult Anger\n * Health Tip: Controlling Anger\n * Study Probes Causes of Anger in Returning U.S. Soldiers\n\nRelated Topics\n\n * Abuse\n * Depression: Major Depression & Unipolar Varieties\n\nFeatured Disorders & Issues\n\n * Addictions\n\n * What Is Addiction?\n * Signs, Symptoms, & Effects Of Addiction\n * What Causes Addiction?\n * Mental Health, Dual-Diagnosis, & Behavioral Addictions\n * Addiction Treatment\n * Addiction Recovery\n * Information On Specific Drugs\n * Mental Disorders\n\n * Autism\n * ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder\n * Anxiety Disorders\n * Bipolar Disorder\n * Depression: Major Depression & Unipolar Varieties\n * Childhood Mental Disorders And Illnesses\n * Eating Disorders\n * Dissociative Disorders\n * Impulse Control Disorders\n * Internet Addiction And Media Issues\n * Intellectual Disabilities\n * Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders\n * Personality Disorders\n * Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder\n * Schizophrenia\n * Sexual Disorders\n * Somatic Symptom And Related Disorders\n * Suicide\n * Tourettes And Other Tic Disorders\n * Medical Disorders\n\n * Alzheimers Disease And Other Cognitive Disorders\n * Cancer\n * Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease\n * Colds And Flu\n * Crohns Disease / Irritable Bowel\n * Diabetes\n * Epilepsy\n * Heart Disease\n * High Blood Pressure\n * Memory Problems\n * Men's Health\n * Multiple Sclerosis\n * Sexually Transmitted Diseases\n * Sleep Disorders\n * Stroke\n * Women's Health\n * Life Issues\n\n * Abuse\n * Adoption\n * Dating\n * Disabilities\n * Disasters\n * Divorce\n * Domestic Violence And Rape\n * Elder Care\n * Family & Relationship Issues\n * Grief & Bereavement Issues\n * Pain Management\n * Relationship Problems\n * Self Esteem\n * Speech Problems\n * Terrorism & War\n * Healthcare\n\n * Health Insurance\n * Health Policy & Advocacy\n * Health Sciences\n * Mental Health Professions\n * Treatments & Interventions\n\n * Alternative Mental Health Medicine\n * Medications\n * Psychological Testing\n * Psychotherapy\n * Lifespan Development\n\n * Pregnancy\n * Child Development And Parenting: Infants\n * Child Development And Parenting: Early Childhood\n * Sexuality & Sexual Problems\n * Homosexuality & Bisexuality\n * Aging & Geriatrics\n * Death & Dying\n\nNeed Addiction Treatment?\n\nFind top rehab centers and providers nationwide:\n\nCopyright © 1995-2015 CenterSite, LLC, All rights reserved. Copyright © 2016\nMentalHelp.net, All rights reserved.\n\n * Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming\n\n * Contact Us\n * Terms of Service\n * Privacy Policy\n\n## Ad ─ Info & Options\n\nYour call today will be answered by one of our paid sponsors.\n\nAdditionally, MentalHelp.net hosts a comprehensive Addiction Treatment\nDirectory so that you can view and contact any treatment facility directly\nwithin the U.S., whether they are sponsors or not.\n\nFor an extensive list of local and national treatment providers, both for-\nprofit and non-profit, you may also visit www.SAMHSA.gov We recommend\nreviewing providers' accreditation with www.NAATP.org and\nwww.jointcommission.org.\n\nFor more information about MentalHelp.net, visit our about page or contact us.\n\nWait, did you know that...\n\nMany addiction experts suggest that by removing yourself from your typical\nenvironment, and your “triggers”, it becomes easier to get and stay sober.\nWith that in mind, would you like to learn about some of the best options for\ntreatment in the country?\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-By-the-Numbers", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200414134845/https://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-By-the-Numbers", "parsed_text": { "title": "NAMI: National Alliance on Mental Illness", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Mental Health By the Numbers | NAMI: National Alliance on Mental Illness\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/01/eight-weeks-to-a-better-brain/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507010112/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2011/01/eight-weeks-to-a-better-brain/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Eight weeks to a better brain – Harvard Gazette", "passages": [ "\"Although the practice of meditation is associated with a sense of peacefulness and physical relaxation, practitioners have long claimed that meditation also provides cognitive and psychological benefits that persist throughout the day,\" says study senior author Sara Lazar.", "Participating in an eight-week mindfulness meditation program appears to make measurable changes in brain regions associated with memory, sense of self, empathy, and stress. In a study that will appear in the Jan. 30 issue of Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, a team led by Harvard-affiliated researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) reported the results of their study, the first to document meditation-produced changes over time in the brain’s gray matter.", "“Although the practice of meditation is associated with a sense of peacefulness and physical relaxation, practitioners have long claimed that meditation also provides cognitive and psychological benefits that persist throughout the day,” says study senior author Sara Lazar of the MGH Psychiatric Neuroimaging Research Program and a Harvard Medical School instructor in psychology. “This study demonstrates that changes in brain structure may underlie some of these reported improvements and that people are not just feeling better because they are spending time relaxing.”", "Previous studies from Lazar’s group and others found structural differences between the brains of experienced meditation practitioners and individuals with no history of meditation, observing thickening of the cerebral cortex in areas associated with attention and emotional integration. But those investigations could not document that those differences were actually produced by meditation.", "For the current study, magnetic resonance (MR) images were taken of the brain structure of 16 study participants two weeks before and after they took part in the eight-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Program at the University of Massachusetts Center for Mindfulness. In addition to weekly meetings that included practice of mindfulness meditation — which focuses on nonjudgmental awareness of sensations, feelings, and state of mind — participants received audio recordings for guided meditation practice and were asked to keep track of how much time they practiced each day. A set of MR brain images was also taken of a control group of nonmeditators over a similar time interval.", "Meditation group participants reported spending an average of 27 minutes each day practicing mindfulness exercises, and their responses to a mindfulness questionnaire indicated significant improvements compared with pre- participation responses. The analysis of MR images, which focused on areas where meditation-associated differences were seen in earlier studies, found increased gray-matter density in the hippocampus, known to be important for learning and memory, and in structures associated with self-awareness, compassion, and introspection.", "Participant-reported reductions in stress also were correlated with decreased gray-matter density in the amygdala, which is known to play an important role in anxiety and stress. Although no change was seen in a self-awareness- associated structure called the insula, which had been identified in earlier studies, the authors suggest that longer-term meditation practice might be needed to produce changes in that area. None of these changes were seen in the control group, indicating that they had not resulted merely from the passage of time.", "“It is fascinating to see the brain’s plasticity and that, by practicing meditation, we can play an active role in changing the brain and can increase our well-being and quality of life,” says Britta Hölzel, first author of the paper and a research fellow at MGH and Giessen University in Germany. “Other studies in different patient populations have shown that meditation can make significant improvements in a variety of symptoms, and we are now investigating the underlying mechanisms in the brain that facilitate this change.”", "Amishi Jha, a University of Miami neuroscientist who investigates mindfulness- training’s effects on individuals in high-stress situations, says, “These results shed light on the mechanisms of action of mindfulness-based training. They demonstrate that the first-person experience of stress can not only be reduced with an eight-week mindfulness training program but that this experiential change corresponds with structural changes in the amygdala, a finding that opens doors to many possibilities for further research on MBSR’s potential to protect against stress-related disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder.” Jha was not one of the study investigators.", "James Carmody of the Center for Mindfulness at University of Massachusetts Medical School is one of the co-authors of the study, which was supported by the National Institutes of Health, the British Broadcasting Company, and the Mind and Life Institute. For more information on the work of Lazar’s team.", "Arnold Arboretum Director William “Ned” Friedman said scientific discovery requires more than just an idea: \"Darwin had the ability to convince others of the correctness of the idea.\"" ] }, "parsed_md": "Eight weeks to a better brain – Harvard Gazette\n\nSkip to content\n\n# The Harvard Gazette\n\n# The Harvard Gazette\n\n#### Eight weeks to a better brain\n\n### What made Darwin first\n\n### Health & Medicine\n\n# Eight weeks to a better brain\n\n### Health & Medicine\n\n# Eight weeks to a better brain\n\n\"Although the practice of meditation is associated with a sense of\npeacefulness and physical relaxation, practitioners have long claimed that\nmeditation also provides cognitive and psychological benefits that persist\nthroughout the day,\" says study senior author Sara Lazar.\n\nCredit: pexels.com\n\n## Meditation study shows changes associated with awareness, stress\n\nBy Sue McGreevey MGH Communications\n\nDateJanuary 21, 2011September 12, 2019\n\nShare\n\n * Email\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n\n#### Trending\n\n 1. ## Why some die, some survive when equally ill from COVID-19\n\n 2. ## Hoop-la\n\n 3. ## COVID-19 vaccine protects mothers — and their newborns\n\n 4. ## A pandemic that endures for COVID long-haulers\n\n 5. ## Antarctic Ice Sheet melting to lift sea level higher than thought, study says\n\nParticipating in an eight-week mindfulness meditation program appears to make\nmeasurable changes in brain regions associated with memory, sense of self,\nempathy, and stress. In a study that will appear in the Jan. 30 issue of\nPsychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, a team led by Harvard-affiliated\nresearchers at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) reported the results of\ntheir study, the first to document meditation-produced changes over time in\nthe brain’s gray matter.\n\n“Although the practice of meditation is associated with a sense of\npeacefulness and physical relaxation, practitioners have long claimed that\nmeditation also provides cognitive and psychological benefits that persist\nthroughout the day,” says study senior author Sara Lazar of the MGH\nPsychiatric Neuroimaging Research Program and a Harvard Medical School\ninstructor in psychology. “This study demonstrates that changes in brain\nstructure may underlie some of these reported improvements and that people are\nnot just feeling better because they are spending time relaxing.”\n\nPrevious studies from Lazar’s group and others found structural differences\nbetween the brains of experienced meditation practitioners and individuals\nwith no history of meditation, observing thickening of the cerebral cortex in\nareas associated with attention and emotional integration. But those\ninvestigations could not document that those differences were actually\nproduced by meditation.\n\nFor the current study, magnetic resonance (MR) images were taken of the brain\nstructure of 16 study participants two weeks before and after they took part\nin the eight-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Program at the\nUniversity of Massachusetts Center for Mindfulness. In addition to weekly\nmeetings that included practice of mindfulness meditation — which focuses on\nnonjudgmental awareness of sensations, feelings, and state of mind —\nparticipants received audio recordings for guided meditation practice and were\nasked to keep track of how much time they practiced each day. A set of MR\nbrain images was also taken of a control group of nonmeditators over a similar\ntime interval.\n\n### The Daily Gazette\n\nSign up for daily emails to get the latest Harvard news.\n\nMeditation group participants reported spending an average of 27 minutes each\nday practicing mindfulness exercises, and their responses to a mindfulness\nquestionnaire indicated significant improvements compared with pre-\nparticipation responses. The analysis of MR images, which focused on areas\nwhere meditation-associated differences were seen in earlier studies, found\nincreased gray-matter density in the hippocampus, known to be important for\nlearning and memory, and in structures associated with self-awareness,\ncompassion, and introspection.\n\nParticipant-reported reductions in stress also were correlated with decreased\ngray-matter density in the amygdala, which is known to play an important role\nin anxiety and stress. Although no change was seen in a self-awareness-\nassociated structure called the insula, which had been identified in earlier\nstudies, the authors suggest that longer-term meditation practice might be\nneeded to produce changes in that area. None of these changes were seen in the\ncontrol group, indicating that they had not resulted merely from the passage\nof time.\n\n“It is fascinating to see the brain’s plasticity and that, by practicing\nmeditation, we can play an active role in changing the brain and can increase\nour well-being and quality of life,” says Britta Hölzel, first author of the\npaper and a research fellow at MGH and Giessen University in Germany. “Other\nstudies in different patient populations have shown that meditation can make\nsignificant improvements in a variety of symptoms, and we are now\ninvestigating the underlying mechanisms in the brain that facilitate this\nchange.”\n\nAmishi Jha, a University of Miami neuroscientist who investigates mindfulness-\ntraining’s effects on individuals in high-stress situations, says, “These\nresults shed light on the mechanisms of action of mindfulness-based training.\nThey demonstrate that the first-person experience of stress can not only be\nreduced with an eight-week mindfulness training program but that this\nexperiential change corresponds with structural changes in the amygdala, a\nfinding that opens doors to many possibilities for further research on MBSR’s\npotential to protect against stress-related disorders, such as post-traumatic\nstress disorder.” Jha was not one of the study investigators.\n\nJames Carmody of the Center for Mindfulness at University of Massachusetts\nMedical School is one of the co-authors of the study, which was supported by\nthe National Institutes of Health, the British Broadcasting Company, and the\nMind and Life Institute. For more information on the work of Lazar’s team.\n\n### Editor's Picks\n\n### World\n\n## How to get people to talk to one another again?\n\nJane Mansbridge offers a solution to mending a riven democracy\n\n### Science\n\n## Why some die, some survive when equally ill from COVID-19\n\nTeam of researchers identify protein ‘signature’ of severe COVID-19 cases\n\n### Campus\n\n## Cellist finds creative side to physics\n\nDanielle Davis discovers how electrical engineering fits into her future\n\n#### Trending\n\n 1. ## Why some die, some survive when equally ill from COVID-19\n\n 2. ## Hoop-la\n\n 3. ## COVID-19 vaccine protects mothers — and their newborns\n\n 4. ## A pandemic that endures for COVID long-haulers\n\n 5. ## Antarctic Ice Sheet melting to lift sea level higher than thought, study says\n\n### Up Next\n\n### Health & Medicine\n\n# What made Darwin first\n\n### Health & Medicine\n\n# What made Darwin first\n\nArnold Arboretum Director William “Ned” Friedman said scientific discovery\nrequires more than just an idea: \"Darwin had the ability to convince others of\nthe correctness of the idea.\"\n\nJon Chase/Harvard Staff Photographer\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.helpguide.org/articles/emotional-health/anger-management.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170522050000/https://www.helpguide.org/articles/emotional-health/anger-management.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Anger Management: Tips and Techniques for Getting Anger Under Control", "passages": [ "Anger is a normal, healthy emotion. But it’s unhealthy when it flares up all the time or spirals out of control. Chronic, explosive anger has serious consequences for your relationships, your health, and your state of mind. The good news is that getting anger under control is easier than you think. With insight about the real reasons for your anger and these anger management tools, you can learn to keep your temper from hijacking your life.", "The emotion of anger is neither good nor bad. Like any emotion, it’s conveying a message, telling you that a situation is upsetting, or unjust, or threatening. If your kneejerk reaction to anger is to explode, however, that message never has a chance to be conveyed. So, while it’s perfectly normal to feel angry when you’ve been mistreated or wronged, anger becomes a problem when you express it in a way that harms yourself or others.", "If you have a hot temper, you may feel like it’s out of your hands and there’s little you can do to tame the beast. But you have more control over your anger than you think. You can learn to express your emotions without hurting others.", "Fact: While it’s true that suppressing and ignoring anger is unhealthy, venting is no better. Anger is not something you have to “let out” in an aggressive way in order to avoid blowing up. In fact, outbursts and tirades only fuel the fire and reinforce your anger problem.", "Fact: Respect doesn’t come from bullying others. People may be afraid of you, but they won’t respect you if you can’t control yourself or handle opposing viewpoints. Others will be more willing to listen to you and accommodate your needs if you communicate in a respectful way.", "Fact: You can’t always control the situation you’re in or how it makes you feel, but you can control how you express your anger. And you can express your anger without being verbally or physically abusive. Even if someone is pushing your buttons, you always have a choice about how to respond.", "You might think that venting your anger is healthy, that the people around you are too sensitive, that your anger is justified, or that you need to show your fury to get respect. But the truth is that anger is much more likely to damage your relationships, impair your judgment, get in the way of success, and have a negative impact on the way people see you. That’s where anger management comes in.", "Many people think that anger management is about learning to suppress your anger. But never getting angry is not a good goal. Anger is normal, and it will come out regardless of how hard you try to tamp it down. The true goal of anger management isn’t to suppress feelings of anger but rather to understand the message behind the emotion and express it in a healthy way without losing control. When you do, you’ll not only feel better, you’ll also be more likely to get your needs met, be better able to manage conflict in your life, and strengthen your relationships.", "Mastering the art of anger management takes work, but the more you practice, the easier it will get. And the payoff is huge. Learning to control your anger and express it appropriately will help you build better relationships, achieve your goals, and lead a healthier, more satisfying life.", "Out-of-control anger hurts your physical health. Constantly operating at high levels of stress and anger makes you more susceptible to heart disease, diabetes, a weakened immune system, insomnia, and high blood pressure.", "Out-of-control anger hurts your mental health. Chronic anger consumes huge amounts of mental energy, and clouds your thinking, making it harder to concentrate or enjoy life. It can also lead to stress, depression, and other mental health problems.", "Out-of-control anger hurts your career. Constructive criticism, creative differences, and heated debate can be healthy. But lashing out only alienates your colleagues, supervisors, or clients and erodes their respect.", "Out-of-control anger hurts your relationships with others. It causes lasting scars in the people you love most and gets in the way of friendships and work relationships. Explosive anger makes it hard for others to trust you, speak honestly, or feel confortable—and is especially damaging to children.", "Anger problems often stem from what you’ve learned as a child. If you watched others in your family scream, hit each other, or throw things, you might think this is how anger is supposed to be expressed. Traumatic events and high levels of stress can make you more susceptible to anger as well.", "In order to express your anger in appropriate ways, you need to be in touch with what you are really feeling. Is your anger masking other feelings such as embarrassment, insecurity, hurt, shame, or vulnerability?", "If your knee-jerk response in many situations is anger, it’s likely that your temper is covering up your true feelings. This is especially likely if you grew up in a family where expressing feelings was strongly discouraged. As an adult, you may have a hard time acknowledging feelings other than anger. Anger can also be a symptom of underlying health problems, such as depression, trauma, or chronic stress.", "You have a hard time compromising. Is it hard for you to understand other people’s points of view, and even harder to concede a point? If you grew up in a family where anger was out of control, you may remember how the angry person got his or her way by being the loudest and most demanding. Compromising might bring up scary feelings of failure and vulnerability.", "You have trouble expressing emotions other than anger. Do you pride yourself on being tough and in control? Do you feel that emotions like fear, guilt, or shame don’t apply to you? Everyone has those emotions so you may be using anger as a cover for them.", "You view different opinions as a personal challenge. Do you believe that your way is always right and get angry when others disagree? If you have a strong need to be in control or a fragile ego, you may interpret other perspectives as a challenge to your authority, rather than simply a different way of looking at things.", "If you are uncomfortable with different emotions, disconnected, or stuck on an angry one-note response to situations, it’s important to get back in touch with your feelings.", "HelpGuide’s Emotional Intelligence Toolkit can help you recognize and manage the full range of emotions, even the painful ones you may have been covering up with anger. Learn more.", "While you might feel that you just explode into anger without warning, in fact, there are physical warning signs in your body. Anger is a normal physical response. It fuels the “fight or flight” system of the body, and the angrier you get, the more your body goes into overdrive. Becoming aware of your own personal signs that your temper is starting to boil allows you to take steps to manage your anger before it gets out of control.", "You may think that external thingsthe insensitive actions of other people, for example, or frustrating situationsare what cause your anger. But anger problems have less to do with what happens to you than how you interpret and think about what happened. Common negative thinking patterns that trigger and fuel anger include:", "Overgeneralizing. For example, \"You ALWAYS interrupt me. You NEVER consider my needs. EVERYONE disrepects me. I NEVER get the credit I deserve.\"", "Obsessing on \"shoulds\" and \"musts.\" Having a rigid view of the way things should or must be and getting angry when reality doesn't line up with this vision.", "Mind reading and jumping to conclusions. Assuming you \"know\" what someone else is thinking or feeling—that he or she intentionally upset you, ignored your wishes, or disrepected you.", "Collecting straws. Looking for things to get upset about, usually while overlooking or blowing past anything positive. Letting these small irritations build and build until you reach the \"final straw\" and explode, often over something relatively minor.", "Blaming. When anything bad happens or something goes wrong, it's always someone else's fault. You blame others for the things that happen to you rather than taking responsibility for your own life.", "Stressful events don’t excuse anger, but understanding how these events affect you can help you take control of your environment and avoid unnecessary aggravation. Look at your regular routine and try to identify activities, times of day, people, places, or situations that trigger irritable or angry feelings. Maybe you get into a fight every time you go out for drinks with a certain group of friends. Or maybe the traffic on your daily commute drives you crazy. Then think about ways to avoid these triggers or view the situation differently so it doesn’t make your blood boil.", "Once you know how to recognize the warning signs that your temper is rising and anticipate your triggers, you can act quickly to deal with your anger before it spins out of control. There are many techniques that can help you cool down and keep your anger in check.", "Focus on the physical sensations of anger. While it may seem counterintuitive, tuning into the way your body feels when you're angry often lessens the emotional intensity of your anger.", "Take some deep breaths. Deep, slow breathing helps counteract rising tension. The key is to breathe deeply from the abdomen, getting as much fresh air as possible into your lungs.", "Exercise. A brisk walk around the block is a great idea. It releases pent-up energy so you can approach the situation with a cooler head.", "Use your senses. Take advantage of the relaxing power of your sense of sight, smell, hearing, touch, and taste. You might try listening to music or picturing yourself in a favorite place.", "Stretch or massage areas of tension. Roll your shoulders if you are tensing them, for example, or gently massage your neck and scalp.", "Slowly count to ten. Focus on the counting to let your rational mind catch up with your feelings. If you still feel out of control by the time you reach ten, start counting again.", "If you’ve decided that the situation is worth getting angry about and there’s something you can do to make it better, the key is to express your feelings in a healthy way. When communicated respectfully and channeled effectively, anger can be a tremendous source of energy and inspiration for change.", "Have you ever gotten into an argument over something silly? Big fights often happen over something small, like a dish left out or being ten minutes late. But there’s usually a bigger issue behind it. If you find your irritation and anger rapidly rising, ask yourself “What am I really angry about?” Identifying the real source of frustration will help you communicate your anger better, take constructive action, and work towards a resolution.", "If your anger seems to be spiraling out of control, remove yourself from the situation for a few minutes or for as long as it takes you to cool down. A brisk walk, a trip to the gym, or a few minutes listening to some music should allow you to calm down, release pent up emotion, and then approach the situation with a cooler head.", "It’s OK to be upset at someone, but if you don’t fight fair, the relationship will quickly break down. Fighting fair allows you to express your own needs while still respecting others.", "Make the relationship your priority. Maintaining and strengthening the relationship, rather than \"winning\" the argument, should always be your first priority. Be respectful of the other person and his or her viewpoint.", "Focus on the present. Once you are in the heat of arguing, it's easy to start throwing past grievances into the mix. Rather than looking to the past and assigning blame, focus on what you can do in the present to solve the problem.", "Choose your battles. Conflicts can be draining, so it's important to consider whether the issue is really worthy of your time and energy. If you pick your battles rather than fighting over every little thing, others will take you more seriously when you are upset.", "Be willing to forgive. Resolving conflict is impossible if you're unwilling or unable to forgive. Resolution lies in releasing the urge to punish, which can never compensate for our losses and only adds to our injury by further depleting and draining our lives.", "Know when to let something go. If you can't come to an agreement, agree to disagree. It takes two people to keep an argument going. If a conflict is going nowhere, you can choose to disengage and move on.", "The way you respond to differences and disagreements at home and at work can create hostility and irreparable rifts, or it can build safety and trust. Learning how to resolve conflict in a positive way will help you strengthen your relationships. See: Conflict Resolution Skills", "If your anger is still spiraling out of control, despite putting the previous anger management techniques into practice, or if you’re getting into trouble with the law or hurting others you need more help. There are many therapists, classes, and programs for people with anger management problems. Asking for help is not a sign of weakness. You’ll often find others in the same shoes, and getting direct feedback on techniques for controlling anger can be tremendously helpful.", "Therapy for anger problems. Therapy can be a great way to explore the reasons behind your anger. If you don't know why you are getting angry, it's very hard to control. Therapy provides a safe environment to learn more about your reasons and identify triggers for your anger. It's also a safe place to practice new skills in expressing your anger.", "Anger management classes or groups. Anger management classes or groups allow you to see others coping with the same struggles. You will also learn tips and techniques for managing your anger and hear other people's stories. For domestic violence issues, traditional anger management is usually not recommended. There are special classes that go into the issues of and control that are at the heart of domestic violence.", "If your loved one has an anger problem, you probably feel like you’re walking on eggshells all the time. But always remember that you are not to blame for your loved one’s anger. There is never an excuse for physically or verbally abusive behavior. You have a right to be treated with respect and to live without fear of an angry outburst or a violent rage.", "Wait for a time when you are both calm to talk to your loved one about the anger problem. Don't bring it up when either of you is already angry.", "Despite what many believe, domestic violence and abuse is not due to the abuser's loss of control over his temper, but a deliberate choice to control you. If you are in an abusive relationship, know that couples counseling is not recommended—and your partner needs specialized treatment, not regular anger management classes.", "Controlling Anger Before it Controls You – An overview on the origins of excessive anger, tips on coping, and when to seek more help. (American Psychological Association)", "What Your Anger May Be Hiding – Explores some of the complicated reasons behind excessive anger, including a need to self soothe, feel powerful, or avoid intimacy. (Psychology Today)", "The Cost of Anger – Discover the physical and mental costs of anger and why you may be unwittingly setting yourself up as a victim of your anger. (Pegasus NLP Mind-Body Health Site)", "Dealing with the Anger Habit – New ideas on getting a handle on your anger, including a goal of addressing one trigger a week. (Pegasus NLP Mind-Body Health Site)", "Anger management – Discusses what types of treatment are available for anger management, and when you should consider them. (Mayo Clinic)", "Anger and Trauma – Learn why anger is such a common response following trauma and how it should be treated when it's a symptom of PTSD. (National Center for PTSD)", "When You Love an Angry Person – Provides an overview of anger causes, tips on fighting fair, ways to approach a loved one, and when you need more help. (Get Your Angries Out)", "©Helpguide.org. All rights reserved. This site is for information only and NOT a substitute for professional diagnosis and treatment. More»", "©Helpguide.org. All rights reserved. The content of this reprint is for informational purposes only and NOT a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment." ] }, "parsed_md": "Anger Management: Tips and Techniques for Getting Anger Under Control\n\nHELPGUIDE.ORG\n\nTrusted guide to mental, emotional & social health\n\nHELPGUIDE.ORG\n\nTrusted guide to mental, emotional & social health\n\n * Control but not crush\n * How anger management can help you\n * What's really behind your anger?\n * Anger warning signs and triggers\n * Ways to cool down\n * Healthy ways to express anger\n * When to seek professional help\n * If your loved one has a problem\n * Related HelpGuide articles\n * Resources and references\n\n# Anger Management\n\n## Tips and Techniques for Getting Anger Under Control\n\nAnger is a normal, healthy emotion. But it’s unhealthy when it flares up all\nthe time or spirals out of control. Chronic, explosive anger has serious\nconsequences for your relationships, your health, and your state of mind. The\ngood news is that getting anger under control is easier than you think. With\ninsight about the real reasons for your anger and these anger management\ntools, you can learn to keep your temper from hijacking your life.\n\n## Why is anger something you need to control but not crush?\n\nThe emotion of anger is neither good nor bad. Like any emotion, it’s conveying\na message, telling you that a situation is upsetting, or unjust, or\nthreatening. If your kneejerk reaction to anger is to explode, however, that\nmessage never has a chance to be conveyed. So, while it’s perfectly normal to\nfeel angry when you’ve been mistreated or wronged, anger becomes a problem\nwhen you express it in a way that harms yourself or others.\n\nIf you have a hot temper, you may feel like it’s out of your hands and there’s\nlittle you can do to tame the beast. But you have more control over your anger\nthan you think. You can learn to express your emotions without hurting others.\n\nMyths and facts about anger \n--- \n \nMyth: I shouldn’t “hold in” my anger. It’s healthy to vent and let it out.\n\nFact: While it’s true that suppressing and ignoring anger is unhealthy,\nventing is no better. Anger is not something you have to “let out” in an\naggressive way in order to avoid blowing up. In fact, outbursts and tirades\nonly fuel the fire and reinforce your anger problem. \n \nMyth: Anger, aggression, and intimidation help me earn respect and get what I\nwant.\n\nFact: Respect doesn’t come from bullying others. People may be afraid of you,\nbut they won’t respect you if you can’t control yourself or handle opposing\nviewpoints. Others will be more willing to listen to you and accommodate your\nneeds if you communicate in a respectful way. \n \nMyth: I can’t help myself. Anger isn’t something you can control.\n\nFact: You can’t always control the situation you’re in or how it makes you\nfeel, but you can control how you express your anger. And you can express your\nanger without being verbally or physically abusive. Even if someone is pushing\nyour buttons, you always have a choice about how to respond. \n \n## How anger management can help you\n\nYou might think that venting your anger is healthy, that the people around you\nare too sensitive, that your anger is justified, or that you need to show your\nfury to get respect. But the truth is that anger is much more likely to damage\nyour relationships, impair your judgment, get in the way of success, and have\na negative impact on the way people see you. That’s where anger management\ncomes in.\n\n### The goal of anger management\n\nMany people think that anger management is about learning to suppress your\nanger. But never getting angry is not a good goal. Anger is normal, and it\nwill come out regardless of how hard you try to tamp it down. The true goal of\nanger management isn’t to suppress feelings of anger but rather to understand\nthe message behind the emotion and express it in a healthy way without losing\ncontrol. When you do, you’ll not only feel better, you’ll also be more likely\nto get your needs met, be better able to manage conflict in your life, and\nstrengthen your relationships.\n\nMastering the art of anger management takes work, but the more you practice,\nthe easier it will get. And the payoff is huge. Learning to control your anger\nand express it appropriately will help you build better relationships, achieve\nyour goals, and lead a healthier, more satisfying life.\n\n#### The consequences of out-of-control anger\n\n * Out-of-control anger hurts your physical health. Constantly operating at high levels of stress and anger makes you more susceptible to heart disease, diabetes, a weakened immune system, insomnia, and high blood pressure.\n * Out-of-control anger hurts your mental health. Chronic anger consumes huge amounts of mental energy, and clouds your thinking, making it harder to concentrate or enjoy life. It can also lead to stress, depression, and other mental health problems.\n * Out-of-control anger hurts your career. Constructive criticism, creative differences, and heated debate can be healthy. But lashing out only alienates your colleagues, supervisors, or clients and erodes their respect.\n * Out-of-control anger hurts your relationships with others. It causes lasting scars in the people you love most and gets in the way of friendships and work relationships. Explosive anger makes it hard for others to trust you, speak honestly, or feel confortable—and is especially damaging to children.\n\n## Tip 1: Explore what's really behind your anger\n\nAnger problems often stem from what you’ve learned as a child. If you watched\nothers in your family scream, hit each other, or throw things, you might think\nthis is how anger is supposed to be expressed. Traumatic events and high\nlevels of stress can make you more susceptible to anger as well.\n\n### Anger is often a cover-up for other feelings\n\nIn order to express your anger in appropriate ways, you need to be in touch\nwith what you are really feeling. Is your anger masking other feelings such as\nembarrassment, insecurity, hurt, shame, or vulnerability?\n\nIf your knee-jerk response in many situations is anger, it’s likely that your\ntemper is covering up your true feelings. This is especially likely if you\ngrew up in a family where expressing feelings was strongly discouraged. As an\nadult, you may have a hard time acknowledging feelings other than anger. Anger\ncan also be a symptom of underlying health problems, such as depression,\ntrauma, or chronic stress.\n\n### Clues that there's more to your anger than meets the eye\n\nYou have a hard time compromising. Is it hard for you to understand other\npeople’s points of view, and even harder to concede a point? If you grew up in\na family where anger was out of control, you may remember how the angry person\ngot his or her way by being the loudest and most demanding. Compromising might\nbring up scary feelings of failure and vulnerability.\n\nYou have trouble expressing emotions other than anger. Do you pride yourself\non being tough and in control? Do you feel that emotions like fear, guilt, or\nshame don’t apply to you? Everyone has those emotions so you may be using\nanger as a cover for them.\n\nYou view different opinions as a personal challenge. Do you believe that your\nway is always right and get angry when others disagree? If you have a strong\nneed to be in control or a fragile ego, you may interpret other perspectives\nas a challenge to your authority, rather than simply a different way of\nlooking at things.\n\n#### Reconnect with your emotions to manage anger\n\nIf you are uncomfortable with different emotions, disconnected, or stuck on an\nangry one-note response to situations, it’s important to get back in touch\nwith your feelings.\n\nHelpGuide’s Emotional Intelligence Toolkit can help you recognize and manage\nthe full range of emotions, even the painful ones you may have been covering\nup with anger. Learn more.\n\n## Tip 2: Be aware of your anger warning signs and triggers\n\nWhile you might feel that you just explode into anger without warning, in\nfact, there are physical warning signs in your body. Anger is a normal\nphysical response. It fuels the “fight or flight” system of the body, and the\nangrier you get, the more your body goes into overdrive. Becoming aware of\nyour own personal signs that your temper is starting to boil allows you to\ntake steps to manage your anger before it gets out of control.\n\n### Pay attention to the way anger feels in your body\n\n * Knots in your stomach\n * Clenching your hands or jaw\n * Feeling clammy or flushed\n * Breathing faster\n * Headaches\n\n * Pacing or needing to walk around\n * \"Seeing red\"\n * Having trouble concentrating\n * Pounding heart\n * Tensing your shoulders\n\n### Identify the negative thought patterns that trigger your temper\n\nYou may think that external thingsthe insensitive actions of other people, for\nexample, or frustrating situationsare what cause your anger. But anger\nproblems have less to do with what happens to you than how you interpret and\nthink about what happened. Common negative thinking patterns that trigger and\nfuel anger include:\n\n * Overgeneralizing. For example, \"You ALWAYS interrupt me. You NEVER consider my needs. EVERYONE disrepects me. I NEVER get the credit I deserve.\"\n * Obsessing on \"shoulds\" and \"musts.\" Having a rigid view of the way things should or must be and getting angry when reality doesn't line up with this vision.\n * Mind reading and jumping to conclusions. Assuming you \"know\" what someone else is thinking or feeling—that he or she intentionally upset you, ignored your wishes, or disrepected you.\n * Collecting straws. Looking for things to get upset about, usually while overlooking or blowing past anything positive. Letting these small irritations build and build until you reach the \"final straw\" and explode, often over something relatively minor.\n * Blaming. When anything bad happens or something goes wrong, it's always someone else's fault. You blame others for the things that happen to you rather than taking responsibility for your own life.\n\n### Avoid people, places, and situations that bring out your worst\n\nStressful events don’t excuse anger, but understanding how these events affect\nyou can help you take control of your environment and avoid unnecessary\naggravation. Look at your regular routine and try to identify activities,\ntimes of day, people, places, or situations that trigger irritable or angry\nfeelings. Maybe you get into a fight every time you go out for drinks with a\ncertain group of friends. Or maybe the traffic on your daily commute drives\nyou crazy. Then think about ways to avoid these triggers or view the situation\ndifferently so it doesn’t make your blood boil.\n\n## Tip 3: Learn ways to cool down\n\nOnce you know how to recognize the warning signs that your temper is rising\nand anticipate your triggers, you can act quickly to deal with your anger\nbefore it spins out of control. There are many techniques that can help you\ncool down and keep your anger in check.\n\n### Quick tips for cooling down\n\nFocus on the physical sensations of anger. While it may seem counterintuitive,\ntuning into the way your body feels when you're angry often lessens the\nemotional intensity of your anger.\n\nTake some deep breaths. Deep, slow breathing helps counteract rising tension.\nThe key is to breathe deeply from the abdomen, getting as much fresh air as\npossible into your lungs.\n\nExercise. A brisk walk around the block is a great idea. It releases pent-up\nenergy so you can approach the situation with a cooler head.\n\nUse your senses. Take advantage of the relaxing power of your sense of sight,\nsmell, hearing, touch, and taste. You might try listening to music or\npicturing yourself in a favorite place.\n\nStretch or massage areas of tension. Roll your shoulders if you are tensing\nthem, for example, or gently massage your neck and scalp.\n\nSlowly count to ten. Focus on the counting to let your rational mind catch up\nwith your feelings. If you still feel out of control by the time you reach\nten, start counting again.\n\n### Give yourself a reality check\n\nWhen you start getting upset about something, take a moment to think about the\nsituation. Ask yourself:\n\n * How imporant is it in the grand scheme of things?\n * Is it really worth getting angry about it?\n * Is it worth ruining the rest of my day?\n * Is my response appropriate to the situation?\n * Is there anything I can do about it?\n * Is taking action worth my time?\n\n## Tip 4: Find healthier ways to express your anger\n\nIf you’ve decided that the situation is worth getting angry about and there’s\nsomething you can do to make it better, the key is to express your feelings in\na healthy way. When communicated respectfully and channeled effectively, anger\ncan be a tremendous source of energy and inspiration for change.\n\n### Pinpoint what you're really angry about\n\nHave you ever gotten into an argument over something silly? Big fights often\nhappen over something small, like a dish left out or being ten minutes late.\nBut there’s usually a bigger issue behind it. If you find your irritation and\nanger rapidly rising, ask yourself “What am I really angry about?” Identifying\nthe real source of frustration will help you communicate your anger better,\ntake constructive action, and work towards a resolution.\n\n### Take five if things get too heated\n\nIf your anger seems to be spiraling out of control, remove yourself from the\nsituation for a few minutes or for as long as it takes you to cool down. A\nbrisk walk, a trip to the gym, or a few minutes listening to some music should\nallow you to calm down, release pent up emotion, and then approach the\nsituation with a cooler head.\n\n### Always fight fair\n\nIt’s OK to be upset at someone, but if you don’t fight fair, the relationship\nwill quickly break down. Fighting fair allows you to express your own needs\nwhile still respecting others.\n\nMake the relationship your priority. Maintaining and strengthening the\nrelationship, rather than \"winning\" the argument, should always be your first\npriority. Be respectful of the other person and his or her viewpoint.\n\nFocus on the present. Once you are in the heat of arguing, it's easy to start\nthrowing past grievances into the mix. Rather than looking to the past and\nassigning blame, focus on what you can do in the present to solve the problem.\n\nChoose your battles. Conflicts can be draining, so it's important to consider\nwhether the issue is really worthy of your time and energy. If you pick your\nbattles rather than fighting over every little thing, others will take you\nmore seriously when you are upset.\n\nBe willing to forgive. Resolving conflict is impossible if you're unwilling or\nunable to forgive. Resolution lies in releasing the urge to punish, which can\nnever compensate for our losses and only adds to our injury by further\ndepleting and draining our lives.\n\nKnow when to let something go. If you can't come to an agreement, agree to\ndisagree. It takes two people to keep an argument going. If a conflict is\ngoing nowhere, you can choose to disengage and move on.\n\n#### Developing your conflict resolution skills\n\nThe way you respond to differences and disagreements at home and at work can\ncreate hostility and irreparable rifts, or it can build safety and trust.\nLearning how to resolve conflict in a positive way will help you strengthen\nyour relationships. See: Conflict Resolution Skills\n\n## Tip 5: Know when to seek professional help\n\nIf your anger is still spiraling out of control, despite putting the previous\nanger management techniques into practice, or if you’re getting into trouble\nwith the law or hurting others you need more help. There are many therapists,\nclasses, and programs for people with anger management problems. Asking for\nhelp is not a sign of weakness. You’ll often find others in the same shoes,\nand getting direct feedback on techniques for controlling anger can be\ntremendously helpful.\n\nTherapy for anger problems. Therapy can be a great way to explore the reasons\nbehind your anger. If you don't know why you are getting angry, it's very hard\nto control. Therapy provides a safe environment to learn more about your\nreasons and identify triggers for your anger. It's also a safe place to\npractice new skills in expressing your anger.\n\nAnger management classes or groups. Anger management classes or groups allow\nyou to see others coping with the same struggles. You will also learn tips and\ntechniques for managing your anger and hear other people's stories. For\ndomestic violence issues, traditional anger management is usually not\nrecommended. There are special classes that go into the issues of and control\nthat are at the heart of domestic violence.\n\n#### Consider professional help for anger management if:\n\n * You feel constantly frustrated and angry no matter what you try.\n * Your temper causes problems at work or in your relationships.\n * You avoid new events and people because you feel like you can't control your temper.\n * You have gotten in trouble with the law due to your anger.\n * Your anger has ever led you to physical violence.\n\n## If your loved one has an anger management problem\n\nIf your loved one has an anger problem, you probably feel like you’re walking\non eggshells all the time. But always remember that you are not to blame for\nyour loved one’s anger. There is never an excuse for physically or verbally\nabusive behavior. You have a right to be treated with respect and to live\nwithout fear of an angry outburst or a violent rage.\n\n### Five tips for dealing with a loved one's anger management problem\n\nWhile you can't control another person's anger, you can control how you\nrespond to it:\n\n 1. Set clear boundaries about what you will and will not tolerate.\n 2. Wait for a time when you are both calm to talk to your loved one about the anger problem. Don't bring it up when either of you is already angry.\n 3. Remove yourself from the situation if your loved one does not calm down.\n 4. Consider counseling or therapy if you are having a hard time standing up for yourself.\n 5. Put your safety first. If you feel unsafe or threatened in any way, get away from your loved one.\n\n### Anger isn't the real problem in abusive relationships\n\nDespite what many believe, domestic violence and abuse is not due to the\nabuser's loss of control over his temper, but a deliberate choice to control\nyou. If you are in an abusive relationship, know that couples counseling is\nnot recommended—and your partner needs specialized treatment, not regular\nanger management classes.\n\nRelated HelpGuide articles\n\n * Effective Communication: Improving Communication Skills in Your Work and Personal Relationships\n * Quick Stress Relief: Using Your Senses to Relieve Stress On the Spot\n * Conflict Resolution Skills: Building the Skills That Can Turn Conflicts into Opportunities\n\n## Resources and references\n\n### Understanding and controlling anger\n\nControlling Anger Before it Controls You – An overview on the origins of\nexcessive anger, tips on coping, and when to seek more help. (American\nPsychological Association)\n\nWhat Your Anger May Be Hiding – Explores some of the complicated reasons\nbehind excessive anger, including a need to self soothe, feel powerful, or\navoid intimacy. (Psychology Today)\n\nThe Cost of Anger – Discover the physical and mental costs of anger and why\nyou may be unwittingly setting yourself up as a victim of your anger. (Pegasus\nNLP Mind-Body Health Site)\n\nDealing with the Anger Habit – New ideas on getting a handle on your anger,\nincluding a goal of addressing one trigger a week. (Pegasus NLP Mind-Body\nHealth Site)\n\n### Professional help for anger management\n\nAnger management – Discusses what types of treatment are available for anger\nmanagement, and when you should consider them. (Mayo Clinic)\n\nAnger and Trauma – Learn why anger is such a common response following trauma\nand how it should be treated when it's a symptom of PTSD. (National Center for\nPTSD)\n\n### Helping a loved one with anger management\n\nWhen You Love an Angry Person – Provides an overview of anger causes, tips on\nfighting fair, ways to approach a loved one, and when you need more help. (Get\nYour Angries Out)\n\nWas this article helpful?\n\nAuthors: Jeanne Segal, Ph.D., and Melinda Smith, M.A. Last updated: April\n2017.\n\nPDF version\n\nSkills to build mental, emotional and social intelligence Learn more »\n\nCollaboration with Harvard Health Publications Learn more »\n\nFollow us:\n\nNewsletter Signup |Services Directories |Contact Us |Permission Requests\n|Terms of Use\n\n©Helpguide.org. All rights reserved. This site is for information only and NOT\na substitute for professional diagnosis and treatment. More»\n\nHelpGuide.org REPRINT\n\n©Helpguide.org. All rights reserved. The content of this reprint is for\ninformational purposes only and NOT a substitute for professional advice,\ndiagnosis, or treatment.\n\nVisit https://www.helpguide.org/ for the complete article which includes\nreferences, related articles and active links.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,4612,7-132-2943_52115-203750--,00.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150912110645/http://www.michigan.gov/mdch/0,4612,7-132-2943_52115-203750--,00.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Free or Low Cost Mental Health Care", "passages": [ "Community Mental Health Service Programs: People who have a mental illness can find help through local Community Mental Health Services Programs. Find a program near you by searching this list. Or, check this map for information on the Community Mental Health Service Program in your county.", "Community Health Centers: Many community health centers offer mental health care services. Community health centers care for you even if you have no health insurance. You pay what you can afford based on your income. Find a community health center near you.", "Free Clinics: Some free clinics offer free mental health care. Free clinics use volunteer health care providers to give free or low cost care to people without insurance." ] }, "parsed_md": "MDCH - Free or Low Cost Mental Health Care\n\nSkip Navigation\n\n * MDHHS Home\n * Contact MDHHS\n * Site Map\n\nMI.gov\n\nMichigan Department of Community Health\n\n * MDCH Home\n * Sitemap\n * Contact MDCH\n\nSign up for email from MDHHS!\n\n#\n\nYou are here\n\nMDCH > Health Care Coverage > Help Finding Health Care\n\n## Free or Low Cost Mental Health Care\n\nCommunity Mental Health Service Programs: People who have a mental illness can\nfind help through local Community Mental Health Services Programs. Find a\nprogram near you by searching this list. Or, check this map for information on\nthe Community Mental Health Service Program in your county.\n\nFind more information on Community Mental Health Service Programs here.\n\nCommunity Health Centers: Many community health centers offer mental health\ncare services. Community health centers care for you even if you have no\nhealth insurance. You pay what you can afford based on your income. Find a\ncommunity health center near you.\n\nFind more information on community health centers here.\n\nFree Clinics: Some free clinics offer free mental health care. Free clinics\nuse volunteer health care providers to give free or low cost care to people\nwithout insurance.\n\nFind more information on free clinics here.\n\nReturn to the main page.\n\nRelated Content\n\n * Help with Substance Abuse or Problem Gambling\n * Free or Low Cost Prescription Medication\n * Free or Low Cost Testing and Treatment for Sexually-Transmitted Infections\n * Free or Low Cost Family Planning Services\n * Free or Low Cost Testing and Treatment for Breast or Cervical Cancer\n * Help with a Chronic Disease\n * Hospital or Emergency Care\n * Other Sources for Help with Health Care\n * Free or Low Cost Primary Care from a Doctor or Nurse\n * Free or Low Cost Care from a Dentist\n\n * Michigan.gov Home\n * MDCH Home\n * Office of Regulatory Reinvention\n * FOIA\n * Contact MDCH\n * State Web Sites\n * Transparency\n\n * Policies\n * Michigan News\n\nCopyright 2015 State of Michigan\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/anger-management/art-20048149", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210503154735/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/anger-management/art-20048149", "parsed_text": { "title": "Anger management: Your questions answered", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Anger management: Your questions answered - Mayo Clinic\n\n" } ]
2,768,538
How To Hold a Pencil
To hold a pencil correctly, start by sitting up straight and placing both feet flat on the floor. Pick up the pencil using the thumb and index finger of your dominant hand, keeping the pencil at a 45 degree angle. Next, position the tip of your index finger on top of the pencil and use your thumb to grip the side loosely. Let the pencil rest on your middle finger, then lightly pinch your thumb, index, and middle fingers together. Rest the pad of your hand comfortably on the page to support your hand as you write!
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20211130131528/http://mamaot.com/3-tricks-to-help-kids-learn-to-hold-their-pencil-correctly/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211120200902/https://www.todaysparent.com/kids/preschool/pencil-grip/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211121184123/http://educationandbehavior.com/teaching-proper-pencil-grip-to-develop-or-improve-handwriting/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150821074313/http://mamaot.com:80/2012/07/19/3-tricks-to-help-kids-learn-to-hold-their-pencil-correctly", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210912024927/https://www.jerrysartarama.com/blog/how-to-hold-your-pencil-when-you-draw/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210716125636/https://theanonymousot.com/2013/03/22/when-to-fix-a-pencil-grasp/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161019194807/http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/pencil-grip-tripod-guide-forming-handwriting.html" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://mamaot.com/3-tricks-to-help-kids-learn-to-hold-their-pencil-correctly/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211130131528/http://mamaot.com/3-tricks-to-help-kids-learn-to-hold-their-pencil-correctly/", "parsed_text": { "title": "3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly", "passages": [ "Pencil grip is one of those things that is really hard to re-teach if kids initially learn it incorrectly. Though every child will end up settling on a pencil grip that works best for him or her, introducing the standard “tripod” grasp (pinching with thumb and index finger while resting on middle finger) is a good place to start. However, this can seem virtually impossible when you’re dealing with five- and six-year-olds who don’t even know their left from right, let alone how to divide up their fingers into different positions.", "Given the tricky nature of pencil holding — and its impact on kids’ handwriting skills — I thought I’d share a few OT-based tricks so you can help kids learn how to hold their pencil correctly.", "Trick #1: Use shorter pencils. A shorter pencil means less space for cramming in unnecessary fingers. It basically forces kids to pinch with thumb and index finger. This is why the popular curriculum Handwriting Without Tears uses their own brand of short pencils, however, golf pencils work just fine, too. It’s also why occupational therapists often have kids use crayons that have been broken in half if they are having trouble using an age-appropriate grasp. Click here to read more about why kids should use shorter crayons.", "If shorter pencils don’t do the trick for your little writer, then teach them the “pinch and flip”. Simply have them pinch the sharpened end of the pencil and then flip it around until it gently rests in the “webspace” (that soft skin between your thumb and index finger) in the ready position. Watch the video below for a less-than-one-minute demonstration and explanation of this trick.", "Trick #3: Have them hide something under their last two fingers. If shorter pencils and the “pinch and flip” don’t work, then try having students hide something under their pinky and ring fingers. These two fingers are supposed to bend toward the palm while the thumb, index, and middle fingers do all the work. However, sometimes kids have a hard time with this because they can’t yet “separate” the two sides of their hand (the pinky side and the thumb side). This trick will take care of that. It really doesn’t matter what they hide under their last two fingers, as long as they can comfortably do so without their fingers bulging out from their hand because the item is too big, or having to squeeze too tightly because it’s too small. Try using a small ball of playdough, cotton ball, marble, bead, crumpled piece of tissue paper, or tiny rubbery toy.", "Remember that, in addition to teaching kids “tricks” for holding their pencil correctly, they also need strong muscles in their hands, shoulders, and even in their core muscles to be able to sit up and write with control.", "For fine motor resources you can (legally) download to your computer or print for your own use, check out these helpful e-books from OT Mom Learning Activities, packed with practical, ready-to-use activity ideas (affiliate links included for your convenience, disclosure here):", "And for access to all of OT Mom’s e-books, check out her Mega Motor Bundle, which includes all of her e-books at a discounted price!", "Want more handy tips and tricks to help the kids in your life? Then subscribe to Mama OT by clicking \"Subscribe!\" on the homepage so you can receive new posts via email. And be sure to keep up with all of Mama OT's tips and info shared on Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest!", "In addition to being mama to two sweet little boys and wife to a crazy awesome husband, Christie is a Registered & Licensed Occupational Therapist (OTR/L). She holds a B.A. in Psychology with a Minor in Education from the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA...Go Bruins!), and an M.A. in Occupational Therapy from the University of Southern California (USC OT). She has experience working as a pediatric OT in early intervention (birth to 3), clinic-based, and school-based settings. Her mission with MamaOT.com is to encourage, educate, and empower those who care for children. Christie loves that she gets to PLAY when she goes to work, is hopelessly addicted to Kettle Corn, and is known for being able to turn virtually anything into a therapeutic tool or activity, from empty food containers to laundry and everything in between. Learn more about Christie and what inspired her to become an OT.", "Occupational therapy (OT) is a holistic profession that helps people across the lifespan participate in the things they want and need to do through the therapeutic use of everyday activities, also known as “occupations”. Some OTs help people diagnosed with disability, injury, or disease. Others help prevent disability, injury, or disease. Because of occupational therapy, people of all ages are able to say, \"I can!\" no matter what their struggle. Isn't that amazing?!", "Please provide appropriate supervision to the child in your care when completing any activities from this site. You as the grown-up will need to decide what types of products/activities on this list will be safe for your child. If you’re not sure, check with your child’s occupational therapist or pediatrician. Appropriate and reasonable caution should be used when implementing any ideas or activities from this site, particularly if there is any risk of injury (e.g., falling, crashing), choking (e.g., small parts), drowning (e.g., water play), or allergic/adverse reaction (e.g., materials/ingredients). The author and blog disclaim liability for any damage, mishap, or injury that may occur from engaging in any activities or ideas from this site.", "Oh, these are so good! I will post them and pin them! The only one I would add – or would love your tip as well – is that many young children try to write while their hand/arm is suspended above the paper. My tip is offering the idea that “your hand is kind of on vacation when you are drawing/writing so you can just let your hand relax right on the paper!” Cheers.", "* christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:49 pm said:\nWhat a cute way to explain it. That attempt at writing with hand/arm suspended above the paper is actually a developmentally appropriate strategy for little ones (like toddlers) while they are still working on developing strength and control in their wrists and fingers. But kids should start using their wrists more as they progress through preschool and Kindergarten in order to have a “dynamic” grasp. One easy suggestion for helping to develop this dynamic wrist movement while grasping the crayon is to have them engage with vertical surfaces such as coloring on easels, the sides of cardboard boxes (could draw a pretend house), using bath tub crayons on the wall during bath time, etc. This will help them start to gain strength and movement while their wrist is bent “backward” in extension and will put them well on their way to being strong writers!", "I draw a tiny “magic” dot on their middle finger where the pencil should rest and they have to hide the dot with the pencil. Helps keep that finger under rather than on top.", "What about lefties? I have a nephew who is left handed and his mama doesn’t quite know how to help him.", "* christiekiley on August 26, 2012 at 3:25 pm said:\nGood question. I have worked with lefties and, though every child is different, lefties are capable of using a nice tripod grasp just like righties. Some kids benefit from adding another finger on top of the pencil to stabilize in a “quadrupod” position. Also, if you rotate the paper so the left corner points up, it will make it easier to write so he doesn’t feel like he has to write with extreme wrist flexion or by raising his hand off the paper. The opposite is true for righties: rotate the paper so the right corner is pointing up, which most kids do naturally anyway. One last thing: pencil smears less than pen, so pencils make for more legible work for lefties who will naturally drag their hand over their writing. Hope that helps!", "I often wonder if it was ‘better’ for teaching grip when Kindergarten age student used the big thick crayons ? What do you think ?", "* christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:54 pm said:\nGood question. Though it was long thought that fat crayons were ideal for little developing hands so that they could hold them more easily and develop skill, we (as in, the therapy and teaching community) are actually finding that fat crayons do just the opposite...they don’t challenge kids’ tiny hand muscles, so they aren’t able to develop the strength they need in order isolate those finger and hand muscles to make precise movements needed in pre- writing and writing activities. Think about it: how much hand skill could you develop if you as an adult were coloring or writing with a crayon that was as fat as, say, a paper towel roll? (proportionally speaking )", "I actually wrote a post about this when I first started the blog. You can check it out here: http://mamaot.com/2012/04/22/dont-throw-out-your-broken- crayons/", "tiny pieces of crayon – you can only hold the right way! Doing fun stuff the right way like beading & fine art. We call the correct grip the ‘three pinching crab’ to make it really fun 😉", "* christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:55 pm said:\nYes, we LOVE tiny pieces of crayon!...and chalk, and eraser, and sponge, and tissue paper. This list goes on. And what a cute name.", "* Whozat on January 29, 2014 at 8:03 am said:\nI also tell my daughter to “pinch it like a crab” and when she’s hooking her index finger over the pencil (which she always wants to do) I tell her that’s not a crab, that’s a seahorse (because he wraps his tail around the seaweed).", "I started my daughter out using homemade crayons that are flat-like the heart crayons you see around Valentine’s Day. Works on the same principle as the short pencils-there is no other way to hold them except for the trippod grasp.", "Great! There are great crayons that are similar to what you’re talking about. They’re called “rock crayons” and basically look like little pebbles. Many OT clinics have them and you can easily find them online. Here is one link to help you find them on Amazon: http://tinyurl.com/9e9f3ad.", "Do you have an article or link to talk about why proper grip is so important? I hold my pen the “wrong” way and I remember growing up my mom would try to change my grip. I’ve never understood why it matters.", "* christiekiley on September 3, 2012 at 10:35 pm said:\nAmber, that is such a great and important question. I also hold my pencil the “wrong” way and actually have vivid memories of my Kindergarten teacher walking over to my table, changing my grip, and walking away...then I switched it back because I liked it better!", "So here’s the deal: we want kids to be able to find a pencil grip that is not only comfortable, but EFFICIENT. The traditional tripod (thumb and finger pinching pencil while middle finger supports it) is often a very efficient grasp. It allows people to write while using an appropriate amount of pressure (being able to generate enough strength to press down on the paper, but not having to press so hard that they rip the paper or fatigue quickly) and it also allows them to write without quickly fatiguing. An “inefficient” grip will cause your hand to cramp up and your hand muscles to get really tired, so you’ll constantly have to be taking breaks and shaking out your hand more frequently than if you held the pencil with a more efficient grasp. Since kids are required to do so much writing in school, it’s important that they develop an efficient and functional grasp from an early age because it’s really difficult to change it once they’re used to it (I’m a perfect example).", "For most people, they find a pencil grasp that works for them and that’s the end of it. But for some kids, the grasp they’re using doesn’t work for them and they end up really struggling in school because of it (they write much slower, their hand fatigues very quickly, etc.). That’s when the grasp is important. Though we are NOT handwriting teachers, OTs can work with kids to address the underlying issues related to their handwriting difficulties, and sometimes grasp and fine motor strength are the culprits (though sometimes it’s other things).", "I’m totally with you: there is no “one way” to hold a pencil and, trust me, I have seen some funky pencil grasps that totally work for people. But it’s all about function, and we want to start kids off on the right foot so they are setting themselves up for handwriting and school success, rather than forming habits that will be really, really hard to break.", "* Amber Baker on September 3, 2012 at 10:46 pm said:\nThat totally makes sense. I’ve also noticed that I don’t have particularly neat writing, so I’ve wondered if that was another reason for the traditional tripod grasp (I use my middle two fingers, pressing the pen against my palm, which probably doesn’t give me as much control). So interesting. I will also be teaching my boys “proper” grasp because as you said it is nearly impossible to switch once the habit is formed.", "* christiekiley on September 3, 2012 at 11:35 pm said:\nI think you and I have a similar grasp. I’ve stuck with mine because I like the way my writing looks when I use it, but I am a fairly slow writer compared to others and my hand gets tired pretty quickly, so if I have to write fast or I have a lot to write (like during an essay test), I usually switch to tripod. And I also make sure to demonstrate tripod when I’m working with kids, too. Best of luck with your boys!", "These are great! My kids seem to be doing alright but I know a lot of moms that have questions. I’m definitely going to send them this link!", "Huh...all this is interesting, especially your replies. I was told that I hold my pencil incorrectly because it rests on my middle finger and creates an indent there. I was told that the pencil is instead supposed to be pinched between the thumb and the middle/fore fingers. I have never been able to successfully do that. Perhaps the problem with my tripod grip is just that I hold too tight then? This is helpful for teaching my daughter though because she naturally does tripod and I kept trying to get her to pinch it like I was told to do.", "Thank you for this, I will be trying these with my (almost) 4 year old son. However, he doesn’t put much pressure on the paper while writing so he gets frustrated because it doesn’t look correct. When I help him I talk him through what needs to happen and help his hand put more pressure on the paper while he performs the movements. But I’m not sure if I’m hurting or helping him. He still goes back and forth between hands when doing anything so I’m not sure if that is part of the reason? And it’s the same whether he is writing on a table or vertically against a wall or easel. The utensil (crayon, pencil, dry erase marker, etc) doesn’t seem to make a different either. He also has a difficult time with using scissors still, always wanting to keep his thumb down.", "A way that taught me how to hold a pencil correctly as a child is i used these little rubber molds that slip onto your pens and pencils that were shaped to the form of holding your pencil so it in a way forced you to hold it properly and after writing like that for awhile i naturally held them in that manner.", "Christie, Do you have any articles you could direct me to that talk about efficient writing? (I’d take books, too, but articles would be more ideal.) I’m probably going to talk to the curriculum person in our school district about why I think we should include how to hold a pencil in kindergarten and need articles for back up.", "* christiekiley on December 5, 2012 at 7:18 am said:\nI would check the educational standards for Kindergarten first to see what is mentioned about expectations for Kindergarteners & pencil grasp by the end of the Kindergarten year. If it’s mentioned in the standards, then that should be all you need.", "A really helpful piece. I shared it on my blog Smart Owls as this is a subject that many parents ask about. Thank you so much.", "I love your blog – such helpful stuff! What about a child who hooks her wrist so that it is flexed when writing? Would writing on a slanted surface help? Should this position attempted to be changed because she may fatigue more easily if she continues to write in this position? Or are there other reasons? Please refer me to any posts you may have done on this! Thanks so much!", "* christiekiley on February 21, 2013 at 5:47 pm said:\nThank you so much for your kind words. Yes, writing on a slanted or vertical surface can place the wrist in a naturally extended position and can help with wrist hooking. How is her pencil grasp and is it just the hooking that is the problem?", "* Kelly on February 21, 2013 at 6:52 pm said:\nThank you for your response! Her grasp seems to be ok...only wrist hooking. But additionally, her handwriting is very illegible – she displays poor control and inconsistent/inefficient formation of letters. So would wrist position be a priority to improve in your opinion?", "I have a question about this. I have always held my pencil with four fingers. They tried to teach me how to do the correct hold in school, but it never worked for me and I assumed that it was because I am left-handed and I am pushing the pencil instead of pulling it. Is it bad that I hold pencils/pens incorrectly? Is it harder to do for leftys?", "* christiekiley on March 16, 2014 at 9:49 pm said:\nSierra, if your grasp is working for you and you do not experience pain or fatigue, then it is not “wrong”!", "I forget where I learned this, but I have the child pretend the fingers and thin are riding in a van. The thumb and index are the adults or mom and dad, and the other fingers are the kids. The adults sit in the front, and the kids sit in the back. Mom and dad sit right next to each other and can kiss, but dad doesn’t sit on mom’s lap (as in thumb wrap). Kid’s mostly really like like this, and respond well to it, and show good carry over.", "My son’s teacher said we should use the triangular pencils/crayons (my son is 3.8 years). Do you agree or should we try the broken crayons? He gets frustrated because he said he doesn’t know how to hold crayons.", "* christiekiley on June 11, 2015 at 1:33 pm said:\nTriangular crayons are great too. So are “crayon rocks” which you can find with a Google search.", "The ideas presented on this blog are for informational purposes only and are not medical advice. A blog can never replace an individualized treatment plan developed as the result of in-person assessment, clinical observation, and collaboration between therapist, caregiver, and (if applicable) child. If you are concerned about the development or functional abilities of a particular child in your life, then that child’s parent should talk with his/her pediatrician or seek out the services of a developmental pediatrician or a local occupational therapist." ] }, "parsed_md": "3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly - Mama OT\n\n## Skip links\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n\nMama OT\n\nOccupational Therapy blog with tips and tricks for those who care for children\n\n## Main navigation\n\n# 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly\n\nJuly 19, 2012 by christiekiley 57 Comments\n\nPencil grip is one of those things that is really hard to re-teach if kids\ninitially learn it incorrectly. Though every child will end up settling on a\npencil grip that works best for him or her, introducing the standard “tripod”\ngrasp (pinching with thumb and index finger while resting on middle finger) is\na good place to start. However, this can seem virtually impossible when you’re\ndealing with five- and six-year-olds who don’t even know their left from\nright, let alone how to divide up their fingers into different positions.\n\nGiven the tricky nature of pencil holding — and its impact on kids’\nhandwriting skills — I thought I’d share a few OT-based tricks so you can help\nkids learn how to hold their pencil correctly.\n\nTrick #1: Use shorter pencils. A shorter pencil means less space for cramming\nin unnecessary fingers. It basically forces kids to pinch with thumb and index\nfinger. This is why the popular curriculum Handwriting Without Tears uses\ntheir own brand of short pencils, however, golf pencils work just fine, too.\nIt’s also why occupational therapists often have kids use crayons that have\nbeen broken in half if they are having trouble using an age-appropriate grasp.\nClick here to read more about why kids should use shorter crayons.\n\nTrick #2: Teach them the “pinch and flip”.\n\nIf shorter pencils don’t do the trick for your little writer, then teach them\nthe “pinch and flip”. Simply have them pinch the sharpened end of the pencil\nand then flip it around until it gently rests in the “webspace” (that soft\nskin between your thumb and index finger) in the ready position. Watch the\nvideo below for a less-than-one-minute demonstration and explanation of this\ntrick.\n\nTrick #3: Have them hide something under their last two fingers. If shorter\npencils and the “pinch and flip” don’t work, then try having students hide\nsomething under their pinky and ring fingers. These two fingers are supposed\nto bend toward the palm while the thumb, index, and middle fingers do all the\nwork. However, sometimes kids have a hard time with this because they can’t\nyet “separate” the two sides of their hand (the pinky side and the thumb\nside). This trick will take care of that. It really doesn’t matter what they\nhide under their last two fingers, as long as they can comfortably do so\nwithout their fingers bulging out from their hand because the item is too big,\nor having to squeeze too tightly because it’s too small. Try using a small\nball of playdough, cotton ball, marble, bead, crumpled piece of tissue paper,\nor tiny rubbery toy.\n\nRemember that, in addition to teaching kids “tricks” for holding their pencil\ncorrectly, they also need strong muscles in their hands, shoulders, and even\nin their core muscles to be able to sit up and write with control.\n\nFor fine motor resources you can (legally) download to your computer or print\nfor your own use, check out these helpful e-books from OT Mom Learning\nActivities, packed with practical, ready-to-use activity ideas (affiliate\nlinks included for your convenience, disclosure here):\n\nOT Mom’s Fine Motor Activities for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Shoulder Girdle Exercises for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Core Exercises for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Bilateral Coordination Activities for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Scissor Cutting Skills for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Fine Motor Bundle (Discounted price on Fine Motor Activities plus\nScissor Skills Activities plus FREE Bonus Cutting Template)\n\nAnd for access to all of OT Mom’s e-books, check out her Mega Motor Bundle,\nwhich includes all of her e-books at a discounted price!\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Tweet\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\nFiled Under: 03. Preschoolers (3-5), 04. Early Elementary (5-7), 06. Fine\nMotor Tagged With: Classroom, Cursive, Education, Handwriting, kids,\nOccupational therapy, Pencil, Printing, School, Teaching, Writing, Writing\nInstruments\n\n« Messy play with homemade puffy paint\n\n10 tips for learning to breastfeed in public »\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. autumnshropshire says\n\nMarch 15, 2016 at 12:58 pm\n\nThank you! This was so very helpful.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Joanna says\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 2:31 pm\n\nI notice there’s no discussion on adding pencil grips to a pencil for kids who\nare having difficulties writing. Can you talk a little about pencil grips?\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nMarch 16, 2016 at 3:47 am\n\nHere’s a link to a post written by a fellow OT that discusses the pros and\ncons of using pencil grips: http://therapyfunzone.net/blog/pencil-gripspros-\nand-cons/\n\nReply\n\n 3. yvonne says\n\nOctober 3, 2015 at 6:45 am\n\nMy son is 10 yrs old & he hold the pencil at the bottom of the lead.all\nteachers commented his writing is messy & some unable to read. What can I do?\nDesperatelying need help..do u have any video to help in this? Tq so much\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nOctober 3, 2015 at 8:49 pm\n\nTry this awesome website and blog all about handwriting:\nhttp://www.handwritingwithkatherine.com/\n\nReply\n\n 4. Christine Calabrese says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 10:31 am\n\nJust published a little book to help with this\ninstruction.https://www.smashwords.com/books/search?query=Poor+Little+Pencil\n\nReply\n\n 5. Lauren says\n\nJune 11, 2015 at 11:02 am\n\nMy son’s teacher said we should use the triangular pencils/crayons (my son is\n3.8 years). Do you agree or should we try the broken crayons? He gets\nfrustrated because he said he doesn’t know how to hold crayons.\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nJune 11, 2015 at 1:33 pm\n\nTriangular crayons are great too. So are “crayon rocks” which you can find\nwith a Google search.\n\nReply\n\n 6. Angie Talamantes says\n\nJuly 15, 2014 at 4:13 pm\n\nI forget where I learned this, but I have the child pretend the fingers and\nthin are riding in a van. The thumb and index are the adults or mom and dad,\nand the other fingers are the kids. The adults sit in the front, and the kids\nsit in the back. Mom and dad sit right next to each other and can kiss, but\ndad doesn’t sit on mom’s lap (as in thumb wrap). Kid’s mostly really like like\nthis, and respond well to it, and show good carry over.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Sierra says\n\nMarch 16, 2014 at 7:37 pm\n\nI have a question about this. I have always held my pencil with four fingers.\nThey tried to teach me how to do the correct hold in school, but it never\nworked for me and I assumed that it was because I am left-handed and I am\npushing the pencil instead of pulling it. Is it bad that I hold pencils/pens\nincorrectly? Is it harder to do for leftys?\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nMarch 16, 2014 at 9:49 pm\n\nSierra, if your grasp is working for you and you do not experience pain or\nfatigue, then it is not “wrong”!\n\nReply\n\n 8. Kelly says\n\nFebruary 21, 2013 at 10:02 am\n\nI love your blog – such helpful stuff! What about a child who hooks her wrist\nso that it is flexed when writing? Would writing on a slanted surface help?\nShould this position attempted to be changed because she may fatigue more\neasily if she continues to write in this position? Or are there other reasons?\nPlease refer me to any posts you may have done on this! Thanks so much!\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nFebruary 21, 2013 at 5:47 pm\n\nThank you so much for your kind words. Yes, writing on a slanted or vertical\nsurface can place the wrist in a naturally extended position and can help with\nwrist hooking. How is her pencil grasp and is it just the hooking that is the\nproblem?\n\nReply\n\n * Kelly says\n\nFebruary 21, 2013 at 6:52 pm\n\nThank you for your response! Her grasp seems to be ok...only wrist hooking.\nBut additionally, her handwriting is very illegible – she displays poor\ncontrol and inconsistent/inefficient formation of letters. So would wrist\nposition be a priority to improve in your opinion?\n\n 9. smartowls says\n\nDecember 6, 2012 at 11:23 pm\n\nA really helpful piece. I shared it on my blog Smart Owls as this is a subject\nthat many parents ask about. Thank you so much.\n\nReply\n\n 10. cotomwed says\n\nDecember 4, 2012 at 9:34 pm\n\nChristie, Do you have any articles you could direct me to that talk about\nefficient writing? (I’d take books, too, but articles would be more ideal.)\nI’m probably going to talk to the curriculum person in our school district\nabout why I think we should include how to hold a pencil in kindergarten and\nneed articles for back up.\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nDecember 5, 2012 at 7:18 am\n\nI would check the educational standards for Kindergarten first to see what is\nmentioned about expectations for Kindergarteners & pencil grasp by the end of\nthe Kindergarten year. If it’s mentioned in the standards, then that should be\nall you need.\n\nReply\n\n 11. MyFavorgifts says\n\nSeptember 26, 2012 at 9:28 am\n\nA way that taught me how to hold a pencil correctly as a child is i used these\nlittle rubber molds that slip onto your pens and pencils that were shaped to\nthe form of holding your pencil so it in a way forced you to hold it properly\nand after writing like that for awhile i naturally held them in that manner.\n\nReply\n\n 12. 52BrandNew says\n\nSeptember 17, 2012 at 1:08 pm\n\nGreat post! My son’s OT recommended something called a Handi Writer and it has\nhelped tremendously.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Jeneva says\n\nSeptember 17, 2012 at 12:05 pm\n\nThank you for this, I will be trying these with my (almost) 4 year old son.\nHowever, he doesn’t put much pressure on the paper while writing so he gets\nfrustrated because it doesn’t look correct. When I help him I talk him through\nwhat needs to happen and help his hand put more pressure on the paper while he\nperforms the movements. But I’m not sure if I’m hurting or helping him. He\nstill goes back and forth between hands when doing anything so I’m not sure if\nthat is part of the reason? And it’s the same whether he is writing on a table\nor vertically against a wall or easel. The utensil (crayon, pencil, dry erase\nmarker, etc) doesn’t seem to make a different either. He also has a difficult\ntime with using scissors still, always wanting to keep his thumb down.\n\nAny suggestions?\n\nReply\n\n 14. Charity says\n\nSeptember 17, 2012 at 12:03 pm\n\nHuh...all this is interesting, especially your replies. I was told that I hold\nmy pencil incorrectly because it rests on my middle finger and creates an\nindent there. I was told that the pencil is instead supposed to be pinched\nbetween the thumb and the middle/fore fingers. I have never been able to\nsuccessfully do that. Perhaps the problem with my tripod grip is just that I\nhold too tight then? This is helpful for teaching my daughter though because\nshe naturally does tripod and I kept trying to get her to pinch it like I was\ntold to do.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Mary says\n\nSeptember 17, 2012 at 11:08 am\n\nThese are great! My kids seem to be doing alright but I know a lot of moms\nthat have questions. I’m definitely going to send them this link!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Amber Baker says\n\nSeptember 3, 2012 at 10:14 pm\n\nDo you have an article or link to talk about why proper grip is so important?\nI hold my pen the “wrong” way and I remember growing up my mom would try to\nchange my grip. I’ve never understood why it matters.\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nSeptember 3, 2012 at 10:35 pm\n\nAmber, that is such a great and important question. I also hold my pencil the\n“wrong” way and actually have vivid memories of my Kindergarten teacher\nwalking over to my table, changing my grip, and walking away...then I switched\nit back because I liked it better!\n\nSo here’s the deal: we want kids to be able to find a pencil grip that is not\nonly comfortable, but EFFICIENT. The traditional tripod (thumb and finger\npinching pencil while middle finger supports it) is often a very efficient\ngrasp. It allows people to write while using an appropriate amount of pressure\n(being able to generate enough strength to press down on the paper, but not\nhaving to press so hard that they rip the paper or fatigue quickly) and it\nalso allows them to write without quickly fatiguing. An “inefficient” grip\nwill cause your hand to cramp up and your hand muscles to get really tired, so\nyou’ll constantly have to be taking breaks and shaking out your hand more\nfrequently than if you held the pencil with a more efficient grasp. Since kids\nare required to do so much writing in school, it’s important that they develop\nan efficient and functional grasp from an early age because it’s really\ndifficult to change it once they’re used to it (I’m a perfect example).\n\nFor most people, they find a pencil grasp that works for them and that’s the\nend of it. But for some kids, the grasp they’re using doesn’t work for them\nand they end up really struggling in school because of it (they write much\nslower, their hand fatigues very quickly, etc.). That’s when the grasp is\nimportant. Though we are NOT handwriting teachers, OTs can work with kids to\naddress the underlying issues related to their handwriting difficulties, and\nsometimes grasp and fine motor strength are the culprits (though sometimes\nit’s other things).\n\nI’m totally with you: there is no “one way” to hold a pencil and, trust me, I\nhave seen some funky pencil grasps that totally work for people. But it’s all\nabout function, and we want to start kids off on the right foot so they are\nsetting themselves up for handwriting and school success, rather than forming\nhabits that will be really, really hard to break.\n\nHope this helps!\n\nReply\n\n * Amber Baker says\n\nSeptember 3, 2012 at 10:46 pm\n\nThat totally makes sense. I’ve also noticed that I don’t have particularly\nneat writing, so I’ve wondered if that was another reason for the traditional\ntripod grasp (I use my middle two fingers, pressing the pen against my palm,\nwhich probably doesn’t give me as much control). So interesting. I will also\nbe teaching my boys “proper” grasp because as you said it is nearly impossible\nto switch once the habit is formed.\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nSeptember 3, 2012 at 11:35 pm\n\nI think you and I have a similar grasp. I’ve stuck with mine because I like\nthe way my writing looks when I use it, but I am a fairly slow writer compared\nto others and my hand gets tired pretty quickly, so if I have to write fast or\nI have a lot to write (like during an essay test), I usually switch to tripod.\nAnd I also make sure to demonstrate tripod when I’m working with kids, too.\nBest of luck with your boys!\n\n 17. laura says\n\nSeptember 2, 2012 at 4:13 pm\n\nthese are great! thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nSeptember 2, 2012 at 4:50 pm\n\nYou’re welcome, I hope they help.\n\nReply\n\n 18. christiekiley says\n\nAugust 28, 2012 at 9:57 pm\n\nGreat! There are great crayons that are similar to what you’re talking about.\nThey’re called “rock crayons” and basically look like little pebbles. Many OT\nclinics have them and you can easily find them online. Here is one link to\nhelp you find them on Amazon: http://tinyurl.com/9e9f3ad.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Juiie Moses says\n\nAugust 26, 2012 at 4:27 pm\n\nI started my daughter out using homemade crayons that are flat-like the heart\ncrayons you see around Valentine’s Day. Works on the same principle as the\nshort pencils-there is no other way to hold them except for the trippod grasp.\n\nReply\n\n 20. newmorningcommunitypreschool says\n\nAugust 26, 2012 at 4:12 pm\n\ntiny pieces of crayon – you can only hold the right way! Doing fun stuff the\nright way like beading & fine art. We call the correct grip the ‘three\npinching crab’ to make it really fun 😉\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nAugust 28, 2012 at 9:55 pm\n\nYes, we LOVE tiny pieces of crayon!...and chalk, and eraser, and sponge, and\ntissue paper. This list goes on. And what a cute name.\n\nReply\n\n * Whozat says\n\nJanuary 29, 2014 at 8:03 am\n\nI also tell my daughter to “pinch it like a crab” and when she’s hooking her\nindex finger over the pencil (which she always wants to do) I tell her that’s\nnot a crab, that’s a seahorse (because he wraps his tail around the seaweed).\n\n 21. Alison Stumpf says\n\nAugust 26, 2012 at 4:08 pm\n\nI often wonder if it was ‘better’ for teaching grip when Kindergarten age\nstudent used the big thick crayons ? What do you think ?\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nAugust 28, 2012 at 9:54 pm\n\nGood question. Though it was long thought that fat crayons were ideal for\nlittle developing hands so that they could hold them more easily and develop\nskill, we (as in, the therapy and teaching community) are actually finding\nthat fat crayons do just the opposite...they don’t challenge kids’ tiny hand\nmuscles, so they aren’t able to develop the strength they need in order\nisolate those finger and hand muscles to make precise movements needed in pre-\nwriting and writing activities. Think about it: how much hand skill could you\ndevelop if you as an adult were coloring or writing with a crayon that was as\nfat as, say, a paper towel roll? (proportionally speaking 🙂 )\n\nI actually wrote a post about this when I first started the blog. You can\ncheck it out here: http://mamaot.com/2012/04/22/dont-throw-out-your-broken-\ncrayons/\n\nReply\n\n 22. Rebekah Travis says\n\nAugust 26, 2012 at 11:25 am\n\nWhat about lefties? I have a nephew who is left handed and his mama doesn’t\nquite know how to help him.\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nAugust 26, 2012 at 3:25 pm\n\nGood question. I have worked with lefties and, though every child is\ndifferent, lefties are capable of using a nice tripod grasp just like\nrighties. Some kids benefit from adding another finger on top of the pencil to\nstabilize in a “quadrupod” position. Also, if you rotate the paper so the left\ncorner points up, it will make it easier to write so he doesn’t feel like he\nhas to write with extreme wrist flexion or by raising his hand off the paper.\nThe opposite is true for righties: rotate the paper so the right corner is\npointing up, which most kids do naturally anyway. One last thing: pencil\nsmears less than pen, so pencils make for more legible work for lefties who\nwill naturally drag their hand over their writing. Hope that helps!\n\nReply\n\n * adria janni says\n\nOctober 18, 2015 at 4:59 am\n\nThank you for the lefties suggestions. I currently have two 3.5 year olds in\nmy daycare. One is right-handed the other left. In early September neither\ncould hold pencil correctly and their control of writing/movement was all over\nthe place. I had read your tips about a year ago and always remembered them.\nDidn’t have to use your tips until this September. Let me just say they\nworked. Now only 6 weeks later both have a much better grasp and loads more\ncontrol. They are learning to write their names and are quite legible.\n\n 23. Vicki says\n\nAugust 25, 2012 at 6:28 pm\n\nI draw a tiny “magic” dot on their middle finger where the pencil should rest\nand they have to hide the dot with the pencil. Helps keep that finger under\nrather than on top.\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nAugust 28, 2012 at 9:49 pm\n\nLove it.\n\nReply\n\n 24. jeanne says\n\nAugust 25, 2012 at 6:19 pm\n\nOh, these are so good! I will post them and pin them! The only one I would add\n– or would love your tip as well – is that many young children try to write\nwhile their hand/arm is suspended above the paper. My tip is offering the idea\nthat “your hand is kind of on vacation when you are drawing/writing so you can\njust let your hand relax right on the paper!” Cheers.\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nAugust 28, 2012 at 9:49 pm\n\nWhat a cute way to explain it. That attempt at writing with hand/arm suspended\nabove the paper is actually a developmentally appropriate strategy for little\nones (like toddlers) while they are still working on developing strength and\ncontrol in their wrists and fingers. But kids should start using their wrists\nmore as they progress through preschool and Kindergarten in order to have a\n“dynamic” grasp. One easy suggestion for helping to develop this dynamic wrist\nmovement while grasping the crayon is to have them engage with vertical\nsurfaces such as coloring on easels, the sides of cardboard boxes (could draw\na pretend house), using bath tub crayons on the wall during bath time, etc.\nThis will help them start to gain strength and movement while their wrist is\nbent “backward” in extension and will put them well on their way to being\nstrong writers!\n\nReply\n\n 25. JDaniel4's Mom says\n\nAugust 25, 2012 at 4:18 am\n\nThank you for these great tips! I will be showing them to my son.\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nAugust 28, 2012 at 9:44 pm\n\nHope they help!\n\nReply\n\n 26. Love and Lollipops says\n\nAugust 25, 2012 at 3:09 am\n\nShared this on my Facebook page – thank you , it’s very helpful.\n\nReply\n\n * christiekiley says\n\nAugust 28, 2012 at 9:43 pm\n\nYou’re welcome 🙂\n\nReply\n\n### Trackbacks\n\n 1. Trackback software says:\n\nNovember 9, 2012 at 5:00 pm\n\n[...] 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly – Mama OTMama\nOT. Full article at: http://mamaot.com/2012/07/19/3-tricks-to-help-kids-learn-\nto-hold-their-pencil-correctly/ Source Page [...]\n\nReply\n\n 2. Your Questions About Preschool Learn To Write | Pre School Learning to Write says:\n\nNovember 6, 2012 at 10:00 pm\n\n[...] School Lunch Without Tuna: Mercury Policy Project Pushes Department Of\nAgriculture To Scrap Tuna From Schools3 tricks to help kids learn to hold\ntheir pencil correctly – Mama OTMama OT [...]\n\nReply\n\n 3. 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | Cheri's Occupational Therapy | Scoop.it says:\n\nOctober 31, 2012 at 8:32 am\n\n[...] 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly From\nmamaot.com – Today, 10:31 AM Pencil grip is one of those things that is really\nhard to re-teach if kids initially learn it incorrectly. Though every child\nwill end up settling on a pencil grip that works best for him or her, i... Via\nCarol Leynse Harpold [...]\n\nReply\n\n 4. 50 Fun Ways to Play with Tongs - Mama OTMama OT says:\n\nOctober 16, 2012 at 10:05 pm\n\n[...] and chopsticks are great for developing hand skills necessary for\ncutting with scissors and writing with pencils. Earlier this week I shared a\nDIY tutorial on how to make kiddie chopsticks, and I mentioned that [...]\n\nReply\n\n 5. Your Questions About Preschool Learning To Write | PreSchoolLearningToWrite says:\n\nOctober 15, 2012 at 5:32 pm\n\n[...] Chad Richardson's Blog – The Official Translation of WineTrixi's HomeEd\nAcademyVeggie Highlight: All Hail To KaleProbably the most amazing view\ndistance in video gamesChad Richardson's Blog – Benefits of a Local\nTranslation CompanyChad Richardson's Blog – Localization Services for Software\nand Technical ContentChad Richardson's Blog – How do you say that!3 tricks to\nhelp kids learn to hold their pencil correctly – Mama OTMama OT [...]\n\nReply\n\n 6. Pencil grip « smartowls says:\n\nSeptember 20, 2012 at 1:40 am\n\n[...] their pencil correctly is an issue which comes up frequently so I wanted\nto share this wonderful blog post from Mama [...]\n\nReply\n\n 7. Weekend Reads 8.25.12 | Not Just CuteNot Just Cute says:\n\nAugust 25, 2012 at 12:30 am\n\n[...] 3 Tricks to Help Kids Learn to Hold Their Pencil Correctly {Mama OT}\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n 8. 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | OT @ Work | Scoop.it says:\n\nAugust 17, 2012 at 5:01 am\n\n[...] Pencil grip is one of those things that is really hard to re-teach if\nkids initially learn it incorrectly. Though every child will end up settling\non a pencil grip that works best for him or her, i... [...]\n\nReply\n\n 9. 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | Occupational Therapy Magazine | Scoop.it says:\n\nAugust 6, 2012 at 10:37 pm\n\n[...] Pencil grip is one of those things that is really hard to re-teach if\nkids initially learn it incorrectly. Though every child will end up settling\non a pencil grip that works best for him or her, i... [...]\n\nReply\n\n 10. 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | Grow With Kids | Scoop.it says:\n\nJuly 22, 2012 at 5:37 am\n\n[...] Pencil grip is one of those things that is really hard to re-teach if\nkids initially learn it incorrectly. Though every child will end up settling\non a pencil grip that works best for him or her, i... [...]\n\nReply\n\n 11. 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | Kids@Play | Scoop.it says:\n\nJuly 19, 2012 at 11:03 am\n\n[...] Pencil grip is one of those things that is really hard to re-teach if\nkids initially learn it incorrectly. Though every child will end up settling\non a pencil grip that works best for him or her, i... [...]\n\nReply\n\n### Share your thoughts . . . Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Looking for something?\n\n[convertkit form=4884621]\n\n### Let's Connect!\n\n### Browse My Categories\n\n * 01\\. Infants (0-1)\n * 02\\. Toddlers (1-3)\n * 03\\. Preschoolers (3-5)\n * 04\\. Early Elementary (5-7)\n * 05\\. Sensory\n * 06\\. Fine Motor\n * 07\\. Fine Motor Activities Using Household Items\n * 08\\. Sleep (or a lack thereof)\n * 09\\. Feeding & Mealtime\n * 10\\. Self-Care Skills\n * 11\\. Breastfeeding & Pumping\n * 12\\. Pregnancy\n * 13\\. Guest Posts\n * 14\\. Product Reviews\n * 15\\. Apps for Therapy\n * 16\\. For School OTs\n * 17\\. For Prospective OT Students\n\n### Check out these helpful affiliate products\n\nCopyright © 2021 · Foodie Pro Theme by Shay Bocks · Built on the Genesis\nFramework · Powered by WordPress\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.todaysparent.com/kids/preschool/pencil-grip/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211120200902/https://www.todaysparent.com/kids/preschool/pencil-grip/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to teach your preschooler proper pencil grip", "passages": [ "At age three, you can start teaching your kid how to properly hold a pencil. And don't worry, there are lots of fun ways to teach this fine motor skill.", "Teaching my then-four-year-old daughter, Ann, how to print her name was exasperating. With only two different letters, I wondered how it could be so hard. But even connecting three dots to form part of a capital A seemed beyond her. Sometimes, the pencil would shoot right past the target dot; other times, it would get there with such a meandering curve that it didn’t look like a line at all. I was eager for Ann to be able to print her name by the time she started kindergarten. Little did I know, kids need to master lots of skills before forming those first squiggly letters.", "Remember your doctor asking if your one-year-old could pick up a small piece of food with two fingers? She wanted to know if his pincer grip was developing, the first check in making sure his fine motor skills (the ability to do things with the small muscles in his hands) were on track. These skills, along with hand and arm strength and hand-eye coordination, lay the early groundwork for printing.", "According to Lizette Alexander, an occupational therapist who runs Hand Skills for Children Toronto Occupational Therapy, at three years old, your child should be able to draw horizontal and vertical lines, cut with scissors and remove lids from small containers; at four, draw horizontal and vertical lines that cross, snip a straight line and lace with string; by five, trace lines, coy a square and cut out a circle.", "The good news is that much of what a child does in the preschool years (scribbling, crafts, working with playdough) naturally develops his skills. Even trying to colour within the lines is an important activity that builds strength and control in the forearm. For older kids, mazes and dot-to-dots are great practise for drawing straight lines, which they’ll need to master to form many letters. (My energetic daughter wasn’t interested in these sit-down activities, which is probably why printing came slowly for her.)", "Once your child has developed the hand strength and control to draw lines and simple shapes like a cross and a circle, he’s ready to start learning letters, says Alexander. But a key mistake many parents make is not ensuring their child holds the pencil correctly.", "“Many kids tend to do the fist grab,” says Helen Mather-Oliver, a preschool and primary educator in Winnipeg—they’ll wrap their fingers and thumb around the pencil and move their whole arm to draw. She recommends gently correcting them as young as age three, so they don’t develop a bad habit.", "Here’s a good trick: Try laying the pencil with the tip toward his hand and have him pick it up with his thumb and index finger (this is the pincer grip). Then, when he flips the pencil over to start to draw, he’ll be pinching it, and the pencil will rest between his thumb and index finger, which is a proper pencil grasp (try it, it works!). If this is hard for him, have him practise picking up small objects with his finger and thumb, or child-safe tweezers, to work on his pincer grip. Alexander suggests you break your preschooler’s crayons into one-inch pieces to encourage the proper grip early on. (If you search “proper pencil grip” on YouTube, you’ll find video tutorials so you can help your preschooler master this important skill.)", "But what if you have a child like mine, who never wants to sit? Fine motor skills can be developed away from the table. Alexander gets her five-year-old son to help her in the kitchen, cutting green beans or peppers with child-safe scissors, stirring batter and opening containers. Outside, kids can play in the sand or squeeze spray bottles of water to build hand strength, poke at bubbles for hand-eye coordination, and use sidewalk chalk for fine motor skills.", "Alexander cautions not to let kids’ fine motor skills go unchecked. If you think your child isn’t developing properly in this area, talk to your doctor or see an occupational therapist for an assessment. “Poor printing skills can impact a child’s self-esteem and even motivation to go to school,” says Alexander. But with early intervention, your child can get back on track—and you’ll both be thrilled to see his name signed on his latest masterpiece.", "St. Joseph Communications uses cookies for personalization, to customize its online advertisements, and for other purposes. Learn more or change your cookie preferences. By continuing to use our service, you agree to our use of cookies." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to teach your preschooler proper pencil grip\n\nPreschool\n\n# How to teach your preschooler proper pencil grip\n\nAt age three, you can start teaching your kid how to properly hold a pencil.\nAnd don't worry, there are lots of fun ways to teach this fine motor skill.\n\nBy Claire Gagne July 28, 2019\n\nPhoto: Stocksy\n\nTeaching my then-four-year-old daughter, Ann, how to print her name was\nexasperating. With only two different letters, I wondered how it could be so\nhard. But even connecting three dots to form part of a capital A seemed beyond\nher. Sometimes, the pencil would shoot right past the target dot; other times,\nit would get there with such a meandering curve that it didn’t look like a\nline at all. I was eager for Ann to be able to print her name by the time she\nstarted kindergarten. Little did I know, kids need to master lots of skills\nbefore forming those first squiggly letters.\n\nRemember your doctor asking if your one-year-old could pick up a small piece\nof food with two fingers? She wanted to know if his pincer grip was\ndeveloping, the first check in making sure his fine motor skills (the ability\nto do things with the small muscles in his hands) were on track. These skills,\nalong with hand and arm strength and hand-eye coordination, lay the early\ngroundwork for printing.\n\nAccording to Lizette Alexander, an occupational therapist who runs Hand Skills\nfor Children Toronto Occupational Therapy, at three years old, your child\nshould be able to draw horizontal and vertical lines, cut with scissors and\nremove lids from small containers; at four, draw horizontal and vertical lines\nthat cross, snip a straight line and lace with string; by five, trace lines,\ncoy a square and cut out a circle.\n\nThe good news is that much of what a child does in the preschool years\n(scribbling, crafts, working with playdough) naturally develops his skills.\nEven trying to colour within the lines is an important activity that builds\nstrength and control in the forearm. For older kids, mazes and dot-to-dots are\ngreat practise for drawing straight lines, which they’ll need to master to\nform many letters. (My energetic daughter wasn’t interested in these sit-down\nactivities, which is probably why printing came slowly for her.)\n\nOnce your child has developed the hand strength and control to draw lines and\nsimple shapes like a cross and a circle, he’s ready to start learning letters,\nsays Alexander. But a key mistake many parents make is not ensuring their\nchild holds the pencil correctly.\n\n“Many kids tend to do the fist grab,” says Helen Mather-Oliver, a preschool\nand primary educator in Winnipeg—they’ll wrap their fingers and thumb around\nthe pencil and move their whole arm to draw. She recommends gently correcting\nthem as young as age three, so they don’t develop a bad habit.\n\nHere’s a good trick: Try laying the pencil with the tip toward his hand and\nhave him pick it up with his thumb and index finger (this is the pincer grip).\nThen, when he flips the pencil over to start to draw, he’ll be pinching it,\nand the pencil will rest between his thumb and index finger, which is a proper\npencil grasp (try it, it works!). If this is hard for him, have him practise\npicking up small objects with his finger and thumb, or child-safe tweezers, to\nwork on his pincer grip. Alexander suggests you break your preschooler’s\ncrayons into one-inch pieces to encourage the proper grip early on. (If you\nsearch “proper pencil grip” on YouTube, you’ll find video tutorials so you can\nhelp your preschooler master this important skill.)\n\nBut what if you have a child like mine, who never wants to sit? Fine motor\nskills can be developed away from the table. Alexander gets her five-year-old\nson to help her in the kitchen, cutting green beans or peppers with child-safe\nscissors, stirring batter and opening containers. Outside, kids can play in\nthe sand or squeeze spray bottles of water to build hand strength, poke at\nbubbles for hand-eye coordination, and use sidewalk chalk for fine motor\nskills.\n\nAlexander cautions not to let kids’ fine motor skills go unchecked. If you\nthink your child isn’t developing properly in this area, talk to your doctor\nor see an occupational therapist for an assessment. “Poor printing skills can\nimpact a child’s self-esteem and even motivation to go to school,” says\nAlexander. But with early intervention, your child can get back on track—and\nyou’ll both be thrilled to see his name signed on his latest masterpiece.\n\nFILED UNDER: Education IndigoBTSsupplies Kindergarten Preschool development\nSchool\n\n##### Advertisement\n\n##### Advertisement\n\n0\n\n© Copyright 2021 St. Joseph Communications.\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Ad Choices\n * Advertise\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Customer Care\n\nSt. Joseph Communications uses cookies for personalization, to customize its\nonline advertisements, and for other purposes. Learn more or change your\ncookie preferences. By continuing to use our service, you agree to our use of\ncookies.\n\nWe use cookies (why?) You can change cookie preferences. Continued site use\nsignifies consent.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://educationandbehavior.com/teaching-proper-pencil-grip-to-develop-or-improve-handwriting/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211121184123/http://educationandbehavior.com/teaching-proper-pencil-grip-to-develop-or-improve-handwriting/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Help Your Child with Handwriting and Pencil Grip", "passages": [ "When learning to write, some children have difficulty developing an effective pencil grip. Holding a pencil with the right grip and appropriate amount of strength can make a big difference in a child’s handwriting.", "Parents and teachers can use strategies to help children improve the strength in their hands, how they hold their pencil, and the overall appearance of their handwriting.", "A common grip taught to children when developing handwriting skills is the tripod grip. The tripod grip is an effective way to use hand muscles when writing. The child holds the pencil with their thumb and index finger, while the pencil rests on their middle finger. See an example below.", "Some children learn the tripod grip naturally, while others need help from parents and teachers. It is recommended to teach the tripod grip when a child learns to write his or her own name, generally around age five.", "The child should not be gripping the pencil too tightly. Signs a child is holding a pencil too tightly include:", "The child’s fingers should be relaxed so their hand will not tire too quickly. Specifically, observe the index finger knuckle for signs of redness or whiteness which would indicate pressure on the joint. Also, ensure your child is not making a fist.", "For children who consistently hold the pencil too tightly, make a fist, or put pressure on the joint of the index finger, you can ask them to hold a small ball of clay or tissue, a small rubber ball, or a penny in their palm when they write. This should help relax the grip. See an example below.", "Ensure the grip is close to the tip as in the pictures above. Holding the pencil too far back allows for less writing control.", "To ensure correct positioning of your child’s body when writing, check that they are sitting with their feet flat on the floor and her bottom in the center of the chair’s seat. See correct body posture for writing in the image below.", "Keep in mind that some children have significant difficulty sitting this way for long. While it is best to encourage this posture, do not stop a writing lesson if a child struggles to sit this way. Just do the best you can to encourage them.", "The child should use their free hand to hold the paper in place as they write. For children who have trouble holding the paper, you can tape the paper to the table.", "Let your child choose and practice the tripod grip with different writing tools such as pens, markers, crayons, pencils, and coloring pencils. Another great tool to practice writing and pencil grip is the stylus for the IPAD.", "Occupational therapists who often work with children on handwriting and pencil grip skills have recommended a grip-friendly stylus such as the Universal Capactive Stylus Pen.", "Try using a rubber band. This is an effective strategy for some children. A rubber band helps keep the pencil in place, while allowing the pencil to slant naturally. Twist the rubber band once around the pencil and then around the child’s wrist as shown below.", "Sessions should be short (5 to 10 minutes for younger children or children who get easily frustrated and 10 to 15 minutes for older children or children who can work for longer periods without frustration)", "Let your child know when they are putting forth good effort or making progress with their skills (e.g., you worked hard on your writing today, you have been practicing hard, you wrote very nicely today).", "Let your child know how they can improve (e.g., try pressing a little lighter, open up your fist, move your fingers closer to the tip, etc.)", "Give students choices within the classroom or for homework as much as possible. Research shows that children are more eager and willing to participate when they have some choice and flexibility within the activity.", "Remember to always stay calm when working with a child or student, even if you think they should be getting something that they are not getting. If you get frustrated with them, they may start to feel anxious, angry, inferior, stupid, etc. which will lead to a less productive learning session.", "For children who have significant difficulty developing the tripod grip after consistent guidance and practice, try using tools to assist your child with grip development. Two highly-rated tools by parents, educators, and specialists are the The Pencil Grip Writing Claw, shown here:", "Since not every tool will work for every child, you will find some mixed reviews on these products; however, The Pencil Grip Writing Claw, and the The Pencil Grip Original Universal Ergonomic Writing Aid both have positive ratings overall.", "It is difficult to use a fist grip on a writing utensil that is that short. The hand automatically goes into a pincer type grasp similar to the tripod grip and the quadropod grip shown below.", "The quadropod grip is also an acceptable grip. If a child develops the quadropod grip naturally and is using it effectively, there is no reason to change their grip.", "Additionally, if a child has trouble developing the tripod grip after trying different strategies and practicing consistently, you could try teaching them the quadropod grip. All the same strategies listed above should be utilized when teaching the quadropod grip.", "Keep in mind that every child is different. Some respond to several strategies, others respond to a few, while others may not respond to any of these strategies. If your child is significantly struggling with pencil grip or other fine motor skills (e.g., using scissors, buttoning, zipping, using utensils, picking up small objects, etc.) despite consistent practice and guidance, inform your child’s school and/or doctor. They should be able to get a specialist involved such as an occupational therapist to determine what might be interfering with your child’s fine motor progress and what additional strategies might help.", "If you are a teacher, inform your student’s parents and the school team if you believe more assistance is needed than what you provide.", "You may also find this video helpful which suggests activities for improving hand-strength. When fine-motor muscles are stronger, pencil grip is easier!", "Education and Behavior – A free online library of research-based strategies for children! Keeping parents, caregivers, educators, counselors, and therapists on the same page.", "Rachel Wise is a certified school psychologist and licensed behavior specialist with a Master’s Degree in Education. She is also the head author and CEO at educationandbehavior.com, a site for parents, caregivers, educators, counselors, and therapists to find effective, research-based strategies that work for children. Rachel has been working with individuals with academic and behavioral needs for over 20 years and has a passion for making a positive difference in the lives of children and the adults who support them. For Rachel’s top behavioral strategies all in one place, check out her book, Building Confidence and Improving Behavior in Children, a Guide for Parents and Teachers. If you want Rachel to write for your business, offer behavioral or academic consultation, or speak at your facility about research- based strategies that support children, email her at rachelwise@educationandbehvior.com.", "Education and Behavior is a free online library of research-based strategies and information to support children in the areas of learning, behavior, and social-emotional development.", "Our mission is to improve the quality of life for all children by keeping adults on the same page with what science says works.", "The information on the site is not a substitute for mental health treatment or medical advice. It is recommended that decisions about a child’s mental health and education are made with a team of appropriate professionals along with the child’s parents or guardians. Education and Behavior is not liable for any decisions made by an adult or child which is said to be a result of something the viewer found in our content." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Help Your Child with Handwriting and Pencil Grip\n\n * Home\n * Multisensory Shop\n * Parents\n * Educators\n * Counselors\n * Anxiety/Depression\n * Autism\n * ADHD\n * Oppositional Defiant Disorder\n * Learning Disabilities\n * Intellectual Disability\n * Behavior Strategies\n * Bullying\n * Children’s Health\n * Education and Behavior Poems\n * Educational Games and Programs\n * Educational Strategies & Tips\n * Fun Ideas\n * Homeschool & Cyber School Info\n * Inspirational Stories/Videos\n * Math Strategies\n * Reading Strategies\n * Writing/Spelling Strategies\n * Contact\n * About Us\n\nEducation and behavior\n\n> Learning & Behavior Strategies\n\n> Educational Strategies & Tips\n\n> East-to-Follow Tips to Help A Child with Handwriting & Pencil Grip\n\n# East-to-Follow Tips to Help A Child with Handwriting & Pencil Grip\n\nby Rachel Wise Posted on January 31, 2021September 26, 2021\n\n## Sharing our content helps provide free tutoring to children in academic and\nfinancial need.\n\nmore\n\n7\n\nShares\n\n## Why Does Pencil Grip Matter?\n\nWhen learning to write, some children have difficulty developing an effective\npencil grip. Holding a pencil with the right grip and appropriate amount of\nstrength can make a big difference in a child’s handwriting.\n\n## What Can Parents and Teachers Do?\n\nParents and teachers can use strategies to help children improve the strength\nin their hands, how they hold their pencil, and the overall appearance of\ntheir handwriting.\n\n### Learn About the Tripod Grip\n\nA common grip taught to children when developing handwriting skills is the\ntripod grip. The tripod grip is an effective way to use hand muscles when\nwriting. The child holds the pencil with their thumb and index finger, while\nthe pencil rests on their middle finger. See an example below.\n\nSome children learn the tripod grip naturally, while others need help from\nparents and teachers. It is recommended to teach the tripod grip when a child\nlearns to write his or her own name, generally around age five.\n\n## What You Should Know When Teaching the Tripod Grip?\n\nThe child should not be gripping the pencil too tightly. Signs a child is\nholding a pencil too tightly include:\n\n * Rips in the paper\n * Pencil tips frequently breaking\n * White knuckles when writing\n\nThe child’s fingers should be relaxed so their hand will not tire too quickly.\nSpecifically, observe the index finger knuckle for signs of redness or\nwhiteness which would indicate pressure on the joint. Also, ensure your child\nis not making a fist.\n\nFor children who consistently hold the pencil too tightly, make a fist, or put\npressure on the joint of the index finger, you can ask them to hold a small\nball of clay or tissue, a small rubber ball, or a penny in their palm when\nthey write. This should help relax the grip. See an example below.\n\nEnsure the grip is close to the tip as in the pictures above. Holding the\npencil too far back allows for less writing control.\n\nRelated Article: How to Teach Children to Write Letters & Numbers with Correct\nForm and Positioning\n\n## How Should a Child Sit When Learning to Write?\n\nTo ensure correct positioning of your child’s body when writing, check that\nthey are sitting with their feet flat on the floor and her bottom in the\ncenter of the chair’s seat. See correct body posture for writing in the image\nbelow.\n\nKeep in mind that some children have significant difficulty sitting this way\nfor long. While it is best to encourage this posture, do not stop a writing\nlesson if a child struggles to sit this way. Just do the best you can to\nencourage them.\n\nThe child should use their free hand to hold the paper in place as they write.\nFor children who have trouble holding the paper, you can tape the paper to the\ntable.\n\n### Give Choices\n\nLet your child choose and practice the tripod grip with different writing\ntools such as pens, markers, crayons, pencils, and coloring pencils. Another\ngreat tool to practice writing and pencil grip is the stylus for the IPAD.\n\nOccupational therapists who often work with children on handwriting and pencil\ngrip skills have recommended a grip-friendly stylus such as the Universal\nCapactive Stylus Pen.\n\nMany children who do not like to practice handwriting the traditional way, are\neager to practice with writing apps.\n\n### Additional Strategies to Improve Handwriting and Pencil Grip\n\n * Try using a rubber band. This is an effective strategy for some children. A rubber band helps keep the pencil in place, while allowing the pencil to slant naturally. Twist the rubber band once around the pencil and then around the child’s wrist as shown below.\n\n * Encourage frequent practice through writing, drawing, or both\n * Sessions should be short (5 to 10 minutes for younger children or children who get easily frustrated and 10 to 15 minutes for older children or children who can work for longer periods without frustration)\n * Let your child know when they are putting forth good effort or making progress with their skills (e.g., you worked hard on your writing today, you have been practicing hard, you wrote very nicely today).\n * Let your child know how they can improve (e.g., try pressing a little lighter, open up your fist, move your fingers closer to the tip, etc.)\n * Give students choices within the classroom or for homework as much as possible. Research shows that children are more eager and willing to participate when they have some choice and flexibility within the activity.\n * Remember to always stay calm when working with a child or student, even if you think they should be getting something that they are not getting. If you get frustrated with them, they may start to feel anxious, angry, inferior, stupid, etc. which will lead to a less productive learning session.\n\n## Are There Specific Tools for Writing and Pencil Grip?\n\nFor children who have significant difficulty developing the tripod grip after\nconsistent guidance and practice, try using tools to assist your child with\ngrip development. Two highly-rated tools by parents, educators, and\nspecialists are the The Pencil Grip Writing Claw, shown here:\n\nand the Pencil Grip Original Universal Ergonomic Writing Aid, shown here:\n\nSince not every tool will work for every child, you will find some mixed\nreviews on these products; however, The Pencil Grip Writing Claw, and the The\nPencil Grip Original Universal Ergonomic Writing Aid both have positive\nratings overall.\n\n## Why Should Some Students Use Broken or Worn Down Crayons or Very Short\nPencils?\n\nIt is difficult to use a fist grip on a writing utensil that is that short.\nThe hand automatically goes into a pincer type grasp similar to the tripod\ngrip and the quadropod grip shown below.\n\n## What is The Quadropod Grip?\n\nThe quadropod grip is also an acceptable grip. If a child develops the\nquadropod grip naturally and is using it effectively, there is no reason to\nchange their grip.\n\nAdditionally, if a child has trouble developing the tripod grip after trying\ndifferent strategies and practicing consistently, you could try teaching them\nthe quadropod grip. All the same strategies listed above should be utilized\nwhen teaching the quadropod grip.\n\n## What If My Child Needs More Support Thank I Can Provide?\n\nKeep in mind that every child is different. Some respond to several\nstrategies, others respond to a few, while others may not respond to any of\nthese strategies. If your child is significantly struggling with pencil grip\nor other fine motor skills (e.g., using scissors, buttoning, zipping, using\nutensils, picking up small objects, etc.) despite consistent practice and\nguidance, inform your child’s school and/or doctor. They should be able to get\na specialist involved such as an occupational therapist to determine what\nmight be interfering with your child’s fine motor progress and what additional\nstrategies might help.\n\nIf you are a teacher, inform your student’s parents and the school team if you\nbelieve more assistance is needed than what you provide.\n\nReferences: Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents Evaluating\nEffective Pencil Grasps\n\nVideo Presentation of Article:\n\nYou may also find this video helpful which suggests activities for improving\nhand-strength. When fine-motor muscles are stronger, pencil grip is easier!\n\nRecommended Tools to Improve Handwriting and Pencil Grip\n\nRecommended Hand-Strengthening Tools for Kids:\n\nEducation and Behavior – A free online library of research-based strategies\nfor children! Keeping parents, caregivers, educators, counselors, and\ntherapists on the same page.\n\nPlease share this resource!\n\nRachel Wise\n\nRachel Wise is a certified school psychologist and licensed behavior\nspecialist with a Master’s Degree in Education. She is also the head author\nand CEO at educationandbehavior.com, a site for parents, caregivers,\neducators, counselors, and therapists to find effective, research-based\nstrategies that work for children. Rachel has been working with individuals\nwith academic and behavioral needs for over 20 years and has a passion for\nmaking a positive difference in the lives of children and the adults who\nsupport them. For Rachel’s top behavioral strategies all in one place, check\nout her book, Building Confidence and Improving Behavior in Children, a Guide\nfor Parents and Teachers. If you want Rachel to write for your business, offer\nbehavioral or academic consultation, or speak at your facility about research-\nbased strategies that support children, email her at\nrachelwise@educationandbehvior.com.\n\nwww.educationandbehavior.com\n\n## Sharing our content helps provide free tutoring to children in academic and\nfinancial need.\n\nmore\n\n7\n\nShares\n\nFind Out How To Become a Certified Self-Esteem Coach for Children\n\nDonate to Education and Behavior at the Button Below to Give Free Tutoring and\nSocial Support to Children with Disabilities in Financial Need. Contact Us for\nMore Information.\n\n## Releated Topics\n\n### Find Out How Using 3D Printers in the Classroom Makes Learning Exciting\nfor Students\n\nNovember 20, 2021\n\n### Find Out How the Visualizing and Verbalizing Program Helps Children with\nReading Comprehension\n\nNovember 10, 2021\n\n### Do You Have These 4 Qualities of a Positive Role Model for Children?\n\nNovember 3, 2021\n\n### Check Out These 10 Great Educational Songs for Young Kids!\n\nOctober 15, 2021\n\n### Display This Cheat Sheet in Your School or Home for a Quick Visual\nReminder of...\n\nSeptember 23, 2021\n\n### Insightful Man on Autism Spectrum Enlightens Us With His Perspective\n\nSeptember 14, 2021\n\n## Follow us\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n * instagram\n * linkedin\n * youtube\n * pinterest\n\n## Browse Our Menu\n\n## Search\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n * Find Out How Using 3D Printers in the Classroom Makes Learni...\n * Find Out How the Visualizing and Verbalizing Program Helps C...\n * Do You Have These 4 Qualities of a Positive Role Model for C...\n * Thank you to These 5 Big-Name Company Sponsorships for Helpi...\n * Check Out These 10 Great Educational Songs for Young Kids!\n\n## Sign up for updates\n\n## Donate\n\nDonate to Education and Behavior to Give Free Tutoring and Social Support to\nChildren with Disabilities in Financial Need. Contact Us for More Information.\n\n## Building Confidence Book\n\nTake a Peek at Our Research-Based Behavioral Guide for Parents and Teachers:\nBuilding Confidence and Improving Behavior in Children\n\n### Education and Behavior\n\nEducation and Behavior is a free online library of research-based strategies\nand information to support children in the areas of learning, behavior, and\nsocial-emotional development.\n\nOur mission is to improve the quality of life for all children by keeping\nadults on the same page with what science says works.\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n * instagram\n * linkedin\n * youtube\n * pinterest\n\n### All Topics\n\n * Behavior Strategies\n * Reading Strategies\n * Math Strategies\n * Writing/Spelling Strategies\n * Anxiety/Depression\n * ADHD\n * Autism\n * Children’s Health\n * Homeschool & Cyber School Info\n * Fun Ideas\n * Screening Tools\n * Special Education\n * Inspirational Stories/Videos\n * Study Skills\n * Educational Games and Programs\n * Education and Behavior Poems\n * Social Stories\n * Social-Emotional\n * Bullying\n\n### Quick Links\n\n * About Us\n * Contact\n * Resources\n * Privacy Policy\n\nThe information on the site is not a substitute for mental health treatment or\nmedical advice. It is recommended that decisions about a child’s mental health\nand education are made with a team of appropriate professionals along with the\nchild’s parents or guardians. Education and Behavior is not liable for any\ndecisions made by an adult or child which is said to be a result of something\nthe viewer found in our content.\n\nCopyright © 2021. All Rights Reserved.\n\nTranslate »\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://mamaot.com:80/2012/07/19/3-tricks-to-help-kids-learn-to-hold-their-pencil-correctly", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150821074313/http://mamaot.com:80/2012/07/19/3-tricks-to-help-kids-learn-to-hold-their-pencil-correctly", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Hold Your Pencil When You Draw", "passages": [ "While doodling can create amazing pieces of art like the ones we’ve recently shared in our facebook posts, for the most part wont produce the kinds of lines you want to make to really get your drawings to show off the fluid or gestural lines you really want. So what can you do about it? Well, here at Jerry’s we at the Blog Squad have been practicing our drawing and sketching and wanted to help share some pointers to help make you a better drawer.Â", "Going back to grade school we learned how to hold our pencils in order to write. This method gave us the coordination to draw small lines and curves in order to form letters and numbers. To create small details and short lines, we can use the exact same grip!", "Grip the pencil like you would when you sit down to write a letter- between your thumb, index and middle finger.", "Do not keep your wrist on the desk or drawing surface. Instead, you want to move both your hand and forearm when you draw as this will give you control without grounding you which leads to more unplanned curves in your lines and details.", "Let the knuckles on your pinky barely touch or glide along the paper as you draw. Doing this will keep your forearm up while keeping your pencil just a bit more sideways so that you can choose how thick to make your lines-either with the point or along the side of the lead.", "To make longer and straighter lines, we need to turn to a different grip. By drawing from your elbow and holding your pencil a different way, you will be able to increase the range of the straight lines you can draw. This is called the “underhand method” and it takes awhile to get comfortable with it, but once you do, you will be able to draw anything.", "Use your hand, forearm and elbow to do most of the moving while you draw, while keeping the pencil and your fingers pretty still. This will keep you steady as you create longer, steadier lines.", "By following these general rules of thumb, you will be able to draw better. Experiment with both and figure out which one makes you feel more comfortable with the results you’re looking for. It seems like some simple tips, but it just may save your life." ] }, "parsed_md": "3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly - Mama OTMama OT\n\n# Mama OT\n\n## Tips and tricks for those who care for children\n\n# 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly\n\nPosted on July 19, 2012 by christiekiley\n\nPencil grip is one of those things that is really hard to re-teach if kids\ninitially learn it incorrectly. Though every child will end up settling on a\npencil grip that works best for him or her, introducing the standard “tripod”\ngrasp (pinching with thumb and index finger while resting on middle finger) is\na good place to start. However, this can seem virtually impossible when you’re\ndealing with five- and six-year-olds who don’t even know their left from\nright, let alone how to divide up their fingers into different positions.\n\nGiven the tricky nature of pencil holding — and its impact on kids’\nhandwriting skills — I thought I’d share a few OT-based tricks so you can help\nkids learn how to hold their pencil correctly.\n\nTrick #1: Use shorter pencils. A shorter pencil means less space for cramming\nin unnecessary fingers. It basically forces kids to pinch with thumb and index\nfinger. This is why the popular curriculum Handwriting Without Tears uses\ntheir own brand of short pencils, however, golf pencils work just fine, too.\nIt’s also why occupational therapists often have kids use crayons that have\nbeen broken in half if they are having trouble using an age-appropriate grasp.\nClick here to read more about why kids should use shorter crayons.\n\nTrick #2: Teach them the “pinch and flip”.\n\nIf shorter pencils don’t do the trick for your little writer, then teach them\nthe “pinch and flip”. Simply have them pinch the sharpened end of the pencil\nand then flip it around until it gently rests in the “webspace” (that soft\nskin between your thumb and index finger) in the ready position. Watch the\nvideo below for a less-than-one-minute demonstration and explanation of this\ntrick.\n\nTrick #3: Have them hide something under their last two fingers. If shorter\npencils and the “pinch and flip” don’t work, then try having students hide\nsomething under their pinky and ring fingers. These two fingers are supposed\nto bend toward the palm while the thumb, index, and middle fingers do all the\nwork. However, sometimes kids have a hard time with this because they can’t\nyet “separate” the two sides of their hand (the pinky side and the thumb\nside). This trick will take care of that. It really doesn’t matter what they\nhide under their last two fingers, as long as they can comfortably do so\nwithout their fingers bulging out from their hand because the item is too big,\nor having to squeeze too tightly because it’s too small. Try using a small\nball of playdough, cotton ball, marble, bead, crumpled piece of tissue paper,\nor tiny rubbery toy.\n\nRemember that, in addition to teaching kids “tricks” for holding their pencil\ncorrectly, they also need strong muscles in their hands, shoulders, and even\nin their core muscles to be able to sit up and write with control.\n\nFor fine motor resources you can (legally) download to your computer or print\nfor your own use, check out these helpful e-books from OT Mom Learning\nActivities, packed with practical, ready-to-use activity ideas (affiliate\nlinks included for your convenience, disclosure here):\n\nOT Mom’s Fine Motor Activities for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Shoulder Girdle Exercises for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Core Exercises for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Bilateral Coordination Activities for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Scissor Cutting Skills for Kids\n\nOT Mom’s Fine Motor Bundle (Discounted price on Fine Motor Activities plus\nScissor Skills Activities plus FREE Bonus Cutting Template)\n\nAnd for access to all of OT Mom’s e-books, check out her Mega Motor Bundle,\nwhich includes all of her e-books at a discounted price!\n\nWant more handy tips and tricks to help the kids in your life? Then subscribe\nto Mama OT by clicking \"Subscribe!\" on the homepage so you can receive new\nposts via email. And be sure to keep up with all of Mama OT's tips and info\nshared on Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest!\n\nIn addition to being mama to two sweet little boys and wife to a crazy awesome\nhusband, Christie is a Registered & Licensed Occupational Therapist (OTR/L).\nShe holds a B.A. in Psychology with a Minor in Education from the University\nof California Los Angeles (UCLA...Go Bruins!), and an M.A. in Occupational\nTherapy from the University of Southern California (USC OT). She has\nexperience working as a pediatric OT in early intervention (birth to 3),\nclinic-based, and school-based settings. Her mission with MamaOT.com is to\nencourage, educate, and empower those who care for children. Christie loves\nthat she gets to PLAY when she goes to work, is hopelessly addicted to Kettle\nCorn, and is known for being able to turn virtually anything into a\ntherapeutic tool or activity, from empty food containers to laundry and\neverything in between. Learn more about Christie and what inspired her to\nbecome an OT.\n\nOccupational therapy (OT) is a holistic profession that helps people across\nthe lifespan participate in the things they want and need to do through the\ntherapeutic use of everyday activities, also known as “occupations”. Some OTs\nhelp people diagnosed with disability, injury, or disease. Others help prevent\ndisability, injury, or disease. Because of occupational therapy, people of all\nages are able to say, \"I can!\" no matter what their struggle. Isn't that\namazing?!\n\n. . . . .\n\nPlease provide appropriate supervision to the child in your care when\ncompleting any activities from this site. You as the grown-up will need to\ndecide what types of products/activities on this list will be safe for your\nchild. If you’re not sure, check with your child’s occupational therapist or\npediatrician. Appropriate and reasonable caution should be used when\nimplementing any ideas or activities from this site, particularly if there is\nany risk of injury (e.g., falling, crashing), choking (e.g., small parts),\ndrowning (e.g., water play), or allergic/adverse reaction (e.g.,\nmaterials/ingredients). The author and blog disclaim liability for any damage,\nmishap, or injury that may occur from engaging in any activities or ideas from\nthis site.\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Email\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\nThis entry was posted in 03. Preschoolers (3-5), 04. Early Elementary (5-7),\n06. Fine Motor and tagged Classroom, Cursive, Education, Handwriting, kids,\nOccupational therapy, Pencil, Printing, School, Teaching, Writing, Writing\nInstruments by christiekiley. Bookmark the permalink.\n\n## 50 thoughts on “3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly”\n\n 1. Pingback: 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | Kids@Play | Scoop.it\n\n 2. Pingback: 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | Grow With Kids | Scoop.it\n\n 3. Pingback: 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | Occupational Therapy Magazine | Scoop.it\n\n 4. Pingback: 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | OT @ Work | Scoop.it\n\n 5. Pingback: Weekend Reads 8.25.12 | Not Just CuteNot Just Cute\n\n 6. Love and Lollipops on August 25, 2012 at 3:09 am said:\n\nShared this on my Facebook page – thank you , it’s very helpful.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:43 pm said:\n\nYou’re welcome\n\nReply ↓\n\n 7. JDaniel4's Mom on August 25, 2012 at 4:18 am said:\n\nThank you for these great tips! I will be showing them to my son.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:44 pm said:\n\nHope they help!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 8. jeanne on August 25, 2012 at 6:19 pm said:\n\nOh, these are so good! I will post them and pin them! The only one I would add\n– or would love your tip as well – is that many young children try to write\nwhile their hand/arm is suspended above the paper. My tip is offering the idea\nthat “your hand is kind of on vacation when you are drawing/writing so you can\njust let your hand relax right on the paper!” Cheers.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:49 pm said:\n\nWhat a cute way to explain it. That attempt at writing with hand/arm suspended\nabove the paper is actually a developmentally appropriate strategy for little\nones (like toddlers) while they are still working on developing strength and\ncontrol in their wrists and fingers. But kids should start using their wrists\nmore as they progress through preschool and Kindergarten in order to have a\n“dynamic” grasp. One easy suggestion for helping to develop this dynamic wrist\nmovement while grasping the crayon is to have them engage with vertical\nsurfaces such as coloring on easels, the sides of cardboard boxes (could draw\na pretend house), using bath tub crayons on the wall during bath time, etc.\nThis will help them start to gain strength and movement while their wrist is\nbent “backward” in extension and will put them well on their way to being\nstrong writers!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 9. Vicki on August 25, 2012 at 6:28 pm said:\n\nI draw a tiny “magic” dot on their middle finger where the pencil should rest\nand they have to hide the dot with the pencil. Helps keep that finger under\nrather than on top.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:49 pm said:\n\nLove it.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 10. Rebekah Travis on August 26, 2012 at 11:25 am said:\n\nWhat about lefties? I have a nephew who is left handed and his mama doesn’t\nquite know how to help him.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on August 26, 2012 at 3:25 pm said:\n\nGood question. I have worked with lefties and, though every child is\ndifferent, lefties are capable of using a nice tripod grasp just like\nrighties. Some kids benefit from adding another finger on top of the pencil to\nstabilize in a “quadrupod” position. Also, if you rotate the paper so the left\ncorner points up, it will make it easier to write so he doesn’t feel like he\nhas to write with extreme wrist flexion or by raising his hand off the paper.\nThe opposite is true for righties: rotate the paper so the right corner is\npointing up, which most kids do naturally anyway. One last thing: pencil\nsmears less than pen, so pencils make for more legible work for lefties who\nwill naturally drag their hand over their writing. Hope that helps!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 11. Alison Stumpf on August 26, 2012 at 4:08 pm said:\n\nI often wonder if it was ‘better’ for teaching grip when Kindergarten age\nstudent used the big thick crayons ? What do you think ?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:54 pm said:\n\nGood question. Though it was long thought that fat crayons were ideal for\nlittle developing hands so that they could hold them more easily and develop\nskill, we (as in, the therapy and teaching community) are actually finding\nthat fat crayons do just the opposite...they don’t challenge kids’ tiny hand\nmuscles, so they aren’t able to develop the strength they need in order\nisolate those finger and hand muscles to make precise movements needed in pre-\nwriting and writing activities. Think about it: how much hand skill could you\ndevelop if you as an adult were coloring or writing with a crayon that was as\nfat as, say, a paper towel roll? (proportionally speaking )\n\nI actually wrote a post about this when I first started the blog. You can\ncheck it out here: http://mamaot.com/2012/04/22/dont-throw-out-your-broken-\ncrayons/\n\nReply ↓\n\n 12. newmorningcommunitypreschool on August 26, 2012 at 4:12 pm said:\n\ntiny pieces of crayon – you can only hold the right way! Doing fun stuff the\nright way like beading & fine art. We call the correct grip the ‘three\npinching crab’ to make it really fun 😉\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:55 pm said:\n\nYes, we LOVE tiny pieces of crayon!...and chalk, and eraser, and sponge, and\ntissue paper. This list goes on. And what a cute name.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Whozat on January 29, 2014 at 8:03 am said:\n\nI also tell my daughter to “pinch it like a crab” and when she’s hooking her\nindex finger over the pencil (which she always wants to do) I tell her that’s\nnot a crab, that’s a seahorse (because he wraps his tail around the seaweed).\n\n 13. Juiie Moses on August 26, 2012 at 4:27 pm said:\n\nI started my daughter out using homemade crayons that are flat-like the heart\ncrayons you see around Valentine’s Day. Works on the same principle as the\nshort pencils-there is no other way to hold them except for the trippod grasp.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 14. christiekiley on August 28, 2012 at 9:57 pm said:\n\nGreat! There are great crayons that are similar to what you’re talking about.\nThey’re called “rock crayons” and basically look like little pebbles. Many OT\nclinics have them and you can easily find them online. Here is one link to\nhelp you find them on Amazon: http://tinyurl.com/9e9f3ad.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 15. laura on September 2, 2012 at 4:13 pm said:\n\nthese are great! thanks!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on September 2, 2012 at 4:50 pm said:\n\nYou’re welcome, I hope they help.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 16. Amber Baker on September 3, 2012 at 10:14 pm said:\n\nDo you have an article or link to talk about why proper grip is so important?\nI hold my pen the “wrong” way and I remember growing up my mom would try to\nchange my grip. I’ve never understood why it matters.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on September 3, 2012 at 10:35 pm said:\n\nAmber, that is such a great and important question. I also hold my pencil the\n“wrong” way and actually have vivid memories of my Kindergarten teacher\nwalking over to my table, changing my grip, and walking away...then I switched\nit back because I liked it better!\n\nSo here’s the deal: we want kids to be able to find a pencil grip that is not\nonly comfortable, but EFFICIENT. The traditional tripod (thumb and finger\npinching pencil while middle finger supports it) is often a very efficient\ngrasp. It allows people to write while using an appropriate amount of pressure\n(being able to generate enough strength to press down on the paper, but not\nhaving to press so hard that they rip the paper or fatigue quickly) and it\nalso allows them to write without quickly fatiguing. An “inefficient” grip\nwill cause your hand to cramp up and your hand muscles to get really tired, so\nyou’ll constantly have to be taking breaks and shaking out your hand more\nfrequently than if you held the pencil with a more efficient grasp. Since kids\nare required to do so much writing in school, it’s important that they develop\nan efficient and functional grasp from an early age because it’s really\ndifficult to change it once they’re used to it (I’m a perfect example).\n\nFor most people, they find a pencil grasp that works for them and that’s the\nend of it. But for some kids, the grasp they’re using doesn’t work for them\nand they end up really struggling in school because of it (they write much\nslower, their hand fatigues very quickly, etc.). That’s when the grasp is\nimportant. Though we are NOT handwriting teachers, OTs can work with kids to\naddress the underlying issues related to their handwriting difficulties, and\nsometimes grasp and fine motor strength are the culprits (though sometimes\nit’s other things).\n\nI’m totally with you: there is no “one way” to hold a pencil and, trust me, I\nhave seen some funky pencil grasps that totally work for people. But it’s all\nabout function, and we want to start kids off on the right foot so they are\nsetting themselves up for handwriting and school success, rather than forming\nhabits that will be really, really hard to break.\n\nHope this helps!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Amber Baker on September 3, 2012 at 10:46 pm said:\n\nThat totally makes sense. I’ve also noticed that I don’t have particularly\nneat writing, so I’ve wondered if that was another reason for the traditional\ntripod grasp (I use my middle two fingers, pressing the pen against my palm,\nwhich probably doesn’t give me as much control). So interesting. I will also\nbe teaching my boys “proper” grasp because as you said it is nearly impossible\nto switch once the habit is formed.\n\n * christiekiley on September 3, 2012 at 11:35 pm said:\n\nI think you and I have a similar grasp. I’ve stuck with mine because I like\nthe way my writing looks when I use it, but I am a fairly slow writer compared\nto others and my hand gets tired pretty quickly, so if I have to write fast or\nI have a lot to write (like during an essay test), I usually switch to tripod.\nAnd I also make sure to demonstrate tripod when I’m working with kids, too.\nBest of luck with your boys!\n\n 17. Mary on September 17, 2012 at 11:08 am said:\n\nThese are great! My kids seem to be doing alright but I know a lot of moms\nthat have questions. I’m definitely going to send them this link!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 18. Charity on September 17, 2012 at 12:03 pm said:\n\nHuh...all this is interesting, especially your replies. I was told that I hold\nmy pencil incorrectly because it rests on my middle finger and creates an\nindent there. I was told that the pencil is instead supposed to be pinched\nbetween the thumb and the middle/fore fingers. I have never been able to\nsuccessfully do that. Perhaps the problem with my tripod grip is just that I\nhold too tight then? This is helpful for teaching my daughter though because\nshe naturally does tripod and I kept trying to get her to pinch it like I was\ntold to do.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 19. Jeneva on September 17, 2012 at 12:05 pm said:\n\nThank you for this, I will be trying these with my (almost) 4 year old son.\nHowever, he doesn’t put much pressure on the paper while writing so he gets\nfrustrated because it doesn’t look correct. When I help him I talk him through\nwhat needs to happen and help his hand put more pressure on the paper while he\nperforms the movements. But I’m not sure if I’m hurting or helping him. He\nstill goes back and forth between hands when doing anything so I’m not sure if\nthat is part of the reason? And it’s the same whether he is writing on a table\nor vertically against a wall or easel. The utensil (crayon, pencil, dry erase\nmarker, etc) doesn’t seem to make a different either. He also has a difficult\ntime with using scissors still, always wanting to keep his thumb down.\n\nAny suggestions?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 20. 52BrandNew on September 17, 2012 at 1:08 pm said:\n\nGreat post! My son’s OT recommended something called a Handi Writer and it has\nhelped tremendously.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 21. Pingback: Pencil grip « smartowls\n\n 22. MyFavorgifts on September 26, 2012 at 9:28 am said:\n\nA way that taught me how to hold a pencil correctly as a child is i used these\nlittle rubber molds that slip onto your pens and pencils that were shaped to\nthe form of holding your pencil so it in a way forced you to hold it properly\nand after writing like that for awhile i naturally held them in that manner.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 23. Pingback: Your Questions About Preschool Learning To Write | PreSchoolLearningToWrite\n\n 24. Pingback: 50 Fun Ways to Play with Tongs - Mama OTMama OT\n\n 25. Pingback: 3 tricks to help kids learn to hold their pencil correctly | Cheri's Occupational Therapy | Scoop.it\n\n 26. Pingback: Your Questions About Preschool Learn To Write | Pre School Learning to Write\n\n 27. Pingback: Trackback software\n\n 28. cotomwed on December 4, 2012 at 9:34 pm said:\n\nChristie, Do you have any articles you could direct me to that talk about\nefficient writing? (I’d take books, too, but articles would be more ideal.)\nI’m probably going to talk to the curriculum person in our school district\nabout why I think we should include how to hold a pencil in kindergarten and\nneed articles for back up.\n\nThanks!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on December 5, 2012 at 7:18 am said:\n\nI would check the educational standards for Kindergarten first to see what is\nmentioned about expectations for Kindergarteners & pencil grasp by the end of\nthe Kindergarten year. If it’s mentioned in the standards, then that should be\nall you need.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 29. smartowls on December 6, 2012 at 11:23 pm said:\n\nA really helpful piece. I shared it on my blog Smart Owls as this is a subject\nthat many parents ask about. Thank you so much.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 30. Kelly on February 21, 2013 at 10:02 am said:\n\nI love your blog – such helpful stuff! What about a child who hooks her wrist\nso that it is flexed when writing? Would writing on a slanted surface help?\nShould this position attempted to be changed because she may fatigue more\neasily if she continues to write in this position? Or are there other reasons?\nPlease refer me to any posts you may have done on this! Thanks so much!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on February 21, 2013 at 5:47 pm said:\n\nThank you so much for your kind words. Yes, writing on a slanted or vertical\nsurface can place the wrist in a naturally extended position and can help with\nwrist hooking. How is her pencil grasp and is it just the hooking that is the\nproblem?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Kelly on February 21, 2013 at 6:52 pm said:\n\nThank you for your response! Her grasp seems to be ok...only wrist hooking.\nBut additionally, her handwriting is very illegible – she displays poor\ncontrol and inconsistent/inefficient formation of letters. So would wrist\nposition be a priority to improve in your opinion?\n\n 31. Sierra on March 16, 2014 at 7:37 pm said:\n\nI have a question about this. I have always held my pencil with four fingers.\nThey tried to teach me how to do the correct hold in school, but it never\nworked for me and I assumed that it was because I am left-handed and I am\npushing the pencil instead of pulling it. Is it bad that I hold pencils/pens\nincorrectly? Is it harder to do for leftys?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on March 16, 2014 at 9:49 pm said:\n\nSierra, if your grasp is working for you and you do not experience pain or\nfatigue, then it is not “wrong”!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 32. Angie Talamantes on July 15, 2014 at 4:13 pm said:\n\nI forget where I learned this, but I have the child pretend the fingers and\nthin are riding in a van. The thumb and index are the adults or mom and dad,\nand the other fingers are the kids. The adults sit in the front, and the kids\nsit in the back. Mom and dad sit right next to each other and can kiss, but\ndad doesn’t sit on mom’s lap (as in thumb wrap). Kid’s mostly really like like\nthis, and respond well to it, and show good carry over.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 33. Lauren on June 11, 2015 at 11:02 am said:\n\nMy son’s teacher said we should use the triangular pencils/crayons (my son is\n3.8 years). Do you agree or should we try the broken crayons? He gets\nfrustrated because he said he doesn’t know how to hold crayons.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * christiekiley on June 11, 2015 at 1:33 pm said:\n\nTriangular crayons are great too. So are “crayon rocks” which you can find\nwith a Google search.\n\nReply ↓\n\n### So, whadya think? Cancel reply\n\n### Disclaimer\n\nThe ideas presented on this blog are for informational purposes only and are\nnot medical advice. A blog can never replace an individualized treatment plan\ndeveloped as the result of in-person assessment, clinical observation, and\ncollaboration between therapist, caregiver, and (if applicable) child. If you\nare concerned about the development or functional abilities of a particular\nchild in your life, then that child’s parent should talk with his/her\npediatrician or seek out the services of a developmental pediatrician or a\nlocal occupational therapist.\n\nProudly powered by WordPress\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.jerrysartarama.com/blog/how-to-hold-your-pencil-when-you-draw/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210912024927/https://www.jerrysartarama.com/blog/how-to-hold-your-pencil-when-you-draw/", "parsed_text": { "title": "When to “Fix” a Pencil Grasp", "passages": [ "Hey, we can’t all have perfect grasps...but we can have functional grasps. Determining the differences between the two can save parents and children a lot of unnecessary headaches.", "Before I dive too deeply into this subject, allow me to explain some of the terminology that Occupational Therapists tend to slip into when they talk about a child’s grasp. Since grasps don’t always fit into a certain category, we might use anatomical terms to clarify things. If you understand some of these key phrases, then you should be able to decipher what your child’s OT is describing:", "MP / PIP / DIP joints: These are the “knuckles” of your hand. The MP joints are the ones closest to your wrist, the PIP joints are in the middle of the fingers, and the DIP joints are closest to your fingernails. If a child is demonstrating an inefficient grasp, they might be putting unnecessary strain on these joints due to awkward positioning.", "Web space: The first web space is between your thumb and index finger. If you make the letter “c” with your hand, this web space is described as “open”. A child with a death grip on a pencil is going to have a closed off web space.", "Separation of the Hand: The hand has two sides; a side for movement and a side for stability. Typically, the thumb, index, and middle fingers are the movers, and the ring and pinky are the stabilizers. Think of the way your hand moves when you cut with scissors, hold a utensil, brush your teeth, etc... you might not have ever realized how important this concept is.", "Distal: Further from the center of the body. For example, the hand is distal to the elbow. A therapist might also use this terminology to describe the hand’s position on the pencil. For example, “the child grasps the pencil at the distal end,” meaning closer to the paper.", "Static grasp: The fingers are locked in their position, and the muscles within the hand aren’t doing much work. This means that the pencil is being controlled by the larger muscle groups of the wrist, elbow, or even shoulder.", "Dynamic grasp: The fingers and muscles within the hand are doing their job to move the pencil to create letters. Everything else is stable.", "Thumb tuck or thumb wrap: The thumb might tuck under the first fingers or wrap around them. This is usually done for additional stability.", "So now that you know the anatomy and grasping jargon, let’s talk about the good stuff: pencil grasps! In my experience, a grasp can be classified a few different ways:", "Schneck & Henderson (1990) studied the developmental progression of pencil grasps in children, and while there are slight variations to each of these groups, here are examples of what we typically see, moving from least to most mature:", "Fisted / Palmar / Gross Grasp: While the position can be referenced by many names, this position is seen when the child holds the pencil essentially with a fist. This grasp is the most immature, yet is still a typical part of development. A toddler first begins to grasp writing utensils in this position.", "Digital Prontate Grasp: The thumb, index, and middle fingers are holding the pencil on the underside of the hand. This grasp is also a part of typical development, hanging around for ages 2-3 or so. It is the start of a shift away from the whole handed “fisted” grasp and into a more controlled grasp with appropriate separation of the muscles of the hand.", "Tripod Grasp: Using three fingers to control the pencil. This is the “cremè de la cremè” of pencil grasps, the one you are most likely to see as the example of the “perfect” pencil grasp.", "Quadrupod grasp: Using four fingers to control the pencil. This is very similar to the tripod grasp, except the ring finger is incorporated into the mix. I think this one gets a bad reputation from some parents who think their child is doing something crazy with 4 fingers on the pencil. However, a quad grasp can be every bit as functional as a tripod. It might even be preferred if a little one’s fingers need just a little more support.", "Important to note: A therapist may classify a child’s grasp as “immature” if it is still amongst one of these typically developing grasps, just a few stages behind. (i.e. a 3 year old that still uses a fisted grasp.)", "We may label other grasps as “less functional” or “inefficient” because they don’t meet the criteria of the typical developmental progression mentioned above. Here are just a few examples:", "Inter-digital Brace: This one just sounds cool, right? It means that the pencil is being stabilized between the fingers of the hand. A child may assume this grasp when they need a lot more stability in the hand.", "Fingertip Grasp: The pencil is controlled by the fingertips, with a majority of the movement directed by the pinky or ring fingers. This grasp may make a quick appearance in between the digital pronate and tripod grasp in typical development as a child is figuring things out. However, it doesn’t provide much stability in the hand or a lot of control over pencil movement.", "As educational demands increase to ridiculous levels, children are finding themselves forced into writing tasks and grasping skills that they just aren’t ready for. They are scolded when those three little fingers are joined by others in a desperate search for stability that hasn’t developed yet. If a child doesn’t have the foundational skills for a proper grasp, they are going to start doing some funky things to try to compensate.", "With that said, what are some of the components of a functional grasp? For this assessment, we break down what is seen in a mature grasp as described in Schneck & Henderson (1990) as well as components noted in the work of Jan McCleskey (2002) as presented in her First Strokes Multi-Sensory Handwriting Inservice.", "Proximal Stability: Child has to have a stable base of support in order to move fine motor muscles appropriately. “Stability before mobility” is a common therapy mantra. This means a proper seat in their chair, stable shoulder muscles, and a stable forearm on the table.", "Stability within the hand: This is where that “separation of the hand” concept comes into play. In a typical mature functional grasp, the ring and pinky fingers are the stable ones, as they relax in the hand or rest on the table to provide a base of support.", "Mobility within the hand: The thumb, index, and middle fingers are the ones that should be doing most of the pencil moving. They are made to complete the small movements necessary to create delicate fine motor work such as writing. These muscles within the hand need to be developed so that other fingers aren’t pulled in to create a basket weave of grasping chaos.", "Using this sort of criteria for a functional grasp assessment, you may notice that the tripod doesn’t have to be the only one that works. I often say to parents, “It doesn’t need to be perfect, it needs to be functional.” It’s important to mention this because children can get stressed out when someone relentlessly harps on their grasp, or when they are forced to use these hugely embarrassing grippers on their pencil. (Especially when it’s for no reason other than their grasp doesn’t look exactly like what everyone else has.)", "There have been several research studies about pencil grasps and handwriting. Most of which state that pencil grasp does not influence legibility (Schwellnus et al., 2012). So if the main reason you want to change a child’s pencil grasp is because their handwriting is “sloppy”, I’ll have to stop you right there.", "However, there are definitely some situations that call for intervention. Here are a few to keep in mind from what we see in the clinic:", "Biomechanical stress on joints of the hand: If a child doesn’t have the strength necessary to control the pencil, they are going to start locking joints in order to “hold” themselves in the writing position. This can lead to hyperextension, putting unnecessary strain on joints we want to be in good shape for a long time.", "Fatigue or pain during writing tasks: Yes, a child might grasp the pencil for dear life as they try to exert some sort of control. This can cause fatigue or pain during writing tasks, which can then lead to avoidance or behaviors related to writing. No need to make handwriting more painful than it already is.", "Compromised writing speed: If a child’s pencil is woven into their fingers, it might be challenging for them to write with any sort of functional speed. If they are having trouble in school because they can’t keep up with their peers, or are unable to get their school work done in time due to their grasp, then it likely needs to be addressed.", "Immature grasps that lack stability and/or mobility: A child may be stuck in an immature grasping pattern due to lack of strength or stability. Strengthening the muscles of the hand or training them in the proper position may help to move the child along the developmental road.", "As I mentioned previously, changing a pencil grasp is not going to magically change your child’s handwriting. Yes, it is a component of handwriting, but most certainly not the only thing that should be looked at. (Check out my previous post: Evaluating a Child’s Handwriting: An Inside Look for other components of handwriting.) Some parents come to an evaluation with the unrealistic expectation that changing a grasp will be the magic “fix” they were looking for.", "Most likely, with a lot of work, a young child’s grasp can be adjusted. With this change, they might see less fatigue and/or pain with writing, and therefore might be more willing to work on letter formations, line placement, and spacing: components that are really going to change the legibility of their writing.", "Occupational Therapists could go on about pencil grasps for ages, so this is by no means an inclusive list of all the aspects of grasping. However, the big message here is that it is important understand why a grasp might need to be changed and the realistic impacts of that change. Ok, I’ll just admit it- I’m a quadrupod grasp with a thumb wrap, but hey, I’ve made it this far. Or maybe I’m just jealous of all those tripod grasps out there...", "Schneck, C. M., & Henderson, A. (1990). Descriptive analysis of the developmental progression of grip position for pencil and crayon control in nondysfunctional children. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 44, 893-900.", "Hi! I am fourteen and I have a pencil grasp that is the exact same as the first picture, the one with the article’s title on it. Is this causing my problem. My hand hurts when I write for too long and my handwriting is extremely messy- sometimes it’s illegible. Thanks! 🙂", "My daughter holds her pencil like this: http://www.pencilgymnastics.com/wp- content/uploads/2016/02/PG_add04_inefficient-grip-ex_muscle- inbalance_01_black-187×300.png I don’t know why she does this or if it is a safe way to write? What do you think it is?(I’m asking everyone) I’ve never seen this before.", "Good Morning I would like to know what reference (literature) was used as the basis for presenting the subject “Components of a Functional Grasp”, which is from the “When to” Fix “Pencil Grasp” post. Thanks", "hello.. I have a 14 year old son who still holds his pencil in fist grip position!!!! Over the years we have attempted to help him with tricks to hold correctly..teachers along the way have tried different things. we talked to occupational therapists...nothing works. He doesnt seem too concerned with it and doesnt try hard to change.. he reasons his writing is neat (it is) . He is a fantastic student but i know this slows him down", "Wish I was taught to write with a dynamic tripod grasp. I would teach little kids as early as possible to write using a dynamic tripod grasp; dynamic tripod grasp looks so elegant when they get to be adults.", "My 8yo holds his pencil between his PIP joints. What do you recommend? He says a correct hold makes his fingers feel like they’ll slip off. This is with a triangular pencil.", "We suspect he may be dysgraphic like his dad. He can write legibly but his letters are all oversized because he doesn’t have good control.", "Hi, I am fourteen and have an inter digital grasp with a thumb tuck and have used this methode my whole life. My handwriting is neat and I have good speed, however, after writing for an extended period of time my hand hurts. I know that its my wrist and forearm rather than my fingers controlling the pen and was wondering if I need to change my grip.", "i just saw a student with the pencil grasp like the one on your title page “when to fix a pencil grasp”. . what do you call that one, and how do you fix it?", "Neat article! I’m an inter-digital bracer myself- my older sister taught me to hold a pencil that way before my parents or teachers could get to me- and teachers throughout my whole life have tried to “fix” my grasp. I never even tried to change it- I can write just as fast as anyone for just as long, and my handwriting is fairly decent. Why bother? I wish I could shove this article into their faces haha", "Hi i am 40 years and my hand is illegible and very small. Please help because i have got a promotion and writing is the daily task. I think the problems started at grasping, i do not know how to grasp the pen nicely. Please help.", "My almost-7-year-old has a very tight grasp (more or less like the FIRST picture). He holds his pencil with the 3 fingers (forefinger, middle & thumb) but the pencil points away from him just like in the first picture. No matter how much we ask him to hold it rightly, he gradually (naturally) starts holding it in such awkward position. His handwriting is inconsistent and not pretty but not so bad-looking either. What could be done? PLEASE help.", "My son has high functioning autism and uses a fingertip grasp. I’ve been trying to get the OT’s in his school district on board for YEARS to try and change his grip. He was doing great until he hit middle school then his grip reverted to this. Now that he’s 15 and in high school, the writing demands are becoming heavy and his hand is CONSTANTLY fatigued. I worry he’s going to damage his joints with the way he grips his pen/pencil. Is it even possible to change him at this point?", "okay, this is a little silly, but I’m nineteen and I hold a pencil like how you did demonstrating a closed web space. Should I be concerned? Is it an inefficient or damaging grip?", "I wish someone would have responded to you sooner. I have the same pencil grip and it has never bothered me. I have beautiful handwriting and do not have pain or fatigue writing that way any more than someone with a “proper” grip. My Mom also writes the same way and never had any problems. Her sister had the same grip and she was a professional artist. My brother also writes and draws the same way without any trouble. For me, the “proper” grip is painful, slows down my writting and I frequently drop the pencil. If it isn’t painful, you can write decently and you can keep up with others, who the heck cares if you hold your pencil different.", "My nine-year-old daughter uses the very top grip on this post with her pointer finger around the top of her pencil . She has gravitated toward this grad since she was four years old . We have tried lots of different things but that seems to be the grip that his sat with her . Her teacher now currently wants to change it and now my daughter complains that it’s hard for her to write with the normal pencil grip and she feels like her handwriting looks like it does with her left hand now . Her speed is a good bit slower and she’s getting frustrated I’m just wondering if her grip is her grip and we should not try to change it . Her handwriting has always been really nice and she has good speed . What do you think would appreciate any thoughts 😊", "My daughter has the type of pencil grasp in the picture where it says when to “fix” a pencil grasp. You haven’t identified what it is. I don’t want to fix it (it is too late now anyway) but I am just curious to how it develops in a child and how it can possibly affect her writing. Can you please clarify that one?", "I have a 9 year old boy with a fist grip. He hates to work on it, let alone talk about it. He is not eligible for school OT, because he is not in special ed (he’s in the gifted class). He has other SPD issues, is generally uncoordinated, but he’s started violin (successfully so far) this year. But the grip remains unchanged. Should we pursue private OT? Do we need a pediatrician or other referral?", "My daughter had absolutely beautiful handwriting but was holding her pen with a heavy thumb grip that was putting a lot of strain on her and meant she got tired quickly. I have been encouraging her to hold the pen the tripod way, and although she is picking it up now, her handwriting has become messy and awkward-looking. Now I am concerned I should not have intervened, and that she has lost that beautiful handwriting forever. Help! What do I do?", "Use the dynamic tripod grasp gripper, and keep correcting it until she naturally uses the dynamic tripod grasp when writing. She will thank you when she is older.", "My 4 year old has problems with pencils, spoons, scissors, crayons, etc. When I try to correct her hand placement her hand is so stiff I can’t move her fingers or she springs back to where she was. For a while I didn’t fight it because she has a very strong personality and we struggle with so many other issues, I didn’t want to fight this battle yet. But she is going into preschool this year and still can’t hold a pencil with anything more than the fist grasp. Do you think this is something we can keep trying to address at home or do we need to get a professional involved?", "Hi, my 20 month old holds a pencil/pen with a grown-up tripod grasp and prefers her left hand. On the Internet it says that doing this too early can cause problems. Her daddy showed her but didn’t force anything, she just seems to prefer it. I’ve only looked it up today because preschool have mentioned it. Is there anything I should do to encourage a more developmentally appropriate grip or should I just leave well alone? Thanks", "This is very helpful article! My daughter is in first grade(homeschooled) and her handwriting is much neater when I let her grip her pencil her way – which is a slight thumb wrap grip. If I use a pencil grip that forces her into a tripod pincer grip, she can still write legibly but she is slower and the work less neat, Should I let her grip her pencil her way? Or encourage her to try for the perfect tripod grip buy using the pencil grip attached to her pencil?", "I would encourage her to write with the perfect tripod grip. I wish I had been taught as a young child how to write using dynamic tripod grasp.", "Hi there, the pencil grip you have show with the caption “When to Fix Pencil Graps” is exactly my child’s graps! Is there a name for it?", "My son also has the pencil grip in the first picture. He refuses to change it, despite all my efforts to help him. Is there a name for it?", "My 9 year old daughter has the same grip. She has nice handwriting and good speed. Her teacher is wanting to change it now thinking it will cause problems for her in the future. My daughter says when she uses the normal grip, she feels like she’s using her left hand and handwriting is bad. She says this grip gives her more stability. We have tried over the years to change it, but she goes back to it. Is this just her grip? Should we leave it alone??", "My 11-year-old also has that grasp, and I’ve never seen anyone else with it. I’ve tried to change it, but to no avail. Is it one of those that could cause extra stress on the joints, causing problems in the long run? Thanks!", "My 11-year-old also has that grasp, and I’ve never seen anyone else with it. I’ve tried to change it, but to no avail. Is it one of those that could cause extra stress on the joints, causing problems in the long run? Thanks!", "I am currently an OT student working in the schools and came across this article looking for clarification for the name of this grasp. My best guess is that it is similar to a Lateral Tripod Grasp, with an adducted thumb. Can be due to decreased intrinsic muscle strength of the hand, or extrinsic muscle strength of the thumb. This leads to the collapsed webspace between the thumb and index finger. The reason I say closest to the Lateral Tripod is because usually the whole index finger will be completely flush or lateral, to the writing utensil in that grasp. It may also be a dynamic Tripod Grasp if the wrist or forearm are doing the movements versus the fingers themselves (plausible due to the collapsed webspace!)", "**UPDATE: I asked my clinical instructor who is an OTR, and she said it is NOT a lateral tripod or tripod grasp. She said she does not believe it has a formal name, but she refers to it as a “hook” grasp and describes it in her documentation: “student stabilizes pencil between thumb and DIP of 3rd digit. Index finger (2nd digit) is flexed or hooked around the pencil nearer to the eraser than the pencil point. The web space is collapsed and thumb is adducted.”", "My 8-year-old has a very tight grasp (more or less like the FIRST picture) and he says his fingers HURT when asked to hold it with the right grip. He holds his pencil with the 3 fingers (forefinger, middle & thumb) but the pencil end points AWAY from him just like in the first picture. No matter how much we ask him to hold it rightly, he gradually (naturally) starts holding it in such awkward position. His handwriting is inconsistent and not pretty but not so bad-looking either. What could be done? PLEASE help.", "I wish I had known about this 20 years ago! I’m now in my late 20’s and have struggled with bad handwriting all my life. I have an inter-digit brace with thumb tuck. Rather than using fine motor control within fingers, it is the forearm that is tightly clenched. As a child I had pain and developed swelling upon my ring finger where the pressure of the pencil rested in a tightly clenched grip (I loosened the grip over the years but there is still a small bump on that spot). This grip results in untidy writing, pain and fatigue. With no available guidance to correct this, I waddled my way to high school, by which time I had compensated for illegible writing by writing very small font- somewhat legible but too small to read. Writing under the clock, I revered to a larger font and almost illegible scribbles. Afraid that I would fail exams due to illegibility of script, my English teacher had me use children’s lined templates to practice large cursive writing. This helped marginally and in later years I migrated to keyboards but I am still held back by this less functional grasp. I find that writing implements which have less paper friction tend to cause more problems as the pen slides uncontrollably, high friction (very rough pens offer the most legible result with compromise in speed and medium friction (such as with a lead pencil or with course ink pens) offers a compromise between legibility and speed, but nevertheless in writing an essay I will experience pain and fatigue and I cannot write as fast as is expected in university level examinations, causing stress and further pain and fatigue as I have to clench my forearm even tighter to control loss of legibility whilst increasing speed.", "I often look to others’ smooth flowing, neat and speedy tripod grasps with envy. I find the tripod comfortable, although my forearm tends to clench and try and control the movement due to muscle memory and I cannot maintain the hold due to frustration.", "Can any therapy from an OT help me in my age? I have heard of ambidextrous persons who have learned later in life, or switched hands after an accident. If I learned to write with my other (left) hand, could I learn from scratch, or is the motor control memory too ingrained in the brain for this to happen?", "Hi. I have a little guy in my class who will not apply downward pressure when printing, As a result he gets frustrated with his whispery, wiggly, uncontrolled writing. Where do we start? I want him to smile!", "very well written and very correct. Bio mechanical stress is not in the literature but duh! Think of these kids fingers when they are 60! In 1990 most adults had mature grasp patterns. The prevalence of funky grips is a relatively new phenomenon", "Thanks so much for this great article. I have a 4 year old who is learning to write and has been grasping her pencil in a way similar to the one shown on the photo “when to fix a pencil grasp.” She is in Pre-K and her writing is clear and neat. However, my husband is concerned that she has the wrong grasp and wants to correct her. Her teacher did not seem concerned about it when we brought up the issue at school. As for me, I don’t think it is a big deal since she writes clearly and doesn’t seem to be putting too much strain on her hand or fingers. Besides, it seems to be evolving into a quadrupod grasp. So, do you believe it is a normal progression or should it be corrected? If it needs correction, when and how should we correct it? I remember as I child I used to go between a quadruped and tripod grasp.", "Wow – thanks for posting this article with photos! This has been most reassuring as my 3 years suddenly started writing her name and other words and we have never worked on grasp before. She switches between hands, both with a fisted grasp and resists any instruction on how to hold a pen. I was worried that she would develop a poor foundation for writing, but now I see the development path you laid out. She has always hit her intellectual milestones early and physical ones later. Do you think I should still try working with her on her grasp or just give her space to develop naturally?", "My 8 year old son uses the quadrupod grasp but he also uses his ring finger as support under the pencil tip and his pinky under his ring finger. So kind of a cross between the quadrupod and the fingertip. But the pencil goes back the normal direction. There doesn’t seem to be any strain on his fingers. Does that sound like something we should have looked at?", "I am Medical college student going to complete MD in a year. At first during my High school days, I always had tripod grasp style to grip my pencil or pen. But, now since last 4 years, I had difficulty in completing my exam paper writing in given time. Now I grip my ball pen or pencil the way shown in picture at the beginning your article on which is labeled “when to fix a pencil grasp”. My writing is swift, neat and less pressure is applied on the nib in this style. And when i shift back to my previous tripod writing grasp style I feel stiffness and tremors in writing. What do you suggest? Should I continue the way I am writing or change back to the old grip?", "I’m glad to hear that pencil grip isn’t the big deal that my elementary teachers made it out to be. I’ve always done a modified quadrupod grasp in that my ring finger and index finger supports my pencil, while my middle finger guides the pencil. However, my thumb doesn’t wrap around to hold the pencil, I keep it balanced on top of my index finger. Elementary teachers made me write loops and loops in the “regular” way so I’m a switch hitter and can rotate between the two grasps. It was a great help in high school where we had 2 written exams in the same day, but I always go back to my grip.", "My daughter actually has a great pencil grip, but she is pressing down too hard I think. She has down syndrome and I don’t know if this is just part of her low muscle tone or just learning how to write. How can I get her to relax her grip?", "I am a college teacher, and I noticed today during an exam that ALL the female students were using the “Closed Web” grip... A very strange and unnatural way to hold a pencil. Curiously, all the male students were using the normal pencil grip. What is it about these females? Is it a cultural thing, kind of like the vocal fry tone? I don’t get it. Can a young female please explain it to me, i.e., why do it? And why EVERY female does it?", "WELL SAID. What a wonderful way to explain pencil grasp and graphomotor skills to parents. I am an OT currently working in NY. I conduct CPSE and CSE evaluation within the school setting and privately. This is an issue I have been battling for a while. I continuously state that one must look at the underlying foundation skills that are under-developed, weak or immature. Changing a grasp in most cases doesn’t fix the underlying deficit. Thank you for your informative posts...they are refreshing.", "I am an occupational therapist and I often get referrals for students who are holding the pencil awkwardly. Although a very reliable resource called the DMG (developmentalmilestonesguide.com) which has lots of references dictates that a young child of 2.8-3.0 is the age of the dynamic tripod grasp, I wonder if the awkward grasp patterns that are now seen are due to the requirements we put on children while they are holding the pencil or crayon. Young children used to be able to scribble and experiment with strokes. It seems even toddlers are now encouraged to form letters and numbers. This is just beyond the developmental requirements as children only start to copy shapes accurately at around 4.6 years (DMG). WIth this extra cognitive drain, the motor skill is compromised.", "Pretty nice post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to mention that I’ve really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. After all I will be subscribing in your feed and I’m hoping you write again soon!", "Thank you for sharing your expertise! I am a kindergarten teacher and I found this information very valuable. Do you have any advice for helping a child with a traditional tripod grasp who uses an extreme amount of pressure? I’m not surprised this little one hates writing...it is exhausting just to watch.", "Wish somebody had told my 3rd grade teacher this. I’ve always had your “quadrapod” grasp. And I’m 26 and still do. I have the neatest handwriting of anyone I know and get complimented on my penmanship often. But anyway, she was so hateful she would literally come and change my fingers to grasp in a different way. Or she would take the pencil out of my hand completely, while I was writing, and make me pick it up again. Although, when she walked away all it took was a wrist flick to get everything back in order, but still....she was pretty mean. :\\", "Hello, I looooove your article... I am doing research on fine motor coordination skills in 3 years old children and would love to quote your article, but I need some information as when you wrote it? what’s your last name? (to give you credit for this). And would you be so kind to recommend me literature about this subject. ?... please", "Thank you for the great info. I have a son soon to be 5 and he is having so much trouble with pencil grip, which is greatly affecting handwriting at school. He is currently using the finger tip grasp but switches it around some. He complains that pinching it correctly hurts his hand. He also appears to be ambidextrous (runs in my family) because he chooses to do some tasks with left and others with right...also some with equal use. Could this be why his little hand isn’t strong enough yet to hold that pencil right? He fights me when practicing and avoids writing if he can help it. He will start Kinder in the fall and I’m worried he won’t be able to legibly write his name.", "Great article! I would love to send a pic of my daughter’s grasp just to get an opinion. After reading this, I still don’t know what to classify it as!! Please email me if you are able to take a quick look. Sumtarr at telus.net", "I’m almost 21 and I still use the fingertip grasp. I remember my kindergarten teacher briefly trying to correct my grasp by giving me a raised surface to write on (?) but it didn’t stick. Funny thing is I hold my cutlery and everything else the “normal” way, but I’ll probably always hold my pencils with all my fingertips.", "Inter-digital brace grasp-er here! Age 25. The OTs eventually decided that my handwriting was good enough and I could use a keyboard. Miraculously I am quite able to draw, go no? Anyways, nice article, glad there’s a name for my asana.", "Thanks a lot from far Israel 🙂 Just love it! well written and informative! I keep telling my children’s folks that grasps are hard to change (unless a dictator is sitting next to them to override it); and if their kids are succeeding in writing everything down from the board (speed), their writing is legible and are not tired- everything is good and functional! OT-Israel :))))", "We are a homeschooling family and I am an SLP. I have a 7yo that uses a thumb wrap grip and points the pencil up rather than towards her shoulder. We’ve used HWT as our handwriting curric, but she doesn’t form letters the way the program instructs her too. Her writing is legible, but she can only write 10 words before her hand is so tired she has to stop. When we try a pencil grip, her handwriting deteriorates to the point where it is totally illegible and she refuses to write more than 5 or 6 letters. Our local OT is unable to offer any advice or help. I would appreciate any insight.", "Hi Alyssa, Shame, I feel for your daughter. My kids also struggled with fine motor and handwriting issues and I am an OT myself, also homeschooling :-). I really like what anonymous OT says about getting kids to have functional pencil grasps, not necessarily pretty ones!", "I’ve put together some fine motor hand exercises, finger exercises etc over at my website, and the way I use them as a homeschooling mom is to assign one activity for the week, and then the kids do that activity before handwriting exercises and between lessons – I personally find that the quick 3 minute bursts of fine motor focus once or twice a day has really helped my kids improve their endurance of handwriting and other fine motor tasks. So that is one huge benefit of homeschooling for me – I can work their gross motor and fine motor needs into our daily routine! You can find the exercises under the fine motor tab on my site – OT Mom Learning Activities – hope they help a bit!", "I have a first grader that holds the pencil with a quad grasp but his thumb pip joint is slighty hyperextended against the pencil.. what are your thoughts?", "Oops! I am currently 13 years old and use a pencil with the quadrupod grasp, and when I try to do a regular tripod it just feels “wrong” and my writing is messier. I guess its too late to change that.", "Well thank you! I’ve used the four-finger grip since preschool. It drove my Kindergarten teacher NUTS and since she hadn’t ‘fixed’ it by the end of the year it just stuck. Now I know I’m ok 🙂", "What would you call the grip at the very top of the page? My 8 year old holds her pencil this way and the OT at her school has half heartedly encouraged her to correct it but because my daughter has such beautiful penmanship and drawing skills, the OT says it’s most likely fine unless she feels strain. Our friend who teaches elementary school says it might become a larger problem when the writing assignments get longer in the higher grades. Can you give advice about what to watch for that would indicate strain and the need to change what seemed to be a functional grip?", "I’ve actually heard someone call that a “violin” grasp, or a tripod grasp with a hook of the first finger. Whatever you want to call it, that first finger position is probably hooking high on the pencil due to instability. I agree with the OT most pencil grips are fine as long as they are functional and don’t cause unnecessary joint stress. If I was analyzing the grasp in the picture, I would see stress on the hyperextended joint of the thumb, as well as strain on the knuckle joint. You don’t want to see the joints locked in at their end range or beyond. Look to see if your child is shaking out her hand after a short burst of writing to indicate fatigue and/or strain. I recommend that if you don’t agree with your OT about the issue, don’t be afraid to get another opinion. Best of luck!", "I’m a K4 teacher. I have a student that holds her pencil the “fingertip grasp” as pictured above. She has great fine motor skills (zips/unzips, buttons/unbuttons, strings small,medium, and large beads, cuts with scissors in straight and curvy patterns). Her older sister also holds her pencil that way. Her mom wants it corrected. What do you suggest?", "Hi Kristi, I would recommend an OT evaluation if mom is gung-ho on changing the grasp. That way the therapist can get in there and make sure there isn’t anything else going on.", "Wow! This is a great article. I wish I had had this info before I retired from my position as an elementary school teacher! No one ever discussed this with us! I will share it with my friends who are still in the trenches! Thanks!", "I feel more relieved after reading your article. My 7-year old just started 1st grade and her teacher is trying to correct her pencil grasp. Her grasp looks somewhat similar to the photo of the Inter-digital Brace. She has held pencils and crayons this way since she was 3 years old and numerous teachers have tried, since then, to correct her grasp. I have also tried a few times, but gave up because she has beautiful handwriting and it wasn’t worth her tears.", "At the beginning of last school year, when my daughter was in kindergerten, I told her teacher that I knew she used the “wrong” grasp, but I wasn’t willing to push the issue with her unless there was a problem. Her teacher said that she didn’t see a need for it either because of how nice and neat she wrote. Her teacher even commented at parent/teacher conferences and on report cards about what beautiful handwriting she had.", "My daughter never complains about her fingers or joints hurting unless she is forced to try writing the “correct” way, and she writes a lot. In fact, I have never had to make her work on her handwriting because she loves to write, draw and color in her free time so she already gets plenty of practice.", "She had a meltdown tonight and was paralyzed with frustration when I asked her to practice spelling a few words. Normally this wouldn’t have been a problem, but she was so upset and stressed about how to hold her pencil, even with a pencil grip, that she just fell apart crying. She took everything so personally and felt like her teacher was trying to hurt her feelings, although I’m sure that’s not the case. I don’t know what to do because I refuse to encourage her to change what works for her and what feels natural simply to make her fit a mold, however, I don’t want to tell her to ignore her teacher either.", "Thank you for this great article. At least now I feel more confident that there’s really no need to force my daughter to change her pencil grasp since it works just fine for her.", "Thank you for sharing your story! I’m so glad you feel more confident in this issue. I hope that the pressure eases off so that your daughter can enjoy writing and drawing again! It’s easy for people to pick at something because it looks different or wrong, they key is to know when it’s appropriate to intervene. I wish you the best of luck!", "really liked this article....but i’d like to know if you have advice for children who have sweaty hands which makes it frustrating to write for a long period of time...any hints/ solutions for this ??", "Great article, beautifully illustrated! The comments come from adults who say their own grips are poor. I gave an adult student a small ball of yarn to hold in the palm of his hand with his little finger and ring finger, holding the pen in the traditional tripod hold. He still communicates with me and says he still uses the yarn ball to relax his hand. Cotton balls are good for young children. If you have a chalkboard here is a fun activity for a child. Please see the 06/07/2013 post on my blog, http://www.bfhhandwriting.com titled, Pre- Writing Activities.", "For young ones with poor grasp I just used broken bits of crayon and they would naturally learn a better grasp ! Building pincher muscle is a first step!", "Great article. I work on trying to develop mature pencil grips and there does come a point if the grasp is functional, why are you fighting. I, too, have a funky grap which I tell everyone it is functional but inefficient.", "Thank you thank you for addressing if there is a Need to “fix” the grasp. My 7 year old son (asd) uses a fisted grasp and has the most beautiful penmanship! However we were encouraged to add this to his IEP and therapy program. These were the times he consistently had outbursts escalating into meltdowns. Touching his hands is a big no no.I finally had them remove these “fixes” and let him be and he’s more relaxed and creative than ever!", "AWESOME post! You’re right about legibility though I’ve seen it affected indirectly as students try to go faster and compromise quality... I just got a grant to provide slant boards and grips for proactive use in kindergarten classes and can’t wait to see if there’s a difference on next year’s screening of grasp. Not hard core research, just trying to do my best for the kiddos. I made a video tutorial to help teachers know what to do if you’re interested. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duNfdXgJyAY&feature=youtu.be", "eeek! I am an adult waaaay past the age when something should have been corrected and I have a bent right index finger because of my quadrupod grasp. It looks and feels like the bone has a subtle bend between the first and second joints because of years of too strong pressure. All this is probably a result of learning to hold a pencil from my dad who was a natural lefty forced to become a righty because of a religious nut job at his private school. Thanks for taking the time to help people learn the correct way to hold pencils and the scientific reasoning behind each hold.", "Haha! I guess it’s just too late for some of us... 🙂 It’s up to you now to break the grasping cycle for the future generations of your family! Thanks for reading!", "Great article. Another grasp that I sometimes try and get kids to do when they don’t have a functional tripod, is the adapted tripod. It works really well.", "Hi Donna, I thought about putting something about the adapted tripod grasp, but for whatever reason I haven’t had a lot of luck getting my clients to maintain it as we work on it week to week. Although I’m glad to hear it has worked for you! Thanks for your comment!", "This is a great explanation of grasps. Is there anyway to get this helpful information in an Adobe format so it could be shared with teachers and parents? Thank you...this is an awesome blog!", "Amy, that is a great question. I will definitely try to look into how to do that since it sounds a bit out of my technical knowledge base... Thanks!", "Thank you! Beautiful and thorough explanation of what I’m seeing when I look at how a student holds their pencil!", "-The Anonymous OT’s mission is to provide a place for families and professionals to interact, speak freely, learn important, straightforward information, and share their experiences related to the world of pediatric occupational therapy.", "-All opinions expressed are those of the individual authors and in no way affiliated with their current or previous employers.", "-Disclaimer: The information contained on this website is for informational purposes only. This website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a medical professional for any questions or concerns you may have.", "The information, including but not limited to text, graphics, images, handouts, downloads and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only. This website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified health care provider for any questions you may have regarding you or your child’s health concerns, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website.", "Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. To find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: Cookie Policy" ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Hold Your Pencil When You Draw - JerrysArtarama.com\n\nMenu\n\n * For Artists\n\n * Art Inspiration\n * Art Marketing\n * Artist Spotlight\n * Art Philosophy\n * Art Contests\n * Artists\n * Self Portrait\n * Art Resources\n\n * Creative Adventures\n * Art Schools\n * How To Art Videos and Articles\n * Art Instruction\n * Art Tips\n * Tutorials\n * Art Contests\n * Mediums & Materials\n\n * Acrylics\n * Alkyds\n * Brushes\n * Canvas-Linens-Panels\n * Charcoal\n * Encaustics\n * Gouache\n * Inks\n * Mixed Media\n * Oils\n * Pastels\n * Paper\n * Pencils\n * Watercolors\n * Block Printing\n * Whats The Buzz\n\n * Hot Topics\n * Did You Know\n * Art News\n * Product Spotlight\n * Events\n * Charity\n * Staff Review\n * New Products\n * Fun Stuff\n\n * Prove It\n * Mockumentary\n * Holiday\n * Kids Art Supplies\n * Projects\n\n * DIY Art\n * Jerry’s Live\n\n * Video Center\n * Shop\n\n * Shop All\n * Paints & Mediums\n * Canvas & Surfaces\n * Brushes\n * Easels & Furniture\n * Framing\n * Drawing Supplies\n * Shop Sale\n * What’s Trending\n\n# How To Hold Your Pencil When You Draw\n\n## Get More Control Out of Your Pencil\n\nWhile doodling can create amazing pieces of art like the ones we’ve recently\nshared in our facebook posts, for the most part wont produce the kinds of\nlines you want to make to really get your drawings to show off the fluid or\ngestural lines you really want. So what can you do about it? Well, here at\nJerry’s we at the Blog Squad have been practicing our drawing and sketching\nand wanted to help share some pointers to help make you a better drawer.Â\n\nTo avoid messy lines that are no where near straight, try these two grips:\n\n### The Writing Grip\n\nGoing back to grade school we learned how to hold our pencils in order to\nwrite. This method gave us the coordination to draw small lines and curves in\norder to form letters and numbers. To create small details and short lines, we\ncan use the exact same grip!\n\n### To make these smaller lines-\n\n * Grip the pencil like you would when you sit down to write a letter- between your thumb, index and middle finger.\n * Draw with your whole arm instead of just your wrist.\n * Do not keep your wrist on the desk or drawing surface. Instead, you want to move both your hand and forearm when you draw as this will give you control without grounding you which leads to more unplanned curves in your lines and details.\n * Let the knuckles on your pinky barely touch or glide along the paper as you draw. Doing this will keep your forearm up while keeping your pencil just a bit more sideways so that you can choose how thick to make your lines-either with the point or along the side of the lead.\n\n### The Underhand Method\n\nTo make longer and straighter lines, we need to turn to a different grip. By\ndrawing from your elbow and holding your pencil a different way, you will be\nable to increase the range of the straight lines you can draw. This is called\nthe “underhand method” and it takes awhile to get comfortable with it, but\nonce you do, you will be able to draw anything.\n\n### To make grander/longer lines-\n\n * Grip the pencil between your thumb and your index, middle and ring finger.\n * As you draw, the knuckles of your ring finger and your pinky finger should glide across your paper.\n * Use your hand, forearm and elbow to do most of the moving while you draw, while keeping the pencil and your fingers pretty still. This will keep you steady as you create longer, steadier lines.\n\nBy following these general rules of thumb, you will be able to draw better.\nExperiment with both and figure out which one makes you feel more comfortable\nwith the results you’re looking for. It seems like some simple tips, but it\njust may save your life.\n\n### More Resources\n\n 1. Article – How to Improve Your Drawing Skills\n 2. Article – Tips for Drawing Self-Portraits\n 3. LIVE VIDEO AND SUPPLIES – Pencil or Paint? Try Water Soluble Graphite Products\n 4. LIVE VIDEO AND SUPPLIES – Light Boxes and Drawing Aids\n 5. HOW TO GUIDE – Build Your Own Artist Website – Make an Artist Website with WordPress\n\n### Comments\n\ncomments\n\n## You may also like...\n\n * #### Acrylics 101 for Beginners with Basic Supplies – Jerry’s Live Episode #89\n\nJerry’s LIVE Episode #89 – Acrylics 101 for Beginners with Basic Supplies When\nartists want...\n\nJanuary 31, 2019\n\n * #### Color Theory 101 – Basic Mixing, Tips & Tricks For Artists – Jerry’s Live Episode #88\n\nJerry’s LIVE Episode #88 – Color Theory 101 – Basic Mixing, Tips & Tricks\nColor Theory–...\n\nJanuary 24, 2019\n\n * #### Beginning Pastels – Learn Basic Pastel Skills Jerry’s LIVE Episode #78\n\nOutside of actual pastel artists, the word “pastel” to most of us brings to\nmind...\n\nOctober 09, 2018\n\n## Popular Posts\n\n * Famous Artist Quotes Inspirational quotes by f... 608 views\n * My life is art. Art is my life. Being an artist isn't jus... 120 views\n * Top 10 Art Schools – Top Fine Art Schools US... Jerry's Artarama has alwa... 93 views\n * Tips for Drawing Self-Portraits 5 Tips to sketch... 92 views\n * Underpainting: Why You Need to Do It Develop Contrast and Valu... 75 views\n * Top 20 Celebrity Painters Celebrities who create ar... 56 views\n * 10 Easy Watercolor Painting Ideas for Spring 10 Simple Ideas to Get Yo... 50 views\n\n## Brand Advocates & Ambassadors Wanted!\n\nLearn More\n\n## Archives\n\n * ►2020\n\n * August\n * January\n * ►2019\n\n * July\n * June\n * March\n * February\n * January\n * ►2018\n\n * November\n * October\n * September\n * August\n * July\n * June\n * May\n * April\n * March\n * February\n * January\n * ►2017\n\n * December\n * October\n * July\n * June\n * February\n * January\n * ►2016\n\n * November\n * October\n * August\n * May\n * March\n * February\n * January\n * ►2015\n\n * December\n * August\n * July\n * June\n * May\n * April\n * March\n * February\n * January\n * ►2014\n\n * December\n * November\n * October\n * September\n * August\n * July\n * June\n * May\n * April\n * March\n * February\n * January\n * ►2013\n\n * December\n * November\n * October\n * September\n * August\n * July\n * June\n * May\n * April\n * March\n * February\n * January\n * ►2012\n\n * December\n * November\n * October\n * September\n * August\n * July\n * June\n * May\n * April\n * March\n * February\n * January\n * ►2011\n\n * December\n * November\n * October\n * September\n * August\n * July\n * June\n * May\n * April\n * March\n * February\n * January\n * ►2010\n\n * December\n * November\n * October\n * September\n * August\n * July\n * June\n * May\n\n## Recent Post\n\n### Artist Tessa Nicole - Meet Arizona’s Self-Taught Impressionist Palette\nKnife Oil Painter\n\nAug 12,2020\n\n### Artist Casey Langteau Johnson, Making a House Feel Like a Home\n\nJan 31,2020\n\n## Email Exclusive Club\n\nSubscribe and receive coupon specials, great promos & an Instant 25% OFF +\nFree Shipping Coupon!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://theanonymousot.com/2013/03/22/when-to-fix-a-pencil-grasp/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210716125636/https://theanonymousot.com/2013/03/22/when-to-fix-a-pencil-grasp/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Guide to holding a pencil in the Tripod Pencil Grip.", "passages": [ "The main shaft of the pencil should be resting on the hand with the tip angled towards the shoulder for right handed writers and the elbow for left handed writers.", "You must ensure that your child is sitting correctly, with an appropriate paper position so that the shaft of the pencil can be angled properly.", "Place the pencil between the thumb and index finger, about 2cm up from the tip for right handed writers and about 3cm for left handed writers, hold in the pincer grip. The thumb being on the side of the pencil, with the pencil resting on the middle finger.", "Flick out the middle finger and curl back slightly so that the outside edge of the thumb rests on it when you use the pincer movement. This will make the hand gently roll over to rest on the outside edge of the curled up little finger and side of the hand.", "The ring finger and little finger stay loosely curled up (holding a cotton wool ball in these two fingers can help keep them in place).", "Holding the pen or pencil correctly allows the fingers and wrist to move freely without putting strain on the hand, helping to improve handwriting and making it more comfortable.", "The Tripod Pencil Grip is the best way to hold a pencil, for both right and left handed writers, however this isn’t the easiest grip to learn." ] }, "parsed_md": "When to \"Fix\" a Pencil Grasp - The Anonymous OT\n\nMenu\n\n# When to “Fix” a Pencil Grasp\n\nPosted on March 22, 2013July 7, 2018 by TheAnonymousOT\n\nHey, we can’t all have perfect grasps...but we can have functional grasps.\nDetermining the differences between the two can save parents and children a\nlot of unnecessary headaches.\n\nBefore I dive too deeply into this subject, allow me to explain some of the\nterminology that Occupational Therapists tend to slip into when they talk\nabout a child’s grasp. Since grasps don’t always fit into a certain category,\nwe might use anatomical terms to clarify things. If you understand some of\nthese key phrases, then you should be able to decipher what your child’s OT is\ndescribing:\n\n## The Anatomy of a Pencil Grasp\n\nMP / PIP / DIP joints: These are the “knuckles” of your hand. The MP joints\nare the ones closest to your wrist, the PIP joints are in the middle of the\nfingers, and the DIP joints are closest to your fingernails. If a child is\ndemonstrating an inefficient grasp, they might be putting unnecessary strain\non these joints due to awkward positioning.\n\nWeb space: The first web space is between your thumb and index finger. If you\nmake the letter “c” with your hand, this web space is described as “open”. A\nchild with a death grip on a pencil is going to have a closed off web space.\n\nSeparation of the Hand: The hand has two sides; a side for movement and a side\nfor stability. Typically, the thumb, index, and middle fingers are the movers,\nand the ring and pinky are the stabilizers. Think of the way your hand moves\nwhen you cut with scissors, hold a utensil, brush your teeth, etc... you might\nnot have ever realized how important this concept is.\n\nProximal: Closer to the center of the body. For example, the knee is proximal\nto the ankle.\n\nDistal: Further from the center of the body. For example, the hand is distal\nto the elbow. A therapist might also use this terminology to describe the\nhand’s position on the pencil. For example, “the child grasps the pencil at\nthe distal end,” meaning closer to the paper.\n\nStatic grasp: The fingers are locked in their position, and the muscles within\nthe hand aren’t doing much work. This means that the pencil is being\ncontrolled by the larger muscle groups of the wrist, elbow, or even shoulder.\n\nDynamic grasp: The fingers and muscles within the hand are doing their job to\nmove the pencil to create letters. Everything else is stable.\n\nThumb tuck or thumb wrap: The thumb might tuck under the first fingers or wrap\naround them. This is usually done for additional stability.\n\n## Development of Pencil Grasp\n\nSo now that you know the anatomy and grasping jargon, let’s talk about the\ngood stuff: pencil grasps! In my experience, a grasp can be classified a few\ndifferent ways:\n\n### Developmentally Appropriate Grasps:\n\nSchneck & Henderson (1990) studied the developmental progression of pencil\ngrasps in children, and while there are slight variations to each of these\ngroups, here are examples of what we typically see, moving from least to most\nmature:\n\nFisted / Palmar / Gross Grasp: While the position can be referenced by many\nnames, this position is seen when the child holds the pencil essentially with\na fist. This grasp is the most immature, yet is still a typical part of\ndevelopment. A toddler first begins to grasp writing utensils in this\nposition.\n\nDigital Prontate Grasp: The thumb, index, and middle fingers are holding the\npencil on the underside of the hand. This grasp is also a part of typical\ndevelopment, hanging around for ages 2-3 or so. It is the start of a shift\naway from the whole handed “fisted” grasp and into a more controlled grasp\nwith appropriate separation of the muscles of the hand.\n\nTripod Grasp: Using three fingers to control the pencil. This is the “cremè de\nla cremè” of pencil grasps, the one you are most likely to see as the example\nof the “perfect” pencil grasp.\n\nQuadrupod grasp: Using four fingers to control the pencil. This is very\nsimilar to the tripod grasp, except the ring finger is incorporated into the\nmix. I think this one gets a bad reputation from some parents who think their\nchild is doing something crazy with 4 fingers on the pencil. However, a quad\ngrasp can be every bit as functional as a tripod. It might even be preferred\nif a little one’s fingers need just a little more support.\n\nImportant to note: A therapist may classify a child’s grasp as “immature” if\nit is still amongst one of these typically developing grasps, just a few\nstages behind. (i.e. a 3 year old that still uses a fisted grasp.)\n\n### Inefficient or Less Functional Grasps:\n\nWe may label other grasps as “less functional” or “inefficient” because they\ndon’t meet the criteria of the typical developmental progression mentioned\nabove. Here are just a few examples:\n\nInter-digital Brace: This one just sounds cool, right? It means that the\npencil is being stabilized between the fingers of the hand. A child may assume\nthis grasp when they need a lot more stability in the hand.\n\nFingertip Grasp: The pencil is controlled by the fingertips, with a majority\nof the movement directed by the pinky or ring fingers. This grasp may make a\nquick appearance in between the digital pronate and tripod grasp in typical\ndevelopment as a child is figuring things out. However, it doesn’t provide\nmuch stability in the hand or a lot of control over pencil movement.\n\n## Components of a Functional Grasp\n\nAs educational demands increase to ridiculous levels, children are finding\nthemselves forced into writing tasks and grasping skills that they just aren’t\nready for. They are scolded when those three little fingers are joined by\nothers in a desperate search for stability that hasn’t developed yet. If a\nchild doesn’t have the foundational skills for a proper grasp, they are going\nto start doing some funky things to try to compensate.\n\nWith that said, what are some of the components of a functional grasp? For\nthis assessment, we break down what is seen in a mature grasp as described in\nSchneck & Henderson (1990) as well as components noted in the work of Jan\nMcCleskey (2002) as presented in her First Strokes Multi-Sensory Handwriting\nInservice.\n\nProximal Stability: Child has to have a stable base of support in order to\nmove fine motor muscles appropriately. “Stability before mobility” is a common\ntherapy mantra. This means a proper seat in their chair, stable shoulder\nmuscles, and a stable forearm on the table.\n\nStability within the hand: This is where that “separation of the hand” concept\ncomes into play. In a typical mature functional grasp, the ring and pinky\nfingers are the stable ones, as they relax in the hand or rest on the table to\nprovide a base of support.\n\nMobility within the hand: The thumb, index, and middle fingers are the ones\nthat should be doing most of the pencil moving. They are made to complete the\nsmall movements necessary to create delicate fine motor work such as writing.\nThese muscles within the hand need to be developed so that other fingers\naren’t pulled in to create a basket weave of grasping chaos.\n\nUsing this sort of criteria for a functional grasp assessment, you may notice\nthat the tripod doesn’t have to be the only one that works. I often say to\nparents, “It doesn’t need to be perfect, it needs to be functional.” It’s\nimportant to mention this because children can get stressed out when someone\nrelentlessly harps on their grasp, or when they are forced to use these hugely\nembarrassing grippers on their pencil. (Especially when it’s for no reason\nother than their grasp doesn’t look exactly like what everyone else has.)\n\n## When to Change a Pencil Grasp\n\nThere have been several research studies about pencil grasps and handwriting.\nMost of which state that pencil grasp does not influence legibility\n(Schwellnus et al., 2012). So if the main reason you want to change a child’s\npencil grasp is because their handwriting is “sloppy”, I’ll have to stop you\nright there.\n\nHowever, there are definitely some situations that call for intervention. Here\nare a few to keep in mind from what we see in the clinic:\n\nBiomechanical stress on joints of the hand: If a child doesn’t have the\nstrength necessary to control the pencil, they are going to start locking\njoints in order to “hold” themselves in the writing position. This can lead to\nhyperextension, putting unnecessary strain on joints we want to be in good\nshape for a long time.\n\nFatigue or pain during writing tasks: Yes, a child might grasp the pencil for\ndear life as they try to exert some sort of control. This can cause fatigue or\npain during writing tasks, which can then lead to avoidance or behaviors\nrelated to writing. No need to make handwriting more painful than it already\nis.\n\nCompromised writing speed: If a child’s pencil is woven into their fingers, it\nmight be challenging for them to write with any sort of functional speed. If\nthey are having trouble in school because they can’t keep up with their peers,\nor are unable to get their school work done in time due to their grasp, then\nit likely needs to be addressed.\n\nImmature grasps that lack stability and/or mobility: A child may be stuck in\nan immature grasping pattern due to lack of strength or stability.\nStrengthening the muscles of the hand or training them in the proper position\nmay help to move the child along the developmental road.\n\n## Pencil Grasps and Handwriting\n\nAs I mentioned previously, changing a pencil grasp is not going to magically\nchange your child’s handwriting. Yes, it is a component of handwriting, but\nmost certainly not the only thing that should be looked at. (Check out my\nprevious post: Evaluating a Child’s Handwriting: An Inside Look for other\ncomponents of handwriting.) Some parents come to an evaluation with the\nunrealistic expectation that changing a grasp will be the magic “fix” they\nwere looking for.\n\nMost likely, with a lot of work, a young child’s grasp can be adjusted. With\nthis change, they might see less fatigue and/or pain with writing, and\ntherefore might be more willing to work on letter formations, line placement,\nand spacing: components that are really going to change the legibility of\ntheir writing.\n\nOccupational Therapists could go on about pencil grasps for ages, so this is\nby no means an inclusive list of all the aspects of grasping. However, the big\nmessage here is that it is important understand why a grasp might need to be\nchanged and the realistic impacts of that change. Ok, I’ll just admit it- I’m\na quadrupod grasp with a thumb wrap, but hey, I’ve made it this far. Or maybe\nI’m just jealous of all those tripod grasps out there...\n\n*If you’d like a handy printable reference of Pencil Grasp Fast Facts, visit our Handouts page!*\n\nReferences:\n\nSchneck, C. M., & Henderson, A. (1990). Descriptive analysis of the\ndevelopmental progression of grip position for pencil and crayon control in\nnondysfunctional children. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 44,\n893-900.\n\nSchwellnus, H., Carnahan, H., Kushki, A., Polatajko, H., Missiuna, C., & Chau,\nT. (2012). Effect of pencil grasp on the speed and legibility of handwriting\nin children. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 66, 718-726.\n\nMcCleskey, J. Instructors Manual for First Strokes Multi-sensory Handwriting\nProgram. The Handwriting Clinic (2002).\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\n### Related\n\n## 107 thoughts on “When to “Fix” a Pencil Grasp”\n\n 1. Pingback: The Quadrupod Grasp Myth: Is This Pencil Grasp Ok? - The Sensory Toolbox\n\n 2. Pingback: To the Optometrist That Considered Herself deaf AWARE... – DEAF in Society\n\n 3. Katherine says:\n\nJanuary 9, 2019 at 5:29 pm\n\nHi! I am fourteen and I have a pencil grasp that is the exact same as the\nfirst picture, the one with the article’s title on it. Is this causing my\nproblem. My hand hurts when I write for too long and my handwriting is\nextremely messy- sometimes it’s illegible. Thanks! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 4. Pingback: Teaching Handwriting in Your Homeschool: Elementary Edition - Growing Hands-On Kids\n\n 5. Karissa says:\n\nApril 26, 2018 at 8:45 pm\n\nMy daughter holds her pencil like this: http://www.pencilgymnastics.com/wp-\ncontent/uploads/2016/02/PG_add04_inefficient-grip-ex_muscle-\ninbalance_01_black-187×300.png I don’t know why she does this or if it is a\nsafe way to write? What do you think it is?(I’m asking everyone) I’ve never\nseen this before.\n\nReply\n\n 6. JULIANA MARCELINO says:\n\nApril 25, 2018 at 9:40 am\n\nGood Morning I would like to know what reference (literature) was used as the\nbasis for presenting the subject “Components of a Functional Grasp”, which is\nfrom the “When to” Fix “Pencil Grasp” post. Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 7. Pingback: Irrational Bias in the Guardian | The Many Rants of Larry Russwurm\n\n 8. Pingback: Accepting a “Weird” Pencil Grasp | The Anonymous OT\n\n 9. jennifer mainella says:\n\nSeptember 24, 2017 at 9:18 am\n\nhello.. I have a 14 year old son who still holds his pencil in fist grip\nposition!!!! Over the years we have attempted to help him with tricks to hold\ncorrectly..teachers along the way have tried different things. we talked to\noccupational therapists...nothing works. He doesnt seem too concerned with it\nand doesnt try hard to change.. he reasons his writing is neat (it is) . He is\na fantastic student but i know this slows him down\n\nReply\n\n 10. Pingback: Elastica – Fell & Run\n\n 11. WC says:\n\nApril 3, 2017 at 9:35 pm\n\nWish I was taught to write with a dynamic tripod grasp. I would teach little\nkids as early as possible to write using a dynamic tripod grasp; dynamic\ntripod grasp looks so elegant when they get to be adults.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Francesca says:\n\nMarch 13, 2017 at 2:58 pm\n\nMy 8yo holds his pencil between his PIP joints. What do you recommend? He says\na correct hold makes his fingers feel like they’ll slip off. This is with a\ntriangular pencil.\n\nWe suspect he may be dysgraphic like his dad. He can write legibly but his\nletters are all oversized because he doesn’t have good control.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Pingback: Time to Practice | KinderLynxRm3\n\n 14. Anonymous says:\n\nFebruary 4, 2017 at 5:43 pm\n\nHi, I am fourteen and have an inter digital grasp with a thumb tuck and have\nused this methode my whole life. My handwriting is neat and I have good speed,\nhowever, after writing for an extended period of time my hand hurts. I know\nthat its my wrist and forearm rather than my fingers controlling the pen and\nwas wondering if I need to change my grip.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Masha Posen says:\n\nNovember 22, 2016 at 2:20 pm\n\ni just saw a student with the pencil grasp like the one on your title page\n“when to fix a pencil grasp”. . what do you call that one, and how do you fix\nit?\n\nReply\n\n 16. h k says:\n\nApril 19, 2016 at 6:17 pm\n\nWhy are there no replies to any questions?\n\nReply\n\n 17. Holly says:\n\nApril 7, 2016 at 11:01 pm\n\nNeat article! I’m an inter-digital bracer myself- my older sister taught me to\nhold a pencil that way before my parents or teachers could get to me- and\nteachers throughout my whole life have tried to “fix” my grasp. I never even\ntried to change it- I can write just as fast as anyone for just as long, and\nmy handwriting is fairly decent. Why bother? I wish I could shove this article\ninto their faces haha\n\nReply\n\n 18. nosipho msomi says:\n\nMarch 23, 2016 at 8:57 pm\n\nHi i am 40 years and my hand is illegible and very small. Please help because\ni have got a promotion and writing is the daily task. I think the problems\nstarted at grasping, i do not know how to grasp the pen nicely. Please help.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Pingback: Grasp/Grip Patterns and When Do We Correct Them?\n\n 20. monu barnala says:\n\nMarch 9, 2016 at 2:14 am\n\nbeauutiful article ...loved reading it...it cleared all my doubts....and\nsurely this article will help every parents in good parenting\n\nReply\n\n 21. Clara B says:\n\nFebruary 29, 2016 at 12:58 am\n\nMy almost-7-year-old has a very tight grasp (more or less like the FIRST\npicture). He holds his pencil with the 3 fingers (forefinger, middle & thumb)\nbut the pencil points away from him just like in the first picture. No matter\nhow much we ask him to hold it rightly, he gradually (naturally) starts\nholding it in such awkward position. His handwriting is inconsistent and not\npretty but not so bad-looking either. What could be done? PLEASE help.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Leslie says:\n\nDecember 23, 2015 at 10:24 am\n\nMy son has high functioning autism and uses a fingertip grasp. I’ve been\ntrying to get the OT’s in his school district on board for YEARS to try and\nchange his grip. He was doing great until he hit middle school then his grip\nreverted to this. Now that he’s 15 and in high school, the writing demands are\nbecoming heavy and his hand is CONSTANTLY fatigued. I worry he’s going to\ndamage his joints with the way he grips his pen/pencil. Is it even possible to\nchange him at this point?\n\nReply\n\n 23. jack says:\n\nDecember 19, 2015 at 8:29 pm\n\nokay, this is a little silly, but I’m nineteen and I hold a pencil like how\nyou did demonstrating a closed web space. Should I be concerned? Is it an\ninefficient or damaging grip?\n\nReply\n\n 1. WC says:\n\nApril 3, 2017 at 9:39 pm\n\nDamaging grip.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Kacie says:\n\nMay 14, 2018 at 10:04 pm\n\nI wish someone would have responded to you sooner. I have the same pencil grip\nand it has never bothered me. I have beautiful handwriting and do not have\npain or fatigue writing that way any more than someone with a “proper” grip.\nMy Mom also writes the same way and never had any problems. Her sister had the\nsame grip and she was a professional artist. My brother also writes and draws\nthe same way without any trouble. For me, the “proper” grip is painful, slows\ndown my writting and I frequently drop the pencil. If it isn’t painful, you\ncan write decently and you can keep up with others, who the heck cares if you\nhold your pencil different.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Jenny says:\n\nDecember 8, 2015 at 9:25 am\n\nMy nine-year-old daughter uses the very top grip on this post with her pointer\nfinger around the top of her pencil . She has gravitated toward this grad\nsince she was four years old . We have tried lots of different things but that\nseems to be the grip that his sat with her . Her teacher now currently wants\nto change it and now my daughter complains that it’s hard for her to write\nwith the normal pencil grip and she feels like her handwriting looks like it\ndoes with her left hand now . Her speed is a good bit slower and she’s getting\nfrustrated I’m just wondering if her grip is her grip and we should not try to\nchange it . Her handwriting has always been really nice and she has good speed\n. What do you think would appreciate any thoughts 😊\n\nReply\n\n 25. Lynn says:\n\nNovember 30, 2015 at 7:17 pm\n\nMy daughter has the type of pencil grasp in the picture where it says when to\n“fix” a pencil grasp. You haven’t identified what it is. I don’t want to fix\nit (it is too late now anyway) but I am just curious to how it develops in a\nchild and how it can possibly affect her writing. Can you please clarify that\none?\n\nReply\n\n 26. Noel says:\n\nNovember 19, 2015 at 6:33 pm\n\nI have a 9 year old boy with a fist grip. He hates to work on it, let alone\ntalk about it. He is not eligible for school OT, because he is not in special\ned (he’s in the gifted class). He has other SPD issues, is generally\nuncoordinated, but he’s started violin (successfully so far) this year. But\nthe grip remains unchanged. Should we pursue private OT? Do we need a\npediatrician or other referral?\n\nReply\n\n 27. Diana says:\n\nAugust 27, 2015 at 2:49 am\n\nBy the way, my daughter, of the above comment, is 10.\n\nReply\n\n 28. Diana says:\n\nAugust 27, 2015 at 2:48 am\n\nMy daughter had absolutely beautiful handwriting but was holding her pen with\na heavy thumb grip that was putting a lot of strain on her and meant she got\ntired quickly. I have been encouraging her to hold the pen the tripod way, and\nalthough she is picking it up now, her handwriting has become messy and\nawkward-looking. Now I am concerned I should not have intervened, and that she\nhas lost that beautiful handwriting forever. Help! What do I do?\n\nReply\n\n 1. WC says:\n\nApril 3, 2017 at 9:41 pm\n\nUse the dynamic tripod grasp gripper, and keep correcting it until she\nnaturally uses the dynamic tripod grasp when writing. She will thank you when\nshe is older.\n\nReply\n\n 29. brittabeach says:\n\nJune 18, 2015 at 8:02 pm\n\nMy 4 year old has problems with pencils, spoons, scissors, crayons, etc. When\nI try to correct her hand placement her hand is so stiff I can’t move her\nfingers or she springs back to where she was. For a while I didn’t fight it\nbecause she has a very strong personality and we struggle with so many other\nissues, I didn’t want to fight this battle yet. But she is going into\npreschool this year and still can’t hold a pencil with anything more than the\nfist grasp. Do you think this is something we can keep trying to address at\nhome or do we need to get a professional involved?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Theresa says:\n\nSeptember 13, 2015 at 4:43 pm\n\nSounds like she needs an Occupational Therapy evaluation. Contact your school\ndistrict ..it is free.\n\nReply\n\n 30. Hannahbanana says:\n\nMay 15, 2015 at 9:14 am\n\nHi, my 20 month old holds a pencil/pen with a grown-up tripod grasp and\nprefers her left hand. On the Internet it says that doing this too early can\ncause problems. Her daddy showed her but didn’t force anything, she just seems\nto prefer it. I’ve only looked it up today because preschool have mentioned\nit. Is there anything I should do to encourage a more developmentally\nappropriate grip or should I just leave well alone? Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 31. Saara says:\n\nFebruary 23, 2015 at 5:26 pm\n\nThis is very helpful article! My daughter is in first grade(homeschooled) and\nher handwriting is much neater when I let her grip her pencil her way – which\nis a slight thumb wrap grip. If I use a pencil grip that forces her into a\ntripod pincer grip, she can still write legibly but she is slower and the work\nless neat, Should I let her grip her pencil her way? Or encourage her to try\nfor the perfect tripod grip buy using the pencil grip attached to her pencil?\n\nReply\n\n 1. WC says:\n\nApril 3, 2017 at 9:37 pm\n\nI would encourage her to write with the perfect tripod grip. I wish I had been\ntaught as a young child how to write using dynamic tripod grasp.\n\nReply\n\n 2. WC says:\n\nApril 3, 2017 at 9:38 pm\n\nSo, I would.\n\nReply\n\n 32. sandra says:\n\nFebruary 14, 2015 at 1:23 pm\n\nHi there, the pencil grip you have show with the caption “When to Fix Pencil\nGraps” is exactly my child’s graps! Is there a name for it?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Mary says:\n\nAugust 28, 2015 at 10:58 am\n\nMy son also has the pencil grip in the first picture. He refuses to change it,\ndespite all my efforts to help him. Is there a name for it?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Jenny says:\n\nDecember 8, 2015 at 9:39 am\n\nMy 9 year old daughter has the same grip. She has nice handwriting and good\nspeed. Her teacher is wanting to change it now thinking it will cause problems\nfor her in the future. My daughter says when she uses the normal grip, she\nfeels like she’s using her left hand and handwriting is bad. She says this\ngrip gives her more stability. We have tried over the years to change it, but\nshe goes back to it. Is this just her grip? Should we leave it alone??\n\nReply\n\n 2. Micaela says:\n\nJanuary 2, 2016 at 8:46 pm\n\nMy 11-year-old also has that grasp, and I’ve never seen anyone else with it.\nI’ve tried to change it, but to no avail. Is it one of those that could cause\nextra stress on the joints, causing problems in the long run? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Micaela says:\n\nJanuary 2, 2016 at 8:46 pm\n\nMy 11-year-old also has that grasp, and I’ve never seen anyone else with it.\nI’ve tried to change it, but to no avail. Is it one of those that could cause\nextra stress on the joints, causing problems in the long run? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Alison says:\n\nNovember 7, 2017 at 11:00 pm\n\nI am currently an OT student working in the schools and came across this\narticle looking for clarification for the name of this grasp. My best guess is\nthat it is similar to a Lateral Tripod Grasp, with an adducted thumb. Can be\ndue to decreased intrinsic muscle strength of the hand, or extrinsic muscle\nstrength of the thumb. This leads to the collapsed webspace between the thumb\nand index finger. The reason I say closest to the Lateral Tripod is because\nusually the whole index finger will be completely flush or lateral, to the\nwriting utensil in that grasp. It may also be a dynamic Tripod Grasp if the\nwrist or forearm are doing the movements versus the fingers themselves\n(plausible due to the collapsed webspace!)\n\nReply\n\n 1. Alison says:\n\nNovember 8, 2017 at 7:26 pm\n\n**UPDATE: I asked my clinical instructor who is an OTR, and she said it is NOT\na lateral tripod or tripod grasp. She said she does not believe it has a\nformal name, but she refers to it as a “hook” grasp and describes it in her\ndocumentation: “student stabilizes pencil between thumb and DIP of 3rd digit.\nIndex finger (2nd digit) is flexed or hooked around the pencil nearer to the\neraser than the pencil point. The web space is collapsed and thumb is\nadducted.”\n\nReply\n\n 2. Clara says:\n\nNovember 9, 2017 at 11:01 am\n\nMy 8-year-old has a very tight grasp (more or less like the FIRST picture) and\nhe says his fingers HURT when asked to hold it with the right grip. He holds\nhis pencil with the 3 fingers (forefinger, middle & thumb) but the pencil end\npoints AWAY from him just like in the first picture. No matter how much we ask\nhim to hold it rightly, he gradually (naturally) starts holding it in such\nawkward position. His handwriting is inconsistent and not pretty but not so\nbad-looking either. What could be done? PLEASE help.\n\nReply\n\n 33. Singh says:\n\nFebruary 12, 2015 at 7:38 am\n\nI wish I had known about this 20 years ago! I’m now in my late 20’s and have\nstruggled with bad handwriting all my life. I have an inter-digit brace with\nthumb tuck. Rather than using fine motor control within fingers, it is the\nforearm that is tightly clenched. As a child I had pain and developed swelling\nupon my ring finger where the pressure of the pencil rested in a tightly\nclenched grip (I loosened the grip over the years but there is still a small\nbump on that spot). This grip results in untidy writing, pain and fatigue.\nWith no available guidance to correct this, I waddled my way to high school,\nby which time I had compensated for illegible writing by writing very small\nfont- somewhat legible but too small to read. Writing under the clock, I\nrevered to a larger font and almost illegible scribbles. Afraid that I would\nfail exams due to illegibility of script, my English teacher had me use\nchildren’s lined templates to practice large cursive writing. This helped\nmarginally and in later years I migrated to keyboards but I am still held back\nby this less functional grasp. I find that writing implements which have less\npaper friction tend to cause more problems as the pen slides uncontrollably,\nhigh friction (very rough pens offer the most legible result with compromise\nin speed and medium friction (such as with a lead pencil or with course ink\npens) offers a compromise between legibility and speed, but nevertheless in\nwriting an essay I will experience pain and fatigue and I cannot write as fast\nas is expected in university level examinations, causing stress and further\npain and fatigue as I have to clench my forearm even tighter to control loss\nof legibility whilst increasing speed.\n\nI often look to others’ smooth flowing, neat and speedy tripod grasps with\nenvy. I find the tripod comfortable, although my forearm tends to clench and\ntry and control the movement due to muscle memory and I cannot maintain the\nhold due to frustration.\n\nCan any therapy from an OT help me in my age? I have heard of ambidextrous\npersons who have learned later in life, or switched hands after an accident.\nIf I learned to write with my other (left) hand, could I learn from scratch,\nor is the motor control memory too ingrained in the brain for this to happen?\n\nReply\n\n 34. Cheryl says:\n\nFebruary 7, 2015 at 11:02 am\n\nHi. I have a little guy in my class who will not apply downward pressure when\nprinting, As a result he gets frustrated with his whispery, wiggly,\nuncontrolled writing. Where do we start? I want him to smile!\n\nReply\n\n 35. Jan McCleskey says:\n\nFebruary 2, 2015 at 4:01 am\n\nvery well written and very correct. Bio mechanical stress is not in the\nliterature but duh! Think of these kids fingers when they are 60! In 1990 most\nadults had mature grasp patterns. The prevalence of funky grips is a\nrelatively new phenomenon\n\nReply\n\n 36. Sunsies says:\n\nJanuary 31, 2015 at 12:43 pm\n\nThanks so much for this great article. I have a 4 year old who is learning to\nwrite and has been grasping her pencil in a way similar to the one shown on\nthe photo “when to fix a pencil grasp.” She is in Pre-K and her writing is\nclear and neat. However, my husband is concerned that she has the wrong grasp\nand wants to correct her. Her teacher did not seem concerned about it when we\nbrought up the issue at school. As for me, I don’t think it is a big deal\nsince she writes clearly and doesn’t seem to be putting too much strain on her\nhand or fingers. Besides, it seems to be evolving into a quadrupod grasp. So,\ndo you believe it is a normal progression or should it be corrected? If it\nneeds correction, when and how should we correct it? I remember as I child I\nused to go between a quadruped and tripod grasp.\n\nReply\n\n 37. msoulakisorr says:\n\nJanuary 28, 2015 at 2:03 pm\n\nReblogged this on msoulakisorr.\n\nReply\n\n 38. Pingback: Griping About My Grip | The Mailbox Blog\n\n 39. Third Culture Kid says:\n\nJanuary 15, 2015 at 4:31 am\n\nWow – thanks for posting this article with photos! This has been most\nreassuring as my 3 years suddenly started writing her name and other words and\nwe have never worked on grasp before. She switches between hands, both with a\nfisted grasp and resists any instruction on how to hold a pen. I was worried\nthat she would develop a poor foundation for writing, but now I see the\ndevelopment path you laid out. She has always hit her intellectual milestones\nearly and physical ones later. Do you think I should still try working with\nher on her grasp or just give her space to develop naturally?\n\nReply\n\n 40. Pingback: Rubber Pen Concept Can Be Looped Over Hand for Easy Gripping - PSFK\n\n 41. Kathie says:\n\nOctober 6, 2014 at 9:58 am\n\nMy 8 year old son uses the quadrupod grasp but he also uses his ring finger as\nsupport under the pencil tip and his pinky under his ring finger. So kind of a\ncross between the quadrupod and the fingertip. But the pencil goes back the\nnormal direction. There doesn’t seem to be any strain on his fingers. Does\nthat sound like something we should have looked at?\n\nReply\n\n 42. BG says:\n\nJuly 15, 2014 at 9:02 pm\n\nI am Medical college student going to complete MD in a year. At first during\nmy High school days, I always had tripod grasp style to grip my pencil or pen.\nBut, now since last 4 years, I had difficulty in completing my exam paper\nwriting in given time. Now I grip my ball pen or pencil the way shown in\npicture at the beginning your article on which is labeled “when to fix a\npencil grasp”. My writing is swift, neat and less pressure is applied on the\nnib in this style. And when i shift back to my previous tripod writing grasp\nstyle I feel stiffness and tremors in writing. What do you suggest? Should I\ncontinue the way I am writing or change back to the old grip?\n\nReply\n\n 43. Rebecca Enright says:\n\nJuly 9, 2014 at 9:47 am\n\nI’m glad to hear that pencil grip isn’t the big deal that my elementary\nteachers made it out to be. I’ve always done a modified quadrupod grasp in\nthat my ring finger and index finger supports my pencil, while my middle\nfinger guides the pencil. However, my thumb doesn’t wrap around to hold the\npencil, I keep it balanced on top of my index finger. Elementary teachers made\nme write loops and loops in the “regular” way so I’m a switch hitter and can\nrotate between the two grasps. It was a great help in high school where we had\n2 written exams in the same day, but I always go back to my grip.\n\nReply\n\n 44. anita says:\n\nJune 18, 2014 at 3:58 pm\n\nMy daughter actually has a great pencil grip, but she is pressing down too\nhard I think. She has down syndrome and I don’t know if this is just part of\nher low muscle tone or just learning how to write. How can I get her to relax\nher grip?\n\nReply\n\n 45. Mark says:\n\nJune 4, 2014 at 8:58 pm\n\nI am a college teacher, and I noticed today during an exam that ALL the female\nstudents were using the “Closed Web” grip... A very strange and unnatural way\nto hold a pencil. Curiously, all the male students were using the normal\npencil grip. What is it about these females? Is it a cultural thing, kind of\nlike the vocal fry tone? I don’t get it. Can a young female please explain it\nto me, i.e., why do it? And why EVERY female does it?\n\nReply\n\n 46. Pingback: Teaching Handwriting in Your Homeschool: Elementary Edition - Golden Reflections Blog\n\n 47. Pingback: Teaching Handwriting In Your Homeschool: Kindergarten Edition - Golden Reflections Blog\n\n 48. Leeat Medalion says:\n\nApril 1, 2014 at 4:14 pm\n\nWELL SAID. What a wonderful way to explain pencil grasp and graphomotor skills\nto parents. I am an OT currently working in NY. I conduct CPSE and CSE\nevaluation within the school setting and privately. This is an issue I have\nbeen battling for a while. I continuously state that one must look at the\nunderlying foundation skills that are under-developed, weak or immature.\nChanging a grasp in most cases doesn’t fix the underlying deficit. Thank you\nfor your informative posts...they are refreshing.\n\nReply\n\n 49. Sally says:\n\nMarch 31, 2014 at 10:16 pm\n\nI am an occupational therapist and I often get referrals for students who are\nholding the pencil awkwardly. Although a very reliable resource called the DMG\n(developmentalmilestonesguide.com) which has lots of references dictates that\na young child of 2.8-3.0 is the age of the dynamic tripod grasp, I wonder if\nthe awkward grasp patterns that are now seen are due to the requirements we\nput on children while they are holding the pencil or crayon. Young children\nused to be able to scribble and experiment with strokes. It seems even\ntoddlers are now encouraged to form letters and numbers. This is just beyond\nthe developmental requirements as children only start to copy shapes\naccurately at around 4.6 years (DMG). WIth this extra cognitive drain, the\nmotor skill is compromised.\n\nReply\n\n 50. teeth whitening kit groupon says:\n\nMarch 4, 2014 at 10:20 am\n\nPretty nice post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to mention that\nI’ve really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. After all I will be subscribing\nin your feed and I’m hoping you write again soon!\n\nReply\n\n 51. Kristy Doody says:\n\nFebruary 17, 2014 at 1:35 pm\n\nThank you for sharing your expertise! I am a kindergarten teacher and I found\nthis information very valuable. Do you have any advice for helping a child\nwith a traditional tripod grasp who uses an extreme amount of pressure? I’m\nnot surprised this little one hates writing...it is exhausting just to watch.\n\nReply\n\n 52. Briana says:\n\nFebruary 10, 2014 at 5:40 pm\n\nWish somebody had told my 3rd grade teacher this. I’ve always had your\n“quadrapod” grasp. And I’m 26 and still do. I have the neatest handwriting of\nanyone I know and get complimented on my penmanship often. But anyway, she was\nso hateful she would literally come and change my fingers to grasp in a\ndifferent way. Or she would take the pencil out of my hand completely, while I\nwas writing, and make me pick it up again. Although, when she walked away all\nit took was a wrist flick to get everything back in order, but still....she\nwas pretty mean. :\\\n\nReply\n\n 53. Arlette says:\n\nFebruary 7, 2014 at 8:24 pm\n\nHello, I looooove your article... I am doing research on fine motor\ncoordination skills in 3 years old children and would love to quote your\narticle, but I need some information as when you wrote it? what’s your last\nname? (to give you credit for this). And would you be so kind to recommend me\nliterature about this subject. ?... please\n\nI’d really appreciate it. Greetings from Mexico.\n\nReply\n\n 54. nicole king says:\n\nFebruary 7, 2014 at 3:47 pm\n\nThank you for the great info. I have a son soon to be 5 and he is having so\nmuch trouble with pencil grip, which is greatly affecting handwriting at\nschool. He is currently using the finger tip grasp but switches it around\nsome. He complains that pinching it correctly hurts his hand. He also appears\nto be ambidextrous (runs in my family) because he chooses to do some tasks\nwith left and others with right...also some with equal use. Could this be why\nhis little hand isn’t strong enough yet to hold that pencil right? He fights\nme when practicing and avoids writing if he can help it. He will start Kinder\nin the fall and I’m worried he won’t be able to legibly write his name.\n\nReply\n\n 55. Summer says:\n\nFebruary 3, 2014 at 10:47 pm\n\nGreat article! I would love to send a pic of my daughter’s grasp just to get\nan opinion. After reading this, I still don’t know what to classify it as!!\nPlease email me if you are able to take a quick look. Sumtarr at telus.net\n\nReply\n\n 56. Alyssa C. says:\n\nJanuary 28, 2014 at 3:10 am\n\nI’m almost 21 and I still use the fingertip grasp. I remember my kindergarten\nteacher briefly trying to correct my grasp by giving me a raised surface to\nwrite on (?) but it didn’t stick. Funny thing is I hold my cutlery and\neverything else the “normal” way, but I’ll probably always hold my pencils\nwith all my fingertips.\n\nReply\n\n 57. Emily says:\n\nJanuary 16, 2014 at 2:16 pm\n\nInter-digital brace grasp-er here! Age 25. The OTs eventually decided that my\nhandwriting was good enough and I could use a keyboard. Miraculously I am\nquite able to draw, go no? Anyways, nice article, glad there’s a name for my\nasana.\n\nReply\n\n 58. Michal says:\n\nJanuary 12, 2014 at 4:33 pm\n\nThanks a lot from far Israel 🙂 Just love it! well written and informative! I\nkeep telling my children’s folks that grasps are hard to change (unless a\ndictator is sitting next to them to override it); and if their kids are\nsucceeding in writing everything down from the board (speed), their writing is\nlegible and are not tired- everything is good and functional! OT-Israel :))))\n\nReply\n\n 59. Alyssa says:\n\nDecember 13, 2013 at 12:26 pm\n\nWe are a homeschooling family and I am an SLP. I have a 7yo that uses a thumb\nwrap grip and points the pencil up rather than towards her shoulder. We’ve\nused HWT as our handwriting curric, but she doesn’t form letters the way the\nprogram instructs her too. Her writing is legible, but she can only write 10\nwords before her hand is so tired she has to stop. When we try a pencil grip,\nher handwriting deteriorates to the point where it is totally illegible and\nshe refuses to write more than 5 or 6 letters. Our local OT is unable to offer\nany advice or help. I would appreciate any insight.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Tracey le Roux says:\n\nJanuary 8, 2014 at 4:42 pm\n\nHi Alyssa, Shame, I feel for your daughter. My kids also struggled with fine\nmotor and handwriting issues and I am an OT myself, also homeschooling :-). I\nreally like what anonymous OT says about getting kids to have functional\npencil grasps, not necessarily pretty ones!\n\nI’ve put together some fine motor hand exercises, finger exercises etc over at\nmy website, and the way I use them as a homeschooling mom is to assign one\nactivity for the week, and then the kids do that activity before handwriting\nexercises and between lessons – I personally find that the quick 3 minute\nbursts of fine motor focus once or twice a day has really helped my kids\nimprove their endurance of handwriting and other fine motor tasks. So that is\none huge benefit of homeschooling for me – I can work their gross motor and\nfine motor needs into our daily routine! You can find the exercises under the\nfine motor tab on my site – OT Mom Learning Activities – hope they help a bit!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Alyssa says:\n\nFebruary 10, 2014 at 9:42 pm\n\nThanks! I looked up your blog and we are doing some activities.\n\nReply\n\n 60. kristyngreen23 says:\n\nDecember 11, 2013 at 8:24 pm\n\nI have a first grader that holds the pencil with a quad grasp but his thumb\npip joint is slighty hyperextended against the pencil.. what are your\nthoughts?\n\nReply\n\n 61. Shayla says:\n\nDecember 5, 2013 at 5:25 pm\n\nOops! I am currently 13 years old and use a pencil with the quadrupod grasp,\nand when I try to do a regular tripod it just feels “wrong” and my writing is\nmessier. I guess its too late to change that.\n\nReply\n\n 62. KSL says:\n\nOctober 5, 2013 at 7:51 pm\n\nWell thank you! I’ve used the four-finger grip since preschool. It drove my\nKindergarten teacher NUTS and since she hadn’t ‘fixed’ it by the end of the\nyear it just stuck. Now I know I’m ok 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 63. Gillian says:\n\nOctober 4, 2013 at 12:05 pm\n\nWhat would you call the grip at the very top of the page? My 8 year old holds\nher pencil this way and the OT at her school has half heartedly encouraged her\nto correct it but because my daughter has such beautiful penmanship and\ndrawing skills, the OT says it’s most likely fine unless she feels strain. Our\nfriend who teaches elementary school says it might become a larger problem\nwhen the writing assignments get longer in the higher grades. Can you give\nadvice about what to watch for that would indicate strain and the need to\nchange what seemed to be a functional grip?\n\nReply\n\n 1. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nOctober 5, 2013 at 5:30 pm\n\nI’ve actually heard someone call that a “violin” grasp, or a tripod grasp with\na hook of the first finger. Whatever you want to call it, that first finger\nposition is probably hooking high on the pencil due to instability. I agree\nwith the OT most pencil grips are fine as long as they are functional and\ndon’t cause unnecessary joint stress. If I was analyzing the grasp in the\npicture, I would see stress on the hyperextended joint of the thumb, as well\nas strain on the knuckle joint. You don’t want to see the joints locked in at\ntheir end range or beyond. Look to see if your child is shaking out her hand\nafter a short burst of writing to indicate fatigue and/or strain. I recommend\nthat if you don’t agree with your OT about the issue, don’t be afraid to get\nanother opinion. Best of luck!\n\nReply\n\n 64. Kristi Zimmerman says:\n\nSeptember 17, 2013 at 4:43 am\n\nI’m a K4 teacher. I have a student that holds her pencil the “fingertip grasp”\nas pictured above. She has great fine motor skills (zips/unzips,\nbuttons/unbuttons, strings small,medium, and large beads, cuts with scissors\nin straight and curvy patterns). Her older sister also holds her pencil that\nway. Her mom wants it corrected. What do you suggest?\n\nReply\n\n 1. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nOctober 5, 2013 at 5:14 pm\n\nHi Kristi, I would recommend an OT evaluation if mom is gung-ho on changing\nthe grasp. That way the therapist can get in there and make sure there isn’t\nanything else going on.\n\nReply\n\n 65. Tsunoba says:\n\nSeptember 4, 2013 at 7:02 pm\n\nSo, what kind of grasp is it that left-handed people use?.You know, the “hook-\nhanded” one?\n\nI ask because that is how I hold my pencil, but I do it with my right hand.\n\nReply\n\n 66. Janet B. says:\n\nAugust 30, 2013 at 7:20 pm\n\nWow! This is a great article. I wish I had had this info before I retired from\nmy position as an elementary school teacher! No one ever discussed this with\nus! I will share it with my friends who are still in the trenches! Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 67. Julie F. says:\n\nAugust 29, 2013 at 12:37 am\n\nI feel more relieved after reading your article. My 7-year old just started\n1st grade and her teacher is trying to correct her pencil grasp. Her grasp\nlooks somewhat similar to the photo of the Inter-digital Brace. She has held\npencils and crayons this way since she was 3 years old and numerous teachers\nhave tried, since then, to correct her grasp. I have also tried a few times,\nbut gave up because she has beautiful handwriting and it wasn’t worth her\ntears.\n\nAt the beginning of last school year, when my daughter was in kindergerten, I\ntold her teacher that I knew she used the “wrong” grasp, but I wasn’t willing\nto push the issue with her unless there was a problem. Her teacher said that\nshe didn’t see a need for it either because of how nice and neat she wrote.\nHer teacher even commented at parent/teacher conferences and on report cards\nabout what beautiful handwriting she had.\n\nMy daughter never complains about her fingers or joints hurting unless she is\nforced to try writing the “correct” way, and she writes a lot. In fact, I have\nnever had to make her work on her handwriting because she loves to write, draw\nand color in her free time so she already gets plenty of practice.\n\nShe had a meltdown tonight and was paralyzed with frustration when I asked her\nto practice spelling a few words. Normally this wouldn’t have been a problem,\nbut she was so upset and stressed about how to hold her pencil, even with a\npencil grip, that she just fell apart crying. She took everything so\npersonally and felt like her teacher was trying to hurt her feelings, although\nI’m sure that’s not the case. I don’t know what to do because I refuse to\nencourage her to change what works for her and what feels natural simply to\nmake her fit a mold, however, I don’t want to tell her to ignore her teacher\neither.\n\nThank you for this great article. At least now I feel more confident that\nthere’s really no need to force my daughter to change her pencil grasp since\nit works just fine for her.\n\nReply\n\n 1. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nAugust 30, 2013 at 12:18 pm\n\nHi Julie,\n\nThank you for sharing your story! I’m so glad you feel more confident in this\nissue. I hope that the pressure eases off so that your daughter can enjoy\nwriting and drawing again! It’s easy for people to pick at something because\nit looks different or wrong, they key is to know when it’s appropriate to\nintervene. I wish you the best of luck!\n\nReply\n\n 68. Pingback: OT Resource of the Week: Pencil Grip 101\n\n 69. zia says:\n\nAugust 14, 2013 at 6:13 pm\n\nreally liked this article....but i’d like to know if you have advice for\nchildren who have sweaty hands which makes it frustrating to write for a long\nperiod of time...any hints/ solutions for this ??\n\nReply\n\n 70. Nan Jay Barchowsky says:\n\nAugust 14, 2013 at 6:32 am\n\nGreat article, beautifully illustrated! The comments come from adults who say\ntheir own grips are poor. I gave an adult student a small ball of yarn to hold\nin the palm of his hand with his little finger and ring finger, holding the\npen in the traditional tripod hold. He still communicates with me and says he\nstill uses the yarn ball to relax his hand. Cotton balls are good for young\nchildren. If you have a chalkboard here is a fun activity for a child. Please\nsee the 06/07/2013 post on my blog, http://www.bfhhandwriting.com titled, Pre-\nWriting Activities.\n\nReply\n\n 71. Gifi says:\n\nAugust 3, 2013 at 3:22 am\n\nFor young ones with poor grasp I just used broken bits of crayon and they\nwould naturally learn a better grasp ! Building pincher muscle is a first\nstep!\n\nReply\n\n 72. christiekiley says:\n\nJuly 25, 2013 at 6:16 am\n\nI’m a quadrupod with thumb wrap too! Haha. Great post, well articulated, have\npinned to my therapy board, thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 73. Pingback: Pencil Grip 101 | The Anonymous OT\n\n 74. Cindy Jacobson, Med, OTR/L says:\n\nMarch 31, 2013 at 6:59 pm\n\nGreat article. I work on trying to develop mature pencil grips and there does\ncome a point if the grasp is functional, why are you fighting. I, too, have a\nfunky grap which I tell everyone it is functional but inefficient.\n\nReply\n\n 75. Kathryn says:\n\nMarch 26, 2013 at 10:31 am\n\nThank you thank you for addressing if there is a Need to “fix” the grasp. My 7\nyear old son (asd) uses a fisted grasp and has the most beautiful penmanship!\nHowever we were encouraged to add this to his IEP and therapy program. These\nwere the times he consistently had outbursts escalating into meltdowns.\nTouching his hands is a big no no.I finally had them remove these “fixes” and\nlet him be and he’s more relaxed and creative than ever!\n\nReply\n\n 1. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nMarch 27, 2013 at 9:10 am\n\nGlad to hear that Kathryn! Thanks for reading!\n\nReply\n\n 76. Nicole says:\n\nMarch 26, 2013 at 1:48 am\n\nAWESOME post! You’re right about legibility though I’ve seen it affected\nindirectly as students try to go faster and compromise quality... I just got a\ngrant to provide slant boards and grips for proactive use in kindergarten\nclasses and can’t wait to see if there’s a difference on next year’s screening\nof grasp. Not hard core research, just trying to do my best for the kiddos. I\nmade a video tutorial to help teachers know what to do if you’re interested.\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duNfdXgJyAY&feature=youtu.be\n\nI will be referencing this post at work so THANK YOU! Nicole\n\nReply\n\n 1. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nMarch 27, 2013 at 9:11 am\n\nI’ll definitely check out your tutorial! Thanks Nicole!\n\nReply\n\n 77. Econteach says:\n\nMarch 25, 2013 at 3:39 pm\n\neeek! I am an adult waaaay past the age when something should have been\ncorrected and I have a bent right index finger because of my quadrupod grasp.\nIt looks and feels like the bone has a subtle bend between the first and\nsecond joints because of years of too strong pressure. All this is probably a\nresult of learning to hold a pencil from my dad who was a natural lefty forced\nto become a righty because of a religious nut job at his private school.\nThanks for taking the time to help people learn the correct way to hold\npencils and the scientific reasoning behind each hold.\n\nReply\n\n 1. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nMarch 25, 2013 at 10:01 pm\n\nHaha! I guess it’s just too late for some of us... 🙂 It’s up to you now to\nbreak the grasping cycle for the future generations of your family! Thanks for\nreading!\n\nReply\n\n 78. Pingback: The Oh-So-Important-Pencil Grip (or maybe not?) | Theramingo\n\n 79. Donna says:\n\nMarch 25, 2013 at 10:07 am\n\nGreat article. Another grasp that I sometimes try and get kids to do when they\ndon’t have a functional tripod, is the adapted tripod. It works really well.\n\nReply\n\n 1. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nMarch 25, 2013 at 12:31 pm\n\nHi Donna, I thought about putting something about the adapted tripod grasp,\nbut for whatever reason I haven’t had a lot of luck getting my clients to\nmaintain it as we work on it week to week. Although I’m glad to hear it has\nworked for you! Thanks for your comment!\n\nReply\n\n 80. Amy says:\n\nMarch 24, 2013 at 9:43 pm\n\nThis is a great explanation of grasps. Is there anyway to get this helpful\ninformation in an Adobe format so it could be shared with teachers and\nparents? Thank you...this is an awesome blog!\n\nReply\n\n 1. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nMarch 24, 2013 at 10:10 pm\n\nAmy, that is a great question. I will definitely try to look into how to do\nthat since it sounds a bit out of my technical knowledge base... Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 2. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nApril 5, 2013 at 3:14 pm\n\nThere is now a printer-friendly “Print” icon below the post with all of the\nsharing icons. Hopefully that helps!\n\nReply\n\n 81. Toni says:\n\nMarch 23, 2013 at 10:38 pm\n\nFinally got this read.....nicely done AnonymousOT. And I agree-we just love an\nopen web space! LOL\n\nReply\n\n 82. Sherry says:\n\nMarch 22, 2013 at 3:01 pm\n\nThank you! Beautiful and thorough explanation of what I’m seeing when I look\nat how a student holds their pencil!\n\nReply\n\n 1. TheAnonymousOT says:\n\nMarch 23, 2013 at 2:57 pm\n\nThanks Sherry! It’s almost frightening how much I enjoy talking about pencil\ngrasps... 🙂\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n### Welcome!\n\n-The Anonymous OT’s mission is to provide a place for families and professionals to interact, speak freely, learn important, straightforward information, and share their experiences related to the world of pediatric occupational therapy.\n\n### Top Posts\n\n * When to \"Fix\" a Pencil Grasp\n\n * Why Your Child Can't Write His Name Yet\n\n * Ethical Dilemmas in OT Practice: What Would You Do?\n\n * DIY Pool Noodle Fishing Game\n\n### Browse by Topic\n\n * Executive Function Skills\n * Fine Motor Skills\n * Handwriting\n * Occupational Therapy: Behind The Scenes\n * OT Interventions & Reviews\n * Pencil Grasp\n * Pinterest Test Pins\n * Sensory Integration / Sensory Processing Disorder\n * Visual Perceptual Skills\n\n### Keep in Mind\n\n-All opinions expressed are those of the individual authors and in no way affiliated with their current or previous employers.\n\n-Disclaimer: The information contained on this website is for informational purposes only. 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To find out more, including how to control cookies,\nsee here: Cookie Policy\n\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * License Agreement\n * Disclaimer\n * About\n * Advertise\n\n© 2021 The Anonymous OT | Powered by Superbs Personal Blog theme\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n" } ]
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How To Make a Cardboard Ship
To make a cardboard ship, start by cutting 3 same-sized rectangular strips of cardboard. Next, draw the curve of the boat’s hull on 1 of the strips, arcing from 1 corner to the opposite side. Then, cut curves in both sides of the other 2 strips, which will be the sides of the boat. Afterwards, bend the bottom strip so it follows the arc of the side pieces, then glue the pieces together to form the frame. Once the boat is glued together, make 3 masts out of wooden skewers.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20211025171159/http://www.ikatbag.com/2010/01/narnia-and-north.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210526084138/https://www.redtedart.com/diy-cardboard-pirate-boat/" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.ikatbag.com/2010/01/narnia-and-north.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211025171159/http://www.ikatbag.com/2010/01/narnia-and-north.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "ikat bag: Narnia and the North!", "passages": [ "So the title is a bit misleading but hear me out. We've been reading a lot of the Chronicles of Narnia lately. The girls have been galloping through the house on their stick horses, cloaks billowing out behind them, calling out to one other in faux British accents. I am thinking that it won't be long before one of them asks for a bow and some arrows. And Narnian costumes. Mmmmm.", "Yesterday I asked the girls what they wanted to do after lunch and Jenna said, \"crafts\" (of course). So we cut up a corrugated cardboard box and made ships.", "These were hot-glued to the bottom, meeting at the bow (front). A smaller, trapezoid-shaped piece of cardboard was added to the back to form the stern.", "If anyone is interested, here is the pattern - I thought I'd trace it out and save it here in case we want to make these again - like if we ever did a nautical-themed birthday party. The ship is about 14\" long and too big for a single sheet of letter paper, so there is some cutting and pasting to put the pattern together.", "Two strips of cardboard were also glued across the middle of the boat, each with a hole to support the mast and sails. This way the rigging stays vertically stable without glue, and is removable for easier access to the deck during play. We started out with just one strip, planning to hot-glue the mast to the bottom of the boat, but the girls wanted it removable.", "The mast was made from a dowel and a popsicle stick. I'd have liked the masts to be taller but all we had were these precut foot-long dowels. The sails and flags were construction paper that the kids decorated.", "and sailed off into the sunset. You could just read Ariel's thoughts: \"Attina was right about land couture - puff sleeves! At my age! If not for my contract with Disney.....grrrrr....Soon as I get off this boat I'm firing my wardrobe manager.\"", "I suggested we have an actual sea battle involving cannons (bubble tea straws and playdoh cannonballs), battering rams and gangplanks. And turn Kate's oversized dinghy into a real pirate ship and play Roman galleys (minus slaves) and Asterix and Obelix meet Caspian and the Pevensies. Oo, crossover pretend play. Chilling possibilities.", "Oh my goodness how delightful. I have no littlies but already getting the urge to make those for no reason other than their lovliness. x", "You really are incredible and never cease to amaze me with your creativity! Your girls are so lucky to have a childhood jam-packed with wonderful creative fun! I wish I lived at your house!!! Lucy xxx", "Your boats are fantastic! Now I know what to do with that big sheet of cardboard from Ikea that I've been hoarding out in the playroom =)", "And i was JUST thinking about the week ahead, wondering what fun thing I could do with the girls. This is perfect!!! H got the boxed set of 7 books for xmas and S got the boxed set of 7 \"dramatizations\" on CD -- so we are on Narnia overload around here! I'll let you know how it goes... Now I better go print the pattern off right away, lest this turn into another \"good intention\" of mine...", "I love this! Any kind of craft involving boxes is fabulous. Now if I can just cut these out when the kids are asleep, we might be able to do this.", "These are fantastic. i just started reading your blog over the past week or so, and am AMAZED. I so sympathise with extending the play, and often find my daughter staring at me incredulously, as i suggest wilder and wilder ideas...", "Perfect timing! I saw this ship on The Crafty Crow and recognized it at once as the Dawn Treader. We are almost done reader the Voyage of the Dawn Treader, so we will definitely be making these! Thanks!", "This is sooo great! I am so glad to have this inspiration today. We are snowed in and I needed a change from Hot wheels with my boys. I can only play Batman for sooo long!!", "Well Lier, even though the girls wouldn't play battle you know what you can do for your next date night with the hubby. :)", "So cute! I love these little pirate ships...especially seeing the Princesses on the ship, so fun! Thanks for linking up! I can't wait to see what you come up with next month!", "These are amazing! Nicole from Gardenmama told me to come see your ships! Wow! I'm bookmarking your blog! love, Beth", "Hi Lier! WE made your boats for my daughter's 3rd birthday party, it was a Mermaids and Pirates theme and we had a wide variety of ages so I had the plain boats pre-made for the kids to personalize and decorate. It was a huge hit! Thank you for sharing such a fun project. I blogged about it here and included a link back to you! http://pinkandgreenmama.blogspot.com/2010/02/birthday-party-highlights- pirates-and_25.html", "Hi Lier, I just made one of these with my son. He loved it! Thanks so much for the brilliant idea. I posted a link to your blog. Hope that that is okay? Emma", "Wow -these are so awesome!! I really want to make one for myself right now! But I will probably make them with my students at some point soon. Check out my blog at: http://www.useyourcolouredpencils.blogspot.com/", "Love your Dawn Treader boat. I run a little book club and was looking for instructions to make a model Dawntreader.", "This is great! Thank you so much for posting the pattern. My daughters and all the family (here in Belgium) are now making these boats. We will glue papier mâché around them. Thanks for sharing !", "Lier, you are a fantastic woman and mom! A mom each kid can dream of. I just can't stop admiring your creativity, love to the kids and the combination of the two. Your blog is a TREASURE. I can't even think of how to express my \"THANK YOU!\" for all your enormous generosity and sharing. Woooww......wooowww and woooowww again I believe your talented designs skills and color taste reflects how good a person you are. Keep on being a source of inspiration to others!", "These ships come directly from the fairy books. I love them so much. To think that even your youngest was active in this superb craft/art activity! I am wondering how could they stay patient while you were cutting all these cardboard boxes and sticking them. Were they also involved in that part or they manage to be busy at playing around or doing some other ship parts in parallel? Maybe just enjoying watching you preparing for the next great activity?", "And I am not even talking about the sewing part of this blog with the precious tutos and the recent cardboard dreamful tree.... Not enough words and time to describe my appreciation.", "this is an awesome project! thanks for giving the instructions to make the ship! i look forward to getting to do this with my kids this week ... we're exploring pirates! :)", "The boats and all of your projects are wonderful. Was wondering where you get all your large pieces of cardboard without any writing on it? Ellen Rivoir", "@Anonymous Ellen Rivoir: I use regular cardboard boxes, usually. I cut them apart and use the insides (blank) for the outsides of my projects. Some cardboard boxes, particularly shipping boxes, have very little print/writing on their outsides, so I especially look out for and save those.", "You are the coolest mom ever!! I homeschool my kids and never have had time to do all this fun stuff with my kiddos! Wow I wish I were this creative! Just found your blog and my older kids and I were giggling about the cuteness of your little family!! God Bless you and your sweet little ones!", "This is so cute! Just shared on our facebook wall for a Columbus Day craft idea with the kids - thank you!", "Have you thought about making a craft book? I would buy it for sure! Your ideas are inspirational and are awesome for creativity. We are planning a week long T.V and electronic black out and I have been looking for some great ideas for my kids. Thank you!!", "I just stumbled upon this idea on Pinterest. I homeschool and we are learning about the age of exploration right now. This is perfect!", "Thank you so much for this lovely post. I have just finished making three boats for my two girls and their cousin. I can't wait to see how they decorate and play with them.", "I just ran across your Dawn Treader idea on Pinterest, and I have some boys who will be SO excited to make these! Great idea! We've been watching the Narnia movies this week during Christmas break, and the boys are all in a Narnia mood.", "Super ships!! As a Danish person I see them of course as Viking ships :) What a great craft to do with the kids. Would be a fun craft for birthday party. Prepare the cut out and the let each child assemble an decorate a ship. Thanks for sharing all the beautiful photos and providing a template!", "Love these boats, been wanting to do them for so long (think I first heard of your blog via Family fun) and was putting together a roundup of dragon boat tutorials when I remembered this! All your work is fantastic, I am so grateful for all that you share.", "Tooocute. Just took a look for first time. Decided to try to make mini to use in mote around fairy castle. Worked using paint samples instead of cardboard. Oue ship's base is toilet paper roll cut in 1/2\" strip squeezed and glued onto paint sample. Then cut around bottom. Worked really well. Thank you for idea.", "This is great! Thank you for sharing the idea and the pattern too. I'll give this to my 7yo boy. He'll love it (he's obsessed with recycling). Thank you!", "Thanks so much for these wonderful patterns. My niece wants a \"Ship\" that she can put a baby wipes container into, for her nautical nursery. This will work perfectly.", "Thanks for sharing this! We will be making our Viking ships with your pattern for the first week of back-to-homeschool activities, as we study American Pioneers. (and Vikings)", "Thank you for sharing your knowledge. It helped me a lot with a craft I have to do. Cris Terrazzan Brazil", "happy accident that I stumbled across this on twitter! fun, eco and diy -- all in one place - color me delighted! ;)", "These are so cute and creative! I was looking for a boat idea for Vacation Church school to use some really large boxes I have. I may try a giant size one for the theme of Paul's journeys. Maybe we'll make smaller ones for the kids to decorate. Thank you, thank you. You've given me so many ideas!", "Thank you so much for this template. I'm planning to use it for my son's How to train your dragon birthday party ;)", "so cool! cardboard is my favorite material, so definitely saving this. you also gave me an idea about my next cardboard collage art)) big thanks from Kiev, Ukraine", "It's five years later and people are still loving this tutorial! I just found it on Pinterest. My 12 year old son is going to use it to create a ship/cat bed for his Viking themed 4-H cat show cage. Can't wait! Thanks for sharing your clever ideas with the rest of us.", "Thats so much for the tutorial! I'm having a hard time figuring out page 3 of the pattern. Those are the two sides, right? they are different sizes?", "Thank you for the tutorial!!! I\"m having a difficult time figuring out page 3 of the pattern. These are the sides, right? they are different sizes?", "I have to thank you for this idea. Last spring, my 4th grade daughter had an assignment to create a model of a sailing ship from the 1500's from scratch. She had no idea what to do until she found your blog. She tweaked the template a bit and it turned out great. Fast forward a months. Now she's in 5th grade and has to do a diorama of an explorer, including a model of his ship. The one from last year is too large for this project, so she's making a smaller one. You're a lifesaver! Thanks!", "My 2nd and 4th grader crafted their own viking longboats today using your pattern. It was so easy to follow (thanks for the printables) and they turned out great! They've had a blast playing with them this afternoon. It really made learning about Vikings come alive!", "1. LiErMarch 12, 2017 at 5:58 PM\nUmm Sumayyah: You click on the small images themselves and the larger images will show up, which you can print out.", "Thank you so much for sharing this. I have to make Columbus style ships with the kids I teach at school and was struggling until I found your site! I'm gonna have a go myself and then teach it to the kids at my school - if that's OK with you? Thank you so much!", "1. LiErApril 26, 2017 at 9:50 PM\nAmanda: Yes, that's okay. I am so happy to think of your kids making cardboard ships (or cardboard anything, really)!", "Just what I was looking for. I'm going to shrink down the pattern and make it out of fondant for my daughter in laws viking baby shower cake. Can't wait to try this.", "Thank you for talking to me! If you have a question, I might reply to it here in the comments or in an email.", "I am a gratefully unemployed mom of three girls, all of whom are growing up much too soon! I like piles of warm, fresh laundry, the smell of salt air near the beach where I used to live, making lists, anything round (like heads) and the quiet evenings sitting with the man of the house after the kids are in bed.", "You are welcome to link to this blog and to any post on this blog and use ONE or TWO photos for that purpose. Do not use photos of my children. You are welcome to pin images from my blog, if those photos do not have my children's faces in them. Please contact me if you want to use the text on, or more photos from, this blog. Do not post my tutorials on your sites. Do not translate tutorials from this blog into other languages on your site. The ideas and instructions in the tutorials are free - but please use them to only make stuff for yourself or for gifts and not to sell. Ta! For more information, this and this might be helpful." ] }, "parsed_md": "ikat bag: Narnia and the North!\n\n * Who? What? Why?\n * Elsewhere\n * FAQs\n * Tutorials\n * Free Patterns\n * Patterns for Sale\n * Parties\n * Inspiration\n * Someday\n\n## Friday, January 22, 2010\n\n### Narnia and the North!\n\nSo the title is a bit misleading but hear me out. We've been reading a lot of\nthe Chronicles of Narnia lately. The girls have been galloping through the\nhouse on their stick horses, cloaks billowing out behind them, calling out to\none other in faux British accents. I am thinking that it won't be long before\none of them asks for a bow and some arrows. And Narnian costumes. Mmmmm.\n\nYesterday I asked the girls what they wanted to do after lunch and Jenna said,\n\"crafts\" (of course). So we cut up a corrugated cardboard box and made ships.\n\nEmily's was the Dawntreader,\n\nJenna wanted a princess figurehead\n\nand Kate had no opinion so we left the prow of her ship bare.\n\nWe started out with the basic ship, which was just a flat bottom with two\nsymmetrical sides.\n\nThese were hot-glued to the bottom, meeting at the bow (front). A smaller,\ntrapezoid-shaped piece of cardboard was added to the back to form the stern.\n\nIf anyone is interested, here is the pattern - I thought I'd trace it out and\nsave it here in case we want to make these again - like if we ever did a\nnautical-themed birthday party. The ship is about 14\" long and too big for a\nsingle sheet of letter paper, so there is some cutting and pasting to put the\npattern together.\n\nTwo strips of cardboard were also glued across the middle of the boat, each\nwith a hole to support the mast and sails. This way the rigging stays\nvertically stable without glue, and is removable for easier access to the deck\nduring play. We started out with just one strip, planning to hot-glue the mast\nto the bottom of the boat, but the girls wanted it removable.\n\nNext we added the figurehead and tail\n\nand a command bridge and helm (steering wheel thingy)- made with cardboard and\ntoothpicks.\n\nThe mast was made from a dowel and a popsicle stick. I'd have liked the masts\nto be taller but all we had were these precut foot-long dowels. The sails and\nflags were construction paper that the kids decorated.\n\nThe girls spent the pre-dinner hour fancying up their ships -\n\nyes, Kate, too! -\n\nthen loaded them with passengers\n\nand sailed off into the sunset. You could just read Ariel's thoughts: \"Attina\nwas right about land couture - puff sleeves! At my age! If not for my contract\nwith Disney.....grrrrr....Soon as I get off this boat I'm firing my wardrobe\nmanager.\"\n\nToday we continued with anchors\n\nand lifeboats.\n\nI suggested we have an actual sea battle involving cannons (bubble tea straws\nand playdoh cannonballs), battering rams and gangplanks. And turn Kate's\noversized dinghy into a real pirate ship and play Roman galleys (minus slaves)\nand Asterix and Obelix meet Caspian and the Pevensies. Oo, crossover pretend\nplay. Chilling possibilities.\n\nSadly, the girls chose to stick to leisurely cruises, traveling playmobil\ncircuses and princess tea parties at sea. Alas.\n\nPosted by LiEr at 12:29 AM\n\nLabels: Paper, Patterns, Toys, Tutorial\n\n#### 71 comments:\n\n 1. I wanna be creativeJanuary 24, 2010 at 12:18 AM\n\nI love how you extend the craft (and the play!), so it is more than one day.\nAwesome.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 2. JoyJanuary 24, 2010 at 3:43 AM\n\nOh my goodness how delightful. I have no littlies but already getting the urge\nto make those for no reason other than their lovliness. x\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 3. Locket PocketJanuary 24, 2010 at 4:57 AM\n\nYou really are incredible and never cease to amaze me with your creativity!\nYour girls are so lucky to have a childhood jam-packed with wonderful creative\nfun! I wish I lived at your house!!! Lucy xxx\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. AnonymousJune 18, 2012 at 8:15 PM\n\nagree with you, great!\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\nReply\n\n 4. maryanne @ mama smilesJanuary 24, 2010 at 12:18 PM\n\nYour boats are fantastic! Now I know what to do with that big sheet of\ncardboard from Ikea that I've been hoarding out in the playroom =)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 5. KarinJanuary 24, 2010 at 6:42 PM\n\nAnd i was JUST thinking about the week ahead, wondering what fun thing I could\ndo with the girls. This is perfect!!! H got the boxed set of 7 books for xmas\nand S got the boxed set of 7 \"dramatizations\" on CD -- so we are on Narnia\noverload around here! I'll let you know how it goes... Now I better go print\nthe pattern off right away, lest this turn into another \"good intention\" of\nmine...\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 6. TheresaJanuary 24, 2010 at 9:11 PM\n\nSo fabulous!!! And I'm gonna have all kinds of cardboard boxes next week when\nwe unpack!Yipee!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 7. Mid-Craft CrisisJanuary 25, 2010 at 5:27 AM\n\nI love this! Any kind of craft involving boxes is fabulous. Now if I can just\ncut these out when the kids are asleep, we might be able to do this.\n\nThanks. Love your blog! Glenyce\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 8. mermaidJanuary 25, 2010 at 3:48 PM\n\nAbsolutely wonderful, wonderful, wonderful! Well, I`m going to start\ncollecting cardborad... :)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 9. AnnieJanuary 25, 2010 at 6:42 PM\n\nThese are fantastic. i just started reading your blog over the past week or\nso, and am AMAZED. I so sympathise with extending the play, and often find my\ndaughter staring at me incredulously, as i suggest wilder and wilder ideas...\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 10. Rachel@oneprettything.comJanuary 25, 2010 at 11:05 PM\n\nWhoa... I'm kinda speechless right now... Just wow!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 11. EmilyJanuary 26, 2010 at 8:54 AM\n\nPerfect timing! I saw this ship on The Crafty Crow and recognized it at once\nas the Dawn Treader. We are almost done reader the Voyage of the Dawn Treader,\nso we will definitely be making these! Thanks!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 12. RowenaJanuary 26, 2010 at 11:47 AM\n\nMy 5 year old says \"cool! cool! cool!\"\n\nAwesome project. FOund you via the crafty crow.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 13. KelleyJanuary 26, 2010 at 11:56 AM\n\nThis is sooo great! I am so glad to have this inspiration today. We are snowed\nin and I needed a change from Hot wheels with my boys. I can only play Batman\nfor sooo long!!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 14. Rachel QJanuary 26, 2010 at 3:17 PM\n\nWell Lier, even though the girls wouldn't play battle you know what you can do\nfor your next date night with the hubby. :)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 15. UnknownJanuary 28, 2010 at 3:27 AM\n\nIt's sweet and marvellous...i'm loving it!!!...bss\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 16. AnonymousJanuary 29, 2010 at 7:07 AM\n\nan AMAZING project - thanks! -jo\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 17. AubreyFebruary 3, 2010 at 8:52 PM\n\nSo cute! I love these little pirate ships...especially seeing the Princesses\non the ship, so fun! Thanks for linking up! I can't wait to see what you come\nup with next month!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 18. Mary BethFebruary 10, 2010 at 6:07 AM\n\nthese are fabulous and a perfect craft for my 2 little guys! Thanks!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 19. comtesseFebruary 11, 2010 at 2:36 AM\n\nI made one with my boy. Thanks a lot.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 20. BethFebruary 23, 2010 at 7:38 AM\n\nThese are amazing! Nicole from Gardenmama told me to come see your ships! Wow!\nI'm bookmarking your blog! love, Beth\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 21. pink and green mama MaryLeaFebruary 25, 2010 at 7:48 AM\n\nHi Lier! WE made your boats for my daughter's 3rd birthday party, it was a\nMermaids and Pirates theme and we had a wide variety of ages so I had the\nplain boats pre-made for the kids to personalize and decorate. It was a huge\nhit! Thank you for sharing such a fun project. I blogged about it here and\nincluded a link back to you!\nhttp://pinkandgreenmama.blogspot.com/2010/02/birthday-party-highlights-\npirates-and_25.html\n\nfondly, pink and green mama MaryLea\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 22. ourlovevanMarch 28, 2010 at 5:28 AM\n\nAdorei!Este blog é Fantástico! Parabéns! Milsorrrisoscoloridos\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 23. EmmaApril 6, 2010 at 11:14 PM\n\nHi Lier, I just made one of these with my son. He loved it! Thanks so much for\nthe brilliant idea. I posted a link to your blog. Hope that that is okay? Emma\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 24. mimi la bidouilleApril 13, 2010 at 11:21 PM\n\nI know two little girls (mine) who will adore your boats! Thank you so much\nfor this project.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 25. Anne FarrellJuly 30, 2010 at 6:31 AM\n\nWow -these are so awesome!! I really want to make one for myself right now!\nBut I will probably make them with my students at some point soon. Check out\nmy blog at: http://www.useyourcolouredpencils.blogspot.com/\n\nAnne.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 26. Janet4booksOctober 29, 2010 at 1:34 PM\n\nLove your Dawn Treader boat. I run a little book club and was looking for\ninstructions to make a model Dawntreader.\n\nI would have e-mailed you but I don't see an email address on your site.\n\nThanks again, Janet4books\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 27. MarianneJanuary 12, 2011 at 3:21 AM\n\nThis is great! Thank you so much for posting the pattern. My daughters and all\nthe family (here in Belgium) are now making these boats. We will glue papier\nmâché around them. Thanks for sharing !\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 28. judith27kMarch 10, 2011 at 11:51 PM\n\nLier, you are a fantastic woman and mom! A mom each kid can dream of. I just\ncan't stop admiring your creativity, love to the kids and the combination of\nthe two. Your blog is a TREASURE. I can't even think of how to express my\n\"THANK YOU!\" for all your enormous generosity and sharing. Woooww......wooowww\nand woooowww again I believe your talented designs skills and color taste\nreflects how good a person you are. Keep on being a source of inspiration to\nothers!\n\nThese ships come directly from the fairy books. I love them so much. To think\nthat even your youngest was active in this superb craft/art activity! I am\nwondering how could they stay patient while you were cutting all these\ncardboard boxes and sticking them. Were they also involved in that part or\nthey manage to be busy at playing around or doing some other ship parts in\nparallel? Maybe just enjoying watching you preparing for the next great\nactivity?\n\nAnd I am not even talking about the sewing part of this blog with the precious\ntutos and the recent cardboard dreamful tree.... Not enough words and time to\ndescribe my appreciation.\n\nHave a wonderful weekend, you and your whole family!\n\nThank you a million!!!!!\n\nJudith\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 29. AnonymousJune 7, 2011 at 6:03 PM\n\nthis is an awesome project! thanks for giving the instructions to make the\nship! i look forward to getting to do this with my kids this week ... we're\nexploring pirates! :)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 30. AnonymousJuly 1, 2011 at 10:16 AM\n\nThe boats and all of your projects are wonderful. Was wondering where you get\nall your large pieces of cardboard without any writing on it? Ellen Rivoir\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 31. LiErJuly 1, 2011 at 9:04 PM\n\n@Anonymous Ellen Rivoir: I use regular cardboard boxes, usually. I cut them\napart and use the insides (blank) for the outsides of my projects. Some\ncardboard boxes, particularly shipping boxes, have very little print/writing\non their outsides, so I especially look out for and save those.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 32. LauraSeptember 26, 2011 at 12:32 PM\n\nYou are the coolest mom ever!! I homeschool my kids and never have had time to\ndo all this fun stuff with my kiddos! Wow I wish I were this creative! Just\nfound your blog and my older kids and I were giggling about the cuteness of\nyour little family!! God Bless you and your sweet little ones!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 33. Sally @ Polka Dot MarketOctober 10, 2011 at 9:17 AM\n\nThis is so cute! Just shared on our facebook wall for a Columbus Day craft\nidea with the kids - thank you!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 34. KehauJanuary 7, 2012 at 7:10 PM\n\nThis is great! I'm a 5th grade teacher and we read The Dawn Treader.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 35. AnonymousJanuary 31, 2012 at 7:05 AM\n\nHave you thought about making a craft book? I would buy it for sure! Your\nideas are inspirational and are awesome for creativity. We are planning a week\nlong T.V and electronic black out and I have been looking for some great ideas\nfor my kids. Thank you!!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 36. AnonymousFebruary 14, 2012 at 3:08 PM\n\nI just stumbled upon this idea on Pinterest. I homeschool and we are learning\nabout the age of exploration right now. This is perfect!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 37. Katie MMay 11, 2012 at 4:24 PM\n\nThank you so much for this lovely post. I have just finished making three\nboats for my two girls and their cousin. I can't wait to see how they decorate\nand play with them.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 38. AnonymousJuly 15, 2012 at 5:46 AM\n\nhelpful and very creative crafts for toddlers. very easy to do.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 39. frayJuly 22, 2012 at 8:28 AM\n\nprecioso para entretener a los niños y ecologico,buenisima idea\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 40. Sarah @ Frugal Fun for BoysDecember 22, 2012 at 3:04 PM\n\nI just ran across your Dawn Treader idea on Pinterest, and I have some boys\nwho will be SO excited to make these! Great idea! We've been watching the\nNarnia movies this week during Christmas break, and the boys are all in a\nNarnia mood.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 41. Eva | Little Cool ToysFebruary 25, 2013 at 2:53 PM\n\nSuper ships!! As a Danish person I see them of course as Viking ships :) What\na great craft to do with the kids. Would be a fun craft for birthday party.\nPrepare the cut out and the let each child assemble an decorate a ship. Thanks\nfor sharing all the beautiful photos and providing a template!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 42. UnknownJune 11, 2013 at 1:05 PM\n\nLove these boats, been wanting to do them for so long (think I first heard of\nyour blog via Family fun) and was putting together a roundup of dragon boat\ntutorials when I remembered this! All your work is fantastic, I am so grateful\nfor all that you share.\n\n(Link can be found here: http://mariespastiche.blogspot.ca/2013/06/dragon-\nboat-festival-roundup-of-dragon.html)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 43. AnonymousJune 12, 2013 at 3:18 PM\n\nSo cool!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 44. AnonymousJune 15, 2013 at 7:48 PM\n\nTooocute. Just took a look for first time. Decided to try to make mini to use\nin mote around fairy castle. Worked using paint samples instead of cardboard.\nOue ship's base is toilet paper roll cut in 1/2\" strip squeezed and glued onto\npaint sample. Then cut around bottom. Worked really well. Thank you for idea.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 45. DiJuly 14, 2013 at 10:20 PM\n\nThis is great! Thank you for sharing the idea and the pattern too. I'll give\nthis to my 7yo boy. He'll love it (he's obsessed with recycling). Thank you!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 46. UnknownAugust 22, 2013 at 10:36 AM\n\nThanks so much for these wonderful patterns. My niece wants a \"Ship\" that she\ncan put a baby wipes container into, for her nautical nursery. This will work\nperfectly.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 47. AmandaAugust 22, 2013 at 4:03 PM\n\nThanks for sharing this! We will be making our Viking ships with your pattern\nfor the first week of back-to-homeschool activities, as we study American\nPioneers. (and Vikings)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 48. AnonymousSeptember 3, 2013 at 6:59 AM\n\nThank you for sharing your knowledge. It helped me a lot with a craft I have\nto do. Cris Terrazzan Brazil\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 49. UnknownOctober 19, 2013 at 9:47 AM\n\nhappy accident that I stumbled across this on twitter! fun, eco and diy -- all\nin one place - color me delighted! ;)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 50. AnonymousOctober 24, 2013 at 5:48 PM\n\nWow. Mom that is amazing........I will try it tomorrow. My sons birthday party\nis in two days.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 51. jqNovember 23, 2013 at 5:08 PM\n\nWonderful! Thanks for sharing your work.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 52. Kerstin von elf19.deJanuary 12, 2014 at 9:53 AM\n\nThank you for sharing - here is our \"version\" of your ship!\nhttp://elf19.de/basteln-mit-kindern-piratenschiff/\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 53. AnonymousFebruary 20, 2014 at 8:30 PM\n\nWell done Mommy, you are creating beautiful memories. xo\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 54. AnonymousJune 3, 2014 at 10:54 PM\n\nThese are so cute and creative! I was looking for a boat idea for Vacation\nChurch school to use some really large boxes I have. I may try a giant size\none for the theme of Paul's journeys. Maybe we'll make smaller ones for the\nkids to decorate. Thank you, thank you. You've given me so many ideas!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 55. AnonymousSeptember 3, 2014 at 9:20 PM\n\nThank you so much for this template. I'm planning to use it for my son's How\nto train your dragon birthday party ;)\n\nCristina, from Buenos Aires - Argentina\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 56. Vera KarimovaDecember 1, 2014 at 3:46 AM\n\nso cool! cardboard is my favorite material, so definitely saving this. you\nalso gave me an idea about my next cardboard collage art)) big thanks from\nKiev, Ukraine\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 57. HeidiMarch 15, 2015 at 10:19 PM\n\nIt's five years later and people are still loving this tutorial! I just found\nit on Pinterest. My 12 year old son is going to use it to create a ship/cat\nbed for his Viking themed 4-H cat show cage. Can't wait! Thanks for sharing\nyour clever ideas with the rest of us.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 58. SalwaMarch 26, 2015 at 8:40 PM\n\nThats so much for the tutorial! I'm having a hard time figuring out page 3 of\nthe pattern. Those are the two sides, right? they are different sizes?\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 59. SalwaMarch 26, 2015 at 8:42 PM\n\nThank you for the tutorial!!! I\"m having a difficult time figuring out page 3\nof the pattern. These are the sides, right? they are different sizes?\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 60. SalwaMarch 26, 2015 at 8:44 PM\n\nohhh, i get it now :-)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 61. JoyceDecember 10, 2015 at 12:22 PM\n\nI have to thank you for this idea. Last spring, my 4th grade daughter had an\nassignment to create a model of a sailing ship from the 1500's from scratch.\nShe had no idea what to do until she found your blog. She tweaked the template\na bit and it turned out great. Fast forward a months. Now she's in 5th grade\nand has to do a diorama of an explorer, including a model of his ship. The one\nfrom last year is too large for this project, so she's making a smaller one.\nYou're a lifesaver! Thanks!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 62. Jon HagelJanuary 21, 2016 at 4:13 PM\n\nMy 2nd and 4th grader crafted their own viking longboats today using your\npattern. It was so easy to follow (thanks for the printables) and they turned\nout great! They've had a blast playing with them this afternoon. It really\nmade learning about Vikings come alive!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 63. AnonymousJuly 18, 2016 at 12:46 PM\n\nThis will be perfect for teaching my sea cadets the parts of a boat :)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 64. UnknownMarch 12, 2017 at 10:16 AM\n\nHi how do I download the pattern there is no link :/\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. LiErMarch 12, 2017 at 5:58 PM\n\nUmm Sumayyah: You click on the small images themselves and the larger images\nwill show up, which you can print out.\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\nReply\n\n 65. Miss RobinsonApril 23, 2017 at 2:41 PM\n\nThank you so much for sharing this. I have to make Columbus style ships with\nthe kids I teach at school and was struggling until I found your site! I'm\ngonna have a go myself and then teach it to the kids at my school - if that's\nOK with you? Thank you so much!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. LiErApril 26, 2017 at 9:50 PM\n\nAmanda: Yes, that's okay. I am so happy to think of your kids making cardboard\nships (or cardboard anything, really)!\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\nReply\n\n 66. KatyOctober 28, 2020 at 3:37 PM\n\nThank you! I'm going to add this to my ship patterns and make one for my\ngirlfriend's birthday.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 67. YncbeeJuly 6, 2021 at 12:27 PM\n\nthis is wonderful. We will be using for an Odyssey craft! Thank you so very\nmuch!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 68. UnknownAugust 23, 2021 at 7:13 AM\n\nJust what I was looking for. I'm going to shrink down the pattern and make it\nout of fondant for my daughter in laws viking baby shower cake. Can't wait to\ntry this.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\nAdd comment\n\nLoad more...\n\nThank you for talking to me! If you have a question, I might reply to it here\nin the comments or in an email.\n\nNewer Post Older Post Home\n\nSubscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)\n\n## Hello and Welcome!\n\nI am a gratefully unemployed mom of three girls, all of whom are growing up\nmuch too soon! I like piles of warm, fresh laundry, the smell of salt air near\nthe beach where I used to live, making lists, anything round (like heads) and\nthe quiet evenings sitting with the man of the house after the kids are in\nbed.\n\n## Copyright\n\nYou are welcome to link to this blog and to any post on this blog and use ONE\nor TWO photos for that purpose. Do not use photos of my children. You are\nwelcome to pin images from my blog, if those photos do not have my children's\nfaces in them. Please contact me if you want to use the text on, or more\nphotos from, this blog. Do not post my tutorials on your sites. Do not\ntranslate tutorials from this blog into other languages on your site. The\nideas and instructions in the tutorials are free - but please use them to only\nmake stuff for yourself or for gifts and not to sell. Ta! 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We do adore a little Pirate Craft here or there (a great addition to our special Crafts for Boys collection)!!! Red Ted was given a fabulous pirate ship with fabulous pirates for his . He wouldn’t let Pip Squeak play (as kids sometimes do, especially with new toy).", "So I bought her some pirates (thinking the pirates were the problem). He then said “Mummy, can you make Pip Squeak a pirate ship too?”. This was about 4 weeks ago.. and finally", "I love this Pirate Ship sent to us by Facebook Reader Andrea C ! Thank you for sharing your photo with us!", "Some of the materials are optional – e.g. you could use acrylic paints in which case you wouldn’t need varnish.. similarly you don’t HAVE to add a layer of paper mache, but I think it adds stability! See what you can find at home and amend our DIY Pirate Ship How to, to suite what you have at home!", "For those who have asked.. we have these fantastic Pirate Toys – that my kids still enjoy playing with over 6 years later. They are a bit pricey, but I would say a fantastic COLLECTORS item.. and ahem, we have quite few now. Get them here US/ UK (affiliate links)", "Cut out your basic pirate ship shape. We had 5 parts: the bottom, the two sides, the back and a deck. I have included the dimension in a rough sketch for you. Really – they are just approximations. Best to cut your two side panels and the back, tape it all together and then to cut your base and desk to fit your boat. I kept trimming off a little for a good fit! I based our ship on Red Ted’s Toy.", "Cut port holes into your sides and back of your DIY Pirate Ship. I used some nail scissors (that I have especially for crafting) – as they have a nice round curve. Tape your sides and back together.", "Having trimmed your bottom and deck, tape these in too. The deck is quite fragile and is the part that probably benefits the most from the paper mache.", "Cut out 12 cardboard discs – poke a hole through them. Make sure the stick fits snuggly. Then glue all the discs together with strong (!) glue and finally glue in place on the boat. Add masking tape to secure it (picture doesn’t show the tape, sorry!).", "Now to paper mache! We happened to have lots of white “packing paper” lying around, so I decided to use that. Of course ordinary newspaper is fine too. Check our easy and low cost paper mache recipe. Cut your paper in lots of small-ish strips. Start adding layers of mache – especially over the “joints”. Secure all the masking tape – try to give extra hold to the deck. Yes it is fiddly, but if you can get a few layers of paper “under the deck” propping it up, then that will give it extra strength.", "I like to layer my paper in different directions – you know how when you tear newspaper it one direction it tears really is easily, but not in the other? Well, I believe that if you criss cross your paper layers when paper maching, you get a stronger final construction. I do this particularly in areas of “stress and weakness” – e.g. I layered extra round the circular discs.", "Let dry again and add detail – I painted on some skull and cross bones and anchors. I first drew some on paper, cut them out and traced them on with pencil.", "Make a sail: I used a rectangular ish piece of black suit fabric. Sewed the edges. Across the top, I left the seam “wider” so I could insert a stick. Near the middle I snipped the fabric, threaded through some string and with that tied the sail to the mast! For the skull and cross bone I stuck on some white felt.", "Done. Enjoy! I am sure that with time, I will add a ladder and crows nest. But for now, we are done! Hope you have making your own pirate ship!! Remember, that the paper mache is “optional”... all about the longevity of your craft! We want to keep ours for a long long time!", "Cut out your basic pirate ship shape. We had 5 parts: the bottom, the two sides, the back and a deck. I have included the dimension in a rough sketch for you. Really – they are just approximations. Best to cut your two side panels and the back, tape it all together and then to cut your base and desk to fit your boat. I kept trimming off a little for a good fit!", "Cut port holes into your sides and back of your DIY Pirate Ship. I used some nail scissors (that I have especially for crafting) – as they have a nice round curve. Tape your sides and back together.", "Having trimmed your bottom and deck, tape these in too. The deck is quite fragile and is the part that probably benefits the most from the paper mache.", "Cut out 12 cardboard discs – poke a hole through them. Make sure the stick fits snuggly. Then glue all the discs together with strong (!) glue and finally glue in place on the boat. Add masking tape to secure it (picture doesn’t show the tape, sorry!).", "Check our easy and low cost paper mache recipe. Cut your paper in lots of small-ish strips. Start adding layers of mache – especially over the “joints”. Secure all the masking tape – try to give extra hold to the deck. Yes it is fiddly, but if you can get a few layers of paper “under the deck” propping it up, then that will give it extra strength.", "Let dry again and add detail – I painted on some skull and cross bones and anchors. I first drew some on paper, cut them out and traced them on with pencil.", "Make a sail: I used a rectangular ish piece of black suit fabric. Sewed the edges. Across the top, I left the seam “wider” so I could insert a stick. Near the middle I snipped the fabric, threaded through some string and with that tied the sail to the mast! For the skull and cross bone I stuck on some white felt.", "Land ahoy! This is absolutely fab, the pattern helps a lot; am absolutely pants at free hand drawing. The little pirate people are very cute too 🙂", "Hehehe I hope it does! Though I confess... I just trimmed a bit here and there to make it all fit!", "sooo cute – much better than a plastic one and a fraction of the price of a wooden one – fab idea!", "This is adorable. Great for a pirate party my friend is having soon. I would love if you shared it on my link party this week. http://www.kampenlane.com", "I’ve been dying to see this since the teaser (prior to covering in paper mache) and it is amazing! so good! I reckon it would be a really good piñata for a birthday party if it was built a bit bigger with a weakened section – what do you think?", "bravo a toi!! votre idée est super!! c’est fabuleux! j’ai découvert votre blog elle est super !! grace a vous ça m’inspire merci a toi!! et de votre partage!!", "What a cute little pirate ship...my boys would have so much fun playing with one like that! I love how the flag turned out 🙂", "This pirate boat is great, I have just made one from your instructions and it’s looking good, considering I am not very artistic, thank you very much 🙂", "Ooh how fabulous! I am so pleased!! Would love to see a picture when you finished?! You can post it on my FB wall http://www.facebook.com/redtedart", "After all the amazing things you’ve posted to Creative Juice Thursday over the past year, I just had to feature you {and much more in the future too} at the new site. This tutorial is awesome, and is one of the few well-written cardboard tutorials on the net!", "Oooh totally forgot to reply! They are called Arty Toy Pirates from Djeco (a French company I think?). e.g. http://www.tickety- boo.co.uk/acatalog/Arty_Toys_from_Djeco.html", "Fantastic instructions for the pirate ship, it has helped me out so much with the little ones school project she has enjoyed making it with me, thanks", "do you have to use those mesurements i mean is that what you used becuse i think it is too big plus have you used card please reply quickly because it is my homework", "No you don’t those are the measurements I happened to use. The idea is that you cut it down to fit whatever you have at home.", "Just wanted to let you know you inspired my ship. I linked back to you here: http://craftymomsshare.blogspot.com/2013/01/ahoy-matey-i-made-pirate-ship-and- some.html. Thank you!!", "I teach a group of special needs students in the 6th and 7th grade. We are making these boats to go with the story we are reading. (Treasure Island) It has also tied in nicely with our measurement unit in math. They were able to cut the cardboard with safety scissors! We are ready to paper mache. That should be fun with 10 kids at the same time. 🙂", "That is a brilliant pirate ship. I love that your rough diagram is the same as my ‘spent 6 hours doing this’ 😀", "Your brilliant instructions saved me when my son demanded we make a pirate ship this holiday. Hope you don’t mind but I linked to your blog from mine", "We used this as our model for our report and the teacher gave us an A+. Ur kids r super lucky. It makes up for our exams that we flunked. We love ur work, Thank you, for our next report we are going to use some bit of art of urs. Thank you, so much!!! love ur work. Art Head and Paint Brush Legs 🙂", "They are called “Pirate Arty Toy by Djeco” – you need to google it to see what online shops sell them in your country 🙂", "Hi Red Ted! I’m the children’s librarian at the Katherine Tyra Library and I just wanted to give you a heads up. Our Build It! program is using your Pirate ship building specifications for our project this Thursday. We used your picture and credited your blog for the picture and the idea! Thanks for sharing your cool ideas with us. If you have any concern about the usage of your picture in the blog please contact me. Thanks again.", "THX so much! It really works out. My daughter is using it for her project. I don’t know what I would do without you! Then again I agree with Anna, your kids are lucky to have such a mom as you. : )", "I love this so much – thank you for the pattern – we are going to make one this week", "What a super fun idea, it also looks super easy to make too! I really want to try this! I know my kids will have a blast with it!", "[...] pirata? Pues podemos darle una gran alegría si le ayudamos y participamos en su construcción. En Red Ted Art’blog ofrecen la plantilla de las diferentes partes y nos cuentan cómo lo han [...]", "[...] of my favorite arts and crafts blog is Red Ted Art. She has a cardboard craft to make a pirate ship. Instructions include a template to cut out the pieces and turn ordinary cardboard [...]", "[...] had a look around the internet and settled on Red Ted Art‘s model and way of making a cardboard pirate ship. She even has a printable design you can use to cut your cardboard [...]", "[...] DIY Pirate Ship – Red Ted Art gives you the dimensions to cut out of cardboard to make your own pirate ship. [...]", "[...] you can take the humble cardboard box apart and make all sorts from Knight’s Shields, to toy Pirate Ships. Put all those ideas aside and check out this WONDERFUL cardboard box town from Play and grow. [...]", "[...] No pirate themed week is complete without a life size cardboard pirate ship, but in a pinch you can make this great (small) cardboard pirate boat from Red Ted Art. [...]", "[...] could make an incredibly fancy pirate boat ... Red Ted Art has instructions for a lovely toy sized one [...]", "[...] BRILLIANT Pirate Ship toy made from old boxes – we still play with ours 3yrs later, great for playmobil or other [...]", "[...] uma caixa de papelão em um navio pirata. Esse é para quem gosta mesmo de trabalhos manuais, mas o post original facilita porque lá tem um PDF com os moldes para baixar e [...]", "[...] Red Ted Art’s cardboard pirate ship is a little more tricky using paper mache paste and it needs painting. But the finished product looks pretty cute. [...]", "[...] Yo Ho! Yo Ho! A pirate’s life for me! Red Ted Art’s DIY Pirate Ship is made out of a shipping box. This would definitely inspire some pirate pretend [...]", "[...] love this DIY pirate ship, and I bet your preschoolers will, too! This is one you’ll have to make for your little ones, [...]", "[...] Spend the night creating with this fun Cardboard Pirate Ship activity! Pair this activity with the treasure hunt for even more fun! Red Ted [...]", "We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. These cookies feedback information to our analytics and advertisers. We track views of the site - which pages are visited, whether you are a regular or returning visitor to help generate a more personalised experience. You can switch cookies off or follow the READ MORE link for more and information on how to.OkRead more" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to make a Pirate Ship from cardboard - easy craft! - Red Ted Art\n\nRed Ted Art - Make crafting with kids easy & fun\n\nCute & Easy Crafts for Kids\n\n# How to make a Pirate Ship from cardboard – easy craft!\n\nMay 26, 2021\n\nWelcome back to this week’s How To – where I made a Cardboard DIY Pirate Ship\nfor the children! We do adore a little Pirate Craft here or there (a great\naddition to our special Crafts for Boys collection)!!! Red Ted was given a\nfabulous pirate ship with fabulous pirates for his . He wouldn’t let Pip\nSqueak play (as kids sometimes do, especially with new toy).\n\nSo I bought her some pirates (thinking the pirates were the problem). He then\nsaid “Mummy, can you make Pip Squeak a pirate ship too?”. This was about 4\nweeks ago.. and *finally* I found the time during the Easter holidays to Get\nCrafty for the kids. And this is our DIY Pirate Ship How To! Hope you like it!\n\nI love this Pirate Ship sent to us by Facebook Reader Andrea C ! Thank you for\nsharing your photo with us!\n\n#### This cardboard pirate ship how to was first shared in April 2012 and has\nbeen updated and republished for your convenience!\n\nUse our easy peasy guide to how to make paper mache from flour – inexpensive,\nenvironmentally friendly and quick!\n\n## DIY Pirate Ship How To – Materials:\n\n * Cardboard (I used a mid sized delivery box),\n * masking tape,\n * newspaper & paper mache paste (here is an easy homemade paper mache recipe),\n * scissors,\n * paint,\n * glue,\n * 2 sticks (for masts),\n * odds of fabric (I used some old suit fabric from The Englishman and white felt),\n * varnish\n\nSome of the materials are optional – e.g. you could use acrylic paints in\nwhich case you wouldn’t need varnish.. similarly you don’t HAVE to add a layer\nof paper mache, but I think it adds stability! See what you can find at home\nand amend our DIY Pirate Ship How to, to suite what you have at home!\n\nFor those who have asked.. we have these fantastic Pirate Toys – that my kids\nstill enjoy playing with over 6 years later. They are a bit pricey, but I\nwould say a fantastic COLLECTORS item.. and ahem, we have quite few now. Get\nthem here US/ UK (affiliate links)\n\nThe original Pirate Ship we have is this one: US/ UK\n\n## How to make a Pirate Ship from Cardboard\n\n1) Cut out your basic pirate ship shape. We had 5 parts: the bottom, the two\nsides, the back and a deck. I have included the dimension in a rough sketch\nfor you. Really – they are just approximations. Best to cut your two side\npanels and the back, tape it all together and then to cut your base and desk\nto fit your boat. I kept trimming off a little for a good fit! I based our\nship on Red Ted’s Toy.\n\n2) Cut port holes into your sides and back of your DIY Pirate Ship. I used\nsome nail scissors (that I have especially for crafting) – as they have a nice\nround curve. Tape your sides and back together.\n\n3) Having trimmed your bottom and deck, tape these in too. The deck is quite\nfragile and is the part that probably benefits the most from the paper mache.\n\n4) Cut out 12 cardboard discs – poke a hole through them. Make sure the stick\nfits snuggly. Then glue all the discs together with strong (!) glue and\nfinally glue in place on the boat. Add masking tape to secure it (picture\ndoesn’t show the tape, sorry!).\n\n5) Now to paper mache! We happened to have lots of white “packing paper” lying\naround, so I decided to use that. Of course ordinary newspaper is fine too.\nCheck our easy and low cost paper mache recipe. Cut your paper in lots of\nsmall-ish strips. Start adding layers of mache – especially over the “joints”.\nSecure all the masking tape – try to give extra hold to the deck. Yes it is\nfiddly, but if you can get a few layers of paper “under the deck” propping it\nup, then that will give it extra strength.\n\nI like to layer my paper in different directions – you know how when you tear\nnewspaper it one direction it tears really is easily, but not in the other?\nWell, I believe that if you criss cross your paper layers when paper maching,\nyou get a stronger final construction. I do this particularly in areas of\n“stress and weakness” – e.g. I layered extra round the circular discs.\n\n6) Let dry. Then paint. The children chose blue!\n\n7) Let dry again and add detail – I painted on some skull and cross bones and\nanchors. I first drew some on paper, cut them out and traced them on with\npencil.\n\n8) Let dry and varnish (I used Mod Podge, but any varnish will do)\n\n9) Make a sail: I used a rectangular ish piece of black suit fabric. Sewed the\nedges. Across the top, I left the seam “wider” so I could insert a stick. Near\nthe middle I snipped the fabric, threaded through some string and with that\ntied the sail to the mast! For the skull and cross bone I stuck on some white\nfelt.\n\nMaking pirate ships with cardboard\n\nDone. Enjoy! I am sure that with time, I will add a ladder and crows nest. But\nfor now, we are done! Hope you have making your own pirate ship!! Remember,\nthat the paper mache is “optional”... all about the longevity of your craft!\nWe want to keep ours for a long long time!\n\nPlay. Play. Play.\n\nEasy cardboard pirate ship!\n\nMore great PIRATE CRAFTS here!\n\nPrint\n\n## Pirate Ship\n\nHow to make a pirate ship from a cardboard box\n\n### Equipment\n\n * Cardboard\n\n * Masking Tape\n\n * Newspaper & paper mache paste (here is an easy homemade paper mache recipe) OPTIONAL!\n\n * Scissors\n\n * Paint\n\n * Glue\n\n * 2 sticks for the masts\n\n * Fabric for the flag\n\n### Instructions\n\n * Cut out your basic pirate ship shape. We had 5 parts: the bottom, the two sides, the back and a deck. I have included the dimension in a rough sketch for you. Really – they are just approximations. Best to cut your two side panels and the back, tape it all together and then to cut your base and desk to fit your boat. I kept trimming off a little for a good fit!\n\n * Cut port holes into your sides and back of your DIY Pirate Ship. I used some nail scissors (that I have especially for crafting) – as they have a nice round curve. Tape your sides and back together.\n\n * Having trimmed your bottom and deck, tape these in too. The deck is quite fragile and is the part that probably benefits the most from the paper mache.\n\n * Cut out 12 cardboard discs – poke a hole through them. Make sure the stick fits snuggly. Then glue all the discs together with strong (!) glue and finally glue in place on the boat. Add masking tape to secure it (picture doesn’t show the tape, sorry!).\n\n * Check our easy and low cost paper mache recipe. Cut your paper in lots of small-ish strips. Start adding layers of mache – especially over the “joints”. Secure all the masking tape – try to give extra hold to the deck. Yes it is fiddly, but if you can get a few layers of paper “under the deck” propping it up, then that will give it extra strength.\n\n * Let dry again and add detail – I painted on some skull and cross bones and anchors. I first drew some on paper, cut them out and traced them on with pencil.\n\n * Make a sail: I used a rectangular ish piece of black suit fabric. Sewed the edges. Across the top, I left the seam “wider” so I could insert a stick. Near the middle I snipped the fabric, threaded through some string and with that tied the sail to the mast! For the skull and cross bone I stuck on some white felt.\n\n### Notes\n\n«\n\nFiled Under: How To's, Kids Craft, paper mache, Recycling 76 Comments\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Anna @ The Imagination Tree says\n\nApril 27, 2012 at 9:14 am\n\nThat’s SO gorgeous Maggy! Your kids are so lucky to have you as their mum!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Red Ted Art says\n\nApril 27, 2012 at 9:39 am\n\nThank you Anna!!! You are too kind 🙂 but sure made for a “happy Pirate”\nhousehold”!!!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Tracy Dixon says\n\nApril 27, 2012 at 3:21 pm\n\nthat is so cool and I agree with Anna – your children are very lucky!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Red Ted Art says\n\nApril 27, 2012 at 4:20 pm\n\nThank you :-))))))\n\nReply\n\n 5. Fran (MultipleMumma) says\n\nApril 28, 2012 at 5:02 pm\n\nLand ahoy! This is absolutely fab, the pattern helps a lot; am absolutely\npants at free hand drawing. The little pirate people are very cute too 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nApril 28, 2012 at 5:10 pm\n\nHehehe I hope it does! Though I confess... I just trimmed a bit here and there\nto make it all fit!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Sian says\n\nApril 29, 2012 at 6:23 pm\n\nsooo cute – much better than a plastic one and a fraction of the price of a\nwooden one – fab idea!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Brittany says\n\nMay 1, 2012 at 4:44 am\n\nThis is pretty awesome! What a fun idea!\n\nReply\n\n 8. Emma @Mummymummymum says\n\nMay 1, 2012 at 12:09 pm\n\nThat is amazing Maggy!!\n\nReply\n\n 9. Taylor-Ann says\n\nMay 1, 2012 at 3:09 pm\n\nThis is adorable. Great for a pirate party my friend is having soon. I would\nlove if you shared it on my link party this week. http://www.kampenlane.com\n\nCan’t wait to see what you create next.\n\n~Taylor\n\nReply\n\n 10. lisa says\n\nMay 1, 2012 at 3:42 pm\n\nI’ve been dying to see this since the teaser (prior to covering in paper\nmache) and it is amazing! so good! I reckon it would be a really good piñata\nfor a birthday party if it was built a bit bigger with a weakened section –\nwhat do you think?\n\nReply\n\n 11. Red Ted Art says\n\nMay 1, 2012 at 3:48 pm\n\n@Lisa – it would make a BRILLIANT pinata... though I always feel bad breaking\npinatas!!! All that work 😉\n\nAnd @Tyalor Ann coming your way now!\n\nThank you for all your kind comments!!\n\nReply\n\n 12. inès says\n\nMay 3, 2012 at 6:58 am\n\nbravo a toi!! votre idée est super!! c’est fabuleux! j’ai découvert votre blog\nelle est super !! grace a vous ça m’inspire merci a toi!! et de votre\npartage!!\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nMay 3, 2012 at 7:29 am\n\nAaaah Merci Bien! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 13. Lenora says\n\nMay 4, 2012 at 4:27 pm\n\nturned out great! same process as a pinata..\n\nReply\n\n 14. Judy says\n\nMay 5, 2012 at 2:01 pm\n\nWhat a cute little pirate ship...my boys would have so much fun playing with\none like that! I love how the flag turned out 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 15. Julia hannam says\n\nMay 12, 2012 at 6:09 pm\n\nThis pirate boat is great, I have just made one from your instructions and\nit’s looking good, considering I am not very artistic, thank you very much 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nMay 12, 2012 at 6:31 pm\n\nOoh how fabulous! I am so pleased!! Would love to see a picture when you\nfinished?! You can post it on my FB wall http://www.facebook.com/redtedart\n\nReply\n\n 16. nicolette @ momnivore's dilemma says\n\nJuly 17, 2012 at 2:16 pm\n\nHi Maggy!\n\nAfter all the amazing things you’ve posted to Creative Juice Thursday over the\npast year, I just had to feature you {and much more in the future too} at the\nnew site. This tutorial is awesome, and is one of the few well-written\ncardboard tutorials on the net!\n\nI featured your post at our pirate crafts & activities round-up.\n\nAhoy! Nicolette The Classroom Creative\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nJuly 17, 2012 at 4:50 pm\n\nAaawwe thank you so much 🙂 Very much appreciated!\n\nReply\n\n 17. Amy says\n\nAugust 17, 2012 at 2:06 pm\n\nAdorable! I think my son and I might start on one today.\n\nWhere did you find the cute pirates? All I can find are scary...\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nAugust 23, 2012 at 8:36 pm\n\nOooh totally forgot to reply! They are called Arty Toy Pirates from Djeco (a\nFrench company I think?). e.g. http://www.tickety-\nboo.co.uk/acatalog/Arty_Toys_from_Djeco.html\n\nReply\n\n 18. Chris Hodson says\n\nSeptember 1, 2012 at 9:09 am\n\nHi Red Ted Art\n\nFantastic instructions for the pirate ship, it has helped me out so much with\nthe little ones school project she has enjoyed making it with me, thanks\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nSeptember 1, 2012 at 9:11 am\n\nAwe, how lovely, thank you so much for coming back and telling me!! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 19. bill says\n\nJanuary 2, 2013 at 7:46 pm\n\ndo you have to use those mesurements i mean is that what you used becuse i\nthink it is too big plus have you used card please reply quickly because it is\nmy homework\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nJanuary 2, 2013 at 7:48 pm\n\nNo you don’t those are the measurements I happened to use. The idea is that\nyou cut it down to fit whatever you have at home.\n\nReply\n\n 20. Carrie says\n\nJanuary 23, 2013 at 12:46 am\n\nJust wanted to let you know you inspired my ship. I linked back to you here:\nhttp://craftymomsshare.blogspot.com/2013/01/ahoy-matey-i-made-pirate-ship-and-\nsome.html. Thank you!!\n\nReply\n\n 21. Red Ted Art says\n\nJanuary 23, 2013 at 7:33 pm\n\nAwe, I LOVE IT!!!!\n\nReply\n\n 22. pollh says\n\nMarch 6, 2013 at 4:38 pm\n\nI teach a group of special needs students in the 6th and 7th grade. We are\nmaking these boats to go with the story we are reading. (Treasure Island) It\nhas also tied in nicely with our measurement unit in math. They were able to\ncut the cardboard with safety scissors! We are ready to paper mache. That\nshould be fun with 10 kids at the same time. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 23. Jenny @ The Brick Castle says\n\nApril 17, 2013 at 10:11 am\n\nThat is a brilliant pirate ship. I love that your rough diagram is the same as\nmy ‘spent 6 hours doing this’ 😀\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nApril 17, 2013 at 10:29 am\n\nHehehe yes, you just trim and adjust it as you go along.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Suzanne says\n\nAugust 7, 2013 at 2:09 pm\n\nYour brilliant instructions saved me when my son demanded we make a pirate\nship this holiday. Hope you don’t mind but I linked to your blog from mine\n\nReply\n\n 25. Art head and Paint brush legs says\n\nSeptember 5, 2013 at 11:50 pm\n\nWe used this as our model for our report and the teacher gave us an A+. Ur\nkids r super lucky. It makes up for our exams that we flunked. We love ur\nwork, Thank you, for our next report we are going to use some bit of art of\nurs. Thank you, so much!!! love ur work. Art Head and Paint Brush Legs 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 26. Marsha says\n\nOctober 8, 2013 at 5:03 pm\n\nLove It! Where did you get the pirates?\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nOctober 8, 2013 at 6:17 pm\n\nThey are called “Pirate Arty Toy by Djeco” – you need to google it to see what\nonline shops sell them in your country 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 27. Anna Gonzalez says\n\nOctober 23, 2013 at 8:41 pm\n\nHi Red Ted! I’m the children’s librarian at the Katherine Tyra Library and I\njust wanted to give you a heads up. Our Build It! program is using your Pirate\nship building specifications for our project this Thursday. We used your\npicture and credited your blog for the picture and the idea! Thanks for\nsharing your cool ideas with us. If you have any concern about the usage of\nyour picture in the blog please contact me. Thanks again.\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nOctober 24, 2013 at 9:01 am\n\nOh how wonderful Anna! I would simply LOVE to see photos of your finish\nfleet!!! Please do share!\n\nReply\n\n 28. Jackie says\n\nOctober 26, 2013 at 11:59 pm\n\nOh, I love it. You are one of the most creative people I know, Maggy!\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nOctober 27, 2013 at 8:35 am\n\nOh my! What a compliment! Thank you Jackie!\n\nReply\n\n 29. Aleksandar says\n\nMarch 8, 2014 at 5:20 am\n\nThis is a very beautiful pirate ship. Great idea. I’ll do it same for my kids\nclass. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nMarch 11, 2014 at 10:27 am\n\nWonderful, so pleased you like it! Enjoy!!\n\nReply\n\n 30. Paulina Holguin says\n\nMarch 28, 2014 at 2:06 am\n\nTHX so much! It really works out. My daughter is using it for her project. I\ndon’t know what I would do without you! Then again I agree with Anna, your\nkids are lucky to have such a mom as you. : )\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nMarch 28, 2014 at 9:21 am\n\nOh I am so pleased it worked out and you had a good crafting session! How\nwonderful!\n\nReply\n\n 31. Pinkoddy says\n\nFebruary 16, 2015 at 12:33 pm\n\nI love this so much – thank you for the pattern – we are going to make one\nthis week\n\nReply\n\n 32. Luke Jones says\n\nFebruary 11, 2017 at 2:39 am\n\nCan you play with it in the water?\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nFebruary 12, 2017 at 11:24 am\n\nYes!! Totally! The sail MAY get wet after a while, but you can just switch it\nout!\n\nReply\n\n 33. Half Pint Peeps says\n\nApril 16, 2018 at 3:29 pm\n\nWhat a super fun idea, it also looks super easy to make too! I really want to\ntry this! I know my kids will have a blast with it!\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nApril 16, 2018 at 7:05 pm\n\nSo pleased! Enjoy!\n\nReply\n\n 34. Anonymous says\n\nApril 18, 2018 at 10:09 am\n\nlove it\n\nReply\n\n * Red Ted Art says\n\nApril 18, 2018 at 10:30 am\n\nThank you 🙂\n\nReply\n\n### Trackbacks\n\n 1. Barco pirata de cartón « Madres y padres – Punto de encuentro says:\n\nJune 1, 2012 at 4:38 pm\n\n[...] pirata? Pues podemos darle una gran alegría si le ayudamos y\nparticipamos en su construcción. En Red Ted Art’blog ofrecen la plantilla de\nlas diferentes partes y nos cuentan cómo lo han [...]\n\nReply\n\n 2. Imaginary Play Week: Pirate Crafts & Activities says:\n\nJuly 17, 2012 at 6:02 am\n\n[...] How to Make A Pirate Boat via Red Ted Art [...]\n\nReply\n\n 3. DIY: 10 Bastelideen aus alten Kartons | babybirds says:\n\nJune 14, 2013 at 7:22 pm\n\n[...] 7. Piratenschiff Ahoi! [...]\n\nReply\n\n 4. Piratenschiff Bastel Idee : Red Ted Art Deutschland says:\n\nJuly 27, 2013 at 7:42 am\n\n[...] the original (and in English) Pirate Ship Craft on our parent website –\nRed Ted [...]\n\nReply\n\n 5. Summer Reading Non Fiction Program Giveaway says:\n\nJuly 29, 2013 at 12:06 pm\n\n[...] of my favorite arts and crafts blog is Red Ted Art. She has a cardboard\ncraft to make a pirate ship. Instructions include a template to cut out the\npieces and turn ordinary cardboard [...]\n\nReply\n\n 6. Gitarre Basteln mit Kindern : Red Ted Art Deutschland says:\n\nAugust 9, 2013 at 6:12 pm\n\n[...] the original (and in English) Pirate Ship Craft on our parent website –\nRed Ted [...]\n\nReply\n\n 7. ABC's of Cardboard Creations N-S - Here Come the Girls says:\n\nDecember 21, 2013 at 9:10 am\n\n[...] Pirate boat from Red Ted Art [...]\n\nReply\n\n 8. DIY carton pour les kids | says:\n\nFebruary 27, 2014 at 8:33 am\n\n[...] Un château / des fusées / un bateau de pirate [...]\n\nReply\n\n 9. 101 Free or Low Cost Things to Do with Your Kids says:\n\nApril 24, 2014 at 8:41 am\n\n[...] Make a cardboard pirate ship. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 10. DIY Pirate Ship says:\n\nApril 29, 2014 at 12:41 pm\n\n[...] had a look around the internet and settled on Red Ted Art‘s model and\nway of making a cardboard pirate ship. She even has a printable design you can\nuse to cut your cardboard [...]\n\nReply\n\n 11. Mommy Summer Camp Week 1 - Pirate Activities - Play 2 Learn with Sarah says:\n\nJune 4, 2014 at 10:05 am\n\n[...] DIY Pirate Ship – Red Ted Art gives you the dimensions to cut out of\ncardboard to make your own pirate ship. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 12. Imaginary Play Week: Pirate Crafts & Activities says:\n\nJune 5, 2014 at 8:18 pm\n\n[...] How to Make A Pirate Boat via Red Ted Art [...]\n\nReply\n\n 13. Cardboard Box Play City » Fun Crafts Kids says:\n\nJuly 18, 2014 at 12:43 pm\n\n[...] you can take the humble cardboard box apart and make all sorts from\nKnight’s Shields, to toy Pirate Ships. Put all those ideas aside and check out\nthis WONDERFUL cardboard box town from Play and grow. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 14. Pirate Activities for Talk Like a Pirate Day (or Anytime) | Amy Pessolano says:\n\nSeptember 19, 2014 at 1:57 pm\n\n[...] No pirate themed week is complete without a life size cardboard pirate\nship, but in a pinch you can make this great (small) cardboard pirate boat\nfrom Red Ted Art. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 15. Pirate Activities - CKD reset theme says:\n\nDecember 9, 2014 at 8:11 pm\n\n[...] could make an incredibly fancy pirate boat ... Red Ted Art has\ninstructions for a lovely toy sized one [...]\n\nReply\n\n 16. Box Play Activities with Kids - Melissa & Doug Blog says:\n\nFebruary 11, 2015 at 12:31 pm\n\n[...] Pirate Boat [...]\n\nReply\n\n 17. P is for Pirate - Dress Up Pirate Craft - Life At The ZooLife At The Zoo says:\n\nMarch 8, 2015 at 11:14 am\n\n[...] BRILLIANT Pirate Ship toy made from old boxes – we still play with ours\n3yrs later, great for playmobil or other [...]\n\nReply\n\n 18. 50 Ideas for your Cardboard Box - Powerful Mothering says:\n\nMay 9, 2016 at 2:41 pm\n\n[...] this adventurous pirate boat! Ahoy [...]\n\nReply\n\n 19. How to Throw the Ultimate Pirate Birthday Party - Frugal Mom Eh! says:\n\nJuly 25, 2017 at 11:53 am\n\n[...] How to Make a DIY Pirate Ship | RED TED Art [...]\n\nReply\n\n 20. 10 ideias criativas para brincar de pirata - TempoJunto says:\n\nAugust 25, 2017 at 12:19 pm\n\n[...] uma caixa de papelão em um navio pirata. Esse é para quem gosta mesmo de\ntrabalhos manuais, mas o post original facilita porque lá tem um PDF com os\nmoldes para baixar e [...]\n\nReply\n\n 21. Best Cardboard Pirate Ships - TheToyTime says:\n\nSeptember 8, 2017 at 6:49 am\n\n[...] Red Ted Art’s cardboard pirate ship is a little more tricky using paper\nmache paste and it needs painting. But the finished product looks pretty cute.\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n 22. Internet Round Up: Pirate Edition – Novel Effect's Shelf Talk says:\n\nOctober 13, 2017 at 11:05 pm\n\n[...] –Make Your Own Pirate Ship [...]\n\nReply\n\n 23. 50 Earth Day Crafts Using Recycled Materials says:\n\nApril 6, 2018 at 5:58 pm\n\n[...] Yo Ho! Yo Ho! A pirate’s life for me! Red Ted Art’s DIY Pirate Ship is\nmade out of a shipping box. This would definitely inspire some pirate pretend\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n 24. 5 Pirate Yoga Poses for Kids + 5 Pirate Books for Kids says:\n\nJuly 26, 2018 at 2:48 pm\n\n[...] How to make a DIY pirate ship, by Red Ted Art [...]\n\nReply\n\n 25. Our Favorite Simple Pirate Crafts for Kids of All Ages to Make says:\n\nSeptember 2, 2018 at 9:01 am\n\n[...] love this DIY pirate ship, and I bet your preschoolers will, too! This\nis one you’ll have to make for your little ones, [...]\n\nReply\n\n 26. Slumber Party Ideas for Boys - Fantabulosity says:\n\nFebruary 10, 2019 at 5:19 pm\n\n[...] Spend the night creating with this fun Cardboard Pirate Ship activity!\nPair this activity with the treasure hunt for even more fun! Red Ted [...]\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Welcome!\n\nHello! I am Maggy and I love all things crafty and sharing my craft ideas and\nhow tos.\n\nThe aim of this site is to provide easy, do-able and fun crafts for all ages.\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Archives\n\nCopyright © 2021 · Website Design By Jumping Jax Designs\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nThese cookies feedback information to our analytics and advertisers. We track\nviews of the site - which pages are visited, whether you are a regular or\nreturning visitor to help generate a more personalised experience. You can\nswitch cookies off or follow the READ MORE link for more and information on\nhow to.OkRead more\n\n" } ]
8,811,084
How To Check Your Visa Gift Card Balance
To check your Visa gift card balance, go to the Visa gift card website at mygift.giftcardmall.com. Once you’re on their website, scroll down and click the “Check balance” tab. Then, enter your gift card number, expiration date, and the 3-digit-code on the back. After you click “Submit,” you’ll see your gift card balance. Alternatively, call the free number on the back of your gift card. When your call connects, follow the prompts and enter your card details to hear your balance.
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.cvvnumber.com/cvv.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190827142951/https://www.cvvnumber.com/cvv.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "CVV Number", "passages": [ "Visa®, Mastercard®, and Discover® cardholders: Turn your card over and look at the signature box. You should see either the entire 16-digit credit card number or just the last four digits followed by a special 3-digit code. This 3-digit code is your CVV number / Card Security Code.", "American Express® cardholders: Look for the 4-digit code printed on the front of your card just above and to the right of your main credit card number. This 4-digit code is your Card Identification Number (CID). The CID is the four- digit code printed just above the Account Number." ] }, "parsed_md": "CVV Number\n\n### What is my CVV code?\n\nVisa®, Mastercard®, and Discover® cardholders: Turn your card over and look at\nthe signature box. You should see either the entire 16-digit credit card\nnumber or just the last four digits followed by a special 3-digit code. This\n3-digit code is your CVV number / Card Security Code.\n\nAmerican Express® cardholders: Look for the 4-digit code printed on the front\nof your card just above and to the right of your main credit card number. This\n4-digit code is your Card Identification Number (CID). The CID is the four-\ndigit code printed just above the Account Number.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://usa.visa.com/pay-with-visa/cards/card-finder/gift-finder-page.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180626021536/http://usa.visa.com/pay-with-visa/cards/card-finder/gift-finder-page.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Access Denied", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Access Denied\n\n# Access Denied\n\nYou don't have permission to access \"http://usa.visa.com/pay-with-\nvisa/cards/card-finder/gift-finder-page.html\" on this server.\n\nReference #18.b9c33d17.1529979337.4dc1e5d\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://mygift.giftcardmall.com/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190825003821/https://mygift.giftcardmall.com/", "parsed_text": { "title": "MyGift Visa Gift Card", "passages": [ "For Customer Service Inquiries please contact the number on the back of your card. If your card is lost or stolen, refer to the FAQs specific to your Visa Gift Card.", "When contacting us please provide your name, your card account number and the last four digits of your home phone number. Please help us help you by providing as much information as you can.", "Your Visa^® Gift Card is issued by either MetaBank^TM or Sunrise Banks, N.A., 200 University Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55103, Member FDIC, pursuant to a license from Visa U.S.A. Inc. Please see back of card for Issuer. Your card may be used in the United States everywhere Visa debit cards are accepted. The card may not be used at any merchant, including Internet and mail or telephone order merchants, outside of the U.S. or the District of Columbia. See Cardholder Agreement for complete details. Distributed and serviced by Blackhawk Network California, Inc.", "© 2016 Blackhawk Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks shown are property of their respective owners and used with permission." ] }, "parsed_md": "MyGift Visa Gift Card\n\n * Register Card\n * Check Balance/Transactions\n * Personalize PIN\n\nBuy another Gift Card\n\n## Select your card.\n\nHere's where you will find Frequently Asked Questions, the Cardholder\nAgreement.\n\n### Now select the card with same first 6-7 digits as yours.\n\n### Now select the card with same category as yours.\n\n## Contact Us\n\n### Call\n\nFor Customer Service Inquiries please contact the number on the back of your\ncard. If your card is lost or stolen, refer to the FAQs specific to your Visa\nGift Card.\n\n### Write\n\nBlackhawk Network ATTN: Customer Service 10615 Professional Circle Ste. 102\nReno, NV 89521\n\nWhen contacting us please provide your name, your card account number and the\nlast four digits of your home phone number. Please help us help you by\nproviding as much information as you can.\n\n## Issuing Statement\n\nYour Visa^® Gift Card is issued by either MetaBank^TM or Sunrise Banks, N.A.,\n200 University Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55103, Member FDIC, pursuant to a license\nfrom Visa U.S.A. Inc. Please see back of card for Issuer. Your card may be\nused in the United States everywhere Visa debit cards are accepted. The card\nmay not be used at any merchant, including Internet and mail or telephone\norder merchants, outside of the U.S. or the District of Columbia. See\nCardholder Agreement for complete details. Distributed and serviced by\nBlackhawk Network California, Inc.\n\n© 2016 Blackhawk Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks shown are\nproperty of their respective owners and used with permission.\n\nREGISTER YOUR CARD CHECK YOUR BALANCE PERSONALIZE PIN FREQUENTLY ASKED\nQUESTIONS CONTACT US PRIVACY POLICY\n\nCARDHOLDER AGREEMENT CONSUMER DISCLOSURE LOST & STOLEN DISPUTE TRANSACTIONS\n\n© Blackhawk Network\n\n" } ]
1,340,738
How To Treat Mono
To treat a case of mono at home, get plenty of rest for the first 2 weeks and sleep whenever you feel tired or fatigued. When you aren't asleep, make sure you're drinking at least 8 glasses of water every day in addition to other fluids. If you're having throat pain and body aches, take a pain reliever like acetaminophen, naproxen, or ibuprofen along with food. Avoid doing any high-impact activities, and remember to wash your hands and cover your mouth to prevent the spread of germs.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20171008181038/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/mononucleosis/symptoms-causes/dxc-20165844", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417055133/https://health.williams.edu/medical-diagnoses/general-health-concerns/getting-through-mononucleosis/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170926223329/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/mononucleosis/diagnosis-treatment/diagnosis/dxc-20165943", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211218190841/https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/features/does-gargling-wlth-salt-water-ease-a-sore-throat", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418133820/https://healthyhorns.utexas.edu/HT/HT_mononucleosis.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171001004447/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/mononucleosis/manage/ptc-20165933", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210717045558/https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/infectious-mononucleosis-a-to-z", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210907203112/https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about-mono.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210620205649/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/1215/p1472.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211211114217/https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-mononucleosis-causes", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507194606/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2004/1001/p1289.html" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/mononucleosis/symptoms-causes/dxc-20165844", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171008181038/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/mononucleosis/symptoms-causes/dxc-20165844", "parsed_text": { "title": "Symptoms and causes", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Mononucleosis - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://health.williams.edu/medical-diagnoses/general-health-concerns/getting-through-mononucleosis/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417055133/https://health.williams.edu/medical-diagnoses/general-health-concerns/getting-through-mononucleosis/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Getting Through Mononucleosis – Student Health and Wellness Services", "passages": [ "Mononucleosis (mono) is an infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Signs of mono include fever, sore throat, headaches, white patches on the back of your throat, swollen glands in your neck, feeling tired and not feeling hungry.", "The virus is found in saliva and mucus. It can be passed from one person to another through coughing, sneezing and kissing. Signs of mono usually develop four to seven weeks after you’re exposed to the virus. Generally, people only get mono once. It is most common in people 15 to 35 years old.", "Sometimes. The main serious concern with mono is that the spleen will enlarge and even rupture. Although a ruptured spleen is rare in people with mono, it’s wise to be aware of the signs and call the Health Center right away if you notice any of them:", "If you have a sore throat, gargle with salt water or suck on lozenges, hard candy or frozen desserts (popsicles are good)", "You may want to take acetaminophen or ibuprofen to relieve pain and fever. Aspirin should be avoided because it is associated with Reye’s syndrome in children and young adults. Reye’s is a serious illness that can lead to death.", "Antibiotics like penicillin are of no help in mono, because mono is a virus and antibiotics are used to treat infections caused by bacteria. Your clinician may give you an antibiotic if you have a bacterial infection in addition to having mono.", "The spring semester is underway. See our Covid-19 website for strict health and safety protocols for those who remain on campus. All Williams College buildings are closed to the public and visitors until further notice." ] }, "parsed_md": "Getting Through Mononucleosis – Student Health and Wellness Services\n\nSkip to main content\n\nuse tab and shift-tab to navigate once expanded\n\n### Main Williams Navigation\n\n### Main Featured Links\n\n### Main Social Nav\n\nStudent Health and Wellness Services\n\nWilliams » Student Health and Wellness Services » Medical Diagnoses » General\nHealth Concerns » Getting Through Mononucleosis\n\n# Getting Through Mononucleosis\n\n#### What is mononucleosis?\n\nMononucleosis (mono) is an infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Signs\nof mono include fever, sore throat, headaches, white patches on the back of\nyour throat, swollen glands in your neck, feeling tired and not feeling\nhungry.\n\n#### How is mononucleosis passes?\n\nThe virus is found in saliva and mucus. It can be passed from one person to\nanother through coughing, sneezing and kissing. Signs of mono usually develop\nfour to seven weeks after you’re exposed to the virus. Generally, people only\nget mono once. It is most common in people 15 to 35 years old.\n\n#### Does mononucleosis have any complications?\n\nSometimes. The main serious concern with mono is that the spleen will enlarge\nand even rupture. Although a ruptured spleen is rare in people with mono, it’s\nwise to be aware of the signs and call the Health Center right away if you\nnotice any of them:\n\n * pain in the upper left part of your abdomen\n * feeling lightheaded\n * feeling like your heart is beating hard and fast\n * bleeding more easily than usual\n * having trouble breathing\n\n#### Can mononucleosis be cured?\n\nNo, but mono will go away on its own. Symptoms usually last about four weeks.\n\n#### How is mononucleosis treated?\n\nThe main point of treatment is to relieve your symptoms. The following list\nincludes tips on treatment:\n\n * Rest\n * Drink plenty of fluids (alcohol NOT included)\n * If you have a sore throat, gargle with salt water or suck on lozenges, hard candy or frozen desserts (popsicles are good)\n * You may want to take acetaminophen or ibuprofen to relieve pain and fever. Aspirin should be avoided because it is associated with Reye’s syndrome in children and young adults. Reye’s is a serious illness that can lead to death.\n\n#### Do I need an antibiotic?\n\nAntibiotics like penicillin are of no help in mono, because mono is a virus\nand antibiotics are used to treat infections caused by bacteria. Your\nclinician may give you an antibiotic if you have a bacterial infection in\naddition to having mono.\n\n#### What about sports and exercise?\n\nAvoid sports activities or exercise of any kind until the clinician tells you\nit’s safe.\n\n#### Anything else?\n\nNO ALCOHOL!!! Because enlargement of the spleen and liver may occur with this\ndisease, alcohol should be avoided.\n\nThis information was made available by the American Academy of Family\nPhysicians.\n\nPrint this page\n\nStudent Health and Wellness Services MENU\n\n### Student Health and Wellness Services\n\n### Covid-19 Information\n\nThe spring semester is underway. See our Covid-19 website for strict health\nand safety protocols for those who remain on campus. All Williams College\nbuildings are closed to the public and visitors until further notice.\n\n### More Resources\n\nMENU\n\n### More Resources\n\nStudent Health and Wellness Services\n\nThompson Health Center 105 The Knolls Williamstown, MA 01267 USA\n\nStudent Health and Wellness Services Phone Number 413.597.2206\n\nBack to top Privacy Policy Comment Form Log In\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/mononucleosis/diagnosis-treatment/diagnosis/dxc-20165943", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170926223329/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/mononucleosis/diagnosis-treatment/diagnosis/dxc-20165943", "parsed_text": { "title": "Mononucleosis", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Mononucleosis - Diagnosis - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/features/does-gargling-wlth-salt-water-ease-a-sore-throat", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211218190841/https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/features/does-gargling-wlth-salt-water-ease-a-sore-throat", "parsed_text": { "title": "Does Gargling Wlth Salt Water Ease a Sore Throat?", "passages": [ "When your throat turns to sandpaper and every bit of food and liquid that goes down your gullet feels like it’s a bill trying to pass the Senate, unlike a politician you become more than eager to try to find a way to move things forward.", "A sore throat is a miserable thing to deal with. You don’t realize how many times you swallow during the day until every swallow becomes a painful undertaking.", "Mothers and grandmothers the world over hold the belief that gargling with warm salt water is a surefire way to soothe a sore throat. But does it actually work? Is there any scientific merit to it?", "We spoke with Sorana Segal-Maurer, MD, chief of the Dr. James J. Rahal Jr. Division of Infectious Disease at New York Hospital Queens, andBrian P. Currie, MD, MPH, vice president and senior medical director of NYC's Montefiore Medical Center, to get the scoop on this old-school sore-throat home remedy.", "“Ew, gross! Mom, I’m not gonna gargle with that!” There’s nothing appealing about swishing warm, salty water around in your mouth. Kids know this. Still, they take their moms at their word and carry on with the tradition.", "Where did mom get this remedy? Probably from grandma. Where did grams get it? Probably from her mom. And so on. Gargling with warm salt water “likely came about before over-the-counter medications became the norm,” says Currie.", "As it turns out, mom was right about this one: Gargling with warm salt water actually does provide symptomatic relief -- and it has preventative benefits, too.", "Says Segal-Maurer, \"You’re creating a high-salt barrier and you’re pulling out a lot of fluids from the tissues in the throat area, so you’re washing the virus out. The salt functions as a magnet for water. It’s good for symptomatic relief. And you end up swallowing some of it, so it’s sort of helping you with dehydration as well.” (To clarify: The swallowing bit is incidental -- it just tends to happens when gargling. You’re not meant to actually drink the warm salt water.)", "Gargling with warm salt water won't magically fix your sore throat, however. \"It’s certainly not going to cure a viral infection,\" says Segal-Maurer. \"It’s not enough [salt] to have an antiviral effect.”", "Give it a try, though, if you want to feel a bit better. There are plenty of different salt-water-gargle recipes out there but a saltwater gargle — 1/4 to 1/2 teaspoon salt dissolved in an 8-ounce glass of warm water — can temporarily relieve a sore or scratchy throat.", "In addition to soothing a sore throat, gargling with warm salt water helps relieve toothache symptoms as well. And minus the salt, regular gargling of plain water may help prevent upper respiratory tract infections, according to research. We find that advice easy to swallow." ] }, "parsed_md": "Does Gargling Wlth Salt Water Ease a Sore Throat?\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Menu\n\n### Sore Throat Home\n\n * Medical Reference\n * Features\n * Slideshows & Images\n * Quizzes\n * Symptom Checker\n * News Archive\n\n### Cold, Flu, & Cough Home\n\n * Cold\n * Flu\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * Medications\n * Find a Doctor\n * Cold & Flu Map\n\n### Related to Cold, Flu, & Cough\n\n * Allergies\n * Bronchitis\n * Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n * Ear Infection\n * Flu Vaccine\n * Sinus Infection\n * Strep Throat\n * Drug Interaction Checker\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Cold, Flu, & Cough\n * Feature Stories\n\n### Menu\n\n# Does Gargling With Salt Water Ease a Sore Throat?\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nBy Chris C. Anderson\n\nWhen your throat turns to sandpaper and every bit of food and liquid that goes\ndown your gullet feels like it’s a bill trying to pass the Senate, unlike a\npolitician you become more than eager to try to find a way to move things\nforward.\n\nA sore throat is a miserable thing to deal with. You don’t realize how many\ntimes you swallow during the day until every swallow becomes a painful\nundertaking.\n\nMothers and grandmothers the world over hold the belief that gargling with\nwarm salt water is a surefire way to soothe a sore throat. But does it\nactually work? Is there any scientific merit to it?\n\nWe spoke with Sorana Segal-Maurer, MD, chief of the Dr. James J. Rahal Jr.\nDivision of Infectious Disease at New York Hospital Queens, andBrian P.\nCurrie, MD, MPH, vice president and senior medical director of NYC's\nMontefiore Medical Center, to get the scoop on this old-school sore-throat\nhome remedy.\n\n### The Rumor: Gargling with warm salt water can ease a sore throat\n\n“Ew, gross! Mom, I’m not gonna gargle with that!” There’s nothing appealing\nabout swishing warm, salty water around in your mouth. Kids know this. Still,\nthey take their moms at their word and carry on with the tradition.\n\nWhere did mom get this remedy? Probably from grandma. Where did grams get it?\nProbably from her mom. And so on. Gargling with warm salt water “likely came\nabout before over-the-counter medications became the norm,” says Currie.\n\nFair enough. But does it really work?\n\n### The Verdict: Yes, gargling with warm salt water really will soothe a sore\nthroat\n\nAs it turns out, mom was right about this one: Gargling with warm salt water\nactually does provide symptomatic relief -- and it has preventative benefits,\ntoo.\n\nSays Segal-Maurer, \"You’re creating a high-salt barrier and you’re pulling out\na lot of fluids from the tissues in the throat area, so you’re washing the\nvirus out. The salt functions as a magnet for water. It’s good for symptomatic\nrelief. And you end up swallowing some of it, so it’s sort of helping you with\ndehydration as well.” (To clarify: The swallowing bit is incidental -- it just\ntends to happens when gargling. You’re not meant to actually drink the warm\nsalt water.)\n\nGargling with warm salt water won't magically fix your sore throat, however.\n\"It’s certainly not going to cure a viral infection,\" says Segal-Maurer. \"It’s\nnot enough [salt] to have an antiviral effect.”\n\nGive it a try, though, if you want to feel a bit better. There are plenty of\ndifferent salt-water-gargle recipes out there but a saltwater gargle — 1/4 to\n1/2 teaspoon salt dissolved in an 8-ounce glass of warm water — can\ntemporarily relieve a sore or scratchy throat.\n\nIn addition to soothing a sore throat, gargling with warm salt water helps\nrelieve toothache symptoms as well. And minus the salt, regular gargling of\nplain water may help prevent upper respiratory tract infections, according to\nresearch. We find that advice easy to swallow.\n\n#### Show Sources\n\n© Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. View privacy policy and trust info\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * 10 Foods to Eat When You Have the Flu\n * Personalized Treatments for Your Cold Symptoms\n * Tips to Survive Cold & Flu Season\n * Flu Shot and Side Effects\n * 15 Immune-Boosting Superfoods\n * [vid_icon]Myths & Facts About Colds\n\n### further reading\n\n * Anatomy of a Sore Throat\n * Pictures of Cold & Flu Symptoms, Treatments\n * Get to the Bottom of Your Sore Throat\n * Does Gargling Wlth Salt Water Ease a Sore Throat?\n * Understanding Sore Throat Prevention\n * Understanding Sore Throat Symptoms\n * Understanding Sore Throat Treatment\n * Sore Throat Topics\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n#### Natural Cold & Flu Remedies\n\n15 tips to help you feel better.\n\n#### The Truth About the Common Cold\n\nDo echinacea and vitamin C really help a cold?\n\n#### Calm a Nighttime Cough\n\nGet a good night’s rest with these remedies.\n\n#### 15 Immune-Boosting Foods\n\nEat these to fight colds, flu, and more.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Can Fevers Be Good for You? Facts About Body Temperature\n\nArticle\n\n#### Best Ways to Avoid Colds and Flu\n\nArticle\n\n#### Is It a Cold or a Sinus Infection?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Germy Things You Touch Every Day\n\nArticle\n\n#### How Exactly Do You Catch a Cold or the Flu?\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Superbugs: Fact vs. Fiction\n\nArticle\n\n#### 6 Things Crashing Your Immune System\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Anatomy of a Sore Throat\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Tips to Survive Cold & Flu\n * Do Antibiotics Cure Colds?\n * Calm Your Cough at Night\n * 15 Immune-Boosting Foods\n * Inside an Ear Infection\n * Scratchy Throat: Is It Strep?\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect?\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Benefits of CBD\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Health Benefits of Hemp Seed Oil\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * 5 Health Benefits of Hemp\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2021 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://healthyhorns.utexas.edu/HT/HT_mononucleosis.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418133820/https://healthyhorns.utexas.edu/HT/HT_mononucleosis.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "UHS Health Topic", "passages": [ "Mononucleosis (also called mono) is a viral infection that frequently affects young people. It is a common infection and often causes minimal symptoms, especially when children have it. However, in adolescents and young adults, it often causes more intense symptoms and missed school.", "The virus that causes infectious mono is called EBV (Epstein-Barr virus). It is spread mainly through saliva, which is why it has the nickname \"kissing disease.\" EBV is a common virus that stays dormant in the body, occasionally becoming active but causing no notable symptoms. When the virus is active, it can be spread to others. Therefore it is possible, though rare, to get mono from someone who is not obviously sick.", "After the virus enters the body, it can take up to a month before symptoms begin. The first symptoms usually include fatigue, fever, headache, and muscle aches. Many people have extreme fatigue and sleep 12 to 16 hours a day before they have any other symptoms. After just a few days of fever and aches, the throat becomes sore and the lymph nodes (glands) in the neck get bigger.", "Other common symptoms are loss of appetite, nausea, joint aches, rash, and a vague sense of fullness or abdominal pain.", "Your health care provider will ask about your symptoms and then examine you. He or she will look for fever; a red throat with enlarged tonsils, sometimes covered with pus; and enlarged lymph nodes. You may also have a red rash, especially on the chest, and an enlarged spleen (located in the upper left abdomen).", "A blood sample will be taken to test for mono. The first blood test might be negative, but a complete blood count can show that a mono infection might be developing. Your provider may ask you to return in a few days for another blood test. If you have mono, the second test may be positive.", "The most important thing you can do is to get plenty of rest. Take acetaminophen for the fever and sore throat.", "If your symptoms seem to be worsening rather than gradually improving after one or two weeks, tell your health care provider. You could develop strep throat, a sinus infection, or another secondary infection that needs to be treated with antibiotics.", "Sometimes the mono infection causes the tonsils to swell so much that they nearly block the throat. Steroids may be prescribed to try to decrease the size of the tonsils.", "The virus may inflame your liver, so it is important not to drink alcohol when you have mono. Alcohol could further injure your liver.", "An enlarged spleen might rupture should it be hit or strained. A rupture of the spleen causes severe bleeding and is a medical emergency. For this reason, you should avoid heavy lifting and any kind of jarring activity or contact sport while recovering from mono. Your activities will need to be restricted until your spleen returns to a normal size. Otherwise, you will gradually be able to return to school, work, and sports.", "Symptoms may get worse for two or three weeks after they first appear. Usually the fever, sore throat, and extreme fatigue last about one to two weeks. It can take several weeks, and in some cases several months, for the body's immune system to overcome the virus. You may continue to be contagious for many months after you recover from the infection.", "After you recover from mono, the Epstein-Barr virus stays dormant in the body. It may become active occasionally throughout your life without causing any symptoms. When the virus is active, it can be spread to others. That is why people who have had mono can be contagious even when they feel well.", "The best way to prevent others from getting mono is for them to avoid contact with your saliva. They can do this, for example, by avoiding kissing you and by not sharing food or eating and drinking containers and utensils.", "Developed by RelayHealth. Published by RelayHealth. This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information is intended to inform and educate and is not a replacement for medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional. © 2018 RelayHealth and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.", "Home Medical emergencies Appointments Service extension fee Diversity statement STI Testing Sexual assault forensic exams Tour UHS Eligibility to use UHS Medical withdrawal & course load reductions Medical and Immunization record requests Patient rights and responsibilities Campus concealed carry Hours Parking Jobs Volunteering You Share, We Care", "University Health Services is committed to providing high-quality care to patients of all ages, races, ethnicities, physical abilities or attributes, religions, sexual orientations or gender identities/expression.", "University Health Services is committed to providing high-quality care to patients of all ages, races, ethnicities, physical abilities or attributes, religions, sexual orientations, or gender identities/expression.", "Home Medical emergencies Appointments Service extension fee Diversity statement Get yourself tested Sexual assault exams Tour UHS Eligibility to use UHS Medical withdrawal & course load reductions Medical and immunization record requests Patient rights and responsibilities Campus concealed carry Hours Parking Jobs Volunteering You Share, We Care" ] }, "parsed_md": "UHS Health Topic - Mononucleosis\n\nUT University Health Services\n\n# Mononucleosis\n\nMononucleosis (also called mono) is a viral infection that frequently affects\nyoung people. It is a common infection and often causes minimal symptoms,\nespecially when children have it. However, in adolescents and young adults, it\noften causes more intense symptoms and missed school.\n\n## Cause\n\nThe virus that causes infectious mono is called EBV (Epstein-Barr virus). It\nis spread mainly through saliva, which is why it has the nickname \"kissing\ndisease.\" EBV is a common virus that stays dormant in the body, occasionally\nbecoming active but causing no notable symptoms. When the virus is active, it\ncan be spread to others. Therefore it is possible, though rare, to get mono\nfrom someone who is not obviously sick.\n\n## Symptoms\n\nAfter the virus enters the body, it can take up to a month before symptoms\nbegin. The first symptoms usually include fatigue, fever, headache, and muscle\naches. Many people have extreme fatigue and sleep 12 to 16 hours a day before\nthey have any other symptoms. After just a few days of fever and aches, the\nthroat becomes sore and the lymph nodes (glands) in the neck get bigger.\n\nOther common symptoms are loss of appetite, nausea, joint aches, rash, and a\nvague sense of fullness or abdominal pain.\n\n## Diagnosis\n\nYour health care provider will ask about your symptoms and then examine you.\nHe or she will look for fever; a red throat with enlarged tonsils, sometimes\ncovered with pus; and enlarged lymph nodes. You may also have a red rash,\nespecially on the chest, and an enlarged spleen (located in the upper left\nabdomen).\n\nA blood sample will be taken to test for mono. The first blood test might be\nnegative, but a complete blood count can show that a mono infection might be\ndeveloping. Your provider may ask you to return in a few days for another\nblood test. If you have mono, the second test may be positive.\n\n## Treatment\n\nThere is no specific drug treatment for mono. Because it is a viral illness,\nantibiotics are not helpful.\n\nThe most important thing you can do is to get plenty of rest. Take\nacetaminophen for the fever and sore throat.\n\nIf your symptoms seem to be worsening rather than gradually improving after\none or two weeks, tell your health care provider. You could develop strep\nthroat, a sinus infection, or another secondary infection that needs to be\ntreated with antibiotics.\n\nSometimes the mono infection causes the tonsils to swell so much that they\nnearly block the throat. Steroids may be prescribed to try to decrease the\nsize of the tonsils.\n\nThe virus may inflame your liver, so it is important not to drink alcohol when\nyou have mono. Alcohol could further injure your liver.\n\nAn enlarged spleen might rupture should it be hit or strained. A rupture of\nthe spleen causes severe bleeding and is a medical emergency. For this reason,\nyou should avoid heavy lifting and any kind of jarring activity or contact\nsport while recovering from mono. Your activities will need to be restricted\nuntil your spleen returns to a normal size. Otherwise, you will gradually be\nable to return to school, work, and sports.\n\n## Recovery Time\n\nSymptoms may get worse for two or three weeks after they first appear. Usually\nthe fever, sore throat, and extreme fatigue last about one to two weeks. It\ncan take several weeks, and in some cases several months, for the body's\nimmune system to overcome the virus. You may continue to be contagious for\nmany months after you recover from the infection.\n\nAfter you recover from mono, the Epstein-Barr virus stays dormant in the body.\nIt may become active occasionally throughout your life without causing any\nsymptoms. When the virus is active, it can be spread to others. That is why\npeople who have had mono can be contagious even when they feel well.\n\n## Prevention\n\nThe best way to prevent others from getting mono is for them to avoid contact\nwith your saliva. They can do this, for example, by avoiding kissing you and\nby not sharing food or eating and drinking containers and utensils.\n\nDeveloped by RelayHealth. Published by RelayHealth. This content is reviewed\nperiodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes\navailable. The information is intended to inform and educate and is not a\nreplacement for medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a\nhealthcare professional. © 2018 RelayHealth and/or its affiliates. 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It is commonly called mononucleosis, or \"mono.\" Mononucleosis is most often caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. In some cases, it is caused by other viruses.", "Mononucleosis has been nicknamed the \"kissing disease.\" This is because Epstein-Barr virus commonly is transmitted during kissing. However, sneezes and coughs also can transmit the virus.", "As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician." ] }, "parsed_md": "Infectious Mononucleosis - Harvard Health\n\nHarvard Health Publishing\n\n## Recent Blog Articles\n\nHope: Why it matters\n\nWill new guidelines for heart failure affect you?\n\nWant probiotics but dislike yogurt? Try these foods\n\nIs our healthcare system broken?\n\nWhat’s the relationship between diabetes and dementia?\n\nA new treatment for advanced prostate cancer improves survival in phase 3...\n\nPreventing sudden heart death in children: 4 questions can help\n\nBand together for stronger legs\n\nSupporting a bullied child\n\nHarvard Health Ad Watch: How helpful are pulse monitors and home ECGs?\n\n# Infectious Mononucleosis\n\nDecember 10, 2018\n\n## What Is It?\n\nInfectious mononucleosis is an illness caused by a viral infection. It is\ncommonly called mononucleosis, or \"mono.\" Mononucleosis is most often caused\nby the Epstein-Barr virus. In some cases, it is caused by other viruses.\n\nMononucleosis has been nicknamed the \"kissing disease.\" This is because\nEpstein-Barr virus commonly is transmitted during kissing. However, sneezes\nand coughs also can transmit the virus.\n\nTo continue reading this article, you must log in.\n\nSubscribe to Harvard Health Online for immediate access to health news and\ninformation from Harvard Medical School.\n\n * Research health conditions\n * Check your symptoms\n * Prepare for a doctor's visit or test\n * Find the best treatments and procedures for you\n * Explore options for better nutrition and exercise\n\nLearn more about the many benefits and features of joining Harvard Health\nOnline »\n\nI'd like to receive access to Harvard Health Online for only $4.99 a month.\n\nSign Me Up\n\nAlready a member? Login ».\n\nShare This Page Share this page to Facebook Share this page to Twitter Share\nthis page via Email\n\nPrint This Page\n\n## Disclaimer:\n\nAs a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our\nlibrary of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on\nall articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used\nas a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified\nclinician.\n\n## Footer\n\nHarvard Health Publishing\n\nFacebook Twitter Linkedin YouTube\n\n### My Account\n\n * Customer Service\n * Log in\n\n### Order Now\n\n * Online Learning Courses\n * Digital Subscriptions\n * Special Health Reports\n * Print Subscriptions\n\n### More\n\n * About Us\n * Permissions\n * Licensing\n * Topics\n\n© 2021 by The President and Fellows of Harvard College\n\nDo not sell my personal information | Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about-mono.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210907203112/https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about-mono.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "About Mono (Infectious Mononucleosis)", "passages": [ "Infectious mononucleosis, also called “mono,” is a contagious disease. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the most common cause of infectious mononucleosis, but other viruses can also cause this disease. It is common among teenagers and young adults, especially college students. At least one out of four teenagers and young adults who get infected with EBV will develop infectious mononucleosis.", "Typical symptoms of infectious mononucleosis usually appear four to six weeks after you get infected with EBV. Symptoms may develop slowly and may not all occur at the same time.", "Enlarged spleen and a swollen liver are less common symptoms. For some people, their liver or spleen or both may remain enlarged even after their fatigue ends.", "Most people get better in two to four weeks; however, some people may feel fatigued for several more weeks. Occasionally, the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis can last for six months or longer.", "EBV is the most common cause of infectious mononucleosis, but other viruses can cause this disease. Typically, these viruses spread most commonly through bodily fluids, especially saliva. However, these viruses can also spread through blood and semen during sexual contact, blood transfusions, and organ transplantations.", "There is no vaccine to protect against infectious mononucleosis. You can help protect yourself by not kissing or sharing drinks, food, or personal items, like toothbrushes, with people who have infectious mononucleosis.", "If you have infectious mononucleosis, you should not take penicillin antibiotics like ampicillin or amoxicillin. Based on the severity of the symptoms, a healthcare provider may recommend treatment of specific organ systems affected by infectious mononucleosis.", "Because your spleen may become enlarged as a result of infectious mononucleosis, you should avoid contact sports until you fully recover. Participating in contact sports can be strenuous and may cause the spleen to rupture.", "Laboratory tests are not usually needed to diagnose infectious mononucleosis. However, specific laboratory tests may be needed to identify the cause of illness in people who do not have a typical case of infectious mononucleosis.", "Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website." ] }, "parsed_md": "About Mono (Infectious Mononucleosis) | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People\n\nEpstein-Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis\n\n# About Infectious Mononucleosis\n\nEspañol (Spanish)\n\nRelated Pages\n\nOn This Page\n\n * Symptoms\n * Transmission\n * Prevention & Treatment\n * Diagnosing Infectious Mononucleosis\n\nInfectious mononucleosis, also called “mono,” is a contagious disease.\nEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the most common cause of infectious mononucleosis,\nbut other viruses can also cause this disease. It is common among teenagers\nand young adults, especially college students. At least one out of four\nteenagers and young adults who get infected with EBV will develop infectious\nmononucleosis.\n\n## Symptoms\n\nTypical symptoms of infectious mononucleosis usually appear four to six weeks\nafter you get infected with EBV. Symptoms may develop slowly and may not all\noccur at the same time.\n\nThese symptoms include:\n\n * extreme fatigue\n * fever\n * sore throat\n * head and body aches\n * swollen lymph nodes in the neck and armpits\n * swollen liver or spleen or both\n * rash\n\nEnlarged spleen and a swollen liver are less common symptoms. For some people,\ntheir liver or spleen or both may remain enlarged even after their fatigue\nends.\n\nMost people get better in two to four weeks; however, some people may feel\nfatigued for several more weeks. Occasionally, the symptoms of infectious\nmononucleosis can last for six months or longer.\n\n## Transmission\n\nEBV is the most common cause of infectious mononucleosis, but other viruses\ncan cause this disease. Typically, these viruses spread most commonly through\nbodily fluids, especially saliva. However, these viruses can also spread\nthrough blood and semen during sexual contact, blood transfusions, and organ\ntransplantations.\n\nOther infections that can cause infectious mononucleosis:\n\n * Cytomegalovirus (CMV)\n * Toxoplasmosis\n * HIV\n * Rubella\n * Hepatitis A, B, or C\n * Adenovirus\n\n## Prevention & Treatment\n\nThere is no vaccine to protect against infectious mononucleosis. You can help\nprotect yourself by not kissing or sharing drinks, food, or personal items,\nlike toothbrushes, with people who have infectious mononucleosis.\n\nYou can help relieve symptoms of infectious mononucleosis by—\n\n * drinking fluids to stay hydrated\n * getting plenty of rest\n * taking over-the-counter medications for pain and fever\n\nIf you have infectious mononucleosis, you should not take penicillin\nantibiotics like ampicillin or amoxicillin. Based on the severity of the\nsymptoms, a healthcare provider may recommend treatment of specific organ\nsystems affected by infectious mononucleosis.\n\nBecause your spleen may become enlarged as a result of infectious\nmononucleosis, you should avoid contact sports until you fully recover.\nParticipating in contact sports can be strenuous and may cause the spleen to\nrupture.\n\n## Diagnosing Infectious Mononucleosis\n\nHealthcare providers typically diagnose infectious mononucleosis based on\nsymptoms.\n\nLaboratory tests are not usually needed to diagnose infectious mononucleosis.\nHowever, specific laboratory tests may be needed to identify the cause of\nillness in people who do not have a typical case of infectious mononucleosis.\n\nThe blood work of patients who have infectious mononucleosis due to EBV\ninfection may show—\n\n * more white blood cells (lymphocytes) than normal\n * unusual looking white blood cells (atypical lymphocytes)\n * fewer than normal neutrophils or platelets\n * abnormal liver function\n\nTop of Page\n\nRelated Pages\n\n * Laboratory Testing for EBV*\n * Infectious Mononucleosis, NIH*external icon\n\nPage last reviewed: September 28, 2020\n\nContent source: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases\n\nHAVE QUESTIONS?\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * CDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n * Español\n * 繁體中文\n * Tiếng Việt\n * 한국어\n * Tagalog\n * Русский\n * العربية\n * Kreyòl Ayisyen\n * Français\n * Polski\n * Português\n * Italiano\n * Deutsch\n * 日本語\n * فارسی\n * English\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/1215/p1472.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210620205649/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/1215/p1472.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Aspirin Use in Children for Fever or Viral Syndromes", "passages": [ "ANTHONY I. BEUTLER, MAJ, USAF, MC; GREGORY T. CHESNUT, ENS, MC, USN; and JOHN C. MATTINGLY, ENS, MC, USN, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland", "Aspirin should not be used to treat acute febrile viral illness in children. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C, based on case-control studies). Although no causal link has been proven, data from case-control and historic cohort studies demonstrate an association between aspirin use and Reye syndrome. The risk of Reye syndrome decreases with age, becoming extremely rare by the late teenage years. Other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are effective antipyretics and are not associated with the constellation of symptoms seen in Reye syndrome, which includes nausea, vomiting, headache, excitability, delirium, combativeness, and coma. Aspirin use in children younger than 19 years should be limited to diseases in which aspirin has a proven benefit, such as Kawasaki disease and the juvenile arthritides. (SOR: C, based on expert opinion).", "The primary concern associated with aspirin use in the treatment of fever in children is Reye syndrome. First described in 1963, Reye syndrome is an acute, noninflammatory encephalopathy and hepatotoxicity that follows an acute viral illness. Although it is associated with salicylate treatment in case-control and historic cohort studies, accurate diagnosis of Reye syndrome is difficult.1–3 From 1980 to 2000, approximately 25 percent of initial Reye syndrome diagnoses were subsequently changed.4,5", "Aspirin's role in the pathogenesis of Reye syndrome is unclear, and some believe the syndrome is caused by a viral infection.2,6 However, case-control studies and other historic data associate use of salicylates during febrile viral infections to the development of Reye syndrome in children.7–9 A comprehensive review of studies linking aspirin to Reye syndrome concludes that the methodology of many early studies was flawed, but later cohort studies linking Reye syndrome to aspirin employed methodologies that addressed those criticisms.4", "The absolute risk of aspirin treatment is unknown and difficult to calculate precisely. Peak incidence of Reye syndrome in the United States occurred in 1980, when 555 cases were reported. Since peaking in 1980, the incidence of Reye syndrome has dropped to less than two cases per year.2 This dramatic decline coincides with increasing reports linking aspirin to Reye syndrome. In 1986 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) required that aspirin labels state that children and teenagers should not use the product.1 Today, Reye syndrome is rare. Recent estimates indicate 0.2 to 1.1 cases per 1 million children younger than 18 years.3", "No study indicates the lowest “safe” age for salicylate use during viral infections. Epidemiologic data show that only 8 percent of Reye syndrome cases occur in children 15 to 17 years of age; the syndrome is extremely rare in patients older than 18 years. Figure 1 summarizes the age-related prevalence data.3,10", "The National Reye's Syndrome Foundation, the U.S. Surgeon General, the FDA, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend that aspirin and combination products containing aspirin not be taken by anyone younger than 19 years during fever-causing illnesses.11 The British Medicines and Health-care products Regulatory Agency recommends that aspirin labels state that aspirin is not for use in children younger than 16 years unless recommended by a physician.12", "1. Prior MJ, Nelson EB, Temple AR. Pediatric ibuprofen use increases while incidence of Reye's syndrome continues to decline. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2000;39(4):245–247....", "2. Belay ED, Bresee JS, Holman RC, Khan AS, Shahriari A, Schonberger LB. Reye's syndrome in the United States from 1981 through 1997. N Engl J Med. 1999;340(18):1377–1382.", "3. Sullivan KM, Belay ED, Durbin RE, Foster DA, Nordenberg DF. Epidemiology of Reye's syndrome, United States, 1991–1994: comparison of CDC surveillance and hospital admission data. Neuroepidemiology. 2000;19(6):338–344.", "6. Orlowski JP, Hanhan UA, Fiallos MR. Is aspirin a cause of Reye's syndrome? A case against. Drug Saf. 2002;25(4):225–231.", "7. Forsyth BW, Horwitz RI, Acampora D, et al. New epidemiologic evidence confirming that bias does not explain the aspirin/Reye's syndrome association. JAMA. 1989;261(17):2517–2524.", "9. Hurwitz ES, Barrett MJ, Bregman D, et al. Public Health Service study of Reye's syndrome and medications. Report of the main study [published correction appears in JAMA. 1987;257(24):3366]. JAMA. 1987;257(14):1905–1911.", "10. Peters LJ, Wiener GJ, Gilliam J, Van Noord G, Geisinger KR, Roach ES. Reye's syndrome in adults. A case report and review of the literature. Arch Intern Med. 1986;146(12):2401–2403.", "Clinical Inquiries provides answers to questions submitted by practicing family physicians to the Family Physicians Inquiries Network (FPIN). Members of the network select questions based on their relevance to family medicine. Answers are drawn from an approved set of evidence-based resources and undergo peer review. The strength of recommendations and the level of evidence for individual studies are rated using criteria developed by the Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group (http://www.cebm.net/levels_of_evidence.asp).", "The complete database of evidence-based questions and answers is copyrighted by FPIN. If interested in submitting questions or writing answers for this series, go to http://www.fpin.org or e-mail: questions@fpin.org." ] }, "parsed_md": "Aspirin Use in Children for Fever or Viral Syndromes - FPIN's Clinical\nInquiries - American Family Physician\n\nAdvertisement\n\n<< Previous article\n\nNext article >>\n\nDec 15, 2009 Issue\n\n## FPIN's Clinical Inquiries\n\n# Aspirin Use in Children for Fever or Viral Syndromes\n\nANTHONY I. BEUTLER, MAJ, USAF, MC; GREGORY T. CHESNUT, ENS, MC, USN; and JOHN\nC. MATTINGLY, ENS, MC, USN, Uniformed Services University of the Health\nSciences, Bethesda, Maryland\n\nBARBARA JAMIESON, MLS, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin\n\nAm Fam Physician. 2009 Dec 15;80(12):1472-1474.\n\n## Clinical Question\n\nAt what age is it safe for children to take aspirin for fever or viral\nsyndromes?\n\n## Evidence-Based Answer\n\nAspirin should not be used to treat acute febrile viral illness in children.\n(Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C, based on case-control studies). Although\nno causal link has been proven, data from case-control and historic cohort\nstudies demonstrate an association between aspirin use and Reye syndrome. The\nrisk of Reye syndrome decreases with age, becoming extremely rare by the late\nteenage years. Other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are effective\nantipyretics and are not associated with the constellation of symptoms seen in\nReye syndrome, which includes nausea, vomiting, headache, excitability,\ndelirium, combativeness, and coma. Aspirin use in children younger than 19\nyears should be limited to diseases in which aspirin has a proven benefit,\nsuch as Kawasaki disease and the juvenile arthritides. (SOR: C, based on\nexpert opinion).\n\n## Evidence Summary\n\nThe primary concern associated with aspirin use in the treatment of fever in\nchildren is Reye syndrome. First described in 1963, Reye syndrome is an acute,\nnoninflammatory encephalopathy and hepatotoxicity that follows an acute viral\nillness. Although it is associated with salicylate treatment in case-control\nand historic cohort studies, accurate diagnosis of Reye syndrome is\ndifficult.1–3 From 1980 to 2000, approximately 25 percent of initial Reye\nsyndrome diagnoses were subsequently changed.4,5\n\nAspirin's role in the pathogenesis of Reye syndrome is unclear, and some\nbelieve the syndrome is caused by a viral infection.2,6 However, case-control\nstudies and other historic data associate use of salicylates during febrile\nviral infections to the development of Reye syndrome in children.7–9 A\ncomprehensive review of studies linking aspirin to Reye syndrome concludes\nthat the methodology of many early studies was flawed, but later cohort\nstudies linking Reye syndrome to aspirin employed methodologies that addressed\nthose criticisms.4\n\nThe absolute risk of aspirin treatment is unknown and difficult to calculate\nprecisely. Peak incidence of Reye syndrome in the United States occurred in\n1980, when 555 cases were reported. Since peaking in 1980, the incidence of\nReye syndrome has dropped to less than two cases per year.2 This dramatic\ndecline coincides with increasing reports linking aspirin to Reye syndrome. In\n1986 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) required that aspirin labels\nstate that children and teenagers should not use the product.1 Today, Reye\nsyndrome is rare. Recent estimates indicate 0.2 to 1.1 cases per 1 million\nchildren younger than 18 years.3\n\nNo study indicates the lowest “safe” age for salicylate use during viral\ninfections. Epidemiologic data show that only 8 percent of Reye syndrome cases\noccur in children 15 to 17 years of age; the syndrome is extremely rare in\npatients older than 18 years. Figure 1 summarizes the age-related prevalence\ndata.3,10\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFigure 1.\n\nBar graph showing the percentage of reported Reye syndrome cases by age.\n\nPercentage of Reported Reye Syndrome Cases by Age\n\n*—There are case reports of Reye syndrome occurring in adults up to 61 years of age.^10\n\nInformation from references 3 and 10.\n\nFigure 1.\n\nBar graph showing the percentage of reported Reye syndrome cases by age.\n\nPercentage of Reported Reye Syndrome Cases by Age\n\n*—There are case reports of Reye syndrome occurring in adults up to 61 years of age.^10\n\nInformation from references 3 and 10.\n\n## Recommendations from Others\n\nThe National Reye's Syndrome Foundation, the U.S. Surgeon General, the FDA,\nthe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Academy of\nPediatrics recommend that aspirin and combination products containing aspirin\nnot be taken by anyone younger than 19 years during fever-causing illnesses.11\nThe British Medicines and Health-care products Regulatory Agency recommends\nthat aspirin labels state that aspirin is not for use in children younger than\n16 years unless recommended by a physician.12\n\nRead the full article.\n\n * Get immediate access, anytime, anywhere.\n * Choose a single article, issue, or full-access subscription.\n * Earn up to 6 CME credits per issue.\n\nAlready a member/subscriber?\n\nLog in >>\n\n|\n\nPurchase Access: See My Optionsclose\n\nAlready a member or subscriber? Log in\n\nBest Value!\n\nGet Full Access\n\nFrom $140\n\nSubscribe\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate, unlimited access to all AFP content\n * More than 130 CME credits per year\n * Access to the AFP app\n * Print delivery option\n\nAccess This Issue\n\n$39.95\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate access to this issue\n * CME credits in this issue\n\n \n \n---|--- \n \nTo see the full article, log in or purchase access.\n\nAddress correspondence to Anthony I. Beutler, MAJ, USAF, MC, at\nabeutler@usuhs.mil. Reprints are not available from the authors.\n\nAuthor disclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nCopyright Family Physicians Inquiries Network. Used with permission.\n\n### REFERENCES\n\nshow all references\n\n1\\. Prior MJ, Nelson EB, Temple AR. Pediatric ibuprofen use increases while\nincidence of Reye's syndrome continues to decline. Clin Pediatr (Phila).\n2000;39(4):245–247....\n\n2\\. Belay ED, Bresee JS, Holman RC, Khan AS, Shahriari A, Schonberger LB.\nReye's syndrome in the United States from 1981 through 1997. N Engl J Med.\n1999;340(18):1377–1382.\n\n3\\. Sullivan KM, Belay ED, Durbin RE, Foster DA, Nordenberg DF. Epidemiology\nof Reye's syndrome, United States, 1991–1994: comparison of CDC surveillance\nand hospital admission data. Neuroepidemiology. 2000;19(6):338–344.\n\n4\\. Australian Government Department of Health and Aging, Therapeutic Goods\nAdministration, Medicines Evaluation Committee. Review of aspirin/Reye's\nsyndrome warning statement, April 2004.\nhttp://www.tga.health.gov.au/npmeds/aspirin_reye.pdf. Accessed August 20,\n2009.\n\n5\\. Schrör K. Aspirin and Reye syndrome: a review of the evidence. Paediatr\nDrugs. 2007;9(3):195–204.\n\n6\\. Orlowski JP, Hanhan UA, Fiallos MR. Is aspirin a cause of Reye's syndrome?\nA case against. Drug Saf. 2002;25(4):225–231.\n\n7\\. Forsyth BW, Horwitz RI, Acampora D, et al. New epidemiologic evidence\nconfirming that bias does not explain the aspirin/Reye's syndrome association.\nJAMA. 1989;261(17):2517–2524.\n\n8\\. Glasgow JF. Reye's syndrome: the case for a causal link with aspirin. Drug\nSaf. 2006;29(12):1111–1121.\n\n9\\. Hurwitz ES, Barrett MJ, Bregman D, et al. Public Health Service study of\nReye's syndrome and medications. Report of the main study [published\ncorrection appears in JAMA. 1987;257(24):3366]. JAMA. 1987;257(14):1905–1911.\n\n10\\. Peters LJ, Wiener GJ, Gilliam J, Van Noord G, Geisinger KR, Roach ES.\nReye's syndrome in adults. A case report and review of the literature. Arch\nIntern Med. 1986;146(12):2401–2403.\n\n11\\. National Reye's Syndrome Foundation. Reye's syndrome bulletin, 2005\nhttp://www.reyessyndrome.org/images/pdf/BULLETIN.pdf. Accessed August 20,\n2009.\n\n12\\. Macdonald S. Aspirin use to be banned in under 16 year olds. BMJ.\n2002;325(7371):988.\n\nClinical Inquiries provides answers to questions submitted by practicing\nfamily physicians to the Family Physicians Inquiries Network (FPIN). Members\nof the network select questions based on their relevance to family medicine.\nAnswers are drawn from an approved set of evidence-based resources and undergo\npeer review. The strength of recommendations and the level of evidence for\nindividual studies are rated using criteria developed by the Evidence-Based\nMedicine Working Group (http://www.cebm.net/levels_of_evidence.asp).\n\nThe complete database of evidence-based questions and answers is copyrighted\nby FPIN. If interested in submitting questions or writing answers for this\nseries, go to http://www.fpin.org or e-mail: questions@fpin.org.\n\n * PRINT\n * COMMENTS\n\nWant to use this article elsewhere? Get Permissions\n\nAdvertisement\n\nMore in AFP\n\n#### Editor's Collections\n\n * FPIN's Clinical Inquiries\n\nMore in Pubmed\n\n * Citation\n * Related Articles\n\nMOST RECENT ISSUE\n\nJun 15, 2021\n\nAccess the latest issue of American Family Physician\n\nRead the Issue\n\n#### Email Alerts\n\nDon't miss a single issue. Sign up for the free AFP email table of contents.\n\nSign Up Now\n\nNavigate this Article\n\n## Continue reading from December 15, 2009\n\nPrevious: Screening for Phenylketonuria: Reaffirmation Recommendation\nStatement\n\nNext: Nonhealing Diaper Rash with Associated Hepatosplenomegaly\n\nView the full table of contents >>\n\nHome / Journals / afp / Vol. 80/No. 12(December 15, 2009) / FPIN's Clinical\nInquiries: Aspirin Use in Children for Fever or Viral Syndromes\n\nCopyright © 2020 American Academy of Family Physicians. All rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-mononucleosis-causes", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211211114217/https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-mononucleosis-causes", "parsed_text": { "title": "Kissing Disease): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment", "passages": [ "Mononucleosis is an infectious illness that’s usually caused by the Epstein- Barr virus (EBV). It’s also called mono or “the kissing disease.” You can get the virus through kissing as well as things like sharing drinks or silverware. It’s contagious, but you’re less likely to catch mono than other common illnesses like a cold.", "Mono isn’t usually a serious illness, but you can have complications that make it more dangerous. The symptoms of mono can range from mild to severe. You may not be able to take part in your normal daily activities for several weeks.", "Many people are exposed to EBV as kids. But that doesn’t always mean you’ll get mono. You can carry the virus in your body for your entire life without ever having symptoms of mono.", "EBV is part of the herpes virus family. Most people are exposed to it at some point in their lives. In the U.S., about 85% to 90% of adults carry the virus by the time they’re 40.", "EBV spreads through bodily fluids, usually saliva, which is why you can get it through kissing. You can also get it if you share food, drinks, or silverware with a person who has it or, rarely, if an infected person coughs or sneezes near you. If someone who has mono uses an object like a fork or spoon, the virus is probably still contagious as long as the object is still moist.", "EBV can be spread through blood and semen. It’s unusual, but you can get mono from medical procedures such as blood transfusions and organ transplants, or through sexual contact.", "Mono can cause different symptoms in different people. If you get EBV, you may start to have symptoms of mono within about 4 to 7 weeks. Common symptoms include:", "Most people who get mono feel better in about 2 to 4 weeks. Sometimes, fatigue can last several weeks after that. In some cases, it can take 6 months or longer for the symptoms to go away.", "Your doctor can usually diagnose mono based on your symptoms. They might also check for swelling in your tonsils, lymph nodes, and liver or spleen.", "Complete blood count (CBC). Your doctor will look at your white blood cells, including whether any of them are unusual or whether you have more than usual.", "Enlarged spleen. If it becomes severe, your spleen can burst. This causes a sudden sharp pain on the left side of your upper belly. If you have pain like this, it’s an emergency. Get medical care right away. You may need surgery.", "Blood problems. Your body might destroy too many of your red blood cells (hemolytic anemia). Or your blood might not have enough platelets (thrombocytopenia).", "You’re more likely to have serious complications from mono if your immune system is weakened because of an illness like HIV or AIDS, or because you take certain medications.", "There’s no vaccine to prevent mono. EBV can stay in your saliva for months after you’re infected, so even if you don’t have symptoms or feel sick, you may be able to spread it.", "To lower your chances of getting mono, wash your hands often and try not to share things like drinks, silverware, or toothbrushes with other people." ] }, "parsed_md": "Mononucleosis (Mono/Kissing Disease): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Menu\n\n### Health A-Z Home\n\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * WebMDRx Savings Card\n\n### Mononucleosis\n\n * What Is Mononucleosis?\n * Symptoms\n * Treatments\n\n### Top 12 Topics\n\n * Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n * CBD Oil\n * Keto Diet\n * Hepatitis C\n * Diabetes Warning Signs\n * Rheumatoid Arthritis\n * Morning-After Pill\n * Breast Cancer Screening\n * Psoriatic Arthritis Symptoms\n * Heart Failure\n * Multiple Myeloma\n * Types of Crohn's Disease\n\n * A to Z Guides\n * Reference\n\n### Menu\n\n# Mononucleosis\n\nMedically Reviewed by Nayana Ambardekar, MD on November 02, 2019\n\n### Articles On Mononucleosis\n\n * What Is Mononucleosis?\n * Symptoms\n * Treatments\n\n## What Is Mononucleosis?\n\nMononucleosis is an infectious illness that’s usually caused by the Epstein-\nBarr virus (EBV). It’s also called mono or “the kissing disease.” You can get\nthe virus through kissing as well as things like sharing drinks or silverware.\nIt’s contagious, but you’re less likely to catch mono than other common\nillnesses like a cold.\n\nMono isn’t usually a serious illness, but you can have complications that make\nit more dangerous. The symptoms of mono can range from mild to severe. You may\nnot be able to take part in your normal daily activities for several weeks.\n\n## Mononucleosis Causes\n\nMany people are exposed to EBV as kids. But that doesn’t always mean you’ll\nget mono. You can carry the virus in your body for your entire life without\never having symptoms of mono.\n\nEBV is part of the herpes virus family. Most people are exposed to it at some\npoint in their lives. In the U.S., about 85% to 90% of adults carry the virus\nby the time they’re 40.\n\n## How Do You Get Mono?\n\nEBV spreads through bodily fluids, usually saliva, which is why you can get it\nthrough kissing. You can also get it if you share food, drinks, or silverware\nwith a person who has it or, rarely, if an infected person coughs or sneezes\nnear you. If someone who has mono uses an object like a fork or spoon, the\nvirus is probably still contagious as long as the object is still moist.\n\nEBV can be spread through blood and semen. It’s unusual, but you can get mono\nfrom medical procedures such as blood transfusions and organ transplants, or\nthrough sexual contact.\n\n## Mononucleosis Symptoms\n\nMono can cause different symptoms in different people. If you get EBV, you may\nstart to have symptoms of mono within about 4 to 7 weeks. Common symptoms\ninclude:\n\n * Fever\n * Fatigue\n * Sore throat\n * Swollen lymph nodes\n * Sore muscles\n * Loss of appetite\n\nSome people have no symptoms or ones that are so mild, they don’t notice them.\n\nMost people who get mono feel better in about 2 to 4 weeks. Sometimes, fatigue\ncan last several weeks after that. In some cases, it can take 6 months or\nlonger for the symptoms to go away.\n\n## Mononucleosis Diagnosis\n\nYour doctor can usually diagnose mono based on your symptoms. They might also\ncheck for swelling in your tonsils, lymph nodes, and liver or spleen.\n\nThey can confirm a mono diagnosis with blood tests including:\n\n * Complete blood count (CBC). Your doctor will look at your white blood cells, including whether any of them are unusual or whether you have more than usual.\n * Antibody tests. Your doctor will look for proteins that your immune system creates in response to EBV.\n\n## Mononucleosis Complications\n\nComplications from mono can be serious. They might include:\n\n * Swollen tonsils. They might narrow your airway, making it harder to swallow or breathe through your mouth.\n * Enlarged spleen. If it becomes severe, your spleen can burst. This causes a sudden sharp pain on the left side of your upper belly. If you have pain like this, it’s an emergency. Get medical care right away. You may need surgery.\n * Liver problems. You might have hepatitis or jaundice.\n * Blood problems. Your body might destroy too many of your red blood cells (hemolytic anemia). Or your blood might not have enough platelets (thrombocytopenia).\n * Heart problems. Your heart muscle might become inflamed (myocarditis), or you might have an uneven heartbeat.\n * Nervous system problems. This can include seizures, brain inflammation (encephalitis), or inflammation of the tissues covering your brain (meningitis).\n\nYou’re more likely to have serious complications from mono if your immune\nsystem is weakened because of an illness like HIV or AIDS, or because you take\ncertain medications.\n\n## Mononucleosis Treatment\n\nNo medications treat mono. Antibiotics and antivirals don’t work on EBV.\nThings that may help you feel better include:\n\n * Lots of rest\n * Lots of fluids\n * Over-the-counter pain relievers, like acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, for fever and pain\n * Corticosteroid medication for swelling in your throat\n\n## Mononucleosis Prevention\n\nThere’s no vaccine to prevent mono. EBV can stay in your saliva for months\nafter you’re infected, so even if you don’t have symptoms or feel sick, you\nmay be able to spread it.\n\nTo lower your chances of getting mono, wash your hands often and try not to\nshare things like drinks, silverware, or toothbrushes with other people.\n\n#### Show Sources\n\nSOURCES:\n\nMayo Clinic: “Mononucleosis.”\n\nCleveland Clinic: “Mononucleosis.”\n\nKidsHealth.org: “Mononucleosis.”\n\nCDC: “About Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV).”\n\nJohns Hopkins Medicine: “Infectious Mononucleosis.”\n\nAmerican Academy of Family Physicians: “Mononucleosis (Mono).”\n\nAmerican Association for Clinical Chemistry: “Mononucleosis (Mono) Test.”\n\nMerck Manual Consumer Version: “Infectious Mononucleosis.”\n\nNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: “Hemolytic Anemia.”\n\n© 2019 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved. View privacy policy and trust info\n\n### Next In Mononucleosis\n\nSymptoms\n\n### further reading\n\n * Picture of Infectious Mononucleosis\n * Mono Symptoms\n * Mononucleosis\n * Mononucleosis Tests and Treatments\n * Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)\n * Enlarged Spleen: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments\n * Ruptured Spleen\n * Mononucleosis Topics\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n#### Risky Mistakes Pet Owners Make\n\nSome of these might surprise you.\n\n#### Depressed, Guilty Feelings After Eating?\n\nSymptoms of binge eating disorder.\n\n#### Psoriasis Home Remedies\n\n14 tips to ditch the itch.\n\n#### Quit Smoking\n\nGet your personalized plan.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 10 Secrets to a Sparkling Smile\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 7 Ways You're Wrecking Your Liver\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Symptoms of ADHD in Children\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Type 2 Diabetes: Early Warning Signs\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### What Is Schizophrenia?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Fungal Infections: What You Should Know\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 11 Surprising Superfoods for Your Bones\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Foods That Help Enhance Your Brainpower\n * Breast Cancer Signs & Symptoms\n * Constipated? Avoid These Foods\n * Lung Cancer Risks: Myths and Facts\n * Causes of Erectile Dysfunction\n * Tips for Living Better With Migraine\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect?\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Benefits of CBD\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Health Benefits of Hemp Seed Oil\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * 5 Health Benefits of Hemp\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2021 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aafp.org/afp/2004/1001/p1289.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507194606/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2004/1001/p1289.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Things to Know About Infectious Mononucleosis", "passages": [ "Please note: This information was current at the time of publication. But medical information is always changing, and some information given here may be out of date. For regularly updated information on a variety of health topics, please visit familydoctor.org, the AAFP patient education website.", "Infectious mononucleosis (say: in-feck-shuss mon-oh-new-clee-oh-siss), or mono, often is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Mono usually is not serious, but some people with mono feel very tired and have pain in their joints that lasts for several weeks.", "Mono is most common in older children, teenagers, and young adults. The virus is spread by contact with the saliva of someone who had the infection within the past few months. Mono can be spread by kissing a person who is infected or by sharing a glass, bottle, or eating utensils.", "Most people get mono by the time they are adults. But most people have a very mild infection that might be mistaken for the flu.", "People with mono usually have a sore throat, fever, swollen glands, and pus on their tonsils. Their liver and spleen might be tender and larger than normal. Your doctor might want you to have blood tests. He or she might want to test you for other sicknesses that are like mono.", "The most important thing you can do when you have mono is get plenty of rest and drink enough liquids. You may want to take a pain reliever such as acetaminophen (one brand name: Tylenol) or ibuprofen (some brand names: Advil, Motrin, Nuprin). Do not give aspirin to children with mono. If your throat is very sore or if your tonsils are swollen, your doctor might prescribe medicines called corticosteroids.", "Because mono is caused by a virus, antibiotics would not help you get better. But some people with mono get strep throat at the same time. Antibiotics will help strep throat go away.", "Most people with mono feel better after one month. Some people feel tired and sleep more than normal for as long as six months.", "If you have a job, it is a good idea to let your human resources department know that you are sick with mono. If you are not able to work for a long time, you might be able to take a medical leave of absence.", "If you are a student, talk to your guidance counselor. He or she will help you decide what to do if you will be out of school for a long time.", "Sometimes mono can cause serious problems. One problem is with the spleen. The spleen is an organ in the upper part of your abdomen on the left side. In people with mono, sometimes the spleen grows very large and tears open. This is called a rupture. This happens to only about one in 1,000 people with mono. About one half of these ruptures happen during contact sports, such as football. If you get mono, you should not play sports for at least four weeks. Your doctor might want you to have an ultrasound test before you go back to sports.", "Mono also can affect your liver. If you have mono, you should not drink alcohol while you are sick. If you notice a yellow color to your skin or if you begin to bruise easily, see your doctor.", "The best way to keep from getting mono is to avoid contact with the saliva of infected people. Do not share bottles, cans, glasses, plates, or eating utensils. Do not kiss a person who had mono recently.", "This handout is provided to you by your family doctor and the American Academy of Family Physicians. Other health-related information is available from the AAFP online at http://familydoctor.org.", "This information provides a general overview and may not apply to everyone. Talk to your family doctor to find out if this information applies to you and to get more information on this subject.", "Copyright © 2004 by the American Academy of Family Physicians. This content is owned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non- commercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact afpserv@aafp.org for copyright questions and/or permission requests." ] }, "parsed_md": "Things to Know About Infectious Mononucleosis - American Family Physician\n\nAdvertisement\n\n<< Previous article\n\nNext article >>\n\nOct 1, 2004 Issue\n\nPlease note: This information was current at the time of publication. But\nmedical information is always changing, and some information given here may be\nout of date. For regularly updated information on a variety of health topics,\nplease visit familydoctor.org, the AAFP patient education website.\n\n## Information from Your Family Doctor\n\n# Things to Know About Infectious Mononucleosis\n\nAm Fam Physician. 2004 Oct 1;70(7):1289-1290.\n\n## What is infectious mononucleosis?\n\nInfectious mononucleosis (say: in-feck-shuss mon-oh-new-clee-oh-siss), or\nmono, often is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Mono usually is not serious,\nbut some people with mono feel very tired and have pain in their joints that\nlasts for several weeks.\n\n## Who gets mono and why?\n\nMono is most common in older children, teenagers, and young adults. The virus\nis spread by contact with the saliva of someone who had the infection within\nthe past few months. Mono can be spread by kissing a person who is infected or\nby sharing a glass, bottle, or eating utensils.\n\nMost people get mono by the time they are adults. But most people have a very\nmild infection that might be mistaken for the flu.\n\n## How can my doctor tell I have mono?\n\nPeople with mono usually have a sore throat, fever, swollen glands, and pus on\ntheir tonsils. Their liver and spleen might be tender and larger than normal.\nYour doctor might want you to have blood tests. He or she might want to test\nyou for other sicknesses that are like mono.\n\n## How is mono treated?\n\nThe most important thing you can do when you have mono is get plenty of rest\nand drink enough liquids. You may want to take a pain reliever such as\nacetaminophen (one brand name: Tylenol) or ibuprofen (some brand names: Advil,\nMotrin, Nuprin). Do not give aspirin to children with mono. If your throat is\nvery sore or if your tonsils are swollen, your doctor might prescribe\nmedicines called corticosteroids.\n\nBecause mono is caused by a virus, antibiotics would not help you get better.\nBut some people with mono get strep throat at the same time. Antibiotics will\nhelp strep throat go away.\n\n## What can I expect?\n\nMost people with mono feel better after one month. Some people feel tired and\nsleep more than normal for as long as six months.\n\nIf you have a job, it is a good idea to let your human resources department\nknow that you are sick with mono. If you are not able to work for a long time,\nyou might be able to take a medical leave of absence.\n\nIf you are a student, talk to your guidance counselor. He or she will help you\ndecide what to do if you will be out of school for a long time.\n\n## Is mono ever dangerous?\n\nSometimes mono can cause serious problems. One problem is with the spleen. The\nspleen is an organ in the upper part of your abdomen on the left side. In\npeople with mono, sometimes the spleen grows very large and tears open. This\nis called a rupture. This happens to only about one in 1,000 people with mono.\nAbout one half of these ruptures happen during contact sports, such as\nfootball. If you get mono, you should not play sports for at least four weeks.\nYour doctor might want you to have an ultrasound test before you go back to\nsports.\n\nMono also can affect your liver. If you have mono, you should not drink\nalcohol while you are sick. If you notice a yellow color to your skin or if\nyou begin to bruise easily, see your doctor.\n\n## How can I prevent mono?\n\nThe best way to keep from getting mono is to avoid contact with the saliva of\ninfected people. Do not share bottles, cans, glasses, plates, or eating\nutensils. Do not kiss a person who had mono recently.\n\nRead the full article.\n\n * Get immediate access, anytime, anywhere.\n * Choose a single article, issue, or full-access subscription.\n * Earn up to 6 CME credits per issue.\n\nAlready a member/subscriber?\n\nLog in >>\n\n|\n\nPurchase Access: See My Optionsclose\n\nAlready a member or subscriber? Log in\n\nBest Value!\n\nGet Full Access\n\nFrom $140\n\nSubscribe\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate, unlimited access to all AFP content\n * More than 130 CME credits per year\n * Access to the AFP app\n * Print delivery option\n\nAccess This Issue\n\n$39.95\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate access to this issue\n * CME credits in this issue\n\n \n \n---|--- \n \nTo see the full article, log in or purchase access.\n\nThis handout is provided to you by your family doctor and the American Academy\nof Family Physicians. Other health-related information is available from the\nAAFP online at http://familydoctor.org.\n\nThis information provides a general overview and may not apply to everyone.\nTalk to your family doctor to find out if this information applies to you and\nto get more information on this subject.\n\nCopyright © 2004 by the American Academy of Family Physicians. This content is\nowned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the\nmaterial and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-\ncommercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied,\nprinted, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or\nlater invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact\nafpserv@aafp.org for copyright questions and/or permission requests.\n\n * PRINT\n * COMMENTS\n\nWant to use this article elsewhere? Get Permissions\n\nAdvertisement\n\nMOST RECENT ISSUE\n\nMay 1, 2021\n\nAccess the latest issue of American Family Physician\n\nRead the Issue\n\n#### Email Alerts\n\nDon't miss a single issue. Sign up for the free AFP email table of contents.\n\nSign Up Now\n\nNavigate this Article\n\n## Continue reading from October 1, 2004\n\nPrevious: Seat Belt Use During Pregnancy\n\nNext: Night Sweats Are Commonly Vasomotor Symptoms\n\nView the full table of contents >>\n\nHome / Journals / afp / Vol. 70/No. 7(October 1, 2004) / Things to Know About\nInfectious Mononucleosis\n\nCopyright © 2020 American Academy of Family Physicians. All rights Reserved.\n\n" } ]
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How To Compost
To start composting in your yard, build or buy a compost bin out of wood or wire mesh. Layer dry, “brown” waste like leaves and soil with green materials like grass cuttings and kitchen scraps until you fill up your bin. To speed up the composting process, sprinkle each layer with water, crush materials into smaller pieces, and place a black cloth on top to keep it warm. Mix your compost with a shovel or pitchfork every week or two. When your compost is deep brown and no longer warm, you can start using it in your yard.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20220112152817/https://www.epa.gov/recycle/composting-home", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180310122057/https://www.rodalesorganiclife.com/garden/how-compost", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417182502/https://www.finegardening.com/article/compost", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210812052738/https://www.oregonmetro.gov/tools-living/yard-and-garden/composting/composting-methods", "http://web.archive.org/web/20191224125506/https://www.portlandoregon.gov/bps/article/402972", "http://web.archive.org/web/20191219003911/https://www.finegardening.com/article/brewing-compost-tea" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.epa.gov/recycle/composting-home", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20220112152817/https://www.epa.gov/recycle/composting-home", "parsed_text": { "title": "Composting At Home", "passages": [ "Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock () or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.", "Compost is organic material that can be added to soil to help plants grow. Food scraps and yard waste together currently make up more than 30 percent of what we throw away, and could be composted instead. Making compost keeps these materials out of landfills where they take up space and release methane, a potent greenhouse gas.", "Your compost pile should have an equal amount of browns to greens. You should also alternate layers of organic materials of different-sized particles. The brown materials provide carbon for your compost, the green materials provide nitrogen, and the water provides moisture to help break down the organic matter.", "Dairy products (e.g., butter, milk, sour cream, yogurt) and eggs* - Create odor problems and attract pests such as rodents and flies", "Pet wastes (e.g., dog or cat feces, soiled cat litter)* - Might contain parasites, bacteria, germs, pathogens, and viruses harmful to humans", "Check with your local composting or recycling coordinator to see if these organics are accepted by your community curbside or drop-off composting program.", "Encourages the production of beneficial bacteria and fungi that break down organic matter to create humus, a rich nutrient-filled material.", "There are many different ways to make a compost pile; we have provided the following for general reference. Helpful tools include pitchforks, square- point shovels or machetes, and water hoses with a spray head. Regular mixing or turning of the compost and some water will help maintain the compost.", "Once your compost pile is established, mix grass clippings and green waste into the pile and bury fruit and vegetable waste under 10 inches of compost material.", "Optional: Cover top of compost with a tarp to keep it moist. When the material at the bottom is dark and rich in color, your compost is ready to use. This usually takes anywhere between two months to two years.", "If you do not have space for an outdoor compost pile, you can compost materials indoors using a special type of bin, which you can buy at a local hardware store, gardening supplies store, or make yourself. Remember to tend your pile and keep track of what you throw in. A properly managed compost bin will not attract pests or rodents and will not smell bad. Your compost should be ready in two to five weeks." ] }, "parsed_md": "Composting At Home | US EPA\n\nSkip to main content\n\nAn official website of the United States government\n\nHere’s how you know\n\nOfficial websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government\norganization in the United States.\n\nSecure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock () or https:// means you’ve safely\nconnected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official,\nsecure websites.\n\nRelated Topics:\n\n * Reduce, Reuse, Recycle\n\nContact Us\n\n# Composting At Home\n\nComposting Resources\n\n * Cornell Waste Management Institute's Small Scale Composting\n * Find a Composter\n * U.S. Department of Agriculture Backyard Composting Tip Sheet\n\nCompost is organic material that can be added to soil to help plants grow.\nFood scraps and yard waste together currently make up more than 30 percent of\nwhat we throw away, and could be composted instead. Making compost keeps these\nmaterials out of landfills where they take up space and release methane, a\npotent greenhouse gas.\n\nOn this page:\n\n * Composting Basics\n * Benefits of Composting\n * How to Compost at Home\n\n## Composting Basics\n\nAll composting requires three basic ingredients:\n\n * Browns - This includes materials such as dead leaves, branches, and twigs.\n\nHelpful Link\n\nReducing Wasted Food Basics\n\n * Greens - This includes materials such as grass clippings, vegetable waste, fruit scraps, and coffee grounds.\n * Water - Having the right amount of water, greens, and browns is important for compost development.\n\nYour compost pile should have an equal amount of browns to greens. You should\nalso alternate layers of organic materials of different-sized particles. The\nbrown materials provide carbon for your compost, the green materials provide\nnitrogen, and the water provides moisture to help break down the organic\nmatter.\n\n### What To Compost\n\n * Fruits and vegetables\n * Eggshells\n * Coffee grounds and filters\n * Tea bags\n * Nut shells\n * Shredded newspaper\n * Cardboard\n * Paper\n * Yard trimmings\n * Grass clippings\n * Houseplants\n * Hay and straw\n * Leaves\n * Sawdust\n * Wood chips\n * Cotton and Wool Rags\n * Hair and fur\n * Fireplace ashes\n\n### What Not To Compost and Why\n\n * Black walnut tree leaves or twigs - Releases substances that might be harmful to plants\n * Coal or charcoal ash - Might contain substances harmful to plants\n * Dairy products (e.g., butter, milk, sour cream, yogurt) and eggs* - Create odor problems and attract pests such as rodents and flies\n * Diseased or insect-ridden plants - Diseases or insects might survive and be transferred back to other plants\n * Fats, grease, lard, or oils* - Create odor problems and attract pests such as rodents and flies\n * Meat or fish bones and scraps* - Create odor problems and attract pests such as rodents and flies\n * Pet wastes (e.g., dog or cat feces, soiled cat litter)* - Might contain parasites, bacteria, germs, pathogens, and viruses harmful to humans\n * Yard trimmings treated with chemical pesticides - Might kill beneficial composting organisms\n\n* Check with your local composting or recycling coordinator to see if these organics are accepted by your community curbside or drop-off composting program.\n\n##\n\nBenefits of Composting\n\n * Enriches soil, helping retain moisture and suppress plant diseases and pests.\n * Reduces the need for chemical fertilizers.\n * Encourages the production of beneficial bacteria and fungi that break down organic matter to create humus, a rich nutrient-filled material.\n * Reduces methane emissions from landfills and lowers your carbon footprint.\n\n## How to Compost at Home\n\nThere are many different ways to make a compost pile; we have provided the\nfollowing for general reference. Helpful tools include pitchforks, square-\npoint shovels or machetes, and water hoses with a spray head. Regular mixing\nor turning of the compost and some water will help maintain the compost.\n\n### Backyard Composting\n\n * Select a dry, shady spot near a water source for your compost pile or bin.\n\n * Add brown and green materials as they are collected, making sure larger pieces are chopped or shredded.\n\n * Moisten dry materials as they are added.\n\n * Once your compost pile is established, mix grass clippings and green waste into the pile and bury fruit and vegetable waste under 10 inches of compost material.\n\n * Optional: Cover top of compost with a tarp to keep it moist. When the material at the bottom is dark and rich in color, your compost is ready to use. This usually takes anywhere between two months to two years.\n\n### Indoor Composting\n\nHow to Build a Worm Composting Bin\n\nLearn how to create and maintain an indoor worm composting bin\n\nIf you do not have space for an outdoor compost pile, you can compost\nmaterials indoors using a special type of bin, which you can buy at a local\nhardware store, gardening supplies store, or make yourself. Remember to tend\nyour pile and keep track of what you throw in. A properly managed compost bin\nwill not attract pests or rodents and will not smell bad. Your compost should\nbe ready in two to five weeks.\n\nContact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.\n\n## Discover.\n\n * Accessibility\n * Budget & Performance\n * Contracting\n * EPA www Web Snapshot\n * Grants\n * No FEAR Act Data\n * Plain Writing\n * Privacy\n * Privacy and Security Notice\n\n## Connect.\n\n * Data.gov\n * Inspector General\n * Jobs\n * Newsroom\n * Open Government\n * Regulations.gov\n * Subscribe\n * USA.gov\n * White House\n\n## Ask.\n\n * Contact EPA\n * EPA Disclaimers\n * Hotlines\n * FOIA Requests\n * Frequent Questions\n\n## Follow.\n\nLast updated on April 1, 2021\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.rodalesorganiclife.com/garden/how-compost", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180310122057/https://www.rodalesorganiclife.com/garden/how-compost", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Build A Compost Pile", "passages": [ "Ready to take the plunge and start composting? A lot of people assume you need a compost bin to make compost, but that's not true. You simply need space for a pile that is at least 3-foot square. A pile this size will have enough mass to decompose without a bin. Many gardeners buy or build compost bins, however, because they keep the pile neat. Some are designed to make turning the compost easier or protect it from soaking rains. (Here's how to choose the best compost bin for you.) It's up to you if you want to make that investment. You can always start without a bin and get one later if you decide you need it.", "2. Nitrogen-rich “green” materials, such as grass clippings, plant-based kitchen waste (vegetable peelings and fruit rinds, but no meat scraps), or barnyard animal manure (even though its color is usually brown, manure is full of nitrogen like the other “green” stuff). Do not use manure from carnivores, such as cats or dogs.", "1. Start by spreading a layer that is several inches thick of coarse, dry brown stuff, like straw or cornstalks or leaves, where you want to build the pile.", "Continue layering green stuff and brown stuff with a little soil mixed in until the pile is 3 feet high. Try to add stuff in a ratio of three parts brown to one part green. (If it takes awhile before you have enough material to build the pile that high, don't worry. Just keep adding to the pile until it gets to at least 3 feet high.)", "Every couple of weeks, use a garden fork or shovel to turn the pile, moving the stuff at the center of the compost pile to the outside and working the stuff on the outside to the center of the pile. Keep the pile moist, but not soggy. When you first turn the pile, you may see steam rising from it. This is a sign that the compost pile is heating up as a result of the materials in it decomposing. If you turn the pile every couple of weeks and keep it moist, you will begin to see earthworms throughout the pile and the center of the pile will turn into black, crumbly, sweet-smelling “black gold.” When you have enough finished compost in the pile to use in your garden, shovel out the finished compost and start your next pile with any material that hadn’t fully decomposed in the previous one.", "If you are the only person using this device, there’s no need to log out. Just exit this page and you won’t have to sign in again. But if you’re on a public or shared computer, log out to keep your account secure.", "We have sent an email to the given address with instructions to create a new password. Your current password has not been changed." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Build A Compost Pile\n\nJump to navigation\n\n * Log In\n * Sign Up\n\n * Daily Newsletter\n * Best Deals\n * Food\n * Home\n * Garden\n * Wellbeing\n * Recipes\n * Video\n * #myorganiclife\n * About Us\n * Submission Guidelines\n\n * Promotions\n * Contact Us\n * Manage Email Preferences\n * Media Kit\n * Rodale Inc. Brands\n * Copyright Notice\n * Terms of Use\n * Amazon Affiliate\n * Privacy Policy\n\nCopyright © 2018 Rodale Inc. No reproduction, transmission or display is\npermitted without the written permissions of Rodale Inc.\n\nPrivacy Policy. About Us.\n\n * Garden\n * Food\n * Home\n * Wellbeing\n * Shop\n\nHow To Build A Simple Compost Pile\n\nGarden Composting\n\n# How To Build A Simple Compost Pile\n\n## All you need to know about how to make a compost pile.\n\nBy The Editors Of Organic Life January 22, 2018\n\nHERO IMAGES/GETTY\n\nReady to take the plunge and start composting? A lot of people assume you need\na compost bin to make compost, but that's not true. You simply need space for\na pile that is at least 3-foot square. A pile this size will have enough mass\nto decompose without a bin. Many gardeners buy or build compost bins, however,\nbecause they keep the pile neat. Some are designed to make turning the compost\neasier or protect it from soaking rains. (Here's how to choose the best\ncompost bin for you.) It's up to you if you want to make that investment. You\ncan always start without a bin and get one later if you decide you need it.\n\nSo you've made the space for your compost pile—now what? Don't worry, it's\neasy. Here's exactly what to do:\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nFree Newsletter\n\nYou may unsubscribe at any time.\n\nPrivacy Policy | About Us\n\n### Gather your supplies\n\n1\\. Carbon-rich “brown” materials, such as fall leaves, straw, dead flowers\nfrom your garden, and shredded newspaper.\n\n2\\. Nitrogen-rich “green” materials, such as grass clippings, plant-based\nkitchen waste (vegetable peelings and fruit rinds, but no meat scraps), or\nbarnyard animal manure (even though its color is usually brown, manure is full\nof nitrogen like the other “green” stuff). Do not use manure from carnivores,\nsuch as cats or dogs.\n\n3\\. A shovelful or two of garden soil.\n\n4\\. A site that’s at least 3 feet long by 3 feet wide.\n\nRelated: 7 Solutions To Your Most Common Compost Problems\n\n### Make your compost pile\n\n1\\. Start by spreading a layer that is several inches thick of coarse, dry\nbrown stuff, like straw or cornstalks or leaves, where you want to build the\npile.\n\n2\\. Top that with several inches of green stuff.\n\n3\\. Add a thin layer of soil.\n\n4\\. Add a layer of brown stuff.\n\n5\\. Moisten the three layers.\n\nRelated: How To Buy Quality Organic Compost For Your Garden\n\nContinue layering green stuff and brown stuff with a little soil mixed in\nuntil the pile is 3 feet high. Try to add stuff in a ratio of three parts\nbrown to one part green. (If it takes awhile before you have enough material\nto build the pile that high, don't worry. Just keep adding to the pile until\nit gets to at least 3 feet high.)\n\nSee below how to make a vermicomposting bin for indoor composting:\n\nEvery couple of weeks, use a garden fork or shovel to turn the pile, moving\nthe stuff at the center of the compost pile to the outside and working the\nstuff on the outside to the center of the pile. Keep the pile moist, but not\nsoggy. When you first turn the pile, you may see steam rising from it. This is\na sign that the compost pile is heating up as a result of the materials in it\ndecomposing. If you turn the pile every couple of weeks and keep it moist, you\nwill begin to see earthworms throughout the pile and the center of the pile\nwill turn into black, crumbly, sweet-smelling “black gold.” When you have\nenough finished compost in the pile to use in your garden, shovel out the\nfinished compost and start your next pile with any material that hadn’t fully\ndecomposed in the previous one.\n\nTags: Compostingorganic gardeningSpring Into Spring\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nPrivacy Policy | About Us\n\nCopyright © 2018 Rodale Inc.\n\n### Are you sure you want to log out?\n\nIf you are the only person using this device, there’s no need to log out. Just\nexit this page and you won’t have to sign in again. But if you’re on a public\nor shared computer, log out to keep your account secure.\n\nClose\n\n### Signing Out...\n\n### Sign Up\n\nAlready have an account? Log in\n\nOR\n\nSign up with email\n\nBy signing up, you confirm that you accept our terms of use and privacy\npolicy.\n\n### Check Your Email\n\nFollow the link we sent to your email address to verify your account.\n\nIf you don’t see the email verification in your inbox, please check all\nfolders including junk and spam.\n\n### Authenticating...\n\n### Log in\n\nDon't have an account yet? Sign Up\n\nOR\n\nLog in with email\n\nForgot Password?\n\nBy logging in, you confirm that you accept our terms of use and privacy\npolicy.\n\n### Verify Your Account\n\nWe have found your account but you must first verify your email address.\n\n### Check Your Email\n\nFollow the link we sent to your email address to verify your account.\n\nIf you don’t see the email verification in your inbox, please check all\nfolders including junk and spam.\n\nBack\n\n### Reset Password\n\nEnter your email address and we'll send you a link to create a new password.\n\n### Check Your Email\n\nWe have sent an email to the given address with instructions to create a new\npassword. Your current password has not been changed.\n\nIf you don’t see the reset email in your inbox, please check all folders\nincluding junk and spam.\n\n### An Error Has Occured\n\nWhoops! We are sorry but an error has occurred.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.finegardening.com/article/compost", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417182502/https://www.finegardening.com/article/compost", "parsed_text": { "title": "FineGardening", "passages": [ "Over time, shredded leaves and grass clippings transform into ...... nutrient- rich compost to fertilize your garden and build up the soil.", "For many gardeners, there isn’t anything more rewarding than turning garbage into gold. That’s what composting does: transforms discarded organic matter into nutrient-rich compost or “black gold.” Besides being a natural fertilizer, compost is also an amazing soil-building material that helps retain moisture and reduce erosion.", "This incredible process is a great way to recycle and transform organic materials into free fertilizer. The process couldn’t be easier. Yet for those of us who have never composted before, the very idea of it can seem intimidating. Recently, I’ve had several opportunities to answer questions from gardeners while teaching them how to compost. Here are answers to the questions I’ve heard most often.", "The odor of compost is a common concern, but it shouldn’t be. Good compost has an earthy aroma to it. If it has an offensive smell like ammonia or sulfur, it is not “cooking” properly. In order for compost to cook properly, you need a good mix of heat, moisture, and oxygen in your pile so that bacteria and microorganisms can do their job.", "Bacteria begin the composting process. Aerobic bacteria need air to live, while anaerobic bacteria can survive without it. Both aid in the decay of organic material, but the aerobic bacteria are particularly helpful because they work faster than their anaerobic cousins and do not produce an odor while working. If your compost pile begins to smell, that usually means that your aerobic friends are not getting enough oxygen. The solution? Get a pitchfork and turn your pile.", "Yes, you can compost throughout winter. Of course, with lower temperatures, the process will significantly slow down. During mild winter days, the microorganisms in compost will continue to eat. Just like us, though, they move a little slower on really cold days.", "Almost anything organic will break down into compost. Grass clippings, leaves, farm animal manure, kitchen peelings, coffee grounds, and eggshells are among the usual suspects found in a compost pile. However, many people overlook other everyday items.", "One evening after a potluck dinner, I mentioned to a friend that I would put the leftover cabbage into my compost pile. She looked shocked and exclaimed, “But it’s cooked!” I replied, “Well, it may be cooked but it’s organic vegetable matter, and the bacteria and earthworms will not know the difference.”", "Other items to include that may not be so obvious are newspaper, sawdust, bread, cooked pasta, and weeds (before they go to seed). Wood and wood products like paper or sawdust take longer to break down, but they eventually decompose. Also, most newspapers have moved to a vegetable-based ink, so there are no concerns about composting newsprint.", "There are a few items that should never go into a compost pile. Diseased plants (dead or alive) shouldn’t be composted because they can spread the disease further. If you have applied chemicals like herbicides or pesticides to your lawn, those grass clippings shouldn’t be composted either. Perennial weeds, like dandelions, should be discarded as well.", "Most gardeners have heard about layering their compost: a layer of dry ingredients (usually leaves), then a layer of moist ingredients (grass clippings or kitchen peelings), and so on. In an ideal world, gardeners would layer their compost because they would have the time and the energy. Truth be told, Mother Nature and her workers have composted for millennia, and they have never layered. Admittedly, though, the process is faster if your ingredients are layered.", "You can put your compost pile in the sun or in the shade, but putting it in the sun will hasten the composting process. Sun helps increase the temperature, so the bacteria and fungi work faster. This also means that your pile will dry out faster, especially in warm southern climates. If you do place your pile in full sun, just remember to keep it moist as it heats up.", "I once told a neighbor who asked me this question that she had to turn her compost pile. I learned later that she decided not to compost at all that season because she didn’t have time to turn it. I’ve since clarified that statement by adding that you have to turn your pile if you want to have compost fairly quickly; turning hastens the process. But you don’t have to do it. It’s possible that, without turning, the compost will begin to smell as the anaerobic bacteria start to do their thing.", "No. Mother Nature has never used a compost bin, and she turns out the best compost around. However, homemade bins (out of wood or wire fencing) help you build and confine your pile. The plastic tumbling compost bins are also a nice luxury, if you can afford it. They make turning effortless, the compost is easily accessible, and, better yet, they speed up the process. With a tumbling bin, you can have compost ready in a few months, whereas leaving it to Mother Nature may take an entire gardening season. The choice is yours. Either way, I’m sure you’ll find composting to be easy and rewarding. There are many good reasons to begin composting, and it’s always gratifying for me to see how much my garden flourishes.", "If you were looking for some best word game then I have the best word game to play just from here play scrabble word finder cheat that you use to solve the word puzzle.", "Alternate titles for this episode: Plants That Stink or Smell This Episode. Kidding aside, lovely smelling plants are a bonus that every garden deserves. We all spend so much time...", "This summer, Fine Gardening will celebrate its 200th issue! We are marking the occasion with a sweepstakes spanning multiple weeks. It’s our way to thank you and to give you...", "It’s true that here in the humid South, roses have a lot to contend with. Mildew and black spot are two of the most common fungus problems. There are a...", "\"As a recently identified gardening nut I have tried all the magazines and this one is head and shoulders above the pack.\"", "Back in May, Fine Gardening committed to planning and planting a garden for Karen, an emergency department nurse. It was a small way to say thank you for the efforts...", "Sign up for a free trial and get access to ALL our regional content, plus the rest of the member-only content library." ] }, "parsed_md": "Compost - FineGardening\n\nSkip to content\n\n * How-To\n * Design\n * My Region\n * Video\n * Magazine\n * GPOD\n * Podcast\n * All Access\n * Kitchen Gardening\n * Webinars\n * More\n\nSubscribe\n\nSubscribe\n\nFine Gardening\n\nSubscribe\n\nJoin| Login\n\n * How-To\n * Design\n * My Region\n * Video\n * Magazine\n * GPOD\n * Podcast\n * All Access\n * Kitchen Gardening\n * Webinars\n * More\n\nFine Gardening\n\nSubscribe\n\nHow-To\n\n# Compost\n\n## Things you always wanted to know but were afraid to ask\n\nBy Nancy Giese\n\nOver time, shredded leaves and grass clippings transform into ...... nutrient-\nrich compost to fertilize your garden and build up the soil.\n\nFor many gardeners, there isn’t anything more rewarding than turning garbage\ninto gold. That’s what composting does: transforms discarded organic matter\ninto nutrient-rich compost or “black gold.” Besides being a natural\nfertilizer, compost is also an amazing soil-building material that helps\nretain moisture and reduce erosion.\n\nThis incredible process is a great way to recycle and transform organic\nmaterials into free fertilizer. The process couldn’t be easier. Yet for those\nof us who have never composted before, the very idea of it can seem\nintimidating. Recently, I’ve had several opportunities to answer questions\nfrom gardeners while teaching them how to compost. Here are answers to the\nquestions I’ve heard most often.\n\n### Will my compost smell?\n\nThe odor of compost is a common concern, but it shouldn’t be. Good compost has\nan earthy aroma to it. If it has an offensive smell like ammonia or sulfur, it\nis not “cooking” properly. In order for compost to cook properly, you need a\ngood mix of heat, moisture, and oxygen in your pile so that bacteria and\nmicroorganisms can do their job.\n\nBacteria begin the composting process. Aerobic bacteria need air to live,\nwhile anaerobic bacteria can survive without it. Both aid in the decay of\norganic material, but the aerobic bacteria are particularly helpful because\nthey work faster than their anaerobic cousins and do not produce an odor while\nworking. If your compost pile begins to smell, that usually means that your\naerobic friends are not getting enough oxygen. The solution? Get a pitchfork\nand turn your pile.\n\n### Can I compost in winter?\n\nYes, you can compost throughout winter. Of course, with lower temperatures,\nthe process will significantly slow down. During mild winter days, the\nmicroorganisms in compost will continue to eat. Just like us, though, they\nmove a little slower on really cold days.\n\n### What types of things can I put in my compost pile?\n\nAlmost anything organic will break down into compost. Grass clippings, leaves,\nfarm animal manure, kitchen peelings, coffee grounds, and eggshells are among\nthe usual suspects found in a compost pile. However, many people overlook\nother everyday items.\n\nOne evening after a potluck dinner, I mentioned to a friend that I would put\nthe leftover cabbage into my compost pile. She looked shocked and exclaimed,\n“But it’s cooked!” I replied, “Well, it may be cooked but it’s organic\nvegetable matter, and the bacteria and earthworms will not know the\ndifference.”\n\nOther items to include that may not be so obvious are newspaper, sawdust,\nbread, cooked pasta, and weeds (before they go to seed). Wood and wood\nproducts like paper or sawdust take longer to break down, but they eventually\ndecompose. Also, most newspapers have moved to a vegetable-based ink, so there\nare no concerns about composting newsprint.\n\n### What types of things should I avoid putting in my compost pile?\n\nThere are a few items that should never go into a compost pile. Diseased\nplants (dead or alive) shouldn’t be composted because they can spread the\ndisease further. If you have applied chemicals like herbicides or pesticides\nto your lawn, those grass clippings shouldn’t be composted either. Perennial\nweeds, like dandelions, should be discarded as well.\n\n### Does it matter in what order I add organic materials?\n\nMost gardeners have heard about layering their compost: a layer of dry\ningredients (usually leaves), then a layer of moist ingredients (grass\nclippings or kitchen peelings), and so on. In an ideal world, gardeners would\nlayer their compost because they would have the time and the energy. Truth be\ntold, Mother Nature and her workers have composted for millennia, and they\nhave never layered. Admittedly, though, the process is faster if your\ningredients are layered.\n\n### Should my compost pile be in the sun or in the shade?\n\nYou can put your compost pile in the sun or in the shade, but putting it in\nthe sun will hasten the composting process. Sun helps increase the\ntemperature, so the bacteria and fungi work faster. This also means that your\npile will dry out faster, especially in warm southern climates. If you do\nplace your pile in full sun, just remember to keep it moist as it heats up.\n\n### Do I have to turn the compost pile?\n\nI once told a neighbor who asked me this question that she had to turn her\ncompost pile. I learned later that she decided not to compost at all that\nseason because she didn’t have time to turn it. I’ve since clarified that\nstatement by adding that you have to turn your pile if you want to have\ncompost fairly quickly; turning hastens the process. But you don’t have to do\nit. It’s possible that, without turning, the compost will begin to smell as\nthe anaerobic bacteria start to do their thing.\n\n### Do I need to buy a compost bin?\n\nNo. Mother Nature has never used a compost bin, and she turns out the best\ncompost around. However, homemade bins (out of wood or wire fencing) help you\nbuild and confine your pile. The plastic tumbling compost bins are also a nice\nluxury, if you can afford it. They make turning effortless, the compost is\neasily accessible, and, better yet, they speed up the process. With a tumbling\nbin, you can have compost ready in a few months, whereas leaving it to Mother\nNature may take an entire gardening season. The choice is yours. Either way,\nI’m sure you’ll find composting to be easy and rewarding. There are many good\nreasons to begin composting, and it’s always gratifying for me to see how much\nmy garden flourishes.\n\n### Most Popular\n\n 1. ## 10 Plants for Year-round Containers\n\n 2. ## Pruning Hydrangeas\n\n 3. ## How to Prune Hydrangeas\n\n 4. ## Pruning Crape Myrtles\n\n 5. ## 10 Ground Covers for Shade\n\nGet our latest tips, how-to articles, and instructional videos sent to your\ninbox.\n\nX\n\nView Comments\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Himanshu0709 05/20/2019\n\nIf you were looking for some best word game then I have the best word game to\nplay just from here play scrabble word finder cheat that you use to solve the\nword puzzle.\n\n 2. BreanaM 04/23/2020\n\nThanks for sharing this helpful tips, I really need this especially first\ntimer to do gardening. Great post! https://www.centralalbertatowing.ca/\n\n 3. BreanaM 06/02/2020\n\nThis is greatly helpful info, thanks so much for sharing this here. tree care\n\n 4. BreanaM 09/18/2020\n\nGlad to visit this site again. innomineral.com/\n\n 5. gregwhite526 11/24/2020\n\nI am a gardener and I like the information I got in this article regarding\ncompost. supplements for energy\n\n 6. gregwhite526 01/20/2021\n\nI always have compost as fertilizer for my vegetables and herb. click\n\n### Log in or create an account to post a comment.\n\nSign up Log in\n\n### Related Articles\n\n * ## Critters in Your Compost?\n\n * ## Thoughts on Compost Activators and Inoculators\n\n * ## Demystifying Compost\n\n * ## Brewing Compost Tea\n\n# The Latest\n\nSponsored\n\nPodcast: Let's Argue About Plants\n\n## Episode 85: Fragrant Plants\n\nAlternate titles for this episode: Plants That Stink or Smell This Episode.\nKidding aside, lovely smelling plants are a bonus that every garden deserves.\nWe all spend so much time...\n\nDesign\n\n## Fine Gardening 200th Issue Celebration Sweepstakes\n\nThis summer, Fine Gardening will celebrate its 200th issue! 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Log in\n\n#### We hope you’ve enjoyed your free articles. To keep reading, become a\nmember today.\n\nGet complete site access to decades of expert advice, regional content, and\nmore, plus the print magazine.\n\nStart your FREE trial\n\nAlready a member? Log in\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.oregonmetro.gov/tools-living/yard-and-garden/composting/composting-methods", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210812052738/https://www.oregonmetro.gov/tools-living/yard-and-garden/composting/composting-methods", "parsed_text": { "title": "Composting methods", "passages": [ "Which one is right for you? No-fuss, hot and worm composting all can produce great compost for your garden while helping you reduce waste at home.", "The materials you want to compost, the amount of space you have and your desired effort level can guide your choice.", "This is the easiest method for composting yard trimmings alone or mixed with fruit and vegetable trimmings and requires relatively little garden space (about 3 feet by 3 feet) in sun or shade. For yard trimmings only, you can use an open pile or a simple holding bin made of wire mesh or salvaged lumber.", "Simply add chopped browns and greens to the bin or pile as you generate them. Be sure to mix moist green materials such as fruits, vegetables and grass clippings into the dryer materials of the pile so as not to attract pests. In four to 12 months you should have soil-like compost to harvest at the bottom of the pile.", "Hot composting requires a bit more effort and space but is the fastest method for composting yard trimmings alone or mixed with fruit and vegetable trimmings. It can also kill weed seeds and plant diseases.", "A two- or three-bin system that allows access to the compost for turning is ideal for hot composting. Mix alternating layers of brown (high carbon) and green (high-nitrogen) materials in a 2-1 or 1-1 ratio, and dampen the pile as you go. Fill the entire bin with this mixture.", "Just after the pile temperature peaks and decreases significantly (usually within one week), turn and mix the materials into the next bin. Repeat a few times, then let compost cure for several weeks. If the material in the pile seems dry, add more water; if it didn’t get hot initially, add more high- nitrogen material (or nitrogen fertilizer). The whole process commonly takes one to three months. Compost is finished when it is cool and looks nice and brown.", "Whether your roots in the region run generations deep or you moved to Oregon last week, you have your own reasons for loving this place – and Metro wants to keep it that way. Help shape the future of the greater Portland region and discover tools, services and places that make life better today." ] }, "parsed_md": "Composting methods | Metro\n\nSkip to page content\n\n * Go to the main menu\n * Go to the search form\n\nMetro\n\n## Main menu\n\n## Tools for Living\n\n * Garbage and recycling\n * Healthy home\n * Yard and garden\n * Getting around\n\n## Yard and garden\n\n * Home /\n * Tools for Living /\n * Yard and garden /\n * Composting\n\n# Composting methods\n\nWhich one is right for you? No-fuss, hot and worm composting all can produce\ngreat compost for your garden while helping you reduce waste at home.\n\nThe materials you want to compost, the amount of space you have and your\ndesired effort level can guide your choice.\n\n## No-fuss composting\n\nThis is the easiest method for composting yard trimmings alone or mixed with\nfruit and vegetable trimmings and requires relatively little garden space\n(about 3 feet by 3 feet) in sun or shade. For yard trimmings only, you can use\nan open pile or a simple holding bin made of wire mesh or salvaged lumber.\n\nIf adding fruit and vegetable trimmings, use a rodent-resistant bin.\n\nSimply add chopped browns and greens to the bin or pile as you generate them.\nBe sure to mix moist green materials such as fruits, vegetables and grass\nclippings into the dryer materials of the pile so as not to attract pests. In\nfour to 12 months you should have soil-like compost to harvest at the bottom\nof the pile.\n\n## Hot composting\n\nHot composting requires a bit more effort and space but is the fastest method\nfor composting yard trimmings alone or mixed with fruit and vegetable\ntrimmings. It can also kill weed seeds and plant diseases.\n\nA two- or three-bin system that allows access to the compost for turning is\nideal for hot composting. Mix alternating layers of brown (high carbon) and\ngreen (high-nitrogen) materials in a 2-1 or 1-1 ratio, and dampen the pile as\nyou go. Fill the entire bin with this mixture.\n\nJust after the pile temperature peaks and decreases significantly (usually\nwithin one week), turn and mix the materials into the next bin. Repeat a few\ntimes, then let compost cure for several weeks. If the material in the pile\nseems dry, add more water; if it didn’t get hot initially, add more high-\nnitrogen material (or nitrogen fertilizer). The whole process commonly takes\none to three months. Compost is finished when it is cool and looks nice and\nbrown.\n\n## Worm bins\n\nLearn now to compost with a worm bin.\n\n## Do it yourself\n\n * Build a compost bin\n\n### Build a compost bin\n\nWith wood and wire, build a single bin or a three-bin system for backyard\ncomposting.\n\nRead more\n\n * Buy a composter\n\n### Buy a composter\n\nMetro sells compost bins to turn your food scraps and yard debris into a\ngarden-boosting soil amendment.\n\nRead more\n\nBack to top\n\n## Contact\n\nContact: Ask Metro\n\nPhone: 503-234-3000\n\nLink:\n\nSend a message\n\nAsk an Oregon State University Extension Service Master Gardener in person, on\nthe phone or online.\n\n## Sign up for monthly yard and garden tips\n\nBack to top\n\n## Feedback\n\nTake our visitor satisfaction poll.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Footer Menu\n\nWhether your roots in the region run generations deep or you moved to Oregon\nlast week, you have your own reasons for loving this place – and Metro wants\nto keep it that way. Help shape the future of the greater Portland region and\ndiscover tools, services and places that make life better today.\n\n## Contact Metro\n\n * 503-797-1700\n * 503-797-1804 TDD\n * Send a message\n\n## Connect with Metro\n\nSubscribe to Metro News\n\nMore subscription options\n\n## Find Metro on\n\nFacebook Twitter YouTube LinkedIn Instagram\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.portlandoregon.gov/bps/article/402972", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191224125506/https://www.portlandoregon.gov/bps/article/402972", "parsed_text": { "title": "The City of Portland, Oregon", "passages": [ "Holiday schedule changes and tips for trees and extra trash. Plus, Recycle or Not? Highlights of the most confusing items.", "Put only food scraps, yard debris, approved food-soiled paper and approved pail liners into your green Portland Composts! roll cart.", "YES! Food scraps include: Meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, bones, eggs and eggshells, cheese, dairy products, bread, baked goods, pasta, rice, beans, nuts, seeds, vegetables and fruit, table scraps, plate scrapings, leftovers, spoiled food, and the like. Other:* Put only these types of food-soiled paper in curbside compost roll carts: coffee filters, tea bags, paper napkins, paper towels and pizza delivery boxes (remove any plastic or wax paper).", "NO! Things to leave out: “Compostable” containers, non-approved compostable plastic bags, pet waste, animal bedding (including straw and chicken manure), animal carcasses from hunting and fishing waste, fireplace ashes, metal and glass, textiles, clothing, linens, shoes, household garbage, fast food wrappers, packaging, takeout containers and waxed paper, facial tissue.", "NO! Things to leave out: Dirt, rocks, sod, lumber, treated wood, sawdust, stumps, large branches (more than 4 in thick or 36 in long).", "While neither the City of Portland nor your garbage and recycling company provide kitchen pails, just about any container with a lid will work for collecting your food scraps. The key is to choose a size and location that makes it easy to use, to empty (into the green composting roll cart), and to keep clean. Metro sells the Sure Close kitchen composter for $8. Call 503-234-3000 for details.", "Use an optional liner in your kitchen compost container. You can contain food with a few sheets of newspaper, a paper bag or approved compostable bag to keep your food scraps from touching the inside of your green roll cart.", "Note: These approved compostable bags are designed to break down quickly and safely at composting facilities. Other compostable bags and regular plastic bags are NOT allowed.", "Place food scraps in a container in the freezer and add them to the green roll cart the night before your pickup.", "Empty and rinse out your container frequently, and sprinkle baking soda in it or rub vinegar on the inside of the lid to avoid odors and fruit flies.", "Use soap and water to clean the green roll cart. Pour dirty water onto grass or gravel, not down the storm drain.", "Green compost roll carts must be used first so drivers know to stop for collection. Additional yard debris cans, Kraft bags, or bundles should be placed near the roll cart. You will be charged $3.75 for each one you put out for collection. Extra yard debris can also be saved for your next pick up or taken to a compost facility. To use an extra can, bag or bundle:", "Use a 30-gallon brown Kraft two-ply yard debris paper bag that you can buy at your local grocery or hardware store. These bags compost with the yard debris.", "If you have a large amount of yard debris to dispose of, you can take the material to a yard debris processor or order a yard debris only drop box. Containers less than 3 cubic yards must be ordered from your garbage and recycling company.", "Drop boxes larger than 3 cubic yards can be provided by your garbage and recycling company or any permitted company or drop box company.", "Be sure to tell them the container is for yard debris only. There are specific weight limits for each container size and restrictions on the yard debris materials that can be placed in them. Be sure to get all the information and price quotes before delivery. Garbage or other restricted materials are not allowed in the drop box. You will incur additional charges if the container has to be taken to the transfer station for landfill disposal.", "Grow a healthy lawn and garden and reduce your yard waste by grasscycling. Leaving grass clippings on the lawn after you mow reduces clean-up time and the need for fertilizer. Clippings decompose and send valuable nutrients back to the soil.", "Mow frequently (every five to six days). Set your mower to cut at the recommended height for your type of lawn. Never shorten the grass by more than one-third.", "Yard debris and food scraps go to Oregon commercial composting facilities with specialized processes to quickly break down the organic matter - even meat scraps and bones. Compost from these businesses is sold to landscapers and other agricultural users and available to residents.", "Composting turns your yard trimmings and vegetable scraps into a nutrient-rich soil amendment for your yard and garden. When used as mulch, compost will reduce your need to water. Use it to enhance the soil, make a potting mixture, or mulch around plants and shrubs.", "Find resources, including how to make your own compost bin, purchase one at a local garden center or from Metro at reduced rates.", "Do not dispose of hazardous products in your green Portland Composts! roll cart. Learn how to dispose of hazardous waste." ] }, "parsed_md": "Portland Composts! | Residential – Houses and Smallplexes (2-4 units) | The\nCity of Portland, Oregon\n\nSkip to Main Content View Text-Only\n\n# The City of Portland, Oregon\n\n * Sign In\n\n * Increase Text Size\n * Decrease Text Size\n * Reset Text Size\n\n# Planning and Sustainability\n\n## Innovation. Collaboration. Practical Solutions.\n\nPhone: 503-823-7700\n\nCurbside Hotline: 503-823-7202\n\n1900 SW 4th Ave, Suite 7100, Portland, OR 97201\n\nMore Contact Info\n\n# Curbsider (Winter 2019)\n\nHoliday schedule changes and tips for trees and extra trash. Plus, Recycle or\nNot? Highlights of the most confusing items.\n\nRead More...\n\n# Most Popular\n\nView Less\n\n# Most Recent\n\nView Less\n\n# Portland Composts!\n\n## Curbside Composting Basics\n\n * Yard debris and food scraps are picked up weekly.\n * Set out your roll cart for pickup every week – even if it's not full.\n * Do not pack tightly; contents must fall freely from the roll cart.\n * Weight limit is 135 lbs.\n * Containers at the curb by 6 a.m. Empty containers should be removed from curb within 24 hours.\n * Put only food scraps, yard debris, approved food-soiled paper and approved pail liners into your green Portland Composts! roll cart.\n * Do not set your kitchen compost container out at the curb.\n\nYES! Food scraps include: Meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, bones, eggs and\neggshells, cheese, dairy products, bread, baked goods, pasta, rice, beans,\nnuts, seeds, vegetables and fruit, table scraps, plate scrapings, leftovers,\nspoiled food, and the like. Other:* Put only these types of food-soiled paper\nin curbside compost roll carts: coffee filters, tea bags, paper napkins, paper\ntowels and pizza delivery boxes (remove any plastic or wax paper).\n\nNO! Things to leave out: “Compostable” containers, non-approved compostable\nplastic bags, pet waste, animal bedding (including straw and chicken manure),\nanimal carcasses from hunting and fishing waste, fireplace ashes, metal and\nglass, textiles, clothing, linens, shoes, household garbage, fast food\nwrappers, packaging, takeout containers and waxed paper, facial tissue.\n\nYES! Yard debris includes: Weeds, leaves, vines, grass, small branches,\nflowers, house plants, plant clippings, fallen tree fruit, pumpkins.\n\nNO! Things to leave out: Dirt, rocks, sod, lumber, treated wood, sawdust,\nstumps, large branches (more than 4 in thick or 36 in long).\n\nKitchen compost container\n\nWhile neither the City of Portland nor your garbage and recycling company\nprovide kitchen pails, just about any container with a lid will work for\ncollecting your food scraps. The key is to choose a size and location that\nmakes it easy to use, to empty (into the green composting roll cart), and to\nkeep clean. Metro sells the Sure Close kitchen composter for $8. Call\n503-234-3000 for details.\n\nUse an optional liner in your kitchen compost container. You can contain food\nwith a few sheets of newspaper, a paper bag or approved compostable bag to\nkeep your food scraps from touching the inside of your green roll cart.\n\nLook for these approved brands at a local grocery or hardware stores:\n\n * BioBag \"Certified Compostable\"\n * EcNow Tech \"Compost Me\"\n * EcoSafe \"6400 Line\"\n * Glad \"Compostable Kitchen\"\n * Natur-Tec \"Natur-Bag Compostable\"\n\nNote: These approved compostable bags are designed to break down quickly and\nsafely at composting facilities. Other compostable bags and regular plastic\nbags are NOT allowed.\n\n### Tips for food scrap collection\n\n * View videos on how to collect and compost food scraps, and how to keep containers clean.\n\n * Drain as much liquid as possible from food before putting in your container.\n\n * Wrap the food in newspaper and then place in your container.\n\n * Place food scraps in a container in the freezer and add them to the green roll cart the night before your pickup.\n\n * Empty and rinse out your container frequently, and sprinkle baking soda in it or rub vinegar on the inside of the lid to avoid odors and fruit flies.\n\n * Layer food scraps in between yard debris to reduce odors and to contain messier foods.\n\n * Store your cart in the shade in warm weather.\n\n * Use soap and water to clean the green roll cart. Pour dirty water onto grass or gravel, not down the storm drain.\n\n * Get your green roll cart cleaned for $13.75. Contact your garbage and recycling company to request this service.\n\n## Extra yard debris\n\nGreen compost roll carts must be used first so drivers know to stop for\ncollection. Additional yard debris cans, Kraft bags, or bundles should be\nplaced near the roll cart. You will be charged $3.75 for each one you put out\nfor collection. Extra yard debris can also be saved for your next pick up or\ntaken to a compost facility. To use an extra can, bag or bundle:\n\n32-Gallon Can\n\n * Weight limit is 55 lbs.\n * Label can with Yard Debris Only sticker.\n\n30-Gallon Kraft Paper Bag (no plastic bags)\n\n * Weight limit is 45 lbs.\n * Use a 30-gallon brown Kraft two-ply yard debris paper bag that you can buy at your local grocery or hardware store. These bags compost with the yard debris.\n * Because Kraft bags are made from paper, avoid putting wet debris in the bottom of the bag.\n * Keep in a dry place until pickup day to prevent the bottom from falling out.\n\nBundles\n\n * Weight limit is 45 lbs.\n * Bundles must be tied securely with string or twine. Do not use wire.\n * Branches cannot exceed 36 inches in length and 4 inches in diameter.\n\nLarge amounts of yard debris\n\nIf you have a large amount of yard debris to dispose of, you can take the\nmaterial to a yard debris processor or order a yard debris only drop box.\nContainers less than 3 cubic yards must be ordered from your garbage and\nrecycling company.\n\nDrop boxes larger than 3 cubic yards can be provided by your garbage and\nrecycling company or any permitted company or drop box company.\n\nBe sure to tell them the container is for yard debris only. There are specific\nweight limits for each container size and restrictions on the yard debris\nmaterials that can be placed in them. Be sure to get all the information and\nprice quotes before delivery. Garbage or other restricted materials are not\nallowed in the drop box. You will incur additional charges if the container\nhas to be taken to the transfer station for landfill disposal.\n\nYard debris reduction tips\n\nGrow a healthy lawn and garden and reduce your yard waste by grasscycling.\nLeaving grass clippings on the lawn after you mow reduces clean-up time and\nthe need for fertilizer. Clippings decompose and send valuable nutrients back\nto the soil.\n\nMow frequently (every five to six days). Set your mower to cut at the\nrecommended height for your type of lawn. Never shorten the grass by more than\none-third.\n\nLearn more about how to manage pests, diseases and weeds in your garden\nwithout using pesticides.\n\nComposting facilities\n\nYard debris and food scraps go to Oregon commercial composting facilities with\nspecialized processes to quickly break down the organic matter - even meat\nscraps and bones. Compost from these businesses is sold to landscapers and\nother agricultural users and available to residents.\n\n * Finished compost can be purchased at the Recology facility in North Plains.\n * Portland residents can also purchase compost year-round from the City-operated Sunderland Recycling Facility, located at 9325 NE Sunderland Road.\n\nBackyard composting\n\nComposting turns your yard trimmings and vegetable scraps into a nutrient-rich\nsoil amendment for your yard and garden. When used as mulch, compost will\nreduce your need to water. Use it to enhance the soil, make a potting mixture,\nor mulch around plants and shrubs.\n\n * Metro offers great tips for backyard composting success.\n * Find resources, including how to make your own compost bin, purchase one at a local garden center or from Metro at reduced rates.\n\n## Reminders\n\n * Do not dispose of hazardous products in your green Portland Composts! roll cart. Learn how to dispose of hazardous waste.\n * Landlords are required to provide garbage and recycling service for tenants. Read our frequently asked questions for more information.\n * Never forget garbage week! Visit www.garbagedayreminders.com for schedule information and convenient email reminders.\n\nSee also:\n\n * Portland Recycles! – How to recycle at the curb.\n * Garbage Collection – Dispose of household items that can't be recycled or composted.\n * Rates and Service Options – You have options!\n * Frequently Asked Questions – Answers to common questions.\n * Ask a question – Send the Curbside Collection Hotline a message to get answers to your questions.\n\nBack to Top\n\n© Copyright 2019 City of Portland, Oregon, USA\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.finegardening.com/article/brewing-compost-tea", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191219003911/https://www.finegardening.com/article/brewing-compost-tea", "parsed_text": { "title": "Brewing Compost Tea", "passages": [ "Start with good compost, give it some water, some aeration, and some time, and you’ll have a multipurpose elixir for your garden.", "Gardeners all know compost is terrific stuff. But there’s something even better than plain old compost, and that’s compost tea. As the name implies, compost tea is made by steeping compost in water. It’s used as either a foliar spray or a soil drench, depending on where your plant has problems.", "Why go to the extra trouble of brewing, straining, and spraying a tea rather than just working compost into the soil? There are several reasons. First, compost tea makes the benefits of compost go farther. What’s more, when sprayed on the leaves, compost tea helps suppress foliar diseases, increases the amount of nutrients available to the plant, and speeds the breakdown of toxins. Using compost tea has even been shown to increase the nutritional quality and improve the flavor of vegetables. If you’ve been applying compost to your soil only in the traditional way, you’re missing out on a whole host of benefits.", "1. Attach one end of a piece of tubing to the pump; the other end will connect to the gang valve.2. Attach tubing to each of the three ports on the gang valve. Plug bubblers into the other ends.", "To brew compost tea, you will need a 5-gallon plastic bucket and a few aquarium supplies: a pump large enough to run three bubblers (also called air stones), several feet of air tubing, a gang valve (which distributes the air coming from the pump to the tubes going to the bubblers), and three bubblers. You’ll also need a stick for stirring the mixture, some unsulfured molasses (preferably organic), and an old pillowcase, tea towel, or nylon stocking for straining the tea. An extra bucket comes in handy for decanting the tea.", "Don’t try to make compost tea without the aeration equipment. If the tea is not aerated constantly, the organisms in it will quickly use up the oxygen, and the tea will start to stink and become anaerobic. An anaerobic tea can harm your plants.", "Also, keep in mind that tea made using this bucket method needs to brew for two or three days and then be used immediately. If you work Monday through Friday, start the tea on Wednesday or Thursday, so it will be ready in time to apply it on the weekend.", "If you’re on a well, you can use water straight from the spigot. But if you’re using city water, run the bubblers in it for about an hour first, to blow off any chlorine. Otherwise, the chlorine will kill all those beneficial organisms you’ve gone to the trouble of raising.", "3. For adequate aeration, be sure the bubblers sit on the bottom of the bucket, which is half filled with compost.4. Add water to within a couple of inches of the rim. If you’re using city water, aerate it first for an hour to get rid of any chlorine.", "Once you have safe water, fill the empty bucket half full of compost. Don’t pack it in; the bubblers need loose compost to aerate properly. Cut a length of tubing and attach one end to the pump and the other to the gang valve. Cut three more lengths of tubing long enough to reach comfortably from the rim to the bottom of the bucket. Connect each one to a port on the gang valve and push a bubbler into the other end.", "Hang the gang valve on the lip of the bucket and bury the bubblers at the bottom, under the compost. Fill the bucket to within 3 inches of the rim with water, and start the pump.", "5. To feed the microorganisms, add an ounce of unsulfured molasses (organic is best) to the bucket and stir.6. Stir vigorously a few times daily to shake free as many organisms as possible and to increase aeration. Reposition the bubblers after stirring so they’re well spaced.", "When it’s going, add 1 oz. of molasses, then stir vigorously with the stick. The molasses feeds the bacteria and gets the beneficial species growing really well. After stirring, you’ll need to rearrange the bubblers so they’re on the bottom and well spaced. Try to stir the tea at least a few times a day. A vigorous mixing with the stick shakes more organisms loose and into the tea. Every time you stir, be sure to reposition the bubblers.", "After three days, turn off the pump and remove the equipment. If you leave the tea aerating longer than three days, you must add more molasses or the good organisms will start going to sleep because they don’t have enough food to stay active. Let the brew sit until the compost is pretty much settled out, 10 to 20 minutes, then strain it into the other bucket or directly into your sprayer. You’ll have about 2 1/2 gallons of tea. If you want, this is the time to add foliar micronutrients, like kelp or rock dust. Use the tea right away, within the hour if possible.", "You can put the solids back on the compost pile or add them to the soil. There are plenty of good bacterial and fungal foods left in them.", "7. When the compost tea is finished brewing, in two or three days, strain it into another bucket–you’ll have about 2 1/2 gallons–and use it immediately.", "To make good compost tea, you need actively managed, mature compost; that is, compost that has been turned a few times and allowed to heat adequately so weed seeds and pathogens have been killed. Worm compost also makes excellent tea, without the hassle of turning or checking the temperature. Tea brewed from vermicompost that has been made from a fair amount of paper and woody materials is also high in humic acid, an organic substance that is especially good for potted citrus or other trees and shrubs, or perennial plants.", "When the center of the pile reaches about 155°F, it’s time to turn it. Mixing air into the pile brings the temperature down, but within a day it will climb back up.", "You can manipulate compost so it’s dominated either by bacteria or by fungi. Which one you want depends on what you’re growing and what kind of soil you have. You always want a bacteria-dominated compost tea for use as a foliar spray, whatever the plant. Bacteria-dominated compost is also best for applying to the soil before growing vegetables and herbs. Fungi-dominated compost is good for mulching around berries and fruit trees. But research has shown that a foliar spray of bacteria-dominated compost tea is extremely useful to prevent the foliar diseases that plague most gardens. Thus, most of us need only be concerned with making a bacteria-dominated compost tea.", "For bacteria to dominate, compost should be made from a preponderance of green materials. You need a mix of 25 percent high-nitrogen ingredients, 45 percent green ingredients, and 30 percent woody material. High-nitrogen materials include manure and legumes, such as alfalfa, pea, clover, or bean plant residues. Grass clippings from the first two or three cuttings in spring, when the blades are lush and tender, qualify as high-nitrogen; the rest of the season, they’re simply green material. Green material includes any green plant debris, kitchen scraps, and coffee grounds, which, although brown in color, contain sugars and proteins that bacteria love. Woody material includes wood chips, sawdust, paper plates and towels, and shredded newspaper.", "When making compost, measure your ingredients by volume. Try to mix a whole pile at a time. To get it up to temperature and keep it there, you need a mass that measures at least one cubic yard. Moisten the pile as you make it so that it is damp but not wet. An easy way to tell is to pick up a handful of the material and squeeze it as hard as you can; only one or two drops should be squeezed out. Less than that, add water; more than that, let it dry out.", "Once the pile is made, you can add kitchen scraps as they accumulate. Bury them in the center in different places to help maintain heat in the pile. Small additions don’t upset the ratio. If needed, you can balance the green additions with shredded newspaper or wood shavings.", "The pile will heat up right away, as microorganisms start breaking down the material. The pile must stay between 135°F and 160°F for three days. At 135°F, weed seeds, human pathogens, most plant pathogens, and most root-feeding nematodes are killed. The pile shouldn’t go above 160°F because at that temperature large numbers of the beneficial organisms begin to be killed.", "Within a day or two, the center should reach 135°F. Measure the temperature with a long-stemmed thermometer. A 20-inch compost thermometer is nice but not necessary; I use my turkey thermometer. Just be sure to stick the probe deep into the center of the pile. Take two or three readings from several areas of the pile each day for the first week when you first start making compost, so you get a feeling for what is normal. If you make the same mix again and again, after several batches you won’t have to monitor quite so closely.", "When the temperature gets to about 155°F, turn the pile with a pitchfork or a shovel. This mixes the cooler materials on the outside to the center and brings air into the pile, preventing anaerobic conditions. Within a day or so, the pile will be back up to 155°F, and you’ll need to turn it again. Expect to turn the pile every day or two for about the first week to get it and keep it in the 135° to 155°F range. After that, you can let it alone, maybe turning it once or twice more during the next few weeks. The more you turn the pile, the more the compost tends to become bacterial. That’s because any kind of disturbance destroys fungi by breaking up their mycelia and helps the bacteria beat the fungi by bringing the foods bacteria need into range for the tiny individual bacteria.", "As the compost matures, the temperature will drop gradually until, after six to eight weeks, the center of the pile is cool or barely warm to the touch. The compost is now ready.", "With any form of compost, solid or tea, bad smells mean bad business. Healthy, adequately oxygenated compost and compost tea should smell sweet and earthy. Never use a smelly compost tea on your plants. The true bugaboo is alcohol, a product of anaerobic decomposition that destroys cell walls. Roots tolerate only 1 part per million alcohol. That’s a very small amount, and human noses aren’t good at detecting it. Instead, we can detect all the other smelly compounds that go with anaerobic production of alcohol.", "If your compost tea smells bad, add a second pump with more bubblers, and stir it more often. Aerate it until the smell goes away. Likewise, if your compost pile smells bad, turn it more frequently.", "How often to spray your plants with tea depends on how healthy your garden is. In my garden, which has had no pesticide use since 1986, I spray my plants one time in spring, then let the beneficial insects spread the compost tea organisms around the plants in my garden, preventing any pest problems for the rest of the season.", "Beneficial insect presence is a good indicator of your garden’s health. If you don’t have good levels of beneficial insects in your garden, then spray at least once a month, or as often as once every two weeks. Start when plants have developed their first set of true leaves.", "To control damping-off, spray the soil with full-strength tea as soon as you plant. On trees and shrubs, spray two weeks before bud break, then every 10 to 14 days. You’ll have to spray every 10 days if you have a neighbor who sprays pesticides, because pesticides kill the beneficial organisms as well as some of the pests.", "If you’re not growing veggies, herbs, and/or fruits this year, you don’t know what you’re missing! If you need convincing, visit VegetableGardener.com .", "It’s not coffee—it’s tea. Well-brewed compost tea is rich in microorganisms that are highly beneficial to your plants’ growth and health.", "The soil is full of microorganisms that aid plant growth and plant health—bacteria and fungi, which are decomposers, and protozoa and beneficial nematodes, which are predators. But there are bad guys, too—disease-causing bacteria and fungi, protozoa, and root-feeding nematodes. Our goal as gardeners is to enhance the beneficial microorganisms in this soil foodweb, because they help our plants.", "The bad bacterial decomposers and the plant-toxic products they make are enhanced by anaerobic, or reduced-oxygen, conditions. By making sure the tea and the compost itself are well oxygenated and highly aerobic, you eliminate 75 percent of the potential plant-disease-causing bacteria and plant-toxic products. To take care of the other 25 percent of potential diseases and pests, you want to get good guys into the soil and on at least 60 to 70 percent of your plants’ leaves. Good bacteria work against the detrimental ones in four ways: They consume the bad guys, they may produce antibiotics that inhibit them, they compete for nutrients, and they compete for space.", "Plants themselves don’t use all of the energy they make through photosynthesis. For example, 60 percent of a vegetable plant’s energy goes to its root system, and half of that energy is exuded into the soil. Of those exudates, 90 percent are sugars; the rest are carbohydrates and proteins. When you think about these ingredients as food, they’re the makings for cake. This is high-energy stuff. Why is nearly one-third of a vegetable plant’s output going into the soil as energy-rich food? To feed the good bacteria and fungi.", "When we human beings kill off bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes, and other organisms, whether by polluting the air or by spraying pesticides or even by using chemical fertilizers, we’re reducing the population of critters that plants feed. That’s why one of the simplest and best things you can do for your garden is to spray your plants with compost tea, to bring back organisms killed by chemicals.", "Help! I used very stinky compost tea on all my vegetable plants. I watered very heavily about two hours prior. The plants are all about knee high and very healthy. Is this going to kill them?", "anaerobic tea will not kill your plants. People have been making anaerobic tea for thousands of years to great effect. Aerated tea is a modern invention.", "2. Eric_organic_grower 05/05/2019\nDear Mr Metronomic1, studies suggest you can get good results using the anaerobic method. Aerobic organisms do like to eat anaerobic food, but it's more complex than that. Don't know what's going on with the studies on aerated, logically it makes sense. Best Wishes Eric", "Most sources say to use about 1 cup of compost per 5 gallons of water. Why do you use so much more?", "I use about 4 cups of compost per 5 gallon brew. I bubble it with a special aerator made by TeaLAB for at least 18 hours. I feed the microbes with fish powder. My plants seem to love it.", "I have read that an aquarium pump does not work and a more expensive (approx $40 pump is needed). What is your opinion on this issue?", "What about the PH of the tea, does it need to be adjusted? Is there tea for soil and another for hydroponics?", "2. pharmerdavid 06/14/2017\nInoculate it with fungus mycorrhizae, which makes it more nutritious AND brings down the PH, making it healthier for most plants (especially cannabis!).", "Compost tea is just a magnificent way to save the plants while covering them with such beneficial microorganisms and feeding the roots with an organic fertilizer. I wrote the whole essay about how to use oxygen-loving bacteria and can get your essay here in 6 yours", "i found your article very interesting. thank you for sharing lovely post here. keep sharing. and we will love come back to your website. thanks also have a look at my website Dial Printer Support", "I am interested in types write-up. 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But there’s something even\nbetter than plain old compost, and that’s compost tea. As the name implies,\ncompost tea is made by steeping compost in water. It’s used as either a foliar\nspray or a soil drench, depending on where your plant has problems.\n\nWhy go to the extra trouble of brewing, straining, and spraying a tea rather\nthan just working compost into the soil? There are several reasons. First,\ncompost tea makes the benefits of compost go farther. What’s more, when\nsprayed on the leaves, compost tea helps suppress foliar diseases, increases\nthe amount of nutrients available to the plant, and speeds the breakdown of\ntoxins. Using compost tea has even been shown to increase the nutritional\nquality and improve the flavor of vegetables. If you’ve been applying compost\nto your soil only in the traditional way, you’re missing out on a whole host\nof benefits.\n\nMore reading:\n\n * The Jury is Still Out on Compost Tea\n * Worm Composting\n * More Compost, Less Work\n * Building a Compost Bin\n\n### Supplies you will need\n\nTo brew compost tea, you’ll need a pump, some air tubing, a gang valve, and\nthree bubblers.\n\n * An aquarium pump large enough to run three bubblers or air stones\n * Several feet of tubing\n * A gang valve\n * Three bubblers\n * A stick to stir the mixture\n * Unsulfured molasses (preferrably organic)\n * Something to strain the tea, like an old pillowcase, tea towel, or a nylon stocking\n * A bucket\n\n### How to brew compost tea\n\n1\\. Attach one end of a piece of tubing to the pump; the other end will\nconnect to the gang valve.2\\. Attach tubing to each of the three ports on the\ngang valve. Plug bubblers into the other ends.\n\nTo brew compost tea, you will need a 5-gallon plastic bucket and a few\naquarium supplies: a pump large enough to run three bubblers (also called air\nstones), several feet of air tubing, a gang valve (which distributes the air\ncoming from the pump to the tubes going to the bubblers), and three bubblers.\nYou’ll also need a stick for stirring the mixture, some unsulfured molasses\n(preferably organic), and an old pillowcase, tea towel, or nylon stocking for\nstraining the tea. An extra bucket comes in handy for decanting the tea.\n\nDon’t try to make compost tea without the aeration equipment. If the tea is\nnot aerated constantly, the organisms in it will quickly use up the oxygen,\nand the tea will start to stink and become anaerobic. An anaerobic tea can\nharm your plants.\n\nAlso, keep in mind that tea made using this bucket method needs to brew for\ntwo or three days and then be used immediately. If you work Monday through\nFriday, start the tea on Wednesday or Thursday, so it will be ready in time to\napply it on the weekend.\n\nIf you’re on a well, you can use water straight from the spigot. But if you’re\nusing city water, run the bubblers in it for about an hour first, to blow off\nany chlorine. Otherwise, the chlorine will kill all those beneficial organisms\nyou’ve gone to the trouble of raising.\n\n3\\. For adequate aeration, be sure the bubblers sit on the bottom of the\nbucket, which is half filled with compost.4\\. Add water to within a couple of\ninches of the rim. If you’re using city water, aerate it first for an hour to\nget rid of any chlorine.\n\nOnce you have safe water, fill the empty bucket half full of compost. Don’t\npack it in; the bubblers need loose compost to aerate properly. Cut a length\nof tubing and attach one end to the pump and the other to the gang valve. Cut\nthree more lengths of tubing long enough to reach comfortably from the rim to\nthe bottom of the bucket. Connect each one to a port on the gang valve and\npush a bubbler into the other end.\n\nHang the gang valve on the lip of the bucket and bury the bubblers at the\nbottom, under the compost. Fill the bucket to within 3 inches of the rim with\nwater, and start the pump.\n\n5\\. To feed the microorganisms, add an ounce of unsulfured molasses (organic\nis best) to the bucket and stir.6\\. Stir vigorously a few times daily to shake\nfree as many organisms as possible and to increase aeration. Reposition the\nbubblers after stirring so they’re well spaced.\n\nWhen it’s going, add 1 oz. of molasses, then stir vigorously with the stick.\nThe molasses feeds the bacteria and gets the beneficial species growing really\nwell. After stirring, you’ll need to rearrange the bubblers so they’re on the\nbottom and well spaced. Try to stir the tea at least a few times a day. A\nvigorous mixing with the stick shakes more organisms loose and into the tea.\nEvery time you stir, be sure to reposition the bubblers.\n\nAfter three days, turn off the pump and remove the equipment. If you leave the\ntea aerating longer than three days, you must add more molasses or the good\norganisms will start going to sleep because they don’t have enough food to\nstay active. Let the brew sit until the compost is pretty much settled out, 10\nto 20 minutes, then strain it into the other bucket or directly into your\nsprayer. You’ll have about 2 1/2 gallons of tea. If you want, this is the time\nto add foliar micronutrients, like kelp or rock dust. Use the tea right away,\nwithin the hour if possible.\n\nYou can put the solids back on the compost pile or add them to the soil. There\nare plenty of good bacterial and fungal foods left in them.\n\n7\\. When the compost tea is finished brewing, in two or three days, strain it\ninto another bucket–you’ll have about 2 1/2 gallons–and use it immediately.\n\n### What about worms?\n\nWondering about worm castings? Here is a good videos to watch about building a\nworm bin: Worm Composting\n\n### Use the right kind of compost\n\nTo make good compost tea, you need actively managed, mature compost; that is,\ncompost that has been turned a few times and allowed to heat adequately so\nweed seeds and pathogens have been killed. Worm compost also makes excellent\ntea, without the hassle of turning or checking the temperature. Tea brewed\nfrom vermicompost that has been made from a fair amount of paper and woody\nmaterials is also high in humic acid, an organic substance that is especially\ngood for potted citrus or other trees and shrubs, or perennial plants.\n\nWhen the center of the pile reaches about 155°F, it’s time to turn it. Mixing\nair into the pile brings the temperature down, but within a day it will climb\nback up.\n\nYou can manipulate compost so it’s dominated either by bacteria or by fungi.\nWhich one you want depends on what you’re growing and what kind of soil you\nhave. You always want a bacteria-dominated compost tea for use as a foliar\nspray, whatever the plant. Bacteria-dominated compost is also best for\napplying to the soil before growing vegetables and herbs. Fungi-dominated\ncompost is good for mulching around berries and fruit trees. But research has\nshown that a foliar spray of bacteria-dominated compost tea is extremely\nuseful to prevent the foliar diseases that plague most gardens. Thus, most of\nus need only be concerned with making a bacteria-dominated compost tea.\n\nFor bacteria to dominate, compost should be made from a preponderance of green\nmaterials. You need a mix of 25 percent high-nitrogen ingredients, 45 percent\ngreen ingredients, and 30 percent woody material. High-nitrogen materials\ninclude manure and legumes, such as alfalfa, pea, clover, or bean plant\nresidues. Grass clippings from the first two or three cuttings in spring, when\nthe blades are lush and tender, qualify as high-nitrogen; the rest of the\nseason, they’re simply green material. Green material includes any green plant\ndebris, kitchen scraps, and coffee grounds, which, although brown in color,\ncontain sugars and proteins that bacteria love. Woody material includes wood\nchips, sawdust, paper plates and towels, and shredded newspaper.\n\nWhen making compost, measure your ingredients by volume. Try to mix a whole\npile at a time. To get it up to temperature and keep it there, you need a mass\nthat measures at least one cubic yard. Moisten the pile as you make it so that\nit is damp but not wet. An easy way to tell is to pick up a handful of the\nmaterial and squeeze it as hard as you can; only one or two drops should be\nsqueezed out. Less than that, add water; more than that, let it dry out.\n\nOnce the pile is made, you can add kitchen scraps as they accumulate. Bury\nthem in the center in different places to help maintain heat in the pile.\nSmall additions don’t upset the ratio. If needed, you can balance the green\nadditions with shredded newspaper or wood shavings.\n\n### A good compost pile really cooks\n\nThe pile will heat up right away, as microorganisms start breaking down the\nmaterial. The pile must stay between 135°F and 160°F for three days. At 135°F,\nweed seeds, human pathogens, most plant pathogens, and most root-feeding\nnematodes are killed. The pile shouldn’t go above 160°F because at that\ntemperature large numbers of the beneficial organisms begin to be killed.\n\nWithin a day or two, the center should reach 135°F. Measure the temperature\nwith a long-stemmed thermometer. A 20-inch compost thermometer is nice but not\nnecessary; I use my turkey thermometer. Just be sure to stick the probe deep\ninto the center of the pile. Take two or three readings from several areas of\nthe pile each day for the first week when you first start making compost, so\nyou get a feeling for what is normal. If you make the same mix again and\nagain, after several batches you won’t have to monitor quite so closely.\n\nWhen the temperature gets to about 155°F, turn the pile with a pitchfork or a\nshovel. This mixes the cooler materials on the outside to the center and\nbrings air into the pile, preventing anaerobic conditions. Within a day or so,\nthe pile will be back up to 155°F, and you’ll need to turn it again. Expect to\nturn the pile every day or two for about the first week to get it and keep it\nin the 135° to 155°F range. After that, you can let it alone, maybe turning it\nonce or twice more during the next few weeks. The more you turn the pile, the\nmore the compost tends to become bacterial. That’s because any kind of\ndisturbance destroys fungi by breaking up their mycelia and helps the bacteria\nbeat the fungi by bringing the foods bacteria need into range for the tiny\nindividual bacteria.\n\nAs the compost matures, the temperature will drop gradually until, after six\nto eight weeks, the center of the pile is cool or barely warm to the touch.\nThe compost is now ready.\n\n### Follow your nose\n\nWith any form of compost, solid or tea, bad smells mean bad business. Healthy,\nadequately oxygenated compost and compost tea should smell sweet and earthy.\nNever use a smelly compost tea on your plants. The true bugaboo is alcohol, a\nproduct of anaerobic decomposition that destroys cell walls. Roots tolerate\nonly 1 part per million alcohol. That’s a very small amount, and human noses\naren’t good at detecting it. Instead, we can detect all the other smelly\ncompounds that go with anaerobic production of alcohol.\n\nIf your compost tea smells bad, add a second pump with more bubblers, and stir\nit more often. Aerate it until the smell goes away. Likewise, if your compost\npile smells bad, turn it more frequently.\n\n### Using the tea\n\nHow often to spray your plants with tea depends on how healthy your garden is.\nIn my garden, which has had no pesticide use since 1986, I spray my plants one\ntime in spring, then let the beneficial insects spread the compost tea\norganisms around the plants in my garden, preventing any pest problems for the\nrest of the season.\n\nBeneficial insect presence is a good indicator of your garden’s health. If you\ndon’t have good levels of beneficial insects in your garden, then spray at\nleast once a month, or as often as once every two weeks. Start when plants\nhave developed their first set of true leaves.\n\nTo control damping-off, spray the soil with full-strength tea as soon as you\nplant. On trees and shrubs, spray two weeks before bud break, then every 10 to\n14 days. You’ll have to spray every 10 days if you have a neighbor who sprays\npesticides, because pesticides kill the beneficial organisms as well as some\nof the pests.\n\nIf you’re not growing veggies, herbs, and/or fruits this year, you don’t know\nwhat you’re missing! If you need convincing, visit VegetableGardener.com .\n\n### A little science\n\nIt’s not coffee—it’s tea. Well-brewed compost tea is rich in microorganisms\nthat are highly beneficial to your plants’ growth and health.\n\nThe soil is full of microorganisms that aid plant growth and plant\nhealth—bacteria and fungi, which are decomposers, and protozoa and beneficial\nnematodes, which are predators. But there are bad guys, too—disease-causing\nbacteria and fungi, protozoa, and root-feeding nematodes. Our goal as\ngardeners is to enhance the beneficial microorganisms in this soil foodweb,\nbecause they help our plants.\n\nThe bad bacterial decomposers and the plant-toxic products they make are\nenhanced by anaerobic, or reduced-oxygen, conditions. By making sure the tea\nand the compost itself are well oxygenated and highly aerobic, you eliminate\n75 percent of the potential plant-disease-causing bacteria and plant-toxic\nproducts. To take care of the other 25 percent of potential diseases and\npests, you want to get good guys into the soil and on at least 60 to 70\npercent of your plants’ leaves. Good bacteria work against the detrimental\nones in four ways: They consume the bad guys, they may produce antibiotics\nthat inhibit them, they compete for nutrients, and they compete for space.\n\nPlants themselves don’t use all of the energy they make through\nphotosynthesis. For example, 60 percent of a vegetable plant’s energy goes to\nits root system, and half of that energy is exuded into the soil. Of those\nexudates, 90 percent are sugars; the rest are carbohydrates and proteins. When\nyou think about these ingredients as food, they’re the makings for cake. This\nis high-energy stuff. Why is nearly one-third of a vegetable plant’s output\ngoing into the soil as energy-rich food? To feed the good bacteria and fungi.\n\nWhen we human beings kill off bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes, and other\norganisms, whether by polluting the air or by spraying pesticides or even by\nusing chemical fertilizers, we’re reducing the population of critters that\nplants feed. That’s why one of the simplest and best things you can do for\nyour garden is to spray your plants with compost tea, to bring back organisms\nkilled by chemicals.\n\nGet our latest tips, how-to articles, and instructional videos sent to your\ninbox.\n\nView Comments\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. peachinwaiting69 06/17/2014\n\nHelp! I used very stinky compost tea on all my vegetable plants. I watered\nvery heavily about two hours prior. The plants are all about knee high and\nvery healthy. Is this going to kill them?\n\n 1. baldylocks00 05/22/2017\n\nno\n\n 2. metronomic1 06/23/2014\n\nanaerobic tea will not kill your plants. People have been making anaerobic tea\nfor thousands of years to great effect. Aerated tea is a modern invention.\n\n 1. mackjr1 07/31/2017\n\nThank you for that!\n\n 2. Eric_organic_grower 05/05/2019\n\nDear Mr Metronomic1, studies suggest you can get good results using the\nanaerobic method. Aerobic organisms do like to eat anaerobic food, but it's\nmore complex than that. Don't know what's going on with the studies on\naerated, logically it makes sense. Best Wishes Eric\n\nEric's Book Blog - https://ericfisher.blog\n\n 3. user-7007084 07/21/2014\n\nMost sources say to use about 1 cup of compost per 5 gallons of water. Why do\nyou use so much more?\n\n 4. user-7007251 10/07/2014\n\nI use about 4 cups of compost per 5 gallon brew. I bubble it with a special\naerator made by TeaLAB for at least 18 hours. I feed the microbes with fish\npowder. My plants seem to love it.\n\n 5. mokponnareay 10/13/2014\n\ni want to know about compost teas so much\n\n 6. user-7007445 03/20/2015\n\nI have read that an aquarium pump does not work and a more expensive (approx\n$40 pump is needed). What is your opinion on this issue?\n\n 1. baldylocks00 05/22/2017\n\nlol don't need pump\n\n 1. baldylocks00 05/22/2017\n\nkeep it simple stupid\n\n 7. jachwagon 05/21/2015\n\nCOMPOST TEA ROCKS!\n\n 8. user-7008533 05/06/2017\n\nWhat about the PH of the tea, does it need to be adjusted? Is there tea for\nsoil and another for hydroponics?\n\n 1. baldylocks00 05/22/2017\n\ni dilute it for hydroponics at least 50 percent\n\n 2. pharmerdavid 06/14/2017\n\nInoculate it with fungus mycorrhizae, which makes it more nutritious AND\nbrings down the PH, making it healthier for most plants (especially\ncannabis!).\n\n 9. michaeleaton 11/15/2018\n\nCompost tea is just a magnificent way to save the plants while covering them\nwith such beneficial microorganisms and feeding the roots with an organic\nfertilizer. I wrote the whole essay about how to use oxygen-loving bacteria\nand can get your essay here in 6 yours\n\n 10. jonsmith 12/06/2018\n\ni found your article very interesting. thank you for sharing lovely post here.\nkeep sharing. and we will love come back to your website. thanks also have a\nlook at my website Dial Printer Support\n\n 11. MrBigs12 12/09/2018\n\nI am interested in types write-up. It really is good for uncover individuals\nexplain in words about the heart along with knowing in this substantial style\nis generally merely found.\n\n 12. rajpurohitmahi007 12/10/2018\n\ni found your article very intresting. thank you for sharing this kind of\ninformation here.. i will keep reading your posts. thanks again have a look at\nmy webisite: onlinepharmacypill.com\n\n 13. hiteshbhati980 12/24/2018\n\nGreat Information and nice your posting Thanks! 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Our team at Geek Squad Tech Support is at your service\n24/7 with relevant solutions.\n\n 17. patios 04/26/2019\n\nInterest articles, if you need high quality instagram followers, please go\nhelpwyz.com\n\n 18. Eric_organic_grower 05/05/2019\n\nNice account. I'm scaling up to a barrel this year. Any idea where I can get\nhold of a gang valve in blighty ? Best E https://ericfisher.blog\n\n 19. Eric_organic_grower 05/05/2019\n\nOh, amazon of course. I working on the small holder level this year.\n\n 20. georgelurther 05/21/2019\n\nIf you are dealing with any kind of canon printer error? Don’t worry canon\nprinter offline fix team is here to help you. We solve your all issues related\nto printer instantly. Feel free to contact us any time on our toll – free\nnumber USA\\Canada: (+1) 8884800288, UK: (+44) 8000418324 or visit our website\nCanon Printer Offline.\n\n 21. Wilson221 05/30/2019\n\nNice Article\n\nIf you have any brother printer problem please visit our website\n\nhttps://www.brotherprintersupport.co.uk\n\nbrother printer not working brother printer support\n\n 22. stretchtents 09/15/2019\n\nyour article is very interesting. really nice post. keep posting this type of\nimportant post. lots of love from my family. we are tea lover.\n\nphone number database\n\nWhois Database Provider\n\n 23. dopinger 12/03/2019\n\nChoose one of our different work plans to suit your website and budget and\nstart watching your website's rise step by step! https://www.dopinger.com/\n\n### Log in or create an account to post a comment.\n\nSign up Log in\n\n### Related Articles\n\n * ## Critters in Your Compost?\n\n * ## Demystifying Compost\n\n * ## More Compost, Less Work\n\n * ## Building a Compost Bin\n\n# Member Exclusives\n\n### Fine Gardening All-Access\n\nSign up for a free trial and get instant access to our entire collection of\narticles, videos, and plant records.\n\nStart Free Trial\n\nLearn More\n\nAlready a member? 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1,702,016
How To Convert Feet to Yards
To convert feet to yards quickly and easily, you can divide the measurement in feet by 3 to convert it to yards because each yard contains 3 feet. For example, if you have a measurement of 12 feet, you would divide the number by 3 to convert the measurement to 4 yards. You can do the division in your head or use a calculator for larger numbers or measurements containing decimal points or fractions.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20200610013550/https://www.mathway.com/examples/basic-math/unit-conversions/converting-feet-to-yards?id=457", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170715003359/https://www.checkyourmath.com/convert/length/feet_yards.php", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160813083152/http://www.prenhall.com:80/divisions/esm/app/graphing/ti86/Home_screen/Menu_Keys/conversion/conversion.html" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.mathway.com/examples/basic-math/unit-conversions/converting-feet-to-yards", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200610013550/https://www.mathway.com/examples/basic-math/unit-conversions/converting-feet-to-yards?id=457", "parsed_text": { "title": "Basic Math Examples", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Basic Math Examples | Unit Conversions | Converting Feet to Yards\n\nMathway\n\nVisit Mathway on the web\n\nDownload free on Google Play\n\nDownload free on iTunes\n\nDownload free on Amazon\n\nDownload free in Windows Store\n\nEnter a problem...\n\nUpgrade\n\nAsk an Expert\n\nAbout\n\nHelp\n\nSign In\n\nSign Up\n\nHope that helps!\n\nYou're welcome!\n\nLet me take a look...\n\nYou'll be able to enter math problems once our session is over.\n\n# Basic Math Examples\n\nStep-by-Step Examples\n\nBasic Math\n\nUnit Conversions\n\nConvert to Yards\n\nConvert to by multiplying by .\n\nCancel the common units and simplify.\n\nTap for more steps...\n\nMultiply by .\n\nCancel the common factor of .\n\nTap for more steps...\n\nFactor out of .\n\nCancel the common factor.\n\nRewrite the expression.\n\nEnter YOUR Problem\n\n * About\n * Examples\n * Worksheet\n * Glossary\n * Classroom\n * Affiliates\n * Careers\n * Press\n * Privacy\n * Terms\n * Contact\n * Mathway © 2020\n\nMathway requires javascript and a modern browser.\n\nCookies & Privacy\n\nThis website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our\nwebsite.\n\nMore Information\n\nPlease ensure that your password is at least 8 characters and contains each of\nthe following:\n\n * a number\n * a letter\n * a special character: @$#!%*?&\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.checkyourmath.com/convert/length/feet_yards.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170715003359/https://www.checkyourmath.com/convert/length/feet_yards.php", "parsed_text": { "title": "Convert feet to yards, yards to feet - Length / Distance Conversions", "passages": [ "Online calculators to convert feet to yards (ft to yd) and yards to feet (yd to ft) with formulas, examples, and tables. Our conversions provide a quick and easy way to convert between Length or Distance units.", "How to convert feet to yards : Use the conversion calculator titled \"Convert feet to yards\". Enter a value in the feet field and click on the \"Calculate yards\" button. Your answer will appear in the yards field.", "How to convert yards to feet : Use the conversion calculator titled \"Convert yards to feet\". Enter a value in the yards field and click on the \"Calculate feet\" button. Your answer will appear in the feet field.", "A foot is a unit of Length or Distance in both US Customary Units as well as the Imperial System. The symbol for foot is ft or '. There are 3 feet in a yard.", "A yard is a unit of Length or Distance in both US Customary Units as well as the Imperial System. The symbol for yard is yd. There are 0.33333333 yards in a foot.", "Let's take a closer look at the conversion formulas so that you can do these conversions yourself with a calculator or with an old-fashioned pencil and paper.", "Next, let's look at some examples showing the work and calculations that are involved in converting from feet to yards (ft to yd) or converting from yards to feet (yd to ft).", "Task: Convert 27 feet to yards (show work) Formula: ft ÷ 3 = yd Calculations: 27 ft ÷ 3 = 9 yd Result: 27 ft is equal to 9 yd\nYard to Feet Conversion Example", "Task: Convert 5 yards to feet (show work) Formula: yd x 3 = ft Calculations: 5 yd x 3 = 15 ft Result: 5 yd is equal to 15 ft\nConversion Tables", "For quick reference purposes, below are conversion tables that you can use to convert from feet to yards, and yards to feet.", "feet (ft)| yards (yd) ---|--- 1 feet| 0.33333333 yards 2 feet| 0.66666667 yards 3 feet| 1 yards 4 feet| 1.33333333 yards 5 feet| 1.66666667 yards 6 feet| 2 yards 7 feet| 2.33333333 yards 8 feet| 2.66666667 yards 9 feet| 3 yards 10 feet| 3.33333333 yards 20 feet| 6.66666667 yards 30 feet| 10 yards 40 feet| 13.33333333 yards 50 feet| 16.66666667 yards 75 feet| 25 yards 100 feet| 33.33333333 yards 250 feet| 83.33333333 yards 500 feet| 166.66666667 yards 750 feet| 250 yards 1,000 feet| 333.33333333 yards 2,500 feet| 833.33333333 yards 5,000 feet| 1,666.66666667 yards 7,500 feet| 2,500 yards 10,000 feet| 3,333.33333333 yards 25,000 feet| 8,333.33333333 yards 50,000 feet| 16,666.66666667 yards 75,000 feet| 25,000 yards 100,000 feet| 33,333.33333333 yards 250,000 feet| 83,333.33333333 yards", "yards (yd)| feet (ft) ---|--- 1 yards| 3 feet 2 yards| 6 feet 3 yards| 9 feet 4 yards| 12 feet 5 yards| 15 feet 6 yards| 18 feet 7 yards| 21 feet 8 yards| 24 feet 9 yards| 27 feet 10 yards| 30 feet 20 yards| 60 feet 30 yards| 90 feet 40 yards| 120 feet 50 yards| 150 feet 75 yards| 225 feet 100 yards| 300 feet 250 yards| 750 feet 500 yards| 1,500 feet 750 yards| 2,250 feet 1,000 yards| 3,000 feet 2,500 yards| 7,500 feet 5,000 yards| 15,000 feet 7,500 yards| 22,500 feet 10,000 yards| 30,000 feet 25,000 yards| 75,000 feet 50,000 yards| 150,000 feet 75,000 yards| 225,000 feet 100,000 yards| 300,000 feet 250,000 yards| 750,000 feet", "Unit| Symbol| Measurement System| Description ---|---|---|--- inches| in or \"| US Customary Units/Imperial System feet| ft or '| US Customary Units/Imperial System| 1 foot = 12 inches yards| yd| US Customary Units/Imperial System| 1 yard = 3 feet miles| mi| US Customary Units/Imperial System| 1 mile = 1760 yards or 5280 feet picometers| pm| Metric System| 1 m = 1,000,000,000,000 pm nanometers| nm| Metric System| 1 m = 1,000,000,000 nm micrometers| μm| Metric System| 1 m = 1,000,000 μm millimeters| mm| Metric System| 1 m = 1,000 mm centimeters| cm| Metric System| 1 m = 100 cm decimeters| dm| Metric System| 1 m = 10 dm meters| m| Metric System| base unit decameters| dam or dkm| Metric System| 1 dam = 10 m hectometers| hm| Metric System| 1 hm = 100 m kilometers| km| Metric System| 1 km = 1,000 m megameters| Mm| Metric System| 1 Mm = 1,000,000 m gigameters| Gm| Metric System| 1 Gm = 1,000,000,000 m nautical miles| M or NM or nmi| Non-SI (International)| 1 nmi = 1,852 meters angstroms| Å| Non-SI (International)| 10,000,000,000 Å = 1 m" ] }, "parsed_md": "Convert feet to yards, yards to feet - Length / Distance Conversions\n\nAdvertisement\n\nCheckYourMath\n\n 1. About Us\n 2. Contact Us\n 3. Donate\n\nFollow us\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Length / Distance Conversions\n\n 1. CONVERSIONS\n 2. Angle\n 3. Area\n 4. Color Value\n 5. Data Rates\n 6. Digital Storage\n 7. Energy\n 8. Frequency\n 9. Fuel Economy\n 10. Length / Distance\n 11. Power / Electricity\n 12. Pressure\n 13. Speed / Velocity\n 14. Temperature\n 15. Time\n 16. Volume\n 17. Weight / Mass\n\n 1. MORE\n 2. Geometry\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# Convert feet to yards, yards to feet - Length / Distance Conversions\n\nOnline calculators to convert feet to yards (ft to yd) and yards to feet (yd\nto ft) with formulas, examples, and tables. Our conversions provide a quick\nand easy way to convert between Length or Distance units.\n\n## Conversion Calculators\n\nEnter your value in one of the conversion calculators below:\n\n### Convert feet to yards\n\n### Convert yards to feet\n\n* If the result of your conversion is 0, try increasing the \"Decimals\".\n\n« More Length / Distance Conversions\n\nHow to convert feet to yards : Use the conversion calculator titled \"Convert\nfeet to yards\". Enter a value in the feet field and click on the \"Calculate\nyards\" button. Your answer will appear in the yards field.\n\nHow to convert yards to feet : Use the conversion calculator titled \"Convert\nyards to feet\". Enter a value in the yards field and click on the \"Calculate\nfeet\" button. Your answer will appear in the feet field.\n\n## Conversion Definitions\n\nThe following is a list of definitions relating to conversions between feet\nand yards.\n\n### What is a foot (ft)?\n\nA foot is a unit of Length or Distance in both US Customary Units as well as\nthe Imperial System. The symbol for foot is ft or '. There are 3 feet in a\nyard.\n\n### What is a yard (yd)?\n\nA yard is a unit of Length or Distance in both US Customary Units as well as\nthe Imperial System. The symbol for yard is yd. There are 0.33333333 yards in\na foot.\n\n## Conversion Formulas\n\nLet's take a closer look at the conversion formulas so that you can do these\nconversions yourself with a calculator or with an old-fashioned pencil and\npaper.\n\nThe formula to convert from feet to yards is:\n\n \n \n yd = ft ÷ 3\n\nThe formula to convert from yards to feet is:\n\n \n \n ft = yd x 3\n\n## Conversion Examples\n\nNext, let's look at some examples showing the work and calculations that are\ninvolved in converting from feet to yards (ft to yd) or converting from yards\nto feet (yd to ft).\n\n### Feet to Yard Conversion Example\n\n \n \n Task: Convert 27 feet to yards (show work) Formula: ft ÷ 3 = yd Calculations: 27 ft ÷ 3 = 9 yd Result: 27 ft is equal to 9 yd\n\n### Yard to Feet Conversion Example\n\n \n \n Task: Convert 5 yards to feet (show work) Formula: yd x 3 = ft Calculations: 5 yd x 3 = 15 ft Result: 5 yd is equal to 15 ft\n\n## Conversion Tables\n\nFor quick reference purposes, below are conversion tables that you can use to\nconvert from feet to yards, and yards to feet.\n\n### Feet to Yards Conversion Chart\n\nfeet (ft)| yards (yd) \n---|--- \n1 feet| 0.33333333 yards \n2 feet| 0.66666667 yards \n3 feet| 1 yards \n4 feet| 1.33333333 yards \n5 feet| 1.66666667 yards \n6 feet| 2 yards \n7 feet| 2.33333333 yards \n8 feet| 2.66666667 yards \n9 feet| 3 yards \n10 feet| 3.33333333 yards \n20 feet| 6.66666667 yards \n30 feet| 10 yards \n40 feet| 13.33333333 yards \n50 feet| 16.66666667 yards \n75 feet| 25 yards \n100 feet| 33.33333333 yards \n250 feet| 83.33333333 yards \n500 feet| 166.66666667 yards \n750 feet| 250 yards \n1,000 feet| 333.33333333 yards \n2,500 feet| 833.33333333 yards \n5,000 feet| 1,666.66666667 yards \n7,500 feet| 2,500 yards \n10,000 feet| 3,333.33333333 yards \n25,000 feet| 8,333.33333333 yards \n50,000 feet| 16,666.66666667 yards \n75,000 feet| 25,000 yards \n100,000 feet| 33,333.33333333 yards \n250,000 feet| 83,333.33333333 yards \n \n### Yards to Feet Conversion Chart\n\nyards (yd)| feet (ft) \n---|--- \n1 yards| 3 feet \n2 yards| 6 feet \n3 yards| 9 feet \n4 yards| 12 feet \n5 yards| 15 feet \n6 yards| 18 feet \n7 yards| 21 feet \n8 yards| 24 feet \n9 yards| 27 feet \n10 yards| 30 feet \n20 yards| 60 feet \n30 yards| 90 feet \n40 yards| 120 feet \n50 yards| 150 feet \n75 yards| 225 feet \n100 yards| 300 feet \n250 yards| 750 feet \n500 yards| 1,500 feet \n750 yards| 2,250 feet \n1,000 yards| 3,000 feet \n2,500 yards| 7,500 feet \n5,000 yards| 15,000 feet \n7,500 yards| 22,500 feet \n10,000 yards| 30,000 feet \n25,000 yards| 75,000 feet \n50,000 yards| 150,000 feet \n75,000 yards| 225,000 feet \n100,000 yards| 300,000 feet \n250,000 yards| 750,000 feet \n \n## Understanding the Length / Distance Units\n\nThis table provides a summary of the Length or Distance units within their\nrespective measurement systems.\n\nUnit| Symbol| Measurement System| Description \n---|---|---|--- \ninches| in or \"| US Customary Units/Imperial System \nfeet| ft or '| US Customary Units/Imperial System| 1 foot = 12 inches \nyards| yd| US Customary Units/Imperial System| 1 yard = 3 feet \nmiles| mi| US Customary Units/Imperial System| 1 mile = 1760 yards or 5280\nfeet \npicometers| pm| Metric System| 1 m = 1,000,000,000,000 pm \nnanometers| nm| Metric System| 1 m = 1,000,000,000 nm \nmicrometers| μm| Metric System| 1 m = 1,000,000 μm \nmillimeters| mm| Metric System| 1 m = 1,000 mm \ncentimeters| cm| Metric System| 1 m = 100 cm \ndecimeters| dm| Metric System| 1 m = 10 dm \nmeters| m| Metric System| base unit \ndecameters| dam or dkm| Metric System| 1 dam = 10 m \nhectometers| hm| Metric System| 1 hm = 100 m \nkilometers| km| Metric System| 1 km = 1,000 m \nmegameters| Mm| Metric System| 1 Mm = 1,000,000 m \ngigameters| Gm| Metric System| 1 Gm = 1,000,000,000 m \nnautical miles| M or NM or nmi| Non-SI (International)| 1 nmi = 1,852 meters \nangstroms| Å| Non-SI (International)| 10,000,000,000 Å = 1 m \n \nNote: For Length and Distance conversions, US Customary Units and the Imperial\nSystem are equivalent.\n\n## Find a Conversion\n\nLooking for a conversion? Select a conversion type and the desired units.\n\nShare this page:\n\nAdvertisement\n\nBack to top\n\nHome | About Us | Contact Us | Donate\n\nWhile using this site, you agree to have read and accepted our Terms of\nService and Privacy Policy.\n\nWe use advertisements to support this website and fund the development of new\ncontent.\n\nCopyright © 2012-2017 CheckYourMath.com. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.prenhall.com:80/divisions/esm/app/graphing/ti86/Home_screen/Menu_Keys/conversion/conversion.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160813083152/http://www.prenhall.com:80/divisions/esm/app/graphing/ti86/Home_screen/Menu_Keys/conversion/conversion.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Using CONV on the TI-86", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Using CONV on the TI-86\n\nII. Menu Keys - Keys that offer choices\n\n> H. CONV\n>\n\n>> The CONV (Conversions) Menu is an extremely useful menu. It allows you to\nconvert from measurements in one unit to the equivalent value in another unit.\nFor example, you can convert from gallons to liters, from inches to meters,\netc. The units in the conversion must be compatible. You cannot convert\ngallons to inches, for example.\n\n>>\n\n>> ***NOTE: When you are converting a negative value, you must enclose the\nnumber and the negative sign within parentheses. Otherwise the conversion is\ndone and then the negative sign is added. For example, if you are converting a\nmeasurement of -4, you must enter it as (-4).\n\n>>\n\n>> The CONV (Conversions) Menu\n\n>>\n\n>> 1. LNGTH (length)\n\n>> 2. AREA\n\n>> 3. VOL (volume)\n\n>> 4. TIME\n\n>> 5. TEMP (temperature)\n\n>> 6. MASS\n\n>> 7. FORCE\n\n>> 8. PRESS (pressure)\n\n>> 9. ENRGY (energy)\n\n>> 10. POWER\n\n>> 11. SPEED\n\n>>\n\nA. Catalog\n\n" } ]
406,064
How To Earn 100 Dollars in One Week (for Kids)
If you want to make $100 in a week, offer to help out your neighbors with chores such as washing the car or mowing the lawn. If someone on your street is going away, offer to house sit for them. Additionally, take advantage of different seasons to offer your neighbors services, like raking leaves in the fall or shoveling snow in winter. If you're old enough, offer to pet sit or babysit for relatives or neighbors. Finally, try contacting your local paper to get a paper route.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210226102731/https://www.catster.com/lifestyle/tips-helping-kids-start-cat-pet-sitting-business", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170619122536/http://www.theadventurouswriter.com:80/blog/best-ways-for-teenagers-to-earn-money-making-tips/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507183321/https://highfivedad.com/how-to-make-money-as-a-kid/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210622142009/https://gigglesgalore.net/successful-lemonade-stand-tips-ideas" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.catster.com/lifestyle/tips-helping-kids-start-cat-pet-sitting-business", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210226102731/https://www.catster.com/lifestyle/tips-helping-kids-start-cat-pet-sitting-business", "parsed_text": { "title": "5 Tips for Helping Your Kids Start a Pet-Sitting Business", "passages": [ "Kids often look for ways to earn a few bucks. Some baby-sit, while others mow lawns or assist family or friends with odd jobs. If a child is an animal lover, perhaps he or she would do well by starting a pet-sitting business.", "My kids don’t have an official business but have always helped watch friends’ pets when those friends are out of town. They’ve had the opportunity to pet sit cats, guinea pigs, and even dogs. They started around age 6 and 8 (with my help), and now they are 15 and 17, and able to handle the entire operation on their own.", "We’ve learned a lot about pet-sitting over the years — sometimes the hard way. We definitely know if we had to do it all over again from scratch, we’d do some things a little differently.", "Taking care of pets is a big responsibility, and one that should be carefully considered before taking on pet-sitting. When my children began their venture, I always accompanied them and supervised as they completed their tasks. Most articles I’ve read suggest a child would be ready to take on many of these responsibilities on their own around age 10. Truly, it depends on the child’s temperament and maturity level — a call best made by the parent or guardian.", "When embarking on an adventure in pet sitting, it’s a good idea to start small. Perhaps start with one family, get acclimated and become comfortable with the new role. After one or two successes, slowly expand the business, while making sure the child has still allotted plenty of time to provide quality care and attention for each pet. Pet sitting is not about walking in, feeding cats, scooping litter boxes and leaving five minutes later. The pet probably feels lonely and craves playtime and the opportunity to cuddle. Never force a pet to cuddle — always follow their lead on the amount of interaction they prefer. Over time, a skittish pet may come around and warm up to the child.", "Get the word out! It’s a good idea to start advertising services with friends, family and neighbors. Because the child already has a relationship with these individuals — and perhaps their pets — it will be an easier foray into their new business.", "Help your child give the business a name and create inexpensive business cards. You can easily make these in Word, using business card templates bought at an office supply store. Make sure and use an adult’s phone number on the cards and create an email address just for the pet-sitting business (petsitter@domain.com). You can also create flyers to hand out to neighbors or pin up on bulletin boards in local businesses.", "It’s important to meet with the family prior to taking on the responsibility of sitting for their pet. This is an excellent opportunity for the child to interact with the pet in the comfort of the family’s presence. The pet will likely feel more at ease and begin to develop a trusting relationship with the child. It may be helpful for a couple of these playdate visits before the child and the pet feel ready for the experience of interacting alone.", "A meeting with the family is also critical because that’s the time for becoming clear on expectations. The family for which my kids pet sit always has a checklist typed up for them and they email a copy to me. This is extraordinarily helpful. If there’s not a checklist, make sure the child takes copious notes and then reviews the notes with the family prior to the first pet-sitting visit.", "Also make sure the child has all the important contact numbers, including the family, veterinarian and any close-by family members. Ask for a key. Some families use a security keypad to enter the home, but if the area loses electricity, there will be no way to enter the house and take care of the pets.", "How much should the child be compensated? This will probably depend on the age of the child and the amount of responsibility he or she has undertaken. If the child is young, the parents will likely work through these details with the family. In my research, I found kids typically get paid anywhere from $5 to $10 a day for their services. This is in line with what my kids have always been paid.", "About the Author: Angie Bailey is a goofy girl with freckles and giant smile who wants everyone to be her friend. Loves pre-adolescent boy humor, puns, making up parody songs, and thinking about cats doing people things. Writes Catladyland, a cat humor blog, and authored whiskerslist: the kitty classifieds, a silly book about cats wheeling and dealing online. Partner in a production company and writes and acts in comedy web series that may or may not offend people. Mother to two humans and three cats, all of which want her to make them food." ] }, "parsed_md": "5 Tips for Helping Your Kids Start a Pet-Sitting Business - Catster\n\nlogin Join Log In\n\nHello, {{ _cookie.user_logged_in }} Logout Account\n\nSUBSCRIBE TO CATSTER MAGAZINE SUBSCRIBE TO OUR MAGAZINE\n\nBOOKSTORE\n\nGive a gift\n\nCustomer Service for Subscribers\n\n * Behavior\n * Cat Food\n * Health & Care\n * Kittens\n * Lifestyle\n * Breeds\n * Video\n * Gift Guide\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Cat Food\n * Health & Care\n * Kittens\n * Lifestyle\n * Cat Breeds\n * Videos\n * Gift Guide\n\n## Home » Lifestyle\n\nNext on The Scoop: Milo’s Sanctuary Stresses the “Special” in Special-Needs\nCats\n\nCats and Kids\n\n# 5 Tips for Helping Your Kids Start a Pet-Sitting Business\n\nWith clear planning and expectations, kids can earn cash sitting for family,\nfriends, and neighbors.\n\nAngie Bailey | Sep 26th 2013\n\n## Also:\n\n * Lifestyle 4 Books for Cat Lovers to Pick Up This Month\n * Lifestyle Is it Time for Your Cats to Get a Divorce? Here’s How to Rehome a Cat\n * Lifestyle From Scruffy Orphan to Feline Ambassador\n\nKids often look for ways to earn a few bucks. Some baby-sit, while others mow\nlawns or assist family or friends with odd jobs. If a child is an animal\nlover, perhaps he or she would do well by starting a pet-sitting business.\n\nMy kids don’t have an official business but have always helped watch friends’\npets when those friends are out of town. They’ve had the opportunity to pet\nsit cats, guinea pigs, and even dogs. They started around age 6 and 8 (with my\nhelp), and now they are 15 and 17, and able to handle the entire operation on\ntheir own.\n\nWe’ve learned a lot about pet-sitting over the years — sometimes the hard way.\nWe definitely know if we had to do it all over again from scratch, we’d do\nsome things a little differently.\n\nHere are four tips for helping your child create a successful pet-sitting\nbusiness.\n\n### 1\\. Consider the responsibility\n\nTaking care of pets is a big responsibility, and one that should be carefully\nconsidered before taking on pet-sitting. When my children began their venture,\nI always accompanied them and supervised as they completed their tasks. Most\narticles I’ve read suggest a child would be ready to take on many of these\nresponsibilities on their own around age 10. Truly, it depends on the child’s\ntemperament and maturity level — a call best made by the parent or guardian.\n\n### 2\\. Start small\n\nWhen embarking on an adventure in pet sitting, it’s a good idea to start\nsmall. Perhaps start with one family, get acclimated and become comfortable\nwith the new role. After one or two successes, slowly expand the business,\nwhile making sure the child has still allotted plenty of time to provide\nquality care and attention for each pet. Pet sitting is not about walking in,\nfeeding cats, scooping litter boxes and leaving five minutes later. The pet\nprobably feels lonely and craves playtime and the opportunity to cuddle. Never\nforce a pet to cuddle — always follow their lead on the amount of interaction\nthey prefer. Over time, a skittish pet may come around and warm up to the\nchild.\n\n### 3\\. Advertise\n\nGet the word out! It’s a good idea to start advertising services with friends,\nfamily and neighbors. Because the child already has a relationship with these\nindividuals — and perhaps their pets — it will be an easier foray into their\nnew business.\n\nHelp your child give the business a name and create inexpensive business\ncards. You can easily make these in Word, using business card templates bought\nat an office supply store. Make sure and use an adult’s phone number on the\ncards and create an email address just for the pet-sitting business\n(petsitter@domain.com). You can also create flyers to hand out to neighbors or\npin up on bulletin boards in local businesses.\n\n### 4\\. Spend time with the pets in the presence of their families\n\nIt’s important to meet with the family prior to taking on the responsibility\nof sitting for their pet. This is an excellent opportunity for the child to\ninteract with the pet in the comfort of the family’s presence. The pet will\nlikely feel more at ease and begin to develop a trusting relationship with the\nchild. It may be helpful for a couple of these playdate visits before the\nchild and the pet feel ready for the experience of interacting alone.\n\n### 4\\. Make sure expectations are clear\n\nA meeting with the family is also critical because that’s the time for\nbecoming clear on expectations. The family for which my kids pet sit always\nhas a checklist typed up for them and they email a copy to me. This is\nextraordinarily helpful. If there’s not a checklist, make sure the child takes\ncopious notes and then reviews the notes with the family prior to the first\npet-sitting visit.\n\nAlso make sure the child has all the important contact numbers, including the\nfamily, veterinarian and any close-by family members. Ask for a key. Some\nfamilies use a security keypad to enter the home, but if the area loses\nelectricity, there will be no way to enter the house and take care of the\npets.\n\nHow much should the child be compensated? This will probably depend on the age\nof the child and the amount of responsibility he or she has undertaken. If the\nchild is young, the parents will likely work through these details with the\nfamily. In my research, I found kids typically get paid anywhere from $5 to\n$10 a day for their services. This is in line with what my kids have always\nbeen paid.\n\nDo you have any tips for kids starting a pet-sitting business? Tell us about\nit in the comments!\n\nAbout the Author: Angie Bailey is a goofy girl with freckles and giant smile\nwho wants everyone to be her friend. Loves pre-adolescent boy humor, puns,\nmaking up parody songs, and thinking about cats doing people things. Writes\nCatladyland, a cat humor blog, and authored whiskerslist: the kitty\nclassifieds, a silly book about cats wheeling and dealing online. Partner in a\nproduction company and writes and acts in comedy web series that may or may\nnot offend people. Mother to two humans and three cats, all of which want her\nto make them food.\n\nRead more by Angie Bailey:\n\n * Why I Ask My Kids to Read to My Cats\n * 5 DIY Projects You and Your Kids Can Make For Your Cats\n * 5 Ways to Teach Kids About the Awesomeness of Rescuing Cats\n * 5 Ways Cats are Great Therapy for Kids Wth Anxiety or Depression\n * 10 Relief Strategies for Kids Who Have Cat Allergies\n * 6 Ways for You and Your Kids to Have Online Fun with Your Cats\n * How to Explain to Kids That Spay/Neuter Is Crucial to Cats\n * 5 Tips for Teaching Your Kids How to Properly Handle a Cat\n\nPosted in Cats And Kids, Catster Tips,\n\n#### Recommended\n\nIs Your Cat Stressed?\n\nJeff Siegel |\n\nShould Your Cat Hunt For Food?\n\nSassafras Lowrey |\n\nWhat Causes Watery Cat Eyes and Do You Need to Visit a Vet?\n\nJackie Brown |\n\nHelp Your Cat Exercise\n\nJackie Brown |\n\n#### Contributions\n\n## Get Catster in Your Inbox!\n\nStay informed! Get tips and exclusive deals.\n\n * Meet The Team |\n * Advertise |\n * Editors |\n * Events |\n * Photo Booth |\n * Customer Service |\n * Privacy Policy |\n * Subscribe\n\n© 2019 Belvoir Media Group. All rights reserved.\n\n## Prefer Dogs?\n\nVisit Dogster\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.theadventurouswriter.com:80/blog/best-ways-for-teenagers-to-earn-money-making-tips/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170619122536/http://www.theadventurouswriter.com:80/blog/best-ways-for-teenagers-to-earn-money-making-tips/", "parsed_text": { "title": "36 Ways for Teens to Earn Extra Money", "passages": [ "I’m Laurie – a writer in Vancouver, Canada. Married, childless, joyful. Working on my first “She Blossoms” book! Writing to help you let go of the past and Blossom into who God created you to be. About Me.", "These money making tips for teenagers range from creative to practical, from blogging to teaching sports (my 14 year old niece is an ice skating coach). If you need ways to earn extra money and you’re a teen, you’ll find something here.", "I started making money when I was 12, babysitting. If I were to give my pre- teen self tips for earning extra money, I’d encourage myself to go into business for myself. I’d tell myself to start a blog! If you like to write, read How to Stay Motivated when You’re Starting a Blog.", "Finding ways to work for yourself is the best way to make money, whether you’re a teenager or older adult like me. Entrepreneurs are adventurous and creative, and enjoy the challenge of finding different ways to make money! Most of the money making tips for teenagers on this list are entrepreneurial in spirit, but many involve earning money the old fashioned way.", "Making money when you’re a teenager and feel like you can’t get a “real” job may require a bit of creative thinking...", "1. Offer to digitize people’s paper photographs. My 60 year old friends don’t have time to scan and save their photos, but they have the money to pay you to do it! (I think this is the best way for teenagers to make money, which is why it’s number one).", "2, Find ways to turn your hobby into a money making business (making cupcakes, making rubber stamps, creating tiles, taming lizards, and making natural organic soap are examples of hobbies that can make teens money)", "3. Experiment with lemonade or homemade cookie stands (when I was a teen, I made $52 in three hours selling raspberry iced tea on a busy neighborhood street)", "4. Sell jewelry! Princess Jones says, “My mom would actually bring a shoebox full of my jewelry to her office and sell to her coworkers for me.”", "5. Work at a carnival or traveling fair. I did this when I was 13 years old; I traveled with the Bill Dillard Exhibition for a whole summer! I didn’t make a lot of money, but had a fantastic time", "10. Get paid to do surveys at home (this is an investment – sometimes teens have to spend money to make money)", "13. Work at a fast food joint. “I worked at Hardees,” says Princess Jones. “It made me go to college; I worked with a son and mother who both worked the same grill.", "17. Collect bottles or cans door to door (I earned money as a teen this way, and also found lots of bottles and cans all over the neighborhood. Some call it “collecting ditch bottles”)", "25. Host a garage sale (but don’t sell your family’s stuff without permission! That’s not the best way to make money when you’re 14)", "26. Bus tables or wash dishes at a restaurant. Washing dishes was how fiction writer Shawn Proctor started out! Now he’s working on a bestselling novel!", "28. Ask your older brothers or sisters if they’ll pay you to do work for them. Perhaps you can assist them somehow.", "30. Work at the concession stand at a ball park (this was my second job as a teenager; my first was babysitting. The concession stand was a much more fun way to earn money, but I made more money babysitting)", "32. Be a mother’s helper (it’s different than being a babysitter – it’s more like being a nanny, but the parents are around most of the time)", "35. Post flyers around your neighborhood, advertising your services as a teen willing to do odd jobs around the home and garden", "36. Tutor your peers...and if you’re a teen with money management skills, you can teach other teens how to reach their financial goals.", "What do you think – what’s the best way for teenagers to make money? Comments welcome below! I can’t offer financial advice, but I welcome your thoughts on money making tips for teens.", "These are some super smart ideas, but what if you don’t really have time to you know, get a job? I have a trip coming up pretty soon and I’ll need a couple hundred dollars. Mostly because food won’t be provided. I don’t really have time to get like a job. Any suggestions?\\ xxMiya", "Do you live in a rural area or small town? I’m curious where you are – are there no jobs or ways for teens to earn extra money in your community?", "How have you earned money in the past? Is there a way to continue making money that way, so you can save up for college or university fees?", "Sometimes it’s not possible for teenagers to find work that actually helps them save money for university or college. In that case, it’s important to learn about other ways to find tuition and textbook money – and even find free ways to get your education paid for! Scholarships, grants, student loans....there are places to get money, but you have to dig them up.", "If you haven’t considered applying for scholarships or grants for college or university, here’s a place to start: Scholarship Essay Sample http://www.theadventurouswriter.com/blog/scholarship-essay-sample-college- bursary/", "You might also think about searching the internet for “scholarships for college students” and “how to pay for college” and “student loans for university.”", "Hi, my son just participated in a data collection project, and it’s a great way for teens to earn extra money. He really had so much fun. I think it is a great way to learn and earn this summer. Pretty good pay for 5 rounds of recording (10-15 minutes per recording).", "Thanks for taking the time to comment, Sylvia! I have a Little Sister who is 11, and neither her family nor I have alot of money to spend on our outings (we’re part of the Big Sisters/Little Sisters organization).", "So, we need to find ways she can earn money to pay for the occasional expensive, fun activity – like skiing or snowboarding – and to pay for our scrapbooking supplies. We’re taking bottles back for a refund, and....we haven’t come up with other ways for her to earn money yet. It’s tough to earn money when you’re not a teenager yet.", "Great Tips! I have two teen agers who babysits sometimes and they’re always looking for good ways to make extra cash. Thanks", "This is a great help but I am unable to do most of this as I can’t do it because of my whereabouts, I don’t know how to do these things or I just downright can’t do them. Please can someone give me a few tips as I am saving up for my college and university fees. 🙂 Thanks so much -Chelsea xx", "I’m Laurie – a writer in Vancouver, Canada. Married, childless, joyful. Working on my first “She Blossoms” book! Writing to help you let go of the past and Blossom into who God created you to be. About Me." ] }, "parsed_md": "36 Ways for Teens to Earn Extra Money\n\n * Letting Go\n\n * Marriage Tips\n\n * Remarriage\n * Parenting Tips\n * Relationship Tips\n * Relationship Help\n * Family\n * Friends\n * Breakup Survival Tips\n\n * Separation & Divorce\n * Engagements & Weddings\n * Solving Relationship Problems\n * Tips for Teens & Children\n * Discovering\n\n * Mind & Body\n\n * Brain Health Tips\n * Weight Loss Tips\n * Fitness & Exercise Tips\n * Body & Skin Care\n * Face & Hair Tips\n * Body Wisdom\n * Anti-Aging Tips\n * Pet Care\n\n * Veterinarian Tips\n * Cats and Kittens\n * Dogs & Puppies\n * Loss of a Dog\n * Home\n\n * Eco-Friendly Tips\n * Gardening\n * Holiday Season\n\n * Cooking & Dinner Parties\n * Christmas Holiday Tips\n * Halloween\n\n * Halloween Costumes\n * Travel & Vacation Tips\n * Gifts\n * Blossoming\n\n * Mind & Spirit\n * Grief & Recovery Tips\n * Happiness Tips\n * Identity & Life Tips\n * Personality Traits & Types\n * Psychology Tips\n * Stress Management Tips\n * Self-Esteem & Self-Confidence\n * Self-Improvement Tips\n * School & Work\n\n * Homebased Business Tips\n * Workplace Tips\n * Education & Student Tips\n * Entrepreneur & Small Business Tips\n * Achieving & Setting Goals\n * College & University Tips\n * Health\n\n * Women’s Health\n * Natural Health Tips\n * Healthy Eating\n\n * Food & Diet\n * Eco-friendly & Organic Foods\n * Healing\n * Money\n\n * Saving More Money\n * Financial Tips\n\n * Advice From Finance Experts\n * Money Goal Setting Tips\n * Budget Tips\n\n * Retirement Planning\n * Financial Loans & Interest\n * Credit Cards\n\n * Credit Score Tips\n * Debt Payment\n\n * Mortgage Loans\n * General Money Tips\n\n * Children & Teen Money Tips\n * Holiday Spending Tips\n * Money Management\n * Income Tax Tips\n * Making More Money\n * All Articles\n\nHome » Finances » Children & Teen Money Tips » 36 Ways for Teens to Earn Extra\nMoney\n\n#### Welcome\n\nI’m Laurie – a writer in Vancouver, Canada. Married, childless, joyful.\nWorking on my first “She Blossoms” book! Writing to help you let go of the\npast and Blossom into who God created you to be. About Me.\n\n### Popular Posts\n\n * How to Handle Father's Day When You're Fighting With Your Dad\n * 127 (or More!) Things to Do When You’re Bored\n * 27 Gifts to Surprise and Delight Your Older Parents or Grandparents\n * How to Comfort Your Boyfriend When He is Grieving\n * 5 Signs It's Not Too Late to Fix Your Relationship\n * How to Help Your Boyfriend When His Parent Dies\n * How to Cope With the Pain of Missing Your Cat\n * 3 Ways to Cope With Difficult Parents - for Adult Children\n * 17 Comforting Gift Ideas for a Loved One at the End of Life\n * How to Decide if You Should Give Your Dog Away\n\n# 36 Ways for Teens to Earn Extra Money 6\n\n2 Aug, 2011 by Laurie\n\nThese money making tips for teenagers range from creative to practical, from\nblogging to teaching sports (my 14 year old niece is an ice skating coach). If\nyou need ways to earn extra money and you’re a teen, you’ll find something\nhere.\n\nI started making money when I was 12, babysitting. If I were to give my pre-\nteen self tips for earning extra money, I’d encourage myself to go into\nbusiness for myself. I’d tell myself to start a blog! If you like to write,\nread How to Stay Motivated when You’re Starting a Blog.\n\nFinding ways to work for yourself is the best way to make money, whether\nyou’re a teenager or older adult like me. Entrepreneurs are adventurous and\ncreative, and enjoy the challenge of finding different ways to make money!\nMost of the money making tips for teenagers on this list are entrepreneurial\nin spirit, but many involve earning money the old fashioned way.\n\nThese tips won’t work for all teens, but they may fire up your creative\nspirit!\n\n## 36 Money Making Tips for Teenagers\n\nMaking money when you’re a teenager and feel like you can’t get a “real” job\nmay require a bit of creative thinking...\n\n1\\. Offer to digitize people’s paper photographs. My 60 year old friends don’t\nhave time to scan and save their photos, but they have the money to pay you to\ndo it! (I think this is the best way for teenagers to make money, which is why\nit’s number one).\n\n2, Find ways to turn your hobby into a money making business (making cupcakes,\nmaking rubber stamps, creating tiles, taming lizards, and making natural\norganic soap are examples of hobbies that can make teens money)\n\n3\\. Experiment with lemonade or homemade cookie stands (when I was a teen, I\nmade $52 in three hours selling raspberry iced tea on a busy neighborhood\nstreet)\n\n4\\. Sell jewelry! Princess Jones says, “My mom would actually bring a shoebox\nfull of my jewelry to her office and sell to her coworkers for me.”\n\n5\\. Work at a carnival or traveling fair. I did this when I was 13 years old;\nI traveled with the Bill Dillard Exhibition for a whole summer! I didn’t make\na lot of money, but had a fantastic time\n\n6\\. Mow lawns and do yardwork\n\n7\\. Do extra chores around your house\n\n8\\. Walk dogs\n\n9\\. Get a paper route\n\n10\\. Get paid to do surveys at home (this is an investment – sometimes teens\nhave to spend money to make money)\n\n11\\. Clean people’s cars or garages\n\n12\\. Ask your parents for a raise in allowance in exchange for extra chores\n\n13\\. Work at a fast food joint. “I worked at Hardees,” says Princess Jones.\n“It made me go to college; I worked with a son and mother who both worked the\nsame grill.\n\nWays for Teens to Earn Extra Money\n\n14\\. Did I say walk dogs? Or wash cars\n\n15\\. Weed gardens or rake leaves\n\n16\\. Teach skating, gymnastics, or other team sports\n\n17\\. Collect bottles or cans door to door (I earned money as a teen this way,\nand also found lots of bottles and cans all over the neighborhood. Some call\nit “collecting ditch bottles”)\n\n18\\. Look for lost golf balls on the golf course, and sell them to golfers\n\n19\\. Ask your parents if they can hire you to help them with their jobs\n\n20\\. Learn how to make money blogging\n\n21\\. Start websites or blogs for your grandparents\n\n22\\. Take care of your neighbor’s pets or homes\n\n23\\. Deliver community flyers\n\n24\\. Get a job with Dickee Dee (a mobile ice cream selling bicycle service)\n\n25\\. Host a garage sale (but don’t sell your family’s stuff without\npermission! That’s not the best way to make money when you’re 14)\n\n26\\. Bus tables or wash dishes at a restaurant. Washing dishes was how fiction\nwriter Shawn Proctor started out! Now he’s working on a bestselling novel!\n\n27\\. Ask your parents’ friends if they’ll hire you\n\n28\\. Ask your older brothers or sisters if they’ll pay you to do work for\nthem. Perhaps you can assist them somehow.\n\n29\\. Work at a summer camp or a day camp in the city\n\n30\\. Work at the concession stand at a ball park (this was my second job as a\nteenager; my first was babysitting. The concession stand was a much more fun\nway to earn money, but I made more money babysitting)\n\n31\\. Sell stuff at craft fairs and flea markets\n\n32\\. Be a mother’s helper (it’s different than being a babysitter – it’s more\nlike being a nanny, but the parents are around most of the time)\n\n33\\. Teach seniors and elderly people how to use computers\n\n34\\. Running errands for housebound, ill, or disabled people\n\n35\\. Post flyers around your neighborhood, advertising your services as a teen\nwilling to do odd jobs around the home and garden\n\n36\\. Tutor your peers...and if you’re a teen with money management skills, you\ncan teach other teens how to reach their financial goals.\n\nThe best way for teens to earn money: read 10 High Paying Jobs for College\nStudents.\n\nWhat do you think – what’s the best way for teenagers to make money? Comments\nwelcome below! I can’t offer financial advice, but I welcome your thoughts on\nmoney making tips for teens.\n\n####\n\nStay in touch!\n\nSign up for your FREE Blossom emails\n\nFeel alone? Join our tangled garden of wildflowers:\n\nVisit our \"She Blossoms\" Group on Facebook\n\nxo\n\n### Share this article, help a friend Blossom!\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)\n\n### You Might Also Like...\n\n### Leave a comment Cancel reply\n\n## 6 thoughts on “36 Ways for Teens to Earn Extra Money”\n\n * Reply ↓\n\nMiya May 9, 2017 at 4:45 pm\n\nThese are some super smart ideas, but what if you don’t really have time to\nyou know, get a job? I have a trip coming up pretty soon and I’ll need a\ncouple hundred dollars. Mostly because food won’t be provided. I don’t really\nhave time to get like a job. Any suggestions?\\ xxMiya\n\n * Reply ↓\n\nLaurie Post author January 2, 2017 at 2:57 pm\n\nHi Chelsea,\n\nDo you live in a rural area or small town? I’m curious where you are – are\nthere no jobs or ways for teens to earn extra money in your community?\n\nHow have you earned money in the past? Is there a way to continue making money\nthat way, so you can save up for college or university fees?\n\nSometimes it’s not possible for teenagers to find work that actually helps\nthem save money for university or college. In that case, it’s important to\nlearn about other ways to find tuition and textbook money – and even find free\nways to get your education paid for! Scholarships, grants, student\nloans....there are places to get money, but you have to dig them up.\n\nIf you haven’t considered applying for scholarships or grants for college or\nuniversity, here’s a place to start: Scholarship Essay Sample\nhttp://www.theadventurouswriter.com/blog/scholarship-essay-sample-college-\nbursary/\n\nYou might also think about searching the internet for “scholarships for\ncollege students” and “how to pay for college” and “student loans for\nuniversity.”\n\nI hope this helps....let me know what you discover!\n\n * Reply ↓\n\nMaria July 12, 2016 at 7:46 pm\n\nHi, my son just participated in a data collection project, and it’s a great\nway for teens to earn extra money. He really had so much fun. I think it is a\ngreat way to learn and earn this summer. Pretty good pay for 5 rounds of\nrecording (10-15 minutes per recording).\n\n * Reply ↓\n\nLaurie Post author July 22, 2012 at 9:10 am\n\nThanks for taking the time to comment, Sylvia! I have a Little Sister who is\n11, and neither her family nor I have alot of money to spend on our outings\n(we’re part of the Big Sisters/Little Sisters organization).\n\nSo, we need to find ways she can earn money to pay for the occasional\nexpensive, fun activity – like skiing or snowboarding – and to pay for our\nscrapbooking supplies. We’re taking bottles back for a refund, and....we\nhaven’t come up with other ways for her to earn money yet. It’s tough to earn\nmoney when you’re not a teenager yet.\n\n * Reply ↓\n\nSylvia July 21, 2012 at 8:57 pm\n\nGreat Tips! I have two teen agers who babysits sometimes and they’re always\nlooking for good ways to make extra cash. Thanks\n\n * Reply ↓\n\nChelsea December 29, 2016 at 3:13 pm\n\nThis is a great help but I am unable to do most of this as I can’t do it\nbecause of my whereabouts, I don’t know how to do these things or I just\ndownright can’t do them. Please can someone give me a few tips as I am saving\nup for my college and university fees. 🙂 Thanks so much -Chelsea xx\n\n#### Welcome\n\nI’m Laurie – a writer in Vancouver, Canada. Married, childless, joyful.\nWorking on my first “She Blossoms” book! Writing to help you let go of the\npast and Blossom into who God created you to be. About Me.\n\n#### Need encouragement?\n\n#### Blossom Tips\n\nMonday – Heart Blossoms\n\nTuesday – Body Blossoms\n\nWednesday – Brainy Blossoms\n\nThursday – Soul Blossoms\n\nFriday – Spirit Blossoms\n\n### New Articles\n\n * How to Rest in Peace While You’re Still Alive\n * How to Handle Father’s Day When You’re Fighting With Your Dad\n * 7 Unexpected Ways to Stop Feeling Lonely Right Now\n * 7 Ways to Overcome Food Cravings and Stop Mindless Eating\n * A Life Coach’s Advice for Overcoming Fear of What People Think\n * Help and Hope When You’re Living Alone After the Death of a Spouse\n * How to Deal With Problems in Your Family\n\n· © 2017 She Blossoms · Designed by Press Customizr · Powered by ·\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://highfivedad.com/how-to-make-money-as-a-kid/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507183321/https://highfivedad.com/how-to-make-money-as-a-kid/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Make Money as a Kid 🤑 [Updated 2021] Fast Ways", "passages": [ "Here is the thing... there are kids all across the world who take have business ideas at a young age and become millionaires while they are in high school!", "Take for example Abbey Fleck. In 1993 she became a MULTI-MILLIONAIRE at the young age of eight for her invention “Makin Bacon”. It was a device to microwave bacon in the microwave.", "We use SurveyJunkie and make over 500-600 bucks a month! Boom! Talk about making some of the easiest cash ever!", "I know I know thats not going to make you a millionaire but imagine taking a survey or two during commercials, when you are bored, while you are waiting...", "All you need to sign up is an email address. SurveyJunkie .... easiest money you will ever make. Click the link to sign up and start earning money! It’s fast and free.", "When you click the link just click join now. The fastest way to sign up is either with your google account or facebook but you can use any email.", "From time to time, SurveyJunkie closes registrations. Currently it’s open. Make sure you sign up fast before they close down registration. I’d register now just to have an account even if you don’t start the surveys yet. That way you’re in even if they close registration.Start Making Money Today", "Just because you are young doesn’t mean that you can’t begin to make money. You can find some fast ways to make money below. If you would like to learn how to make money as a kid, these ways are going to help you.", "Last month alone High Five Dad brought in thousands of dollars! I know not millions of dollars but seriously, it was easier then mowing a lawn and a whole lot LESS TIME!", "Blogs earn money in a variety of ways and you don’t have to be a killer writer... as you can tell...", "Maybe your interested in video games. Create a video game review site in which you write about the newest games. Include videos and Boom cash cow...", "Maybe you play a sport. Write create a site about football. This could be advice, techniques, equipment, etc. Really there are endless ideas.", "Sponsored Posts- This is when I write an article about a product or service. Its my opinion, but they pay more for it.", "Adults tend to have a lot of stuff in their house that they would love to get rid of. Too many times their lives are just too busy to get rid of it. Partner with some adults doing all the leg work for them. This means pricing the items and creating advertising. Split the profits 50/50.", "Crafts are something almost anyone can begin to sell. This could be bracelets, keychains or more elaborate door hangings. Check out these easy to start crafts that you can begin selling. You can easily make $10-20 per item if you start selling them on a large online marketplace (with your parents help).", "We have two dogs... and I would LOVE if someone knocked on my door and asked to walk our dogs. I would easily pay 5-10 dollars each time. This will save me time, help my dogs get exercise and help you earn money.", "Once you get a little older, you can earn up to $1000 a month by pet sitting at places like Rover.", "Mowing lawns is one of first side hustles I did when I was kid. Mowing lawns can actually turn into a great business especially if you live in an area that is warm all the time. You could easily turn your weekends into a profit machine. It’s possible to make around $30 per lawn, which would add up nicely if you get a large number of interested clients.", "Don’t just stop at mowing lawns. As a budding kid entrepreneur begin working on your upsell skills. Let the home know about those weeds in the backyard or how great their lawn would look with a fresh row of new flowers. Use the network from your lawn mowing business to cash in big time. Start handing out flyers and knock on doors (with your parents) to get a lot of jobs and money.", "A tried and true side hustle for all kids. Whether it is just nostalgia or if people really like lemonade, this is a great business idea for kids. Adults will easily spend 2 or 3 dollars for a cup of lemonade just because your a kid! Make sure to pick your location carefully since it will affect the number of sales you can potentially earn. If you plan to setup your lemonade stand in a high traffic area, ask your parents if you need a permit to sell your product.", "If you are not afraid to roll up your sleeves and use a little elbow grease this may be a great way for kids to make money. Almost everyone owns a car and almost everyone likes their cars to look good. Go door to door in your neighborhood letting them know about your service. You can even get your friends to help start a car wash event. Create some signs and start advertising on the street to get some customers. After you get enough experience, it’s possible to earn around $100 for each full service car wash.", "In some states this is an EASY way for kids to make money. I am originally from NY and we would search for cans in all sorts of places. Baseball fields, along the streets, or just ask people if we could have them. Here is the reason why... Each can equals 5 cents! Those nickels added up.", "Do you have access to a backyard? How about growing vegetables and selling them at a farmers market. Easy selling vegetables are tomatoes, cucumbers, and green beans. You can even pickle you vegetables so they last longer and can charge more!", "If you want to know how to make money as a kid but you prefer not to work outside, YouTube blogging will be a good opportunity for you. Many kids are earning through making content on YouTube nowadays. How can you that? There are several things can kids do... However to make a successful YouTube channel as a kid, you will need to find some good ideas for it. With a successful YouTube channel as a kid, you can potentially make more than $3000 monthly. By reading this article, you’ll be one step closer to your goal and be able to make money as a kid at home.", "Advertising toys: There are many success stories about this on YouTube. You (or your kids) can introduce toys in his channels. Other kids will love to watch it and they will see YouTube ads related to those toys on your channel. This will provide a high click rate to your ads.", "Introducing animals: Young kids, in particular, are very interested to learn about animals. If you are visiting zoos with your family on a regular basis, this can be a good YouTube channel idea. Since many kids are interested in watching animal videos, they will like an informative YouTube Channel about it.", "Talking about anime and cartoons: Talking about anime and cartoons is another thing you can do. Watching anime and cartoons are favorite hobbies of kids and you can use the advantage of that very well.", "Social media is huge! Being a teenager you already realize that. If you love being in front of the camera, building a following on YouTube might be your way to make money. There are thousands of different YouTube channels that do product reviews or are meant for entertainment. You can make money by becoming an affiliate or through ads.", "Start with the basics The first thing you have to do is create a business channel of your own, which is a very simple task on the YouTube platform.", "Sign in to YouTube with your Gmail account and click on the user icon at the top right of the screen", "You can see some more information above for channel ideas and how to make money as a kid with creating a YouTube channel.", "Fill in the About Section If you are still wondering how to start a YouTube channel that promotes your brand, you can do that on your profile and channel description.", "This is the first option you will see after you have created a channel. Here, it would be best if you composed your brand based on what viewers want to see on your channel. This is also a great place to attach links to your website, blog, and other social media networks.", "This description will be presented in more than one place on your channel, so be sure to create your best statements and attached links.", "Upload your first (official) video After the completion of filming and editing your first video, it is time to upload it. You will get the upload option at the top right of the screen when you log into your account.", "Analyze and Optimize After uploading your video, you must be conscious about the performance of your channel. YouTube Analytics will assist and guide you properly about the analytical framework for your video optimization. No doubt, it is a powerful tool for increasing web traffic on your YouTube channel.", "TikTok is all about creating short videos of yourself. The best way to increase the number of followers is to produce entertaining content that displays your personal talents or hobbies. If you love fashion or music, make videos about it. Show your personality and tell your story in the most unique way possible. Engaging with your audience is also important since people are more likely to share your videos if you personally interact with them. Once you get big enough, there are opportunities to present products in your videos for money.", "Maybe you are kid that doesn’t want to be in a video but you love taking photos. Instagram is used by some of the largest ad marketing agencies in the world to sell their product. If you have a larger following, you can begin selling their products to your followers.", "If you want to be a pro gamer and choose it as your first job, you will need to sharpen your skills in one game. In the realm of gaming, only the best and dedicated gamers can consistently earn money by placing high in gaming tournaments. Many tournaments and competitions are happening year-round to get involved in, as part of a team or as an individual player.", "Since professional gaming is too time consuming of a task for most people, there is an easier option for gamers to earn money through live streaming. Twitch is platform that emerged to fill a niche where ordinary people can share their gaming experiences with others. Although it might be difficult to grow your audience when starting out, I still recommend giving it a try since you might be the next great Twitch streamer.", "Software Selection Software compatibility is an important part of live streaming so all of them have their pros and cons. OBS Studio — OBS Studio is the best selection for many starting content creators. OBS Studio is free, open-source software with a superlative degree of proficiency. Streamlabs OBS — Monetize your channel with the Streamlabs version of OBS, which has many attractive characteristics. Unfortunately, it is only available on Windows. XSplit — XSplit is a paid version software with lots of phenomenal customizing options. vMix — vMix software is one of top options for professional video streamers that are looking to upgrade their live streaming setup.", "Hardware Selection Hardware selection is more challenging to configure and will vary depending on your online streaming needs. Here are some tips to assure a smooth live streaming experience with the help of a desktop computer: The CPU — A highly configurable fast CPU is recommended for live streaming and controlling the encoding and gaming. The GPU — Nvidia GTX graphics card with OBS Studio for better control and monitoring. Moreover, it has built-in hardware encoders. Dual Computer Setup — You can use one computer for encoding and streaming and another computer for gaming.", "If you would like your children to make money at home, these are going to be some useful tips for you. You will find some several ideas below. Please let me know if you have any questions about those ideas.", "Just because you are a teenager doesn’t mean that you can’t use any of the previously mentioned ways for young kids to make money. Those methods will work for you to!", "Have you ever heard of gigs? These are usually one time jobs. For instance during the state fair you might be able to pick up a gig as a parking attendant or possibly an extra in a movie. Feel free to search Craigslist for a whole variety of gigs that pay you for a service. Teens can really begin to bring in cash and make money doing these odd jobs.", "The best part of these odd jobs for teenagers is not only the money it will bring it, but it gives you a chance to learn what you like to do.", "Are you artsy teen? Teens can begin making serious cash by creating costume jewelry sells extremely well online or through places like Etsy. The great thing about creating jewelry is that you can also go to flea markets or art shows to sell your items.", "Are you really good at fixing things? Some teenagers sell their handyman service for serious dough. People, my mother in-law included, are always looking for a good handyman. This means you might help them clean the gutters one day, help them take down the storm shutters the next, or even do small house repairs. This is a profitable business for teenagers because you can set your own price.", "Do you want to know what I hate to do?!? Paint the walls inside our house. We update our colors once every 4 or 5 years. Sometimes its a brand new color, while other times it’s just to fix spots. Becoming a painter is time intensive but extremely profitable.", "Maybe you don’t want to spend 2 or 3 days painting an entire house. One service you can offer as a teenager that will easily make you money is to paint their front doors. Everyone who owns their home wants their house to shine. The first thing that people see before they come into a house is their front door. Offer to update the color or just repaint sections.", "Adults are busy or at least pretend to be. If you know adults who are constantly saying they don’t have enough time, ask them what are some things they need done. This might be picking up the kids from daycare, shopping, or doing their laundry. Find services that are taking up their time and offer to do them... for a cost.", "Mowing lawns is not just a side hustle for kids. Mowing lawns can actually turn into a great business. You can start your business with a simple push mower and can scale up as you get more lawns. The bigger the equipment you have the faster you can cut. Reminder: Don’t scale too fast otherwise you wont be making money.", "Whether you use your lawn mowing business as a network or if you just go door to door, landscaping is a highly profitable business for teenagers. If you are willing to learn and put in time you can easily make thousands of dollars each month.", "As a teenager, a simple way for you to make money is to tutor. You have access to a huge audience... your high school. If you don’t feel comfortable tutoring someone your own age, you can tutor someone in middle school or elementary school. As a teenager you can easily charge 20 dollars an hour or more!", "Are you a technically advanced teenager? If so, designing websites may be your way to make money. Small businesses are always looking for websites. Here is a simple way to find clients. Check your local chamber of commerce. Search all the local businesses. Identify all that do not have a website and go visit them. Offer to build them one. For your first client, give them a discount and ask for referrals in return.", "Along the same lines as building a website, start your own blog! Bloggers often write on a personal interest that allows them to connect and communicate directly with their readers. Most blogs have a “comments” section where readers can ask their queries with the blogger. Interacting with your readers in the comments section helps establish a connection between the blogger and the reader.", "Blogs take time to monetize but you can begin creating passive income. That means you will be making money while sitting in class! This site alone brings in over $1000 a month!", "Write & publish your first post. You must have to write and publish posts very frequently for improving your website traffic.", "15 years ago this job didn’t really exist. But in 2021 if a business doesn’t have a social media presence they are behind the times. Instead of spending your times flipping through Instagram or Facebook, you can manage a business’s account. That means you would get paid as teen to post on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and interact with their customers!", "Similar to tutoring. If you have technical expertise in a subject such as coding or building websites, you can teacher others to do that. Rather than building websites, you can have a class teaching others to do that and charging them.", "One of my favorite pastimes as a teenager was to take apart computers and upgrade them. I didn’t realize until I was an adult that there is a lot of money in this. You can buy the parts wholesale or on Amazon and then mark up the prices to upgrade computers.", "Surveys... who doesn’t like taking surveys? Completing surveys wont make you a teenage millionaire but it will give you extra money each month. Some websites pay in rewards instead of cash. You can however use those rewards to get giftcards which can be used like cash.", "Being an entertainer is side hustle for all ages. Whether you are a singer, magician or just like making people laugh, you can turn all of those into profit by selling event packages for birthday parties or events.", "Being a clown or singer may not be for every teen but it is a fun way of earning an income!", "Now this may be limited to towns that have carnivals or fairs often. However, being a skilled face painter can be very profitable. As a teen you may be able to set up your own stand at events such as fairs, carnivals or even sporting events!", "We recently went to a restaurant where they had a person going around making balloon animals for kids. The balloon animals were free... tips welcome. I asked the balloon artist when did the restaurant hire you. She told me they didn’t. She walked in and offered her services. Explained the balloon animals were free and parents were allowed to tip if they wanted. The restaurant got free entertainment and the balloon artist got free clients. It was a win win.", "Babysitting is a great way for teenagers to make money. Once you get a few regulars, they will provide referrals to more and more parents bringing you more business!", "Maybe you are an athletic teen who wants to make money. Coaching other kids might be the side hustle for you. You could easily coach baseball, football, or soccer. If you are an expert in other individual sports such as golf or tennis you could offer lessons.", "As a teen, coaching kids is not only rewarding but also helps pay the bills. Think about sports that you are good at and see if any of the local YMCA’s allow for coaching. This will be a great way to earn money over the summer.", "Are you a teenager with thick skin? Ha! I joke... sorta... Being an umpire or referee is a easy way to make money as a teenager. However, you may have to deal with grumpy adults... just a warning.", "When Michelle and I go on vacation we normally do not bring our dogs. We hate asking our friends and family to watch our dogs, so we normally just pay someone to come watch our dogs. For us that means feeding them twice a day, taking them for a morning and afternoon walk, and letting them outside a couple times a day. If you are a teenager who loves animals this might be a great way for you to earn money.", "Are you teenager who has 3 iPhones and a couple of old iPads laying around? What about clothes that you don’t wear anymore. Take some of your unwanted items and sell them. There are ton of sites from eBay to Craigslist to even Facebook. Selling unwanted or used items is a fast way for teens to make money.", "One of the most unique ways to make money in the winter is helping your neighbors shoveling snow on their driveway. It’s going to be extremely cold outside so make sure you have proper clothing before you start shoveling. Also, shoveling is time consuming so you should take breaks every 20 minutes or so. It doesn’t always need to fell like a job since you can use break time to build a snowman or throw a couple snowballs at your friends.", "The best way to earn money in the winter is to start your own internet projects. We’ve already covered the different ways to make money as a kid online so make sure to review our article for more information.", "Of course the first benefit is having your own money. However, making money as a kid provides a laundry list of other life skills and education that is important.", "In order to become a successful kid entrepreneur you are going to need to have a clear vision and plan to see it through.", "Making money as a kid or an adult is rarely fast... You can see some of good fast making money options above. If you would like to give any tips about it, let me know by commenting below.", "There are a number of methods above that will help you make money quicker then others but the reality is, it is going to take a while to earn money.", "Whether you are kid or teen, making money will teach you how to become more responsible with your money. Take your time and pick a gig or side hustle that you like!", "There is something to said about earning a dollar versus giving someone a dollar. Whether it is chores or an actual job, when a child earns money they begin to develop a respect for money.", "If you have any questions regarding how to make money as a kid subject, please make a comment below. I will help you as much as I can.", "Our kids love dogs, and we are going to encourage them to start a dog walking business as soon as they’re able. That one was Mrs. Thrifty’s idea, and I fully support it!", "Absolutely! I really think understanding money and how business works at an early age will be so beneficial to my two boys.", "My name is Eric (AKA High Five Dad). That’s my beautiful better half Michelle and my little guy Sawyer. I started to blog to share adventures in being a dad. Read more..." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Make Money as a Kid 🤑 [Updated 2021] Fast Ways\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n\nHigh Five Dad\n\nFamily.Finances.Blogging\n\n### Search\n\n# How to Make Money as a Kid 🤑 [Updated 2021]\n\nJanuary 1, 2021 by Eric @ High Five Dad\n\nTable of Contents\n\n * How to Make Money as a Kid\n * One of easiest and fastest ways kids can make money in 2021\n * How can young kids make money?\n * Here are 15 ways for young kids to make money:\n\n * Blogging\n * Organize Garage Sale\n * Sell Crafts\n * Walk a Dog\n * Mow Lawns\n * General Yard Work – weeds, planting, etc\n * Lemonade Stand\n * Car Wash\n * Can Recycle\n * Farmers Market\n * How to Make a Successful YouTube Channel as a Kid\n\n * YouTube Channel Ideas For Making Money as a Kid\n * Create a YouTube Channel\n * Be a TikTok Influencer\n * Instagram Marketing\n * Become a Professional Gamer\n * How to Make Money as a Kid with Stream on Twitch\n * How to Make Money as a Kid at Home and Outside (Teens)\n\n * Odd Jobs for Teens and Kids\n * Create Jewelry\n * Handyman\n * Paint House – inside and out\n * Paint Doors\n * Run Errands\n * Mow Lawns\n * How to Make Money as a Kid (Teen) Landscaping\n * Tutor\n * How to Make Money as a Kid by Design a Website\n * How to Make Money as a Kid by Start a Blog\n * Social Media Manager\n * Teach Students Coding\n * How to Make Money as a Kid (Teen) by Upgrading Computers\n * How to Make Money as a Kid with Survey Sites:\n * Birthday Kid Parties – Clown, Magician, Singer, Entertainer\n * Face Painting at Carnivals\n * Balloon Animals at Restaurants\n * Babysitting\n * Coaching Kids\n * Being a Referee\n * Pet Sit\n * Sell Used Items\n * How to Make Money as a Kid in the Winter\n * Benefits of Kids Making Money as an Entrepreneur\n\n * Becoming a teenage entrepreneur will teach you:\n * How to Make Money Fast as a Kid?\n * How Kids Can Learn the Value of Money by Working\n\n * Some simple money lessons that kids can learn are:\n\n## How to Make Money as a Kid\n\nHow to make money as a kid is a question that is asked a lot!\n\nIf you are a kid reading this you may be asking\n\nHow can I make money? I am just a kid.\n\nHere is the thing... there are kids all across the world who take have\nbusiness ideas at a young age and become millionaires while they are in high\nschool!\n\nTake for example Abbey Fleck. In 1993 she became a MULTI-MILLIONAIRE at the\nyoung age of eight for her invention “Makin Bacon”. It was a device to\nmicrowave bacon in the microwave.\n\nTalk about bringing home the bacon... [Dad joke]\n\n## One of easiest and fastest ways kids can make money in 2021\n\nSurveys!!!\n\nNo I am not kidding... Literally taking surveys on your phone will earn you\ncash!!!!\n\nWe use SurveyJunkie and make over 500-600 bucks a month! Boom! Talk about\nmaking some of the easiest cash ever!\n\nI know I know thats not going to make you a millionaire but imagine taking a\nsurvey or two during commercials, when you are bored, while you are waiting...\n\nYou are literally making money while you are bored and it’s a no brainer.\n\nAll you need to sign up is an email address. SurveyJunkie .... easiest money\nyou will ever make. Click the link to sign up and start earning money! It’s\nfast and free.\n\nStart Making Money Today\n\nWhen you click the link just click join now. The fastest way to sign up is\neither with your google account or facebook but you can use any email.\n\nJust by signing up you make $2. Boom! Its FREE money. Sign up and start\nearning some cash!\n\nFrom time to time, SurveyJunkie closes registrations. Currently it’s open.\nMake sure you sign up fast before they close down registration. I’d register\nnow just to have an account even if you don’t start the surveys yet. That way\nyou’re in even if they close registration.Start Making Money Today\n\n## How can young kids make money?\n\nJust because you are young doesn’t mean that you can’t begin to make money.\nYou can find some fast ways to make money below. If you would like to learn\nhow to make money as a kid, these ways are going to help you.\n\n## Here are 15 ways for young kids to make money:\n\n### Blogging\n\nOk so easy may not be the right word but I am not sure how else to describe\nit.\n\nBlogging...\n\nYup...\n\nStarting my blog High Five Dad was one of the best things I have ever done...\n\nYou want to know what else?!?\n\nI get paid to sit on my couch and write articles!\n\nLast month alone High Five Dad brought in thousands of dollars! I know not\nmillions of dollars but seriously, it was easier then mowing a lawn and a\nwhole lot LESS TIME!\n\nBlogs earn money in a variety of ways and you don’t have to be a killer\nwriter... as you can tell...\n\nLook around my site.\n\nYou can blog about anything and make money.\n\nMaybe your interested in video games. Create a video game review site in which\nyou write about the newest games. Include videos and Boom cash cow...\n\nMaybe you play a sport. Write create a site about football. This could be\nadvice, techniques, equipment, etc. Really there are endless ideas.\n\nHere are the 4 ways that I make money blogging:\n\n * Ads- Yup those annoying little things but they pay\n * Sponsors- People pay me to advertise their business- sorta like ads but more specific\n * Sponsored Posts- This is when I write an article about a product or service. Its my opinion, but they pay more for it.\n * Affiliate sales- This is when someone buys something after clicking my links.\n\nFirst thing that you will need is a Domain Name. Keep it short, simple and use\na .com:\n\nYou will also need Hosting. We recommend that all new bloggers use Bluehost...\n\nWhy?\n\nBecause it’s cheap... you get a FREE domain... and CHEAP!\n\nIf you want the step by step guide here you go: how to start a blog\n\nYeah... it says “how to start a dad blog” but it applies to anyone.\n\n### Organize Garage Sale\n\nAdults tend to have a lot of stuff in their house that they would love to get\nrid of. Too many times their lives are just too busy to get rid of it. Partner\nwith some adults doing all the leg work for them. This means pricing the items\nand creating advertising. Split the profits 50/50.\n\n### Sell Crafts\n\nCrafts are something almost anyone can begin to sell. This could be bracelets,\nkeychains or more elaborate door hangings. Check out these easy to start\ncrafts that you can begin selling. You can easily make $10-20 per item if you\nstart selling them on a large online marketplace (with your parents help).\n\n### Walk a Dog\n\nWe have two dogs... and I would LOVE if someone knocked on my door and asked\nto walk our dogs. I would easily pay 5-10 dollars each time. This will save me\ntime, help my dogs get exercise and help you earn money.\n\nOnce you get a little older, you can earn up to $1000 a month by pet sitting\nat places like Rover.\n\n### Mow Lawns\n\nMowing lawns is one of first side hustles I did when I was kid. Mowing lawns\ncan actually turn into a great business especially if you live in an area that\nis warm all the time. You could easily turn your weekends into a profit\nmachine. It’s possible to make around $30 per lawn, which would add up nicely\nif you get a large number of interested clients.\n\n### General Yard Work – weeds, planting, etc\n\nDon’t just stop at mowing lawns. As a budding kid entrepreneur begin working\non your upsell skills. Let the home know about those weeds in the backyard or\nhow great their lawn would look with a fresh row of new flowers. Use the\nnetwork from your lawn mowing business to cash in big time. Start handing out\nflyers and knock on doors (with your parents) to get a lot of jobs and money.\n\n### Lemonade Stand\n\nA tried and true side hustle for all kids. Whether it is just nostalgia or if\npeople really like lemonade, this is a great business idea for kids. Adults\nwill easily spend 2 or 3 dollars for a cup of lemonade just because your a\nkid! Make sure to pick your location carefully since it will affect the number\nof sales you can potentially earn. If you plan to setup your lemonade stand in\na high traffic area, ask your parents if you need a permit to sell your\nproduct.\n\n### Car Wash\n\nIf you are not afraid to roll up your sleeves and use a little elbow grease\nthis may be a great way for kids to make money. Almost everyone owns a car and\nalmost everyone likes their cars to look good. Go door to door in your\nneighborhood letting them know about your service. You can even get your\nfriends to help start a car wash event. Create some signs and start\nadvertising on the street to get some customers. After you get enough\nexperience, it’s possible to earn around $100 for each full service car wash.\n\n### Can Recycle\n\nIn some states this is an EASY way for kids to make money. I am originally\nfrom NY and we would search for cans in all sorts of places. Baseball fields,\nalong the streets, or just ask people if we could have them. Here is the\nreason why... Each can equals 5 cents! Those nickels added up.\n\n### Farmers Market\n\nDo you have access to a backyard? How about growing vegetables and selling\nthem at a farmers market. Easy selling vegetables are tomatoes, cucumbers, and\ngreen beans. You can even pickle you vegetables so they last longer and can\ncharge more!\n\n### How to Make a Successful YouTube Channel as a Kid\n\nIf you want to know how to make money as a kid but you prefer not to work\noutside, YouTube blogging will be a good opportunity for you. Many kids are\nearning through making content on YouTube nowadays. How can you that? There\nare several things can kids do... However to make a successful YouTube channel\nas a kid, you will need to find some good ideas for it. With a successful\nYouTube channel as a kid, you can potentially make more than $3000 monthly. By\nreading this article, you’ll be one step closer to your goal and be able to\nmake money as a kid at home.\n\nHere are ideas for making money as kid on YouTube.\n\n#### YouTube Channel Ideas For Making Money as a Kid\n\n * Advertising toys: There are many success stories about this on YouTube. You (or your kids) can introduce toys in his channels. Other kids will love to watch it and they will see YouTube ads related to those toys on your channel. This will provide a high click rate to your ads.\n * Introducing animals: Young kids, in particular, are very interested to learn about animals. If you are visiting zoos with your family on a regular basis, this can be a good YouTube channel idea. Since many kids are interested in watching animal videos, they will like an informative YouTube Channel about it.\n * Talking about anime and cartoons: Talking about anime and cartoons is another thing you can do. Watching anime and cartoons are favorite hobbies of kids and you can use the advantage of that very well.\n\nYou can find more information about how to create a YouTube channel below.\n\n#### Create a YouTube Channel\n\nSocial media is huge! Being a teenager you already realize that. If you love\nbeing in front of the camera, building a following on YouTube might be your\nway to make money. There are thousands of different YouTube channels that do\nproduct reviews or are meant for entertainment. You can make money by becoming\nan affiliate or through ads.\n\nStart with the basics The first thing you have to do is create a business\nchannel of your own, which is a very simple task on the YouTube platform.\n\n * Sign in to YouTube with your Gmail account and click on the user icon at the top right of the screen\n * Click on the gear icon to absorb and extract your account’s YouTube settings.\n * Click on create a new channel\n * Then select “Use a business or other name.”\n * Pick your Brand name\n\nYou can see some more information above for channel ideas and how to make\nmoney as a kid with creating a YouTube channel.\n\nFill in the About Section If you are still wondering how to start a YouTube\nchannel that promotes your brand, you can do that on your profile and channel\ndescription.\n\nThis is the first option you will see after you have created a channel. Here,\nit would be best if you composed your brand based on what viewers want to see\non your channel. This is also a great place to attach links to your website,\nblog, and other social media networks.\n\nThis description will be presented in more than one place on your channel, so\nbe sure to create your best statements and attached links.\n\nUpload your first (official) video After the completion of filming and editing\nyour first video, it is time to upload it. You will get the upload option at\nthe top right of the screen when you log into your account.\n\nAnalyze and Optimize After uploading your video, you must be conscious about\nthe performance of your channel. YouTube Analytics will assist and guide you\nproperly about the analytical framework for your video optimization. No doubt,\nit is a powerful tool for increasing web traffic on your YouTube channel.\n\n### Be a TikTok Influencer\n\nTikTok is all about creating short videos of yourself. The best way to\nincrease the number of followers is to produce entertaining content that\ndisplays your personal talents or hobbies. If you love fashion or music, make\nvideos about it. Show your personality and tell your story in the most unique\nway possible. Engaging with your audience is also important since people are\nmore likely to share your videos if you personally interact with them. Once\nyou get big enough, there are opportunities to present products in your videos\nfor money.\n\n### Instagram Marketing\n\nMaybe you are kid that doesn’t want to be in a video but you love taking\nphotos. Instagram is used by some of the largest ad marketing agencies in the\nworld to sell their product. If you have a larger following, you can begin\nselling their products to your followers.\n\n### Become a Professional Gamer\n\nIf you want to be a pro gamer and choose it as your first job, you will need\nto sharpen your skills in one game. In the realm of gaming, only the best and\ndedicated gamers can consistently earn money by placing high in gaming\ntournaments. Many tournaments and competitions are happening year-round to get\ninvolved in, as part of a team or as an individual player.\n\nHere are top tips to help you on your way to becoming a professional gamer:\n\n * Identify your platform and choose your favorite type to master.\n * Create innovative techniques to play the game in a new way.\n * Watch and learn from the rivalry of streamers and professionals, then try to connect with them.\n * Play different tournaments to earn big rewards and prizes.\n\n### How to Make Money as a Kid with Stream on Twitch\n\nSince professional gaming is too time consuming of a task for most people,\nthere is an easier option for gamers to earn money through live streaming.\nTwitch is platform that emerged to fill a niche where ordinary people can\nshare their gaming experiences with others. Although it might be difficult to\ngrow your audience when starting out, I still recommend giving it a try since\nyou might be the next great Twitch streamer.\n\nHere are the necessary equipment needed to start streaming on Twitch:\n\nSoftware Selection Software compatibility is an important part of live\nstreaming so all of them have their pros and cons. OBS Studio — OBS Studio is\nthe best selection for many starting content creators. OBS Studio is free,\nopen-source software with a superlative degree of proficiency. Streamlabs OBS\n— Monetize your channel with the Streamlabs version of OBS, which has many\nattractive characteristics. Unfortunately, it is only available on Windows.\nXSplit — XSplit is a paid version software with lots of phenomenal customizing\noptions. vMix — vMix software is one of top options for professional video\nstreamers that are looking to upgrade their live streaming setup.\n\nHardware Selection Hardware selection is more challenging to configure and\nwill vary depending on your online streaming needs. Here are some tips to\nassure a smooth live streaming experience with the help of a desktop computer:\nThe CPU — A highly configurable fast CPU is recommended for live streaming and\ncontrolling the encoding and gaming. The GPU — Nvidia GTX graphics card with\nOBS Studio for better control and monitoring. Moreover, it has built-in\nhardware encoders. Dual Computer Setup — You can use one computer for encoding\nand streaming and another computer for gaming.\n\n## How to Make Money as a Kid at Home and Outside (Teens)\n\nIf you would like your children to make money at home, these are going to be\nsome useful tips for you. You will find some several ideas below. Please let\nme know if you have any questions about those ideas.\n\n### Odd Jobs for Teens and Kids\n\nJust because you are a teenager doesn’t mean that you can’t use any of the\npreviously mentioned ways for young kids to make money. Those methods will\nwork for you to!\n\nHowever here are 20+ ways for teenagers and kids to make money.\n\nHave you ever heard of gigs? These are usually one time jobs. For instance\nduring the state fair you might be able to pick up a gig as a parking\nattendant or possibly an extra in a movie. Feel free to search Craigslist for\na whole variety of gigs that pay you for a service. Teens can really begin to\nbring in cash and make money doing these odd jobs.\n\nThe best part of these odd jobs for teenagers is not only the money it will\nbring it, but it gives you a chance to learn what you like to do.\n\n### Create Jewelry\n\nAre you artsy teen? Teens can begin making serious cash by creating costume\njewelry sells extremely well online or through places like Etsy. The great\nthing about creating jewelry is that you can also go to flea markets or art\nshows to sell your items.\n\n### Handyman\n\nAre you really good at fixing things? Some teenagers sell their handyman\nservice for serious dough. People, my mother in-law included, are always\nlooking for a good handyman. This means you might help them clean the gutters\none day, help them take down the storm shutters the next, or even do small\nhouse repairs. This is a profitable business for teenagers because you can set\nyour own price.\n\n### Paint House – inside and out\n\nDo you want to know what I hate to do?!? Paint the walls inside our house. We\nupdate our colors once every 4 or 5 years. Sometimes its a brand new color,\nwhile other times it’s just to fix spots. Becoming a painter is time intensive\nbut extremely profitable.\n\nAs a teenager, painting can be a great way to make money!!!\n\n### Paint Doors\n\nMaybe you don’t want to spend 2 or 3 days painting an entire house. One\nservice you can offer as a teenager that will easily make you money is to\npaint their front doors. Everyone who owns their home wants their house to\nshine. The first thing that people see before they come into a house is their\nfront door. Offer to update the color or just repaint sections.\n\n### Run Errands\n\nAdults are busy or at least pretend to be. If you know adults who are\nconstantly saying they don’t have enough time, ask them what are some things\nthey need done. This might be picking up the kids from daycare, shopping, or\ndoing their laundry. Find services that are taking up their time and offer to\ndo them... for a cost.\n\nWho would have thought that a teenager running errands for adults could earn\nthen money???\n\nBut it’s true!!!\n\n### Mow Lawns\n\nMowing lawns is not just a side hustle for kids. Mowing lawns can actually\nturn into a great business. You can start your business with a simple push\nmower and can scale up as you get more lawns. The bigger the equipment you\nhave the faster you can cut. Reminder: Don’t scale too fast otherwise you wont\nbe making money.\n\nThis is probably the MOST common way teenagers make money over the summer\nbesides getting a summer job.\n\nWhen I was a teenager I made a LOT of money mowing the neighbors house’s lawn.\n\n### How to Make Money as a Kid (Teen) Landscaping\n\nWhether you use your lawn mowing business as a network or if you just go door\nto door, landscaping is a highly profitable business for teenagers. If you are\nwilling to learn and put in time you can easily make thousands of dollars each\nmonth.\n\n### Tutor\n\nAs a teenager, a simple way for you to make money is to tutor. You have access\nto a huge audience... your high school. If you don’t feel comfortable tutoring\nsomeone your own age, you can tutor someone in middle school or elementary\nschool. As a teenager you can easily charge 20 dollars an hour or more!\n\n### How to Make Money as a Kid by Design a Website\n\nAre you a technically advanced teenager? If so, designing websites may be your\nway to make money. Small businesses are always looking for websites. Here is a\nsimple way to find clients. Check your local chamber of commerce. Search all\nthe local businesses. Identify all that do not have a website and go visit\nthem. Offer to build them one. For your first client, give them a discount and\nask for referrals in return.\n\n### How to Make Money as a Kid by Start a Blog\n\nAlong the same lines as building a website, start your own blog! Bloggers\noften write on a personal interest that allows them to connect and communicate\ndirectly with their readers. Most blogs have a “comments” section where\nreaders can ask their queries with the blogger. Interacting with your readers\nin the comments section helps establish a connection between the blogger and\nthe reader.\n\nBlogs take time to monetize but you can begin creating passive income. That\nmeans you will be making money while sitting in class! This site alone brings\nin over $1000 a month!\n\nHere are some important steps to start a blog:\n\n * Pick a blog name. Choose something descriptive for easy composition.\n * Get your blog online. Register your blog and get hosting and domain.\n * Customize your blog. Choose a free template and install it properly.\n * Write & publish your first post. You must have to write and publish posts very frequently for improving your website traffic.\n * Promote your blog. Use social media to get more people to read your blog.\n\n### Social Media Manager\n\n15 years ago this job didn’t really exist. But in 2021 if a business doesn’t\nhave a social media presence they are behind the times. Instead of spending\nyour times flipping through Instagram or Facebook, you can manage a business’s\naccount. That means you would get paid as teen to post on Facebook, Twitter,\nInstagram and interact with their customers!\n\n### Teach Students Coding\n\nSimilar to tutoring. If you have technical expertise in a subject such as\ncoding or building websites, you can teacher others to do that. Rather than\nbuilding websites, you can have a class teaching others to do that and\ncharging them.\n\n### How to Make Money as a Kid (Teen) by Upgrading Computers\n\nOne of my favorite pastimes as a teenager was to take apart computers and\nupgrade them. I didn’t realize until I was an adult that there is a lot of\nmoney in this. You can buy the parts wholesale or on Amazon and then mark up\nthe prices to upgrade computers.\n\n### How to Make Money as a Kid with Survey Sites:\n\nSurveys... who doesn’t like taking surveys? Completing surveys wont make you a\nteenage millionaire but it will give you extra money each month. Some websites\npay in rewards instead of cash. You can however use those rewards to get\ngiftcards which can be used like cash.\n\nThere are a lot of survey sites to use. Here are some to try.\n\n * Swagbucks\n * American Consumer Opinion\n * Survey Junkie\n * Pinecone Research\n * Harris Poll Online\n\n### Birthday Kid Parties – Clown, Magician, Singer, Entertainer\n\nBeing an entertainer is side hustle for all ages. Whether you are a singer,\nmagician or just like making people laugh, you can turn all of those into\nprofit by selling event packages for birthday parties or events.\n\nIf you are an outgoing teenager, then this method of making money is for\nyou!!!\n\nBeing a clown or singer may not be for every teen but it is a fun way of\nearning an income!\n\n### Face Painting at Carnivals\n\nNow this may be limited to towns that have carnivals or fairs often. However,\nbeing a skilled face painter can be very profitable. As a teen you may be able\nto set up your own stand at events such as fairs, carnivals or even sporting\nevents!\n\n### Balloon Animals at Restaurants\n\nWe recently went to a restaurant where they had a person going around making\nballoon animals for kids. The balloon animals were free... tips welcome. I\nasked the balloon artist when did the restaurant hire you. She told me they\ndidn’t. She walked in and offered her services. Explained the balloon animals\nwere free and parents were allowed to tip if they wanted. The restaurant got\nfree entertainment and the balloon artist got free clients. It was a win win.\n\n### Babysitting\n\nBabysitting is a great way for teenagers to make money. Once you get a few\nregulars, they will provide referrals to more and more parents bringing you\nmore business!\n\n### Coaching Kids\n\nMaybe you are an athletic teen who wants to make money. Coaching other kids\nmight be the side hustle for you. You could easily coach baseball, football,\nor soccer. If you are an expert in other individual sports such as golf or\ntennis you could offer lessons.\n\nAs a teen, coaching kids is not only rewarding but also helps pay the bills.\nThink about sports that you are good at and see if any of the local YMCA’s\nallow for coaching. This will be a great way to earn money over the summer.\n\n### Being a Referee\n\nAre you a teenager with thick skin? Ha! I joke... sorta... Being an umpire or\nreferee is a easy way to make money as a teenager. However, you may have to\ndeal with grumpy adults... just a warning.\n\n### Pet Sit\n\nWhen Michelle and I go on vacation we normally do not bring our dogs. We hate\nasking our friends and family to watch our dogs, so we normally just pay\nsomeone to come watch our dogs. For us that means feeding them twice a day,\ntaking them for a morning and afternoon walk, and letting them outside a\ncouple times a day. If you are a teenager who loves animals this might be a\ngreat way for you to earn money.\n\n### Sell Used Items\n\nAre you teenager who has 3 iPhones and a couple of old iPads laying around?\nWhat about clothes that you don’t wear anymore. Take some of your unwanted\nitems and sell them. There are ton of sites from eBay to Craigslist to even\nFacebook. Selling unwanted or used items is a fast way for teens to make\nmoney.\n\n## How to Make Money as a Kid in the Winter\n\nOne of the most unique ways to make money in the winter is helping your\nneighbors shoveling snow on their driveway. It’s going to be extremely cold\noutside so make sure you have proper clothing before you start shoveling.\nAlso, shoveling is time consuming so you should take breaks every 20 minutes\nor so. It doesn’t always need to fell like a job since you can use break time\nto build a snowman or throw a couple snowballs at your friends.\n\nThe best way to earn money in the winter is to start your own internet\nprojects. We’ve already covered the different ways to make money as a kid\nonline so make sure to review our article for more information.\n\n## Benefits of Kids Making Money as an Entrepreneur\n\nOf course the first benefit is having your own money. However, making money as\na kid provides a laundry list of other life skills and education that is\nimportant.\n\n### Becoming a teenage entrepreneur will teach you:\n\n * Value your time\n\n * As a entrepreneur you will quickly realize that time is your greatest resource.\n * Always learning\n\n * The more you know, the more your time and expertise is worth.\n * Create a vision and plan\n\n * In order to become a successful kid entrepreneur you are going to need to have a clear vision and plan to see it through.\n * Just do it\n\n * Nike’s famous slogan applies here. Don’t be afraid to take the leap and start making money now.\n\n## How to Make Money Fast as a Kid?\n\nThe million dollar question that most kids have is...\n\nhow can I make money fast?\n\nWell here is the bad news...\n\nMaking money as a kid or an adult is rarely fast... You can see some of good\nfast making money options above. If you would like to give any tips about it,\nlet me know by commenting below.\n\nThere are a number of methods above that will help you make money quicker then\nothers but the reality is, it is going to take a while to earn money.\n\nAny time you run across people promising you to make money fast... RUN!\n\nWhether you are kid or teen, making money will teach you how to become more\nresponsible with your money. Take your time and pick a gig or side hustle that\nyou like!\n\n## How Kids Can Learn the Value of Money by Working\n\nThere is something to said about earning a dollar versus giving someone a\ndollar. Whether it is chores or an actual job, when a child earns money they\nbegin to develop a respect for money.\n\nGiven the importance of financial skills in life, it is important to begin\nteaching money lessons early on .\n\n### Some simple money lessons that kids can learn are:\n\n * Waiting to buy\n * Understanding that money is a limited resource\n * Money can grow by saving it\n\nThese simple lessons will be beneficial not only when you child begins making\nmoney but also as an adult!\n\nIf you have any questions regarding how to make money as a kid subject, please\nmake a comment below. I will help you as much as I can.\n\n### More Great Posts:\n\n125 Simple Ways to Save Money Practically Pain Free 6 Insanely Easy Steps to\nMeal Plan 4 Rookie Travel Mistakes Plus Bonus Laugh\n\n## Don't Miss Out on Another High Five Dad Post\n\nKeep up with my dad'ventures, get finance tips, and hiliarious kid stories.\n\n## You have Successfully Subscribed!\n\nFiled Under: Make Money, Parenting Tips\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Mr. Thrifty says\n\nMay 23, 2018 at 10:48 pm\n\nOur kids love dogs, and we are going to encourage them to start a dog walking\nbusiness as soon as they’re able. That one was Mrs. Thrifty’s idea, and I\nfully support it!\n\n * Eric @ High Five Dad says\n\nMay 28, 2018 at 9:01 pm\n\nAbsolutely! I really think understanding money and how business works at an\nearly age will be so beneficial to my two boys.\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Budget App\n\n### Follow Us\n\nFollows\n\n * Facebook\n\n800 Followers\n\n * Twitter\n\n2.2k Followers\n\n * Pinterest\n\n787 Followers\n\n * Instagram\n\n160 Followers\n\n### Meet High Five Dad\n\nMy name is Eric (AKA High Five Dad). That’s my beautiful better half Michelle\nand my little guy Sawyer. I started to blog to share adventures in being a\ndad. Read more...\n\n© 2021 High Five Dad\n\nDisclosure Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://gigglesgalore.net/successful-lemonade-stand-tips-ideas", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210622142009/https://gigglesgalore.net/successful-lemonade-stand-tips-ideas", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Make & Have a Successful Stand", "passages": [ "Lemonade stands are a quintessential summer experience and a great way to embrace the heat, but they can also teach your kids valuable skills. I recently appeared on The Broadcast to share some of my favorite ideas for creating an extraordinary lemonade stand. With these 10 Tips for a Successful Lemonade Stand not only will you have the best lemonade stand on the block, but you and your kids are guaranteed to have a great time!", "We’ve heard it before but location is key, if you want your lemonade stand to earn lots of money you’ve got to pick the right location. Consider setting up your stand on a busy street corner, near the neighborhood swimming pool or another highly visible area (like the grocery store or local sports event, but remember you’ll need to get permission and possibly permits first.) And if you decide to set-up in front of your house make sure you pay special attention to tip #3. 🙂", "Sure you can throw out a card table and a few chairs, but a few extra details will go a long way to making your lemonade stand “stand-out!” We made our very own lemonade stand from free fence boards and jazzed it up with a pretty fabric banner made from scraps of fabric. I took it a step further and used the FREE printables from Love the Day to create cheerful decor for our lemonade stand.", "It’s no fun setting up a lemonade stand and waiting all day for customers to come. Teach your kids about marketing and the power of advertising by creating door flyers, posters and posting on social media. With the free printables from Love the Day we filled in the details for when and where we would be setting up our lemonade stand. We took a walk around the neighborhood and hung them on our neighbors door. Now, everyone knows when to come by for a refreshing glass of lemonade.", "Don’t just limit yourselves to serving lemonade at your lemonade stand, consider offering additional treats for customers to buy. We like to offer cupcakes, homemade rice krispie treats, lollipops or bubblegum. My kids love helping in the kitchen and get super excited about making special treats just for their lemonade stand. We used the free tags from Love the Day to package our rice krispie treats and party circles to make our cupcakes standout! I printed out the blank menu from Love the Day’s party package, put it in a picture frame and used a dry erase marker to write down our items and prices. This way we can reuse it and change what we offer and the price as needed.", "Don’t skimp on the quality, serve good lemonade that will keep them coming back for more. Now that doesn’t mean you need to spend days squeezing fresh lemons to have the best lemonade, you just need to make sure that what you are serving tastes good. I like to use good old fashioned Country Time Lemonade, but we add fresh strawberries to it to give it that little extra flavor that makes it so refreshing!", "Don’t be afraid to charge a lot. People don’t buy for the lemonade, they buy because your kids are so darn cute! Honestly, who can resist a lemonade stand?!? We usually sell our lemonade for $o.50, but occasionally we’ll sell it for $0.75 and the extra stuff is what we will price higher. This is also a great opportunity to talk to your kids about money, supply and demand and cost vs. profit.", "Now that you’ve priced it right, advertised and given your stand some killer curb appeal make sure you spread the wealth and share. We like to add a charity component to our lemonade stand and let the kids pick a charity they would like to donate half of their earnings to. Not only are you teaching them about earning and saving money, but you are showing them the importance of giving and helping others. It’s a great experience to see how excited they get to help others.", "Talk to your kids before hand about what good customer service looks like. Remind them to use their manners and be friendly and polite. With three kids we worked out a system so everyone feels included and our stand remains friendly and fun. Someone greets the customer and “takes their order”, the next kid fills their order while the other takes their money and gives change. They switch roles after a while so everyone gets a turn (and practice) with each role.", "Before you set up your stand set a goal to keep everyone on track. This also helps them feel a sense of pride and accomplishment when they reach the goal. Your goal can be as simple as “we’ll set up for an hour” or “we will sell 100 glasses of lemonade.” If you are raising money for a particular charity or event your goal can be more monetary focused, but either way having a goal is key to a successful stand. For this stand we had a goal to sale 2 of our Make Your Own Lemonade Stand Kits to help raise extra money for The Birthday Party Project.", "Now that you’ve planned and created an extraordinary lemonade stand don’t forget to have lots of fun! That’s what this summertime staple is all about, having fun and being a kid, the extra learning and creativity is just an added bonus!", "Be sure to check out the video below with my kids TV debut on The Broadcast and our favorite ideas for making our summer lemonade stand fun!", "Mariah Leeson is the creative mind behind www.gigglesgalore.net. With a passion for celebrating, Mariah created Giggles Galore to inspire families to celebrate life’s little moments with creative, budget friendly ideas. She loves cooking, reading, crafting, hosting parties and most of all spending time giggling with her family.", "Thanks Keisha, the Lemonade Stand Kit is one of my all time favorite ideas I’ve shared over the years! It makes great birthday gifts too! 🙂", "These are great tips! I always have wanted to do a bigger lemonade stand with goodies, but when we lived in SC everything would just melt. Now that I’m up in Wisconsin, I think this is just the post I needed to jump start our own! We always donated to the animal shelter. So fun!", "Love it, so cute. Love the video too. Your kids are adorable. Lots of great ideas and now I’m thirsty for some lemonade with strawberries.", "This is so cute! I definitely want to do this when my kids are older. If I saw this stand I would probably buy as much stuff as I had money in my wallet. I’m not kidding – the kit, a few glasses of lemonade, and a few cupcakes. Mmm!", "That is AMAZING! I love that you mentioned location — I see lots of little ones putting their stands in a cul-de-sac. Great for playing, not so good for selling!", "That is a fantastic looking lemonade stand! Thanks for the tips! I love the charity component :). Visiting from SITS Sharefest.", "Wow!! my friend and I are going to make a LS. (lemonade stand) I don’t know how to make it catchy and hot. I also want it to be organized and pretty. And are those lemonade stand pics real? If so, wow.", "Thank you Abigail, yes these are actually pictures from our lemonade stand that my kids set up frequently during the summer. I think if you follow some of our tips in this blog post and add a few special details it will be great!", "I was able to use your tips in helping me with my business project! I needed those helpful hints to get started. Now I want to make a lemonade stand this summer. Thank you! 🙂", "Wow! This is amazing! I will definitely do this with my friends even though I am a teen haha. Also, do you have a recipe or a link to make the really cute lemonade lollipops?", "My husband made the stand from on old fence, unfortunately I don’t have a tutorial for it. But it sounds like something we may need to recreate because I get asked this question all the time. 🙂", "[...] DIY projects helped make take it from ordinary to extraordinary! I transformed my homemade lemonade stand into a Tiki Hut with festive pineapple cups, beach ball gumballs and sand bucket party favors. [...]", "[...] for a little relief from the heat. My dear friend Mariah is a Lemonade Stand genius and is sharing 10 Tips for a Successful Lemonade Stand on her darling blog Giggles Galore. She has taken your traditional yellow color schemed and sassed [...]", "[...] Cocoa stands make me feel all warm and fuzzy, I mean hello besides a lemonade stand what is cuter? But this hot cocoa stand is extra special because we are using it to Share the Joy [...]", "[...] printables from Love the Day and a colorful handmade fabric banner. Read more of Mariah’s 10 tips for a successful lemonade stand to create an adorable stand of your own for your next party or cake decorating business [...]", "[...] stop snacking on it...so make sure you make an extra large batch! I put my kids’ lemonade stand on the back porch and set it up with all the fixings for our fajita buffet so guests could help [...]", "[...] Hot summer days have us longing for an endless supply of refreshing beverages and lemonade tops our list of must haves. This Pitcher Perfect Lemonade is the ultimate way to celebrate summer. It’s perfect for everything from backyard BBQs to kid-friendly lemonade stands! [...]", "[...] Lemonade stands – it’s OK to work over the summer and be independent particularly outside of any family business. [...]", "Welcome, I’m Mariah the creative mind behind Giggles Galore. I’m an event stylist, creative consultant, blogger, social butterfly and multi-tasking mom. I believe that the little details are what set ordinary events apart from EXTRAORDINARY events! [Read More ...]" ] }, "parsed_md": "10 Lemonade Stand Ideas & Tips | How to Make & Have a Successful Stand\n\nGiggles Galore\n\nblog\n\nGiggles Galore » DIY » 10 Tips for a Successful Lemonade Stand\n\nDIY Giggles Galore HOI Featured Lemonade Stand Lemonade Stand Kit Party\n\n# 10 Tips for a Successful Lemonade Stand\n\n115 shares\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n\nLemonade stands are a quintessential summer experience and a great way to\nembrace the heat, but they can also teach your kids valuable skills. I\nrecently appeared on The Broadcast to share some of my favorite ideas for\ncreating an extraordinary lemonade stand. With these 10 Tips for a Successful\nLemonade Stand not only will you have the best lemonade stand on the block,\nbut you and your kids are guaranteed to have a great time!\n\n1\\. Location, Location, Location\n\nWe’ve heard it before but location is key, if you want your lemonade stand to\nearn lots of money you’ve got to pick the right location. Consider setting up\nyour stand on a busy street corner, near the neighborhood swimming pool or\nanother highly visible area (like the grocery store or local sports event, but\nremember you’ll need to get permission and possibly permits first.) And if you\ndecide to set-up in front of your house make sure you pay special attention to\ntip #3. 🙂\n\n2\\. Give It Some Curb Appeal\n\nSure you can throw out a card table and a few chairs, but a few extra details\nwill go a long way to making your lemonade stand “stand-out!” We made our very\nown lemonade stand from free fence boards and jazzed it up with a pretty\nfabric banner made from scraps of fabric. I took it a step further and used\nthe FREE printables from Love the Day to create cheerful decor for our\nlemonade stand.\n\n3\\. Advertise\n\nIt’s no fun setting up a lemonade stand and waiting all day for customers to\ncome. Teach your kids about marketing and the power of advertising by creating\ndoor flyers, posters and posting on social media. With the free printables\nfrom Love the Day we filled in the details for when and where we would be\nsetting up our lemonade stand. We took a walk around the neighborhood and hung\nthem on our neighbors door. Now, everyone knows when to come by for a\nrefreshing glass of lemonade.\n\n4\\. Be Creative, Think Outside the Lemonade Box\n\nDon’t just limit yourselves to serving lemonade at your lemonade stand,\nconsider offering additional treats for customers to buy. We like to offer\ncupcakes, homemade rice krispie treats, lollipops or bubblegum. My kids love\nhelping in the kitchen and get super excited about making special treats just\nfor their lemonade stand. We used the free tags from Love the Day to package\nour rice krispie treats and party circles to make our cupcakes standout! I\nprinted out the blank menu from Love the Day’s party package, put it in a\npicture frame and used a dry erase marker to write down our items and prices.\nThis way we can reuse it and change what we offer and the price as needed.\n\n5\\. Quality is King\n\nDon’t skimp on the quality, serve good lemonade that will keep them coming\nback for more. Now that doesn’t mean you need to spend days squeezing fresh\nlemons to have the best lemonade, you just need to make sure that what you are\nserving tastes good. I like to use good old fashioned Country Time Lemonade,\nbut we add fresh strawberries to it to give it that little extra flavor that\nmakes it so refreshing!\n\n6\\. The Price is Right\n\nDon’t be afraid to charge a lot. People don’t buy for the lemonade, they buy\nbecause your kids are so darn cute! Honestly, who can resist a lemonade\nstand?!? We usually sell our lemonade for $o.50, but occasionally we’ll sell\nit for $0.75 and the extra stuff is what we will price higher. This is also a\ngreat opportunity to talk to your kids about money, supply and demand and cost\nvs. profit.\n\n7\\. Spread the Wealth\n\nNow that you’ve priced it right, advertised and given your stand some killer\ncurb appeal make sure you spread the wealth and share. We like to add a\ncharity component to our lemonade stand and let the kids pick a charity they\nwould like to donate half of their earnings to. Not only are you teaching them\nabout earning and saving money, but you are showing them the importance of\ngiving and helping others. It’s a great experience to see how excited they get\nto help others.\n\n8\\. Be Friendly and Polite\n\nTalk to your kids before hand about what good customer service looks like.\nRemind them to use their manners and be friendly and polite. With three kids\nwe worked out a system so everyone feels included and our stand remains\nfriendly and fun. Someone greets the customer and “takes their order”, the\nnext kid fills their order while the other takes their money and gives change.\nThey switch roles after a while so everyone gets a turn (and practice) with\neach role.\n\n9\\. Set a Goal\n\nBefore you set up your stand set a goal to keep everyone on track. This also\nhelps them feel a sense of pride and accomplishment when they reach the goal.\nYour goal can be as simple as “we’ll set up for an hour” or “we will sell 100\nglasses of lemonade.” If you are raising money for a particular charity or\nevent your goal can be more monetary focused, but either way having a goal is\nkey to a successful stand. For this stand we had a goal to sale 2 of our Make\nYour Own Lemonade Stand Kits to help raise extra money for The Birthday Party\nProject.\n\n10\\. Have Fun\n\nNow that you’ve planned and created an extraordinary lemonade stand don’t\nforget to have lots of fun! That’s what this summertime staple is all about,\nhaving fun and being a kid, the extra learning and creativity is just an added\nbonus!\n\nBe sure to check out the video below with my kids TV debut on The Broadcast\nand our favorite ideas for making our summer lemonade stand fun!\n\n * Bio\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Google+\n * Latest Posts\n * Pinterest\n\n#### Mariah\n\nMariah Leeson is the creative mind behind www.gigglesgalore.net. With a\npassion for celebrating, Mariah created Giggles Galore to inspire families to\ncelebrate life’s little moments with creative, budget friendly ideas. She\nloves cooking, reading, crafting, hosting parties and most of all spending\ntime giggling with her family.\n\n#### @Giggles_Galore\n\nFollow @Giggles_Galore\n\n#### +Mariah\n\n#### Latest posts by Mariah (see all)\n\n * DIY Watermelon Tea Towel - June 15, 2021\n * DIY Grillmaster BBQ Caddy with Cricut - June 15, 2021\n * Girls’ Guide to a Weekend in Fredericksburg - June 11, 2021\n\nhttps://www.pinterest.com/gigglesgalore/\n\n36 Comments\n\n#### Don’t Miss Out!\n\nGet EXTRAORDINARY DIY projects, unique crafts and delicious recipes delivered\nstraight to your inbox!\n\n« Girls Night Out with BJs Dine In Order Ahead App\n\nThe Creative Collection Link Party »\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Tonya (Soiree Event Design) says\n\nJune 26, 2014 at 6:36 pm\n\nLove this! That lemonade stand is fabulous!\n\nReply\n\n * Mariah says\n\nJune 26, 2014 at 10:52 pm\n\nThank you, luckily my hubby doesn’t mind making all kinds of crazy projects\nfor me to pretty up!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Keisha - Cupcake Wishes & Birthday Dreams says\n\nJune 26, 2014 at 6:36 pm\n\nI love that stand – we try and do one every summer. That kit idea is awesome!\n\nReply\n\n * Mariah says\n\nJune 26, 2014 at 10:51 pm\n\nThanks Keisha, the Lemonade Stand Kit is one of my all time favorite ideas\nI’ve shared over the years! It makes great birthday gifts too! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Chloe says\n\nJuly 14, 2015 at 6:46 pm\n\nthis is such a great idea to start a lemonade stand.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Maureen Anders of Anders RUff says\n\nJune 26, 2014 at 6:45 pm\n\nThese are great tips! I always have wanted to do a bigger lemonade stand with\ngoodies, but when we lived in SC everything would just melt. Now that I’m up\nin Wisconsin, I think this is just the post I needed to jump start our own! We\nalways donated to the animal shelter. So fun!\n\nReply\n\n 4. sunny duran says\n\nJune 27, 2014 at 1:52 pm\n\nLove it, so cute. Love the video too. Your kids are adorable. Lots of great\nideas and now I’m thirsty for some lemonade with strawberries.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Ann Marie says\n\nJune 27, 2014 at 2:07 pm\n\nI love your stand!! Recruiting the little girls upstairs to try a lemonade\nstand!!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Liz @ Liz on Call says\n\nJune 27, 2014 at 9:23 pm\n\nMy son just asked my husband to build him a lemonade stand. This is super fun!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Vicki Lesage says\n\nJuly 3, 2014 at 4:05 am\n\nThis is so cute! I definitely want to do this when my kids are older. If I saw\nthis stand I would probably buy as much stuff as I had money in my wallet. I’m\nnot kidding – the kit, a few glasses of lemonade, and a few cupcakes. Mmm!\n\nReply\n\n 8. DIANNA KENNEDY says\n\nJuly 5, 2014 at 4:03 pm\n\nThat is AMAZING! I love that you mentioned location — I see lots of little\nones putting their stands in a cul-de-sac. Great for playing, not so good for\nselling!\n\nI’ll have to give this one a try! Thanks for linking up with The Thoughtful\nSpot!\n\nReply\n\n 9. JoAnn says\n\nJuly 5, 2014 at 5:28 pm\n\nThat is a fantastic looking lemonade stand! Thanks for the tips! I love the\ncharity component :). Visiting from SITS Sharefest.\n\nReply\n\n 10. April @ The Steadfast Reader says\n\nJuly 6, 2014 at 4:30 pm\n\nOh this looks like so much fun! And also with so much educational potential!\n\nReply\n\n 11. Mandee Thomas says\n\nJuly 8, 2014 at 8:06 pm\n\nVisiting from the Inspire Us Thursday link up. This is SO cute! Thanks for\nsharing 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 12. Carrie Lindsey says\n\nJuly 10, 2014 at 1:24 am\n\nOkay, this is seriously so awesome and how COOL that the kiddos got to share\nit on TV!\n\nThanks for linking up at Wordy Wednesday. Love this!\n\nReply\n\n 13. abigail sun says\n\nMarch 11, 2016 at 7:14 pm\n\nWow!! my friend and I are going to make a LS. (lemonade stand) I don’t know\nhow to make it catchy and hot. I also want it to be organized and pretty. And\nare those lemonade stand pics real? If so, wow.\n\nReply\n\n * Mariah says\n\nMarch 14, 2016 at 9:47 am\n\nThank you Abigail, yes these are actually pictures from our lemonade stand\nthat my kids set up frequently during the summer. I think if you follow some\nof our tips in this blog post and add a few special details it will be great!\n\nReply\n\n * Abigail sun says\n\nMay 11, 2016 at 6:27 pm\n\nThanks I will! And Should We bring our siblings b/c everyone thinks they’re\nadorable.\n\nReply\n\n 14. Morgan Morris says\n\nMay 10, 2016 at 11:48 am\n\nI was able to use your tips in helping me with my business project! I needed\nthose helpful hints to get started. Now I want to make a lemonade stand this\nsummer. Thank you! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Mariah says\n\nMay 12, 2016 at 10:33 pm\n\nGlad you were able to use some of our tips, have fun with your lemonade stand\nthis summer!\n\nReply\n\n 15. Val V says\n\nAugust 5, 2016 at 4:01 pm\n\nWow! This is amazing! I will definitely do this with my friends even though I\nam a teen haha. Also, do you have a recipe or a link to make the really cute\nlemonade lollipops?\n\nReply\n\n * Mariah says\n\nAugust 5, 2016 at 10:01 pm\n\nThanks Val! I bought the lemonade lollipops at Michaels, hopefully you can\nstill find them there!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Natonya Fedeyko says\n\nSeptember 10, 2017 at 10:39 am\n\nCan you make lollipops\n\nReply\n\n 17. emmy says\n\nFebruary 13, 2018 at 2:08 am\n\nhow do you make the lemon lollipops\n\nReply\n\n * Mariah says\n\nFebruary 16, 2018 at 9:56 am\n\nHi Emmy, I purchased those from Michaels.\n\nReply\n\n 18. emmy says\n\nFebruary 14, 2018 at 7:51 pm\n\nhow do you make the stand\n\nReply\n\n * Mariah says\n\nFebruary 16, 2018 at 9:58 am\n\nMy husband made the stand from on old fence, unfortunately I don’t have a\ntutorial for it. But it sounds like something we may need to recreate because\nI get asked this question all the time. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 19. Fatima says\n\nJune 20, 2018 at 7:30 pm\n\nEveryone is in Texas these days... Great tips though!\n\nReply\n\n### Trackbacks\n\n 1. The Weekly Kids Co-Op Link Party – July 10th » Weekly Kids Co-Op says:\n\nJuly 10, 2014 at 11:05 am\n\n[...] 10 Tips for a Successful Lemonade Stand (Giggles Galore) [...]\n\nReply\n\n 2. Tropical Luau Party – Giggles Galore says:\n\nJuly 11, 2014 at 6:43 am\n\n[...] DIY projects helped make take it from ordinary to extraordinary! I\ntransformed my homemade lemonade stand into a Tiki Hut with festive pineapple\ncups, beach ball gumballs and sand bucket party favors. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 3. FREE Lemonade Stand Signs & Printables by Love The Day says:\n\nJuly 28, 2014 at 4:39 pm\n\n[...] for a little relief from the heat. My dear friend Mariah is a Lemonade\nStand genius and is sharing 10 Tips for a Successful Lemonade Stand on her\ndarling blog Giggles Galore. She has taken your traditional yellow color\nschemed and sassed [...]\n\nReply\n\n 4. Hot Cocoa Stand - Share the Joy - Giggles Galore says:\n\nNovember 12, 2014 at 5:54 am\n\n[...] Cocoa stands make me feel all warm and fuzzy, I mean hello besides a\nlemonade stand what is cuter? But this hot cocoa stand is extra special\nbecause we are using it to Share the Joy [...]\n\nReply\n\n 5. Pucker Up For These Sweet Lemonade Cake Designs and Treat Ideas says:\n\nMarch 27, 2015 at 6:47 pm\n\n[...] printables from Love the Day and a colorful handmade fabric banner. Read\nmore of Mariah’s 10 tips for a successful lemonade stand to create an adorable\nstand of your own for your next party or cake decorating business [...]\n\nReply\n\n 6. Cinco de Mayo Party - Giggles Galore says:\n\nApril 30, 2015 at 1:21 pm\n\n[...] stop snacking on it...so make sure you make an extra large batch! I put\nmy kids’ lemonade stand on the back porch and set it up with all the fixings\nfor our fajita buffet so guests could help [...]\n\nReply\n\n 7. Pitcher Perfect Lemonade - Giggles Galore says:\n\nJuly 20, 2015 at 6:01 am\n\n[...] Hot summer days have us longing for an endless supply of refreshing\nbeverages and lemonade tops our list of must haves. This Pitcher Perfect\nLemonade is the ultimate way to celebrate summer. It’s perfect for everything\nfrom backyard BBQs to kid-friendly lemonade stands! [...]\n\nReply\n\n 8. Summer Activities | Grandchildren Fun - NANA'S CORNER says:\n\nJune 12, 2016 at 11:47 am\n\n[...] Lemonade stands – it’s OK to work over the summer and be independent\nparticularly outside of any family business. [...]\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nWelcome, I’m Mariah the creative mind behind Giggles Galore. I’m an event\nstylist, creative consultant, blogger, social butterfly and multi-tasking mom.\nI believe that the little details are what set ordinary events apart from\nEXTRAORDINARY events! [Read More ...]\n\n#### Most Popular Posts\n\n## Mistletoe and Margaritas Holiday Party\n\nposted in Christmas, Dinner Party, Entertaining, Fiesta, Giggles Galore,\nHoliday, Holiday Entertaining, Oriental Trading, Party\n\n## Taco ‘Bout Love Valentine Fiesta\n\nposted in DIY, Entertaining, Fiesta, Free, Giggles Galore, Holiday, Love,\nOriental Trading, Party, Valentine's Day\n\n## Trendy Graduation Party Ideas for Girls\n\nposted in Cookies and Milk, DIY, Fiesta, Giggles Galore, Oriental Trading,\nParty\n\n## Muffin Tin Monday Fiesta\n\nposted in Crafts, Fiesta, Muffin Tin Monday\n\n## 6 Tips for a Fiesta Themed Graduation Party\n\nposted in Crafts, Entertaining, Fiesta, Free, Giggles Galore, Party, Summer\nEntertaining\n\n#### You might also like\n\n## DIY Watermelon Tea Towel\n\n## DIY Grillmaster BBQ Caddy with Cricut\n\n## Girls’ Guide to a Weekend in Fredericksburg\n\n## Teen Tiki Time Birthday Party Ideas\n\n## 80s Inspired Rad Grad Graduation Party\n\n#### Instagram\n\nHippity Hoppity, It's finally starting to feel lik\n\nOur bags are packed and we are ready for a new fam\n\nI am officially over the cold weather and rain. I\n\nSometimes it's a zoo around here! So these last mi\n\nIt's #tacotuesday the week of Valentine's Day so i\n\nIt’s officially the week of Valentines and the h\n\nCan you believe Valentine's Day is this Friday?! Y\n\nLoad More... Follow on Instagram\n\nCopyright © 2021 GIGGLES GALORE | Custom Design by How Sweet Designs\n\n115 shares\n\nDon’t Miss Out!\n\nGet EXTRAORDINARY DIY projects, unique crafts and delicious recipes delivered\nstraight to your inbox!\n\n×\n\n" } ]
1,815,449
How To Teach Handwriting
To teach handwriting, start by giving your students worksheets that they can practice tracing the alphabet on. You can also have them practice drawing vertical, horizontal, diagonal, and curved lines so they're familiar with the different strokes they'll need to know. Once they're comfortable with that, assign them a few letters at a time to work on so they don't get overwhelmed. After you've worked through the alphabet, use guide paper to teach your students about letter size, spacing, and slant.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20161231120646/http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/curves-and-tunnels-pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418025429/https://www.readingrockets.org/article/importance-teaching-handwriting", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161231061934/http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/join-pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210812011633/http://www.kidzone.ws/cursive/index.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161113093022/http://kidshealth.org:80/en/parents/handwriting.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210529140156/http://www.ldonline.org/spearswerling/The_Importance_of_Teaching_Handwriting", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161231120047/http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/diagonal-pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210918085657/https://teachhandwriting.co.uk/pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210513121515/https://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/profdev/profdev110.shtml", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180703050620/http://www.designastudy.com:80/teaching/tips-1198.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170615181302/http://www.hwtears.com:80/hwt/why-it-works/teaching-order", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161019200635/http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/letter-formation.html" ]
train
772
[ { "original_url": "http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/curves-and-tunnels-pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161231120646/http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/curves-and-tunnels-pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Teaching how curves and tunnels writing patterns are formed.", "passages": [ "We have provided worksheets, that can be printed off, to support your child as they start to learn these patterns." ] }, "parsed_md": "Teaching how curves and tunnels writing patterns are formed.\n\nAll rights reserved © Copyright Teach Children Ltd | Sitemap | Contact Us |\nDisclaimer | About Us | Facebook | Twitter\n\nChinese proverb\n\n@en\n\nContact Us About Us\n\n# Curves and Tunnels Pre-handwriting Patterns\n\nPractising curves and tunnels line patterns teaches your child the correct\ndirectional and orientational pushes and pulls\n\nof the pencil required to form the curved shapes of letters for all\nhandwriting fonts.\n\nWe have provided worksheets, that can be printed off, to support your child as\nthey start to learn these patterns.\n\nCurve Pre-handwriting Patterns\n\nTunnel Pre-handwriting Patterns\n\nClick on the pattern below to view the animation.\n\nBeginners worksheets Refiners worksheets Beginners worksheets Refiners\nworksheets\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.readingrockets.org/article/importance-teaching-handwriting", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418025429/https://www.readingrockets.org/article/importance-teaching-handwriting", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Importance of Teaching Handwriting", "passages": [ "After a long period of neglect in education, attention to teaching handwriting in the primary grades may finally be returning. This attention can benefit many youngsters, including those with learning disabilities (LDs) involving handwriting, which may accompany reading disabilities, writing disabilities, nonverbal learning disabilities, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.", "Although word-processing programs and assistive technology are undeniably boons to children with writing problems, technological advances do not eliminate the need for explicit teaching of handwriting. Furthermore, very modest amounts of instructional time in the earliest grades – kindergarten and grade one – may help to prevent later writing difficulties for many children.", "One involves the concept of mental resources to which I have alluded in several other columns, in relation to reading and mathematics as well as writing. Just as effortful word decoding may impair reading comprehension, or lack of automatic recall may reduce the mental resources available for learning advanced computational algorithms in math, labored handwriting creates a drain on mental resources needed for higher-level aspects of writing, such as attention to content, elaboration of details, and organization of ideas.", "Because handwriting is a basic tool used in many subjects – taking notes, taking tests, and doing classroom work and homework for almost every content area as well as in language arts classes – poor handwriting can have a pervasive effect on school performance.", "Moreover, when handwriting is perceived as arduous and time-consuming, motivation to write may be greatly reduced, leading to a lack of practice that may further compound difficulties with writing.", "Finally, handwriting in the earliest grades is linked to basic reading and spelling achievement; for example, when children learn how to form the letter m, they can also be learning its sound. Attention to the linkages among handwriting, reading, and spelling skills can help to reinforce early achievement across these areas.", "At one time, manuscript (print) writing was typically taught in first grade, whereas cursive was introduced later, usually in third grade. Historically, some authorities argued for the superiority of one form over the other for children with LDs, most often for the superiority of cursive over manuscript.", "However, there is little evidence that cursive is easier to learn than manuscript, and there are clear advantages to having children focus on the form of writing similar to what they must read in print.", "Most critically, children should be able to use at least one form to produce legible, reasonably effortless writing, and instruction should focus on the form that appears most likely to lead to that outcome, especially for older children with handwriting difficulties.", "Execution includes correct and consistent pencil hold, posture, and letter formation. Counterproductive habits in these latter areas are not always obvious from looking only at writing samples and can greatly impede progress in handwriting. For instance, young children may \"draw\" a letter such as m using separate strokes, starting on the right side of the letter. Forming the letter beginning on the left side, without lifting the pencil from the paper, is much more conducive to building eventual speed of writing.", "Speed is important as children advance beyond the first few grades so that they can use writing efficiently in a variety of tasks.", "If children have learned both manuscript and cursive, as is often the case with older youngsters, then assessment should consider the execution, legibility, and speed of both forms of writing.", "Relatively modest investments of instructional time devoted to handwriting – perhaps the equivalent of ten or fifteen minutes daily – may pay off in preventing later writing problems, including difficulties with higher-level composition skills.", "The early years of schooling are especially critical for handwriting instruction; once children have formed counterproductive habits in handwriting, such as poor pencil hold or inefficient letter formation, those habits can be difficult to change.", "Even for young children, however, handwriting instruction should occur in the context of a broader program of written expression in which children learn many other writing skills and develop motivation to write.", "Of course, children also should have access to word-processing programs and assistive technology, with appropriate accommodations as needed for individual students.", "Children should learn a highly consistent way to form a given letter every time they write it. Although some letters, such as f and t, require lifting the pencil from the paper to make a second stroke, teach letter formation using a continuous stroke (without lifting the pencil from the paper) when possible.", "For example, teach children to write the letter b by starting at the top with a vertical stroke, then making the loop to the right without lifting the pencil, rather than having children form the vertical line and the loop in separate strokes.", "When children are learning to form a new letter, it is helpful to begin with large movements such as forming the letter in the air; have children use a sweeping movement with the entire arm, not just the hand. This initial practice should emphasize learning the motor pattern with correct formation of the letter (e.g., as discussed for the letter b above) rather than writing the letter on paper with perfect legibility or size.", "Teach similarly formed letters together, and use an instructional sequence that takes into account both ease of formation and frequency in words.", "For instance, the manuscript letters c, a, and d all begin with the same loop and can be taught in one group; i should be taught before y because it is simpler to form and is needed more frequently to write words.", "Children appear less likely to confuse visually similar letters if they have learned one letter of a confusable pair well prior to introduction of the other letter of the pair. In addition, it can be helpful to teach children to form confusable letters differently; for example, b starts at the top whereas d starts with the loop.", "Especially when the teacher is working with large groups of youngsters, monitoring each child while he or she is writing may be difficult. Written arrow cues for tracing dotted letters and copying letters are important so that children do not inadvertently practice incorrect letter formation repeatedly.", "For instance, while children are practicing writing a given letter, they can also be saying the sound the letter makes.", "Unlike manuscript writing, cursive writing involves making connections between letters within a word. Once children can form individual letters, explicit teaching of letter connections is important.", "Connections involving four letters – cursive b, o, v, and w – followed by a subsequent letter (e.g., as in the words bed, on, have, will) are often especially confusing for children, because unlike most cursive connections, these do not involve going back down to the bottom line before writing the subsequent letter.", "Whether children are learning manuscript or cursive, speed should not be emphasized until children can form letters legibly and from memory. With either form, however, children must eventually develop enough speed to use writing efficiently in tasks such as note-taking or test-taking.", "It also is useful to distinguish different standards for legibility depending on the purpose for writing; for example, in taking notes, \"messy\" handwriting is entirely acceptable as long as children can easily read their own writing.", "Berninger, V., & Graham, S. (1998). Language by hand: A synthesis of a decade of research on handwriting. Handwriting Review, 12, 11-25.", "Connelly, V., Dockrell, J., & Barnett, J. (2005). The slow handwriting of undergraduate students constrains overall performance in exam essays. Educational Psychology, 25, 99-107.", "Edwards, L. (2003). Writing instruction in kindergarten: Examining an emerging area of research for children with writing and reading difficulties. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36, 136.", "Graham, S., Harris, K. R., & Fink, B. (2000). Is handwriting causally related to learning to write? Treatment of handwriting problems in beginning writers. Journal of Educational Psychology, 92, 620-633.", "Graham, S., Struck, M., Richardson, J.,& Berninger, V. (2006). Dimensions of good and poor handwriting legibility in first and second graders. Developmental Neuropsychology, 29, 43-60.", "Graham, S., Weinstein, N., & Berninger, V. (2001). Which manuscript letters do primary grade children write legibly? Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 488-497.", "Contribution of lower order skills to the written composition of college students with and without dyslexia. Connelly, V., Campbell, S., MacLean, M., & Barnes, J. (2006). Developmental Neuropsychology, 29, 175-196.", "About LD OnLine | Contact Us | LD Basics | ADHD Basics | Questions + Answers | Glossary | LD Topics Teaching Kids with LD | For Families | Kids' Voices | Expert Advice | LD Resources IDEA 2004 | Contributors | First Person | Newsletters | Calendar | En Español | Forums | How to Advertise" ] }, "parsed_md": "The Importance of Teaching Handwriting | Reading Rockets\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# Reading Rockets\n\n * Donate\n * About Us\n * WETA\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * RSS\n * YouTube\n\nDonate\n\n * Research, Guides and Resources\n * Our PBS Shows\n * Video\n * Blogs\n * Fun Stuff\n * Audience\n\n# The Importance of Teaching Handwriting\n\nBy: Louise Spear-Swerling\n\nAfter a long period of neglect in education, attention to teaching handwriting\nin the primary grades may finally be returning. This attention can benefit\nmany youngsters, including those with learning disabilities (LDs) involving\nhandwriting, which may accompany reading disabilities, writing disabilities,\nnonverbal learning disabilities, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.\n\nAlthough word-processing programs and assistive technology are undeniably\nboons to children with writing problems, technological advances do not\neliminate the need for explicit teaching of handwriting. Furthermore, very\nmodest amounts of instructional time in the earliest grades — kindergarten and\ngrade one — may help to prevent later writing difficulties for many children.\n\n## Why handwriting is important\n\nContrary to the view that handwriting is a trivial skill, handwriting actually\nis important for a number of reasons.\n\nOne involves the concept of mental resources to which I have alluded in\nseveral other columns, in relation to reading and mathematics as well as\nwriting. Just as effortful word decoding may impair reading comprehension, or\nlack of automatic recall may reduce the mental resources available for\nlearning advanced computational algorithms in math, labored handwriting\ncreates a drain on mental resources needed for higher-level aspects of\nwriting, such as attention to content, elaboration of details, and\norganization of ideas.\n\nBecause handwriting is a basic tool used in many subjects — taking notes,\ntaking tests, and doing classroom work and homework for almost every content\narea as well as in language arts classes — poor handwriting can have a\npervasive effect on school performance.\n\nMoreover, when handwriting is perceived as arduous and time-consuming,\nmotivation to write may be greatly reduced, leading to a lack of practice that\nmay further compound difficulties with writing.\n\nFinally, handwriting in the earliest grades is linked to basic reading and\nspelling achievement; for example, when children learn how to form the letter\nm, they can also be learning its sound. Attention to the linkages among\nhandwriting, reading, and spelling skills can help to reinforce early\nachievement across these areas.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Manuscript or cursive?\n\nAt one time, manuscript (print) writing was typically taught in first grade,\nwhereas cursive was introduced later, usually in third grade. Historically,\nsome authorities argued for the superiority of one form over the other for\nchildren with LDs, most often for the superiority of cursive over manuscript.\n\nHowever, there is little evidence that cursive is easier to learn than\nmanuscript, and there are clear advantages to having children focus on the\nform of writing similar to what they must read in print.\n\nMost critically, children should be able to use at least one form to produce\nlegible, reasonably effortless writing, and instruction should focus on the\nform that appears most likely to lead to that outcome, especially for older\nchildren with handwriting difficulties.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Assessment of handwriting skills\n\nAssessment of handwriting should incorporate observations of execution,\nlegibility, and speed of writing.\n\nExecution includes correct and consistent pencil hold, posture, and letter\nformation. Counterproductive habits in these latter areas are not always\nobvious from looking only at writing samples and can greatly impede progress\nin handwriting. For instance, young children may \"draw\" a letter such as m\nusing separate strokes, starting on the right side of the letter. Forming the\nletter beginning on the left side, without lifting the pencil from the paper,\nis much more conducive to building eventual speed of writing.\n\nLegibility involves the readability of letters, as well as spacing within and\nbetween words.\n\nSpeed is important as children advance beyond the first few grades so that\nthey can use writing efficiently in a variety of tasks.\n\nIf children have learned both manuscript and cursive, as is often the case\nwith older youngsters, then assessment should consider the execution,\nlegibility, and speed of both forms of writing.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Instruction in handwriting\n\nRelatively modest investments of instructional time devoted to handwriting —\nperhaps the equivalent of ten or fifteen minutes daily — may pay off in\npreventing later writing problems, including difficulties with higher-level\ncomposition skills.\n\nThe early years of schooling are especially critical for handwriting\ninstruction; once children have formed counterproductive habits in\nhandwriting, such as poor pencil hold or inefficient letter formation, those\nhabits can be difficult to change.\n\nEven for young children, however, handwriting instruction should occur in the\ncontext of a broader program of written expression in which children learn\nmany other writing skills and develop motivation to write.\n\nOf course, children also should have access to word-processing programs and\nassistive technology, with appropriate accommodations as needed for individual\nstudents.\n\nHere are a few specific suggestions for teaching handwriting:\n\n### Teach children consistent formation of letters using a continuous stroke\nif possible.\n\nChildren should learn a highly consistent way to form a given letter every\ntime they write it. Although some letters, such as f and t, require lifting\nthe pencil from the paper to make a second stroke, teach letter formation\nusing a continuous stroke (without lifting the pencil from the paper) when\npossible.\n\nFor example, teach children to write the letter b by starting at the top with\na vertical stroke, then making the loop to the right without lifting the\npencil, rather than having children form the vertical line and the loop in\nseparate strokes.\n\n### Focus initially on learning the motor pattern rather than perfect\nlegibility or size.\n\nWhen children are learning to form a new letter, it is helpful to begin with\nlarge movements such as forming the letter in the air; have children use a\nsweeping movement with the entire arm, not just the hand. This initial\npractice should emphasize learning the motor pattern with correct formation of\nthe letter (e.g., as discussed for the letter b above) rather than writing the\nletter on paper with perfect legibility or size.\n\n### Teach similarly formed letters together, and use an instructional sequence\nthat takes into account both ease of formation and frequency in words.\n\nFor instance, the manuscript letters c, a, and d all begin with the same loop\nand can be taught in one group; i should be taught before y because it is\nsimpler to form and is needed more frequently to write words.\n\n### Separate reversible letters such as b and d.\n\nChildren appear less likely to confuse visually similar letters if they have\nlearned one letter of a confusable pair well prior to introduction of the\nother letter of the pair. In addition, it can be helpful to teach children to\nform confusable letters differently; for example, b starts at the top whereas\nd starts with the loop.\n\n### Use written arrow cues to help children remember how to form letters.\n\nEspecially when the teacher is working with large groups of youngsters,\nmonitoring each child while he or she is writing may be difficult. Written\narrow cues for tracing dotted letters and copying letters are important so\nthat children do not inadvertently practice incorrect letter formation\nrepeatedly.\n\n### For children at beginning stages of reading and spelling, integrate\nhandwriting instruction with instruction in letter sounds.\n\nFor instance, while children are practicing writing a given letter, they can\nalso be saying the sound the letter makes.\n\n### In teaching cursive, explicitly teach connections between letters as well\nas formation of single letters.\n\nUnlike manuscript writing, cursive writing involves making connections between\nletters within a word. Once children can form individual letters, explicit\nteaching of letter connections is important.\n\nConnections involving four letters — cursive b, o, v, and w — followed by a\nsubsequent letter (e.g., as in the words bed, on, have, will) are often\nespecially confusing for children, because unlike most cursive connections,\nthese do not involve going back down to the bottom line before writing the\nsubsequent letter.\n\n### Aim for speed as well as legibility.\n\nWhether children are learning manuscript or cursive, speed should not be\nemphasized until children can form letters legibly and from memory. With\neither form, however, children must eventually develop enough speed to use\nwriting efficiently in tasks such as note-taking or test-taking.\n\nIt also is useful to distinguish different standards for legibility depending\non the purpose for writing; for example, in taking notes, \"messy\" handwriting\nis entirely acceptable as long as children can easily read their own writing.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Related articles\n\n * Dysgraphia Accommodations and Modifications\n * From Illegible to Understandable\n * Helping Students Who Struggle to Write\n * Prevention and Intervention of Writing Difficulties for Students with Learning Disabilities\n * Tech Tools for Students with Learning Disabilities\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Helpful links\n\n * Writing Disabilities: An Overview\n * Contribution of lower order skills to the written composition of college students with and without dyslexia. Connelly, V., Campbell, S., MacLean, M., & Barnes, J. (2006). Developmental Neuropsychology, 29, 175-196.\n * Handwriting: A Key to Literacy\n * Handwriting Readiness: Locatives and Visuomotor Skills in the Kindergarten Year\n\nBack to Top\n\nReferences\n\n## References\n\nClick the \"References\" link above to hide these references.\n\nBerninger, V., & Graham, S. (1998). Language by hand: A synthesis of a decade\nof research on handwriting. Handwriting Review, 12, 11-25.\n\nConnelly, V., Dockrell, J., & Barnett, J. (2005). The slow handwriting of\nundergraduate students constrains overall performance in exam essays.\nEducational Psychology, 25, 99-107.\n\nEdwards, L. (2003). Writing instruction in kindergarten: Examining an emerging\narea of research for children with writing and reading difficulties. Journal\nof Learning Disabilities, 36, 136.\n\nGraham, S., Harris, K. R., & Fink, B. (2000). Is handwriting causally related\nto learning to write? Treatment of handwriting problems in beginning writers.\nJournal of Educational Psychology, 92, 620-633.\n\nGraham, S., Struck, M., Richardson, J.,& Berninger, V. (2006). Dimensions of\ngood and poor handwriting legibility in first and second graders.\nDevelopmental Neuropsychology, 29, 43-60.\n\nGraham, S., Weinstein, N., & Berninger, V. (2001). Which manuscript letters do\nprimary grade children write legibly? Journal of Educational Psychology, 93,\n488-497.\n\n### Other helpful sources\n\nBerninger, V. (2004). Understanding the graphia in dysgraphia. In D. Dewey &\nD. Tupper (Eds.), Developmental motor disorders: A neuropsychological\nperspective (pp. 328-350). New York: Guilford.\n\nBerninger, V. W., & Amtmann, D. (2003). Preventing written expression\ndisabilities through early and continuing assessment and intervention for\nhandwriting and/or spelling problems: Research into practice. In H. L.\nSwanson, K. R. Harris, & S. Graham (Eds.), Handbook of Learning Disabilities\n(pp. 345-363). New York: Guilford.\n\nTroia, G.A. (2006). Writing instruction for students with learning\ndisabilities. In C.A. MacArthur, S. Graham, & J. Fitzgerald (Eds.), Handbook\nof writing research. New York: Guilford.\n\nLouise Spear-Swerling (2006)\n\n## Reprints\n\nYou are welcome to print copies or republish materials for non-commercial use\nas long as credit is given to Reading Rockets and the author(s). For\ncommercial use, please contact info@readingrockets.org.\n\n## Related Topics\n\nCurriculum and Instruction\n\nWriting\n\n## Add comment\n\n## New and Popular\n\nFinding Children’s Books in a Pandemic\n\nTransitioning from Word Walls to Sound Walls\n\nSupporting Children with Autism During COVID-19\n\nThe Simple View of Reading\n\nMary Amato’s Tips for Keeping a Writer’s Notebook\n\nUnderstanding and Assessing Fluency\n\nGet Widgets |\n\nSubscribe\n\n## Our Literacy Blogs\n\nShanahan on Literacy\n\nTimothy Shanahan\n\nDoes Close Reading Reject the Science of Reading?\n\nSound It Out\n\nDr. Joanne Meier\n\nKids and educational media\n\nPage by Page\n\nMaria Salvadore\n\nCollaboration on the gridiron: an interview with Fred Bowen and James Ransome\n\nGet Widget |\n\nSubscribe\n\n#### Literacy Apps\n\nFind the best apps for building literacy skills.\n\n#### Target the Problem\n\nPinpoint the problem a struggling reader is having and discover ways to help.\n\n#### Ready for Kindergarten\n\nWhat parents, teachers and child care providers need to know.\n\n#### Our Podcasts\n\nWatch or listen to our classroom video, author interviews and more.\n\n#### FAQs About Reading\n\nReal questions from parents and educators, answered by experts.\n\nReading Rockets is a national multimedia project that offers a wealth of\nresearch-based reading strategies, lessons, and activities designed to help\nyoung children learn how to read and read better. 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Copyright © 2021 WETA Public\nBroadcasting\n\n * About Us\n * Mission\n * Advisors\n * Partners\n * Staff\n * Awards\n * Donate\n * Contact Us\n\n * Reprint Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy\n\n## Teaching Reading\n\n * Classroom Strategies\n * Reading Basics\n * Reading 101 Course\n * Looking at Writing\n * Common Core\n * Who's At Risk\n * What Else Matters\n * Our PBS Shows\n * Meet the Experts\n * Webcasts\n * Literacy Apps\n * Glossary\n * Inclusive Classrooms\n\n## Struggling Readers\n\n * Why Some Kids Struggle\n * Target the Problem!\n * Getting Your Child Evaluated\n * Parent as Advocate\n * Finding Help\n * Self-Esteem\n * Put Downs & Comebacks\n * FAQs\n\n## Children's Books & Authors\n\n * Author Interviews\n * Author Studies\n * Themed Booklists\n * Nonfiction\n * Choosing Books\n * Summer Booklists\n * Holiday Gifts\n * Award-Winning Books\n * Literacy Calendar\n\nFun Stuff\n\n## Video\n\n * Our PBS Shows\n * In the Classroom\n * Meet the Experts\n * Webcasts\n\n## Audience\n\n * Parent\n * Teacher\n * Principal\n * Librarian\n * Literacy Volunteer\n * Preschool Teacher\n * School Counselor\n * School Psychologist\n * Speech Pathologist\n * PBS Station\n\n## Blogs\n\n * Shanahan on Literacy\n * Right to Read\n * Book Life\n * Page by Page\n * Reading Without Walls\n * Summer Adventures: Read. Talk. Explore!\n * Aiming for Access\n * School Matters\n * Sound It Out\n\nReading Topics A-Z\n\nResearch, Guides & Resources\n\n## Connect and share\n\n * Newsletters\n * Growing Readers\n * Today's Headlines\n * Widgets\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * RSS\n * YouTube\n\nVisit WETA's other education websites: Start with a Book | Colorín Colorado |\nAdLit | LD OnLine\n\n\"Once you learn to read, you will be forever free.\" — Frederick Douglass\n\n * Parent\n * Teacher\n * Principal\n * Librarian\n * Literacy Volunteer\n * Preschool Teacher\n * School Counselor\n * School Psychologist\n * Speech Pathologist\n * PBS Station\n\nClassroom Strategies\n\nResearch-based teaching strategies\n\nReading Basics From print awareness to comprehension\n\nReading 101 Course K-3 professional development course\n\nLooking at Writing\n\nWriting samples from real kids pre-K–3\n\nMore in Teaching Reading:\n\n * Inclusive Classrooms\n * Who's at Risk\n * What Else Matters\n * Expert Interviews\n * Webcasts\n * Reading 101 for Parents\n * Books About Reading\n * Literacy Apps\n * Glossary\n\nWhy Some Kids Struggle\n\nThe reasons why some kids struggle with reading\n\nTarget the Problem! Pinpoint the problem a struggling reader is having and how\nto help\n\nReading Interventions Watch one-on-one reading support in action with K-3\nstudents\n\nFAQs Questions about reading, writing, dyslexia and more\n\nMore in Struggling Readers:\n\n * Getting Your Child Evaluated\n * Parent as Advocate\n * Finding Help\n * Self-Esteem\n * Put Downs & Comebacks\n * 10 Things to Know About Reading\n\n * Assistive Technology\n * Autism\n * Comprehension\n * Content area literacy\n * Dyslexia\n\n * Early literacy development\n * English language learners\n * Fluency\n * Oral language\n\n * Parent engagement\n * Phonological and phonemic awareness\n * Phonics and decoding\n * Reading aloud\n * Spelling & word study\n\n * STEM literacy\n * Summer reading\n * Vocabulary\n * Writing\n * See all Topics A-Z\n\nAuthor Interviews Meet your favorite authors and illustrators in our video\ninterviews\n\nBook Finder Create your own booklists from our library of 5,000 books!\n\nThemed Booklists Dozens of carefully selected booklists, for kids 0-12 years\nold\n\nNonfiction for Kids Tips on finding great books, reading nonfiction and more\n\nMore in Books & Authors:\n\n * Author Study Toolkit\n * Choosing and Using Kids' Books\n * Summer Booklists\n * Holiday Gift Guides\n * Award-Winning Books\n * Literacy Calendar\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/join-pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161231061934/http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/join-pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Teaching how join pre-handwriting patterns are formed.", "passages": [ "We have provided worksheets, that can be printed off, to support your child as they start to learn these patterns." ] }, "parsed_md": "Teaching how join pre-handwriting patterns are formed.\n\nAll rights reserved © Copyright Teach Children Ltd | Sitemap | Contact Us |\nDisclaimer | About Us | Facebook | Twitter\n\nChinese proverb\n\n@en\n\nContact Us About Us\n\n# Pre-handwriting Join Patterns\n\nPractising the different join patterns teaches your child the correct\ndirectional and orientational pushes and pulls of the pencil\n\nrequired to join letters for cursive and continuous cursive fonts.\n\nWe have provided worksheets, that can be printed off, to support your child as\nthey start to learn these patterns.\n\nClick on the pattern below to view the animation.\n\nBeginners worksheets Refiners worksheets\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.kidzone.ws/cursive/index.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210812011633/http://www.kidzone.ws/cursive/index.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cursive Writing", "passages": [ "All children develop as individuals. Parents and caregivers should use the age ratings below as a general guideline, taking the abilities, temperament and interests of their children into account.", "Just like printing, cursive writing is typically not presented in alphabetical order. I've chosen to present the letters in groups that are formed in a similar manner (you'll find this is what most schools do). The worksheets build on one another so you'll want to begin with the letter a and add letters in the order listed. It is important to build when it comes to handwriting as the key difference between cursive writing and printing is that the letters flow together (connect).", "Present lower case letters first -- you can quickly begin forming words so that cursive handwriting can be incorporated with other lessons such as spelling and social studies.", "Note: Of course, the first thing every child I've ever met has wanted to learn to write is their name -- and I always approach learning as something fun, so by all means encourage them to do this. The worksheets on this page won't help you, but pop over to our customizable cursive tracer pages to type in your child's name (or anything else that tickles their fancy).", "The Rockin' Round letters are a group of letters that are formed using the same basic steps as the letter a.", "The Climb 'n' Slide letters are a group of letters that are formed using the same basic steps as the letter i.", "The Loopy letters are a group of letters that are formed using the same basic steps as the letter e.", "The Lumpy letters are a group of letters that are formed using the same basic steps as the letter n." ] }, "parsed_md": "Cursive Writing\n\n[Back] [Alphabet Recognition Games] [Consonants] [Dolch Word Lists] [Phonics]\n[Poetry Projects] [Pre-Printing Practice] [Reading] [Tracer Pages] [Vowels]\n[Writing]\n\n# KidZone Grade 3 and up Cursive Writing Worksheets\n\n[Age Rating] [Introduction] [Printable Worksheets]\n\n## Age Rating\n\nAll children develop as individuals. Parents and caregivers should use the age\nratings below as a general guideline, taking the abilities, temperament and\ninterests of their children into account.\n\n * Ages 9+ Can complete without assistance.\n * Age 8 Can complete with minimal assistance after directions are given.\n * Age 7 Introduction to cursive writing concepts -- can complete with adult assistance.\n\n## Introduction\n\nJust like printing, cursive writing is typically not presented in alphabetical\norder. I've chosen to present the letters in groups that are formed in a\nsimilar manner (you'll find this is what most schools do). The worksheets\nbuild on one another so you'll want to begin with the letter a and add letters\nin the order listed. It is important to build when it comes to handwriting as\nthe key difference between cursive writing and printing is that the letters\nflow together (connect).\n\nPresent lower case letters first -- you can quickly begin forming words so\nthat cursive handwriting can be incorporated with other lessons such as\nspelling and social studies.\n\nNote: Of course, the first thing every child I've ever met has wanted to learn\nto write is their name -- and I always approach learning as something fun, so\nby all means encourage them to do this. The worksheets on this page won't help\nyou, but pop over to our customizable cursive tracer pages to type in your\nchild's name (or anything else that tickles their fancy).\n\nAlso, check out the Cursive Alphabet Coloring Pages for some fun cursive\npractice pages to compliment these worksheets.\n\n## Printable Worksheets\n\n### Rockin' Round Letters: a d g q c\n\nThe Rockin' Round letters are a group of letters that are formed using the\nsame basic steps as the letter a.\n\nCursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter a| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet\nfor the Letter d| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter g| Cursive\nHandwriting Worksheet for the Letter q| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet for the\nLetter c \n---|---|---|---|--- \n \n### Climb 'n' Slide Letters: i u w t\n\nThe Climb 'n' Slide letters are a group of letters that are formed using the\nsame basic steps as the letter i.\n\nCursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter i| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet\nfor the Letter u| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter w| Cursive\nHandwriting Worksheet for the Letter t \n---|---|---|--- \n \n### Loopy Letters: e l h k b f j\n\nThe Loopy letters are a group of letters that are formed using the same basic\nsteps as the letter e.\n\nCursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter e| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet\nfor the Letter l| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter h| Cursive\nHandwriting Worksheet for the Letter k \n---|---|---|--- \nCursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter b| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet\nfor the Letter f| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter j \n \n### Lumpy Letters: n m v x\n\nThe Lumpy letters are a group of letters that are formed using the same basic\nsteps as the letter n.\n\nCursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter n| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet\nfor the Letter m| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter v| Cursive\nHandwriting Worksheet for the Letter x \n---|---|---|--- \n \n### Mix 'n' Match: p r s o y z\n\nThe Mix 'n' Match letters have mixed attributes of two or more of the other\ncategories.\n\nCursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter p| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet\nfor the Letter r| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter s \n---|---|--- \nCursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter o| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet\nfor the Letter y| Cursive Handwriting Worksheet for the Letter z \n \nCursive handwriting worksheets from DLTK-Teach\n\nPractice your scissor skills with these fun colouring page worksheets! Just\ndon't cut the flower!\n\nHOME\n\nABOUT US\n\nSEARCH\n\nPreschool\n\nKindergarten\n\nGrade One\n\nGrade Two\n\nGrade Three\n\nGrade Four\n\nGeography\n\nLanguage Arts\n\nLesson Plans\n\nMath\n\nScience\n\nTheme Units\n\n(bibliography) (links) (contact us) (print help) (privacy policy)\n\nCopyright © 1998-2021 DLTK's Inc. - All Rights Reserved\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://kidshealth.org:80/en/parents/handwriting.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161113093022/http://kidshealth.org:80/en/parents/handwriting.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Your Child's Handwriting", "passages": [ "This might've seemed like an automatic and mindless task, but your body and mind had to work closely together to complete a series of steps in the right order. You had to pick up a pen or pencil, hold it steady, remember what color you wanted to use as an answer, think about what letters appear in the word and in what order, move your wrist and hand in the right way to shape the letters, follow what you wrote with your eyes, and apply the proper amount of pressure to the paper.", "Even though we do it every day, writing is one of the most complex tasks that humans engage in, involving both motor and critical-thinking skills. It's not surprising that learning to write is a process that takes years to complete. It also happens in order, with each skill building on the last.", "As with reading, kids are aware of writing from infancy, especially when they're exposed to it regularly. By being read to and seeing you write, your child begins to understand at a very young age that written words have meaning.", "It's only a matter of time before kids start trying to create words on their own. All children start writing by scribbling, an activity most toddlers enjoy. To do it, they must use coordination to hold the crayon, keep the paper still, and apply enough pressure to make a mark on the paper.", "As time goes on, with lots of practice, they'll start to realize that not only can they make marks to create a pattern, but by repeating the same movements, they can make the pattern again.", "At around 3 or 4 years old, kids may start to practice writing, and included among the scribbles may be recognizable letters. For example, you may notice your child writes all of the letters of his or her name in a seemingly random way on different parts of the piece of paper. That's because kids learn to write individual letters before they learn how to put them together to form a word.", "As they continue to read and develop an understanding of how words work, kids start to understand how to group letters into words. Between kindergarten and first grade, most learn to put letters together into words and will use these words to label pictures that they draw. Kids this age usually use only capital letters and will not include spaces between words. They will also use \"invented spelling,\" writing words with no vowels (for example, BBYDLL for baby doll).", "Eventually, with practice and formal schooling, kids learn what are called the conventions of print — writing from left to right, the difference between uppercase and lowercase letters, how to put spaces between words, and how to use correct spelling in most instances.", "As kids get older and develop more motor control, their handwriting becomes smaller and neater. Between second and fourth grade, kids learn to write in cursive and will apply the conventions of handwriting automatically.", "Even as we move to a society driven by keyboards, kids still need to learn to write by hand. Handwriting is so much more than simply putting letters on a page; it is a key part of learning to read and communicate. In fact, experts think that developing writing skills reinforces reading skills and vice versa.", "In order to read, a child needs to understand that letters stand for sounds and that the sounds are put together to make words. Learning to write letters is an important part of this understanding.", "When preschoolers start imitating the letters that they see around them, they show that they understand the connection between the sounds they hear and the words they see on the page. When kindergartners use \"invented\" spelling, they're practicing writing words the way they sound, which helps them as they learn to read. When first-graders use words to create a poem or write about an experience, they're experimenting with language and sharing their stories with those around them.", "As kids grow older and start to use a keyboard, the motor control and communication skills they've gained through handwriting will help them become more successful writers because they'll know how to transfer their thoughts into words.", "Handwriting is also important because kids are required to use it daily in school from kindergarten on. Children who struggle with the mechanics of handwriting may have trouble taking notes or tests or completing their schoolwork. This can affect both their self-esteem and their attitude toward school.", "An important part of helping kids develop early literacy skills is giving them chances to practice. As soon as your child is old enough to scribble (as early as 1 year old for some kids) offer some fat, chunky crayons or markers and a big piece of paper and let him or her experiment.", "As your child grows older, create a special art center with lots of paper (you can bring scrap paper home from work or save junk mail) and many different kinds of art supplies like markers, crayons, colored pencils, and paint and brushes.", "You can even encourage your child to practice writing and drawing while you're outside, providing sidewalk chalk or a bucket of water and a brush to \"paint\" on the pavement. The more practice kids get using their hands in this way, the more they'll develop the muscles, skills, and coordination necessary for forming letters.", "As your child enters school and starts practicing writing there, continue to find ways to practice at home too. Suggest writing letters and thank-you notes to friends and family. Ask for help writing a list or recipe. Buy a notebook to use as a journal and suggest that your child spend time at the end of each day writing in it.", "If your child's handwriting continues to be messy and hard to read even after formal instruction at school, try these tips:", "Help your child take it slow. Many kids struggle with writing because they try to do it quickly. Encourage your child to take time to form the letters carefully.", "Reinforce proper letter formation. Find out from your child's teacher how he or she should be forming letters, and then encourage your child to practice writing using those patterns. Using lined paper can be helpful.", "Make sure the pencil is properly positioned. Ideally your child will use what is called a tripod grasp. This means the pencil should rest near the base of the thumb, held in place with the thumb, index, and middle fingers. Plastic pencil grips sold at office supply stores may help if your child has trouble holding a pencil properly.", "Make sure your child has the hand strength to write. Provide your child with resistive materials like clay and play dough, squirt toys, sponges to squeeze, bread dough to knead, or cookie dough to stir.", "Expose your child to lots of words. You can do this by reading regularly together, pointing out words that surround you (such as street signs or product labels), and by hanging up examples of your child's writing around the house.", "It is important for all kids, even those who struggle to write, to practice using their handwriting. It is also certainly OK to have them start practicing keyboarding skills, even at a young age. But unless an occupational therapist recommends it, kids should not use a computer with a keyboard to complete schoolwork that their peers are completing by hand.", "Kids develop at different rates, and just like adults, handwriting varies greatly among them. Some kids have trouble learning the direction letters go in; others struggle to write neatly or use cursive writing.", "Sometimes writing problems can be a sign of other issues such as developmental delay or learning disabilities. Often these problems have multiple symptoms, with writing being only one component.", "visual or sequential ordering problems that cause uneven spacing of words, and inability to make lists or put ideas in order", "If your child is struggling with writing, you may choose to have him or her assessed by an occupational therapist. This can help you determine if your child needs actual therapy and tutoring or just some additional writing practice at home.", "Learning to read and write is key to success at school and in life. So whether you work together to make a book or spend time on the weekend writing letters to Grandma, when you write with your child, you help him or her develop important skills.", "Note: All information on KidsHealth® is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor." ] }, "parsed_md": "Your Child's Handwriting\n\nSkip Navigation\n\n# KidsHealth\n\n## from Nemours\n\n### for Parents\n\n#### for Kids\n\n##### for Teens\n\n * Parents Home\n * General Health\n * Growth & Development\n * Infections\n * Diseases & Conditions\n * Pregnancy & Baby\n * Nutrition & Fitness\n * Emotions & Behavior\n * School & Family Life\n * First Aid & Safety\n * Doctors & Hospitals\n * Q&A\n * Recipes\n * En Español\n\nTeachers - Looking for Health Lessons? Visit KidsHealth in the Classroom\n\n#### What Other Parents Are Reading\n\n * Upsetting News Reports? What to Say\n * Vaccines: Which Ones & When?\n * Smart School Lunches\n * Emmy-Nominated Video \"Cerebral Palsy: Shannon's Story\"\n * 5 Things to Know About Zika & Pregnancy\n\n# Your Child's Handwriting\n\nKidsHealth > For Parents > Your Child's Handwriting\n\n * AAA\n\n##### What's in this article?\n\n * Learning to Write\n * Practicing Writing\n * Importance of Handwriting\n * Encouraging Handwriting\n * Signs of Handwriting Problems\n\nBefore you read this article, quickly write the answer to this question: What\nis your favorite color?\n\nThis might've seemed like an automatic and mindless task, but your body and\nmind had to work closely together to complete a series of steps in the right\norder. You had to pick up a pen or pencil, hold it steady, remember what color\nyou wanted to use as an answer, think about what letters appear in the word\nand in what order, move your wrist and hand in the right way to shape the\nletters, follow what you wrote with your eyes, and apply the proper amount of\npressure to the paper.\n\n### Learning to Write\n\nEven though we do it every day, writing is one of the most complex tasks that\nhumans engage in, involving both motor and critical-thinking skills. It's not\nsurprising that learning to write is a process that takes years to complete.\nIt also happens in order, with each skill building on the last.\n\nAs with reading, kids are aware of writing from infancy, especially when\nthey're exposed to it regularly. By being read to and seeing you write, your\nchild begins to understand at a very young age that written words have\nmeaning.\n\nIt's only a matter of time before kids start trying to create words on their\nown. All children start writing by scribbling, an activity most toddlers\nenjoy. To do it, they must use coordination to hold the crayon, keep the paper\nstill, and apply enough pressure to make a mark on the paper.\n\nAs time goes on, with lots of practice, they'll start to realize that not only\ncan they make marks to create a pattern, but by repeating the same movements,\nthey can make the pattern again.\n\ncontinue\n\n### Practicing Writing\n\nAt around 3 or 4 years old, kids may start to practice writing, and included\namong the scribbles may be recognizable letters. For example, you may notice\nyour child writes all of the letters of his or her name in a seemingly random\nway on different parts of the piece of paper. That's because kids learn to\nwrite individual letters before they learn how to put them together to form a\nword.\n\nAs they continue to read and develop an understanding of how words work, kids\nstart to understand how to group letters into words. Between kindergarten and\nfirst grade, most learn to put letters together into words and will use these\nwords to label pictures that they draw. Kids this age usually use only capital\nletters and will not include spaces between words. They will also use\n\"invented spelling,\" writing words with no vowels (for example, BBYDLL for\nbaby doll).\n\nEventually, with practice and formal schooling, kids learn what are called the\nconventions of print — writing from left to right, the difference between\nuppercase and lowercase letters, how to put spaces between words, and how to\nuse correct spelling in most instances.\n\nAs kids get older and develop more motor control, their handwriting becomes\nsmaller and neater. Between second and fourth grade, kids learn to write in\ncursive and will apply the conventions of handwriting automatically.\n\n### Importance of Handwriting\n\nEven as we move to a society driven by keyboards, kids still need to learn to\nwrite by hand. Handwriting is so much more than simply putting letters on a\npage; it is a key part of learning to read and communicate. In fact, experts\nthink that developing writing skills reinforces reading skills and vice versa.\n\nIn order to read, a child needs to understand that letters stand for sounds\nand that the sounds are put together to make words. Learning to write letters\nis an important part of this understanding.\n\nWhen preschoolers start imitating the letters that they see around them, they\nshow that they understand the connection between the sounds they hear and the\nwords they see on the page. When kindergartners use \"invented\" spelling,\nthey're practicing writing words the way they sound, which helps them as they\nlearn to read. When first-graders use words to create a poem or write about an\nexperience, they're experimenting with language and sharing their stories with\nthose around them.\n\nAs kids grow older and start to use a keyboard, the motor control and\ncommunication skills they've gained through handwriting will help them become\nmore successful writers because they'll know how to transfer their thoughts\ninto words.\n\nHandwriting is also important because kids are required to use it daily in\nschool from kindergarten on. Children who struggle with the mechanics of\nhandwriting may have trouble taking notes or tests or completing their\nschoolwork. This can affect both their self-esteem and their attitude toward\nschool.\n\npreviouscontinue\n\n### Encouraging Handwriting\n\nAn important part of helping kids develop early literacy skills is giving them\nchances to practice. As soon as your child is old enough to scribble (as early\nas 1 year old for some kids) offer some fat, chunky crayons or markers and a\nbig piece of paper and let him or her experiment.\n\nAs your child grows older, create a special art center with lots of paper (you\ncan bring scrap paper home from work or save junk mail) and many different\nkinds of art supplies like markers, crayons, colored pencils, and paint and\nbrushes.\n\nYou can even encourage your child to practice writing and drawing while you're\noutside, providing sidewalk chalk or a bucket of water and a brush to \"paint\"\non the pavement. The more practice kids get using their hands in this way, the\nmore they'll develop the muscles, skills, and coordination necessary for\nforming letters.\n\nAs your child enters school and starts practicing writing there, continue to\nfind ways to practice at home too. Suggest writing letters and thank-you notes\nto friends and family. Ask for help writing a list or recipe. Buy a notebook\nto use as a journal and suggest that your child spend time at the end of each\nday writing in it.\n\nIf your child's handwriting continues to be messy and hard to read even after\nformal instruction at school, try these tips:\n\n * Help your child take it slow. Many kids struggle with writing because they try to do it quickly. Encourage your child to take time to form the letters carefully.\n * Explain that mistakes happen. Teach your child how to use an eraser.\n * Reinforce proper letter formation. Find out from your child's teacher how he or she should be forming letters, and then encourage your child to practice writing using those patterns. Using lined paper can be helpful.\n * Make sure the pencil is properly positioned. Ideally your child will use what is called a tripod grasp. This means the pencil should rest near the base of the thumb, held in place with the thumb, index, and middle fingers. Plastic pencil grips sold at office supply stores may help if your child has trouble holding a pencil properly.\n * Make sure your child has the hand strength to write. Provide your child with resistive materials like clay and play dough, squirt toys, sponges to squeeze, bread dough to knead, or cookie dough to stir.\n * Expose your child to lots of words. You can do this by reading regularly together, pointing out words that surround you (such as street signs or product labels), and by hanging up examples of your child's writing around the house.\n\nIt is important for all kids, even those who struggle to write, to practice\nusing their handwriting. It is also certainly OK to have them start practicing\nkeyboarding skills, even at a young age. But unless an occupational therapist\nrecommends it, kids should not use a computer with a keyboard to complete\nschoolwork that their peers are completing by hand.\n\npreviouscontinue\n\n### Signs of Handwriting Problems\n\nKids develop at different rates, and just like adults, handwriting varies\ngreatly among them. Some kids have trouble learning the direction letters go\nin; others struggle to write neatly or use cursive writing.\n\nSometimes writing problems can be a sign of other issues such as developmental\ndelay or learning disabilities. Often these problems have multiple symptoms,\nwith writing being only one component.\n\nConditions that can affect a child's ability to write include:\n\n * memory problems that prevent a child from remembering spelling, grammar, or punctuation rules\n * language problems that cause difficulty with word pronunciation, spelling, and sentence structure\n * visual or sequential ordering problems that cause uneven spacing of words, and inability to make lists or put ideas in order\n * dysgraphia, a neurological disorder characterized by writing difficulties (such as distorted letters or misspellings) regardless of reading ability\n * attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)\n\nChildren who have special needs also may have trouble learning to write.\n\nSigns that a child may need additional assistance with learning how to write\ninclude:\n\n * a very awkward pencil grip\n * illegible handwriting\n * difficulty forming letters\n * an inability to concentrate and complete writing tasks\n * avoiding writing\n * many misspelled words\n * letters or words that don't follow correct sequence\n * incorrect placement of words on the page\n * uneven spacing between letters\n * a large gap between spoken language and writing ability\n * an exceptionally slow and difficult time writing\n\nIf your child is struggling with writing, you may choose to have him or her\nassessed by an occupational therapist. This can help you determine if your\nchild needs actual therapy and tutoring or just some additional writing\npractice at home.\n\nLearning to read and write is key to success at school and in life. So whether\nyou work together to make a book or spend time on the weekend writing letters\nto Grandma, when you write with your child, you help him or her develop\nimportant skills.\n\nReviewed by: Wendy Harron, BS, OTR/L\n\nDate reviewed: March 2014\n\nprevious\n\n1 • 2 • 3 • 4\n\n * For Teens\n * For Kids\n * For Parents\n\n## MORE ON THIS TOPIC\n\n * Dysgraphia Special Needs Factsheet\n * Occupational Therapy\n * School-Age Readers\n * Helping Reluctant Readers\n * Everyday Reading Opportunities\n * Top 10 Homework Tips\n * Understanding Dyslexia\n\n * Going to an Occupational Therapist\n * Five Steps to Better Handwriting\n\n * Understanding Dyslexia\n\n * Contact Us\n * Print\n * Resources\n\n * Send to a friend\n * Reprint Guidelines\n\nNote: Clicking these links will take you to a site outside of KidsHealth's\ncontrol.\n\n * About KidsHealth\n * About Nemours\n * Contact Us\n * Partners\n * Editorial Policy\n * Privacy Policy & Terms of Use\n\nVisit the Nemours Web site.\n\nNote: All information on KidsHealth® is for educational purposes only. For\nspecific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.\n\n© 1995- The Nemours Foundation. All rights reserved.\n\nImages provided by The Nemours Foundation, iStock, Getty Images, Corbis, Veer,\nScience Photo Library, Science Source Images, Shutterstock, and Clipart.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.ldonline.org/spearswerling/The_Importance_of_Teaching_Handwriting", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210529140156/http://www.ldonline.org/spearswerling/The_Importance_of_Teaching_Handwriting", "parsed_text": { "title": "Teaching how diagonal pre-handwriting patterns are formed.", "passages": [ "We have provided worksheets, that can be printed off, to support your child as they start to learn these patterns." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Importance of Teaching Handwriting | LD OnLine\n\n \n \n Skip over navigation\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Newsletter\n\nSearch LD OnLine:\n\n * Home\n\n * Getting Started\n\n * LD Basics\n * ADHD Basics\n * Questions + Answers\n * Glossary\n\n * LD Topics\n\n * Multimedia\n\n * Teaching Kids with LD\n\n * For Families\n\n * Kids' Voices\n\n * Finding Help\n\n * Expert Advice\n * LD Resources\n * NJCLD\n\n * Support Us\n\n * Features\n\n * IDEA\n * Contributors\n\n * Landmark School Resources\n * PowerUp WHAT WORKS\n * Dale S. Brown\n * Rick Lavoie\n * Louise Spear-Swerling\n * Regina G. Richards\n * Personal Stories\n * Newsletters\n * Calendar\n * En español\n * Forums\n\n * About Us\n\nYou are here: > Contributors > Dr. Louise Spear-Swerling > The Importance of\nTeaching Handwriting\n\nLouise Spear-Swerling\n\n# The Importance of Teaching Handwriting\n\nAugust 2006\n\nAfter a long period of neglect in education, attention to teaching handwriting\nin the primary grades may finally be returning. This attention can benefit\nmany youngsters, including those with learning disabilities (LDs) involving\nhandwriting, which may accompany reading disabilities, writing disabilities,\nnonverbal learning disabilities, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.\n\nAlthough word-processing programs and assistive technology are undeniably\nboons to children with writing problems, technological advances do not\neliminate the need for explicit teaching of handwriting. Furthermore, very\nmodest amounts of instructional time in the earliest grades – kindergarten and\ngrade one – may help to prevent later writing difficulties for many children.\n\n## Why handwriting is important\n\nContrary to the view that handwriting is a trivial skill, handwriting actually\nis important for a number of reasons.\n\nOne involves the concept of mental resources to which I have alluded in\nseveral other columns, in relation to reading and mathematics as well as\nwriting. Just as effortful word decoding may impair reading comprehension, or\nlack of automatic recall may reduce the mental resources available for\nlearning advanced computational algorithms in math, labored handwriting\ncreates a drain on mental resources needed for higher-level aspects of\nwriting, such as attention to content, elaboration of details, and\norganization of ideas.\n\nBecause handwriting is a basic tool used in many subjects – taking notes,\ntaking tests, and doing classroom work and homework for almost every content\narea as well as in language arts classes – poor handwriting can have a\npervasive effect on school performance.\n\nMoreover, when handwriting is perceived as arduous and time-consuming,\nmotivation to write may be greatly reduced, leading to a lack of practice that\nmay further compound difficulties with writing.\n\nFinally, handwriting in the earliest grades is linked to basic reading and\nspelling achievement; for example, when children learn how to form the letter\nm, they can also be learning its sound. Attention to the linkages among\nhandwriting, reading, and spelling skills can help to reinforce early\nachievement across these areas.\n\n## Manuscript or cursive?\n\nAt one time, manuscript (print) writing was typically taught in first grade,\nwhereas cursive was introduced later, usually in third grade. Historically,\nsome authorities argued for the superiority of one form over the other for\nchildren with LDs, most often for the superiority of cursive over manuscript.\n\nHowever, there is little evidence that cursive is easier to learn than\nmanuscript, and there are clear advantages to having children focus on the\nform of writing similar to what they must read in print.\n\nMost critically, children should be able to use at least one form to produce\nlegible, reasonably effortless writing, and instruction should focus on the\nform that appears most likely to lead to that outcome, especially for older\nchildren with handwriting difficulties.\n\n## Assessment of handwriting skills\n\nAssessment of handwriting should incorporate observations of execution,\nlegibility, and speed of writing.\n\nExecution includes correct and consistent pencil hold, posture, and letter\nformation. Counterproductive habits in these latter areas are not always\nobvious from looking only at writing samples and can greatly impede progress\nin handwriting. For instance, young children may \"draw\" a letter such as m\nusing separate strokes, starting on the right side of the letter. Forming the\nletter beginning on the left side, without lifting the pencil from the paper,\nis much more conducive to building eventual speed of writing.\n\nLegibility involves the readability of letters, as well as spacing within and\nbetween words.\n\nSpeed is important as children advance beyond the first few grades so that\nthey can use writing efficiently in a variety of tasks.\n\nIf children have learned both manuscript and cursive, as is often the case\nwith older youngsters, then assessment should consider the execution,\nlegibility, and speed of both forms of writing.\n\n## Instruction in handwriting\n\nRelatively modest investments of instructional time devoted to handwriting –\nperhaps the equivalent of ten or fifteen minutes daily – may pay off in\npreventing later writing problems, including difficulties with higher-level\ncomposition skills.\n\nThe early years of schooling are especially critical for handwriting\ninstruction; once children have formed counterproductive habits in\nhandwriting, such as poor pencil hold or inefficient letter formation, those\nhabits can be difficult to change.\n\nEven for young children, however, handwriting instruction should occur in the\ncontext of a broader program of written expression in which children learn\nmany other writing skills and develop motivation to write.\n\nOf course, children also should have access to word-processing programs and\nassistive technology, with appropriate accommodations as needed for individual\nstudents.\n\nHere are a few specific suggestions for teaching handwriting:\n\n * Teach children consistent formation of letters using a continuous stroke if possible.\n\nChildren should learn a highly consistent way to form a given letter every\ntime they write it. Although some letters, such as f and t, require lifting\nthe pencil from the paper to make a second stroke, teach letter formation\nusing a continuous stroke (without lifting the pencil from the paper) when\npossible.\n\nFor example, teach children to write the letter b by starting at the top with\na vertical stroke, then making the loop to the right without lifting the\npencil, rather than having children form the vertical line and the loop in\nseparate strokes.\n\n * Focus initially on learning the motor pattern rather than perfect legibility or size.\n\nWhen children are learning to form a new letter, it is helpful to begin with\nlarge movements such as forming the letter in the air; have children use a\nsweeping movement with the entire arm, not just the hand. This initial\npractice should emphasize learning the motor pattern with correct formation of\nthe letter (e.g., as discussed for the letter b above) rather than writing the\nletter on paper with perfect legibility or size.\n\n * Teach similarly formed letters together, and use an instructional sequence that takes into account both ease of formation and frequency in words.\n\nFor instance, the manuscript letters c, a, and d all begin with the same loop\nand can be taught in one group; i should be taught before y because it is\nsimpler to form and is needed more frequently to write words.\n\n * Separate reversible letters such as b and d.\n\nChildren appear less likely to confuse visually similar letters if they have\nlearned one letter of a confusable pair well prior to introduction of the\nother letter of the pair. In addition, it can be helpful to teach children to\nform confusable letters differently; for example, b starts at the top whereas\nd starts with the loop.\n\n * Use written arrow cues to help children remember how to form letters.\n\nEspecially when the teacher is working with large groups of youngsters,\nmonitoring each child while he or she is writing may be difficult. Written\narrow cues for tracing dotted letters and copying letters are important so\nthat children do not inadvertently practice incorrect letter formation\nrepeatedly.\n\n * For children at beginning stages of reading and spelling, integrate handwriting instruction with instruction in letter sounds.\n\nFor instance, while children are practicing writing a given letter, they can\nalso be saying the sound the letter makes.\n\n * In teaching cursive, explicitly teach connections between letters as well as formation of single letters.\n\nUnlike manuscript writing, cursive writing involves making connections between\nletters within a word. Once children can form individual letters, explicit\nteaching of letter connections is important.\n\nConnections involving four letters – cursive b, o, v, and w – followed by a\nsubsequent letter (e.g., as in the words bed, on, have, will) are often\nespecially confusing for children, because unlike most cursive connections,\nthese do not involve going back down to the bottom line before writing the\nsubsequent letter.\n\n * Aim for speed as well as legibility.\n\nWhether children are learning manuscript or cursive, speed should not be\nemphasized until children can form letters legibly and from memory. With\neither form, however, children must eventually develop enough speed to use\nwriting efficiently in tasks such as note-taking or test-taking.\n\nIt also is useful to distinguish different standards for legibility depending\non the purpose for writing; for example, in taking notes, \"messy\" handwriting\nis entirely acceptable as long as children can easily read their own writing.\n\n## Examples of sources\n\n### Peer-reviewed journal articles\n\nBerninger, V., & Graham, S. (1998). Language by hand: A synthesis of a decade\nof research on handwriting. Handwriting Review, 12, 11-25.\n\nConnelly, V., Dockrell, J., & Barnett, J. (2005). The slow handwriting of\nundergraduate students constrains overall performance in exam essays.\nEducational Psychology, 25, 99-107.\n\nEdwards, L. (2003). Writing instruction in kindergarten: Examining an emerging\narea of research for children with writing and reading difficulties. Journal\nof Learning Disabilities, 36, 136.\n\nGraham, S., Harris, K. R., & Fink, B. (2000). Is handwriting causally related\nto learning to write? Treatment of handwriting problems in beginning writers.\nJournal of Educational Psychology, 92, 620-633.\n\nGraham, S., Struck, M., Richardson, J.,& Berninger, V. (2006). Dimensions of\ngood and poor handwriting legibility in first and second graders.\nDevelopmental Neuropsychology, 29, 43-60.\n\nGraham, S., Weinstein, N., & Berninger, V. (2001). Which manuscript letters do\nprimary grade children write legibly? Journal of Educational Psychology, 93,\n488-497.\n\n### Other helpful sources\n\nBerninger, V. (2004). Understanding the graphia in dysgraphia. In D. Dewey &\nD. Tupper (Eds.), Developmental motor disorders: A neuropsychological\nperspective (pp. 328-350). New York: Guilford.\n\nBerninger, V. W., & Amtmann, D. (2003). Preventing written expression\ndisabilities through early and continuing assessment and intervention for\nhandwriting and/or spelling problems: Research into practice. In H. L.\nSwanson, K. R. Harris, & S. Graham (Eds.), Handbook of Learning Disabilities\n(pp. 345-363). New York: Guilford.\n\nTroia, G.A. (2006). Writing instruction for students with learning\ndisabilities. In C.A. MacArthur, S. Graham, & J. Fitzgerald (Eds.), Handbook\nof writing research. New York: Guilford.\n\n## LD OnLine links\n\n * Dysgraphia Accommodations and Modifications\n * From Illegible to Understandable\n * Helping Students Who Struggle to Write\n * Prevention and Intervention of Writing Difficulties for Students with Learning Disabilities\n * Tech Tools for Students with Learning Disabilities\n\n## Other helpful links\n\n * National Center for Learning Disabilities: Dysgraphia Fact Sheet\n * Writing Disabilities: An Overview\n * Contribution of lower order skills to the written composition of college students with and without dyslexia. Connelly, V., Campbell, S., MacLean, M., & Barnes, J. (2006). Developmental Neuropsychology, 29, 175-196.\n * Handwriting: A Key to Literacy\n * Handwriting Readiness: Locatives and Visuomotor Skills in the Kindergarten Year\n\n©2021 WETA. All Rights Reserved. | Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions | Site\nIndex | Home\n\nAbout LD OnLine | Contact Us | LD Basics | ADHD Basics | Questions + Answers |\nGlossary | LD Topics Teaching Kids with LD | For Families | Kids' Voices |\nExpert Advice | LD Resources IDEA 2004 | Contributors | First Person |\nNewsletters | Calendar | En Español | Forums | How to Advertise\n\nLD OnLine works in association with the National Joint Committee on Learning\nDisabilities (NJCLD). Learn more.\n\nLD OnLine is an educational service of public television station WETA in\nWashington, D.C.\n\nVisit WETA's educational web sites:\n\nLD OnLine® is a registered trademark of WETA.\n\nStay informed! Subscribe to our e-mail newsletter.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/diagonal-pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161231120047/http://www.teachhandwriting.co.uk/diagonal-pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Pre-handwriting pattern animations and worksheets", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Teaching how diagonal pre-handwriting patterns are formed.\n\nAll rights reserved © Copyright Teach Children Ltd | Sitemap | Contact Us |\nDisclaimer | About Us | Facebook | Twitter\n\nChinese proverb\n\n@en\n\nContact Us About Us\n\n# Diagonal Line Pre-handwriting Patterns\n\nPractising diagonal line patterns teaches your child the correct directional\nand orientational pushes and pulls of the pencil\n\nrequired to form the diagonal lines of letters for all handwriting fonts.\n\nWe have provided worksheets, that can be printed off, to support your child as\nthey start to learn these patterns.\n\nClick on the pattern below to view the animation.\n\nBeginners worksheets Refiners worksheets\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://teachhandwriting.co.uk/pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210918085657/https://teachhandwriting.co.uk/pre-handwriting-patterns.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Teach Handwriting", "passages": [ "Do you think good handwriting is a skill of the past, made obsolete by the computer keyboard? Think again! According to Kate Gladstone, handwriting repairwoman and national director of the World Handwriting Contest, handwriting instruction might be neglected in today's classrooms, but it's hardly unnecessary. Each year in the United States, says Gladstone:", "$200,000,000 in time and money is lost because poor handwriting results in such problems as confused and inefficient employees, phone calls made to wrong or non-existent numbers, and letters and packages delivered to incorrect addresses -- or not delivered at all.", "And the repercussions of poor handwriting aren't limited to the workplace; they begin in the classroom. According to Gladstone, repeated research has shown that even when teachers are told not to take off points for bad handwriting, poor handwriting results in lower grades -- as much as a full letter grade lower -- for similar or identical work.", "What are teachers doing to remedy the poor handwriting of those who suffer from their largely unconscious prejudice? Apparently, not much. Classroom handwriting instruction averages around 5-10 minutes a week, says Gladstone, with almost no instruction at all provided beyond third grade.", "That figure isn't surprising, however, when you consider that few teacher education programs in the United States today address handwriting instruction. As a result, according to Steve Graham, a professor of special education at the University of Maryland, about three-quarters of the elementary school teachers he surveyed believed they weren't adequately prepared to teach handwriting. If you're one of those teachers, perhaps the following information can help!", "Effective handwriting instruction, experts say, should focus on the three components of handwriting; letter formation (form and slant), size, and spacing. When teaching handwriting, teachers should focus on one component at a time -- first, letter formation; then, size; and then, spacing.", "The form and slant of specific letters will depend on the style of handwriting being taught. Whatever style you're teaching, however, children first must learn the starting and stopping point of each letter. That can be accomplished by having children trace the letters with their index fingers before they begin writing. The following resources illustrate proper letter formation for some of the most popular handwriting styles:", "Posture and paper position also are important to ensure correct letter formation and slant. Students should sit upright with both feet flat on the floor, placing the paper at a 45 degree angle toward the writing-arm side of the body and tilting it to conform to the position of the writing arm's forearm. See Handwriting for an illustration of proper posture and paper placement.", "Letter size -- more accurately, letter proportion -- is fairly consistent across handwriting styles. Similarly-shaped letters should be the same height. For example, small letters (a, c, e, i, m, n, o, r, s, u, v, w, x, z) should be half the size of ascenders (b, d, h, k, l, t) and descenders (g, j, p, q, y). Capital letters should be about the same height as ascenders. Proper proportion can be taught using handwriting paper with a dotted middle line. Free handwriting paper and handwriting worksheets for a variety of grade and skill levels can be found at:", "Proper spacing includes both spacing between letters and spacing between words. The space between each letter in a word should be the same. The space between each word also should be consistent. Students can use their pinkies to measure the correct distance between words.", "Proper grip of the pen or pencil is another important aspect of good handwriting. Instruct students to hold the pen or pencil close to the writing tip with the thumb and index fingers. The middle finger should be curved under the writing utensil, with the utensil resting lightly on the area between the tip and first knuckle. The fourth finger and pinky should be curved in toward the palm. See Handwriting for writing tips and an illustration of proper pencil grip.", "Are you in the market for a formal handwriting program? If so, experts recommend that you look for a program that provides teacher explanation and demonstration, opportunities for rewriting reinforcement and verbalization of the rules of letter formation, and self-assessment tools. Some of the most popular programs include:", "Whichever program you choose, make sure you use it. Experts say that handwriting practice should be part of every school day.", "125 Report Card Comments It's report card time and you face the prospect of writing constructive, insightful, and original comments on a couple dozen report cards or more. Here are 125 positive report card comments for you to use and adapt! Struggling Students? Check out our Needs Improvement Report Card Comments for even more comments! You've reached the end of another grading period, and what could be more daunting than the task of composing insightful, original, and unique comments about every child in your class? The following positive statements will help you tailor your comments to specific children and highlight their strengths. You can also use our statements to indicate a need for improvement. Turn the words around a bit, and you will transform each into a goal for a child to work toward. Sam cooperates consistently with others becomes Sam needs to cooperate more consistently with others, and Sally uses vivid language in writing may instead read With practice, Sally will learn to use vivid language in her writing. Make Jan seeks new challenges into a request for parental support by changing it to read Please encourage Jan to seek new challenges. Whether you are tweaking statements from this page or creating original ones, check out our Report Card Thesaurus [see bottom of the page] that contains a list of appropriate adjectives and adverbs. There you will find the right words to keep your comments fresh and accurate. We have organized our 125 report card comments by category. Read the entire list or click one of the category links below to jump to that list. AttitudeBehaviorCharacterCommunication SkillsGroup WorkInterests and TalentsParticipationSocial SkillsTime ManagementWork Habits Attitude The student: is an enthusiastic learner who seems to enjoy school. exhibits a positive outlook and attitude in the classroom. appears well rested and ready for each day's activities. shows enthusiasm for classroom activities. shows initiative and looks for new ways to get involved. uses instincts to deal with matters independently and in a positive way. strives to reach their full potential. is committed to doing their best. seeks new challenges. takes responsibility for their learning. Behavior The student: cooperates consistently with the teacher and other students. transitions easily between classroom activities without distraction. is courteous and shows good manners in the classroom. follows classroom rules. conducts themselves with maturity. responds appropriately when corrected. remains focused on the activity at hand. resists the urge to be distracted by other students. is kind and helpful to everyone in the classroom. sets an example of excellence in behavior and cooperation. Character The student: shows respect for teachers and peers. treats school property and the belongings of others with care and respect. is honest and trustworthy in dealings with others. displays good citizenship by assisting other students. joins in school community projects. is concerned about the feelings of peers. faithfully performs classroom tasks. can be depended on to do what they are asked to do. seeks responsibilities and follows through. is thoughtful in interactions with others. is kind, respectful and helpful when interacting with his/her peers is respectful of other students in our classroom and the school community demonstrates responsibility daily by caring for the materials in our classroom carefully and thoughtfully takes his/her classroom jobs seriously and demonstrates responsibility when completing them is always honest and can be counted on to recount information when asked is considerate when interacting with his/her teachers demonstrates his/her manners on a daily basis and is always respectful has incredible self-discipline and always gets his/her work done in a timely manner can be counted on to be one of the first students to begin working on the task that is given perseveres when faced with difficulty by asking questions and trying his/her best does not give up when facing a task that is difficult and always does his/her best is such a caring boy/girl and demonstrates concern for his/her peers demonstrates his/her caring nature when helping his/her peers when they need the assistance is a model citizen in our classroom is demonstrates his/her citizenship in our classroom by helping to keep it clean and taking care of the materials in it can always be counted on to cooperate with his/her peers is able to cooperate and work well with any of the other students in the class is exceptionally organized and takes care of his/her things is always enthusiastic when completing his/her work is agreeable and polite when working with others is thoughtful and kind in his/her interactions with others is creative when problem solving is very hardworking and always completes all of his/her work is patient and kind when working with his/her peers who need extra assistance trustworthy and can always be counted on to step in and help where needed Communication Skills The student: has a well-developed vocabulary. chooses words with care. expresses ideas clearly, both verbally and through writing. has a vibrant imagination and excels in creative writing. has found their voice through poetry writing. uses vivid language in writing. writes clearly and with purpose. writes with depth and insight. can make a logical and persuasive argument. listens to the comments and ideas of others without interrupting. Group Work The student: offers constructive suggestions to peers to enhance their work. accepts the recommendations of peers and acts on them when appropriate. is sensitive to the thoughts and opinions of others in the group. takes on various roles in the work group as needed or assigned. welcomes leadership roles in groups. shows fairness in distributing group tasks. plans and carries out group activities carefully. works democratically with peers. encourages other members of the group. helps to keep the work group focused and on task. Interests and Talents The student: has a well-developed sense of humor. holds many varied interests. has a keen interest that has been shared with the class. displays and talks about personal items from home when they relate to topics of study. provides background knowledge about topics of particular interest to them. has an impressive understanding and depth of knowledge about their interests. seeks additional information independently about classroom topics that pique interest. reads extensively for enjoyment. frequently discusses concepts about which they have read. is a gifted performer. is a talented artist. has a flair for dramatic reading and acting. enjoys sharing their musical talent with the class. Participation The student: listens attentively to the responses of others. follows directions. takes an active role in discussions. enhances group discussion through insightful comments. shares personal experiences and opinions with peers. responds to what has been read or discussed in class and as homework. asks for clarification when needed. regularly volunteers to assist in classroom activities. remains an active learner throughout the school day. Social Skills The student: makes friends quickly in the classroom. is well-liked by classmates. handles disagreements with peers appropriately. treats other students with fairness and understanding. is a valued member of the class. has compassion for peers and others. seems comfortable in new situations. enjoys conversation with friends during free periods. chooses to spend free time with friends. Time Management The student: tackles classroom assignments, tasks, and group work in an organized manner. uses class time wisely. arrives on time for school (and/or class) every day. is well-prepared for class each day. works at an appropriate pace, neither too quickly or slowly. completes assignments in the time allotted. paces work on long-term assignments. sets achievable goals with respect to time. completes make-up work in a timely fashion. Work Habits The student: is a conscientious, hard-working student. works independently. is a self-motivated student. consistently completes homework assignments. puts forth their best effort into homework assignments. exceeds expectations with the quality of their work. readily grasps new concepts and ideas. generates neat and careful work. checks work thoroughly before submitting it. stays on task with little supervision. displays self-discipline. avoids careless errors through attention to detail. uses free minutes of class time constructively. creates impressive home projects. Related: Needs Improvement Report Card Comments for even more comments! Student Certificates! Recognize positive attitudes and achievements with personalized student award certificates! Report Card Thesaurus Looking for some great adverbs and adjectives to bring to life the comments that you put on report cards? Go beyond the stale and repetitive With this list, your notes will always be creative and unique. Adjectives attentive, capable, careful, cheerful, confident, cooperative, courteous, creative, dynamic, eager, energetic, generous, hard-working, helpful, honest, imaginative, independent, industrious, motivated, organized, outgoing, pleasant, polite, resourceful, sincere, unique Adverbs always, commonly, consistently, daily, frequently, monthly, never, occasionally, often, rarely, regularly, typically, usually, weekly", "Every-Day Edit: Betsy Ross Build grammar skills using this activity and answer key for an article about Betsy Ross. Printable Student Handout Worksheet (Scroll down for Answer key.) View All Every-Day Edit activities from previous weeks. Ideas for Using Every-Day Edits in the classroom. Uncorrected Text Betsy Ross was born on January 1 1752. She was the eight in a line of 17 children soon after marrying John Ross, the two newlyweds started a sewing business. When America and england went to war, John Ross join the army. Soon after that he was killed in an ammunition explosion. A few months later, according to legend, george Washington axed Betsy to use her expurt sewing skills to create the first american flag. Answer Key Betsy Ross was born on January 1, 1752. She was the eighth in a line of 17 children. Soon after marrying John Ross, the two newlyweds started a sewing business. When America and England went to war, John Ross joined the army. Soon after that he was killed in an ammunition explosion. A few months later, according to legend, George Washington asked Betsy to use her expert sewing skills to create the first American flag. Article by Gary Hopkins Education World® Editor in Chief Copyright © 2004 Education World 08/20/2004", "Lesson Plan: Plants (Science - Grade 2) Subject: Science Grade: 2 Lesson Objective: To learn about what a plant needs to grow Common Core Standard: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.2.1- Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text. Materials: Printable Student Worksheet Handout Starter: Say: What do you know about plants? (Allow the students to answer.) Main: Say: There are so many different types of plants and so many different facts that we know about them. Some plants have flowers and those flowers have seeds. Other plants grow seeds without flowers. All plants absorb water through their roots. Roots grow under the ground. Some plants even live in the water and their roots float. All plants have leaves. Most plants have green leaves, but leaves can be different colors. Plants have stems. Plants that are trees have a very big stem called a trunk. There are plants all around us. We eat food from plants. Fruits and vegetables grow on plants. Plants need several things so that they can grow. What do you think they need? (Allow the students to answer). You are going to read about plants. You are then going to answer questions about what you have read. Does anyone have any questions? Feedback: Say: Who would like to share your answers? (Allow the students to share) Related lessons: Emergency Sub Plan: Plants - Science Emergency Sub Plan: Plants - Writing Emergency Sub Plan: Plants - Reading Emergency Sub Plan: Plants - Math Check out our complete Emergency Sub Plans Library! Written by Kimberly Greacen, Education World® Contributing Writer Kimberly is an educator with extensive experience in curriculum writing and developing instructional materials to align with Common Core State Standards and Bloom's Taxonomy. Copyright© 2020 Education World" ] }, "parsed_md": "Pre-handwriting pattern animations and worksheets\n\nWe use cookies to track usage and preferences Learn more\n\n# Pre-handwriting animations and worksheets\n\n## Straight pre-handwriting patterns\n\n## Curve pre-handwriting patterns\n\n## Tunnel pre-handwriting patterns\n\n## Diagonal pre-handwriting patterns\n\n## Join pre-handwriting patterns\n\n * Teacher Testimonials\n * School Scheme Review\n * Other Websites\n\n * About Us\n * What We Do\n * Who We Are\n * Our Story\n * Blog\n\n * Contact Us\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Cookie Policy\n\nAll rights reserved. ┬ęTeach Children Ltd\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/profdev/profdev110.shtml", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210513121515/https://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/profdev/profdev110.shtml", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Teach Handwriting by Kathryn Stout", "passages": [ "There are three components to handwriting, whether a child is learning to print or write in cursive: correct letter formation, uniform letter size, and uniform slant. Children should focus on one objective at a time-first, correct formation, then size, then slant. Have them work on several, but not all, letters, forming letters and then words. Once assigned letters are formed correctly, emphasize uniform size-lower case letters consistently half the size of upper case letters, but continue to require correct formation. Then add uniform slant, again, while continuing to require children to maintain the correct form and size already accomplished. Follow this procedure as you add new letters, words, and sentences. When practicing single letters, require the same even spacing as you do between whole words. It helps young children to use a Popsicle stick or some other tool that can be placed on the paper for uniform spacing. (Using one or two fingers is often suggested.) Check slant by drawing a straight line through center of each letter-top to bottom (not left to right). All those lines should be parallel if slant is uniform. Printing may not require this check if letters are formed correctly. Cursive writing, however, often appears sloppy simply because all letters do not slant uniformly. The lines you draw through the letter should look like this: / / / / or slant a bit more to the right, but not be a mix: / l / \\.", "Oversee practice so children don't fill a page with improper work simply to finish quickly. Praise letters and words written well and have the student erase and rewrite anything unacceptable. While this may seem time consuming, remember that it will actually take more time to undo bad habits.", "Young children should use large writing or painting tools for better control. Don't be concerned about letter size at first, instead, emphasize form, letting them draw on blank paper with easy-to-hold \"fat\" markers, crayons, or paintbrushes which allow less pressure to be used in drawing a solid looking line. Be sure the children use the same grip required later for paper and pencil work. For those children that insist on using adult pens and pencils, add a finger grip (available at many educational supply and office supply stores).", "Begin with lines and shapes, encouraging children to draw all vertical lines from the top to the bottom. All circular shapes should begin at the 2 o'clock position, moving up, left, and around-like the letter c. (Kids tend to start at the top and make egg shapes.) Shapes using straight lines-triangles, rectangles, and squares, should always use individual lines that meet, not a single stroke with an attempt to make \"pointy\" corners. Every line should be drawn left to right or top to bottom. Vertical lines are drawn first, left side, then right side, and then the connecting horizontal lines. The horizontal lines on top are first, and all horizontal lines should begin at the left. Kids have their own short cuts, so these basics do need to be taught.", "Next, teach a few lower-case letters and short words. Many children want to learn to write their own name before anything else. That's fine as long as you are careful to show them the correct form for drawing each letter, only use a capital letter at the beginning, and then give him samples to trace.", "Once letter formation is acceptable, children should practice on paper with wide guide lines in order to learn to control size as well as to develop uniformity in size. There should be solid lines at the top and bottom, a dotted line in the middle, and space before the next guide lines. This is typical primary handwriting paper, available at many local education or business supply stores. Whether printing or writing in cursive, begin with paper that has a dotted middle line rather than using traditional notebook paper. The center line serves as an important guide and aids in faster achievement of uniformity of size. Handwriting paper is available with lines in a variety of widths. Have the student write something on blank paper so that you can see the size he is most comfortable writing, then use that as your guide, rather than age, to select the most appropriate paper for practice. Write the letter or word on the paper a few times for the students to trace and then copy.", "For best results, handwriting practice should be scheduled every day. It is better to take several days off after practicing consistently for a week or so, then to practice erratically. It is also more effective to have two short practices a day then one long practice if the child becomes quickly fatigued when writing. Fine motor skills develop more slowly, especially in boys, then gross motor skills. Often boys fuss about paper and pencil work simply because their hands get tired. Be sure to have students sitting in a proper writing position. The flat surface on which their arms can rest comfortably should not be too high or too low, and their feet should be supported on the floor or on a box, rather than dangling. Improper table height, a slouching or straining body position or dangling feet all sap strength, increasing fatigue.", "Handwriting practice consists of copying, not creating, letters, words and sentences. Separate composition from handwriting by allowing children to dictate or type compositions, turn in work with handwriting that is less than perfect, or copy final drafts during regularly scheduled handwriting practice instead of the usual handwriting lesson. Remember that composition requires students to focus on content and organization, and, during the editing process, on spelling and punctuation skills. If handwriting perfection is also required, students who are fatigued by handwriting or who have difficulty with neatness are likely to look for ways to avoid composition assignments. At the very least they will compose extremely short works simply to avoid as much handwriting as possible.", "It is also acceptable to allow students to answer workbook questions orally, avoiding handwriting to fill in blanks. During handwriting practice focus on adjusting size or any other difficulties that make attempts to fill in blanks sloppy, illegible, or tediously slow. Increase the total daily time spent on handwriting as an isolated lesson as necessary rather than pressuring the student with handwriting expectations he is not yet able to meet while he is working in other subjects. As maturity and motor skills allow, you may require readable written answers that fit the allotted space. Once you know that the student is capable of neat work done at a reasonable speed, all final written work (not rough drafts) can be required to meet the standard you have set.", "Ultimately, students should be able to take phone messages, write letters, and complete applications with writing that is legible, neat, and fits into the space allotted. Teach older students who have great difficulty with cursive writing to sign their names with a mature looking cursive form, and then focus on printing letters that are neat and small enough for filling out forms. They can use their typing skills for everything else. The college bound student will also need to print or write in cursive neatly and with enough speed to complete essay tests. Speed is also required for taking notes, although in that case neatness is required only to the extent that they can read their own writing. Otherwise, they, too, can rely on typing skills for reports and compositions.", "Handwriting does not have to be a battleground. By targeting specific and narrow objectives, praising efforts that are well-done as well as pointing out errors to be corrected, and scheduling regular, supervised practice, progress can be made much more rapidly than if children are left on their own to complete handwriting workbooks. Young children want to write well, but are often frustrated by their own lack of coordination and discouraged because it requires so much more effort to please either the teacher or themselves than they thought it would. Older students often rush to complete assignments and argue that neatness is irrelevant. In either case, the teacher must be patient, choose reasonable objectives, and stand firm. Legible handwriting is a worthy cause!", "Design-A-Study offers a money-back guarantee for books returned in resalable condition within thirty (30) days. Audiocassettes are not returnable, but may be exchanged if defective. Please note: when shipping is free due to a special offer, postage is deducted from the price of returned items before the refund is issued." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Teach Handwriting | Education World\n\nJump to Navigation\n\n## Search\n\n * Teacher Essentials\n\n * New Articles\n * Report Card Comments\n * Needs Improvement Comments\n * Teacher's Lounge\n * New Teachers\n * Our Bloggers\n * Lesson Plans\n\n * Featured Lessons\n * Every-Day Edits\n * Lesson Library\n * Emergency Sub Plans\n * Lesson of the Day\n * 5-Minute Lessons\n * Learning Games\n * Lesson Planning\n * Standards\n * Subjects Center\n * Following Directions\n * Teaching Grammar\n * Admin\n\n * Featured Articles\n * Hot Topics\n * Leadership Resources\n * Parent Newsletter Resources\n * Advice from School Leaders\n * Programs, Strategies and Events\n * Principal Toolbox\n * Administrator's Desk\n * Interview Questions\n * Professional Learning Communities\n * Teachers Observing Teachers\n * Tech\n\n * Featured Articles\n * Article Library\n * Tech Lesson Plans\n * Science, Math & Reading Games\n * WebQuests\n * Tech in the Classroom\n * Tech Tools\n * Web Site Reviews\n * Creating a WebQuest\n * Digital Citizenship\n * PD\n\n * Featured PD Courses\n * Online PD\n * Classroom Management\n * Responsive Classroom\n * School Climate\n * Dr. Ken Shore: Classroom Problem Solver\n * Professional Development Resources\n * Worksheets & Printables\n\n * Worksheet Library\n * Highlights for Children\n * Venn Diagram Templates\n * Reading Games\n * Word Search Puzzles\n * Math Crossword Puzzles\n * Friday Fun\n * Geography A to Z\n * Holidays & Special Days\n * Internet Scavenger Hunts\n * Student Certificates\n * Tools & Templates\n\nNewsletter Sign Up\n\n## WHAT'S NEW\n\nTeacher's Lounge: \"I'm Over This Whole O...\n\nThree Reasons Tracking Kids is Wrong (And How to Start...\n\nEmergency Sub Plan: Migration - Science (Gr 1)\n\n## Prof. Development\n\n * General Archive\n * Top PD Features\n\n * Have Some Fun\n * Best Books\n * Expert Interviews\n * Math Corner\n * New Teacher Advisor\n * Responsive Classroom\n * Strategies That Work\n * Voice of Experience\n * Web Site Reviews\n * School Improvement\n\n * Assessment\n * Improvement\n * Lessons from Our Schools\n * Whatever it Takes\n * School Climate\n\n * School Climate Archive\n * Classroom Management\n * Classroom Mgmt. 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Columnists\n * All Columnists...\n * Dr. Fred Jones\n * Emma McDonald\n * Dr. Ken Shore\n * School Issues: Glossary\n\nHome >> Prof. Development >> How to Teach Handwriting\n\n# How to Teach Handwriting\n\nMake handwriting instruction part of every school day. Included: Resources for\nhandwriting programs, lessons, worksheets, and more.\n\nDo you think good handwriting is a skill of the past, made obsolete by the\ncomputer keyboard? Think again! According to Kate Gladstone, handwriting\nrepairwoman and national director of the World Handwriting Contest,\nhandwriting instruction might be neglected in today's classrooms, but it's\nhardly unnecessary. Each year in the United States, says Gladstone:\n\n * the health of at least 1 in 10 Americans is endangered by the poor handwriting of their physicians.\n * up to $95,000,000 in tax refunds are not delivered because of unreadable tax-forms.\n * $200,000,000 in time and money is lost because poor handwriting results in such problems as confused and inefficient employees, phone calls made to wrong or non-existent numbers, and letters and packages delivered to incorrect addresses -- or not delivered at all.\n\nAnd the repercussions of poor handwriting aren't limited to the workplace;\nthey begin in the classroom. According to Gladstone, repeated research has\nshown that even when teachers are told not to take off points for bad\nhandwriting, poor handwriting results in lower grades -- as much as a full\nletter grade lower -- for similar or identical work.\n\nWhat are teachers doing to remedy the poor handwriting of those who suffer\nfrom their largely unconscious prejudice? Apparently, not much. Classroom\nhandwriting instruction averages around 5-10 minutes a week, says Gladstone,\nwith almost no instruction at all provided beyond third grade.\n\nThat figure isn't surprising, however, when you consider that few teacher\neducation programs in the United States today address handwriting instruction.\nAs a result, according to Steve Graham, a professor of special education at\nthe University of Maryland, about three-quarters of the elementary school\nteachers he surveyed believed they weren't adequately prepared to teach\nhandwriting. If you're one of those teachers, perhaps the following\ninformation can help!\n\nHANDWRITING BASICS\n\nEffective handwriting instruction, experts say, should focus on the three\ncomponents of handwriting; letter formation (form and slant), size, and\nspacing. When teaching handwriting, teachers should focus on one component at\na time -- first, letter formation; then, size; and then, spacing.\n\nThe form and slant of specific letters will depend on the style of handwriting\nbeing taught. Whatever style you're teaching, however, children first must\nlearn the starting and stopping point of each letter. That can be accomplished\nby having children trace the letters with their index fingers before they\nbegin writing. The following resources illustrate proper letter formation for\nsome of the most popular handwriting styles:\n\n * Cursive Writing Practice Worksheets (Pencil Pete)\n * D'Nealian Handwriting\n * Teaching Letter Recognition (Zaner-Bloser)\n\nPosture and paper position also are important to ensure correct letter\nformation and slant. Students should sit upright with both feet flat on the\nfloor, placing the paper at a 45 degree angle toward the writing-arm side of\nthe body and tilting it to conform to the position of the writing arm's\nforearm. See Handwriting for an illustration of proper posture and paper\nplacement.\n\nLetter size -- more accurately, letter proportion -- is fairly consistent\nacross handwriting styles. Similarly-shaped letters should be the same height.\nFor example, small letters (a, c, e, i, m, n, o, r, s, u, v, w, x, z) should\nbe half the size of ascenders (b, d, h, k, l, t) and descenders (g, j, p, q,\ny). Capital letters should be about the same height as ascenders. Proper\nproportion can be taught using handwriting paper with a dotted middle line.\nFree handwriting paper and handwriting worksheets for a variety of grade and\nskill levels can be found at:\n\n * Amazing Incredible Handwriting Worksheet Maker\n * Cursive Handwriting\n * Handwriting for Kids\n * Handwriting Paper\n * Start/Write.\n\nProper spacing includes both spacing between letters and spacing between\nwords. The space between each letter in a word should be the same. The space\nbetween each word also should be consistent. Students can use their pinkies to\nmeasure the correct distance between words.\n\nProper grip of the pen or pencil is another important aspect of good\nhandwriting. Instruct students to hold the pen or pencil close to the writing\ntip with the thumb and index fingers. The middle finger should be curved under\nthe writing utensil, with the utensil resting lightly on the area between the\ntip and first knuckle. The fourth finger and pinky should be curved in toward\nthe palm. See Handwriting for writing tips and an illustration of proper\npencil grip.\n\nHANDWRITING PROGRAMS\n\nAre you in the market for a formal handwriting program? If so, experts\nrecommend that you look for a program that provides teacher explanation and\ndemonstration, opportunities for rewriting reinforcement and verbalization of\nthe rules of letter formation, and self-assessment tools. Some of the most\npopular programs include:\n\n * D'Nealian Handwriting\n * Getty-Dubay Italic Handwriting\n * Pencil Pete\n\nWhichever program you choose, make sure you use it. Experts say that\nhandwriting practice should be part of every school day.\n\nHANDWRITING LESSONS\n\n * Guess My Letter\n * How to Teach Handwriting\n * Handwriting Practice Made Easy\n * Teacher Tested Tips for Teaching Handwriting\n\nEducation World® Copyright © 2018 Education World\n\nUpdated 09/26/2018\n\n## EW Lesson Plans\n\nMore than 1,000 FREE Lessons Reading, Writing, Math, Science, History & Every-\nDay Edits!\n\n## EW Professional Development\n\nOnline PD Courses with dozens of topics to choose from for your CEU credits\nand building new skills!\n\n## EW Worksheets\n\n1000's of Free Ready-to-Print Student Worksheets, Templates, Certificates &\nEvery-Day Edits!\n\n## Chatter\n\nTweets by @education_world\n\n## Trending\n\n125 Report Card Comments It's report card time and you face the prospect of\nwriting constructive, insightful, and original comments on a couple dozen\nreport cards or more. Here are 125 positive report card comments for you to\nuse and adapt! Struggling Students? Check out our Needs Improvement Report\nCard Comments for even more comments! You've reached the end of another\ngrading period, and what could be more daunting than the task of composing\ninsightful, original, and unique comments about every child in your class? The\nfollowing positive statements will help you tailor your comments to specific\nchildren and highlight their strengths. You can also use our statements to\nindicate a need for improvement. Turn the words around a bit, and you will\ntransform each into a goal for a child to work toward. Sam cooperates\nconsistently with others becomes Sam needs to cooperate more consistently with\nothers, and Sally uses vivid language in writing may instead read With\npractice, Sally will learn to use vivid language in her writing. Make Jan\nseeks new challenges into a request for parental support by changing it to\nread Please encourage Jan to seek new challenges. Whether you are tweaking\nstatements from this page or creating original ones, check out our Report Card\nThesaurus [see bottom of the page] that contains a list of appropriate\nadjectives and adverbs. There you will find the right words to keep your\ncomments fresh and accurate. We have organized our 125 report card comments by\ncategory. Read the entire list or click one of the category links below to\njump to that list. AttitudeBehaviorCharacterCommunication SkillsGroup\nWorkInterests and TalentsParticipationSocial SkillsTime ManagementWork Habits\nAttitude The student: is an enthusiastic learner who seems to enjoy school.\nexhibits a positive outlook and attitude in the classroom. appears well rested\nand ready for each day's activities. shows enthusiasm for classroom\nactivities. shows initiative and looks for new ways to get involved. uses\ninstincts to deal with matters independently and in a positive way. strives to\nreach their full potential. is committed to doing their best. seeks new\nchallenges. takes responsibility for their learning. Behavior The student:\ncooperates consistently with the teacher and other students. transitions\neasily between classroom activities without distraction. is courteous and\nshows good manners in the classroom. follows classroom rules. conducts\nthemselves with maturity. responds appropriately when corrected. remains\nfocused on the activity at hand. resists the urge to be distracted by other\nstudents. is kind and helpful to everyone in the classroom. sets an example of\nexcellence in behavior and cooperation. Character The student: shows respect\nfor teachers and peers. treats school property and the belongings of others\nwith care and respect. is honest and trustworthy in dealings with others.\ndisplays good citizenship by assisting other students. joins in school\ncommunity projects. is concerned about the feelings of peers. faithfully\nperforms classroom tasks. can be depended on to do what they are asked to do.\nseeks responsibilities and follows through. is thoughtful in interactions with\nothers. is kind, respectful and helpful when interacting with his/her peers is\nrespectful of other students in our classroom and the school community\ndemonstrates responsibility daily by caring for the materials in our classroom\ncarefully and thoughtfully takes his/her classroom jobs seriously and\ndemonstrates responsibility when completing them is always honest and can be\ncounted on to recount information when asked is considerate when interacting\nwith his/her teachers demonstrates his/her manners on a daily basis and is\nalways respectful has incredible self-discipline and always gets his/her work\ndone in a timely manner can be counted on to be one of the first students to\nbegin working on the task that is given perseveres when faced with difficulty\nby asking questions and trying his/her best does not give up when facing a\ntask that is difficult and always does his/her best is such a caring boy/girl\nand demonstrates concern for his/her peers demonstrates his/her caring nature\nwhen helping his/her peers when they need the assistance is a model citizen in\nour classroom is demonstrates his/her citizenship in our classroom by helping\nto keep it clean and taking care of the materials in it can always be counted\non to cooperate with his/her peers is able to cooperate and work well with any\nof the other students in the class is exceptionally organized and takes care\nof his/her things is always enthusiastic when completing his/her work is\nagreeable and polite when working with others is thoughtful and kind in\nhis/her interactions with others is creative when problem solving is very\nhardworking and always completes all of his/her work is patient and kind when\nworking with his/her peers who need extra assistance trustworthy and can\nalways be counted on to step in and help where needed Communication Skills The\nstudent: has a well-developed vocabulary. chooses words with care. expresses\nideas clearly, both verbally and through writing. has a vibrant imagination\nand excels in creative writing. has found their voice through poetry writing.\nuses vivid language in writing. writes clearly and with purpose. writes with\ndepth and insight. can make a logical and persuasive argument. listens to the\ncomments and ideas of others without interrupting. Group Work The student:\noffers constructive suggestions to peers to enhance their work. accepts the\nrecommendations of peers and acts on them when appropriate. is sensitive to\nthe thoughts and opinions of others in the group. takes on various roles in\nthe work group as needed or assigned. welcomes leadership roles in groups.\nshows fairness in distributing group tasks. plans and carries out group\nactivities carefully. works democratically with peers. encourages other\nmembers of the group. helps to keep the work group focused and on task.\nInterests and Talents The student: has a well-developed sense of humor. holds\nmany varied interests. has a keen interest that has been shared with the\nclass. displays and talks about personal items from home when they relate to\ntopics of study. provides background knowledge about topics of particular\ninterest to them. has an impressive understanding and depth of knowledge about\ntheir interests. seeks additional information independently about classroom\ntopics that pique interest. reads extensively for enjoyment. frequently\ndiscusses concepts about which they have read. is a gifted performer. is a\ntalented artist. has a flair for dramatic reading and acting. enjoys sharing\ntheir musical talent with the class. Participation The student: listens\nattentively to the responses of others. follows directions. takes an active\nrole in discussions. enhances group discussion through insightful comments.\nshares personal experiences and opinions with peers. responds to what has been\nread or discussed in class and as homework. asks for clarification when\nneeded. regularly volunteers to assist in classroom activities. remains an\nactive learner throughout the school day. Social Skills The student: makes\nfriends quickly in the classroom. is well-liked by classmates. handles\ndisagreements with peers appropriately. treats other students with fairness\nand understanding. is a valued member of the class. has compassion for peers\nand others. seems comfortable in new situations. enjoys conversation with\nfriends during free periods. chooses to spend free time with friends. Time\nManagement The student: tackles classroom assignments, tasks, and group work\nin an organized manner. uses class time wisely. arrives on time for school\n(and/or class) every day. is well-prepared for class each day. works at an\nappropriate pace, neither too quickly or slowly. completes assignments in the\ntime allotted. paces work on long-term assignments. sets achievable goals with\nrespect to time. completes make-up work in a timely fashion. Work Habits The\nstudent: is a conscientious, hard-working student. works independently. is a\nself-motivated student. consistently completes homework assignments. puts\nforth their best effort into homework assignments. exceeds expectations with\nthe quality of their work. readily grasps new concepts and ideas. generates\nneat and careful work. checks work thoroughly before submitting it. stays on\ntask with little supervision. displays self-discipline. avoids careless errors\nthrough attention to detail. uses free minutes of class time constructively.\ncreates impressive home projects. Related: Needs Improvement Report Card\nComments for even more comments! Student Certificates! Recognize positive\nattitudes and achievements with personalized student award certificates!\nReport Card Thesaurus Looking for some great adverbs and adjectives to bring\nto life the comments that you put on report cards? Go beyond the stale and\nrepetitive With this list, your notes will always be creative and unique.\nAdjectives attentive, capable, careful, cheerful, confident, cooperative,\ncourteous, creative, dynamic, eager, energetic, generous, hard-working,\nhelpful, honest, imaginative, independent, industrious, motivated, organized,\noutgoing, pleasant, polite, resourceful, sincere, unique Adverbs always,\ncommonly, consistently, daily, frequently, monthly, never, occasionally,\noften, rarely, regularly, typically, usually, weekly\n\n125 Report Card Comments\n\nEvery-Day Edit: Betsy Ross Build grammar skills using this activity and answer\nkey for an article about Betsy Ross. Printable Student Handout Worksheet\n(Scroll down for Answer key.) View All Every-Day Edit activities from previous\nweeks. Ideas for Using Every-Day Edits in the classroom. Uncorrected Text\nBetsy Ross was born on January 1 1752. She was the eight in a line of 17\nchildren soon after marrying John Ross, the two newlyweds started a sewing\nbusiness. When America and england went to war, John Ross join the army. Soon\nafter that he was killed in an ammunition explosion. A few months later,\naccording to legend, george Washington axed Betsy to use her expurt sewing\nskills to create the first american flag. Answer Key Betsy Ross was born on\nJanuary 1, 1752. She was the eighth in a line of 17 children. Soon after\nmarrying John Ross, the two newlyweds started a sewing business. When America\nand England went to war, John Ross joined the army. Soon after that he was\nkilled in an ammunition explosion. A few months later, according to legend,\nGeorge Washington asked Betsy to use her expert sewing skills to create the\nfirst American flag. Article by Gary Hopkins Education World® Editor in Chief\nCopyright © 2004 Education World 08/20/2004\n\nEvery-Day Edits: Betsy Ross\n\nLesson Plan: Plants (Science - Grade 2) Subject: Science Grade: 2 Lesson\nObjective: To learn about what a plant needs to grow Common Core Standard:\nCCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.2.1- Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where,\nwhen, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text.\nMaterials: Printable Student Worksheet Handout Starter: Say: What do you know\nabout plants? (Allow the students to answer.) Main: Say: There are so many\ndifferent types of plants and so many different facts that we know about them.\nSome plants have flowers and those flowers have seeds. Other plants grow seeds\nwithout flowers. All plants absorb water through their roots. Roots grow under\nthe ground. Some plants even live in the water and their roots float. All\nplants have leaves. Most plants have green leaves, but leaves can be different\ncolors. Plants have stems. Plants that are trees have a very big stem called a\ntrunk. There are plants all around us. We eat food from plants. Fruits and\nvegetables grow on plants. Plants need several things so that they can grow.\nWhat do you think they need? (Allow the students to answer). You are going to\nread about plants. You are then going to answer questions about what you have\nread. Does anyone have any questions? Feedback: Say: Who would like to share\nyour answers? (Allow the students to share) Related lessons: Emergency Sub\nPlan: Plants - Science Emergency Sub Plan: Plants - Writing Emergency Sub\nPlan: Plants - Reading Emergency Sub Plan: Plants - Math Check out our\ncomplete Emergency Sub Plans Library! Written by Kimberly Greacen, Education\nWorld® Contributing Writer Kimberly is an educator with extensive experience\nin curriculum writing and developing instructional materials to align with\nCommon Core State Standards and Bloom's Taxonomy. Copyright© 2020 Education\nWorld\n\nEmergency Sub Plan: Plants (Science - Grade 2)\n\nBack to Top\n\n75 Mill St. Colchester, CT 06415\n\nReceive timely lesson ideas and PD tips\n\n## Sitemap\n\nClose Sitemap\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Help Center\n * Advertise\n * Reprint Rights\n * Privacy Policy\n\n| |\n\n## Lesson Plans\n\n * Article Archive\n * Box Cars Math Games\n * Every-Day Edits\n * Five-Minute Fillers\n * Holiday Lessons\n * Learning Games\n * Lesson of the Day\n * News for Kids\n * Show-Biz Science\n * Work Sheet Library\n\n|\n\n## Professional Development\n\n * Clip Art Gallery\n * Math Corner\n * New Teacher Advisor\n * Reader's Theater\n * Reading Coach\n * Responsive Classroom\n * Strategies That Work\n * Teacher Feature\n * Voice of Experience\n * Web Site Reviews\n\n|\n\n## Technology\n\n * The Math Machine\n * The Reading Machine\n * The Science Machine\n * Online Safety\n * Sites to See\n * WebQuest\n * Technology Experts\n * Tech Team\n * Using Technology\n * Keyboarding\n * Techtorials\n * Wire Side Chats\n * On the Internet\n\n|\n\n## Administrators\n\n * How I Handled...\n * Wire Side Chats\n * Partners for Student Success\n * Principal Profiles\n * Principal Toolbox\n * Parent Involvement\n * Programs\n * Goals\n * Best Books for School Leaders\n * Exceptional Events\n * Great Meetings\n * Instant Meetings\n * Morning Math\n\n \n---|---|---|--- \n \n## School Resources\n\n * Career Center\n * Classroom Management\n * Early Childhood Channel\n * Ed World's Columnist Team\n * Site Reviews for Educators\n * State/Nat'l Education Standards\n * Subjects & Specialties\n * Substitute Teacher Resources\n * Teacher-Submitted Lesson Plans\n\n|\n\n## Specialties\n\n * Counseling\n * Early Childhood\n * Preservice Ed\n * Special Ed\n * Sub Station\n * Vocational Ed\n\n|\n\n## Subject Resources\n\n * The Arts\n * Foreign Languages\n * History\n * Language, Literature\n * Math\n * PE and Health\n * Science\n * Social Sciences\n * Technology\n\n|\n\n## Fun Activities\n\n * Animals A-Z Edits\n * Box Cars Math Games\n * Every-Day Edits\n * Fact Monster Hunts\n * Five-Minute Fillers\n * Friday Fun Ideas\n\n \n \n## Education World @ Home\n\n * Ed [email protected] for Parents\n * Ed [email protected] for Students\n\n|\n\n## Lifestyle\n\n * LifeStyle Center\n\n|\n\n## Early Childhood\n\n * Castaldo's Corner Activities\n * Early Childhood Activity Bank\n\n \n \nSign up for our free weekly newsletter and receive\n\ntop education news, lesson ideas, teaching tips and more!\n\nNo thanks, I don't need to stay current on what works in education!\n\nCOPYRIGHT 1996-2016 BY EDUCATION WORLD, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.\n\nGo to Full Site\n\nCOPYRIGHT 1996 - 2021 BY EDUCATION WORLD, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.\n\n * SchoolNotes.com\n * The Educator's Network\n\n75 Mill Street, Colchester, CT 06415\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.designastudy.com:80/teaching/tips-1198.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180703050620/http://www.designastudy.com:80/teaching/tips-1198.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Handwriting Without Tears", "passages": [ "The Handwriting Without Tears® developmental teaching order helps children master handwriting skills in the easiest, most efficient way. As a result, children can transition quickly from learning the mechanics of handwriting to focusing on content and meaning—in all subjects. We teach printing first. After printing is mastered, we add the cursive connections.", "Developmentally, capitals are easier so we teach them first. The capital teaching order helps teach correct formation and orientation while eliminating reversals. Learning capitals first makes it easy to transition to lowercase letters.", "We teach lowercase c, o, s, v, and w first because they are exactly the same as their capital partners, only smaller. By teaching capitals first, we have prepared children for nearly half of the lowercase letters that are similar in formation.", "In cursive, we teach lowercase letters first to help children learn cursive skills in the easiest, most efficient way. It’s also developmentally planned to start with letters that are familiar from printing, making an easier transition from print to cursive. Children learn their lowercase letters first, and then transition to capitals.", "Capitals are taught after lowercase letters because of their infrequent use and complex formations. Children usually learn capitals very quickly. The simple letter style and teaching order makes cursive capitals easy to learn." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Teach Handwriting by Kathryn Stout\n\n# Design-A-Study | Unlock the Love of Learning | Serving homeschoolers in\nDelaware, the USA, and the World\n\nAbout · Blog · Support/FAQ · Contact · Shipping Policy · View Cart\n\n## How to Teach Handwriting\n\nKathryn L. Stout, B.S.Ed., M.Ed. Published: November 1998 E-mail to yourself\n\nThere are three components to handwriting, whether a child is learning to\nprint or write in cursive: correct letter formation, uniform letter size, and\nuniform slant. Children should focus on one objective at a time-first, correct\nformation, then size, then slant. Have them work on several, but not all,\nletters, forming letters and then words. Once assigned letters are formed\ncorrectly, emphasize uniform size-lower case letters consistently half the\nsize of upper case letters, but continue to require correct formation. Then\nadd uniform slant, again, while continuing to require children to maintain the\ncorrect form and size already accomplished. Follow this procedure as you add\nnew letters, words, and sentences. When practicing single letters, require the\nsame even spacing as you do between whole words. It helps young children to\nuse a Popsicle stick or some other tool that can be placed on the paper for\nuniform spacing. (Using one or two fingers is often suggested.) Check slant by\ndrawing a straight line through center of each letter-top to bottom (not left\nto right). All those lines should be parallel if slant is uniform. Printing\nmay not require this check if letters are formed correctly. Cursive writing,\nhowever, often appears sloppy simply because all letters do not slant\nuniformly. The lines you draw through the letter should look like this: / / /\n/ or slant a bit more to the right, but not be a mix: / l / \\\\.\n\nOversee practice so children don't fill a page with improper work simply to\nfinish quickly. Praise letters and words written well and have the student\nerase and rewrite anything unacceptable. While this may seem time consuming,\nremember that it will actually take more time to undo bad habits.\n\nYoung children should use large writing or painting tools for better control.\nDon't be concerned about letter size at first, instead, emphasize form,\nletting them draw on blank paper with easy-to-hold \"fat\" markers, crayons, or\npaintbrushes which allow less pressure to be used in drawing a solid looking\nline. Be sure the children use the same grip required later for paper and\npencil work. For those children that insist on using adult pens and pencils,\nadd a finger grip (available at many educational supply and office supply\nstores).\n\nBegin with lines and shapes, encouraging children to draw all vertical lines\nfrom the top to the bottom. All circular shapes should begin at the 2 o'clock\nposition, moving up, left, and around-like the letter c. (Kids tend to start\nat the top and make egg shapes.) Shapes using straight lines-triangles,\nrectangles, and squares, should always use individual lines that meet, not a\nsingle stroke with an attempt to make \"pointy\" corners. Every line should be\ndrawn left to right or top to bottom. Vertical lines are drawn first, left\nside, then right side, and then the connecting horizontal lines. The\nhorizontal lines on top are first, and all horizontal lines should begin at\nthe left. Kids have their own short cuts, so these basics do need to be\ntaught.\n\nNext, teach a few lower-case letters and short words. Many children want to\nlearn to write their own name before anything else. That's fine as long as you\nare careful to show them the correct form for drawing each letter, only use a\ncapital letter at the beginning, and then give him samples to trace.\n\nOnce letter formation is acceptable, children should practice on paper with\nwide guide lines in order to learn to control size as well as to develop\nuniformity in size. There should be solid lines at the top and bottom, a\ndotted line in the middle, and space before the next guide lines. This is\ntypical primary handwriting paper, available at many local education or\nbusiness supply stores. Whether printing or writing in cursive, begin with\npaper that has a dotted middle line rather than using traditional notebook\npaper. The center line serves as an important guide and aids in faster\nachievement of uniformity of size. Handwriting paper is available with lines\nin a variety of widths. Have the student write something on blank paper so\nthat you can see the size he is most comfortable writing, then use that as\nyour guide, rather than age, to select the most appropriate paper for\npractice. Write the letter or word on the paper a few times for the students\nto trace and then copy.\n\nFor best results, handwriting practice should be scheduled every day. It is\nbetter to take several days off after practicing consistently for a week or\nso, then to practice erratically. It is also more effective to have two short\npractices a day then one long practice if the child becomes quickly fatigued\nwhen writing. Fine motor skills develop more slowly, especially in boys, then\ngross motor skills. Often boys fuss about paper and pencil work simply because\ntheir hands get tired. Be sure to have students sitting in a proper writing\nposition. The flat surface on which their arms can rest comfortably should not\nbe too high or too low, and their feet should be supported on the floor or on\na box, rather than dangling. Improper table height, a slouching or straining\nbody position or dangling feet all sap strength, increasing fatigue.\n\nHandwriting practice consists of copying, not creating, letters, words and\nsentences. Separate composition from handwriting by allowing children to\ndictate or type compositions, turn in work with handwriting that is less than\nperfect, or copy final drafts during regularly scheduled handwriting practice\ninstead of the usual handwriting lesson. Remember that composition requires\nstudents to focus on content and organization, and, during the editing\nprocess, on spelling and punctuation skills. If handwriting perfection is also\nrequired, students who are fatigued by handwriting or who have difficulty with\nneatness are likely to look for ways to avoid composition assignments. At the\nvery least they will compose extremely short works simply to avoid as much\nhandwriting as possible.\n\nIt is also acceptable to allow students to answer workbook questions orally,\navoiding handwriting to fill in blanks. During handwriting practice focus on\nadjusting size or any other difficulties that make attempts to fill in blanks\nsloppy, illegible, or tediously slow. Increase the total daily time spent on\nhandwriting as an isolated lesson as necessary rather than pressuring the\nstudent with handwriting expectations he is not yet able to meet while he is\nworking in other subjects. As maturity and motor skills allow, you may require\nreadable written answers that fit the allotted space. Once you know that the\nstudent is capable of neat work done at a reasonable speed, all final written\nwork (not rough drafts) can be required to meet the standard you have set.\n\nUltimately, students should be able to take phone messages, write letters, and\ncomplete applications with writing that is legible, neat, and fits into the\nspace allotted. Teach older students who have great difficulty with cursive\nwriting to sign their names with a mature looking cursive form, and then focus\non printing letters that are neat and small enough for filling out forms. They\ncan use their typing skills for everything else. The college bound student\nwill also need to print or write in cursive neatly and with enough speed to\ncomplete essay tests. Speed is also required for taking notes, although in\nthat case neatness is required only to the extent that they can read their own\nwriting. Otherwise, they, too, can rely on typing skills for reports and\ncompositions.\n\nHandwriting does not have to be a battleground. By targeting specific and\nnarrow objectives, praising efforts that are well-done as well as pointing out\nerrors to be corrected, and scheduling regular, supervised practice, progress\ncan be made much more rapidly than if children are left on their own to\ncomplete handwriting workbooks. Young children want to write well, but are\noften frustrated by their own lack of coordination and discouraged because it\nrequires so much more effort to please either the teacher or themselves than\nthey thought it would. Older students often rush to complete assignments and\nargue that neatness is irrelevant. In either case, the teacher must be\npatient, choose reasonable objectives, and stand firm. Legible handwriting is\na worthy cause!\n\n### Related Columns\n\n * More Tips for Teaching Handwriting\n * Making an Alphabet Book\n * Getting Ready to Handwrite\n\n### Related Books\n\n * Natural Speller\n * Comprehensive Composition\n * English Package\n * Teaching Tips & Techniques\n\n### Related Resources\n\n * Teaching Tips That Really Work\n\n### Products\n\nNatural Speller\n\nComprehensive Composition\n\nCritical Conditioning\n\nMovies As Literature\n\n...Student Workbook\n\nMaximum Math\n\nScience Scope\n\nGuides to History Plus\n\nThe Maya: Unit Study\n\nTeaching Tips & Techniques\n\nWorkshop Audio Cassettes\n\nPackages\n\nMovie Study Guides\n\nDiscounts\n\nConsulting Services\n\n### Teaching Help\n\nColumns: 2004-2006\n\nColumns: 2001-2003\n\nColumns: 1998-2000\n\nColumns: 1995-1997\n\nSubsribe/Unsubscribe\n\n### Information\n\nAbout Design-A-Study\n\nAbout the Author\n\nAbout Academy Adonai\n\nReviews\n\nConference Schedule\n\nOne-Day Workshops\n\n### Support\n\nFAQs\n\nForum\n\nPrintable Order Form\n\nWeb Links\n\nSite Search\n\n### Contact\n\nGeneral Contact\n\nFAQ Contact\n\nDistributor Contact\n\n### Home\n\nTerms and Conditions | Privacy Policy | Credits | Design | Hosting |\nAffiliates\n\n© Copyright 1995-2007 Design-A-Study. All rights reserved.\n\nDesign-A-Study offers a money-back guarantee for books returned in resalable\ncondition within thirty (30) days. Audiocassettes are not returnable, but may\nbe exchanged if defective. Please note: when shipping is free due to a special\noffer, postage is deducted from the price of returned items before the refund\nis issued.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.hwtears.com:80/hwt/why-it-works/teaching-order", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170615181302/http://www.hwtears.com:80/hwt/why-it-works/teaching-order", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to form letters, using the main fonts, when handwriting.", "passages": [ "In UK primary schools we only use the manuscript font style for capital letters, but schools mainly teach print, cursive or continuous cursive fonts for lower case letters.", "Click on the beginner or refiner level animations below to see all the letters and to print the practice worksheets.", "The first stage (Beginners) is learning to move a pencil in the correct directional sequence of movements; don’t worry about the size of the letters. Once the letters can be formed, your child needs to focus on the size and position of the letters in relation to each other (Refiners).", "On this web site we have used coloured strips to provide visual clues for your child, helping to develop their understanding of letter placement and size. For early years and ks1 children the animations and handwriting practice worksheets have picture clues to help learn where on the line to place the letters, for ks1 and ks2 children just colour clues are included.", "Your child is ready to learn how to handwrite letters once they can form, without difficulty, all of the pre-handwriting letter patterns.", "Initially learning to form letters is a less formal affair, using a range of media and game type activities e.g. drawing letters with paints or in sand. The important thing is to model and explain how to make the letter shapes with the correct start point, directional flow of the tool, or hand, and finish point.", "Once your child is ready to start sitting at a desk to handwrite it is important to ensure that their sitting position and table height are correct for them. At this stage they also need to be taught body and paper position. It is also a good idea to check their pencil grip in relation to their developmental stage and age.", "Usually at this stage your child will have a definite hand preference, being left or right handed (hand dominance). At the beginning of foundation stage (age 4 years) not showing a preferred hand dominance is not an issue, however as they come to the end of foundation stage (age 5 years) it can make life a little more difficult for them. Again by this stage if your child is swapping hands through a task they may need a little help in developing their hand dominance.", "Letters are created through joining lines and curve shapes in a particular way. They have a designated start point and set directional pushes and pulls of the pencil to reach the designated finish point. This is why we teach letter formation in groups/families rather than in alphabetical order. Certain groups use the same, or similar, shape and directional push and pulls of the pencil to form the letter, for instance the letter c has the same start point and anti-clockwise directional movement shape that is needed to create the letters a, d, g, o and, though a little more complicated, the letters s and e. Teaching letters in groups and families can also help to limit letter reversals such as b and d.", "It is important to learn how to form letters correctly to begin with as this makes the transition from single letter formation to joined letter handwriting much easier.", "Once your child has mastered and is able to form lower case letters of a consistent size, and have them correctly positioned in relation to one another, they are ready to learn how to join their writing." ] }, "parsed_md": "Teaching Order | Handwriting Without Tears\n\nSkip to Page Content\n\n * Get Set For School\n * Handwriting Without Tears\n * Keyboarding Without Tears\n * Workshops\n * Products\n\nLog In Contact Us Submit PO\n\n * Why It Works\n * Educators\n * Parents\n * Training\n * The Learning Lounge\n * Online Tools\n\nYou Are Here: HWT Home › Why It Works › Teaching Order\n\n * Our Curriculum\n\n * Teaching Philosophy\n * Kindergarten\n * Printing\n * Cursive\n * K-4 Editions\n * Why It Works\n\n * Teaching Strategies\n * Workbook Design\n * Teaching Order\n * Letter Style\n * Line Success\n * Awards\n * Testimonials\n * Research\n * Standards & Correlations\n * FAQs\n * Educators\n * Parents\n * Training\n * The Learning Lounge\n * Online Tools\n * News & Events\n * Shop Now\n\nYour opinion counts! Let us know what you think →\n\nLearn more about our Pre-K Get Set for School program →\n\nLearn more about our K–5 Keyboarding Without Tears program →\n\n# Teaching Order\n\nThe Handwriting Without Tears® developmental teaching order helps children\nmaster handwriting skills in the easiest, most efficient way. As a result,\nchildren can transition quickly from learning the mechanics of handwriting to\nfocusing on content and meaning—in all subjects. We teach printing first.\nAfter printing is mastered, we add the cursive connections.\n\n## Capital Teaching Order\n\nDevelopmentally, capitals are easier so we teach them first. The capital\nteaching order helps teach correct formation and orientation while eliminating\nreversals. Learning capitals first makes it easy to transition to lowercase\nletters.\n\n## Lowercase Teaching Order\n\nWe teach lowercase c, o, s, v, and w first because they are exactly the same\nas their capital partners, only smaller. By teaching capitals first, we have\nprepared children for nearly half of the lowercase letters that are similar in\nformation.\n\n## Lowercase Cursive Teaching Order\n\nIn cursive, we teach lowercase letters first to help children learn cursive\nskills in the easiest, most efficient way. It’s also developmentally planned\nto start with letters that are familiar from printing, making an easier\ntransition from print to cursive. Children learn their lowercase letters\nfirst, and then transition to capitals.\n\n## Capital Cursive Teaching Order\n\nCapitals are taught after lowercase letters because of their infrequent use\nand complex formations. Children usually learn capitals very quickly. The\nsimple letter style and teaching order makes cursive capitals easy to learn.\n\nView Video →\n\n * Kindergarten\n * Grade 1\n * Grade 2\n * Grade 3\n * Grade 4\n\nElectronic Teacher's Guides are also now available →\n\n## Site Links\n\n### About Us\n\n * Meet Jan Olsen\n * Careers\n * Why It Works\n * News and Events\n\n### Customer Support\n\n * Shipping and Delivery\n * Returns and Exchanges\n * Support Contacts\n * Submit Purchase Order\n\n### Product Information\n\n * Kindergarten Readiness\n * Printing Curriculum\n * Cursive Handwriting\n * Video Demonstrations\n * Download a Catalog\n * Printable Order Form\n\n### Training\n\n * About Workshops\n * Plan Your Own Workshop\n * Webinars\n * HWT Certification\n * How-To Videos\n\n### Educators\n\n * Bring HWT to your School or District\n * For Teachers\n * For Therapists\n * For Administrators\n\n### Parents\n\n * The Home Connection\n * Find Handwriting Specialists\n\nFollow Us Privacy Policy | Terms & Conditions\n\nCopyright © 2017 Handwriting Without Tears® All Rights Reserved\n\n806 W. Diamond Avenue, Suite 230, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA — Jan Olsen, OTR\nTel 301.263.2700 | Fax 301.263.2707 | Contact Us\n\n" } ]
1,394,176
How To Serve Merlot Wine
Before you serve merlot wine, refrigerate it for 45 minutes or chill it in a bucket of ice for 10 minutes so it's between 60-65 degrees Fahrenheit. Then, serve the wine in a wine glass with a wide bowl, a slightly tapered mouth, and a stem. If you want to pair your merlot with food, try beef or chicken. You can also pair merlot with hard cheeses, like aged cheddar, and soft cheeses, like camembert.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423124647/https://nymag.com/restaurants/articles/wine/essentials/temperatures.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170503233014/http://www.pinot-noir-wines.com:80/winestemware/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303124917/https://www.tastingtable.com/drinks/national/how-to-pour-wine-how-to-open-a-bottle-of-wine", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201206005412/https://foodal.com/drinks-2/wine/pick-best-merlot-budget/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200101202656/https://winefolly.com/tutorial/merlot-wine-taste-and-food-pairing/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509163528/https://www.winemag.com/2015/01/20/wine-for-beginners/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20191003072142/http://dish.allrecipes.com:80/best-recipes-pair-merlot/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170618032801/http://winefolly.com/tutorial/how-long-to-decant-wine/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160821095251/http://winemonger.com:80/catalog/winemonger-talk/wine-and-cheese-pairing/2006/07/15/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200121033312/https://www.foodandwine.com/articles/wine-101-merlot" ]
train
2,001
[ { "original_url": "https://nymag.com/restaurants/articles/wine/essentials/temperatures.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423124647/https://nymag.com/restaurants/articles/wine/essentials/temperatures.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Wines: Temp Work", "passages": [ "When wine is too cold, you can hardly taste it. When it's too warm, it tastes flabby and diffuse. But most wine, whether it's consumed at home or in restaurants, is served at the wrong temperature.", "Back in the day, two benchmarks controlled wine service: The temperature of the wine cellar (about 55oF) and room temperature (which, in a European castle, would be in the low 60s). You served your whites at cellar temperature, or maybe chilled in an ice bucket for a few minutes, and your reds at room temperature. Perfect.", "But today, most people don't have castles or wine cellars. Consequently, they serve whites at refrigerator temperature (in the 40s). Room temperature in the average, centrally heated New York apartment or restaurant is likely to be in the mid- to high-70s (or even higher in the exposed wine storage area behind most restaurants' bars), so most red wines wind up being too warm and most whites are too cold.", "To enjoy wine at the proper temperature, you need to act in a counterintuitive manner: Chill your reds and warm your whites. Unless you have a proper wine cellar, you should let your red wines spend about forty-five minutes in the refrigerator or ten minutes in an ice bucket (fill the bucket with a mix of ice and water for the quickest results). This will bring out the fruit and de- emphasize the tannins. Whites should come out of the fridge about half an hour before serving, or you should start them at room temperature and ice them for some twenty or so minutes to release their bouquets. If you follow these rules of thumb, you'll notice an immediate improvement in your wine enjoyment.", "If you want to get more serious about temperature -- and I think it's well worth the trouble -- you can do a little experimenting. Chill a bottle of red wine overnight in the refrigerator. Get yourself a thermometer and pour and taste the wine as it rises through the various temperature levels. Touch the bottle to learn how the different temperatures feel on the back of your hand (just like feeling your kids' foreheads). You'll be an expert in a matter of hours, and you'll be able to serve every kind of wine at its ideal temperature.", "Full-bodied reds, such as Bordeaux, California Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, Rhone Valley, Australian Shiraz, Burgundy, Oregon Pinot Noir, Zinfandel, Italian Brunello and Barolo and port, show themselves best at 60oF to 65oF (about forty-five minutes in the fridge; bottle should be slightly cool to the touch). This is the warmest you should ever serve any wine. The truly great Burgundy whites, like Montrachet, drink more like reds than like whites and will also exhibit their flavors best at these temperatures.", "Light, fruity reds, like Italian Dolcetto and young Chianti, Valpolicella, young Rioja from Spain and Loire Valley reds like Chinon and Bourgueil do best at 50oF to 60oF (about one and a half hours in the fridge; bottle starting to feel cold).", "Likewise, the 50oF to 60oF range is ideal for substantial white wines, such as most white Burgundy, California and Australia Chardonnay and German Spatlese and Auslese, as well as high quality dessert wines like Sauternes and late-harvest Rieslings.", "Light, fruity whites, such as French whites from the Loire, Alsace and Bordeaux, lighter Australian whites, Oregon Pinot Gris and all Sauvignon Blancs are best at 45oF to 50oF (two hours in the fridge; bottle cold to the touch). This is also the proper range for fine vintage champagne and ice wine.", "Only the simplest wines should be ice cold (below 45oF; three hours in the fridge). Basic Spanish and Portuguese whites (like Vinho Verde), the lesser-quality sweet wines, rosés and non-vintage sparkling wines." ] }, "parsed_md": "Wines: Temp Work\n\n|\n\nTemp Work \n \n--- \nProper serving temperatures are key to wine enjoyment. \nBy Joseph Nase \n \nWhen wine is too cold, you can hardly taste it. When it's too warm, it tastes\nflabby and diffuse. But most wine, whether it's consumed at home or in\nrestaurants, is served at the wrong temperature.\n\nBack in the day, two benchmarks controlled wine service: The temperature of\nthe wine cellar (about 55oF) and room temperature (which, in a European\ncastle, would be in the low 60s). You served your whites at cellar\ntemperature, or maybe chilled in an ice bucket for a few minutes, and your\nreds at room temperature. Perfect.\n\nBut today, most people don't have castles or wine cellars. Consequently, they\nserve whites at refrigerator temperature (in the 40s). Room temperature in the\naverage, centrally heated New York apartment or restaurant is likely to be in\nthe mid- to high-70s (or even higher in the exposed wine storage area behind\nmost restaurants' bars), so most red wines wind up being too warm and most\nwhites are too cold.\n\nTo enjoy wine at the proper temperature, you need to act in a counterintuitive\nmanner: Chill your reds and warm your whites. Unless you have a proper wine\ncellar, you should let your red wines spend about forty-five minutes in the\nrefrigerator or ten minutes in an ice bucket (fill the bucket with a mix of\nice and water for the quickest results). This will bring out the fruit and de-\nemphasize the tannins. Whites should come out of the fridge about half an hour\nbefore serving, or you should start them at room temperature and ice them for\nsome twenty or so minutes to release their bouquets. If you follow these rules\nof thumb, you'll notice an immediate improvement in your wine enjoyment.\n\nIf you want to get more serious about temperature -- and I think it's well\nworth the trouble -- you can do a little experimenting. Chill a bottle of red\nwine overnight in the refrigerator. Get yourself a thermometer and pour and\ntaste the wine as it rises through the various temperature levels. Touch the\nbottle to learn how the different temperatures feel on the back of your hand\n(just like feeling your kids' foreheads). You'll be an expert in a matter of\nhours, and you'll be able to serve every kind of wine at its ideal\ntemperature.\n\n * Full-bodied reds, such as Bordeaux, California Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, Rhone Valley, Australian Shiraz, Burgundy, Oregon Pinot Noir, Zinfandel, Italian Brunello and Barolo and port, show themselves best at 60oF to 65oF (about forty-five minutes in the fridge; bottle should be slightly cool to the touch). This is the warmest you should ever serve any wine. The truly great Burgundy whites, like Montrachet, drink more like reds than like whites and will also exhibit their flavors best at these temperatures.\n * Light, fruity reds, like Italian Dolcetto and young Chianti, Valpolicella, young Rioja from Spain and Loire Valley reds like Chinon and Bourgueil do best at 50oF to 60oF (about one and a half hours in the fridge; bottle starting to feel cold).\n * Likewise, the 50oF to 60oF range is ideal for substantial white wines, such as most white Burgundy, California and Australia Chardonnay and German Spatlese and Auslese, as well as high quality dessert wines like Sauternes and late-harvest Rieslings.\n * Light, fruity whites, such as French whites from the Loire, Alsace and Bordeaux, lighter Australian whites, Oregon Pinot Gris and all Sauvignon Blancs are best at 45oF to 50oF (two hours in the fridge; bottle cold to the touch). This is also the proper range for fine vintage champagne and ice wine.\n * Only the simplest wines should be ice cold (below 45oF; three hours in the fridge). Basic Spanish and Portuguese whites (like Vinho Verde), the lesser-quality sweet wines, rosés and non-vintage sparkling wines.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.pinot-noir-wines.com:80/winestemware/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170503233014/http://www.pinot-noir-wines.com:80/winestemware/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Types of Wine Glasses", "passages": [ "Choosing the right types of wine glasses is necessary in order to completely enjoy a certain type of wine. Many different styles exist in varying degrees of quality, ranging from expensive crystal to cheap stemware. Though the choice of wine glass is purely based upon individual preferences, wine experts have advised the use of certain stemware. This report will examine these types of wine stemware and discuss their attributes, relating to the flavor of wine they are meant to be used with. This will be accomplished through the use of the following sections:", "When choosing a wine glass, regardless of the type of wine, pay close attention to the material from which it is made. Make sure the glass is plain and clear. Dyed/frosted glass will not allow for an appreciation of the wines color, which can tell the drinker how old the wine is, what types of grapes were used, and so on. Crystal glasses, unless of the finest quality, can distort or skew the view of the wine, and should be used only by more experienced drinkers.", "Next, choose a glass with a large enough bowl. It should be of sufficient size to allow for a generous pour and still leave plenty of room for swirling, which releases the aromas from the wine. The shape of the bowl is also important. It should taper in near the top and have a wide base. This concentrates the aromas and directs them upwards after a good swirl.", "Most importantly, the glass should have a stem, no matter if it is for white or red wine. The bowls on glasses without much of a stem tend to get covered in greasy fingerprints, which disrupt the inspection of the wine.", "Every expert agrees that a wine glass should be held by the stem only, whether it is for red or white wines. Not only will this deter the appearance of fingerprints, as discussed above, but it will help to ensure that the wine stays at its desired temperature. If the glass is held by the bowl, body heat will transfer from the palm into the wine, warming it at a consistent rate. If the wine reaches a temperature of 24 degrees Celsius or above, the alcohol present in the wine will give a sharp bite to the taste.", "Because of the serving size (3 oz.), glasses crafted for white wine tend to have a smaller bowl then red wine glasses. It is not uncommon to find that white wine glasses have a longer stem and smaller base then their red counterparts. This section will examine three different types of white wine glasses.", "Chardonnay glasses have a wide bowl and a slightly tapered top. The volume can be anywhere from 5 7 ounces, leaving plenty of room for swirling and sipping. Possessing a longer stem, Chardonnay glasses are focused on keeping the wine as cool as possible", "Narrower and taller than Chardonnay glasses, Riesling glasses are made to concentrate the fruity aromas in the upper portion of the glass. The volume ranges from 6 7 ounces, and a longer stem keeps the wine chilled; the sweet nature of Riesling calls for a cool serving.", "The perfect Sauvignon Blanc glass is tall and slim, offering the freshness and aromas of the wine on the nose. The glass has a long stem and narrow bowl, slightly tapered at the top. The volume ranges from 5 6 ounces.", "Red wine glasses have a much larger bowl and tend to be wider than white wine glasses. This is because of the serving size (4 5 ounces) and the strong aromas and flavors associated with red wines; more space for the wine to breathe results in a wider bouquet and a more pleasurable experience. The opening of the glass is wider as well, allowing the drinker to get a good whiff of the bouquet. Three of the more popular red wines glasses will be examined here.", "Merlot glasses have a large bowl with a slightly tapered top. The volume of the bowl typically reaches 30 ounces, leaving lots of room for swirling and bouquets. The stem is of average length, and the base is wider than other red wine glasses.", "Because Pinot Noir is a fruity wine, it is common to find quality glasses with the rim turned out to direct the intense flavors immediately to the palette. The bowl of the pinot noir wine glass is wide and large, having a 35 ounce capacity and a tapered top. The stem is shorter than other red wine glasses.", "Glasses made for Shiraz and syrah tend to be smaller than other red wine varieties. The bowl generally has a 20 ounce capacity and is severely tapered inwards. The glass has a mid-size stem and wide base. The shape of the bowl is intended to first present the fruit aromas, followed by the tannin flavors.", "Due to the sugars, high level of alcohol and intense taste of port, the port glass is finely tuned. Having a volume of 8 9 ounces, the shape is small and slender. This style helps to mask the overwhelming alcohol odors emitted and instead focuses the bouquet on the subtle oak, blackcurrant and pepper prevalent in good port wine.", "Ice wines and other sweet wines require a specialized glass. The volume ranges from 11 13 ounces and the bowl is highly tapered. The shape of the bowl allows for a generous swirl, while still maintaining ideal wine to air ratios. As well, the ice wine glass design succeeds in accentuating the acidity of the wine, balancing the overwhelming sweetness.", "Champagne and sparkling wine are served in glasses called flutes. The flute is a tall, slender glass designed to concentrate the bubbles of a liquid on the tip of the tongue. The shape conveys the rich scent of Champagne immediately upon sipping. The volume of the bowl ranges from 6 8 ounces and the base is wide to provide stability.", "Wine glasses should be served at roughly the same temperature that the wine itself will have. For white wines, the glass temperature should be between 8 10 degrees Celsius, light red wines around 14 degrees Celsius, and full bodied reds between 16 17 degrees Celsius. Try to avoid putting the glass in direct sunlight, as this will quickly alter the temperature.", "These measurements are suggested temperatures, but if the wine is warmer than the glass, dew drops will form on the interior, thereby obstructing the view of the wine. Chill wine glasses appropriately to your tastes.", "Though it may seem trivial, washing your wine glass properly is important to ensure that the wine is not tainted or skewed by water spots. There are numerous methods and recommendations on how to wash a wine glass, and this section will discuss the more practical ones.", "As the name implies, this method involves simply rinsing the glass in hot water over and over again until all residual wine is gone. Do not dry with a towel or use a cloth. When finished, turn the glass over and rest it on a clean towel to air dry. If there are lipstick stains, gently rub your fingers over the dirty spot while running it under hot water until it squeaks and no lipstick is present.", "For an extra shine, steam the rinsed wine glass over boiling water and then allow to air dry upside down on the towel.", "Add one drop of very mild detergent to each glass you are washing and gently wash the glass with a clean cloth in warm water. Repeat this procedure until the wine stain is removed. Afterwards, rinse the glass repeatedly until absolutely no soap bubbles remain. Soap scum will taint the wine glass and interfere with the taste and aroma of your wine.", "This method is only generally used on crystal or expensive glass. Mix the cleaning soda in the glass with warm water and gently swirl it around. The soda will clean the glass and absorb any leftover wine stains. Though this method takes a little longer, the result will be a streak-free and flawless glass.", "Only to be used with shorter-stemmed and inexpensive wine glasses, the dishwasher is an efficient way to clean numerous glasses at once. Use a little less detergent than you normally would, and allow the dishwasher to complete the washing phase. Set the drying level to the lowest possible setting and allow the glasses to dry. When the drying phase is done, immediately remove the glasses and wipe them down with a clean towel. Any remaining stains should be removed using one of the previous methods.", "Wine glasses should be kept in a separate location from other glasses and hung upside down. This ensures that the glasses are not chipped or damaged when retrieving them. Experts suggest having a wine glass rack built to the underside of a counter or bar, leaving them easily accessible. On the rack, wine glasses should be spaced no less than Ό of an inch from the next glass.", "Crystal wine glasses should be kept as far away from sources of odors as possible. This includes coffee makers, spice cupboards, and the like. Because crystal is more porous than glass, it can easily absorb foreign odors and then impart that odor to the wine.", "Also, if there are smokers in the household, be sure that wine glasses are stored in a well ventilated area. Tobacco smoke attaches itself to most surfaces, and wine glasses are no exception. This can lead to a foul tasting wine.", "Firstly, inspect the wine; it is best to view against a light colored background. The color of the wine will hint at its age; a darker red wine indicates youthfulness, while a fading red alludes to age. White wine will also fade with age.", "Next, give the wine a gentle swirl in the glass. Swirling allows for more wine to come in contact with the air, which releases subtle aromas. At this point, take a strong whiff near the top of the wine glass. The scent of young wines will be strong and fruity, while mature wines will release secondary aromas of earth or wood.", "Now, the actually tasting. A sip of wine should be taken into the mouth and held there; do not swallow right away. The aromas from the wine will permeate through the upper airway and through the nasal area. It is with these aromas that wine is truly tasted. Breathe in and out through the nose, or slurp some air in from the mouth to release more aromas.", "The wine will change as it is held in the mouth. First impressions are referred to as the fore palate, followed by the mid and end palate. Each stage will convey subtle flavors and scents.", "The next step in tasting wine is to swallow a small amount. This conveys still more flavors to the palate and will leave a lingering taste in the mouth, which is referred to as the length; different wines will have different lengths, with the general rule stating that a longer length means a higher quality wine.", "Wine glasses are as important to a drinking experience as the wine itself. Without proper stemware, the subtleties and aromas of the wine are lost to the air. This report shows that the wine glass is a subjective instrument, adaptable for any type of wine." ] }, "parsed_md": "Types of Wine Glasses - Stemware\n\n# Wine Glasses - Stemware\n\nChoosing the right types of wine glasses is necessary in order to completely\nenjoy a certain type of wine. Many different styles exist in varying degrees\nof quality, ranging from expensive crystal to cheap stemware. Though the\nchoice of wine glass is purely based upon individual preferences, wine experts\nhave advised the use of certain stemware. This report will examine these types\nof wine stemware and discuss their attributes, relating to the flavor of wine\nthey are meant to be used with. This will be accomplished through the use of\nthe following sections:\n\n1\\. Choosing types of Wine Glasses 2. Using a Wine Glass 3. White Wine 3.1.1.\nChardonnay 3.1.2. Riesling 3.1.3. Sauvignon Blanc 4. Red Wine 4.1.1. Merlot\n4.1.2. Pinot Noir 4.1.3. Shiraz 5. Port 6. Dessert/Ice Wines 7.\nChampagne/Sparkling Wines 8. Wine Glass Temperatures 9. Washing your Wine\nGlasses 9.1.1. Rinsing 9.1.2. Washing 9.1.3. Cleaning/Baking Soda 9.1.4.\nDishwasher 10. Storing your Wine Glasses 11. Proper Tasting Technique\n\n## Choosing Wine Glasses\n\nWhen choosing a wine glass, regardless of the type of wine, pay close\nattention to the material from which it is made. Make sure the glass is plain\nand clear. Dyed/frosted glass will not allow for an appreciation of the wines\ncolor, which can tell the drinker how old the wine is, what types of grapes\nwere used, and so on. Crystal glasses, unless of the finest quality, can\ndistort or skew the view of the wine, and should be used only by more\nexperienced drinkers.\n\nNext, choose a glass with a large enough bowl. It should be of sufficient size\nto allow for a generous pour and still leave plenty of room for swirling,\nwhich releases the aromas from the wine. The shape of the bowl is also\nimportant. It should taper in near the top and have a wide base. This\nconcentrates the aromas and directs them upwards after a good swirl.\n\nMost importantly, the glass should have a stem, no matter if it is for white\nor red wine. The bowls on glasses without much of a stem tend to get covered\nin greasy fingerprints, which disrupt the inspection of the wine.\n\n## Using a Wine Glass\n\nEvery expert agrees that a wine glass should be held by the stem only, whether\nit is for red or white wines. Not only will this deter the appearance of\nfingerprints, as discussed above, but it will help to ensure that the wine\nstays at its desired temperature. If the glass is held by the bowl, body heat\nwill transfer from the palm into the wine, warming it at a consistent rate. If\nthe wine reaches a temperature of 24 degrees Celsius or above, the alcohol\npresent in the wine will give a sharp bite to the taste.\n\n## White Wine\n\nBecause of the serving size (3 oz.), glasses crafted for white wine tend to\nhave a smaller bowl then red wine glasses. It is not uncommon to find that\nwhite wine glasses have a longer stem and smaller base then their red\ncounterparts. This section will examine three different types of white wine\nglasses.\n\n## Chardonnay\n\nChardonnay glasses have a wide bowl and a slightly tapered top. The volume can\nbe anywhere from 5 7 ounces, leaving plenty of room for swirling and sipping.\nPossessing a longer stem, Chardonnay glasses are focused on keeping the wine\nas cool as possible\n\nRiesling\n\nNarrower and taller than Chardonnay glasses, Riesling glasses are made to\nconcentrate the fruity aromas in the upper portion of the glass. The volume\nranges from 6 7 ounces, and a longer stem keeps the wine chilled; the sweet\nnature of Riesling calls for a cool serving.\n\nSauvignon Blanc\n\nThe perfect Sauvignon Blanc glass is tall and slim, offering the freshness and\naromas of the wine on the nose. The glass has a long stem and narrow bowl,\nslightly tapered at the top. The volume ranges from 5 6 ounces.\n\nRed Wines\n\nRed wine glasses have a much larger bowl and tend to be wider than white wine\nglasses. This is because of the serving size (4 5 ounces) and the strong\naromas and flavors associated with red wines; more space for the wine to\nbreathe results in a wider bouquet and a more pleasurable experience. The\nopening of the glass is wider as well, allowing the drinker to get a good\nwhiff of the bouquet. Three of the more popular red wines glasses will be\nexamined here.\n\nMerlot\n\nMerlot glasses have a large bowl with a slightly tapered top. The volume of\nthe bowl typically reaches 30 ounces, leaving lots of room for swirling and\nbouquets. The stem is of average length, and the base is wider than other red\nwine glasses.\n\nPinot Noir Wine\n\nBecause Pinot Noir is a fruity wine, it is common to find quality glasses with\nthe rim turned out to direct the intense flavors immediately to the palette.\nThe bowl of the pinot noir wine glass is wide and large, having a 35 ounce\ncapacity and a tapered top. The stem is shorter than other red wine glasses.\n\nShiraz/Syrah\n\nGlasses made for Shiraz and syrah tend to be smaller than other red wine\nvarieties. The bowl generally has a 20 ounce capacity and is severely tapered\ninwards. The glass has a mid-size stem and wide base. The shape of the bowl is\nintended to first present the fruit aromas, followed by the tannin flavors.\n\nPort\n\nDue to the sugars, high level of alcohol and intense taste of port, the port\nglass is finely tuned. Having a volume of 8 9 ounces, the shape is small and\nslender. This style helps to mask the overwhelming alcohol odors emitted and\ninstead focuses the bouquet on the subtle oak, blackcurrant and pepper\nprevalent in good port wine.\n\nDessert and Ice Wines\n\nIce wines and other sweet wines require a specialized glass. The volume ranges\nfrom 11 13 ounces and the bowl is highly tapered. The shape of the bowl allows\nfor a generous swirl, while still maintaining ideal wine to air ratios. As\nwell, the ice wine glass design succeeds in accentuating the acidity of the\nwine, balancing the overwhelming sweetness.\n\nChampagne/Sparkling Wines\n\nChampagne and sparkling wine are served in glasses called flutes. The flute is\na tall, slender glass designed to concentrate the bubbles of a liquid on the\ntip of the tongue. The shape conveys the rich scent of Champagne immediately\nupon sipping. The volume of the bowl ranges from 6 8 ounces and the base is\nwide to provide stability.\n\nWine Glass Temperatures\n\nWine glasses should be served at roughly the same temperature that the wine\nitself will have. For white wines, the glass temperature should be between 8\n10 degrees Celsius, light red wines around 14 degrees Celsius, and full bodied\nreds between 16 17 degrees Celsius. Try to avoid putting the glass in direct\nsunlight, as this will quickly alter the temperature.\n\nThese measurements are suggested temperatures, but if the wine is warmer than\nthe glass, dew drops will form on the interior, thereby obstructing the view\nof the wine. Chill wine glasses appropriately to your tastes.\n\nWashing your Wine Glasses\n\nThough it may seem trivial, washing your wine glass properly is important to\nensure that the wine is not tainted or skewed by water spots. There are\nnumerous methods and recommendations on how to wash a wine glass, and this\nsection will discuss the more practical ones.\n\nRinsing\n\nAs the name implies, this method involves simply rinsing the glass in hot\nwater over and over again until all residual wine is gone. Do not dry with a\ntowel or use a cloth. When finished, turn the glass over and rest it on a\nclean towel to air dry. If there are lipstick stains, gently rub your fingers\nover the dirty spot while running it under hot water until it squeaks and no\nlipstick is present.\n\nFor an extra shine, steam the rinsed wine glass over boiling water and then\nallow to air dry upside down on the towel.\n\nWashing\n\nAdd one drop of very mild detergent to each glass you are washing and gently\nwash the glass with a clean cloth in warm water. Repeat this procedure until\nthe wine stain is removed. Afterwards, rinse the glass repeatedly until\nabsolutely no soap bubbles remain. Soap scum will taint the wine glass and\ninterfere with the taste and aroma of your wine.\n\nCleaning/Baking Soda\n\nThis method is only generally used on crystal or expensive glass. Mix the\ncleaning soda in the glass with warm water and gently swirl it around. The\nsoda will clean the glass and absorb any leftover wine stains. Though this\nmethod takes a little longer, the result will be a streak-free and flawless\nglass.\n\nDishwasher\n\nOnly to be used with shorter-stemmed and inexpensive wine glasses, the\ndishwasher is an efficient way to clean numerous glasses at once. Use a little\nless detergent than you normally would, and allow the dishwasher to complete\nthe washing phase. Set the drying level to the lowest possible setting and\nallow the glasses to dry. When the drying phase is done, immediately remove\nthe glasses and wipe them down with a clean towel. Any remaining stains should\nbe removed using one of the previous methods.\n\nStoring your Wine Glasses\n\nWine glasses should be kept in a separate location from other glasses and hung\nupside down. This ensures that the glasses are not chipped or damaged when\nretrieving them. Experts suggest having a wine glass rack built to the\nunderside of a counter or bar, leaving them easily accessible. On the rack,\nwine glasses should be spaced no less than Ό of an inch from the next glass.\n\nCrystal wine glasses should be kept as far away from sources of odors as\npossible. This includes coffee makers, spice cupboards, and the like. Because\ncrystal is more porous than glass, it can easily absorb foreign odors and then\nimpart that odor to the wine.\n\nAlso, if there are smokers in the household, be sure that wine glasses are\nstored in a well ventilated area. Tobacco smoke attaches itself to most\nsurfaces, and wine glasses are no exception. This can lead to a foul tasting\nwine.\n\nProper Tasting Techniques\n\nFirstly, inspect the wine; it is best to view against a light colored\nbackground. The color of the wine will hint at its age; a darker red wine\nindicates youthfulness, while a fading red alludes to age. White wine will\nalso fade with age.\n\nNext, give the wine a gentle swirl in the glass. Swirling allows for more wine\nto come in contact with the air, which releases subtle aromas. At this point,\ntake a strong whiff near the top of the wine glass. The scent of young wines\nwill be strong and fruity, while mature wines will release secondary aromas of\nearth or wood.\n\nNow, the actually tasting. A sip of wine should be taken into the mouth and\nheld there; do not swallow right away. The aromas from the wine will permeate\nthrough the upper airway and through the nasal area. It is with these aromas\nthat wine is truly tasted. Breathe in and out through the nose, or slurp some\nair in from the mouth to release more aromas.\n\nThe wine will change as it is held in the mouth. First impressions are\nreferred to as the fore palate, followed by the mid and end palate. Each stage\nwill convey subtle flavors and scents.\n\nThe next step in tasting wine is to swallow a small amount. This conveys still\nmore flavors to the palate and will leave a lingering taste in the mouth,\nwhich is referred to as the length; different wines will have different\nlengths, with the general rule stating that a longer length means a higher\nquality wine.\n\nLastly, spit out the remainder of the wine. This is especially important at\nwine-tasting functions to avoid inebriation.\n\nConclusion\n\nWine glasses are as important to a drinking experience as the wine itself.\nWithout proper stemware, the subtleties and aromas of the wine are lost to the\nair. This report shows that the wine glass is a subjective instrument,\nadaptable for any type of wine.\n\n*Pictures courtesy of www.riedel.com\n\nprivacy policy \n \n---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.tastingtable.com/drinks/national/how-to-pour-wine-how-to-open-a-bottle-of-wine", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303124917/https://www.tastingtable.com/drinks/national/how-to-pour-wine-how-to-open-a-bottle-of-wine", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Open & Pour a Bottle of Wine", "passages": [ "You don't have to break out the tastevins and cork plates to serve wine like a pro. By taking just a few pages from the sommelier's playbook, even the clumsiest among us (we've been there) can learn to open and pour a bottle with panache.", "First, get yourself set up. Besides the bottle and proper glassware, you'll need a wine key—aka a double-hinged corkscrew or \"waiter's friend\"—as well as a neatly folded napkin with a dampened corner. (Draping it over your forearm may seem overly formal, but it sure is convenient.) And before you approach the table, be sure to check that wine temperature. Ready? Onward:", "2 Don't set the bottle on the table to open it—hold it firmly in one hand with the label facing your guest.", "3 With your other hand, place the cutting blade just beneath the bottom lip of the bottle's mouth, where it meets the neck.", "4 Using steady pressure on the blade, cut the foil all the way around the bottle in one or two smooth strokes, without turning the bottle. Then position the blade along the incision, scrape the foil upward in another smooth stroke or two to loosen it, and finally remove it with your hand. Ideally the capsule will come off in one piece. (This can all be very awkward—until it isn't.)", "6 Insert the corkscrew into the center of the cork and twist straight downward, again without turning the bottle, until it's almost all the way in (if you insert it completely, you risk piercing the bottom of the cork—not a good look).", "7 Set the larger, hinged notch of the wine key atop the bottle's mouth and begin smoothly raising the handle until the cork is a little more than halfway out; with the smaller, lower notch, repeat to extract it fully (and quietly). Wipe the end of the cork.", "8 Holding the bottle in your right hand with the label still facing your guest, begin carefully pouring the wine into the glass, making sure the bottle's neck doesn't touch the rim, until the glass is no more than half full, or one-third full if the bowl of the glass is extra big.", "9 Just before pulling the bottle away, give it a quick quarter turn with your wrist, then tilt it back toward the upright position to prevent dripping. Wipe the mouth of the bottle again.", "10 If the wine should be chilled, set the bottle in an ice bucket filled partway with ice and cold water—but don't hesitate to remove it if it starts getting too cold.", "A final note: Decanters may be used to aerate young, tannic reds; to remove sediment from older reds; or simply because they look cool. But that's a topic unto itself; stay tuned.", "To-Dos allows Tasting Table members to store and remember all of the food and drink recommendations we send out each week. You've now added the To-Dos below to your personal list. You can access your To-Do list at any time by visiting http://TastingTable.com and clicking \"Login\". Happy eating!", "Tasting Table serves genuine editorial. There is no pay for play: We only recommend products and services we love. If you read about a product or service on our site and make a purchase through the links we provide, we may receive a small commission or \"affiliate fee\" that we use to offset our editorial costs. \"Partner Content\" from our advertisers are not editorial recommendations and are clearly marked on every post or email as such. Click here for our editorial policy." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Open & Pour a Bottle of Wine | Tasting Table\n\nLOGIN | SIGN UP My Account\n\n * SHARES 162\n\n#### Drinks\n\n# Pour like a Pro\n\nHow to open and pour a bottle of wine the right way\n\nBy Ruth Tobias\n\n2/19/15\n\n * SHARES 162\n\nPrint Save\n\nPhoto: Tasting Table\n\nYou don't have to break out the tastevins and cork plates to serve wine like a\npro. By taking just a few pages from the sommelier's playbook, even the\nclumsiest among us (we've been there) can learn to open and pour a bottle with\npanache.\n\nFirst, get yourself set up. Besides the bottle and proper glassware, you'll\nneed a wine key—aka a double-hinged corkscrew or \"waiter's friend\"—as well as\na neatly folded napkin with a dampened corner. (Draping it over your forearm\nmay seem overly formal, but it sure is convenient.) And before you approach\nthe table, be sure to check that wine temperature. Ready? Onward:\n\n1 Stand to the right of your guest.\n\n2 Don't set the bottle on the table to open it—hold it firmly in one hand with\nthe label facing your guest.\n\n3 With your other hand, place the cutting blade just beneath the bottom lip of\nthe bottle's mouth, where it meets the neck.\n\n4 Using steady pressure on the blade, cut the foil all the way around the\nbottle in one or two smooth strokes, without turning the bottle. Then position\nthe blade along the incision, scrape the foil upward in another smooth stroke\nor two to loosen it, and finally remove it with your hand. Ideally the capsule\nwill come off in one piece. (This can all be very awkward—until it isn't.)\n\n5 With the damp end of your napkin, wipe off the mouth of the bottle.\n\nRELATED Our Best Dessert Wine Pairings »\n\n6 Insert the corkscrew into the center of the cork and twist straight\ndownward, again without turning the bottle, until it's almost all the way in\n(if you insert it completely, you risk piercing the bottom of the cork—not a\ngood look).\n\n7 Set the larger, hinged notch of the wine key atop the bottle's mouth and\nbegin smoothly raising the handle until the cork is a little more than halfway\nout; with the smaller, lower notch, repeat to extract it fully (and quietly).\nWipe the end of the cork.\n\n8 Holding the bottle in your right hand with the label still facing your\nguest, begin carefully pouring the wine into the glass, making sure the\nbottle's neck doesn't touch the rim, until the glass is no more than half\nfull, or one-third full if the bowl of the glass is extra big.\n\n9 Just before pulling the bottle away, give it a quick quarter turn with your\nwrist, then tilt it back toward the upright position to prevent dripping. Wipe\nthe mouth of the bottle again.\n\n10 If the wine should be chilled, set the bottle in an ice bucket filled\npartway with ice and cold water—but don't hesitate to remove it if it starts\ngetting too cold.\n\nA final note: Decanters may be used to aerate young, tannic reds; to remove\nsediment from older reds; or simply because they look cool. But that's a topic\nunto itself; stay tuned.\n\n##### Tags:\n\nWine #WineServingTips\n\n## NEXT STEP: The Secret to Finding Value Wines\n\nMore Serve Wine at the Right Temperature\n\nWant the inside scoop? get the latest recipes, news and hacks from tasting\ntable\n\nTHANKS FOR SUBSCRIBING! Please check your inbox to verify your email address.\n\n## LET’S DISCUSS:\n\nHotStuff\n\n * * Drinks 10 Winter-Weather Drinks to Keep You Warm\n\n * * Loading Video...\n\nDining Ditch the Toast for Creamy, Satisfying Avocado Ramen à la Mr. Taka\nRamen\n\n * Dining Make a Tomato Burger\n\n * Dining Yes, You Can Find Great Pizza Near NYC's Tourist Attractions\n\nGet the Tasting Table newsletter for adventurous eaters everywhere\n\nClose\n\n#### Tasting Table To-Dos\n\nTo-Dos allows Tasting Table members to store and remember all of the food and\ndrink recommendations we send out each week. You've now added the To-Dos below\nto your personal list. You can access your To-Do list at any time by visiting\nhttp://TastingTable.com and clicking \"Login\". Happy eating!\n\nempty\n\nGo to your To-Do List\n\nX Share on FB →\n\n## Around the Web\n\nTasting Table serves genuine editorial. There is no pay for play: We only\nrecommend products and services we love. If you read about a product or\nservice on our site and make a purchase through the links we provide, we may\nreceive a small commission or \"affiliate fee\" that we use to offset our\neditorial costs. \"Partner Content\" from our advertisers are not editorial\nrecommendations and are clearly marked on every post or email as such. Click\nhere for our editorial policy.\n\n© 2008–2021 TDT Media Inc. doing business as Tasting Table. All Rights\nreserved.\n\nTerms & conditions Privacy policy Editorial policy\n\nThanks for sharing!\n\nThis page is now en route to its destination.\n\n## LOG IN TO YOUR ACCOUNT\n\nLog in with Facebook\n\nor\n\n## are you a foodie? Sign up free to get:\n\n## are you a foodie? Sign up free to get:\n\n * Our award-winning newsletter\n * Invitations to exclusive dining events\n * Tools to easily save recipes and articles\n\nContinue with Facebook\n\nor\n\nX\n\nThanks for Signing up.\n\nWe sent you a verification email. Please verify to begin receiving our\nnewsletter and using your account.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://foodal.com/drinks-2/wine/pick-best-merlot-budget/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201206005412/https://foodal.com/drinks-2/wine/pick-best-merlot-budget/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Pick the Best Merlot for any Budget", "passages": [ "We occasionally link to goods offered by vendors to help the reader find relevant products. Some of these may be affiliate based, meaning we earn small commissions (at no additional cost to you) if items are purchased. Here is more about what we do.", "Red wine is a drink that has been enjoyed by people of various cultures for thousands of years. Made from a variety of grapes, it obtains its color or shades of red and even dark purple, during the fermenting process from the skin mixing with the juice.", "Red wines come in varietals and bodies. Varietal is just a word to describe the various wines that are obtained from specific varieties of grapes. Examples of varietal styles include: Merlot, Chardonnay, and Cabernet Sauvignon. Bodies are classified as light, medium, and full. Also, wines are characterized by the amount of tannins.", "Tannin refers to the “pucker power,” and its flavor comes from seeds, skin, and the stems. Often you will find that the tannins are stronger in younger examples.", "Merlot can be considered medium or full bodied and has smooth tannins. This beverage will also have a dry taste and unlike most wines, Merlot is best when it’s young, rather than aging for some time. A typical example will have grape scent to it, accompanied with a floral presence.", "Some various flavors of include: cedar, green olive, tobacco, black pepper, mint, ect. The fruits can range from cherries, plum, raspberries, and black berries.", "Merlot comes from Berdou, a region located in France. It is now grown all throughout the world. In American, it is grown in Washington, Texas, and California. Australia, France, and South America are all areas where this style is grown and is quite popular in most locations across the globe.", "When it comes to making Merlot, the grapes ripen much quicker than you would find for other wines. They are hand or machine picked and then fermented in wooden casks or in tanks.", "The fermentation can last anywhere from 7 to 18 days. After this, the liquid is stored in oak barrels or chips. This is where the drink will age. Depending on who is making the drink, typical aging is from 6 months to 18 months.", "When serving Merlot, there are several things to keep in mind. First, one of the best parings with this red wine is with lamb or, some other type of red meat. You will want to serve it at a temperature just below room temperature, usually around 56°-58°F.", "Next, you will want to decant the bottle, which simply means pouring the liquid into a decanter or a large glass (see image). Wait about 15 minutes before pouring the beverage into a glass, one that is deep and wide, with a rim that is slightly smaller.", "Make sure the glass is only about 1/3 full, swirl the drink, holding it by the stem so that the heat from your hand does not warm the liquid. Be sure to first take a small sip and hold in your mouth for a few seconds.", "If for some reason you spill your drink, there are several ways to remove the stain but, washing it first with white wine will neutralize the red, and take most of that stain out. Follow up with soaking it with some club soda.", "Red wines, like Merlot, are said to be good for your overall heath, as they provide high amounts of antioxidants. If drunk in moderation, about a glass per day is said to help with protecting against certain cancers, heart disease, and positively affecting a person’s blood pressure and cholesterol levels.", "Another great thing about this style is that you can enjoy it on any budget. If you are looking for a high end, expensive Merlot, for about $200, you might want to try the 2010 Old Oak Merlot; it has a very complex flavor with hint of blackberry, vanilla, and cherry.", "It’s sweet but not too sweet making it a perfect drink to serve with food. The reviewers on Amazon have nothing but praise for it. Moreover, this wine is eligible for 1 cent shipping from the big A.", "It has a nice medium body with earthy black cherries and plum tones. It’s soft tannins make for a drink with absolutely no bitterness and it’s slightly sweeter taste makes it the perfect desert beverage. You can watch a video about this vintage at the link below.", "For the less expensive examples, you might want to avoid ones that do not provide a cork but, a twist off cap. These tend to give the drinker a hangover more often. Enjoy your Merlot in moderation.", "Lynne is a stay-at-home mother of two boys. As a former US military officer and the spouse of an active duty US military member, Lynne enjoys traveling the world (although not the moving part!) and finding new cuisine and methods of preparing food. She also has the habit of using parenthesis way too much!", "This was a great Merlot overview. When I first started drinking wine all of the information was very overwhelming. I still not sure my palate is as sophisticated as it should be but I think that comes with time.", "Jhoover85 I agree with you about the overwhelming amount of information there is out there to accompany drinking wine.When I walk into the store I just kind of stand there in front of the wine and stare. But hey, now I know to avoid the twist off caps! Each time I read one of your post I constantly finding myself taking away some bit of useful information. 🙂", "Great information! I love this advice. I totally agree with everything. Being a wine drinker I think this information will help me lots. I love a nice glass of merlot in the evening, especially with red meat. I don’t like cheap bottles either. I think its important that your variety goes well with what you are eating.", "I love a glass of merlot every now and again. I’ve only ever distinguished between the wines by price. I’ll have to keep all of this in mind next time I buy some. Thank you for the information!", "Thanks for this indispensible guide, whilst I do enjoy a glass of Merlot, I know very little about wine in general.", "My husband I started experimenting with vino not too long ago. We enjoy trying new things and learning more about it. This type is very nice, but yeah, I wouldn’t buy any bottle of any type with a screw on cap.", "A new retailer in the area has tastings on occasion (nothing formal), where you can sample a few different types or different brands of a certain type. It’s quite nice to be able to try a good variety without having to purchase all those extra bottles to do so.", "I’ve also asked the advice of shopkeepers, but mainly we go online and do a bit of research first. I’ll add this article to my folder. Thanks.", "Merlot’s are my favorite actually..just a hint of sweet mixed with the tart taste. I don’t go for the more fruity tasting wine..I feel like it may be loaded with sugar and not exactly good for me. There are many red whines that I adore..and no...twist off caps are not included...that is just downright cheap.", "Thanks Lynne for the great article. I am a red wine drinker and experiment with different wines a lot. I do like to pair my wine with the type of food I am preparing. A merlot is one of my favourites because it has a full flavour to it. It also suits a variety of dishes.", "We occasionally link to goods offered by vendors to help the reader find relevant products. Some of these links may be affiliate in nature, meaning we earn small commissions if items are purchased. Here is more about what we do.", "COPYRIGHT © 2020 ASK THE EXPERTS LLC. FOODAL® IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF ASK THE EXPERTS LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED" ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Pick The Best Merlot For Any Budget | Foodal\n\nSkip to content\n\n# How to Pick the Best Merlot for any Budget\n\nCategories Wine May 28, 2018August 20, 2014 by Lynne Jaques\n\nWe occasionally link to goods offered by vendors to help the reader find\nrelevant products. Some of these may be affiliate based, meaning we earn small\ncommissions (at no additional cost to you) if items are purchased. Here is\nmore about what we do.\n\nRed wine is a drink that has been enjoyed by people of various cultures for\nthousands of years. Made from a variety of grapes, it obtains its color or\nshades of red and even dark purple, during the fermenting process from the\nskin mixing with the juice.\n\nRed wines come in varietals and bodies. Varietal is just a word to describe\nthe various wines that are obtained from specific varieties of grapes.\nExamples of varietal styles include: Merlot, Chardonnay, and Cabernet\nSauvignon. Bodies are classified as light, medium, and full. Also, wines are\ncharacterized by the amount of tannins.\n\nTannin refers to the “pucker power,” and its flavor comes from seeds, skin,\nand the stems. Often you will find that the tannins are stronger in younger\nexamples.\n\nMerlot can be considered medium or full bodied and has smooth tannins. This\nbeverage will also have a dry taste and unlike most wines, Merlot is best when\nit’s young, rather than aging for some time. A typical example will have grape\nscent to it, accompanied with a floral presence.\n\nSome various flavors of include: cedar, green olive, tobacco, black pepper,\nmint, ect. The fruits can range from cherries, plum, raspberries, and black\nberries.\n\nMerlot comes from Berdou, a region located in France. It is now grown all\nthroughout the world. In American, it is grown in Washington, Texas, and\nCalifornia. Australia, France, and South America are all areas where this\nstyle is grown and is quite popular in most locations across the globe.\n\nWhen it comes to making Merlot, the grapes ripen much quicker than you would\nfind for other wines. They are hand or machine picked and then fermented in\nwooden casks or in tanks.\n\nThe fermentation can last anywhere from 7 to 18 days. After this, the liquid\nis stored in oak barrels or chips. This is where the drink will age. Depending\non who is making the drink, typical aging is from 6 months to 18 months.\n\nFinally, the beverage is bottled.\n\nWhen serving Merlot, there are several things to keep in mind. First, one of\nthe best parings with this red wine is with lamb or, some other type of red\nmeat. You will want to serve it at a temperature just below room temperature,\nusually around 56°-58°F.\n\nNext, you will want to decant the bottle, which simply means pouring the\nliquid into a decanter or a large glass (see image). Wait about 15 minutes\nbefore pouring the beverage into a glass, one that is deep and wide, with a\nrim that is slightly smaller.\n\nMake sure the glass is only about 1/3 full, swirl the drink, holding it by the\nstem so that the heat from your hand does not warm the liquid. Be sure to\nfirst take a small sip and hold in your mouth for a few seconds.\n\nIf for some reason you spill your drink, there are several ways to remove the\nstain but, washing it first with white wine will neutralize the red, and take\nmost of that stain out. Follow up with soaking it with some club soda.\n\nRed wines, like Merlot, are said to be good for your overall heath, as they\nprovide high amounts of antioxidants. If drunk in moderation, about a glass\nper day is said to help with protecting against certain cancers, heart\ndisease, and positively affecting a person’s blood pressure and cholesterol\nlevels.\n\n2010 Old Oak Merlot 750 mL\n\nAnother great thing about this style is that you can enjoy it on any budget.\nIf you are looking for a high end, expensive Merlot, for about $200, you might\nwant to try the 2010 Old Oak Merlot; it has a very complex flavor with hint of\nblackberry, vanilla, and cherry.\n\nIt’s sweet but not too sweet making it a perfect drink to serve with food. The\nreviewers on Amazon have nothing but praise for it. Moreover, this wine is\neligible for 1 cent shipping from the big A.\n\n2010 Naked Winery Merlot 750 mL\n\nFor a great example priced around $25, the 2010 Naked Winery Merlot is\nrecommended.\n\nIt has a nice medium body with earthy black cherries and plum tones. It’s soft\ntannins make for a drink with absolutely no bitterness and it’s slightly\nsweeter taste makes it the perfect desert beverage. You can watch a video\nabout this vintage at the link below.\n\nFor the less expensive examples, you might want to avoid ones that do not\nprovide a cork but, a twist off cap. These tend to give the drinker a hangover\nmore often. Enjoy your Merlot in moderation.\n\n### About Lynne Jaques\n\nLynne is a stay-at-home mother of two boys. As a former US military officer\nand the spouse of an active duty US military member, Lynne enjoys traveling\nthe world (although not the moving part!) and finding new cuisine and methods\nof preparing food. She also has the habit of using parenthesis way too much!\n\n * More Posts (132)\n\n## More of Our Expert Guides\n\nEnhance Your Favorite Wine with the Right Glassware\n\nEasy Weeknight Chicken Marsala\n\nLight and Bright Instant Pot White Wine Braised Chicken Is Going to Be Your\nNew Favorite Dinner\n\n### 8 thoughts on “How to Pick the Best Merlot for any Budget”\n\n 1. jhoover85\n\nSeptember 15, 2014 at 5:52 PM\n\nI would say the twist cap tip is true. I may have experienced that hanover in\nmy younger years!\n\nThis was a great Merlot overview. When I first started drinking wine all of\nthe information was very overwhelming. I still not sure my palate is as\nsophisticated as it should be but I think that comes with time.\n\nReply\n\n 2. angelleann17\n\nNovember 4, 2014 at 10:24 PM\n\nJhoover85 I agree with you about the overwhelming amount of information there\nis out there to accompany drinking wine.When I walk into the store I just kind\nof stand there in front of the wine and stare. But hey, now I know to avoid\nthe twist off caps! Each time I read one of your post I constantly finding\nmyself taking away some bit of useful information. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 3. DonnaIReilly\n\nJanuary 28, 2015 at 3:18 PM\n\nGreat information! I love this advice. I totally agree with everything. Being\na wine drinker I think this information will help me lots. I love a nice glass\nof merlot in the evening, especially with red meat. I don’t like cheap bottles\neither. I think its important that your variety goes well with what you are\neating.\n\nReply\n\n 4. kana_marie\n\nApril 4, 2015 at 6:08 PM\n\nI love a glass of merlot every now and again. I’ve only ever distinguished\nbetween the wines by price. I’ll have to keep all of this in mind next time I\nbuy some. Thank you for the information!\n\nReply\n\n 5. missbishi\n\nMay 10, 2015 at 7:10 PM\n\nThanks for this indispensible guide, whilst I do enjoy a glass of Merlot, I\nknow very little about wine in general.\n\nReply\n\n 6. Zyni\n\nDecember 13, 2015 at 6:41 PM\n\nMy husband I started experimenting with vino not too long ago. We enjoy trying\nnew things and learning more about it. This type is very nice, but yeah, I\nwouldn’t buy any bottle of any type with a screw on cap.\n\nA new retailer in the area has tastings on occasion (nothing formal), where\nyou can sample a few different types or different brands of a certain type.\nIt’s quite nice to be able to try a good variety without having to purchase\nall those extra bottles to do so.\n\nI’ve also asked the advice of shopkeepers, but mainly we go online and do a\nbit of research first. I’ll add this article to my folder. Thanks.\n\nReply\n\n 7. sheebah7\n\nFebruary 8, 2016 at 6:09 PM\n\nMerlot’s are my favorite actually..just a hint of sweet mixed with the tart\ntaste. I don’t go for the more fruity tasting wine..I feel like it may be\nloaded with sugar and not exactly good for me. There are many red whines that\nI adore..and no...twist off caps are not included...that is just downright\ncheap.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Finman0507\n\nJune 15, 2016 at 8:44 AM\n\nThanks Lynne for the great article. I am a red wine drinker and experiment\nwith different wines a lot. I do like to pair my wine with the type of food I\nam preparing. A merlot is one of my favourites because it has a full flavour\nto it. It also suits a variety of dishes.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n * Rancilio Rocky Doserless: Constructed Like a Tank\n * Fill Your Bowl with Flavorful Curried Pumpkin Soup\n\n * Easy Vegan Cinnamon Rolls: Sweet and Fluffy Delights!\n * These Simple Cinnamon Coconut Flour Cookies will Melt in Your Mouth\n\n * Easy Vegan Cauliflower Buffalo Wings with Lime\n * Get Rid of Cockroaches in Your Kitchen – For Good!\n\n * Create a White Sauce, Velouté, or Béchamel in Three Easy Steps\n * Old Fashioned Chicken Pot Pie\n\n## Don’t forget to visit our sister sites!\n\nGardener’s Path\n\n## Push Notifications!\n\nDon’t like them? Here’s the skinny on disabling them.\n\nWe occasionally link to goods offered by vendors to help the reader find\nrelevant products. Some of these links may be affiliate in nature, meaning we\nearn small commissions if items are purchased. Here is more about what we do.\n\n## Resources\n\n * About Us\n * Our Editorial Team\n * Contact Us\n * Jobs\n * Privacy\n * Terms of Use\n * Affiliate Disclosure\n\nCOPYRIGHT © 2020 ASK THE EXPERTS LLC. FOODAL® IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF ASK\nTHE EXPERTS LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://winefolly.com/tutorial/merlot-wine-taste-and-food-pairing/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200101202656/https://winefolly.com/tutorial/merlot-wine-taste-and-food-pairing/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Guide to Merlot Wine Taste, Regions and Food Pairing", "passages": [ "Merlot wine is regarded as the underdog to Cabernet Sauvignon. How come? Because cheap commercial Merlot has given the varietal a bad reputation.", "It’s time to set the record straight: Merlot wine is first class. Not only does it command the highest respect in the wine world, Merlot also tastes great with food.", "Red fruits, easy tannins and a soft finish are the characteristics of Merlot wine. But there’s more to Merlot than being smooth. It’s actually a bit of a chameleon, partly because of how Merlot is vinified and mostly because of where it’s grown. Take a look at the range of Merlot wine taste based on region (cool climate vs. warm climate).", "Cool climate Merlot is more structured with a higher presence of tannins and earthy flavors like tobacco and tar. Some cool climate Merlot are mistaken as Cabernet Sauvignon.", "A classic example of cool climate Merlot wine is Right Bank Bordeaux, such as St. Emilion, Pomerol and the earthy Fronsac.", "Warm climate Merlot wine is more fruit-forward and tannin is less prevalent. Some producers use judicious oak-treatment of up to 24 months to give their Merlot wine more structure.", "The Stemmy Taste In Some Merlot happens during grape ripening and is because of vigorous leafy vine canopies. Pruning helps but causes thin-skinned Merlot grapes to shatter in the sun!", "Merlot wine matches with a wide variety of foods because of its position in the middle of the red wine spectrum. In general Merlot pairs well with chicken and other light meats as well as lightly-spiced dark meats. With medium tannin and not too much acidity you’ll find Merlot pairs well with many foods.", "Some of the best proteins to match with Merlot are in the middle-weight category. Think roast duck, turkey, and lean cuts of beef.", "Pro Merlot Pairing Tip Higher alcohol and more oak-aging generally means the Merlot is richer and full-bodied, thus it pairs with richer foods.", "Forget acclaimed Cabernet Sauvignon grapes of Bordeaux and high-priced Pinot Noir of Burgundy, Merlot wine is currently the most planted grape variety in France.\nWho’s Your Daddy?", "Merlot is the offspring of Cabernet Franc (the father) and Magdeleine Noire des Charentes (the mother).\nHarder to Grow Than Cabernet!", "Merlot is a thin-skinned grape that is very sensitive to its environment. Merlot grapes do have one benefit over Cabernet: they ripen up to 2 weeks earlier. On a rainy harvest, one week can make a big difference!\nMajor Player in Italy", "Merlot is Italy’s 5th most planted grape. Merlot is popular in the IGT wines of Toscana commonly referred to as “Super Tuscans”\nThe Blind Tasting Tell on Merlot", "Because Merlot wine is so sensitive to light, Merlot based wines tinge orange on the rim. The orange rim is the telltale sign of Merlot vs. Cabernet Sauvignon.\n$1,870 For a Bottle of Merlot?!", "A few producers are using American Oak to make their Merlot wines rustic and rich like a Cabernet Sauvignon. Find out more about the different types of oak-aging if you’re curious.\nImprove Your Palate", "James Beard Award-winning author and Wine Communicator of the Year. I co- founded Wine Folly to help people learn about wine. @WineFolly" ] }, "parsed_md": "Guide to Merlot Wine Taste, Regions and Food Pairing\n\nSkip to content\n\nWine Tips & Tricks January 28, 2013 - Updated on September 11th, 2019\n\n# Guide to Merlot Wine Taste and Food Pairing\n\nIt’s time to set the record straight: Merlot wine is first class.\n\nMerlot wine is regarded as the underdog to Cabernet Sauvignon. How come?\nBecause cheap commercial Merlot has given the varietal a bad reputation.\n\nIt’s time to set the record straight: Merlot wine is first class. Not only\ndoes it command the highest respect in the wine world, Merlot also tastes\ngreat with food.\n\n## Merlot Wine Guide\n\n### Merlot Wine Profile\n\nMAJOR REGIONS: ~600,000 acres worldwide.\n\n * France (~280,000+ acres) Bordeaux, Languedoc-Roussillon\n * Italy (~93,000+ acres) Toscana, Campania\n * United States (~55,000+ acres) California, Washington\n * Australia (~39,000 acres) South Australia\n * Chile (~25,000 acres) | Argentina (~13,000 acres)\n\n##### PRIMARY MERLOT CHARACTERISTICS\n\nFRUIT: Black Cherry, Raspberry, Plum OTHER: Graphite, Cedar, Tobacco, Vanilla,\nClove, Mocha OAK: Yes. Usually medium oak aging (8-12 months) TANNIN: Medium\nACIDITY: Medium ABV: 12-15%\n\n### French Wine Regions\n\nUncover the appellations and wines France.\n\nBuy Map\n\n##### REGIONAL WINES:\n\nSt. Émilion, Pomerol, Fronsac, Côtes de Bourg, Blaye\n\n### Merlot Wine Taste\n\nRed fruits, easy tannins and a soft finish are the characteristics of Merlot\nwine. But there’s more to Merlot than being smooth. It’s actually a bit of a\nchameleon, partly because of how Merlot is vinified and mostly because of\nwhere it’s grown. Take a look at the range of Merlot wine taste based on\nregion (cool climate vs. warm climate).\n\n#### Cool Climate Merlot Taste\n\nCool climate Merlot is more structured with a higher presence of tannins and\nearthy flavors like tobacco and tar. Some cool climate Merlot are mistaken as\nCabernet Sauvignon.\n\n##### France, Italy, Chile\n\nA classic example of cool climate Merlot wine is Right Bank Bordeaux, such as\nSt. Emilion, Pomerol and the earthy Fronsac.\n\n#### Hot Climate Merlot Taste\n\nWarm climate Merlot wine is more fruit-forward and tannin is less prevalent.\nSome producers use judicious oak-treatment of up to 24 months to give their\nMerlot wine more structure.\n\n##### California, Australia, Argentina\n\nA classic example of hot climate Merlot is California Merlot, such as Paso\nRobles and Napa Valley.\n\nThe Stemmy Taste In Some Merlot happens during grape ripening and is because\nof vigorous leafy vine canopies. Pruning helps but causes thin-skinned Merlot\ngrapes to shatter in the sun!\n\nTry an herbed Chicken en papillote with a lighter alcohol fruit-forward\nMerlot. by ipalatin\n\n### Merlot Food Pairing\n\nMerlot wine matches with a wide variety of foods because of its position in\nthe middle of the red wine spectrum. In general Merlot pairs well with chicken\nand other light meats as well as lightly-spiced dark meats. With medium tannin\nand not too much acidity you’ll find Merlot pairs well with many foods.\n\nJuicy, cooler-climate Merlot wines pair well with roasted vegetables. You can\neven pair harder-to-match veggies such as tomatoes.\n\nSome of the best proteins to match with Merlot are in the middle-weight\ncategory. Think roast duck, turkey, and lean cuts of beef.\n\nWhen it comes to Merlot, it’s all about the sauce. Try it with Beef\nBourguignon.\n\nPro Merlot Pairing Tip Higher alcohol and more oak-aging generally means the\nMerlot is richer and full-bodied, thus it pairs with richer foods.\n\nMerlot vineyard in Alexander Valley during bud break. Jordan Vineyards blog\n\n### 7 Fun Facts About Merlot Wine\n\nThe Most Planted Variety in France\n\n Forget acclaimed Cabernet Sauvignon grapes of Bordeaux and high-priced Pinot Noir of Burgundy, Merlot wine is currently the most planted grape variety in France.\nWho’s Your Daddy?\n\n Merlot is the offspring of Cabernet Franc (the father) and Magdeleine Noire des Charentes (the mother).\nHarder to Grow Than Cabernet!\n\n Merlot is a thin-skinned grape that is very sensitive to its environment. Merlot grapes do have one benefit over Cabernet: they ripen up to 2 weeks earlier. On a rainy harvest, one week can make a big difference!\n\nMajor Player in Italy\n\n Merlot is Italy’s 5th most planted grape. Merlot is popular in the IGT wines of Toscana commonly referred to as “Super Tuscans”\nThe Blind Tasting Tell on Merlot\n\n Because Merlot wine is so sensitive to light, Merlot based wines tinge orange on the rim. The orange rim is the telltale sign of Merlot vs. Cabernet Sauvignon.\n\n$1,870 For a Bottle of Merlot?!\n\n Yep. Believe it or not, the most famous Right-Bank Bordeaux called Chateau Petrus is mostly Merlot.\nAmerican Oak Does Wonders\n\n A few producers are using American Oak to make their Merlot wines rustic and rich like a Cabernet Sauvignon. Find out more about the different types of oak-aging if you’re curious.\n\n### Improve Your Palate\n\nPractice tasting with these tasting mats–specifically designed to improve your\npalate!\n\nBuy Now\n\n###### Sources:\n\n * California Grape Variety acreage (2010) Grape Acreage on nass.usda.gov\n * Determining Australia's Merlot Acreage from New Bordeaux and abs.gov.au\n * Italy Merlot Acreage from Wine Business Monthly\n * Merlot Profile on Wine Pros\n * Merlot hectares in Argentina via argentinawinetourism.com\n * Words from Duckhorn Wine on Merlot wine parentage\n\n### About Madeline Puckette\n\nJames Beard Award-winning author and Wine Communicator of the Year. I co-\nfounded Wine Folly to help people learn about wine. @WineFolly\n\nFacebook Twitter\n\nWine Tips & Tricks #Articles #Beginner #Medium-Bodied Red Wine #Merlot #Wine\nTypes\n\n## A Year in the Life of a Professional Wine Drinker (Pictures)\n\n## Wines Least Likely to Give You a Hangover\n\n###### Social\n\n * Instagram\n * Youtube\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n\n###### Company\n\n * Store\n * About Us\n * The Team\n * Contact\n\n###### House Rules\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Code of Ethics\n * Content Licensing\n\n© 2020 Wine Folly, llc. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.winemag.com/2015/01/20/wine-for-beginners/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509163528/https://www.winemag.com/2015/01/20/wine-for-beginners/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Wine Information for Beginners", "passages": [ "Want to kick start your ongoing exploration of wine? We’ve got you covered. These simple and smart guidelines will help you discover your palate and launch your long and tasty journey to understanding wine.", "Learning to taste wine is no different than learning to really appreciate music or art in that the pleasure you receive is proportionate to the effort you make. The more you fine-tune your sensory abilities, the better you’re able to understand and enjoy the nuances and details that great wines express. The time and effort invested in palate training is rewarding—and very, very fun.", "The ability to sniff out and untangle the subtle threads that weave into complex wine aromas is essential for tasting. Try holding your nose while you swallow a mouthful of wine; you will find that most of the flavor is muted. Your nose is the key to your palate. Once you learn how to give wine a good sniff, you’ll begin to develop the ability to isolate flavors—to notice the way they unfold and interact—and, to some degree, assign language to describe them.", "This is exactly what wine professionals—those who make, sell, buy, and write about wine—are able to do. For any wine enthusiast, it’s the pay-off for all the effort.", "First and foremost, you need to be methodical and focused. Find your own approach and consistently follow it. Not every single glass or bottle of wine must be analyzed in this way, of course. But if you really want to learn about wine, a certain amount of dedication is required. Whenever you have a glass of wine in your hand, make it a habit to take a minute to stop all conversation, shut out all distraction and focus your attention on the wine’s appearance, scents, flavors and finish.", "You can run through this mental checklist in a minute or less, and it will quickly help you to plot out the compass points of your palate. Of course, sipping a chilled rosé from a paper cup at a garden party doesn’t require the same effort as diving into a well-aged Bordeaux served from a Riedel Sommelier Series glass. But those are the extreme ends of the spectrum. Just about everything you are likely to encounter falls somewhere in between.", "You have probably heard from both friends and experts many times that any wine you like is a good wine. This is true if simply enjoying wine is your goal. You don’t have to do more than take a sip, give it a swallow and let your inner geek decide “yes” or “no.” The end.", "It’s true that figuring out what you like is an important component of wine tasting, but it’s not the only component. Quickly passing judgment about a wine is not the same as truly understanding and evaluating it. If you’re tasting properly, you will be able to identify the main flavor and scent components in every wine you try; you will know the basic characteristics for all of the most important varietal grapes, and beyond that, for the blended wines from the world’s best wine-producing regions. You will also be able to quickly point out specific flaws in bad wines.", "Rest assured, there are some truly bad wines out there, and not all of them are inexpensive. Some flaws are the result of bad winemaking, while others are caused by bad corks or poor storage. If you are ordering a bottle of wine in a restaurant, you want to be certain that the wine you receive tastes the way it was intended to taste. You can’t always rely on servers in restaurants to notice and replace a wine that is corked. You are ultimately the one who will be asked to approve the bottle. Being able to sniff out common faults, such as a damp, musty smell from a tainted cork called TCA, will certainly make it easier for you to send a wine back.", "A wine beginner might know the basic differences between a red and a white, but it’s also important to learn all the wine types and varietals. You can explore everything from Chardonnay to Viognier and Cabernet Sauvignon to Zinfandel in our guide to the most important red wine grapes and white wine grapes.", "Wine is made in virtually every country in the world. These countries are often referred to as “Old World” or “New World.” “Old World” consists of regions with long histories of wine production, such as Europe and parts of the Mediterranean. Some of the most well-known “Old World” wine regions include France, Italy and Germany, and these regions focus greatly on terroir—the unique characteristics of the soil and climate, which give their wine a sense of place. “New World” (as the name suggestions) is used to describe newer wine-producing regions, such as U.S., Australia and Chile. These regions tend to have hotter climates and generally use different labeling methods; they tend to use grapes rather than region on labels for recognition.", "While learning how to choose wine, it’s helpful to know some of the major wine regions and the grapes they are best known for:", "At first glance, a wine label can be confusing to those just getting started. Luckily, New World wine producers have made it easier on wine beginners by listing the grape(s) directly on the label. Old World regions have typically relied on the wine consumer to be familiar enough with the region to know, for example, that Red Burgundy is Pinot Noir.", "The French wine lists “Saint-Émilion,” assuming the consumer realizes that wines from Saint-Émilion are mostly Merlot. The wine from Napa, California, on the other hand, lists both the region and the grape variety. As you study more about wine, you’ll become more and more accustomed to all the wine varietals and the Old World regions that produce them.", "Old World wine producers are slowly realizing that in order to compete on the global market, they need to make it easy on the consumer. But as much as times may change, a deep understanding of how to read a wine label will always be a useful skill.", "There are a few important components of a wine label. Their placement may vary slightly but if you know what you’re looking for, they’ll be easier to spot:", "Once you’re armed with the basic tools, you can explore more complex labels, such as the late harvest Rieslings of Germany.", "We live in an age in which sourcing wine has never been easier. Looking for a wine from Crete? The wine shop in your town will likely carry it, and if not, you can easily find a wine retailer online. It’s in the hands of the consumer to shop for the best deal or for the most elusive, rare bottle, which can often be shipped to your doorstep.", "Savvy shoppers will stay on top of ever-changing wine shipping laws based on interstate policies. Some states cannot have wine shipped to them, while others have more relaxed laws.", "Before you can start investing in a full collection, you’ll need to discover your palate by embracing opportunities to taste and determine what you like. When dining out with friends or at a party, be open minded! A rich Cabernet Sauvignon might woo you initially, but you may also take a liking to exotic Rieslings depending on your mood. There is no better way to discover wine than by tasting everything. We have plenty of tools that will help: Best Buy Cheat Sheet, Making the Purchase and Bargain-Friendly Bordeaux will all help guide you on your path to wine bliss.", "Now that you have taken the time to learn how to taste wine, the regions and grapes of the world, reading a wine label and the essentials for buying wine, it’s time to drink it!", "For starters, make sure that your wine is being served at its absolute best. To do that, pay attention to these three tenets of wine service: Glassware, temperature and preservation.", "Glassware Each wine has something unique to offer your senses. Most wine glasses are specifically shaped to accentuate those defining characteristics, directing wine to key areas of the tongue and nose, where they can be fully enjoyed. While wine can be savored in any glass, a glass designed for a specific wine type helps you to better experience its nuances. Outfit your house with a nice set of stems you will reap the rewards.", "Temperature All wine is stored at the same temperature, regardless of its color. But reds and whites are consumed at quite different temperatures. Too often people drink white wines too cold and red wines too warm, limiting how much you can enjoy the wine. A white that’s too cold will be flavorless and a red that’s too warm is often flabby and alcoholic. Here is a key to ideal wine service temperatures:", "While this is a helpful guide, not everyone has a thermometer on hand. A good rule of thumb is to note that white wines should be chilled before drinking and red wines should be have time to rise in temperature. Ideally, whites should be between refrigerator temperature (40°F) and storage temperature (55°F) and reds should be somewhere between storage temperature and room temperature, which is often as high as 70°F. If your wine is in a temperature- controlled unit, at 53-57°F, pop your bottles of white wine into the refrigerator half an hour prior to service and take your reds out of storage half an hour prior to service. This allows time for your whites to chill and your reds to warm up. If you have yet to invest in a wine storage refrigerator and your wines are kept at room temperature or in the refrigerator, you’ll do the opposite. Put your reds in the refrigerator for half an hour and take your whites out of the refrigerator for half an hour. Dessert wines, sparkling wines and rosés are best enjoyed at a cooler temperature than whites. Refrigerator temperature will do the trick.", "When you have leftover wine in the bottle, preservation is key. As wine comes into contact with air, it quickly spoils. To slow down the deterioration process, use a quick vacuum pump to suck out the excess air. The less air in the bottle, the longer the wine’s lifespan.", "Thank You! We've received your email address, and soon you will start getting exclusive offers and news from Wine Enthusiast.", "Welcome to winemag.com! By using our website and/or subscribing to our newsletter, you agree to our use of cookies and the terms of ourPrivacy Policy", "Thank You! We've received your email address, and soon you will start getting exclusive offers and news from Wine Enthusiast.", "Sign up for Wine Enthusiast Newsletters Welcome to winemag.com! By using our website and/or subscribing to our newsletter, you agree to our use of cookies and the terms of ourPrivacy Policy", "By continuing to use our Services and/or submitting the above information, you agree to our use of cookies and the terms of our Privacy Policy", "By continuing to use our Services and/or submitting the above information, you agree to our use of cookies and the terms of ourPrivacy Policy", "Thank You! We've received your email address, and soon you will start getting exclusive offers and news from Wine Enthusiast.", "Sign up for Wine Enthusiast Newsletters Welcome to winemag.com! By using our website and/or subscribing to our newsletter, you agree to our use of cookies and the terms of ourPrivacy Policy" ] }, "parsed_md": "Wine Information for Beginners - Beginners Wine Guide\n\nIndustry News\n\n×\n\n * Wine\n\n * Vintage Chart\n * Wine Shipping Laws\n * Cabernet Sauvignon\n * Champagne\n * Chardonnay\n * Merlot\n * Malbec\n * Pinot Noir\n * Prosecco\n * Pinot Grigio\n * Riesling\n * Sauvignon Blanc\n * Shiraz/Syrah\n * Zinfandel\n * Ratings\n\n * Wine Ratings\n * Spirit Ratings\n * Beer and Cider Ratings\n * The Basics\n\n * Red Wine\n * White Wine\n * Wine & Food Pairings\n * Wine Terms\n * Wine and Cheese Pairing\n * Best of Lists\n\n * The Enthusiast Top 100 Wines of 2020\n * 100 Wines Under $15 of 2020\n * 100 Best Wines to Cellar of 2020\n * Top 25 Beers We Tasted In 2020\n * The Top 100 Spirits of 2020\n * 7 Best Wine Travel Experiences of 2020\n * America’s 50 Best Wine Retailers of 2020\n * Top 40 Under 40 Tastemakers of 2020\n * Drinks\n\n * Cocktail Recipes\n * Vodka\n * Tequila\n * Whiskey\n * Beer and Cider Ratings\n * Spirit Ratings\n * Travel\n\n * 7 Best Wine Travel Experiences of 2020\n * Your Napa Valley Winery Guide\n * Food\n\n * Food Recipes\n * Pairings\n * America’s 100 Best Wine Restaurants of 2019\n * Trade News\n\n * Wine Enthusiast’s 2020 Wine Star Award Winners\n * Wine Star Awards Videos\n * Importer Connection\n * Advertise\n * Subscribe\n\n * Digital\n * Print\n * Advertise\n\n * Podcast\n\n * Shop\n\n * Buy Wine Accessories\n * Buy Wine\n * Gift Registry\n\nWine Basics\n\n# Wine for Beginners\n\nBy Paul Gregutt\n\nGetty\n\nWant to kick start your ongoing exploration of wine? We’ve got you covered.\nThese simple and smart guidelines will help you discover your palate and\nlaunch your long and tasty journey to understanding wine.\n\n## Getting Started with Wine Tasting\n\nLearning to taste wine is no different than learning to really appreciate\nmusic or art in that the pleasure you receive is proportionate to the effort\nyou make. The more you fine-tune your sensory abilities, the better you’re\nable to understand and enjoy the nuances and details that great wines express.\nThe time and effort invested in palate training is rewarding—and very, very\nfun.\n\nPhoto by Fran Hogan / Unsplash\n\n## How to Taste Wine\n\nThe ability to sniff out and untangle the subtle threads that weave into\ncomplex wine aromas is essential for tasting. Try holding your nose while you\nswallow a mouthful of wine; you will find that most of the flavor is muted.\nYour nose is the key to your palate. Once you learn how to give wine a good\nsniff, you’ll begin to develop the ability to isolate flavors—to notice the\nway they unfold and interact—and, to some degree, assign language to describe\nthem.\n\nThis is exactly what wine professionals—those who make, sell, buy, and write\nabout wine—are able to do. For any wine enthusiast, it’s the pay-off for all\nthe effort.\n\nWhile there is no one right or wrong way to learn how to taste, some “rules”\ndo apply.\n\nFirst and foremost, you need to be methodical and focused. Find your own\napproach and consistently follow it. Not every single glass or bottle of wine\nmust be analyzed in this way, of course. But if you really want to learn about\nwine, a certain amount of dedication is required. Whenever you have a glass of\nwine in your hand, make it a habit to take a minute to stop all conversation,\nshut out all distraction and focus your attention on the wine’s appearance,\nscents, flavors and finish.\n\nYou can run through this mental checklist in a minute or less, and it will\nquickly help you to plot out the compass points of your palate. Of course,\nsipping a chilled rosé from a paper cup at a garden party doesn’t require the\nsame effort as diving into a well-aged Bordeaux served from a Riedel Sommelier\nSeries glass. But those are the extreme ends of the spectrum. Just about\neverything you are likely to encounter falls somewhere in between.\n\n## “Good Wine” for Beginners\n\nYou have probably heard from both friends and experts many times that any wine\nyou like is a good wine. This is true if simply enjoying wine is your goal.\nYou don’t have to do more than take a sip, give it a swallow and let your\ninner geek decide “yes” or “no.” The end.\n\nIt’s true that figuring out what you like is an important component of wine\ntasting, but it’s not the only component. Quickly passing judgment about a\nwine is not the same as truly understanding and evaluating it. If you’re\ntasting properly, you will be able to identify the main flavor and scent\ncomponents in every wine you try; you will know the basic characteristics for\nall of the most important varietal grapes, and beyond that, for the blended\nwines from the world’s best wine-producing regions. You will also be able to\nquickly point out specific flaws in bad wines.\n\n## Finding Wine Flaws\n\nRest assured, there are some truly bad wines out there, and not all of them\nare inexpensive. Some flaws are the result of bad winemaking, while others are\ncaused by bad corks or poor storage. If you are ordering a bottle of wine in a\nrestaurant, you want to be certain that the wine you receive tastes the way it\nwas intended to taste. You can’t always rely on servers in restaurants to\nnotice and replace a wine that is corked. You are ultimately the one who will\nbe asked to approve the bottle. Being able to sniff out common faults, such as\na damp, musty smell from a tainted cork called TCA, will certainly make it\neasier for you to send a wine back.\n\n7 Wine Faults to Look For\n\nPhoto by Nacho Dominguez Argenta / Unsplash\n\n## Discovering Different Wine Types\n\nA wine beginner might know the basic differences between a red and a white,\nbut it’s also important to learn all the wine types and varietals. You can\nexplore everything from Chardonnay to Viognier and Cabernet Sauvignon to\nZinfandel in our guide to the most important red wine grapes and white wine\ngrapes.\n\n## Exploring Wine Regions\n\nWine is made in virtually every country in the world. These countries are\noften referred to as “Old World” or “New World.” “Old World” consists of\nregions with long histories of wine production, such as Europe and parts of\nthe Mediterranean. Some of the most well-known “Old World” wine regions\ninclude France, Italy and Germany, and these regions focus greatly on\nterroir—the unique characteristics of the soil and climate, which give their\nwine a sense of place. “New World” (as the name suggestions) is used to\ndescribe newer wine-producing regions, such as U.S., Australia and Chile.\nThese regions tend to have hotter climates and generally use different\nlabeling methods; they tend to use grapes rather than region on labels for\nrecognition.\n\nWhile learning how to choose wine, it’s helpful to know some of the major wine\nregions and the grapes they are best known for:\n\n## Most Popular Regions and Grapes\n\nFor more information on these popular regions and varietals, explore Wine\nEnthusiast’s Buying Guide.\n\nCountry| Grapes \n---|--- \nFrance| Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Pinot Noir, Grenache,\nSyrah, Viognier, Chardonnay \nItaly| Sangiovese, Nebbiolo, Barbera, Moscato, Pinot Grigio \nUnited States| Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Merlot, Zinfandel \nArgentina| Malbec, Bonarda \nChile| Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc \nAustralia| Shiraz, Chardonnay \nGermany| Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Sylvaner \nSpain| Tempranillo, Albarino, Garnacha, Palomino \nNew Zealand| Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir \nSouth Africa| Pinotage, Chenin Blanc \n \n## Reading a Wine Label\n\nAt first glance, a wine label can be confusing to those just getting started.\nLuckily, New World wine producers have made it easier on wine beginners by\nlisting the grape(s) directly on the label. Old World regions have typically\nrelied on the wine consumer to be familiar enough with the region to know, for\nexample, that Red Burgundy is Pinot Noir.\n\nOld World Wines might read like this: Château Moulin de Grenet 2009 Lussac\nSaint-Émilion\n\nNew World wines might read like this: Cakebread 2006 Merlot, Napa Valley\n\nThe French wine lists “Saint-Émilion,” assuming the consumer realizes that\nwines from Saint-Émilion are mostly Merlot. The wine from Napa, California, on\nthe other hand, lists both the region and the grape variety. As you study more\nabout wine, you’ll become more and more accustomed to all the wine varietals\nand the Old World regions that produce them.\n\nOld World wine producers are slowly realizing that in order to compete on the\nglobal market, they need to make it easy on the consumer. But as much as times\nmay change, a deep understanding of how to read a wine label will always be a\nuseful skill.\n\nThere are a few important components of a wine label. Their placement may vary\nslightly but if you know what you’re looking for, they’ll be easier to spot:\n\n[contextly_sidebar id=”XEIaBtgZqFGuvmS0mbrwsBrDT6kJIY8C”]Varietal Region\nProducer Alcohol Percentage Vintage\n\nOptional extras: Vineyard Estate Reserve Tasting Notes History Quality Level:\nAOC, DOC, etc.\n\nOnce you’re armed with the basic tools, you can explore more complex labels,\nsuch as the late harvest Rieslings of Germany.\n\n## Buying Wine\n\nWe live in an age in which sourcing wine has never been easier. Looking for a\nwine from Crete? The wine shop in your town will likely carry it, and if not,\nyou can easily find a wine retailer online. It’s in the hands of the consumer\nto shop for the best deal or for the most elusive, rare bottle, which can\noften be shipped to your doorstep.\n\nSavvy shoppers will stay on top of ever-changing wine shipping laws based on\ninterstate policies. Some states cannot have wine shipped to them, while\nothers have more relaxed laws.\n\nBefore you can start investing in a full collection, you’ll need to discover\nyour palate by embracing opportunities to taste and determine what you like.\nWhen dining out with friends or at a party, be open minded! A rich Cabernet\nSauvignon might woo you initially, but you may also take a liking to exotic\nRieslings depending on your mood. There is no better way to discover wine than\nby tasting everything. We have plenty of tools that will help: Best Buy Cheat\nSheet, Making the Purchase and Bargain-Friendly Bordeaux will all help guide\nyou on your path to wine bliss.\n\n## Wine Serving Tips\n\nNow that you have taken the time to learn how to taste wine, the regions and\ngrapes of the world, reading a wine label and the essentials for buying wine,\nit’s time to drink it!\n\nFor starters, make sure that your wine is being served at its absolute best.\nTo do that, pay attention to these three tenets of wine service: Glassware,\ntemperature and preservation.\n\nGlassware Each wine has something unique to offer your senses. Most wine\nglasses are specifically shaped to accentuate those defining characteristics,\ndirecting wine to key areas of the tongue and nose, where they can be fully\nenjoyed. While wine can be savored in any glass, a glass designed for a\nspecific wine type helps you to better experience its nuances. Outfit your\nhouse with a nice set of stems you will reap the rewards.\n\nTemperature All wine is stored at the same temperature, regardless of its\ncolor. But reds and whites are consumed at quite different temperatures. Too\noften people drink white wines too cold and red wines too warm, limiting how\nmuch you can enjoy the wine. A white that’s too cold will be flavorless and a\nred that’s too warm is often flabby and alcoholic. Here is a key to ideal wine\nservice temperatures:\n\nWine Service Temperatures \n--- \nChampagne, Sparkling, and Dessert Wine:| 40° F \nSauvignon Blanc, Pinot Grigio:| 45-48°F \nChardonnay, Chablis:| 48-52°F \nPinot Noir:| 60-64° \nCabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Shiraz:| 64-66° F \n \nWhile this is a helpful guide, not everyone has a thermometer on hand. A good\nrule of thumb is to note that white wines should be chilled before drinking\nand red wines should be have time to rise in temperature. Ideally, whites\nshould be between refrigerator temperature (40°F) and storage temperature\n(55°F) and reds should be somewhere between storage temperature and room\ntemperature, which is often as high as 70°F. If your wine is in a temperature-\ncontrolled unit, at 53-57°F, pop your bottles of white wine into the\nrefrigerator half an hour prior to service and take your reds out of storage\nhalf an hour prior to service. This allows time for your whites to chill and\nyour reds to warm up. If you have yet to invest in a wine storage refrigerator\nand your wines are kept at room temperature or in the refrigerator, you’ll do\nthe opposite. Put your reds in the refrigerator for half an hour and take your\nwhites out of the refrigerator for half an hour. Dessert wines, sparkling\nwines and rosés are best enjoyed at a cooler temperature than whites.\nRefrigerator temperature will do the trick.\n\nPreservation\n\nWhen you have leftover wine in the bottle, preservation is key. As wine comes\ninto contact with air, it quickly spoils. To slow down the deterioration\nprocess, use a quick vacuum pump to suck out the excess air. The less air in\nthe bottle, the longer the wine’s lifespan.\n\nPublished on January 20, 2015\n\nTopics: Wine 101Wine Basics\n\n * Comments\n\nThank You! We've received your email address, and soon you will start getting\nexclusive offers and news from Wine Enthusiast.\n\nSign up for Wine Enthusiast Newsletters\n\n * Wine Reviews\n * Trends\n * Recipes\n * Wine Storage\n * Accessories\n\nWelcome to winemag.com! By using our website and/or subscribing to our\nnewsletter, you agree to our use of cookies and the terms of ourPrivacy Policy\n\nWhat We're Tasting\n\nMyka 2019 Chardonnay (Central Coast)\n\nChardonnay\n\n$28\n\nRating: 90\n\nThank You! We've received your email address, and soon you will start getting\nexclusive offers and news from Wine Enthusiast.\n\nSign up for Wine Enthusiast Newsletters Welcome to winemag.com! By using our\nwebsite and/or subscribing to our newsletter, you agree to our use of cookies\nand the terms of ourPrivacy Policy\n\nSubscribe to Wine Enthusiast Magazine for as little as $2.50 an issue!\n\nSubscribe to Wine Enthusiast Magazine for as little as $2.50 an issue!\n\nBy continuing to use our Services and/or submitting the above information, you\nagree to our use of cookies and the terms of our Privacy Policy\n\n * Subscribe to Wine Enthusiast Magazinefor as little as $2.50 an issue!\n\nBy continuing to use our Services and/or submitting the above information, you\nagree to our use of cookies and the terms of ourPrivacy Policy\n\n * Categories\n\n * Wine Ratings and Reviews\n * The Basics\n * Drinks\n * Food\n * Travel\n * Grape Varieties\n * Wine Shipping Laws\n * About Us\n\n * Company History\n * Meet the Team\n * Contact Us\n * Career Opportunities\n * Charity Partners\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * California Privacy Rights Do Not Sell My Information\n * Subscribe\n\n * Print\n * Digital\n * RSS\n * Buying Guide RSS\n * Trade\n\n * Advertise\n * Importer Connection\n * Beverage Industry Enthusiast\n * Wine Star Awards\n * Submit for Rating\n * How We Review\n * Shop\n\n * BUY WINE ACCESSORIES\n * BUY WINE\n * GIFT REGISTRY\n * Sitemap\n * FOLLOW US\n\nWe may earn a commission for purchases made through our links.\n\nCopyright ©2021 Wine Enthusiast Magazine. All rights reserved.\n\nThank You! We've received your email address, and soon you will start getting\nexclusive offers and news from Wine Enthusiast.\n\nSign up for Wine Enthusiast Newsletters Welcome to winemag.com! By using our\nwebsite and/or subscribing to our newsletter, you agree to our use of cookies\nand the terms of ourPrivacy Policy\n\n×\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://dish.allrecipes.com:80/best-recipes-pair-merlot/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191003072142/http://dish.allrecipes.com:80/best-recipes-pair-merlot/", "parsed_text": { "title": "The 16 Best Recipes To Pair With Merlot", "passages": [ "You know Merlot. It's the friendly, inviting pal of the sometimes standoffish Cabernet. Merlot's the wine that wants you to approach it. It's ready to share its soft, supple, fruity qualities...right now.", "Merlot's gentle tannins help develop a wine that's easy to drink, with soft, rounded edges and lush fruit flavors of plums and berries. Don't banish it to the cellar, pull the cork and dive in!", "Why it works: Steaks and Merlot are a sure thing. This one, though, is even sure-ier. Why? Blue cheese, rosemary, garlic, and a hot grill. Merlot’s mad for this meal.", "Why it works: Say yes to Merlot and burgers in general. By the same token, give the nod to Merlot and lamb in general. And to lamb burgers specifically? Yes, the answer is yes.", "Why it works: Wait, roast chicken with white, right? Well, ok, maybe. But no, go Merlot here. It's a matter of preference, obviously. But if you typically prefer to drink red with dinner, a simple, basic roast chicken with herbs goes really well with Merlot.", "Why it works: Apparently, they know how to make meatloaf in Tennessee. This one is billed as “the most delicious meatloaf in the state.” Believe it. It boasts a holy trinity of Merlot-loving meats: ground beef, pork, and veal. The glaze will amaze with a nice plummy Merlot.", "Why it works: This easy-to-prepare roasted pork loin is rubbed with a rosemary and garlic paste. And the rich wine-reduction sauce has depth, which Merlot can really latch onto. Pro Tip: Use the wine you're drinking with dinner for the reduction sauce.", "Why it works: Beef stew is a genius match for Merlot. And of all the beef stews that pair great, this one made the list because it’s a wonderful, make- ahead meal that cooks all day. At dinner, a soft, luscious Merlot will step right up to it and be all, \"You and me, it's on!\"", "Why it works: I know I’ve hit upon a great pairing when I stop just shoveling it in. I slow way down, and start lingering, giving every bite, every sip a few extra beats. This is one of those pairings. A classic. Use the Merlot you’ll be drinking with dinner in the reduction sauce. If you don't eat veal, a pork chop would also go for the glory.", "Why it works: Meat and potatoes, they're always a winner with Merlot. Cook them in a casserole with some veggies and melty Cheddar, and Merlot is in it for the big win.", "Why it works: Merlot loves duck. And the feeling is mutual. Roast duck, grilled duck, duck with fruit sauce -- they’re all mad for Merlot. This recipe is one to break out on Valentine’s Day or when special guests are coming over and you want to cover yourself in glory. Too worky? This super-simple roasted duck would also be magnificent with Merlot.", "Why it works: A great pairing doesn't need to be fancy. These simple ground beef steaks are served with a yummy, meaty gravy. With mashers and Merlot, a typical weeknight meal is suddenly special.", "Why it works: Pair merlot with chops on the grill and you’re guaranteed success. Lamb chops, pork chops, it doesn’t matter; if chickens had chops I’m sure they’d be great with Merlot, too.", "Why it works: Another Merlot-friendly chicken recipe. And this one is a snap to make. Why does it work? The meaty mushrooms. And the simple sauce made from the roasted chicken and mushroom juices and finished off with a little butter and maybe some fresh herbs. File under No Fail.", "Why it works: Beef, mushrooms, and Merlot are pairing up again. Do you sense a trend? Add a little melty cheese on top. Merlot would practically pour itself to pair up with this burger.", "Why it works: Ok, this one makes the list because sometimes you gotta go big. The rich lamb, the wine-friendly rosemary and garlic, you cannot go wrong here. Also, despite the impressive appearance, this recipe is shockingly easy.", "Why it works: Slow cooked beef in a meaty gravy, it’s the kind of pairing that Merlot lives for. Any number of slow cooked beef roasts would be tremendous. This one gets the nod because it’s just so simple. If you have 5 minutes in the morning, you’re set for a wine-friendly dinner after work. Victory.", "Why it works: Grilled lamb and herbs love Merlot. And the feeling is very much mutual. \"Enjoy fresh herbs with these grilled lamb chops, says Bibi. \"I used what was in my garden: mint, rosemary, parsley, and chives. You may use whatever combination you like! Lamb is very delicate and will stay tender and tasty at medium-rare. Lamb chops grill very quickly, so watch them closely.\"" ] }, "parsed_md": "The 16 Best Recipes To Pair With Merlot | Allrecipes\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# The 16 Best Recipes To Pair With Merlot\n\nBy Carl Hanson\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Pinterest\n * StumbleUpon\n\nYou know Merlot. It's the friendly, inviting pal of the sometimes standoffish\nCabernet. Merlot's the wine that wants you to approach it. It's ready to share\nits soft, supple, fruity qualities...right now.\n\nMerlot's gentle tannins help develop a wine that's easy to drink, with soft,\nrounded edges and lush fruit flavors of plums and berries. Don't banish it to\nthe cellar, pull the cork and dive in!\n\n## Here are 16 of the best food pairings with Merlot.\n\n### 1\\. Grilled Flat Iron Steak with Blue Cheese Butter\n\nWhy it works: Steaks and Merlot are a sure thing. This one, though, is even\nsure-ier. Why? Blue cheese, rosemary, garlic, and a hot grill. Merlot’s mad\nfor this meal.\n\nPhoto by SunnyByrd\n\n### 2\\. Mediterranean Lamb Burgers\n\nWhy it works: Say yes to Merlot and burgers in general. By the same token,\ngive the nod to Merlot and lamb in general. And to lamb burgers specifically?\nYes, the answer is yes.\n\nPhoto by Michaelc\n\n### 3\\. Roast Chicken with Thyme and Onions\n\nWhy it works: Wait, roast chicken with white, right? Well, ok, maybe. But no,\ngo Merlot here. It's a matter of preference, obviously. But if you typically\nprefer to drink red with dinner, a simple, basic roast chicken with herbs goes\nreally well with Merlot.\n\nPhoto by SunnyByrd\n\n### 4\\. Tennessee Meatloaf\n\nWhy it works: Apparently, they know how to make meatloaf in Tennessee. This\none is billed as “the most delicious meatloaf in the state.” Believe it. It\nboasts a holy trinity of Merlot-loving meats: ground beef, pork, and veal. The\nglaze will amaze with a nice plummy Merlot.\n\nPhoto by naples34102\n\n### 5\\. Roasted Pork Loin\n\nWhy it works: This easy-to-prepare roasted pork loin is rubbed with a rosemary\nand garlic paste. And the rich wine-reduction sauce has depth, which Merlot\ncan really latch onto. Pro Tip: Use the wine you're drinking with dinner for\nthe reduction sauce.\n\nPhoto by tsgma\n\n### 6\\. Make-Ahead Slow Cooker Beef Stew\n\nWhy it works: Beef stew is a genius match for Merlot. And of all the beef\nstews that pair great, this one made the list because it’s a wonderful, make-\nahead meal that cooks all day. At dinner, a soft, luscious Merlot will step\nright up to it and be all, \"You and me, it's on!\"\n\nPhoto by abapplez\n\n#### Related: The Best Recipes to Pair with Zinfandel\n\n### 7\\. Veal Chop with Portabello Mushrooms\n\nWhy it works: I know I’ve hit upon a great pairing when I stop just shoveling\nit in. I slow way down, and start lingering, giving every bite, every sip a\nfew extra beats. This is one of those pairings. A classic. Use the Merlot\nyou’ll be drinking with dinner in the reduction sauce. If you don't eat veal,\na pork chop would also go for the glory.\n\nPhoto by naples34102\n\n### 8\\. Shepherd's Pie VI\n\nWhy it works: Meat and potatoes, they're always a winner with Merlot. Cook\nthem in a casserole with some veggies and melty Cheddar, and Merlot is in it\nfor the big win.\n\nPhoto by Allrecipes Magazine\n\n### 9\\. Pan-Seared Duck Breast with Blueberry Sauce\n\nWhy it works: Merlot loves duck. And the feeling is mutual. Roast duck,\ngrilled duck, duck with fruit sauce -- they’re all mad for Merlot. This recipe\nis one to break out on Valentine’s Day or when special guests are coming over\nand you want to cover yourself in glory. Too worky? This super-simple roasted\nduck would also be magnificent with Merlot.\n\nPhoto by SushineWheat\n\n### 10\\. Hamburger Steak with Onions and Gravy\n\nWhy it works: A great pairing doesn't need to be fancy. These simple ground\nbeef steaks are served with a yummy, meaty gravy. With mashers and Merlot, a\ntypical weeknight meal is suddenly special.\n\nPhoto by abapplez\n\n### 11\\. Simple Grilled Lamb Chops\n\nWhy it works: Pair merlot with chops on the grill and you’re guaranteed\nsuccess. Lamb chops, pork chops, it doesn’t matter; if chickens had chops I’m\nsure they’d be great with Merlot, too.\n\n### 12\\. Chef John’s Chicken and Mushrooms\n\nWhy it works: Another Merlot-friendly chicken recipe. And this one is a snap\nto make. Why does it work? The meaty mushrooms. And the simple sauce made from\nthe roasted chicken and mushroom juices and finished off with a little butter\nand maybe some fresh herbs. File under No Fail.\n\nPhoto by Chef John\n\n### 13\\. Grilled Mushroom Swiss Burgers\n\nWhy it works: Beef, mushrooms, and Merlot are pairing up again. Do you sense a\ntrend? Add a little melty cheese on top. Merlot would practically pour itself\nto pair up with this burger.\n\nPhoto by Baking Nana\n\n### 14\\. Roast Leg of Lamb\n\nWhy it works: Ok, this one makes the list because sometimes you gotta go big.\nThe rich lamb, the wine-friendly rosemary and garlic, you cannot go wrong\nhere. Also, despite the impressive appearance, this recipe is shockingly easy.\n\nPhoto by TheBritishBaker\n\n### 15\\. Slow Cooker Roast Beef\n\nWhy it works: Slow cooked beef in a meaty gravy, it’s the kind of pairing that\nMerlot lives for. Any number of slow cooked beef roasts would be tremendous.\nThis one gets the nod because it’s just so simple. If you have 5 minutes in\nthe morning, you’re set for a wine-friendly dinner after work. Victory.\n\n### 16\\. Grilled Lamb Chops with Fresh Herbs\n\nWhy it works: Grilled lamb and herbs love Merlot. And the feeling is very much\nmutual. \"Enjoy fresh herbs with these grilled lamb chops, says Bibi. \"I used\nwhat was in my garden: mint, rosemary, parsley, and chives. You may use\nwhatever combination you like! Lamb is very delicate and will stay tender and\ntasty at medium-rare. Lamb chops grill very quickly, so watch them closely.\"\n\nPhoto by Bibi\n\n### Related:\n\n * Discover the best recipes to pair with Cabernet Sauvignon.\n * These 12 recipes go gaga for Pinot Grigio.\n * Here are the best recipes to pair with Chardonnay.\n * Find the right wines to Pair with Appetizers.\n * These simple recipes prove that Champagne Pairs with Almost Everything.\n\nAbout Carl Hanson\n\nCarl will eat that. Share with him @CarlNo9 on Twitter.\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n * Mermaid Candy Corn Is Available Now, And We Just Tried It\n\nBy Kimberly Holland\n\n * Just Announced: Starburst Swirlers Will Hit Shelves in April 2020\n\nBy Kimberly Holland\n\n * Make It a Meal: 5 Fall Dinner Menus\n\nBy Allrecipes Magazine\n\n * These Fruit Jewels Are the Tropical Treat Your Cheese Board Needs\n\nBy Kait Hanson\n\n * Oh No, Nestlé — There's Now a 'White Chocolate' Lawsuit\n\nBy Isadora Baum\n\n## More Allrecipes\n\n * Allrecipes Magazine – Subscribe\n * Allrecipes Apps\n * Food Wishes Videos\n * Fresh Bites Blog\n\n## About Us\n\n * Newsroom\n * Jobs at Allrecipes\n\n## Support\n\n * Site Map\n * Contact Us\n * Customer Support\n\n## Advertising\n\n * Advertise with Us\n * Meredith Women's Network\n\n## Global Community\n\n## © 2017 Allrecipes.com All Rights Reserved\n\n * Privacy Policy Your California Rights\n * EU Privacy Policy\n * New! Terms of Service\n * Data Policy\n * AdChoices\n\nTop\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://winefolly.com/tutorial/how-long-to-decant-wine/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170618032801/http://winefolly.com/tutorial/how-long-to-decant-wine/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How long to decant wine? Answers & Tips", "passages": [ "Most red wines need decanting. You can also decant affordable wines to improve the flavor. Decanting times range from about 30 minutes to more than 3 hours depending on the variety and age of the wine. Here is a list of decanting times for different types of wine. Since every wine is different, check your wine periodically for ‘doneness.’", "Most of us drink red wines in the 2–10 year mark, so the following advice is tailored to regular drinking habits.", "Most white wines don’t need to be decanted, in fact, if the wine is highly aromatic decanting may hurt. Occasionally, however, white wines taste funky–like steamed mushrooms– and decanting will fix this! This flavor is common in full-bodied white wines from cooler climates like a white Bourgogne (e.g. Chardonnay). Decant for about 30 minutes.", "“I tend to decant most wines that need decanting just before guests arrive, saving only really old bottles to be decanted just before serving.” Jancis Robinson, Wine Expert", "Double decanting quickly decants a ‘closed’ red wine. Just pour wine from the decanter back into the bottle and repeat as needed.", "Hyper-decanting (wine in a blender) has been shown to greatly improve the aromas and flavors on bold red wines as well as affordable wines.", "This advice is more about how to adapt your expectations by tasting the wine before you start decanting to get a control. If the wine tastes great early on, drink it!", "Start by tasting it If there is very little fruit, overly tannic or hard to identify aromas, this means the wine is ‘closed’ and will need decanting.", "Try it again.Decant for the recommended time and taste it again. If the wine hasn’t changed much, keep waiting (30 min.–1 hour)", "Not Ready? If the wine is ready it will be noticeably more pleasant and aromatic. You should be able to smell fruit flavors. You’ll know that it’s ready because you’ll have a control. If it’s still not ready, try swirling it, double-decanting or aerating it.", "In the bottle, wine is practically in a comatose state due to very low oxygen levels. Decanting introduces oxygen, which releases aromas and flavors but it also increases the rate at which chemical reactions occur that cause wine to degrade. When wine degrades, the chemical reactions cause high levels of acetic acid (for you wine geeks: volatile acidity). Acetic acid is the very same acid in vinegar, which has a sharp flavor and will burn your nose and throat.", "20+ year old dry wines show best decanted immediately before serving. If it’s less, check it periodically by tasting a small sample to see if the tannins have smoothed out and the aromas are more present.\nFull Bodied Reds:", "Wines like Aglianico, Barbera, Charbono, Sagrantino and other high tannin red wines that are nearly opaque with color will need longer decanting times of 3+ hours.\nMedium Reds:", "Bonarda, Cabernet Franc, Dolcetto, Montepuliciano, Lagrein and other medium bodied red wines that have semi-translucent color and medium tannins (and often high acidity) can be decanted for 1 hour.\nChampagne:", "If you feel like the bubbles take away from the flavor of fine young vintage Champagne, try serving it in a coupe glass or globe-style aromatic (i.e. Burgundy) glass.\nSee the complete wine guide", "Get all the basics on wine from choosing the right glass to pairing different types of wine with food. The Beginner’s Guide To Wine", "By Madeline Puckette I'm a certified sommelier and creator of the NYT Bestseller, Wine Folly: The Essential Guide to Wine. Find me out there in the wine world @WineFolly" ] }, "parsed_md": "How long to decant wine? Answers & Tips | Wine Folly\n\nCheck out all of our products >\n\n# How Long to Decant Wine? Answers and Tricks\n\nFebruary 13, 2015 Blog » Wine Tips & Tricks » How Long to Decant Wine? Answers\nand Tricks\n\nArticles, Beginner, Serving Wine\n\nMost red wines need decanting. You can also decant affordable wines to improve\nthe flavor. Decanting times range from about 30 minutes to more than 3 hours\ndepending on the variety and age of the wine. Here is a list of decanting\ntimes for different types of wine. Since every wine is different, check your\nwine periodically for ‘doneness.’\n\n## How Long to Decant Wine?\n\nMost of us drink red wines in the 2–10 year mark, so the following advice is\ntailored to regular drinking habits.\n\n### Red Wines\n\n * Zinfandel: 30 minutes\n * Pinot Noir: 30 minutes (e.g. red Bourgogne)\n * Malbec: 1 hour\n * Grenache/Garnacha Blend: 1 hour (e.g. Côtes du Rhône, Priorat, GSM)\n * Cabernet Sauvignon or Merlot: 2 hours (e.g. Bordeaux)\n * Petite Sirah: 2 hours\n * Tempranillo: 2 hours (e.g. Rioja, Ribera del Deuro)\n * Sangiovese: 2 hours (e.g. Brunello di Montalcino, Chianti)\n * Vintage Port & Madeira: 2 hours\n * Mourvèdre/Monastrell 2–3 hours (e.g. Bandol)\n * Dão and Douro Reds: 2–3 hours\n * Syrah/Shiraz: 2–3 hours\n * Nebbiolo 3+ hours (e.g. Barolo, Barbaresco)\n\n### White Wines\n\nMost white wines don’t need to be decanted, in fact, if the wine is highly\naromatic decanting may hurt. Occasionally, however, white wines taste\nfunky–like steamed mushrooms– and decanting will fix this! This flavor is\ncommon in full-bodied white wines from cooler climates like a white Bourgogne\n(e.g. Chardonnay). Decant for about 30 minutes.\n\n> “I tend to decant most wines that need decanting just before guests arrive,\n> saving only really old bottles to be decanted just before serving.” Jancis\n> Robinson, Wine Expert\n\n### Tips\n\nWhat to look for when decanting with a candle or flashlight. Sediment is\nsometimes referred to as “smoke”\n\n * The younger and more tannic, the longer you’ll need to decant.\n * Double decanting quickly decants a ‘closed’ red wine. Just pour wine from the decanter back into the bottle and repeat as needed.\n * You can swirl your decanter.\n * Wine aerators are faster than decanters but are not advisable for aged wines.\n * Hyper-decanting (wine in a blender) has been shown to greatly improve the aromas and flavors on bold red wines as well as affordable wines.\n * Learn how to decant an unfiltered wine over a candle (or even a smart phone flashlight).\n * You can use a stainless steel filter to stop particles from getting into wine.\n * Do not heat the wine when you decant it. Wine is sensitive to temperature.\n * Once a wine is decanted it can’t be undone.\n * Most red wines last just 12–18 hours after being decanted.\n\n### How to tell if your wine is ready\n\nThis advice is more about how to adapt your expectations by tasting the wine\nbefore you start decanting to get a control. If the wine tastes great early\non, drink it!\n\n 1. Start by tasting it If there is very little fruit, overly tannic or hard to identify aromas, this means the wine is ‘closed’ and will need decanting.\n 2. Try it again.Decant for the recommended time and taste it again. If the wine hasn’t changed much, keep waiting (30 min.–1 hour)\n 3. Not Ready? If the wine is ready it will be noticeably more pleasant and aromatic. You should be able to smell fruit flavors. You’ll know that it’s ready because you’ll have a control. If it’s still not ready, try swirling it, double-decanting or aerating it.\n\n### How long is too long?\n\nTo put it simply: if it smells like vinegar... it’s been too long.\n\nIn the bottle, wine is practically in a comatose state due to very low oxygen\nlevels. Decanting introduces oxygen, which releases aromas and flavors but it\nalso increases the rate at which chemical reactions occur that cause wine to\ndegrade. When wine degrades, the chemical reactions cause high levels of\nacetic acid (for you wine geeks: volatile acidity). Acetic acid is the very\nsame acid in vinegar, which has a sharp flavor and will burn your nose and\nthroat.\n\n### Wine not listed above?\n\nOld Red Wine:\n\n 20+ year old dry wines show best decanted immediately before serving. If it’s less, check it periodically by tasting a small sample to see if the tannins have smoothed out and the aromas are more present.\nFull Bodied Reds:\n\n Wines like Aglianico, Barbera, Charbono, Sagrantino and other high tannin red wines that are nearly opaque with color will need longer decanting times of 3+ hours.\nMedium Reds:\n\n Bonarda, Cabernet Franc, Dolcetto, Montepuliciano, Lagrein and other medium bodied red wines that have semi-translucent color and medium tannins (and often high acidity) can be decanted for 1 hour.\nChampagne:\n\n If you feel like the bubbles take away from the flavor of fine young vintage Champagne, try serving it in a coupe glass or globe-style aromatic (i.e. Burgundy) glass.\n\n### See the complete wine guide\n\nGet all the basics on wine from choosing the right glass to pairing different\ntypes of wine with food. The Beginner’s Guide To Wine\n\nHave more questions on the minutia of decanting? Leave a comment below!\n\n###### Do you like this post?\n\nTweet\n\nArticles Beginner Serving Wine\n\nBy Madeline Puckette I'm a certified sommelier and creator of the NYT\nBestseller, Wine Folly: The Essential Guide to Wine. Find me out there in the\nwine world @WineFolly\n\n### Subscribe Today\n\nJoin thousands of enthusiasts who subscribe to the most entertaining weekly\nwine newsletter online. It's free!\n\n##### Like Wine Folly?\n\n##### Follow Us. We're Awesome!\n\nFollow us on Twitter\n\nLike us on Facebook\n\nCircle us on Google+\n\nGet our RSS\n\nSubscribe to Wine Folly\n\n##### Recommend on Google\n\nWe produce wine videos, articles, and educational courses. Creating wine\nsmarts since 2011.\n\n##### Company\n\n * Contact Us\n * Our Team\n * Partnerships\n\n##### Trade & Media\n\n * Submit a Wine\n * Hire Us\n * Content Licensing\n\n##### House Rules\n\n * Code of Ethics\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\nBack to top\n\nWine Folly, llc. Creative Commons BY-NC-SA. Powered by wine. Lots of delicious\nwine. (206) 486-6750 info@winefolly.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://winemonger.com:80/catalog/winemonger-talk/wine-and-cheese-pairing/2006/07/15/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160821095251/http://winemonger.com:80/catalog/winemonger-talk/wine-and-cheese-pairing/2006/07/15/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Wine and Cheese Pairing", "passages": [ "BLAUFRANKISCH Pair your Blaufrankisch wines (also known as Lemberger) with these cheeses: Cantalet Feta Limburger Monterey Jack Gouda (smoked, aged, or straight up) Pepper Jack Piave Provolone Smoked cheeses Sublimity (washed rind cheese from Oregon) Washed Curd", "GRUNER VELTLINER Known as being a great food wine that can pair with almost anything, including artichokes and asparagus, Gruner Veltliner will also pair well with these cheeses:", "SAUVIGNON BLANC We particularly recommend pairing Sauvignon Blanc with goat cheese (many types of which are listed here) but we also love it with these other cheeses:", "ST.LAURENT St.Laurent, which is a bit like Pinot Noir with a wild side, will pair with these cheeses: Comte Edam French Chevre Taleggio", "ZINFANDEL A hearty Zinfandel (AKA Primitivo) red wine will work beautifully with these cheeses: Asiago Canestrato Dry Sonoma Jack Goat cheese Gouda Gruyere", "ZWEIGELT Zweigelt, a red wine backed with great spice notes, pairs well with these cheeses: Cheddar (sharp) Edam Gouda Salers, A.O.C. Selun (a Swiss cows milk cheese) St. Nectaire", "WHITE WINES Tschermonegg Cuvee Styria with Monte Enebro Monte Enebre is a goat’s milk cheese from Spain which is cave aged in ash. This cheese is also known as the “Pirate’s Cheese”.", "Feiler-Artinger Muscat-Ottonel Spatlese with Pave de Jadis Pave de Jadis is a French pasteurized goat cheese covered in vegetable ash.", "RED WINES Braunstein Mitterjoch Zweigelt with Green Hill from Sweet Grass Dairy Green Hill is a cows milk cheese from Georgia. OR Salers, A.O.C. Salers is an unpasteurized cows milk cheese from Auvergne, France.", "Feiler-Artinger Umriss Blaufrankisch with Sublimity Herbes de Provence Sublimity is a raw cow cheese from Oregon, covered in herbes de Provence.", "Wenzel Kleiner Wald Pinot Noir 2004 with Saint Andre Saint Andre is a pasteurized triple creme cows milk cheese from France.", "Weiss Gruner Veltliner/Welschriesling Ice Wine with Taleggio Taleggio is a washed rind cows milk cheese from the Italian Lombardy region.", "Pasler “C” Trockenbeerenauslese (Chardonnay) with Brique de Flanders Brique de Flanders is a raw cows milk cheese from Normandy, colored with annatto seeds.", "Sadly, I couldn’t find the complimenting note for “Smoked” Swiss. Although I may find this webpage educational, it would stand as pertinent to update the knowledgeable pairing of the multitude of smoked cheeses. Hopefully, considering I skimmed this webpage, perhaps I simply overlooked it and maybe another will see what I did not. Thanks for the efforts applied.", "I love all of your cheese pairings for Cabs. I just read where reds are really not best paired with red wine because of the tannins but it is all about the journey and not about the destination. I think you would find most people love cheese and red wine. Please check us out at http://www.cheeseboardco for wine and cheese accessory items.", "I have my black truffle farm on the out skirts of a town called Barbastro, Huesca, Spain. You should be able to click on my user name to go to my black truffle web page. Cheers", "The original black truffle is always a welcome sight when enjoying cheese & a fine bottle of wine. Black truffle farms are a great way to make a living & very profitable too.", "Thank you SO much! We hosted a small 2000 Bordeaux tasting tonight. We were to have food, but the caterer cancelled at the last minute. I came here last night to get cheese pairing ideas. All were GREAT. I ended up with: Roquefort (I think my fav w/ the wine–the salty flavor really was outstanding) Morbier Comte Aged English Farmhouse Cheddar Double Cream Brie Guiggesburg Swiss", "All but the swiss I bought at Trader Joe’s along with their house brand water cracker and bagette. Also, per your suggestion, we had seedless red grapes on the table.", "Some attending didn’t even try the Morbier or Roquefort because they “don’t like blue cheese”. While I would not enjoy it by itself (unlike the other cheeses), with the wine I thougt both were heavenly.", "I would never have tried these, but for your endorsement. Thank you very much for contributing to an outstanding tasting event.", "Hello Richard, The fig-and-olive tapenade could be lovely- a nice Cote de Castillon often has notes of dried plums, which the fig would certainly bring out. For cheese, I would suggest a Cantal, Tomme de Savoie, or Salers. Cheers, Emily", "I have a really nice Cotes de Castillon and would like to pair it with both a cheese and maybe a tapenade as well. I have a recipe for a Fig and Olive tapenade. Do you think that would be too sweet? I was thinking of an herbed goat cheese with that. But I am totally open to suggestions. What do you think???", "Hi MaryJ, With a sweet Riesling I would recommend great blue-veined cheese. Point Reyes Original Blue would be a fine choice. Cheers, Emily", "I have a Canadian Riesling Dolce wine. What would pair well with it? It is quite sweet, unlike most of the other Rieslings I have tried.", "Hi, I’m hosting a wine-tasting for my friend’s bridal shower. I need some advice on cheeses to pair with these wines:", "Hi Sarah, for your gorgonzola dolce/mascarpone cheese, I recommend a simple Chilean Carmenere, specifically the Casillero de Diablo. Let me know what you decided to serve.", "Hi Sarah, This cheese just screams to be paired with a just-off-dry light bodied wine with a zip of acidity. The perfect candidate is the Feiler- Artinger Quartett Spatlese: it’s an equal parts cuvee of Pinot Grigio, Chardonnay, Welschriesling and Pinot Blanc. Go out to our home page and search the catalog with this code: KF026.", "Be sure to chill the Spatlese well! And honestly, this may just be one of the best pairings I’ve come across- we will definitely be serving this in the days ahead.", "Hi, I’ve got a gorgonzola dolce/mascarpone cheese and was looking for suggestions for what wine might go well with it? I’ve got a Chablis, but I think it might be too dry for the sweet cheeses. Thanks!", "Hi, I’m thinking about having a wine/cheese tasting come together with some friends, and I’ve got some great ideas from the above comments, but I need some help with pairing my favorite wine. I’m not sure which cheese would go best with it, it’s called Lagrein and is a red Italian wine. Any suggestions? Would be great", "With the Shiraz, try a nice sharp Cheddar (always so warming when it’s cold outside), an Edam, St. Nectaire or a good hearty Gouda. With the CdeP (that’s wine geek for Chateauneut de Pape), I’d suggest going more in the direction of a Camembert, Fourme d’Ambert, d’Affinois or Reblochon. It would make a nice difference from the cheeses you pair with the Shiraz. One more note- I would suggest that your guests sample the CdeP pairing first and then the Shiraz. Cheers!", "Hi, I need some cheeses for a wine tasting early next week. The two wines I’m having a bit of trouble with are Minor Creek Shiraz and2003 Sabon “Reserve” Chateauneaf du Pape. Any suggestions would be great.", "I am holding a wine pairing this weekend and have the following cheese that I want to try and pair with 2 more wines but don’t know which will go together:", "-St. Andre -Cambazola -Hubbardston Blue Cow (a surface ripened blue cheese with a very soft and creamy center) -Chocolate Goat Cheese", "First, my apologies to Ruth, Caren, Joanne & Julie for not responding to their questions! This winemonger was a busy one, but I am back on duty.", "Caren: depending upon the style of the Muscadet: fresh & young Muscadets work well with hard goat cheeses, Beaufort d’Alpage and Comté, while vintage Muscadets can pair well with Mont Dore, Pont l’Évêque and Epoisse.", "Cheryl: it can depend if your Rosé is off-dry or dry, but in general, drier Rosés pair well with light, fresh cheeses such as mozzarella and fromage blanc, while a Rosé that has a touch of residual sugar pairs nicely with a hard, aged cheese that has a bit of saltiness, such as a great parmesan, asiago or pecorino.", "My husband and I are hosting a wine tasting party in a few weeks. We will be serving a rose wine as an appetizer and wanted to pair a cheese with this. What cheeses would you recommend?", "We’re trying to pair a rhone style wine with cheese. It’s 60% Petite Sirah, 16% Zinfandel, 18% Syrah, 6% Carignane. Can you recommend? Thanks!", "I am going to Portugal in early fall. What wine would you recommend for a causal sitting on the deck watching the ocean drink? What would you pair with it that can be found in the local village? Thanks", "Pinot Gris- Asiago, Ricotta+ Chardonnay-? Brie Pinot noir-Edam Pinotages-? Rioja-Manchego + Sparkling Shiraz-chocolate mousse? Could I serve blue cheese with any of these or would I need a cab or Port? Thanks for any feedback", "Hi Big Red, So this is what I think you should try- DO start with a white, and make it Gruner Veltliner. Not just because that’s my favorite white, but because it never fails to surprise people, I have never met the person who doesn’t love it, and it starts off this pairing menu perfectly.", "Gruner Veltliner with Appenzeller -Appenzeller fits the season so well, and a big bodied Gruner stands up to the cheese and to the cooler weather", "Merlot with Robiola Bosina -This is a mild cheese, and the effect together will almost clear and prep the palate for the following match-ups, while still playing nicely with one another. Do try to get your hands on a lighter bodied Merlot. A light Pinot Noir could work as well. Nothing big and oaky!", "Cabernet Sauvignon with Reblochon or San Andreas -Big flavors here. Strong cheeses and full-bodied wine. This is kind of the meal in the set, while the triple cream cheeses also lend a lovely decandent feeling to the affair.", "Alongside the cheese you could serve slices of baguette and water crackers. I would avoid any kind of whole grain or vegetable or flavored cracker of any sort. That said, the cracked pepper water crackers can work. And Carr’s also makes a wheat biscuit cracker thing- are they called whole wheat crackers or wheatmeal?- that would work nicely with the port/stilton and cab/reblochon.", "Some fruits work, some don’t. Stay away from citrus with these pairings. No melons. Grapes always work. Some slices of ripe persimmon could be nice.", "We are looking to do our first wine/cheese pairing party and are looking for a few 3-4 good proven matches to go with.", "Most everyone in our group loves red wine so we lean towards big reds but would be willing to consider a white in the mix.", "We love wine and cheese and want to learn more about pairing them, thanks for bearing with our elementary questions.", "Hi Kayla, You know what? It’s the holidays- so I say break out a sparkling Italian wine to go with that Robiola. Spumante? I say yes! Otherwise, go for a white that has some character, but not a whole lot of overwhelming oakiness.", "I have a cheese and wine tasting comming up this weekend. It’s all Italian themed. I have a Fontina D’Aosta, a Pecorino Foglie Noce, and a Robiola Bosina. I’m having a hard time with the Robiola...I want it to be a really great match, but the cheese is so simple. Any suggestions???", "What non-Spanish cheeses would you pair with some Spanish varietals (albarino, tempranillo, verdejo)? I can see Manchego with a Rioja, Iberes with a verdejo, a Mahon with a tempranillo too. The reds may be either joven or crianza. Also, another possible red is a Spanish cabernet franc. Thanks in advance.", "Hi Petronio, I say all triple cream cheeses pair great with sparkling wines, and for me, I would say especially with very dry sparkling wines. Otherwise, do try some of the other cheeses I have recommended above. The mild cheddar is a neat pairing!", "For the white Burgundy, you can of course refer to the Chardonnay pairings. A great rule of thumb is picking a cheese from the specific area your wine hails from (some Burgundian cheeses include Epoisses, Citeaux, and Aisy Cendre). Otherwise, a goat cheese will usually work nicely with these wines (such as the Crottin de Chavignol)", "Hello Lynda, In addition to the cheeses I have previously suggested for the wines you are drinking, I would try these:", "Sonoma Red Zinfandel: pair with cheddar or a blue goat cheese. But really, a Sonoma dry jack works wonderfully well.", "For the white burgundy I researched and found that the best matches are: Impromptu, Acapella, and Melange. Maybe Rondo and Nocture. However, these are probaby hard to find in short notice. Any other suggestions?", "What about the champagne. I know it is very versatile and would probably go fine with most cheeses. Any preferred best matches though? I like St Andres and Savorin Brillat. Are these a safe bet? Any other suggestions?", "I need to know what cheeses best match the folowing wines please: Red Zinfandel – Sonama Valley Merlot – Bordeaux France Saint Emilion – Bordeaux – France and more cheese suggestions for Cote Du Rhone- France many thanks Lynda", "Hi Rhonda, My ideal wine line-up for these cheese would be a Muscat Spatlese, a couple of dessert wines in the Beerenauslese and Ice Wine realms, and some sparkling wines.", "White stilton is not a blue cheese. It’s more of a creamy, plain cheese which is why you find it blended with various fruits. It’s this blank-canvas- studded-with-fruit personality that makes it such a lovely pair with a nice dessert wine – with the fruit bringing out those notes in the wine, and the cheese not being overpowering.", "Meanwhile, both brie and a sharp cheddar pair nicely with sparkling wines (Champagne, cava, sekt, etc.). The port cheddar would, of course, pair even better with a port wine- but in the overall scope of the cheeses here, a switch to port against the sparkling wine & dessert wines wouldn’t work so well.", "All that said, you mentioned that this is for a work event. If you don’t think they will go for the dessert wines (although, in my experience, while people SAY they don’t like them, they are ALWAYS happy when they actually try them!), I would suggest you serve some sparkling wine and a white wine such as a Pinot Blanc or Chardonnay.", "what wines go with brie, brie with pepper white stilton with lemon peel, white stilton with blueberries and sharp cheddar with port wine? this is for work I know cheese but not wine thanks", "As a general rule, I recommend pairing a medium bodied red or white wine with naked goat cheese. This is a Spanish cheese made from raw milk that has been aged for 6 months, and it packs a good tang of flavor along with a lovely creaminess.", "With paive, I always like a good Italian red (this cheese is from Italy), such as a Nebbiolo or Sangiovese. However, we did a wine and cheese pairing course where I specifically paired this cheese up with the Wenzel Bandkraften Blaufrankisch and the results were beautiful.", "The 2002 vintage of the Wenzel Blaufrankisch would be an excellent choice for both cheeses. It shows more elegance than the preceding vintage, and that element will keep it from overpowering the naked goat, while the inherent spiciness of the grape will give it the kick it needs to pair with the piave. If you want to go with one of the Italian wines, I would lean towards the Sangiovese.", "what is a good wine to pair with naked goat cheese? and paive cheese? Your suggestions is greatly appreciated. thank you", "Hi, having a party this weekend and what would you recommend with Syrah and Pinot Gris?? cheeses and appetizers?? First pairing party, help!", "Hi Laura, You’re absolutely right- we do need a Rose section. I am a big fan of these wines, and am very happy to see their resurgence in popularity. In fact, we will be importing a wonderful Zweigelt Rose from the Feiler-Artinger winery that I am certain will become a crowd favorite.", "And now to which cheeses. As with the fresh chevre, I stand by my suggestion for a lighter styled cheese. Some others would include Mozzarella and fromage blanc. If the Rose has a touch of residual sugar, you could pair it nicely with a hard, aged cheese that has a bit of saltiness, such as a great parmesan, asiago or pecorino.", "Finally, try pairing with a cheese from the same region as the wine, following the above profiles for the choice of cheese (i.e. fresh and light or lightly salty)", "I am having a Rose’ tasting at my wine shop. Would love to see Rose’ as a catergory here. Many of my customers are discovering these wines due to recent good press. What else besides goat cheese would you recommend with these dry wines? Thank you!", "Hello Maria, Mourvedre wines pair very well with cheeses that are goat milk based. For the rose, go with a lighter style. And then of course something more intense with the 2004 – perhaps Chabichou du Poitou (good brands to seek out are Le Chevrot from Sevre-et-Belle and Chabis from Soreda or Desport.) Your local cheesemonger can point out all of the goats milk cheeses that they carry.", "Ricotta Salata: Find a Pinot Gris with just a touch higher residual sugar. Not a sweet wine, but something to complement the Salata of the Ricotta. It’s a shame we are sold out on the Wenzel Pinot Gris 2001, as it would have been just perfect. Try looking for an Alsatian version.", "Sardo: An Argentinian wine from the same region as the cheese is always a good bet, or a Barbera or Zinfandel.", "Aged Cheddar with Green Peppercorns: You want a rich white or red wine. For the white, I would highly recommend a Smaragd Gruner Veltliner or the lightly oaked Melusine Gruner Veltliner. You’ll have the full-body you need and then the pepper will pick up on the finish very nicely. For red, go with one that shows off a bit of spice- a Zinfandel, Shiraz or Zweigelt.", "Okay I have to wines from Cline Cellars – a 2004 Mourvedre & a 2006 Mourvedre Rose. What cheeses can I pair with theses.", "Hello Natasha, I can make a few recommendations, and as you know your wine, you can probably make a good pick from them.", "A raw cow’s milk cheese from Burgundy, either double or triple creme, could be very nice. Perhaps a Soumaintrain or Saint-Florentin.", "A Dutch cheese from one of these cheesemakers- Arina, Benning or Darcy- could also work. They have a slight, peppery finish that could complement the wine well.", "Two other cow’s milk cheeses come to mind, both made by monks: Chimay and Pierre-Qui-Vire. They can be tough to find, though.", "I’m doing a pairing with Petite Sirah and would like recommendations for cheese. The wine is not very tannic, an easy drinking Petite. I can’t find any info. on pairing suggestions. Help!", "Ah! Le Caussenard. This cheese comes from the cheese producing area called the Causses, which is in a region called Rouergue, better known as being the birthplace of Roquefort. As this is the Languedoc, the easy answer is to first try a wine produced from there. With aged sheep’s milk cheeses in general, I like a good Zweigelt or Shiraz. Cheers!", "Great site! I just received a new cheese from igourmet called Le Caussenard; an aged sheep cheese from Languedoc. Any suggestions? Thanks", "Thank you for the suggestions to pair with Malbec! I had some Malbec this past weekend and the hostess served it with IBERICO and Marcona almonds! VERY YUMMY!!", "Wow! Those sound amazing. I would foremost suggest you take your pairing clues from the flavorings (unless the cheddar is completely dominant).", "What you want to do is try to pair the flavor with a wine that also has hints of that note either in its bouquet or on the palate.", "With the dill & garlic, try a very big Sauvignon Blanc that has seen some oak aging. If it’s too light-bodied, it won’t stand up to the cheddar and garlic, and might even toss a bitter taste. But there are some out there that I have tried that could do the job. The Sabathi Mervielleux is an example that we carry, but there are others.", "With the cloves-cardomon-caraway, go with a dessert wine that is crafted from the Scheurebe grape (AKA Samling 88 in some countries). When made into a late- harvest wine, this varietal is known for its almost mango chutney note, which will bring out the cardamom and caraway in a really neat way.", "With the thyme cheddar, I would suggest one of the Austrian red wine blends that use Blaufrankisch and Zweigelt. I base this on my experience of pairing these wines with a dish made from roasted squash and thyme. The dish happens to have a lot of butter, so something about the sharp, creaminess along with the thyme makes me think the same wine would pair with that cheese.", "Sun-dried tomato & basil: Again, if it’s white cheddar, maybe Pinot Grigio. A strong cheddar leans towards an Italian red.", "I have some artisan handcrafted flavored cheddars that I need help pairing with. Some of the flavors are as follows: Dill &garlic, Red peppers w/onion, Sweet basil, cracked pepper, cloves-cardomon-caraway, thyme, sage, sun-dried tomato & basil. Any suggestions? Or stick to cheddar as a base, or pair wines with the flavorings?", "Hi Katrina, As you might notice from an earlier comment, I think it pairs nicely with Taleggio, Manchego, or some Cashel Blue.", "Thanks for replying. Subsequently to posying my questioning, I found a website that recommended on Italian Gorgonzola so that’s what we paired with the Casillero de Diablo Carmenere. Gorgonzola, along with France’s Roquefort and Britain’s Stilton, are perhaps the world’s three most popular blue cheeses. Gorgonzola has a smooth, creamy texture and is made with whole milk. I must admit that the Gorgonzola was a little too bold for me and pairing it with the Carmenere was perhaps a bad choice.", "Hello Daniel- If I’m not mistaken, the Casillero de Diablo also has a bit of Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah in the blend, which add some slight cocoa and current notes to what is predominantly a spicy, berry laden wine. That all said, I would recommend giving a Gouda, Edam, Cheddar or any smoked cheese a try. Please let us know how it worked!", "Fantastic and very informative piece on wine and cheese. I have a wine website and will linkback to this post for my visitors. Very educational material, thanks!", "Hi Sara- It would depend upon where your white Merlot hails from, as Napa white Merlots tend to be sweeter than their French counterparts. If it is on the off-dry to sweetish side, I would recommend to drink it chilled and pair it with any of the selections given for Muscat (in particular, Gorgonzola should work well.) If it’s a bit drier, I would try a Swiss or smoked jack cheese. As for fruits- pour some in a glass and give it a good swirl, sniff and sip. Try to pick out some of the fruit notes it’s showing, and then pair it with that fruit to further bring out that note.", "I have a white merlot and was wondering what I should pair with it when it comes to cheeses and fruits?", "Russ- I have added Viognier, so that’s a start. One cheese which I think pairs well with a red Côtes Du Rhône is Coulommiers, and as Syrah is one of the grapes generally used in a Côtes Du Rhône blend, you might try those cheese suggestions! But I’ll have more ideas soon...", "Thank you! And thanks for listing the proper cheeses for Gewürztraminer, for which I’ll be conducting a tasting 2 nights from now." ] }, "parsed_md": "Wine and Cheese Pairing | Winemonger Talk\n\n# Winemonger.com\n\n * Account\n\n * Home\n * Sweet Wines\n * White Wines\n * Red Wines\n * Flights of Wine\n * Cellar Selections\n * On Sale\n * Zalto Glassware\n\n### Wine and Cheese Pairing\n\nPLEASE GO TO OUR NEW AND IMPROVED WINE AND CHEESE PAIRING GUIDE – FOLLOW THIS\nLINK!\n\nYour Grape-by-Grape Guide to Pairing Wine with Cheeses from Around the World\n\n*grapes are listed alphabetically, followed by sparkling wines, sweet wines, and then some of the classic blends*\n\nBARBERA Abbaye de Belloc Banon Fiore Sardo Fontina Grana Padano Lancashire\nOssau-Iraty Piave Taleggio\n\nBlaufrankisch from Wenzel\n\nBLAUFRANKISCH Pair your Blaufrankisch wines (also known as Lemberger) with\nthese cheeses: Cantalet Feta Limburger Monterey Jack Gouda (smoked, aged, or\nstraight up) Pepper Jack Piave Provolone Smoked cheeses Sublimity (washed rind\ncheese from Oregon) Washed Curd\n\nCABERNET SAUVIGNON A big Cabernet Sauvignon red will pair well with these\ncheeses:\n\nAbbaye de Belloc Ardrahan Bra Tenero Chalosse Cheddar (sharp) Comte Danish\nBlue Gouda (aged) Llangloffan Le Moulis Ouray Reblochon San Andreas Tome de\nCouserans\n\nCHARDONNAY Chardonnay (Burgundy, California, Chablis, Pouilly-Fuisse,\nMorillon, etc.) wines can pair wonderfully with these cheeses:\n\nChardonnay Grape\n\nAffidelice Alpine Shepard Bel Paese Bucheron Brie (esp. Burgundy) Cambazola\nCantal Cashel Blue Chaource Cotija\n\nChardonnay Flight\n\nDry Jack Epoisses French mountain cheeses Garrotxa Gruyere Jarlsberg (esp.\nChablis) Panela Parmigiano-Reggiano Pave d’Auge Pecorino (esp. Pouilly-Fuisse)\nProvolone Shropshire Blue Tete de Moine\n\nCHENIN BLANC A few ideas for pairing Chenin Blanc with cheese:\n\nBlue Castello Camembert Derby Graddost Raclette de Savoie\n\nGAMAY Brie Camembert Cheddar Durrus Feta Morbier\n\nGEWURZTRAMINER A nice Gewurztraminer or dry Traminer wine would pair well with\nthese cheeses: Alpine Shepard Ardrahan Boursin Chevre Durrus Meunster Pecorino\nRomano Robiola Swiss Tome d’Aquitaine Tumalo Tomme Wensleydale\n\nGRUNER VELTLINER Known as being a great food wine that can pair with almost\nanything, including artichokes and asparagus, Gruner Veltliner will also pair\nwell with these cheeses:\n\nGruner Flight\n\nAppenzeller Brin D’Amour Caerphilly Chimay Double Gloucester Garrotxa\nHarbourne Blue Harvest Moon (washed rind cheese) Munster Livarot Ibores Mahon\nVacherin Fribourgeois\n\nMALBEC Malbec wines pair well with these cheeses: Cashel Blue Iberico Manchego\nTaleggio\n\nMERLOT Merlot, and even some Merlot blends, will pair nicely with these\ncheeses:\n\nGruyere\n\nAbbaye de Belloc Alpine Shepard Cantalet Camembert Chalosse Doddington Gouda\nGruyere Ibores Montasio Pecorino Toscano Robiola Bosina Roncal Toussaint\n\nMUSCAT A white Muscat wine, be it dry, off-dry or semi-sweet, will pair nicely\nwith these cheeses:\n\nMuscat Ottonel\n\nBlu del Moncenisio Fourme d’Ambert Gorgonzola Monte Enebro Valdeon\n\nNEBBIOLO Fontina Grana Padano Piave\n\nPETIT SIRAH Arina Benning Darcy Pierre-Qui-Vire Saint-Florentin Soumaintrain\n\nPINOT BLANC Pinot Blanc (AKA Weissburgunder) wines pair particularly well with\nthese cheeses: Baby Swiss Brie Camembert Dry Jack Feta Fontina D’Aosta\nMontasio Ossau-Iraty\n\nWenzel Pinot Gris\n\nPierre-Robert Pont L’Eveque Robiola Vite Sbrinz Taleggio\n\nPINOT GRIS Pair your Pinot Gris with these cheeses: Asiago Fresco Banon\nCamellia Caprino Tartufo Crottin Garroxta Ricotta St. Nectaire\n\nPINOT NOIR Try pairing your Pinot Noir with these cheeses:\n\nBerkswell Buche Cheddar (light) Comte Edam Epoisses (with a big Pinot) French\nChevre (Cabriflore is a good example) Fumaison Gouda Gruyere Lancashire Port\nSalut Saint Andre\n\nRIESLING Austrian, Alsatian, American and German Rieslings will pair with\nthese cheeses:\n\nRieslings\n\nCheshire Colby Comte Cotija Edam Gouda Monterey Jack Morbier Panela St.Andre\nSwiss mountain cheeses Redhawk (from the Cowgirl Creamery) Saval Stanser\nRotelli Tarentaise Tomme Fermiere d’Alsace\n\nSANGIOVESE Sangiovese (AKA Chianti) wines will work well with these cheeses:\nAsiago Boschetto al Tartufo Bianchetto Dry Jack Fontina Georgia Pecan Chevre\nMozzarella Parmesan Reggiano Pecorino Piave Provolone Ricotta\n\nSAUVIGNON BLANC We particularly recommend pairing Sauvignon Blanc with goat\ncheese (many types of which are listed here) but we also love it with these\nother cheeses:\n\nSauvignon Blanc Flight\n\nAbbaye de Belloc Amarelo Blue Castello Brie Bucheron Cheddar (sharp) Cheshire\nClochette Coulommiers Coupole Crottin Derby Double Gloucester Drunken Goat Dry\nJack\n\nGoat Cheese\n\nExplorateur Goat Cheese Graddost Gruyere Mahon Majorero Neufchatel Pave\nD’Affinois Selles sur Cher Sonoma Jack Teleme\n\nSt.Laurent\n\nST.LAURENT St.Laurent, which is a bit like Pinot Noir with a wild side, will\npair with these cheeses: Comte Edam French Chevre Taleggio\n\nSYRAH / SHIRAZ A spicy Shiraz will pair well with a few cheeses: Cheddar\n(sharp) Edam Gouda St. Nectaire\n\nTEMPRANILLO A good Tempranillo wine will pair well with these cheeses:\n\nAzeitao Cheddar (sharp) Fium ‘Orbu Fleur du Maquis Havarti Mahon Manchego\nSerena Tomme de Savoie Zamarano\n\nVIOGNIER Pair your Viognier wines with these cheeses: Blue cheeses (light)\nBrillat-Savarin Goat Livarot Pave d’Auge Stanser Rotelli Tourmalet\n\nZINFANDEL A hearty Zinfandel (AKA Primitivo) red wine will work beautifully\nwith these cheeses: Asiago Canestrato Dry Sonoma Jack Goat cheese Gouda\nGruyere\n\nA Great Zweigelt\n\nMaytag Blue Muenster Pau Pecorino (esp. Fiore Sardo) Piave Zamorano\n\nZWEIGELT Zweigelt, a red wine backed with great spice notes, pairs well with\nthese cheeses: Cheddar (sharp) Edam Gouda Salers, A.O.C. Selun (a Swiss cows\nmilk cheese) St. Nectaire\n\nSPARKLING WINE All styles of sparkling wines, including Champagne, will pair\nwell with these cheeses:\n\nBaby Swiss Beaufort Brie Brillat-Savarin Camembert Cheddar (mild) Chevre\nCooleeney Crescenza Edam (for dry wines) Explorateur Fromage de Meaux Gouda\nLangres Pierre Robert Pont l’Eveque Sbrinz\n\nDessert Wine Flight\n\nSWEET WINE / DESSERT WINE Pair your Ice Wines, BA’s, TBA’s, Sauternes, Tokaji,\nand Ruster Ausbruch wines with these cheeses: Blue cheeses: Bleu des Basques\nBrebis Bleu de Sassenage Cashel Blue Fourme d’Ambert Maytag Blue or Crème\nFraiche Marscapone Taleggio\n\nPORT Cheddar (sharp) Gorgonzola Roqueforte Stilton\n\nThe Artisan Cheese Gallery\n\nBORDEAUX (red) Brie Camembert Chalosse Gabletou Roqueforte Tome de Bordeaux\nTome des Recollets\n\nCôTES Du RHôNES (red) Bleu d’Auvergne Camembert Chevrotin des Aravis Fourme\nd’Ambert Reblochon\n\nSPECIFIC WINE AND CHEESE PAIRINGS:\n\nWHITE WINES Tschermonegg Cuvee Styria with Monte Enebro Monte Enebre is a\ngoat’s milk cheese from Spain which is cave aged in ash. This cheese is also\nknown as the “Pirate’s Cheese”.\n\nFeiler-Artinger Muscat-Ottonel Spatlese with Pave de Jadis Pave de Jadis is a\nFrench pasteurized goat cheese covered in vegetable ash.\n\nJohann Donabaum Wachauer Riesling with Arina Arina is a goat milk Gouda from\nHolland.\n\nHogl Terrassen Spitzergraben Gruner Veltliner with Couronne Lachoise Couronne\nLachoise is a French raw goat cheese.\n\nSabathi Possnitzberg Sauvignon Blanc with Four Corners Round Cheese Four\nCorners Round Cheese is a washed rind cheese from Colorado.\n\nRED WINES Braunstein Mitterjoch Zweigelt with Green Hill from Sweet Grass\nDairy Green Hill is a cows milk cheese from Georgia. OR Salers, A.O.C. Salers\nis an unpasteurized cows milk cheese from Auvergne, France.\n\nFeiler-Artinger Umriss Blaufrankisch with Sublimity Herbes de Provence\nSublimity is a raw cow cheese from Oregon, covered in herbes de Provence.\n\nWenzel Bandkraften Blaufrankisch with Piave Piave is a pasteurized cows milk\ncheese from Bellunao, Italy.\n\nWenzel Kleiner Wald Pinot Noir 2004 with Saint Andre Saint Andre is a\npasteurized triple creme cows milk cheese from France.\n\nDESSERT WINES Gsellmann & Gsellmann Scheurebe/Pinot Blanc Beerenauslese with\nWinchester Dairy Boerenkaas Cumin Gouda This Gouda is an unpasteurized\nHolstein cows milk cheese from San Diego County, studded with whole cumin\nseeds.\n\nHeiss Cabernet Sauvignon / Blaufrankisch Ice Wine with Bleu de Sassenage Bleu\nde Sassenage is a pasteurized cows milk cheese from Sassenage, France.\n\nWeiss Gruner Veltliner/Welschriesling Ice Wine with Taleggio Taleggio is a\nwashed rind cows milk cheese from the Italian Lombardy region.\n\nPasler “C” Trockenbeerenauslese (Chardonnay) with Brique de Flanders Brique de\nFlanders is a raw cows milk cheese from Normandy, colored with annatto seeds.\n\nWenzel Am Fusse Des Berges Ruster Ausbruch with Cashel Blue The Cashel Blus is\nan Irish blue cheese from Friesian cows milk and penicillium roquforti mold.\n\nEmily Schindler July 15th, 2006 at 12:38 PM\n\nLogging In...\n\nComments are closed.\n\n * 75 Replies\n * 75 Comments\n * 0 Tweets\n * 0 Facebook\n * 0 Pingbacks\n\nLast reply was September 25, 2014\n\n 1. Matthew Oyer\n\nView September 25, 2014\n\nSadly, I couldn’t find the complimenting note for “Smoked” Swiss. Although I\nmay find this webpage educational, it would stand as pertinent to update the\nknowledgeable pairing of the multitude of smoked cheeses. Hopefully,\nconsidering I skimmed this webpage, perhaps I simply overlooked it and maybe\nanother will see what I did not. Thanks for the efforts applied.\n\n 2. Joanner1949\n\nView May 2, 2012\n\nI love all of your cheese pairings for Cabs. I just read where reds are really\nnot best paired with red wine because of the tannins but it is all about the\njourney and not about the destination. I think you would find most people love\ncheese and red wine. Please check us out at http://www.cheeseboardco for wine\nand cheese accessory items.\n\n 3. Anonymous\n\nView July 12, 2011\n\nis this a book? i need something like this for my job for custumer inf.\n\n 4. Anonymous\n\nView October 7, 2010\n\nLink not working. http://thetrufflespore.com\n\n 5. Anonymous\n\nView October 7, 2010\n\nI have my black truffle farm on the out skirts of a town called Barbastro,\nHuesca, Spain. You should be able to click on my user name to go to my black\ntruffle web page. Cheers\n\n 6. Anonymous\n\nView October 6, 2010\n\nThe original black truffle is always a welcome sight when enjoying cheese & a\nfine bottle of wine. Black truffle farms are a great way to make a living &\nvery profitable too.\n\n * Winemongerreplied:\n\nView October 6, 2010\n\nInteresting! I take it you are a truffel farmer. May I ask where your truffels\ngrow?\n\n 7. Ed\n\nView May 25, 2010\n\nWhich wine would you suggest serving with Spanish Tetilla cheese?\n\n 8. Tambi\n\nView March 15, 2010\n\nI was wondering what to pair with a slightly oaked Late Harvest Chardonnay?\n\n 9. Katherine Tucker\n\nView January 29, 2010\n\nThank you SO much! We hosted a small 2000 Bordeaux tasting tonight. We were to\nhave food, but the caterer cancelled at the last minute. I came here last\nnight to get cheese pairing ideas. All were GREAT. I ended up with: Roquefort\n(I think my fav w/ the wine–the salty flavor really was outstanding) Morbier\nComte Aged English Farmhouse Cheddar Double Cream Brie Guiggesburg Swiss\n\nAll but the swiss I bought at Trader Joe’s along with their house brand water\ncracker and bagette. Also, per your suggestion, we had seedless red grapes on\nthe table.\n\nSome attending didn’t even try the Morbier or Roquefort because they “don’t\nlike blue cheese”. While I would not enjoy it by itself (unlike the other\ncheeses), with the wine I thougt both were heavenly.\n\nI would never have tried these, but for your endorsement. Thank you very much\nfor contributing to an outstanding tasting event.\n\n 10. Emily Schindler Weissman\n\nView January 14, 2010\n\nHello Richard, The fig-and-olive tapenade could be lovely- a nice Cote de\nCastillon often has notes of dried plums, which the fig would certainly bring\nout. For cheese, I would suggest a Cantal, Tomme de Savoie, or Salers. Cheers,\nEmily\n\n 11. Richard\n\nView January 13, 2010\n\nHi Emily,\n\nI have a really nice Cotes de Castillon and would like to pair it with both a\ncheese and maybe a tapenade as well. I have a recipe for a Fig and Olive\ntapenade. Do you think that would be too sweet? I was thinking of an herbed\ngoat cheese with that. But I am totally open to suggestions. What do you\nthink???\n\nThanks so much!\n\nRichard\n\n 12. e.winemonger\n\nView September 13, 2009\n\nHi Dani, Here are some quick recommendations: Sauvignon Blanc – Fresh goat\ncheese Moscato – Taleggio Chardonnay – Alpine shepard cheese Viognier –\nTourmalet White Zinfandel – Havarti Cabernet Sauvignon-Merlot – Chalosse\n\nCheers, Emily\n\n 13. e.winemonger\n\nView September 13, 2009\n\nHi MaryJ, With a sweet Riesling I would recommend great blue-veined cheese.\nPoint Reyes Original Blue would be a fine choice. Cheers, Emily\n\n 14. MaryJ\n\nView September 12, 2009\n\nHello,\n\nI have a Canadian Riesling Dolce wine. What would pair well with it? It is\nquite sweet, unlike most of the other Rieslings I have tried.\n\n 15. Dani\n\nView September 8, 2009\n\nHi, I’m hosting a wine-tasting for my friend’s bridal shower. I need some\nadvice on cheeses to pair with these wines:\n\nSauvignon Blanc Moscato Chardonnay Voignier White Zinfandel Cabernet\nSauvignon-Merlot\n\nThanks!\n\n 16. Daniel Hebert\n\nView July 1, 2009\n\nHi Sarah, for your gorgonzola dolce/mascarpone cheese, I recommend a simple\nChilean Carmenere, specifically the Casillero de Diablo. Let me know what you\ndecided to serve.\n\n 17. Emily Schindler Weissman\n\nView June 28, 2009\n\nHi Sarah, This cheese just screams to be paired with a just-off-dry light\nbodied wine with a zip of acidity. The perfect candidate is the Feiler-\nArtinger Quartett Spatlese: it’s an equal parts cuvee of Pinot Grigio,\nChardonnay, Welschriesling and Pinot Blanc. Go out to our home page and search\nthe catalog with this code: KF026.\n\nBe sure to chill the Spatlese well! And honestly, this may just be one of the\nbest pairings I’ve come across- we will definitely be serving this in the days\nahead.\n\nCheers, Emily\n\n 18. Sarah\n\nView June 28, 2009\n\nHi, I’ve got a gorgonzola dolce/mascarpone cheese and was looking for\nsuggestions for what wine might go well with it? I’ve got a Chablis, but I\nthink it might be too dry for the sweet cheeses. Thanks!\n\n 19. Anna\n\nView May 17, 2009\n\nHi, I’m thinking about having a wine/cheese tasting come together with some\nfriends, and I’ve got some great ideas from the above comments, but I need\nsome help with pairing my favorite wine. I’m not sure which cheese would go\nbest with it, it’s called Lagrein and is a red Italian wine. Any suggestions?\nWould be great\n\n 20. Lisa\n\nView April 27, 2009\n\nWhat cheeses go well with carmenere?\n\n 21. Emily Schindler Weissman\n\nView January 21, 2009\n\nWith the Shiraz, try a nice sharp Cheddar (always so warming when it’s cold\noutside), an Edam, St. Nectaire or a good hearty Gouda. With the CdeP (that’s\nwine geek for Chateauneut de Pape), I’d suggest going more in the direction of\na Camembert, Fourme d’Ambert, d’Affinois or Reblochon. It would make a nice\ndifference from the cheeses you pair with the Shiraz. One more note- I would\nsuggest that your guests sample the CdeP pairing first and then the Shiraz.\nCheers!\n\n 22. Fern\n\nView January 16, 2009\n\nHi, I need some cheeses for a wine tasting early next week. The two wines I’m\nhaving a bit of trouble with are Minor Creek Shiraz and2003 Sabon “Reserve”\nChateauneaf du Pape. Any suggestions would be great.\n\n 23. Deborah\n\nView December 2, 2008\n\nI am holding a wine pairing this weekend and have the following cheese that I\nwant to try and pair with 2 more wines but don’t know which will go together:\n\n-St. Andre -Cambazola -Hubbardston Blue Cow (a surface ripened blue cheese with a very soft and creamy center) -Chocolate Goat Cheese\n\nYour help would be appreciated!\n\n 24. Bob\n\nView August 22, 2008\n\nWhat cheeses do you suggest for: 1) The Beaujolais’? the Nuveau’s? and the\nGamay’s? 2) A Brunello?\n\n 25. Emily Weissman\n\nView July 26, 2008\n\nFirst, my apologies to Ruth, Caren, Joanne & Julie for not responding to their\nquestions! This winemonger was a busy one, but I am back on duty.\n\nCaren: depending upon the style of the Muscadet: fresh & young Muscadets work\nwell with hard goat cheeses, Beaufort d’Alpage and Comté, while vintage\nMuscadets can pair well with Mont Dore, Pont l’Évêque and Epoisse.\n\nJulie: for Rhone style wines I recommend Bleu d’Auvergne, Camembert, Chevrotin\ndes Aravis, Fourme d’Ambert, and Reblochon.\n\nCheryl: it can depend if your Rosé is off-dry or dry, but in general, drier\nRosés pair well with light, fresh cheeses such as mozzarella and fromage\nblanc, while a Rosé that has a touch of residual sugar pairs nicely with a\nhard, aged cheese that has a bit of saltiness, such as a great parmesan,\nasiago or pecorino.\n\n 26. Cheryl\n\nView July 25, 2008\n\nMy husband and I are hosting a wine tasting party in a few weeks. We will be\nserving a rose wine as an appetizer and wanted to pair a cheese with this.\nWhat cheeses would you recommend?\n\n 27. Julie Jones\n\nView May 14, 2008\n\nWe’re trying to pair a rhone style wine with cheese. It’s 60% Petite Sirah,\n16% Zinfandel, 18% Syrah, 6% Carignane. Can you recommend? Thanks!\n\n 28. Joanne Seltz\n\nView April 12, 2008\n\nI am going to Portugal in early fall. What wine would you recommend for a\ncausal sitting on the deck watching the ocean drink? What would you pair with\nit that can be found in the local village? Thanks\n\n 29. Caren\n\nView March 12, 2008\n\nWhat cheese do you recommend for a muscadet?\n\nThanks\n\n 30. Ruth\n\nView December 17, 2007\n\nFeedback on these ideas + other suggestions please for pairings to go with\n\nPinot Gris- Asiago, Ricotta+ Chardonnay-? Brie Pinot noir-Edam Pinotages-?\nRioja-Manchego + Sparkling Shiraz-chocolate mousse? Could I serve blue cheese\nwith any of these or would I need a cab or Port? Thanks for any feedback\n\n 31. e.winemonger\n\nView December 13, 2007\n\nHi Big Red, So this is what I think you should try- DO start with a white, and\nmake it Gruner Veltliner. Not just because that’s my favorite white, but\nbecause it never fails to surprise people, I have never met the person who\ndoesn’t love it, and it starts off this pairing menu perfectly.\n\nGruner Veltliner with Appenzeller -Appenzeller fits the season so well, and a\nbig bodied Gruner stands up to the cheese and to the cooler weather\n\nMerlot with Robiola Bosina -This is a mild cheese, and the effect together\nwill almost clear and prep the palate for the following match-ups, while still\nplaying nicely with one another. Do try to get your hands on a lighter bodied\nMerlot. A light Pinot Noir could work as well. Nothing big and oaky!\n\nCabernet Sauvignon with Reblochon or San Andreas -Big flavors here. Strong\ncheeses and full-bodied wine. This is kind of the meal in the set, while the\ntriple cream cheeses also lend a lovely decandent feeling to the affair.\n\nPort and Stilton -Yes, a great standby. And again- it really fits the season.\n\nAlongside the cheese you could serve slices of baguette and water crackers. I\nwould avoid any kind of whole grain or vegetable or flavored cracker of any\nsort. That said, the cracked pepper water crackers can work. And Carr’s also\nmakes a wheat biscuit cracker thing- are they called whole wheat crackers or\nwheatmeal?- that would work nicely with the port/stilton and cab/reblochon.\n\nSome fruits work, some don’t. Stay away from citrus with these pairings. No\nmelons. Grapes always work. Some slices of ripe persimmon could be nice.\n\nHappy Holidays!\n\n 32. Big Red\n\nView December 13, 2007\n\nWe are looking to do our first wine/cheese pairing party and are looking for a\nfew 3-4 good proven matches to go with.\n\nPort /Stilton has made our initial list as we’ve had this pairing before and\nloved it.\n\nMost everyone in our group loves red wine so we lean towards big reds but\nwould be willing to consider a white in the mix.\n\nAlso, what do you recommend we serve the cheese on (water crackers, whole\ngrain crackers, etc.)?\n\nFinally, would you add fruit tot he tasting and if so what would you\nrecommend?\n\nWe love wine and cheese and want to learn more about pairing them, thanks for\nbearing with our elementary questions.\n\n 33. e.winemonger\n\nView December 13, 2007\n\nHi Kayla, You know what? It’s the holidays- so I say break out a sparkling\nItalian wine to go with that Robiola. Spumante? I say yes! Otherwise, go for a\nwhite that has some character, but not a whole lot of overwhelming oakiness.\n\n 34. Kayla\n\nView December 12, 2007\n\nI have a cheese and wine tasting comming up this weekend. It’s all Italian\nthemed. I have a Fontina D’Aosta, a Pecorino Foglie Noce, and a Robiola\nBosina. I’m having a hard time with the Robiola...I want it to be a really\ngreat match, but the cheese is so simple. Any suggestions???\n\n 35. Hank\n\nView November 28, 2007\n\nHi,\n\nWhat non-Spanish cheeses would you pair with some Spanish varietals (albarino,\ntempranillo, verdejo)? I can see Manchego with a Rioja, Iberes with a verdejo,\na Mahon with a tempranillo too. The reds may be either joven or crianza. Also,\nanother possible red is a Spanish cabernet franc. Thanks in advance.\n\n 36. e.winemonger\n\nView November 22, 2007\n\nHi Petronio, I say all triple cream cheeses pair great with sparkling wines,\nand for me, I would say especially with very dry sparkling wines. Otherwise,\ndo try some of the other cheeses I have recommended above. The mild cheddar is\na neat pairing!\n\nFor the white Burgundy, you can of course refer to the Chardonnay pairings. A\ngreat rule of thumb is picking a cheese from the specific area your wine hails\nfrom (some Burgundian cheeses include Epoisses, Citeaux, and Aisy Cendre).\nOtherwise, a goat cheese will usually work nicely with these wines (such as\nthe Crottin de Chavignol)\n\nIf what you have is a Burgundy Aligoté, then pair with Charolais or Maconnais.\n\nBon Appétit!\n\n 37. e.winemonger\n\nView November 22, 2007\n\nHello Lynda, In addition to the cheeses I have previously suggested for the\nwines you are drinking, I would try these:\n\nSonoma Red Zinfandel: pair with cheddar or a blue goat cheese. But really, a\nSonoma dry jack works wonderfully well.\n\nBordeaux 100% Merlots: pair with aged gouda, manchego, or Mont Veronese.\n\nBordeaux blends from St. Emilion: pair with Cantal, Comte, Reblochon or Tomme\nde Savoie\n\nMore Côtes Du Rhônes: pair with Coulommiers, Gaperon, and even Brie.\n\nCheers!\n\n 38. Petronio\n\nView November 21, 2007\n\nI need to pair cheeses with a white burgundy wine (Gran Cru) and with\nchampagne.\n\nFor the white burgundy I researched and found that the best matches are:\nImpromptu, Acapella, and Melange. Maybe Rondo and Nocture. However, these are\nprobaby hard to find in short notice. Any other suggestions?\n\nWhat about the champagne. I know it is very versatile and would probably go\nfine with most cheeses. Any preferred best matches though? I like St Andres\nand Savorin Brillat. Are these a safe bet? Any other suggestions?\n\nThanks!\n\nPetronio\n\n 39. Lynda Dukacz\n\nView November 21, 2007\n\nHi\n\nI need to know what cheeses best match the folowing wines please: Red\nZinfandel – Sonama Valley Merlot – Bordeaux France Saint Emilion – Bordeaux –\nFrance and more cheese suggestions for Cote Du Rhone- France many thanks Lynda\n\n 40. e.winemonger\n\nView November 20, 2007\n\nHi Rhonda, My ideal wine line-up for these cheese would be a Muscat Spatlese,\na couple of dessert wines in the Beerenauslese and Ice Wine realms, and some\nsparkling wines.\n\nWhite stilton is not a blue cheese. It’s more of a creamy, plain cheese which\nis why you find it blended with various fruits. It’s this blank-canvas-\nstudded-with-fruit personality that makes it such a lovely pair with a nice\ndessert wine – with the fruit bringing out those notes in the wine, and the\ncheese not being overpowering.\n\nMeanwhile, both brie and a sharp cheddar pair nicely with sparkling wines\n(Champagne, cava, sekt, etc.). The port cheddar would, of course, pair even\nbetter with a port wine- but in the overall scope of the cheeses here, a\nswitch to port against the sparkling wine & dessert wines wouldn’t work so\nwell.\n\nAll that said, you mentioned that this is for a work event. If you don’t think\nthey will go for the dessert wines (although, in my experience, while people\nSAY they don’t like them, they are ALWAYS happy when they actually try them!),\nI would suggest you serve some sparkling wine and a white wine such as a Pinot\nBlanc or Chardonnay.\n\nI hope you have a lovely event!\n\n 41. rhonda shaffer\n\nView November 19, 2007\n\nwhat wines go with brie, brie with pepper white stilton with lemon peel, white\nstilton with blueberries and sharp cheddar with port wine? this is for work I\nknow cheese but not wine thanks\n\n 42. e.winemonger\n\nView November 10, 2007\n\nAs a general rule, I recommend pairing a medium bodied red or white wine with\nnaked goat cheese. This is a Spanish cheese made from raw milk that has been\naged for 6 months, and it packs a good tang of flavor along with a lovely\ncreaminess.\n\nWith paive, I always like a good Italian red (this cheese is from Italy), such\nas a Nebbiolo or Sangiovese. However, we did a wine and cheese pairing course\nwhere I specifically paired this cheese up with the Wenzel Bandkraften\nBlaufrankisch and the results were beautiful.\n\nThe 2002 vintage of the Wenzel Blaufrankisch would be an excellent choice for\nboth cheeses. It shows more elegance than the preceding vintage, and that\nelement will keep it from overpowering the naked goat, while the inherent\nspiciness of the grape will give it the kick it needs to pair with the piave.\nIf you want to go with one of the Italian wines, I would lean towards the\nSangiovese.\n\ncheers!\n\n 43. j\n\nView November 10, 2007\n\nwhat is a good wine to pair with naked goat cheese? and paive cheese? Your\nsuggestions is greatly appreciated. thank you\n\n 44. Giselle\n\nView September 21, 2007\n\nHi, having a party this weekend and what would you recommend with Syrah and\nPinot Gris?? cheeses and appetizers?? First pairing party, help!\n\n 45. e.winemonger\n\nView August 18, 2007\n\nHi Laura, You’re absolutely right- we do need a Rose section. I am a big fan\nof these wines, and am very happy to see their resurgence in popularity. In\nfact, we will be importing a wonderful Zweigelt Rose from the Feiler-Artinger\nwinery that I am certain will become a crowd favorite.\n\nAnd now to which cheeses. As with the fresh chevre, I stand by my suggestion\nfor a lighter styled cheese. Some others would include Mozzarella and fromage\nblanc. If the Rose has a touch of residual sugar, you could pair it nicely\nwith a hard, aged cheese that has a bit of saltiness, such as a great\nparmesan, asiago or pecorino.\n\nFinally, try pairing with a cheese from the same region as the wine, following\nthe above profiles for the choice of cheese (i.e. fresh and light or lightly\nsalty)\n\nI hope you will let us know what you chose, and which worked best!\n\n 46. Laura\n\nView August 18, 2007\n\nI am having a Rose’ tasting at my wine shop. Would love to see Rose’ as a\ncatergory here. Many of my customers are discovering these wines due to recent\ngood press. What else besides goat cheese would you recommend with these dry\nwines? Thank you!\n\n 47. e.winemonger\n\nView April 30, 2007\n\nHello Maria, Mourvedre wines pair very well with cheeses that are goat milk\nbased. For the rose, go with a lighter style. And then of course something\nmore intense with the 2004 – perhaps Chabichou du Poitou (good brands to seek\nout are Le Chevrot from Sevre-et-Belle and Chabis from Soreda or Desport.)\nYour local cheesemonger can point out all of the goats milk cheeses that they\ncarry.\n\n 48. e.winemonger\n\nView April 30, 2007\n\nHello Sal, Here are my recommendations-\n\nParrano: A red wine such as a California or Oregon Pinot Noir, a Chianti or a\nZinfandel.\n\nRicotta Salata: Find a Pinot Gris with just a touch higher residual sugar. Not\na sweet wine, but something to complement the Salata of the Ricotta. It’s a\nshame we are sold out on the Wenzel Pinot Gris 2001, as it would have been\njust perfect. Try looking for an Alsatian version.\n\nMontasio: Either Merlot or Pinot Blanc.\n\nSardo: An Argentinian wine from the same region as the cheese is always a good\nbet, or a Barbera or Zinfandel.\n\nAged Cheddar with Black Truffle: Tempranillo, Gamay, Port, or serve it first\nwith some sparkling wine.\n\nAged Cheddar with Green Peppercorns: You want a rich white or red wine. For\nthe white, I would highly recommend a Smaragd Gruner Veltliner or the lightly\noaked Melusine Gruner Veltliner. You’ll have the full-body you need and then\nthe pepper will pick up on the finish very nicely. For red, go with one that\nshows off a bit of spice- a Zinfandel, Shiraz or Zweigelt.\n\nCheers!\n\n 49. Sal\n\nView April 30, 2007\n\nHello, I was wondering what wines would go well with Parrano Cheese, Ricotta\nSalata, Montasio, Argentinian Sardo Cheese, Savello, Aged Cheddar with Black\nTruffles, and Aged Cheddar With Green Peppercorns. Thanks, it is very\nimportant.\n\n 50. Maria\n\nView April 24, 2007\n\nOkay I have to wines from Cline Cellars – a 2004 Mourvedre & a 2006 Mourvedre\nRose. What cheeses can I pair with theses.\n\nthanks\n\n 51. e.winemonger\n\nView April 18, 2007\n\nHello Natasha, I can make a few recommendations, and as you know your wine,\nyou can probably make a good pick from them.\n\nA raw cow’s milk cheese from Burgundy, either double or triple creme, could be\nvery nice. Perhaps a Soumaintrain or Saint-Florentin.\n\nA Dutch cheese from one of these cheesemakers- Arina, Benning or Darcy- could\nalso work. They have a slight, peppery finish that could complement the wine\nwell.\n\nTwo other cow’s milk cheeses come to mind, both made by monks: Chimay and\nPierre-Qui-Vire. They can be tough to find, though.\n\nPlease let us know what you choose and how it worked!\n\n 52. Natasha\n\nView April 17, 2007\n\nHi,\n\nI’m doing a pairing with Petite Sirah and would like recommendations for\ncheese. The wine is not very tannic, an easy drinking Petite. I can’t find any\ninfo. on pairing suggestions. Help!\n\n 53. e.winemonger\n\nView April 4, 2007\n\nAh! Le Caussenard. This cheese comes from the cheese producing area called the\nCausses, which is in a region called Rouergue, better known as being the\nbirthplace of Roquefort. As this is the Languedoc, the easy answer is to first\ntry a wine produced from there. With aged sheep’s milk cheeses in general, I\nlike a good Zweigelt or Shiraz. Cheers!\n\n 54. chef paul\n\nView April 4, 2007\n\nGreat site! I just received a new cheese from igourmet called Le Caussenard;\nan aged sheep cheese from Languedoc. Any suggestions? Thanks\n\n 55. e.winemonger\n\nView February 9, 2007\n\nSo I have officially added Malbec to the guide, including your fine suggestion\nfor pairing Iberico. Thanks!\n\n 56. Patty\n\nView February 8, 2007\n\nThank you for the suggestions to pair with Malbec! I had some Malbec this past\nweekend and the hostess served it with IBERICO and Marcona almonds! VERY\nYUMMY!!\n\n 57. e.winemonger\n\nView February 8, 2007\n\nWow! Those sound amazing. I would foremost suggest you take your pairing clues\nfrom the flavorings (unless the cheddar is completely dominant).\n\nWhat you want to do is try to pair the flavor with a wine that also has hints\nof that note either in its bouquet or on the palate.\n\nHere are a few suggestions:\n\nWith the dill & garlic, try a very big Sauvignon Blanc that has seen some oak\naging. If it’s too light-bodied, it won’t stand up to the cheddar and garlic,\nand might even toss a bitter taste. But there are some out there that I have\ntried that could do the job. The Sabathi Mervielleux is an example that we\ncarry, but there are others.\n\nWith the cloves-cardomon-caraway, go with a dessert wine that is crafted from\nthe Scheurebe grape (AKA Samling 88 in some countries). When made into a late-\nharvest wine, this varietal is known for its almost mango chutney note, which\nwill bring out the cardamom and caraway in a really neat way.\n\nWith the thyme cheddar, I would suggest one of the Austrian red wine blends\nthat use Blaufrankisch and Zweigelt. I base this on my experience of pairing\nthese wines with a dish made from roasted squash and thyme. The dish happens\nto have a lot of butter, so something about the sharp, creaminess along with\nthe thyme makes me think the same wine would pair with that cheese.\n\nSome other quick suggestions off the cuff: Red peppers w/onion: Shiraz (Syrah)\n\nCracked pepper: Gruner Veltliner!\n\nSweet Basil: If it’s a white cheddar, then Chardonnay or Pinot Blanc could\nwork.\n\nSage: Cotes du Rhone red.\n\nSun-dried tomato & basil: Again, if it’s white cheddar, maybe Pinot Grigio. A\nstrong cheddar leans towards an Italian red.\n\nI hope you’ll let us know which pairings worked!\n\n 58. Ronda\n\nView February 8, 2007\n\nI have some artisan handcrafted flavored cheddars that I need help pairing\nwith. Some of the flavors are as follows: Dill &garlic, Red peppers w/onion,\nSweet basil, cracked pepper, cloves-cardomon-caraway, thyme, sage, sun-dried\ntomato & basil. Any suggestions? Or stick to cheddar as a base, or pair wines\nwith the flavorings?\n\n 59. e.winemonger\n\nView February 8, 2007\n\nHi Katrina, As you might notice from an earlier comment, I think it pairs\nnicely with Taleggio, Manchego, or some Cashel Blue.\n\nPlease stop back by and let us know if these worked for you-\n\n 60. KATRINA\n\nView February 8, 2007\n\nWhat about a pairing for a good malbec?\n\n 61. e.winemonger\n\nView January 24, 2007\n\nHi Patty, Try it with some Cashel Blue cheese from Ireland, or a Taleggio, or\neven a Manchego.\n\nI’ll have to add these to the guide! Thanks for asking.\n\n 62. Patty\n\nView January 23, 2007\n\nHi...What would you recommend pairing with a Malbec?\n\n 63. Daniel Hebert\n\nView October 28, 2006\n\nThanks for replying. Subsequently to posying my questioning, I found a website\nthat recommended on Italian Gorgonzola so that’s what we paired with the\nCasillero de Diablo Carmenere. Gorgonzola, along with France’s Roquefort and\nBritain’s Stilton, are perhaps the world’s three most popular blue cheeses.\nGorgonzola has a smooth, creamy texture and is made with whole milk. I must\nadmit that the Gorgonzola was a little too bold for me and pairing it with the\nCarmenere was perhaps a bad choice.\n\n 64. e.winemonger\n\nView October 27, 2006\n\nHello Daniel- If I’m not mistaken, the Casillero de Diablo also has a bit of\nCabernet Sauvignon and Syrah in the blend, which add some slight cocoa and\ncurrent notes to what is predominantly a spicy, berry laden wine. That all\nsaid, I would recommend giving a Gouda, Edam, Cheddar or any smoked cheese a\ntry. Please let us know how it worked!\n\n 65. Daniel Hebert\n\nView September 16, 2006\n\nWhat cheese do you recommend for an Chilean Caremere, specifically the\nCasillero de Diablo?\n\n 66. wine\n\nView August 21, 2006\n\nFantastic and very informative piece on wine and cheese. I have a wine website\nand will linkback to this post for my visitors. Very educational material,\nthanks!\n\n 67. e.winemonger\n\nView August 7, 2006\n\nHi Sara- It would depend upon where your white Merlot hails from, as Napa\nwhite Merlots tend to be sweeter than their French counterparts. If it is on\nthe off-dry to sweetish side, I would recommend to drink it chilled and pair\nit with any of the selections given for Muscat (in particular, Gorgonzola\nshould work well.) If it’s a bit drier, I would try a Swiss or smoked jack\ncheese. As for fruits- pour some in a glass and give it a good swirl, sniff\nand sip. Try to pick out some of the fruit notes it’s showing, and then pair\nit with that fruit to further bring out that note.\n\n 68. Sara\n\nView August 7, 2006\n\nI have a white merlot and was wondering what I should pair with it when it\ncomes to cheeses and fruits?\n\n 69. e.winemonger\n\nView July 26, 2006\n\nRuss- I have added Viognier, so that’s a start. One cheese which I think pairs\nwell with a red Côtes Du Rhône is Coulommiers, and as Syrah is one of the\ngrapes generally used in a Côtes Du Rhône blend, you might try those cheese\nsuggestions! But I’ll have more ideas soon...\n\n 70. Russ\n\nView July 25, 2006\n\nThank you! And thanks for listing the proper cheeses for Gewürztraminer, for\nwhich I’ll be conducting a tasting 2 nights from now.\n\n 71. e.winemonger\n\nView July 25, 2006\n\nand Côtes Du Rhônes after that....\n\n 72. e.winemonger\n\nView July 25, 2006\n\nHi Julia- I have added some pairings for Barbera, Sangiovese and Nebbiolo, and\nI will add more soon!\n\n 73. Russ\n\nView July 25, 2006\n\nOr Côtes Du Rhônes?\n\n 74. Julia\n\nView July 21, 2006\n\nWhat about cheeses to go with Italian reds?\n\n * Winemonger Talk Blog\n * Estates\n * -Austria\n * -France\n * -Germany\n * -Italy\n * -USA\n * Zalto Glassware\n * Grapes\n * Regions\n\n#### NEWSLETTER\n\n * About Winemonger\n * Customer Service\n * Contact Us\n\n#### WINE SHIPPING\n\n#### Pick your state!\n\n * Shipping Restrictions\n * Wine Shipping Charges\n\n * Customer Service\n * Shipping Restrictions\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Q & A\n * Terms & Conditions\n\n© Copyright 2016 Winemonger.com. All Rights Reserved. XHTML CSS | All prices\nsubject to change without prior notice.\n\nWinemonger Talk powered by WordPress.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.foodandwine.com/articles/wine-101-merlot", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200121033312/https://www.foodandwine.com/articles/wine-101-merlot", "parsed_text": { "title": "Wine 101: Merlot", "passages": [ "Though it’s taken some abuse in the wake of the film Sideways, Merlot remains a classic grape that produces delicious wines. The most widely planted grape in France’s Bordeaux region isn’t Cabernet Sauvignon; it’s Merlot.", "Good Merlots are made in France, Italy, Chile, the United States and Australia, and all of them tend to share supple, velvety tannins and round black cherry or plum flavors. Merlot pairs beautifully with many foods—try it with pâtés or other charcuterie, pork or veal roasts, rich, cheesy gratins and even hamburgers. That’s because Merlot blends so well with other grapes, and also because of its fruity, easy-drinking character.", "Food & Wine is part of the Meredith Corporation Allrecipes Food Group. © Copyright 2019 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Data Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab EU Data Subject Requeststhis link opens in a new tab Cookie Preferencesthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "Wine 101: Merlot | Food & Wine\n\n## Explore Food & Wine\n\nFood & Wine Food & Wine\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Profile\n\n### Your Profile\n\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Wine Club\n * Podcast\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow us\n\n# Wine 101: Merlot\n\nThough it’s taken some abuse in the wake of the film Sideways, Merlot remains\na classic grape that produces delicious wines. The most widely planted grape\nin France’s Bordeaux region isn’t Cabernet Sauvignon; it’s Merlot.\n\nBy Food & Wine\n\nOctober 17, 2011\n\nPin FB\n\nTwitter Email Send Text Message Print\n\nGood Merlots are made in France, Italy, Chile, the United States and\nAustralia, and all of them tend to share supple, velvety tannins and round\nblack cherry or plum flavors. Merlot pairs beautifully with many foods—try it\nwith pâtés or other charcuterie, pork or veal roasts, rich, cheesy gratins and\neven hamburgers. That’s because Merlot blends so well with other grapes, and\nalso because of its fruity, easy-drinking character.\n\n## Lively, Fruity Merlot\n\n### Top Bottles\n\n * Falesco (Italy)\n * Columbia Crest Grand Estates (Washington State)\n * Blackstone Winery (California)\n\n### Recipe Pairings\n\n * Caesar Salad with Meatballs\n * Grilled Beef with Sesame Dressing »\n * Hamburgers with Chowchow\n\n## Deep, Velvety Merlot\n\n### Top Bottles\n\n * Paloma Vineyard (California)\n * Geyser Peak Winery Shorenstein Vineyard (California)\n * Pepper Bridge Winery (Washington State)\n * Shafer (California)\n\n### Recipe Pairings\n\n * Grilled Pork Chops with Orange Barbecue Sauce\n * Scallion-and-Brie-Stuffed Burgers »\n * Tenderloin with Sake-Mirin Butter\n\n## More Expert Wine Advice\n\n### Features and Columns\n\n * Merlot Missionary: Washington State\n * Bargain Bordeaux and Luxurious Dinners: Right Bank\n * The Best of Napa\n\n### Video\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Share options\n\nFood & Wine\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * Myrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * Mywedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nFood & Wine is part of the Meredith Corporation Allrecipes Food Group. ©\nCopyright 2019 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis\nlink opens in a new tab Data Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of\nServicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab EU\nData Subject Requeststhis link opens in a new tab Cookie Preferencesthis link\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.foodandwine.com\n\n## View image\n\nWine 101: Merlot\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n" } ]
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How To Fix a Wobbling Ceiling Fan
To fix a wobbling ceiling fan, check and tighten all of the visible screws on your fan. This includes the screws holding the blades and any connections between the light and the fan. You should also remove the canopy where the fan attaches to the ceiling and tighten any screws there, as well as any screws where the rod coming from the ceiling attaches to the body of the fan. Make sure the fan is switched off or the circuit breaker to the room is turned off before you work on the fan. If tightening the screws didn’t work, read on to learn how to check whether your fan blades are unbalanced!
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20190125105112/https://www.familyhandyman.com/ceiling/how-to-fix-a-wobbly-ceiling-fan/view-all/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190125105116/https://www.familyhandyman.com/electrical/how-to-balance-a-ceiling-fan/view-all/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518173254/https://faninfo.com/ceiling_fans_balance.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210826180642/https://todayshomeowner.com/video/how-to-fix-an-out-of-balance-ceiling-fan/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210822182300/https://todayshomeowner.com/how-to-stop-wobble-and-vibration-in-a-paddle-ceiling-fan/" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.familyhandyman.com/ceiling/how-to-fix-a-wobbly-ceiling-fan/view-all/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190125105112/https://www.familyhandyman.com/ceiling/how-to-fix-a-wobbly-ceiling-fan/view-all/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Fix a Wobbly Ceiling Fan: Ceiling Fan Repair", "passages": [ "Ceiling fans often wobble for reasons other than balance. Although a slight wobble (1/8 in. on high) is normal, anything more than that can be not only an annoyance but also a sign of hidden danger. We'll show you how to troubleshoot.", "A properly mounted fan will be attached to a fan-rated box, mounted either on a 2×4 with lag screws or to an adjustable fan brace.", "If there is no fan brace or you can’t tighten the existing fan brace—or if the box is the wrong type—install an adjustable fan brace.", "Unfortunately, many ceiling fans have been installed on electrical boxes designed for light fixtures, not the fan-rated boxes required by code. This means the fan is attached to a box that isn’t designed for the additional load. A fan installed this way could eventually come crashing down.", "A properly mounted fan will be attached to a fan-rated box, mounted either on a 2×4 with lag screws or to an adjustable fan brace. To be certain how the fan is mounted, you may ultimately need to make a trip to the attic. But first loosen the bracket housing and take a look from below. A fan-rated box is usually so labeled, and you’ll usually see hexagonal heads of lag bolts attaching it to a wood brace, or U-bolts attaching it to a metal brace.", "Next, test the fan support bracket for sturdiness. If you can move the bracket easily, tighten it. If you can’t tighten it, or if the box is the wrong type, install an adjustable fan brace (available at home centers).", "Test all bolts and screws for tightness, especially where the fan blades attach to the blade iron and where the blade irons mount to the motor spindle.", "Check the blades and blade irons with a story board. Hold the story board in a single spot, bring each blade end to it, and mark each spot. The variance should be less than 1/4 in. Typically, manufacturers will replace warped blades or bent blade irons.", "If none of the fixes above solve the problem, try balancing the blades. Balancing kits are available at lighting stores, but you can also use coins. Start by taping a dime to the middle of a single blade and turning the fan on high. Repeat this test for each blade until you find the one where the wobble starts to lessen. Then move the coin up and down the blade, trying heavier coins as necessary, until you find the optimal balance." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Fix a Wobbly Ceiling Fan: Ceiling Fan Repair | The Family Handyman\n\nSkip links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * Storage & Organization\n\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Tool Set Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Tip App\n\nHome\n\n * Organizing\n * Plumbing\n * Electrical\n * Videos\n * Win a Tool Set\n\nStart now! Build your skills with online classes from the pros at DIY\nUniversity›\n\n#### Ceiling\n\n# How to Fix a Wobbly Ceiling Fan: Ceiling Fan Repair\n\n## Don't let your ceiling fan go on a rampage.\n\nNext Project›\n\nCeiling fans often wobble for reasons other than balance. Although a slight\nwobble (1/8 in. on high) is normal, anything more than that can be not only an\nannoyance but also a sign of hidden danger. We'll show you how to\ntroubleshoot.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\nYou might also like: TBD\n\n## Make sure the fan is mounted on a fan-rated electrical box\n\n### Check the box\n\nA properly mounted fan will be attached to a fan-rated box, mounted either on\na 2×4 with lag screws or to an adjustable fan brace.\n\n### Install a fan brace\n\nIf there is no fan brace or you can’t tighten the existing fan brace—or if the\nbox is the wrong type—install an adjustable fan brace.\n\nUnfortunately, many ceiling fans have been installed on electrical boxes\ndesigned for light fixtures, not the fan-rated boxes required by code. This\nmeans the fan is attached to a box that isn’t designed for the additional\nload. A fan installed this way could eventually come crashing down.\n\nA properly mounted fan will be attached to a fan-rated box, mounted either on\na 2×4 with lag screws or to an adjustable fan brace. To be certain how the fan\nis mounted, you may ultimately need to make a trip to the attic. But first\nloosen the bracket housing and take a look from below. A fan-rated box is\nusually so labeled, and you’ll usually see hexagonal heads of lag bolts\nattaching it to a wood brace, or U-bolts attaching it to a metal brace.\n\nNext, test the fan support bracket for sturdiness. If you can move the bracket\neasily, tighten it. If you can’t tighten it, or if the box is the wrong type,\ninstall an adjustable fan brace (available at home centers).\n\n## If the fan box is OK, perform these three simple checks for a quick fan fix\n\n### Check the blades and blade irons\n\nCheck for height variance of the blades and blade irons with a story board.\n\n 1. Make sure the tooth on the fan support bracket is resting in the slot on the ball joint.\n 2. Test all bolts and screws for tightness, especially where the fan blades attach to the blade iron and where the blade irons mount to the motor spindle.\n 3. Check the blades and blade irons with a story board. Hold the story board in a single spot, bring each blade end to it, and mark each spot. The variance should be less than 1/4 in. Typically, manufacturers will replace warped blades or bent blade irons.\n\n## Balance the blades\n\nIf none of the fixes above solve the problem, try balancing the blades.\nBalancing kits are available at lighting stores, but you can also use coins.\nStart by taping a dime to the middle of a single blade and turning the fan on\nhigh. Repeat this test for each blade until you find the one where the wobble\nstarts to lessen. Then move the coin up and down the blade, trying heavier\ncoins as necessary, until you find the optimal balance.\n\n## Similar Projects\n\n14 Ways to Cover a Hideous Ceiling\n\nHow to Handle Full-Span Ceiling Truss Problems\n\nHow to Install a Tongue and Groove Ceiling\n\nDrop Ceiling Installation Tips: How to Install Drop Ceiling Tiles\n\nWith Ceiling Fans, You Get What You Pay For\n\nHow to Paint Popcorn Ceilings\n\nThe Best Tools for Popcorn Ceiling Removal\n\nHow to Cut Ceiling Tiles\n\nWhy Remove Popcorn Ceiling When You Can Cover It With Drywall\n\nOriginally Published on sitename.com\n\n## Popular How-To Videos\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n##### Read Next\n\n14 Ways to Cover a Hideous Ceiling\n\nHow to Handle Full-Span Ceiling Truss Problems\n\nHow to Install a Tongue and Groove Ceiling\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDIY projects to your inbox\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nDIY projects to your inbox\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * OneMain Financial Services\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2019 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDo It Right, Do It Yourself!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.familyhandyman.com/electrical/how-to-balance-a-ceiling-fan/view-all/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190125105116/https://www.familyhandyman.com/electrical/how-to-balance-a-ceiling-fan/view-all/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Balance a Ceiling Fan", "passages": [ "We show you how to adjust and balance your ceiling fan blades to stop the wobble and rattle. Get your fan running smoothly again in 15 minutes.", "If your ceiling fan wobbles and makes more racket than an unbalanced washing machine load, read on; we've got the fix for you. Ceiling fan wobble is caused by imbalances in the fan blades or blade holders, misalignment of blades, excess dust accumulation or just loose blade holder mounting screws. Restore your fan to its smooth-running days of old before you wear down the moving parts. Plus: With ceiling fans, you get what you pay for. Learn more here.", "First, make sure all the blades are tightly screwed into the blade holder, and the blade holder is firmly screwed into the fan flywheel. Remove any dust or buildup from the fan blades with a household cleaner. Run the fan to check the wobble and to dry the fan blades. If the wobble persists, one of the blades may be out of alignment.", "Check blade alignment with a yardstick by measuring the distance from the edge of any blade to the ceiling with a yardstick (most blades are angled, so be sure to measure on the same side of all the blades), and make a note of the distance. Hold the yardstick still and rotate the blades around to measure the other blades. If any blade is out of alignment, gently bend the blade holder up or down until the blade is in line with the others.", "Turn the fan on to see if it spins smoothly. If it still wobbles, pick up a blade balancing kit from a hardware store or home center. The balancing clip will balance the fan blades, eliminating the wobble.", "Slide the balancing clip on the trailing edge of any blade, halfway between the holder and tip. Run the fan to check the wobble. Repeat with each blade, noting which one most reduced the wobble, then slide the clip in small increments away from the center of that blade. Move the clip, operate the fan, then move it again until you eliminate as much wobble as possible.", "Peel off the backing and stick the adhesive-backed balancing weight on the top center of the blade directly in line with the balancing clip. Add more weight if needed to get a smooth-running fan." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Balance a Ceiling Fan | The Family Handyman\n\nSkip links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to footer\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * Storage & Organization\n\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Tool Set Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Tip App\n\nHome\n\n * Organizing\n * Plumbing\n * Electrical\n * Videos\n * Win a Tool Set\n\nStart now! Build your skills with online classes from the pros at DIY\nUniversity›\n\n#### Electrical\n\n# How to Balance a Ceiling Fan\n\n## Stop the wobble and make your fan run smoothly in 15 minutes.\n\nCourtesy of the Family Handyman\n\nNext Project\n\n## Introduction\n\nWe show you how to adjust and balance your ceiling fan blades to stop the\nwobble and rattle. Get your fan running smoothly again in 15 minutes.\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n## Tools Required\n\n 1. Yardstick\n\n## Materials Required\n\n 1. Fan blade balancing kit\n\n## Balance the Ceiling Fan Blades\n\nIf your ceiling fan wobbles and makes more racket than an unbalanced washing\nmachine load, read on; we've got the fix for you. Ceiling fan wobble is caused\nby imbalances in the fan blades or blade holders, misalignment of blades,\nexcess dust accumulation or just loose blade holder mounting screws. Restore\nyour fan to its smooth-running days of old before you wear down the moving\nparts. Plus: With ceiling fans, you get what you pay for. Learn more here.\n\n##### Read Next\n\n10 Silent Signs Your House has a Major Electrical Problem\n\nHome Wiring Demystified: Electrical Cable Basics You Need to Know\n\nHow to Install a Ceiling Fan Remote\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\n## Project step-by-step (4)\n\nStep 1\n\n## Make Sure the Blades are Straight\n\nFirst, make sure all the blades are tightly screwed into the blade holder, and\nthe blade holder is firmly screwed into the fan flywheel. Remove any dust or\nbuildup from the fan blades with a household cleaner. Run the fan to check the\nwobble and to dry the fan blades. If the wobble persists, one of the blades\nmay be out of alignment.\n\nCheck blade alignment with a yardstick by measuring the distance from the edge\nof any blade to the ceiling with a yardstick (most blades are angled, so be\nsure to measure on the same side of all the blades), and make a note of the\ndistance. Hold the yardstick still and rotate the blades around to measure the\nother blades. If any blade is out of alignment, gently bend the blade holder\nup or down until the blade is in line with the others.\n\nStep 2\n\n## Slide on the Balancing Clip\n\nTurn the fan on to see if it spins smoothly. If it still wobbles, pick up a\nblade balancing kit from a hardware store or home center. The balancing clip\nwill balance the fan blades, eliminating the wobble.\n\nSlide the balancing clip on the trailing edge of any blade, halfway between\nthe holder and tip. Run the fan to check the wobble. Repeat with each blade,\nnoting which one most reduced the wobble, then slide the clip in small\nincrements away from the center of that blade. Move the clip, operate the fan,\nthen move it again until you eliminate as much wobble as possible.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDo It Right, Do It Yourself!\n\nStep 3\n\n## Set a Weight\n\nPeel off the backing and stick the adhesive-backed balancing weight on the top\ncenter of the blade directly in line with the balancing clip. Add more weight\nif needed to get a smooth-running fan.\n\nStep 4\n\n## Balancing Clips\n\nThe balancing kit contains the blade clip plus several adhesive-backed\nweights.\n\nPlus, it's easier than you think to install a ceiling fan, even on an angled\nceiling.\n\n## Similar Projects\n\n10 Silent Signs Your House has a Major Electrical Problem\n\nHome Wiring Demystified: Electrical Cable Basics You Need to Know\n\nHow to Install a Ceiling Fan Remote\n\nBest Electrical Tape\n\n2 Must-Have Tools for DIY Electrical Work\n\nLearn from the Pros: 2 Wire-Splicing Methods\n\nThe Correct Way to Install a Light Bulb\n\nThe Ultimate Guide for Holiday Lighting\n\nSevere Weather Guide: Emergency Power Generators\n\nHow to Choose the Best USB Outlet for Your Home or Garage\n\n7 Common Mistakes DIYers Make with Electrical Projects\n\n10 Things Your Electrician Wants You to Know\n\nHow To Strip Wire the Safe Way\n\nThis Tool Makes Twisting Wires So Much Easier\n\nAluminum Wiring Can Be Hazardous, Here’s What to do About It\n\nEasy Knob-and-Tube Insulation Fix\n\nHow to Use Pocket Change to Determine Wire Sizes\n\nDon’t Make This Dangerous Mistake with Fuses in Your Electrical Panel\n\nThis Nifty Trick Will Fix an Extension Cord for Only $4\n\nWith Ceiling Fans, You Get What You Pay For\n\n## Popular How-To Videos\n\nOriginally Published on sitename.com\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\nDIY projects to your inbox\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nDIY projects to your inbox\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * OneMain Financial Services\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2019 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDo It Right, Do It Yourself!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://faninfo.com/ceiling_fans_balance.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518173254/https://faninfo.com/ceiling_fans_balance.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ceiling Fans Balance", "passages": [ "When ceiling fans shake REAL bad, that is an indication that one of a number of things can be wrong. CEILING FANS that shake can be scary.", "First, if the ceiling fan did work fine at one time but now it is shaking: Loose blades on CEILING FANS can cause a problem.", "Check for loose blades and loose connection between the rod and the fan body. If the blades are all tight, and the rod is tight at the ceiling fan body, check the mounting at the ceiling to make sure that it is secure. If this is OK and it is a four blade ceiling fan, then stand out away from the fan and point any one blade toward you. Look at the blade directly opposite it and see if they are basically in a straight line. If so, rotate the blades 90 degrees and do the same for the other two blades. If they line up, then you probably have a balance problem. If they don't, then you have a bent blade and this must be corrected before balancing. Usually after looking closely, you can tell which blade is bent and which way it needs to go back. Most ceiling fans have blade arms made of a pewter like material which will break easily when bent excessively. So be careful! If it brakes, then you need a new set of blade arms. If you have a five blade ceiling fan, then you must do your best to see if you can detect a blade out of place.", "Once the blades are basically lined up, or you think they are OK then you can balance the ceiling fan. Balancing kits for ceiling fans are available at various stores. They consist of a clip and a number of weights that match the gram weight of the clip. But I prefer to use very high tech stuff. So go to the hardware store and get some 3/8 flat washers, a bag of clothes pins and a roll of 2\" wide Scotch Mailing Tape. Both the kits and my high tech stuff work on the same principle but the kit usually only has one clip which is OK for slight wobble, but in my opinion, not for average or excessive wobble.", "First, ceiling fans that are balanced while going in one direction, will usually be a little different when run in the opposite direction. When the ceiling fan turns counter clockwise, the high edge of each blade is catching air and the low edge is deflecting air. When reversed, it's just the opposite. The low edge now catches and the high edge deflects. So if one blade is a little higher or lower than the others, it will catch more air in one direction, but when reversed, the other three will catch more air than it does. If all the blades track the same, then after balancing, it will be the same in either direction.", "Set the ceiling fan to blow down, (counter clockwise). Clip a CP (clothes pin) half way out on the lower edge of any blade. We will call this blade #1. If the wobble problem was real bad, clip two or three next to each other in this same location. Now run the fan at the highest speed possible. If the wobble starts getting real bad before reaching high speed, turn the ceiling fan off. Now move the clip or clips to the next blade, blade #2 and repeat the step. Do the same for each blade. Observe the amount of wobble as each blade is tried. You will notice that one way will be better than all the rest. On the top of this blade, you will tape a 3/8 flat washer approximately where the clip was. Note: The blade surface must be clean to the point where the tape will stick adequately. Otherwise you may sling a weight off while the ceiling fan is running and this can be dangerous. Test the surface by sticking a piece of tape to the area and see if it comes of. Now stick a piece, approx. 3\" long, on the top of the blade in this area. Then using another 3\" long piece, tape the washer down on top of the first piece. Note: you will use one washer for each clip that was on the blade. Run the ceiling fan. If still wobbling, put the clip back on the blade where you put the first weight, run an observe. Move the clip to the blade on the right of the weighted blade. Run and observe. Move the clip to the blade on the left of the weighted blade. Run and observe. One of these three will be better than the others. Put a weight on top of the blade at this point. Repeat process until the wobble is stopped. Normally 1-3 weights will be sufficient, but if real bad it may take 6-7. If the wobble gets worse with the CP than without it, then you have too much weight on already." ] }, "parsed_md": "Ceiling Fans Balance\n\nCeiling Fans Information \n \n--- \n|\n\nCeiling Fans That Shake!\n\nWhen ceiling fans shake REAL bad, that is an indication that one of a number\nof things can be wrong. CEILING FANS that shake can be scary.\n\nFirst, if the ceiling fan did work fine at one time but now it is shaking:\nLoose blades on CEILING FANS can cause a problem.\n\nCheck for loose blades and loose connection between the rod and the fan body.\nIf the blades are all tight, and the rod is tight at the ceiling fan body,\ncheck the mounting at the ceiling to make sure that it is secure. If this is\nOK and it is a four blade ceiling fan, then stand out away from the fan and\npoint any one blade toward you. Look at the blade directly opposite it and see\nif they are basically in a straight line. If so, rotate the blades 90 degrees\nand do the same for the other two blades. If they line up, then you probably\nhave a balance problem. If they don't, then you have a bent blade and this\nmust be corrected before balancing. Usually after looking closely, you can\ntell which blade is bent and which way it needs to go back. Most ceiling fans\nhave blade arms made of a pewter like material which will break easily when\nbent excessively. So be careful! If it brakes, then you need a new set of\nblade arms. If you have a five blade ceiling fan, then you must do your best\nto see if you can detect a blade out of place.\n\nOnce the blades are basically lined up, or you think they are OK then you can\nbalance the ceiling fan. Balancing kits for ceiling fans are available at\nvarious stores. They consist of a clip and a number of weights that match the\ngram weight of the clip. But I prefer to use very high tech stuff. So go to\nthe hardware store and get some 3/8 flat washers, a bag of clothes pins and a\nroll of 2\" wide Scotch Mailing Tape. Both the kits and my high tech stuff work\non the same principle but the kit usually only has one clip which is OK for\nslight wobble, but in my opinion, not for average or excessive wobble.\n\nFirst, ceiling fans that are balanced while going in one direction, will\nusually be a little different when run in the opposite direction. When the\nceiling fan turns counter clockwise, the high edge of each blade is catching\nair and the low edge is deflecting air. When reversed, it's just the opposite.\nThe low edge now catches and the high edge deflects. So if one blade is a\nlittle higher or lower than the others, it will catch more air in one\ndirection, but when reversed, the other three will catch more air than it\ndoes. If all the blades track the same, then after balancing, it will be the\nsame in either direction.\n\nSet the ceiling fan to blow down, (counter clockwise). Clip a CP (clothes pin)\nhalf way out on the lower edge of any blade. We will call this blade #1. If\nthe wobble problem was real bad, clip two or three next to each other in this\nsame location. Now run the fan at the highest speed possible. If the wobble\nstarts getting real bad before reaching high speed, turn the ceiling fan off.\nNow move the clip or clips to the next blade, blade #2 and repeat the step. Do\nthe same for each blade. Observe the amount of wobble as each blade is tried.\nYou will notice that one way will be better than all the rest. On the top of\nthis blade, you will tape a 3/8 flat washer approximately where the clip was.\nNote: The blade surface must be clean to the point where the tape will stick\nadequately. Otherwise you may sling a weight off while the ceiling fan is\nrunning and this can be dangerous. Test the surface by sticking a piece of\ntape to the area and see if it comes of. Now stick a piece, approx. 3\" long,\non the top of the blade in this area. Then using another 3\" long piece, tape\nthe washer down on top of the first piece. Note: you will use one washer for\neach clip that was on the blade. Run the ceiling fan. If still wobbling, put\nthe clip back on the blade where you put the first weight, run an observe.\nMove the clip to the blade on the right of the weighted blade. Run and\nobserve. Move the clip to the blade on the left of the weighted blade. Run and\nobserve. One of these three will be better than the others. Put a weight on\ntop of the blade at this point. Repeat process until the wobble is stopped.\nNormally 1-3 weights will be sufficient, but if real bad it may take 6-7. If\nthe wobble gets worse with the CP than without it, then you have too much\nweight on already.\n\nFAN DOCTOR. \n \n--- \n \nWhat is a ceiling fan ? CLICK HERE \n \nCompare ceiling fans ! CLICK HERE \n \nCeiling Fan Wobble ! CLICK HERE \n \nReversing your fan ! CLICK HERE \n \nVisit our HOME page \n \n--- \n \nContents © Gulf Coast Fan 1998\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://todayshomeowner.com/video/how-to-fix-an-out-of-balance-ceiling-fan/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210826180642/https://todayshomeowner.com/video/how-to-fix-an-out-of-balance-ceiling-fan/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Fix an Out of Balance Paddle Ceiling Fan", "passages": [ "Ceilings fans that wobble are not only annoying but can be dangerous. The wobble may also decrease the life of the fan. Here are some causes and solutions to this problem:", "Backed by his 40-year remodeling career, Danny served as the home improvement expert for CBS’s The Early Show and The Weather Channel for more than a decade. His extensive hands-on experience and understanding of the industry make him the go-to source for all things having to do with the home – from advice on simple repairs, to complete remodels, to helping homeowners prepare their homes for extreme weather and seasons.", "Thanks, Cheryl, glad you liked our fan-balancing video. An out-of-balanced ceiling fan is one of those annoying little problems that’s relatively simple to fix, but difficult to explain, especially in just a few minutes. Anyway, thanks for writing and good luck!–Joe T.", "you are the best, my wife is estatic that she can run the ceiling fan at high speed at night again. it is so hot here nights. we did not have the money for one more expense. you saved us. thank you for people like you who share your knowledge with those who don’t know much about this stuff.", "You are very welcome, Jim. Glad your wife is happy. Here at DannyLipford.com and Today’s Homeower with Danny Lipford, we take great pride in providing quality information to homeowners of all skill levels. Keep in touch for many more helpful tips and hints for maintaining your home. Thanks again and good luck!–Joe T.", "I had a very bad chimney leak and had lots of repairs to do, so I bought a brand new special order Harbor Breeze fan from Loewe’s for my formal living room and an electrician went into my attic and did all the electrical since there had not been a ceiling fan there before. He suggested I buy a longer downrod to avoid hitting the vaulted ceiling. He hung it up and it worked perfectly. Then my contractor had the old popcorn ceiling scraped off and textured and painted the vaulted ceiling. Now they have hung it back up and it wobbles like crazy. They spent about 2 hrs today doing all the things you suggested in the video and it still wobbles. What else could it be? They told me I just need to buy a new one that one of my kids must’ve stepped on the blade hinge when it was down for 2 weeks and bent it, although I seriously doubt it.", "Hi Karen, Sorry to hear you’re having so much trouble with your ceiling fan. If the fan worked fine before it was taken down, then it may not have been re- installed properly. I suggest calling an electrician to take down the fan, inspect it and then put it back up. Have him check to make sure the ceiling box wasn’t knocked out of whack when the ceiling was scraped. And unless the contractor has proof that your kids bent the blade “hinge” (whatever that is), he’s responsible for either fixing or replacing the fan, and paying for the electrician. And if the fan is still under warranty, you might be able to return it to Lowe’s. And one final word, the fan shouldn’t have been taken down in the first place. They should have removed the blades, and encased the fan motor in a plastic bag. Good luck.–Joe T.", "We have a fan that is out of balance in our rental home. The maintenance guy came and said it was impossible to balance and we need to purchase a new fan – he also said there was no visable damage to the fan. Is it possible for a fan just to go out of balance and not be able to be fixed? The fan is only a few years old. Thanks", "Hi JC, I guess anything is possible, but I’d be surprised if you couldn’t balance the fan, especially since it’s only a few years old. I’d suggest calling a few electricians and ask if any have experience balancing/fixing fans. Since electricians typically install ceiling fans, you might find one who can help. Have the electrician first check for signs of obvious damage, loose parts or improper installation. If all looks good, then move on to inspecting the blades and blade irons. I’m sure with a little investigative work, you should be able to save the fan. Good luck and thanks for writing.–Joe T.", "My ceiling fan had been wobbling for weaks so i deided i was going to buy a balancing kit but before i did i watched this video. I measured the blades from the cieling just like he said and one was about a half inch lower. The blade bracket was bent. I fixed that and fan no longer wobbles. Thanks for the video really did help", "* Ben Erickson August 7, 2015 at 7:51 am\nHi Scott, Glad to hear our video on balancing a paddle ceiling fan was of help!", "This video led me straight to the problem. We have had a wobbly fan since we move it from one bedroom to the next. After I adjusted and tightened everything it’s perfect!", "I never would have figured this out on my own. Thank You for this video. After tightening everything and then measuring the blades, I found one bent blade. I bent it back to the same height as the others and now it works perfectly! Thanks!!", "Thanks for the video on Ceiling Fans. I used the information in the video and that fixed my issues with the wobbling.", "Thank you! This noisy fan was driving me crazy. Turned out one of the blades was loose. Tightened up with a screw driver and voila!", "Hi Have Hampton Bay 6ft spread ceiling fan hanging on 8ft tube from cathredal ceiling. As fan operates very slight movement but enough to cause clicking / cracking sound from ceiling mount. Can not get to ceiling mount to apply some lube to stop click Wonder if rotating connecting tube 90 degrees might help? Will also try to balance stopping any lateral movement while operating— but it is a very long pendulum Any ideas?? Thank you. Bert", "I used a plastic clothespin style clip (from Harbor Freight) (about 6 g.) in different places on different blades until I found the sweet spot. No wobble. Kinda looks funny up there but it does work. So my question is, if I want to find out which blade is causing the problem, could I just remove all of them and weigh them on a scale to find out which ones are not the same as the others and then just add or remove weight to get them all the same weight?", "* Thomas Boni August 17, 2018 at 1:37 pm\nHi, Spatin! Danny says, “It is normally not the weight but the ‘tilt’of the blade. Try measuring down from the ceiling to the same outer edge of each blade. You’ll most likely find one or more blades that may be a different distance from the ceiling.", "“Many times, a little persuasive bending or wedging of the blades will have them turning on the same plane, therefore eliminating the wobble.", "If you're planning a tile project, you may want to consider using penny tiles! Log on to Today's Homeowner to learn how penny tiles work with any project!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Fix an Out of Balance Paddle Ceiling Fan | Today's Homeowner\n\n * Categories\n\n * Chelsea’s Ranch Revival\n * Home Improvement\n\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathtubs & Showers\n * Bathroom Vent Fans\n * Bathroom Vanity & Countertop\n * Bathroom Toilets\n * Bathroom Sinks & Faucets\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Bathroom Lighting\n * Bathroom Flooring\n * Bathroom Accessories\n * Decks & Patios\n\n * Clean and Repair Decks\n * Composite Decks\n * Concrete Patios\n * Deck Steps & Railings\n * Paver Patios\n * Stain and Paint Decks Patios\n * Wood Decks\n * Kitchen\n\n * Kitchen Appliances\n * Kitchen Backsplash\n * Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Flooring\n * Kitchen Hardware\n * Kitchen Lighting\n * Kitchen Remodeling\n * Lawn & Garden\n\n * Animals & Wildlife\n * Cacti & Tropical Plants\n * Container Gardens\n * Fencing\n * Flowers\n * Fruits & Vegetables\n * Gardening 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The\nwobble may also decrease the life of the fan. Here are some causes and\nsolutions to this problem:\n\n * Check to see if the screws connecting the fan to the electrical box are tight.\n * Check and tighten all of the screws on the fan.\n * Check and tighten all of the screws on the blades and mounting brackets.\n * Use a yardstick and measure the blades from the ceiling to check for warped blades and replace if needed.\n * If your ceiling fan still wobbles, balance the blades using a blade balancing kit available at home centers.\n\nWatch this video to find out more.\n\n### Further Information\n\n * Installing a Paddle Ceiling Fan (video)\n * How to Stop Wobble and Vibration in a Paddle Ceiling Fan (article)\n * How to Control a Ceiling Fan Without a Wall Switch (article)\n * How to Repair and Replace a Ceiling Fan Pull Chain Switch (article)\n * How to Use a Ceiling Fan Properly (article)\n\n * TAGS\n * ceilings\n * fan\n * fix\n * out of balance\n * wobble\n\nShare\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nPrevious articleHow to Remove Mineral Deposits in Your Water\n\nNext articleHow to Maintain a Bathroom Vent Fan\n\nDANNY LIPFORD\n\nhttps://www.aboutdannylipford.com/\n\nBacked by his 40-year remodeling career, Danny served as the home improvement\nexpert for CBS’s The Early Show and The Weather Channel for more than a\ndecade. His extensive hands-on experience and understanding of the industry\nmake him the go-to source for all things having to do with the home – from\nadvice on simple repairs, to complete remodels, to helping homeowners prepare\ntheir homes for extreme weather and seasons.\n\n#### 17 COMMENTS\n\n 1. cheryl August 21, 2011 at 12:13 am\n\nI went through several “how to stop the wobble” videos...this was by far the\nbest...best explanation...best visual!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Joe T. August 21, 2011 at 10:29 am\n\nThanks, Cheryl, glad you liked our fan-balancing video. An out-of-balanced\nceiling fan is one of those annoying little problems that’s relatively simple\nto fix, but difficult to explain, especially in just a few minutes. Anyway,\nthanks for writing and good luck!–Joe T.\n\nReply\n\n 3. jim August 24, 2011 at 4:34 pm\n\nyou are the best, my wife is estatic that she can run the ceiling fan at high\nspeed at night again. it is so hot here nights. we did not have the money for\none more expense. you saved us. thank you for people like you who share your\nknowledge with those who don’t know much about this stuff.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Joe T. August 24, 2011 at 5:41 pm\n\nYou are very welcome, Jim. Glad your wife is happy. Here at DannyLipford.com\nand Today’s Homeower with Danny Lipford, we take great pride in providing\nquality information to homeowners of all skill levels. Keep in touch for many\nmore helpful tips and hints for maintaining your home. Thanks again and good\nluck!–Joe T.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Karen September 14, 2011 at 4:13 pm\n\nI had a very bad chimney leak and had lots of repairs to do, so I bought a\nbrand new special order Harbor Breeze fan from Loewe’s for my formal living\nroom and an electrician went into my attic and did all the electrical since\nthere had not been a ceiling fan there before. He suggested I buy a longer\ndownrod to avoid hitting the vaulted ceiling. He hung it up and it worked\nperfectly. Then my contractor had the old popcorn ceiling scraped off and\ntextured and painted the vaulted ceiling. Now they have hung it back up and it\nwobbles like crazy. They spent about 2 hrs today doing all the things you\nsuggested in the video and it still wobbles. What else could it be? They told\nme I just need to buy a new one that one of my kids must’ve stepped on the\nblade hinge when it was down for 2 weeks and bent it, although I seriously\ndoubt it.\n\nReply\n\n 6. Joe T. September 14, 2011 at 7:33 pm\n\nHi Karen, Sorry to hear you’re having so much trouble with your ceiling fan.\nIf the fan worked fine before it was taken down, then it may not have been re-\ninstalled properly. I suggest calling an electrician to take down the fan,\ninspect it and then put it back up. Have him check to make sure the ceiling\nbox wasn’t knocked out of whack when the ceiling was scraped. And unless the\ncontractor has proof that your kids bent the blade “hinge” (whatever that is),\nhe’s responsible for either fixing or replacing the fan, and paying for the\nelectrician. And if the fan is still under warranty, you might be able to\nreturn it to Lowe’s. And one final word, the fan shouldn’t have been taken\ndown in the first place. They should have removed the blades, and encased the\nfan motor in a plastic bag. Good luck.–Joe T.\n\nReply\n\n 7. JC August 16, 2012 at 11:03 pm\n\nWe have a fan that is out of balance in our rental home. The maintenance guy\ncame and said it was impossible to balance and we need to purchase a new fan –\nhe also said there was no visable damage to the fan. Is it possible for a fan\njust to go out of balance and not be able to be fixed? The fan is only a few\nyears old. Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 8. Joe T. August 17, 2012 at 11:24 am\n\nHi JC, I guess anything is possible, but I’d be surprised if you couldn’t\nbalance the fan, especially since it’s only a few years old. I’d suggest\ncalling a few electricians and ask if any have experience balancing/fixing\nfans. Since electricians typically install ceiling fans, you might find one\nwho can help. Have the electrician first check for signs of obvious damage,\nloose parts or improper installation. If all looks good, then move on to\ninspecting the blades and blade irons. I’m sure with a little investigative\nwork, you should be able to save the fan. Good luck and thanks for\nwriting.–Joe T.\n\nReply\n\n 9. scott c August 6, 2015 at 8:13 pm\n\nMy ceiling fan had been wobbling for weaks so i deided i was going to buy a\nbalancing kit but before i did i watched this video. I measured the blades\nfrom the cieling just like he said and one was about a half inch lower. The\nblade bracket was bent. I fixed that and fan no longer wobbles. Thanks for the\nvideo really did help\n\nReply\n\n * Ben Erickson August 7, 2015 at 7:51 am\n\nHi Scott, Glad to hear our video on balancing a paddle ceiling fan was of\nhelp!\n\nReply\n\n 10. Andrew Adamson January 23, 2016 at 11:16 pm\n\nThis video led me straight to the problem. We have had a wobbly fan since we\nmove it from one bedroom to the next. After I adjusted and tightened\neverything it’s perfect!\n\nThanks,\n\nReply\n\n 11. Larry April 26, 2016 at 9:33 pm\n\nI never would have figured this out on my own. Thank You for this video. After\ntightening everything and then measuring the blades, I found one bent blade. I\nbent it back to the same height as the others and now it works perfectly!\nThanks!!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Benjamin D. Burris July 26, 2017 at 9:10 pm\n\nThanks for the video on Ceiling Fans. I used the information in the video and\nthat fixed my issues with the wobbling.\n\nThanks again\n\nReply\n\n 13. Doug August 1, 2017 at 12:16 pm\n\nThank you! This noisy fan was driving me crazy. Turned out one of the blades\nwas loose. Tightened up with a screw driver and voila!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Bert January 23, 2018 at 12:20 pm\n\nHi Have Hampton Bay 6ft spread ceiling fan hanging on 8ft tube from cathredal\nceiling. As fan operates very slight movement but enough to cause clicking /\ncracking sound from ceiling mount. Can not get to ceiling mount to apply some\nlube to stop click Wonder if rotating connecting tube 90 degrees might help?\nWill also try to balance stopping any lateral movement while operating— but it\nis a very long pendulum Any ideas?? Thank you. Bert\n\nReply\n\n 15. spatin August 7, 2018 at 10:35 pm\n\nI used a plastic clothespin style clip (from Harbor Freight) (about 6 g.) in\ndifferent places on different blades until I found the sweet spot. No wobble.\nKinda looks funny up there but it does work. So my question is, if I want to\nfind out which blade is causing the problem, could I just remove all of them\nand weigh them on a scale to find out which ones are not the same as the\nothers and then just add or remove weight to get them all the same weight?\n\nReply\n\n * Thomas Boni August 17, 2018 at 1:37 pm\n\nHi, Spatin! Danny says, “It is normally not the weight but the ‘tilt’of the\nblade. Try measuring down from the ceiling to the same outer edge of each\nblade. You’ll most likely find one or more blades that may be a different\ndistance from the ceiling.\n\n“Many times, a little persuasive bending or wedging of the blades will have\nthem turning on the same plane, therefore eliminating the wobble.\n\nGood luck!”\n\nReply\n\n### LEAVE A REPLY Cancel reply\n\n#### Recommended For You\n\n### Penny Tiles Add Retro Flair, Style to Any Room\n\nIf you're planning a tile project, you may want to consider using penny tiles!\nLog on to Today's Homeowner to learn how penny tiles work with any project!\n\n### High-End Patio Seating: How to Create Chairs with Pavers\n\n### How to Build an Outdoor Countertop\n\n### Building a Backyard Paradise in New Jersey\n\n#### Media & Affiliate Support\n\n * Advertise with Us\n * Media & Newsroom\n * Air the Show\n * TV Support\n * Radio Support\n\n#### More...\n\n * About Us\n * Ask Us a Question\n * Meet the Team\n * FAQs\n * Homeowner Guides & Reviews\n * Newsletter\n\n * Ask TH\n * Contact\n * Guest Submissions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Subscribe!\n\n© 2021 Today’s Homeowner Media. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or\nin part without permission is prohibited.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://todayshomeowner.com/how-to-stop-wobble-and-vibration-in-a-paddle-ceiling-fan/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210822182300/https://todayshomeowner.com/how-to-stop-wobble-and-vibration-in-a-paddle-ceiling-fan/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Stop Wobble and Vibration in a Paddle Ceiling Fan", "passages": [ "There are several possible problems that could cause your paddle fan to wobble or vibrate, some of which could pose serious safety concerns if not fixed. Potential problems include:", "Start by turning the fan off at the breaker and checking to see if it’s securely attached to the ceiling. If the fan feels loose, tighten the screws at the ceiling that support it, and see if the ceiling box itself is securely attached or needs reinforcement.", "Next, make sure the screws that attach the blades to the blade mounts and the mounts to the fan motor are tight. If the fan still wobbles, check the blade alignment by holding a tape measure or yardstick against the ceiling even with the end of the blade, and rotating the fan by hand to see if each blade measures the same. If one of the blades is off, you may be able to slightly bend the metal blade mount to align it, but don’t apply too much pressure or the metal can crack or break.", "If the fan still doesn’t run smoothly, the blades are either warped and need to be replaced, or they are out of balance. To balance the blades, attach a small weight—such as a coin or washer—to the top of a blade with tape, then turn the fan on to see if it reduces the wobble. If not, take the weight off, move it to another blade, and try again.", "Fine-tuning can be accomplished by varying the weight, or by moving the weight in or out on the blade. For the less adventurous do-it-yourselfer, balancing kits—which include weights, a test clip, and detailed instructions—are available at home centers.", "Backed by his 40-year remodeling career, Danny served as the home improvement expert for CBS’s The Early Show and The Weather Channel for more than a decade. His extensive hands-on experience and understanding of the industry make him the go-to source for all things having to do with the home – from advice on simple repairs, to complete remodels, to helping homeowners prepare their homes for extreme weather and seasons.", "The maintenance man at my senior community apartment fixed my increasingly noise ceiling fan. The fan had regular 40 watt bulbs in it that were shaking and touching the glass lamp shades with each turn. He replaced the bulbs with “Christmas tree” shaped bulbs. No more noise. Charmaine Mansour Braesridge Apartments", "Thanks mate, undid the two screws holding the ceiling cover on. Everything looked ok, re-tensioned the said cover and OMG I can sleep at night.", "I did all the above to my fan and it still wobbles it was perfectly fine then it started to wobble one day I’ve gone right from the elec box to the light bulbs I got no more to tighten its heading tawards the trash", "I found a tip at howstuffworks to fix clothespin at one of the blade as weight... and what do you know it works!... it took a couple of tries but finally I found the unbalanced blade...", "Now my wife can sleep at night... she was cursing at the fan and wanted to throw it away and buy a new one... lol...", "Leaks from a toilet tank or bowl can waste thousands of gallons of water if left unrepaired. Watch this video to learn if your toilet is leaking." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Stop Wobble and Vibration in a Paddle Ceiling Fan | Today's Homeowner\n\n * Categories\n\n * Chelsea’s Ranch Revival\n * Home Improvement\n\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathtubs & Showers\n * Bathroom Vent Fans\n * Bathroom Vanity & Countertop\n * Bathroom Toilets\n * Bathroom Sinks & Faucets\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Bathroom Lighting\n * Bathroom Flooring\n * Bathroom Accessories\n * Decks & Patios\n\n * Clean and Repair Decks\n * Composite Decks\n * Concrete Patios\n * Deck Steps & Railings\n * Paver Patios\n * Stain and Paint Decks Patios\n * Wood Decks\n * Kitchen\n\n * Kitchen Appliances\n * Kitchen Backsplash\n * Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Flooring\n * Kitchen Hardware\n * Kitchen Lighting\n * Kitchen Remodeling\n * Lawn & Garden\n\n * Animals & Wildlife\n * Cacti & Tropical Plants\n * Container Gardens\n * Fencing\n * Flowers\n * Fruits & Vegetables\n * Gardening Basics\n * Garden 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To-Do Lists\n * Organic Gardening\n * Outdoor Furniture\n * Pools & Water Features\n * Soil & Fertilizer\n * Trees & Shrubs\n * Other Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n * Laundry Room\n * Living Room\n * Workshop\n * Repairs & Installation\n\n * Electrical Install & Repair\n * Flooring Install & Repair\n * Heating Cooling Maintenance\n * Insulation Installation\n * Plumbing Install & Repair\n * Roof Install & Repair\n * Wall & Ceiling Repair\n * Water Heater Repair\n * Exterior\n\n * Crawl Space\n * Driveway\n * Entry Doors\n * Exterior House Cleaning\n * Exterior Painting & Staining\n * Exterior Steps\n * Gutters & Downspouts\n * House Foundation\n * Sidewalks & Paths\n * Siding\n * Windows\n * Interior\n\n * Fireplace\n * Furniture & Accessories\n * Interior Doors\n * Interior House Cleaning\n * Interior Lighting\n * Interior Painting & Finishing\n * Molding\n * Stairs\n * Storage\n * Wallpaper\n * Best New Products\n * Backyard Life\n * Simple Solutions\n * Calculators\n * How-To\n\n * How-To Videos\n * 4 Seasons of Home Ownership\n\n * Spring\n * Summer\n * Fall\n * Winter\n * Severe Weather\n * Special Series\n\n * 4 Seasons of Home Ownership\n * Checking In With Chelsea\n * Going Green\n * Room With A View\n * The Kuppersmith Project\n * The Today’s Homeowner Story\n * Today’s Bath\n * Today’s Addition\n * Homeowner Guides and Reviews\n * Home Improvement\n\n * Bathroom\n * Electrical & Lighting\n * Garage & Storage\n * Heating Cooling Maintenance\n * Kitchen\n * Lawn & Garden\n * Plumbing\n * Videos\n * Watch\n * Listen\n\n * Today’s Homeowner Podcast\n * Today’s Homeowner Radio Show\n * Stream\n * Summer 2021\n\nHome Ask Danny How to Stop Wobble and Vibration in a Paddle Ceiling Fan\n\n# How to Stop Wobble and Vibration in a Paddle Ceiling Fan\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nMy ceiling fan vibrates and wobbles when turned on high speed. How can I fix\nit? -Bill\n\nHi Bill,\n\nThere are several possible problems that could cause your paddle fan to wobble\nor vibrate, some of which could pose serious safety concerns if not fixed.\nPotential problems include:\n\n * Loose screws where the fan attaches to the electrical box at the ceiling.\n * Electrical ceiling box isn’t properly secured and reinforced.\n * Screws holding blades to mounting brackets are loose.\n * Screws holding mounting brackets to fan motor need tightening.\n * Fan blades are out of alignment.\n * Fan blades are warped.\n * Fan blades are out of balance.\n\nStart by turning the fan off at the breaker and checking to see if it’s\nsecurely attached to the ceiling. If the fan feels loose, tighten the screws\nat the ceiling that support it, and see if the ceiling box itself is securely\nattached or needs reinforcement.\n\nNext, make sure the screws that attach the blades to the blade mounts and the\nmounts to the fan motor are tight. If the fan still wobbles, check the blade\nalignment by holding a tape measure or yardstick against the ceiling even with\nthe end of the blade, and rotating the fan by hand to see if each blade\nmeasures the same. If one of the blades is off, you may be able to slightly\nbend the metal blade mount to align it, but don’t apply too much pressure or\nthe metal can crack or break.\n\nIf the fan still doesn’t run smoothly, the blades are either warped and need\nto be replaced, or they are out of balance. To balance the blades, attach a\nsmall weight—such as a coin or washer—to the top of a blade with tape, then\nturn the fan on to see if it reduces the wobble. If not, take the weight off,\nmove it to another blade, and try again.\n\nFine-tuning can be accomplished by varying the weight, or by moving the weight\nin or out on the blade. For the less adventurous do-it-yourselfer, balancing\nkits—which include weights, a test clip, and detailed instructions—are\navailable at home centers.\n\nGood luck with your project,\n\n### Further Information\n\n * Installing a Paddle Ceiling Fan (video)\n * How to Install a Paddle Ceiling Fan (video)\n * How to Fix an Out of Balance Ceiling Fan (video)\n * How to Control a Ceiling Fan Without a Wall Switch (article)\n * How to Repair and Replace a Ceiling Fan Pull Chain Switch (article)\n * How to Use a Ceiling Fan Properly (article)\n\n * TAGS\n * ceiling fans\n * fan\n * paddle fan\n\nShare\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nPrevious articleHow to Grow Geraniums Over the Winter\n\nNext articlePhosphorus Fertilizer in Your Lawn or Garden\n\nDANNY LIPFORD\n\nhttps://www.aboutdannylipford.com/\n\nBacked by his 40-year remodeling career, Danny served as the home improvement\nexpert for CBS’s The Early Show and The Weather Channel for more than a\ndecade. His extensive hands-on experience and understanding of the industry\nmake him the go-to source for all things having to do with the home – from\nadvice on simple repairs, to complete remodels, to helping homeowners prepare\ntheir homes for extreme weather and seasons.\n\n#### RELATED ARTICLESMORE FROM AUTHOR\n\n### Tips For Dealing With HVAC Pros\n\n### How to Insulate HVAC Ductwork\n\n### How to Lengthen the Life of Your Heating and Cooling System\n\n#### 5 COMMENTS\n\n 1. Charmaine Mansour November 2, 2009 at 4:59 am\n\nThe maintenance man at my senior community apartment fixed my increasingly\nnoise ceiling fan. The fan had regular 40 watt bulbs in it that were shaking\nand touching the glass lamp shades with each turn. He replaced the bulbs with\n“Christmas tree” shaped bulbs. No more noise. Charmaine Mansour Braesridge\nApartments\n\nReply\n\n 2. Mick S January 22, 2016 at 5:59 pm\n\nThanks mate, undid the two screws holding the ceiling cover on. Everything\nlooked ok, re-tensioned the said cover and OMG I can sleep at night.\n\nThanks very much.\n\nReply\n\n 3. robert reynoldd July 24, 2016 at 8:22 am\n\nAnnoying hum\n\nReply\n\n 4. THOM August 12, 2016 at 11:19 am\n\nI did all the above to my fan and it still wobbles it was perfectly fine then\nit started to wobble one day I’ve gone right from the elec box to the light\nbulbs I got no more to tighten its heading tawards the trash\n\nReply\n\n 5. rosdi June 30, 2017 at 5:39 am\n\nI found a tip at howstuffworks to fix clothespin at one of the blade as\nweight... and what do you know it works!... it took a couple of tries but\nfinally I found the unbalanced blade...\n\nNow my wife can sleep at night... she was cursing at the fan and wanted to\nthrow it away and buy a new one... lol...\n\nReply\n\n### LEAVE A REPLY Cancel reply\n\n#### Recommended For You\n\n### How to Test for Toilet Tank and Bowl Leaks\n\nLeaks from a toilet tank or bowl can waste thousands of gallons of water if\nleft unrepaired. Watch this video to learn if your toilet is leaking.\n\n### Why You Need Fresh Air Inside Your Home — And AC...\n\n### Stay Warm and Safe With These 4 Fireplace Maintenance Tips\n\n#### Media & Affiliate Support\n\n * Advertise with Us\n * Media & Newsroom\n * Air the Show\n * TV Support\n * Radio Support\n\n#### More...\n\n * About Us\n * Ask Us a Question\n * Meet the Team\n * FAQs\n * Homeowner Guides & Reviews\n * Newsletter\n\n * Ask TH\n * Contact\n * Guest Submissions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Subscribe!\n\n© 2021 Today’s Homeowner Media. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or\nin part without permission is prohibited.\n\n" } ]
1,095,378
How To Evict a Tenant
To evict a tenant, start by filling out an eviction notice and either taping it to the tenant’s front door or sending it in the mail. While this notice will typically lead to a tenant contacting you to resolve the issue, if you don’t hear from them, wait the alloted time before filing the eviction notice at the courthouse. Then, prepare for the court hearing by gathering your evidence as to why you’re evicting, such as bounced checks or email exchanges.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112004640/https://www.landlordology.com/tenant-eviction/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210309172717/http://www.landlord.com/evicting_your_tenant.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190325162650/https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/evictions-landlord-rules-29740.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160912140514/http://www.uniformlaws.org/Act.aspx?title=Residential%20Landlord%20and%20Tenant%20Act%202015", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423022654/https://www.expertlaw.com/library/real_estate/evicting_tenant.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210829055408/https://www.uslegalforms.com/realestate/eviction/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.landlordology.com/tenant-eviction/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112004640/https://www.landlordology.com/tenant-eviction/", "parsed_text": { "title": "A Step-by-Step Guide to the Eviction Process", "passages": [ "This article will guide you through the general eviction process and should help you with removing delinquent or deadbeat tenants from your rental property.", "Being a great landlord doesn’t mean that you’re immune from having bad tenants. Yes, tenant screening is important, but even under the best of circumstances, it’s not unusual for a well-intentioned tenant to struggle to pay rent from time to time.", "So even if you have a “good” relationship with your tenant, sometimes they just won’t be able to pay you. When that’s the case, you simply can’t let them stay free of charge, especially when there are others who will have no trouble paying you consistently.", "Eviction seems harsh, but it’s the business of rental properties. If a tenant can’t pay, you have to remove them from your property. Sometimes, it’s as simple as asking them to leave. Other times, you will have to go through the formal eviction process.", "Regardless of the situation, before starting the eviction process, you need to know the proper rules and procedures. This process can be summarized into 7 steps.", "The eviction laws are different from state to state, and it’s smart to know and consider them while writing up your lease agreement, so that both parties know that such a document carries authority with it.", "I recommend using a lease agreement that is written by lawyers, and specifically designed for your state. US Legal Forms has some great lease options that will keep you safe, legally.", "If your lease agreement wasn’t been based off of the state laws, or if you’re unsure, you’ll want to spend some time researching your current situation, and see if you can win an eviction case.", "The Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (URLTA) provides a more detailed explanation of the legal side of the eviction process. At least 21 states have adopted the URLTA as the foundation for their state-specific landlord-tenant laws.", "“Self-help” evictions are illegal in every state. Even if the tenant is a deadbeat, a liar, and causing physical damage to your property, you CANNOT do any of the following actions without a court order:", "In order for the courts to be on your side, you’ll need to follow these rules closely, and make sure that you do not to give a judge any reason to doubt that you are an outstanding law-abiding citizen.", "In some cases, a tenant will make it easier for a landlord to evict them by breaking laws, destroying property, or violating the lease agreement.", "Keep in mind, eviction will always sour the relationship between a landlord and tenant, but if they break laws in the process, the courts are more likely to rule in your favor. However, don’t expect to remain friends with any tenant that you are forced to evict. Landlord Tip #21, describes why you should never rent to friends.", "You don’t want to start the process if you don’t have a good and lawful reason to. Typically, the following reasons (given fair notice to the tenant) will be sufficient for an eviction:", "Remember, you’ll need documented proof of any claim against your tenant. “Innocent until proven guilty” is still overarching rule in the U.S. court system.", "If it doesn’t look like the law is entirely on your side, or if you just don’t want to spend the time and energy on an eviction case, try reasoning with them.", "My suggestion would be to take your tenant to a public coffee shop and have a heart-to-heart chat about the situation. Often times, if you are “understanding but stern”, the tenant will agree to leave on their own accord. I prefer to have this conversation in a public location because the tenant is less likely to make a scene.", "I realize that you’re having trouble paying your rent, and I feel for your situation. The fact is that I need someone in my rental that can pay rent, and if that’s not you, then you need to leave. Because I respect you, I wanted to give you a chance to leave on your own before I file an eviction lawsuit.", "If I have to go through the eviction process, it will ruin your credit score, and you won’t be able to get a mortgage, car loan, or any loan for a very long time.", "When I win the case, I will also need to sue you for any back-due rent, in which I will eventually be able to use that judgement to garnish your wages. If I have to do that, it will involve your employer, and will be very embarrassing for you.", "I don’t want to do that to you. How would you like to proceed? Will you pay your rent immediately in full, or will you vacate the property ASAP?", "If your tenant has chosen to be uncooperative, and you’ve established that you have the right to evict your tenant, you will need to make sure you follow the set legal procedures exactly.", "One of the most important steps is to provide adequate “notice of eviction”. This is usually a simple document or form that gives an ultimatum – telling your tenant why they are being evicted and what they can do to avoid that eviction; pay rent, clean up the house, etc.", "You are typically required to post this notice within X number of days before filing the eviction paperwork with your local court.", "This document should be taped to their front door, as well as sent via Certified Mail / Return Receipt Requested with the United States Postal Service (USPS)", "Congratulations, your tenant now knows that you’ve done your research, and that you’re serious about the situation. Usually, a formal eviction notice is enough to whip them into shape.", "Otherwise, if the set amount of time (usually a week) goes by and nothing has changed, it’s time to file the eviction with the courts.", "Visit your local courthouse to file your eviction and pay a fee (try not to think about all the money, time, and energy that your tenant is costing you), at which point the clerk will schedule your hearing and will eventually notify the tenant on your behalf – via a summons.", "You will probably have to show proof (via receipt from certified mail) that you have given the proper amount of time that your state requires for an eviction notice.", "Since a tenant won’t be able to lie about not paying their rent (since they can’t fabricate real rent payment records), their most likely defense will be to claim that you didn’t properly inform them of the eviction. Be prepared.", "From the courts perspective, you will have the benefit of doubt on your side (some landlords might disagree with me). Besides, why would a landlord go through the trouble to evict someone for no reason?", "Even with that working in your favor, you need to step up to the plate, armed with all the right information. Do your homework before your hearing.", "Remember to get some sleep the night before your scheduled court date so that you are attentive and confident during the hearing. Always be honest and let your documentation/evidence speak for itself.", "If all goes well in court (and it probably will), then your tenant will have a set amount of time to leave, which is anywhere from 48 hours to a week, depending on where you live.", "If your tenant doesn’t leave on time, you have the right to get someone from the Sheriff’s department to escort them out and place their possessions on the curb. It’s definitely not a favorable outcome, but it does happen.", "Some courts allow you to combine eviction and small claims lawsuits if they are related and involve the same individuals. If this is the case, you can sue for any back-due rent at the same time as the eviction case.", "If your local court does not allow this, you’ll have to file a separate small claims lawsuit to pursue the owed rent money.", "If the judge determines that the tenant does owe you the past-due rent, you will receive a “judgement” in your favor. This judgement will be delivered in the form of a court order, which you can give to the tenant’s employer.", "Believe it or not, you can actually garnish their tax refund! RentPrep does a fantastic job of explaining this process in the article: How to Execute Tax Refund Garnishments for Past Due Rent.", "Wouldn’t that be a surprise when the tenant is expecting a $1,000 refund from the government, and it all goes to you instead.", "Debt collection companies, like Rent Recovery Service, will help you collect the debt and will report it to the 3 major credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion). It is important to let the credit bureaus know about this dead-beat tenant so that future landlords will know to avoid him/her.", "Evictions can be costly and time-consuming, so hopefully you can avoid ever needing to perform one. You can protect yourself by gathering as much information as you can about potential tenants before they move in.", "Cozy offers robust tenant screening tools that can help give you a more complete picture of your rental applicants. Best of all, they’re free for landlords, and just $34.95 for your applicants.", "Tenant credit reports can give you a good sense of an applicant’s personal financial situation, and whether or not they’ll be able to pay rent reliably, on-time, every month. Meanwhile, background and eviction checks can help ensure you’re renting to a tenant that doesn’t have a criminal history and hasn’t been evicted in the past.", "The folks at LegalTemplates.net put together a clear infographic that makes it easy to understand the eviction process. While the steps don’t match the article above exactly, it’s still the same process and completely accurate.", "Lucas is the Chief Landlordologist at Cozy. He has been a successful landlord for over 10 years, with dozens of happy tenants and a profitable income property portfolio. Read more about Lucas's story." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Evict a Tenant - A Step-by-Step Guide to the Eviction Process\n\n * Articles\n * State Laws\n * Landlord Guides\n * Services Directory\n * Q&A Podcast\n * Landlord Lifecycle\n * Rent Collection\n * Tenant Screening\n * Events\n * Associations\n * About Us\n\nTry Cozy, it’s Free\n\nFree online rent collection, tenant screening and credit reports\n\n# How to Evict a Tenant – The Eviction Process in 8 Easy Steps\n\nWritten on August 13, 2016 by Lucas Hall, updated on December 3, 2019\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Pinterest\n * Buffer\n\nThis article will guide you through the general eviction process and should\nhelp you with removing delinquent or deadbeat tenants from your rental\nproperty.\n\n## Eviction: It’s Just Business\n\nBeing a great landlord doesn’t mean that you’re immune from having bad\ntenants. Yes, tenant screening is important, but even under the best of\ncircumstances, it’s not unusual for a well-intentioned tenant to struggle to\npay rent from time to time.\n\nSo even if you have a “good” relationship with your tenant, sometimes they\njust won’t be able to pay you. When that’s the case, you simply can’t let them\nstay free of charge, especially when there are others who will have no trouble\npaying you consistently.\n\nEviction seems harsh, but it’s the business of rental properties. If a tenant\ncan’t pay, you have to remove them from your property. Sometimes, it’s as\nsimple as asking them to leave. Other times, you will have to go through the\nformal eviction process.\n\nRegardless of the situation, before starting the eviction process, you need to\nknow the proper rules and procedures. This process can be summarized into 7\nsteps.\n\n### Table of Contents\n\n 1. Understanding the Eviction Laws\n 2. Have a Valid Reason for Eviction\n 3. Try to Reason with Your Tenants\n 4. Give a Formal Notice of Eviction\n 5. File Your Eviction with the Courts\n 6. Prepare for and Attend the Court Hearing\n 7. Evicting the Tenant\n 8. Collecting Past-Due Rent\n 9. Bonus Video: An Overview of the Eviction Process\n 10. Protecting Yourself in the Future\n\n## Step 1: Understanding the Eviction Laws\n\nThe eviction laws are different from state to state, and it’s smart to know\nand consider them while writing up your lease agreement, so that both parties\nknow that such a document carries authority with it.\n\nI recommend using a lease agreement that is written by lawyers, and\nspecifically designed for your state. US Legal Forms has some great lease\noptions that will keep you safe, legally.\n\nIf your lease agreement wasn’t been based off of the state laws, or if you’re\nunsure, you’ll want to spend some time researching your current situation, and\nsee if you can win an eviction case.\n\n### Be Familiar with the Landlord and Tenant Act\n\nThe Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (URLTA) provides a more\ndetailed explanation of the legal side of the eviction process. At least 21\nstates have adopted the URLTA as the foundation for their state-specific\nlandlord-tenant laws.\n\n### Don’t Take Matters into Your Own Hands.\n\n“Self-help” evictions are illegal in every state. Even if the tenant is a\ndeadbeat, a liar, and causing physical damage to your property, you CANNOT do\nany of the following actions without a court order:\n\n * Remove the tenant’s stuff from the property.\n * Remove the tenant (i.e. hire Hulk Hogan to physically carry the tenant out)\n * Change the locks or lock-out the tenant.\n * Shut off essential utilities (electric, gas, water, etc)\n * Unleash a family of skunks in the tenant’s basement (aka, harassment)\n\nIn order for the courts to be on your side, you’ll need to follow these rules\nclosely, and make sure that you do not to give a judge any reason to doubt\nthat you are an outstanding law-abiding citizen.\n\nIn some cases, a tenant will make it easier for a landlord to evict them by\nbreaking laws, destroying property, or violating the lease agreement.\n\n### Say Goodbye to Your Friendship\n\nKeep in mind, eviction will always sour the relationship between a landlord\nand tenant, but if they break laws in the process, the courts are more likely\nto rule in your favor. However, don’t expect to remain friends with any tenant\nthat you are forced to evict. Landlord Tip #21, describes why you should never\nrent to friends.\n\n## Step 2: Have a Valid Reason for Eviction\n\nYou don’t want to start the process if you don’t have a good and lawful reason\nto. Typically, the following reasons (given fair notice to the tenant) will be\nsufficient for an eviction:\n\n * Failing to pay rent\n * Violating the lease/agreement (pets, subletting, illegal use, etc)\n * Causing significant damage to property\n * Breaking noise, occupancy, or health ordinances\n * Health or safety hazards caused by the tenant\n\nRemember, you’ll need documented proof of any claim against your tenant.\n“Innocent until proven guilty” is still overarching rule in the U.S. court\nsystem.\n\n## Step 3: Try to Reason with Your Tenants\n\nIf it doesn’t look like the law is entirely on your side, or if you just don’t\nwant to spend the time and energy on an eviction case, try reasoning with\nthem.\n\nMy suggestion would be to take your tenant to a public coffee shop and have a\nheart-to-heart chat about the situation. Often times, if you are\n“understanding but stern”, the tenant will agree to leave on their own accord.\nI prefer to have this conversation in a public location because the tenant is\nless likely to make a scene.\n\n### Be Understanding but Stern\n\nUse this “script” when talking to your tenant:\n\nI realize that you’re having trouble paying your rent, and I feel for your\nsituation. The fact is that I need someone in my rental that can pay rent, and\nif that’s not you, then you need to leave. Because I respect you, I wanted to\ngive you a chance to leave on your own before I file an eviction lawsuit.\n\nIf I have to go through the eviction process, it will ruin your credit score,\nand you won’t be able to get a mortgage, car loan, or any loan for a very long\ntime.\n\nWhen I win the case, I will also need to sue you for any back-due rent, in\nwhich I will eventually be able to use that judgement to garnish your wages.\nIf I have to do that, it will involve your employer, and will be very\nembarrassing for you.\n\nI don’t want to do that to you. How would you like to proceed? Will you pay\nyour rent immediately in full, or will you vacate the property ASAP?\n\n## Step 4: Give a Formal Notice of Eviction\n\nIf your tenant has chosen to be uncooperative, and you’ve established that you\nhave the right to evict your tenant, you will need to make sure you follow the\nset legal procedures exactly.\n\nOne of the most important steps is to provide adequate “notice of eviction”.\nThis is usually a simple document or form that gives an ultimatum – telling\nyour tenant why they are being evicted and what they can do to avoid that\neviction; pay rent, clean up the house, etc.\n\n### Tips for the Eviction Notice\n\n * It should include a deadline (date) to “pay-rent or move out”.\n * It should include the amount owed (including all fees)\n * You are typically required to post this notice within X number of days before filing the eviction paperwork with your local court.\n * This document should be taped to their front door, as well as sent via Certified Mail / Return Receipt Requested with the United States Postal Service (USPS)\n * Make it easy on yourself – use a state-specific eviction form template.\n\nAt this point, it’s their move...\n\nCongratulations, your tenant now knows that you’ve done your research, and\nthat you’re serious about the situation. Usually, a formal eviction notice is\nenough to whip them into shape.\n\nOtherwise, if the set amount of time (usually a week) goes by and nothing has\nchanged, it’s time to file the eviction with the courts.\n\n## Step 5: File Your Eviction with the Courts\n\nVisit your local courthouse to file your eviction and pay a fee (try not to\nthink about all the money, time, and energy that your tenant is costing you),\nat which point the clerk will schedule your hearing and will eventually notify\nthe tenant on your behalf – via a summons.\n\nYou will probably have to show proof (via receipt from certified mail) that\nyou have given the proper amount of time that your state requires for an\neviction notice.\n\n## Step 6: Prepare for and Attend the Court Hearing\n\nGather all related documentation and proof of your claim. You’ll want to have\nthe following items at a minimum:\n\n * lease agreements\n * bounced checks\n * records of payment of any kind\n * records of the communication between you and your tenant (phone and email records).\n * a copy of the written notice that you provided your tenant\n * dated proof that the tenant received the notice (a signature from the tenant, or receipt from the Post Office).\n\nSince a tenant won’t be able to lie about not paying their rent (since they\ncan’t fabricate real rent payment records), their most likely defense will be\nto claim that you didn’t properly inform them of the eviction. Be prepared.\n\nFrom the courts perspective, you will have the benefit of doubt on your side\n(some landlords might disagree with me). Besides, why would a landlord go\nthrough the trouble to evict someone for no reason?\n\nEven with that working in your favor, you need to step up to the plate, armed\nwith all the right information. Do your homework before your hearing.\n\nRemember to get some sleep the night before your scheduled court date so that\nyou are attentive and confident during the hearing. Always be honest and let\nyour documentation/evidence speak for itself.\n\n## Step 7: Evicting the Tenant\n\nIf all goes well in court (and it probably will), then your tenant will have a\nset amount of time to leave, which is anywhere from 48 hours to a week,\ndepending on where you live.\n\nIf your tenant doesn’t leave on time, you have the right to get someone from\nthe Sheriff’s department to escort them out and place their possessions on the\ncurb. It’s definitely not a favorable outcome, but it does happen.\n\n## Step 8: Collecting Past-Due Rent\n\n### Small Claims Court\n\nSome courts allow you to combine eviction and small claims lawsuits if they\nare related and involve the same individuals. If this is the case, you can sue\nfor any back-due rent at the same time as the eviction case.\n\nIf your local court does not allow this, you’ll have to file a separate small\nclaims lawsuit to pursue the owed rent money.\n\n### Garnish their Wages\n\nIf the judge determines that the tenant does owe you the past-due rent, you\nwill receive a “judgement” in your favor. This judgement will be delivered in\nthe form of a court order, which you can give to the tenant’s employer.\n\nThis will force the employer to garnish the tenant’s wages, and then pay you\nbefore the tenant gets paid.\n\nRelated Article: eHow: How to Garnish Wages for Back Rent\n\n### Garnish their Tax Refund\n\nBelieve it or not, you can actually garnish their tax refund! RentPrep does a\nfantastic job of explaining this process in the article: How to Execute Tax\nRefund Garnishments for Past Due Rent.\n\nWouldn’t that be a surprise when the tenant is expecting a $1,000 refund from\nthe government, and it all goes to you instead.\n\n### Use a Private Debt Collector\n\nDebt collection companies, like Rent Recovery Service, will help you collect\nthe debt and will report it to the 3 major credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian,\nand TransUnion). It is important to let the credit bureaus know about this\ndead-beat tenant so that future landlords will know to avoid him/her.\n\n## Bonus Video: An Overview of the Eviction Process\n\n## Protecting Yourself in the Future\n\nEvictions can be costly and time-consuming, so hopefully you can avoid ever\nneeding to perform one. You can protect yourself by gathering as much\ninformation as you can about potential tenants before they move in.\n\nCozy offers robust tenant screening tools that can help give you a more\ncomplete picture of your rental applicants. Best of all, they’re free for\nlandlords, and just $34.95 for your applicants.\n\nTenant credit reports can give you a good sense of an applicant’s personal\nfinancial situation, and whether or not they’ll be able to pay rent reliably,\non-time, every month. Meanwhile, background and eviction checks can help\nensure you’re renting to a tenant that doesn’t have a criminal history and\nhasn’t been evicted in the past.\n\n## Step-by-Step Infographic\n\nThe folks at LegalTemplates.net put together a clear infographic that makes it\neasy to understand the eviction process. While the steps don’t match the\narticle above exactly, it’s still the same process and completely accurate.\n\nSource: LegalTemplates.net\n\n## Other Helpful Articles:\n\n * The True Cost of Eviction is More Than $5,000\n * ezLandlordForms.com: Eviction Process – A Basic Step-by-Step Guide to Eviction\n * BiggerPockets.com: Evicting Tenants: A Step by Step Process For Dealing With Delinquent Tenants\n * Rocket Lawyer: How to Evict Tenants from a Rental Property\n\nphoto credit: Rafael Marquez Photography, vgm8383, Thomas Hawk,Linh H. Nguyen,\neliduke, suttonhoo, T a k, Joe Gratz via cc\n\nGet our free newsletter\n\nJoin 200,000+ landlords\n\n * Tips to increase income\n * Time-saving techniques\n * Powerful tools & resources\n\nYour privacy is safe\n\n###### Topics:\n\nEvictions, For Landlords, Laws & Regulations, Leases & Legal, Property\nManagement\n\n###### About Lucas Hall\n\nLucas is the Chief Landlordologist at Cozy. He has been a successful landlord\nfor over 10 years, with dozens of happy tenants and a profitable income\nproperty portfolio. Read more about Lucas's story.\n\n### Join the Discussion Cancel reply\n\n## Related Reading\n\nNew Jersey Rental Laws\n\nTopics: For Landlords, Laws & Regulations\n\nHawaii Rental Laws\n\nTopics: Laws & Regulations\n\nWest Virginia Rental Laws\n\nTopics: For Landlords, Laws & Regulations\n\nCozy\n\n * Home\n * Articles\n * Resources\n * Newsletter\n * About Us\n * Jobs\n\nFree Rental Property Software\n\nCopyright © 2012-2020 Cozy Services Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policy\nTerms of Use Sitemap\n\nFollow:\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * RSS\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.landlord.com/evicting_your_tenant.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210309172717/http://www.landlord.com/evicting_your_tenant.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "eviction process letters laws", "passages": [ "Each of the 50 states is a sovereign entity, and each has its own procedure for in listing the assistance of the law in dispossessing a tenant. All share the common feature of notice and an opportunity for the tenant to be heard before a law officer removes them from the property, i.e., due process. Evictions, with a few exceptions, start with a notice of some sort, giving the tenant an opportunity to do certain things or move, or simply to move within a limited time. It is this notice that places the tenant in the position of wrongfully withholding possession of the rental unit from the owner and gives the law the authority to come to the owner’s aid. There are many protections under the law for tenants as there are many legal rights that can be easily exercised by landlords to evict tenants who fail to comply with the any oral or written rental or lease agreement.", "1. Non-payment of Rent Notices-most of which the tenant must pay or vacate the premises. These are the most common eviction notices used.", "2. Conditional or Unconditional Quit or Vacate Notices –which either demand possession within a limited time out right or give the tenant an opportunity to perform some acts (correct or cure), other than pay rent, or vacate, at its option.", "Notices, where required, are essential to obtaining an order for dispossession. An eviction without a proper notice is a violation of due process of law, much is if your mortgage company were to send thugs out to remove you from your home if you are late on the payments, without going through the proper legal proceedings. Just as the courts will not allow a mortgage company to do this to you, they will not allow you to do it to your tenants.", "The content of the notice requirements are specified by your state legislature. You must serve a written notice containing all of the language required, and none of which is prohibited. If you are going to use a form, use one prepared with your states requirements in mind. Never use a generic form.", "Eviction is a huge expense. Do everything you can to avoid it. If you cannot avoid it, do all that is necessary to get it over with fast.", "Ways to Collect Rent: The More than Two Dozen Ways! – learn about the over 26 creative and effective ways landlords can collect rent", "Acknowledgment and Confirmation of Tenant’s Intent to Vacate Premises Letter – it always good landlording practice to confirm receiving the tenant’s notice to move-out", "FREE! Eviction Notice Termination Law Guide - 50 states - This is the most comprehensive summary eviction notice termination law guide available on the Internet and for all 50 states and the District of Columbia. It has been meticulously double checked and includes links to each state’s statute, not a blog or newspaper column filler. This chart gives a thumbnail of each states most commonly encountered eviction notice termination statutes.", "Eviction Bundle! We've bundled 4 of our most popular eviction articles from Landlord.com's e-Learning Series. Thousands have read and benefitted from \"Eviction Notice as a Foundation For a Successful Tenant Eviction,\" so we decided to throw in 3 more of our most popular eviction articles in the e-Learning Series: After the Eviction, How to Prevent Evictions and What to Do When the Tenant Leaves Early.", "Reporting Bad Tenants to National Credit Database – here’s one of the best ways to report your bad experience with a vacated tenant" ] }, "parsed_md": "Eviction notice - eviction - eviction process letters laws\n\n+\n\n| Evicting Your Tenant|\n\nEviction Notice Termination Law Guide - By State \n \n---|--- \n \n|\n\nInvaluable Legal Charts\n\nSecurity Deposit Law Guide Rent Control Laws by State Eviction Notice\nTermination Law Guide Landlord Right of Entry by State\n\n| |\n\n> Each of the 50 states is a sovereign entity, and each has its own procedure\n> for in listing the assistance of the law in dispossessing a tenant. All\n> share the common feature of notice and an opportunity for the tenant to be\n> heard before a law officer removes them from the property, i.e., due\n> process. Evictions, with a few exceptions, start with a notice of some sort,\n> giving the tenant an opportunity to do certain things or move, or simply to\n> move within a limited time. It is this notice that places the tenant in the\n> position of wrongfully withholding possession of the rental unit from the\n> owner and gives the law the authority to come to the owner’s aid. There are\n> many protections under the law for tenants as there are many legal rights\n> that can be easily exercised by landlords to evict tenants who fail to\n> comply with the any oral or written rental or lease agreement.\n>\n> Eviction notices can be divided into two groups:\n>\n> 1\\. Non-payment of Rent Notices-most of which the tenant must pay or vacate\n> the premises. These are the most common eviction notices used.\n>\n> 2\\. Conditional or Unconditional Quit or Vacate Notices –which either demand\n> possession within a limited time out right or give the tenant an opportunity\n> to perform some acts (correct or cure), other than pay rent, or vacate, at\n> its option.\n>\n> Notices, where required, are essential to obtaining an order for\n> dispossession. An eviction without a proper notice is a violation of due\n> process of law, much is if your mortgage company were to send thugs out to\n> remove you from your home if you are late on the payments, without going\n> through the proper legal proceedings. Just as the courts will not allow a\n> mortgage company to do this to you, they will not allow you to do it to your\n> tenants.\n>\n> The content of the notice requirements are specified by your state\n> legislature. You must serve a written notice containing all of the language\n> required, and none of which is prohibited. If you are going to use a form,\n> use one prepared with your states requirements in mind. Never use a generic\n> form.\n>\n> Eviction is a huge expense. Do everything you can to avoid it. If you cannot\n> avoid it, do all that is necessary to get it over with fast.\n>\n> |\n>\n> | Establish Procedures | Monitor/Prevention | Eviction Process | | Do It\n> Yourself | Eviction Resources | \n> \n> --- \n> \n> Establish Procedures: Adopting Excellent Management Practices\n>\n> * Renting Out Your Residential Property – American Bar Association Guide\n> * Establishing Rental Standards\n> * Properly Screening Prospective Tenants\n> * Training New and Current Tenants\n> * Welcome Letter with Rent Number 1 Priority – Start with the all-\n> important welcome new tenant\n> * Rent Collection Policy and Procedure – emphasize the importance of\n> paying rent timely\n> * How to Establish and Enforce a Rent Collection– learn how to execute\n> your own effective rent collection policy now\n> * Effective Rent Collection Techniques for Every Landlord – collect all\n> the rent every time\n> * “House Rules” – a great set of written rules tenants must follow\n> * Ways to Collect Rent: The More than Two Dozen Ways! – learn about the\n> over 26 creative and effective ways landlords can collect rent\n> * Avoiding Tenant Disputes – a good look at tenant problem solving\n> * Acknowledgment and Confirmation of Tenant’s Intent to Vacate Premises\n> Letter – it always good landlording practice to confirm receiving the\n> tenant’s notice to move-out\n>\n\n>\n> Monitor/Prevention: Confirming Company Policy and Procedures\n>\n> * Dealing with Problem Tenants\n> * Keeping a Lid on Landlord Troubles – see how one landlord faces the\n> challenge\n> * Avoid Lease Violations with this Lease Agreement ADDENDUM – use this\n> form to prevent problems\n> * Landlord Letters: Agreement and Lease Violations Letters– see a\n> comprehensive list of tenant warning letters that work\n>\n\n>\n> Eviction Process\n>\n> Reasons to Evict – check out the varied reasons for tenant eviction\n>\n> * Too Many Occupants? – a great read on the subject\n> * What to do When The Tenant Leaves Early- catch misbehaving tenants\n> before the move-out\n> * Lease Agreement Violation- the reason landlords should not sit on\n> recurring lease violations\n> * Unauthorized Pet Letter (first contact) - nip the violating tenant with\n> a pet early\n> * Demand for Removal of Violent Tenant Pet- warn tenant of violent pet\n> removal\n> * Prohibited Appliance – notify tenant of illegal appliance installation\n> * Early Move Out Lease Letter - Tenant Breaks Lease & Moves Early –\n> landlords stop a tenant from cheating on last months rent\n>\n\n>\n> Do-it-yourself – Landlord.com’s Do-it-yourself Center\n>\n> * Knowing Your State’s Landlord/Tenant Laws\n> * Landlord/Tenant Law – more resources for state eviction law\n> * HUD’s Legal Resources for Landlords & Tenants – all 50 states covered\n> * Renter’s Rights – good for landlords too\n> * Get Basic Help without a Lawyer – be your own attorney\n> * How Courts Work – a general overview of U.S. Courts\n>\n\n>\n> Contacting the Tenant\n>\n> Written Warning Letters\n>\n> Legal Resources – a list of on-line companies\n>\n> * How Evictions Work\n> * IMPERATIVE! Selecting the Proper Eviction Notice – find the right\n> eviction notice for your state\n> * Evictions, How to Win or Lose Them\n> * Illegal Evictions – watch out for traps tenants can set\n>\n\n> Hire a Landlord Lawyer\n>\n> * Find Legal Help – ABA Guide\n> * How to Find the Best Lawyer – a guide to finding lawyers on the Internet\n> * On-line Yellow Pages Directory – find “landlord attorney” or “eviction\n> service” in your area (type in either term)\n>\n\n>\n> Eviction Resources: Articles, Guides and Advice\n>\n> FREE! Eviction Notice Termination Law Guide - 50 states - This is the most\n> comprehensive summary eviction notice termination law guide available on the\n> Internet and for all 50 states and the District of Columbia. It has been\n> meticulously double checked and includes links to each state’s statute, not\n> a blog or newspaper column filler. This chart gives a thumbnail of each\n> states most commonly encountered eviction notice termination statutes.\n>\n> Eviction Bundle! We've bundled 4 of our most popular eviction articles from\n> Landlord.com's e-Learning Series. Thousands have read and benefitted from\n> \"Eviction Notice as a Foundation For a Successful Tenant Eviction,\" so we\n> decided to throw in 3 more of our most popular eviction articles in the\n> e-Learning Series: After the Eviction, How to Prevent Evictions and What to\n> Do When the Tenant Leaves Early.\n>\n> The Eviction Process Overview – a good review of the process (California\n> Overview)\n>\n> Is My Lawyer Giving Me Good Advice? – a must read for all landlords\n>\n> State by State Guide to Eviction – find your own states guide to doing an\n> eviction properly\n>\n> Collect Rent and Legal Expenses – use this letter to collect all the money\n> due you, including attorney fees\n>\n> After the Eviction – learn more about the eviction process\n>\n> Reporting Bad Tenants to National Credit Database – here’s one of the best\n> ways to report your bad experience with a vacated tenant\n\nTO FIND OUT MORE ABOUT YOUR LEGAL RIGHTS, CLICK HERE. \n \nHome | Contact Us | Help | Shop & Buy | About Us | Privacy Policy |\nAdvertising Inquiries | Join Landlord.com! | Search |\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/evictions-landlord-rules-29740.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190325162650/https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/evictions-landlord-rules-29740.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Evictions Work: Rules for Landlords and Property Managers", "passages": [ "A landlord can't begin an eviction lawsuit without first legally terminating the tenancy. This means giving the tenant written notice, as specified in the state's termination statute. If the tenant doesn't move (or reform—for example, by paying the rent or finding a new home for the dog), you can then file a lawsuit to evict. (Technically, this is called an unlawful detainer, or UD, lawsuit.)", "State laws set out detailed requirements to end a tenancy. Different types of termination notices are required for different types of situations, and each state has its own procedures as to how termination notices and eviction papers must be written and delivered (\"served\").", "Although terminology varies somewhat from state to state, there are basically three types of termination notices for tenancies that landlords terminate due to tenant misbehavior:", "Pay Rent or Quit Notices, which landlords typically use when the tenant has not paid the rent. They give the tenant a few days (three to five in most states) to pay the rent or move out (\"quit\").", "Cure or Quit Notices, which landlords typically give after a tenant violates a term or condition of the lease or rental agreement, such as a no-pets clause or the requirement to refrain from making excessive noise. Usually, the tenant has a set amount of time in which to correct, or \"cure,\" the violation. A tenant who fails to do so must move or face the possibility of an eviction lawsuit.", "Unconditional Quit Notices, which are the harshest of all. These order the tenant to vacate the premises with no chance to pay the rent or correct a lease or rental agreement violation. In most states, unconditional quit notices are allowed only when the tenant has:", "However, in some states, landlords are not required to give the tenant time in which to pay the overdue rent or fix a lease violation. In these states, landlords may use Unconditional Quit Notices for transgressions that would require Pay or Quit Notices or Cure or Quit Notices in other, more tenant- friendly states. In these states, landlords may extend second chances if they wish, but no law requires them to do so.", "Even after receiving notice, some tenants won't leave or fix the lease or rental agreement violation. If you still want the tenant to leave, you must begin an unlawful detainer lawsuit. This involves properly serving the tenant with a summons and complaint for eviction.", "Landlords may usually use a 30-Day or 60-Day Notice to Vacate to end a month- to-month tenancy when the tenant has not done anything wrong. Many rent control cities, however, do not allow this; they require the landlord to prove a legally recognized reason for eviction (\"just cause\") of the tenants.", "If the tenant decides to mount a defense, it may add weeks—even months—to the eviction process. A tenant can point to mistakes in the notice or the eviction complaint, or improper service (delivery) of either, in an attempt to delay or dismiss the case.", "The way that you have conducted business with the tenant may also affect the outcome: If your rental unit is uninhabitable or the tenant thinks you are retaliating for things like repair requests, this may excuse or shift attention away from the tenant's wrongdoing and diminish your chances of victory.", "If you win the unlawful detainer lawsuit, you will get a judgment for possession of the property and/or for unpaid rent. But you can't just move the tenant and the tenant's possessions out onto the sidewalk—trying to remove a tenant yourself can cause a lot of trouble. (For more information, see Don't Lock Out or Freeze Out a Tenant—It's Illegal.)", "A few states allow landlords to freely dispose of property a tenant leaves behind after moving out. Even in these states, this is legal only if it is quite clear that the tenant has left permanently, intending to turn the place over to the owner. In many states, landlords must follow storage and notification procedures.", "Typically, you must give the court judgment to a local law enforcement officer (sheriff or marshal), along with a fee that is charged to the tenant as part of your costs to bring suit. The sheriff or marshal gives the tenant a notice that the officer will be back within a number of days to physically remove the tenant if the tenant isn't gone by then.", "Landlords often chafe at the detailed rules that they must follow. There is a reason, however, why most states insist on strict compliance. First of all, an eviction case is, relatively speaking, a fast legal procedure. (How many other civil cases are over and done with after a few weeks?) The price to pay for this streamlined treatment is unwavering adherence to the rules.", "Second, what's at stake here—a tenant's home—is arguably more important than a civil case concerning money or business. Consequently, legislators have been extra careful to see that tenants get adequate notice and an opportunity to respond.", "Unless you thoroughly know your legal rights and duties before evicting a tenant, and unless you dot every \"i\" and cross every \"t,\" you may end up on the losing side. For help preparing and serving termination notices and the eviction summons and complaint for California properties, see The California Landlord's Law Book: Evictions, by Nils Rosenquest and David Brown (Nolo).", "For an overview of terminations and evictions in other states, including relevant state laws on termination for nonpayment of rent and for lease violations, see Every Landlord’s Legal Guide, by Janet Portman and Marcia Stewart.", "Copyright © 2019 MH Sub I, LLC dba Nolo ® Self-help services may not be permitted in all states. The information provided on this site is not legal advice, does not constitute a lawyer referral service, and no attorney-client or confidential relationship is or will be formed by use of the site. The attorney listings on this site are paid attorney advertising. In some states, the information on this website may be considered a lawyer referral service. Please reference the Terms of Use and the Supplemental Terms for specific information related to your state. Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of the Terms of Use, Supplemental Terms, Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy." ] }, "parsed_md": "How Evictions Work: Rules for Landlords and Property Managers | Nolo\n\n * Grow Your Legal Practice\n * Meet the Editors\n * Sign In\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Legal Topics\n 3. Landlords & Tenants\n 4. Evicting a Tenant or Ending a Lease\n\n# How Evictions Work: Rules for Landlords and Property Managers\n\n## An overview of the eviction process, including the termination notices\nrequired for different situations.\n\nBy Beth Dillman\n\nA landlord can't begin an eviction lawsuit without first legally terminating\nthe tenancy. This means giving the tenant written notice, as specified in the\nstate's termination statute. If the tenant doesn't move (or reform—for\nexample, by paying the rent or finding a new home for the dog), you can then\nfile a lawsuit to evict. (Technically, this is called an unlawful detainer, or\nUD, lawsuit.)\n\nState laws set out detailed requirements to end a tenancy. Different types of\ntermination notices are required for different types of situations, and each\nstate has its own procedures as to how termination notices and eviction papers\nmust be written and delivered (\"served\").\n\n## When You Can Send Tenant a Notice for Termination With Cause\n\nAlthough terminology varies somewhat from state to state, there are basically\nthree types of termination notices for tenancies that landlords terminate due\nto tenant misbehavior:\n\n * Pay Rent or Quit Notices, which landlords typically use when the tenant has not paid the rent. They give the tenant a few days (three to five in most states) to pay the rent or move out (\"quit\").\n * Cure or Quit Notices, which landlords typically give after a tenant violates a term or condition of the lease or rental agreement, such as a no-pets clause or the requirement to refrain from making excessive noise. Usually, the tenant has a set amount of time in which to correct, or \"cure,\" the violation. A tenant who fails to do so must move or face the possibility of an eviction lawsuit.\n * Unconditional Quit Notices, which are the harshest of all. These order the tenant to vacate the premises with no chance to pay the rent or correct a lease or rental agreement violation. In most states, unconditional quit notices are allowed only when the tenant has:\n\n * repeatedly violated a significant lease or rental agreement clause\n * been late with the rent on more than one occasion\n * seriously damaged the premises, or\n * engaged in serious illegal activity, such as drug dealing on the premises.\n\nHowever, in some states, landlords are not required to give the tenant time in\nwhich to pay the overdue rent or fix a lease violation. In these states,\nlandlords may use Unconditional Quit Notices for transgressions that would\nrequire Pay or Quit Notices or Cure or Quit Notices in other, more tenant-\nfriendly states. In these states, landlords may extend second chances if they\nwish, but no law requires them to do so.\n\nEven after receiving notice, some tenants won't leave or fix the lease or\nrental agreement violation. If you still want the tenant to leave, you must\nbegin an unlawful detainer lawsuit. This involves properly serving the tenant\nwith a summons and complaint for eviction.\n\n## When You Can Send Tenant a Notice for Termination Without Cause\n\nLandlords may usually use a 30-Day or 60-Day Notice to Vacate to end a month-\nto-month tenancy when the tenant has not done anything wrong. Many rent\ncontrol cities, however, do not allow this; they require the landlord to prove\na legally recognized reason for eviction (\"just cause\") of the tenants.\n\nWhen the tenant has a fixed-term lease, landlords typically cannot terminate\nthe lease without just cause.\n\n## Defenses to Eviction the Tenant Might Raise\n\nIf the tenant decides to mount a defense, it may add weeks—even months—to the\neviction process. A tenant can point to mistakes in the notice or the eviction\ncomplaint, or improper service (delivery) of either, in an attempt to delay or\ndismiss the case.\n\nThe way that you have conducted business with the tenant may also affect the\noutcome: If your rental unit is uninhabitable or the tenant thinks you are\nretaliating for things like repair requests, this may excuse or shift\nattention away from the tenant's wrongdoing and diminish your chances of\nvictory.\n\n## Removal of the Tenant After Winning Unlawful Detainer Suit\n\nIf you win the unlawful detainer lawsuit, you will get a judgment for\npossession of the property and/or for unpaid rent. But you can't just move the\ntenant and the tenant's possessions out onto the sidewalk—trying to remove a\ntenant yourself can cause a lot of trouble. (For more information, see Don't\nLock Out or Freeze Out a Tenant—It's Illegal.)\n\n### Be Careful When Removing Tenants' Abandoned Property\n\nA few states allow landlords to freely dispose of property a tenant leaves\nbehind after moving out. Even in these states, this is legal only if it is\nquite clear that the tenant has left permanently, intending to turn the place\nover to the owner. In many states, landlords must follow storage and\nnotification procedures.\n\nTypically, you must give the court judgment to a local law enforcement officer\n(sheriff or marshal), along with a fee that is charged to the tenant as part\nof your costs to bring suit. The sheriff or marshal gives the tenant a notice\nthat the officer will be back within a number of days to physically remove the\ntenant if the tenant isn't gone by then.\n\n## Rationale for the Rules About Evicting a Tenant\n\nLandlords often chafe at the detailed rules that they must follow. There is a\nreason, however, why most states insist on strict compliance. First of all, an\neviction case is, relatively speaking, a fast legal procedure. (How many other\ncivil cases are over and done with after a few weeks?) The price to pay for\nthis streamlined treatment is unwavering adherence to the rules.\n\nSecond, what's at stake here—a tenant's home—is arguably more important than a\ncivil case concerning money or business. Consequently, legislators have been\nextra careful to see that tenants get adequate notice and an opportunity to\nrespond.\n\n## For More Help in Evicting a Tenant\n\nUnless you thoroughly know your legal rights and duties before evicting a\ntenant, and unless you dot every \"i\" and cross every \"t,\" you may end up on\nthe losing side. For help preparing and serving termination notices and the\neviction summons and complaint for California properties, see The California\nLandlord's Law Book: Evictions, by Nils Rosenquest and David Brown (Nolo).\n\nFor an overview of terminations and evictions in other states, including\nrelevant state laws on termination for nonpayment of rent and for lease\nviolations, see Every Landlord’s Legal Guide, by Janet Portman and Marcia\nStewart.\n\n### Talk to a Lawyer\n\n#### Need a lawyer? Start here.\n\n#### How it Works\n\n 1. Briefly tell us about your case\n 2. Provide your contact information\n 3. Choose attorneys to contact you\n\n### Free Legal Information\n\nLandlords & Rental Property Managing Your Landlord Business Rental Property\nMaintenance Landlord's Right to Enter Collecting and Returning Security\nDeposits Landlord Liability Issues Evicting a Tenant or Ending a Lease\n\nRenters' Rights Renting a House or Apartment Repairs and Maintenance Tenant\nRights to Privacy and Safety Security Deposits Rent Rules: Rent Control,\nIncreases, & More Evictions and Terminations\n\n### Books, Forms & eGuides\n\nLandlord Books\n\nEvery Landlord's Legal Guide\n\nEvery Landlord's Tax Deduction Guide\n\nEvery Landlord's Guide to Finding Great Tenants\n\nTenant Guides\n\nEvery Tenant's Legal Guide\n\nRenters' Rights\n\nGet Your Security Deposit Back\n\n### Related Products\n\nMORE\n\nEvery Airbnb Host's Tax Guide\n\nEvery Landlord's Guide to Finding Great Tenants\n\nEvery Landlord's Guide to Managing Property\n\nEvery Landlord's Legal Guide\n\n### Related Ads\n\nNEED PROFESSIONAL HELP ?\n\n## Talk to a Landlord-Tenant attorney.\n\n#### How It Works\n\n 1. Briefly tell us about your case\n 2. Provide your contact information\n 3. Choose attorneys to contact you\n\nCopyright © 2019 MH Sub I, LLC dba Nolo ® Self-help services may not be\npermitted in all states. The information provided on this site is not legal\nadvice, does not constitute a lawyer referral service, and no attorney-client\nor confidential relationship is or will be formed by use of the site. The\nattorney listings on this site are paid attorney advertising. In some states,\nthe information on this website may be considered a lawyer referral service.\nPlease reference the Terms of Use and the Supplemental Terms for specific\ninformation related to your state. Your use of this website constitutes\nacceptance of the Terms of Use, Supplemental Terms, Privacy Policy and Cookie\nPolicy.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.uniformlaws.org/Act.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160912140514/http://www.uniformlaws.org/Act.aspx?title=Residential%20Landlord%20and%20Tenant%20Act%202015", "parsed_text": { "title": "Residential Landlord and Tenant Act 2015", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Residential Landlord and Tenant Act 2015\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.expertlaw.com/library/real_estate/evicting_tenant.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423022654/https://www.expertlaw.com/library/real_estate/evicting_tenant.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Evicting a Tenant: Considerations for Landlords", "passages": [ "Landlords sometimes find themselves in the difficult position of having a tenant who is not paying rent, who is causing problems for other tenants, who is damaging the rental unit, or whose conduct otherwise makes it unwise to continue the landlord-tenant relationship. While state and local laws governing eviction can vary significantly, and landlords who manage government-subsidized housing may be restricted by additional state or federal regulation.", "In most jurisdictions, there is an expedited process for evicting a tenant for nonpayment of rent. While it can still sometimes be frustratingly slow for a landlord who needs the rental income, the time it takes to get an eviction order through a summary proceeding for nonpayment of rent is still usually less than for any other time of eviction proceeding.", "The process of eviction begins with serving the tenant with a formal notice that the rent is overdue, and that they face possible eviction. In most states, pre-printed notice forms are available that comply with state notice requirements, and a landlord can use the form to issue notices for nonpayment of rent. Landlords who fashion their own forms risk having their notices deemed legally inadequate.", "After a legally defined period of time, usually about a week, if the rent arrearage has not been paid the landlord can commence eviction proceedings on the basis of the nonpayment. Landlords sometimes run into trouble by accepting a partial payment during the eviction process. In most jurisdictions, the acceptance of any payment of rent (no matter how small) will result in the dismissal of an action for nonpayment.", "An eviction action based upon nonpayment may result in an order for eviction, or in many cases with an order that authorizes the landlord to evict the tenant if the rent is not paid by a specific deadline (e.g., ten days after the court enters the judgment). It may be necessary to obtain an additional order or writ from the court at the end of that period, authorizing the physical eviction of the tenant and removal of the tenant's belongings from the rented premises.", "An order of eviction may not qualify as a money judgment for collection purposes - if the landlord believes it will be beneficial to refer the rent delinquency to a collection agency, the landlord should check local procedures to make sure that it won't be necessary to return to court to transform the court's order of eviction into a money judgment.", "If a tenant is not complying with the terms of a lease, under most circumstances it makes sense for the landlord to provide a written warning of the violation, referencing the lease provision that the tenant is violating, and specifying a fixed amount of time for the tenant to remedy the problem, and inviting a written response from the tenant. This procedure avoids the potential problem that a tenant can claim that they did not know they were in violation of the lease, that they didn't have notice of a violation, that they didn't understand the lease, or that the problem was resolved as soon as they were served with a legal notice threatening eviction.", "Providing the tenant with a written notice of a violation is often the cheapest way to resolve a problem with the tenant. Also, a judge may be sympathetic to the argument that the tenant immediately complied with the lease once the nature of the violation was known, and it becomes harder for tenants to make such an argument if they ignored a prior written notice and deadline.", "At times a landlord may encounter a problem tenant whose pattern of conduct is such that the landlord will want to proceed with an eviction even if they comply with the most recent notice. If the landlord has a record of prior written warnings, that record may help convince a court that eviction is the proper remedy.", "Also, some tenants lie convincingly - it will help, for example, to document that a tenant was warned about owning a dog, if they otherwise intend to pretend to a court that they were merely dog sitting for a couple of days or that the dog belonged to a friend who was visiting. Recall that judges are people, and that even the worst tenant can present a sympathetic face to a court or, when available, to a jury.", "If the lease requires specific notice, or requires that the landlord give the tenant a hearing before commencing court action, the landlord should follow those provisions. If the landlord is not in full compliance with the lease, it may be very difficult to convince a court that a tenant should be held to the strict terms of the lease.", "Sometimes, a tenant's conduct will pose a health or safety problem for other tenants, or for the property in general. In many jurisdictions, there is a special type of action available to evict tenants whose actions create a health hazard or damage the premises.", "Typically, notice must be served upon the tenant, describing a fixed period of time (e.g., seven days) during which the tenant must remedy or repair the problem, or move out. If the tenant does not take timely corrective action, the landlord can then commence eviction proceedings.", "If a landlord doesn't want to retain the tenant even if the problem is remedied, it may be appropriate to serve a notice of eviction on the health or safety issue, while also serving a general notice of termination of the tenancy. If the problem isn't repaired, the landlord can proceed under the shorter notice provision associated with a health and safety eviction. If the problem is resolved, the landlord can still proceed with a standard termination of the tenancy. Before serving multiple notices on a tenant, a landlord should verify that state law permits the giving of more than one simultaneous notice of eviction, and that a court won't deem multiple notices to be unduly confusing to a tenant.", "When a tenant files for bankruptcy, the filing triggers an automatic stay, a court order that prevents the continuation of eviction proceedings until either the bankruptcy is resolved or the bankruptcy court otherwise permits eviction proceedings to continue by lifting the stay. The bankruptcy filing may thus necessitate bringing a motion before the bankruptcy court, asking that the stay be lifted so that an eviction may proceed.", "Please note that while a bankruptcy action may result in the full or partial discharge of a rent arrearage up to the date the bankruptcy case is filed, the tenant is obligated to pay any new rent obligations that arise after that date. While it is still necessary to have the automatic stay lifted before proceeding with an eviction, bankruptcy courts are typically sympathetic to landlords whose tenants fail to pay rent even after they file their bankruptcy petitions.", "When served with an eviction lawsuit, some tenants will bring a counter-claim against the landlord claiming lease violations or inadequate maintenance of the property by the landlord, and asking that the eviction proceedings be stopped or that they receive a substantial rent abatement for any arrearage owed.", "Tenants may allege violations of applicable consumer protection laws, including protections against retaliatory eviction, through which the tenant claims that the landlord is evicting the tenant in retaliation for such actions as reporting the landlord to a government agency for alleged housing violations.", "It is good practice for landlords to keep written records of any complaints received by tenants about the rental unit or common areas, and of the steps taken to resolve the problem. Good records can obviate a tenant's claim that they repeatedly complained about a problem with their unit and that the landlord did not respond. For example, if the tenant complains that a furnace didn't work, the landlord should record the date, time and nature of the complaint, the date and time that a repair service remedied the problem, and that the problem was in fact fixed.", "Almost all landlords charge security deposits to their tenants, in order to protect themselves against the cost of repairing a rental property that is damaged by a tenant or for rent arrears that are owed by a former tenant. Knowing the law that governs security deposits can help a landlord prevent an unnecessary counter-claim, as well as ensuring that the damage deposit can be used for its intended purpose.", "Landlords sometimes make technical mistakes when a tenant moves out, and end up having to return a damage deposit that they would otherwise like to apply to damage caused by the tenant. For example, if the law prevents a landlord from deducting the cost of cleaning an apartment from a damage deposit, the tenant may have a cause of action against the landlord if the landlord mistakenly deducts the cost of a cleaning service from the damage deposit before returning the balance.", "It makes sense for landlords to have a full understanding of the law, or having their standard leases reviewed by a lawyer, before including an improper or unenforceable provision that may eventually cause problems. For example, some states permit a landlord to charge a nonrefundable cleaning fee at the time the lease is signed, but other states would treat any such fee as a form of security deposit. Where such a fee is classified as a security deposit, the charge may cause the landlord to be treated as having charged an excessive deposit, and the fee will be deemed refundable even if the language of the lease provides otherwise.", "In some states, a landlord must provide a specific notice of any claimed damage to the rental unit, along with the estimated cost of repair, before any deduction can be made from a damage deposit. In most states a landlord must provide an explanation of the reasons for deductions from a security deposit, and an itemized list of amounts withheld.", "In some states a landlord is required to place tenants' security deposits in a dedicated bank account, and a landlord may face penalties for failing to properly hold security deposits. A few states require that the deposit be held in an interest-bearing account, with interest paid to the tenants.", "If a landlord does not comply with a state's security deposit law, in some states the entire damage deposit must be returned no matter how badly the tenant damaged the property. In many states, non-compliance may trigger additional financial penalties against the landlord.", "If your action against a tenant is going to trial, make sure you have all of your documentation together before you go to court. You should make copies, so that you can provide a copy to the court for its file or as an exhibit for the jury, as well as being able to provide a copy to opposing counsel.", "You should identify any witnesses you will wish to call in advance of the trial, and subpoena them to appear. Even if your witnesses promise to appear, a subpoena will allow them to get out of work if their employer won't otherwise release them, and will provide you with some level of protection if they get cold feet about testifying.", "It is generally advisable for a landlord to obtain representation by counsel for eviction proceedings. Corporate landlords may have difficulty representing themselves through an agent, due to restrictions on who can represent a corporation in court. Landowners who have not incorporated may find that the legal process is difficult, may not know how to examine witnesses or present evidence, may not understand what needs to be proved to win an eviction action, and may not know how to respond to a tenant's plea for sympathy - particularly when presented to a jury. In most areas, there are lawyers who handle evictions on a regular basis for larger landlords. If you don't know how to find an attorney, consider asking a major landlord in the area who they use for their eviction cases.", "Landlords who have any significant number of housing units will benefit from forming a relationship with a lawyer, who can advise them on eviction issues and handle any legal actions for them. Often, when such a relationship is established in advance, the lawyer will agree to perform certain legal tasks on a flat fee basis. Hiring lawyers on a case-by-case basis may result in significantly higher legal fees for landlord-tenant issues.", "Copyright © 2004 Aaron Larson, All rights reserved. No portion of this article may be reproduced without the express written permission of the copyright holder. If you use a quotation, excerpt or paraphrase of this article, except as otherwise authorized in writing by the author of the article you must cite this article as a source for your work and include a link back to the original article from any online materials that incorporate or are derived from the content of this article." ] }, "parsed_md": "Evicting a Tenant: Considerations for Landlords | ExpertLaw\n\nJump to navigation\n\n# ExpertLaw\n\nLegal Help, Information, and Resources\n\n## You are here\n\nHome > Legal Articles > Property Law > Evicting a Tenant: Considerations for\nLandlords\n\n# Evicting a Tenant: Considerations for Landlords\n\nBy Aaron Larson | Law Offices of Aaron Larson\n\nMay 8, 2018\n\n * Tweet Widget\n\nLandlords sometimes find themselves in the difficult position of having a\ntenant who is not paying rent, who is causing problems for other tenants, who\nis damaging the rental unit, or whose conduct otherwise makes it unwise to\ncontinue the landlord-tenant relationship. While state and local laws\ngoverning eviction can vary significantly, and landlords who manage\ngovernment-subsidized housing may be restricted by additional state or federal\nregulation.\n\n### Contents\n\n * Nonpayment of Rent\n * Violation of the Lease\n * Health and Safety Issues\n * Bankruptcy\n * Counter-Claims by Tenants\n * Trials\n\nThe following suggestions will help most landlords when they find themselves\nin this unpleasant position.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Nonpayment of Rent\n\nIn most jurisdictions, there is an expedited process for evicting a tenant for\nnonpayment of rent. While it can still sometimes be frustratingly slow for a\nlandlord who needs the rental income, the time it takes to get an eviction\norder through a summary proceeding for nonpayment of rent is still usually\nless than for any other time of eviction proceeding.\n\nThe process of eviction begins with serving the tenant with a formal notice\nthat the rent is overdue, and that they face possible eviction. In most\nstates, pre-printed notice forms are available that comply with state notice\nrequirements, and a landlord can use the form to issue notices for nonpayment\nof rent. Landlords who fashion their own forms risk having their notices\ndeemed legally inadequate.\n\nAfter a legally defined period of time, usually about a week, if the rent\narrearage has not been paid the landlord can commence eviction proceedings on\nthe basis of the nonpayment. Landlords sometimes run into trouble by accepting\na partial payment during the eviction process. In most jurisdictions, the\nacceptance of any payment of rent (no matter how small) will result in the\ndismissal of an action for nonpayment.\n\nAn eviction action based upon nonpayment may result in an order for eviction,\nor in many cases with an order that authorizes the landlord to evict the\ntenant if the rent is not paid by a specific deadline (e.g., ten days after\nthe court enters the judgment). It may be necessary to obtain an additional\norder or writ from the court at the end of that period, authorizing the\nphysical eviction of the tenant and removal of the tenant's belongings from\nthe rented premises.\n\nAn order of eviction may not qualify as a money judgment for collection\npurposes - if the landlord believes it will be beneficial to refer the rent\ndelinquency to a collection agency, the landlord should check local procedures\nto make sure that it won't be necessary to return to court to transform the\ncourt's order of eviction into a money judgment.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Violation of the Lease\n\nIf a tenant is not complying with the terms of a lease, under most\ncircumstances it makes sense for the landlord to provide a written warning of\nthe violation, referencing the lease provision that the tenant is violating,\nand specifying a fixed amount of time for the tenant to remedy the problem,\nand inviting a written response from the tenant. This procedure avoids the\npotential problem that a tenant can claim that they did not know they were in\nviolation of the lease, that they didn't have notice of a violation, that they\ndidn't understand the lease, or that the problem was resolved as soon as they\nwere served with a legal notice threatening eviction.\n\nProviding the tenant with a written notice of a violation is often the\ncheapest way to resolve a problem with the tenant. Also, a judge may be\nsympathetic to the argument that the tenant immediately complied with the\nlease once the nature of the violation was known, and it becomes harder for\ntenants to make such an argument if they ignored a prior written notice and\ndeadline.\n\nAt times a landlord may encounter a problem tenant whose pattern of conduct is\nsuch that the landlord will want to proceed with an eviction even if they\ncomply with the most recent notice. If the landlord has a record of prior\nwritten warnings, that record may help convince a court that eviction is the\nproper remedy.\n\nAlso, some tenants lie convincingly - it will help, for example, to document\nthat a tenant was warned about owning a dog, if they otherwise intend to\npretend to a court that they were merely dog sitting for a couple of days or\nthat the dog belonged to a friend who was visiting. Recall that judges are\npeople, and that even the worst tenant can present a sympathetic face to a\ncourt or, when available, to a jury.\n\nIf the lease requires specific notice, or requires that the landlord give the\ntenant a hearing before commencing court action, the landlord should follow\nthose provisions. If the landlord is not in full compliance with the lease, it\nmay be very difficult to convince a court that a tenant should be held to the\nstrict terms of the lease.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Health and Safety Issues\n\nSometimes, a tenant's conduct will pose a health or safety problem for other\ntenants, or for the property in general. In many jurisdictions, there is a\nspecial type of action available to evict tenants whose actions create a\nhealth hazard or damage the premises.\n\nTypically, notice must be served upon the tenant, describing a fixed period of\ntime (e.g., seven days) during which the tenant must remedy or repair the\nproblem, or move out. If the tenant does not take timely corrective action,\nthe landlord can then commence eviction proceedings.\n\nIf a landlord doesn't want to retain the tenant even if the problem is\nremedied, it may be appropriate to serve a notice of eviction on the health or\nsafety issue, while also serving a general notice of termination of the\ntenancy. If the problem isn't repaired, the landlord can proceed under the\nshorter notice provision associated with a health and safety eviction. If the\nproblem is resolved, the landlord can still proceed with a standard\ntermination of the tenancy. Before serving multiple notices on a tenant, a\nlandlord should verify that state law permits the giving of more than one\nsimultaneous notice of eviction, and that a court won't deem multiple notices\nto be unduly confusing to a tenant.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Bankruptcy\n\nWhen a tenant files for bankruptcy, the filing triggers an automatic stay, a\ncourt order that prevents the continuation of eviction proceedings until\neither the bankruptcy is resolved or the bankruptcy court otherwise permits\neviction proceedings to continue by lifting the stay. The bankruptcy filing\nmay thus necessitate bringing a motion before the bankruptcy court, asking\nthat the stay be lifted so that an eviction may proceed.\n\nPlease note that while a bankruptcy action may result in the full or partial\ndischarge of a rent arrearage up to the date the bankruptcy case is filed, the\ntenant is obligated to pay any new rent obligations that arise after that\ndate. While it is still necessary to have the automatic stay lifted before\nproceeding with an eviction, bankruptcy courts are typically sympathetic to\nlandlords whose tenants fail to pay rent even after they file their bankruptcy\npetitions.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Counter-Claims by Tenants\n\nWhen served with an eviction lawsuit, some tenants will bring a counter-claim\nagainst the landlord claiming lease violations or inadequate maintenance of\nthe property by the landlord, and asking that the eviction proceedings be\nstopped or that they receive a substantial rent abatement for any arrearage\nowed.\n\nTenants may allege violations of applicable consumer protection laws,\nincluding protections against retaliatory eviction, through which the tenant\nclaims that the landlord is evicting the tenant in retaliation for such\nactions as reporting the landlord to a government agency for alleged housing\nviolations.\n\nIt is good practice for landlords to keep written records of any complaints\nreceived by tenants about the rental unit or common areas, and of the steps\ntaken to resolve the problem. Good records can obviate a tenant's claim that\nthey repeatedly complained about a problem with their unit and that the\nlandlord did not respond. For example, if the tenant complains that a furnace\ndidn't work, the landlord should record the date, time and nature of the\ncomplaint, the date and time that a repair service remedied the problem, and\nthat the problem was in fact fixed.\n\n### Security Deposits\n\nAlmost all landlords charge security deposits to their tenants, in order to\nprotect themselves against the cost of repairing a rental property that is\ndamaged by a tenant or for rent arrears that are owed by a former tenant.\nKnowing the law that governs security deposits can help a landlord prevent an\nunnecessary counter-claim, as well as ensuring that the damage deposit can be\nused for its intended purpose.\n\nLandlords sometimes make technical mistakes when a tenant moves out, and end\nup having to return a damage deposit that they would otherwise like to apply\nto damage caused by the tenant. For example, if the law prevents a landlord\nfrom deducting the cost of cleaning an apartment from a damage deposit, the\ntenant may have a cause of action against the landlord if the landlord\nmistakenly deducts the cost of a cleaning service from the damage deposit\nbefore returning the balance.\n\nIt makes sense for landlords to have a full understanding of the law, or\nhaving their standard leases reviewed by a lawyer, before including an\nimproper or unenforceable provision that may eventually cause problems. For\nexample, some states permit a landlord to charge a nonrefundable cleaning fee\nat the time the lease is signed, but other states would treat any such fee as\na form of security deposit. Where such a fee is classified as a security\ndeposit, the charge may cause the landlord to be treated as having charged an\nexcessive deposit, and the fee will be deemed refundable even if the language\nof the lease provides otherwise.\n\nIn some states, a landlord must provide a specific notice of any claimed\ndamage to the rental unit, along with the estimated cost of repair, before any\ndeduction can be made from a damage deposit. In most states a landlord must\nprovide an explanation of the reasons for deductions from a security deposit,\nand an itemized list of amounts withheld.\n\nIn some states a landlord is required to place tenants' security deposits in a\ndedicated bank account, and a landlord may face penalties for failing to\nproperly hold security deposits. A few states require that the deposit be held\nin an interest-bearing account, with interest paid to the tenants.\n\nIf a landlord does not comply with a state's security deposit law, in some\nstates the entire damage deposit must be returned no matter how badly the\ntenant damaged the property. In many states, non-compliance may trigger\nadditional financial penalties against the landlord.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Trials\n\nIf your action against a tenant is going to trial, make sure you have all of\nyour documentation together before you go to court. You should make copies, so\nthat you can provide a copy to the court for its file or as an exhibit for the\njury, as well as being able to provide a copy to opposing counsel.\n\nYou should identify any witnesses you will wish to call in advance of the\ntrial, and subpoena them to appear. Even if your witnesses promise to appear,\na subpoena will allow them to get out of work if their employer won't\notherwise release them, and will provide you with some level of protection if\nthey get cold feet about testifying.\n\nIt is generally advisable for a landlord to obtain representation by counsel\nfor eviction proceedings. Corporate landlords may have difficulty representing\nthemselves through an agent, due to restrictions on who can represent a\ncorporation in court. Landowners who have not incorporated may find that the\nlegal process is difficult, may not know how to examine witnesses or present\nevidence, may not understand what needs to be proved to win an eviction\naction, and may not know how to respond to a tenant's plea for sympathy -\nparticularly when presented to a jury. In most areas, there are lawyers who\nhandle evictions on a regular basis for larger landlords. If you don't know\nhow to find an attorney, consider asking a major landlord in the area who they\nuse for their eviction cases.\n\nLandlords who have any significant number of housing units will benefit from\nforming a relationship with a lawyer, who can advise them on eviction issues\nand handle any legal actions for them. Often, when such a relationship is\nestablished in advance, the lawyer will agree to perform certain legal tasks\non a flat fee basis. Hiring lawyers on a case-by-case basis may result in\nsignificantly higher legal fees for landlord-tenant issues.\n\nBack to top\n\nCopyright © 2004 Aaron Larson, All rights reserved. No portion of this article\nmay be reproduced without the express written permission of the copyright\nholder. If you use a quotation, excerpt or paraphrase of this article, except\nas otherwise authorized in writing by the author of the article you must cite\nthis article as a source for your work and include a link back to the original\narticle from any online materials that incorporate or are derived from the\ncontent of this article.\n\nThis article was last reviewed or amended on May 8, 2018.\n\n## About the Author\n\n### Aaron Larson\n\n#### Law Offices of Aaron Larson\n\nLawyer and author of books, articles, and legal reference materials.\n\n## Legal Help, Information, and Resources\n\n * Legal Articles\n\nLegal articles on a wide range of subjects.\n\n * Expert Witness Directory\n\nEasy to use directory of expert witnesses.\n\n * Law Practice Support\n\nProfessionals who provide support and consultation services to law firms.\n\n * Lawyer Directory\n\nDirectory of lawyers\n\n * Private Investigators\n\nFind a private investigator.\n\n * Law Forums\n\nDiscussion forums for legal questions and issues.\n\n## Related Articles\n\n * #### How Home Equity Loans Work in Texas\n\n * #### So You're Being Evicted? Tips for Tenants\n\n * #### Eminent Domain\n\n * #### If You're Not Married Can You Lock Your Ex- Out of Your Home\n\n * #### Adverse Possession\n\n * #### Acquiescence To A Boundary Line\n\n * #### What is an Easement\n\n * #### Common Types of Deed\n\n## More Articles About:\n\n * #### Real Estate\n\n * #### Landlord-Tenant Law\n\n * #### Eviction\n\n * #### State Law\n\nExpertLaw - Legal Help, Information And Resources\n\nCopyright © 1998-2021 Aaron Larson, all rights reserved.\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n * Terms of Use / Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.uslegalforms.com/realestate/eviction/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210829055408/https://www.uslegalforms.com/realestate/eviction/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Download Online Eviction Forms And Eviction Notice Form - Eviction Notice Template", "passages": [ "US Legal Forms has both specific and general Evictions for virtually every need. Simply select your state and download the appropriate Eviction form, depending upon your situation.", "USLegal has been awarded the TopTenREVIEWS Gold Award 9 years in a row as the most comprehensive and helpful online legal forms services on the market today. TopTenReviews wrote \"there is such an extensive range of documents covering so many topics that it is unlikely you would need to look anywhere else\".", "USLegal received the following as compared to 9 other form sites. Forms 10/10, Features Set 10/10, Ease of Use 10/10, Customer Service 10/10." ] }, "parsed_md": "Download Online Eviction Forms And Eviction Notice Form - Eviction Notice\nTemplate | US Legal Forms\n\n * US Legal Forms >\n * Real Estate >\n * Eviction Forms\n\n# Eviction Forms - Eviction Notice Template\n\nUS Legal Forms has both specific and general Evictions for virtually every\nneed. Simply select your state and download the appropriate Eviction form,\ndepending upon your situation.\n\n * Alabama\n * Alaska\n * Arizona\n * Arkansas\n * California\n * Colorado\n * Connecticut\n * Delaware\n * District of Columbia\n * Florida\n * Georgia\n * Hawaii\n * Idaho\n * Illinois\n\n * Indiana\n * Iowa\n * Kansas\n * Kentucky\n * Louisiana\n * Maine\n * Maryland\n * Massachusetts\n * Michigan\n * Minnesota\n * Mississippi\n * Missouri\n * Montana\n * Nebraska\n\n * Nevada\n * New Hampshire\n * New Jersey\n * New Mexico\n * New York\n * North Carolina\n * North Dakota\n * Ohio\n * Oklahoma\n * Oregon\n * Pennsylvania\n * Rhode Island\n * South Carolina\n * South Dakota\n\n * Tennessee\n * Texas\n * Utah\n * Vermont\n * Virginia\n * Washington\n * Wisconsin\n * West Virginia\n * Wyoming\n\nGold Award 2006-2018\n\nBEST Legal Forms Company\n\n11 Year Winner in all Categories: Forms, Features, Customer Service and Ease\nof Use.\n\n### Our Customers Believe! Eviction Notices For\n\n\"You have an excellent service and I will be sure to pass the word.\"\n\nForm Packages\n\nAdoption\n\nBankruptcy\n\nContractors\n\nDivorce\n\nHome Sales\n\nEmployment\n\nIdentity Theft\n\nIncorporation\n\nLandlord Tenant\n\nLiving Trust\n\nName Change\n\nPersonal Planning\n\nSmall Business\n\nWills & Estates\n\nPackages A-Z\n\nForm Categories\n\nAffidavits\n\nBankruptcy\n\nBill of Sale\n\nCorporate - LLC\n\nDivorce\n\nEmployment\n\nIdentity Theft\n\nInternet Technology\n\nLandlord Tenant\n\nLiving Wills\n\nName Change\n\nPower of Attorney\n\nReal Estate\n\nSmall Estates\n\nWills\n\nForms A-Z\n\nForm Library\n\nCustomer Service\n\nTerms of Service\n\nDMCA Policy\n\nAbout Us\n\nAffiliates\n\nContact Us\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\nDelete My Account\n\nSite Map\n\nSearch all Forms\n\nLegal Guides\n\nReal Estate Handbook\n\nDUI Guide\n\nAll Guides\n\nPrepared for You\n\nNotarize\n\nOur Customers\n\nFor Consumers\n\nFor Small Business\n\nFor Attorneys\n\nOur Sites\n\nUS Legal Forms\n\nUSLegal\n\nFormsPass\n\npdfFiller\n\nsignNow\n\nairSlate workflows\n\nSell Documents Online\n\nSocial Media\n\nCall us now toll free:\n\n1-877-389-0141\n\nAs seen in:\n\n© Copyright 1997-2021 airSlate Legal Forms, Inc. 3720 Flowood Dr, Flowood,\nMississippi 39232\n\nForm Packages\n\nAdoption\n\nBankruptcy\n\nContractors\n\nDivorce\n\nHome Sales\n\nEmployment\n\nIdentity Theft\n\nIncorporation\n\nLandlord Tenant\n\nLiving Trust\n\nName Change\n\nPersonal Planning\n\nSmall Business\n\nWills & Estates\n\nPackages A-Z\n\nForm Categories\n\nAffidavits\n\nBankruptcy\n\nBill of Sale\n\nCorporate - LLC\n\nDivorce\n\nEmployment\n\nIdentity Theft\n\nInternet Technology\n\nLandlord Tenant\n\nLiving Wills\n\nName Change\n\nPower of Attorney\n\nReal Estate\n\nSmall Estates\n\nWills\n\nForms A-Z\n\nForm Library\n\nCustomer Service\n\nTerms of Service\n\nDMCA Policy\n\nAbout Us\n\nAffiliates\n\nContact Us\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\nDelete My Account\n\nSite Map\n\nSearch all Forms\n\nLegal Guides\n\nReal Estate Handbook\n\nDUI Guide\n\nAll Guides\n\nPrepared for You\n\nNotarize\n\nOur Customers\n\nFor Consumers\n\nFor Small Business\n\nFor Attorneys\n\nOur Sites\n\nUS Legal Forms\n\nUSLegal\n\nFormsPass\n\npdfFiller\n\nsignNow\n\nairSlate workflows\n\nSell Documents Online\n\nSocial Media\n\nCall us now toll free:\n\n1-877-389-0141\n\nAs seen in:\n\n© Copyright 1997-2021 airSlate Legal Forms, Inc. 3720 Flowood Dr, Flowood,\nMississippi 39232\n\n#### BEST Legal Forms Company\n\n## TOP TEN REVIEWS WINNER - 9 YEARS STRAIGHT!\n\nUSLegal has been awarded the TopTenREVIEWS Gold Award 9 years in a row as the\nmost comprehensive and helpful online legal forms services on the market\ntoday. TopTenReviews wrote \"there is such an extensive range of documents\ncovering so many topics that it is unlikely you would need to look anywhere\nelse\".\n\nUSLegal received the following as compared to 9 other form sites. Forms 10/10,\nFeatures Set 10/10, Ease of Use 10/10, Customer Service 10/10.\n\n" } ]
1,773
How To Make Chicken Soup
The easiest way to make hearty chicken soup is to place your cut and washed chicken breast in a pot with salt, bay leaves, and water. Let simmer for 2 ¼ hours, then add vegetables and cook for 45 more minutes. Strain the broth into a separate bowl so you can remove the chicken meat from the bone, then pour the broth, chicken, and vegetables back into the pot to serve.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210212102044/https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/washing-food-does-it-promote-food-safety/washing-food", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190808045159/https://www.foodsafety.gov/blog/2016/11/wash.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210302180647/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-make-homemade-noodles/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190407145048/https://www.bbc.com/food/techniques/how_to_portion_a_chicken", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511044406/https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/cooking-skills/preparing/trimming-chicken", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210504124841/https://www.today.com/food/should-you-rinse-raw-chicken-ina-garten-debunks-cooking-myth-t125376", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511173043/https://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--1090/cleaning-chicken.asp", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422065750/https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/07/knife-skills-how-to-cut-chicken-breasts-into-cutlets.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210413003412/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/8814/homemade-chicken-soup/" ]
train
2,551
[ { "original_url": "https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/washing-food-does-it-promote-food-safety/washing-food", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210212102044/https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/washing-food-does-it-promote-food-safety/washing-food", "parsed_text": { "title": "Washing Food: Does it Promote Food Safety?", "passages": [ "Historically, people equate washing to cleanliness. We wash clothes, linens, cars, dishes and ourselves. So, it is logical that many people believe meat and poultry can be made cleaner and safer by washing it. Is this true? Does washing meat, poultry, eggs, fruits and vegetables make them safer to eat?", "One common mistake that consumers make in the kitchen is washing or rinsing their meat or poultry before cooking it. Washing meat or poultry can mean different things to different people: some consumers rinse it under running water or with a strainer, others soak it in containers full of water and some even use saltwater, vinegar or lemon juice to try to “clean” their meat. However, washing raw poultry, beef, pork, lamb or veal before cooking it is not recommended. Bacteria in raw meat and poultry juices can be spread to other foods, utensils and surfaces. We call this cross-contamination.", "While washing meat and poultry to remove dirt, slime, fat or blood may have been appropriate decades ago when many slaughtered and prepared their own food, the modern food safety system doesn’t require it. Meat and poultry are cleaned during processing, so further washing is not necessary. Never use soaps or detergents on your meat or poultry products. They can contaminate your food with chemicals and make it unsafe to eat.", "Some consumers may wash or rinse their raw meat or poultry because it’s a habit or because a family member they trust has always washed their meat. Just as many people did not wear seatbelts decades ago, we now know from research that wearing seatbelts makes one safer and have changed our habits as a result. Recent USDA research has found that washing or rinsing meat or poultry increases the risk for cross-contamination in the kitchen, which can cause foodborne illness. It’s time to leave this habit in the past and make washing meat and poultry as outdated as not wearing a seatbelt.", "If you wash meat or poultry, some bacteria can be splashed on the surfaces of your kitchen. Failure to clean these contaminated areas can lead to foodborne illness. Cooking to the right temperature (whether frying, baking, broiling, boiling or grilling) kills germs on meat and poultry, so washing these products is risky and not necessary.", "Using a food thermometer is the only sure way of knowing if your food has reached a high enough temperature to destroy germs, including foodborne illness-causing bacteria.", "Cook all raw beef, pork, lamb and veal (steaks, roasts and chops) to a minimum internal temperature of 145°F. For safety and quality, allow meat to rest for at least three minutes before carving or consuming.", "Ground meats are safe to eat at 160°F. For burgers, insert the food thermometer in the side of patties until it reaches the center for an accurate reading.", "USDA conducted a study where we observed the actions of individuals who self- reported washing or rinsing raw poultry when cooking at home. These participants gave many reasons for why they wash or rinse poultry, including to remove slime, skin, fat or blood (30 percent); out of habit (28 percent); because a family member has always done it (19 percent); or to remove germs or bacteria (19 percent).", "Participants were observed while cooking chicken thighs (spiked with harmless tracer bacteria that behave like Salmonella) and preparing a mixed green salad to determine whether they washed their poultry, the extent of cross- contamination throughout the kitchen and whether they adhered to other food safety behaviors throughout meal preparation.", "The results of the observational study showed how easily bacteria can be spread when surfaces are not effectively cleaned and sanitized. The USDA recommends three easy ways to help prevent illness when preparing meat or poultry in your home.", "Significantly decrease your risk by preparing foods that will not be cooked, such as vegetables and salads, BEFORE handling and preparing raw meat and poultry.", "In the observational study, 60 percent of the participants who washed their raw poultry had bacteria in their sink after washing or rinsing the poultry. Even more concerning is that 14 percent still had bacteria in their sinks even after they attempted to clean or sanitize the sink.", "If you wash your produce after washing meat or poultry, you risk splashing foodborne illness-causing germs onto your ready-to-eat foods. Researchers found that 26 percent of participants that washed raw poultry transferred bacteria from that raw poultry to their lettuce. If this were at home, they would have put that contaminated food directly into their mouths.", "Thoroughly clean and then sanitize ANY surface that has potentially touched or been contaminated by raw meat and poultry or their juices, including the inner sink.", "Of the participants that did not wash raw poultry, 31 percent still managed to get bacteria from the raw poultry onto their lettuce. This high rate of cross- contamination was likely due to participants not effectively washing their hands during food preparation and from contaminating the sink or utensils when handling the raw poultry.", "To prevent this cross-contamination, clean sinks and countertops with hot soapy water and then apply a commercial or homemade sanitizer or disinfectant whenever they come in contact with any raw meat or poultry or their juices. Focus on the inner sink, any countertops surrounding the sink, knives and cutting boards and any place you set your meat or poultry or its packaging. Make sure commercial products are approved for food contact surfaces and follow the manufacturer’s instructions for use; some may require rinsing your surfaces after use. Wash hands immediately after handling raw meat and poultry. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend you wet your hands with water, lather with soap and then scrub your hands for 20 seconds.", "Destroy any illness-causing bacteria by cooking meat and poultry to a safe internal temperature as measured by a food thermometer.", "Washing, rinsing or brining meat and poultry in saltwater, vinegar or lemon juice does not destroy germs. If you choose to remove skin, fat or blood from raw meat or poultry, you can do so on a clean cutting board, using a knife to cut away any flaws or patting the raw item with a paper towel and throwing it away when done. Immediately wash and then sanitize your cutting board and any knives or utensils and wash your hands thoroughly.", "The only way to make sure your food is safe to eat is by cooking it to a safe internal temperature and checking it with a food thermometer.", "Callers to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline sometimes ask about soaking meat or poultry in saltwater or about using a brine solution. This is a personal preference and serves no purpose for food safety. If you choose to do this, however, preventing cross-contamination when soaking and removing the meat or poultry from the liquid is essential. Carefully pour out the soak and do not reuse it. Wash the container you used for the soak or sanitize it in the dishwasher. Clean and then sanitize your inner sink and any surfaces that touch the used soak. Meat or poultry should be kept in the refrigerator while soaking.", "Sometimes consumers rinse or soak country ham, bacon or salt pork because they think it reduces the sodium or salt enough to allow these products to be eaten on a sodium-restricted diet. However, very little salt is removed by washing, rinsing or soaking a meat product and doing so is not recommended.", "Hand washing after handling raw meat or poultry or its packaging is a necessity because anything you touch afterwards could become contaminated. In other words, you could become ill by picking up a piece of fruit and eating it after handling raw meat or poultry without properly washing your hands.", "Wash hands with warm water and soap for 20 seconds before and after handling food; before eating; and after using the bathroom, changing diapers, tending to a sick person, blowing your nose, sneezing, coughing and handling pets. You should also wash your hands after touching surfaces that are frequently used, like doorknobs and handles, light switches, phones and keyboards.", "In recent USDA observational studies, participants did not attempt to wash their hands up to 75 percent of the time when it was required. When handwashing was attempted, participants failed to follow the CDC recommended steps for handwashing up to 99 percent of the time. The most common errors were not scrubbing their hands for 20 seconds, followed by not wetting their hands with water before applying soap.", "Packaging materials from raw meat or poultry also can cause cross- contamination. Never reuse them with other food items. These and other disposable packaging materials, such as foam meat trays, egg cartons or plastic wraps, should be discarded immediately after you have removed their contents.", "It is important to prevent cross-contamination from raw meat or poultry juices and other contaminants by washing countertops and sinks with hot, soapy water. For extra protection, you should also sanitize utensils and disinfect surfaces with solutions that can eliminate illness-causing germs. If using commercial sanitizers or disinfectants in your kitchen, choose ones that are approved for your kitchen surfaces and follow the manufacturer’s instructions to use each product safely and effectively.", "Cleaning physically removes dirt, debris and some bacteria that can cause illness, including foodborne illness, from your kitchen, but it does not kill germs. To clean your utensils, cuttings boards, surfaces and even the kitchen sink, use warm, soapy water to wash them. Air dry or wipe clean with single- use or paper towels. If you use kitchen towels for cleaning, they should be washed frequently using the hot cycle of the washing machine.", "Foodborne illness-causing bacteria can remain on surfaces for a very long time. Campylobacter can survive in your kitchen for up to 4 hours and Salmonella can last for up to 32 hours. Norovirus, often called the stomach flu or a stomach bug, is the most common foodborne illness-causing germ in the United States. Norovirus is a very contagious virus that causes vomiting and diarrhea. It can spread easily if you eat or drink contaminated food or touch contaminated surfaces or objects then put your unwashed hands in your mouth.", "Sanitizing and disinfecting can kill germs and foodborne illness-causing bacteria in your kitchen, but this is most effective after you have cleaned. Many different sanitizers or disinfectants can be used, but make sure any commercial products you choose are safe for the food contact surfaces in your kitchen before you use them.", "Only use sanitizing products that are intended for use on cutting boards or utensils that touch food. An easy, food-safe homemade sanitizer for cutting boards, knives and other utensils that directly touch food can be made by mixing a solution of one tablespoon of unscented liquid chlorine bleach with a gallon of water. To sanitize utensils and cutting boards after cleaning, pour sanitizing solution on the cutting boards and let it stand for several minutes or use it as a soak for your utensils. Next, rinse them with clean water and air dry or pat them dry with clean towels.", "If using commercial sanitizers, make sure they are approved for use on cutting boards or utensils before using for this purpose. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions on the label for safe use. Some commercial sanitizers may require utensils to be rinsed after use.", "Your dishwasher can also effectively clean and sanitize your utensils and cutting boards if they are dishwasher safe and are made of materials that are non-porous (e.g., acrylic, plastic, glass and some solid wood boards without cracks or scratches).", "Disinfecting products, unlike some commercial sanitizers, should not be used on cutting boards or utensils that touch food because they could contaminate the food you prepare. However, disinfectants are safe to use on surfaces and high touch areas in order to destroy bacteria.", "According to the CDC, a homemade disinfectant for surfaces can be made by mixing a solution of five tablespoons (one-third cup) of unscented liquid chlorine bleach to one gallon of water or four teaspoons of bleach per quart of water. You should use gloves to protect your hands before using disinfectant solutions. Pour or spray your homemade disinfectant on sinks, countertops and other surfaces, then let it sit for at least one minute before wiping your surfaces clean with a paper towel. Be sure they are completely dry before using those surfaces or your sink again.", "If using commercial disinfectants, make sure they are approved for use on your surfaces and completely follow the manufacturer’s instructions on the label. Some commercial disinfectants may require your surfaces to be rinsed with clean water after use.", "After cleaning and then sanitizing or disinfecting anything in your home, make sure to wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds.", "Callers to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline may ask about washing other foods that are not regulated by the USDA. Our food safety experts recommend the following guidelines to safely handle eggs and produce in the home.", "Do not wash eggs from the grocery store before putting them in the refrigerator. Washing is a routine part of commercial egg processing and the eggs do not need to be washed again. \"Bloom,\" the natural coating on just-laid eggs that helps prevent bacteria from permeating the shell, is removed by the commercial washing process. It is replaced by a light coating of edible mineral oil, which restores protection for long-term home storage of eggs. Extra handling of the eggs in your home, such as washing them, could increase the risk of cross-contamination, especially if the shell becomes cracked.", "Before eating or preparing fresh fruits and vegetables, wash the produce under running tap water to remove any lingering dirt. This reduces any germs that may be present. If the fruits or vegetables have a firm surface, such as apples or potatoes, they can be scrubbed with a brush. Consumers should not wash fruits and vegetables with detergent, soap or commercial produce washes. These products are not approved or labeled by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use on foods. You could ingest residues from soap or detergent absorbed on the produce and get sick.", "Make sure your inner sink, countertops and utensils are cleaned and sanitized before you rinse your produce to avoid cross-contamination, especially from surfaces that have touched raw meat, poultry or seafood or their juices. When preparing fruits and vegetables, cut away any damaged or bruised areas because bacteria that can cause illness can thrive in those places. Immediately refrigerate any cut items such as salad or cut fruit for best quality and food safety.", "At the store, you may find produce, like bagged salads or some cut and packaged fruits or vegetables, that is labeled as “pre-washed” or “ready-to- eat.” If you see this label, then you can safely use the produce without further washing. If you choose to wash produce marked as “pre-washed” or “ready-to-eat,” be sure that it does not come in contact with unclean surfaces or utensils, especially those that have touched raw meat, poultry or seafood or their juices. This will help to avoid cross-contamination.", "Many stores will have disinfecting wipes you can use to wipe down any carts or baskets you may touch during your shopping trip. This does not replace safe handling of food and food packaging while you’re in the store. Keep your raw meat, poultry and seafood products separate from any produce or ready-to-eat foods. You should use bags to keep these products separate. Wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds after going to the grocery store. Avoid touching your face, mouth or nose while grocery shopping.", "If you use reusable bags while grocery shopping, be sure to wash them after each use with hot water and soap to prevent the spread of any germs. Clean and disinfect any surfaces and countertops where you put your groceries after handling and storing them.", "FSIS Home | USDA.gov | FoodSafety.gov | USA.gov | WhiteHouse.gov | Site Map | Policies & Links | Significant Guidance | FOIA | Accessibility Statement | Privacy Policy | Non-Discrimination Statement | Civil Rights | No FEAR | Information Quality" ] }, "parsed_md": "Washing Food: Does it Promote Food Safety?\n\nSkip Navigation\n\n{}\n\nUSDA Food Safety and Inspection Service\n\nTopics\n\nCareers\n\nData Collection and Reports\n\nFact Sheets\n\nFood Defense and Emergency Response\n\nFood Safety Education\n\nFSIS Employees\n\nInspection\n\nInternational Affairs\n\nRecalls and Public Health Alerts\n\nRegulations, Directives & Notices\n\nRegulatory Compliance\n\nRulemaking\n\nScience\n\nPrograms & Services\n\nCompliance Assistance\n\nContact Centers\n\nCooperative Agreements\n\nEmail Subscription Service\n\nExporting Products\n\nFederal Grant of Inspection Guide\n\nImporting Products\n\nInside FSIS, for Employees\n\nLabel Submission and Approval System\n\nPublic Health Information System (PHIS)\n\nU.S. Codex Office\n\nNewsroom\n\nNews Releases, Statements, Transcripts\n\nMeetings\n\nNewsletters\n\nFeeds and Subscriptions\n\nSpeeches and Presentations\n\nCommunications to Congress\n\nForms\n\nFSIS Forms\n\nAdministrative Forms\n\nStandard Forms\n\n# FSIS\n\n#\n\nUnited States Department of Agriculture\n\nFood Safety and Inspection Service\n\n * About FSIS\n * District Offices\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Ask USDA\n * askFSIS\n * En Español\n\n * Site Map\n * A-Z Index\n * Help\n\n * Topics\n\nCareers\n\nData Collection and Reports\n\nFact Sheets\n\nFood Defense and Emergency Response\n\nFood Safety Education\n\nFSIS Employees\n\nInspection\n\nInternational Affairs\n\nRecalls and Public Health Alerts\n\nRegulations, Directives & Notices\n\nRegulatory Compliance\n\nRulemaking\n\nScience\n\n * Programs & Services\n\nCompliance Assistance\n\nContact Centers\n\nCooperative Agreements\n\nEmail Subscription Service\n\nExporting Products\n\nFederal Grant of Inspection Guide\n\nImporting Products\n\nInside FSIS, for Employees\n\nLabel Submission and Approval System\n\nPublic Health Information System (PHIS)\n\nU.S. Codex Office\n\n * Newsroom\n\nNews Releases, Statements, Transcripts\n\nMeetings\n\nNewsletters\n\nFeeds and Subscriptions\n\nSpeeches and Presentations\n\nCommunications to Congress\n\n * Forms\n\nFSIS Forms\n\nAdministrative Forms\n\nStandard Forms\n\nSkip Navigation\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B10H1\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\n/ Topics / Food Safety Education / Get Answers / Food Safety Fact Sheets /\nSafe Food Handling / Washing Food: Does it promote food safety / Washing Food:\nDoes it Promote Food Safety?\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B10H3\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B1090\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\n * Topics\n * Careers\n * Fact Sheets\n * Food Safety Education\n * Data Collection and Reports\n * Food Defense and Emergency Response\n * Inspection\n * International Affairs\n * Recalls and Public Health Alerts\n * Regulatory Compliance\n * Regulations, Directives and Notices\n * Rulemaking\n * Science\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B1092\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B1091\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\n### Washing Food: Does it Promote Food Safety?\n\nHistorically, people equate washing to cleanliness. We wash clothes, linens,\ncars, dishes and ourselves. So, it is logical that many people believe meat\nand poultry can be made cleaner and safer by washing it. Is this true? Does\nwashing meat, poultry, eggs, fruits and vegetables make them safer to eat?\n\n#### Washing Meat and Poultry\n\nOne common mistake that consumers make in the kitchen is washing or rinsing\ntheir meat or poultry before cooking it. Washing meat or poultry can mean\ndifferent things to different people: some consumers rinse it under running\nwater or with a strainer, others soak it in containers full of water and some\neven use saltwater, vinegar or lemon juice to try to “clean” their meat.\nHowever, washing raw poultry, beef, pork, lamb or veal before cooking it is\nnot recommended. Bacteria in raw meat and poultry juices can be spread to\nother foods, utensils and surfaces. We call this cross-contamination.\n\nWhile washing meat and poultry to remove dirt, slime, fat or blood may have\nbeen appropriate decades ago when many slaughtered and prepared their own\nfood, the modern food safety system doesn’t require it. Meat and poultry are\ncleaned during processing, so further washing is not necessary. Never use\nsoaps or detergents on your meat or poultry products. They can contaminate\nyour food with chemicals and make it unsafe to eat.\n\nSome consumers may wash or rinse their raw meat or poultry because it’s a\nhabit or because a family member they trust has always washed their meat. Just\nas many people did not wear seatbelts decades ago, we now know from research\nthat wearing seatbelts makes one safer and have changed our habits as a\nresult. Recent USDA research has found that washing or rinsing meat or poultry\nincreases the risk for cross-contamination in the kitchen, which can cause\nfoodborne illness. It’s time to leave this habit in the past and make washing\nmeat and poultry as outdated as not wearing a seatbelt.\n\nIf you wash meat or poultry, some bacteria can be splashed on the surfaces of\nyour kitchen. Failure to clean these contaminated areas can lead to foodborne\nillness. Cooking to the right temperature (whether frying, baking, broiling,\nboiling or grilling) kills germs on meat and poultry, so washing these\nproducts is risky and not necessary.\n\nUsing a food thermometer is the only sure way of knowing if your food has\nreached a high enough temperature to destroy germs, including foodborne\nillness-causing bacteria.\n\n * Cook all raw beef, pork, lamb and veal (steaks, roasts and chops) to a minimum internal temperature of 145°F. For safety and quality, allow meat to rest for at least three minutes before carving or consuming.\n * Ground meats are safe to eat at 160°F. For burgers, insert the food thermometer in the side of patties until it reaches the center for an accurate reading.\n * Poultry products, including whole, parts or ground chicken or turkey, are safe to eat at 165°F.\n * Cook fish and seafood to 145°F or until the flesh is opaque and flaky.\n\nFor reasons of personal preference, consumers may choose to cook meat to\nhigher temperatures.\n\n##### USDA’s Poultry Washing Study\n\nUSDA conducted a study where we observed the actions of individuals who self-\nreported washing or rinsing raw poultry when cooking at home. These\nparticipants gave many reasons for why they wash or rinse poultry, including\nto remove slime, skin, fat or blood (30 percent); out of habit (28 percent);\nbecause a family member has always done it (19 percent); or to remove germs or\nbacteria (19 percent).\n\nParticipants were observed while cooking chicken thighs (spiked with harmless\ntracer bacteria that behave like Salmonella) and preparing a mixed green salad\nto determine whether they washed their poultry, the extent of cross-\ncontamination throughout the kitchen and whether they adhered to other food\nsafety behaviors throughout meal preparation.\n\nThe results of the observational study showed how easily bacteria can be\nspread when surfaces are not effectively cleaned and sanitized. The USDA\nrecommends three easy ways to help prevent illness when preparing meat or\npoultry in your home.\n\n 1. Significantly decrease your risk by preparing foods that will not be cooked, such as vegetables and salads, BEFORE handling and preparing raw meat and poultry.\n\nIn the observational study, 60 percent of the participants who washed their\nraw poultry had bacteria in their sink after washing or rinsing the poultry.\nEven more concerning is that 14 percent still had bacteria in their sinks even\nafter they attempted to clean or sanitize the sink.\n\nIf you wash your produce after washing meat or poultry, you risk splashing\nfoodborne illness-causing germs onto your ready-to-eat foods. Researchers\nfound that 26 percent of participants that washed raw poultry transferred\nbacteria from that raw poultry to their lettuce. If this were at home, they\nwould have put that contaminated food directly into their mouths.\n\n 2. Thoroughly clean and then sanitize ANY surface that has potentially touched or been contaminated by raw meat and poultry or their juices, including the inner sink.\n\nOf the participants that did not wash raw poultry, 31 percent still managed to\nget bacteria from the raw poultry onto their lettuce. This high rate of cross-\ncontamination was likely due to participants not effectively washing their\nhands during food preparation and from contaminating the sink or utensils when\nhandling the raw poultry.\n\nTo prevent this cross-contamination, clean sinks and countertops with hot\nsoapy water and then apply a commercial or homemade sanitizer or disinfectant\nwhenever they come in contact with any raw meat or poultry or their juices.\nFocus on the inner sink, any countertops surrounding the sink, knives and\ncutting boards and any place you set your meat or poultry or its packaging.\nMake sure commercial products are approved for food contact surfaces and\nfollow the manufacturer’s instructions for use; some may require rinsing your\nsurfaces after use. Wash hands immediately after handling raw meat and\npoultry. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend you\nwet your hands with water, lather with soap and then scrub your hands for 20\nseconds.\n\n 3. Destroy any illness-causing bacteria by cooking meat and poultry to a safe internal temperature as measured by a food thermometer.\n\nWashing, rinsing or brining meat and poultry in saltwater, vinegar or lemon\njuice does not destroy germs. If you choose to remove skin, fat or blood from\nraw meat or poultry, you can do so on a clean cutting board, using a knife to\ncut away any flaws or patting the raw item with a paper towel and throwing it\naway when done. Immediately wash and then sanitize your cutting board and any\nknives or utensils and wash your hands thoroughly.\n\nThe only way to make sure your food is safe to eat is by cooking it to a safe\ninternal temperature and checking it with a food thermometer.\n\n##### Soaking Meat and Poultry\n\nCallers to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline sometimes ask about soaking meat\nor poultry in saltwater or about using a brine solution. This is a personal\npreference and serves no purpose for food safety. If you choose to do this,\nhowever, preventing cross-contamination when soaking and removing the meat or\npoultry from the liquid is essential. Carefully pour out the soak and do not\nreuse it. Wash the container you used for the soak or sanitize it in the\ndishwasher. Clean and then sanitize your inner sink and any surfaces that\ntouch the used soak. Meat or poultry should be kept in the refrigerator while\nsoaking.\n\nSometimes consumers rinse or soak country ham, bacon or salt pork because they\nthink it reduces the sodium or salt enough to allow these products to be eaten\non a sodium-restricted diet. However, very little salt is removed by washing,\nrinsing or soaking a meat product and doing so is not recommended.\n\n#### Cross-Contamination\n\nHand washing after handling raw meat or poultry or its packaging is a\nnecessity because anything you touch afterwards could become contaminated. In\nother words, you could become ill by picking up a piece of fruit and eating it\nafter handling raw meat or poultry without properly washing your hands.\n\nWash hands with warm water and soap for 20 seconds before and after handling\nfood; before eating; and after using the bathroom, changing diapers, tending\nto a sick person, blowing your nose, sneezing, coughing and handling pets. You\nshould also wash your hands after touching surfaces that are frequently used,\nlike doorknobs and handles, light switches, phones and keyboards.\n\nIn recent USDA observational studies, participants did not attempt to wash\ntheir hands up to 75 percent of the time when it was required. When\nhandwashing was attempted, participants failed to follow the CDC recommended\nsteps for handwashing up to 99 percent of the time. The most common errors\nwere not scrubbing their hands for 20 seconds, followed by not wetting their\nhands with water before applying soap.\n\nPackaging materials from raw meat or poultry also can cause cross-\ncontamination. Never reuse them with other food items. These and other\ndisposable packaging materials, such as foam meat trays, egg cartons or\nplastic wraps, should be discarded immediately after you have removed their\ncontents.\n\n##### Clean and Then Sanitize Surfaces and Sinks\n\nIt is important to prevent cross-contamination from raw meat or poultry juices\nand other contaminants by washing countertops and sinks with hot, soapy water.\nFor extra protection, you should also sanitize utensils and disinfect surfaces\nwith solutions that can eliminate illness-causing germs. If using commercial\nsanitizers or disinfectants in your kitchen, choose ones that are approved for\nyour kitchen surfaces and follow the manufacturer’s instructions to use each\nproduct safely and effectively.\n\n 1. Clean FIRST.\n\nCleaning physically removes dirt, debris and some bacteria that can cause\nillness, including foodborne illness, from your kitchen, but it does not kill\ngerms. To clean your utensils, cuttings boards, surfaces and even the kitchen\nsink, use warm, soapy water to wash them. Air dry or wipe clean with single-\nuse or paper towels. If you use kitchen towels for cleaning, they should be\nwashed frequently using the hot cycle of the washing machine.\n\nFoodborne illness-causing bacteria can remain on surfaces for a very long\ntime. Campylobacter can survive in your kitchen for up to 4 hours and\nSalmonella can last for up to 32 hours. Norovirus, often called the stomach\nflu or a stomach bug, is the most common foodborne illness-causing germ in the\nUnited States. Norovirus is a very contagious virus that causes vomiting and\ndiarrhea. It can spread easily if you eat or drink contaminated food or touch\ncontaminated surfaces or objects then put your unwashed hands in your mouth.\n\n 2. THEN Sanitize\n\nSanitizing and disinfecting can kill germs and foodborne illness-causing\nbacteria in your kitchen, but this is most effective after you have cleaned.\nMany different sanitizers or disinfectants can be used, but make sure any\ncommercial products you choose are safe for the food contact surfaces in your\nkitchen before you use them.\n\n##### Use Sanitizers for Cutting Boards and Utensils\n\nOnly use sanitizing products that are intended for use on cutting boards or\nutensils that touch food. An easy, food-safe homemade sanitizer for cutting\nboards, knives and other utensils that directly touch food can be made by\nmixing a solution of one tablespoon of unscented liquid chlorine bleach with a\ngallon of water. To sanitize utensils and cutting boards after cleaning, pour\nsanitizing solution on the cutting boards and let it stand for several minutes\nor use it as a soak for your utensils. Next, rinse them with clean water and\nair dry or pat them dry with clean towels.\n\nIf using commercial sanitizers, make sure they are approved for use on cutting\nboards or utensils before using for this purpose. Follow the manufacturer’s\ninstructions on the label for safe use. Some commercial sanitizers may require\nutensils to be rinsed after use.\n\nYour dishwasher can also effectively clean and sanitize your utensils and\ncutting boards if they are dishwasher safe and are made of materials that are\nnon-porous (e.g., acrylic, plastic, glass and some solid wood boards without\ncracks or scratches).\n\n##### Use Disinfectants for Surfaces, Countertops and Sinks\n\nDisinfecting products, unlike some commercial sanitizers, should not be used\non cutting boards or utensils that touch food because they could contaminate\nthe food you prepare. However, disinfectants are safe to use on surfaces and\nhigh touch areas in order to destroy bacteria.\n\nAccording to the CDC, a homemade disinfectant for surfaces can be made by\nmixing a solution of five tablespoons (one-third cup) of unscented liquid\nchlorine bleach to one gallon of water or four teaspoons of bleach per quart\nof water. You should use gloves to protect your hands before using\ndisinfectant solutions. Pour or spray your homemade disinfectant on sinks,\ncountertops and other surfaces, then let it sit for at least one minute before\nwiping your surfaces clean with a paper towel. Be sure they are completely dry\nbefore using those surfaces or your sink again.\n\nIf using commercial disinfectants, make sure they are approved for use on your\nsurfaces and completely follow the manufacturer’s instructions on the label.\nSome commercial disinfectants may require your surfaces to be rinsed with\nclean water after use.\n\nAfter cleaning and then sanitizing or disinfecting anything in your home, make\nsure to wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds.\n\n#### Washing Other Foods\n\nCallers to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline may ask about washing other foods\nthat are not regulated by the USDA. Our food safety experts recommend the\nfollowing guidelines to safely handle eggs and produce in the home.\n\n##### Washing Eggs\n\nDo not wash eggs from the grocery store before putting them in the\nrefrigerator. Washing is a routine part of commercial egg processing and the\neggs do not need to be washed again. \"Bloom,\" the natural coating on just-laid\neggs that helps prevent bacteria from permeating the shell, is removed by the\ncommercial washing process. It is replaced by a light coating of edible\nmineral oil, which restores protection for long-term home storage of eggs.\nExtra handling of the eggs in your home, such as washing them, could increase\nthe risk of cross-contamination, especially if the shell becomes cracked.\n\n##### Washing Produce\n\nBefore eating or preparing fresh fruits and vegetables, wash the produce under\nrunning tap water to remove any lingering dirt. This reduces any germs that\nmay be present. If the fruits or vegetables have a firm surface, such as\napples or potatoes, they can be scrubbed with a brush. Consumers should not\nwash fruits and vegetables with detergent, soap or commercial produce washes.\nThese products are not approved or labeled by the U.S. Food and Drug\nAdministration (FDA) for use on foods. You could ingest residues from soap or\ndetergent absorbed on the produce and get sick.\n\nMake sure your inner sink, countertops and utensils are cleaned and sanitized\nbefore you rinse your produce to avoid cross-contamination, especially from\nsurfaces that have touched raw meat, poultry or seafood or their juices. When\npreparing fruits and vegetables, cut away any damaged or bruised areas because\nbacteria that can cause illness can thrive in those places. Immediately\nrefrigerate any cut items such as salad or cut fruit for best quality and food\nsafety.\n\n##### Should I Wash Pre-Washed Produce?\n\nAt the store, you may find produce, like bagged salads or some cut and\npackaged fruits or vegetables, that is labeled as “pre-washed” or “ready-to-\neat.” If you see this label, then you can safely use the produce without\nfurther washing. If you choose to wash produce marked as “pre-washed” or\n“ready-to-eat,” be sure that it does not come in contact with unclean surfaces\nor utensils, especially those that have touched raw meat, poultry or seafood\nor their juices. This will help to avoid cross-contamination.\n\n#### Grocery Shopping\n\nMany stores will have disinfecting wipes you can use to wipe down any carts or\nbaskets you may touch during your shopping trip. This does not replace safe\nhandling of food and food packaging while you’re in the store. Keep your raw\nmeat, poultry and seafood products separate from any produce or ready-to-eat\nfoods. You should use bags to keep these products separate. Wash your hands\nwith soap and water for 20 seconds after going to the grocery store. Avoid\ntouching your face, mouth or nose while grocery shopping.\n\nIf you use reusable bags while grocery shopping, be sure to wash them after\neach use with hot water and soap to prevent the spread of any germs. Clean and\ndisinfect any surfaces and countertops where you put your groceries after\nhandling and storing them.\n\nLast Modified Jun 01, 2020\n\n * Site Map\n * A-Z Index\n * Help\n\n * About FSIS\n * District Offices\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Ask USDA\n * askFSIS\n * En Español\n\nFSIS Home | USDA.gov | FoodSafety.gov | USA.gov | WhiteHouse.gov | Site Map |\nPolicies & Links | Significant Guidance | FOIA | Accessibility Statement |\nPrivacy Policy | Non-Discrimination Statement | Civil Rights | No FEAR |\nInformation Quality\n\nComplementary Content\n\n * ${title}\n\n${loading}\n\n * ${title}\n\n${loading}\n\nibmCfg.controllers.navigation true true true\n\nsharePage viewMorePage\n\nibmCfg.controllers.navigation\n\nreorderPage\n\ntheme-toolbar utb-shelf\n\ntrue true\n\nwireInterface autoWiringManager\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.foodsafety.gov/blog/2016/11/wash.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190808045159/https://www.foodsafety.gov/blog/2016/11/wash.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "To Wash or Not Wash", "passages": [ "Food Safety experts (including us at USDA) do not recommend washing raw meat and poultry before cooking. Many bacteria are quite loosely attached and when you rinse these foods the bacteria will be spread around your kitchen.", "In fact, research shows that washing meat or poultry in water spreads bacteria throughout the kitchen—onto countertops, other food, towels and you. Water can splash bacteria up to 3 feet surrounding your sink, which can lead to illnesses. We call this cross contamination. Researchers at Drexel University have shown that it is best to move meat and poultry straight from package to pan, since the heat required for cooking will kill any bacteria that may be present.", "But what about a whole turkey? USDA does not recommend washing a whole turkey before you cook your Thanksgiving meal. You are likely to spread germs around your kitchen if you do so. The only reason a whole turkey (or any meat or poultry for that matter) should be washed is if it was brined. Thanksgiving cooks who are purchasing a brined turkey, or brining their turkeys at home, must rinse the brine off before the turkey goes into the oven. If you plan on serving a brined turkey this year, here is how to minimize the risk of cross contamination.", "If you must rinse the turkey and clean out the cavity, first take the time to remove dishes, dish drainers, dish towels, sponges and other objects from around the sink area. Then cover the area around your sink with paper towels. Place the roasting pan next to the sink, ready to receive the turkey.", "Clean the sink with hot soapy water, rinse well, and fill it with a few inches of cold water. Even if the cavity is partially frozen, use cold water to rinse the cavity. Cold water is still warmer than the frozen cavity. Run the water gently to prevent splashing. Make sure the water is coming out the other end of the cavity. If it isn’t, the neck or giblets may still be in there.", "And that’s it! No need to scrub or rinse the rest of the turkey. Hold the turkey up to let it drain into the sink and gently place the turkey in the roasting pan. Remove the paper towels, clean the sink and the area around the sink with hot soapy water, and proceed with your preparations.", "Want to Comment on this Blog? Visit our Facebook or Twitter pages to share your thoughts and start a conversation." ] }, "parsed_md": "To Wash or Not Wash | FoodSafety.gov\n\nSkip Navigation\n\nFoodSafety.gov\n\n * About\n * Blog\n\n * Home\n * Recalls & Outbreaks\n * Food Safety Charts\n\n * Cold Food Storage\n * Food Safety During Power Outage\n * Meat and Poultry\n * Safe Minimum Cooking Temperatures\n * Keep Food Safe\n\n * 4 Simple Steps\n * Food Safety by Events and Seasons\n * Food Safety by Type of Food\n * Food Safety in a Disaster or Emergency\n * FoodKeeper App\n * Food Poisoning\n\n * Bacteria and Viruses\n * Report a Problem with Food\n * People at Risk\n\n * Children Under Five\n * Older Adults\n * People with Weakened Immune Systems\n * Pregnant Women\n\n### About This Blog\n\nPractical information and tips from the experts to help you and your family\nstay food safe.\n\nSubscribe\n\n### Categories\n\n * Allergies (3)\n * Animals (4)\n * At-Risk (18)\n * Baby/Pregnancy (4)\n * Bacteria/Virus (35)\n * Camping (3)\n * Check Your Steps (17)\n * Events (39)\n * Food Outside the Home (22)\n * Food Safety (74)\n * Food Safety Science (7)\n * Holidays (75)\n * Illness (23)\n * Kitchen Safety (30)\n * Labels (4)\n * Media (9)\n * Outbreaks (10)\n * Reports and Recalls (8)\n * Safety (8)\n * School (13)\n * Seasonal (75)\n * Smoking (1)\n * Summer (4)\n\n### Tags\n\n * Food Safety (90)\n * Food Prep (58)\n * Holiday (41)\n * Kitchen (25)\n * Summer (25)\n * Thanksgiving (24)\n * Cooking Temperatures (19)\n * Football (19)\n * Meat (19)\n * Turkey (17)\n * Salmonella (15)\n * Microwave (10)\n * Egg (9)\n * Grilling (8)\n * Christmas (5)\n\n### Blog Archives\n\n * 2019\n * 2018\n * 2017\n * 2016\n * 2015\n * 2014\n * 2013\n * 2012\n * 2011\n * 2010\n\nHome > Blog > 2016 > To Wash or Not Wash\n\n * Text Size: A A A\n\n# To Wash or Not Wash\n\nNov 15, 2016\n\nBy: Marianne Gravely, Food Safety Education Staff, Food Safety and Inspection\nService, USDA\n\nFood Safety experts (including us at USDA) do not recommend washing raw meat\nand poultry before cooking. Many bacteria are quite loosely attached and when\nyou rinse these foods the bacteria will be spread around your kitchen.\n\nIn fact, research shows that washing meat or poultry in water spreads bacteria\nthroughout the kitchen—onto countertops, other food, towels and you. Water can\nsplash bacteria up to 3 feet surrounding your sink, which can lead to\nillnesses. We call this cross contamination. Researchers at Drexel University\nhave shown that it is best to move meat and poultry straight from package to\npan, since the heat required for cooking will kill any bacteria that may be\npresent.\n\nBut what about a whole turkey? USDA does not recommend washing a whole turkey\nbefore you cook your Thanksgiving meal. You are likely to spread germs around\nyour kitchen if you do so. The only reason a whole turkey (or any meat or\npoultry for that matter) should be washed is if it was brined. Thanksgiving\ncooks who are purchasing a brined turkey, or brining their turkeys at home,\nmust rinse the brine off before the turkey goes into the oven. If you plan on\nserving a brined turkey this year, here is how to minimize the risk of cross\ncontamination.\n\n## Brined Turkey\n\nIf you must rinse the turkey and clean out the cavity, first take the time to\nremove dishes, dish drainers, dish towels, sponges and other objects from\naround the sink area. Then cover the area around your sink with paper towels.\nPlace the roasting pan next to the sink, ready to receive the turkey.\n\nClean the sink with hot soapy water, rinse well, and fill it with a few inches\nof cold water. Even if the cavity is partially frozen, use cold water to rinse\nthe cavity. Cold water is still warmer than the frozen cavity. Run the water\ngently to prevent splashing. Make sure the water is coming out the other end\nof the cavity. If it isn’t, the neck or giblets may still be in there.\n\nAnd that’s it! No need to scrub or rinse the rest of the turkey. Hold the\nturkey up to let it drain into the sink and gently place the turkey in the\nroasting pan. Remove the paper towels, clean the sink and the area around the\nsink with hot soapy water, and proceed with your preparations.\n\nWant to Comment on this Blog? Visit our Facebook or Twitter pages to share\nyour thoughts and start a conversation.\n\nPosted in: Food Safety | HolidaysTagged: Thanksgiving | Turkey | Food Prep\n\n#### Stay Connected\n\n#### Our Partners\n\n * About FoodSafety.gov\n * Accessibility\n * Privacy Policy\n * FOIA\n * Disclaimers\n * Plain Writing\n\n * Contact Us\n * No FEAR\n * Viewers & Players\n * WhiteHouse.gov\n * USA.gov\n * GobiernoUSA.gov\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services - 200 Independence Avenue, S.W. -\nWashington, D.C. 20201\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-make-homemade-noodles/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210302180647/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-make-homemade-noodles/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Make Homemade Noodles", "passages": [ "Homemade noodles are much easier to make than you think. You don't even need a pasta machine (though you can use one if you like). Here's your all-in-one guide for making the best homemade noodles. Check out our master homemade noodles recipe, and use your handcrafted creations in homemade beef and noodles, homemade chicken noodle soup, and other recipes that call on egg noodles.", "Each product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our editorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.", "Noodles come to the table in many countries around the world, like glass noodles in China, soba noodles in Japan, and the scores of pasta types and shapes common in Italy. What makes North American noodles (found in or served with classic comfort foods like chicken noodles) different than most other noodles is that they are often enriched with egg or egg yolks. It's true that homemade noodles take more time to prepare than store-bought. But they reward cooks and their lucky guests with fresher, richer, better-tasting noodles to serve with all kinds of dishes (beef stroganoff, chicken noodle soup, and casseroles, to name a few). Once you learn how to make noodles, you'll find all kinds of satisfying ways to enjoy them. Fresh pasta can be cut long or short, thick or thin, but (thanks to the eggs) they're among the richest noodles around.", "For this demonstration, we're using our homemade noodles recipe. The pasta recipe makes enough egg noodles for five servings, so multiply the measurements as needed to serve your group.", "In a large mixing bowl ($8, Bed Bath & Beyond) stir together flour and the salt. Make a well in the center of the flour mixture. In a separate small bowl combine egg yolks and whole egg, the water, and oil. Add the egg mixture to the flour mixture, stirring to combine. The dough will be sticky at this point. That's OK; it will become smooth as you knead it.", "Sprinkle a clean kneading surface with the remaining flour. Turn dough out onto the floured surface. Knead the dough until it is smooth and elastic (8 to 10 minutes total). To knead the dough, fold dough and then push it with the heel of your hand. Turn the dough and repeat folding and pushing until the dough reaches a smooth and elastic consistency. Cover the dough and let rest for 10 minutes.", "Make-Ahead Tip: You can make the dough in advance to this point. Transfer the dough to an airtight container; freeze up to 3 months. Thaw completely in the refrigerator, then continue with the next step.", "On a lightly floured surface, roll each portion into a 12x9-inch rectangle. (Or pass it through a pasta machine until 1⁄16 inch thick.)", "The easiest way to get homemade noodles to the desired thickness (which is pretty thin!) is by passing the dough through a pasta maker ($80, Crate & Barrel), so if you are nuts about homemade noodles, you might want to invest in one. However, you can also use a rolling pin ($12, Bed Bath & Beyond). It just takes a little more work.", "There are several shapes you can turn your homemade pasta into (see our guide for bowtie, lasagna, and more). Here's how to make traditional long noodles.", "At this point, you can cook the noodles immediately (more on that below), or dry and store them (see next steps).", "Before storing, you'll want to spread the noodles on a wire cooling rack ($9, Target) to dry, then choose the following:", "To store in the refrigerator: Let the noodles dry for 2 hours. Place in an airtight container and chill for up to 3 days.", "To freeze: Dry the noodles for at least 1 hour; place them in a freezer bag or freezer container and freeze for up to 8 months.", "You can use homemade noodles whenever hot cooked noodles are called for. To substitute fresh homemade egg noodles for dried pasta in a recipe, use 6 to 8 ounces fresh for every 4 ounces dried called for in the recipe. If serving your fresh homemade noodles recipe as a side dish, plan on 11⁄2 to 2 ounces for each side-dish serving. For main dishes, plan on 3 ounces fresh homemade egg noodles per serving. Here's how to cook homemade egg noodles for serving and for adding to recipes.", "Fill a large pot ($25, Target) with 3 quarts water. Bring the water to boiling; if desired, add 1 tsp. salt.", "Add noodles a few at a time so the water does not stop boiling. (This also prevents the noodles from sticking together.)", "Reduce the heat slightly and boil, uncovered, stirring occasionally, for 11⁄2 to 2 minutes or until the pasta is al dente (flexible but still slightly firm at the center).", "Test Kitchen Tip: Be sure to test often for doneness near the end of cooking time. Fresh noodles can go from stiff to perfect to overly soft in a matter of seconds.", "Once you've mastered our homemade noodles recipe, flavor them with one of our fantastic variations such as herb or roasted red pepper. You can also get creative by using homemade egg noodles for more than just chicken noodle soup or chicken noodles. Try making some homemade beef and noodles or add them to your pot roast. Skip takeout and make noodle bowls or from-scratch ramen soup.", "BH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Make Homemade Noodles | Better Homes & Gardens\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Better Homes & Gardens\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nMy Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletter\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * BH&G Insider\n * BH&G Magazine Archive\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# Upgrade Pasta Night with Our Expert Tips on How to Make Homemade Noodles\n\nHomemade noodles are much easier to make than you think. You don't even need a\npasta machine (though you can use one if you like). Here's your all-in-one\nguide for making the best homemade noodles. Check out our master homemade\nnoodles recipe, and use your handcrafted creations in homemade beef and\nnoodles, homemade chicken noodle soup, and other recipes that call on egg\nnoodles.\n\nBy Wini Moranville\n\nUpdated September 16, 2020\n\nEach product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our\neditorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn\ncommission.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print View comments\n\nNoodles come to the table in many countries around the world, like glass\nnoodles in China, soba noodles in Japan, and the scores of pasta types and\nshapes common in Italy. What makes North American noodles (found in or served\nwith classic comfort foods like chicken noodles) different than most other\nnoodles is that they are often enriched with egg or egg yolks. It's true that\nhomemade noodles take more time to prepare than store-bought. But they reward\ncooks and their lucky guests with fresher, richer, better-tasting noodles to\nserve with all kinds of dishes (beef stroganoff, chicken noodle soup, and\ncasseroles, to name a few). Once you learn how to make noodles, you'll find\nall kinds of satisfying ways to enjoy them. Fresh pasta can be cut long or\nshort, thick or thin, but (thanks to the eggs) they're among the richest\nnoodles around.\n\nCredit: Andy Lyons\n\n## How to Make Noodles from Scratch\n\nFor this demonstration, we're using our homemade noodles recipe. The pasta\nrecipe makes enough egg noodles for five servings, so multiply the\nmeasurements as needed to serve your group.\n\n### 1\\. Gather the Noodle Ingredients\n\nTo make the homemade noodle dough, grab your flour, salt, eggs, oil, and\nwater. Yes, that's all.\n\nGet Our Homemade Noodle Recipe\n\nCredit: Kritsada Panichgul\n\n### 2\\. Mix the Dough\n\nIn a large mixing bowl ($8, Bed Bath & Beyond) stir together flour and the\nsalt. Make a well in the center of the flour mixture. In a separate small bowl\ncombine egg yolks and whole egg, the water, and oil. Add the egg mixture to\nthe flour mixture, stirring to combine. The dough will be sticky at this\npoint. That's OK; it will become smooth as you knead it.\n\nCredit: Kritsada Panichgul\n\n### 3\\. Knead the Dough\n\nSprinkle a clean kneading surface with the remaining flour. Turn dough out\nonto the floured surface. Knead the dough until it is smooth and elastic (8 to\n10 minutes total). To knead the dough, fold dough and then push it with the\nheel of your hand. Turn the dough and repeat folding and pushing until the\ndough reaches a smooth and elastic consistency. Cover the dough and let rest\nfor 10 minutes.\n\nMake-Ahead Tip: You can make the dough in advance to this point. Transfer the\ndough to an airtight container; freeze up to 3 months. Thaw completely in the\nrefrigerator, then continue with the next step.\n\nCredit: Kritsada Panichgul\n\n### 4\\. Roll the Dough\n\nBefore rolling, divide the dough into four equal portions using a sharp knife\n($60, Williams Sonoma).\n\n * On a lightly floured surface, roll each portion into a 12x9-inch rectangle. (Or pass it through a pasta machine until 1⁄16 inch thick.)\n * Dust both sides of the dough portions with additional flour.\n * Let the dough stand, uncovered, about 20 minutes.\n\nRolling Pin or Pasta Machine?\n\nThe easiest way to get homemade noodles to the desired thickness (which is\npretty thin!) is by passing the dough through a pasta maker ($80, Crate &\nBarrel), so if you are nuts about homemade noodles, you might want to invest\nin one. However, you can also use a rolling pin ($12, Bed Bath & Beyond). It\njust takes a little more work.\n\nCredit: Marty Baldwin\n\n### 5\\. Cut the Noodles\n\nThere are several shapes you can turn your homemade pasta into (see our guide\nfor bowtie, lasagna, and more). Here's how to make traditional long noodles.\n\n * Loosely roll the dough into a spiral.\n * Cut the spiral crosswise into 1⁄4-inch-wide strips for fettuccini or 1⁄8-inch for linguine.\n * Unroll the strips to separate.\n * Cut the strips into 2- to 3-inch lengths.\n * At this point, you can cook the noodles immediately (more on that below), or dry and store them (see next steps).\n\nCredit: Kritsada Panichgul\n\n### 6\\. Storing Homemade Noodles\n\nBefore storing, you'll want to spread the noodles on a wire cooling rack ($9,\nTarget) to dry, then choose the following:\n\n * To store in the refrigerator: Let the noodles dry for 2 hours. Place in an airtight container and chill for up to 3 days.\n * To freeze: Dry the noodles for at least 1 hour; place them in a freezer bag or freezer container and freeze for up to 8 months.\n\n## How to Cook Homemade Noodles\n\nYou can use homemade noodles whenever hot cooked noodles are called for. To\nsubstitute fresh homemade egg noodles for dried pasta in a recipe, use 6 to 8\nounces fresh for every 4 ounces dried called for in the recipe. If serving\nyour fresh homemade noodles recipe as a side dish, plan on 11⁄2 to 2 ounces\nfor each side-dish serving. For main dishes, plan on 3 ounces fresh homemade\negg noodles per serving. Here's how to cook homemade egg noodles for serving\nand for adding to recipes.\n\n * Fill a large pot ($25, Target) with 3 quarts water. Bring the water to boiling; if desired, add 1 tsp. salt.\n * Add noodles a few at a time so the water does not stop boiling. (This also prevents the noodles from sticking together.)\n * Reduce the heat slightly and boil, uncovered, stirring occasionally, for 11⁄2 to 2 minutes or until the pasta is al dente (flexible but still slightly firm at the center).\n * Drain the noodles in a colander ($10, Target), giving them a good shake to remove all the water.\n\nTest Kitchen Tip: Be sure to test often for doneness near the end of cooking\ntime. Fresh noodles can go from stiff to perfect to overly soft in a matter of\nseconds.\n\nCredit: Blaine Moats\n\n## Using Homemade Egg Noodles\n\nOnce you've mastered our homemade noodles recipe, flavor them with one of our\nfantastic variations such as herb or roasted red pepper. You can also get\ncreative by using homemade egg noodles for more than just chicken noodle soup\nor chicken noodles. Try making some homemade beef and noodles or add them to\nyour pot roast. Skip takeout and make noodle bowls or from-scratch ramen soup.\n\n## Comments (1)\n\nAnonymous\n\nNovember 14, 2018\n\nI would cook the noodles in chicken broth.\n\n## Share options\n\n## Comment on this project\n\nComment on this story\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\n## Login\n\n## Shop | Better Homes & Gardens\n\n * Countertop Blenders\n * Food Processors\n * Crock Pots\n * Knife Sets\n * Cutting Boards\n * Spatulas\n * Colanders & Strainers\n * Can Openers\n * Skillets\n * Slow Cookers\n * Shop More\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens may receive compensation when you click through and\npurchase from links contained on this website.\n\n * Better Homes & Gardens Products at Walmart\n * Better Homes & Gardens Real Estate Services\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nBH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab\nTerms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a\nnew tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web\nAccessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.bhg.com\n\n## View image\n\nUpgrade Pasta Night with Our Expert Tips on How to Make Homemade Noodles\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bbc.com/food/techniques/how_to_portion_a_chicken", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190407145048/https://www.bbc.com/food/techniques/how_to_portion_a_chicken", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to portion a chicken", "passages": [ "Start by taking the legs off. Insert your knife down the side, just through the skin and in between the joints. Flip the chicken over and literally break its legs, you will see what’s called the chef’s eye or the chef’s oyster. Take your knife and cut around the chef’s eye. Make sure you leave as much meat as possible on the joints and not on the carcass. Do the same thing with the other side. Cut off the top knuckle and reserve for stock. Find the knuckle between the thigh and leg, put your knife on the knuckle and cut through. Repeat the process with the remaining chef’s eye.", "Take the remaining carcass and from the front pick a 45 degree angle and cut through, then do the same with the other side, so you create a v-shape. The wishbone is in the middle of the v-shape, cut through the wishbone with your knife. With your knife go all the way down the side of the v-shape until you get to the knuckle, then cut through the knuckle. Repeat the process on the other side, this will give you two pieces of white meat.", "Next take your knife and cut the two breasts away from the carcass, taking care to leave as much meat as possible on the joint than on the carcass. The leftover carcass can be used for stock.", "Copyright © 2019 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to portion a chicken - BBC Food\n\nHomepage\n\n## Accessibility links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Accessibility Help\n\nBBC Account\n\nNotifications\n\nSearch\n\nFoodTECHNIQUES\n\n# How to portion a chicken\n\n## Skill level\n\nEasy\n\n## Equipment you will need for this technique\n\nSharp knife, chopping board\n\nStart by taking the legs off. Insert your knife down the side, just through\nthe skin and in between the joints. Flip the chicken over and literally break\nits legs, you will see what’s called the chef’s eye or the chef’s oyster. Take\nyour knife and cut around the chef’s eye. Make sure you leave as much meat as\npossible on the joints and not on the carcass. Do the same thing with the\nother side. Cut off the top knuckle and reserve for stock. Find the knuckle\nbetween the thigh and leg, put your knife on the knuckle and cut through.\nRepeat the process with the remaining chef’s eye.\n\nNext take the winglets off by cutting through the joints, reserve for stock.\n\nTake the remaining carcass and from the front pick a 45 degree angle and cut\nthrough, then do the same with the other side, so you create a v-shape. The\nwishbone is in the middle of the v-shape, cut through the wishbone with your\nknife. With your knife go all the way down the side of the v-shape until you\nget to the knuckle, then cut through the knuckle. Repeat the process on the\nother side, this will give you two pieces of white meat.\n\nNext take your knife and cut the two breasts away from the carcass, taking\ncare to leave as much meat as possible on the joint than on the carcass. The\nleftover carcass can be used for stock.\n\n## See recipe in full\n\n### Moroccan grilled chicken\n\nby James Martin\n\nrecipe\n\n## Recipes using this technique\n\n### Garlic and lemon thyme chicken with broccoli and burrata\n\nby James Martin\n\nMain course\n\n### Chicken piperade with pilau rice\n\nby James Martin\n\nMain course\n\nFAQs about BBC Food\n\n## Find us here\n\n## Explore the BBC\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Sport\n * Weather\n * iPlayer\n * Sounds\n * CBBC\n * CBeebies\n * Food\n * Bitesize\n * Earth\n * Arts\n * Make It Digital\n * Taster\n * Local\n * Tomorrow's World\n * TV\n * Radio\n\n * Terms of Use\n * About the BBC\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookies\n * Accessibility Help\n * Parental Guidance\n * Contact the BBC\n * Get Personalised Newsletters\n\nCopyright © 2019 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external\nsites. Read about our approach to external linking.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/cooking-skills/preparing/trimming-chicken", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511044406/https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/cooking-skills/preparing/trimming-chicken", "parsed_text": { "title": "Trimming Chicken Video", "passages": [ "Learn how to trim chicken (remove excess fat) like a chef in this video from American Heart Association's Simple Cooking with Heart program.", "Written by American Heart Association editorial staff and reviewed by science and medicine advisers. See our editorial policies and staff.", "*All health/medical information on this website has been reviewed and approved by the American Heart Association, based on scientific research and American Heart Association guidelines. Use this link for more information on our content editorial process.", "©2021 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use prohibited. The American Heart Association is a qualified 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. *Red Dress TM DHHS, Go Red TM AHA ; National Wear Red Day® is a registered trademark.", "This link is provided for convenience only and is not an endorsement of either the linked-to entity or any product or service." ] }, "parsed_md": "Trimming Chicken Video | American Heart Association\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# Trimming Chicken Video\n\nLearn how to trim chicken (remove excess fat) like a chef in this video from\nAmerican Heart Association's Simple Cooking with Heart program.\n\nWritten by American Heart Association editorial staff and reviewed by science\nand medicine advisers. See our editorial policies and staff.\n\nLast Reviewed: Apr 26, 2018\n\n## Related Articles\n\nEasy Oven Baked Chicken Breasts with Microwave Steamed Squash\n\nCrunchy Chicken with Oven-Roasted Broccoli\n\n## Popular Articles\n\nHow to Choose and Cook Leaner Cuts of Meat Video\n\n5 Easy Ways to Find Healthier Options While Grocery Shopping\n\n## Kroger Health\n\nNationally Sponsored by\n\nLearn more about Kroger Health\n\n## SweetLeaf^®\n\nNationally Supported by\n\nLearn more about SweetLeaf®\n\n## Eggland's Best\n\nNationally Supported by\n\nLearn more about Eggland’s Best\n\n*All health/medical information on this website has been reviewed and approved by the American Heart Association, based on scientific research and American Heart Association guidelines. Use this link for more information on our content editorial process.\n\nNational Center 7272 Greenville Ave. Dallas, TX 75231\n\nCustomer Service 1-800-AHA-USA-1 1-800-242-8721\n\nContact Us\n\nHours Monday - Friday: 7AM - 9PM CST Saturday: 9AM - 5PM CST Closed on Sundays\n\nTax Identification Number 13-5613797\n\n## About Us\n\n * About the AHA/ASA\n * Annual Report\n * AHA Financial Information\n * International Programs\n * Latest Heart and Stroke News\n * AHA/ASA Media Newsroom\n * Careers\n\n## Get Involved\n\n * Donate Now\n * Make a Memorial Gift\n * Ways to Give\n * Advocate\n * Volunteer\n * Go Red For Women\n * SHOP\n\n## Our Sites\n\n * American Stroke Association\n * CPR & ECC\n * Professional Heart Daily\n * More Sites\n\n * AHA Careers\n * Privacy Policy\n * Medical Advice Disclaimer\n * Copyright Policy\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Ethics Policy\n * Conflict of Interest Policy\n * Linking Policy\n * Content Editorial Guidelines\n * Diversity\n * Suppliers & Providers\n * State Fundraising Notices\n\n©2021 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use\nprohibited. The American Heart Association is a qualified 501(c)(3) tax-exempt\norganization. *Red Dress TM DHHS, Go Red TM AHA ; National Wear Red Day® is a\nregistered trademark.\n\nThis site complies with the HONcode Standard for trustworthy health\ninformation: verify here.\n\n×\n\nThis link is provided for convenience only and is not an endorsement of either\nthe linked-to entity or any product or service.\n\nProceed\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.today.com/food/should-you-rinse-raw-chicken-ina-garten-debunks-cooking-myth-t125376", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210504124841/https://www.today.com/food/should-you-rinse-raw-chicken-ina-garten-debunks-cooking-myth-t125376", "parsed_text": { "title": "Should you wash raw chicken? CDC posts serious reminder about food poisoning", "passages": [ "To wash or not to wash? Here's what the food safety experts and celebrity chefs say about properly handling poultry.", "It’s an age-old debate that's been dividing the culinary community for decades: Should you rinse raw chicken before cooking it?", "One of America's most beloved chefs, Julia Child, believed in washing raw poultry. However, her legendary co-host Jacques Pepin on “Julia & Jacques Cooking at Home” famously disagreed, saying that the heat from the oven kills off any germs or bacteria.", "On Friday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an emphatic reminder on social media to home cooks about how to prevent food poisoning while cooking chicken.", "\"Don't wash your raw chicken!\" the government organization tweeted. \"Washing can spread germs from the chicken to other food or utensils in the kitchen.\"", "Don’t wash your raw chicken! Washing can spread germs from the chicken to other food or utensils in the kitchen. https://t.co/QlFpd1alG3 pic.twitter.com/bLB1ofcuh7", "During an episode of Food Network's “Cook Like a Pro\" that aired last year, Ina Garten, aka the Barefoot Contessa, also weighed in on the debate, saying that there's no need to wash poultry before you cook it, breaking with Child, whom she has cited as one of her culinary idols. \"I know there's this whole debate about whether you wash the chicken before you do this, or you don't,\" said Garten as she prepared to roast a whole bird.", "According to the Food Safety and Inspection Service of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), properly cooking a chicken to the right temperature will kill any bacteria. Argyris K. Magoulas, a USDA technical information specialist, told TODAY Food emphatically that you should not wash raw chicken due to the risk of potential cross-contamination of food-borne pathogens, like salmonella, which can be very dangerous.", "“The problem is that you can splash, which can cross contaminate,” said Magoulas, noting that the pathogens could land on foods that may not get cooked later (like veggies) or cling to surfaces where they can linger for weeks or even months.", "He added, “Washing is not really removing the [bacteria]. You kill them [pathogens] when you cook them.” For chicken, the thickest part of the meat should reach 165 degrees before it’s safe to eat, so keep that meat thermometer handy.", "For years, both the CDC and USDA have been advising home cooks not to wash or rinse their raw chicken.", "However, the idea of rinsing chicken is still debated among many pros. TODAY asked several chefs for their take on whether it's ever OK — or even advisable — to wash raw poultry.", "Libbie Summers, chef and creative culinary director for the food delivery service Terra's Kitchen, explained to TODAY that she prefers to wash her chicken, but for her it’s not about the bacteria, she just wants to remove any dirt.", "\"I grew up on a farm in Missouri, and the chickens co-mingled with the pigs and other animals that weren’t the best at keeping up with personal hygiene,” said Summers. “I always wash my chickens to ensure that they’re completely clean with no grit left behind.\"", "Restauranteur and award-winning barbecue chef Melissa Cookston is also a chicken washer. \"I agree that the high temperatures will kill all the germs, but I’m not taking any chances,” said Cookston. “I wash thoroughly before cooking. This also gives me a nice clean surface for seasonings to adhere to.\"", "But plenty of pros stick with the USDA guidelines. And when they do rinse, it's to get rid of unappetizing extras, not to kill germs.", "“If you buy fresh, skinless chicken breast, it doesn’t need to be washed,\" Luca Corazzina, executive chef at 312 Chicago, said. \"If you buy chicken from your supermarket that has been sitting in its own blood and juices for a few days, you will probably feel better giving it a quick rinse.”", "If you are really worried about making sure your poultry is as \"clean\" as possible, Magoulas did advise a safer method of \"washing\" the bird. If you want to remove excess sodium (many commercially produced chickens have added sodium to help preserve the meat and remove blood), it's OK to soak it in water — so the juices don't splash — and leave it in the refrigerator for no more than two hours before cooking." ] }, "parsed_md": "Should you wash raw chicken? CDC posts serious reminder about food poisoning\n\nIE 11 is not supported. For an optimal experience visit our site on another\nbrowser.\n\nEat Better TODAY\n\n# Should you wash raw chicken? CDC posts serious reminder about food poisoning\n\nTo wash or not to wash? Here's what the food safety experts and celebrity\nchefs say about properly handling poultry.\n\nMarch 20, 2018, 8:09 PM UTC / Updated May 2, 2019, 2:09 PM UTC\n\n/ Source: TODAY\n\nBy Lyn Mettler\n\nIt’s an age-old debate that's been dividing the culinary community for\ndecades: Should you rinse raw chicken before cooking it?\n\nOne of America's most beloved chefs, Julia Child, believed in washing raw\npoultry. However, her legendary co-host Jacques Pepin on “Julia & Jacques\nCooking at Home” famously disagreed, saying that the heat from the oven kills\noff any germs or bacteria.\n\nSo which culinary master is correct?\n\n> #TextsFromCelebChefs Don't forget to wash the chicken before cooking!\n> pic.twitter.com/yCANmyYbRs\n>\n> — randomgrandma (@randomgranny96) March 19, 2018\n\nSorry, Julia, but it looks like plenty of celebrity chefs, including Ina\nGarten, have the food safety experts on their side.\n\nOn Friday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an\nemphatic reminder on social media to home cooks about how to prevent food\npoisoning while cooking chicken.\n\n\"Don't wash your raw chicken!\" the government organization tweeted. \"Washing\ncan spread germs from the chicken to other food or utensils in the kitchen.\"\n\n> Don’t wash your raw chicken! Washing can spread germs from the chicken to\n> other food or utensils in the kitchen. https://t.co/QlFpd1alG3\n> pic.twitter.com/bLB1ofcuh7\n>\n> — CDC (@CDCgov) April 26, 2019\n\nIn an article linked to the tweet, the agency further explained that, \"During\nwashing, chicken juices can spread in the kitchen and contaminate other foods,\nutensils, and countertops.\" The article also added that it's important to\nthoroughly wash your hands after handling raw poultry and never use the same\ncutting board to prep other ingredients if raw chicken has touched it.\n\nDuring an episode of Food Network's “Cook Like a Pro\" that aired last year,\nIna Garten, aka the Barefoot Contessa, also weighed in on the debate, saying\nthat there's no need to wash poultry before you cook it, breaking with Child,\nwhom she has cited as one of her culinary idols. \"I know there's this whole\ndebate about whether you wash the chicken before you do this, or you don't,\"\nsaid Garten as she prepared to roast a whole bird.\n\n### Related\n\nFood\n\n### FoodIs organic chicken really better for you? A nutritionist weighs in\n\nAccording to the Food Safety and Inspection Service of the United States\nDepartment of Agriculture (USDA), properly cooking a chicken to the right\ntemperature will kill any bacteria. Argyris K. Magoulas, a USDA technical\ninformation specialist, told TODAY Food emphatically that you should not wash\nraw chicken due to the risk of potential cross-contamination of food-borne\npathogens, like salmonella, which can be very dangerous.\n\n“The problem is that you can splash, which can cross contaminate,” said\nMagoulas, noting that the pathogens could land on foods that may not get\ncooked later (like veggies) or cling to surfaces where they can linger for\nweeks or even months.\n\nHe added, “Washing is not really removing the [bacteria]. You kill them\n[pathogens] when you cook them.” For chicken, the thickest part of the meat\nshould reach 165 degrees before it’s safe to eat, so keep that meat\nthermometer handy.\n\nFor years, both the CDC and USDA have been advising home cooks not to wash or\nrinse their raw chicken.\n\nWhen cooking chicken, it should reach 165 degrees at the thickest part when\nit's done. Featurepics\n\nHowever, the idea of rinsing chicken is still debated among many pros. TODAY\nasked several chefs for their take on whether it's ever OK — or even advisable\n— to wash raw poultry.\n\nLibbie Summers, chef and creative culinary director for the food delivery\nservice Terra's Kitchen, explained to TODAY that she prefers to wash her\nchicken, but for her it’s not about the bacteria, she just wants to remove any\ndirt.\n\n\"I grew up on a farm in Missouri, and the chickens co-mingled with the pigs\nand other animals that weren’t the best at keeping up with personal hygiene,”\nsaid Summers. “I always wash my chickens to ensure that they’re completely\nclean with no grit left behind.\"\n\nRestauranteur and award-winning barbecue chef Melissa Cookston is also a\nchicken washer. \"I agree that the high temperatures will kill all the germs,\nbut I’m not taking any chances,” said Cookston. “I wash thoroughly before\ncooking. This also gives me a nice clean surface for seasonings to adhere to.\"\n\n## Make Martha Stewart's slow-cooker chicken 3 delicious ways\n\nAug. 30, 201705:54\n\nBut plenty of pros stick with the USDA guidelines. And when they do rinse,\nit's to get rid of unappetizing extras, not to kill germs.\n\n“If you buy fresh, skinless chicken breast, it doesn’t need to be washed,\"\nLuca Corazzina, executive chef at 312 Chicago, said. \"If you buy chicken from\nyour supermarket that has been sitting in its own blood and juices for a few\ndays, you will probably feel better giving it a quick rinse.”\n\nIf you are really worried about making sure your poultry is as \"clean\" as\npossible, Magoulas did advise a safer method of \"washing\" the bird. If you\nwant to remove excess sodium (many commercially produced chickens have added\nsodium to help preserve the meat and remove blood), it's OK to soak it in\nwater — so the juices don't splash — and leave it in the refrigerator for no\nmore than two hours before cooking.\n\nA version of this article was originally published in March 2018.\n\n© 2021 NBC UNIVERSAL\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--1090/cleaning-chicken.asp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511173043/https://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--1090/cleaning-chicken.asp", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Cooking Tips", "passages": [ "If the chicken was frozen, be sure it is completely thawed. Remove the fresh or thawed chicken from its package.", "Generally, a whole chicken will contain a giblet package that needs to be removed from its cavity, unless it was previously removed during thawing. If the giblets are to be used, rinse with cold water and pat dry with a paper towel.", "Check the cavity of the chicken at the tail end to see if the kidneys have been removed. The kidneys are the dark reddish colored objects located on the back side of the cavity near the tail. If they have not been removed, use your thumbs or fingers to force them out.", "Pat the chicken dry using a paper towel. It is now ready to be stuffed, seasoned or prepared in some manner for cooking.", "Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is strictly prohibited. © Copyright 2021 Tecstra Systems, All Rights Reserved, RecipeTips.com" ] }, "parsed_md": "Cleaning Chicken - How To Cooking Tips - RecipeTips.com\n\nRecipes\n\n|\n\nTips & Advice\n\n|\n\nGlossary\n\n|\n\nVideos\n\n|\n\nCommunity\n\n|\n\nSeasonal\n\n|\n\nMy Recipe Box\n\nJoin Now | Sign In\n\nLoading\n\nAdvanced Search\n\n# Cleaning Chicken\n\n...\n\nMeat\n\nChicken ▼\n\nChicken Products\n\nChicken Shopping Guide\n\nChicken Preparation Guide\n\nChicken Cooking Guide\n\nChicken Preparation Guide\n\n\\+ Larger Image\n\nRate & Review\n\nProvided By RecipeTips\n\nShare this!\n\nSave\n\nRate & Review\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nCleaning\n\n|\n\nIf the chicken was frozen, be sure it is completely thawed. Remove the fresh\nor thawed chicken from its package.\n\nGenerally, a whole chicken will contain a giblet package that needs to be\nremoved from its cavity, unless it was previously removed during thawing. If\nthe giblets are to be used, rinse with cold water and pat dry with a paper\ntowel. \n \n--- \n \nCheck the cavity of the chicken at the tail end to see if the kidneys have\nbeen removed. The kidneys are the dark reddish colored objects located on the\nback side of the cavity near the tail. If they have not been removed, use your\nthumbs or fingers to force them out.\n\nThe chicken should then be rinsed thoroughly inside and out with cold water. \n \nCheck neck and tail area for excess fat. Trim the excess away and discard. \n \nPat the chicken dry using a paper towel. It is now ready to be stuffed,\nseasoned or prepared in some manner for cooking.\n\nWhen finished, be sure all utensils and work areas are cleaned and sanitized\nproperly. \n \nMore Chicken Preparation Guide >>\n\nSave\n\nRate & Review\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nLoading\n\nAdvanced Search\n\n## Cleaning Chicken Reviews\n\nThere currently aren't any reviews or comments for this article. Be the first!\n\nRate It!\n\nAdd A Review Now!\n\nComment on this\n\nThawing Chicken\n\nBrining Chicken\n\nStuffing Chicken\n\nTrussing a Chicken\n\nCutting Up Chicken\n\nBoning a Chicken Breast\n\nButterflying Chicken\n\nRelated Recipes\n\nChicken Recipes\n\nBaked and Roasted Chicken Recipes\n\nGrilled Chicken Recipes\n\nHerbed Chicken Casserole\n\nOriental Stir Fry\n\nChicken Breast Recipes\n\nRoast Lemon Chicken With Vegetables\n\nChicken Burrito\n\nEasy Chicken Wings\n\nChicken Enchiladas\n\nChicken Casserole Recipes\n\nChicken Divine - Chicken Rice and Broccoli Casserole\n\nChicken and Rice Casserole\n\nSlow Cooker Chicken Noodle Soup\n\nJamaican Jerk Chicken\n\nChicken Wing Recipes\n\nSlow Cooker Chicken and Rice\n\nGrilled Chicken Thighs\n\nHomemade Chicken Noodle Soup\n\nOven Baked Chicken and Vegetables\n\nRelated Glossary Terms\n\ncleaning hands when handling chilie peppers\n\nchicken alfredo soup\n\nchicken cheese enchilada soup\n\nchicken broccoli cheese and potato soup\n\nFollow Us!\n\nCharts\n\nRecipes\n\nTips\n\nBeef Cooking Times\n\nChicken Cooking Times\n\nCooking Temperature and Time\n\nFood Substitutions\n\nHam Cooking Times\n\nHow Much To Buy\n\nLamb Cooking Times\n\nPork Cooking Times\n\nTurkey Cooking Times\n\nPopular Recipe Pages\n\nRecipe Search\n\nRecipes A to Z\n\nPopular Recipes\n\nRecipe Search\n\nSeasonal Recipes\n\nOur Newest Recipes\n\nRecipes A to Z\n\nAll About Sweet Corn\n\nGrilling Cooking Tips and Advice\n\nGrilling and Broiling Chicken\n\nSeasonal Cooking Tips\n\nSeasonal Cooking Videos\n\nCooking Tips Index\n\nAdvertisement\n\nFind similar... 2 of 20 (below)\n\nGo >\n\n3 .. 20\n\nbarbecued chicken\n\nchicken marsala recipe\n\nGo >\n\n3 .. 20\n\nAdvertisement\n\nMobile Site | Contact Us | Site Index | Promotions | Terms of Use | Privacy\nPolicy | Advertise | Licensing\n\nReproduction in whole or in part without written permission is strictly\nprohibited. © Copyright 2021 Tecstra Systems, All Rights Reserved,\nRecipeTips.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/07/knife-skills-how-to-cut-chicken-breasts-into-cutlets.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422065750/https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/07/knife-skills-how-to-cut-chicken-breasts-into-cutlets.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Cut Chicken Breasts Into Cutlets", "passages": [ "Learning how to cut a chicken breast into thin cutlets is an essential skill for weeknight cooking. Thinner chicken cutlets cook more rapidly than full- sized breasts and are ideal for searing or breading and frying in dishes like Chicken Marsala, Chicken Schnitzel, or Chicken Parmesan.", "The most difficult step is the cutting: It requires a sharp knife and a bit of practice. If you're still a little green in the kitchen, you'll probably make a few holes in your chicken breasts before you get the hang of it—no worries, they'll still taste just as good.", "Once you've got the breast split, the pounding is fun and easy. The key is not to pound too hard, which gives you less control over the final thickness and can lead to holes in your meat. So easy does it, okay?", "Place a boneless, skinless chicken breast, with the tender removed, on a cutting board, and hold it flat with the palm of your non-knife hand. Using a sharp chef's, boning, or fillet knife, slice the chicken breast horizontally into two even pieces. It helps if you do this close to the edge of the cutting board.", "Using your knife, split a gallon-sized zipper-lock bag along both edges so that it can be opened up into a flat sheet. Alternatively, you can use layers of plastic wrap, though plastic wrap has a tendency to tear during pounding.", "Place the chicken between the layers of plastic, and spread the plastic out tight to avoid wrinkles, which can leave imprints on the meat's surface.", "Use a meat pounder or the bottom of a sturdy eight-inch skillet to gently pound the chicken. When pounding, go slow and steady to avoid making holes. Rather than moving the pan directly up and down, use slight lateral motions to gently coax the chicken into shape. The goal is an even thickness and form.", "All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.", "J. Kenji López-Alt is a stay-at-home dad who moonlights as the Chief Culinary Consultant of Serious Eats and the Chef/Partner of Wursthall, a German- inspired California beer hall near his home in San Mateo. His first book, The Food Lab: Better Home Cooking Through Science (based on his Serious Eats column of the same name) is a New York Times best-seller, recipient of a James Beard Award, and was named Cookbook of the Year in 2015 by the International Association of Culinary Professionals. Kenji's next project is a children’s book called Every Night is Pizza Night, to be released in 2020, followed by another big cookbook in 2021.", "Post whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We reserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on our Terms of Use page." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Cut Chicken Breasts Into Cutlets | Knife Skills | Serious Eats\n\n * Chicken\n * Cooking Techniques\n * Knife Skills\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Recipes\n * Ingredient\n * Meats and Poultry\n * Chicken\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n * Knife Skills\n\n# How to Cut Chicken Breasts Into Cutlets\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\n16 Printer-Friendly Version\n\nPublished: July 17, 2015 Last Updated: September 9, 2020\n\n[Photographs and video: J. Kenji López-Alt]\n\nLearning how to cut a chicken breast into thin cutlets is an essential skill\nfor weeknight cooking. Thinner chicken cutlets cook more rapidly than full-\nsized breasts and are ideal for searing or breading and frying in dishes like\nChicken Marsala, Chicken Schnitzel, or Chicken Parmesan.\n\nThe most difficult step is the cutting: It requires a sharp knife and a bit of\npractice. If you're still a little green in the kitchen, you'll probably make\na few holes in your chicken breasts before you get the hang of it—no worries,\nthey'll still taste just as good.\n\nOnce you've got the breast split, the pounding is fun and easy. The key is not\nto pound too hard, which gives you less control over the final thickness and\ncan lead to holes in your meat. So easy does it, okay?\n\n### Step 1: Split Breast\n\nPlace a boneless, skinless chicken breast, with the tender removed, on a\ncutting board, and hold it flat with the palm of your non-knife hand. Using a\nsharp chef's, boning, or fillet knife, slice the chicken breast horizontally\ninto two even pieces. It helps if you do this close to the edge of the cutting\nboard.\n\n#### Misono UX10 Santoku 7.0\" (18cm) - Right\n\n$195.99from Amazon\n\n### Step 2: Open Bag\n\nUsing your knife, split a gallon-sized zipper-lock bag along both edges so\nthat it can be opened up into a flat sheet. Alternatively, you can use layers\nof plastic wrap, though plastic wrap has a tendency to tear during pounding.\n\n### Step 3: Sandwich Chicken\n\nPlace the chicken between the layers of plastic, and spread the plastic out\ntight to avoid wrinkles, which can leave imprints on the meat's surface.\n\n### Step 4: Pound Chicken\n\nUse a meat pounder or the bottom of a sturdy eight-inch skillet to gently\npound the chicken. When pounding, go slow and steady to avoid making holes.\nRather than moving the pan directly up and down, use slight lateral motions to\ngently coax the chicken into shape. The goal is an even thickness and form.\n\n### Step 5: Done!\n\nWhen finished, the chicken should be an even quarter inch in thickness all\naround.\n\nAll products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We\nmay earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt Chief Culinary Advisor\n\n * Profile\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * Facebook\n * Contact\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt is a stay-at-home dad who moonlights as the Chief Culinary\nConsultant of Serious Eats and the Chef/Partner of Wursthall, a German-\ninspired California beer hall near his home in San Mateo. His first book, The\nFood Lab: Better Home Cooking Through Science (based on his Serious Eats\ncolumn of the same name) is a New York Times best-seller, recipient of a James\nBeard Award, and was named Cookbook of the Year in 2015 by the International\nAssociation of Culinary Professionals. Kenji's next project is a children’s\nbook called Every Night is Pizza Night, to be released in 2020, followed by\nanother big cookbook in 2021.\n\n16 Printer-Friendly Version\n\n###### Tags\n\n * chicken\n * essential\n * knife skill\n\n * Chicken\n * Cooking Techniques\n * Knife Skills\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Recipes\n * Ingredient\n * Meats and Poultry\n * Chicken\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n * Knife Skills\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\nSign In or Register\n\nShow 16 Comments\n\n##### Comments\n\n### Hello Eater!\n\nWant to comment? Sign In or Register\n\n##### ADD A COMMENT\n\n##### PREVIEW YOUR COMMENT\n\n##### HTML Hints\n\nSome HTML is OK: <a href=\"URL\">link</a>, <strong>strong</strong>, <em>em</em>\n\n##### Comment Guidelines\n\nPost whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We\nreserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on\nour Terms of Use page.\n\nIf you see something not so nice, please, report an inappropriate comment.\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\n## Popular Recipes\n\nChinese\n\n#### Singapore Noodles\n\nStir-fried rice noodles with shrimp, pork, and vegetables.\n\nShao Z.\n\nMains\n\n#### Extra-Crispy Bar-Style Tortilla Pizza Supreme\n\nPepperoni, peppers, onions, and sausage on an extra-thin crust.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nChicken\n\n#### Serious Eats' Halal Cart-Style Chicken and Rice With White Sauce\n\nTake the Halal cart home with you.\n\nCaroline Russock\n\nAmerican\n\n#### Foolproof Pan Pizza\n\nThis cast iron pizza recipe is the easiest method for making a crisp-crusted,\nairy, chewy pan pizza at home.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\n## More Chicken\n\n#### Taste Test: The Best Frozen Chicken Nuggets\n\n#### How to Slice Chicken Breast for Stir-Fries\n\n#### How to Debone a Chicken Thigh\n\nSerious Eats\n\n * Latest\n * Masthead\n * Contact\n * About\n * Advertise\n * Jobs\n * Sitemap\n * FAQ\n\nFollow Us\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * © 2021 Serious Eats Inc., by Dotdash\n\n#### Welcome! Please sign in.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/8814/homemade-chicken-soup/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210413003412/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/8814/homemade-chicken-soup/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Homemade Chicken Soup Recipe", "passages": [ "Homemade chicken soup - but you don't have to be sick to deserve or enjoy it - you do, so do! Good for body and soul!", "Your basic chicken soup recipe found in most general cook books. It is the old reliable of chicken soup recipes. I appreciated the hint to cut the carrots, celery and onions in half. I had always cut them up in small pieces, and then when I would drain the broth, it was messy to try to retrieve the cut up veggies to put them back in the broth. This is so much easier! When I drain the broth, I place a paper towel in the sieve. It makes for a nice clear broth. I also cook up some noodles to add to the soup. I do not like to add the noodles directly to the pot of soup, because the noodles will aborb too much of the broth. Read More", "I give this a three as written. But with changes it moves up to a four. I added some fresh herbs, and did not use the veggies that were in the stock, because the veggies had lost all of there flavor. I used freshly chopped veggies. Then I added 2 cups of water with 2 cubes of chicken bouillon. Read More", "Your basic chicken soup recipe found in most general cook books. It is the old reliable of chicken soup recipes. I appreciated the hint to cut the carrots, celery and onions in half. I had always cut them up in small pieces, and then when I would drain the broth, it was messy to try to retrieve the cut up veggies to put them back in the broth. This is so much easier! When I drain the broth, I place a paper towel in the sieve. It makes for a nice clear broth. I also cook up some noodles to add to the soup. I do not like to add the noodles directly to the pot of soup, because the noodles will aborb too much of the broth. Read More", "I give this a three as written. But with changes it moves up to a four. I added some fresh herbs, and did not use the veggies that were in the stock, because the veggies had lost all of there flavor. I used freshly chopped veggies. Then I added 2 cups of water with 2 cubes of chicken bouillon. Read More", "Absolutely wonderful recipe! I used about 2 1/2 lbs. of cut up chicken and used 4 packets of Goya Chicken Bouillon and I think that probably was the secret to seasoning this soup. I used baby carrots and put two whole (scrubbed with the peel on) potatoes in the bottom of the pot with chicken. I followed the instructions and let it cook, took the chicken off the bone and returned everything to the pot after I cut up the veggies. I then added some frozen vegetable soup cut veggies (celery, peas, onion, potatoes, okra, etc.) and ditalini pasta. My son has a cold and this soup really hit the spot with him, even in 110 degree weather! I really recommend this soup recipe! I put half in individual containers in our freezer and my son, who wants soup every day, will be set for at least a few days! Read More", "This recipe is very tasty though it is also very basic - which is perfect for the beginner chef. Once you begin to \"doctor\" your own recipes, you will see that the more flavors you add to chicken broth, the better. For example, why stop with carrots and celery? In addition to these things, I add a potato, tomato, fresh basil, fresh parsley, red peper, onion, etc... Make sure to be generous with the salt as stock can be quite bland unless seasoned appropriately. I even use a couple of bay leaves and a couple of peppercorns during the cooking process. Bring the liquid to a boil, then turn the heat down and simmer. I use a lid on my soup to keep evaporation to a minimim, though I \"vent\" the lid with a wooden spoon during cooking (kind of props up the lid) so that it isn't completely sealed shut... Add water 1/2 way through cooking if necessary. Boullion is OK, but not necessary if you have the appropriate blend of chicken, veggies and herbs. Serve with rice or your noodle of choice. Never cook noodles in the broth - always in a separate pot because the starch will ruin your soup. The more you times you make this recipe, the more you will enjoy it - as it is definitely a process of trial and error. ENJOY! Read More", "Wonderful soup, I cooked the soup w/out carrots & potatoes most of the day, adding them in the last hour. For a little extra taste I added some cumin. The whole family loved it, great for a blustery and rainy day here in the great northwest! Read More", "Pretty good soup. I used a roasted chicken carcass from our previous nights dinner as I feel it adds more flavor then the uncooked chicken. I also used canned chicken broth in lieu of the water, along with my usual seasonings. We're eating a lot of soup these days as it's frigid here in northwest N.J.! Thanks Jill! Read More", "Yummy. I followed the recipe as written - and at the end - added \"uncooked star shaped pastas\" and cooked an additional 10 minutes - making it Homemade Chicken Soup with Stars. I submitted a photo of the finished project. Read More", "This is a great recipe to work with as your base for your own chicken noodle soup. I usually follow the general idea of it to make my stock adding a bunch of garlic and a couple other spices. Then I add my own veggies to the soup. If you like beans in your chicken soup add beans. Basically add whatever you enjoy! Read More", "This was the first time making Chicken Soup from scratch and I was surprized at how simple it was. My husband wanted homemade noodles with it so I used Pat's recipe for \"Basic Pasta\" and it turned out GREAT! We added the noodles to the soup and let them boil for about 15 minuites and served. I saved the leftovers and they tasted even better the second time!!! I also added a bit more water while the chicken was boiling. I will definatly be making this again! Read More", "*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.", "(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.", "Your basic chicken soup recipe found in most general cook books. It is the old reliable of chicken soup recipes. I appreciated the hint to cut the carrots, celery and onions in half. I had always cut them up in small pieces, and then when I would drain the broth, it was messy to try to retrieve the cut up veggies to put them back in the broth. This is so much easier! When I drain the broth, I place a paper towel in the sieve. It makes for a nice clear broth. I also cook up some noodles to add to the soup. I do not like to add the noodles directly to the pot of soup, because the noodles will aborb too much of the broth.", "I give this a three as written. But with changes it moves up to a four. I added some fresh herbs, and did not use the veggies that were in the stock, because the veggies had lost all of there flavor. I used freshly chopped veggies. Then I added 2 cups of water with 2 cubes of chicken bouillon.", "Absolutely wonderful recipe! I used about 2 1/2 lbs. of cut up chicken and used 4 packets of Goya Chicken Bouillon and I think that probably was the secret to seasoning this soup. I used baby carrots and put two whole (scrubbed with the peel on) potatoes in the bottom of the pot with chicken. I followed the instructions and let it cook, took the chicken off the bone and returned everything to the pot after I cut up the veggies. I then added some frozen vegetable soup cut veggies (celery, peas, onion, potatoes, okra, etc.) and ditalini pasta. My son has a cold and this soup really hit the spot with him, even in 110 degree weather! I really recommend this soup recipe! I put half in individual containers in our freezer and my son, who wants soup every day, will be set for at least a few days!", "This recipe is very tasty though it is also very basic - which is perfect for the beginner chef. Once you begin to \"doctor\" your own recipes, you will see that the more flavors you add to chicken broth, the better. For example, why stop with carrots and celery? In addition to these things, I add a potato, tomato, fresh basil, fresh parsley, red peper, onion, etc... Make sure to be generous with the salt as stock can be quite bland unless seasoned appropriately. I even use a couple of bay leaves and a couple of peppercorns during the cooking process. Bring the liquid to a boil, then turn the heat down and simmer. I use a lid on my soup to keep evaporation to a minimim, though I \"vent\" the lid with a wooden spoon during cooking (kind of props up the lid) so that it isn't completely sealed shut... Add water 1/2 way through cooking if necessary. Boullion is OK, but not necessary if you have the appropriate blend of chicken, veggies and herbs. Serve with rice or your noodle of choice. Never cook noodles in the broth - always in a separate pot because the starch will ruin your soup. The more you times you make this recipe, the more you will enjoy it - as it is definitely a process of trial and error. ENJOY!", "Wonderful soup, I cooked the soup w/out carrots & potatoes most of the day, adding them in the last hour. For a little extra taste I added some cumin. The whole family loved it, great for a blustery and rainy day here in the great northwest!", "Pretty good soup. I used a roasted chicken carcass from our previous nights dinner as I feel it adds more flavor then the uncooked chicken. I also used canned chicken broth in lieu of the water, along with my usual seasonings. We're eating a lot of soup these days as it's frigid here in northwest N.J.! Thanks Jill!", "Yummy. I followed the recipe as written - and at the end - added \"uncooked star shaped pastas\" and cooked an additional 10 minutes - making it Homemade Chicken Soup with Stars. I submitted a photo of the finished project.", "This is a great recipe to work with as your base for your own chicken noodle soup. I usually follow the general idea of it to make my stock adding a bunch of garlic and a couple other spices. Then I add my own veggies to the soup. If you like beans in your chicken soup add beans. Basically add whatever you enjoy!", "This was the first time making Chicken Soup from scratch and I was surprized at how simple it was. My husband wanted homemade noodles with it so I used Pat's recipe for \"Basic Pasta\" and it turned out GREAT! We added the noodles to the soup and let them boil for about 15 minuites and served. I saved the leftovers and they tasted even better the second time!!! I also added a bit more water while the chicken was boiling. I will definatly be making this again!", "Meredith Allrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "Homemade Chicken Soup Recipe | Allrecipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Allrecipes\n\nAllrecipes Allrecipes\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nGet Allrecipes Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Create a Profile\n * Newsletters\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Your Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nRating: 4.53 stars\n\n253 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 164\n * 4 star values: 69\n * 3 star values: 12\n * 2 star values: 5\n * 1 star values: 3\n\n * Read Reviews\n * Add Reviews\n\n * 253 Ratings\n * 192 Reviews\n * 28 Photos\n\nHomemade chicken soup - but you don't have to be sick to deserve or enjoy it -\nyou do, so do! Good for body and soul!\n\nBy Jill\n\nSave Pin Print\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Gallery\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup valuvstoeat\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup Kathleen Jean Turner\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup Christopher Bezak\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup Emily Abu-Sitta\n\n\\+ 24 24 more images\n\n## Recipe Summary\n\nServings:\n\n10\n\nYield:\n\n10 servings\n\nNutrition Info\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Ingredients\n\n10\n\nOriginal recipe yields 10 servings\n\nThe ingredient list now reflects the servings specified\n\n## Directions\n\n## Nutrition Facts\n\nPer Serving:\n\n152 calories; protein 13.1g; carbohydrates 4.2g; fat 8.9g; cholesterol 36.9mg;\nsodium 67.6mg. Full Nutrition\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Reviews (192)\n\nRead More Reviews\n\n### Most helpful positive review\n\nMARY DOMAZ\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/29/2003\n\nYour basic chicken soup recipe found in most general cook books. It is the old\nreliable of chicken soup recipes. I appreciated the hint to cut the carrots,\ncelery and onions in half. I had always cut them up in small pieces, and then\nwhen I would drain the broth, it was messy to try to retrieve the cut up\nveggies to put them back in the broth. This is so much easier! When I drain\nthe broth, I place a paper towel in the sieve. It makes for a nice clear\nbroth. I also cook up some noodles to add to the soup. I do not like to add\nthe noodles directly to the pot of soup, because the noodles will aborb too\nmuch of the broth. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(2046)\n\n### Most helpful critical review\n\nKATEFOODFUN\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n09/10/2006\n\nI give this a three as written. But with changes it moves up to a four. I\nadded some fresh herbs, and did not use the veggies that were in the stock,\nbecause the veggies had lost all of there flavor. I used freshly chopped\nveggies. Then I added 2 cups of water with 2 cubes of chicken bouillon. Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(1752)\n\n253 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 164\n * 4 star values: 69\n * 3 star values: 12\n * 2 star values: 5\n * 1 star values: 3\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nMARY DOMAZ\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/29/2003\n\nYour basic chicken soup recipe found in most general cook books. It is the old\nreliable of chicken soup recipes. I appreciated the hint to cut the carrots,\ncelery and onions in half. I had always cut them up in small pieces, and then\nwhen I would drain the broth, it was messy to try to retrieve the cut up\nveggies to put them back in the broth. This is so much easier! When I drain\nthe broth, I place a paper towel in the sieve. It makes for a nice clear\nbroth. I also cook up some noodles to add to the soup. I do not like to add\nthe noodles directly to the pot of soup, because the noodles will aborb too\nmuch of the broth. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(2046)\n\nKATEFOODFUN\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n09/10/2006\n\nI give this a three as written. But with changes it moves up to a four. I\nadded some fresh herbs, and did not use the veggies that were in the stock,\nbecause the veggies had lost all of there flavor. I used freshly chopped\nveggies. Then I added 2 cups of water with 2 cubes of chicken bouillon. Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(1752)\n\nMarian\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/25/2005\n\nAbsolutely wonderful recipe! I used about 2 1/2 lbs. of cut up chicken and\nused 4 packets of Goya Chicken Bouillon and I think that probably was the\nsecret to seasoning this soup. I used baby carrots and put two whole (scrubbed\nwith the peel on) potatoes in the bottom of the pot with chicken. I followed\nthe instructions and let it cook, took the chicken off the bone and returned\neverything to the pot after I cut up the veggies. I then added some frozen\nvegetable soup cut veggies (celery, peas, onion, potatoes, okra, etc.) and\nditalini pasta. My son has a cold and this soup really hit the spot with him,\neven in 110 degree weather! I really recommend this soup recipe! I put half in\nindividual containers in our freezer and my son, who wants soup every day,\nwill be set for at least a few days! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(1441)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAudra Schell Ganiear\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n07/21/2008\n\nThis recipe is very tasty though it is also very basic - which is perfect for\nthe beginner chef. Once you begin to \"doctor\" your own recipes, you will see\nthat the more flavors you add to chicken broth, the better. For example, why\nstop with carrots and celery? In addition to these things, I add a potato,\ntomato, fresh basil, fresh parsley, red peper, onion, etc... Make sure to be\ngenerous with the salt as stock can be quite bland unless seasoned\nappropriately. I even use a couple of bay leaves and a couple of peppercorns\nduring the cooking process. Bring the liquid to a boil, then turn the heat\ndown and simmer. I use a lid on my soup to keep evaporation to a minimim,\nthough I \"vent\" the lid with a wooden spoon during cooking (kind of props up\nthe lid) so that it isn't completely sealed shut... Add water 1/2 way through\ncooking if necessary. Boullion is OK, but not necessary if you have the\nappropriate blend of chicken, veggies and herbs. Serve with rice or your\nnoodle of choice. Never cook noodles in the broth - always in a separate pot\nbecause the starch will ruin your soup. The more you times you make this\nrecipe, the more you will enjoy it - as it is definitely a process of trial\nand error. ENJOY! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(672)\n\nKIM SPIERS\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n06/23/2003\n\nWonderful soup, I cooked the soup w/out carrots & potatoes most of the day,\nadding them in the last hour. For a little extra taste I added some cumin. The\nwhole family loved it, great for a blustery and rainy day here in the great\nnorthwest! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(278)\n\nLINDA MCLEAN\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n07/23/2003\n\nPretty good soup. I used a roasted chicken carcass from our previous nights\ndinner as I feel it adds more flavor then the uncooked chicken. I also used\ncanned chicken broth in lieu of the water, along with my usual seasonings.\nWe're eating a lot of soup these days as it's frigid here in northwest N.J.!\nThanks Jill! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(254)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nMaralena Howard\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/10/2006\n\nYummy. I followed the recipe as written - and at the end - added \"uncooked\nstar shaped pastas\" and cooked an additional 10 minutes - making it Homemade\nChicken Soup with Stars. I submitted a photo of the finished project. Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(168)\n\nMegan Blumenthal\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/16/2007\n\nThis is a great recipe to work with as your base for your own chicken noodle\nsoup. I usually follow the general idea of it to make my stock adding a bunch\nof garlic and a couple other spices. Then I add my own veggies to the soup. If\nyou like beans in your chicken soup add beans. Basically add whatever you\nenjoy! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(161)\n\nCRYSTALYNN21\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n09/25/2003\n\nThis was the first time making Chicken Soup from scratch and I was surprized\nat how simple it was. My husband wanted homemade noodles with it so I used\nPat's recipe for \"Basic Pasta\" and it turned out GREAT! We added the noodles\nto the soup and let them boil for about 15 minuites and served. I saved the\nleftovers and they tasted even better the second time!!! I also added a bit\nmore water while the chicken was boiling. I will definatly be making this\nagain! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(142)\n\nMore Reviews\n\nBack to Homemade Chicken Soup\n\n## All Reviews for Homemade Chicken Soup\n\n\\- of Reviews\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Share options\n\n## Nutritional Information\n\n## Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nServings Per Recipe: 10 Calories: 151.7\n\n% Daily Value *\n\nprotein: 13.1g 26 %\n\ncarbohydrates: 4.2g 1 %\n\ndietary fiber: 1.2g 5 %\n\nsugars: 2g\n\nfat: 8.9g 14 %\n\nsaturated fat: 2.4g 12 %\n\ncholesterol: 36.9mg 12 %\n\nvitamin a iu: 4209.6IU 84 %\n\nniacin equivalents: 5.4mg 42 %\n\nvitamin b6: 0.2mg 11 %\n\nvitamin c: 3mg 5 %\n\nfolate: 15.6mcg 4 %\n\ncalcium: 24mg 2 %\n\niron: 0.8mg 4 %\n\nmagnesium: 15.5mg 6 %\n\npotassium: 226.6mg 6 %\n\nsodium: 67.6mg 3 %\n\nthiamin: 0.1mg 8 %\n\ncalories from fat: 80.2\n\n*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\n\n**Nutrient information is not available for all ingredients. Amount is based\non available nutrient data.\n\n(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are\nfollowing a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or\nregistered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\n\nPowered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights\nReserved\n\n## UGC Reviews Modal\n\n### Reviews for: Photos of Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\n1 of 192\n\nAll Reviews\n\nMARY DOMAZ\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/29/2003\n\nYour basic chicken soup recipe found in most general cook books. It is the old\nreliable of chicken soup recipes. I appreciated the hint to cut the carrots,\ncelery and onions in half. I had always cut them up in small pieces, and then\nwhen I would drain the broth, it was messy to try to retrieve the cut up\nveggies to put them back in the broth. This is so much easier! When I drain\nthe broth, I place a paper towel in the sieve. It makes for a nice clear\nbroth. I also cook up some noodles to add to the soup. I do not like to add\nthe noodles directly to the pot of soup, because the noodles will aborb too\nmuch of the broth.\n\nHelpful\n\n(2046)\n\nKATEFOODFUN\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n09/10/2006\n\nI give this a three as written. But with changes it moves up to a four. I\nadded some fresh herbs, and did not use the veggies that were in the stock,\nbecause the veggies had lost all of there flavor. I used freshly chopped\nveggies. Then I added 2 cups of water with 2 cubes of chicken bouillon.\n\nHelpful\n\n(1752)\n\nMarian\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/25/2005\n\nAbsolutely wonderful recipe! I used about 2 1/2 lbs. of cut up chicken and\nused 4 packets of Goya Chicken Bouillon and I think that probably was the\nsecret to seasoning this soup. I used baby carrots and put two whole (scrubbed\nwith the peel on) potatoes in the bottom of the pot with chicken. I followed\nthe instructions and let it cook, took the chicken off the bone and returned\neverything to the pot after I cut up the veggies. I then added some frozen\nvegetable soup cut veggies (celery, peas, onion, potatoes, okra, etc.) and\nditalini pasta. My son has a cold and this soup really hit the spot with him,\neven in 110 degree weather! I really recommend this soup recipe! I put half in\nindividual containers in our freezer and my son, who wants soup every day,\nwill be set for at least a few days!\n\nHelpful\n\n(1441)\n\nAudra Schell Ganiear\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n07/21/2008\n\nThis recipe is very tasty though it is also very basic - which is perfect for\nthe beginner chef. Once you begin to \"doctor\" your own recipes, you will see\nthat the more flavors you add to chicken broth, the better. For example, why\nstop with carrots and celery? In addition to these things, I add a potato,\ntomato, fresh basil, fresh parsley, red peper, onion, etc... Make sure to be\ngenerous with the salt as stock can be quite bland unless seasoned\nappropriately. I even use a couple of bay leaves and a couple of peppercorns\nduring the cooking process. Bring the liquid to a boil, then turn the heat\ndown and simmer. I use a lid on my soup to keep evaporation to a minimim,\nthough I \"vent\" the lid with a wooden spoon during cooking (kind of props up\nthe lid) so that it isn't completely sealed shut... Add water 1/2 way through\ncooking if necessary. Boullion is OK, but not necessary if you have the\nappropriate blend of chicken, veggies and herbs. Serve with rice or your\nnoodle of choice. Never cook noodles in the broth - always in a separate pot\nbecause the starch will ruin your soup. The more you times you make this\nrecipe, the more you will enjoy it - as it is definitely a process of trial\nand error. ENJOY!\n\nHelpful\n\n(672)\n\nKIM SPIERS\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n06/23/2003\n\nWonderful soup, I cooked the soup w/out carrots & potatoes most of the day,\nadding them in the last hour. For a little extra taste I added some cumin. The\nwhole family loved it, great for a blustery and rainy day here in the great\nnorthwest!\n\nHelpful\n\n(278)\n\nLINDA MCLEAN\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n07/23/2003\n\nPretty good soup. I used a roasted chicken carcass from our previous nights\ndinner as I feel it adds more flavor then the uncooked chicken. I also used\ncanned chicken broth in lieu of the water, along with my usual seasonings.\nWe're eating a lot of soup these days as it's frigid here in northwest N.J.!\nThanks Jill!\n\nHelpful\n\n(254)\n\nMaralena Howard\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/10/2006\n\nYummy. I followed the recipe as written - and at the end - added \"uncooked\nstar shaped pastas\" and cooked an additional 10 minutes - making it Homemade\nChicken Soup with Stars. I submitted a photo of the finished project.\n\nHelpful\n\n(168)\n\nMegan Blumenthal\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/16/2007\n\nThis is a great recipe to work with as your base for your own chicken noodle\nsoup. I usually follow the general idea of it to make my stock adding a bunch\nof garlic and a couple other spices. Then I add my own veggies to the soup. If\nyou like beans in your chicken soup add beans. Basically add whatever you\nenjoy!\n\nHelpful\n\n(161)\n\nCRYSTALYNN21\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n09/25/2003\n\nThis was the first time making Chicken Soup from scratch and I was surprized\nat how simple it was. My husband wanted homemade noodles with it so I used\nPat's recipe for \"Basic Pasta\" and it turned out GREAT! We added the noodles\nto the soup and let them boil for about 15 minuites and served. I saved the\nleftovers and they tasted even better the second time!!! I also added a bit\nmore water while the chicken was boiling. I will definatly be making this\nagain!\n\nHelpful\n\n(142)\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n1 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nvaluvstoeat\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n2 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nKathleen Jean Turner\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n3 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nChristopher Bezak\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n4 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nEmily Abu-Sitta\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n5 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nMaria Elizabeth Rosado\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n6 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nColleen Wilson\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n7 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\ncyanon\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n8 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nChef Steve\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n9 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nMimi Hedo\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n10 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nSheilah\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n11 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nNiki\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n12 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nRaina Lovelady\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n13 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nRon W\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n14 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nClaudiu Ana\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n15 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nSusan Bechard- Haynes\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n16 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nMarcia Slotnick\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n17 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nSandi Reilly\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n18 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nLeanna Poole\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n19 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nVazquez\n\nHomemade Chicken Soup\n\n20 of 28 Homemade Chicken Soup\n\nFit&Healthy Mom\n\n## Review this recipe\n\nReview this recipe\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\nCongrats! 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1,427,813
How To Make Cornmeal Porridge
To make cornmeal porridge, start by bringing a pot of salted water to a boil. Then, while that's heating up, mix cornmeal, flour, and evaporated milk together in a bowl. Next, pour the contents of the bowl into the boiling water and stir everything for 5 minutes. Finally, stir in cinnamon, nutmeg, vanilla, sugar, and sweetened condensed milk before letting the porridge cool for 5 minutes.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20190701175056/https://www.seasoningbottle.com/cornmeal-porridge/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181225091457/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/258747/jamaican-cornmeal-porridge/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411134332/https://www.cookingmaniac.com/sweet-cornmeal-porridge/" ]
train
2,544
[ { "original_url": "https://www.seasoningbottle.com/cornmeal-porridge/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190701175056/https://www.seasoningbottle.com/cornmeal-porridge/", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Seasoning Bottle", "passages": [ "Knowing how to make this cornmeal porridge is one of the moments when I am happy that my mom cooked at home. I would have never known how to make it otherwise. Cornmeal porridge is a traditional Jamaican dish served during breakfast. It is made with the combination of finely ground cornmeal and milk. I like to sweeten mine with brown sugar and sweetened condensed milk. The first step to combining the flour with cornmeal is important step in order for the porridge to thicken. Porridge is the best meal to eat on a cool day. It warms the body and eases your mind of worries.", "I posted a youtube video about cornmeal porridge a while ago on YouTube, but this new recipe is better and I added evaporated milk to create a smoother milk taste. The key to keeping the porridge lump free is to stir the cornmeal mixture immediately as it hits the water to the cornmeal to settling.", "Turn water down to a low simmer and pour in cornmeal mixture stirring while pouring. Mixture will start to thicken up in water.", "Continue to stir until all the flavors are well mixed in. Turn heat off to prevent scorching the bottom of the pot. Porridge should be creamy and smooth" ] }, "parsed_md": "Cornmeal Porridge | The Seasoning Bottle\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Video\n\nBreakfast\n\n# Cornmeal Porridge\n\nDecember 15, 2015\n\nKnowing how to make this cornmeal porridge is one of the moments when I am\nhappy that my mom cooked at home. I would have never known how to make it\notherwise. Cornmeal porridge is a traditional Jamaican dish served during\nbreakfast. It is made with the combination of finely ground cornmeal and milk.\nI like to sweeten mine with brown sugar and sweetened condensed milk. The\nfirst step to combining the flour with cornmeal is important step in order for\nthe porridge to thicken. Porridge is the best meal to eat on a cool day. It\nwarms the body and eases your mind of worries.\n\nI posted a youtube video about cornmeal porridge a while ago on YouTube, but\nthis new recipe is better and I added evaporated milk to create a smoother\nmilk taste. The key to keeping the porridge lump free is to stir the cornmeal\nmixture immediately as it hits the water to the cornmeal to settling.\n\nCornmeal Porridge\n\nRecipe Type: easy\n\nCuisine: Jamaican\n\nAuthor: seasoningbottle\n\nPrep time: 5 mins\n\nCook time: 15 mins\n\nTotal time: 20 mins\n\nServes: 4\n\nWarm up with this creamy Jamaican Porridge\n\nIngredients\n\n * 4 cups boiling water\n * 1 cup fine yellow cornmeal\n * 2 tablespoon all purpose flour\n * 3/4 cup evaporated milk\n * 1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon\n * 1/8 teaspoon nutmeg\n * 1 teaspoon vanilla extract\n * 3/4 cup brown sugar\n * 1/2 cup sweetened condensed milk\n * 1/2 teaspoon of salt\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. In a medium pot bring water to a boil and season with salt\n 2. Mix cornmeal and flour together in a medium bowl\n 3. Stir in milk and evaporated milk to cornmeal mixing out any lumps\n 4. Turn water down to a low simmer and pour in cornmeal mixture stirring while pouring. Mixture will start to thicken up in water.\n 5. Stir continuously for 5 minutes to prevent lumps from forming. A few lumps are inevitable so don’t sweat.\n 6. Add cinnamon, nutmeg, vanilla, sugar, and sweetened condensed milk\n 7. Continue to stir until all the flavors are well mixed in. Turn heat off to prevent scorching the bottom of the pot. Porridge should be creamy and smooth\n 8. Serve with any kind of nut or dried fruit! Enjoy 🙂\n\n3.5.3208\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)\n * Click to print (Opens in new window)\n * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)\n\n0 Comments\n\nShare:\n\n##### seasoningbottle\n\n#### You Might Also Like\n\n### Sautéed Callaloo\n\nDecember 14, 2015\n\n### Sweet Cornbread with Lavender Syrup\n\nApril 16, 2017\n\n### White Cheddar Jalapeno Biscuits\n\nNovember 26, 2015\n\n#### No Comments\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel Reply\n\n#### Follow!\n\n#### Find us on Facebook\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * Braised Guava Short Ribs\n * Honey Turmeric Skillet Chicken + Black History Month Potuck\n * Creamy Roasted Tomato Coconut Soup (VEGAN)\n * Sweet Cornbread with Lavender Syrup\n * Fettuccine with Lemon Cream Sauce, Brussel Sprouts and Bacon\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Archives\n\n#### Instagram\n\nFollow Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/258747/jamaican-cornmeal-porridge/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181225091457/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/258747/jamaican-cornmeal-porridge/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Jamaican Cornmeal Porridge Recipe", "passages": [ "\"Holness family recipe for porridge made from cornmeal. This recipe makes enough porridge for one hungry adult or 2 hungry 6-year-olds.\"", "Combine water, cornmeal, whole milk, coconut milk, white sugar, vanilla extract, salt, nutmeg, and cinnamon in a blender; blend until smooth.", "Bring the mixture to a boil in a saucepan; whisk occasionally until beginning to thicken, about 5 minutes. Reduce heat when slow bubbles form. Stir frequently until as thick as you like, about 5 minutes. Add raisins.", "Per Serving: 536 calories; 15.2 g fat; 95.7 g carbohydrates; 7.1 g protein; 6 mg cholesterol; 1207 mg sodium. Full nutrition", "Great recipe! Easy to follow & straightforward. It came out delicious! My husband likes to start his day with porridge and this recipe is my new go-to, very quick & yummy." ] }, "parsed_md": "Jamaican Cornmeal Porridge Recipe - Allrecipes.com\n\nSkip to main content New<> this month\n\n * Follow us on:\n\nGet the Allrecipes magazine\n\n * BROWSE\n * Ingredient Search\n\n * Create a profile\n\n * ### Meal Type\n\n * Appetizers & Snacks\n * Breakfast & Brunch\n * Desserts\n * Dinner\n * Drinks\n * ### Ingredient\n\n * Beef\n * Chicken\n * Pasta\n * Pork\n * Salmon\n * ### Diet & Health\n\n * Diabetic\n * Gluten Free\n * Healthy\n * Low Calorie\n * Low Fat\n * ### Seasonal\n\n * Christmas Cookies\n * Christmas Recipes\n * New Year's\n * More Holidays and Events\n * Allrecipes Magazine Recipes\n * ### Dish Type\n\n * Breads\n * Cakes\n * Salads\n * Smoothies\n * Soups, Stews & Chili\n * ### Cooking Style\n\n * BBQ & Grilling\n * Quick & Easy\n * Slow Cooker\n * Vegan\n * Vegetarian\n * ### World Cuisine\n\n * Asian\n * Indian\n * Italian\n * Mexican\n * Southern\n * ### Special Collections\n\n * Food Wishes with Chef John\n * Our Newest Recipes\n * Trusted Brands\n\nAll Categories\n\n * Feed\n * Profile\n * Favorites\n * Friends\n * Shopping List\n * Settings\n\n * Browse Recipes\n * * * Appetizers & Snacks\n * Breakfast & Brunch\n * Desserts\n * Dinner\n * Drinks\n * * Beef\n * Chicken\n * Pasta\n * Pork\n * Salmon\n * * Diabetic\n * Gluten Free\n * Healthy\n * Low Calorie\n * Low Fat\n * * Christmas Cookies\n * Christmas Recipes\n * New Year's\n * More Holidays and Events\n * Allrecipes Magazine Recipes\n * * Breads\n * Cakes\n * Salads\n * Smoothies\n * Soups, Stews & Chili\n * * BBQ & Grilling\n * Quick & Easy\n * Slow Cooker\n * Vegan\n * Vegetarian\n * * Asian\n * Indian\n * Italian\n * Mexican\n * Southern\n * * Food Wishes with Chef John\n * Our Newest Recipes\n * Trusted Brands\n\nSee all categories\n\n * Allrecipes Magazine\n * Dinner Spinner TV\n * Shop\n * Cooking School\n * Newsletters\n * Ask the Community\n * Help\n * Jobs Newsroom\n\n 1. Home\n\n 2. Recipes\n\n 3. Breakfast and Brunch\n\n 4. Cereals\n\n# Jamaican Cornmeal Porridge\n\n3 made it | 2 reviews | 2 photos\n\n5\n\nRecipe by: Andrew Holness\n\n\"Holness family recipe for porridge made from cornmeal. This recipe makes\nenough porridge for one hungry adult or 2 hungry 6-year-olds.\"\n\nSave to favorites\n\nSaved\n\nSave\n\nI Made It Rate it Print Pin Share\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nAdded to shopping list. Go to shopping list.\n\n## Ingredients\n\n25 m\n\nservings 536 cals\n\nOriginal recipe yields 1 servings (1 serving)\n\n * Adjust\n * US\n * Metric\n\nNote: Recipe directions are for original size.\n\n## Directions\n\n{{model.addEditText}} Print\n\n * Prep\n\n5 m\n\n * Cook\n\n15 m\n\n * Ready In\n\n25 m\n\n 1. Combine water, cornmeal, whole milk, coconut milk, white sugar, vanilla extract, salt, nutmeg, and cinnamon in a blender; blend until smooth.\n 2. Bring the mixture to a boil in a saucepan; whisk occasionally until beginning to thicken, about 5 minutes. Reduce heat when slow bubbles form. Stir frequently until as thick as you like, about 5 minutes. Add raisins.\n 3. Remove from heat, cover, and let cool before serving, about 5 minutes.\n\nYou might also like\n\nJamaican Fried Snapper\n\nSee how to make a flavorful fried fish, Jamaica-style.\n\n## Get the magazine\n\n#### Get a full year for $5!\n\nCook 5-star weekday dinners every time.\n\n#### Footnotes\n\n * Cook's Notes:\n * You may also blend the cornmeal mixture in a NutriBulletTM or shake well in a sealed container.\n\n#### Nutrition Facts\n\nPer Serving: 536 calories; 15.2 g fat; 95.7 g carbohydrates; 7.1 g protein; 6\nmg cholesterol; 1207 mg sodium. Full nutrition\n\n * #### I made it!\n\n## Share\n\n## Explore more\n\n### Quinoa Prune Breakfast Porridge\n\n### Cream of Wheat (Semolina) Porridge\n\n### A Hearty Porridge\n\n### Spiced Quinoa Porridge\n\n### Breakfast Cereals\n\n279 recipes\n\n### French Toast—Oui, Oui!\n\nBy: Mackenzie Schieck\n\n## Get the magazine\n\n#### Get a full year for $5!\n\nCook 5-star weekday dinners every time.\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Reviews\n\nRead all reviews 2\n\nRate and review\n\n * #### My review\n\n * Edit review\n\nMost helpful\n\nMost positive\n\nLeast positive\n\nNewest\n\n * #### Ashlee Marie Hanley-Peterson\n\n * 46\n * 3\n\n10/3/2018\n\nReally yummy great when your pregnant. ????\n\nRead more\n\n * #### Jcar1229\n\n * 27\n * 7\n\n1/3/2018\n\nGreat recipe! Easy to follow & straightforward. It came out delicious! My\nhusband likes to start his day with porridge and this recipe is my new go-to,\nvery quick & yummy.\n\nRead more\n\nMore Reviews\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n * About Us\n * Newsroom\n * Jobs at Allrecipes\n\n * Advertising\n * Advertise with Us\n * Meredith Women's Network\n\n * Support\n * Site Map\n * Contact Us\n * Customer Support\n\n * Global Community\n * © 2018 Allrecipes.com All Rights Reserved\n * Privacy Policy Your California Rights\n * EU Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * Data Policy\n * EU Data Subject Requests\n * AdChoices Top\n\n * More Allrecipes\n * Allrecipes Magazine – Subscribe\n * Allrecipes Apps\n * Food Wishes Videos\n * The Allrecipes Blog\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cookingmaniac.com/sweet-cornmeal-porridge/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411134332/https://www.cookingmaniac.com/sweet-cornmeal-porridge/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Sweet Cornmeal Porridge", "passages": [ "This sweet cornmeal porridge is perfect for breakfast. It has creamy cornmeal, crunchy almonds and is perfectly sweet. Did i mention the coconut milk, condensed milk, nutmeg, cinnamon and a little brown sugar? I don’t see how anything could go wrong.", "So can we talk about the huge elephant in the room? I know that the world is split into two parts. On one side- people who love savory cornmeal and the other is for people who love sweet cornmeal. I recently saw one of my friends post a Facebook survey to see which one was best. People take their cereal seriously . I am one of the rare ones that love both.", "I’m a big fan of any porridge: oats, cornmeal, banana, plantain, rice, millet. I think that cornmeal porridge perhaps holds a special place in my heart because of my childhood. It is what I grew up eating most mornings. Early in the morning before school, my grandmother would make a big pot of warm coconut cornmeal porridge that was sweetened with condensed milk and flavored with nutmeg and cinnamon. YASSSSSSSSS!", "So as we prepare for the possibility of Hurricane Matthew, I’m preparing a big pot of this. It is perfect for reheating and even better the next morning. So I am prepping for the possibility that we might get a direct hit from this storm.", "This is going to be the kids first hurricane. So I’m trying to keep everything as normal as possible. I got them a hurricane basket. It had flashlights, snacks, drinking water, blankets, I.C.E bracelets and mosquito repellent bands. Can you tell I’m a over-preparer?", "I had a bowl before heading out to get some shutters for our windows. The lines were long at the hardware store. I was glad I fueled up for my day, because nothing makes people act a little crazy more than a threat of a storm.", "My heart and prayers are with the people of Haiti, Jamaica, Cuba and the Bahamas. I have family in each of those countries. The need is great, I just hope that relief workers get their soon.", "I know porridge is a breakfast food. And I might be committing culinary blasphemy but I love porridge for dinner. I’m not a fancy food blogger anyway. Make a big ol’ pot- cause you know.... winter is coming. Sorry, not sorry. LOL!", "I’m Ann, and I’m so thrilled that you stopped by today. This is where I will share what is going on in my kitchen and around the home front Read More...", "This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Cookie settingsACCEPT", "This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience.", "Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information.", "Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website." ] }, "parsed_md": "Sweet Cornmeal Porridge - Cooking Maniac\n\nCooking Maniac\n\nJust Keep Cooking\n\nYou are here: Home\n\n/ Recipes\n\n/ Sweet Cornmeal Porridge\n\nBreakfast Recipes Sweets\n\n# Sweet Cornmeal Porridge\n\nYum\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nThis sweet cornmeal porridge is perfect for breakfast. It has creamy cornmeal,\ncrunchy almonds and is perfectly sweet. Did i mention the coconut milk,\ncondensed milk, nutmeg, cinnamon and a little brown sugar? I don’t see how\nanything could go wrong.\n\nSo can we talk about the huge elephant in the room? I know that the world is\nsplit into two parts. On one side- people who love savory cornmeal and the\nother is for people who love sweet cornmeal. I recently saw one of my friends\npost a Facebook survey to see which one was best. People take their cereal\nseriously . I am one of the rare ones that love both.\n\nI’m a big fan of any porridge: oats, cornmeal, banana, plantain, rice, millet.\nI think that cornmeal porridge perhaps holds a special place in my heart\nbecause of my childhood. It is what I grew up eating most mornings. Early in\nthe morning before school, my grandmother would make a big pot of warm coconut\ncornmeal porridge that was sweetened with condensed milk and flavored with\nnutmeg and cinnamon. YASSSSSSSSS!\n\nSo as we prepare for the possibility of Hurricane Matthew, I’m preparing a big\npot of this. It is perfect for reheating and even better the next morning. So\nI am prepping for the possibility that we might get a direct hit from this\nstorm.\n\nThis is going to be the kids first hurricane. So I’m trying to keep everything\nas normal as possible. I got them a hurricane basket. It had flashlights,\nsnacks, drinking water, blankets, I.C.E bracelets and mosquito repellent\nbands. Can you tell I’m a over-preparer?\n\nI had a bowl before heading out to get some shutters for our windows. The\nlines were long at the hardware store. I was glad I fueled up for my day,\nbecause nothing makes people act a little crazy more than a threat of a storm.\n\nMy heart and prayers are with the people of Haiti, Jamaica, Cuba and the\nBahamas. I have family in each of those countries. The need is great, I just\nhope that relief workers get their soon.\n\nI know porridge is a breakfast food. And I might be committing culinary\nblasphemy but I love porridge for dinner. I’m not a fancy food blogger anyway.\nMake a big ol’ pot- cause you know.... winter is coming. Sorry, not sorry.\nLOL!\n\nxoxo,\n\nAnn\n\nPrint\n\nIngredients\n\n * 1 tsp cinnamon sticks\n * 1/2 tsp nutmeg\n * 1 pinch salt (approx 1/8 tsp)\n * 1 cup fine cornmeal\n * 1 can coconut milk\n * 1 can sweetened condensed milk\n * 1 tsp vanilla\n * 3 cups water\n * sugar to taste\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. Pour water into a saucepan over Medium-High heat with cinnamon sticks. Bring to a gentle boil.\n\nStir in cornmeal and salt. Whisk until the cornmeal is smoothe.\n\nContinue stirring until mixture starts to thicken. Stir in vanilla, nutmeg,\ncoconut milk, sweetened-condensed milk and sugar.\n\nLower heat and stir until porridge is thick and creamy.\n\nRemove cinnamon sticks. Pour into bowls and top with toasted almonds.\n\nNote: If the porridge thickens while cooking too much just add some water or\nmilk.\n\nYum\n\nLeave a Comment\n\n#### Subscribe\n\nGet the latest delicious goodness straight to your inbox!\n\n« HoneyComb Peppermint Puppy Chow\n\nDo what you love- in 2017 »\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### Oh, hi there!\n\nI’m Ann, and I’m so thrilled that you stopped by today. This is where I will\nshare what is going on in my kitchen and around the home front Read More...\n\n#### Subscribe\n\nGet all the latest tasty goodness straight to your inbox!\n\n#### Must Reads\n\n## Let’s begin a new journey\n\n## Instant Pot Classic Beef Stew\n\n#### Most Popular Recipes\n\n## Let’s begin a new journey\n\nposted in Life and Times\n\n## Instant Pot Classic Beef Stew\n\nposted in Dinner, Instant Pot, Recipes, slow-cooker\n\n## Instant Pot White Bean Chicken Chili\n\nposted in Instant Pot, Recipes, slow-cooker, Soup, Weeknight dinners\n\n## LuckyCharms Milkshake\n\nposted in Drinks, Recipes, Sweets\n\n## Perfect Coconut Iced Coffee + Coffee Iced Cubes\n\nposted in Drinks, Recipes, Sweets\n\n#### You might also like\n\n## Grandma’s Flaky Buttermilk Biscuits\n\n## caramelized onion cheddar tart\n\n## Buttermilk Chicken Biscuit with Blackberry Habanero Sauce\n\n## Slow Cooker Oxtail and Butter Beans\n\n## Easy Bacon Cheese Waffle\n\nCopyright © 2021 · Cooking Maniac\n\nCopyright © 2021 · Divine Theme on Genesis Framework · WordPress · Log in\n\nThis website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok\nwith this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Cookie settingsACCEPT\n\nPrivacy & Cookies Policy\n\n#### Privacy Overview\n\nThis website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate\nthrough the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as\nnecessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of\nbasic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that\nhelp us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be\nstored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to\nopt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an\neffect on your browsing experience.\n\nNecessary\n\nAlways Enabled\n\nNecessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function\nproperly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic\nfunctionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not\nstore any personal information.\n\nNon-necessary\n\nAny cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function\nand is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads,\nother embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory\nto procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.\n\nSAVE & ACCEPT\n\n" } ]
1,297,801
How To Pay for a Money Order
A money order is like a pre-paid check you can buy from a bank, post office, or online. You can pay for a money order with cash or a debit card. If you’re buying your money order from the United States Post Office, you can also use traveler’s checks. Keep in mind that you can’t use personal checks, since these take too long to clear. Some money order issuers, like Western Union and 7-Eleven, will let you use a credit card, but these will be expensive, since your card issuer will charge you fees and interest rates. You can also use a PayPal account linked to your bank or credit card through some websites like Payko. However, this will only work for a single, 200-dollar money order per day and you’ll have to wait for it to come in the mail.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20211104192655/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/travelerscheck.asp", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171018224817/http://www.finweb.com:80/banking-credit/how-safe-is-a-wire-transfer.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160520001606/http://westernunion.com:80/us/how-to/how-to-send-money-by-phone.page", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180406093745/http://milestomemories.boardingarea.com/visa-gift-card-prepaid-mastercard/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211105150449/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cashierscheck.asp", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210806212004/https://www.wellsfargo.com/online-banking/service-fees", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170822032809/http://www.thesimpledollar.com:80/how-do-money-orders-work/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210823205654/https://www.usps.com/shop/money-orders.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170924173220/http://money.howstuffworks.com:80/personal-finance/online-banking/money-order-online1.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170628065705/http://www.dansdeals.com/archives/35174" ]
train
1,200
[ { "original_url": "https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/travelerscheck.asp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211104192655/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/travelerscheck.asp", "parsed_text": { "title": "Traveler’s Check Definition", "passages": [ "Julia Kagan has written about personal finance for more than 25 years and for Investopedia since 2014. The former editor of Consumer Reports, she is an expert in credit and debt, retirement planning, home ownership, employment issues, and insurance. She is a graduate of Bryn Mawr College (A.B., history) and has an MFA in creative nonfiction from Bennington College.", "Khadija Khartit is a strategy, investment, and funding expert, and an educator of fintech and strategic finance in top universities. She has been an investor, entrepreneur, and advisor for more than 25 years. She is a FINRA Series 7, 63, and 66 license holder.", "A traveler’s check (sometimes spelled \"cheque\") is a once-popular but now largely outmoded medium of exchange utilized as an alternative to hard currency and intended to aid tourists. The product is typically used by people on vacation in foreign countries. It offers a safe way to travel overseas without the risks associated with losing cash. The issuing party, usually a bank, provides security against lost or stolen checks.", "They are purchased for set amounts and can be used to buy goods or services or be exchanged for cash.", "A traveler’s check is for a prepaid fixed amount and operates like cash, so a purchaser can use it to buy goods or services when traveling. A customer can also exchange a traveler’s check for cash. Major financial service institutions issue traveler’s checks, and banks and credit unions sell them, though their ranks have significantly dwindled today.", "A traveler’s check is similar to a regular check because it has a unique check number or serial number. When a customer reports a check stolen or lost, the issuing company cancels that check and provides a new one.", "They come in several fixed denominations in a variety of currencies, making them a safeguard in countries with fluctuating exchange rates, and they do not have an expiration date. They are not linked to a customer’s bank account or line of credit and do not contain personally identifiable information, thus eliminating the risk of identity theft. They operate via a dual signature system. You sign them when you purchase them, and then you sign them again when you cash them, which is designed to prevent anyone other than the purchaser from using them.", "Many banks, hotels, and retailers used to accept them as cash, although some banks charged fees to cash them. However, with the rising worldwide use of credit cards and prepaid debit cards—such as the Visa TravelMoney card, which offers zero liability for its unauthorized use—it is getting much harder to find institutions that will cash traveler’s checks.", "On Jan. 1, 1772, the London Credit Exchange Company was the first business to issue traveler’s checks. In 1874 the Thomas Cook company issued circular notes that worked like traveler’s checks.", "James C. Fargo, the president of the American Express Company, was a wealthy, well-known American who was unable to get checks cashed during a trip to Europe in 1890. A company employee, Marcellus F. Berry, believed that the solution for taking money overseas required a check with the signature of the bearer and devised a product for it. On July 7, 1891, Berry received copyrights for the instrument he termed the “traveler’s cheque,” and to this day American Express and Visa still use the British spelling on their products.", "Companies that still issue traveler's checks today include American Express, Visa, and AAA. They often come with a 1% to 2% purchase fee. but AAA members can obtain checks without a fee at most AAA offices through a service known as Wells Fargo Foreign Currency (by and large, AAA now offers members pre-paid international Visa cards instead of paper checks). I", "n the U.S., they are available primarily from American Express (use this page to search for purchase locations). You can also purchase traveler's checks online from American Express' website, but you will need to be registered with an account. Visa offers traveler's checks at Citibank locations nationwide, as well as at several other banks.", "If you want to convert your traveler's checks into cash (instead of spending them directly), you can often deposit them normally at your bank. Many hotel or resort lobbies will also provide this service to guests at no charge. American Express also provides a service to redeem traveler's checks that they issue online to be deposited into your bank account. The redemption application online should take less than 15 minutes to complete.", "Traveler's checks are handy for tourists who do not want to risk losing their cash or having it stolen while abroad. Because they could be reported lost or stolen and the funds replaced, they provide peace of mind. This was particularly a concern before credit cards and ATM machines were widespread and affordable around the world for most travelers. At the same time, these paper checks are now a bit outdated and come with a fee to purchase, making them potentially more expensive and cumbersome than using plastic or electronic payments.", "The most obvious alternative is to use a credit or debit card issued by a bank that works worldwide and charges low or no foreign exchange fees on purchases or ATM withdrawals. If your bank doesn't allow for this, or charges high fees, then prepaid travel cards are the modern version of traveler’s checks. They allow you to get local currency from ATMs and make purchases with merchants—effectively eliminating the need for traveler’s checks.", "Prepaid cards are not linked to your bank account, which prevents anybody from draining your checking account if the card gets lost or stolen—and you can’t go into debt. Credit cards offer similar (or better) protection, but you might not want to use your everyday card abroad. By using a dedicated travel card, you avoid spreading your card numbers around, which means you can be less vigilant about monitoring your accounts when you get back home. Visa and MasterCard both offer prepaid cards designed for use abroad. Those cards are available online, through travel agents, and at banks or credit unions.", "Travel cards should feature low ATM fees, technology that lets you operate like a local in foreign countries, emergency cash when you lose the card, and “zero liability” fraud protection. That said, prepaid cards can be expensive, so you need to compare fees against your other cards to decide whether or not a travel card makes sense.", "For U.S. citizens living abroad for extended periods of time, maintaining checking and other bank accounts in the United States provides several advantages, and many checking accounts are friendly for foreign transactions.", "Investopedia requires writers to use primary sources to support their work. These include white papers, government data, original reporting, and interviews with industry experts. We also reference original research from other reputable publishers where appropriate. You can learn more about the standards we follow in producing accurate, unbiased content in our editorial policy.", "A foreign transaction fee is a 1%–3% charge for transactions made using a domestic payment card in a foreign country.", "A debit card lets consumers pay for purchases by deducting money from their checking account. Learn how debit cards work, their fees, and pros and cons.", "A check is a written, dated, and signed instrument that contains an unconditional order directing a bank to pay a definite sum of money to a payee." ] }, "parsed_md": "Traveler’s Check Definition\n\n * Education\n\n * General\n\n * Dictionary\n * Economics\n * Corporate Finance\n * Roth IRA\n * Stocks\n * Mutual Funds\n * ETFs\n * 401(k)\n * Investing/Trading\n\n * Investing Essentials\n * Fundamental Analysis\n * Portfolio Management\n * Trading Essentials\n * Technical Analysis\n * Risk Management\n\n * Markets\n\n * News\n\n * Company News\n * Markets News\n * Trading News\n * Political News\n * Trends\n * Popular Stocks\n\n * Apple (AAPL)\n * Tesla (TSLA)\n * Amazon (AMZN)\n * AMD (AMD)\n * Facebook (FB)\n * Netflix (NFLX)\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Your Money\n\n * Personal Finance\n\n * Wealth Management\n * Budgeting/Saving\n * Banking\n * Credit Cards\n * Home Ownership\n * Retirement Planning\n * Taxes\n * Insurance\n * Reviews & Ratings\n\n * Best Online Brokers\n * Best Savings Accounts\n * Best Home Warranties\n * Best Credit Cards\n * Best Personal Loans\n * Best Student Loans\n * Best Life Insurance\n * Best Auto Insurance\n\n * Advisors\n\n * Your Practice\n\n * Practice Management\n * Continuing Education\n * Financial Advisor Careers\n * Investopedia 100\n * Wealth Management\n\n * Portfolio Construction\n * Financial Planning\n\n * Academy\n\n * Popular Courses\n\n * Investing for Beginners\n * Become a Day Trader\n * Trading for Beginners\n * Technical Analysis\n * Courses by Topic\n\n * All Courses\n * Trading Courses\n * Investing Courses\n * Financial Professional Courses\n\nBanking\n\n * Bank Reviews\n * Personal Loan Guide\n * Prepaid Debit Cards\n * Guide to Checking Accounts\n * Checking Accounts\n * Savings Accounts\n * Certificate of Deposits (CDs)\n * Money Market Account\n\nPersonal Finance Banking\n\n# Traveler’s Check\n\nBy\n\nJulia Kagan\n\nFull Bio\n\nJulia Kagan has written about personal finance for more than 25 years and for\nInvestopedia since 2014. The former editor of Consumer Reports, she is an\nexpert in credit and debt, retirement planning, home ownership, employment\nissues, and insurance. She is a graduate of Bryn Mawr College (A.B., history)\nand has an MFA in creative nonfiction from Bennington College.\n\nLearn about our editorial policies\n\nUpdated April 09, 2021\n\nReviewed by\n\nKhadija Khartit\n\nArticle Reviewed\n\non June 21, 2020\n\nFull Bio\n\nKhadija Khartit is a strategy, investment, and funding expert, and an educator\nof fintech and strategic finance in top universities. She has been an\ninvestor, entrepreneur, and advisor for more than 25 years. She is a FINRA\nSeries 7, 63, and 66 license holder.\n\nLearn about our Financial Review Board\n\n## What Is a Traveler’s Check?\n\nA traveler’s check (sometimes spelled \"cheque\") is a once-popular but now\nlargely outmoded medium of exchange utilized as an alternative to hard\ncurrency and intended to aid tourists. The product is typically used by people\non vacation in foreign countries. It offers a safe way to travel overseas\nwithout the risks associated with losing cash. The issuing party, usually a\nbank, provides security against lost or stolen checks.\n\nBeginning in the late 1980s, traveler’s checks have increasingly been\nsupplanted by credit and prepaid debit cards.\n\n### Key Takeaways\n\n * Traveler’s checks are a form of payment issued by financial institutions such as American Express.\n * These paper cheques are generally used by people when traveling to foreign countries.\n * They are purchased for set amounts and can be used to buy goods or services or be exchanged for cash.\n * If your traveler's check is lost or stolen it can readily be replaced.\n * Once widely used, traveler’s checks have largely been supplanted today by prepaid debit cards and credit cards.\n\n## How Traveler’s Checks Work\n\nA traveler’s check is for a prepaid fixed amount and operates like cash, so a\npurchaser can use it to buy goods or services when traveling. A customer can\nalso exchange a traveler’s check for cash. Major financial service\ninstitutions issue traveler’s checks, and banks and credit unions sell them,\nthough their ranks have significantly dwindled today.\n\nA traveler’s check is similar to a regular check because it has a unique check\nnumber or serial number. When a customer reports a check stolen or lost, the\nissuing company cancels that check and provides a new one.\n\nThey come in several fixed denominations in a variety of currencies, making\nthem a safeguard in countries with fluctuating exchange rates, and they do not\nhave an expiration date. They are not linked to a customer’s bank account or\nline of credit and do not contain personally identifiable information, thus\neliminating the risk of identity theft. They operate via a dual signature\nsystem. You sign them when you purchase them, and then you sign them again\nwhen you cash them, which is designed to prevent anyone other than the\npurchaser from using them.\n\nMany banks, hotels, and retailers used to accept them as cash, although some\nbanks charged fees to cash them. However, with the rising worldwide use of\ncredit cards and prepaid debit cards—such as the Visa TravelMoney card, which\noffers zero liability for its unauthorized use—it is getting much harder to\nfind institutions that will cash traveler’s checks.\n\n## History of Traveler’s Checks\n\nOn Jan. 1, 1772, the London Credit Exchange Company was the first business to\nissue traveler’s checks. In 1874 the Thomas Cook company issued circular notes\nthat worked like traveler’s checks.\n\nJames C. Fargo, the president of the American Express Company, was a wealthy,\nwell-known American who was unable to get checks cashed during a trip to\nEurope in 1890. A company employee, Marcellus F. Berry, believed that the\nsolution for taking money overseas required a check with the signature of the\nbearer and devised a product for it. On July 7, 1891, Berry received\ncopyrights for the instrument he termed the “traveler’s cheque,” and to this\nday American Express and Visa still use the British spelling on their\nproducts.\n\n## Where to Get Traveler's Checks\n\nCompanies that still issue traveler's checks today include American Express,\nVisa, and AAA. They often come with a 1% to 2% purchase fee. but AAA members\ncan obtain checks without a fee at most AAA offices through a service known as\nWells Fargo Foreign Currency (by and large, AAA now offers members pre-paid\ninternational Visa cards instead of paper checks). I\n\nn the U.S., they are available primarily from American Express (use this page\nto search for purchase locations). You can also purchase traveler's checks\nonline from American Express' website, but you will need to be registered with\nan account. Visa offers traveler's checks at Citibank locations nationwide, as\nwell as at several other banks.\n\nAmerican Express, Visa, and AAA are among the companies that still issue\ntraveler’s checks.\n\n## Where to Cash Traveler's Checks\n\nIf you want to convert your traveler's checks into cash (instead of spending\nthem directly), you can often deposit them normally at your bank. Many hotel\nor resort lobbies will also provide this service to guests at no charge.\nAmerican Express also provides a service to redeem traveler's checks that they\nissue online to be deposited into your bank account. The redemption\napplication online should take less than 15 minutes to complete.\n\n## Advantages and Disadvantages of Traveler's Checks\n\nTraveler's checks are handy for tourists who do not want to risk losing their\ncash or having it stolen while abroad. Because they could be reported lost or\nstolen and the funds replaced, they provide peace of mind. This was\nparticularly a concern before credit cards and ATM machines were widespread\nand affordable around the world for most travelers. At the same time, these\npaper checks are now a bit outdated and come with a fee to purchase, making\nthem potentially more expensive and cumbersome than using plastic or\nelectronic payments.\n\nPros\n\n * Replaced if lost or stolen\n\n * Widely accepted around the world\n\n * Convenient to use\n\n * They don't expire\n\nCons\n\n * Outmoded\n\n * Must have the physical check to use it\n\n * Incurs a fee to purchase\n\n * Limited number of issuers today\n\n## Alternatives to Traveler's Checks\n\nThe most obvious alternative is to use a credit or debit card issued by a bank\nthat works worldwide and charges low or no foreign exchange fees on purchases\nor ATM withdrawals. If your bank doesn't allow for this, or charges high fees,\nthen prepaid travel cards are the modern version of traveler’s checks. They\nallow you to get local currency from ATMs and make purchases with\nmerchants—effectively eliminating the need for traveler’s checks.\n\nPrepaid cards are not linked to your bank account, which prevents anybody from\ndraining your checking account if the card gets lost or stolen—and you can’t\ngo into debt. Credit cards offer similar (or better) protection, but you might\nnot want to use your everyday card abroad. By using a dedicated travel card,\nyou avoid spreading your card numbers around, which means you can be less\nvigilant about monitoring your accounts when you get back home. Visa and\nMasterCard both offer prepaid cards designed for use abroad. Those cards are\navailable online, through travel agents, and at banks or credit unions.\n\nTravel cards should feature low ATM fees, technology that lets you operate\nlike a local in foreign countries, emergency cash when you lose the card, and\n“zero liability” fraud protection. That said, prepaid cards can be expensive,\nso you need to compare fees against your other cards to decide whether or not\na travel card makes sense.\n\nFor U.S. citizens living abroad for extended periods of time, maintaining\nchecking and other bank accounts in the United States provides several\nadvantages, and many checking accounts are friendly for foreign transactions.\n\n### Article Sources\n\nInvestopedia requires writers to use primary sources to support their work.\nThese include white papers, government data, original reporting, and\ninterviews with industry experts. We also reference original research from\nother reputable publishers where appropriate. You can learn more about the\nstandards we follow in producing accurate, unbiased content in our editorial\npolicy.\n\n 1. U.K. Competition Commission. \"Background & Evidence.\" Accessed April 9, 2021.\n\n 2. Time Magazine. \"Travel (April, 1956): The Host with the Most.\" Accessed April 9, 2021.\n\n 3. AAA Northeast. \"Travel Money.\" Accessed April 5, 2021.\n\n 4. American Express. \"American Express® Travelers Cheques.\" Accessed April 5, 2021.\n\n 5. USA Today. \"How to Obtain Traveler's Checks Online.\" Accessed April 5, 2021.\n\n 6. Visa. \"Traveler's Cheques.\" Accessed April 5, 2021.\n\n 7. American Express. \"Redeem Traveler's Cheques Online.\" Accessed April 5, 2021.\n\n### Related Terms\n\nForeign Transaction Fee\n\nA foreign transaction fee is a 1%–3% charge for transactions made using a\ndomestic payment card in a foreign country.\n\nmore\n\nHow Does a Checking Account Work?\n\nA checking account is a highly liquid deposit account held at a financial\ninstitution that allows deposits and withdrawals.\n\nmore\n\nThe Basics of Debit Cards\n\nA debit card lets consumers pay for purchases by deducting money from their\nchecking account. Learn how debit cards work, their fees, and pros and cons.\n\nmore\n\nAssociate Bank Definition\n\nAn associate bank is a bank that is affiliated, usually through membership, in\na regional or national organization.\n\nmore\n\nUnderstanding Checks\n\nA check is a written, dated, and signed instrument that contains an\nunconditional order directing a bank to pay a definite sum of money to a\npayee.\n\nmore\n\nAmerican Express Card\n\nAn American Express card is an electronic payment card branded by the American\nExpress Company.\n\nmore\n\nPartner Links\n\n### Related Articles\n\nCredit Cards\n\n### Is Cash or Credit Better for European Trips?\n\nBanking\n\n### What to Know (and Do) If You’re Listed in ChexSystems\n\nBudgeting\n\n### Best (And Worst) Ways to Change Money in Europe\n\nBudgeting & Savings\n\n### Best Places to Exchange Currency & Save on Fees\n\nCredit Cards\n\n### What Are Credit Card Points and Miles Worth?\n\nCredit Cards\n\n### What’s the Difference Between Credit Cards and Debit Cards?\n\n * About Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Dictionary\n * Editorial Policy\n * Advertise\n * News\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n * California Privacy Notice\n\n * #\n * A\n * B\n * C\n * D\n * E\n * F\n * G\n * H\n * I\n * J\n * K\n * L\n * M\n * N\n * O\n * P\n * Q\n * R\n * S\n * T\n * U\n * V\n * W\n * X\n * Y\n * Z\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.finweb.com:80/banking-credit/how-safe-is-a-wire-transfer.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171018224817/http://www.finweb.com:80/banking-credit/how-safe-is-a-wire-transfer.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Safe Is a Wire Transfer?", "passages": [ "A wire transfer has become one of the most popular options for sending or receiving money. Unlike when you deposit money in someone's account, there is no physical cash movement in this option. Merely the balances in both the accounts are modified. Since the identification of both the parties is confirmed prior to transfer, it is considered a safe method. The popularity of wire transfers can also be attributed to their speed and convenience. The prospect of enabling transfers in a matter of a few minutes from the comfort of your home or office is definitely more attractive than standing in a long queue awaiting your turn.", "Although the electronic transfer of money seems simple, there is a specific process in the background. Wire transfers are based on certain rules, and only by adhering to these rules and executing the steps carefully can a successful wire transfer be made. Here is the step-by-step process by which wire transfers take place:", "Then the identification of the receiver has to be furnished. Provide the International Bank Account Number (IBAN) of the customer along with the Bank Identifier Code (BIC). These two codes help in confirming the identity of the receiver.", "The transfer is not always instantaneous. Sometimes it takes from a couple of hour to a few days for the amount to show up in the receiver’s account.", "Usually, a small amount is charged to the sender as well as the receiver. A fee for the recipient will be deducted from the amount transferred. However, there are bank transfers with the service free for either one or both parties. These transfers without fees usually occur when the sender and receiver have their accounts with the same bank and in the same geographical location.", "As simple and convenient as this option might seem, it doesn’t come free of any disadvantages. One major disadvantage of this method is the fee charged by the mediating bank that acts as a link between the sending and receiving banks. As there are no specific rules, a bank might sometimes charge a fee without the authority of the sender or receiver.", "If you process the transfer online and the means of transfer is not secure, then there is a possibility of your personal information's being stolen and used against you.", "Hence, while making use of a wire transfer, to send or receive money, make sure it is a secure transaction, as one carried out through a bank's website will probably be. Usually, you will see a sign on the website that the transfer is accredited by some organization. Confirm the authenticity of the verifying organization and the website prior to making any transaction.", "The content on this site is provided for informational purposes only and is not legal or professional advice. Advertised rates on this site are provided by the third party advertiser and not by us. We do not guarantee that the loan terms or rates listed on this site are the best terms or lowest rates available in the market. All lending decisions are determined by the lender and we do not guarantee approval, rates or terms for any lender or loan program. Not all applicants will be approved and individual loan terms may vary. Users are encouraged to use their best judgment in evaluating any third party services or advertisers on this site before submitting any information to any third party." ] }, "parsed_md": "How Safe Is a Wire Transfer? - Financial Web\n\nAll of finweb.com\n\n * All of finweb.com\n * Banking & Credit\n * Finance Directory\n * Financial Planning\n * Insurance\n * Investing\n * Loans\n * Mortgage\n * Real Estate\n * Retirement\n * Taxes\n\n * Mortgage\n\n * Compare Mortgage Rates\n * Mortgage Calculators\n * Mortgage Basics\n * Home Equity Loans\n * Mortgage Loan Education\n * Mortgage Refinancing\n * VA Loans\n * FHA Loans\n * Loans\n\n * Cash Advance & Payday Loans\n * Hard Money Loans\n * Student Loans\n * Car Loans\n * Small Business Loans\n * Loan Basics\n * Banking & Credit\n\n * Credit Cards\n * Credit-Building & Management\n * Credit Report\n * Debt Settlement\n * Personal Banking\n * Debt Consolidation\n * Banking & Credit 101\n * Investing\n\n * FOREX Trading\n * Investing Basics\n * Mutual Funds\n * Metals Resources & Collectibles\n * Stocks\n * Bonds\n * ETF\n * Options\n * Retirement\n\n * Estate Planning\n * 401 k\n * IRAs\n * Retirement Planning\n * Living in Retirement\n * Insurance\n\n * Auto Insurance\n * Health Insurance\n * Life Insurance\n * Home Insurance\n * Business Insurance\n * Disability Insurance\n * Insurance Basics\n * Taxes\n\n * Filing Taxes\n * Tax Relief\n * Tax Planning\n * Small Business Taxes\n * General Taxes\n * Financial Planning\n\n * Planning Basics\n * Saving\n * Budgeting\n * Real Estate\n\n * Buying\n * Selling\n * Renting\n * Home Improvement\n * General Real Estate\n * Finance Directory\n\n * Banking & Credit\n * Mortgage & Real Estate\n * Finance\n * Investing\n * Insurance\n * Loans\n * Student\n * Taxes\n\nhome → Banking & Credit → Personal Banking → How Safe Is a Wire Transfer?\n\nSubscribe to news about Banking & Credit\n\n# How Safe Is a Wire Transfer?\n\nWatch Related Videos\n\ncomments\n\nA wire transfer has become one of the most popular options for sending or\nreceiving money. Unlike when you deposit money in someone's account, there is\nno physical cash movement in this option. Merely the balances in both the\naccounts are modified. Since the identification of both the parties is\nconfirmed prior to transfer, it is considered a safe method. The popularity of\nwire transfers can also be attributed to their speed and convenience. The\nprospect of enabling transfers in a matter of a few minutes from the comfort\nof your home or office is definitely more attractive than standing in a long\nqueue awaiting your turn.\n\nWire Transfer--the Process\n\nAlthough the electronic transfer of money seems simple, there is a specific\nprocess in the background. Wire transfers are based on certain rules, and only\nby adhering to these rules and executing the steps carefully can a successful\nwire transfer be made. Here is the step-by-step process by which wire\ntransfers take place:\n\n * You have to approach your bank and place an order to transfer a specific amount to a receiver.\n * Then the identification of the receiver has to be furnished. Provide the International Bank Account Number (IBAN) of the customer along with the Bank Identifier Code (BIC). These two codes help in confirming the identity of the receiver.\n * The bank that initiates the process then facilitates the transfer through safe electronic methods life Fedwire or Swift.\n * The transfer is not always instantaneous. Sometimes it takes from a couple of hour to a few days for the amount to show up in the receiver’s account.\n\nUsually, a small amount is charged to the sender as well as the receiver. A\nfee for the recipient will be deducted from the amount transferred. However,\nthere are bank transfers with the service free for either one or both parties.\nThese transfers without fees usually occur when the sender and receiver have\ntheir accounts with the same bank and in the same geographical location.\n\nHow Safe Is a Wire Transfer?\n\nAs simple and convenient as this option might seem, it doesn’t come free of\nany disadvantages. One major disadvantage of this method is the fee charged by\nthe mediating bank that acts as a link between the sending and receiving\nbanks. As there are no specific rules, a bank might sometimes charge a fee\nwithout the authority of the sender or receiver.\n\nIf you process the transfer online and the means of transfer is not secure,\nthen there is a possibility of your personal information's being stolen and\nused against you.\n\nHence, while making use of a wire transfer, to send or receive money, make\nsure it is a secure transaction, as one carried out through a bank's website\nwill probably be. Usually, you will see a sign on the website that the\ntransfer is accredited by some organization. Confirm the authenticity of the\nverifying organization and the website prior to making any transaction.\n\nRelated Articles\n\nHow a Bank Wire Transfer WorksHow to Make a Wire Transfer Online4 Red Flags of\nPotential Wire Transfer FraudWire Transfer Guide\n\nblog comments powered by Disqus\n\n##### MORE ARTICLES ABOUT Banking & Credit\n\n * What Do Online Banks Have to Offer?\n * How Do You Build Credit from Scratch?\n * Using Debt Settlement to Cut Credit Card Debt: Pros and Cons\n * Finding the Best Credit Card Debt Consolidation Loan\n * Consequences of Credit Card Default\n\nABOUT US\n\n|\n\nPRIVACY POLICY\n\n|\n\nCOOKIE POLICY\n\n|\n\nTERMS OF USE\n\n|\n\nFINANCIAL DISCLAIMER\n\n|\n\nCONTACT US\n\n|\n\nSITE MAP\n\n|\n\nFINANCE DIRECTORY\n\n|\n\nADVERTISE\n\nThe content on this site is provided for informational purposes only and is\nnot legal or professional advice. Advertised rates on this site are provided\nby the third party advertiser and not by us. We do not guarantee that the loan\nterms or rates listed on this site are the best terms or lowest rates\navailable in the market. All lending decisions are determined by the lender\nand we do not guarantee approval, rates or terms for any lender or loan\nprogram. Not all applicants will be approved and individual loan terms may\nvary. Users are encouraged to use their best judgment in evaluating any third\nparty services or advertisers on this site before submitting any information\nto any third party.\n\nFinweb.com is a Internet Brands company.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://westernunion.com:80/us/how-to/how-to-send-money-by-phone.page", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160520001606/http://westernunion.com:80/us/how-to/how-to-send-money-by-phone.page", "parsed_text": { "title": "how-to-send-money-by-phone", "passages": [ "java.lang.RuntimeException: Failed to execute rules and externals at java.lang.Throwable.(Throwable.java:80) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.component.Component.executeExternal(Component.java:373) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.buildComponentTransformData(RuntimeComponent.java:269) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.transform(RuntimeComponent.java:367) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.transform(RuntimeComponent.java:338) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.transformComponent(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:315) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.renderAndCache(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:124) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.preRender(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:102) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenContainer.preRender(PageTokenContainer.java:260) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimePage.transformAndOutput(RuntimePage.java:429) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimePage.transformAndOutput(RuntimePage.java:410) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.doOutputPage(RenderingManager.java:1249) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.renderPageGoal(RenderingManager.java:340) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.render(RenderingManager.java:209) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.filter.LiveSiteFilter.doFilter(LiveSiteFilter.java:129) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:236) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:167) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.FilterInstanceWrapper.doFilter(FilterInstanceWrapper.java:184) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain.doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:116) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain._doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:77) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.doFilter(WebAppFilterManager.java:908) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.invokeFilters(WebAppFilterManager.java:997) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.invokeFilters(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:1062) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.handleRequest(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:982) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebApp.handleRequest(WebApp.java:3935) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebGroup.handleRequest(WebGroup.java:276) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WebContainer.handleRequest(WebContainer.java:931) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WSWebContainer.handleRequest(WSWebContainer.java:1592) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.channel.WCChannelLink.ready(WCChannelLink.java:186) at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleDiscrimination(HttpInboundLink.java:452) at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleNewRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:511) at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.processRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:305) at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpICLReadCallback.complete(HttpICLReadCallback.java:83) at com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.AioReadCompletionListener.futureCompleted(AioReadCompletionListener.java:165) at com.ibm.io.async.AbstractAsyncFuture.invokeCallback(AbstractAsyncFuture.java:217) at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncChannelFuture.fireCompletionActions(AsyncChannelFuture.java:161) at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncFuture.completed(AsyncFuture.java:138) at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.complete(ResultHandler.java:204) at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.runEventProcessingLoop(ResultHandler.java:775) at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler$2.run(ResultHandler.java:905) at com.ibm.ws.util.ThreadPool$Worker.run(ThreadPool.java:1604) Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Execution exception in com.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall@58cd58cd[object=com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize,method=public org.dom4j.Document localize(com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.RequestContext,),scope=local,parameters={}] at com.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.execute(PojoMethodCall.java:460) at com.interwoven.livesite.external.ExternalCall.executePrefixes(ExternalCall.java:190) at com.interwoven.livesite.external.ExternalCall.execute(ExternalCall.java:135) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.component.Component.executeExternal(Component.java:426) ... 39 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not invoke method: localize, reason: Failed to get data /opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw- runtime.war/templatedata/UI/MegaMenu/data/pay-bils.dcr.xml at com.interwoven.livesite.common.util.ClassUtils.executeMethod(ClassUtils.java:113) at com.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.executeMethod(PojoMethodCall.java:401) at com.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.execute(PojoMethodCall.java:455) ... 42 more Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor39.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:611) at com.interwoven.livesite.common.util.ClassUtils.executeMethod(ClassUtils.java:105) ... 44 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Failed to get data /opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw- runtime.war/templatedata/UI/MegaMenu/data/pay-bils.dcr.xml at com.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:127) at com.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:100) at com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.util.FileSystemUtils.getFileXml(FileSystemUtils.java:254) at com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize.processDcrElement(Localize.java:119) at com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize.localize(Localize.java:87) ... 48 more Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw- runtime.war/templatedata/UI/MegaMenu/data/pay-bils.dcr.xml (No such file or directory) at java.io.FileInputStream.open(Native Method) at java.io.FileInputStream.(FileInputStream.java:123) at com.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:111) ... 52 more", "java.lang.RuntimeException: Failed to execute rules and externals at java.lang.Throwable.(Throwable.java:80) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.component.Component.executeExternal(Component.java:373) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.buildComponentTransformData(RuntimeComponent.java:269) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.transform(RuntimeComponent.java:367) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.transform(RuntimeComponent.java:338) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.transformComponent(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:315) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.renderAndCache(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:124) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.preRender(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:102) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenContainer.preRender(PageTokenContainer.java:260) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimePage.transformAndOutput(RuntimePage.java:429) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimePage.transformAndOutput(RuntimePage.java:410) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.doOutputPage(RenderingManager.java:1249) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.renderPageGoal(RenderingManager.java:340) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.render(RenderingManager.java:209) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.filter.LiveSiteFilter.doFilter(LiveSiteFilter.java:129) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:236) at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:167) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.FilterInstanceWrapper.doFilter(FilterInstanceWrapper.java:184) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain.doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:116) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain._doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:77) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.doFilter(WebAppFilterManager.java:908) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.invokeFilters(WebAppFilterManager.java:997) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.invokeFilters(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:1062) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.handleRequest(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:982) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebApp.handleRequest(WebApp.java:3935) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebGroup.handleRequest(WebGroup.java:276) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WebContainer.handleRequest(WebContainer.java:931) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WSWebContainer.handleRequest(WSWebContainer.java:1592) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.channel.WCChannelLink.ready(WCChannelLink.java:186) at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleDiscrimination(HttpInboundLink.java:452) at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleNewRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:511) at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.processRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:305) at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpICLReadCallback.complete(HttpICLReadCallback.java:83) at com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.AioReadCompletionListener.futureCompleted(AioReadCompletionListener.java:165) at com.ibm.io.async.AbstractAsyncFuture.invokeCallback(AbstractAsyncFuture.java:217) at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncChannelFuture.fireCompletionActions(AsyncChannelFuture.java:161) at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncFuture.completed(AsyncFuture.java:138) at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.complete(ResultHandler.java:204) at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.runEventProcessingLoop(ResultHandler.java:775) at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler$2.run(ResultHandler.java:905) at com.ibm.ws.util.ThreadPool$Worker.run(ThreadPool.java:1604) Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Execution exception in com.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall@4ba34ba3[object=com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize,method=public org.dom4j.Document localize(com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.RequestContext,),scope=local,parameters={}] at com.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.execute(PojoMethodCall.java:460) at com.interwoven.livesite.external.ExternalCall.executePrefixes(ExternalCall.java:190) at com.interwoven.livesite.external.ExternalCall.execute(ExternalCall.java:135) at com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.component.Component.executeExternal(Component.java:426) ... 39 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not invoke method: localize, reason: Failed to get data /opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw- runtime.war/templatedata/UI/Page Metadata/data/consumer/tags-how-to-send- money-by-phone.dcr.xml at com.interwoven.livesite.common.util.ClassUtils.executeMethod(ClassUtils.java:113) at com.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.executeMethod(PojoMethodCall.java:401) at com.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.execute(PojoMethodCall.java:455) ... 42 more Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor39.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:611) at com.interwoven.livesite.common.util.ClassUtils.executeMethod(ClassUtils.java:105) ... 44 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Failed to get data /opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw- runtime.war/templatedata/UI/Page Metadata/data/consumer/tags-how-to-send- money-by-phone.dcr.xml at com.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:127) at com.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:100) at com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.util.FileSystemUtils.getFileXml(FileSystemUtils.java:254) at com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize.processDcrElement(Localize.java:119) at com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize.localize(Localize.java:87) ... 48 more Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw- runtime.war/templatedata/UI/Page Metadata/data/consumer/tags-how-to-send- money-by-phone.dcr.xml (No such file or directory) at java.io.FileInputStream.open(Native Method) at java.io.FileInputStream.(FileInputStream.java:123) at com.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:111) ... 52 more", "Are you under time constraints to send money to a friend or family member? You can make it happen fast with Western Union by sending money over the phone. Western Union Agents are available 24/7.", "When you need to send money quickly, use our Money in Minutes^1 service. You can send to over 200 countries worldwide.", "2 Funds may be delayed or services unavailable based on certain transaction conditions, including amount sent, destination country, regulatory issues, identification requirements, differences in time zones or selection of delayed options. Additional restrictions may apply. See Terms and Conditions for details.", "Cookies on this website are currently set to 'Allow All Cookies'. If you continue without changing this setting you are consenting to the use of such cookies. If you wish, you can change your settings at any time at the bottom of any page on this website, or by clicking the 'change cookie settings' button below.", "Cookies are small text files that are placed on your computer by websites that you visit or certain emails you open. They are widely used in order to make websites operate, function more efficiently, or to provide business and marketing information.", "Cookies processed during your website visit and used for essential features like account sign in & management, transaction tracking, processing & completion, fraud prevention and website stability. Performance and feature enhancement cookies required for testing and deploying new products. Accepting these cookies is a condition of use of the website.", "Cookies used to provide services or to remember settings to improve your visit. For example; remembering the country and language you have selected when you visit Western Union's web pages and are not used for marketing purposes.", "Cookies linked to services provided by both Western Union and third parties, such as survey and marketing requests or 'Like' buttons and 'Share' buttons from 3rd parties. For example linking to social network sites like Facebook, who may subsequently use information about your visit.", "Cookies that collect information about your website use, for example; the pages you visit, if you experience any errors, and to assist Western Union with troubleshooting problems on the site. These cookies do not collect any personal information � all information is anonymous and is only used to help us improve your website experience, understand what your interests are and measure marketing effectiveness.", "Send money online\nSend money in person\nSend money by phone\nSend money to an inmate\nSend over $3000\nPay Bills" ] }, "parsed_md": "how-to-send-money-by-phone\n\njava.lang.RuntimeException: Failed to execute rules and externals at\njava.lang.Throwable.<init>(Throwable.java:80) at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.component.Component.executeExternal(Component.java:373)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.buildComponentTransformData(RuntimeComponent.java:269)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.transform(RuntimeComponent.java:367)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.transform(RuntimeComponent.java:338)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.transformComponent(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:315)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.renderAndCache(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:124)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.preRender(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:102)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenContainer.preRender(PageTokenContainer.java:260)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimePage.transformAndOutput(RuntimePage.java:429)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimePage.transformAndOutput(RuntimePage.java:410)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.doOutputPage(RenderingManager.java:1249)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.renderPageGoal(RenderingManager.java:340)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.render(RenderingManager.java:209)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.filter.LiveSiteFilter.doFilter(LiveSiteFilter.java:129)\nat\norg.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:236)\nat\norg.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:167)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.FilterInstanceWrapper.doFilter(FilterInstanceWrapper.java:184)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain.doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:116)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain._doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:77)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.doFilter(WebAppFilterManager.java:908)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.invokeFilters(WebAppFilterManager.java:997)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.invokeFilters(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:1062)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.handleRequest(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:982)\nat com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebApp.handleRequest(WebApp.java:3935) at\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebGroup.handleRequest(WebGroup.java:276) at\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WebContainer.handleRequest(WebContainer.java:931) at\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WSWebContainer.handleRequest(WSWebContainer.java:1592)\nat com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.channel.WCChannelLink.ready(WCChannelLink.java:186)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleDiscrimination(HttpInboundLink.java:452)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleNewRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:511)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.processRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:305)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpICLReadCallback.complete(HttpICLReadCallback.java:83)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.AioReadCompletionListener.futureCompleted(AioReadCompletionListener.java:165)\nat\ncom.ibm.io.async.AbstractAsyncFuture.invokeCallback(AbstractAsyncFuture.java:217)\nat\ncom.ibm.io.async.AsyncChannelFuture.fireCompletionActions(AsyncChannelFuture.java:161)\nat com.ibm.io.async.AsyncFuture.completed(AsyncFuture.java:138) at\ncom.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.complete(ResultHandler.java:204) at\ncom.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.runEventProcessingLoop(ResultHandler.java:775)\nat com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler$2.run(ResultHandler.java:905) at\ncom.ibm.ws.util.ThreadPool$Worker.run(ThreadPool.java:1604) Caused by:\njava.lang.RuntimeException: Execution exception in\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall@58cd58cd[object=com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize,method=public\norg.dom4j.Document\nlocalize(com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.RequestContext,),scope=local,parameters={}]\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.execute(PojoMethodCall.java:460)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.external.ExternalCall.executePrefixes(ExternalCall.java:190)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.external.ExternalCall.execute(ExternalCall.java:135)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.component.Component.executeExternal(Component.java:426)\n... 39 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not invoke method:\nlocalize, reason: Failed to get data\n/opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw-\nruntime.war/templatedata/UI/MegaMenu/data/pay-bils.dcr.xml at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.util.ClassUtils.executeMethod(ClassUtils.java:113)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.executeMethod(PojoMethodCall.java:401)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.execute(PojoMethodCall.java:455)\n... 42 more Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException at\nsun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor39.invoke(Unknown Source) at\nsun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37)\nat java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:611) at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.util.ClassUtils.executeMethod(ClassUtils.java:105)\n... 44 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Failed to get data\n/opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw-\nruntime.war/templatedata/UI/MegaMenu/data/pay-bils.dcr.xml at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:127)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:100)\nat\ncom.digithaus.iwov.livesite.util.FileSystemUtils.getFileXml(FileSystemUtils.java:254)\nat\ncom.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize.processDcrElement(Localize.java:119)\nat\ncom.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize.localize(Localize.java:87)\n... 48 more Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException:\n/opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw-\nruntime.war/templatedata/UI/MegaMenu/data/pay-bils.dcr.xml (No such file or\ndirectory) at java.io.FileInputStream.open(Native Method) at\njava.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:123) at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:111)\n... 52 more\n\njava.lang.RuntimeException: Failed to execute rules and externals at\njava.lang.Throwable.<init>(Throwable.java:80) at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.component.Component.executeExternal(Component.java:373)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.buildComponentTransformData(RuntimeComponent.java:269)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.transform(RuntimeComponent.java:367)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimeComponent.transform(RuntimeComponent.java:338)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.transformComponent(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:315)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.renderAndCache(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:124)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenVariableComponent.preRender(PageTokenVariableComponent.java:102)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.page.PageTokenContainer.preRender(PageTokenContainer.java:260)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimePage.transformAndOutput(RuntimePage.java:429)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.page.RuntimePage.transformAndOutput(RuntimePage.java:410)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.doOutputPage(RenderingManager.java:1249)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.renderPageGoal(RenderingManager.java:340)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.rendering.RenderingManager.render(RenderingManager.java:209)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.filter.LiveSiteFilter.doFilter(LiveSiteFilter.java:129)\nat\norg.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:236)\nat\norg.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:167)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.FilterInstanceWrapper.doFilter(FilterInstanceWrapper.java:184)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain.doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:116)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain._doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:77)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.doFilter(WebAppFilterManager.java:908)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.invokeFilters(WebAppFilterManager.java:997)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.invokeFilters(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:1062)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.handleRequest(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:982)\nat com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebApp.handleRequest(WebApp.java:3935) at\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebGroup.handleRequest(WebGroup.java:276) at\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WebContainer.handleRequest(WebContainer.java:931) at\ncom.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WSWebContainer.handleRequest(WSWebContainer.java:1592)\nat com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.channel.WCChannelLink.ready(WCChannelLink.java:186)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleDiscrimination(HttpInboundLink.java:452)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleNewRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:511)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.processRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:305)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpICLReadCallback.complete(HttpICLReadCallback.java:83)\nat\ncom.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.AioReadCompletionListener.futureCompleted(AioReadCompletionListener.java:165)\nat\ncom.ibm.io.async.AbstractAsyncFuture.invokeCallback(AbstractAsyncFuture.java:217)\nat\ncom.ibm.io.async.AsyncChannelFuture.fireCompletionActions(AsyncChannelFuture.java:161)\nat com.ibm.io.async.AsyncFuture.completed(AsyncFuture.java:138) at\ncom.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.complete(ResultHandler.java:204) at\ncom.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.runEventProcessingLoop(ResultHandler.java:775)\nat com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler$2.run(ResultHandler.java:905) at\ncom.ibm.ws.util.ThreadPool$Worker.run(ThreadPool.java:1604) Caused by:\njava.lang.RuntimeException: Execution exception in\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall@4ba34ba3[object=com.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize,method=public\norg.dom4j.Document\nlocalize(com.interwoven.livesite.runtime.RequestContext,),scope=local,parameters={}]\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.execute(PojoMethodCall.java:460)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.external.ExternalCall.executePrefixes(ExternalCall.java:190)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.external.ExternalCall.execute(ExternalCall.java:135)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.runtime.model.component.Component.executeExternal(Component.java:426)\n... 39 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not invoke method:\nlocalize, reason: Failed to get data\n/opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw-\nruntime.war/templatedata/UI/Page Metadata/data/consumer/tags-how-to-send-\nmoney-by-phone.dcr.xml at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.util.ClassUtils.executeMethod(ClassUtils.java:113)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.executeMethod(PojoMethodCall.java:401)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.pojo.PojoMethodCall.execute(PojoMethodCall.java:455)\n... 42 more Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException at\nsun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor39.invoke(Unknown Source) at\nsun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37)\nat java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:611) at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.common.util.ClassUtils.executeMethod(ClassUtils.java:105)\n... 44 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Failed to get data\n/opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw-\nruntime.war/templatedata/UI/Page Metadata/data/consumer/tags-how-to-send-\nmoney-by-phone.dcr.xml at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:127)\nat\ncom.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:100)\nat\ncom.digithaus.iwov.livesite.util.FileSystemUtils.getFileXml(FileSystemUtils.java:254)\nat\ncom.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize.processDcrElement(Localize.java:119)\nat\ncom.digithaus.iwov.livesite.external.impl.Localize.localize(Localize.java:87)\n... 48 more Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException:\n/opt/IBM/WebSphere7/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/installedApps/WUWPH9ASCDCMSA04Cell01/LiveSiteRunTime.ear/iw-\nruntime.war/templatedata/UI/Page Metadata/data/consumer/tags-how-to-send-\nmoney-by-phone.dcr.xml (No such file or directory) at\njava.io.FileInputStream.open(Native Method) at\njava.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:123) at\ncom.interwoven.livesite.file.impl.FileSystemDal.read(FileSystemDal.java:111)\n... 52 more\n\nAre you under time constraints to send money to a friend or family member? You\ncan make it happen fast with Western Union by sending money over the phone.\nWestern Union Agents are available 24/7.\n\n### Money in Minutes Service\n\nWhen you need to send money quickly, use our Money in Minutes^1 service. You\ncan send to over 200 countries worldwide.\n\n 1. Call 1-800-CALL-CASH® (1-800-225-5227).\n 2. Talk to an Agent about using our Money in Minutes^2 service.\n 3. Pay with a credit^3 or a U.S. bank-issued debit card.\n 4. Save your Tracking Number (MTCN).\n\n1 Read the restrictions and special notes for this service.\n\n2 Funds may be delayed or services unavailable based on certain transaction\nconditions, including amount sent, destination country, regulatory issues,\nidentification requirements, differences in time zones or selection of delayed\noptions. Additional restrictions may apply. See Terms and Conditions for\ndetails.\n\n3 Your credit card issuer may charge an additional cash advance fee for this\nservice.\n\n### To an inmate\n\nYou can send up to $300 to an inmate by phone.\n\n 1. Call 1-800-634-3422 (for Spanish 1-800-325-4045) from your home phone number (necessary for verification). You cannot use a pay phone.\n 2. Follow the prompts and provide the requested information to send to a correctional facility.\n 3. You will need the inmate's number.\n 4. Pay with a credit^1or a U.S. bank-issued debit card.\n 5. Save your Tracking Number (MTCN).\n\n1 Your credit card issuer may charge an additional cash advance fee for this\nservice.\n\nCookies on this website are currently set to 'Allow All Cookies'. If you\ncontinue without changing this setting you are consenting to the use of such\ncookies. If you wish, you can change your settings at any time at the bottom\nof any page on this website, or by clicking the 'change cookie settings'\nbutton below.\n\nChange Cookie Settings Leave as is\n\nFind out more about cookies\n\n## Manage your cookie settings\n\nCookies are small text files that are placed on your computer by websites that\nyou visit or certain emails you open. They are widely used in order to make\nwebsites operate, function more efficiently, or to provide business and\nmarketing information.\n\n * Cookies processed during your website visit and used for essential features like account sign in & management, transaction tracking, processing & completion, fraud prevention and website stability. Performance and feature enhancement cookies required for testing and deploying new products. Accepting these cookies is a condition of use of the website.\n * Cookies used to provide services or to remember settings to improve your visit. For example; remembering the country and language you have selected when you visit Western Union's web pages and are not used for marketing purposes.\n\n * Cookies linked to services provided by both Western Union and third parties, such as survey and marketing requests or 'Like' buttons and 'Share' buttons from 3rd parties. For example linking to social network sites like Facebook, who may subsequently use information about your visit.\n\n * Cookies that collect information about your website use, for example; the pages you visit, if you experience any errors, and to assist Western Union with troubleshooting problems on the site. These cookies do not collect any personal information � all information is anonymous and is only used to help us improve your website experience, understand what your interests are and measure marketing effectiveness.\n\nClose Find out more about cookies\n\nSend Money\n\n Send money online\n Send money in person\n Send money by phone\n Send money to an inmate\n Send over $3000\n\nPay Bills\n\n Pay bills online\n Pay bills in person\n Pay bills by phone\n Money orders\n\nLegal\n\n Terms & conditions\n Intellectual property\n Online privacy statement\n File a complaint\n\nQuick Links\n\n Log in / Register\n Find locations\n Track a transfer\n Estimate price\n Promotions\n My WU® Rewards\n Customer Care\n Feedback\n\nFollow us today:\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * YouTube\n * Blog\n\nConnect and join our conversation\n\nBy submitting your email address you are agreeing with the Western Union\nOnline Privacy Statement and Terms & Conditions.\n\nSend money worldwide with Western Union:\n\n * Send money within the US\n\n|\n\n * Send money to India\n\n|\n\n * Send money to the Philippines\n\n|\n\n * Send money to Mexico\n\n|\n\n * Send money to China\n\n|\n\n * Nigeria\n\n \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \n * Send money to Latin America\n\n|\n\n * Remit to India: ICICI and SBI\n\n|\n\n * Send to a bank in the Philippines\n\n|\n\n * Send money to Ghana\n\n|\n\n * Send money to Kenya\n\n|\n\n * Jamaica\n\n \n \n * Send money to the UK\n\n|\n\n * Money transfer to India\n\n|\n\n * Send money to Pakistan\n\n|\n\n * Send money to Thailand\n\n|\n\n * Send money to Brazil\n\n|\n\n * Vietnam\n\n \n \n * Send money to Tonga\n\n|\n\n * Send money to Honduras\n\n|\n\n * Send money to the Dominican Republic\n\n|\n\n * Send money to Guatemala\n\n|\n\n * Send money to El Salvador\n\n|\n\n * Fiji\n\n \n \n * Send money to Costa Rica\n\n|\n\n * See all of our countries\n\n \n \n© 2014 Western Union Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved\n\n * Home\n * About us\n * Contact us\n * Blog\n * Help\n * Consumer protection\n * Investor relations\n * Careers\n * Western Union Foundation\n * News\n * Become an agent\n * Payment solutions\n * Intellectual property\n * Online privacy statement\n * State licensing\n * File a complaint\n * Law enforcement subpoena information\n * Terms & conditions\n * Site map\n\n \n--- \n \nQuestions?\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://milestomemories.boardingarea.com/visa-gift-card-prepaid-mastercard/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180406093745/http://milestomemories.boardingarea.com/visa-gift-card-prepaid-mastercard/", "parsed_text": { "title": "10 Ways To Liquidate Prepaid Visa & Mastercard Gift Cards", "passages": [ "Save money, travel more. The Miles to Memories team earns millions of miles/points each year to take amazing trips across the globe. We leverage loyalty programs to turn rewards into memories that last a lifetime. Come learn our secrets!", "Miles to Memories & the author are not credit providers and do not provide personal, financial or professional advice or credit assistance. The information published on this site and on this page is of a general nature only and does not consider your personal objectives, financial situation or particular needs.All information published here is my own personal opinion and comes from personal experience.", "The information published on this site and on this page should not be relied upon as a substitute for personal financial or professional advice. Miles To Memories and the author strongly recommend that you seek independent advice before you do anything described on the site and/or page.", "This is an up to date resource describing some of the best ways to liquidate or spend down pin-enabled Visa or Mastercard gift cards which can be purchased at a variety of retailers including: office supply, drug and grocery stores.", "Even those these cards are pin-enabled (see packaging for instructions on setting the pin), they cannot be used at ATM machines for cash withdrawals or for cash back transactions. With that said, there are plenty of options for liquidating or spending down the cards.", "Many people purchase Visa or Mastercard gift cards at a variety of stores during promotions which offer increased rewards, instant discounts or mail-in rebates. Discounts can often wipe out the purchase fee for these cards and allow the purchaser to make a modest profit.", "Additionally, some credit cards pay up to 5x points/cash back at many of the stores which sell Visa or Mastercard gift cards. By combining discount promotions and bonus points earned by using certain credit cards, buying Visa or Mastercard gift cards can be lucrative.", "Perhaps the most obvious way to dispose of the cards is by using them to pay your bills. Companies like Plastiq allow you to pay certain bills including many mortgages with credit cards. Unfortunately Visa & Mastercard gift cards, despite being pin-enabled, are treated as credit cards with Plastiq meaning they incur a higher fee.", "Tip: Sign-up for Plastiq through our referral link and get $500 worth of payments fee-free after you make your first payment.", "Additionally, you could pay normal bills or do your local shopping with these cards. Visa & Mastercard gift cards are accepted for purchases anywhere that traditional Visa or Mastercards are accepted. Billers like utilities who normally accept credit cards for payments, will often accept them as well.", "You can load most Visa and Mastercard gift cards to your GoBank cards at Walmart. (Vanilla Visa gift cards will not work at Walmart in transactions of $50 or more.) If you aren’t familiar with GoBank, it is an alternative prepaid card/account that can be loaded the at Walmart registers in the same manner as Bluebird.", "In Walmart stores Visa and Mastercard gift cards can be loaded at any register although some stores require you to go to the MoneyCenter. Make sure to tell the cashier you are using a debit card if paying at the register. Mastercard gift cards often run as credit and thus can be problematic at Walmart. Here is a detailed work around that works at some stores, but not others.", "Merchant gift cards have become big business. We often cover deals for merchant gift cards on sale for up to 20% off. You can use prepaid Visa or Mastercard gift cards to purchase merchant gift cards at almost every major retailer and on eBay via PayPal.", "I generally don’t recommend stockpiling merchant gift cards, but if you find a gift card deal for a merchant that you frequent often, it can be a great solution. Many stores also offer fuel and other rewards for the purchase of merchant gift cards which can help to stack the savings. eBay is also your friend when it comes to gift card deals.", "Since the most profitable prepaid Visa or Mastercard gift cards to buy are usually in $100, $200 and $500 denominations, they tend to be too much to give as gifts. With that said, special occasions such as weddings and graduations often warrant larger gifts. Instead of writing a check, consider gifting one of these gift cards.", "Warning: While this is an option, it is generally not one I recommend for most people. There are a lot of things to consider before buying money orders. Proceed with caution.", "You can use prepaid Visa or Mastercard gift cards to purchase money orders at Walmart and various grocery stores. Which stores allow you to do this will vary by region. In theory the money orders purchased can then be deposited in your account and the money can be used to pay your bills.", "Certain banks have been known to shut down accounts for depositing too many money orders and not all grocery stores will allow you to purchase money orders with these gift cards. The best way to find out your options is to experiment and research. Like I said above, proceed with caution and be aware of the dangers of structuring.", "One of our main focuses on Miles to Memories is bringing you some of the best deals available. Taking advantage of these deals (and possibly making some money through reselling) can be a great way to liquidate prepaid Visa and Mastercard gift cards.", "Paypal allows you to use prepaid gift cards for purchases and most retailers will allow you to pay with them online or in-store. Have you ever seen a great deal on an iPad or something else that can be sold at a profit or even breakeven? Those types of deals are a great way to liquidate these cards if one of your preferred methods has been shut down.", "If your favorite prepaid Visa & Mastercard gift card liquidation method gets shut down or is no longer available, there may be a way to liquidate these cards in an emergency for a fee.", "Services like Paypal and others allow people to send money to each other for a fee which normally equates to about 3%. Technically these cards can be used in this manner, however the fees definitely add up.", "Also, companies like Square and a few other companies have payment readers which allow you to accept credit card payments. Technically you could pay yourself with those cards and pay the merchant fees, although it rarely works as smoothly as you think it will.", "If you use any of these emergency methods then be very careful. All of the companies I mentioned are known to shut down accounts for abuse meaning you aren’t going to be able to liquidate huge amounts of money at any given time. Additionally, if you pay yourself as a merchant, there may be tax implications. As always consult your financial or tax adviser before doing anything.", "There are many many more ways to liquidate prepaid Visa & Mastercard gift cards. Many opportunities are too tricky to mention here while others are regional. It always helps to make friends with other miles/points junkies who live in your area.", "If your preferred method of liquidating prepaid Visa & Mastercard gift cards has ended, the sky is not falling. You may incur some fees for liquidating, but the money is not lost. The old saying, “Where there is a will, there is a way” applies to this practice. If you think hard enough and do some research, the possibilities are almost limitless.", "This is an updated resource listing methods that I feel are viable. It is updated as new methods emerge and others go away. If you feel any viable methods have been left out then please let us know.", "Disclaimer - Miles to Memories & the author are not credit providers and do not provide personal financial or professional advice or credit assistance. The information published on this site/page is of a general nature only and does not consider your personal objectives, financial situation or particular needs.", "All information published here is personal opinion and comes from personal experience. The information published on this site/page should not be relied upon as a substitute for personal financial or professional advice. ESR Media, LLC, Miles to Memories and the author strongly recommend that you seek independent advice before you apply for any product or service, which is described on the site/page.", "Editorial Note - Opinions expressed here are the author's alone, not those of any partner bank, credit card issuer, hotel, airline, or other partner. This content has not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by any of the entities included within the post." ] }, "parsed_md": "10 Ways To Liquidate Prepaid Visa & Mastercard Gift Cards\n\n * Credit Cards\n\n * Card Types\n\n * Travel Rewards Cards\n * Small Business Cards\n * Hotel Cards\n * Airline Cards\n * Cash Back Cards\n * Credit Card Reconsideration\n * CardMatch\n * Recommended Tools\n * Resources\n\n * The Miles to Memories Team\n * Contact Us\n * Terms Of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Advertiser Disclosure\n\nMiles to Memories\n\nSave money, travel more. The Miles to Memories team earns millions of\nmiles/points each year to take amazing trips across the globe. We leverage\nloyalty programs to turn rewards into memories that last a lifetime. Come\nlearn our secrets!\n\n * Credit Cards\n\n * Card Types\n\n * Travel Rewards Cards\n * Small Business Cards\n * Hotel Cards\n * Airline Cards\n * Cash Back Cards\n * Credit Card Reconsideration\n * CardMatch\n * Recommended Tools\n * Resources\n\nHow To Liquidate Prepaid Visa & Mastercard Gift Cards\n\n# How To Liquidate Prepaid Visa & Mastercard Gift Cards\n\nDISCLAIMER\n\nMiles to Memories & the author are not credit providers and do not provide\npersonal, financial or professional advice or credit assistance. The\ninformation published on this site and on this page is of a general nature\nonly and does not consider your personal objectives, financial situation or\nparticular needs.All information published here is my own personal opinion and\ncomes from personal experience.\n\nThe information published on this site and on this page should not be relied\nupon as a substitute for personal financial or professional advice. Miles To\nMemories and the author strongly recommend that you seek independent advice\nbefore you do anything described on the site and/or page.\n\nBoth the Visa & Mastercard variable loads cards are purple. The fixed $100\ncards come in a red package.\n\n### Resource – How to Liquidate Visa/MC Gift Cards\n\nLast Updated: 2/8/2018\n\nThis is an up to date resource describing some of the best ways to liquidate\nor spend down pin-enabled Visa or Mastercard gift cards which can be purchased\nat a variety of retailers including: office supply, drug and grocery stores.\n\nEven those these cards are pin-enabled (see packaging for instructions on\nsetting the pin), they cannot be used at ATM machines for cash withdrawals or\nfor cash back transactions. With that said, there are plenty of options for\nliquidating or spending down the cards.\n\nWhy Purchase Visa or Mastercard Gift Cards\n\nMany people purchase Visa or Mastercard gift cards at a variety of stores\nduring promotions which offer increased rewards, instant discounts or mail-in\nrebates. Discounts can often wipe out the purchase fee for these cards and\nallow the purchaser to make a modest profit.\n\nAdditionally, some credit cards pay up to 5x points/cash back at many of the\nstores which sell Visa or Mastercard gift cards. By combining discount\npromotions and bonus points earned by using certain credit cards, buying Visa\nor Mastercard gift cards can be lucrative.\n\n## Ways To Liquidate The Cards\n\n### Pay Your Bills\n\nPay Your Mortgage/Car Payment, Etc.\n\nPerhaps the most obvious way to dispose of the cards is by using them to pay\nyour bills. Companies like Plastiq allow you to pay certain bills including\nmany mortgages with credit cards. Unfortunately Visa & Mastercard gift cards,\ndespite being pin-enabled, are treated as credit cards with Plastiq meaning\nthey incur a higher fee.\n\nTip: Sign-up for Plastiq through our referral link and get $500 worth of\npayments fee-free after you make your first payment.\n\nPay Everyday Bills\n\nAdditionally, you could pay normal bills or do your local shopping with these\ncards. Visa & Mastercard gift cards are accepted for purchases anywhere that\ntraditional Visa or Mastercards are accepted. Billers like utilities who\nnormally accept credit cards for payments, will often accept them as well.\n\n### GoBank\n\nYou can load most Visa and Mastercard gift cards to your GoBank cards at\nWalmart. (Vanilla Visa gift cards will not work at Walmart in transactions of\n$50 or more.) If you aren’t familiar with GoBank, it is an alternative prepaid\ncard/account that can be loaded the at Walmart registers in the same manner as\nBluebird.\n\n##### Loading at Walmart\n\nIn Walmart stores Visa and Mastercard gift cards can be loaded at any register\nalthough some stores require you to go to the MoneyCenter. Make sure to tell\nthe cashier you are using a debit card if paying at the register. Mastercard\ngift cards often run as credit and thus can be problematic at Walmart. Here is\na detailed work around that works at some stores, but not others.\n\n### Buy Merchant Gift Cards\n\nMerchant gift cards have become big business. We often cover deals for\nmerchant gift cards on sale for up to 20% off. You can use prepaid Visa or\nMastercard gift cards to purchase merchant gift cards at almost every major\nretailer and on eBay via PayPal.\n\nI generally don’t recommend stockpiling merchant gift cards, but if you find a\ngift card deal for a merchant that you frequent often, it can be a great\nsolution. Many stores also offer fuel and other rewards for the purchase of\nmerchant gift cards which can help to stack the savings. eBay is also your\nfriend when it comes to gift card deals.\n\n### Give Gifts\n\nSince the most profitable prepaid Visa or Mastercard gift cards to buy are\nusually in $100, $200 and $500 denominations, they tend to be too much to give\nas gifts. With that said, special occasions such as weddings and graduations\noften warrant larger gifts. Instead of writing a check, consider gifting one\nof these gift cards.\n\n### Money Orders\n\nPhoto by Patrick O’Brien.\n\nWarning: While this is an option, it is generally not one I recommend for most\npeople. There are a lot of things to consider before buying money orders.\nProceed with caution.\n\nYou can use prepaid Visa or Mastercard gift cards to purchase money orders at\nWalmart and various grocery stores. Which stores allow you to do this will\nvary by region. In theory the money orders purchased can then be deposited in\nyour account and the money can be used to pay your bills.\n\nCertain banks have been known to shut down accounts for depositing too many\nmoney orders and not all grocery stores will allow you to purchase money\norders with these gift cards. The best way to find out your options is to\nexperiment and research. Like I said above, proceed with caution and be aware\nof the dangers of structuring.\n\n### Reselling\n\nOne of our main focuses on Miles to Memories is bringing you some of the best\ndeals available. Taking advantage of these deals (and possibly making some\nmoney through reselling) can be a great way to liquidate prepaid Visa and\nMastercard gift cards.\n\nPaypal allows you to use prepaid gift cards for purchases and most retailers\nwill allow you to pay with them online or in-store. Have you ever seen a great\ndeal on an iPad or something else that can be sold at a profit or even\nbreakeven? Those types of deals are a great way to liquidate these cards if\none of your preferred methods has been shut down.\n\n### Emergency Disposal Options\n\nIf your favorite prepaid Visa & Mastercard gift card liquidation method gets\nshut down or is no longer available, there may be a way to liquidate these\ncards in an emergency for a fee.\n\n##### Paypal Allows Prepaid Gift Cards for Payment\n\nServices like Paypal and others allow people to send money to each other for a\nfee which normally equates to about 3%. Technically these cards can be used in\nthis manner, however the fees definitely add up.\n\n##### Mobile Payment Solutions\n\nAlso, companies like Square and a few other companies have payment readers\nwhich allow you to accept credit card payments. Technically you could pay\nyourself with those cards and pay the merchant fees, although it rarely works\nas smoothly as you think it will.\n\n##### Use Caution\n\nIf you use any of these emergency methods then be very careful. All of the\ncompanies I mentioned are known to shut down accounts for abuse meaning you\naren’t going to be able to liquidate huge amounts of money at any given time.\nAdditionally, if you pay yourself as a merchant, there may be tax\nimplications. As always consult your financial or tax adviser before doing\nanything.\n\n### Think Outside of the Box\n\nThere are many many more ways to liquidate prepaid Visa & Mastercard gift\ncards. Many opportunities are too tricky to mention here while others are\nregional. It always helps to make friends with other miles/points junkies who\nlive in your area.\n\nIf your preferred method of liquidating prepaid Visa & Mastercard gift cards\nhas ended, the sky is not falling. You may incur some fees for liquidating,\nbut the money is not lost. The old saying, “Where there is a will, there is a\nway” applies to this practice. If you think hard enough and do some research,\nthe possibilities are almost limitless.\n\n### Conclusion\n\nThis is an updated resource listing methods that I feel are viable. It is\nupdated as new methods emerge and others go away. If you feel any viable\nmethods have been left out then please let us know.\n\n3,113FansLike\n\n769FollowersFollow\n\n8,226FollowersFollow\n\nHot Card Alert!\n\n#### Brand New HOT Card!\n\n * *Up to 100K point bonus!\n * *Does Not Count Towards 5/24\n * *Complimentary Gold Status\n * *Earn Free Weekend Night with Spend\n\n#### Want more info? Click here!\n\n#### Latest Articles\n\n### New FoundersCard Benefit: Las Vegas Cosmopolitan (Marriott’s Autograph\nCollection)\n\nApr 5, 2018\n\n### Chase Adds Restrictions to Personal Southwest Cards\n\nApr 5, 2018\n\n### Final Day to Get the Old IHG Credit Card – Should...\n\nApr 5, 2018\n\n### Hurry! Get a Free Mini Pizza Delivered Today Only\n\nApr 5, 2018\n\nMaximize With a Portal!\n\n#### Follow us on Instagram @milestomemories\n\nRecent Posts\n\n * New FoundersCard Benefit: Las Vegas Cosmopolitan (Marriott’s Autograph Collection)\n * Chase Adds Restrictions to Personal Southwest Cards\n * Final Day to Get the Old IHG Credit Card – Should You?\n * Hurry! Get a Free Mini Pizza Delivered Today Only\n * Earn up to $200 with your First Discover Online Savings Account\n\nRecent Comments\n\n * Bethany on New FoundersCard Benefit: Las Vegas Cosmopolitan (Marriott’s Autograph Collection)\n * Jenny on Chase Adds Restrictions to Personal Southwest Cards\n * Christian on New FoundersCard Benefit: Las Vegas Cosmopolitan (Marriott’s Autograph Collection)\n * Bethany Walsh on New FoundersCard Benefit: Las Vegas Cosmopolitan (Marriott’s Autograph Collection)\n * Mon on New FoundersCard Benefit: Las Vegas Cosmopolitan (Marriott’s Autograph Collection)\n\nDisclaimer - Miles to Memories & the author are not credit providers and do\nnot provide personal financial or professional advice or credit assistance.\nThe information published on this site/page is of a general nature only and\ndoes not consider your personal objectives, financial situation or particular\nneeds.\n\nAll information published here is personal opinion and comes from personal\nexperience. The information published on this site/page should not be relied\nupon as a substitute for personal financial or professional advice. ESR Media,\nLLC, Miles to Memories and the author strongly recommend that you seek\nindependent advice before you apply for any product or service, which is\ndescribed on the site/page.\n\nEditorial Note - Opinions expressed here are the author's alone, not those of\nany partner bank, credit card issuer, hotel, airline, or other partner. This\ncontent has not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by any of the\nentities included within the post.\n\nCopyright © 2017 ESR Media, LLC - All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cashierscheck.asp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211105150449/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cashierscheck.asp", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cashier's Check Definition", "passages": [ "Julia Kagan has written about personal finance for more than 25 years and for Investopedia since 2014. The former editor of Consumer Reports, she is an expert in credit and debt, retirement planning, home ownership, employment issues, and insurance. She is a graduate of Bryn Mawr College (A.B., history) and has an MFA in creative nonfiction from Bennington College.", "Julius Mansa is a CFO consultant, finance and accounting professor, investor, and U.S. Department of State Fulbright research awardee in the field of financial technology. He educates business students on topics in accounting and corporate finance. Outside of academia, Julius is a CFO consultant and financial business partner for companies that need strategic and senior-level advisory services that help grow their companies and become more profitable.", "A cashier’s check is a secure way to make large payments. The check itself is written by a financial institution such as a bank or credit union against its own funds. When you request a cashier's check from your bank, money is moved out of your account and into the bank's account, and then a bank representative (usually a teller) signs it over to a named third party. (The check will include the names of both the recipient and remitter.) A customer who purchases a cashier’s check pays for the full face value of the check and generally also pays a small premium for the service.", "In some scenarios, the benefits and protections that a cashier's check offer make it a better choice than a personal check.", "Due to watermarks and required bank signatures, a cashier’s check is hard to counterfeit. However, there are certain cashier's check scams to look out for.", "An individual can use a cashier’s check instead of a personal check to guarantee that funds are available for payment. A cashier’s check is secure because the individual must first deposit the amount of the check into the issuing institution’s own account. The person or entity to whom the check is made out is guaranteed to receive the money when cashing the check.", "A cashier’s check is typically associated with a large payment that warrants extra protection. For example, you might use a cashier’s check to:", "Cashier’s checks provide a number of advantages. The payee—the person receiving the funds—knows that the check won’t bounce, as it’s being drawn from the bank’s account. Because cashier’s checks usually have watermarks and require signatures from one or more bank employees, the bank has a reassurance that the check won’t be counterfeited. You don’t have to worry about sharing your personal checking account information with the payee, as the check isn’t drawn from your account. Finally, the funds are usually available by the next business day. With a large personal check, the bank might place a hold of several days to allow the check time to clear.", "Always get a paper or digital receipt for a cashier’s check. Your receipt verifies proof of payment, and it’s something you’ll want to have if a cashier’s check is lost or stolen. If it is, you can ask the bank to reissue the check. However, the bank may ask for an indemnity bond first, which makes you liable for the check’s replacement. And it’s not an instant process. Depending on the bank, you may have to wait 30 to 90 days to receive a replacement cashier’s check.", "Some banks will only issue a cashier's check to someone who has an account with that institution. If you can't get a cashier's check, or if a payee won’t accept one, there are other options for making large payments that offer varying levels of safety.", "The bank does not guarantee traditional checks. If there are not sufficient funds in the remitter’s account to cover the draft, the bank can return the check. As a result, the payee receives no funds from the bad check. Cashier’s checks remove this element of risk.", "A money order isn’t a check, but it is a secure form of payment. You purchase the money order for a specific dollar amount and write it out to the payee. They take it to the bank and either deposits it or cashes the check.", "Compared to a cashier’s check, a money order may be less expensive. The United States Postal Service, for example, offers them for less than $2. They’re also more convenient to get, as you’re not limited to finding them at banks and credit unions. You can purchase money orders at the post office, supermarkets, and some gas stations. And you don’t need a bank account to get a money order; you just need to have the cash to cover the money order and the fee.", "Certified checks are like cashier’s checks, but they’re drawn directly against your account. It’s essentially still a personal check, but it’s signed by both you and the bank. The bank guarantees a certified check and may put a hold on some of the funds in the account holder’s account, but it doesn’t move the funds from that account to its own reserves. However, if there are insufficient funds in your account to cover the certified check, you’ll have to pay any associated fees the bank charges.", "One difference between a certified check and a cashier's check is that the former may be a less secure form of payment. These checks may not have the same watermarks, making them easier to duplicate. In general, though, a certified check is still a more secure way to pay than a money order or a personal check.", "With a wire transfer, money is sent electronically directly from your account to someone else’s, with no check needed. It’s a low-stress way to send money, but there are some downsides.", "For one thing, wire transfers can be more expensive than cashier’s checks, certified checks, or money orders. Depending on the bank and where the money is going, you may pay between $10 to $45 to execute a wire transfer. Institutions may also charge a fee to receive a wire transfer.", "The other drawback is that wire transfers aren’t always instant. It can take several days for an international wire transfer to be completed, which may not be convenient for your payee if the money is needed quickly.", "Social payment apps may be useful for sending money to friends and family. With these apps, you can send money to someone’s email address or phone number by using your bank account, debit card, credit card, or a balance you have in the app. Transfers can be instant and—depending on where the money for the transfer comes from—you may pay zero fees.", "Some apps limit how much you can send in a single transaction and per day. If you have a large amount to send, you may be better off looking at a cashier’s check or one of the other options mentioned above.", "Although cashier’s checks are a low-risk way to transfer money, thieves have developed a number of scams centered on them. In one, a buyer contacts someone who is selling something and offers to buy it with a cashier’s check written for a higher amount than the sale price. They ask the seller to wire the difference to another party. After the seller wires the money, they try to deposit the cashier's check and learns that it is fraudulent.", "In another popular scam, the victim receives a letter stating they are selected to work as a mystery shopper. The letter contains a cashier’s check, and it instructs the victim to use part of the check to buy merchandise during the mystery shopping excursions, wire part of the check to a third party, and keep the remainder as pay. To be successful, the scam relies on the victim wiring the funds before discovering the cashier’s check is a fake.", "Investopedia requires writers to use primary sources to support their work. These include white papers, government data, original reporting, and interviews with industry experts. We also reference original research from other reputable publishers where appropriate. You can learn more about the standards we follow in producing accurate, unbiased content in our editorial policy.", "A check is a written, dated, and signed instrument that contains an unconditional order directing a bank to pay a definite sum of money to a payee.", "Same-day funds is a term for money that can be transferred or withdrawn the same day that it is deposited into the recipient's bank account.", "A wire transfer is an electronic transfer of funds across a network administered by hundreds of banks around the world.", "Payment is the transfer of one form of goods, services, or financial assets in exchange for another form of goods, services, or financial assets.", "Bankable funds are methods of payment accepted by banks. Examples of bankable funds include cash, money orders, and cashier's checks.", "Pay to order refers to negotiable checks or drafts paid via an endorsement that identifies a person or organization the payer authorizes to receive money." ] }, "parsed_md": "Cashier's Check Definition\n\n * Education\n\n * General\n\n * Dictionary\n * Economics\n * Corporate Finance\n * Roth IRA\n * Stocks\n * Mutual Funds\n * ETFs\n * 401(k)\n * Investing/Trading\n\n * Investing Essentials\n * Fundamental Analysis\n * Portfolio Management\n * Trading Essentials\n * Technical Analysis\n * Risk Management\n\n * Markets\n\n * News\n\n * Company News\n * Markets News\n * Trading News\n * Political News\n * Trends\n * Popular Stocks\n\n * Apple (AAPL)\n * Tesla (TSLA)\n * Amazon (AMZN)\n * AMD (AMD)\n * Facebook (FB)\n * Netflix (NFLX)\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Your Money\n\n * Personal Finance\n\n * Wealth Management\n * Budgeting/Saving\n * Banking\n * Credit Cards\n * Home Ownership\n * Retirement Planning\n * Taxes\n * Insurance\n * Reviews & Ratings\n\n * Best Online Brokers\n * Best Savings Accounts\n * Best Home Warranties\n * Best Credit Cards\n * Best Personal Loans\n * Best Student Loans\n * Best Life Insurance\n * Best Auto Insurance\n\n * Advisors\n\n * Your Practice\n\n * Practice Management\n * Continuing Education\n * Financial Advisor Careers\n * Investopedia 100\n * Wealth Management\n\n * Portfolio Construction\n * Financial Planning\n\n * Academy\n\n * Popular Courses\n\n * Investing for Beginners\n * Become a Day Trader\n * Trading for Beginners\n * Technical Analysis\n * Courses by Topic\n\n * All Courses\n * Trading Courses\n * Investing Courses\n * Financial Professional Courses\n\nBanking Checking Accounts\n\n# Cashier’s Check\n\nBy\n\nJulia Kagan\n\nFull Bio\n\nJulia Kagan has written about personal finance for more than 25 years and for\nInvestopedia since 2014. The former editor of Consumer Reports, she is an\nexpert in credit and debt, retirement planning, home ownership, employment\nissues, and insurance. She is a graduate of Bryn Mawr College (A.B., history)\nand has an MFA in creative nonfiction from Bennington College.\n\nLearn about our editorial policies\n\nReviewed by\n\nJulius Mansa\n\nArticle Reviewed\n\non October 31, 2020\n\nFull Bio\n\nJulius Mansa is a CFO consultant, finance and accounting professor, investor,\nand U.S. Department of State Fulbright research awardee in the field of\nfinancial technology. He educates business students on topics in accounting\nand corporate finance. Outside of academia, Julius is a CFO consultant and\nfinancial business partner for companies that need strategic and senior-level\nadvisory services that help grow their companies and become more profitable.\n\nLearn about our Financial Review Board\n\non October 31, 2020\n\nBanking\n\n * Bank Reviews\n * Personal Loan Guide\n * Prepaid Debit Cards\n * Guide to Checking Accounts\n * Checking Accounts\n * Savings Accounts\n * Certificate of Deposits (CDs)\n * Money Market Account\n\n## What Is a Cashier’s Check?\n\nA cashier’s check is a secure way to make large payments. The check itself is\nwritten by a financial institution such as a bank or credit union against its\nown funds. When you request a cashier's check from your bank, money is moved\nout of your account and into the bank's account, and then a bank\nrepresentative (usually a teller) signs it over to a named third party. (The\ncheck will include the names of both the recipient and remitter.) A customer\nwho purchases a cashier’s check pays for the full face value of the check and\ngenerally also pays a small premium for the service.\n\nIn some scenarios, the benefits and protections that a cashier's check offer\nmake it a better choice than a personal check.\n\n### Key Takeaways\n\n * A cashier’s check cannot bounce.\n * Due to watermarks and required bank signatures, a cashier’s check is hard to counterfeit. However, there are certain cashier's check scams to look out for.\n * With a cashier’s check, the funds are usually available to the payee by the next business day.\n\n1:11\n\n#### Cashier’s Check\n\n## How Cashier’s Checks Work\n\nAn individual can use a cashier’s check instead of a personal check to\nguarantee that funds are available for payment. A cashier’s check is secure\nbecause the individual must first deposit the amount of the check into the\nissuing institution’s own account. The person or entity to whom the check is\nmade out is guaranteed to receive the money when cashing the check.\n\nA cashier’s check is typically associated with a large payment that warrants\nextra protection. For example, you might use a cashier’s check to:\n\n * Make a down payment on a home\n * Pay closing costs for a mortgage\n * Buy a car or boat\n * Purchase a piece of land\n\nIn other words, they’re not generally used for everyday spending.\n\nAlways get a receipt for a cashier's check to protect yourself in case it is\nlost or stolen.\n\nCashier’s checks provide a number of advantages. The payee—the person\nreceiving the funds—knows that the check won’t bounce, as it’s being drawn\nfrom the bank’s account. Because cashier’s checks usually have watermarks and\nrequire signatures from one or more bank employees, the bank has a reassurance\nthat the check won’t be counterfeited. You don’t have to worry about sharing\nyour personal checking account information with the payee, as the check isn’t\ndrawn from your account. Finally, the funds are usually available by the next\nbusiness day. With a large personal check, the bank might place a hold of\nseveral days to allow the check time to clear.\n\nAlways get a paper or digital receipt for a cashier’s check. Your receipt\nverifies proof of payment, and it’s something you’ll want to have if a\ncashier’s check is lost or stolen. If it is, you can ask the bank to reissue\nthe check. However, the bank may ask for an indemnity bond first, which makes\nyou liable for the check’s replacement. And it’s not an instant process.\nDepending on the bank, you may have to wait 30 to 90 days to receive a\nreplacement cashier’s check.\n\n## Cashier’s Check vs. Other Forms of Payment\n\nSome banks will only issue a cashier's check to someone who has an account\nwith that institution. If you can't get a cashier's check, or if a payee won’t\naccept one, there are other options for making large payments that offer\nvarying levels of safety.\n\n### Traditional checks\n\nThe bank does not guarantee traditional checks. If there are not sufficient\nfunds in the remitter’s account to cover the draft, the bank can return the\ncheck. As a result, the payee receives no funds from the bad check. Cashier’s\nchecks remove this element of risk.\n\n### Money orders\n\nA money order isn’t a check, but it is a secure form of payment. You purchase\nthe money order for a specific dollar amount and write it out to the payee.\nThey take it to the bank and either deposits it or cashes the check.\n\nCompared to a cashier’s check, a money order may be less expensive. The United\nStates Postal Service, for example, offers them for less than $2. They’re also\nmore convenient to get, as you’re not limited to finding them at banks and\ncredit unions. You can purchase money orders at the post office, supermarkets,\nand some gas stations. And you don’t need a bank account to get a money order;\nyou just need to have the cash to cover the money order and the fee.\n\n### Certified checks\n\nCertified checks are like cashier’s checks, but they’re drawn directly against\nyour account. It’s essentially still a personal check, but it’s signed by both\nyou and the bank. The bank guarantees a certified check and may put a hold on\nsome of the funds in the account holder’s account, but it doesn’t move the\nfunds from that account to its own reserves. However, if there are\ninsufficient funds in your account to cover the certified check, you’ll have\nto pay any associated fees the bank charges.\n\nOne difference between a certified check and a cashier's check is that the\nformer may be a less secure form of payment. These checks may not have the\nsame watermarks, making them easier to duplicate. In general, though, a\ncertified check is still a more secure way to pay than a money order or a\npersonal check.\n\n### Wire transfers\n\nWith a wire transfer, money is sent electronically directly from your account\nto someone else’s, with no check needed. It’s a low-stress way to send money,\nbut there are some downsides.\n\nFor one thing, wire transfers can be more expensive than cashier’s checks,\ncertified checks, or money orders. Depending on the bank and where the money\nis going, you may pay between $10 to $45 to execute a wire transfer.\nInstitutions may also charge a fee to receive a wire transfer.\n\nThe other drawback is that wire transfers aren’t always instant. It can take\nseveral days for an international wire transfer to be completed, which may not\nbe convenient for your payee if the money is needed quickly.\n\n### Social payment apps\n\nSocial payment apps may be useful for sending money to friends and family.\nWith these apps, you can send money to someone’s email address or phone number\nby using your bank account, debit card, credit card, or a balance you have in\nthe app. Transfers can be instant and—depending on where the money for the\ntransfer comes from—you may pay zero fees.\n\nSome apps limit how much you can send in a single transaction and per day. If\nyou have a large amount to send, you may be better off looking at a cashier’s\ncheck or one of the other options mentioned above.\n\n## Examples of Cashier’s Check Scams\n\nAlthough cashier’s checks are a low-risk way to transfer money, thieves have\ndeveloped a number of scams centered on them. In one, a buyer contacts someone\nwho is selling something and offers to buy it with a cashier’s check written\nfor a higher amount than the sale price. They ask the seller to wire the\ndifference to another party. After the seller wires the money, they try to\ndeposit the cashier's check and learns that it is fraudulent.\n\nIn another popular scam, the victim receives a letter stating they are\nselected to work as a mystery shopper. The letter contains a cashier’s check,\nand it instructs the victim to use part of the check to buy merchandise during\nthe mystery shopping excursions, wire part of the check to a third party, and\nkeep the remainder as pay. To be successful, the scam relies on the victim\nwiring the funds before discovering the cashier’s check is a fake.\n\n### Article Sources\n\nInvestopedia requires writers to use primary sources to support their work.\nThese include white papers, government data, original reporting, and\ninterviews with industry experts. We also reference original research from\nother reputable publishers where appropriate. You can learn more about the\nstandards we follow in producing accurate, unbiased content in our editorial\npolicy.\n\n 1. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. \"Answers About Cashier's Checks.\" Accessed Feb. 25, 2020.\n\n 2. USPS.COM \"Sending Money Orders.\" Accessed Feb. 25, 2020.\n\n### Related Terms\n\nUnderstanding Checks\n\nA check is a written, dated, and signed instrument that contains an\nunconditional order directing a bank to pay a definite sum of money to a\npayee.\n\nmore\n\nWhat Are Same-Day Funds?\n\nSame-day funds is a term for money that can be transferred or withdrawn the\nsame day that it is deposited into the recipient's bank account.\n\nmore\n\nWire Transfer Definition\n\nA wire transfer is an electronic transfer of funds across a network\nadministered by hundreds of banks around the world.\n\nmore\n\nUnderstanding Payments\n\nPayment is the transfer of one form of goods, services, or financial assets in\nexchange for another form of goods, services, or financial assets.\n\nmore\n\nBankable Funds\n\nBankable funds are methods of payment accepted by banks. Examples of bankable\nfunds include cash, money orders, and cashier's checks.\n\nmore\n\nPay to Order Definition\n\nPay to order refers to negotiable checks or drafts paid via an endorsement\nthat identifies a person or organization the payer authorizes to receive\nmoney.\n\nmore\n\nPartner Links\n\n### Related Articles\n\nChecking Accounts\n\n### How to Endorse a Check\n\nBanking\n\n### What Are the Best Ways to Get a Cashier’s Check?\n\nBudgeting & Savings\n\n### Money Orders: When and Where to Get One, and How to Cash One In\n\nChecking Accounts\n\n### Certified Check vs. Cashier’s Check: An Overview\n\nPersonal Finance\n\n### Where Can You Cash Checks?\n\nBudgeting & Savings\n\n### How to Fill Out a Money Order, Step by Step\n\n * About Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Dictionary\n * Editorial Policy\n * Advertise\n * News\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n * California Privacy Notice\n\n * #\n * A\n * B\n * C\n * D\n * E\n * F\n * G\n * H\n * I\n * J\n * K\n * L\n * M\n * N\n * O\n * P\n * Q\n * R\n * S\n * T\n * U\n * V\n * W\n * X\n * Y\n * Z\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.wellsfargo.com/online-banking/service-fees", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210806212004/https://www.wellsfargo.com/online-banking/service-fees", "parsed_text": { "title": "Consumer and Business Fees – Wells Fargo", "passages": [ "Navegó a una página que no está disponible en español en este momento. Seleccione el enlace si desea ver otro contenido en español.", "This list describes the services you may use along with the associated fees. Fees may vary based on the type of account you have as some accounts offer fee waivers for some services. For a complete list of services, fees, and fee waivers that are available with your account, please consult the Consumer Account Fee and Information Schedule or the Business Account Fee and Information Schedule as applicable. If you have questions or prefer us to mail you a copy of the Fee and Information Schedule, please contact your Banker or call us at one of the numbers listed below.", "Fees from non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator may apply unless waived by the terms of your applicable account. The non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator fees are included in the total amount withdrawn from your account and will apply to your applicable card's daily ATM withdrawal limit.", "Fees from non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator may apply unless waived by the terms of your applicable account. The non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator fees are included in the total amount withdrawn from your account and will apply to your applicable card's daily ATM withdrawal limit.", "Fees from non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator may apply unless waived by the terms of your applicable account. The non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator fees are included in the total amount withdrawn from your account and will apply to your applicable card's daily ATM withdrawal limit.", "Fees from non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator may apply unless waived by the terms of your applicable account. The non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator fees are included in the total amount withdrawn from your account and will apply to your applicable card's daily ATM withdrawal limit.", "There's no monthly service fee to use Bill Pay. Charges may apply, however, for Wells Fargo Same Day Payments Service^SM. Please refer to our fees page for fees associated with our online services. Additional fees may apply for certain funding accounts used in Bill Pay. Account fees (e.g. monthly service, overdraft) may also apply to your account(s) that you make Bill Pay payments from. Please refer to the Account Agreement, including the Fee and Information Schedule, applicable to your account(s).", "Business checking and savings accounts include a specified amount of cash deposits processed monthly without a fee. Once cash deposits processed exceeds this amount, a cash deposit processing fee will apply.", "To learn more about this fee, see your Business Account Fee and Information Schedule and review your monthly statements under the Account transaction fees summary section.", "If you cash or deposit an item into your account, and it is returned unpaid to the Bank for any reason, your account is charged a fee.", "Check images are immediately available for up to 90 days after they post to your account. Images of checks that cleared more than 90 days ago can be requested free of charge, and are usually accessible electronically within 24 hours.", "If your check is not available to view online, you may request a paper copy via U.S. Mail. Fees may apply for paper copies.", "A fee will be charged for each debit card purchase made in a foreign currency that is converted to a U.S. dollar amount by a network.", "You may be charged fees by other third parties for use of your debit card or ATM card, such as stores and merchants for purchase transactions, and other banks and financial institutions for debit card over-the-counter cash disbursements at their branches.", "We may assess an overdraft fee for any item we pay into overdraft, and we may assess a returned item fee for any item returned unpaid.", "Debit Card Overdraft Service: No overdraft fee will be assessed on ATM and everyday (one-time) debit card transactions unless Debit Card Overdraft Service is added to your account. If Debit Card Overdraft Service is not added and there is not enough money in your checking account or accounts linked for Overdraft Protection, your ATM and everyday (one-time) debit card transactions will be declined, and there are no fees for declined transactions. Debit Card Overdraft Service is automatically added to eligible Business Accounts at account opening. You can add or remove the service at any time. Debit Card Overdraft Service is not available for certain accounts, such as Wells Fargo Clear Access Banking^SM accounts, Teen Checking^SM accounts, Opportunity Checking^® accounts, IOLTA/RETA accounts, accounts for government entities, or savings accounts.", "We limit the number of overdraft and/or returned item (Non-Sufficient Funds/NSF) fees assessed per business day: No more than three for consumer accounts, two for Wells Fargo Teen Checking, or eight for business accounts", "We will not assess overdraft fees or returned item (non-sufficient funds/NSF) fees for Clear Access Banking^SM accounts. However, payees or merchants may still assess a fee. If you convert to a Clear Access Banking account from an account that has checks and overdraft services available, any fees (for example, overdraft or non-sufficient funds/NSF) resulting from account activity made or authorized prior to conversion may post to the account after conversion. In this event, any such fees will also be reflected in account activity summaries located within online banking and your periodic statement.", "No overdraft fees will be assessed if both your ending daily account balance and available balance are overdrawn by $5 or less after we have processed all of your transactions.", "Overdraft Protection is an optional service you can add to your checking account by linking up to two eligible accounts (one savings, one credit). We will use available funds in your linked account(s) to authorize or pay your transactions if you don't have enough money in your checking account. Overdraft Protection is not available for Clear Access Banking accounts.", "A single Overdraft Protection transfer or advance fee will be assessed any day a transfer/advance is made regardless of the number of transactions covered or whether money is transferred/advanced from multiple accounts. Also, we will not charge a fee unless the transfer/advance covered at least one pending item, or helped you avoid at least one overdraft or returned item.", "Online Statements require Adobe^® Acrobat^® PDF reader. The length of time Online Statements are available to view and download varies depending on the product: up to 12 months for auto loans and student loans; up to 2 years for credit cards, home equity lines of credit, and personal loans and lines of credit; and up to 7 years for deposit accounts, home mortgage accounts, and trust and managed investment accounts. The length of time the specific product statements are available online can be found in Wells Fargo Online^® in Statements & Documents. Availability may be affected by your mobile carrier’s coverage area. Your mobile carrier’s message and data rates may apply.", "Request a stop payment online or by phone for a paper item (check) or pre- authorized ACH (Automated Clearing House) item. You will need to provide the following:", "Fees may vary based on the type of account you have as some accounts offer fee waivers for some services. For a complete list of services, fees, and fee waivers that are available with your account, please refer to your Consumer or Business Fee and Information Schedule, as applicable.", "Business checking and savings accounts include a specified number of transactions and deposited items without a fee. Once transactions and deposited items exceed this number, a transactions fee or deposited items fee applies.", "The definition of Transactions refers to all checks deposited and all withdrawals or debits posted to your account, including paper and electronic, except debit card purchases and debit card payments.", "To learn more about this fee, see your Business Account Fee and Information Schedule and review your monthly statements under the Account transaction fees summary section.", "Fees may vary based on the type of account you have as some accounts offer fee waivers for some services. For a complete list of services, fees, and fee waivers that are available with your account, please refer to your Consumer or Business Fee and Information Schedule, as applicable.", "Fees may be charged by third parties or other banks, in addition to those described above. Additionally, incoming or outgoing domestic wires that contain incorrect information may be subject to multiple fees assessed by the Bank and/or other financial institutions that process the wire.", "Fees may vary based on the type of account you have as some accounts offer fee waivers for some services. For a complete list of services, fees, and fee waivers that are available with your account, please refer to your Consumer or Business Fee and Information Schedule, as applicable.", "Fees may be charged by third parties or other banks, in addition to those described above. Additionally, incoming or outgoing domestic wires that contain incorrect information may be subject to multiple fees assessed by the Bank and/or other financial institutions that process the wire.", "This fee is waived for consumer accounts opened in or assigned to a branch located in the following cities in the State of New York: Carle Place, Cedarhurst, Garden City, Great Neck, Greenvale, Hempstead, Hewlett, Huntington, Lake Ronkonkoma, Manhasset, Oceanside, Port Washington, Syosset, and New York. In addition, for consumer accounts opened in or assigned to branches in the above listed cities, we will reimburse surcharges up to three non-Wells Fargo ATM cash withdrawals per fee period (unlimited number of reimbursements for primary Wells Fargo Portfolio Checking accounts), U.S. only.", "If the available balance in your savings account is $25 or more and can cover the overdraft (plus the Overdraft Protection transfer fee), we will transfer the exact amount needed or a minimum of $25. If the available balance in your savings account is less than either $25 or the amount needed, we will transfer the available balance. We will waive the Overdraft Protection transfer fee for Portfolio by Wells Fargo customers with $250,000 or more in qualifying balances, and Wells Fargo Navigate Business Checking, Additional Navigate Business Checking, and Optimize Business Checking customers.", "Home equity lines of credit secured by residential real estate located in Connecticut, New York, and Texas are not eligible to be linked for Overdraft Protection." ] }, "parsed_md": "Consumer and Business Fees – Wells Fargo\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Sign On\n * Customer Service\n * ATMs/Locations\n * Español\n\n## Banking\n\n## Accounts and Services\n\n * Checking Accounts\n * Savings Accounts and CDs\n * Debit Cards\n * Credit Cards\n * Foreign Exchange\n * Global Remittance Services\n\n * Online Banking\n * Transfer and Pay\n * Mobile Features\n * Control Tower^®\n * ATM Banking\n\n## Your Financial Goals\n\n * Tax Center\n * Banking Made Easy\n * Planning for Retirement\n * Security Center\n\n## Popular Links\n\n * Mortgage Rates\n * Routing Number\n * Overdraft Services\n * Get Help with Payment Challenges\n * Open a Checking Account\n * Apply for an Account or Service\n\n## Loans and Credit\n\n## Accounts and Services\n\n * Mortgage Loans\n * Personal Loans\n\n * Student Loans\n * Auto Loans\n * Credit Cards\n\n## Your Financial Goals\n\n * Going to College\n * Borrowing and Credit\n * Security Center\n\n## Popular Links\n\n * Mortgage Rates\n * Get Help with Payment Challenges\n * Finish Application/Check Status\n\n## Investing and Retirement\n\n## Our Investing Services\n\n * Overview\n * Self-Directed Investing\n * Automated Investing\n * Dedicated Financial Advisor\n * Compare Ways to Invest\n\n## Investing Solutions\n\n * IRAs\n * Invest in Mutual Funds\n * Rollovers (401k and IRA)\n * Investing for Education\n\n## Your Financial Goals\n\n * Strategy and Research\n * Planning for Retirement\n * Income in Retirement\n * Investing Basics\n\n## Popular Links\n\n * Contact a Financial Advisor\n * Open an IRA\n * Open a WellsTrade^® Account\n * Open an Intuitive Investor^® Account\n * My Retirement Plan\n * Employer Plan 401(k) Sign On\n\n## Wealth Management\n\n## Wealth Services\n\n * The Private Bank\n * Wells Fargo Advisors\n * All Wealth Management Services\n\n## Wealth Solutions\n\n * Wealth Planning\n * Private Banking\n * Investment and Asset Management\n * Fiduciary and Trust Services\n\n## Wealth Advice & Guidance\n\n * Strategy and Research\n * Wealth Management Insights\n * Conversations Magazine\n\n## Next Step\n\n * Contact The Private Bank\n * Contact Wells Fargo Advisors\n\n## Rewards and Benefits\n\n## Go Far^® Rewards\n\n * Explore Rewards\n * Earn Rewards\n * Use Rewards\n * Share Rewards\n\n## Relationship Program\n\n * Customer Relationship Overview\n\n## Your Financial Goals\n\n * Banking Made Easy\n * Borrowing and Credit\n * Security Center\n\n## Popular Links\n\n * Sign On to Go Far Rewards\n * Go Far Rewards FAQs\n * Credit Cards\n\nNavegó a una página que no está disponible en español en este momento.\nSeleccione el enlace si desea ver otro contenido en español.\n\nPágina principal\n\nComienzo de ventana emergente\n\n## Esta página solo está disponible en inglés\n\nSelecione Cancele para permanecer en esta página o Continúe para ver nuestra\npágina principal en español.\n\nCancele Continúe\n\nFin de ventana emergente\n\n# Wells Fargo Consumer and Business Account Fees\n\n * Print\n\nThis list describes the services you may use along with the associated fees.\nFees may vary based on the type of account you have as some accounts offer fee\nwaivers for some services. For a complete list of services, fees, and fee\nwaivers that are available with your account, please consult the Consumer\nAccount Fee and Information Schedule or the Business Account Fee and\nInformation Schedule as applicable. If you have questions or prefer us to mail\nyou a copy of the Fee and Information Schedule, please contact your Banker or\ncall us at one of the numbers listed below.\n\n * Consumer accounts, please call us at 1-800-869-3557.\n * Business accounts, please call us at 1-800-225-5935.\n\n## ATM Access (Wells Fargo)\n\nDescription\n\nGet cash, make deposits, transfer funds, or obtain an ATM statement at a Wells\nFargo ATM.\n\nFee\n\nNo charge for Wells Fargo customers\n\n## ATM Balance Inquiry (Non-Wells Fargo - U.S. and International)\n\nDescription\n\nGet your account balance at a non-Wells Fargo ATM.\n\nFee\n\n$2 per inquiry\n\nAdditional Information\n\nFees from non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator may apply unless waived by the\nterms of your applicable account. The non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator fees\nare included in the total amount withdrawn from your account and will apply to\nyour applicable card's daily ATM withdrawal limit.\n\n## ATM Funds Transfer (Non-Wells Fargo - U.S.^ and International)\n\nDescription\n\nTransfer available funds between your primary linked checking and savings\naccounts at non-Wells Fargo ATMs where available.\n\nFee\n\n$2 per transfer\n\nAdditional Information\n\nFees from non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator may apply unless waived by the\nterms of your applicable account. The non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator fees\nare included in the total amount withdrawn from your account and will apply to\nyour applicable card's daily ATM withdrawal limit.\n\n## ATM Cash Withdrawal (Non-Wells Fargo - U.S./U.S. Territories)^^,^\n\nDescription\n\nCash withdrawal transactions at non-Wells Fargo ATMs in the U.S.\n\nFee\n\n$2.50 each*\n\nAdditional Information\n\nFees from non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator may apply unless waived by the\nterms of your applicable account. The non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator fees\nare included in the total amount withdrawn from your account and will apply to\nyour applicable card's daily ATM withdrawal limit.\n\n*Please see \"Everyday Checking linked to Wells Fargo Campus Card\" on page 4 of the Consumer Account Fee and Information Schedule. Please see \"Navigate Business Checking benefits\" on page 7 and “Optimize Business Checking benefits” on page 9 of the Business Account Fee and Information Schedule.\n\n## ATM Cash Withdrawal (Non-Wells Fargo - International)\n\nDescription\n\nCash withdrawal transactions at ATMs outside the U.S.\n\nFee\n\n$5 each\n\nAdditional Information\n\nFees from non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator may apply unless waived by the\nterms of your applicable account. The non-Wells Fargo ATM owner/operator fees\nare included in the total amount withdrawn from your account and will apply to\nyour applicable card's daily ATM withdrawal limit.\n\n## Bill Pay (Business and Consumer)\n\n### Description\n\nPay your bills and invoices online from your business or personal accounts.\n\n### Wells Fargo Fee\n\nNone\n\n### Additional Information\n\nThere's no monthly service fee to use Bill Pay. Charges may apply, however,\nfor Wells Fargo Same Day Payments Service^SM. Please refer to our fees page\nfor fees associated with our online services. Additional fees may apply for\ncertain funding accounts used in Bill Pay. Account fees (e.g. monthly service,\noverdraft) may also apply to your account(s) that you make Bill Pay payments\nfrom. Please refer to the Account Agreement, including the Fee and Information\nSchedule, applicable to your account(s).\n\n## Cash Deposit Processing Fee (Business accounts only)\n\nDescription\n\nBusiness checking and savings accounts include a specified amount of cash\ndeposits processed monthly without a fee. Once cash deposits processed exceeds\nthis amount, a cash deposit processing fee will apply.\n\nFee\n\nFees are $0.30 per $100 cash deposits processed over the amount included with\nthe account without a fee.\n\nThe amount of cash deposits included with the account without a fee varies by\naccount type.\n\nFees for analyzed accounts are $0.0025 per $1 of cash deposits processed.\n\nAdditional Information\n\nTo learn more about this fee, see your Business Account Fee and Information\nSchedule and review your monthly statements under the Account transaction fees\nsummary section.\n\n## Cashed/Deposited Item Returned Unpaid\n\nDescription\n\nIf you cash or deposit an item into your account, and it is returned unpaid to\nthe Bank for any reason, your account is charged a fee.\n\nFee\n\n$12 per item\n\n## Cashier's Checks\n\n### Description\n\nOrder a cashier’s check online or in-person at any Wells Fargo banking\nlocation.\n\n### Wells Fargo Fee\n\n$10 each\n\n### Additional Information\n\nFor online orders of cashier’s checks within the U.S., there will be an $8\ndelivery charge.\n\n## Check Images (Online)\n\n### Description\n\nView images of checks you've written online.\n\n### Wells Fargo Fee\n\nNone\n\n### Additional Information\n\nCheck images are immediately available for up to 90 days after they post to\nyour account. Images of checks that cleared more than 90 days ago can be\nrequested free of charge, and are usually accessible electronically within 24\nhours.\n\nIf your check is not available to view online, you may request a paper copy\nvia U.S. Mail. Fees may apply for paper copies.\n\n## Check Order\n\n### Description\n\nOrder checks for your eligible accounts.\n\n### Wells Fargo Fee\n\nVaries depending on type of account and quantity, style and design of the\nchecks ordered.\n\n## Debit Card International Purchase Transactions\n\nDescription\n\nA fee will be charged for each debit card purchase made in a foreign currency\nthat is converted to a U.S. dollar amount by a network.\n\nFee\n\n3% of transaction amount\n\n## Debit Card Over-The-Counter Cash Disbursement\n\nDescription\n\nGet cash from a teller at a non-Wells Fargo Bank location.\n\nFee\n\n * U.S./U.S. Territories - $3 per teller transaction^\n * International - 3% of transaction amount\n\nAdditional Information\n\nYou may be charged fees by other third parties for use of your debit card or\nATM card, such as stores and merchants for purchase transactions, and other\nbanks and financial institutions for debit card over-the-counter cash\ndisbursements at their branches.\n\n## Money Order\n\nDescription\n\nA payment instrument ordering the bank to pay a specific sum of money.\n\nFee\n\n$5 per money order\n\nAdditional Information\n\nMoney orders up to $1,000 each may be purchased at any Wells Fargo banking\nlocation.\n\n## Overdraft and Returned Items/Non-Sufficient Funds (NSF)\n\nDescription\n\nWe may assess an overdraft fee for any item we pay into overdraft, and we may\nassess a returned item fee for any item returned unpaid.\n\nDebit Card Overdraft Service: No overdraft fee will be assessed on ATM and\neveryday (one-time) debit card transactions unless Debit Card Overdraft\nService is added to your account. If Debit Card Overdraft Service is not added\nand there is not enough money in your checking account or accounts linked for\nOverdraft Protection, your ATM and everyday (one-time) debit card transactions\nwill be declined, and there are no fees for declined transactions. Debit Card\nOverdraft Service is automatically added to eligible Business Accounts at\naccount opening. You can add or remove the service at any time. Debit Card\nOverdraft Service is not available for certain accounts, such as Wells Fargo\nClear Access Banking^SM accounts, Teen Checking^SM accounts, Opportunity\nChecking^® accounts, IOLTA/RETA accounts, accounts for government entities, or\nsavings accounts.\n\nFee\n\n * $35 per item*\n * $15 per item for Wells Fargo Teen Checking^SM\n * We limit the number of overdraft and/or returned item (Non-Sufficient Funds/NSF) fees assessed per business day: No more than three for consumer accounts, two for Wells Fargo Teen Checking, or eight for business accounts\n * We will not assess overdraft fees or returned item (non-sufficient funds/NSF) fees for Clear Access Banking^SM accounts. However, payees or merchants may still assess a fee. If you convert to a Clear Access Banking account from an account that has checks and overdraft services available, any fees (for example, overdraft or non-sufficient funds/NSF) resulting from account activity made or authorized prior to conversion may post to the account after conversion. In this event, any such fees will also be reflected in account activity summaries located within online banking and your periodic statement.\n\nAdditional Information\n\n * No overdraft or returned item fees will be assessed on items of $5 or less.\n * No overdraft fees will be assessed if both your ending daily account balance and available balance are overdrawn by $5 or less after we have processed all of your transactions.\n\n*Please see \"Everyday Checking linked to Wells Fargo Campus Card\" on page 4 of the Consumer Account Fee and Information Schedule.\n\n## Overdraft Protection\n\nDescription\n\nOverdraft Protection is an optional service you can add to your checking\naccount by linking up to two eligible accounts (one savings, one credit). We\nwill use available funds in your linked account(s) to authorize or pay your\ntransactions if you don't have enough money in your checking account.\nOverdraft Protection is not available for Clear Access Banking accounts.\n\nFee\n\nTransfers from a Wells Fargo Savings Account:\n\n * $12.50 per transfer^^,*\n\nAdvances from a Wells Fargo Credit Card Account:\n\n * Varies based on the amount advanced. See your Credit Card Agreement.\n\nAdvances from an eligible line of credit account^:\n\n * Consumer - $12.50 per advance^\n * Business - See your Credit Agreement.\n\nAdditional Information\n\nA single Overdraft Protection transfer or advance fee will be assessed any day\na transfer/advance is made regardless of the number of transactions covered or\nwhether money is transferred/advanced from multiple accounts. Also, we will\nnot charge a fee unless the transfer/advance covered at least one pending\nitem, or helped you avoid at least one overdraft or returned item.\n\n*Please see \"Everyday Checking linked to Wells Fargo Campus Card\" on page 4 of the Consumer Account Fee and Information Schedule. Please see \"Navigate Business Checking benefits\" on page 7 and “Optimize Business Checking benefits” on page 9 of the Business Account Fee and Information Schedule.\n\n## Statements (Online)\n\n### Description\n\nView your account statements online, and stop delivery of your statements by\nU.S. Mail.\n\n### Wells Fargo Fee\n\nNone\n\n### Additional Information\n\nOnline Statements require Adobe^® Acrobat^® PDF reader. The length of time\nOnline Statements are available to view and download varies depending on the\nproduct: up to 12 months for auto loans and student loans; up to 2 years for\ncredit cards, home equity lines of credit, and personal loans and lines of\ncredit; and up to 7 years for deposit accounts, home mortgage accounts, and\ntrust and managed investment accounts. The length of time the specific product\nstatements are available online can be found in Wells Fargo Online^® in\nStatements & Documents. Availability may be affected by your mobile carrier’s\ncoverage area. Your mobile carrier’s message and data rates may apply.\n\n## Stop Payment\n\n### Description\n\nRequest a stop payment online or by phone for a paper item (check) or pre-\nauthorized ACH (Automated Clearing House) item. You will need to provide the\nfollowing:\n\nPaper item – payee name, account number, check number or range of check\nnumbers, check date and check amount.\n\nACH item - company name, account number, ACH merchant ID and/or company ID and\namount of item.\n\n### Wells Fargo Fee\n\n$31 each item\n\n### Additional Information\n\nFees may vary based on the type of account you have as some accounts offer fee\nwaivers for some services. For a complete list of services, fees, and fee\nwaivers that are available with your account, please refer to your Consumer or\nBusiness Fee and Information Schedule, as applicable.\n\n## Transactions Fee (checking) / Deposited Items Fee (savings) (Business\naccounts only)\n\nDescription\n\nBusiness checking and savings accounts include a specified number of\ntransactions and deposited items without a fee. Once transactions and\ndeposited items exceed this number, a transactions fee or deposited items fee\napplies.\n\nThe definition of Transactions refers to all checks deposited and all\nwithdrawals or debits posted to your account, including paper and electronic,\nexcept debit card purchases and debit card payments.\n\nFee\n\nFees are $0.50 for each transaction/item over the number of transactions\nincluded with the account without a fee.\n\nThe number of transactions included with the account without a fee varies by\naccount type.\n\nRefer to the Business Account Fee and Information Schedule for Analyzed\nBusiness Checking and other analyzed account fees.\n\nAdditional Information\n\nTo learn more about this fee, see your Business Account Fee and Information\nSchedule and review your monthly statements under the Account transaction fees\nsummary section.\n\n## Wire Transfer — Incoming Domestic\n\nDescription\n\nA wire transfer sent to a Wells Fargo account from a financial institution in\nthe United States.\n\nFee\n\n$15 per transfer*\n\nAdditional Information\n\nFees may vary based on the type of account you have as some accounts offer fee\nwaivers for some services. For a complete list of services, fees, and fee\nwaivers that are available with your account, please refer to your Consumer or\nBusiness Fee and Information Schedule, as applicable.\n\nFees may be charged by third parties or other banks, in addition to those\ndescribed above. Additionally, incoming or outgoing domestic wires that\ncontain incorrect information may be subject to multiple fees assessed by the\nBank and/or other financial institutions that process the wire.\n\n*Please see \"Everyday Checking linked to a Wells Fargo Campus Card\" on page 4 of the Consumer Account Fee and Information Schedule.\n\n## Wire Transfer — Outgoing Domestic\n\nDescription\n\nA wire transfer sent from a Wells Fargo account to a recipient account in the\nUnited States.\n\nFee\n\n$30 each\n\nAdditional Information\n\nWells Fargo's wire transfer system enables you to move money between financial\ninstitutions in the U.S.\n\nFees may vary based on the type of account you have as some accounts offer fee\nwaivers for some services. For a complete list of services, fees, and fee\nwaivers that are available with your account, please refer to your Consumer or\nBusiness Fee and Information Schedule, as applicable.\n\nFees may be charged by third parties or other banks, in addition to those\ndescribed above. Additionally, incoming or outgoing domestic wires that\ncontain incorrect information may be subject to multiple fees assessed by the\nBank and/or other financial institutions that process the wire.\n\nEffective Date: May 28, 2021\n\nThis fee is waived for consumer accounts opened in or assigned to a branch\nlocated in the following cities in the State of New York: Carle Place,\nCedarhurst, Garden City, Great Neck, Greenvale, Hempstead, Hewlett,\nHuntington, Lake Ronkonkoma, Manhasset, Oceanside, Port Washington, Syosset,\nand New York. In addition, for consumer accounts opened in or assigned to\nbranches in the above listed cities, we will reimburse surcharges up to three\nnon-Wells Fargo ATM cash withdrawals per fee period (unlimited number of\nreimbursements for primary Wells Fargo Portfolio Checking accounts), U.S.\nonly.\n\nU.S. includes the 50 states of the United States as well as the U.S.\nterritories of American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico,\nU.S. Minor Outlying Islands, and U.S. Virgin Islands.\n\nIf the available balance in your savings account is $25 or more and can cover\nthe overdraft (plus the Overdraft Protection transfer fee), we will transfer\nthe exact amount needed or a minimum of $25. If the available balance in your\nsavings account is less than either $25 or the amount needed, we will transfer\nthe available balance. We will waive the Overdraft Protection transfer fee for\nPortfolio by Wells Fargo customers with $250,000 or more in qualifying\nbalances, and Wells Fargo Navigate Business Checking, Additional Navigate\nBusiness Checking, and Optimize Business Checking customers.\n\nHome equity lines of credit secured by residential real estate located in\nConnecticut, New York, and Texas are not eligible to be linked for Overdraft\nProtection.\n\nMinimum transfer amounts and interest charges may apply.\n\nWells Fargo Bank, N.A. Member FDIC.\n\nLRC-0521\n\n© 1999 - 2021 Wells Fargo. All rights reserved. NMLSR ID 399801\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.thesimpledollar.com:80/how-do-money-orders-work/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170822032809/http://www.thesimpledollar.com:80/how-do-money-orders-work/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Banking Basics: How Do Money Orders Work, Anyway?", "passages": [ "What is a money order? It’s simply a little piece of paper that allows the person named to receive a specified amount of cash. Money orders are widely available, cheap, and offer a more secure way to make a big purchase than paying with cash.", "If you’re wondering how money orders work and why you would need one in the age of online banking, keep reading. We’ll cover the basics and more, including how to get a money order, how much it costs, the drawbacks of using one, and a few alternatives.", "When you purchase a money order, you pay the full amount upfront, plus a small fee. After verifying that the amount is correct, you’ll need to fill in your name and contact information on the front of the money order, plus the name of the recipient and their contact information.", "A memo line allows you to specify what the money order is for. You then sign the front. Be sure to keep your receipt in case you need proof of payment or want to track when the order is received.", "After that, you give the money order to whomever it is you’re paying, and they must sign the back and cash it to get the money. They’ll also need their ID to prove they’re the recipient.", "Money orders are useful any time you don’t want (or aren’t allowed) to use a check or cash to make a payment. Here are a few situations where you might use a money order:", "You need to send a secure payment through the mail: It’s unwise to send cash through the mail, for obvious reasons. A check can be a better option, but maybe you don’t trust the payment recipient with your bank account number. A money order alleviates that risk.", "You’re buying something and the seller requires a money order: Maybe you’re buying a used car for a few thousand bucks from a private seller. That person might want you to pay by money order because they won’t have to worry about your personal check bouncing.", "You need to pay some bills but you don’t have a bank account: Money orders require upfront payment. Whatever the reason you lack a bank account, money orders are still an option.", "You can get a money order at several places you frequent. Your bank might be the most obvious, but the post office, convenience stores, grocery stores, check-cashing shops, Western Union, and Wal-Mart all sell money orders, too.", "If you’ve received a money order, most of the places listed above will cash it, too. Your best bet may be taking it to the institution that issued it — for instance, if it’s a U.S. Postal Service money order, take it to the post office to cash it. You can also deposit the money order into your bank account.", "Money orders are relatively inexpensive, depending on where you buy them. Ironically, banks may actually be your worst bet because fees are all over the map. For example, my bank, Fifth Third, only charges $1.25 for money orders up to $1,500, but Chase and Bank of America charge $5 with a $1,000 cap.", "Your local Wal-Mart, which charges only 70 cents for money orders up to $1,000, is among your least expensive options. The U.S. Post Office charges a reasonable $1.20 for money orders up to $500, or $1.60 up to $1,000. Finally, Western Union doesn’t have a set fee, but you may pay up to $1 for money orders up to $1,000.", "If you can’t use a personal check (or you don’t have a bank account), money orders are a relatively cheap and convenient alternative — you can usually get one at Wal-Mart or your local U.S. Post Office for a small fee. Photo: Random Retail", "By now, you’ve probably noticed that money orders are usually capped at $1,000 or so. If you need to send more money than that, you’ll have to pay for multiple money orders.", "For example, if I needed to send $2,200 via USPS money orders, I would pay $4.45 for three money orders (two for $1,000 at $1.60 each, and one for $200 at $1.20).", "Money orders are relatively cheap and convenient, but there are a few downsides to note before they become part of your financial routine.", "Fees can add up: Money orders are cheap, and if you only need one every once in a while, the fees shouldn’t deter you. But if you’re using money orders regularly because you lack a checking account, fees will add up fast — especially if you have to make sizable payments that require multiple money orders.", "Big target for scammers: Unfortunately, money orders are notorious for attracting scammers and thieves, and they’re sometimes prohibited as a form of payment because of this risk. A money order theft may be as simple as someone intercepting the money order and attempting to put their own information over the recipient’s. Or a scammer may pay someone via a money order for more than the requested amount, then ask for the difference to be paid back. Unfortunately, the money order turns out to be counterfeit, and the recipient is on the hook for it.", "Not as convenient as checks: Granted, it’s easy to get a money order since they’re widely available, but you often need to make a special trip and pay in person. Compare that to writing a check, or using online bill pay or a person-to-person payment service, where you may not even have to get out of your pajamas.", "If you’ve decided a money order isn’t what you need, there are a number of options that might fit your situation better without resorting to cash.", "This is the most obvious alternative to a money order. Of course, there are situations where this isn’t an option: Maybe the seller won’t accept a check, or you don’t want the seller to have your banking information. Or you may lack a checking account.", "If none of those situations apply, however, you’ll probably want to take advantage of the checking account you already have (and possibly pay for in the form of a monthly fee). If you have a checking account, you may also have access to online bill payment that lets you pay a bill without picking up a pen.", "Looking for the best checking accounts out there? Don’t want to pay a dime for one? We have some recommendations in How to Find the Best Free Checking Account.", "If you want something more secure than a personal check, a cashier’s check can also be a good alternative to a money order. A cashier’s check is signed by a bank representative and drawn from a bank’s account after the funds are transferred from your own. Unlike a money order, there’s no cap on the amount as long as you have the necessary funds.", "A cashier’s check may be preferable from a recipient’s standpoint since it’s coming directly from the bank, which can mean they get the money more quickly and with less chance for fraud. However, a cashier’s check costs a lot more than a money order — $7 to $10 is average — and you may need an account with the bank where you’re getting the check.", "A wire transfer is a good alternative to a money order if you need to send money as quickly as possible. As with a cashier’s check, you’ll often need to visit your bank (or a store such as Western Union or MoneyGram) in person. Make sure you know the recipient’s bank account and routing numbers, and be prepared for a relatively steep fee of at least $25 to $30 (or even higher if your money is going abroad).", "Wire transfers are pricey, so you’ll probably only want to go this route if you’re required to, or you want the recipient to get cash as quickly as possible. Since there’s usually no hold on funds you wire, once the transfer is complete, it’s in the recipient’s account. Make sure you’re wiring funds to someone you trust — otherwise, you’ll have little recourse because the transaction is so fast.", "If you don’t need to send your payment and are looking at money orders simply because you don’t have a bank account, consider using a prepaid debit card. These cards offer the convenience of plastic, but instead of being hooked up to a credit account, you load them with your own cash, typically online or at a variety of retail locations.", "Prepaid debit cards can also be a great option if you don’t want to deal with the temptation of overspending with a credit card, or you want to keep credit card or bank account information as secure as possible. But note that many of these cards come with a range of fees that still make a traditional debit card linked to a checking account a better bet.", "If you’re interested in prepaid debit cards and want some recommendations, check out your best bets in our guide to the Best Prepaid Debit Cards", "Money orders have a fairly defined niche in the world of personal finance: When you need a more secure alternative to sending cash but can’t use a check, they may be your best bet. Fees are low and they’re widely available at places you visit every day, no bank account required.", "However, remember to evaluate alternatives to money orders, especially if you find yourself using them frequently. Cashier’s checks and wire transfers can add an extra layer of security if that’s your primary concern, but fees are higher. Prepaid debit cards might be worth a look if you’re using money orders because you lack a bank account.", "If you’ve been denied a checking account because of previous mismanagement, be sure to look into second-chance checking accounts. These can get you back in a bank’s good graces, which means you may never have to pay for a money order again.", "Advertising Disclosure: TheSimpleDollar.com has an advertising relationship with some of the offers included on this page. However, the rankings and listings of our reviews, tools and all other content are based on objective analysis. For more information and a complete list of our advertising partners, please check out our full Advertising Disclosure. TheSimpleDollar.com strives to keep its information accurate and up to date. The information in our reviews could be different from what you find when visiting a financial institution, service provider or a specific product's website. All products are presented without warranty." ] }, "parsed_md": "Banking Basics: How Do Money Orders Work, Anyway? - The Simple Dollar\n\nBanking Basics: How Do Money Orders Work, Anyway?\n\n * Credit Cards\n * Investing\n * Banking\n * Education\n * Insurance\n\n * Credit Cards\n * Investing\n * Banking\n * Education\n * Insurance\n\n×\n\n * #### \n\nBest Credit Cards of 2017\n\n * #### \n\nBest Balance Transfer Credit Cards for 2017\n\n * #### \n\nBest Rewards Credit Cards of 2017\n\n * #### \n\nBest Travel Credit Cards of 2017\n\n * #### \n\nBest IRA Accounts of 2017\n\n * #### \n\nBest Online Stock Trading Brokers for 2017\n\n * #### \n\nRoth IRA vs 401k? You May Not Have to Choose\n\n * #### \n\nBest Money Market Accounts for 2017\n\n * #### \n\nThe Best High-Interest Savings Accounts Online for 2017\n\n * #### \n\nThe Best Free Checking Account in 2017\n\n * #### \n\nBest Savings Account in 2017\n\n * #### \n\nHow to Find the Best CD Rates in 2017\n\n * #### \n\nAffordable Online Bachelor's Degree Programs in 2017\n\n * #### \n\nAffordable Online Master's Degree Programs in 2017\n\n * #### \n\nAffordable Online MBA Programs in 2017\n\n * #### \n\nWhy You Should Consider Trade School Instead of College\n\n * #### \n\nBest Car Insurance Companies of 2017\n\n * #### \n\nBest Life Insurance Companies for 2017\n\n * #### \n\nThe Best Home Insurance for 2017\n\n * #### \n\nAffordable Health Insurance Options in 2017\n\nUpdated on 07.05.17\n\n# Banking Basics: How Do Money Orders Work, Anyway?\n\nby Saundra Latham\n\nWhat is a money order? It’s simply a little piece of paper that allows the\nperson named to receive a specified amount of cash. Money orders are widely\navailable, cheap, and offer a more secure way to make a big purchase than\npaying with cash.\n\nIf you’re wondering how money orders work and why you would need one in the\nage of online banking, keep reading. We’ll cover the basics and more,\nincluding how to get a money order, how much it costs, the drawbacks of using\none, and a few alternatives.\n\nRecommended Banks\n\nDiscover Bank Sign Up Now\n\nChase Total Checking® Sign Up Now\n\nAlly Bank® Sign Up Now\n\n## How do money orders work?\n\nWhen you purchase a money order, you pay the full amount upfront, plus a small\nfee. After verifying that the amount is correct, you’ll need to fill in your\nname and contact information on the front of the money order, plus the name of\nthe recipient and their contact information.\n\nA memo line allows you to specify what the money order is for. You then sign\nthe front. Be sure to keep your receipt in case you need proof of payment or\nwant to track when the order is received.\n\nAfter that, you give the money order to whomever it is you’re paying, and they\nmust sign the back and cash it to get the money. They’ll also need their ID to\nprove they’re the recipient.\n\n## Why would I need a money order?\n\nMoney orders are useful any time you don’t want (or aren’t allowed) to use a\ncheck or cash to make a payment. Here are a few situations where you might use\na money order:\n\n * You need to send a secure payment through the mail: It’s unwise to send cash through the mail, for obvious reasons. A check can be a better option, but maybe you don’t trust the payment recipient with your bank account number. A money order alleviates that risk.\n * You’re buying something and the seller requires a money order: Maybe you’re buying a used car for a few thousand bucks from a private seller. That person might want you to pay by money order because they won’t have to worry about your personal check bouncing.\n * You need to pay some bills but you don’t have a bank account: Money orders require upfront payment. Whatever the reason you lack a bank account, money orders are still an option.\n\n## How to get a money order, and where to cash it in\n\nYou can get a money order at several places you frequent. Your bank might be\nthe most obvious, but the post office, convenience stores, grocery stores,\ncheck-cashing shops, Western Union, and Wal-Mart all sell money orders, too.\n\nIf you’ve received a money order, most of the places listed above will cash\nit, too. Your best bet may be taking it to the institution that issued it —\nfor instance, if it’s a U.S. Postal Service money order, take it to the post\noffice to cash it. You can also deposit the money order into your bank\naccount.\n\n## What does a money order cost?\n\nMoney orders are relatively inexpensive, depending on where you buy them.\nIronically, banks may actually be your worst bet because fees are all over the\nmap. For example, my bank, Fifth Third, only charges $1.25 for money orders up\nto $1,500, but Chase and Bank of America charge $5 with a $1,000 cap.\n\nYour local Wal-Mart, which charges only 70 cents for money orders up to\n$1,000, is among your least expensive options. The U.S. Post Office charges a\nreasonable $1.20 for money orders up to $500, or $1.60 up to $1,000. Finally,\nWestern Union doesn’t have a set fee, but you may pay up to $1 for money\norders up to $1,000.\n\nIf you can’t use a personal check (or you don’t have a bank account), money\norders are a relatively cheap and convenient alternative — you can usually get\none at Wal-Mart or your local U.S. Post Office for a small fee. Photo: Random\nRetail\n\nBy now, you’ve probably noticed that money orders are usually capped at $1,000\nor so. If you need to send more money than that, you’ll have to pay for\nmultiple money orders.\n\nFor example, if I needed to send $2,200 via USPS money orders, I would pay\n$4.45 for three money orders (two for $1,000 at $1.60 each, and one for $200\nat $1.20).\n\n## Are there any drawbacks to using money orders?\n\nMoney orders are relatively cheap and convenient, but there are a few\ndownsides to note before they become part of your financial routine.\n\n * Fees can add up: Money orders are cheap, and if you only need one every once in a while, the fees shouldn’t deter you. But if you’re using money orders regularly because you lack a checking account, fees will add up fast — especially if you have to make sizable payments that require multiple money orders.\n * Big target for scammers: Unfortunately, money orders are notorious for attracting scammers and thieves, and they’re sometimes prohibited as a form of payment because of this risk. A money order theft may be as simple as someone intercepting the money order and attempting to put their own information over the recipient’s. Or a scammer may pay someone via a money order for more than the requested amount, then ask for the difference to be paid back. Unfortunately, the money order turns out to be counterfeit, and the recipient is on the hook for it.\n * Not as convenient as checks: Granted, it’s easy to get a money order since they’re widely available, but you often need to make a special trip and pay in person. Compare that to writing a check, or using online bill pay or a person-to-person payment service, where you may not even have to get out of your pajamas.\n\n## What are some alternatives to money orders?\n\nIf you’ve decided a money order isn’t what you need, there are a number of\noptions that might fit your situation better without resorting to cash.\n\n### Personal checks\n\nThis is the most obvious alternative to a money order. Of course, there are\nsituations where this isn’t an option: Maybe the seller won’t accept a check,\nor you don’t want the seller to have your banking information. Or you may lack\na checking account.\n\nIf none of those situations apply, however, you’ll probably want to take\nadvantage of the checking account you already have (and possibly pay for in\nthe form of a monthly fee). If you have a checking account, you may also have\naccess to online bill payment that lets you pay a bill without picking up a\npen.\n\nLooking for the best checking accounts out there? Don’t want to pay a dime for\none? We have some recommendations in How to Find the Best Free Checking\nAccount.\n\n### Cashier’s checks\n\nIf you want something more secure than a personal check, a cashier’s check can\nalso be a good alternative to a money order. A cashier’s check is signed by a\nbank representative and drawn from a bank’s account after the funds are\ntransferred from your own. Unlike a money order, there’s no cap on the amount\nas long as you have the necessary funds.\n\nA cashier’s check may be preferable from a recipient’s standpoint since it’s\ncoming directly from the bank, which can mean they get the money more quickly\nand with less chance for fraud. However, a cashier’s check costs a lot more\nthan a money order — $7 to $10 is average — and you may need an account with\nthe bank where you’re getting the check.\n\n### Wire transfers\n\nA wire transfer is a good alternative to a money order if you need to send\nmoney as quickly as possible. As with a cashier’s check, you’ll often need to\nvisit your bank (or a store such as Western Union or MoneyGram) in person.\nMake sure you know the recipient’s bank account and routing numbers, and be\nprepared for a relatively steep fee of at least $25 to $30 (or even higher if\nyour money is going abroad).\n\nWire transfers are pricey, so you’ll probably only want to go this route if\nyou’re required to, or you want the recipient to get cash as quickly as\npossible. Since there’s usually no hold on funds you wire, once the transfer\nis complete, it’s in the recipient’s account. Make sure you’re wiring funds to\nsomeone you trust — otherwise, you’ll have little recourse because the\ntransaction is so fast.\n\n### Prepaid debit cards\n\nIf you don’t need to send your payment and are looking at money orders simply\nbecause you don’t have a bank account, consider using a prepaid debit card.\nThese cards offer the convenience of plastic, but instead of being hooked up\nto a credit account, you load them with your own cash, typically online or at\na variety of retail locations.\n\nPrepaid debit cards can also be a great option if you don’t want to deal with\nthe temptation of overspending with a credit card, or you want to keep credit\ncard or bank account information as secure as possible. But note that many of\nthese cards come with a range of fees that still make a traditional debit card\nlinked to a checking account a better bet.\n\nIf you’re interested in prepaid debit cards and want some recommendations,\ncheck out your best bets in our guide to the Best Prepaid Debit Cards\n\n## Money orders are useful, but consider all your options\n\nMoney orders have a fairly defined niche in the world of personal finance:\nWhen you need a more secure alternative to sending cash but can’t use a check,\nthey may be your best bet. Fees are low and they’re widely available at places\nyou visit every day, no bank account required.\n\nHowever, remember to evaluate alternatives to money orders, especially if you\nfind yourself using them frequently. Cashier’s checks and wire transfers can\nadd an extra layer of security if that’s your primary concern, but fees are\nhigher. Prepaid debit cards might be worth a look if you’re using money orders\nbecause you lack a bank account.\n\nIf you’ve been denied a checking account because of previous mismanagement, be\nsure to look into second-chance checking accounts. These can get you back in a\nbank’s good graces, which means you may never have to pay for a money order\nagain.\n\nRelated Articles:\n\n * What Do I Need to Open a Bank Account?\n * Three Painful Bank Fees (and How to Avoid Them)\n * The Best Free Checking Account in 2016\n * How to Apply for a Credit Card (and Actually Get Approved)\n\nSee Also: Get 2x Points on All Your Travel and Dining >>\n\n###### Recommended For You\n\nA Great Way To Pay Off Debt With A No Interest Credit Card\n\nGet rid of high interest debt with a 0% balance transfer credit card\n\nGet A Free Trip This Summer by using the Right Card\n\nEarn credit card points toward your favorite ways to travel\n\nAvoid Foreign Transaction Fees with These Top Picks\n\nSave money and expand your travel budget by packing any one of these cards on\nyour trip\n\n6 Credit Cards That Can't Be Beat in 2016\n\nA comprehensive guide to maximizing rewards and getting paid back for\neverything you buy\n\nLoading Disqus Comments ...\n\nLoading Facebook Comments ...\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nAdvertiser Disclosure\n\nCLOSE\n\nYour Personal Financial Toolkit\n\n * Manage your money IRA Accounts Online Brokers Free Checking Account Savings Accounts Tax Software Free Tax Software\n * Plan for your future Mortgage Rates Auto loans Debt Payoff Calculator\n * Protect your investments Home Insurance Renter’s Insurance Cheap Car Insurance Credit Monitoring Services\n * Optimize your spending Credit Cards Rewards Credit Cards Travel Credit Cards Airline Credit Cards Hotel Credit Cards Cash Back Credit Cards Balance Transfer Business Credit Cards Credit Cards for Students Credit Cards for Bad Credit\n\nGet the new e-book, 202 Ways to Save Money Now, for free!\n\nJust sign up to The Simple Dollar Daily and start saving today.\n\nAdvertiser Disclosure\n\nCLOSE\n\nYour Personal Financial Toolkit\n\n * Manage your money IRA Accounts Online Brokers Free Checking Account Savings Accounts Tax Software Free Tax Software\n * Plan for your future Mortgage Rates Auto loans Debt Payoff Calculator\n * Protect your investments Home Insurance Renter’s Insurance Cheap Car Insurance Credit Monitoring Services\n * Optimize your spending Credit Cards Rewards Credit Cards Travel Credit Cards Airline Credit Cards Hotel Credit Cards Cash Back Credit Cards Balance Transfer Business Credit Cards Credit Cards for Students Credit Cards for Bad Credit\n\nGet the new e-book, 202 Ways to Save Money Now, for free!\n\nJust sign up to The Simple Dollar Daily and start saving today.\n\nOur Brands:\n\n * The Simple Dollar\n * Freshome\n * Reviews.com\n * Goodcall\n\n * Safety.com\n * InternetProviders\n\nAdvertising Disclosure: TheSimpleDollar.com has an advertising relationship\nwith some of the offers included on this page. However, the rankings and\nlistings of our reviews, tools and all other content are based on objective\nanalysis. For more information and a complete list of our advertising\npartners, please check out our full Advertising Disclosure.\nTheSimpleDollar.com strives to keep its information accurate and up to date.\nThe information in our reviews could be different from what you find when\nvisiting a financial institution, service provider or a specific product's\nwebsite. All products are presented without warranty.\n\nTop\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.usps.com/shop/money-orders.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210823205654/https://www.usps.com/shop/money-orders.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Money Orders", "passages": [ "When sending money by mail, use money orders as a safe alternative to cash and personal checks. U.S. Postal Service^® money orders are affordable, widely accepted, and never expire. Your money order receipt will help you track your payment and show proof of value in case the money order gets lost, stolen, or damaged.", "Decide on the money order amount. You can send up to $1,000 in a single order anywhere in the United States.", "Before accepting a money order, make sure it's real. There are several key things to look at to spot a counterfeit money order.", "Real USPS money orders have specific marks and designs to prevent fraud. If you hold the money order up to the light you should see:", "On the right of the Franklin watermark, a vertical, multicolored thread with the letters “USPS” weaves in and out of the paper to (circle 2 on image).", "Domestic money orders never expire and they do not accrue interest. Money orders are cashed for the exact amount on the order.", "You can cash a USPS money order at a Post Office for free. You can also cash them at most banks and some stores. Rural carriers may cash money orders if they have enough money on hand.", "You can check the status of a money order you've purchased from the U.S. Postal Service at any time by visiting the Money Orders Application.", "After starting the inquiry, you will be able to check the status of your money order and inquiry progress by visiting the Money Orders Application.", "We'll replace money orders that are defective or damaged. Take the damaged money order and your receipt to your local Post Office location to get a replacement.", "As of March 2020, the Postal Service^TM no longer sells international postal money orders destined for Japan or cashes international postal money orders issued by Japan Post. If you have not yet cashed a Japan Post-issued money order, please return it to the sender.", "On July 10, 2020, Japan Post stopped cashing international postal money orders issued by the Postal Service. (Japan Post stopped selling international postal money orders destined for the U.S. on December 31, 2019.)" ] }, "parsed_md": "Money Orders | USPS\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\n## English Use arrow key to access related widget.\n\nEnglish\n\nEspañol\n\n * Customer Service\n\n * My USPS ›\n\nGo to USPS.com Site Index. Skip to Main Content Skip All Utility Navigation\n\nCurrent language: English\n\n * English\n * Español\n * Chinese\n\nLocations Support Informed Delivery Register / Sign In\n\nSkip all category navigation links\n\nTop Searches\n\n * PO BOXES\n * PASSPORTS\n * FREE BOXES\n\n# Sending Money Orders\n\nWhen sending money by mail, use money orders as a safe alternative to cash and\npersonal checks. U.S. Postal Service^® money orders are affordable, widely\naccepted, and never expire. Your money order receipt will help you track your\npayment and show proof of value in case the money order gets lost, stolen, or\ndamaged.\n\nYou can buy or cash postal money orders at any Post Office^TM location.\n\nSend Money Orders Internationally\n\n## How to Send Domestic Money Orders\n\n 1. Decide on the money order amount. You can send up to $1,000 in a single order anywhere in the United States.\n 2. Go to any Post Office location.\n 3. Take cash, a debit card, or a traveler’s check. You cannot pay with a credit card.\n 4. Fill out the money order at the counter with a retail associate.\n 5. Pay the dollar value of the money order plus the issuing fee.\n 6. Keep your receipt to track the money order.\n\nMoney Order Standards and Guidelines (DMM 509.3)\n\n## Money Order Fees\n\nFees are based on the money order dollar amount.\n\nDollar Amount| Fee \n---|--- \n \n$0.01 to $500.00\n\n|\n\n$1.30 \n \n$500.01 to $1,000.00\n\n|\n\n$1.75 \n \nPostal Military Money Orders (issued by military facilities)\n\n|\n\n$0.45 \n \n## Receiving Money Orders – How to Spot a Fake\n\nBefore accepting a money order, make sure it's real. There are several key\nthings to look at to spot a counterfeit money order.\n\n### Examine the Paper\n\nReal USPS money orders have specific marks and designs to prevent fraud. If\nyou hold the money order up to the light you should see:\n\n * Watermarks of Ben Franklin on the left side repeat top to bottom (circle 1 on image).\n * On the right of the Franklin watermark, a vertical, multicolored thread with the letters “USPS” weaves in and out of the paper to (circle 2 on image).\n\n### Check the Dollar Amounts\n\n * If the dollar amount is discolored, it may have been erased, indicating fraud (circle 3 on image).\n * Make sure the dollar amount is imprinted twice (circle 4 on image).\n * See if the dollar value is too large.\n * Domestic money orders cannot be more than $1,000.\n * International money orders cannot be more than $700 ($500 for El Salvador or Guyana).\n\n### Suspect a Fake?\n\n * If you suspect fraud, call the U.S. Postal Inspection Service at 1-877-876-2455.\n * If you think you’ve been given a fake money order, call the Money Order Verification System at 1-866-459-7822.\n\n## How to Cash Domestic Money Orders\n\nDomestic money orders never expire and they do not accrue interest. Money\norders are cashed for the exact amount on the order.\n\nYou can cash a USPS money order at a Post Office for free. You can also cash\nthem at most banks and some stores. Rural carriers may cash money orders if\nthey have enough money on hand.\n\n### Cashing a Money Order at the Post Office\n\n 1. Do not sign the money order.\n 2. Take a primary photo ID with the money order to any Post Office location.\n 3. Sign the money order at the counter in front of a retail associate.\n\nSee additional requirements for money orders made out to organizations, more\nthan one person, and minors.\n\nCashing Money Orders (DMM 509.3.3)\n\n## Check the Status of a Money Order\n\nYou can check the status of a money order you've purchased from the U.S.\nPostal Service at any time by visiting the Money Orders Application.\n\nMake sure you have the following information for the postal money order you\nwant to check:\n\n * Serial number\n * Post Office number\n * Dollar amount\n\n## Replacing Lost, Stolen, or Damaged Money Orders\n\n### Lost or Stolen Money Orders\n\nYou cannot stop payment on postal money orders, but a lost or stolen money\norder can be replaced.\n\n * Money order loss or theft may take up to 30 days to confirm.\n * Investigating a money order's lost or stolen status may take up to 60 days.\n * There is a $6.25 processing fee to replace a lost or stolen money order.\n\n### Requesting a Refund\n\n 1. Take your money order receipt to any Post Office location.\n 2. Talk to a retail associate at the counter to start a Money Order Inquiry.\n 3. After starting the inquiry, you will be able to check the status of your money order and inquiry progress by visiting the Money Orders Application.\n 4. When your money order is confirmed lost or stolen, we’ll issue you a replacement money order.\n\n### Damaged Money Orders\n\nWe'll replace money orders that are defective or damaged. Take the damaged\nmoney order and your receipt to your local Post Office location to get a\nreplacement.\n\n## Money Orders between the USPS & Japan Post\n\nAs of March 2020, the Postal Service^TM no longer sells international postal\nmoney orders destined for Japan or cashes international postal money orders\nissued by Japan Post. If you have not yet cashed a Japan Post-issued money\norder, please return it to the sender.\n\nOn July 10, 2020, Japan Post stopped cashing international postal money orders\nissued by the Postal Service. (Japan Post stopped selling international postal\nmoney orders destined for the U.S. on December 31, 2019.)\n\nCopyright © USPS. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://money.howstuffworks.com:80/personal-finance/online-banking/money-order-online1.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170924173220/http://money.howstuffworks.com:80/personal-finance/online-banking/money-order-online1.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Sending an Online Money Order - Can you get a money order online?", "passages": [ "As with anything banking-related, fees, payment limits and methods for online money orders vary by company. For example, if you buy an online money order from Payko -- arguably the leading company offering money orders over the Internet -- you can pay using your PayPal account, which is either linked to your bank account or your credit or debit card. Although convenient, Payko's customers don't have the flexibility of physical transactions, as the service presently limits each account to a single $200 online money order per day. According to their Web site, this is the highest money order amount currently available online.", "However, using Payko is going to cost a bit more than sending a traditional money order. The company's fees range from $3.49 to $4.99, plus up to 5.49 percent of the total amount being sent. Also, unlike standard Internet transactions, the exchange is not instantaneous. A physical money order is still printed, and it can also take several days for it to be sent out, depending on the type of service and delivery method you choose. For example, sending the money order via express mail is pricier, at $15, than standard first class mail, which is free but takes longer.", "There are a few other Web sites offering online money orders, but most of them are based in India, and both you and the recipient must be in the country in order to use these services. Other companies advertise online money orders, but actually offer money transfers, which are not the same thing.", "We must state, however, that the online money order business is a volatile industry. While researching information for this article, we came across several Web-based companies that apparently offered money orders but had recently shut down. Even the Payko Web site went down for several days between the time this article was written and its publication.", "Before purchasing an online money order, do a bit of research to make sure the company is reliable, especially if they appear to be recently established. If you're at all unsure, you may want to head down to your local bank, post office or grocery store to buy one in person. It might not be as convenient, but it'll cost less, and you won't have to worry about the legitimacy of the transaction.", "There have been numerous scams, particularly targeting the elderly, where callers claim to be a family member in financial distress. The victim then unwittingly sends a money order to a con artist. It's important to be extremely careful when sending a money order because once it's been cashed, there's usually no going back." ] }, "parsed_md": "Sending an Online Money Order - Can you get a money order online? |\nHowStuffWorks\n\nMoney\n\n 1. HowStuffWorks\n\n 2. Money\n\n 3. Personal Finance\n\n 4. Online Banking\n\n# Can you get a money order online?\n\nby Alia Hoyt\n\nSending an Online Money Order\n\nPrev NEXT\n\nAs with anything banking-related, fees, payment limits and methods for online\nmoney orders vary by company. For example, if you buy an online money order\nfrom Payko -- arguably the leading company offering money orders over the\nInternet -- you can pay using your PayPal account, which is either linked to\nyour bank account or your credit or debit card. Although convenient, Payko's\ncustomers don't have the flexibility of physical transactions, as the service\npresently limits each account to a single $200 online money order per day.\nAccording to their Web site, this is the highest money order amount currently\navailable online.\n\nHowever, using Payko is going to cost a bit more than sending a traditional\nmoney order. The company's fees range from $3.49 to $4.99, plus up to 5.49\npercent of the total amount being sent. Also, unlike standard Internet\ntransactions, the exchange is not instantaneous. A physical money order is\nstill printed, and it can also take several days for it to be sent out,\ndepending on the type of service and delivery method you choose. For example,\nsending the money order via express mail is pricier, at $15, than standard\nfirst class mail, which is free but takes longer.\n\nKeep Reading Below\n\nThere are a few other Web sites offering online money orders, but most of them\nare based in India, and both you and the recipient must be in the country in\norder to use these services. Other companies advertise online money orders,\nbut actually offer money transfers, which are not the same thing.\n\nWe must state, however, that the online money order business is a volatile\nindustry. While researching information for this article, we came across\nseveral Web-based companies that apparently offered money orders but had\nrecently shut down. Even the Payko Web site went down for several days between\nthe time this article was written and its publication.\n\nBefore purchasing an online money order, do a bit of research to make sure the\ncompany is reliable, especially if they appear to be recently established. If\nyou're at all unsure, you may want to head down to your local bank, post\noffice or grocery store to buy one in person. It might not be as convenient,\nbut it'll cost less, and you won't have to worry about the legitimacy of the\ntransaction.\n\nMoney Order Scams\n\nThere have been numerous scams, particularly targeting the elderly, where\ncallers claim to be a family member in financial distress. The victim then\nunwittingly sends a money order to a con artist. It's important to be\nextremely careful when sending a money order because once it's been cashed,\nthere's usually no going back.\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * 3\n * NEXT\n\nPrint | Citation & Date | Reprint\n\nPrint | Citation & Date | Reprint\n\n### More to Explore\n\n### Related Content\n\nHow Fraud Prevention Works\n\n5 Kitchen Decorating Ideas on a Budget\n\nAre layaway plans or credit cards better for saving money?\n\nIs it best to shop with cash, credit or debit?\n\nWhat happens to your debt when you die?\n\nHow to Shop for the Holidays All Year Round\n\n### Today's Headlines\n\nExtraordinary, Eccentric and Eerie: Our Best Stories You Might Have Missed\nThis Week\n\nDotard, Slumgullion, and Other Gloriously Archaic Insults\n\nPeople Will Go to Bizarre Lengths to Pass a Drug Test\n\n### Most Popular\n\nWhat's the No. 1 reason people go into debt?\n\nHow the Rolling Jubilee Works\n\nHow to Avoid Travel Fees\n\nHow to Apply for a Car Loan\n\nHow to Get a Credit Card After Bankruptcy\n\n### More to Explore\n\nAdvertise With Us\n\n * About\n * Shows\n * Privacy\n * Ad Choices\n * Terms\n\n * Store\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Help\n * Reprints\n\nCopyright © 2017 HowStuffWorks, a division of InfoSpace Holdings LLC\n\nNewsletter\n\nGet the best of HowStuffWorks by email. Keep up to date on:\n\n * Latest Buzz\n * Stuff Shows & Podcasts\n * Tours\n * Weird & Wacky\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.dansdeals.com/archives/35174", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170628065705/http://www.dansdeals.com/archives/35174", "parsed_text": { "title": "What Not To Do: How To Avoid Having Your Account Closed", "passages": [ "Banks don’t close down accounts for no reason. I have significant point balances in currencies like Chase Ultimate Rewards and American Express Membership Rewards and don’t sweat it because I avoid risky behavior (even if I do have a couple dozen cards from those 2 banks). The 3rd major transferable point program, Starwood Starpoints, is not affected even if your card is closed.", "Those that are more risk-averse or who engage in riskier activity should definitely look into transferring your points to an airline where they will be safe. However points are far more versatile when they’re in a transferable point system as you can wait until you want to redeem for travel before locking them into a single program. In this post from a year ago I talked about some of the best Chase transfer options.", "If you are hit by a financial review from American Express (F/R) they will ask for your tax returns. As long as you made money on the books and filed a return you should pass the review. Your credit lines may be reduced if your taxes show less income than you reported when you applied for the card. If you make nothing on the books then you can ask if they will accept your bank statements. If they won’t just go ahead and close the accounts yourself so that it doesn’t say closed by creditor on your credit report. American Express will allow you to transfer Membership Rewards points even if you are under financial review.", "Other banks like Citi and Chase can take adverse action (A/A) if they feel you are a risky customer. In these cases that may reduce your credit lines or close your cards. Some people have been able to get the bank to reconsider and reopen their cards, so it’s definitely worth trying to appeal. With Citibank ThankYou points the points have been confiscated. With Chase some people have had points confiscated while others have been able to appeal and transfer the points or at least get 1 cent per point even if the decision to have their cards closed remains final.", "Typically these things can happen when you have several risk factors and the bank decides it’s too risky to have you as a customer. Here are activities you should try to avoid:", "-Using the majority of the credit line on any given card. Ideally for your credit score you want to use as little of your available credit on any given card as possible. This can be accomplished by paying off 99.9% of your bill before your statement generates or by using business cards.", "Even if you do that the bank will not like seeing you use too much of a credit line as it can mean that you are racking up a bill that you won’t pay. Excessive spend is a trigger for financial review and adverse action. As with everything in life, moderation is key.", "-Uploading gift cards online to Bluebird. Bluebird now allows you to upload $100 per day online from your debit card for free. Don’t do it from a gift card as it’s a definite trigger to get your account suspended. Far better off going to WalMart and using their ATM machine or any cashier to load a gift card on Bluebird. Besides for being able to do 10x the amount per Bluebird card it takes away a huge risk factor. But for gosh sake if you load with a cashier just say that you want to load your Bluebird from your debit card and don’t say you want to use a gift card.", "Or just buy Vanilla Reloads from stores like CVS which transfer to Bluebird online without any issues. Most CVS stores will take credit cards but even in the same store some cashiers may decide not to allow it while others will. When I was in Miami last year the cashier in the front said no but the pharmacy did it without a problem.", "Personally I also avoid making online Bluebird transfers to checking accounts. Better off paying off your credit card bills, rent, mortgage, or even writing a Bluebird check to your spouse. However I wouldn’t deposit that check into an account with a bank that I have credit cards with. I also don’t have Amazon Payments deposit my balance into an account with a bank that I have credit cards with.", "-Having too much total credit. It’s been said in the past that having a credit line over $25K on any American Express card can trigger a financial review. If your credit lines are far beyond the income that you report it can also be a red flag.", "-Not paying your bills on time and/or carrying large balances. These actions will lower your credit score significantly. If your score has a big drop it can trigger action from other banks besides the one where you had a late bill or carry a large balance with.", "-Using your credit line multiple times in a month Banks don’t love it when you pay off your bill several times in middle of a month just in order to be able to spend beyond what your monthly credit line is.", "-Transferring/Receiving Ultimate Rewards points to/from another Ultimate Rewards points account that belongs to someone besides you or your spouse. This is a known way to get your Chase accounts shut down. Anecdotal evidence is that transfers directly to someone else’s airline/hotel account (as opposed to Ultimate Rewards account) is safe, though a couple people have reported that they think it may be a trigger as well.", "-Depositing excessive cash or money orders into a checking account. Banks don’t like to see excessive cash/money order deposits into a checking account as it can look like money laundering. If you do that with a bank that you have a credit card with it can cause a shutdown of both your checking account and your credit cards.", "-Having a 3rd party pay off a credit card bill or deposit a check into your account. Pay off your own credit card bills from your own bank account. Don’t deposit checks that aren’t made out to you.", "-Paying for the mistakes of others at your address. Typically when a bank does a financial review or decides to close accounts they will go after all accounts located at the same address.", "i usually use my credit Line a few times a month mainly because it is a small CL....according to you that CAN (not definite) cause an A/A or F/R....what do you suggest?", "For paying bills, is it a red flag to pay during the month, if you use up all your credit? Meaning, i usually pay twice a month. Once a day before it prints and then the rest when its due.", "If i pay my credit card from someone else account but its written out to the credit card company, is that ok?", "@dan i have a few but i prefer to do my spending on Chase and amex ( which dont have the highest CL’s)", "@chossid: It can be a trigger. A trigger doesn’t mean you will for sure get shut down, but it’s something that you should definitely avoid.", "So if you are buying vanilla reloads to meet a spending threshold and you have the money in your bluebird account how do you suggest paying the credit card bill. If I need to pay off AMEX can I deposit money from Bluebird to Chase account and pay AMEX from there? I would never pay a chase credit card this way but what about amex. For Chase I have a credit union account that I could use. Any advice?", "@Susan: I wouldn’t worry about paying an AMEX card directly from Bluebird online. Much better than making a Bluebird transfer to a Chase checking account online.", "With respect, I don’t think that’s a solution. The problem is the amount you are charging relative to your income.", "For example, say you have a declared income of $10k/month, but you are charging $10k of Vanilla Reloads per month. In the bank’s eyes, how can anyone with an income of $10k/mo. afford to charge $10k/month? Even if you are cycling the funds and paying off the balance, that must raise a red flag.", "I got a nasty Financial Review from Amex this year even though I was paying off my card every few days after buying Vanilla Reloads. Yes, they reinstated my accounts after reducing my lines, and my income is not insignificant. They also put limits on my Platinum and PRG cards.", "I don’t care about Amex, but I worry if I will run into the same problem with Chase even though I pay my cards in full every month.", "Dan, with chase it doesn’t matter if you have risky behavior or not, they close checking and credit card accounts even when their is nothing wrong, if you gave a check to someone who was closed for any reason, you will be closed too. they believe in אוי לרשע ואוי לשכנו and nothing will help.", "@Al: The 99.9% is mainly to improve your credit score. But the main thing is not to use the majority of your line and not to reuse your line several times during a month.", "@David: That’s BS. Banks don’t close people for no reason at all. There’s going to be some trigger that set it off.", "@dan, I think you didn’t do enough reserch yet, I know of many bank accounts / credit card accounts without the above reson who were closed, the last reason “Paying for the mistakes of others at your address.” Makes the most sense, with one correction, its not the address, its more likely the State you live in.......", "What abt 3bm’s in general or just opening too many cards in a short period of time (even with small credit lines)?", "@ben: Right, they’re just going to close everyone in a state. You do know they’re not stupid. People may not like admitting that they made a mistake, but there’s always going to be a reason for their action.", "I have deposited bluebird checks into my chase account where I have a few credit cards. Do you think that in itself puts me at risk of getting reviewed by Chase?", "@Zack: I don’t believe that for a second, those are ridiculous allegations. Again, the banks aren’t stupid. Do you have any idea what kind of lawsuit that would make?!?", "Now if multiple people all transferred points to the same broker, or all had their credit card bills paid directly from the same person, or have the same address, or all deposited points into the same airline account that those would definitely be a trigger.", "Are you saying not to pay online from someone else bank account is that even with the same last name?", "Great post Dan, though I would probably try to think of better post title. Maybe “How to avoid getting your accounts closed down” or something that is far less vague than “what not to do”.", "Dan; I didn’t know all this information, and have been charging about $3500 on my Chase Ink card that has a $2,000 credit limit, paying off most of it before it even bills. I have all my business and personal bank accounts with Chase. This is the only creditcard we have aside for a Capital One Secured Card. What should I do at this point? Should I call and ask for a credit increase based on my history with Chase?", "@Dan, Currently i am taking advantage of 5X card from citi. the CL given to me is 7.5K, but i am spending around 30K by paying off multiple times a month. According to your post it is risky, but i don’t see any other way to milk this offer. Do you have any suggestions?", "Just wondering, this whole idea of not using someone else’s check or bank acct for payment, how does that go hand-in-hand with amex or chase’s encouragement of AUs. Am I expected to have the AU dep the money in MY bank acct for the payment?", "@Anon: Just stop doing that. Better off applying for a new card that asking for an increase. Both involve a hard pull but at least you’ll get miles for it with a new card.", "@Sam: Citi is very trigger happy with their 5x cards and they go back many years for misdeeds. Use those points while you can as Citi is just vicious with those cards.", "@Yitz: It’s sheer idiocy. The notion that a bank would just randomly “close everybody” or target people of a certain religion is quite possibly the dumbest thing I’ve ever heard.", "While I agree that there must be a reason as Dan wrote, by many people it can be extremely minor and unavoidable. I don’t Believe that Chase is closing accounts out of the blue, but it might that they target certain areas to be more careful. I personally know many people that their accounts were closed that none of the above reasons apply. The explanation they got from the representative was just, we decided that your total credit limit of all cards (including other banks) is too high. This reason is unavoidable, when you open cards and use them carefully. So, just follow Dan’s advice, but be prepared for a sudden shutdown! Don’t let your points sit in Chase for to long..", "If your Blue Bird Account is “suspended” because you took advantage of them now allowing you to transfer debit card value to your Blue Bird account (and you used a gift card debit card) any advice/experience what to tell them when it comes out a gift card type debit card was used. They are asking for proof of identity and a copy of the card and the bank statement for the debit card. Thanks, Dan", "@ Dan, The muslims, have actually engaged in a law suit in June for targeting the arab community, so don’t say its not possible, a branch manager explained me that they know the areas who are community based, & when they fear a risk of one account, the chain is endless http://moneyjihad.wordpress.com/2013/06/21/chase-assesses-risk-closes- suspected-accounts/", "I try to buy $15k of VRs per month. I like to use the UA Club card for the 1.5x. If I charge say $5k and pay it off within a few days can I use that card again or should I be using other cards for the remaining purchases? Is paying off your charges immediately a good or bad thing?", "@Dan — would you recommend closing some cards if your total CL exceeds your annual income? Does the analysis change if you regularly apply for new cards?", "If I need to get money out of bb and want to give it to my wife, should I write her a bb check or “pay” her online?", "How can he answer that question? Having a 19K credit line in the abstract isn’t necessarily bad. However, if you’re stated income is $10,000 and your reported income is half that, it’d very much be a problem.", "No offense, but based on the recent round of closures, putting $15k/mo of CVS charges isn’t a red flag, it’s a firey orange flag with fireworks. Sheer stupidity IMO.", "Banks will do whatever it is they need to do to protect their assets. They can always deny the allegations, just as the IRS denies that they targeted Tea Party groups.", "Let’s not be naive here. You can be certain that between Brooklyn and Lakewood, (two tiny dots on a huge map) a disproportionate amount of points and miles are being racked up, relative to other communities across the U.S.", "When it comes to Amex SBS, you think they don’t see that a disproportionate amount of the credits are coming from certain places?", "Based on my own experience, outside of the DD/DDF and FT communities, most people don’t have a clue about the value of miles and points, and end up using them for either overpriced tickets or cashing them out for overpriced items.", "Selling Ultimate Rewards is against the T&C of the program. Violating those terms makes you subject to account closure. So, in short: yes.", "@Dan : if I am paying my bills ontime with no problems, why would the bank care if I am paying it multiple times to offset a low credit limit? For some reason my Amex has a very low limit of 2K, despite my Master card having over 18k limit. I have 4 users on the amex card and spend 20K/month and everything is paid off before the bill comes out. Why would that trigger a review, and if it does what is their to review? I am not doing anything illegal or against the policy of Amex, would they close my account?", "Thanks Dan, but I think your post should have been about Chase only. They are by far the most aggressive – especially of late. Amex and Citi are in the minor leagues compared to Chase.", "“Dan, I disagree with your premise that banks would never target Jewish communities for fear of a lawsuit. Banks will do whatever it is they need to do to protect their assets.”", "Make no mistake about it, a class action suit by the targeted group or even better, a suit by the CFPB against Chase for discrimination will cause exponentially", "And if you think Lakewood or Brooklyn even shows up on the radar of Chase, I think it is you who are the one who is being naive. Granted, it may be slightly more concentrated, but compared to the FT and MP communities, these locales wouldn’t make the grade.", "my credit limit is $2000, and I sometimes use it more then that after I pay off in middle of the month. is that bad that they should close my account?", "i usually pay off my credit card bills with a third party check made out to chase, does that mean that im in trouble now? should i transfer my point out of chase???", "“Make no mistake about it, a class action suit by the targeted group or even better, a suit by the CFPB against Chase for discrimination will cause exponentially", "Incorrect, as they can claim they are not targeting a race or religion, but rather a geographical location. All the banks around the Brooklyn area flat- out stopped accepting the dollar coins from the U.S. mint, was that a basis for a class action lawsuit?", "If you think that Brooklyn and Lakewood are not showing up on their radar, at least in terms of point and miles activity, I have a bridge to sell you...", "I have multiple business cc from American Express and I’m paying it off from a few different accounts none of that under my name and one of those is under the business name does this trigger a review? And what are my best option if I don’t want to use my account", "First,to quote Denzel Washington, “it’s not what you know, it’s what you can prove.” The mere allegation that Chase is targeting a religious demographic will be enough damage that they’d endeavor to stay from away from it.", "Second, you need to research “discrimination by proxy” and then get back to me about the viability of “hey, prosecutor, we were just targeting 11201, not anything to do with the people living there!”", "I just went to walmart to load some gift/debit cards on to my bluebard but they said I needed to have a pin for my debit card. But can you get a pin for a gift debit card?", "Is it bad to pay off my chase ink bill with bluebird? Ive been buying gift cards at office stores and depositing it into my bluebird and using it to pay off my ink bill. is this too risky? is there a better way of doing it?", "is paying my credit card bill with a check that someone else sent me (made out to my name) dangerous?", "if i sold points – ie, transferred chase points into someone else’d united account does that mean i’m in danger of being shut down?", "also if my credit limit is above my income- should i call to lower it? does credit limit go by bank or by all banks together?", "Is it okay to pay credit card bill with a non for profit / company check. I do not want to get reviewed. Why should they care where the money is from ?", "darn I just deposited a blue bird check into my own chase account to pay credit card hey dan how is credit utalization calculated .is it the total of your credit (including the credit from being authorized user ) or by how much of each card ?", "@AJK: @Dan — would you recommend closing some cards if your total CL exceeds your annual income? Does the analysis change if you regularly apply for new cards?", "@peretz770. you can call the number on back of debit card and there should be option to make a new pin. I think option 4. Otherwise the default pin is usually the last 4 numbers on front of card. Hatzlacha", "Thanks u r the best just 1 q. u write about not depositing AP and not BB but what about charging AP?", "nice article! “-Having a 3rd party pay off a credit card bill or deposit a check into your account. Pay off your own credit card bills from your own bank account. Don’t deposit checks that aren’t made out to you.” Im wondering if you can have the 3rd party write “chase” (for example) as the payee and pay your bill in a branch..", "@Joel L.: Chase is more draconian. They simply suspend your account, do an internal review w/o any request for info from you. When that happens, you’re most likely screwed. Amex’s FR is great by comparison.", "@Targeting communities: Again, they’re not closing people for no reason or for where they live. It’s based on risk based triggers. And it’s nowhere near as widespread as some fear-mongers would have you believe.", "@menachem: I would definitely stop doing that. But just because you engage in one risky behavior doesnt mean you’ll get burned.", "@Targeting communities: Not taking dollar coins has nothing to do with shutting people down. They don’t shut people down based on their location or religion, this is utter narishkeit.", "@Happy: 1. There are better ways to do that as I wrote in the post. 2. Not a good idea at all. 3. Another bad idea. 4. This is unknown if it’s a trigger.", "@Happy: They look primarily at their own bank but they may look at all banks if they’re looking into you anyway.", "@Dan: Dan, please put your reply to questions right after the question. (not like now, that after 20 questions you put 20 answers) thanks great post keep up the good work", "are you suggesting people move out points now even if they never transferred UR anywhere? and anybody may be a risky account to chase these days?", "@eli: When you’re paying for the advice you can dictate terms 😉 Until then click on the name to see what I am replying to.", "regarding amazon payments, i charge $1,000 on a chase credit card, deposit the funds into my chase checking account, and then pay the cc bill from my checking account. How bad is that- a trigger or not? How can I get around doing this, if I don’t have any bank accounts outside Chase (nor do I have Bluebird).", "so otherwise if never moved points to anyone you wouldn’t advise to move anything now even with many chase card accounts including business cards doing regular daily transactions?", "dan do you think customers should not leave for too long their UR sitting by chase rather use em? what amount is too much to let sit there? and what do you consider long? thanks", "HI DAN- I need help I am looking to cancel my SPG card as the year is up. I wanted to transfer my credit line from there to my blue card. They are giving me a problem and asking for all kinds of information. Is it worth it to keep the card or should I just cancel it????", "what if i transfered my son’s ur points to mine. she has the same last name but lives in another address. is this a trigger point? should i worry?", "@israel: I don’t think it’s necessary but if you know where you want to move them anyway then go ahead.", "@Me g: If you don’t need the Starwood card then just cancel it. It still stays on to help your credit history for 10 years though the loss of the line may cost you a few points (that you can recoup when you open another card).", "Ok bec I have 20K credit line hate to see it just go. But transferring it is becoming a problem and a credit pull. So canceling that much doesn’t affect my credit w Amex in any way???", "just one thing im still confused with: i thought that before canceling a card you should always transfer credit so ive been doing that with my cards. is it better to lose the credit if my total credit line will be above my income?", "also can you post the link of the post where you write how to manage amazon payments (ie- what to do with the money in your account). Thanks!", "Dan, if u have dozens of credit cards, u must have a very high credit line. How isn’t that a problem for you ? ( I think the cc companies let the famous bloggers get approved for anything. Free pr, while the average joe has a hard time getting approved & then get shut down)", "@Happy: I don’t have a good answer for you. Lowering your credit lines will hurt your score somewhat. Plenty of people have more credit than income, but it can be a trigger. Or it may not be.", "@Average Joe: Plenty of people have more credit than income and most of them don’t have any issues. It’s a combination of risk factors that becomes a problem.", "And companies couldn’t care less about that I’m a blogger. I get absolutely no special treatment with my own cards.", "dan is it okay to ask for more credit on a chase business card like move from a personal to the business?", "Then how do u have such an easy time with recon, while they are busy telling everyone else either that they can’t have 3 cards within spicific amount of time, or they refuse to move credit over.", "And who said it’s easy? It’s just about knowing what to ask for and being compassionate. And knowing how to HUCA. Hundreds of others have been able to accomplish the same thing, just read DDF.", "What would you recommend for someone not so credit card savvy, that wants to start off with getting credit cards to get points or money. Looking at this post get’s me nervous because it looks like if I don’t know what I’m doing I have a lot to lose. I also don’t think I’m going to spend the proper time to figure it all out. So are there any simple rules (even if I won’t make as much) that I can follow where I won’t run into any trouble? Thanks", "@HP: If you aren’t involved in anything now that what would you have to lose? Worst case scenario is back to where you are now.", "Open a few great cards and enjoy the rewards, simple as that. If you want to get more involved then come back to this post to know what not to do.", "Don’t be so humble. Of course they know who u are. Every time a blogger writes a great review on a card or hotel stay, thousands sign up for it.", "Does solid credit i mean 13 year history score in the 800s solid mortgage payment history, have anything to worry about $35k personal line and $10k biz, total of 6 cards with them 4 pf the cards came from 2 difrent 2bms, one vanilla reload purchase which i funded the bb and straight into my chase checking from there", "While their online marketing team may know my name that has nothing to do with Recon or with their loss prevention team or any other internal department.", "I go through the same interrogation as anyone else goes through, there is no special note on my file (though it sure would be nice if there was!)", "Dan, how do you pull it off with recon, I was on with them the last few days for 2 southwest cards. Every time I call they tell me that the first recon rep explained everything to me and that they agree with the first rep. I only have 3 other chase cards,2 from a while ago, they don’t let me move credit over, they say I have “sufficient credit with chase” whatever that means.", "Dan i want to do a 4bm with chase(ink bold, plus, SP, BA- your links of course) do you recommend I go for it? TIA", "so I have the Ink bold and the year was up and got charged with annual fee can I still change it for classic and have the charge removed? will it affect anything on my credit? thanks dan", "I change my sapphire account to a freedom card iwanna apply now for a sappihire account in order to transfer the points can it trigger a problem?", "DO I need to re-apply if that has happened? (Too much usage on the card – always paid on time but F/R was kinda shady so they closed the account. Wish I would’ve read about closing it myself if they were going to cancel the account)", "i don’t understand the amazon payments thing. let’s say someone sends me $1000 and i put it in my Chase bank. then i use my chase credit card to send someone else $1000 that’s a problem? Is it only a problem if I send the same person back the $1000. What if I use a non-Chase card to send the $1000 back.", "Last time i transferred UR points to a 3rd party UR account was a good 11 months ago, haven’t transferred since, trigger out not?", "just to clarify if someone writes a check to amex every month and i put my amex acct on the bottom to pay my acct is that a trigger and why", "Hay Dan U mentioned about Amex when they fr you they go for the entire family also Well both my bros got fr in the past year I never started with them Ok so besides צדקה תהלים סיום שס תפילה and of course ואהבת לראך כמוך any other advise not to get fr by them 😁", "Great post! Very informative. Is paying with a different check a trigger on a business card as well? I always have my work pay off my monthly expenses directly to chase and amex...", "What if I never have enough money in my checking account and usually pay my cc bill with cash or checks made out to me at my local branch? I have other people using my cc and usually tell them to make the check payable to Chase, why would that be a problem? I never did anything risky otherwise, no BB, no Amazon, haven’t opened a card in more than a year, never transferred any points out... need I worry?", "Sorry to say, but you are forsure getting treatment because you’r a big famous guy, nobody gets approved each time these specials come out for all card, example I know alot of people who applied for the ink bold and ink plus when there was the special for 60k, they were only approved for 1, so you are for sure getting better service", "@Banana: Having it say closed by creditor doesn’t affect your score any more than closed by you. It just doesn’t look good.", "@Average Joe:: Stop talking out of your tuchus. Dozens of DDF guys were able to do the same thing by calling and knowing what to say.", "Thank you Dan for all the time u spent Answering all of our questions this is a very hard topic to deal with but we know who the ask and we appreciate you answering this is probably the most answered comments I have ever seen in a long time and I’m grateful for that 😀 For the internet world why are you questioning dan the answers and Asking again u think really is true or I think u wrong you do this cc hoking for 15 years you make a blog site and then you can Maybe have say in the matter till then shut up and be happy u have a mentor to ask hard complex questions to", "Chase closed all 4 of my accounts and 2 of my wifes without explanation. Was spending 15k+ monthly and paying in full (a few k was paid in cash every month). Tried calling many times but they would not reconsider. Does that mean that I am blacklisted or can I apply for a new chase card again?", "I know someone who defaulted on a chase account and them settled and paid in fulll 5 years ago. He had the account removed from all 3 bureaus and score os above 750 but chase will not give him credit. he is blacklisted even though there is no mention of any cjase account on all 3 bureaus!", "thank you so much Dan for clearing up all my questions, just for reading all the commons i got all the info i needed, thnx for taking the time to answer everyone!!!! you the best", "what did you mean Having a 3rd party pay off a credit card bill or deposit a check into your account.", "If someone in u house is carrying a big balance with Amex does the effect everybody else who applies for that address", "“What about paying a credit card with bluebird check? Should be OK, but personally Id avoid doing it with Chase for the time being.” Why? And why only Chase?", "“Under 10% is good. Under 1% is even better” Do you know this for a fact? I signed up for transunion free trial, and they said there that to have moderate utilization is better than very low.", "Dan wrote, “Or just buy Vanilla Reloads from stores like CVS which transfer to Bluebird online without any issues.” pls let me know how to do that online, my neighborhood walmart makes me problems like letting me load only $200 per day..", "I am surprised no has mentioned anything about the new Amex Serve card. Card is not new but at CVC no purchase fee until 12/13. Is this another way to pay mortgage bill like bluebird? is this card risky?? Dan no post on this no purchase fee period?", "@Dan: Can you get AA’d by Chase by adding an employee to your Ink Card that previously defaulted? Does an employee card have any effect on the employee’s credit?", "dan besides your massive knowledge, your sense of humor is great.after reading this post and all the comments i wanna be on safe side with my ur points. between united and avios, what would you recommend where should i transfer my points?", "@Tolch: If they are hit with a financial review it’s very possible that everyone at that address will be as well.", "@isaac: They are currently shutting people down for suspicious activity. It’s out of an abundance of caution that I recommend doing something else with it.", "@isaac: Maybe for their own methods of creating a FAKO. However a TU free trial comes with a FAKO score not your real FICO score that lenders like AMEX would use to check your score.", "The employee card won’t affect the primary card’s credit-especially because business cards don’t affect your credit anyway. Though if he gets you shut down that could affect your credit.", "Really depends on how you redeem points. Avios are best for really cheap short domestic flights. United miles are best for international trips, flights with stopovers, or longer domestic flights. Don’t forget about Hyatt for excellent hotel value, Southwest for good domestic value, and Korean for amazing first class availability as well.", "I can’t make out what you are saying. In general, when writing, it is wise to use something called “punctuation” so that people can know where your statements start and stop.", "I got a couple of $200 visa gc’s and some $100 mc’s which I purchase during the amex 150 shoprite deal I understand that the mc cannot be directly loaded to bb , cani load it to AP and from there transfer to bb or is that not safe Or do you have any better ideas for me Thanks for this free advice line I wish you would do shalom bayis too 🙂", "Thanks for all the crucial info. Just a bit confused here, if paying a cc with a third party check written out to myself is a potential problem, does that mean it isn’t a good idea to use my paycheck to pay my cc? How else can I possibly do it? ( better if I first deposit my check into my chcking accnt and pay cc through there?) Thanks", "Dan u say adding multiple au’s is a known trigger – what is called A lot 6-7, 15-20 or more like 50 ?", "Thank you Dan for all the time u spent Answering all of our questions this is a very hard topic to deal with but we know who the ask and we appreciate you answering this is probably the most answered comments I have ever seen in a long time and I’m grateful for that 😀 For the internet world why are you questioning dan the answers and Asking again u think really is true? or I think u wrong!?! you (whoever is complaining and saying that Dan is wrong)do this cc hoking/studying for 15 years you make a blog site and then you can Maybe have a say in the matter till then shut up and be happy u have a mentor to ask hard complex questions to Dan .", "Dan is the man and he is here to help and advise not to be harassed for volunteering to help !!!", "dan you write you wouldn’t make a deposit from amazon payments to a checking that you have a card with is that also include AP to BB ?", "@Dan Has Amazon Payments flagged accounts that send multiple smaller denominations to the same person in one month? (Ex: If I empty 5 x $100 Visa GC and 5 x $50 Visa GC to my wife all in a short amount of time will they flag me?)", "Never vouch for someone else to a bank, college, car dealership or other “financial” institution. You’re not a rabbi, don’t give a “haskamah”", "For added security, you will no longer be able to link 4 debit cards to your Account and instead will only be able to link 1 debit card. As a reminder, the debit card must be in your name to successfully link to your Bluebird Account.", "Is this risky? Buying Vanilla Reloads at CVS with Barclays (US Airways) Card. Loading them to Bluebird. Writing myself a Bluebird check to my Chase checking account, $2K for the EFT draft from that Chase account for my son’s private school tuition. I do have a couple of Chase credit cards, I think they’re the Freedom ones. But I mostly use the Vanilla Reload>Bluebird combo to top off my US Airways Dividend Miles. From Bluebird, I pay directly the gas bill, Nordstrom, Discover and also the Barclays/US Airways. I spread it around.", "on a chase ink BIZ card, is it a trigger if a 3rd party pays bill e.g. business is sole proprietorship and check is from someone else or someone else does chase billpay?", "I want to link my mortgage payment from two accounts. One which withdraws most of the funds from Blue Bird and the rest from my regular bank account. Is there any risk?", "cant bealive it but i got a letter in the mail today stating that CHASE is closing my checking account in 3 weeks, i really dont use my checking account much and didnt do anything that could trigger a A/A but thats what i got, and now my credit cards which i uselly pay off with my business check (which i know could trigger...) is still working, and when i called the number that was on the letter i got from chase they told me that my credit cards are working, and the reason for closing my account was cuz of the transactions i made and didnt wanna give specific details (i transferred my UR points out of there! what should i do???", "1. am i ever gonna b able to open a new checking account? 2. are they gonna close my cc as well just a metter of time?", "I attended your 5towns seminar and I already have a HAS advantage card with a lot of points accrued already (280k). Should I wait to use them on an El Al flight, redeem them for cash (1%), or is there a program that I can transfer them to? Any advice would be appreciated. Thanks", "I just received a letter from chase stating that they will close all my and my wifes checking and savings accounts without any explanation other then when I called they said that it states on our account that the Chase Operating Loss Prevention Department left a message on our account that said “We have chosen to exercise our right to terminate our relationship”", "When I called the number for loss prevention, to ask what the deal was and how to correct the situation, they just threated me and said that they are under no obligation to tell me why they are closing my accounts and that If I try to pursue the reason any further. The Chase supervisor I spoke to in loss prevention was very unprofessional and rude.", "I took my financial statements to another bank in town and they looked at my statements and they too could not wrap their head around it. They offered to set me up and get me back in business and said that Chase is one of the most greedy banks around.", "I talked to a chase teller and she said that chase even closed her account in the exact same way for no valid explanation, except that she had to jump through hoops and go through long financial reviews with her employeer to keep her job.", "Just verified that my wifes and my credit scores are 805+ I do not make any cash deposits. I do not engage in any illegal activity. I don’t make late payments. I paid off the home to purchase a car last year. I got a 60K car loan about 5 months ago. I don’t bounce checks and have not had any over withdrawls I have not reported any unknown transactions. I have 4 Hilton AMex Cards and I never use more then 25 % of the credit line in a total month. I recently applied for a citibank visa and was approved two days after the date on the letter received from chase. I applied for the new credit cards because I can get Hilton points and link it to my Hilton Amex cards and I won’t have to use my Chase visa when people don’t accept AMEX. I just have all my utilities, gas and all shopping going on my creidt cards and I just pay off the credit cards weekly so I know where i stand financially.", "I only write about 1 – 3 checks a month for monthly bills that can’t use autopay or a credit card.", "When I called the number for loss prevention, to ask what the deal was and how to correct the situation, they just threated me and said that they are under no obligation to tell me why they are closing my accounts and that If I try to pursue the reason any further, it will bring on a wealth of heartache and grief for my wife and I. I do not need to take this kink of abuse. The Chase supervisor I spoke to in loss prevention was very unprofessional and rude. I just can’t wrap my head around this situation. I have done nothing wrong and have not tried to do any manufactued spending scams, however that is done.", "IM so lost . ok just a ittle lost. Can someone please take out the time to help me please . dan or anyone who knows . Trying to meet a threshold for an amex gold . after buying vanilla reloads ,loading vanilla reloads onto bluebird account whats my next safest bet ? A-Can i just pay off my amex card directly from bluebird ? B-go to atm and pull out cash ? C-write myself a check ? D-write a check to cash ? E- write a friend a check ? F- transfer straight into my own chase account from bluebird and then pay my amex card from there like i usually do ? Thank you anyone who can help. I really appreciate it .", "Any updates to this? Recently seeing a lot more written about Chase closing people down. I’ve had a checking account with Chase for over 10 years, but am definitely contemplating shutting it down, as it seems to often be a trigger for them to look into shutting down Chase credit cards as well. Thoughts? Also going to not sign up for Chase cards more than 2 times per year. Used to be so easy...", "Hi i applied for a chase ink and i called to see the status and they said i should send in tax returns to get a final desicion i didnt put sole prop made a mistake what should i do, should i be nervous what happens if i just ignore it? Please respond thanks", "If you had a chase account closed and your rewards points were forfeited, you can now join a class action (Gao, et al. v. JPMorgan Chase & Co., et al.) to be compensated for chase not letting you redeem your points.", "Advertiser Disclosure: Many of the credit card offers that appear on this site are from credit card companies from which DansDeals.com receives compensation if you are approved. Compensation impacts placement of cards on the credit card page and banner placement, but does not on the articles posted on DansDeals.com. This site does not include all credit card offers available in the marketplace, but rather focuses on travel related cards.", "Editorial Note: This content is not provided or commissioned by the credit card issuer. Opinions expressed here are author’s alone, not those of the credit card issuer, and have not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by the credit card issuer. These responses are not provided or commissioned by the bank advertiser. Responses have not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by the bank advertiser. It is not the bank advertiser’s responsibility to ensure all posts and/or questions are answered.", "Dan's Deals LLC is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com." ] }, "parsed_md": "DansDeals.com » Blog Archive » What Not To Do: How To Avoid Having Your\nAccount Closed\n\n * Credit Cards\n * Barclaycard+Capital One\n * Trip Notes\n * Credit Card+Mileage Posts\n * Dan’s Commentary\n\n# DansDeals.com\n\nOnly The Hottest Deals And Free Stuff!\n\n« Buy A Rachael Ray Dinnerware Set And Get A Free $20 Amazon Gift Card\n\nAshford.com Watch Specials »\n\n## Monday, October 14th, 2013, 12:25 pm\n\n## What Not To Do: How To Avoid Having Your Account Closed\n\nBanks don’t close down accounts for no reason. I have significant point\nbalances in currencies like Chase Ultimate Rewards and American Express\nMembership Rewards and don’t sweat it because I avoid risky behavior (even if\nI do have a couple dozen cards from those 2 banks). The 3rd major transferable\npoint program, Starwood Starpoints, is not affected even if your card is\nclosed.\n\nThose that are more risk-averse or who engage in riskier activity should\ndefinitely look into transferring your points to an airline where they will be\nsafe. However points are far more versatile when they’re in a transferable\npoint system as you can wait until you want to redeem for travel before\nlocking them into a single program. In this post from a year ago I talked\nabout some of the best Chase transfer options.\n\nIf you are hit by a financial review from American Express (F/R) they will ask\nfor your tax returns. As long as you made money on the books and filed a\nreturn you should pass the review. Your credit lines may be reduced if your\ntaxes show less income than you reported when you applied for the card. If you\nmake nothing on the books then you can ask if they will accept your bank\nstatements. If they won’t just go ahead and close the accounts yourself so\nthat it doesn’t say closed by creditor on your credit report. American Express\nwill allow you to transfer Membership Rewards points even if you are under\nfinancial review.\n\nOther banks like Citi and Chase can take adverse action (A/A) if they feel you\nare a risky customer. In these cases that may reduce your credit lines or\nclose your cards. Some people have been able to get the bank to reconsider and\nreopen their cards, so it’s definitely worth trying to appeal. With Citibank\nThankYou points the points have been confiscated. With Chase some people have\nhad points confiscated while others have been able to appeal and transfer the\npoints or at least get 1 cent per point even if the decision to have their\ncards closed remains final.\n\nTypically these things can happen when you have several risk factors and the\nbank decides it’s too risky to have you as a customer. Here are activities you\nshould try to avoid:\n\n-Using the majority of the credit line on any given card. Ideally for your credit score you want to use as little of your available credit on any given card as possible. This can be accomplished by paying off 99.9% of your bill before your statement generates or by using business cards.\n\nEven if you do that the bank will not like seeing you use too much of a credit\nline as it can mean that you are racking up a bill that you won’t pay.\nExcessive spend is a trigger for financial review and adverse action. As with\neverything in life, moderation is key.\n\n-Uploading gift cards online to Bluebird. Bluebird now allows you to upload $100 per day online from your debit card for free. Don’t do it from a gift card as it’s a definite trigger to get your account suspended. Far better off going to WalMart and using their ATM machine or any cashier to load a gift card on Bluebird. Besides for being able to do 10x the amount per Bluebird card it takes away a huge risk factor. But for gosh sake if you load with a cashier just say that you want to load your Bluebird from your debit card and don’t say you want to use a gift card.\n\nOr just buy Vanilla Reloads from stores like CVS which transfer to Bluebird\nonline without any issues. Most CVS stores will take credit cards but even in\nthe same store some cashiers may decide not to allow it while others will.\nWhen I was in Miami last year the cashier in the front said no but the\npharmacy did it without a problem.\n\nPersonally I also avoid making online Bluebird transfers to checking accounts.\nBetter off paying off your credit card bills, rent, mortgage, or even writing\na Bluebird check to your spouse. However I wouldn’t deposit that check into an\naccount with a bank that I have credit cards with. I also don’t have Amazon\nPayments deposit my balance into an account with a bank that I have credit\ncards with.\n\n-Having too much total credit. It’s been said in the past that having a credit line over $25K on any American Express card can trigger a financial review. If your credit lines are far beyond the income that you report it can also be a red flag.\n\n-Not paying your bills on time and/or carrying large balances. These actions will lower your credit score significantly. If your score has a big drop it can trigger action from other banks besides the one where you had a late bill or carry a large balance with.\n\n-Using your credit line multiple times in a month Banks don’t love it when you pay off your bill several times in middle of a month just in order to be able to spend beyond what your monthly credit line is.\n\n-Adding too many additional users. This is a known trigger for an American Express financial review.\n\n-Transferring/Receiving Ultimate Rewards points to/from another Ultimate Rewards points account that belongs to someone besides you or your spouse. This is a known way to get your Chase accounts shut down. Anecdotal evidence is that transfers directly to someone else’s airline/hotel account (as opposed to Ultimate Rewards account) is safe, though a couple people have reported that they think it may be a trigger as well.\n\n-Depositing excessive cash or money orders into a checking account. Banks don’t like to see excessive cash/money order deposits into a checking account as it can look like money laundering. If you do that with a bank that you have a credit card with it can cause a shutdown of both your checking account and your credit cards.\n\n-Having a 3rd party pay off a credit card bill or deposit a check into your account. Pay off your own credit card bills from your own bank account. Don’t deposit checks that aren’t made out to you.\n\n-Getting multiple checking account bonuses. Some people have reported being shut down for getting multiple checking bonuses.\n\n-Paying for the mistakes of others at your address. Typically when a bank does a financial review or decides to close accounts they will go after all accounts located at the same address.\n\nPosted in Credit Cards | By Dan\n\n * Both comments and trackbacks are currently open for this entry.\n * Trackback URI:\n * Comments RSS 2.0\n\n### 172 Responses to “What Not To Do: How To Avoid Having Your Account Closed”\n\n 1. stephen Says: 1\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:31 pm\n\ni usually use my credit Line a few times a month mainly because it is a small\nCL....according to you that CAN (not definite) cause an A/A or F/R....what do\nyou suggest?\n\nReply\n\n 2. Dan Says: 2\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:32 pm\n\n@stephen: Get another credit card so that you don’t have to resort to that.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Joe Says: 3\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:35 pm\n\nSo do they (chase, amex, or starwoods) take the points when they close ur\naccount?\n\nReply\n\n 4. yitz g Says: 4\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:36 pm\n\nDan, great advice! Thanks\n\nFor paying bills, is it a red flag to pay during the month, if you use up all\nyour credit? Meaning, i usually pay twice a month. Once a day before it prints\nand then the rest when its due.\n\nIs this good practice?\n\nReply\n\n 5. Joel L. Says: 5\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:36 pm\n\nDoes chase ever do a financial review?\n\nI have had it with Amex in the past but never with Chase.\n\nReply\n\n 6. chossid Says: 6\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:38 pm\n\nIf i pay my credit card from someone else account but its written out to the\ncredit card company, is that ok?\n\nReply\n\n 7. stephen Says: 7\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:38 pm\n\n@dan i have a few but i prefer to do my spending on Chase and amex ( which\ndont have the highest CL’s)\n\nReply\n\n 8. Dan Says: 8\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:41 pm\n\n@Joe: I’ve updated the post to make it more clear.\n\n@yitz g: The main thing to avoid is spending $10,000 in a month if you line is\nonly $6,000.\n\n@Joel L.: It’s pretty rare.\n\n@chossid: It can be a trigger. A trigger doesn’t mean you will for sure get\nshut down, but it’s something that you should definitely avoid.\n\n@stephen: It’s a trigger.\n\nReply\n\n 9. Susan Says: 9\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:41 pm\n\nSo if you are buying vanilla reloads to meet a spending threshold and you have\nthe money in your bluebird account how do you suggest paying the credit card\nbill. If I need to pay off AMEX can I deposit money from Bluebird to Chase\naccount and pay AMEX from there? I would never pay a chase credit card this\nway but what about amex. For Chase I have a credit union account that I could\nuse. Any advice?\n\nReply\n\n 10. Dan Says: 10\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:43 pm\n\n@Susan: I wouldn’t worry about paying an AMEX card directly from Bluebird\nonline. Much better than making a Bluebird transfer to a Chase checking\naccount online.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Al Says: 11\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:44 pm\n\n@Dan,\n\nYou suggest “paying off 99.9% of your bill before your statement generates”\n\nWith respect, I don’t think that’s a solution. The problem is the amount you\nare charging relative to your income.\n\nFor example, say you have a declared income of $10k/month, but you are\ncharging $10k of Vanilla Reloads per month. In the bank’s eyes, how can anyone\nwith an income of $10k/mo. afford to charge $10k/month? Even if you are\ncycling the funds and paying off the balance, that must raise a red flag.\n\nI got a nasty Financial Review from Amex this year even though I was paying\noff my card every few days after buying Vanilla Reloads. Yes, they reinstated\nmy accounts after reducing my lines, and my income is not insignificant. They\nalso put limits on my Platinum and PRG cards.\n\nI don’t care about Amex, but I worry if I will run into the same problem with\nChase even though I pay my cards in full every month.\n\nReply\n\n 12. David Says: 12\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:45 pm\n\nDan, with chase it doesn’t matter if you have risky behavior or not, they\nclose checking and credit card accounts even when their is nothing wrong, if\nyou gave a check to someone who was closed for any reason, you will be closed\ntoo. they believe in אוי לרשע ואוי לשכנו and nothing will help.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Dan Says: 13\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:46 pm\n\n@Al: The 99.9% is mainly to improve your credit score. But the main thing is\nnot to use the majority of your line and not to reuse your line several times\nduring a month.\n\n@David: That’s BS. Banks don’t close people for no reason at all. There’s\ngoing to be some trigger that set it off.\n\nReply\n\n 14. ben Says: 14\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:47 pm\n\n@dan, I think you didn’t do enough reserch yet, I know of many bank accounts /\ncredit card accounts without the above reson who were closed, the last reason\n“Paying for the mistakes of others at your address.” Makes the most sense,\nwith one correction, its not the address, its more likely the State you live\nin.......\n\nReply\n\n 15. Susan Says: 15\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:48 pm\n\nWhat about paying a credit card with bluebird check?\n\nReply\n\n 16. Yaks Says: 16\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:49 pm\n\nWhat abt 3bm’s in general or just opening too many cards in a short period of\ntime (even with small credit lines)?\n\nReply\n\n 17. Dan Says: 17\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:51 pm\n\n@ben: Right, they’re just going to close everyone in a state. You do know\nthey’re not stupid. People may not like admitting that they made a mistake,\nbut there’s always going to be a reason for their action.\n\nThey just won’t tell you what that reason is.\n\n@Susan: Should be OK, but personally Id avoid doing it with Chase for the time\nbeing.\n\n@Yaks: As long as the lines aren’t too large for your reported income it\nshould be fine.\n\nReply\n\n 18. jack Says: 18\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:52 pm\n\nWhat’s about business credit card?\n\nReply\n\n 19. Thingywingy Says: 19\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:52 pm\n\nI have deposited bluebird checks into my chase account where I have a few\ncredit cards. Do you think that in itself puts me at risk of getting reviewed\nby Chase?\n\nReply\n\n 20. Dan Says: 20\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:53 pm\n\n@jack: Whats about it?\n\n@Thingywingy: I don’t think that by itself would be an issue, though combined\nwith something else it’s a possibility.\n\nIf you’re very nervous though then just transfer your points to whichever\nprogram you think will fit your needs.\n\nReply\n\n 21. Zack Says: 21\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:53 pm\n\n@dan Is it true jewish areas are being targeted? And is switching your Billing\naddress multiple times risky?\n\nReply\n\n 22. Fishing4Deals Says: 22\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:54 pm\n\nGood advice.\n\nReply\n\n 23. Dan Says: 23\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:55 pm\n\n@Zack: I don’t believe that for a second, those are ridiculous allegations.\nAgain, the banks aren’t stupid. Do you have any idea what kind of lawsuit that\nwould make?!?\n\nNow if multiple people all transferred points to the same broker, or all had\ntheir credit card bills paid directly from the same person, or have the same\naddress, or all deposited points into the same airline account that those\nwould definitely be a trigger.\n\nReply\n\n 24. mileschurner Says: 24\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:57 pm\n\n@Zack: that never sounds like a good idea..\n\nReply\n\n 25. Avi Says: 25\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 12:58 pm\n\nAre you saying not to pay online from someone else bank account is that even\nwith the same last name?\n\nReply\n\n 26. Dan Says: 26\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:00 pm\n\n@Avi: Same last name is less risky but still, why add any risk unless you\nabsolutely have to?\n\nReply\n\n 27. Zack Says: 27\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:00 pm\n\n@dan thanks, can switching your Billing address once or twice be a trigger?\n\nReply\n\n 28. yuneeq Says: 28\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:02 pm\n\nGreat post Dan, though I would probably try to think of better post title.\nMaybe “How to avoid getting your accounts closed down” or something that is\nfar less vague than “what not to do”.\n\nReply\n\n 29. Anon Says: 29\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:02 pm\n\nDan; I didn’t know all this information, and have been charging about $3500 on\nmy Chase Ink card that has a $2,000 credit limit, paying off most of it before\nit even bills. I have all my business and personal bank accounts with Chase.\nThis is the only creditcard we have aside for a Capital One Secured Card. What\nshould I do at this point? Should I call and ask for a credit increase based\non my history with Chase?\n\nReply\n\n 30. Yankel Says: 30\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:02 pm\n\nDan remember reading in another post that ideal spending is 10% of credit line\nis that not correct?\n\nReply\n\n 31. Sam Says: 31\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:03 pm\n\n@Dan, Currently i am taking advantage of 5X card from citi. the CL given to me\nis 7.5K, but i am spending around 30K by paying off multiple times a month.\nAccording to your post it is risky, but i don’t see any other way to milk this\noffer. Do you have any suggestions?\n\nReply\n\n 32. Yitz Says: 32\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:03 pm\n\nThis guy on Kol Mevaser was terrifying the Oilem...\n\nReply\n\n 33. yankel Says: 33\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:04 pm\n\nJust wondering, this whole idea of not using someone else’s check or bank acct\nfor payment, how does that go hand-in-hand with amex or chase’s encouragement\nof AUs. Am I expected to have the AU dep the money in MY bank acct for the\npayment?\n\nReply\n\n 34. Dan Says: 34\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:05 pm\n\n@Zack: I wouldn’t do it too often, but once is obviously not going to be an\nissue at all.\n\n@yuneeq: Better now?\n\n@Anon: Just stop doing that. Better off applying for a new card that asking\nfor an increase. Both involve a hard pull but at least you’ll get miles for it\nwith a new card.\n\n@Yankel: Under 10% is good. Under 1% is even better.\n\n@Sam: Citi is very trigger happy with their 5x cards and they go back many\nyears for misdeeds. Use those points while you can as Citi is just vicious\nwith those cards.\n\n@Yitz: It’s sheer idiocy. The notion that a bank would just randomly “close\neverybody” or target people of a certain religion is quite possibly the\ndumbest thing I’ve ever heard.\n\nSee comment 23.\n\n@yankel: He should write you a check and you pay off the bill.\n\nReply\n\n 35. GoldMine Says: 35\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:06 pm\n\nWhile I agree that there must be a reason as Dan wrote, by many people it can\nbe extremely minor and unavoidable. I don’t Believe that Chase is closing\naccounts out of the blue, but it might that they target certain areas to be\nmore careful. I personally know many people that their accounts were closed\nthat none of the above reasons apply. The explanation they got from the\nrepresentative was just, we decided that your total credit limit of all cards\n(including other banks) is too high. This reason is unavoidable, when you open\ncards and use them carefully. So, just follow Dan’s advice, but be prepared\nfor a sudden shutdown! Don’t let your points sit in Chase for to long..\n\nReply\n\n 36. BlueBird123 Says: 36\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:06 pm\n\nIf your Blue Bird Account is “suspended” because you took advantage of them\nnow allowing you to transfer debit card value to your Blue Bird account (and\nyou used a gift card debit card) any advice/experience what to tell them when\nit comes out a gift card type debit card was used. They are asking for proof\nof identity and a copy of the card and the bank statement for the debit card.\nThanks, Dan\n\nReply\n\n 37. yankel Says: 37\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:12 pm\n\n@Dan: What if I’m in a situation that I can’t have such large deposits to my\nbank account?\n\nReply\n\n 38. ben Says: 38\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:12 pm\n\n@ Dan, The muslims, have actually engaged in a law suit in June for targeting\nthe arab community, so don’t say its not possible, a branch manager explained\nme that they know the areas who are community based, & when they fear a risk\nof one account, the chain is endless\nhttp://moneyjihad.wordpress.com/2013/06/21/chase-assesses-risk-closes-\nsuspected-accounts/\n\nReply\n\n 39. Anon Says: 39\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:14 pm\n\n@Dan, Is it better if I apply for another card with Chase, or start with\nanother bank altogether.\n\nReply\n\n 40. bruce Says: 40\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:16 pm\n\ngreat concise and clear post dan!\n\nReply\n\n 41. newcomer Says: 41\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:20 pm\n\nSo if I don’t really have any of those triggers, should I transfer my points\nor not?\n\nReply\n\n 42. joe Says: 42\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:22 pm\n\nif i have 19k credit line should i lower it?\n\nReply\n\n 43. Al Says: 43\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:26 pm\n\nDan,\n\nI try to buy $15k of VRs per month. I like to use the UA Club card for the\n1.5x. If I charge say $5k and pay it off within a few days can I use that card\nagain or should I be using other cards for the remaining purchases? Is paying\noff your charges immediately a good or bad thing?\n\nReply\n\n 44. abe Says: 44\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:27 pm\n\nAre you saying it is not a good idea to sell your CC points?\n\nReply\n\n 45. AJK Says: 45\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:28 pm\n\n@Dan — would you recommend closing some cards if your total CL exceeds your\nannual income? Does the analysis change if you regularly apply for new cards?\n\nReply\n\n 46. Ash Says: 46\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:33 pm\n\nIf I need to get money out of bb and want to give it to my wife, should I\nwrite her a bb check or “pay” her online?\n\nReply\n\n 47. AJK Says: 47\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:36 pm\n\n@joe:\n\nHow can he answer that question? Having a 19K credit line in the abstract\nisn’t necessarily bad. However, if you’re stated income is $10,000 and your\nreported income is half that, it’d very much be a problem.\n\n@Al:\n\nNo offense, but based on the recent round of closures, putting $15k/mo of CVS\ncharges isn’t a red flag, it’s a firey orange flag with fireworks. Sheer\nstupidity IMO.\n\nReply\n\n 48. Targeting communities Says: 48\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:36 pm\n\nDan, I disagree with your premise that banks would never target Jewish\ncommunities for fear of a lawsuit.\n\nBanks will do whatever it is they need to do to protect their assets. They can\nalways deny the allegations, just as the IRS denies that they targeted Tea\nParty groups.\n\nLet’s not be naive here. You can be certain that between Brooklyn and\nLakewood, (two tiny dots on a huge map) a disproportionate amount of points\nand miles are being racked up, relative to other communities across the U.S.\n\nWhen it comes to Amex SBS, you think they don’t see that a disproportionate\namount of the credits are coming from certain places?\n\nBased on my own experience, outside of the DD/DDF and FT communities, most\npeople don’t have a clue about the value of miles and points, and end up using\nthem for either overpriced tickets or cashing them out for overpriced items.\n\nReply\n\n 49. Josh Says: 49\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:37 pm\n\nDan, What about cash payments (at branch) towards credit card bills. Bad idea?\n\nReply\n\n 50. AJK Says: 50\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:37 pm\n\n@abe:\n\nSelling Ultimate Rewards is against the T&C of the program. Violating those\nterms makes you subject to account closure. So, in short: yes.\n\nReply\n\n 51. Farj Says: 51\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:38 pm\n\n@Dan : if I am paying my bills ontime with no problems, why would the bank\ncare if I am paying it multiple times to offset a low credit limit? For some\nreason my Amex has a very low limit of 2K, despite my Master card having over\n18k limit. I have 4 users on the amex card and spend 20K/month and everything\nis paid off before the bill comes out. Why would that trigger a review, and if\nit does what is their to review? I am not doing anything illegal or against\nthe policy of Amex, would they close my account?\n\nReply\n\n 52. ryan Says: 52\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:45 pm\n\nThanks Dan, but I think your post should have been about Chase only. They are\nby far the most aggressive – especially of late. Amex and Citi are in the\nminor leagues compared to Chase.\n\nReply\n\n 53. AJK Says: 53\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:46 pm\n\n@Targeting communities:\n\nYou realize you disproved your own point, right?\n\n“Dan, I disagree with your premise that banks would never target Jewish\ncommunities for fear of a lawsuit. Banks will do whatever it is they need to\ndo to protect their assets.”\n\nMake no mistake about it, a class action suit by the targeted group or even\nbetter, a suit by the CFPB against Chase for discrimination will cause\n*exponentially* more harm to Chase’s bottom line than whatever exposure\nthey’re mitigating by closing these “questionable” accounts.\n\nAnd if you think Lakewood or Brooklyn even shows up on the radar of Chase, I\nthink it is you who are the one who is being naive. Granted, it may be\nslightly more concentrated, but compared to the FT and MP communities, these\nlocales wouldn’t make the grade.\n\nReply\n\n 54. jewish Says: 54\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 1:55 pm\n\nmy credit limit is $2000, and I sometimes use it more then that after I pay\noff in middle of the month. is that bad that they should close my account?\n\nReply\n\n 55. menachem Says: 55\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:01 pm\n\ni usually pay off my credit card bills with a third party check made out to\nchase, does that mean that im in trouble now? should i transfer my point out\nof chase???\n\nReply\n\n 56. Targeting communities Says: 56\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:01 pm\n\n@AJK:\n\n“Make no mistake about it, a class action suit by the targeted group or even\nbetter, a suit by the CFPB against Chase for discrimination will cause\n*exponentially* more harm to Chase’s bottom line than whatever exposure\nthey’re mitigating by closing these “questionable” accounts.”\n\nIncorrect, as they can claim they are not targeting a race or religion, but\nrather a geographical location. All the banks around the Brooklyn area flat-\nout stopped accepting the dollar coins from the U.S. mint, was that a basis\nfor a class action lawsuit?\n\nIf you think that Brooklyn and Lakewood are not showing up on their radar, at\nleast in terms of point and miles activity, I have a bridge to sell you...\n\nReply\n\n 57. Chaim Says: 57\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:14 pm\n\nI have multiple business cc from American Express and I’m paying it off from a\nfew different accounts none of that under my name and one of those is under\nthe business name does this trigger a review? And what are my best option if I\ndon’t want to use my account\n\nReply\n\n 58. AJK Says: 58\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:16 pm\n\n@Targeting communities:\n\nFirst,to quote Denzel Washington, “it’s not what you know, it’s what you can\nprove.” The mere allegation that Chase is targeting a religious demographic\nwill be enough damage that they’d endeavor to stay from away from it.\n\nSecond, you need to research “discrimination by proxy” and then get back to me\nabout the viability of “hey, prosecutor, we were just targeting 11201, not\nanything to do with the people living there!”\n\nWah, wah, wah... all the way to the bank... to pay the massive penalty.\n\nReply\n\n 59. Peretz770 Says: 59\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:17 pm\n\nI just went to walmart to load some gift/debit cards on to my bluebard but\nthey said I needed to have a pin for my debit card. But can you get a pin for\na gift debit card?\n\nReply\n\n 60. Tim Says: 60\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:19 pm\n\nDoes anyone recommend me asking cc companies to decrease credit limits on some\ncards ?\n\nReply\n\n 61. Happy Says: 61\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:24 pm\n\nthanks dan for this post. a few questions here:\n\n1) Is it bad to pay off my chase ink bill with bluebird? Ive been buying gift\ncards at office stores and depositing it into my bluebird and using it to pay\noff my ink bill. is this too risky? is there a better way of doing it?\n\n2) is paying my credit card bill with money orders or cash dangerous?\n\n3) is paying my credit card bill with a check that someone else sent me (made\nout to my name) dangerous?\n\n4) if i sold points – ie, transferred chase points into someone else’d united\naccount does that mean i’m in danger of being shut down?\n\nPLEASE RESPOND!! THANK YOU!!\n\nReply\n\n 62. Happy Says: 62\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:27 pm\n\nalso if my credit limit is above my income- should i call to lower it? does\ncredit limit go by bank or by all banks together?\n\nReply\n\n 63. RJ Says: 63\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:29 pm\n\nIs it okay to pay credit card bill with a non for profit / company check. I do\nnot want to get reviewed. Why should they care where the money is from ?\n\nReply\n\n 64. Daniel Says: 64\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:36 pm\n\n@Peretz770: last four digits of the card\n\nReply\n\n 65. Daniel Says: 65\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:37 pm\n\nWow Dan thanks! What a gr8 post!!\n\nReply\n\n 66. Daniel Says: 66\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:39 pm\n\n@AJK: Ditto. gr8 q. Dan, can you answer?\n\nReply\n\n 67. don Says: 67\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:39 pm\n\ndarn I just deposited a blue bird check into my own chase account to pay\ncredit card hey dan how is credit utalization calculated .is it the total of\nyour credit (including the credit from being authorized user ) or by how much\nof each card ?\n\nReply\n\n 68. Daniel Says: 68\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:40 pm\n\n@AJK: @Dan — would you recommend closing some cards if your total CL exceeds\nyour annual income? Does the analysis change if you regularly apply for new\ncards?\n\nDitto. gr8 q. Dan, can you answer?\n\nReply\n\n 69. maven Says: 69\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:41 pm\n\n@peretz770. you can call the number on back of debit card and there should be\noption to make a new pin. I think option 4. Otherwise the default pin is\nusually the last 4 numbers on front of card. Hatzlacha\n\nReply\n\n 70. Frugal Travel Lawyer Says: 70\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:47 pm\n\nGreat information all in one post thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 71. A Says: 71\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:59 pm\n\nThanks u r the best just 1 q. u write about not depositing AP and not BB but\nwhat about charging AP?\n\nReply\n\n 72. Dogo Says: 72\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 2:59 pm\n\nnice article! “-Having a 3rd party pay off a credit card bill or deposit a\ncheck into your account. Pay off your own credit card bills from your own bank\naccount. Don’t deposit checks that aren’t made out to you.” Im wondering if\nyou can have the 3rd party write “chase” (for example) as the payee and pay\nyour bill in a branch..\n\nReply\n\n 73. sam Says: 73\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 3:14 pm\n\nis this closing accounts going on in Lakewood too or so far only Brooklyn?\n\nReply\n\n 74. Paul Says: 74\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 3:36 pm\n\n@Joel L.: Chase is more draconian. They simply suspend your account, do an\ninternal review w/o any request for info from you. When that happens, you’re\nmost likely screwed. Amex’s FR is great by comparison.\n\nReply\n\n 75. Dan Says: 75\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 3:36 pm\n\n@BlueBird123: Say you didn’t know and beg for mercy?\n\n@yankel: Don’t spend so much?\n\n@newcomer: I wouldn’t but others would disagree. YMMV.\n\n@joe: If you only make $10K/year, sure...\n\n@Al: If your trying to circumvent your credit line it can be a trigger.\n\n@AJK: Might make sense.\n\n@Ash: Either.\n\n@Targeting communities: Again, they’re not closing people for no reason or for\nwhere they live. It’s based on risk based triggers. And it’s nowhere near as\nwidespread as some fear-mongers would have you believe.\n\n@jewish: If you’re doing that to spend $4,000 in a month it can be a trigger.\n\n@menachem: I would definitely stop doing that. But just because you engage in\none risky behavior doesnt mean you’ll get burned.\n\n@Targeting communities: Not taking dollar coins has nothing to do with\nshutting people down. They don’t shut people down based on their location or\nreligion, this is utter narishkeit.\n\n@Chaim: Should be OK.\n\n@Peretz770: For Visa cards just use the last 4 digits of the card number.\n\n@Tim: It can make sense though on the flip side you would be hurting your\ncredit score.\n\n@Happy: 1. There are better ways to do that as I wrote in the post. 2. Not a\ngood idea at all. 3. Another bad idea. 4. This is unknown if it’s a trigger.\n\nBut at this point I’d transfer out my points if I were you.\n\n@Happy: They look primarily at their own bank but they may look at all banks\nif they’re looking into you anyway.\n\n@RJ: For one they don’t want others to launder money through you.\n\n@don: Both.\n\n@Frugal Travel Lawyer: Thanks!\n\n@A: Seems to be fine. Not depositing AP/BB is just using an abundance of\ncaution, not necessarily triggers.\n\n@Dogo: Not a good idea.\n\n@sam: It’s also happening in 48 other states to people who have too many\ntriggers...\n\nReply\n\n 76. eli Says: 76\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 3:37 pm\n\n@abe: how long ago did u hit planet earth lol\n\nReply\n\n 77. eli Says: 77\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 3:44 pm\n\n@AJK: whats FT and MP?\n\nReply\n\n 78. eli Says: 78\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 3:51 pm\n\n@Dan: Dan, please put your reply to questions right after the question. (not\nlike now, that after 20 questions you put 20 answers) thanks great post keep\nup the good work\n\nReply\n\n 79. newcomer Says: 79\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 3:56 pm\n\nDan, thanks for the great post and thanks for the quick response!\n\nReply\n\n 80. israel Says: 80\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 4:00 pm\n\nare you suggesting people move out points now even if they never transferred\nUR anywhere? and anybody may be a risky account to chase these days?\n\nReply\n\n 81. Dan Says: 81\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 4:10 pm\n\n@eli: Flyertalk and milepoint.\n\n@eli: When you’re paying for the advice you can dictate terms 😉 Until then\nclick on the name to see what I am replying to.\n\n@newcomer: YW.\n\n@israel: If you transferred UR-UR of a non-spouae then I wouldn’t keep points\nin my account.\n\nI’m not convinced that UR-airline is problematic and wouldn’t move out points\nfor that alone. YMMV.\n\nReply\n\n 82. bracha Says: 82\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 4:12 pm\n\nregarding amazon payments, i charge $1,000 on a chase credit card, deposit the\nfunds into my chase checking account, and then pay the cc bill from my\nchecking account. How bad is that- a trigger or not? How can I get around\ndoing this, if I don’t have any bank accounts outside Chase (nor do I have\nBluebird).\n\nReply\n\n 83. israel Says: 83\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 4:17 pm\n\nso otherwise if never moved points to anyone you wouldn’t advise to move\nanything now even with many chase card accounts including business cards doing\nregular daily transactions?\n\nReply\n\n 84. chase Says: 84\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 4:24 pm\n\ndan do you think customers should not leave for too long their UR sitting by\nchase rather use em? what amount is too much to let sit there? and what do you\nconsider long? thanks\n\nReply\n\n 85. Me g Says: 85\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 4:40 pm\n\nHI DAN- I need help I am looking to cancel my SPG card as the year is up. I\nwanted to transfer my credit line from there to my blue card. They are giving\nme a problem and asking for all kinds of information. Is it worth it to keep\nthe card or should I just cancel it????\n\nReply\n\n 86. shay Says: 86\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 4:42 pm\n\nwhat if i transfered my son’s ur points to mine. she has the same last name\nbut lives in another address. is this a trigger point? should i worry?\n\nReply\n\n 87. Dan Says: 87\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 4:53 pm\n\n@bracha: Why can’t you get Bluebird??\n\n@israel: I don’t think it’s necessary but if you know where you want to move\nthem anyway then go ahead.\n\n@chase: I have 1 million Chase UR points and haven’t moved them.\n\n@Me g: If you don’t need the Starwood card then just cancel it. It still stays\non to help your credit history for 10 years though the loss of the line may\ncost you a few points (that you can recoup when you open another card).\n\n@shay: I wouldn’t worry too much about that but I wouldn’t do it again.\n\nReply\n\n 88. Me g Says: 88\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 5:04 pm\n\nOk bec I have 20K credit line hate to see it just go. But transferring it is\nbecoming a problem and a credit pull. So canceling that much doesn’t affect my\ncredit w Amex in any way???\n\nReply\n\n 89. Happy Says: 89\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 5:37 pm\n\nthanks for the quick responses Dan\n\njust one thing im still confused with: i thought that before canceling a card\nyou should always transfer credit so ive been doing that with my cards. is it\nbetter to lose the credit if my total credit line will be above my income?\n\nalso can you post the link of the post where you write how to manage amazon\npayments (ie- what to do with the money in your account). Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 90. Average Joe Says: 90\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 5:41 pm\n\nDan, if u have dozens of credit cards, u must have a very high credit line.\nHow isn’t that a problem for you ? ( I think the cc companies let the famous\nbloggers get approved for anything. Free pr, while the average joe has a hard\ntime getting approved & then get shut down)\n\nReply\n\n 91. Dan Says: 91\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 5:46 pm\n\n@Happy: I don’t have a good answer for you. Lowering your credit lines will\nhurt your score somewhat. Plenty of people have more credit than income, but\nit can be a trigger. Or it may not be.\n\nJust send it to a checking account ot Bluebird account.\n\n@Average Joe: Plenty of people have more credit than income and most of them\ndon’t have any issues. It’s a combination of risk factors that becomes a\nproblem.\n\nAnd companies couldn’t care less about that I’m a blogger. I get absolutely no\nspecial treatment with my own cards.\n\nReply\n\n 92. chase Says: 92\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 6:03 pm\n\ndan is it okay to ask for more credit on a chase business card like move from\na personal to the business?\n\nReply\n\n 93. Average Joe Says: 93\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 6:08 pm\n\nThen how do u have such an easy time with recon, while they are busy telling\neveryone else either that they can’t have 3 cards within spicific amount of\ntime, or they refuse to move credit over.\n\nReply\n\n 94. Dan Says: 94\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 6:11 pm\n\n@chase: Sure.\n\n@Average Joe: Lol, you think Recon knows who the heck I am? That’s priceless.\n\nAnd who said it’s easy? It’s just about knowing what to ask for and being\ncompassionate. And knowing how to HUCA. Hundreds of others have been able to\naccomplish the same thing, just read DDF.\n\nReply\n\n 95. HP Says: 95\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 6:12 pm\n\nWhat would you recommend for someone not so credit card savvy, that wants to\nstart off with getting credit cards to get points or money. Looking at this\npost get’s me nervous because it looks like if I don’t know what I’m doing I\nhave a lot to lose. I also don’t think I’m going to spend the proper time to\nfigure it all out. So are there any simple rules (even if I won’t make as\nmuch) that I can follow where I won’t run into any trouble? Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 96. Dan Says: 96\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 6:14 pm\n\n@HP: If you aren’t involved in anything now that what would you have to lose?\nWorst case scenario is back to where you are now.\n\nOpen a few great cards and enjoy the rewards, simple as that. If you want to\nget more involved then come back to this post to know what not to do.\n\nReply\n\n 97. Average Joe Says: 97\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 6:27 pm\n\nDon’t be so humble. Of course they know who u are. Every time a blogger writes\na great review on a card or hotel stay, thousands sign up for it.\n\nReply\n\n 98. Newbie lerker Says: 98\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 6:28 pm\n\nDoes solid credit i mean 13 year history score in the 800s solid mortgage\npayment history, have anything to worry about $35k personal line and $10k biz,\ntotal of 6 cards with them 4 pf the cards came from 2 difrent 2bms, one\nvanilla reload purchase which i funded the bb and straight into my chase\nchecking from there\n\nReply\n\n 99. Dan Says: 99\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 6:39 pm\n\n@Average Joe: Thousands? Now that’s funny.\n\nWhile their online marketing team may know my name that has nothing to do with\nRecon or with their loss prevention team or any other internal department.\n\nI go through the same interrogation as anyone else goes through, there is no\nspecial note on my file (though it sure would be nice if there was!)\n\n@Newbie lerker: You have nothing to worry about.\n\nReply\n\n 100. TimT Says: 100\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 6:57 pm\n\nDan, how do you pull it off with recon, I was on with them the last few days\nfor 2 southwest cards. Every time I call they tell me that the first recon rep\nexplained everything to me and that they agree with the first rep. I only have\n3 other chase cards,2 from a while ago, they don’t let me move credit over,\nthey say I have “sufficient credit with chase” whatever that means.\n\nReply\n\n 101. Dan Says: 101\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 7:27 pm\n\n@TimT: Let’s stay on topic, this isn’t the place to discuss Recon strategies.\n\nReply\n\n 102. Chan Says: 102\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 7:49 pm\n\nDan i want to do a 4bm with chase(ink bold, plus, SP, BA- your links of\ncourse) do you recommend I go for it? TIA\n\nReply\n\n 103. new yorker Says: 103\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 8:20 pm\n\nso I have the Ink bold and the year was up and got charged with annual fee can\nI still change it for classic and have the charge removed? will it affect\nanything on my credit? thanks dan\n\nReply\n\n 104. yitzy Says: 104\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 8:49 pm\n\nI change my sapphire account to a freedom card iwanna apply now for a\nsappihire account in order to transfer the points can it trigger a problem?\n\nReply\n\n 105. kol mevaser Says: 105\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 8:49 pm\n\ndid any one hear about united glitch $45 to isreal?\n\nReply\n\n 106. orrin davis Says: 106\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 8:51 pm\n\nWhat does this mean? “Besides for being able to do 10x the amount per Bluebird\ncard it”\n\nThank you.\n\norrin\n\nReply\n\n 107. Dan Says: 107\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 8:54 pm\n\n@Chan: Thousands of people have done 3BM/4BM without issue.\n\n@new yorker: I don’t think Ink Bold can be downgraded. Ink Plus should be able\nto.\n\n@yitzy: No.\n\n@kol mevaser: Won’t work, ticket will not be issued.\n\n@orrin davis: $1,000 at WM versus $100 online.\n\nReply\n\n 108. Banana Says: 108\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 9:10 pm\n\nHey Dan,\n\nHow does having a card closed by creditor(specifically Amex) affect your\ncredit SCORE? (Or does it?)\n\nDO I need to re-apply if that has happened? (Too much usage on the card –\nalways paid on time but F/R was kinda shady so they closed the account. Wish I\nwould’ve read about closing it myself if they were going to cancel the\naccount)\n\nIf I need to re-apply, how long should i wait?\n\nDensity vs Sparsity\n\nReply\n\n 109. novice Says: 109\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 9:18 pm\n\ni don’t understand the amazon payments thing. let’s say someone sends me $1000\nand i put it in my Chase bank. then i use my chase credit card to send someone\nelse $1000 that’s a problem? Is it only a problem if I send the same person\nback the $1000. What if I use a non-Chase card to send the $1000 back.\n\n(I think I’m missing the whole chochmoh with the Amazon payments.)\n\nReply\n\n 110. yittzy Says: 110\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 9:24 pm\n\nIs it a problem paying my cc bill from a company account or a non for profit\naccount\n\nReply\n\n 111. ephy Says: 111\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 9:34 pm\n\nLast time i transferred UR points to a 3rd party UR account was a good 11\nmonths ago, haven’t transferred since, trigger out not?\n\nReply\n\n 112. Eli Says: 112\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 9:54 pm\n\nis it good to sell ultimate reward points?\n\nReply\n\n 113. yanki Says: 113\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 10:13 pm\n\n@Eli: Its against the terms and conditions.\n\nReply\n\n 114. Eli Says: 114\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 10:41 pm\n\nwill it help to transfer the ultimate rewards points to mils and then to sell\nthem?\n\nReply\n\n 115. shua Says: 115\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 11:01 pm\n\njust to clarify if someone writes a check to amex every month and i put my\namex acct on the bottom to pay my acct is that a trigger and why\n\nReply\n\n 116. Ash Says: 116\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 11:07 pm\n\nHow can you transfer amazon payment funds to blue bird?\n\nReply\n\n 117. sara Says: 117\n\nOctober 14th, 2013 at 11:19 pm\n\non chase can I use 6000 of 6500 in the second month of ard or it’s risky?\n\nReply\n\n 118. Scared Says: 118\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 12:57 am\n\nHay Dan U mentioned about Amex when they fr you they go for the entire family\nalso Well both my bros got fr in the past year I never started with them Ok so\nbesides צדקה תהלים סיום שס תפילה and of course ואהבת לראך כמוך any other\nadvise not to get fr by them 😁\n\nReply\n\n 119. Abe Says: 119\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 1:32 am\n\nGreat post! Very informative. Is paying with a different check a trigger on a\nbusiness card as well? I always have my work pay off my monthly expenses\ndirectly to chase and amex...\n\nReply\n\n 120. sarah Says: 120\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 3:08 am\n\nWhat if I never have enough money in my checking account and usually pay my cc\nbill with cash or checks made out to me at my local branch? I have other\npeople using my cc and usually tell them to make the check payable to Chase,\nwhy would that be a problem? I never did anything risky otherwise, no BB, no\nAmazon, haven’t opened a card in more than a year, never transferred any\npoints out... need I worry?\n\nReply\n\n 121. yudig Says: 121\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 7:30 am\n\nis amazon payments via chase ink biz card a potential trigger?\n\nReply\n\n 122. Yaakov Says: 122\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 9:50 am\n\nDan, up to how many additional users can I make on Amex without triggering a\nfinancial review? Thanks.\n\nReply\n\n 123. Average Joe: Says: 123\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 11:21 am\n\n@Dan:\n\nSorry to say, but you are forsure getting treatment because you’r a big famous\nguy, nobody gets approved each time these specials come out for all card,\nexample I know alot of people who applied for the ink bold and ink plus when\nthere was the special for 60k, they were only approved for 1, so you are for\nsure getting better service\n\nReply\n\n 124. Dan Says: 124\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 11:32 am\n\n@Banana: Having it say closed by creditor doesn’t affect your score any more\nthan closed by you. It just doesn’t look good.\n\nWait a couple years or until you can pass.\n\n@shua: Why would it be?\n\n@Ash: You should be able to get the direct deposit info on bluebird.com\n\n@sara: Not good for your score for one thing.\n\n@Scared: It goes in waves. You won’t necessarily get FR’d, YMMV.\n\n@Abe: I don’t advise it.\n\n@sarah: Not the best of ideas.\n\n@yudig: Not that I know of.\n\n@Yaakov: It’s not a set number.\n\n@Average Joe:: Stop talking out of your tuchus. Dozens of DDF guys were able\nto do the same thing by calling and knowing what to say.\n\nReply\n\n 125. Scared Says: 125\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 11:42 am\n\nThank you Dan for all the time u spent Answering all of our questions this is\na very hard topic to deal with but we know who the ask and we appreciate you\nanswering this is probably the most answered comments I have ever seen in a\nlong time and I’m grateful for that 😀 For the internet world why are you\nquestioning dan the answers and Asking again u think really is true or I think\nu wrong you do this cc hoking for 15 years you make a blog site and then you\ncan Maybe have say in the matter till then shut up and be happy u have a\nmentor to ask hard complex questions to\n\nReply\n\n 126. Out of towner Says: 126\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 11:49 am\n\nChase closed all 4 of my accounts and 2 of my wifes without explanation. Was\nspending 15k+ monthly and paying in full (a few k was paid in cash every\nmonth). Tried calling many times but they would not reconsider. Does that mean\nthat I am blacklisted or can I apply for a new chase card again?\n\nReply\n\n 127. Dan Says: 127\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 11:53 am\n\n@Out of towner: Lots of triggers there. But people have been able to get cards\nin the future.\n\nYou can dispute the accounts with the 3 credit bureaus to have them deleted\nfrom your report.\n\nReply\n\n 128. Yaakov Says: 128\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 12:13 pm\n\n@Dan Then what does it depend on?\n\nReply\n\n 129. yuneeq Says: 129\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 12:17 pm\n\n@Dan\n\nYep, the title is a lot better. Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 130. Out of towner Says: 130\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 12:31 pm\n\nI know someone who defaulted on a chase account and them settled and paid in\nfulll 5 years ago. He had the account removed from all 3 bureaus and score os\nabove 750 but chase will not give him credit. he is blacklisted even though\nthere is no mention of any cjase account on all 3 bureaus!\n\nReply\n\n 131. Dan Says: 131\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 12:46 pm\n\n@Out of towner: Defaulting and settling is very different.\n\nReply\n\n 132. chase Says: 132\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 12:51 pm\n\nis it a trigger changing billing address on credit card for a business\naccount.\n\nReply\n\n 133. a happy reader Says: 133\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 1:57 pm\n\nthank you so much Dan for clearing up all my questions, just for reading all\nthe commons i got all the info i needed, thnx for taking the time to answer\neveryone!!!! you the best\n\nReply\n\n 134. shua Says: 134\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 2:01 pm\n\nwhat did you mean Having a 3rd party pay off a credit card bill or deposit a\ncheck into your account.\n\nReply\n\n 135. Dan Says: 135\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 2:02 pm\n\n@chase: Once, no.\n\n@a happy reader: YW!\n\n@shua: Either.\n\nReply\n\n 136. shua Says: 136\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 2:13 pm\n\nsorry for not being clear can you explain Having a 3rd party pay off a credit\ncard bill\n\nReply\n\n 137. shua Says: 137\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 2:17 pm\n\nand thanks for the great post and amazing response time waiting eagerly for\nthe cle dds\n\nReply\n\n 138. Tolch Says: 138\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 2:24 pm\n\nIf someone in u house is carrying a big balance with Amex does the effect\neverybody else who applies for that address\n\nReply\n\n 139. isaac Says: 139\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 2:47 pm\n\n“What about paying a credit card with bluebird check? Should be OK, but\npersonally Id avoid doing it with Chase for the time being.” Why? And why only\nChase?\n\nReply\n\n 140. isaac Says: 140\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 2:52 pm\n\n“Under 10% is good. Under 1% is even better” Do you know this for a fact? I\nsigned up for transunion free trial, and they said there that to have moderate\nutilization is better than very low.\n\nReply\n\n 141. isaac Says: 141\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 3:07 pm\n\n“2) is paying my credit card bill with money orders or cash dangerous? Not a\ngood idea at all.”\n\nIs that going on money orders,too?\n\nReply\n\n 142. Daniel Says: 142\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 3:11 pm\n\nThis was such an amazing post. Thanks Dan the Man!\n\nReply\n\n 143. yaako Says: 143\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 4:40 pm\n\nDan wrote, “Or just buy Vanilla Reloads from stores like CVS which transfer to\nBluebird online without any issues.” pls let me know how to do that online, my\nneighborhood walmart makes me problems like letting me load only $200 per\nday..\n\nReply\n\n 144. Davidd Says: 144\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 4:50 pm\n\nI am surprised no has mentioned anything about the new Amex Serve card. Card\nis not new but at CVC no purchase fee until 12/13. Is this another way to pay\nmortgage bill like bluebird? is this card risky?? Dan no post on this no\npurchase fee period?\n\nReply\n\n 145. Nate Says: 145\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 9:45 pm\n\n@Dan: Can you get AA’d by Chase by adding an employee to your Ink Card that\npreviously defaulted? Does an employee card have any effect on the employee’s\ncredit?\n\nReply\n\n 146. Nate Says: 146\n\nOctober 15th, 2013 at 9:46 pm\n\n@Dan: To clarify, the employee previously defaulted with Chase\n\nReply\n\n 147. yitzy pitzy Says: 147\n\nOctober 16th, 2013 at 12:21 am\n\ndan besides your massive knowledge, your sense of humor is great.after reading\nthis post and all the comments i wanna be on safe side with my ur points.\nbetween united and avios, what would you recommend where should i transfer my\npoints?\n\nReply\n\n 148. Dan Says: 148\n\nOctober 16th, 2013 at 12:36 am\n\n@shua: Your colleague shouldn’t pay off your credit card from his bank\naccount.\n\n@shua: Hope to see you there!\n\n@Tolch: If they are hit with a financial review it’s very possible that\neveryone at that address will be as well.\n\nBut it doesn’t affect their scores.\n\n@isaac: They are currently shutting people down for suspicious activity. It’s\nout of an abundance of caution that I recommend doing something else with it.\n\n@isaac: Maybe for their own methods of creating a FAKO. However a TU free\ntrial comes with a FAKO score not your real FICO score that lenders like AMEX\nwould use to check your score.\n\nThe lower the utilization the better. But consistant zero utilization isn’t\nideal as well.\n\n@isaac: Yes.\n\n@Daniel: YW!\n\n@yaako: http://www.vanillareload.com\n\n@Davidd: You can’t have Serve and Bluebird and Bluebird is the better card.\n\n@Nate: Interesting question, I don’t have an answer for you.\n\nThe employee card won’t affect the primary card’s credit-especially because\nbusiness cards don’t affect your credit anyway. Though if he gets you shut\ndown that could affect your credit.\n\n@yitzy pitzy: Thanks 😀\n\nReally depends on how you redeem points. Avios are best for really cheap short\ndomestic flights. United miles are best for international trips, flights with\nstopovers, or longer domestic flights. Don’t forget about Hyatt for excellent\nhotel value, Southwest for good domestic value, and Korean for amazing first\nclass availability as well.\n\nLots of good options out there. It’s hard to give a blanket answer that will\ncover everyone.\n\nGood luck!\n\nReply\n\n 149. Punctuation Says: 149\n\nOctober 16th, 2013 at 1:24 pm\n\n@Scared:\n\nI can’t make out what you are saying. In general, when writing, it is wise to\nuse something called “punctuation” so that people can know where your\nstatements start and stop.\n\nReply\n\n 150. bingo Says: 150\n\nOctober 16th, 2013 at 1:55 pm\n\nI got a couple of $200 visa gc’s and some $100 mc’s which I purchase during\nthe amex 150 shoprite deal I understand that the mc cannot be directly loaded\nto bb , cani load it to AP and from there transfer to bb or is that not safe\nOr do you have any better ideas for me Thanks for this free advice line I wish\nyou would do shalom bayis too 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 151. Dan Says: 151\n\nOctober 16th, 2013 at 2:13 pm\n\n@bingo: Try setting a pin and uploading at a walmart ATM to BB.\n\nReply\n\n 152. Cook Says: 152\n\nOctober 16th, 2013 at 10:18 pm\n\nThanks for all the crucial info. Just a bit confused here, if paying a cc with\na third party check written out to myself is a potential problem, does that\nmean it isn’t a good idea to use my paycheck to pay my cc? How else can I\npossibly do it? ( better if I first deposit my check into my chcking accnt and\npay cc through there?) Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 153. bingo Says: 153\n\nOctober 17th, 2013 at 12:36 am\n\nDan u say adding multiple au’s is a known trigger – what is called A lot 6-7,\n15-20 or more like 50 ?\n\nReply\n\n 154. Scared !?!?!? Says: 154\n\nOctober 17th, 2013 at 1:02 am\n\nThank you Dan for all the time u spent Answering all of our questions this is\na very hard topic to deal with but we know who the ask and we appreciate you\nanswering this is probably the most answered comments I have ever seen in a\nlong time and I’m grateful for that 😀 For the internet world why are you\nquestioning dan the answers and Asking again u think really is true? or I\nthink u wrong!?! you (whoever is complaining and saying that Dan is wrong)do\nthis cc hoking/studying for 15 years you make a blog site and then you can\nMaybe have a say in the matter till then shut up and be happy u have a mentor\nto ask hard complex questions to Dan .\n\nDan is the man and he is here to help and advise not to be harassed for\nvolunteering to help !!!\n\nReply\n\n 155. chase Says: 155\n\nOctober 17th, 2013 at 1:06 pm\n\ndan you write you wouldn’t make a deposit from amazon payments to a checking\nthat you have a card with is that also include AP to BB ?\n\nReply\n\n 156. chuk Says: 156\n\nOctober 17th, 2013 at 6:29 pm\n\nIs it safe to buy high-value gift cards on: Ink-office supply,\namex-%6-supermarket-%3gas stations,amex business-office supply?\n\nReply\n\n 157. ybeeds Says: 157\n\nOctober 18th, 2013 at 12:13 am\n\n@Dan Has Amazon Payments flagged accounts that send multiple smaller\ndenominations to the same person in one month? (Ex: If I empty 5 x $100 Visa\nGC and 5 x $50 Visa GC to my wife all in a short amount of time will they flag\nme?)\n\nReply\n\n 158. Jay Says: 158\n\nOctober 18th, 2013 at 1:37 am\n\nNever vouch for someone else to a bank, college, car dealership or other\n“financial” institution. You’re not a rabbi, don’t give a “haskamah”\n\nReply\n\n 159. Josh Says: 159\n\nOctober 18th, 2013 at 9:25 am\n\nBad news for bluebird??\n\nBluebird by American Express Account Ending in –\n\nHello Joshua,\n\nWe would like to inform you about a change to your Bluebird Account effective\nNovember 12, 2013.\n\nFor added security, you will no longer be able to link 4 debit cards to your\nAccount and instead will only be able to link 1 debit card. As a reminder, the\ndebit card must be in your name to successfully link to your Bluebird Account.\n\nAnd don’t forget, you can add money to your Account with a debit card at\nWalmart for free.\n\nShould you have any questions about this change, you can contact a Bluebird\nCustomer Care Professional at 1-877-486-5990.\n\nThank you for your Membership, The Bluebird Team\n\nReply\n\n 160. Avery66 Says: 160\n\nOctober 20th, 2013 at 2:13 pm\n\nDan,\n\nIs this risky? Buying Vanilla Reloads at CVS with Barclays (US Airways) Card.\nLoading them to Bluebird. Writing myself a Bluebird check to my Chase checking\naccount, $2K for the EFT draft from that Chase account for my son’s private\nschool tuition. I do have a couple of Chase credit cards, I think they’re the\nFreedom ones. But I mostly use the Vanilla Reload>Bluebird combo to top off my\nUS Airways Dividend Miles. From Bluebird, I pay directly the gas bill,\nNordstrom, Discover and also the Barclays/US Airways. I spread it around.\n\nReply\n\n 161. yudig Says: 161\n\nNovember 15th, 2013 at 7:54 am\n\non a chase ink BIZ card, is it a trigger if a 3rd party pays bill e.g.\nbusiness is sole proprietorship and check is from someone else or someone else\ndoes chase billpay?\n\nReply\n\n 162. Thadeus Says: 162\n\nNovember 20th, 2013 at 5:52 pm\n\nDan,\n\nI want to link my mortgage payment from two accounts. One which withdraws most\nof the funds from Blue Bird and the rest from my regular bank account. Is\nthere any risk?\n\nReply\n\n 163. Mendel Says: 163\n\nNovember 28th, 2013 at 12:55 pm\n\nDan,\n\nCan I transfer my chase points directly into a non-relative’s miles account?\n\nIf so what are my chances of adverse action?\n\nThanks.\n\nReply\n\n 164. menachem Says: 164\n\nDecember 30th, 2013 at 7:46 pm\n\ncant bealive it but i got a letter in the mail today stating that CHASE is\nclosing my checking account in 3 weeks, i really dont use my checking account\nmuch and didnt do anything that could trigger a A/A but thats what i got, and\nnow my credit cards which i uselly pay off with my business check (which i\nknow could trigger...) is still working, and when i called the number that was\non the letter i got from chase they told me that my credit cards are working,\nand the reason for closing my account was cuz of the transactions i made and\ndidnt wanna give specific details (i transferred my UR points out of there!\nwhat should i do???\n\n1\\. am i ever gonna b able to open a new checking account? 2. are they gonna\nclose my cc as well just a metter of time?\n\nReply\n\n 165. @emp919 Says: 165\n\nJanuary 12th, 2014 at 12:15 am\n\nI attended your 5towns seminar and I already have a HAS advantage card with a\nlot of points accrued already (280k). Should I wait to use them on an El Al\nflight, redeem them for cash (1%), or is there a program that I can transfer\nthem to? Any advice would be appreciated. Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 166. Michael Says: 166\n\nJanuary 23rd, 2014 at 10:24 am\n\nIs paying a bill from bluebird considered a third party payment?\n\nReply\n\n 167. Tim Says: 167\n\nFebruary 28th, 2014 at 2:26 pm\n\nI just received a letter from chase stating that they will close all my and my\nwifes checking and savings accounts without any explanation other then when I\ncalled they said that it states on our account that the Chase Operating Loss\nPrevention Department left a message on our account that said “We have chosen\nto exercise our right to terminate our relationship”\n\nWhen I called the number for loss prevention, to ask what the deal was and how\nto correct the situation, they just threated me and said that they are under\nno obligation to tell me why they are closing my accounts and that If I try to\npursue the reason any further. The Chase supervisor I spoke to in loss\nprevention was very unprofessional and rude.\n\nI took my financial statements to another bank in town and they looked at my\nstatements and they too could not wrap their head around it. They offered to\nset me up and get me back in business and said that Chase is one of the most\ngreedy banks around.\n\nI talked to a chase teller and she said that chase even closed her account in\nthe exact same way for no valid explanation, except that she had to jump\nthrough hoops and go through long financial reviews with her employeer to keep\nher job.\n\nJust verified that my wifes and my credit scores are 805+ I do not make any\ncash deposits. I do not engage in any illegal activity. I don’t make late\npayments. I paid off the home to purchase a car last year. I got a 60K car\nloan about 5 months ago. I don’t bounce checks and have not had any over\nwithdrawls I have not reported any unknown transactions. I have 4 Hilton AMex\nCards and I never use more then 25 % of the credit line in a total month. I\nrecently applied for a citibank visa and was approved two days after the date\non the letter received from chase. I applied for the new credit cards because\nI can get Hilton points and link it to my Hilton Amex cards and I won’t have\nto use my Chase visa when people don’t accept AMEX. I just have all my\nutilities, gas and all shopping going on my creidt cards and I just pay off\nthe credit cards weekly so I know where i stand financially.\n\nI only write about 1 – 3 checks a month for monthly bills that can’t use\nautopay or a credit card.\n\nI also use chase bill pay for a couple monthly utilities that will not accept\na credit card payment.\n\nReply\n\n 168. Tim Says: 168\n\nFebruary 28th, 2014 at 2:33 pm\n\n@Tim:\n\nWhen I called the number for loss prevention, to ask what the deal was and how\nto correct the situation, they just threated me and said that they are under\nno obligation to tell me why they are closing my accounts and that If I try to\npursue the reason any further, it will bring on a wealth of heartache and\ngrief for my wife and I. I do not need to take this kink of abuse. The Chase\nsupervisor I spoke to in loss prevention was very unprofessional and rude. I\njust can’t wrap my head around this situation. I have done nothing wrong and\nhave not tried to do any manufactued spending scams, however that is done.\n\nReply\n\n 169. Bennyboy Says: 169\n\nMarch 6th, 2014 at 12:12 am\n\nIM so lost . ok just a ittle lost. Can someone please take out the time to\nhelp me please . dan or anyone who knows . Trying to meet a threshold for an\namex gold . after buying vanilla reloads ,loading vanilla reloads onto\nbluebird account whats my next safest bet ? A-Can i just pay off my amex card\ndirectly from bluebird ? B-go to atm and pull out cash ? C-write myself a\ncheck ? D-write a check to cash ? E- write a friend a check ? F- transfer\nstraight into my own chase account from bluebird and then pay my amex card\nfrom there like i usually do ? Thank you anyone who can help. I really\nappreciate it .\n\nReply\n\n 170. Joe S Says: 170\n\nSeptember 10th, 2014 at 11:47 pm\n\nAny updates to this? Recently seeing a lot more written about Chase closing\npeople down. I’ve had a checking account with Chase for over 10 years, but am\ndefinitely contemplating shutting it down, as it seems to often be a trigger\nfor them to look into shutting down Chase credit cards as well. Thoughts? Also\ngoing to not sign up for Chase cards more than 2 times per year. Used to be so\neasy...\n\nReply\n\n 171. mr. l Says: 171\n\nJanuary 29th, 2015 at 1:53 pm\n\nHi i applied for a chase ink and i called to see the status and they said i\nshould send in tax returns to get a final desicion i didnt put sole prop made\na mistake what should i do, should i be nervous what happens if i just ignore\nit? Please respond thanks\n\nReply\n\n 172. Max Says: 172\n\nJanuary 23rd, 2017 at 12:53 pm\n\nIf you had a chase account closed and your rewards points were forfeited, you\ncan now join a class action (Gao, et al. v. JPMorgan Chase & Co., et al.) to\nbe compensated for chase not letting you redeem your points.\n\nDeadline to sumit claim is March 17, 2017\n\nhttps://eclaim.kccllc.net/caclaimforms/jga/home.aspx\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply\n\n## Search This Site:\n\n## Advertising Rates:\n\n## SMS Deal Alerts:\n\nRead this post to setup SMS alerts of every deal!\n\n## DansDeals Forums:\n\nJoin the conversation! 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2,265,755
How To Make Tomato Juice
To make tomato juice from tomato paste, scrape the paste into a resealable pitcher, fill the tomato paste can with water four times, and add it to the paste. Stir the tomato paste and water until it is smooth, then add sugar, salt, and pepper to taste. You can hand stir the mixture or use a hand-held blender to ensure that all of the ingredients are well combined. The juice can be stored in the refrigerator for up to one week.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210309101308/https://nchfp.uga.edu/how/can_03/tomato_juice.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210510051649/http://www.thebestofrawfood.com/homemade-tomato-juice.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170717042223/http://oldworldgardenfarms.com:80/2013/08/16/making-fresh-tomato-juice-a-simple-canning-recipe/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://nchfp.uga.edu/how/can_03/tomato_juice.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210309101308/https://nchfp.uga.edu/how/can_03/tomato_juice.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "National Center for Home Food Preservation", "passages": [ "Quantity: An average of 23 pounds is needed per canner load of 7 quarts, or an average of 14 pounds per canner load of 9 pints. A bushel weighs 53 pounds and yields 15 to 18 quarts of juice – an average of 31⁄4 pounds per quart.", "Please read Using Pressure Canners and Using Boiling Water Canners before beginning. If this is your first time canning, it is recommended that you read Principles of Home Canning.", "Procedure: Wash, remove stems, and trim off bruised or discolored portions. To prevent juice from separating, quickly cut about 1 pound of fruit into quarters and put directly into saucepan. Heat immediately to boiling while crushing. Continue to slowly add and crush freshly cut tomato quarters to the boiling mixture. Make sure the mixture boils constantly and vigorously while you add the remaining tomatoes. Simmer 5 minutes after you add all pieces. If you are not concerned about juice separation, simply slice or quarter tomatoes into a large saucepan. Crush, heat, and simmer for 5 minutes before juicing.", "Press both types of heated juice through a sieve or food mill to remove skins and seeds. Add bottled lemon juice or citric acid to jars (See acidification instructions). Heat juice again to boiling. Add 1 teaspoon of salt per quart to the jars, if desired. Fill jars with hot tomato juice, leaving 1/2-inch headspace. Adjust lids and process following to the instructions in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 3 according to the method of canning used. (Acidification is still required for the pressure canning options; follow all steps in the Procedures above for any of the processing options.)", "Process Time at Altitudes of Style of Pack| Jar Size| 0 - 1,000 ft| 1,001 - 3,000 ft| 3,001 - 6,000 ft| Above 6,000 ft Hot| Pints| 35 min| 40| 45| 50 Quarts| 40| 45| 50| 55 Table 2. Recommended process time for Tomato Juice in a dial-gauge pressure canner.", "Canner Gauge Pressure (PSI) at Altitudes of Style of Pack| Jar Size| Process Time| 0 - 2,000 ft| 2,001 - 4,000 ft| 4,001 - 6,000 ft| 6,001 - 8,000 ft Hot| Pints or Quarts| 20 min| 6 lb| 7 lb| 8 lb| 9 lb 15| 11| 12| 13| 14 Table 3. Recommended process time for Tomato Juice in a weighted-gauge pressure canner.", "Canner Gauge Pressure (PSI) at Altitudes Style of Pack| Jar Size| Process Time| 0 - 1,000 ft| Above 1,000 ft Hot| Pints or Quarts| 20 min| 5 lb| 10 lb 15| 10| 15 10| 15| Not Recommended" ] }, "parsed_md": "National Center for Home Food Preservation | How Do I? Can Tomatoes\n\nHow do I? ...Can Tomatoes\n\n# Selecting, Preparing and Canning Tomatoes\n\n## Tomato Juice\n\nQuantity: An average of 23 pounds is needed per canner load of 7 quarts, or an\naverage of 14 pounds per canner load of 9 pints. A bushel weighs 53 pounds and\nyields 15 to 18 quarts of juice – an average of 31⁄4 pounds per quart.\n\nPlease read Using Pressure Canners and Using Boiling Water Canners before\nbeginning. If this is your first time canning, it is recommended that you read\nPrinciples of Home Canning.\n\nProcedure: Wash, remove stems, and trim off bruised or discolored portions. To\nprevent juice from separating, quickly cut about 1 pound of fruit into\nquarters and put directly into saucepan. Heat immediately to boiling while\ncrushing. Continue to slowly add and crush freshly cut tomato quarters to the\nboiling mixture. Make sure the mixture boils constantly and vigorously while\nyou add the remaining tomatoes. Simmer 5 minutes after you add all pieces. If\nyou are not concerned about juice separation, simply slice or quarter tomatoes\ninto a large saucepan. Crush, heat, and simmer for 5 minutes before juicing.\n\nPress both types of heated juice through a sieve or food mill to remove skins\nand seeds. Add bottled lemon juice or citric acid to jars (See acidification\ninstructions). Heat juice again to boiling. Add 1 teaspoon of salt per quart\nto the jars, if desired. Fill jars with hot tomato juice, leaving 1/2-inch\nheadspace. Adjust lids and process following to the instructions in Table 1,\nTable 2, or Table 3 according to the method of canning used. (Acidification is\nstill required for the pressure canning options; follow all steps in the\nProcedures above for any of the processing options.)\n\nTable 1. Recommended process time for Tomato Juice in a boiling-water canner. \n--- \nProcess Time at Altitudes of \nStyle of Pack| Jar Size| 0 - 1,000 ft| 1,001 - 3,000 ft| 3,001 - 6,000 ft|\nAbove 6,000 ft \nHot| Pints| 35 min| 40| 45| 50 \nQuarts| 40| 45| 50| 55 \nTable 2. Recommended process time for Tomato Juice in a dial-gauge pressure\ncanner. \n--- \nCanner Gauge Pressure (PSI) at Altitudes of \nStyle of Pack| Jar Size| Process Time| 0 - 2,000 ft| 2,001 - 4,000 ft| 4,001 -\n6,000 ft| 6,001 - 8,000 ft \nHot| Pints or Quarts| 20 min| 6 lb| 7 lb| 8 lb| 9 lb \n15| 11| 12| 13| 14 \nTable 3. Recommended process time for Tomato Juice in a weighted-gauge\npressure canner. \n--- \nCanner Gauge Pressure (PSI) at Altitudes \nStyle of Pack| Jar Size| Process Time| 0 - 1,000 ft| Above 1,000 ft \nHot| Pints or Quarts| 20 min| 5 lb| 10 lb \n15| 10| 15 \n10| 15| Not Recommended \n \nThis document was adapted from the \"Complete Guide to Home Canning,\"\nAgriculture Information Bulletin No. 539, USDA, revised 2015.\n\nReviewed February 2018.\n\ntop ^\n\nHow do I? Can · Freeze · Dry · Cure & Smoke · Ferment · Pickle · Make Jam &\nJelly · Store\n\nHome · Publications · Search · Seasonal Tips · Info Request · Multimedia ·\nFAQs · Contact · Links\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.thebestofrawfood.com/homemade-tomato-juice.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210510051649/http://www.thebestofrawfood.com/homemade-tomato-juice.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Homemade Tomato Juice", "passages": [ "Homemade tomato juice is easy and quick to make. Sweet, vine-riped tomatoes are truly wonderful summer vegetables and most delicious when they are in season from July through September.", "This tomato juice recipe is super healthy. Of course, fresh is much healthier than tomato juice, ketchup or puree from a can (yuk!). And, you may find that the taste is so much better than juice from a bottle.", "It's a great basis for other juices (i.e. V 8 juice), soup and sauces. I use it as a basis for soup (raw or cooked) since it's much easier than using a vegetable strainer to sift out all the seeds and peel. (I eat the raw soup, my kids and husband the cooked one).", "Below is my favorite homemade tomato juice recipe. Make sure you get the best quality and freshest tomatoes (such as heirloom variety). Also, choose organic, since research shows that the nutrients in organic - especially the lycopene - tomatoes is many times higher than in conventional grown tomatoes).", "Cut the peel off the cucumber (mainly to remain the nice red color of the tomato juice, for health you would like to leave the skin on. The juice will then look brownish though...", "Add salt and pepper to taste. I like to add a few leafs or drops of stevia for sweetness. (or use raw honey, apple, water mellon or mango if you don't have stevia)", "An overwhelming amount of research shows that tomatoes help prevent all kind of cancers (especially prostate and pancreas), are excellent for your heart, a natural anti-inflammatory, lower your cholesterol.", "Drinking whole fresh tomatoes raw as a juice or smoothie enhances the synergistic benefits that you lose when you cook them. Juicing (or blending) increases absorption because you break the tough cell wall of the vegetable. Therefore, by drinking homemade tomato juice you get the best of the cooked and raw world.", "This content on your website or in your E-zine? You can, as long as you include this: \"Esme Stevens is the president of Raw Food Europe and has the number 1 website for starters of a raw food diet: thebestofrawfood.com.\"" ] }, "parsed_md": "Homemade Tomato Juice\n\n * Home |\n * Blog |\n * FAQ |\n * About Me |\n * Contact |\n * Sign Up\n\n# Homemade Tomato Juice Recipe\n\nHomemade tomato juice is easy and quick to make. Sweet, vine-riped tomatoes\nare truly wonderful summer vegetables and most delicious when they are in\nseason from July through September.\n\nI love this juice on a summer morning.\n\nThis tomato juice recipe is super healthy. Of course, fresh is much healthier\nthan tomato juice, ketchup or puree from a can (yuk!). And, you may find that\nthe taste is so much better than juice from a bottle.\n\nIt's a great basis for other juices (i.e. V 8 juice), soup and sauces. I use\nit as a basis for soup (raw or cooked) since it's much easier than using a\nvegetable strainer to sift out all the seeds and peel. (I eat the raw soup, my\nkids and husband the cooked one).\n\nBelow is my favorite homemade tomato juice recipe. Make sure you get the best\nquality and freshest tomatoes (such as heirloom variety). Also, choose\norganic, since research shows that the nutrients in organic - especially the\nlycopene - tomatoes is many times higher than in conventional grown tomatoes).\n\n## Homemade Tomato Juice\n\nServes 2\n\n#### Ingredients\n\n * 3 large tomatoes\n * 2 stalks celery\n * 1/2 cucumber (peeled)\n * ginger (about 1/4 inch)\n * 1/2 lemon (peeled)\n * 1/4 inch hot pepper (or pinch cayenne pepper)\n * Salt, pepper & Stevia to taste\n\n#### Directions\n\n 1. Cut the peel off the cucumber (mainly to remain the nice red color of the tomato juice, for health you would like to leave the skin on. The juice will then look brownish though...\n 2. Run all ingredients through your juicer starting with the soft ingredients such as lemon and cucumber.\n 3. Add salt and pepper to taste. I like to add a few leafs or drops of stevia for sweetness. (or use raw honey, apple, water mellon or mango if you don't have stevia)\n\n#### Tips\n\nHere are some other fantastic reasons to drink this delicious vegetable juice:\n\n 1. Tomatoes are an excellent source of the anti oxidants vitamin A and C, K, folic acid and fiber.\n 2. An overwhelming amount of research shows that tomatoes help prevent all kind of cancers (especially prostate and pancreas), are excellent for your heart, a natural anti-inflammatory, lower your cholesterol.\n 3. Drinking whole fresh tomatoes raw as a juice or smoothie enhances the synergistic benefits that you lose when you cook them. Juicing (or blending) increases absorption because you break the tough cell wall of the vegetable. Therefore, by drinking homemade tomato juice you get the best of the cooked and raw world.\n\nEnjoy!\n\n#### Related Articles\n\nTop 5 - Vegetable Juice Recipes Juice Recipe with Wild Edible Greens Veggie\nJuice Recipes Super Foods Wild Edible Greens Alkaline Foods Juice Recipe with\nCarrots, Tomatoes and Celery How To Make Smoothies More Healthy & Delicious\nSmoothie and Juice Recipes\n\n## Get health secrets, recipes, blog and video updates by e-mail\n\nThis content on your website or in your E-zine? You can, as long as you\ninclude this: \"Esme Stevens is the president of Raw Food Europe and has the\nnumber 1 website for starters of a raw food diet: thebestofrawfood.com.\"\n\nReturn from homemade tomato juice to the HomePage\n\n[?] Subscribe To This Site\n\n### Start Raw Food\n\n * Raw Food FAQ\n * Quick Start\n * Shopping List\n * Kitchen Tools\n * Diet Plan\n * Transition Plan\n * Alkaline Food List\n\n### Basics\n\n * Weight Loss\n * Health\n * Detox\n * Kids\n * Alkaline Foods\n * Organic\n * Water\n\n### How To\n\n * (Un)Cook\n * Make Smoothies\n * Juice\n * Cure Food Poisoning\n * Eat Out\n * Make Almond Milk\n\n### Success Tips\n\n * Super Foods\n * Travel\n * Raw in Winter\n * Wild Edible Plants\n * Nutrition Chart\n * Vegan Protein\n * Food Safety\n\n### Recipes\n\n * All Recipes\n * Breakfast Recipes\n * Juices\n * Green Smoothies\n * Fruit Smoothies\n * French Fries\n\n### Learn More\n\n * PH Scale\n * Importance of Greens\n * Raw Food Testimonials\n * Weight Gain\n * Seaweed for Health\n * Cancer Cures\n * Research, Books, Links\n\n### New\n\n * Benefits Flax Seed\n * Calcium Deficiency\n * Homemade Energy Bars\n * Benefits Elderberry\n * Benefits Beet Juice\n * Healthy Smoothie Recipes\n\n### Subscribe\n\n * Raw Food Magazine\n * Blog\n\n * Home |\n * FAQ |\n * Blog |\n * About Me |\n * Contact Me |\n * Newsletter\n\nCopyright © 2010 thebestofrawfood.com. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://oldworldgardenfarms.com:80/2013/08/16/making-fresh-tomato-juice-a-simple-canning-recipe/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170717042223/http://oldworldgardenfarms.com:80/2013/08/16/making-fresh-tomato-juice-a-simple-canning-recipe/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Making Fresh Tomato Juice", "passages": [ "One quick search around the internet and blog world – and its pretty easy to see that gardening and canning are coming back in style! People are more eager than ever to grow their own food – and are looking for ways to preserve that fresh and wholesome taste for use throughout the year.", "There is no better and easier way to ease into canning than making fresh tomato juice from just-picked garden tomatoes. Whether they are from your own home-grown stock – or picked up at a local farmers market or roadside stand – the taste is out of this world – and its so easy to make!", "Tomato juice is a staple in our canning cabinet every year. We can close to 70 quarts each season. It’s enough to keep us in garden fresh tomato juice year round – with enough left over to use as a base in our vegetable and chili soups. Oh, and yes, the occasional base for an incredible bloody mary 🙂", "We have included our simple canning recipe below. With so many to do – we do use our Roma Food Strainer and Sauce Maker to speed our juicing along – but you can just as easily use a simple food mill to make a few batches to make and preserve your own.", "We run our tomatoes through a tomato press – but you can just as easily use a simple food mill to remove skins and seeds", "Select ripe, firm and fresh tomatoes for your juice. You can mix any variety for juice – another benefit to making your own. Roma tomatoes will give you a thicker juice, while varieties like big boy, celebrity and early girl will have more juice.", "Wash and clean your tomatoes, be sure to remove any bad spots and discard any tomatoes that are overly ripe or show signs of decay or rot.", "Dice up tomatoes into smaller 1/2′′ to 3/4′′ chunks – enough to fill a 6 or 8 quart stock pot", "Place stock pot on medium low heat and let the tomatoes start to cook down slowly – making sure to stir every 5 minutes or so to prevent burning on the bottom of the pan.", "As the tomatoes cook down – we like to add a few more fresh-cut tomatoes to keep the stock pot full.", "At this point – we run our tomatoes through our food mill to remove the skins and seeds and squeeze out the juice. We use the tomato press because of the quantity – but for small batches – the food mill will work great.", "Once all the tomatoes have been run through – return the liquid into a stock pot and begin to heat through on medium to medium high heat. You want to get the tomato juice to a slow rolling boil.", "Sterilize your pint or quart jars by running through your dishwasher – and then heat the jars and warm the lids in a separate stock pot.", "Add your juice to heated jars, along with a teaspoon of lemon juice. The lemon juice will not change the flavor – it is only included to help increase the acid level. Although almost all tomatoes will already be high enough in acidity for canning – it is a simple extra step to insure safety. As an optional ingredient – you can also add a half teaspoon of salt per quart jar for taste.", "Wipe the rim, and seal with a warm ring and lid. Process in a hot water bath for 10 minutes.", "Remove jars and place on a towel and let cool for 24 hours before storing, Check to make sure all jars are sealed by pushing on the lid – if the lid is down and won’t move it is sealed appropriately. If not – immediately place in your refrigerator and use within 2 weeks.", "As a general rule of thumb – one 8 qt. stock pot full of tomato juice will yield enough to can about 7 quart jars", "**If you would like to receive our recipes and gardening articles each week 0 be sure to sign up to follow the blog via email in the right had column, “like” us on the Facebook, or follow us on Twitter. This post may contain affiliate links.", "Wash and clean your tomatoes, be sure to remove any bad spots and discard any tomatoes that are overly ripe or show signs of decay or rot.", "Dice up tomatoes into smaller 1/2\" to 3/4\" chunks - enough to fill a 6 or 8 quart stock pot", "Place stock pot on medium low heat and let the tomatoes start to cook down slowly - making sure to stir every 5 minutes or so to prevent burning on the bottom of the pan.", "As the tomatoes cook down - we like to add a few more fresh-cut tomatoes to keep the stock pot full.", "At this point - we run our tomatoes through our food mill to remove the skins and seeds and squeeze out the juice. We use the tomato press because of the quantity - but for small batches - the food mill will work great.", "Once all the tomatoes have been run through - return the liquid into a stock pot and begin to heat through on medium to medium high heat. You want to get the tomato juice to a slow rolling boil.", "Sterilize your pint or quart jars by running through your dishwasher - and then heat the jars and warm the lids in a separate stock pot.", "Add your juice to heated jars, along with a teaspoon of lemon juice. The lemon juice will not change the flavor - it is only included to help increase the acid level. Although almost all tomatoes will already be high enough in acidity for canning - it is a simple extra step to insure safety. As an optional ingredient - you can also add a half teaspoon of salt per quart jar for taste.", "Wipe the rim, and seal with a warm ring and lid. Process in a hot water bath for 10 minutes.", "Remove jars and place on a towel and let cool for 24 hours before storing, Check to make sure all jars are sealed by pushing on the lid - if the lid is down and won't move it is sealed appropriately. If not - immediately place in your refrigerator and use within 2 weeks.", "Tagged on: canning recipe canning tomato juice canning tomato juice recipe growing tomatoes tomato tomato juice tomato juice recipe Tomatoes", "I never knew of anyone pressure canning tomato juice. I always thought it wasn’t necessary because of the acid in the tomatoes. Growing up, and using the Ball and Kerr canning books, we only canned low acid foods. Anyone else learn this way, or have I been way off base all these years?", "My mom, who has been canning tomato juice for 50 years, follows the above recipe exactly, EXCEPT that she has never pressure cooked the juice OR even water bathed it. She just fills hot jars with boiling juice and tops with hot sterilized lids and rings and sets them on the counter to cool. Very seldom does a jar not seal!", "The new tomatoes do not have enough acid to can them safely without the addition of lemon juice or vinegar. Some home extension offices in the country say it is not necessary to use the lemon juice if you pressure can, but must always be used if you water bath can. The old-fashioned way of simply putting juice into hot jars and letting them seal is no longer considered a safe method. Current recommendations are to pressure or water bath can ALWAYS. It doesn’t matter if your mother and grandmother always did it this way, and it always sealed and nobody has ever gotten sick, it is simply not safe. I am determined that nobody is going to get sick from anything I can, so I am careful to follow all current instructions when it comes to canning. If you look at any official site on the Internet, you will discover that processing tomato juice is a necessity.", "It is also NOT necessary to sterilize jars if you process them at least 10 minutes, and there are very few things that are processed for less than that. The National Center for Home Food Preservation gives that advice on its site. The jars must be clean, and usually must be hot. I had been keeping them hot in the oven and have never had a problem (I have a small kitchen and this was the best place I found to heat them, and there are instructions for doing so on the Net), but now have found that the jar manufacturers do not recommend heating them in dry heat. I will have to find another place where I can do that. I saw a recommendation for using a large roasting pan, putting a couple of inches of water in the bottom of it, and putting the jars upside down in the roaster to keep them hot. If you are canning things that are not hot (like green beans) you don’t have to have hot jars. Just fill the jars with beans, fill them 1/3 full with boiling water (all of the jars at the same time), then go back and fill them another 1/3 full, then go around again to fill them to the correct fill line. That allows the jars to heat more slowly than just sticking them in hot water. But if you are canning hot foods, you must can them in hot jars.", "For added flavour i like to add basil in the sealed jars. Give the tomato sauce a really nice flavour.", "Hi Charlie – due to the newest home preservation guidelines, we actually pressure can with 10 lbs of pressure for 15 minutes. You can water bath for 40 minutes if desired.", "I am ready to can the tomato juice, but if i have a tomato machine, which cleans skins and seeds, do I still need to cook them first as per recipe? Could I juice the tomato, using the special machine, and then boil the juice, and proceed with the pressure canner? Thanks", "You could definitely do this Rima, however we find that if you cut our tomatoes and heat them first – before putting them through the machine, that you will actually make more juice. But either way is fine! Thanks", "One more issue: I pressure canned the tomato juice, and my juice became separated! I got this yellow water at the bottom. What did I do incorrectly? Or is it ok?", "Rima – it is totally ok and natural to have separation when you pressure can it. Once you are ready to use it, shake the jar lightly to mix and it will be ready to use!", "That’s what I do also. The juice is so thick and yummy. All I have left is the seeds in the colander when I am finished. Very little waste. I water bath mine for 15 or 20 minutes. I have done this for too many years to count!", "I usually peel the skin of fist. blanch in hot water and then ice. then I don’t have to worry about all the blemishes. is this ok.", "used your canning method it was great going to try some of your other canning ideas hope they r as good as this one", "My first time ever canning and I’m a little confused on one thing. Do you add water or some other type liquid or are you just boiling tomatoes only?", "You just boil the tomatoes – the tomatoes will produce their own juice. We usually start with a low-medium heat to get the juices flowing and then increase the heat to medium, stirring frequently. Hope this helps and good luck!", "We add peppers (hot and mild) kale, carrots, celery, garlic, onions, etc to make more of a “V8” type juice.", "The tomato press intrigues me since I don’t have one. I do however have a Norpro juicer and was planning on using it for tomato paste and perhaps even tomato juice this year. I want to mention that removing the rings on your jars for storage is a good idea. Removing them increases their longevity because they won’t rust from moisture being caught between the jar and the ring. For jars that contain peaches, the rings should be removed anyway so the threaded area of the jar can be washed to remove the stickiness to not attract pests.", "Can’t WAIT to start my canning!!! Hoping the weather heats up soon so my green tomatoes finally turn red. It looks in the picture like you have a glass top stove. Wondering – do you use a pressure canner for other items on your glass top stove? I have a glass top and am so scared to get a pressure canner because I’ve heard they can’t get hot enough to hold the pressure, or the stove top could shatter fromt he heat/weight. Thoughts? Thanks so much for sharing what you do. I have a very simliar dream to what you mention. I hope to get much closer to it, but it will take quite a while at the current rate, so it is nice to live vicariously thru your blog. Have a great weekend on the farm!!", "I have a glass top stove and have been canning on it for 6 years. Each year I can about 200 jars and all I use is a pressure canner. I don’t have any problem with the stove and the stovetop hasn’t cracked.", "We have always had good success on the glass top – and never had any problems holding the heat and the pressure – and we can a lot on it! Thank you so much for the compliments on the blog and our little farm – we really enjoy being able to tell our story and have fun on the farm! Good luck on your dreams as well – and have fun along the way to getting them! Jim and Mary", "I believe that if you use the totally flat-bottom pressure canners on the glasstop stove you will be fine. Do not use the enamel water bath canners that have ridges on the bottom. I don’t even have one of those; if I want to water bath can, I use the pressure canner without building pressure, and can also use a large kettle with one of the pressure canner disks inside. The bottoms are flat, and I don’t have another canner taking up storage room that I don’t have." ] }, "parsed_md": "Making Fresh Tomato Juice - A Simple Canning Recipe - Old World Garden Farms\n\n### Old World Garden Farms\n\nGardening, Cooking & DIY Living\n\n# Making Fresh Tomato Juice – A Simple Canning Recipe\n\nThe shelves of the pantry stocked with tomato juice from the garden\n\nMaking fresh tomato juice is one the easiest and wonderful things you can do\nwith your garden tomatoes!\n\nOne quick search around the internet and blog world – and its pretty easy to\nsee that gardening and canning are coming back in style! People are more eager\nthan ever to grow their own food – and are looking for ways to preserve that\nfresh and wholesome taste for use throughout the year.\n\nThere is no better and easier way to ease into canning than making fresh\ntomato juice from just-picked garden tomatoes. Whether they are from your own\nhome-grown stock – or picked up at a local farmers market or roadside stand –\nthe taste is out of this world – and its so easy to make!\n\nFreshly chopped tomatoes beginning to cook down on the stove\n\nTomato juice is a staple in our canning cabinet every year. We can close to 70\nquarts each season. It’s enough to keep us in garden fresh tomato juice year\nround – with enough left over to use as a base in our vegetable and chili\nsoups. Oh, and yes, the occasional base for an incredible bloody mary 🙂\n\nWe have included our simple canning recipe below. With so many to do – we do\nuse our Roma Food Strainer and Sauce Maker to speed our juicing along – but\nyou can just as easily use a simple food mill to make a few batches to make\nand preserve your own.\n\nInstructions:\n\nWe run our tomatoes through a tomato press – but you can just as easily use a\nsimple food mill to remove skins and seeds\n\n## Making Fresh Tomato Juice\n\nSelect ripe, firm and fresh tomatoes for your juice. You can mix any variety\nfor juice – another benefit to making your own. Roma tomatoes will give you a\nthicker juice, while varieties like big boy, celebrity and early girl will\nhave more juice.\n\nWash and clean your tomatoes, be sure to remove any bad spots and discard any\ntomatoes that are overly ripe or show signs of decay or rot.\n\nDice up tomatoes into smaller 1/2′′ to 3/4′′ chunks – enough to fill a 6 or 8\nquart stock pot\n\nPlace stock pot on medium low heat and let the tomatoes start to cook down\nslowly – making sure to stir every 5 minutes or so to prevent burning on the\nbottom of the pan.\n\nAs the tomatoes cook down – we like to add a few more fresh-cut tomatoes to\nkeep the stock pot full.\n\nUsing a ladle to fill up the jars.\n\nContinue to cook down tomatoes until they become soft and fall apart at the\ntouch\n\nAt this point – we run our tomatoes through our food mill to remove the skins\nand seeds and squeeze out the juice. We use the tomato press because of the\nquantity – but for small batches – the food mill will work great.\n\nOnce all the tomatoes have been run through – return the liquid into a stock\npot and begin to heat through on medium to medium high heat. You want to get\nthe tomato juice to a slow rolling boil.\n\nWipe the top of your jars and place on the lids\n\nLet boil for 10 minutes and you are ready to can.\n\nSterilize your pint or quart jars by running through your dishwasher – and\nthen heat the jars and warm the lids in a separate stock pot.\n\nAdd your juice to heated jars, along with a teaspoon of lemon juice. The lemon\njuice will not change the flavor – it is only included to help increase the\nacid level. Although almost all tomatoes will already be high enough in\nacidity for canning – it is a simple extra step to insure safety. As an\noptional ingredient – you can also add a half teaspoon of salt per quart jar\nfor taste.\n\nWater bath for 10 minutes\n\nWipe the rim, and seal with a warm ring and lid. Process in a hot water bath\nfor 10 minutes.\n\nRemove jars and place on a towel and let cool for 24 hours before storing,\nCheck to make sure all jars are sealed by pushing on the lid – if the lid is\ndown and won’t move it is sealed appropriately. If not – immediately place in\nyour refrigerator and use within 2 weeks.\n\nAs a general rule of thumb – one 8 qt. stock pot full of tomato juice will\nyield enough to can about 7 quart jars\n\nStore sealed jars on cool dark shelf for up to 12 months.\n\nEnjoy!\n\nMary and Jim\n\n**If you would like to receive our recipes and gardening articles each week 0\nbe sure to sign up to follow the blog via email in the right had column,\n“like” us on the Facebook, or follow us on Twitter. This post may contain\naffiliate links.\n\nHow To Make Your Own Tomato Juice\n\n2016-01-12 14:05:54\n\nYields 7\n\nWrite a review\n\nSave Recipe\n\nPrint\n\nIngredients\n\n 1. Tomatoes\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. Wash and clean your tomatoes, be sure to remove any bad spots and discard any tomatoes that are overly ripe or show signs of decay or rot.\n 2. Dice up tomatoes into smaller 1/2\" to 3/4\" chunks - enough to fill a 6 or 8 quart stock pot\n 3. Place stock pot on medium low heat and let the tomatoes start to cook down slowly - making sure to stir every 5 minutes or so to prevent burning on the bottom of the pan.\n 4. As the tomatoes cook down - we like to add a few more fresh-cut tomatoes to keep the stock pot full.\n 5. Continue to cook down tomatoes until they become soft and fall apart at the touch\n 6. At this point - we run our tomatoes through our food mill to remove the skins and seeds and squeeze out the juice. We use the tomato press because of the quantity - but for small batches - the food mill will work great.\n 7. Once all the tomatoes have been run through - return the liquid into a stock pot and begin to heat through on medium to medium high heat. You want to get the tomato juice to a slow rolling boil.\n 8. Let boil for 10 minutes and you are ready to can.\n 9. Sterilize your pint or quart jars by running through your dishwasher - and then heat the jars and warm the lids in a separate stock pot.\n 10. Add your juice to heated jars, along with a teaspoon of lemon juice. The lemon juice will not change the flavor - it is only included to help increase the acid level. Although almost all tomatoes will already be high enough in acidity for canning - it is a simple extra step to insure safety. As an optional ingredient - you can also add a half teaspoon of salt per quart jar for taste.\n 11. Wipe the rim, and seal with a warm ring and lid. Process in a hot water bath for 10 minutes.\n 12. Remove jars and place on a towel and let cool for 24 hours before storing, Check to make sure all jars are sealed by pushing on the lid - if the lid is down and won't move it is sealed appropriately. If not - immediately place in your refrigerator and use within 2 weeks.\n\nNotes\n\n 1. Recipe courtesy of Old World Garden Farms\n\nOld World Garden Farms http://oldworldgardenfarms.com/\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Email\n * Print\n * Facebook\n * Tumblr\n * LinkedIn\n * Google\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Pocket\n * Reddit\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\nTagged on: canning recipe canning tomato juice canning tomato juice recipe\ngrowing tomatoes tomato tomato juice tomato juice recipe Tomatoes\n\noldworldgardenfarms August 16, 2013March 28, 2017 Life in the Garden\n\n * ← 3 “Must-Take” Steps For Your Fall Garden Clean Up\n * A TV Crew Comes To The Farm – The Fall Crops Go In, And The Canning Continues! →\n\n### 24 thoughts on “Making Fresh Tomato Juice – A Simple Canning Recipe”\n\n * Randa\n\nJuly 24, 2016 at 1:44 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nI never knew of anyone pressure canning tomato juice. I always thought it\nwasn’t necessary because of the acid in the tomatoes. Growing up, and using\nthe Ball and Kerr canning books, we only canned low acid foods. Anyone else\nlearn this way, or have I been way off base all these years?\n\n * Liz\n\nSeptember 6, 2016 at 1:26 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nMy mom, who has been canning tomato juice for 50 years, follows the above\nrecipe exactly, EXCEPT that she has never pressure cooked the juice OR even\nwater bathed it. She just fills hot jars with boiling juice and tops with hot\nsterilized lids and rings and sets them on the counter to cool. Very seldom\ndoes a jar not seal!\n\n * Jeannine\n\nNovember 20, 2016 at 1:39 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nThe new tomatoes do not have enough acid to can them safely without the\naddition of lemon juice or vinegar. Some home extension offices in the country\nsay it is not necessary to use the lemon juice if you pressure can, but must\nalways be used if you water bath can. The old-fashioned way of simply putting\njuice into hot jars and letting them seal is no longer considered a safe\nmethod. Current recommendations are to pressure or water bath can ALWAYS. It\ndoesn’t matter if your mother and grandmother always did it this way, and it\nalways sealed and nobody has ever gotten sick, it is simply not safe. I am\ndetermined that nobody is going to get sick from anything I can, so I am\ncareful to follow all current instructions when it comes to canning. If you\nlook at any official site on the Internet, you will discover that processing\ntomato juice is a necessity.\n\nIt is also NOT necessary to sterilize jars if you process them at least 10\nminutes, and there are very few things that are processed for less than that.\nThe National Center for Home Food Preservation gives that advice on its site.\nThe jars must be clean, and usually must be hot. I had been keeping them hot\nin the oven and have never had a problem (I have a small kitchen and this was\nthe best place I found to heat them, and there are instructions for doing so\non the Net), but now have found that the jar manufacturers do not recommend\nheating them in dry heat. I will have to find another place where I can do\nthat. I saw a recommendation for using a large roasting pan, putting a couple\nof inches of water in the bottom of it, and putting the jars upside down in\nthe roaster to keep them hot. If you are canning things that are not hot (like\ngreen beans) you don’t have to have hot jars. Just fill the jars with beans,\nfill them 1/3 full with boiling water (all of the jars at the same time), then\ngo back and fill them another 1/3 full, then go around again to fill them to\nthe correct fill line. That allows the jars to heat more slowly than just\nsticking them in hot water. But if you are canning hot foods, you must can\nthem in hot jars.\n\n * JOANA\n\nNovember 25, 2015 at 7:11 am\n\nPermalink\n\nFor added flavour i like to add basil in the sealed jars. Give the tomato\nsauce a really nice flavour.\n\n * Charlie\n\nOctober 8, 2015 at 1:38 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nDid you process in a pressure canner for 10 minutes or water bath? 10 minutes\ndoes not sound safe.\n\n * oldworldgardenPost author\n\nOctober 8, 2015 at 1:51 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nHi Charlie – due to the newest home preservation guidelines, we actually\npressure can with 10 lbs of pressure for 15 minutes. You can water bath for 40\nminutes if desired.\n\n * Rima's kitchen secrets\n\nSeptember 2, 2015 at 4:43 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nI am ready to can the tomato juice, but if i have a tomato machine, which\ncleans skins and seeds, do I still need to cook them first as per recipe?\nCould I juice the tomato, using the special machine, and then boil the juice,\nand proceed with the pressure canner? Thanks\n\n * oldworldgardenPost author\n\nSeptember 3, 2015 at 11:36 am\n\nPermalink\n\nYou could definitely do this Rima, however we find that if you cut our\ntomatoes and heat them first – before putting them through the machine, that\nyou will actually make more juice. But either way is fine! Thanks\n\n * Rima's kitchen secrets\n\nSeptember 3, 2015 at 4:39 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nOne more issue: I pressure canned the tomato juice, and my juice became\nseparated! I got this yellow water at the bottom. What did I do incorrectly?\nOr is it ok?\n\n * oldworldgardenPost author\n\nSeptember 12, 2015 at 2:23 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nRima – it is totally ok and natural to have separation when you pressure can\nit. Once you are ready to use it, shake the jar lightly to mix and it will be\nready to use!\n\n * gerry williams\n\nJuly 30, 2015 at 9:51 pm\n\nPermalink\n\ni put the tomato in the blender and use skins and seeds.\n\n * Randa\n\nSeptember 7, 2016 at 9:51 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nThat’s what I do also. The juice is so thick and yummy. All I have left is the\nseeds in the colander when I am finished. Very little waste. I water bath mine\nfor 15 or 20 minutes. I have done this for too many years to count!\n\n * Mary Lu Balega\n\nOctober 10, 2014 at 12:56 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nI usually peel the skin of fist. blanch in hot water and then ice. then I\ndon’t have to worry about all the blemishes. is this ok.\n\n * Paul\n\nOctober 9, 2014 at 9:31 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nused your canning method it was great going to try some of your other canning\nideas hope they r as good as this one\n\n * mary\n\nAugust 24, 2014 at 8:50 am\n\nPermalink\n\nMy first time ever canning and I’m a little confused on one thing. Do you add\nwater or some other type liquid or are you just boiling tomatoes only?\n\n * oldworldgardenPost author\n\nAugust 24, 2014 at 9:13 am\n\nPermalink\n\nYou just boil the tomatoes – the tomatoes will produce their own juice. We\nusually start with a low-medium heat to get the juices flowing and then\nincrease the heat to medium, stirring frequently. Hope this helps and good\nluck!\n\n * cjbuchholz@yahoo.com\n\nAugust 12, 2014 at 3:39 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nWe add peppers (hot and mild) kale, carrots, celery, garlic, onions, etc to\nmake more of a “V8” type juice.\n\n * Dawn Lowe\n\nJuly 31, 2014 at 12:15 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nCan you use blender and strainer to juice tomatoes\n\n * oldworldgardenPost author\n\nJuly 31, 2014 at 12:16 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nYou can – if you get a fine enough strainer they will easily take out the\nseeds and skins\n\n * Holly\n\nAugust 16, 2013 at 11:59 am\n\nPermalink\n\nThe tomato press intrigues me since I don’t have one. I do however have a\nNorpro juicer and was planning on using it for tomato paste and perhaps even\ntomato juice this year. I want to mention that removing the rings on your jars\nfor storage is a good idea. Removing them increases their longevity because\nthey won’t rust from moisture being caught between the jar and the ring. For\njars that contain peaches, the rings should be removed anyway so the threaded\narea of the jar can be washed to remove the stickiness to not attract pests.\n\n * Uturn\n\nAugust 16, 2013 at 10:43 am\n\nPermalink\n\nCan’t WAIT to start my canning!!! Hoping the weather heats up soon so my green\ntomatoes finally turn red. It looks in the picture like you have a glass top\nstove. Wondering – do you use a pressure canner for other items on your glass\ntop stove? I have a glass top and am so scared to get a pressure canner\nbecause I’ve heard they can’t get hot enough to hold the pressure, or the\nstove top could shatter fromt he heat/weight. Thoughts? Thanks so much for\nsharing what you do. I have a very simliar dream to what you mention. I hope\nto get much closer to it, but it will take quite a while at the current rate,\nso it is nice to live vicariously thru your blog. Have a great weekend on the\nfarm!!\n\n * Holly\n\nAugust 17, 2013 at 8:33 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nI have a glass top stove and have been canning on it for 6 years. Each year I\ncan about 200 jars and all I use is a pressure canner. I don’t have any\nproblem with the stove and the stovetop hasn’t cracked.\n\n * oldworldgardenPost author\n\nAugust 17, 2013 at 8:41 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nWe have always had good success on the glass top – and never had any problems\nholding the heat and the pressure – and we can a lot on it! Thank you so much\nfor the compliments on the blog and our little farm – we really enjoy being\nable to tell our story and have fun on the farm! Good luck on your dreams as\nwell – and have fun along the way to getting them! Jim and Mary\n\n * Jeannine\n\nNovember 20, 2016 at 1:43 pm\n\nPermalink\n\nI believe that if you use the totally flat-bottom pressure canners on the\nglasstop stove you will be fine. Do not use the enamel water bath canners that\nhave ridges on the bottom. I don’t even have one of those; if I want to water\nbath can, I use the pressure canner without building pressure, and can also\nuse a large kettle with one of the pressure canner disks inside. The bottoms\nare flat, and I don’t have another canner taking up storage room that I don’t\nhave.\n\nComments are closed.\n\n### Like Us On Facebook\n\n> Like Us On Facebook\n\n### Recent Posts To The Blog\n\n * 3 Keys To Keep Hanging Baskets Blooming And Beautiful All Summer!\n * Re-Planting A Mid Summer Vegetable Garden – A 2nd Chance For Harvest!\n * Homemade Pickling Spice – Never Buy It Again!\n * Planning A Night For You – A Farm To Table Dinner Event At The Farm!\n * 4 Inspiring Books That Motivated, Shaped And Changed Our Life Forever!\n\n## Subscribe To Our Newsletter\n\nJoin our mailing list to receive our Gardening, Recipe and DIY articles each\nweek!\n\n## You have Successfully Subscribed!\n\n### The Story of Our Farm and Life\n\n### Old World Garden Pergola Plans\n\nOur Easy To Follow Instant Downloadable Pergola Plans - complete with easy to\nfollow templates!\n\n### Archives\n\n * July 2017\n * June 2017\n * May 2017\n * April 2017\n * March 2017\n * February 2017\n * January 2017\n * December 2016\n * November 2016\n * October 2016\n * September 2016\n * August 2016\n * July 2016\n * June 2016\n * May 2016\n * April 2016\n * March 2016\n * February 2016\n * January 2016\n * December 2015\n * November 2015\n * October 2015\n * September 2015\n * August 2015\n * July 2015\n * June 2015\n * May 2015\n * April 2015\n * March 2015\n * February 2015\n * January 2015\n * December 2014\n * November 2014\n * October 2014\n * September 2014\n * August 2014\n * July 2014\n * June 2014\n * May 2014\n * April 2014\n * March 2014\n * February 2014\n * January 2014\n * December 2013\n * November 2013\n * October 2013\n * September 2013\n * August 2013\n * July 2013\n * June 2013\n * May 2013\n * April 2013\n * March 2013\n * February 2013\n * January 2013\n * December 2012\n * November 2012\n * October 2012\n * September 2012\n * August 2012\n * July 2012\n * June 2012\n * May 2012\n * April 2012\n * March 2012\n * February 2012\n\n### Recent Comments\n\n * barbaramudge on Battling Summer Garden Pests Successfully – Without Harsh Chemicals!\n * desertordessert on 3 Keys To Keep Hanging Baskets Blooming And Beautiful All Summer!\n * Maureen on Re-Planting A Mid Summer Vegetable Garden – A 2nd Chance For Harvest!\n * Teresa Beck on Homemade Pickling Spice – Never Buy It Again!\n * oldworldgardenfarms on About Us\n\n### Subscribe\n\n## Subscribe To Our Newsletter\n\nJoin our mailing list to receive our Gardening, Recipe and DIY articles each\nweek!\n\n## You have Successfully Subscribed!\n\nCopyright © 2017 Old World Garden Farms\n\n## Subscribe To Our Newsletter\n\nJoin Our Mailing List To Get Our Free Gardening Tips, Recipes and DIY Tips\nDelivered Straight To Your Inbox!\n\n## You have Successfully Subscribed!\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n" } ]
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How To Clean Musty Smells from a Suitcase
To remove a musty smell from your suitcase, all you’ll need is some soapy water. Start by vacuuming your suitcase to get rid of debris, then wipe it down with the soapy water. Dry your suitcase with a towel and leave it open for a day or 2. You can also use coffee grounds or baking soda to remove bad odors. Simply cover the bottom of your suitcase with the coffee or baking soda and leave it in for a week. Then, dump the grounds or powder in the trash and vacuum the inside of your suitcase. You can also absorb odors with a vinegar and water solution. Just spray a solution made of 1 part vinegar to 3 parts water on the inside of your suitcase, then leave it to air dry.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506024138/https://www.fabhow.com/clean-your-suitcase.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170907184034/http://www.attagirlsays.com:80/2012/09/06/how-to-get-gross-smells-out-of-old-furniture/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410145717/https://www.hunker.com/12002353/how-to-use-vinegar-to-remove-a-smoke-smell", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210911004233/https://www.theartofdoingstuff.com/how-to-get-rid-of-that-musty-old-people-smell/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421141522/https://www.brettunsvillage.com/trunks/howto/odors/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170618035511/http://herpackinglist.com/2013/08/how-to-clean-your-luggage/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190129213706/http://www.safenaturaltips.com:80/odor-control-and-removal/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170707183509/http://www.kellyelko.com/2014/07/how-to-clean-vintage-luggage/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.fabhow.com/clean-your-suitcase.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506024138/https://www.fabhow.com/clean-your-suitcase.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Easily Clean Your Suitcase", "passages": [ "Among the multitude of troubles faced by frequent travelers, cleaning and caring for their luggage is a quite common one. Letting your imagination loose will help you understand what your suitcase goes through during those memorable trips. And if you remember any bad experiences, know that your luggage probably went through worse.", "Everyone from the airport personnel to the hotel staff to your cabbie can be accused of badly handling your luggage. Not to mention the joyride it sometimes takes on the luggage conveyor belt at the airport. And if you’re also negligent in the care and handling of your suitcase, its condition will only further deteriorate.", "Your luggage deserves care and pampering for being your companion through so many journeys. Frequent travelers often develop an attachment to their luggage. The key to prolonging the life of your suitcase is regular upkeep.", "Regular cleaning and airing out should keep your suitcase in top condition and free of any funky smells. Also, exercising care in where you store your luggage will help prevent mold and mildew from taking hold.", "Put 1⁄2 teaspoon of dishwashing liquid in a bowl of water. Stir well to thoroughly dissolve the dish soap in the water.", "Wipe the surface of the suitcase clean with the wet cloth. Although most of the surface will come clean this way, the tougher dirt stains will take some elbow grease. Moisten the cloth and work it over the tough stains repeatedly until they come off.", "Clean the cloth in the cleaning solution when it gets dirty. A dirty cloth will end up smearing grime across the surface, instead of cleaning it.", "Most of the dirt stains will come off with the soapy cloth, but there may bea host of sticky spots that refuse to budge.These sticky spots accumulate dirt. Just raid your stationery supplies for an eraser to get rid of such spots.", "Rub the eraser over the sticky spots. You’ll notice that along with the eraser dust, the spots come off as well.", "Now to deal with all those scuff marks – remember the time when your suitcase slipped down the porch stairs? Yes, it left some scratches behind. You won’t be able to make them go away, but you can diminish their appearance by polishing with toothpaste.", "Use plain white toothpaste for this purpose. Just squirt some paste on the surface and polish it with a clean end of the lint-free cloth and a sponge pad.", "Don’t forget the wheels. The wheels of any piece of luggage suffer the most. Clean off all the visible grit and grime with a sponge soaked in water.", "When not maintained properly, the wheels can get damaged even if your suitcase is in good condition. You wouldn’t want the wheels of your suitcase giving up on you in the middle of a journey, would you?", "When you’re done wiping, spot cleaning, buffing and polishing your suitcase, wipe it all over with a clean, dry towel using circular motions.", "Now that you’ve cleaned the exterior of your suitcase, it’s time to clean the interior. Clean the insides with a lint-free cloth soaked in the cleaning solution. Be sure to squeeze the excess water out of the cloth, as the interior fabric of the suitcase may soak up the moisture.", "A regular cleaning routine should be maintained to keep your suitcase in top condition. Vacuuming and brushing your suitcase before and after every use also helps you avoid bulk cleaning.", "Contrary to hard-shell suitcases, the soft-sided ones absorb a lot of loose dust. So, start the cleaning by vacuuming the exterior to remove all the loose dust. You’ll soon notice the difference. Vacuum the interior fabric of the suitcase as well.", "If your suitcase is sufficiently clean, you can stop. But if it needs a more thorough job, move on to the next step.", "Start by preparing the cleaning solution. Add 1⁄4 teaspoon (about 2 or 3 drops) of dishwashing liquid to a bowl filled with water. Stir to mix the dish soap evenly into the water.", "Dip an end of a lint-free cloth into the cleaning solution. Squeeze out the excess water. Keep the cleaning end only slightly moist. Remember that we’re going for surface cleaning, rather than soaking.", "Clean the exterior with the wet lint-free cloth. Keep drying the area with a dry towel simultaneously. This will prevent the liquid from soaking into the fabric. Clean all the surfaces – front, back and sides as well as top and bottom.", "When you’re done cleaning the surfaces, get to the parts that generally become a hub for germs. Clean the handles and the wheels of the suitcase. Clean the feet of your suitcase as well. Instead of feet, your suitcase may have base studs like the one in this example.", "Give the interior of the bag a wipe-down as well. Use your fingers to get the cloth inside the crevices. Follow each cleaning with a dry towel rub.", "Close the suitcase and leave the baking soda inside it for 1 to 2 days. Do a sniff check daily to determine if the smells have disappeared.", "Make a white vinegar solution to treat the odor in your suitcase. Put white vinegar and water in a ratio of 1:3 in a small spray bottle. Shake it to mix the vinegar into the water.", "If you are a frequent flyer, develop the habit of travelling light. Travelling with a single suitcase or travel bag, you can easily avoid checking in your luggage. This saves your suitcase from poor handling by the airport personnel.", "To retain that new look in your luggage; wipe it down regularly with alcohol-free baby wipes. Follow with a soft, dry towel or microfiber cloth.", "If your luggage has picked up bed bugs from your trip abroad, spray your bag with 91percent isopropyl alcohol to kill them on contact. Then, vacuum out the entire bag, including the crevices.", "When not in use, store your luggage in a dry space, covered loosely with a breathable fabric to prevent mold and mildew. Regular airing of the luggage also prevents mold and mildew.", "Bags that are made of 100percent cotton without any trim, rigid base or quilting (and many canvas bags) can be machine washed. Check the tag of your bag to see if it’s possible.", "Keep your makeup and toiletries in individual bags that can contain any spills and save the interior of your suitcase.", "Keeping some charcoal in your bag for 1 to 2days absorbs the most stubborn of the smells. You can keep your suitcase smelling fresh by putting a dryer sheet or a bar of soap in it when not in use.", "Disclaimer: The content on this site is generic, informational and adjunctive at best, but cannot serve as a replacement for professional medical advice. Any use of this information is at the user’s discretion. For health concerns or emergencies and medication changes, please consult a healthcare professional." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Easily Clean Your Suitcase | Fab How\n\nMenu\n\nSearch\n\nHome » Home & Garden » Cleaning » How to Easily Clean Your Suitcase\n\n# How to Easily Clean Your Suitcase\n\nby\n\nFabHow Team\n\nposted on\n\nApril 29, 2016\n\n0\n\nAmong the multitude of troubles faced by frequent travelers, cleaning and\ncaring for their luggage is a quite common one. Letting your imagination loose\nwill help you understand what your suitcase goes through during those\nmemorable trips. And if you remember any bad experiences, know that your\nluggage probably went through worse.\n\nEveryone from the airport personnel to the hotel staff to your cabbie can be\naccused of badly handling your luggage. Not to mention the joyride it\nsometimes takes on the luggage conveyor belt at the airport. And if you’re\nalso negligent in the care and handling of your suitcase, its condition will\nonly further deteriorate.\n\nAdvertisements\n\nYour luggage deserves care and pampering for being your companion through so\nmany journeys. Frequent travelers often develop an attachment to their\nluggage. The key to prolonging the life of your suitcase is regular upkeep.\n\nRegular cleaning and airing out should keep your suitcase in top condition and\nfree of any funky smells. Also, exercising care in where you store your\nluggage will help prevent mold and mildew from taking hold.\n\nHere are the steps to easily clean your suitcase, as well as methods for\nremoving odor from it.\n\nAdvertisements\n\n * Cleaning a Hard-Shell Suitcase\n * Cleaning a Soft-Sided Suitcase\n * Ways to Remove Odors from a Suitcase\n\nContents\n\n * Cleaning a Hard-Shell Suitcase\n\n * Step 1. Mix the dishwashing liquid in water\n * Step 2. Dip a lint-free cloth in the cleaning solution\n * Step 3. Clean the suitcase with the wet cloth\n * Step 4. Remove any sticky marks with an eraser\n * Step 5. Treat any scratch marks with toothpaste\n * Step 6. Clean the wheels\n * Step 7. Wipe down the suitcase with a towel\n * Step 8. Clean the inside of the suitcase\n * Step 9. Wipe with a dry towel and let air dry\n * Cleaning a Soft-Sided Suitcase\n * A. Regular Cleaning\n\n * Step 1. Vacuum the suitcase, inside and outside\n * Step 2. Brush the wheels\n * B. Extensive Cleaning\n\n * Step 1. Prepare the cleaning solution\n * Step 2. Dip a lint-free cloth in the cleaning solution\n * Step 3. Clean the suitcase, drying simultaneously\n * Step 4. Clean the handles, feet and wheels\n * Step 5. Clean the inside of the bag\n * Step 6. Let it air dry\n * Ways to Remove Odors from a Suitcase\n * Method 1: Using Baking Soda\n\n * Step 1. Sprinkle baking soda inside the suitcase\n * Step 2. Close the suitcase and leave for 1 to 2 days\n * Step 3. Vacuum the interior\n * Method 2: Using White Vinegar\n\n * Step 1. Make a white vinegar solution\n * Step 2. Spray the insides with the solution\n * Step 3. Let the suitcase dry\n * Additional Tips\n\n## Cleaning a Hard-Shell Suitcase\n\nThings you’ll need:\n\n * Hard-shell suitcase\n * Water\n * Dishwashing liquid\n * Sponge pad\n * Toothpaste\n * Eraser\n * Lint-free cloth\n * Towel\n\n### Step 1. Mix the dishwashing liquid in water\n\nPut 1⁄2 teaspoon of dishwashing liquid in a bowl of water. Stir well to\nthoroughly dissolve the dish soap in the water.\n\nYour cleaning solution is ready.\n\n### Step 2. Dip a lint-free cloth in the cleaning solution\n\nDip the lint-free cloth into the cleaning solution. Squeeze the excess liquid\nout.\n\nAdvertisements\n\n### Step 3. Clean the suitcase with the wet cloth\n\nWipe the surface of the suitcase clean with the wet cloth. Although most of\nthe surface will come clean this way, the tougher dirt stains will take some\nelbow grease. Moisten the cloth and work it over the tough stains repeatedly\nuntil they come off.\n\nClean the cloth in the cleaning solution when it gets dirty. A dirty cloth\nwill end up smearing grime across the surface, instead of cleaning it.\n\nAdvertisements\n\n### Step 4. Remove any sticky marks with an eraser\n\nMost of the dirt stains will come off with the soapy cloth, but there may bea\nhost of sticky spots that refuse to budge.These sticky spots accumulate dirt.\nJust raid your stationery supplies for an eraser to get rid of such spots.\n\nRub the eraser over the sticky spots. You’ll notice that along with the eraser\ndust, the spots come off as well.\n\n### Step 5. Treat any scratch marks with toothpaste\n\nNow to deal with all those scuff marks – remember the time when your suitcase\nslipped down the porch stairs? Yes, it left some scratches behind. You won’t\nbe able to make them go away, but you can diminish their appearance by\npolishing with toothpaste.\n\nAdvertisements\n\nUse plain white toothpaste for this purpose. Just squirt some paste on the\nsurface and polish it with a clean end of the lint-free cloth and a sponge\npad.\n\n### Step 6. Clean the wheels\n\nDon’t forget the wheels. The wheels of any piece of luggage suffer the most.\nClean off all the visible grit and grime with a sponge soaked in water.\n\nWhen not maintained properly, the wheels can get damaged even if your suitcase\nis in good condition. You wouldn’t want the wheels of your suitcase giving up\non you in the middle of a journey, would you?\n\n### Step 7. Wipe down the suitcase with a towel\n\nWhen you’re done wiping, spot cleaning, buffing and polishing your suitcase,\nwipe it all over with a clean, dry towel using circular motions.\n\n### Step 8. Clean the inside of the suitcase\n\nAdvertisements\n\nNow that you’ve cleaned the exterior of your suitcase, it’s time to clean the\ninterior. Clean the insides with a lint-free cloth soaked in the cleaning\nsolution. Be sure to squeeze the excess water out of the cloth, as the\ninterior fabric of the suitcase may soak up the moisture.\n\n### Step 9. Wipe with a dry towel and let air dry\n\nFinish up the cleaning by drying the fabric with a fresh towel. Let the\nsuitcase stay open to air-dry.\n\n## Cleaning a Soft-Sided Suitcase\n\nThings you’ll need:\n\n * Soft-sided suitcase\n * Vacuum cleaner\n * Water\n * Dishwashing liquid\n * Brush\n * Lint-free cloth\n * Towel\n\n## A. Regular Cleaning\n\nA regular cleaning routine should be maintained to keep your suitcase in top\ncondition. Vacuuming and brushing your suitcase before and after every use\nalso helps you avoid bulk cleaning.\n\n### Step 1. Vacuum the suitcase, inside and outside\n\nContrary to hard-shell suitcases, the soft-sided ones absorb a lot of loose\ndust. So, start the cleaning by vacuuming the exterior to remove all the loose\ndust. You’ll soon notice the difference. Vacuum the interior fabric of the\nsuitcase as well.\n\n### Step 2. Brush the wheels\n\nUse a brush with fine bristles to clean the wheels. Brush the loose debris off\nthe wheels.\n\nIf your suitcase is sufficiently clean, you can stop. But if it needs a more\nthorough job, move on to the next step.\n\n## B. Extensive Cleaning\n\n### Step 1. Prepare the cleaning solution\n\nStart by preparing the cleaning solution. Add 1⁄4 teaspoon (about 2 or 3\ndrops) of dishwashing liquid to a bowl filled with water. Stir to mix the dish\nsoap evenly into the water.\n\n### Step 2. Dip a lint-free cloth in the cleaning solution\n\nDip an end of a lint-free cloth into the cleaning solution. Squeeze out the\nexcess water. Keep the cleaning end only slightly moist. Remember that we’re\ngoing for surface cleaning, rather than soaking.\n\n### Step 3. Clean the suitcase, drying simultaneously\n\nClean the exterior with the wet lint-free cloth. Keep drying the area with a\ndry towel simultaneously. This will prevent the liquid from soaking into the\nfabric. Clean all the surfaces – front, back and sides as well as top and\nbottom.\n\n### Step 4. Clean the handles, feet and wheels\n\nWhen you’re done cleaning the surfaces, get to the parts that generally become\na hub for germs. Clean the handles and the wheels of the suitcase. Clean the\nfeet of your suitcase as well. Instead of feet, your suitcase may have base\nstuds like the one in this example.\n\n### Step 5. Clean the inside of the bag\n\nGive the interior of the bag a wipe-down as well. Use your fingers to get the\ncloth inside the crevices. Follow each cleaning with a dry towel rub.\n\n### Step 6. Let it air dry\n\nKeep the suitcase open in a well-ventilated space to let the moisture\nevaporate.\n\n## Ways to Remove Odors from a Suitcase\n\nThings you’ll need:\n\n * Vacuum cleaner\n * Baking soda\n * White vinegar\n * Water\n * Small spray bottle\n\n## Method 1: Using Baking Soda\n\n### Step 1. Sprinkle baking soda inside the suitcase\n\nSprinkle baking soda liberally inside the suitcase.\n\n### Step 2. Close the suitcase and leave for 1 to 2 days\n\nClose the suitcase and leave the baking soda inside it for 1 to 2 days. Do a\nsniff check daily to determine if the smells have disappeared.\n\n### Step 3. Vacuum the interior\n\nOnce the smells have dissipated, vacuum the interior of the suitcase to clean\nup the baking soda.\n\n## Method 2: Using White Vinegar\n\n### Step 1. Make a white vinegar solution\n\nMake a white vinegar solution to treat the odor in your suitcase. Put white\nvinegar and water in a ratio of 1:3 in a small spray bottle. Shake it to mix\nthe vinegar into the water.\n\nAlternatively, a lemon juice solution also works well.\n\n### Step 2. Spray the insides with the solution\n\nSpray the white vinegar solution all over the interior of the suitcase.\n\n### Step 3. Let the suitcase dry\n\nLet the suitcase dry in a well-ventilated space away from sunlight.\n\n## Additional Tips\n\n * If you are a frequent flyer, develop the habit of travelling light. Travelling with a single suitcase or travel bag, you can easily avoid checking in your luggage. This saves your suitcase from poor handling by the airport personnel.\n * To retain that new look in your luggage; wipe it down regularly with alcohol-free baby wipes. Follow with a soft, dry towel or microfiber cloth.\n * Avoid drying your bag in direct sunlight. It can cause the surface to fade, weaken or damage.\n * If your luggage has picked up bed bugs from your trip abroad, spray your bag with 91percent isopropyl alcohol to kill them on contact. Then, vacuum out the entire bag, including the crevices.\n * When not in use, store your luggage in a dry space, covered loosely with a breathable fabric to prevent mold and mildew. Regular airing of the luggage also prevents mold and mildew.\n * Bags that are made of 100percent cotton without any trim, rigid base or quilting (and many canvas bags) can be machine washed. Check the tag of your bag to see if it’s possible.\n * Keep your makeup and toiletries in individual bags that can contain any spills and save the interior of your suitcase.\n * Keeping some charcoal in your bag for 1 to 2days absorbs the most stubborn of the smells. You can keep your suitcase smelling fresh by putting a dryer sheet or a bar of soap in it when not in use.\n\nAdvertisements\n\nThere are no comments yet No comments\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Instant Signup\n\nAdvertisements\n\n * ### Bucket List Ideas: 200+ Things To Do Before You Die\n\nNovember 27, 2017\n\n * ### How to Clean Foggy and Cloudy Car Headlights\n\nJanuary 22, 2016\n\nAdvertisements\n\nPersonal Care\n\n### Homemade Rose Water-Based Facial Mist Recipe\n\nLarisa Balasescu (Esthetician)·August 20, 2019\n\nMakeup\n\n### Smokey Eye Makeup: Step-by-Step Guide with Pictures\n\nKinshasa Hunter (Lead Makeup Artist, Skincare Consultant)·July 31, 2019\n\nAdvertisements\n\n * ### 8 Safe and Easy Methods to Use Hydrogen Peroxide for Acne\n\nJuly 17, 2018\n\n * ### 13 Ways to Remove Dark Spots with Lemon Juice\n\nFebruary 22, 2018\n\n * ### How to Be Happy by Making Positivity an Everyday Habit\n\nJuly 19, 2016\n\nAdvertisements\n\nBeverages\n\n### How to Make Matcha Green Tea Latte: 2 Quick Recipes\n\nFabHow Team·April 17, 2017\n\nRelationships\n\n### Is Your Girlfriend Driving You Crazy? 15 Demands That Say So\n\nFabHow Team·July 21, 2018\n\nAdvertisements\n\n2018 © All rights reserved Fab How\n\nDisclaimer: The content on this site is generic, informational and adjunctive\nat best, but cannot serve as a replacement for professional medical advice.\nAny use of this information is at the user’s discretion. For health concerns\nor emergencies and medication changes, please consult a healthcare\nprofessional.\n\nBack to top\n\nClose\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.attagirlsays.com:80/2012/09/06/how-to-get-gross-smells-out-of-old-furniture/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170907184034/http://www.attagirlsays.com:80/2012/09/06/how-to-get-gross-smells-out-of-old-furniture/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to get gross smells out of old furniture", "passages": [ "I hope it’s not because my furniture and house stinks but rather because I’m always rehabbing old, musty, dusty furniture. I have a little bit of experience with getting rid of odor in furniture.", "You can imagine that crime scene investigators like me get interesting questions. However, tonight’s, though forensically sound, is more appropriate for my Atta Girls. Neighbor: “How do you get the smell of ‘dead’ out of furniture?” Seems a 78-year-old, sentimental chest of drawers in her garage became home to a decaying critter without her immediate knowledge. She’s tried Fabreeze and bleach, which not only didn’t work, but also warped a thin, wood packing crate her father used to craft the piece. Any suggestions from the Atta Girls or Friends of Atta Girls?", "In my experience, the best solution for getting rid of stinky odors is to neutralize them, not to mask them. Because no matter how much air freshener you use, it always seems the stench comes back. I suspect that what the neighbor’s chest needs is a good airing out — lots of sunshine and fresh air — with some neutralizing agent thrown into the mix.", "Here are some tips for getting rid of stinky odors, pulled from my own experience and from the suggestions of the Hometalk bloggers:", "Clean the stinky chest of drawers, inside and out, with an appropriate cleanser. For the neighbor’s chest, the safest option may be a slighty dampened rag with water or another furniture-safe cleanser. Vinegar and water is another option. For another stinky container, like a trash can or a dirty diaper genie, I would scrub with a bleach-based cleaner and also apply Lysol liberally. The neighbor may be able to use Lysol on her stinky piece of furniture.", "Sprinkle the drawers with baking soda, which should absorb the odors. Let the baking soda sit for several days, and vacuum it up. You may need to try several applications. Alternately, you can place a bowl of baking soda inside each drawer. The longer it is left in, the better.", "Line the drawers with dryer sheets, and let them work their magic for several days (weeks even, if the smell is quite malodorous).", "Pour kitty litter into the drawers and leave it for several days. It should absorb the odor. Dump it out, vacuum well and sniff. Repeat, if necessary.", "Place a few jars of white vinegar inside the furniture. The vinegar smell doesn’t linger and it should remove the odor. Depending on how bad the smell is, you may need to leave the vinegar in place longer and repeat, as necessary.", "Furniture painting pal Lori Young of Vintage Charm Restored swears by TSP cleaner, available at home improvement stores like Lowe’s and Home Depot.", "Paint can sometimes mask and cover odors. If the neighbor paints the inside of the drawers, the smell may go away.", "Once the drawers are clean and the odor has been removed, consider storing scented candles inside the chest of drawers. The candles will cover up any lingering scent that may return over time.", "Thanks to bloggers Janel at Nellie Bellie and Cheri at It’s So Very Cheri!, as well as my friend Kaaren, for weighing in with tips on how to get rid of stinky smells in furniture. And for more tips on removing odors from furniture, check out this post from Living with Lindsay, and be sure to read the comments for even more suggestions.", "If you have suggestions for Amy’s friend, please add them to the comments. I’ll make sure you get your very own get-out-of-jail-free card for adding your two cents.", "Also, crumpled pages of newspaper left in there for a few days can help. Ground coffee (in paper towels or clean filters) also can work.", "Please do not store scented candles in wood. That’s the smell I’m trying to get rid of in my china cabinet!", "Thanks for that tip, Faye. I wouldn’t have thought about that smell lingering. Hope you’re able to get your china cabinet smelling fresh again.", "Did you ever get that smell out? I have something very similar on a dresser I just bought. Done vinegar and baking soda a few times as well as coffee beans. Better but not gone. The whole room still stinks from the dresser.", "I am looking for something that would work on a rather new piece of furniture but it is not in the drawers I can smell it on the finished top of the dresser. I thought at first it was the dogs my daughter has so I was cleaning everything then I realized it was the dresser I bought her. I smelt the top of it and that is where the smell is coming from. It smells like dog and dirty clothes. It is horrible!! Please help not sure if the advice above will work or not.", "My husband and a friend manufacture a product that is an odor Kill product that works well to take care of odors. even got the smell out of a car that had leather seats after it sat in a field and mice made their home in it . It can be ordered online and you can read testimonials of successful treatments of bad odors at their site. ATX Odor Kill http://www.odorkill.com/", "Another good odor-absorber is charcoal — add an open bag or tray of it to the drawers and leave for a few days — this worked great when we apparently had a mouse or some other little critter die in the outside wall of our main floor guest room, and the pest removal service said it would have required cutting numerous openings throughout the wall to try to find and remove it. We left a large open bag of charcoal in there for a few days, and it quickly absorbed the foul odor while the critter was decaying (UGH). Another idea is KILZ, which a client selling her house used to effectively cover cat urine odors in the flooring of her sunporch.", "How do you get cigarette smell out of a vehicle? A strong mix of vinegar and water scrub has been tried with very little success.", "If you buy a house where someone decided their cat should be a “free range” feline with no litter box and the smell is just awful, not only do you need to replace the carpet and pad, but you will need to paint the wood or concrete under the carpet with something like Kilz Primer. If you don’t, in a month or so, that smell will come right back up through the carpet and ruin the new carpet as well. Sometimes you can scrub out dog urine if it isn’t too bad, but NOTHING will take out cat urine. I have used a giant box of soda to get rid of the smell that raccoons left up inside a chimney. It works well, but you may have to repeat the treatment a couple of times. Don’t put it in water, just dump an inch or two on the smell dry and let it set. Not a furniture tip, but might be adapted to some furniture.", "I used a two step approach on old wood floors where a cat had repeatedly peed. (actually more, but the store bought neutralizers and removers did not help). I poured on vinegar, left it to soak in and dry, then mopping with bleach water. The floors were already faded, so it didn’t hurt them and the smell never came back.", "I had a dresser that had been sitting in the garage for who knows how long. It had dead mice and tirds, bird feathers from them nesting in open drawers and musty, molding pieces of clothing and lots of bird shit. I cleaned it up with a touch of bleach, lots of fantastic with water. Then made newspaper pouches and filled each with charcoal briquets. Placed one in each drawer and left for a couple of weeks. Stench gone. Sanded it down, refinished it, looks and smells like new. This idea was given to be by a caregiver in a seniors home. It was how they freshened the dresser drawers of seniors.", "The charcoal trick really worked for me. I put berry baskets with a few bricketts in the fridge, a musty closet, under sink, and old nicotine saturated furniture drawers. The bad doers may take a few days/weeks, but it does work. No harsh chemicals!", "Musty and stinky odors are a problem with old furniture, but I love hearing what has worked for other people.", "When you put charcoal on the drawers did you leave the drawers open or closed? I have an old dresser that when I brought it home stings like old and musty, I have tried everything now I just bought a bag of charcoal and distribute it ...how many pieces did you use in each drawer too?, tks", "I bought the couch of my dreams to recover, but can’t get the musty basement odor out of it. I tried Fabreze, leaving dryer sheets in it and putting it in my living room. It has been cold, snowy/rainy since I got it last fall so I haven’t been able to put it in the sun. PLEASE tell me I don’t have to replace all the stuffing in this couch...it’s an Ethan Allen.", "A few years ago at the recommendation of Martha Stewart, I used 100 Proof Vodka. Cheapest bottle of vodka. I think I paid $4 for the bottle. I used it on/in, an old buffet that had been stored in someones barn and the mice had had a heyday in it! Vodka is what high-end antiques dealers use to get smells out of furniture. You saturate a rag with it, then wipe down all the parts of the drawers, slats, inside and out, and you can actually see it dry right behind where you wiped it. It will not warp the wood as it does not absorb into the wood long enough. It WORKED amazingly well. I later painted the piece, except for inside the drawers, and to this day, it smells great! I use it in my craft room and even if it stays closed up for quite awhile, it still has a fresh smell when reopened. I have given Vodka to others for the same purposes of removing odor and it works everytime. I don’t drink so the bottle has lasted for years.", "Well, I am going to try the vodka. Two months ago I bought a cool piece of furniture from a local antique store. The shop owner told me it was from an estate sale and had been in a barn. Phew! I have scrubbed it with vinegar, baking soda, that didn’t work. I scrubbed it with steel wool and bleach, that didn’t work. Murphy’s oil soap, nope! Right now I am using ‘grounds for the garden’ from a local Starbucks. But I am upgrading to vodka. It is a piece for my craft room too! I don’t want to paint it, because it has beautiful robin’s egg blue peeling paint over english oak. The patina is great. Thanks for the idea!", "It’s possible the smell is coming from inside the piece and maybe you could shellac the drawers. I’ve heard that can also work to seal in the smell.", "The vodka worked. It really neutralized the horrible smell that was coming from the wood. Thank-you for the idea...it worked!", "Thanks! I’m going to try Vodka. I have an old chest of drawers that belonged to my mother-in-law. The smell inside it is unbearable! I too have tried baking soda, cedar blocks, vinegar, bleach, & Febreeze. None of those worked. Right now, the chest is sitting empty in a spare room. I can’t bear to discard it, but can’t use it either. Got my fingers crossed that the Vodka works. Will post results!", "I am in Australia and I can’t get hold of 100 proof vodka. The local DIY shop recommended methylated spirits. Would this be a good substitute do you think?", "I don’t have experience with methylated spirits, but it’s worth a try. And any proof vodka should work, I would think.", "Linda W tweet234, that is an awesome tip with the vodka..I am going to have to try that. I have a dresser that has an old smell in it..and I will share with others as well. A great post also. Thank you Rena", "I use Bulls Eye Shellac- 2 coats fixes it every time. Each coat dries in about 30 mins or less. And it is a breeze to apply! Check it out!", "Perfect post for the thrifters among us! Kelly Kelly recently posted..Movie Night and a Big Bowl of Popcorn and $100 Gift Card Giveaway", "I dont know if it is good for wood but Odoban (they sell it at sams and home depot) is really good for getting alot of smells out. I use it mostly for laundry and when my kids pee in the bed.", "Odoban works great on most things, it gets cat and dog smells, and even got the nasty “smoke” smell out of clothing and other items after our house fire.", "I have a tip to share in just making the drawers smell better. Throw in a couple cheap highly scented bars of soap helps the smell too. I’m a crafter & use to decorate soap, after leaving my unused & decorated soap in a drawer I found the scent really lingers. So in a few other drawers I have place a bar or two of my soap.", "I think I’d have to suggest that the soap solution be used only short term. I have odor in dresser drawers that is awful!! It’s from the bars of soap my Mom put in decades ago and left there. It is sooo strong it triggers my asthma and makes anything and everything put in those drawers acquire the same too-strong odor. It can be nauseating even. I’m going to get some vodka (suggested in another comment) tomorrow and see it that will get the soap smell out. Baking soda for 2 months has not done the trick.", "Oh my! Mothballs! Yuck! Worse than the odor I’m trying to get out. I didn’t think anyone ever used those anymore. That smell permeates everything and makes me nauseous. I’d have to try something else just to get rid of the mothball odor! Plus, it triggers my asthma terribly. I think the vodka trick sounds like the best idea for those of us with respiratory issues. Will be trying it on the leather couch we just acquired. I can’t stand the smell that it absorbed from prior owner’s home.", "How do you get the smell of mold out of wood ? I have tried coffee, washed the cabinet down, put vinegar in it for like ever and short of throwing it in the garbage I’m at a loss. Got any ideas ?", "To get the smell of old people and mold out of a dresser than came from my husband’s grandma’s basement, we put a scoop of clean dry cat litter in each drawer and closed them all. After a couple weeks, I dumped out the litter and vaccuumed, and it smelled new & clean again. I was skeptical, but it worked great!", "You know those little packets so silica that come with new shoes or a new purse? After trying to mask the musty smell of an old secretary – which worked somewhat – I happened to put a bunch of silica packets in it. Voila! Musty smell is gone and it cost me nothing!", "That’s a great idea! I always throw those away promptly because our dog ate one once — or at least we think she did — and it was messy. But now I’ll have them and try them in some stinky drawers.", "Thank you, I’ve recently been searching for info about this subject for a long time and yours is the best I’ve came upon till now. However, what concerning the conclusion? Are you certain in regards to the source? http://Www.mental- health-coop.com/ recently posted..http://Www.mental-health-coop.com/", "Lp me please!I have my grandmother’s old cedar chest.Someone in the past put mothballs in it.I have tried wiping it down with water, cleaning it with vinegar, letting it air out for days outside, putting crimpled newspaper & I’m at my wits end. The smell always comes back after a few days with the lid closed. Help me please!", "Hi Sonya, sorry for not replying sooner. Have you tried spritzing it with vodka to clean and then letting it air out. People also swear by charcoal.", "Another option would be to shellac the interior, but you may not want to do that with a cedar chest. I found another article that suggests cranking up the heat (or in the summer storing the piece of furniture in a hot space (the attic perhaps) open, so the smell will dissipate. Here’s the link: http://www.ehow.com/how_4453525_get-rid-mothball-smell.html I hope that helps. The secret seems to be dry heat plus ventilation.", "You could try sanding the inside with fine grade sandpaper, then anyone of the previous tips might work better. I sand cedar blocks after they loose there smell and put them back in a closet so it smells nice", "I would try the vodka, let it dry for a few days. Then sand the interior with a very rough sandpaper. vacuum the dust out then sand again with a very fine sandpaper. Mothballs are a “chemical” and have soaked into the wood. The sanding may remove the wood that holding the odor.", "when I bought my dream home, it came with a “pot-belly-pig” smell : / my Mom (a framer) said to use powdered lime(comes in bags), dump it, slit open bag and sit it, or pour into little pouches and leave in drawers, or wherever needed. Worked for me!", "when I bought my dream home, it came with a “pot-belly-pig” smell : / my Mom (a farmer) said to use powdered lime(comes in bags), dump it, slit open bag and sit it, or pour into little pouches and leave in drawers, or wherever needed. Worked for me!", "That’s a great idea! I would definitely trust a farmer, and it sounds like your mom’s suggestion really worked well for you.", "Of course, now I’m curious why the house had a pig smell. Did the former owner have a pig as a pet?", "Yes they did have a pot belly pig for a pet. I found this out when I mentioned to the neighbor about the smell and was filled in. The piggy had freedom to roam in some rooms and the patio deck and fenced in yard.", "When I was working in a flower shop, an antiques dealer would come in and buy eucalyptus branches. When they would get a musty or mousy smelling chest, they would put the branches in the drawers to combat the odors. Works in musty closets also", "I used to work for a trucking company that occasionally hauled “green hides” from a beef processing plant in TX to a leather goods manufacturer in NY. We always used a combo of a straight apple cider vinegar wash & XL cans of the cheapest ground coffee available (repeated as necessary) to remove that awful stench from our truck trailers, so I would think it should work on just about anything else.", "I purchased a very old pine blanket chest at auction that I had not done a sniff test on. It really smelled bad! I tried baking soda and coffee grounds after I throughly washed it, but neither helped. I thought it was a lost cause so I used it to store some cedar scrap wood and pine cones I had gathered to make wreaths with. To my surprise, it no longer stinks and I can now use it to store anything.", "I refinished a dresser this past summer that had been in my parents basement for several years. It was musty smelling. I filled each drawer with cedar shavings (small animal bedding) and kept it closed for a week or so. After I used stripper to remove the paint, I discovered that a corner smelled like a cat had peed/marked it. I have cats, so if there is any lingering smell, they will certainly remark it. I cleaned it with vinegar, scrubbed with steel wool, made a paste of baking soda and vinegar. Nothing was working. I finally had a few dry days and I left it out in the sun. I gave up at that point and applied the first coat of stain. I couldn’t smell the urine anymore. I’m not sure which was key, the sunlight, or the stain. If it happens again, I’ll try peroxide or vodka.", "Anyone have suggestions for getting cigarette smoke out of a house and it’s contents. We inherited a house that we’re trying to sell. We cleaned all carpeting, washed down all the walls with some professiona cleaner and we’ve sprayed all the rooms with air freshener. The problem is is that no one is living in the house anymore so the windows are never opened. When we visit we always are aware of the odor and so does anyone looking at the house. Since it’s now winter we can’talk open the windows while we visit. Any suggestions as to what we can leave in the house while we’re not there? We’ve also tried charcoal and vinegar but these don’the work either.", "I would use a Healthmate Jr. filter and leave it on a low setting all the time. I was introduced to it by a friend when the house we were renting showed signs of mold on the walls that were not well insulated. (We no longer live there, thank god!). I had a toddler and was very concerned. The filter worked beautifully! I still have it and use it on occasion for various reasons: crafting with strong paint, the manure smell in spring from local farms, if it’s too cold outside to let in fresh air, when we have a cold in the house. It’s a bit of investment, but if you are trying to sell the house, it will be well worth it! It will remove the odors from the room, but I don’t know if it will aid in getting rid of the odor all together. Maybe. It would try it.", "So another suggestion... I don’t know what product you used on your walls, but one time when I rented a smoke-ridden place, I did use TSP and it worked. But take care to research a bit if it is toxic, to breathe or get on the skin. Some stuff I used back in the day I wouldn’t touch now. Environmental Working Group’s cleaning products database is a fantastic resource in this regard.", "you can rent a machine its like a ionizer run it in each room going over everything and then just let it run in center of the room, I used to strip all the furniture and items from condo’s for resale and this is what we did for the smoker’s. it does work, because its gets into the walls furniture, wood etc.", "You can call a company that specializes in restorations after fires. They use smoke abatement equipment. In my house, we also use an ionic air cleaner, because I have severe asthma. It helped me tremendously when we stayed in a home that had smoke odors.", "I up cycle a lot of old furniture. If the root cause of the bad smell isn’t mold or some funk that needs to otherwise be removed by cleaning, I’ve had good success with putting a dryer sheet in a drawer or cabinet. Great for putting in garbage cans too. Just place the sheet at the bottom of the container then insert the bag.", "I put scent booster pellets(washing mashine additive) in a spray bottle of hot water to to disolve and use on furniture fabric to rid of musty smells.", "I just got some of these scent booster pellets for the wash. I’m going to try these on the next piece of stinky furniture I find! Great idea!", "Clear Shellac from Zinnser in a spray can is supposed to block the smell. Its a stain and odor blocker. Spray all over inside the stinky area like you would when spray painting something.", "Great idea! I actually plan to use shellac when we replace the carpet in our bedroom. There is one spot that my elderly dog has become too familiar with, and I’m planning on shellacing the subfloor so that any odor does not return or attract her to the spot again.", "My husband bought me an antique vanity that had been “refinished” but the seller admitted it had suffered water damage. All the sanding and staining had not even touched the musty & mildew-y smell, ugh! I refused to store anything in it until the smell was 100% gone. I tried vinegar first...left bowls of it in the drawers...not much improvement. Tried cat litter left in for over a week...better but still stinky. Poured baking soda in the drawers and left in for a few weeks...got better but still not gone completely. Lastly, wadded up newspaper in all the drawers and left for over a month. Smelled 90% better! but I was too eager to get it to 100%. I added Yankee candle wax tarts to the drawers and left for a week or so. Finally, the smell was gone or I became nose blind. Every now and then when I open the drawers I can smell a faint musty smell but not anything like it was in the beginning.", "Wow, it sounds like you were very diligent and finally were able to get rid of the odors. It’s tough with old, stinky furniture, and I’ve found that different solutions work for different smells. I am definitely going to remember to use Yankee candle wax tarts. I’ve also gotten a lot of other great ideas from the comments on this post. I need to write an update!", "I tried most all of the options listed here to no avail. The furniture had been in dry storage for years and nothing that I tried helped. Leaving it outside was not an option. After weeks of the terrible smell my Dad advise me to try charcoal. I did and after a bit the smell disappeared.", "I have an wood cabinet with drawers that I used to store scented candles in on of the drawers. I am now wanting to move it to my kitchen to use as a bakers cabinet and would like to store baking supplies (flour, etc.) in the drawer where I stored the candles. The candle smell is very strong. How can I get rid of this and bar in mind i can’t use anything on it that is not food friendly. Pleas help.", "I have a wood cabinet with drawers that I used to store scented candles in on of the drawers. I am now wanting to move it to my kitchen to use as a bakers cabinet and would like to store baking supplies (flour, etc.) in the drawer where I stored the candles. The candle smell is very strong. How can I get rid of this and bear in mind i can’t use anything on it that is not food friendly. Please help.", "I have a small antique dresser that sat in someone’s shed for years and has an odor. I have washed, stripped, re washed, sanded, wiped with mineral spirits, sprinkled with baking soda and washed again yet the smell still lingers. I’m willing to try the kitty litter, charcoal, vodka, etc. but I’m wondering if anyone tried a scented oil wood polish or mineral oil mixed with essential oils as a final step? Just hoping that once the smell is gone maybe I can get a better scent in.", "My husbands Grandmother put moth balls in a cedar chest years ago. Is there anything I can do to get rid of that smell?", "helped clean out old barn. was given some cool wood furniture etc. the problem is that there were mice nests in the drawers, raccoon poop on some areas, and bird dropping on top. my question is this; is it safe to clean and repurpose these pieces of furniture", "Nilodor....magic solution! Check it out nilodor.com – we’ve used this product many times for odor left by cats spraying in basement windows...just put a few drops ln cotton ball, leave on window sill a few days and smell disappears!", "i have had some chest of drawers that needed this help and found a great tip. After cleansing the surfaces inside and out, Place a bar of great smelling soap into the drawer. I used Caress! My undies thanked me too!", "Have a vinyl hanging pantry for my pop up camper that smelled like mothballs. Vodka really helped. I used part of a big bottle of citrus flavored I had sitting around so I doubt it really matters what kind. Also mixed in a few drops of tea tree oil just to see what would happen.", "I bought an old pine blanket chest that swelled really musty. I think that it had been stored in a barn. I tried washing it out, using baking soda, using coffee grounds with no luck. I kind of gave up and stored some pine cones and pieces of cedar wood in it. After several weeks I decided to use it to store something else and to my surprise when I opened the chest, the stink was gone!", "I recently bought a dresser set that has a horrible stale cigarette odor in the drawers. How can I get that smell out so I can store my clothes in it? I’ll give the Vodka method a try..", "How do you get cigarette smoke out of furniture on the outside of the furniture? Please send answer to my email.", "I bought a beautiful hutch from a friend with indoor cats. When I was wiping it down with Amish Wood Milk, I noticed the odor of cats, not sure if they peed on it or the wood just absorbed the smell? Will the vodka ruin the stain and finish of the wood? Thanks in advance!", "My hub & I love to go to rummage sales. He thought he’d surprise me one day & bought my a large box of yarn. (I am also crafty). Proud as can be, he brought this big box of yarn in to show me his thoughtful gift. As I opened the box and stuck my head closer for a better look, I nearly retched. The person who had the box was most definitely a HEAVY smoker and this box had been sitting in a very musty place. There was no way that I would use this yarn to make things for others. The smell was overwhelming. Hub & all his wisdom said “oh, that’s easy, all you’ve got to do is stuff a bunch of crumpled up newspaper up in the box and just leave it sit for a while”. Mrs. Oh I doubt that will cover all that smell, begrudgingly did as he said. Do you know he had the audacity to be right? I opened the box about 2 months later (fully prepared to throw the contents away), and was totally amazed! There was no smell at all in the box (or the news paper for that matter). Now when anything gets packed away, I crumple news paper up in the boxes as I pack them. Try it, it’s the cheapest fix out there! If it doesn’t work for you, go ahead and start spending $ on it 😉", "In reference to my post of removing smells from a box of yarn. My hub. got the idea from his former boss. He was a painting contractor. They had a “fire job” to do. The client had an old cedar chest that she thought was ruined so she threw it away. All they did was use steel wool on the inside to scuff up the grain (lightly), then pack it full of crumpled up news papers. They used a refinisher for the out side, but you could still smell the smoke on the inside (& no cedar smell). This was well over 30 years ago, & to this day there is no smoke smell but you can smell the cedar. Go figure.", "I use Odoban on everything! It’s the only thing I’ve found that truly removes the smell of cat urine. It’s environmentally friendly and isn’t tested on animals. I use it as a fabric refresher on stinky wood (don’t use too much at once), and it doesn’t contain the toxic chemicals found in commercial fabric refreshers. I also dilute some in water to gently wipe down surfaces. It works!", "I would like to strangle the people who suggest using vinegar to clean WOOD dressers!!!! I did, it stripped the finish off and the dresser still smells horrible. 😞", "I wrote a previous comment and it was never posted. I see there are some old posts. Maybe delete an old post and add mine. I want people to know, cleaning real wood with vinegar can strip the finish. I would like to strangle the person that suggested vinegar. I have ruined the dresser. It smells terrible AND looks horrible. Thanks a lot!!", "I have also read to shellac a piece to “seal” any odors.. Every square inch! And if using chalk paint it will still adhere to the piece. However, that has seemed like such a daunting task I have never tried it! I have two huge French provential piece to do and I have left them sitting just because of the odor issue! Thanks for your advice, now maybe I’ll get started!!!", "Definitely shellac is an option for combating odors. I haven’t done it myself, but I know a lot of furniture painters who have. They also say you should use shellac to seal any mahogany or knotty pine pieces to prevent bleed-through, especially if you’re using a lighter color. Let me know how it goes with your French provincial pieces. I’d love to see the finished pieces.", "Great tips! Instead of vinegar in the furniture I put lemons. I cut one lemon on slices and put them in different cupboards. Thank you for sharing your post! Greetings!", "I have found, for removing musty smells, wipe clean with lysol inside and out, ball up newspaper, sprinkle with vanilla extract, close drawers, let sit in warm place or sun (if piece will take it ) for a week or longer. Remove, sniff, repeat if necessary.", "One of our grandchildren fell asleep and had an accident in one of a matching set of new club chairs with matching ottomans. It happened at night. By the next morning the smell of urine was strong all around the chair. Really strong. My thoughts about the situation were 1. The chair in its present shape is headed to the dumpster. 2. If I take this chair out on the deck and pour gallons of warm soapy water over the stained area, hose it down with a garden hose until the water runs clear and it ruins it, so what! So that is what I did. It worked perfectly. It smelled fresh and no trace of odor. We have been using it for years since. Important to know: The temperature outside was 98 degrees more or less. I left it in the sun all day, brought it in before dark and kept a fan blowing on it that evening. I checked the tag on the chair regarding type of fabric and cleaning instructions. In my case it didn’t matter but some fabrics cannot be washed!", "For cleaning stinky furniture: Take the furniture outside or into the garage. Take all drawers and/or shelves out. Dilute Murphy Oil Soap in water according to directions. Scrub it down inside and out until the water is relatively clear. If the odor is strong or the piece was covered in dirt, repeat above process. Wash it down with a garden hose. Pat it dry with soft absorbent cloths. Apply lemon oil with a soft cloth.", "Iv’e tried many things for bad smelling furniture, and the only one that has worked for me is 1 part CLEAR shellac, and 1 part DENATURED alcohol. I mix it in a jar, shake it up good and paint the inside of of the offending piece. Sometimes you can just get away with painting the inside of a drawer or two and sometimes you have to paint the inside of a whole piece. Whatever it is, this will work. Once in a while you have to do two coats. Just know that it goes on fast and dries fast. There are some smells that just don’t give up with one coat. I swear by it. Give it a try. You have nothing to lose but a BAD smell.", "Hi there, I recently purchased a turn of the century dentist cabinet that has an extremely strong odour of dental chemicals that I would love some advice on how to try and remove? It was in the dental clinic for 3 generations, so smell is very overwhelming. It seems more prominent in the top glass sections of the unit, so I am assuming items were only stored there as the drawers etc don’t seem too bad? Item is currently painted in an organic type paint, but I was going to strip, stain and varnish? Any advise would be great, as I love this unit but the smell is almost unbearable.", "I can’t thank you enough for these ideas! Always turning down “smelly” bargains at yard sales. Never again! Nancy recently posted..Four Sturdy Wire Planters for 99 Cents Each", "Great ideas. Will these work for furniture that has been exposed to years of cigarette smoke? I am renting a furnished bedroom and the furniture is disgustingly odiferous! It is made out of compressed wood. The whole room stinks . It is a temporary situation and can’t move. HELP!!!!", "I bought an old art decco wardrobe and it smelled awful. I tried vinegar, baking soda and coffee whole bean and ground. The only thing that worked was those laundry freshener beads. I bought the ones made like Gain. It worked beautifully! No more yucky smell!", "That’s a great tip, Kat. I haven’t tried those in furniture, but I can see how those would totally work. Are you talking about the fabric softener beads that you put in the wash? Just want to make sure I’m clear on what you’re using so I can add this to the list of tips in the blog post.", "I learned from a resort owner that she used an ozone machine to eliminate cigarette and cigar odors from a unit used by smokers on a 3 week fishing vacation. It totally removed all the odors. However, it can only be used for 24 hours because then it starts to break down any fabrics in the room – drapes, bedspreads, etc. Another time a friend used an ozone machine to remove odors from several pieces of antique furniture that had been in a mouse- infested house. Then she used it in the house itself. It worked great in both instances. I called a hazmat cleaning supply company once, wondering what they used at stinky crime scenes. They have products that run the gamut from the mildest to the severest imaginable cleaning/odor needs. They’re a good resource because they know about chemical properties in stains and odors the rest of us don’t need to know, thankfully, so were good about offering easy, inexpensive but effective solutions as well. They may even know where to rent something like an ozone machine. Some friends used one on things that smelled smoky but not badly enough to be thrown out after a small house fire after the fire dept removed their big fans. It never hurts to ask questions. Otherwise, I’d never have learned years ago that an ozone machine for getting rid of odors even existed.", "Try placing all the stinky furniture in a room with an ironizer, turn it on close the door and seal the bottom of the door with a rolled up towel. Do not have it running in an open room and keep pets and children away from it. It is bad for your lungs. I don’t know if you can rent them anymore. Places that deal with fire clean up may be able to help you. We put ours in an root cellar in the basement, seal off the door and in less than 24 hours the furniture smells better than new. Good luck?", "I am at loss as to what to do with a antique dresser i bought, the outside of it beautiful, , my fault I did not check the inside and drawers. but I did think there was a bit of a peculiar smell to it,but wouldn’t be a problem i use different methods to get rid of smells in furniture I buy. . The lady said it had came out of a old shed and husband had saturated all the inside of the wood dresser and the four large drawers with many spray cans of bug killer. The smell is so powerful just taking the drawers out is awfell. washed it all with bleach., then vinegar,, tried baking soda,,hydrogen peroxide , cat litter, newspaper and charcoal I have stood , the drawers and dresser outside hoping the smell will go. Now it seems to smell like cat pee as well, probably all the chemicals have blended to make the smell even worse. I do not want to spray sealer. This foul smell is 10 times worse than cat pee smell . I noticed mention of Vodka, but what is vodka that would make the smell disappear ? I think there is no hope left for this beautiful victorian dresser.", "I’m not sure why people suggest vinegar for removing odors? I have a room mate who tried placing glasses of vinegar in their room as an air freshener, and the smell of sour pickles filled the hallway outside their room. I told then to cut it out as it didn’t smell good at all.", "[...] of my most popular posts on the site is about how to remove odors from old furniture. I shared my blog post about stinky furniture, along with my tips for getting rid of smells, and dozens of Hometalkers chimed in with their [...]", "[...] One of the best secrets to know about if you’re working with old furniture is How to get rid of stinky smells in old furniture. [...]" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to get gross smells out of old furniture - Atta Girl Says\n\nAtta Girl Says\n\nIdeas to make your home brighter & your heart lighter\n\n * Home\n * Contact\n * About\n\n * Disclosure\n * Privacy\n * Featured\n * Home Tour\n * Projects\n\n * Crafting\n * Decorating\n * Painting\n * Tutorials\n * Recipes\n * Advertise/PR\n * Store\n\n###### 06\n\n###### Sep 2012\n\n# How to get gross smells out of old furniture\n\nBy Atta Girl Amy 113 Comments\n\nOh my God, it smells like something died in here!\n\nApparently, in my circle of friends, I am the go-to person if you have this\nkind of problem.\n\nI hope it’s not because my furniture and house stinks but rather because I’m\nalways rehabbing old, musty, dusty furniture. I have a little bit of\nexperience with getting rid of odor in furniture.\n\nMy friend, Amy, who is a real-life CSI, recently sent me this query:\n\n> You can imagine that crime scene investigators like me get interesting\n> questions. However, tonight’s, though forensically sound, is more\n> appropriate for my Atta Girls. Neighbor: “How do you get the smell of ‘dead’\n> out of furniture?” Seems a 78-year-old, sentimental chest of drawers in her\n> garage became home to a decaying critter without her immediate knowledge.\n> She’s tried Fabreeze and bleach, which not only didn’t work, but also warped\n> a thin, wood packing crate her father used to craft the piece. Any\n> suggestions from the Atta Girls or Friends of Atta Girls?\n\nWell, I certainly have experience with stinky furniture, but thankfully dead\nis not a stench that I’ve encountered — yet. So, I turned to some of my\nblogger friends on Hometalk for their input on Amy’s “something died in here”\nquery.\n\nIn my experience, the best solution for getting rid of stinky odors is to\nneutralize them, not to mask them. Because no matter how much air freshener\nyou use, it always seems the stench comes back. I suspect that what the\nneighbor’s chest needs is a good airing out — lots of sunshine and fresh air —\nwith some neutralizing agent thrown into the mix.\n\nHere are some tips for getting rid of stinky odors, pulled from my own\nexperience and from the suggestions of the Hometalk bloggers:\n\n * Clean the stinky chest of drawers, inside and out, with an appropriate cleanser. For the neighbor’s chest, the safest option may be a slighty dampened rag with water or another furniture-safe cleanser. Vinegar and water is another option. For another stinky container, like a trash can or a dirty diaper genie, I would scrub with a bleach-based cleaner and also apply Lysol liberally. The neighbor may be able to use Lysol on her stinky piece of furniture.\n * Sprinkle the drawers with baking soda, which should absorb the odors. Let the baking soda sit for several days, and vacuum it up. You may need to try several applications. Alternately, you can place a bowl of baking soda inside each drawer. The longer it is left in, the better.\n * Let the stinky piece air out. Leave it outside in the sunshine — for days, if necessary.\n * Line the drawers with dryer sheets, and let them work their magic for several days (weeks even, if the smell is quite malodorous).\n * Pour kitty litter into the drawers and leave it for several days. It should absorb the odor. Dump it out, vacuum well and sniff. Repeat, if necessary.\n * Put coffee beans inside the drawers to absorb and mask the odor.\n * Place a few jars of white vinegar inside the furniture. The vinegar smell doesn’t linger and it should remove the odor. Depending on how bad the smell is, you may need to leave the vinegar in place longer and repeat, as necessary.\n * Furniture painting pal Lori Young of Vintage Charm Restored swears by TSP cleaner, available at home improvement stores like Lowe’s and Home Depot.\n * Paint can sometimes mask and cover odors. If the neighbor paints the inside of the drawers, the smell may go away.\n * Once the drawers are clean and the odor has been removed, consider storing scented candles inside the chest of drawers. The candles will cover up any lingering scent that may return over time.\n\nThanks to bloggers Janel at Nellie Bellie and Cheri at It’s So Very Cheri!, as\nwell as my friend Kaaren, for weighing in with tips on how to get rid of\nstinky smells in furniture. And for more tips on removing odors from\nfurniture, check out this post from Living with Lindsay, and be sure to read\nthe comments for even more suggestions.\n\nFor answering this question, I think we all deserve a “get-out-of-jail-free”\ncard from the other Amy!\n\nIf you have suggestions for Amy’s friend, please add them to the comments.\nI’ll make sure you get your very own get-out-of-jail-free card for adding your\ntwo cents.\n\nCategories: Atta Girl Amy, Furniture Painting, Homekeeping Tags: cleaning,\nfurniture\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Diane says:\n\nSeptember 6, 2012 at 10:21 AM\n\nA wealth of information here...thanks! Diane recently posted..Trying Out New\nRecipes\n\nReply\n\n * Rae says:\n\nSeptember 7, 2012 at 8:11 PM\n\nAlso, crumpled pages of newspaper left in there for a few days can help.\nGround coffee (in paper towels or clean filters) also can work.\n\nReply\n\n * Faye Lehn says:\n\nOctober 1, 2014 at 5:42 PM\n\nPlease do not store scented candles in wood. That’s the smell I’m trying to\nget rid of in my china cabinet!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nOctober 3, 2014 at 10:05 PM\n\nThanks for that tip, Faye. I wouldn’t have thought about that smell lingering.\nHope you’re able to get your china cabinet smelling fresh again.\n\nReply\n\n * Ireina says:\n\nDecember 15, 2015 at 10:54 PM\n\nDid you ever get that smell out? I have something very similar on a dresser I\njust bought. Done vinegar and baking soda a few times as well as coffee beans.\nBetter but not gone. The whole room still stinks from the dresser.\n\nReply\n\n * Lynn Thayer says:\n\nNovember 4, 2014 at 1:46 PM\n\nI am looking for something that would work on a rather new piece of furniture\nbut it is not in the drawers I can smell it on the finished top of the\ndresser. I thought at first it was the dogs my daughter has so I was cleaning\neverything then I realized it was the dresser I bought her. I smelt the top of\nit and that is where the smell is coming from. It smells like dog and dirty\nclothes. It is horrible!! Please help not sure if the advice above will work\nor not.\n\nReply\n\n * Patti says:\n\nMarch 6, 2015 at 12:56 PM\n\nIf there is a smell such as cat urine,or burnt wood,use polyurethane..It will\nseal the odor!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Stacy L says:\n\nSeptember 7, 2012 at 7:03 PM\n\nAny suggestions how to get the odor out of leather couches? I have 3\ndogs...enough said, right?!! Thanks!!!\n\nReply\n\n * Catherine L Thompson says:\n\nFebruary 12, 2013 at 12:20 AM\n\nMy husband and a friend manufacture a product that is an odor Kill product\nthat works well to take care of odors. even got the smell out of a car that\nhad leather seats after it sat in a field and mice made their home in it . It\ncan be ordered online and you can read testimonials of successful treatments\nof bad odors at their site. ATX Odor Kill http://www.odorkill.com/\n\nReply\n\n 3. kim says:\n\nSeptember 7, 2012 at 8:43 PM\n\nTSP is the way to go–definitely! I have re-habbed a lot of old furniture and\nTSP is the bomb!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Amy Bly Twitter: Amy_Bly says:\n\nSeptember 8, 2012 at 9:29 AM\n\nAnother good odor-absorber is charcoal — add an open bag or tray of it to the\ndrawers and leave for a few days — this worked great when we apparently had a\nmouse or some other little critter die in the outside wall of our main floor\nguest room, and the pest removal service said it would have required cutting\nnumerous openings throughout the wall to try to find and remove it. We left a\nlarge open bag of charcoal in there for a few days, and it quickly absorbed\nthe foul odor while the critter was decaying (UGH). Another idea is KILZ,\nwhich a client selling her house used to effectively cover cat urine odors in\nthe flooring of her sunporch.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Annie Kroll says:\n\nSeptember 9, 2012 at 9:22 AM\n\nHow do you get cigarette smell out of a vehicle? A strong mix of vinegar and\nwater scrub has been tried with very little success.\n\nReply\n\n 6. samnjoeysgrama says:\n\nMarch 31, 2013 at 9:59 PM\n\nIf you buy a house where someone decided their cat should be a “free range”\nfeline with no litter box and the smell is just awful, not only do you need to\nreplace the carpet and pad, but you will need to paint the wood or concrete\nunder the carpet with something like Kilz Primer. If you don’t, in a month or\nso, that smell will come right back up through the carpet and ruin the new\ncarpet as well. Sometimes you can scrub out dog urine if it isn’t too bad, but\nNOTHING will take out cat urine. I have used a giant box of soda to get rid of\nthe smell that raccoons left up inside a chimney. It works well, but you may\nhave to repeat the treatment a couple of times. Don’t put it in water, just\ndump an inch or two on the smell dry and let it set. Not a furniture tip, but\nmight be adapted to some furniture.\n\nReply\n\n * Patti says:\n\nMarch 6, 2015 at 12:59 PM\n\nseal it with polyurethane! Works awesome!! Smells like burnt wood,cat urine to\nname a few,it works!!\n\nReply\n\n * Tara says:\n\nJune 13, 2015 at 1:55 PM\n\nI used a two step approach on old wood floors where a cat had repeatedly peed.\n(actually more, but the store bought neutralizers and removers did not help).\nI poured on vinegar, left it to soak in and dry, then mopping with bleach\nwater. The floors were already faded, so it didn’t hurt them and the smell\nnever came back.\n\nReply\n\n * Terry Barrett says:\n\nAugust 4, 2015 at 3:02 PM\n\nThis works amazing well on cat, dog, and human urine. It is an enzyme “eater”.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Linda Rielly says:\n\nApril 1, 2013 at 1:59 AM\n\nI had a dresser that had been sitting in the garage for who knows how long. It\nhad dead mice and tirds, bird feathers from them nesting in open drawers and\nmusty, molding pieces of clothing and lots of bird shit. I cleaned it up with\na touch of bleach, lots of fantastic with water. Then made newspaper pouches\nand filled each with charcoal briquets. Placed one in each drawer and left for\na couple of weeks. Stench gone. Sanded it down, refinished it, looks and\nsmells like new. This idea was given to be by a caregiver in a seniors home.\nIt was how they freshened the dresser drawers of seniors.\n\nReply\n\n 8. AnnaEberhart says:\n\nApril 10, 2013 at 10:53 AM\n\nThe charcoal trick really worked for me. I put berry baskets with a few\nbricketts in the fridge, a musty closet, under sink, and old nicotine\nsaturated furniture drawers. The bad doers may take a few days/weeks, but it\ndoes work. No harsh chemicals!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy says:\n\nApril 15, 2013 at 2:23 PM\n\nSo glad charcoal worked for you.\n\nMusty and stinky odors are a problem with old furniture, but I love hearing\nwhat has worked for other people.\n\nReply\n\n * veronica says:\n\nAugust 1, 2015 at 2:01 PM\n\nWhen you put charcoal on the drawers did you leave the drawers open or closed?\nI have an old dresser that when I brought it home stings like old and musty, I\nhave tried everything now I just bought a bag of charcoal and distribute it\n...how many pieces did you use in each drawer too?, tks\n\nReply\n\n 9. Stephanie Twitter: StephanieSNordlinDesign says:\n\nApril 12, 2013 at 3:52 PM\n\nI bought the couch of my dreams to recover, but can’t get the musty basement\nodor out of it. I tried Fabreze, leaving dryer sheets in it and putting it in\nmy living room. It has been cold, snowy/rainy since I got it last fall so I\nhaven’t been able to put it in the sun. PLEASE tell me I don’t have to replace\nall the stuffing in this couch...it’s an Ethan Allen.\n\nReply\n\n 10. Linda W Twitter: tweet234 says:\n\nMay 31, 2013 at 1:58 PM\n\nA few years ago at the recommendation of Martha Stewart, I used 100 Proof\nVodka. Cheapest bottle of vodka. I think I paid $4 for the bottle. I used it\non/in, an old buffet that had been stored in someones barn and the mice had\nhad a heyday in it! Vodka is what high-end antiques dealers use to get smells\nout of furniture. You saturate a rag with it, then wipe down all the parts of\nthe drawers, slats, inside and out, and you can actually see it dry right\nbehind where you wiped it. It will not warp the wood as it does not absorb\ninto the wood long enough. It WORKED amazingly well. I later painted the\npiece, except for inside the drawers, and to this day, it smells great! I use\nit in my craft room and even if it stays closed up for quite awhile, it still\nhas a fresh smell when reopened. I have given Vodka to others for the same\npurposes of removing odor and it works everytime. I don’t drink so the bottle\nhas lasted for years.\n\nReply\n\n * Karen Ruble says:\n\nJuly 22, 2014 at 6:23 PM\n\nWell, I am going to try the vodka. Two months ago I bought a cool piece of\nfurniture from a local antique store. The shop owner told me it was from an\nestate sale and had been in a barn. Phew! I have scrubbed it with vinegar,\nbaking soda, that didn’t work. I scrubbed it with steel wool and bleach, that\ndidn’t work. Murphy’s oil soap, nope! Right now I am using ‘grounds for the\ngarden’ from a local Starbucks. But I am upgrading to vodka. It is a piece for\nmy craft room too! I don’t want to paint it, because it has beautiful robin’s\negg blue peeling paint over english oak. The patina is great. Thanks for the\nidea!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nJuly 25, 2014 at 12:15 AM\n\nI’d love to hear how the vodka works for you.\n\nI wouldn’t paint it either. That patina sounds fabulous.\n\nIt’s possible the smell is coming from inside the piece and maybe you could\nshellac the drawers. I’ve heard that can also work to seal in the smell.\n\nReply\n\n * Karen Ruble says:\n\nOctober 6, 2014 at 12:56 PM\n\nThe vodka worked. It really neutralized the horrible smell that was coming\nfrom the wood. Thank-you for the idea...it worked!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nOctober 13, 2014 at 5:12 PM\n\nI’m glad to hear that! Thanks for letting me know. And so glad your stinky\nfurniture is no more!\n\n * VickieLou says:\n\nApril 6, 2015 at 1:57 PM\n\nThanks! I’m going to try Vodka. I have an old chest of drawers that belonged\nto my mother-in-law. The smell inside it is unbearable! I too have tried\nbaking soda, cedar blocks, vinegar, bleach, & Febreeze. None of those worked.\nRight now, the chest is sitting empty in a spare room. I can’t bear to discard\nit, but can’t use it either. Got my fingers crossed that the Vodka works. Will\npost results!\n\n * Caroline Duffy says:\n\nFebruary 4, 2015 at 8:50 PM\n\nI am in Australia and I can’t get hold of 100 proof vodka. The local DIY shop\nrecommended methylated spirits. Would this be a good substitute do you think?\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nMarch 25, 2015 at 11:18 AM\n\nI don’t have experience with methylated spirits, but it’s worth a try. And any\nproof vodka should work, I would think.\n\nReply\n\n * Rena Twitter: 2chattychicks says:\n\nJuly 11, 2015 at 10:18 AM\n\nLinda W tweet234, that is an awesome tip with the vodka..I am going to have to\ntry that. I have a dresser that has an old smell in it..and I will share with\nothers as well. A great post also. Thank you Rena\n\nReply\n\n 11. lynda says:\n\nJune 4, 2013 at 7:49 PM\n\nI use Bulls Eye Shellac- 2 coats fixes it every time. Each coat dries in about\n30 mins or less. And it is a breeze to apply! Check it out!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Kelly Twitter: eclecvintage says:\n\nJune 4, 2013 at 11:33 PM\n\nPerfect post for the thrifters among us! Kelly Kelly recently posted..Movie\nNight and a Big Bowl of Popcorn and $100 Gift Card Giveaway\n\nReply\n\n 13. Juanita says:\n\nJuly 24, 2013 at 6:10 PM\n\nI dont know if it is good for wood but Odoban (they sell it at sams and home\ndepot) is really good for getting alot of smells out. I use it mostly for\nlaundry and when my kids pee in the bed.\n\nReply\n\n * Tara says:\n\nJune 13, 2015 at 1:57 PM\n\nOdoban works great on most things, it gets cat and dog smells, and even got\nthe nasty “smoke” smell out of clothing and other items after our house fire.\n\nReply\n\n 14. Marlene says:\n\nOctober 30, 2013 at 9:57 PM\n\nI have a tip to share in just making the drawers smell better. Throw in a\ncouple cheap highly scented bars of soap helps the smell too. I’m a crafter &\nuse to decorate soap, after leaving my unused & decorated soap in a drawer I\nfound the scent really lingers. So in a few other drawers I have place a bar\nor two of my soap.\n\nWhat about mothballs cutting down on the smell? That might work too.\n\nReply\n\n * Judy Twitter: Judynow says:\n\nNovember 5, 2014 at 3:55 PM\n\nI think I’d have to suggest that the soap solution be used only short term. I\nhave odor in dresser drawers that is awful!! It’s from the bars of soap my Mom\nput in decades ago and left there. It is sooo strong it triggers my asthma and\nmakes anything and everything put in those drawers acquire the same too-strong\nodor. It can be nauseating even. I’m going to get some vodka (suggested in\nanother comment) tomorrow and see it that will get the soap smell out. Baking\nsoda for 2 months has not done the trick.\n\nReply\n\n * LCS says:\n\nApril 25, 2016 at 1:47 AM\n\nOh my! Mothballs! Yuck! Worse than the odor I’m trying to get out. I didn’t\nthink anyone ever used those anymore. That smell permeates everything and\nmakes me nauseous. I’d have to try something else just to get rid of the\nmothball odor! Plus, it triggers my asthma terribly. I think the vodka trick\nsounds like the best idea for those of us with respiratory issues. Will be\ntrying it on the leather couch we just acquired. I can’t stand the smell that\nit absorbed from prior owner’s home.\n\nReply\n\n 15. nadine nelson says:\n\nDecember 14, 2013 at 5:45 PM\n\nHow do you get the smell of mold out of wood ? I have tried coffee, washed the\ncabinet down, put vinegar in it for like ever and short of throwing it in the\ngarbage I’m at a loss. Got any ideas ?\n\nThanks nadine\n\nReply\n\n * Rachael says:\n\nApril 6, 2015 at 11:48 AM\n\nTo get the smell of old people and mold out of a dresser than came from my\nhusband’s grandma’s basement, we put a scoop of clean dry cat litter in each\ndrawer and closed them all. After a couple weeks, I dumped out the litter and\nvaccuumed, and it smelled new & clean again. I was skeptical, but it worked\ngreat!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Sharon says:\n\nFebruary 6, 2014 at 10:48 PM\n\nYou know those little packets so silica that come with new shoes or a new\npurse? After trying to mask the musty smell of an old secretary – which worked\nsomewhat – I happened to put a bunch of silica packets in it. Voila! Musty\nsmell is gone and it cost me nothing!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nFebruary 7, 2014 at 10:09 PM\n\nThat’s a great idea! I always throw those away promptly because our dog ate\none once — or at least we think she did — and it was messy. But now I’ll have\nthem and try them in some stinky drawers.\n\nReply\n\n 17. danielle says:\n\nFebruary 12, 2014 at 5:30 PM\n\nhow do you get rid of cat urine out of wood coffee table thats a octagon shape\n\nReply\n\n 18. http://Www.mental-health-coop.com/ says:\n\nApril 13, 2014 at 9:58 PM\n\nThank you, I’ve recently been searching for info about this subject for a long\ntime and yours is the best I’ve came upon till now. However, what concerning\nthe conclusion? Are you certain in regards to the source? http://Www.mental-\nhealth-coop.com/ recently posted..http://Www.mental-health-coop.com/\n\nReply\n\n 19. Sonya says:\n\nJuly 18, 2014 at 10:53 PM\n\nLp me please!I have my grandmother’s old cedar chest.Someone in the past put\nmothballs in it.I have tried wiping it down with water, cleaning it with\nvinegar, letting it air out for days outside, putting crimpled newspaper & I’m\nat my wits end. The smell always comes back after a few days with the lid\nclosed. Help me please!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nJuly 25, 2014 at 12:26 AM\n\nHi Sonya, sorry for not replying sooner. Have you tried spritzing it with\nvodka to clean and then letting it air out. People also swear by charcoal.\n\nAnother option would be to shellac the interior, but you may not want to do\nthat with a cedar chest. I found another article that suggests cranking up the\nheat (or in the summer storing the piece of furniture in a hot space (the\nattic perhaps) open, so the smell will dissipate. Here’s the link:\nhttp://www.ehow.com/how_4453525_get-rid-mothball-smell.html I hope that helps.\nThe secret seems to be dry heat plus ventilation.\n\nReply\n\n * Bobbie Anderson says:\n\nAugust 3, 2014 at 9:25 PM\n\nYou could try sanding the inside with fine grade sandpaper, then anyone of the\nprevious tips might work better. I sand cedar blocks after they loose there\nsmell and put them back in a closet so it smells nice\n\nReply\n\n * Phyll Nourie Twitter: phyllsews says:\n\nAugust 24, 2014 at 5:34 PM\n\nI would try the vodka, let it dry for a few days. Then sand the interior with\na very rough sandpaper. vacuum the dust out then sand again with a very fine\nsandpaper. Mothballs are a “chemical” and have soaked into the wood. The\nsanding may remove the wood that holding the odor.\n\nReply\n\n 20. jill says:\n\nAugust 21, 2014 at 1:50 PM\n\nwhen I bought my dream home, it came with a “pot-belly-pig” smell : / my Mom\n(a framer) said to use powdered lime(comes in bags), dump it, slit open bag\nand sit it, or pour into little pouches and leave in drawers, or wherever\nneeded. Worked for me!\n\nReply\n\n 21. jill says:\n\nAugust 21, 2014 at 1:51 PM\n\nwhen I bought my dream home, it came with a “pot-belly-pig” smell : / my Mom\n(a farmer) said to use powdered lime(comes in bags), dump it, slit open bag\nand sit it, or pour into little pouches and leave in drawers, or wherever\nneeded. Worked for me!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nAugust 21, 2014 at 9:25 PM\n\nThat’s a great idea! I would definitely trust a farmer, and it sounds like\nyour mom’s suggestion really worked well for you.\n\nOf course, now I’m curious why the house had a pig smell. Did the former owner\nhave a pig as a pet?\n\nReply\n\n 22. Jill says:\n\nAugust 22, 2014 at 4:53 PM\n\nYes they did have a pot belly pig for a pet. I found this out when I mentioned\nto the neighbor about the smell and was filled in. The piggy had freedom to\nroam in some rooms and the patio deck and fenced in yard.\n\nReply\n\n 23. Mary Schmitz says:\n\nAugust 25, 2014 at 10:01 PM\n\nWhen I was working in a flower shop, an antiques dealer would come in and buy\neucalyptus branches. When they would get a musty or mousy smelling chest, they\nwould put the branches in the drawers to combat the odors. Works in musty\nclosets also\n\nReply\n\n 24. Sharon Twitter: wolffsflea says:\n\nDecember 11, 2014 at 8:23 PM\n\nFresh Wave gel places in a small bowl does the trick.\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nDecember 12, 2014 at 5:04 PM\n\nThanks for the tip!\n\nReply\n\n 25. Plain Jane says:\n\nDecember 27, 2014 at 10:00 PM\n\nI used to work for a trucking company that occasionally hauled “green hides”\nfrom a beef processing plant in TX to a leather goods manufacturer in NY. We\nalways used a combo of a straight apple cider vinegar wash & XL cans of the\ncheapest ground coffee available (repeated as necessary) to remove that awful\nstench from our truck trailers, so I would think it should work on just about\nanything else.\n\nReply\n\n 26. Mary Catherine Allison says:\n\nDecember 30, 2014 at 10:43 PM\n\nI purchased a very old pine blanket chest at auction that I had not done a\nsniff test on. It really smelled bad! I tried baking soda and coffee grounds\nafter I throughly washed it, but neither helped. I thought it was a lost cause\nso I used it to store some cedar scrap wood and pine cones I had gathered to\nmake wreaths with. To my surprise, it no longer stinks and I can now use it to\nstore anything.\n\nReply\n\n 27. Heather says:\n\nDecember 31, 2014 at 8:13 PM\n\nI refinished a dresser this past summer that had been in my parents basement\nfor several years. It was musty smelling. I filled each drawer with cedar\nshavings (small animal bedding) and kept it closed for a week or so. After I\nused stripper to remove the paint, I discovered that a corner smelled like a\ncat had peed/marked it. I have cats, so if there is any lingering smell, they\nwill certainly remark it. I cleaned it with vinegar, scrubbed with steel wool,\nmade a paste of baking soda and vinegar. Nothing was working. I finally had a\nfew dry days and I left it out in the sun. I gave up at that point and applied\nthe first coat of stain. I couldn’t smell the urine anymore. I’m not sure\nwhich was key, the sunlight, or the stain. If it happens again, I’ll try\nperoxide or vodka.\n\nReply\n\n 28. Grace says:\n\nJanuary 5, 2015 at 8:18 PM\n\nAnyone have suggestions for getting cigarette smoke out of a house and it’s\ncontents. We inherited a house that we’re trying to sell. We cleaned all\ncarpeting, washed down all the walls with some professiona cleaner and we’ve\nsprayed all the rooms with air freshener. The problem is is that no one is\nliving in the house anymore so the windows are never opened. When we visit we\nalways are aware of the odor and so does anyone looking at the house. Since\nit’s now winter we can’talk open the windows while we visit. Any suggestions\nas to what we can leave in the house while we’re not there? We’ve also tried\ncharcoal and vinegar but these don’the work either.\n\nReply\n\n * Colleen Wimmer says:\n\nJanuary 16, 2015 at 2:08 PM\n\nI would use a Healthmate Jr. filter and leave it on a low setting all the\ntime. I was introduced to it by a friend when the house we were renting showed\nsigns of mold on the walls that were not well insulated. (We no longer live\nthere, thank god!). I had a toddler and was very concerned. The filter worked\nbeautifully! I still have it and use it on occasion for various reasons:\ncrafting with strong paint, the manure smell in spring from local farms, if\nit’s too cold outside to let in fresh air, when we have a cold in the house.\nIt’s a bit of investment, but if you are trying to sell the house, it will be\nwell worth it! It will remove the odors from the room, but I don’t know if it\nwill aid in getting rid of the odor all together. Maybe. It would try it.\n\nSo another suggestion... I don’t know what product you used on your walls, but\none time when I rented a smoke-ridden place, I did use TSP and it worked. But\ntake care to research a bit if it is toxic, to breathe or get on the skin.\nSome stuff I used back in the day I wouldn’t touch now. Environmental Working\nGroup’s cleaning products database is a fantastic resource in this regard.\n\nReply\n\n * carmen says:\n\nAugust 7, 2015 at 3:34 PM\n\nyou can rent a machine its like a ionizer run it in each room going over\neverything and then just let it run in center of the room, I used to strip all\nthe furniture and items from condo’s for resale and this is what we did for\nthe smoker’s. it does work, because its gets into the walls furniture, wood\netc.\n\nReply\n\n * LCS says:\n\nApril 25, 2016 at 1:54 AM\n\nYou can call a company that specializes in restorations after fires. They use\nsmoke abatement equipment. In my house, we also use an ionic air cleaner,\nbecause I have severe asthma. It helped me tremendously when we stayed in a\nhome that had smoke odors.\n\nReply\n\n * Wendy says:\n\nSeptember 17, 2016 at 10:34 AM\n\nSCOE10x.com....this stuff is fantastic\n\nReply\n\n 29. Janet says:\n\nJanuary 25, 2015 at 9:33 AM\n\nI up cycle a lot of old furniture. If the root cause of the bad smell isn’t\nmold or some funk that needs to otherwise be removed by cleaning, I’ve had\ngood success with putting a dryer sheet in a drawer or cabinet. Great for\nputting in garbage cans too. Just place the sheet at the bottom of the\ncontainer then insert the bag.\n\nReply\n\n 30. john says:\n\nJanuary 30, 2015 at 9:50 AM\n\nI put scent booster pellets(washing mashine additive) in a spray bottle of hot\nwater to to disolve and use on furniture fabric to rid of musty smells.\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nFebruary 3, 2015 at 9:20 PM\n\nI just got some of these scent booster pellets for the wash. I’m going to try\nthese on the next piece of stinky furniture I find! Great idea!\n\nReply\n\n 31. Jacquie Hess says:\n\nJanuary 30, 2015 at 11:34 PM\n\nClear Shellac from Zinnser in a spray can is supposed to block the smell. Its\na stain and odor blocker. Spray all over inside the stinky area like you would\nwhen spray painting something.\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nFebruary 3, 2015 at 9:18 PM\n\nGreat idea! I actually plan to use shellac when we replace the carpet in our\nbedroom. There is one spot that my elderly dog has become too familiar with,\nand I’m planning on shellacing the subfloor so that any odor does not return\nor attract her to the spot again.\n\nReply\n\n 32. Lisa G says:\n\nJanuary 31, 2015 at 6:55 PM\n\nMy husband bought me an antique vanity that had been “refinished” but the\nseller admitted it had suffered water damage. All the sanding and staining had\nnot even touched the musty & mildew-y smell, ugh! I refused to store anything\nin it until the smell was 100% gone. I tried vinegar first...left bowls of it\nin the drawers...not much improvement. Tried cat litter left in for over a\nweek...better but still stinky. Poured baking soda in the drawers and left in\nfor a few weeks...got better but still not gone completely. Lastly, wadded up\nnewspaper in all the drawers and left for over a month. Smelled 90% better!\nbut I was too eager to get it to 100%. I added Yankee candle wax tarts to the\ndrawers and left for a week or so. Finally, the smell was gone or I became\nnose blind. Every now and then when I open the drawers I can smell a faint\nmusty smell but not anything like it was in the beginning.\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nFebruary 3, 2015 at 9:16 PM\n\nWow, it sounds like you were very diligent and finally were able to get rid of\nthe odors. It’s tough with old, stinky furniture, and I’ve found that\ndifferent solutions work for different smells. I am definitely going to\nremember to use Yankee candle wax tarts. I’ve also gotten a lot of other great\nideas from the comments on this post. I need to write an update!\n\nReply\n\n 33. Anita O'Bryan says:\n\nFebruary 21, 2015 at 11:59 PM\n\nI tried most all of the options listed here to no avail. The furniture had\nbeen in dry storage for years and nothing that I tried helped. Leaving it\noutside was not an option. After weeks of the terrible smell my Dad advise me\nto try charcoal. I did and after a bit the smell disappeared.\n\nReply\n\n 34. nedra cummings says:\n\nMarch 9, 2015 at 7:29 PM\n\nI have an wood cabinet with drawers that I used to store scented candles in on\nof the drawers. I am now wanting to move it to my kitchen to use as a bakers\ncabinet and would like to store baking supplies (flour, etc.) in the drawer\nwhere I stored the candles. The candle smell is very strong. How can I get rid\nof this and bar in mind i can’t use anything on it that is not food friendly.\nPleas help.\n\nReply\n\n 35. nedra cummings says:\n\nMarch 9, 2015 at 7:30 PM\n\nI have a wood cabinet with drawers that I used to store scented candles in on\nof the drawers. I am now wanting to move it to my kitchen to use as a bakers\ncabinet and would like to store baking supplies (flour, etc.) in the drawer\nwhere I stored the candles. The candle smell is very strong. How can I get rid\nof this and bear in mind i can’t use anything on it that is not food friendly.\nPlease help.\n\nReply\n\n 36. Teresa says:\n\nMarch 24, 2015 at 10:54 PM\n\nNature’s miracle will take the cat urine smell out of anything.\n\nReply\n\n 37. Avi B. says:\n\nApril 1, 2015 at 9:28 PM\n\nI have a small antique dresser that sat in someone’s shed for years and has an\nodor. I have washed, stripped, re washed, sanded, wiped with mineral spirits,\nsprinkled with baking soda and washed again yet the smell still lingers. I’m\nwilling to try the kitty litter, charcoal, vodka, etc. but I’m wondering if\nanyone tried a scented oil wood polish or mineral oil mixed with essential\noils as a final step? Just hoping that once the smell is gone maybe I can get\na better scent in.\n\nReply\n\n 38. Diana says:\n\nApril 21, 2015 at 9:49 AM\n\nMy husbands Grandmother put moth balls in a cedar chest years ago. Is there\nanything I can do to get rid of that smell?\n\nReply\n\n 39. marie says:\n\nMay 12, 2015 at 4:57 PM\n\nhelped clean out old barn. was given some cool wood furniture etc. the problem\nis that there were mice nests in the drawers, raccoon poop on some areas, and\nbird dropping on top. my question is this; is it safe to clean and repurpose\nthese pieces of furniture\n\nReply\n\n 40. Renee says:\n\nMay 23, 2015 at 9:27 AM\n\nNilodor....magic solution! Check it out nilodor.com – we’ve used this product\nmany times for odor left by cats spraying in basement windows...just put a few\ndrops ln cotton ball, leave on window sill a few days and smell disappears!\n\nReply\n\n 41. Donna says:\n\nMay 25, 2015 at 6:58 AM\n\ni have had some chest of drawers that needed this help and found a great tip.\nAfter cleansing the surfaces inside and out, Place a bar of great smelling\nsoap into the drawer. I used Caress! My undies thanked me too!\n\nReply\n\n 42. Catherine says:\n\nMay 31, 2015 at 12:51 PM\n\nHave a vinyl hanging pantry for my pop up camper that smelled like mothballs.\nVodka really helped. I used part of a big bottle of citrus flavored I had\nsitting around so I doubt it really matters what kind. Also mixed in a few\ndrops of tea tree oil just to see what would happen.\n\nReply\n\n 43. Mary Cass A. says:\n\nJune 13, 2015 at 9:48 PM\n\nI bought an old pine blanket chest that swelled really musty. I think that it\nhad been stored in a barn. I tried washing it out, using baking soda, using\ncoffee grounds with no luck. I kind of gave up and stored some pine cones and\npieces of cedar wood in it. After several weeks I decided to use it to store\nsomething else and to my surprise when I opened the chest, the stink was gone!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nJune 15, 2015 at 8:45 AM\n\nThat’s great. I’m going to have to remember that tip!\n\nReply\n\n 44. Jen says:\n\nJune 22, 2015 at 11:03 AM\n\nI recently bought a dresser set that has a horrible stale cigarette odor in\nthe drawers. How can I get that smell out so I can store my clothes in it?\nI’ll give the Vodka method a try..\n\nReply\n\n 45. christine says:\n\nJune 28, 2015 at 5:21 AM\n\nHow do you get cigarette smoke out of furniture on the outside of the\nfurniture? Please send answer to my email.\n\nReply\n\n 46. Kellie says:\n\nJuly 20, 2015 at 7:02 PM\n\nI bought a beautiful hutch from a friend with indoor cats. When I was wiping\nit down with Amish Wood Milk, I noticed the odor of cats, not sure if they\npeed on it or the wood just absorbed the smell? Will the vodka ruin the stain\nand finish of the wood? Thanks in advance!\n\nReply\n\n 47. Jo says:\n\nAugust 9, 2015 at 10:17 PM\n\nMy hub & I love to go to rummage sales. He thought he’d surprise me one day &\nbought my a large box of yarn. (I am also crafty). Proud as can be, he brought\nthis big box of yarn in to show me his thoughtful gift. As I opened the box\nand stuck my head closer for a better look, I nearly retched. The person who\nhad the box was most definitely a HEAVY smoker and this box had been sitting\nin a very musty place. There was no way that I would use this yarn to make\nthings for others. The smell was overwhelming. Hub & all his wisdom said “oh,\nthat’s easy, all you’ve got to do is stuff a bunch of crumpled up newspaper up\nin the box and just leave it sit for a while”. Mrs. Oh I doubt that will cover\nall that smell, begrudgingly did as he said. Do you know he had the audacity\nto be right? I opened the box about 2 months later (fully prepared to throw\nthe contents away), and was totally amazed! There was no smell at all in the\nbox (or the news paper for that matter). Now when anything gets packed away, I\ncrumple news paper up in the boxes as I pack them. Try it, it’s the cheapest\nfix out there! If it doesn’t work for you, go ahead and start spending $ on it\n😉\n\nReply\n\n 48. Jo says:\n\nAugust 9, 2015 at 10:36 PM\n\nIn reference to my post of removing smells from a box of yarn. My hub. got the\nidea from his former boss. He was a painting contractor. They had a “fire job”\nto do. The client had an old cedar chest that she thought was ruined so she\nthrew it away. All they did was use steel wool on the inside to scuff up the\ngrain (lightly), then pack it full of crumpled up news papers. They used a\nrefinisher for the out side, but you could still smell the smoke on the inside\n(& no cedar smell). This was well over 30 years ago, & to this day there is no\nsmoke smell but you can smell the cedar. Go figure.\n\nReply\n\n 49. Cindy says:\n\nAugust 10, 2015 at 8:15 AM\n\nI use Odoban on everything! It’s the only thing I’ve found that truly removes\nthe smell of cat urine. It’s environmentally friendly and isn’t tested on\nanimals. I use it as a fabric refresher on stinky wood (don’t use too much at\nonce), and it doesn’t contain the toxic chemicals found in commercial fabric\nrefreshers. I also dilute some in water to gently wipe down surfaces. It\nworks!\n\nReply\n\n 50. Matija says:\n\nAugust 18, 2015 at 6:13 AM\n\nHi there, not to say too much: tottaly awesome and practical tips. Thank you.\nWil follow. Matija, Slovenia\n\nReply\n\n 51. BoTaylor says:\n\nOctober 2, 2015 at 3:03 PM\n\nI would like to strangle the people who suggest using vinegar to clean WOOD\ndressers!!!! I did, it stripped the finish off and the dresser still smells\nhorrible. 😞\n\nReply\n\n 52. BoTaylor says:\n\nOctober 2, 2015 at 11:33 PM\n\nI wrote a previous comment and it was never posted. I see there are some old\nposts. Maybe delete an old post and add mine. I want people to know, cleaning\nreal wood with vinegar can strip the finish. I would like to strangle the\nperson that suggested vinegar. I have ruined the dresser. It smells terrible\nAND looks horrible. Thanks a lot!!\n\nReply\n\n 53. Deborah says:\n\nNovember 1, 2015 at 6:43 AM\n\nI have also read to shellac a piece to “seal” any odors.. Every square inch!\nAnd if using chalk paint it will still adhere to the piece. However, that has\nseemed like such a daunting task I have never tried it! I have two huge French\nprovential piece to do and I have left them sitting just because of the odor\nissue! Thanks for your advice, now maybe I’ll get started!!!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nNovember 1, 2015 at 8:31 PM\n\nDefinitely shellac is an option for combating odors. I haven’t done it myself,\nbut I know a lot of furniture painters who have. They also say you should use\nshellac to seal any mahogany or knotty pine pieces to prevent bleed-through,\nespecially if you’re using a lighter color. Let me know how it goes with your\nFrench provincial pieces. I’d love to see the finished pieces.\n\nReply\n\n 54. Judy Townsend says:\n\nNovember 4, 2015 at 8:34 AM\n\nGreat tips! Instead of vinegar in the furniture I put lemons. I cut one lemon\non slices and put them in different cupboards. Thank you for sharing your\npost! Greetings!\n\nReply\n\n 55. Belinda patrick says:\n\nJanuary 7, 2016 at 1:55 AM\n\nSpraying the inside of the drawers with clear spray paint is also very\neffective.\n\nReply\n\n 56. Ashlyn Twitter: lovesthefind says:\n\nJanuary 23, 2016 at 8:54 AM\n\nGreat tips!! I love old furniture but the smell isn’t that great that comes\nwith it http://www.lovesthefind.com\n\nReply\n\n 57. Glenda says:\n\nJanuary 23, 2016 at 11:31 AM\n\nI have found, for removing musty smells, wipe clean with lysol inside and out,\nball up newspaper, sprinkle with vanilla extract, close drawers, let sit in\nwarm place or sun (if piece will take it ) for a week or longer. Remove,\nsniff, repeat if necessary.\n\nReply\n\n 58. Ellen Manson says:\n\nJanuary 25, 2016 at 9:49 PM\n\nOne of our grandchildren fell asleep and had an accident in one of a matching\nset of new club chairs with matching ottomans. It happened at night. By the\nnext morning the smell of urine was strong all around the chair. Really\nstrong. My thoughts about the situation were 1. The chair in its present shape\nis headed to the dumpster. 2. If I take this chair out on the deck and pour\ngallons of warm soapy water over the stained area, hose it down with a garden\nhose until the water runs clear and it ruins it, so what! So that is what I\ndid. It worked perfectly. It smelled fresh and no trace of odor. We have been\nusing it for years since. Important to know: The temperature outside was 98\ndegrees more or less. I left it in the sun all day, brought it in before dark\nand kept a fan blowing on it that evening. I checked the tag on the chair\nregarding type of fabric and cleaning instructions. In my case it didn’t\nmatter but some fabrics cannot be washed!\n\nReply\n\n 59. Ellen Manson says:\n\nJanuary 25, 2016 at 10:20 PM\n\nFor cleaning stinky furniture: Take the furniture outside or into the garage.\nTake all drawers and/or shelves out. Dilute Murphy Oil Soap in water according\nto directions. Scrub it down inside and out until the water is relatively\nclear. If the odor is strong or the piece was covered in dirt, repeat above\nprocess. Wash it down with a garden hose. Pat it dry with soft absorbent\ncloths. Apply lemon oil with a soft cloth.\n\nReply\n\n 60. Michele says:\n\nFebruary 2, 2016 at 3:37 PM\n\nIv’e tried many things for bad smelling furniture, and the only one that has\nworked for me is 1 part CLEAR shellac, and 1 part DENATURED alcohol. I mix it\nin a jar, shake it up good and paint the inside of of the offending piece.\nSometimes you can just get away with painting the inside of a drawer or two\nand sometimes you have to paint the inside of a whole piece. Whatever it is,\nthis will work. Once in a while you have to do two coats. Just know that it\ngoes on fast and dries fast. There are some smells that just don’t give up\nwith one coat. I swear by it. Give it a try. You have nothing to lose but a\nBAD smell.\n\nReply\n\n 61. Sarah says:\n\nFebruary 7, 2016 at 4:22 AM\n\nHi there, I recently purchased a turn of the century dentist cabinet that has\nan extremely strong odour of dental chemicals that I would love some advice on\nhow to try and remove? It was in the dental clinic for 3 generations, so smell\nis very overwhelming. It seems more prominent in the top glass sections of the\nunit, so I am assuming items were only stored there as the drawers etc don’t\nseem too bad? Item is currently painted in an organic type paint, but I was\ngoing to strip, stain and varnish? Any advise would be great, as I love this\nunit but the smell is almost unbearable.\n\nReply\n\n 62. Nancy says:\n\nFebruary 17, 2016 at 7:11 PM\n\nI can’t thank you enough for these ideas! Always turning down “smelly”\nbargains at yard sales. Never again! Nancy recently posted..Four Sturdy Wire\nPlanters for 99 Cents Each\n\nReply\n\n 63. Brenda Rocha says:\n\nFebruary 28, 2016 at 4:16 PM\n\nGreat ideas. Will these work for furniture that has been exposed to years of\ncigarette smoke? I am renting a furnished bedroom and the furniture is\ndisgustingly odiferous! It is made out of compressed wood. The whole room\nstinks . It is a temporary situation and can’t move. HELP!!!!\n\nReply\n\n 64. Michelle says:\n\nMarch 21, 2016 at 4:23 PM\n\nThis is a great article! Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 65. Kat says:\n\nApril 30, 2016 at 10:29 AM\n\nI bought an old art decco wardrobe and it smelled awful. I tried vinegar,\nbaking soda and coffee whole bean and ground. The only thing that worked was\nthose laundry freshener beads. I bought the ones made like Gain. It worked\nbeautifully! No more yucky smell!\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nMay 7, 2016 at 11:51 AM\n\nThat’s a great tip, Kat. I haven’t tried those in furniture, but I can see how\nthose would totally work. Are you talking about the fabric softener beads that\nyou put in the wash? Just want to make sure I’m clear on what you’re using so\nI can add this to the list of tips in the blog post.\n\nReply\n\n 66. Lee Ann says:\n\nJune 19, 2016 at 1:01 AM\n\nI learned from a resort owner that she used an ozone machine to eliminate\ncigarette and cigar odors from a unit used by smokers on a 3 week fishing\nvacation. It totally removed all the odors. However, it can only be used for\n24 hours because then it starts to break down any fabrics in the room –\ndrapes, bedspreads, etc. Another time a friend used an ozone machine to remove\nodors from several pieces of antique furniture that had been in a mouse-\ninfested house. Then she used it in the house itself. It worked great in both\ninstances. I called a hazmat cleaning supply company once, wondering what they\nused at stinky crime scenes. They have products that run the gamut from the\nmildest to the severest imaginable cleaning/odor needs. They’re a good\nresource because they know about chemical properties in stains and odors the\nrest of us don’t need to know, thankfully, so were good about offering easy,\ninexpensive but effective solutions as well. They may even know where to rent\nsomething like an ozone machine. Some friends used one on things that smelled\nsmoky but not badly enough to be thrown out after a small house fire after the\nfire dept removed their big fans. It never hurts to ask questions. Otherwise,\nI’d never have learned years ago that an ozone machine for getting rid of\nodors even existed.\n\nReply\n\n * Atta Girl Amy Twitter: attagirlsays says:\n\nJune 20, 2016 at 9:03 PM\n\nGreat suggestions, Lee Ann.\n\nReply\n\n 67. Patti says:\n\nJuly 23, 2016 at 8:30 PM\n\nTry placing all the stinky furniture in a room with an ironizer, turn it on\nclose the door and seal the bottom of the door with a rolled up towel. Do not\nhave it running in an open room and keep pets and children away from it. It is\nbad for your lungs. I don’t know if you can rent them anymore. Places that\ndeal with fire clean up may be able to help you. We put ours in an root cellar\nin the basement, seal off the door and in less than 24 hours the furniture\nsmells better than new. Good luck?\n\nReply\n\n 68. Pat says:\n\nSeptember 20, 2016 at 4:06 PM\n\nI am at loss as to what to do with a antique dresser i bought, the outside of\nit beautiful, , my fault I did not check the inside and drawers. but I did\nthink there was a bit of a peculiar smell to it,but wouldn’t be a problem i\nuse different methods to get rid of smells in furniture I buy. . The lady said\nit had came out of a old shed and husband had saturated all the inside of the\nwood dresser and the four large drawers with many spray cans of bug killer.\nThe smell is so powerful just taking the drawers out is awfell. washed it all\nwith bleach., then vinegar,, tried baking soda,,hydrogen peroxide , cat\nlitter, newspaper and charcoal I have stood , the drawers and dresser outside\nhoping the smell will go. Now it seems to smell like cat pee as well, probably\nall the chemicals have blended to make the smell even worse. I do not want to\nspray sealer. This foul smell is 10 times worse than cat pee smell . I noticed\nmention of Vodka, but what is vodka that would make the smell disappear ? I\nthink there is no hope left for this beautiful victorian dresser.\n\nReply\n\n 69. jennjin says:\n\nOctober 27, 2016 at 2:38 AM\n\nI’m not sure why people suggest vinegar for removing odors? I have a room mate\nwho tried placing glasses of vinegar in their room as an air freshener, and\nthe smell of sour pickles filled the hallway outside their room. I told then\nto cut it out as it didn’t smell good at all.\n\nReply\n\n### Trackbacks\n\n 1. HomeTalking about Painted Furniture says:\n\nOctober 23, 2012 at 12:01 AM\n\n[...] of my most popular posts on the site is about how to remove odors from\nold furniture. I shared my blog post about stinky furniture, along with my\ntips for getting rid of smells, and dozens of Hometalkers chimed in with their\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n 2. Southern Revivals + The Blogland Tour - Southern Revivals says:\n\nAugust 11, 2014 at 11:53 PM\n\n[...] One of the best secrets to know about if you’re working with old\nfurniture is How to get rid of stinky smells in old furniture. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 3. Amy’s Awesome Furniture Deodorizing Tips | Refashion Nation says:\n\nMarch 23, 2015 at 1:21 AM\n\n[...] shares her top thrifty tips for ridding old furniture of unpleasant\nodours over on Atta Girl [...]\n\nReply\n\n### Speak Your Mind Cancel reply\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Popular Posts\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * Decoupaged Lace Foam Pumpkins\n * Jewel Tone Fall Fireplace Mantel Decor\n * Hot Buttered Rum with Infused Spiced Rum\n * Delicious & Easy 14-Day Sweet Pickle Recipe\n * Peach Trifle Icebox Cake\n\nWooden Wristwatch\n\n#### Grab my button!\n\n<center><a href=\"http://www.attagirlsays.com\"><img\nsrc=\"http://www.attagirlsays.com/wp-\ncontent/uploads/2012/03/button.png\"/></a></center>\n\nReturn to top of page\n\nCopyright © 2017 AttaGirl Says · Logo by: Boni Design · Site design by:\nLexiLyn Studio using The Genesis Framework\n\nSubscribe to my newsletter\n\nSubscribe to my newsletter\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.hunker.com/12002353/how-to-use-vinegar-to-remove-a-smoke-smell", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410145717/https://www.hunker.com/12002353/how-to-use-vinegar-to-remove-a-smoke-smell", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Use Vinegar to Remove a Smoke Smell", "passages": [ "Smoke smell in your home from cigarettes or a fireplace can permeate the fibers of upholstery, carpet and clothing. Smoking outdoors and making sure your fireplace works properly can help avoid smoke odors in the home, but if the smell is there you can remove it with home remedies. Vinegar is a natural odor neutralizer and remover and can be used to rid your home of a smoke smell.", "Pour 2 cups white vinegar into a bucket and add a half-gallon of warm water. Dampen a clean cloth with the vinegar solution and use it to wash all hard surfaces, such as furniture, flooring and fireplace surfaces, to remove a smoke smell.", "Wet a clean cloth with straight white vinegar. Wring out excess liquid then wave the cloth around the room to remove fresh smoke smell. The vinegar neutralizes and removes the odor.", "Place a small bowl of vinegar in each room that has a heavy smoke smell. Leave the bowl there for one day to help get rid of the smell.", "Lay a piece of white bread in a bowl and pour enough white vinegar on the bread to wet it. Place the bowl with the vinegar bread in small spaces, such as closets, bathrooms or your car, to absorb and neutralize smoke smell. Discard the bread after one day.", "Mary Ylisela is a former teacher with a Bachelor of Arts in elementary education and mathematics. She has been a writer since 1996, specializing in business, fitness and education. Prior to teaching, Ylisela worked as a certified fitness instructor and a small-business owner." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Use Vinegar to Remove a Smoke Smell | Hunker\n\nJoin Our Newsletter\n\nJoin Our Newsletter\n\n * SAVE\n\n# How to Use Vinegar to Remove a Smoke Smell\n\nBy Mary Ylisela\n\nHunker may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story.\n\n### Things You'll Need\n\n * Bucket\n\n * White vinegar\n\n * Clean cloths\n\n * Bowls\n\n * White bread\n\n### Tip\n\nBoil vinegar on the stove top to remove burned food and smoke smells in the\nkitchen.\n\nFill a spray bottle with vinegar and spritz in the air to get rid of smoke\nsmell.\n\nAdd 1 cup vinegar to the wash cycle to get smoke smell out of clothing and\nwashable upholstery.\n\nSmoke smell in your home from cigarettes or a fireplace can permeate the\nfibers of upholstery, carpet and clothing. Smoking outdoors and making sure\nyour fireplace works properly can help avoid smoke odors in the home, but if\nthe smell is there you can remove it with home remedies. Vinegar is a natural\nodor neutralizer and remover and can be used to rid your home of a smoke\nsmell.\n\n## Step 1\n\nPour 2 cups white vinegar into a bucket and add a half-gallon of warm water.\nDampen a clean cloth with the vinegar solution and use it to wash all hard\nsurfaces, such as furniture, flooring and fireplace surfaces, to remove a\nsmoke smell.\n\n## Step 2\n\nWet a clean cloth with straight white vinegar. Wring out excess liquid then\nwave the cloth around the room to remove fresh smoke smell. The vinegar\nneutralizes and removes the odor.\n\n## Step 3\n\nPlace a small bowl of vinegar in each room that has a heavy smoke smell. Leave\nthe bowl there for one day to help get rid of the smell.\n\n## Step 4\n\nLay a piece of white bread in a bowl and pour enough white vinegar on the\nbread to wet it. Place the bowl with the vinegar bread in small spaces, such\nas closets, bathrooms or your car, to absorb and neutralize smoke smell.\nDiscard the bread after one day.\n\nreferences\n\n * University of Kentucky: Odors: What's That Smell?\n * Vinegar Book: Vinegar Tips: Remove Smoke Odors With Vinegar\n * Reader's Digest: 150+ Household Uses for Vinegar: Get Rid of Smoke Odor\n\n### Mary Ylisela\n\nMary Ylisela is a former teacher with a Bachelor of Arts in elementary\neducation and mathematics. She has been a writer since 1996, specializing in\nbusiness, fitness and education. Prior to teaching, Ylisela worked as a\ncertified fitness instructor and a small-business owner.\n\nHunker may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story.\n\n## PEOPLE ARE READING\n\n1\n\n### How to Remove the Creosote Smell\n\n2\n\n### How to Naturally Remove Smoke Smells After a Fire\n\n3\n\n### How to Remove Pine Sol Odor\n\n4\n\n### How to Get Musty Smell Out of Chest of Drawers\n\n5\n\n### How to Get Soot Charcoal Out of the Couch\n\n6\n\n### How to Get Rid of the Smell From Burnt Toast\n\nLet’s be friends.\n\nThank you for subscribing to our newsletter!\n\nWe respect your privacy.\n\n© 2021 Leafgroup LTD. / Leafgroup Lifestyle Manage Preferences\n\nBy creating an account you agree to the Hunker Terms of Use and Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.theartofdoingstuff.com/how-to-get-rid-of-that-musty-old-people-smell/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210911004233/https://www.theartofdoingstuff.com/how-to-get-rid-of-that-musty-old-people-smell/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Get Rid of that Musty Old People Smell", "passages": [ "I think I’ve made it pretty clear that I like old stuff. It makes me happy. It makes me feel relaxed and content. It makes me want to use words like whippersnapper and hooligan while holding a rolling pin in one hand and a television remote the size of a box of cereal in the other.", "The only real problem I’ve ever had regarding my love of old things is this; If it is old ... it will smell. As an example, have you ever met an old cheese, old sock or old person that didn’t smell?", "Several years ago I bought this luggage set. And when I bought it, it smelled. Poorly. Like a musty, musty, must bucket.", "I don’t actually keep my luggage on my front hall table, I just thought it was a nice way for you to get a good gander at it.", "“Gander” is one of the words I intend to use on more of a regular basis when I get old.", "Quite frankly I can’t wait to get so old I can say and do whatever I want without anyone looking at me like I’m a lunatic. When you’re young and you declare in an exceptionally loud voice that you think the person in front of you in line at the grocery store is a “whack job” you come off as judgemental and mean. When you’re old and you do the same thing, you’re just “a lively old gal”.", "Unless you’re feeling poorly. In which case you should probably sucker some other poor sod into opening up the stink box.", "Just pour a box of kitty litter into the offending piece of luggage. Yup. The whole box. Pour it right in there.", "When the week is up, just empty the kitty litter and fill your luggage with whatever you choose to. I use my fresh smelling train case as my sewing box and it looks like this!", "You can use this litter trick with almost anything. Musty vintage clothing? Shove it in a plastic bag and cover the piece with kitty litter. Tie the bag up and leave it for a week!", "The plastic bag technique works great with just about anything that smells old and musty. Although, I probably wouldn’t recommend this exact procedure with old people.", "Most of ’em are feisty. If you try and cover them in kitty litter and shove them in a plastic bag chances are they’ll knock you right on your keister.", "why do you suppose there is an “old people” smell, most old people still bathe? don’t they? and how did that smell get in my armoire or your suitcases? curious! and as i get older (past 60) i realize i just don’t care what people think so i say what i want...oh wait, i did that when i was 20 too, oh well, it was a thought!", "Liz! I liken the smell to “puppy breath” smell, “baby” smell and “random weird fridge” smell. None of them are explainable. ~ karen!", "Yeah, yeah, great suggestions, BUT... WHERE did you get that FABULOUS TABLE?!?!?!? The silver, pedestal one? OMG. Must have it!", "Jem – :) I got the table at Homesense (Homegoods in the U.S.) last year. Thanks. I’m kindda fond of it too. – karen", "Love the stack of old suitcases! They look like they’re smiling at me :D I wonder if we can find a way to fill my grandparents’ entire house with kitty litter... I would say get them a ton of cats, but then their house will just smell like poo.", "I find that using charcoal is much less messy. I place one or two in a coffee filter and then just dump them back in the bag afterward so they can be reused. They only need 24-36 hours depending on the size of the space and how many you use to do the job. Only on the smelliest, most heavily varnished pieces have I had to leave them in for a week.", "Tori! I’ve never tried charcoal for smells. I don’t actually find the kitty litter to be messy at all. You pour it in, you pour it out. Plus it doesn’t turn your fingers black when you pick it up! Usually. :) ~ karen", "I don’t think I would reuse the charcoal to cook after the old smell has been absorbed into the charcoal. :(", "I have several suitcases that are musty. I have heard that rice is good for drying things out. I’m wondering if it will work like charcoal or kitty litter?", "This might be the answer I have been looking for too! Can I use it to get moldy smell out of books? Would I put the books directly in the kitty litter or a pillow case then litter together in a plastic bag?", "Do you have any suggestions for cabinetry? We suffer from musty old-person smell in our bathroom cabinets (think old lady talcum power smell). Thanks!", "This is the same smell that I have in my kitchen cabinets. This is the best way to describe the smell, perfect!", "If you put this litter in the bottom of a rubbish bin/garbage it will soak up the smells and also any nasty liquid that leaks from your liner.", "Karen, what if my whole house smells like old people? The people before us painted the windows shut and the smell is always lurking here and there. Would you recommend filling the house ALL the way up with litter or would half-way do the trick? :o)", "Is it me or does the bottom suitcase look like it is smiling at you – it looks quite a chipper lil suitcase!", "Your post is so timely for me. I am 70 years old. I have a hot date tonight, so I am spending the day in a large plastic bag of kitty litter just to be on the safe side. Thanks for the tip you little Whippersnapper, you.", "OMGosh!! Sharon, you just made me snort! I have a vision of you standing in a puddle of litter with the plastic bag pulled up and tied around your neck, just waiting. LOLOL. You are too funny. Keep up the good attitude and I am sure the gent will want to spend more time with you!", "I hope when I am old and 70, I’m as funny as you are. Oh my......can it be? Must be reading that number wrong. According to my driver’s license 70 comes in another two months!", "Thanks for this comment. It’s one of the funniest things I’ve ever heard. I’m still laughing. I don’t even know how I got to this blog but I can’t stop reading it!", "What a great idea! I have used cat litter when my son dumped a huge cup of water in the car. After 24 hours, I just vacuumed it up and the floorboards were dry.", "Oh my goodness, genius! I have a vintage chest that needs serious help. This is the perfect thing for it.", "Our entire basement smells like old people. Slightly mildewed old people, anyway. There’s a new carpet down there and we’ve had it professionally cleaned twice this year, but it still smells unpleasant enough that we seldom use the space except to do the laundry and stash the bodies.", "take few onion bags,fill w/charcoal and hang around your basement,and I would try sprinkle the cat litter,you can vacuum latter", "I also noticed that your largest suitcase seems to have a smiley face (with pinholes for eyes, and a big smile made of a handle). Perhaps it’s delighted that it no longer smells of old people.", "Question: Can anyone tell me hat can you put into water base paint that has obtained a musty, mildewey odor? There is a product for oil base but not for acrylic. And, kitty litter is recommended to put in old paint cans to dry out the paint before disposing them.", "Add a few drops of vanilla, yes the kid for cooking. I do this any time i paint with water based paint.", "This post makes me think of my best friend. She loves that smell. She also loves the smell of mold. Sometimes, she purposely leaves her towel in a crumpled ball so that it will smell mouldy.", "Really!! I am on this site to find out how to get rid of this nasty mold smell. This friend must be a really special person. :(", "Brilliant! I just bought a persian wool coat with a mink color that smells like moth balls. Would you do this with that curly wool? I’m concerned that it would get stuck in the tendrils.", "DON”T put kitty litter on your persian wool coat!! You could put it in a pillow case and tape the ends and then lay the coat on top of the kitty litter and put all in a plastic bag...but I have found that by hanging the coat outside on a sunny day will freshen and the mothball odor will disappear. I am assuming you have a cat so kitty litter is reusable, or a neighbor who will appreciate the gift as it is @ $10 a box!", "Also smells might fade, but rotten manners don’t. I’m 64, been an antiques dealer all my life and met plenty of old people for decades who sold me their stuff . Not many of them smelled. But perhaps for every rude old person there might be the same number of obnoxious younger ones with less excuse for making a bad impression.", "When I now hear comments like this now, my personal uncharitably unspoken wish (but with a nice smile) ends up being that maybe you might not get to make that discovery for yourself.", "Julie. I actually don’t think putting the Persian Lamb in kitty litter is a bad idea, but you can just try a cuff first to see. It should just shake out. If need be you could vacuum it with a soft brush attachment. Good luck. – Karen.", "What’s with the Halloween candy box on the floor in the background of picture #2? Musty stuff makes you crave chocolate?", "Hah, no. Must make me lazy. I took these pics the day after Halloween and couldn’t be bothered to move re-take the photo after I noticed the box of chocolate bars! – karen", "By gobs, I think you answered my prayer today. Well, I won’t go that far – I wasn’t actually PRAYING about it, but...", "I create handbags from recycled leather jackets and I obtained a wonderful bomber jacket recently that had that OLD musty smell. It’s been on my porch for two weeks now. I resigned myself to researching the internet this morning for a solution. It was truly fate because I clearly found my solution here!", "Now I just need to head up to the kitty litter room and snatch some litter. This should be interesting. Thanks!", "Question: It looks like you used unscented cat litter. Would scented work? How about the litter made of recycled paper?", "Tonia! I would stick to unscented, traditional kitty litter. The scented stuff is somethings reallyyyyyyy strong. Stinky strong. Also, the traditional kitty litter has way better odour absorbing properties than the newspaper type. – karen!", "Gander over here means a little walk, as in “I’m going for a gander round the block”. So I could “gander” on and nobody would know I was noseying around their stuff, they’d think I was gone to the shops!", "I love your site. Just found it. The musty suitcase is great. I will certainly try it. Plus the cat urine smell. So needed at this four cat household. Mistakes happen. Saw one cat standing up in the box, leaning on the wall to use the box. Oh my goodness. A sight to be seen. The look on her face was as if to say “I am not touching this stuff.” Wish I had a camera. I love your advice. Thanks for sharing. Trudy", "Amie – Baking soda does work, but for bigger jobs like suitcases kitty litter is the one to go with. It actually works better and it’s quite a bit cheaper. – karen!", "It really does work folks, she’s not lying to us. (Like she would dare!) This method is far better than using a dryer sheet which just covers up the smell. I do recommend using unscented cat litter though. That scented cat litter sometimes smells just as bad as the “musty musty must box” And yes Karen, your sewing box actually rocks. jealous face", "once again, informative and yet refreshingly entertaining. I wish I could bottle you and open you up when I need a pick me up :)", "I have also heard that a remedy for a stinky car is to place a bowl of vinegar. Apparently, it deodorizes it (whatever “it” is) and makes the stench go away. I’ve never had a smelly car to try this is, but do you think it works? And: getting old= sassiness is expected and wanted of you. I’m so looking forward to having an excuse for that.", "Holly – I don’t know ... I’d have to try it. But I must admit, I have my doubts. :( If I ever come upon a really stinky car I’l let you know. – karen", "I use the vinegar trick because I have 3 dogs and my car gets smelly sometimes, and yes the vinegar works.", "I use apple cider from a health food store. I have also used the white if I am out of the other. I also wash my windows with apple cider water and wipe down the seats with a vinegar water.", "My 2005 car was bought new by an old lady who was a smoker and thn found out a few months later she had lung cancer. The car was under a year d but smelled like an ash tray. I am a non-smoker and very sensitive to smells. Her daughter had a jar of apple cider vinigar on a cloth in a jar in the car. It took a few months but the smell all went away. I have had the car for ears now and NEVER smell smoke in it.", "When are you old theses days? I’ll be 50 next year and I can tell you if it’s on my mind it’s coming out my mouth!", "This was a wonderful, humorous article – thank you much for it. As an aging person, I am definitely wondering what is available (besides lavender and rose spray) to rid my body of the ‘old person smell.’ I do believe it’s our bodies’ chemistries changing, etc. – evolution isn’t keeping up with our desire to work ’til our 80’s, live beyond. Any ideas? The plastic bag could work.....cost is horrendous for a bag that large, even on ebay....", "LOL! Well I’m starting to get old myself and I find just walking around with a pet skunk tends to divert attention. ~ karen!", "(I’m 7 years late to the game) I am 54, and since the day I turned 50 I have been calling people “dear” and “honey”. Younger or older, cute or frightening. Everyone is dear or honey. I also don’t bother thinking much about what I’m going to say or what sort of questions I’ll ask a complete stranger. This embarrasses my daughter to no end, but I usually get away with it. :D", "When we had a skunk spray our house, that vinegar remedy is one of the things I found online. It did not work.", "My husband, having forgot it didn’t work, tries putting a bowl of vinegar in our bar fridge when it smelled like skunk (due to being in the mudroom that smelled) It’s been 6 months and it STILL smells like vinegar!", "There’s a product called N.O.C (Nature’s Odor Catalyst) that was recommended to me by our specialty pet boutique/store after a nasty cat marked our front door. The stuff works awesome! They said they use it on pets that have been sprayed by skunks and many dog owners use it to get urine stank out of outdoor dog runs. Works on a microbial level and is completely natural and non-toxic.", "Hi Sheila! Thanks .. If I see it I’ll give it a try. My little cat used to pee on the floor for some reason and it leaves a HORRENDOUS smell. I found Nature’s Miracle (which is probably a similar enzyme reducing product) and it works great too. Nothin’ worse than the smell of cat pee. Thanks again! ~ karen", "1 bottle of reg. 3% hydrogen peroxide 1/2 C baking soda 1 tsp. of dish detergent (dawn or other “gentler” kinds) Apply mixture where ever the skunk has sprayed...in all cases I have been fortunate to have my dogs be sprayed...not the house/carpet..etc......so this solution goes right onto the fur....soak the area and leave in for as long as the pet will allow...maybe wash rest of body with shampoo...but let the “stinky” fur soak up all that solution. guarantee that this works. rinse the area where the solution was applied...then spread other shampoo over, and rinse the pet well just like regular bath...voile’", "I had left my car windows open in the rain, and didn’t notice it for 3 days. The smell was enough to make you gag, and I tried everything to get it out. Vinegar didn’t do a thing, baking soda didn’t do a thing, neither did air fresheners, shampooing, or coffee beans. It went on for weeks and I was ready to drive it off a bridge into the bay.", "BUT, I heard eucalyptus oil would work because it supposedly creates oxygen (?!), so I got an essential oil warmer that plugs into the cigarette lighter, after 2 days of warm eucalyptus oil, the smell was gone forever. (It also works wonders for a headache or upset stomach in the car.)", "Good to know Christina! And not to worry about it being an old post or comment you’re replying to. It’s the Internet where comments and information never die, lol. ~ karen!", "That sounds so much more appealing than cat litter. Do you think it would work for for a nasty suitcase?" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Get Rid of that Musty Old People Smell - The Art of Doing Stuff\n\nSkip to content\n\n * START HERE\n * Food\n\n * Appetizers\n * Canning\n * Desserts\n * Drinks\n * Mains\n * Salads\n * Sauces\n * Sides\n * Soups\n * Weekly Menus\n * Garden\n\n * Sow Generous\n * Tour my Gardens\n * Vegetable Gardening\n * Raising Butterflies\n * House\n\n * Kitchen Tour\n * House Tour\n * My House at Xmas\n * My House at Halloween\n * My House at Thanksgiving\n * Chickens\n\n * Coop Tour\n * Keeping Chickens\n * The Hens\n * Will they eat it?\n * Tips\n\n * Cooking\n * Cleaning\n * Chickens\n * Decorating\n * Etiquette\n * Fixing\n * Gardening\n * Health & Beauty\n * Organizing\n * Technology\n * Blogging\n * DIY\n\n * DIY Tutorials\n * Christmas\n * Easter\n * Halloween\n * Valentine’s Day\n * Flower Arranging\n * My Life\n\n * Me\n * My Family\n * Books I Read\n * TV I watch\n * Product Reviews\n * Random Stuff\n\nHome » Tips » Cleaning » How to Get Rid of that Musty Old People Smell\n\n# How to Get Rid of that Musty Old People Smell\n\nPrevious / Next\n\nNovember 14th, 2010 | By Karen | Cleaning, Everything Else, Tips | 286\nComments\n\nTHIS POST WAS LAST UPDATED: May 8th, 2020\n\nPin73K\n\nShare484\n\nEmail\n\n73K Shares\n\nI think I’ve made it pretty clear that I like old stuff. It makes me happy. It\nmakes me feel relaxed and content. It makes me want to use words like\nwhippersnapper and hooligan while holding a rolling pin in one hand and a\ntelevision remote the size of a box of cereal in the other.\n\nThe only real problem I’ve ever had regarding my love of old things is this;\nIf it is old ... it will smell. As an example, have you ever met an old\ncheese, old sock or old person that didn’t smell?\n\nSeveral years ago I bought this luggage set. And when I bought it, it smelled.\nPoorly. Like a musty, musty, must bucket.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nI don’t actually keep my luggage on my front hall table, I just thought it was\na nice way for you to get a good gander at it.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\n“Gander” is one of the words I intend to use on more of a regular basis when I\nget old.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nQuite frankly I can’t wait to get so old I can say and do whatever I want\nwithout anyone looking at me like I’m a lunatic. When you’re young and you\ndeclare in an exceptionally loud voice that you think the person in front of\nyou in line at the grocery store is a “whack job” you come off as judgemental\nand mean. When you’re old and you do the same thing, you’re just “a lively old\ngal”.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nIn order to get rid of the musty luggage stink I used my old standby. Kitty\nLitter.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nJust open up the offending piece of luggage.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nUnless you’re feeling poorly. In which case you should probably sucker some\nother poor sod into opening up the stink box.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nThat lining right in there is what holds most of the stink.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nJust pour a box of kitty litter into the offending piece of luggage. Yup. The\nwhole box. Pour it right in there.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nSee? Fill it up.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nThen close up your piece of luggage (or any other thing you own that’s filled\nwith musty smells.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nAnd leave it for a week. You heard me. One week. Just leave it.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nWhen the week is up, just empty the kitty litter and fill your luggage with\nwhatever you choose to. I use my fresh smelling train case as my sewing box\nand it looks like this!\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nCute right?\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nOnly it actually looks like this.\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nANY CHARA CTER HERE\n\nWhich isn’t nearly as attractive in a photograph. But it’s the truth.\n\nYou can use this litter trick with almost anything. Musty vintage clothing?\nShove it in a plastic bag and cover the piece with kitty litter. Tie the bag\nup and leave it for a week!\n\nThe plastic bag technique works great with just about anything that smells old\nand musty. Although, I probably wouldn’t recommend this exact procedure with\nold people.\n\nMost of ’em are feisty. If you try and cover them in kitty litter and shove\nthem in a plastic bag chances are they’ll knock you right on your keister.\n\n→Follow me on Instagram where I often make a fool of myself←\n\nPin73K\n\nShare484\n\nEmail\n\n73K Shares\n\nPrevious / Next\n\n### You Might Also Like:\n\n * Shooo Fly. Why you need to cover your food.\n * Tip of the Week! Facecloths.\n * Tell me your cleaning tips & appear on The Art of Doing Stuff.\n * I Made an Egg Holder. Because I Really, Really, Really Needed One. 🙄\n\n### 286 Comments\n\nNewer Comments →\n\n 1. liz a. says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 11:46 PM\n\nwhy do you suppose there is an “old people” smell, most old people still\nbathe? don’t they? and how did that smell get in my armoire or your suitcases?\ncurious! and as i get older (past 60) i realize i just don’t care what people\nthink so i say what i want...oh wait, i did that when i was 20 too, oh well,\nit was a thought!\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 11:54 PM\n\nLiz! I liken the smell to “puppy breath” smell, “baby” smell and “random weird\nfridge” smell. None of them are explainable. ~ karen!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Jem says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 8:39 PM\n\nYeah, yeah, great suggestions, BUT... WHERE did you get that FABULOUS\nTABLE?!?!?!? The silver, pedestal one? OMG. Must have it!\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 8:53 PM\n\nJem – :) I got the table at Homesense (Homegoods in the U.S.) last year.\nThanks. I’m kindda fond of it too. – karen\n\nReply\n\n 3. Alexandra Dare says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 7:31 PM\n\nLove the stack of old suitcases! They look like they’re smiling at me :D I\nwonder if we can find a way to fill my grandparents’ entire house with kitty\nlitter... I would say get them a ton of cats, but then their house will just\nsmell like poo.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Tori says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 4:20 PM\n\nI find that using charcoal is much less messy. I place one or two in a coffee\nfilter and then just dump them back in the bag afterward so they can be\nreused. They only need 24-36 hours depending on the size of the space and how\nmany you use to do the job. Only on the smelliest, most heavily varnished\npieces have I had to leave them in for a week.\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 5:33 PM\n\nTori! I’ve never tried charcoal for smells. I don’t actually find the kitty\nlitter to be messy at all. You pour it in, you pour it out. Plus it doesn’t\nturn your fingers black when you pick it up! Usually. :) ~ karen\n\nReply\n\n * Rocksi says:\n\nSeptember 8, 2013 at 11:29 AM\n\nI don’t think I would reuse the charcoal to cook after the old smell has been\nabsorbed into the charcoal. :(\n\nReply\n\n * Patty says:\n\nJanuary 10, 2014 at 1:22 AM\n\nI have several suitcases that are musty. I have heard that rice is good for\ndrying things out. I’m wondering if it will work like charcoal or kitty\nlitter?\n\n 5. Betsy says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 3:20 PM\n\nThis might be the answer I have been looking for too! Can I use it to get\nmoldy smell out of books? Would I put the books directly in the kitty litter\nor a pillow case then litter together in a plastic bag?\n\nReply\n\n 6. Marianne says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 2:59 PM\n\nDo you have any suggestions for cabinetry? We suffer from musty old-person\nsmell in our bathroom cabinets (think old lady talcum power smell). Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Rocksi says:\n\nSeptember 8, 2013 at 11:25 AM\n\nThis is the same smell that I have in my kitchen cabinets. This is the best\nway to describe the smell, perfect!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Sam says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 2:21 PM\n\nIf you put this litter in the bottom of a rubbish bin/garbage it will soak up\nthe smells and also any nasty liquid that leaks from your liner.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Langela says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 2:02 PM\n\nKaren, what if my whole house smells like old people? The people before us\npainted the windows shut and the smell is always lurking here and there. Would\nyou recommend filling the house ALL the way up with litter or would half-way\ndo the trick? :o)\n\nReply\n\n 9. Laura Rehbehn says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 2:00 PM\n\nIs it me or does the bottom suitcase look like it is smiling at you – it looks\nquite a chipper lil suitcase!\n\nReply\n\n 10. sharon says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 1:51 PM\n\nYour post is so timely for me. I am 70 years old. I have a hot date tonight,\nso I am spending the day in a large plastic bag of kitty litter just to be on\nthe safe side. Thanks for the tip you little Whippersnapper, you.\n\nReply\n\n * coralie says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 9:22 PM\n\n:-)\n\nReply\n\n * ashley says:\n\nJuly 28, 2012 at 4:49 PM\n\n:D\n\nReply\n\n * Eileen says:\n\nJune 5, 2013 at 10:58 PM\n\n@Sharon. Funny! Hope your date was successful!\n\n * Cindy says:\n\nSeptember 21, 2013 at 5:45 PM\n\nOMGosh!! Sharon, you just made me snort! I have a vision of you standing in a\npuddle of litter with the plastic bag pulled up and tied around your neck,\njust waiting. LOLOL. You are too funny. Keep up the good attitude and I am\nsure the gent will want to spend more time with you!\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nMay 14, 2015 at 3:32 PM\n\nSharon:\n\nI hope when I am old and 70, I’m as funny as you are. Oh my......can it be?\nMust be reading that number wrong. According to my driver’s license 70 comes\nin another two months!\n\nThanks for the laugh. Now about that horrible smell in my second hand suit\ncase.\n\nReply\n\n * Linda says:\n\nSeptember 15, 2018 at 11:43 PM\n\nThanks for this comment. It’s one of the funniest things I’ve ever heard. I’m\nstill laughing. I don’t even know how I got to this blog but I can’t stop\nreading it!\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nSeptember 16, 2018 at 3:30 PM\n\nIt was by accident. People usually get here by accident. ;) ~ karen!\n\n 11. Amy says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 1:32 PM\n\nWhat a great idea! I have used cat litter when my son dumped a huge cup of\nwater in the car. After 24 hours, I just vacuumed it up and the floorboards\nwere dry.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Diana @ frontyardfoodie says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 1:09 PM\n\nOh my goodness, genius! I have a vintage chest that needs serious help. This\nis the perfect thing for it.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Stefanie says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 12:18 PM\n\nOur entire basement smells like old people. Slightly mildewed old people,\nanyway. There’s a new carpet down there and we’ve had it professionally\ncleaned twice this year, but it still smells unpleasant enough that we seldom\nuse the space except to do the laundry and stash the bodies.\n\nIs there a kitty litter trick that might solve our aromatic basement problem?\n\nReply\n\n * krystyna says:\n\nDecember 26, 2012 at 3:40 PM\n\ntake few onion bags,fill w/charcoal and hang around your basement,and I would\ntry sprinkle the cat litter,you can vacuum latter\n\nReply\n\n 14. Natalie says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 11:39 AM\n\nSo, after you remove the kitty litter from the suitcase, does the suitcase\nsmell like kitty litter?\n\nI also noticed that your largest suitcase seems to have a smiley face (with\npinholes for eyes, and a big smile made of a handle). Perhaps it’s delighted\nthat it no longer smells of old people.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Jeanne says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 10:55 AM\n\nQuestion: Can anyone tell me hat can you put into water base paint that has\nobtained a musty, mildewey odor? There is a product for oil base but not for\nacrylic. And, kitty litter is recommended to put in old paint cans to dry out\nthe paint before disposing them.\n\nReply\n\n * Joyce says:\n\nApril 5, 2012 at 12:11 PM\n\nAdd a few drops of vanilla, yes the kid for cooking. I do this any time i\npaint with water based paint.\n\nReply\n\n 16. Devin says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 10:40 AM\n\nThis post makes me think of my best friend. She loves that smell. She also\nloves the smell of mold. Sometimes, she purposely leaves her towel in a\ncrumpled ball so that it will smell mouldy.\n\nReply\n\n * Rocksi says:\n\nSeptember 8, 2013 at 11:18 AM\n\nReally!! I am on this site to find out how to get rid of this nasty mold\nsmell. This friend must be a really special person. :(\n\nReply\n\n 17. Julielorusso@gmail.com says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 7:40 AM\n\nBrilliant! I just bought a persian wool coat with a mink color that smells\nlike moth balls. Would you do this with that curly wool? I’m concerned that it\nwould get stuck in the tendrils.\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Jeanne says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 10:50 AM\n\nDON”T put kitty litter on your persian wool coat!! You could put it in a\npillow case and tape the ends and then lay the coat on top of the kitty litter\nand put all in a plastic bag...but I have found that by hanging the coat\noutside on a sunny day will freshen and the mothball odor will disappear. I am\nassuming you have a cat so kitty litter is reusable, or a neighbor who will\nappreciate the gift as it is @ $10 a box!\n\nReply\n\n * say wahht? says:\n\nMarch 30, 2013 at 8:31 PM\n\nPut it in a couple of pairs of panty hose and tie the ends.\n\nAlso smells might fade, but rotten manners don’t. I’m 64, been an antiques\ndealer all my life and met plenty of old people for decades who sold me their\nstuff . Not many of them smelled. But perhaps for every rude old person there\nmight be the same number of obnoxious younger ones with less excuse for making\na bad impression.\n\nWhen I now hear comments like this now, my personal uncharitably unspoken wish\n(but with a nice smile) ends up being that maybe you might not get to make\nthat discovery for yourself.\n\n * Karen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 11:13 AM\n\nJulie. I actually don’t think putting the Persian Lamb in kitty litter is a\nbad idea, but you can just try a cuff first to see. It should just shake out.\nIf need be you could vacuum it with a soft brush attachment. Good luck. –\nKaren.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Farquist says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 6:58 AM\n\nWhat’s with the Halloween candy box on the floor in the background of picture\n#2? Musty stuff makes you crave chocolate?\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 7:10 AM\n\nHah, no. Must make me lazy. I took these pics the day after Halloween and\ncouldn’t be bothered to move re-take the photo after I noticed the box of\nchocolate bars! – karen\n\nReply\n\n 19. Lori says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 6:51 AM\n\nBy gobs, I think you answered my prayer today. Well, I won’t go that far – I\nwasn’t actually PRAYING about it, but...\n\nI create handbags from recycled leather jackets and I obtained a wonderful\nbomber jacket recently that had that OLD musty smell. It’s been on my porch\nfor two weeks now. I resigned myself to researching the internet this morning\nfor a solution. It was truly fate because I clearly found my solution here!\n\nNow I just need to head up to the kitty litter room and snatch some litter.\nThis should be interesting. Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * CJ says:\n\nDecember 11, 2010 at 8:00 PM\n\nHey......I want to see those leather handbags!\n\nReply\n\n 20. Tonia says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 5:16 AM\n\nHello Karen\n\nThis is advice I’ve been seeking for years — thanks!\n\nQuestion: It looks like you used unscented cat litter. Would scented work? How\nabout the litter made of recycled paper?\n\nAnd did you vacuum out the suitcase after the week with the litter in it?\n\nThanks so much! I am most definitely trying this out...\n\nTonia in Switzerland\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 6:41 AM\n\nTonia! I would stick to unscented, traditional kitty litter. The scented stuff\nis somethings reallyyyyyyy strong. Stinky strong. Also, the traditional kitty\nlitter has way better odour absorbing properties than the newspaper type. –\nkaren!\n\nReply\n\n 21. mimi says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 4:05 AM\n\nGander over here means a little walk, as in “I’m going for a gander round the\nblock”. So I could “gander” on and nobody would know I was noseying around\ntheir stuff, they’d think I was gone to the shops!\n\nLove your sewing box, I think you deliberately tossed it for the photo.\n\nReply\n\n * sue says:\n\nFebruary 9, 2015 at 11:46 AM\n\nTo take a gander at means to look at. I’ve been taking “ganders” for over 70\nyears.\n\nReply\n\n * Trudy Medeiros says:\n\nSeptember 2, 2015 at 2:04 PM\n\nI love your site. Just found it. The musty suitcase is great. I will certainly\ntry it. Plus the cat urine smell. So needed at this four cat household.\nMistakes happen. Saw one cat standing up in the box, leaning on the wall to\nuse the box. Oh my goodness. A sight to be seen. The look on her face was as\nif to say “I am not touching this stuff.” Wish I had a camera. I love your\nadvice. Thanks for sharing. Trudy\n\n 22. Amie says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 2:19 AM\n\nBicarb Soda works too. I use it to get funny smells out of spice & olive jars.\nxx\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 6:39 AM\n\nAmie – Baking soda does work, but for bigger jobs like suitcases kitty litter\nis the one to go with. It actually works better and it’s quite a bit cheaper.\n– karen!\n\nReply\n\n * Amie says:\n\nNovember 16, 2010 at 8:32 PM\n\ncheaper! Got it! :)\n\n * Ka-Cee says:\n\nOctober 4, 2017 at 9:52 PM\n\nHey, and it usually has baking soda in it 👍🏼\n\n 23. Alisha says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 2:12 AM\n\nIt really does work folks, she’s not lying to us. (Like she would dare!) This\nmethod is far better than using a dryer sheet which just covers up the smell.\nI do recommend using unscented cat litter though. That scented cat litter\nsometimes smells just as bad as the “musty musty must box” And yes Karen, your\nsewing box actually rocks. *jealous face* I use an old ammo box for mine and\nit is just as organized as yours!\n\nReply\n\n 24. Helen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 1:12 AM\n\nonce again, informative and yet refreshingly entertaining. I wish I could\nbottle you and open you up when I need a pick me up :)\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 6:37 AM\n\nHelen – :) karen\n\nReply\n\n * Bridget says:\n\nMay 11, 2012 at 6:30 AM\n\nYou can! I just pull up some older posts and voila! Instant an Karen fix!\n\nReply\n\n 25. Holly @goodwillblogging says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 1:03 AM\n\nI have also heard that a remedy for a stinky car is to place a bowl of\nvinegar. Apparently, it deodorizes it (whatever “it” is) and makes the stench\ngo away. I’ve never had a smelly car to try this is, but do you think it\nworks? And: getting old= sassiness is expected and wanted of you. I’m so\nlooking forward to having an excuse for that.\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 6:37 AM\n\nHolly – I don’t know ... I’d have to try it. But I must admit, I have my\ndoubts. :( If I ever come upon a really stinky car I’l let you know. – karen\n\nReply\n\n * Carol says:\n\nJune 3, 2013 at 9:35 PM\n\nI use the vinegar trick because I have 3 dogs and my car gets smelly\nsometimes, and yes the vinegar works.\n\n * Mary says:\n\nJuly 4, 2013 at 8:29 PM\n\nWhat kind ofvinager???? White???\n\n * CAROL says:\n\nJuly 5, 2013 at 9:31 PM\n\nI use apple cider from a health food store. I have also used the white if I am\nout of the other. I also wash my windows with apple cider water and wipe down\nthe seats with a vinegar water.\n\n * C. L. says:\n\nJuly 28, 2013 at 12:05 AM\n\nMy 2005 car was bought new by an old lady who was a smoker and thn found out a\nfew months later she had lung cancer. The car was under a year d but smelled\nlike an ash tray. I am a non-smoker and very sensitive to smells. Her daughter\nhad a jar of apple cider vinigar on a cloth in a jar in the car. It took a few\nmonths but the smell all went away. I have had the car for ears now and NEVER\nsmell smoke in it.\n\n * shari says:\n\nNovember 15, 2010 at 12:10 PM\n\nWhen are you old theses days? I’ll be 50 next year and I can tell you if it’s\non my mind it’s coming out my mouth!\n\nReply\n\n * Chris says:\n\nSeptember 6, 2013 at 7:49 PM\n\nThis was a wonderful, humorous article – thank you much for it. As an aging\nperson, I am definitely wondering what is available (besides lavender and rose\nspray) to rid my body of the ‘old person smell.’ I do believe it’s our bodies’\nchemistries changing, etc. – evolution isn’t keeping up with our desire to\nwork ’til our 80’s, live beyond. Any ideas? The plastic bag could\nwork.....cost is horrendous for a bag that large, even on ebay....\n\n * Karen says:\n\nSeptember 6, 2013 at 8:40 PM\n\nLOL! Well I’m starting to get old myself and I find just walking around with a\npet skunk tends to divert attention. ~ karen!\n\n * JoAnn says:\n\nJuly 26, 2017 at 8:01 PM\n\n(I’m 7 years late to the game) I am 54, and since the day I turned 50 I have\nbeen calling people “dear” and “honey”. Younger or older, cute or frightening.\nEveryone is dear or honey. I also don’t bother thinking much about what I’m\ngoing to say or what sort of questions I’ll ask a complete stranger. This\nembarrasses my daughter to no end, but I usually get away with it. :D\n\n * Alicia says:\n\nNovember 21, 2010 at 10:17 PM\n\nWhen we had a skunk spray our house, that vinegar remedy is one of the things\nI found online. It did not work.\n\nMy husband, having forgot it didn’t work, tries putting a bowl of vinegar in\nour bar fridge when it smelled like skunk (due to being in the mudroom that\nsmelled) It’s been 6 months and it STILL smells like vinegar!\n\nReply\n\n * Sheila says:\n\nJanuary 14, 2011 at 6:39 PM\n\nThere’s a product called N.O.C (Nature’s Odor Catalyst) that was recommended\nto me by our specialty pet boutique/store after a nasty cat marked our front\ndoor. The stuff works awesome! They said they use it on pets that have been\nsprayed by skunks and many dog owners use it to get urine stank out of outdoor\ndog runs. Works on a microbial level and is completely natural and non-toxic.\n\n * Karen says:\n\nJanuary 14, 2011 at 6:58 PM\n\nHi Sheila! Thanks .. If I see it I’ll give it a try. My little cat used to pee\non the floor for some reason and it leaves a HORRENDOUS smell. I found\nNature’s Miracle (which is probably a similar enzyme reducing product) and it\nworks great too. Nothin’ worse than the smell of cat pee. Thanks again! ~\nkaren\n\n * Rose says:\n\nMarch 20, 2012 at 4:09 PM\n\nMaybe you should put kitty litter in the bar fridge to get the vinegar smell\nout. ??\n\n * rob says:\n\nDecember 30, 2013 at 12:23 AM\n\nhave you tried washing it with tomato juice or Simple green\n\n * Wanda Rice says:\n\nFebruary 23, 2015 at 9:18 PM\n\nSkunk smell removal – works everytime!\n\n1 bottle of reg. 3% hydrogen peroxide 1/2 C baking soda 1 tsp. of dish\ndetergent (dawn or other “gentler” kinds) Apply mixture where ever the skunk\nhas sprayed...in all cases I have been fortunate to have my dogs be\nsprayed...not the house/carpet..etc......so this solution goes right onto the\nfur....soak the area and leave in for as long as the pet will allow...maybe\nwash rest of body with shampoo...but let the “stinky” fur soak up all that\nsolution. guarantee that this works. rinse the area where the solution was\napplied...then spread other shampoo over, and rinse the pet well just like\nregular bath...voile’\n\n * Christina says:\n\nSeptember 14, 2016 at 4:16 PM\n\nI realize this is a super old comment, but just in case anyone else is\nwondering...\n\nI had left my car windows open in the rain, and didn’t notice it for 3 days.\nThe smell was enough to make you gag, and I tried everything to get it out.\nVinegar didn’t do a thing, baking soda didn’t do a thing, neither did air\nfresheners, shampooing, or coffee beans. It went on for weeks and I was ready\nto drive it off a bridge into the bay.\n\nBUT, I heard eucalyptus oil would work because it supposedly creates oxygen\n(?!), so I got an essential oil warmer that plugs into the cigarette lighter,\nafter 2 days of warm eucalyptus oil, the smell was gone forever. (It also\nworks wonders for a headache or upset stomach in the car.)\n\nReply\n\n * Karen says:\n\nSeptember 14, 2016 at 5:15 PM\n\nGood to know Christina! And not to worry about it being an old post or comment\nyou’re replying to. It’s the Internet where comments and information never\ndie, lol. ~ karen!\n\n * Fran says:\n\nOctober 31, 2016 at 10:10 PM\n\nThat sounds so much more appealing than cat litter. Do you think it would work\nfor for a nasty suitcase?\n\nNewer Comments →\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n * ### CROWD FAVOURITES\n\nGuaranteed Crispy Sweet Potato Fries & Sriracha Mayo Dip\n\nIt’s Zucchini Season! How You’ve Been Growing Them All Wrong.\n\nHow to Grow Garlic. Now’s the time!\n\n * * About\n * Contact Karen\n * Archives\n * Food\n * Garden\n * House\n * Chickens\n * Tips\n * DIY\n * My Life\n * Privacy Policy\n\nCopyright © 2021 The Art of Doing Stuff. Karen Bertelsen. All Rights Reserved.\nWritten by Karen.\n\nThe Art of Doing Stuff\n\n * START HERE\n * Food\n\n▼\n\n * Appetizers\n * Canning\n * Desserts\n * Drinks\n * Mains\n * Salads\n * Sauces\n * Sides\n * Soups\n * Weekly Menus\n * Garden\n\n▼\n\n * Sow Generous\n * Tour my Gardens\n * Vegetable Gardening\n * Raising Butterflies\n * House\n\n▼\n\n * Kitchen Tour\n * House Tour\n * My House at Xmas\n * My House at Halloween\n * My House at Thanksgiving\n * Chickens\n\n▼\n\n * Coop Tour\n * Keeping Chickens\n * The Hens\n * Will they eat it?\n * Tips\n\n▲\n\n * Cooking\n * Cleaning\n * Chickens\n * Decorating\n * Etiquette\n * Fixing\n * Gardening\n * Health & Beauty\n * Organizing\n * Technology\n * Blogging\n * DIY\n\n▼\n\n * DIY Tutorials\n * Christmas\n * Easter\n * Halloween\n * Valentine’s Day\n * Flower Arranging\n * My Life\n\n▼\n\n * Me\n * My Family\n * Books I Read\n * TV I watch\n * Product Reviews\n * Random Stuff\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.brettunsvillage.com/trunks/howto/odors/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421141522/https://www.brettunsvillage.com/trunks/howto/odors/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to get odors out of an old trunk", "passages": [ "Old trunks and odors go together like honey and bees. You're glad you found the former until you notice the latter. Most odors can be dealt with if you can bear to be patient. It took 100 years to build up that smell - you can't get rid of it in an afternoon.", "First and foremost, nothing helps get rid of odors better than fresh air and sunshine. Why do you think those retirement homes roll all the residents out on the porch whenever the sun comes out? If your trunk smells musty, leave it open out in the sun as much as possible.", "Check out the inside of your trunk. What is it lined with? Most are lined with paper, and it usually isn't in mint condition. Get rid of it! It stinks! Scrape it out and sand down the wood beneath. If the paper is too hard to scrape, try dampening it with a sponge. I said dampen it - don't soak it with the garden hose. You can stain and finish the wood for a nice look. If you dampened the liner paper to remove it be sure the wood dries thoroughly before you apply stain or finish. This little exercise will leave your trunk looking and smelling better. It even works pretty well for that mothball odor that makes your eyes water. Please keep in mind that it's not just the paper that smells - the glue beneath the paper can stink things up pretty well all by itself. This glue is usually mucelage, made from old horses, and somehow right about here most people squint and say, 'Hmmmmm, it's all starting to make sense now.' Once you have all the paper out, keep cleaning the wood surface and use a paint scraper to remove as much of that glue as you can. If it's damp or wet it comes out just like mucus. Not very pleasant, but worth the effort. A day later, or thereabouts, the interior wood should be dry enough to allow you to get in there with sandpaper and smooth things out. Get rid of all splinters so that you can store your quilts or blankets or excess grandchildren in there without risk of splintering them up.", "Here's a tip sent in by Jo Ann Cross: Place an open bag of kitty litter in trunk and close. Check it in about a week. The cheap brands usually work the best. Thanks for the tip, Jo Ann. Note from staff: We think the most important words in Jo Ann's advice are: 'and close.' Leave it open and the cat will find it and then we're pretty sure your odor problem will be moving in the wrong direction.", "Here's another tip, this one from North of the Border: \"I read the page that you had on \"How to Deal with Odors\" and noticed that you didn't have the simple fix that was recommended to me by an antique enthusiast. She recommended to put fresh ground coffee in any antique that has an unpleasant odor. I tried it recently on a beautiful old wooden bureau that I had purchased. It had been stored in an abandoned barn, then finally in a basement before I bought it. The musty and mysteryous odors were unbelievable. I did as my friend suggested, putting coffee in contact with as many surfaces as I could, shut the drawers and walked away. Within two days the bad odors were gone. I now have this beautiful antique in my livingroom and store my dining room linens in it. No after odor at all! I hope this tip might help others who have found something beautiful but decidely stinky! Cindy Bird, Nova Scotia, Canada Thanks, Cindy! Another note from staff - Cindy's coffee tip only works if you use dry coffee grounds. Not the wet mush that's left over after you brew the morning go-go juice.", "A wise old trunk refinisher once told me to put a lit candle inside your trunk and then prop the lid open only an inch or so, to let air flow so the candle will burn. He claimed it would work wonders on almost any smell, and that it was the best way to treat mothball odors. I learned a lot from him, that old gent, and I really miss him since he passed away in that big fire. You probably saw that coming." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to get odors out of an old trunk | Steamer Trunks\n\n * Leather\n\n * Full Cowhides\n * Leather Sides\n * Double Shoulders\n * Quarter Hides\n * Small Hides\n * View All →\n * Trunks\n\n * Antique Trunks\n * Trunk Parts\n * Trunk Tools\n * Suitcases\n * View All→\n * About\n\n * How-Tos\n * Customer Creations\n * History\n * Newsletters\n\n# Getting Rid of Odors in an Antique Trunk\n\nor...I love my trunk but my eyes are burning and my canary died. What to do?\n\nOld trunks and odors go together like honey and bees. You're glad you found\nthe former until you notice the latter. Most odors can be dealt with if you\ncan bear to be patient. It took 100 years to build up that smell - you can't\nget rid of it in an afternoon.\n\nFirst and foremost, nothing helps get rid of odors better than fresh air and\nsunshine. Why do you think those retirement homes roll all the residents out\non the porch whenever the sun comes out? If your trunk smells musty, leave it\nopen out in the sun as much as possible.\n\nCheck out the inside of your trunk. What is it lined with? Most are lined with\npaper, and it usually isn't in mint condition. Get rid of it! It stinks!\nScrape it out and sand down the wood beneath. If the paper is too hard to\nscrape, try dampening it with a sponge. I said dampen it - don't soak it with\nthe garden hose. You can stain and finish the wood for a nice look. If you\ndampened the liner paper to remove it be sure the wood dries thoroughly before\nyou apply stain or finish. This little exercise will leave your trunk looking\nand smelling better. It even works pretty well for that mothball odor that\nmakes your eyes water. Please keep in mind that it's not just the paper that\nsmells - the glue beneath the paper can stink things up pretty well all by\nitself. This glue is usually mucelage, made from old horses, and somehow right\nabout here most people squint and say, 'Hmmmmm, it's all starting to make\nsense now.' Once you have all the paper out, keep cleaning the wood surface\nand use a paint scraper to remove as much of that glue as you can. If it's\ndamp or wet it comes out just like mucus. Not very pleasant, but worth the\neffort. A day later, or thereabouts, the interior wood should be dry enough to\nallow you to get in there with sandpaper and smooth things out. Get rid of all\nsplinters so that you can store your quilts or blankets or excess\ngrandchildren in there without risk of splintering them up.\n\n### Scrape out the paper, scrape out the glue, scrape out the stench.\n\nHere's a tip sent in by Jo Ann Cross: Place an open bag of kitty litter in\ntrunk and close. Check it in about a week. The cheap brands usually work the\nbest. Thanks for the tip, Jo Ann. Note from staff: We think the most important\nwords in Jo Ann's advice are: 'and close.' Leave it open and the cat will find\nit and then we're pretty sure your odor problem will be moving in the wrong\ndirection.\n\nHere's another tip, this one from North of the Border: \"I read the page that\nyou had on \"How to Deal with Odors\" and noticed that you didn't have the\nsimple fix that was recommended to me by an antique enthusiast. She\nrecommended to put fresh ground coffee in any antique that has an unpleasant\nodor. I tried it recently on a beautiful old wooden bureau that I had\npurchased. It had been stored in an abandoned barn, then finally in a basement\nbefore I bought it. The musty and mysteryous odors were unbelievable. I did as\nmy friend suggested, putting coffee in contact with as many surfaces as I\ncould, shut the drawers and walked away. Within two days the bad odors were\ngone. I now have this beautiful antique in my livingroom and store my dining\nroom linens in it. No after odor at all! I hope this tip might help others who\nhave found something beautiful but decidely stinky! Cindy Bird, Nova Scotia,\nCanada Thanks, Cindy! Another note from staff - Cindy's coffee tip only works\nif you use dry coffee grounds. Not the wet mush that's left over after you\nbrew the morning go-go juice.\n\nA wise old trunk refinisher once told me to put a lit candle inside your trunk\nand then prop the lid open only an inch or so, to let air flow so the candle\nwill burn. He claimed it would work wonders on almost any smell, and that it\nwas the best way to treat mothball odors. I learned a lot from him, that old\ngent, and I really miss him since he passed away in that big fire. You\nprobably saw that coming.\n\nShop our Antique Trunks\n\nBack\n\nBrettuns Village\n\n#### Leather\n\n * Leather\n * Scrap\n * Hardware & Accessories\n * Tools\n * Thread\n * Laces / Spools\n * Clearance\n * Information\n * Deal of the Week\n\n#### Trunks\n\n * Antique Trunks\n * Vintage Suitcases\n * Hardware, Parts, and Repair Supplies\n * Tools for Working on Antique Trunks\n * Information\n\n#### Contact\n\nBrettuns Village, Inc. 557 Lincoln St Lewiston, ME 04240\n\nOur retail store is open Monday – Friday 9:00am – 5:30pm Closed Weekends\n\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n\n© 2018 Brettuns Village. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://herpackinglist.com/2013/08/how-to-clean-your-luggage/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170618035511/http://herpackinglist.com/2013/08/how-to-clean-your-luggage/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Why You Should Clean Your Luggage After a Trip", "passages": [ "Pretty much every traveler reading this post has spent a bit of time laboring over finding the perfect travel gear, and then probably spent a bit of money in acquiring it. We often agonize over what to take, and how to pack it, but we often forget about another integral part of the whole process: cleaning and storing our luggage after our trip has finished.", "Backpack or suitcase, it doesn’t matter. That baby needs to be cleaned after a big trip away. We literally drag our suitcases through dirt, poop, spit and debris on a daily basis; with a backpack, we do the same, and then we wear it. Now that I’m thinking about how disgusting a piece of travel luggage can become, I’m a little concerned at how close I often keep it — snuggling, holding and sometimes using it as a place to rest my head.", "Oils and dirt can cause some fabrics or special technical coatings of your backpack to deteriorate over time. Dirt and debris caught in a suitcase wheel could harden and cause issues down the road.", "The last thing you need is to pull your bag or suitcase out of storage before a big trip to find it not only smells bad, but it has also grown mold from those crumbs or spills that weren’t washed out. Getting the mold out of luggage is a tough task, and more often than not, it will be easier to just buy new luggage!", "Yes, I’m talking about the dreaded bed bugs! They could be in your bag, and you might not even know it. Tuck that baby away in a closet without a proper clean, and you might find your home infested with this annoying pest.", "The specifics on how to clean your luggage varies by backpack or suitcase. It is always best to check with your luggage manufacturer for details so that you don’t cause any damage that can shorten your product’s shelf life, or void a warranty.", "Many backpack manufacturers recommend removing lose dirt and debris first with a soft brush. If washing in a tub or sink, be sure to use a mild detergent (so that you don’t damage any protective coatings on that fabric), scrub dirty spots with a soft brush, and thoroughly rinse before hanging to dry.", "If you don’t have a bathtub or sink to submerge your bag, a spot wash with a slightly soapy sponge with do the trick. Again, be sure to use a mild detergent.", "Use a soft brush to remove dirt and debris from around the wheels of the suitcase. If necessary, use a vacuum. Then, use a soft soapy rag to wipe down the lining. Never submerge a suitcase in a tub of water, and never use oil to lubricate the zips or wheels. The latter could cause more problems and potentially get on your packed clothes when in use again.", "My boyfriend and I have done a lot of research on this lately as one of the hostels we stayed at in Germany had bed bugs. We, luckily, got out of our room before spending a full night, but we were still concerned that one or two could have hitched a ride in our belongings. So, we cleaned and dried all of our clothing (it was time for that anyway), and we inspected and cleaned our luggage thoroughly — just to be sure.", "*We were traveling with just small carry-on suitcases for this trip, so it wasn’t really a huge deal. Another benefit of downsizing.", "Bugs and their eggs are visible to the naked eye. If you inspect your luggage, you should be able to see them unless they are in a good hiding spot. Wipe out all corners and linings with a wet, soapy sponge.", "Bed bugs don’t like heat. Supposedly you can blast a hiding place with heat from a blow dryer, and while it won’t kill it, it will make the bug show itself.", "You can place your luggage in a plastic garbage bag and set in the hot sun for the day. The extreme heat will kill them.", "Another tactic is to get a bed bug spray or bug bomb and use in your luggage. Be sure to clean and dry the bag before storing away.", "Store your luggage in a dry place as damp places will lead to mold. Tucking a few dryer sheets into your stored luggage is said to help protect from musty smells.", "Get the most out of your photography gear packing list without needing to pack the kitchen sink. Here are some...", "Lindsey chose the Gregory J53 when she needed a new bag. She likes its flexibility and thinks it's a good...", "Southern Argentina can be cold no matter what time of year. If you're planning a trip to see the glaciers,...", "Brooke Schoenman runs the show at Her Packing List. Inspired from years of travel experience, Brooke decided there needed to be a travel gear site focused on the needs of a wandering female.", "Ewww...I’d never thought of this! And yes, I rested my head on my bag more than once. Never occurred to me it might have poop on it! Thanks for scarring me for life. Think I might buy a new bag!", "Haha well I was trying to get your attention with that comment – I’m glad it did the trick! But seriously, my backpack is dropped on so many disgusting floors, who knows what’s lurking on them... ewww.", "Hi Brooke, Great post!! The most arduous tasks are often the most important. I think my backpack lost its protective coating a long time ago 😉", "I actually had a scorpion crawl into my suitcase on the last trip home and found the critter roaming throughout my house right next to my suitcase! Seriously I wish I had taken this advice immediately. It would have saved me from breaking my entertainment system into pieces when he ran there!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Why You Should Clean Your Luggage After a Trip - Her Packing List\n\nHer Packing List\n\n * BLOG\n * WHERE ARE YOU GOING?\n * TRAVEL GEAR\n * BACKPACK GUIDE\n * PACKING LISTS\n * PACKING TIPS\n * FEMALE TRAVEL\n * TRAVEL RESOURCES\n * ABOUT HPL\n * CONTACT\n\nyou are here Home|Travel Gear|Luggage|\n\n# Why You Should Clean Your Luggage After a Trip\n\nby Brooke Aug 06, 2013 Luggage, Packing Tips, Travel Gear Suitcases\n\nTweet0Google+0Facebook13Pin34\n\nPretty much every traveler reading this post has spent a bit of time laboring\nover finding the perfect travel gear, and then probably spent a bit of money\nin acquiring it. We often agonize over what to take, and how to pack it, but\nwe often forget about another integral part of the whole process: cleaning and\nstoring our luggage after our trip has finished.\n\nDon’t forget to clean your luggage after your trip.\n\n## Why You Need to Clean Your Luggage\n\nBackpack or suitcase, it doesn’t matter. That baby needs to be cleaned after a\nbig trip away. We literally drag our suitcases through dirt, poop, spit and\ndebris on a daily basis; with a backpack, we do the same, and then we wear it.\nNow that I’m thinking about how disgusting a piece of travel luggage can\nbecome, I’m a little concerned at how close I often keep it — snuggling,\nholding and sometimes using it as a place to rest my head.\n\n### To keep the bag from deteriorating.\n\nOils and dirt can cause some fabrics or special technical coatings of your\nbackpack to deteriorate over time. Dirt and debris caught in a suitcase wheel\ncould harden and cause issues down the road.\n\n### To keep the bag from growing mold.\n\nThe last thing you need is to pull your bag or suitcase out of storage before\na big trip to find it not only smells bad, but it has also grown mold from\nthose crumbs or spills that weren’t washed out. Getting the mold out of\nluggage is a tough task, and more often than not, it will be easier to just\nbuy new luggage!\n\n### To keep bugs from invading your home.\n\nYes, I’m talking about the dreaded bed bugs! They could be in your bag, and\nyou might not even know it. Tuck that baby away in a closet without a proper\nclean, and you might find your home infested with this annoying pest.\n\n## How to Clean Your Luggage\n\nThe specifics on how to clean your luggage varies by backpack or suitcase. It\nis always best to check with your luggage manufacturer for details so that you\ndon’t cause any damage that can shorten your product’s shelf life, or void a\nwarranty.\n\n### Cleaning a Backpack\n\nMany backpack manufacturers recommend removing lose dirt and debris first with\na soft brush. If washing in a tub or sink, be sure to use a mild detergent (so\nthat you don’t damage any protective coatings on that fabric), scrub dirty\nspots with a soft brush, and thoroughly rinse before hanging to dry.\n\nIf you don’t have a bathtub or sink to submerge your bag, a spot wash with a\nslightly soapy sponge with do the trick. Again, be sure to use a mild\ndetergent.\n\n### Cleaning a Suitcase\n\nUse a soft brush to remove dirt and debris from around the wheels of the\nsuitcase. If necessary, use a vacuum. Then, use a soft soapy rag to wipe down\nthe lining. Never submerge a suitcase in a tub of water, and never use oil to\nlubricate the zips or wheels. The latter could cause more problems and\npotentially get on your packed clothes when in use again.\n\n## What to Do If You’re Concerned About Bed Bugs\n\nMy boyfriend and I have done a lot of research on this lately as one of the\nhostels we stayed at in Germany had bed bugs. We, luckily, got out of our room\nbefore spending a full night, but we were still concerned that one or two\ncould have hitched a ride in our belongings. So, we cleaned and dried all of\nour clothing (it was time for that anyway), and we inspected and cleaned our\nluggage thoroughly — just to be sure.\n\n*We were traveling with just small carry-on suitcases for this trip, so it wasn’t really a huge deal. Another benefit of downsizing.\n\n * Bugs and their eggs are visible to the naked eye. If you inspect your luggage, you should be able to see them unless they are in a good hiding spot. Wipe out all corners and linings with a wet, soapy sponge.\n * Bed bugs don’t like heat. Supposedly you can blast a hiding place with heat from a blow dryer, and while it won’t kill it, it will make the bug show itself.\n * You can place your luggage in a plastic garbage bag and set in the hot sun for the day. The extreme heat will kill them.\n * Another tactic is to get a bed bug spray or bug bomb and use in your luggage. Be sure to clean and dry the bag before storing away.\n\n>> Be sure to read this helpful fact sheet on bed bugs for tips.\n\n## Storing Your Luggage\n\nStore your luggage in a dry place as damp places will lead to mold. Tucking a\nfew dryer sheets into your stored luggage is said to help protect from musty\nsmells.\n\n## Further Reading\n\n * Osprey Pack Care, Osprey Packs\n * Step by Step Guide to Cleaning Your Backpack, Time as a Traveller\n * A Neat Freak’s Guide to A Clean Suitcase, Budget Travel\n\n### Join the Her Packing List email community!\n\nSubscribe to get our latest packing lists, gear deals, and travel news by\nemail.\n\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\n\n#### YOU MAY ALSO ENJOY\n\nJun 05, 2017\n\n## Space-Saving Packing Hacks for Travel Photographers\n\nGet the most out of your photography gear packing list without needing to pack\nthe kitchen sink. Here are some...\n\nContinue Reading\n\nMay 30, 2017\n\n## Meet Lindsey and Her Gregory J53 Backpack Review\n\nLindsey chose the Gregory J53 when she needed a new bag. She likes its\nflexibility and thinks it's a good...\n\nContinue Reading\n\nMay 15, 2017\n\n## Packing Essentials for Patagonia in the Summer\n\nSouthern Argentina can be cold no matter what time of year. If you're planning\na trip to see the glaciers,...\n\nContinue Reading\n\nTAGS: SuitcasesPrevious Post Next Post\n\n#### Written by Brooke\n\nBrooke Schoenman runs the show at Her Packing List. Inspired from years of\ntravel experience, Brooke decided there needed to be a travel gear site\nfocused on the needs of a wandering female.\n\n#### 5 COMMENTS\n\n 1. Tracey - Life Changing Year says\n\nAugust 6, 2013 at 11:40 pm\n\nEwww...I’d never thought of this! And yes, I rested my head on my bag more\nthan once. Never occurred to me it might have poop on it! Thanks for scarring\nme for life. Think I might buy a new bag!\n\nReply\n\n * Brooke says\n\nAugust 8, 2013 at 9:47 am\n\nHaha well I was trying to get your attention with that comment – I’m glad it\ndid the trick! But seriously, my backpack is dropped on so many disgusting\nfloors, who knows what’s lurking on them... ewww.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Kimberley says\n\nAugust 10, 2013 at 7:05 pm\n\nHi Brooke, Great post!! The most arduous tasks are often the most important. I\nthink my backpack lost its protective coating a long time ago 😉\n\nReply\n\n 3. Kai Blair says\n\nAugust 21, 2013 at 3:15 pm\n\nI actually had a scorpion crawl into my suitcase on the last trip home and\nfound the critter roaming throughout my house right next to my suitcase!\nSeriously I wish I had taken this advice immediately. It would have saved me\nfrom breaking my entertainment system into pieces when he ran there!\n\nReply\n\n * Brooke says\n\nAugust 22, 2013 at 1:32 am\n\nSERIOUSLY?! Wow. That is incredible.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave A Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Featured Post\n\nPacking Lists\n\n#### How to Pack Minimalist: My Versatile 16L Minimalist Packing List\n\n#### Latest Posts\n\nby HPL Guest\n\n#### Ultimate Female Packing List for Birthright\n\nJun 8, 2017\n\nby HPL Guest\n\n#### Space-Saving Packing Hacks for Travel Photographers\n\nJun 5, 2017\n\nby Ali\n\n#### Meet Lindsey and Her Gregory J53 Backpack Review\n\nMay 30, 2017\n\nby Ali\n\n#### Solo Female Travel: Traveling Alone in Vietnam as a Woman\n\nMay 22, 2017\n\nby Caroline\n\n#### How to Stay Clean Outdoors and at Festivals\n\nMay 18, 2017\n\nSee All Posts\n\n#### Popular Posts\n\nby Brooke\n\n#### Ultimate Female Travel Packing Lists\n\nDec 14, 2011\n\nby Brooke\n\n#### 99 Things Every Female Traveler Should Know\n\nJun 16, 2015\n\nby HPL Guest\n\n#### A Fashionista’s Packing List for 4 Months Backpacking Europe\n\nMar 13, 2013\n\n#### Categories\n\n * Travel Gear\n * Packing Tips\n * Packing Lists\n * Female Travel\n\n * BLOG\n * WHERE ARE YOU GOING?\n * ABOUT\n * HPLWORLD\n * RESOURCES\n * CONTACT\n\n© 2015 Her Packing List. All Rights Reserved. Hosted by WP Engine / Site\nDisclaimer / Affiliate Disclosure / Start a Travel Blog\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.safenaturaltips.com:80/odor-control-and-removal/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190129213706/http://www.safenaturaltips.com:80/odor-control-and-removal/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Odor Control and Removal", "passages": [ "Eliminate unpleasant odors with white vinegar. Pour some vinegar into saucers and set them around the kitchen or other rooms that need help.", "Take care of the musty odor in old books with used dryer sheets . Place a sheet in the front cover and one in the back cover, or use half sheets for smaller books.", "Musty odors in drawers, trunks or suitcases can be removed with white bread and white vinegar. Place a slice of bread into a bowl and cover the bread with vinegar.", "Put the bowl inside the article, close it up, and let set for 24 hours. Use a deep enough bowl in a drawer so no vinegar will spill when it is opened and closed.", "Remove odors from drawers, trunks or suitcases with newspaper. Wad up enough newspaper to fill the article and close it up. This may take days or weeks, and replacing the newspaper every few days will speed things up.", "Pine or cedar wood shavings can be added to drawers, trunks or suitcases to remove bad odors and replace them with the wood scent. The shavings also absorb moisture, which is a big cause of odors. Replace as necessary.", "Closets can be kept moisture and odor free with sidewalk chalk. The chalk can be kept in a smelly pair of shoes, on the floor, on the shelf, or in a hanging net bag.", "Cigarette smoke can be removed from upholstered furniture and carpeting with baking soda . Sprinkle it on, let it set for several hours, then vacuum.", "Give a fresh smell to a small item by placing it into a plastic bag for several days with a dryer sheet .", "Scent a room with fragrance rings or perfume rings. The rings fit over a lightbulb and are usually made of clay or metal.", "Add your favorite scent to a room by filling cotton balls and placing them in closets, drawers (ones that are opened often), on the mantel, etc.", "Freshen your whole house with the smell of cinnamon by placing it into a hot oven, loosely wrapped in foil. Once the aroma is strong, turn off the oven and open the door.", "Odors in a picnic cooler or ice chest can be removed by washing thoroughly with hot vinegar then rubbed inside with vanilla. Keep the lid ajar until it is thoroughly dry, and be sure the drain hole is left open before storing.", "This will also put cigarettes out immediately without residual smoke. Replace the baking soda every time you empty the ashtray.", "Cigarette odors can also get into car upholstery and carpets. Sprinkle generously with baking soda , let set overnight, then vacuum.", "For painting without paint odor, add a few drops of vanilla extract to each can of paint. Use lemon extract for white paint.", "If you forgot to add the extract, you can add it after painting some, and it will still remove the odor.", "If you do not have any vanilla extract or lemon extract when painting, put out a few bowls of water to remove the paint odor.", "Deodorize your garbage disposal with borax. Put several tablespoons into the drain, let it set 15 to 30 minutes, then flush it down with boiling water while the disposal is running.", "To freshen a clean toilet bowl, add 1/4 cup of borax to the water in the bowl, swish it around all areas, then let set for an hour (or overnight).", "Urine and milk spills can be removed from a mattress with borax. Sprinkle on the borax, let dry, then vacuum.", "After using the toilet, light a match and let it burn for a few seconds. (Put the used match safely in an ashtray.)", "Stinky shoes can be refreshed with tea leaves. Use socks or pantyhose to hold the tea leaves, insert them into the shoes, and let set for a few days.", "The smell of burnt popcorn can be removed from the microwave oven with lemon juice. Put a cup of half water and half lemon juice into the microwave and heat to boiling. Let set for 30 minutes.", "Deodorize the microwave oven by inserting a bowl of water containing lemon slices or lemon juice. Bring this to a boil and let set for 15 minutes.", "A microwave oven can be deodorized by inserting a bowl of water with vanilla extract added. Heat on high for 30 seconds or until you can really smell the vanilla. Let set overnight, then wipe out interior in morning." ] }, "parsed_md": "Odor Control and Removal | More Natural Odor Control\n\nSkip to content\n\n# Odor Control and Removal\n\n * Eliminate unpleasant odors with white vinegar. Pour some vinegar into saucers and set them around the kitchen or other rooms that need help.\n * To eliminate kitchen odors, boil a mixture of 1 cup of water and 1 tablespoon of white vinegar.\n * Get rid of the smell of burnt food with lemon water (lemon juice or slices). Boil then simmer.\n * Remove refrigerator odors with vanilla. Put a soaked cotton ball in a saucer and place it into the refrigerator.\n * Take care of the musty odor in old books with used dryer sheets . Place a sheet in the front cover and one in the back cover, or use half sheets for smaller books.\n * Musty odors in drawers, trunks or suitcases can be removed with white bread and white vinegar. Place a slice of bread into a bowl and cover the bread with vinegar.\n * Put the bowl inside the article, close it up, and let set for 24 hours. Use a deep enough bowl in a drawer so no vinegar will spill when it is opened and closed.\n * These tips can be used when performing an office cleaning, as well.\n * Remove odors from drawers, trunks or suitcases with newspaper. Wad up enough newspaper to fill the article and close it up. This may take days or weeks, and replacing the newspaper every few days will speed things up.\n * Unpleasant odors can be removed with baking soda . Place it where necessary in an open can or bowl.\n * Pine or cedar wood shavings can be added to drawers, trunks or suitcases to remove bad odors and replace them with the wood scent. The shavings also absorb moisture, which is a big cause of odors. Replace as necessary.\n * Closets can be kept moisture and odor free with sidewalk chalk. The chalk can be kept in a smelly pair of shoes, on the floor, on the shelf, or in a hanging net bag.\n * Cigarette smoke can be removed from upholstered furniture and carpeting with baking soda . Sprinkle it on, let it set for several hours, then vacuum.\n * Give a fresh smell to a small item by placing it into a plastic bag for several days with a dryer sheet .\n * Scent a room with fragrance rings or perfume rings. The rings fit over a lightbulb and are usually made of clay or metal.\n * The heat of the light bulb will send your favorite perfume or essential oil through the room.\n * Add your favorite scent to a room by filling cotton balls and placing them in closets, drawers (ones that are opened often), on the mantel, etc.\n * Freshen your whole house with the smell of cinnamon by placing it into a hot oven, loosely wrapped in foil. Once the aroma is strong, turn off the oven and open the door.\n * Freshen a refrigerator with unused coffee grounds.\n * The refrigerator can also be deodorized with an open box of baking soda .\n\n## More Natural Odor Control\n\n * Eliminate and prevent odors in the humidifier by washing it out with borax and water. Rinse before humidifying again.\n * Odors in a picnic cooler or ice chest can be removed by washing thoroughly with hot vinegar then rubbed inside with vanilla. Keep the lid ajar until it is thoroughly dry, and be sure the drain hole is left open before storing.\n * Keep your car smelling nice and remove cigarette odors, fill the ashtray halfway with baking soda .\n * This will also put cigarettes out immediately without residual smoke. Replace the baking soda every time you empty the ashtray.\n * Cigarette odors can also get into car upholstery and carpets. Sprinkle generously with baking soda , let set overnight, then vacuum.\n * For painting without paint odor, add a few drops of vanilla extract to each can of paint. Use lemon extract for white paint.\n * If you forgot to add the extract, you can add it after painting some, and it will still remove the odor.\n * If you do not have any vanilla extract or lemon extract when painting, put out a few bowls of water to remove the paint odor.\n * House windows should be opened daily to let out odors and let in fresh air.\n * Deodorize your garbage disposal with borax. Put several tablespoons into the drain, let it set 15 to 30 minutes, then flush it down with boiling water while the disposal is running.\n * Deodorize your garbage can by washing it out with borax and water, letting it dry, then adding more borax.\n * To freshen a clean toilet bowl, add 1/4 cup of borax to the water in the bowl, swish it around all areas, then let set for an hour (or overnight).\n * Urine and milk spills can be removed from a mattress with borax. Sprinkle on the borax, let dry, then vacuum.\n * Keep odors out of the breadbox by wiping it out with vinegar.\n * After using the toilet, light a match and let it burn for a few seconds. (Put the used match safely in an ashtray.)\n * Bathroom odor will be gone before you open the door. It beats any air freshener and is much cheaper.\n * Stinky shoes can be refreshed with tea leaves. Use socks or pantyhose to hold the tea leaves, insert them into the shoes, and let set for a few days.\n * The smell of burnt popcorn can be removed from the microwave oven with lemon juice. Put a cup of half water and half lemon juice into the microwave and heat to boiling. Let set for 30 minutes.\n * Deodorize the microwave oven by inserting a bowl of water containing lemon slices or lemon juice. Bring this to a boil and let set for 15 minutes.\n * A microwave oven can be deodorized by inserting a bowl of water with vanilla extract added. Heat on high for 30 seconds or until you can really smell the vanilla. Let set overnight, then wipe out interior in morning.\n\n### Search\n\n### Archives\n\nSafe Natural Tips © 2019. All Rights Reserved.\n\nProudly powered by safenaturaltips.com Home |Disclaimer |SiteMap |Privacy\nPolicy |Contact Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.kellyelko.com/2014/07/how-to-clean-vintage-luggage/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170707183509/http://www.kellyelko.com/2014/07/how-to-clean-vintage-luggage/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Clean Vintage Luggage", "passages": [ "but if you’re stuck at home, you can at least have a suitcase that’s been around the world (or the block at least).", "you’d never see a pair of pink Juicy sweatpants on that woman with the beehive hairdo gliding through the airport in kitten heels and flouncy dress in 1952.", "If you’re lucky enough to snatch up a vintage beauty, bring it home and give it a good bath and it will be good as new ...", "If your luggage is leather – be gentle and don’t scrub but if you have hard luggage, use an old toothbrush and mild cleanser (Simple Green) to get into the grooves around handles and latches.", "Vacuum the inside of the suitcase with a hose attachment to get rid of years of travel memories – aka, dust, crumbs, random bugs and cobwebs.", "Take the sniff test. If your luggage doesn’t pass, just set a bowl of baking soda inside and shut it for a few days.", "Use your newly spiffed up luggage to store stuff or stack or do something crazy like take it on a trip to the Bahamas!", "Magic Erasers are the bomb, aren’t they? Love those puppies for so many cleaning chores. Thanks for the old luggage cleaning tips! Hugs!!", "Great ideas!! I never thought about the magic eraser. I have three pieces of vintage leather luggage that I love and don’t really want to part with. They have so much character. Great article!! Thanks!", "I’ve never personally encountered a Magic Eraser though I keep reading about it’s magical powers, LOL. Maybe there is one in my future! Sharing your post on Facebook and Pinterest where hopefully it will help others who love vintage luggage, too.", "I finish it off with some Maguires leather cleaner too. Can’t beat the new leather smell and the nice shine. I love old luggage – there is so much you can do with it.", "great tips! i just bought some that was sort of icky and i tried goo gone and other cleaners and they just weren’t cutting it. never thought about magic eraser!", "Thanks so much for this. I have my mother’s two piece white leather luggage. She used it as a young WWII Bride on her honeymoon in New York with my Naval officer father. Very romantic. Now it will be very clean!", "My mom’s 1960’s luggage is the second to the bottom in your stack. She still uses the vanity case from time to time!", "I’m going to try out your baking soda tip on an old suitcase that I have in my attic that was my grandmother’s. It has the worst musty smell inside.", "I have a couple of old suitcases and don’t open them for reasons listed above. Great advice. Now how to get people to stop wearing their pajamas, or other attire with the name of the store stretched across their rear end. Sigh, one of my endless list of pet peeves.", "The smell is the most difficult to remove sometimes hence has turned me off buying more! I will try these Kelly, thanks!", "Thanks for this! I just scored a great vanity case at a yard sale last month. I’m excited to try these tips before I load it up with odds & ends!", "Such a GREAT tip – I just recently acquired some vintage luggage. A whole set that looks like your 2nd form the bottom. Love it but it was full of attic yuck! Thanks", "I collect vintage luggage and I’ve gotten some that really smell, well, awful! I’ve tried the baking soda trick but it hasn’t worked for me!:( I’m still waiting to discover another trick that works. Never thought about using a Magic Eraser! Kathleen", "Maybe vodka will do the trick. Spray it lightly with vodka and set it in the sun to dry. Repeat if needed. Tash", "I have found that fresh coffee grounds works really well! I just place a bowl in the suitcase and shut it up for a few days and it does the trick. Renee", "Great ideas, but do you know of anything to get mildew out of the inside of the suitcase? Thanks! Dorothy", "Dorothy – try scrubbing the mildew lightly with a brush. Old fabric is delicate and could deteriorate with too much harshness. Try mixing 10% bleach with 90% water and applying it with a sponge. Let it dry in the sun. Hope that helps!", "So happy to find your article! I just scored about 10 pieces of vintage luggage and, after leaving them outside for two days, my husband and kids still gag at the smell when they walk in the backyard LOL he could never do my job working in the old homes on a regular basis!", "Thanks for the helpful post! I have no idea how to clean my vintage luggage. Your way sounds pretty easy and efficient. I will try it for sure. Best regards", "I have a whole set like the second from bottom in your picture.The handles especially are sticky and washing with a little soap did not help even a little. I don’t want to ruin the finish or color. I am afraid to use them for fear they will be handled too roughly and have no where to display them either.", "Join me as I decorate my 100 year old home, scour thrift stores, create pretty things, putter in my peony and hydrangea filled garden, and mix up a mean cocktail all with a touch of sarcasm and a side of bacon - Cheers!", "I heart thrift shops, tarnished silver, cool collections, margaritas and vintage anything. My mantra ... simple projects equals more time for cocktails!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Clean Vintage Luggage - Tips to Have it Look and Smell Like New\n\nKelly Elko\n\nLove where you live.\n\n# How to Clean Vintage Luggage\n\nJuly 2, 2014 Tips & Tricks | Uncategorized\n\nOh the places you’ll go ...\n\nbut if you’re stuck at home, you can at least have a suitcase that’s been\naround the world (or the block at least).\n\nVintage suitcases have so much character – the aged leather, the monograms,\nthe travel stickers.\n\nThey harken back to the days when people dressed for a flight ...\n\nyou’d never see a pair of pink Juicy sweatpants on that woman with the beehive\nhairdo gliding through the airport in kitten heels and flouncy dress in 1952.\n\nIf you’re lucky enough to snatch up a vintage beauty, bring it home and give\nit a good bath and it will be good as new ...\n\nand will smell like springtime and butterflies (or at least won’t smell like\nmold and mildew) with these tips.\n\n## How to Clean Vintage Luggage\n\nSupplies: Magic Eraser (I found a no name at the dollar store that works just\nas well) Vacuum Cleaner Mild Cleanser – I like Simple Green spray Old\nToothbrush Paper Towels\n\n1) Magically erase scuff marks with the magic eraser\n\n2) If your luggage is leather – be gentle and don’t scrub but if you have hard\nluggage, use an old toothbrush and mild cleanser (Simple Green) to get into\nthe grooves around handles and latches.\n\n3) Wipe down suitcase with damp paper towels then dry\n\n4) Vacuum the inside of the suitcase with a hose attachment to get rid of\nyears of travel memories – aka, dust, crumbs, random bugs and cobwebs.\n\n5) Take the sniff test. If your luggage doesn’t pass, just set a bowl of\nbaking soda inside and shut it for a few days.\n\n6) Use your newly spiffed up luggage to store stuff or stack or do something\ncrazy like take it on a trip to the Bahamas!\n\nTip: once clean, put a dryer sheet in the suitcase to keep it smelling fresh\n\nBon Voyage.\n\nP.S. Want to learn my secret tips for scoring the best vintage finds?\n\nSign up to get Kelly Elko's latest posts delivered right to your inbox\n\nYour information will never be shared or sold to a 3rd party.\n\nShare20\n\nTweet\n\nPin35\n\n+1\n\nEmail\n\nShares 55\n\n« Previous: Eclectic Home Tour – Christine Dovey\n\nNext: Best of the Red, White & Blue and Happy 4th! »\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Laura Strack\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 7:27 am\n\nMagic Erasers are the bomb, aren’t they? Love those puppies for so many\ncleaning chores. Thanks for the old luggage cleaning tips! Hugs!!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Carole H\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 7:45 am\n\nGreat ideas!! I never thought about the magic eraser. I have three pieces of\nvintage leather luggage that I love and don’t really want to part with. They\nhave so much character. Great article!! Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Kathy gervasio\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 8:08 am\n\nTimely post for me. I got a beauty at a barn sale this weekend.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Rusha Sams\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 8:36 am\n\nSuper ideas! Love the bowl of baking soda.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Treasures By Brenda\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 8:42 am\n\nI’ve never personally encountered a Magic Eraser though I keep reading about\nit’s magical powers, LOL. Maybe there is one in my future! Sharing your post\non Facebook and Pinterest where hopefully it will help others who love vintage\nluggage, too.\n\nReply\n\n 6. Shirley@housepitalitydesigns\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 9:17 am\n\nWould have never thought to use a magic eraser ! Great tips Kelly!! Happy\nTrails!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Kathy\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 9:21 am\n\nI finish it off with some Maguires leather cleaner too. Can’t beat the new\nleather smell and the nice shine. I love old luggage – there is so much you\ncan do with it.\n\nReply\n\n 8. cassie\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 9:22 am\n\ngreat tips! i just bought some that was sort of icky and i tried goo gone and\nother cleaners and they just weren’t cutting it. never thought about magic\neraser!\n\nReply\n\n 9. Susan Cowdrey\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 9:36 am\n\nThanks so much for this. I have my mother’s two piece white leather luggage.\nShe used it as a young WWII Bride on her honeymoon in New York with my Naval\nofficer father. Very romantic. Now it will be very clean!\n\nReply\n\n 10. Paula@SweetPea\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 9:39 am\n\nMy mom’s 1960’s luggage is the second to the bottom in your stack. She still\nuses the vanity case from time to time!\n\nI’m going to try out your baking soda tip on an old suitcase that I have in my\nattic that was my grandmother’s. It has the worst musty smell inside.\n\nReply\n\n 11. karen\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 10:49 am\n\nI have a couple of old suitcases and don’t open them for reasons listed above.\nGreat advice. Now how to get people to stop wearing their pajamas, or other\nattire with the name of the store stretched across their rear end. Sigh, one\nof my endless list of pet peeves.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Andrea\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 11:17 am\n\nPerfect timing! I just bought a 1940’s steamer trunk off Craigslist that could\nuse some love.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Vel\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 2:14 pm\n\nThe smell is the most difficult to remove sometimes hence has turned me off\nbuying more! I will try these Kelly, thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Amy @ a new old house\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 2:48 pm\n\nThanks for this! I just scored a great vanity case at a yard sale last month.\nI’m excited to try these tips before I load it up with odds & ends!\n\nReply\n\n 15. jessica mireles\n\nJuly 2, 2014 at 6:19 pm\n\nSuch a GREAT tip – I just recently acquired some vintage luggage. A whole set\nthat looks like your 2nd form the bottom. Love it but it was full of attic\nyuck! Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 16. Kathleen\n\nAugust 7, 2014 at 2:07 am\n\nI collect vintage luggage and I’ve gotten some that really smell, well, awful!\nI’ve tried the baking soda trick but it hasn’t worked for me!:( I’m still\nwaiting to discover another trick that works. Never thought about using a\nMagic Eraser! Kathleen\n\nReply\n\n * Kelly @ Eclectically Vintage\n\nAugust 9, 2014 at 8:53 pm\n\noh no – you must have some die hard mustiness!! isn’t the magic eraser a great\nidea!\n\nReply\n\n * tash\n\nSeptember 9, 2014 at 2:10 am\n\nMaybe vodka will do the trick. Spray it lightly with vodka and set it in the\nsun to dry. Repeat if needed. Tash\n\nReply\n\n * Renee@Rustic Crafts & Chic Decor\n\nNovember 11, 2014 at 1:47 pm\n\nI have found that fresh coffee grounds works really well! I just place a bowl\nin the suitcase and shut it up for a few days and it does the trick. Renee\n\nReply\n\n * Amy\n\nJune 5, 2016 at 4:41 pm\n\nTry kitty litter to absorb the odors.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Dorothy Crutchfield\n\nNovember 23, 2014 at 9:25 pm\n\nGreat ideas, but do you know of anything to get mildew out of the inside of\nthe suitcase? Thanks! Dorothy\n\nReply\n\n * Kelly @ Eclectically Vintage\n\nNovember 23, 2014 at 10:05 pm\n\nDorothy – try scrubbing the mildew lightly with a brush. Old fabric is\ndelicate and could deteriorate with too much harshness. Try mixing 10% bleach\nwith 90% water and applying it with a sponge. Let it dry in the sun. Hope that\nhelps!\n\nReply\n\n 18. Kirsten Jensen\n\nMay 11, 2015 at 2:20 pm\n\nSo happy to find your article! I just scored about 10 pieces of vintage\nluggage and, after leaving them outside for two days, my husband and kids\nstill gag at the smell when they walk in the backyard LOL he could never do my\njob working in the old homes on a regular basis!\n\nReply\n\n * Kelly @ Eclectically Vintage\n\nMay 11, 2015 at 2:24 pm\n\nLucky you!!\n\nReply\n\n 19. Johnnie Robinson\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 9:04 am\n\nThanks for the helpful post! I have no idea how to clean my vintage luggage.\nYour way sounds pretty easy and efficient. I will try it for sure. Best\nregards\n\nReply\n\n 20. SuzyQ\n\nFebruary 2, 2016 at 10:52 pm\n\nI have a whole set like the second from bottom in your picture.The handles\nespecially are sticky and washing with a little soap did not help even a\nlittle. I don’t want to ruin the finish or color. I am afraid to use them for\nfear they will be handled too roughly and have no where to display them\neither.\n\nReply\n\n 21. barbara\n\nOctober 17, 2016 at 8:09 pm\n\nLove the Handy hints would love to know where to score store seem to have sky\nhigh Prices\n\nReply\n\n * Kelly Elko\n\nOctober 18, 2016 at 9:11 am\n\nTry estate sales Barbara\n\nReply\n\n### KELLY\n\nAbout / Contact / Press\n\nJoin me as I decorate my 100 year old home, scour thrift stores, create pretty\nthings, putter in my peony and hydrangea filled garden, and mix up a mean\ncocktail all with a touch of sarcasm and a side of bacon - Cheers!\n\n#### More About Kelly\n\nI heart thrift shops, tarnished silver, cool collections, margaritas and\nvintage anything. My mantra ... simple projects equals more time for\ncocktails!\n\n#### Get in Touch\n\nI'd love to hear from you: Kelly@KellyElko.com\n\nCopyright © 2017 · KellyElko All rights reserved. Site by WordPress Barista\n\nSign up to get Kelly Elko's latest posts delivered right to your inbox\n\nYour information will never be shared or sold to a 3rd party.\n\n" } ]
596,318
How To Make Crushed Ice
To make crushed ice, start by adding a few handfuls of ice to a blender or food processor. Then, put the lid on and pulse the ice in short bursts until the pieces are about 1/2-inch across. Pour the crushed ice through a strainer to drain any excess water that melted, and voila! Alternatively, you can smash ice using a hammer. First, wrap the ice up in a clean, lint-free towel. Then, simply hit the ice with a hammer or wooden mallet until the pieces are about 1/2 inch in diameter. When you're finished, transfer the ice to your drink or put it in the freezer for later.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20180804132734/http://www.geniuskitchen.com:80/how-to/make-crushed-ice-320", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200921124026/https://www.foodandwine.com/news/mint-julep-crushed-ice-trick-kentucky-derby", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201024145820/https://www.tastingtable.com/drinks/national/how-to-make-crushed-ice", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200930182035/https://drinks.seriouseats.com/2011/03/cocktail-101-all-about-ice.html" ]
train
2,054
[ { "original_url": "http://www.geniuskitchen.com:80/how-to/make-crushed-ice-320", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180804132734/http://www.geniuskitchen.com:80/how-to/make-crushed-ice-320", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Make Crushed Ice", "passages": [ "Among the numerous obscure and inscrutable bartending techniques out there, one of the few you might actually use on a regular basis is crushing your own ice. Whether you’re making a Mint Julep, a fancy Frozen Margarita or an Absinthe Frappé, you’re going to need a whole bunch of the stuff, and making it by hand is a surprisingly fun way to bring old-school charm to your cocktails.", "While you can use a blender in a pinch, the secret to really great crushed ice is a tool called a Lewis bag.", "Essentially, a Lewis bag is just a canvas pouch. You place the ice inside, roll up the end and whack the bejeezus out of it with a wooden mallet. What makes it useful though is the canvas material, which absorbs excess water from the surface of the ice and keeps it from sticking together in clumps. This gives you a nice, snow-like crushed ice that’s easier to work with and won’t melt nearly as quickly.", "You can get a Lewis bag online for about $15, usually with a mallet included if you don’t have one. In a pinch, a clean canvas cloth or towel will work, but you want to make sure it isn’t going to leave any lint on the ice.", "The best crushed ice comes from really cold, really dry ice cubes. Don’t take them out of the freezer until just before you’re ready to use them, and once you do, place them in the Lewis bag immediately.", "It doesn’t really matter what size or shape of ice cubes you use, within reason. What’s important is that they all be roughly the same, so you get even crushing throughout.", "Also, note that you’re going to need more ice than you think, so use at least half as many cubes as you’d need to fill up your glass.", "Once you’ve got your ice in the Lewis bag, roll up the open end and hold it shut to keep everything in place. Then, place the bag on a hard surface that can take some punishment, grab the mallet with your free hand and go to town!", "For most cocktails, you don’t want to crush the ice too finely, as it’ll melt much faster. It’ll take some practice to learn what you like, but you can always open the bag and check partway through. In general, the largest chunks should be no larger than 1⁄4 to 1⁄2 inch in diameter.", "Most crushed ice recipes, like the Mint Julep, usually involve a multi-step process: fill the glass most of the way with ice, add the liquid ingredients, then top off with some more ice. The final product should have a mound of ice sticking out the top of the glass like a snow cone, giving it a refreshing, summery look.", "Bevvy is a community-focused platform that helps people discover incredible new cocktail recipes, keep up with the ever-changing world of craft spirits, and learn what to drink, what to buy, and how to make it.", "Looking for one of your favorite recipes? You'll notice that Recipe Box is now called SAVES and your recipes are organized in COLLECTIONS.", "54 Essential Summer Recipes\nOur Best Barbecue, 32 Ways\nPop Culture Baking Class\n\nWATCH FREE ON DEMAND\nSHOWS\nRECIPES\nFOOD NEWS\nSUMMER GRILLING\nPARTY CENTRAL\nABOUT US\nHow to Watch our Shows" ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Make Crushed Ice\n\nStumped for dinner? Get our life-saving Dinner Daily newsletter. You (and your\nstomach) can thank us later!\n\nPart of Summer Central\n\n# How To Make Crushed Ice\n\n## Crushed it. Now you're a professional.\n\nBy Bevvy\n\nAmong the numerous obscure and inscrutable bartending techniques out there,\none of the few you might actually use on a regular basis is crushing your own\nice. Whether you’re making a Mint Julep, a fancy Frozen Margarita or an\nAbsinthe Frappé, you’re going to need a whole bunch of the stuff, and making\nit by hand is a surprisingly fun way to bring old-school charm to your\ncocktails.\n\n### get the genius kitchen app.\n\nWatch on your iPhone, iPad, Apple TV, Android, Roku, or Fire TV.\n\nLearn More\n\n### 1 Using the Lewis Bag\n\nWhile you can use a blender in a pinch, the secret to really great crushed ice\nis a tool called a Lewis bag.\n\nEssentially, a Lewis bag is just a canvas pouch. You place the ice inside,\nroll up the end and whack the bejeezus out of it with a wooden mallet. What\nmakes it useful though is the canvas material, which absorbs excess water from\nthe surface of the ice and keeps it from sticking together in clumps. This\ngives you a nice, snow-like crushed ice that’s easier to work with and won’t\nmelt nearly as quickly.\n\nYou can get a Lewis bag online for about $15, usually with a mallet included\nif you don’t have one. In a pinch, a clean canvas cloth or towel will work,\nbut you want to make sure it isn’t going to leave any lint on the ice.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### 2 Choosing Your Ice\n\nThe best crushed ice comes from really cold, really dry ice cubes. Don’t take\nthem out of the freezer until just before you’re ready to use them, and once\nyou do, place them in the Lewis bag immediately.\n\nIt doesn’t really matter what size or shape of ice cubes you use, within\nreason. What’s important is that they all be roughly the same, so you get even\ncrushing throughout.\n\nAlso, note that you’re going to need more ice than you think, so use at least\nhalf as many cubes as you’d need to fill up your glass.\n\n### 3 Crushing the Ice\n\nOnce you’ve got your ice in the Lewis bag, roll up the open end and hold it\nshut to keep everything in place. Then, place the bag on a hard surface that\ncan take some punishment, grab the mallet with your free hand and go to town!\n\nFor most cocktails, you don’t want to crush the ice too finely, as it’ll melt\nmuch faster. It’ll take some practice to learn what you like, but you can\nalways open the bag and check partway through. In general, the largest chunks\nshould be no larger than 1⁄4 to 1⁄2 inch in diameter.\n\n### 4 Using Crushed Ice\n\nNow you’re ready to whip up a whole mess of classic and modern cocktails, from\ncobblers to juleps!\n\nMost crushed ice recipes, like the Mint Julep, usually involve a multi-step\nprocess: fill the glass most of the way with ice, add the liquid ingredients,\nthen top off with some more ice. The final product should have a mound of ice\nsticking out the top of the glass like a snow cone, giving it a refreshing,\nsummery look.\n\n• For more crushed ice cocktail recipes, visit\nhttp://cocktailenthusiast.com/drinks/\n\nAbout Bevvy\n\nBevvy is a community-focused platform that helps people discover incredible\nnew cocktail recipes, keep up with the ever-changing world of craft spirits,\nand learn what to drink, what to buy, and how to make it.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Summer Central\n\nTop Summer All-Stars\n\n35 Killer Burgers\n\nIce Cream Truck Copycats\n\nView All\n\nAdvertisement\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\n * All Categories\n * Newsletters\n * Site Map\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * Great American Country\n * HGTV Poland\n * Spoon University\n\n© 2018 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n###### Share this recipe:\n\n#### {{title}}\n\nPinterest Facebook Email\n\n#### No Results\n\nWhoops! There are no results for your search. Please modify your search and\ntry again.\n\n#### Hey There!\n\nLooking for one of your favorite recipes? You'll notice that Recipe Box is now\ncalled SAVES and your recipes are organized in COLLECTIONS.\n\nPlus, all of your private notes can now be found directly on the recipe page\nunder the directions.\n\nThis week on GK:\n\n 54 Essential Summer Recipes\n Our Best Barbecue, 32 Ways\n Pop Culture Baking Class\n\n WATCH FREE ON DEMAND\n SHOWS\n RECIPES\n FOOD NEWS\n SUMMER GRILLING\n PARTY CENTRAL\n ABOUT US\n\n###### How to Watch our Shows\n\n Privacy Policy\n Contact Us\n\nHi, [user]\n\n Profile\n Saves\n Add a Recipe\n User Settings\n Log Out\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.foodandwine.com/news/mint-julep-crushed-ice-trick-kentucky-derby", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200921124026/https://www.foodandwine.com/news/mint-julep-crushed-ice-trick-kentucky-derby", "parsed_text": { "title": "The One Crushed Ice Trick You Need to Learn Before the Kentucky Derby", "passages": [ "Aside from horses and big hats, nothing signifies Derby Day more than an ice- cold mint julep. The iconic bourbon cocktail is typically served in a frosty metal glass with crushed ice and sprigs of mint. Because the cocktail has so few ingredients—just bourbon, simple syrup, mint, and ice—every single component must do serious work. That includes the ice. And if you want to do the julep justice at your May 5 Derby party, that ice has to be crushed.", "April Wachtel, mixologist and founder of cocktail company Swig + Swallow, has strong feelings about the mint julep, as well as the necessity of crushed ice.", "\"You have to get the julep cups super icy, and that’s easier to do with crushed ice because there’s more surface area,\" she says. \"That, with the process of stirring vigoriously, enables you to get a really nice frost on the outside of the cup.\"", "Rather than purchasing crushed ice, or getting it from your fridge's ice machine, Wachtel recommends making it the classic—and very dramatic—way: with a mallet. (Cocktail Kingdom sells a solid wooden one for $16.)", "The traditional way to crush the ice is to stuff it inside of a canvas bag, then bash it with the mallet, but Wachtel says you can use a dish towel instead. The important thing is that you're crushing the ice inside of canvas or fabric, and not a plastic bag, because you want the material to absorb any extra moisture, so you're not dumping a bunch of cold water into your drink.", "\"As a consumer, you could crush the ice with a dish cloth and really any heavy implement,\" she says. So if you don't have a mallet, find something else you could use to bash.", "Because the crushed ice has more surface area than cubes of ice, it melts a bit more into the cocktail over time, making the drink especially delicious.", "\"That’s one of the things that make mint juleps so refreshing, because otherwise it's just a straight spirits cocktail,\" says Wachtel. \"Old fashioneds and negronis tend to be very viscuous; you can have one or maybe two. Mint juleps—you can have multiple.\"", "As for the bourbon, a.k.a the star, Wachtel says, \"I’ll usually go for Maker’s Mark Bourbon when making juleps at home and when I want to switch it up a bit I’ll go for a cognac like Pierre Ferrand Réserve.\"", "Food & Wine is part of the Meredith Corporation Allrecipes Food Group. © Copyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "The One Crushed Ice Trick You Need to Learn Before the Kentucky Derby | Food &\nWine\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Food & Wine\n\nFood & Wine Food & Wine\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Profile\n\n### Your Profile\n\n * Join Now\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Wine Club\n * Podcast\n * Logout\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow us\n\n# The One Crushed Ice Trick You Need to Learn Before the Kentucky Derby\n\nDerby Day is approaching, so you should probably perfect your mint julep\ntechnique.\n\nBy Maria Yagoda\n\nUpdated April 25, 2018\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\nbhofack2/Getty Images\n\nAside from horses and big hats, nothing signifies Derby Day more than an ice-\ncold mint julep. The iconic bourbon cocktail is typically served in a frosty\nmetal glass with crushed ice and sprigs of mint. Because the cocktail has so\nfew ingredients—just bourbon, simple syrup, mint, and ice—every single\ncomponent must do serious work. That includes the ice. And if you want to do\nthe julep justice at your May 5 Derby party, that ice has to be crushed.\n\nApril Wachtel, mixologist and founder of cocktail company Swig + Swallow, has\nstrong feelings about the mint julep, as well as the necessity of crushed ice.\n\n\"You have to get the julep cups super icy, and that’s easier to do with\ncrushed ice because there’s more surface area,\" she says. \"That, with the\nprocess of stirring vigoriously, enables you to get a really nice frost on the\noutside of the cup.\"\n\nRather than purchasing crushed ice, or getting it from your fridge's ice\nmachine, Wachtel recommends making it the classic—and very dramatic—way: with\na mallet. (Cocktail Kingdom sells a solid wooden one for $16.)\n\nThe traditional way to crush the ice is to stuff it inside of a canvas bag,\nthen bash it with the mallet, but Wachtel says you can use a dish towel\ninstead. The important thing is that you're crushing the ice inside of canvas\nor fabric, and not a plastic bag, because you want the material to absorb any\nextra moisture, so you're not dumping a bunch of cold water into your drink.\n\nBox5/Getty Images\n\n\"As a consumer, you could crush the ice with a dish cloth and really any heavy\nimplement,\" she says. So if you don't have a mallet, find something else you\ncould use to bash.\n\nBecause the crushed ice has more surface area than cubes of ice, it melts a\nbit more into the cocktail over time, making the drink especially delicious.\n\n\"That’s one of the things that make mint juleps so refreshing, because\notherwise it's just a straight spirits cocktail,\" says Wachtel. \"Old\nfashioneds and negronis tend to be very viscuous; you can have one or maybe\ntwo. Mint juleps—you can have multiple.\"\n\nAnd multiple juleps is certainly the plan.\n\nAs for the bourbon, a.k.a the star, Wachtel says, \"I’ll usually go for Maker’s\nMark Bourbon when making juleps at home and when I want to switch it up a bit\nI’ll go for a cognac like Pierre Ferrand Réserve.\"\n\n## Share options\n\nFood & Wine\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nFood & Wine is part of the Meredith Corporation Allrecipes Food Group. ©\nCopyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis\nlink opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad\nChoicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a\nmodal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.foodandwine.com\n\n## View image\n\nThe One Crushed Ice Trick You Need to Learn Before the Kentucky Derby\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.tastingtable.com/drinks/national/how-to-make-crushed-ice", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201024145820/https://www.tastingtable.com/drinks/national/how-to-make-crushed-ice", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Make Crushed Ice", "passages": [ "Crushed ice for cocktails is one of those things that sounds easier to make than it actually is, especially when you need a lot of it and need it all at once for, say, a big batch of mint juleps on Derby Day.", "Typically, you would approach crushing ice the same way as graham crackers: Fill a Ziploc bag and grab a heavy-bottomed object. But using this technique with ice is loud, messy and takes ages.", "So before you side-eye that plastic bag full of ice and ready your arms for a workout, we're here to share a better way.", "Simply throw a few handfuls of ice into the food processor and blitz until you have fluffy piles of perfect cocktail ice. Make batches as needed and use right away, or bag and store in the freezer to have on hand for later.", "To-Dos allows Tasting Table members to store and remember all of the food and drink recommendations we send out each week. You've now added the To-Dos below to your personal list. You can access your To-Do list at any time by visiting http://TastingTable.com and clicking \"Login\". Happy eating!", "Tasting Table serves genuine editorial. There is no pay for play: We only recommend products and services we love. If you read about a product or service on our site and make a purchase through the links we provide, we may receive a small commission or \"affiliate fee\" that we use to offset our editorial costs. \"Partner Content\" from our advertisers are not editorial recommendations and are clearly marked on every post or email as such. Click here for our editorial policy." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Make Crushed Ice | Tasting Table\n\nLOGIN | SIGN UP My Account\n\n * SHARES 90\n\n#### Drinks\n\n# The Best Way to Make Crushed Ice\n\nPut down the frying pan; here's how to get crushed ice without the workout\n\nBy Margaret Lunetta\n\n5/4/17\n\n * SHARES 90\n\nPrint Save\n\nPhoto: Tasting Table\n\nCrushed ice for cocktails is one of those things that sounds easier to make\nthan it actually is, especially when you need a lot of it and need it all at\nonce for, say, a big batch of mint juleps on Derby Day.\n\nRELATED Make Eleven Madison Park's Mint Julep »\n\nTypically, you would approach crushing ice the same way as graham crackers:\nFill a Ziploc bag and grab a heavy-bottomed object. But using this technique\nwith ice is loud, messy and takes ages.\n\nSo before you side-eye that plastic bag full of ice and ready your arms for a\nworkout, we're here to share a better way.\n\nThe secret to fast and easy crushed ice is using the food processor.\n\nSimply throw a few handfuls of ice into the food processor and blitz until you\nhave fluffy piles of perfect cocktail ice. Make batches as needed and use\nright away, or bag and store in the freezer to have on hand for later.\n\n> A post shared by kingscountydistillery (@kingscountydistillery) on May 3,\n> 2017 at 1:43pm PDT\n\nPro tip: Let's say you want only enough crushed ice for one drink. No need to\ndrag out the food processor for just that. Fill a cocktail shaker about\nhalfway with ice cubes. Take a sturdy muddler and smash the ice until it's\nreached the texture and consistency desired.\n\nNow go forth and julep liberally.\n\n##### Tags:\n\nShort Form Drinks Ice Need to Know Cocktails #NeedtoKnow\n\n## NEXT STEP: Use Crushed Ice in This Pineapple Rum Daiquiri\n\nMore How to Make Crystal Clear Cocktail Ice\n\nWant the inside scoop? get the latest recipes, news and hacks from tasting\ntable\n\nTHANKS FOR SUBSCRIBING! Please check your inbox to verify your email address.\n\n## LET’S DISCUSS:\n\nHotStuff\n\n * * Loading Video...\n\nDining Ditch the Toast for Creamy, Satisfying Avocado Ramen à la Mr. Taka\nRamen\n\n * Dining Make a Tomato Burger\n\n * Dining Yes, You Can Find Great Pizza Near NYC's Tourist Attractions\n\nGet the Tasting Table newsletter for adventurous eaters everywhere\n\nClose\n\n#### Tasting Table To-Dos\n\nTo-Dos allows Tasting Table members to store and remember all of the food and\ndrink recommendations we send out each week. You've now added the To-Dos below\nto your personal list. You can access your To-Do list at any time by visiting\nhttp://TastingTable.com and clicking \"Login\". Happy eating!\n\nempty\n\nGo to your To-Do List\n\nX Share on FB →\n\n## Around the Web\n\nTasting Table serves genuine editorial. There is no pay for play: We only\nrecommend products and services we love. If you read about a product or\nservice on our site and make a purchase through the links we provide, we may\nreceive a small commission or \"affiliate fee\" that we use to offset our\neditorial costs. \"Partner Content\" from our advertisers are not editorial\nrecommendations and are clearly marked on every post or email as such. Click\nhere for our editorial policy.\n\n© 2008–2020 TDT Media Inc. doing business as Tasting Table. All Rights\nreserved.\n\nTerms & conditions Privacy policy Editorial policy\n\nThanks for sharing!\n\nThis page is now en route to its destination.\n\n## LOG IN TO YOUR ACCOUNT\n\nLog in with Facebook\n\nor\n\n## are you a foodie? Sign up free to get:\n\n## are you a foodie? Sign up free to get:\n\n * Our award-winning newsletter\n * Invitations to exclusive dining events\n * Tools to easily save recipes and articles\n\nContinue with Facebook\n\nor\n\nX\n\nThanks for Signing up.\n\nWe sent you a verification email. Please verify to begin receiving our\nnewsletter and using your account.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://drinks.seriouseats.com/2011/03/cocktail-101-all-about-ice.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200930182035/https://drinks.seriouseats.com/2011/03/cocktail-101-all-about-ice.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cocktail 101: All About Ice", "passages": [ "Ice plays a crucial role in cocktail making. Not only does it chill a drink, but it also releases water into the cocktail, binding the ingredients, smoothing out the flavor, and taking the edge off the base spirit.", "Today, many craft-cocktail bartenders are getting fancy with ice. In some bars, giant blocks of ice are chiseled and carved into large chunks, tall cylinders (for highballs), spheres, and cubes. In the hands of a deft bartender, ice becomes an element of showmanship.", "Even at bars without dangerous-looking chisels and picks and Alaskan glacier ice, you'll often find expensive ice machines, such as those made by Kold Draft, that produce large, heavy cubes that melt slowly and rattle around noisily in a cocktail shaker.", "All this is cool, if you'll forgive the pun, but absolutely none of it is necessary for the home bartender. In fact, I think for most people mixing cocktails at home, such fancy ice would be a distraction.", "You see, most bars and restaurants don't have anything as fancy as a Kold Draft machine, so the ice that's on hand for the bartender is flimsy machine ice, a hollow pellet or square with a large surface area--both on the exterior of the ice and inside the hollow portion. In most bars, machine ice sits out in an ice bin at room temperature. As it sits, water from the air around it condenses on all of its surfaces. The larger the surface area, the more water on the ice. This can lead to overdiluted drinks.", "Not so with freezer ice. The ice in your freezer, if it comes from a standard ice tray and not an automatic ice maker, is dry and dense, and has less surface area—exactly what you need to make a killer cocktail.", "\"But wait,\" you may be saying. \"Wouldn't a large cube from the freezer have more surface area than a small pellet from a machine?\" Yes, but machine-ice pellets are small, usually, much smaller than a cube from your freezer. And this means you need more pellets of machine ice to fill a shaker than if you're using freezer cubes. The more pellets, the more surface area, and the more condensation on those surfaces.", "The key to using freezer ice is to keep it in your freezer until you're ready to use it. If you use ice that you've left out on the counter or in an ice bucket, it too will have liquid condensing on its surface, and that can lead to overdiluted drinks.", "In this post, I'll walk you through the most common uses for ice in mixology, and in a future post, I'll discuss a few styles of \"fancier\" ice that can liven up a drink.", "First, get a few good-quality ice trays. I like the silicone Tovolo \"perfect cube\" trays, which make true cubes of about an inch per side. I like them in part because I like the look of a true cube, but more so because the trays won't break like plastic trays do. But plastic trays are inexpensive and easy to find, so if you go with those, you're good.", "As to the water ... many bartenders and cocktail writers insist on using filtered water for ice. They reason that the chlorine and other chemicals found in tap water can contribute off flavors to a cocktail.", "Now, I drink tap water all day, but I have good water that doesn't taste funny. So I use tap water in my ice, too. If you happily drink your tap water, you can make ice with it. Really. It's okay. If you prefer to drink filtered or bottled, however, go ahead and use that for your ice.", "Stash the trays in the coldest part of your freezer and leave them alone for at least a day. You want the cubes to be rock solid and glacially cold.", "Very little in cocktail making is simpler than this. Unmold your ice cubes and use them in a mixing glass for a stirred drink, a shaker for a shaken drink, or in a serving glass for a rocks drink or a highball.", "Famous primarily for frozen drinks and mint juleps. You can make crushed ice a couple of different ways. Easiest, perhaps, is to use a blender. A fair portion of the ice will melt, though, just from the heat of the motor, so you might want to drain off excess liquid so you don't water down your cocktails.", "Another way, and one that's both fun and stress relieving, is to place cubes of ice into a bag, whether it's plastic or canvas (such as an old coin bag from a bank). Or wrap them in a clean towel. Then you simply whack the living hell out of them with a wooden mallet or rolling pin.", "Be careful, though: Your countertop will vibrate so much from this action that things will shimmy around on it or even slide off. If you're using a canvas bag, it will wick away excess moisture. If you're using plastic, you might, again, want to drain off any liquid that accumulates.", "Sometimes you want pieces of ice that are smaller than cubed but not pulverized like crushed. Perhaps your whole ice cubes don't move smoothly in a mixing glass when you stir, or they're too bulky to be crushed in a blender. Or maybe you just like the texture of cracked ice in a beverage. You can crack ice by hand easily enough.", "One way is to take an individual cube in the palm of one hand, and whack away at it with the back of a bar spoon. Hit one surface, turn the cube, hit another surface, and repeat until the cube cracks apart into smaller pieces of ice.", "Or you can repeat the instructions for piling ice into a bag and slamming it with a mallet. Stop short of actually pulverizing the stuff and you'll have a bag of cracked ice.", "All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.", "Michael Dietsch is a barfly, booze hound, book hoarder, jazz fiend, and technographer. He lives with his wife, kids, and cats in the D.C. suburbs. When he's not out on the town, he's usually at home doing laundry and writing.", "Post whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We reserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more in the Comment Policy section of our Terms of Use page.", "Pull-apart tender meat and ultra-crisp skin: It's not the most gorgeous roast in the world, but you'd be hard pressed to find one more flavorful." ] }, "parsed_md": "Cocktail 101: All About Ice | Serious Eats\n\n * Cocktails & Spirits\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Drinks\n * Cocktails & Spirits\n\n# Cocktail 101: All About Ice\n\nCocktail 101\n\nAll the basics of the bar.\n\nMichael Dietsch\n\n5 Printer-Friendly Version\n\nPublished: March 24, 2011 Last Updated: September 12, 2020\n\n[Photograph: Michael Dietsch]\n\n#### More Cocktail 101\n\nGlassware Basics » How to Make and Use Flavored Simple Syrup » How to Make\nSimple Syrup » All Cocktail Technique »\n\nIce plays a crucial role in cocktail making. Not only does it chill a drink,\nbut it also releases water into the cocktail, binding the ingredients,\nsmoothing out the flavor, and taking the edge off the base spirit.\n\nToday, many craft-cocktail bartenders are getting fancy with ice. In some\nbars, giant blocks of ice are chiseled and carved into large chunks, tall\ncylinders (for highballs), spheres, and cubes. In the hands of a deft\nbartender, ice becomes an element of showmanship.\n\nEven at bars without dangerous-looking chisels and picks and Alaskan glacier\nice, you'll often find expensive ice machines, such as those made by Kold\nDraft, that produce large, heavy cubes that melt slowly and rattle around\nnoisily in a cocktail shaker.\n\nAll this is cool, if you'll forgive the pun, but absolutely none of it is\nnecessary for the home bartender. In fact, I think for most people mixing\ncocktails at home, such fancy ice would be a distraction.\n\nIn fact, home bartenders have a bit of an advantage over many professionals:\nfreezer ice.\n\nYou see, most bars and restaurants don't have anything as fancy as a Kold\nDraft machine, so the ice that's on hand for the bartender is flimsy machine\nice, a hollow pellet or square with a large surface area--both on the exterior\nof the ice and inside the hollow portion. In most bars, machine ice sits out\nin an ice bin at room temperature. As it sits, water from the air around it\ncondenses on all of its surfaces. The larger the surface area, the more water\non the ice. This can lead to overdiluted drinks.\n\nNot so with freezer ice. The ice in your freezer, if it comes from a standard\nice tray and not an automatic ice maker, is dry and dense, and has less\nsurface area—exactly what you need to make a killer cocktail.\n\n\"But wait,\" you may be saying. \"Wouldn't a large cube from the freezer have\nmore surface area than a small pellet from a machine?\" Yes, but machine-ice\npellets are small, usually, much smaller than a cube from your freezer. And\nthis means you need more pellets of machine ice to fill a shaker than if\nyou're using freezer cubes. The more pellets, the more surface area, and the\nmore condensation on those surfaces.\n\nThe key to using freezer ice is to keep it in your freezer until you're ready\nto use it. If you use ice that you've left out on the counter or in an ice\nbucket, it too will have liquid condensing on its surface, and that can lead\nto overdiluted drinks.\n\nIn this post, I'll walk you through the most common uses for ice in mixology,\nand in a future post, I'll discuss a few styles of \"fancier\" ice that can\nliven up a drink.\n\n#### Making Ice\n\nFirst, get a few good-quality ice trays. I like the silicone Tovolo \"perfect\ncube\" trays, which make true cubes of about an inch per side. I like them in\npart because I like the look of a true cube, but more so because the trays\nwon't break like plastic trays do. But plastic trays are inexpensive and easy\nto find, so if you go with those, you're good.\n\nAs to the water ... many bartenders and cocktail writers insist on using\nfiltered water for ice. They reason that the chlorine and other chemicals\nfound in tap water can contribute off flavors to a cocktail.\n\nNow, I drink tap water all day, but I have good water that doesn't taste\nfunny. So I use tap water in my ice, too. If you happily drink your tap water,\nyou can make ice with it. Really. It's okay. If you prefer to drink filtered\nor bottled, however, go ahead and use that for your ice.\n\nStash the trays in the coldest part of your freezer and leave them alone for\nat least a day. You want the cubes to be rock solid and glacially cold.\n\n#### Cubed Ice\n\nVery little in cocktail making is simpler than this. Unmold your ice cubes and\nuse them in a mixing glass for a stirred drink, a shaker for a shaken drink,\nor in a serving glass for a rocks drink or a highball.\n\n#### Crushed Ice\n\nFamous primarily for frozen drinks and mint juleps. You can make crushed ice a\ncouple of different ways. Easiest, perhaps, is to use a blender. A fair\nportion of the ice will melt, though, just from the heat of the motor, so you\nmight want to drain off excess liquid so you don't water down your cocktails.\n\n[Photograph: Jennifer Hess]\n\n## What's New On Serious Eats\n\nAnother way, and one that's both fun and stress relieving, is to place cubes\nof ice into a bag, whether it's plastic or canvas (such as an old coin bag\nfrom a bank). Or wrap them in a clean towel. Then you simply whack the living\nhell out of them with a wooden mallet or rolling pin.\n\nBe careful, though: Your countertop will vibrate so much from this action that\nthings will shimmy around on it or even slide off. If you're using a canvas\nbag, it will wick away excess moisture. If you're using plastic, you might,\nagain, want to drain off any liquid that accumulates.\n\n#### Cracked Ice\n\nSometimes you want pieces of ice that are smaller than cubed but not\npulverized like crushed. Perhaps your whole ice cubes don't move smoothly in a\nmixing glass when you stir, or they're too bulky to be crushed in a blender.\nOr maybe you just like the texture of cracked ice in a beverage. You can crack\nice by hand easily enough.\n\nOne way is to take an individual cube in the palm of one hand, and whack away\nat it with the back of a bar spoon. Hit one surface, turn the cube, hit\nanother surface, and repeat until the cube cracks apart into smaller pieces of\nice.\n\nOr you can repeat the instructions for piling ice into a bag and slamming it\nwith a mallet. Stop short of actually pulverizing the stuff and you'll have a\nbag of cracked ice.\n\nAll products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We\nmay earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.\n\nMichael Dietsch Cocktail Contributor\n\n * Profile\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Contact\n\nMichael Dietsch is a barfly, booze hound, book hoarder, jazz fiend, and\ntechnographer. He lives with his wife, kids, and cats in the D.C. suburbs.\nWhen he's not out on the town, he's usually at home doing laundry and writing.\n\nDietsch has written two books: Shrubs: An Old Fashioned Drink for Modern\nTimes, and Whiskey: A Spirited Story with 75 Classic and Original Cocktails.\n\nHe'll save your life if you ask nicely enough.\n\n5 Printer-Friendly Version\n\n###### Tags\n\n * cocktail technique\n * ice\n\nSERIOUS EATS\n\nCocktails\n\n * Cocktails & Spirits\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Drinks\n * Cocktails & Spirits\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\nSign In or Register\n\nShow 5 Comments\n\n##### Comments\n\n### Hello Eater!\n\nWant to comment? Sign In or Register\n\n##### ADD A COMMENT\n\n##### PREVIEW YOUR COMMENT\n\n##### HTML Hints\n\nSome HTML is OK: <a href=\"URL\">link</a>, <strong>strong</strong>, <em>em</em>\n\n##### Comment Guidelines\n\nPost whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We\nreserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more in\nthe Comment Policy section of our Terms of Use page.\n\nIf you see something not so nice, please, report an inappropriate comment.\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\n## Popular Recipes\n\nDairy-Free\n\n#### Rich and Creamy Tonkotsu Ramen Broth\n\nA tonkotsu just like the one at your favorite ramen shop.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nChicken\n\n#### Southern Fried Chicken\n\nThe crispiest, crunchiest, juiciest fried chicken around.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nChristmas\n\n#### Ultra-Crispy Slow-Roasted Pork Shoulder\n\nPull-apart tender meat and ultra-crisp skin: It's not the most gorgeous roast\nin the world, but you'd be hard pressed to find one more flavorful.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nFish\n\n#### The Pantry Pasta From Palermo: A Different Kind of Tomato Sauce\n\nA pantry pasta by way of Palermo.\n\nSasha Marx\n\nSubscribe to our newsletter to get the latest recipes and tips!\n\nSerious Eats\n\n * Latest\n * Masthead\n * Contact\n * Newsletter\n * About\n * Advertise\n * Jobs\n * Sitemap\n * FAQ\n\nFollow Us\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * © 2020 Serious Eats Inc.\n\n#### Welcome! Please sign in.\n\n" } ]
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How To Wear a Wedding Band and Engagement Ring
While you’re free to wear your engagement ring and wedding band however you like, the traditional option is to wear them on the ring finger of your left hand. Typically, the engagement ring goes on first, followed by the wedding band. However, if you’d prefer, you can wear your wedding band on the inside and your engagement ring on the outside. You can even wear your wedding ring on one hand and your engagement ring on the other if you don’t to wear them on the same hand.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210811140811/https://www.theknot.com/content/whats-the-wedding-ring-etiquette", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210121060950/https://www.weddingideasmag.com/guide-stacking-wedding-rings/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210731060236/https://www.brides.com/story/alternative-ways-wear-your-engagement-ring-wedding-band", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509103737/https://www.brilliantearth.com/wedding-ring-guide/how-to-wear-your-wedding-ring/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201026152236/https://www.primestyle.com/news/Wedding-Rings/Wedding_Band_and_Engagement_Ring_Etiquette.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210917054406/https://www.theknot.com/content/ring-finger-what-hand-wedding-engagement-ring", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200928182817/https://www.mervisdiamond.com/blog/2012/12/how-to-wear-your-engagement-wedding-rings/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210828080400/https://www.genesisdiamonds.net/blog/education/how-to-wear-wedding-ring" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.theknot.com/content/whats-the-wedding-ring-etiquette", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210811140811/https://www.theknot.com/content/whats-the-wedding-ring-etiquette", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Engagement Ring vs Wedding Ring: What's the Difference?", "passages": [ "We have included third party products to help you navigate and enjoy life’s biggest moments. Purchases made through links on this page may earn us a commission.", "If you've been wondering what the difference is between an engagement ring vs. wedding ring, we've got you covered. Keep reading for a full explanation of when to wear each type of ring, how much each costs, which styles are most popular, how to protect your expensive engagement jewelry, and more.", "For one, timing plays a big role. Traditionally, the engagement ring is given by one partner to the other when a marriage proposal takes place. The engagement ring is typically more extravagant than a wedding ring and commonly has a center stone.", "The wedding ring or wedding band is worn by both spouses after exchanging vows during the marriage ceremony. For brides, the wedding ring is typically on the simpler side — when compared to the engagement ring — and is worn directly next to a woman's diamond engagement ring on her left-hand ring finger.", "While the engagement ring simply shows that a woman is engaged, the addition of the wedding band on the same finger shows that a woman is officially married.", "There are no rules about what kind of engagement or wedding jewelry you have to have, but if you choose to follow the tradition of wearing a diamond ring throughout your engagement — and then adding a complementary wedding band once you've officially tied the knot — you'll need both.", "If you want to go this route — but aren't sure where to start — talk to your jeweler. They can help make the shopping process easier by assisting you in choosing a matching ring set. Not to mention, it will likely end up costing less to buy your rings as a set — rather than buying them separately.", "The great thing about weddings these days is that the modern bride has the option to forgo tradition in order to fulfill her own preferences — meaning that there are basically no absolute mandates.", "That said, if you're in favor of following traditional bridal etiquette, it is custom to wear your engagement ring when you walk down the aisle. Then, once you and your partner exchange vows, whomever is leading the ceremony will typically instruct you and your partner to exchange wedding rings.", "Once this happens, you — as the bride — will officially be wearing your matching set — with both your wedding and engagement rings on your left-hand ring finger.", "After your wedding ceremony, you will continue to wear your engagement ring along with your wedding band. So, yes. Feel free to stack on the jewels and show that stunner off!", "Again, this is another area where there aren't any set rules. Whether to buy a diamond ring or go with a more alternative style is completely up to you.", "These days, brides are choosing all kinds of stone styles, cuts, and colors. Gemstones, such as sapphire, emerald, ruby, aquamarine, and topaz, have been popular choices for more colorful center stones.", "Or if your preferences skew more simple, you can totally shop around for a more understated style. For instance, jewelers often carry romantic bands that can be worn as engagement rings, which come in a number of finishes or with delicately embedded stones or small diamonds.", "In order to preserve and protect your engagement ring, there are certain situations where you may want to take it off and store it in a safe place. In general, here are some times when it's probably best to remove your ring — no matter its composition — for the purpose of protecting it:", "The gym: It's best to take off your ring before working out, especially if you'll be lifting weights or holding onto metal objects, such as barbells. In these situations, when you're throwing around heavy weights, your ring could get small nicks and scratches — or it could even become bent.", "When sleeping: Deciding whether to sleep with your engagement ring on is a personal choice. While it's likely not the end of the world if you do sleep with it on, you may want to consider taking it off and leaving it on your nightstand table if you're a bit of a restless sleeper and move around in the night. That way, there's zero chance it could get snagged on your pillow, sheets — or worse, your hair. (Ouch!)", "In the shower: The reason you may want to leave your ring off while in the shower has to do with the various scented soaps and hair products that could cause build up on your diamond and ring exterior. These beauty formulas can cause cloudy buildup on your stone, or worse, under your stone—which is much more difficult to clean.", "When swimming: Whether you're at the beach or in a pool, your ring can easily fall off while swimming. So, for the general safety of your ring, it's a good idea to take your ring off before taking a dip. At the beach, sand can also damage your engagement ring since small grains can get wedged in the setting of your engagement ring, which can loosen the prongs and make your rock at risk of falling out. And, if you're using sunscreen, the product can cause build up on your ring — just like your other beauty products do.", "Keep in mind: The occasions when you should take your ring off may vary based on the materials your ring is made of. For instance, if your ring is made from platinum, you likely won't have to take it off for every little thing — especially since platinum is considered a sturdy engagement ring material. However, you should ask your jeweler about the proper care for your specific ring just to be sure.", "Nope! You definitely don't have to wear your ring all of the time. Of course, if you do decide to go a few days without it, you may want to discuss this with your partner and explain why you feel like taking it off from time to time. That way, he or she won't start to think anything has changed regarding how you feel about the relationship.", "Usually, engagement rings cost more than wedding rings or bands. The average cost of an engagement ring in 2019 was $5,900, according to The Knot's 2019 Jewelry and Engagement Study.", "By contrast, according to that same study, the average cost for a women's wedding band in 2019 was $1,100. And the average cost of a men's wedding band was $510.", "Of course, the amount you'll pay will vary based on the bridal sets you choose — but that's how the pricing panned out for the average bride and groom last year.", "Just like all trends, various engagement ring styles go in and out of fashion. These are a few of the styles that are forecasted to be big in 2020:", "Fancy cut diamond engagement rings: In case you're unfamiliar, a fancy cut diamond is any diamond shape other than a round brilliant. A few of the most common fancy cut diamonds are cushion cut, emerald cut, princess cut, heart shaped, marquise shaped, oval shaped, pear shaped, and radiant cut — but there are many others.", "Emerald stone engagement rings: For brides who love a pop of color, they'll be happy to hear that rich, deep green-colored emerald stones are going to be an in-fashion center stone option this year.", "Vintage engagement rings: Those with an eye for classics are going to love that vintage (and vintage-inspired) engagement rings — which are known for having intricate detailing and elaborate halos — are expected to be front and center in 2020.", "Rose cut diamond engagement rings: Classic brides with an eye for the old- fashioned will also swoon over this 2020 ring trend. Rose cut diamond engagement rings, which became popular in the 1500s, have a flat bottom and a domed top to resemble the shape of a rose bud.", "Hidden halo engagement rings: This ring trend offers a more understated approach to halo settings. What is a hidden halo? Well, it's a whole lot like what the name sounds like. With this \"hidden\" halo, you typically can't see the delicate pavé diamonds that run along the base of the center stone when you view the stone from above.", "Two-stone engagement rings: Instead of featuring one big center stone, two- stone engagement rings incorporate two featured diamonds. The look of these rings varies depending upon the design.", "Three-stone engagement rings: Last, but not least, we have three-stone engagement rings, which are conceptually the same as two-stone rings — except they feature three focal point stones. Most recently, this style was made popular by Meghan Markle, whose engagement ring featured a three-stone diamond and 14-karat yellow gold.", "Metal bands: Here you go, classic gals (and guys)! Buying a metal wedding band typically means you want something with no gemstones or diamonds. They're usually crafted in platinum or 18-karat or 14-karat gold (yellow, white, or rose gold). A metal band almost never goes out of style and often develops a beautiful surface coating patina with age.", "Pavé bands: If you're into the idea of maximizing the sparkle and shine of your wedding set, a pavé diamond band just may be for you. They're encrusted in delicate pavé diamonds that are set into the metal of the ring — and often are considered a great pairing to a cushion cut solitaire with a pavé halo setting.", "Eternity bands: Also known as an infinity ring, eternity bands are a specific type of band that are known for having the same size of diamond running along the entirety of the ring as a symbol of eternity. If you want a ring style that holds meaning or that has real symbolism behind the design, this may just be the ring type for you.", "Modern wedding bands: When we say \"modern\" wedding bands, we mean those with alternative designs. That could mean the band doesn't close all the way around or maybe it has a crescent shape that hugs the center stone. These rings are meant for the bride with an eye for design who wants something that strays from the norm.", "There you have it! We know you will crush it at shopping for your dream wedding and engagement ring. The most important thing is to make sure you choose a ring set that suits you, your budget, and your lifestyle — and that you will love it for life.", "We scouted the Bridal Fashion Week runways to find the trends you need to know about. Here's what's going to be hot in 2022.", "From the pages of history books, scripts, celebrity gossip columns and more, we've rounded up the memorable matchups whose love makes us swoon." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Engagement Ring vs Wedding Ring: What's the Difference?\n\nIdeas & Advice/Engagement/Engagement Rings\n\n# The Difference Between an Engagement Ring and a Wedding Ring, Explained\n\nYou'll get the hang of it in no time.\n\nOne Love Photography\n\nby Anna Hecht\n\nAnna Hecht\n\nUpdated May 27, 2020\n\nWe have included third party products to help you navigate and enjoy life’s\nbiggest moments. Purchases made through links on this page may earn us a\ncommission.\n\nIf you've been wondering what the difference is between an engagement ring vs.\nwedding ring, we've got you covered. Keep reading for a full explanation of\nwhen to wear each type of ring, how much each costs, which styles are most\npopular, how to protect your expensive engagement jewelry, and more.\n\n * What Is the Difference Between an Engagement Ring and a Wedding Ring?\n * Do I Need Both an Engagement Ring and a Wedding Ring?\n * Do You Wear Your Engagement Ring When You Walk Down the Aisle?\n * Do You Still Wear Your Engagement Ring After You Get Married?\n * Can Any Ring Be an Engagement Ring?\n * When Do You Take Off Your Engagement Ring?\n * Do You Have to Wear Your Wedding Ring All the Time?\n * Engagement Ring vs. Wedding Ring: What's More Expensive?\n * Popular Engagement Ring Styles\n * Popular Wedding Band Styles\n\n## What Is the Difference Between an Engagement Ring and a Wedding Ring?\n\nThere are a couple of ways an engagement ring differs from a wedding ring.\n\nFor one, timing plays a big role. Traditionally, the engagement ring is given\nby one partner to the other when a marriage proposal takes place. The\nengagement ring is typically more extravagant than a wedding ring and commonly\nhas a center stone.\n\nThe wedding ring or wedding band is worn by both spouses after exchanging vows\nduring the marriage ceremony. For brides, the wedding ring is typically on the\nsimpler side — when compared to the engagement ring — and is worn directly\nnext to a woman's diamond engagement ring on her left-hand ring finger.\n\nWhile the engagement ring simply shows that a woman is engaged, the addition\nof the wedding band on the same finger shows that a woman is officially\nmarried.\n\n## Do I Need Both an Engagement Ring and a Wedding Ring?\n\nThere are no rules about what kind of engagement or wedding jewelry you have\nto have, but if you choose to follow the tradition of wearing a diamond ring\nthroughout your engagement — and then adding a complementary wedding band once\nyou've officially tied the knot — you'll need both.\n\nIf you want to go this route — but aren't sure where to start — talk to your\njeweler. They can help make the shopping process easier by assisting you in\nchoosing a matching ring set. Not to mention, it will likely end up costing\nless to buy your rings as a set — rather than buying them separately.\n\n## Do You Wear Your Engagement Ring When You Walk Down the Aisle?\n\nThe great thing about weddings these days is that the modern bride has the\noption to forgo tradition in order to fulfill her own preferences — meaning\nthat there are basically no absolute mandates.\n\nThat said, if you're in favor of following traditional bridal etiquette, it is\ncustom to wear your engagement ring when you walk down the aisle. Then, once\nyou and your partner exchange vows, whomever is leading the ceremony will\ntypically instruct you and your partner to exchange wedding rings.\n\nOnce this happens, you — as the bride — will officially be wearing your\nmatching set — with both your wedding and engagement rings on your left-hand\nring finger.\n\n## Do You Still Wear Your Engagement Ring After You Get Married?\n\nAfter your wedding ceremony, you will continue to wear your engagement ring\nalong with your wedding band. So, yes. Feel free to stack on the jewels and\nshow that stunner off!\n\n## Can Any Ring Be an Engagement Ring?\n\nAgain, this is another area where there aren't any set rules. Whether to buy a\ndiamond ring or go with a more alternative style is completely up to you.\n\nThese days, brides are choosing all kinds of stone styles, cuts, and colors.\nGemstones, such as sapphire, emerald, ruby, aquamarine, and topaz, have been\npopular choices for more colorful center stones.\n\nOr if your preferences skew more simple, you can totally shop around for a\nmore understated style. For instance, jewelers often carry romantic bands that\ncan be worn as engagement rings, which come in a number of finishes or with\ndelicately embedded stones or small diamonds.\n\n## When Do You Take Off Your Engagement Ring?\n\nIn order to preserve and protect your engagement ring, there are certain\nsituations where you may want to take it off and store it in a safe place. In\ngeneral, here are some times when it's probably best to remove your ring — no\nmatter its composition — for the purpose of protecting it:\n\nThe gym: It's best to take off your ring before working out, especially if\nyou'll be lifting weights or holding onto metal objects, such as barbells. In\nthese situations, when you're throwing around heavy weights, your ring could\nget small nicks and scratches — or it could even become bent.\n\nWhen sleeping: Deciding whether to sleep with your engagement ring on is a\npersonal choice. While it's likely not the end of the world if you do sleep\nwith it on, you may want to consider taking it off and leaving it on your\nnightstand table if you're a bit of a restless sleeper and move around in the\nnight. That way, there's zero chance it could get snagged on your pillow,\nsheets — or worse, your hair. (Ouch!)\n\nIn the shower: The reason you may want to leave your ring off while in the\nshower has to do with the various scented soaps and hair products that could\ncause build up on your diamond and ring exterior. These beauty formulas can\ncause cloudy buildup on your stone, or worse, under your stone—which is much\nmore difficult to clean.\n\nWhen swimming: Whether you're at the beach or in a pool, your ring can easily\nfall off while swimming. So, for the general safety of your ring, it's a good\nidea to take your ring off before taking a dip. At the beach, sand can also\ndamage your engagement ring since small grains can get wedged in the setting\nof your engagement ring, which can loosen the prongs and make your rock at\nrisk of falling out. And, if you're using sunscreen, the product can cause\nbuild up on your ring — just like your other beauty products do.\n\nKeep in mind: The occasions when you should take your ring off may vary based\non the materials your ring is made of. For instance, if your ring is made from\nplatinum, you likely won't have to take it off for every little thing —\nespecially since platinum is considered a sturdy engagement ring material.\nHowever, you should ask your jeweler about the proper care for your specific\nring just to be sure.\n\n## Do You Have to Wear Your Wedding Ring All the Time?\n\nNope! You definitely don't have to wear your ring all of the time. Of course,\nif you do decide to go a few days without it, you may want to discuss this\nwith your partner and explain why you feel like taking it off from time to\ntime. That way, he or she won't start to think anything has changed regarding\nhow you feel about the relationship.\n\n## Engagement Ring vs. Wedding Ring: What's More Expensive?\n\nUsually, engagement rings cost more than wedding rings or bands. The average\ncost of an engagement ring in 2019 was $5,900, according to The Knot's 2019\nJewelry and Engagement Study.\n\nBy contrast, according to that same study, the average cost for a women's\nwedding band in 2019 was $1,100. And the average cost of a men's wedding band\nwas $510.\n\nOf course, the amount you'll pay will vary based on the bridal sets you choose\n— but that's how the pricing panned out for the average bride and groom last\nyear.\n\n## Popular Engagement Ring Styles\n\nJust like all trends, various engagement ring styles go in and out of fashion.\nThese are a few of the styles that are forecasted to be big in 2020:\n\nFancy cut diamond engagement rings: In case you're unfamiliar, a fancy cut\ndiamond is any diamond shape other than a round brilliant. A few of the most\ncommon fancy cut diamonds are cushion cut, emerald cut, princess cut, heart\nshaped, marquise shaped, oval shaped, pear shaped, and radiant cut — but there\nare many others.\n\nEmerald stone engagement rings: For brides who love a pop of color, they'll be\nhappy to hear that rich, deep green-colored emerald stones are going to be an\nin-fashion center stone option this year.\n\nVintage engagement rings: Those with an eye for classics are going to love\nthat vintage (and vintage-inspired) engagement rings — which are known for\nhaving intricate detailing and elaborate halos — are expected to be front and\ncenter in 2020.\n\nRose cut diamond engagement rings: Classic brides with an eye for the old-\nfashioned will also swoon over this 2020 ring trend. Rose cut diamond\nengagement rings, which became popular in the 1500s, have a flat bottom and a\ndomed top to resemble the shape of a rose bud.\n\nHidden halo engagement rings: This ring trend offers a more understated\napproach to halo settings. What is a hidden halo? Well, it's a whole lot like\nwhat the name sounds like. With this \"hidden\" halo, you typically can't see\nthe delicate pavé diamonds that run along the base of the center stone when\nyou view the stone from above.\n\nTwo-stone engagement rings: Instead of featuring one big center stone, two-\nstone engagement rings incorporate two featured diamonds. The look of these\nrings varies depending upon the design.\n\nThree-stone engagement rings: Last, but not least, we have three-stone\nengagement rings, which are conceptually the same as two-stone rings — except\nthey feature three focal point stones. Most recently, this style was made\npopular by Meghan Markle, whose engagement ring featured a three-stone diamond\nand 14-karat yellow gold.\n\n## Popular Wedding Band Styles\n\nWhen choosing your dream wedding band, here are some styles to consider:\n\nMetal bands: Here you go, classic gals (and guys)! Buying a metal wedding band\ntypically means you want something with no gemstones or diamonds. They're\nusually crafted in platinum or 18-karat or 14-karat gold (yellow, white, or\nrose gold). A metal band almost never goes out of style and often develops a\nbeautiful surface coating patina with age.\n\nPavé bands: If you're into the idea of maximizing the sparkle and shine of\nyour wedding set, a pavé diamond band just may be for you. They're encrusted\nin delicate pavé diamonds that are set into the metal of the ring — and often\nare considered a great pairing to a cushion cut solitaire with a pavé halo\nsetting.\n\nEternity bands: Also known as an infinity ring, eternity bands are a specific\ntype of band that are known for having the same size of diamond running along\nthe entirety of the ring as a symbol of eternity. If you want a ring style\nthat holds meaning or that has real symbolism behind the design, this may just\nbe the ring type for you.\n\nModern wedding bands: When we say \"modern\" wedding bands, we mean those with\nalternative designs. That could mean the band doesn't close all the way around\nor maybe it has a crescent shape that hugs the center stone. These rings are\nmeant for the bride with an eye for design who wants something that strays\nfrom the norm.\n\nThere you have it! We know you will crush it at shopping for your dream\nwedding and engagement ring. The most important thing is to make sure you\nchoose a ring set that suits you, your budget, and your lifestyle — and that\nyou will love it for life.\n\nMOST POPULAR ON THE KNOT\n\nAll the Best Engagement Captions for Instagram\n\nHere's How Much to Spend on an Engagement Ring\n\nThe 66 Most Romantic Ways to Propose\n\nMOST POPULAR ON THE KNOT\n\nHow Long Should You Date Before Getting Engaged?\n\nHow to Clean a Diamond Ring at Home\n\nHow to Wear Your Wedding and Engagement Rings\n\nUp Next\n\nShowing slide number 1 out of 10\n\n * 9 Ways to Pick the Perfect Wedding Ring\n\n * Emma Stone's Engagement Ring Details\n\n * Meghan Markle's Engagement Ring Details\n\n * 12 Wedding Rings Your Future Husband Will Actually Wear\n\n * 10 Nesting Band Wedding Rings to Match Your Engagement Ring\n\n * 40 Unique Mens Wedding Bands & Cool Mens Wedding Bands\n\n * Should You Buy Your Engagement Ring Online?\n\n * The Best Band for Every Diamond Shape\n\n * Here Are the 10 Most Popular Locations to Instagram Your Engagement\n\n * The Unexpected Engagement Ring Shape That's Making a Comeback\n\n## Trending\n\nThe 2022 Wedding Dress Trends\n\nWe scouted the Bridal Fashion Week runways to find the trends you need to know\nabout. Here's what's going to be hot in 2022.\n\nUpdated Apr 14, 2021\n\nExclusive: Ally Love on Planning a Wedding Purposefully\n\n\"You would think it would be me who wants a big wedding. It's actually the\nopposite.\"\n\nUpdated Jun 28, 2021\n\nThe 2021 Wedding Cake Trends Every Couple Needs to Know\n\nAnd they'll taste as good as they look.\n\nUpdated Oct 23, 2020\n\nWhat to Know About Bruno Mars's Longtime Girlfriend\n\nThe couple has been together for nearly a decade.\n\nUpdated Aug 07, 2020\n\nVaccinations Are Required at Your Venue. Now What?\n\nWe break it down for couples and guests.\n\nUpdated Aug 05, 2021\n\nYour Guests Refuse to Get Vaccinated. Now What?\n\nHere are basic tips for how to respond, according to experts.\n\nUpdated Jun 24, 2021\n\nFamous Couples We Love to Love\n\nFrom the pages of history books, scripts, celebrity gossip columns and more,\nwe've rounded up the memorable matchups whose love makes us swoon.\n\nUpdated May 20, 2020\n\nScarlett Johansson and Colin Jost's Wedding Embraced 2021 Trends\n\nPlus, find out how their wedding embraced 2021 trends.\n\nUpdated Jul 06, 2021\n\nInside Gwen Stefani and Blake Shelton's Wedding\n\n\"The wedding, the best way to describe it, is it was 'perfectly them,'\" said\ntheir officiant, Carson Daly.\n\nUpdated Jul 06, 2021\n\nExactly How to Store Your Gown Before the Wedding\n\nYou do not want to store it in plastic.\n\nUpdated May 26, 2020\n\nView All\n\nmade with\n\nPlanning & Inspiration\n\nThe Company\n\nSister Sites\n\nGet Our Wedding Planner App On Your Mobile Device\n\nAre you a vendor?\n\nSign up on The Knot to reach more couples and book more weddings!\n\nStart Here\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.weddingideasmag.com/guide-stacking-wedding-rings/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210121060950/https://www.weddingideasmag.com/guide-stacking-wedding-rings/", "parsed_text": { "title": "A Guide to the Stacking Wedding Rings Trend", "passages": [ "Brides today have so much choice when it comes to engagement and wedding rings. The traditional solitaire and plain wedding band are still popular. However, stacking wedding rings are now a very sought after trend.", "The stacked wedding ring look has been around for a while. For instance, in Scandinavia, it’s common for women to wear three rings:", "On the other hand, the fashion world has been favouring the ‘stacked’ or ‘layered’ look in jewellery for a while now. So wearing several wedding rings at once can be seen as both fashionable and meaningful.", "Many brides like the idea of wearing two wedding rings around their engagement ring for symmetry. To others, the symbolism of the engagement ring being ‘sealed in’ with two bands is appealing. However, sometimes it’s simply a question of wanting more sparkle. Many women are also given gift rings during the course of their marriage to mark big occasions like anniversaries or the birth of a baby. In these cases, stacked rings are a reminder of cherished moments.", "Matching your stacked engagement and wedding bands is something you don’t have to worry about! Even traditionalists believe that when it comes to wedding jewellery, you’re allowed to mix metals, diamonds and gems. So you can choose matching rings in the same colour if you like. Or mix it up with white, yellow and rose gold, platinum, design eras and precious stones. The main thing is that the look expresses your individual style and you’ll be happy wearing your rings for a lifetime.", "The symmetrical stacking method is the most popular. It means placing your engagement ring in the middle and ‘locking it in’ with two bands or eternity rings, one on either side. However, some brides prefer to slide the engagement ring on first and then add the two bands after it. Both of these ways of stacking can be done from the start, on the day of your wedding. You can then also add further bands over the years to commemorate life events.", "Again, this is up to you. Most fingers will comfortably fit one engagement ring, plus two to four wedding bands or eternity rings – but this ultimately depends on the width and thickness of the rings and how sensitive your hands are to wearing several rings at once. Have you accumulated several gift rings in your collection over the years? You could consider having just your engagement ring on the left ring finger. Then you can stack your wedding ring and other bands on your right hand for a really powerful look.", "As many brides now want to opt for a stacked look from get-go, buying the rings together makes more financial sense. This is because diamonds and gems usually come at a reduced per-carat price if you buy more of them at once. ‘Bridal sets’ that incorporate a perfectly matched engagement ring and a diamond wedding band offer excellent value for money. Some of them already come with multiple bands built in to give an opulent stacked appearance. Once you have a bridal set, it’s easy to pick further matching rings to add to your sparkling stack of diamonds.", "Want more wedding information and inspiration? Just hit ‘Like’ on our Wedding Ideas Facebook page, and ‘Follow’ on our @wimagazine Twitter account to join in the conversation.", "From Beauty and Fashion to Honeymoon Hotspots, the Wedding Ideas weekly newsletters are essential reading for all brides-to-be to help you plan the day of your dreams." ] }, "parsed_md": "A Guide to the Stacking Wedding Rings Trend | Wedding Ideas magazine\n\n * Planning\n\n * Engagement\n * Budget\n * Stationery\n * Flowers\n * Hen and Stag\n * Gifts\n * Etiquette\n * Readings and Speeches\n * Music\n * Photography\n * Venues\n * Entertainment\n * Wedding Cakes\n * Catering\n * Ceremony\n * Transport\n * DIY\n * Fashion\n\n * Wedding Dresses\n * Groomswear\n * Bridesmaids and Flower Girls\n * Shoes\n * Accessories\n * Rings\n * Beauty\n\n * Hair\n * Makeup\n * Health and Fitness\n * Honeymoons\n * Inspiration\n * Competitions\n * Venue Finder\n * About\n\n * Contact Us\n * The British Wedding Awards\n * Single Issues\n\n * Planning\n\n * Engagement\n * Budget\n * Stationery\n * Flowers\n * Hen and Stag\n * Gifts\n * Etiquette\n * Readings and Speeches\n * Music\n * Photography\n * Venues\n * Entertainment\n * Wedding Cakes\n * Catering\n * Ceremony\n * Transport\n * DIY\n * Fashion\n\n * Wedding Dresses\n * Groomswear\n * Bridesmaids and Flower Girls\n * Shoes\n * Accessories\n * Rings\n * Beauty\n\n * Hair\n * Makeup\n * Health and Fitness\n * Honeymoons\n * Inspiration\n * Competitions\n * Venue Finder\n * About\n\n * Contact Us\n * The British Wedding Awards\n * Single Issues\n\nHome Fashion Rings\n\n * Fashion\n * Rings\n\n# A Guide to the Stacking Wedding Rings Trend\n\nAre you considering the stacking wedding rings trend?\n\nBy\n\nAnnie Cording\n\n0\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nGoogle+\n\nPinterest\n\nWhatsApp\n\nBrides today have so much choice when it comes to engagement and wedding\nrings. The traditional solitaire and plain wedding band are still popular.\nHowever, stacking wedding rings are now a very sought after trend.\n\n## Stacking Wedding Rings\n\nPopular online jeweller, TheDiamondStore.co.uk, is here to show us how to\nachieve this sparkling look.\n\n### What is the ‘stacked wedding rings’ trend all about?\n\nThe stacked wedding ring look has been around for a while. For instance, in\nScandinavia, it’s common for women to wear three rings:\n\n * One for engagement\n * One for marriage\n * And one for motherhood.\n\nContinue reading below...\n\nOn the other hand, the fashion world has been favouring the ‘stacked’ or\n‘layered’ look in jewellery for a while now. So wearing several wedding rings\nat once can be seen as both fashionable and meaningful.\n\n### What’s so appealing about stacked wedding rings?\n\nMany brides like the idea of wearing two wedding rings around their engagement\nring for symmetry. To others, the symbolism of the engagement ring being\n‘sealed in’ with two bands is appealing. However, sometimes it’s simply a\nquestion of wanting more sparkle. Many women are also given gift rings during\nthe course of their marriage to mark big occasions like anniversaries or the\nbirth of a baby. In these cases, stacked rings are a reminder of cherished\nmoments.\n\n### How to choose and match the rings\n\nMatching your stacked engagement and wedding bands is something you don’t have\nto worry about! Even traditionalists believe that when it comes to wedding\njewellery, you’re allowed to mix metals, diamonds and gems. So you can choose\nmatching rings in the same colour if you like. Or mix it up with white, yellow\nand rose gold, platinum, design eras and precious stones. The main thing is\nthat the look expresses your individual style and you’ll be happy wearing your\nrings for a lifetime.\n\n### In which order should the rings be stacked?\n\nThe symmetrical stacking method is the most popular. It means placing your\nengagement ring in the middle and ‘locking it in’ with two bands or eternity\nrings, one on either side. However, some brides prefer to slide the engagement\nring on first and then add the two bands after it. Both of these ways of\nstacking can be done from the start, on the day of your wedding. You can then\nalso add further bands over the years to commemorate life events.\n\n### How many rings can I stack all together?\n\nAgain, this is up to you. Most fingers will comfortably fit one engagement\nring, plus two to four wedding bands or eternity rings – but this ultimately\ndepends on the width and thickness of the rings and how sensitive your hands\nare to wearing several rings at once. Have you accumulated several gift rings\nin your collection over the years? You could consider having just your\nengagement ring on the left ring finger. Then you can stack your wedding ring\nand other bands on your right hand for a really powerful look.\n\n### Is it best to buy the rings together or separately?\n\nAs many brides now want to opt for a stacked look from get-go, buying the\nrings together makes more financial sense. This is because diamonds and gems\nusually come at a reduced per-carat price if you buy more of them at once.\n‘Bridal sets’ that incorporate a perfectly matched engagement ring and a\ndiamond wedding band offer excellent value for money. Some of them already\ncome with multiple bands built in to give an opulent stacked appearance. Once\nyou have a bridal set, it’s easy to pick further matching rings to add to your\nsparkling stack of diamonds.\n\n### READ MORE:\n\n * Dieting mistakes every bride makes\n * The bridal beauty trends you need to know\n * The best food for a healthy stomach\n\nWant more wedding information and inspiration? Just hit ‘Like’ on our Wedding\nIdeas Facebook page, and ‘Follow’ on our @wimagazine Twitter account to join\nin the conversation.\n\nPrevious article5 tips for bespoke wedding music that will wow!\n\nNext articleA first look at outstanding new collections\n\nAnnie Cording\n\n#### RELATED ARTICLESMORE FROM AUTHOR\n\n### Engagement Ring Trends for 2021\n\n### This is how Much the Average Engagement Ring now Costs\n\n### Top 5 Unique Wedding Bands for 2020\n\nFrom Beauty and Fashion to Honeymoon Hotspots, the Wedding Ideas weekly\nnewsletters are essential reading for all brides-to-be to help you plan the\nday of your dreams.\n\n© 2021 Chelsea Magazine Company | Advertise | Terms & Conditions | Privacy\nPolicy | Affiliate Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.brides.com/story/alternative-ways-wear-your-engagement-ring-wedding-band", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210731060236/https://www.brides.com/story/alternative-ways-wear-your-engagement-ring-wedding-band", "parsed_text": { "title": "Alternative Ways to Wear Your Engagement Ring and Wedding Band", "passages": [ "Jaimie Mackey was the Brides real weddings editor from 2013 to 2015. She also worked as a luxury wedding planning producing over 100 high-end weddings and events over four wedding seasons in Colorado.", "Wearing your wedding band on your left hand dates back to Roman tradition and the ancient belief that a vein ran directly from the left ring finger to the heart. The science may have been debunked, but that idea of a vena amoris, or a love vein, holds strong today, which is the reason why when your fiancé got down on one knee, they most likely slipped a ring on your left hand (or intended to, anyway).", "While wearing your band with your engagement ring stacked on top is the most common arrangement, there are many other ways to mix and match rings to flaunt your new married status.", "If you’re a ring stack devotee, consider purchasing more than one wedding band that you can layer on either side of your ring, creating layers of sparkle around your engagement ring. They could be plain, jeweled, or a mix of both—whatever fits your style and flatters your engagement ring.", "Don’t want your right hand to be left out? Wear your wedding band on your left hand, but switch your engagement ring to your right hand. You can always add anniversary bands to create a pretty stack later. Lefties, rejoice! In some countries and cultures, such as some orthodox Christian communities, wedding rings are worn on the right hand instead of the left, freeing up your dominant hand for tasks that an engagement ring could get in the way of.", "If you're inclined to go completely hands-free—either just for a particularly adventurous experience (hello, white water rafting) or full time—you can always slip your rings on a favorite chain and secure them around your neck for a boho necklace with both peace of mind and all the ooey-gooey feels.", "Last, but not least, you can also skip the wedding band altogether: Instead, use your engagement ring to symbolize your marriage, as well, and have your fiancé slip it back on your hand as you exchange vows." ] }, "parsed_md": "Alternative Ways to Wear Your Engagement Ring and Wedding Band\n\n * Engagement\n\n * Engagement Rings\n * Marriage Proposal Ideas\n * Wedding Bands\n * Wedding\n\n * Real Weddings\n * Wedding Venues\n * Destination Wedding Planning\n * Wedding Ceremony Ideas\n * Wedding Reception Ideas\n * Wedding Invitations\n * Wedding Décor Inspiration\n * Wedding Flowers & Bouquets\n * Food & Drink\n * Wedding Cakes\n * Wedding Photography\n * Wedding Music\n * Wedding Favors\n * Wedding Etiquette\n * Fashion & Beauty\n\n * Wedding Dresses\n * Bridesmaid Dresses\n * Makeup & Hair\n * Accessories\n * Groom Style\n * Wedding Party Attire\n * Wedding Guest Attire\n * Bridal Fashion Week\n * Skincare & Wellness\n * Showers & Parties\n\n * Engagement Party Planning\n * Bridal Shower\n * Bachelorette Party\n * Rehearsal Dinner\n * Registry & Gifts\n\n * Gift Ideas\n * Registry Tips\n * Anniversary Gifts\n * Honeymoon\n\n * Honeymoon Destinations\n * Honeymoon Planning Tips\n * About Us\n\n * The Brides Team\n * Editorial Guidelines\n * Contact Us\n\nBrides uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience and for our\n\nbusiness purposes.\n\n * FACEBOOK\n * PINTEREST\n * EMAILSHARE\n\n * Engagement\n * Engagement Rings\n\n# Alternative Ways to Wear Your Engagement Ring and Wedding Band\n\nby\n\nJaimie Mackey\n\nJaimie Mackey was the Brides real weddings editor from 2013 to 2015. She also\nworked as a luxury wedding planning producing over 100 high-end weddings and\nevents over four wedding seasons in Colorado.\n\nBrides's Editorial Guidelines\n\nJaimie Mackey\n\nUpdated 09/11/20\n\n * FACEBOOK\n * PINTEREST\n * EMAILSHARE\n\nPHOTO BY LAURKEN KENDALL\n\nWearing your wedding band on your left hand dates back to Roman tradition and\nthe ancient belief that a vein ran directly from the left ring finger to the\nheart. The science may have been debunked, but that idea of a vena amoris, or\na love vein, holds strong today, which is the reason why when your fiancé got\ndown on one knee, they most likely slipped a ring on your left hand (or\nintended to, anyway).\n\nWedding Traditions: Why Is the Wedding Ring Worn on the Left Hand?\n\nWhile wearing your band with your engagement ring stacked on top is the most\ncommon arrangement, there are many other ways to mix and match rings to flaunt\nyour new married status.\n\nMichela Buttignol/Brides\n\n## Stack Your Wedding Bands\n\nIf you’re a ring stack devotee, consider purchasing more than one wedding band\nthat you can layer on either side of your ring, creating layers of sparkle\naround your engagement ring. They could be plain, jeweled, or a mix of\nboth—whatever fits your style and flatters your engagement ring.\n\n## Give Your Right Hand Some Love\n\nDon’t want your right hand to be left out? Wear your wedding band on your left\nhand, but switch your engagement ring to your right hand. You can always add\nanniversary bands to create a pretty stack later. Lefties, rejoice! In some\ncountries and cultures, such as some orthodox Christian communities, wedding\nrings are worn on the right hand instead of the left, freeing up your dominant\nhand for tasks that an engagement ring could get in the way of.\n\n## Wear Them as a Necklace\n\nIf you're inclined to go completely hands-free—either just for a particularly\nadventurous experience (hello, white water rafting) or full time—you can\nalways slip your rings on a favorite chain and secure them around your neck\nfor a boho necklace with both peace of mind and all the ooey-gooey feels.\n\n## Skip a Band Completely\n\nLast, but not least, you can also skip the wedding band altogether: Instead,\nuse your engagement ring to symbolize your marriage, as well, and have your\nfiancé slip it back on your hand as you exchange vows.\n\nThe Complete Guide to Wedding Bands\n\n## Related Stories\n\n * Everything You Need to Know About Ring Fingers\n\n * How to Determine the Perfect Engagement Ring Size\n\n * How to Make an Engagement Ring Look Bigger\n\n * The 21 Best Gifts to Celebrate Your 40th Anniversary\n\n * 13 Wedding Superstitions, Explained\n\n * Sterling Silver Engagement Rings: The Complete Guide\n\n * Cobalt Wedding Bands: The Complete Guide\n\n * How to Find Your Dream Wedding Dress ... Again\n\n * 30 Best Double Band Engagement Rings for the Bride Who Wants Double the Bling\n\n * How Much to Spend on an Engagement Ring: Your Official Budget Guide\n\n * Engagement Ring vs. Wedding Ring: Do You Need Both?\n\n * Need More Bridal Bling? Here's How to Build the Ultimate Ring Stack\n\n * How to Take Care of Your Engagement Ring: 12 Dos and Don'ts\n\n * The Complete Guide to Wedding Bands\n\n * How to Pick a Wedding Band That Matches Your Engagement Ring\n\n * 67 Gorgeous Engagement Rings Under $2,000\n\n * Engagement\n * Wedding\n * Fashion & Beauty\n * Showers & Parties\n * Registry & Gifts\n * Honeymoon\n\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Terms of Use\n * Careers\n * Editorial Policy\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n * Contact\n * California Privacy Notice\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.brilliantearth.com/wedding-ring-guide/how-to-wear-your-wedding-ring/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509103737/https://www.brilliantearth.com/wedding-ring-guide/how-to-wear-your-wedding-ring/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Wear a Wedding Ring", "passages": [ "Discover our expert tips for styling your wedding ring, whether you choose to wear it with your engagement ring, or let it shine on its own.", "Many women want their rings to match perfectly. If you find this appealing, opt for a matched wedding ring set. These perfectly paired rings have the same details, embellishments, and/or gemstone accents, all of which end at the same point on both rings. An ideal choice for those drawn to symmetry, matched sets are available in a variety of styles.", "If the center gem protrudes, or if there are natural curves in the engagement ring, the wedding ring will need to be contoured for a perfect match. A contoured wedding band, also called a shadow band, will have a slight curve to accommodate the engagement ring as necessary in order to sit flush. Keep in mind that many women don't mind a slight gap of a few millimeters between the engagement ring and the wedding ring. It is a matter of personal preference.", "If you want your wedding and engagement rings to fit nicely together but do not feel that they must match perfectly, consider a wedding ring that complements your engagement ring. In these pairings, the engagement and wedding rings play off of one another beautifully.", "Choose the same precious metal—platinum, 18K, or 14K gold—so that both rings have the same properties and will “wear” and can be maintained in the same way over time.", "If you decide to include gemstones in your wedding ring, keep in mind the size, shape and setting of the gemstones relative to those in the engagement ring, as well as where on the wedding band the gemstones end. It is best if the diamonds align, or go all the way around, as in a diamond eternity band.", "If you plan to wear your rings on the same finger, it is best to keep the style and aesthetic similar. For example, if you have a vintage-inspired engagement ring, take a look at vintage style wedding rings. Keep the same in mind with contemporary styles. Classic solitaire engagement rings have more versatility and can be paired with different styles for the wedding ring.", "You may want to select a wedding ring that provides you with flexibility in wearing it separately. Depending on your lifestyle (e.g., active, frequent travel), and life stage (e.g., young children), it is nice to be able to wear your wedding ring by itself. Make sure you select a wedding ring you love on its own and also with its engagement ring companion.", "You may be looking for a unique wedding ring and don't want it to compete for attention with your engagement ring. If you have a contemporary aesthetic, you may also prefer to showcase your engagement and wedding rings separately.", "You may want to offset your wedding ring on a different hand when you marry to give yourself the option of layering it with other bands in the future (anniversaries or other occasions). This is called ring stacking.", "Authentic vintage wedding rings guarantee a one-of-a-kind look. They often feature exquisite details like hand engraving and milgrain, and may include diamonds in antique cuts that are rarely seen today. Infused with history and character, vintage wedding rings make a wonderful addition to any engagement ring.", "If your engagement ring is vintage or vintage-inspired, you may find selecting a wedding ring rather intimidating. Head over to our blog for tips to pairing a unique estate ring with a wedding band, making the process simple and fun.", "Thank you for booking a Brilliant Earth appointment! A jewelry specialist will reach out to you shortly to confirm your appointment.", "We’d love to send you a complimentary ring sizer to measure your ring size at home, we just need your mailing address." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Wear a Wedding Ring | Brilliant Earth\n\nOur Gift to You! 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How to Wear Your Wedding Ring\n\n# how to wear your wedding ring\n\nDiscover our expert tips for styling your wedding ring, whether you choose to\nwear it with your engagement ring, or let it shine on its own.\n\nwomen’s wedding ring styles women's\n\nMen’s Wedding Band styles men's\n\nhow to wear your wedding ring styling\n\nprecious metals metal\n\nfind ring size size\n\n## matching your wedding and engagement rings\n\n### matched sets\n\nMany women want their rings to match perfectly. If you find this appealing,\nopt for a matched wedding ring set. These perfectly paired rings have the same\ndetails, embellishments, and/or gemstone accents, all of which end at the same\npoint on both rings. An ideal choice for those drawn to symmetry, matched sets\nare available in a variety of styles.\n\nshop matched sets\n\n### straight vs. contoured rings\n\nIf the center gem protrudes, or if there are natural curves in the engagement\nring, the wedding ring will need to be contoured for a perfect match. A\ncontoured wedding band, also called a shadow band, will have a slight curve to\naccommodate the engagement ring as necessary in order to sit flush. Keep in\nmind that many women don't mind a slight gap of a few millimeters between the\nengagement ring and the wedding ring. It is a matter of personal preference.\n\n## Choosing a Complementary Wedding Ring\n\nIf you want your wedding and engagement rings to fit nicely together but do\nnot feel that they must match perfectly, consider a wedding ring that\ncomplements your engagement ring. In these pairings, the engagement and\nwedding rings play off of one another beautifully.\n\n### precious metal\n\nChoose the same precious metal—platinum, 18K, or 14K gold—so that both rings\nhave the same properties and will “wear” and can be maintained in the same way\nover time.\n\n### height, shape & finish\n\nIf you decide to include gemstones in your wedding ring, keep in mind the\nsize, shape and setting of the gemstones relative to those in the engagement\nring, as well as where on the wedding band the gemstones end. It is best if\nthe diamonds align, or go all the way around, as in a diamond eternity band.\n\n### style\n\nIf you plan to wear your rings on the same finger, it is best to keep the\nstyle and aesthetic similar. For example, if you have a vintage-inspired\nengagement ring, take a look at vintage style wedding rings. Keep the same in\nmind with contemporary styles. Classic solitaire engagement rings have more\nversatility and can be paired with different styles for the wedding ring.\n\n## wearing your wedding ring separately\n\nYou may want to select a wedding ring that provides you with flexibility in\nwearing it separately. Depending on your lifestyle (e.g., active, frequent\ntravel), and life stage (e.g., young children), it is nice to be able to wear\nyour wedding ring by itself. Make sure you select a wedding ring you love on\nits own and also with its engagement ring companion.\n\n### unique wedding rings\n\nYou may be looking for a unique wedding ring and don't want it to compete for\nattention with your engagement ring. If you have a contemporary aesthetic, you\nmay also prefer to showcase your engagement and wedding rings separately.\n\nshop unique wedding rings\n\n### stackable wedding rings\n\nYou may want to offset your wedding ring on a different hand when you marry to\ngive yourself the option of layering it with other bands in the future\n(anniversaries or other occasions). This is called ring stacking.\n\nshop stackable rings\n\n### vintage wedding rings\n\nAuthentic vintage wedding rings guarantee a one-of-a-kind look. They often\nfeature exquisite details like hand engraving and milgrain, and may include\ndiamonds in antique cuts that are rarely seen today. Infused with history and\ncharacter, vintage wedding rings make a wonderful addition to any engagement\nring.\n\nshop vintage wedding rings\n\n## own a vintage engagement ring?\n\nIf your engagement ring is vintage or vintage-inspired, you may find selecting\na wedding ring rather intimidating. Head over to our blog for tips to pairing\na unique estate ring with a wedding band, making the process simple and fun.\n\nview guide\n\n## Ready to Get Started?\n\nShop Women’s Wedding Rings\n\nShop Men’s Wedding Rings\n\nShop Vintage Wedding Rings\n\nback men’s wedding Band styles men’s wedding Band styles men’s wedding Band\nstyles\n\nnext Precious Metal Options Precious Metal Options Precious Metal Options\n\nABOUT\n\n * Visit Our Showrooms\n * Our Story Our Story\n * Beyond Conflict Free Diamonds^TM Beyond Conflict Free Diamonds^TM\n * Recycled Gold Recycled Gold\n * Virtual Experience Virtual Experience\n * Brilliant Earth Reviews Brilliant Earth Reviews\n * Careers Careers\n * Accessibility Accessibility\n * Blog Blog\n\nCUSTOMER CARE\n\n * Free Shipping Both Ways Free Shipping Both Ways\n * Free 30 Day Returns Free 30 Day Returns\n * Free Lifetime Warranty Free Lifetime Warranty\n * Lifetime Diamond Upgrade Lifetime Diamond Upgrade\n * FAQs\n * Flexible Payment Options Flexible Payment Options\n * Refer a Friend Refer a Friend\n * FAQs\n * Track Your Order\n\nCONTACT US CONTACT\n\n * Book Virtual Appointment\n * 800.691.0952\n * Email Us\n * Live Chat\n * Track Your Order\n\nvisit our showrooms\n\n * Virtual Appointment\n * San Francisco\n * Los Angeles\n * San Diego\n * Denver\n * Chicago\n * Atlanta\n * Washington, DC\n * Philadelphia\n * Boston\n\nSign Up for Email\n\n * Send me Brilliant Earth news, updates and offers.\n\n * YouTube YouTube\n * Instagram Instagram\n * Facebook Facebook\n * Pinterest Pinterest\n * Twitter Twitter\n * Linkedin Linkedin\n\n * ©2021 Brilliant Earth, LLC\n * Terms & Conditions Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy Policy Privacy Policy\n * Interest-Based Ads Interest-Based Ads\n * CA Transparency Act CA Transparency Act\n * CCPA CCPA\n * Site Map Site Map\n * ©2021 Brilliant Earth, LLC\n\nNeed Assistance?\n\nREQUEST GUIDANCE\n\n * Virtual Appointment\n * Visit Our Showrooms\n * Live Chat\n * Call Us 800.691.0952\n\nCustomer Service Hours: Weekdays 6am – 9pm PT Weekends 7am – 7pm PT\n\nView FAQs View Customer Service\n\nYour privacy is important to us. View Privacy Policy.\n\n * 1\n\n * 2\n\n * 3\n\n * 4\n\nSchedule an Appointment\n\nSelect a Location\n\nSelect a Service\n\nSelected Location: Change\n\nEngagement Ring\n\n45 minute appointment\n\nWedding Ring\n\n45 minute appointment\n\nFine Jewelry & Gifts\n\n45 minute appointment\n\nDrop Off - Resize & Service\n\n15 min\n\nPick Up - Orders, Resize & Service\n\n15 min\n\nSelect a Date & Time\n\nFinal Details\n\nappointment\n\nShowroom\n\nSwitch to Virtual Appointment\n\nYou're Booked!\n\nThank you for booking a Brilliant Earth appointment! A jewelry specialist will\nreach out to you shortly to confirm your appointment.\n\nAppointment Booked!\n\nWe can’t wait to meet you. You will receive an email shortly with more details\non your virtual appointment.\n\nWe’d love to send you a complimentary ring sizer to measure your ring size at\nhome, we just need your mailing address.\n\nRequest Ring Sizer\n\nAppointment Requested!\n\nYou will receive an email confirmation of this request shortly with\nappointment details to follow.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.primestyle.com/news/Wedding-Rings/Wedding_Band_and_Engagement_Ring_Etiquette.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201026152236/https://www.primestyle.com/news/Wedding-Rings/Wedding_Band_and_Engagement_Ring_Etiquette.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Which Hand To Wear Engagement Ring And Wedding Band On?", "passages": [ "So which hand is the correct hand to wear your engagement ring or what hand does a wedding ring go on? It’s really your decision and your soul mate’s decision on which hand to place the rings on.", "A wedding ring has the same thickness all the way round. It is usually less fancy. It might have design or be plain depending on the giver. However, it can be tapered and designed according to the owner’s choice. It is usually given on the day of the wedding.", "Engagement rings on the other hand usually have Diamonds or precious stones are adorned on it. When a man proposes to a woman an engagement ring is involved.", "There is no clear cut answer to this question. What does matter is the reason for choosing on which hand to wear the ring.", "It is open to different interpretation and generally boils down to ones religion, location, cultural background and the hand being used most.", "This means that realistic purposes can also be a factor in choosing the hand to wear engagement ring or wedding band. A person, who is right-handed and has to carry out heavy duties, often chooses to wear their ring on the left hand to prevent damage and vice versa.", "The ancient Romans and Egyptians are believed to wear their rings on the ring finger of the left hand. They customarily believed that a vein from the left ring finger led straight to the heart – this is called the vena amoris. The heart, being the center of emotions fueled by love has a deep symbolic character.", "This does not reflect in some other countries. In a Jewish wedding they wear the wedding ring first on the right index finger. After the wedding the ring is moved to the ring finger on the same right hand. They believed the right hand is connected to the heart.", "In Europe and the majority of other continents, the engagement or wedding ring is customarily worn on the left hand. In Austria the right hand is kept specially for the wedding ring.", "South Africa, European countries, and in most of North America the ring are usually worn on the left hand. In many Western countries to wear a wedding ring on ones left hand is tradition. Also some lifestyle can be a factor and gives symbolic meaning which hand is more appropriate to wear the wedding ring.", "Despite the Romans being accredited with starting the trend of wearing the ring on the left finger some historians still believed it’s a fairly recent invention especially in English speaking countries. It was believed that the wearing of rings from the right hand to left hand; a less dominant hand world wide is a way to show difference to men back then.", "This may perhaps have been due to the belief that the left hand was ominous or deceitful. Today people place their left hand on the bible when taking an oath while raising the right hand. The emphasis on the right hand being raised even for left-handed individual shows the mistrust to the left hand.", "Most newlywed brides will change hands on wedding day for their engagement ring from their left hand to their right hand so that the wedding band will not be “outclassed” or “upstaged” by the e-ring.", "The wedding band is generally placed on the left hand during wedding day, since this hand is “closer to the heart”. During wedding day you can also stow your e-ring, this is especially a good idea if you are going to be wearing gloves for your wedding or don’t want the wedding band to be upstaged.", "In most traditions, after the marriage day the ring is worn on the fourth finger (ring finger) of the hand that it was placed on during the wedding ceremony so choose carefully. Make sure to put the e-ring in a safe spot and do not put it back on until the wedding ring is in place. Some brides like to move the e-ring back to their left hand after the marriage ceremony to have a “set” and even choose a solitaire of rings for this reason.", "If a woman does choose to wear both her wedding band and engagement ring in a set then the wedding ring is traditionally placed on the finger before the engagement ring.", "Women should note that many ring sets are considered incomplete if the e-ring and the wedding ring are worn separately. If you do wear these as a set, endeavor to take good care of them.", "If you’re about to wear gloves, do lots of work that involves or hands or you are gardening you will want to remove the rings from your fingers, especially if you have a set with your wedding band. A set can brace with each other and wear down more easily over time.", "Perhaps over time your wedding rings no longer fit, you can sometimes get away with moving the engagement ring to another finger. The wedding ring however, traditionally stays on the ring finger and may need other measures such as stringing it to a coordinated chain to wear as a pendent, an upgraded ring or a gemstone or diamond reset. In best case scenarios you can get the wedding ring resized.", "Wedding rings are a sign of commitment, style and dedication to all the years of your marriage. These years last all the way from the moment you say ‘I do’ during your wedding ceremony on to all the magical experiences that life will bring after your wedding.", "Ultimately if one is planning for a wedding ring or you are preparing to pop the question, it is a matter of personal choice of which ring to go for and on which hand it should adorn", "Anatomically the 1st digit or finger is the pinky, so the 2nd digit is the ring finger. The hand closest to the heart is the left. So, the 2nd finger on your left hand is where you place your wedding ring. Hope this will correctly enlighten a lot of people." ] }, "parsed_md": "Which Hand To Wear Engagement Ring And Wedding Band On?\n\n * Education\n\n * Contact Us\n\n * Live Chat\n\n * Track My Order\n\n * Sign In\n * My Wishlist\n * My Cart\n\nMenu\n\n# questions?\n\n## Call Now : 888-532-9440\n\n# Financing\n\n### Available\n\n# free\n\n### shipping\n\n# 100%\n\n### authentic\n\n# 30 days\n\n### returns\n\n# over 750k\n\n### coustomers since 1999\n\nMenu Search\n\n * Rings\n * Bridal Sets\n * Engagement Rings\n * Solitaire Rings\n * Wedding Bands\n * Halo Rings\n * Eternity Rings\n\n * Test category\n * Test category11111\n * Test category\n * Gemstone Rings\n * Three Stone Rings\n * Anniversary Rings\n * Mens Rings\n * Fashion Rings\n * Wedding Sets\n * Semi Mounts\n * Solitaire\n * Side Stones\n * Matching Set\n * Diamonds\n * Round Brilliant\n * Cushion Cut\n * Princess Cut\n * Emerald Cut\n * Marquise Cut\n * Heart Cut\n * Oval Cut\n * Pear Cut\n * Radiant Cut\n * Asscher Cut\n * Ear-Rings\n * Diamond Earrings\n * Three Stone Earrings\n * Stud Earrings\n * Pendants\n * Solitaire Pendants\n * Heart Pendants\n * Journey Pendants\n * Religious Pendants\n * Diamond Pendants\n * Bracelets\n * Tennis Bracelets\n * Diamond Bracelets\n * Color Stones Bracelets\n * Clearance\n * 3 Stone Rings\n * Engagement Ring\n * Solitaire Ring\n * One of A Kind\n * New Arrivals\n * Custom Ring\n * Faq\n * Most Popular\n * Engagement Rings\n * Bridal Sets\n * Clearance\n * Wedding Bands\n * Semi Mounts\n * Learning Center\n * Settings Styles\n * Determine Your Ring Size\n * Learn About Metals\n * Diamond Color Education\n * Diamond Shapes\n * Help Center\n * Life time Warranty!\n * Website Security\n * Get a Quote\n * Layway Program\n * About PrimeStyle.Com\n\nTel No: 888-532-9440\n\nOutside USA: +1-212-302-3377\n\nClick to Call Sign In Live Chat Contact Us\n\n18\n\nOct 16\n\n# Which Hand To Wear Engagement Ring And Wedding Band On?\n\nBy PrimeStyle.Com\n\n4 Comments\n\nSo which hand is the correct hand to wear your engagement ring or what hand\ndoes a wedding ring go on? It’s really your decision and your soul mate’s\ndecision on which hand to place the rings on.\n\n## Wearing Engagement Rings or Wedding Rings\n\nIt is important to note that there is a clear difference between an engagement\nring and a wedding ring.\n\nA wedding ring has the same thickness all the way round. It is usually less\nfancy. It might have design or be plain depending on the giver. However, it\ncan be tapered and designed according to the owner’s choice. It is usually\ngiven on the day of the wedding.\n\nEngagement rings on the other hand usually have Diamonds or precious stones\nare adorned on it. When a man proposes to a woman an engagement ring is\ninvolved.\n\nFurthermore, you should know that both rings can be worn on the woman’s hand\nas bridal sets\n\n## Do We Wear Our Wedding Ring on The Left Hand or Right Hand?\n\nThere is no clear cut answer to this question. What does matter is the reason\nfor choosing on which hand to wear the ring.\n\nIt is open to different interpretation and generally boils down to ones\nreligion, location, cultural background and the hand being used most.\n\nThis means that realistic purposes can also be a factor in choosing the hand\nto wear engagement ring or wedding band. A person, who is right-handed and has\nto carry out heavy duties, often chooses to wear their ring on the left hand\nto prevent damage and vice versa.\n\nThe ancient Romans and Egyptians are believed to wear their rings on the ring\nfinger of the left hand. They customarily believed that a vein from the left\nring finger led straight to the heart – this is called the vena amoris. The\nheart, being the center of emotions fueled by love has a deep symbolic\ncharacter.\n\nThis does not reflect in some other countries. In a Jewish wedding they wear\nthe wedding ring first on the right index finger. After the wedding the ring\nis moved to the ring finger on the same right hand. They believed the right\nhand is connected to the heart.\n\nIn Europe and the majority of other continents, the engagement or wedding ring\nis customarily worn on the left hand. In Austria the right hand is kept\nspecially for the wedding ring.\n\nSouth Africa, European countries, and in most of North America the ring are\nusually worn on the left hand. In many Western countries to wear a wedding\nring on ones left hand is tradition. Also some lifestyle can be a factor and\ngives symbolic meaning which hand is more appropriate to wear the wedding\nring.\n\nDespite the Romans being accredited with starting the trend of wearing the\nring on the left finger some historians still believed it’s a fairly recent\ninvention especially in English speaking countries. It was believed that the\nwearing of rings from the right hand to left hand; a less dominant hand world\nwide is a way to show difference to men back then.\n\nThis may perhaps have been due to the belief that the left hand was ominous or\ndeceitful. Today people place their left hand on the bible when taking an oath\nwhile raising the right hand. The emphasis on the right hand being raised even\nfor left-handed individual shows the mistrust to the left hand.\n\nMost newlywed brides will change hands on wedding day for their engagement\nring from their left hand to their right hand so that the wedding band will\nnot be “outclassed” or “upstaged” by the e-ring.\n\nThe wedding band is generally placed on the left hand during wedding day,\nsince this hand is “closer to the heart”. During wedding day you can also stow\nyour e-ring, this is especially a good idea if you are going to be wearing\ngloves for your wedding or don’t want the wedding band to be upstaged.\n\nIn most traditions, after the marriage day the ring is worn on the fourth\nfinger (ring finger) of the hand that it was placed on during the wedding\nceremony so choose carefully. Make sure to put the e-ring in a safe spot and\ndo not put it back on until the wedding ring is in place. Some brides like to\nmove the e-ring back to their left hand after the marriage ceremony to have a\n“set” and even choose a solitaire of rings for this reason.\n\nIf a woman does choose to wear both her wedding band and engagement ring in a\nset then the wedding ring is traditionally placed on the finger before the\nengagement ring.\n\nWomen should note that many ring sets are considered incomplete if the e-ring\nand the wedding ring are worn separately. If you do wear these as a set,\nendeavor to take good care of them.\n\nIf you’re about to wear gloves, do lots of work that involves or hands or you\nare gardening you will want to remove the rings from your fingers, especially\nif you have a set with your wedding band. A set can brace with each other and\nwear down more easily over time.\n\nPerhaps over time your wedding rings no longer fit, you can sometimes get away\nwith moving the engagement ring to another finger. The wedding ring however,\ntraditionally stays on the ring finger and may need other measures such as\nstringing it to a coordinated chain to wear as a pendent, an upgraded ring or\na gemstone or diamond reset. In best case scenarios you can get the wedding\nring resized.\n\nWedding rings are a sign of commitment, style and dedication to all the years\nof your marriage. These years last all the way from the moment you say ‘I do’\nduring your wedding ceremony on to all the magical experiences that life will\nbring after your wedding.\n\nUltimately if one is planning for a wedding ring or you are preparing to pop\nthe question, it is a matter of personal choice of which ring to go for and on\nwhich hand it should adorn\n\nVN:F [1.9.22_1171]\n\nplease wait...\n\nRating: 6.4/10 (26 votes cast)\n\nVN:F [1.9.22_1171]\n\nRating: +6 (from 10 votes)\n\nWhich Hand To Wear Engagement Ring And Wedding Band On?, 6.4 out of 10 based\non 26 ratings\n\n### More from our site\n\n * Princess Cut Engagement Rings with Side Stones\n * I Was Just Proposed To With The Perfect Engagement Ring, What Are The Best Tips To Find The Perfect Matching Wedding Band?\n * The History of the Engagement Ring – A Timeline\n * Making a Use of a Variety of Geometric Shapes to Increase a Diamond Ring’s Appeal\n * How to Buy Engagement Ring from an Online Store\n\nThis entry was posted in Engagement Rings and tagged engagement ring. Bookmark\nthe permalink.\n\n### 4 Responses to Which Hand To Wear Engagement Ring And Wedding Band On?\n\n 1. josh says:\n\nApril 11, 2013 at 10:35 pm\n\nA thumb is not a finger so is not on the forth so its the third\n\nReply\n\n * Casey says:\n\nOctober 31, 2016 at 9:40 am\n\nOr is it the second finger... :0\n\nReply\n\n * Ramon Capanzana says:\n\nAugust 11, 2017 at 9:34 pm\n\nAnatomically the 1st digit or finger is the pinky, so the 2nd digit is the\nring finger. The hand closest to the heart is the left. So, the 2nd finger on\nyour left hand is where you place your wedding ring. Hope this will correctly\nenlighten a lot of people.\n\nRamon Capanzana\n\nReply\n\n 2. Engagement rings says:\n\nFebruary 22, 2017 at 5:36 pm\n\nI just can’t remember the last time I saw such an interesting article about\nengagement rings! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n * ### Categories\n\n * Celebrity Engagement\n * Diamond Earrings\n * Diamond Jewelry\n * Diamond Pendants\n * Diamond Rings\n * Diamonds\n * Engagement Rings\n * Gem Stones\n * Gifts\n * News\n * Solitaire Rings\n * Uncategorized\n * Wedding\n * Wedding Rings\n * Why Primestyle.com\n * Sign up\n\nGET THE ULTIMATE JEWELRY GUIDE\n\nJoin over 8000 users today! download the ultimate guide to buying diamond\njewelry for free!\n\nYour email address is safe with us!\n\ndssd\n\n * ### Recent Posts\n\n * Cheat Sheet to Wedding Proposals\n * Cheap Wedding Rings Sets for Couple\n * Cheap Wedding Ring Sets for Him and Her\n * Diamond Journey Necklace: What Is A Journey Pendant\n * Affordable Anniversary Bands Guaranteed to Make Her Smile\n\n### Archives\n\n * May 2018\n * April 2017\n * November 2016\n * October 2016\n * December 2015\n * November 2015\n * October 2015\n * September 2015\n\n * May 2018\n * April 2017\n * November 2016\n * October 2016\n * December 2015\n * November 2015\n * October 2015\n * September 2015\n\n * Connect with Us\n\n###### © 1999-2016, PrimeStyle.com.\n\nMade In USA\n\nReceive News and Special Offers from PrimeStyle\n\n## Most Popular\n\n * Engagement Rings\n * Bridal Sets\n * Eternity Rings\n * Wedding Bands\n * Tennis Bracelets\n\n## Learning Center\n\n * Settings Styles\n * Determine Your Ring Size\n * Learn About Metals\n * Diamond Color Education\n * Diamond Shapes\n\n## Help Center\n\n * Life time Warranty!\n * Financing Available\n * Get a Quote\n * Layway Program\n * About PrimeStyle.Com\n\n## Quick Links\n\n * Order Tracking\n * Clearance Section\n * Stud Earrings\n * Cities\n * Insurance Education\n\nContact Us Return Policy Privacy Policy Terms & Conditions About us\nTestimonials Warranty Faq`s Sitemap\n\n© 1999-2017, PrimeStyle.com.\n\nOur address: 7000 Kennedy Boulevard East, Guttenberg, NJ, 07093\n\nClaim your discount by :\n\nCALL : 888.532.9440\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.theknot.com/content/ring-finger-what-hand-wedding-engagement-ring", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210917054406/https://www.theknot.com/content/ring-finger-what-hand-wedding-engagement-ring", "parsed_text": { "title": "What Is the Wedding Ring Finger & Hand? Behind the Meaning", "passages": [ "Elena creates content for a variety of print and digital publications, including The Knot, The Bump, Parents, Real Simple, and Good Housekeeping.", "Elena is a former weddings editor, having held positions at Modern Bride and Bridal Guide and contributed to The Knot Ultimate Wedding Lookbook.", "Elena is currently Senior Editor for Happify Health, an adjunct instructor for Pace University, a freelance writer, and content con...", "After your significant other pops that question, your first instinct might be to slide your engagement ring on the fourth finger of your left hand. It's often referred to as your \"ring finger,\" primarily because it's a common spot to stack an engagement ring and wedding ring. But if you've ever wondered which finger a wedding ring goes on, you're not alone. While wearing wedding jewelry on your left ring finger is a common practice, especially in the United States, it's not the only option. In fact, the wedding ring finger meaning and tradition is steeped in history, and it often changes among different cultures.", "So, what's the proper wedding ring finger and hand? Do you have to wear it on your left, or can you transfer your jewels to the right if you'd like? Here, we break down everything you need to know about how to wear your engagement, wedding or promise ring.", "If you're confused about what hand you should wear your wedding rings on, we have good news: As with most wedding traditions, the choice is up to you. You might be familiar with the \"vein of love\" tale that prompts most couples to wear their wedding jewelry on the fourth finger of the left hand. But if you like the look of your engagement ring alone on one finger, you can certainly separate both rings—you can even wear your stack on your right hand if you'd like. While there's no \"proper\" wedding ring finger, there are some meaningful reasons why couples often choose the left hand, which we explain below.", "The tradition of wearing an engagement and/or wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is a romantic one—but the meaning is totally untrue. Kristen Lawler-Trustey, a spokeswoman for jewelry brand Forevermark, explains that the ancient Romans believed this finger had a vein that ran directly to the heart—the Vena Amoris, or \"Vein of Love.\" So of course, couples in love should wear the symbol of their love and devotion on that lifeline.", "Today, we know there's no such vein (although we still love the story!), yet the tradition of wearing the engagement and wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand continues here in the US. But there are some countries, says Zaven Ghanimian, CEO of Simon G Jewelry, where the ring finger of the right hand is the more popular choice for brides and grooms to wear their rings, like in Russia, Greece and Colombia.", "Wedding rings are a sweet symbol of eternal love throughout history. \"The tradition of wedding rings came about in Egypt, about 4,800 years ago,\" Ghanimian says. \"The circle symbolizes eternity, with no beginning or end. What most people don't know is that the hole in the center of the ring also has significance—it's not just space, but rather a gateway or door. When you give someone a ring, it signifies immortal love.\"", "Couples typically exchange rings during their wedding ceremony, placing the ring on each other's wedding ring finger—the fourth finger of the left hand—after saying their vows. As for determining what hand does the wedding ring goes on, the choice is really up to you. Traditions are nice, but etiquette rules have softened through the years.", "There are no rules on which metal your wedding rings must be made of, or whether or not they should match. You can opt for simple bands or more elaborate ones with stones or designs. Some couples choose to have their wedding date or a romantic phrase inscribed in their bands.", "It wasn't until more recently that engagement rings appeared on the scene. \"The first recorded use of a diamond engagement ring occurred in 1477, when Archduke Maximilian of Austria presented Mary of Burgundy with a ring featuring hogback diamonds (modern-day baguette diamonds) arranged in the shape of the Gothic letter M,\" Lawler-Trustey says.", "His engagement ring choice then sparked a trend—for more than one reason. \"Diamonds have long been an unwavering symbol of a couple's eternal love and commitment to one another,\" Lawler-Trustey says. \"A diamond is the hardest and most durable naturally occurring substance found on Earth, making it the perfect choice to represent enduring, everlasting love and the promise of forever. Each diamond is also incredibly rare and unique. No two diamonds are alike, just as each couple's love has its own unique story.\"", "Still, diamonds aren't a requirement for an engagement ring. They can have other gemstones, or whatever else suits your sense of style. For example, Duchess of Cambridge Kate Middleton has a blue sapphire engagement ring, Carrie Underwood has a canary yellow diamond and Jessica Simpson has a red ruby engagement ring. Emerald engagement rings and black diamond engagement rings are other trendy alternatives to the classic bauble. Pearl engagement rings and moonstone engagement rings are other non-diamond engagement rings to consider.", "There's also been a rise in the popularity of engagement rings (or watches) for men too. \"Today, it is not uncommon to see men wearing an engagement ring,\" Lawler-Trustey says.", "Given this knowledge, most wearers dictate their fourth finger on their left hand as their engagement ring finger. Since it's become so mainstream over the years, the engagement ring finger is generally known to be on the left hand. However, there aren't any steadfast rules about ways you must wear your wedding jewelry. If the ring feels comfortable on another finger or your opposite hand, you can wear it wherever you please. (It is your bauble, after all!)", "If you're planning your wedding and looking down at that sparkler, you're probably wondering how you'll wear your engagement ring on your wedding day. The first thing to note is that married people typically wear their wedding bands closer to their hearts—in other words, below the engagement ring.", "Probably the most popular way to swing this is to move your engagement ring to your right hand for your walk down the aisle. That way, your fiance can slide your wedding band onto your left hand, and you can then later place your engagement ring on top of it.", "\"Usually people have slightly larger ring sizes on the right hand, but as long as it is within a quarter of the size, this should work,\" Ghanimian says. If the engagement ring is too big or too small to do this—or you just don't want to take the engagement ring off (and risk losing it!)—it's okay to put your band above your engagement ring. Some people even have their wedding band soldered to the engagement ring so that it becomes one piece of jewelry and represents the marital bond.", "After the wedding day, wear your engagement and wedding rings however you like them best. Again, the most popular way in the US is to have them both on the ring finger of the left hand with your wedding band first, but you can separate them and wear them on opposite hands, or you can wear your wedding band solo. While it's easy to obsess about which finger does a wedding ring go on, the choice is really yours to make.", "\"Many people are wearing their wedding bands solo as an excuse to start a collection of bands that they can stack on their right hand,\" Lawler-Trustey says. \"Some are even receiving more than one wedding band on the day of the wedding to surround their engagement ring. Another trend we've seen is forgoing the traditional engagement ring altogether and requesting a beautiful diamond eternity band.\"", "Ghanimian agrees that breaking engagement ring rules makes your choice even more unique. \"There may be traditions, but there are no rules!\" Ghanimian says. \"Everyone can express their personal preferences individually through wedding jewelry.\"", "Your wedding ring finger doesn't have to be on your left hand. While tradition singles out the left ring finger as the ideal option, modern trends allow us to pick and choose how to wear our rings. It's perfectly acceptable to wear your wedding ring or engagement ring on either hand and any finger. In fact, you don't have to wear a ring at all – the choice is up to you and your partner to decide what fits your lifestyle best.", "Different cultures have different meanings associated with each finger. While your wedding ring finger is traditionally on your right hand, some cultures wear wedding rings on their right index finger. Similarly, signet rings worn on the pinky finger are also associated with marital status. In general, though, there are no hard and fast rules to follow, so choose whichever finger works best for your ring.", "Unlike engagement and wedding rings, the promise ring is a tradition dating back to the 16th century that's commonly misunderstood, since the ring used to signify the promise that an engagement would ensue. Now, that's not always the case, since some couples might not be ready for impending marriage, but want to show their commitment somehow.", "So, what is a promise ring exactly? Today, a promise ring can have any number of personal meanings; typically it's a symbol of an exclusive relationship and/or of love. \"The gifting of promise rings has been an age-old tradition, for couples who are in a steady relationship, and symbolizing their newfound love and commitment to each other,\" Lawler-Trustey says.", "It can also mean the couple has promised to one day get married. Or in the case of purity rings, they may have promised to remain abstinent until their wedding day. Some believe promise rings are pre-engagement rings—and while it isn't always, it can be. \"Many times, engagement rings inspire responses of 'How did he propose, when's the date, what are your colors and where are you getting married?' If you don't want to jump into the wedding planning process, a couple may choose to go with a promise ring,\" Ghanimian says. \"It's a symbol that marriage is where the relationship is headed eventually, when you're both ready.\"", "So, on which finger does a promise ring go? There's no hard and fast rule here. Some couples use the same finger as the engagement and wedding rings—the fourth finger of the left hand—but since this isn't an official engagement, others opt for a different finger. If you wear your promise ring on your left hand, once you get married, the tradition is to move the promise ring to your right hand ring finger, Lawler-Trustey says.", "From the pages of history books, scripts, celebrity gossip columns and more, we've rounded up the memorable matchups whose love makes us swoon." ] }, "parsed_md": "What Is the Wedding Ring Finger & Hand? Behind the Meaning\n\nIdeas & Advice/Fashion/Rings & Accessories\n\n# Everything to Know About the Tradition of the Wedding Ring Finger\n\nDo you have to wear it on your left hand?\n\nRosetta Li Photography\n\nby Elena Donovan Mauer\n\nElena Donovan Mauer\n\nWedding Planning Expert\n\n * Elena creates content for a variety of print and digital publications, including The Knot, The Bump, Parents, Real Simple, and Good Housekeeping.\n * Elena is a former weddings editor, having held positions at Modern Bride and Bridal Guide and contributed to The Knot Ultimate Wedding Lookbook.\n * Elena is currently Senior Editor for Happify Health, an adjunct instructor for Pace University, a freelance writer, and content con...\n\nUpdated Sep 15, 2021\n\nAfter your significant other pops that question, your first instinct might be\nto slide your engagement ring on the fourth finger of your left hand. It's\noften referred to as your \"ring finger,\" primarily because it's a common spot\nto stack an engagement ring and wedding ring. But if you've ever wondered\nwhich finger a wedding ring goes on, you're not alone. While wearing wedding\njewelry on your left ring finger is a common practice, especially in the\nUnited States, it's not the only option. In fact, the wedding ring finger\nmeaning and tradition is steeped in history, and it often changes among\ndifferent cultures.\n\nREAD MORE\n\nHow to Stack Your Wedding and Engagement Rings\n\nSo, what's the proper wedding ring finger and hand? Do you have to wear it on\nyour left, or can you transfer your jewels to the right if you'd like? Here,\nwe break down everything you need to know about how to wear your engagement,\nwedding or promise ring.\n\nREAD MORE\n\nHow to Stack Your Wedding and Engagement Rings\n\nIn this article:\n\n * What's the Proper Wedding Ring Finger?\n * The Traditional Ring Finger Meaning\n * The Wedding Ring Finger Meaning\n * The Engagement Ring Finger Meaning\n * Which Finger Do You Wear Your Engagement Ring On?\n * Which Finger Do You Wear Your Wedding Ring On?\n * Can You Wear Your Wedding Ring on Your Right Hand?\n * What Does Wearing Rings on Different Fingers Mean?\n * What Finger Does a Promise Ring Go On?\n\n## What's the Proper Wedding Ring Finger?\n\nIf you're confused about what hand you should wear your wedding rings on, we\nhave good news: As with most wedding traditions, the choice is up to you. You\nmight be familiar with the \"vein of love\" tale that prompts most couples to\nwear their wedding jewelry on the fourth finger of the left hand. But if you\nlike the look of your engagement ring alone on one finger, you can certainly\nseparate both rings—you can even wear your stack on your right hand if you'd\nlike. While there's no \"proper\" wedding ring finger, there are some meaningful\nreasons why couples often choose the left hand, which we explain below.\n\n## The Traditional Ring Finger Meaning\n\nThe tradition of wearing an engagement and/or wedding ring on the fourth\nfinger of the left hand is a romantic one—but the meaning is totally untrue.\nKristen Lawler-Trustey, a spokeswoman for jewelry brand Forevermark, explains\nthat the ancient Romans believed this finger had a vein that ran directly to\nthe heart—the Vena Amoris, or \"Vein of Love.\" So of course, couples in love\nshould wear the symbol of their love and devotion on that lifeline.\n\nToday, we know there's no such vein (although we still love the story!), yet\nthe tradition of wearing the engagement and wedding ring on the fourth finger\nof the left hand continues here in the US. But there are some countries, says\nZaven Ghanimian, CEO of Simon G Jewelry, where the ring finger of the right\nhand is the more popular choice for brides and grooms to wear their rings,\nlike in Russia, Greece and Colombia.\n\nWant to know more about which finger and hand to wear your wedding, engagement\nor promise ring? Read on.\n\n## The Wedding Ring Finger Meaning\n\nJoseph Esser Photo and Video\n\nWedding rings are a sweet symbol of eternal love throughout history. \"The\ntradition of wedding rings came about in Egypt, about 4,800 years ago,\"\nGhanimian says. \"The circle symbolizes eternity, with no beginning or end.\nWhat most people don't know is that the hole in the center of the ring also\nhas significance—it's not just space, but rather a gateway or door. When you\ngive someone a ring, it signifies immortal love.\"\n\nCouples typically exchange rings during their wedding ceremony, placing the\nring on each other's wedding ring finger—the fourth finger of the left\nhand—after saying their vows. As for determining what hand does the wedding\nring goes on, the choice is really up to you. Traditions are nice, but\netiquette rules have softened through the years.\n\nThere are no rules on which metal your wedding rings must be made of, or\nwhether or not they should match. You can opt for simple bands or more\nelaborate ones with stones or designs. Some couples choose to have their\nwedding date or a romantic phrase inscribed in their bands.\n\nWATCH RELATED VIDEO\n\n## The Engagement Ring Finger Meaning\n\nIt wasn't until more recently that engagement rings appeared on the scene.\n\"The first recorded use of a diamond engagement ring occurred in 1477, when\nArchduke Maximilian of Austria presented Mary of Burgundy with a ring\nfeaturing hogback diamonds (modern-day baguette diamonds) arranged in the\nshape of the Gothic letter M,\" Lawler-Trustey says.\n\nHis engagement ring choice then sparked a trend—for more than one reason.\n\"Diamonds have long been an unwavering symbol of a couple's eternal love and\ncommitment to one another,\" Lawler-Trustey says. \"A diamond is the hardest and\nmost durable naturally occurring substance found on Earth, making it the\nperfect choice to represent enduring, everlasting love and the promise of\nforever. Each diamond is also incredibly rare and unique. No two diamonds are\nalike, just as each couple's love has its own unique story.\"\n\nStill, diamonds aren't a requirement for an engagement ring. They can have\nother gemstones, or whatever else suits your sense of style. For example,\nDuchess of Cambridge Kate Middleton has a blue sapphire engagement ring,\nCarrie Underwood has a canary yellow diamond and Jessica Simpson has a red\nruby engagement ring. Emerald engagement rings and black diamond engagement\nrings are other trendy alternatives to the classic bauble. Pearl engagement\nrings and moonstone engagement rings are other non-diamond engagement rings to\nconsider.\n\nThere's also been a rise in the popularity of engagement rings (or watches)\nfor men too. \"Today, it is not uncommon to see men wearing an engagement\nring,\" Lawler-Trustey says.\n\n## Which Finger Do You Wear Your Engagement Ring On?\n\nGiven this knowledge, most wearers dictate their fourth finger on their left\nhand as their engagement ring finger. Since it's become so mainstream over the\nyears, the engagement ring finger is generally known to be on the left hand.\nHowever, there aren't any steadfast rules about ways you must wear your\nwedding jewelry. If the ring feels comfortable on another finger or your\nopposite hand, you can wear it wherever you please. (It is your bauble, after\nall!)\n\n## Which Finger Do You Wear Your Wedding Ring On?\n\nBonphotage Fine Art Photography\n\nIf you're planning your wedding and looking down at that sparkler, you're\nprobably wondering how you'll wear your engagement ring on your wedding day.\nThe first thing to note is that married people typically wear their wedding\nbands closer to their hearts—in other words, below the engagement ring.\n\nProbably the most popular way to swing this is to move your engagement ring to\nyour right hand for your walk down the aisle. That way, your fiance can slide\nyour wedding band onto your left hand, and you can then later place your\nengagement ring on top of it.\n\n\"Usually people have slightly larger ring sizes on the right hand, but as long\nas it is within a quarter of the size, this should work,\" Ghanimian says. If\nthe engagement ring is too big or too small to do this—or you just don't want\nto take the engagement ring off (and risk losing it!)—it's okay to put your\nband above your engagement ring. Some people even have their wedding band\nsoldered to the engagement ring so that it becomes one piece of jewelry and\nrepresents the marital bond.\n\nAfter the wedding day, wear your engagement and wedding rings however you like\nthem best. Again, the most popular way in the US is to have them both on the\nring finger of the left hand with your wedding band first, but you can\nseparate them and wear them on opposite hands, or you can wear your wedding\nband solo. While it's easy to obsess about which finger does a wedding ring go\non, the choice is really yours to make.\n\n\"Many people are wearing their wedding bands solo as an excuse to start a\ncollection of bands that they can stack on their right hand,\" Lawler-Trustey\nsays. \"Some are even receiving more than one wedding band on the day of the\nwedding to surround their engagement ring. Another trend we've seen is\nforgoing the traditional engagement ring altogether and requesting a beautiful\ndiamond eternity band.\"\n\nGhanimian agrees that breaking engagement ring rules makes your choice even\nmore unique. \"There may be traditions, but there are no rules!\" Ghanimian\nsays. \"Everyone can express their personal preferences individually through\nwedding jewelry.\"\n\n## Can You Wear Your Wedding Ring on Your Right Hand?\n\nRawpixel/Shutterstock.com\n\nYour wedding ring finger doesn't have to be on your left hand. While tradition\nsingles out the left ring finger as the ideal option, modern trends allow us\nto pick and choose how to wear our rings. It's perfectly acceptable to wear\nyour wedding ring or engagement ring on either hand and any finger. In fact,\nyou don't have to wear a ring at all – the choice is up to you and your\npartner to decide what fits your lifestyle best.\n\n## What Does Wearing Rings on Different Fingers Mean?\n\nDifferent cultures have different meanings associated with each finger. While\nyour wedding ring finger is traditionally on your right hand, some cultures\nwear wedding rings on their right index finger. Similarly, signet rings worn\non the pinky finger are also associated with marital status. In general,\nthough, there are no hard and fast rules to follow, so choose whichever finger\nworks best for your ring.\n\n## What Finger Does a Promise Ring Go On?\n\nUnlike engagement and wedding rings, the promise ring is a tradition dating\nback to the 16th century that's commonly misunderstood, since the ring used to\nsignify the promise that an engagement would ensue. Now, that's not always the\ncase, since some couples might not be ready for impending marriage, but want\nto show their commitment somehow.\n\nSo, what is a promise ring exactly? Today, a promise ring can have any number\nof personal meanings; typically it's a symbol of an exclusive relationship\nand/or of love. \"The gifting of promise rings has been an age-old tradition,\nfor couples who are in a steady relationship, and symbolizing their newfound\nlove and commitment to each other,\" Lawler-Trustey says.\n\nIt can also mean the couple has promised to one day get married. Or in the\ncase of purity rings, they may have promised to remain abstinent until their\nwedding day. Some believe promise rings are pre-engagement rings—and while it\nisn't always, it can be. \"Many times, engagement rings inspire responses of\n'How did he propose, when's the date, what are your colors and where are you\ngetting married?' If you don't want to jump into the wedding planning process,\na couple may choose to go with a promise ring,\" Ghanimian says. \"It's a symbol\nthat marriage is where the relationship is headed eventually, when you're both\nready.\"\n\nSo, on which finger does a promise ring go? There's no hard and fast rule\nhere. Some couples use the same finger as the engagement and wedding rings—the\nfourth finger of the left hand—but since this isn't an official engagement,\nothers opt for a different finger. If you wear your promise ring on your left\nhand, once you get married, the tradition is to move the promise ring to your\nright hand ring finger, Lawler-Trustey says.\n\nMOST POPULAR ON THE KNOT\n\nYour Guide to the Different Types of Lingerie\n\n10 Wedding Veil Tips You Didn't Know You Needed\n\n25 Flats You Can Wear on Your Wedding Day\n\nMOST POPULAR ON THE KNOT\n\n39 Bridesmaid Shoes They Can Wear Again (Seriously)\n\nSerious Question: Who Buys the Wedding Bands?\n\n33 Sparkly Wedding Shoes to Glitter Down the Aisle In\n\n## Watch Now\n\nUp Next\n\nShowing slide number 1 out of 10\n\n * What Is a Promise Ring? The Real Meaning and Purpose\n\n * 24 Promise Rings for Men, Women and Couples\n\n * 10 Steps to a Better Ring Selfie\n\n * Fun Pairs of Bride Sunglasses\n\n * Nude Wedding Shoes at Every Price Point\n\n * Best Bachelorette Party Sunglasses\n\n * 12 Wedding Rings Your Future Husband Will Actually Wear\n\n * 40 Unique Mens Wedding Bands & Cool Mens Wedding Bands\n\n * Get Meghan Markle's Timeless White Wedding Shoe Look\n\n * Hot Velvet Accessories You Need ASAP\n\n## Trending\n\nInside Aaron Rodgers and Shailene Woodley's Engagement\n\n\"I feel we were meant to be together.\"\n\nUpdated Jun 07, 2021\n\nFamous Couples We Love to Love\n\nFrom the pages of history books, scripts, celebrity gossip columns and more,\nwe've rounded up the memorable matchups whose love makes us swoon.\n\nUpdated May 20, 2020\n\nWhat to Know About Bruno Mars's Longtime Girlfriend\n\nThe couple has been together for nearly a decade.\n\nUpdated Aug 04, 2020\n\nBritney Spears & Boyfriend Sam Asghari Are Engaged\n\nSee her dazzling new ring.\n\nUpdated Sep 12, 2021\n\nInside Ben Affleck and Jennifer Lopez's Relationship and Former Engagement\n\nBennifer is, indeed, back together.\n\nUpdated Sep 10, 2021\n\nYour Guests Refuse to Get Vaccinated. Now What?\n\nHere are basic tips for how to respond, according to experts.\n\nUpdated Jun 24, 2021\n\nTennis Player Maria Sharapova Is Engaged to Alexander Gilkes\n\nPlus, there's a royal connection.\n\nUpdated Jan 15, 2021\n\nExclusive: Peloton's Ally Love Debuts Her Wedding Album\n\nThe wellness guru and husband Andrew Haynes were selective about their\nvendors. See why.\n\nUpdated Aug 12, 2021\n\nInside Patrick Mahomes and Fiancée Brittany Matthews' Relationship\n\nThe athletic power couple, who recently welcomed their first child together,\nplan to wed in 2022.\n\nUpdated Apr 23, 2021\n\nInside Model Jasmine Tookes and Juan David Borrero's Wedding\n\nThe groom is a member of the second family of Ecuador.\n\nUpdated Sep 08, 2021\n\nView All\n\nmade with\n\nPlanning & Inspiration\n\nThe Company\n\nSister Sites\n\nGet Our Wedding Planner App On Your Mobile Device\n\nAre you a vendor?\n\nSign up on The Knot to reach more couples and book more weddings!\n\nStart Here\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mervisdiamond.com/blog/2012/12/how-to-wear-your-engagement-wedding-rings/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200928182817/https://www.mervisdiamond.com/blog/2012/12/how-to-wear-your-engagement-wedding-rings/", "parsed_text": { "title": "In What Order Should You Wear Your Engagement and Wedding Rings?", "passages": [ "Engagements and weddings are important life milestones steeped in tradition and etiquette. One such tradition relates to the placement of wedding and engagement rings on the bride’s ring finger. It’s customary for brides to receive two rings. An engagement band before the wedding, and a wedding ring during the ceremony. Your first ring is a promise of marriage. The second solidifies the promise. Sometimes knowing which one goes where can be a bit confusing.", "On your wedding day, you should switch your engagement ring to the third finger on your right hand. During the ceremony, your future spouse places the wedding ring on your ring finger. The custom of the third finger on your left hand being your ring finger originated in Egypt, where people believed the vein in that finger led directly to your heart. By placing the wedding ring on that finger, the groom ensures that it is in the position closest to your heart. Yes, definitely romantic!", "Once you’re married, tradition dictates that your engagement band be moved back to the third finger on your left hand. When you do so, your wedding ring should remain closest to your heart (where your spouse placed it on your wedding day) and your engagement ring is placed next to the wedding ring.", "Some women choose to ignore ring etiquette, and instead infuse their own style on the custom. Some variations on the traditional ring placement include:", "Regardless of how you choose to wear your ring, the most important thing is that it be comfortable for you and sized properly.", "Come in and experience the Mervis Difference. Sit down with a delicious cup of coffee and a personal jeweler that will curate a hand-picked selection, offer expert advice, and find the perfect set for you and your significant other. Book An Appointment Today!", "Years ago, it was tradition for a man to purchase an engagement ring with a diamond setting. However, times have changed. Other precious stones are also acceptable on an engagement ring.", "Another tradition is for you and your spouse to have matching wedding bands. For instance, if you have a gold wedding band, then his would be gold as well.", "Many couples are choosing to incorporate their unique style with traditional ring etiquette. There are no rules for most faiths on how to wear wedding rings. Whether you want to become an engagement band trailblazer or stick with tradition is up to you.", "Engagement and wedding rings are more than beautiful, sparkling pieces of jewelry. They are symbols of your love and future and should be treated with care and respect.", "It’s #SpringRefresh season, and we’re celebrating by helping you revamp and update your fine jewelry at #Mervis! Click the link in our bio to RSVP for our event next weekend, and receive an @amazon #EchoDot with your purchase!" ] }, "parsed_md": "In What Order Should You Wear Your Engagement and Wedding Rings? | Mervis\nDiamond Importers\n\n#### Unbounce\n\nCALL\n\nVISIT OUR SHOWROOM OUR SHOWROOM\n\nAPPOINTMENT\n\n * 1(800) 437-5683\n * Store & Hours\n * Make an Appointment\n\n0 Items\n\n * My account\n * Wishlist\n * Shopping Cart\n\n0\n\nSelect Page\n\n * My account\n * Wishlist\n * Shopping Cart\n\n0\n\n# In What Order Should You Wear Your Engagement and Wedding Rings?\n\nby admin | Dec 3, 2012 | Diamonds, Engagement Rings, Engagement Rings DC,\nProposing, Wedding Bands, Wedding Rings, Weddings\n\nEngagements and weddings are important life milestones steeped in tradition\nand etiquette. One such tradition relates to the placement of wedding and\nengagement rings on the bride’s ring finger. It’s customary for brides to\nreceive two rings. An engagement band before the wedding, and a wedding ring\nduring the ceremony. Your first ring is a promise of marriage. The second\nsolidifies the promise. Sometimes knowing which one goes where can be a bit\nconfusing.\n\n## Day of the Wedding\n\nOn your wedding day, you should switch your engagement ring to the third\nfinger on your right hand. During the ceremony, your future spouse places the\nwedding ring on your ring finger. The custom of the third finger on your left\nhand being your ring finger originated in Egypt, where people believed the\nvein in that finger led directly to your heart. By placing the wedding ring on\nthat finger, the groom ensures that it is in the position closest to your\nheart. Yes, definitely romantic!\n\n## Engagement Ring Etiquette\n\nOnce you’re married, tradition dictates that your engagement band be moved\nback to the third finger on your left hand. When you do so, your wedding ring\nshould remain closest to your heart (where your spouse placed it on your\nwedding day) and your engagement ring is placed next to the wedding ring.\n\nSome women choose to ignore ring etiquette, and instead infuse their own style\non the custom. Some variations on the traditional ring placement include:\n\n * Continue to wear the engagement band on the right hand\n * Forego wearing the engagement band\n * Weld the rings together for a beautiful custom piece\n\nRegardless of how you choose to wear your ring, the most important thing is\nthat it be comfortable for you and sized properly.\n\n## Get Help Choosing Your Wedding Band\n\nCome in and experience the Mervis Difference. Sit down with a delicious cup of\ncoffee and a personal jeweler that will curate a hand-picked selection, offer\nexpert advice, and find the perfect set for you and your significant other.\nBook An Appointment Today!\n\n## Follow Tradition or Become a Trailblazer\n\nYears ago, it was tradition for a man to purchase an engagement ring with a\ndiamond setting. However, times have changed. Other precious stones are also\nacceptable on an engagement ring.\n\nAnother tradition is for you and your spouse to have matching wedding bands.\nFor instance, if you have a gold wedding band, then his would be gold as well.\n\nMany couples are choosing to incorporate their unique style with traditional\nring etiquette. There are no rules for most faiths on how to wear wedding\nrings. Whether you want to become an engagement band trailblazer or stick with\ntradition is up to you.\n\nEngagement and wedding rings are more than beautiful, sparkling pieces of\njewelry. They are symbols of your love and future and should be treated with\ncare and respect.\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * May your #AprilFoolsDay pranks and jokes be as giggle-filled as this sweet #MervisMoment! ??✨\n * Closing out March with this beautiful #diamondpendant necklace.? Shop it today at Mervis #TysonsCorner! ?✨\n * It’s #SpringRefresh season, and we’re celebrating by helping you revamp and update your fine jewelry at #Mervis! Click the link in our bio to RSVP for our event next weekend, and receive an @amazon #EchoDot with your purchase!\n * Master the Art of Layering Necklaces\n * THE ULTIMATE STACKING GUIDE\n\n#### Archives\n\n#### Plan My Visit\n\n * What to Expect\n * Make an Appointment\n * Stores and Hours\n * Special Events\n * Contact\n * 1 (800) 437-5683\n\n#### Why Mervis\n\n * About Mervis\n * GIA- Trained Professionals\n * Conflict-Free\n * Ethical Sourcing\n * In Private\n * Hand-Selected Diamonds\n * 80+ Years Of Trust\n * Read Reviews On\n\n#### Education\n\n * 4 C’S\n * Video Tutorials by Ronnie Mervis\n * About Lab Grown Diamonds\n * Wedding Ring Guide\n * Lab Reports\n * Why Platinum\n * Blog\n\n#### Customer service\n\n * Financing\n * Repairs\n * Appraisals\n * Jewelry Cleaning\n * Trade-Up\n * Sell Your Gold\n * Sell Your Diamond\n * FAQ\n * Privacy Policy Terms\n\n#### Newsletter Sign up\n\nSign up to receive emails with exclusive offers and invitations to special\nevents.\n\n© 2020 Mervis Diamond Importers. All rights reserved. Powered by GemFind\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.genesisdiamonds.net/blog/education/how-to-wear-wedding-ring", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210828080400/https://www.genesisdiamonds.net/blog/education/how-to-wear-wedding-ring", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Wear a Wedding Ring Set the 'Right' Way Blog", "passages": [ "If you’re not completely satisfied with your purchase return it for a full refund. No restocking fee, no questions asked.", "For nearly two decades Genesis Diamonds' owner, Boaz Ramon, was the supplier, advisor and authority to more than 700 jewelry stores in the United States.", "Now that you are married and have both your engagement ring and your wedding band, the real question is, how do you wear them? Should you wear them both on your ring finger on your left hand? Should you wear the engagement ring on top or on bottom? Or maybe you should wear them on two different fingers altogether? Here is a rundown on how to wear wedding rings.", "The first option is to wear them on the traditional ring finger, on your left hand, in the order your received them in. This means the diamond ring goes on bottom, and the wedding band on top. This is a traditional way of wearing the rings, but may not work with all ring styles or finger types.", "Keeping with tradition, you can wear both rings on the left hand on the ring finger, but with the engagement ring on top. This could be because you like it better, or because it simply looks better this way. There are those who do it for sentimental reasons as well. They feel that wearing the wedding band on the bottom keeps it closer to the heart.", "Another option, though less traditional, is to wear the engagement ring on one ring finger on the left hand and the wedding band on the right hand’s ring finger. This way is good for those with short fingers, who don’t like having so many rings on one finger. Also, some women do not have a wedding ring set that matches (most likely because their husband wasn't thinking about that), and so, the wedding band may not look good with the engagement ring. Similarly, the ring may be so stunning that it is needed to be displayed on its own without distraction.", "Though both rings are intended to be worn, and most women do, some choose not to wear both of them at the same time. This could be because one ring is very expensive and is only worn on special occasions. Another reason could be because two rings are too much for some women and wearing one at a time is simpler.", "Engagement rings are mostly worn on the ring finger of the left hand. Most people who wear their engagement rings stick to tradition. Promise rings are often worn on the ring finger of the right hand. Wedding bands though, can be worn on any finger the wearer sees fit. It may not be the norm, but each individual must decide for themselves.", "Though there may be an “official” way of wearing your rings, this is the 21st Century and there should be no “right” way. Every person must do what they feel is best for them. After all, beautiful rings such as Kirk Kara or Michael B rings would look good on anyone, regardless of which finger they are on!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Wear a Wedding Ring Set the 'Right' Way Blog\n\n * Risk Free Shopping\n\n * Engagement ring shopping has never been so simple\n\nRead More »\n\n * 30-Day return policy\n\n * Unbeatable 30-day return policy: no restocking fee, no hassle, no questions asked.\n\nRead More »\n\n * 100% Full refund\n\n * If you’re not completely satisfied with your purchase return it for a full refund. No restocking fee, no questions asked.\n\nRead More »\n\n * 110% Lifetime upgrade\n\n * Genesis Diamonds has the best diamond upgrade policy in the industry! Your diamond actually increases in value over time.\n\nRead More »\n\n * Lifetime warranty\n\n * We will repair and maintain your jewelry for a lifetime.\n\nRead More »\n\n * Direct Diamond Import Prices\n\n * For nearly two decades Genesis Diamonds' owner, Boaz Ramon, was the supplier, advisor and authority to more than 700 jewelry stores in the United States.\n\nRead More »\n\n * Locations\n\n * * Tennessee\n\n * Nashville\n * Brentwood\n * Kentucky\n\n * Louisville\n * Ohio\n\n * Cincinnati\n\n * Sign Up\n * Sign In\n * My Cart\n\nGenesis Diamonds\n\nCALL NOW\n\n855-OMG-RING\n\nVisit Us Online\n\nEngagement Rings\n\n * Engagement Rings\n * Engagement Rings\n * Engagement Rings\n * Engagement Rings\n * Engagement Rings\n\n * A.JAFFE Engagement Rings\n * Bez Ambar Engagement Rings\n * Christopher Designs Engagement Rings\n * Genesis Designs Engagement Rings\n\n * Henri Daussi Engagement Rings\n * Jack Kelege Engagement Rings\n * Jeff Cooper Engagement Rings\n * Red Carpet Engagement Rings\n * Uneek Jewelry\n * Classic Solitaire Engagement Rings\n\nWedding Rings\n\nHers\n\n * Red Carpet Rings\n * Eternity Rings\n * Anniversary Rings\n * Wedding & Channel Set Rings\n * 5 Stone Rings\n\n * A.JAFFE Wedding Rings\n * Bez Ambar Wedding Rings\n * Genesis Designs Wedding Rings\n * Henri Daussi Wedding Rings\n * Jack Kelege Wedding Rings\n * Jeff Cooper Wedding Rings\n * Kirk Kara Wedding Rings\n * Simon G Wedding Rings\n * Simon G Fashion Rings\n * Tacori Wedding Rings\n * Verragio Wedding Rings\n * Uneek Wedding Rings\n\nHis\n\n * Simon G Wedding Bands\n * Tacori Wedding Bands\n * Verragio Wedding Bands\n * Designer Wedding Bands\n * Diamond Wedding Bands\n * Classic Wedding Bands\n * Henri Daussi Wedding Bands\n\nDesigners\n\n * Tacori\n * Verragio\n * Simon G\n * Kirk Kara\n * Jeff Cooper\n * Christopher Designs\n * Henri Daussi\n * A.JAFFE\n\n * Jack Kelege\n * Bez Ambar\n * Genesis Designs\n\nJewelry\n\n * Necklaces / Pendants\n * Earrings\n * Bracelets\n * Fashion Rings\n\nWatches\n\nFinancing\n\nEducation\n\n * Color Education\n * Clarity Education\n * Cut Education\n * Carat(Weight) Education\n * Diamond Certification Education\n * Diamond Shape Education\n * Conflict Free Diamonds Education\n\n * Genesis Diamonds ›\n * Blog ›\n * How to Wear Wedding & Engagement Ring Set\n\n# How to Wear Wedding & Engagement Ring Set\n\nWritten by: Gideon Raz\n\nin Education, The Wedding Market, Trending\n\nPosted on March 16, 2015\n\nNow that you are married and have both your engagement ring and your wedding\nband, the real question is, how do you wear them? Should you wear them both on\nyour ring finger on your left hand? Should you wear the engagement ring on top\nor on bottom? Or maybe you should wear them on two different fingers\naltogether? Here is a rundown on how to wear wedding rings.\n\n## Wear Them On Ring Finger – Wedding Band On Top\n\nThe first option is to wear them on the traditional ring finger, on your left\nhand, in the order your received them in. This means the diamond ring goes on\nbottom, and the wedding band on top. This is a traditional way of wearing the\nrings, but may not work with all ring styles or finger types.\n\n## Wear Them On Ring Finger – Engagement Ring On Top\n\nKeeping with tradition, you can wear both rings on the left hand on the ring\nfinger, but with the engagement ring on top. This could be because you like it\nbetter, or because it simply looks better this way. There are those who do it\nfor sentimental reasons as well. They feel that wearing the wedding band on\nthe bottom keeps it closer to the heart.\n\n## Wear Engagement Ring On One Ring Finger and Wedding Band On The Other\n\nAnother option, though less traditional, is to wear the engagement ring on one\nring finger on the left hand and the wedding band on the right hand’s ring\nfinger. This way is good for those with short fingers, who don’t like having\nso many rings on one finger. Also, some women do not have a wedding ring set\nthat matches (most likely because their husband wasn't thinking about that),\nand so, the wedding band may not look good with the engagement ring.\nSimilarly, the ring may be so stunning that it is needed to be displayed on\nits own without distraction.\n\n## Alternate Between Rings\n\nThough both rings are intended to be worn, and most women do, some choose not\nto wear both of them at the same time. This could be because one ring is very\nexpensive and is only worn on special occasions. Another reason could be\nbecause two rings are too much for some women and wearing one at a time is\nsimpler.\n\n## Engagement Ring on Left Hand’s Ring Finger, Wedding Band On Whichever\nFinger\n\nEngagement rings are mostly worn on the ring finger of the left hand. Most\npeople who wear their engagement rings stick to tradition. Promise rings are\noften worn on the ring finger of the right hand. Wedding bands though, can be\nworn on any finger the wearer sees fit. It may not be the norm, but each\nindividual must decide for themselves.\n\nThough there may be an “official” way of wearing your rings, this is the 21st\nCentury and there should be no “right” way. Every person must do what they\nfeel is best for them. After all, beautiful rings such as Kirk Kara or Michael\nB rings would look good on anyone, regardless of which finger they are on!\n\n« Back to Blog\n\n## More in Education, The Wedding Market, Trending\n\n * Why are Engagement Rings Worn on the Fourth Finger of the Left Hand?\n\n * The Story Behind the Left Hand Ring Finger\n\nTweets by @DiamondsGenesis\n\nShop With Confidence\n\nWe support our community\n\nProud to support St. Jude Hospital The official jeweler of Tennessee Titans\nThe official jeweler of Kentucky\n\nVisit Us Online\n\nVisit Our Store\n\n * GIA\n * TheFind Upfront\n\n * About Us|\n * Shop with Confidence|\n * Policies|\n * Sell Your Diamonds|\n * FAQ|\n * Our Blog|\n * Career Opportunities|\n * Locations & Hours|\n * Cities & Designers|\n * Terms & Conditions|\n * Sitemap|\n * Contact Us\n\nGenesis Diamonds Jewelry Stores\n\nCincinnati (Kenwood) 8060 Montgomery Road, Suite 500\n\nCincinnati, OH 45236\n\nPhone: (513) 657-3000\n\nNashville (Green Hills) 3742 Hillsboro Pike\n\nNashville, TN 37215\n\nPhone: (615) 269-6996\n\nLouisville (St. Matthews) 4600 Shelbyville Road, Suite 106\n\nLouisville, KY 40207\n\nPhone: (502) 891-0424\n\nBrentwood (Cool Springs ) 1731 Mallory Lane, Suite 114\n\nBrentwood, TN 37027\n\nPhone: (615) 371-6765\n\nSign up for genesisdiamonds.net email and\n\nENJOY $100 OFF*\n\nYOUR NEXT ENGAGEMENT RING PURCHASE\n\nYou'll be the first to know\n\nabout the newest trends, collections, sales, exclusive member discounts,\nspecial offers & more.\n\n*$100 off your next purchase for new online customers.\n\n(Promo code will arrive via email within a few minutes)\n\nOffer details included on the next email communication. Offer can only be used\nat genesisdiamonds.net\n\nIn observance of Yom Kippur we will be closing at 5 p.m. (Nashville &\n\nBrentwood, TN) and 6 p.m. (Cincinnati OH & Louisville, KY) on Friday,\n\nSeptember 29th, and will reopen at 10 a.m. on Monday, October 2nd\n\nSign up for exclusive offers from Genesis Diamonds\n\nYou'll be the first to know\n\nAbout the newest trends, collections, sales, exclusive member discounts,\nspecial offers & more\n\nNo thanks, I don't like saving money\n\nCopyright © 2005-2015 Genesis Diamonds. All rights reserved.\n\n" } ]
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How To Get Inauguration Tickets
To get tickets to the Presidential Inauguration, first determine which event you wish to attend. For the Swearing In Ceremony, request tickets from your member of Congress via their official website or office contact information. For the Inaugural Parade, purchase bleacher seats along the parade route or watch it for free from the street. For the Inaugural Ball, sign up for the Inaugural Ball Tickets newsletter and purchase tickets as soon as they are available.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210226104618/https://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171014014413/http://www.freetoursbyfoot.com:80/how-to-attend-inauguration-2017/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171115065931/https://www.house.gov/representatives/find/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210727093421/https://www.gwhatchet.com/2016/11/09/students-try-to-sell-inaugural-ball-tickets-after-trump-win/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170112001157/https://byrne.house.gov/2017-presidential-inauguration-tickets-zip-authenticated" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210226104618/https://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm", "parsed_text": { "title": "U.S. Senate: Senators of the 117th Congress", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "U.S. Senate: Senators of the 117th Congress\n\nSkip Content\n\n# Senators of the 117th Congress\n\nSort by: Name State Party| Suite & Telephone list| XML \n---|---|--- \n \nAdditional Information about Current Senators\n\nBaldwin, Tammy - (D - WI)\n\nClass I\n\n709 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5653\n\nContact: www.baldwin.senate.gov/feedback\n\nBarrasso, John - (R - WY)\n\nClass I\n\n307 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6441\n\nContact: www.barrasso.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact-form\n\nBennet, Michael F. - (D - CO)\n\nClass III\n\n261 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5852\n\nContact: www.bennet.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nBlackburn, Marsha - (R - TN)\n\nClass I\n\n357 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3344\n\nContact: www.blackburn.senate.gov/email-me\n\nBlumenthal, Richard - (D - CT)\n\nClass III\n\n706 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2823\n\nContact: www.blumenthal.senate.gov/contact/\n\nBlunt, Roy - (R - MO)\n\nClass III\n\n260 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5721\n\nContact: www.blunt.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact-roy\n\nBooker, Cory A. - (D - NJ)\n\nClass II\n\n717 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3224\n\nContact: www.booker.senate.gov/?p=contact\n\nBoozman, John - (R - AR)\n\nClass III\n\n141 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4843\n\nContact: www.boozman.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nBraun, Mike - (R - IN)\n\nClass I\n\n374 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4814\n\nContact: www.braun.senate.gov/contact-mike\n\nBrown, Sherrod - (D - OH)\n\nClass I\n\n503 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2315\n\nContact: www.brown.senate.gov/contact/\n\nBurr, Richard - (R - NC)\n\nClass III\n\n217 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3154\n\nContact: www.burr.senate.gov/contact/email\n\nCantwell, Maria - (D - WA)\n\nClass I\n\n511 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3441\n\nContact: www.cantwell.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/email-maria\n\nCapito, Shelley Moore - (R - WV)\n\nClass II\n\n172 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6472\n\nContact: www.capito.senate.gov/contact/contact-shelley\n\nCardin, Benjamin L. - (D - MD)\n\nClass I\n\n509 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4524\n\nContact: www.cardin.senate.gov/contact/\n\nCarper, Thomas R. - (D - DE)\n\nClass I\n\n513 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2441\n\nContact: www.carper.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/email-senator-carper\n\nCasey, Robert P., Jr. - (D - PA)\n\nClass I\n\n393 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6324\n\nContact: www.casey.senate.gov/contact/\n\nCassidy, Bill - (R - LA)\n\nClass II\n\n520 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5824\n\nContact: www.cassidy.senate.gov/contact\n\nCollins, Susan M. - (R - ME)\n\nClass II\n\n413 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2523\n\nContact: www.collins.senate.gov/contact\n\nCoons, Christopher A. - (D - DE)\n\nClass II\n\n218 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5042\n\nContact: www.coons.senate.gov/contact\n\nCornyn, John - (R - TX)\n\nClass II\n\n517 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2934\n\nContact: www.cornyn.senate.gov/contact\n\nCortez Masto, Catherine - (D - NV)\n\nClass III\n\n516 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3542\n\nContact: www.cortezmasto.senate.gov/contact\n\nCotton, Tom - (R - AR)\n\nClass II\n\n326 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2353\n\nContact: www.cotton.senate.gov/contact/contact-tom\n\nCramer, Kevin - (R - ND)\n\nClass I\n\n400 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2043\n\nContact: www.cramer.senate.gov/contact/contact-kevin\n\nCrapo, Mike - (R - ID)\n\nClass III\n\n239 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6142\n\nContact: www.crapo.senate.gov/contact\n\nCruz, Ted - (R - TX)\n\nClass I\n\n127A Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5922\n\nContact: www.cruz.senate.gov/?p=form&id;=16\n\nDaines, Steve - (R - MT)\n\nClass II\n\n320 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2651\n\nContact: www.daines.senate.gov/connect/email-steve\n\nDuckworth, Tammy - (D - IL)\n\nClass III\n\n524 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2854\n\nContact: www.duckworth.senate.gov/content/contact-senator\n\nDurbin, Richard J. - (D - IL)\n\nClass II\n\n711 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2152\n\nContact: www.durbin.senate.gov/contact/\n\nErnst, Joni - (R - IA)\n\nClass II\n\n730 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3254\n\nContact: www.ernst.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nFeinstein, Dianne - (D - CA)\n\nClass I\n\n331 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3841\n\nContact: www.feinstein.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/e-mail-me\n\nFischer, Deb - (R - NE)\n\nClass I\n\n454 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6551\n\nContact: www.fischer.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nGillibrand, Kirsten E. - (D - NY)\n\nClass I\n\n478 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4451\n\nContact: www.gillibrand.senate.gov/contact/email-me\n\nGraham, Lindsey - (R - SC)\n\nClass II\n\n290 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5972\n\nContact: www.lgraham.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/e-mail-senator-gr...\n\nGrassley, Chuck - (R - IA)\n\nClass III\n\n135 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3744\n\nContact: www.grassley.senate.gov/contact\n\nHagerty, Bill - (R - TN)\n\nClass II\n\nB11 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4944\n\nContact: www.hagerty.senate.gov\n\nHassan, Margaret Wood - (D - NH)\n\nClass III\n\n324 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3324\n\nContact: www.hassan.senate.gov/content/contact-senator\n\nHawley, Josh - (R - MO)\n\nClass I\n\n212 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6154\n\nContact: www.hawley.senate.gov/contact-senator-hawley\n\nHeinrich, Martin - (D - NM)\n\nClass I\n\n303 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5521\n\nContact: www.heinrich.senate.gov/contact\n\nHickenlooper, John W. - (D - CO)\n\nClass II\n\nB85 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5941\n\nContact: www.hickenlooper.senate.gov\n\nHirono, Mazie K. - (D - HI)\n\nClass I\n\n109 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6361\n\nContact: www.hirono.senate.gov/contact\n\nHoeven, John - (R - ND)\n\nClass III\n\n338 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2551\n\nContact: www.hoeven.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/email-the-senator\n\nHyde-Smith, Cindy - (R - MS)\n\nClass II\n\n702 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5054\n\nContact: www.hydesmith.senate.gov/content/contact-senator\n\nInhofe, James M. - (R - OK)\n\nClass II\n\n205 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4721\n\nContact: www.inhofe.senate.gov/contact\n\nJohnson, Ron - (R - WI)\n\nClass III\n\n328 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5323\n\nContact: www.ronjohnson.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/email-the-sena...\n\nKaine, Tim - (D - VA)\n\nClass I\n\n231 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4024\n\nContact: www.kaine.senate.gov/contact\n\nKelly, Mark - (D - AZ)\n\nClass III\n\nB40B Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n202-224-2235\n\nContact: www.kelly.senate.gov\n\nKennedy, John - (R - LA)\n\nClass III\n\n416 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4623\n\nContact: www.kennedy.senate.gov/public/email-me\n\nKing, Angus S., Jr. - (I - ME)\n\nClass I\n\n133 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5344\n\nContact: www.king.senate.gov/contact\n\nKlobuchar, Amy - (D - MN)\n\nClass I\n\n425 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3244\n\nContact: www.klobuchar.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nLankford, James - (R - OK)\n\nClass III\n\n316 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5754\n\nContact: www.lankford.senate.gov/contact/email\n\nLeahy, Patrick J. - (D - VT)\n\nClass III\n\n437 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4242\n\nContact: www.leahy.senate.gov/contact/\n\nLee, Mike - (R - UT)\n\nClass III\n\n361A Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5444\n\nContact: www.lee.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nLuján, Ben Ray - (D - NM)\n\nClass II\n\nB40C Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6621\n\nContact: www.lujan.senate.gov\n\nLummis, Cynthia M. - (R - WY)\n\nClass II\n\nG12 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3424\n\nContact: www.lummis.senate.gov\n\nManchin, Joe, III - (D - WV)\n\nClass I\n\n306 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3954\n\nContact: www.manchin.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact-form\n\nMarkey, Edward J. - (D - MA)\n\nClass II\n\n255 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2742\n\nContact: www.markey.senate.gov/contact\n\nMarshall, Roger - (R - KS)\n\nClass II\n\nB33 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4774\n\nContact: www.marshall.senate.gov\n\nMcConnell, Mitch - (R - KY)\n\nClass II\n\n317 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2541\n\nContact: www.mcconnell.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?p=contact\n\nMenendez, Robert - (D - NJ)\n\nClass I\n\n528 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4744\n\nContact: www.menendez.senate.gov/contact\n\nMerkley, Jeff - (D - OR)\n\nClass II\n\n531 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3753\n\nContact: www.merkley.senate.gov/contact/\n\nMoran, Jerry - (R - KS)\n\nClass III\n\n521 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6521\n\nContact: www.moran.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/e-mail-jerry\n\nMurkowski, Lisa - (R - AK)\n\nClass III\n\n522 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6665\n\nContact: www.murkowski.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nMurphy, Christopher - (D - CT)\n\nClass I\n\n136 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4041\n\nContact: www.murphy.senate.gov/contact\n\nMurray, Patty - (D - WA)\n\nClass III\n\n154 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2621\n\nContact: www.murray.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contactme\n\nOssoff, Jon - (D - GA)\n\nClass II\n\n825 B&C; Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3521\n\nContact: www.ossoff.senate.gov\n\nPadilla, Alex - (D - CA)\n\nClass III\n\n112 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3553\n\nContact: www.padilla.senate.gov\n\nPaul, Rand - (R - KY)\n\nClass III\n\n167 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4343\n\nContact: www.paul.senate.gov/connect/email-rand\n\nPeters, Gary C. - (D - MI)\n\nClass II\n\n724 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6221\n\nContact: www.peters.senate.gov/contact/email-gary\n\nPortman, Rob - (R - OH)\n\nClass III\n\n448 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3353\n\nContact: www.portman.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact?p=contact...\n\nReed, Jack - (D - RI)\n\nClass II\n\n728 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4642\n\nContact: www.reed.senate.gov/contact/\n\nRisch, James E. - (R - ID)\n\nClass II\n\n483 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2752\n\nContact: www.risch.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?p=Email\n\nRomney, Mitt - (R - UT)\n\nClass I\n\n124 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5251\n\nContact: www.romney.senate.gov/contact-senator-romney\n\nRosen, Jacky - (D - NV)\n\nClass I\n\n144 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6244\n\nContact: www.rosen.senate.gov/contact_jacky\n\nRounds, Mike - (R - SD)\n\nClass II\n\n502 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5842\n\nContact: www.rounds.senate.gov/contact/email-mike\n\nRubio, Marco - (R - FL)\n\nClass III\n\n284 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3041\n\nContact: www.rubio.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nSanders, Bernard - (I - VT)\n\nClass I\n\n332 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5141\n\nContact: www.sanders.senate.gov/contact/\n\nSasse, Ben - (R - NE)\n\nClass II\n\n107 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4224\n\nContact: www.sasse.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/email-ben\n\nSchatz, Brian - (D - HI)\n\nClass III\n\n722 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3934\n\nContact: www.schatz.senate.gov/contact\n\nSchumer, Charles E. - (D - NY)\n\nClass III\n\n322 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6542\n\nContact: www.schumer.senate.gov/contact/email-chuck\n\nScott, Rick - (R - FL)\n\nClass I\n\n716 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5274\n\nContact: www.rickscott.senate.gov/contact_rick\n\nScott, Tim - (R - SC)\n\nClass III\n\n104 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6121\n\nContact: www.scott.senate.gov/contact/email-me\n\nShaheen, Jeanne - (D - NH)\n\nClass II\n\n506 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2841\n\nContact: www.shaheen.senate.gov/contact/contact-jeanne\n\nShelby, Richard C. - (R - AL)\n\nClass III\n\n304 Russell Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5744\n\nContact: www.shelby.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/emailsenatorshelby\n\nSinema, Kyrsten - (D - AZ)\n\nClass I\n\n317 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4521\n\nContact: www.sinema.senate.gov/contact-kyrsten\n\nSmith, Tina - (D - MN)\n\nClass II\n\n720 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5641\n\nContact: www.smith.senate.gov/contact-tina\n\nStabenow, Debbie - (D - MI)\n\nClass I\n\n731 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4822\n\nContact: www.stabenow.senate.gov/contact\n\nSullivan, Dan - (R - AK)\n\nClass II\n\n302 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3004\n\nContact: www.sullivan.senate.gov/contact/email\n\nTester, Jon - (D - MT)\n\nClass I\n\n311 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2644\n\nContact: www.tester.senate.gov/?p=email_senator\n\nThune, John - (R - SD)\n\nClass III\n\n511 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2321\n\nContact: www.thune.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nTillis, Thom - (R - NC)\n\nClass II\n\n113 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6342\n\nContact: www.tillis.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/email-me\n\nToomey, Patrick J. - (R - PA)\n\nClass III\n\n455 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4254\n\nContact: www.toomey.senate.gov/?p=contact\n\nTuberville, Tommy - (R - AL)\n\nClass II\n\nB40A Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4124\n\nContact: www.tuberville.senate.gov\n\nVan Hollen, Chris - (D - MD)\n\nClass III\n\n110 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4654\n\nContact: www.vanhollen.senate.gov/contact/email\n\nWarner, Mark R. - (D - VA)\n\nClass II\n\n703 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2023\n\nContact: www.warner.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?p=Contact\n\nWarnock, Raphael G. - (D - GA)\n\nClass III\n\nB40D Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-3643\n\nContact: www.warnock.senate.gov\n\nWarren, Elizabeth - (D - MA)\n\nClass I\n\n309 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-4543\n\nContact: www.warren.senate.gov/?p=email_senator\n\nWhitehouse, Sheldon - (D - RI)\n\nClass I\n\n530 Hart Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-2921\n\nContact: www.whitehouse.senate.gov/contact/email-sheldon\n\nWicker, Roger F. - (R - MS)\n\nClass I\n\n555 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-6253\n\nContact: www.wicker.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/contact\n\nWyden, Ron - (D - OR)\n\nClass III\n\n221 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5244\n\nContact: www.wyden.senate.gov/contact/\n\nYoung, Todd - (R - IN)\n\nClass III\n\n185 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington DC 20510\n\n(202) 224-5623\n\nContact: www.young.senate.gov/contact\n\nAdditional Information about Current Senators\n\n * Contact\n * Leadership & Officers\n * Former Senators\n * Qualifications & Terms of Service\n * Facts & Milestones\n * States\n\n### Information about Current Senators\n\nParty Division 117th Congress • Majority Party: Democrats (48 seats) •\nMinority Party: Republicans (50 seats) • Other Parties: Independents (2 seats-\nboth caucus with the Democrats) More Party Division Information\n\nThe following lists from Facts & Milestones include current senators.\n\nSenate Service • Appointed Senators • Committee Membership • Longest Serving\nSenators • New senators (2001-Present) • Senate Freshman since Direct Election\n(1914) • Senate Roll Call Votes • Senate Salaries (1789-Present) • Senators\n(1789-Present) • Senators who have Cast more than 10,000 Votes • Senators who\nhave Delivered Washington's Farewell Address\n\nPolitical Parties • Senators Representing Third or Minor Parties • Senators\nwho Changed Parties during Senate Service (since 1890)\n\nDiversity in the Senate • Foreign-born Senators • Ethnic Diversity in the\nSenate • Women Senators\n\nMilitary & Professional Service • Marines in the Senate • Physicians in the\nSenate\n\nOther Accomplishments • Books Written by Sitting Senators\n\nVisit Facts & Milestones for more lists about senators\n\n### Related Links\n\n• Biographical Directory • Congressional Directory (GPO-govInfo)\n\n### SENATORS\n\n * Contact\n * Leadership & Officers\n * Former Senators\n * Qualifications & Terms of Service\n * Facts & Milestones\n * States\n\n### COMMITTEES\n\n * Membership & Assignments\n * Hearings & Meetings\n * History\n\n### LEGISLATION & RECORDS\n\n * Bills, Acts, & Laws\n * Nominations\n * Treaties\n * Votes\n * Floor Proceedings\n * Rules & Procedure\n * Landmark Legislation\n * Sessions of Congress\n * Public Disclosure\n\n### ART & HISTORY\n\n * People\n * Institution\n * Historical Highlights\n * Oral History Project\n * Special Features\n * Paintings\n * Sculpture\n * Prints, Drawings & Photographs\n * Furniture & Decorative Art\n * Ephemera & Historical Objects\n * Senate Stories Blog\n\n### REFERENCE\n\n * Virtual Reference Desk\n * Statistics & Lists\n * Bibliographies\n * How To...\n * Glossary\n * Senate Organization\n * The Constitution\n * Procurement\n * Employment & Internships\n * Visiting\n\nContact | Content Responsibility | Usage Policy | PDF Help | Privacy Policy |\nwww.senate.gov\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.freetoursbyfoot.com:80/how-to-attend-inauguration-2017/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171014014413/http://www.freetoursbyfoot.com:80/how-to-attend-inauguration-2017/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Attend Inauguration 2017", "passages": [ "We are unaffiliated with the Inauguration and can offer no more assistance than the advice compiled below. Please do not contact us to arrange tickets to attend. We do not offer guide service or tours on Inauguration Day.", "The 2017 Presidential Inauguration is nearly upon and the city is already preparing for the inaugural events. From parades to balls to the actual inauguration, use this as your guide to how to attend inauguration 2017, get tickets to an inaugural ball, and welcome the new president into the White House.", "Location: The Swearing In Ceremony takes place on the west front of the U.S. Capitol Building but can be viewed from along the National Mall. The Parade will then continue down Pennsylvania Ave NW ending at the White House.", "Weather: January is the coldest month of the year in D.C. and most of the events take place outside. Dress warmly!", "First step in attending the swearing in ceremony is to be prepared for disappointment as there are tens of thousands of requests for not nearly as many tickets. Are you involved in your community? Earn any awards from your hometown? Anything that will make you stand out from the literal crowd of people requesting tickets will help.", "Requests for inauguration tickets must go through one’s member of Congress. You can contact your representative or senator. Each office handles the procedure differently – either a wait list or a lottery.", "How much are inauguration tickets? It is free to attend the inauguration swearing in ceremony itself though tickets are required. Beware of scammers trying to sell you tickets in advance. Tickets are only given out in person at your congressperson’s office about a week prior to the inauguration so do not try to buy tickets online.", "Can I attend the inauguration without tickets? Of course! This is a public event as we welcome our new President. Tickets are required to watch from the platform but there are viewing stations all along the National Mall with large screen televisions and speakers. You can always expect a crowd and usually various entrances to the separate areas on the National Mall (usually by separated by block).", "How to attend the Inaugural Parade? The Inaugural Parade has been a part of the celebrations since George Washington first took office. After the swearing In ceremony and inaugual luncheon, the new President and Vice President will travel down Pennsylvania Avenue between the Capitol and White House. They’ll remain on the viewing platform at the White House to watch the rest of the parade.", "Ticketed Viewing: A limited number of tickets for bleachers along the parade route will be available from the Presidential Inauguration Committee. In 2013, the tickets were available online for $44 per person with a limit of 6 tickets per order. Tickets usually go on sale the week prior.", "Watching the Inaugural Parade without tickets: Public entrances are set along the route where guests can watch the parade without tickets. Public entrances open at 630am for the afternoon parade and are closed as the area becomes filled.", "Best place to watch the Inaugural Parade? If you don’t want to stand out in the cold, you can watch a live stream of the Inaugural Parade. However, if you want to be there in person there are several great spots:", "To miss the crowds, you can check out the Newseum’s Inauguration Package. The museum is located on Pennsylvania Ave, right on the parade route. The glass building has an open terrace for birds eye view.", "The parade route starts at the East Front of the Capitol Building, travels down Constitutition Ave and then down Pennsylvania Ave, up 17th Street and back on Pennsylvania Ave (see map).", "DON’T try to watch the Parade Route by going to the White House. Most of that area is restricted to special bleacher seating.", "Furthermore, in order to access the parade route, you must go through security. There are many security checkpoints that will remain open from 630am until that section is filled. They are located as f", "There are two types of Inaugural Balls: official and unofficial. Official Inaugural Balls will see attendance by the President and/or Vice President where as unofficial balls will likely not.", "How to get tickets to the Official Inaugural Ball? Official Inaugural Ball 2017 information has not yet been released. If you’re interested in attending, or just know more about them, we suggest signing up for the newsletter update from Inaugural Tickets.", "Can I attend the Inaugural Ball? When the information is released, there is usually one Official Inaugural Ball open to the public. Last election tickets were sold at $60 a person online.", "How to attend an Inaugural Ball? If you just want to dress up and celebrate there are dozens of unofficial balls that take place around the city. Some are black tie affairs, others low key and some encourage you to dress as your favorite politician. There are a variety of styles to suit every person.", "Hotels: Plan early because hotel rooms quickly sell out in Washington D.C. during inauguration. Keep in mind, many hotels will require you to have a 4 night minimum for inauguration weekend.", "AirBnB: this is a great option where you’ll find additional rooming options come on the market just for Inauguration as residents rent out spare bedrooms or entire house for the events. The closer the property is to the U.S. Capitol and/or White House, the more expensive it will be. Have a look at neighborhoods on the Blue/Silver/Orange lines if you want a direct connection to the Inauguration.", "INSIDER TIP: If hotels in DC are out of your price range or unavailable, consider staying at one outside of DC! There are many great and affordable hotels outside the city that are easily accessible by Metro, bus and cab. In fact, DC is rather small so in some cases you can still walk to your hotel from DC, even if you’re staying in Virgina! You’ll find many chain hotels just across the Potomac River in Virginia and in Maryland:", "You will find many large chain hotels in the above areas and most are within walking distance or offer a free shuttle to a Metro. But, expert tip, the DC Metro System, WMATA, is currently undergoing renovations, meaning some stations or lines are closed or severely delayed. Make sure you research if there will be closures during your stay!", "As a federal holiday, most business and schools will be closed on Inauguration Day. In addition, thousands of people are expected to attend the events.", "Parking is difficult on an off season day so it will be near impossible around the Inauguration. In addition, there will be numerous road closures around the city. A great option is to park outside the city and take public transportation in.", "If you’re driving into DC on Inauguration Day, a smart move would be reserving a parking spot ahead of time. Parking Panda is a popular service in DC that makes finding parking a whole lot easier. They allow you to view which parking garages will be accessible on Inauguration Day and book a guaranteed space near where you’re headed. Pretty simple. It’s also possible that their service could help you save some money on overnight parking as compared to your the rates your hotel might be charging.", "Metro will provide 17 consecutive hours of rush-hour service — from 4 a.m. until 9 p.m. Peak fares will be in effect during the entire time.", "Metrobus will operate weekday rush hour service in the morning, followed by an early rush hour in the afternoon. Many routes will operate on detours due to Inaugural events." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Attend Inauguration 2017 - Free Tours by Foot\n\n * Home\n * Blog\n * About Us\n * Reviews\n * FAQs\n * Contact\n\nWashington DC\n\n * Home Page\n * Washington DC\n * New York City\n * New Orleans\n * Boston\n * Philadelphia\n * Charleston\n * Chicago\n * San Francisco\n * Berlin\n * London\n * Paris\n * Canada\n * Barcelona\n * Other Cities\n\nBook Online\n\n * Home\n * Blog\n * About Us\n * Reviews\n * FAQs\n * Contact\n\n * Tour Calendar\n * Walking Tours\n\n * DC in A Day | National Mall, US Capitol, Archives\n * All In One (National Mall Tour+Tidal Basin)\n * National Mall Tour\n * Lincoln Assassination\n * Arlington Cemetery\n * Old Town Alexandria Walking Tour\n * Washington DC Ghost Tours\n * Capitol Hill Tour\n * Historic Georgetown\n * Embassy Row Tour\n * Dark Side of Dupont & Embassy Row\n * Self Guided Tours of Washington DC\n * Bus Tours\n * Night Tours\n * Discount Pass\n * Arlington Cemetery\n * Georgetown\n * Food Tours\n\n * Eastern Market History & Desserts Tour\n * Georgetown Cupcakes & Desserts Tour\n * U Street Food & History Tour\n * Private Tours\n\n# How to Attend Inauguration 2017\n\nWe are unaffiliated with the Inauguration and can offer no more assistance\nthan the advice compiled below. Please do not contact us to arrange tickets to\nattend. We do not offer guide service or tours on Inauguration Day.\n\nCheck out our DC Tourism Guide, with budget advice, travel guides, and\ninformation about local Washington DC attractions\n\nThe 2017 Presidential Inauguration is nearly upon and the city is already\npreparing for the inaugural events. From parades to balls to the actual\ninauguration, use this as your guide to how to attend inauguration 2017, get\ntickets to an inaugural ball, and welcome the new president into the White\nHouse.\n\n * How to Attend Inauguration 2017\n * How to get Tickets to Inaugural Ball\n * Where to Stay for Inauguration\n * Getting Around DC on Inauguration Day\n\nBack to top\n\nIMPORTANT INAUGURATION INFORMATION\n\nDate: Friday, January 20, 2017\n\nLocation: The Swearing In Ceremony takes place on the west front of the U.S.\nCapitol Building but can be viewed from along the National Mall. The Parade\nwill then continue down Pennsylvania Ave NW ending at the White House.\n\nWeather: January is the coldest month of the year in D.C. and most of the\nevents take place outside. Dress warmly!\n\nSecurity: Regardless of the events, you’ll often have to go through security\nin D.C. but more so during inauguration.\n\nBack to top\n\n## How to Attend Inauguration 2017\n\nHow to get tickets to attend Inauguration Swearing In Ceremony\n\nFirst step in attending the swearing in ceremony is to be prepared for\ndisappointment as there are tens of thousands of requests for not nearly as\nmany tickets. Are you involved in your community? Earn any awards from your\nhometown? Anything that will make you stand out from the literal crowd of\npeople requesting tickets will help.\n\n * Requests for inauguration tickets must go through one’s member of Congress. You can contact your representative or senator. Each office handles the procedure differently – either a wait list or a lottery.\n\nHow much are inauguration tickets? It is free to attend the inauguration\nswearing in ceremony itself though tickets are required. Beware of scammers\ntrying to sell you tickets in advance. Tickets are only given out in person at\nyour congressperson’s office about a week prior to the inauguration so do not\ntry to buy tickets online.\n\nCan I attend the inauguration without tickets? Of course! This is a public\nevent as we welcome our new President. Tickets are required to watch from the\nplatform but there are viewing stations all along the National Mall with large\nscreen televisions and speakers. You can always expect a crowd and usually\nvarious entrances to the separate areas on the National Mall (usually by\nseparated by block).\n\nHow to attend the Inaugural Parade? The Inaugural Parade has been a part of\nthe celebrations since George Washington first took office. After the swearing\nIn ceremony and inaugual luncheon, the new President and Vice President will\ntravel down Pennsylvania Avenue between the Capitol and White House. They’ll\nremain on the viewing platform at the White House to watch the rest of the\nparade.\n\n * Ticketed Viewing: A limited number of tickets for bleachers along the parade route will be available from the Presidential Inauguration Committee. In 2013, the tickets were available online for $44 per person with a limit of 6 tickets per order. Tickets usually go on sale the week prior.\n\n * Watching the Inaugural Parade without tickets: Public entrances are set along the route where guests can watch the parade without tickets. Public entrances open at 630am for the afternoon parade and are closed as the area becomes filled.\n\nBest place to watch the Inaugural Parade? If you don’t want to stand out in\nthe cold, you can watch a live stream of the Inaugural Parade. However, if you\nwant to be there in person there are several great spots:\n\nTo miss the crowds, you can check out the Newseum’s Inauguration Package. The\nmuseum is located on Pennsylvania Ave, right on the parade route. The glass\nbuilding has an open terrace for birds eye view.\n\nThe parade route starts at the East Front of the Capitol Building, travels\ndown Constitutition Ave and then down Pennsylvania Ave, up 17th Street and\nback on Pennsylvania Ave (see map).\n\nKeep these tips in mind when considering where to watch the Inaugural Parade:\n\n * DON’T try to watch the Parade Route by going to the White House. Most of that area is restricted to special bleacher seating.\n * DON’T plan on driving. The blocks surrounding the parade route are closed to vehicular traffic.\n * DON’T plan on using the Archives/Navy Memorial Metro Station. It is closed on Inauguration Day.\n\nWhere will there be security checkpoints?\n\nFurthermore, in order to access the parade route, you must go through\nsecurity. There are many security checkpoints that will remain open from 630am\nuntil that section is filled. They are located as f\n\n * 2nd Street NW and C Street NW\n * John Marshall Park at C Street NW\n * Indiana Avenue NW between 6th Street NW and 7th Street NW\n * 7th Street NW and D Street NW\n * 10th Street NW and E Street NW\n * 12th Street NW and E Street NW\n * 13th Street NW and E Street NW\n * 14th Street NW and E Street NW\n * 12th Street NW and Constitution Avenue NW\n * 10th Street NW and Constitution Avenue NW\n * 7th Street NW and Constitution Avenue NW\n * Constitution Avenue NW between 6th Street NW and 7th Street NW\n\nBack to top\n\n## How to get Tickets to Inaugural Ball\n\nThere are two types of Inaugural Balls: official and unofficial. Official\nInaugural Balls will see attendance by the President and/or Vice President\nwhere as unofficial balls will likely not.\n\nHow to get tickets to the Official Inaugural Ball? Official Inaugural Ball\n2017 information has not yet been released. If you’re interested in attending,\nor just know more about them, we suggest signing up for the newsletter update\nfrom Inaugural Tickets.\n\nCan I attend the Inaugural Ball? When the information is released, there is\nusually one Official Inaugural Ball open to the public. Last election tickets\nwere sold at $60 a person online.\n\nHow to attend an Inaugural Ball? If you just want to dress up and celebrate\nthere are dozens of unofficial balls that take place around the city. Some are\nblack tie affairs, others low key and some encourage you to dress as your\nfavorite politician. There are a variety of styles to suit every person.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Where to Stay for Inauguration\n\nHotels: Plan early because hotel rooms quickly sell out in Washington D.C.\nduring inauguration. Keep in mind, many hotels will require you to have a 4\nnight minimum for inauguration weekend.\n\n\\+ The Willard – 1401 Pennsylvania Ave Nw: Washington, DC 20004\n\n * Pros: Very luxurious, excellent location, and ideal for history lovers.\n * Cons: Very expensive and rooms likely to book out quickly for inauguration.\n * TripAdvisor Rating: 4.5 stars\n * Book directly with The Willard\n * Compare prices at Booking.com.\n\n\\+ Holiday Inn Washington Capitol – 550 C St SW, Washington, DC 20024\n\n * Pros: Very convenient location and more reasonable prices.\n * Cons: Near noisy railway.\n * TripAdvisor Rating: 4 stars\n * Book directly with Holiday Inn.\n * Compare deals with Booking.com.\n\n\\+ Holiday Inn Central / White House – 1501 Rhode Island Ave NW, Washington,\nDC 20005\n\n * Pros: Excellent customer service, very central location, and more reasonable prices.\n * Cons: Relatively basic accommodation; not a ‘destination hotel’\n * TripAdvisor Rating: 4 stars\n * BOOK directly with Holiday Inn Central / White House\n * OR with Booking.com to compare deals.\n\n\\+ Hamilton Crowne Plaza – 1001 14th St NW, Washington, DC 20005\n\n * Pros: Very good location near White House; excellent bar and restaurant with live music downstairs.\n * Cons: Difficult parking; some guests comment that the hotel seems dated.\n * TripAdvisor Rating: 4 stars\n * BOOK directly with Hamilton Crowne Plaza\n * OR with Booking.com to compare deals.\n\n\\+ Kimpton Hotel Palomar – 2121 P Street NW, Washington, DC 20037\n\n * Pros: Recently renovated; located in hip neighborhood near White House.\n * Cons: Some guests warn of extra charges that are added upon check-out.\n * TripAdvisor Rating: 4.5 stars\n * BOOK directly with Kimpton Hotel Palomar\n * OR with Booking.com to compare deals.\n\nHotel Indigo Old Town Alexandria – 220 South Union Street, Alexandria, VA\n22314\n\n * Pros: Modern interior; located in beautiful Old Town, Alexandria.\n * Cons: Location is far from downtown DC.\n * TripAdvisor Rating: N/A\n * BOOK directly with Hotel Indigo Old Town Alexandria\n * OR with Booking.com to compare deals.\n\nStaybridge Suites Greenbelt – 10500 Eastgate Dr, Lanham, MD 20706\n\n * Pros: Modern and clean amenities; prices much more reasonable than hotels in central DC.\n * Cons: Far from downtown area — expect nearly an hour commute during inauguration.\n * TripAdvisor Rating: 4.5 stars\n * BOOK directly with Staybridge Suites Greenbelt\n * OR with Bookings.com to compare deals.\n\nAirBnB: this is a great option where you’ll find additional rooming options\ncome on the market just for Inauguration as residents rent out spare bedrooms\nor entire house for the events. The closer the property is to the U.S. Capitol\nand/or White House, the more expensive it will be. Have a look at\nneighborhoods on the Blue/Silver/Orange lines if you want a direct connection\nto the Inauguration.\n\nINSIDER TIP: If hotels in DC are out of your price range or unavailable,\nconsider staying at one outside of DC! There are many great and affordable\nhotels outside the city that are easily accessible by Metro, bus and cab. In\nfact, DC is rather small so in some cases you can still walk to your hotel\nfrom DC, even if you’re staying in Virgina! You’ll find many chain hotels just\nacross the Potomac River in Virginia and in Maryland:\n\n * On the Orange Line: Rosslyn, Courthouse, New Carrollton\n * On the Red Line: Bethesda, Silver Spring\n * On the Silver Line: Tysons Corner, Spring Hill\n * On the Blue Line: Rosslyn, Pentagon City, Crystal City, Old Town Alexandria.\n\nYou will find many large chain hotels in the above areas and most are within\nwalking distance or offer a free shuttle to a Metro. But, expert tip, the DC\nMetro System, WMATA, is currently undergoing renovations, meaning some\nstations or lines are closed or severely delayed. Make sure you research if\nthere will be closures during your stay!\n\nCheck out Hostelz.com for a comprehensive listing of the best hostels in DC.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Getting Around DC on Inauguration Day\n\nAs a federal holiday, most business and schools will be closed on Inauguration\nDay. In addition, thousands of people are expected to attend the events.\n\nWhere to park on Inauguration Day?\n\nParking is difficult on an off season day so it will be near impossible around\nthe Inauguration. In addition, there will be numerous road closures around the\ncity. A great option is to park outside the city and take public\ntransportation in.\n\nIf you’re driving into DC on Inauguration Day, a smart move would be reserving\na parking spot ahead of time. Parking Panda is a popular service in DC that\nmakes finding parking a whole lot easier. They allow you to view which parking\ngarages will be accessible on Inauguration Day and book a guaranteed space\nnear where you’re headed. Pretty simple. It’s also possible that their service\ncould help you save some money on overnight parking as compared to your the\nrates your hotel might be charging.\n\nTaking public transportation on Inauguration Day?\n\n * The Metro will open at 4 a.m. and close at 2 a.m.\n\n * Metro will provide 17 consecutive hours of rush-hour service — from 4 a.m. until 9 p.m. Peak fares will be in effect during the entire time.\n\n * Metrobus will operate weekday rush hour service in the morning, followed by an early rush hour in the afternoon. Many routes will operate on detours due to Inaugural events.\n\nBack to top\n\nTags: Inauguration Washington DC Guide\n\n * Disclaimer\n\n© 2017 Free Tours by Foot\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.house.gov/representatives/find/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171115065931/https://www.house.gov/representatives/find/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Find Your Representative · House.gov", "passages": [ "Not sure of your congressional district or who your member is? This service will assist you by matching your ZIP code to your congressional district, with links to your member's website and contact page.", "There is no central listing of member office public e-mail addresses. Each member of Congress establishes their office's policy related to the processing and management of e-mail. Generally, if a member has a public e-mail address, it can be found on the member's website. The office may list a public e-mail address or provide a form directly on the member's website. The U.S. House of Representatives does not provide a listing of public e-mail addresses for the elected Representatives.\nWhat should I do when I enter my ZIP code information and I get the wrong elected Representative?", "The Find Your Representative service matches the ZIP code information you provide with a list of congressional districts. If you receive an error due to a missing ZIP code or incorrect member information, please use the Contact Webmaster form to report the problem. Select the appropriate error category (Report an error in the Find Your Representative service.) and provide as much information as possible to assist us in researching the problem. Please be sure to include: Your Street Address, City, State and ZIP code, the member or congressional district information you are trying to reach and the member or congressional district the service is reporting that you feel is in error.\nCan I forward my message through the Contact Webmaster mailbox?", "No. The webmaster will not forward messages to congressional offices. If you are having problems contacting your representative, you can report the problem using the Contact Webmaster form, write or call your elected representative, or visit the member's website for alternate contact information.\nAre there alternative ways to reach my elected representative?", "If you know who your representative is but you are unable to contact them using their contact form, the Clerk of the House maintains addresses and phone numbers of all House members and Committees, or you may call (202)224-3121 for the U.S. House switchboard operator. In addition, you may choose to visit your member's website directly for further information.\nWhat is the proper form of address when I write my elected representative?", "There are several correct forms of address for a member of Congress including \"The Honorable\" and \"Representative\".\nIs it okay for my company / organization to link to the Find Your Representative service?", "The Find Your Representative service is provided as a public resource for identifying and contacting a constituent's elected representative. There is currently no restriction on a link being posted to the Find Your Representative page at https://www.house.gov/representatives/find/ to facilitate constituents in expressing their concerns and issues to their representative in Congress.\nResources", "Send comments about the Find Your Representative service to the webmaster. Please note that messages for a specific representative sent to the webmaster will not be forwarded to the representative." ] }, "parsed_md": "Find Your Representative · House.gov\n\nSkip repetitive navigation\n\n115th Congress, 1st Session · The House is not in session\n\n * Visitors\n * Educators and Students\n * Media\n * Doing Business with the House\n * Employment\n\nFind Your Representative\n\n * Representatives\n * Leadership\n * Committees\n * Legislative Activity\n * The House Explained\n\n * Mobile Site\n * Accessibility Policy\n\n# Find Your Representative\n\nNot sure of your congressional district or who your member is? This service\nwill assist you by matching your ZIP code to your congressional district, with\nlinks to your member's website and contact page.\n\nPlease review the frequently asked questions if you have problems using this\nservice.\n\n## Frequently Asked Questions\n\n * Where can I find a list of public e-mail addresses for members of Congress?\n * What should I do when I enter my ZIP code information and I get the wrong elected representative?\n * Can I forward my message through the Contact Webmaster mailbox?\n * Are there alternative ways to reach my elected Representative?\n * What is the proper form of address when I write my elected Representative?\n * Is it okay for my company / organization to link to the Find Your Representative service?\n\nWhere can I find a list of public e-mail addresses for members of Congress?\n\n There is no central listing of member office public e-mail addresses. Each member of Congress establishes their office's policy related to the processing and management of e-mail. Generally, if a member has a public e-mail address, it can be found on the member's website. The office may list a public e-mail address or provide a form directly on the member's website. The U.S. House of Representatives does not provide a listing of public e-mail addresses for the elected Representatives.\nWhat should I do when I enter my ZIP code information and I get the wrong\nelected Representative?\n\n The Find Your Representative service matches the ZIP code information you provide with a list of congressional districts. If you receive an error due to a missing ZIP code or incorrect member information, please use the Contact Webmaster form to report the problem. Select the appropriate error category (Report an error in the Find Your Representative service.) and provide as much information as possible to assist us in researching the problem. Please be sure to include: Your Street Address, City, State and ZIP code, the member or congressional district information you are trying to reach and the member or congressional district the service is reporting that you feel is in error.\nCan I forward my message through the Contact Webmaster mailbox?\n\n No. The webmaster will not forward messages to congressional offices. If you are having problems contacting your representative, you can report the problem using the Contact Webmaster form, write or call your elected representative, or visit the member's website for alternate contact information.\nAre there alternative ways to reach my elected representative?\n\n If you know who your representative is but you are unable to contact them using their contact form, the Clerk of the House maintains addresses and phone numbers of all House members and Committees, or you may call (202)224-3121 for the U.S. House switchboard operator. In addition, you may choose to visit your member's website directly for further information.\nWhat is the proper form of address when I write my elected representative?\n\n There are several correct forms of address for a member of Congress including \"The Honorable\" and \"Representative\".\nIs it okay for my company / organization to link to the Find Your\nRepresentative service?\n\n The Find Your Representative service is provided as a public resource for identifying and contacting a constituent's elected representative. There is currently no restriction on a link being posted to the Find Your Representative page at https://www.house.gov/representatives/find/ to facilitate constituents in expressing their concerns and issues to their representative in Congress.\n\n# Resources\n\n * Directory of Representatives\n * Leadership\n * Committees\n * Advanced Search\n * Site Map\n\n# Technical Difficulties?\n\nSend comments about the Find Your Representative service to the webmaster.\nPlease note that messages for a specific representative sent to the webmaster\nwill not be forwarded to the representative.\n\nU.S. House of Representatives Washington, DC 20515 (202) 224-3121 TTY:\n(202)-225-1904\n\n * Site Map\n * Site Tools\n * Contact Webmaster\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.gwhatchet.com/2016/11/09/students-try-to-sell-inaugural-ball-tickets-after-trump-win/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210727093421/https://www.gwhatchet.com/2016/11/09/students-try-to-sell-inaugural-ball-tickets-after-trump-win/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Students try to sell inaugural ball tickets after Trump win – The GW Hatchet", "passages": [ "Students celebrated President Barack Obama's second inauguration at a ball in 2013. Tickets for 2017's ball, which went on sale on Election Day, have not sold out, and some students who purchased tickets are trying to sell them.", "Tickets for GW’s sixth inaugural ball – a University staple since the 1993 inauguration – have yet to sell out unlike in past years, and more than 70 students are trying to resell tickets at reduced prices on the inaugural ball’s Facebook page. The tickets first went on sale Election Day, so students purchased them before knowing who the president would be.", "University spokeswoman Kurie Fitzgerald said that tickets are not refundable. Tickets cannot be exchanged or transferred, according to the ticket receipt.", "Fitzgerald said more than 4,000 tickets were sold on Election Day, and a limited number of tickets are still available for sale.", "Fitzgerald said ticket sales will cover the cost of the night’s events, but the University has not disclosed the event’s full budget. The ball will be held at the Omni Shoreham Hotel on Inauguration Day from 8 p.m. to midnight.", "“The inaugural ball brings the entire GW community together every four years. We look forward to continuing this tradition on Jan. 20,” Fitzgerald said.", "Students purchased tickets for $135 on Election Day, and faculty, staff and alumni could buy tickets for $175. Tickets for students now cost $150 and are available for purchase online or at the Lisner Box Office.", "Some students who bought their tickets before the election results rolled in want them off their hands, saying they do not want to celebrate Trump’s presidency.", "Multicultural Greek Council President Clare Lewis said she decided to sell her two tickets Tuesday night when friends from varying backgrounds expressed fear of what Trump’s presidency would mean for the U.S. and the rest of the world.", "“I don’t want to celebrate fear,” Lewis said. “I came to see Obama’s inauguration and I was really genuinely excited for Hillary’s too. I thought, here is a woman who is smart, savvy and direct, who is going to get things done.”", "Junior Mikayla Walker sold two tickets for $100 each Wednesday, each at $50 less than what they would have cost if purchased from the University at the same time. She said she did not reach out to the University for a refund after she noticed the nonrefundable policy.", "“I decided to sell my inaugural ball ticket because I was a Hillary Clinton supporter, but not only that, I am extremely against Donald Trump,” Walker said. “I just refuse to celebrate for someone who I don’t support.”", "Freshman Jasmiine Flores said she would reconsider selling her ticket if she felt that the ball was a send-off for President Barack Obama but that she would not attend it as a celebration for Trump.", "“As the daughter of immigrant parents I believe I should not celebrate such recognition for this man nor should I force myself into an environment that makes me feel unsafe,” Flores said.", "Frank Fritz, who received a discounted ticket to the ball for $67.50, posted in the Facebook event that while he is thankful to the donating families whose contribution made it possible for GW to sell some discounted tickets, he has declined to accept his.", "“As a mixed race man of color, and a human being of conscious, I know that my place is not at this Inaugural Ball,” Fritz said in his statement, which he said he also sent to officials. “My place is not to normalize his bigotry and chicanery, and to participate in this lavish event in his honor would do just that.”", "Fritz added that Trump’s exacerbation of violence, racial tensions, misogyny, climate denial and nuclear proliferation are the antithesis of what he loves about America.", "“His vision of life on this planet is candidly one that I do not think would be worth living,” Fritz said.", "“To all of you selling your tickets because Trump won: by choosing to not attend this event you are showing him he is winning, not just the election, but that hate is winning over our country. Don’t let him keep you from living your life and experiencing the amazing things our city and our university has to offer,” one student posted.", "Bowser ended the District’s public health emergency but extended her public emergency order Saturday, retaining the power to implement a mask mandate.", "The ANC unanimously called on DDOT to plant trees in the median of Virginia Avenue from Rock Creek Parkway to G Street NW during its meeting Wednesday.", "My fears of not fitting in and missing home did not come true – I made it through a pandemic and moving cities, and I’m ready to make my mark at GW." ] }, "parsed_md": "Students try to sell inaugural ball tickets after Trump win – The GW Hatchet\n\n# Students try to sell inaugural ball tickets after Trump win\n\nMedia Credit: Hatchet file photo.\n\nStudents celebrated President Barack Obama's second inauguration at a ball in\n2013. Tickets for 2017's ball, which went on sale on Election Day, have not\nsold out, and some students who purchased tickets are trying to sell them.\n\nNews\n\nBy Elise Zaidi Nov 9, 2016 11:51 PM\n\nUpdated: Nov. 10, 2016 at 8:09 a.m.\n\nSome students don’t want to celebrate president-elect Donald Trump’s impending\ninauguration.\n\nTickets for GW’s sixth inaugural ball – a University staple since the 1993\ninauguration – have yet to sell out unlike in past years, and more than 70\nstudents are trying to resell tickets at reduced prices on the inaugural\nball’s Facebook page. The tickets first went on sale Election Day, so students\npurchased them before knowing who the president would be.\n\nUniversity spokeswoman Kurie Fitzgerald said that tickets are not refundable.\nTickets cannot be exchanged or transferred, according to the ticket receipt.\n\nFitzgerald said more than 4,000 tickets were sold on Election Day, and a\nlimited number of tickets are still available for sale.\n\nBefore the 2012 inaugural ball, all 5,500 tickets sold out nine minutes before\nmidnight on Election Day.\n\nFitzgerald said ticket sales will cover the cost of the night’s events, but\nthe University has not disclosed the event’s full budget. The ball will be\nheld at the Omni Shoreham Hotel on Inauguration Day from 8 p.m. to midnight.\n\n“The inaugural ball brings the entire GW community together every four years.\nWe look forward to continuing this tradition on Jan. 20,” Fitzgerald said.\n\nStudents purchased tickets for $135 on Election Day, and faculty, staff and\nalumni could buy tickets for $175. Tickets for students now cost $150 and are\navailable for purchase online or at the Lisner Box Office.\n\nSome students who bought their tickets before the election results rolled in\nwant them off their hands, saying they do not want to celebrate Trump’s\npresidency.\n\nMulticultural Greek Council President Clare Lewis said she decided to sell her\ntwo tickets Tuesday night when friends from varying backgrounds expressed fear\nof what Trump’s presidency would mean for the U.S. and the rest of the world.\n\n“I don’t want to celebrate fear,” Lewis said. “I came to see Obama’s\ninauguration and I was really genuinely excited for Hillary’s too. I thought,\nhere is a woman who is smart, savvy and direct, who is going to get things\ndone.”\n\nJunior Mikayla Walker sold two tickets for $100 each Wednesday, each at $50\nless than what they would have cost if purchased from the University at the\nsame time. She said she did not reach out to the University for a refund after\nshe noticed the nonrefundable policy.\n\n“I decided to sell my inaugural ball ticket because I was a Hillary Clinton\nsupporter, but not only that, I am extremely against Donald Trump,” Walker\nsaid. “I just refuse to celebrate for someone who I don’t support.”\n\nFreshman Jasmiine Flores said she would reconsider selling her ticket if she\nfelt that the ball was a send-off for President Barack Obama but that she\nwould not attend it as a celebration for Trump.\n\n“As the daughter of immigrant parents I believe I should not celebrate such\nrecognition for this man nor should I force myself into an environment that\nmakes me feel unsafe,” Flores said.\n\nFrank Fritz, who received a discounted ticket to the ball for $67.50, posted\nin the Facebook event that while he is thankful to the donating families whose\ncontribution made it possible for GW to sell some discounted tickets, he has\ndeclined to accept his.\n\n“As a mixed race man of color, and a human being of conscious, I know that my\nplace is not at this Inaugural Ball,” Fritz said in his statement, which he\nsaid he also sent to officials. “My place is not to normalize his bigotry and\nchicanery, and to participate in this lavish event in his honor would do just\nthat.”\n\nFritz added that Trump’s exacerbation of violence, racial tensions, misogyny,\nclimate denial and nuclear proliferation are the antithesis of what he loves\nabout America.\n\n“His vision of life on this planet is candidly one that I do not think would\nbe worth living,” Fritz said.\n\nOther students posted on the page that they didn’t think reselling tickets was\nthe right move.\n\n“To all of you selling your tickets because Trump won: by choosing to not\nattend this event you are showing him he is winning, not just the election,\nbut that hate is winning over our country. Don’t let him keep you from living\nyour life and experiencing the amazing things our city and our university has\nto offer,” one student posted.\n\nThis article appeared in the November 7, 2016 issue of the Hatchet.\n\nThe Hatchet has disabled comments on our website. Learn more.\n\nMore from the Hatchet\n\n## Bowser ends public health emergency, extends public emergency order\n\nNewsroom Blog\n\nBy Zachary Blackburn Jul 26, 2021 10:11 PM\n\nBowser ended the District’s public health emergency but extended her public\nemergency order Saturday, retaining the power to implement a mask mandate.\n\n## ANC votes to plant new trees along Virginia Avenue amid infrastructure\nimprovements\n\nNewsroom Blog\n\nBy Zachary Blackburn Jul 24, 2021 6:34 PM\n\nThe ANC unanimously called on DDOT to plant trees in the median of Virginia\nAvenue from Rock Creek Parkway to G Street NW during its meeting Wednesday.\n\n## Op-ed: Making a home at GW as a transfer student\n\nOp-eds\n\nBy Kamau Louis Jul 23, 2021 8:48 AM\n\nMy fears of not fitting in and missing home did not come true – I made it\nthrough a pandemic and moving cities, and I’m ready to make my mark at GW.\n\n### Follow Us:\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n * Newsletter\n * RSS\n\n * ## Sections\n\n * News\n * Opinions\n * Culture\n * Sports\n * Photo\n * Video\n * Podcasts\n\n * ## Reader Services\n\n * Email Newsletter\n * Browse Archives\n * Photo Sales\n\n * ## Learn More\n\n * About Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Commenting Policy\n * Publishing Policy\n\n * ## Get in Touch\n\n * Contact Us\n * Join our Team\n * Advertise\n\nCopyright © 2021 Hatchet Publications, Inc. • Proudly Powered by WordPress\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://byrne.house.gov/2017-presidential-inauguration-tickets-zip-authenticated", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170112001157/https://byrne.house.gov/2017-presidential-inauguration-tickets-zip-authenticated", "parsed_text": { "title": "2017 Presidential Inauguration Tickets", "passages": [ "Due to overwhelming demand, my office is no longer taking requests for tickets to the Presidential Inauguration. If you have already placed a request, my office will be in touch with you directly.", "The 58th Presidential Inauguration will occur on Friday, January 20th. Gate opening times have not yet been announced. In order to attend, you must have an official ticket, and all ticket holders will be required to pass through security screening. Due to security and street closings all guests are strongly encouraged to use Metro rail. There will be no public parking near the Capitol grounds. The event, which is held outside, is traditionally quite cold, and guests will likely be outside for at least three hours." ] }, "parsed_md": "2017 Presidential Inauguration Tickets | Representative Bradley Byrne\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## Main menu\n\n * About Bradley\n\n * Biography\n * Committees and Caucuses\n * First District\n\n * My Offices\n * Communities of the 1st District\n * Local Agencies\n * Contact Bradley\n\n * Email Me\n * E-Newsletter Subscription\n * Request a Meeting\n * Town Hall Meetings\n * Social Media\n * Baldwin County Office\n * Mobile Office\n * Washington, DC Office\n * How Can I Help?\n\n * Help with a Federal Agency\n * Internships\n * Flags\n * Congressional Commendations\n * Military Academy Nominations\n * Passports\n * Presidential Greetings\n * Tours and Tickets\n * 2017 Presidential Inauguration Tickets\n * Congressional Art Competition\n * Hurricane Preparedness\n * Newsroom\n\n * Press Releases\n * Bradley's Blog\n * Press Kit\n * Legislation\n\n * Sponsored Legislation\n * Legislative Process\n * On the Issues\n * Voting Record\n * Resources\n\n * Businesses\n * Senior Citizens\n * Veterans\n * Military Personnel\n * Students\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Washington DC Visitors\n * Additional Services and Resources\n\n## Representative Bradley Byrne\n\n###### Representing the 1st District of Alabama\n\n# 2017 Presidential Inauguration Tickets\n\n## addthis\n\nDue to overwhelming demand, my office is no longer taking requests for tickets\nto the Presidential Inauguration. If you have already placed a request, my\noffice will be in touch with you directly.\n\nThe 58th Presidential Inauguration will occur on Friday, January 20th. Gate\nopening times have not yet been announced. In order to attend, you must have\nan official ticket, and all ticket holders will be required to pass through\nsecurity screening. Due to security and street closings all guests are\nstrongly encouraged to use Metro rail. There will be no public parking near\nthe Capitol grounds. The event, which is held outside, is traditionally quite\ncold, and guests will likely be outside for at least three hours.\n\nClick here for more information on the Presidential Inauguration.\n\n## How Can I Help?\n\n * Help with a Federal Agency\n * Internships\n * Flags\n * Congressional Commendations\n * Military Academy Nominations\n * Passports\n * Presidential Greetings\n * Tours and Tickets\n * 2017 Presidential Inauguration Tickets\n * Congressional Art Competition\n * Hurricane Preparedness\n\n## Office Locations\n\nX\n\nWashington, DC Office\n\nBaldwin County Office\n\nMobile Office\n\n * ### Washington, DC Office\n\n119 Cannon House Office Building\n\nWashington, DC 20515\n\nphone: (202) 225-4931 fax: (202) 225-0562\n\n * ### Baldwin County Office\n\nBaldwin County Office\n\n502 West Lee Avenue\n\nSummerdale, AL 36580\n\nPhone: 251-989-2664\n\n * ### Mobile Office\n\nMobile Office\n\n11 N. Water St.\n\nSte. 15290\n\nMobile, AL 36602\n\nPhone: (251) 690-2811\n\n## Click Here for Office Locations\n\n## Stay Connected\n\n## Newsletter Signup\n\n## Footer Utility\n\n * Tools\n * Accessibility\n * Privacy\n * Copyright\n\n" } ]
4,153,144
How To Reprogram Your Brain
To reprogram your brain, spend a week writing down your thoughts as they pop into your head. After the week has passed, analyze the results and look for trends. For example, you might find you are overly negative, too critical, or maybe just unsure of yourself. Then, decide how you would like to think instead and practice consciously replacing negative thoughts with more positive ones. If you find yourself thinking "I'm not good enough," make a mental list of your good qualities. Keep doing this until it becomes natural.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20150103003402/http://inoveryourhead.net:80/how-to-reprogram-your-brain-4-paths-to-more-willpower-in-2011/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160329165233/http://psychology.about.com/od/biopsychology/f/brain-plasticity.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200920121351/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/meditation/in-depth/meditation/art-20045858", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201027150317/https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-8647/5-ways-to-retrain-your-brain-into-a-positive-powerhouse.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170318023359/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/michelle-may-md/reprogram-your-brain_b_5515443.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190915051744/http://www.alwaysgreater.com:80/achievements/how-to-reprogram-your-mind-to-think-positive", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170423055451/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/daniel-fein/how-i-reprogrammed-my-bra_b_1930697.html" ]
train
537
[ { "original_url": "http://inoveryourhead.net:80/how-to-reprogram-your-brain-4-paths-to-more-willpower-in-2011/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150103003402/http://inoveryourhead.net:80/how-to-reprogram-your-brain-4-paths-to-more-willpower-in-2011/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Reprogram Your Brain: 4 Paths to More Willpower in 2011", "passages": [ "From quitting bad habits to pushing through your blocks and reading a book a week, this blog has helped people like you achieve more personal and professional success, one step at a time.", "No, but seriously, you should consider subscribing. I send only the best stuff, and I won’t send your email to any spammers (pharmaceutical vendors, body part enhancers, etc), no matter how nicely they ask.", "Over the past few months, I’ve been talking with Todd Becker, who claims that willpower, eyesight, body weight, and more can be improved through hormesis– a normal biological reaction the body has to short, moderate stress, and which anyone can use to their own advantage.", "By using these reactions to our advantage, he says we can change ourselves into the people we want to be.", "So, for the past few weeks, I’ve been interviewing him– learning why he takes daily cold showers, or abstains from food for up to 30 hours at a time. I’ve also been doing it myself– fasting once a week and more– with great results.", "Why you would expose yourself to stress on purpose? Answer: To have a transformative effect on your mind and make 2011 the year you want it to be. Enter Todd Becker.", "But when you face those fears and take the plunge, you usually find that things aren’t as bad as you imagined. You almost always gain by taking on the new challenge. Even the failures become learning experiences.", "That’s good advice for making one-time changes like leaving a bad job or relationship, starting a new venture, or getting yourself organized. The problem is that it’s only the tip of the iceberg.", "It’s all well and good to bite the bullet and join a health club and start a diet. But can you sustain your efforts past the initial resolve and enthusiasm — or will you inevitably backslide? You can resolve to be more diplomatic at work or more understanding at home, but can you do that when feel stressed out and frustrated, when you’re at your weakest?", "Your reactions to food, people and events can be deep seated, visceral, and automatic. Hunger pangs sabotage your attempts at dieting. A hot temper undercuts your relationships. This often seems to be where “free will” ends and physiology takes over.", "Diet experts advise us to eat frequently to avoid cravings and the risk of bingeing. Drug and alcohol treatment programs like Narconon and AA promote the gospel of lifelong abstinence: once an addict, always an addict. That’s certainly one approach, but it leaves you vulnerable to relapse from the slightest chance encounter with the forbidden fruit.", "Use behavioral science to “re-wire” your urges and your emotional and physiological responses. A century of science shows us how to do this, starting with Ivan Pavlov in the early twentieth century and continuing through to more recent breakthroughs in neuroplasticity, backed up by studies of brain imaging, neurotransmitters and hormone signaling.", "Here’s the key insight. Our emotional and physiological responses are conditioned by cues in our environment, and these cues are often subtle and act synergistically.", "Let’s take the example of appetite for food or the urge to drink. We get hungry at certain times of day, in response to certain aromas, visual cues and even social situations. These cues activate the hormones and neurotransmitters that control our appetite.", "I used to find that just driving up to my house triggered my urge for a cocktail. It was a conditioned response. A similar thing happens when a particular person’s nagging tone of voice can get you riled up.", "It’s enough to make us seem like robots without free will. But the opposite is actually true. Within the last decade, neuroplasticians and behaviorists have found strong support for a radical idea:", "This approach has been developed into a method called cue exposure therapy, a rapid yet long-lasting way to “extinguish” cravings or negative feelings. Among other uses, it has been found to be effective in overcoming drug addictions, with low relapse rates.", "The idea is to expose yourself to the cues that normally trigger the problem response, but without letting it happen. Repeat this enough times and the response eventually dies out.", "Here’s the real meat of it. A study of the most effective elements of cue exposure therapy found four key success factors:", "Alcoholics who detox in articifical hospital settings often relapse. A more effective alternative is to practice avoidance– or even moderate drinking behavior– at the bar and at home. Apply this lesson to dampen your appetite: Expose yourself to different aromas and visual cues in different settings and times of day– without eating. Mix it up.", "Frequent cue exposure leads to more rapid and permanent deconditioning. So plan multiple “sessions” with several unreinforced exposures at each session, and vary the time intervals between sessions.", "This helps prevent “extinction bursts,” where cravings will come back stronger than before. Think of casinos: they know well that unpredictable payout schedules at the slots are a powerful inducement to gambling. Firmy resist these delayed extinction bursts, since they’ll undermine your success.", "Deconditioning works best when addicts don’t merely view and handle their drug, but actually go through the motions of smoking or shooting up without actually ingesting the drug. One very effective thing I did to decondition my own food cravings was to prepare scrumptious meal for family and friends, without partaking myself. They feasted, with some amusement, while I sipped an iced tea itself.", "Extinction works best when addicts replace their habit with an alternative response to stress. Apply this idea the next time you are stuck in traffic or are confronted by a cranky boss. Have an enjoyable CD ready for the traffic slowdown. Actively plan to intently listen to the boss without firing back.", "Finally, reward your success! Whenever you outwit your bad habit, follow up with some pleasant activity. Go for a walk, call a friend, or read a good book. Get creative with this. Plan your training episodes in advance, just as you schedule visits to the gym.", "Check out more of my blog, my free book or add me on twitter. Also, we're hiring. Check that out.", "I like this type of post most of all... I always read your blog but don’t necessarily take much from it. But occasionally you really hit the spot! thanks...", "I needed this, Julien. I’m prone to giving up when things get tough, so these are some good ideas I can use to start a new leaf. Thanks!!!", "Julien, this article is very inspiring. But, I still have a question though. In this article the reprogramming you speak of only aply to, let’s say, habits. But what if your reactions are based on traumatic experiences? What if you are driven by fear, disappointment, anxiety or even anger? How do you reprogram these reactions?", "I have to say, this article gave me a lot of inspiration for a post on my blog. So expect a trackback soon!", "Daan, glad you liked the article! I’ll try to answer your question, which is a very good one. Certainly, it is more challenging to decondition stronger reactions like anxiety and fear, but it can be done successfully if approached gradually and systematically. Exposure and mental rehearsal are key elements of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which has found wide application to treating conditions like anxiety (http://bit.ly/frsciQ), panic attacks (http://bit.ly/gFglga) and even post-traumatic stress disorder (http://bit.ly/eWDWFT). It has also been applied to anger management (http://bit.ly/h2ypY5). CBT often works best with the help of a therapist, but many have done it on their own.", "Great post, would love a follow up with more examples. I’m trying to start the habit of taking a walk every day, how would I use this? Or is it just for eliminating habits?", "Laura, I also like to take daily walks. When practicing intermittent fasting, a short lunchtime walk is a great “meal replacement’, and can be self- reinforcing. While this article was focused on eliminating reactions that interfere with good habits, a similar approach can be used to reinforce those good habits. There are many ways to do that, but the reinforcement should be timely and frequent. A lot of people think reinforcement is just “positive strokes” or “rewards”. It is much more subtle and tricky than that. An excellent book that explains this is Aubrey Daniels’ “Other People’s Habits”. (http://amzn.to/dV4dnZ)", "Running across your writing and consequently this post happened at the perfect time! I have a tendency I am really trying to change (procrastination), and this gives me an actual, solid plan of attack, whereas before I was relying on willpower alone.", "It’s true what they say. Guest blogging IS a way to increase your following. I look forward to learning more. (met your writing @problogger...great work!)", "Paula, to handle procrastination and time management issues you might try a marvelous technique called the “Premack Principle”: When you draw up a to do list for the day, keep it short, but start with your least favorite task (or at least part of it) and end with the most enjoyable one. If you do this enough over a few weeks, it actually increases your pleasure in the least favorite tasks, because the later tasks act as “reinforcers”. It re-wires your reactions. It also makes you work faster on the unpleasant tasks so you can get onto the ones you like more. Try it-it works great!", "You’re not an arrogant guru who thinks he knows the answer to the Universe, but are rather taking your readers along on your journey. I really like reading what a writer has to say to commenter’s posts that are often very heartfelt and honest such as Daan van den Bergh’s earlier in the comments.", "Great post, Julien. I loved your ideas about taking simple steps to practicing self-control, such as the fasting and reading a book a week. Definitely going to be taking a few tips from you.", "Todd, great advice to Paula on procrastination and the to-do list. I will definitely implement that one. The cold showers are another thing :)", "Elle, if you liked that advice there is a much fuller discussion of the Premack Principle at http://bit.ly/dnKsj2 . As far as the cold showers go, the fear of them is 10X worse that actually taking them. It gets far easier after doing it for a week. Even so, I hesitate slightly before getting in, but when I step out after 7 minutes I’m glad I took it, and the feeling persists all day long. The “return on investment” is very high. You have to try it to believe it.", "This is fascinating, as it’s something I’ve thought about a lot, but this post talks about it in more generality than I have ever seen it presented, and I like that.", "One instance of where I’ve seen this play out in my own life is in food: learning to prefer bitter foods to sweet foods, which is a transition that happened over many years, and which I find is also tied to healthy diet preferences (which, thankfully, eventually become automatic so that you don’t require the constant discipline of willpower). A while back I wrote a post on my tea blog – http://bit.ly/9fqhtF – about how drinking tea can change the palate to prefer bitter and aromatic foods.", "i really enjoyed reading your post. i have one question; you mentioned in your post ” Todd Becker, who claims that willpower, eyesight, body weight, and more can be improved through hormesis”. i want to know how can eyesight be imporved by this method. thank you", "Dear Todd Becker, Happy you are taking us along in Your Wonderful Journey. In India, Awareness is a Big Issue. We do not Know, how much God had Blessed. Your Sharing of Knowledge and Experience makes us, an Brain-Opener. You show “We can be, what we want to be”. YOU ARE GREAT. God Bless You 100 x 100 times. P.V.SATHI." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Reprogram Your Brain: 4 Paths to More Willpower in 2011\n\n * Best\n * New\n * About\n * Speak\n * Sub\n * Archive\n\n### 375,000 people visit this blog every month. Subscribe and see why.\n\nFrom quitting bad habits to pushing through your blocks and reading a book a\nweek, this blog has helped people like you achieve more personal and\nprofessional success, one step at a time.\n\nSubscribe for free below and see why so many have done the same.\n\n#### Log in with your email:\n\nForgot your password?\n\nNot signed up? Subscribe now\n\n * Subscribe via RSS\n * Just make this annoying thing go away.\n\nX\n\n# Whoa!\n\n## Damn, this thing is huge!\n\nJust try and make this go away. I dare you.\n\nNo, but seriously, you should consider subscribing. I send only the best\nstuff, and I won’t send your email to any spammers (pharmaceutical vendors,\nbody part enhancers, etc), no matter how nicely they ask.\n\n### Random Links\n\n * Home\n * RSS\n * Try GoDaddy promo code and coupon listing or GoDaddy coupon\n\n# How to Reprogram Your Brain: 4 Paths to More Willpower in 2011\n\nTweet\n\nWhat if there was blueprint to help you break bad habits?\n\nHow would more willpower change you? What would you become capable of?\n\nOver the past few months, I’ve been talking with Todd Becker, who claims that\nwillpower, eyesight, body weight, and more can be improved through hormesis– a\nnormal biological reaction the body has to short, moderate stress, and which\nanyone can use to their own advantage.\n\nBy using these reactions to our advantage, he says we can change ourselves\ninto the people we want to be.\n\nSo, for the past few weeks, I’ve been interviewing him– learning why he takes\ndaily cold showers, or abstains from food for up to 30 hours at a time. I’ve\nalso been doing it myself– fasting once a week and more– with great results.\n\nToday, we’re going to show you how it’s done.\n\nWhy you would expose yourself to stress on purpose? Answer: To have a\ntransformative effect on your mind and make 2011 the year you want it to be.\nEnter Todd Becker.\n\n†\n\n### Positive change doesn’t happen without taking risks.\n\nIt doesn’t happen without facing fears, getting off your butt and taking the\nfirst step.\n\nBut when you face those fears and take the plunge, you usually find that\nthings aren’t as bad as you imagined. You almost always gain by taking on the\nnew challenge. Even the failures become learning experiences.\n\nThat’s good advice for making one-time changes like leaving a bad job or\nrelationship, starting a new venture, or getting yourself organized. The\nproblem is that it’s only the tip of the iceberg.\n\nIt’s all well and good to bite the bullet and join a health club and start a\ndiet. But can you sustain your efforts past the initial resolve and enthusiasm\n— or will you inevitably backslide? You can resolve to be more diplomatic at\nwork or more understanding at home, but can you do that when feel stressed out\nand frustrated, when you’re at your weakest?\n\nTo make lasting changes to your behavior and habits, you often need to change\nthe way you react.\n\nYour reactions to food, people and events can be deep seated, visceral, and\nautomatic. Hunger pangs sabotage your attempts at dieting. A hot temper\nundercuts your relationships. This often seems to be where “free will” ends\nand physiology takes over.\n\nThe conventional wisdom is to accept that we have such “hard wired” responses\nwhile finding ways to sidestep them.\n\nDiet experts advise us to eat frequently to avoid cravings and the risk of\nbingeing. Drug and alcohol treatment programs like Narconon and AA promote the\ngospel of lifelong abstinence: once an addict, always an addict. That’s\ncertainly one approach, but it leaves you vulnerable to relapse from the\nslightest chance encounter with the forbidden fruit.\n\nI think there’s a better way.\n\nUse behavioral science to “re-wire” your urges and your emotional and\nphysiological responses. A century of science shows us how to do this,\nstarting with Ivan Pavlov in the early twentieth century and continuing\nthrough to more recent breakthroughs in neuroplasticity, backed up by studies\nof brain imaging, neurotransmitters and hormone signaling.\n\nHere’s the key insight. Our emotional and physiological responses are\nconditioned by cues in our environment, and these cues are often subtle and\nact synergistically.\n\nLet’s take the example of appetite for food or the urge to drink. We get\nhungry at certain times of day, in response to certain aromas, visual cues and\neven social situations. These cues activate the hormones and neurotransmitters\nthat control our appetite.\n\nI used to find that just driving up to my house triggered my urge for a\ncocktail. It was a conditioned response. A similar thing happens when a\nparticular person’s nagging tone of voice can get you riled up.\n\nIt’s enough to make us seem like robots without free will. But the opposite is\nactually true. Within the last decade, neuroplasticians and behaviorists have\nfound strong support for a radical idea:\n\nOur responses to these environmental cues are not hard-wired. They can be\nchanged, often within a matter of weeks.\n\nThis approach has been developed into a method called cue exposure therapy, a\nrapid yet long-lasting way to “extinguish” cravings or negative feelings.\nAmong other uses, it has been found to be effective in overcoming drug\naddictions, with low relapse rates.\n\nThe idea is to expose yourself to the cues that normally trigger the problem\nresponse, but without letting it happen. Repeat this enough times and the\nresponse eventually dies out.\n\nHere’s the real meat of it. A study of the most effective elements of cue\nexposure therapy found four key success factors:\n\n### 1\\. Make the cue exposure as realistic and varied as possible.\n\nAlcoholics who detox in articifical hospital settings often relapse. A more\neffective alternative is to practice avoidance– or even moderate drinking\nbehavior– at the bar and at home. Apply this lesson to dampen your appetite:\nExpose yourself to different aromas and visual cues in different settings and\ntimes of day– without eating. Mix it up.\n\n### 2\\. Repeat the exposures frequently, and at varying time intervals.\n\nFrequent cue exposure leads to more rapid and permanent deconditioning. So\nplan multiple “sessions” with several unreinforced exposures at each session,\nand vary the time intervals between sessions.\n\nThis helps prevent “extinction bursts,” where cravings will come back stronger\nthan before. Think of casinos: they know well that unpredictable payout\nschedules at the slots are a powerful inducement to gambling. Firmy resist\nthese delayed extinction bursts, since they’ll undermine your success.\n\n### 3\\. Include an active behavioral component.\n\nDeconditioning works best when addicts don’t merely view and handle their\ndrug, but actually go through the motions of smoking or shooting up without\nactually ingesting the drug. One very effective thing I did to decondition my\nown food cravings was to prepare scrumptious meal for family and friends,\nwithout partaking myself. They feasted, with some amusement, while I sipped an\niced tea itself.\n\n### 4\\. Follow up the cues with an alternate response, not just the lack of a\nresponse.\n\nExtinction works best when addicts replace their habit with an alternative\nresponse to stress. Apply this idea the next time you are stuck in traffic or\nare confronted by a cranky boss. Have an enjoyable CD ready for the traffic\nslowdown. Actively plan to intently listen to the boss without firing back.\n\nThink of these actions as training exercises– ways to strengthen your ability\nto handle stress without overreacting.\n\nFinally, reward your success! Whenever you outwit your bad habit, follow up\nwith some pleasant activity. Go for a walk, call a friend, or read a good\nbook. Get creative with this. Plan your training episodes in advance, just as\nyou schedule visits to the gym.\n\nRemember: Willpower is a muscle. Training makes it stronger.\n\nGood luck! And if you’d like more stuff like this, please enter your email\nhere and press enter:\n\nFiled by Julien at 6:00 pm under strategy, training\n\nTweet\n\n#### Hi, I’m Julien Smith. I'm the founder and CEO of Breather.\n\nCheck out more of my blog, my free book or add me on twitter. Also, we're\nhiring. Check that out.\n\n### 22 Responses to “How to Reprogram Your Brain: 4 Paths to More Willpower in\n2011”\n\n 1. Rosie Says:\n\nDecember 16th, 2010 at 9:05 pm\n\nI like this type of post most of all... I always read your blog but don’t\nnecessarily take much from it. But occasionally you really hit the spot!\nthanks...\n\nReply\n\n 2. Danielle Says:\n\nDecember 16th, 2010 at 11:02 pm\n\nI needed this, Julien. I’m prone to giving up when things get tough, so these\nare some good ideas I can use to start a new leaf. Thanks!!!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Daan van den Bergh Says:\n\nDecember 17th, 2010 at 4:12 am\n\nJulien, this article is very inspiring. But, I still have a question though.\nIn this article the reprogramming you speak of only aply to, let’s say,\nhabits. But what if your reactions are based on traumatic experiences? What if\nyou are driven by fear, disappointment, anxiety or even anger? How do you\nreprogram these reactions?\n\nI’m looking forward to your answer.\n\nI have to say, this article gave me a lot of inspiration for a post on my\nblog. So expect a trackback soon!\n\nThnx again,\n\nDaan\n\nReply\n\n 4. Todd Becker Says:\n\nDecember 17th, 2010 at 10:23 am\n\nDaan, glad you liked the article! I’ll try to answer your question, which is a\nvery good one. Certainly, it is more challenging to decondition stronger\nreactions like anxiety and fear, but it can be done successfully if approached\ngradually and systematically. Exposure and mental rehearsal are key elements\nof Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which has found wide application to\ntreating conditions like anxiety (http://bit.ly/frsciQ), panic attacks\n(http://bit.ly/gFglga) and even post-traumatic stress disorder\n(http://bit.ly/eWDWFT). It has also been applied to anger management\n(http://bit.ly/h2ypY5). CBT often works best with the help of a therapist, but\nmany have done it on their own.\n\nI look forward to seeing your upcoming post!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Laura Roeder Says:\n\nDecember 17th, 2010 at 10:44 am\n\nGreat post, would love a follow up with more examples. I’m trying to start the\nhabit of taking a walk every day, how would I use this? Or is it just for\neliminating habits?\n\nReply\n\n 6. Everett Bogue Says:\n\nDecember 17th, 2010 at 11:06 am\n\nTurn off your fucking comments.\n\nReply\n\n * Julien Says:\n\nDecember 17th, 2010 at 12:00 pm\n\nLol @Ev\n\nReply\n\n 7. Todd Becker Says:\n\nDecember 17th, 2010 at 11:31 am\n\nLaura, I also like to take daily walks. When practicing intermittent fasting,\na short lunchtime walk is a great “meal replacement’, and can be self-\nreinforcing. While this article was focused on eliminating reactions that\ninterfere with good habits, a similar approach can be used to reinforce those\ngood habits. There are many ways to do that, but the reinforcement should be\ntimely and frequent. A lot of people think reinforcement is just “positive\nstrokes” or “rewards”. It is much more subtle and tricky than that. An\nexcellent book that explains this is Aubrey Daniels’ “Other People’s Habits”.\n(http://amzn.to/dV4dnZ)\n\nReply\n\n 8. gee Says:\n\nDecember 17th, 2010 at 11:48 am\n\nthe background on your blog makes it nearly impossible to read!!!\n\nReply\n\n 9. Nico Says:\n\nDecember 17th, 2010 at 7:00 pm\n\nNah, I think you should keep the comments, Jules. Unless you’re afraid of\npeople disagreeing with you.\n\nReply\n\n 10. Paula Lee Bright Says:\n\nDecember 18th, 2010 at 12:22 pm\n\nRunning across your writing and consequently this post happened at the perfect\ntime! I have a tendency I am really trying to change (procrastination), and\nthis gives me an actual, solid plan of attack, whereas before I was relying on\nwillpower alone.\n\nIt’s true what they say. Guest blogging IS a way to increase your following. I\nlook forward to learning more. (met your writing @problogger...great work!)\n\nReply\n\n 11. Todd Becker Says:\n\nDecember 18th, 2010 at 4:15 pm\n\nPaula, to handle procrastination and time management issues you might try a\nmarvelous technique called the “Premack Principle”: When you draw up a to do\nlist for the day, keep it short, but start with your least favorite task (or\nat least part of it) and end with the most enjoyable one. If you do this\nenough over a few weeks, it actually increases your pleasure in the least\nfavorite tasks, because the later tasks act as “reinforcers”. It re-wires your\nreactions. It also makes you work faster on the unpleasant tasks so you can\nget onto the ones you like more. Try it-it works great!\n\nReply\n\n 12. John McLachlan Says:\n\nDecember 18th, 2010 at 4:17 pm\n\nAnswer your fucking comments. LOL.\n\nYou’re not an arrogant guru who thinks he knows the answer to the Universe,\nbut are rather taking your readers along on your journey. I really like\nreading what a writer has to say to commenter’s posts that are often very\nheartfelt and honest such as Daan van den Bergh’s earlier in the comments.\n\nDon’t drop the comments and don’t stop answer at least some of them. Just my 2\ncents.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Zach Cole Says:\n\nDecember 19th, 2010 at 12:02 am\n\nGreat post, Julien. I loved your ideas about taking simple steps to practicing\nself-control, such as the fasting and reading a book a week. Definitely going\nto be taking a few tips from you.\n\nZach\n\nReply\n\n 14. ella Says:\n\nDecember 19th, 2010 at 1:04 pm\n\nOne question: how do I get rid of the damn baby that keeps crawling across my\nceiling?\n\nReply\n\n 15. Elle B Says:\n\nDecember 23rd, 2010 at 12:17 am\n\nTodd, great advice to Paula on procrastination and the to-do list. I will\ndefinitely implement that one. The cold showers are another thing :)\n\nReply\n\n 16. Todd Becker Says:\n\nDecember 23rd, 2010 at 12:53 am\n\nElle, if you liked that advice there is a much fuller discussion of the\nPremack Principle at http://bit.ly/dnKsj2 . As far as the cold showers go, the\nfear of them is 10X worse that actually taking them. It gets far easier after\ndoing it for a week. Even so, I hesitate slightly before getting in, but when\nI step out after 7 minutes I’m glad I took it, and the feeling persists all\nday long. The “return on investment” is very high. You have to try it to\nbelieve it.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Alex Zorach Says:\n\nJanuary 5th, 2011 at 3:45 pm\n\nThis is fascinating, as it’s something I’ve thought about a lot, but this post\ntalks about it in more generality than I have ever seen it presented, and I\nlike that.\n\nOne instance of where I’ve seen this play out in my own life is in food:\nlearning to prefer bitter foods to sweet foods, which is a transition that\nhappened over many years, and which I find is also tied to healthy diet\npreferences (which, thankfully, eventually become automatic so that you don’t\nrequire the constant discipline of willpower). A while back I wrote a post on\nmy tea blog – http://bit.ly/9fqhtF – about how drinking tea can change the\npalate to prefer bitter and aromatic foods.\n\nPerhaps this process could be sped up, using the tips here?\n\nReply\n\n 18. Dr. G Says:\n\nJanuary 19th, 2011 at 3:16 am\n\nwillpower it’s not like a muscle, it’s something limited.\n\ni recommend Switch for more details\n\nReply\n\n 19. Neetika Jain Says:\n\nJanuary 20th, 2011 at 6:48 am\n\ni really enjoyed reading your post. i have one question; you mentioned in your\npost ” Todd Becker, who claims that willpower, eyesight, body weight, and more\ncan be improved through hormesis”. i want to know how can eyesight be imporved\nby this method. thank you\n\nReply\n\n 20. Stephen Says:\n\nJanuary 28th, 2012 at 12:32 pm\n\nThese techniques carry a lot of potential.\n\nReply\n\n 21. P.V.SATHI Says:\n\nFebruary 19th, 2013 at 9:08 am\n\nDear Todd Becker, Happy you are taking us along in Your Wonderful Journey. In\nIndia, Awareness is a Big Issue. We do not Know, how much God had Blessed.\nYour Sharing of Knowledge and Experience makes us, an Brain-Opener. You show\n“We can be, what we want to be”. YOU ARE GREAT. God Bless You 100 x 100 times.\nP.V.SATHI.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://psychology.about.com/od/biopsychology/f/brain-plasticity.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160329165233/http://psychology.about.com/od/biopsychology/f/brain-plasticity.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Brain Plasticity: How Experience Changes the Brain", "passages": [ "Brain plasticity, also known as neuroplasticity, is a term that refers to the brain's ability to change and adapt as a result of experience. When people say that the brain possesses plasticity, they are not suggesting that the brain is similar to plastic. Neuro represents neurons, the nerve cells that are the building blocks of the brain and nervous system, and plasticity refers to the brain's malleability.", "Up until the 1960s, researchers believed that changes in the brain could only take place during infancy and childhood. By early adulthood, it was believed that the brain's physical structure was mostly permanent.", "Modern research has demonstrated that the brain continues to create new neural pathways and alter existing ones in order to adapt to new experiences, learn new information and create new memories.", "In his book The Principles of Psychology, he wrote, \"Organic matter, especially nervous tissue, seems endowed with a very extraordinary degree of plasticity.\" However, this idea went largely ignored for many years.", "In the 1920s, researcher Karl Lashley provided evidence of changes in the neural pathways of rhesus monkeys. By the 1960s, researchers began to explore cases in which older adults who had suffered massive strokes were able to regain functioning, demonstrating that the brain was much more malleable than previously believed. Modern researchers have also found evidence that the brain is able to rewire itself following damage.", "In his book The Brain that Chances Itself: Stories of Personal Triumph from the Frontiers of Brain Science, Norman Doidge suggests that this belief that the brain was incapable of change primarily stemmed from three major sources. First was the ancient belief that the brain was much like an extraordinary machine, capable of astonishing things yet incapable of growth and change. Second was the observation that people who had suffered from serious brain damage were often unable to recover. Finally, the inability to actually observe the microscopic activities of the brain played a role in the idea that the brain was relatively fixed.", "Thanks to modern advances in technology, researchers are able to get a never- before-possible look at the brain's inner workings. As the study of modern neuroscience flourished, researchers demonstrated that people are not limited to the mental abilities they are born with and that damaged brains are often quite capable of remarkable change.", "The human brain is composed of approximately 86 billion neurons. Early researchers believed that neurogenesis, or the creation of new neurons, stopped shortly after birth. Today, it is understood that the brain possesses the remarkable capacity to reorganize pathways, create new connections and, in some cases, even create new neurons.", "It can vary by age; while plasticity occurs throughout the lifetime, certain types of changes are more predominant during specific life ages. The brain tends to change a great deal during the early years of life, for example, as the immature brain grows and organizes itself. Generally, young brain's tend to be more sensitive and responsive to experiences than much older brains.", "It involves a variety of processes; plasticity is ongoing throughout life and involves brain cells other than neurons, including glial and vascular cells.", "It can happen for two different reasons; as a result of learning, experience and memory formation, or as a result of damage to the brain. While people used to believe that the brain became fixed after a certain age, newer research has revealed that the brain never stops changing in response to learning. In instances of damage to the brain, such as during a stroke, the areas of the brain associated with certain functions may be damaged. Eventually, healthy parts of the brain may take over those functions and the abilities can be restored.", "Environment plays an essential role in the process, but genetics can also have an influence. The interaction between the environment and genetics also plays a role in shaping the brain's plasticity.", "Brain plasticity is not always good. Brain changes are often seen as improvements, but this is not always the case. In some instances, the brain might be influenced by psychoactive substances or pathological conditions that can lead to detrimental effects on the brain and behavior.", "Functional Plasticity: Refers to the brain's ability to move functions from a damaged area of the brain to other undamaged areas.", "The first few years of a child's life are a time of rapid brain growth. At birth, every neuron in the cerebral cortex has an estimated 2,500 synapses; by age of three, this number has grown to a whopping 15,000 synapses per neuron.", "The average adult, however, has about half that number of synapses. Why? Because as we gain new experiences, some connections are strengthened while others are eliminated. This process is known as synaptic pruning. Neurons that are used frequently develop stronger connections and those that are rarely or never used eventually die. By developing new connections and pruning away weak ones, the brain is able to adapt to the changing environment.", "_Kolb, B., & Gibb, R. (2011). Brain plasticity and behaviour in the developing brain. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 20(4), 265-276." ] }, "parsed_md": "Brain Plasticity: How Experience Changes the Brain\n\n * About.com\n * Autos\n * Careers\n * Dating & Relationships\n * Education\n * en Español\n * Entertainment\n * Food\n * Health\n * Home\n * Money\n * News & Issues\n * Parenting\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports\n * Style\n * Tech\n * Travel\n\n * 1\n\nWhat Is Brain Plasticity?\n\n * 2\n\n10 Quick Facts About the Brain\n\n * 3\n\nAdult Neurogenesis: Can We Grow New Brain Cells...\n\n * 4\n\nDoes Drinking Alcohol Really Kill Brain Cells?\n\n * 5\n\nHow Many Neurons Are in the Brain?\n\n * About.com\n * About Health\n * Psychology\n * . . .\n * Cognitive Psychology\n * Neuroscience and Biological Psychology\n\n# What Is Brain Plasticity?\n\nAdvertisement\n\nS. T. Yiap / Getty Images\n\nBy Kendra Cherry\n\nPsychology Expert\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nTweet\n\nSubmit\n\nStumble\n\nPost\n\nShare\n\nBy Kendra Cherry\n\nWritten or medically reviewed by a board-certified physician. See About.com's\nMedical Review Policy.\n\nUpdated December 14, 2015.\n\nBrain plasticity, also known as neuroplasticity, is a term that refers to the\nbrain's ability to change and adapt as a result of experience. When people say\nthat the brain possesses plasticity, they are not suggesting that the brain is\nsimilar to plastic. Neuro represents neurons, the nerve cells that are the\nbuilding blocks of the brain and nervous system, and plasticity refers to the\nbrain's malleability.\n\nUp until the 1960s, researchers believed that changes in the brain could only\ntake place during infancy and childhood. By early adulthood, it was believed\nthat the brain's physical structure was mostly permanent.\n\nModern research has demonstrated that the brain continues to create new neural\npathways and alter existing ones in order to adapt to new experiences, learn\nnew information and create new memories.\n\n### History and Research on Brain Plasticity\n\nPsychologist William James suggested that the brain was perhaps not as\nunchanging as previously believed way back in 1890.\n\nIn his book The Principles of Psychology, he wrote, \"Organic matter,\nespecially nervous tissue, seems endowed with a very extraordinary degree of\nplasticity.\" However, this idea went largely ignored for many years.\n\nIn the 1920s, researcher Karl Lashley provided evidence of changes in the\nneural pathways of rhesus monkeys. By the 1960s, researchers began to explore\ncases in which older adults who had suffered massive strokes were able to\nregain functioning, demonstrating that the brain was much more malleable than\npreviously believed. Modern researchers have also found evidence that the\nbrain is able to rewire itself following damage.\n\nIn his book The Brain that Chances Itself: Stories of Personal Triumph from\nthe Frontiers of Brain Science, Norman Doidge suggests that this belief that\nthe brain was incapable of change primarily stemmed from three major sources.\nFirst was the ancient belief that the brain was much like an extraordinary\nmachine, capable of astonishing things yet incapable of growth and change.\nSecond was the observation that people who had suffered from serious brain\ndamage were often unable to recover. Finally, the inability to actually\nobserve the microscopic activities of the brain played a role in the idea that\nthe brain was relatively fixed.\n\nThanks to modern advances in technology, researchers are able to get a never-\nbefore-possible look at the brain's inner workings. As the study of modern\nneuroscience flourished, researchers demonstrated that people are not limited\nto the mental abilities they are born with and that damaged brains are often\nquite capable of remarkable change.\n\n### How Does Brain Plasticity Work?\n\nThe human brain is composed of approximately 86 billion neurons. Early\nresearchers believed that neurogenesis, or the creation of new neurons,\nstopped shortly after birth. Today, it is understood that the brain possesses\nthe remarkable capacity to reorganize pathways, create new connections and, in\nsome cases, even create new neurons.\n\nThere are are a few defining characteristics of neuroplasticity:\n\n 1. It can vary by age; while plasticity occurs throughout the lifetime, certain types of changes are more predominant during specific life ages. The brain tends to change a great deal during the early years of life, for example, as the immature brain grows and organizes itself. Generally, young brain's tend to be more sensitive and responsive to experiences than much older brains.\n 2. It involves a variety of processes; plasticity is ongoing throughout life and involves brain cells other than neurons, including glial and vascular cells.\n 3. It can happen for two different reasons; as a result of learning, experience and memory formation, or as a result of damage to the brain. While people used to believe that the brain became fixed after a certain age, newer research has revealed that the brain never stops changing in response to learning. In instances of damage to the brain, such as during a stroke, the areas of the brain associated with certain functions may be damaged. Eventually, healthy parts of the brain may take over those functions and the abilities can be restored.\n 4. Environment plays an essential role in the process, but genetics can also have an influence. The interaction between the environment and genetics also plays a role in shaping the brain's plasticity.\n 5. Brain plasticity is not always good. Brain changes are often seen as improvements, but this is not always the case. In some instances, the brain might be influenced by psychoactive substances or pathological conditions that can lead to detrimental effects on the brain and behavior.\n\n### Types of Brain Plasticity\n\n * Functional Plasticity: Refers to the brain's ability to move functions from a damaged area of the brain to other undamaged areas.\n * Structural Plasticity: Refers to the brain's ability to actually change its physical structure as a result of learning.\n\nThe first few years of a child's life are a time of rapid brain growth. At\nbirth, every neuron in the cerebral cortex has an estimated 2,500 synapses; by\nage of three, this number has grown to a whopping 15,000 synapses per neuron.\n\nThe average adult, however, has about half that number of synapses. Why?\nBecause as we gain new experiences, some connections are strengthened while\nothers are eliminated. This process is known as synaptic pruning. Neurons that\nare used frequently develop stronger connections and those that are rarely or\nnever used eventually die. By developing new connections and pruning away weak\nones, the brain is able to adapt to the changing environment.\n\n_References\n\n_Doidge, Norman (2007). The Brain That Changes Itself: Stories of Personal\nTriumph from the frontiers of brain science. New York: Viking.\n\n_Gopnic, A., Meltzoff, A., Kuhl, P. (1999). The Scientist in the Crib: What\nEarly Learning Tells Us About the Mind, New York, NY: HarperCollins\nPublishers.\n\n_Kolb, B., & Gibb, R. (2011). Brain plasticity and behaviour in the developing\nbrain. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.\n20(4), 265-276.\n\n_Hockenbury, D., & Hockenbury, S. E. (2007). Discovering Psychology. New York,\nNY: Worth Publishers.\n\n_Neuroscience for Kids. (n.d.) Brain plasticity: What is it.\nhttp://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/plast.html\n\n##### Related\n\n * Do Brain Cells Regenerate?\n * 10 Quick Facts About the Brain\n * Adult Neurogenesis: Can We Really Grow New Brain Cells?\n * Does Drinking Alcohol Really Kill Brain Cells?\n\n##### More from the Web\n\nPowered By ZergNet\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##### Sign Up for Our Free Newsletters\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n##### Psychology Categories\n\n * Psychology Dictionary: Terms from A to Z\n * Branches of Psychology\n * Psychology 101: The Basics\n * Careers in Psychology\n * Psychology Quizzes\n * Behavioral Psychology\n * Personality Psychology\n * Developmental Psychology\n * Cognitive Psychology\n * Social Psychology\n * History of Psychology\n * Psychology Research Methods\n * Psychotherapy\n * Academic Resources for Psychology Students\n * Psychology Basics\n * Psychology Theories\n * Psychology Experiments and Research Methods\n * Updated Articles and Resources\n * Expert Videos\n\nView More\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAbout Health Follow us:\n\n##### We deliver. Get the best of About Health in your inbox.\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n * Our Story\n * Advertise With Us\n * Site Map\n * Help\n\n * Write for About\n * Careers at About\n * Terms of Use & Policies\n\n© 2016 About.com — All rights reserved.\n\nAlso from About.com: Calorie Count\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/meditation/in-depth/meditation/art-20045858", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200920121351/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/meditation/in-depth/meditation/art-20045858", "parsed_text": { "title": "Meditation: Take a stress-reduction break wherever you are", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Meditation: Take a stress-reduction break wherever you are - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-8647/5-ways-to-retrain-your-brain-into-a-positive-powerhouse.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201027150317/https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-8647/5-ways-to-retrain-your-brain-into-a-positive-powerhouse.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "5 Ways To Retrain Your Brain Into A Positive Powerhouse", "passages": [ "If you've never taken the time to monitor your thoughts, go ahead and give it a try. Your brain is going to think whether you're aware of it or not, and if you spend just 10 minutes monitoring your thoughts, you might be surprised by how negative you can be.", "We think anything from, “Oh, why am I at work on such a beautiful day?” to “My sister hasn’t called me yet... I hope she’s ok”. Basically, we're habitually negative without even realizing it. The power of positive thinking has been studied, talked about and documented time and again. But how do we stop ourselves from thinking negative thoughts if we don’t even realize it's happening?", "The answer: train your brain. At one point, we trained our brains to think the way they do. The good news is that we can retrain ourselves to think positively. Here are five tips to make sure you're using your 70,000 thoughts in a positive manner:", "Even if it is just for 10 minutes. After all, you can’t fix a problem you don’t know about. Once you observe your thinking, you will know where to start.", "In the morning, decide on a mantra.You'll repeat it silently to yourself as you go about your day. Maybe it’s something as simple as “Today is beautiful” or “I'm a happy person.” Using a mantra will not only give you something positive to think about, but it also takes up time your brain might otherwise use for negative thoughts.", "In today’s technologically based society, there’s an app for everything—including positive thinking. Check out these five meditation apps to help you find your inner calm.", "All of us have one thought that dominates our mind. For some, it’s that extra 10 pounds we have been working diligently to get off. For others, finances can weigh us down. Take that main issue and turn it into an affirmation. Instead of focusing on the extra weight, say to your self, “I'm beautiful just the way I am.” No, it won’t make that pesky 10 pounds come off, but it will give you confidence and motivation.", "On one of those off days, sit down with a piece of paper and come up with five things you're grateful for. Is the A/C in your car the perfect remedy for the summer heat? Are you reading a good book? Believe it or not, all these things and more are something to be grateful for. Making a gratitude list can alter your mood and keep you focused on the positive in life." ] }, "parsed_md": "5 Ways To Retrain Your Brain Into A Positive Powerhouse\n\n# mindbodygreen\n\nClose Ad\n\nMental Health\n\n# 5 Ways To Retrain Your Brain Into A Positive Powerhouse\n\nWritten by Nicole Graham\n\nImage by BONNINSTUDIO / Stocksy\n\nLast updated on August 20, 2019\n\nShare on:\n\nShare on:\n\nIf you've never taken the time to monitor your thoughts, go ahead and give it\na try. Your brain is going to think whether you're aware of it or not, and if\nyou spend just 10 minutes monitoring your thoughts, you might be surprised by\nhow negative you can be.\n\nWe think anything from, “Oh, why am I at work on such a beautiful day?” to “My\nsister hasn’t called me yet... I hope she’s ok”. Basically, we're habitually\nnegative without even realizing it. The power of positive thinking has been\nstudied, talked about and documented time and again. But how do we stop\nourselves from thinking negative thoughts if we don’t even realize it's\nhappening?\n\nThe answer: train your brain. At one point, we trained our brains to think the\nway they do. The good news is that we can retrain ourselves to think\npositively. Here are five tips to make sure you're using your 70,000 thoughts\nin a positive manner:\n\n## 1\\. Observe your thoughts.\n\nEven if it is just for 10 minutes. After all, you can’t fix a problem you\ndon’t know about. Once you observe your thinking, you will know where to\nstart.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 2\\. Choose a mantra for the day.\n\nIn the morning, decide on a mantra.You'll repeat it silently to yourself as\nyou go about your day. Maybe it’s something as simple as “Today is beautiful”\nor “I'm a happy person.” Using a mantra will not only give you something\npositive to think about, but it also takes up time your brain might otherwise\nuse for negative thoughts.\n\n## 3\\. Use an app.\n\nIn today’s technologically based society, there’s an app for\neverything—including positive thinking. Check out these five meditation apps\nto help you find your inner calm.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 4\\. Transform a negative into a positive.\n\nAll of us have one thought that dominates our mind. For some, it’s that extra\n10 pounds we have been working diligently to get off. For others, finances can\nweigh us down. Take that main issue and turn it into an affirmation. Instead\nof focusing on the extra weight, say to your self, “I'm beautiful just the way\nI am.” No, it won’t make that pesky 10 pounds come off, but it will give you\nconfidence and motivation.\n\n## 5\\. Make a gratitude list.\n\nOn one of those off days, sit down with a piece of paper and come up with five\nthings you're grateful for. Is the A/C in your car the perfect remedy for the\nsummer heat? Are you reading a good book? Believe it or not, all these things\nand more are something to be grateful for. Making a gratitude list can alter\nyour mood and keep you focused on the positive in life.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nNicole Graham\n\nNicole Graham is a Tampa Bay based freelance writer. She covers topics\nregarding Higher Education, Health and Wellness, and Parenting.\n\n# More On This Topic\n\nIntegrative Health\n\n## What To Do If Your Partner's Snoring Keeps Waking You Up At Night\n\nSarah Regan\n\nIntegrative Health\n\n## How This Nutritional Psychiatrist Used Food To Cope With Breast Cancer\n\nUma Naidoo, M.D.\n\n$29.99\n\n## How To Create More Happiness\n\nWith Charlie Knoles\n\nBeauty\n\n## Studies Show Hair Loss Is More Common Right Now — Here's Why & What To Do\n\nAlexandra Engler\n\nMental Health\n\n## Your Dreams May Be A Clue To How COVID Stress Is Affecting You\n\nKelly Gonsalves\n\nBeauty\n\n## 8 Ways To Treat An Oily T-Zone Without Turning Your Face Into The Sahara\n\nAlexandra Engler\n\nMore Health\n\n# Popular Stories\n\n * Anti-Inflammatory Diet: 11 Food Rules\n * Everything You Need To Know About Kundalini Yoga\n * Ketogenic Diet Foods: How To Go On A Ketogenic Diet (And Why)\n * Magnesium Deficiency 101\n * Can You Eat Too Much Avocado?\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# Latest Articles\n\nRecipes\n\n## This One-Skillet Dinner Has Nutrient-Dense Sweet Potatoes & Salmon\n\nEliza Sullivan\n\nFunctional Food\n\n## I'm A Functional Medicine Expert & These Are The Teas I Drink Daily\n\nWilliam Cole, D.C., IFMCP\n\nSpirituality\n\n## The Line Of Your Zodiac Chart That Can Forecast Your Ideal Career\n\nSarah Regan\n\nSocial Good\n\n## 7 Expert-Backed Tips For Spending A Long Time In The Poll Lines\n\nEliza Sullivan\n\nSpirituality\n\n## Time To Get Clear: How Chakra Exercises Can Enhance Intuition\n\nLesley Phillips Ph.D.\n\nSpirituality\n\n## A Neuroscientist Explains How The Law Of Attraction Actually Works\n\nSarah Regan\n\nLatest Articles\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# Sites We Love\n\nhttps://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-8647/5-ways-to-retrain-your-brain-into-a-\npositive-powerhouse.html\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# Popular Stories\n\n * Anti-Inflammatory Diet: 11 Food Rules\n * Everything You Need To Know About Kundalini Yoga\n * Ketogenic Diet Foods: How To Go On A Ketogenic Diet (And Why)\n * Magnesium Deficiency 101\n * Can You Eat Too Much Avocado?\n\n# Picks For You\n\nFunctional Food\n\n## I'm A Functional Medicine Expert & These Are The Teas I Drink Daily\n\nWilliam Cole, D.C., IFMCP\n\nSocial Good\n\n## 7 Expert-Backed Tips For Spending A Long Time In The Poll Lines\n\nEliza Sullivan\n\nIntegrative Health\n\n## How This Nutritional Psychiatrist Used Food To Cope With Breast Cancer\n\nUma Naidoo, M.D.\n\nAll News\n\nIn order to save this article, you will need to Log In or Sign Up!\n\nClose\n\n * About Us\n * Contact\n * Write For Us\n * Jobs\n * Advertise\n * Become an Affiliate\n * Collective\n\n * Social media share instagram\n * Social media share facebook\n * Social media share twitter\n * Social media share pinterest\n * Social media share youtube\n\n * Terms of Sale\n * Terms of Use\n * Disclaimer\n * Privacy Policy\n * Data Collection\n\n# Rise with us daily\n\n## You are now subscribed\n\nBe on the lookout for a welcome email in your inbox!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/michelle-may-md/reprogram-your-brain_b_5515443.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170318023359/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/michelle-may-md/reprogram-your-brain_b_5515443.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Reprogram Your Brain", "passages": [ "We live in a food-abundant environment. From break rooms to advertising, we are bombarded with food, images of food, and talk about food. For some of us, these exposures set off a chain reaction of thoughts and feelings, conflict and struggle, and sometimes overeating.", "It's essential to realize that what you think causes you to feel a certain way. That in turn causes you to do certain things that ultimately lead to specific results. It's a chain reaction we call TFAR: Your Thoughts lead to your Feelings, which lead to your Actions, which lead to your Results. Your results reinforce your initial thoughts so they become self-fulfilling prophecies. After proving yourself right over and over again, your thoughts become beliefs. Beliefs then become automatic thoughts that drive your behaviors. In other words, habits.", "It's common for people to try to change the actions and results they don't like without first recognizing and dealing with the beliefs, thoughts, and feelings that led to those unwanted actions and results in the first place. If you don't like your results, ask yourself what you were thinking first.", "Granted, it's not always easy to recognize when a thought is driving unwanted results, especially if you've been thinking a particular way for a long time. Thinking thoughts that lead to undesirable results is a habit. Habits can be changed through mindfulness.", "Many people react mindlessly to their thoughts. In other words, they re-act, repeating past actions again and again, feeling powerless to change. For many people, eating is a mindless reaction to their unrecognized or unexamined thoughts. However, your thoughts are just thoughts. Thinking a thought doesn't make it true or important, or require you to act on it. In fact, a thought doesn't even need to provoke a specific feeling.", "Mindfulness is awareness of what is happening in the present moment, including awareness of thoughts, without any attachment to whatever you notice. Mindfulness is helpful because it creates space between thoughts and actions. By increasing your awareness of your thoughts, you can begin to break old automatic or habitual chain reactions between your triggers, thoughts, feelings, and actions.", "Each time you choose not to activate your old trigger-thought-feeling-action- result sequence, you weaken the connections. Further, each time you choose a different action, you program new connections. With repetition, you'll hard wire these new programs so your new thoughts and responses become your new habits." ] }, "parsed_md": "Reprogram Your Brain | The Huffington Post\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\nعربي (Arabi) Australia Brasil Canada Deutschland España France Ελλάδα (Greece)\nIndia\n\nItalia 日本 (Japan) 한국 (Korea) Maghreb México Québec (En Francais) South Africa\nUnited Kingdom United States\n\nTHE BLOG\n\n06/20/2014 04:45 pm ET | Updated Aug 20, 2014\n\n# Reprogram Your Brain\n\nBy Michelle May, M.D.\n\nWe live in a food-abundant environment. From break rooms to advertising, we\nare bombarded with food, images of food, and talk about food. For some of us,\nthese exposures set off a chain reaction of thoughts and feelings, conflict\nand struggle, and sometimes overeating.\n\nAnd it all starts with a thought.\n\nHow Thoughts Become Habits\n\nIt's essential to realize that what you think causes you to feel a certain\nway. That in turn causes you to do certain things that ultimately lead to\nspecific results. It's a chain reaction we call TFAR: Your Thoughts lead to\nyour Feelings, which lead to your Actions, which lead to your Results. Your\nresults reinforce your initial thoughts so they become self-fulfilling\nprophecies. After proving yourself right over and over again, your thoughts\nbecome beliefs. Beliefs then become automatic thoughts that drive your\nbehaviors. In other words, habits.\n\nIt's common for people to try to change the actions and results they don't\nlike without first recognizing and dealing with the beliefs, thoughts, and\nfeelings that led to those unwanted actions and results in the first place. If\nyou don't like your results, ask yourself what you were thinking first.\n\nGranted, it's not always easy to recognize when a thought is driving unwanted\nresults, especially if you've been thinking a particular way for a long time.\nThinking thoughts that lead to undesirable results is a habit. Habits can be\nchanged through mindfulness.\n\nHow Mindfulness Helps Reprogram Your Thoughts\n\nMany people react mindlessly to their thoughts. In other words, they re-act,\nrepeating past actions again and again, feeling powerless to change. For many\npeople, eating is a mindless reaction to their unrecognized or unexamined\nthoughts. However, your thoughts are just thoughts. Thinking a thought doesn't\nmake it true or important, or require you to act on it. In fact, a thought\ndoesn't even need to provoke a specific feeling.\n\nMindfulness is awareness of what is happening in the present moment, including\nawareness of thoughts, without any attachment to whatever you notice.\nMindfulness is helpful because it creates space between thoughts and actions.\nBy increasing your awareness of your thoughts, you can begin to break old\nautomatic or habitual chain reactions between your triggers, thoughts,\nfeelings, and actions.\n\nEach time you choose not to activate your old trigger-thought-feeling-action-\nresult sequence, you weaken the connections. Further, each time you choose a\ndifferent action, you program new connections. With repetition, you'll hard\nwire these new programs so your new thoughts and responses become your new\nhabits.\n\nFollow Michelle May, M.D. on Twitter: www.twitter.com/EatWhatYouLove\n\nMichelle May, M.D. Author, 'Eat What You Love, Love What You Eat' book series;\nFounder, Am I Hungry? Mindful Eating Programs and Training\n\n## MORE:\n\nMindfulness Habits Thoughts Tfar Awareness\n\nClose\n\nSUBSCRIBE TO & FOLLOW LIFESTYLE\n\nWe’re basically your best friend... with better taste. Learn more\n\nNewsletter\n\n * 802 K\n * 337 K\n * 473 K\n * Podcast\n * Add us on Snapchat\n\nReprogram Your Brain\n\nNEW! HIGHLIGHT AND SHARE\n\nHighlight text to share via Facebook and Twitter\n\n * Advertise\n * RSS\n * Careers\n * FAQ\n\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy\n * Comment Policy\n * About Us\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * Archive\n\nCopyright © 2017 TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. \"The Huffington Post\" is a\nregistered trademark of TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost Lifestyle\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.alwaysgreater.com:80/achievements/how-to-reprogram-your-mind-to-think-positive", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190915051744/http://www.alwaysgreater.com:80/achievements/how-to-reprogram-your-mind-to-think-positive", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Rewire Your Brain For Positivity: 4 Steps", "passages": [ "I am tired of dealing with negative thinking. Is it possible to rewire your brain to think positive instead of negative? And, if so, how can I rewire my brain to think positive thoughts?", "In the next few minutes, you will learn the answers to these questions, and you will completely understand how you can rewire your brain to think positively.", "Let's say that it is natural and normal for you to think negative thoughts, because your brain automatically generates this kind of negative thinking.", "And let's say you want to change this. Specifically, you want your brain to automatically generate positive thinking, so that it is natural and normal for you to think positive thoughts, instead.", "If you rewire your brain to think positively, all this means is that you have taken steps so that your brain automatically thinks positively instead of negatively. By taking these steps, positive thoughts are now your \"default\" way of thinking instead of negative thoughts.", "Once you understand what negative thinking is and the effects of negative thinking on your life (like, making you feel bad and making you act in ways you dislike), it already becomes clear why rewiring your brain is a very beneficial thing to do.", "But just to fully appreciate the potential power of brain rewiring, and how it can transform your life, let's consider some examples of how reprogramming the mind can benefit you.", "For this example, let's say that it's normal and natural for you to feel bad and struggle with depression, due to constantly thinking negative thoughts. By rewiring your brain to think positively, you can make it normal and natural for you to feel happy, instead.", "Or, to consider another example, let's say you think in negative ways that sabotage you, make you less confident, and prevent you from achieving the things you want.", "By rewiring your brain to think in positive ways that help you and make you more confident, you can find it much easier to achieve those things.", "Or, let's say you're struggling with a behavior or a bad habit that you want to stop doing. If you want, you can rewire your brain to think in ways that make it easier for you to break bad habits.", "For example, if you're finding it difficult to stop smoking, you can reprogram your brain to think in ways that make it easier for you to become smoke-free.", "As you can see, the potential benefits for rewiring your brain for positivity are limitless. In general, though, the overall reason to do it is that your life improves in every way as a result.", "For example, how do you rewire your brain so that you always see a glass as half full and never see it as half empty?", "Or, how do you reprogram your brain so that you always think 'I'm a great person' and never think 'I'm a loser'?", "The answer to this question assumes that you already know how to think positive thoughts, as well as how to get rid of negative thoughts.", "If you already understand all of this, use the following 4 steps to rewire your brain for positivity, so that you always think positively instead of negatively.", "In his novel, 1984, George Orwell coined the term doublethink to describe \"The power of holding two contradictory beliefs in one's mind simultaneously, and accepting both of them...\"", "This is a pretty good understanding of how your mind can simultaneously value positive and negative ways of thinking, and then use whichever way of thinking it wants at different times.", "For example, you can value that a glass can be half full or half empty, and then use whichever perspective you want at any time.", "Similarly, you can also value the thoughts 'I'm a great person' and 'I'm a loser', and think in these two different ways at any time.", "Well, if you want to rewire your brain for positivity, this means you want to only think positively and never negatively. And simultaneously valuing positive and negative ways of thinking interferes with that.", "Understand that you are less consistent in the way you think, feel, and act when you simultaneously value positive and negative ways of thinking", "Why does it matter if you simultaneously value positive and negative ways of thinking, and then think in those different ways at different times?", "For example, why does it matter if you sometimes see the glass as half full and other times see the glass as half empty? Why does it matter if you sometimes think of yourself as a great person, and other times think of yourself as a loser?", "With the more positive ways of thinking, you naturally tend to feel happier, more upbeat, more confident, and more energized. With the negative ways of thinking, you'll tend to feel down, be less confident, and be less energized.", "So if you haphazardly use any way of thinking at any time, the way you feel and act will be much less predictable. Indeed, it will erratic.", "This means you're a less stable, less reliable person. You're more prone to mood swings and volatility. You feel less secure, like everything could change at any moment, and you're less confident in yourself and your abilities.", "But if you were able to look inside your head, and see that your brain is just using whatever positive or negative way of thinking it feels like using at any time, you would see that this instability and erratic behavior is just a logical conclusion to that.", "Know without a doubt that you want to think, feel, and act in a positive way consistently: this means always seeing lots of value in positive thoughts and no value in negative thoughts", "The big question: do you want to be a consistently happier person? Do you want to consistently act in positive ways that benefit you?", "Or, do you want to be less stable, and have no idea at all how you'll feel from one day to the next, or how you'll act from one day to the next?", "If you're very clear that you want to stay happy consistently, and also consistently act in positive ways that benefit you, then it's very simple: always value positive ways of thinking that help you and always see no value in negative ways of thinking that work against you.", "When you change your thinking, always stop thinking a negative thought and start thinking a positive thought at the same time to rewire your brain for positivity", "For example, if you get rid of the negative thought 'I'm a loser', pick a relevant positive replacement thought like, 'I'm a great person', or 'I'm a winner'.", "First of all, even if your brain sees no value in the negative thought 'I'm a loser', if your mind doesn't know of a different way to think, then the negative thought will remain its 'default' way of thinking until it knows of a better way to think.", "Also, there are times when your mind might know of other ways to think, but they aren't all that great. For example, instead of 'I'm a loser', your mind might start thinking 'I'm not that bad'.", "Certainly, 'I'm not that bad' is a better way of thinking than 'I'm a loser', but it's still not a strong, positive way to think that makes you much happier and much more confident.", "And, of course, the name of the game here is to rewire your brain for positivity, not for some other random thought that's not that great.", "If you start thinking a positive thought like 'I have a lot of things going for me', pick a relevant competing negative thought to eliminate, like 'I don't have a lot going for me'.", "So even if your brain sometimes uses the positive thought 'I have a lot of things going for me' it can still sometimes use the negative thought 'I don't have a lot going for me'.", "With this scenario, your brain is not wired for positivity yet. Instead, it's wired to sometimes think positively and sometimes think negatively.", "And this is why you sometimes 'mysteriously' think a negative thought like 'I don't have a lot of things going for me' even though you also believe 'I have a lot of things going for me'.", "This rewires your brain for positivity, and enables you to always think a positive thought like 'I have a lot of things going for me' and never think a negative thought like 'I don't have a lot of things going for me'.", "Once you complete each of these steps, you have rewired your brain for positivity, and you have also simplified your thinking process in a beneficial way.", "This is because instead of wasting any time considering a possible negative way to think, your brain only considers and uses a positive way to think.", "For example, after going through these steps, 'The glass is half full' and 'The glass is half empty' aren't two possibilities in your mind. For you, 'The glass is half full' is the only option, since it's the only direction your mind naturally goes in.", "Even if someone points out to you that you can see the glass as half empty, your reaction is: so what? You simply don't see it that way.", "Similarly, after going through these steps, 'I'm a great person', and 'I'm a loser' aren't ever two possibilities that your mind considers. For you, 'I'm a great person' is the only option your mind ever considers and uses.", "And even if someone calls you a loser, there's not even a second that you consider the possibility of thinking of yourself that way.", "Once you have completed each of the mind reprogramming steps you just learned, you have successfully rewired your brain for positivity.", "So how long does it take to go through all these brain reprogramming steps and replace a negative thought like 'I'm a loser' with a positive thought like 'I'm a great person'?", "If you use the Positive Thinking Tool to walk through each of these steps, you can easily rewire your brain to think positively in 5 minutes or less.", "This is because when you follow the steps for reprogramming your mind to think more positively, you are reprogramming your subconscious mind.", "After all, you are making positive changes in your thinking on a very deep level, so that it simply becomes a part of the way you think about things, without even being consciously aware of it.", "For example, if you've rewired your brain to automatically think 'I'm a great person' rather than 'I'm a loser', you're naturally happier with yourself, even when you're not consciously thinking about what a great person you are.", "This means that this type of thinking has simply become part of your 'fabric' due to how the subconscious mind works; it is something that affects you in a positive way all the time, even if you're not consciously aware of it anymore.", "If you're interested in what types of subconscious thoughts you have, then you can do things to become more aware of your subconscious mind power", "For example, some people practice mindfulness, which is basically the idea of becoming more aware of the different types of thoughts you have and how they affect you", "Now, some people turn to mindfulness in an effort to become aware of their subconscious thoughts and to rewire their brains for positivity, but can mindfulness really rewire the brain?", "Remember: the key to rewiring your brain is to deliberately take action to elminate negative thoughts and to think positive thoughts instead", "Mindfulness or meditation might make you aware of the different types of thoughts you're having, but rewiring your brain is about what you actually do with those thoughts", "In other words, mindfulness might help make you aware of your subconscious mind power, but being aware of your subconscious thoughts is different than actually reprogramming the subconscious mind to think in a different way moving forward", "Yes, it's certainly helpful to become aware of subconscious negative thoughts, so that you can eliminate them and replace them with more positive thoughts to immediately improve your life...", "But that's the thing: you've still got to take action to make this kind of a change. Just being 'aware' of the thoughts isn't enough to create the change in your subconscious mind.", "It is in your best interest to focus on rewiring your brain for positivity, rather than focusing on how to train your brain to think positive.", "Think about it: if you're training your brain to be more positive, this means you're doing things like repeating positive affirmations to yourself over and over until these positive thoughts become more natural to you.", "Or, maybe you're trying to listen to a recording of positive thoughts over and over until your mind finally accepts them.", "But here's the thing: even if training your mind like this finally gets you to think more positively, it's a very slow process, especially since you're relying on hearing or saying the same thing over and over in order for it to sink in.", "Also, you're not doing anything to eliminate competing negative ways of thinking, which means you'll sometimes think positively and sometimes think negatively.", "On the other hand, with the brain reprogramming techniques you've just learned and some help from the Positive Thinking Tool, you can achieve the positive change in thinking you want in 5 minutes.", "So it's a no-brainer: reprogramming your brain is how to improve your brain in the fastest, easiest, and most effective way possible.", "Some people try to increase the power of the subconscious mind with subconscious mind training techniques like listening to recordings of positive thoughts while in a relaxed state", "Basically, this is a form of hypnosis (self-hypnosis), where a person puts himself in a more relaxed, peaceful state in order to be more receptive to the positive affirmations he hears", "Although this is one of those subconscious mind power techniques or secrets that is supposed to help you instantly transform your life, how effective do you think it is, if you have to keep listening to the same thoughts over and over until you hopefully one day believe and accept them?", "Just as brain rewiring is superior to brain training, subconscious mind programming techniques are superior to subconscious mind training techniques that rely on you listening to positive thoughts repeatedly", "Remember, once you go through the brain reprogramming steps you've learned, you've also reprogrammed your subconscious mind; so this is how to reprogram your subconscious mind in a conscious, deliberate way that gives you far more power and flexibility", "After all, with this method you're not rewiring your brain in a way that some other person sees fit; instead, you're using the power of your mind to change your own thinking however you see fit", "So this is how to program your subconscious mind and how to increase mind power in a way that gives you the best results you could possibly hope for", "The overall lesson: once you learn how to change your brain by reprogramming it to think however you want, the idea of training your brain or your subconscious mind becomes an outdated and less efficient way to increase your power of mind", "Your brain is your own to rewire however you see fit. So how do you want to rewire your brain and change your thoughts?", "Whatever change in thinking you want to make, the easy way to reprogram your brain for positivity is to use the Positive Thinking Tool. It has all the information you just learned baked into it, to ensure that the brain rewiring process is fast, simple, and easy for you.", "This means that you don't have to be tormented by negative thoughts that contribute to stress, anxiety, depression, low self confidence, and so on.", "Instead, you can rewire your mind to enjoy greater peace of mind, confidence, and happiness in less than five minutes.", "So try the Positive Thinking Tool right now, and rewire your brain to think more positively in 5 minutes or less.", "Learn how to reprogram your brain to think positively instead of negatively & increase your subconscious mind power fast. Don't train your brain; rewire it." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Rewire Your Brain For Positivity: 4 Steps\n\nALWAYS GREATER\n\n * Online Courses\n\n * All Courses\n * Self Confidence Course\n * Positive Thinking Course\n * Happiness Course\n * Depression-Free Course\n * Online Tools\n\n * All Online Tools\n * Positive Thinking Tool\n * Confidence & Success Tool\n * Feel Good Tool\n * Daily Happiness Tool\n * Sign In\n * Create Account\n\n# How To Rewire Your Brain To Think Positive\n\nI am tired of dealing with negative thinking. Is it possible to rewire your\nbrain to think positive instead of negative? And, if so, how can I rewire my\nbrain to think positive thoughts?\n\nIn the next few minutes, you will learn the answers to these questions, and\nyou will completely understand how you can rewire your brain to think\npositively.\n\nBut, first things first: what are we even talking about, when we talk about\nrewiring our brains?\n\n## What is rewiring the brain to think positively all about?\n\nLet's say that it is natural and normal for you to think negative thoughts,\nbecause your brain automatically generates this kind of negative thinking.\n\nAnd let's say you want to change this. Specifically, you want your brain to\nautomatically generate positive thinking, so that it is natural and normal for\nyou to think positive thoughts, instead.\n\nIf you rewire your brain to think positively, all this means is that you have\ntaken steps so that your brain automatically thinks positively instead of\nnegatively. By taking these steps, positive thoughts are now your \"default\"\nway of thinking instead of negative thoughts.\n\nAs impressive as it is, that's all it means to rewire your brain for\npositivity.\n\n## Why start reprogramming the brain for positivity?\n\nJust because you can rewire the brain to think positively, why do it?\n\nOnce you understand what negative thinking is and the effects of negative\nthinking on your life (like, making you feel bad and making you act in ways\nyou dislike), it already becomes clear why rewiring your brain is a very\nbeneficial thing to do.\n\nBut just to fully appreciate the potential power of brain rewiring, and how it\ncan transform your life, let's consider some examples of how reprogramming the\nmind can benefit you.\n\n### Rewire your brain for happiness\n\nFor this example, let's say that it's normal and natural for you to feel bad\nand struggle with depression, due to constantly thinking negative thoughts. By\nrewiring your brain to think positively, you can make it normal and natural\nfor you to feel happy, instead.\n\nSo, in this sense, you can learn how to rewire your brain for happiness.\n\n### Programming your mind for success\n\nOr, to consider another example, let's say you think in negative ways that\nsabotage you, make you less confident, and prevent you from achieving the\nthings you want.\n\nBy rewiring your brain to think in positive ways that help you and make you\nmore confident, you can find it much easier to achieve those things.\n\nSo, in this sense, you can learn how to rewire your brain for success.\n\n### Rewire your brain to stop bad habits\n\nOr, let's say you're struggling with a behavior or a bad habit that you want\nto stop doing. If you want, you can rewire your brain to think in ways that\nmake it easier for you to break bad habits.\n\nFor example, if you're finding it difficult to stop smoking, you can reprogram\nyour brain to think in ways that make it easier for you to become smoke-free.\n\nAs you can see, the potential benefits for rewiring your brain for positivity\nare limitless. In general, though, the overall reason to do it is that your\nlife improves in every way as a result.\n\n## How to rewire the brain to be positive\n\nSo, how do you do it? How can you rewire the brain to think positive?\n\nFor example, how do you rewire your brain so that you always see a glass as\nhalf full and never see it as half empty?\n\nOr, how do you reprogram your brain so that you always think 'I'm a great\nperson' and never think 'I'm a loser'?\n\nThe answer to this question assumes that you already know how to think\npositive thoughts, as well as how to get rid of negative thoughts.\n\nIf you already understand all of this, use the following 4 steps to rewire\nyour brain for positivity, so that you always think positively instead of\nnegatively.\n\n## 4 brain reprogramming steps\n\nClick on each step to learn more about how to program your mind for\npositivity.\n\n 1. Understand that you can simultaneously value positive and negative ways of thinking\n\nIn his novel, 1984, George Orwell coined the term doublethink to describe \"The\npower of holding two contradictory beliefs in one's mind simultaneously, and\naccepting both of them...\"\n\nThis is a pretty good understanding of how your mind can simultaneously value\npositive and negative ways of thinking, and then use whichever way of thinking\nit wants at different times.\n\nFor example, you can value that a glass can be half full or half empty, and\nthen use whichever perspective you want at any time.\n\nSimilarly, you can also value the thoughts 'I'm a great person' and 'I'm a\nloser', and think in these two different ways at any time.\n\nSo why does this matter, and what does it have to do with rewiring your brain\nto think positively?\n\nWell, if you want to rewire your brain for positivity, this means you want to\nonly think positively and never negatively. And simultaneously valuing\npositive and negative ways of thinking interferes with that.\n\n 2. Understand that you are less consistent in the way you think, feel, and act when you simultaneously value positive and negative ways of thinking\n\nWhy does it matter if you simultaneously value positive and negative ways of\nthinking, and then think in those different ways at different times?\n\nFor example, why does it matter if you sometimes see the glass as half full\nand other times see the glass as half empty? Why does it matter if you\nsometimes think of yourself as a great person, and other times think of\nyourself as a loser?\n\nAfter all, aren't these all valid ways of thinking?\n\nWell, sure. They're all opinions. They're all potentially valid.\n\nBut they have very different effects on your life.\n\nWith the more positive ways of thinking, you naturally tend to feel happier,\nmore upbeat, more confident, and more energized. With the negative ways of\nthinking, you'll tend to feel down, be less confident, and be less energized.\n\nSo if you haphazardly use any way of thinking at any time, the way you feel\nand act will be much less predictable. Indeed, it will erratic.\n\nThis means you're a less stable, less reliable person. You're more prone to\nmood swings and volatility. You feel less secure, like everything could change\nat any moment, and you're less confident in yourself and your abilities.\n\nTo an outsider, you might seem like more of a 'crazy' person.\n\nBut if you were able to look inside your head, and see that your brain is just\nusing whatever positive or negative way of thinking it feels like using at any\ntime, you would see that this instability and erratic behavior is just a\nlogical conclusion to that.\n\n 3. Know without a doubt that you want to think, feel, and act in a positive way consistently: this means always seeing lots of value in positive thoughts and no value in negative thoughts\n\nThe big question: do you want to be a consistently happier person? Do you want\nto consistently act in positive ways that benefit you?\n\nOr, do you want to be less stable, and have no idea at all how you'll feel\nfrom one day to the next, or how you'll act from one day to the next?\n\nIf you're very clear that you want to stay happy consistently, and also\nconsistently act in positive ways that benefit you, then it's very simple:\nalways value positive ways of thinking that help you and always see no value\nin negative ways of thinking that work against you.\n\n 4. When you change your thinking, always stop thinking a negative thought and start thinking a positive thought at the same time to rewire your brain for positivity\n\nIf you start with a negative thought\n\nFor example, if you get rid of the negative thought 'I'm a loser', pick a\nrelevant positive replacement thought like, 'I'm a great person', or 'I'm a\nwinner'.\n\nThere are a few reasons for this.\n\nFirst of all, even if your brain sees no value in the negative thought 'I'm a\nloser', if your mind doesn't know of a different way to think, then the\nnegative thought will remain its 'default' way of thinking until it knows of a\nbetter way to think.\n\nAlso, there are times when your mind might know of other ways to think, but\nthey aren't all that great. For example, instead of 'I'm a loser', your mind\nmight start thinking 'I'm not that bad'.\n\nCertainly, 'I'm not that bad' is a better way of thinking than 'I'm a loser',\nbut it's still not a strong, positive way to think that makes you much happier\nand much more confident.\n\nAnd, of course, the name of the game here is to rewire your brain for\npositivity, not for some other random thought that's not that great.\n\nIf you start with a positive thought\n\nIf you start thinking a positive thought like 'I have a lot of things going\nfor me', pick a relevant competing negative thought to eliminate, like 'I\ndon't have a lot going for me'.\n\nHere's why: as you've learned, your brain can simultaneously value positive\nand negative ways of thinking.\n\nSo even if your brain sometimes uses the positive thought 'I have a lot of\nthings going for me' it can still sometimes use the negative thought 'I don't\nhave a lot going for me'.\n\nWith this scenario, your brain is not wired for positivity yet. Instead, it's\nwired to sometimes think positively and sometimes think negatively.\n\nAnd this is why you sometimes 'mysteriously' think a negative thought like 'I\ndon't have a lot of things going for me' even though you also believe 'I have\na lot of things going for me'.\n\nThe lesson: whenever you start thinking a positive thought, always eliminate a\ncompeting negative way of thinking.\n\nThis rewires your brain for positivity, and enables you to always think a\npositive thought like 'I have a lot of things going for me' and never think a\nnegative thought like 'I don't have a lot of things going for me'.\n\nClick on each of the steps above for more information about how to program\nyour brain for positivity.\n\nOnce you complete each of these steps, you have rewired your brain for\npositivity, and you have also simplified your thinking process in a beneficial\nway.\n\nThis is because instead of wasting any time considering a possible negative\nway to think, your brain only considers and uses a positive way to think.\n\nFor example, after going through these steps, 'The glass is half full' and\n'The glass is half empty' aren't two possibilities in your mind. For you, 'The\nglass is half full' is the only option, since it's the only direction your\nmind naturally goes in.\n\nEven if someone points out to you that you can see the glass as half empty,\nyour reaction is: so what? You simply don't see it that way.\n\nSimilarly, after going through these steps, 'I'm a great person', and 'I'm a\nloser' aren't ever two possibilities that your mind considers. For you, 'I'm a\ngreat person' is the only option your mind ever considers and uses.\n\nAnd even if someone calls you a loser, there's not even a second that you\nconsider the possibility of thinking of yourself that way.\n\nThat's simply someone else's way of thinking; not yours. (At least, not\nanymore).\n\n## Frequently asked questions about brain rewiring\n\nClick on each question to learn more.\n\n 1. How long does it take to rewire the brain for positivity?\n\nOnce you have completed each of the mind reprogramming steps you just learned,\nyou have successfully rewired your brain for positivity.\n\nAfter all, this thoroughness ensures that you will consistently think\npositively rather than negatively.\n\nSo how long does it take to go through all these brain reprogramming steps and\nreplace a negative thought like 'I'm a loser' with a positive thought like\n'I'm a great person'?\n\nIf you use the Positive Thinking Tool to walk through each of these steps, you\ncan easily rewire your brain to think positively in 5 minutes or less.\n\nIt's reprogramming your mind made easy: try it for yourself and see.\n\n 2. How do you reprogram the subconscious mind?\n\nBelieve it or not, you have already learned how to rewire your subconscious\nmind.\n\nThis is because when you follow the steps for reprogramming your mind to think\nmore positively, you are reprogramming your subconscious mind.\n\nIndeed, you are reprogramming the subconscious mind in a very powerful,\ndeliberate way.\n\nAfter all, you are making positive changes in your thinking on a very deep\nlevel, so that it simply becomes a part of the way you think about things,\nwithout even being consciously aware of it.\n\nFor example, if you've rewired your brain to automatically think 'I'm a great\nperson' rather than 'I'm a loser', you're naturally happier with yourself,\neven when you're not consciously thinking about what a great person you are.\n\nThis means that this type of thinking has simply become part of your 'fabric'\ndue to how the subconscious mind works; it is something that affects you in a\npositive way all the time, even if you're not consciously aware of it anymore.\n\n * If you're interested in what types of subconscious thoughts you have, then you can do things to become more aware of your subconscious mind power\n * For example, some people practice mindfulness, which is basically the idea of becoming more aware of the different types of thoughts you have and how they affect you\n * Now, some people turn to mindfulness in an effort to become aware of their subconscious thoughts and to rewire their brains for positivity, but can mindfulness really rewire the brain?\n * See more\n\n * Remember: the key to rewiring your brain is to deliberately take action to elminate negative thoughts and to think positive thoughts instead\n * Mindfulness or meditation might make you aware of the different types of thoughts you're having, but rewiring your brain is about what you actually do with those thoughts\n * In other words, mindfulness might help make you aware of your subconscious mind power, but being aware of your subconscious thoughts is different than actually reprogramming the subconscious mind to think in a different way moving forward\n * See more\n\n * The overall lesson: awareness of the power of subconscious mind and reprogramming subconscious thoughts are two completely different things\n * Yes, it's certainly helpful to become aware of subconscious negative thoughts, so that you can eliminate them and replace them with more positive thoughts to immediately improve your life...\n * But that's the thing: you've still got to take action to make this kind of a change. Just being 'aware' of the thoughts isn't enough to create the change in your subconscious mind.\n\n 3. What is the difference between brain training and brain rewiring?\n\nIt is in your best interest to focus on rewiring your brain for positivity,\nrather than focusing on how to train your brain to think positive.\n\nThe reason for this is that rewiring your brain is faster, easier, and more\neffective than training your brain.\n\nThink about it: if you're training your brain to be more positive, this means\nyou're doing things like repeating positive affirmations to yourself over and\nover until these positive thoughts become more natural to you.\n\nOr, maybe you're trying to listen to a recording of positive thoughts over and\nover until your mind finally accepts them.\n\nNow, can this kind of repetition get you to finally think more positively?\n\nWell, sure. It's possible.\n\nBut here's the thing: even if training your mind like this finally gets you to\nthink more positively, it's a very slow process, especially since you're\nrelying on hearing or saying the same thing over and over in order for it to\nsink in.\n\nAlso, you're not doing anything to eliminate competing negative ways of\nthinking, which means you'll sometimes think positively and sometimes think\nnegatively.\n\nOn the other hand, with the brain reprogramming techniques you've just learned\nand some help from the Positive Thinking Tool, you can achieve the positive\nchange in thinking you want in 5 minutes.\n\nThat's how powerful, fast, and easy it is.\n\nSo it's a no-brainer: reprogramming your brain is how to improve your brain in\nthe fastest, easiest, and most effective way possible.\n\n * Some people try to increase the power of the subconscious mind with subconscious mind training techniques like listening to recordings of positive thoughts while in a relaxed state\n * Basically, this is a form of hypnosis (self-hypnosis), where a person puts himself in a more relaxed, peaceful state in order to be more receptive to the positive affirmations he hears\n * Although this is one of those subconscious mind power techniques or secrets that is supposed to help you instantly transform your life, how effective do you think it is, if you have to keep listening to the same thoughts over and over until you hopefully one day believe and accept them?\n * See more\n\n * Just as brain rewiring is superior to brain training, subconscious mind programming techniques are superior to subconscious mind training techniques that rely on you listening to positive thoughts repeatedly\n * Remember, once you go through the brain reprogramming steps you've learned, you've also reprogrammed your subconscious mind; so this is how to reprogram your subconscious mind in a conscious, deliberate way that gives you far more power and flexibility\n * After all, with this method you're not rewiring your brain in a way that some other person sees fit; instead, you're using the power of your mind to change your own thinking however you see fit\n * See more\n\n * So this is how to program your subconscious mind and how to increase mind power in a way that gives you the best results you could possibly hope for\n * Indeed, it's how to use your subconscious mind power to achieve whatever you want faster and easier\n * The overall lesson: once you learn how to change your brain by reprogramming it to think however you want, the idea of training your brain or your subconscious mind becomes an outdated and less efficient way to increase your power of mind\n\n## How to rewire your brain for positivity the easy way\n\nYour brain is your own to rewire however you see fit. So how do you want to\nrewire your brain and change your thoughts?\n\nWhatever change in thinking you want to make, the easy way to reprogram your\nbrain for positivity is to use the Positive Thinking Tool. It has all the\ninformation you just learned baked into it, to ensure that the brain rewiring\nprocess is fast, simple, and easy for you.\n\nThis means that you don't have to be tormented by negative thoughts that\ncontribute to stress, anxiety, depression, low self confidence, and so on.\n\nInstead, you can rewire your mind to enjoy greater peace of mind, confidence,\nand happiness in less than five minutes.\n\nWith the Positive Thinking Tool:\n\n * You enter a negative thought and rewire your mind to stop thinking it\n * You enter a positive thought and rewire your mind to start thinking it\n * By doing this, you rewire your mind for positivity in 5 minutes or less\n\nSo try the Positive Thinking Tool right now, and rewire your brain to think\nmore positively in 5 minutes or less.\n\nIt's how to rewire your brain for positivity the easy way.\n\n * Next: How To Stop Being Negative: 6 Steps →\n\nFree Positive Thinking Webinar\n\n * Next: How To Stop Being Negative: 6 Steps →\n\n * Positive Thinking Course >>\n * Section 2, Lesson 5/3\n\nLearn how to reprogram your brain to think positively instead of negatively &\nincrease your subconscious mind power fast. Don't train your brain; rewire it.\n\n#### Section 2 Lessons\n\n 1. How to think positively & stay positive: 6 steps\n 2. How to rewire your brain to think positive\n 3. How to stop being negative: 6 steps\n\n#### Next Section In The Positive Thinking Course\n\nSection 3\n\n### Positive Thinking Course\n\n#### Get full access to this course instantly.\n\nLearn More\n\nNo Thanks\n\nCopyright © 2011-2014 Always Greater, LLC\n\nBy David Fonvielle\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/daniel-fein/how-i-reprogrammed-my-bra_b_1930697.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170423055451/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/daniel-fein/how-i-reprogrammed-my-bra_b_1930697.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How I Reprogrammed My Brain", "passages": [ "We're constantly questioning which foods to eat because of their consequences. In a broad sense of the idea, nutrition is an example of our innate checks and balances. Before ordering dessert, refilling our soda, or eating chocolate at bedtime, we are constantly analyzing the effects of those decisions and weighing them against the action at hand. It's an is-the-juice-worth-the- squeeze kind of thing: If I eat this, will I feel good? Will I look good? Will I be able to go to bed reasonably soon, or will I end up staring at the ceiling counting imaginary wool?", "Strangely, until I learned how a computer program works, I'd never thought to learn about my brain or about how our mental activity operates so seamlessly, without a glitch, and under subconscious control. I'd never thought to try to understand the process by which my brain gets me from point A to B to C without thinking about the path taken to get there. You need not remind yourself to breathe, walk, or dream. They just happen.", "It seems like our brains can recognize a situation and adapt in the most efficient way. If you need to use the bathroom but you're suddenly on a high- speed foot chase, your body tends to pump the brakes on nature's call and change its priorities. We check the situation and adapt.", "A brain's chemical functionality is not something that I would be interested in studying, but how it works in a less-textbook manner sparks a newfound curiosity. Rather than the direct approach to learning how a brain works physiologically, I indirectly and unintentionally formed my own hypothesis for the relationship between my brain, my body, and my actions through computer science.", "My unintentional realization of this unsought topic came early in my study of computer programming. I found a remarkable, ever-growing relationship between the way a program is written and how humans tend to operate. As more options and tools to write programs became inherent to me, I couldn't help but relate them to a brain's complex and seamless performance.", "For humans, a thought process may appear like so: If I go here, then I can't go there, and if I do this, then I can't do that. If I drink this water, then I won't be thirsty. This is how a computer program works; it's nearly identical. Let's set a variable name; we'll call it \"Thirst.\" If Thirst is equal to 0 (dehydrated), tell the body to replenish and perform a specific function to address the situation. Go to the refrigerator; if the refrigerator is beverage-less, then go to cabinet, get a cup, go to the sink, fill the cup, and drink. Now set our variable Thirst to 100, and it will slowly decrease in accordance with variables like our environment, time, and current activity.", "The most basic and core functionality of a program is what makes computer programming so compelling to me. It allows you to open your own doors, as the tools can be manipulated to solve any problem or perform in any way you'd like. Knowing that your brain uses a similar framework, you can take your natural checks-and-balances system that has made hitting the backspace on your keyboard [if (error exists)] instinctive, and you can make thinking outside the box an inherent action.", "Like a computer checks a condition and issues a consequent, I developed the notion that your mind surveys a situation and reacts after weighing the possible outcomes. With this idea, I learned that the mind can actually emit endless original thoughts and conditions and analyze an infinite array of possibilities. You can start to take a new approach; rather than shooting first, aiming second, and missing out on lost opportunities, you can think outside the box, analyze the possible outcomes, and avoid or pursue certain situations.", "A wise man once said that everybody should learn this very concept: \"Everybody in this country should learn how to program a computer, should learn a computer language, because it teaches you how to think. It's like going to law school. I don't think anybody should be a lawyer, but going to law school can actually be useful because it teaches you how to think in a certain way ... I view computer science as a liberal art.\" That man was Steve Jobs.", "Learn to program and you'll learn to think, extract your own opinions, and form your own hypotheses for the relationship between your brain, your body and your behavior.", "The relationship between a computer and our minds is not the idea I wish you take away from this. Rather, I want you to take away the idea that you may now start to think and form your own answer to this question: How does my brain work? As soon as you understand the way in which your mind functions, you, too, can take control and manipulate it to solve any problem or perform in any way you'd like." ] }, "parsed_md": "How I Reprogrammed My Brain | The Huffington Post\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\nعربي (Arabi) Australia Brasil Canada Deutschland España France Ελλάδα (Greece)\nIndia\n\nItalia 日本 (Japan) 한국 (Korea) Maghreb México Québec (En Francais) South Africa\nUnited Kingdom United States\n\nTHE BLOG\n\n10/04/2012 03:15 pm ET | Updated Dec 04, 2012\n\n# How I Reprogrammed My Brain\n\nBy Daniel Fein\n\nWe're constantly questioning which foods to eat because of their consequences.\nIn a broad sense of the idea, nutrition is an example of our innate checks and\nbalances. Before ordering dessert, refilling our soda, or eating chocolate at\nbedtime, we are constantly analyzing the effects of those decisions and\nweighing them against the action at hand. It's an is-the-juice-worth-the-\nsqueeze kind of thing: If I eat this, will I feel good? Will I look good? Will\nI be able to go to bed reasonably soon, or will I end up staring at the\nceiling counting imaginary wool?\n\nStrangely, until I learned how a computer program works, I'd never thought to\nlearn about my brain or about how our mental activity operates so seamlessly,\nwithout a glitch, and under subconscious control. I'd never thought to try to\nunderstand the process by which my brain gets me from point A to B to C\nwithout thinking about the path taken to get there. You need not remind\nyourself to breathe, walk, or dream. They just happen.\n\nIt seems like our brains can recognize a situation and adapt in the most\nefficient way. If you need to use the bathroom but you're suddenly on a high-\nspeed foot chase, your body tends to pump the brakes on nature's call and\nchange its priorities. We check the situation and adapt.\n\nA brain's chemical functionality is not something that I would be interested\nin studying, but how it works in a less-textbook manner sparks a newfound\ncuriosity. Rather than the direct approach to learning how a brain works\nphysiologically, I indirectly and unintentionally formed my own hypothesis for\nthe relationship between my brain, my body, and my actions through computer\nscience.\n\nMy unintentional realization of this unsought topic came early in my study of\ncomputer programming. I found a remarkable, ever-growing relationship between\nthe way a program is written and how humans tend to operate. As more options\nand tools to write programs became inherent to me, I couldn't help but relate\nthem to a brain's complex and seamless performance.\n\nFor humans, a thought process may appear like so: If I go here, then I can't\ngo there, and if I do this, then I can't do that. If I drink this water, then\nI won't be thirsty. This is how a computer program works; it's nearly\nidentical. Let's set a variable name; we'll call it \"Thirst.\" If Thirst is\nequal to 0 (dehydrated), tell the body to replenish and perform a specific\nfunction to address the situation. Go to the refrigerator; if the refrigerator\nis beverage-less, then go to cabinet, get a cup, go to the sink, fill the cup,\nand drink. Now set our variable Thirst to 100, and it will slowly decrease in\naccordance with variables like our environment, time, and current activity.\n\nThe most basic and core functionality of a program is what makes computer\nprogramming so compelling to me. It allows you to open your own doors, as the\ntools can be manipulated to solve any problem or perform in any way you'd\nlike. Knowing that your brain uses a similar framework, you can take your\nnatural checks-and-balances system that has made hitting the backspace on your\nkeyboard [if (error exists)] instinctive, and you can make thinking outside\nthe box an inherent action.\n\nLike a computer checks a condition and issues a consequent, I developed the\nnotion that your mind surveys a situation and reacts after weighing the\npossible outcomes. With this idea, I learned that the mind can actually emit\nendless original thoughts and conditions and analyze an infinite array of\npossibilities. You can start to take a new approach; rather than shooting\nfirst, aiming second, and missing out on lost opportunities, you can think\noutside the box, analyze the possible outcomes, and avoid or pursue certain\nsituations.\n\nA wise man once said that everybody should learn this very concept: \"Everybody\nin this country should learn how to program a computer, should learn a\ncomputer language, because it teaches you how to think. It's like going to law\nschool. I don't think anybody should be a lawyer, but going to law school can\nactually be useful because it teaches you how to think in a certain way ... I\nview computer science as a liberal art.\" That man was Steve Jobs.\n\nLearn to program and you'll learn to think, extract your own opinions, and\nform your own hypotheses for the relationship between your brain, your body\nand your behavior.\n\nThe relationship between a computer and our minds is not the idea I wish you\ntake away from this. Rather, I want you to take away the idea that you may now\nstart to think and form your own answer to this question: How does my brain\nwork? As soon as you understand the way in which your mind functions, you,\ntoo, can take control and manipulate it to solve any problem or perform in any\nway you'd like.\n\nDaniel Fein Undergraduate Student at NYU\n\n## MORE:\n\nComputer Programming Computers Computer Programming Brain Programming\nProgramming Brain\n\nClose\n\nSUBSCRIBE TO & FOLLOW THE MORNING EMAIL\n\nStart your workday the right way with the news that matters most. Learn more\n\nNewsletter\n\n * 594 K\n * 477 K\n * Podcast\n * Add us on Snapchat\n\nHow I Reprogrammed My Brain\n\nNEW! HIGHLIGHT AND SHARE\n\nHighlight text to share via Facebook and Twitter\n\n * Advertise\n * RSS\n * Careers\n * FAQ\n\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy\n * Comment Policy\n * About Us\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * Archive\n\nCopyright © 2017 TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. \"The Huffington Post\" is a\nregistered trademark of TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost Impact\n\n" } ]
1,665,164
How To Control High Blood Pressure
To control your high blood pressure, try following the DASH diet, which is full of vegetables and whole grains and is designed to help reduce blood pressure. You’ll also want to restrict red meat and processed carbs, which have been shown to be harmful for people with hypertension. Instead, eat as many foods that are beneficial as you can, such as salmon, garlic, and hibiscus tea. Stress can contribute to hypertension, so relax as much as possible by doing yoga, meditating, or listening to music.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210621194727/https://abcnews.go.com/Health/Wellness/13-natural-ways-lower-blood-pressure/story?id=19251901", "http://web.archive.org/web/20131115024412/http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/high-blood-pressure/HI00027", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210629200758/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/omega-3/art-20045614", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421121230/https://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/preventing-high-blood-pressure", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170918224959/http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/PreventionTreatmentofHighBloodPressure/Types-of-Blood-Pressure-Medications_UCM_303247_Article.jsp", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210621200844/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/high-blood-pressure/art-20046974" ]
train
417
[ { "original_url": "https://abcnews.go.com/Health/Wellness/13-natural-ways-lower-blood-pressure/story", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210621194727/https://abcnews.go.com/Health/Wellness/13-natural-ways-lower-blood-pressure/story?id=19251901", "parsed_text": { "title": "13 Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressure", "passages": [ "May 26, 2013— -- intro: High blood pressure is one of the most preventable conditions. But it plays a contributing role in more than 15 percent of deaths in the United States, according to a new Harvard study. Although it causes no symptoms, high blood pressure boosts the risks of leading killers such as heart attack and stroke, as well as aneurysms, cognitive decline, and kidney failure.", "Twenty-eight percent of Americans have high blood pressure and don't know it, according to the American Heart Association. If you haven't had yours checked in 2 years, see a doctor. While medication can lower blood pressure, it may cause side effects such as leg cramps, dizziness, and insomnia. Fortunately, most people can bring down their blood pressure naturally without medication.", "quicklist: 1category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Go for Power Walksurl: text: Hypertensive patients who went for fitness walks at a brisk pace lowered pressure by almost 8 mmhg over 6 mmhg. Exercise helps the heart use oxygen more efficiently, so it doesn't work as hard to pump blood. Get a vigorous cardio workout of at least 30 minutes on most days of the week. Try increasing speed or distance to give your heart a better workout.", "quicklist: 2category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Breathe Deeplyurl: text: Slow breathing and meditative practices such as qigong, yoga, and tai chi decrease stress hormones, which elevate renin, a kidney enzyme that raises blood pressure. Try 5 minutes in the morning and at night. Inhale deeply and expand your belly. Exhale and release all of your tension.", "quicklist: 3category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Pick Potatoesurl: text: Loading up on potassium-rich fruits and vegetables is an important part of any blood pressure-lowering program, says Linda Van Horn, PhD, RD, professor of preventive medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medical. Aim for potassium levels of 2,000 to 4,000 mg a day, she says. Top sources of potassium-rich produce include sweet potatoes, tomatoes, orange juice, potatoes, bananas, kidney beans, peas, cantaloupe, honeydew melon, and dried fruits such as prunes and raisins.", "quicklist: 4category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Be Salt Smarturl: text: Certain groups of people—the elderly, African Americans, and those with a family history of high blood pressure—are more likely than others to have blood pressure that's particularly salt (or sodium) sensitive. But because there's no way to tell whether any one individual is sodium sensitive, everyone should lower his sodium intake, says Eva Obarzanek, PhD, a research nutritionist at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. How far? To 1,500 mg daily, about half the average American intake, she says. (Half a teaspoon of salt contains about 1,200 mg of sodium.) Cutting sodium means more than going easy on the saltshaker, which contributes just 15% of the sodium in the typical American diet. Watch for sodium in processed foods, Obarzanek warns. That's where most of the sodium in your diet comes from, she says. Season foods with spices, herbs, lemon, and salt-free seasoning blends.", "quicklist: 5category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Indulge in Dark Chocolateurl: text: Dark chocolate varieties contain flavanols that make blood vessels more elastic. In one study, 18% of patients who ate it every day saw blood pressure decrease. Have 1/2 ounce daily (make sure it contains at least 70 percent cocoa).", "quicklist: 6category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Take a Supplementurl: text: In a review of 12 studies, researchers found that coenzyme Q10 reduced blood pressure by up to 17 mmhg over 10 mmhg. The antioxidant, required for energy production, dilates blood vessels. Ask your doctor about taking a 60 to 100 mg supplement up to 3 times a day.", "quicklist: 7category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Drink (a Little) Alcoholurl: text: According to a review of 15 studies, the less you drink, the lower your blood pressure will drop—to a point. A study of women at Boston's Brigham and Women's Hospital, for example, found that light drinking (defined as one-quarter to one-half a drink per day for a woman) may actually reduce blood pressure more than no drinks per day. One \"drink\" is 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of spirits. Other studies have also found that moderate drinking—up to one drink a day for a woman, two for a man—can lower risks of heart disease. \"High levels of alcohol are clearly detrimental,\" says Obarzanek. \"But moderate alcohol is protective of the heart. If you are going to drink, drink moderately.\"", "quicklist: 8category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Switch to Decaf Coffeeurl: text: Scientists have long debated the effects of caffeine on blood pressure. Some studies have shown no effect, but one from Duke University Medical Center found that caffeine consumption of 500 mg—roughly three 8-ounce cups of coffee—increased blood pressure by 4 mmhg, and that effect lasted until bedtime. For reference, 8 ounces of drip coffee contain 100 to 125 mg; the same amount of tea, 50 mg; an equal quantity of cola, about 40 mg. Caffeine can raise blood pressure by tightening blood vessels and by magnifying the effects of stress, says Jim Lane, PhD, associate research professor at Duke and the lead author of the study. \"When you're under stress, your heart starts pumping a lot more blood, boosting blood pressure,\" he says. \"And caffeine exaggerates that effect.\" If you drink a lot of joe, pour more decaf to protect your ticker.", "quicklist: 9category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Take Up Teaurl: text: Lowering high blood pressure is as easy as one, two, tea: Study participants who sipped 3 cups of a hibiscus tea daily lowered systolic blood pressure by 7 points in 6 weeks on average, say researchers from Tufts University—results on par with many prescription medications. Those who received a placebo drink improved their reading by only 1 point. The phytochemicals in hibiscus are probably responsible for the large reduction in high blood pressure, say the study authors. Many herbal teas contain hibiscus; look for blends that list it near the top of the chart of ingredients—this often indicates a higher concentration per serving.", "quicklist: 10category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Work (a Bit) Lessurl: text: Putting in more than 41 hours per week at the office raises your risk of hypertension by 15%, according to a University of California, Irvine, study of 24,205 California residents. Overtime makes it hard to exercise and eat healthy, says Haiou Yang, PhD, the lead researcher. It may be difficult to clock out super early in today's tough economic times, but try to leave at a decent hour—so you can go to the gym or cook a healthy meal—as often as possible. Set an end-of-day message on your computer as a reminder to turn it off and go home.", "quicklist: 11category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Relax With Musicurl: text: Need to bring down your blood pressure a bit more than medication or lifestyle changes can do alone? The right tunes can help, according to researchers at the University of Florence in Italy. They asked 28 adults who were already taking hypertension pills to listen to soothing classical, Celtic, or Indian music for 30 minutes daily while breathing slowly. After a week, the listeners had lowered their average systolic reading by 3.2 points; a month later, readings were down 4.4 points.", "quicklist: 12category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Seek Help for Snoringurl: text: It's time to heed your partner's complaints and get that snoring checked out. Loud, incessant snores are one of the main symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). University of Alabama researchers found that many sleep apnea sufferers also had high levels of aldosterone, a hormone that can boost blood pressure. In fact, it's estimated that half of all people with sleep apnea have high blood pressure. If you have sleep apnea, you may experience many brief yet potentially life-threatening interruptions in your breathing while you sleep. In addition to loud snoring, excessive daytime tiredness and early morning headaches are also good clues. If you have high blood pressure, ask your doctor if OSA could be behind it; treating sleep apnea may lower aldosterone levels and improve BP.", "quicklist: 13category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Jump for Soyurl: text: A study from Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association found for the first time that replacing some of the refined carbohydrates in your diet with foods high in soy or milk protein, such as low-fat dairy, can bring down systolic blood pressure if you have hypertension or prehypertension." ] }, "parsed_md": "13 Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressure - ABC News\n\n# 13 Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressure\n\nReducing high blood pressure without drugs is easier than you think.\n\nBy The Editors of <i>Prevention</i>\n\nMay 24, 2013, 7:14 PM\n\n• 8 min read\n\n5:25\n\nNuts for Nuts\n\nShira Bocar discusses the health benefits of nuts.\n\nGetty Images\n\nMay 26, 2013— -- intro: High blood pressure is one of the most preventable\nconditions. But it plays a contributing role in more than 15 percent of deaths\nin the United States, according to a new Harvard study. Although it causes no\nsymptoms, high blood pressure boosts the risks of leading killers such as\nheart attack and stroke, as well as aneurysms, cognitive decline, and kidney\nfailure.\n\nTwenty-eight percent of Americans have high blood pressure and don't know it,\naccording to the American Heart Association. If you haven't had yours checked\nin 2 years, see a doctor. While medication can lower blood pressure, it may\ncause side effects such as leg cramps, dizziness, and insomnia. Fortunately,\nmost people can bring down their blood pressure naturally without medication.\n\nTop 10 Natural Alternatives to Prescribed Drugs\n\nquicklist: 1category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Go for\nPower Walksurl: text: Hypertensive patients who went for fitness walks at a\nbrisk pace lowered pressure by almost 8 mmhg over 6 mmhg. Exercise helps the\nheart use oxygen more efficiently, so it doesn't work as hard to pump blood.\nGet a vigorous cardio workout of at least 30 minutes on most days of the week.\nTry increasing speed or distance to give your heart a better workout.\n\nquicklist: 2category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Breathe\nDeeplyurl: text: Slow breathing and meditative practices such as qigong, yoga,\nand tai chi decrease stress hormones, which elevate renin, a kidney enzyme\nthat raises blood pressure. Try 5 minutes in the morning and at night. Inhale\ndeeply and expand your belly. Exhale and release all of your tension.\n\nquicklist: 3category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Pick\nPotatoesurl: text: Loading up on potassium-rich fruits and vegetables is an\nimportant part of any blood pressure-lowering program, says Linda Van Horn,\nPhD, RD, professor of preventive medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg\nSchool of Medical. Aim for potassium levels of 2,000 to 4,000 mg a day, she\nsays. Top sources of potassium-rich produce include sweet potatoes, tomatoes,\norange juice, potatoes, bananas, kidney beans, peas, cantaloupe, honeydew\nmelon, and dried fruits such as prunes and raisins.\n\n25 Healthiest Foods On Earth\n\nquicklist: 4category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Be Salt\nSmarturl: text: Certain groups of people—the elderly, African Americans, and\nthose with a family history of high blood pressure—are more likely than others\nto have blood pressure that's particularly salt (or sodium) sensitive. But\nbecause there's no way to tell whether any one individual is sodium sensitive,\neveryone should lower his sodium intake, says Eva Obarzanek, PhD, a research\nnutritionist at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. How far? To\n1,500 mg daily, about half the average American intake, she says. (Half a\nteaspoon of salt contains about 1,200 mg of sodium.) Cutting sodium means more\nthan going easy on the saltshaker, which contributes just 15% of the sodium in\nthe typical American diet. Watch for sodium in processed foods, Obarzanek\nwarns. That's where most of the sodium in your diet comes from, she says.\nSeason foods with spices, herbs, lemon, and salt-free seasoning blends.\n\nquicklist: 5category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Indulge\nin Dark Chocolateurl: text: Dark chocolate varieties contain flavanols that\nmake blood vessels more elastic. In one study, 18% of patients who ate it\nevery day saw blood pressure decrease. Have 1/2 ounce daily (make sure it\ncontains at least 70 percent cocoa).\n\nDelicious Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressure\n\nquicklist: 6category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Take a\nSupplementurl: text: In a review of 12 studies, researchers found that\ncoenzyme Q10 reduced blood pressure by up to 17 mmhg over 10 mmhg. The\nantioxidant, required for energy production, dilates blood vessels. Ask your\ndoctor about taking a 60 to 100 mg supplement up to 3 times a day.\n\n100 Best Supplements For Women\n\nquicklist: 7category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Drink (a\nLittle) Alcoholurl: text: According to a review of 15 studies, the less you\ndrink, the lower your blood pressure will drop—to a point. A study of women at\nBoston's Brigham and Women's Hospital, for example, found that light drinking\n(defined as one-quarter to one-half a drink per day for a woman) may actually\nreduce blood pressure more than no drinks per day. One \"drink\" is 12 ounces of\nbeer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of spirits. Other studies have also\nfound that moderate drinking—up to one drink a day for a woman, two for a\nman—can lower risks of heart disease. \"High levels of alcohol are clearly\ndetrimental,\" says Obarzanek. \"But moderate alcohol is protective of the\nheart. If you are going to drink, drink moderately.\"\n\nquicklist: 8category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Switch\nto Decaf Coffeeurl: text: Scientists have long debated the effects of caffeine\non blood pressure. Some studies have shown no effect, but one from Duke\nUniversity Medical Center found that caffeine consumption of 500 mg—roughly\nthree 8-ounce cups of coffee—increased blood pressure by 4 mmhg, and that\neffect lasted until bedtime. For reference, 8 ounces of drip coffee contain\n100 to 125 mg; the same amount of tea, 50 mg; an equal quantity of cola, about\n40 mg. Caffeine can raise blood pressure by tightening blood vessels and by\nmagnifying the effects of stress, says Jim Lane, PhD, associate research\nprofessor at Duke and the lead author of the study. \"When you're under stress,\nyour heart starts pumping a lot more blood, boosting blood pressure,\" he says.\n\"And caffeine exaggerates that effect.\" If you drink a lot of joe, pour more\ndecaf to protect your ticker.\n\nquicklist: 9category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Take Up\nTeaurl: text: Lowering high blood pressure is as easy as one, two, tea: Study\nparticipants who sipped 3 cups of a hibiscus tea daily lowered systolic blood\npressure by 7 points in 6 weeks on average, say researchers from Tufts\nUniversity—results on par with many prescription medications. Those who\nreceived a placebo drink improved their reading by only 1 point. The\nphytochemicals in hibiscus are probably responsible for the large reduction in\nhigh blood pressure, say the study authors. Many herbal teas contain hibiscus;\nlook for blends that list it near the top of the chart of ingredients—this\noften indicates a higher concentration per serving.\n\n7 Healing Herbals Teas\n\nquicklist: 10category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Work (a\nBit) Lessurl: text: Putting in more than 41 hours per week at the office\nraises your risk of hypertension by 15%, according to a University of\nCalifornia, Irvine, study of 24,205 California residents. Overtime makes it\nhard to exercise and eat healthy, says Haiou Yang, PhD, the lead researcher.\nIt may be difficult to clock out super early in today's tough economic times,\nbut try to leave at a decent hour—so you can go to the gym or cook a healthy\nmeal—as often as possible. Set an end-of-day message on your computer as a\nreminder to turn it off and go home.\n\nquicklist: 11category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Relax\nWith Musicurl: text: Need to bring down your blood pressure a bit more than\nmedication or lifestyle changes can do alone? The right tunes can help,\naccording to researchers at the University of Florence in Italy. They asked 28\nadults who were already taking hypertension pills to listen to soothing\nclassical, Celtic, or Indian music for 30 minutes daily while breathing\nslowly. After a week, the listeners had lowered their average systolic reading\nby 3.2 points; a month later, readings were down 4.4 points.\n\nquicklist: 12category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Seek\nHelp for Snoringurl: text: It's time to heed your partner's complaints and get\nthat snoring checked out. Loud, incessant snores are one of the main symptoms\nof obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). University of Alabama researchers found that\nmany sleep apnea sufferers also had high levels of aldosterone, a hormone that\ncan boost blood pressure. In fact, it's estimated that half of all people with\nsleep apnea have high blood pressure. If you have sleep apnea, you may\nexperience many brief yet potentially life-threatening interruptions in your\nbreathing while you sleep. In addition to loud snoring, excessive daytime\ntiredness and early morning headaches are also good clues. If you have high\nblood pressure, ask your doctor if OSA could be behind it; treating sleep\napnea may lower aldosterone levels and improve BP.\n\nSleep Better Every Night\n\nquicklist: 13category: Natural Ways To Lower Your Blood Pressuretitle: Jump\nfor Soyurl: text: A study from Circulation: Journal of the American Heart\nAssociation found for the first time that replacing some of the refined\ncarbohydrates in your diet with foods high in soy or milk protein, such as\nlow-fat dairy, can bring down systolic blood pressure if you have hypertension\nor prehypertension.\n\n***\n\nMore from Prevention:\n\n14 Walking Workouts To Blast Body Fat\n\n25 Best Weight-Loss Tips Of All Time\n\n4 Surprising Ways Coffee is Good For You\n\n10 Ways to Feel More Relaxed\n\n## Top Stories\n\n## 2-year-old dies in Detroit shooting\n\nJun 21, 10:02 AM\n\n## Waitress abducted and assaulted after chasing 5 people who ran out on $70\nbill: Cops\n\nJun 21, 7:12 AM\n\n## New book helps women reclaim more time for themselves\n\nOct 07, 8:38 AM\n\n## Biden faces down McConnell in clash on voting rights: The Note\n\nJun 21, 6:02 AM\n\n## 2-year-old boy shot dead on interstate\n\n4 hours ago\n\n### ABC News Live\n\n24/7 coverage of breaking news and live events\n\n#### ABC News Network\n\n#### Privacy Policy\n\n#### Your CA Privacy Rights\n\n#### Children's Online Privacy Policy\n\n#### Interest-Based Ads\n\n#### About Nielsen Measurement\n\n#### Terms of Use\n\n#### Do Not Sell My Info\n\n#### Contact Us\n\nCopyright © 2021 ABC News Internet Ventures. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/high-blood-pressure/HI00027", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20131115024412/http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/high-blood-pressure/HI00027", "parsed_text": { "title": "10 ways to control high blood pressure without medication", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "10 ways to control high blood pressure without medication - MayoClinic.com\n\n * Patient Care\n\n * Request an Appointment\n * Log in to Patient Account\n * See Treatment & Diagnosis Services\n * Plan Your Visit\n * Find a Doctor\n * Download Mayo Clinic Patient App\n * Stories\n * Health Information\n\n * Diseases & Conditions A-Z\n * Symptom Checker\n * Drugs & Supplements A-Z\n * Tests & Procedures A-Z\n * Healthy Living\n * Expert Blogs\n * Mayo Clinic Store\n * For Medical Professionals\n\n * Online Services for Referring Physicians\n * Grand Rounds\n * Publications\n * Continuing Medical Education\n * Mayo Medical Laboratories\n * Patient Education Materials\n * Research\n\n * Explore Research Areas\n * Find Clinical Trials\n * Research Faculty\n * Postdoctoral Fellowships\n * Discovery’s Edge Magazine\n * Search Publications\n * Education\n\n * Mayo Graduate School\n * Mayo Medical School\n * Mayo School of Continuous Professional Development\n * Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education\n * Mayo School of Health Sciences\n * Alumni Center\n\n * Request an Appointment\n * Find a Doctor\n * Find a Job\n * Log in to Patient Account\n * Give to Mayo Clinic\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n\n * Diseases and Conditions\n * Symptoms\n * Drugs and Supplements\n * Tests and Procedures\n * Healthy Lifestyle\n * First Aid\n\n * Home\n * Diseases and Conditions\n * High blood pressure (hypertension)\n * In-Depth\n * 10 ways to control high blood pressure without medication\n\n# High blood pressure (hypertension)\n\n * Basics\n * In-Depth\n * Multimedia\n * Expert Answers\n * Resources\n\n * ### Alternative medicine (1)\n\n * Herbal supplements may not mix with heart medicines\n\n * ### Causes (2)\n\n * Stress and high blood pressure: What's the connection?\n * Membranous nephropathy\n\n * ### Complications (7)\n\n * Spontaneous coronary artery dissection\n * Abdominal aortic aneurysm\n * Thoracic aortic aneurysm\n * see all in Complications\n\n * ### Lifestyle and home remedies (11)\n\n * Exercise: A drug-free approach to lowering high blood pressure\n * Stress and high blood pressure: What's the connection?\n * 10 ways to control high blood pressure without medication\n * see all in Lifestyle and home remedies\n\n * ### Risk factors (4)\n\n * Obesity\n * Hyperparathyroidism\n * Sleep deprivation: Know the risks\n * see all in Risk factors\n\n * ### Symptoms (1)\n\n * Symptom Checker\n\n * ### Tests and diagnosis (3)\n\n * Blood pressure chart: What your reading means\n * Microalbumin test\n * Blood pressure test\n\n * ### Treatments and drugs (9)\n\n * Angiotensin II receptor blockers\n * Beta blockers\n * Calcium channel blockers\n * see all in Treatments and drugs\n\n#### Free\n\n### E-newsletter\n\n## Subscribe to Housecall\n\nOur weekly general interest e-newsletter keeps you up to date on a wide\nvariety of health topics.\n\nSign up now\n\n * ### RSS Feeds\n\nclose window\n\n## Mayo Clinic Housecall\n\n#### Stay up to date on the latest health information.\n\n### What you get\n\n * Free weekly e-newsletter\n * Mayo Clinic expertise\n * Recipes, tools and other helpful information\n * We do not share your e-mail address\n\n * Sign up\n\n# 10 ways to control high blood pressure without medication\n\n## By making these 10 lifestyle changes, you can lower your blood pressure and\nreduce your risk of heart disease.\n\nBy Mayo Clinic staff\n\nIf you've been diagnosed with high blood pressure (a systolic pressure — the\ntop number — of 140 or above or a diastolic pressure — the bottom number — of\n90 or above), you might be worried about taking medication to bring your\nnumbers down.\n\nLifestyle plays an important role in treating your high blood pressure. If you\nsuccessfully control your blood pressure with a healthy lifestyle, you may\navoid, delay or reduce the need for medication.\n\nHere are 10 lifestyle changes you can make to lower your blood pressure and\nkeep it down.\n\n## 1\\. Lose extra pounds and watch your waistline\n\nBlood pressure often increases as weight increases. Losing just 10 pounds (4.5\nkilograms) can help reduce your blood pressure. In general, the more weight\nyou lose, the lower your blood pressure. Losing weight also makes any blood\npressure medications you're taking more effective. You and your doctor can\ndetermine your target weight and the best way to achieve it.\n\nBesides shedding pounds, you should also keep an eye on your waistline.\nCarrying too much weight around your waist can put you at greater risk of high\nblood pressure. In general:\n\n * Men are at risk if their waist measurement is greater than 40 inches (102 centimeters, or cm).\n * Women are at risk if their waist measurement is greater than 35 inches (89 cm).\n * Asian men are at risk if their waist measurement is greater than 36 inches (91 cm).\n * Asian women are at risk if their waist measurement is greater than 32 inches (81 cm).\n\n## 2\\. Exercise regularly\n\nRegular physical activity — at least 30 to 60 minutes most days of the week —\ncan lower your blood pressure by 4 to 9 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). And it\ndoesn't take long to see a difference. If you haven't been active, increasing\nyour exercise level can lower your blood pressure within just a few weeks.\n\nIf you have prehypertension — systolic pressure between 120 and 139 or\ndiastolic pressure between 80 and 89 — exercise can help you avoid developing\nfull-blown hypertension. If you already have hypertension, regular physical\nactivity can bring your blood pressure down to safer levels.\n\nTalk to your doctor about developing an exercise program. Your doctor can help\ndetermine whether you need any exercise restrictions. Even moderate activity\nfor 10 minutes at a time, such as walking and light strength training, can\nhelp.\n\nBut avoid being a \"weekend warrior.\" Trying to squeeze all your exercise in on\nthe weekends to make up for weekday inactivity isn't a good strategy. Those\nsudden bursts of activity could actually be risky.\n\n## 3\\. Eat a healthy diet\n\nEating a diet that is rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables and low-fat\ndairy products and skimps on saturated fat and cholesterol can lower your\nblood pressure by up to 14 mm Hg. This eating plan is known as the Dietary\nApproaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet.\n\nIt isn't easy to change your eating habits, but with these tips, you can adopt\na healthy diet:\n\n * Keep a food diary. Writing down what you eat, even for just a week, can shed surprising light on your true eating habits. Monitor what you eat, how much, when and why.\n * Consider boosting potassium. Potassium can lessen the effects of sodium on blood pressure. The best source of potassium is food, such as fruits and vegetables, rather than supplements. Talk to your doctor about the potassium level that's best for you.\n * Be a smart shopper. Make a shopping list before heading to the supermarket to avoid picking up junk food. Read food labels when you shop and stick to your healthy-eating plan when you're dining out, too.\n * Cut yourself some slack. Although the DASH diet is a lifelong eating guide, it doesn't mean you have to cut out all of the foods you love. It's OK to treat yourself occasionally to foods you wouldn't find on a DASH diet menu, such as a candy bar or mashed potatoes with gravy.\n\n## 4\\. Reduce sodium in your diet\n\nEven a small reduction in the sodium in your diet can reduce blood pressure by\n2 to 8 mm Hg. The recommendations for reducing sodium are:\n\n * Limit sodium to 2,300 milligrams (mg) a day or less.\n * A lower sodium level — 1,500 mg a day or less — is appropriate for people 51 years of age or older, and individuals of any age who are African-American or who have high blood pressure, diabetes or chronic kidney disease.\n\nTo decrease sodium in your diet, consider these tips:\n\n * Track how much salt is in your diet. Keep a food diary to estimate how much sodium is in what you eat and drink each day.\n * Read food labels. If possible, choose low-sodium alternatives of the foods and beverages you normally buy.\n * Eat fewer processed foods. Potato chips, frozen dinners, bacon and processed lunch meats are high in sodium.\n * Don't add salt. Just 1 level teaspoon of salt has 2,300 mg of sodium. Use herbs or spices, rather than salt, to add more flavor to your foods.\n * Ease into it. If you don't feel like you can drastically reduce the sodium in your diet suddenly, cut back gradually. Your palate will adjust over time.\n\n## 5\\. Limit the amount of alcohol you drink\n\nAlcohol can be both good and bad for your health. In small amounts, it can\npotentially lower your blood pressure by 2 to 4 mm Hg. But that protective\neffect is lost if you drink too much alcohol — generally more than one drink a\nday for women and men older than age 65, or more than two a day for men age 65\nand younger. Also, if you don't normally drink alcohol, you shouldn't start\ndrinking as a way to lower your blood pressure. There's more potential harm\nthan benefit to drinking alcohol.\n\nIf you drink more than moderate amounts of it, alcohol can actually raise\nblood pressure by several points. It can also reduce the effectiveness of high\nblood pressure medications.\n\n * Track your drinking patterns. Along with your food diary, keep an alcohol diary to track your true drinking patterns. One drink equals 12 ounces (355 milliliters, or mL) of beer, 5 ounces of wine (148 mL) or 1.5 ounces of 80-proof liquor (45 mL). If you're drinking more than the suggested amounts, cut back.\n * Consider tapering off. If you're a heavy drinker, suddenly eliminating all alcohol can actually trigger severe high blood pressure for several days. So when you stop drinking, do it with the supervision of your doctor or taper off slowly, over one to two weeks.\n * Don't binge. Binge drinking — having four or more drinks in a row — can cause large and sudden increases in blood pressure, in addition to other health problems.\n\nNext page (1 of 2)\n\n * ### Mayo Clinic products and services\n\n * Book: Mayo Clinic 5 Steps to Controlling High Blood Pressure\n * DVD: Mayo Clinic Wellness Solutions for High Blood Pressure\n * Book: Mayo Clinic Healthy Heart for Life!\n * Give today to find cures for tomorrow\n\n * ### See Also\n\nHand Scheduled Section Focus\n\n * Free blood pressure machines: Are they accurate?\n * Wrist blood pressure monitors: Are they accurate?\n * Stress and high blood pressure: What's the connection?\n * Can whole-grain foods lower blood pressure?\n * Blood pressure medication: Still necessary if I lose weight?\n * Blood pressure cuff: Does size matter?\n * Exercise: A drug-free approach to lowering high blood pressure\n * High blood pressure and cold remedies: Which are safe?\n * Weightlifting: Bad for your blood pressure?\n * Blood pressure: Can it be higher in one arm?\n * Resperate: Can it help reduce blood pressure?\n * Get the most out of home blood pressure monitoring\n * Low-sodium recipes\n * Video: What is blood pressure?\n * Video: How to measure blood pressure using a manual monitor\n * Video: How to measure blood pressure using an automatic monitor\n * Fruit or vegetable — Do you know the difference?\n * What will it take to reverse the obesity epidemic?\n * How to pick spring's freshest produce\n * DASH diet: Tips for dining out\n * Train like an athlete for better health\n * How much sleep do you really need?\n * Shaking the salt habit\n * Water softeners: How much sodium do they add?\n * Is the Mediterranean diet more than a diet?\n * DASH diet: Tips for shopping and cooking\n * Slide show: 5 main dish vegetable recipes\n * Healthy chocolate: Dream or reality?\n * Calories reconsidered: Old assumptions questioned\n * Sample menus for the DASH eating plan\n * DASH diet: Guide to recommended servings\n * DASH diet recipes\n * Don't go against the grain — Go whole grain\n * Sleep tips: 7 steps to better sleep\n * DASH diet: Healthy eating to lower your blood pressure\n\nRelated Links\n\n * Diuretics and gout: What's the connection?\n * Secondary hypertension\n * Prehypertension\n\nRelated Guides Children\n\n * High blood pressure in children\n\nParent\n\nReferences\n\n 1. Chobanian AV, et al. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. New England Journal of Medicine. 2003;289:2560.\n 2. Flint AJ, et al. Excess weight and risk of incident coronary heart disease among men and women. Obesity. 2010;18:377.\n 3. Your guide to lowering blood pressure with DASH. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/hbp/dash/. Accessed June 13, 2012.\n 4. Tseng C, et al. A predictive model for risk of prehypertension and hypertension and expected benefit after population-based life-style modification (KCIS No. 24). American Journal of Hypertension. 2012;25:171.\n 5. Haskell WL, et al. Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2007;116:1081.\n 6. Nelson ME, et al. Physical activity and public health in older adults: Recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2007;116:1094.\n 7. Chase NL, et al. The association of cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity with incidence of hypertension in men. American Journal of Hypertension. 2009;22:417.\n 8. Reduce salt and sodium in your diet. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp/prevent/sodium/sodium.htm. Accessed June 12, 2012.\n 9. Quitting smoking. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp/prevent/q_smoke/q_smoke.htm. Accessed June 12, 2012.\n 10. Jefferis BJ, et al. Secondhand smoke (SHS) is associated with circulating markers of inflammation and endothelial function in adult men and women. Atherosclerosis. 2009;208:550.\n 11. Limit alcohol intake. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp/prevent/l_alcohol/l_alcohol.htm. Accessed June 13, 2012.\n 12. Spruill T. Chronic psychosocial stress and hypertension. Current Hypertension Reports. 2011;12:10.\n 13. Rossi GP, et al. Drug-resistant hypertension and resistance to anti-hypertensive treatment: A call for action. Journal of Hypertension. 2011;29:2295.\n 14. Home blood pressure monitoring. American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/SymptomsDiagnosisMonitoringofHighBloodPressure/Home-Blood-Pressure-Monitoring_UCM_301874_Article.jsp. Accessed June 13, 2012.\n 15. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/DGAs2010-PolicyDocument.htm. Accessed June 13, 2012.\n\nHI00027 July 19, 2012\n\n© 1998-2013 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). All\nrights reserved. 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All rights\nreserved.\n\nWe comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify\nhere. \n--- \n \nText Size: smaller largerlarger\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/omega-3/art-20045614", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210629200758/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/omega-3/art-20045614", "parsed_text": { "title": "Omega-3 in fish: How eating fish helps your heart", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Omega-3 in fish: How eating fish helps your heart - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/preventing-high-blood-pressure", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421121230/https://www.webmd.com/hypertension-high-blood-pressure/guide/preventing-high-blood-pressure", "parsed_text": { "title": "Preventing High Blood Pressure Tips: Diet and Lifestyle Changes", "passages": [ "About 1 in every 4 American adults has high blood pressure, also called hypertension, which is a major risk factor for heart and kidney diseases, stroke, and heart failure. High blood pressure is especially dangerous because it often gives no warning signs or symptoms. Fortunately, you can find out if you have high blood pressure by having your blood pressure checked regularly. If it is high, you can take steps to lower it. Just as important, if your blood pressure is normal, you can learn how to keep it from rising.", "Maintaining a healthy weight. Being overweight can make you two to six times more likely to develop high blood pressure than if you are at your desirable weight. Even small amounts of weight loss can make a big difference in helping to prevent and treat high blood pressure.", "Getting regular exercise: People who are physically active have a lower risk of getting high blood pressure -- 20% to 50% lower -- than people who are not active. You don't have to be a marathon runner to benefit from physical activity. Even light activities, if done daily, can help lower your risk.", "Reducing salt intake: Often, when people with high blood pressure cut back on salt, their blood pressure falls. Cutting back on salt also prevents blood pressure from rising.", "Drinking alcohol in moderation, if at all: Drinking too much alcohol can raise your blood pressure. To help prevent high blood pressure, limit how much alcohol you drink to no more than two drinks a day. The \"Dietary Guidelines for Americans\" recommends that for overall health, women should limit their alcohol to no more than one drink a day.", "Reduce stress: Stress can make blood pressure go up, and over time may contribute to the cause of high blood pressure. There are many steps you can take to reduce your stress. The article on easing stress will get you started.", "Potassium. Eating foods rich in potassium will help protect some people from developing high blood pressure. You probably can get enough potassium from your diet, so a supplement isn't necessary (and could be dangerous without a doctor's oversight). Many fruits, vegetables, dairy foods, and fish are good sources of potassium.", "Calcium. Populations with low calcium intakes have high rates of high blood pressure. However, it has not been proven that taking calcium tablets will prevent high blood pressure. But it is important to be sure to get at least the recommended amount of calcium -- 1,000 milligrams per day for adults 19 to 50 years old and 1,200 mg for those over 50 (pregnant and breastfeeding women also need more) -- from the foods you eat. Dairy foods like low-fat milk, yogurt, and cheese are good sources of calcium. Low-fat and nonfat dairy products have even more calcium than the high-fat types.", "Magnesium. A diet low in magnesium may make your blood pressure rise. But doctors don't recommend taking extra magnesium to help prevent high blood pressure -- the amount you get in a healthy diet is enough. Magnesium is found in whole grains, green leafy vegetables, nuts, seeds, and dry peas and beans.", "Fish oils. A type of fat called \"omega-3 fatty acids\" is found in fatty fish like mackerel and salmon. Large amounts of fish oils may help reduce high blood pressure, but their role in prevention is unclear. Taking fish oil pills is not routinely recommended, primarily because it is unclear whether supplements can make a difference; getting omega 3’s as part of a heart healthy diet is best. Most fish, if not fried or made with added fat, is low in saturated fat and calories and can be eaten often.", "Garlic. There has been some evidence to suggest garlic’s effect in lowering blood pressure, in addition to improving cholesterol and reducing some cancers. Further research is being conducted to fully assess garlic’s potential health benefits.", "Always talk to your doctor before taking a dietary supplement or alternative herbal treatment. Some may interact with other medications you may be taking or have harmful side effects." ] }, "parsed_md": "Preventing High Blood Pressure Tips: Diet and Lifestyle Changes\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### High Blood Pressure Home\n\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * Find a Cardiologist\n * Medications\n * WebMDRx Savings Card\n\n### Hypertension / High Blood Pressure Guide\n\n * Overview & Facts\n * Symptoms & Types\n * Diagnosis & Tests\n * Treatment & Care\n * Living & Managing\n * Resources & Tools\n\n### Related to High Blood Pressure\n\n * Atherosclerosis\n * Cholesterol Management\n * Dental Care and Hypertension\n * Fitness & Exercise\n * Heart Disease\n * Metabolic Syndrome\n * Cholesterol & Your Heart\n * Nutrition for Hypertension\n * Sleep Problems\n * Stroke\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Hypertension\n * Guide\n\n# High Blood Pressure Prevention\n\nMedically Reviewed by Suzanne R. Steinbaum, MD on July 06, 2019\n\n### In this Article\n\n * How Can I Prevent High Blood Pressure?\n\nAbout 1 in every 4 American adults has high blood pressure, also called\nhypertension, which is a major risk factor for heart and kidney diseases,\nstroke, and heart failure. High blood pressure is especially dangerous because\nit often gives no warning signs or symptoms. Fortunately, you can find out if\nyou have high blood pressure by having your blood pressure checked regularly.\nIf it is high, you can take steps to lower it. Just as important, if your\nblood pressure is normal, you can learn how to keep it from rising.\n\n## How Can I Prevent High Blood Pressure?\n\nYou can prevent high blood pressure by:\n\n * Maintaining a healthy weight. Being overweight can make you two to six times more likely to develop high blood pressure than if you are at your desirable weight. Even small amounts of weight loss can make a big difference in helping to prevent and treat high blood pressure.\n * Getting regular exercise: People who are physically active have a lower risk of getting high blood pressure -- 20% to 50% lower -- than people who are not active. You don't have to be a marathon runner to benefit from physical activity. Even light activities, if done daily, can help lower your risk.\n * Reducing salt intake: Often, when people with high blood pressure cut back on salt, their blood pressure falls. Cutting back on salt also prevents blood pressure from rising.\n * Drinking alcohol in moderation, if at all: Drinking too much alcohol can raise your blood pressure. To help prevent high blood pressure, limit how much alcohol you drink to no more than two drinks a day. The \"Dietary Guidelines for Americans\" recommends that for overall health, women should limit their alcohol to no more than one drink a day.\n * Reduce stress: Stress can make blood pressure go up, and over time may contribute to the cause of high blood pressure. There are many steps you can take to reduce your stress. The article on easing stress will get you started.\n\n#### Continued\n\nOther nutrients may also help prevent high blood pressure. Here's a roundup of\nthe research:\n\n * Potassium. Eating foods rich in potassium will help protect some people from developing high blood pressure. You probably can get enough potassium from your diet, so a supplement isn't necessary (and could be dangerous without a doctor's oversight). Many fruits, vegetables, dairy foods, and fish are good sources of potassium.\n * Calcium. Populations with low calcium intakes have high rates of high blood pressure. However, it has not been proven that taking calcium tablets will prevent high blood pressure. But it is important to be sure to get at least the recommended amount of calcium -- 1,000 milligrams per day for adults 19 to 50 years old and 1,200 mg for those over 50 (pregnant and breastfeeding women also need more) -- from the foods you eat. Dairy foods like low-fat milk, yogurt, and cheese are good sources of calcium. Low-fat and nonfat dairy products have even more calcium than the high-fat types.\n * Magnesium. A diet low in magnesium may make your blood pressure rise. But doctors don't recommend taking extra magnesium to help prevent high blood pressure -- the amount you get in a healthy diet is enough. Magnesium is found in whole grains, green leafy vegetables, nuts, seeds, and dry peas and beans.\n * Fish oils. A type of fat called \"omega-3 fatty acids\" is found in fatty fish like mackerel and salmon. Large amounts of fish oils may help reduce high blood pressure, but their role in prevention is unclear. Taking fish oil pills is not routinely recommended, primarily because it is unclear whether supplements can make a difference; getting omega 3’s as part of a heart healthy diet is best. Most fish, if not fried or made with added fat, is low in saturated fat and calories and can be eaten often.\n * Garlic. There has been some evidence to suggest garlic’s effect in lowering blood pressure, in addition to improving cholesterol and reducing some cancers. Further research is being conducted to fully assess garlic’s potential health benefits.\n\nAlways talk to your doctor before taking a dietary supplement or alternative\nherbal treatment. Some may interact with other medications you may be taking\nor have harmful side effects.\n\nWebMD Medical Reference\n\n#### Sources\n\nSources:\n\nAmerican Heart Association: “Exercise and Fitness.”\n\nAmerican College of Sports Medicine/American Heart Association: “Physical\nActivity and Public Health: Updated Recommendation for Adults.”\n\n© 2019 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nClick to view privacy policy and trust info\n\n### Next Article\n\nSlideshow: A Visual Guide to High Blood Pressure\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Men: Is Hypertension Harming Your Sex Life?\n * Is a Plant-Based Diet Good for Your Heart?\n * Are You at Risk for Prehypertension?\n * Quiz: Test Your Salt Smarts\n * What High Blood Pressure Does to Your Body\n * Could Your Blood Pressure Medication Trigger a Gout Attack?\n\n© 2005 - 2021 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/PreventionTreatmentofHighBloodPressure/Types-of-Blood-Pressure-Medications_UCM_303247_Article.jsp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170918224959/http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/PreventionTreatmentofHighBloodPressure/Types-of-Blood-Pressure-Medications_UCM_303247_Article.jsp", "parsed_text": { "title": "Types of Blood Pressure Medications", "passages": [ "Prescription blood pressure drugs come in many classes Many blood pressure medications, known as antihypertensives, are available by prescription to lower high blood pressure (HBP or hypertension). There are a variety of classes of high blood pressure medications and they include a number of different drugs. In the widget below, you will find an overview of the classes of blood pressure medication. To expand the information on a type of medication, simply click on the subject tab.", "Overviews of the classes of blood pressure medications In the tabs below, you’ll find summaries of some of the major types of commonly prescribed cardiovascular medications.", "For your information and reference, we have included generic names as well as major trade names to help you identify what you may be taking. However, this information does not signify a recommendation or endorsement from the American Heart Association.", "If your prescription medication isn’t on this list, remember that your healthcare provider and pharmacist are your best sources of information.", "It's important to discuss all of the drugs you take with your doctor and understand their desired effects and possible side effects.", "Diuretics help the body get rid of excess sodium (salt) and water and help control blood pressure. They are often used in combination with additional prescription therapies.", "Generic name| Common brand names ---|--- chlorthalidone| Hygroton* chlorothiazide| Diuril* furosemide| Lasix* hydrochlorothiazide| Esidrix*, Hydrodiuril*, Microzide* indapamide| Lozol* metolazone| Mykrox*, Zaroxolyn* Potassium-sparing diuretics", "Some of these drugs may decrease your body's supply of the mineral potassium. Symptoms such as weakness, leg cramps or being tired may result. Eating foods containing potassium may help prevent significant potassium loss. If your doctor recommends it, you could prevent potassium loss by taking a liquid or tablet that has potassium along with the diuretic. Diuretics such as amiloride (Midamar), spironolactone (Aldactone)", "Some people suffer from attacks of gout after prolonged treatment with diuretics. This side effect isn't common and can be managed by other treatment.", "People with diabetes may find that diuretic drugs increase their blood sugar level. A change in medication, diet, insulin or oral anti-diabetic dosage corrects this in most cases.", "Generic name| Common brand names ---|--- acebutolol| Sectral* atenolol| Tenormin* betaxolol| Kerlone* bisoprolol fumarate| Zebeta* carteolol hydrochloride| Cartrol* metoprolol tartrate| Lopressor* metoprolol succinate| Toprol-XL* nadolol| Corgard* penbutolol sulfate| Levatol* pindolol*| Visken* propranolol hydrochloride*| Inderal* solotol hydrochloride| Betapace* timolol maleate*| Blocadren* Combination beta-blocker/ diuretic", "If you have been prescribed beta-blockers, consult your healthcare provider prior to conception if you are considering pregnancy or if there is a chance you could become pregnant. If you discover that you are pregnant consult your healthcare provider as soon as possible to determine the safest medication for you at this time.", "Angiotensin is a chemical that causes the arteries to become narrow, especially in the kidneys but also throughout the body. ACE stands for Angiotensin-converting enzyme. ACE inhibitors help the body produce less angiotensin, which helps the blood vessels relax and open up, which, in turn, lowers blood pressure.", "Generic name| Common brand names ---|--- benazepril hydrochloride| Lotensin* captopril| Capoten* enalapril maleate| Vasotec* fosinopril sodium| Monopril* lisinopril| Prinivel*, Zestril* moexipril| Univasc* perindopril| Aceon* quinapril hydrochloride| Accupril* ramipril| Altace* trandolapril| Mavik*", "Women who are taking ACE inhibitors or ARBs for high blood pressure should not become pregnant while on this class of drugs. If you're taking an ACE inhibitor or an ARB and think you might be pregnant, see your doctor immediately. These drugs have been shown to be dangerous to both mother and baby during pregnancy. They can cause low blood pressure, severe kidney failure, excess potassium (hyperkalemia) and even death of the newborn.", "These drugs block the effects of angiotensin, a chemical that causes the arteries to become narrow. Angiotensin needs a receptor- like a chemical \"slot\" to fit into or bind with- in order to constrict the blood vessel. ARBs block the receptors so the angiotensin fails to constrict the blood vessel. This means blood vessels stay open and blood pressure is reduced.", "Generic name| Common brand names ---|--- candesartan| Atacand* eprosartan mesylate| Teveten* irbesarten| Avapro* losartan potassium| Cozaar* telmisartan| Micardis* valsartan| Diovan*", "ARBs should not be used during pregnancy. Medications that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury or even death to a developing fetus. When pregnancy is detected, consult your healthcare professional as soon as possible.", "This drug prevents calcium from entering the smooth muscle cells of the heart and arteries. When calcium enters these cells, it causes a stronger and harder contraction, so by decreasing the calcium, the hearts' contraction is not as forceful. Calcium channel blockers relax and open up narrowed blood vessels, reduce heart rate and lower blood pressure.", "Generic name| Common brand names ---|--- amlodipine besylate| Norvasc*, Lotrel* bepridil| Vasocor* diltiazem hydrochloride| Cardizem CD*, Cardizem SR*, Dilacor XR*, Tiazac* felodipine| Plendil* isradipine| DynaCirc*, DynaCirc CR* nicardipine| Cardene SR* nifedipine| Adalat CC*, Procardia XL* nisoldipine| Sular* verapamil hydrochloride| Calan SR*, Covera HS*, Isoptin SR*, Verelan*", "These drugs reduce blood pressure by decreasing the activity of the sympathetic (adrenaline-producing) portion of the involuntary nervous system. Methyldopa is considered a first line antihypertensive during pregnancy because adverse effects are infrequent for the pregnant woman or the developing fetus.", "Combined alpha and beta-blockers are used as an IV drip for those patients experiencing a hypertensive crisis. They may be prescribed for outpatient high blood pressure use if the patient is at risk for heart failure.", "Central agonists also help decrease the blood vessels' ability to tense up or contract. The central agonists follow a different nerve pathway than the alpha and beta-blockers, but accomplish the same goal of blood pressure reduction.", "Alpha methyldopa (Aldomet)* may produce a greater drop in blood pressure when you're in an upright position (standing or walking), and it may make you feel weak or faint if the pressure has been lowered too far. This drug may also cause drowsiness or sluggishness, dryness of the mouth, fever or anemia. Male patients may experience impotence. If this side effect persists, your doctor may have to change the drug dosage or use another medication.", "These medications reduce blood pressure by blocking neurotransmitters in the brain. This blocks the smooth muscles from getting the \"message\" to constrict. These drugs are rarely used unless other medications don't help.", "Reserpine may cause a stuffy nose, diarrhea or heartburn. These effects aren't severe, and no treatment is required other than to change the dosage. If you have nightmares or insomnia or get depressed, tell your doctor immediately.", "Guanadrel (Hylorel)* or guanethidine (Ismelin)* may cause some diarrhea, which may persist in some people. This side effect usually becomes less of a problem if you continue treatment. These drugs reduce blood pressure more when you stand. Consequently, you may get dizzy and lightheaded and feel weak when you get out of bed in the morning or stand up suddenly. If you notice any of these reactions and if they persist for more than a minute or two, contact your doctor. He/she may instruct you to reduce or omit the next dose of the medication.", "When taking guanethidine, don't stand in the hot sun or at a social gathering if you begin to feel faint or weak. These activities cause low blood pressure and fainting. Male patients may experience impotence. Contact your doctor if either of these side effects occurs.", "Blood vessel dilators, or vasodilators, can cause the muscle in the walls of the blood vessels (especially the arterioles) to relax, allowing the vessel to dilate (widen). This allows blood to flow through better.", "Hydralazine (Apresoline)* may cause headaches, swelling around the eyes, heart palpitations or aches and pains in the joints. Usually none of these symptoms are severe, and most will go away after a few weeks of treatment. This drug isn't usually used by itself.", "Minoxidil (Loniten)* is a potent drug that's usually used only in resistant cases of severe high blood pressure. It may cause fluid retention (marked weight gain) or excessive hair growth.", "Our Interactive Cardiovascular Library has detailed animations and illustrations to help you learn about conditions, treatments and procedures related to heart disease and stroke." ] }, "parsed_md": "Types of Blood Pressure Medications\n\nSkip to Content\n\nAmerican Heart Association Learn and Live\n\nLocal Info Languages Careers Volunteer Donate\n\n## Get Your Local Info\n\nFind out what is happening at your local American Heart area\n\n## SELECT YOUR LANGUAGE\n\nEspañol (Spanish)\n\n简体中文 (Traditional Chinese)\n\n繁体中文 (Simplified Chinese)\n\nTiếng Việt (Vietnamese)\n\n# Types of Blood Pressure Medications\n\nUpdated:Sep 15,2017\n\nPrescription blood pressure drugs come in many classes Many blood pressure\nmedications, known as antihypertensives, are available by prescription to\nlower high blood pressure (HBP or hypertension). There are a variety of\nclasses of high blood pressure medications and they include a number of\ndifferent drugs. In the widget below, you will find an overview of the classes\nof blood pressure medication. To expand the information on a type of\nmedication, simply click on the subject tab.\n\nOverviews of the classes of blood pressure medications In the tabs below,\nyou’ll find summaries of some of the major types of commonly prescribed\ncardiovascular medications.\n\n * For your information and reference, we have included generic names as well as major trade names to help you identify what you may be taking. However, this information does not signify a recommendation or endorsement from the American Heart Association.\n * If your prescription medication isn’t on this list, remember that your healthcare provider and pharmacist are your best sources of information.\n * It's important to discuss all of the drugs you take with your doctor and understand their desired effects and possible side effects.\n * Never stop taking a medication and never change your dose or frequency without first consulting your doctor.\n\nThe classes of blood pressure medications include:\n\n### Diuretics\n\nDiuretics help the body get rid of excess sodium (salt) and water and help\ncontrol blood pressure. They are often used in combination with additional\nprescription therapies.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \nchlorthalidone| Hygroton* \nchlorothiazide| Diuril* \nfurosemide| Lasix* \nhydrochlorothiazide| Esidrix*, Hydrodiuril*, Microzide* \nindapamide| Lozol* \nmetolazone| Mykrox*, Zaroxolyn* \nPotassium-sparing diuretics \n--- \namiloride hydrochloride| Midamar* \nspironolactone| Aldactone* \ntriamterene| Dyrenium* \nLoop diuretic \n--- \nbumetanide| Bumex* \nCombination diuretics \n--- \namiloride hydrochloride + hydrochlorothiazide| Moduretic* \nspironolactone + hydrochlorothiazide| Aldactazide* \ntriamterene + hydrochlorothiazide| Dyazide*, Maxzide* \n \nSome noted possible side effects from diuretics:\n\n * Some of these drugs may decrease your body's supply of the mineral potassium. Symptoms such as weakness, leg cramps or being tired may result. Eating foods containing potassium may help prevent significant potassium loss. If your doctor recommends it, you could prevent potassium loss by taking a liquid or tablet that has potassium along with the diuretic. Diuretics such as amiloride (Midamar)*, spironolactone (Aldactone)* or triamterene (Dyrenium)* are called \"potassium sparing\" agents. They don't cause the body to lose potassium. They might be prescribed alone, but are usually used with another diuretic. Some of these combinations are Aldactazide*, Dyazide*, Maxzide* or Moduretic*.\n * Some people suffer from attacks of gout after prolonged treatment with diuretics. This side effect isn't common and can be managed by other treatment.\n * People with diabetes may find that diuretic drugs increase their blood sugar level. A change in medication, diet, insulin or oral anti-diabetic dosage corrects this in most cases.\n * Impotence may occur.\n\n### Beta-blockers\n\nBeta-blockers reduce the heart rate, the heart's workload and the heart's\noutput of blood, which lowers blood pressure.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \nacebutolol| Sectral* \natenolol| Tenormin* \nbetaxolol| Kerlone* \nbisoprolol fumarate| Zebeta* \ncarteolol hydrochloride| Cartrol* \nmetoprolol tartrate| Lopressor* \nmetoprolol succinate| Toprol-XL* \nnadolol| Corgard* \npenbutolol sulfate| Levatol* \npindolol*| Visken* \npropranolol hydrochloride*| Inderal* \nsolotol hydrochloride| Betapace* \ntimolol maleate*| Blocadren* \nCombination beta-blocker/ diuretic \n--- \nhydrochlorothiazide and bisoprolol| Ziac* \n \nSome noted possible side effects of beta-blockers:\n\n * Insomnia\n * Cold hands and feet\n * Tiredness or depression\n * Slow heartbeat\n * Symptoms of asthma\n * Impotence may also occur\n * If you have diabetes and you're taking insulin, have your responses to therapy monitored closely.\n * If you have been prescribed beta-blockers, consult your healthcare provider prior to conception if you are considering pregnancy or if there is a chance you could become pregnant. If you discover that you are pregnant consult your healthcare provider as soon as possible to determine the safest medication for you at this time.\n\n### ACE inhibitors\n\nAngiotensin is a chemical that causes the arteries to become narrow,\nespecially in the kidneys but also throughout the body. ACE stands for\nAngiotensin-converting enzyme. ACE inhibitors help the body produce less\nangiotensin, which helps the blood vessels relax and open up, which, in turn,\nlowers blood pressure.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \nbenazepril hydrochloride| Lotensin* \ncaptopril| Capoten* \nenalapril maleate| Vasotec* \nfosinopril sodium| Monopril* \nlisinopril| Prinivel*, Zestril* \nmoexipril| Univasc* \nperindopril| Aceon* \nquinapril hydrochloride| Accupril* \nramipril| Altace* \ntrandolapril| Mavik* \n \nSome noted possible side effects of ACE inhibitors:\n\n * Skin rash\n * Loss of taste\n * Chronic dry, hacking cough\n * In rare instances, kidney damage\n * Women who are taking ACE inhibitors or ARBs for high blood pressure should not become pregnant while on this class of drugs. If you're taking an ACE inhibitor or an ARB and think you might be pregnant, see your doctor immediately. These drugs have been shown to be dangerous to both mother and baby during pregnancy. They can cause low blood pressure, severe kidney failure, excess potassium (hyperkalemia) and even death of the newborn.\n\n### Angiotensin II receptor blockers\n\nThese drugs block the effects of angiotensin, a chemical that causes the\narteries to become narrow. Angiotensin needs a receptor- like a chemical\n\"slot\" to fit into or bind with- in order to constrict the blood vessel. ARBs\nblock the receptors so the angiotensin fails to constrict the blood vessel.\nThis means blood vessels stay open and blood pressure is reduced.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \ncandesartan| Atacand* \neprosartan mesylate| Teveten* \nirbesarten| Avapro* \nlosartan potassium| Cozaar* \ntelmisartan| Micardis* \nvalsartan| Diovan* \n \nSome noted possible side effects of Angiotensin II receptor blockers:\n\n * May cause occasional dizziness.\n * ARBs should not be used during pregnancy. Medications that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury or even death to a developing fetus. When pregnancy is detected, consult your healthcare professional as soon as possible.\n\n### Calcium channel blockers\n\nThis drug prevents calcium from entering the smooth muscle cells of the heart\nand arteries. When calcium enters these cells, it causes a stronger and harder\ncontraction, so by decreasing the calcium, the hearts' contraction is not as\nforceful. Calcium channel blockers relax and open up narrowed blood vessels,\nreduce heart rate and lower blood pressure.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \namlodipine besylate| Norvasc*, Lotrel* \nbepridil| Vasocor* \ndiltiazem hydrochloride| Cardizem CD*, Cardizem SR*, Dilacor XR*, Tiazac* \nfelodipine| Plendil* \nisradipine| DynaCirc*, DynaCirc CR* \nnicardipine| Cardene SR* \nnifedipine| Adalat CC*, Procardia XL* \nnisoldipine| Sular* \nverapamil hydrochloride| Calan SR*, Covera HS*, Isoptin SR*, Verelan* \n \nSome noted possible side effects of calcium channel blockers:\n\n * Palpitations\n * Swollen ankles\n * Constipation\n * Headache\n * Dizziness\n\n### Alpha blockers\n\nThese drugs reduce the arteries' resistance, relaxing the muscle tone of the\nvascular walls.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \ndoxazosin mesylate| Cardura* \nprazosin hydrochloride| Minipress* \nterazosin hydrochloride| Hytrin* \n \nSome noted possible side effects of alpha blockers:\n\n * Fast heart rate\n * Dizziness\n * A drop in blood pressure when you stand up\n\n### Alpha-2 Receptor Agonists\n\nThese drugs reduce blood pressure by decreasing the activity of the\nsympathetic (adrenaline-producing) portion of the involuntary nervous system.\nMethyldopa is considered a first line antihypertensive during pregnancy\nbecause adverse effects are infrequent for the pregnant woman or the\ndeveloping fetus.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \nmethyldopa \n \nSome noted possible side effects of Alpha-2 Receptor Agonists:\n\n * Methyldopa can cause drowsiness or dizziness\n\n### Combined alpha and beta-blockers\n\nCombined alpha and beta-blockers are used as an IV drip for those patients\nexperiencing a hypertensive crisis. They may be prescribed for outpatient high\nblood pressure use if the patient is at risk for heart failure.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \ncarvedilol| Coreg* \nlabetalol hydrochloride| Normodyne*, Trandate* \n \nA noted possible side effect of combined alpha and beta-blockers:\n\n * May cause a drop in blood pressure when you stand up\n\n### Central agonists\n\nCentral agonists also help decrease the blood vessels' ability to tense up or\ncontract. The central agonists follow a different nerve pathway than the alpha\nand beta-blockers, but accomplish the same goal of blood pressure reduction.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \nalpha methyldopa| Aldomet* \nclonidine hydrochloride| Catapres* \nguanabenz acetate| Wytensin* \nguanfacine hydrochloride| Tenex* \n \nSome noted possible side effects of central agonists:\n\n * Alpha methyldopa (Aldomet)* may produce a greater drop in blood pressure when you're in an upright position (standing or walking), and it may make you feel weak or faint if the pressure has been lowered too far. This drug may also cause drowsiness or sluggishness, dryness of the mouth, fever or anemia. Male patients may experience impotence. If this side effect persists, your doctor may have to change the drug dosage or use another medication.\n * Clonidine (Catapres)*, guanabenz (Wytensin)* or guanfacine (Tenex)* may produce severe dryness of the mouth, constipation or drowsiness. If you're taking any of these drugs, don't stop suddenly because your blood pressure may rise quickly to dangerously high levels.\n\n### Peripheral adrenergic inhibitors\n\nThese medications reduce blood pressure by blocking neurotransmitters in the\nbrain. This blocks the smooth muscles from getting the \"message\" to constrict.\nThese drugs are rarely used unless other medications don't help.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \nguanadrel| Hylorel* \nguanethidine monosulfate| Ismelin* \nreserpine| Serpasil* \n \nSome noted possible side effects of peripheral adrenergic inhibitors:\n\n * Reserpine may cause a stuffy nose, diarrhea or heartburn. These effects aren't severe, and no treatment is required other than to change the dosage. If you have nightmares or insomnia or get depressed, tell your doctor immediately.\n * Guanadrel (Hylorel)* or guanethidine (Ismelin)* may cause some diarrhea, which may persist in some people. This side effect usually becomes less of a problem if you continue treatment. These drugs reduce blood pressure more when you stand. Consequently, you may get dizzy and lightheaded and feel weak when you get out of bed in the morning or stand up suddenly. If you notice any of these reactions and if they persist for more than a minute or two, contact your doctor. He/she may instruct you to reduce or omit the next dose of the medication.\n * When taking guanethidine, don't stand in the hot sun or at a social gathering if you begin to feel faint or weak. These activities cause low blood pressure and fainting. Male patients may experience impotence. Contact your doctor if either of these side effects occurs.\n\n### Blood vessel dilators (vasodilators)\n\nBlood vessel dilators, or vasodilators, can cause the muscle in the walls of\nthe blood vessels (especially the arterioles) to relax, allowing the vessel to\ndilate (widen). This allows blood to flow through better.\n\nGeneric name| Common brand names \n---|--- \nhydralazine hydrocholoride| Apresoline* \nminoxidil| Loniten*† \n \nSome noted possible side effects of vasodilators:\n\n * Hydralazine (Apresoline)* may cause headaches, swelling around the eyes, heart palpitations or aches and pains in the joints. Usually none of these symptoms are severe, and most will go away after a few weeks of treatment. This drug isn't usually used by itself.\n * Minoxidil (Loniten)* is a potent drug that's usually used only in resistant cases of severe high blood pressure. It may cause fluid retention (marked weight gain) or excessive hair growth.\n\n† Used in severe cases or when kidney failure is present.\n\nThis content was last reviewed October 2016.\n\n## High Blood Pressure\n\n * • Home\n * • Get the Facts About HBP\n * • Know Your Numbers\n * • Understand Symptoms and Risks\n * • Learn How HBP Can Harm Your Health\n * • Make Changes That Matter\n * * Introduction\n * Diet\n * * \\- Shaking the Salt Habit\n * \\- Potassium\n * \\- Alcohol\n * Physical Activity\n * Stress\n * Weight Management\n * Smoking\n * Medications\n * * \\- OTC Medications\n * \\- Managing Prescriptions\n * \\- Types of Medications\n * Partnering With Your Doctor\n * • Find Tools & Resources\n\n## Watch, Learn and Live\n\nOur Interactive Cardiovascular Library has detailed animations and\nillustrations to help you learn about conditions, treatments and procedures\nrelated to heart disease and stroke.\n\n## HBP Resources\n\n * Animation Library\n * Track Your Blood Pressure: Print (PDF) | Online\n * How to Measure Your Blood Pressure (PDF)\n * Questions To Ask Your Doctor (PDF)\n\nFind More Resources and Fact Sheets\n\n * Popular Articles\n\n 1. 1 Understanding Blood Pressure Readings\n 2. 2 Sodium and Salt\n 3. 3 Target Heart Rates\n 4. 4 Heart Attack Symptoms in Women\n 5. 5 How to Eat Healthy\n 6. 6 What are the Symptoms of High Blood Pressure?\n 7. 7 All About Heart Rate (Pulse)\n 8. 8 Warning Signs of a Heart Attack\n 9. 9 Tachycardia | Fast Heart Rate\n 10. 10 Low Blood Pressure - When Blood Pressure Is Too Low\n\n*Red Dress TM DHHS, Go Red TM AHA ; National Wear Red Day® is a registered trademark.\n\nThis site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\ninformation: verify here.\n\n" } ]
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How To Calculate the Age of a Person Using Palmistry
To calculate the age of a person by using palmistry, start by identifying the life line, or the curved line that starts between the thumb and index finger and runs down towards the wrist. Next, find the heart line, located at the top of the palm, parallel to where the fingers meet the hand. Then, use the ratio of the life line to the heart line to calculate the person’s age. For example, a life line to heart line ratio of 0.36 indicates a lifespan of 64 years.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303112347/https://www.md-health.com/Palm-Reading-Guide.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210817191905/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/07/palm-reading/395288/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414113837/http://palmreadingguidelines.com/palm-reading/palm-reading-life-line.htm" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.md-health.com/Palm-Reading-Guide.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303112347/https://www.md-health.com/Palm-Reading-Guide.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "A Detailed Guide to Palm Reading", "passages": [ "Palm reading, palmistry or chiromancy is a popular art in Asia, though its popularity has grown in other parts of the world over the years. A person's hands are imprinted with many of these markings from birth while others appear as the hands grow and change, so in many cases palm reading focuses more on how these lines interact rather than what the lines look like. These relationships can be used to determine health, mental, emotional and physical characteristics which can have an impact on the person whose palm is being read.", "The art of palm reading, commonly referred to as palmistry, is based on the idea that you can tell someone's future based on the imprints and markings found on the palm of their hands. Lines on the palm may either be large and thick, or thin and small. Mounts, markings and how the lines cross or interact with one another on both of the hands are considered when reading a palm. In some cases characteristics of the arm, fingers and nails will also be considered when determining the future and characteristics of the person whose palm is being read.", "The first step in palm reading is determining which hand should be used. In many cases both hands will be read, but different age and gender groups should have different hands used as their primary reading source. The left hand, or the \"born to be\" hand represents characteristics that were inherent to the person from birth. The right hand, or the \"grown to be\" hand will represent the status and achievements that are earned as people grow and gain their independence. The right and left hands also represent Ying and Yang, respectively.", "Men who are less than 30 years old should have the left hand used as their primary hand, while the right hand will be used as a supplementary hand for additional information.", "A man over 30 should use the exact opposite of this method. This is because as a young man, you will be more influenced by your parents, upbringing and heritage, while as an adult you are more independent and things such as health, social status and outside relationships tend to have more value.", "Women under 30 should use the right hand as their primary hand due to its association with Ying, and should switch to using the left hand as their primary reading hand once they age past 30.", "Once you have selected the proper hand to use, it is time to start identifying the major lines which affect the reading.", "Heart line - The first to locate is the heart line. This line is near the top of the palm and extends from the index finger and can extend through the pinkie. If the line is long that implies a steady love life, while shorter lines imply that this person may fall in love easily or may be a bit less interested in romance. If the line is curvy then this person may have many different relationships or express their feelings more openly, while a straight line implies that this person is more likely to keep their head in romantic situations. Breaks or circles in the line signify emotional trauma.", "Head line - The head line, which runs horizontally through the center of the palm represents this person's thinking style. Curved lines represent people who are more creative or spontaneous while a straight line implies that this person is more straightforward. If this line does not touch the life line it implies that this person is adventurous. Breaks in the head line show inconsistencies and doughnuts or crosses imply emotional crises that the person has suffered.", "Life line - The next major line down in palm reading guide, starting near the thumb and curving in an arc is the life line. Many palm readers consider this one of the most important line on the hand. This line reflects health, major life changes or the person's well-being. The depth of this line implies vitality, while shallow lines imply that this person can be easily manipulated. In some cases, a person will have multiple life lines which implies that they are especially vital. Breaks in the line imply sudden changes in lifestyle while circles imply major injuries or illnesses. Swoops or a semicircle on the fate line shows the enthusiasm and strength the person lends to their life.", "Fate line - The final major line is the fate line, which represents items that are beyond the person's control. This line is more vertical and cuts through the center of the palm. If this line is deep this person is strongly controlled by their fate, while a lighter line implies that they have more freedom. Many breaks in this line imply that the person's life is often changed by external forces, but if the line joins the life line this implies that the person set their aspirations and goals very early on. If this line hits the life line in the center this signifies a point where the person must surrender to the will of others. However, if it starts at the base of the thumb and completely crosses the life line this shows that this person is strongly supported by their friends and family.", "Hope this palm reading guide help you understand the art better and you can get started reading your palms or others!", "Change your attitudes towards life, smile more and be grateful to live in the moment and enjoy a healthy and satisfied life. Remember: All is well!" ] }, "parsed_md": "A Detailed Guide to Palm Reading | MD-Health.com\n\nBetter Health Information from Doctors.\n\nAbout Us\n\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Exercise & Fitness\n * Diet & Nutrition\n * Women's Health\n * Blood Health\n * Ebola\n\n * Home >\n * Funny Lives >\n * A Detailed Guide to Palm Reading\n\n# A Detailed Guide to Palm Reading\n\n## Palm reading is an ancient art. Palm reading guide compares the lines,\npatterns and formations across the hands to make judgments about the person's\nfuture or general nature.\n\nPalm reading, palmistry or chiromancy is a popular art in Asia, though its\npopularity has grown in other parts of the world over the years. A person's\nhands are imprinted with many of these markings from birth while others appear\nas the hands grow and change, so in many cases palm reading focuses more on\nhow these lines interact rather than what the lines look like. These\nrelationships can be used to determine health, mental, emotional and physical\ncharacteristics which can have an impact on the person whose palm is being\nread.\n\n### What is Palm Reading or Palmistry?\n\nThe art of palm reading, commonly referred to as palmistry, is based on the\nidea that you can tell someone's future based on the imprints and markings\nfound on the palm of their hands. Lines on the palm may either be large and\nthick, or thin and small. Mounts, markings and how the lines cross or interact\nwith one another on both of the hands are considered when reading a palm. In\nsome cases characteristics of the arm, fingers and nails will also be\nconsidered when determining the future and characteristics of the person whose\npalm is being read.\n\n### Palm Reading Guide: How to Read\n\n#### Which Hand to Use\n\nThe first step in palm reading is determining which hand should be used. In\nmany cases both hands will be read, but different age and gender groups should\nhave different hands used as their primary reading source. The left hand, or\nthe \"born to be\" hand represents characteristics that were inherent to the\nperson from birth. The right hand, or the \"grown to be\" hand will represent\nthe status and achievements that are earned as people grow and gain their\nindependence. The right and left hands also represent Ying and Yang,\nrespectively.\n\n * Men who are less than 30 years old should have the left hand used as their primary hand, while the right hand will be used as a supplementary hand for additional information.\n * A man over 30 should use the exact opposite of this method. This is because as a young man, you will be more influenced by your parents, upbringing and heritage, while as an adult you are more independent and things such as health, social status and outside relationships tend to have more value.\n * Women under 30 should use the right hand as their primary hand due to its association with Ying, and should switch to using the left hand as their primary reading hand once they age past 30.\n\n#### Identifying Major Lines\n\nOnce you have selected the proper hand to use, it is time to start identifying\nthe major lines which affect the reading.\n\nHeart line - The first to locate is the heart line. This line is near the top\nof the palm and extends from the index finger and can extend through the\npinkie. If the line is long that implies a steady love life, while shorter\nlines imply that this person may fall in love easily or may be a bit less\ninterested in romance. If the line is curvy then this person may have many\ndifferent relationships or express their feelings more openly, while a\nstraight line implies that this person is more likely to keep their head in\nromantic situations. Breaks or circles in the line signify emotional trauma.\n\nHead line - The head line, which runs horizontally through the center of the\npalm represents this person's thinking style. Curved lines represent people\nwho are more creative or spontaneous while a straight line implies that this\nperson is more straightforward. If this line does not touch the life line it\nimplies that this person is adventurous. Breaks in the head line show\ninconsistencies and doughnuts or crosses imply emotional crises that the\nperson has suffered.\n\nLife line - The next major line down in palm reading guide, starting near the\nthumb and curving in an arc is the life line. Many palm readers consider this\none of the most important line on the hand. This line reflects health, major\nlife changes or the person's well-being. The depth of this line implies\nvitality, while shallow lines imply that this person can be easily\nmanipulated. In some cases, a person will have multiple life lines which\nimplies that they are especially vital. Breaks in the line imply sudden\nchanges in lifestyle while circles imply major injuries or illnesses. Swoops\nor a semicircle on the fate line shows the enthusiasm and strength the person\nlends to their life.\n\nFate line - The final major line is the fate line, which represents items that\nare beyond the person's control. This line is more vertical and cuts through\nthe center of the palm. If this line is deep this person is strongly\ncontrolled by their fate, while a lighter line implies that they have more\nfreedom. Many breaks in this line imply that the person's life is often\nchanged by external forces, but if the line joins the life line this implies\nthat the person set their aspirations and goals very early on. If this line\nhits the life line in the center this signifies a point where the person must\nsurrender to the will of others. However, if it starts at the base of the\nthumb and completely crosses the life line this shows that this person is\nstrongly supported by their friends and family.\n\nHope this palm reading guide help you understand the art better and you can\nget started reading your palms or others!\n\n## Recommended:\n\n## How to Live in the Moment\n\nChange your attitudes towards life, smile more and be grateful to live in the\nmoment and enjoy a healthy and satisfied life. Remember: All is well!\n\nView All »\n\n## Health Conditions:\n\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Exercise & Fitness\n * Diet & Nutrition\n * Women's Health\n * Blood Health\n * Cancers\n * Children's Health\n * Dermatology\n * Digestive Disorders\n * Ear-Nose-Throat\n * Eye Disorders\n * Endocrine & Immune System\n\nMORE »\n\n## Same Category:\n\n * 50 Truth or Dare Questions for Teens\n * 4 Ways to Make Carbonated Water\n * Why Do People Stare at Me?\n * Proper Outfits to Wear to a Funeral\n * What Are the Fun Stereotypes of Men?\n * Why Do We Dream?\n * How to Live in the Moment\n * 11 Positive Side of Physician Assisted Suicide\n\nCopyRight © WWW.MD-HEALTH.COM. Last Updated 03 March, 2021.\n\nCurrent time: 03/03/2021 06:23:47 am (America/New_York) Memory usage:\n1521.24KB\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/07/palm-reading/395288/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210817191905/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/07/palm-reading/395288/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Palm Reading Is Real?", "passages": [ "For thousands of years, palm readers have examined hands in order to predict the future. As it turns out, they may not have been entirely off base: the human hand contains a wealth of information. Because a baby’s hands form early in gestation, researchers like to say that they amount to a “fossilized record” of early development, one that may provide insight into future well- being.", "For example, hundreds of studies have shown that the ratio of index-finger to ring-finger length correlates with many traits. Most researchers believe that this is because the ring finger’s length indicates prenatal testosterone exposure, which is known to have a lasting influence. Compared with a man who has a shorter ring finger, a man whose ring finger is longer than his index finger is likely to have a more attractive face [1], greater athletic talent [2], a longer penis [3], and—perhaps not coincidentally—more children [4]. A male whose index fingers are longer, meanwhile, is more prone to schizophrenia [5] and early heart disease [6]. Then again, he is less likely to be autistic [7] or to have ADHD [8]. Digit ratio may even reveal something about a person’s propensity for self-control: research inspired by the famous “marshmallow study”—which measured preschoolers’ ability to delay gratification—found that kids with longer index than ring fingers were more likely to resist temptation [9].", "You may have heard that the more symmetrical a person’s face and body are, the more attractive he is considered to be, perhaps because symmetry suggests good genes. And indeed, matching hands bode well: A man whose left and right fingers match up is apt to have faster and more plentiful sperm than one whose fingers don’t match [10]. Another study found that men with mismatched hands reported being depressed more frequently [11].", "The lines on hands may also provide clues about early development. It’s well known that people with Down syndrome and people with fetal alcohol syndrome, as well as children of women who had measles while pregnant, are more likely than other people to have a “simian crease,” a horizontal line stretching from one edge of the palm to the other. In addition, although the overall research is not conclusive, some studies suggest that abnormal fingerprint patterns, such as those with a higher-than-average number of certain whorls, arches, or ridges, appear disproportionately among people with schizophrenia [12] and people who develop diabetes in middle age [13], possibly signaling a gestational disruption such as maternal illness. And males are more likely to have abnormal fingerprint patterns than females are—perhaps, researchers have suggested, because male embryos are more vulnerable to environmental influences [14].", "Speaking of fingerprints, one study found that people who consume large amounts of salt and preservatives leave sweatier, saltier prints that are more likely to corrode certain metals, and thus are easier for detectives to pick up off, say, a bullet [15]. For lawbreakers who love junk food, this finding may be the most predictive of all—at least when it comes to where they will be living for the next five to 10 years." ] }, "parsed_md": "Palm Reading Is Real? - The Atlantic\n\n# Palm Reading Is Real?\n\nHow your hands actually predict your future\n\nBy Eleanor Smith\n\nJeong Suh / Bryan Christie Design\n\nJuly/August 2015 Issue\n\nFor thousands of years, palm readers have examined hands in order to predict\nthe future. As it turns out, they may not have been entirely off base: the\nhuman hand contains a wealth of information. Because a baby’s hands form early\nin gestation, researchers like to say that they amount to a “fossilized\nrecord” of early development, one that may provide insight into future well-\nbeing.\n\nFor example, hundreds of studies have shown that the ratio of index-finger to\nring-finger length correlates with many traits. Most researchers believe that\nthis is because the ring finger’s length indicates prenatal testosterone\nexposure, which is known to have a lasting influence. Compared with a man who\nhas a shorter ring finger, a man whose ring finger is longer than his index\nfinger is likely to have a more attractive face [1], greater athletic talent\n[2], a longer penis [3], and—perhaps not coincidentally—more children [4]. A\nmale whose index fingers are longer, meanwhile, is more prone to schizophrenia\n[5] and early heart disease [6]. Then again, he is less likely to be autistic\n[7] or to have ADHD [8]. Digit ratio may even reveal something about a\nperson’s propensity for self-control: research inspired by the famous\n“marshmallow study”—which measured preschoolers’ ability to delay\ngratification—found that kids with longer index than ring fingers were more\nlikely to resist temptation [9].\n\nYou may have heard that the more symmetrical a person’s face and body are, the\nmore attractive he is considered to be, perhaps because symmetry suggests good\ngenes. And indeed, matching hands bode well: A man whose left and right\nfingers match up is apt to have faster and more plentiful sperm than one whose\nfingers don’t match [10]. Another study found that men with mismatched hands\nreported being depressed more frequently [11].\n\nThe lines on hands may also provide clues about early development. It’s well\nknown that people with Down syndrome and people with fetal alcohol syndrome,\nas well as children of women who had measles while pregnant, are more likely\nthan other people to have a “simian crease,” a horizontal line stretching from\none edge of the palm to the other. In addition, although the overall research\nis not conclusive, some studies suggest that abnormal fingerprint patterns,\nsuch as those with a higher-than-average number of certain whorls, arches, or\nridges, appear disproportionately among people with schizophrenia [12] and\npeople who develop diabetes in middle age [13], possibly signaling a\ngestational disruption such as maternal illness. And males are more likely to\nhave abnormal fingerprint patterns than females are—perhaps, researchers have\nsuggested, because male embryos are more vulnerable to environmental\ninfluences [14].\n\nSpeaking of fingerprints, one study found that people who consume large\namounts of salt and preservatives leave sweatier, saltier prints that are more\nlikely to corrode certain metals, and thus are easier for detectives to pick\nup off, say, a bullet [15]. For lawbreakers who love junk food, this finding\nmay be the most predictive of all—at least when it comes to where they will be\nliving for the next five to 10 years.\n\n### The Studies:\n\n[1] Ferdenzi et al., “Digit Ratio (2D:4D) Predicts Facial, but Not Voice or\nBody Odour, Attractiveness in Men” (Proceedings of the Royal Society B, April\n2011)\n\n[2] Giffin et al., “Varsity Athletes Have Lower 2D:4D Ratios Than Other\nUniversity Students” (Journal of Sports Sciences, Dec. 2011)\n\n[3] Choi et al., “Second to Fourth Digit Ratio” (Asian Journal of Andrology,\nJuly 2011)\n\n[4] Klimek et al., “Digit Ratio (2D:4D) as an Indicator of Body Size,\nTestosterone Concentration and Number of Children in Human Males” (Annals of\nHuman Biology, April 2014)\n\n[5] Collinson et al., “Increased Ratio of 2nd to 4th Digit (2D:4D) in\nSchizophrenia” (Psychiatry Research, Aug. 2009)\n\n[6] Wu et al., “The Ratio of Second to Fourth Digit Length (2D:4D) and\nCoronary Artery Disease in a Han Chinese Population” (International Journal of\nMedical Sciences, Sept. 2013)\n\n[7] Manning et al., “The 2nd to 4th Digit Ratio and Autism” (Developmental\nMedicine and Child Neurology, March 2001)\n\n[8] Martel et al., “Masculinized Finger-Length Ratios of Boys, but Not Girls,\nAre Associated With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder” (Behavioral\nNeuroscience, April 2008)\n\n[9] Da Silva et al., “2D:4D Digit Ratio Predicts Delay of Gratification in\nPreschoolers” (plos One, Dec. 2014)\n\n[10] Manning et al., “Developmental Stability, Ejaculate Size, and Sperm\nQuality in Men” (Evolution & Human Behavior, May 1998)\n\n[11] Martin et al., “Fluctuating Asymmetry, Relative Digit Length, and\nDepression in Men” (EHB, March 1999)\n\n[12] Sivkov et al., “Dermatoglyphics in Schizophrenia” (Folia Medica, Feb.\n1998)\n\n[13] Kahn et al., “A Fingerprint Marker From Early Gestation Associated With\nDiabetes in Middle Age” (International Journal of Epidemiology, Aug. 2008)\n\n[14] Ahmed-Popova et al., “Dermatoglyphics—A Possible Biomarker in the\nNeurodevelopmental Model for the Origin of Mental Disorders” (Folia Medica,\nApril 2014)\n\n[15] Meekins et al., “Effect of Chloride Ion Concentration on the Galvanic\nCorrosion of Phase Brass by Eccrine Sweat” (Forensic Sciences, July 2012)\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://palmreadingguidelines.com/palm-reading/palm-reading-life-line.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414113837/http://palmreadingguidelines.com/palm-reading/palm-reading-life-line.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Life Line: Line of life in Palm Reading & Palmistry!", "passages": [ "The classic association between the length of the life line and longevity finds it's origins in Hindu palmistry: the Indians call the line of life the pithru or gotha rekha. However, scientific studies have indicated that the link between the lenght of the line of life and longivity is rather weak.", "In 1974 American researchers (M.E. Wilson & L.E. Mather) presented a study which reports: \"lack of correlation between length of life line and age of death\"; however, in 1990 British researchers presented a study which reports regarding the length of the life line: \"a strong statistical correlation, particularly for the right hand, and age at death\". Now, what is the scientific truth behind these finds?", "First of all, it is important to notice that many palm readers & hand analysts today make statements which debunk the classic theory which suggests that longevity can be read from the length of the life line. And even in the palmistry literature reports have been made regarding the fact that many people who die young often happen to have a long life line, and short life lines have been noticed among those who died at high age.", "Combining this (modern) observation with the fact that variations in the palmar lines have been recognized to represent minor physical anomalies, one can understand how the statistical link between short life lines and short longevity basically represents just a sensible manifestation of how biology works:", "Palm Reading the 6 major lines. The book 'Anthroplogy of Crease Morphogenesis' (R.S. Bali, 1994) describes how the palmar lines & palmisty have been perceived to represent synonymous relationship and how the stigma of fortune- telling has debarred the hand lines from scientific courts.", "In the fields of palm reading & palmistry six lines are recognized to represent the major palmar lines (or palm creases), and the life line represents one of them. However, in the scientific perspective only the first four are recognized to represent 'primary creases' because of their embryonic nature + their pre-ordained shape and position.", "Palm reading/palmistry: analysing your marriage line. Much has been written about the life line; however, even the start- and end points have been disputed. Generally, the starting point of the life line is perceived to be found at it's radial termination (between the thumb and the index finger). This is also confirmed by embryologic studies which have pointed out that the life line (= thenar crease) starts developing in the 7th week of pregnancy above the upper thenar; later the line usually progresses into the palm curving around the mount of venus (= thenar eminence).", "Palm reading marriage line: 9 variations! While processing the info presented above, please be aware that many concepts & theories for the 'life line' have been proposed inside the palm reading & palmistry literature. Unfortunately few of these concepts have been widely adopted, and far most of them have never been tested independently!", "According Multi-Perspective Palm Reading it is likely unrealistic to expect that a reliable assessment for anything at all can be made with just a single feature of the hand: other perspectives of the hand really need to get involved as well!", "Palm Reading life line: hand lines - Palm Reading Life line: thenar crease - Palm Reading life line: age calculation" ] }, "parsed_md": "PALM READING - Life Line: Line of life in Palm Reading & Palmistry!\n\n| | |\n\n * Palm Reading Guide\n * Palm Reading Lines\n * Life Line Palm Reading\n * Palm Reading Online\n * Marriage Line Palm Reading\n\n \n \n--- \n \nLife Line Palm Reading: Line of Life!\n\nMORE HAND READING:\n\n• Palm Reading Guide • Palm Reading Lines\n\n|\n\nPALM READING & THE LIFE LINE:\n\n\\- DISCOVER THE SCIENTIFIC TRUTH ABOUT LONGIVITY & THE LIFE LINE! -\n\n\\- Life Line Palm Reading: -\n\nDOES THE LENGTH OF THE LIFE LINE PREDICT LONGEVITY?\n\n|\n\nThe classic association between the length of the life line and longevity\nfinds it's origins in Hindu palmistry: the Indians call the line of life the\npithru or gotha rekha. However, scientific studies have indicated that the\nlink between the lenght of the line of life and longivity is rather weak.\n\nIn 1974 American researchers (M.E. Wilson & L.E. Mather) presented a study\nwhich reports: \"lack of correlation between length of life line and age of\ndeath\"; however, in 1990 British researchers presented a study which reports\nregarding the length of the life line: \"a strong statistical correlation,\nparticularly for the right hand, and age at death\". Now, what is the\nscientific truth behind these finds?\n\nFirst of all, it is important to notice that many palm readers & hand analysts\ntoday make statements which debunk the classic theory which suggests that\nlongevity can be read from the length of the life line. And even in the\npalmistry literature reports have been made regarding the fact that many\npeople who die young often happen to have a long life line, and short life\nlines have been noticed among those who died at high age.\n\nCombining this (modern) observation with the fact that variations in the\npalmar lines have been recognized to represent minor physical anomalies, one\ncan understand how the statistical link between short life lines and short\nlongevity basically represents just a sensible manifestation of how biology\nworks:\n\n\"Structure is the intimate expression of function\"\n\nJohn Hunter, Scottish surgeon [1728-1793]\n\nPalm reading life line & longevity data report (unknown source).\n\nPalm Reading the 6 major lines. The book 'Anthroplogy of Crease Morphogenesis'\n(R.S. Bali, 1994) describes how the palmar lines & palmisty have been\nperceived to represent synonymous relationship and how the stigma of fortune-\ntelling has debarred the hand lines from scientific courts.\n\nIn the fields of palm reading & palmistry six lines are recognized to\nrepresent the major palmar lines (or palm creases), and the life line\nrepresents one of them. However, in the scientific perspective only the first\nfour are recognized to represent 'primary creases' because of their embryonic\nnature + their pre-ordained shape and position.\n\nPalm reading/palmistry: analysing your marriage line. Much has been written\nabout the life line; however, even the start- and end points have been\ndisputed. Generally, the starting point of the life line is perceived to be\nfound at it's radial termination (between the thumb and the index finger).\nThis is also confirmed by embryologic studies which have pointed out that the\nlife line (= thenar crease) starts developing in the 7th week of pregnancy\nabove the upper thenar; later the line usually progresses into the palm\ncurving around the mount of venus (= thenar eminence).\n\nThe picture below describes some classic life line variations taken from the\npalm reading & palmistry literature.\n\nPalm reading marriage line: 9 variations! While processing the info presented\nabove, please be aware that many concepts & theories for the 'life line' have\nbeen proposed inside the palm reading & palmistry literature. Unfortunately\nfew of these concepts have been widely adopted, and far most of them have\nnever been tested independently!\n\nAccording Multi-Perspective Palm Reading it is likely unrealistic to expect\nthat a reliable assessment for anything at all can be made with just a single\nfeature of the hand: other perspectives of the hand really need to get\ninvolved as well!\n\nPalm Reading Life lines synonyms:\n\nline of life - longevity line - vitality line - major earth line thenar crease\n- radial longitudinal crease \n \n--- \n \nPalm Reading Guide Discover Palm Reading & Palmistry!\n\nPalm Reading Lines What are the major lines in Palm Reading & Palmistry?\n\nPalm Reading Online Explore the major principle in Palm Reading & Palmistry!\n\nPalm Reading Life Line The life line plays a major role in Palm Reading!\n\nPalm Reading Marriage Line The scientific truth about relationship lines &\nlove lines! \n \n--- \n \n\\- More Palm Reading Relationship Lines & Children lines -\n\n(large versions)\n\nPalm Reading life line: hand lines - Palm Reading Life line: thenar crease -\nPalm Reading life line: age calculation \n \nCOPYRIGHT © 2014 Martijn van Mensvoort, MSc. in 'Clinical & Health Psychology'\n(The Netherlands) \n \n---\n\n" } ]
10,139,094
How To Eat Carrots
To eat carrots, start by chopping off the green tops and using a vegetable peeler to remove the outer skin. Next, cut them into quarters lengthwise, then horizontally to make easy-to-eat carrot sticks. Then, dip them in hummus or spinach dip for extra flavor. For a richer treat, try peanut butter and carrots for lunchtime snack. You can also add shredded carrots to a salad or your favorite coleslaw to add color, flavor, and health benefits.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201202040232/https://www.bonappetit.com/recipe/roasted-carrots", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150906070012/http://www.fruitsandveggiesmorematters.org/main-recipes?com=2", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200805113356/http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/carrot-flax-muffins", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200803145555/https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1014107-arugula-and-carrot-salad-with-walnuts-and-cheese", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171225135017/http://www.care2.com:80/greenliving/10-reasons-to-eat-more-carrots.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170912154346/http://www.fruitsandveggiesmorematters.org:80/top-10-ways-to-enjoy-carrots", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200809180316/https://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/caramelized-carrot-soup" ]
train
2,360
[ { "original_url": "https://www.bonappetit.com/recipe/roasted-carrots", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201202040232/https://www.bonappetit.com/recipe/roasted-carrots", "parsed_text": { "title": "Roasted Carrots Recipe", "passages": [ "Preheat oven to 450°. Toss carrots, oil, salt, and pepper on a rimmed baking sheet. Roast, tossing occasionally, until tender and browned, 35–45 minutes.", "© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices" ] }, "parsed_md": "Roasted Carrots Recipe | Bon Appétit\n\nSkip to main content\n\nTo revisit this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories.\n\nTo revisit this article, select My Account, then View saved stories.\n\nSign In\n\nSearch\n\n * Recipes\n * Healthyish\n * Basically\n * Restaurants\n * Highly Recommend\n * Podcast\n * Videos\n * Shop\n\nrecipes\n\n# Roasted Carrots\n\nBy Rick Martinez\n\nPhotography by Alex Lau\n\nNovember 12, 2015\n\n4.0\n\n(1)\n\nRead Reviews\n\nAlex Lau\n\nFor more variations and veggie inspiration, check out our roasted veggie\nmatrix.\n\n## Ingredients\n\n4 to 6 Servings\n\n3\n\npounds carrots, peeled, cut into 3-inch pieces, halved lengthwised, quartered\nif large\n\n1⁄4\n\ncup olive oil\n\n2\n\nteaspoons kosher salt\n\n1⁄2\n\nteaspoon freshly ground black pepper\n\n## Preparation\n\n#### Step 1\n\nPreheat oven to 450°. Toss carrots, oil, salt, and pepper on a rimmed baking\nsheet. Roast, tossing occasionally, until tender and browned, 35–45 minutes.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nHow would you rate Roasted Carrots?\n\nLeave a Review\n\nSign In\n\nExplore Bon AppétitCarrotRoasted VegetablesWeb RecipeVegetarian\n\nAdvertisement\n\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\nrecommendations you trust.\n\n© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and\nCookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon\nAppétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through\nour site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on\nthis site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise\nused, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\n\nFood Innovation Group\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.fruitsandveggiesmorematters.org/main-recipes", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150906070012/http://www.fruitsandveggiesmorematters.org/main-recipes?com=2", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fruits & Veggies More Matters : Health Benefits of Fruits & Vegetables", "passages": [ "We can help you eat more fruits & vegetables! Fruits & Veggies–More Matters® is a health initiative focused on helping Americans increase fruit & vegetable consumption for better health. More" ] }, "parsed_md": "Fruits & Veggies More MattersRecipes - Fruits & Veggies More Matters : Health\nBenefits of Fruits & Vegetables\n\n * Media\n * Schools\n * Health Professionals\n\nEat More! Fill Half Your Plate with Fruits & Veggies\n\n * Login\n * Register\n * Sign Up\n * Media\n * Translate\n\nMenu\n\n * Fruit & Veggie Info∨\n\n * Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n * Top 10 Reasons to Eat MORE Fruits & Vegetables\n * Fruit & Vegetable Storage 101\n * In the News: Fruits & Vegetables\n * What Are Phytochemicals?\n * Nut Nutrition Database\n * Diet & Exercise: The Role of Fruits & Vegetables\n * About Us\n * Meal Planning∨\n\n * Healthy Meal Planning\n * Shopping for Fruits & Vegetables\n * What Fruits & Vegetables are in Season?\n * The Everyday Chef: Fruit & Veggie Culinary Creations\n * Insider's Viewpoint: Expert Supermarket Advice\n * Top 10 Meal Planning & Shopping Tips\n * Fruits and Vegetables on a Budget\n * Quick Guide to Getting MORE Fruits & Vegetables\n * Grow Your Own: A Vegetable Garden How-To Guide\n * Recipes∨\n\n * Search Recipes\n * Entertaining and Healthy Cooking with Fruits & Veggies\n * Top 10 Healthy Ways to Cook Fruits & Vegetables\n * Tips on How to Cook with Fruits and Vegetables\n * Healthy Kids∨\n\n * Coloring & Activity Pages for Kids\n * Games that Teach Kids about Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n * Top 10 Ways to Get Kids Involved in Healthy Cooking & Shopping\n * Healthy Cooking with Your Kids\n * Vegetarian Kids\n * Programs that Teach Kids about Fruits & Vegetables\n * Community & Social∨\n\n * Join America's More Matters Pledge to Fight Obesity\n * Fruit & Veggie Happenings in Your Local Community\n * Ask the Expert\n * Contest Winners: Your Healthy Life & You\n * Fruit & Vegetable Blog: Stem & Stalk ... Let's Talk\n * Video\n\n * Fruit & Veggie Info\n\n * Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n * Top 10 Reasons to Eat MORE Fruits & Vegetables\n * Fruit & Vegetable Storage 101\n * In the News: Fruits & Vegetables\n * What Are Phytochemicals?\n * Nut Nutrition Database\n * Diet & Exercise: The Role of Fruits & Vegetables\n * About Us\n\n * Meal Planning\n\n * Healthy Meal Planning\n * Shopping for Fruits & Vegetables\n * What Fruits & Vegetables are in Season?\n * The Everyday Chef: Fruit & Veggie Culinary Creations\n * Insider's Viewpoint: Expert Supermarket Advice\n * Top 10 Meal Planning & Shopping Tips\n * Fruits and Vegetables on a Budget\n * Quick Guide to Getting MORE Fruits & Vegetables\n * Grow Your Own: A Vegetable Garden How-To Guide\n\n * Recipes\n\n * Search Recipes\n * Entertaining and Healthy Cooking with Fruits & Veggies\n * Top 10 Healthy Ways to Cook Fruits & Vegetables\n * Tips on How to Cook with Fruits and Vegetables\n\n * Healthy Kids\n\n * Coloring & Activity Pages for Kids\n * Games that Teach Kids about Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n * Top 10 Ways to Get Kids Involved in Healthy Cooking & Shopping\n * Healthy Cooking with Your Kids\n * Vegetarian Kids\n * Programs that Teach Kids about Fruits & Vegetables\n\n * Community & Social\n\n * Join America's More Matters Pledge to Fight Obesity\n * Fruit & Veggie Happenings in Your Local Community\n * Ask the Expert\n * Contest Winners: Your Healthy Life & You\n * Fruit & Vegetable Blog: Stem & Stalk ... Let's Talk\n\n * Video\n\nHOME > Recipes - Fruits & Veggies More Matters\n\n* Recipes\n\n* Entertaining and Healthy Cooking with Fruits & Veggies\n* Top 10 Healthy Ways to Cook Fruits & Vegetables\n* Tips on How to Cook with Fruits and Vegetables\n\n# Connect & follow\n\nNo record found \n \n--- \n \n * Recipe Box\n * Register\n\nLogin/register to show and save recipes\n\nMeal Planning Help\n\n * Healthy Seasonal Menus\n * Menu A Day: 30 Days\n * What Fruits & Veggies Are in Season?\n * Healthy Plate Photos\n * Makeovers for Typical Meals\n\nShow More\n\n * Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n * Recipe Books & Kitchen Tools\n * Fruit & Veggie Blog\n\nShow Less\n\nToday's Top 10 Lists\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Boysenberries\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Edamame\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Sugar Apples\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Corn\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Shallots\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Bananas\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Mangos\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Leeks\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Asparagus\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Honeydew\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Persimmons\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Swiss Chard\n\nRecipe Box Register\n\n * Add to Recipe Box\n\n * Add to Shopping List\n\n * Print This Recipe\n\n * Share/Email\n\nSimilar Recipes\n\n * Chicken Kiew\n * Chicken & Corn\n * Spicy Chicken\n\nShow More\n\nOur Racipes22| User Recipes \n---|--- \nAll Recipes \n \nRelated Topics\n\n * Success Story\n * Fruit & Veggie Info\n * Recipes\n * Recipes Using Frozen Fruits & Vegetables\n\nShow More\n\n * Fall Entertaining and Healthy Cooking with Fruits & Veggies\n * Feature: add your own\n * Fruit & Vegetable Recipe Search\n * The Expert\n * Meal Planning\n\nShow Less\n\nToday's Top 10 Lists\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Boysenberries\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Edamame\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Sugar Apples\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Corn\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Shallots\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Bananas\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Mangos\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Leeks\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Asparagus\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Honeydew\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Persimmons\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Swiss Chard\n\n# Connect & follow\n\n * ## Who We Are\n\n * We can help you eat more fruits & vegetables! Fruits & Veggies–More Matters® is a health initiative focused on helping Americans increase fruit & vegetable consumption for better health. More\n\n * ## About Us\n\n * Fruits & Veggies— More Matters\n * Produce for Better Health Foundation\n * CDC Collaboration\n * Our Supporters\n * Links We Like\n\n * ## Stay Connected\n\n * Register or Login\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Fruit & Veggie Blog\n * Media\n\n * ## Special Interests & Legal\n\n * Our Kids' Website\n * Our Corporate Site\n * Schools\n * Health Professionals\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy\n * Translate\n\nCopyright ©2008-2015 Produce for Better Health Foundation. All rights\nreserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/carrot-flax-muffins", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200805113356/http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/carrot-flax-muffins", "parsed_text": { "title": "Carrot-Flax Muffins Recipe - Emily Farris", "passages": [ "Preheat the oven to 350o. Puree the apple and carrots in a food processor and set aside. Line a 6-muffin tin with large paper cups, and set aside.", "In a large bowl, mix the flour, flax seed meal, sugar, baking soda, baking powder, salt, and cinnamon. In a separate bowl, combine the milk, eggs, and vanilla. Mix well, and slowly pour the liquid ingredients into the dry ingredients, stirring. When the wet and dry ingredients are combined, add the apple and carrot puree. Gently stir to combine without overmixing.", "Using a measuring cup or scoop, evenly divide the batter between the muffin cups. (They will fill nearly all the way to the top, and because these are gluten-free muffins, they aren't going to rise too much.) Sprinkle the flax seeds on top of each muffin. Bake, uncovered, for 20-30 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center of the muffin comes out clean. Cool in the muffin tin for 5 to 10 minutes.", "Because store-bought flax seed meal lacks the nutritional value of whole flax seeds, it's best to make a fresh, coarse-ground flax seed meal just before you use it. Flax seed meal is easy to make with a with a food processor, clean coffee grinder, or blender. One cup of whole flax seeds yields about 1 2/3 cups of flax seed meal, so leave room for expansion (use any leftover flax seed meal in smoothies or sprinkled on top of cereal or yogurt).", "Review Body: What is the measurement for baking powder? It is not in the list of ingredients, but mentioned as an ingredient in the directions.", "Food & Wine is part of the Meredith Corporation Allrecipes Food Group. © Copyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "Carrot-Flax Muffins Recipe - Emily Farris | Food & Wine\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Food & Wine\n\nFood & Wine Food & Wine\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Profile\n\n### Your Profile\n\n * Join Now\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Wine Club\n * Podcast\n * Logout\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow us\n\n# Carrot-Flax Muffins\n\n© Emily Farris\n\nActive Time\n\n15 MIN\n\nTotal Time\n\n45 MIN\n\nYield\n\nServes : 6\n\nBy Emily Farris\n\nNovember 2013\n\nGluten-free carrot-flax muffins are packed with nutrients from carrots,\napples, and homemade flax seed meal. Slideshow: More Gluten-Free Recipes\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 1 medium apple, peeled\n * 2 medium carrots, peeled\n * 1 1/2 cups all-purpose gluten-free flour\n * 1 1/2 cups flax seed meal (See Note)\n * 1 cup brown sugar\n * 2 teaspoons baking soda\n * 2 teaspoons cinnamon\n * 1 teaspoon kosher salt\n * 2 large eggs, lightly beaten\n * 3/4 cup whole milk or unsweetened almond milk\n * 1 teaspoons vanilla extract\n * 1/4 cup whole flax seeds\n\n## How to Make It\n\nStep 1 �?�?�?\n\nPreheat the oven to 350o. Puree the apple and carrots in a food processor and\nset aside. Line a 6-muffin tin with large paper cups, and set aside.\n\nStep 2 �?�?�?\n\nIn a large bowl, mix the flour, flax seed meal, sugar, baking soda, baking\npowder, salt, and cinnamon. In a separate bowl, combine the milk, eggs, and\nvanilla. Mix well, and slowly pour the liquid ingredients into the dry\ningredients, stirring. When the wet and dry ingredients are combined, add the\napple and carrot puree. Gently stir to combine without overmixing.\n\nStep 3 �?�?�?\n\nUsing a measuring cup or scoop, evenly divide the batter between the muffin\ncups. (They will fill nearly all the way to the top, and because these are\ngluten-free muffins, they aren't going to rise too much.) Sprinkle the flax\nseeds on top of each muffin. Bake, uncovered, for 20-30 minutes or until a\ntoothpick inserted in the center of the muffin comes out clean. Cool in the\nmuffin tin for 5 to 10 minutes.\n\n### Make Ahead\n\nMuffins will keep in an airtight container for 3 days.\n\n### Notes\n\nBecause store-bought flax seed meal lacks the nutritional value of whole flax\nseeds, it's best to make a fresh, coarse-ground flax seed meal just before you\nuse it. Flax seed meal is easy to make with a with a food processor, clean\ncoffee grinder, or blender. One cup of whole flax seeds yields about 1 2/3\ncups of flax seed meal, so leave room for expansion (use any leftover flax\nseed meal in smoothies or sprinkled on top of cereal or yogurt).\n\n## You May Like\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Read More\n\n### Sign Up for The Dish\n\nStay in the know with a daily dose of the best seasonal recipes!\n\nSign Up\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAggregate Rating value: 0\n\nReview Count: 0\n\nWorst Rating: 0\n\nBest Rating: 5\n\nAuthor Name: teriw\n\nReview Body: What is the measurement for baking powder? It is not in the list\nof ingredients, but mentioned as an ingredient in the directions.\n\nReview Rating:\n\nDate Published: 2020-01-08\n\nFood & Wine\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * Myrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * Mywedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nFood & Wine is part of the Meredith Corporation Allrecipes Food Group. ©\nCopyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis\nlink opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad\nChoicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a\nmodal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.foodandwine.com\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1014107-arugula-and-carrot-salad-with-walnuts-and-cheese", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200803145555/https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1014107-arugula-and-carrot-salad-with-walnuts-and-cheese", "parsed_text": { "title": "Arugula and Carrot Salad With Walnuts and Cheese Recipe", "passages": [ "The best type of arugula for this salad is the feathery type called wild arugula. I love the contrast of flavors here — peppery arugula alongside sweet carrots and a nutty dressing.", "171 calories; 17 grams fat; 3 grams saturated fat; 0 grams trans fat; 8 grams monounsaturated fat; 5 grams polyunsaturated fat; 5 grams carbohydrates; 1 gram dietary fiber; 2 grams sugars; 2 grams protein; 159 milligrams sodium;", "Note: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available ingredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a professional nutritionist’s advice.", "In a small bowl or measuring cup, combine the lemon juice, vinegars, salt and mustard. Whisk together, and add the garlic. Whisk in the oils.", "Advance preparation: You can combine the salad ingredients several hours before serving and refrigerate in a covered bowl. The dressing will also hold for several hours, in or out of the refrigerator.", "NYT Cooking is a subscription service of The New York Times. It is a digital cookbook and cooking guide alike, available on all platforms, that helps home cooks of every level discover, save and organize the world’s best recipes, while also helping them become better, more competent cooks. Subscribe now for full access." ] }, "parsed_md": "Arugula and Carrot Salad With Walnuts and Cheese Recipe - NYT Cooking\n\nHealthy\n\n# Arugula and Carrot Salad With Walnuts and Cheese\n\n### Martha Rose Shulman\n\n * Yield Serves four to six\n * Time 10 minutes\n\nEmailShare on PinterestShare on FacebookShare on Twitter\n\nAndrew Scrivani for The New York Times\n\nThe best type of arugula for this salad is the feathery type called wild\narugula. I love the contrast of flavors here — peppery arugula alongside sweet\ncarrots and a nutty dressing.\n\nFeatured in: Carrots: Digging Deeper For Fall Flavor.\n\nMore +\n\nSalads And Dressings, Arugula, Carrot, Walnut, Easy, Quick, Healthy, Raw,\nVegetarian\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 4 cups wild or baby arugula\n * 2 cups grated carrots\n * 2 tablespoons broken walnuts (1/2 ounce)\n * 1⁄4 cup grated Parmesan or crumbled blue cheese (1 ounce)\n * 1 tablespoon finely chopped fresh tarragon\n\n#### For the dressing\n\n * 1 tablespoon fresh lemon juice\n * 1 tablespoon sherry vinegar\n * 1 teaspoon balsamic vinegar\n * Salt to taste\n * 1 teaspoon Dijon mustard\n * 1 small garlic clove, pureed or finely minced optional\n * 1⁄4 cup extra virgin olive oil\n * 2 tablespoons walnut oil\n\n * Nutritional Information\n\n * ##### Nutritional analysis per serving (6 servings)\n\n171 calories; 17 grams fat; 3 grams saturated fat; 0 grams trans fat; 8 grams\nmonounsaturated fat; 5 grams polyunsaturated fat; 5 grams carbohydrates; 1\ngram dietary fiber; 2 grams sugars; 2 grams protein; 159 milligrams sodium;\n\nNote: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available\ningredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a\nprofessional nutritionist’s advice.\n\nPowered by Edamam\n\n### Preparation\n\n 1. Combine the arugula, carrots, walnuts, cheese and tarragon in a salad bowl.\n 2. In a small bowl or measuring cup, combine the lemon juice, vinegars, salt and mustard. Whisk together, and add the garlic. Whisk in the oils.\n 3. Shortly before serving, toss the salad with the dressing.\n\n#### Tip\n\n * Advance preparation: You can combine the salad ingredients several hours before serving and refrigerate in a covered bowl. The dressing will also hold for several hours, in or out of the refrigerator.\n\nLike this recipe?\n\nEmailShare on PinterestShare on FacebookShare on Twitter\n\n#### More recipes from Martha Rose Shulman\n\n### Black and Brown Rice Stuffing With Walnuts and Pears\n\nBy Martha Rose Shulman\n\nAbout 1 hour 30 minutes\n\n### Shrimp Fajitas With Peppers and Zucchini\n\nBy Martha Rose Shulman\n\n1 hour 15 minutes\n\n### Fresh Fig Tart\n\nBy Martha Rose Shulman\n\n2 hours, plus at least 5 hours' chilling\n\n### Roasted Vegetable Bibimbap\n\nBy Martha Rose Shulman\n\n1 hour\n\n#### Trending on Cooking\n\n### Multicolored Tomato Tartlets\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\n30 minutes\n\n### Hummus from ‘Jerusalem’\n\nBy Julia Moskin\n\n45 minutes, plus overnight soaking\n\n### Fresh Tomato Sauce\n\nBy Martha Rose Shulman\n\n30 minutes\n\n### Panzanella With Mozzarella and Herbs\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\n45 minutes\n\n#### Brush Up On The Basics With Our Cooking Guides\n\nCooking Guide\n\n### How to Make Ice Cream\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\nCooking Guide\n\n### How to Make Cooking Substitutions\n\nCooking Guide\n\n### How to Make Quiche\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\nCooking Guide\n\n### How to Make Pasta\n\nBy Samin Nosrat\n\n### Follow Us\n\n### Get the App\n\n### About Us\n\nNYT Cooking is a subscription service of The New York Times. It is a digital\ncookbook and cooking guide alike, available on all platforms, that helps home\ncooks of every level discover, save and organize the world’s best recipes,\nwhile also helping them become better, more competent cooks. Subscribe now for\nfull access.\n\n### Learn More\n\n * Our Cooks\n * See Our Features\n * FAQ\n * Tools for Saving\n * NYTimes.com/food\n * Send Us Feedback\n\n### Shop\n\n * Gift Subscription\n\n * © The New York Times Company\n\n * Terms of Service\n * Privacy Policy\n\nSorry, your changes didn’t save.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.care2.com:80/greenliving/10-reasons-to-eat-more-carrots.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171225135017/http://www.care2.com:80/greenliving/10-reasons-to-eat-more-carrots.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "10 Amazing Health Benefits Of Carrots", "passages": [ "Carrots are more than a tasty addition to soups, salads and juices. They are also good for your body’s overall health, especially that of the skin, eyes, digestive system and teeth!", "1. Beta carotene: Carrots are a rich source of this powerful antioxidant, which, among other vital uses, can be converted into vitamin A in the body to help maintain healthy skin.", "2. Digestion: Carrots increase saliva and supply essential minerals, vitamins and enzymes that aid in digestion. Eating carrots regularly may help prevent gastric ulcers and other digestive disorders.", "3. Alkaline elements: Carrots are rich in alkaline elements, which purify and revitalize the blood while balancing the acid/alkaline ratio of the body.", "4. Potassium: Carrots are a good source of potassium, which can help maintain healthy sodium levels in the body, thereby helping to reduce elevated blood pressure levels.", "7. Phytonutrients: Among the many beneficial phytochemicals that carrots contain is a phytonutrient called falcarinol, which may reduce the risk of colon cancer and help promote overall colon health.", "9. Fiber: Carrots are high in soluble fiber, which may reduce cholesterol by binding the LDL form (the kind we don’t want) and increasing the HDL form (the kind our body needs) to help reduce blood clots and prevent heart disease.", "10. Eyes, hair, nails and more! The nutrients in carrots can improve the health of your eyes, skin, hair, nails and more through helping to detoxify your system and build new cells!", "There are plenty more reasons to enjoy these crunchy, sweet root vegetables, so reserve a spot in your garden plot for planting some, or pop down to the local market to pick up a bunch!", "Served a friend a lamb stew recently and he pushed all the sliced carrots to the side of his plate. I was horrified because I thought how can anyone not like carrots.", "Disclaimer: The views expressed above are solely those of the author and may not reflect those of Care2, Inc., its employees or advertisers." ] }, "parsed_md": "10 Amazing Health Benefits Of Carrots | Care2 Healthy Living\n\nSTART A PETITION37,000,000 members: the world's largest community for good\n\nCare2\n\n * * log off\n * my account\n * my care2\n * help\n * my care2 main\n * my settings\n * my butterfly rewards\n * my click to donate\n * my ecards\n * my friends\n * my groups\n * my green stars\n * my news\n * my profile page\n * my petitionsite\n * my subscriptions\n * my thank you notes\n * my daily action\n\n * MY\n\n * JOIN US\n * SIGN IN\n\n * FOOD\n * HEALTH\n * LOVE + SEX\n * NATURE\n * PETS\n * SPIRIT\n * * home\n * life\n * family\n * beauty\n * brands for good\n * green\n * crafts & designs\n * news\n * videos\n * eCards\n\n * JOIN US\n * SIGN IN\n\nSTART A PETITION\n\nCare2 Healthy Living | 10 Reasons to Eat More Carrots\n\nSTART A PETITION\n\n * care2 Home\n * start a petition\n * browse petitions\n * Success stories\n * causes\n * Healthy living\n * butterfly rewards\n\n * New? Start Here!\n * Animal Welfare\n * Human Rights\n * LGBT\n * Womens Rights\n * Care2 Team Blog\n * About Us\n\nx\n\n * INBOX ()\n * send new\n\n# 10 Reasons to Eat More Carrots\n\ntweet email\n\n * a Care2 favorite by Alisa Rutherford-Fortunati\n\n * About Alisa\n\nCarrots are more than a tasty addition to soups, salads and juices. They are\nalso good for your body’s overall health, especially that of the skin, eyes,\ndigestive system and teeth!\n\nSo if the sweet flavor isn’t enough, enjoy these 10 reasons to eat more\ncarrots:\n\n1\\. Beta carotene: Carrots are a rich source of this powerful antioxidant,\nwhich, among other vital uses, can be converted into vitamin A in the body to\nhelp maintain healthy skin.\n\n2\\. Digestion: Carrots increase saliva and supply essential minerals, vitamins\nand enzymes that aid in digestion. Eating carrots regularly may help prevent\ngastric ulcers and other digestive disorders.\n\n3\\. Alkaline elements: Carrots are rich in alkaline elements, which purify and\nrevitalize the blood while balancing the acid/alkaline ratio of the body.\n\n4\\. Potassium: Carrots are a good source of potassium, which can help maintain\nhealthy sodium levels in the body, thereby helping to reduce elevated blood\npressure levels.\n\n5\\. Dental Health: Carrots kill harmful germs in the mouth and help prevent\ntooth decay.\n\n6\\. Wounds: Raw or grated carrots can be used to help heal wounds, cuts and\ninflammation.\n\n7\\. Phytonutrients: Among the many beneficial phytochemicals that carrots\ncontain is a phytonutrient called falcarinol, which may reduce the risk of\ncolon cancer and help promote overall colon health.\n\n8\\. Carotenoids: Carrots are rich in carotenoids, which our bodies can use to\nhelp regulate blood sugar.\n\n9\\. Fiber: Carrots are high in soluble fiber, which may reduce cholesterol by\nbinding the LDL form (the kind we don’t want) and increasing the HDL form (the\nkind our body needs) to help reduce blood clots and prevent heart disease.\n\n10\\. Eyes, hair, nails and more! The nutrients in carrots can improve the\nhealth of your eyes, skin, hair, nails and more through helping to detoxify\nyour system and build new cells!\n\nThere are plenty more reasons to enjoy these crunchy, sweet root vegetables,\nso reserve a spot in your garden plot for planting some, or pop down to the\nlocal market to pick up a bunch!\n\nRelated Posts: 8 Great Health Benefits of Onions This Sugar Can Protect Your\nBrain 13 Health Benefits of Oranges\n\n### Love This? Never Miss Another Story.\n\n### Thanks for subscribing!\n\n### GREAT STORY, RIGHT?\n\n#### Share it with your friends\n\ntweet email\n\n### 986 comments\n\nCarl R1 months ago\n\nThanks!!!\n\nSEND\n\nPeggy B2 months ago\n\nGood to know.\n\nSEND\n\nfederico b2 months ago\n\nGrazie della condivisione. Amo le carote!!!\n\nSEND\n\nJanet B2 months ago\n\nThanks\n\nSEND\n\nCarl R2 months ago\n\nthanks!!!!\n\nSEND\n\nDeborah S2 months ago\n\nI hate carrots, but I eat them. I won't make a roast,corned beef orstew\nwithout them.\n\nSEND\n\nColin Clauscen2 months ago\n\nServed a friend a lamb stew recently and he pushed all the sliced carrots to\nthe side of his plate. I was horrified because I thought how can anyone not\nlike carrots.\n\nSEND\n\nRuth S2 months ago\n\nThanks.\n\nSEND\n\nRichard B2 months ago\n\nThanks for sharing\n\nSEND\n\nJan S2 months ago\n\nthanks\n\nSEND\n\n### TOP STORIES\n\n 1. 1 25 Feminist Movies for Everybody\n 2. 2 Does Light Therapy Really Work for SAD?\n 3. 3 What is Forbidden Rice and Is It Healthy?\n 4. 4 7 Best Essential Oils for Cold Sores\n 5. 5 Can Vinegar Help Control Blood Sugar?\n\n##### ads keep care2 freelearn more ▸\n\n### CONNECT WITH US\n\n * Facebook 1.1 million followers\n * Twitter 560,000 followers\n * Pinterest 30,000 followers\n * Email Newsletter\n\nLove This? Never Miss Another Story.\n\nThank you for subscribing!\n\n#### EMAIL THE EDITORS\n\n##### ads keep care2 freelearn more ▸\n\n### COMMUNITY SUCCESS!\n\n#### Success! 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All rights reserved\n\n * log in / Join\n\n * log out\n\n * Start A Petition\n * Sign Petition\n * CARE2 Home\n * healthy living\n\n * Food + Recipes\n * Health\n * Love + Sex\n * Green\n * News\n * Crafts\n * Ecards\n * Brands for Good\n * Nature\n * Pets\n * Spirit\n * Home\n * Life\n * Family\n * Beauty\n * causes & news\n\n * Animals\n * Women\n * Politics\n * Food\n * LGBT\n * Human Rights\n * Civil Rights\n * Children\n * Education\n * Environment\n * Health Policy\n * Global Warming\n * Trailblazers\n * Canada\n * UK\n * Success Stories\n * butterfly rewards\n\n### New to Care2? Start Here.\n\n * About Us\n * Care2 Team Blog\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.fruitsandveggiesmorematters.org:80/top-10-ways-to-enjoy-carrots", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170912154346/http://www.fruitsandveggiesmorematters.org:80/top-10-ways-to-enjoy-carrots", "parsed_text": { "title": "Top 10 Ways to Enjoy Carrots", "passages": [ "Carrot Casserole. Combine shredded carrots, low-fat shredded cheese and a small amount of margarine. Top with crumbled whole wheat crackers. Bake at 350° F for 30-45 minutes.", "Homemade Asian Take-Out. Combine sliced carrots, brown rice, one egg, all of your other favorite vegetables, and a small amount of low-sodium soy sauce in a wok. Stir-fry then enjoy a simple Asian-flavored main dish.", "Add a Sweet Glaze. Combine 100% orange juice, a small amount of brown sugar, and butter in a frying pan. Sauté until combined. Roll cooked carrots in mixture, let cool and enjoy!", "Slow Cooked & Delectable. Add carrots to all of your favorite soups and slow- cooker recipes. They’re quite tasty in our Turkey Cranberry Stew.", "Just Grab & Go. Carrots are a great mobile snack and are the perfect ‘keep you busy’ snack at home. Just peel and enjoy!", "Sweet & Spicy. Combine sweet carrots with stimulating spices to get an irresistible surprise for your taste buds. Video: How To Spice Up Your Carrots", "We can help you eat more fruits & vegetables! Fruits & Veggies–More Matters® is a health initiative focused on helping Americans increase fruit & vegetable consumption for better health. More" ] }, "parsed_md": "Top 10 Ways to Enjoy Carrots - Fruits & Veggies More Matters : Health Benefits\nof Fruits & Vegetables\n\n * Media\n * Schools\n * Health Professionals\n\nEat More! Fill Half Your Plate with Fruits & Veggies\n\n * Login\n * Register\n * Sign Up\n * Media\n * Translate\n * DONATE\n\nMenu\n\n * Fruit & Veggie Info∨\n\n * Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n * Top 10 Reasons to Eat MORE Fruits & Vegetables\n * Fruit & Vegetable Storage 101\n * In the News: Fruits & Vegetables\n * What Are Phytonutrients?\n * Nut Nutrition Database\n * Diet & Exercise: The Role of Fruits & Vegetables\n * About Us\n * Meal Planning∨\n\n * Healthy Meal Planning\n * Shopping for Fruits & Vegetables\n * What Fruits & Vegetables are in Season?\n * The Everyday Chef: Fruit & Veggie Culinary Creations\n * Insider's Viewpoint: Expert Supermarket Advice\n * Top 10 Meal Planning & Shopping Tips\n * Fruits and Vegetables on a Budget\n * Quick Guide to Getting MORE Fruits & Vegetables\n * Grow Your Own: A Vegetable Garden How-To Guide\n * Recipes∨\n\n * Search Recipes\n * Entertaining And Healthy Cooking With Fruits & Veggies\n * Top 10 Healthy Ways to Cook Fruits & Vegetables\n * Tips on How to Cook with Fruits and Vegetables\n * Recipe Video of the Day\n * Healthy Kids∨\n\n * Coloring & Activity Pages for Kids\n * Games that Teach Kids about Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n * Top 10 Ways to Get Kids Involved in Healthy Cooking & Shopping\n * Healthy Cooking with Your Kids\n * Vegetarian Kids\n * Programs that Teach Kids about Fruits & Vegetables\n * Community & Social∨\n\n * Join America's More Matters Pledge to Fight Obesity\n * Fruit & Veggie Happenings in Your Local Community\n * Ask the Expert\n * Contest Winners: Your Healthy Life & You\n * Fruit & Vegetable Blog: Stem & Stalk ... Let's Talk\n * Video\n\n * home\n * Fruit & Veggie Info\n\n * Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n * Top 10 Reasons to Eat MORE Fruits & Vegetables\n * Fruit & Vegetable Storage 101\n * In the News: Fruits & Vegetables\n * What Are Phytonutrients?\n * Nut Nutrition Database\n * Diet & Exercise: The Role of Fruits & Vegetables\n * About Us\n\n * Meal Planning\n\n * Healthy Meal Planning\n * Shopping for Fruits & Vegetables\n * What Fruits & Vegetables are in Season?\n * The Everyday Chef: Fruit & Veggie Culinary Creations\n * Insider's Viewpoint: Expert Supermarket Advice\n * Top 10 Meal Planning & Shopping Tips\n * Fruits and Vegetables on a Budget\n * Quick Guide to Getting MORE Fruits & Vegetables\n * Grow Your Own: A Vegetable Garden How-To Guide\n\n * Recipes\n\n * Search Recipes\n * Entertaining And Healthy Cooking With Fruits & Veggies\n * Top 10 Healthy Ways to Cook Fruits & Vegetables\n * Tips on How to Cook with Fruits and Vegetables\n * Recipe Video of the Day\n\n * Healthy Kids\n\n * Coloring & Activity Pages for Kids\n * Games that Teach Kids about Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n * Top 10 Ways to Get Kids Involved in Healthy Cooking & Shopping\n * Healthy Cooking with Your Kids\n * Vegetarian Kids\n * Programs that Teach Kids about Fruits & Vegetables\n\n * Community & Social\n\n * Join America's More Matters Pledge to Fight Obesity\n * Fruit & Veggie Happenings in Your Local Community\n * Ask the Expert\n * Contest Winners: Your Healthy Life & You\n * Fruit & Vegetable Blog: Stem & Stalk ... Let's Talk\n\n * Video\n\nHOME > Fruit & Veggie Info > Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition > Fruit & Vegetable\nNutrition Database > Vegetable Nutrition Database > Carrots: Nutrition .\nSelection . Storage > Top 10 Ways to Enjoy Carrots - Fruits & Veggies More\nMatters\n\n* Fruit & Veggie Info\n* Fruit & Vegetable Nutrition\n* Top 10 Reasons to Eat MORE Fruits & Vegetables\n* Fruit & Vegetable Storage 101\n* In the News: Fruits & Vegetables\n* What Are Phytonutrients?\n* Nut Nutrition Database\n* Diet & Exercise: The Role of Fruits & Vegetables\n* About Us\n\nConnect & follow\n\nFacebook linkedin twitter\n\npinterest instagram\n\nJoin Our Mailing List\n\nnew signup button\n\ndonatebutton\n\n# Top 10 Ways to Enjoy Carrots\n\nCarrot Casserole. Combine shredded carrots, low-fat shredded cheese and a\nsmall amount of margarine. Top with crumbled whole wheat crackers. Bake at\n350° F for 30-45 minutes.\n\nPower Smoothie. Blend carrots, pineapple juice, low-fat yogurt and honey into\na bright orange concoction. Recipe: Power Gold Smoothie\n\nDip ’em! Carrots are great with vegetable dips, hummus and low-fat dressing.\nRecipe: Carrot Tuna Vegetable Dip\n\nHomemade Asian Take-Out. Combine sliced carrots, brown rice, one egg, all of\nyour other favorite vegetables, and a small amount of low-sodium soy sauce in\na wok. Stir-fry then enjoy a simple Asian-flavored main dish.\n\nAdd a Sweet Glaze. Combine 100% orange juice, a small amount of brown sugar,\nand butter in a frying pan. Sauté until combined. Roll cooked carrots in\nmixture, let cool and enjoy!\n\nAdd Some Crunch & Vitamin A. Top any favorite salad with sliced or grated\ncarrots.\n\nPeanut Butter Dip. Peanut butter isn’t just for celery anymore. Grab some baby\ncarrots and dip away!\n\nSlow Cooked & Delectable. Add carrots to all of your favorite soups and slow-\ncooker recipes. They’re quite tasty in our Turkey Cranberry Stew.\n\nJust Grab & Go. Carrots are a great mobile snack and are the perfect ‘keep you\nbusy’ snack at home. Just peel and enjoy!\n\nSweet & Spicy. Combine sweet carrots with stimulating spices to get an\nirresistible surprise for your taste buds. Video: How To Spice Up Your Carrots\n\nSee Videos About Carrots\n\nSee Nutrition Information for Carrots\n\nFruit & Veggie Database Key Nutrients in Fruits & Veggies Dietary Guidelines\nfor Americans Fruit & Vegetable Recipe Search\n\nSHARE THIS\n\nSHARE THIS\n\n * Comments (0)\n\nMake a Comment:\n\n### Click here to cancel reply.\n\n * 0 new comments\n\nShowing 0 comments\n\n## Related Info\n\n * What's In Season?\n * Expert Supermarket Advice\n * Healthy Menus\n * Vegetarian Kids\n * Ask the Expert\n * Show More\n * Shopping for Fruits & Veggies\n * Show Less\n\nToday's Top 10 Lists\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Swiss Chard\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Pears\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Sugar Apples\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Corn\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Cara Cara Oranges\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Brussels Sprouts\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Boysenberries\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Edamame\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Shallots\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Bananas\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Mangos\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Leeks\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Honeydew\n\n * Top 10 Ways to Eat Persimmons\n\nFeatured\n\nConnect & follow\n\nFacebook linkedin twitter\n\npinterest instagram\n\n * Who We Are\n\n * We can help you eat more fruits & vegetables! 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All rights\nreserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/caramelized-carrot-soup", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200809180316/https://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/caramelized-carrot-soup", "parsed_text": { "title": "Caramelized Carrot Soup Recipe - Maxime Bilet, Nathan Myhrvold", "passages": [ "To caramelize carrots in a pressure cooker, Nathan Myhrvold adds a bit of baking soda: It increases the pH, which speeds up the Maillard (browning) reaction. More Carrot Recipes", "In a pressure cooker, combine 6 tablespoons of the butter with the carrots and cook uncovered until the butter is melted. Stir in the salt and baking soda, cover and cook at 15 PSI (see Note) for 10 minutes. Place the pressure cooker in the sink and run cold water over the lid to depressurize it rapidly; remove the lid once it can be released without force.", "Add the carrot juice to the cooker and stir to release any caramelized bits stuck to the pot. Return the cooker to medium heat, uncovered, and rewarm the contents. Transfer the contents of the cooker and the remaining 2 tablespoons of butter to a blender and puree until smooth. Season the soup with pepper and pour into bowls. Garnish with the ginger, tarragon and caraway seeds and serve.", "Fifteen pounds per square inch (PSI) is the most common setting for pressure cookers. Products vary, however, so be sure to consult the owner's manual.", "Food & Wine is part of the Meredith Corporation Allrecipes Food Group. © Copyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "Caramelized Carrot Soup Recipe - Maxime Bilet, Nathan Myhrvold | Food & Wine\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Food & Wine\n\nFood & Wine Food & Wine\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Profile\n\n### Your Profile\n\n * Join Now\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Wine Club\n * Podcast\n * Logout\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow us\n\n# Caramelized Carrot Soup\n\n© Antonis Achilleos\n\nActive Time\n\nN/A\n\nTotal Time\n\n35 MIN\n\nYield\n\nServes : 4\n\nBy Maxime Bilet and Nathan Myhrvold\n\nMay 2011\n\nTo caramelize carrots in a pressure cooker, Nathan Myhrvold adds a bit of\nbaking soda: It increases the pH, which speeds up the Maillard (browning)\nreaction. More Carrot Recipes\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 1 stick unsalted butter\n * 1 pound carrots, peeled and cut into 1/2-inch pieces\n * 1/2 teaspoon salt\n * 1/4 teaspoon baking soda\n * 2 cups fresh carrot juice\n * Freshly ground pepper\n * 1 tablespoon minced fresh ginger\n * 1 teaspoon chopped tarragon\n * 1/4 teaspoon caraway seeds, chopped\n\n## How to Make It\n\nStep 1\n\nIn a pressure cooker, combine 6 tablespoons of the butter with the carrots and\ncook uncovered until the butter is melted. Stir in the salt and baking soda,\ncover and cook at 15 PSI (see Note) for 10 minutes. Place the pressure cooker\nin the sink and run cold water over the lid to depressurize it rapidly; remove\nthe lid once it can be released without force.\n\nStep 2\n\nAdd the carrot juice to the cooker and stir to release any caramelized bits\nstuck to the pot. Return the cooker to medium heat, uncovered, and rewarm the\ncontents. Transfer the contents of the cooker and the remaining 2 tablespoons\nof butter to a blender and puree until smooth. Season the soup with pepper and\npour into bowls. Garnish with the ginger, tarragon and caraway seeds and\nserve.\n\n### Notes\n\nFifteen pounds per square inch (PSI) is the most common setting for pressure\ncookers. Products vary, however, so be sure to consult the owner's manual.\n\n## You May Like\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Read More\n\n### Sign Up for The Dish\n\nStay in the know with a daily dose of the best seasonal recipes!\n\nSign Up\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAggregate Rating value: 5\n\nReview Count: 371\n\nWorst Rating: 0\n\nBest Rating: 5\n\nFood & Wine\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * Myrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * Mywedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nFood & Wine is part of the Meredith Corporation Allrecipes Food Group. ©\nCopyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis\nlink opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad\nChoicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a\nmodal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.foodandwine.com\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n" } ]
353,495
How To Slow Down Time
While you can’t actually slow down time, you can pay more attention to your surroundings and get more out of a moment. Try focusing on little details around you, like a garden you pass by each day, the background melody in a song you like, or the different flavors in a dish you’re eating. Breathe slowly in through your nose and out through your mouth, as this can help you feel more present and aware. In addition, changing up your routine, like taking a different route to work, can help you feel more in the moment.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20211109234544/https://www.livescience.com/2117-time-slow-emergencies.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419192957/https://harekrishnatemple.com/chapter7.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511183522/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/21/opinion/sunday/fast-time-and-the-aging-mind.html?_r=0", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171109174025/http://www.artofmanliness.com:80/2014/08/11/be-a-time-wizard-how-to-slow-down-and-speed-up-time/" ]
train
973
[ { "original_url": "https://www.livescience.com/2117-time-slow-emergencies.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211109234544/https://www.livescience.com/2117-time-slow-emergencies.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Why Time Seems to Slow Down in Emergencies", "passages": [ "Live Science is supported by its audience. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Learn more", "A volunteer, left, prepares to drop 150 feet at up to 70 mph to study how the human mind perceives time when in danger. At right, another volunteer has to be wondering whether the pursuit of science is worth all this. (Image credit: David Eagleman et al.)", "In The Matrix, the hero Neo could dodge bullets because time moved in slow motion for him during battles. Indeed, in the real world, people in danger often feel as if time slowed down for them.", "This warping of time apparently does not result from the brain speeding up from adrenaline when in danger. Instead, this feeling seems to be an illusion, scientists now find.", "To see if danger makes people experience time in slow motion, scientists at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston tried scaring volunteers. However, roller coasters and other frightening amusement park rides did not cause enough fear to make time warp.", "Instead, the researchers dropped volunteers from great heights. Scientists had volunteers dive backward with no ropes attached, into a special net that helped break their fall. They reached 70 mph during the roughly three-second, 150-foot drop.", "\"It's the scariest thing I have ever done,\" said researcher David Eagleman, a neuroscientist at Baylor College of Medicine. \"I knew it was perfectly safe, and I also knew that it would be the perfect way to make people feel as though an event took much longer than it actually did.\"", "To see if this meant people in danger could actually see and perceive more—like a video camera in slow motion can—Eagleman and his colleagues developed a device called a \"perceptual chronometer\" that was strapped onto volunteers' wrists. This watch-like device flickered numbers on its screen. The scientists could adjust the speed at which numbers appeared until they were too fast to see.", "If the brain sped up when in danger, the researchers theorized numbers on the perceptual chronometers would appear slow enough to read while volunteers fell. Instead, the scientists found that volunteers could not read the numbers at faster-than-normal speeds.", "Instead, such time warping seems to be a trick played by one's memory. When a person is scared, a brain area called the amygdala becomes more active, laying down an extra set of memories that go along with those normally taken care of by other parts of the brain.", "\"In this way, frightening events are associated with richer and denser memories,\" Eagleman explained. \"And the more memory you have of an event, the longer you believe it took.\"", "Eagleman added this illusion \"is related to the phenomenon that time seems to speed up as you grow older. When you're a child, you lay down rich memories for all your experiences; when you're older, you've seen it all before and lay down fewer memories. Therefore, when a child looks back at the end of a summer, it seems to have lasted forever; adults think it zoomed by.\"", "This work could help better understand disorders linked with timing, such as schizophrenia. Still, in the end, \"it's really about understanding the virtual reality machinery that we're trapped in,\" Eagleman told LiveScience. \"Our brain constructs this reality for us that, if we look closely, we can find all these strange illusions in. The fact that we're now seeing this with how we perceive time is new.\"", "Charles Q. Choi is a contributing writer for Live Science and Space.com. He covers all things human origins and astronomy as well as physics, animals and general science topics. Charles has a Master of Arts degree from the University of Missouri-Columbia, School of Journalism and a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of South Florida. Charles has visited every continent on Earth, drinking rancid yak butter tea in Lhasa, snorkeling with sea lions in the Galapagos and even climbing an iceberg in Antarctica.", "By submitting your information you agree to the Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policy and are aged 16 or over.", "Live Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Visit our corporate site." ] }, "parsed_md": "Why Time Seems to Slow Down in Emergencies | Live Science\n\nSkip to main content\n\nLive Science is supported by its audience. When you purchase through links on\nour site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Learn more\n\n# Why Time Seems to Slow Down in Emergencies\n\nBy Charles Q. Choi 11 December 2007\n\nA volunteer, left, prepares to drop 150 feet at up to 70 mph to study how the\nhuman mind perceives time when in danger. At right, another volunteer has to\nbe wondering whether the pursuit of science is worth all this. (Image credit:\nDavid Eagleman et al.)\n\nIn The Matrix, the hero Neo could dodge bullets because time moved in slow\nmotion for him during battles. Indeed, in the real world, people in danger\noften feel as if time slowed down for them.\n\nThis warping of time apparently does not result from the brain speeding up\nfrom adrenaline when in danger. Instead, this feeling seems to be an illusion,\nscientists now find.\n\nTo see if danger makes people experience time in slow motion, scientists at\nBaylor College of Medicine in Houston tried scaring volunteers. However,\nroller coasters and other frightening amusement park rides did not cause\nenough fear to make time warp.\n\nInstead, the researchers dropped volunteers from great heights. Scientists had\nvolunteers dive backward with no ropes attached, into a special net that\nhelped break their fall. They reached 70 mph during the roughly three-second,\n150-foot drop.\n\n\"It's the scariest thing I have ever done,\" said researcher David Eagleman, a\nneuroscientist at Baylor College of Medicine. \"I knew it was perfectly safe,\nand I also knew that it would be the perfect way to make people feel as though\nan event took much longer than it actually did.\"\n\nIndeed, volunteers estimated their own fall lasted about a third longer than\ndives they saw other volunteers take.\n\nTo see if this meant people in danger could actually see and perceive\nmore—like a video camera in slow motion can—Eagleman and his colleagues\ndeveloped a device called a \"perceptual chronometer\" that was strapped onto\nvolunteers' wrists. This watch-like device flickered numbers on its screen.\nThe scientists could adjust the speed at which numbers appeared until they\nwere too fast to see.\n\nIf the brain sped up when in danger, the researchers theorized numbers on the\nperceptual chronometers would appear slow enough to read while volunteers\nfell. Instead, the scientists found that volunteers could not read the numbers\nat faster-than-normal speeds.\n\n\"We discovered that people are not like Neo in The Matrix, dodging bullets in\nslow-mo,\" Eagleman said.\n\nMemory trick\n\nInstead, such time warping seems to be a trick played by one's memory. When a\nperson is scared, a brain area called the amygdala becomes more active, laying\ndown an extra set of memories that go along with those normally taken care of\nby other parts of the brain.\n\n\"In this way, frightening events are associated with richer and denser\nmemories,\" Eagleman explained. \"And the more memory you have of an event, the\nlonger you believe it took.\"\n\nEagleman added this illusion \"is related to the phenomenon that time seems to\nspeed up as you grow older. When you're a child, you lay down rich memories\nfor all your experiences; when you're older, you've seen it all before and lay\ndown fewer memories. Therefore, when a child looks back at the end of a\nsummer, it seems to have lasted forever; adults think it zoomed by.\"\n\nThis work could help better understand disorders linked with timing, such as\nschizophrenia. Still, in the end, \"it's really about understanding the virtual\nreality machinery that we're trapped in,\" Eagleman told LiveScience. \"Our\nbrain constructs this reality for us that, if we look closely, we can find all\nthese strange illusions in. The fact that we're now seeing this with how we\nperceive time is new.\"\n\nEagleman and his colleagues detailed their findings online Dec. 11 in the\njournal PLoS ONE.\n\n * Video: Eagleman's Wild Time Experiments\n * Top 10 Mysteries of the Mind\n * Time Travel: Is it Possible?\n\nCharles Q. Choi\n\nLive Science Contributor\n\nCharles Q. Choi is a contributing writer for Live Science and Space.com. He\ncovers all things human origins and astronomy as well as physics, animals and\ngeneral science topics. Charles has a Master of Arts degree from the\nUniversity of Missouri-Columbia, School of Journalism and a Bachelor of Arts\ndegree from the University of South Florida. Charles has visited every\ncontinent on Earth, drinking rancid yak butter tea in Lhasa, snorkeling with\nsea lions in the Galapagos and even climbing an iceberg in Antarctica.\n\nLive Science newsletter\n\nStay up to date on the latest science news by signing up for our Essentials\nnewsletter.\n\nThank you for signing up to Live Science. You will receive a verification\nemail shortly.\n\nThere was a problem. Please refresh the page and try again.\n\nBy submitting your information you agree to the Terms & Conditions and Privacy\nPolicy and are aged 16 or over.\n\n 1. 1\n\nHow did birds survive the dinosaur-killing asteroid?\n\n 2. 2\n\nAntiviral pill cuts COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths by 89%, Pfizer says\n\n 3. 3\n\nNASA needs a new telescope, ASAP, to find Earth's twin\n\n 4. 4\n\nAn asteroid barely missed Earth last week, and no one knew it was coming\n\n 5. 5\n\n240,000-year-old 'Child of Darkness' human ancestor discovered in narrow cave\npassageway\n\n 1. 1\n\nGiant shark, possibly a megalodon, feasted on this whale 15 million years ago\n\n 2. 2\n\n240,000-year-old 'Child of Darkness' human ancestor discovered in narrow cave\npassageway\n\n 3. 3\n\nTalking dinosaur invades UN to give climate change speech in bizarre, yet\nbrilliant, new video\n\n 4. 4\n\nAn asteroid barely missed Earth last week, and no one knew it was coming\n\n 5. 5\n\nNewly named human species may be the direct ancestor of modern humans\n\nHow It Works Magazine\n\n * ●\n\nHow It Works Magazine\n\n * The ultimate action-packed science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about the universe\n\nFrom$7.15\n\nView\n\nLive Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and\nleading digital publisher. Visit our corporate site.\n\n© Future US, Inc. 11 West 42nd Street, 15th Floor, New York, NY 10036.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://harekrishnatemple.com/chapter7.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419192957/https://harekrishnatemple.com/chapter7.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Chanting Hare Krishna", "passages": [ "The transcendental vibration established by the chanting of Hare Krsna, Hare Krsna, Krsna Krsna, Hare Hare, Hare Rama, Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare is the sublime method of reviving our Krsna consciousness. As living spiritual souls we are all originally Krsna conscious entities, but due to our association with matter from time immemorial, our consciousness is now polluted by the material atmosphere. The material atmosphere, in which we are now living, is called Maya, or illusion. Maya means \"that which is not.\" And what is this illusion? The illusion is that we are all trying to be lords of material nature, while actually we are under the grip of her stringent laws. When a servant artificially tries to imitate the all-powerful master, this is called illusion. In this polluted concept of life, we are all trying to exploit the resources of material nature, but actually we are becoming more and more entangled in her complexities. Therefore, although we are engaged in a hard struggle to conquer nature, we are ever more dependent on her. This illusory struggle against material nature can be stopped at once by the revival of our Krsna consciousness. Krsna consciousness is not an artificial imposition of the mind; this consciousness is the original energy of the living entity. When we hear the transcendental vibration, this consciousness is revived. And this is the process recommended for this age by authorities. By practical experience also, one can perceive that by chanting this maha- mantra or the Great Chanting for Deliverance, one can at once feel a transcendental ecstasy coming through from the spiritual stratum. And when one is factually on the plane of spiritual understanding-surpassing the stages of the senses, mind, and intelligence-one is situated on the transcendental plane.", "This chanting of Hare Krsna, Hare Krsna, Krsna Krsna, Hare Hare/Hare Rama, Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare is directly enacted from the spiritual platform, and thus this sound vibration surpasses all lower strata of consciousness-namely sensual, mental, and intellectual. There is no need, therefore, to understand the language of the mantra, nor is there any need for mental speculation or any intellectual adjustment for chanting this maha- mantra. It springs automatically from the spiritual platform, and as such, anyone can take part in the chanting without any previous qualification, and dance in ecstasy.", "We have seen this practically. Even a child can take part in the chanting, or even a dog can take part in it. Of course, for one who is too entangled in material life, it takes a little more time to come to the standard point, but even such a materially engrossed man is raised to the spiritual platform very quickly. When the mantra is chanted by a pure devotee of the Lord in love, it has the greatest efficacy on the hearers, and as such, this chanting should be heard from the lips of a pure devotee of the Lord, so that immediate effects can be achieved. As far as possible, chanting from the lips of non-devotees should be avoided. Milk touched by the lips of a serpent has poisonous effects.", "The word Hara is the form of addressing the energy of the Lord, and the words Krsna and Rama are addressing the Lord Himself. Both Krsna and Rama mean \"the supreme pleasure\" and Hara is the supreme pleasure energy of the Lord, changed to hare in the vocative. The supreme pleasure energy of the Lord helps us to reach the Lord.", "The material energy, called Maya, is also one of the multi energies of the Lord. And we, the living entities, are also the energy-marginal energy-of the Lord. The living entities are described as superior to material energy. When the superior energy is in contact with the inferior energy, an incompatible situation arises; but when the superior marginal energy is in contact with the superior energy, called Hara, the living entity is established in his happy, normal condition.", "These three words, namely Hare, Krsna, and Rama, are transcendental seeds of the maha-mantra. The chanting is a spiritual call for the Lord and His internal energy, Hara, to give protection to the conditioned soul. This chanting is exactly like the genuine cry of a child for its mother. Mother Hara helps the devotee achieve the grace of the supreme Father, Hari, or Krsna, and the Lord reveals Himself to the devotee who chants this mantra sincerely.", "Srila Prabhupada set the rule that one should chant at least sixteen rounds a day if one is initiated. The best time for chanting is in the morning hours. Though Lord Caitanya mentions that there are no hard or fast rules for chanting, it is still important to know that the chanting is accompanied by following the regulative principles. However, since there are no hard and fast rules one can chant anytime and at any place. The most recommended way to chant is in association of devotees. It is also advantageous to chant in front of Tulasi devi. One main point that Mahaprabhu stressed is the attitude while chanting:", "\"One should chant the holy name of the Lord in a humble state of mind, thinking oneself lower than the straw on the street, being more tolerant than a tree and always ready to offer all respects to others. In such a state of mind one can chant the holy name of the Lord constantly.\"", "In regards of chanting during kirtan, there are certain rules, e.g. specific melodies and songs to be chanted in the temple. The classical melodies can be heard on the Vaisnava Songs link.", "If you came to this page from the 'Introduction to Krishna Consciousness' please click the back button on your browser to continue reading the introduction. If you are participating in the bhakta program use the links below to continue your study." ] }, "parsed_md": "Chanting Hare Krishna\n\nBack Home Table of Contents\n\n## Chapter 7- Chanting Hare Krishna\n\nHis Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada\n\nListen to Prabhupada's explanation & kirtan below\n\nThe transcendental vibration established by the chanting of Hare Krsna, Hare\nKrsna, Krsna Krsna, Hare Hare, Hare Rama, Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare is\nthe sublime method of reviving our Krsna consciousness. As living spiritual\nsouls we are all originally Krsna conscious entities, but due to our\nassociation with matter from time immemorial, our consciousness is now\npolluted by the material atmosphere. The material atmosphere, in which we are\nnow living, is called Maya, or illusion. Maya means \"that which is not.\" And\nwhat is this illusion? The illusion is that we are all trying to be lords of\nmaterial nature, while actually we are under the grip of her stringent laws.\nWhen a servant artificially tries to imitate the all-powerful master, this is\ncalled illusion. In this polluted concept of life, we are all trying to\nexploit the resources of material nature, but actually we are becoming more\nand more entangled in her complexities. Therefore, although we are engaged in\na hard struggle to conquer nature, we are ever more dependent on her. This\nillusory struggle against material nature can be stopped at once by the\nrevival of our Krsna consciousness. Krsna consciousness is not an artificial\nimposition of the mind; this consciousness is the original energy of the\nliving entity. When we hear the transcendental vibration, this consciousness\nis revived. And this is the process recommended for this age by authorities.\nBy practical experience also, one can perceive that by chanting this maha-\nmantra or the Great Chanting for Deliverance, one can at once feel a\ntranscendental ecstasy coming through from the spiritual stratum. And when one\nis factually on the plane of spiritual understanding-surpassing the stages of\nthe senses, mind, and intelligence-one is situated on the transcendental\nplane.\n\nThis chanting of Hare Krsna, Hare Krsna, Krsna Krsna, Hare Hare/Hare Rama,\nHare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare is directly enacted from the spiritual\nplatform, and thus this sound vibration surpasses all lower strata of\nconsciousness-namely sensual, mental, and intellectual. There is no need,\ntherefore, to understand the language of the mantra, nor is there any need for\nmental speculation or any intellectual adjustment for chanting this maha-\nmantra. It springs automatically from the spiritual platform, and as such,\nanyone can take part in the chanting without any previous qualification, and\ndance in ecstasy.\n\nWe have seen this practically. Even a child can take part in the chanting, or\neven a dog can take part in it. Of course, for one who is too entangled in\nmaterial life, it takes a little more time to come to the standard point, but\neven such a materially engrossed man is raised to the spiritual platform very\nquickly. When the mantra is chanted by a pure devotee of the Lord in love, it\nhas the greatest efficacy on the hearers, and as such, this chanting should be\nheard from the lips of a pure devotee of the Lord, so that immediate effects\ncan be achieved. As far as possible, chanting from the lips of non-devotees\nshould be avoided. Milk touched by the lips of a serpent has poisonous\neffects.\n\nThe word Hara is the form of addressing the energy of the Lord, and the words\nKrsna and Rama are addressing the Lord Himself. Both Krsna and Rama mean \"the\nsupreme pleasure\" and Hara is the supreme pleasure energy of the Lord, changed\nto hare in the vocative. The supreme pleasure energy of the Lord helps us to\nreach the Lord.\n\nThe material energy, called Maya, is also one of the multi energies of the\nLord. And we, the living entities, are also the energy-marginal energy-of the\nLord. The living entities are described as superior to material energy. When\nthe superior energy is in contact with the inferior energy, an incompatible\nsituation arises; but when the superior marginal energy is in contact with the\nsuperior energy, called Hara, the living entity is established in his happy,\nnormal condition.\n\nThese three words, namely Hare, Krsna, and Rama, are transcendental seeds of\nthe maha-mantra. The chanting is a spiritual call for the Lord and His\ninternal energy, Hara, to give protection to the conditioned soul. This\nchanting is exactly like the genuine cry of a child for its mother. Mother\nHara helps the devotee achieve the grace of the supreme Father, Hari, or\nKrsna, and the Lord reveals Himself to the devotee who chants this mantra\nsincerely.\n\nNo other means of spiritual realization, therefore, is as effective in this\nage as chanting the maha-mantra:\n\nHare Krsna, Hare Krsna, Krsna Krsna, Hare Hare Hare Rama, Hare Rama, Rama\nRama, Hare Hare\n\nCaitanya Mahaprabhu dreaming of Radha-Krsna\n\nHow often and where should one chant?\n\nSrila Prabhupada set the rule that one should chant at least sixteen rounds a\nday if one is initiated. The best time for chanting is in the morning hours.\nThough Lord Caitanya mentions that there are no hard or fast rules for\nchanting, it is still important to know that the chanting is accompanied by\nfollowing the regulative principles. However, since there are no hard and fast\nrules one can chant anytime and at any place. The most recommended way to\nchant is in association of devotees. It is also advantageous to chant in front\nof Tulasi devi. One main point that Mahaprabhu stressed is the attitude while\nchanting:\n\ntrnad api sunicena taror api sahisnuna amanina manadena kirtaniya sada hari\n(Siksastaka 3)\n\n\"One should chant the holy name of the Lord in a humble state of mind,\nthinking oneself lower than the straw on the street, being more tolerant than\na tree and always ready to offer all respects to others. In such a state of\nmind one can chant the holy name of the Lord constantly.\"\n\nIn regards of chanting during kirtan, there are certain rules, e.g. specific\nmelodies and songs to be chanted in the temple. The classical melodies can be\nheard on the Vaisnava Songs link.\n\nIf you came to this page from the 'Introduction to Krishna Consciousness'\nplease click the back button on your browser to continue reading the\nintroduction. If you are participating in the bhakta program use the links\nbelow to continue your study.\n\n| Chapter 6 - Tilak| Chapter 8- Four Regulative Principles| Table of Contents \n---|---|--- \n \nCopyright © 2020 Sanatana Dharma Foundation\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/21/opinion/sunday/fast-time-and-the-aging-mind.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511183522/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/21/opinion/sunday/fast-time-and-the-aging-mind.html?_r=0", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fast Time and the Aging Mind - The New York Times", "passages": [ "AH, the languorous days of endless summer! Who among us doesn’t remember those days and wonder wistfully where they’ve gone? Why does time seem to speed up as we age? Even the summer solstice — the longest, sunniest day of the year — seems to have passed in a flash.", "No less than the great William James opined on the matter, thinking that the apparent speed of time’s passage was a result of adults’ experiencing fewer memorable events:", "“Each passing year converts some of this experience into automatic routine which we hardly note at all, the days and the weeks smooth themselves out in recollection to contentless units, and the years grow hollow and collapse.”", "Don’t despair. I am happy to tell you that the apparent velocity of time is a big fat cognitive illusion and happy to say there may be a way to slow the velocity of our later lives.", "Although the sense that we perceive time as accelerating as we age is very common, it is hard to prove experimentally. In one of the largest studies to date, Dr. Marc Wittmann of the Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, in Germany, interviewed 499 German and Austrian subjects ranging in age from 14 to 94 years; he asked each subject how quickly time seemed to pass during the previous week, month, year and decade. Surprisingly, there were few differences related to age. With one exception: when researchers asked the subjects about the 10-year interval, older subjects were far more likely than the younger subjects to report that the last decade had passed quickly.", "Other, non-age-related factors influence our perception of time. Recent research shows that emotions affect our perception of time. For example, Dr. Sylvie Droit-Volet, a psychology professor at Blaise Pascal University, in France, manipulated subjects’ emotional state by showing them movies that excited fear or sadness and then asked them to estimate the duration of the visual stimulus. She found that time appears to pass more slowly when we are afraid.", "Attention and memory play a part in our perception of time. To accurately gauge the passage of time required to accomplish a given task, you have to be able to focus and remember a sequence of information. That’s partly why someone with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder has trouble judging time intervals and grows impatient with what seems like the slow passage of time.", "The neurotransmitter dopamine is critically important to our ability to process time. Stimulants like Ritalin and Adderall, which increase dopamine function in the brain, have the effect of speeding up time perception; antipsychotic drugs, which block dopamine receptors, have the opposite effect.", "On the whole, most of us perceive short intervals of time similarly, regardless of age. Why, then, do older people look back at long stretches of their lives and feel it’s a race to the finish?", "Here’s a possible answer: think about what it’s like when you learn something for the first time — for example how, when you are young, you learn to ride a bike or navigate your way home from school. It takes time to learn new tasks and to encode them in your memory. And when you are learning about the world for the first time, you are forming a fairly steady stream of new memories of events, places and people.", "When, as an adult, you look back at your childhood experiences, they appear to unfold in slow motion probably because the sheer number of them gives you the impression that they must have taken forever to acquire. So when you recall the summer vacation when you first learned to swim or row a boat, it feels endless.", "But this is merely an illusion, the way adults understand the past when they look through the telescope of lost time. This, though, is not an illusion: almost all of us faced far steeper learning curves when we were young. Most adults do not explore and learn about the world the way they did when they were young; adult life lacks the constant discovery and endless novelty of childhood.", "Studies have shown that the greater the cognitive demands of a task, the longer its duration is perceived to be. Dr. David Eagleman at Baylor College of Medicine found that repeated stimuli appear briefer in duration than novel stimuli of equal duration. Is it possible that learning new things might slow down our internal sense of time?", "The question and the possibility it presents put me in mind of my father, who died a few years ago at age 86. An engineer by training, he read constantly after he retired. His range was enormous; he read about everything from astronomy to natural history, travel and gardening. I remember once discovering dozens of magazines and journals in the house and was convinced that my parents had become the victims of a mail-order scam.", "Thinking I’d help with the clutter, I began to bundle up the magazines for recycling when my father angrily confronted me, demanding to know what the hell I was doing. “I read all of these,” he said.", "And then it dawned on me. I cannot recall his ever having remarked on how fast or slow his life seemed to be going. He was constantly learning, always alive to new ideas and experience. Maybe that’s why he never seemed to notice that time was passing.", "So what, you might say, if we have an illusion about time speeding up? But it matters, I think, because the distortion signals that we might squeeze more out of life.", "It’s simple: if you want time to slow down, become a student again. Learn something that requires sustained effort; do something novel. Put down the thriller when you’re sitting on the beach and break out a book on evolutionary theory or Spanish for beginners or a how-to book on something you’ve always wanted to do. Take a new route to work; vacation at an unknown spot. And take your sweet time about it." ] }, "parsed_md": "Opinion | Fast Time and the Aging Mind - The New York Times\n\nSkip to contentSkip to site index\n\nSunday Review\n\nToday’s Paper\n\nSunday Review|Fast Time and the Aging Mind\n\nhttps://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/21/opinion/sunday/fast-time-and-the-aging-\nmind.html\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nSupported by\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nOpinion\n\n# Fast Time and the Aging Mind\n\nBy Richard A. Friedman\n\n * July 20, 2013\n\nCredit...Gwendal Le Bec\n\nAH, the languorous days of endless summer! Who among us doesn’t remember those\ndays and wonder wistfully where they’ve gone? Why does time seem to speed up\nas we age? Even the summer solstice — the longest, sunniest day of the year —\nseems to have passed in a flash.\n\nNo less than the great William James opined on the matter, thinking that the\napparent speed of time’s passage was a result of adults’ experiencing fewer\nmemorable events:\n\n“Each passing year converts some of this experience into automatic routine\nwhich we hardly note at all, the days and the weeks smooth themselves out in\nrecollection to contentless units, and the years grow hollow and collapse.”\n\nDon’t despair. I am happy to tell you that the apparent velocity of time is a\nbig fat cognitive illusion and happy to say there may be a way to slow the\nvelocity of our later lives.\n\nAlthough the sense that we perceive time as accelerating as we age is very\ncommon, it is hard to prove experimentally. In one of the largest studies to\ndate, Dr. Marc Wittmann of the Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and\nMental Health, in Germany, interviewed 499 German and Austrian subjects\nranging in age from 14 to 94 years; he asked each subject how quickly time\nseemed to pass during the previous week, month, year and decade. Surprisingly,\nthere were few differences related to age. With one exception: when\nresearchers asked the subjects about the 10-year interval, older subjects were\nfar more likely than the younger subjects to report that the last decade had\npassed quickly.\n\nOther, non-age-related factors influence our perception of time. Recent\nresearch shows that emotions affect our perception of time. For example, Dr.\nSylvie Droit-Volet, a psychology professor at Blaise Pascal University, in\nFrance, manipulated subjects’ emotional state by showing them movies that\nexcited fear or sadness and then asked them to estimate the duration of the\nvisual stimulus. She found that time appears to pass more slowly when we are\nafraid.\n\nAttention and memory play a part in our perception of time. To accurately\ngauge the passage of time required to accomplish a given task, you have to be\nable to focus and remember a sequence of information. That’s partly why\nsomeone with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder has trouble judging time\nintervals and grows impatient with what seems like the slow passage of time.\n\nThe neurotransmitter dopamine is critically important to our ability to\nprocess time. Stimulants like Ritalin and Adderall, which increase dopamine\nfunction in the brain, have the effect of speeding up time perception;\nantipsychotic drugs, which block dopamine receptors, have the opposite effect.\n\nOn the whole, most of us perceive short intervals of time similarly,\nregardless of age. Why, then, do older people look back at long stretches of\ntheir lives and feel it’s a race to the finish?\n\nHere’s a possible answer: think about what it’s like when you learn something\nfor the first time — for example how, when you are young, you learn to ride a\nbike or navigate your way home from school. It takes time to learn new tasks\nand to encode them in your memory. And when you are learning about the world\nfor the first time, you are forming a fairly steady stream of new memories of\nevents, places and people.\n\nWhen, as an adult, you look back at your childhood experiences, they appear to\nunfold in slow motion probably because the sheer number of them gives you the\nimpression that they must have taken forever to acquire. So when you recall\nthe summer vacation when you first learned to swim or row a boat, it feels\nendless.\n\nBut this is merely an illusion, the way adults understand the past when they\nlook through the telescope of lost time. This, though, is not an illusion:\nalmost all of us faced far steeper learning curves when we were young. Most\nadults do not explore and learn about the world the way they did when they\nwere young; adult life lacks the constant discovery and endless novelty of\nchildhood.\n\nStudies have shown that the greater the cognitive demands of a task, the\nlonger its duration is perceived to be. Dr. David Eagleman at Baylor College\nof Medicine found that repeated stimuli appear briefer in duration than novel\nstimuli of equal duration. Is it possible that learning new things might slow\ndown our internal sense of time?\n\nThe question and the possibility it presents put me in mind of my father, who\ndied a few years ago at age 86. An engineer by training, he read constantly\nafter he retired. His range was enormous; he read about everything from\nastronomy to natural history, travel and gardening. I remember once\ndiscovering dozens of magazines and journals in the house and was convinced\nthat my parents had become the victims of a mail-order scam.\n\nThinking I’d help with the clutter, I began to bundle up the magazines for\nrecycling when my father angrily confronted me, demanding to know what the\nhell I was doing. “I read all of these,” he said.\n\nAnd then it dawned on me. I cannot recall his ever having remarked on how fast\nor slow his life seemed to be going. He was constantly learning, always alive\nto new ideas and experience. Maybe that’s why he never seemed to notice that\ntime was passing.\n\nSo what, you might say, if we have an illusion about time speeding up? But it\nmatters, I think, because the distortion signals that we might squeeze more\nout of life.\n\nIt’s simple: if you want time to slow down, become a student again. Learn\nsomething that requires sustained effort; do something novel. Put down the\nthriller when you’re sitting on the beach and break out a book on evolutionary\ntheory or Spanish for beginners or a how-to book on something you’ve always\nwanted to do. Take a new route to work; vacation at an unknown spot. And take\nyour sweet time about it.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.artofmanliness.com:80/2014/08/11/be-a-time-wizard-how-to-slow-down-and-speed-up-time/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171109174025/http://www.artofmanliness.com:80/2014/08/11/be-a-time-wizard-how-to-slow-down-and-speed-up-time/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Slow Down and Speed Up Time", "passages": [ "As we now approach the sunset of the summer season, take a look back on the last few months. Does it seem like your summer lasted forever, that it slowly floated along in a hot haze? Or did these last few months seem to go by in a blink?", "Your answer to that question will likely depend on your age. If you’re a young buck, you’ll probably feel like you fit six months into the last three. If you’re longer in the tooth, chances are your summer seems to have gone by in a quick blur – much like the rest of your year.", "Why does time seem to slow down when you’re young, and speed up as you get older? You may have heard it said that this phenomenon can be chalked up to the fact that when you’re younger, each year comprises a larger percentage of your total lifespan and thus feels more sizeable; one year is 1/14 of your life when you’re fourteen, but only 1/40 when you’re 40.", "That’s a fun theory, but there’s an actual neurological reason for how our perception of time changes as we age. And once you understand it, you can become something of a time wizard — quickening or slowing the way time feels, and even making your life seem longer than it really is.", "Time is a fixed dimension. “Clock time” can be broken into minutes, seconds, and nanoseconds, and can be objectively measured. Even without an external chronometer to aid us, our internal clocks often do an excellent job of tracking time; if I asked you to guess the time right now, you’d probably be pretty close.", "Yet how we perceive time is not always so accurate. Depending on our circumstances, time may seem to contract or expand, speed up or slow down. Dr. David Eagleman, neuroscientist and foremost researcher on time perception, calls this phenomenon “brain time,” and unlike clock time, its measurements are very subjective.", "In contrast to our other senses like touch and taste, which are located in specific parts of our brains, our sense of time is woven throughout our neural matter. As Eagleman puts it, time is “metasensory” and “rides on top of all the others.” Because our perception of time is intricately tied up with our emotions and memories, the information we take in about how our hours are spent isn’t raw data. Instead, Eagleman explains, our minds filter the info before presenting it to us:", "“the brain goes through a lot of trouble to edit and present this story to you of what’s going on out there and how fast or slowly it happens. What your brain’s telling you [that] you see is not always what’s out there. It’s trying to put together the best, most useful story of what’s happening out there in the world.”", "To understand when, how, and why your brain edits your perception of time, it’s useful to begin with what happens to your “brain time” when faced with a life-threatening situation. If you’ve ever felt close to death – gotten into a car wreck, engaged in a firefight, fell off a roof – you likely felt that time expanded during those fraught moments, and that everything happened in slow motion, a la The Matrix. In the aftermath, you probably remembered the experience in vivid detail.", "Dr. Eagleman wanted to find out if people’s brains were really slowing down their perception of the world during these life-threatening situations, or if something else was going on. So he took a group of participants to one of the scariest “amusement” rides in the world: the SCAD. Riders are dropped, on their backs, into a 100-foot freefall. Those who try it typically find the experience utterly terrifying. Eagleman had his participants wear a wristwatch and asked them to look at it during their freefall. The watch would flash a digital read-out of a number a split-second too fast for the human eye to register under normal conditions. If fear slows down our perception of reality, Eagleman reasoned, the participants would be able to see the number as they dropped. Yet none were able to do so.", "After their experience on the SCAD, Eagleman asked the participants to imagine their fall and how long it had taken. Though they had been able to accurately guess the time of others’ falls, when it came to estimating their own drop, they invariably felt it had taken 30% longer than it actually had.", "From these results, Eagleman posited that time doesn’t actually slow down when we’re fearing for our lives. Instead, scary situations send our amygdala – a part of the brain connected with memory and emotion – into overdrive, spurring the brain to record much more detail than normal. Because the brain lays down such rich, dense memories of those moments, when you later look back on the experience, there’s a lot more “footage” than normal to run through, making the experience seem like it lasted longer than it actually did.", "Time will not only seem to expand during life-threatening situations, but also whenever we encounter something novel or do something new.", "In another experiment, Eagleman had participants sit in front of a computer screen that continuously flashed the same image of a shoe. Every once in awhile, the monotony was broken with a picture of a flower. The participants believed that the flower stayed on the screen longer, when in fact it cycled through just as quickly as the shoes.", "It may be that the flower seemed to linger because its novelty spurred the participants to pay greater attention to it (more attention=more memory laid down=perception of longer duration). But it’s equally possible that the flower seemed to stay longer because the pictures of the shoes became compressed. Through a cognitive phenomenon called “repetition suppression,” once the brain has been exposed repeatedly to the same stimuli, it doesn’t have to expend as much time and energy recognizing it. The first time the brain encounters something, it utilizes a high amount of cognitive resources in order to make sense of it. The novelty of the stimulus spurs the mind to capture a lot of detail, which makes the encounter seem longer. With each exposure to the same stimuli, the energy required to identify it goes down, as does how long your encounter with it seems to last; the brain develops little neural shortcuts, allowing it to recognize the stimulus much more efficiently. Thus for the participants in the study, the shoe images would have appeared to stay on the screen for a shorter duration than they actually did, making the flash of an occasional flower seem longer in contrast.", "“Repetition suppression” is also in effect when we encounter predictable patterns. The brain knows what’s coming and doesn’t have to work very hard to prepare for what’s around the bend. For example, when you see “1, 2, 3, 4...” your brain’s energy expenditure rises on #1, and then greatly falls off once it recognizes the familiar pattern.", "What may be puzzling about Eagleman’s research is that it seems to contradict popular maxims like “Time flies when you’re having fun,” and “The watched pot never boils.” Don’t exciting and novel experiences speed up time rather than slow it down?", "I posed this question to Dr. Eagleman, who explained to me that there are two types of time perception: prospective and retrospective. Prospective time occurs when you’re in the moment, and your brain is anticipating what will happen next. When you’re busy and a lot is happening, “your mind is no longer attending to time at that moment — you’re not checking your watch or clock — so it seems like time is going by fast.” If you’ve ever been a waiter on a busy night, you know your shift can fly by — your mind is super focused on serving customers and what your next task is rather than on the clock.", "The flip side of prospective time occurs in situations that lack stimuli to engage your brain. If you’re in a boring meeting, or on a long flight, “your mind is deeply attuned to time because you’re always checking your watch every 10 minutes or so.” You have little else to do besides watch the minutes tick by, which makes time seem to slow way down.", "Once your mind reflects on what you’ve been doing (which happens pretty immediately), you transition into retrospective time. If you’ve been doing something boring and bereft of stimuli, your brain won’t have recorded much “footage” from the experience, and it will seem like a quick episode – a waft of cerebral nothingness – in your memory. If you look back on that boring meeting or long flight, it barely registers as a happening in your brain.", "But when you reflect on a dangerous or novel experience, your mind’s got plenty of detailed footage for you to peruse. Your brain interprets this fact thusly: “That must have taken a long time because I don’t normally retain that much detail about events.”", "As you’ve been reading along, you’ve probably already been thinking about how this research applies to your own life, and at last you know the answer to the question we posed at the start: why does time seem to slow down when you’re young, and speed up as you get older?", "When you’re young, everything is new – you’re constantly figuring out how the world works and learning the rules that govern nature and society. And you’re regularly engaging in “firsts”: first day of school, first time driving, first real job, and so on. With all this novelty, your brain is regularly laying down the kind of rich, dense memories that stretch out your perception of time.", "In contrast, when you’re an adult, you’ve pretty much been there and done that. You’ve discovered the patterns of life, and your day-to-day doings are likely much more routine and predictable. Your brain doesn’t have any reason to expend energy on capturing your repetitious and predictable morning commute, ceremonial eating of a ham sandwich at your desk at work, and nightly watching of Game of Thrones. “Nothing to see here,” your brain says, and its camera clicks off. Thus, when you look back on each week, month, and year, there’s very little footage to read out, and your life seems to have passed in a fleeting blur.", "Those who live a mundane, repetitious life are actually hit with a double whammy: in the midst of their boring day-to-day lives (prospective time), time seems to drag interminably on. Yet when they reflect on their lives (retrospective time), it seems to have sped by!", "Yet such a fate is not inevitable. The very cool thing about this research is that it shows us how easily time can be manipulated – how “rubbery” it is, as Eagleman puts it. You have it in your power to slow down (or speed up) your perception of time. You can’t literally make your life longer, but you can make it seem longer. All you need to do is regularly inject a little novelty into it. Think about the last time you went on a great, action-packed vacation. Dimes to donuts, at the end of the trip, you said something like, “We were only here a week, but I feel like we’ve been gone forever.” All that new adventure slowed down your perception of time. Even as we get older, we can still seek out new horizons and new “firsts.”", "You don’t have to do big things like traveling in order to stretch out time either. Eagleman says that even very small changes that “shake up your neural circuits” will do the trick. He recommends trying things like:", "Once you start looking for them, you can find tons of ways to mix things up and re-capture your youthful curiosity and penchant for exploration. My favorite of Eagleman’s suggestions is simple but incredibly important: engaging in life-long learning. Just because you’re no longer roaming through an endless summer, doesn’t mean there isn’t a world of fascinating knowledge out there still to discover.", "When you reach the end of your days, and look back over the course of your life, you can either feel like you were just 18 yesterday and that the subsequent decades passed in the blink of an eye; or, you can run the tape on a seemingly never-ending stream of rich footage of your many adventures, your interesting everyday life, and the wealth of knowledge you accumulated. If the latter, instead of seeing your life flash before your eyes, you will enjoy the satisfaction of watching it languidly unfold and relish the sense of having fit several lifetimes into a single one." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Slow Down and Speed Up Time | The Art of Manliness\n\n * Lessons In Manliness\n * Manvotionals\n * On Manhood\n * On Virtue\n * Personal Development\n * Browse A Man's Life\n\n## Lessons From Fahrenheit 451 for the Modern Day\n\n## Lessons From Walter Cronkite in the Lost Art of Gravitas\n\n## 9 Things a Grown Man Can Learn From the Hardy Boys\n\n## Turn Your Excuses Into Action: The “Do What You Can” Guide from the Blind,\nTeenage Leader of the French Resistance\n\n## Manvotional: The Boy Who Can't\n\n## Manvotional: Success & Happiness\n\n## Manvotional: The Greatest Danger in the World\n\n## Manvotional: Thoreau on Simplicity and Aspiration\n\n## Podcast #337: What Homer's Odyssey Can Teach Us Today\n\n## The Tragic, Liberating Message About Manliness Hidden in American Tall\nTales\n\n## Hector and Achilles: Two Paths to Manliness\n\n## Podcast #243: Becoming a Barbarian\n\n## Courage Vs. Boldness: How to Live With Spartan Bravery\n\n## Podcast #185: Forces of Character\n\n## The 7 Key Mindset Changes for Shifting from Passive Idleness to Active\nReadiness\n\n## Podcast #166: Self, Soul, and Living a More Idealistic Life\n\n## 10 Ways to Improve Your Memory\n\n## 5 Willpower Habits Every Man Should Develop\n\n## How Reframing Builds Resilience\n\n## Possibilities in Spare Moments\n\n * Style\n * Accessories\n * Shaving\n * Browse Style & Grooming\n\n## How to Wear a Cardigan Sweater With Style\n\n## A Man’s Guide to Dressing Sharp and Casual in His 50s\n\n## A Man’s Guide to Dressing Sharp and Casual in His 40s\n\n## How to Wear a Polo Shirt With Style\n\n## How to Sew a Button: Your 60-Second Guide\n\n## How to Care for Leather\n\n## How to Use a Chronograph and Tachymeter on a Wristwatch\n\n## Where to Put Your Stuff In Your Suit\n\n## How to Treat a Shaving Cut\n\n## Podcast #139: The Secrets of Shaving\n\n## How to Trim Your Beard [VIDEO]\n\n## 7 Mistakes New Wet Shavers Make\n\n * Fitness\n * Nutrition\n * Sports\n * Wellness\n * Browse Health & Sports\n\n## Cardio for the Man Who Hates Cardio: The Benefits of Rucking\n\n## The Famous Daily Dozen Exercises\n\n## How to Get Stronger By Improving Your Post-Workout Recovery\n\n## How to Gain Weight\n\n## How to Gain Weight\n\n## Podcast #285: The Real Science of Nutrition and Supplements\n\n## Be a \"Regular\" Guy: Tips for Improving Your Daily Constitutional\n\n## Podcast #233: Diet and Nutrition Advice from the Doctor of Gains\n\n## The 10 Physical Skills Every Man Should Master\n\n## Podcast #248: Why Football Matters\n\n## Podcast #237: Rise of the Sufferfests\n\n## Creatine: A Primer on Its Benefits and Use\n\n## Modern Men’s Sperm Levels Are Falling; Here’s How to Protect Yours\n\n## How to Stop Your Snoring\n\n## How to Get Stronger By Improving Your Post-Workout Recovery\n\n## Podcast #336: Master Your Testosterone\n\n * Cars\n * Just For Fun\n * Outdoors\n * Survival\n * Tactical Skills\n * Browse Manly Skills\n\n## How to the Change the Spark Plugs on a Motorcycle\n\n## How to Drive a Motorcycle\n\n## Gearhead 101: Understanding Manual Transmission\n\n## How to Jump From a Speeding Car\n\n## How to Make Kid-Safe Slime at Home\n\n## Cool Uncle Tricks: How to Break Your Nose\n\n## How to Make a Marshmallow Shooter\n\n## How to Throw a Boomerang\n\n## How to Get Started With Fly Fishing\n\n## How to Backpack With a Baby\n\n## How to Right a Capsized Canoe\n\n## How to Keep Your Course in the Wilderness\n\n## How to Escape From a Building Using Bedsheets\n\n## How to Keep Your Course in the Wilderness\n\n## How to Make a Hobo Stove\n\n## What to Do in a Sandstorm\n\n## How to Escape From a Building Using Bedsheets\n\n## What to Do If You're Being Followed\n\n## Social Aggression vs. Asocial Violence: Why Knowing the Difference Can Save\nYour Life\n\n## Podcast #334: When Violence Is the Answer\n\n * Personal Finance\n * College\n * Entrepreneurship\n * Networking\n * Professional Skills\n * So You Want My Job\n * Browse Money & Career\n\n## How to Write a Check\n\n## 4 Money Tips from 4 Personal Finance Legends\n\n## Podcast #321: How to Think About Money\n\n## Podcast #297: Making Your Kid a Money Genius\n\n## How to Write the Perfect College Application Essay\n\n## A Guide to Paying Back Your Student Loans\n\n## What Every Young Man Should Know About Student Loans\n\n## Networking Tips for College Success: How to Build Relationships and Land a\nGreat Job After College\n\n## Podcast #175: How to Improve Your Work and Life With Systems\n\n## Art of Manliness Podcast #80: Starting Huckberry With Andy Forch & Richard\nGreiner\n\n## 9 Lessons in Entrepreneurship From Shark Tank\n\n## Want to Start a Business? Consider These 5 Invaluable Lessons Before Diving\nIn\n\n## Making Introductions: The FAQs\n\n## How to Contact a Busy Person\n\n## Networking Tips for College Success: How to Build Relationships and Land a\nGreat Job After College\n\n## How to Talk About Your Unconventional Background in a Conventional World\n\n## How to Ace Your Next Phone or Skype Interview\n\n## An Introduction to Public Speaking\n\n## Podcast #234: Haggling and Deal Making Advice From a FBI Hostage Negotiator\n\n## Podcast #211: Difficult Conversations, Small Talk, and Charisma\n\n## So You Want My Job: Stay-at-Home Dad\n\n## So You Want My Trade: Concrete Mason\n\n## So You Want My Trade: Elevator Mechanic\n\n## So You Want My Trade: Automotive Mechanic/Technician\n\n * Dating\n * Fatherhood\n * Friendship\n * Marriage\n * Social Skills\n * Browse Relationships & Family\n\n## Podcast #349: Is This a Date or Not? The Problem With Ambiguity in\nRelationships\n\n## Should You Live Together Before Marriage?\n\n## Legendary Bodybuilder Joe Weider’s Advice on How to Make Women Like You\n\n## Why the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\nAccount\n\n## Adoption 101: Getting to Know the Options and Process\n\n## How to Get Your Kids to Love Nature (Even if You Live in the Burbs)\n\n## Podcast #326: Why Boys Are Struggling & What We Can Do To Help Them\n\n## Our 2 Best Tips for Dealing With Picky Eaters\n\n## Are You A Good Guest? A Quiz From 1944\n\n## How Not to Be Disappointed With Your Friends\n\n## How to Comfort Someone Who’s Sad/Crying\n\n## The 3-Encounter Rule\n\n## Podcast #349: Is This a Date or Not? The Problem With Ambiguity in\nRelationships\n\n## Should You Live Together Before Marriage?\n\n## The Best Ways to Fund Your Relationship Bank Account\n\n## Why the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\nAccount\n\n## Podcast #347: The Science of Social Awkwardness\n\n## Social Briefing #12: Should You Talk About Politics, Religion, and Money?\n\n## Social Briefing #11: Don’t Have a Self-Disclosure Agenda\n\n## Social Briefing #10: How Much Should You Disclose to Someone New?\n\n## Podcast #354: Brains & Brawn — Tips and Inspiration on Being a Well-Rounded\nMan\n\n## Podcast #353: Nostalgia — Its Benefits and Downsides\n\n## Podcast #352: A Famous Butcher Dishes on All Things Meat\n\n## Podcast #351: The Surprising Power of a \"Useless\" Liberal Arts Education\n\nBrett & Kate McKay | August 11, 2014\n\nA Man's Life, Personal Development\n\n# Be a Time Wizard: How to Slow Down and Speed Up Time\n\nAs we now approach the sunset of the summer season, take a look back on the\nlast few months. Does it seem like your summer lasted forever, that it slowly\nfloated along in a hot haze? Or did these last few months seem to go by in a\nblink?\n\nYour answer to that question will likely depend on your age. If you’re a young\nbuck, you’ll probably feel like you fit six months into the last three. If\nyou’re longer in the tooth, chances are your summer seems to have gone by in a\nquick blur – much like the rest of your year.\n\nWhy does time seem to slow down when you’re young, and speed up as you get\nolder? You may have heard it said that this phenomenon can be chalked up to\nthe fact that when you’re younger, each year comprises a larger percentage of\nyour total lifespan and thus feels more sizeable; one year is 1/14 of your\nlife when you’re fourteen, but only 1/40 when you’re 40.\n\nThat’s a fun theory, but there’s an actual neurological reason for how our\nperception of time changes as we age. And once you understand it, you can\nbecome something of a time wizard — quickening or slowing the way time feels,\nand even making your life seem longer than it really is.\n\n### Living on Brain Time\n\nTime is a fixed dimension. “Clock time” can be broken into minutes, seconds,\nand nanoseconds, and can be objectively measured. Even without an external\nchronometer to aid us, our internal clocks often do an excellent job of\ntracking time; if I asked you to guess the time right now, you’d probably be\npretty close.\n\nYet how we perceive time is not always so accurate. Depending on our\ncircumstances, time may seem to contract or expand, speed up or slow down. Dr.\nDavid Eagleman, neuroscientist and foremost researcher on time perception,\ncalls this phenomenon “brain time,” and unlike clock time, its measurements\nare very subjective.\n\nIn contrast to our other senses like touch and taste, which are located in\nspecific parts of our brains, our sense of time is woven throughout our neural\nmatter. As Eagleman puts it, time is “metasensory” and “rides on top of all\nthe others.” Because our perception of time is intricately tied up with our\nemotions and memories, the information we take in about how our hours are\nspent isn’t raw data. Instead, Eagleman explains, our minds filter the info\nbefore presenting it to us:\n\n> “the brain goes through a lot of trouble to edit and present this story to\n> you of what’s going on out there and how fast or slowly it happens. What\n> your brain’s telling you [that] you see is not always what’s out there. It’s\n> trying to put together the best, most useful story of what’s happening out\n> there in the world.”\n\nTime then, Eagleman argues, is ultimately “a construction of the brain.”\n\n### Does “Matrix” Time Exist?\n\nTo understand when, how, and why your brain edits your perception of time,\nit’s useful to begin with what happens to your “brain time” when faced with a\nlife-threatening situation. If you’ve ever felt close to death – gotten into a\ncar wreck, engaged in a firefight, fell off a roof – you likely felt that time\nexpanded during those fraught moments, and that everything happened in slow\nmotion, a la The Matrix. In the aftermath, you probably remembered the\nexperience in vivid detail.\n\nDr. Eagleman wanted to find out if people’s brains were really slowing down\ntheir perception of the world during these life-threatening situations, or if\nsomething else was going on. So he took a group of participants to one of the\nscariest “amusement” rides in the world: the SCAD. Riders are dropped, on\ntheir backs, into a 100-foot freefall. Those who try it typically find the\nexperience utterly terrifying. Eagleman had his participants wear a wristwatch\nand asked them to look at it during their freefall. The watch would flash a\ndigital read-out of a number a split-second too fast for the human eye to\nregister under normal conditions. If fear slows down our perception of\nreality, Eagleman reasoned, the participants would be able to see the number\nas they dropped. Yet none were able to do so.\n\nAfter their experience on the SCAD, Eagleman asked the participants to imagine\ntheir fall and how long it had taken. Though they had been able to accurately\nguess the time of others’ falls, when it came to estimating their own drop,\nthey invariably felt it had taken 30% longer than it actually had.\n\nFrom these results, Eagleman posited that time doesn’t actually slow down when\nwe’re fearing for our lives. Instead, scary situations send our amygdala – a\npart of the brain connected with memory and emotion – into overdrive, spurring\nthe brain to record much more detail than normal. Because the brain lays down\nsuch rich, dense memories of those moments, when you later look back on the\nexperience, there’s a lot more “footage” than normal to run through, making\nthe experience seem like it lasted longer than it actually did.\n\n### Novelty and Our Sense of Time\n\nTime will not only seem to expand during life-threatening situations, but also\nwhenever we encounter something novel or do something new.\n\nIn another experiment, Eagleman had participants sit in front of a computer\nscreen that continuously flashed the same image of a shoe. Every once in\nawhile, the monotony was broken with a picture of a flower. The participants\nbelieved that the flower stayed on the screen longer, when in fact it cycled\nthrough just as quickly as the shoes.\n\nIt may be that the flower seemed to linger because its novelty spurred the\nparticipants to pay greater attention to it (more attention=more memory laid\ndown=perception of longer duration). But it’s equally possible that the flower\nseemed to stay longer because the pictures of the shoes became compressed.\nThrough a cognitive phenomenon called “repetition suppression,” once the brain\nhas been exposed repeatedly to the same stimuli, it doesn’t have to expend as\nmuch time and energy recognizing it. The first time the brain encounters\nsomething, it utilizes a high amount of cognitive resources in order to make\nsense of it. The novelty of the stimulus spurs the mind to capture a lot of\ndetail, which makes the encounter seem longer. With each exposure to the same\nstimuli, the energy required to identify it goes down, as does how long your\nencounter with it seems to last; the brain develops little neural shortcuts,\nallowing it to recognize the stimulus much more efficiently. Thus for the\nparticipants in the study, the shoe images would have appeared to stay on the\nscreen for a shorter duration than they actually did, making the flash of an\noccasional flower seem longer in contrast.\n\n“Repetition suppression” is also in effect when we encounter predictable\npatterns. The brain knows what’s coming and doesn’t have to work very hard to\nprepare for what’s around the bend. For example, when you see “1, 2, 3, 4...”\nyour brain’s energy expenditure rises on #1, and then greatly falls off once\nit recognizes the familiar pattern.\n\n### But Doesn’t Time Fly When You’re Having Fun?\n\nWhat may be puzzling about Eagleman’s research is that it seems to contradict\npopular maxims like “Time flies when you’re having fun,” and “The watched pot\nnever boils.” Don’t exciting and novel experiences speed up time rather than\nslow it down?\n\nI posed this question to Dr. Eagleman, who explained to me that there are two\ntypes of time perception: prospective and retrospective. Prospective time\noccurs when you’re in the moment, and your brain is anticipating what will\nhappen next. When you’re busy and a lot is happening, “your mind is no longer\nattending to time at that moment — you’re not checking your watch or clock —\nso it seems like time is going by fast.” If you’ve ever been a waiter on a\nbusy night, you know your shift can fly by — your mind is super focused on\nserving customers and what your next task is rather than on the clock.\n\nThe flip side of prospective time occurs in situations that lack stimuli to\nengage your brain. If you’re in a boring meeting, or on a long flight, “your\nmind is deeply attuned to time because you’re always checking your watch every\n10 minutes or so.” You have little else to do besides watch the minutes tick\nby, which makes time seem to slow way down.\n\nOnce your mind reflects on what you’ve been doing (which happens pretty\nimmediately), you transition into retrospective time. If you’ve been doing\nsomething boring and bereft of stimuli, your brain won’t have recorded much\n“footage” from the experience, and it will seem like a quick episode – a waft\nof cerebral nothingness – in your memory. If you look back on that boring\nmeeting or long flight, it barely registers as a happening in your brain.\n\nBut when you reflect on a dangerous or novel experience, your mind’s got\nplenty of detailed footage for you to peruse. Your brain interprets this fact\nthusly: “That must have taken a long time because I don’t normally retain that\nmuch detail about events.”\n\nHence, time does fly when you’re having fun, but then stretches out in your\nmemory.\n\n### How to Become a Time Wizard and Slow or Quicken Your Perception of Time\n\nAs you’ve been reading along, you’ve probably already been thinking about how\nthis research applies to your own life, and at last you know the answer to the\nquestion we posed at the start: why does time seem to slow down when you’re\nyoung, and speed up as you get older?\n\nWhen you’re young, everything is new – you’re constantly figuring out how the\nworld works and learning the rules that govern nature and society. And you’re\nregularly engaging in “firsts”: first day of school, first time driving, first\nreal job, and so on. With all this novelty, your brain is regularly laying\ndown the kind of rich, dense memories that stretch out your perception of\ntime.\n\nIn contrast, when you’re an adult, you’ve pretty much been there and done\nthat. You’ve discovered the patterns of life, and your day-to-day doings are\nlikely much more routine and predictable. Your brain doesn’t have any reason\nto expend energy on capturing your repetitious and predictable morning\ncommute, ceremonial eating of a ham sandwich at your desk at work, and nightly\nwatching of Game of Thrones. “Nothing to see here,” your brain says, and its\ncamera clicks off. Thus, when you look back on each week, month, and year,\nthere’s very little footage to read out, and your life seems to have passed in\na fleeting blur.\n\nThose who live a mundane, repetitious life are actually hit with a double\nwhammy: in the midst of their boring day-to-day lives (prospective time), time\nseems to drag interminably on. Yet when they reflect on their lives\n(retrospective time), it seems to have sped by!\n\nYet such a fate is not inevitable. The very cool thing about this research is\nthat it shows us how easily time can be manipulated – how “rubbery” it is, as\nEagleman puts it. You have it in your power to slow down (or speed up) your\nperception of time. You can’t literally make your life longer, but you can\nmake it seem longer. All you need to do is regularly inject a little novelty\ninto it. Think about the last time you went on a great, action-packed\nvacation. Dimes to donuts, at the end of the trip, you said something like,\n“We were only here a week, but I feel like we’ve been gone forever.” All that\nnew adventure slowed down your perception of time. Even as we get older, we\ncan still seek out new horizons and new “firsts.”\n\nYou don’t have to do big things like traveling in order to stretch out time\neither. Eagleman says that even very small changes that “shake up your neural\ncircuits” will do the trick. He recommends trying things like:\n\n * Switching the wrist you put your watch on\n * Changing around the arrangement of your furniture at home\n * Driving a different way to work\n\nOnce you start looking for them, you can find tons of ways to mix things up\nand re-capture your youthful curiosity and penchant for exploration. My\nfavorite of Eagleman’s suggestions is simple but incredibly important:\nengaging in life-long learning. Just because you’re no longer roaming through\nan endless summer, doesn’t mean there isn’t a world of fascinating knowledge\nout there still to discover.\n\nWhen you reach the end of your days, and look back over the course of your\nlife, you can either feel like you were just 18 yesterday and that the\nsubsequent decades passed in the blink of an eye; or, you can run the tape on\na seemingly never-ending stream of rich footage of your many adventures, your\ninteresting everyday life, and the wealth of knowledge you accumulated. If the\nlatter, instead of seeing your life flash before your eyes, you will enjoy the\nsatisfaction of watching it languidly unfold and relish the sense of having\nfit several lifetimes into a single one.\n\nIllustrations by Ted Slampyak\n\nLast updated: July 14, 2016\n\nPrevious Post\n\nNext Post\n\nShow Comments\n\n * Contact\n * Advertise\n * Comment Policy\n * Legal\n\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2017 All Rights Reserved\n\nBuilt with iThemes Builder on WordPress by Screen Four\n\n * A Man’s Life\n * Dress & Grooming\n * Manly Skills\n * Relationships & Family\n * Health & Sports\n * Shop\n * More\n\n * Travel & Leisure\n * Podcast\n * About\n * Archives\n * Videos\n * Community\n * Back\n * Strenuouslife\n\n" } ]
658,397
How To Get Rid of Dark Elbows
To get rid of dark elbows, start by gently scrubbing elbows with a loofah twice a week to remove dry skin. After you scrub, apply a thick moisturizer that contains shea butter to moisturize your elbows. You can also try rubbing each elbow with a half of a cut lemon. Let the juice stay on your skin for 3 hours, then rinse.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210502003749/https://www.aarp.org/entertainment/style-trends/info-2018/natural-remedies-age-spots-fd.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190926131224/https://www.aad.org/media/stats/prevention-and-care/sunscreen-faqs", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411004253/http://myhealthtips.in/2013/09/effective-tips-to-get-rid-of-black-knees-elbow.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501093833/https://naturalbeautytips.co/how-do-you-get-rid-of-dark-elbows-and-knees/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190701060834/https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/exfoliation", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509042532/https://www.homeremedyhacks.com/32-effective-ways-get-rid-dark-elbows-knees-home/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210226031328/https://www.skincareorg.com/how-to-lighten-dark-elbows/how-to-lighten-dark-elbows-home-remedies-fast-naturally/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210816204221/https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003242.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210513113815/https://homeremediesforlife.com/dark-knees-and-elbows/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210816020007/https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/how-to-moisturize-your-skin" ]
train
1,417
[ { "original_url": "https://www.aarp.org/entertainment/style-trends/info-2018/natural-remedies-age-spots-fd.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210502003749/https://www.aarp.org/entertainment/style-trends/info-2018/natural-remedies-age-spots-fd.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Foods That Can Help You With Age Spots", "passages": [ "We all know what age spots look like — tiny brown dark spots that can develop on your hands and face. We think they come from growing older, but they are actually a sign of sun damage or fluctuations in hormones.", "The medical treatments that can effectively fade or permanently remove dark spots include lasers, chemical peels and microdermabrasion, but you can also remove those spots naturally with items in your kitchen.", "Here are seven products that may already be in your pantry or refrigerator that can naturally and effectively fade dark spots or age spots on your hands and face.", "Using lemon juice to combat age spots is really a no-brainer. The citric acid and vitamin C in lemon make it the perfect natural bleaching agent. Test your skin first to see if you are sensitive to lemon juice at full strength. If the pure lemon juice is too harsh for your skin, you can dilute it with water.", "Take one lemon, water and a cotton ball. Squeeze the lemon into a bowl and add equal parts of water. Use the cotton ball to apply the mixture directly to the areas with dark spots on your face and hands. Leave on for about 20 minutes and then rinse with water, but don’t use soap. Do this at least a couple of nights a week to allow the lemon juice time to fade the spots and even out your skin tone.", "The starch and sugar in potatoes can work wonders on the skin due to their exfoliating ability to remove dead skin and boost the growth of new cells. The potato's vitamins and minerals, including vitamin B6, potassium, zinc, vitamin C and phosphorus, all work to rejuvenate the collagen in your skin.", "To use a potato on dark spots, just cut the potato into thin slices. Take the slices and apply a little water to moisten, and then place it on your skin over the age spots. Leave it on for about 10 minutes. You can apply potato to your skin every day. It’s that mild, and it’s best to apply at night to give the vitamins and minerals a chance to work on your skin tone.", "The wonderful properties of cucumbers have been used for years to moisturize the skin, and they are also a cool and soothing cover for your eyes while relaxing on spa days. Cucumbers have a high water content, contain antioxidants and multiple vitamins, and can be used against several skin discolorations including dark circles and acne scars.", "You can slice a cucumber, rub the juice from the vegetable on the dark spots and leave the slices on your skin for about 20 minutes. You can also create a cucumber mixture listed on stylecraze.com. Put one cucumber, a half-teaspoon of aloe vera gel and a tablespoon of lemon juice into a blender. Blend the ingredients to a pulp and apply to your face and hands where needed. Leave on for 30 minutes and wash off with just water, no soap. The suggestion is to use this mixture daily.", "It’s not just a breakfast food anymore. Oatmeal is great for exfoliation and clearing away dead skin cells. It also has an anti-inflammatory quality and can be soothing to irritated skin. To make a gentle, exfoliating mixture that can reduce the appearance of age spots, combine 3 tablespoons of oatmeal, 1 tablespoon of honey and 1 tablespoon of milk in a bowl to make a paste. Apply to your face and hands and leave it on until it dries completely, then rinse off with just water. The oatmeal exfoliates, the honey moisturizes and the milk works to remove the dark spots. You can apply this mixture three times a week.", "Milk, yogurt and buttermilk all contain high amounts of lactic acid, which can exfoliate and lighten the skin. Their vitamin D, vitamin B12 and lactic acid can remove the dead skin cells and lighten pigmentation. Vitamin A, vitamin B6 and biotin can boost collagen production. You can apply buttermilk or yogurt directly to the skin to fight age spots. Saturate cotton balls with the milk to make it easier to apply. Leave it on for about 20 minutes before rinsing off. You can use milk or yogurt on the skin daily or until you see the results you are looking for.", "Used in medicine and cosmetics for thousands of years, honey has many beneficial qualities for the skin. Honey is a natural antibacterial agent, is full of antioxidants and is credited with slowing down aging. The best honey is one that contains over 80 percent sugar. It will act as an exfoliator to remove dead pigmented skin and will also facilitate the growth of healthy new cells. For best results use raw or organic honey. Raw honey contains all of the nutrients that are beneficial to your skin. Apply the honey with your fingertips, rub into the skin and leave on for 20 minutes. Honey is so mild that it can be used daily or until you see results.", "Don’t throw out your orange peels. They contain high levels of vitamin C and calcium. Their vitamins and antioxidants can rejuvenate the skin and create new skin cells while fighting free radicals. Orange peels can draw toxins and impurities out of your skin and lighten the dark pigmented areas. Apply the juice from the orange peel directly to the age spots. Let it dry for about 20 minutes and rinse off with water.", "You are leaving AARP.org and going to the website of our trusted provider. The provider’s terms, conditions and policies apply. Please return to AARP.org to learn more about other benefits.", "You'll start receiving the latest news, benefits, events, and programs related to AARP's mission to empower people to choose how they live as they age.", "You can also manage your communication preferences by updating your account at anytime. You will be asked to register or log in.", "In the next 24 hours, you will receive an email to confirm your subscription to receive emails related to AARP volunteering. Once you confirm that subscription, you will regularly receive communications related to AARP volunteering. In the meantime, please feel free to search for ways to make a difference in your community at www.aarp.org/volunteer" ] }, "parsed_md": "Foods That Can Help You With Age Spots\n\nSkip to content\n\nSave 25% on the Smart Driver online course! You also could save on auto\ninsurance.\n\nMenu\n\nNow Reading:\n\nJoin Today, Save 25% JOIN NOW\n\nMembership My Account\n\nJust $16 a Year RENEW NOW\n\nJust $16 a Year RENEW NOW\n\nJoin Today, Save 25% JOIN NOW\n\nRewards for Good\n\n * Logout\n\nSearch\n\n 1. Entertainment\n\nBeauty & Style\n\n * Movies for Grownups\n * TV for Grownups\n * Music\n * Celebrities\n * Beauty & Style\n * Books\n * Bookstore\n * Podcasts\n\n# Get the Upper Hand On Age Spots\n\n## 7 kitchen items that can do the trick\n\nby Cheryl Bond-Nelms, AARP, February 28, 2018 | Comments: 0\n\nGetty Images\n\nLemon juice is a perfect natural bleaching agent that can effectively fade age\nspots.\n\nWe all know what age spots look like — tiny brown dark spots that can develop\non your hands and face. We think they come from growing older, but they are\nactually a sign of sun damage or fluctuations in hormones.\n\nThe medical treatments that can effectively fade or permanently remove dark\nspots include lasers, chemical peels and microdermabrasion, but you can also\nremove those spots naturally with items in your kitchen.\n\nHere are seven products that may already be in your pantry or refrigerator\nthat can naturally and effectively fade dark spots or age spots on your hands\nand face.\n\n### 1\\. Lemon juice\n\nUsing lemon juice to combat age spots is really a no-brainer. The citric acid\nand vitamin C in lemon make it the perfect natural bleaching agent. Test your\nskin first to see if you are sensitive to lemon juice at full strength. If the\npure lemon juice is too harsh for your skin, you can dilute it with water.\n\nTake one lemon, water and a cotton ball. Squeeze the lemon into a bowl and add\nequal parts of water. Use the cotton ball to apply the mixture directly to the\nareas with dark spots on your face and hands. Leave on for about 20 minutes\nand then rinse with water, but don’t use soap. Do this at least a couple of\nnights a week to allow the lemon juice time to fade the spots and even out\nyour skin tone.\n\n### 2\\. Potato\n\nThe starch and sugar in potatoes can work wonders on the skin due to their\nexfoliating ability to remove dead skin and boost the growth of new cells. The\npotato's vitamins and minerals, including vitamin B6, potassium, zinc, vitamin\nC and phosphorus, all work to rejuvenate the collagen in your skin.\n\nTo use a potato on dark spots, just cut the potato into thin slices. Take the\nslices and apply a little water to moisten, and then place it on your skin\nover the age spots. Leave it on for about 10 minutes. You can apply potato to\nyour skin every day. It’s that mild, and it’s best to apply at night to give\nthe vitamins and minerals a chance to work on your skin tone.\n\n### 3\\. Cucumber\n\nThe wonderful properties of cucumbers have been used for years to moisturize\nthe skin, and they are also a cool and soothing cover for your eyes while\nrelaxing on spa days. Cucumbers have a high water content, contain\nantioxidants and multiple vitamins, and can be used against several skin\ndiscolorations including dark circles and acne scars.\n\nYou can slice a cucumber, rub the juice from the vegetable on the dark spots\nand leave the slices on your skin for about 20 minutes. You can also create a\ncucumber mixture listed on stylecraze.com. Put one cucumber, a half-teaspoon\nof aloe vera gel and a tablespoon of lemon juice into a blender. Blend the\ningredients to a pulp and apply to your face and hands where needed. Leave on\nfor 30 minutes and wash off with just water, no soap. The suggestion is to use\nthis mixture daily.\n\n### 4\\. Oatmeal\n\nIt’s not just a breakfast food anymore. Oatmeal is great for exfoliation and\nclearing away dead skin cells. It also has an anti-inflammatory quality and\ncan be soothing to irritated skin. To make a gentle, exfoliating mixture that\ncan reduce the appearance of age spots, combine 3 tablespoons of oatmeal, 1\ntablespoon of honey and 1 tablespoon of milk in a bowl to make a paste. Apply\nto your face and hands and leave it on until it dries completely, then rinse\noff with just water. The oatmeal exfoliates, the honey moisturizes and the\nmilk works to remove the dark spots. You can apply this mixture three times a\nweek.\n\n### 5\\. Buttermilk\n\nMilk, yogurt and buttermilk all contain high amounts of lactic acid, which can\nexfoliate and lighten the skin. Their vitamin D, vitamin B12 and lactic acid\ncan remove the dead skin cells and lighten pigmentation. Vitamin A, vitamin B6\nand biotin can boost collagen production. You can apply buttermilk or yogurt\ndirectly to the skin to fight age spots. Saturate cotton balls with the milk\nto make it easier to apply. Leave it on for about 20 minutes before rinsing\noff. You can use milk or yogurt on the skin daily or until you see the results\nyou are looking for.\n\n### 6\\. Honey\n\nUsed in medicine and cosmetics for thousands of years, honey has many\nbeneficial qualities for the skin. Honey is a natural antibacterial agent, is\nfull of antioxidants and is credited with slowing down aging. The best honey\nis one that contains over 80 percent sugar. It will act as an exfoliator to\nremove dead pigmented skin and will also facilitate the growth of healthy new\ncells. For best results use raw or organic honey. Raw honey contains all of\nthe nutrients that are beneficial to your skin. Apply the honey with your\nfingertips, rub into the skin and leave on for 20 minutes. Honey is so mild\nthat it can be used daily or until you see results.\n\n### 7\\. Orange peel\n\nDon’t throw out your orange peels. They contain high levels of vitamin C and\ncalcium. Their vitamins and antioxidants can rejuvenate the skin and create\nnew skin cells while fighting free radicals. Orange peels can draw toxins and\nimpurities out of your skin and lighten the dark pigmented areas. Apply the\njuice from the orange peel directly to the age spots. Let it dry for about 20\nminutes and rinse off with water.\n\n### Also of Interest\n\n * Eye makeup tips from the stars\n\n## Join the Discussion\n\n| 0 | Add Yours\n\nPlease leave your comment below.\n\nYou must be logged in to leave a comment.\n\nFeatured AARP Member Benefits\n\nSee All >\n\n * Entertainment\n\n## AARP Games\n\n### Free online games and puzzles including classic Atari games\n\nlearn more\n\nSee more Entertainment offers >\n\n * Entertainment\n\n## Ancestry\n\n### Members save 30% on a 1-year subscription\n\nlearn more\n\nSee more Entertainment offers >\n\n * Entertainment\n\n## Audible\n\n### AARP members can save on Audible memberships\n\nlearn more\n\nSee more Entertainment offers >\n\n * Entertainment\n\n## TV for Grownups\n\n### TV show reviews, news and celebrity interviews\n\nlearn more\n\nSee more Entertainment offers >\n\nClose\n\nAARP is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization that empowers people to choose\nhow they live as they age.\n\n * About AARP\n * AARP Press Center\n * Careers at AARP\n * Membership\n * Contact Us\n\n * En Español\n * AARP 樂齡會\n * Veterans Resources\n * My Community Page\n * Help\n\n### Membership\n\n * Join\n * Renew\n * Member Benefits\n * Print Your Card\n * Update Your Info\n * Cancel\n * Gift an AARP Membership\n\n### Member Benefits\n\n * Member Benefits\n * Download PDF of Benefits\n * AARP Auto Buying Program\n * Hot Deals\n\n### Disrupt Aging\n\n * Home\n * What We're About\n * Stories\n * Book\n\n### Communities\n\n * Asian Community\n * Black Community\n * Hispanic Community\n * LGBTQ Community\n * Native American Community\n\n### Information For You\n\n * AARP In Your City\n * AARP In Your State\n * Driver Safety\n * Fighting For Your Health\n * Fraud Watch Network\n * Government Watch\n * National Retired Teachers Association\n * Tax Aide\n * Where AARP Stands\n\n### AARP Foundation\n\n * Donate\n * Housing\n * Hunger\n * Income\n * Isolation\n * Legal Advocacy\n * Planned Giving\n\n### For Professionals\n\n * AARP International\n * AARP Livable Communities\n * AARP Services\n * Advertise with AARP\n * National Retired Teachers Association\n * Press Center\n * Public Policy\n * Public Policy Institute\n * Research\n\n### Health & Wellness\n\n * Conditions & Treatments\n * Healthy Living\n * Health Insurance\n * Staying Sharp\n\n### Social Security & Medicare\n\n * Medicare Resource Center\n * Medicare Q&A;\n * Social Security Benefits Calculator\n * Social Security Resource Center\n * Social Security Q&A;\n\n### Family Caregiving\n\n * Local Resources and Solutions\n * Long-Term Care Calculator\n * Caregiving Q&A;\n\n### Work & Jobs\n\n * Job Searching Tips\n * AARP Job Board\n * Working at 50+\n * Career Change\n * Start a Business\n * AARP Resume AdvisorSM\n\n### Take Action\n\n * Be an E-Advocate\n * Create the Good\n * Donate\n * Experience Corps\n * AARP Events\n * Tools\n * Volunteer\n * Chapter Locator\n * Wish of a Lifetime\n * OATS\n * Senior Planet\n\n### Have Fun\n\n * Entertainment\n * Games\n * Quizzes\n * Sweepstakes\n * Travel\n\n### Read, Watch, Listen\n\n * AARP Bookstore\n * AARP Bulletin\n * AARP The Magazine\n * Blog\n * Events\n * Podcasts\n * Videos\n\n * Sitemap\n * RSS\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * AARP Rewards Terms and Conditions\n * Copyright Information\n * Ad Choices\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n\nLeaving AARP.org Website\n\nYou are leaving AARP.org and going to the website of our trusted provider. The\nprovider’s terms, conditions and policies apply. Please return to AARP.org to\nlearn more about other benefits.\n\nCancel Continue\n\nThank You\n\nYour email address is now confirmed.\n\nYou'll start receiving the latest news, benefits, events, and programs related\nto AARP's mission to empower people to choose how they live as they age.\n\nYou can also manage your communication preferences by updating your account at\nanytime. You will be asked to register or log in.\n\nContinue to AARP.org\n\nLeaving AARP.org Website\n\nCancel Continue\n\nOffer Details\n\nDisclosures\n\nThank you for your interest in volunteering!\n\nIn the next 24 hours, you will receive an email to confirm your subscription\nto receive emails related to AARP volunteering. Once you confirm that\nsubscription, you will regularly receive communications related to AARP\nvolunteering. In the meantime, please feel free to search for ways to make a\ndifference in your community at www.aarp.org/volunteer\n\nClose\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aad.org/media/stats/prevention-and-care/sunscreen-faqs", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190926131224/https://www.aad.org/media/stats/prevention-and-care/sunscreen-faqs", "parsed_text": { "title": "American Academy of Dermatology", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Sunscreen FAQs | American Academy of Dermatology\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://myhealthtips.in/2013/09/effective-tips-to-get-rid-of-black-knees-elbow.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411004253/http://myhealthtips.in/2013/09/effective-tips-to-get-rid-of-black-knees-elbow.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "15 Effective Tips To Get Rid Of Black Knees And Elbow", "passages": [ "The buildup of thick and dead skin formed by the friction or pressure in elbows or knees or in ankles causes the skin to turn black. Leaning onto the table using the elbows or kneeling down while you offer prayers can make the skin look dark. It is really embarrassing for women to wear short skirts or sleeveless dresses with black knees and elbows. Black knees and elbows can happen to any person regardless of the color of their skin. Getting too much sun and not exfoliating your skin add to the darkening of the skin. You can easily get rid of black knees and elbow using various home remedies. The home remedies should be based on exfoliation and bleaching of the skin.", "Baking soda is very effective in cleaning the skin and reduces darkening of the skin. Milk bleaches and cleanses the skin", "Turmeric has antiseptic properties and milk act as bleach. Honey moisturizes the dry skin and also has antiseptic properties. These natural properties of the ingredients will help to get rid of black elbows and knees.", "Lemon juice has natural bleaching property and honey moisturizes the skin preventing darkening of the skin. Repeat this remedy at least thrice a week to get better results", "Apply the mixture of lemon and honey on the affected areas and leave the mixture to act for at least 20 minutes", "Gram flour can cleanse the area and also provides mild exfoliation. Lemon is a natural bleach and this will help to reduce the darkness.", "Apply the mixture and rub in circular motion, allow it to dry and wash it off to get the light colored skin.", "This oil has natural bleaching properties and it also softens the rough skin on the knees and elbow giving it smoothness and glow. This is one of the cheapest remedies for dark skin formed by friction and dryness.", "Use the exfoliating brush or loofah while taking bath, when the skin is moist and scrub the skin in a circular motion", "These natural fats act as good moisturizers and help to make the skin soft. This helps to remove the darkness caused by the dry and flaky skin.", "Aloe Vera reduces the sun damage caused to the skin due to overexposure of the elbows and knees to the sun. It also moisturizes the skin and prevents the dryness which may lead to darkening of the skin.", "Apply the fresh gel to the knees and elbows and leave it for half an hour to get a fresh looking skin on your elbows and knees.", "When used together this home remedy to reduce the dark color of the skin as they cleanse and moisturize the skin.", "Fruits like lemon, tomato and grapes have bleaching property and help to get rid of black skin when used regularly.", "Moisturizers hydrate the skin and avoid the dryness of the skin. This will prevent darkening of the skin. The moisturizers also reduce the friction on the skin.", "Apply any natural oil like olive oil, sesame seed oil or coconut oil on the skin to reduce the dryness and darkening of the skin.", "Are you embarrassed with the black knees and the elbows? Are you looking for the cheap and easily available remedies for the problem? Then try the above- given remedies to get rid of the black knees and elbow.", "Ans: Ashy elbows are due to dead skin cells, so you can follow the same remedies mentioned above to get rid of these ashy elbows.", "Ans: Bleaching cream contains chemicals which may have a bad effect on the skin such as skin diseases, thinning of skin etc. so do not go for bleaching.", "Ans: Yes, you can use baking soda for dark knees. The clear steps of how to use are mentioned in the above article.", "Ans: Do not use any of the creams because they contain harmful chemicals which are not safe for your skin.", "I already tried Olive Oil and Sugar. I did what was said, and my skin is getting lighter and soft. But how many times do I have to rub this per day?", "Pls I av a very stubborn an black kneel an elbow pls wat can I use 4 dis pls an", "I tried garnier lightening cream. Comes in a small green tube. Been dealing with this problem over 20 years, this is the only product that made a difference. I put it on twice a day.", "My knees are really very dark and tomorrow I have football match in school and I have to wear shorts what to do pls help!!!", "I guess I need something to exfoliate my knees and elbows and whiten them later with my Solvaderm. will these methods work on other parts of the body as well? Well, I should try it out for my self, Thanks for this 🙂" ] }, "parsed_md": "15 Effective Tips To Get Rid Of Black Knees And Elbow - My Health Tips\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n\nMy Health Tips\n\nTo Keep You Fit & Healthy!\n\n# 15 Effective Tips To Get Rid Of Black Knees And Elbow\n\nSeptember 4, 2013 by Jennifer 13 Comments\n\nThe buildup of thick and dead skin formed by the friction or pressure in\nelbows or knees or in ankles causes the skin to turn black. Leaning onto the\ntable using the elbows or kneeling down while you offer prayers can make the\nskin look dark. It is really embarrassing for women to wear short skirts or\nsleeveless dresses with black knees and elbows. Black knees and elbows can\nhappen to any person regardless of the color of their skin. Getting too much\nsun and not exfoliating your skin add to the darkening of the skin. You can\neasily get rid of black knees and elbow using various home remedies. The home\nremedies should be based on exfoliation and bleaching of the skin.\n\n## Home Remedies to get rid of Black Knees and Elbow:\n\n### 1\\. Baking Soda\n\nBaking soda is very effective in cleaning the skin and reduces darkening of\nthe skin. Milk bleaches and cleanses the skin\n\n * Take one tablespoon of baking soda and mix it with milk\n * Apply this paste on knees and elbows and scrub it using a circular motion.\n * Repeat the remedy once every two days. Repeat until you notice changes in the color.\n\n### 2\\. Turmeric, Honey And Milk\n\nTurmeric has antiseptic properties and milk act as bleach. Honey moisturizes\nthe dry skin and also has antiseptic properties. These natural properties of\nthe ingredients will help to get rid of black elbows and knees.\n\n * Mix some turmeric with milk and honey to make it a smooth paste\n * Apply it to the dark areas and leave it there for at least 20 minutes\n * Wet your hands and rub it for 2 minutes and then wash it off with water\n\n### 3\\. Sugar And Olive Oil\n\nThe sugar present in this home remedy work as exfoliate and the olive oil will\nmoisturize the skin.\n\n * Mix equal quantities of olive oil and sugar to make a thick paste\n * Apply this mix on to the black knees and elbow\n * Rub the skin using this mixture for about five minutes.\n * Wash using mild soap and water\n\n### 4\\. Lemon And Honey\n\nLemon juice has natural bleaching property and honey moisturizes the skin\npreventing darkening of the skin. Repeat this remedy at least thrice a week to\nget better results\n\n * Take the juice of one lemon and mix it with one tablespoon of honey\n * Apply the mixture of lemon and honey on the affected areas and leave the mixture to act for at least 20 minutes\n * Wash the mixture off with water to get the lightened skin\n\n### 5\\. Gram Flour And Lemon\n\nGram flour can cleanse the area and also provides mild exfoliation. Lemon is a\nnatural bleach and this will help to reduce the darkness.\n\n * Add some lime juice to gram flour to make it damp\n * Apply the mixture and rub in circular motion, allow it to dry and wash it off to get the light colored skin.\n\n### 6.Olive Oil\n\nThis oil has natural bleaching properties and it also softens the rough skin\non the knees and elbow giving it smoothness and glow. This is one of the\ncheapest remedies for dark skin formed by friction and dryness.\n\n * Rub warm olive oil to the knees and elbows every day for 10 minutes\n\n### 7.Exfoliating Brush\n\nYou can use any exfoliating brush or loofah to remove the dead cells from the\nknee and elbow\n\n * Use the exfoliating brush or loofah while taking bath, when the skin is moist and scrub the skin in a circular motion\n\n### 8.Cocoa Butter And Shea Butter\n\nThese natural fats act as good moisturizers and help to make the skin soft.\nThis helps to remove the darkness caused by the dry and flaky skin.\n\n * Apply cocoa butter or Shea butter on the darkened skin every night before going to bed.\n\n### 9.Aloe Vera Gel\n\nAloe Vera reduces the sun damage caused to the skin due to overexposure of the\nelbows and knees to the sun. It also moisturizes the skin and prevents the\ndryness which may lead to darkening of the skin.\n\n * Take fresh leaves of Aloe Vera and take out the gel by breaking the fleshy leaf.\n * Apply the fresh gel to the knees and elbows and leave it for half an hour to get a fresh looking skin on your elbows and knees.\n\n### 10.Use Sunscreen Lotions\n\nUsing sunscreen lotions while going out reduces the chances of developing a\ndark skin on the exposed parts.\n\n * Apply sunscreen while going out in the sun during the summer season.\n * You can also use it as a moisturizer after shower on elbows and knees to lighten the skin color.\n\n### 11.Vinegar And Yoghurt\n\nWhen used together this home remedy to reduce the dark color of the skin as\nthey cleanse and moisturize the skin.\n\n * Apply a mixture of vinegar and yoghurt on the affected areas and leave it to dry\n * When the mixture becomes dry rub the area in a circular motion for two minutes and wash.\n\n### 12\\. Bleaching Fruits\n\nFruits like lemon, tomato and grapes have bleaching property and help to get\nrid of black skin when used regularly.\n\n * Apply the juice of any of the bleaching fruits regularly to the skin\n * You can use different fruit juices on different days\n\n### 13.Use Moisturizers\n\nMoisturizers hydrate the skin and avoid the dryness of the skin. This will\nprevent darkening of the skin. The moisturizers also reduce the friction on\nthe skin.\n\n * Apply good quality moisturizer after having shower to keep your skin fresh and supple\n\n### 14\\. Natural Oils\n\nNatural oils will retain the moisture of the skin and reduce the darkness of\nthe skin\n\n * Apply any natural oil like olive oil, sesame seed oil or coconut oil on the skin to reduce the dryness and darkening of the skin.\n\n### 15.Pumice Stone\n\nRub the dark skin using a pumice stone. This helps to remove the dead cells\nfrom the skin.\n\n * Use a pumice stone to remove the dead skin while bathing\n\nAre you embarrassed with the black knees and the elbows? Are you looking for\nthe cheap and easily available remedies for the problem? Then try the above-\ngiven remedies to get rid of the black knees and elbow.\n\n## Frequently asked Question & Answers:\n\n#### Q: Why are my knees and elbow dark?\n\nAns: It is because of dead skin cells which occur due to the pressure on the\nknees and elbows.\n\n#### Q: How do you get rid of dark elbows?\n\nAns: All the 15 home remedies mentioned in the above article are effective in\ngetting rid of dark elbows.\n\n#### Q: How can I get rid of ashy elbows?\n\nAns: Ashy elbows are due to dead skin cells, so you can follow the same\nremedies mentioned above to get rid of these ashy elbows.\n\n#### Q: Can I use Bleaching cream for dark knees?\n\nAns: Bleaching cream contains chemicals which may have a bad effect on the\nskin such as skin diseases, thinning of skin etc. so do not go for bleaching.\n\n#### Q: Baking soda for dark knees\n\nAns: Yes, you can use baking soda for dark knees. The clear steps of how to\nuse are mentioned in the above article.\n\n#### Q: Which is the Best cream or lotion for dark knees and elbow?\n\nAns: Do not use any of the creams because they contain harmful chemicals which\nare not safe for your skin.\n\nFiled Under: Home Remedies, Skin Care Tagged With: Dark Skin, How To\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Nevaeh says\n\nDecember 21, 2014 at 11:41 am\n\nHow many times to I have to use the Sugar and Olive Oil?\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 2. Nevaeh says\n\nDecember 21, 2014 at 11:42 am\n\nI already tried Olive Oil and Sugar. I did what was said, and my skin is\ngetting lighter and soft. But how many times do I have to rub this per day?\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n * My Health Tips says\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 7:25 am\n\nUse 2 times every day\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 3. Ifeoluwa Badmus says\n\nMarch 18, 2015 at 8:50 am\n\nPls I av a very stubborn an black kneel an elbow pls wat can I use 4 dis pls\nan\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 4. Amy Nix-Martin says\n\nOctober 5, 2015 at 1:58 pm\n\nI tried garnier lightening cream. Comes in a small green tube. Been dealing\nwith this problem over 20 years, this is the only product that made a\ndifference. I put it on twice a day.\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 5. My Health Tips says\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 7:24 am\n\nYes, with a regular use you will be able to get rid of black knees and elbow\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 6. My Health Tips says\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 7:25 am\n\nSome of the remedies like Gram Flour And Lemon & honey with lemon can be used\nfor under arm\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 7. My Health Tips says\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 7:26 am\n\nUse Gram Flour And Lemon for instant good result\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n * David Kay says\n\nSeptember 30, 2016 at 7:15 am\n\nLies. What do you have to gain by lying to people?\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 8. My Health Tips says\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 7:26 am\n\nTry lemon with honey to get instant results\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 9. My Health Tips says\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 7:27 am\n\nUse lemon and sugar scrub to get rid of black spots on leg\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 10. Arush says\n\nAugust 27, 2016 at 9:04 am\n\nMy knees are really very dark and tomorrow I have football match in school and\nI have to wear shorts what to do pls help!!!\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 11. Joana Bryer says\n\nNovember 30, 2016 at 2:23 pm\n\nI guess I need something to exfoliate my knees and elbows and whiten them\nlater with my Solvaderm. will these methods work on other parts of the body as\nwell? Well, I should try it out for my self, Thanks for this 🙂\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### All Time Best\n\n### Popular Today\n\n * How To Lose 8 Kgs Weight In 7 Days\n * How To Get Flat Tummy In 10 Days\n * How To Heal Cracked Feet Quickly\n * 23 Natural Herbs for Gout\n * Best Home Remedies to Remove Dark Spots\n * Foods To Avoid With Thyroid Problems\n * Top 20 Anti-Aging Foods\n * Home Remedies That Are Quite Effective On Urinary Tract Infection\n * How to Reduce Breast Size Fast at Home\n * Natural Home Remedies For Bad Breath\n\nCopyright © 2021 · Magazine Pro on Genesis Framework · WordPress · Log in\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://naturalbeautytips.co/how-do-you-get-rid-of-dark-elbows-and-knees/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501093833/https://naturalbeautytips.co/how-do-you-get-rid-of-dark-elbows-and-knees/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Do You Get Rid Of Dark Elbows And Knees Naturally Fast", "passages": [ "Are you ashamed of having dark elbows and knees? And alas, are you unable to wear sleeve-less tops or shorts or skirts because of your dark elbows and knees. And you have been trying to scrub off the “dirt” and dark spots with soap, but to no avail!", "Rough, darkened knees and elbow are a common problem. They become dark because of dead skin cells. Elbow skin is naturally thicker and more prone to moisture loss than other skin. On top of it, the wear and tear of leaning over them can further roughen the skin and make it coarse.", "Don’t neglect your dark elbows and knees during body care and moisturizing regimens. In this article you will find methods about how to get rid of dark elbows and knees. To get rid of dark elbows and knees you don’t need to rush off to an expensive salon. Good news is that you can lighten your dark elbows and knees with natural home remedies for dark elbows that bleach or exfoliate dark elbows and knees. A word of caution is not to use any ingredient, if you are allergic to it.", "1. Lemon: It is an antioxidant. In addition it has bleaching and exfoliating properties, and so can be used to get rid of dark skin / dead cells on various parts of your body, including dark elbows and knees. It also clears the way for the healthy cells reproduction.", "Cut a large lemon into two equal halves. Squeeze out a little juice from both halves, so as that you have two small cups. Scrub each lemon half onto your elbows and knees for 10 to 15 minutes. Rub away the pulp. Keep the cleansed areas away from sunlight by staying indoor or covering them with some loose clothing. However, do not put water on the cleansed areas. Moisturize the areas with pure petroleum jelly or vaseline. Your elbows or knees will feel smoother and softer. Repeat this process every day for a couple of weeks to see significant improvement. Continue with this treatment till your elbows and knees are lightened, and thereafter as and when needed.", "2. Fresh Lemon Juice, Olive Oil and Salt: Mix 2 tbsp. of fresh lemon juice with 1tbsp of olive oil and 1/2 cup of sea or table salt in a small glass bowl. Mix the ingredients well. The lemon juice acts as acidic to eliminate dead skin cells, uncovering lighter skin from underneath plus it also work as a mild natural bleaching agent. The grainy property of the salt makes it work as a gentle exfoliant to remove dead skin cells. In addition the olive oil works as a moisturizer. Rub this mixed paste onto your dark elbows and knees every day for 10 to 15 minutes to see significant difference in few weeks’ time.", "Caution: If the lemon stings your elbow or affected dark area unbearably, your skin might be super dry. If such is the case with you, you need to moisturize it with petroleum jelly or vaseline a night before you use the lemon.", "3. Baking Soda mixed with Milk: Mixed these two ingredients well to make a thick paste. Apply this paste onto your elbows and knees and rub it in circular motions. Repeat this treatment every day or every alternate day, till your dark knees and elbows are lightened.", "Caution: If the affected area on your elbows and knees is bruised or cracked, avoid using lemon or salt ingredients thereon.", "4. Coconut Oil and Lemon Juice: Mix one tsp. of coconut oil with 1/2 tsp. of lemon juice in a small glass bowl. Rub this natural whitening solution onto your dark elbows and knees and leave it there for 15 to 20 minutes. Wipe off any excess lotion using paper towels. Coconut oil is not only very soothing, but it works as a hydrating agent and natural bleacher.", "5. Olive Oil and Sugar: Mix one tbsp. of olive oil with one tsp. of sugar to form a scrubbing paste. Before taking bath rub this scrubbing paste on to your dark elbows and knees for few minutes.", "(i) If none of the above home remedies for getting rid of dark knees or elbows work then we suggest you try a skin bleaching lotion.", "(ii) After using any ingredient to exfoliate or scrub your dark elbows or knees, remember to moisturize the area with coconut oil or any other moisturizer or even petroleum jelly or vaseline to prevent re-occurrence of darkening of the affected areas.", "Apply above methods to get rid of dark elbows and knees daily and consistently. Be patient and you will see the difference in few weeks’ time.", "yah, hey i just wanna ask if those steps will do it every day? like i mean the “lime” using, will i stick with that remedy or i need to change like every week i will change other remedy? pls reply cause i’m having trouble with those remedies.", "You can try a remedy every day or alternate day. Apply it for a couple of weeks, and if you don’t see any improvement try the other remedies & so on. Also it’s a good idea to apply these remedies in rotation. Lightening your dark elbows and knees require patience.", "I’ve been using eyerid serum for a little over a week, only one time a day rather than two and my skin is glowing! The hyperpigmentation seems to be lightening but my skin is literally glowing. I am confident enough after trying this to buy the whole line!", "* megha July 8, 2016 At 2:37 pm\nMadam my face hands and legs are fully dark can I use olive oil and sugar for skin lightening does it will work with in 1 week ..", "* Chandni July 8, 2016 At 10:05 pm\nYes, you can use olive oil and sugar to exfoliate, which would also help to lighten your skin. Take a hot wet cloth to wipe and dampen your face, hands and legs. Scrub gently your skin with a thick mixture of granulated sugar and extra virgin olive oil for some time. Rinse off the mixture with lukewarm water. Take another damp cloth and wipe gently your skin until all the oil is off. Do this every alternate day. This will certainly lighten your skin and provide a natural glow. Follow this regimen regularly, and you will see improvement in two weeks time.", "* Keem August 7, 2016 At 11:16 am\nHow about sunflower oil? I don’k know anything about its properties but we have lots of stored sunflower oil. Can I use it as a substitute for coconut oil? If yes, will it work at the same rate as coconut oil? Thanks!", "Hey is there any remidies to lighten dark fingers? I mean the part before my nails is dark and it is harassing me. Please reply. I want to have beautiful fingers. Thankyou", "Exfoliate your fingers every day. Mix a spoon of lemon juice with sugar and rub your fingers vigorously for about ten minutes. Do this every night before going to bed. The bleaching properties of lemon juice, together with the exfoliating properties of sugar would work wonders. Follow up with a moisturizer or hand cream.", "Actually I wanted to ask you that as I am a girl of 15,I play basketball which leads to tanning .I want to get rid of the tanned skin .my skin colour was really good before I want it back .please suggest me something.THANK YOU.", "Cucumber, Rose Water and Lemon Juice Pack: The acidic nature of lemon works as a natural bleach in removing tan. The cucumber juice and rose water act as cooling agents for soothing the troubled skin. Take a table spoon each of cucumber juice, lemon juice and rose water and mix them well in a small bowl. Apply with cotton on tanned areas, wait for 20 minutes and rinse off with cold water. Apply this remedy daly after you get back home from the sun.", "* Awesome May 29, 2016 At 8:01 pm\nWhat if you don’t have rose water, can you use regular water?", "I have used DermalMD Skin lighting Serum for a couple weeks and can I just say, it’s effective! Make sure you only apply on the skin as directed. I does a great job of lightening you skin exactly where you want it, in a short amount of time. Does exactly as it claims.", "Hey i am 20 year boy and my face and part of inner thigh are get too dark compare to my body so these remedi is help me out anyway or could i apply another remedi plz suggeste me I will waiting for ur answer", "how to get rid of dark circles and small pimples that occur on face beside nose an black heads forever in 2 weeks", "Hi, I’m a 14 years old girl and my knees and elbows are like 5x darker than the rest of my body and I want to whiten them before summer comes. Which is the fastest and the most effective way to whiten them? Thank you.", "Hi, what is the fastest method to whiten knees and elbows with home remedies? I want to get it white before summer comes. Thank you.", "I like to try these remedies on my eczema or psoriasis doctors said I’m allergic to leather its on my joint upper foot both legs", "Lime is very similar to lemon in nutrients and can be substituted all the time (unless you’re distinctly looking for lemon flavor). Like lemon, lime belongs to the citrus family and as such, is a valuable resource of citric acid. Lime will make a slightly different taste / flavor but will still be good.", "Hi.. I have this problem of dark knees elbows knuckles for very long time. from childhood.. now I’m 24 years old. I tried many before.. baking soda.. lemon.. nothing works... can you suggest any skin lightening cream which will be found effective ??", "(i) Crush 4 almonds to powder in a food processor. Don’t process them too long as they’ll turn into almond butter. Mix the almond powder with 1 1⁄2 cups of plain, unflavored, unsweetened yogurt, 2 table spoons of freshly squeezed lemon juice, 1 teaspoon of honey and a pinch of turmeric powder. Mix them well until blended completely.", "(ii) Apply a small amount of the skin-lightening cream every night before bed. Do not apply during the day. Lemon juice can react negatively to sun exposure. Also at night, skin under-goes a recovery cycle in which hormones are released that raise blood circulation and open pores. This process makes it easier for skin creams to penetrate and be absorbed.", "(iii) Almonds, lemon juice and turmeric are some of the most potent natural skin lightening ingredients. They can provide results equal to many chemical skin-lightening creams. When you mix these ingredients with the nourishing and moisturizing properties of yogurt and honey, the outcome is a grandly rich skin cream that not only will lighten skin color, but also will perk up the overall health and condition of your skin.", "Apply this natural remedy daily at night for a month. If don’t see positive results then I suggest you consult a good dermatologist.", "* Rey December 20, 2015 At 9:16 pm\nBut as I asked from my Dr., there is no remedy for dark sides from childhood ... how much efficient is this cure? Is it really going to work? If so, after howmany times do we see the result?", "If you have darkened skin from your childhood, it can not be lightened with home remedies to a great extent. But these remedies will keep the skin clean and lightened by a few shades even if the skin is drakened since childhood.", "* Poorva vermaPoorva verma June 2, 2017 At 7:23 pm\nCan i apply baking soda and milk remedy in morning and this homemade cream at night??", "Use sweet almond oil. You can find it in any drug store, pharmacy, food store or super market. It’s not dificult to find sweet almond oil.", "Hi! I just want to know how long will this take to whiten dark knees, elbows, and inner thighs? Will it take about 6 months??", "Hey....having loads of problems....as am only 18 I don’t know what’s good and bad for me ....can u plzz introduce me to the link where there are appropriate things for me.....if that could help....!sensitive skin....I need a total body care....plzzzz", "What kind of Milk are we going to use if I am going to use the baking soda and milk remedy? Thank you in advance!!!?", "Hello, I am a girl of 14(today’s Date-16/2/2016). I have a lot of pimples on my face and freckles too. I have to been to a skin specialist for the pimples purpose.Most of pimples had gone away but now they are back on my face.Thy also create many black spots.Some pimples remain on the skin for a long time as if they r dead..Don’t know...Now I want to try some home remedies...I apply lemon and honey sometimes..I dont know what to do...Can u suggest me something?", "Retinoids are a powerful form of vitamin A proven to speed up cell turnover – which you need to get rid of dark spots. It helps your complexion looks smoother and diminishes the appearance of fine lines. The most potent form I use is in the Lady Soma Renewal Serum – I buy it online. Anything stronger, you will need a prescription from your dermotologist – but anything stronger will make your skin flake. The Lady Soma Renewal Serum does not make my skin flake, and in about 3- weeks, I have way less dark spots.", "Is baking soda and milk are really fast ro wighten knees and elbows? Plss reply i really need a reply cause i’ve NEVER WEAR SHORTS OR SKIRTS IN MY ENTIRE LIFE AND I’m JEALOUS OF MY FRIENDS BEACAUSE THEY KAN WEAR SKIRTS AND DRESSES PLSSS REEEPLYYY", "Is baking soda and milk are really fast ro wighten knees and elbows? Plss reply i really need a reply cause i’ve NEVER WEAR SHORTS OR SKIRTS IN MY ENTIRE LIFE AND I’m JEALOUS OF MY FRIENDS BEACAUSE THEY KAN WEAR SKIRTS AND DRESSES PLSSS REEEPLYYY", "Apply these remedies (including Baking Soda & Milk) to lighten your knees and elbows. Soon you will se positive results. Then you can wear shorts / skirts with confidence.", "Yes, they will. Apply these remedies to lighten dark knees and elbows and soon you will be wearing your dream shorts and skirts.", "I have had dark knees, elbows, knuckles, toes, and the heel since childhood. Never worn dresses, sandals, skirts or shorts since I was a child. This summer i really want to change that. Which one of these remedies will show improvement in less than a month or if you could suggest me something else.? If you could please reply as soon as you can. Please!!!!!!!..", "You can use pure-sweet almond oil to lighten your dark elbows, knees and ankles. Mix almond oil with sugar or salt to make a paste with medium consistency. Using your fingers, gently rub the mixture over the knees, elbows and ankles. Wash off with warm water.", "Hi there. I just wanted to ask, what if I dont have an olive oil can I use coconut oil instead to mix with the sugar???", "Rub it gently into your elbows and knees for few minutes, leaving it on for about 15 minutes – and then rinse it off.", "* Nasim April 17, 2017 At 11:17 pm\nHow long will this method take just using the lemon technique? And also can I use any moisturiser?", "* Chandni April 18, 2017 At 12:20 pm\nYes, you can use moisturizer after applying these remedies. Here are some natural and homemade moisturizer recipes:", "* Chandni February 22, 2017 At 8:28 am\nYes, it can be used on all skin types. If possible try to use pure aloe vera gel extracted at home. Remember that it oxidises quickly and should be stored in an airtight container in refrigerator immediately. Alternatively you can use aloe vera gel available in the market. But make sure you buy one, which is chemical free pure organic aloe vera gels because many popular brands have harmful preservatives, colors and additives.", "Does the lemon only method work in 2 weeks or longer?? Also is the cucumber and lemon method work faster than the lemon method alone? If so how long will it take?? I need to get rid of them quickly!!!", "* Chandni April 18, 2017 At 7:37 am\nHome remedies are harmless, do not cost you much. But, they take a little longer time. It will depend on the extent of darkness. So, apply the chosen remedy regularly with patience. You can apply lemon juice alone twice a day to get faster results.", "Can i use baking soda and milk remedy in morning and homemade natural skin lightening cream (which u told in an comment above) at night??? please let me know.... And also my elbows are not dark from my childhood, they are dark may be from 5 to 6 years Please please please It’s a request Please let me know And thank u in advance ???" ] }, "parsed_md": "How Do You Get Rid Of Dark Elbows And Knees Naturally Fast\n\n * Home\n * Skin Care\n * Hair Care\n * Body Care\n * Beauty\n * Beauty Product Reviews\n * Makeup\n * Healthy Living\n\nNatural Beauty Tips World's # 1 Skin & Hair Care Resource\n\n * Home\n * Skin Care\n * Hair Care\n * Body Care\n * Beauty\n * Beauty Product Reviews\n * Makeup\n * Healthy Living\n\nHome Body Care How Do You Get Rid Of Dark Elbows And Knees\n\n * Body Care\n\n# How Do You Get Rid Of Dark Elbows And Knees\n\n## Get Rid Of Dark Elbows And Knees Naturally Fast\n\nAre you ashamed of having dark elbows and knees? And alas, are you unable to\nwear sleeve-less tops or shorts or skirts because of your dark elbows and\nknees. And you have been trying to scrub off the “dirt” and dark spots with\nsoap, but to no avail!\n\nGetting Rid Of Dark Elbows and Knees Naturally\n\nRough, darkened knees and elbow are a common problem. They become dark because\nof dead skin cells. Elbow skin is naturally thicker and more prone to moisture\nloss than other skin. On top of it, the wear and tear of leaning over them can\nfurther roughen the skin and make it coarse.\n\nDon’t neglect your dark elbows and knees during body care and moisturizing\nregimens. In this article you will find methods about how to get rid of dark\nelbows and knees. To get rid of dark elbows and knees you don’t need to rush\noff to an expensive salon. Good news is that you can lighten your dark elbows\nand knees with natural home remedies for dark elbows that bleach or exfoliate\ndark elbows and knees. A word of caution is not to use any ingredient, if you\nare allergic to it.\n\nFollow these home remedies for getting rid of dark elbows and knees naturally.\n\n1\\. Lemon: It is an antioxidant. In addition it has bleaching and exfoliating\nproperties, and so can be used to get rid of dark skin / dead cells on various\nparts of your body, including dark elbows and knees. It also clears the way\nfor the healthy cells reproduction.\n\nCut a large lemon into two equal halves. Squeeze out a little juice from both\nhalves, so as that you have two small cups. Scrub each lemon half onto your\nelbows and knees for 10 to 15 minutes. Rub away the pulp. Keep the cleansed\nareas away from sunlight by staying indoor or covering them with some loose\nclothing. However, do not put water on the cleansed areas. Moisturize the\nareas with pure petroleum jelly or vaseline. Your elbows or knees will feel\nsmoother and softer. Repeat this process every day for a couple of weeks to\nsee significant improvement. Continue with this treatment till your elbows and\nknees are lightened, and thereafter as and when needed.\n\n2\\. Fresh Lemon Juice, Olive Oil and Salt: Mix 2 tbsp. of fresh lemon juice\nwith 1tbsp of olive oil and 1/2 cup of sea or table salt in a small glass\nbowl. Mix the ingredients well. The lemon juice acts as acidic to eliminate\ndead skin cells, uncovering lighter skin from underneath plus it also work as\na mild natural bleaching agent. The grainy property of the salt makes it work\nas a gentle exfoliant to remove dead skin cells. In addition the olive oil\nworks as a moisturizer. Rub this mixed paste onto your dark elbows and knees\nevery day for 10 to 15 minutes to see significant difference in few weeks’\ntime.\n\nCaution: If the lemon stings your elbow or affected dark area unbearably, your\nskin might be super dry. If such is the case with you, you need to moisturize\nit with petroleum jelly or vaseline a night before you use the lemon.\n\n3\\. Baking Soda mixed with Milk: Mixed these two ingredients well to make a\nthick paste. Apply this paste onto your elbows and knees and rub it in\ncircular motions. Repeat this treatment every day or every alternate day, till\nyour dark knees and elbows are lightened.\n\nCaution: If the affected area on your elbows and knees is bruised or cracked,\navoid using lemon or salt ingredients thereon.\n\n4\\. Coconut Oil and Lemon Juice: Mix one tsp. of coconut oil with 1/2 tsp. of\nlemon juice in a small glass bowl. Rub this natural whitening solution onto\nyour dark elbows and knees and leave it there for 15 to 20 minutes. Wipe off\nany excess lotion using paper towels. Coconut oil is not only very soothing,\nbut it works as a hydrating agent and natural bleacher.\n\n5\\. Olive Oil and Sugar: Mix one tbsp. of olive oil with one tsp. of sugar to\nform a scrubbing paste. Before taking bath rub this scrubbing paste on to your\ndark elbows and knees for few minutes.\n\nOther Natural Beauty Tips:\n\n(i) If none of the above home remedies for getting rid of dark knees or elbows\nwork then we suggest you try a skin bleaching lotion.\n\n(ii) After using any ingredient to exfoliate or scrub your dark elbows or\nknees, remember to moisturize the area with coconut oil or any other\nmoisturizer or even petroleum jelly or vaseline to prevent re-occurrence of\ndarkening of the affected areas.\n\nApply above methods to get rid of dark elbows and knees daily and\nconsistently. Be patient and you will see the difference in few weeks’ time.\n\nRelated Useful Article:\n\nHow To Lighten Skin\n\nHow To Lighten Dark Lips\n\nHow To Lighten Dark Lips Naturally\n\nHow To Get Rid Of Dark Circles\n\nPedicure at home tips.\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nWhatsApp\n\nPrevious articleHow To Keep Your Skin Healthy\n\nNext articleHow to Have Perfect Hair Naturally\n\nRB\n\n#### 97 COMMENTS\n\n 1. swimming pool designs August 20, 2014 At 10:56 am\n\nI have read several excellent stuff here. Definitely value bookmarking for\nrevisiting.\n\nI surprise how much effort you set to make this type of wonderful informative\nwebsite.\n\nReply\n\n 2. mayuri October 19, 2014 At 8:23 pm\n\nThank you....\n\nReply\n\n 3. kholofelo November 24, 2014 At 2:26 pm\n\nHi,can u pls help me where can i found coconut oil around Germiston\n\nReply\n\n 4. Chandni November 24, 2014 At 3:32 pm\n\n@Kholofelo:\n\nTry to search it online in google.\n\nReply\n\n * Daniella June 18, 2016 At 12:51 am\n\nIt’s Google not “Googles” Lol\n\nReply\n\n 5. melai December 9, 2014 At 7:50 pm\n\nyah, hey i just wanna ask if those steps will do it every day? like i mean the\n“lime” using, will i stick with that remedy or i need to change like every\nweek i will change other remedy? pls reply cause i’m having trouble with those\nremedies.\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni December 9, 2014 At 11:49 pm\n\n@Melai:\n\nYou can try a remedy every day or alternate day. Apply it for a couple of\nweeks, and if you don’t see any improvement try the other remedies & so on.\nAlso it’s a good idea to apply these remedies in rotation. Lightening your\ndark elbows and knees require patience.\n\nReply\n\n * Rishita March 30, 2015 At 6:13 pm\n\nI have the same query\n\nReply\n\n 6. How to Get Rid of Dark Elbows: 8 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow January 20, 2015 At 12:19 am\n\n[...] https://naturalbeautytips.co/how-do-you-get-rid-of-dark-elbows-and-\nknees/ [...]\n\nReply\n\n 7. Michelle Himes February 24, 2015 At 6:27 pm\n\nI’ve been using eyerid serum for a little over a week, only one time a day\nrather than two and my skin is glowing! The hyperpigmentation seems to be\nlightening but my skin is literally glowing. I am confident enough after\ntrying this to buy the whole line!\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni February 26, 2015 At 8:37 am\n\n@Michelle:\n\nThanks for sharing your experience..........\n\nReply\n\n * megha July 8, 2016 At 2:37 pm\n\nMadam my face hands and legs are fully dark can I use olive oil and sugar for\nskin lightening does it will work with in 1 week ..\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni July 8, 2016 At 10:05 pm\n\nYes, you can use olive oil and sugar to exfoliate, which would also help to\nlighten your skin. Take a hot wet cloth to wipe and dampen your face, hands\nand legs. Scrub gently your skin with a thick mixture of granulated sugar and\nextra virgin olive oil for some time. Rinse off the mixture with lukewarm\nwater. Take another damp cloth and wipe gently your skin until all the oil is\noff. Do this every alternate day. This will certainly lighten your skin and\nprovide a natural glow. Follow this regimen regularly, and you will see\nimprovement in two weeks time.\n\nReply\n\n * Keem August 7, 2016 At 11:16 am\n\nHow about sunflower oil? I don’k know anything about its properties but we\nhave lots of stored sunflower oil. Can I use it as a substitute for coconut\noil? If yes, will it work at the same rate as coconut oil? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni August 7, 2016 At 11:50 am\n\n@ Keem:\n\nI don’t recommend sunflower oil for beauty benefits.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Falcon March 14, 2015 At 11:50 pm\n\nHey is there any remidies to lighten dark fingers? I mean the part before my\nnails is dark and it is harassing me. Please reply. I want to have beautiful\nfingers. Thankyou\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni March 15, 2015 At 8:18 am\n\n@ Falcon:\n\nExfoliate your fingers every day. Mix a spoon of lemon juice with sugar and\nrub your fingers vigorously for about ten minutes. Do this every night before\ngoing to bed. The bleaching properties of lemon juice, together with the\nexfoliating properties of sugar would work wonders. Follow up with a\nmoisturizer or hand cream.\n\nYou can also apply the above remedies given in this article,\n\nReply\n\n 9. Rishita March 30, 2015 At 6:15 pm\n\nTHANKS FOR SUCH LOVELY TIPS..........\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni March 30, 2015 At 8:41 pm\n\n@Rishita:\n\nThanks for appreciation........\n\nReply\n\n 10. durva April 15, 2015 At 4:15 pm\n\nActually I wanted to ask you that as I am a girl of 15,I play basketball which\nleads to tanning .I want to get rid of the tanned skin .my skin colour was\nreally good before I want it back .please suggest me something.THANK YOU.\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni April 17, 2015 At 1:57 pm\n\n@durva:\n\nUse this remedy to get rid of the sun-tan:\n\nCucumber, Rose Water and Lemon Juice Pack: The acidic nature of lemon works as\na natural bleach in removing tan. The cucumber juice and rose water act as\ncooling agents for soothing the troubled skin. Take a table spoon each of\ncucumber juice, lemon juice and rose water and mix them well in a small bowl.\nApply with cotton on tanned areas, wait for 20 minutes and rinse off with cold\nwater. Apply this remedy daly after you get back home from the sun.\n\nReply\n\n * Awesome May 29, 2016 At 8:01 pm\n\nWhat if you don’t have rose water, can you use regular water?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni May 30, 2016 At 8:18 am\n\n@ Awesome:\n\nYes, you can..\n\nReply\n\n 11. Alisha Bethel April 27, 2015 At 11:43 pm\n\nI have used DermalMD Skin lighting Serum for a couple weeks and can I just\nsay, it’s effective! Make sure you only apply on the skin as directed. I does\na great job of lightening you skin exactly where you want it, in a short\namount of time. Does exactly as it claims.\n\nReply\n\n * julie June 10, 2016 At 2:23 am\n\nAre there no side effects? Where can i get it Pretoria?\n\nReply\n\n 12. Chandni April 28, 2015 At 9:04 pm\n\n@alisha:\n\nThanks for sharing your beauty tip..........\n\nReply\n\n 13. harsh May 9, 2015 At 5:05 pm\n\nHey i am 20 year boy and my face and part of inner thigh are get too dark\ncompare to my body so these remedi is help me out anyway or could i apply\nanother remedi plz suggeste me I will waiting for ur answer\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni May 9, 2015 At 5:23 pm\n\n@harsh:\n\n(i) To lighten your facial skin, use these remedies:\nhttps://naturalbeautytips.co/how-to-lighten-skin/\n\n(ii) To lighten inner side of your dark thighs, apply these remedies:\nhttps://naturalbeautytips.co/how-do-you-get-rid-of-dark-elbows-and-knees/\n\nReply\n\n 14. fatima May 10, 2015 At 2:01 am\n\nhow to get rid of dark circles and small pimples that occur on face beside\nnose an black heads forever in 2 weeks\n\nReply\n\n 15. Chandni May 10, 2015 At 1:46 pm\n\n@fatima:\n\n1\\. To get rid of dark circles, follow these remedies:\n\n(i) https://naturalbeautytips.co/how-to-get-rid-of-dark-circles/\n\n(ii) https://naturalbeautytips.co/how-to-get-rid-of-dark-circles-under-the-\neyes/\n\n2\\. To get rid of pimples: http://acnetreatmentshq.com/get-rid-pimples-fast/\n\n3\\. To get rid of blackheads: https://naturalbeautytips.co/how-to-get-rid-of-\nblackheads/\n\nReply\n\n 16. blessy May 25, 2015 At 4:21 pm\n\nis this a nice remedy fr dark knees i mean r u sure?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni May 25, 2015 At 6:09 pm\n\n@blessy:\n\nThese are the best natural remedies. Many people have benefitted from these\nremedies.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Yana May 28, 2015 At 3:04 am\n\nHi, I’m a 14 years old girl and my knees and elbows are like 5x darker than\nthe rest of my body and I want to whiten them before summer comes. Which is\nthe fastest and the most effective way to whiten them? Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni May 28, 2015 At 11:04 am\n\n@Yana:\n\nAll of the above remedies are very effective. You can use remedy number 2 & 3\ndaily.........\n\nReply\n\n 18. Yanna May 28, 2015 At 10:23 am\n\nHi, what is the fastest method to whiten knees and elbows with home remedies?\nI want to get it white before summer comes. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni July 11, 2015 At 5:35 pm\n\n@ Yanna:\n\nUse the lemon or baking soda remedies to get fast results.\n\nReply\n\n 19. vesh July 11, 2015 At 2:03 pm\n\nI like to try these remedies on my eczema or psoriasis doctors said I’m\nallergic to leather its on my joint upper foot both legs\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni July 11, 2015 At 5:38 pm\n\n@ medically vesh:\n\nMy suggestion is to get first your eczema / psoriasis treated medically. Then\nyou use these remedies.\n\nReply\n\n 20. shawnda July 14, 2015 At 12:12 pm\n\nDoes These remedies work for acne n dark marks as well?\n\nReply\n\n 21. Chandni July 14, 2015 At 2:20 pm\n\n@ shawnda:\n\n(i) For your acne problem, find the best remedies to treat acne on this site:\nhttp://acnetreatmentshq.com/\n\n(ii) If the marks are because of acne, here are the best natural remedies for\nacne scars: http://acnetreatmentshq.com/how-to-get-rid-of-acne-scars-fast/\n\nReply\n\n 22. judyxtiane August 15, 2015 At 7:00 am\n\nI’d like to know, does lime work as lemon does?\n\nReply\n\n 23. Chandni August 15, 2015 At 10:19 am\n\n@judyxtiane:\n\nLime is very similar to lemon in nutrients and can be substituted all the time\n(unless you’re distinctly looking for lemon flavor). Like lemon, lime belongs\nto the citrus family and as such, is a valuable resource of citric acid. Lime\nwill make a slightly different taste / flavor but will still be good.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Phoebe August 15, 2015 At 9:00 pm\n\nWhat kind of milk should be use to mix with baking soda? Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni August 15, 2015 At 9:04 pm\n\n@ Phoebe:\n\nYou can use whole fat or normal milk.........\n\nReply\n\n 25. abi August 17, 2015 At 10:42 pm\n\nHi.. I have this problem of dark knees elbows knuckles for very long time.\nfrom childhood.. now I’m 24 years old. I tried many before.. baking soda..\nlemon.. nothing works... can you suggest any skin lightening cream which will\nbe found effective ??\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni August 18, 2015 At 7:45 am\n\n@ abi:\n\nAlthough you problem is very acute, but you may try this homemade natural skin\nlighening cream:\n\n(i) Crush 4 almonds to powder in a food processor. Don’t process them too long\nas they’ll turn into almond butter. Mix the almond powder with 1 1⁄2 cups of\nplain, unflavored, unsweetened yogurt, 2 table spoons of freshly squeezed\nlemon juice, 1 teaspoon of honey and a pinch of turmeric powder. Mix them well\nuntil blended completely.\n\n(ii) Apply a small amount of the skin-lightening cream every night before bed.\nDo not apply during the day. Lemon juice can react negatively to sun exposure.\nAlso at night, skin under-goes a recovery cycle in which hormones are released\nthat raise blood circulation and open pores. This process makes it easier for\nskin creams to penetrate and be absorbed.\n\n(iii) Almonds, lemon juice and turmeric are some of the most potent natural\nskin lightening ingredients. They can provide results equal to many chemical\nskin-lightening creams. When you mix these ingredients with the nourishing and\nmoisturizing properties of yogurt and honey, the outcome is a grandly rich\nskin cream that not only will lighten skin color, but also will perk up the\noverall health and condition of your skin.\n\nApply this natural remedy daily at night for a month. If don’t see positive\nresults then I suggest you consult a good dermatologist.\n\nReply\n\n * abi August 19, 2015 At 7:02 pm\n\nI will try that..Thank you so much ..\n\nReply\n\n * Rey December 20, 2015 At 9:16 pm\n\nBut as I asked from my Dr., there is no remedy for dark sides from childhood\n... how much efficient is this cure? Is it really going to work? If so, after\nhowmany times do we see the result?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni December 21, 2015 At 11:42 am\n\nRey:\n\nIf you have darkened skin from your childhood, it can not be lightened with\nhome remedies to a great extent. But these remedies will keep the skin clean\nand lightened by a few shades even if the skin is drakened since childhood.\n\nReply\n\n * Poorva vermaPoorva verma June 2, 2017 At 7:23 pm\n\nCan i apply baking soda and milk remedy in morning and this homemade cream at\nnight??\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni June 2, 2017 At 8:19 pm\n\nYes, you can.\n\nReply\n\n 26. Baby face September 3, 2015 At 10:28 pm\n\nIt really a great job for providing dix wonderful remedies,but pls where can i\nfind almond oil.\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni September 4, 2015 At 8:41 am\n\n@ Baby face:\n\nThank you so much for appreciation.\n\nUse sweet almond oil. You can find it in any drug store, pharmacy, food store\nor super market. It’s not dificult to find sweet almond oil.\n\nReply\n\n 27. Jess October 3, 2015 At 4:54 am\n\nHi! I just want to know how long will this take to whiten dark knees, elbows,\nand inner thighs? Will it take about 6 months??\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni October 4, 2015 At 7:39 am\n\n@ Jess:\n\nIt depends upon the root cause and intensinity. 6 months are enough to give\nyou positive results..........\n\nReply\n\n 28. humhaze October 20, 2015 At 7:47 pm\n\nHey....having loads of problems....as am only 18 I don’t know what’s good and\nbad for me ....can u plzz introduce me to the link where there are appropriate\nthings for me.....if that could help....!sensitive skin....I need a total body\ncare....plzzzz\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni October 20, 2015 At 9:12 pm\n\n@humhaze:\n\nHere are the best beauty tips for sensitive skin:\nhttps://naturalbeautytips.co/how-to-treat-sensitive-skin/\n\nReply\n\n 29. GET RID OF DARK ELBOWS AND KNEES | Eat and Exercise November 17, 2015 At 2:55 pm\n\n[...] GET RID OF DARK ELBOWS AND KNEES [...]\n\nReply\n\n 30. Jan December 21, 2015 At 11:26 am\n\nWhat kind of Milk are we going to use if I am going to use the baking soda and\nmilk remedy? Thank you in advance!!!?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni December 22, 2015 At 2:47 pm\n\n@ Jan:\n\nYou can use the normal milk such as full fat or less fat milk, as per your\nchoice......\n\nReply\n\n 31. Lady d January 25, 2016 At 3:24 am\n\nHey Chandni, thanks for this post. Will try them and share my experience\nlater.\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni January 25, 2016 At 1:17 pm\n\nHello Lady d:\n\nThank you so much for visiting my site. Please do share your experience after\nusing the above remedies.\n\nReply\n\n 32. Jenny January 30, 2016 At 6:07 am\n\nWill try these remedies...liked the way it had been explained.hope it works.\n\nReply\n\n 33. Anonymous Girl February 16, 2016 At 6:38 pm\n\nHello, I am a girl of 14(today’s Date-16/2/2016). I have a lot of pimples on\nmy face and freckles too. I have to been to a skin specialist for the pimples\npurpose.Most of pimples had gone away but now they are back on my face.Thy\nalso create many black spots.Some pimples remain on the skin for a long time\nas if they r dead..Don’t know...Now I want to try some home remedies...I apply\nlemon and honey sometimes..I dont know what to do...Can u suggest me\nsomething?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni February 16, 2016 At 7:06 pm\n\nHi,\n\nFor treating pimples, here are best home remedies:\nhttp://acnetreatmentshq.com/get-rid-pimples-fast/\n\nAnd to get rid of piples spots, use these remedies:\nhttp://acnetreatmentshq.com/how-to-get-rid-of-acne-scars-fast/\n\nReply\n\n 34. Sarah April 7, 2016 At 11:57 am\n\nCan we use bio oil or coconut oil instead of olive oil\n\nReply\n\n 35. Riya Reddy April 20, 2016 At 8:53 am\n\nCan we get fairer skin in 2days???\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni April 20, 2016 At 1:04 pm\n\n@ Riya:\n\nThere is no such magic..\n\nReply\n\n 36. pillar April 30, 2016 At 1:21 am\n\nRetinoids are a powerful form of vitamin A proven to speed up cell turnover –\nwhich you need to get rid of dark spots. It helps your complexion looks\nsmoother and diminishes the appearance of fine lines. The most potent form I\nuse is in the Lady Soma Renewal Serum – I buy it online. Anything stronger,\nyou will need a prescription from your dermotologist – but anything stronger\nwill make your skin flake. The Lady Soma Renewal Serum does not make my skin\nflake, and in about 3- weeks, I have way less dark spots.\n\nReply\n\n 37. Zia June 14, 2016 At 4:33 pm\n\nIs baking soda and milk are really fast ro wighten knees and elbows? Plss\nreply i really need a reply cause i’ve NEVER WEAR SHORTS OR SKIRTS IN MY\nENTIRE LIFE AND I’m JEALOUS OF MY FRIENDS BEACAUSE THEY KAN WEAR SKIRTS AND\nDRESSES PLSSS REEEPLYYY\n\nReply\n\n 38. Zia June 14, 2016 At 4:33 pm\n\nIs baking soda and milk are really fast ro wighten knees and elbows? Plss\nreply i really need a reply cause i’ve NEVER WEAR SHORTS OR SKIRTS IN MY\nENTIRE LIFE AND I’m JEALOUS OF MY FRIENDS BEACAUSE THEY KAN WEAR SKIRTS AND\nDRESSES PLSSS REEEPLYYY\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni June 14, 2016 At 8:43 pm\n\n@ Zia:\n\nApply these remedies (including Baking Soda & Milk) to lighten your knees and\nelbows. Soon you will se positive results. Then you can wear shorts / skirts\nwith confidence.\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni June 15, 2016 At 5:18 am\n\n@ Zia:\n\nYes, they will. Apply these remedies to lighten dark knees and elbows and soon\nyou will be wearing your dream shorts and skirts.\n\nReply\n\n 39. ANONYMOUSB June 30, 2016 At 4:45 am\n\nI have had dark knees, elbows, knuckles, toes, and the heel since childhood.\nNever worn dresses, sandals, skirts or shorts since I was a child. This summer\ni really want to change that. Which one of these remedies will show\nimprovement in less than a month or if you could suggest me something else.?\nIf you could please reply as soon as you can. Please!!!!!!!..\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni July 2, 2016 At 8:24 pm\n\n@ Anonymousb:\n\nThere are no magics. You have to apply these remedies consistently with\npatience.\n\nReply\n\n 40. Aarti patel July 15, 2016 At 7:18 am\n\nI heard the almond oil helps to treat dark elbows knees and ankles is that\ntrue....\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni July 15, 2016 At 9:31 pm\n\n@ Aarti:\n\nYou can use pure-sweet almond oil to lighten your dark elbows, knees and\nankles. Mix almond oil with sugar or salt to make a paste with medium\nconsistency. Using your fingers, gently rub the mixture over the knees, elbows\nand ankles. Wash off with warm water.\n\nReply\n\n 41. Kristel August 25, 2016 At 8:55 am\n\nI have a question,how to whiten the back of the knees cause of sweating ang\nscratching?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni August 27, 2016 At 8:58 am\n\n@ Kristel:\n\nTry the above given remedies..\n\nReply\n\n 42. Angelica Matsumoto September 25, 2016 At 10:10 pm\n\nHi there. I just wanted to ask, what if I dont have an olive oil can I use\ncoconut oil instead to mix with the sugar???\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni September 26, 2016 At 11:43 am\n\n@ Angelica:\n\nYes, you can. Use pure organic coconut oil.\n\nReply\n\n 43. tanisha November 17, 2016 At 1:47 am\n\ncan i use baking powder in place of baking soda..are they same..?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni November 17, 2016 At 5:44 am\n\n@ Tanisha:\n\nNo, please. They are not same...\n\nReply\n\n 44. Noname December 5, 2016 At 2:24 am\n\nHow long should I keep the paste for the milk and baking powder on for?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni December 5, 2016 At 3:00 pm\n\n@ Noname:\n\nRub it gently into your elbows and knees for few minutes, leaving it on for\nabout 15 minutes – and then rinse it off.\n\nReply\n\n 45. Hinal December 26, 2016 At 3:03 am\n\nHiii Can I use bio oil or olive for lightening my dark knees ? Which one is\nmore affective?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni December 26, 2016 At 9:50 am\n\n@ Hinal:\n\nI suggest first you try the remedies given in the article...\n\nReply\n\n 46. kerla January 25, 2017 At 4:24 pm\n\nCan I rub with lemon then moisturize with only Olive oil?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni January 25, 2017 At 5:01 pm\n\n@ Kerla:\n\nYes, you can.\n\nReply\n\n * Nasim April 17, 2017 At 11:17 pm\n\nHow long will this method take just using the lemon technique? And also can I\nuse any moisturiser?\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni April 18, 2017 At 12:20 pm\n\nYes, you can use moisturizer after applying these remedies. Here are some\nnatural and homemade moisturizer recipes:\n\n(i) https://naturalbeautytips.co/super-easy-homemade-moisturizer/\n\n(ii) https://naturalbeautytips.co/best-all-natural-face-and-skin-moisturizers/\n\nReply\n\n 47. Jayasundara February 22, 2017 At 7:56 am\n\nIs aloe vera good for dry skins??\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni February 22, 2017 At 8:28 am\n\nYes, it can be used on all skin types. If possible try to use pure aloe vera\ngel extracted at home. Remember that it oxidises quickly and should be stored\nin an airtight container in refrigerator immediately. Alternatively you can\nuse aloe vera gel available in the market. But make sure you buy one, which is\nchemical free pure organic aloe vera gels because many popular brands have\nharmful preservatives, colors and additives.\n\nReply\n\n 48. Nasim April 17, 2017 At 11:15 pm\n\nDoes the lemon only method work in 2 weeks or longer?? Also is the cucumber\nand lemon method work faster than the lemon method alone? If so how long will\nit take?? I need to get rid of them quickly!!!\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni April 18, 2017 At 7:37 am\n\nHome remedies are harmless, do not cost you much. But, they take a little\nlonger time. It will depend on the extent of darkness. So, apply the chosen\nremedy regularly with patience. You can apply lemon juice alone twice a day to\nget faster results.\n\nReply\n\n 49. Poorva June 2, 2017 At 7:37 pm\n\nCan i use baking soda and milk remedy in morning and homemade natural skin\nlightening cream (which u told in an comment above) at night??? please let me\nknow.... And also my elbows are not dark from my childhood, they are dark may\nbe from 5 to 6 years Please please please It’s a request Please let me know\nAnd thank u in advance ???\n\nReply\n\n * Chandni June 2, 2017 At 8:22 pm\n\nYes, you can.\n\nReply\n\n### LEAVE A REPLY Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### Get The Latest Natural Beauty Tips Direct to Your Inbox\n\n#### SEARCH ME – LOOKING FOR SOMETHING?\n\n#### Pages\n\n * About us\n * Best Anti Wrinkle Cream\n * Best Face Wash For Dry Skin\n * Best Moisturizer For Dry Skin\n * Contact\n * Disclaimer\n * Launching Natural Beauty Tips\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© Exclusive Copyright With Renu Bakshi\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/exfoliation", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190701060834/https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/exfoliation", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to safely exfoliate at home", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "How to safely exfoliate at home | American Academy of Dermatology\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.homeremedyhacks.com/32-effective-ways-get-rid-dark-elbows-knees-home/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509042532/https://www.homeremedyhacks.com/32-effective-ways-get-rid-dark-elbows-knees-home/", "parsed_text": { "title": "32 Effective Ways to Get Rid of Dark Elbows and Knees at Home", "passages": [ "Everyone desires for a soft, smooth, and even skin tone but, it is not something that can be achieved easily. Like dark inner thighs or dark neck, knees and elbows are more prone to becoming dark. It is caused due to the friction or pressure and lost moisture which makes the skin area harder and darker. Among all the beauty related issues, it comes as one of the most common problems. Well, you don’t need to waste your time and money in lavish saloons to get rid of your dark elbows and knees fast. They can easily be treated using some of the simple home remedies. By using these, you will be able to roam around wearing your favorite sleeveless shirt or the mini skirt you have avoided to flaunt lately.", "Lemon is a strong anti-oxidant, bleaching agent and helps regenerate of new skin cells (1). To lighten dark elbow and knees take lemon cut it in two halves and rub it on elbows and knees while squeezing. After applying, leave it for about 20 minutes and wash it with warm water.", "Alternatively, you can apply a mixture of 1 teaspoon of lemon juice mixed with 1 teaspoon of honey, and wash it with water after 20 minutes.", "You can also try lemon and gram flour paste. Mix both of these ingredients until they form a paste-like consistency, and rub it on the skin. Let the paste dry and wash it with water.", "Coconut oil is well known for its positive effects on the skin. Rich in vitamin E, coconut oil gives you with an even skin tone (2). It not only helps lighten the darker area of skin but also repairs the damaged and burned skin. After taking a bath, massage elbows and knees with coconut oil for about 2-3 minutes. Repeat the procedure several times a day.", "You can also mix one teaspoon of coconut oil and half a teaspoon of lemon juice and apply it for 20 minutes every day.", "Another way to use coconut oil is by adding the walnut powder in the coconut oil, and applying it on the dark patches 3-4 times a week.", "Yogurt is a great skin lightening agent. It cleanses and moisturizes the skin and helps lighten the skin color as well (3). To use this remedy, mix one teaspoon of white vinegar and yogurt each, and apply it on the dark area. After it dries, wash it with lukewarm water, and apply a moisturizer on it.", "You can also apply a paste of gram flour and yogurt for 20 minutes every day. To prepare the paste, mix 2 teaspoons of gram flour and 1 teaspoon of yogurt together, and remove it by massaging with wet fingers. Repeat the process thrice a week.", "Another way to use yogurt is to mix it with almond oil. Together, they will even the skin tone and moisturize it as well.", "Or, grind 8-10 almonds to get a coarse texture. Add 2 tbsp of yogurt to make a paste. Wet your fingertips and apply this paste to your elbows and knees. Rub in a circular motion gently. Leave it to dry for 15-20 minutes. Rinse it off using water. Do it once or twice a week to get an even skin tone.", "A scrub made of sugar can easily help you lighten the skin tone. It exfoliates the skin and soften the skin area of knees and elbows (4). To prepare this scrub at home, you only need two ingredients that are sugar and olive oil. Mix them in equal amounts to make a thick paste and using a small quantity of this mixture, gently massage your skin. After massaging for 5 minutes, wash it off with mild soap and water. Do it once daily and repeat as needed.", "Apart from that, It can also be used with lemon. Mix both of them in equal parts and rub it on the skin. Wash it with the help of a mild soap and water. Use it once or twice a week.", "Baking soda is a boon for several skin conditions like acne and dark knees and elbows. Being rich in cleansing properties, it also helps treat the hyperpigmentation that is usually seen around the elbows and knees (5). Prepare a paste by adding baking soda and milk in equal quantities, and rub it on the affected areas for 2-3 minutes. Use lukewarm water to wash it off. Pat it dry properly. Do it every day to get the noticeable results. You will be astonished to see the miraculous effect of this remedy on your skin.", "This is another wonderful home remedy that you should try. This combination can never go wrong as turmeric is a good antiseptic, milk is a natural bleaching agent, and honey is a moisturizer (6) (7). Mix all of these together, and apply it on the darker area. After leaving for twenty minutes, wet your fingers and gently rub for 2-3 minutes. Use this paste on a regular basis.", "Or, mix turmeric powder and milk cream together to form a paste. Massage for 2-3 minutes, and leave it to dry for 20 minutes. Scrub the skin gently while washing off the paste. Repeat it on a regular basis.", "One of the reasons of a dark elbow and knees is dry skin which can be easily treated with the help of these amazing moisturizers. Cocoa and Shea butter are natural fats, which keep the skin soft and healthy (8) (9). Apply them before going to bed every night.", "Citrus properties in some fruits make them a good natural bleaching agent. Juices of fruits like lemon, orange, strawberries, and tomato can be applied to the darker area every day to lighten them. You can also drink juices of these fruits to have a speedy effect.", "Considered as one of the oldest methods to treat the skin darkening, milk is another good remedy to cleanse the skin (10). Though it is a slow process, its lactic acid properties clear away the pigmentation and dead skin cells. Dip a cotton ball in milk and apply it on the elbow and knees regularly.", "Potatoes are used by the majority of people to lighten dark hands and feet because of their strong bleaching effects. Cook a potato and mash it. Mix it with yogurt, and apply the prepared paste on elbows and knees. Wash them with the help of water after 20 minutes. Repeat the process every day.", "These three ingredients can be the key to your flawless even tone skin. While buttermilk has skin exfoliating, bleaching, and skin lightening effects. Almonds and oatmeal help deter the dead skin cells (11). To make the paste, first grind oatmeal and almonds together, and then mix it in buttermilk. Massage it on knees and elbow and leave it for 20 minutes. Repeat the process 2-3 times a week.", "In a bowl, mix 2 heaps of chickpea flour, 1 tablespoon turmeric powder, 2 tablespoon milk, and 1 teaspoon lemon juice. Apply this paste and then wash it after 20 minutes. Apply rose water on the washed area and repeat the process twice a week.", "Everybody knows the health benefits that onion and garlic provide us with. But, they can be used to minimize the darkening of elbows and knees. This remedy includes many ingredients which together will help to rejuvenate and clean the skin. Take one onion and one clove of garlic and chop them. Apply them on knees and elbows for 15 minutes. Wash it with water and then apply a mixed solution of glycerin, lemon juice, and rosewater. Repeat the process often.", "Mustard oil is rich in linoleic, erucic, and oleic acids that are helpful in keeping the elbow and knees clean and moist (12). Apply mustard oil on the dark area after bathing. After 2-3 hours wash the mustard oil from the skin with warm water.", "Vitamin E oil helps treat the majority of skin diseases (13) and also brightens the blackened skin. All you have to do is massage vitamin E oil on elbow and knees daily, and you will see great changes in your skin tone.", "You can also add sugar in vitamin E oil. After it dissolves a little bit, apply it on the elbow and knees and massage for 10 minutes. Leave it overnight and use lukewarm water to wash it off in the morning.", "Olive oil is another good home remedy to clean dark elbows and knees. It not only cleanses the skin but also softens it. To use olive oil, warm it a little bit and massage on the skin for 2-3 minutes before sleeping. Follow the same procedure twice a week.", "Another option is to mix a tbsp of olive oil with two tbsp of lemon juice and half a cup sea or table salt. Use this paste to scrub your knees and elbows. Leave it on for 15 minutes. Rinse it off with soap and water. Use a moisturizer after patting dry as lemon juice tends to dry the skin. Do it once daily for a few days.", "Vaseline has the speedy power to lighten the skin tone and making it baby soft. Wash the ashy knees with chickpea powder and water and after drying them, when they are soft and moist, apply Vaseline on it. Repeat the process of applying Vaseline every night before sleeping only.", "Almonds can do natural exfoliation. Use powdered almonds and almond shell and mix them in fresh cream. Apply this prepared scrub on your skin on a daily routine, and you will notice that the skin is becoming light in color with every passing day.", "You can easily escape the costly scrubs that you have tried to lighten the skin of elbow and knees with your homemade oatmeal scrub, which is not just cheap but effective too. Grind some oats and mix the powder with fresh cream (you can also use honey and cold cream in place of fresh cream). Apply the paste on the skin and after two minutes, start massaging the area. Use your fingertips only to massage.", "Extremely helpful in vanishing dark spots– apricot can provide you with early skin benefits. This remedy does not require any method, recipe or process, all you need is raw apricot. Cut it into pieces and place it on your knees. Now tie it on your elbows for half an hour approximately. Wash the particular area with water after that.", "Glycerin is the agent used in many beauty products which help you maintain the moisture of your skin (14). Glycerin can be bought easily, and you just have to apply it on your skin before sleeping.", "Hydrogen peroxide is the answer to your skin lightening question. Hydrogen peroxide will be easily available in your nearest pharmacy. On alternate days, dip a cotton ball in it, and apply on your darkened elbows and knees and you will be able to see surprising results in a week.", "Along with having a lot of benefits for health and skin, tomatoes are another effective remedy in case of ashy knees and elbows. Mix 1 tbsp of fresh tomato juice, 1 tbsp of curd, and 2 tbsp of oatmeal together to form a paste like consistency and apply it on the skin. Massage for 5 minutes. Leave on for about 15-20 minutes and wash off the area using fresh water.", "This paste is a fool-proof remedy to treat your dark, patchy skin around elbows and knees. Mix about 3 tablespoons of borax powder and 2 tbsp of glycerin in 2 cups of rose water. Apply it with the help of cotton and wash it off after 20 minutes.", "By now, we are aware of the benefits that honey and lemon provide us with, and using their scrub will help in removing the dead skin cells, that too, very easily. Take a teaspoon of lemon zest, 3 tablespoons of lemon juice, and 1 tablespoon of honey. Mix them together and apply daily.", "Cucumber can be seen as the best friend of our skin when it comes to lightening the dark areas. It has natural bleaching properties which make it one of the best remedies to be used for this purpose. Along with that, it removes the dead skin cells and keeps the skin well moisturized. You can rub a thick slice of cucumber on your knees and elbows for about 10 minutes. Wait for another 5 minutes. Then, wash it off using cold water.", "Or, take equal amounts of lemon juice and cucumber juice. Mix them with a pinch of turmeric powder. Dab it on the dark knees and elbows and leave it on for around 20 minutes. Wash it off with water. Do it daily to see noticeable results.", "Papaya can also be helpful in treating dark areas of knees and elbows (15). All you need to do is slice a ripe papaya. Mash it to make a paste. Apply it to the affected areas. Leave on for 10 minutes. Rinse it off with fresh water. Do it thrice a week to get the desired results.", "Aloe Vera never disappoints our skin! It is an herbal skin cleanser and lightener which also reduce the damage caused to the skin by UV rays due to the exposure to the sun (16). To use aloe vera, extract its gel (you can also use the gel available in the market, but prefer to use the homemade one. Apply it on the skin. Let it rest for about 20 minutes and then wash it with warm water. For early results, apply it 2-3 times every day.", "Alternatively, you can use aloe vera mixed with honey for better results. Mix aloe vera and honey together in equal parts and apply it for 20 minutes at least, every day. Wash it with water.", "Seldom people know the benefits of mint, it is high in antiseptic and anti- inflammatory properties which synthesize the white blood cells of the body (17). Take about half cup of water, boil it, and add few mint leaves in it. Squeeze juice of half lemon in it and let it cool for some time. With the help of a cotton ball, apply it on the area you need to cleanse. Apply it regularly.", "Sandalwood powder has been used for its skin benefits (18). Mix turmeric powder and sandalwood powder with rosewater to make a paste. Apply it on your knees and elbows. Wash it off after a few minutes. Repeat it regularly until you see the results.", "This medicinal plant of basil can also treat your dark elbows and knees. Make a paste of 2-3 drops of basil leaf extract and two spoons of milk with a pinch of turmeric powder. Apply it to the elbows and knees, and leave overnight. In the morning, wash it with lukewarm water.", "Use exfoliating brush or loofah to lighten your dark elbows and knees. They will remove the dead skin leaving your body soft and smooth.", "Apply sunscreen lotions to your skin before going out in the sunlight. It will keep your skin moisturized and healthy along with a lightened skin color.", "Don’t exfoliate or scrub your knees or elbows if you have an open wound there. It may increase the risk of infection and worsen the condition.", "Be it in your pantry or wardrobe, the most common household pest problem is the clothes moth. They are usually found in food storage...", "Welcome to homeremedyhacks.com. In the modern world, when scientists have discovered cures for almost all ailments, there is no substitute for home remedies. Here we have provided natural and herbal remedies for all your health and beauty related problems." ] }, "parsed_md": "32 Effective Ways to Get Rid of Dark Elbows and Knees at Home\n\n * Home\n * Health Hacks\n * Food Hacks\n * Beauty Hacks\n * Pest Hacks\n * Fitness Hacks\n * DIY Hacks\n * Pregnancy Hacks\n * Index\n\nNatural Home Remedies – DIY treatment for Better Health\n\n * Home\n * Health Hacks\n * Food Hacks\n * Beauty Hacks\n * Pest Hacks\n * Fitness Hacks\n * DIY Hacks\n * Pregnancy Hacks\n * Index\n\nHome Beauty Hacks 32 Effective Ways to Get Rid of Dark Elbows and Knees at...\n\n * Beauty Hacks\n * Body Beauty\n\n# 32 Effective Ways to Get Rid of Dark Elbows and Knees at Home\n\nJun 3, 2016\n\n0\n\n9944\n\nEveryone desires for a soft, smooth, and even skin tone but, it is not\nsomething that can be achieved easily. Like dark inner thighs or dark neck,\nknees and elbows are more prone to becoming dark. It is caused due to the\nfriction or pressure and lost moisture which makes the skin area harder and\ndarker. Among all the beauty related issues, it comes as one of the most\ncommon problems. Well, you don’t need to waste your time and money in lavish\nsaloons to get rid of your dark elbows and knees fast. They can easily be\ntreated using some of the simple home remedies. By using these, you will be\nable to roam around wearing your favorite sleeveless shirt or the mini skirt\nyou have avoided to flaunt lately.\n\n1\\. Lemon\n\nLemon is a strong anti-oxidant, bleaching agent and helps regenerate of new\nskin cells (1). To lighten dark elbow and knees take lemon cut it in two\nhalves and rub it on elbows and knees while squeezing. After applying, leave\nit for about 20 minutes and wash it with warm water.\n\n * Alternatively, you can apply a mixture of 1 teaspoon of lemon juice mixed with 1 teaspoon of honey, and wash it with water after 20 minutes.\n * You can also try lemon and gram flour paste. Mix both of these ingredients until they form a paste-like consistency, and rub it on the skin. Let the paste dry and wash it with water.\n\nNote: Avoid direct sun exposure for 3 hours after applying lemon on the skin.\n\n2\\. Coconut Oil\n\nCoconut oil is well known for its positive effects on the skin. Rich in\nvitamin E, coconut oil gives you with an even skin tone (2). It not only helps\nlighten the darker area of skin but also repairs the damaged and burned skin.\nAfter taking a bath, massage elbows and knees with coconut oil for about 2-3\nminutes. Repeat the procedure several times a day.\n\n * You can also mix one teaspoon of coconut oil and half a teaspoon of lemon juice and apply it for 20 minutes every day.\n * Another way to use coconut oil is by adding the walnut powder in the coconut oil, and applying it on the dark patches 3-4 times a week.\n\n3\\. Yogurt\n\nYogurt is a great skin lightening agent. It cleanses and moisturizes the skin\nand helps lighten the skin color as well (3). To use this remedy, mix one\nteaspoon of white vinegar and yogurt each, and apply it on the dark area.\nAfter it dries, wash it with lukewarm water, and apply a moisturizer on it.\n\n * You can also apply a paste of gram flour and yogurt for 20 minutes every day. To prepare the paste, mix 2 teaspoons of gram flour and 1 teaspoon of yogurt together, and remove it by massaging with wet fingers. Repeat the process thrice a week.\n * Another way to use yogurt is to mix it with almond oil. Together, they will even the skin tone and moisturize it as well.\n * Or, grind 8-10 almonds to get a coarse texture. Add 2 tbsp of yogurt to make a paste. Wet your fingertips and apply this paste to your elbows and knees. Rub in a circular motion gently. Leave it to dry for 15-20 minutes. Rinse it off using water. Do it once or twice a week to get an even skin tone.\n\n4\\. Sugar\n\nA scrub made of sugar can easily help you lighten the skin tone. It exfoliates\nthe skin and soften the skin area of knees and elbows (4). To prepare this\nscrub at home, you only need two ingredients that are sugar and olive oil. Mix\nthem in equal amounts to make a thick paste and using a small quantity of this\nmixture, gently massage your skin. After massaging for 5 minutes, wash it off\nwith mild soap and water. Do it once daily and repeat as needed.\n\n * Apart from that, It can also be used with lemon. Mix both of them in equal parts and rub it on the skin. Wash it with the help of a mild soap and water. Use it once or twice a week.\n\nNote: You may get a sticky skin from the regular use of this remedy.\n\n5\\. Baking Soda\n\nBaking soda is a boon for several skin conditions like acne and dark knees and\nelbows. Being rich in cleansing properties, it also helps treat the\nhyperpigmentation that is usually seen around the elbows and knees (5).\nPrepare a paste by adding baking soda and milk in equal quantities, and rub it\non the affected areas for 2-3 minutes. Use lukewarm water to wash it off. Pat\nit dry properly. Do it every day to get the noticeable results. You will be\nastonished to see the miraculous effect of this remedy on your skin.\n\n7\\. Turmeric\n\nThis is another wonderful home remedy that you should try. This combination\ncan never go wrong as turmeric is a good antiseptic, milk is a natural\nbleaching agent, and honey is a moisturizer (6) (7). Mix all of these\ntogether, and apply it on the darker area. After leaving for twenty minutes,\nwet your fingers and gently rub for 2-3 minutes. Use this paste on a regular\nbasis.\n\n * Or, mix turmeric powder and milk cream together to form a paste. Massage for 2-3 minutes, and leave it to dry for 20 minutes. Scrub the skin gently while washing off the paste. Repeat it on a regular basis.\n\n8\\. Cocoa and Shea Butter\n\nOne of the reasons of a dark elbow and knees is dry skin which can be easily\ntreated with the help of these amazing moisturizers. Cocoa and Shea butter are\nnatural fats, which keep the skin soft and healthy (8) (9). Apply them before\ngoing to bed every night.\n\n9\\. Bleaching Fruits\n\nCitrus properties in some fruits make them a good natural bleaching agent.\nJuices of fruits like lemon, orange, strawberries, and tomato can be applied\nto the darker area every day to lighten them. You can also drink juices of\nthese fruits to have a speedy effect.\n\n10\\. Milk\n\nConsidered as one of the oldest methods to treat the skin darkening, milk is\nanother good remedy to cleanse the skin (10). Though it is a slow process, its\nlactic acid properties clear away the pigmentation and dead skin cells. Dip a\ncotton ball in milk and apply it on the elbow and knees regularly.\n\n11\\. Potatoes\n\nPotatoes are used by the majority of people to lighten dark hands and feet\nbecause of their strong bleaching effects. Cook a potato and mash it. Mix it\nwith yogurt, and apply the prepared paste on elbows and knees. Wash them with\nthe help of water after 20 minutes. Repeat the process every day.\n\n * Alternatively, you can also rub the raw potato on the affected skin to lighten its tone.\n\n12\\. Buttermilk, Oatmeal, and Almonds\n\nThese three ingredients can be the key to your flawless even tone skin. While\nbuttermilk has skin exfoliating, bleaching, and skin lightening effects.\nAlmonds and oatmeal help deter the dead skin cells (11). To make the paste,\nfirst grind oatmeal and almonds together, and then mix it in buttermilk.\nMassage it on knees and elbow and leave it for 20 minutes. Repeat the process\n2-3 times a week.\n\n13\\. Chickpea Flour\n\nIn a bowl, mix 2 heaps of chickpea flour, 1 tablespoon turmeric powder, 2\ntablespoon milk, and 1 teaspoon lemon juice. Apply this paste and then wash it\nafter 20 minutes. Apply rose water on the washed area and repeat the process\ntwice a week.\n\n14\\. Onion and Garlic\n\nEverybody knows the health benefits that onion and garlic provide us with.\nBut, they can be used to minimize the darkening of elbows and knees. This\nremedy includes many ingredients which together will help to rejuvenate and\nclean the skin. Take one onion and one clove of garlic and chop them. Apply\nthem on knees and elbows for 15 minutes. Wash it with water and then apply a\nmixed solution of glycerin, lemon juice, and rosewater. Repeat the process\noften.\n\n15\\. Mustard Oil\n\nMustard oil is rich in linoleic, erucic, and oleic acids that are helpful in\nkeeping the elbow and knees clean and moist (12). Apply mustard oil on the\ndark area after bathing. After 2-3 hours wash the mustard oil from the skin\nwith warm water.\n\n16\\. Vitamin E Oil\n\nVitamin E oil helps treat the majority of skin diseases (13) and also\nbrightens the blackened skin. All you have to do is massage vitamin E oil on\nelbow and knees daily, and you will see great changes in your skin tone.\n\n * You can also add sugar in vitamin E oil. After it dissolves a little bit, apply it on the elbow and knees and massage for 10 minutes. Leave it overnight and use lukewarm water to wash it off in the morning.\n\n17\\. Olive Oil\n\nOlive oil is another good home remedy to clean dark elbows and knees. It not\nonly cleanses the skin but also softens it. To use olive oil, warm it a little\nbit and massage on the skin for 2-3 minutes before sleeping. Follow the same\nprocedure twice a week.\n\n * Another option is to mix a tbsp of olive oil with two tbsp of lemon juice and half a cup sea or table salt. Use this paste to scrub your knees and elbows. Leave it on for 15 minutes. Rinse it off with soap and water. Use a moisturizer after patting dry as lemon juice tends to dry the skin. Do it once daily for a few days.\n\n18\\. Vaseline\n\nVaseline has the speedy power to lighten the skin tone and making it baby\nsoft. Wash the ashy knees with chickpea powder and water and after drying\nthem, when they are soft and moist, apply Vaseline on it. Repeat the process\nof applying Vaseline every night before sleeping only.\n\n19\\. Almonds\n\nAlmonds can do natural exfoliation. Use powdered almonds and almond shell and\nmix them in fresh cream. Apply this prepared scrub on your skin on a daily\nroutine, and you will notice that the skin is becoming light in color with\nevery passing day.\n\n20\\. Oatmeal Scrub\n\nYou can easily escape the costly scrubs that you have tried to lighten the\nskin of elbow and knees with your homemade oatmeal scrub, which is not just\ncheap but effective too. Grind some oats and mix the powder with fresh cream\n(you can also use honey and cold cream in place of fresh cream). Apply the\npaste on the skin and after two minutes, start massaging the area. Use your\nfingertips only to massage.\n\n21\\. Apricot\n\nExtremely helpful in vanishing dark spots– apricot can provide you with early\nskin benefits. This remedy does not require any method, recipe or process, all\nyou need is raw apricot. Cut it into pieces and place it on your knees. Now\ntie it on your elbows for half an hour approximately. Wash the particular area\nwith water after that.\n\n22\\. Glycerin\n\nGlycerin is the agent used in many beauty products which help you maintain the\nmoisture of your skin (14). Glycerin can be bought easily, and you just have\nto apply it on your skin before sleeping.\n\nNote: It has a gluey texture so many of you might not like it, but it provides\nwonderful results.\n\n23\\. Hydrogen Peroxide\n\nHydrogen peroxide is the answer to your skin lightening question. Hydrogen\nperoxide will be easily available in your nearest pharmacy. On alternate days,\ndip a cotton ball in it, and apply on your darkened elbows and knees and you\nwill be able to see surprising results in a week.\n\n24\\. Tomato\n\nAlong with having a lot of benefits for health and skin, tomatoes are another\neffective remedy in case of ashy knees and elbows. Mix 1 tbsp of fresh tomato\njuice, 1 tbsp of curd, and 2 tbsp of oatmeal together to form a paste like\nconsistency and apply it on the skin. Massage for 5 minutes. Leave on for\nabout 15-20 minutes and wash off the area using fresh water.\n\n25\\. Borax Powder\n\nThis paste is a fool-proof remedy to treat your dark, patchy skin around\nelbows and knees. Mix about 3 tablespoons of borax powder and 2 tbsp of\nglycerin in 2 cups of rose water. Apply it with the help of cotton and wash it\noff after 20 minutes.\n\n26\\. Honey\n\nBy now, we are aware of the benefits that honey and lemon provide us with, and\nusing their scrub will help in removing the dead skin cells, that too, very\neasily. Take a teaspoon of lemon zest, 3 tablespoons of lemon juice, and 1\ntablespoon of honey. Mix them together and apply daily.\n\n27\\. Cucumber\n\nCucumber can be seen as the best friend of our skin when it comes to\nlightening the dark areas. It has natural bleaching properties which make it\none of the best remedies to be used for this purpose. Along with that, it\nremoves the dead skin cells and keeps the skin well moisturized. You can rub a\nthick slice of cucumber on your knees and elbows for about 10 minutes. Wait\nfor another 5 minutes. Then, wash it off using cold water.\n\n * Or, take equal amounts of lemon juice and cucumber juice. Mix them with a pinch of turmeric powder. Dab it on the dark knees and elbows and leave it on for around 20 minutes. Wash it off with water. Do it daily to see noticeable results.\n\n28\\. Papaya\n\nPapaya can also be helpful in treating dark areas of knees and elbows (15).\nAll you need to do is slice a ripe papaya. Mash it to make a paste. Apply it\nto the affected areas. Leave on for 10 minutes. Rinse it off with fresh water.\nDo it thrice a week to get the desired results.\n\n### Herbal Remedies for Dark Elbow and Knees\n\n29\\. Aloe Vera\n\nAloe Vera never disappoints our skin! It is an herbal skin cleanser and\nlightener which also reduce the damage caused to the skin by UV rays due to\nthe exposure to the sun (16). To use aloe vera, extract its gel (you can also\nuse the gel available in the market, but prefer to use the homemade one. Apply\nit on the skin. Let it rest for about 20 minutes and then wash it with warm\nwater. For early results, apply it 2-3 times every day.\n\n * Alternatively, you can use aloe vera mixed with honey for better results. Mix aloe vera and honey together in equal parts and apply it for 20 minutes at least, every day. Wash it with water.\n\n30\\. Mint\n\nSeldom people know the benefits of mint, it is high in antiseptic and anti-\ninflammatory properties which synthesize the white blood cells of the body\n(17). Take about half cup of water, boil it, and add few mint leaves in it.\nSqueeze juice of half lemon in it and let it cool for some time. With the help\nof a cotton ball, apply it on the area you need to cleanse. Apply it\nregularly.\n\n31\\. Sandalwood\n\nSandalwood powder has been used for its skin benefits (18). Mix turmeric\npowder and sandalwood powder with rosewater to make a paste. Apply it on your\nknees and elbows. Wash it off after a few minutes. Repeat it regularly until\nyou see the results.\n\n32\\. Basil\n\nThis medicinal plant of basil can also treat your dark elbows and knees. Make\na paste of 2-3 drops of basil leaf extract and two spoons of milk with a pinch\nof turmeric powder. Apply it to the elbows and knees, and leave overnight. In\nthe morning, wash it with lukewarm water.\n\n### Do’s and Don’ts\n\nDo’s\n\n * Use exfoliating brush or loofah to lighten your dark elbows and knees. They will remove the dead skin leaving your body soft and smooth.\n * A pumice stone can also be used for this purpose.\n * Apply sunscreen lotions to your skin before going out in the sunlight. It will keep your skin moisturized and healthy along with a lightened skin color.\n * Use moisturizer regularly to avoid dryness of the skin.\n * Try to wear long-sleeved and full-length clothes when you are going out in high temperatures.\n * Keep your skin nourished by following a healthy diet including essential minerals and vitamins.\n * Drink 8-10 glasses of water throughout the day to keep the skin healthy and soft.\n\nDon’ts\n\n * Never scrub too hard that your skin gets damaged.\n * Don’t exfoliate or scrub your knees or elbows if you have an open wound there. It may increase the risk of infection and worsen the condition.\n * Avoid too much usage of chemical bleaching agents.\n * Reduce putting the strain on knees and elbows as it may promote darkening of the skin.\n\nSHARE\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nhomeremedyhacks\n\n#### RELATED ARTICLESMORE FROM AUTHOR\n\n### 13 Home Remedies to Get rid of Dark Inner Thighs\n\n### 18 Home Remedies to Get Rid of Keloids\n\n### 12 Home Remedies to Get Rid of Static Hair\n\n### LEAVE A REPLY Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### Latest Post\n\n### 17 Proven Home Remedies to Get Rid of Moths\n\nJul 28, 2018\n\nBe it in your pantry or wardrobe, the most common household pest problem is\nthe clothes moth. They are usually found in food storage...\n\nWelcome to homeremedyhacks.com. In the modern world, when scientists have\ndiscovered cures for almost all ailments, there is no substitute for home\nremedies. Here we have provided natural and herbal remedies for all your\nhealth and beauty related problems.\n\nContact us: homeremedyhacks@gmail.com\n\n * Homeremedyhacks – Disclaimer\n * Homeremedyhacks- Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n\n© 2017-2018 Homeremedyhacks All rights reserved.\n\n> Facebook\n\nEdit with Live CSS\n\nSave\n\nWrite CSS OR LESS and hit save. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.skincareorg.com/how-to-lighten-dark-elbows/how-to-lighten-dark-elbows-home-remedies-fast-naturally/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210226031328/https://www.skincareorg.com/how-to-lighten-dark-elbows/how-to-lighten-dark-elbows-home-remedies-fast-naturally/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Lighten Dark Elbows Fast, Naturally With Home Remedies for Black Elbows", "passages": [ "Dark elbows and knees make your skin appear uneven. Here is a rundown on how to lighten dark elbows naturally with home remedies and permanently.", "This is a very common issue that can really drain one’s self-esteem thus covering up with long sleeved tops and beyond knee dresses.", "While this can happen to anyone regardless of their skin color, it is more common in people with darker skin tones. This is because they have more melanin pigment making it very easy to notice dark patches of skin on high friction areas such as the elbows and the knees.", "Why are my elbows dark? The skin around the elbows and knees is a little thicker with more skin folds than the surrounding areas. Uneven distribution of melanin pigment in the body can result in some areas being darker than others. With little blood supply and no oil glands, the area tends to be rough and dry. Here are some of the common causes of dark elbows:", "It is common to see dark patches and discoloration on high friction areas such as the elbows and knees. Elbow skin is naturally thicker than the surrounding skin. Knees and elbows withstand frequent bending, kneeling, leaning and get rubbed on by rough clothes. With few oil glands for lubrication, the skin in these areas grows thick and naturally", "With few oil glands for lubrication, the skin in these areas grows thick and naturally adopt a protective layer of dark skin. Note that while it is possible to lighten, bleach or whiten dark elbows and knees, there is no magic treatment. You do not need expensive creams and procedures to lighten up the dark skin on elbows. Use these simple home remedies", "Note that if left for too long on skin, turmeric may stain your skin yellow. This effect is temporary and will fade off in a day or two.", "Cut lemon into two halves and rub one-half over both your elbows while squeezing to release the juice. Allow it to remain on your elbows for 15-20 minutes then rinse off with warm water. Repeat this several times a week for best results", "Alternatively, you can mix a 1⁄4 cup of baking soda and lemon juice to make a paste with medium consistency. Rub the mixture over your elbows and massage gently in circular motions. Do this for at least 15 minutes. Baking soda serves to exfoliate the skin while lemons bleaches.", "Note that lemon may cause some irritation and stinging. Do not overdo the scrubbing and stop using this remedy if you notice signs of allergic reaction like rash and irritation. Lemon can be drying when you should moisturize after every time you bleach dark elbows with lemon juice.", "Aloe Vera is an age old beauty product that is used for its natural moisturizing and skin whitening properties. It helps to reverse sun damage, treats dryness and removes dead skin cells.", "Yogurt contains lactic acid and vinegar contains acetic acid which is mild but effective skin lightening agents. These two effectively lighten dark spots on knees and elbows, evening out your skin.", "Combine a teaspoon of yogurt and white vinegar to get a smooth paste. Apply the paste on the elbows and allow it to dry. Rinse off with warm water, pat dry and moisturize.", "Alternatively, you can mix a tablespoon of plain yogurt with 2 tablespoons of gram flour. Apply the paste to your elbows and leave it on for 15 minutes. Massage gently with wet fingers to exfoliate and rinse with warm water. Repeat this several times a week.", "Accumulation of dead skin cells and grime can make your elbows appear ashy and dirty. Baking soda is a gentle skin cleanser and natural scrub that removes dead cells and gets rid of grime.", "Depending on the extent of darkness, repeat this daily or on alternate days then later with improved you can reduce the frequency to once or twice a week", "Apply this paste to your elbows and scrub gently with your fingers. As you massage, the sugar granules resolve and become smaller in size", "Mint has natural antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is not only healing to the skin but also has essential oils which aid in the synthesis of white blood cells and collagen which lighten skin by clearing scars and dark spots", "Another dark elbow treatment that will help you fade off dark spots and moisturize your skin. It also has powerful antioxidants that help to repair skin and improve the appearance of damaged tissue.", "You can also choose to take vitamin E capsules orally or prick on the capsule with a pin and apply the oil to the elbows.", "Dead flaky skin cells can become trapped in the skin folds of the elbows causing the skin to appear darker than the surrounding skin. Most of us neglect the elbows and the knees during the daily body care routine and forget to moisturize. Follow this tips to help you lighten dark elbows naturally", "Use a loofah and exfoliating gel to scrub off dead skin and get rid of dirt from your elbows. You can also use a pumice stone to gently exfoliate the top layer of skin", "Do not lean too much on your knees and your elbows. Friction and exerting pressure on the knees and elbows can cause your skin to be discolored", "According to Raffy Karamanoukian, MD, FACS, a Los Angeles Plastic Surgeon, the skin over the elbows and knees is resilient and elastic. Pigmentation is usually more pronounces when the joints are extended and the skin overlying the joints is contracted.", "The darkness of the knees and elbows is caused by the redundancy of the skin which has to be there to allow for bending. This type of skin is caused by constant friction which thickens the skin. In other words, this means that most home remedies for dark elbows and knees are superficial and they can’t do much to change the specific type of skin in these areas.", "Most of the dark elbow and knee home treatments described above are temporary. To have long lasting results. It is recommended that you find one remedy that works for you then find a way of incorporating it into your skin care and beauty regimen. Regular exfoliation will help you to maintain the areas in their best appearance. For more permanent results, talk to your dermatologist about the possibility of having a chemical peel or permanent exfoliation procedures.", "Note that, permanent methods that can be used to lighten your elbows or knees should be used carefully in people with a darker skin tone just so you don’t end up with unnaturally lighter elbows than the rest of your body.", "The dark little sprouts of hair just above the lips are viewed as unattractive and embarrassing for women. While there are many methods of upper lip hair removal, this article will enlighten you on how to make upper lip hair less noticeable with skin friendly bleaches and special dyes at home. [...]", "Stomach hair can be very embarrassing whether you are a woman or a man. While there are many ways you can make this hair less noticeable, some of the methods do not give long lasting results. Here is how you can naturally bleach stomach hair. [...]", "Is there a way to change eye color naturally? Can you use honey to change your eye color? Read more on how to change your eye color with honey with before and after pictures to show you how honey works to change the color of your eyes. [...]", "Hi Mattie Garris. I’m glad you found this article useful. You can use sugar and olive oil on any kind of skin. While sugar helps to exfoliate dark dead skin cells, olive oil has gentle skin brightening properties that will help make your knees and elbows clear. Just be sure to incorporate this into your beauty or grooming routine for better and long lasting results.", "I have my college days in a month n I have dark legs elbows.....I want stunning legs in an month....can u suggest me something?", "Hello. I’m a 46 year old black male. I have uneven skin tone on both my elbows and knees (also knuckles and toes). Those areas aren’t really a concern to me, however. It’s my face. I have a “shadow” on my face from years of shaving. My forehead and around my eyes are a considerably lighter shade of brown, whereas my cheek areas are much darker. Of course this has really made a dent in my self-esteem and confidence much so to the point of I don’t have ANY pictures of myself taken. I’ve tried just about any and every hydroquinone enriched cream you can think of and to no avail. Is there anything- ANYTHING out there that I can use on my face to get my even skin tone back? Perhaps that same remedy can also be used on my elbows and other problem areas of my body. Thanks.", "Can any of theses method be used on the back of your neck? My neck and elbows are both dark", "Hi Melussa. Yes, home remedies to lighten dark elbows and knees can be used to lighten dark patches, lines and creases on the neck. Regards.", "In order to help fund the running of this website Skincareorg.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Lighten Dark Elbows Fast, Naturally With Home Remedies for Black Elbows\n\n# How to Lighten Dark Elbows Fast, Naturally With Home Remedies\n\nMay 19, 2015 Lindsay Sullivan Beauty Tips, Elbows, how to lighten dark elbows,\nNature's Remedies, Skin whitening 9\n\nDark skin on elbows\n\nDark elbows and knees make your skin appear uneven. Here is a rundown on how\nto lighten dark elbows naturally with home remedies and permanently.\n\nArticle Contents\n\n## Dark Elbows\n\nThis is a very common issue that can really drain one’s self-esteem thus\ncovering up with long sleeved tops and beyond knee dresses.\n\nWhile this can happen to anyone regardless of their skin color, it is more\ncommon in people with darker skin tones. This is because they have more\nmelanin pigment making it very easy to notice dark patches of skin on high\nfriction areas such as the elbows and the knees.\n\nDark skin on elbows\n\nFind out what causes dark elbows and how you can naturally lighten or bleach\ndiscolored elbows with home remedies.\n\n## What causes dark elbows?\n\nWhy are my elbows dark? The skin around the elbows and knees is a little\nthicker with more skin folds than the surrounding areas. Uneven distribution\nof melanin pigment in the body can result in some areas being darker than\nothers. With little blood supply and no oil glands, the area tends to be rough\nand dry. Here are some of the common causes of dark elbows:\n\n * Genetics\n * Dry skin\n * Overexposure to the sun\n * Use of certain medications\n * Poor or improper hygiene\n * Lack of exfoliation, accumulation of dirt, grime and dead skin\n * Certain diseases such as Addison’s syndrome, obesity\n * Hormonal imbalances\n * Frequent contact and friction with clothes, leaning on the table with your elbows\n * Benign hyperpigmentation or active melanocytes in the elbows\n\nDark skin over the elbows\n\n## How to Lighten Dark Elbows with Home Remedies\n\nIt is common to see dark patches and discoloration on high friction areas such\nas the elbows and knees. Elbow skin is naturally thicker than the surrounding\nskin. Knees and elbows withstand frequent bending, kneeling, leaning and get\nrubbed on by rough clothes. With few oil glands for lubrication, the skin in\nthese areas grows thick and naturally\n\nWith few oil glands for lubrication, the skin in these areas grows thick and\nnaturally adopt a protective layer of dark skin. Note that while it is\npossible to lighten, bleach or whiten dark elbows and knees, there is no magic\ntreatment. You do not need expensive creams and procedures to lighten up the\ndark skin on elbows. Use these simple home remedies\n\n### Turmeric to Cure Discolored Elbows\n\nTurmeric has natural exfoliating and bleaching properties which help to\neffectively get rid of dark patches on the skin.\n\n 1. To lighten dark elbows, mix gram flour and turmeric in yogurt, heavy cream, or water.\n 2. Apply the resultant paste on your body and leave it for 20 minutes or until it dries off\n 3. Wash off with lukewarm water while gently scrubbing your elbows in a circular motion\n 4. Do this three times a week for best results. You will notice an improvement in 2 weeks\n\nNote that if left for too long on skin, turmeric may stain your skin yellow.\nThis effect is temporary and will fade off in a day or two.\n\n### How to Bleach Dark Skin on Elbows with Lemon\n\nHow to bleach dark elbows with lemon\n\n 1. Cut lemon into two halves and rub one-half over both your elbows while squeezing to release the juice. Allow it to remain on your elbows for 15-20 minutes then rinse off with warm water. Repeat this several times a week for best results\n 2. Alternatively, you can mix a 1⁄4 cup of baking soda and lemon juice to make a paste with medium consistency. Rub the mixture over your elbows and massage gently in circular motions. Do this for at least 15 minutes. Baking soda serves to exfoliate the skin while lemons bleaches.\n\nNote that lemon may cause some irritation and stinging. Do not overdo the\nscrubbing and stop using this remedy if you notice signs of allergic reaction\nlike rash and irritation. Lemon can be drying when you should moisturize after\nevery time you bleach dark elbows with lemon juice.\n\n### Aloe Vera Naturally Whitens Dark Elbows\n\nAloe Vera is an age old beauty product that is used for its natural\nmoisturizing and skin whitening properties. It helps to reverse sun damage,\ntreats dryness and removes dead skin cells.\n\n 1. Take a fresh aloe leaf and cut its edges to expose the flesh\n 2. Squeeze to extract the gel and apply it to your elbows\n 3. Leave it on the skin for 30 minutes\n 4. Wash off with warm water\n 5. Alternatively, you can mix Aloe Vera with honey and use it in the same way as explained above\n 6. Repeat this process several times a week to effectively remove black patches of skin on your elbows\n\n### How to Get Rid of Black Elbows Fast with Yogurt and Vinegar\n\nTurmeric and yogurt paste for discolored elbows\n\nYogurt contains lactic acid and vinegar contains acetic acid which is mild but\neffective skin lightening agents. These two effectively lighten dark spots on\nknees and elbows, evening out your skin.\n\n 1. Combine a teaspoon of yogurt and white vinegar to get a smooth paste. Apply the paste on the elbows and allow it to dry. Rinse off with warm water, pat dry and moisturize.\n 2. Alternatively, you can mix a tablespoon of plain yogurt with 2 tablespoons of gram flour. Apply the paste to your elbows and leave it on for 15 minutes. Massage gently with wet fingers to exfoliate and rinse with warm water. Repeat this several times a week.\n\n### How to Lighten Dark Elbows and Knees with Baking Soda\n\nAccumulation of dead skin cells and grime can make your elbows appear ashy and\ndirty. Baking soda is a gentle skin cleanser and natural scrub that removes\ndead cells and gets rid of grime.\n\n 1. Mix baking soda with milk or water to make a paste\n 2. Apply it on the elbows and knees while rubbing in circular motions for 3 minutes\n 3. Wash off with lukewarm water, pat dry and moisturize\n\nDepending on the extent of darkness, repeat this daily or on alternate days\nthen later with improved you can reduce the frequency to once or twice a week\n\n### Sugar and Olive Oil Scrub\n\n 1. Make an exfoliating body scrub by mixing sugar and warm olive to get a medium consistency\n 2. Apply this paste to your elbows and scrub gently with your fingers. As you massage, the sugar granules resolve and become smaller in size\n 3. Continue rubbing for 5-10 minutes or until the all the sugar resolves\n 4. Wash off with mild soap and warm water\n\nRepeat this daily until you start seeing changes then reduce the frequency to\nseveral days a week\n\n### Mint Leaves\n\nMint has natural antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is not only\nhealing to the skin but also has essential oils which aid in the synthesis of\nwhite blood cells and collagen which lighten skin by clearing scars and dark\nspots\n\n 1. Boil hot water and add mint leaves into it\n 2. Allow it to boil for a few minutes and add in fresh lemon juice\n 3. Get the mixture off the flame and allow it to cool to a skin tolerable temperature\n 4. Soak a cotton ball with this solution and dab it on the elbows\n 5. Leave it on the skin for about 15 minutes then rinse off with warm water\n 6. Do this regularly to get rid of dark elbows quickly\n\n### Vitamin E Oil\n\nAnother dark elbow treatment that will help you fade off dark spots and\nmoisturize your skin. It also has powerful antioxidants that help to repair\nskin and improve the appearance of damaged tissue.\n\n 1. Add a tablespoon each of vitamin E oil, lemon juice, and glycerin\n 2. Add in 10 tablespoons of milk\n 3. Apply this to your elbows and let it sit for 20 minutes\n 4. You can also choose to take vitamin E capsules orally or prick on the capsule with a pin and apply the oil to the elbows.\n\n## How to Lighten Elbows Naturally, Fast\n\nDead flaky skin cells can become trapped in the skin folds of the elbows\ncausing the skin to appear darker than the surrounding skin. Most of us\nneglect the elbows and the knees during the daily body care routine and forget\nto moisturize. Follow this tips to help you lighten dark elbows naturally\n\nRemember to always moisturize your elbows\n\n * Use a loofah and exfoliating gel to scrub off dead skin and get rid of dirt from your elbows. You can also use a pumice stone to gently exfoliate the top layer of skin\n * Moisturize your elbows after every bath to prevent dryness.\n * Apply cocoa butter or shea butter before going to bed to help fade off dark spots on elbows\n * Do not lean too much on your knees and your elbows. Friction and exerting pressure on the knees and elbows can cause your skin to be discolored\n * Protect your elbows and knees from harmful UV rays by wearing sunscreen all the time\n\n## How to Lighten Knees and Elbows Permanently\n\nAccording to Raffy Karamanoukian, MD, FACS, a Los Angeles Plastic Surgeon, the\nskin over the elbows and knees is resilient and elastic. Pigmentation is\nusually more pronounces when the joints are extended and the skin overlying\nthe joints is contracted.\n\nThe darkness of the knees and elbows is caused by the redundancy of the skin\nwhich has to be there to allow for bending. This type of skin is caused by\nconstant friction which thickens the skin. In other words, this means that\nmost home remedies for dark elbows and knees are superficial and they can’t do\nmuch to change the specific type of skin in these areas.\n\nMost of the dark elbow and knee home treatments described above are temporary.\nTo have long lasting results. It is recommended that you find one remedy that\nworks for you then find a way of incorporating it into your skin care and\nbeauty regimen. Regular exfoliation will help you to maintain the areas in\ntheir best appearance. For more permanent results, talk to your dermatologist\nabout the possibility of having a chemical peel or permanent exfoliation\nprocedures.\n\nNote that, permanent methods that can be used to lighten your elbows or knees\nshould be used carefully in people with a darker skin tone just so you don’t\nend up with unnaturally lighter elbows than the rest of your body.\n\nThe above remedies can be equally used to lighten dark elbows, knees, and\nknuckles.\n\n * Beauty and Makeup\n\n### Related Articles\n\nBeauty Tips\n\n### How to Bleach Upper Lip Hair Naturally at Home, Fast\n\nApril 26, 2015 Lindsay Sullivan Beauty Tips, Nature's Remedies, Problem Hair,\nUpper Lip Hair 0\n\nThe dark little sprouts of hair just above the lips are viewed as unattractive\nand embarrassing for women. While there are many methods of upper lip hair\nremoval, this article will enlighten you on how to make upper lip hair less\nnoticeable with skin friendly bleaches and special dyes at home. [...]\n\nBeauty Tips\n\n### How to Bleach Stomach Hair At Home, Naturally With Lemon Juice, Peroxide\n\nMay 17, 2015 Lindsay Sullivan Beauty Tips, how to bleach stomach hair,\nNature's Remedies, Problem Hair 2\n\nStomach hair can be very embarrassing whether you are a woman or a man. While\nthere are many ways you can make this hair less noticeable, some of the\nmethods do not give long lasting results. Here is how you can naturally bleach\nstomach hair. [...]\n\nBeauty Tips\n\n### How to Change Your Eye Color with Honey\n\nMay 12, 2015 Lindsay Sullivan Beauty Tips, Eye color, Nature's Remedies, Skin\nwhitening 103\n\nIs there a way to change eye color naturally? Can you use honey to change your\neye color? Read more on how to change your eye color with honey with before\nand after pictures to show you how honey works to change the color of your\neyes. [...]\n\n#### 9 Comments\n\n 1. Mattie. Garris says:\n\nOctober 24, 2016 at 2:52 am\n\nI’m. Black can you use sugar and olive. mix on black skin. Knee and elbows?\n\n 2. Lindsay Sullivan says:\n\nNovember 1, 2016 at 6:43 am\n\nHi Mattie Garris. I’m glad you found this article useful. You can use sugar\nand olive oil on any kind of skin. While sugar helps to exfoliate dark dead\nskin cells, olive oil has gentle skin brightening properties that will help\nmake your knees and elbows clear. Just be sure to incorporate this into your\nbeauty or grooming routine for better and long lasting results.\n\n 3. tiara says:\n\nDecember 20, 2016 at 10:28 am\n\nI have my college days in a month n I have dark legs elbows.....I want\nstunning legs in an month....can u suggest me something?\n\n 4. Amira says:\n\nJanuary 14, 2017 at 5:17 am\n\nDo the baking soda with milk can help my knees whiten?\n\n 5. Randy says:\n\nFebruary 4, 2017 at 12:31 pm\n\nHello. I’m a 46 year old black male. I have uneven skin tone on both my elbows\nand knees (also knuckles and toes). Those areas aren’t really a concern to me,\nhowever. It’s my face. I have a “shadow” on my face from years of shaving. My\nforehead and around my eyes are a considerably lighter shade of brown, whereas\nmy cheek areas are much darker. Of course this has really made a dent in my\nself-esteem and confidence much so to the point of I don’t have ANY pictures\nof myself taken. I’ve tried just about any and every hydroquinone enriched\ncream you can think of and to no avail. Is there anything- ANYTHING out there\nthat I can use on my face to get my even skin tone back? Perhaps that same\nremedy can also be used on my elbows and other problem areas of my body.\nThanks.\n\n 6. Melussa says:\n\nFebruary 18, 2017 at 3:34 pm\n\nCan any of theses method be used on the back of your neck? My neck and elbows\nare both dark\n\n 7. Lindsay Sullivan says:\n\nMarch 15, 2017 at 8:42 pm\n\nHi Melussa. Yes, home remedies to lighten dark elbows and knees can be used to\nlighten dark patches, lines and creases on the neck. Regards.\n\n 8. Lindsay Sullivan says:\n\nMarch 15, 2017 at 8:46 pm\n\nRead more on how to get rid of dark neck\n\n 9. Taonga Ng'uni says:\n\nApril 23, 2018 at 7:36 pm\n\nHow long should I wait for results? I’m using the soda and milk\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Follow on Facebook\n\n * How to Change Your Eye Color with Honey\n\nMay 12, 2015 103\n\n * Infected Lip Piercing: Causes, Signs, Treatment\n\nMay 10, 2017 55\n\n * Vicco Turmeric Skin Cream Benefits for Dry Skin, Face, Acne Hyperpigmentation\n\nSeptember 23, 2015 52\n\n * Does Turmeric Lighten Skin? How to Use Turmeric to Lighten Skin\n\nOctober 16, 2015 49\n\n * How to Bleach Leg Hair, How to Lighten Leg Hair at Home, Naturally\n\nApril 12, 2015 35\n\n#### Categories\n\n###### Recent Posts\n\n * Birth Control Pills for Acne Prone Skin, Brands, Before and After\n * Should I Pop my Pimples?\n * Nodular Acne: Causes, Treatment Options, Prevention, Pictures\n * Comedonal Acne, Treatments to get rid of Comedones, Salicylic Acid, Pictures\n * Salmon Patches: What are Salmon Patches and How Should You Treat Them?\n\n###### Recent Comments\n\n * وزارة التعليم نظام فا on Aspirin Face Mask\n * Irena on How to Change Your Eye Color with Honey\n * Jessica Stafford on Activated Charcoal for Teeth Whitening\n * Yashi on How to Change Your Eye Color with Honey\n * Dee on Turmeric Teeth Whitening- How to Whiten your Teeth Naturally with Turmeric\n\n###### Disclaimer\n\nIn order to help fund the running of this website Skincareorg.com is a\nparticipant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate\nadvertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking\nto Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nskincareorg.com ©\n\n<!-- End Google Tag Manager —>\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003242.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210816204221/https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003242.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Abnormally dark or light skin: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia", "passages": [ "Pale skin areas are due to too little melanin or underactive melanocytes. Darker areas of skin (or an area that tans more easily) occurs when you have more melanin or overactive melanocytes.", "Bronzing of the skin may sometimes be mistaken for a suntan. This skin discoloration often develops slowly, starting at the elbows, knuckles, and knees and spreading from there. Bronzing may also be seen on the soles of the feet and the palms of the hands. The bronze color can range from light to dark (in fair-skinned people) with the degree of darkness due to the underlying cause.", "Over-the-counter and prescription creams are available for lightening the skin. Hydroquinone combined with tretinoin is an effective combination. If you use these creams, follow instructions carefully, and don't use one for more than 3 weeks at a time. Darker skin requires greater care when using these preparations. Cosmetics may also help mask a discoloration.", "Your provider may recommend creams, ointments, surgery, or phototherapy, depending on the type of skin condition you have. Bleaching creams can help lighten dark areas of skin.", "Chang MW. Disorders of hyperpigmentation. In: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Dermatology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 67.", "Passeron T, Ortonne JP. Vitiligo and other disorders of hypopigmentation. In: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Dermatology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 66.", "A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here.", "The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2021, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions." ] }, "parsed_md": "Abnormally dark or light skin: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * What's New\n * Site Map\n * Customer Support\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Encyclopedia →\n\nAbnormally dark or light skin\n\nURL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003242.htm\n\n# Abnormally dark or light skin\n\nAbnormally dark or light skin is skin that has turned darker or lighter than\nnormal.\n\n## Considerations\n\nNormal skin contains cells called melanocytes. These cells produce melanin,\nthe substance that gives skin its color.\n\nSkin with too much melanin is called hyperpigmented skin.\n\nSkin with too little melanin is called hypopigmented. Skin with no melanin at\nall is called depigmented.\n\nPale skin areas are due to too little melanin or underactive melanocytes.\nDarker areas of skin (or an area that tans more easily) occurs when you have\nmore melanin or overactive melanocytes.\n\nBronzing of the skin may sometimes be mistaken for a suntan. This skin\ndiscoloration often develops slowly, starting at the elbows, knuckles, and\nknees and spreading from there. Bronzing may also be seen on the soles of the\nfeet and the palms of the hands. The bronze color can range from light to dark\n(in fair-skinned people) with the degree of darkness due to the underlying\ncause.\n\n## Causes\n\nCauses of hyperpigmentation include:\n\n * Skin inflammation (post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation)\n * Use of certain drugs (such as minocycline, certain cancer chemotherapies and birth control pills)\n * Hormone system diseases such as Addison disease\n * Hemochromatosis (iron overload)\n * Sun exposure\n * Pregnancy (melasma, or mask of pregnancy)\n * Certain birthmarks\n\nCauses of hypopigmentation include:\n\n * Skin inflammation\n * Certain fungal infections (such as tinea versicolor)\n * Pityriasis alba\n * Vitiligo\n * Certain medicines\n * Skin condition called idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis in sun exposed areas such as the arms\n * Certain birthmarks\n\n## Home Care\n\nOver-the-counter and prescription creams are available for lightening the\nskin. Hydroquinone combined with tretinoin is an effective combination. If you\nuse these creams, follow instructions carefully, and don't use one for more\nthan 3 weeks at a time. Darker skin requires greater care when using these\npreparations. Cosmetics may also help mask a discoloration.\n\nAvoid too much sun exposure. Always use sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher.\n\nAbnormally dark skin may continue even after treatment.\n\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\n\nCall your health care provider for an appointment if you have:\n\n * Skin discoloration that causes significant concern\n * Persistent, unexplained darkening or lightening of the skin\n * Any skin sore or lesion that changes shape, size, or color may be a sign of skin cancer\n\n## What to Expect at Your Office Visit\n\nYour provider will perform a physical exam and ask about your symptoms,\nincluding:\n\n * When did the discoloration develop?\n * Did it develop suddenly?\n * Is it getting worse? How fast?\n * Has it spread to other parts of the body?\n * What medicines do you take?\n * Has anyone else in your family had a similar problem?\n * How often are you in the sun? Do you use a sun lamp or go to tanning salons?\n * What is your diet like?\n * What other symptoms do you have? For example, are there any rashes or skin lesions?\n\nTests that may be done include:\n\n * Adrenocorticotrophin hormone stimulation test\n * Skin biopsy\n * Thyroid function studies\n * Wood lamp test\n * KOH test\n\nYour provider may recommend creams, ointments, surgery, or phototherapy,\ndepending on the type of skin condition you have. Bleaching creams can help\nlighten dark areas of skin.\n\nSome skin color changes may return to normal without treatment.\n\n## Alternative Names\n\nHyperpigmentation; Hypopigmentation; Skin - abnormally light or dark\n\n## Images\n\n * Vitiligo - drug induced\n * Vitiligo on the face\n * Incontinentia pigmenti on the leg\n * Incontinentia pigmenti on the leg\n * Hyperpigmentation 2\n * Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation - calf\n * Hyperpigmentation w/malignancy\n * Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation 2\n\n## References\n\nChang MW. Disorders of hyperpigmentation. In: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV,\nCerroni L, eds. Dermatology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 67.\n\nPasseron T, Ortonne JP. Vitiligo and other disorders of hypopigmentation. In:\nBolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Dermatology. 4th ed. Philadelphia,\nPA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 66.\n\n## Review Date 4/16/2019\n\nUpdated by: Michael Lehrer, MD, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of\nDermatology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA.\nReview provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve,\nMD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the\nA.D.A.M. Editorial team.\n\nSkin Pigmentation DisordersRead more\n\nNIH MedlinePlus MagazineRead more\n\nHealth Topics A-ZRead more\n\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider\n(www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify\nthat A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability.\nA.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online\nhealth information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy\neditorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of\nHi-Ethics. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\ninformation: verify here.\n\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2021, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * What's New\n * Site Map\n * Customer Support\n\n * Get updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n * Social Media Toolkit\n\n * NLM Web Policies\n * Copyright\n * Accessibility\n * Guidelines for Links\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated: 05 August 2021\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://homeremediesforlife.com/dark-knees-and-elbows/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210513113815/https://homeremediesforlife.com/dark-knees-and-elbows/", "parsed_text": { "title": "24 DIY Home Remedies for Dark Knees and Elbows", "passages": [ "Embarrassed about dark knees and elbows? Stop avoiding short skirts and sleeveless tops! You’re about to discover 21 easy, natural, affordable ways to soften and lighten knee and elbow skin so you won’t have to feel self- conscious anymore.", "There are no oil glands in knee or elbow skin, so these areas dry out easily and collect dirt and impurities that are difficult to remove. Sun exposure, friction, pressure, and the buildup of dead skin cells also contribute to dark knees and elbows.", "You don’t have to spend tons of money on salon treatments to get the even skin tone you want. The inexpensive remedies listed below are just as effective, and the results are long-lasting. They combine exfoliation, bleaching, and moisturizing techniques that will get rid of dark patches for good.", "The oil massage is one of the oldest, most widely used, and most effective ways to lighten dark skin. You can use olive oil, sesame, oil, coconut oil, almond oil, or any other natural oil in its purest form.", "Mustard oil contains linoleic, erucic, and oleic acids that moisturize and brighten elbow and knee skin by helping them retain melanin pigment.", "Mint has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, and it contains essential oils that help synthesize white blood cells and collagen. It clears away scar tissue and rejuvenates skin.", "Gram flour (or chickpea flour) contain essential vitamins, minerals, and proteins, and they exfoliate the skin, removing dead skin cells and blemishes. Yogurt moisturizes and evens skin tone.", "Yogurt exfoliates the skin while its lactic acid acts as a bleaching agent. The acetic acid in vinegar also bleaches dark skin. When combined, the two even skin tone and produce a soothing effect.", "Coconut oil is rich in minerals, fatty acids, and other nutrients that nourish skin, and walnut exfoliates skin to lighten tone.", "Turmeric and honey have antiseptic properties that clear impurities from the skin. Milk acts as a bleaching agent while honey moisturizes and serves as an anti-inflammatory agent.", "Lemon juice is one of the most effective natural bleaching agents, and honey is one of the most effective natural moisturizers.", "In addition to lemons, there are many other fruits and vegetables with bleaching properties. You can slice, grate, or juice them. Massage the skin with them for 15 – 20 minutes. Try all of the following:", "Aloe Vera contains several oils that deep into the skin to heal sun damage and moisturize. It also contains anti-inflammatory properties that reduce irritation and pain.", "Buttermilk has moisturizing, bleaching, acidic, and exfoliating properties that help lighten skin. Ground oatmeal and almonds also act as exfoliating agents to clear away dead skin cells.", "Potatoes contain bleaching agents that reduce the appearance of marks on the body. When applied regularly, it will help to lighten dark elbows and knees.", "Lemon is a natural bleaching agent and sugar granules exfoliate skin. When combined, the two work to clear away dead skin cells and lighten dark skin.", "The lactic acid in milk reduces skin pigmentation, moisturizes, and clears away dead skin cells. It works more slowly than other methods.", "Coconut oil soothes and hydrates skin while acting as a natural bleaching agent. Lemon juice is also a natural bleaching agent.", "Lemon has natural anti-oxidant, bleaching, and exfoliating properties that clear away dead skin cells and lighten skin tone. Salt exfoliates while olive oil moisturizes to leave skin soft and smooth with even tone.", "Cut the toes off some old socks. Apply Vaseline to elbows and knees and wear the socks over them every night for a few weeks.", "Cut a lemon in half and squeeze while rubbing in knees and elbows. Never apply lemon juice or salt to bruised or cracked skin as it can cause burning and irritation.", "Apply moisturizers with Shea butter, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, or coconut oil after using any of the above methods and before going to bed to prevent re-darkening of skin.", "All of the above remedies will show results in 2 – 3 weeks. While results take time, they are also long-lasting. Just be patient and soon you’ll be able to wear those short skirts and sleeveless tops again.", "Have you tried any of the above methods for lightening dark knees and elbows? Do you know of others we haven’t mentioned? Share your experience with us!", "I’m from India. I have been visiting India on and off for past few years and my mom was an inspiration for me to start this site. She has a wealth of knowledge on home remedies for a large number of health problems, and we grew up in an environment where frequent visits to the doctor just wasn’t logistically or financially feasible.", "Despite this, she managed to raise a family of healthy kids, and my goal here at Home Remedies for Life is to pass on some of her knowledge of natural remedies.", "Is it okay to use all of the natural remedies together? I mean you’d use that certain remedy on monday and that remedy on tuesday etc.?", "It is really difficult to tell the exact time as everyone’s skin type is different. Be patient and repeat the application regularly.", "The baking soda and milk which is number 4 how long should one leave it on skin before washing off", "Yes. Combine the sufficient amounts of sugar and olive oil in equal quantities. Massage on the required areas until the sugar dissolves. Rinse with water and pat dry. Yes, you can use it on ankles.", "How can i reduce the darkness around my inner thighs and vaginal area. Really im soo sad because nothing worked for me.. My inner thighs which are closer to my vagina is soo dark.. Please tell me some tips to lighter", "Home | About me | Contact © Copyright 2018 Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Terms and Conditions | Affiliate Disclosure Homeremediesforlife.com does not give any medical advice. Tips and remedies specified here are strictly informational. Consult your doctor or health care expert before you try. Home Remedies for Life is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com.", "We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site, we will assume that you are happy with it.OkRead our Privacy Policy" ] }, "parsed_md": "24 DIY Home Remedies for Dark Knees and Elbows\n\nHome Remedies For Life\n\nHome\n\n/ Skin Health & Whitening\n\n/ Dark Knees and Elbows\n\n# 24 DIY Home Remedies for Dark Knees and Elbows\n\nEmbarrassed about dark knees and elbows? Stop avoiding short skirts and\nsleeveless tops! You’re about to discover 21 easy, natural, affordable ways to\nsoften and lighten knee and elbow skin so you won’t have to feel self-\nconscious anymore.\n\nThere are no oil glands in knee or elbow skin, so these areas dry out easily\nand collect dirt and impurities that are difficult to remove. Sun exposure,\nfriction, pressure, and the buildup of dead skin cells also contribute to dark\nknees and elbows.\n\nYou don’t have to spend tons of money on salon treatments to get the even skin\ntone you want. The inexpensive remedies listed below are just as effective,\nand the results are long-lasting. They combine exfoliation, bleaching, and\nmoisturizing techniques that will get rid of dark patches for good.\n\n## Home Remedies for Dark Knees and Elbow:\n\nFollow these effective home remedies to get rid of dark elbows and knees.\n\n### 1\\. Oil Massage\n\nThe oil massage is one of the oldest, most widely used, and most effective\nways to lighten dark skin. You can use olive oil, sesame, oil, coconut oil,\nalmond oil, or any other natural oil in its purest form.\n\nProcess\n\n * Massage the oil into your knees and elbows for a few minutes.\n * Leave it on for an hour.\n * Wash it off with water.\n * Repeat daily until you see results.\n\n### 2\\. Mustard Oil\n\nMustard oil contains linoleic, erucic, and oleic acids that moisturize and\nbrighten elbow and knee skin by helping them retain melanin pigment.\n\nProcess:\n\n * After a bath or shower, massage mustard oil into knees and elbows for 10-15 minutes.\n * Leave it on for a few hours, then wash it off with warm water and mild soap.\n * Wait until the oil is completely absorbed before getting dressed or it may leave stains.\n * Repeat regularly.\n\n### 3\\. Vitamin E Oil\n\nVitamin E is used to treat almost all skin problems. It evens and brightens\nskin tone.\n\nProcess:\n\n * Puncture 2-3 vitamin E oil capsules to extract the oil.\n * Massage the oil into knees and elbows until it is completely absorbed.\n * Repeat regularly for a few weeks.\n\n### 4\\. Baking Soda and Milk\n\nBaking soda exfoliates the skin and scrubs away dead skin cells while milk\nbleaches and cleanses the skin.\n\nProcess:\n\n * Mix one tablespoon of baking soda into milk to make a thick paste.\n * Apply to knees and elbows, scrubbing gently in circles.\n * Wash off with water.\n * Repeat daily or every other day.\n * Once you see results, reduce to once a week.\n\n### 5\\. Onion and Garlic\n\nOnions and garlic contain essential minerals and oils that will lighten skin.\n\nIngredients:\n\n * 1 clove garlic\n * 1 onion\n * Lemon Juice\n * Rosewater\n * Glycerin\n * Mild soap\n * Grating tool\n\nProcess:\n\n * Peel your garlic and your onion.\n * Grate garlic and onion into small chunks.\n * Mix them together and rub them on dark knees and elbows for 10-15 minutes.\n * Wash off with water and mild soap.\n * Mix 1 part glycerin, 1 part lemon juice, and 2 parts rosewater.\n * Apply to dark skin.\n * Repeat regularly.\n\n### 6\\. Mint and Lemon Juice\n\nMint has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, and it contains\nessential oils that help synthesize white blood cells and collagen. It clears\naway scar tissue and rejuvenates skin.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Bring 1⁄2 cup of water to a boil.\n 2. Add handful of mint leaves and boil for a few more minutes.\n 3. Squeeze half lemon juice into the water.\n 4. Turn off heat and let cool a few minutes.\n 5. Use a cotton ball to apply to knees and elbows.\n 6. Leave on 10-15 minutes, then rinse with warm water.\n 7. Repeat regularly.\n\n### 7\\. Gram Flour\n\nGram flour (or chickpea flour) contain essential vitamins, minerals, and\nproteins, and they exfoliate the skin, removing dead skin cells and blemishes.\nYogurt moisturizes and evens skin tone.\n\nProcess 1: Gram Flour and Yogurt\n\n 1. Mix 2 tablespoons of gram flour with yogurt to make a paste.\n 2. Apply to knees and elbows and leave on 15-20 minutes.\n 3. Massage in circles for another 5-10 minutes.\n 4. Repeat regularly.\n 5. Note: for dry skin, replace yogurt with fresh cream. For oily skin, replace it with milk.\n\nProcess 2: Gram Flour and Lemon Juice\n\n 1. Mix equal quantities gram flour and lemon juice to make a paste.\n 2. Massage into knees and elbows and leave on for a few minutes.\n 3. Wash off with water.\n 4. Repeat regularly.\n 5. Note: This method shows instant results.\n\nProcess 3: Gram Flour, Turmeric, and Milk\n\nIngredients:\n\n * 1⁄2 cup gram flour\n * 1⁄2 teaspoon turmeric powder\n * High fat milk\n\nInstructions:\n\n 1. Boil high fat milk until it is thick and clotted.\n 2. Add turmeric and gram powder, blend into a paste.\n 3. Massage into knees and elbows, rubbing in circles.\n 4. Leave on 10-15 minutes.\n 5. Wash off with water.\n\n### 8\\. Chickpea Flour, Turmeric, Milk, and Lemon Juice\n\nIngredients:\n\n * 2 heaps chickpea flour\n * 1 tablespoon turmeric powder\n * 2 tablespoons milk\n * 1 teaspoon lemon juice\n * Rosewater\n\nInstructions:\n\n 1. In a bowl, mix chickpea powder, turmeric powder, lemon juice, and milks to make a paste.\n 2. Apply to knees and elbows and let dry.\n 3. Wash off with water and mild soap and pat dry.\n 4. Apply rosewater and leave on.\n 5. Repeat twice a week.\n\n9\\. Olive Oil and Sugar\n\nThis simple, effective combination exfoliates and moisturizes the skin to\nbrighten dark patches.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Mix equal quantities warm olive oil and sugar to make a paste.\n 2. Rub into knees and elbows until sugar granules shrink and dissolve.\n 3. This will take 5-10 minutes.\n 4. Wash off with water and mild soap.\n 5. Repeat daily until you see results, then weekly to maintain lighter skin tone.\n\n### 10\\. Yogurt and Almond\n\nYogurt moisturizes and evens skin tone while almond oil exfoliates to lighten\ndark knees and elbows.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Grind 8-10 almonds until coarse but not powdered.\n 2. Mix with 2 tablespoons yogurt to make a paste.\n 3. Using wet fingertips, apply to knees and elbows, rubbing in circles.\n 4. Leave on 15-20 minutes or until dry.\n 5. Wash off with water.\n 6. Repeat 1-2 times weekly.\n\n### 11\\. Yogurt and Vinegar\n\nYogurt exfoliates the skin while its lactic acid acts as a bleaching agent.\nThe acetic acid in vinegar also bleaches dark skin. When combined, the two\neven skin tone and produce a soothing effect.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Mix 1 tablespoon yogurt and 1 teaspoon vinegar to make a paste.\n 2. Apply to knees and elbows and leave on 20-30 minutes.\n 3. Wash off with water.\n 4. Repeat daily.\n\n### 12\\. Coconut Oil and Walnut\n\nCoconut oil is rich in minerals, fatty acids, and other nutrients that nourish\nskin, and walnut exfoliates skin to lighten tone.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Grind 3-5 walnuts until coarse but not powdered.\n 2. Mix with 1 tablespoon coconut oil to make a paste.\n 3. Massage into knees and elbows, rubbing in circles for 10-15 minutes.\n 4. Wash off with warm water.\n 5. Repeat regularly.\n\n### 13\\. Turmeric\n\nTurmeric and honey have antiseptic properties that clear impurities from the\nskin. Milk acts as a bleaching agent while honey moisturizes and serves as an\nanti-inflammatory agent.\n\nProcess 1: Turmeric, Honey, and Milk\n\n 1. Mix milk, honey, and turmeric powder to make a paste.\n 2. Apply to knees and elbows and leave on 20 minutes.\n 3. With wet fingers, massage gently for 2 minutes.\n 4. Rinse with water.\n 5. Repeat regularly.\n\nProcess 2: Turmeric and Milk\n\n 1. Mix milk cream and turmeric powder to make a paste.\n 2. Massage into elbows and knees, then leave on 15-20 minutes.\n 3. Scrub gently while washing off.\n 4. Repeat regularly.\n\nProcess 3: Turmeric and Sandalwood\n\n 1. Mix turmeric powder, sandalwood powder, and rosewater to make a paste.\n 2. Apply to knees and elbows.\n 3. Repeat regularly until you see results.\n\n### 14\\. Lemon and Honey\n\nLemon juice is one of the most effective natural bleaching agents, and honey\nis one of the most effective natural moisturizers.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Mix 1 tablespoon honey with the juice of one lemon.\n 2. Apply to knees and elbows, leave on 15-20 minutes, wash off with water.\n 3. Repeat daily for one week, then gradually decrease usage.\n\n### 15\\. Bleaching Fruits and Vegetables\n\nIn addition to lemons, there are many other fruits and vegetables with\nbleaching properties. You can slice, grate, or juice them. Massage the skin\nwith them for 15 – 20 minutes. Try all of the following:\n\n * Oranges\n * Cucumber\n * Grapes\n * Tomatoes\n * Potatoes\n\n### 16\\. Aloe Vera\n\nAloe Vera contains several oils that deep into the skin to heal sun damage and\nmoisturize. It also contains anti-inflammatory properties that reduce\nirritation and pain.\n\nProcess 1: Aloe Vera Gel or Juice\n\n 1. Cut the edges off your fresh Aloe Vera leaf and squeeze to extract gel.\n 2. Apply to knees and elbows and leave on 30-45 minutes.\n 3. Or juice the gel and apply it.\n 4. Wash off with water.\n\nProcess 2: Aloe Vera and Honey\n\nHoney is a natural moisturizer, and when combined with Aloe Vera, it heals and\nlightens skin.\n\n 1. Mix equal parts fresh Aloe Vera gel and organic honey.\n 2. Massage into knees and elbows and leave on 15-20 minutes.\n 3. Wash off with soap and water.\n 4. Repeat regularly.\n\n### 17\\. Buttermilk, Oatmeal, and Almonds\n\nButtermilk has moisturizing, bleaching, acidic, and exfoliating properties\nthat help lighten skin. Ground oatmeal and almonds also act as exfoliating\nagents to clear away dead skin cells.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Grind oatmeal and almonds.\n 2. Combine oatmeal and almonds with buttermilk to make a paste.\n 3. Massage into knees and elbows, rubbing in circles.\n 4. Leave on 10-15 minutes.\n 5. Wash off with water.\n 6. Repeat once a week for 2-3 months.\n\n### 18\\. Butter\n\nCocoa butter and Shea butter contain natural fats that moisturize and lighten\nskin.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Massage cocoa or shea butter into knees and elbows until completely absorbed.\n 2. Leave on a few hours, then wash off with water.\n 3. Do this before bed and leave on all night for best results.\n\n### 19\\. Potatoes\n\nPotatoes contain bleaching agents that reduce the appearance of marks on the\nbody. When applied regularly, it will help to lighten dark elbows and knees.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Cook potatoes.\n 2. Mash in a bowl and mix with yogurt to make a paste.\n 3. Apply to knees and elbows and leave on 20-30 minutes.\n 4. Wash off with water.\n 5. Repeat regularly.\n\n### 20\\. Papaya\n\nPapaya contains many natural properties that helps to lighten and moisturize\nskin.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Cut a papaya into slices.\n 2. Mash a few slices with water to make a paste.\n 3. Apply to knees and elbows and leave on 10 minutes.\n 4. Wash off with water.\n 5. Store remaining papaya in refrigerator for future use.\n 6. Repeat every other day for a few weeks.\n\n### 21\\. Lemon and Sugar\n\nLemon is a natural bleaching agent and sugar granules exfoliate skin. When\ncombined, the two work to clear away dead skin cells and lighten dark skin.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Mix equal parts lemon juice and sugar.\n 2. Apply to skin, rubbing in circles for few minutes.\n 3. Wash off with soap and water.\n 4. Note: Regular use may cause skin to feel sticky.\n\n### 22\\. Milk\n\nThe lactic acid in milk reduces skin pigmentation, moisturizes, and clears\naway dead skin cells. It works more slowly than other methods.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Use a cotton ball to apply full fat milk to knees and elbows.\n 2. Let it absorb completely into the skin.\n 3. Repeat every day.\n\n23\\. Coconut Oil and Lemon Juice\n\nCoconut oil soothes and hydrates skin while acting as a natural bleaching\nagent. Lemon juice is also a natural bleaching agent.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Mix 1 teaspoon coconut oil with 1⁄2 teaspoon lemon juice.\n 2. Apply to knees and elbows and leave on 15-30 minutes.\n 3. Wipe off excess oil with paper towels.\n 4. Repeat regularly.\n\n24\\. Lemon, Olive Oil, and Salt\n\nLemon has natural anti-oxidant, bleaching, and exfoliating properties that\nclear away dead skin cells and lighten skin tone. Salt exfoliates while olive\noil moisturizes to leave skin soft and smooth with even tone.\n\nProcess:\n\n 1. Mix 1 tablespoon olive oil, 2 tablespoons lemon juice, and 1⁄2 cup sea or table salt.\n 2. Massage into knees and elbows and leave on 10-15 minutes.\n 3. Wash off with soap and water.\n 4. Repeat daily.\n 5. Remember to moisturize as lemon juice can dry out skin.\n\n## Tips for Preventing Dark Elbows and Knees\n\n * Use sunscreen regularly.\n * Apply moisturizers after showers to reduce dryness and friction.\n * Rub knees and elbows with a pumice stone to remove dead skin cells.\n * Use an exfoliating brush or loofa in the shower.\n * Apply olive oil before bed and leave on overnight to soften and bleach skin.\n * Cut the toes off some old socks. Apply Vaseline to elbows and knees and wear the socks over them every night for a few weeks.\n * Cut a lemon in half and squeeze while rubbing in knees and elbows. Never apply lemon juice or salt to bruised or cracked skin as it can cause burning and irritation.\n * Rub a cucumber slice on elbows and knees regularly.\n * Apply moisturizers with Shea butter, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, or coconut oil after using any of the above methods and before going to bed to prevent re-darkening of skin.\n * Don’t scrub excessively, as this causes skin to produce extra cells. Scrub gently 2-3 times weekly.\n * Always use natural bleaching agents rather than chemicals.\n * Drink plenty of water to detoxify the body and promote good health.\n * Limit your intake of sugar, breads, cereals, energy drinks, soft drinks, caffeine and other processed foods.\n * Don’t lean on knees and elbows. The strain encourages darkening of skin.\n * Always keep knees and elbows covered to restore moisture and prevent rubbing.\n * Test each remedy once to make sure you’re not allergic to any ingredients.\n * If the above methods are ineffective, ask your doctor to prescribe skin bleaching lotion.\n\nAll of the above remedies will show results in 2 – 3 weeks. While results take\ntime, they are also long-lasting. Just be patient and soon you’ll be able to\nwear those short skirts and sleeveless tops again.\n\nHave you tried any of the above methods for lightening dark knees and elbows?\nDo you know of others we haven’t mentioned? Share your experience with us!\n\nRajee Datti\n\nHi everyone, this is Rajee!\n\nI live the beautiful city of Baltimore, where my husband works.\n\nI’m from India. I have been visiting India on and off for past few years and\nmy mom was an inspiration for me to start this site. She has a wealth of\nknowledge on home remedies for a large number of health problems, and we grew\nup in an environment where frequent visits to the doctor just wasn’t\nlogistically or financially feasible.\n\nDespite this, she managed to raise a family of healthy kids, and my goal here\nat Home Remedies for Life is to pass on some of her knowledge of natural\nremedies.\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Erika says\n\nMarch 30, 2016 at 6:36 pm\n\nIs it okay to use all of the natural remedies together? I mean you’d use that\ncertain remedy on monday and that remedy on tuesday etc.?\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nJune 28, 2016 at 4:44 pm\n\nYes you can try.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Chris says\n\nJuly 5, 2016 at 5:49 pm\n\nWhich one works the fastest and how long will that take maximum?\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nJuly 6, 2016 at 5:22 pm\n\nIt is really difficult to tell the exact time as everyone’s skin type is\ndifferent. Be patient and repeat the application regularly.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Sab says\n\nJuly 13, 2016 at 8:52 pm\n\nCan these techniques be used for dark underarms or ankles as well?\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nAugust 3, 2016 at 2:41 pm\n\nYes, you can use for dark underarms and ankles as well.\n\nReply\n\n 4. akpos says\n\nSeptember 4, 2016 at 5:54 pm\n\nThe baking soda and milk which is number 4 how long should one leave it on\nskin before washing off\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nSeptember 6, 2016 at 3:27 pm\n\nLeave the application for 15 – 20 minutes before rinsing off.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Joyce says\n\nApril 7, 2017 at 8:23 am\n\nIn the milk and baking soda mixture can i use water istead of milk?\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nApril 8, 2017 at 11:26 am\n\nYes, you can use water instead of milk.\n\nReply\n\n 6. kaith says\n\nApril 26, 2017 at 9:56 am\n\nno.9 sugar and olive oil, do i apply the whole thing? and can use it on my\nankles?\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nApril 28, 2017 at 6:34 am\n\nYes. Combine the sufficient amounts of sugar and olive oil in equal\nquantities. Massage on the required areas until the sugar dissolves. Rinse\nwith water and pat dry. Yes, you can use it on ankles.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Martins says\n\nApril 27, 2017 at 7:44 am\n\nPls can I add water to d baking soda and milk\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nApril 28, 2017 at 6:31 am\n\nYes, you can.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Patience says\n\nMay 1, 2017 at 8:37 am\n\nCan any of this remedy be refrigerated if not finished, for reuse next time?\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nMay 5, 2017 at 5:01 am\n\nYes, you can refrigerate the leftover mixture for few days.\n\nReply\n\n 9. alex sam says\n\nJuly 16, 2017 at 10:53 pm\n\ncan i combine turmeric and baking soda. can i also use it everyday for my knee\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nJuly 17, 2017 at 4:59 am\n\nYes, you can. Try it and share your experience.\n\nReply\n\n 10. CT says\n\nAugust 1, 2017 at 10:12 pm\n\nIn baking soda and milk, what kind of milk do we use?\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nAugust 2, 2017 at 1:53 pm\n\nYou can use raw milk (goat or cow) for effective results.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Jenny says\n\nAugust 6, 2017 at 4:21 pm\n\nIs it ok if I use coconut oil instead of olive oil\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nAugust 9, 2017 at 9:22 am\n\nYou can use coconut oil instead of olive oil.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Joy says\n\nAugust 20, 2017 at 5:39 am\n\nIs it ok to use lime instead of lemon.\n\nReply\n\n * Admin says\n\nAugust 22, 2017 at 5:45 am\n\nYes, it is ok to use lime instead of lemon.\n\nReply\n\n 13. shekret says\n\nOctober 7, 2017 at 6:17 am\n\nIs it really effective? Can I use it to get rid of my acne/scar and pores?\n\nReply\n\n 14. Ritu says\n\nDecember 10, 2017 at 3:30 pm\n\nDoes it really works?Do I have to pay it daily?\n\nReply\n\n 15. Ritu says\n\nDecember 10, 2017 at 3:31 pm\n\nDoes it really works?Do I have to apply\n\nit daily?\n\nReply\n\n 16. Alisha says\n\nDecember 12, 2017 at 1:36 pm\n\ncan I use hatsun curd for skin???\n\nReply\n\n 17. Pearl says\n\nDecember 14, 2017 at 2:54 pm\n\nCan I just combine honey and tumeric only, i dont want to make use of milk\n\nReply\n\n 18. Aisha says\n\nJanuary 12, 2018 at 3:18 pm\n\nCan I use arokya milk for skin without Boiling\n\nReply\n\n 19. Novel Alfeche says\n\nApril 10, 2018 at 10:45 am\n\nIs it okay to use toothpaste to whiten our knees and elbows?\n\nReply\n\n 20. Jane says\n\nMay 13, 2018 at 4:43 am\n\nHow can i reduce the darkness around my inner thighs and vaginal area. Really\nim soo sad because nothing worked for me.. My inner thighs which are closer to\nmy vagina is soo dark.. Please tell me some tips to lighter\n\nReply\n\n### Ask a Question Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### Latest Posts\n\n## How to Repel Squirrels Naturally (With Natural Cat Litter?)\n\n## How to Safely Find Food and Alternative Medicine in Nature\n\n## Top Women’s Health Bloggers to Follow in 2019\n\n## 6 Best Probiotic Supplements During Pregnancy (2019 Reviews)\n\n## 9 DIY Home Remedies for Weight Loss Using Aloe Vera\n\nHome | About me | Contact © Copyright 2018 Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Terms\nand Conditions | Affiliate Disclosure Homeremediesforlife.com does not give\nany medical advice. Tips and remedies specified here are strictly\ninformational. Consult your doctor or health care expert before you try. Home\nRemedies for Life is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\nsites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com.\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nIf you continue to use this site, we will assume that you are happy with\nit.OkRead our Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/how-to-moisturize-your-skin", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210816020007/https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/how-to-moisturize-your-skin", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to moisturize your skin", "passages": [ "Dry skin occurs when skin doesn't retain sufficient moisture. This can happen as a result of frequent bathing, use of harsh soaps, aging, or certain medical conditions. And for those in colder climates, it can stem from cold, dry winter air.", "However, you don't have to accept rough, flaking skin as a foregone consequence of aging or the climate; there are a number of ways to treat dry skin. Moisturizers are at the top of the list. \"Think of moisturizers as putting a barrier between your skin and the cold, dry air,\" says Dr. Kenneth Arndt, professor of dermatology at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Arndt is the faculty editor for the Harvard Medical School Special Health Report Skin Care and Repair.", "Moisturizers, which rehydrate the top layer of skin cells and seal in the water, are one of the best ways to treat dry skin. They contain three main types of ingredients:", "Emollients. These products contain oil, water, and an emulsifier to keep the two from separating. They are lighter and easier to apply than petrolatum or oils. Many commercial moisturizers contain both an emollient and a humectant, such as linoleic, linolenic, and lauric acids.", "In general, the thicker and greasier a product, the more effectively it will moisturize your skin. Some of the most effective and least expensive are petroleum jelly and its vegetable-based alternatives, and moisturizing oils, including vegetable oils. Because they contain no water, they're best used while the skin is still damp from bathing, to seal in the moisture.", "Lotions designed to moisturize your skin contain water as well as oil, in varying proportions. They usually include both humectants and emollients and can be applied to skin throughout the day.", "Moisturizers are the first, but not the only ways to treat dry skin. It can also help to do the following:", "Use a humidifier in the winter. Set it to around 60%, a level that should be sufficient to moisturize your skin.", "Keep showers short. Limit yourself to one 5- to 10-minute bath or shower daily. If you bathe more than that, you may strip away much of the skin's oily layer and cause it to lose moisture. Use lukewarm rather than hot water, which can wash away natural oils.", "Minimize your use of soaps. Consider soap-free cleansers. Steer clear of deodorant soaps, perfumed soaps, and alcohol products, which can strip away natural oils. Use fragrance-free laundry detergents and avoid fabric softeners, too.", "Be gentle to your skin. Stay away from bath sponges, scrub brushes, and rough washcloths. For the same reason, pat or blot (don't rub) the skin when toweling dry.", "Don't scratch. Most of the time, a moisturizer can control the itch. You can also use a cold pack or compress to relieve itchy spots.", "Prune your wardrobe. If you find that clothing containing wool, acrylics, or other fabrics irritates your skin, give those garments away.", "As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.", "The Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness, is yours absolutely FREE when you sign up to receive Health Alerts from Harvard Medical School", "Sign up to get tips for living a healthy lifestyle, with ways to fight inflammation and improve cognitive health, plus the latest advances in preventative medicine, diet and exercise, pain relief, blood pressure and cholesterol management, and more.", "Get helpful tips and guidance for everything from fighting inflammation to finding the best diets for weight loss...from exercises to build a stronger core to advice on treating cataracts. PLUS, the latest news on medical advances and breakthroughs from Harvard Medical School experts." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to moisturize your skin - Harvard Health\n\nHarvard Health Publishing\n\n## Recent Blog Articles\n\nAir pollution: How to reduce harm to your health\n\nAortic stenosis: Do health disparities affect treatment?\n\nThe endocannabinoid system: Essential and mysterious\n\nBugs are biting: Safety precautions for children\n\nTime to hire a caregiver? 3 tips to help\n\nExtreme heat: Staying safe if you have health issues\n\nTick season is expanding: Protect yourself against Lyme disease\n\nHeart disease risk: Partnering on lifestyle change can help\n\nCan wearing contacts harm your vision?\n\nVegan and paleo: Pluses and minuses to watch\n\n# How to moisturize your skin\n\nOctober 25, 2016\n\n## Ever-growing array of products to moisturize your skin increasing ways to\ntreat dry skin\n\nDry skin occurs when skin doesn't retain sufficient moisture. This can happen\nas a result of frequent bathing, use of harsh soaps, aging, or certain medical\nconditions. And for those in colder climates, it can stem from cold, dry\nwinter air.\n\nHowever, you don't have to accept rough, flaking skin as a foregone\nconsequence of aging or the climate; there are a number of ways to treat dry\nskin. Moisturizers are at the top of the list. \"Think of moisturizers as\nputting a barrier between your skin and the cold, dry air,\" says Dr. Kenneth\nArndt, professor of dermatology at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Arndt is the\nfaculty editor for the Harvard Medical School Special Health Report Skin Care\nand Repair.\n\n## The ingredients that can moisturize your skin\n\nMoisturizers, which rehydrate the top layer of skin cells and seal in the\nwater, are one of the best ways to treat dry skin. They contain three main\ntypes of ingredients:\n\n 1. Humectants. These substances help attract moisture. They include ceramides (pronounced ser-A-mids), glycerin, sorbitol, hyaluronic acid, and lecithin.\n 2. Occlusives. These ingredients —including petrolatum (petroleum jelly), silicone, lanolin, and various oils—help seal moisture within the skin.\n 3. Emollients. These products contain oil, water, and an emulsifier to keep the two from separating. They are lighter and easier to apply than petrolatum or oils. Many commercial moisturizers contain both an emollient and a humectant, such as linoleic, linolenic, and lauric acids.\n\nIn general, the thicker and greasier a product, the more effectively it will\nmoisturize your skin. Some of the most effective and least expensive are\npetroleum jelly and its vegetable-based alternatives, and moisturizing oils,\nincluding vegetable oils. Because they contain no water, they're best used\nwhile the skin is still damp from bathing, to seal in the moisture.\n\nLotions designed to moisturize your skin contain water as well as oil, in\nvarying proportions. They usually include both humectants and emollients and\ncan be applied to skin throughout the day.\n\n## What else can you do to moisturize your skin?\n\nMoisturizers are the first, but not the only ways to treat dry skin. It can\nalso help to do the following:\n\n * Use a humidifier in the winter. Set it to around 60%, a level that should be sufficient to moisturize your skin.\n * Keep showers short. Limit yourself to one 5- to 10-minute bath or shower daily. If you bathe more than that, you may strip away much of the skin's oily layer and cause it to lose moisture. Use lukewarm rather than hot water, which can wash away natural oils.\n * Minimize your use of soaps. Consider soap-free cleansers. Steer clear of deodorant soaps, perfumed soaps, and alcohol products, which can strip away natural oils. Use fragrance-free laundry detergents and avoid fabric softeners, too.\n * Be gentle to your skin. Stay away from bath sponges, scrub brushes, and rough washcloths. For the same reason, pat or blot (don't rub) the skin when toweling dry.\n * Don't scratch. Most of the time, a moisturizer can control the itch. You can also use a cold pack or compress to relieve itchy spots.\n * Prune your wardrobe. If you find that clothing containing wool, acrylics, or other fabrics irritates your skin, give those garments away.\n\n– By Beverly Merz Executive Editor, Harvard Women's Health Watch\n\nImage: © HongChan001 | Dreamstime.com\n\nShare This Page Share this page to Facebook Share this page to Twitter Share\nthis page via Email\n\nPrint This Page\n\n## Disclaimer:\n\nAs a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our\nlibrary of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on\nall articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used\nas a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified\nclinician.\n\nStaying Healthy\n\n## Air pollution: How to reduce harm to your health\n\nStaying Healthy\n\n## The endocannabinoid system: Essential and mysterious\n\nChildren's Health\n\n## Bugs are biting: Safety precautions for children\n\n## Footer\n\nHarvard Health Publishing\n\nFacebook Twitter Linkedin YouTube\n\n### My Account\n\n * Customer Service\n * Log in\n\n### Order Now\n\n * Online Learning Courses\n * Digital Subscriptions\n * Special Health Reports\n * Print Subscriptions\n\n### More\n\n * About Us\n * Permissions\n * Licensing\n * Topics\n\n© 2021 by The President and Fellows of Harvard College\n\nDo not sell my personal information | Privacy Policy\n\nThanks for visiting. Don't miss your FREE gift.\n\nThe Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness, is yours absolutely FREE when you sign\nup to receive Health Alerts from Harvard Medical School\n\nSign up to get tips for living a healthy lifestyle, with ways to fight\ninflammation and improve cognitive health, plus the latest advances in\npreventative medicine, diet and exercise, pain relief, blood pressure and\ncholesterol management, and more.\n\nHealth Alerts from Harvard Medical School\n\nGet helpful tips and guidance for everything from fighting inflammation to\nfinding the best diets for weight loss...from exercises to build a stronger\ncore to advice on treating cataracts. PLUS, the latest news on medical\nadvances and breakthroughs from Harvard Medical School experts.\n\nBONUS! Sign up now and get a FREE copy of the Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness\n\nStay on top of latest health news from Harvard Medical School.\n\nPlus, get a FREE copy of the Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness.\n\n" } ]
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How To Increase Mental Strength
To boost your mind power, start by reading as much as possible. Lots of reading will not only increase your knowledge base, but can even make you more empathetic! You can also work out your mental muscles by learning something new every week. If you want to improve your social intelligence as well as your book smarts, spend time with other people as much as you can. Additionally, you can keep your mind as strong as possible by getting out of your comfort zone and doing things that challenge you.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20190406141353/https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/09/science-tells-you-how-many-minutes-should-you-take-a-break-for-work-17/380369/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160604153241/http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/mental-stamina?page=1", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181225171546/https://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/12/exercise.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190217133703/https://lifehacker.com/the-science-of-practice-what-happens-when-you-learn-a-510255025", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190110051825/https://newforums.com/crossword-puzzles-creativity/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190201114846/https://www.raisesmartkid.com/3-to-6-years-old/4-articles/34-the-good-and-bad-effects-of-video-games", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190512103829/https://www.pri.org/stories/2014-09-18/your-paper-brain-and-your-kindle-brain-arent-same-thing", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190321094948/http://www.buffalo.edu/news/releases/2014/06/037.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190428092439/https://www.k-state.edu/counseling/topics/career/concentr.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190414202604/https://theweek.com/articles/459157/chronic-multitasking-makes-worse-everything" ]
train
572
[ { "original_url": "https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/09/science-tells-you-how-many-minutes-should-you-take-a-break-for-work-17/380369/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190406141353/https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/09/science-tells-you-how-many-minutes-should-you-take-a-break-for-work-17/380369/", "parsed_text": { "title": "A Formula for Perfect Productivity: Work for 52 Minutes, Break for 17", "passages": [ "Clicking through photos of cute small animals at work? That's not silly procrastination, Hiroshima University researchers said. Looking at adorable pictures of kittens rolling helplessly in balls of yarn heightens our focus, and the \"tenderness elicited by cute images\" improves our motor function on the computer.", "Going on long vacations? You're not running away from your responsibilities. Studies show that long breaks from the office reboot your cognitive energy to solve big problems with the mental dexterity they deserve.", "Working from home? Shut down your boss's rude accusations that you're too slothful to put on a pair of pants in the morning by handing him this 2013 study of Chinese call-center employees, which found that \"tele-commuting\" improved company performance. (Actually, don't hand it to him. That would require going into the office.)", "The scientific observation underlying these nearly-too-good-to-be-true findings is that the brain is a muscle that, like every muscle, tires from repeated stress. Many of us have a cultural image of industriousness that includes first-in-last-out workers, all-nighters, and marathon work sessions. Indeed, there are many perfectly productive people that go to the office early, leave late, and never seem to stop working. But the truth about productivity for the rest of us is that more hours doesn't mean better work. Rather, like a runner starting to flag after a few miles, our ability to perform tasks has diminishing returns over time. We need breaks strategically served between our work sessions.", "DeskTime, a productivity app that tracks employees' computer use, peeked into its data to study the behavior of its most productive workers. The highest- performing 10 percent tended to work for 52 consecutive minutes followed by a 17-minute break. Those 17 minutes were often spent away from the computer, said Julia Gifford at The Muse, by talking a walk, doing exercises, or talking to coworkers.", "Telling people to focus for 52 consecutive minutes and then to immediately abandon their desks for exactly 1,020 seconds might strike you as goofy advice. But this isn't the first observational study to show that short breaks correlate with higher productivity. In 1999, Cornell University's Ergonomics Research Laboratory used a computer program to remind workers to take short breaks. The project concluded that \"workers receiving the alerts [reminding them to stop working] were 13 percent more accurate on average in their work than coworkers who were not reminded.\"", "It seems unlikely that there is one number representing the ideal amount of time for every employee in every industry to break from work. Rather than set your stop-watch for 17:00 when you get up from your desk, the more important reminder might be to get up, at all. Indeed, the most productive employees don't necessarily work the longest hours. Instead, they take the smartest approach to managing their energy to solve tasks in efficient and creative ways.", "Perhaps managing our office energy is a lost art. In the mid-1920s, an executive in Michigan studying the productivity of his factory workers realized that his employees' efficiency was plummeting when they worked too many hours in a day or too many days in a week. He instituted new rules, including an eight-hour work day and a five-day work week. \"We know from our experience in changing from six to five days and back again that we can get at least as great production in five days as we can in six,\" he said. \"Just as the eight hour day opened our way to prosperity, so the five day week will open our way to a still greater prosperity.\"", "That company turned out to be one of the most profitable companies of the mid- twentieth century, and the boss at its helm is remembered as one of the most talented executives in American history. His name was Henry Ford.", "We want to hear what you think about this article. Submit a letter to the editor or write to letters@theatlantic.com.", "Derek Thompson is a staff writer at The Atlantic, where he writes about economics, labor markets, and the media. He is the author of Hit Makers." ] }, "parsed_md": "A Formula for Perfect Productivity: Work for 52 Minutes, Break for 17 - The\nAtlantic\n\nBusiness\n\n# A Formula for Perfect Productivity: Work for 52 Minutes, Break for 17\n\nFinally, social scientists suggest a precise time for mid-afternoon coffee\nruns.\n\nDerek Thompson\n\nSep 17, 2014\n\nAdnan Abidi/Reuters\n\nSometimes, productivity science seems like an organized conspiracy to justify\nlaziness.\n\nClicking through photos of cute small animals at work? That's not silly\nprocrastination, Hiroshima University researchers said. Looking at adorable\npictures of kittens rolling helplessly in balls of yarn heightens our focus,\nand the \"tenderness elicited by cute images\" improves our motor function on\nthe computer.\n\nGoing on long vacations? You're not running away from your responsibilities.\nStudies show that long breaks from the office reboot your cognitive energy to\nsolve big problems with the mental dexterity they deserve.\n\nWorking from home? Shut down your boss's rude accusations that you're too\nslothful to put on a pair of pants in the morning by handing him this 2013\nstudy of Chinese call-center employees, which found that \"tele-commuting\"\nimproved company performance. (Actually, don't hand it to him. That would\nrequire going into the office.)\n\nThe scientific observation underlying these nearly-too-good-to-be-true\nfindings is that the brain is a muscle that, like every muscle, tires from\nrepeated stress. Many of us have a cultural image of industriousness that\nincludes first-in-last-out workers, all-nighters, and marathon work sessions.\nIndeed, there are many perfectly productive people that go to the office\nearly, leave late, and never seem to stop working. But the truth about\nproductivity for the rest of us is that more hours doesn't mean better work.\nRather, like a runner starting to flag after a few miles, our ability to\nperform tasks has diminishing returns over time. We need breaks strategically\nserved between our work sessions.\n\nSo what's the perfect length for a break? Seventeen minutes, according to an\nexperiment released this week.\n\nDeskTime, a productivity app that tracks employees' computer use, peeked into\nits data to study the behavior of its most productive workers. The highest-\nperforming 10 percent tended to work for 52 consecutive minutes followed by a\n17-minute break. Those 17 minutes were often spent away from the computer,\nsaid Julia Gifford at The Muse, by talking a walk, doing exercises, or talking\nto coworkers.\n\nTelling people to focus for 52 consecutive minutes and then to immediately\nabandon their desks for exactly 1,020 seconds might strike you as goofy\nadvice. But this isn't the first observational study to show that short breaks\ncorrelate with higher productivity. In 1999, Cornell University's Ergonomics\nResearch Laboratory used a computer program to remind workers to take short\nbreaks. The project concluded that \"workers receiving the alerts [reminding\nthem to stop working] were 13 percent more accurate on average in their work\nthan coworkers who were not reminded.\"\n\nIt seems unlikely that there is one number representing the ideal amount of\ntime for every employee in every industry to break from work. Rather than set\nyour stop-watch for 17:00 when you get up from your desk, the more important\nreminder might be to get up, at all. Indeed, the most productive employees\ndon't necessarily work the longest hours. Instead, they take the smartest\napproach to managing their energy to solve tasks in efficient and creative\nways.\n\nPerhaps managing our office energy is a lost art. In the mid-1920s, an\nexecutive in Michigan studying the productivity of his factory workers\nrealized that his employees' efficiency was plummeting when they worked too\nmany hours in a day or too many days in a week. He instituted new rules,\nincluding an eight-hour work day and a five-day work week. \"We know from our\nexperience in changing from six to five days and back again that we can get at\nleast as great production in five days as we can in six,\" he said. \"Just as\nthe eight hour day opened our way to prosperity, so the five day week will\nopen our way to a still greater prosperity.\"\n\nThat company turned out to be one of the most profitable companies of the mid-\ntwentieth century, and the boss at its helm is remembered as one of the most\ntalented executives in American history. His name was Henry Ford.\n\nWe want to hear what you think about this article. Submit a letter to the\neditor or write to letters@theatlantic.com.\n\nDerek Thompson is a staff writer at The Atlantic, where he writes about\neconomics, labor markets, and the media. He is the author of Hit Makers.\n\nTwitter\n\nTheAtlantic.com Copyright (c) 2019 by The Atlantic Monthly Group. All Rights\nReserved.\n\nThe Atlantic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/mental-stamina", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160604153241/http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/mental-stamina?page=1", "parsed_text": { "title": "5 Tips for Building Mental Stamina", "passages": [ "Watching the Olympics, we're all awed by the athletes' bodies -- the perfect physiques of gods and goddesses. But one of their greatest assets is something you can't see -- their mental stamina.", "\"Athletes can get far on raw physical ability,\" says Robert E. Corb, PhD, a psychologist and director of the Sports Psychology Program at UCLA. \"But what separates the truly elite from the rest is that they know how to use their minds.\"", "You can build up mental stamina with training, just like physical strength, experts say. It also has many uses. \"Mental stamina skills aren't only for athletes,\" Corb says. They can help musicians, actors, writers, or anyone who needs to perform, he tells WebMD.", "How can you build up your mental stamina before your next race -- or presentation at work? Here are tips for Olympic athletes and office workers alike.", "\"Self-confidence is probably the most important mental characteristic that athletes need,\" says Corb. Self-confidence doesn't just stem from physical ability. We've all seen highly-skilled athletes who lose their self-confidence and fall apart.", "How do you get more self-confidence? Corb urges people to listen to what they're saying to themselves -- maybe not even consciously. \"If you keep saying, 'I'll never be able to do this,' before a marathon, then you won't be able to do it,\" says Corb. \"If you say something enough to yourself, you'll make it true.\"", "Corb stresses that building self-confidence is a mental exercise that you can practice. Listen to what you're saying about yourself. If what you hear is negative, correct it. Consciously think more positive thoughts.", "In time, interrupting negative thoughts and replacing them with positive ones will have a real effect on your athletic performance -- and overall outlook, Corb says.", "Visualization is a common technique for handling stress. When you're overwhelmed, imagining yourself in a calm, soothing place for a few minutes can help you manage the stress. Athletes use it in other ways.", "\"Some athletes use visualization right before a game to practice mentally,\" says David Geier, MD, an orthopaedic surgeon and director of Sports Medicine at the Medical University of South Carolina. A basketball player might close his eyes and think about what a free throw will look like. A sprinter might imagine the gun going off and the first few steps. Visualization can give you a mental space to rehearse.", "Corb suggests another type of visualization. \"I tell people to visualize past achievements,\" he says. \"It's almost like a highlight reel that you play back in your mind. Focus on times you felt really good, and remember that feeling.\" It can give you a real boost, he says.", "Who has time to waste on ineffective, risky exercises? Ditch these 7 moves that may not deliver the results you want – and may even cause injury.", "Looking for a toned stomach or a better tennis game? Fabio Comana, of the American Council on Exercise, shares a few fun core moves.", "You bought a fitness device, but do you know how to use it? Tips for getting the most out of your new gadget." ] }, "parsed_md": "5 Tips for Building Mental Stamina\n\nSkip to content\n\nCheck Your Symptoms Find A Doctor\n\nSign In Sign UpSubscribe\n\n * My ProfileWelcome\n * * My Tools\n * My WebMD Pages\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\nSubscribe\n\n###### Fitness & Exercise\n\n# 5 Tips for Building Mental Stamina\n\nBy R. Morgan Griffin, Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD on July 08, 2013\n\nWebMD Feature Archive\n\nWatching the Olympics, we're all awed by the athletes' bodies -- the perfect\nphysiques of gods and goddesses. But one of their greatest assets is something\nyou can't see -- their mental stamina.\n\n\"Athletes can get far on raw physical ability,\" says Robert E. Corb, PhD, a\npsychologist and director of the Sports Psychology Program at UCLA. \"But what\nseparates the truly elite from the rest is that they know how to use their\nminds.\"\n\nYou can build up mental stamina with training, just like physical strength,\nexperts say. It also has many uses. \"Mental stamina skills aren't only for\nathletes,\" Corb says. They can help musicians, actors, writers, or anyone who\nneeds to perform, he tells WebMD.\n\nHow can you build up your mental stamina before your next race -- or\npresentation at work? Here are tips for Olympic athletes and office workers\nalike.\n\n### 1\\. Think Positively\n\n\"Self-confidence is probably the most important mental characteristic that\nathletes need,\" says Corb. Self-confidence doesn't just stem from physical\nability. We've all seen highly-skilled athletes who lose their self-confidence\nand fall apart.\n\nHow do you get more self-confidence? Corb urges people to listen to what\nthey're saying to themselves -- maybe not even consciously. \"If you keep\nsaying, 'I'll never be able to do this,' before a marathon, then you won't be\nable to do it,\" says Corb. \"If you say something enough to yourself, you'll\nmake it true.\"\n\nCorb stresses that building self-confidence is a mental exercise that you can\npractice. Listen to what you're saying about yourself. If what you hear is\nnegative, correct it. Consciously think more positive thoughts.\n\nIn time, interrupting negative thoughts and replacing them with positive ones\nwill have a real effect on your athletic performance -- and overall outlook,\nCorb says.\n\n### 2\\. Use Visualization\n\nVisualization is a common technique for handling stress. When you're\noverwhelmed, imagining yourself in a calm, soothing place for a few minutes\ncan help you manage the stress. Athletes use it in other ways.\n\n\"Some athletes use visualization right before a game to practice mentally,\"\nsays David Geier, MD, an orthopaedic surgeon and director of Sports Medicine\nat the Medical University of South Carolina. A basketball player might close\nhis eyes and think about what a free throw will look like. A sprinter might\nimagine the gun going off and the first few steps. Visualization can give you\na mental space to rehearse.\n\nCorb suggests another type of visualization. \"I tell people to visualize past\nachievements,\" he says. \"It's almost like a highlight reel that you play back\nin your mind. Focus on times you felt really good, and remember that feeling.\"\nIt can give you a real boost, he says.\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * 3\n\n### Heart Rate Calculator\n\nFind out what else your numbers say about you\n\n### You might also like\n\n * Slideshow\n\nOff-Balance Core Moves\n\n * Slideshow\n\n5 Calorie-Burning Treadmill Workouts\n\n * Video\n\nEasy 10-Minute Lower Body Workout\n\n * Slideshow\n\nThe No-Gym Workout\n\n### Recommended For You\n\n * Article\n\nPlyometrics Training\n\n * Slideshow\n\nDress Up Your Food With Condiments\n\n * Slideshow\n\n15 Pilates Moves That Get Results\n\n * Slideshow\n\nHow to Build a Better Butt\n\n * Article\n\nExercise for a Healthy Heart\n\n * Article\n\nStretching and Flexibility: 7 Tips\n\n * Slideshow\n\n7-Minute Workout\n\n * Slideshow\n\nSore Knees? Try These Exercises\n\n### Popular in Fitness & Exercise\n\n * Slideshow\n\n7 Most Effective Exercises\n\n * Slideshow\n\nTry the No-Gym Workout\n\n * Video\n\n10-Minute Sport Yoga\n\n### Related Topics\n\n * * Fitness & Exercise\n * * Exercise Benefits\n * Tips for Success\n * Get Lean\n * Get Strong\n * Fuel Your Body\n * Expert Help\n * * Weight Loss & Diet Plans\n * * Weight Loss Basics\n * Popular Diet Plans\n * Weight Loss Strategies\n * Tools and Calculators\n * Diet Support\n * * Food & Recipes\n * * Nutrition\n * Cooking Tips\n * Recipes\n * Special Diets\n * Food Resources\n * * Healthy Eating Guides\n * * Gluten-Free\n * High-Protein\n * Low-Sodium\n * Omega-3s\n * Vegetarian\n * * Related to Fitness\n * * BMI Calculator\n * Calories Burned Calculator\n * Sports Injuries A to Z\n * Workouts A to Z\n\nSee All Health Centers\n\n### Health & Fitness Guide\n\n * Exercise Benefits\n * Tips for Success\n * Get Lean\n * Get Strong\n * Fuel Your Body\n * Expert Help\n\n### Related Content\n\n * Slideshow\n\n15 Toning Pilates Moves\n\nWebMD teamed up with Alycea Ungaro to create an exciting pilates routine for\nbeginners.\n\n * Slideshow\n\n7 Risky Exercises\n\nWho has time to waste on ineffective, risky exercises? Ditch these 7 moves\nthat may not deliver the results you want – and may even cause injury.\n\n * Slideshow\n\nHow to Build a Better Butt\n\nIf you feel your 'rear view' needs a makeover, these workout moves can help\ngive you a lift.\n\n * Slideshow\n\n12 Moves for a Strong Core\n\nLooking for a toned stomach or a better tennis game? Fabio Comana, of the\nAmerican Council on Exercise, shares a few fun core moves.\n\n### Heart Rate Calculator\n\nFind out what else your numbers say about you\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n * Tool\n\nWhat's Your Fitness Type?\n\nLearn the best place for you to work out, how to overcome obstacles, and more.\n\n * Article\n\nDo You Smooch Your Pooch?\n\nMany moms and dads of four-legged friends do. Here’s what you should know\nbefore you do it.\n\n * Article\n\nThe Power of Positive Thinking\n\nThinking upbeat thoughts can help you achieve your goals. Learn how to veer\nyourself toward a sunny outlook.\n\n * Article\n\nHow to Claim Some ‘Me Time’\n\nPrioritizing time for yourself is important to staying healthy. Learn how to\nmake time and stick to it.\n\n * Article\n\nAre You Sabotaging Your Weight Loss?\n\nStop tripping yourself up. Smaller steps can keep you moving steadily forward\nand help you stick with your plan.\n\n * Article\n\nUsing a Fitness Tracker\n\nYou bought a fitness device, but do you know how to use it? 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All rights reserved. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/12/exercise.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181225171546/https://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/12/exercise.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "The exercise effect", "passages": [ "Evidence is mounting for the benefits of exercise, yet psychologists don’t often use exercise as part of their treatment arsenal. Here’s more research on why they should.", "When Jennifer Carter, PhD, counsels patients, she often suggests they walk as they talk. \"I work on a beautiful wooded campus,\" says the counseling and sport psychologist at the Center for Balanced Living in Ohio.", "Strolling through a therapy session often helps patients relax and open up, she finds. But that's not the only benefit. As immediate past president of APA's Div. 47 (Exercise and Sport Psychology), she's well aware of the mental health benefits of moving your muscles. \"I often recommend exercise for my psychotherapy clients, particularly for those who are anxious or depressed,\" she says.", "Unfortunately, graduate training programs rarely teach students how to help patients modify their exercise behavior, Carter says, and many psychologists aren't taking the reins on their own. \"I think clinical and counseling psychologists could do a better job of incorporating exercise into treatment,\" she says.", "\"Exercise is something that psychologists have been very slow to attend to,\" agrees Michael Otto, PhD, a professor of psychology at Boston University. \"People know that exercise helps physical outcomes. There is much less awareness of mental health outcomes — and much, much less ability to translate this awareness into exercise action.\"", "Researchers are still working out the details of that action: how much exercise is needed, what mechanisms are behind the boost exercise brings, and why — despite all the benefits of physical activity — it's so hard to go for that morning jog. But as evidence piles up, the exercise-mental health connection is becoming impossible to ignore.", "If you've ever gone for a run after a stressful day, chances are you felt better afterward. \"The link between exercise and mood is pretty strong,\" Otto says. \"Usually within five minutes after moderate exercise you get a mood- enhancement effect.\"", "But the effects of physical activity extend beyond the short-term. Research shows that exercise can also help alleviate long-term depression.", "Some of the evidence for that comes from broad, population-based correlation studies. \"There's good epidemiological data to suggest that active people are less depressed than inactive people. And people who were active and stopped tend to be more depressed than those who maintain or initiate an exercise program,\" says James Blumenthal, PhD, a clinical psychologist at Duke University.", "The evidence comes from experimental studies as well. Blumenthal has explored the mood-exercise connection through a series of randomized controlled trials. In one such study, he and his colleagues assigned sedentary adults with major depressive disorder to one of four groups: supervised exercise, home-based exercise, antidepressant therapy or a placebo pill. After four months of treatment, Blumenthal found, patients in the exercise and antidepressant groups had higher rates of remission than did the patients on the placebo. Exercise, he concluded, was generally comparable to antidepressants for patients with major depressive disorder (Psychosomatic Medicine, 2007).", "Blumenthal followed up with the patients one year later. The type of treatment they received during the four-month trial didn't predict remission a year later, he found. However, subjects who reported regular exercise at the one- year follow-up had lower depression scores than did their less active counterparts (Psychosomatic Medicine, 2010). \"Exercise seems not only important for treating depression, but also in preventing relapse,\" he says.", "Certainly, there are methodological challenges to researching the effects of exercise, from the identification of appropriate comparison groups to the limitations of self-reporting. Despite these challenges, a compelling body of evidence has emerged. In 2006, Otto and colleagues reviewed 11 studies investigating the effects of exercise on mental health. They determined that exercise could be a powerful intervention for clinical depression (Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 2006). Based on those findings, they concluded, clinicians should consider adding exercise to the treatment plans for their depressed patients.", "Mary de Groot, PhD, a psychologist in the department of medicine at Indiana University, is taking the research one step further, investigating the role exercise can play in a particular subset of depressed patients: those with diabetes. It's a significant problem, she says. \"Rates of clinically significant depressive symptoms and diagnoses of major depressive disorder are higher among adults with diabetes than in the general population,\" she says. And among diabetics, she adds, depression is often harder to treat and more likely to recur. The association runs both ways. People with diabetes are more likely to develop depression, and people with depression are also more likely to develop diabetes. \"A number of studies show people with both disorders are at greater risk for mortality than are people with either disorder alone,\" she says.", "Since diabetes and obesity go hand-in-hand, it seemed logical to de Groot that exercise could effectively treat both conditions. When she reviewed the literature, she was surprised to find the topic hadn't been researched. So, she launched a pilot project in which adults with diabetes and depression undertook a 12-week exercise and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention program (Diabetes, 2009). Immediately following the program, the participants who exercised showed improvements both in depression and in levels of A1C, a blood marker that reflects blood-sugar control, compared with those in a control group. She's now undertaking a larger study to further explore exercise and CBT, both alone and in combination, for treating diabetes-related depression.", "Researchers have also explored exercise as a tool for treating — and perhaps preventing — anxiety. When we're spooked or threatened, our nervous systems jump into action, setting off a cascade of reactions such as sweating, dizziness, and a racing heart. People with heightened sensitivity to anxiety respond to those sensations with fear. They're also more likely to develop panic disorder down the road, says Jasper Smits, PhD, Co-Director of the Anxiety Research and Treatment Program at Southern Methodist University in Dallas and co-author, with Otto, of the 2011 book \"Exercise for Mood and Anxiety: Proven Strategies for Overcoming Depression and Enhancing Well- being.\"", "Smits and Otto reasoned that regular workouts might help people prone to anxiety become less likely to panic when they experience those fight-or-flight sensations. After all, the body produces many of the same physical reactions — heavy perspiration, increased heart rate — in response to exercise. They tested their theory among 60 volunteers with heightened sensitivity to anxiety. Subjects who participated in a two-week exercise program showed significant improvements in anxiety sensitivity compared with a control group (Depression and Anxiety, 2008). \"Exercise in many ways is like exposure treatment,\" says Smits. \"People learn to associate the symptoms with safety instead of danger.\"", "In another study, Smits and his colleagues asked volunteers with varying levels of anxiety sensitivity to undergo a carbon-dioxide challenge test, in which they breathed CO2-enriched air. The test often triggers the same symptoms one might experience during a panic attack: increased heart and respiratory rates, dry mouth and dizziness. Unsurprisingly, people with high anxiety sensitivity were more likely to panic in response to the test. But Smits discovered that people with high anxiety sensitivity who also reported high activity levels were less likely to panic than subjects who exercised infrequently (Psychosomatic Medicine, 2011). The findings suggest that physical exercise could help to ward off panic attacks. \"Activity may be especially important for people at risk of developing anxiety disorder,\" he says.", "Smits is now investigating exercise for smoking cessation. The work builds on previous research by Bess Marcus, PhD, a psychology researcher now at the University of California San Diego, who found that vigorous exercise helped women quit smoking when it was combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy (Archives of Internal Medicine, 1999). However, a more recent study by Marcus found that the effect on smoking cessation was more limited when women engaged in only moderate exercise (Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2005).", "Therein lies the problem with prescribing exercise for mental health. Researchers don't yet have a handle on which types of exercise are most effective, how much is necessary, or even whether exercise works best in conjunction with other therapies.", "\"Mental health professionals might think exercise may be a good complement [to other therapies], and that may be true,\" says Blumenthal. \"But there's very limited data that suggests combining exercise with another treatment is better than the treatment or the exercise alone.\"", "Researchers are starting to address this question, however. Recently, Madhukar Trivedi, MD, a psychiatrist at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical College, and colleagues studied exercise as a secondary treatment for patients with major depressive disorder who hadn't achieved remission through drugs alone. They evaluated two exercise doses: One group of patients burned four kilocalories per kilogram each week, while another burned 16 kilocalories per kilogram weekly. They found both exercise protocols led to significant improvements, though the higher-dose exercise program was more effective for most patients (Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2011).", "The study also raised some intriguing questions, however. In men and women without family history of mental illness, as well as men with family history of mental illness, the higher-dose exercise treatment proved more effective. But among women with a family history of mental illness, the lower exercise dose actually appeared more beneficial. Family history and gender are moderating factors that need to be further explored, the researchers concluded.", "Questions also remain about which type of exercise is most helpful. Most studies have focused on aerobic exercise, though some research suggests weight training might also be effective, Smits says. Then there's the realm of mind- body exercises like yoga, which have been practiced for centuries but have yet to be thoroughly studied. \"There's potential there, but it's too early to get excited,\" he says.", "It's also unclear exactly how moving your muscles can have such a significant effect on mental health. \"Biochemically, there are many things that can impact mood. There are so many good, open questions about which mechanisms contribute the most to changes in depression,\" says de Groot.", "Some researchers suspect exercise alleviates chronic depression by increasing serotonin (the neurotransmitter targeted by antidepressants) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (which supports the growth of neurons). Another theory suggests exercise helps by normalizing sleep, which is known to have protective effects on the brain.", "There are psychological explanations, too. Exercise may boost a depressed person's outlook by helping him return to meaningful activity and providing a sense of accomplishment. Then there's the fact that a person's responsiveness to stress is moderated by activity. \"Exercise may be a way of biologically toughening up the brain so stress has less of a central impact,\" Otto says.", "It's likely that multiple factors are at play. \"Exercise has such broad effects that my guess is that there are going to be multiple mechanisms at multiple levels,\" Smits says.", "So far, little work has been done to unravel those mechanisms. Michael Lehmann, PhD, a research fellow at the National Institute of Mental Health, is taking a stab at the problem by studying mice — animals that, like humans, are vulnerable to social stress.", "Lehmann and his colleagues subjected some of their animals to \"social defeat\" by pairing small, submissive mice with larger, more aggressive mice. The alpha mice regularly tried to intimidate the submissive rodents through the clear partition that separated them. And when the partition was removed for a few minutes each day, the bully mice had to be restrained from harming the submissive mice. After two weeks of regular social defeat, the smaller mice explored less, hid in the shadows, and otherwise exhibited symptoms of depression and anxiety.", "One group of mice, however, proved resilient to the stress. For three weeks before the social defeat treatment, all of the mice were subjected to two dramatically different living conditions. Some were confined to spartan cages, while others were treated to enriched environments with running wheels and tubes to explore. Unlike the mice in the bare-bones cages, bullied mice that had been housed in enriched environments showed no signs of rodent depression or anxiety after social defeat (Journal of Neuroscience, 2011). \"Exercise and mental enrichment are buffering how the brain is going to respond to future stressors,\" Lehmann says.", "Lehmann can't say how much of the effect was due to exercise and how much stemmed from other aspects of the stimulating environment. But the mice ran a lot — close to 10 kilometers a night. And other experiments hint that running may be the most integral part of the enriched environment, he says.", "Looking deeper, Lehmann and his colleagues examined the mice's brains. In the stimulated mice, they found evidence of increased activity in a region called the infralimbic cortex, part of the brain's emotional processing circuit. Bullied mice that had been housed in spartan conditions had much less activity in that region. The infralimbic cortex appears to be a crucial component of the exercise effect. When Lehmann surgically cut off the region from the rest of the brain, the protective effects of exercise disappeared. Without a functioning infralimbic cortex, the environmentally enriched mice showed brain patterns and behavior similar to those of the mice who had been living in barebones cages.", "Humans don't have an infralimbic cortex, but we do have a homologous region, known as cingulate area 25 or Brodmann area 25. And in fact, this region has been previously implicated in depression. Helen Mayberg, MD, a neurologist at Emory University, and colleagues successfully alleviated depression in several treatment-resistant patients by using deep-brain stimulation to send steady, low-voltage current into their area 25 regions (Neuron, 2005). Lehmann's studies hint that exercise may ease depression by acting on this same bit of brain.", "Of all the questions that remain to be answered, perhaps the most perplexing is this: If exercise makes us feel so good, why is it so hard to do it? According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2008 (the most recent year for which data are available), some 25 percent of the U.S. population reported zero leisure-time physical activity.", "Starting out too hard in a new exercise program may be one of the reasons people disdain physical activity. When people exercise above their respiratory threshold — that is, above the point when it gets hard to talk — they postpone exercise's immediate mood boost by about 30 minutes, Otto says. For novices, that delay could turn them off of the treadmill for good. Given that, he recommends that workout neophytes start slowly, with a moderate exercise plan.", "Otto also blames an emphasis on the physical effects of exercise for our national apathy to activity. Physicians frequently tell patients to work out to lose weight, lower cholesterol or prevent diabetes. Unfortunately, it takes months before any physical results of your hard work in the gym are apparent. \"Attending to the outcomes of fitness is a recipe for failure,\" he says.", "The exercise mood boost, on the other hand, offers near-instant gratification. Therapists would do well to encourage their patients to tune into their mental state after exercise, Otto says — especially when they're feeling down.", "\"Many people skip the workout at the very time it has the greatest payoff. That prevents you from noticing just how much better you feel when you exercise,\" he says. \"Failing to exercise when you feel bad is like explicitly not taking an aspirin when your head hurts. That's the time you get the payoff.\"", "It may take a longer course of exercise to alleviate mood disorders such as anxiety or depression, Smits adds. But the immediate effects are tangible — and psychologists are in a unique position to help people get moving. \"We're experts in behavior change,\" he says. \"We can help people become motivated to exercise.\"", "© 2018 American Psychological Association 750 First St. NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242 | Contact Support Telephone: (800) 374-2721; (202) 336-5500 | TDD/TTY: (202) 336-6123" ] }, "parsed_md": "The exercise effect\n\n * Homeayzddyqqeyzxrz\n * Help\n * Cart\n\nJOIN APA\n\nHome // Monitor on Psychology // December 2011 Monitor on Psychology // The\nexercise effect\n\n * EMAIL\n * PRINT\n\nCover Story\n\n# The exercise effect\n\nEvidence is mounting for the benefits of exercise, yet psychologists don’t\noften use exercise as part of their treatment arsenal. Here’s more research on\nwhy they should.\n\nBy Kirsten Weir\n\nDecember 2011, Vol 42, No. 11\n\nPrint version: page 48\n\nWhen Jennifer Carter, PhD, counsels patients, she often suggests they walk as\nthey talk. \"I work on a beautiful wooded campus,\" says the counseling and\nsport psychologist at the Center for Balanced Living in Ohio.\n\nStrolling through a therapy session often helps patients relax and open up,\nshe finds. But that's not the only benefit. As immediate past president of\nAPA's Div. 47 (Exercise and Sport Psychology), she's well aware of the mental\nhealth benefits of moving your muscles. \"I often recommend exercise for my\npsychotherapy clients, particularly for those who are anxious or depressed,\"\nshe says.\n\nUnfortunately, graduate training programs rarely teach students how to help\npatients modify their exercise behavior, Carter says, and many psychologists\naren't taking the reins on their own. \"I think clinical and counseling\npsychologists could do a better job of incorporating exercise into treatment,\"\nshe says.\n\n\"Exercise is something that psychologists have been very slow to attend to,\"\nagrees Michael Otto, PhD, a professor of psychology at Boston University.\n\"People know that exercise helps physical outcomes. There is much less\nawareness of mental health outcomes — and much, much less ability to translate\nthis awareness into exercise action.\"\n\nResearchers are still working out the details of that action: how much\nexercise is needed, what mechanisms are behind the boost exercise brings, and\nwhy — despite all the benefits of physical activity — it's so hard to go for\nthat morning jog. But as evidence piles up, the exercise-mental health\nconnection is becoming impossible to ignore.\n\n##### Mood enhancement\n\nIf you've ever gone for a run after a stressful day, chances are you felt\nbetter afterward. \"The link between exercise and mood is pretty strong,\" Otto\nsays. \"Usually within five minutes after moderate exercise you get a mood-\nenhancement effect.\"\n\nBut the effects of physical activity extend beyond the short-term. Research\nshows that exercise can also help alleviate long-term depression.\n\nSome of the evidence for that comes from broad, population-based correlation\nstudies. \"There's good epidemiological data to suggest that active people are\nless depressed than inactive people. And people who were active and stopped\ntend to be more depressed than those who maintain or initiate an exercise\nprogram,\" says James Blumenthal, PhD, a clinical psychologist at Duke\nUniversity.\n\nThe evidence comes from experimental studies as well. Blumenthal has explored\nthe mood-exercise connection through a series of randomized controlled trials.\nIn one such study, he and his colleagues assigned sedentary adults with major\ndepressive disorder to one of four groups: supervised exercise, home-based\nexercise, antidepressant therapy or a placebo pill. After four months of\ntreatment, Blumenthal found, patients in the exercise and antidepressant\ngroups had higher rates of remission than did the patients on the placebo.\nExercise, he concluded, was generally comparable to antidepressants for\npatients with major depressive disorder (Psychosomatic Medicine, 2007).\n\nBlumenthal followed up with the patients one year later. The type of treatment\nthey received during the four-month trial didn't predict remission a year\nlater, he found. However, subjects who reported regular exercise at the one-\nyear follow-up had lower depression scores than did their less active\ncounterparts (Psychosomatic Medicine, 2010). \"Exercise seems not only\nimportant for treating depression, but also in preventing relapse,\" he says.\n\nCertainly, there are methodological challenges to researching the effects of\nexercise, from the identification of appropriate comparison groups to the\nlimitations of self-reporting. Despite these challenges, a compelling body of\nevidence has emerged. In 2006, Otto and colleagues reviewed 11 studies\ninvestigating the effects of exercise on mental health. They determined that\nexercise could be a powerful intervention for clinical depression (Clinical\nPsychology: Science and Practice, 2006). Based on those findings, they\nconcluded, clinicians should consider adding exercise to the treatment plans\nfor their depressed patients.\n\nMary de Groot, PhD, a psychologist in the department of medicine at Indiana\nUniversity, is taking the research one step further, investigating the role\nexercise can play in a particular subset of depressed patients: those with\ndiabetes. It's a significant problem, she says. \"Rates of clinically\nsignificant depressive symptoms and diagnoses of major depressive disorder are\nhigher among adults with diabetes than in the general population,\" she says.\nAnd among diabetics, she adds, depression is often harder to treat and more\nlikely to recur. The association runs both ways. People with diabetes are more\nlikely to develop depression, and people with depression are also more likely\nto develop diabetes. \"A number of studies show people with both disorders are\nat greater risk for mortality than are people with either disorder alone,\" she\nsays.\n\nSince diabetes and obesity go hand-in-hand, it seemed logical to de Groot that\nexercise could effectively treat both conditions. When she reviewed the\nliterature, she was surprised to find the topic hadn't been researched. So,\nshe launched a pilot project in which adults with diabetes and depression\nundertook a 12-week exercise and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)\nintervention program (Diabetes, 2009). Immediately following the program, the\nparticipants who exercised showed improvements both in depression and in\nlevels of A1C, a blood marker that reflects blood-sugar control, compared with\nthose in a control group. She's now undertaking a larger study to further\nexplore exercise and CBT, both alone and in combination, for treating\ndiabetes-related depression.\n\n##### Fight-or-flight\n\nResearchers have also explored exercise as a tool for treating — and perhaps\npreventing — anxiety. When we're spooked or threatened, our nervous systems\njump into action, setting off a cascade of reactions such as sweating,\ndizziness, and a racing heart. People with heightened sensitivity to anxiety\nrespond to those sensations with fear. They're also more likely to develop\npanic disorder down the road, says Jasper Smits, PhD, Co-Director of the\nAnxiety Research and Treatment Program at Southern Methodist University in\nDallas and co-author, with Otto, of the 2011 book \"Exercise for Mood and\nAnxiety: Proven Strategies for Overcoming Depression and Enhancing Well-\nbeing.\"\n\nSmits and Otto reasoned that regular workouts might help people prone to\nanxiety become less likely to panic when they experience those fight-or-flight\nsensations. After all, the body produces many of the same physical reactions —\nheavy perspiration, increased heart rate — in response to exercise. They\ntested their theory among 60 volunteers with heightened sensitivity to\nanxiety. Subjects who participated in a two-week exercise program showed\nsignificant improvements in anxiety sensitivity compared with a control group\n(Depression and Anxiety, 2008). \"Exercise in many ways is like exposure\ntreatment,\" says Smits. \"People learn to associate the symptoms with safety\ninstead of danger.\"\n\nIn another study, Smits and his colleagues asked volunteers with varying\nlevels of anxiety sensitivity to undergo a carbon-dioxide challenge test, in\nwhich they breathed CO2-enriched air. The test often triggers the same\nsymptoms one might experience during a panic attack: increased heart and\nrespiratory rates, dry mouth and dizziness. Unsurprisingly, people with high\nanxiety sensitivity were more likely to panic in response to the test. But\nSmits discovered that people with high anxiety sensitivity who also reported\nhigh activity levels were less likely to panic than subjects who exercised\ninfrequently (Psychosomatic Medicine, 2011). The findings suggest that\nphysical exercise could help to ward off panic attacks. \"Activity may be\nespecially important for people at risk of developing anxiety disorder,\" he\nsays.\n\nSmits is now investigating exercise for smoking cessation. The work builds on\nprevious research by Bess Marcus, PhD, a psychology researcher now at the\nUniversity of California San Diego, who found that vigorous exercise helped\nwomen quit smoking when it was combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy\n(Archives of Internal Medicine, 1999). However, a more recent study by Marcus\nfound that the effect on smoking cessation was more limited when women engaged\nin only moderate exercise (Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2005).\n\nTherein lies the problem with prescribing exercise for mental health.\nResearchers don't yet have a handle on which types of exercise are most\neffective, how much is necessary, or even whether exercise works best in\nconjunction with other therapies.\n\n\"Mental health professionals might think exercise may be a good complement [to\nother therapies], and that may be true,\" says Blumenthal. \"But there's very\nlimited data that suggests combining exercise with another treatment is better\nthan the treatment or the exercise alone.\"\n\nResearchers are starting to address this question, however. Recently, Madhukar\nTrivedi, MD, a psychiatrist at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical\nCollege, and colleagues studied exercise as a secondary treatment for patients\nwith major depressive disorder who hadn't achieved remission through drugs\nalone. They evaluated two exercise doses: One group of patients burned four\nkilocalories per kilogram each week, while another burned 16 kilocalories per\nkilogram weekly. They found both exercise protocols led to significant\nimprovements, though the higher-dose exercise program was more effective for\nmost patients (Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2011).\n\nThe study also raised some intriguing questions, however. In men and women\nwithout family history of mental illness, as well as men with family history\nof mental illness, the higher-dose exercise treatment proved more effective.\nBut among women with a family history of mental illness, the lower exercise\ndose actually appeared more beneficial. Family history and gender are\nmoderating factors that need to be further explored, the researchers\nconcluded.\n\nQuestions also remain about which type of exercise is most helpful. Most\nstudies have focused on aerobic exercise, though some research suggests weight\ntraining might also be effective, Smits says. Then there's the realm of mind-\nbody exercises like yoga, which have been practiced for centuries but have yet\nto be thoroughly studied. \"There's potential there, but it's too early to get\nexcited,\" he says.\n\n##### Buffering the brain\n\nIt's also unclear exactly how moving your muscles can have such a significant\neffect on mental health. \"Biochemically, there are many things that can impact\nmood. There are so many good, open questions about which mechanisms contribute\nthe most to changes in depression,\" says de Groot.\n\nSome researchers suspect exercise alleviates chronic depression by increasing\nserotonin (the neurotransmitter targeted by antidepressants) or brain-derived\nneurotrophic factor (which supports the growth of neurons). Another theory\nsuggests exercise helps by normalizing sleep, which is known to have\nprotective effects on the brain.\n\nThere are psychological explanations, too. Exercise may boost a depressed\nperson's outlook by helping him return to meaningful activity and providing a\nsense of accomplishment. Then there's the fact that a person's responsiveness\nto stress is moderated by activity. \"Exercise may be a way of biologically\ntoughening up the brain so stress has less of a central impact,\" Otto says.\n\nIt's likely that multiple factors are at play. \"Exercise has such broad\neffects that my guess is that there are going to be multiple mechanisms at\nmultiple levels,\" Smits says.\n\nSo far, little work has been done to unravel those mechanisms. Michael\nLehmann, PhD, a research fellow at the National Institute of Mental Health, is\ntaking a stab at the problem by studying mice — animals that, like humans, are\nvulnerable to social stress.\n\nLehmann and his colleagues subjected some of their animals to \"social defeat\"\nby pairing small, submissive mice with larger, more aggressive mice. The alpha\nmice regularly tried to intimidate the submissive rodents through the clear\npartition that separated them. And when the partition was removed for a few\nminutes each day, the bully mice had to be restrained from harming the\nsubmissive mice. After two weeks of regular social defeat, the smaller mice\nexplored less, hid in the shadows, and otherwise exhibited symptoms of\ndepression and anxiety.\n\nOne group of mice, however, proved resilient to the stress. For three weeks\nbefore the social defeat treatment, all of the mice were subjected to two\ndramatically different living conditions. Some were confined to spartan cages,\nwhile others were treated to enriched environments with running wheels and\ntubes to explore. Unlike the mice in the bare-bones cages, bullied mice that\nhad been housed in enriched environments showed no signs of rodent depression\nor anxiety after social defeat (Journal of Neuroscience, 2011). \"Exercise and\nmental enrichment are buffering how the brain is going to respond to future\nstressors,\" Lehmann says.\n\nLehmann can't say how much of the effect was due to exercise and how much\nstemmed from other aspects of the stimulating environment. But the mice ran a\nlot — close to 10 kilometers a night. And other experiments hint that running\nmay be the most integral part of the enriched environment, he says.\n\nLooking deeper, Lehmann and his colleagues examined the mice's brains. In the\nstimulated mice, they found evidence of increased activity in a region called\nthe infralimbic cortex, part of the brain's emotional processing circuit.\nBullied mice that had been housed in spartan conditions had much less activity\nin that region. The infralimbic cortex appears to be a crucial component of\nthe exercise effect. When Lehmann surgically cut off the region from the rest\nof the brain, the protective effects of exercise disappeared. Without a\nfunctioning infralimbic cortex, the environmentally enriched mice showed brain\npatterns and behavior similar to those of the mice who had been living in\nbarebones cages.\n\nHumans don't have an infralimbic cortex, but we do have a homologous region,\nknown as cingulate area 25 or Brodmann area 25. And in fact, this region has\nbeen previously implicated in depression. Helen Mayberg, MD, a neurologist at\nEmory University, and colleagues successfully alleviated depression in several\ntreatment-resistant patients by using deep-brain stimulation to send steady,\nlow-voltage current into their area 25 regions (Neuron, 2005). Lehmann's\nstudies hint that exercise may ease depression by acting on this same bit of\nbrain.\n\n##### Getting the payoff\n\nOf all the questions that remain to be answered, perhaps the most perplexing\nis this: If exercise makes us feel so good, why is it so hard to do it?\nAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2008 (the most\nrecent year for which data are available), some 25 percent of the U.S.\npopulation reported zero leisure-time physical activity.\n\nStarting out too hard in a new exercise program may be one of the reasons\npeople disdain physical activity. When people exercise above their respiratory\nthreshold — that is, above the point when it gets hard to talk — they postpone\nexercise's immediate mood boost by about 30 minutes, Otto says. For novices,\nthat delay could turn them off of the treadmill for good. Given that, he\nrecommends that workout neophytes start slowly, with a moderate exercise plan.\n\nOtto also blames an emphasis on the physical effects of exercise for our\nnational apathy to activity. Physicians frequently tell patients to work out\nto lose weight, lower cholesterol or prevent diabetes. Unfortunately, it takes\nmonths before any physical results of your hard work in the gym are apparent.\n\"Attending to the outcomes of fitness is a recipe for failure,\" he says.\n\nThe exercise mood boost, on the other hand, offers near-instant gratification.\nTherapists would do well to encourage their patients to tune into their mental\nstate after exercise, Otto says — especially when they're feeling down.\n\n\"Many people skip the workout at the very time it has the greatest payoff.\nThat prevents you from noticing just how much better you feel when you\nexercise,\" he says. \"Failing to exercise when you feel bad is like explicitly\nnot taking an aspirin when your head hurts. That's the time you get the\npayoff.\"\n\nIt may take a longer course of exercise to alleviate mood disorders such as\nanxiety or depression, Smits adds. But the immediate effects are tangible —\nand psychologists are in a unique position to help people get moving. \"We're\nexperts in behavior change,\" he says. \"We can help people become motivated to\nexercise.\"\n\nKirsten Weir is a writer in Minneapolis.\n\nshare this page:\n\n * facebook ayzddyqqeyzxrz\n * twitter\n * linkedin\n * google+\n * email\n\nayzddyqqeyzxrz\n\n### Related APA Resources\n\n * Web Page (2734)\n * Newsletter Article (2549)\n * Magazine Article (1323)\n * Scholarship/Grant/Award (656)\n * Profile (534)\n\nMore resources [+]\n\n * Newsletter (465)\n * Press Release (367)\n * Digital Media (299)\n * Continuing Education Program (229)\n * Web Article (224)\n * Book/Monograph (216)\n * Journal Special Issue (183)\n * Fact Sheet (147)\n * FAQ (129)\n * Call for Papers/Proposals/Nominations (97)\n * Journal (90)\n * Children's Book (85)\n * Video (77)\n * Review (76)\n * Psychology Topic (64)\n * Curriculum (59)\n * Council Policy (55)\n * Newsletter Homepage (54)\n * Brochure/Pamphlet (47)\n * Magazine (47)\n * Report (40)\n * Psychology Subfield (30)\n * Toolkit (30)\n * Policy/Procedure (27)\n * News Responses (24)\n * Directory (23)\n * Events (19)\n * Survey/Survey Results (18)\n * Database/Electronic Product (17)\n * Manual/Handbook (17)\n * Bibliography (16)\n * Chart/Table/Figure (13)\n * Event Calendar (13)\n * Conference Materials (11)\n * Summary (11)\n * Amicus Brief (10)\n * Bylaws (10)\n * Guidelines (10)\n * Speech/Transcript/Script (10)\n * Blog (8)\n * Opinion/Editorial (7)\n * Form/Application (6)\n * Letter (5)\n * Legal/Government Document (3)\n * Obituary (3)\n * Presentation (3)\n * Call for Comment (2)\n * HTML (1)\n * Task Force Report (1)\n\nShow fewer resources\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n### Letters to the Editor\n\n * Send us a letter\n\nAdvancing psychology to benefit society and improve people’s lives\n\nPSYCHOLOGISTS\n\nStandards & Guidelines\n\nPsycCareers\n\nDivisions of APA\n\nEthics\n\nEarly Career Psychologists\n\nContinuing Education\n\nRenew Membership\n\nSTUDENTS\n\nCareers in Psychology\n\nAccredited Psychology Programs\n\nMore for Students\n\nABOUT PSYCHOLOGY\n\nScience of Psychology\n\nPsychology Topics\n\nPUBLICATIONS & DATABASES\n\nAPA Style\n\nJournals\n\nBooks\n\nMagination Press\n\nVideos\n\nPsycINFO\n\nPsycARTICLES\n\nMore Publications & Databases\n\nABOUT APA\n\nGovernance\n\nDirectorates and Programs\n\nPolicy Statements\n\nPress Room\n\nAdvertise with Us\n\nWork at APA\n\nContact Us\n\nMore APA Websites\n\n * ACT Raising Safe Kids Program\n * American Psychological Foundation\n * APA Annual Convention\n * APA Center for Organizational Excellence\n * APA Education Advocacy Trust\n\n * APA Services, Inc.\n * APA PsycNET^®\n * APA Style\n * Online Psychology Laboratory\n * Psychology: Science in Action\n\nGet Involved\n\nAdvocate\n\nParticipate\n\nDonate\n\nJoin APA\n\nFollow APA\n\nmore\n\n * Privacy Statement\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Accessibility\n * Website Feedback\n * Sitemap\n\n© 2018 American Psychological Association 750 First St. NE, Washington, DC\n20002-4242 | Contact Support Telephone: (800) 374-2721; (202) 336-5500 |\nTDD/TTY: (202) 336-6123\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://lifehacker.com/the-science-of-practice-what-happens-when-you-learn-a-510255025", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190217133703/https://lifehacker.com/the-science-of-practice-what-happens-when-you-learn-a-510255025", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Science of Practice: What Happens When You Learn a New Skill", "passages": [ "You've heard the expression “practice makes perfect” a million times, and you've probably read Malcolm Gladwell's popular “10,000 hours” theory. But how does practice actually affect the brain? What's going on in there when you're learning something new? The team from social sharing app Buffer investigates.", "When we learn a new skill, whether it’s programming in Ruby on Rails, providing customer support over the phone, playing chess, or doing a cartwheel, we're changing how our brain is wired on a deep level. Science has shown us that the brain is incredibly plastic–meaning it does not “harden” at age 25 and stay solid for the rest of our lives. While certain things, especially language, are more easily learned by children than adults, we have plenty of evidence that even older adults can see real transformations in their neurocircuitry.", "But how does that really work? Well, in order to perform any kind of task, we have to activate various portions of our brain. We've talked about this before in the context of language learning, experiencing happiness, and exercising and food. Our brains coordinate a complex set of actions involving motor function, visual and audio processing, verbal language skills, and more. At first, the new skill might feel stiff and awkward. But as we practice, it gets smoother and feels more natural and comfortable. What practice is actually doing is helping the brain optimize for this set of coordinated activities, through a process called myelination.", "A little neuroscience 101 here: neurons are the basic cellular building blocks of the brain. An neuron is made up of dendrites, which receives signals from other neurons; the cell body, which processes those signals; and the axon, a long “cable” that reaches out and interacts with other neurons' dendrites. When different parts of the brain communicate and coordinate with each other, they send nerve impulses, which are electrical charges that travel down the axon of a neuron, eventually reaching the next neuron in the chain.", "Imagine a row of dominos stacked closely together: when a neuron fires, it's like knocking down the first domino in a long chain. This process repeats from neuron to neuron, until the nerve signals reach their destination. These firings happen at incredibly fast speeds.", "We sometimes refer to our brains as “grey matter” because from the outside, the brain looks mostly grey. That’s what color our neuron cell bodies appear as. But there is also a lot of “white matter” that fills nearly 50% of our brains. That white stuff is myelin, a fatty tissue that covers much of the long axons that extend out of our neurons. Scientists have found that myelination increases the speed and strength of the nerve impulses by forcing the electrical charge to jump across the myelin sheath to the next open spot on the axon.", "In other words, myelin turns the electrical signal into the brain version of Nightcrawler, the teleporting X-Man. Instead of traveling in a straight line down the axon, the charge is BAMF-ing down at much faster speeds.", "First off, a lot of myelination happens naturally—much of it during childhood. Kids are like myelin generating machines, soaking up information about the world and themselves. As we get older, we can continue to generate more myelin onto our axons, but it happens at a slower rate and requires more effort.", "Scientists believe that two non-neuron (or “glial”) cells that exist in the brain play a role in creating new myelin. The first is a glial cell called an astrocyte. Astrocytes monitor neuron axons for activity, and lots of repeat signals from a particular axon triggers the astrocyte to release chemicals that stimulate the second cell (known as an oligodendrocyte) to produce myelin, which wraps around the axon.", "So as we practice, whether by writing every week, hitting jumpshots on the basketball court, or playing Call of Duty, we trigger a pattern of electrical signals through our neurons. Over time, that triggers the glial cell duo to myelinate those axons, increasing the speed and strength of the signal. It's like going from dial-up to broadband.", "Well, that’s tough to prove definitively. We can tell for sure that it increases the speed and strength of the nerve impulse–which seems helpful for learning, but not conclusive. However, we can’t just cut into people’s brains and look for myelin directly without running afoul a whole bunch of ethical and legal issues.", "One compelling piece of evidence comes from brain scans of expert musicians. There’s been a lot of research done on how musician brains differ from the brains of ordinary people. One specific study used a particular brain scan called Diffusion MRI, which gives us information about tissues and fibers inside the scan region in an non-invasive way. The study suggested that the estimated amount of practice an expert piano player did in childhood and adolescence was correlated with the white matter density in regions of the brain related to finger motor skills, visual and auditory processing centers, and others. Most significantly, there was a direct correlation between how many hours they practiced and how dense their white/myelin matter was.", "Another strong point in favor of myelin’s performance-enhancing abilities is what happens when it's missing. Demyelination is a known factor in multiple sclerosis and certain other neurodegenerative diseases which cause symptoms such as loss of dexterity, blurry vision, loss of bowel control, and general weakness and fatigue. This suggests that myelin is an important factor in allowing us make the most of our brain and bodily functions.", "Understanding the role of myelin means not only understanding why quantity of practice is important to improving your skill (as it takes repetition of the same nerve impulses again and again to activate the two glial cells that myelinate axons), but also the quality of practice. Similar to how the science of creativity speaks about idle time and not crushing through one task after the other, practicing with a focus on quality is equally important.", "As a young gymnast, my coach put a spin on the old phrase and would always say: “Perfect practice makes perfect.\" If we practice poorly and don't correct our mistakes, we will myelinate those axons, increasing the speed and strength of those signals–which does us no good.", "The takeaway: practicing skills over time causes those neural pathways to work better in unison via myelination. To improve your performance, you need to practice frequently, and get lots of feedback so you practice correctly.", "Jason Shen is a startup founder, blogger, and fitness enthusiast. His blog, The Art of Ass-Kicking, has been featured in Lifehacker, Outside Magazine, and Mashable. His new book, Winning Isn't Normal, an illustrated collection of his best articles on entrepreneurship, fitness, and personal development, comes out later this year." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Science of Practice: What Happens When You Learn a New Skill\n\n# The Science of Practice: What Happens When You Learn a New Skill\n\nJason Shen\n\n5/29/13 9:00am\n\nFiled to: psychologyFiled to: psychology\n\n * psychology\n * brains\n * learning\n * science\n * habits\n * skills\n * mental health\n * practice\n * republished\n * shutterstock\n\n2611\n\n * Edit\n * Embiggen\n * Send to Editors\n * Promote\n * Share to Kinja\n * Toggle Conversation tools\n * Change in-article video\n * Go to permalink\n\nYou've heard the expression “practice makes perfect” a million times, and\nyou've probably read Malcolm Gladwell's popular “10,000 hours” theory. But how\ndoes practice actually affect the brain? What's going on in there when you're\nlearning something new? The team from social sharing app Buffer investigates.\n\n### Learning Rewires Our Brains\n\nWhen we learn a new skill, whether it’s programming in Ruby on Rails,\nproviding customer support over the phone, playing chess, or doing a\ncartwheel, we're changing how our brain is wired on a deep level. Science has\nshown us that the brain is incredibly plastic–meaning it does not “harden” at\nage 25 and stay solid for the rest of our lives. While certain things,\nespecially language, are more easily learned by children than adults, we have\nplenty of evidence that even older adults can see real transformations in\ntheir neurocircuitry.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nBut how does that really work? Well, in order to perform any kind of task, we\nhave to activate various portions of our brain. We've talked about this before\nin the context of language learning, experiencing happiness, and exercising\nand food. Our brains coordinate a complex set of actions involving motor\nfunction, visual and audio processing, verbal language skills, and more. At\nfirst, the new skill might feel stiff and awkward. But as we practice, it gets\nsmoother and feels more natural and comfortable. What practice is actually\ndoing is helping the brain optimize for this set of coordinated activities,\nthrough a process called myelination.\n\n### How Nerve Signals Work\n\nA little neuroscience 101 here: neurons are the basic cellular building blocks\nof the brain. An neuron is made up of dendrites, which receives signals from\nother neurons; the cell body, which processes those signals; and the axon, a\nlong “cable” that reaches out and interacts with other neurons' dendrites.\nWhen different parts of the brain communicate and coordinate with each other,\nthey send nerve impulses, which are electrical charges that travel down the\naxon of a neuron, eventually reaching the next neuron in the chain.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nImagine a row of dominos stacked closely together: when a neuron fires, it's\nlike knocking down the first domino in a long chain. This process repeats from\nneuron to neuron, until the nerve signals reach their destination. These\nfirings happen at incredibly fast speeds.\n\n### How Myelination Affects Nerve Impulses\n\nWe sometimes refer to our brains as “grey matter” because from the outside,\nthe brain looks mostly grey. That’s what color our neuron cell bodies appear\nas. But there is also a lot of “white matter” that fills nearly 50% of our\nbrains. That white stuff is myelin, a fatty tissue that covers much of the\nlong axons that extend out of our neurons. Scientists have found that\nmyelination increases the speed and strength of the nerve impulses by forcing\nthe electrical charge to jump across the myelin sheath to the next open spot\non the axon.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIn other words, myelin turns the electrical signal into the brain version of\nNightcrawler, the teleporting X-Man. Instead of traveling in a straight line\ndown the axon, the charge is BAMF-ing down at much faster speeds.\n\n### Increased Neural Activity Causes the Growth of Myelin\n\nOk, so how do we get myelin onto our nerve axons?\n\nFirst off, a lot of myelination happens naturally—much of it during childhood.\nKids are like myelin generating machines, soaking up information about the\nworld and themselves. As we get older, we can continue to generate more myelin\nonto our axons, but it happens at a slower rate and requires more effort.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nScientists believe that two non-neuron (or “glial”) cells that exist in the\nbrain play a role in creating new myelin. The first is a glial cell called an\nastrocyte. Astrocytes monitor neuron axons for activity, and lots of repeat\nsignals from a particular axon triggers the astrocyte to release chemicals\nthat stimulate the second cell (known as an oligodendrocyte) to produce\nmyelin, which wraps around the axon.\n\nSo as we practice, whether by writing every week, hitting jumpshots on the\nbasketball court, or playing Call of Duty, we trigger a pattern of electrical\nsignals through our neurons. Over time, that triggers the glial cell duo to\nmyelinate those axons, increasing the speed and strength of the signal. It's\nlike going from dial-up to broadband.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Myelinated Neurons Perform Better\n\nThere’s one final point to make here–how do we know myelin improves\nperformance?\n\nWell, that’s tough to prove definitively. We can tell for sure that it\nincreases the speed and strength of the nerve impulse–which seems helpful for\nlearning, but not conclusive. However, we can’t just cut into people’s brains\nand look for myelin directly without running afoul a whole bunch of ethical\nand legal issues.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nOne compelling piece of evidence comes from brain scans of expert musicians.\nThere’s been a lot of research done on how musician brains differ from the\nbrains of ordinary people. One specific study used a particular brain scan\ncalled Diffusion MRI, which gives us information about tissues and fibers\ninside the scan region in an non-invasive way. The study suggested that the\nestimated amount of practice an expert piano player did in childhood and\nadolescence was correlated with the white matter density in regions of the\nbrain related to finger motor skills, visual and auditory processing centers,\nand others. Most significantly, there was a direct correlation between how\nmany hours they practiced and how dense their white/myelin matter was.\n\nAnother strong point in favor of myelin’s performance-enhancing abilities is\nwhat happens when it's missing. Demyelination is a known factor in multiple\nsclerosis and certain other neurodegenerative diseases which cause symptoms\nsuch as loss of dexterity, blurry vision, loss of bowel control, and general\nweakness and fatigue. This suggests that myelin is an important factor in\nallowing us make the most of our brain and bodily functions.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Practice Makes Myelin, So Practice Carefully\n\nUnderstanding the role of myelin means not only understanding why quantity of\npractice is important to improving your skill (as it takes repetition of the\nsame nerve impulses again and again to activate the two glial cells that\nmyelinate axons), but also the quality of practice. Similar to how the science\nof creativity speaks about idle time and not crushing through one task after\nthe other, practicing with a focus on quality is equally important.\n\nAs a young gymnast, my coach put a spin on the old phrase and would always\nsay: “Perfect practice makes perfect.\" If we practice poorly and don't correct\nour mistakes, we will myelinate those axons, increasing the speed and strength\nof those signals–which does us no good.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThe takeaway: practicing skills over time causes those neural pathways to work\nbetter in unison via myelination. To improve your performance, you need to\npractice frequently, and get lots of feedback so you practice correctly.\n\nWhy practice actually makes perfect: How to rewire your brain for better\nperformance | Buffer\n\nJason Shen is a startup founder, blogger, and fitness enthusiast. His blog,\nThe Art of Ass-Kicking, has been featured in Lifehacker, Outside Magazine, and\nMashable. His new book, Winning Isn't Normal, an illustrated collection of his\nbest articles on entrepreneurship, fitness, and personal development, comes\nout later this year.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nImage via baranq (Shutterstock).\n\nWant to see your work on Lifehacker? Email Tessa.\n\n###### Share This Story\n\n## You may also like\n\nThe Root | The Grapevine\n\n#### Report: New Evidence Suggests Jussie Smollett Was Allegedly An 'Active\nParticipant' In Apparent Assault\n\nJay Connor\n\nYesterday 8:46pm\n\nThe A.V. Club | TV Club\n\n#### A forgettable Saturday Night Live squanders Don Cheadle, for god's sake\n\nDennis Perkins\n\nToday 5:32am\n\nGizmodo | io9\n\n#### This Is The Actual Seal That Secured King Tutankhamun's Tomb\n\nGeorge Dvorsky\n\n11/25/14 3:30pm\n\n## Popular from Lifehacker\n\n * 1\n * 6\n * 11.8K\n\n#### Prevent the Office Chatterbox From Distracting You By Assigning Him Tasks\n\nEmily Price\n\nYesterday 4:30pm\n\n * 10\n * 35.8K\n\n#### How to Temporarily Store Your Luggage When You're Staying at an Airbnb\n\nEmily Price\n\nYesterday 12:15pm\n\n * 1\n * 21\n * 30.5K\n\n#### How to Maintain (Relative) Privacy on Dating Apps\n\nJosh Ocampo\n\nFriday 5:00pm\n\nShareTweet\n\nKinja is in read-only mode. We are working to restore service.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://newforums.com/crossword-puzzles-creativity/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190110051825/https://newforums.com/crossword-puzzles-creativity/", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Health Benefits of Crossword Puzzles and Creativity", "passages": [ "Recently we posted on the value of collaborative cruciverbalism—i.e., solving crossword puzzles with others is an effective tactic for developing creative thinking. In the post we demonstrated the reasons for our belief—the practice involves a lot of our creative thinking strategies (e.g. collaboration, perception shifting, piggybacking) we discuss in Introduction to Applied Creative Thinking (2012).", "A recent article in the Wall Street Journal (2 September 2014) contributes another reason you might want to sharpen your pencil every day and dig into a crossword puzzle. (Tweet this quote.) According to Ann Lukits (“Puzzles Boost Verbal Skills, Cut Dementia Risk,” D1), you may want to take your daily dose of cruciverbalism: “Solving crossword puzzles may bolster verbal communication skills in older people and reduce their chances of developing dementia, says a study in the September issue of the International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.”", "Lukits stresses that a daily dose of crosswords “can improve memory and brain function in older adults” as well as “improve the speed of thinking and talking,” and “improve mental functions in patients with brain damage or early dementia.” In fact, improvements in verbal-fluency scores were “three times higher in the crossword group” than those in a group who merely passively recorded diary entries.", "The key element seems to be utilizing an active mind that seeks patterns. Admittedly, some crossword clues simply demand the solver step on the bottom rung of Bloom’s Taxonomy and remember a Tom Cruise co-star in Top Gun. On the other hand, other clues such as “Cruise control” (demanding five letters) force you to climb Bloom’s ladder a little higher. Is “Cruise control” merely a literal question demanding you remember, or is it a pun on the name “Tom Cruise”?", "Cleverly, the puzzle constructor placed “Cruise” at the beginning of the clue so that the capitalization may or may not indicate a proper noun. The solver must therefore evaluate the clue as offering several possibilities. If the solver can analyze (another Bloom higher-order skill) the clue so as to recognize that “vehicle” as in “star vehicle” is Hollywood jargon for a film, TV show, or video (admittedly that skill is easier if the solver has some familiarity with Variety, a trade publication), then “Cruise vehicle” could be a clever way of saying a five-letter word, MOVIE.", "A solver might lightly pencil in this word, but if the crosses on MOVIE don’t fit, the solver may have to use the creative thinking skill of perception shift to come up with an alternative answer. The point is that whether or not MOVIE is the correct answer, the solver has been forced to have an active mind. Interestingly, in another puzzle the very same clue of “Cruise control” may generate an entirely different answer, so merely remembering this clever turn on Tom Cruise’s name may not be all that’s needed for the next solution.", "For us the great thing about crossword puzzles is their abundant availability. Some appear online, some are found in daily newspapers, and some show up on Christmas morning in book form. Some are easy (e.g., local newspaper), some are challenging (e.g., USA Today, Friday Wall Street Journal), and some are down-right difficult (Friday-Sunday New York Times).", "Try solving a puzzle. As the slogan says, a mind is a terrible thing to waste . . . or lose.", "Ph.D Hal Blythe writes literary criticism to mystery stories. In addition to the eleven books he’s published with New Forums, Hal has collaborated on four books on a variety of subjects, over 1000 pieces of fiction/nonfiction, and a host of television scripts and interactive mysteries performed by their repertory company. He is currently co-director of the Teaching and Learning Center for Eastern Kentucky University. Meet Hal Blythe." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Health Benefits of Crossword Puzzles and Creativity\n\nWelcome Scholars!\n\nMenu\n\n * Our Plan\n * Our Titles\n\n * Teaching & Learning\n\n * General Methods\n * Cooperative Learning\n * Applied Creative Thinking\n * It Works for Me Series\n * Adult Education\n * Building the Academy\n\n * Faculty & Staff Development\n * Grad Student Development\n * Program Development\n * Organization Development\n * Scholarly Writing & Research\n * Personal Development\n\n * Healthful Life Strategies\n * Social & Spiritual Growth\n * Media & Law\n\n * Guilty Until Proven Innocent: Teachers and Accusations of Abuse\n * Mass Communication Law in Arkansas\n * Communication Law in Georgia\n * Mass Communication Law in Oklahoma\n * Mass Communication Law in Virginia\n * Mass Communication Law in West Virginia\n * Still Captive? History, Law and the Teaching of High School Journalism\n * Mass Communication Law in Idaho\n * Through the Eyes of Warriors\n\n * Grey Eminence: Fox Conner and the Art of Mentorship\n * They Were Families: How War Comes Home\n * U.S. Army Cadet Command: The 10 Year History\n * History of the U.S. Army Cadet Command: 2nd Ten Years\n * Before Memories Fade\n * Three Winds of Death\n * D-Day: American Character\n * Lady Leathernecks\n * Education Journals\n\n * The Journal of Faculty Development\n * The Journal of Applied Research in the Community College\n * The Journal of Graduate Teaching Assistant Development\n * Studies in Graduate and Professional Student Development\n * Regional/Oklahoma\n\n * Personalities\n * Places & Routes\n * Lawmen & Outlaws\n * For Children\n * New & Forthcoming\n * Blog Posts\n * Authors\n\n * Featured Authors\n\n * Donna Qualters\n * Russell Carpenter\n * Charlie Sweet\n * Hal Blythe\n * Doug Dollar\n * John Hoover\n * Pat Shields\n * Ed Neal\n * Nancy Vader-McCormick\n * Stephanie Mines\n * Author Guidelines\n\n * General Book Guidelines\n * The Journal of Faculty Development\n * Studies in Graduate & Professional Student Development\n * Blog Post Guidelines\n * Call for Papers\n * Resources\n\n * NIFDN\n * eDocs\n\n * A Questionnaire for Assessing Writing Productivity Problems\n * Newsletters\n * NFP Admin\n * Journal of Faculty Development\n * About Us\n\n * Reprints\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Rights & Permissions\n * Bulk & Store Orders\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n * JFD Guidelines\n\n * Book Reviews\n * Common and Uncommon Errors in APA Style Formatting\n * VI. Manuscript Formatting Requirements\n * APA Style Guidelines Checklist\n * Calls for Proposals & Forthcoming Issues\n\n * Call for Papers, September 2019 Special Issue\n * Call for Papers, May 2019 Special Section\n * Special JFD Content\n * Store\n\n# The Health Benefits of Crossword Puzzles and Creativity\n\nPosted By Hal Blythe, On October 2, 2014\n\nRecently we posted on the value of collaborative cruciverbalism—i.e., solving\ncrossword puzzles with others is an effective tactic for developing creative\nthinking. In the post we demonstrated the reasons for our belief—the practice\ninvolves a lot of our creative thinking strategies (e.g. collaboration,\nperception shifting, piggybacking) we discuss in Introduction to Applied\nCreative Thinking (2012).\n\nA recent article in the Wall Street Journal (2 September 2014) contributes\nanother reason you might want to sharpen your pencil every day and dig into a\ncrossword puzzle. (Tweet this quote.) According to Ann Lukits (“Puzzles Boost\nVerbal Skills, Cut Dementia Risk,” D1), you may want to take your daily dose\nof cruciverbalism: “Solving crossword puzzles may bolster verbal communication\nskills in older people and reduce their chances of developing dementia, says a\nstudy in the September issue of the International Journal of Geriatric\nPsychiatry.”\n\nLukits stresses that a daily dose of crosswords “can improve memory and brain\nfunction in older adults” as well as “improve the speed of thinking and\ntalking,” and “improve mental functions in patients with brain damage or early\ndementia.” In fact, improvements in verbal-fluency scores were “three times\nhigher in the crossword group” than those in a group who merely passively\nrecorded diary entries.\n\nThe key element seems to be utilizing an active mind that seeks patterns.\nAdmittedly, some crossword clues simply demand the solver step on the bottom\nrung of Bloom’s Taxonomy and remember a Tom Cruise co-star in Top Gun. On the\nother hand, other clues such as “Cruise control” (demanding five letters)\nforce you to climb Bloom’s ladder a little higher. Is “Cruise control” merely\na literal question demanding you remember, or is it a pun on the name “Tom\nCruise”?\n\nCleverly, the puzzle constructor placed “Cruise” at the beginning of the clue\nso that the capitalization may or may not indicate a proper noun. The solver\nmust therefore evaluate the clue as offering several possibilities. If the\nsolver can analyze (another Bloom higher-order skill) the clue so as to\nrecognize that “vehicle” as in “star vehicle” is Hollywood jargon for a film,\nTV show, or video (admittedly that skill is easier if the solver has some\nfamiliarity with Variety, a trade publication), then “Cruise vehicle” could be\na clever way of saying a five-letter word, MOVIE.\n\nA solver might lightly pencil in this word, but if the crosses on MOVIE don’t\nfit, the solver may have to use the creative thinking skill of perception\nshift to come up with an alternative answer. The point is that whether or not\nMOVIE is the correct answer, the solver has been forced to have an active\nmind. Interestingly, in another puzzle the very same clue of “Cruise control”\nmay generate an entirely different answer, so merely remembering this clever\nturn on Tom Cruise’s name may not be all that’s needed for the next solution.\n\nFor us the great thing about crossword puzzles is their abundant availability.\nSome appear online, some are found in daily newspapers, and some show up on\nChristmas morning in book form. Some are easy (e.g., local newspaper), some\nare challenging (e.g., USA Today, Friday Wall Street Journal), and some are\ndown-right difficult (Friday-Sunday New York Times).\n\nTry solving a puzzle. As the slogan says, a mind is a terrible thing to waste\n. . . or lose.\n\n## Author\n\nPh.D Hal Blythe writes literary criticism to mystery stories. In addition to\nthe eleven books he’s published with New Forums, Hal has collaborated on four\nbooks on a variety of subjects, over 1000 pieces of fiction/nonfiction, and a\nhost of television scripts and interactive mysteries performed by their\nrepertory company. He is currently co-director of the Teaching and Learning\nCenter for Eastern Kentucky University. Meet Hal Blythe.\n\nHow to Weave Creative Thinking into The Institutional Fabric →\n\n← The Future of Faculty Development: A Techtonic Shift\n\nSorry, Comments are closed.\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * The Organization is the Solution\n * The Law of Organizational Entropy and Faculty Innovators\n * A Quick Review of The Slow Professor\n * Expanding Your Center of Teaching and Learning Services\n * Are Academic Blogs Scholarship?\n\n#### Best Seller!\n\n#### Best Seller!\n\n#### Best Seller!\n\n#### Categories\n\nAbout New Forums Applied Creative Thinking Book Releases Events Faculty &\nStaff Development Healthful Life Strategies Scholarly Writing & Research\nUncategorized\n\nCopyright 2019 New Forums Press | Powered by WordPress | imprint theme by\nmudThemes\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.raisesmartkid.com/3-to-6-years-old/4-articles/34-the-good-and-bad-effects-of-video-games", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190201114846/https://www.raisesmartkid.com/3-to-6-years-old/4-articles/34-the-good-and-bad-effects-of-video-games", "parsed_text": { "title": "25+ Positive and Negative Effects of Video Games", "passages": [ "A parent's guide on how to raise a smart, bright and intelligent child - from baby, toddler, preschooler and school kid to teen. A bright child for a bright future", "Video games are frowned upon by parents as time-wasters, and worse, some education experts think that these games corrupt the brain. Playing violent video games are easily blamed by the media and some experts as the reason why some young people become violent or commit extreme anti-social behavior. But many scientists and psychologists find that video games can actually have many benefits – the main one is making kids smart. Video games may actually teach kids high-level thinking skills that they will need in the future.", "“Video games change your brain,” according to University of Wisconsin psychologist C. Shawn Green. Playing video games change the brain’s physical structure the same way as do learning to read, playing the piano, or navigating using a map. Much like exercise can build muscle, the powerful combination of concentration and rewarding surges of neurotransmitters like dopamine strengthen neural circuits that can build the brain.", "According to Marc Palaus, author of the study published in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, there is a broad consensus in the scientific community that playing video games not only changes how the brain performs, but also its structure.", "Below are the good and bad effects of video games – their benefits and disadvantages, according to researchers and child experts:", "When your child plays video games, it gives his brain a real workout. In many video games, the skills required to win involve abstract and high level thinking. These skills are not even taught at school.", "Problem solving and logic – When a child plays a game such as The Incredible Machine, Angry Birds or Cut The Rope, he trains his brain to come up with creative ways to solve puzzles and other problems in short bursts", "Hand-eye coordination, fine motor and spatial skills. In shooting games, the character may be running and shooting at the same time. This requires the real-world player to keep track of the position of the character, where he/she is heading, his speed, where the gun is aiming, if the gunfire is hitting the enemy, and so on. All these factors need to be taken into account, and then the player must then coordinate the brain’s interpretation and reaction with the movement in his hands and fingertips. This process requires a great deal of eye-hand coordination and visual-spatial ability to be successful. Research also suggests that people can learn iconic, spatial, and visual attention skills from video games. There have been even studies with adults showing that experience with video games is related to better surgical skills. Also, a reason given by experts as to why fighter pilots of today are more skillful is that this generation’s pilots are being weaned on video games.", "Planning, resource management and logistics. The player learns to manage resources that are limited, and decide the best use of resources, the same way as in real life. This skill is honed in strategy games such as SimCity, Age of Empires, and Railroad Tycoon. Notably, The American Planning Association, the trade association of urban planners and Maxis, the game creator, have claimed that SimCity has inspired a lot of its players to take a career in urban planning and architecture.", "Multitasking, simultaneous tracking of many shifting variables and managing multiple objectives. In strategy games, for instance, while developing a city, an unexpected surprise like an enemy might emerge. This forces the player to be flexible and quickly change tactics.", "Quick thinking, making fast analysis and decisions. Sometimes the player does this almost every second of the game giving the brain a real workout. According to researchers at the University of Rochester, led by Daphne Bavelier, a cognitive scientist, games simulating stressful events such as those found in battle or action games could be a training tool for real-world situations. The study suggests that playing action video games primes the brain to make quick decisions. Video games can be used to train soldiers and surgeons, according to the study. Importantly, decisions made by action-packed video game players are no less accurate. According to Bavelier, “Action game players make more correct decisions per unit time. If you are a surgeon or you are in the middle of a battlefield, that can make all the difference.”", "Accuracy – Action games, according to a study by the University of Rochester, train the player’s brain to make faster decisions without losing accuracy. In today’s world, it is important to move quickly without sacrificing accuracy.", "Strategy and anticipation – Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad is Good For You: How Today’s Popular Culture is Actually Making Us Smarter, calls this “telescoping.” The gamer must deal with immediate problems while keeping his long-term goals on his horizon.", "Situational awareness – – Defense News reported that the Army include video games to train soldiers to improve their situational awareness in combat. Many strategy games also require the player to become mindful of sudden situational changes in the game and adapt accordingly.", "Developing reading and math skills – The young gamer reads to get instructions, follow storylines of games, and get information from the game texts. Also, using math skills is important to win in many games that involves quantitative analysis like managing resources.", "Perseverance – In higher levels of a game, the player usually fails the first time around, but he keeps on trying until he succeeds and move on to the next level.", "Inductive reasoning and hypothesis testing – James Paul Gee, professor of education at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, says that playing a video game is similar to working through a science problem. Like a student in a laboratory, the gamer must come up with a hypothesis. For example, the gamer must constantly try out combinations of weapons and powers to use to defeat an enemy. If one does not work, he changes hypothesis and try the next one. Video games are goal-driven experiences, says Gee, which are fundamental to learning.", "Memory – Playing first person shooter games such as Call of Duty and Battlefield series enables the player to effectively judge what information should be stored in his working memory and what can be discarded considering the task at hand, according to a study published in the Psychological Research.", "Concentration – A study conducted by the Appalachia Educational Laboratory reveal that children with attention-deficit disorder who played Dance Dance Revolution improve their reading scores by helping them concentrate.", "Improved ability to rapidly and accurately recognize visual information – A study from Beth Israel Medical Center NY, found a direct link between skill at video gaming and skill at keyhole, or laparoscopic, surgery. Doctors who spent at least three hours a week playing video games made about 37 % fewer mistakes in surgery and performed the task 27% faster than non-gaming surgeons. Another study found that people who play video games on a regular basis are better at registering visual data and are therefore quicker visual learners. They are also more resistant to perceptual interference, and are therefore able to learn for a longer period of time in distracting environments.", "Taking risks – Winning in any game involves a player’s courage to take risks. Most games do not reward players who play safely.", "Teamwork and cooperation when played with others – Many multiplayer games such as Team Fortress 2 involve cooperation with other online players in order to win. These games encourage players to make the most of their individual skills to contribute to the team. According to a survey by Joan Ganz Cooney Center, teachers report that their students become better collaborators after using digital games in the classroom.", "Management – Management simulation games such as Rollercoaster Tycoon and Zoo tycoon teach the player to make management decisions and manage the effective use of finite resources. Other games such as Age of Empires and Civilization even simulate managing the course of a civilization.", "Simulation, real world skills. The most well known simulations are flight simulators, which attempt to mimic the reality of flying a plane. All of the controls, including airspeed, wing angles, altimeter, and so on, are displayed for the player, as well as a visual representation of the world, and are updated in real time.", "Video games introduce your kid to computer technology and the online world. You should recognize that we are now living in a high-tech, sophisticated world. Video games make your kid adapt and be comfortable with the concepts of computing. This is particularly important for girls who typically are not as interested in high technology as much as boys.", "Video games allow you and your kid to play together and can be a good bonding activity. Some games are attractive to kids as well as adults, and they could be something that they share in common. When your child knows more than you, he can teach you how to play and this allows you to understand your child’s skills and talents.", "Video games make learning fun. Your kid likes games because of the colors, the animation, the eye candy, as well as the interactivity and the challenge and the rewards of winning. The best way to learn is when the learner is having fun at the same time. That’s why video games are natural teachers. Having fun gives your kid motivation to keep on practicing, which is the only way to learn skills. Video games is also capable of making difficult subjects such as math fun.", "Video games can make your kid creative. A study by the Michigan State University’s Children and Technology Project found a relation between video game playing and greater creativity, regardless of gender, race or type of video game played. (In contrast, use of cell phones, the Internet and computers other than video games was unrelated to creativity, the study found).", "Video games can improve your kid’s decision making speed. People who played action-based video and computer games made decisions 25% faster than others without sacrificing accuracy, according to a study from the University of Rochester. Other studies suggests that most expert gamers can make choices and act on them up to six times a second—four times faster than most people, and can pay attention to more than six things at once without getting confused, compared to only four by the average person. Surprisingly, the violent action games that often worry parents most had the strongest beneficial effect on the brain, according to cognitive neuroscientist Daphne Bavelier, who studies the effect of action games at Switzerland’s University of Geneva and the University of Rochester in New York.", "Video games increase your kid’s self-confidence and self-esteem as he masters games. In many games, the levels of difficulty are adjustable. As a beginner, your kid begins at the easy level and by constant practicing and slowly building skills, he becomes confident in handling more difficult challenges. Since the cost of failure is lower, he does not fear making mistakes. He takes more risks and explores more. Your kid can transfer this attitude to real life.", "Video games give your child a feeling of happiness or well-being, which is a human psychological need, according to Berni Good, a cyberpsychologist. In addition to giving your child a sense of competence or mastery when he progresses through game levels, video gaming also helps him relate to others in a meaningful way when he shares his gaming experiences with others in multiplayer gaming or in social media. It also gives him a feeling of being a master of his own destiny.", "Games that involve multiple players encourage your child to work cooperatively to achieve his goals. Your kid learns to listen to the ideas of others, formulate plans with other kids, and distribute tasks based on skills. Some online games are even played internationally, and this can introduce your kid to players of different nationalities and cultures. This fosters friendships among different people.", "Video games that require your kid to be active, such as Dance Dance Revolution and Nintendo Wii Boxing, and games that use Kinect, give your kid a good workout. When playing these active games for 10 minutes, your kid spends energy equal to or exceeding that produced by spending the same amount of time on a three miles an hour treadmill walk.", "Video games make players’ visions become more sensitive to slightly different shades of color, according to a University of Rochester study. This is called contrast sensitivity, and observed particularly in first person shooter games players. “When people play action games, they’re changing the brain’s pathway responsible for visual processing,” according to lead researcher Daphne Bavelier. The training might be helping the visual system to make better use of the information it receives.", "Video games may improve eyesight. Studies have shown that video gaming have better than average eyesight. A study performed by researchers from McMaster University has also found that playing video games could help improve eyesight by teaching the brain to spot small details, follow movements and spot subtle light changes, at least for people with visual difficulties. Another study by vision scientists at the University of Rochester and Vanderbilt University found that children with poor vision see vast improvement in their peripheral vision after only eight hours of training via kid-friendly video games.", "Video games help children with dyslexia read faster and with better accuracy, according to a study by the journal Current Biology. In addition, spatial and temporal attention also improved during action video game training. Attentional improvement can directly translate into better reading abilities. Another study suggests that just one hour of gaming can improve visual selective attention, which is how scientists refer to the brain’s ability to focus while simultaneously disregarding less relevant information.", "Dr. Adam Gazzaley, a neuroscientist at the University of California states that playing first person shooter games such as Call of Duty have shown to have a “benefit on high congnitive abilities” including focusing for long periods and multi-tasking. He even suggests that these games can be prescribed to children who are struggling to focus in class.", "Kids are not necessarily drawn to video games because of their violence. The attraction lies in their being rewarded by awesome displays of explosions, fireworks, and yes, blood splattering. Also, violent games have the most emotional appeal for kids. But these factors are only secondary to what kids actually enjoy in these games – the opportunity to develop and master skills and have the freedom to make choices in the game universe.", "Violent video games may act as a release of pent-up aggression and frustration of your kid. When your kid vents his frustration and anger in his game, this diffuses his stress. Games can provide a positive aggression outlet the same way as football and other violent sports.", "A study done by researchers at North Carolina State University, York University and the University of Ontario Institute of Technology concluded that playing online games do not replace offline social lives, but is expanding it. Loners are the outliers in gaming, not the norm.", "A 2013 study by the Berlin’s Max Planck Institute for Human Development and St. Hedwig-Hospital found a significant gray matter increase in the right hippocampus, the right prefrontal cortex and the cerebellum of those who played Super Mario 64 for 30 minutes a day over two months. These regions of the brain are crucial for spatial navigation, strategic planning, working memory and motor performance. Indeed, the increased gray matter in these parts of the brain is positively correlated with better memory. Decreased gray matter is correlated with bipolar disorder and dementia. What’s also striking is that those who enjoyed playing the game has a more pronounced gain in gray matter volume. The study suggests that video game training could be used to counteract known risk factors for smaller hippocampus and prefrontal cortex volume in, for example, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia and neurodegenerative disease.", "Other studies found that playing video games change the structure of the brain. Brain regions involved in attention were more efficient in gamers, and regions related to visuospatial skills that were both bigger and more efficient.", "Another study published in Scientific Reports have found that Action Video Gamers have more gray matter and better integration of brain networks associated with attention and sensorimotor function.", "A Bristol University research shows that the “gamification” of learning can reduce the activity of a particular brain network which is responsible for mind wandering. When designed and developed properly, computer-based games can have a beneficial effect on learning.", "A number of research, including the one done in Ruhr-University Bochum show that video gamers have an advantage at learning compared to non-gamers. In their test, video gamers performed significantly better than non-gamers in a learning competition, and gamers showed an increased activity in the brain areas relevant for learning. According to the lead author Sabrina Schenk, “Our study shows that gamers are better in analyzing a situation quickly, to generate new knowledge and to categorize facts — especially in situations with high uncertainties.”", "A study published in the journal Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology in 2016 suggests that “video game use is not associated with an increased risk of mental health problems. On the contrary, the data presented here suggest that video games are a protective factor, especially regarding peer relationship problems for the children who are the most involved in video games. Finally, video games seem to be linked to better intellectual functioning and academic achievement.”", "Another study suggests that playing some video games may even overcome the cognitive skills affected by poverty like focus, self-control, and memory, and may help reduce the achievement gaps related to poverty that are seen in school.", "Video games can stimulate your child’s interest in technology, and can be gateway to learn technological skills such as coding or programming.", "Finally, according to a study, gamers actually tend to be more social, more successful and more educated than people who make fun of them.", "Considering all these, be reminded again that the type of genre affects the brain differently, and one should not generalize that all video games have the same effect or benefit. For example, the researchers of a study hypothesize that playing strategy games result in improving memory tasks, while playing action games that stimulate the limbic area and elicit emotional arousal might be beneficial to those with mood disorders.", "Most of the bad effects of video games are blamed on the violence they contain. Children who play more violent video games are more likely to have increased aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, and decreased prosocial helping, according to a scientific study (Anderson & Bushman, 2001). Also according to Dmitri A. Christakis of the Seattle Children’s Research Institute, those who watch a lot of simulated violence, such as those in video games, can become immune to it, more inclined to act violently themselves, and are less likely to behave emphatically. Another study suggests that chronic exposure to violent video games is not only associated with lower empathy, but emotional callousness as well. This, however, is still hotly debated because there is also evidence that shows that excessive use of video games does not lead to long-term desensitization and lack of empathy. A 2017 study published in Frontiers in Psychology, for example, didn’t find any long-term effects of playing violent video games and empathy. Another study from University of York found no evidence to support the theory that video games make players more violent, and another study suggests that there is no increase in the level of aggression of players who had long-term exposure to violent video games..", "On the other hand, The American Psychological Association (APA) concluded that there is a “consistent correlation” between violent game use and aggression, but finds insufficient evidence to link violent video play to criminal violence. An open letter by a number of media scholars, psychologists and criminologists, however, find APA’s study and conclusion to be misleading and alarmist. Many experts including Henry Jenkins of Massachusetts Institute of Technology have noted that there is a decreased rate of juvenile crime which coincides with the popularity of games such as Death Race, Mortal Kombat, Doom and Grand Theft auto. He concludes that teenage players are able to leave the emotional effects of the game behind when the game is over. Indeed there are cases of teenagers who commit violent crimes who also spend great amount of time playing video games such as those involved in the Columbine and Newport cases. It appears that there will always be violent people, and it just so happen that many of them also enjoy playing violent video games.", "Some experts also believe that the effect of video game violence in kids is worsened by the games’ interactive nature. In many games, kids are rewarded for being more violent. The act of violence is done repeatedly. The child is in control of the violence and experiences the violence in his own eyes (killings, kicking, stabbing and shooting). This active participation, repetition and reward are effective tools for learning behavior. Indeed, many studies seem to indicate that violent video games may be related to aggressive behavior (such as Anderson & Dill, 2000; Gentile, Lynch & Walsh, 2004). However, the evidence is not consistent and this issue is far from settled.", "In 2018, an analysis of 24 studies involving 17000 youngsters from countries including the U.S., Canada, Germany and Japan and published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found those who played violent games such as “Grand Theft Auto,” “Call of Duty” and “Manhunt” were more likely to exhibit behavior such as being sent to the principal’s office for fighting or hitting a non-family member. According to Jay Hull, the study’s lead author “If your kids are playing these games, either these games are having a warping effect on right and wrong or they have a warped sense of right or wrong and that’s why they are attracted to these games. Either way you should be concerned about it.” Hull’s previous research suggests players may also practice riskier behaviors such as reckless driving, binge drinking, smoking and unsafe sex.", "Kids can be addicted to video gaming. The World Health Organization in June 2018 declared gaming addiction as a mental health disorder. A study by the Minneapolis-based National Institute for Media and the Family suggests that video games can be addictive for kids, and that the kids’ addiction to video games increases their depression and anxiety levels. Addicted kids also exhibit social phobias. Not surprisingly, kids addicted to video games see their school performance suffer. MRI scans reveal that addictive video games can have a similar effect on kids’ brains as drugs and alcohol. A series of studines by California State University found that the impulsive part of the brain, known as the amygdala-striatal system was more sensitive and smaller in excessive game players. According to Professor Ofir Turel, heavy game players between 13 and 15 whose self-control system is not yet well-developed can have increased susceptibility to other forms of addiction and can be more predisposed to impulsive and risky behaviors later in life.", "Click here for more info on video game addiction, how to treat it, and tips on how to avoid getting your kids addicted to video games.", "A 2017 study from the Université de Montréal suggests that playing action video games like Call of Duty may actually harm the brain. Most study participants mainly use an area of the brain called the caudate nucleus. These players navigate through the game terrain using in-system navigation tools or on-screen GPS, relying on navigational “habit” instead of active learning. It appears that this causes an increase in the amount of gray matter in their caudate nucleus, while it decreases in the hippocampus. Reduced gray matter in the hippocampus has previously been linked to higher risks of brain illnesses, including depression, schizophrenia, PTSD, and Alzheimer’s disease. However players who play games that requires players to navigate using spatial strategies like the 3D Super Mario games have increased grey matter in the hippocampus.", "Too much video game playing makes your kid socially isolated. Also, he may spend less time in other activities such as doing homework, reading, sports, and interacting with the family and friends. On the other hand, a study by researchers at the North Carolina State University, New York and the University Of Ontario Institute Of Technology points out that gamers usually do not replace their offline social lives with online game playing, but rather it expands them. In fact, among gamers, being a loner is not the norm.", "Some video games teach kids the wrong values. Violent behavior, vengeance and aggression are rewarded. Negotiating and other nonviolent solutions are often not options. Women are often portrayed as weaker characters that are helpless or sexually provocative. On the other hand, a University of Buffalo study suggests that violence and bad behavior played in the virtual world may be contributing to better behavior in the real world. Gamers who play violent games may feel guilty about their behavior in the virtual world and this may make them be more sensitive to the moral issues they violated during game play.", "Academic achievement may be negatively related to over-all time spent playing video games. Studies have shown that the more time a kid spends playing video games, the poorer is his performance in school. (Anderson & Dill, 2000; Gentile, Lynch & Walsh, 2004). A study by Argosy University’s Minnesota School on Professional Psychology found that video game addicts argue a lot with their teachers, fight a lot with their friends, and score lower grades than others who play video games less often. Other studies show that many game players routinely skip their homework to play games, and many students admitted that their video game habits are often responsible for poor school grades.", "Although some studies suggest that playing video games enhances a child’s concentration, other studies, such as a 2012 paper published in Psychology of Popular Media Culture, have found that games can hurt and help children’s attention issues — improving the ability to concentrate in short bursts but damaging long-term concentration.", "Dr Philip A Chan and Professor Terry Rabinowitz, writing in the Annals of General Psychiatry, concluded that: “Adolescents who play more than one hour of console or Internet video games may have more or more intense symptoms of ADHD or inattention than those who do not.” This negative effect may lead to problems in school.", "Video games may also have bad effects on some children’s health, including obesity, video-induced seizures. and postural, muscular and skeletal disorders, such as tendonitis, nerve compression, carpal tunnel syndrome.", "When playing online, your kid can pick up bad language and behavior from other people, and may make your kid vulnerable to online dangers.", "Kids spending too much time playing video games may exhibit impulsive behavior and have attention problems. This is according to a new study published in the February 2012 issue of the Journal of Psychology and Popular Media Culture. For the study, attention problems were defined as difficulty engaging in or sustaining behavior to reach a goal.", "According to Catherine Steiner-Adair, a Harvard-affiliated psychologist and author of the best-selling book “The Big Disconnect: Protecting Childhood and Family Relationship in the Digital Age”, if kids are allowed to play “Candy Crush” on the way to school, the trip will be quiet, but it’s not what kids need. “They need time to daydream, deal with anxieties, process their thoughts and share them with parents, who can provide reassurance.”" ] }, "parsed_md": "25+ Positive and Negative Effects of Video Games - Raise Smart Kid\n\nRaise Smart Kid\n\nA parent's guide on how to raise a smart, bright and intelligent child - from\nbaby, toddler, preschooler and school kid to teen. A bright child for a bright\nfuture\n\nHome Raise Smart Preschooler Raise Smart Preschool Child Articles 25+ Positive\nand Negative Effects of Video Games\n\n# 25+ Positive and Negative Effects of Video Games\n\nIn: Raise Smart Preschool Child Articles\n\nPrint Email\n\nUpdated October 6, 2018 by Ronaldo Tumbokon\n\nAre video games good or bad for you? It can be both.\n\nVideo games are frowned upon by parents as time-wasters, and worse, some\neducation experts think that these games corrupt the brain. Playing violent\nvideo games are easily blamed by the media and some experts as the reason why\nsome young people become violent or commit extreme anti-social behavior. But\nmany scientists and psychologists find that video games can actually have many\nbenefits – the main one is making kids smart. Video games may actually teach\nkids high-level thinking skills that they will need in the future.\n\n“Video games change your brain,” according to University of Wisconsin\npsychologist C. Shawn Green. Playing video games change the brain’s physical\nstructure the same way as do learning to read, playing the piano, or\nnavigating using a map. Much like exercise can build muscle, the powerful\ncombination of concentration and rewarding surges of neurotransmitters like\ndopamine strengthen neural circuits that can build the brain.\n\nAccording to Marc Palaus, author of the study published in Frontiers in Human\nNeuroscience, there is a broad consensus in the scientific community that\nplaying video games not only changes how the brain performs, but also its\nstructure.\n\nBelow are the good and bad effects of video games – their benefits and\ndisadvantages, according to researchers and child experts:\n\n## The Benefits: Positive Effects of Video Games\n\nWhen your child plays video games, it gives his brain a real workout. In many\nvideo games, the skills required to win involve abstract and high level\nthinking. These skills are not even taught at school.\n\nThe main benefits of playing video games involve enhancing mental skills that\ninclude:\n\n 1. Problem solving and logic – When a child plays a game such as The Incredible Machine, Angry Birds or Cut The Rope, he trains his brain to come up with creative ways to solve puzzles and other problems in short bursts\n 2. Hand-eye coordination, fine motor and spatial skills. In shooting games, the character may be running and shooting at the same time. This requires the real-world player to keep track of the position of the character, where he/she is heading, his speed, where the gun is aiming, if the gunfire is hitting the enemy, and so on. All these factors need to be taken into account, and then the player must then coordinate the brain’s interpretation and reaction with the movement in his hands and fingertips. This process requires a great deal of eye-hand coordination and visual-spatial ability to be successful. Research also suggests that people can learn iconic, spatial, and visual attention skills from video games. There have been even studies with adults showing that experience with video games is related to better surgical skills. Also, a reason given by experts as to why fighter pilots of today are more skillful is that this generation’s pilots are being weaned on video games.\n 3. Planning, resource management and logistics. The player learns to manage resources that are limited, and decide the best use of resources, the same way as in real life. This skill is honed in strategy games such as SimCity, Age of Empires, and Railroad Tycoon. Notably, The American Planning Association, the trade association of urban planners and Maxis, the game creator, have claimed that SimCity has inspired a lot of its players to take a career in urban planning and architecture.\n 4. Multitasking, simultaneous tracking of many shifting variables and managing multiple objectives. In strategy games, for instance, while developing a city, an unexpected surprise like an enemy might emerge. This forces the player to be flexible and quickly change tactics.\n\nCognitive researcher Daphne Bavalier talks about how video games can help us\nlearn, focus and, fascinatingly, multitask.\n\n 5. Quick thinking, making fast analysis and decisions. Sometimes the player does this almost every second of the game giving the brain a real workout. According to researchers at the University of Rochester, led by Daphne Bavelier, a cognitive scientist, games simulating stressful events such as those found in battle or action games could be a training tool for real-world situations. The study suggests that playing action video games primes the brain to make quick decisions. Video games can be used to train soldiers and surgeons, according to the study. Importantly, decisions made by action-packed video game players are no less accurate. According to Bavelier, “Action game players make more correct decisions per unit time. If you are a surgeon or you are in the middle of a battlefield, that can make all the difference.”\n 6. Accuracy – Action games, according to a study by the University of Rochester, train the player’s brain to make faster decisions without losing accuracy. In today’s world, it is important to move quickly without sacrificing accuracy.\n 7. Strategy and anticipation – Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad is Good For You: How Today’s Popular Culture is Actually Making Us Smarter, calls this “telescoping.” The gamer must deal with immediate problems while keeping his long-term goals on his horizon.\n 8. Situational awareness – – Defense News reported that the Army include video games to train soldiers to improve their situational awareness in combat. Many strategy games also require the player to become mindful of sudden situational changes in the game and adapt accordingly.\n 9. Developing reading and math skills – The young gamer reads to get instructions, follow storylines of games, and get information from the game texts. Also, using math skills is important to win in many games that involves quantitative analysis like managing resources.\n 10. Perseverance – In higher levels of a game, the player usually fails the first time around, but he keeps on trying until he succeeds and move on to the next level.\n 11. Pattern recognition – Games have internal logic in them, and the player figures it out by recognizing patterns.\n 12. Estimating skills\n 13. Inductive reasoning and hypothesis testing – James Paul Gee, professor of education at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, says that playing a video game is similar to working through a science problem. Like a student in a laboratory, the gamer must come up with a hypothesis. For example, the gamer must constantly try out combinations of weapons and powers to use to defeat an enemy. If one does not work, he changes hypothesis and try the next one. Video games are goal-driven experiences, says Gee, which are fundamental to learning.\n 14. Mapping – The gamer use in-game maps or build maps on his head to navigate around virtual worlds.\n 15. Memory – Playing first person shooter games such as Call of Duty and Battlefield series enables the player to effectively judge what information should be stored in his working memory and what can be discarded considering the task at hand, according to a study published in the Psychological Research.\n 16. Concentration – A study conducted by the Appalachia Educational Laboratory reveal that children with attention-deficit disorder who played Dance Dance Revolution improve their reading scores by helping them concentrate.\n 17. Improved ability to rapidly and accurately recognize visual information – A study from Beth Israel Medical Center NY, found a direct link between skill at video gaming and skill at keyhole, or laparoscopic, surgery. Doctors who spent at least three hours a week playing video games made about 37 % fewer mistakes in surgery and performed the task 27% faster than non-gaming surgeons. Another study found that people who play video games on a regular basis are better at registering visual data and are therefore quicker visual learners. They are also more resistant to perceptual interference, and are therefore able to learn for a longer period of time in distracting environments.\n 18. Reasoned judgments\n 19. Taking risks – Winning in any game involves a player’s courage to take risks. Most games do not reward players who play safely.\n 20. How to respond to challenges\n 21. How to respond to frustrations\n 22. How to explore and rethink goals\n 23. Teamwork and cooperation when played with others – Many multiplayer games such as Team Fortress 2 involve cooperation with other online players in order to win. These games encourage players to make the most of their individual skills to contribute to the team. According to a survey by Joan Ganz Cooney Center, teachers report that their students become better collaborators after using digital games in the classroom.\n 24. Management – Management simulation games such as Rollercoaster Tycoon and Zoo tycoon teach the player to make management decisions and manage the effective use of finite resources. Other games such as Age of Empires and Civilization even simulate managing the course of a civilization.\n 25. Simulation, real world skills. The most well known simulations are flight simulators, which attempt to mimic the reality of flying a plane. All of the controls, including airspeed, wing angles, altimeter, and so on, are displayed for the player, as well as a visual representation of the world, and are updated in real time.\n\nSee also List of Video Games That May Be Good for the Brain\n\n## Other Benefits of Video Games:\n\n * Video games introduce your kid to computer technology and the online world. You should recognize that we are now living in a high-tech, sophisticated world. Video games make your kid adapt and be comfortable with the concepts of computing. This is particularly important for girls who typically are not as interested in high technology as much as boys.\n * Video games allow you and your kid to play together and can be a good bonding activity. Some games are attractive to kids as well as adults, and they could be something that they share in common. When your child knows more than you, he can teach you how to play and this allows you to understand your child’s skills and talents.\n * Video games make learning fun. Your kid likes games because of the colors, the animation, the eye candy, as well as the interactivity and the challenge and the rewards of winning. The best way to learn is when the learner is having fun at the same time. That’s why video games are natural teachers. Having fun gives your kid motivation to keep on practicing, which is the only way to learn skills. Video games is also capable of making difficult subjects such as math fun.\n * Video games can make your kid creative. A study by the Michigan State University’s Children and Technology Project found a relation between video game playing and greater creativity, regardless of gender, race or type of video game played. (In contrast, use of cell phones, the Internet and computers other than video games was unrelated to creativity, the study found).\n * Video games can improve your kid’s decision making speed. People who played action-based video and computer games made decisions 25% faster than others without sacrificing accuracy, according to a study from the University of Rochester. Other studies suggests that most expert gamers can make choices and act on them up to six times a second—four times faster than most people, and can pay attention to more than six things at once without getting confused, compared to only four by the average person. Surprisingly, the violent action games that often worry parents most had the strongest beneficial effect on the brain, according to cognitive neuroscientist Daphne Bavelier, who studies the effect of action games at Switzerland’s University of Geneva and the University of Rochester in New York.\n * Video games increase your kid’s self-confidence and self-esteem as he masters games. In many games, the levels of difficulty are adjustable. As a beginner, your kid begins at the easy level and by constant practicing and slowly building skills, he becomes confident in handling more difficult challenges. Since the cost of failure is lower, he does not fear making mistakes. He takes more risks and explores more. Your kid can transfer this attitude to real life.\n * Video games give your child a feeling of happiness or well-being, which is a human psychological need, according to Berni Good, a cyberpsychologist. In addition to giving your child a sense of competence or mastery when he progresses through game levels, video gaming also helps him relate to others in a meaningful way when he shares his gaming experiences with others in multiplayer gaming or in social media. It also gives him a feeling of being a master of his own destiny.\n * Games that involve multiple players encourage your child to work cooperatively to achieve his goals. Your kid learns to listen to the ideas of others, formulate plans with other kids, and distribute tasks based on skills. Some online games are even played internationally, and this can introduce your kid to players of different nationalities and cultures. This fosters friendships among different people.\n * Video games that require your kid to be active, such as Dance Dance Revolution and Nintendo Wii Boxing, and games that use Kinect, give your kid a good workout. When playing these active games for 10 minutes, your kid spends energy equal to or exceeding that produced by spending the same amount of time on a three miles an hour treadmill walk.\n * Video games make players’ visions become more sensitive to slightly different shades of color, according to a University of Rochester study. This is called contrast sensitivity, and observed particularly in first person shooter games players. “When people play action games, they’re changing the brain’s pathway responsible for visual processing,” according to lead researcher Daphne Bavelier. The training might be helping the visual system to make better use of the information it receives.\n * Video games may improve eyesight. Studies have shown that video gaming have better than average eyesight. A study performed by researchers from McMaster University has also found that playing video games could help improve eyesight by teaching the brain to spot small details, follow movements and spot subtle light changes, at least for people with visual difficulties. Another study by vision scientists at the University of Rochester and Vanderbilt University found that children with poor vision see vast improvement in their peripheral vision after only eight hours of training via kid-friendly video games.\n * Video games help children with dyslexia read faster and with better accuracy, according to a study by the journal Current Biology. In addition, spatial and temporal attention also improved during action video game training. Attentional improvement can directly translate into better reading abilities. Another study suggests that just one hour of gaming can improve visual selective attention, which is how scientists refer to the brain’s ability to focus while simultaneously disregarding less relevant information.\n * Dr. Adam Gazzaley, a neuroscientist at the University of California states that playing first person shooter games such as Call of Duty have shown to have a “benefit on high congnitive abilities” including focusing for long periods and multi-tasking. He even suggests that these games can be prescribed to children who are struggling to focus in class.\n * Kids are not necessarily drawn to video games because of their violence. The attraction lies in their being rewarded by awesome displays of explosions, fireworks, and yes, blood splattering. Also, violent games have the most emotional appeal for kids. But these factors are only secondary to what kids actually enjoy in these games – the opportunity to develop and master skills and have the freedom to make choices in the game universe.\n * Violent video games may act as a release of pent-up aggression and frustration of your kid. When your kid vents his frustration and anger in his game, this diffuses his stress. Games can provide a positive aggression outlet the same way as football and other violent sports.\n * Playing video games is safer than having your teens do drugs, alcohol and street racing in the real world.\n * A study done by researchers at North Carolina State University, York University and the University of Ontario Institute of Technology concluded that playing online games do not replace offline social lives, but is expanding it. Loners are the outliers in gaming, not the norm.\n * A 2013 study by the Berlin’s Max Planck Institute for Human Development and St. Hedwig-Hospital found a significant gray matter increase in the right hippocampus, the right prefrontal cortex and the cerebellum of those who played Super Mario 64 for 30 minutes a day over two months. These regions of the brain are crucial for spatial navigation, strategic planning, working memory and motor performance. Indeed, the increased gray matter in these parts of the brain is positively correlated with better memory. Decreased gray matter is correlated with bipolar disorder and dementia. What’s also striking is that those who enjoyed playing the game has a more pronounced gain in gray matter volume. The study suggests that video game training could be used to counteract known risk factors for smaller hippocampus and prefrontal cortex volume in, for example, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia and neurodegenerative disease.\n * Other studies found that playing video games change the structure of the brain. Brain regions involved in attention were more efficient in gamers, and regions related to visuospatial skills that were both bigger and more efficient.\n * Another study published in Scientific Reports have found that Action Video Gamers have more gray matter and better integration of brain networks associated with attention and sensorimotor function.\n * A Bristol University research shows that the “gamification” of learning can reduce the activity of a particular brain network which is responsible for mind wandering. When designed and developed properly, computer-based games can have a beneficial effect on learning.\n * A number of research, including the one done in Ruhr-University Bochum show that video gamers have an advantage at learning compared to non-gamers. In their test, video gamers performed significantly better than non-gamers in a learning competition, and gamers showed an increased activity in the brain areas relevant for learning. According to the lead author Sabrina Schenk, “Our study shows that gamers are better in analyzing a situation quickly, to generate new knowledge and to categorize facts — especially in situations with high uncertainties.”\n * A study published in the journal Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology in 2016 suggests that “video game use is not associated with an increased risk of mental health problems. On the contrary, the data presented here suggest that video games are a protective factor, especially regarding peer relationship problems for the children who are the most involved in video games. Finally, video games seem to be linked to better intellectual functioning and academic achievement.”\n * Another study suggests that playing some video games may even overcome the cognitive skills affected by poverty like focus, self-control, and memory, and may help reduce the achievement gaps related to poverty that are seen in school.\n * Video games can stimulate your child’s interest in technology, and can be gateway to learn technological skills such as coding or programming.\n * Finally, according to a study, gamers actually tend to be more social, more successful and more educated than people who make fun of them.\n * Considering all these, be reminded again that the type of genre affects the brain differently, and one should not generalize that all video games have the same effect or benefit. For example, the researchers of a study hypothesize that playing strategy games result in improving memory tasks, while playing action games that stimulate the limbic area and elicit emotional arousal might be beneficial to those with mood disorders.\n * Experts believe that parents playing video games with their kids can boost better communication between them.\n\nSee also: How to choose a video game for your child and yourself\n\n## The Drawbacks: Negative Effects of Video Games\n\n * Most of the bad effects of video games are blamed on the violence they contain. Children who play more violent video games are more likely to have increased aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, and decreased prosocial helping, according to a scientific study (Anderson & Bushman, 2001). Also according to Dmitri A. Christakis of the Seattle Children’s Research Institute, those who watch a lot of simulated violence, such as those in video games, can become immune to it, more inclined to act violently themselves, and are less likely to behave emphatically. Another study suggests that chronic exposure to violent video games is not only associated with lower empathy, but emotional callousness as well. This, however, is still hotly debated because there is also evidence that shows that excessive use of video games does not lead to long-term desensitization and lack of empathy. A 2017 study published in Frontiers in Psychology, for example, didn’t find any long-term effects of playing violent video games and empathy. Another study from University of York found no evidence to support the theory that video games make players more violent, and another study suggests that there is no increase in the level of aggression of players who had long-term exposure to violent video games..\n\n * On the other hand, The American Psychological Association (APA) concluded that there is a “consistent correlation” between violent game use and aggression, but finds insufficient evidence to link violent video play to criminal violence. An open letter by a number of media scholars, psychologists and criminologists, however, find APA’s study and conclusion to be misleading and alarmist. Many experts including Henry Jenkins of Massachusetts Institute of Technology have noted that there is a decreased rate of juvenile crime which coincides with the popularity of games such as Death Race, Mortal Kombat, Doom and Grand Theft auto. He concludes that teenage players are able to leave the emotional effects of the game behind when the game is over. Indeed there are cases of teenagers who commit violent crimes who also spend great amount of time playing video games such as those involved in the Columbine and Newport cases. It appears that there will always be violent people, and it just so happen that many of them also enjoy playing violent video games.\n * Some experts also believe that the effect of video game violence in kids is worsened by the games’ interactive nature. In many games, kids are rewarded for being more violent. The act of violence is done repeatedly. The child is in control of the violence and experiences the violence in his own eyes (killings, kicking, stabbing and shooting). This active participation, repetition and reward are effective tools for learning behavior. Indeed, many studies seem to indicate that violent video games may be related to aggressive behavior (such as Anderson & Dill, 2000; Gentile, Lynch & Walsh, 2004). However, the evidence is not consistent and this issue is far from settled.\n * In 2018, an analysis of 24 studies involving 17000 youngsters from countries including the U.S., Canada, Germany and Japan and published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found those who played violent games such as “Grand Theft Auto,” “Call of Duty” and “Manhunt” were more likely to exhibit behavior such as being sent to the principal’s office for fighting or hitting a non-family member. According to Jay Hull, the study’s lead author “If your kids are playing these games, either these games are having a warping effect on right and wrong or they have a warped sense of right or wrong and that’s why they are attracted to these games. Either way you should be concerned about it.” Hull’s previous research suggests players may also practice riskier behaviors such as reckless driving, binge drinking, smoking and unsafe sex.\n * Kids can be addicted to video gaming. The World Health Organization in June 2018 declared gaming addiction as a mental health disorder. A study by the Minneapolis-based National Institute for Media and the Family suggests that video games can be addictive for kids, and that the kids’ addiction to video games increases their depression and anxiety levels. Addicted kids also exhibit social phobias. Not surprisingly, kids addicted to video games see their school performance suffer. MRI scans reveal that addictive video games can have a similar effect on kids’ brains as drugs and alcohol. A series of studines by California State University found that the impulsive part of the brain, known as the amygdala-striatal system was more sensitive and smaller in excessive game players. According to Professor Ofir Turel, heavy game players between 13 and 15 whose self-control system is not yet well-developed can have increased susceptibility to other forms of addiction and can be more predisposed to impulsive and risky behaviors later in life.\n\nClick here for more info on video game addiction, how to treat it, and tips on\nhow to avoid getting your kids addicted to video games.\n\n * A 2017 study from the Université de Montréal suggests that playing action video games like Call of Duty may actually harm the brain. Most study participants mainly use an area of the brain called the caudate nucleus. These players navigate through the game terrain using in-system navigation tools or on-screen GPS, relying on navigational “habit” instead of active learning. It appears that this causes an increase in the amount of gray matter in their caudate nucleus, while it decreases in the hippocampus. Reduced gray matter in the hippocampus has previously been linked to higher risks of brain illnesses, including depression, schizophrenia, PTSD, and Alzheimer’s disease. However players who play games that requires players to navigate using spatial strategies like the 3D Super Mario games have increased grey matter in the hippocampus.\n * Too much video game playing makes your kid socially isolated. Also, he may spend less time in other activities such as doing homework, reading, sports, and interacting with the family and friends. On the other hand, a study by researchers at the North Carolina State University, New York and the University Of Ontario Institute Of Technology points out that gamers usually do not replace their offline social lives with online game playing, but rather it expands them. In fact, among gamers, being a loner is not the norm.\n * Some video games teach kids the wrong values. Violent behavior, vengeance and aggression are rewarded. Negotiating and other nonviolent solutions are often not options. Women are often portrayed as weaker characters that are helpless or sexually provocative. On the other hand, a University of Buffalo study suggests that violence and bad behavior played in the virtual world may be contributing to better behavior in the real world. Gamers who play violent games may feel guilty about their behavior in the virtual world and this may make them be more sensitive to the moral issues they violated during game play.\n * Games can confuse reality and fantasy.\n * Academic achievement may be negatively related to over-all time spent playing video games. Studies have shown that the more time a kid spends playing video games, the poorer is his performance in school. (Anderson & Dill, 2000; Gentile, Lynch & Walsh, 2004). A study by Argosy University’s Minnesota School on Professional Psychology found that video game addicts argue a lot with their teachers, fight a lot with their friends, and score lower grades than others who play video games less often. Other studies show that many game players routinely skip their homework to play games, and many students admitted that their video game habits are often responsible for poor school grades.\n * Although some studies suggest that playing video games enhances a child’s concentration, other studies, such as a 2012 paper published in Psychology of Popular Media Culture, have found that games can hurt and help children’s attention issues — improving the ability to concentrate in short bursts but damaging long-term concentration.\n * Dr Philip A Chan and Professor Terry Rabinowitz, writing in the Annals of General Psychiatry, concluded that: “Adolescents who play more than one hour of console or Internet video games may have more or more intense symptoms of ADHD or inattention than those who do not.” This negative effect may lead to problems in school.\n * Video games may also have bad effects on some children’s health, including obesity, video-induced seizures. and postural, muscular and skeletal disorders, such as tendonitis, nerve compression, carpal tunnel syndrome.\n * When playing online, your kid can pick up bad language and behavior from other people, and may make your kid vulnerable to online dangers.\n * Kids spending too much time playing video games may exhibit impulsive behavior and have attention problems. This is according to a new study published in the February 2012 issue of the Journal of Psychology and Popular Media Culture. For the study, attention problems were defined as difficulty engaging in or sustaining behavior to reach a goal.\n * According to Catherine Steiner-Adair, a Harvard-affiliated psychologist and author of the best-selling book “The Big Disconnect: Protecting Childhood and Family Relationship in the Digital Age”, if kids are allowed to play “Candy Crush” on the way to school, the trip will be quiet, but it’s not what kids need. “They need time to daydream, deal with anxieties, process their thoughts and share them with parents, who can provide reassurance.”\n\nSee also: The Best Educational Apps for Toddler and Babies\n\nRelated: Positive and negative effects of social media on children.\n\n##### Educational Toys and Games to Help Make Your Kids Smart\n\n### Comments\n\ncomments\n\n * Previous\n\n### How to Choose a Video Game for your Child (and Yourself)\n\n * Next\n\n### 14 Benefits of Coding for Kids and Students\n\n## Related Articles\n\n * #### Tips on How To Raise a Smart Preschool Kid\n\nSeptember 12, 2018\n\n * #### Benefits of Arts to Kids\n\nAugust 26, 2015\n\n * #### The Benefits of Exercise On Your Kid’s Brain\n\nAugust 26, 2015\n\n### Latest Posts\n\n * You Can’t Teach Baby to Read, Studies Say. Do These Instead\n * 14 Benefits of Coding for Kids and Students\n * How to Choose a Video Game for your Child (and Yourself)\n * How to Treat your Child’s Video Game Addiction\n * How to Discipline Your Toddler: Age-Appropriate Tips for your 1 – 3 Year Old\n * Raising a Creative Child: What You Need to Know\n\n### Popular Articles\n\n * Best Educational Toys and Gift Ideas for Children 2019\n * Benefits of Video Games: The Positive & Negative Effects\n * The Good and Bad Effects of TV on Children\n * 40 Parenting Tips On How To Raise A Smart Child\n * Baby’s Brain Development During Pregnancy: What To Avoid, What To Eat\n * The Effects of TV on Baby\n * Benefits of Reading To Your Child\n * The Benefits of Music Education on Children\n * All Articles\n * Privacy\n\nCopyright 2015 RaiseSmartKid.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.pri.org/stories/2014-09-18/your-paper-brain-and-your-kindle-brain-arent-same-thing", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190512103829/https://www.pri.org/stories/2014-09-18/your-paper-brain-and-your-kindle-brain-arent-same-thing", "parsed_text": { "title": "Neuroscience says reading on screens uses a different part of the brain than reading on paper", "passages": [ "A commuter reads on a Kindle e-reader while riding the subway in Cambridge, Mass. Neuroscience says the way his brain treats reading on the Kindle is different than the way the brain processes the newspaper next to him.", "Would you like paper or plasma? That's the question book lovers face now that e-reading has gone mainstream. And, as it turns out, our brains process digital reading very differently.", "Manoush Zomorodi, managing editor and host of WNYC's New Tech City, recalls a conversation with the Washington Post's Mike Rosenwald, who's researched the effects of reading on a screen. “He found, like I did, that when he sat down to read a book his brain was jumping around on the page. He was skimming and he couldn’t just settle down. He was treating a book like he was treating his Twitter feed,\" she says.", "Neuroscience, in fact, has revealed that humans use different parts of the brain when reading from a piece of paper or from a screen. So the more you read on screens, the more your mind shifts towards \"non-linear\" reading — a practice that involves things like skimming a screen or having your eyes dart around a web page.", "“They call it a ‘bi-literate’ brain,” Zoromodi says. “The problem is that many of us have adapted to reading online just too well. And if you don’t use the deep reading part of your brain, you lose the deep reading part of your brain.”", "So what's deep reading? It's the concentrated kind we do when we want to \"immerse ourselves in a novel or read a mortgage document,” Zoromodi says. And that uses the kind of long-established linear reading you don't typically do on a computer. “Dense text that we really want to understand requires deep reading, and on the internet we don’t do that.”", "Linear reading and digital distractions have caught the attention of academics like Maryanne Wolf, director of the Center for Reading and Language Research at Tufts University.", "“I don’t worry that we’ll become dumb because of the Internet,” Wolf says, \"but I worry we will not use our most preciously acquired deep reading processes because we’re just given too much stimulation. That’s, I think, the nub of the problem.”", "To keep the deep reading part of the brain alive and kicking, Zomorodi says that researchers like Wolf recommend setting aside some time each day to deep read on paper.", "And now that children are seemingly growing up with a digital screen in each hand, Wolf says it’s also important that teachers and parents make sure kids are taking some time away from scattered reading. Adults need to ensure that children also practice the deeper, slow reading that we associate with books on paper.", "“I think the evidence someday will be able to show us that what we’re after is a discerning ‘bi-literate’ brain,” Wolf says. “That’s going to take some wisdom on our part.”", "UPDATE 9/22/14: Many of you have asked about the original research in this article. Here are a few resources: Wolf explained her research in an essay for Nieman Reports. Ziming Liu at San Jose State University found that when we read on screens we spend more time browsing and scanning, performing \"non- linear reading.\" For an even deeper read, here's Liu's 2008 book on the subject. Anne Mangen at the University of Norway found that readers retain plot elements better when they read in print instead of on a Kindle. But a study in PLOS found that reading e-ink is a lot like reading on paper in terms of visual fatigue.", "This story originally aired on PRI's The Takeaway, a public radio program that invites you to be part of the American conversation.", "We use cookies to understand how you use our site and to improve your experience. To learn more, review our Cookie Policy. By continuing to use our site, you accept our use of cookies and Privacy Policy." ] }, "parsed_md": "Neuroscience says reading on screens uses a different part of the brain than\nreading on paper\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Donate\n\nTechnology\n\n# Your paper brain and your Kindle brain aren't the same thing\n\nThe Takeaway\n\nSeptember 18, 2014 · 4:15 AM EDT\n\nEditor T.J. Raphael\n\n### Player utilities\n\n * Popout\n * Share\n\ndownload\n\nListen to the story.\n\nA commuter reads on a Kindle e-reader while riding the subway in Cambridge,\nMass. Neuroscience says the way his brain treats reading on the Kindle is\ndifferent than the way the brain processes the newspaper next to him.\n\nCredit:\n\nBrian Snyder/Reuters\n\nShare\n\nWould you like paper or plasma? That's the question book lovers face now that\ne-reading has gone mainstream. And, as it turns out, our brains process\ndigital reading very differently.\n\nManoush Zomorodi, managing editor and host of WNYC's New Tech City, recalls a\nconversation with the Washington Post's Mike Rosenwald, who's researched the\neffects of reading on a screen. “He found, like I did, that when he sat down\nto read a book his brain was jumping around on the page. He was skimming and\nhe couldn’t just settle down. He was treating a book like he was treating his\nTwitter feed,\" she says.\n\nNeuroscience, in fact, has revealed that humans use different parts of the\nbrain when reading from a piece of paper or from a screen. So the more you\nread on screens, the more your mind shifts towards \"non-linear\" reading — a\npractice that involves things like skimming a screen or having your eyes dart\naround a web page.\n\n“They call it a ‘bi-literate’ brain,” Zoromodi says. “The problem is that many\nof us have adapted to reading online just too well. And if you don’t use the\ndeep reading part of your brain, you lose the deep reading part of your\nbrain.”\n\nSo what's deep reading? It's the concentrated kind we do when we want to\n\"immerse ourselves in a novel or read a mortgage document,” Zoromodi says. And\nthat uses the kind of long-established linear reading you don't typically do\non a computer. “Dense text that we really want to understand requires deep\nreading, and on the internet we don’t do that.”\n\nLinear reading and digital distractions have caught the attention of academics\nlike Maryanne Wolf, director of the Center for Reading and Language Research\nat Tufts University.\n\n“I don’t worry that we’ll become dumb because of the Internet,” Wolf says,\n\"but I worry we will not use our most preciously acquired deep reading\nprocesses because we’re just given too much stimulation. That’s, I think, the\nnub of the problem.”\n\nTo keep the deep reading part of the brain alive and kicking, Zomorodi says\nthat researchers like Wolf recommend setting aside some time each day to deep\nread on paper.\n\nAnd now that children are seemingly growing up with a digital screen in each\nhand, Wolf says it’s also important that teachers and parents make sure kids\nare taking some time away from scattered reading. Adults need to ensure that\nchildren also practice the deeper, slow reading that we associate with books\non paper.\n\n“I think the evidence someday will be able to show us that what we’re after is\na discerning ‘bi-literate’ brain,” Wolf says. “That’s going to take some\nwisdom on our part.”\n\nUPDATE 9/22/14: Many of you have asked about the original research in this\narticle. Here are a few resources: Wolf explained her research in an essay for\nNieman Reports. Ziming Liu at San Jose State University found that when we\nread on screens we spend more time browsing and scanning, performing \"non-\nlinear reading.\" For an even deeper read, here's Liu's 2008 book on the\nsubject. Anne Mangen at the University of Norway found that readers retain\nplot elements better when they read in print instead of on a Kindle. But a\nstudy in PLOS found that reading e-ink is a lot like reading on paper in terms\nof visual fatigue.\n\nThis story originally aired on PRI's The Takeaway, a public radio program that\ninvites you to be part of the American conversation.\n\nRELATED: How winter, even a mild one, messes with your brain\n\n## Related Stories\n\n * How to avoid accidentally becoming a Russian agent\n\n * What does Assange's arrest mean for press freedom?\n\n * WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange has been arrested in London\n\n * Australia's new rapid-removal law for violent videos may be a 'knee-jerk' reaction\n\nCategories:\n\nScience & TechnologyTechnologyEnvironment\n\nTagged:\n\nMike RosenwaldMaryanne WolfManoush ZomorodiKindlee-booksbookse-\nreaderstechnology\n\n## Latest Content\n\n * Trump says trade wars are 'easy to win.' (They're not.)\n\n * A veteran of superhero comics took on immigration, language and the comic book industry\n\n * 'I get screamed at in the streets': Colombia's patience with Venezuelan migrants wears thin\n\n * Venezuelan lawmakers seek refuge in embassies after crackdown on Guaidó allies\n\n * Jared Kushner's peace plan that nobody loves\n\n#### We are Public Media\n\nSupport us with a monthly recurring gift\n\nDonate\n\n#### Sign up for The Scan\n\nPRI's daily email newsletter\n\nMajor funding provided by:\n\nA Partner of OZY Media News\n\n * About PRI\n * Contact us\n * Donate\n * Meet the PRI.org Team\n * Privacy policy\n * Terms of use\n\n©2019 Public Radio International\n\nclose\n\nWe use cookies to understand how you use our site and to improve your\nexperience. To learn more, review our Cookie Policy. By continuing to use our\nsite, you accept our use of cookies and Privacy Policy.\n\nOk, I understand. Close\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.buffalo.edu/news/releases/2014/06/037.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190321094948/http://www.buffalo.edu/news/releases/2014/06/037.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "‘Bad’ video game behavior increases players’ moral sensitivity", "passages": [ "A study led by Matthew Grizzard has shown that playing violent video games may lead to increased moral sensitivity in players.", "BUFFALO, N.Y. — New evidence suggests heinous behavior played out in a virtual environment can lead to players’ increased sensitivity toward the moral codes they violated.", "That is the surprising finding of a study led by Matthew Grizzard, PhD, assistant professor in the University at Buffalo Department of Communication, and co-authored by researchers at Michigan State University and the University of Texas, Austin.", "“Rather than leading players to become less moral,” Grizzard says, “this research suggests that violent video-game play may actually lead to increased moral sensitivity. This may, as it does in real life, provoke players to engage in voluntary behavior that benefits others.”", "Grizzard points out that several recent studies, including this one, have found that committing immoral behaviors in a video game elicits feelings of guilt in players who commit them.", "The current study found such guilt can lead players to be more sensitive to the moral issues they violated during game play. Other studies have established that in real life scenarios, guilt evoked by immoral behavior in the “real-world” elicits pro-social behaviors in most people.", "Researchers induced guilt in participants by having them play a video game where they violated two of five moral domains: care/harm, fairness/reciprocity, in-group loyalty, respect for authority, and purity/sanctity.", "“We found that after a subject played a violent video game, they felt guilt and that guilt was associated with greater sensitivity toward the two particular domains they violated — those of care/harm and fairness/reciprocity,” Grizzard says. The first includes behaviors marked by cruelty, abuse and lack of compassion, and the second, by injustice or the denial of the rights of others.", "“Our findings suggest that emotional experiences evoked by media exposure can increase the intuitive foundations upon which human beings make moral judgments,” Grizzard says. “This is particularly relevant for video-game play, where habitual engagement with that media is the norm for a small, but considerably important group of users.”", "Grizzard explains that in life and in game, specific definitions of moral behavior in each domain will vary from culture to culture and situation to situation.", "“For instance,” he says, “an American who played a violent game ‘as a terrorist’ would likely consider his avatar’s unjust and violent behavior — violations of the fairness/reciprocity and harm/care domains — to be more immoral than when he or she performed the same acts in the role of a ‘UN peacekeeper.’”", "In conducting the study, researchers combined a model of intuitive morality and exemplars representing current advances in moral psychology with media- effects theories to explain how mediated or indirect experiences influence individuals’ moral judgments.", "The study involved 185 subjects who were randomly assigned to either a guilt- inducing condition — in which they played a shooter game as a terrorist or were asked to recall real-life acts that induced guilt — or a control condition — shooter game play as a UN soldier and the recollection of real- life acts that did not induce guilt.", "After completing the video game or the memory recall, participants completed a three-item guilt scale and a 30-item moral foundations questionnaire designed to assess the importance to them of the five moral domains cited above.", "Correlations were calculated among the variables in the study, with separate correlation matrices calculated for the video-game conditions and the memory- recall conditions. The study found significant positive correlations between video-game guilt and the moral foundations violated during game play.", "In May, a study by Tamborini, Grizzard, Lewis and three other authors published in Journal of Communication described mechanisms involved in exposure to entertainment and moral judgment processes.", "Patricia Donovan has retired from University Communications. To contact UB's media relations staff, call 716-645-6969 or visit our list of current university media contacts. Sorry for the inconvenience." ] }, "parsed_md": "‘Bad’ video game behavior increases players’ moral sensitivity - University at\nBuffalo\n\n * UB Home\n * Maps\n * UB Directory\n\nNews Center\n\nOfficial UB news and information for the media\n\nContact Us\n\nLoading menu...\n\n * News Center >\n * News Releases >\n * ‘Bad’ video game behavior increases players’ moral sensitivity\n\n# ‘Bad’ video game behavior increases players’ moral sensitivity\n\nA study led by Matthew Grizzard has shown that playing violent video games may\nlead to increased moral sensitivity in players.\n\n## Researchers suggest this may lead to pro-social behavior in the real world\n\n### By Pat Donovan\n\nRelease Date: June 26, 2014\n\nShare This\n\nPrint\n\n“We suggest that pro-social behavior also may result when guilt is provoked by\nvirtual behavior.”\n\nMatthew Grizzard, assistant professor of communication\n\nUniversity at Buffalo\n\nBUFFALO, N.Y. — New evidence suggests heinous behavior played out in a virtual\nenvironment can lead to players’ increased sensitivity toward the moral codes\nthey violated.\n\nThat is the surprising finding of a study led by Matthew Grizzard, PhD,\nassistant professor in the University at Buffalo Department of Communication,\nand co-authored by researchers at Michigan State University and the University\nof Texas, Austin.\n\n“Rather than leading players to become less moral,” Grizzard says, “this\nresearch suggests that violent video-game play may actually lead to increased\nmoral sensitivity. This may, as it does in real life, provoke players to\nengage in voluntary behavior that benefits others.”\n\nThe study, “Being Bad in a Video Game Can Make Us More Morally Sensitive,” was\npublished online ahead of print on June 20 in the journal Cyberpsychology,\nBehavior and Social Networking.\n\nGrizzard points out that several recent studies, including this one, have\nfound that committing immoral behaviors in a video game elicits feelings of\nguilt in players who commit them.\n\nThe current study found such guilt can lead players to be more sensitive to\nthe moral issues they violated during game play. Other studies have\nestablished that in real life scenarios, guilt evoked by immoral behavior in\nthe “real-world” elicits pro-social behaviors in most people.\n\n“We suggest that pro-social behavior also may result when guilt is provoked by\nvirtual behavior,” Grizzard says.\n\nResearchers induced guilt in participants by having them play a video game\nwhere they violated two of five moral domains: care/harm,\nfairness/reciprocity, in-group loyalty, respect for authority, and\npurity/sanctity.\n\n“We found that after a subject played a violent video game, they felt guilt\nand that guilt was associated with greater sensitivity toward the two\nparticular domains they violated — those of care/harm and\nfairness/reciprocity,” Grizzard says. The first includes behaviors marked by\ncruelty, abuse and lack of compassion, and the second, by injustice or the\ndenial of the rights of others.\n\n“Our findings suggest that emotional experiences evoked by media exposure can\nincrease the intuitive foundations upon which human beings make moral\njudgments,” Grizzard says. “This is particularly relevant for video-game play,\nwhere habitual engagement with that media is the norm for a small, but\nconsiderably important group of users.”\n\nGrizzard explains that in life and in game, specific definitions of moral\nbehavior in each domain will vary from culture to culture and situation to\nsituation.\n\n“For instance,” he says, “an American who played a violent game ‘as a\nterrorist’ would likely consider his avatar’s unjust and violent behavior —\nviolations of the fairness/reciprocity and harm/care domains — to be more\nimmoral than when he or she performed the same acts in the role of a ‘UN\npeacekeeper.’”\n\nIn conducting the study, researchers combined a model of intuitive morality\nand exemplars representing current advances in moral psychology with media-\neffects theories to explain how mediated or indirect experiences influence\nindividuals’ moral judgments.\n\nThe study involved 185 subjects who were randomly assigned to either a guilt-\ninducing condition — in which they played a shooter game as a terrorist or\nwere asked to recall real-life acts that induced guilt — or a control\ncondition — shooter game play as a UN soldier and the recollection of real-\nlife acts that did not induce guilt.\n\nAfter completing the video game or the memory recall, participants completed a\nthree-item guilt scale and a 30-item moral foundations questionnaire designed\nto assess the importance to them of the five moral domains cited above.\n\nCorrelations were calculated among the variables in the study, with separate\ncorrelation matrices calculated for the video-game conditions and the memory-\nrecall conditions. The study found significant positive correlations between\nvideo-game guilt and the moral foundations violated during game play.\n\nThe study was co-authored by Ron Tamborini, PhD, professor, Department of\nCommunication, Michigan State University; Robert J. Lewis, PhD, assistant\nprofessor, Department of Advertising and Public Relations, University of\nTexas, Austin; and Lu Wang, a former graduate student in the Department of\nCommunication at Michigan State.\n\nIn May, a study by Tamborini, Grizzard, Lewis and three other authors\npublished in Journal of Communication described mechanisms involved in\nexposure to entertainment and moral judgment processes.\n\n## Media Contact Information\n\nPatricia Donovan has retired from University Communications. To contact UB's\nmedia relations staff, call 716-645-6969 or visit our list of current\nuniversity media contacts. Sorry for the inconvenience.\n\nMeet an Expert\n\nSocial Media / RSS\n\nRead the latest in your favorite channels.\n\n## UB Mobile\n\nTake UB With You. 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All rights reserved. | Privacy | Accessibility\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.k-state.edu/counseling/topics/career/concentr.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190428092439/https://www.k-state.edu/counseling/topics/career/concentr.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Kansas State University", "passages": [ "\"I can't concentrate.\" \"My mind wanders when I try to study.\" Lack of concentration is one of the most frequent complaints heard on a college campus.", "We all have the ability to concentrate -- sometimes. Think of the times when you were engrossed in a super novel. While playing your guitar or piano. In an especially good game of cards. At a spellbinder of a movie. Total concentration.", "But at other times your thoughts are scattered, and your mind races from one thing to another. It's for those times that you need to learn and practice concentration strategies. They involve (1) learning mental self regulation and (2) arranging factors that you can immediately control.", "Learning a skill takes practice... whether it is shooting baskets, dancing, typing, writing, or concentrating. Do not confuse these strategies with medicine. When you take a medicine, it acts on the body without your having to help it.", "Concentration strategies require practice. You probably will begin to notice some change within a few days. You'll notice considerable improvement within four to six weeks of training your mind with some of the skills that follow. And that's a short period of time considering how many years you've spent not concentrating as well as you'd like.", "Then try any of the Other Mental Strategies that sound promising to you. Give them an honest try -- use them for at least three days. If you notice a little change, that suggests that the skill will be valuable and, with continued practice, will greatly improve your concentration. There are also Other Factors You Can Change now in your environment that may be helpful.", "FOR EXAMPLE: You're in class and your attention strays from the lecture to all the homework you have, to a date, to the fact that you're hungry. As you say to yourself", "You may notice that your mind often wanders (as often as several times a minute at times). Each time just say", "and refocus. Do not try to keep particular thoughts out of your mind. For example, as you sit there, close your eyes and think about anything you want to for the next three minutes except cookies. Try not to think about cookies...When you try not to think about something, it keeps coming back. (\"I'm not going to think about cookies. I'm not going to think about cookies.\")", "When you find your thoughts wandering, gently let go of that thought and, with your \"Be here now,\" return to the present.", "You might do this hundreds of times a week, if you're normal. But, you'll find that the period of time between your straying thoughts gets a little longer every few days. So be patient and keep at it. You'll see some improvement!", "This is another strategy that sounds deceptively simple. But it is the basis for concentration because it helps you to maintain your concentration and not give in to distractions.", "Hold a vibrating tuning fork next to a spider web. The spider will react and come looking for what is vibrating the web. Do it several times and the spider \"wises up\" and knows there's no bug and doesn't come looking.", "You can learn that. Train yourself not to give in to distractions. When someone enters the room, or when a door slams, do not allow yourself to participate. Rather, keep your concentration on what's in front of you.", "In lecture classes practice letting people move or cough without having to look at them - just let them \"be out there\" while you form a tunnel between you and the lecturer.", "When talking with someone keep your attention on that person, look at his face, and note what is being said. Let the rest of the world just be \"out there.\"", "Set aside a specific time each day to think about the things that keep entering your mind and interfering with your concentration. For example, set 4:30 to 5:00 p.m. as your worry/think time. When your mind is side-tracked into worrying during the day, remind yourself that you have a special time for worrying. Then, let the thought go for the present, and return your focus to your immediate activity.", "There's research on this, believe it or not! Persons who use a worry time find themselves worrying 35 percent less of the time within four weeks. That's a big change!", "when you become aware of a distracting thought, remind yourself that you have a special time to think about them,", "be sure to keep that appointment with yourself at that special time to think on the distracting thoughts of the day.", "Tallying your mental wanderings. Have a 3 x 5 inch card handy. Draw two lines dividing the card into three sections. Label them \"morning,\" \"afternoon,\" and \"evening.\"", "Each time your mind wanders, make a tally in the appropriate section. Keep a card for each day. As your skills build, you'll see the number of tallies decrease. And that's exciting!", "Rest/Stretch Time. Remember to take short breaks. Lectures are usually 50 minutes long, and that's about the length of time most people can direct their attention to one task. But, that's just an average. Your concentration time- span might be less (20-35 minutes) or longer (perhaps 90 minutes).", "When you take a break, oxygenate (get more oxygen to your brain)! Get up and walk around the room for a couple of minutes. When we sit for long periods, blood tends to pool in our lower body and legs (because of gravity). Our calves serve as pumps for our blood when we walk, getting blood flowing more evenly throughout the body. As a result, more oxygen is carried to the brain and you are more alert.", "Change Topics. Many students aid their concentration by changing the subject they are studying every one to two hours. You pay more attention to something that's different. And you can give yourself that variety by changing the subject you study regularly.", "Incentives and Rewards. Give yourself a reward when you've completed a task. The task might be small, such as stay with a difficult assignment until you've finished. An appropriate reward might be a walk around the block, a glass of water, or reading the day's cartoon in the newspaper.", "For those special projects such as term papers, design projects, or long book reviews, set up a special incentive. Upon completion, plan to give yourself a special pizza, movie, or an evening of TV.", "Incentives and rewards can be overdone. Use them for the especially difficult assignment or longer projects. When you do use them, make the rewards something you ordinarily would not give yourself.", "Increasing Your Activity Level. Your concentration wanders more easily if you just read an assignment straight through. Instead, take the heading for each section and turn it into a question. For this section, that would be, \"How can I increase my activity level while studying?\" Then study that section to answer that question. Do this routinely. The questions give us a focus for each section and increase our involvement.", "Also, as you study an assignment, make a list of questions you can bring to class. Listen to the lecture for answers to those questions.", "Shift position in your seat every so often. Don't sit there frozen in one position. The move will help keep the blood circulating, sending more oxygen to your brain and helping you remain alert.", "Skydivers, rock climbers, tightrope walkers, and lion tamers don't have trouble concentrating! You probably haven't done any of those. But, think back to some time in your life when you had that calm, total concentration. Close your eyes and recreate that time. Visualize it, if you can. Feel how you felt at that time. Now, when you begin studying tonight, recapture that focused attention and see how long you can hold it. Does it feel as if that might work? If so, begin all your study sessions with the feeling and see how long you can maintain it. With practice, your concentration will get better and better.", "Chart your energy levels. When is your energy level at its highest? When are your low energy times? Study your most difficult courses at your high energy times. Sharpest early in the evening? Study your most difficult course then. Later in the evening? Work on your easier courses or the ones you enjoy the most.", "Now that's not what most students do. Instead, they put off the tough courses until later in the evening when they are more fatigued. It's more difficult to concentrate when you're tired. Reverse that. Hard courses at peak energy times. Easier ones later. This alone can help to improve your concentration.", "Light. Make sure you have adequate light. It's essential to keeping your attention focused on what you are studying. So your eyes don't tire, use indirect lights (to avoid glare) and ones that don't flicker.", "Chair and Table. Sit on a not overly comfortable chair at a table, not sprawled out on your bed. Your bed is where you sleep and dream.", "Clear away distractions. Don't have pictures where you'll notice them when looking up from your studies. Also, put out of sight any material for other courses. Seeing it can panic you a little about all you have to do. So put it out of sight.", "Signs. Don't hesitate to put signs on your door. \"I need the grades. Please let me study.\" \"Please do not disturb.\" \"Concentrating is tough. Help me by staying away.\" Some inconsiderate person will interrupt. Ask them to come back later. If they don't leave, practice ignoring them (see the Spider Technique above).", "Take your phone off the hook. Yes, you might miss a call. But developing your concentration skills is important. It will be useful for the remainder of your life.", "Where you study can make a difference. Think about where you concentrate best. Often it's difficult to study where you live, so look for a corner in the library that's quiet and facing a wall (not a door with people coming and going or a window with a distracting view). Some students study better where they live. Find the place or places you find most conducive to concentration.", "Background music? Research on productivity with music versus without music is inconclusive. If you think you need music, choose some with no lyrics and with relatively monotonous melodies. Baroque music is the best example. Something with words, a definite beat, a catchy melody, or one of your favorite pieces can easily divert your attention, often without your being aware of it at first.", "Perhaps you might try \"white noise\" -- it masks out environmental noises and helps minimize distractions. Your radio can be an inexpensive source of white noise. Switch to FM and team to the high end of your dial. You should get a steady static or form of white noise, unless your radio is an especially good one. Or keep a fan running.", "Enough time for everything? Ever find your study of one subject interrupted by worries about getting assignments in another course done? Or waste time trying to decide what to study? Take an hour or so and do a little planning.", "First, estimate for each course the number of hours you'll need to study each week. Then work up a flexible time schedule. Include all your obligations (classes, meetings, meals, laundry, etc.). Then allocate specific time periods for studying particular subjects. When studying one course you won't worry so much about others because you'll know that you have time for them.", "Be flexible in your schedule. If you need an extra hour on a subject, continue with it and then do a little juggling to make up the study time you encroached on. You'll probably need to modify your schedule from time to time.", "If you would rather schedule smaller chunks of time, each Sunday plan the following week and change from week to week. Check to be sure you're getting study time in on all your courses.", "Rewards for Concentrating. In summary, the rewards for improving your concentration can be priceless. You'll be delighted at your ability to recall information given in lectures. You'll find yourself accomplishing more in the same period of time. It can even affect your social life. Your special friend will appreciate your undivided attention and, in return, will give you undivided attention. So will other friends. Best of all, concentration skills help your self confidence because you will realize how much more is possible when you can give your total attention.", "Originally developed in 1989 by Clifford G. Schuette, Ed.D., Counseling Services, KSU; modified for use on the Internet by Dorinda Lambert, Ph.D. in 1997." ] }, "parsed_md": "Improving Your Concentration | Career | Counseling Services | Kansas State\nUniversity\n\n# Kansas State University\n\nsearch\n\nBrowse A-Z\n\nSign in\n\n * Canvas\n * OrgSync\n * MyLibrary\n * KSIS\n * SSC\n * HRIS\n * Webmail\n\nStatus of ITS resources\n\nSign in to Connect\n\n 1. K-State home\n 2. »Counseling Services\n 3. »Resources\n 4. »Career\n 5. »Improving Your Concentration\n\n## Counseling Services\n\n * Emergencies\n * Students\n * Distance Learners\n * My Counseling Services Account\n * Self-Help Resources\n\n * Self-Help Resources\n * Academic Anxiety Online\n * Stress Management Online\n * UniversityLifeCafe\n * Manhattan Area Resources\n * Apps for Your Android or iPhone\n * Manage Your Stress\n * Faculty and Staff\n * Parents and Family\n * Professional Training\n * Confidentiality\n * About Us\n * FAQ\n * Job Vacancies\n\nCounseling Services Kansas State University 1105 Sunset Ave., Rm 101\nManhattan, KS 66502\n\n785-532-6927 785-532-3932 fax counsel@k-state.edu\n\nE-mail Policy\n\n### Improving Your Concentration\n\n\"I can't concentrate.\" \"My mind wanders when I try to study.\" Lack of\nconcentration is one of the most frequent complaints heard on a college\ncampus.\n\nConcentration: the ability to direct one's thinking in whatever direction one\nwould intend.\n\nWe all have the ability to concentrate -- sometimes. Think of the times when\nyou were engrossed in a super novel. While playing your guitar or piano. In an\nespecially good game of cards. At a spellbinder of a movie. Total\nconcentration.\n\nBut at other times your thoughts are scattered, and your mind races from one\nthing to another. It's for those times that you need to learn and practice\nconcentration strategies. They involve (1) learning mental self regulation and\n(2) arranging factors that you can immediately control.\n\nTraining Your Wandering Mind: Learning Mental Self-Regulation for Improved\nConcentration\n\nImproving concentration is learning a skill.\n\nLearning a skill takes practice... whether it is shooting baskets, dancing,\ntyping, writing, or concentrating. Do not confuse these strategies with\nmedicine. When you take a medicine, it acts on the body without your having to\nhelp it.\n\nConcentration strategies require practice. You probably will begin to notice\nsome change within a few days. You'll notice considerable improvement within\nfour to six weeks of training your mind with some of the skills that follow.\nAnd that's a short period of time considering how many years you've spent not\nconcentrating as well as you'd like.\n\nBegin by practicing these techniques:\n\n * Be Here Now,\n * The Spider Technique, and\n * Worry Time.\n\nThen try any of the Other Mental Strategies that sound promising to you. Give\nthem an honest try -- use them for at least three days. If you notice a little\nchange, that suggests that the skill will be valuable and, with continued\npractice, will greatly improve your concentration. There are also Other\nFactors You Can Change now in your environment that may be helpful.\n\nBe Here Now\n\nThis deceptively simple strategy is probably the most effective. When you\nnotice your thoughts wandering astray, say to yourself\n\n\"Be here now\"\n\nand gently bring your attention back to where you want it.\n\nFOR EXAMPLE: You're in class and your attention strays from the lecture to all\nthe homework you have, to a date, to the fact that you're hungry. As you say\nto yourself\n\n\"Be here now\"\n\nyou focus back on the lecture and maintain your attention there as long as\npossible.\n\nWhen it wanders again, repeat\n\n\"Be here now\"\n\nand gently bring your attention back.\n\nYou may notice that your mind often wanders (as often as several times a\nminute at times). Each time just say\n\n\"Be here now\"\n\nand refocus. Do not try to keep particular thoughts out of your mind. For\nexample, as you sit there, close your eyes and think about anything you want\nto for the next three minutes except cookies. Try not to think about\ncookies...When you try not to think about something, it keeps coming back.\n(\"I'm not going to think about cookies. I'm not going to think about\ncookies.\")\n\nWhen you find your thoughts wandering, gently let go of that thought and, with\nyour \"Be here now,\" return to the present.\n\nYou might do this hundreds of times a week, if you're normal. But, you'll find\nthat the period of time between your straying thoughts gets a little longer\nevery few days. So be patient and keep at it. You'll see some improvement!\n\nTOP\n\nThe Spider Technique\n\nThis is another strategy that sounds deceptively simple. But it is the basis\nfor concentration because it helps you to maintain your concentration and not\ngive in to distractions.\n\nHold a vibrating tuning fork next to a spider web. The spider will react and\ncome looking for what is vibrating the web. Do it several times and the spider\n\"wises up\" and knows there's no bug and doesn't come looking.\n\nYou can learn that. Train yourself not to give in to distractions. When\nsomeone enters the room, or when a door slams, do not allow yourself to\nparticipate. Rather, keep your concentration on what's in front of you.\n\nUse the \"Be here now\" technique to help you regain concentration when you do\nbecome distracted momentarily.\n\nPractice this in a variety of settings, such as:\n\nIn lecture classes practice letting people move or cough without having to\nlook at them - just let them \"be out there\" while you form a tunnel between\nyou and the lecturer.\n\nWhen talking with someone keep your attention on that person, look at his\nface, and note what is being said. Let the rest of the world just be \"out\nthere.\"\n\nWorry or Think Time\n\nSet aside a specific time each day to think about the things that keep\nentering your mind and interfering with your concentration. For example, set\n4:30 to 5:00 p.m. as your worry/think time. When your mind is side-tracked\ninto worrying during the day, remind yourself that you have a special time for\nworrying. Then, let the thought go for the present, and return your focus to\nyour immediate activity.\n\nThere's research on this, believe it or not! Persons who use a worry time find\nthemselves worrying 35 percent less of the time within four weeks. That's a\nbig change!\n\nThe important steps are:\n\n 1. set a specific time each day for your time,\n 2. when you become aware of a distracting thought, remind yourself that you have a special time to think about them,\n 3. let the thought go, perhaps with \"Be here now,\" and\n 4. be sure to keep that appointment with yourself at that special time to think on the distracting thoughts of the day.\n\nTOP\n\nOther Mental Strategies:\n\nTallying your mental wanderings. Have a 3 x 5 inch card handy. Draw two lines\ndividing the card into three sections. Label them \"morning,\" \"afternoon,\" and\n\"evening.\"\n\nEach time your mind wanders, make a tally in the appropriate section. Keep a\ncard for each day. As your skills build, you'll see the number of tallies\ndecrease. And that's exciting!\n\nRest/Stretch Time. Remember to take short breaks. Lectures are usually 50\nminutes long, and that's about the length of time most people can direct their\nattention to one task. But, that's just an average. Your concentration time-\nspan might be less (20-35 minutes) or longer (perhaps 90 minutes).\n\nWhen you take a break, oxygenate (get more oxygen to your brain)! Get up and\nwalk around the room for a couple of minutes. When we sit for long periods,\nblood tends to pool in our lower body and legs (because of gravity). Our\ncalves serve as pumps for our blood when we walk, getting blood flowing more\nevenly throughout the body. As a result, more oxygen is carried to the brain\nand you are more alert.\n\nChange Topics. Many students aid their concentration by changing the subject\nthey are studying every one to two hours. You pay more attention to something\nthat's different. And you can give yourself that variety by changing the\nsubject you study regularly.\n\nIncentives and Rewards. Give yourself a reward when you've completed a task.\nThe task might be small, such as stay with a difficult assignment until you've\nfinished. An appropriate reward might be a walk around the block, a glass of\nwater, or reading the day's cartoon in the newspaper.\n\nFor those special projects such as term papers, design projects, or long book\nreviews, set up a special incentive. Upon completion, plan to give yourself a\nspecial pizza, movie, or an evening of TV.\n\nIncentives and rewards can be overdone. Use them for the especially difficult\nassignment or longer projects. When you do use them, make the rewards\nsomething you ordinarily would not give yourself.\n\nIncreasing Your Activity Level. Your concentration wanders more easily if you\njust read an assignment straight through. Instead, take the heading for each\nsection and turn it into a question. For this section, that would be, \"How can\nI increase my activity level while studying?\" Then study that section to\nanswer that question. Do this routinely. The questions give us a focus for\neach section and increase our involvement.\n\nAlso, as you study an assignment, make a list of questions you can bring to\nclass. Listen to the lecture for answers to those questions.\n\nShift position in your seat every so often. Don't sit there frozen in one\nposition. The move will help keep the blood circulating, sending more oxygen\nto your brain and helping you remain alert.\n\nSkydivers, rock climbers, tightrope walkers, and lion tamers don't have\ntrouble concentrating! You probably haven't done any of those. But, think back\nto some time in your life when you had that calm, total concentration. Close\nyour eyes and recreate that time. Visualize it, if you can. Feel how you felt\nat that time. Now, when you begin studying tonight, recapture that focused\nattention and see how long you can hold it. Does it feel as if that might\nwork? If so, begin all your study sessions with the feeling and see how long\nyou can maintain it. With practice, your concentration will get better and\nbetter.\n\nTOP\n\nFactors You Can Control Now\n\nChart your energy levels. When is your energy level at its highest? When are\nyour low energy times? Study your most difficult courses at your high energy\ntimes. Sharpest early in the evening? Study your most difficult course then.\nLater in the evening? Work on your easier courses or the ones you enjoy the\nmost.\n\nNow that's not what most students do. Instead, they put off the tough courses\nuntil later in the evening when they are more fatigued. It's more difficult to\nconcentrate when you're tired. Reverse that. Hard courses at peak energy\ntimes. Easier ones later. This alone can help to improve your concentration.\n\nLight. Make sure you have adequate light. It's essential to keeping your\nattention focused on what you are studying. So your eyes don't tire, use\nindirect lights (to avoid glare) and ones that don't flicker.\n\nChair and Table. Sit on a not overly comfortable chair at a table, not\nsprawled out on your bed. Your bed is where you sleep and dream.\n\nPosture. Sit up straight to aid concentration rather than sprawled out in a\nsimilar-to-sleep position.\n\nClear away distractions. Don't have pictures where you'll notice them when\nlooking up from your studies. Also, put out of sight any material for other\ncourses. Seeing it can panic you a little about all you have to do. So put it\nout of sight.\n\nSigns. Don't hesitate to put signs on your door. \"I need the grades. Please\nlet me study.\" \"Please do not disturb.\" \"Concentrating is tough. Help me by\nstaying away.\" Some inconsiderate person will interrupt. Ask them to come back\nlater. If they don't leave, practice ignoring them (see the Spider Technique\nabove).\n\nTake your phone off the hook. Yes, you might miss a call. But developing your\nconcentration skills is important. It will be useful for the remainder of your\nlife.\n\nWhere you study can make a difference. Think about where you concentrate best.\nOften it's difficult to study where you live, so look for a corner in the\nlibrary that's quiet and facing a wall (not a door with people coming and\ngoing or a window with a distracting view). Some students study better where\nthey live. Find the place or places you find most conducive to concentration.\n\nBackground music? Research on productivity with music versus without music is\ninconclusive. If you think you need music, choose some with no lyrics and with\nrelatively monotonous melodies. Baroque music is the best example. Something\nwith words, a definite beat, a catchy melody, or one of your favorite pieces\ncan easily divert your attention, often without your being aware of it at\nfirst.\n\nPerhaps you might try \"white noise\" -- it masks out environmental noises and\nhelps minimize distractions. Your radio can be an inexpensive source of white\nnoise. Switch to FM and team to the high end of your dial. You should get a\nsteady static or form of white noise, unless your radio is an especially good\none. Or keep a fan running.\n\nEnough time for everything? Ever find your study of one subject interrupted by\nworries about getting assignments in another course done? Or waste time trying\nto decide what to study? Take an hour or so and do a little planning.\n\nFirst, estimate for each course the number of hours you'll need to study each\nweek. Then work up a flexible time schedule. Include all your obligations\n(classes, meetings, meals, laundry, etc.). Then allocate specific time periods\nfor studying particular subjects. When studying one course you won't worry so\nmuch about others because you'll know that you have time for them.\n\nBe flexible in your schedule. If you need an extra hour on a subject, continue\nwith it and then do a little juggling to make up the study time you encroached\non. You'll probably need to modify your schedule from time to time.\n\nIf you would rather schedule smaller chunks of time, each Sunday plan the\nfollowing week and change from week to week. Check to be sure you're getting\nstudy time in on all your courses.\n\nRewards for Concentrating. In summary, the rewards for improving your\nconcentration can be priceless. You'll be delighted at your ability to recall\ninformation given in lectures. You'll find yourself accomplishing more in the\nsame period of time. It can even affect your social life. Your special friend\nwill appreciate your undivided attention and, in return, will give you\nundivided attention. So will other friends. Best of all, concentration skills\nhelp your self confidence because you will realize how much more is possible\nwhen you can give your total attention.\n\nOriginally developed in 1989 by Clifford G. Schuette, Ed.D., Counseling\nServices, KSU; modified for use on the Internet by Dorinda Lambert, Ph.D. in\n1997.\n\nHelp Yourself is created by Counseling Services copyright 1989, 1997 Kansas\nState University\n\nTOP\n\n * Contact us\n * Emergency\n * Statements and disclosures\n * Accessibility\n\n * Kansas State University\n * Manhattan, KS 66506\n * 785-532-6011\n * © Kansas State University\n * Updated: 5/27/18\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://theweek.com/articles/459157/chronic-multitasking-makes-worse-everything", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190414202604/https://theweek.com/articles/459157/chronic-multitasking-makes-worse-everything", "parsed_text": { "title": "Chronic multitasking makes us worse at everything", "passages": [ "Just because you can listen to music, work a chat box, and make headway on that project doesn't mean you should. (Courtesy Shutterstock)", "There are plenty of scientific studies on the pros and cons of social media. Somehow our digital life simultaneously makes us sadder, smarter, more inclined to run up our credit card bills, and in the specific case of looking at our own Facebook profile, overconfident, and thus a little dumber.", "Now, Stanford University professor Clifford Nass, who studies the social and psychological impacts of media, has another point for the \"cons\" column. His research shows that chronic multitasking — switching back and forth between types of interactive media — makes us worse students, worse workers, worse managers, and all-around less sensitive people.", "In a recent TED Talk (which you can watch below), Nass explains how college students \"triple and quadruple-book media.\" He says, \"When they're writing a paper, they're also listening to music, using Facebook, watching YouTube, texting etc.\"", "To see what impact this has on their brains, in one study, Nass tasked 262 college students with completing three experiments that examined different aspects of multitasking: Switching quickly from one task to another, filtering out irrelevant information, and using what is called \"working memory,\" an aspect of short-term memory that allows you to hold multiple pieces of information in your mind.", "The results? Chronic multitaskers have a harder time with everything: Telling what information is relevant, managing working memory, and ignoring irrelevant information. And the weirdest part: They're also pretty bad at multitasking. \"The research is almost unanimous, which is very rare in social science, and it says that people who chronically multitask show an enormous range of deficits,\" Nass told NPR. \"They're basically terrible at all sorts of cognitive tasks.\"", "He says, \"It's a little like smoking. You know, saying, I smoke all the time, so smoking can't be bad for me. Unfortunately, it doesn't work that way.\"", "You can see how this would make people less productive. But chronic multitasking has another impact, too: It lowers people's \"emotional intelligence.\" James O'Toole in Strategy Business explains:", "Multitaskers are not only paying no attention to their profs (or to their bosses, co-workers, and customers in the room with them), they have problems with social interactions in general. In terms of developing what Daniel Goleman calls \"emotional intelligence,\" new media addicts are poor at reading other people. In short, they tend to be socially and emotionally immature. They prefer to retreat to the comfort of texting rather than deal with potential emotional connection (and conflict) with those in the same room. [Strategy in Business]", "Media multitasking makes managers less thoughtful and more inclined to exercise poor judgment, Nass says. And companies that encourage people to respond instantly to e-mail make the problem worse. At the very least, managers should insist that employees bring no electronic devices to meetings. [HBR]" ] }, "parsed_md": "Chronic multitasking makes us worse at everything\n\n×\n\n×\n\n * Opinion\n * Features\n * Speed Reads\n * 5 THINGS TO KNOW\n * Popular\n * Authors\n * Magazine\n\n * World\n * U.S.\n * Politics\n * Business\n * Tech\n * Science\n * Arts\n * Books\n * Life\n * Photos\n * Video\n * Cartoons\n * Puzzles\n * Newsletters\n * Authors\n\nSpecial reports: THE IDEA FACTORY LIFE AFTER WORK\n\nMenu\n\n * Subscribe & save\n * Give a gift\n * Digital subscription\n\nSUBSCRIBE\n\nSign up for our free email newsletters\n\nFeature\n\nEdit\n\nChronic multitasking makes us worse at everything\n\nCarmel Lobello\n\nJust because you can listen to music, work a chat box, and make headway on\nthat project doesn't mean you should. (Courtesy Shutterstock)\n\nOctober 8, 2013\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nSign Up for\n\nOur free email newsletters\n\nThere are plenty of scientific studies on the pros and cons of social media.\nSomehow our digital life simultaneously makes us sadder, smarter, more\ninclined to run up our credit card bills, and in the specific case of looking\nat our own Facebook profile, overconfident, and thus a little dumber.\n\nNow, Stanford University professor Clifford Nass, who studies the social and\npsychological impacts of media, has another point for the \"cons\" column. His\nresearch shows that chronic multitasking — switching back and forth between\ntypes of interactive media — makes us worse students, worse workers, worse\nmanagers, and all-around less sensitive people.\n\nIn a recent TED Talk (which you can watch below), Nass explains how college\nstudents \"triple and quadruple-book media.\" He says, \"When they're writing a\npaper, they're also listening to music, using Facebook, watching YouTube,\ntexting etc.\"\n\nTo see what impact this has on their brains, in one study, Nass tasked 262\ncollege students with completing three experiments that examined different\naspects of multitasking: Switching quickly from one task to another, filtering\nout irrelevant information, and using what is called \"working memory,\" an\naspect of short-term memory that allows you to hold multiple pieces of\ninformation in your mind.\n\nThe results? Chronic multitaskers have a harder time with everything: Telling\nwhat information is relevant, managing working memory, and ignoring irrelevant\ninformation. And the weirdest part: They're also pretty bad at multitasking.\n\"The research is almost unanimous, which is very rare in social science, and\nit says that people who chronically multitask show an enormous range of\ndeficits,\" Nass told NPR. \"They're basically terrible at all sorts of\ncognitive tasks.\"\n\nHe says, \"It's a little like smoking. You know, saying, I smoke all the time,\nso smoking can't be bad for me. Unfortunately, it doesn't work that way.\"\n\nYou can see how this would make people less productive. But chronic\nmultitasking has another impact, too: It lowers people's \"emotional\nintelligence.\" James O'Toole in Strategy Business explains:\n\nMultitaskers are not only paying no attention to their profs (or to their\nbosses, co-workers, and customers in the room with them), they have problems\nwith social interactions in general. In terms of developing what Daniel\nGoleman calls \"emotional intelligence,\" new media addicts are poor at reading\nother people. In short, they tend to be socially and emotionally immature.\nThey prefer to retreat to the comfort of texting rather than deal with\npotential emotional connection (and conflict) with those in the same room.\n[Strategy in Business]\n\nNass argues this also applies to managers, according to The Harvard Business\nReview:\n\nMedia multitasking makes managers less thoughtful and more inclined to\nexercise poor judgment, Nass says. And companies that encourage people to\nrespond instantly to e-mail make the problem worse. At the very least,\nmanagers should insist that employees bring no electronic devices to meetings.\n[HBR]\n\nFor more on the perils of multitasking, watch Nass' TED talk:\n\nTry 8 issues of The Week\n\nmagazine for only $1.00\n\nSEE DETAILS\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nSHARE!\n\nTry 8 issues of The Week\n\nmagazine for only $1.00\n\nMore from Carmel Lobello\n\nSee All\n\nWhy more men need to take paternity leave\n\nCarmel Lobello\n\nWatch a 10-year-old girl's video pitch for a disabled American Girl doll\n\nCarmel Lobello\n\nThe death penalty is going out of style\n\nCarmel Lobello\n\nMost popular\n\nSee All\n\n1\n\n5 travel essentials for life on the road\n\nThe Week Staff\n\n2\n\nTiger Woods won his first major championship since 2008\n\nTim O'Donnell\n\n3\n\nThis centrist bill would instantly destroy the world economy\n\nRyan Cooper\n\nAround the web\n\nPowered By ZergNet\n\n * More about The Week\n * Subscribe\n * Subscriber login\n * Give a gift\n * Classroom subscriptions\n * Newsletters\n * RSS\n * Privacy policy\n * Subscribe\n * Subscriber login\n * Give a gift\n * Classroom subscriptions\n * Newsletters\n * RSS\n * Privacy policy\n\n * Terms & conditions\n * The Week UK\n * Customer service\n * Contact us\n * Ad info\n * Terms & conditions\n * The Week UK\n * Customer service\n * Contact us\n * Ad info\n\n® 2019 The Week Publications Inc., All rights reserved.\n\n" } ]
198,743
How To Make Alfredo Sauce
To start a basic Alfredo sauce, melt 1 stick of butter over medium-low heat. Then, stir 8 ounces of heavy cream and 2 cups of grated parmesan cheese into the butter, heating the mixture until it’s simmering. When heating the sauce, refrain from turning up the heat, which can cause the sauce to burn. After a few small bubbles begin to form, add salt and pepper to taste. If your sauce is too thick you can add some water to thin it. Finally, pour the sauce over your pasta and serve!
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20150510203241/http://www.totalwine.com:80/eng/guide-to-wine/chardonnay.cfm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160624172310/http://www.finecooking.com:80/articles/how-to-melt-cheese.aspx?pg=2", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200127185457/http://www.gustiditalia.com:80/1846/news/fettuccine-alfredo-history/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161228183743/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/ree-drummond/alfredo-sauce.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211216230014/https://www.foodtimeline.org/foodfaq2.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170222124149/http://www.pasta-recipes-by-italians.com:80/tomato-alfredo-sauce.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200528180917/https://topsecretrecipes.com/olive-garden-alfredo-pasta-copycat-recipe.html" ]
train
2,554
[ { "original_url": "http://www.totalwine.com:80/eng/guide-to-wine/chardonnay.cfm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150510203241/http://www.totalwine.com:80/eng/guide-to-wine/chardonnay.cfm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Guide to Chardonnay Wine", "passages": [ "Chardonnay [Shar-doe-NAY], in general produces wines, which are dry to medium dry with pear, apple, tropical or citrus fruit flavors. When little to no oak aging occurs, Chardonnay tends to be more crisp and fresh. With extensive oak aging, they become creamy and buttery with vanilla, spice and oak flavors. Chardonnay is the world’s most popular white wine grape and it is grown in virtually every wine-producing region. Chardonnay thrives as the white grape of Burgundy and it produces extraordinary wines in the Russian River Valley and Carneros region in California.", "Chardonnay is America’s most popular wine, red or white, and also the world’s most widely planted white wine grape. This is a recent phenomenon, just 30 years ago there were just a few hundred acres planted in all of California; today there are tens of thousands of acres. Chardonnay is a winemaker’s dream, both prolific enough to make into relatively inexpensive good quality, everyday drinking wine and distinctive enough when grown for high quality rather than quantity, to make great, complex and concentrated dry white wine. Perhaps it is Chardonnay’s versatility that makes it so difficult to describe.", "There is no tangible way to determine what natural fruit flavors or aromas will develop in a Chardonnay. Most believe the flavors are present because of the soil and climate in which the vine grows. Chardonnay can be classified into four taste and aroma categories. There are three fruit flavor and aroma categories. The most prevalent of these is the tree fruits consisting of apple, pear and even orange. Citrus fruit is not quite as common in Chardonnay but there are the exceptions. Lemon, grapefruit and orange seem to dominate the citrus category. The last flavor and aroma category is the marvelous tropical fruit including pineapple, melon and banana.", "Chardonnay lends itself very well to oak aging. With the influence of oak, a new flavor and aroma category is apparent. For example, vanilla, spice, smoke, toast and oak, just to name a few, would not be present if there was no oak influence. None of these categories is better than the other. It is all personal preference.", "There are also three distinctive styles in which Chardonnay is made. The winemaker largely influences the style by the choices he or she makes during the vinification process. The first style is crisp. A crisp Chardonnay has little to no oak influence and for the most part, has not gone through malolactic fermentation. These Chardonnays are fresh and the fruit and acidity speak for themselves, often clean and sharp on the palate. Conversely, there is the oaky style, where the Chardonnay has been aged in oak barrels and the influence is apparent in the aroma and on the palate. These Chardonnays are rounder and fuller on the palate with additional flavors integrated by the oak. The elegant style is apparent from the moment the Chardonnay coats your palate. These wines are most often complex and buttery with finesse and lovely acidity. The oak does not overpower the fruit and the entire experience is harmonious. So, the next time you are drinking Chardonnay, try and classify which of the styles you are drinking. Do you love oak, do you prefer the cleaner, crisper style or are you fanatical about smooth and buttery Chardonnay? This will make it easier to describe to a wine associate during your next visit to our store.", "Although Chardonnay is planted throughout the world, it is most known for the remarkable wines it creates in Burgundy. There are four distinct areas were Chardonnay thrives. The most southern of these areas is Mâconnais, consisting of Pouilly-Fuissé, Mâcon-Villages and Saint-Véran. These wines are mostly produced in a lovely crisp style. Just north is the Côte Chalonnaise, which includes Rully and Mercurey. This area is known for producing some of the best-valued Chardonnays in all of Burgundy. The wines are wonderfully elegant with noticeable crispness and balance. The crème-de-la-crème of Burgundy is Côte de Beaune, including such touted appellations as Montrachet, Meursault, Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet. Each appellation has its own distinct style but at their best, these wines are amazingly elegant, rich and complex. It is worth mentioning that all the most prestigious Chardonnay producers from around the world compare their wines to this area. The fourth area is Chablis, located 100 miles northwest of Côte de Beaune. The Chardonnay produced here is known for its crisp acidity, unaltered fruit flavors and flinty notes. Chablis is excellent with shellfish, especially oysters!", "Chardonnay thrives in the cooler climates of the Russian River Valley in Sonoma and the Carneros Region in Napa, within California as well as the Columbia Valley in Washington State. We must not forget to mention that it is one of the principal grapes used to produce Champagne and is second, only behind Pinot Meunier in plantings within Champagne. Wonderful and expressive Chardonnay can be found throughout the world: Australia, Chile, Argentina, New Zealand and South Africa, just to name a few.", "The answer to the question is relatively easy to explain. An inexpensive Chardonnay, for the most part, will be light, easy-drinking and will have little oak influence. Therefore, most of the Chardonnays produced under $5.99 are relatively one dimensional on the palate, pure and simple. This is not to say that there are not great value wines in this category.", "As you move up the price tier, most Chardonnays released have two principle influences, which account for their higher quality and price. The first is the benefit of a more precise growing area, which has proven to be ideal for Chardonnay. For example, the Russian River Valley in Sonoma County has proven to be one of the most prestigious areas in California for Chardonnay. Its soil and cooler climate have produced award-winning Chardonnay year after year. These wines generally display more intense fruit flavors and more complexity.", "The second factor is oak aging. Oak barrels are very expensive but well worth the investment, especially when Chardonnay is involved. When oak is involved, the retail is certain to increase. However, the wine’s body, complexity and finish increase dramatically as well.", "In conclusion, a Chardonnay at $29.99 compared to a Chardonnay at $5.99 will have more complexity, more intense fruit flavors, a longer finish and more integrated oak flavors." ] }, "parsed_md": "Guide to Chardonnay Wine\n\n * Home\n * > Guide to Wine\n\n### Guide to Wine\n\n * Guide to Wine\n * Producer Stories & Videos\n * Red Grape Varietals\n * Barbera\n * Cabernet Sauvignon\n * Grenache\n * Malbec\n * Merlot\n * Nebbiolo\n * Petite Sirah\n * Pinot Noir\n * Rhone Blends\n * Sangiovese\n * Syrah / Shiraz\n * Tempranillo\n * Zinfandel\n * White Grape Varietals\n * Chardonnay\n * Gewürztraminer\n * Pinot Grigio / Pinot Gris\n * Riesling\n * Sauvignon Blanc\n * Verdejo\n * Viognier\n * Wine Types\n * Champagne & Sparkling Wine\n * Asti\n * Prosecco\n * Sparkling\n * Dessert Wines\n * Moscato-Muscat\n * Ruby Port\n * Sauternes AC\n * Tawny Port\n * Vintage Port\n * Rosé / Blush Wine\n * Sake & Plum Wine\n * Beaujolais Nouveau\n * Winemaking\n * Winemaking\n * Viticulture\n * Climate\n * Harvesting\n * Location\n * Sorting\n * The Vine\n * Vineyard Management\n * Vinification\n * Corks vs. Screwcaps\n * Fermentation\n * Micro-oxygenation\n * Wine Barrels\n * Wine Press\n * Enhancing Your Enjoyment\n * Wine Acidity & Crispness\n * Allowing Wine to Breathe\n * Balance\n * Bouquet & Aroma\n * Color & Appearance\n * Complexity\n * Wine Sweetness\n * Wine Evaluation\n * Finish\n * Tannin\n * Wine Tasting\n * Wine Locations\n * Argentina\n * Australia\n * Barossa Valley\n * McLaren Vale\n * Southeast Australia\n * Victoria\n * Austria\n * California\n * Carneros\n * Central Coast\n * Monterey\n * Napa Valley\n * Sierra Foothills\n * Sonoma County\n * Santa Barbara\n * Chile\n * France\n * Alsace\n * Beaujolais\n * Bordeaux\n * Burgundy\n * Loire\n * Provence\n * Rhône Valley\n * Rhone Blends\n * Southwest France\n * Germany\n * Mosel\n * Italy\n * Abruzzo\n * Alto Adige\n * Marches\n * Piedmont\n * Sicily\n * Tuscany\n * Umbria\n * Valdadige\n * Veneto\n * New Zealand\n * Oregon\n * Portugal\n * Douro\n * Vinho Verde\n * South Africa\n * Spain\n * La Mancha\n * Navarra\n * Rías Baixas\n * Ribera del Duero\n * Rioja\n * Rueda\n * Washington\n\n# Guide to Chardonnay Wines\n\nChardonnay grapes on the vine.\n\nChardonnay [Shar-doe-NAY], in general produces wines, which are dry to medium\ndry with pear, apple, tropical or citrus fruit flavors. When little to no oak\naging occurs, Chardonnay tends to be more crisp and fresh. With extensive oak\naging, they become creamy and buttery with vanilla, spice and oak flavors.\nChardonnay is the world’s most popular white wine grape and it is grown in\nvirtually every wine-producing region. Chardonnay thrives as the white grape\nof Burgundy and it produces extraordinary wines in the Russian River Valley\nand Carneros region in California.\n\nAromas\n\n * Tree Fruit – Apple, Pear, Peach\n * Citrus Fruit – Lemon, Grapefruit, Orange\n * Tropical Fruit – Pineapple, Melon, Banana\n * Oak – Vanilla, Spice, Smoke\n\nFlavors\n\n * Tree Fruit – Apple, Pear, Peach\n * Citrus Fruit – Lemon, Grapefruit, Orange\n * Tropical Fruit – Pineapple, Melon, Banana\n * Oak – Vanilla, Spice, Smoke\n\nStyles\n\n * Crisp – Clean and Fresh fruit with little to no oak aging\n * Oaky – Lush and round with fruit flavors heightened by oak aging\n * Elegant – Smooth and complex fruit flavors with a smooth and buttery texture\n\nFood\n\n * Crisp – Fish, seafood, light hors d’oeuvres\n * Oaky – Smoked white meats, creamy sauces\n * Elegant – Grilled chicken, pork roast, veal\n\nRegions\n\nBurgundy – Mâconnais (Pouilly-Fuissé and Mâcon-Villages), Côte Chalonnaise\n(Rully and Mercurey), Côte de Beaune Montrachet, Meursault, Puligny-\nMontrachet, Chassagne-Montrachet) California – Sonoma Valley, Russian River\nValley, Napa Valley, Carneros,Central Coast Other – Champagne, Australia,\nWashington State, Chile, Argentina\n\nA glass of Chardonnay wine.\n\nChardonnay is America’s most popular wine, red or white, and also the world’s\nmost widely planted white wine grape. This is a recent phenomenon, just 30\nyears ago there were just a few hundred acres planted in all of California;\ntoday there are tens of thousands of acres. Chardonnay is a winemaker’s dream,\nboth prolific enough to make into relatively inexpensive good quality,\neveryday drinking wine and distinctive enough when grown for high quality\nrather than quantity, to make great, complex and concentrated dry white wine.\nPerhaps it is Chardonnay’s versatility that makes it so difficult to describe.\n\nThere is no tangible way to determine what natural fruit flavors or aromas\nwill develop in a Chardonnay. Most believe the flavors are present because of\nthe soil and climate in which the vine grows. Chardonnay can be classified\ninto four taste and aroma categories. There are three fruit flavor and aroma\ncategories. The most prevalent of these is the tree fruits consisting of\napple, pear and even orange. Citrus fruit is not quite as common in Chardonnay\nbut there are the exceptions. Lemon, grapefruit and orange seem to dominate\nthe citrus category. The last flavor and aroma category is the marvelous\ntropical fruit including pineapple, melon and banana.\n\nChardonnay lends itself very well to oak aging. With the influence of oak, a\nnew flavor and aroma category is apparent. For example, vanilla, spice, smoke,\ntoast and oak, just to name a few, would not be present if there was no oak\ninfluence. None of these categories is better than the other. It is all\npersonal preference.\n\nThere are also three distinctive styles in which Chardonnay is made. The\nwinemaker largely influences the style by the choices he or she makes during\nthe vinification process. The first style is crisp. A crisp Chardonnay has\nlittle to no oak influence and for the most part, has not gone through\nmalolactic fermentation. These Chardonnays are fresh and the fruit and acidity\nspeak for themselves, often clean and sharp on the palate. Conversely, there\nis the oaky style, where the Chardonnay has been aged in oak barrels and the\ninfluence is apparent in the aroma and on the palate. These Chardonnays are\nrounder and fuller on the palate with additional flavors integrated by the\noak. The elegant style is apparent from the moment the Chardonnay coats your\npalate. These wines are most often complex and buttery with finesse and lovely\nacidity. The oak does not overpower the fruit and the entire experience is\nharmonious. So, the next time you are drinking Chardonnay, try and classify\nwhich of the styles you are drinking. Do you love oak, do you prefer the\ncleaner, crisper style or are you fanatical about smooth and buttery\nChardonnay? This will make it easier to describe to a wine associate during\nyour next visit to our store.\n\nAlthough Chardonnay is planted throughout the world, it is most known for the\nremarkable wines it creates in Burgundy. There are four distinct areas were\nChardonnay thrives. The most southern of these areas is Mâconnais, consisting\nof Pouilly-Fuissé, Mâcon-Villages and Saint-Véran. These wines are mostly\nproduced in a lovely crisp style. Just north is the Côte Chalonnaise, which\nincludes Rully and Mercurey. This area is known for producing some of the\nbest-valued Chardonnays in all of Burgundy. The wines are wonderfully elegant\nwith noticeable crispness and balance. The crème-de-la-crème of Burgundy is\nCôte de Beaune, including such touted appellations as Montrachet, Meursault,\nPuligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet. Each appellation has its own\ndistinct style but at their best, these wines are amazingly elegant, rich and\ncomplex. It is worth mentioning that all the most prestigious Chardonnay\nproducers from around the world compare their wines to this area. The fourth\narea is Chablis, located 100 miles northwest of Côte de Beaune. The Chardonnay\nproduced here is known for its crisp acidity, unaltered fruit flavors and\nflinty notes. Chablis is excellent with shellfish, especially oysters!\n\nChardonnay thrives in the cooler climates of the Russian River Valley in\nSonoma and the Carneros Region in Napa, within California as well as the\nColumbia Valley in Washington State. We must not forget to mention that it is\none of the principal grapes used to produce Champagne and is second, only\nbehind Pinot Meunier in plantings within Champagne. Wonderful and expressive\nChardonnay can be found throughout the world: Australia, Chile, Argentina, New\nZealand and South Africa, just to name a few.\n\n#### What is the difference between a $5.99 Chardonnay and a $29.99\nChardonnay?\n\nThe answer to the question is relatively easy to explain. An inexpensive\nChardonnay, for the most part, will be light, easy-drinking and will have\nlittle oak influence. Therefore, most of the Chardonnays produced under $5.99\nare relatively one dimensional on the palate, pure and simple. This is not to\nsay that there are not great value wines in this category.\n\nAs you move up the price tier, most Chardonnays released have two principle\ninfluences, which account for their higher quality and price. The first is the\nbenefit of a more precise growing area, which has proven to be ideal for\nChardonnay. For example, the Russian River Valley in Sonoma County has proven\nto be one of the most prestigious areas in California for Chardonnay. Its soil\nand cooler climate have produced award-winning Chardonnay year after year.\nThese wines generally display more intense fruit flavors and more complexity.\n\nThe second factor is oak aging. Oak barrels are very expensive but well worth\nthe investment, especially when Chardonnay is involved. When oak is involved,\nthe retail is certain to increase. However, the wine’s body, complexity and\nfinish increase dramatically as well.\n\nIn conclusion, a Chardonnay at $29.99 compared to a Chardonnay at $5.99 will\nhave more complexity, more intense fruit flavors, a longer finish and more\nintegrated oak flavors.\n\nShop Chardonnay Wine\n\nTweet \n--- \n \n * BLOG\n\nJoin our email list\n\n#### About us\n\n * Our Company\n * Our Leadership\n * In The Community\n * Winery Direct\n * Careers\n * Media Room\n\n#### Stores\n\n * Store Locator\n * Event Calendar\n * Classes & Tastings\n * Book Our Room\n * Party Planning\n\n#### For the trade\n\n * Real Estate\n * Product Submission\n * Pre-Sell\n * Product Demonstration\n\n#### Account Info\n\n * My Account\n * Order Status\n * Shopping List\n\n#### Customer service\n\n * 1-855-330-6673\n * Contact Us\n * In-Store Pickup\n * Shipping\n * Returns\n * FAQs\n\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n * Mobile Site\n * Spirit sales where allowed by law | Copyright © 2014 Total Wine & More\n\n * login / register\n * Store Locator\n\nadvanced search\n\nCart 0 item(s)\n\nMy Selection\n\nPlease Make a Selection\n\nSelect\n\n * Wine\n * Beer\n * Spirits\n * &More;\n * Education\n\n * Classes & Tastings\n * Guide to Wine\n * Guide to Beer\n * Guide to Spirits\n * Events\n * Gift Cards\n\nSHOPPING CART\n\nx\n\n * register\n * login\n * Wish List\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.finecooking.com:80/articles/how-to-melt-cheese.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160624172310/http://www.finecooking.com:80/articles/how-to-melt-cheese.aspx?pg=2", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Rules of Melting Cheese", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "The Rules of Melting Cheese\n\nLogin Create an Account Subscriber Extras\n\n * Smart Chef Tips: Kitchen Organization\n * Ultimate Cheesecake Recipes\n * Essential Techniques & Recipes Every Cook Should Know\n * Don't Miss an Episode of Our TV Show!\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Subscriber Extras\n\nFineCooking.com\n\n * * Recipes\n * Recipe Finder\n * Recipe Slideshows\n * Make it Tonight\n * Drink Recipes\n * Guide to Grilling\n * Menu Makers\n * Recipe Makers\n * All Recipes\n * All Mobile Apps\n * Cooking Tips & Techniques\n * Cooking Videos\n * Online Membership\n * * Fine Cooking Magazine Subscription\n * Fine Cooking Magazine Renewal\n * Fine Cooking Magazine Gift Subscription\n * Fine Cooking Media Kit\n * Fine Cooking Books and DVDs\n * Television\n * Moveable Feast with Fine Cooking\n * Episodes of the Show\n * Recipes from the Show\n * Chefs & Artisans from the Show\n * About the Show\n\nFineCooking.com is a part of the Taunton Home and Garden Network\n\nFineWoodworking.com\n\nStartWoodworking.com\n\n|\n\nFineHomebuilding.com\n\nGreenBuildingAdvisor.com \n \n---|--- \n \nFineGardening.com\n\nVegetableGardener.com\n\n|\n\nThreadsMagazine.com\n\nCraftStylish.com \n \nTaunton Home | Books & Videos | Contact Us | Product recall information\n\nPrivacy Policy | Copyright Notice | Taunton Guarantee | User Agreement | About\nUs | Work for Us | Contact Us | Advertise | Customer Service\n\n© 2016 The Taunton Press, Inc., Part of Taunton’s Women’s Network. All rights\nreserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.gustiditalia.com:80/1846/news/fettuccine-alfredo-history/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200127185457/http://www.gustiditalia.com:80/1846/news/fettuccine-alfredo-history/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fettuccine Alfredo history", "passages": [ "We heard about this sauce talking about some American clients or friend...we found this interesting article that we want to share with you:", "Between restaurants, cookbooks and supermarket shelves, Alfredo sauces vary widely, both in style and quality. Here’s a rundown of fettuccine Alfredo’s history and sauce variations. The original dish was an extra-buttery version of an Italian standard, fettuccine al burro — fettuccine with butter and Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese. It was created in Rome in 1914 by chef Alfredo di Lelio and served at his restaurant, Alfredo’s. Legend has it that in 1927, silent-film stars Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks discovered this dish while honeymooning in Rome. Upon returning to Hollywood, they served it to friends; soon, fettuccine Alfredo was popular — but in a new, American guise. According to The Italian-American Cookbook by John Mariani and Galina Mariani (Harvard Common Press, $19.95), since American butter and parmesan cheese lacked the richness of their Italian counterparts, cream was added to the sauce to compensate. This version became an Italian-American classic. Although popular in the United States, it never took root in Italy. Ultimately, Alfredo sauce became a victim of its own popularity. Supermarkets began selling ready- made Alfredo sauces, thickened with flour or cornstarch and sometimes made with cheap ingredients. Many chain restaurants began using the pre-fab sauces, too. Noodles tossed with this convenience product can’t compare with this recipe for fresh fettuccine Alfredo made with Parmigiano-Reggiano, unsalted butter and fresh cream. Sure, you can make the original Roman recipe now that true Italian Parmigiano-Reggiano is widely available; but the version with cream is divine, and worthy of an occasional calorie splurge." ] }, "parsed_md": "Fettuccine Alfredo history\n\n * English\n * Italiano\n * 中文\n * Russian\n * Español\n\n# Fettuccine Alfredo history\n\nWe heard about this sauce talking about some American clients or friend...we\nfound this interesting article that we want to share with you:\n\nBetween restaurants, cookbooks and supermarket shelves, Alfredo sauces vary\nwidely, both in style and quality. Here’s a rundown of fettuccine Alfredo’s\nhistory and sauce variations. The original dish was an extra-buttery version\nof an Italian standard, fettuccine al burro — fettuccine with butter and\nParmigiano-Reggiano cheese. It was created in Rome in 1914 by chef Alfredo di\nLelio and served at his restaurant, Alfredo’s. Legend has it that in 1927,\nsilent-film stars Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks discovered this dish\nwhile honeymooning in Rome. Upon returning to Hollywood, they served it to\nfriends; soon, fettuccine Alfredo was popular — but in a new, American guise.\nAccording to The Italian-American Cookbook by John Mariani and Galina Mariani\n(Harvard Common Press, $19.95), since American butter and parmesan cheese\nlacked the richness of their Italian counterparts, cream was added to the\nsauce to compensate. This version became an Italian-American classic. Although\npopular in the United States, it never took root in Italy. Ultimately, Alfredo\nsauce became a victim of its own popularity. Supermarkets began selling ready-\nmade Alfredo sauces, thickened with flour or cornstarch and sometimes made\nwith cheap ingredients. Many chain restaurants began using the pre-fab sauces,\ntoo. Noodles tossed with this convenience product can’t compare with this\nrecipe for fresh fettuccine Alfredo made with Parmigiano-Reggiano, unsalted\nbutter and fresh cream. Sure, you can make the original Roman recipe now that\ntrue Italian Parmigiano-Reggiano is widely available; but the version with\ncream is divine, and worthy of an occasional calorie splurge.\n\nfont: http://www.dallasnews.com/lifestyles/food-wine/food-wine-\nheadlines/20130423-learn-how-to-make-the-perfect-fettucine-alfredo-to-pair-\nwith-wine.ece\n\n## Related Posts\n\n * Protect the Italian stuffed pasta!\n * How to cook the pasta\n * Pistachio pesto\n * Pesto alla genovese with basil d.o.p.\n\n### Categorie\n\n * Approfondimenti\n * Blog\n * Event\n * I prodotti del mese\n * News\n\n### Italian excellence\n\n### Consorzio Parmigiano Reggiano\n\n### Grana Padano\n\n### Prosciutto San Daniele\n\n### Prosciutto di Parma\n\n### Gorgonzola\n\n### Castelmagno Dop\n\n### Culatello di Zibello\n\n### Biologico\n\nGusti d'Italia (c) 2020 | Privacy Policy | PI: IT09984910019\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/ree-drummond/alfredo-sauce.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161228183743/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/ree-drummond/alfredo-sauce.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Alfredo Sauce Recipe : Ree Drummond : Food Network", "passages": [ "In a saucepan or skillet, warm the butter and cream. Season with salt and pepper. Add the Parmesan and stir until melted." ] }, "parsed_md": "Alfredo Sauce Recipe : Ree Drummond : Food Network\n\n###### New on FoodNetwork.com\n\nIna's Shrimp Cocktail\n\n#### The Best New Year's Eve Recipes\n\nWith Jeffrey\n\n#### Barefoot Contessa's New Year's Eve in Paris\n\nFried Meatballs\n\n#### 60+ Easy, Elegant Appetizers\n\nPrev Recipe\n\nNext Recipe\n\n * Home\n * Recipes & How-Tos\n * Alfredo Sauce\n\n# Alfredo Sauce\n\n###### Recipe courtesy of Ree Drummond\n\nSHOW:\n\n The Pioneer Woman\nEPISODE:\n\n \n\nAlex's 16th Birthday\n\nPrint\n\nEmail\n\n1 video | Ree's Pasta-Bar Alfredo Sauce (01:35)\n\nTotal Time:\n\n 15 min\nPrep:\n\n 10 min\nCook:\n\n 5 min\n\nYield:\n\n about 2 cups\n\nLevel:\n\n Easy\n\nTotal Time:\n\n 15 min\nPrep:\n\n 10 min\nCook:\n\n 5 min\n\nYield:\n\n about 2 cups\n\nLevel:\n\n Easy\n\n##### Ree's Pasta-Bar Alfredo Sauce\n\n(01:35)\n\nRee includes creamy Alfredo Sauce on daughter Alex's birthday pasta bar.\n\n###### Ingredients\n\n * 1 stick butter\n * 1 cup heavy cream\n * Salt and freshly ground black pepper\n * 2 cups freshly grated Parmesan\n * Pasta cooking water, as needed\n\n###### Directions\n\nWatch how to make this recipe.\n\n * In a saucepan or skillet, warm the butter and cream. Season with salt and pepper. Add the Parmesan and stir until melted.\n\n * Toss to combine, thinning with pasta water if necessary.\n\nRecipe courtesy of Ree Drummond\n\n###### CATEGORIES:\n\n * Parmesan Cheese\n * Sauce\n\nView All\n\n##### Cooking Tips\n\n##### More Recipes and Ideas\n\n###### Cauliflower Alfredo Sauce\n\nRecipe courtesy of Katie Lee\n\n###### Spaghetti Squash Alfredo with Pancetta and Peas\n\nRecipe courtesy of Food Network Kitchen\n\n###### Chicken Fettuccine Alfredo\n\nRecipe courtesy of Trisha Yearwood\n\n###### Also Try:\n\n * Parmesan Cheese\n * Sauce Recipes\n * Cranberry Sauce Recipes\n\n##### BROWSE REVIEWS BY KEYWORD\n\n##### Reviews\n\n##### On TV\n\nFull TV Schedule\n\n##### On Air\n\n \n\nWatch Live TV\n\n##### On Tonight\n\n##### What's Hot\n\n###### Cooks vs. Cons\n\nWednesdays 10|9c\n\nAdvertisement\n\npowered by PubExchange\n\n### No active campaigns target this teaser\n\n##### Get Our Weekly Newsletter\n\nDon't miss the latest recipes, food news, TV exclusives and more, delivered\ndirectly to your email.\n\nSign Up Now\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThis recipe is featured in:\n\n###### Fall Weeknight Dinners\n\nInternational Editions\n\nSee All Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * Site Map\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * AdChoices\n * Infringements\n * About\n * Advertise With Us\n * Help\n * Contact Us\n\n© 2016 Television Food Network G.P. All Rights Reserved.\n\nFood Network Sites\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.foodtimeline.org/foodfaq2.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211216230014/https://www.foodtimeline.org/foodfaq2.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Food Timeline--history notes: muffins to yogurt", "passages": [ "Mozzarella cheese In America today, mozzarella is the cheese of choice for pizza, lasagna & other baked Italian-American dishes. It Italy, mozzarella has a long and venerable tradition. Originally made by monks from buffalo milk, this soft cheese can also be made with cow's milk. Fried cheese is often composed with mozzarella. Fresh mozzarella is sometimes paired with tomatoes for salads and appetizers. Smoked varieties exist as well.", "Why do we call it \"mozzarella?\" \"Its name in Italion means literally 'little socie'. It is a diminutive form of mozza, 'slice, slice of cheese', a derivative of the verb mozzare, 'cut off'; which perhaps came ultimately from Latin mutilare.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto[Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 218)", "Product origin & evolution \"Mozzarella. As early as the thirteenth century, the monks of San Lorenzo in Capua used to give bread and mozza to the members of the chapter who took part in their processions but it was not until after the seventeenth century that buffalo's milk Mozzarella began to be produced on a large scale in the socalled \"bufalare\" or \"buffalo pastures.\" Mozzarella di Bufala is a fresh, stretchedcurd cheese made up of very thin layers.\" ---Italian Cheese: Two Hundred Types A Guide to Their Discovery and Appreciation, Slow Food Editore [Cuneo:Italy] (p. 84) [NOTE: this book describes the current process for making mozzarella cheese. If you would like this information ask your librarian to help you obtain a copy.]", "Mozzarella, a cheese originally made from buffalos milk at Cardito, Aversa, in the Mazzoni of Capua, and in the Salernitano, is now made from cows milk, and in every part of Italy. It is usually made in fairly small forms, from a few ounces up to a pound or more. As well as being eaten raw, Mozzerella is the basis of the Pizza Napoletana, and is used in the famous Bolognese Petto di Tacchino alla Cardinale, as well as the more humbil Suppli al Telefono. ---Cheeses of the World, Andre Simon [Faber & Faber:London] 1960 (p. 91)", "\"Mozzarella. A soft fresh cheese made from cow's or buffalo's milk. One of the most important and ubiquitous cheeses in Italy, though southern ones are the best...Mozzarella was once made mostly from buffalo's milk...but when the Nazis retreated from Italy in World War II, they killed off most of the herds. The cheese was then made with cow's milk...although the buffalo herds have been restocked with animals from India. Today \"mozzarella di bufala\" is again common, though it often contains only a small percentage of buffalo milk.\" ---Dictionary Of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 159)", "\"In Italian neighbourhoods in the United States, the Italian grocer will have received his daily shipment of mozzarella curd from a local distributor and will himself have completed the final steps of manufacture, heating the white, pliant curd, kneading it until it is soft, and moulding it into irregular spherical shapes...The facotry -made mozzarella that is sold largely in supermarkets is another--and a most uninteresting--cheese. It is older, firmer, and without juice, because unlike the mozzarellas you find in Italy or in Italian-American neighborhoods, these are manufactured and packaged for a longer shelf life, and toward that end its juices--one of its most beguiling characteristics--have been wrung from it...The recently developed 'pizza cheese' made in the Middle West and shipped to the Eastern states of America is even drier than the factory-made mozzarella. And so it must be, we are told; otherwise it would never reach the customer's pie in good condition.\" ---The Cheese Book, Vivienne Marquis and Patricia Haskell [Leslie Frewin:London] 1966 (p. 34-5)", "In the early twenty-first century, processed cheese competes with mozzarella for the largest annual sales numbers. Distinct from the classic cooked and stretched pasta filata Italian mozzarella, the cheese produced in the United States is mostly a brined product used to make ever-increasing quantities of fresh and frozen pizza. ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith [Oxford University Press:New York] Volume 1 (p. 206)", "Researching the history of bread-related products is difficult because bread is THE universal food. Ancient peoples of all places discovered the combination of cooked", "\"Muffin...a term connected with moufflet, an old French word applied to bread, meaning soft....The word muffin first appeared in print in the early 18th century, and recipes began to be published in the middle of the 18th century. There has always been some confusion between muffins, crumpets, and pikelets, both in recipes and in name. Muffin' usually meant a breadlike product (sometimes simply made from whatever bread dough was available), as opposed to the more pancake-like crumpets...Muffins were most popular during the 19th century, when muffin men traversed the town streets at teatime, ringing their bells. In the 1840s the muffin-man's bell was prohibited by Act of Parliament because many people objected to it, but the prohibition was ineffective...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999(p. 517)", "\"Muffin...In Great Britain, a muffin is a traditional light-textured roll, round and flat, which is made with yeast dough. Muffins are usually enjoyed in the winter - split, toasted, buttered, and served hot for tea, and sometimes with jam. In the Victorian era muffins were bought in the street from sellers who carried trays of them on their heads, ringing a handbell to call their wares. In North America muffins are entirely different. The raising (leavening) agent is baking powder and the muffins are cooked in deep patty (muffin) tins. Cornmeal and bran are sometimes substituted for some of the flour.\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Jenifer Harvey Lang editor [Crown:New York] 1988 (p. 703)", "\"Muffin...a small yeast cake usually sweetened with a bit of sugar. In England muffins were once called \"tea cakes,\" while in America muffins are served primarily for breakfast or as an accompaniment to dinner...The origins of the word are obscure, but possible it is from Low German muffe [meaning] cake. The term was first printed in English in 1703, and Hannah Glasse in her 1747 cookbook fives a recipe for making muffins. Mush muffins (called slipperdowns in New England) were a Colonial muffin made with hominy on a hanging griddle.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Freidman Books:New York] 1999 (p. 211)", "\"Sometimes misnamed gems, muffins were baked in deeper pans and were not quite as breadlike as gems. Muffins graduated from being cooked in a utensil called muffin rings to a special baking pans. Muffin rings were hooplike accessories placed directly on a hot stove or the bottom of a skillet. Batter was then poured into them. The rings did not prove to be as popular with muffin consumers as molds of the same period. However, their demise as holders of raw muffin batter was not in vain, for they remain a valuable kitchen accessory to make popular English muffins or fried eggs. The muffin molds of the nineteenth century turned out to be an extremely deficient product. The baked their contents thoroughly and very evenly...\" ---The Old West Baking Book, Lon Walters (p. 34)", "About English muffins \"English muffins\" as American know them today are most closely connected with the ancient Welsh tradition of cooking small round yeast cakes known as \"bara\" [bread] \"maen\" [stone] on bakestones. \"English muffins\" were later cooked on griddles, as opposed to muffin tins. Related food? crumpets & tea cakes.", "\"The English muffin is round and made from a soft yeast-leavened dough enriched with milk and butter. It is usually cooked on a griddle, which gives it a flat, golden-brown top and bottom, and a white band around the waste and a light, spongy interior...This method appears as early as 1747 and was recommended by Hannah Glasse.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999", "Mrs. Glasse's original recipe was not titled English muffins. She also includes instructions for proper opening (warning NOT! to use a knife).", "\"To make Muffings and Oat-Cakes To a Buschel of Hertfordshire white Flour, take a Pint and a half of good Ale-yeast, from pale Malt if you can get it, becuase it is whitest; let the Yeast lie in Water all night, the next Day pour off the Water clear, make two Gallons of Water just Milk warm, not to scald your Yeast, and two Ounces of Salt, mix your Water, Yeast and Salt well toghether for about a quarter of an Hour, then strain it, and mix up your Dough as light as possible, and let it lie in your Trough an Hour to rise, then with your Hand roll it, and pull it into little Pieces about as big as a large Walnut, roll them with your Hand like a Ball, lay them on your Table, and as fast as you do them lay a Piece of Flannel over them, and be sure to keep your Dough cover'd with Flannel; when you have rolled out all your Dough, begin to bake the first, and by that Time they will be spread out in the right Form; lay them on your Iron, as one Side begins to change Colour turn the other, and take great Care they don't burn, or be too much discolour'd; but that you will be a Judge off in two or three Makings. Take care the middle of the Iron is not too hot, as it will be, but then you may put a Brick-bat or two in the middle of the Fire to slacken the heat. The Thing you bake on must be made thus. Build a Place just as if you was going to set a Copper, and in the Stead of a Copper a Piece of Iron all over the Top fix'd in Form, just the frame as the Bottom of the Iron Pot, and make your Fire underneath with Coal as in a Copper; observe, Muffings are made in the same Way, only this, when you pull them to Pieces roll them in a good deal of Flour, and with a Rolling-pin roll them thin, cover them with a Piece of Flannel, and they will rise to a proper Thickness; and if you find them too big or too little, you must roll Dough accordingly, these must not be the least discoloured.", "And when you eat them, toast them with a Fork crisp on both Sides, then with your Hand pull them open, and they will be like a Honey-Comb; lay in as much Butter as you intend to use, then clap them together again, and set it by the Fire, when you think the Butter is melted turn them, that both Sides may be butter'd alike, but ton't touch them with a Knife, either to spread or cut them open, if you do they will be as heavy as Lead, only when they are quite butter'd and done, you may cut them across with a Knife.\" ---The Art of Cookery Made Plain & Easy, Hannah Glasse, facismile first edition 1747 [Prospect Books:Devon] 1995 (p. 151)", "Thomas' brand English muffins were introduced to New York City in the late 19th century: \"Although tea muffins that were once popular in England resembled the American \"English muffin,\" there is no single muffin in Britain by this specific name...Most of the store-bought varieties [of English muffin] derive from those made by the S. B. Thomas Company of New York, whose founder, Samuel Bath Thomas, emigrated from England in 1875 with his mother's recipe and began making muffins at his Ninth Avenue bakery in 1880. The name was first printed in 1925.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 123)", "Recommended reading: English Bread and Yeast Cookery, Elizabeth David, chapter on crumpets and muffins (pps. 341-361) Related foods: crumpets, scones & bannock.", "Crumpets & scones The first use of any food often predates the first occurance of printed evidence by many years. To further complicate matters, variant spellings often appear in older texts. An inspection of recipes confirms or refutes culinary linkage. The Oxford English Dictionary traces the history of the word and recipe for crumpets back to 1382:", "\"Crumpet...[Not known till late in 17th century], Wyclif has however 'crompid cake' as a rendering in laganum, which may be the antecedent of the name. [1382:Wyclif] A cake of a loaf, a crusted cake spreynde with oyle, a crompid cake...[1694:Westmacott] The make Cakes of it (Buck Wheat)...as they do oat- cakes, and call it Crumpit. Crumpet...A soft cake made of flour, beaten egg, milk, and barm or baking powder, mixed into batter, and baked on an iron plate...Now usually a soft, round, doughy cake made with flour and yeast, cooked on a griddle or the like and usually eaten toasted with butter. [1769:Raffald] To make tea crumpets...\" ---Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, volume IV (p. 83)", "\"The origins of the crumpet are mysterious. As early as 1382, Johy Wycliffe, in his translation of the Bible, mentioned crompid cake, whose name may be the precursor of the modern term, but the actual 'cake' itself does not bear much resemblance to the present-day crumpet. It seems to have been a thin cake cooked on a hot griddle, so that the edges curled up (crompid goes back to Old English crump, crumb, 'crooked', and is related to the modern English crumple). The inspiration behind its naming thus seems to be very familiar to that of crepe, which literally means 'curled'. Earliest recipes for crumpets, from the late seventeenth century, continue this theme, standardly using buckwheat flour, and it is not until nearly a hundred years later that crumpets as we know then today beging to emerge...During the 19th century the crumpet--toasted before the fire, its honeycomb of cavities filled with melting butter--established itself as an indispensible part of the English teatime scene.\" ---An A to Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 100)", "\"The earliest published recipe for crumpets of the kind known now is from Elizabeth Raffald (1769).\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 230)", "\"To make tea crumpets Beat two eggs very well, put them to a quart of warm milk and water, and a large spoonful of barm: beat in as much fine flour as will make them rather thicker than a common batter pudding, then make your bakestone very hot, and rub it with a little butter wrapped in a clean linen cloth, then pour a large spoonful of batter upon your stone, and let it run to the size of a tea-saucer; turn it, and when you want to use them roast them very crisp, and butter them.\" ---The Experienced English Housekeeper, Elizabeth Raffald, [unabridged facsimile 1769 print with an introduction by Roy Shipperbottom [Southover Press:East Sussex] 1997", "Scones The origin of scones is closely connected with the ancient Welsh tradition of cooking small round yeast cakes known as \"bara\" [bread] \"maen\" [stone] on bakestones. These early leavened bread products were later cooked on griddles. The Oxford English Dictionary traces the word \"scone\" in print to 1513. This book suggests the history of the word is derived from Middle Dutch (schoonbrot) or Middle German (schonbrot), meaning \"fine bread.\" Scones that we know today are leavened with modern baking powder/soda, both mid-19th century inventions. About baking powder. Scones are traditionally connected with Scotland, Ireland and England.", "\"Scone. A large found cake made of wheat or barleymeal baked on a griddle; one of the four quadrant-shaped pieces into which which a cake is often cut; more generally, a soft cake of barley or oatmeal, or wheat-flour, baked in single portions on a griddle or in an oven.\" ---The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition", "\"The scone comes from Scotland--the first known reference to it comes in a translation of the Aeneid (1513) by the Scots poet Gavin Douglas: The flour sconnis war sett in, by and by, wyth other mesis.' Made from fine white fout (echoing the possible source of their name, Dutch schoonbroot, fine white bread'), sour milk or buttermilk, and a raising agent (since the mid- nineteenth century, bicarbonate of soda), and baked on a griddle or in the oven, scones originally came in the form of flat cakes cut into four, producing portions that were either square or, if the original cake were round, roughly triangular. Individually baked round scones are a later development. The pronunciation of the word scone has never really settled down. Early spellings suggest a short vowel, rhyming with swan, but the version with the diphthong, rhyming with stone, is if anything commoner today.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 304)", "\"Scone...What is certain is that the term is mainly a British one, and covers a wide range of small, fairly plain cakes. Leavened with baking powder, or bicarbonate of soda, and an acid ingredient such a sour milk, they are quickly made and best eaten hot with butter. Scone recipes are found in great variety up and down the British Isles but, together with the closely related bannock, are particularly a Scottish specialty.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 704)", "\"The Scots are famous for the variety of scones (from the Gaelic, sgoon, and it should rhyme with gone'): some of the most popular ones are [soda scones, wholemeal scones, rich white scones, treacle scones, potato scones, ballater scones and drop scones.]\" ---Traditional Scottish Cookery, Theodora Fitzgibbon [Fontana:Suffolk] 1980 (p. 231-5) [NOTE: This book contains recipes for each of the scones listed above.]", "[1874] \"Scones. Put as much barley-meal as will be required into a bowl, add a pinch of salt, and stir in cold water to make a stiff paste. Roll this out into round cakes a quarter of an inch thick, and bake on a girdle. Split the cakes open, butter them well, and serve hot. A little butter may be rubbed into the meal if liked. Richer scones may be made by dissolving an ounce of fresh butter in a pint of hot milk, and stirring this into as much flour as will make a stiff dough. When it is not convenient to bake the scones on a girdle, a thick frying-pan may be used instead. Time to bake the scones, about four minutes.\"", "Scones, Soda. Dissolve half a salt-spoonful of carbonate of soda and five ounces of fresh butter or lard in a quarter of a pint of warm water or milk: put ten ounces of four into a bowl, add a pinch of salt, and stir in the liquor to make a stiff dough. Roll this out into a round cake a quarter of an inch thick, mark this into eight portions, and bake on a girdle or a thick frying-pan. Split the scones, butter them will, and serve very hot. Time, to bake, fifteen to twenty minutes. Probable cost, 6d. ---Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery with Numerous Illustrations [Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Co.:London] 1874 (p. 842)", "[1893] \"Scones--No.l 1 3/4 lb Flour, 1/2 pint Milk, 1 oz Butter, 2 teaspoonsful Baking Powder...Total cost 5d. Time--10 minutes. Rub the butter into the flour, stir in the baking powder, and make into a very light dough with the milk; turn on to a floured board, knead for a few minutes, roll out about half and inch thick. Cut into shapes, put onto a floured tin, and bake in a quick oven for about ten minutes. Serve either hot or cold.\" ---The Art of Living in Australia, Philip Muskett, 1893 (p. 393) [NOTE: Scones No. 2 and 3 are variations along similar lines, the 3rd recipe includeing drippings, sour milk, & sugar.]", "[1909] \"Scones 3 cups of flour, a pinch of salt, half a teaspoonful of soda, 1 heaped teaspoonful cream of tartar, 1 tablespoonful of butter, half a pint of milk. Put the flour, salt, cream of tartar, and soda into a bowl; rub the butter in with the tips of the fingers; make a well in the centre and our all the milk in at once. Turn out on to a slightly floured board and knead as lightly as possible; press out with the palm of the hand into a cake; brush over with yolk; cut into neat scones, and place on a hot tin in a hot oven for fifteen minutes. Roll in cloth till cold.\" ---The Schauer Cookery Book, Misses A. and M. Schauer [Edwards, Dunlop & Co. Ltd.:Brisbane] 1909 (p. 306-307) [NOTE: This book also contains another recipe for Scones and more for Potato Scones, Brown Scones, Girdle Scones, Good Scones, Drop Scones, Oatmeal Scones.]", "[1956] \"Scones It is interesting to read in old-fashioned books recipes for scones containing no leavening agent. Most of them were rolled thin, handled quickly, balked on a hot girdle, and served at once. Flour, butter, salt, and cream are the ingredients for one recipe for another sago boiled im milk, salt, and flour. Others were made with barm or yeast. The lightest scones are those made with sour cream, sour milk, or buttermilk. Four 1 lb. flour and 1 teaspoon use: 3/4 teaspoon bicarbonate of soad and the same quantity of cream or tartar, with enough buttermilk to mix to a soft dough-- or--Other additions to each pound of flour may be 1-2 oz. sugar, 2 oz. fat, 2 oz. fruit, 1-2 eggs may replace part of the liquid. The soda and cream of tartar should be free of lumps, and these and the flour should be sieved before mixing. Fat is rubbed in with the fingers. The dough should be soft and moist and must be mixed in a bowl, turned on to a floured board, kneaded very lightly, pressed out to the required thickness (generally about 3/4 inch), and then cut in triangles or circles. The scones should be cooked on a girdle or in the oven. Time 7-15 minutes.\" ---The Constance Spry Cookery Book, Constance Spry [Pan Books Ltd.:London] 1956 (p. 778) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for Girdle Scones, Old-Fashioned Plain Soda Scones, Drop Scones, Potato Scones, and Welsh Girdle Scones.]", "Bannock This simple bread stuff is interesting because it embraces not one, but several recipes and cooking methods. The genesis belongs to the British Isles, circa 1000AD. The connecting culinary thread is this food was composed of cheap grains consumed by the common people with rudimentary cooking facilties. Old World recipes purposed oats and barley. New World versions introduced maize/corn to the mix. While some Native American peoples ate bannock-type foods, the recipes below confirm British origination. New World bannocks are found in places where Scottish peoples settled in high concentrations.", "The earliest recipes we found titled \"Bannock\" were published in the 19th century. They do not show up in early Scottish cook books ( Lady Castlehill's Receipt Book [1712] Mrs. McLintock's Receipts for Cookery and Pastry-Work [1736], Meg Dod's Cook and Housewife's Manual [1829]). This is not surprising since these books, like their contemporary London counterparts, were published for the upper classes.", "What is bannock? According to the Oxford English Dictionary \" The name, in Scotland and north of England, of a form in which home-made bread is made; usually unleavened, of large size, round or oval form, and flattish, without being as thin as scon or oat-cake. In Scotland, bannocks are usually of barley- or pease-meal, but may be of wheaten flour; in some parts a large fruit cake or bun of the same shape is called a currant-bannock. In north of England the name is sometimes given to oat- or haver-bread, when made thicker and softer than an oat-cake; but local usage varies. (Cf. the dialect glossaries).\" The earliest print evidence is this: \"a1000 Gloss in Haupt's Zeitschr. IX. 463 Bucellam semiplenam, healfne bannuc.\" (accessed online September 7, 2013)", "Why call it \"bannock?\" \"The word bannock is probably of Celtic origin; it may be related to Breton bannach, 'drop, bit' and Cornish banna, 'drop'.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 18)", "Who ate bannocks? \"Bannocks are the bread of the less priviledged fringes of Britain. While southern England luxuriated in soft leavened wheat bread, areas like Scotland, Wales, and northern England had largely to make do in former times with round fairly flat loaves made from oatmeal or barley flour and bkaed on griddles and bakestones. Bannock was the name given to such loaves made from barley in Scotland, and in northern England it was used for a thick verson of the oatcake.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 18)", "Scotland's bannock: \"The word 'bannock' covers several different kinds of foods: generally it refers to griddle or girdle cakes made with oatmeal, barley meal, pease-meal or with flour, but there is the Selkirk Bannock...and the Pithcaithly Bannock...which are sweetened tea-breads or cakes. From the earliest years special kinds of bannocks were made for every Highland quarter day: on 1 February, the Bonnack Bride (St. Bride's bannock) was cooked to celebrate the first day of Spring; the Bonnach Bealtain (Beltane bannock) for the first day of summer, Bonnach Lunastain (Lammas bannock) for the first day of autumn and the Bonnach Samhtain (Hallomas bannock) for the first day of winter. Bannocks were baked for a child's birth (Cryin' Bannock), and there was a Teethin' Bannock baked with a ring in it which was later used as a teething ring, and when the bannock broke each person present got a small piece of it. There were special bannocks fired for St. Columba's Eve, for marriage and for Christmas. Each one was a variety of oatcake...some made with eggs, butter, cream and sugar. Today many of these customs have died out but the bannock remains in several forms. If using a griddle then it must be warmed up before starting to cook.\" ---Traditional Scottish Cookery, Theodora Fitzgibbon [Fontana Paperbacks:Suffolk UK] 1980 (p. 225)", "Canadian pioneer experience: \"Flour was a luxury item in the early days of the fur trade. Only a small ration was carried in the crowded canoes. It was used to thicken the pemmican style soup, rubbaboo, or occasionally to make galettes...By the mid 1800's grain was raised at Red River and a few ot he major fur trading posts. After that time, bannock became a staple food used by both fur traders and settlers. The original flour water mixture became more elaborate by adding salt, suet, lard, butter, buttermilk, baking soda, or baking powder. Other names for the product were grease bannock, baking powder bannock, grease bread, bush bread, and trail bread. The fur traders introduced bannock to the Indians. It wasn't used much due to the absence of flour until the buffalo herds disappeared and the Indians were located on reserves. Out of necessity it became a staple food for them using flour provided by government agencies. Bannock continued to be the bread product used by settlers almost exclusively until 1880 and for years after that in some localities...Bannock was made into a large round biscuit and baked in a frying pan or in the ashes of the campfire. Usually the frying pan was tilted against a rock so that it slanted towards the fire for part of the baking. Jock Carpenter described a typical method of preparing bannock in the 1870's. 'Flour was not plentiful with us, so even a small bannock was a real treat to us children. Mother mixed flour, salt and water together, kneading the dough quite firm and shaping it into round cakes. As we carried but one frying pan the cakes of bannock were first crusted on it, then stood up abainst sticks in a large circle around a brighly lit fire, with mother keeping guard to turn them often so both sides might be browned evenly.' Early pioneers baked large or small bannocks in outdoor bake ovens, on the stove lids, if they had a stove. During the later years they were baked in a frypan on top of the stove or in the oven. Another adaptation used by fur traders, and by Indian living on reservations, was to fry the bannock in grease, hense the name 'grease bread.'\" ---The Pioneer Cook: A Historical View of Canadian Prairie Food, B. Barss [Detselig Enterprises Ltd.:Calgary Alberta] 1980 (p. 65-67) [NOTE: recipes from this book here.]", "[1832] \"Indian cake. Indian cake, or bannock, is sweet and cheap food. One quart of sifted meal, two great spoonfuls of molasses, two tea-spoonfuls of salt, a bit of shortening half as big as a hen's egg, stirred together; make it pretty moist with scalding water, put it into a well breased pan, smooth over the surface with a spoon, and bake it brown on both sides, before a quick fire. A little stewed pumpkin, scalded with meal, improves the cake. Bannock split and dipped in butter makes very nice toast.\" ---The American Frugal Housewife, Mrs. [Lydia Maria] Child, facsimile 12th edition, enlarged and corrected by the author, 1832 [Applewood Books:Boston] undated (p. 75) [NOTE: \"Indian\" in this recipe refers to maize/corn meal, not a Native American dish.]", "[1839] \"Bannock. Sift a quart of fine Indian meal, mix with it a salt- spoonful of salt, two large spoonfuls of butter and a gill of molasses; make it into a common dough with scalding water, or hot sweet milk, mixing it well with a spoon; put it in a well buttered skillet, make it smooth, and bake it rather briskly. When it is done, cut it in thin smooth slices, toast them lightly, butter them, stack them and cut them warm.\"", "[1859] \"Oatmeal Bannocks These are made simply of Scotch oatmeal mixed into a paste with water, and made into cakes about the size of a common saucer, and quite half an inch thick. They are then baked of a light brown in a moderate oven.\" ---The English Bread Book, Eliza Acton, facsimile 1859 edition with an introduction by Elizabeth Ray [Southover Press:East Sussex] 1990 (p. 154)", "[1929] \"Bere or Barley Bannocks (Old Method) Barley-meal, butter, salt, sweet milk. Put half a pint of milk into a pan with a pinch of salt and an ounce or more of butter. Bring to the boil and stir in quickly enough barley-meal to make a pliable dough. Turn out on a floured board, roll out thinly, cut into rounds the size of a meat-plate. Bake on a hot girdle, turing them once, on a rather sharp fire. They should be eaten hot.", "(Modern Method) Barley-meal, flour, bicarbonate of soda, salt, buttermilk. Put into a bowl a pound of barley-meal, four ounces of flour, and half a teaspoonful of salt. Mix well. Put three teacupfuls of buttermilk into a jug and into it stir two small teaspoonfuls of carbonate of soda. Stir briskly, and, as it fizzes up, pour it into the flour mixture. Make into a soft dough, turn out on a floured board, handle as little as possible, but roll out lightly to about half an inch in thickness; cut into rounds the size of a meat-plate, place on a hot girdle, and bake (not too quickly) until the under side is brown; turn the bannock and brown the other side.\" ---The Scot's Kitchen, F. Marian McNeill, facsimile 1929 edition [Mercat Press:Edinburgh] 1993 (p. 170-171) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for Pease Bannock, and Mashlum ((maslin)) Bannocks.]", "[1954] \"Mendon Bannock This is a Nantucket dish that goes back to the days of Peter Folger, the Island's first miller. Peter's fee was 2 quarts of corn meal for every bushel of corn he ground, and the Folgers just about lived on corn meal--bannook for breakfast, johnnycake for dinner, whitpot for tea... 1 cup corn meal 1 qt. milk 5 eggs, well beaten 2 tbsps. sugar 1 tsp salt 1. Pace corn meal in saucepan. Scald milk. Pour over corn meal. Cook, over low heat, until thick, stirring constantly. Cool to lukeward. (Until blood-warm, the Quakers said.) 2. Add eggs, sugar and salt. 3. Pour into greased baking dish. Bake in 350 degree oven, about 30 minutes, or until done. In Nantucket I had Mendon Bannock with little sausages for breakfast. At home I have served it with ham and mushrooms. It is something like Spoon Bread.\" ---New England Cookbook, Eleanor Early [Random House:New YOrk] 1954 (p. 110) [NOTE: What was Spoon Bread?]", "[1970] \"Buttermilk Bannock Indians all over Canada still make bannock and good they are. After all they are the ancestors of our baking powder biscuits. 3 1/2 cups all-purpose flour 1/2 cup wheat germ 1 3/4 teaspoons soda 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar 1 teaspoon salt 1/4 cup melted butter 2 tablespoons corn syrup or treacle or molasses 1 1/2 cups buttermilk Mix in a bow the flour, wheat germ, soda, cream of tartar and salt. Combine melted butter, syrup and buttermilk. Pour over the dry ingredients and mix with a fork. It may be necessary to ad a little more buttermilk, to make a soft dough. Turn dough on a lightly floured board and knead gently for a few seconds. Shape in 2 thick round cakes about 7 inches in diameter. Place on buttered cooky sheet. Bacon fat gives a nice flavor. Mark into wedges with a sharp knife. Bake in a preheated oven 375 degrees F. 30 to 35 minutes or until golden brown. Brush to with melted butter or bacon fat as soon as out of the oven. Break in wedges and serve.", "\"Pioneer's Bannock Especially good eaten hot. Spread with bacon fat or half bacon fat, half butter creamed together. 3 cups all-purpose flour 2 teaspoons baking powder 1/4 teaspoon salt 2 to 4 tablespoons lard 1 1/2 to 2 cups cold water Mix in a bowl the flour, baking powder and salt. Cut in the lard and add as much water as needed to make a soft dough. Knead a few minutes. Flatten it out in a well greased cast-iron frying pan. Bake in preheated 375 degree F. oven, 20 to 35 minutes or until golden brown. Break up pieces to serve instead of cutting with a knife.\" ---The Canadiana Cookbook, Mme. Jehane Benoit [Pagurian Press Ltd.:Toronto] 1970 (p.146-147)", "[1975] \"Campfire Bannock 2 cups flour 1/2 teaspoon salt 2 teaspoons baking powder 2 tablespoons tallow (lard) finely chopped enough water to make a soft dough Heat frying pan over hot coals; add enough lard to cover bottom of pan. Spoon dough into pan; flatten top, and fry until bannock is well raised. Turn and cook the other side; add more lard if needed. Do not have frying pan too hot. You can also cook this as a dumpling in a stew.\"", "\"Old Country Bannock (The original Scottish Bannock) 1 cup wheat flour and 1 cup barley flour or 1 cup wheat flour and 1 cup flour or oatmeal 1/2 teaspoon salt 3-4 teaspoons baking powder 2-3 tablespoons brown sugar (optional) 2 tablespoons cold butter 3/4 - 7/8 cup water Mix dry ingredients well. Cut in butter with forks, breaking into fine particles. Add water slowly, enough to make a soft dough (this is optional). Bake in a greased skillet next to the hot coals of a fire and brown on both sides, taking care not to burn.\" ---Yukon Cookbook, Lenoa Kananen [Douglas & McIntyre:Vancouver] 1975 (p. 31) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for Berry Bannock (wild berries or raisins) & Gold Nugget Bannock (with fresh wheat germ)", "[1977] \"Bannock 2 cups flour 1 teaspoon salt 2 tablespoons baking powder 1 tablespoon sugar 2 tablespoons lard 3 cup cold water Mix the flour, salt, baking powder, sugar and lard. Stir in enough cold water to make a thick batter that will pour. Combine quickly until smooth and pour at once into a greased baking pan. Fill the pan to half-full. Bake in a 400 degree oven for 35-45 minutes. Serve with butter and honey or a wild berry jam.\" ---Out of Old Nova Scotia Kitchens, Marie Nightingale, McCurdy Printing Company Ltd.:St Andrews (?)] 10th printing, May 1977 (p. 98)", "[1980] \"Red River Bannock This recipe originated with the Red River settlers, and is still used to make the bannock served at Lord Selkirk Association gatherings. The settler's original recipe had no leavening agent, and was cooked in a brick oven or on a hearth. The dripping were probably buffalo fat. 2 sifters flour (8 1/2 cups) 1 tsp. salt 2 heaping tsp; baking powder Sift into a large mixing bowl and make a hole in the center Mix together: 2 c. melted beef drippings 2 c. warm water Pour gently into the hole working in the flour around. Divide the dough into pieces for each bannock and roll to thickness of 1/4 to 1/2 inch. Prick on both sides. Set on middle rack of preheated oven (400 degrees F) and bake about 20 minutes, until lightly browned. N. Fidler, Manitoba.\" ---The Pioneer Cook: A Historical View of Canadian Prairie Food, B. Barss [Detselig Enterprises Ltd.:Calgary Alberta] 1980 (p. 68) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for Campfire Bannock & Scottish Bannock (p. 68-69).]", "[1980] \"Fife Bannocks Recipe from the Scottish Women's Rural Institutes 6 oz. (175 g.) plain flour 4 oz (125 g.) oatmeal 1/2 teaspoon bicarbonate soda 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar pinch of salt and sugar 1 rounded teaspoon lard, butter or margarine 1/4 pint (150 ml.) approx. sour milk or buttermilk Sieve the flour and mix all the dry ingredients together, then rub in the fat and add enough sour milk or buttermilk to make a soft dough. Turn out on to a lightly floured surface, knead lightly and roll out to a circle. Cut in four, then put on to a hot griddle which has been rubbed over lightly with a piece of fat, or use a thick-bottomed frying-pan and cook on both sides until golden brown. Or bake in a hot oven, 400 degrees F. (200 degrees C.) or gas mark 6, near the top, for about 15-20 minutes.\" ---Traditional Scottish Cookery, Theodora Fitzgibbon [Fontana Paperbacks:Suffolk UK] 1980 (p. 226)", "\"Selkirk Bannock This bannock is a yeasted fruit...first made by Robbie Douglas, a baker of Selkirk 1859. It was originally made only with the best Turkish sultanas, but nowadays a littled candied orange peel is also added and this gives a very pleasant flavour. 4 oz. (125 g.) butter 4 oz. (125 g.) lard 1/2 pint (2oo ml.) milk, tepid 1 oz (25 g.) fresh yeast or 1/2 oz. (12 g.) dried 1/2 teaspoon sugar 2 lb (900 g.) sifted flour 1 lb (450 g.) sultanas-slightly warmed 1/2 lb (225 g.) sugar--slighly warmed 4 oz. (125 g.) candied orange peel, chopped, optional a little milk mixed with sugar for glazing Heat the butter and lard until soft, but do not let it oil. Add the milk, warmed to blood heat and reserve. Cream the yeast with the 1/2 teaspoon sugar, add the milk and butter mixture and let the yeast work. Meanwhile sift the flour, make a well in the middle and pour in the liquid, then sprinke the flour from the sides lighlty over thetop, so that it bubbles through and makes a batter. Cover with a cloth and leave in a warm place for about 1 hour or until it has almost doubled in size. Knead well by punching it down, add the fruit with the remaining sugar and the peel. Knead again for about 5 minutes, then shape into a round flattish shape (or put into a loaf tin if preferred, but the dough should only come to two-thirds of the way up) and put again, covered in a warm place to rise for about 45 minutes. It can be enclosed and secured in a large polythene bag if preferred. Then bake in a moderate oven, 350 degrees F. (180 degrees C.) or gas mark 4, for 1 1/4 hours, take out the brush over the top with the milk which has had a little sugar dissolved in it and put back in the oven to cook for a further 15 minutes. Test with a skewer before taking from the oven and the bottom will sound hollow when tapped if it is properly cooked.\" ---ibid. (p. 250-251) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for Barley Bannocks (p. 226) & Pitcaithly Bannock (almonds, rice flour & candied orange peel p. 249).]", "[2003] \"Bannock Bread This bread is a lot like frybread in the sense that there are many versions, all valid, of this flattish cake/bread which is, in another sense, a journey or traveling bread. The name is actually Scottish in origin. It must have come into the vocabulary through the means of intermarriage. It is rather northern, even northeastern because of other names used for it: Chippewa Bannock, Canadian Cree Bannock and most recently, Mohawk Bannock. 3 cups flour 1 teaspoon salt 3 tablespoons baking powder 1-1/2 tablespoons sugar 4 tablespoons melted butter or bacon fat 1 or more cups of milk 1/4 cup cooking oil Grease a 10-inch cast iron pan and place it in the oven which you set to 450 degrees to preheat. Mix or sift together the dry ingredients, then blend in the butter or bacon fat and the milk to form dough. Put the dough on a floured board and knead until the dough is elastic. Remove the preheated cast-iron pan from the oven and put the dough in it for a few minutes on one side, then turn over to get some butter or bacon fat on both sides. Flatten the dough down in the pan and bake in the oven for 15 to 20 minutes. It is done when golden brown. Serve hot plain or with sugar, jam or butter.\" ---\"Native Cooking,\" Dale Carson, Indian Country Today [Oneida, N.Y], July 16, 2003 (p. C4) [NOTE: Compare this \"Native\" recipe with fry bread.]", "About American muffins American muffins today are quite distinguishable from their English counterparts. This was not always so. An examination of American muffin recipes printed in 19th and 20th century cookbooks reveals some interesting culinary history. Early American muffin recipes were quite similar (if not exact copies) of English muffins. Given the history of our country this is not surprising. These same cookbooks also contain recipes for tea cakes' and other cakes to be baked in small pans which read more like the cakey muffins we know today in America. Tea cakes often called for spices, nuts and dried fruits (currants, dates, etc.). They were sweeter and were more likely to be baked than griddled.", "According to the Dictionary of American Regional English, Frederick G. Cassidy and Joan Houston Hall, editors, muffins are defined thusly \"A small cake; a cupcake.\" The first print reference cited is \"1879: Tyree, Housekeeping in Olde Virginia, 38, \"Another recipe for muffins...make the batter the consistency of pound cake, and bake in snow-ball cups as soon as made.\" The Oxford English Dictionary does not describe American-type muffins.", "\"Muffins...Women were making muffins well before the twentieth century...these varied mainly according to the type of flour used-white, graham, rye, corn. Sometimes a handful of chopped dates and/or raisins would be added, inch which case muffins became \"Fruit Gems.\"...For the most part, however, muffins remained basic-plain-until well into the twentieth Century. For years we had a fairly set repertoire of muffins: bran, blueberry, corn, date, apple, oatmeal, and such. Then in the 70s and 80s, muffin madness set in. Muffins exploded to three or four times their normal size....\" ---American Century Cookbook: The Most Popular Recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 332)", "American cookbooks confirm Mrs. Anderson's statement. Even into the early part of the 20th century, muffin recipes are few and basic. In 1920s recipes for muffins became more prolific, but were variations on the same basic theme of nuts, dried fruits and different flours (Graham, corn, rice, potato, etc.). Muffins with meat (Ham-and-Bacon Muffins) and vegetables (Squash, Pumpkin, or Sweet Potato Muffins) are also included. Mrs. Allen on Cooking, Menus, Service, Ida Bailey Allen [1929] lists 23 different muffin recipes. The 1946 edition of Irma Rombauer's Joy of Cooking lists 19 different muffin recipes including directions for fresh fruit muffins (blueberry, apple, cranberry). She also includes cheese muffins. Gregg Gillespie's 1001 Muffins [1998] includes many standard recipes as well as some our colonial ancestors probably never dreamed possible: chocolate carrot?", "About blueberry muffins It is doubtful that you will be able to trace the exact place where blueberry muffins were invented, but we can make some assumptions. First, true blueberries are native to North America, bilberries (a similar type of berry) are native to Central and Northern Europe. European settlers adapted their recipes (muffins, cakes, breads & use of fresh/dried fruits) to New World foodstuffs out of necessity. Therefore, anyplace where blueberries (they would have been the wild variety, not the plump, juicy berries we are used to seeing in the stores) grew, blueberry muffins might have been made. In the New World blueberries grew from North Carolina to Nova Scotia. Native Americans also used blueberries in their foods:", "\"A favorite dish of the Native Americans during colonial times was Sautauthig (pronounced saw-taw-teeg), a simple pudding made with dried, crushed blueberries, dried, cracked corn(or samp), and water. Later, the settlers added milk, butter and sugar when they were available. The Pilgrims loved Sautauthig and many historians believe that it was part of the first Thanksgiving feast. In a letter to friends back in England, one colonist describes how Sauthauthig was prepared: \"...this is to be boyled or stued with a gentle fire, till it be tender, of a fitt consistence, as of Rice so boyled, into which Milke, or butter be put either with sugar or without it, it is a food very pleasant...but it must be observed that it be very well boyled, the longer the better, some will let it be stuing the whole day: after it is Cold it groweth thicker, and is commonly Eaten by mixing a good Quantity of Milke amongst it.\" Lesson plan from the U.S. Highbush Council", "Mushrooms Food historians tell us prehistoric peoples most likely consumed fungi and mushrooms. These foods were easy to forage and incorporate into meals. The Ancient Romans appreciated the taste and grew mushrooms. Modern cultivation commenced around the 16th century. Truffles, from the Perigord region in France are considered some of the most delicate and expensive specimens of this particular type of food. Portobello and Cremini are relative newcomers.", "\"Fungus in the scientific sense, means any group of simple plants which include mushrooms and similar plants, yeasts, moulds, and the rusts which grow as parasites on crops. Unlike more advanced plants, fungi lack chlorophyll and so can only grown as sprophytes (from dead plants or animals); or as parasites (on living plants); or in a mycorrhizal relationship (symbiosis between fungi and the roots of trees)...The importance of fungi for human food is not limited to those which are eaten as such, or are visible. Many which are microorganisms play an important part in making or processing human food. Yeasts are an obvious example, and are regarded as beneficent because of their role in, for example, the making of bread dough...'Musrhooms', to use the term loosely as applying to edible fungi in general, are far better known as food in the northern than in the southern hemisphere.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 326)", "\"Mushrooms and other large varieties of fungus have geen eaten since earliest times, as traces of puffballs in the prehistoric lake dwellings of Switzerland, Germany, and Austria show; but not by everyone and not everywhere. The rarest and finest mushrooms, such as the truffle and the oronge, were highly esteemed in classical Greece and Rome, and have always been expensive...some mushrooms have been successfully cultivated for a long time. In classical times both Greeks and Romans grew the small Agrocybe aegerita...on slices of a poplar trunk. The Chinese and Japanese may have been growing chitake on rotting logs for even longer. Modern European cultivation goes back to 1600, when the French agriculturist Olivier de Serres suggested a method in his work Le Theatre d'agriculture des champs. In 1678 another Frenchman, the botanist Marchant, demonstrated to the Academie des Sciences how mushrooms could be sown in a controlled way by transplanting their mycelia (filaments whcih spread through the soil underneath them like fine roots).\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 519, 521) [NOTE: This book contains separate entries for specific types of mushrooms...shiitake, enokitake, truffles, etc. If you need these details ask your librarian to help you find a copy of the book.]", "\"Fungi have been associated with humans since prehistoric times and must have been collected and eaten along with other plants by hunter-gatherers prior to the deveolpment of agriculture...Although their prehistoric use remains uncertain, they may have been employed as food, in the preparation of beverages, and as medicine. There is, however, no specific evidence for the use of fungi prior to the Neolithic period, when fungi consumption would have been associated with the drinking of mead (yeast-fermented diluted honey) and yeast-fermented beer or wine, and, somewhat later, the eating of yeast- fermented (leavened) bread.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume One (p. 314) [NOTE: This book contains information on mushrooms/fungi as they relate to different cultures: Mesopotamia, Egypt, Sudan, China, Greece/Rome, Japan, Mexico, Near East, and Europe.]", "\"Cave drawings and paintings tell us hardly anything about the plants the cavedwellers ate, and it is even rarer to find them showing mushrooms, which does not mean that the latter never featured on prehistoric menus. Residues identified prove that other vegetables were in fact eaten, even if few felt any urge to depict them on cabe walls. Morever, if we look at the dietary customs of contemporary peoples who are still at the Paleolithic or Neolithic stage of development, there is plenty of evidence of an interest in mushrooms both edible and poisonous. The latter can be used for hunting, fishing, or indeed for homicial purposes...The ancient Egyptians and Romans greatly enjoyed mushrooms...The Bible, although full of references to food of many kinds, never mentions mushrooms, either in praise or otherwise...\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992 (p. 57)", "\"The first evidence that mushrooms were used as human food in prehistoric Europe is the recent find of a bowl of field mushrooms in a Bronze Age house near Nola in Italy. Mushrooms were gathered from the wild. Classical Greek authors tend to treat them as famine food, on the level with acorns. By Romans, however, they were so highly regarded that the Stoic writer Seneca gave up mushrooms (boleti) as unnecessary luxuries---an approach to the vegetarianism and asceticism that he toyed with. Recipes are suggested by Diphilus of Siphnos, in the third century BC, and in Apicius in the fourth century AD.\" ---Food in the Ancient World from A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 223)", "Why are they called \"mushrooms?\" \"The word mushroom, first recorded in the early fifteenth century, was borrowed from Old French mousseron. This has been traced back to a late Latin mussirio, a word of unknown origin.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 221)", "\"...it may seem surprosing that mushrooms entered the American culinary limelight only in the late nineteenth century. Until the 1890s, most mushroom recipes were for ketchups, sauces, and pickles, with occasional stewed mushooms or French-influenced dishes named \"champignons.\" Few Americans included mushrooms in kitchen gardens, which was undertandable given Hannah Glasse's rare and unappetizing instructions for mushroom cultivation...mushroom gathering was fraught with danger, for no reliable American guides distinguished between gustatory pleasure and peril. Typical is The Kentucky Housewife (1839) by Lettice Bryan, which simply warns the cook to \"be careful to select the esculent mushrooms, as some of them are very poisonous.\" Mushroom cultivation began in seventeeth-century France...The techniques were perfected in the 1870s and spread abroad, just as French cookery became fashionable in America. By the 1890s, a veritable fungus frenzy was sweeping America, bot as a fad food and as a scientific curiousity. Mushrooming clubs, were forager swapped tips, spring up quickly. Meticulously illustrated literature educated amateurs and professionals in identifying and cooking mushrooms...The first professional information on mushroom cultivation in America was disseminated on a large scale in the 1890s, mainly through the efforts of William Falconer.\" ---Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink, Andrew F. Smith, editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2007 (p. 396-7)", "19th/early 20th century examples of American mushroom cookery are available online courtesy of Michigan State Univeristy's Historic American Cookbook Project. Search mushroom in recipe title or as ingredient.", "\"Truffles...A number of fleshy subterranean fungi of the genus Tuber are called truffles...Truffles are also among the oldest vegetables in the historical record.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1872)", "\"The original truffle is the underground fungus of the genus Tuber, prized by gastronomes of several millennia for its ineffable perfume and its supposed aphrodesiac qualities. The Roman gourmet Apicius gave seven recipes for preparing it, and Brillat-Savarin apostophised it as 'the diamond in the art of cookery'. Until the nineteenth century truffles seem to have been relatively abundant...but these days demand so far outstrips the supply that (like oysters) they have passed beyond the reach of all but the very well- heeled.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2993 (p. 351)", "\"Truffles, althoug treated as a delicacy by both Greeks and Romans, were also somewhat of a puzzle to them. Mushrooms they could in their own way understand as they had both stalks and 'roots'. but truffles just appeared buried in the earth with no clue as to their origin. According to Pliny the most prized truffles came from Africa; Juevenal, more precisely, mentions Libya as the source of the best truffles, though Marital considered them to be still second to boleti. It us to Apicius again that we must turn to see how truffles were eaten in Ancient Rome. He recommends first scraping, then boiling, and afterards grilling them lightly on skewers; after this they are to be returned to a pan for boiling, this time with liquamen, carenum, pepper, wine and honey. When this sauce has thickened, he says, they can again be grilled wrapped in a sausage skin, and then served as they are. In addition, Apicius gives three sauces for serving with them and another recipe for cooking them. The Romans may not have known much about the origins of truffles but they certainly had ideas about preparing them for the table.\" ---Food in Antiquity: A Survey of the Diet of Early People, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell, expanded edition [Johns Hopkins University Press:Baltimore] 1998 (p. 92-3)", "The French connection \"Truffles had been known in Babylon as well as Rome...Although the people of medieval Baghdad feasted on truffles from the Arabian desert, in France Truffles remained sunk in obscurity until the fourteenth century, when they were pickled in vinegar, soaked in hot water and served with butter. That they were eaten at all was probably due to their reputation as an aphrodesiac (a label that was attached to most new or rare foods until the modern period.)...La Varenne suggested cooking truffles like mushrooms, but although Louis XIV was one famous enthusiast and Napoleon another, it was not well into the nineteenth century that the French really became converts. The truffles became so fashionable that the demand trebled, and so did the price.\" ---Food in History, Reay Tannahill [Three Rivers Press:New York] 1988 (p. 238-239)", "\"In France, the truffle of note (and the most famous variety) is the Perigord (Tuber melanosporum), a truffle that is black both inside and out, which Brillat-Savarin called a \"black diamond.\"..\"Mysterious\" is a word often used in writings on truffles. Truffles vary in size from that of a walnut to that of a fist...are round shaped, and have a rough exterior.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1872)", "This meaty mushroom is an American invention with Italian roots (spores, actually) made popular by clever marketing in the late 1980s/early 1990s. Both cremini and portobello mushrooms are first mentioned in the New York Times during the mid 1980s.", "There are several theories regarding the name. Although these mushrooms are also currenty enjoyed in fine dining establishments of Central/South America, there is no apparent connection between the town of Portobelo (Panama) the origination of the name or item.", "There is no definative spelling of this fungus. According to Google (not a scientific, but a popular survey), Portobello is preferred (169,000), followed by portabella (33,100) and portobella (3, 510).", "\"By the late 1800s...Italian growers also cultivated the common mushroom but prefering the brown-capped variety, which are often called cremini mushrooms (or Italian brown) and have an earthy flavor that is fine for soups and stews and for stuffing. The large and beefy Portabello (also Roma) is acutally a fully grown cremini, with dense and meaty flesh that lends itself nicely to grilling or roasting. Originally, cremini mushrooms were imported from Italy, but now they are cultivated in the United States.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1818)", "\"The name \"portobello\" began to be used in the 1980s as a brilliant marketing ploy to popularize an unglamorous mushroom that, more often than not, had to be disposed of because growers couldn't sell them.\" ---The New Food Lover's Companion, Sharon Tyler Herbst, 3rd edition [Barrons:New York] 2001 (p. 485)", "\"Portobellos are popping up on the nation's menus like mushrooms after a spring rain. From soups and salads to sandwiches and entrees, the portobellos are everywhere. \"It's a phenomenon in the food business,\" says Wade Whitfield of the Mushroom Council, an industry trade group in Roseville, Calif. \"This thing has gone from nearly zero in 1993 to a predicted 30 million pounds this year. It's a major item. It will be the largest specialty mushroom.\" And chefs have found portobellos their own specialty. Whitfield of the Mushroom Council said no one can put their finger on the precise development of the portobello. \"I've talked to several growers, and one said that he almost got fired once for growing those things,\" Whitfield notes. \"They are really culls. You didn't want them in the mushroom bed. He would throw them away. There was no market. Growers would take them home.\" Farges adds that most of the mushroom farmers, many in southeastern Pennsylvania, were of Italian origin. They originally produced brown mushrooms, but the public clamored for the white button variety because it was clean and pristine. In the 1960s and 1970s, with the back-to- earth movement, the growers again started producing the browns. \"They are sometimes called Romans, cremini or browns,\" Farges explains. \"It has a much meatier flavor. It became a gourmet item. By accident, they found that if you let it grow, it would grow into a portobello.\" White mushrooms are still 90 percent of the supply, but portobellos have taken a bite of the market in the past four years. More growers are converting operations from white to portobellos in their mushroom houses,\" says Whitfield, adding that the move leads to a reduction in price. With the increased popularity, however, comes a disagreement over the spelling of portobellos. Whitfield explains: \"A great deal of the growers are of Italian descent. I don't know who named it, but I understand portabella means 'beautiful door.' With an instead of an 'a' in porto, it means 'beautiful port.'\" The Mushroom Council prefers portabella, says Whitfield, but that's open to dispute. \"To be honest, I've been here two and a half years, and portobellos were just coming on the scene,\" he says. \"We had five varieties, and portobellos became the sixth. I got to the sticky little point of 'How do you spell it?' O's or A's? At the time I could identify six shippers who were selling portobellos. I called all six of them, and asked, 'How do you spell portobello?' Four out of six spelled it portabella.\" ---\"For Many Chefs, It's Sunrise for Portobellos,\" Ron Ruggless, Nation's Restaurant News, May 13, 1996, Vol. 30, Issue 19", "\"The chubby cremino...properly encouraged by environmental conditions, will metamorphose to a portly portobello (also portabella), a name as difficult to document as cremini. I asked dozens who work with mushrooms, here and in Italy, about the name. The marketing director of a mushroom farm told me, \"It was named after Portobello Road in London, where they sell fashionable things, you know.\" An importer said, \"Until ten years ago, the mushroom was cappelaccio in Italy. Then it was renamed after a TV show called Portobello because it sounds better.\" Another importer told me that \"portobello is known only in northern Italy, where it is called capellone.\" To one authority, capellone means \"big hat.\" To the director of an Italian trade board and a dictionary it means \"hippie.\" Two northern Italian chefs had never heard of capellone or cappelaccio. The most outlandish derivation came from an Italian distributor: \"Well, you know that champignon comes from the word for Champagne, and that a Champagne cork looks like a round port and that's how we get porto bello beautiful port.\" http://www.globalgourmet.com/food/kgk/2002/0402/kgk042602.html", "New potatoes Our research indicates \"new potatoes\" (aka \"early potatoes\") have been around for a very long time. There is no single specific variety or color. The connecting culinary thread is they are harvested in the spring. The jackets are delicate and potatoes are flavorful. Like ramps & dandelions, new potatoes herald spring.", "[1817] \"Waterford, June 28.--Large baskets of new potatoes, from Mr. Shearman, of Greenville, from Check Point, and from other quarters, daily come into market, and are sold at prices very little higher than that of old potatoes.\" ---Dublin Journal [Ireland], July 3, 1817 (p. 3)", "[1853] \"The New-Haven Register is indebted to David Scranton, Esq., for a mess of new potatoes, dug on his premises a few days since. We ought, perhaps, to state, that while digging a cellar, the workmen came upon several full hills of potatoes, two feet under ground, from which those sent us were taken. As they had not been planted there by any human agency, it is supposed the seed was deposited by moles or rates, and hence the crops--which, we reckon, is the earliest that have been in market this season.\" ---New York Daily Times, March 21, 1853 (p. 2)", "[1911] \"New potatoes from Bermuda are received here during October and November and again about March. Florida generally sends its first supplies in February, but the date varies with the conditions of the season, sometimes being as late as April.\" ---The Grocer's Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [National Grocer:New York] 1911 (p. 502)", "[1919] \"New Potatoes: Brush and scrape off all the skin of six potatoes and boil for half an hour in salted boiling water, drain, salt and dry for a few minutes, and then pour melted butter over them and sprinkle with chopped parsley.\"", "\"Imitation New Potatoes Buy a potato cutter at a first-class hardware store, and with it cut the potatoes to the size of a hickory nut, and then fry or steam them. When cooked they look just like new potatoes. They are especially nice to garnish meats. You may also parboil and brown in fat, or boil and add parsley as you would with new potatoes. The remainder of the raw potatoes may be boiled and mashed or fried into ribbons.\" Source: International Jewish Cook Book, Florence Kreisler Greenbaum", "[1941] \"Early potatoes. Supply of 'early' potatoes for the northern markets comes from the southern states. About Christmas time, new potatoes begin to move from southern Florida. Cuba also ships early potatoes, starting in January. Northern Florida, due to paucity of frosts and the early growing season, furnishes many northern cities with supplies of new potatoes. As the season advances, points of origin move northward into Georgia, South Carolina and North Carolina. By June potato harvest is under way in Maryland, then New Jersey, then Long Island in July. These areas specialize in early potatoes to command a good price...\" ---\"Potatoes,\" Commodity Year Book 1941 [Commodity Research Bureau:New York] 1941 (p. 441)", "[1963] \"New Potatoes. First earlies, of which the principal varieties are Arran Pilot, Home Guard, Epicure and Ulster Prince, come into season from the end of May through June and July; the first are lifted in Cornwall, Shropshire and Lincolnshire. Their size, texture and appearance are distinctive, being generally smaller and cleaner. Because of their relatively short season, they are normally served whole when hot, though naturally they are cut for use in salads. They are well suited for salad in early summer because of their season as well as because of their texture and flavour. To test for freshness of new potatoes, rub them lightly with the finger or thumb when the light skin should readily come away.\" (p. 2)...Treatment of New Potatoes: Though New Potatoes may be subjected to the rissole process (tossing in hot fat on the stove top and oven finishing)they are usually served plainly boiled or steamed. General considerations as applied to boiling and steaming are valid for new potatoes though naturally one does not seek to achieve flouriness or mealiness. New potatoes have a delicate and more easily detached skin and removal by hand scraping is both possible and to be preferred. Mechanical peeling and the use of a hand potato peeler should be avoided...It is customary to add mint to the cooking water and at service the addition of a few leaves of blanched mint is desirable. New potatoes should invariably be dressed with butter...\"(p. 39) ---The o Manual, John Fuller, published for the Potato Marketing Board [Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons:London] 1963", "[1967] \"New potatoes are being harvested now in Florida. This year's crop is a record one. Not only is the potato acreage large--a total of 45,000 acres in Florida--but, according to reports, the yield per plant is excellent. Cook new potatoes in their jackets, then peel them. Or peel a 'belt' around each potato to allow salt or other seasonings to penetrate during cooking. Cook them in bouillon, and serve with a generous sprinkling of mince chives or parsley, or use them in a spring salad. If you want a hot, German-style salad, toss cooked new potatoes with dressing while they're hot. For a chilled salad, marinate cooked potatoes in dressing and add sliced zucchini and mushrooms before serving.\" ---\"New Potatoes Brighten March Menus,\" Washington Post, March 16, 1967 (p. D4)", "Nutmeg Food historians place the epicenter of nutmeg's origin in the Moluccas (aka Spice Islands). This particular spice sparked a unique chain of economic and political events, making it a fascinating topic of study. When was it first commonly used in food? The answer depends upon the culture and cuisine. While print evidence confirms early uses in several continents, this spice was beyond the reach of the average British person until the mid-nineteenth century. Notes here:", "\"Nutmeg...a kernel of the fruit of a tropical tree (Myristica fragrans), the dried nutmeg berry is called \"nutmeg\" because of its nutlike appearance. Nutmeg and macea re the only spices that come from the same fruit, with mace the aril of the dried seed. The nutmeg berry can be as small as an apricot or as large as a peach. An ancient spice, nutmeg is native to the Moluccas (the \"Spice Islands\") and was employed in South Asian cuisines for many centuries before it found its way to Rome, where Pliny wrote of a tree that bore a nut with two different tastes.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1823)", "\"There is no record of nutmeg being known in classical Greece or Rome, but it had reached Constantinople by the 9th century AD, when St. Theodore the Studite allowed the monks who live by his Rule to sprinkle it on their pease pudding on non-meat days. By the 12th century it and mace were well known in Europe. When the Portuguese reached the Moluccas in 1514 they were able to acquire a monopoly on the trade, which they held for almost a century. At the beginning of the 17th century the Dutch wrestled control from them and laid the foundation of the Dutch E. Indian empire in the Bandanese island of Nehra, part of the Moluccas. They maintained their monopoly for over 150 years, but in 1770 a French expedition returned to Maruritius with nutmeg seedlings, and the first French nutmeg was picked eight years later. The British, who occupied the Moluccas from 1796 to 1802, planted nutmegs in Penang and therafter in other British possessions with seemingly suitable conditions, but it was not until the 1860s that cultivation of nutmegs in Grenada, which turned out to be the most suitable place for them, became significant.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson, 2nd edition edited by Tom Jaine [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2006 (p. 546)", "\"Etymologically, the nutmeg is the 'nut that smells of musk'. It is a partial translation of Old French nois mugeude, which came from a hypothetical Vulgar Latin nuce mascata, literally 'musky nut'...It seems to first to have been heard of in England in the fourteenth century, but it probably did not arrive in any quantity until the early sixteenth century, after the Portuguese had opened up the route round the Cape of Good Hope to the Moluccas and the other spice islands. In the mid-seventeenth century the Dutch seized the Moluccas, and Mrs. Beeton noted with some asperity that the nutmeg 'was long kept from being spread in other places by the monopolizing spirit of the Dutch, who endeavoured to keep it wholly to themselves by eradicating it from every other island'. By her time it had, however, 'through the enterprise of the British...found its way into Penang...where it flourishes and produces well'. In the eighteenth century gentlemen used to carry around with them small silver boxes which doubled as nutmeg holders and nutmeg graters, with which they would grate nutmeg into their hot chocolate drinks. The nutmeg has retained a foothold in the British kitchen ever since, particularly as a component of mixed spice used in cakes, puddings, etc.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 227)", "\"Cloves and nutmeg were the most exotic of all the costly ingredients in the 'royal perfume' of the Parthian court, in early Iran. This is just about the earliest textual evidence of the use of either spice anywhere in the world. In many later texts, likewise, they go together...An Elizabethan nutritionist advises nutmeg a s a healthy dietary supplement for students, especially the conserved or 'candied' nutmeg which was stocked by chemists...Far earlier, this was also the first form of nutmeg that reached China, In the fourth century JI Han writes of an aromatic 'resembling the brush tips of pens, but about three quarters of an inch in length,'...IN AD 203 the governor of Tonking presented Wu Ti of Wei with nutmeg conserves. If 'nutmeg' is the correct translation here--some think otherwise--we have to suppose that nutmegs afterwards ceased to reach the Middle Kingdom, because when they reappear in Chinese texts, in the eighth century, then have a different name, meaning literally 'flesh cardamom'. As with cloves, several Chinese authors insets--quite wrongly--that nutmegs grew in Indochina. Their mistake serves as good evidence that nutmegs reached China not by any direct route, coasting the Philippines and Taiwan, but by way of Java and Tonking. Tonking was, for centuries, the most southerly Chinese province and the place of entry for many exotic products from further south...To summarize: on the Chinese market nutmeg may have made a brief appearance in the third and fourth centuries, but reappeared in the eighth under a different name. Nutmeg is first recorded in Western markets around the same time...Nutmeg occurs in Greek texts of the ninth century, in French texts in the twelfth, in English texts by the fourteenth...nutmeg was among the spices the European explorers were most anxious to find...European nations would compete to possess the real nutmeg plantations when they discovered them, they would fight for the monopoly of the trade, and they did eventually succeed in breaking that monopoly and (whether they wanted to do this or not) in flooding the market and smashing the price.\" ---Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices, Andrew Dalby [University of California Press:Berkeley CA] 2000 ](p. 53-55)", "\"Some authorities...say that the earliest Chinese description of nutmeg is that of Ch'en Ts'ang-ch'i in T'ang times. The nutmeg is question came to China by merchant vessels from overseas, and it was called jou-tou-k'ou, one of its common names today. Recently...H.L. Li...identified as nutmeg...a plant called \"o-chih-tzu,\" which was described by Chi Han in his flora (fourth century A.D.) Chi Han reported that i-chih-tzu was produced in what today are Annam and Kwangtung, and that early in the third century a governor of Chiao-chih sent a gift of i-chih-tzu preserves to Emperor Wu of Wei...The term i-chi-tzu in later times was used for bitter-seeded cardamom...but it Li is correct in his view that Chi Han's i-chih-tzu was nutmeg, the earliest Chinese knowledge of nutmeg would be foru or even five centuries earlier than most scholars had suspected. And the tree must have been introduced from the Spice Islands to Annam and mainland China still earlier, perhaps by the nan-Yueh seafarers who first carried cloves to China. Even if Li is wrong in his identification, the nutmeg tree seems to have been cultivated in Kwangtung or elsewhere in Longnan by the end of the eleventh century if not sooner...It is often difficult to classify a product as being primarily a spice or medicinal, but that is less of a problem for nutmeg in China...nutmeg in T'ang China apparently was a medicine but not a spice...a broth of ground nutmeg [was] given for digestive problems and diarrhea.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry, Frederick J. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1009 (P.403-4)", "Okra Okra is an \"Old World\" vegetable. The exact place of origin is still matter of debate. Over the centuries, many cultures have embraced okra and used it to create traditional dishes. Mediterranean and African recipes combined with tomatoes (a new world fruit) were created after the Columbian Exchange. Okra was introduced to the New World by African slaves. This vegetable is still a favorite in the American south. General overview (with picture) here.", "\"Okra is the edible seedpods of a tropical and subtropical plant of the hollyhock family...Africa is the source of the name...which appears to be derived from or related to nkuruma, the word for 'okra' in the Twi language of West Africa. It is first recorded in English at the beginning of the eighteenth century. The mucilaginous pods, like miniature pentagonal green bananas, are an essential ingredient in, and thickener of, soups and stews in countries where they are grown...Other names of the polynomial okra include in English speaking countries lady's fingers, in India bhindi, and in the eastern Mediterranean and Arab countries bamies.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 230)", "\"Okra (Hibiscus esculentus)...and annual plant of tropical and subtropical regions which bears pods which are eaten as a vegetable. It is the only member of the mallow family...to be used in this way...Okra is generally regarded as native to Africa, and may have been first cultivated either in the vicinity of Ethiopia or in W. Africa. It is not known when it spread from Ethiopia to N. Africa, the E. Mediterranean, Arabia, and India. There is not trace of it in early Egyptian tombs, but it was recorded as growing beside the Nile in the 13th century. Its westward migration to the New World seems to have been a result of the traffic in slaves. Okra reached Brazil by 1658 and Dutch Guiana by 1686. It may also have arrived in the south of the USA during the 17th century, and was being grown as far north as Virginia and Philadelphia in the 18th century. The spread of okra eastwards from India as slow. Its appearance in SE Asia may be assigned to the 19th century, and it arrived in China soon therafter...Okra is only moderately popular in Europe...It is used much more extensively in the Middle East and India, as a vegetable.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 549-550)", "\"A native of Africa (most likely tropical Africa), okra was used by the Egyptians, was known to the Spanish Moors in the twelfth century A.D., and in the late seventeenth century was carried by slaves to the Americas. According to legend, okra was introduced to in southeastern North America by the \"Cassette Girls\"--25 young French women who landed at Mobile in 1704 in search of husbands. They had with them okra that had been obtained from slaves in the West Indies, and which they used to invent \"gumbo,\" which is a soup or stew thickened with okra. Okra has played a major role in the cuisines of ex-slave societies in the Americas, where it continues to be popular. It is also cultivated in Africa and East and South Asia.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1824)", "Okra in America \"Some of the new aliments were undeserved gifts from the slaves, who carried seeds of African plants with them to the New World. The black-eye pea, so popular in the South today, was introduced in this fashion in 1674; there were others--okra and w watermelon, for instance--but it is in the nature of things that we have no precise dates for their arrival.\" ---Eating in America: A History, Waverly Root & Richard de Rochemont [William Morrow:New York] 1976 (p. 84)", "\"Okra...derived from the West African nkruma, as in use in America by the 1780s. Okra was brought to America by African slaves, who used it in stews and soups and cut it up as a vegetable. The most famous use for okra is in Louisiana gumbo.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 220)", "\"The word \"okra\" clearly derives from West African nkru ma, which indicates that the plant was brought to the Americas through the slave trade directly from Africa or indirectly through the Carribean. Slaves grew okra in gardens on southern plantations and introduced its cookery into mainstream America. The Swedish scientist Peter Kalm reported in his Travels into North America (1748) that okra was growing in Philadelphia. Thomas Jefferson, in his Notes on the State of Virginia (1785), recorded that okra was cultivated there. Extensive directions for growing okra were published in Robert Squibb's The Gardener's Calendar for South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina (1787). The pod of the opkra is steamed, boiled, fried, pickled, and cooked in soups and stews, notably gumbo. The seeds are also ground into meal for use in making bread oand oil. Southerners used ground okra seeds as a coffee substitute, especially during the Civil War...The leaves and flower buds are also edible and are cooked as greens. The pods and the leaves are dried, crushed into powder, and used for flavoring and thickening soups, including pepper pot, and stews. Although recipes for okra appear in early American cookery manuscripts, Thomas Cooper's edition of the Domestic Encyclopedia (1821) includes the first publsihed reicpe with okra as an ingredient. Mary Randolph's Virginia House-wife (1821) offers recipes using okra...The word \"gumbo\" or \"gombo\" is another African name for okra. In New Orleans it was applied to both the vegetable and the complex Creole stew made with it...Gumbos migrated quickly throughout America...Since the 1960s, okra has entered the American culinary mainstream, although as many writers point out, it is an acquired taste. It is a significant component of soul food and southern cookery in general.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford Univeristy Press:New York] 2004, Volume 2 (p. 211-2)", "\"Gumbo, Gombo, Gumbs--This name for hibsicus esculentus comes from Angolan kingombo; okra, another popular name, is through to come from West African nkru-ma (OED). The vegetable seems to have come to Virginia from black Africa, where it had long been cultivated, by way of the West Indies: Sir Hans Sloane reported in 1707 that Ocra was flourishing in Jamaica (OED), and Mrs. Randolph herself describes Gumbs (Gumbo in later editions) as a \"West Indian Dish\" (facsimile). ...Mrs. Randolph's Gumbs is simply buttered okra; her recipe for Ocra Soup...more nearly resembles later recipes for gumbo, however.\" ---The Virginia House-wife, Mary Randolph (facsimile 1824 edition), with Historical Notes and Commentaries by Karen Hess [Univeristy of South Carolina Press:Columbia SC] 1984 (p. 275-6) [The passage quoted above is one of Ms. Hess' historical notes]", "\"Gumbs--A West India Dish Gather young pods of ocra, wash them clean, and put them in a pan with a little water, wald tne pepper, stew them till tender, and serve them with melted butter. Thye are very nutricious and easy of digestion.\" ---The Virginia House-wife, Mary Randolph (facsimile 1824 edition), with Historical Notes and Commentaries by Karen Hess [Univeristy of South Carolina Press:Columbia SC] 1984 (p. 96)", "\"Ocra Soup Get two double handsful of young ochra, wash and slice it thin, add two onions choppped fine, put it into a gallon of water at a very early hour in an earthen pipkin, or very nice iron pot: it must be kept steadily simmering, but not boiling: put in pepper and salt. At 12 o'clock, put in a handful of Lima beans, at half past one o'clock, add three young cimlins cleaned and cut in small pieces, a fowl, or knuckle of veal, a bit of bacon or pork that has been boiled, and six tomatats, with the skin taken off when nearly done; thicken with a spoonful of butter, mixed with one of flour. Have rice boiled to eat with it.\" ---ibid, (p. 34-5) [NOTE: Cimlins are a type of squash.]", "Okra stew Okra stew is generally composed of tomatoes, onions and garlic. It is popular in Mediterranean countries and surrounding regions. Most of the ingredients are indigenous and have been combined since ancient times. Tomatoes date the recipe. These new world fruits (yes, they are fruits!) were introduced to the region in the 16th century. About tomatoes.", "\"Yakhnat al-Bamiya (Okra stew) This is a Lebanese dish, but also popular in Egypt. Okra...is a mucilaginous vegetable in the Malvacaea family, as is cotton. Both Ethiopia and West Africa have been proposed as its place of origin and its date of arrival in the Mediterranean is not known. The cytotaxonomy of okra is so confused that it is possible the plant has an Asian origin. Lebanese and Palestinian cooks favor the baby okra, small and tender, about the size of the last joint on your little finger...The meatless version of this stew, called bamiya, is made with okra, tomatoes, onions, lots of garlic, and lemon juice. In Damascus they would also add lots of fresh coriander, while in Homs and Aleppo the okra would be cooked with copius quantities of garlic, pomegranate molasses, and tomato juice. Serve with rice pilaf and khubz arabi (Arabic flatbread or pita bread).\" ---A Mediterranean Feast, Clifford A. Wright [William Morrow:New York] 1999 (p. 128) [NOTE: This book contains a recipe for the above dish.]", "Olive oil Ancient treasure to modern health: few foods rival the economic, social, symbolic and practical impact of olive oil on human history.", "\"Olive oil, the main product of the olive and an extremely important food product of the ancient Mediterranean. Olive oil production involved three processes. The skin of the fruit must be first broken and the flesh crushed, preferably without breaking the stone. The pulp must then be pressed to release the oil. The oil must finally be separated from the watery amurca. Oil can be extracted without the use of presses, but mechanisation must have been important in the development of olive oil production. A beam press was in use in Ugarit (Syria) around 1500BC. Crushing mills and oil presses were widespread throughout the Mediterranean in Hellenistic and Roman times....Although olive oil is never a cheap product it is used generously in modern Mediterranean cuisines, as it clearly was in ancient cookery also. It served serveral food purposes. It was a medium for marinading meat and fish before cooking. It was a cooking medium. It was used as a dressing both for cooked food when served, and for fresh green vegetables; for this purpose it was sometimes used alone, sometimes mixed with vinegar and aromatic herbs. Finally it was used in conserving. Olive oil is one of the best cooking oils, since, apart from its unusual health benefits, it retains a good flavour and its boiling point is high. In ancient times it had no competition from cheaper vegetable oils, while in ancient Mediterranean cuisine animal fat was not used as a cooking medium. On the edges of the classical world olive oil was less well know. Pharaonic Egypt imported olive oil from Palestine and Crete. By the twelfth century BC olives were growing in Egypt, and Theophrastus confims that at the time of Alexander's conquest in the fourth century olives were grown for oil in the Thebaid, but this had been small-volume luxury production...As the principal vegetable oil of the ancient Mediterranean, olive oil had many non-food uses. It was a fuel, especially for lamps. It was a soap or cosmetic, used for rubbing the body...it was used for oiling clothes...Perfumed oils, used for burning as unguents, were made with the addition of various spices and aromatics...Both pure oil and perfumed oil were used in religious and social rituals.\" ---Food in the Ancient World From A-Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 239-240)", "\"As Pliny says at the beginning of his chapter on oil: 'There are two liquids especially agreeable to the human body, wine inside and oil outside.' In countries without the olive the place of oil was generally taken first by animal fat. That must have applied to ancient Italy before the introduction of the olive, but we have little direct evidence of this, for once established, the olive became the universal provider...[Olives] appear to have originated in Syria and Palestine, whilst aspiny variety may be indigenous to Crete. The olive industry must have played a vital role in Crete and much evidence concerning it has come from that region. Its cultivation there goes back at least to 2500 BC. Olive stores of Late Minoan date have been found and also seeds and an olive press at Palaikastro. A number of settling vats have also been brought to light, and the methods for extracting oil must have been much the same as those still employed in modern Crete. This involves drenching the olives with hot water prior to pressing them; the resulting liquid is oured into vats which allow th oil to come to the top, the water being then drawn off through a spout at the bottom. The significance of oil in early Crete becomes evident when one considers the vast quantities of pithoi (pottery jars) in the storerooms of the palace at Knossos. Oil seems to have been the king's treasure, and its export one of his major sources of revenue...There are also innumerable Biblical references to olives and olive oil...Oil cultivation did not reach Italy until the sixth century BC and appears to have come via Greece, where domestication took place considerably earlier. Once olive oil reached Italy, its value was quickly appreciated...and the Romans soon set themselves to work producing fruit and oil of varying kinds and quantities...All the Roman writers on agriculture give full instructions to be followed when extracting olive oil. The olives should preferably be fresh when pressed. The first pressing resulted in the first quality oil, the two subsequent pressings of the pulp gave second quality and ordinary oil.\" ---Food in Antiquity, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell [Johns Hopkins University Press:Baltimore] exanded edition, 1998 (p. 155-156)", "Olive harvest notes from Cato [2nd century BC:Rome] \"When the olives are ripe, they should be gathered as early as possible, and stand as little as possible on the ground or in the loft. On the ground and in the loft they deteriorate. The gatherers want there to be as many windfalls as possible,, so that they gather more. The press workers want them to be in the loft as long as possible, to soften, which makes their work easier. Do not accept that oil yield increases with storage. The more quickly you make it, the better the work will go, and the highter will be the quantity and quality of oil from the same amount harvested...Make green oil as follows: Collect windfall olives as quickly as possible. If dirty, wash them, clean them of leaves and manure. Make oil one day or two days after picking. Pick olives when black. The more bitter the olives you make oil from, the better the oil will be. Itg is most profitable for the owner if oil is made from ripe olives. If there are frosts when you are harvesting olives, make oil two or three days after: add salt to these olives, if you wish.\" ---Cato: An Farming, a modern translation with commentary by Andrew Dalby [Prospect Books:Devon] 1998 (p. 147)", "Symbolism & mythology \"Olives and Olive Oil. Wild olive trees are indigenous to the eastern Mediterranean where thy line the low coastal areas of Greece and the surrounding islands. They're evergreen trees, and they've been cultivated int he Mediterranean and the Middle East since Neolithic times. Olives occupy a prominent place in mythology and custom, and the olive tree's branches and oil were used in much of the ancient world to bestow kingship, consecrate holy objects, and onont people of honor and bodies of the dead. The olive figures promenintly in the myths and customs of Greece, in particular, where it served as a symbol of peace and of constancy; an emblem of achievement; and a sacred, immortal, and divine fruit...The Greeks anointed the winners of the Olympian Games with olive oil to honor Athena, the goddess of the olive tree. Anointment with olive oil was a sign of respect in many lands in ancient times, and olive oil reputedly relieved tension and fatigue...Because the olive had to suffer (to be pressed) in order to produce riches (oil), the Greeks made it a symbol of victory over adversity. They also made it a symbol of regeneration and included it in immortality myths. Olive trees appeared to be immortal. They were known to live for centuries...\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara] 2001 (p. 161,163)", "Olive oil in the New World \"The only oil regularly available to colonial Americans was olive oil. (Fats that remain liquid at room temperature are generally referred to as oils.) Only in the most elite enclaves within the Spanish colonies was this expensive import used for cooking. In the English and French settlements, olive oil was reserved almost exclusively for salad dressing.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford Univeristy Press:New York] 2004, Volume 1 (p. 459)", "\"Within fourteenth-century Spain, olive oil was exported from south to north...following the conquest of the New World, American demand continued to stimulate Spain's olive oil industry. As the colonists began to make their own oil, however, the flow of Spanish olive oil across the Atlantic diminished. In North America, Thomas Jefferson tried to grow olives at Monticello, but the cuttings he used would not take root...At about the same time as this failed experiment in the east of the continent, olive cultivation was successfully launched in California by Spanish missionaries, and by the beginning of the twentieth century, the western state had joined Provence in France and the Lucca district in Italy...as a produced of some of the world's best olive oils.\" (p. 378) (Volume One p. 378)...\"During the second quarter of the nineteenth century, the United States expanded, by conquest and by land purchase, into this large area [American Southwest] with its predominently Hispanic population. The region's culinary heritage was rooted in part in the chilli-laced tamles and tortillas of the Aztecs and their predecessors and in part in the culture of Iberia. Shipments of olive oil, hams, wine, and even saffron arrived regularly from Spain.\" (Colume Two p. 1312) ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000.", "[1911] \"Housewives would find it profitable to employ olive oil more generally for cooking, etc. In the average American household it is used only for salads and salad dressing, but it is also excellent for frying--it can be heated to higher temperature than either lard or butter and it has no disagreeable odor or flavor. Now is it expensive, in spite of the general impression to that effect, for one gallon of oil is equivalent to seven and a half pounds of butter for cooking. After all deep frying, such as fritters, doughnuts or French fried potatoes, the oil should be carefully strained and placed in a clean, tight bottle for further use.\" ---Grocers Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward (p. 425)", "Olive oil as beauty treatment? In the 1920s we find print evidence of marketing olive oil as a beauty treatment to improve skin tone. It could be rubbed on the skin or ingested.", "\"Cleopatra's Beauty was preserved and enhanced for years by a liberal use of Olive Oil. History tells us she bathed with it--drank it--lived on it--and yet the oil she used could not have been more pure than the oil you buy now known as Napoleon Extra Virgin Olive Oil. The beauty doctors of today, almost without an exception, prescribe Olive Oil and exercise in the open air, as the most efficient essentials of wonderful beauty and health. Women of all ages have used the 'Golden Oil' as a preserver of the beauty of youth. Its use brings the glow of health to dull skins and muddy complexions; it rejuvenates and builds up; it gives the happy, cheerful laughter of children to grown folks. It is not necessary that you take a great quantity though no amount can possibly hurt you, for it is a natural oil. A tablespoonful every morning, half-an-hour before breakfast and another half-an-hour after the last meal of the day, will be found very health-giving and a great aid to a good complexion. Napoleon Extra Virgin Olive Oil is not hard to take--indeed, there is none of the usual sticky tang about it, as is found in less pure Olive Oils. Start today with a 'Napoleon' treatment--you'll enjoy it an marvel at its results. Any good grocer or druggist can supply you with a screw-top tin of 'Napoleon Extra Virgin' of a size to suit your need...Wrinkles or hollow spots can be stopped and in time removed permanently by 'Napoleon Extra Virgin Olive Oil.' Simply place a small quantity in an open vessel and massage the parts with an upward, outward motion for a few minutes each night before retiring. Get our free booklet, 'The Guide to Health.'... A. Magnano Co. Limited, Vancouver BC, Genoa Italy.\" ---advertisement, Manitoba Free Press [Winnipeg Canada], May 20, 1920 (p. 7) [NOTES: (1) Additional notes about Magnano's beauty campaign: Printers Ink, August 5, 1920 (p. 41+) (2) We are not endorsing this treatment. Information is for historic research only.]", "Olivenaise We found an advertisement for Olive-Naise in Mrs. Wilson's Cook Book, Mrs. Mary A. Wilson [J.B. Lippincott:Philadelphia] 1920. According to this source, Olive-Naise was manufactured by the Schlorer Delicatessen Co., Philadelphia. According to the records of the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office Mrs. Schlorer's brand name is now owned by the Venice Maid Company in Vineland, NJ.", "Word Mark MRS. SCHLORER'S Goods and Services IC 030. US 046. G & S: Mayonnaise. FIRST USE: 19110600. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 19110600 Mark Drawing Code (1) TYPED DRAWING Serial Number 75495644 Filing Date June 3, 1998 Current Filing Basis 1A Original Filing Basis 1A Published for Opposition March 21, 2000 Registration Number 2356614 Registration Date June 13, 2000 Owner (REGISTRANT) VENICE MAID FOODS, INC. CORPORATION NEW JERSEY 270 North Mill Road P.O. Box 1505 Vineland NEW JERSEY 083601505 Assignment Recorded ASSIGNMENT RECORDED Attorney of Record JORDAN S WEINSTEIN Prior Registrations 1201339 Type of Mark TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL-2(F) Other Data The name \"MRS. SCHLORER\" does not identify a living individual. Live/Dead Indicator LIVE", "Ads placed in historic newspapers suggest Olivenaise (and Pick-O-Naise) was a regional product, generally found in Pennsylania, central New York, south New Jersey and West Virginia.", "\"Onions--Cultivated since prehistoric times, the onion (Allium cepa) is a native of central or western Asia that has become indispensible to cuisines the world over. This plant was used by the ancient Egyptians, Babylonians, Romans, and Greeks, who believed it to have curative powers. In addition, onions--along with garlic and chickpeas--reportedly made up the bulk of the food rations for the 100,000 or so laborers who built the Great Pyramid of Cheops around 2900 B.C. The ancients interpreted the layered internal structure of the onion as a symbol of eternity.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1825)", "\"In Egypt, according to various Roman writers, the onion was regarded as a diety...The onion was indeed of major importance there, and, eaten with bread, formed the basis of the Egyptian every-day diet...In details of funerary offerings in Old Kingdom chapels bread heads the list, followed by baskets of onions...Bread and onions also formed the basic diet of the people of Mesopotamia. Here again the onion was regarded as a peasant food. Accounts dating from the Third Dynasty of Ur (early second millennium BC) state that on one day each month various persons received a ration of about a 'gallon' of bread and some onions. They were usualy eaten raw with bread and were sold in strings...Archaeological surveys have not as yet brought to light any material proof of this type of vegetabes in Greece...Theophrastus (c. 372-c. 287 BC) was acquainted with a number of varieties of onion and garlic and bother wsere undoubtedly used particularly in sauces and dressings to which the Greeks were very partial with their meat, fish and game.\" ---Food in Antiquity: A Survey of the Diet of Early Peoples, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell [Johns Hopkins Press:Baltimore MC] expanded edition 1998 (p. 108-109)", "Onion symbolism & folkore \"The onion was likely one of the first plants cultivated. Its layered structure and pungent odor so impressed the ancients that they developed beliefs about the onion that have survived to the present day. The offensive odor of the onion led many to fear its power. Its appearance and structure, however, fostered a different view: The onion was likened by some to a pearl-gold on the outside and white on the inside; and like a pearl, they thought, it symbolized oneness and unity. Furthermore, the onion was spherical in shape, consisting of a series of orbs, one inside the other...Because the onion and leek symbolized the universe, the ancient Egyptians considered the bulbs sacred...\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p. 164-5)", "\"At the time when Columbus discovered America, the Indians were using two thousand different foods derived from plants... Another underground plant which Indians ate avidly was the onion. Some writers have tried to deny them this plant, claiming it was unkown in America until Europeans brought it there; however Bernal Diaz, who accompanied Cortes in Mexico, remarked about 1520 that wooden objects made by the Indians...smelled strongly of onion and garlic, and he seems to have been an alert observer. It is possible that this effect could have been produced by the native American onion-flavored ramps, but it is unnecessary to seek such an explanation. The fact is that native onions did grow wild in America...and Indians were fond of them.\" ---Eating in America: A History, Waverly Root & Richard de Rochemont [William Morrow:New York] 1976 (p. 17) [NOTE: What are ramps?]", "\"Most of America's early settlers brought with them whatever they needed to reestablish their gardens on the new continent. And they always brought onions. Onions could make people weep, but they made any dish taste better. The bulbs were resistent to decay and could last all winter in the root cellar. Onions are very climate and soil sensitive, so European onions had to be adapted selectively to local growing conditions. Kitchen gardens of the eighteenth century tended to rely on imported onions for seed stock because seeds saved from domestically grown onions often deteriorated. After the Revolutionary War, growers started adapting varieties to different American climates. Many of the onion varieties in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were derived from the imported English globe onion and were suited for the cooler New England and Mid-Atlantic climates. Other varieties, successful in southern conditions, were developed from Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian stock...Colonists and pioneers also used some of the dozens of onion cousins that grew wild in America...American cookbooks were full on onions, first showing up in 1796, when Amelia Simmons published the first American cookbook. She called for roasting the turkey on a spit and serving it up \"with boiled onions and cramberry [sic] sauce, mangoes, pickles and celery.\" ---Food and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2004, Volume 2(p. 213-214)", "Onion rings Onion rings descend from Ancient Roman fritters and 16th century tempura: breaded foods deep fried in oil. Food historians generally place the origin of onion rings, as we know them today, in early 20th century USA. Onion rings, like french fries, historic food writers confirm, are American men's favorite vegetables. In this context, pairing them with steak makes perfect sense. Frozen onion rings appear soon after World War II.", "\"Much to my surprise, Sarah Tyson Rorer offers a recipe for deep-fried onion rings in Mrs. Rorer's New Cook Book (1902), but these are not dredged. The French-fied onion rings added to the 1906 edition of The Boston Cooking School Cook Book are, however. \"Peel onions,\" Fannie Farmer writes, \"cut in one- fourth-inch slices, and separate into fourth-inch slices, and separate into rings. Dip in milk, drain, and dip in four. Fry in deep fat, drain on brown paper, and sprinkle with salt.\" Still, the crispy, sweet, golden brown onions didn't catch our fancy until some forty-some years later when fast-food stands made them a staple.\" ---American Century Cookbook: The Most Popular Recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 241)", "[1906] \"French Fried Onions Peel onions, cut in one-fourth inch slices, and separate into rings. Dip in milk, drain, and dip in flour. Fry in deep fat, drain on brown paper, and sprinkle with salt.\" ---Boston Cooking School Cook Book, Fannie Merritt Farmer, facsimile 1906 edition [Cornell University Digital:Ithaca NY] (p. 296)", "[1933] \"French Fried Onions Use Spanish or large Bermuda onions, peel them, and cut into slices a little less than a quarter of an inch thick. Separate the slices into rings, soak them in milk for a few minutes, drain and then roll in flour. Fry in deep fat which has been heated to 360 degrees F., hot enough to brown a cube of bread in one minute. When the onions are golden brown, remove them from the fat and drain on soft paper. Sprinkle with salt.\" ---a la Rector, George Rector [Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company:New York] 1933 (p. 72) [NOTE: George Rector was a popular New York City restauranteur some say on par with Delmonicos.]", "\"This is news, Schrafft's sizzling steak combination. On the popular new hot platter, Schrafft's 141 West 42nd Street now serves you a large, thick juicy steak that fairly fizzes and sizzles, it is so hot...With it you get generous helpings of French fried potatoes, onion rings or a fresh vegetable, a green salad, and a pot of Schrafft's coffee, all for $1.50. A Man's Meal, 5 p.m. to 8:30 p.m.. Served only at Schrafft's.\" ---display ad, New York Times, October 19, 1933 (p. 10)", "[1934] \"French Fried Onions [To serve 4] 2 large Spanish onions 1/2 pint milk 1/2 cup flour, or little more 1/3 teaspoon salt Peel onions and sift four and salt into a bowl. Cut onions into slics about 1/4 inch thick. Separate the rings and soak in milk; then ift and drop into flour and salt. When floured, drop into deep fat, heated to temperature of 380 degrees F. If you do not have a thermometor, test heat of fat with a cube of bread. When it browns in 60 seconds, the fat is the right temperature. When the onions are cooked to a golden brown, remove and drain on unglazed paper to absorb fat; then serve. This is a delicious way of frying onions.\" ---The Mystery Chef's Own Cook Book, John McPherson [Blakiston Company:Philadelphia] 1934 (p. 115)", "[1936] \"French Fried Onions Break an egg into a bowl and add one cup of milk. Sift one cup flour and onte-fourth teaspoon salt over egg and milk mixture. Beat with rotary beater until batter is free from lumps. Let stand while preparing onions. Peel six medium sized onions, slice thin and separpate into rings. Dip single rings into batter with fork and fry in hot fat (385 deg, F.) until golden brown. Drain, sprinkle with salt and keep hot until serving time.\" ---\"Eight Recipes Give Uses of Noble Onion,\" Lona Alison, Los Angeles Times, November 4, 1936 (p. A7)", "[1940] \"Menu planning would be greatly simplified if women adopted the masculine proclivity for selecting French fries whenever in doubt about a suitable vegetable. Listen in on the male orders at any restaurant if you haven't noticed this propensity of the sterner sex. On every hand--in basso profundo, baritone or tenor--it will be for one or another of the deep-fat fried vegetables. French-fried vegetables require the same equipment and follow the identical rules of this type of cooking in general...Characteristic of the type of food that men prefer is the attractive picture featuring French-fried onion rings, baked russet potatoes, and last, but by no means least, a lordly steak, broiled to a turn... French Fried Onions 2 large onions, cut in 1/4-inch slices 1 teapsoon salt 1 quart milk 1/3 cup flour Deep hot vegetable shortening Separate onion slices into rings (there shoud be about one quart.) Soak in salted milk 15 to 20 minutes. Drain slices. Dip in flour. Fry, small amounts at a time, in vegetable shortening, gradually heated in deep pan to 380 deg. F. (when inch cube of bread browns in 50 seconds.) When brown, drain on absorbent paper, sprinke with salt and serve immediately. (Remaining milk may be used in soups or sauces.)\" ---\"French Fries Appeal to Male Contingent,\" Marian Manners Los Angeles Times, January 21, 1940 (p. D9)", "Oranges Oranges: sweet, bitter, sour...large, small, medium...Old World natives & New World varieties. A common citrus thread in cuisines worldwide. What makes oranges special? Versatility! Flavor, color, texture & application.", "\"One way to categorize this fruit of the genus Citrus is to distinguish bitter oranges...from sweet oranges...The bitter orange (also known as Sevilla, sour orange...) is a native of Southeast Asia and was cultivated in the Indus Valley some 6,000 years ago. The sweet orange...may also have originated in Southeast Asia, although many believe it to be a native of southern China, as is evidenced by its scientific name. Both fruits were slow to find their way to the Mediterranean basin; the bitter orange eventually arrived with the Arabs around A.D. 1000, but the Western advent of the sweet orange came more than 400 years later, perhaps with the help of Genoese traders or Portuguese explorers. Sweet-orange trees were planted at Versailles in 1421, and later (1521) in Lisbon. Meanwhile, in 1493, the second voyage of Christopher Columubus is said to have carried sweet-orange seeds...to Hispaniola, and Spaniards stationed in Florida were reportedly growing oranges there in 1565, the year St. Augustine was founded. A couple of centuries later, the Franciscans began planting orange groves at their mission of San Diego in California.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1826)", "\"The orange is one of the most important fuits of the world and one of the oldest cultivated. Originating in the Orient, the fruit was cultivated in China as early as 2400 B.C. These were \"bitter oranges\"...later brought to Spain, where they became known as the \"Seville orange.\" The \"sweet orange\"...also originated in China and was also brought to Spain, possibly by the Moors in the eighth century. Christopher Columbus brought Canary Islands orange seeds to Hispaniola in 1493, and plantings by the Spanish and Portuguese soon followed throughout the Caribbean, Mexico, and South America. Some believe Ponce de Leon brought orange seeds to Florida, but the first recorded evidence of the fruit on North American soil credits Hernando de Soto with bringing the orange in 1539 to St. Augustine, Florida, where the trees flourished until Sir Francis Drake sacked the city in 1586 and destroyed them. These grew back quickly, but commercial plantings were of only minor importance for more than two centuries...In Florida only one significant orange grower was to be found in the eighteenth century. His name was Jesse Fish...It was not until the United States acquired Florida in 1821 that orange growing became a profitable business for Americans...By the 1880s orange production was growing rapidly, owing to the development of refrigerated ships that could carry the fruit from California and to the building of railroads into the heart of Florida. Also, a new orange, the \"navel\"...entered California in 1873 from Bahia, Brazil...By the 1890s, the navel orange had become commercially important...By the 1920s nutritionists were promoting the benefits of orange juice...and the drink became as ubiquitious as coffee on American breakfast tables.\" ---The Encyclopedia of American Food & Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 223-4)", "\"Citrus cultivation in the area that would become the United States dates from the Spanish exploration and settlement of Florida in the sixteenth century; it reached Louisiana around 1700 and California with the arrival of Franciscan friars in 1769. Since most citrus cannot tolerate temperatures more than a few degrees below freezing, open-air cultivation has generally been limited to warmer areas, but until the second half of the nineteenth century it was not uncommon for the wealthy to grow oranges and lemons in greenhouses. With the advent of steam transportation in the mid-nineteenth century, citrus was imported from Mexico, the West Indies, and Italy. Large-scale commercial cultivation began in Florida and California in the 1870s and 1880s, when the extension of railroads allowed fresh fruit to be shipped to major eastern and midwestern markets. Railroads and land promoters helped fashion a romantic image of citrus in the popular imagination, symbolizing sunshine, health, and elegance, to lure settlers to Florida and California. To sell their corps profitably, growers formed marketing cooperatives, such as Sunkist, founded as the Southern California Fruit Exchange in 1893.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2004, Volume 1 (p. 254)", "Symbolism & mythology \"Oranges are native to Southeastern Asia. The ancient Egyptians knew nothing of this fruit, and the Greeks made no mention of them either; but the Chinese cultivated them in antiquity, and the Japanese identified them as the fruit of life. In Japanese myth, the emperor sent a hero named Tajima-mori to the Eternal Land, possibly southern China, to bring back the magical fruit, so that the emperor might gain immortality. But Tajima-mori returned too late. The emperor had already died, and the magic of oranges could no longer help him. Though the Chinese identified the fruit of life as the peach, they considered oragnes magical also, believing that the fruit brought good luck and joy and warded off evil spirits. Oranges possibly gained respect in myth and legend because of their color. Ancient peoples seem to have believed that orange or red fruits had magical properties, connecting them with blood and life force. The golden color of oranges also led some mythmakers to link them with the sun. In Flemish legend, a young prince once went in search of a bride hidden within a magic orange in a land of sunshine and orange groves...\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [Firefly Books:Ontario] 2000 (p. 166)", "Why give oranges at Christmas? Food historians trace the practice of proferring fresh fruit gifts for major celebrations to ancient times. These exquisite, perishable objects were expensive and reflected the giver's wealth and status. Indeed, before the age of speedy transportation and reliable refrigeration, fresh citrus fruit was out of reach of the average person. As time progressed, fresh fruit out of season (including oranges in Northern Europe and/or North America) was possible, but still rare. This made these items perfect Christmas gifts. Today, when oranges are inexpensive and readily available throughout the year, this little history tidbit is overlooked. A child today who encounters an orange at the toe of his Christmas stocking is unlikely to appreciate the message unless someone takes the time to share the history.", "\"Strange and exotic fruits had begun to reach Britain...through trade with southern Europe where oranges, lemons and pomegranates were cultivated. The original home of the citrus fruits lay in northern India. They had been known to the Romans under the name of \"Median apples', having apparantly arrived from Persia; and their juice had been used as a medicine, and occasionally also to sharpen the tang of vinegar...The first Englishmen to enjoy oranges, lemons and 'Adams apples'... were probably crusaders who wintered with Richard Coure-de-Lion in the fruit groves around Jaffa in 1191-2. About a hundred years later citrus fruits had begun to arrive in England itself...Also on the spice ships from southern Europe came great raisins, 'raisins of Corinth' or currants...prunes, figs and dates. All were consumed in vast quantities by the well-to-do, for the sweetness of dried fruits was greately appreciated while sugar was still rare and expensive. Poorer people ate them principally in festive pottages and pies during the twelve days of Christmas, but the rich enjoyed them at other times , too.\" ---Food and Drink in Britain: From the Stone Age to the 19th Century, C. Anne Wilson [Academy Chicago:Chicago IL] 1991 (p. 332-4)", "\"In the nineteenth century poor children dreamed all the year round of getting the precious, scented present of an orange for Christmas. Most of them did not know what an orange tasted like, or even if they would dare eat that golden, almost magical fruit.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992 (p. 659)", "Blood oranges Despite popular belief, these sumptuous sweet citrus fruits are not new. Nor were they first imported to the USA by Frieda Caplan. They have however, enjoyed the benefit of recent promotion and chef creativity. Botantists confirm sweet oranges originated in China and India. Specific variety migrations are complicated to track because they rely primarily on literature, folklore and personal accounts. Linguistics, translation and interpretation play key roles. The locus of origin centers on Sicily and/or Malta. Citrus experts tell us the blood red color was a logical mutation caused by climate. They do not offer a date of \"discovery.\" Print evidence confirms sweet oranges were growing in this region by the 17th century. Recent references to 4th century Chinese origin are based on English translations of ancient Chinese literature. It is not possible to say for sure whether the red fruits of these poems were actually blood oranges.", "Old world \"Blood oranges are grown mostly in Mediterranean countries, especially Italy. The original mutation which produced the colour probably arose in the 17th century in Sicily. The earliest blood oranges were small and seedy but the better varieties which followed, notably Sanguinello, attracted international esteem. The best modern varieties include the round early- season Moro and the mid-season Tarocco (named for its resemblance to a child's toy top renown for its delicate flesh and well-balanced flavour). Sicily, especially the area around Catania, remains the best place for these oranges...Connoisseurs of citrus fruits consider these oranges to be among the world's finest dessert oranges.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2006, 2nd edition (p. 559-560) [NOTE: there are several conflicting opinions regarding the introduction of sweet oranges to southern Europe. Period ranges from 15-17 century.]", "\"Blood orange...A very large variety of sweet orange, the blood orange (Citrus sinesis) has juice that is usually of a burgundy hue, which along with the red color of its flesh, accounts for the name. Blood oranges (also called pigmented oranges) are a favorite in Europe...but have not really caught on in the United States, although the 'Ruby Blood' and 'Moro' varieties are grown in California and Florida. Blood oranges come mostly from Spain and Italy; important European varieties include the Spanish Sanguinella and the 'Maltese Blood.' The English call these fruits 'Maltese oranges,' the French 'Maltaise oranges'.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000(p. 1734)", "\"[in] Sicily, one encounters another orange variety. This is a sweet, not a bitter, fruit, It is attractive not only to the mouth and the nose, but also to the eye, and to the inward eye of imagination and fantasy: its juice is blood red...Whereas an island such as Sicily can become a melting pot of cultures, its territory is naturally isolated...Insularity may account...for the appearance of blood oranges in Sicily as an accidental variety...When did they first appear? It would seem to be several centuries ago, but exactly when remains in doubt. The product of this mutation has turned into a significant economic resource. Blood oranges account for about 60 percent of Italian citrus production and fetch a good price on European markets. Consumers consider them a delicacy....Like the setting sun, the fruit is reddish orange. Its outer color is an excellent predictor of its inner hues. These oranges are small or medium in size, and they carry seeds and a blood-colored juice that usually tastes a little more tart than that of ordinary oranges...Blood oranges owe their color to dye molecules, often improperly referred to as pigments. A pigment is an insoluble solid, in contrast to a dye, which is soluble and colors the liquid dissolving it. These blood-colored molecules belong to the same chemical families that are responsible for the color of...cherries, strawberries, and raspberries...As the fruit matures, the amount of dye increases about fivefold...Citrus fruit in a tropical or subtropical climate devoid of sharp winter-summer alternation tends to remain lime green....Citrus fruit growing in a temperate climate with sharply defined seasons first turns orange and tends to redden upon further maturation. This genetic trait has accidentally become selected in the blood oranges of Sicily. On the terraced orchards on the slopes of Mt. Etna in eastern Sicily where blood oranges are grown, cold winter nights alternating with mild days are the cue for the fruit to blush. Besides carotenoids, brightly colored anthocyanins, some red, some purple, and some violet, give there fruits their berrylike taste and color.\" ---Citrus: A History, Pierre Laszlo [University of Chicago Press:Chicago] 2007 (p. 21-22)", "[1883] \"...the blood orange of Malta has a crimson pulp.\" ---Grocer's Companion and Merchant's Hand-Book [New England Grocer Office:Boston] 1883 (p. 99)", "\"It has been reported that 'blood' oranges have been manufactured by unscrupulous dealers out of ordinary fruit by introducing an aniline dye within the pulp of the orange. Do you thin this can be true? No, I do not...A puncture could not be made in the rind of an orange without injuring it. The fruit would begin to decay at once at the point where the incision had been made. This would prevent the dealer from realizing a profit of the oranges unless disposed of immediately.' ---\"Some Facts About Lemons,\" Los Angeles Times, July 18, 1883 (p. 2)", "[1889] \"The blood orange is a mere variety of the sweet orange obtained by cultivation, and appears first to have been raised by the Spanish gardeners in the Philippine Islands, from the capital of which (Manila) it, together with the well-known cigars formed at one time one of the chief articles of export. On its first appearance in Europe it excited a considerable sensation; and in the last century very high prices were demanded for the trees which bore the wonderful fruit. None, however, now come to us from Manila, our supply being derived almost entirely from Malta, where great pains and attention are bestowed upon their cultivation. It was for a long time supposed and indeed the idea is not yet quite extinct, that blood oranges were produced by the grafting of the orange with the pomegranate; but there is not the slightest foundation for this belief.--Chambers Journal.\" ---\"Blood Oranges,\" New York Times, March 10, 1889 (p. 12)", "[1911] \"The ordinary sweet orange imported from Europe is the variety known as the Lisbon or Portugal and its near relatives. The most noteworthy special types include...the Maltese or 'Blood Orange' with mottled pulp.\" ---Grocers' Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [1911] (p 429)", "American blood orange recipes If you are looking for a specific recipe from a particular place/period or culinary application (marmalade?) let us know. Happy to track it down. A smashing table of trendy recipes are readily available on the Internet (google: blood orange recipes) and popular/culinary magazines/newspapers (your librarian can help you access EBSCO/ProQuest/NewsBank & other article databases. If you are looking to cull a comprehensive list of blood orange recipes you will need to explore synonyms through time. Below please find a \"short list\" of selected recipe sources:", "[1988] Gourmet magazine's \"Blood oranges,\" 7 page feature with recipes, February 1988 (p. 80+). We can supply if you need.", "Mandarin oranges \"In China...there is clear evidence that oranges have been cultivated since antiquity...In T'ang times, the fruiting of mandarin trees in the imperial gardens, apparently indoors, led to \"formal congratulations to the monarch on his divine charisma\"...It is understandable that the Chinese have given the world the earliest surviving monography on the orange...In this twelfth-century work, one reads not only of sour, sweet, and mandarin oranges, but of the related kumquat and trifoliate orange...In South Chinese folk religion, orange and red-colored fruits, including mandarins and other oranges, are common ritual offerings, and one also reads of small mandarin trees in homes at the time of Chinese New Year...This is because their colors are religious and magical, life-sustaining, capable of warding off evil spirits and assuring good luck...Mandarin trees are adaptable to a wider range of climatic conditions than other types of cultivated citrus. They are better able to stand heat than most other types. They also tend to be more cold resistant than other citrus trees of commercial importance, though the furit, mainly because it is small and thin-skinned, is more readily damaged by cold than are other oranges...As a result, mandarins are gown in all of China's citrus-producting regions: South China, West China, Wouthwest China,...Central China, and Northwest China. Though the mandarins are the largest and most varied group of cultivated citrus, their fruit possess the common characteristics of small to medium size; shape like a flattened globe; a loose, readily removed skin, yellow or reddish orange in color; and fruit segments that are separated with out difficulty. The mandarin is suffiently different from other oranges as to lead Swingle...to place it in a separate species, Citrus reticulata, distinct from that of the sweet orange, C. sicnesis, and the sour orange, C. aurantium. Plant scientists, geographers, and archeologists have suggested South China, Southeast Asia, or eastern India as the place of the earliest domestication of the mandarin oranges. Hodgeson...argues for northeast India as their probable home. In that area, there occurs a primitive, related form sometimes called the \"Indian wild mandarin\"...also found there are highly developed forms of mandarins that are absent elsewhere, as well as many mandarin hybrids. The mandarin was cultivated in very early times in Southeast Asia and East Asia, with both of those regions important in developing mandarin forms. In the early fourth century A.D., Chi Han had already distinguished red and yellow forms of mandarins...in the south, and of them the famous variety known in present-day Canton and the West as Ponkan or \"Chinese honey orange.\"...Accounts form T'ang times mention highly-prized varieties of common mandarisn and King mandarins, the latter...believed to be a natural hybrid, perhaps betweeen mandarin and sweet orange...Mandarins seem to have been grown enve in the gardens of the imperial palace far to the north of Shensei, apparently in some sort of greenhouse...a situation reminiscent fo the orangeries or orange-houses of ancient Rome and later Europe...Many mandarin varieties are grown in South China today, of which two deserve special note. one is the afore-mentioned Ponkan, which produces large fruit with loose skin and pleasant-tasting, juicy flesh, and which can be picked in October. It is said to be the finest mandarin produced in China, in East Asia, and perhaps in the entire world. The Cheokan, known better as Tankan, is an ancient form which originated in southeastern China.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural and Historial Inquiry, Frederic J. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1991 (p. 195-7)", "\"Mandarin Orange...Other citrus fruits that are very similar (or identical) to the Mandarin orange include the tangerine, the satsuma, and the \"Clemintine,\" all of which are identifies as members of Citrus reticulata and orange varieties. The Mandarin--developed in China, or possibly Cochin China (southern Vietnam)--probably took its name from the yellow robes of the Chinese civil servants called Mandarins. It worked its way toward the Near East at a leisurely pace and reached Europe directly from China only at the beginning of the nineteenth century. By midcentury, Mandarin oranges were being grown around the Mediterranean, and they entered the United States aat about the same time. Believed to have originated in Tangier, they came to be known as tangerines in North America.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge Univeristy Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1808)", "\"The mandarin is a small loose-skinned somewhat flattened variety of orange...that originated in China. The first reference to it in English comes in 1771, in J.R. Foster's translation of Osbeck's Voyage to China: 'Here are two sorts of China oranges...The first is called the Mandarin-o, whose peel is quite loose'. English acquired the word, via French, from Spanish mandarina, where its application to the fruit probably arose from the resemblance of its colour to that of the yellowish-orange robes of Chinese imperial officials-- mandarins (this term is not Chinese in origin, incidentally; it first arrived in Europe as a Portuguese borrowing from Malay mantri, 'counsellor', which was itself a Hindi loanword that orignated in Sanskrit mantrin).\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford Univeristy Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 198-9)", "\"Mandarin was originally no more than a nickname given to a small, loose- skinned orange-like fruit. Citrus reticulata, which was brought to England from China in 1805...The original wild citrus from which mandarins are descended probably grew in NE India, where a wild mandarin, C. indica, is still found. It was taken into cultivation at an early date in S. China, as were other kinds of orange. However, mandarins were more highly esteemed than common oranges, partly because ancient varieties of the latter were dry, thick skinned, hard to peel, and seedy. The mandarin was prized as much for its fragrance as for its flavour, perhaps more...Mandarins were not taken to the West along with the other citrus fruits, whcih had all reached Europe by the 16th century. And when they did come it was through another route. The first cultivars (probably of the ponkan type...) were brought to England in 1805, and it was apparently the descendants of these which were introduced into Italy in the following decade and which had become well established there before 1850. From Italy, cultivation spread quickly to other Mediterranean countries. Meanwhile, mandarins had been take direct from China to Australia in the 1820s. But it was not until the 1840s that the first mandarin was grown in the USA, but the Italian consul in New Orleans. Cultivation soon spread to Florida, California, and other states, and the new fruits were at first...called 'Chinas'. Later, when different, darker varieties were brought in from N. Africa they were called 'tangerines', a name which became general.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson, second edition edited by Tom Jaine [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2006 (p. 477)", "Parsley Parsley is one of the most well known herbs from ancient times to present day. This Old World edible was prized early on for its subtle flavors and appealing look. Of the several varieties cultivated by humankind, curly- leaved and flat Italian are the most well known. Arguments extolling the virtues of flat vs. curly vary according to place and period. All varieties are recognized for their healthful properties. Ancient Greeks honored their Olympic athletes with crowns of parsley. Contemporary American cooks are rediscovering parsley in all formats.", "\"Parsley in an umbelliferous plant native to the E. Mediterranean area (Linnaeus believed that its origin was in Sardinia) and related to celery, with which it has occasionally formed hybrids. The ancient Greeks used the name selinon for both parsley and celery, and only occasionally bothered to distinguish parsley as petroselinon, meaning 'rock' celery or parsley. Later the Romans used the word apium in a similarly ambiguous way. Thus it is difficult to tell which is meant. However, the Greek writer Theophrastus, writing before 300BC, describes curly-leafed and flat-leafed varieties of parsley similar to the two main modern types. According to Pliny the Elder (1st century AD), the Romans held parsley fronds in particular esteem among seasonings...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davdison [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 576)", "\"The aromatic leaves of parsley (Petroselinum crispum), a native of southern Europe, are employed for flavoring, although parsley varieties are boiled and their roots consumed as a vegetable. The use of parsley dates from at least the time of the ancient Greeks, and because the plant has been introduced to most areas of the glove, it is one of the world's best-known herbs. According to the Sardinians, it is native to their island, although other regions also claim parsley as their own; regardless, it has been used in the Mediterranean region for thousands of years. The Greeks, who made crowns of it to honor athletes at ceremonies and themselves at banquets, also had medical uses for the herb. The Romans utilized parsley as a herb an introduced the plant throughout Europe.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1829)", "\"As one of the quadrumvirate of traditional English herbs (along with mint, sage, and thyme), parsley or its linguistic ancestor has been in the language since Anglo-Saxon times, although the plant itself was not introduced it in Britain (from southern Europe) until the late Middle Ages. The earliest record of the word, petersilie...from around 1000AD, clearly reveals its ultimate source: it goes back, via Latin petroselinum, to Greek petroselinon, literally 'rock-parsley'...In Roman times the parsley was a symbol of mourning, used to adorn funeral tables.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 241)", "Fast forward: 20th century USA Our survey of articles published in major USA newspapers confirms both curly-leaved and flat Italian varieties were both known and used in the 20th century. The curly-leaf variety, prized for its decorative applications, reigned supreme until the last quarter of the century. It was not until after WWII that the flat variety was known outside ethnic neighborhoods. This parallels the evolution of many popular contemporary Italian foods. Think: pizza. Curly parsley \"lost favor\" in the 1970s. The reason was two-fold (1) Curly parsley garnish was overdone/ubiquitous in the 1960s. (2) Culinary visionaries James Beard and Craig Claiborne extolled the virtues of flat-leafed parsley as more flavorful.", "[1911] \"Parsley: a favorite kitchen herb, popular for garnishing and flavoring, for the latter purpose being sold both fresh and dried. Common Parsley is said to be a native of Egypt but it is now thoroughly naturalized both here and in several European countries. The variety chiefly grown is the curly leaf type. The finest received in the Eastern markets comes from Bermuda. In addition to its flavoring qualities, parsley contains an essential oil which is mildly stimulating.\" ---Grocers Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [National Grocer:New York] 1911 (p. 451)", "[1943] \"The crisp emerald [parsley] leaves, so often pushed aside as a garnish, are one of the richest sources of vitamin A. The celery-leaved parsley [Italian flat] has a stronger flavor than the curly variety and the roots can be eaten as a vegetable.\" ---\"Not Forgetting Herbs: In a Wartime Garden They Deserve Place Along With the Vegetables and Flowers,\" Gertrude B. Foster, New York Times, January 31, 1943 (p. X15)", "[1948] \"Parsley may be purchased in the neighborhood, though it is easily raised from seed...The moss-curled varieties are most favored for their decorative leaves, but the Italian parsley is more flavorful.\" ---\"Along the Herb Row,\" Harriet K. Morse, New York Times, May 30, 1948 (p. X23)", "[1952] \"Parsley presents so many culinary possibilities it should not be put aside to appear only as a garnish for meat or fish...the parsley the Italians use differs in appearance form the curly leaved variety popular here. It has a flatter leaf, a dark color and a flavor that is somewhat sharper...Both the Italian and Hamburg varieties are available here, though they are used mainly by those of European backgound.\" ---\"News of Food: May Opens Season of Parsley Abundance--Herb Has Many Uses Besides as Garnish,\" June Owen, New York Times, May 13, 1952 (p. 26)", "[1961] \"Seldom on display, fresh green parsley can be bought at most greengroceries at any time of the year. In cold weather, when it is not available from near-by sources, it is shipped north from Texas in qualtities to meet all the demand. But when it does come from farms in New Jersey and on Long Island, as it will from now through the summer, parsley is at its best. The flavor is sharper, the leaves are crisper, and logically so because it has a much shorter trip to market...The more common parsley, at least in most stores, is the curly leaved variety. But in neighborhoods where many Americans of Italian or other European background live, the shops will be sure to have a variety of parsley that has a flatter leaf and a darker green color. That parsley, Italians insist--and others who have tasted it will agree--has a sharper flavor than the curly leafed. The two varieties can be used interchangeably whenever parsley is called for in a recipe. For garnishing meats or fish, the curly and prettier parsley is preferred.\" ---\"Food News: Local Parsley Here Through Summer,\" June Owen, New York Times, May 5, 1961 (p. 34)", "[1966] \"Parsley is not only a sprightly garnish on a steak platter or mild seasoning, but a food in its own right. Parsley, a native of the Mediterranean shores, has been used as a culinary herb and garnish for thousands of years. Soothing and appetite arousing powers have been attributed to the plant by ancient Greeks, who placed garlands of parsley on the heads of banquet guests. Today, parsley grows both in the United States and several European countries. It is exceptionally high in vitamins A and C. Although the curly leaf variety is popular, the flat leaf type, sometimes called Italian parsley, also is used here.\" ---\"Parsley More Than Sprightly Garnish,\" Los Angeles Times, September 29, 1966 (p. G17)", "[1969] \"Parsley is being used more and more as a garnish, seasoning and a vegetable. Though a biennial, parsley is generally treated as an annual here in the Northeast, where it may or may not survive the winter. ..The curly- leaved parsleys are most popular. They include Moss Curled, another named variety Paramount, and a compact dwarf parsley. Evergreen is a rather hardy curled variety. Plain parsley (leaves are deeply cut but not curled), though not so pretty, has a strong, rich flavor. Giant Italian parsley, 2-3 feet tall, has thick stalks to be eaten like celery. The roots of hamburg parsley can be stored inside in sand and used through winter to flavor soups, or can themselves be cooked like parsnips. This year for the first time I shall try the Japanese perennial; parsley, Misuba...Biennial parsleys--most parsleys-- should be sown each year; even if they live over, the foliage tastes better the first year.\" ---\"Fancy Parsley is Easy to Grow,\" Ruth Tirrell, New York Times, February 16, 1969 (p. D35)", "[1976] \"It is rather amusing to think that parsley, probably the most used of all herbs, was once considered Satan's herb. There was an old saying in England that only the wicked could grow parsley. Well, the world must be full of wicked people because it is grown and marketed in staggering quantities. Parsley, either the curly kind which has become the perpetual garnish for food or the broad-leaf Italian kind which has a much more delicate flavor, is one of the easiest of all herbs to grow in the garden...Just because parsley is so common, people tend to overdo it as a garnish. For instance, who could conceive of parsley as a fitting garnish for grapefruit?...Even top rated restaurants and hotels perpetrate some absolute horrors, such as a slice of orange and a sprig of parsley on a plate of sausages and pancakes.\" ---\"Parsley: The Universal Garnish,\" James Beard, Los Angeles Times, May 13, 1976 (p. J25)", "[1978] \"Although parsley is omnipresent in kitchens, particularly those of the Western world, it is generally regarded as nothing more than a basic flavor, something to be added reflexively to one savory dish or another--a kind of culinary grace note. Actually, there are numerous dishes in the world in which parsley, in one form or another, is used in dominant--or near dominant-- fashion. Chief among these is the famed jambon persille, a great specialty of Burgundy...There are two basic kitchen parsley available on the market. These are the plain, or flat leaf, and the curly leaf varieties. The commonest both in England and in the United States is the curly leaf, although it is not necessarily the best. The flat or plain leaf is much more used and admired in the countries around the Mediterranean, particularly Italy. Flat leaf parsley, as a matter of fact, is usually referred to in the United States as Italian parsley. In Tom Stobbart's laudable book, Herbs, Spices and Flavorings, he notes that Neapolitan parsley is a specialty grown in Naples for its stems, which are eaten in the same manner as celery. There is a also Hamburg parsley, of which only the foot is used for flavoring. Chinese parsley, of course, is not parsley at all but rather the leaf of the coriander plant.\" ---\"Parsley Gets Star Billing,\" Craig Claiborne, New York Times, March 8, 1978 (p. C1)", "[1985] \"Like a talented actor who has been typecast, parsley appears destined for the perpetual role of garnish. Dropped onto meat and fish chiefly to provide a touch of green, unceremoniously removed to the bread plate, if not the ashtray, by fully half the diners in America...As between curly and flat parsley, it is probably safe to say that most cooks who use parsley extensively in their cooking prefer the flat. It has more taste and it incorporates itself more gracefully into a dish than does its stiffly coiffed cousin.\" ---\"Not Just Garnish, Parsley Can Play a Leading Role, Robert Ferrar Capon, New York Times, October 9, 1985 (p. C1)", "[1990] \"Parsley may be ignored at dinner, but it is the favorite herb of most produce-department managers. It is the only food they sell that almost no one eats, thus thus minimizing customer complaints about how it tastes. They never have to answer tricky questions about ways to prepare it, since even inexperienced cooks know how to toss clumps of parsley onto dinner plates. They never have to worry about its being out of season, and they don't even have to convince anyone to replenish his supply. In fact, people have always thought of ways to consume lots of parsley without actually eating it. One old preventive for baldness, for example, required dusting the head with considerable amounts of powdered parsley seed several times a year...parsley hasn't always been ignored at the table...and its origins are probably Mediterranean, judging from its appearance in virtually all ancient Roman sauces and salads. It is one of the oldest and most universally used herbs in history. More recently, the discovery of parsley's nutritional value has led some people to reconsider it as a serious edible. A cup of chopped raw parsley provides almost as much vitamin C as an orange, or about half the amount of a cup of fresh orange juice. The herb yields almost as much vitamin A as raw spinach. In addition, it contains calcium, copper, iron, manganese, potassium and phosphorus, as well as the B vitamins riboflavin, thiamin and niacin. With so much to offer, parsley is often as nutritious as the food it adorns. Parsley also tastes good, although experts debate over which of the two most common varieties has the superior flavor. The frilly-or curly-leafed parsley is more widely available and certainly the more decorative. But many prefer Italian parsley, which has broader, flat leaves, deeper color and more robust taste. Hamburg parsley, a potherb used by the Germans, the Dutch and the Poles, is a lesser-known type, whose leaves are usually ignored altogether. It is cultivated for its delicious, carrot-shaped root, which makes it look like an anemic parsnip. Still other greens have become known as parsley, although they are nothing of the kind. So-Called Japanese or Chinese parsley, similar in appearance to the Italian, is actually fresh coriander. The inedible 'fools parsley' also looks like the flat-leafed kind, but has won the additional nickname of 'dog's poison'...Connoisseurs...know that real parsley can enliven many a recipe. For the French, it is an essential component of beurre maitre d'hotel (parsley butter)... bouquets garnis and fines herbes...But in contemporary recipes, parsley seems to have lost its role as flavoring to more exotic herbs...Because of its profusion and availability, parsley has become an inexpensive and universal choice for a decorative addition.\" ---\"Parsley: Good Enough to Eat,\" Jeanette Ferrary, New York Times, June 3, 1990 (p. SMA6)", "[1995] \"Like a hero of Greek tragedy, parsley has fallen victim to its own virtues. Long-lasting, attractive and readily available in large quantities at every grocer store, parsley should be our most honored herb. Instead, its very availability has made it seem common, while its sturdiness and brilliant green color have consigned it to the thankless role of an eye-pleasing decoration scraped off the plate with the leftovers when the meal has ended. But this ignominious fate ignores the single virtue that has placed parsley high on the list of the world's most widely used herbs-its great flavor. Mild, slightly grassy, with an echo of mint and a slight undertone of bitterness, parsley's taste is a bedrock component of our flavor vernacular. In these winter months, when other fresh herbs have soared in price and taken a nose dive in quality, try making parsley the herb of choice. In addition to its pleasing flavor, parsley also possesses and easygoing, agreeable disposition. It will grow in almost any climate, and unlike its striking herbal cousins like cilantro and rosemary, it will blend with a wide range of flavors. Perhaps because of its Mediterranean origins, it harmonizes most easily with other foods from the region, like capers, garlic, olive oil, lemons and tomatoes...Evidence of parsley's versatile and accommodating nature is found in cuisines all over the world. French chefs uses parsley in their most popular herbal mixtures, from bouquet garni to fines herbes...While there are about 30 varieties of parsley, including some grown for stems and at least one used only for its roots, most American cooks find themselves choosing between two varieties, flat leaf and curly leaf. In practice, the two can be used more or less interchangeably, but there are some differences. Common wisdom holds that flat leaf has a more intense flavor than curly leaf. Repeated tasting bear this out, but the difference is not a pronounced as generally advertised. Flavor intensity actually varies more between individual bunches of the herb than between varieties. So, with parsley, you should follow the same rule of thumb as with all other produce: the fresher variety is probably the better choice. If both varieties seem equally fresh, consider the intended use. Most flat-leaf parsley has larger leaves and thicker stems than curly leaf, which makes it easier to strip off the leaves. Curly leaf, with stronger stems and a generally sturdier character, might be preferable for salads with a lot of crunch.\" ---\"Ubiquitous and Flavorful, Parsley Is Too Good to Overlook,\" John Willoughby and Chris Schlesinger, New York Times, Febraury 22, 1995 (p. C3)", "[1996] \"Parsley is the herb that's taken for granted. A few sprigs solve the garnish problem. A scattering of chopped leaves enlivens almost any dish with a bright bit of green. But parsley can take a more assertive role, becoming the primary component of a sauce. Not only can it stand in for basil in a pesto, it can also be the basis of a variety of green sauces...Flat-leaf Italian parsley is usually preferred by chefs for its richer flavor. Curly parsley makes a prettier garnish.\" ---\"Parsley Takes a More Assertive Role,\" Florence Fabricant, New York Times, April 14, 1996 (p. CN14)", "[1997] \"Like salt, parsley is a seasoning that orchestrates other flavors. So deftly does it do its job that it is usually taken for granted. This lack of praise is not reflected in the medical folklore, where parsley is touted as an effective cure for rheumatism, swelling and lethargy. The Romans used parsley to stimulate circulation and appetite. And in recent years, the sales of parsley capsules have increased right along with the wholesale consumption of garlic. We do know for certain that parsley does for cooking what people claim it does for health--namely, clean and refresh. With its hint of camphor, citrus and grass, and its subtle peppery bite, parsley cuts fat and grease and lends a youthful kick to almost any dish. Although there are five botanical varieties of parsley, only two are commonly employed: curly-leafed parsley--so decorative, it is used as a garnish--and flat-leaf or Italian parsley, also called celery-leaf parsley, which has thick, deep-green leaves and a decidedly blunt taste. Sardinia claims to be parsley's homeland, but that may have more to do with its widespread use there than its actual point of origin. Parsley is a hardy, prolific herb that has been growing for thousands of years all over the world. Its affinity for the cooking of southern Italy is only natural, since it is the ultimate counterpoint to bold, boisterous flavors. And while flat-leaf parsley is perfectly capable of playing a supporting role, it has enough flavor to be able to define a dish, tabblouleh being the perfect example.\" ---\"Parsing Parsley,\" Molly O'Neill, New York Times, July 13, 1997 (p. SM53)", "[1998] \"Parsley is, without a doubt, the most underrated herb in the United States. We fuss over basil, fall in and out of love with cilantro, experiment with lavender and nearly ignore parsley. Still, the situation has improved over the years; when I was growing up it wasn't even clear that parsley was edible--a few sprigs on the side of the plate merely served notice that the dish was somehow 'fancy.' Yet when you get past using parsley as a garnish, and sprinkle a handful on top of a dish just before serving, you begin to appreciate the bright, clean flavor of this common herb. And when you realize that it remains in season far longer than basil, rosemary or other popular herbs...you get a further sense of its value. My love for parsley increased even more when I learned how to feature it in sauces...I've learned to blend it with vinegar to make a sharp, spiky sauce that complements simply prepared, full-flavored foods beautifully.\" ---\"Parsley Moves to Plate's Center,\" Mark Bittman, New York Times, November 4, 1998 (p. F3)", "Pasta, in many shapes and forms, has been enjoyed by many cultures and cuisines for thousands of years. Who invented this food, where and when? That's very much a matter of culinary debate. Current evidence suggests two (or more) concommitant centers of origin. Ancient and Medieval pasta dishes were both savory (made with meat, pepper, onion, saffron) and sweet (made with honey, nuts, and soft cheeses). According to the food historians, layered & stuffed pastas (lasagne, ravioli) are a Medieval invention. In European/Christian cultures they were often served with cheese during Christian Lent and other meat-abstaining days.", "17th and 18th century English and American cookbooks contain recipes for macrows, or macaroni. Thomas Jefferson is said to have introduced the first pasta machine to America in 1787. Tomatoes are \"New World\" food and were not combined with pasta until the 19th century. Semolina, the pasta flour we know today, surfaces in Medieval times.", "What about Marco Polo? Food historians debunk the myth that Marco Polo introduced pasta to Italy as a result of his travels to China. Notes here:", "\"Certain ideas about the history of food are part of the general cultures. We all know, or think we know, that pasta originated in China, that it was brought back to Venice by Marco Polo, and that it spread from there first throughout Italy and later to the rest of Europe...It is an extravagant application to the realm of food...called the \"myth of origin.\" Yet histories that confidently repeat widely held opinions often neglect contradictory evidence. For example, the sources how that pasta did not come to Italy from China by way of Venice but spread northward from the Mezzogiorno, where noodles were eaten long before Marco Polo traveled to the Orient.\" ---Food: A Culinary History, Jean-Louis Flandrin & Masssimo Montanari [Columbia University Press:New York] 1999 (p. 1-2)", "\"Culinary mythology: Marco Polo's supposed introduction of pasta from China to the Western world. This durable myth, which requires that nothing should have been known of pasta in Italy until 1295, when Marco Polo returned from the Far East, can easily be shown to be wrong by citing references in Italy to pasta of an earlier date. What is interesting about the myth is the question of how it arose. An explanation was offered to a distinguished audience at Oxford University by the famous Italian authority, Massimo Alberini: As far as I can make out, the Chinese' story originates from an article entitled A Saga of catai that appeared in the American magazine Macaroni Journal in 1929. There it was written that a sailor in Marco Polo's expedition had seen a Chinese girl preparing long strands of pasta, and that the sailor's name was Spaghetti. Obviously an \"unlikely tale.\" It is tempting to add that the Macaroni Journal explanation may itself be a myth; but no better explanation has been offered. The question of interaction between oriental and occidental forms of pasta and the extent to which particular forms may have travelled either eastwards or westwards, through C. Asia, is a different one, of a subtlety and complexity sufficient to deter myth-makers from trying to intervene with it.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 232) 88 (p. 273-4)", "The very real contribution Marco Polo made with regards to introducing foods of Asia to Europe was his description of the cuisine and dining habits of the people he met on his journeys.", "\"Marco Polo's accounts of China are too well known to warrant further attention, but a word needs to be said about his reliability. John Haeger, among others, has questioned whether Marco Polo saw as much as we usually assume...There is no question that he relied on others' acounts--usually reliable ones, but sometimes rumors--for his descriptions of some remote, off- route places... Of Yuan food, Marco tells us a good deal, all of it confirmed by others. The importance of dairy products, especially horse milk, is clear. Dried skim milk was a staple...Wine is described as being made of rice and flavored with spices...The luxury of the Great Kaan's table service is described...and from Marco's note on the Yuan planting of shade trees, it seems that the Great Kaan was as industrious as the modern People's Republic in lining the highways with them...Marco notes the sharp contrast between the Central Asian influenced north and the refractory south in choice of foods: in the south \"they eat every kind of flesh, even that of dogs and other unclean beasts, which nothing would induce a Christian to eat\"...The importance of the salt monopoly is stressed.\" ---The Food of China, E.N. Anderson [Yale University Press:New Haven] 1988", "Shapes & sizes Pasta can be molded into almost any shape imaginable. The simplest, and perhaps earliest, form were long, flat sheets. Think: lasagne. Ravioli, vermicelli, ribbons and strings descend from this simple shape. As time progressed, pasta was molded and extruded. Tubes happened. Think: rigatoni, elbow macaroni, & alphabet soup. By the early 20th century, most Americans regularly incorporated macaroni into family meals. Cookbooks do not generally address the depth and breadth of shape choices. \"Macaroni\" is fuzzed over as one product. Presumably, urban centers offered more varieties than rural outposts. How many different shapes were available in this period?", "[1911] \"The average Amenrican consumer has no idea of the number of forms, a hundred or more, in which the paste is made by Italian manufacturers. They range form lasagnes, short, flat pieces from one to two inches wide, cut out, and sometimes molded, bu hand, to fidellini, long thin threads, the finest of which are many times smaller than vermicelli, which is the smallest type generally know here--and, in between, a great variety of forms and sizes-- tubular, solid-round and flat, long and short, stars, dots, crescents, little animal shapes, etc., the last-named varieties being cut from thin sheets of the dough.\" ---Grocers Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [National Grocer:New York] 1911 (p. 353) [NOTE: Color plate of pasta shapes illustrated in this book here.]", "[1914] \"Macaroni is an Italian paste, but only one class of the endless variety of Italian pastes are of the true macaroni order, although a great many others are often called by that name. There is much confusion as to what is included under the name macaroni among us, and even in some parts of Italy the term is extended to cover several classes. Outside of Italy a great number of Italian pastes are being manufactured, especially in France, and more and more in America, although nowhere nearly as many as in Italy. These pastes are one of the greatest aids to economy, with great variety, of anything in the whole world of foods, and they are staples. They were perhaps invented as a substitute for meat during the long Lenten fast, and then afforded the best means for extending the flavor of a small amount of heat ever devised, while at the same time furnishing a great deal of nutriment. In the home of their origin they are described variously, but most accurately when it is said they are 'both substantial and delicate.'...Variety is gained by learning to use the different sorts which our own manufacturers call macaroni and label as 'shells,' 'large chort cut,' etc. We mostly have but one, and the right idea of what macaroni is--a long tube with a hole in it, usually rather large--but in our store we find 'ribbon macaroni,' which may be either long or short and as flat as a ribbon; 'large elbow macaroni,' 'small elbow macaroni,' quill,' 'sausage macaroni,' etc. These last four are tubular, but not of the Naples type. What we call macaroni is in some parts of Italy called 'long Naples macaroni'...where there are about two other divisions of these pastes, the noodles and those of a great number of shapes, like large and small, some like grains, or butterflies, or shells, or stars or letters of the alphabet, or feathers, or 'horse's teeth.' etc.\" ---\"The Italian Pastes, or True macaroni, and Dry Soups,\" Jane Eddington, Chicago Daily Tribune, January 24, 1914 (p. D3)", "Elbow macaroni Elbow macaroni, as we Americans know it today, descends from 19th century Italian tubetti & ditali. The earliest American print reference we find for \"elbow macaroni\" is 1900. Muellers (Pennsylvania) was an early manufacturer. Creamettes, another popular brand, surfaced in 1912. In sum: products with this name were manufactured in America. They were promoted for convenience (reduced cooking time) and economy (cheap). Popular home economists supplied recipes in newspaper columns and cooking schools.", "\"Tubetti...Factory-made tubes, usually small, both smooth and ridged. They are cooked in soupds or made with legumes. Also known as Tubettini, ditali, ditaletti (thimbles), gnocchetti di ziti, gnocchettini and coralli (corals). In Puglia and Sicily, denti de vechhia (old woman's teeth), denti de cavallo (horse's teeth), ganghi di vecchia (old woman's legs) and magghietti....The name literally means 'little tubes.' In Puglia, where pasta d'ingegno was widespread by the beginning of the 1800s, these irregularly shaped, small, curved tubes could be produced with a torchio or with the appropriate die.\" ---Encyclopedia of Pasta, Oretta Zanini de Vita, translated by Maureen B. Fant, Forward by Carol Field [University of California Press:Berkeley CA] 2009(p. 305-306) [NOTE: Color plate of pasta shapes from Artemas Ward's Grocers Encyclopedia [1911] here. Tubetti is #19, Ditalli follows.]", "[1904] \"Elbow Macaroni. This is somewhat of a new arrival on this market but you'll find that it is a high class article. 10 cents per package.\" ---display ad, Harrisburg Daily News [PA], February 15, 1904 (p. 4)", "[1905] \"Bromballotis brand elbow macaroni, six times a goldmedal winner in the whitest and best macaroni packed. 15 cents box.\" ---display ad, Harrisburg Daily News [PA], September 21, 1905 (p. 4) [NOTE: catalog above, #27, shows this shape with squared-off ends.]", "[1906] \"Elbow Macaroni. We have just received a fresh shipment of this fine macaroni. In short elbow shapes there is no macaroni made to equal this kind. Try it once and you will use no other. Per pound 10 Cents.\" ---display ad, Marion Daily Star [OH], May 16, 1906 (p. 8)", "[1912] \"Once, all macaroni was long and solid and took half an hour or longer to cook. Then, James T. Williams, a Minnesota resident, had an idea. He made macaroni into short, hollow elbows, a shape that reduced the cooking time for his macaroni to seven minutes. Williams' invention was Creamettes Macaroni. Since its introduction in 1912, the Creamettes brand has been expanded to include more than 60 different kinds and shapes of pasta and noodles.\" ---\"Creamettes Always Stirred Interest,\" Los Angeles Times, December 8, 1988 (p. J45) [NOTES: (1) According to the US Patent & Trademark Office, Creamettes brand macaroni products were introduced to the American public August 15, 1912. The original manufacturer was Mother's Macaroni Co., Minneapolis MN. The brand was subsequently transferred to the Creamette Company. It is currently owned by New World Pasta, Harrisburg PA. (2) Early advertisements herald \"Creamettes is new macaroni product, more dainty in texture and more delicious in taste...cooks in one-third time required by other macaronies and cooks more daintily, holding its original shape.\" (display ad, Chicago Daily Tribune, March 19, 1916 p. 3). These ads do not explicitly state the shape (elbow) or show a picture of the product.]", "[1915] \"Muellers Elbow Macaroni.\" (also Muellers Egg Noodles).\" ---display ad, Washington Post, June 20, 1915 (p. 13) [NOTE: drawing of package, no price or product photo.]", "[1925] \"Know How Good They Are--Try Them! Get a package of Mueller's Egg Noodles and make the acquaintance of a new and delightful food flavor. They are made of choice spring wheat flour and plenty of fresh eggs--pure, rich, nutritious and easy to digest. Thousands of families now eat them several times a week, and never tire of them. Mueller's. Spaghetti, Macaroni, Elbow Macaroni, Egg noodles. As a Change from Potatoes!...Awarded Grand Prize Panama-Pacific Exposition, 1915.\" ---display ad, Los Angeles Times, October 15, 1925 (p. A7)", "Fettuccine Alfredo Although combinations of pasta, butter and cheese were enjoyed by ancient cooks, the invention this particular dish is often attributed to Alfredo's [restaurant] in Rome, 1914. Why? Alfredo Di Lelio, with a little help from Hollywood, made it famous. Contemporary restaurants serve many versions of this dish. What makes it super creamy? Some say it's the double butter.", "Here's the generally accepted \"creation\" story: \"Fettucini Alfredo....A dish of fettuccini egg noodles mixed with butter, Parmesean cheese, and cream. The dish has been a staple of Italian-American restaurants since the mid-1960s. It was created in 1914 by Alfred Di Lelio, who opened a restaurant in Rome, Italy, under his first name on the Via della Scrofa in 1910. The dish supposedly helped restore the appetite of his wife after she gave birth to their son. The original dish was made with a very rich triple butter Di Lelio made himself, three kinds of four, and only the heart of the best parmigiano. Fettuccini all'Alfredo became famous after Hollywood movie actors Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford ate the dish at Alfredo's restaurant while on their honeymoon in 1927...After World War II Di Lelio moved to the Piazza Augusto Imperatore, and in the 1950s his restaurant became a mecca for visiting Americans, most of whom came to sample fettuccini Alfredo...Because most cooks could not reproduce the richness of the original butter, today the dish almost always contains heavy cream.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 126)", "\"The story goes that while honeymooning in Rome in 1927, Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford dined almost daily on this rich pasta at Alfredo's restaurant, and in gratitude, presented restauranteur Alfredo Di Lelio with a golden pasta fork and spoon at the end of their stay. Journalists picked up the story and spread news of Fettuccine Alfredo across the Atlantic. Before long, American chefs were improvising. According to Marie Simmons...food writer who is of Italian heritage, an authentic Fettuccini Alfredo is not tricked out with cream or mushrooms or green peas or garlic. It's a mix of sweet creamery butter, Parmigiano-Reggiano, homemade fettuccini, and black pepper. Nothing more, nothing less.\" ---The American Century Cookbook: The Most Popular Recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 213)", "Of course, most dishes are not created, they evolve: \"Cheese is the earliest condiment for pasta of which we have documentation. Even before the earliest recipes were written, cheese with pasta was the delight of the bon vivants of the Middle Ages...Present in all the medieval collections of recipes that feature pasta, grated cheese was often mixed with spices...\"These tortelli must be yellow and strongly spiced, serve them in bowls with plenty of pepper and grated cheese...Although it was abandoned by the elite beginning in the seventeenth century, the mixture of cheese and spices continued in popular use. Pasta was served with a carpet of well-aged grated cheese in taverns frequented by Pere Labat in the turn of the eighteenth century.\" ---Pasta: The Story of a Universal Food, Silvano Serventi & Francoise Sabban [Columbia University Press:New York] 2000 (p. 258-9)", "A survey of recipes through time These recipes may not be called Fettuccine Alfredo, but they would certainly recreate something close the original dish. The earliest recipe we have attributing Alfredo to this dish is dated 1928, a year afther the famous Fairbanks/Pickford encounter. The emphasis and success of this dish is on Alfredo, a culinary showman. Not the restorative properties created for an ailing wife.", "[1769] \"To dress Macaroni with Parmesan Cheese Boil four ounces of macaroni till it be quite tender and lay it on a sieve to drain. Then put it in a tossing pan with about a gill of good cream, a lump of butter rolled in flour, boil it five minutes. Pour it on a plate, lay all over it parmesan cheese toasted. Send to to the table on a water plate, for it soon goes cold.\" ---The Experienced Engish Housekeeper, Elizabeth Raffald, introduction by Roy Shipperbottom [Southover Press:East Sussex] 1997 (p. 144)", "[1891] \"84. Maccheroni Alla Frncese (Macaroni French Style) I saay French style because I found this recipe in a cookbook of that nation, but as often happens with printed recipes, which rarely coincide with what must be done in practice, I had to change the proportions of the ingredients as follows: 300 grams (about 10-1/2 ounces) of Neapolitan-style long macaroni 70 grams (about 2 1/3 ounces) of butter 70 grams (about 2 1/3 ounces) of Gruyere cheese 40 grms (about 1 1/3 ounces) of Parmesan cheese a small pot of broth Cook the macaroni until two-thirds done in moderately salted water. Put the broth oon the fire, bring it to a boil and then add the grated Gruyere cheese and the butter, stirring well with a wooden spoon to help them dissolve. When this is done, immediately pour the broth over the drained, partly cooked macaroni. I say immediately, because otherwise the Gruyere sinks to the bottom and sticks together. Keep the macaroni on the fire until completely cooked, making sure that they do not absorb all the sauce. When you remove them from the stover, season the macaroni with the Parmesan cheese. Serve with more Parmesan on the side for those who like strong tastes and prefer their pasta sharp. This, like macaroni Bolognese style, is a first course that comes in hand in family cookiing; you need only a small pot of broth from the day before, so you can save the time and expense of making a fresh meat broth. If you prefer the dish meatless, substitute milk for the broth.\" ---Science in the Kitchen and the Art of Eating Well, Pelegrino Artusi, translated by Mutha Baca and Stephen Sartrelli [Marsilio Publishers:New York] 1891, 1997 (p. 92-3)", "[1895?] \"Maccaroni, With Cream Boil one pound of maccaroni, and when done, cut it up in three inch lengths, and put in into a stewpan, with four ounces of fresh butter, four ounces of grated Parmesan cheese, and a similar quantity of Gruyere cheese also grated, and a gill of good cream; season with mignionette-pepper and salt, and toss the whole well together over the stove-fire until well mixed and quite hot, then shake it up for a few minutes to make the cheese spin, so as to give it a fibrous appearance, when drawn up with a fork. The maccaroni, when dished up, must be garnished round the base with fleurons of pastry, and then served.\" ---Francatelli's Modern Cook: A Practical Guide to the Culinary Art in All Its Branches, Charles Elme Francatelli [David McKay:Philadelphia] 1895? (p. 397) [Note: Chef Francatelli was in service to Queen Victoria.]", "[1912] Macaroni with Butter and Cheese (Maccheoni al Burro) Boil and drain the macaroni. Take four tablespoons of table-butter, three tablespoons of grated Parmesan cheese, add to the macaroni in the saucepan, mix well over the fire, and serve.\" ---Simple Italian Cookery, Antonia Isola [Harper & Brothers:New York] 1912 (P. 10)", "[1928] \"Noodles Alfredo Cook noodles in boiling salted water 20 minutes. Drain in colander and hold under cold water to separate, then hold under hot water to eat. Drain, place noodles on a large hot platter, sprinkle top with grated Parmesan cheese and add 3 lumps of butter about the size of a small egg. Now take a large spoon and fork and lift noodles from platter until butter and cheese are thoroughly blended with noodles. This act of mixing the butter and cheese throughout the noodles becomes quite a ceremony when performed by Alfredo in his tiny restaurant in Rome, Italy. As busy as Alfredo is with his other duties he manages to be at each table when the waiter arrives with the platter of 'fettuccine' to be mixed by him.\" ---The Rector Cook Book, George Rector [Cribben & Sexton Company:Chicago IL] 1928 (p. 70)", "[1932] \"...Noodles Alfredo. Cook the noodles until tender in boiling water. Drain, place noodles on a large sizzling hot platter, sprinkle with grated Parmesan cheese and add a generous lump of butter. With a large spoo and fork, lift the noodles from the platter, unti cheese and butter are thoroughly blended with them. That dish was named for Alfredo, who has a restaurant in Rome. When Alfredo mixes the butter and cheese through the noodles, it's a real ceremony. Alfredo always mannages to be at each table when the waiter arrives with the platter of 'fettucine' so that he can do the mixig himself. As he mixes the noodles he sways from the waist, keeping perfect time to the music of the orchestra. As he turns the noodles over and over, he puts lumps of butter under the stuff, and the the hot platter melts this butter. First the butter comes to the top, then the Parmedan cheese, and pretty soon the whole mass is whirling around until it is a radiant, glorious mound of 'fettucine'. During the mixing, Alfredo actually leads the orchestra; they watch him closely, and harmonize with his movements. At the end of five minutes he stops back to look at his masterpiece through half- closed eyes. Theyn, with a sweeping gesture, he invites the diner to partake. 'Fettucine' made Alfredo a cavaliere of Italy. I do no know whether the king knighted him with the flat or a sword or the round of a spoon. But he has the decoration, nevertheless, and he is envied by all the rival chefs in Italy.\" ---\"Our Daily Food,\" Colonel Goodbody, Washington Post, April 16, 1932 (p. 8)", "[1950] \"Noodles With Butter and Parmesan Cheese (Roman Style) 3 eggs 4 cups flour 4 quarts water 2 tablespoons salt 1/2 cup butter (1/4 pound) 1 1/2 cups grated Parmesean cheese Beat eggs lightly and add to flour on pastry board, mixing well. Work until dough is stiff and elastic, adding more flour if needed. Cut dough into 3 parts and roll out each part on floured board as thin as possible. Sprinkle dough sheets with a little flour, let dry a little, roll and cut into strips 3/4 inch wide. Cook about 8 minutes, or until tender but not soft. Cooking time will vary aa little depending on thickness of noodles. Drain will and place in large bowl. Add butter and cheese and mix until butter and cheese have been completely absorbed by noodles. Serve immediately with a little grated cheese. Serves 4 or 6.\" ---Talisman Italian Cook Book, Ada Boni, translated by Matilde Pei [Crown Publishers:New York] 1950, 1955 (p. 148-9)", "[1961] \"It is onnly a mild exaggeration to say that if a restaurant in New York offers one dish of abiding excellence, the fact is worth recording. One such establishment that has this to recommend it is Alfredo of New York; at 240 West Fifty-sixth Street. The dish is fettuchie, a glorious creation made with melting ribbons of noodles, Parmesan cheese as rich as a hazelnut, butter and cream. To be properly made, fettucine must be made quickly and with dexterity and preferably in a chafing dish at tableside. Great care must be exercised on the part of the waiter that the noodles do not break nor become overcooked. When Alfredo's was visited on several occasions, the room was not filled to capacity and the fettucine-making ceremony was admirably observed...The cost of the fettucine in the evening is $2.50.\" ---\"Restaurant on Review: Alfredo of N.Y.,\" Craig Claiborne, New York Times, September 29, 1961 (p. 39)", "[1966] \"Fettuccine Alfredo Two things are important here: 1) to use Parmesan cheese you grated yourself,* and 2) to toss the noodles vigorously, with controlled abandon, so that each and every millimeter of every one is covered with the butter and cheese. 4 servings 8 ounces broad egg noodles 1/2 pound butter 1/2 pound Parmesan Cook the noodles till they're tender-- about ten minutes. Drain them well. Put them in a hot bowl, add butter cut in chunks (melted butter would give it a non-Alfredo flavor) and add the grated cheese. Then mix. *This is what the purists say. I have not been able to discern much difference, myself, and I've tried. However, the kind you grate yourself you know is freshly grated, and you don't know how long ago the grocer's was.\" ---Peg Bracken's Appendix to the I Hate to Cook Book, Peg Bracken [Harcourt Brace & World:New York] 1966 (p. 156-157)", "[1970] \"Fettucini Alfredo This dish won for Alfredo, its creator, a title. I first tasted it in Alfredo's little restaurant in Rome. There, its quality was improved by showmanship. A platter of what looked like very plain noodles was brought to the table. Then, while a violinist played softly, Alfredo manipulated his golden spoon and the clammy-looking noodles changed to a dish of delicate thoughtfulness. When the king tasted it, he knighted Alfredo. The housewife can make it with Italian spaghetti, or obtain at an Italian store the flat noodles from which fettucini is concocted. 1 1/2 pounds noodles 1 teaspoon salt Boil unbroken noodles in as much water as your largest pot will hold. Add salt when water first begins to boil, then noodles. Boil 20 minutes. 1/2 pound butter Cut in cubes on a hot plate. When noodles are done, drain. 3 handfuls Parmesan cheese, grated. Stir the cheese and butter into the noodles, being sure that all are carefully mixed and blended. You may not have Alfredo's golden spoon, but you'll have his loving care.\" --- Cooking with the Stars, Jane Sherrod Singer editor [A.S. Barnes and Co.:New York] 1970 (p. 394-5) [Note: According to this book, the dish is contributed by Lionel Barrymore. We are not told if the recipe is \"original,\" Barrymore's or the cook book editor's.]", "[1974] \"Fettuccine Alla Panna/Fettuccine With Cream Sauce This embellished modern version of the old burro e parmigiano is sometimes known as fettuccine all'Alredo The butter is melted with the cheese on a serving platter, and then turned into a smooth, creamy sauce without benefit of saucepan. Sauce 8 tablespoons unsalted butter 1/2 cups all-purpose cream 8 tabllespoons grated Parmesan cheese Pasta 6 quarts water 6 teaspoons salt 1 5-egg batch Pasta all'uovo (pages 15-22), cut into fettuccine (as in the preceding recipe) Put the bitter and cream in a wide, shallow serving bowl or deep platter in a warm (200 degrees F.) oven or, even better, on top of the pot containing the heating pasta water. When the butter has melted, stir in about 2/3 of the cheese. Keep this cream sauce warm while the fettuccine cook. When the pasta comes to a good boil, salt it and put in the fettuccine by the handful. When al dente, drain it thoroughy, and put it on the platter with the cream-butter-cheese sauce. Turn it over and over until the sauce is well distributed. Serve immmediately aand sprinkle with the remaining cheese.\" ---The Romagnolis' Table, Margaret and G. Franco Romagnoli [Atlantic Monthly Press:Boston MA] 1974, 1975 (p.29-30) [NOTE: Recipe for Pasta, Burro E Parmigiano (Pasta with Butter and Parmesan cheese) precedes this passage (p. 28-29). The sauce contains unsalted butter & Parmesan cheese; no cream.]", "Lasagne Lasagne history is particularly interesting because it embraces not one, but three edible evolutions: 1. Wide noodles made by Ancient Romans & Greeks 2. Layered flat noodle & spice/cheese dishes in Medieval Europe 3. Baked dish composed of flat noodles interlayered with cheese, meat & tomato sauce in modern Europe & contemporary USA", "Food historians hypothesize lasagne [long flat strips of dried wheaten dough] were probably the earliest forms of pasta. They were laid out to harden in the hot mediterranean sun and cut with simple rollers designed expressly to create a curly, interlocking edge. Serving instructions for the very first lasagnes were not much different from other than flat breads. Medieval and Renaissance lasagnes were typically creamy, sweet, layered macaroni and cheese type dishes, often eaten during Christian Lent. They were flavored with cinnamon and pepper, not garlic and oregano. This is a far cry from the ground meat, ricotta, tomato sauce, and mozzarella topped dish we Americans consider lasagne today. How things do change with time!", "\"Lasagne: probably one of the earliest forms of pasta...consists of fairly flat sheets of pasta, typically interleaved with a savoury mixture and baked in the oven...Some believe that its remote ancestor was the classical Greek laganon; this was a flat cake, not pasta as we know it now, but capable of developing in that direction. In classical Rome this was cut into strips and became known as lagani (plural). Cicero (1st century AD) was known to have been particularly fond of lagani. So was the Roman poet Horace, of the same century. He sited them as an example of simple peasant's food while boasting of his simple way of life...something which could be called lasagne in the modern sense had appeared in Italy by the 13th century...Since medieval times, lasagne have been a popular feature in the range of pasta products. Recipes have changed over the centuries, but the advantages of a pasta which comes in sheet form...have been a constant in the kitchen.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 444)", "\"The use of elongated pasta was also probalby introduced by the Arabs, and this is corroborated visually in the illustrations accompanying the fourteenth-century Tacuina sanitatis...Among fourteenth-century recipe collections, only one, the Neapolitan Liber de coquina, offers a step-by-step description of the preparation and serving of lasagne. Here fermented douth (we do not know if this is an exception or the rule) is flattened into a thin sheet and cut into rectangles three inches long. These are boiled in water and then seasoned, layer by layer, with grated cheeese (caseum gratatum) and, if desired, pulverized spice. The recipe concludes with the stiupation that the dish should be eaten with a pointed wooden utensil (uno punctorio ligneo). This detail suggests that the precocious use of the fork in Italy was prompted at least in part by the introduction of a dish as difficult to handle as pasta, which is slippery and dangerously hot...Cheese--possibly enriched with spices--was the obligatory flavoring for pasta from the outset. This custom lasted at least until the eighteenth century. 'It must be known'--says the Liber de coquina--'that one should use a large quantity of cheese with both lasagne and corzetti.' The cheese could be sliced rather than grated...It is clear, however, that grated cheese was the preferred choice, signifying from the start a successful union between pasta and cheese, the foremost variety of which is Parmesan...All cookbooks confirm this, and not even the new and successful combination of pasta with tomato sauce, which was first introduced around the end of the eighteenth century and fully established by the 1820s, would really change things. Cheese and tomaptes, together or separately, are the most popular and most accessible flavorings for pasta, in contrast to meat sauce and ragu, the prevailing choice for Parisian and Neapolitan cooking.\" ---Italian Cuisine: A Cultural History, Alberto Capati & Massimo Montanari, translated by Aine O'Healy [Columbia University Press:New York] 1999, 2003 (p. 52-55) [NOTE: Recommended reading: The Neapolitan Recipe Collection, a critical edition and English translation by Terence Scully [University of Michigan Press:Ann Arbor]2000.]", "\"Though some authorities believe the word [lasagne] derives from Vulgar Latin lasania (cooking pot), the ancient Romans made laganum, which referred to strips of dough baked on a flat surface. Since lasagne requires a baking oven, which for most of Italian history was to be found only in the kitchens of the wealthy families, the dish was considered to be a lavish one...\" ---Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 134)", "[14th century Italy] \"Of lasagne. To make lasagne take fermented dough and make into as thin as possible. Then divide it into squares of three fingerbreadths per side. Then take salted boiling water and cook those lasagne in it. And when they are fully cooked, add grated cheese. And, if you like, you can also add good powdered spices and powder them on them, when they are on the trencher. Then put on a layer of lasagne and powder [spices] again, and on top another layer and powder, and continue until the trencher or bowl is full. Thet eat them by taking them up with a pointed wooden stick...This recipe is interesting from several points of view--not because lasagne were an innovation of the fourteenth century, but because of the unusual method it sets out. Pasta was common in medieval Italy...we find references ot maccaroni...in texts dating from before [Marco Polo's] lifetime. Lasagne, which are cut from a sheet of pasta a formed with a rolling pin, are the likely successors of the laganae of Roman times, for which the late fourth-century treatise of Apicius includes two recipes, although these yield quite different results, as one is boiled and the other baked. The mixture of wheat flour and water known as pasta is also defined in part by its being cooked in moist heat; boiling water in the West and steam or boiling liquid in China. While lasagne are the culmination of a pasta-making tradition dating back to antiquity, the origin of macaroni and vermicelli, first mentioned in medieval Italian cooking treatises, is far less certain....the recipe we have selected is distinctive for its use of 'fermented' dough. There is no room for doubt that leavening is used. In a prior reicpe fermento is added to a fritter dough precisely to make it 'grow'...Other Italian books contain reicpes for lasagne made of flour and water and boiled in meat broth for meat days, or in almond milk for days of abstinence. In this recipe, our lasagne are simply boiled in salted water. Another of the unusual elements that made us choose this particular version in the liber de coquina is that it is the only one to explain clearly how lasagne are made--by rolling out the dough and cutting it into squares three finger-breadths a side--and how they are eaten; with a pinted wooden stick. We can quite see the ned for a tool wit which to eat hot lasagne without buring our fingers. But the fork was on the way!...It is only natural to wonder why these lasagne are made from a leavened dough, similar to bread dough, rather than from a simple mixture of flour and water. Remember that in Italy today lasagne, like other fresh pastas, are made from flour and eggs. We have found...that a leavened dough, wen boiled, has a slight springiness that is lacking in an unleavened dough; this consistency comes close to the al dente texture of perfectly cooked pasta.\" ---Medieval Kitchen: Recipes From France and Italy, Odile Redon et al [University of Chicago:Chicago] 1998 (p. 58-60) [NOTE: Modernized recipe follow; happy to scan & send if you want.]", "[15th century Rome] \"Book VII, 43. Roman Noodles. Blend meal which has been separated from chaff with water in the best way. When it has been blended, spread it out on a board and roll it with a rounded and oblong piece of wood such as bakers are accustomed to use in such a trade. Then when it has been drawn out to the width of a finger, cut it. It is so long you would call it a fillet. It ought to be cooked in rich and continually boiling broth, but if, at any time, it must be cooked in water, put in butter and salt. When it is cooked, it ough to be put in a pan with cheese, butter, sugar, and sweet spices.\" ---Platina: On Right Pleasure and Good Health, a critical edition and translation of De Honesta Voluptate et Valetudine, Mary Ella Milham [Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies:Tempe AZ] 1998 (p. 329)", "[16th century Rome] \"Capon Skin Lasagne Take boiled capon skin, cut into pieces and put in fatty capon broth; and simmer for a half hour with a bit of saffron. Then serve in bowls, topped with a bit of cheese and spices.\" ---The Art of Cooking: The First Modern Cookery Book, Maestro Martino of Como, edited and with an introduction by Luigi Ballerini, Translated and annotated by Jeremy Parzen [Univeristy of California Press:Berkeley CA] 2005 (p. 71)", "\"To prepare a tourte of tagliatelle or of lasagne cooked in a fat meat broth or in milk. Get tabliatelle or lasagne make with fine flour, eggs and either warm goat's milk or warm water; cook them in a fat meat broth or in goat's or cow's milk. When they are done, take them out and let them cool enough to be cut. Then have a tourte pan grased with butter and lined with a sheet of royal dough made with fine flour, rosewater, sugar and butter. Onto that dough set down a layer of provatura [cow's milk mozzarella] slices sprinked with sugar, pepper and cinnamon, with a few lumps of fresh butter and grated Parmesan cheese; then put the bits of tagliatelle or lasagne on that, and on top of them make another layer of the same ingredients as are under them. You can make up several layers doing the same thing. Bake it, open-faced, in an oven or braise it. When it is almost done, sprinkle it with sugar and cinnamon. Be very generous with the butter. In the same way you can do any sort of macaroni, made on an iron bar and cooked as described above. You can occasionally intersperse mint, marjoram and ground cloves of garlic with the pasta. Always serve it hot.\" ---The Opera of Bartolomeo Scappi (1570), Luigi Ballerini and Massimo Ciavolella editors, translated with a commentary by Terence Scully [University of Toronto Press:Toronto] 2008, 2011, Book V, recipe 84(p. 475)", "[1950] \"Lasagne Neapolitan Style 1 pound Ronzoni lasagne (#123) 1 pound pork shoulder 1 tablespoon olive oil 1/2 onion, minced 1 teaspoon minced parsley 1/2 teaspoon salt 1/2 teaspoon pepper 1 1/2 cans tomato paste 2 cups warm water 5 quarts water 3 teaspoons salt 1 pound ricotta (Italian pot cheese) 1 tablespoon hot water 4 tablespoons grated Parmesan cheese Place pork in saucepan with oil, onion, garlic, and parsley and brown thoroughly on all sides. Add salt, pepper, and tomato paste, diluted in 2 cups warm water. Cover pan and cook 2 hours, adding a little water from time to time, if necessary. This should make about 2 cups of tomato sauce. Remove pork from sauce, and keep warm. In another pan bring water to boil, add salt, and drop in lasagne, broken into short pieces. Cook 15 minutes, or until tender, stirring almost constantly to prevent lasagne from sticking together. Drain. Mix ricotta with 1 tablespoon warm water, making a soft paste. In a casserole, arrange lasagne in layers, alternating with sauce, ricotta and Parmesean, until lasagne is all used, and ending with a layer of sauce, ricotta and Parmesean. Bake in moderate oven 20 minutes and serve. Serve pork as a second course. Makes 6 large or 8 medium servings.\" ---The Talisman Italian Cook Book, Ada Boni, special edition printed for Ronzoni Macarnoni Co. [Crown Publishers:New York] 1950, 1955 (p. 145-146) [NOTE: Additional recipes in this book: Lasagne Old Style (ricotta & mozzerella), Lasange Piedmont Style (Parmesan, no ricotta), and Green Lasange Modena Style (spinach, Parmesean, no ricotta).]", "Who invented macaroni & cheese? No one knows for sure, although the food historians generally credit the ancient Greeks and Romans for coming up with the idea of combining these two foods. The origin of pasta/noodles/macaroni is a matter of culinary controversy (Ancient Rome? Etruscans? China? Korea?). According to the Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson, [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (page 159) \"Cheese is one of the oldest of made foods, dating back to the prehistoric beginnings of herding. As with all fermented products, it seems likely that the discovery of cheese was accidental...\"", "We do know that medieval macaroni dishes (lasagnes & raviolis) were made with cheese and sweetened with nuts and spices (The Medieval Cookbook, Maggie Black, Lasagne with cheese (pages 90-91). These would have tasted quite different from the mac and cheese we eat today. Colonial American cookbooks contained recipes for macaroni and cheese in the English tradition:", "\"Despite the many varieties, the most common name for pasta in later Medieval Italy seems to have been macaroni', although this now means the round as contrasted with the flat kind. The fourteenth century English Forme of Cury gives a recipes for macrows (an anglicized plural) that unquestionably produces a flat result; the recipes even recommends serving it strewn with morsels of butter, and with grated cheese on the side. In its native land it does not seem to have been regarded as a very high-class food; in the sixteenth century", "\"Cheese is the earliest condiment for pasta of which we have documentation. Even before the earliest recipes were written, cheese with pasta was the delight of the bon vivants of the Middle Ages...Present in all the medieval collections of recipes that feature pasta, grated cheese was often mixed with spices...\"These tortelli must be yellow and strongly spiced, serve them in bowls with plenty of pepper and grated cheese...Although it was abandoned by the elite beginning in the seventeenth century, the mixture of cheese and spices continued in popular use. Pasta was served with a carpet of well-aged grated cheese in taverns frequented by Pere Labat in the turn of the eighteenth century.\" ---Pasta: The Story of a Universal Food, Silvano Serventi & Francoise Sabban [Columbia University Press:New York] 2000 (p. 258-9)", "\"...we can establish the venerableness of the dish we call macaroni cheese from the following recipe which must have been introduced from Italy... into the court cookery of Richard II [1367-1400]. Macrows. Take and make a thin foil of dough, and carve it in pieces, and cast them on boiling water, and seeth it well. Take cheese, and grate it, and butter, cast beneath, and above as for losenges, and serve it forth.' It was apparently not made in England during the next few hundred years, but it returned from Italy in the eighteenth century...when Elizabeth Raffald published a very good recipe entitled \"To dress macaroni with Parmesan cheese.\" ---Food and Drink in Britain: From the Stone Age to the 19th Century, C. Anne Wilson (p. 252)", "[15th century] \"Roman noodles Blend meal which has which has been separated from chaff with water in the best way. When it has been blended, spread it out on a board and roll it with a rounded and oblong piece of wood such as bakers are accustomed to use in such a trade. Then when it has been drawn out to the width of a finger, cut it. It is so long you would call it a fillet. It ought to be cooked in rich and continuallly boiling broth, but it, at the time, it must be cooked in water, put in butter and salt. When it is cooked, it ought to be put in a pan with cheese, butter, sugar, and sweet spices.\" ---De Honesta Voluptate et Valetudine [On Right Pleasure and Good Health], Platina, Book VII, recipe 43, translated by Mary Ella Milham, Italy 15th century (p. 329)", "[1769] \"To dress Macaroni with Parmesan Cheese Boil four ounces of macaroni till it be quite tender and lay it on a sieve to drain. Then put it in a tossing pan with about a gill of good cream, a lump of butter rolled in flour, boil it five minutes. Pour it on a plate, lay all over it parmesan cheese toasted. Send to to the table on a water plate, for it soon goes cold.\" ---The Experience Engish Housekeeper, Elizabeth Raffald, introduction by Roy Shipperbottom [Southover Press:East Sussex] 1997 (p. 144)", "[1824] \"Boil as much macaroni as will fill your dish, in milk and water till quite tender, drain it on a sieve, sprinkle a little salt over it, put a layer in your dish, then cheese and butter as in the polenta, and bake it in the same manner.\" ---The Virginia House-Wife, Mary Randolph, 1824 (p. 100)", "[1847] \"Maccaroni with cheese...Simmer quarter of a pound of maccaroni in a quart of milk, until the pipes are well swelled and tender; then butter a pudding dish, put in a layer of maccaroni; strew it plentifully with grated cheese and bits of butter; then another layer of maccaroni, alternately, until the dish is full, then cheese being last; then put over the whole bits of butter, or melt the butter and put it over; then put it into a moderate oven until it is nicely browned. Serve hot. The cheese for this purpose should be cut and allowed to become dry beore it is grated Pineapple, or old English or Parmesean, should be used. The milk in which the maccaroni is steeped must also be added, if not all absorbed. ---Mrs. Crowen's American Ladies' Cookery Book, Mrs. T. J. Crowen, 1847 (p. 427)", "[1908] \"Baked macaroni...Break up half a pound of macaroni in two-inch lengths, and simmer it as for boiled macaroni, drain it well; have ready grated half pound of good rich cheese, not too old; butter a baking dish, one that will do to serve it in, divide the cheese in half, put one portion in the dish, scattering it evenly over the bottom, pour in the macaroni, arrange it smoothly, and put over it the remaining half of the cheese, sprinkle it plentifully with salt, and pour over it a large coffeecup of cream and milk mixed; bake it three-quarters of an hour; it should be a nice brown on top.\" --The Economical Cook Book, Sara T. Paul, 1908 (p. 138)", "[1915] \"English Style Macaroni...Cook one cup Larkin Short-Cut Macaroni in boiling salted water until tender. Rinse with cold water. Make a sauce by melting three tablespoons butter in a double-boiler. Add three tablespoons flour. When bubbling add one and one-half cups sweet milk. Stir constantly until thickened, add two thirds cup grated cheese or four ounces cheese thinly sliced. Stir until melted. Add one-half teaspoon salt and a little pepper. Mix together sauce and Macaroni, reheat in kettle or put into baking dish and bake about twenty minutes until brown....Mrs. I. F. Knee, Omana, Nebr.\" ---Larkin Housewives Cook Book, Larkin Company [Larkin Co.:Philadelphia] 1915 (p. 54) [NOTE: This recipe instructs the cook to make a cheese sauce rather than simply using grated cheese.]", "\"Kraft Macaroni & Cheese Dinner is introduced nationally in yellow boxes (soon changed to blue) by National Dairy Products, which has adopted the idea of one of its St. Louis salesmen to combine grated American cheese with Tenderoni Macaroni.\" ---The Food Chronology, James Trager [Henry Holt:New York] 1995 (p.37)", "\"Kraft was the first to introduce an instant macaroni and cheese dinner. The year was 1937 and soon Kraft, during commercial breaks in the Kraft Music Hall radio program, was promising American cooks that a Kraft Dinner was \"A meal for four in nine minutes for an everyday price of 19 cents. In 1937 alone, eight million Kraft Dinners were sold, but their popularity soared tenfold during World War II because they were not only good meat substitutes but also required just one ration coupon. \"Don't hurry, puff and wheeze,\" Kraft Dinner commercials now urged. \"There's a main dish that's a breeze.\"\" ---The American Century Cookbook: The Most Popular Recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 180)", "\"In 1937, the Kraft Food Company which had introduced processed cheese to the world in 1915, released its macaroni and cheese package, known to the world as \"Kraft Dinner.\" As America slowly emerged from the Depression, it became the housewife's friend--a nourishing one-pot meal that could be easily prepared...\" ---American Dish: 100 Recipes from Ten Delicious Decades, Merrill Shindler [Angel City Press:Santa Monica] 1996 (p. 61)", "Macaroni American 1 cup elbow macaroni 1/2 Kraft American 1/2 cup milk 1/2 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce Dash of cayenne Buttered crumbs", "Cook macaroni in boiling salted water; drain. Melt the cheese over low heat in top of a double boiler. Gradually add the milk, stirring well after each addition of milk. Add seasonings. Place macaroni in a casserole and pour the sauce over it, carefully mixing with a fork. Cover with crumbs, or with additional grated cheese. Bake in a moderate oven, 350 degrees, 15 minutes. Spaghetti, noodles or rice may be substituted for the macaroni.\" ---Favorite Recipes from Mary Dahnke's File, Kraft-Phoenix Cheese Corporation [1938] (p. 19). There is a picture of the yellow & blue Kraft Dinner box on the second to last page of this booklet.", "Pasta Primavera Food historians generally agree modern primavera recipes, as we Americans know them today, originated in New York City during the late 1970s. Several articles in the New York Times confirm this was a period when several upscale chefs endeavored to redefine \"Italian Cusine.\" Said cuisine drew on traditional \"Old World\" peasant recipes. They were typically composed of fresh vegetables and lighter sauces. Italian food historians confirm the phrase \"primavera\" in the gastonomic sense, simply means \"springtime.\" In the Italy this term is applied to several dishes incorporating fresh young vegetables.", "\"Pasta primavera. Few people... would disagree that this is America's grandest contribution to the pasta repertoire. And as often happens with truly great recipes, it came about quite by chance. In the late 70s. Here's what Ella Elvin, former food editor of New York's Daily News, had to say about it in the February 1, 1978 paper: Pasta Primavera is a specialty of Le Cirque at 58 E. 65th St. Sirio Macconi, co-owner, says it came onto his menu rather obliquely. He and friends had once had a few fun days of cooking wild boar and lobster in Canada, when his wife served pasta with briefly cooked fresh vegetables. 'It is something we do a lot in Italy,\" says Sirio, 'but on this occasion it tasted spectacularly good to everyone, and then we tried it as an item for friends here at the restaurant. When Paul Bocuse came, we suggested it as an appetizer and he said: 'I want it as the main course. ' It's a matter of using fresh vegetables that are in season'...The pasta is topped with spoonfuls of both vegetable sauces and pepper is ground over the top.\" ---The American Century Cookbook: The Most Popular Recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 191)", "\"Another cream pasta dish that was all the rage in the Seventies was pasta primavera. Craig Claiborne called it \"by far the most talked-about dish in Manhattan\" in 1977. And while this dish was wholly American, it was Italian in feel, and it was rich and creamy. There is no questions that pasta primavera was invented in New York, at Le Cirque restaurant. But whether it was first made by Le Cirque owner, Sirio Maccioni, when he decided to add vegetables to his Alfredo sauce, or by Le Cirque cofoudner Jean Vergnes in conjuction with Le Cirque chef Jean-Louis Todeschini after Vergnes tasted a pasta with vegetables made by friend and cookbook writer Ed Giobbi, is still a matter of debate...This pasta dish held on to its popularity through the Eighties...\" ---Fashionable Food: Seven Decades of Food Fads, Sylvia Lovegren [MacMillan:New York] 1995 (p. 323)", "\"No one denies that there has been a revolution in French food: it is less rich, with fresh ingredients put together in new and different ways. In the last five years heavy sauces have become light and classics such as canard a l'orange and beef Wellington have given way to rare duck breasts and medallions of beef with cranberries. Since New Yorkers probably eat as much Italian food as French, are they finding similar changes in Italian cooking?...Those [new] dishes...are typical of the meals in some of the stylish, sleeky appointed and usually expensive Italian restaurants that have become a fixture of New York. So different is the food form the Italian cooking so long familiar to most of us that there is talk of an Italian nouvelle cuisine...Whether there is such a thing is open to debate...There are some fad dishes...and certainly there is a trend toward lightness. But most of them feel that the foundation of the \"new\" dishes is as old as the Etruscan hills. \"They take old peasant dishes and give them new names,\"...The influence of New York's new Italian cooking extends beyond Italian restaurants. Fresh pasta or osso buco, risotto, or fetuccini with truffles often appear on the menus of Le Cirque, Odeon, the Four Seasons and the Palace. Onece a successful dish appears in one restaurant, it turns up on menus everywhere. Take pasta primavera. \"James Beard called one day and said, 'Alfredo [Viazzi] , I'm afaid your past primavera is all over town!\" ...[Viazzi] takes credit for introducing the dish to New York, although he says it is acutally peasant fare brought up to date. However, Siro Maccioni of Le Circ says that he invented his version seven years ago at a party when he ran out of other ingredients and had to make do with the spring vegetables that garnish the pasta. Perhaps all roads to lead to Rome. Italian chefs like to create dishes on the spur of the moment, and often cook special things for a favorite customer. This can be a mixed blessing.\" ---\"Is There a New Italian Cuisine?\" Moira Hodgson, New York Times, September 30, 1981 (p. C1)", "[1987] \"New York City Style Pasta Primavera Mayor Edward Koch, New York City 2 tbsp. butter 2 tbsp. olive oil 1/4 lb. snow peas (trimmed) 1/4 lb. mushrooms (washed and sliced) 8 asaparagus tips 1 small zucchini (washed and sliced) 1/2 lb. angel hair pasta 2 cloves mashed garlic 1/2 cup good chicken stock 1/4 cup white wine parmesan cheese. 4-6 servings Melt 2 tbsp. butter and 2 tbsp. olive oil in a pan. Add mushrooms and zucchini, toss until coated. Add asparagus and snow peas. Toss over high heat but do not brown. Add garlic and white wine. Cook pasta in boiling water wehn you add white wine to mixture. Cook for 30 seconds to reduce slightly. Add 1/2 cup of chicken stock and simmer for 1 minutes. Season with salt and fresh pepper. Add parmesan cheese to taste. Add vegetable mixture to pasta. Toss over heat. Add more parmesan to taste. Serve very hot in a bowl that will hold pasta and sauce.\" ---The Mayor's Cookbook: The Farvorite Recipes of over 300 Mayors Across the U.S.A., United States Conference of Mayors, Thomas L. McClimon editor [Acropolis Books Ltd.:Washington DC] 1987 (p. 42)", "Ravioli Pasta (in many different shapes and sizes) is an ancient food. It was enjoyed by many peoples in many cultures. Stuffed pasta (ravioli, wonton, kreplach) is likewise a food shared by many cultures and cuisines. Food historians generally agree that stuffed pastas (and related recipes such as lasagna) were probably introduced in Medieval times. Cookbooks confirm European and Middle Eastern medieval pasta dishes could have been sweet (filled with cheese, honey, nuts, and cinnamon) or savoury (filled with meat, pepper, and saffron). Asian wontons were typically steamed or fried and were served with local vegetables. Tomato sauce was not served with pasta products in Medieval times. Tomatoes are a \"new world\" food and were introduced to Europe in the late 15th century by explorers. About pasta.", "\"Ravioli: the archtypal stuffed pasta of the western world, can be presumed to be Italian in origin but had started to appear as far away as England by the 14th century (when the Forme of Cury gave a recipe for rauioles), and was known in the south of France in medieval times. So far as Italy is concerned, the earliest records of ravioli seem to be in some of the 140,000 preserved letters of Francesco di Marco, a merchant of Prato in the 14th century. They are described as being stuffed with pounded pork, eggs, cheese, parsley, and sugar; while in Lent a filling of herbs, cheese, and spices was used. There were both sweet and savoury kinds...\" ---The Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 655)", "\"The small, stuffed Italian shapes such as a ravioli and tortellini (both attested from the middle of the thirteenth century) also had parallels elsewhere, including China (won ton), Russia (pel'meni), Tibet (momo), and in the Jewish kitchen, (kreplachs). It has been suggested that some of the forms may have originated in the Near East and been transmitted in an arc from there, which would certainly be consistent with the general historical pattern.\" ---Food in History, Reay Tannahill [Three Rivers Press:New York] 1988 (p. 236)", "\"The history of ravioli is quite old. Leaving aside for the moment as to whether the Central Asian manti can be considered a ravioli, the earliest evidence we have of ravioli in the Mediterranean is found in the statutes of the Cathedral of Nice in 1233, which report of crosete sui rafiole', a ravioli pie...\" ---A Mediterranean Feast, Clifford A. Wright [William Morrow:New York] 1999 (p. 298)", "\"According to the sixteenth-century Italian historians, we owe pasta stuffed with chopped meat or herbs, cheese or even fish to a peasant woman of Cernusco called Libista...The ravioli of the fourteenth-century cookery books were usually deep-fried, like fritters...in its early days ravioli generally meant a stuffing made of meat, cheese, eggs and herbs wrapped in dough, a dish like modern canneloni...one of the oldest recipes of the kind [1481], for tortelli' in the Assissi manner'. These tortelli' do not even use a dough wrapping for the stuffing; the instructions are simply to roll the chopped meat mixture in flour. This coating of flour, having absorved the fat from the chopped meat, would have coagulated slightly in the hot broth into which the tortelli were put to be cooked...Raviolo were eaten at banquets too, and were clearly very popular in Prato. They were not served alone, but as a garnish to a torta made of several layers of pastry filled with chicken fried in oil, garlic sausage, ravioli stuffed wtih ham, almonds, and dates. Pastry lid covered the whole torta, and it was cooked in the embers.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992(p. 193)", "\"Ravioli. The world may derive form the Latin rabiola...whos shape was imitated in the ravioli, or from ravolgere (to wrap). The city of Cremona claims to have created ravioli. But Genoa claims them, too, insisting the word actually dates to their dialect word for the pasta, rabiole, which means \"something of little value\" and supposedly came from the practice of thrifty sailors who stuffed any and all leftovers into pasta to be used for another meal.\" ---Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 213)", "15th century Italian Ravioli recipe \"Ravioli. Get a pound and a half of old cheese and a little new creamy cheese, and a pound of porkbelly or loin of veal that should be boiled until well cooked, then grind it up well; get well ground fragrant herbs, pepper, cloves, ginger and saffron, adding in a well ground breast of capon, and mix in all of this together; make a thin dough and wrap nut-sized amounts of the mixture in it; set these ravioli to cook in the fat broth of a capon or of some other good meat, with a little saffron, and let them boil for half an hour; then dish them out, garnishing them with a mixture of grated chreese and good spices.\" ---The Neapolitan Recipe Collection, Cuoco Napoletano [Martino], Critical edition and English translation by Terence Scully [University of Michigan Press:Ann Arbor] 2000 (p. 177) [NOTE: This book contains the original Latin text. If you need this ask your librarian can help you obtain a copy.]", "Spaghetti & meatballs Who invented spaghetti & meatballs? The answer to this question depends upon how strictly you want to define these two foods. Both pasta and meatballs [ground meat mixed with cereal/spice fillers, also known as sausage or forcemeat] date back to ancient times. They were foods that evolved independently across many cultures and cuisines. Meat filled lasagne and ravioli were quite popular in Medieval Europe, although they were not served with tomatoes at this time. Tomato sauce was introduced in the 18th century.", "About spaghetti Pasta, in many forms, has been around for thousands of years. In the beginning, ancients rolled pasta by hand into long, flat shapes, similar to modern lasagne. Other shapes became possible/popular as technology advanced. Vermicelli and other long noodles were made in ancient days, though evidence from old cook books suggests they were thicker than the products we eat today. Very thin spaghettis (including angel hair, capellini) were first introduced in the 19th century because they required more sophisticated machines than the pasta presses used in Thomas Jefferson's day for production. Naples, Italy is generally acknowledged for its long tradition of spaghetti making.", "Food historians generally agree that the pasta we know today as spaghetti is a relatively new invention, dating back to the early 19th century. Spaghetti served with meat in tomato sauce most likely originated in Naples. Late 19th and early 20th century American cook books often refer to recipes for spaghetti and meat sauce as Neapolitan spaghetti. The meats used in these recipes are usually ham, sausage and bacon (traditional Italian fare). Recipes for spaghetti and [ground beef] meatballs begin to show up in American cookbooks during World War II.", "\"Spaghetti...commonly said to account for more than two-thirds of the whole annual consumption of pasta, is certainly its most popular form...but by no means the oldest. Indeed, until the introduction of extrusion presses, and especially of the powerful machines which were introduced in the latter part of the 19th century...its production was a laborious business. Macaroni, tubular and hollow, was easier to make without modern machinery, and its name was sometimes used in a generic way for pasta...The names of the Italian spaghetti dishes which are now known worldwide are of relatively recent birth. It might be thought that spaghetti and tomato sauce, perhaps the simplest combination, would go a long way back. However, the first documented tomato sauce for pasta appears in Ippolito Cavalcanti's Cucina teorico pratica of 1839...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 740)", "\"1819--In the Dizionario della Lingua Italiana by Nicol Tommaseo and Bernardo Bellini, the term spaghetto, \"singolare maschile diminutivo di SPAGO\" (masculine, singular diminutive for SPAGO) includes the entry, \"Minestra di spaghetti: che sono paste della grossezza di un piccolo spago e lunghe, come i sopraccapellini\" (spaghetti soup: pasta, the thickness of a small twine and long).\" Professional Pasta [NOTE: site no longer connects, 4 April 2009]", "\"Spaghetti was first produced on a large scale in Naples in 1800, with the aid of wooden screw presses, and the long strings were hung out to dry in the sun. The dough was kneaded by hand until 1830, when a mechanical kneading trough was invented and widely adopted throughout Italy...\" ---Extraordinary Origins of Everyday Things, Charles Panati [Harper Row:New York] 1987 (p. 406)", "Spaghetti in America Many colonial American cookbooks contain recipes for macaroni. Although recipes for sauce were also included, none of these books combined these two ingredients. Tomato [aka tomata sauce] recipes listed in these books were intended for meat, soup or a served as a side dish. Macaroni recipes called for cheese or white sauce. Beginning about the 1880's, American cookbooks began including recipes for spaghetti, some combined with tomato sauce and meat.", "\"Pasta came to America with the early Spanish settlers. In the USA the first notable introduction was due to Thomas Jefferson...However, it was really the massive late 19th-century immigration from Italy, and especially from Naples, which made pasta popualr in the USA. Consequently, N. American ways of preparing pasta are essentially derived from Italian ones, although displaying variations such as spagehtti with meatballs.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 581) [NOTE: this book offers much more information on the history of pasta]", "\"Spaghetti...became as \"naturalized\" as did any Italian-American between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of World War II. It became a repast first accepted by nonconformists...New York's Little Italy, where spaghetti dinner was cheap, filling, and redolent of good flavours not to be found elsewhere...American \"bohemians\" joined Italians in preparing spaghetti in their own kitchens, buying the pasta from immigrant grocers...\" ---American Food: The Gastronomic Story, Evan Jones, 2nd ed.[Vintage Books:New York] 1981 (p. 151-2)", "\"In the beginning (around the turn of the century) Italian-America restaurants did not serve meatballs with their spaghetti. These were added to satisfy Amerca's hunger for red meat.\" ---American Century Cookbook: The Most Popular Recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997(p. 183)", "[1884] Boston Cooking School Cook Book, Mrs. D. A. Lincoln --Spaghetti: boil, serve with cream, or tomato sauce, cheese, and crumbs (p. 309)", "[1902] With a Saucepan over the Sea, Adelaide Keen --Spaghetti (prevailing method all over Italy): chopped ham, onion, stewed tomatoes (p. 144) --Spaghetti (Amalfi): casserole with Parmesean cheese, hard boiled egg yolks & puff paste (p. 145)", "[1922] \"Meat balls and spaghetti A meal that will 'hit the spot' on a cool fall or winter day. Boil 1 package American Beauty Spaghetti until tender (almost 15 minutes). Break 3/8 pound of dry bread into small pieces and put into 3/4 cup hot water, allow bread to soften, then squeeze out water. Put 1/2 pound chuck beef, 1/4 pound shoulder pork and 2 slices onion thru a meat chopper. Mix with bread, 1 beaten egg, 2 tablespoons chopped parsley, 1 1/2 teaspoons salt, 1/8 teaspoon pepper, and 1/4 pound grated cheese. Form into balls. Fry balls in olive oil. Serve with spaghetti and tomato sauce.\" ---display ad, Amerian Beauty Macaroni Products, The Hutchinson News [Kansas], Ocboter 27, 1922 (p. 10)", "[1924] Mrs. Allen on Cooking, Ida Baily Allen --Spaghetti Italian: ground bacon/salt pork, mushrooms, onions in the tomato sauce (p. 178) --Escalloped spaghetti, tomato, and cheese: spaghetti casserole, no meat (p. 179)", "[1944] Good Housekeeping Cook Book --Neapolitan spaghetti with meat balls: ground beef meatballs (p. 388) --Genoese spaghetti: cubed steak, mushrooms & onions (p. 386)", "Commercial production Food historians tell us that the technology for mass- producing pasta and canned tomato products existed in the middle of the 19th century. Primary evidence (cookbooks, food advertisements) confirms spaghetti was prepared and consumed by the American public in the late 1800s and early 20th century. \"Global penetration\" of many Italian food products occured at this time because that's when people from this country immigrated in large numbers to other parts of the world, most notably America. This explains why many of our American pasta/tomato sauce companies were founded in the beginning decades of the 20th century. Pizza has a similar history.", "About canned spaghetti products The earliest print references we find (so far) for USA canned spaghetti products are from the 1910s. This popular product was sold over the years by many companies under different brandnames; some using creative formats.", "[1922] US Patent & Trademark database with registration #0399825 for a product line under the brand name PLEE-ZING, which offered a canned prepared spaghetti products (with and without meatballs) in December, 1922.", "Spaghetti Carbonara Our survey of mid-20th century Italian-American cookbooks identifies several recipes approximating Spaghetti (linguine, noodles, pasta) \"alla Carbonara.\" The closest modern recipe in this creamy-cheesy-egg yolk genre is Fettuccini Alfredo, a USA celebrity endorsed favorite from the 1920s. The primary difference between Alfredo and Carbonara is the latter features bacon or related cured pork product. Curiously (by today's standards), early recipes do not address the origin of the name. We wonder: was that because everyone back then \"knew\" what the name meant? Presumably, the appelation \"carbonara\" was selected for a reason.", "What's in a name? \"Carbonara, alla. \"Charcoal style.\" A Roman pasta preparation usually made with spaghtetti sauce with cream, pancetta, pecorino, and parmigiano onto which a raw egg is dropped and cooked by the heat of the pasta itself. It is then tossed and served with plenty of black pepper. The origin of the name has never been established. Some believe it refers to black spaghetti made with squid ink by Roman cooks in the seafood market, others to a 19th -century radical group called I Carbonari. Still others believe it was a dish created by the coal miners on the mountains betwen Abruzzo and Lazio. Of the name may simply describe the look of the cooked bits of pancetta in the preparation.\" ---The Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 61)", "\"A short while ago an acquaintance told us an amusing story about the origins of spaghetti carbonara, which means spaghetti charcoal-burner-style. It had to do with an American soldier aksing for an egg noodle dish in Italy during World War II. The waiter did not wholly comprehend his request and had the chef prepare him a noodle dish with raw eggs. It still left the origin of the name corbonara unexplained. Now a letter from a reader in Manhattan to contradict the egg noodle history plus an explanation of the name: 'The legend I grew up on was that the dish was created by Garibaldi's troops during the war for Italy's unification in the 1850s, the Risorgimento. Lacking the pther means for cooking, the soldiers prepared their spaghetti over a charcoal fire, hence the name carbonara. Nicholas SA. Osgan of New YOrk has proposed an interesting association of recipe names: 'I don't know why spaghetti carbobara is called carbonara either. Except that, all carbonara dishes, carbonade doe boeuf Flamand, cargbonade de boeuf Provencal, have one common ingredient--a lot of sauteed onions,w hich is the one theing you left out of your spaghetti recipe.' The relation --if any--of carbonara to carbonnades (or carbonades) is something to ponder at a later date. On the other hand, I have never encountered a dish for spaghetti carbonara nor a recipe for it that included onions in large or small amounts. Carbonnades a la flamande, of course, to require almost a smuch weight in onions a s in meat. Carbonnades in the style of Nimes (France) is a stew made with lamb or mutton, and onions, in small quantity, are among the ingredients. They are not predominant, however. A Manhattan reader offers her great-trandmother's theory on the name's origin plus her great-grandmother's recipe: She writes, 'According to my great- grandmother, who is 92 years young and an authority on most things Italian, linguine alla carbonara refers to both a secret society that at one time tried to overthrow the Italian government and to men who work with coal.\" ---\"De Gustibus: Cooking Up True Story of Spaghetti Carbonara,\" Craig Claiborne, New York Times, June 13, 1977 (p. 48) [NOTE: Article includes recipe from the 92 year old Italian grandmother. Let us know if you want it.]", "The earliest (Italian-American) recipe we find for Spaghetti Carbonara was published in 1957. The source may surprise you: Lettitia Baldrige (aka \"Miss Manners\"). Ms. Baldridge traveled in powerful circles both domestically and abroad. Famous for teaching political protocol and mentoring social etiquette, Ms. Baldridge's credentials were impeccable. We have no doubt her recipe, shared below, is authentic.", "[1957] \"Recipes and reunions were among the topics dicussed by Miss Lettia Baldridge of New York City...Under the topic of reunions, Miss Baldridge, an active member of the American Committee on Italian Migration, discussed the implementation of new legistlation recently passed by Congress which permits the reunion of families in America. As a result of the committee's work, 20,000 Italians over and above the quota, will enter the country this year. On the lighter side, it was the recipe for Spaghetti ala Carbonara that Tish Baldridge passed on to John. It was during her three years as secretary to Clare Booth Luce, former United States ambassador to Italy, that Tish acquired many Italian recipes. Made by the Italian women early in the morning, it is heaped into their husbands; lunch pails and still hot, makes a hearty mid-day meal for the working man. Here's the recipe:", "\"Spaghetti Ala Carbonara 1 package of regular spaghetti, added in large kettle of vigourously boiling salted water. Srir constantly with wooden spoon for about eight minutes until the spaghetti is soft. Drain spaghetti thoroughly and return to kettle. Add: 4 raw eggs 1 heaping cup of freshly grated Parmesan cheese 8 pieces of bacon, with grease, fried and broken into pieces. 1/8 cup of butter Lots of freshly grated pepper. Stir and simmer over very low heat for just a few minutes, enough to heat through. Serve while piping hot.\" ---\"Recipes and Reunions,\" Post Standard [Syracuse NY], November 2, 1957 (p. 5)", "[1962] The earliest recipe we find for this dish printed in a USA cookbook is from 1962. The dish (by name, method, ingredients) is absent from Pellegrino Artusi's Italian Cook Book [1945], Maria Lo Pinto's Art of Italian Cooking [1953] and Ada Boni's Talisman Italian Cook Book [1955, sponsored by Ronzoni to promote products].", "\"Spaghetti all Carbonara Spaghetti with ham-egg sauce 3 slices bacon, cut julienne 4 tablespoons butter 1/2 cup julienne-cut prosciutto 2 egg yolks 1 cup grated Parmesan cheese 1 pound spaghetti, cooked and drained Brown the bacon in the butter; mix in the ham until lightly browned. Beat the egg yolks, then stir in 1/4 cup of the cheese. Toss the hot spaghetti with bacon mixture, then immediately with the egg yolk mixture. Serve quickly sprinkled with the remaining cheese. Serves: 4-6.\" ---The Pleasures of Italian Cooking, Romeo Salta [Macmillan:New York] 1962 (p. 78)", "\"The peach was the object of a sort of cult in China, where for poets, sculptors and painters it was a symbol of immortality, despite the fact that it grows on a short-lived tree...Friends gave each other peaches, real or in porcelain, to attest to their affection. The veneration accorded the peach no doubt arose from its ancient and peculiary Chinese character, for it is believed to have originated in China, where it is called tao. Chinese writings contain references to the peach dating form 2000 B.C. (Dubious) and from the fifth century B.C. (trustworthy), including some from the works of Confucious, at least three centuries before we hear of this fruit from anywhere else. Peach trees are found growing wild in China, and I think nowhere else...Chinese world-peach trees are apt to be gnarled and squat, their fruit is small and the pit large, but the flesh is exquisite in flavor. Chinese peach trees breed from seed, which is not the case for peach trees anywhere else in the world, justifying the belief that all peaches except those of China are hybrids, and therefore probably alien to the areas in which they are found. It was long thought that the peach originated in Persia (where it does not grow wild), and indeed its scientific name is Prunus persica, because it was from Persia that the ancient Romans imported the fruit, and from the Romans that we first hear about it. They could not have known that Persia had acquired it, across a good deal of intervening territory, from China, a country whose existence they did not suspect...The Romans could not have known about the peach at the beginning of the second century B.C., for if they had, Cato would certainly have mentioned it; and though the Asian Army brought back many new foods from the East when it returned to Italy in 185 B.C. it is doubtful that the peach was among them. Pliny wrote about it in the first century A.D., called it the Persian apple...and said that the Romans had imported it from Persia for the first time only shortly before--apparently by a very indirect route, for he added that the trees were first planted in Egypt (where we never hear of them again) and then on the island of Rhodes, but bore not fruit in either place...The peach seems never to have achieved a foothold in ancient Grecce, but in Rome several varieties were developed...The peach was not common in Rome either, for Pliny says it was hard to grown in Italy, so the Romans imported it from Persia, which made it expensive.\" ---Food: An Authoritative and Visual History and Dictionary of Foods of the World, Waverly Root [Smithmark:New York] 1980 (p. 327)", "China \"Domestication of the peach (t'ao) is usually placed in temperate China, with most authorities favoring northern and/or western China, especially its hill and mountain regions, including Tibet...The ancient Chinese looked to the west as the home of the peach, and specifically the K'un-lun Shan, those ranges of Central Asia...Whatever the exact time and place of its domestication, the peach has been known in China since great antiquity, wieth remains found in archeological sites in Chekaing that may date as early as the fourth or fifth millennium B.C....Today the peach is a typical crop of northern China...The peach tree has been surrounded with greater mysticism in China than any other plant, cherished for its delicious fruit and beautiful flowers, important in symbolism and ritual, and frequently mentioned in literature and depicted in art...Because of this...the peach deserves first place in any list of classical Chinese fruits. The traditional Chinese viewed the peach as symbolic of long life and immortality, and various dieties and illustrious persons of the past are depicted as carrying the shou-t'ao, \"peach of immortality.\"...The Chinese also considered peach wood...protective against evil spirits, who held the peach in awe. In ancient China, peach-wood bows were used to shoot arrows in every direction in an effort to dispel evil...In modern China, little mysticism is associated with the peach, but on New Year's Eve people sometimes suspended a peach spray over their gates, and used peach brances to sprinkle water on the ground around the house as protection against evil spirits.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry, Frederick J. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1991 (p. 217-8)", "India \"Peach. Prunus persica developed from the same ancestral materials as the cherry, plum, apricot and almond; the diversions occurred somewhere in eastern China, wherre the peach was developed. Xuan Zang pointed out the Chinese origin of the peach during his travels in India in the early seventh century AD, and stated that it was then being brought into India from Kashmir. The Sanskrit name chinani reflects this origin. The Mughals made efforts to grow this semitropical fruit in the country, and by the time of Akbar, according to the Ain-i-Akbari, peaches...are to be found everywhere', while its grafting on plum trees was also being explored.\" ---A Historical Dictionary of Indian Food, K.T. Achaya [Oxford University Press:Delhi] 1998 (p. 180-1)", "Peaches in the New World \"The Romans introduced the fruit [peach] to Europe, and the Spaniards introduced it to the new world. In fact, peaches were growing so widely in eastern North America by the time of the American Revoultion that many assumed the fruit to be an American native.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge Universtiy Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1830)", "How were peaches used in early America? Directions for Cookery/Eliza Leslie [Philadelphia] 1840, lists these peach recipes: Peach sauce Peach leaves (flavoring) Peach kernels (substitute for almonds or bitter almonds, flavoring) Pickled peaches & Peach pickles (Cling or Free Stones) Preserved peaches Peaches for common use Brandy peaches Peach marmalade Peach jelly Dried peaches Peach leather Peach pie Peach custard Peach-water (flavoring) Peach filling (for jelly cake) Peach cordial Peach mangoes", "Pears in syrup Food historians trace the practice of cooking pears in syrup to Ancient Rome and Greece. It continued to be favorite of Medieval cooks. This was an expensive dish, gracing the tables of the wealthy.", "\"The flavor of cooked pears is often improved by the addition of, e.g., red wine, almonds or vanilla.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 590)", "The Romans ate pears, like apples, both raw and cooked. The less exquisite fruits were made into perry, or into pear vinegar...The Byzantines feasted on pears in jelly, pear preserves, pears cooked in wine or in ocxymel (a syrup of vinegar and honey). The Roman spread the cultivation of the pear.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992 (p. 637)", "\"Pears in Greek-Wine Syrup. Pears in Syrup. Take pears and peel them thoroughly. Take good red wine and some mulberries [blackberries] or sandalwood, and put in the pears, and when they are done remove them. Make a syrup of Greek wine or vernage with white powder, or white sugar and powdered ginger, and put the pears in it. Boil briefly and serve...During this period, \"vernage\"--vernaccia in Italian--was produced in the southeastern Mediterrean, on the Tyrrhenian isalnds and in Liguria. Today it is one of the best known wines of Sardinia. It is made in sweet versions that can, like Tokay, attain 15 or 16 percent alcohol, and in dry versions. It is similar in flavor to sherry. This vernaccia should not be confused with Vernaccia di San Gimignano, a dry white wine made...of a different but identically named grape...Wild berries, early-season pears and good wine, all simmered together; then cook pears, translucent and glazed in sweet wine syrup, mounded in a pyramid: this is a lordly dessert. Bright red, amber and dark red merge as the fruit is glazed. Here hue is as important as aroma and flavor, and the blackberries are used more for their color than for their taste; indeed, the recipe offers the alternative of sandalweed, a common medieval \"artificial\" coloring.\" ---The Medieval Kitchen: Recipes from France and Italy, Odile Redon et al [University of Chicago Press:Chicago] 1998 (p. 213) [NOTE: This book contains a modernized recipe.]", "\"Pears in Syrup. This paragraph on preparing pears in a honey syrup appears among a number of similar directions for fruits and vegetables in a \"recipe\" whose general theme is the preserving, or rather conserving, of these fruits and vegetables. The Menagier assimilates pears and turnips; except that turnips should be \"peeled\" and pears should not, he indicates an identical treatment for such. The variety of pear known in the Menagier's day as poires d'angoisse were probably rather hard when ripe, a good cooking pear. A few pages after writing this recipe, the author copies another one for pears cooked in a waterless pot--likely a clay baking pot similar to those available today. These pears he garnishes with fennel seeds cooked in red wine.\" ---Early French Cookery: Sources, History, Original Recipes and Modern Adaptations, D. Eleanor Scully and Terence Scully [University of Michigan Press:Ann Arbor MI] 1995. This scholarly work contains a wealth of information regarding the foods, recipes, and dining customs of Medieval France.(P. 291) [NOTES: (1) \"The Menagier\" is a 14th century French cookbook. (2)Scully's book contains both original recipe and modern adaptation of the recipe noted above.]", "Pepper Black (and white) pepper comes from the dried, unripe fruit of the Piper nigrum plant. It is a tropical plant, native to the East Indies. In ancient times, pepper was prized both as a medicine and food flavoring. Symbolically, pepper was a sign of wealth; practically, pepper was offered as payment and gifts. In early times, to receive a gift of pepper was a great honor. Pepper is also connected with some traditional Christmas foods dating back to Medieval times. Why? Cooks through time saved their most precious commodities for the holidays. Northern European pepperkor and peppernut cookies are of this tradition. Gingerbread and lebkuchen were also made with pepper in these early days.", "\"Peppercorns come in three colours. Unripe, they are 'green'--and green peppercorns began to enjoy considerable popularity from the early 1970s, for the combination of heat, aroma, and soft crunchiness that they brought to sauces, terrines, etc. Picked slightly underripe, dried, and sold without their husks removed, they are 'black'. And fully ripe and dehusked they are 'white'. None of these, incidentally, should be confused with the so-called 'pink peppercorn', for which there was a brief fashion in the early 1980s; this superficially resembles the true peppercorn, but is in fact related to poison ivy.\" ---An A to Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 250)", "\"Peppercorn--piper nigrum is a vine--native to the East Indies...The Greeks and Romans accepted peppercorns as a tribute, and the spice was certainly the basis for much of the \"lure of the east\" that impelled first the Portuguese and then other European explorers around Africa toard the fabled Spice Islands.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1832) [According to this source, pepper originated in prehistoric India.]", "\"Pepper became known in classical Greece around 400 BC; it is first mentioned by the comic playwrights Antiphanes, Eubulus and Alexis and in a Hippocratic text. Dilphius of Siphnos, recommending pepper with scallops in the early third century BC, provdes the oldest positive evidence of the use of pepper as a condiment...Pepper was the quintessential spice of the Indian Ocean trade in Roman times. It was for pepper, more than any other single product, that Roman gold and silver coins were exported to India; pepper, when it reached Rome, was stockpiled as another kind of currency in the treasury an in the horrea piperatoria 'pepper warehouses' built by Domitian. But it was for use as well as for storing. For those who could afford this costly exotic, pepper is called for no fewer than 452 times in the recipes of Apicus.\" ---Fodo in the Ancietn World From A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 254-255)", "\"As several Sanskrit texts show, the use of pepper by the peoples of India goes farther back than that of any other spice. The various forms of its name in the European languages, apart from Spanish...are from an Aryan vocable, pippeli, originating in the valley of the Ganges. The Aryans were the first exporters of wild pepper from the tropical forests of the Indian subcontinent. Unlike cinnamon and indeed all other spices, pepper was used in foods in Europe as soon as it was introduced, around the sixth or fifth century BC, although Hippocrates, the first European writer to describe it, mentions it as a medicament rather than a culinary ingredient...Like all spices, pepper was credited with health-giving properties,especially as a digestive, an aperient, to induce sneezing, and-most important of all-as an aphrodesiac. Its rapid rise to favour is unprecedented among spices. Pliny expresses his surprise at the fact six centuries later in Book XII of his Natural History; its only pleasing quality is its 'pungency', it is bought by weight like gold or silver'...The pepper the Romans like so much was 'long pepper', whereas we now use round pepper, which became popular in the twelfth century and had replaced long pepper by the fourteenth...\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint- Samat [Barnes & Noble:New York] 1992 (p.491)", "\"Pepper, more than any other spice, being stronger and more abundant than the others, came to be seen as a symbol of power and virility, quantities reflected in its powerful and aggressive flavour. The symbolic factor rated high, since in huge amounts, which could hardly all have been consumed, would have been bound to go stale. In the same way, pepper, described as a useful' rent or due, was included among the sources presented to overlords in the Middle Ages, but it was generally specified separately, as a true determinant of workd of the act of vassalage. A French proverb says that something is \"cher comme poiver,\" expensive as pepper. Pepper was often mentioned in dowries and as part of ransoms and fines. These symbolical meanings meet in the pepper in the Christmas 'tax' imposed by Archbishops Bertrand and Rostaing de Noves.\" ---ibid (p. 493)", "\"There are numerous references to pepper by classical authors. Pliny (1st Century AD) describes black pepper minutely, complaining about the price and noting that white pepper cost almost twice as much as black. Pepper was a precious and expensive substance for the Romans...By the Middle Ages, pepper had assumed great importance in Europe where it was used by the rich as a seasoning, and also a preservative...The earliest reference to the pepper trade in England is in the statutes of Ethelred (978-1016) where it was enacted that Esterlings' bringing their ships to Billingsgate should pay a toll at Christmas and at Easter plus 10lb of pepper. The first mention of the Guild of Pepperers, one of the oldest guilds in the City of London, is from 1180...Pepper has been one of the most important commodities of the spice trade. In Antwerp in the mid-16th century...the price of pepper served as a barometer for European business in general...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 595)", "About pepper mills \"Pepper mill...In the 1880s Americans, used to using pepper shakers at the table, seemed to find the French use of pepper mills a novel good idea, for flavor and to avoid adulterated packaged ground pepper. This was about 1880. Many styles of carved or turned hardwood mills were offered in the 1920s...Pepper mill, brass (sometimes copper & brass) cylinder with domed top, longish, slightly bent crank handle in top, very common form. Actually started out sometime in the early 19th C. As a coffee mill, from Persia/Turkey. Usually has decorative bands around part of body...At some point in the 20th C., people either started using them as pepper mills, or making similar ones for that use.\" ---300 Years of Kitchen Collectibles, Linda Campbell Franklin, 5th ed.[Krause Publications:Iola WI] (p. 92)", "Ground pepper in America: \"Pepper was available in the United States in the colonial period, but it was only after the American Revolution that the United States became a player in the global pepper trade. This trade began in 1793 when Jonathan Carnes, a Salem, Massachusetts, sea captain, set sail for the East Indies. He was successful in finding pepper, but on his way home his ship was wrecked off Bermuda. He sailed to the Indies in 1795 on a new ship...and returned with his hold full of peppercorns--which he sold at a 700 percent profit. Others followed and Salem became the pepper port of note in the new United States...In the early nineteenth century some regarded pepper as a cause of insanity. Pepper in any case was shunned by food purists, who thought that the spice should be avoided or, at least, used in moderation. By the past-Civil War period, pepper was considered more acceptable, but it was still to be avoided by children or by those who already had a \"sound digestion\" and did not need condiments.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2004, Volume 2 (p. 254)", "About fresh ground pepper served in American restaurants Our survey of newspapers and magazines indicates the practice of offering freshly ground pepper (at table) to restaurant patrons began sometime in late 1980s. It climaxed in the mid-1990s. By the late '90s, it was old.", "\"Black, white and green peppercorns are readily available in the United States and are best purchased as whole peppercorns. Unfortunately, the most common way pepper is sold in this country is in the ground state. Whole peppercorns will stay fresh for a long time, but ground pepper quickly loses both its aroma and its flavor. Bottled ground white pepper can even start to taste rancid. Using fresh ground pepper is not just a fad started by smart restaurateurs who wanted to improve their salad presentations. Freshly ground pepper can mean the difference between an ordinary dish and an extraordinary one. When a recipe calls for freshly ground pepper, it means pepper ground from a mill by the cook as it is needed. And one of the easiest ways to improve your cooking is to buy whole peppercorns and a pepper mill.\" ---\"Pepper Puts Dishes on More Flavorful Ground,\" JeanMarie Brownson, Chicago Tribune, Feb 22, 1987 (p. 18)", "\"If fresh-gound pepper and grated cheese are offered at one table, we will be sure they are offered to all.\" ---\"Today's Special: Advice for Restauranteurs,\" Patricia Brooks, New York Times, January 2, 1994 (p. CN12)", "\"'Fresh ground pepper' I liked it better when there was just a simple pepper shaker on a table. Then someone came up with the idea of 'fresh ground pepper,' for which there seems to be only one pepper grinder in the entire restaurant. The waiter asks if we would like some as though we are being tempted with saffron or beluga caviar. Once the waiter starts grinding, I've been tempted not to tell him when to stop, just to see how far he would go. Give us either a pepper grinder for each table or give us back the shaker. Incidentally, a bit of semantics: What the waiters are really offering us is 'pepper that is freshly ground,' although we are not sure how fresh the pepper is that is being ground. It just doesn't seem worth the trouble.\" ---\"Disappearing dishes and other pet peeves,\" Errol Laborde, New Orleans Magazine, September 1995, (p. 9)", "Pickled limes Food historians tell us pickles (fruits and vegetables preserved in brine with spices) originated in India. Both limes and lemons were pickled whole. Culinary evidence confirms pickled limes (and lemons) were made by British cooks in the 18th century. These recipes were introduced to North America by English settlers. Early American cookbooks contain many recipes for pickles. Curiously? Very few contain recipes for pickled limes.", "Louisa May Alcott's Little Women suggests pickled limes were fashionable New England treats in the middle of the 19th century. Amy, the youngest March daughter, was quite fond of these. She did not make her own limes, but purchased them from a merchant. In one scene of the book Amy is caught eating these by her teacher. The teacher humiliates Amy by forcing her to throw her beloved limes out of the window, two by two. Passage from Little Women: Amy's Valley of Humiliation.", "Limes \"Lime. An important citrus fruit which seems to have originated in the region of Malaysia. While lemons are the major acid citrus fruits in the subtropics, limes are the most prominent in the tropical regions...It is hard to judge when the lime was first taken into cultivation, since the oldest surviving documents do not distinguish it from the other citrus fruits. An Indian medical work of C. AD 100 refers to both lemon and lime as jambira. The later Arabic and Persian word, laimun and limun seem also to have been used for both; and most modern names for either come from this root. The lime seems not to have been known in classicat times. Although the westard path of the lime in early medieval times is hard to trace, it seems safe to assume that it was carried to Europe by the Arabs; that it was cultivated to some extent in Italy and Spain; and that, because it is better suited by a hotter climate, such is that, soon after the discovery of the New World by Europeans, the lime as introduced there along with other citrus fruits, and that limes quickly became abundant in the W. Indies and C. America, especially Mexico.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 453)", "\"Like most of the other members of the citrus family, the lime (Citrus aurantiifolia) is native to Southeast Asia. It was first cultivated in China and India, then introduced in southern Europe (probably during the Crusades), and carried much later by the Spaniards to the West Indies. The original lime --small, round, and quite tart--is today called the \"Mexican,\" \"West Indian,\" or \"Key\" lime, with its juice deemed essential to Key lime pies. ..The lime and lemon industry of Florida (which provides close to 90 percent of the limes grown in North America) got its start in the 1880s, declined after freezes in the 1890s, and revived after World War I. Limes are very high in vitamin C and figured prominently in warding off scurvy, the dread disease of seamen from the sixteenth through the nineteenth centuries. In the eighteenth century, the British navy issued lime juice to all seamen to keep the disease at bay--hence the nickname \"limeys.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1802)", "[1747] \"To pickel LEMONS. Take twelve Lemons, scape the with a Piece of broken Glass, then cut them cross in two, four Parts down right, but not quite through, but that they will hang together; then up in as much Salt as they will hold, and rub then well, and strew them over with Salt. Let them lay in an earthen Dish for three days, and turn them every Day; then slit an Ounce of Ginger very think and salted for three Days, twelve Cloves of Garlick parboiled, and satled three Day, a small Handful of Mustard-seeds bruised, and searched through a hair-sieve, some red India Pepper, one to every Lemon; take your Lemons out of the salt, and squeeze them very gently, and put them into a Jar, with the Spice and Ingredients, and cover them with the best White Wine Vinegar. Stop them up very close, and in a Month's time they will fit to eat.\" ---The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy, Hannah Glasse, facsimile 1747 edition [Prospect Books:Devon] 1995 (p. 133)", "[1845] \"To Pickle Lemons, and Limes. Excellent. Wipe eight fine sound lemons very clean, and make, at equal distances, four deep incisions in each, from the stalk to the blossom end, but without dividing the fruit; stuff them with as much salt as they will contain, lay them into a deep dish, and place them in a sunny window, or in some warm place for a week or ten days, keeping them often turned and basted with their own liquor; then rub them with some good plae turmeric, and put them with their juice, into a stone jar with a small head of garlic, divided into cloves and peeled, and a dozen small onions stuck with twice as many cloves. Boil in two quarts of white wine vinegar, half a pound of ginger slightly bruised, two oundes of whole black pepper, and half a pound of mustard-seed; take them from the fire and pour the directly on the lemons; cover the jar with a plate, and let them remain until the following day, then add to the pickle half a dozen capsicums (or a few chilies, if more convenient), and tie a skin and a fold of thick paper over the jar. Large lemons stuffed with salt, 8: 8 to 10 days. Tumeric, 1 to 2 oz; ginger, 1/2 lb; mustard-seed, 1/2 lb.; capsicums, 6 oz.\" ---Modern Cookery for Private Families, Eliza Acton, reprint of 1845 London edition with an introduction by Elizabeth Ray [Southover Press:East Sussex 1993 (p. 445)", "[1881] \"Pickled Limes.--Make a brine strong enough to float an egg; stick your limes on two sides with a silver fork; then put them in the brine with a weight on the limes to keep them well under the brine; let them stand in a warm place for a week; they are then fit to eat. You can add some red peppers to the brine.--West India Woman\" ---\"Receipts,\" New York Times, August 7, 1881 (p. 9)", "[1981] \"There are many recipes for pickled lemons and limes. In each you can substitute one for the other. The commonest recipes call for making slits in the fruit without cutting them through. You add salt, which dissolves as it stands. The lemons or limes are left to stand for a considerable period before serving. In India, where pickled lemons and limes--called achar--are served sweet or hot, various spices are added, including cumin, chili pods, mustard seeds, fenugreek and so on.\" ---\"Q & A,\" New York Times, April 1, 1981 (p. C9) [NOTE: achar' simply means pickle, not pickled limes.]", "[2001] \"PICKLED LEMONS 4 thin-skinned lemons, scrubbed and quartered 1/4 cup kosher salt Juice of 8 or 9 lemons In a 1-quart widemouth jar, combine the lemons and the salt. Add the lemon juice to cover the lemons by 1/2 inch. Cover and store at room temperature, shaking the jar twice a week, for two to three weeks. The lemons are ready when the rind is soft. Discard any skin that might develop on the surface of the jar. If you wish to speed up the pickling process, gently heat the quartered lemons before packing them in lemon juice and salt. To heat, arrange the lemon wedges in a single layer in a microwave-safe dish. Cover with plastic wrap and microwave on high for 30 seconds or until the lemons are warm to the touch. Pro ceed as directed above. The lemons will be ready in four to five days.\" ---\"Internet site reveals recipe for Exotic Chicken,\" Geissler Janet, Lansing State Journal, April 9, 2001, Pg. 3D", "Food historians tell us pickles, foods preserved in brine or vinegar, have been known since ancient times. Many foods are treated this way, including vegetables (cucumbers, cauliflowers, onions), fruits (limes, mangoes, watermelon rinds), and nuts (walnuts, butternuts) Recipes varied according to local ingredients and taste. Peppers are a \"New World\" food, introduced to Europe in about the 16th century.", "\"Chili peppers, both the hot and sweet varieties, which came from South America, swept through the Far East and western Europe in the sixteenth century and became very popular in mixed pickles, their vivid colors brightening up those giant jars of vegetables one still sees displayed in shops and markets.\" ---Pickled, Potted, and Canned: How the Art and Science of Food Preserving Changed the World, Sue Shepard [Simon & Schuster:New York] 2000 (p. 97)", "Recipes for pickles are found in 17th and 18th century American and British cookbooks. Recipes for pickled peppers began appearing in the 19th century. As one might expect, there were several recipes. The level of \"heat\" was controlled by the number of seeds left in the pickle. Sample recipes here:", "[1824] \"To Pickle Pepper. Gather the large bell pepper when quite young, leave the seeds in and the stem on, cut a slit in one side, between the large veins, to let the water in; pour boiling salt and water on, changing it every day or three weeks--you must keep them closely stopped; if, at the end of this time, they be a good green, put them in pots and cover them with cold vinegar and a little tumeric; those that are not sufficently green, must be continued under the same process till they are so. Be careful not to cut through the large veins, as the heat will instantly diffused itself through the pod.\" ---The Virginia Housewife, Mary Randoph, originally published in 1824 , with Historical Notes and Commentaries by Karen Hess [University of South Carolina Press:Columbia SC] 1984 (p. 208-9)", "[1844] \"472. Peppers. Take such as are fresh and green; cut a small slit in them; take the seeds out carefully and neatly with a small knife; and wash them. Pour weak boiling water brine over them, and let them stand four days, renewing the brine daily boiling hot. Chop cabbage fine; season it highly with cinnamon, mace and cloves; and stuff the peppers, adding nasturtiums if liked. Sew them up nicely; and turn the same sharp vinegar boiling hot over them, three successive weeks, adding a little alum the lsat. Tomatoes, if green and small, are good pickled with peppers.\" ---The Improved Housewife, Mrs. A. L. Webster [Richard H. Hobbs:Hartford CT: 1844 ] fifth edition, revised (p. 156)", "[1850] \"Peppers. Pick the peppers late in the season, just before they begin to turn red; soak them ten days in a strong brine of salt and water; then, if they have a good green color, remove them from the brine to clear cold water, in which let them soak twenty-four hours; if they have not a good green color, they will get it by a scalding in the brine; drain them, and if you wish them very hot, pack them away whole in cold vinegar; if you wish them very mild, remove their seeds--scraping them out through a slit cut in the side of each pepper, and pack them in vinegar. They ought to be good pickles in eight weeks. You may, also, fill the pepper with red cabbage cut finely; they pour boiling vinegar over them,--when cool, pack them in jars, and they will keep for years.\" ---The Practical Cook Book, Mrs. Bliss [Lippincott, Grambo & Co.:Philadelphia] 1850 (p. 104-5)", "[1857] Bell-Peppbers Pickled. Take fine full-grown bell-peppers. Make a brine in a stone jar of salt and water, strong enough to float an egg; and let the peppers remian in it two days, putting a weight on the cover to keep it down. Then take them out, wash them well in cold water, drain them, and wipe them dry. Cut a slit in the side of each, and extract all the seeds, as if left in, they will be entirely too hot. Through these slits let all the water run out. Put them into a clean stone jar. Boil sufficient of the best cider vinegar, interspersed with the muslin bags of broken-up cinnamon, mace, and nutmeg. Pour it, boiling hot, on the peppers in the jar. Distribute the bags of spice among the peppers, and cork the jar warm. You may stuff the peppers in the manner of mangoes, with pickled red cabbage finely shred, minced onions and minced uccumbers pickled, and seasoned with a little mustard seed, ginger, and mace. Tie up the slit with pack-thread, crossing all round. Fill upt the jars with vinegar, putting sweeet oil on the top. Your mary green bell-peppers in the usual way, with vine leaves or cabbage leaves. All pickles should be kept in a dry place. If you find them mouldy they are not always spoiled. Take them out of the jar, wipe off all the mould carefully, and throw away the vinegar. Wash the jar very clean, scald it, and set it in the sun to purify still more. Make a new pickle with fresh seasoning, and put them into that.\" ---Miss Leslie's New Cookery Book, Eliza Leslie [T.B. Peterson:Philadelphia] 1857 (p. 574)", "[1859] \"Peppers. Take fresh, hard peppers, soak them in salt and water nine days, changing the brine each day. Let them stand in a warm place. Then put them into cold vinegar. If you wish them very hot, leave in the seeds. If not, take out the seeds of the greatest part of them. If peppers are put into the same jar with cucumbers, the entire strength of them will go into the cucumbers, and they themselves will become nearly tasteless. Half a dozen peppers will improve a jar of cucumbers.\" ---The Young Housekeeper's Friend, Mrs. Cornelius [Taggard and Thompson:Boston] 1859 (p. 182)", "[1877] \"Pickled Peppers. Take large green ones (the best variety is the sweet pepper). Make a small incision at the side, take out all the seeds, being careful not to mangle the peppers; soak in salt water one or two days, changing water twice; stuff with chopped cabbage, or tomatoes seasoned with spices as for moangoes (omitting the cayenne pepper), or a mixture of nasturtions, chopped onlins, red cabbage, grapes, and cucumbers, seasoned with mustard-seed and a little mace. Sew up incision, place in jar, and cover with cold spiced vinegar.\" ---Buckeye Cookery and Practical Housekeeping, Estelle Woods Wilcox, originally published 1877 Minneapolis MN [Applewood Books:Bedford MA] 2000(p. 230)", "[1894] \"Capsicums, Pickled. These may be pickled either green or red. They are finest and ripest in the late autumn. It is best to gather the pods with the stalks before they are red, as the rule. Required: capsicums and vinegar to cover them, and a teaspoonful of salt and half an ounce of mace to every quart of vinegar. The vinegar and spice and salt should be poiled together, then pour while hot over the capsicums. They must be tied down with a bladder when cold, and should remain for six weeks before they are untied, as they improve by keeping.\" ---Cassell's New Universal Cookery Book, Lizzie Heritage [Cassell and Company:London] 1894 (p. 1156)", "Pickles What is a pickle? This simple question does not have a simple answer. It all depends upon how you define the word \"pickle.\" Food historians trace the process of pickling (preserving foods in salt/brine or vinegar) back to Ancient Egypt. These peoples were known to have pickled fish and melons. If you mean the pickling of cucumbers (what we Americans usually call pickles today) that practice perhaps dates back to India, about 3,000 years ago. Some food historians say William Beukelz, a Dutch fisherman invented pickled foods in the 15th century. Dill pickles were introduced by German immigrants. Sweet pickles come from Central and northern Europe. Bread & butter pickles are an early 20th century development. Today we have Kool-Aid pickles. In addition to traditional cucumbers, a variety edibles may be pickled. Think: Pickled limes, pickled peaches, pickled eggs, pickled peppers & pickled fish. What else can be pickled?", "When did humans begin pickling food & why? \"We know from Herodotus that in the fifth century B.C. the Babylonians and Egyptians pickled fish such as sturgeon, salmon, and catfish, as well as poultry and geese. (p. 76)...Salt's dehydrating properties could...be applied to almost any food...In the hot southern regions of the Mediterranean, the Middle East and North Africa, fresh vine leaves were parboiled and preserved in jars of brine to make stuffed vine-leaf dishes such as dolma...(p. 93)...Although the word \"pickle\" is used in many different preserving methods, preserving foods in container filled with vinegar is always known as \"pickling.\" ---Pickled, Potted and Canned, Sue Shepard [Simon & Schuster:New York] 2000 (p. 95)", "\"The use of vinegar as a preservative of edibles is very ancient in China and was still common in T'ang times. Vinegar was concocted from a variety of substances, among them rice, wheat, peaches, and grape juice...Sometimes it flavor was enhanced by the addition of such substances as the acidic leaves of the kumquat of south China...This was combined with brine to make the preservative...It was used in T'ang and Sung times for preserving duck eggs, which it turned dark in color. But the most characteristic and traditional Chinese methods of preserving both vegetables and meats involved pickling by such processes as fermentation, hydrolysis, and induced decomposition...A very typical species of pickle was called chiang, which has been aptly translated 'bean-pickle.' ...Pickled vegetables, fermented by microorganisms that thrive on the lactic acid in plant juices, were called tsu...Varieties appear to have been diverse and numerous...The word hai was used in T'angtimes for a very important class of pickled products, which I shall call meat-pickle...The Hsin T'ang shu...gives prominence to deer meat-pickle, rabbit meat-pickle, goat (or sheep) meat-pickle, and fish meat-pickle in the court cuisine.\" ---Food in Chinese Culture: Anthroplogical and Historical Perspectives, edited by K. C. Chang [Yale University Press:New Haven CT] 1977 (p. 113-115) [NOTE: Additional information on specific Chinese pickles may be found in Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry/Frederick J. Simoons.]", "\"A Kannada work of AD 1594, the Lingapurana of Gurulinga Desika, describes no less than fifty kinds of pickles. By far the most important material for pickling is raw mangoes (whole baby fruit, wild mangoes, cut slices, or the hard fibrous avakkai). Others are limes, lemons, small onions, brinjals, chillies, karaunda berries, pork wild boar, prawns and fish...In current practice, it is customary to make use of the fire to make a pickle. Thus mustard seeds may first be fried in the oil of choice; then the mango or lime pieces dressed with tumeric and salt are put in and fried till tender, after which powdered spices (chillies, methi seeds, asafoetida) are added, and the mass mixed thoroughly and put by to mature. There are of course numerous variations.\" ---A Historical Dictionary of Indian Food, K.T. Achaya [Oxford University Press:Delhi] 1998 (p. 186)", "Besides cucumbers, what can be pickled? Historic English and USA cookbooks provide extensive instructions for pickling a wide variety of edibles. Fruits, vegetables, flowers, nuts, meats, fish and shellfish could all be pickled, thus extending their \"shelf life.\" Most cookbooks offer a section specifically titled \"Pickles.\" Catsups and mixed compositions (chow-chow) are sometimes also included. Instructions for pickling meats (ham, bacon, pork) and fish are generally included with the meat recipes, not in the pickle chapter. By World War II, the word \"pickle\" by itself generally implies cucumbers. FoodTimeline library owns the books listed below. If you want any of these recipes please let us know.", "[1682] Cowcumbers [cucumbers], mushrooms, tops of elder, elder bnuds, clove- gilly-flowers, pursland stalks, artichokes, tops of turnips, green figgs, barbarries red, sampier green, stalks of thessel or sherdowns, reddish tops, taragon, cowslips, fennel, dill, red cabbage, burdock roots, lemmon and orange pill [peel], ashen keys, curled endive, charnel, quinces, bramble- fruit, broom-buds, bog-berries, grapes, red and white currans, cabbage stalks, shampinnions, sleep-at-noon, march-mallows, alexander-buts, mallagatoons. ---The Whole Body of Cookery Dissected, William Rabisha, facsimile 1682 edition [Prospect Books:Devon] 2003 (p. 9-10)", "[1792] Walnuts (green, white, black), gerkins, large cucumbers in slices, asparagus, peaches, radish pods, french beans, cauliflowers, beet-root, white plums, onions, lemons, mushrooms (white & brown), codlings, fennel, grapes, barberries, red cabbage, golden pippins, nastertium berries and limes, young artichokes, artichoke bottoms, samphire, melon mangoes, elder shoots in the imitation of bamboo, Indian pickle, or picca lillo [piccallilli], red currants, ox palates, cocks combs, purple cabbage, salmon, sturgeon, mackrel called caveach, mock anchovies, smelts, oysters, cockles or muscles. ---New Art of Cookery According to the Present Practice, Richard Briggs [W. Spotswood, R. Campbell, and B. Johnson:Philadelphia PA] 1792 (p. XV)", "[1875] Artichokes, red cabbage, white cabbage, capsiiums (aka peppers) red, yellow, and green, cauliflower, chillies, cucumbers, french beans, garlic, gherkins, horseradish, Jerusalem artichokes, melons, mushrooms, nasturiums, onions, radish pods, samphire, shallots, tomatoes, walnuts, barberries, beetroot, brocoli, cauliflower, cherries, cranberries, fennel, grapes, lemons, limes, mangoes, oranges, roots. ---Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery with Numerous Illustrations [Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Co.:London] 1875 (p. 547)", "[1899] Red cabbage, catsup (mushroom, tomato), celery sauce, chili sauce, chow-chow, cucumber (sweet, yellow sweet, yellow mustard), gherkins, Indian relish, onions, peppers (red, green), piccalilli, dill pickles (aka salt pickles), nasturtium seed, sauerkraut, tomato (green & sliced with onions). ---Preserving and Pikcling, Gesine Lemcke [D. Appleton and Company:New York] 1899 (p. 114)", "[1913] Tomato butter, crab apple catsup, grape catusp, tomato catsup, mustard catsup, chow-chow, chutney, tomato chutney, Bengal chutney, spiced currants, spiced grapes, lemons, mustard dressing, tomato mustard, crab apples, mushrooms, peaches, yellow, French, mustard, sweet tomatoes, green cucumbers, cherry, India, lemon, chili sauce, chili with celery sauce, celery sauce, tomato sauce, tomato soy. ---American Home Cook Book, Grace E. Denison [Barse & Hopkins:New York] 1913 (p. 534)", "[1936] Beets, beets and caviar, crab apples, ginger watermelon, onions, peaches, dill, garlic, sour sweet, mustard, olive oil, onions, green tomato, uncooked spiced cabbage, watermelon, yellow cucumber. ---Joy of Cooking, Irma S. Rombauer [Bobbs-Merrill Company:Indianapolis IN] 1936 (p. 613-614)", "[1944] Pickles (brined, spour, sweet), chili sauce, corn relish, cucumber onion and pepper relish, curry-cucumber pickles, dill pickles, dixie relish, fruit chili relish, green and red pepper relish, green-timato and onion pickles, mixed mustard pickles, raw-carrot relish, sliced cucumber pickles, sweet pickle slices, sweet tomato pickle. ---Good Housekeeping Cook Book, 7th edition completely revised [Farrar & Rinehart:New York] 1942, 1944 (p. 536-542)", "Dill pickles Dill is indicative of Northern European/Jewish culinary contributions. In documented USA terms, this means late 19th century: 1885, Newspaper ad \"Late Arrivals, German Dill Pickles...\"---Galveston Daily News, September 6, 1885, (p. 3) 19th-early 20th century recipes (search recipe title dill pickle)", "About dill \"Dill. This herb (Anethum graveolens), a member of the parsley family and more aromatic than fennel (a relative), has been pronounced native to central Asia and to southeastern Europe. The name, however, comes from the Norse word dilla, meaning \"lull,\" apparently because the seeds were believed to be good for insomnia. Confusion over the plant's origin is probably inevitable because it grows wild in most temperate regions. The ancient Greeks used dill as a remedy for hiccups as well as for culinary purposes, and it has been a part of Mediterranean cuisines ever since. The Romans credited the plant with fortifying qualities and made certain that gladiators were well fortified with it. As their empire receded, dill remained behind to become seminaturalized in much of northern Europe, although it has to be cultivated in the Scandinavian countries. Today, both dill seed and dill weed are used as seasonings. The aromatic seed heads flavor pickles...sauces, and other foods such as fish, cheeses, and yoghurt. The feathery green leaves (dill weed) have a wonderful aroma when fresh and taste milder than the seeds. The fresh leaves go well in potato and tuna salads. Dried, the leaves lose all their aroma and most of their taste.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas, Volume Two [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000 (p. 1768-9)", "\"Dill is the quintessential northern European herb; its feathery green fronds dot the grey fishmarkets of Sweden, Finland, etc., bearing witness to its symbiosis with fish in Scandinavian cookery. Its name is appropriately Germanic, too: it comes from a hypothetical West Germanic word *diljo, and is found throughout the Germanic languages...It found its way early to North America, and has established a particular niches there as the key ingredient of dill pickles.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 110)", "\"Dill, culinary herb native to the eastern Mediterranean. Texts suggest its use in wreaths and other ritual and sensual contexts more frequently than its incorporation in cooked dishes; the recipes of Apicius, however, call for dill about forty times. it is usually the fresh leaf that is meant, though the seed was also used in cooking. Dill seed is found by archaeobotanists in Roman contexts indicating food use...As an element in the diet dill was regarded as a diuretic and very 'hot'. Dioscorides gives instructions for the making of dill oil, to be used as an ointment.\" ---Food in the Ancient World from A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 117)", "Bread & Butter pickles We're finding not one, but two possible explanations for the name \"bread and butter pickles.\" The first relates to the practical allusion to \"bread and butter\" in the sense of paying one's bills. The second suggests the name deployed from Victorian practice of combining bread and butter sandwiches with pickles. Neither explanation (to us, anyway) appears sufficient.", "The naming theories: (1) \"Q. This year my garden yielded more than 350 pounds of cucumbers, so I spent many days producing pickles, mostly bread-and- butter pickles. What is the origin of that name?", "A.I have been told that the term came about because some home chef made a preparation of sliced cucumbers with vinegar, turmeric, mustard seeds, sliced onion and sugar and sold the bottled pickle slices at a roadside stand. The income they produced was pronounced 'bread and butter' - the earnings for the summer. In the dictionaries bread-and-butter means staple as opposed to fancy and basic or commonplace; the term has a long history in the meaning 'taken as a type of everyday food.'\" ---\"Q&A;,\" The New York Times, January 11, 1984, Section C; Page 14", "(2) \"A CHRISTMAS BEGINNING, By Anne Perry, Ballantine. 190 pp. $17.95 For those unfamiliar with this author, Anne Perry has written nearly 60 books, mostly detective fiction, mostly set in either Victorian England or the bleaker England of World War I...She includes old-time recipes such as \"bread and butter pickles\" and tells us the origin of that condiment's name: Victorian children used to be given slices of bread fried in drippings topped by a pickle.\" ---\"Death Doesn't Take a Holiday,\" Carolyn See, The Washington Post, December 21, 2007, Pg. C07", "The earliest print reference we found in American newspapers for commercially marketed \"Bread & butter pickles\" was this ad published in the Chicago Daily Tribune, June 5, 1925 (p. 14): \"Bread and butter pickles, doz., $4.65; jar, 39 cents.\" Later newspaper ads refer to Fannig's brand Bread and butter pickles. According to the records of the US Patent & Trademark Office Fannig's brand was introduced to the American public in 1923:", "\"Word Mark FANNING'S BREAD AND BUTTER PICKLES Goods and Services (EXPIRED) IC 029. US 046. G & S: PICKLES Mark Drawing Code (3) DESIGN PLUS WORDS, LETTERS, AND/OR NUMBERS Design Search Code 26.03.02 - Ovals, plain single line; Plain single line ovals 26.11.07 - Rectangles with a decorative border, including scalloped, ruffled and zig-zag edges 26.11.25 - Rectangles with one or more curved sides Serial Number 71186224 Filing Date September 26, 1923 Current Filing Basis UNKNOWN Original Filing Basis UNKNOWN Registration Number 0181107 Registration Date March 11, 1924 Owner (LAST LISTED OWNER) CPC INTERNATIONAL INC. UNKNOWN ENGLEWOOD CLIFFS NJ Assignment Recorded ASSIGNMENT RECORDED Type of Mark TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL Affidavit Text SECT 12C. Live/Dead Indicator DEAD\"", "Peach pickles Recipes for peach pickles appear in many 19th-early 20th century American cookbooks. Foodways experts confirm these are favorites in places where peaches are grown, most notably the southern, Appalachian and southwestern states. \"Pickles\" were a way to preserve food for later use. Cookbooks confirm there were two kinds of peach pickles: regular, made with brine and sweet, made with vinegar. Both recipes also use a variety of spices from sweet (cinnamon) to tangy (mustard). Names of these recipes can vary.", "[1747] \"To pickle Peaches. Take your Peaches when they are at the full Growth, just before they turn to be ripe; be sure they are not bruised; then take Spring-water, as much as you think will cover them; make it soft enough to bear an Egg, with bay and common Salt, and equal Quantity of each; then put in your Peaches, and lay a thick Board over them, to keep them very carefulfly with a fine soft Cloth, and lay them in you Glass or Jar; then take as much White Wine Vinegar, as will fill your Glass or Jar: To every Gallon, up one Pint of the best well-made Mustard, two or three Heads of Garlick, a good deal of Ginger sliced, half an Ounce of Cloves, mace, and Nutmegs; mix your pickle well toghether, and pour over your Peaches. Tie them close with a Bladder and Leather, they will be fit to eat in two Months. You may with a fine Penknife cut the a-cross, take out the Stone, and fill them with made Mustard and Garlic, and Hourse-reddish and Ginger; tye them together.\" ---The Art of Cookery Made Plain & Easy, Hannah Glasse, facsimile of the first edition, 1747, [Prospect Books:Devon] 1995 (p. 132)", "[1839] \"Peaches. For pickling, select large plum peaches that are ripe, but not the least soft. Wipe off the fuzz with a cloth, put them in a strong salt water, and let them stand for ten days; then soak them in fresh water two or three days, to draw out the salt, shifting the water every day. Put them in a jar, strewing between each layer a small handful of sugar, a few cloves, and a little powdered cinnamon, and cover them with the best vinegar, Firm clingstone peaches may be kept a year or two in strong brine, as directed for cucumbers, and pickled in the same manner. They look very pretty when pared, and colored pink with beet juice or chochineal.\"", "\"Peach Mangoes. Take fine large freestone peaches, that are ripe, and rather farinaceous; split them open, extract the stones, and fill them with equal portions of cloves, cinnamon and whole msutard seeds. Tie them together again with twine, put them in a jar, disseminating between each layer some sugar, whole mustard seeds, slips of lemon peel, and cloves; cover them with good vinegar that is colored pink with cochineal, and cork the jar securely.\" ---The Kentucky Housewife, Lettice Bryan, facsimile 1839 edition [Image Graphics:Paducah KY] (p. 184-5)", "[1897] \"Sweet pickle peaches--No. 1 1 pound peaches (clingstone are best) 1/2 tablespoonful mace, 3/4 pound brown sugar, 1 tablespoonful cloves, 1/2 pint water, 1 pint good vinegar. Make the sugar and water into a syrup; put in the spices; when it boils, put in peaches and cook until the peaches can be pierced with a straw. Remove the peaches, and add the vinegar, and cook for ten or twelve minutes longer and pour over the peafches. Put into an earthen jar, and be sure it is covered so that all air is exlcuded.\" ---The Warm Springs Receipt-Book, E.T. Glover [B.F. Johnson Publishing Co.:Richmond VA] 1897 (p. 376)", "\"It's the yin and yang of the condiment world. A blending of color and flavor that almost defies description. Almost. It is called the Kool-Aid Pickle and, really, that describes it perfectly. I know the look on your face right now (it's not pretty, by the way), because I saw it on my wife when I announced that I was going to make up a batch of Kool-Aid Pickles. The fact that she had no idea what a Kool-Aid Pickle was in no way diminished her reaction. \"I don't even like pickles. I'm not trying it; it sounds horrible,\" she said. \"You like sweet and sour pork,\" I replied in something of a non sequitur. \"OK, I'll try it. But only one bite.\"... The first time I ever heard of a Kool-Aid Pickle was in a Page Three article in this newspaper a few weeks ago. It was relaying a story that ran in the New York Times and was picked up by media outlets around the world. The recipe apparently has its origins in the region around the Mississippi Delta but, thanks to the New York Times and the Internet, it is spreading to other parts of the country (and the world), including my house. It may be giving it more credit than it deserves to call it a recipe. To create a Kool-Aid Pickle, you simply marinate dill pickles in your favorite flavor of Kool-Aid — Tropical Punch seems to be the preferred variety. The recipe I followed said I should pour out the brine from a jar of dill pickles, replace it with the Kool-Aid, then let it soak for a few days. Judging by what I saw on the Internet, other people totally submerge the pickles in what appears to be a bucket of the drink mix.\" ---\"Kool-Aid livens up family pickle jar,\" Ventura County Star (California), May 31, 2007, Community section (no page provided)", "Here is the original New York Times article: \"A gallon jar of pickles sits near the register at Lee's Washerette and Food Market, a mustard-colored cinder-block bunker on the western fringe of this Mississippi Delta town. Those pickles were once mere dills. They were once green. Their exteriors remain pebbly, a reminder that long ago they began their lives on a farm, on the ground, as cucumbers. But they now have an arresting color that combines green and garnet, and a bracing sour-sweet taste that they owe to a long marinade in cherry or tropical fruit or strawberry Kool-Aid. Kool-Aid pickles violate tradition, maybe even propriety. Depending on your palate and perspective, they are either the worst thing to happen to pickles since plastic brining barrels or a brave new taste sensation to be celebrated. The pickles have been spotted as far afield as Dallas and St. Louis, but their cult is thickest in the Delta region, among the black majority population. In the Delta, where they fetch between 50 cents and a dollar, Kool-Aid pickles have earned valued space next to such beloved snacks as pickled eggs and pigs' feet at community fairs, convenience stores and filling stations. And as their appeal has widened, some people have seen a good business opportunity. Even the lawyers have gotten involved. Children are the primary consumers, but a recent trip through the region revealed that the market for Kool-Aid pickles is maturing...Billie Williams, 56, a special-education teacher at Carver Elementary, never saw one when she was a child. But she did eat dill pickles impaled on peppermint sticks, and she remembers how friends sucked the juice from cut lemons through peppermint sticks repurposed as straws. ''That's the same kind of taste,'' she said. ''Same as how they used to dip pickle spears in dry Kool-Aid mix for that pucker.'' The school sells Kool-Aid pickles from the popular red flavor family at its fund-raisers. ''They're easy to make a gallon,'' Ms. Williams said. ''You pull the pickles from the jar, cut them in halves, make double-strength Kool-Aid, add a pound of sugar, shake and let it sit --best in the refrigerator -- for about a week. The taste takes to anything. A while back I made a mistake and bought a jar of pickle chips instead of halves or wholes. Came out fine. This whole Kool-Aid pickle thing is going so good, you wonder why somebody hasn't put a patent on them.'' No patent application has been filed, but the name Kool-Aid is a trademark owned by Kraft Foods. Upon learning of the pickles, Bridget MacConnell, a senior manager of corporate affairs at Kraft, recovered, and then pronounced, ''We endorse our consumers' finding innovative ways to use our products.''...At the Stephensville Mini-Mart, set amid the cotton fields and catfish ponds between Shaw and Indianola, the owner, Hugh Davis, began stocking Kool-Aid pickles earlier this year at the behest of local children. ''They're not for me,'' said Mr. Davis, 66. ''It's the kids who've done it. They'll create a line of food for you; they'll dab a little something here and there and make it their own. They're good at inventing.'' Recently, some Delta grocers began selling jars of ready-made pickles. And entrepreneurs are emerging. At Lambard's Wholesale Meats in Cleveland, Allen Williams sells plastic gallon jugs of Best Maid dills, plastered with the Kool-Aid packs that denote the flavor within. (Mr. Williams declined to reveal who actually makes his Kool-Aid pickles.)\" ---\"A Sweet So Sour: Kool-Aid Dills,\" John T. Edge, The New York Times, May 9, 2007 (p. F1)", "About cucumbers: \"Cucumbers are generally believed to have originated in India...they have been cultivated throughout western Asia for at least 3, 000 years. From India, the cucumber srpead to Greece and Italy-where the crop was significant in the Roman Empire-and slightly later to China and southern Russia. In Classical Rome, Pliny reported greenhouse production of cucumbers by the first century, and the Emporer Tiberious was said to have had them at his table throughout the year. Cucumbers probably were diffused into the rest of Europe by the Romans and later throughout the New World via colonialism an indigenous trade networks.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Conee Ornelas, volume 1 [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000 (p. 305)", "\"The Curcurbitacae are spread all over the world with different genera originating in different places and there is a great deal of confusion as to which ones were known to the Greeks and Romans, the translators of whos works refer to them as melons, pupkins, marrows, gourds, but offer few clues as to what these really were...Calabashes were found in Twelfth-Dynasty Egyptian tombs, and their use as bottles or containers for both wine and toilet waters was known to early Greek and Roman writers incuding Theophrastus and Pliny, who says that both the flesh and the stalk were eaten, and that in order to reach the flesh the rind had first to be scraped off. Calabashes could also be preserved in brine like cucumbers...\" ---Food in Antiquity, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell, expanded edition [Johns Hopkins University Press:Baltimore] 1998 (p. 125-6) [NOTE: this book has much more information on your topic...too much to paraphrase. Ask your librarian to help you find a copy.]", "\"It is often said that the cucumber is the kischschium, one of the fruits of Egypt regretted by the Israelites in the desert. However, I do not find any Arabic name among the three given by Forskal which can be connected with this, and hitherto no trace has been found to the presence of the cucumber in ancient Egypt.\" ---Origin of Cultivated Plants, Alphonse De Candolle [Hafner:New York] 1959 (p. 266)", "\"Cucumber. Three species of \"cucumber\" are mentioned in the Bible and in rabbinic literature: kishu'im, pakku'ot and the yerokat (or yerikat) ha-hamor. (1) Kishu'im: only the plural form occurs in the Bible, but the singular, kishut, occurs in rabinnic literature. The reference is to the chate cucumber. (Cucumuis melo, var. Chate) which appears frequently in pictures from ancient Egypt. It was an important crop and a favorite food there which explains the yearning of the Children of Israel for them during their sojourn in the wilderness.\" ---Encyclopedia Judaica, volume 5 [MacMillan:New York] 1971 (p. 1151)", "About watermelons \"Archaeological data suggests that they [watermelons] were cultivated in ancient Egypt more than 5,000 years ago, where representations of watermelons appeared on wall paintings and watermelon seeds and leaves were deposited in Egyptian tombs.\" ---Kiple & Orneals, (p. 306)", "\"The ancient Egyptians cultivated the water-melon, which is represented in their paintings. This is one reason for believeing that the Israelites knew the species, and called it abbatatchim, as is said; but besides the Arabic name, battich, gatteca, evidently derived form the Hebrew, is the modern for the water-melon. ---De Candolle (p. 263)", "So...did Cleopatra eat cucumbers or not? The confusion surrounding the history of cucumbers and pickles is the result of conflicting linguistic and archaelogical evidence. Food historians generally agree that some members of the cucurbit family (including melons, watermelons, cucumbers etc.) originated in India approximately 3000 years ago. There is solid evidence that Egyptians ate watermelons. They were also known to have preserved food by pickling (salt, not vinegar.) If Cleopatra ate pickles they were most likely watermelons soaked in brine rather than the spicy cucumber/vinegar mix we know today.", "Plasmon Our survey of historic newspapers reveals Plasmon brand food products [UK] were introduced in the early 20th century. Originally marketed as a \"health\" food for invalids and children, the base product was a granulated powder composed of \"albumen of pure fresh milk.\" This flavor-free nutritional supplement was promoted to consumers as both sprinkle-on enhancement and cooking ingredient. Before long, the Plasmon product line encompassed a variety of products: tea, cocoa, chocolate and biscuits. Plasmon Biscuits were mass produced and sold in the UK, USA, and UK-affiliated countries. They were also sold to the military for rations. Ernest Schackleton's Antarctic Nimrod Expeditions (1907-1909) munched Plasmon Biscuits. Plasmon was also incorporated into popular recipes.", "What was Plasmon? \"Plasmon is the albumen of pure fresh milk in the form of a dry, soluble, granulated ream white powder.\" ---Plasmon Cookery Book, International Plasmon Ltd. [London] 1904 (p. 9)", "[1900] \"Plasmon Biscuits.--Plasmon is nothing but the dry concentrated albumen of milk, and it is said that a few plasmon biscuits will keep a soldier well nourished for days. It is used in the German army, and the scientist, Professor Virchow, says that it is unrivalled. 'The new nutriment' has solved the problem of feeding armies in the field; it has solved the 'starving school-children' question, for a slice of plasmon bread--cheap as ordinary bread--with a little butter will supply a child with the nourishment of an ample meal; and, farther, it has solved many of the problems of the hospital, for it gives nourishment without raising the temperature in enteric cases to important. This magic food appears in all sorts of forms, and the plasmon powder is said to be a sovereign remedy for indigestion.\" ---\"Plasmon Biscuits,\" The Church Weekly [London UK] July 13, 1900 (p. 556)", "[1903] \"Who says nourishment? Plasmon. Real nourishment. Gives health, strength, endurance. Plasmon is real nourishment, Plasmon is the nutritive element of pure fresh milk. All foods contain some nourishment, but not sufficient. That's why you have to eat large quantities, and so ruin your digestion and your health. Plasmon added to food increase the nourishment enormously. One teaspoonful of Plasmon added to your breakfast and one to your dinner is sufficient. The cost 5 Cents A Day. For five cents a day you ensure long life in health and strength. Cook Plasmon in your ordinary food. In packages 15 cents, 30 cents and 50 cents. At grocers' and druggists'. Full directions on every package. Plasmon Co. of America, 116 Broad Street N.Y. City. Factory: Briarcliff Manor, N.Y..\" ---display ad, New York Times, August 13, 1903 (p. 6)", "[1904] The company produced the Plasmon Cookery Book in 1902-1904. [FT Library owns the 1904 edition. Happy to scan/supply recipes upon request.]", "[1905] \"Contractors to H.M. Government, Plasmon...Plasmon tea, Plasmon arrowroot, Creamy Plasmon oats, Dainty Plasmon biscuits, Delicious Plasmon Cocoa, Nourishing beef Plasmon, Plasmon luncheon packets, Sustaining Plasmon chocolate...Aids Digestion, Braces the Nerves, Invigorates the System.\" ---display ad, Black & White--supplement [London] March 11, 1905 (p. 356) [NOTE: The ad indicates this product combats diabetes, gout, indigestion & rheumatism.]", "[1909] \"Plasmon is an unequalled Phosphatic Nerve and Brain Food Containing The Organic Salts and Phosphorus of Milk in a natural state of combination and in a greater degree than any other milk product. Plasmon contains a natural sufficiency of organic phosphorus without the need of artificial addition of phosphates. Plasmon added to food increased the nutritive value enormously-- Lancet...Of all chemists, grocers and stores...Plasmon Lts. of Farrington Street, London, Eng.\" ---display ad, The Times of India, August 18, 1909 (p. 8)", "[1910] \"Plasmon--the Food. 'Plasmon contains nearly four times as much proteid as fresh butcher's meat and nearly 20 times as much as pure fresh milk.'-- Medical Press and Circular...'We used Plasmon preparation continually during the National Antarctic Expedition, and one of our sleighing parties practically lived on Plasmon'--Commander E.H. Shackleton, R.N....'Three years ago my wife could not take anything till Dr.--- advised me to get her Plasmon Food. Cocoa and Biscuits, and she simply lived on them for months. She is now better than she has ever been.'--Mr.---Plasmon is used by the Royal Family. Plasmon, Plasmon Cocoa, Plasmon Chocolate, and Plamson Biscuits...Plasmon Ltd. London.\" ---display ad, Times of India, August 31, 1910 (p. 8)", "[1911] \"Plasmon: a yellowish powder obtained by treatment of the curd of skimmed milk. It contains about 75% protein and is used principally in special dietaries for invalids.\" ---The Grocers Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [National Grocer:New York] 1911 (p. 488)", "[2013] According to the records of the UK Intellectual Property Office, Plasmon brand foods are still in production [Trade Mark 279405]. The current brand holder is Heinz Italia SpA. We have no way to tell how the current biscuits compare with those made in the early 20th century.", "Pomegranates \"The pomegranate tree...is an ancient tree native to the Middle East (probably Iran). Along with olives, figs, dates, and grapes, the pomegranate was (some 5,000 to 6,000 or more years ago) among the first fruits to be cultivated. Because pomegranates are hardy and easily transported, they were widely known in early times, even in regions where they could not be grown. From Mesopotamia, the pomegranate spread out to be cultivated in ancient Egypt, India, Afghanistan, and China, and reached Europe at a very early date. The fruit became important in ancient Greek mythology and was mentioned in early literature, including the Bible...The name \"pomegranate\" translates literally as \"apple with many seeds.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume 2 (p. 1837-8)", "\"Pomegranate, Punica granatum, the fruit of a small tree which is native to Iran and still grows wild there. The trees are small; evergreen of deciduous according to climate; and very long lived. The seed is distributed by birds which eat the fruit. The pomegranate was well known in ancient Egypt. The Israelites in the desert regretted the refreshing fruit they had left behind them, so that Moses found it necessary to asure them that they would find it again in the Promised Land (Deuteronomy 8:8). The fruit was known to the ancient Greeks and is mentioned in Homer, but it seems to have reached the Romans more circuitously via Carthage (Punis) in N. Africa...Although the pomegranate has been cultivated and appreciated since antiquity, these seeds and the fact that the fruit is labourious to consume have held it back from universal popularity...Spanish sailors took the pomegranate from the Mediterranean region, where it had long been cultivated, to America. It was a useful fruit for sea voyagers since its hard skin helps it to keep well. It became established in the south of the USA and the, in the 18th century, in California. The fruit had also spread eastwards, to India and China. The first mention in Indian literature is of the 1st century AD...In China the fruit was grown in the warm south and sent to colder regions as an exotic delicacy.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 617-8)", "\"Pomegranate, segmented fruit whose juice can be drink and seeds had many medicinal uses in the classical world. The pomegranate, native to Iran, was familiar in Egypt by the mid second millennium BC: its unmistakable shape appears frequently on wall paintings from then onwards. By the beginning of the archaic period it was well known in Greece. It is one of the fruit trees that characterizes the orchards of Alcinous in the Odyssey. By then the pomegranate was evidently spreading further west: it is represented by archaebotanical finds in southern France in the last few centuries BC...Early medical authors distinguished three kinds of pomegranate by their juice, respectively sweet, winy and acid; they prescribed the juice and also other preparations. Pomegranates were perhaps more significant mythologically than in the diet. They were offered to the Phoenician goddess Astarte, and to several Greek goddesses. Persephone, while in the underworld, is said to have sucked on pomegranate seed, and thus to have condemned herself to remain there for a third of every year.\" ---Food in the Ancient World from A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 266)", "\"Pomegranates first reached Britain from southern Europe in the thirteenth century, and they were to remain for many centuries an expensive luxury, used sparingly and mainly for decoration. In the earliest references to it in English it is called the poumgarnet, perhaps a conscious allusion to the fruit's deep red seeds...\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 261)", "\"Myths and legends of the pomegranate reveal that the ancients both recognized and revered this fruit. The plant comes from Southeast Asia, and the fruit itself appears in myths of many lands, particularly of India, China, Mesopotamia, Greece, and Rome. The pomegranate had distinct characteristics that beckoned mythmakers to assign it significance. It attracted attention because of its crownlike blossom, its red color, and perhaps most importantly, its many seeds, which people all over the world linked to fertility and procreation. Ancient mythmakers elevated pomegranates to high status, attributing symbolic significance to all of these traits.\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC- CLIO:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p. 181) [NOTE: This book contains far more information than can be paraphrased here. Ask you local public librarian to help you find a copy.]", "\"Poppy. The flower of various plants of the genus Papaver, of which P. Somniferum ssp somniferum is notorious as a source of opium. The same species provides edible leaves and pleasantly flavoured seeds which, when mature, are not narcotic and are pressed to make a salad or cooking oil...When the poppyseed ripens, the narcotic substances change into harmless forms. The blue-grey seed of the cultivar Hungarian Blue-Seeded is the one most commonly used in Europe, especially in baked goods (such as the Silesian specialty Mohntorte...and they are commonly sprinkled on top of breads, biscuits, and cakes in Germany, E. Europe, and countries of C. Asia. Poppyseeds are also used as a flavouring in some egg, potato, and pasta dishes. Indian poppyseed (usually of the cultivar White Persian) is much smaller and off-white, and serves to thicken sauces and curries. Toasted poppyseed, which has a nutty flavour, is often used in spice mixtures.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 622)", "\"The seeds of the opium poppy have been used as a spice for at least 2,600 years: poppy-seed bread' was first mentioned, so far as we know, by the archaic Greek poet Alcman, and poppy seeds are still sprinkled on bread in just the same way. At the grandiose banquet of Trimalchio', centrepiece of Petronius' great Roman novel Satyricon, a row of dormice, glazed in honey and rolled in poppy seeds' is among the tastier of the hors d'oeuvres...Like coriander and cumin, poppy is one of the spices that have gradually spread eastward from Europe. Poppy differs from those two, however, in that European states have in the last two centuries taken a very close interest in the growing of the opium poppy in certain other countries, not of course, because of the market in poppy seeds by because of the demand for opium and its derivatives, morphine and heroin.\" ---Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices, Andrew Dalby [University of California:Berkeley] 2000 (p. 135)", "Ancient culinary applications Bread \"Both Greek and Latin sources agree that poppy seeds were sprinkled on bread before baking; white of egg was used to bind the seeds to the crust.\" ---Food in the Ancient World, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 268)", "\"All three aromatic seeds, sesame, poppy and flax, were all being used to garnish loaves around 600 BC, when the Spartan poet Alcman happened tot list them in a passage quted by Athenaeus: Poppy-seed loaves are mentioned by Alcman in book V:'Seven couches and as many tables crowned with poppy-seed bread, with flax-seed bread and sesame bread and, for the girls, buckets full of khrysokolla', these being a sweetmeat made of honey and flax-seed'. (Alcman 19 [Athenaeus 111a]).\" ---Siren Feasts: A History of Food and Gastronomy in Greece, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 1996 (p. 51)", "\"The Romans made fine white bread, black bread, leavened bread, flatbread for sailors, and breads variously flavored with poppy, anise, fennel, celery, and caraway seeds.\" ---A Taste of Ancient Rome, Ilaria Gozzini Giacosa, translated by Anna Herklotz [University of Chicago:Chicago] 1992 (p. 16)", "Ancient texts do not contain recipes. They do, howevever, provide detailed food descriptions and lists of ingedients. Some culinary experts recreate these recipes based on historic precepts and modern knowledge. This is a complicated task requiring advanced skills. One such recipe here: \"Poppy seed biscuits. They are nothing but laterculi: sesame seeds, poppy seeds, wheat flour and chopped nuts.'[Platus: The Little Carthaginian] ---Roman Cookery: Ancient Recipes for Modern Kitchens, Mark Grant [Serif:London] 1999 (p. 106-7)", "Pork & beans When and where did pork and beans originate? Excellent question! Ancient cooks were known combine salt-preserved meat with legumes. Medieval cooks typically added sweeteners and spices. Many of these old recipes combined peas with pork, both readily available to the average person. In England, this was known as pease puddung (pottage). This Italian recipe from 1475 is fairly typical:", "\"Dish Made from Peas. Let peas come to a boil with carob. When they are taken form the water, put in a frying pan with bits of salt meat, especially that balanced between lean and fat. I would wish, however, that the bits had been fried a little beforehand. Then add a bit of verjuice, a bit of must, or some sugar and cinnamon. Cook broad beans in the same way.\" ---Platina: In the Right Pleasure and Good Health, A Critical Edition and Translation of De Honesta Voluptate et Valetudine, by Mary Ella Milham [Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies:Tempe AZ] 1998 (p. 325)", "Pork and beans also played a significant role in American cowboy meals and pioneer dinners. The ingredients were portable, nutritious, and filled the belly. Mass-produced canned foods were made possible during the mid 19th century industrial revolution. Many new food companies embraced this technology. Gilbert Van Camp, Van Camp Packing Company of Indianapolis was one of the first to can pork and beans. Van Camp is now owned by Conagra.", "Colonial fare \"Boston baked beans. A dish of navy beans made with molasses and salt pork or bacon. Some argue that baked beans were introduced to the colonists by the Indians, but novelist Kenneth Roberts, in an essay on \"The Forgotton Marrowbones,\" prionted in Marjorie Mosser's Foods of Old New England (1957), argues that baked beans had long been a traditional Sabbath dish among North African and Spanish Jews, who called the dish \"skanah.\" Roberts also cites Riley's Narrative (1816) by James Riley as a source and supposes that New England sea captains brought the idea home with them from Africa. Nevertheless, the dish clearly became associated with Boston, whose Puritan settlers baked beans on Saturday, served them that night for dinner, for Sunday breakfast with codfish cakes and Boston brown bread, and again for Sunday lunch, because no other cooking was allowed during the Sabbath, which extended into Sunday evening...Baked beans of this kind were first canned in 1875 by the Burnham E. Morrill Company of Portland, Maine, for local fishermen...\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 36)", "\"American cookery was heavily influenced by English and German practices. Pork and beans, a traditional Saturday meal of New England, declined in popularity during the mid-19th century but gained a new identity when someone thought of canning it, to give the ancestor of modern baked beans. Molasses is used as a flavouring in this dish; it was also important as a condiment for pork in general. Sweet ingredients are characteristic of American pork cookery...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 624)", "\"...pork was America's first important meat from domestic animals, and would remain the country's most common meat for three centuries. Pigs and chickens were, of course, the easiest meat to carry to the New World by ship, and provided forever the advantage that if unfavorable winds prolonged the voyage, they could be killed on the way to provide fresh meat for sailors and passengers.\" (p. 59) \"A frequent criticism of the American diet in the early nineteenth century is that Americans knew no other meat than salt pork...It is possible, however, that this observation on the monotony of one category of American foods has been a trifle overworked. It is true that Americans did eat a good deal of salt pork, another reason why the American sweet tooth developed to such inordinate proportions: \"So much salt pork was eaten by so many Americans in the 19th century,\" Dale Brown wrote in American Cooking, \"That molasses, the most popular of sweeteners, was regularly used to subdue the briny taste.\"\" (p. 131) ---Eating in America: A History, Waverly Root and Richard de Rochemont [Morrow:New York] 1976", "Pork & Beans as Cowboy food When it comes to dried beans it seems hard to believe that chuck/cowboy cooks had adequate time/cooking facilities to prepare such food. They required hours of soaking before they could be prepared for dinner. But! History reminds us never to underestimate the ingenuity of a dedicated cook. These people were revered for their energy, abundance and creativity. It is quite likely the experienced cowboy's cook knew how to adjust his methods for cooking beans to have meals ready at the appointed time. The most feasible explanation is that the cook started soaking his beans the night before. Did you know? Charles Goodnight & Oliver Loving (from Texas) are credited with inventing the chuckwagon in 1866 in order to accomodate the gustatory needs of American cowboys.", "\"By mid-afternoon it was not unusual for the cook driving the chuck wagon to push on ahead to the night's campsite.\" ---Cowboy Culture: A Saga of Five Centuries, David Dary [Knopf:New York] 1981 (p. 191)", "\"According to J. Frank Dobie in Up the Trail From Texas, the chuck wagon, the traveling commissary from which the trail-driving cowboys and horse wranglers were fed, appeared to be a good many years after the fist post-Civil War drives....The chuck wagon itself evolved from the cart, sometimes driven by oxen, which carried the personal gear of the crew and the trail boss, and a few pots of beans cooked on the overnight stops...On the drives, the cook hurried the chuck wagon forward past the slow-moving cattle to set up at the next planned stopping place and have food ready for the drivers when the her arrived. He needed a good head start to give him time to bake the omnipresent red Mexican beans )\"prairie strawberries,\" the cowboys called them).\" ---Eating in America: A History, (pps. 199-200)", "\"The first wagons on the trail did not have built-in chuck boxes, but they had plenty of room for iron pots containing cooked beans. Beans for supper had to be cooked the preceding night.\" ---Up the Trail, J. Frank Dobie [Random House:New York] 1955 (p. 98) [NOTE: This [children's] book has an entire chapter on \"The Cook and His Chuck Wagon\"]", "[1847] \"Pork and Beans Take two quarts of dried white beans, (the small ones are best,) pick out any imperfections, and put them to soak in cold water, more than to cover them, let them remain one night; the next day, about two hours before dinner time, throw off the water; have a pound of nicely corned pork, a rib piece is best; put the beans in an iron dinner-pot; score the rind or skin of the pork, in squares or diamonds, and lay it on the beans, put in hot (not boiling) water to them, add a small dried red pepper, or a saltspoon-ful of cayenne; cover the pot close, and set it over a gentle fire for one hour; then take a tin basin, or earthen pudding-pan, rub the inside over with a bit of butter, and nearly fill it with the boiled beans, lay the pork in the centre, pressing it down a little; put small bits of butter over the beans, dredge a little flour oer them, and the pork, and set it in a moderately hot oven, for nearly one hour...\" ---Mrs. Crowen's American Lady's Cook Book, Mrs. E. L. Crowen [New York] (p. 115)", "About Navy beans What we now know as the Navy bean existed long before the U.S. Navy. It is a new world food that was cultivated and cooked by Native Americans. The military moniker? Food historians tell us the name was a result of this bean's recognition and utilization by the U.S. Navy for its nutritious, versatile, and portable properties. History notes here:", "\"Navy bean...Also called \"pea bean\" or \"beautiful bean.\" The navy bean is one of several varieties of kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris). The name comes from the fact that it has been a standard food of the United States Navy since at least 1856, despite an old popular song that claims that \"the Navy gets the gravy, but the Army gets the beans.\" ---The Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 216)", "\"Navy bean...also called the \"pea bean,\" the navy bean is of several varieties of the kidney bean...that are cultivated for their nutritious white seeds. The name \"navy bean\" recalls former times when the beans were among the standard provisions of warships of the U.S. Navy.\" ---The Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas, Volume 2 [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000 (p. 1821)", "Are soy beans sometimee used to make pork & beans? It is possible, though it seem unlikely. This is what the trade associations have to say:", "\"...whether commercial producers of pork and beans use soy beans. The response from the United Soybean Board is: To the best of our knowledge, soybeans are not utilized in the preparation of commercial \"pork & beans\" type products. This was confirmed by the Ontario White Bean Producers Board, who represent navy bean growers in Ontario. They indicated that the finished product would be significantly different from the usual navy bean product in terms of flavor, mouthfeel, consistency, etc. and that because of the differences in preparation methods, it would not make any sense for producers to interchang or inter mix the two types of beans. After contacting serveral producers of canned soybeans, it was found that none of these companies offered such a product nor were they aware of any other companies offering such a product. Clare M. Hasler, Ph.D.\" http://www.ag.uiuc.edu/archives/experts/health/1997/0008.html", "Purslane Food historians confirm the use of purslane (portulaca oleracea) was known to ancient cooks. Early salads featured this green.", "\"Purslane is one of the kitchen garden plants most widely diffused throughout the old world from the earliest times. It has been transported into America, where it spreads itself, as in Europe, in gardens among rubbish, by the wayside, etc. It is more or less used as a vegetable, a medicinal plant, and is excellent food for pigs. A Sanskrit name for it is known, lonica or lounia, which recurs in the modern languages of India...It is very difficult to discover in the case of a plant so widely diffused, and which propagates itself so easily by means of its enormous number of little seeds, whether a specimen is cultivated, naturalized by spreading from cultivation, or really wild.\" ---Origin of Cultivated Plants, Alphonse de Candolle [Hafner Publishing:New York] 1964 (p. 87-8)", "\"Many quaint recipes using pursley or purslane can be found. Giles Rose, one of the master cooks to Charles II, suggested in 1682 a recipe fr \"A Sappet of Lettice and Purslane --Take out the newest Purslane pick and wash it very well, swing it out, and lay in the round of the plate, and Lettice round about it. Garnish the brims with Charvile and Flowers hashed together of divers colors, very small.\" Cook books of that day also gave recipes for pursely soup as well as preserved and pickled pursely. Apparently it was look upon by gourmets as a delicacy. Preserved purslane was served \"as a first dish on the table to produce an appetiti afore the guests settle down to meate,\" according to Henry Dethick, writing in England some 400 years ago. American Indians used pursley as a pot herb. The early American settlers compared its flavor with asparagus.\" ---\"Pair of Portulacas,\" R.R. Thomasson, The New York Times, May 31, 1959 (p. X37)", "Ramps If you hail from America's Applachian region, you know about ramps. These early leeks herald spring. Noted for their pungent fragrance and old- timey tonic properties, ramps command their own festivals.", "\"Ramps...also called wild leeks, are members of the onion family. Native to eastern North America, ramps grow in clumps in the rich, moist soil under deciduous trees--sugar maples, birch, and poplar, among others--from New England south to central Appalachia and as far as North Carolina and Tennessee. One of the first spring greens, growing from perennial bulbs in late March and April, ramps have the flavor of sweet spring onions touched with musk and an intense garlic aroma. They are harvested for their young leaves (which resemble lily of the valley) and their small bulbs. Both may be eaten raw--the leaves, for instance, in salads, though the bulbs are frequently fried in smoky fat with eggs or potatoes. Ramps were part of the Native American diet, valued for their blood-cleasning properties and eaten eagerly at winter's end (ramps are, in fact, high in vitamin C). Over time the ramp harvest became a rite of spring in many Appalachian communities, giving way to community festivals. Ramp consumption and popularity rose steadily in the last two decades of the twentieth century, threatening the wild populations in the forests from which they are gathered. Up to 85 percent of ramps are consumed as food from wild populations, though efforts are under way in North Carolina and elsewhere to cultivate them.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2004, Volume 2 (p. 342)", "Ramps: (\"Tennessee Truffles\")...Ramps reign royally in Cosby, Tennessee, every April. The Cook County community, nested, in the shadow of the Great Smoky Mountains, goes wild over the odoriferous mountain leek, staging a Ramp Festival...But Cosby isn't alone. Ramps are celebrated across the lofty, fertile, and shady coves in Southern Appalachia...The Appalachian \"ramp country\" ranges from West Virginia to north Georgia. Wild ramps, a member of the lily family, and called \"Tennessee Truffles\" by some, flourish in buckeye flats...old-time mountain people love the wild leek. Take Gary Davis, a retired conservation ranger from Fannin County, Georgia. \"If I don't get some ramps to eat in the spring, I may not make it to the fall. It slicks you off [as a tonic], makes you feel good and do good all summer...Appalchian highlanders have been enjoying ramps for centuries...The Cherokees called them Wa-S-Di, 'a smelly business but good.'...Ramps are adaptable to many dishes. They can be cooked with eggs, potatoes, venison, bear meat, ham...\" ---Smokehouse Ham, Spoon Bread, & Scuppernong Wine: The Folklore and Art of Southern Appalachian Cooking, Joseph E. Dabney [Cumberland House:Nashville TN] 1998 (p. 273-7) [NOTE: This book offers recipes for Ramp Casserole, Ramps Bacon and Eggs, Ramp Salad, Ramp and Grits, Fried Ramps and Potatoes, Pickled Ramps and Ramp Pudding.]", "Rice Krispies Treats Rice Krispies-type treats existed long before the name- brand cereal was invented. This snack traces its roots to the middle of the 19th century when recipes for puffed grain treats mixed with sweeteners (molasses, corn syrup) pressed into various shapes were popular. Think: popcorn balls & no-bakes.", "Alexander Anderson, American Cereal Company is generally credited for inventing the process for puffing cereal grains in the early 20th century. These were introduced to the American public at the 1904 Exposition in St. Louis. Some details on the person and the process here. According to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, Kellogg's Rice Krispies cereal was introduced to the American public February 29, 1928 (registration #024993).", "The earliest recipe we have approximating Rice Krispies Treats is circa WWI. It comes from a 7th grade home-economics notebook suggesting the recipe was considered healthy, easy, and economical by contemporary nutrition experts.", "\"[1916] Puffed Rice Brittle 1 c. Gran. Sugar 1 tsp. vinegar 1 tbs. Butter 1 package rice 1/2 cup water 2 tbs. Molasses 1/2 tbs. Salt", "Boil sugar-water & vinegar together for five min. Then add mol., butter, salt & boil until it is brittle when tried in cold water. Add the heated puffed rice & spread in butter tins.\" ---Laura Crystal, Domestic Science 7B, New YOrk City Schools [manuscript school notebook] 1916", "[1938] It's fun to Cook, Lucy Mary Maltby [John C. Winston:Chicago] 1938 has a recipe for \"Puffed Wheat Squares,\" (p. 220) listing these ingredients: 2 teaspoons butter, 1 cup molasses, 1/3 cup granulated sugar 1/2 tablespoon vinegar, 1 package puffed wheat (3 1/2 oz.) The directions are similar to those of Rice Krispies Treats, the picture of the finished product (p. 219) confirms similarity. The caption under the picture reads \"Inexpensive and tasty are these Puffed Wheat Squares,\" indicating their appeal to economical cooks. A suggested variation includes melted chocolate poured on top. Sound familiar?", "\"[Mildred] Day was born in Durham, a village 8 1/2 miles east of Knoxville in Marion County [Iowa]. She was a home economics graduate of Iowa Sate University in Ames. Her family says Day, who worked at Kellogg Co. in Battle Creek, Mich., developed the recipe with Malitta Jensen as a fund-raiser for a Camp Fire Girls group. Anthony Hebron, Kellogg spokesman, says Rice Krispies cereal went on the market in 1928 and Rice Krispies Treats, a trademarked name, were introduced in the 1940s. The recipe first appeared on packaging in 1941. \"Many of our employees created concoctions with Kellogg products,\" Hebron says.\" ---\"Her gift to Us: Recipe for Rice Krispies Treats,\" Carol McGarvey, The Des Moines Register, June 14, 1996 (p. 1)", "[1941] 1/3 cup butter 1/2 teaspoon vanilla 1/2 lb Fluffi-i-est Marshmallows (this is a brand name) 1 package Kellogg Rice Krispies ( 5 1/2 oz.) Melt butter and marshmallows in double boiler. Add vanilla; beat well. Put Rice Krispies in large buttered bowl and pour on marshmallow mixture. Press into shallow buttered pan. Cut into squares. Yield: 16 2 1/4-inch squares (10 X 10-inch pan). Note: Nut meats and cocoanut may be added.\" ---\"Try this Candy Recipe,\" Los Angeles Times, February 28, 1941 (p. 4)", "[1942] \"Rice Krispies Marshmallow Squares. Golden treasures--crunch--full- flavored! Everybody enjoys these sensational Rice Krispies Marshmallow Suqares. They're crisp-- completely different! A grand party treat. Perfect as a light dessert, between-meal snack or lunchbox surprise for the youngsters. A few minutes--a few pennies turn the trick. Recipe on each Rice Krispies package.\" ---Dislay ad, Los Angeles Times, March 15, 1942 (p. F14)", "[1963] \"Cooking with Kellogg's you collect 25 cents when you fix this cheer-up candy marshmallow treats. Make gloomy days Snap, Crackle and Pop...get 25 cents too. The fun recipe for Marshmallow Treats is right here. Do try it soon. And to collect your quarter, cut the special coupon from the back of your Rice Krispies package and the brand name and weight from a marshmallow package (7 oz. or large), or label from a marshmallow creme jar. Send with your name and address to Marshmallow Treats, Box 577, Detroit 32, Michigan. Your quarter will be mailed promptly. (Offer limited to one per family and expires April 39, 1964.) Each family's request must be mailed separately. All others will be returned. Sorry, we can not honor multiple requests.", "marshmallow treats 1/4 cup butter or margarine 7-10 ounces regular marshmallows (about 32) or 3 cups miniature marshmallows 5-6 cups KELLOGG'S RICE KRISPIES 1. Melt butter in 3-quart saucepan. Add marshmallows and cook over low heat, stirring constantly until marshmallows are melted and mixture if well-blended. Remove from heat. 2. Add Rice Krispies and stir until well- coated. 3. Press warm mixture into buttered 13X9-inch pan. Cut into squares when cool. Yield: 24 2-inch squares NOTE: About 2 cups marshmallow creme may ber substituted for marshmallows. Add to melted butter and cook over low heat about 5 minutes, stirring constantly. Proceed as directed above.\" ---half page full color display ad, Better Homes & Gardens, November 1963 (p. 88) [NOTES: (1) A first class US stamp cost 5 cents in November 1963. (2) the recipe title is not capitalized in this advertisement.]", "If you need more on the history of Rice Krispies brand cereal ask your librarian to help you find the Encyclopedia of Consumer Brands, Janice Jorgensen editor, Volume 1: Consumables (p. 313-4).", "Ratafia \"Ratafia, a word whos three meanings are explained below. The origin is obscure. According to Favre (1883-92), the word is derived from the Latin phrase Res rata fiat, which was pronounced when a treaty or other such instrument was ratified. Since the custom was to accompany the ratification by drinking a good liqueur, the phrase, abbreviated, became a name for such a liqueur. If this is the origin of the name, it would explain why there is doubt about whether the name applies to all liqueurs or only some and, if only some, which. (It is usually understood to apply to liqueur made from brandy and any fruit juice, especially those made by a process of maceration; but some authorities regard a flavouring of bitter almonds as necessary.) The three meanings of ratafia are: 1. Ratafia, a drink popular in the 17th and 18th centuries, probably of French origin. It was a cordial or a brandy-based liqueur flavored with almonds, peach, cherry, or apricot kernels, or soft fruits; similar to Noyau, a word which came into use in the late 18th century and largely supplanted ratafia. 2. Ratafia, an 18th- and 19th-century variation on the Macaroon, flavored with bitter almonds...or sometimes with apricot kernels. These seen to have been first made in England in the early 18th century to recipes very similar to macaroons, and used similarly; ratafia biscuits my have acquired the name because they were eaten with the drink ratafia, so because of the use of bitter almonds as flavouring in both items. Very small almond biscuits are still manufactured under the name of 'ratafias'. 3. The word is also used to describe a bitter almond flavour; for instance, 'essence of ratafia'...or 'ratafea cream' (a desert flavoured with apricot kernels)...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 654)", "\"There is ratafia you can drink, and there are ratafias you can eat, and their common denominator is the taste of almonds or similar nutty kernels. The drink came first. It is a liquer made by steeping some flavouring ingredient in sweetened spirit. In France, this ingredient can be any of a range of fruits, such as blackcurrants or oranges, as well as kernels, but in English usage the term has always been largely restricted to a drink flavoured with peach, apricot, or cherry kernels or particularly with almonds...English originally acquired the term towards the end of the seventeenth century, and in the early nineteenth century applied it to a sort of small biscuit...The word ratafia comes originally from French West Indian creole, where it appears to have referred to the local spirit, rum. Popular etymology attributes the creole term to Latin, ratificare, 'ratify', the notion being that it referred to a drink taken to seal or 'ratify' a deal, but there is no direct evidence of this.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 278-9)", "\"Ratafia. As used by Hannah Glasse, 111, the word indicates the flavour of almonds. Its meaning can be more generally embracing the flavours imparted by the kernels of peaches, apricots and cherries. The cordial or liqueur called ratafia may be flavoured with any of these. Ratafia cakes and biscuits may be similarly flavoured; or they may be so called because they are intended to be eaten with the liqueur.\" ---The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy, Hannah Glasse, facsimile 1747 edition with preface, introductory essays by Jennifer Stead and Priscilla Bain [Prospect Books:Devon] 1995 (p. 196)", "[1753] \"Ratafia Get three Gallons of Molosses Brandy, Nuts, two Ounces and a Half, bitter Almonds one Pound and a Half; bruise them, and infuse them in the Brandy, adding Ambergrease three Grains, mixed with fine Lisbon Sugar three Pounds; infuse all for seven or eight Days Space, and trhen strain off for Use.\" (p. 386) [NOTE: Ambergris is an \"intestinal secretion of the...sperm whape...like musk, it was used in conjunction with other aromatics...to perfume foods, mostly confectionery.\"---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford Univeristy Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 15)]", "\"Ratafia Cream Boil six Laurel-leaves in a Quart of thick Cream; when it is boiled throw away the Leaves, and beat the Yolks of five Eggs, with a little cold Cream and Sugar to your Tafte, then thicken the Cream with your Eggs, and set it over the Fire again, but let it not boil; keep it stirring all the while, and pour it into China Dishes; when it is cold it is fit for Use.\" (p. 291)", "\"A Ratafia Pudding Four or five Laurel-leaves being boil'd in a Quart of Cream, take them out, and break in Half a Pound of Naples Biscuits, Half a Pound of Butter, some Sack, Nutmeg, and Salt, take it off the Fire, cover it up; when it is almost cold, put in two Ounces of Almonds blanch'd and beaten fine, and the Yolks of five Eggs; mix all well together, and bake it in a moderate Oven Half an Hour, scrape Sugar on it as it goes into the Oven.\" (p. 72)", "\"To make Ratafia Bisket Take four ounces of bitter almonds, blanch and beat them as find as you can; in beating them put in the whites of four eggs, one at a time; then mix it up with sifted sugar to a light paste; roll them and lay them on wafer paper, and on tin plates; make the paste so light that you may take it up with a spoon; bake them in a quick oven.\" ---The Complete Housewife: or, Accomplish'd Gentlewoman's Companion, E. Smith, facsimile 1753 edition [Litereary Services and Production Ltd.London] 1968 (p. 196) [NOTE: \"Quick\" oven meant very hot, in the low 400s F. range.]", "Why call it \"rhubarb?\" \"Rhubarb\" comes from the Latin Rhabarbarun, \"Rha of the barbarians.\" Rha is the name of the river on whose banks rhubarb was cultivated by the barbarians...the barbarians...were Tartars.\" ---Food, Waverly Root [Smithmark:New York] 1980 (p. 408)", "\"Chinese rhubarb (Rheum officinale) is used mostly for medical purposes. Garden rhubarb (R. Rhabarbarum) is grown for its edible stalks. The plant is native to southwestern Russia, southern Siberia, and China, where it was grown in ancient times for the alleged medicinal value of its roots. Rhubarb was cultivated in Europe from at least the seventeenth century and reached North America shortly after the American Revolution.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1843)", "\"Rhubarb seems to have originated in China, and was first imported to the West via Russia for the sake of its root, which in medieval times was dried, ground up, and used as a purgative. Ancient names for it included Greek rha and Perisan rewend, which were in due course to converve to produce rhubarb. The term rha was said by the Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus to have been taken from the ancient name of the River Volga...It was borrowed into late Latin as rha, and had tacked on to it the adjective barbarum--hense rhababarum, literally foreign rhubarb'. Here, Persian rewend enters the picture again. Greek had borrowed this as rheon, which in Latin became rheum...In medieval Latin the two words for rhubarb' became blended together to produce rheubarbarum, which was eventually shortened to rheubarbum.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 281)", "Rhubarb in Britian \"Rhubarb was known in classical Greece and Rome as an imported dried root with medicinal qualities...There is some debate about how far back Chinese knowledge of rhubarb extends. Pen Khing's herbal, of about 2700 BC, listed it; but Laufer (1978) says the work is spurious...It does, however, seem to be certain that it was known by the age of Han, 206 BC; that is was valued medicinally; that it developed into an important article of trade from China to W. Asia during the 10th century. In England, rhubarb became known, at first in a purely medicinal context, in the 16th century. The idea of eating the stem may have occurred to people, much later, because of the resemblance between rhubarb and its smaller relation, sorrel. Indeed, several dock varieties have 'rhubarbic' sobriqutes, such as monk's rhubarb for mountain dock, and curled dock is even preferred to rhubarb by some Australians. Another naturlaist, Peter Collinson, worte in 1739 about 'Siberian rhubarb' pie with sugar and cinnamon. However, it was some time before rhubarb recipes becan to appear in English cookery books, perhaps waiting for sugar to be more widely available to sweeten the taste. One early example was in Mrs. Rundell (1806). Other recipes for sweet pies and tarts followed during the first half of the 19th century.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford], 2nd edition 2007 (p. 662)", "\"One of the latest garden fruits to be cultivated in England was rhubarb. Medicinal rhubarb, the rhubarb grown in China from the third milllennium BC onwards for the sake of its root, a powerful purgative, had been traded to the west since Roman times. There was more than one varity, and the names Turkey rhubarb and Barbary rhubarb were given to two of them, denoting countries through wich passed the medieval spice routs whereby they traveled. In the Tudor period the plants themselves were introduced into English herb gardens, and medicinal rhubarb became a garden crop in Nritain. The Duke of Atholl had a famous plantation of Turkey rhubarb on his estate at Blair Castle in Perthshire in the 1770s, and sold the roots to an Edinburgh druggist. The rhubarb now eaten as a fruit arrived in the seventeeth century, when John Parkinson received seeds from Italy and planted them in his garden. He described the leaf stalks, some two feet long and the thickness of a man's thumb, and thought a syrup might be made from the juice which would pure more gently than rhubarb from the East Indies or China. The cultivation of garden rhubarb spread in Britain in the eighteenth century, with the encouragement during the later years from the Royal Society of Arts...Garden rhubarb was a new acquisition for tarts. A recipe which appeared in the 1790s advocated slicing the stalks, and then treating them in the manner of gooseberries.\" ---Food and Drink in Britain From the Stone Age to the 19th Century, C. Anne Wilson [Academy Broadway:Chicago] 1991 (p. 347-348, 352)", "Rhubarb in America Benjamin Franklin is generally credited for introducing Chinese rhubarb to America: \"In 1771, Franklin sent a Chinese rhubarb seed to John Bartram, America's botanist to the King. This type of rhubarb was used for medicinal purposes, unlike the edible rhubarb that was already grown in America.\" ---PBS/Bemn Franklin", "\"Rhubarb...was introduced to Maine at the end of the eighteenth century when a gardener obtained seeds of roots from Europe. Cultivation soon flourished in Massachusetts, and by 1822 rhubarb was sold in New England produce markets. In the late nineteenth century, the great plant breeder Luther Burbank developed a mild variety with a long growing season well suited to California. Early Americans used rhubarb extract and syrup for dyspepsia and a variety of bowel complaints...Nineteenth-century American cookbooks carried rhubarb recipes for sweet pies, cobblers, conserves, and tarts.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2004, Volume 2 (p. 361)", "What about the \"Pie Plant?\" 19th century American cooks dubbed rhubarb the \"pie plant.\" Presumably, this reflected this food's primary use. Historic cookbooks confirm rhubarb featured prominently in spring compotes and preserves. They were naturally paired with strawberries for sweet and tangy flavor punch.", "[1869] \"Rhubarb, or Pie Plant. This is one of th greatest of spring luxuries, though the quantity of sugar required to be used with it renders it rather expensive. Remove the stringy part and cut up into small slices either for stewing or pies, no spice is required, but sugar may be put in as long as your conscience will let you, and a handful afterwards.\" ---Jennie June's American Cookery Book, Mrs. J. C. Croly [American News Company:Boston?] 1878 (p. 188)", "Risotto Risotto is not one dish, but many flavorful blends and interesting recipe variations. As with many traditional foods, there are many conflicting theories regarding the origin of risotto. Some culinary experts place risotto in the 16th century; others claim risotto (as we know it today) is a 20th century dish.", "Culinary historians generally agree the first risotto-type foods likely orginated during the Renaissance, in the Lombardy region, Milan being famous for this dish. History confirms wealthy Milanese families recognized this grain's market potential [when grain was scarce, prices would rise] and capitalized on it. The rice traders became very rich, according to some accounts, rice was sometimes proferred as gifts. About rice (general).", "The first rice dishes in this region were borrowed from the Mediterranean cuisines responsible for introducing rice to Italy. They were typically sweet recipes combining rice, almond milk and spices. Together, Milanese cooks and local ingredients eventually created a unique dish. Historic American cook books confirm risotto was cooked in America beginning the late 19th century, though it did not become widely accepted until after World War II. This is true of many Italian dishes, including pizza. Amercian chefs rediscovered", "Italian rice is short-grained. There are many varieties. Arborio rice is the type most often use by current American chefs when making risotto.", "\"How did rice get to Western Europe from China? The Persians and Mesopotamians first encountered rice towards the fifth century BC, as a result of diplomatic and trading contacts between Darius and the Chinese and Indian states. Rice- growing reached Egypt and Syria during the next two centuries...Southern Spain owed its first rice-fields to the Moors of Andalusia...Several attempts were made to grow rice in Italy in the early Middle Ages. At the end of the thirteenth century the Visconti dukes of Milan, a very shrewd family, took a personal interest in the possibilities of rice-growing, but it was their successors, Galeazzo Sforza and his brother Ludovico Moro, who brought rice to the Po delta, and with it prosperity...\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992 (p. 161-2)", "\"One of the unintentional end products of the clearing of the Lombardy plains for the establishment of rice fields in the fifteenth century was risotto. The motivation for the clearing and reclaimation of the plains was simply the demand of the growing towns for food. That demand was met not by rice growers by budding capitalists who had the financial wherewithal to back the farmers in establishing these rice fields in the Po Valley. One of the earliest references I know of concerning rice in northern Italy is a letter of September 27, 1475, from Galeazzo Maria Sfora to the Duke of Ferrara concerning twelve sacks of rice....It is a typical part of the story that profit margins were kept high as riziculture in Lombardy meant the near enslavement of workers who were not organized, including children exposed to barbarous cruelties, according to a Lombard ordinance of 1590 seeking to stop this practice...\" ---A Mediterranean Feast, Clifford A. Wright [William Morrow:New York] 1999 (p. 587)", "\"Risotto. A dish of creamy cooked rice that has absorbed a good quantity of broth to make it flavorful and tender...The most famous risotto is made \"alla milanese,\" from Milan. It is flavored with saffron and contains beef marrow. Legend has it that the dish dates to 1574, when a stained-glass worker on Milan's cathedral, who was known for the yellow color of his glass, which he achieved by adding saffron to his pigments, colored the rice at the wedding of his boss's daughter, whereupon the guests pronounced the dish \"Risus optimus\" (Latin for \"excellent rice\"). Thereafter such yellow-tinted rice was called risotto all milanese.\" ---Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 218-9)", "\"Northern Italians fancy themselves as having a monopoly on the consumption of rice, but in fact rice first entered Europe as a foodstuff via Arab-occupied Spain and Sicily. The Romans knew rice only as an extremely expensive commodity imported in small quantities form India for medicinal purposes, buy the Saracens were so skilled in irrigation that they were able to create paddies in the area around Lentini, to the south of Catania...where the cultivation of rice persisted into the eighteenth century.\" ---Pomp and Sustenance, Twenty-Five Centuries of Sicilian Food, Mary Taylor Simeti [Ecco Press:Hopewell NJ] 1989 (p. 69)", "Medieval cookery texts sometimes included sweet recipes combining rice, almond milk and spices, a recipe originating in Turkey. The fact that rice was thought to have medicinal value at that time is confirmed here:", "\"7. On Rice Rice [risum], which I think was called oriza in the ancient spelling, is of warm and dry force, and for this reason it is very nourishing, especially if it has been seasoned with ground almonds, milk, and sugar, as will be described later. When it is cooked down it pure water, it constricts the belly. Its frequent use, however, harms those accustomed to suffer with pain in the bowel.\" ---De Honesta Voluptate [On Right Pleasure], Platina, Book VII [1475] critical edition and translation by Mary Ella Milham, Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies Volume 168, Tempe AZ (p. 309)", "\"Risotto. A celebrated and popular rice dish which originated in the rice- growing areas of North Italy. It has something in common with paella and pilaf, in that rice is cooked in a liquid with other ingredients whose flavour is absorbed by the grains, but the method is quite different; risotto is probably a peasant dish which has become sophisticated. The first recipes were published in the mid-19th century by Artusi, the first celebrated Italian cookery writer, and Vialardi, later chef to King Victor Emmanuel...Towards the end of the 20th century a steady expansion of the concept of risotto was observable, especially in restaurants...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 666) [NOTE: Pellegrino Artusi's Science in the Kitchen and the Art of Eating Well (c. 1891) contains the following risotto recipes: Risotto Colle Telline (Rice with Clams), Risotto Colle Tinche (Rice with Tench), Risotto nero Colle Seppie Alla Fiorentina (Blask Risotto with Cuttlefish Florentine Style), Risotto Coi Piselle (Rice with Peas), Risotto Coi Funghi (Rice with Mushrooms), Risotto Coi Pomodori (Rice with Tomatoes), Risotto Alla Milanese I (Rice Milanese Style I), Risotto Alla Milanese II, Risotto Alla Milanese III, Risotto Coi Rangocchi (Rice with Frogs), Risotto Coi Gamberi (Rice with Prawns) & Risotto Col Brodo Di Pesce (Rice in Fish Broth).]", "\"Risotto. Although Fannie Farmer includes a \"Rissoto Creole\"...in the revised Boston Cooking-School Cook Book [1906] and Ida C. Baily Allen offers what she calls \"Risotto alla Milanese\" in Mrs. Allen's Cook Book [1917], risotto can hardly be said to have made the grade until well after World War II. Credit Marcella Hazan (The Classic Italian Cook Book 1973) with putting it on the culinary map of America. Certainly it was she who taught us how to prepare risotto properly. Still, only when arborio (short-grain rice) became widely available (the 80s) did many American cooks attempt risotto in earnest. Today whole books are devoted to the art of making risotto...\" ---American Century Cook Book: the most popular recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 216)", "\"Some time after World War II risotto (rice cooked in stock with the addition of meat and vegetables) became as acceptably American as San Francisco's Ghirardelli Square; a similarly popular one-dish meal, eagerly admired by mothers with a kitchen full of children and no domestic help, combined rice and sweet Italian sausage. Something called \"Italian seasoning\" was packaged commercially to seduce cooks whose herb shelves were otherwise bare.\" ---American Food: The Gastronomic Story, Evan Jones, 2nd edition [Vintage Books:New York] 1981 (p. 155)", "Waffles Waffles descend from Ancient obleios, batter baked between two hot irons. The impressed patterns we know today originated in the middle ages. The Dutch and the French were masters of this culinary art. Belgian waffles, as we know them today, were introduced in 1958.", "What are waffles? \"Waffles, Gaufre. The French waffle is a very light type of sweep pastry cooked between the two buttered and heated plates of waffle iron. The plates, decorated with embossed patterns, are fixed to the ends of two long iron stems hinged together. Waffles are mentioned in the poems of the end of the twelfth century when they were made and sold in the streets. On great religious feast days the waffle-sellers would set their stalls at the doors of the churches and bake their waffles which were eaten piping hot. The best quality waffles were called metiers.\" ---New Larousse Gastronomique [Crown:New York] 1977 (p. 971)", "The Greek connection \"The ancient Greeks used to cook very flat cakes, which they called obleios, between two hot metal plates. This method of cooking continued to be used in the Middle Ages by the obloyeurs who made all sorts of oublies, which were flat or rolled into coronets. The oublie became the waffle in the 13th century, when a craftsman had the idea of forging some cookie plates reproducing the characteristic pattern of honeycombs, which at that time were called gaufres (from the Old French wafla).\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Completely Revised and Updated [Clarkson Potter:New York] 2001 (p. 1285)", "Why do we call them waffles? \"The word [waffle] is from the Dutch wafel, and first appeared in English print in 1735. The item was known to the Pilgrims, who had spent time in Holland before sailing to America in 1620, and waffle parties became popular in the latter part of the eighteenth century. Thomas Jefferson returned from France with a waffle iron, a long-handled patterned griddle that encloses the batter and gives it its characteristic crispness and shape. A century later vendors on city streets sold waffles hot and slathered with molasses or maple syrup. Waffles continued to be extremely popular breakfast items in the twentieth century, an electric waffle irons made the timing of the cooking easier. Then, in 1953 Frank Dorsa introduced frozen waffles into supermarkets, calling them Eggo Waffles. At the 1964 World's Fair Belgian Waffles made with yeast and thicker than the usual waffle, were an immediate sensation, and they are sold today at stands, county fairs, carnivals, and other fast-food outlets.\" ---The Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (page 343)", "Belgian waffles Remember the Belgian waffles served at the New York World's Fair, 1964-1965? Thick, chewy, hot and delicious. Who knew? Waffles could be the perfect dessert!", "\"The one food delicacy sure to survive the closing, this weekend, of the New York World's Fair is the Belgian waffle. It is due to join the international roster of staple snacks, along with hot dogs, pizza pies, and ice cream. First the Brussels Fair in 1958, then the Seattle Fair, and two years running of the New Yor Fair have managed to launch this tasty confection in fair fashion. Literally millions of visitors to New York have enjoyed that delectable aroma of waffles crisping to a golden brown in hot ovens. As their defense mechanisms toppled and they chirped, 'I'll have one,' an attendant would decorate that 3 1/2 X 7-inch slab of golden goodness with ribbons of whipped ream pushed through a pastry gun, then splash it generously with squishy strawberries, and hand it over...Most people ate them off a waxed napkin. Those who wanted to be daintier cut them up with a fork...Is the Belgian waffle from Belgium? Of course. That country has been famous for its waffles for generations. Belgians make them at home and serve them with whipped cream or butter, and sometimes with fresh fruit. They like them for afternoon tea or dessert. Waffles have thrived for years as a delicacy at Belgian seaside resorts. The original Belgian waffle, to be commercialized at international fairs is called by the copyrighted name of 'Bel-Gem Waffle.' It is made here by B.F.E. Company, Inc., an American offshoot of a Belgian wafflemaking outfit which dates back to 1818. More than 3,000,000 Bel-Gem waffles will have been sold at 99 cents each by this company's seven concessions by the time the New York World's Fair closes Oct. 17. The president of this company is hoping not only to sell its World's Fair wafflemaking equipment but franchises for making them to dealers across the country...This original Belgian waffle has been joined at the fair by many reasonable facsimiles--including Belgium Waffles, Belgische Wafels, and Brussels Waffles. They are fluffy, more than an inch deep, and made over gas heat, which is said to be the most dependable and constant. Once the fair is closed forever, don't be surprised to see Belgian waffles turning up out your way. Five young businessmen in Chicago, inspired by the World's Fair success of the Belgian waffle, have already formed a company called Belgian Queen, Inc. The designed their own wafflemaking machine and are having it manufactured here. They had a food company work out their own waffle-mix formula and even their own whipped topping mix. They are now making Belgian Queen waffles available at 75 cents and 80 cents in department stores, amusement parks, motels, state fair, drive-ins, resorts, etc. Being adventurous fellows, they are also experimenting with many kinds of topping, including fresh peaches, berries of all kinds, coconut, pineapple, and chocolate-mocha.\" ---\"Meet Manhattan: Fans Stick to Belgian Waffles,\" Marilyn Hoffman, Christian Science Monitor, October 12, 1865 (p. 8) [NOTE: Additional NYC World's Fair Fare here.", "[1683] \"To Fry Waffles For each pound [one English pound, or 454 grams] of Wheat-flour take a pint [about a half a litre] of sweet Milk, a little tin bow, of melted Butted with 3 or 4 Eggs, a spoonful of Yeast well stirred together.\" ---De Verstandige Kock (The Sensible Cook) [Netherlands, 1683?], Translated and Edited by Peter G. Rose [Syracuse University Press:Syracuse] 1989 (p. 76)", "[1849] \"Waffles Put two pints of rich milk into separate pans. Cut up and melt in one of them a quarter of a pound of butter, warming it slightly; then, when it is melted, stir it about, and set it away to cool. Beat eight eggs till very light, and mix them gradually into the other pan of milk, alternately with half a pound of flour. The mix it by degrees the milk that has the butter in it. Lastly, stir in a large table-spoonfull of strong fresh yeast. Cover the pan and set it near the fire to rise. When the batter is quite light, heat your waffle-iron, by putting it among the coals of a clear bright fire; grease the inside with butter tied in a rag, and then put in some batter. Shut the iron closely, and when the waffle is done on one side, turn the iron on the other. Take the cake out by slipping a knife underneath; and then heat and grease the iron for another waffle. Send them to table quite hot, four or six on a plage; having buttered them and strewed over each a mixture of powdered cinnamon, and white sugar. Or you may send the sugar and cinnamon in a little glass bowl.\" ---Directions for Cookery in its Various Branches, Miss Leslie [Philadelphia, 1849]. (p. 359)", "[1858] \"Wheat Waffles One quart of flour, and a teaspoonful of salt. One quart of milk, with a tablespoonful of melted butter in it, and mixed with the flour gradually, so as not to have lumps. Three tablespoonfuls of distillery yeast. When raised, two well-beaten eggs. Bake in waffle-irons well oiled with lard each time they are used. Lay one side on coals, and in about two minutes turn the other side to the coals.", "\"Mrs. B.'s Waffles One quart of flour, and a teaspoonful of salt. One qurt of sour milk, with two tablespoonfulls of butter melted in it. Five well- beated eggs. A Teaspoonful for more of saleratus [precursor of baking soda], enough to sweeten the milk. Baked in waffle irons. Some like one tea-cup full of sugar added.\" ---Miss Beecher's Domestic Receipt Book, Catharine E. Beecher [New York, 1858] (p. 96)", "[1962] \"Libby's Hot Waffles 1 1/2 cups sifted all-purpose flour 3 teaspoons double-acting baking powder 1/2 teaspoon salt 2 teaspoons sugar 2 cups milk 2 eggs, separated 1/4 cup melted butter or margarine, or salad oil Directions for assembly follow. From the same book \"Packaged frozen waffles are delicious.\" ---Good Housekeeping Cook Book, Dorothy B. Marsh, editor [1962] (pps. 336-337)", "[1971] \"Gaufres de Bruxelles (Brussels Waffles) 2 1/2 cups all purpose flour 5 eggs 1/4 cup powdered sugar Pinch salt 1 teaspoon vanilla extract 1 cup milk 5 tab;espoons melted butter Mix flour, egg yolks, sugar, salt, vanilla, milk and butter. Whip egg whites quite firm. Gradually incorporate into paste, mix well. Cook in slightly buttered waffle iron. As soon as waffles are done coat with additional powdered sugar. Serve warm. Makes 10-12.\" ---The Art of Belgian Cooking, Sarah Miles Watts with Rene Colau [Doubleday & Company:Garden City NY] 1971 (p. 183)", "\"It is not only from excavations that we can learn. Written inventories also help in the search for remnants of the Dutch past. In the inventory of the extensive possessions of Margareta van Slichtenhorst Schuyler (ca. 1630-1711), we find a brass poffer pan as well as a wafer iron. From the inventory of the belongings of Anna de Peyster (1701-74)...we learn that she possessed a billabusse pan and a waffle iron.\" ---The Sensible Cook: Dutch Foodways in the Old and the New World, translated and edited by Peter G. Rose [Syracuse University Press:Syracuse] 1989 (p. 22)", "Electric waffle irons were introduced in the first decade of the 20th century. They became standard household items by the 1930s. Some history on the introduction of electric appliances to American kitchens from the Smithsonian Institution", "One of the best sources for the history of antique kitchen items is this book: 300 Years of Kitchen Collectibles/Linda Franklin (p. 366-377)", "Pancakes & crepes Did you know that the first pancake-type foods were eaten by prehistoric peoples? No, they were not the same pancakes we eat today. These simple, fried concoctions of milk, flour, eggs and spices were called \"Alita Dolcia\" (Latin for \"another sweet\") by the Ancient Romans. Depending upon the proportion of ingredients and method of cooking, the finished product might have approximated pancakes, fritters, omlettes, or custard. Some of these dishes were sweet (fruit, nuts, honey); others were savory (cheese, fish, meat). These ancient recipes are also thought to be the relatives of waffles, cakes, muffins, fritters, spoonbread and doughnuts. Pancakes, as we Americans know them today, were \"invented\" in Medieval Europe.", "Throughout history, pancake ingredients (finest available wheat flour, buckwheat, cornmeal, potatoes), cooking implements (ancient bakestones, medieval hearths, pioneer griddles perched on campfire embers, microwave ovens), social rituals (Shrove Tuesday crepes, Chanukah latkes, mass quantities for community pancake breakfast fundraisers) and final product (thick or thin, savory or sweet, slathered with butter and smothered with syrup, or gently rolled around delicate fruit) have reflected regional cuisine and local customs. Cake-like galettes [France], thick potato pancakes [Germany], Boxty [Ireland], paper thin crepes [France], palascinta [Hungary], drop scones [Scotland], injera [Ethiopia], trid [Morocco], coarse cornmeal Indian cakes [colonial America], flapjacks [19th century America], rich blini [Russia], poori [India], qata'if (Middle East) dadar gutung [Indonesia], bao bing [China] and generic hot cakes are all members of the pancake family.", "The connection between pancakes and Shrove Tuesday (the day before the Christian season of Lent begins) is rooted in the need to deplete stores of eggs and fat...both forbidden by the Catholic Church for consumption during Lent. The practice began in Medieval times and continues today (in some places) in the form of \"Pancake Day.\" Modern American pancake syrups surfaced in the late 1880s.", "\"We may speculate with the archaeologist regarding the earliest culianry technologies available at the dawn of humanity... among these...must be the primeval griddle, perhaps a flat rock, daubed with grease...Any primitive grain or truber, dried, pounded and moistened, could have given rise to the very first pancake. With the domestication of wheat in the Fertile Crescent, corn in the Americas and rice in Asia...the pancake would find expression in countless forms.\" ---Pancake: A Global History, Ken Albala [Reaktion Books:London] 2008 (p. 20) [NOTE: we highly recommend this new book. Ask your local public librarian to help you get a copy!]", "\"The griddle method of cooking is older than oven baking, and pancakes are an ancient form. The first pancakes clearly distinguishable from plain griddle breads are sweet ones mentioned by Apicius; these were made from a batter of egg, mixed milk and water, and a little flour, fried and served with pepper and honey...Throughout Europe pancakes had a place among Easter foods, especially on Shrove Tuesday (or Mardi Gras), the last day before Lent. Customs varied from country to country...One peculiarly English institution is the pancake race. The oldest of these has been held at Olney in Buckinghamshire, in most years since 1445...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 571)", "\"Pancakes are traditionally served on Candlemas and Shrove Tuesday, to celebrate renewal, family life, and hopes for good fortune and happiness in the future. It is customary in France to touch the handle of the frying pan, and make a wish while the pancake is turned, holding a coin in the hand. In French rural society, crepes were also considered to be a symbol of allegiance: farmers offered them to their landowner....\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Jenifer Harvey Lang, New American Edition [Crown Publishers:New York]1989 (p. 332)", "\"Pancakes, which were so popular in all classes, could be made with the simplest kind of equipment. A skillet and a grill over a heap of small coals or wood were alll that was needed. For the hurried professional cook, pancakes were a boon. They were easily an quickly prepared. They were also useful to intersperse with the fish and egg dishes for fast- or fish-day meals, as well as to fill menus on meat days. One of the advantages of such batters, then and now, is that they can be mixed up ahad of time.\" ---Dining With William Shakespeare, Madge Lorwin [Atheneum:New York] 1976 (p. 141)", "According to the Harvard Concordance to Shakespeare, Marvin Spevack, Shakespeare mentions pancakes four times in two plays. Both plays were comedies and both characters referencing this food were clowns. Interesting, yes?", "\"As fit as ten groats is for the hand of an attorney, as your French crown for you taffety punk, as Tib's rush for Tom's forefinger, as a pancake for Shrove Tuesday, a morris for May-day, as the nail to his hole, the cockold to his horn, as a scolding quean to a wrangling knave, as the nun's lip to the friar's mouth, nay, as the pudding to his skin.\" [2.02 23]", "\"Of a certain knight, that swore by his honor they were good pancakes, and wore by his honor the mustard was naught. Now I'll stand to it, the pancakes were naught, and the mustard was good, and yet was not the knight forsworn.\" [1.02 64-7]\nIn Sweden, pancakes are traditional Thursday winter's night dessert, following pea soup. This hearty combination has been enjoyed since the Middle Ages: \"Swedish pea soup is regarded as a real national dish. It has been served every Thursday in most Swedish homes for hundreds of years. During the cold winter it makes a very satisfying meal, economical as well as filling. The soup is served as a main course with boiled pork, The traditional dessert after pea soup is Swedish Pancakes or \"Plattar\", served with jam or lingonberrries...It makes very good eating, although it is a bit on the heavy side for modern poeple...The exact cooking time of the peas is hard to say, some peas take longer than others. There is no harm in overcooking, so you can easily cook soup ahead of time.\" ---Swedish Cooking at its Best, Marianne Gronwall van der Tuuk [Rand McNally:Chicago] 1962 (p. 62)", "In the United States, pancakes are commonly served for breakfast: \"Pancakes have long been a staple of the American breakfast table, and their history is as old as that of the Native Americans who shaped a soft batter in their hands and called it, in the Narragansett, nokehick (it is soft), transmuted by early white settlers into \" no cake.\" Cornmeal pancakes were called \"Indian cakes\" as early as 1607. The Dutch in America made similar cakes from buckwheat, panekoeken, which by 1740 were called \"buckwheat cakes.\" English settlers brought with them the feast of Pancake Tuesday, an old name for Shrove Tuesday, the day before the Lenten fast begins...By 1745 Americans were also referring to hoe cakes,\" perhaps because they were cooked on a flat hoe blade...One of the most beloved versions of this simple cake is the Johnnycake [also known as journey cake], specifically associated with Rhode Island...The word \"pancake\" itself was not in general usage until the 1870s...\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar- Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 229-30) (This is only a small portion of the information on pancakes found in this book. Ask your librarian to help you find this book for additional facts and trivia. Historic recipes for hoe cakes).", "1st century Ova svongia ex lacte, Apicius [NOTE: this recipe is often cited as a recipe for pancakes, but it does not include a thickening agent (flour, ground pulse). The ingredients and instructions indicate this dish would have produced an omlette.", "1615 To make pancakes so crispe that you may set them upright, A New Booke of Cookerie, John Murrell [London]", "1615 The English House-Wife, Gervase Markham [London] (p. 56-7) \"The best Pancake. To make the best Pancake, take two or three eggs, and breake them into a dish, and beate them well: Then adde unto them a pretty quantity of faire running water, and beate all well together: Then put in cloves, mace, cinnamon, and a nutmegge, and season it with salt; which done make thicke as you thinke good with fine wheate flower: The frie the cakes as thinne as may bee with sweet butter, or sweete seame, and madke them browne, and so serve them up with sugar strowed upon them. There be some which mixe Pancakes with new milke or creame, but that makes them tough, cloying, and not so crispe, pleasant and savory as running water.\" ---The English Housweife, Gervase Markham, transcribed and edited 1615 edition, by Michael R. Best[McGill- Queens University Press:Montreal] 1994, 1998 (p. 68-69) [NOTE: we own an original 1660 edition of this book, printed by W. Wilson, for E. Brewster, and George. This exact recipe appears on p. 55-57)", "1683 De Verstandige Kock, translated and edited [Syracuse University Press:Syracuse NY] 1989 by Peter G. Rose [Holland] \"To fry common pancakes. For each pond on Wheat-flour take a pint of sweet Milk and 3 eggs. Some add some Sugar to it.\"", "\"To fry the best kind of Pancakes. Take 5 or 6 eggs with clean, running water, add to it Cloves, Cinnamon, Mace, and Nutmeg with some Salt, beat it with some Wheat-flour as thick as you like, fry them and sprinkle them with Sugar; these are prepared with running water because [when prepared] with Milk or Cream they would be tough.\" (p. 76)", "1769 The Experienced Housekeeper, Elizabeth Raffald [London] \"To Make Wafer Pancakes\" Beat four eggs well with two spoonfuls of fine flour and two of cream, one ounce of loaf sugar beat and sifter, half a nutmeg grated. Put a little cold butter in a clean cloth and rub your pan well with it. Pour your batter and make it as thin as a wafer, fry it only on one side. Put them on a dish and grate sugar betwixt every pancake, and send them hot to the table.\" (p. 80) [NOTE: Mrs. Raffald also povided recipes for cream, clary and batter pancakes. Her book was recently reprinted by Southover Press, introduction by Roy Shipperbottom. If you want to see the other recipes ask your librarian to borrow a copy for you.]", "What is a flapjack? Flapjacks (aka flatjacks, slapjacks) is an American name for a variety of pancake-type foods. Food historians generally agree the term originated in New England. Generally, they are thicker and cruder than fine- batter pancakes.", "\"The term flapjack has had a variety of designations in the course of its career. Originally it denoted at sort of thick pancake ('a Flapjack, which in our translation is called a Pancake,' John Taylor, Jack-a-Lent, 1620), and that is how it is still used in the USA. Flap in this context means 'toss'. According to the Oxford English Dictionary a flapjack used also be be a sort of apple tart or apple turnover (called applejack in dialects of eastern England). And in the 1930s we see the first evidence of the word's present-day British usage, for a biscuit made from rolled oats, syrup, and butter.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 126-7)", "\"By the nineteenth century northerners were referring to \"flapjacks\" and \"griddle cakes,\" which by the 1830s and 1840s were being made with white flour rather than cornmeal.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Marinani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 229)", "[Amelia Simmons] employs some interesting Americanisms: Slapjack, which I take to be a colonial misreading of flapjack (f and long s being confusingly similar), a regional term for pancake in England (Norfolk, says Halliwell) that was recorded by 1600. ---Karen Hess, introductory notes from The Virginia House-wife, Mary Randolph [University of South Carolina Press:Columbia SC] 1985 (p. xvii)", "\"Flapjack (Tot-fait, Fr.). A broad, flat pancake, of rather crude preparation, also known as Slapjack.\" ---Master Dictionary of Food & Cookery, Henry Smith [Philosphical Library:New York] 1950, 1951 (p. 96)", "\"Indian flapjack...(2) 1835 P. Shirreff Tour 221 Into one of those pans some small loaves were placed...and in the other, batter-cakes, called flapjacks, were prepared.\" ---A Dictionary of Americanisms on Historical Principles, Mitford M. Mathews, editor [University of Chicago Press:Chicago] 1951 (p. 625)", "\"Flapjack. 1. A pancake. Also called clapjack,flapcake, flapover, flatcake, flatjack, flipjack, flipper, flopjack, flopover, slapjack. 1789 Thomas' MA Spy or Worcester Gaz. (MA) 1 Mar, Danties [sic] of all sorts, too, are here...Pies, custards, cranb'ry tarts, and flapjacks. 2. A kind of fried bread or biscuit...3. A fruit turnover\" ---Dictionary of American Regional English, Frederic G. Cassidy and Joan Houston Hall, Volume II D-H [Belknap Pres of Harvard University Press:Cambridge MA] 1991 (p. 462) [NOTE: This source contains several historic references for all three references. Your librarian can help you obtain a copy of this book/page.]", "[1845] Common Flat-Jacks, No. 1. One quarter sour milk, thicken it with flour, two teaspoons of saleratus, and a little salt. Indian Flat-Facks, No. 2. Scald a quart of Indian meal; when lukewarm, stir in half a pint of flour, half a tea-cupful of yeast, and a little salt; when light, fry them in just fat enough to prevent their sticking to the pan. Indian Griddle Cakes, or Flat-Jacks, No. 3. One pint of Indian meal, one cup of flour, a little salt and ginger, a tables-spoonful of molasses, a tea-spoonful of saleratus, sour milk enough to make a stiff batter. Bake of fry them on a griddle, or in a spider, like buck-wheat cakes. Rice Flat-Jacks, No. 4. Boil some rice thin; add a pint of sour milk, then thicken it with flour; add a little salt and saleratus. ---The New England Economical Housekeeper and Family Receipt Book, Mrs. E.A. Howland, [E.P. Walton and Sons:Montpelier VT] 1845 (p. 25-26)", "\"[1887] Log Cabin Syrup is introduced by St. Paul, Minn., grocer P.J. Towle, who blends maple syrup (45 percent) and cane-sugar syrup to produce a product much lower in price than pure maple syrup. He markets it in a tin container shaped and decorated to look like the boyhood home of his boyhood hero Abraham Lincoln.\" ---Food Chronology, James Trager [Henry Holt:New York] 1995 (p. 326)", "\"Maple sugar was an important food in the American diet throughout the 1700s. By the late 1800s, however, maple sugar and maple syrup were becoming expensive luxuries, especially outside the New England states. Many people who preferred the taste of maple syrup had to make do with less expensive corn syrup- or molasses. It was this need for an affordable, maple-flavored syrup that led Patrick J. Towle to create Log Cabin syrup in 1887. Towle reportedly named his syrup \"Log Cabin\" in honor of his boyhood hero, Abraham Lincoln. He registered the log cabin as a trademark in 1897...In 1897 Towle began to sell his syrup in small cabin-shaped tins manufactured in St. Paul by the Horn & Danz Company, a forerunner of the American Can Company, which continued to make the tins into the 1950s. The handmade cabin design was patented by James William Fuller of St. Paul on April 20, 1897. The packaging was an enormous success and helped popularize Towle's Log Cabin Maple Syrup...Like many products at the turn of the century, Towle's Log Cabin Maple Syrup was promoted with a vareity of novelty itmes...In the early 1900s, Log Cabin syrup was marketed primarily to women, the homemakers of the era, as a way to please their husbands.\" ---Encyclopedia of Consumer Brands, Volume 1: Consumable Products, Janice Joregensen, editor [St. James Press:Detroit] 1994 (p. 344-5)", "\"Cane and corn syrups, along with artificial maple flavoring and a dash of caramel, have take over. Log Cabin started out in the 1880's intended to be an economical substitute for pure maple. It had 45 per cent maple then, and the level was reduced in stages over the decades as maple became more expensive and, in years when the weather was less than perfect, less readily obtainable...Aunt Jemima, a relative newcomer--it began with 15 per cent maple in 1966--dropped the maple primarily becuase of the weather'scaprices and because the company didn't think a vestigal touch of the stuff made much difference to the taste. \" ---\"How Much Maple is in Maple Syrup?,\" Richard Flaste, New York Times, June 30, 1975 (p. 36) [NOTE: This article references US government labeling regulations requiring \"maple syrups\" to have at least 10 per cent maple. Items with less than that percentage are simply called syrup, or the word syrup was dropped completely.]", "\"Pancake lovers, beware! The producer of Aunt Jemima pancake syrup hasn't bought a single drop of pure maple syrup this year because maple syrup costs $12 a gallon, and Americans have come to like--eve prefer--the taste and consistency of imitation syrup. 'Our consumer tests showed that many people like the artificial stuff better than the real thing,' commented a spokesman for the Quaker Oats Company, which owns the Aunt Jemima name. 'Over the years they've gotten uses to it.'...The largest food-proccesing companies, which produce Log Cabin, Vermont Maid, Mrs. Butterworth's and Aunt Jemima syrup, have either cut the content of real maple syrup down to 3 per cent from 15 per cent or are not including any of the real thing at all.\" ---\"Maple Syrup on the Wane,\" New York Times, May 4, 1975 (p. 193)", "Of course, not everyone thought pancake syrup was a good idea: \"Someone has patented an imitation maple syrup. Such a patent can't hold water to a \"new and useful invention.\" It would be just as sensible to grant a patent on the pyramids. If some one would patent a genuine maple syrup he would deserve the thanks fo every devotee of buckwheat.--Buffalo Express.\" ---New York Times, June 4, 1888 (p. 4)", "Records of the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office confirm Log Cabin brand syrups were introduced to the American public May 1, 1888. The record does not contain information regarding the process or content, only the trade name: Word Mark LOG CABIN Goods and Services IC 030. US 046. G & S: MAPLE SYRUP [ AND MOLASSES ]. FIRST USE: 18880501. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 18880501 Mark Drawing Code (1) TYPED DRAWING Serial Number 71009380 Filing Date June 29, 1905 Current Filing Basis 1A Original Filing Basis 1A Change In Registration CHANGE IN REGISTRATION HAS OCCURRED Registration Number 0061962 Registration Date April 9, 1907 Owner (REGISTRANT) TOWLE SYRUP COMPANY, THE DBA THE TOWLE MAPLE SYRUP COMPANY CORPORATION MINNESOTA CORNER OF CHICAGO AVENUE AND CUSTER STRE ST. PAUL MINNESOTA (LAST LISTED OWNER) PINNACLE FOODS GROUP LLC LTD LIAB CO C/O THE CORPORATION TRUST COMPANY, CORPORATION, TRUST CENTER 1209 ORANGE STREET WILMINGTON DELAWARE 19801 Assignment Recorded ASSIGNMENT RECORDED Attorney of Record Michael D. Fishman Type of Mark TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL Affidavit Text SECTION 8(10-YR) 20070518. Renewal 1ST RENEWAL 20070518 Live/Dead Indicator LIVE", "About crepes Like pancakes, crepes trace their roots back to ancient Roman times. In Medieval France they were connected with Candlemas and Shrove Tuesday, as symbols of good fortune and family life.", "\"Crepe, a pancake, made by cooking a thin batter sparingly in a very thin layer in a frying or special crepe pan. The word comes from the Latin \"crispus,\" meaning curly or wavy...Pancakes [and crepes] are traditionally served on Candlemas and Shrove Tuesday, to celebrate renewal, family life and hopes for good fortune and happiness in the future. It is customary in France to touch the handle of the frying pan and make a wish while the pancake is turned, holding a coin in the hand. In French rural society, crepes were also considered to be a symbol of allegiance: farmers offered them to their landowner...In western France, particularly in Brittany, crepes are prepared throughout the year and served with salted butter...Crepes...were extolled by Anatole France in Le Temps...In traditional cookery, crepes are served as a hot hors d'oeuvre, filled with a fairly thick mixture of veloute sauce with mushroooms, ham, Gruyere cheese or seafood. They may also be cut into find strips and used to garnish soup. Most often, however, crepes are prepared as sweet dishes.\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Completely Revised and Updated [Clarkson Potter:New York] 2001 (p. 367)", "\"Crepes seem to be a French specialty. Neither the crispa and crispelli found respectively in Latin and Italian texts nor the \"cryspes\" in English sources are really similar to what we think of a crepes: a mixture of flour, eggs, and liquid (milk or cream nowadays; water and wine in the Middle Ages) made into thick pancakes in a shallow pan. There is indeed every reason to think that this preparation is specific to France, where it was already being prepared in the pan known as a galettiere, judging by the description in Le Menagier de Paris of a low-rimmed skipped with perpendicular, not flared sides (\"as broad at the top as at the base\"), which is the shape of a galettiere. On the other hand, crispa and crispelli were made of a leavened dough and were deep fried. While \"cryspes\" were indeed cooked in the same was as crepes, they were made of only flour and egg whites.\" ---The Medieval Kitchen: Recipes from France and Italy, Odile Redon, Francoise Sabban, & Silvano Serventi, translated by Edward Schneider [University of Chicago:Chicago] 1998 (p. 206-7)", "Crepes. Take some four, and moisten it with eggs, as many yolks as whites, with the filaments removed, and mix with water and add salt and wine, and beat everything together for a long time; then put some lard on the fire in a little iron pan, or half lard and half fresh butter, and let it bubble; and then take a bowl pierced with a hold as wide as your little finger, and then put the batter in a dish; beginning with the center, let it flow all over the pan; then put it in a plate with powdered sugar on tip. And that iron or bronze pan should hold three chopines, and have a rim half a finger's-breadth high and should be as broad at the top as at the base, neither more nor less; there is a good reason for this.\" (p. 229)", "\"In 1897 Suzanne Reichenberg, an actress who was known professionally by the simple name of Suzette, was appearing at the Comedie Francaise in the role of a maid. The plot of the play involved a meal at which she served crepes. Monsieur Joseph, proprieter of the nearby Restaurant Marivaux, provided the crepes for each perfomance. To attract the attention of the audience as well as to heat the creps for the actors who must eat them night after night, they were served flambe. Later Joseph moved on to the savoy Hotel in London and served his now famous dessert to the diners there. The widely accepted claim of Henri Charpentier, French maitre d'hotel and later restaurant owner in the United States, that he invented the crepes almost accidentally while serving Edward, Prince of Wales, is completely spurious. It is possible, though, that it was he who made them seem the essence of sophistication to many Americans during the 1930s.\" ---Rare Bits: Unusual Origins of Popular Recipes, Patricia Bunning Stevens [Ohio University Press:Athens OH] 1998 (p. 216)", "Who was Henri Charpentier? \"Henri Charpentier, one of the world's great chefs, who frequently was credited with being the creator of crepes Suzette...He was chef to the royalty at the turn of the century, the dandies of Edwardian England, the millionaires of America's flourishing twenties, and ended his days serving sumptuous meals in a tiny cottage to a clientele that included the notables of Hollywood...Among those he cooked for were Queen Victoria, King Edward VII of England, King Leopold of Belgium, Sarah Bernhardt...John D. Rockefeller, Diamond Jim Brady, Lillian Russell and President Theodore Roosevelt...M. Charpentier operated one of the world's most unusual restaurants in his home at this seaside suburb [Redondo Beach, California]. Clients had to place reservations four years in advance to get served. The dining room held twelve, sometimes sixteen persons. The dinner stook all day to prepare and four hours to consume, and cost $8. While the guests dined, M. Charpentier usually sat in a rocking chair near bu, regaling them with remininiscences of an age the world will never see again...M. Charpentier, born in Nice, France, was a cousin of the famed chef, August Escoffier., and also his student...The famed chef loved to tell guests at his restaurant the story of a memorable breakfast sixty-five years ago on the terrace of the Cafe de Paris in Monte Carlo. 'I was only 16...and was serving the Prince of Wales...later Edward VII... Among the diners at the Prince's tables was a beautiful French girl named Suzette...His Highness ordered crepes...I mixed the sauce and added a brandy blend of my own. As I did, the flame of the chafing dish accidentally set the simmering cordials afire. 'I was embarrassed, but I did not show it. I poured the fiery sauce on the crepes, as if the flames were set on purpose. The prince tasted, then he smiled, and said\" 'Henri, what have you done with these crepes? They are superb!' ' I was thrilled, and offered to name them in his honor. But he declined...he said, 'We must always remember that the ladies come first. We will call this glorious thing crepes Suzette.'...Henri's in East Rockaways, L.I. was perhaps the island's most famous restaurant from the century's early years until the late Thirties. It had neither menus, music nor bar service. Such diners as J.P. Morgan, Diamond Jim Brady and Marshal Ferdinand Foch paid staggering bills without comment. After 1930...changing times and tastes forced M. Charpentier to provide a menu...The restaurant closed in 1938, at which time he blamed high taxes and a lack of appreciation for fine food. He had lost his other restaurant...in Rockefeller Center, in 1935... when he was evicted for falling behind in rent.\" ---\"Henri Charpentier, Chef, Dies; Was Creator of Crepes Suzette,\" New York Times, December 25, 1961 (p. 23) [NOTE: In 1935 the USA was mired in the Great Depression. Many businesses (of all kinds) could not pay rent and sought bankruptcy protection. This was not automatically caused by a company's poor service or inferior products. In tough econonomic times consumer confidence wanes & spending slows.]", "[1907] \"Crepes Suzette These are prepared with Mixture A flavoured with Curacao and tangerine juice. Spread the pancakes like Gil-Blas pancakes with softened buttered flavoured with Curacao and tangerine juice. Mixture A: ingredients: 500 g (1 lb 2 oz) sifted flour, 200 g (7 oz) caster sugar, a pinch of fine salt, 12 eggs, 1 1/2 litre (2 5/8 pt or 6 1/2 U.S. cups) milk. Method: Place the flour, sugar and salt in a basin, add the eggs and the milk little by little, whisking it well to form a smooth batter. Flavour with 1 tbs vanilla sugar or orange or lemon sugar which should be included in the weight of sugar given above. The mixture may be flaboured with 3 tbs of Kirsch, brandy or rum.\" ---The Complete Guide to the Art of Modern Cookery, Escoffier, translated into English by H.L. Cracknell and R.J. Kaufmann [John Wiley:New York] 1997(p. 524)", "Injera [Ethiopia] Injera (enjara) is a thin, round yeast bread which plays an important role in the traditional cuisine of Ethiopia. Middle Eastern Pita and naan and Central American tortillas serve similar functions in culture and cuisine.", "\"A meal begins with ritual handwashing. Water is poured from an ornate jug over the fingers of the right hand, whihc are wiped on a clean towel. Only those fingers are used for eating. Breads are held in the right hand too, to wrap, scoop, or dip into foods and sauces. For the main meal of the day, a dome covers a small round table or a large metal tray. When lifted, a large \"cloth\" appears mounded with portions of stewed foods. The cloth is acutally a very large thin pancake, an Ethiopan bread called injera. Often several other kinds of breads will appear as well as a variety of stews and combination of meat and vegetables called wots and alechas. Diners enjoy the meal by tearing off bits of injera and scooping up foods. Frequently a partner or the host will combine a morsel of food and pop it into some else's mouth.\" ---You Eat What You Are: People, Culture and Food Traditions, Thelma Barer-Stein [Firefly Books:Ontario] 1999 (p. 24-5)", "\"Injera is an Ethiopian flat bread--with a difference. This spongy, thin bread is generally made into large rounds, a few of which when put together can quite easily cover a tabletop. Indeed, on occasions, ingera is used in place of a tablecloth or table covering. Dishes such as doro wot are served directly on the ingera tablecloth for big communal meals. The bread is broken off from around the edges to scoop up the stew. The idea is to eat from the outside in...Injera is usually made from an Ethiopian flour called teff in the Amharic language. Teff is a cereal grain widely grown in Ethiopia for human consumption...There are two kinds of teff-red (which is richer in iron and minerals) and white--and these account for the local differences in the color of injera.\" ---A Taste of Africa: Traditional & Modern African Cooking, Dorinda Hafner, revised edition [Ten Speed Press:Berkeley] 2002 (p. 92) [NOTE: This book contains a modernized/westernized recipe for injera. If you need to make this item ask your librarian to help you find a copy.] \"Injera, the staple food of bread of Ethiopia which is leavened with yeast or sourdough..,It is central to the Ethiopian consciousness. Have you eaten injera today?' is a standard greeting. He has no wat' (sauce) on his injera' means 'He's desperately poor'.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 401)", "Trid [Morocco] \"The 'Trid' is a number of large, thin pancakes, made with rghaif batter and stuffed with pigeon, chicken or meat. These pancakes are not cooked in a frying pan. In bygone days the utensil used with the Qdra dial Trid, a sort of rounded earthenware pot, with a big opening at each end. The embers were placed inside the pot which was laid on its side on supporting stones. If you have not a Qdra dial Trid just use a big saucepan.\" ---Moroccan Cooking, Latifa Bennani-Smires [Society d'Edition et de Duffusion:Casablanca] 2007 (p. 80-81) [NOTE: Includes recipe for the pancakes, filling, and serving tips.]", "Q, U, X, Y, Z foods Q ------------ qata'if (Near Eastern pastry) qawarma (minced lamb preserved in fat eaten by Lebanese mountain dwellers) quahog (popular North American clam) quandong (peach native to Australia) quail (small game bird from the New World) quaking custard (cream custard made in New England) quark (fresh curd cheese eaten in Germany) queen's pudding (a type of bread putting eaten in England) quelites (variety of edible greens gathered by indigenous inhabitants of Mexico and C. America) quenelles (dumpling eaten in Europe) queso (Spanish word for cheese) quetsche (plum native to the Alsace region) quiche (pie or tart having an egg filling and other ingredients) quignon (a liece of bread, usually the end crust of a loaf) quillet (a small round sponge cake) quince (fruit native to Western Asia, used for marmalade in medieval ages) quinoa (cereal grain used by the Incas) quroot (Asian dried curdled milk, popular in Afghanistan)", "Other \"U\" foods: Udo--Japanese herb Udon--Japanese wheat noodles Uitmijer-- Dutch open sandwich, sometimes topped with fried egg Ulluco--minor root crop cultivated in the high Andes region of S. America Umbles--edible entrails of a deer, eaten in pie in Medieval Europe (origin of expression \"Humble pie\") Umbu --fruit grown in Northeast Brazil Umeboshi--Japanes salted and dried \"plums\" Urd--most important pulse (bean) in India, aka \"mung bean\" Urda--Rumanian sheep's milk cheese Ushky--Tiny dumplings served in soup, Russia", "X ------------ xanthan gum (made from fermented corn sugar, used as a stabilizer in dairy products and salad dressings) xanthurus (Caribbean fish, resembles a carp, also known as yellow tail) xerophagia (salad made with lettuce, bran, celery cabbage & chopped chives) xicalli (Nahuatl name for a gourd of the tree Crescentia cujete', used by the Aztecs used to fashion vessels for drinking chocolate...Doubtless in the process of making such cup...the seeds of the gourd were sometimes retained to be roasted, and perhaps even the pulp was consumed) xifias souvlakia (skewered swordfish, Greece) xiao dou (small Chinese beans, fermented or curdled) ximenia Americana (tallow wood, seaside plum) xin-xin (Latin American chicken & vegetable dish, served with rice and peanuts) xkinvat (fried twisted strips of rich pastry cented with orange flour water and served in a golden crispy pile drizzled with Maltese honey and colored shot--tiny pinheads of colored candies used for cake decoration--birthday treat from Malta)", "Y ------------ Yabby (crayfish from Australia) yak (related to bison & cows, used for milk, cheese & yogurt) yakitori (Japanese dish of skewered broiled chicken piece dipped in soy sauce) yale boat pie (savory pie composed of meat, poultry & shellfish; named for Yale University) yangtao (kiwi) yarrow (pungent herb sometimes used in salads; also said to have healing powers) yeast (these living spores make bread rise and beer ferment) yam (tropical tubers; staple food for many cultures) yerba yate (tea made from dried leaves of evergreen tree Ilex paraguariensis) yoghurt (fermented milk) yorkshire pudding (English batter pudding) yuba (Japanese soy derivative) yucca (Central/South American plant, banana-like fruit is eaten raw) yuzu (golden yellow citrus fruit from Asia)", "Z ------------ zaatar (wild thyme-spice) zabaglione (light foamy dessert from Italy) zakusiki (Russian hors d'oeuvres) zamia (grain used by Native Americans of the West Indies) zampone (sausage eaten in Modena, Italy) zandler (fish, also known as a pikeperch, European) zarsuela (Spanish seafood stew) zebra (meat eaten in South Africa) zedoary (spice that resembles ginger, native to NE India and SE Asia) zephrina (cookie baked by Native Americans in North Carolina) zest (outer rind of an orange, lemon or other citrus fruit) zewelewa (onion tart from the Alsace region) zingara (sauce containing paprika and tomato, Italian) zucchini (vegetable in the squash family) zulu milkberry (sweet berries native to Africa) zuttano (synonym for avocado) zwieback (dry toasted bread slices, word is German for \"twice baked\") zizyphus jujuba (Chinese date, jujube)", "Oxford English Dicionary, (or any unabridged dictionary) go through the entire letter you are assigned and pick out the food words--this may take you a while.", "Think about the assigment. Did your teacher specifically state which language you had to use? If not, consider Latin (all foods have Latin names; you can find these names in Agricultural/Botainical classificaion guides). You might also examine foreign language dictionaries. Your librarian can help you find these books.", "Saffron & Saffron Walden From ancient times forward, saffron commands the post of \"most expensive\" spice. What exactly is this substance and why is it so valuable?", "\"Saffron--produced from the pollen of the saffron crocus--has been widely used throughout the Old World for its color, flavor, and fragrance. It is native to the eastern Mediterranean region, and it has been cultivated in Mesopotamia, Persia, and northwest India since antiquity. The earliest reference to saffron cultivation dates form 2300 B.C. Saffron was abundant in ancient days... The use of saffron as a oinment likely originated in Persia and India...Saffron is difficult to grow and thereore reamins the most expensive spice in the world...People past and present have prized saffron largely because of its color, ranging from deep gold to a reddish hue. Both red and gold achieved a high status in color symbolism...The prevalence of saffron in Greek myth attests to the significance the early Greeks attributed to the plant...The Egyptians...assigned special powers to saffron, including the power to heal... ...Gold has traditionally symbolized enlightenment and wisdom, and thus Buddha is often depicted as golden in color. For this reason, Buddhist priests may have used saffron to color their robes long before turmeric replaced it...Saffron remains the most expensive and most highly prized spice in the world today.\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia\" An Encyclopeida of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p. 205-206)", "\"Saffron is perhaps native to Asia Minor. At any rate it was well known in the Aegean islands before the eruption of Santorini, which buried the Minoan town of Akrotiri with its wall painting showing the picking of saffron. It was known to the poet of the Iliad, composed around 700 BC. And in Roman times the best saffron in the world grew in coastal Cicilia (south Asia Minor) at the Corycian cavern...In early Europe, saffron was a dye and an aromatic. It coloured cloth either yellow or deep red, depending on its age. It was burnt in sacrifice for its aroma, and it was used in a subtle...aromatic oil, crocinum, to be applied to the hair...The Romans combined its colouring and aromatic effects in another special use: saffron was mixed with sweet wine and the resulting sticky yellow mixture was sprayed liberally about at theatres, filling the air with costly fragrance. Grown in Iran from very ancient times, saffron reached Kashmir...no later than the third century AD and possibly as early as the fifth century BC. It became a staple of the local enonomy...Westwards, saffron now grows in southern Spain, which is where the hightest quality come from today.\" ---Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices, Andrew Dalby [University of California Press:Berkeley] 2000 (p. 138-9)", "\"Native to the eastern Mediterranean, saffron was used in cooking for thousands of years before the Romans built their empire. Indeed, some credit Phoenecian traders with introducing it in Spain--the county that today is the leading producer for the commercial market. The word saffron comes from the Arabic word for 'yellow', and its distinctive color and taste grace Spanish, Cuban, French, and Indian cuisines, especially their rice dishes.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kiple & Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000 volume 2 (p. 1846)", "\"The Romans used [saffron], but do not seem to have introduced it to Britain to any extent, and it was not until the fourteenth century that it began to be frequently used there...At that time most saffron was imported, by the later Middle Ages a home-grown saffron industry developed, with saffron plantations being established in Cambridgeshire and Essex (Saffron Walden takes its name from the local saffron industry)...The word saffron comes from a Middle Eastern or Arabic language, but its exact source has never been pinpointed. The furthest back its history can be traced it so Arabic sa'faran, which found its way to English via medieval Latin safranum and Old French safran. Its use as a colour term, for 'orange-yellow', dates from the late fourteenth century.\" ---An A-Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 292-3)", "\"Saffron probably originated in Asia Minor and Greece; it was an important item for Phoenician traders. Cilicia was its most abundant area of cultivation...Sicily also produced a good deal of it, but Mount Tobus in Phrygia was, in the general opinion, the site which produced the best saffron of the ancient world...Murals in the ruins of the palace of Knossos on Crete, which probably antedates the second millenium B.C., depict saffron harvesters at work. Home said that Zeus slept on a bed of saffron...We read saffron in the writings of Hippocrates...Virgil...Pliny...and Matial, from which we gain the impression that the Greeks were the greatest appreciators of saffron in ancient times...Saffron grew wild in ancient Italy, but the Romans...preferred to buy cultivated...saffron from Greece...Marco Polo did not rpeort encountering [saffron] in his [Far East] travels...Saffron is supposed to have entered China when that country was invaded by the Mongols, who made considerable use of it in their cooking, which would mean the thirteenth century, but it does not seem to have been listed in any written document before the second half of the sixteenth century...There is a tradition that France gained saffron directly from the Moors when they were stopped at Poitiers in 732 by Charles Martel; it is not impossible, but if so, the Moors gave saffron to the the French more than two centuries before they grew it in Spain themselves. Perhaps surer is a second tradition which says that saffron first entered France at Avignon at the end of the fourteenth century...\" ---Food, Waverly Root [Smithmark:New York] 1980 (p. 426-427)", "Why is saffron so expensive? \"What makes saffron so expensive is the unavoidably large amount of hand labor necessary to produce a small amount of it. Saffron is the dried stigmas, and usually part of the styles, of the flower or Crocus sativus, which have to be picked painstakingly out of each blossom, flower by flower...\" ---Food, Root (p. 425-426)", "\"Too much\" of a good thing? Devaluing saffron in Renaissance Europe: \"Within Renaissance dietary literature, the shifting meaning of various foods can therefore be used as an indication of shifting values and, in a sense, a measue of the evolution of self-image. Take, for example, the fate of saffron. In the early Renaissance, or period I, saffron was a an ideal symbol of wealth, not only because it was difficult to harvest and expensive but it lent a dazzling effect to foods. The way to impress a guest was to present saffron- daubed dishes sparkling like gold. Saffron became a symbol for gold...To the wealthy reader of culinary literature, eating saffron invests the body with wealth the same way a gold chain would, but here it is literally incorporated...The fact that period I dietaries consistently praised saffron reflects the fact that these authors would primarily for courtly patrons...This enthusiasm for saffron abates during the sixteenth century among period 2 and 3 authors, and some even claim that it is dangerous. This is the effect...of increasing distance from wealthy patrons, but it can also be linked to simple economic factors. Saffron was first cultivated on a large scale in the sixteenth century. It thus became a more affordable luxury and consequently a less potent symbol of wealth...Ironically, as saffron was more widely used and as lower social ranks were increasingly able to imitate their superiors, courtly cookbooks included saffron less.\" ---Eating Right in the Renassiance, Ken Albala [University of California Press:Berkeley CA] 2002 (p. 166-167)", "About Saffron Walden Saffron Walden is a town in England so named for its historic connection with growing saffron. Food historians generally agree the English saffron industry began in the 14th century. Notes here:", "\"England...has a double tradiiton concerning the first appearanc eof saffron. It was known tghere in the tenth century, for a pharmaceutical work of that period describes it; perhaps it was an import from Spain. Four centuries later, Hakluyt wrote that saffron was first brought to England from Tripoli by a pilgrim who had hidden a stolen bulb in his hollow staff. However and whenever saffron made its comeback, it took medieval Europe by storm. There were times and places when a pound of saffron would buy a horse. ...There were a number of saffron-growing areas in England, but one of them captured all the attention by adding the name of the seasoning to its own--Saffron Walden, in Essex, where John Gerard wrote that saffron 'groweth plentifully...'. Saffron workers there were called 'crokers,' a harking back to the ancient name for the plant. Started in the fourteenth century, the Saffron Walden industry petered out about 1770...\" ---Food, Waverly Root [Smithmark:New York] 1980 (p. 427-428)", "The plant is said to have been introduced into England in the 14th century by a pilgrim who hid a corm in his hollow staff. Certainly, by the sixteenth century the saffron crocus was being cultivated on a significant scale in England, particularly in Essex where the town of Walden was renamed Saffron Walden. Use of saffron was especially noticeable in the west of England, and some believe that it had arrived there long before the 14th century via the Phoenecians and their tin trade in Cornwall.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 680)", "\"Philip Miller gives a long careful account of saffron-growing in the 1720s between Saffron Walden and Cambridge. Growers had to fence their small parcels of gorund with hurdles to prevent hares feeding on the leaves in winter. In July, everyone was out planting the 192,040 roots that went to the acre, noting the size of each one and placing it accordingly for maximum yield, as it cost so much. The crocus flowers were gathered early in the day, and the filaments or 'chives' picked out. Then came the trickly business of drying the saffron, which was ranged in wet 2 or 3 inch layers between sheets of white paper...a watchful care was needed to make sure the precious filaments did not scorch. For all this labour, including free family labour, the grower might clear L5 a year...this was a poor return... Saffron cake has hung on in Cornwall and Devonshire from the days when all cakes were raised with yeast rather than eggs or baking powder...\" ---English Food, Jane Grigson, revised edition, Sophie Grigson [Penguin Books:London] 1992 (p. 308-309) [NOTE: Ms. Grigson offers a recipe for traditional English Saffron Cake in this text. Let us know if you want it.]", "Sago \"The early history of the sago palm use as a food is still unclear. Ethnologists and anthropologists have generally relied on native myths and legends to judge when it was introduced into the diets of many groups worldwide. Some...believe that sago palm has been utilized as a food source in the Pacific Islands since prehistorical days... Neolithic and Mesolithic artifacts found in insular Southeast Asia included tools used in sago preparation. Although this suggest that sago has been cultivated since ancient times, paleohistorians are not so sure...By most accounts, the sago palm was essential to the early inhabitants of Southeast Asia, and was probably one of the first plants they exploited as part of their subsistence strategy...people in freshwater areas were able to employ native palms in a variety of ways, including the production of starch, drugs, and fish poisons...According to the folk history of the Melanau of Sarawak, the tribe has 'always eaten sago,' even though they claim that rice, not sago, is their staple food. Sago, however, had been an important food source for peoples in other parts of the world. Evidence, although limited, indicates that during the Chinese Tang Dynasty (618-907), sago starch from palms grown in southeast China came to rival milled grain for use in making cakes...\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 202)", "\"Sago, or palm starch...comes from the pith of stems of various palms and cycads. Though produced in China's south today, it is far less important than in T'ang times, when... sago, consumed with milk, was a basic food, and when, in Canton, sago flour contended with cereal flour in preparing cakes...The arenga palm's primary center of genetic diversity may be the Malay Archipelago, and its secondary center India, with its domestication usually placed in the Southeast Asia/Pacific region...It was described by Chi Han in the fourth century A.d. as growing in what is northern Vietnam...and its cultivation in China today...is a northward extension of its Southeast Asian distribution. In addition to sugar and sago, our sources on China mention fermented toddy as an edible product the tree provides...One suspects that other edibles obtained from the arenga palm in Southeast Asia and India may also be consumed in China: fresh (as well as fermented) toddy, arrack, and vinegar from its juice; a vegetable from its 'cabbage'; and a preserve or snack from its seed...sago is ordinarily marketed in two processed forms as grains or as translucent globules called 'pearl sago.' The grain, or inferior, form of sago, was imported to China in gunny sacks in the 1920's, whereas the latter, or superior, form was imported in boxes... Chinese merchants have long been active in the sago trade of Southeast Asia...nineteenth-century Chinese in Sumatra [are credited] with developing the process for making pearl sago, a product which holds is shape when cooked.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry, Frederick J. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1991 (p. 128-129)", "\"A source of meal that, in the vicinity of China, rivaled milled grain in making cakes was sago--although it always remained second to rice. This substance was yielded by several native plants an cycads, of which the most important was a sugar palm (kuang-lang; Arenga saccharifera), sometimes called gomuti or sagwire...it was commonly taken with water buffalo milk...The same tree yielded a sugar called jaggery and was the source of a wine called toddy. But the classical source of sago in Southeast Asia, and the one admired most for the light, delicate flavor of its yellow white meal, was the sago palm.\" ---Food in Chinese Culture: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives, K. C. Chang, editor [Yale University Press:New Haven CT] 1977 (p. 92-93)", "In the USA, sago was most often generakkt as a thickener in custards and puddings. Recipes and ingredients can be examined with Michigan State University's Feeding America digital cookbook database.", "Salsify Salsify, also known as the Oyster Plant or Vegetable Oyster, is frequently mentioned in 19th century American cookbooks. This long, thin root vegetable resembles a carrot in shape and a turnip in taste. There are several varieties and ways to approach this special edible gift in the kitchen.", "Where did it originate? \"Wild salsify is native to the lands around the E. Mediterranean. It was probably eaten in classical times, but the earliest surviving mention of it is by Albertus Magnus in the 13th century. Cultivation began in Italy and France in the 16th century. In Britain the plant was grown first for its purple flower, attained a modest popularity as food in the 18th century, but relapsed into obscurity in the next. It has never been popular in the USA. Russia, France, and Italy are now the countries in which salsify is most grown and eaten.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2nd edition, 2007 (p. 686)", "Why call it salsify? \"There is much confusion over the terms salsify and scorzonera. Both apply to long thin white-flesh root vegetables of the daisy family, but although strictly speaking, salsify is the name of the white- skinned variety and scorzonera is the name of the black-skinned variety...Both were introduced to Britain towards the end of the seventeenth century, probably from France. They were originally cultivated in Italy (the term salsify is of Italian origin), but there were also very popular from early times in Spain...The history of the word salsify is no less confusing than its current usage. English got it from French salsifis, which in turn borrowed it from Italian, but in what form? The modern Italian word is sassefrica, and one school of thought says that this came from the late saxifrica, literally 'rock-rubber'...According to this view, the change from sas- to sal- presumably took place in French...Others...claim that French got salsifis from a now obsolete Italian form salsefica...It is not known where this came from, but it many have some connection with Latin sal, 'salt'. The salsify is sometimes known as the vegetable oyster.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 298)", "What is the oyster connection? Primary sources confirm 19th century cooks definately saw some kind of visual resemblance betwen cut salsify and oysters. As time progressed, this connection became less evident. Mid-20th century gastronomists hypothesized that the plant might have tasted like an oyster in earlier times.", "\"Oyster plant...owes its name to its resemblance in flavor, when cooked, to that of an oyster.\" ---Grocer's Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [New York] 1911 (p. 446)", "\"Salsify...At one time called the oyster plant, why, one can hardly imagine, for it does not resemble the oyster in flavour. When cut small and cooked, it was an oyster-like appearance, so it may have been more from appearance than favour that it gained its other name.\" ---Master Dictionary of Food & Cookery, Henry Smith [Philosphical Library:New York] 1951 (p. 209)", "\"Salsify, Salsafy, Vegetable Oyster...A European vegetable which is much more popular on the Continent than in England or the USA. Its long, thin, white roots, when boiled and tender, probably did possess a flavour not unlike that of an oyster, hence its English name of Oyster Plant or Vegetable Oyster. If Salsify ever did possess such a flavour, it must have lost it, as Musk has lost its scent.\" ---A Concise Encyclopedia of Gastronomy, Andre L. Simon [Harcourt, Brace and Company:New York] 1952 (p. 121)", "Culinary applications: \"Oyster plant is a vegetable the roots of which are boiled or stewed like carrots, or half-boiled, or gratd fine made into small flat balls and dipped into batter, and fried like oysters, which they strongly resemble. The young flower stalks, if cut in the spring of second year and dressed like asparagus, resemble it in taste.\" ---Grocers' Hand-Book and Directory, Artemas Ward [Philadelphia Grocer:Philadelphia] 1886 (p. 151)", "\"The Cooking of Salisfy. Salsify is best scraped, each root should at once be dropped into a little vinegar and water to prevent it turning black, and it is also advisable to add a little vinegar to the salted water in which salsify is boiled or parboiled.\" ---A Concise Encyclopedia of Gastronomy, Andre L. Simon [Harcourt, Brace and Company:New York] 1952 (p. 122)", "[1824] \"Salsify. ---Virginia House-Wife, Mary Randolph, 1824 facsimile edition with historical notes and commentaries by Karen Hess [University of South Carolina Press:Columbia] 1984 (p. 136)", "[1849] \"Salsify. Having scraped the salsify roots, and washed them in cold water and parboil them. Then take them out, drain them, cut them into large pieces and fry them in butter. Salsify is frequently stewed slowly until quite tender, and then served up with melted butter. Or it may be first boiled, then grated and made into cakes to be fried in butter. Salsify must not be left exposed to the air, or it will turn blackish.\" ---Directions for Cookery in Its Various Branches, Miss [Eliza] Leslie [Carey & Hart:Philadelphia] 1849 (p. 195)", "[1857] \"Salsify or Vegetable Oyster. The best way to cook it is to parboil it, (after scraping off the outside,) then cut in slices, dip it into a beaten egg, and fine bread crumbs, and fry it in lard. It is very good broiled, then stewed a few minutes with milk, with a little butter and salt. Another way which is very good, is to make a batter of wheat flour, milk and eggs; cut the salsify in thin slices, (after having been boiled tender,) put them into the batter with a little salt; drip this mixture into hot fat, by the large spoon ful. When a light brown, they are cooked sufficiently.\" ---A Practical American Cookery and Domestic Economy, Elizabeth M. Hall [Miller, Orton & Co.:New York] 1857 (p. 142)", "[1863] \"Salsify, or Oyster Plant. Scrape them, and throw one by one as you scrape them in cold water, with a few drops of vinetgar; when they are all scraped, move them a little, take out of the water, and throw them in boiling water with a little salt, boil fifty minutes and drain; place them warm on a warm dish, and serve with brown butter, a maitre-d'hotel, or white sauce. Fried.--Make a paste with two tablespoonfuls of flour, a beaten egg, a tablespoonful of vinegar, salt, pepper, and the quantity of milk necessary to make the paste thin enough to dip the plants in, so that a thin coat only sticks to them; then when they are cooked in water as above, you dip them in the above paste, and throw them in hot lard in a panm and on a sharp fire; take them out when you see that the paste is fried enough, and serve with fried parsley around, and without any grease.\" ---What to Eat and How to Cook It, Pierre Blot [D. Appleton and Company:New York] 1863 (p. 195)", "[1887] \"Salsify a la Poulette. Boil the salsify as already directed, and serve with a sauce made as follows: Put two table-spoonfuls of butter and one of flour into a small saucepan, and rub them to a smooth paste. Add a piece of onion the size of a quarter of a dollar, a tiny bit of mace, one- tenth of a teaspoonful of white pepper, half a teaspoonful of salt, and a cupful and a half of white stock. Stir the sauce on the bakc of the stove-- where it will not boil--for one minute; then add a teaspoonful of lemon juice, and strain immediately. Split the pieces of salsify, and lay them in a warm dish, and pour the sauce over them. Serve very hot. The eggs may be omitted if one prefer. The sauce will then be white, which is a good color in an accompaniment of salsify.\" ---Miss Parloa's Kitchen Companion, Maria Parloa [Estes and Lauriat:Boston] 1887 (p. 517) [NOTE: this book also offers recipes for Boiled Salsify & Fried Salsify.\"]", "[1902] \"Mock Oysters. 1 dozen oyster plants 1 teaspoonful of salt 1 saltspoonful of pepper 3 eggs Scrape the salsify and throw it into cold water to prevent disoloration. Cover with boiling water, cook slowly for three- quarters of an hour until tender; drain, and press through a colander. Add the salt, pepper and the eggs well beaten. Cover the bottom of a baking or saute pan with suet or oil, or lard if you use it. When hot drop in the mixture by spoonfuls, making each the shape of an oyster. Brown carefully on one side, turn and brown the other. Serve at once with tomato catsup, as a supper or luncheon dish.\" ---Mrs. Rorer's New Cook Book, Sarah Tyson Rorer [Arnold and Company:Philadelphia] 1902(p. 318) [NOTE: this books also offers recipes for Scalloped Salsify, Browned Salsify, Salsify with Brown Sauce and Salsify with Cream Sauce.]", "[1909] \"Stewed Salsify. 1 dozen roots salsify 2 tablespoonfuls butter 2 tablespoonfuls flour 1/2 pint milk 1 teaspoonful salt 1 saltspoonful pepper Scrape the salsify. Throw the roots at once into cold water to prevent discoloration. Cut them into halves and soak in cold water for one hour. When ready to cook, drop into boiling unsalted water; boil in an uncovered vessel for half an hour, until they are perfectly tender; drain in a colander. Cover the bottom of a meat platter with squares of toasted bread. Arrange the salsify crosswise on the toast, butts one way; rub the butter and flour together; add the milk; stir until boiling; add the salt and pepper and strain it over the salsify.\" ---Mrs. Rorer's Vegetable Cookery and Meat Substitutes [Arnold and Company:Philadelphia] 1909 (p. 139)", "[1913] \"Baked Oyster Plant (Salsify) Boil the salsify until perfectly tender, then mash through a strainer. Season with pepper and salt. Add a tablespoonful of butter and a half a cup of milk. Put in a bake-dish, cover with bread-crumbs and bits of butter, and bake fifteen minutes.\" ---American Home Cook Book, Grace E. Denison [Barse & Hopkins::New York] 1913 (p. 166) [NOTE: this book also ofers recipes for Salsify, Salsify Fritters and Stewed Salsify.]", "[1930] \"Baked Salsify. Scrape carefully roots of salsify--cut into bits and boil until quite tender. Wash well and season with salt, a little white pepper and a half a cup of butter. Add a tiny pinch of finely powdered mace. Prepare enough to make three cupfuls. Beat an egg into a cup of sweet milk and two tablespoonfuls of melted butter, or one cup of sweet cream. Add one cupful of bread crumbs. Put the salsify into a baking dish, spread the batter over it and bake to a nice brown.\" ---Old Southern Receipts, Mary D. Pretlow [Robert M. McBride:New York] 1930 (p. 41) [NOTE: also includes recipe for Stewed Salsify.]", "[1952] \"Salsify gratines Scrape salsify and boil in aciduated, salted water till nearly tender; drain and dry them and cut them in 3-in. lengths; put the pieces in a baking dish; pour a white sauce over them, then a liberal dusting of grated cheese mixed with white breadcrumbs and a few pats of butter; brown under a hot grill or in the oven.\" ---A Concise Encyclopedia of Gastronomy, Andre L. Simon [Harcourt, Brace and Company:New York] 1952 (p. 122) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for Salsify fritters, Salsify Poulette, Vegetable Oyster in the Deep Shell, Salsifis Sautes and Salsifis a la Vinaigrette.] [1961] \"Salsify in bechamel...Cut the salsify, cooked in flour-and-water court-bouillon, into chunks 1 1/2 to 2 inches long. Put them in a saute pan, cover with rather thin Bechamel sauce...and simmer. At the last moment add a few tablespoons of fresh cream.\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Prosper Montagne [Crown Publishers:New York] 1961 (p. 836) [NOTE: recipes for Salsify au beurre noisette, Salsify a la creme, Salsify fritters, Salsify Mornay, Salsify a la polonaise, Salsify salad, Salsify sauteed au beurre, Salsify aux fines herbes, Salsify a la provencale, and Salsify in veal gravy also included.]", "\"Salt-winning--the deliberate production of salt--is known to have been practiced in the Neolithic era, but the naturally occuring variety had probably been gathered tens of thousands of years before that, even in only by coastal communities that, subsisting largely on shellfish, found other foods insipid without it. However the taste originated, salt was to become a more powerful factor in the world economy than any other food material apart from basic grains...Salts, in a generalized sense, have always been not only stimulating to the taste buds by also biological necessities...Raw meat is the best provider; cooked meat less so, because salt is usually lost in the cooking process. A diet based on cooked grain and vegetables contains few natural salts, even less if the vegetables are cooked in unsalted water, since some of their own salts are then leached out...By the first millennium BC it was an essential feature of the administration of China, as it was for the Ptolemies of Egypt and the Seleucids of Persia.\" ---Food in History, Reay Tannahill [Three Rivers Press:New York] 1988 (p. 179-180)", "\"Historically, dietary salt (sodium chloride) has been obtained by numerous methods, including solar evaporation of seawater, the boiling down of water from brine springs, and the mining of 'rock' salt...'salt-making in history could be regarded as a quasi-agricultural occupation, as seen in frequent references to the annual production as a 'harvest...the quest for salt led to the development of major trade routes in the ancient world. The historian Herodutus...described caravans heading for the salt oases of Libya, and bread caravan routes also stretched across the Sahara, as salt from the desert was an important commodity exchanged for West African gold and slaves. Similarly huge salt deposits were mined in northern India before the time of Alexander the Great, and in the Pre-Columbian Americas, the Maya and Aztecs traded salt that was employed in food...In China, evidence of salt mining dates from as early as 2000 B.C. Homer termed salt 'divine,' and Plato referred to it as 'a substance dear to the gods.' Aristotle wrote that many regarded brine or salt spring as a gift from the gods...The preservative properties of salt have maintained the essentiality of the mineral throughout history. It helped meat last over long journeys...During the eighteenth century, other industrial uses began to be found for salt. The invention in 1792 of a way to make sodium carbonate began the carbonated-water industry, and by 1850, 15 percent of the salt in France was going into soda.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 848)", "\"Salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), is commonly said to be essential to life...Since prehistoric times much effort has been devoted to obtaining salt for use with food. One main source is the existence of underground deposits of salt, from which it can be mined. Examples are the famous salt quarries at Nantwich in Cheshire, those at Luneburg in Germany, and many others in various parts of the world. The other great source, which is inexaustible, is the sea (or other natrually occuring briny waters), which is made to yield salt by a process of evaporation.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 687)", "\"The salt mines of continental Europe encourged prehistoric peoples to settle down. The most famous example is Hallstatt in the Austrian Salzkammergut, a name that speaks for itself and a very prosperous place from the early period of the Bronze Age. Whenever Neolithic people settled down, abandoning hunting in favour of agriculture and recuding the amount of meat in their very carniverous diet...it was a great blessing to have a salt supply in the vicinity.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992 (p. 461)", "\"Chinese salt history begins with the mythical Huangdi, who invented writing, weaponry, and transportation. According to the legends, he also had the distinction over presiding over the first war ever fought over salt. One of the earliest verifiable saltworks in prehistoric China was in the northern province of Shanxi. In this arid region of dry yellow earth and desert mountains is a lake of salty water, Lake Yuncheng. This area was known for constant warfare, and all of the wars were over control of the lake. Chinese historians are certain that by 6000 B.C., each year when the lake's waters evaporated in the summer sun, people harvested the square crystals on the surface of the water, a system the Chinese referred to as \"dragging and gathering.\" ...The earliest written record of salt production in China dates to around 800 B.C. And tells of production and trade of sea salt a millennium before, during the Xia dynasty.\" ---Salt: A World History, Mark Kurlansky [Walker and Company:New York] 2002 (p. 18-9) [NOTE: This book is considered by many food historians to be THE book on the topic.]", "Iodized salt The connection between iodine deficiency and goiter (overactive thyroid) was made in 4th Century China. French chemists, following Napoleon Buonaparte's orders, provided scientific evidence. They were the first to recommed iodized salt. The year? 1833. Commercial iodized salt in the USA was introduced in the 1920s.", "Iodine & goiter \"Interest in and concern about the possibility of the control of goiter accelerated in the early nineteenth-century when Napoleon Bonaparte ordered a systematic investigation of the disease. He did so because large numbers of young men from certain regtions were being rejected as unfit for military duties. Moreover, Napoleon himself had probably seen something of the problem during his march into Italy throug the goiter-invested Valais. Iodine was isolated from the ashes of the seaweed Fucus vesicularis by B. Courtois in France in 1811, and in 1829 by Jean Francois Coindet recommended iodine preparations for the treatment of goiter. However, soon afterward marked oppoisition developed to its employment because of the occurance of symptons of toxicity, which we now know was the result of excesssive thyroid secretion.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 799)", "\"The World Health Organization and UNICEF urge salt producers to include iodine in their salt to prevent goiter, an enlargment of the thyroid gland. Since everyone uses salt, it is an ideal distribution vehicle. They they claim the 1 billion pople worldwide are at risk of iodine deficiency...Iodine was used to cure goiter even before it was known to be iodine Humphrey Davy...had suspected that iodine was an element, but it was Jean-Baptiste Dumas, the French chemist and founder of one of the first schools of industry in France, who, in 1819, proved that iodine was present in natural sponge, which had been a standard treatment for goiter. In treating goiter...China was for centuries ahead of the West. A fourth-century-A.D. Chinese physician, Ko Hung, prescribed an alcoholic extract from seaweed for goiter. Many seaweeds are rich in iodine, which is why the Japanese...have had relatively little experience with the disease...American salt is usually iodized. The British, having few cases of goiter, do not iodize, and the French sometimes, but not always, iodize their salt.\" ---Salt: A World History, Mark Kurlansky [Walker and Company:New York] 2002 (p. 384-386)", "Who suggested iodizing salt? \"The iodination of salt was first suggested by Jean Baptiste Boussingault, who resided for many years in Colombia in South America. The people among whom he lived obtained their salt from an abandoned mine and felt that this salt conferred special health benefits. In 1825 Boussingault analayzed the salt and found that it contained large quantities of iodine. In 1833 he suggested that iodized salt be used for the prevention of goiter. Unfortunately, an experminet carried out in France once more obscured the importance of iodine in the etiology of the disease.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food (p. 799-800)", "Iodized salt in the USA \"Present-day practice in the prevention and control of goiter is based on the work of Dav id Marine, who in 1915 declared that 'endemic goitre is the easiest known disease to prevent.' Marine and his colleague, O. Kimball, carried out the first large-scale trails with iodine in Akron, Ohio, from 1916 to 1920. About 4,500 girls between 11 and 18 years of age took part in the experiment...Mass prophylaxis of goiter with iodized salt was first introduced in 1924 on a community scale in Michigan...By 1929 the average goiter rate had fallen to 9 percent.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food (p. 800)", "\"[1921] U.S. table-salt makers introduce salt iodized with potasium iodine to prevent goiter, but iodization is not mandatory.\" ---The Food Chonology, James L. Trager [Henry Holt:New York] 1995 (p. 433)", "Savita Savita brand vegetable-based vitamin supplement was promoted (& possibly manufactured?) by Battle Creek Foods, Battle Creek Sanitarium, Michigan. Think: Kellogg's. We find no mention of this product in Ella Kellogg's Science in the Kitchen [1893]. The earliest print evidence we find for this product is an ad published in the News-Sentinel, Fort Wayne Indiana, November 28, 1921 (p. 16). This ad offers Savita (Savora). A 1924 ad promoting Battle Creek Health Foods in the Los Angeles Times, June 10, 1924 (p. 8) also offers Savita (Savora). No explanation for the connection between these names.", "[1924] \"Savita.--A Pure Vegetable Meat Flavoring. For Flavoring soups, broths, bouillon, sauces, gravies, etc. Rich in water soluble vitamins and entirely free from uric acid, urea, etc. so plentiful in meat extracts, yet has the appetizing flavor or choicest bouillon or chicken broth. Savita contains in addition to the flavor extractives of meat the wonderful growth-stimulating vitamin, water-soluble B., in highly concentrated form, in which meat extracts are deficient. It was this wonderful vitamin, in a preparation similar to Savita, that saved the English army in Mesopotamia when stricken by beri-beri, acquired on a diet consistint largely of meats and meat extracts.\" ---\"Unusual Foods Referred to in this Book,\" The New Cookery, Lenna Frances Cooper, 9th edition revised [Modern Medicine Publishing:Battle Creek MI] 1924 (p. 462-463) [NOTES: (1) \"The author realizes that reference has been made to a number of products that are not commonly on the market, although they are easily procured either through local representatives in most of the larger cities or directly from the factory, The Battle Creek Food Company, Battle Creek, Michigan. Most of the products are in use at the Battle Creek Sanitarium and since this book is primarily a Sanitarium Cook-Book, the book would not be complete without them.\" (p. 462) (2) This book offer recipes for Savita Bouillon (p. 129), Savita broth (p. 127), Savita cream sauce (p. 188) & Savita rice soup (p. 123).]", "[1926] \"Try the latest culinary delight--Savita Sauce--on your Vegetable Dinner at Child's.\" ---Child's (restaurant) ad, New York Times, May 19, 1926 (p. 4)", "[1928] \"Savita. Concentrated vitamins. A pure vegetable extract which has the appearance and flavor of the finest meat extracts without any of the harmful effects of meat. As much food iron, lime and other salts in a cupful of Sativa as is found in a half pound of meat. Makes delicious sandwiches, sauce and gravies. A boon to Diabetics. Jar, 50 cents & 95 cents...Battle Creek Health Foods.\" ---display ad, Chicago Tribune, February 21, 1928 (p. 6)", "[1932] \"Savita abounds in food iron and has a delicious flavor of mushrooms. Three teaspoons is almost equal to as much iron as found in a pound of beef steak. Delicious in gravy, soup, and bouillon.\" ---display ad, Battle Creek Foods, Washington Post, February 20, 1932 (p. 7)", "[1933] \"Introductory offer. Savita Yeast Tablets, 2 75 cent bottles, 76 cents.\" ---display ad, Chicago Daily Tribune, October 22, 1933 (p. 9)", "[1937] \"Savita--A non-fattening food of concentrated yeast and vegetable extracts. Gives a meat-like flavor to ordinary foods.\" ---display ad, Washington Post, June 12, 1937 (p. 9)", "[1959-1972] According to the records of the US Patent and Trademark Office Sativa brand flavoring was manufactured from 1959-1972 by Miles Laboratories. We cannot confirm the connection between this product and the original Battle Creek Foods.", "\"Word Mark SAVITA Goods and Services (EXPIRED) IC 030. US 046. G & S: FOOD FLAVORING FOR USE IN THE SEASONING OF FOODS. FIRST USE: 19590102. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 19590102 Mark Drawing Code (1) TYPED DRAWING Serial Number 72406002 Filing Date October 26, 1971 Current Basis 1A Original Filing Basis 1A Registration Number 0945891 Registration Date October 24, 1972 Owner (REGISTRANT) MILES LABORATORIES, INC. CORPORATION INDIANA 1127 MYRTLE ST. ELKHART INDIANA 46514 Assignment Recorded ASSIGNMENT RECORDED Type of Mark TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL Affidavit Text SECT 8 (6-YR). Live/Dead Indicator DEAD\" (EXPIRED) IC 030. US 046. G & S: FOOD FLAVORING FOR USE IN THE SEASONING OF FOODS. FIRST USE: 19590102. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 19590102 (1) TYPED DRAWING 72406002 October 26, 1971 1A 1A 0945891 October 24, 1972 (REGISTRANT) MILES LABORATORIES, INC. CORPORATION INDIANA 1127 MYRTLE ST. ELKHART INDIANA 46514 ASSIGNMENT RECORDED TRADEMARK PRINCIPAL SECT 8 (6-YR). DEAD\"", "Sesame seeds Origins & early uses \"Sesame... one of the first oil-yielding plants to be taken into cultivation, in Egypt or the Near East. Wild species, with one exception, are African...The name sesame is one of the few words to have passed into modern languages from ancient Egyptian, in which it was sesemt...Sesame is often mentioned by classical writers. The Greek authors Herodotus (5th century BC) and Strabo (1st century BC) both mention its being cultivated in Babylonia...In the 1st century AD Dioscorides mentioned the sprinkling of sesame seed on bread in Sicily, a practice which has contintinued to the present day, e.g. on hamburger buns. Further east, sesame had long been grown in Persia and India. It was probably introduced from Persia into China early in the Christian era...In Africa the cultivation of sesame dates back to early times not only in Egypt and Ethiopia but also further to the south and west...It was from West Africa that slave traders took seeds to America...In Western and Central Europe sesame seeds are not much used except for sprinking on bread and cakes, but at the eastern end of the Mediterranean it becomes more common.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 713-4)", "India & Persia \"Sesame, an oil plant apparently native to India and domesticated there probably in the second millennium BC. Historians used to believe that sesame was the everyday oil of the ancient Near East, serving as food and medicine and as a base for perfumes. Ancient terms obviously connected with classical Greek sesamon...were tranlated 'sesame'. All is now in doubt because of the entire absence of archaeobotanical evidence for sesame in the ancient Near East before the end of the second millennium BC. Pending earlier finds of sesame seeds, it is now often concluded that linseed was the common oil of ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt and bore these names. On this assumption, whenever sesame was introduced from India, possibly shortly before 1000 BC, it will rapidly have displaced linseed as a food oil--since it is more easily kept fresh...At the Persian King's Dinner...sesame oil was used both in the cooking process and as a seasoning...It remained rather unfamiliar in classical Greece and Rome, but was was observed in use in contemporary Mesopotamia and Egypt...it was one of five oils taxed under Ptolemy II...Sesame grew in Egypt, Syria and Babylon in large quantities by Hellenistic times...The seed was a popular ingredient in cakes, particularly wedding cakes, to judge by Greek literary sources.\" ---Food in the Ancient World From A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003(p. 297)", "\"There is now fairly conclusive evidence that the sesame, rightly called Sesamum indicum, is indeed of Indian origin, its prgenitor being the wild Indian species, S.orientale var. malabaricum which still exists all over the country. This was probably the wild Sesame, or jartila, first mentioned in the Taittirlya Samhita as an uncultivated grain pemitted to ascetics...Both archealogical and literary evidence support the antiquity of the sesame in India. A 'charred lump of sesame' was found in c. 2000 BC layers in Harappa, along with burnt grains of wheat and peas...Sesame oil has played a seminal role in borth north and south India...Sanskrit litrature reveals that from about 500 BC or so, oil was extraced from sesame seed in an animal-drwn mortal-and-pestle device.\" ---A Historical Dictionary of Indian Food, K.T. Achaya [Oxford University Press:Delhi] 1998 (p. 231-232)", "Ancient & Imperial Rome \"Sesame, sesamon, a lightly aromatic seed, was used as a garnish. Hipponax, in the sixth century BC, wrote of not biting bits and hare, not biting pancakes with sesame seeds, not drenching cakes in honeycomb' ...The compound sesamopastos, sprinkled with sesame seeds', is used of a cake or sweet by Philoxenus, which must have resembled a tahini or halva and was used as a filling for cakes; Aristophanes seems to talk of sesame folded into a cake...\" ---Siren Feasts: A History of Food and Gastronomy in Greece, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 1996 (p. 86)", "\"Imperial Rome...Columella, in the first century A.D. reported accurately that \"it [sesame] usually requires loamy soil, but it thrives no less well in rich sand or in mixed ground...\" Pliny, also writing in the first century A.D....appears to have known sesame well...the Romans ground sesame seeds with cumin to make a pasty spread for bread.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume 1 (p. 415)", "North America \"Lowcountry slaves cultivated a much greater range of plants, including many more African varities, in their own plots and gardens than did Chesapeake slaves...Lowcountry slaves...introduced sesame--what they called 'Benni'--to the region. A late-eighteenth-century history of plants noted that South Carlonia slaves bmade both 'soups and puddings' of sesame and used its oil in salads. In 1762, an observer of the 'private fields' of Lowcountry slaves saw their 'beny-seed,' which the bondpeople plnted for 'their own use and profit.'\" ---Slave Counterpoint: Black Culture in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake & Lowcountry, Philip D. Morgan [University of North Carolina Press:Chapel Hill NC] 1998(p. 141) [NOTE: This scholarly book offers extensive footnotes.]", "\"Sesame seeds which may be indigenous to West or Central Africa were groughto America by African slaves andhas impacted significantly upon American Cookery, especially in South Carolina. Here in Carolina Low Country, the sesame seed, called benne in the Mandingo County on the upper Niger River, was pounded into a paste and mixed with hominy, instinctively improving the amount of protein in their diet. A substitute for peanuts, it was mixed with oysters to make a savory, creamy soup, or sprinkled over grilled chicken breast coated with cayenne and grape preserve. The American cook has found ingenious use of sesame seeds to not only improve the fragrance and flavor of their foods, but also to make candies, cookies, desserts, etc. The candies cookerd in the African Americans' home was most often cooked as a 'cash' food to be sold to whites rather than consumption by the cook's family.\" ---Aspects of African American Foodways, Howard Paige [Aspects Publsihing Company:Southfield MI] 1999 (p. 132) [NOTE: recipes for Benne Brittle, Benne Cookies & Benne Cookie Cakes follow.]", "Open Sesame! myths & legends \"Sesame plays a large role in myth and ritual, particularly among the Hindus of India. Most likely, sesame originated in India, though some scholars believe it originated in Africa. Sesame seeds are eaten as food and pressed to make oil, which is use both in cooking and for annointing. Both the seeds and the oil have ritual significance. Hindus make cakes of the seeds and offer them to spirits of the dead. They annoint themselves with oil to bring good luck and to keep evil away. Since antiquity, Hindus have linked sesame with death. For this reason they have traditionally used sesame seeds both in ceremonies for the dead and in ceremonies conducted to counteract the influence of demonic forces...The ancient mythological connections are numerous and widespread. In Hindu myth, Yama, the god of the dead, created sesame, so the people offer both the seeds and the oil to him...Hindus also use sesame seeds in funeral rites for the newly deceased...believing that sesame will offer them protection against evil...Hindus who offer sesame to the living belive that this sacred grain helps remove the contagion of death...There is now doubt that people past and present assigned sesame magical properties. Perhaps the most telling measure of sesame's reputed magic the world over is the effect the phrase 'Open Sesame!' had for Ali Baba in The Arabian Nights iand in various European folktales. The utterance of these words not only opened doors but also secret passages in trees and mountain caves. The power of these words stemmed from the ancient belief that certain plants contained magic and that sesame was one such plant.\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p. 211-212)", "Taro \"Taro...The family has a bewildering range of names. Other common names for the principal kind of taro are colocasia, which has also become the botanical name, and the corresponding Arabi name qulqas, old cocyam, a name used in Africa to distinguish it from new cocyam..Taro originated in India or SE Asia, and may have been first cultivated as early as 5000BC...Cultivation of taro spread eastwards to China (berfore 100 BC) and Japan; and also westward, arriving in Egypt around 100 BC. There it came to the notice of the Latin writer Pliny, who called it the arum of the Egyptians'; and it also picked up the Greek name kolokasia, which had formerly been used for a lotus root. Cultivation spread through Africa, and by the early centuries of the Christian era the plant was a staple crop in W. Africa...The introduction of taro to the Pacific islands had major results for the diet there, since it rapidly became a staple of the region. It is especially important in Hawaii, where the prevailing creation myth states that taro was the first-born of Father Sky and Daughter Earth, humans coming next. Traditionally, the cultivation of taro in Hawaii has been men's work and its sacred character was such that women were not supposed to touch the plants. Indeed the most commonly produced red variety was in former times reserved exclusively for use by the chiefs...The roots of wild plants are tnerally unpleasantly acrid in flavour on account ot the presence of crystals of calcium oxolate, which are clustered particularly thickly under the skin. Selection, even in very early times, of the least acrid plants has led to modern cultivated strains, some of which are mild enough to eat raw. However, the calcium oxolate problem can be overcome by peeling and cooking. When properly prepared, taro has a light, mealy texture like a delicate, floury potato. The flavour is pleasant, light without being insipid, sometimes slightly sweet.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 783-4)", "\"Taro refers to four members of the Aracae family...The last [Colocasia esculenta, true taro] is the most widely distributed, and in many places in Oceania, it was the favored staple. Ancient Hawaiians, perhaps Oceania's most sophisticated agriculturalists, recognized between 150 and 175 distinguishable varieties of taro...Taro was the main staple of the Hawaiians and Samoans. Colocasia taro is believed to have been one of the first root crops to be domesticated...Traditionally, it was found from South Asia through Indonesia to the Pacific. Recent evidence suggests widely distributed multiple sites being highland Papau New Guinea...Polynesian taro, however, had its origins in Indonesia, although New Guinea may have been the immediate area of domestication.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1353-4)", "\"Colocassi is a Cypriot version of the taro, a tropical and temperate plant with large starchy edible tubers. In the case of the colocassi, the tubers are comparatively elongated and slender, with a characteristic stalk-like stump, so that they rather resemble an unfamiliar but suspicious species of tall mushroom. Their name is an alteration of colocasia, the Latin genus name of the taro; this in turn came from Greek lolokasia, a term originally applied ot the edible root of the Egyptian water-lily.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 86)", "\"...the Hawaiians subsisted primarly on taro, its swollen, fleshy corm providing their daily staple. Where taro originally came form is a matter of conjecture, but ethnobotanists suggest that it was first cultivated in India or in Southeast Asia. From there it spread west and east: west to Africa and on to the Caribbean and Latin America with the slave trade; east to China, Japan, and the Polynesian islands, eventually ending up in its most remote location--Hawaii. And nowhere in the world did a people come to depend so heavily on taro as did the Hawaiians....So it is not surprising that the Hawaiians gave taro a prominent place in their creation stories. According to one version, the sky principle, Wakea, mated with the earth principle, Papa, to produce two offspring: from the body of the first, which died, sprang the taro plant; form the second came the human race. The very word for the family in Hawaiian--ohana--is derived from the word for the cormlets--oha--that branch out drom the swollen subterranean stem--the corm--of the plant...In the past, taro was baked in an imu until tender; in recent times, a cleaned, 5-gallon kerosene can eased the job considerably. As soon as the taro was cool, it was peeled. Then it was set on a large, slightly hollowed board about 3 feet long. The man who was to pound the poi sat with his legs straddling the board and pounded it with a stone mallet...From time to time, the man dipped the tips of his fingers into a bowl of water and shook them over the mass of taro, all the while constantly turning it. When the pounded taro was still solid, he stopped. This paiai kept well and was light enoguth to be carried to other locations.\" ---The Food of Paradise, Rachel Laudan [University of Hawai'i Press:Honolulu] 1996 (p. 217-9)", "\"Taro corms are roasted, boiled, or baked, and may be made into cakes. Heating is necessary to remove an acrid, irritating property of the raw corm. Traditionally, the substance blamed for this irritation has been the needle- like crystals of calcium oxalate, which occur throughout the plant and become lodged in the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat. Dumbcane (Dieffenbachia), a household plant, is considered a dangerous poison for the same reason. Now other researchers suspect that one or more additional chemicals may be responsible for the acridity and intense itching and burning of raw taro, which would be injected into mucous membranes by the sharp-tipped calcium oxalate crystals. In the Hawaiian Islands, taro plant is eaten after thoroughly boiled to destroy the toxins; the leaf (luau, also the name of the feast using taro leaves) must be boiled at least 45 minutes over low heat, whereas corms are boiled in a deep pot with salted water for at least an hour or until soft.\" SOURCE: UCLA", "Timbale Defining the term \"timbale\" is a complicated exercise in culinary context. Ingredients, method, purpose, and presentation are period and place dependent. In the most basic sense, timbales are fancy molded compositions combining an outer layer of starch (grain, pasta, rice) with fillings (meat, vegetable, fruit). Some are layered (similar to contemporary lasagne); others are vertical presentations (similar to vol-au-vent). Timbales can be savory or sweet and served at almost any course. The ultimate flexible food application.", "English/Anglo meaning According to the [online] Oxford English Dictionary the word timbale, in the culinary sense, appeared in in English print in1842: \"2. Cookery. A dish made of finely minced meat, fish, or other ingredients, cooked in a crust of paste or in a mould: so called from its shape. 1824 BYRON Juan XV. lxvi. 38 Then there was God knows what l'Allemande,..timballe, and Salpicon. 1866 MRS. GASKELL Wives & Dau. I. xv. 178 Mr. Gibson had to satisfy his healthy English appetite on badly-made omelettes, rissoles, vol-au-vents, croquets, and timbales. 1880 OUIDA Moths I. 25 Eating her last morsel of a truffled timbale. 1899 Westm. Gaz. 16 Sept. 1/3 If I could only have a little sweetbread timbale, she said longingly. 1908 Daily Chron. 10 Apr. 7/5 Chicken Timbales with Sauce.\"", "Italian applications \"Timballo is a tall cylindrical container, timbale in French, and gives its name to any dish cooked in it, usually enclosed in a pastry or pasta lining, which is then unmoulded. The contents can be short or stuffed pasta in a rich sauce, sometimes a besciamella, with the addition of many delicacies like truffles, sweetbreads, artichoke bottoms. This is also called a pasticcio...\" ---Oxford Companion to Italian Food, Gillian Riley [Oxford Univeristy Press:New York] 2007 (p. 528)", "\"Timballo. Timbale. A dish, often with pasta or rice, made in a form and unmolded. Timballini are small molds. From the Arabic at-tabl (the drum). The most famous timballo is the Sicilian timballo di anellini, made with ring- shape dried pasta, balsamello, ground beef and chicken, peas, and vegetables, all wrapped in lettuce leaves and baked in a mold. Timballo di crespelle is crepes layered with spinach, ground meat, giblets, mozzarella, and parmigiano, from Abruzzo.\" ---The Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 257)", "\"Rice is...the protagonist of tummala [timbale], an elaborate casserole from eastern Sicily, which is said to derive its name from that of Mohammad Ibn Thummah, an empire of Catania during the Saracen occupation.\" ---Pomp and Sustenance: Twenty-Five Centuries of Sicilian Food, Mary Taylor Simeti [Ecco Press:Hopwell NJ]1998 (p. 72)", "\"...Lampedusa's timballo is perhaps the summa of an ancient tradition rather than the product of a single recipe. It is curiously reminiscent of the patina apiciana from classical Rome, in which layers of laganum, an early version of lasagna, alternate with layers of chicken, fish, or songbirds. The sugar and the cinnamon recall the timbales and the torta described in fourteenth-century Tuscan cookbooks; the ham and truffles sound a note of nineteenth-century France. Its presence on a princely table in the middle of the nineteenth century, albeit as a provincial alternative to consomme, speaks volumes about the evolution of the Sicilian 'baronial cuisine'.\" ---ibid (p. 182)", "\"Timballo di riso is very simply made, with butter stirred carefully into the rice until each grain is glistening, the timbale then being served with meat, fish, or vegetable sauce.\" ---The Food of Italy, Waverly Root [Vintage Books:New York] 1991 (p. 440)", "\"...popular Abruzzi dishes are...Timballo...based on pancakes, built up in layers with fillings between each two pancakes, built up in layers with filling between each two pancakes of previously fried tiny meat balls, small pieces of chicken, peas, mushrooms which have been pre-fried in butter, diced milk with beaten eggs in it, meat-and-tomato sauce, and nutmeg...\"---ibid (p. 532)", "\"There are homemade dishes, but for holidays and other festive occasions the family may resort to store-bought macaroni, the nearest baker's oven and perhaps even to a professional cook for a mess of maccheroni al forno, oven- baked macaroni, for which the pasta is combined with buffalo cheese, sausage and meat balls into a sort of pie. This is a festive dish in all three of the southern-most provinces, sometimes under the alternative name of timballo di maccheroni.\"---ibid (p. 554)", "French interpretations \"A timbale can be composed of meat, fish, or vegetables in a creamy sauce, or of fruit in Chantilly cream, but its essence is in its shape, which is that of a cup or bowl (the original meaning of timbale in French is 'kettledrum'). The 'case' enclosing a timbale's contents is usually made of pastry, but rice or pasta are also used. Timbales are part of classic French cuisine, and there are numerous specialized recipes...by the end of the nineteenth century it was firmly in place on the best Victorian and Edwardian tables.\" ---An A-Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 343-344)", "\"Timbale. By definition this word (which comes from Arab thabal meaning drum) means a small metal receptacle, round in shape and mostly intended to hold a beverage. Timbales of this kind are chiefly made of silver, sometimes of gold, or sometimes of silver plate, and are of many kinds. Some are simple; others are ornamented. The word timbale, which in the early days was only applied to individual drinking cups, has taken on a much wider meaning, and is used to describe all sorts of bowls, of metal, earthenware and china, larger than those that our fathers used at table, which were of a size to sere two guests together ...These timbales of the new type were used chiefly to serve vegetables and food in sauce. In French culinary parlance today the same word is still used in the phrase dresser en timbale to describe the serving of some preparation in a large bowl, which may be a vegetable dish or leguimier, although used for many other foodstuffs than vegtables. Thus in these timbales-legumiers are served scrambled eggs, food in sauce, purees, custards and othe prepartions, all to some extent liquid. Dresser en timbale in modern culinary parlance often means to heap the food on a platter in a pyramid shape, usually garnished. Culinarily the word timbale means a preparation of an kind cooked or served in a pie crust. Timbapes of this kind are simply a sort of hot pie, which instead of being made in a special mould or dish, usualy inged, are made in plain round mould with high sides. These moulds are sometimes embellished...their sides are...decorated with motifs or [sic] different kinds. These timbales are filled before cooking with forcemat and meats of various sorts...Ther eare many...kinds of timbale which are not filled until after the crust has been cooked...To meet the needs of the ordinary housewife, timbale cases are made in fireproof porcelain in the same shape and colour as the real pie-crusts. But the true gourmand, is not satisfied with a timbale whos crust is not edible; when served with a real timbale, this gourmand enjoys not only the contents but the container too.\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Prosper Montagne [Crown:New York] 1961 (p. 959)", "USA recipes 19th century American recipes, courtesy of Michigan State University's Feeding America digital cookbook project (search recipe name: timbale):", "Tracklements Food historians define \"tracklements\" as a variety of traditional British condiments accompanying meat. They trace the genesis of this term to Dorothy Hartley's Food in England [1954]. Tracklements brand condiments were introduced in the 1970s.", "\"Tracklements is a cover term for a wide range of condiments that go with meat --mustards...relishes, pickled greengages, apple jelly spiked with rosemary, rowan jelly suffused with port wine--the sort of items, in fact, that in the latter part of the twentieth century became widely avaialble in samll nostalgic jars at large prices. The English food-writer Dorothy Hartley claimed to have invented the word, or rather its culinary application. According to her she was reviving an old term for 'impedimenta' in general. However, no trace of such a word has been found before she first used it in the early 1950s, and its origins remain a mystery. One possibility is that Latin tragmata or Greek tragmata, 'spices, condiments' may have been present at its birth.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 348)", "The Oxford English Dictionary (accessed online 28 August 2013) confirms the term \"tracklement\" first surfaces in mid-the 1950s. Unlike most words, this one purportedly has an \"inventor,\" which makes for a great story!", "\"tracklement, n. Pronunciation: /?trk(?)lm?nt/ Etymology: Origin obscure. Dorothy Hartley claimed to have invented this word. She also claimed that her use of it in this sense was a spec. application of an older word, probably dial., meaning appurtenances, impedimenta, but no evidence of such a word has been found. An article of food, spec. a jelly, prepared to accompany meat. 1954 D. Hartley Food in Eng[land]. v. 161 (heading) Mutton tracklements and condiment. 1959 Times 24 Aug. 11/4 A pleasantly astringent, smokily flavoured jelly as a tracklement with mutton. 1971 R. Condon Vertical Smile (1973) xxxvii. 259 A saddle of lamb..delicate enough to accept only such a tracklement as rowan jelly. 1978 Observer 26 Feb. 35/9 Various salads and tracklements are included in the cold table.\"", "The earliest trademark registration with the the United Kingdom Intellectual Property Office is 1996. The trademark was re-registered in 2007.", "Trail mix & gorp The history of trail mix and and gorp-type foods (nutritious, high-energy snacks composed variously of nuts, seeds, dried meats, dried fruits & berries and candy) begins with ancient nomads. These people were experts (they had to be!) at creating portable high-energy snacks that withstood weather and did not require cooking. The practice of drying food for preservation purposes was practiced by many ancient cultures and cuisines, and these foods were relatively easy to obtain.", "As time marched on, so did the trail mix. Ancient travelers, explorers, pioneers, hunters, soldiers, hikers, scouts--anyone needing a lightweight carboload-- have enjoyed some version of this portable treat. Native Americans ate trail mix foods, too. They taught the Voyageurs how to make pemmican.", "Food historians generally place first the commercially manufactured products called trail mix/gorp in California, 1968. This makes sense, given the plentify availability of locally dried fruits (raisins, dates, etc.) and California's reputation for marketing natural foods. Today's American trail mix and gorp typically do not contain meat products. The recipes range from home-made favorites to pricey gourmet pre-packaged items. They can be as healthy or sodium filled/fat-laden as any other food. It all depends upon the ingredients.", "Trail mix This name recalls the old days when people ate mixtures of dried foods while traveling \"on the trail.\" As with many foods, the name preceded the product. Harmony Foods (California) claims to be the first to market a product with this name. The date? 1968. The other company claiming the invention of trail mix is Hadley Fruit Orchards, also in California", "According to the records of the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office Hadley's trail mix product was introduced to the American public in 1968:", "\"Word Mark ORIGINAL TRAIL MIX Goods and Services IC 029. US 046. G & S: Snack food mix consisting primarily of raisins, processed sunflower seeds, processed pumpkin seeds, processed peanuts, processed cashews, processed almonds, soybean oil and/or cottonseed oil and/or canola oil and/or almond oil and salt. FIRST USE: 19680000. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 19770000 Mark Drawing Code (1) TYPED DRAWING Design Search Code Serial Number 76345939 Filing Date December 7, 2001 Current Filing Basis 1A Original Filing Basis 1A Published for Opposition September 24, 2002 Registration Number 2662697 Registration Date December 17, 2002 Owner (REGISTRANT) Hadley Date Gardens, Inc. CORPORATION CALIFORNIA 83555 Airport Blvd. Thermal CALIFORNIA 92274 Attorney of Record John H. Alspaugh Disclaimer NO CLAIM IS MADE TO THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO USE \"TRAIL MIX\" APART FROM THE MARK AS SHOWN Type of Mark TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL-2(F) Live/Dead Indicator LIVE\"", "GORP (aka Good Old Raisins and Peanuts, Granola Oats Raisins and Peanuts) Webster's New Universal Unabridged Dictionary [Barnes & Noble:New York] 1996 suggests this term might have derived from \"GLOP,\" used 1955-1960. Coincidentally? This was also the time when home-made party snack mixes were popular and Chex Mix was born.", "\"Gorp...as a noun, \"gorp\" refers to a mixture of dried fruit, seeds, nuts, and chocolate chips used as high-energy food for athletes, particularly hikers and mountain climbers, a meaning known in print since 1968.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 142)", "Vanilla \"Vanilla...of the great number of orchid family members, Vanilla planifolia...is one of the few to be prized for something other than its flowers. The vanilla bean is the pod fruit of this climbing orchid, which is native to that part of the New World that also gave chocolate to the whole world...However, it was not the Aztecs who first discovered the secret of vanilla, which was one of nature's better-guarded secrets that neither the vanilla flower nor its fruit have a telltale aroma that might have demanded further investigation. Rather, it was the Totonacs, in what has become the Mexican state of Vera Cruz, who discoverd at least 1,000 years ago that if the initially tasteless beans were \"sweated\" in the sun for two or three weeks, and then slowly dried for several months, this process would force the development of vanillin, the major flavor componnent of the beans. It is interested to note that although the Totonacs were subsequently conquered by the Aztecs, they in turn joined forces with the newly arrived Spaniards to overturn the Aztec empire. And this meant that they continued to have a monopoly on vanilla.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food/Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1874-5)", "The indigenous tribes of Mexico were harvesting vanilla pods as early as 6000 B.C. and using them primarily to flavor their chocolate drinks...They also ground up vanilla flowers and wore them around their necks as amulets and medicinal charms. They used vanilla as a perfume, a medicine, a mental stimulant, an insect repellant, and an aprhodisiac...By creating the goddess Xanath, the Totonacs revealed their belief that the gods themselves gave the people vanilla. According to myth, the heavenly vanilla vine continued to bloom and produce fruit on earth to supply not only Xanaths warrior but all of the Totonacs with eternal happiness. Having received this heavenly gift, the people made it their duty to care for the vines, to guard them against theft, and to learn how to increase their productivity, which they did by performing what was called a marriage of vanilla. ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology/Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p. 235)", "Vanilla in Europe \"In its original Central American home vanilla was used by the Aztecs to flavour chocolate, and the first writers in English to mention it when it had crossed the Atlantic with the Spanish describe the process; the natualist John Ray, for instance in 1673: 'vanillas which they mingle with Cacao to make Chocolate'. It fact, when chocolate was first introduced to Europe in the sixteenth century, it was cinnamon that was usually used to flavour it, at is was not until the eighteenth century that vanilla toook over a role it has never held since. But it is as and ingredient of ice cream that vanilla really come into its own: it appears to have been popularized in the USA in the latter part of the nineteenth century...and by the early twentieth century it had established itself as the standard flavouring...The Spanish were responsible not only for importing the vanilla pod to Europe, but also for supplying Europe's languages with a name for it. In Spanish it is vainilla, a diminutive of vaina, 'sheath'--a reference to the long narrow pods.\" ---An A-Z of Food and Drink/John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 355-356)", "\"Vanilla...is one of the few tropical spices indigenous ot the New World, and one of the most popular flavourings worldwide for confectionery and other sweet foods...Vanilla was first used by the Aztecs and its use recorded by the Spanish. Diaz noticed Montezuma drinking tlilxochitl, a drink made from cacao beans flavoured with vanilla...In the second half of the 16th century, the Spaniards imported vanilla beans into Spain and made chocolate flavoured with the spice. Hugh Morgan, apothecary to Elizabeth I, suggested vanilla as a flavouring in its won right and gave some cured beans to the Flemish botanist Clusius who described them in his Exoticorum Libri Decem (1605). Plants were taken to Reunion in 1822 by the French, then to Mauritus in 1827 and to Madagascar in about 1840. But pollination of the vanilla vine is mysterious and only occurs unaided in Mexico--even there only a small percentage of the fruits set naturally. So it was not until Albius, a former slave in Reunion, developled a practical method of pollinating vanilla artificially that commercial cultivation of vanilla became possible. Madagascar, together with the Comor Islands and Reunion, now produces about 80 per cent of the world output of the variety of V. planifolia known as Bourbon vanilla...Much of the vanilla entering western markets is used for its preparation of vanilla extract, a hydroalcoholic solution which contains the extracted aroma and flavour of vanilla...Vanillin, the chief flavouring principle, has been the subject of much attention from flavour chemists. The first synthetic vanillin was produced by German chemists in 1874 was coniferin...Synthetic vanillin can also be produced from other sources such as coal tar extracts...European take- up of vanilla was long restricted to a flavour enhancer for chocolate and tobacco although there was early use of it in puddings...Also, its rarity meant it soon entered the pharmacy, particularly as an aphrodisiac.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food/Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2nd edition, 2007 (p. 823-4)", "There are about a hundred species of the genus Vanilla, all tropical vining orchids...The French were certainly involved in the expansion of vanilla cultivation. There were French colonists in the state of Veracruz in Mexico in the eighteenth century, growing vanilla. The first commercial plantations were there, on vanillas native territory, but they suffered from the inadequacy of the natural pollinators until a series of experiments on greenhouse plants in the Old World showed how to do it better than the bees. The French colonists had to share the technique, derived by Charles Morren in Liege Belgium in 1836, with the neighboring Totonac Indians, who also raised vanilla, because the Totoancs, seeing the vastly increased crops of the French, accused them of thievery. In 1841 a former slave, Edmond Albius, on the island of Reunion, in the Indian Ocean, discovered an even quicker and easier method of pollinating the flowers. This raised the productivity...by a factor of five and encouraged the French to expand vanilla cultivation on their tropical island possessions. ---Americas First Cuisines/Sophie D. Coe [University Of Texas Press:Austin TX] 1994 (p.59-60)", "\"Americans were not much familiar with vanilla until ice cream became popular in the late eighteenth century. Thomas Jefferson discovered its virtues in France and on arriving back in the United States in 1789 sent for some pods from Paris, which must have come from Central America in the first place. By the nineteeth century Americans developed a passion for vanilla, especially as an ice-cream flavoring (by 1932 it as estimated that 75-80 percent of all ice cream was vanilla) and today America uses more vanilla than any other country. Vanilla extract (or \"vanilla essence\") created by Joseph Burnett in 1847, was made by soaking vanilla beans in grain alcohol and water.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food & Drink,/John F. Mariani [Lebhar Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 338)", "\"Although vanilla was used extensively in French cookery, it was not an important flavoring in colonial America, although small quanities of vanilla beans were imported into the United Sates prior to 1800....By the late nineteenth century, vanilla was an important ingredient in American recipes for sauces, ice cream, baked goods, and beverages...As the prices of vanilla and vanillin declined, the flavoring was used in a much wider range of foods and dishes, including custards, puddings, cakes, candies, cookies, meringues, macaroons, and pies. In the 1870s, soda fountain proprietors began using vanilla as a flavoring, and the cream soda was invented...Vanilla manufacturers produced cookbooklets filled with recipes to encourage the use of their products.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America/Andrew F. Smith, editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2004, Volume 2 (p. 569)", "Vinegar The history of vinegar is connected with that of wine. Ancient peoples of many cultures and cuisines appreciated vinegar for its preservative qualities and medicinal attributes. According to the food historians, commercial (large-scale) production began in France during the 16th century. Why? Changing tastes prefered this new flavor over traditional salt preservation. The French were quick to recognize and capitalize on the growing demands of this new market. Italians countered with basalmic vinegar. By the 19th century, vinegar was employed for culinary, medicinal, household and personal uses.", "How old is vinegar? \"Vinegar has been in use for thousands of years and its origins are untraceable. One of the earliest references is from the 5th century BC, where Hippocrates recommended its medicinal powers. However, then as now, its main use has beeen as a flavoring and preserving agent. There was no need to invent vinegar as it makes itself without difficulties.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davisdon [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 827)", "Vinegar in the Ancient world \"Vinegar merely as a condiment was not important, but ut was a very necessary part of food preservation; vinegar and hard brine', says Columella, are essential for making preserves'. In addition, it was commonly used as a drink when diluted with water. This diltuion meant that a small abount of vinegar would go much furhter han the same amount of wine, so it proved to be useful and refreshing drink to take on long journeys where baggage had to be kept to a minimum. It is not surprising therefore that it figured among the rations of the Roman soldiers when on the march. Vinegar was usually manufactured from flat wine and various crushed ingredients such as yeast, dried figs, salt and hone added. It could also be made from other fruits such as peaches, and squill vinegar is also mentioned.\" ---Food in Antiquity: A Survey of the Diet of Early Peoples, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell, Expanded edition [Johns Hopkins:Baltimore] 1997 (p. 161-2)", "\"Vinegar, product of a secondary fermentation of wine (or other alcohol). In the ancient Mediterranean vinegar was practically always made from wine, hence the epic epithet oininon oxos winy vinegar' employed by Archestratus. Although by no means as desirable as fine wine, vinegar has important food uses and has been purposefully made ever since ancient times: instructions are given by Columella. Vinegar is most often used as a culinary ingredient and as a preservative. Numerous medicinal uses are listed by ancient physicians. A vinegar and water mixture, known in Greek as oxykraton, was also used medicinally. A very similar mixture, flavoured with herbs, formed a popular cheap drink...Vinegar is Greek oxos, Latin acetum. These terms are often used metaphorically for bad wine' in comic contexts...\" ---Food in the Ancient World From A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 343)", "French vinegar \"Vinegar (the French word, vinaigre, literally means sour wine') has been produced and used since the Gallo-Roman era; vinegar diluted with water was a common drink of the Roman legionaires. Orleans, an important centre for wine transport on the Loire, soon became the vinegar capital, and hald the French wine vinegar is still produced there. The vinegar merchants' corporation was created in this city in 1394, and in 1580 Henri IV ordered that the profession of vinegar and mustard merchant should be a recognized occupation in the town and its suburbs', which resulted in the perfection of carefully developed production methods.\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Completely revised and updated [Clarkson Potter:New York] 2001 (p. 1287)", "\"It is believed that the first large-scale production of vinegar occurred in France during the 16th century--for use by the French as well as for export to the British Isles and various European countries. It is further believed that the first major quantities of vinegar were produced in England by processing soured beers and ales. The standard table vinegars used in France today are of grape origin; in the United Kingdom (malt), and in the United States (apples).\" ---Foods and Food Production Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine and Glenn D. Considine [Van Nostrand Reinhold:New York] 1982 (p. 2064)", "Wine vinegar \"Vinegar production must have started in ancient times as the natural result of exposure of wine and beer to the atmosphere when uses for soured wine would naturally have developed. The traditional technique for making vinegar is called the Orleans process and involves only partially filling barrels with wine and leaving it there, under the influence of desirable acetobacter, for several months.\" ---The Oxford Companion to Wine, Jancis Robinson, Second edition [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 749)", "\"The best wine vinegar may be made from either white or red wine, the latter having an agreeable mellow taste. Sherry also yields a particularly well- rounded flavour. Wine vinegars of the finest quality are made by a simple and ancient methood known as the Orleans process. Thsi requires the maker not to be in a hurry (the process takes months); to use small barrels (from which the heat engendered by fermentation dissipates quickly); to use wine of good quality; and to provide access to the barrels for air (which will contain acetobacytes, bacteria naturally present in the atmosphere). When the vinegar has developed the required acidity some of it is drawn off and more wine added. This sequence can be repeated for an indefinitely long period.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 828)", "\"At the turn of the century, this city [Orleans, France] was home to more than 200 vinegar producers. Now there is only one, Martin Pouret, a company that refuses to abandon traditional methods. It is run by Jean Francois Martin, who grew up next to the plant in a house built by his great-grandfather Emile Pouret in 1870. It is on the bustling Faubourg Bannier, which once ran through countryside but is now lined with row houses and shops. Mr. Martin's grandmother Jeanne Pouret was the last of the Pourets, who founded the company in 1797. The name became Martin Pouret when she married Robert Martin after World War I. It was the location of Orleans as the Loire River port closest to Paris - it is about 70 miles south-southwest of the capital - that led to its vinegar production in the Middle Ages. The Loire flows from near Lyons in the heart of the country to Brittany on the Atlantic. Goods, especially wine, were shipped on the river from Bordeaux, Burgundy and the Loire Valley, then unloaded in Orleans for the trip to Paris. Canals linked the Loire to Burgundy and the Rhone and ultimately to the Mediterranean. Wine that spoiled on the trip was left at Orleans, and instead of discarding it, the Orleanais made it into vinegar. A vinegar merchants' corporation was founded in 1394; production methods had been defined by 1580. An explanation of the process was eventually provided by Louis Pasteur, who discovered that the fermentation of wine into vinegar was caused by a bacterium. ''With the coming of the railroad by the turn of the century the importance of Orleans as a commercial center began to decline,'' Jean Francois Martin said. Silting also interfered with navigation. After World War II, small vinegar companies gradually began closing, forced out of business by makers using high-speed industrial methods. It takes three weeks for wine to develop into vinegar by the traditional Orleans method. It is then aged in oak for six months. The industrial methods used to produce most vinegar can convert 30,000 liters of wine into vinegar in 24 hours. Unlike the industrial method, the Orleans process does not require heating, thus preserving more flavor of the wine. ''We want to capture the quality of the wine,'' Mr. Martin said. ''That's how the vinegar acquires its pedigree.'' In the Martin Pouret plant two dim rooms contain about 3,000 barrels, called vaisseaux, stacked in rows equally divided between red and white wine vinegar. Each barrel is only three-quarters full, because oxygen is needed for the bacteria to act. In a three-week cycle, a third of the vinegar in a barrel is drawn off and an equal amount of new wine is added. As the alcohol in the new wine is converted into acetic acid, the flavor is enhanced by the vinegar that was already in the barrel. ''We do not have to add new bacteria, but we watch carefully and take samples to make sure the fermentation is consistent,'' Mr. Martin said. After three weeks no further beneficial fermentation takes place, he said. ''When people make vinegar at home with what they call a 'mother,' '' Mr. Martin said, ''they do not control the timing of the fermentation. These people are making spoiled wine, not good vinegar.'' After three weeks, vinegar is transferred to oak casks for aging and is filtered after six months. Flavorings are added just before bottling.\" ---\"The Vinegar That Wants to Be Decanted,\" By Florence Fabricant, The New York Times, November 22, 1989, Section C; Page 3, Column 1; Living Desk", "[1875] \"Vinegar, Wine, French Method of Making. The following is the French method of making vinegar. The wine destined for vinegar is mixed in a large tun with a quantity of wine lees, and the whole being transferred into cloth sacks placed within a large iron-bound vat, the liquid matter is forced through the sacks by superincumbent pressure. What passes through is put into large casks set upright, having a small apurture in their top. In these it is exposed to the heat of the sun in summer, or to that of a stove in winter. Fermentation supervenes in a few days. If the heat should rise too high, it is lowered by cool air and the addition of fresh wine. In the skilfull regulation of the fermentative temperature chiefly consists the art of making good wine vinegar. In summer the process is generally complete in a fortnight, in winter double the time is requisite. The vinegar is then run off into the barrels, which contains several chips of birchwood. In about a fortnight it is found to be clarified, and is then fit for the market. It mus be kept in close casks.\" ---Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery with Numerous Illustrations [Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Co.:London] 1875 (p. 1095)", "\"Balsamic vinegar...is a loaded name. It implies a precious substance, a spice, an aromatic plant, a perfume, a medicine, a cordial--in other words, an exceptional vinegar with all of those attributes. But it is not a vinegar, and it is not prduced in the same way, even through in the early stages of its manufacture a vinegar mother may or may not be used. The genuine product-- recognized by the precise wording of its name, aceto balsamico tradisionale di Modena, and the characteristic shape of the flask in which it is bottled--is a dense, aromatic condiment. In the past, a superfluity of grapes produced a year's supply of fresh young wine, a plentiful amount of vinegar, and much must to boil down to the thick sweet fruity syrup, sapa, or saba, which was used as a universal sweetneer or filling for tarts. The discover of the complex changes which turn this reduced must into extraordinary conciment remains a mystery, but references in classical literature have been interpreted as evidence that something like it has been known for centuries.\" ---Oxford Companion to Italian Food, Gillian Riley [Oxford University Press:New York] 2007 (p. 35) [NOTES: (1)This book provides a detailed description of the manufacturing process. (2) What was \"must?\"]", "\"Balsamic vinegar. A special condiment of Modena and Reggio Emilia made from the boiled-down grape must to one-half its original volume...Some balsamic vinegars are aged a hundred years or longer...The name balsamic refers to the balsamlike aroma of the vinegars made around Modena for a thousand years, and unknown outside that region until recently, and also to its balmlike effect. For centuries, balsamico was used primarily for medicinal purposes and as a sweetener. It was much prized and very expensive and was given as gifts among families, particularly among the nobility, who believed it could ward off the plague. Mere drops would be used to add flavor to a sauce or to dress fruit. Only in the last decade has balsamico become a popular item in the kitchen-- ironically, only after American entrepreneur Chuck Williams brought some from Modena for sale at his Williams-Sonoma kitchen specialty store in San Francisco in 1976; it was offered for sale in the store's national catalog a year later. Interest in the new product among Italian restauranteurs in the United States sparked an interest among cooks in Italy; balsamic vinegar has become as much a staple of American kitchens and restaurants as it is of those in Italy, France, Great Britain and other countries. Balsamico is now used liberally in salads, on grilled meats and fish, and in ways wine vinegar might be. It is added in droplets to orange slices and strawberries.\" ---The Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 28)", "Vinegar in 19th century USA Period cookbooks confirm vinegar was a popular household substance serving many purposes: culinary, medicinal, household and personal. Recipes for vinegar suggest this product was sometimes made at home. Inexpensive commercial vinegars, of various composition, were also available.", "Commercial vinegar \"Vinegar.--One of the most useful and frequently needed articles in the long catalogue of domestic wants, and yet but seldom to be obtained--the ordinary article sold being a diluted and impure solution of acetic acid. Acetic acid is the most common of the vegetable acids, occurring in the juices of a large number of plants. Vinegar in the United States is made chiefly from cider, although whiskey and other alcoholic liquors are brought into service; and even the refuse maple-sap, too poor for sugar, is boiled down, diluted and made into vinegar. The flavor and quality of the vinegar depends entirely upon the material of which it is made, and the quality and condition of that material--thus wine vinegar is the color of the wine producing it. Of all the sources for the production of vinegar, cider made from sound, ripe, sweet apples by a good process, and without adulterations, is undoubtedly the most the most agreeable and serviceable description in use. From the high price of acetic acid, vinegar is frequently adulterated with sulphuric, muriatic or nitric acids, and, in some cases, there is not a trace of acetic acid to be found, the flavor being given by the addition of ether, alum, red pepper, mustard, etc., these adulterations being exceedingly injurious to the delicate organism of the stomach.\" ---The Grocer's Companion and Merchant's Hand-Book, New England Grocer Office [Benjamin Johnson: Boston MA] 1883(p. 162-163)", "Culinary applications \"Vinegar is much used in pickling, sauces, catsups, etc. and during the salad season the grocer should have an excellent article on hand. Mott's cider vinegar is a standard and reliable article produced form their own orchards at Boukville, N.Y.\" ---Grocers' Hand-Book and Directory for 1886 [Philadelphia Grocer Publishing Co.:Philadelphia] 1886 (p. 274)", "Preserving agents--pickles Salad dressings--Vinaigrette (aka French dressing) Substitute for lemons--Vinegar pie Energy & flavor boost--Switchel (also: raspberry vinegar beverage) Confectionery ingredient--Vinegar candy (aka Vinegar taffy)", "Medicinal uses: alcohol cure, burns & scalds, poison antidote \"Vinegar is used principally as a sauce and to preserve vegetables substances; but it is employed externally when an overdose of strong wine, spirit, opium, or other narcotic poison has been taken.\" ---Six Hundred Receipts, worth their weight in gold, John Marquart [John E. Potter and Company:Philadelphia PA] 1867 (p. 77) [NOTE: This book offers 16 recipes for making vinegar from different substances.]", "\"432. Efficacy of Vinegar in curing Burns and Scalds.--Vinegar is a great antiseptic and corrector of putrescence and mortification. The progressive tendency ob burns of the unfavorable kind, or those that are ill-treated, is to putrescence and mortification. When the outward skin is not broken, it may be freely used every hour or two; where the skin is broken, and if it gives pain, it must be gently used. But, equal parts of tepid vinegar and water applied every three or four hours, is the best rule to be directed by.\" ---Mrs. Hale's Receipts for the Million, Sarah Josepha Hale [T.B. Peterson:Philadelphia PA] 1857 (p. 110)", "\"Poisons and Antidotes: Alkalies.--Best remedy is vinegar...Ammonia.--Remedy, lemon-juice or vinegar, afterwards milk and water or flaxseed tea...Belladonna, or Night Henbane.--Give emetics, and then plenty of vinegar and water or lemonade...Mushrooms, when poisonous.--Give emetics, and then plenty of vinegar and water, with does of ether, if handy...For the Sting of a Wasp or Bee.--Spread over the part a plaster of salad oil and common salt; if oil be not at hand, the salt may be used, moistened with water or vinegar.\" ---Mrs. Hale's Receipts for the Million, Sarah Josepha Hale [T.B. Peterson:Philadelphia PA] 1857 (p. 120-123)", "Household uses: disinfectant, meat tenderizer, deodorizer, paint remover (glass) \"An Agreeable Disinfectant...Vinegar boiled with myrrh, sprinkled on the floor and furniture of a sick room, are excellent deodorizers...To Prevent Lamp-wicks from Smoking: Soak them in vinegar and dry them thorougly...To Make Tough Meat Tender: Lay it a few minutes in a strong vinegar water.\" (p. 463-464) \"To Remove Mortar or Paint from Window Glass: Rub mortar spots with a stiff brush dipped in sharp, hot vinegar, and paint spots with camphene and sand.\" (p. 499) ---The Model Cook Book, Mrs. Frances Willey [Stanton Publishing Co.:Chicago IL] 1890", "Personal uses:: perfume & breath freshener \"617. Lavender Vinegar.--Prepare a stone jar or bottle, and to each pint of vinegar put into it, add half an ounce of fresh lavender flowers; cover closely, and set it aside for a day or two; then set the jar upon hot cinders for eight or ten hours; and when cold, strain an bottle it. It is a refreshing perfume.\" ---Mrs. Hale's Receipts for the Million, Sarah Josepha Hale [T.B. Peterson:Philadelphia PA] 1857 (p. 148)", "\"607. Bad Breath from Onions.--A few leaves of parsley eaten with vinegar, will prevent any disagreeable consequences from eating onions.\" ---Mrs. Hale's Receipts for the Million, Sarah Josepha Hale [T.B. Peterson:Philadelphia PA] 1857 (p. 146)", "What is \"Mother of Vinegar?\" \"Vinegar: may be briefly described as a low percentage diluted natural acid--generally acetic acid. It is obtained by the conversion of the alcohol contained in a liquid--wine, cider, beer, etc.--into acid as the result of the activity of a class of acid-producing bacteria. The cloudy, stringy-looking matter in the bottom of acetifying casks is formed by the multipication of these bacteria and is hence known as the \"Mother of Vinegar.\" ---The Grocer's Encyclopedia,, Artemas Ward [National Grocer:New York] 1911(p. 667)", "Recommended reading: Pickled, Potted, and Canned: How the Art and Science of Food Preserving Changed the World, Sue Shepard [Simon & Schuster:New York] 2000 (p. 96) [NOTE: This book has an entire chapter on vinegar, including the use of vinegar in Asian cuisines.]", "Water cress Sometimes linguistic evidence helps us trace origins. Sometimes linguistics pose compliated challenges. Such may be the case with watercress. While food historians generally agree water-cress, as we know it today, originated in the Mediterranean region, it is possible a related plant was consumed earlier under a different name.", "Origins: ancient Greece & Rome \"Watercress...a useful perennial plant with a long season, which in some regions extends right through the year...Watercress shares membership with mustard, and both plants owe their pungency to substances of the same kind. Watercress grows wild in Europe and Asia, and also in America since its introduction by European immigrants. Wild watercresses have been continuously popular since ancient times, not only for their pleasantly biting taste, but also for a wide variety of supposed health- giving properties. Thus the Greek general Xenophon made his soldiers eat it as a tonic.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 837)", "\"Native to Asia Minor and the Mediterranean region, watercress (Nasturtium officinale) grows wild wherever shallow moving water is found...Ancient cress seeds found in Egypt probably arrived from Greece and Syria, where cress is found among a list of Assyrian plants. Dioscorides maintained that watercress came form Babylon...Stronger-flavored kinds of watercress were preferred in medieval Italy, where they allegedly provided a variety of medicinal benefits.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 295)", "\"Watercress has been known since the time of Artaxerxes, who apparently had a passion for it. So did the ancient Greeks and Romans. Its botanical name of Nasturtium officinale reminds us that this cruciferous plant has the kind of flavour that wrinkles the nose. With its mustardy bite, it is an aromatic plant...It used to be eaten to give strength, courage and character, as recommended by Artisphophanes...Its richness in iodine, sulpher, iron and vitamin C may explain its reputation.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble:New York] 1992 (p. 700)", "Water cress & garden cress \"It is recorded that the Romans ate water-cress with vinegar to ad the cure of mental complaints, and it was certainly eaten, if not cultivated, before their time. Garden cress has a long history of cultivation, which is hardly surprising as it is so easy to grow. Its origins are thought to be in Persia; it is listed among Assyrian plants and Dioscorides states that it came from Babylon. It spread through Syria to Greece and to Egypt, where ancient cress seeds have been found. Cultivated in Greek gardens at the time of Theophrastus, it is also briefly mentioned by Pliny.\" ---Food in Antiquity: A Survey of the Diet of Early Peoples, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell, expanded edition [Johns Hopkins University Press:Baltimore MD] 1998 (p. 123) ?", "China \"In China, where [water cress] has a name meaning 'western water vegetable', watercress is commonly used in soup but is not eaten raw.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 837)", "\"Watercress...Plants related to watercress...most of them weeds, occur widely around the world in streams, swamps and other low-lying areas...Some scholars identify the ting-li, a minor cultivated vegetable mentioned in the Ch'i-min yai-shu, as one of these, Nasturtium indicum...An early medicinal and salad plant of the Mediterranean region, watercress...was introduced to Hong Kong about 1890, whence it spread to the mainland. A temperate land aquatic drop, it is now an important winter crop in South China, reproduced not by seed but by cuttings. Rather than being used in salads as in the West, it is cooked as a green, usually in soup or with meat dishes.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry, Frederick J. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1989 (p. 145)", "\"Watercress...may also be an introduction from the West, judging by its Chinese name, hsi yang ts'ai (western ocean vegetable). It is used very commonly in soup but is not eaten raw. It is a great tonic, believed to be one of the best remedies for overheating (in terms of humoral medicine). The soups are often combined with such strength-producing items as certain fish and internal organs like duck gizzards. Liking the shallow water, watercress competes directly with rice in many areas but is a higher-priced crop.\" ---Food of China, E. N. Anderson [Yale University Press:New Haven CT] 1988 (p. 156-157)", "India \"Watercress. This is Nasturtium officinale, in Sanskrit mandupaparni, in Hindi chanchu or chandrasur, which is first mentioned in Sutra literature (800-300BC), and appears in medical literature as a material which intensifies or accelerates the body metabolism.\" ---A Historical Dictionary of Indian Food, K.T. Achaya [Oxford University Press:Delhi] 1988 (p. 267)", "Western cultivation \"...cultivation of the plant is commonly said to have begun at Erfurt in Germany, in the mid-16th century. It was not practiced in England and the USA until the beginning of the 19th century...Watercress is usually eaten raw as a salad vegetable. The Romans ate it thus, dressed with pepper, cumin, mastic leaves, and garum. It can also be cooked, though this destroys the pleasant sharpness, and it makes a good soup.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 837) ?", "United Kingdom \"There are three mentions of holan cersan (hollow cress) which cannot be identified with any certainty; all one can say is that there were apparently a few varieties of cress-like plants that were eaten.\" ---A Second Handbook of Anglo-Saxon Food and Drink: Production and Distribution, Ann Hagen [Anglo-Saxon Books:Norfolk UK] 1995 (p. 40)", "\"Gerard (1633) recommended watercress as a remedy...Francis Bacon advised that is would restore youth to ageing women...In fact watercress does contain useful amounts of vitamins A and C, together with iron and other minerals, but no one has identified any mysterious curative substances in it. Irish believe if the virtues of watercress is especially strong...as a pure food for sages'...Growing wild in the pure and unpolluted waters of West Ireland, the watercress is of exceptional quality.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 837)", "\"Cultivation of watercress for sale in markets dates to about 1800 in England, although wild watercress was doubtless gathered by humans for many millennia.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 295)", "France \"Very popular in the Middle Ages, when it was called kress and France and cress in English, watercress was also used to make remedies for external use...The Menagier de Paris and the Viandier, to mention only those two medieval culinary treatises, give recipes for cooking watercress; it was usually eaten cooked at the time.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint- Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble:New York] 1992 (p. 700)", "\"Water cress (cresson)--in Lent, cooked with almond milk.\" \"Poree de cresson (Viandier, 153)...Stewed Cress. The Viander suggest that cress is a good remedy for gallstones...The Regime tresultile recommends that anyone eating gross meats such as beef, pork or stagmeat should eat only one meal a day and should often eat 'things that are laxative and appetitive such as parsley, cress, and wild celery,' Although the Viandier's recipe calls specifically for garden cress, it works equally well with the watercress variety. Medieval cooks parboiled greens (a treatment advisable in principle because products of the earth tended naturally to partake of the earth's cold and dry temperament), chopped them, sauteed them in butter or animal fat, then boiled them again in meat broth, adding cheese.\" ---Early French Cookery: Sources, History, Original Recipes and Modern Adaptations, D. Eleanor Scully & Terence Scully [University of Michigan Press:Ann Arbor] 1995 (p. 257, 259) [NOTE: This book includes original medieval French recipe and modern redaction. Both use cress, not specifically water cress.]", "Wheat Domesticated wheat descended from earlier wild grains. Most notably? Emmer and Einkorn. This Old World grain was introduced to the New World as part of the Columbian Exchange.", "\"The wheat now growing in vast fields stretching across the Great Plains of North America had its beginnings in the eastern Mediterranean region, where the wild grass Triticum aestivum originated to become one of the first of the domesticaed grains and ultimately one of the world's two most important superfoods. Wheat was probably first domesticated in the Middle East many thousands of years ago. The ancient Egyptians made bread from it, but only later did the Greeks adopt wheat in preference to emmer. Later still, one of the reasons for the expansion of Rome was the need for wheat, and thej Romans turned Egypt into a wheat-growing breadbasket for their empire. Wheat reached northern China later than it reached the West, and in eastern Asia it jouned millet as a major crop.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambrdige] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1878) [NOTE: Emmer, Einkorn and Spelt have sepearate entries.]", "\"Wheat...appeared as a crop among the world's first farmers 10,000 years ago. It increased in importance from its initial role as a major food for Mediterranean poples in the Old World to become the world's largest cereal crop...The real story of iots origins disappeared from memory many millennia in the past, although some farming peoples still recount tales of how they received other cultivated plants from gods, animate spirits, heroic ancestors, or the earth itself...Domesticated wheats belong to at least three different species...and hundreds of distinct varieties...All domesticated wheat has lost the physical and genetic characteristics that would allow itself aggressively to reseed and sprout by itself...Although humans domesticated wheat, one may argue that dependence on wheat also domesticated humans. The switch from gathering food to producing food, dubbed the \"Neolithic Revolution\"...ultimately and fundamentally altered human development. Both wheat and barley, destined to feed the great civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece and Rome, originated in the Near East, the earliest cradle of Western civilization...\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge University Press:Cambrdige] 2001, Volume One (p. 159) [NOTE: The chapter devoted to wheat in this book runs from p. 159-174. Your librarian will be happy to help you obtain these pages.]", "\"Wheat, in this article, means club wheat, durum waet and bread wheat (see separate entries from Einkorn; Emmer; Spelt). These are 'naked' or free- threshing wheats, not requiring to be parched before threshing and therefore demanding less time and trouble in preparation than emmer. Club wheat developed from emmer in cultivation. The earliest evidence for it comes in Syria and Turkey, not long after 8000 BC. It spread very rapidly in cultivation, as far east as Baluchistan by 6000 BC, and as far west as southern France by 5500. In western Europe, emmer and einkorn arrived on the scene later than club wheat. There is little evidence of club wheat in Pharaonic Egypt. Turning to Greece, club wheat was being grown in Crete and in Thessaly soon after 6000 BC. At some time in the later prehistoric period durum wheat begins to be distinguishable as a separate variety or group of varieties. Bread wheat is a new species that arose in cultivation. its appearance on the scene is much later than that of club wheat: it seems to have originated in northwestern Iran, not far south from the Caspian, in the late second millennium BC. Wheat was the preferred staple food of the classical world; club wheat and durum wheat for flat cakes, flat breads and eventually for pasta; bread wheat for raised bread. The two obvious alternative cereals, barley and emmer, were suitable for some types of cakes and biscutis, and made a better basis for broths and gruels than does wheat, but they were little use for bread.\" ---Food in the Ancient World from A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003(p. 348-9)", "Symbolism & myths \"Wheat...is the grain that has served as a symbol of ancient harvest deities from the Hittite civilization to the civilizations of ancient Egypt and classical Greece and Rome...Because wheat was the staff of life, people considered it a divine gift, and they made it the focus of ritual from early times...The people perceived wheat as a benevolent grain from the benevolent god, who according to the Old Testament chose to bestow the gift of the wheat harvest as a reward to the righteous and chose to destroy the wheat harvest as a punishment to evildoers. In the New Testament, Jesus used wheat in his agricultural parables to illustrate the notion of resurrection...Long before Jesus...people understood the notion of death and rebirth when they witnessed the cycles of nature...Early people organized their lives around the seasonal calendar. They celebrated the gift of grain by conducting elaborate agricultural rituals during critical times in the seasonal cycle. In Greek myth, the goddess Demeter gave wheat to the people, and the people who worshiped her understood the revelation of the harvest...Many beliefs surrounding wheat applied to grain crops in general...The dieties of people credited with the discovery and cultivation of wheat were culture heroes; they helped human beings advance by teaching them how to live off the land and control the production of food. The Ancient Egyptians credited by Isis and Orisis with teaching them the cultivation of both wheat and barley...\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-Clio:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p.244-5)", "American wheat Is it true that wheat was introduced to North America by the English when they started colonizing in the 17th Century? Yes, but this grain didn't flourish in these colonies until much later. The Spanish are actually credited for introducing this crop to the New World in the 16th century.", "\"In the sixteenth century, colonists from the Old World brought wheat to the New World: The Spanish intorduced it to Argentina, Chile, and California where the cereal flourished in climates and soils that closely resembled the lands where it had already been grown for thousands of years.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge University Press:Cambrdige] 2001, Volume One (p. 170)", "\"There is no evidence that wheat existed in the New World before Columbus brought it to Isabela on Hispanolia in 1493, and it was introduced to Mexico by Hernando Cortes as of 1519. The Spanish missionaries brougth the grain to Arizona and California in the eighteenth century. In the East wheat was sown unsuccessfully by the Pilgrims, who made do with corn, and in Virginia tobacco was a more profitable crop, so wheat was relegated to a minor role in that colony. It was not until it was planted in the Mississippi Valley in 1718 by the Company of the West that wheat became an important Amercan crop, increasingly so during the Civil War, when the mechanized Northern harvesters brought in far more wheat for their troops than the Southerners could with manual labor.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 345)", "\"Under ordinary circumstances, the colonists might have been expected to abandon corn as soon as grains they knew better became available, as they did soon, for rye, barley, oats and wheat were all planted in America in the seventeenth century. Adaptable as those grains are, they were slow to accustom themselves to a new climate and for a long time failed to give yields sufficently important to drive out corn--particularly the grain colonists would have proferred above all others, wheat. In New England wheat was attacked by a smut disease called \"the blast'; in Virginia it did not do well either, for it was planted chiefly on land already exhausted by having grown one fo the most soil-depleting of all plants, tobacco. As late as the end of the eighteenth century wheat was still so rare and so dear that it might as well not have been there at all, so far as the great mass of working people were concerned, though their chief food was bread. A laborer's average wage at this period was two shillings a day, which meat that it would take him four days at least to earn enough money to buy a bushel of wheat, whos lowest quality was priced at eight shillings and up.\" ---Eating in America: A History, Waverly Root & Richard de Rochement [William Morrow:New York] 1976 (p. 61)", "Yogurt Food historians generally agree the genesis of yogurt and other fermented milk products was discovered accidentally by Neolithic peoples living in Central Asia. These foods occured naturally due to local climate and primative storage methods. About milk, sour milk & sour cream. Yogurt has long been associated with good health and long life. Yogurt became popular in America after WWII.", "\"Soured milk or curds have surely been consumed by many peoples from the earliest Neolithic times, but little remains as direct proof of this. They were fairly certainly used in Mesopotamia and Palestine, and possibly Egypt, and Pliny later mentions their production by barbarian'tribes.\" ---Food in Antiquity: A Survey of the Diet of Early Peoples, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell [Johns Hopkins University Press:Baltimore] 1997, expanded edition (p. 51)", "\"Milk being highly perishable, of course, a few hours would be enought to start it fermenting in the climate of the Near East. Depending on the temperature and the kind of bacteria in the air, the curds might develop into something pleasant and refershing, or something quite uneatable even by the Neolithic peoples, whose tastes were necessairly less rigid than those of their modern counterparts. The curds might also be either fine or coarse. The finer type was to develop ultimately into the sharp, creamy substance represented today by the yoghurt of the Balkans, the taetta of Scandinavia, the dahi of India. The coarser kind, strained off, would make the first soft, fresh cheese...Whatever the background to the early discoveries, however, curds, cheese, yoghurt and butter all developed into useful ways of preserving milk that was surplus to the people's immediate requirements...\" ---Food in History, Reay Tannahill [Three Rivers Press:New York] 1988 (p. 27-9)", "\"Yoghurt is one of the fermented milk foods whose origins are probably multiple. It is easy enough to imagine how, in parts of C. or W. Asia, unintended fermentation of milk could have produced something like yoghurt, and that people would have noticed that this would keep for much longer than fresh milk, besides tasting good. There is another advantage which applies particularly to many Asians...Yoghurt is the Turkish name for the product, long since adapted into the English language, no doubt because yoghurt reached W. Europe through Turkey and the Balkans.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 859)", "\"There can be few foodstuffs in recent times that have gone through such an orthographic identity crisis as yoghurt. In the days when it was known only as an exotic substance consumed in Turkey and other parts of the Near East (first reported in English in 1625 by Samuel Puchas in his Pilgrimes...) the original Turkish name of this fermented milk, yoghurt, inspired a whole lexicon of spellings...The notion of fermenting milk with bacteria to form a semiliquid food is nothing new, of course. Neolithic peoples of the Near East almost certainly ate a form of yoghurt around 6000 BC, and certainly it was popular in ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome. It seems to have been take from Persia ot India, and today it is an important ingredient in Indian cookery.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 373)", "\"Yogurt, like cheese, was discovered long ago, when wandering herdsmen carrying mik in sheepskin bags noticed that the milk had curdled. People likely discovered both cheese and yogurt in the beginning of the Neolithic era, when they first began to practice milking. Nomadic herdsmen milked their animlas, then carried the milk in pouches made out of sheep's stomachs, the lining of which contains an enzyme called rennin, which curdles milk. The Middle Eastern climate was ideal fo curdling milk: left in the heat, milk curdled in just a few hours. Depending on the degree of heat and the type of bacteria in the environment, the curds would be find and develop into yogurt, or coarse and develop into cheese. Yogurt was most likely discovered by accident. As a product of milk, it was assigned similar properties. Milk and milk products have always been considered nothing short of magical. In fact, it has been suggested that the milk in the biblical phrase milk and honey' referred to yogurt. As soon as the wandering herdsmen discovered the curdled milk, they tasted it and found it to their liking. It was not long before they perceived health benefits that they attributed to the curdled milk...Peasants in the Balkans live a long time, particuarly in Bulgaria, and furthermore, many of them retain their ability to conceived late in life. Both of these abilities have been attributed to the fact that these people eat large quantities of yogurt, and that yogurt apparently has healing properties.\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara] 2000 (p. 250)", "\"Yogurt may have been known by the ancient Greeks as pyriate. Andrew Dalby...argues that the Greek physician Galen (c. 130-c. 200) was correct to identify this older term, pyriate, with the oxygala familiar in his own day, which was a form of yogurt and was eaten on its own or with honey. The first unequivocable description of yogurt is found in a dictionary called Divanu luga-i turk, compiled by Kasgarli Mahmut in 1072-1073 during the Seljuk era in the Middle East (1038-1194). Yogurt spread rapidly throughout the Levant, but it hardly penetrated the Western and northern Mediterranean.\" ---A Mediterranean Feast, Clifford A. Wright [William Morrow:New York] 1999 (p. 184-5)", "\"Yoghurt... was known in France as early 1542, when Francois I was suffering from what would now be diagnosed as severe depression. The doctors could do nothing for his listessness and neurasthenia until the Ambassador to the Sublime Porte disclosed that there was a Jewish doctor in Constantinople who made a brew of fermented sheep's milk of which people spoke in glowing terms, even at the Sultan's court. The King sent for the doctor, who refused to travel except on foot; he walted through the whole of southern Europe, followed by his flock. When he finally arrived before Francois I, the latter's apathy had given way to a certain impatience but he still did not feel well. After several weeks of sheep's milk youghurt, the King was cured. The sheep, however, had not recovered from their long walk and caught cold in the air of Paris. Every last one of them died, and the doctor left again, refusing to stay despite the King's offers. He went home, taking the secret of his brew with him. The health of Francois I continued to improve, which was the point of the exercise, and yoghurt was forgotten for nearly four centuries...The koumis of Central Europe is made from fermented mare's milk, but its origin lies in farthest Asia. The barbarian' Huns and Mongols brought it with them. In the past Western Europe made milk-based drinks which were not yoghurt, but were more like kefir or diluted and flavoured curds. Such drinks bear withness to the memory of ancient migrations: they are the beverages of people who did not grow vines and whos only wealth was the flocks they drove ahead of them.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat , translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992 (p. 119-20)", "\"[Yogurt] first gained international prominence in the early 1900s when Ilya Metchnikov, a Russian bacteriologist, observed that the life span of Bulgarians, whose diet included the consumption of large quantities of soured milk, was eighty-seven years and beyond.\" ---Craig Claiborne's The New York Times Food Encyclopedia, Joan Whitman compiler [Times Books:New York] 1985 (p. 489)", "American yogurt \"Turkish immigrants are said to have brought yogurt to the United states in 1784, but its popularity dates only from the 1940s, when Daniel Carasso emigrated to the United States and took over a small yogurt factory in the Bronx, New York. He was soon joined by Juan Metzger, and the two sold their yogurt under the name Dannon (originally Danone, after Daniel Carcasso whose father was a Barcelona yogurt maker). In 1947 the company added strawberry fruit preserves to make the first \"sundae-style yogurt.\" When nutrition promoter Benjamin Gayelord Hauser published an excerpt from his book Live Younger, Live Longer (1950), in the October 1950 issue of Reader's Digest magazine extolling the health virtues of yogurt, the product's sales soared. They leaped again--500 percent from 1958-1968--when so-called health foods were popularized by the counterculture of the 1960s.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 355)", "[1943] \"Bulgarian Yogurt. Yogurt is a type of sour milk somewhat like adicolpilus milk which is soured with a viril strain of Bulgarian bacteria. The advcantages of using yogurt rather than sweet milk, ordinary sour milk, or buttermilk are numerous. The bacteria in buttermlk and ordinary sour miks cannot live at body temperature; nor can they survive the hydrochoric acid of the stomach. Hence they cannot live and multiply in the digestive tract. The principal reason for drinking yogurt is that its bacteria can live and multiply in the intestinal tract. The work of several scientists, especially Dr. Gustav Martin of the Warner Institute of Therapeutic Research, shows that the bacteria in yogurt actually manufacture or synthesize vitamins of the B famnily. For example, the bacteria for yogurt makes some of the anti-gray-hair vitamins. They also produce the vitamin which stimulates the growth of hair supply biotin which is of tremendous importance to mental health. Yogurt has long been the staple food of the Bulgarians. These people are noted for their vigor and longevity. Any kind of milk can be used for making yogurt--whole milk, skimmed milk, dry milk, or canned milk mixed with water. You can obtain yogurt from the leading dairies everywhere. Let your milk man bring you a 1/2 pint bottle of yogurt three times a week. With it you can make at least 6 quarts of delicious yogurt; simply add 1/2 bottle of yogurt to a quart of milk. The yogurt bacteria must be kept warm so that they can multiply and sour the entire quart. In cold weather the milks hould be kept near a pilot light or the hot-water heater. In warm weather the milk sours at room temperature. Remember the bacteria live on the sugar of the milk and break it down into lactic acid. This causes the milk to curdle and to become like junket; as soon as this happens, place the bottle in the refrigerator. The coldness stops the further growth of the bacteria and prevents the milk from becoming too sour. If the milk is kept too warm, the curds separate and the beverage vecomes less appetizing. In addition to being a healthful drink, yogurt is also delicious when eaten like junket, plain or with fruit, or sweetened with honey or black molasses or, if you like, a bit of cinnamon. Yogurt makes excellent salad dressings, and is especially good on restricted diets, such as the Seven Day Elimination Diet. Simply add to thick yogurt a bit of lemon juice, some onion, parsley, or any other flavor you like. For the sake of variety you could go completely Bulgarian and add a bit of dill or garlic.\" ---Diet Does It, Gayelord Hauser [Coward-McCann:New York] 1943 (p. 232-233)", "[1946] \"Yogurt. One pleasant way to obtain many of the B vitamins is to drink milk fermented with Bulgarian milk cultures, as acidophilus milk and yogurt. There milk contain bacteria which live in the intestinal tract and make, or synthesize, B vitamins for themselves--those vitamins which are so necessary for health and good looks. Yogurt is fast becoming a fashionable food since the publication of Diet Does It. In large cities now you can buy it from dairies in fifteen-cent bottles. If you are in the money, you can simply buy it regularly and eat to your heart's content. If you're not in the money, you can still eat to your heart's content because one fifteen-cent bottle will make quarts and quarts of yogurt for you and your relatives and your inlaws-- if you like them enough. This is how you do it: Simply heat a quart of milk to lukewarm, not boiling. Then take 2 tablespoons of yogurt from your little bottle and mix it into the warm milk, using a wooden spoon. Put the milk back into the quart bottle and set the bottle in a warm place--over a pilot light, near a radiator, over hot water, wherever is most convenient. It is much like setting bread dough to raise--you want a place which will keep the yogurt warm but not cook it. Let it stand there for 6 to 8 hours, until the milk curdles and solidifies like junket. As soon as it is firm, put it on ice, otherwise it will get too thick. When this quart is gone, make another quart, using another 2 tablespoons from your little bottle, and so on until the little bottle is used up. Then you buy another fifteen-cent bottle and start again. If the dairies in your town have not yet begun to make yogurt, you can still have it. Go to a health food store and ghuy a bottle of yogurt culture, then follow the directions on the package. Any kind of milk can be used to make yogurt--whole milk, skim milk, powdered milk, or evaporated milk mixed with water. If you are on a reducing diet, enjoy your yogurt without a twinge of conscience by using milk with the fat removed.\" ---The Gaylord Hauser Cook Book: Good Food, Good Health, Good Looks, Gayelord Hauser [Coward-McCann:New York] 1946 (p. 235-236) [NOTE: this book also offers recipes for Yogurt Reducing Dressing and Yogurt Sauce.]", "[1950] \"The Ideal Diet. Every mouthfull you eat does you either good or harm. The secret of agelessness lies in eating intelligently, in liking to eat only those foods which are good for you. The ideal diet for long life is plenty of protein (milk--especially yogurt*--eggs, lean meat, lean fish, fresh cheese)...*Yogurt: A semisolid cheeselike, or sometimes thickly fluid, preparation from milk partly evaporated and then fermented by Lactobacillus bulgaricus.)...Excellent yogurt can be purchased in many food stores. It can be eaten plain; seasoned with fresh or canned fruits; or made into a sundae with maple syrup, honey or blackstrap molasses. It is a ',ist' on the Live Longer diet. Among the Bulgarians where yogurt is a part of each meal but where diet is not outstanding in other respects, the life span is longer than that of any other peoples in the world; Bulgarians are credited with retaining the characteristics of youth to an extremely advanced age.\" ---\"Look Younger, Live Longer,\" Gayelord Hauser, condensed version, Readers Digest, October 1950 (p. 158-159)", "[1951] \"Yogurt is a 'must' among the wonder foods because it is an excellent source of easily assimilated, high quality protein and contributes significant quantities of calcium and riboflavin to the diet. Yogurt fills a need that has long existed--that of a luncheon dish or a between-meal or bed-time snack. So many people eat what I call 'foodless foods' at such times--devil's cakes, pastries, cinnamon toast made with white bread lavishly sprinkled with white sugar. A taste for yogurt is acquried quickly; you will become fonder and fonder of it as time goes on. It is a god hunger satisfier and, most important of all, contributes much-needed vital food factors with every mouthful...Yogurt and the acidophilus or bulbgarius cultured milks have undergone many ups and downs in popularity. They have been advocated for everything from 'that tired feeling' to typhoid fever. My interest in yogurt is wholly concerned with nutrition, and form a nutritional point of view it has much to contribute. Bulgarians are credited with retaining vigor, vitality, and the characteristics of youth to an extremely advanced age; their longevity is traditional. Yogurt and certain cultured milks constitute a major item of diet for the Bulgarian peasant. To state that all of these virtues stem solely from the consumption of yogurt is to treat the subject most superficially; climate, heredity, and other factors must be considered. But clearly the Bulgarians have established the nutritional excellency of yogurt. That, and that alone, first attracted me to yogurt and caused me to investigate and study it. Its superior nutritive qualities caused me to recommend it to my students, and my faith in it has been justified in every respect...My favorite yogurt is made by beating into a pint of water the following ingredients: 1 1/2 cups of powdered skim milk; 3 tablespoons of previously made (or commercial) yogurt; and 1 large can of evaporated milk. When this mixture is beaten smooth, this should be added to 1 quart of water and poured into glasses which are set in a large pan containing enough warm water to ready the top of the glasses. The pan should then be set over a warming unit, pilot light, or simmer burner and the temperature of the water kept between 105 and 135 degrees Fahrenheit...The yogurt should thicken and be ready to chill on 3 hours. If it requires longer time, the temperature probably has run too low. Yogurt can be eaten plain; seasoned with chives or other herbs; served with fresh or canned fruits; or made into a sundae with maple syrup, honey, or blackstrap molasses.\" ---Look Younger, Live Longer, Gayelord Hauser [Crest Books:New York] 1951 (p. 27-28)", "Zucchini Zucchini (aka vegetable marrow, Italian squash) is a fine example of New World foods circuitously introduced to the USA via Europe. In this case? Italy. The word \"zucchini\" is the Italian diminutive for the word \"gourd,\" [zucca].", "\"Zucchini, the Italian and American name for what the French and many English speaking people call courgettes, any of several varieties of squash...which have been developed for this purpose and are still relatively small...when mature, or small young specimens of other varieties of the same species which belong to the vegetable marrow group and would grow much larger if left alone. This is one of the most attractive and delicious of the cucurbit vegetable fruits, but only became prominent in the 20th century. In the 1920s, when the learned Dr. Leclerc was writing, the French still referred to courgettes d'Italie, and it seems clear that it was the Italians who first marketed the vegetable marrows in a small size; and that it is therefore appropriate tho choose their name zucchini rather than the French name...The 19th-century French author Vilmorin-Andrieux...gave a illustration of the elongated variety of marrow grown in Italy...The English translator added, more than half a century before the hour of the zucchini struck: 'This should be tried in England.' Vilmorin, incidentally, had given the Italian name as cocozello di Napoli. That there is no true English name reflects the fact, that, although courgettes were mentioned...in a few English recipe books of the 1930s, they only became popular in England after Elizabeth David in the 1950s and 1960s had introduced them...to readers of her books; and that as zucchini they had a similarly late arrival in the USA, where Italian immigrants made the introduction.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson, second edition edited by Tom Jaine [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2006 (p. 866-7)", "[1892] Pellegrino Artusi's Italian culinary classic Science in the Kitchen and the Art of Eating Well [1892] contains recipes for Zucchini Pie, Zucchini with Meat Filling and Zucchini with Oregano. The book has been recently republished in English by Marsilio in New York.", "[1901] \"'Zucchini' from Northern Italy. One of the most important vegetables of the Venetians, and worthy of serious consideration by our truck growers.\" ---\"Plants of All Climes,\" Guy N. Mitchell, Los Angeles Times, Feburary 22, 1901 (p. 8)", "[1911] \"Vegetable Marrow: a kind of squash, eaten as a vegetable, which is very popular in England, but is not often seen here. The true English type is, when full grown, generally about nine inches long and four inches in diameter, with green to yellow rind and light-colored flesh. The Italian variety reaches a length of about twenty inches, with mottled, dark-green rind and orange flesh.\" ---The Grocer's Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [National Grocer:Philadelphia PA] 1911 (p. 666) [NOTES: (1) This book offers a line drawing illustrating the vegetable & its leaves. (2) Sturtevant's Notes on Edible Plants [1919] states \"vegetable marrow\" is an alternative name for avocado. He does not list zucchini or Italian squash.]", "[1921] \"Italian restaurants usually to be found in high-class places, with all the surroundings that make for \"class.\" Ornate, usually with waxed floors for dancing, good orchestras, and skilled European waiters, they cater to the discriminating and serve cosmopolitan fare of the best sort. But one may get Italian specialties, and wise is he who waives his customary steak and potatoes, and instead scans the menu for real fare of sunny Italy. Zucchini, for instance, that Italian squash which Signore Marcel--and others--import especially. It may be served in different styles, but the favorites is when, cut into small, succulent squares, it is breaded and fried in olive oil.\" ---\"Dining 'Round the World in Los Angeles,\" Wynonah B. Johnson, Los Angeles Times, January 1, 1921 (p. V19)", "[1922] \"How to Cook Zucchini. Wash and boil in salted water six Italian squash for fifteen minutes. Drain and cut in half, lengthwise, scoop out the seeds and fill their places with a mixture made by mixing one cup of bread crumbs that have been soaked in milk and pressed nearly dry, the mashed yolks of two hard-boiled eggs, the yolks of two raw eggs one mashed clove of garlic, six finely chopped blanched almonds, three tablespoons of grated Parmesan cheese and a seasoning of salt and nutmeg. Place in well-buttered baking dish, cover with melted butter and brown in the oven. Serve with cream sauce.\" ---\"What Women's Organizations are Doing,\" Chef A.L. Wyman, Los Angeles Times, January 25, 1922 (p. II8)", "[1924] \"Stuffed Marrow Select three vegetable marrows about six inches long, peel lightly, cut a piece from one end and remove the seeds. Press closely into the marrows some well seasoned pork sausage, pin the end pieces on with tooth picks, place in a saucepan, dot with butter, add one cupful of meat stock and one teaspoonful of lemon juice, cover the pan tight and set in a moderate oven for two hours or until the marrows are tender, basting often. Lift the marrows to a serving dish, remove the fat from the sauce, add to the sauce one cupful of tomato sauce, boil up once and strain over the marrows.\" ---\"Chef Wyman's Suggestions for Tomorrow's Menu,\" Los Angeles Times, September 22, 1924 (p. A8)", "Zucchini bread Zucchini bread descends from a long line of European sweet vegetable puddings dating back to the Middle Ages. Carrot pudding is one of the oldest examples. Sweet potato pudding/pie followed in the Renaissance. Carrot pudding crossed from vegetable to cake dessert in the 20th century. Sweet potato pie remains on the dinner table. After WWII, zucchini proved prolific in mainstream American home gardens. Which meant? Too much zucchini. Just like leftover Thanksgiving turkey, recipes proliferated. Zucchini bread (portable, easy, healthy, freezer-friendly) to the rescue!", "Food historians generally drop zucchini bread squarely in the American 1960s & 70s. It was promoted (as was carrot cake and banana bread) as a healthy", "\"Zucchini bread. A deliciously moist, full-flavored bread that became popular in the 60s and remains so today. It's a splendid way to cope with a summer gusher of zucchini because the bread freezes so well.\" ---American Century Cook Book, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 329) [NOTE: Includes recipe from the early 1970s.]", "\"Zucchini bread. This quick bread was full of zucchini, brown sugar, and vegetable oil, all of which were considered good for you in the 1970s.\" ---Fashionable Food: Seven Decades of Food Fads, Sylvia Lovegren [MacMillan:New York] 1995 (p. 310)", "Our survey of American newspaper articles published in 1950s-1970s confirms the popularity of zucchini. Recipes for zucchini bread proliferate in the mid-1970s. One of the earliest (& perhaps most influential) recipes is this gift from James Beard:", "\"Carl Gohs' Zucchini Bread This rather unusual loaf has a very pleasant flavor, a little on on the sweet side, and a distinctive texture. The built- in moisture provided by the zucchini makes it a very good keeper. It can be prepared with 1 cup of whole-wheat flour instead of all white flour. [2 loaves]", "3 eggs 2 cups granulated sugar 1 cup vegetable oil 2 cups grated, peeled, raw zucchini 3 teaspoons vanilla extract 3 cups all-purpose flour 1 teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon baking soda 1/4 teaspoon double-acting baking powder 3 teaspoons ground cinnamon 1 cup coarsely chopped filberts or walnuts Beat the eggs until light and foamy. Add the sugar, oil, zucchini, and vanilla and mix lightly but well. Combine the flour, salt, soda, baking powder, and cinnamon and add to the egg-zucchini mixture. Stir until well blended, add nuts, and pour into two 9 X 5 X 3-inch loaf pans. Bake in a preheated 350 degree oven for 1 hour. Cool on a rack.\" ---Beard on Bread, James A. Beard [Alfred A. Knopf:New York] 1973 (p. 169)", "\"Carl Gohs of Portland, who for many years wrote a food column for The Oregonian's Northwest Magazine, traveled in Southern France with Beard in 1972 then Beard was researching and writing his book, 'Beard on Bread.' 'We stayed at Julia Child's house outside Cannes,' Gohs said. 'There he went over manuscripts for the book. I scouted out French breads for his approval. 'He was incredibly generous in helping people along the way who were starting out in the food business, writing a cookbook, writing a newspaper column or whatever,' Gohs said. 'He would always lend not just his name but assistance and time as well.'...Beard, who since 1971 has taught summer course at Seaside High School, once recalled that Oregon and its foods had made a profound impression on his career..\" ---\"Friends, associates fondly recall Beard,\" Steve Erickson, The Oregonian, January 24, 1985", "\"[James Beard's] memory held stockpiles of bread recipes that began with a raisin loaf his mother had baked for benefit teas that she had given for the British Red Cross during World War I in San Francisco's Palace Hotel...He remembered breads baked by his friends--Emil Kashouty's pita, Janet Wurtzburger's health bread made with home-ground flour, and one of wheat germ and potatoes created by Carl Gohs, a Portland Writer.\" ---Epicurean Delight: The Life and Times of James Beard, Evan Jones [Alfred A. Knopf:New York] 1990 (p. 288-289)", "\"The Seaside High School home economics teacher, Maryon Greenough, had, together with Portland food writer Carl Gohs, done the groundwork, and the classes immediately clicked with an ineffable rightness: Beard--his legs somewhat restored by walking and weight loss-omniscently prowled the room, and each day the eighteen students turned up earlier and stayed later, never able to get quite enough of Beard or of one another. Beard Bead himself ended each afternoon in a state of exhaustion and elation: As never before he grew in the role of teacher, as though adding layers of nuance and depth to a part he played dozens of times before and whos every gesture and inflection he until then though he knew in every possible aspect. But the students came each day not just to practice cooking, but to see what frollery or prank or shtick he might set loose; and the truth was he heardly knew himself what energies and enthusiasms the nonsecript classroom down the road from the onetime Gearhart depot might pull out of him.\" ---James Beard: A Biography, Robert Clark [Harper Collins:New York] 1993 (p. 268) [NOTE: passage refers to summer classes taught by Beard.]", "\"Happily, Ray Atkeson knew that his life work was appreciated. ``Oregon,'' his book of photographs with text by Carl Gohs, pioneered in 1968 the format of large-scale books celebrating the scenic beauty of a state. It became a standard gift when someone in Oregon wanted to impress a visitor. In all, that book and other collections of Atkeson's color photographs that followed sold more than 500,000 copies.\" ---\"ATKESON HAS BEEN THERE,\" The Oregonian, (Portland, OR), May 31, 1990 (p. B6)", "FoodTimeline library owns 2300+ books, hundreds of 20th century USA food company brochures, & dozens of vintage magazines (Good Housekeeping, American Cookery, Ladies Home Journal &c.;) We also have ready access to historic magazine, newspaper & academic databases. Service is free and welcomes everyone. Have questions? Ask!" ] }, "parsed_md": "The Food Timeline--history notes: muffins to yogurt\n\nFoodTimeline library Food Timeline FAQs: mozzarella cheese to yogurt .....Have\nquestions? Ask!\n\n * mozzarella cheese\n * muffins\n * mushrooms\n * new potatoes\n * nutmeg\n * okra\n * olive oil\n * Olivenaise\n * onion rings\n * onions\n\n|\n\n* oranges\n* oyster plant\n* pancakes & crepes\n* parsley\n* pasta & macaroni\n* pasta primavera\n* peaches\n* pears in syrup\n* pepper\n* pickled limes\n* pickled peppers\n|\n\n* pickles\n* plasmon\n* pomegranates\n* poppy seeds\n* pork & beans\n* purslane\n* quinoa\n* ramps\n* ratafia\n* rhubarb\n* Rice Krispies treats\n* risotto\n* Q,U,X,Y,Z foods\n|\n\n* saffron\n* sago\n* salsify\n* salt\n* savita\n* sesame seeds\n* spaghetti\n* spaghetti carbonara\n* taro\n* timbales\n* tracklements\n|\n\n* trail mix & gorp\n* vanilla\n* vinegar\n* waffles\n* watercress\n* Welsh Rabbit\n* wheat\n* yogurt\n* zucchini\n* zucchini bread \n---|---|---|---|--- \n \nMozzarella cheese In America today, mozzarella is the cheese of choice for\npizza, lasagna & other baked Italian-American dishes. It Italy, mozzarella has\na long and venerable tradition. Originally made by monks from buffalo milk,\nthis soft cheese can also be made with cow's milk. Fried cheese is often\ncomposed with mozzarella. Fresh mozzarella is sometimes paired with tomatoes\nfor salads and appetizers. Smoked varieties exist as well.\n\nWhy do we call it \"mozzarella?\" \"Its name in Italion means literally 'little\nsocie'. It is a diminutive form of mozza, 'slice, slice of cheese', a\nderivative of the verb mozzare, 'cut off'; which perhaps came ultimately from\nLatin mutilare.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto[Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 218)\n\nProduct origin & evolution \"Mozzarella. As early as the thirteenth century,\nthe monks of San Lorenzo in Capua used to give bread and mozza to the members\nof the chapter who took part in their processions but it was not until after\nthe seventeenth century that buffalo's milk Mozzarella began to be produced on\na large scale in the socalled \"bufalare\" or \"buffalo pastures.\" Mozzarella di\nBufala is a fresh, stretchedcurd cheese made up of very thin layers.\"\n---Italian Cheese: Two Hundred Types A Guide to Their Discovery and\nAppreciation, Slow Food Editore [Cuneo:Italy] (p. 84) [NOTE: this book\ndescribes the current process for making mozzarella cheese. If you would like\nthis information ask your librarian to help you obtain a copy.]\n\nMozzarella, a cheese originally made from buffalos milk at Cardito, Aversa, in\nthe Mazzoni of Capua, and in the Salernitano, is now made from cows milk, and\nin every part of Italy. It is usually made in fairly small forms, from a few\nounces up to a pound or more. As well as being eaten raw, Mozzerella is the\nbasis of the Pizza Napoletana, and is used in the famous Bolognese Petto di\nTacchino alla Cardinale, as well as the more humbil Suppli al Telefono.\n---Cheeses of the World, Andre Simon [Faber & Faber:London] 1960 (p. 91)\n\n\"Mozzarella. A soft fresh cheese made from cow's or buffalo's milk. One of the\nmost important and ubiquitous cheeses in Italy, though southern ones are the\nbest...Mozzarella was once made mostly from buffalo's milk...but when the\nNazis retreated from Italy in World War II, they killed off most of the herds.\nThe cheese was then made with cow's milk...although the buffalo herds have\nbeen restocked with animals from India. Today \"mozzarella di bufala\" is again\ncommon, though it often contains only a small percentage of buffalo milk.\"\n---Dictionary Of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New\nYork] 1998 (p. 159)\n\n\"In Italian neighbourhoods in the United States, the Italian grocer will have\nreceived his daily shipment of mozzarella curd from a local distributor and\nwill himself have completed the final steps of manufacture, heating the white,\npliant curd, kneading it until it is soft, and moulding it into irregular\nspherical shapes...The facotry -made mozzarella that is sold largely in\nsupermarkets is another--and a most uninteresting--cheese. It is older,\nfirmer, and without juice, because unlike the mozzarellas you find in Italy or\nin Italian-American neighborhoods, these are manufactured and packaged for a\nlonger shelf life, and toward that end its juices--one of its most beguiling\ncharacteristics--have been wrung from it...The recently developed 'pizza\ncheese' made in the Middle West and shipped to the Eastern states of America\nis even drier than the factory-made mozzarella. And so it must be, we are\ntold; otherwise it would never reach the customer's pie in good condition.\"\n---The Cheese Book, Vivienne Marquis and Patricia Haskell [Leslie\nFrewin:London] 1966 (p. 34-5)\n\nIn the early twenty-first century, processed cheese competes with mozzarella\nfor the largest annual sales numbers. Distinct from the classic cooked and\nstretched pasta filata Italian mozzarella, the cheese produced in the United\nStates is mostly a brined product used to make ever-increasing quantities of\nfresh and frozen pizza. ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America,\nAndrew F. Smith [Oxford University Press:New York] Volume 1 (p. 206)\n\nMuffins English muffins, crumpets, scones & bannock American muffins Blueberry\nmuffins\n\nResearching the history of bread-related products is difficult because bread\nis THE universal food. Ancient peoples of all places discovered the\ncombination of *cooked* (baked, fried, steamed, boiled, sun-dried) ground\ngrain and water created simple, inexpensive, nourishing food. Muffins, cakes,\ncrackers, biscuits, cookies, sticky buns & Twinkies are not inventions. They\nare evolutions. All of these are variations on the theme of what happens when\nflour & water mix with human ingenuity, technological advancement, local\ningredients, immediate need and cultural expectations.\n\nWhat the food historians have to say about the origin of muffins...\n\n\"Muffin...a term connected with moufflet, an old French word applied to bread,\nmeaning soft....The word muffin first appeared in print in the early 18th\ncentury, and recipes began to be published in the middle of the 18th century.\nThere has always been some confusion between muffins, crumpets, and pikelets,\nboth in recipes and in name. Muffin' usually meant a breadlike product\n(sometimes simply made from whatever bread dough was available), as opposed to\nthe more pancake-like crumpets...Muffins were most popular during the 19th\ncentury, when muffin men traversed the town streets at teatime, ringing their\nbells. In the 1840s the muffin-man's bell was prohibited by Act of Parliament\nbecause many people objected to it, but the prohibition was ineffective...\"\n---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford]\n1999(p. 517)\n\n\"Muffin...In Great Britain, a muffin is a traditional light-textured roll,\nround and flat, which is made with yeast dough. Muffins are usually enjoyed in\nthe winter - split, toasted, buttered, and served hot for tea, and sometimes\nwith jam. In the Victorian era muffins were bought in the street from sellers\nwho carried trays of them on their heads, ringing a handbell to call their\nwares. In North America muffins are entirely different. The raising\n(leavening) agent is baking powder and the muffins are cooked in deep patty\n(muffin) tins. Cornmeal and bran are sometimes substituted for some of the\nflour.\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Jenifer Harvey Lang editor [Crown:New York]\n1988 (p. 703)\n\n\"Muffin...a small yeast cake usually sweetened with a bit of sugar. In England\nmuffins were once called \"tea cakes,\" while in America muffins are served\nprimarily for breakfast or as an accompaniment to dinner...The origins of the\nword are obscure, but possible it is from Low German muffe [meaning] cake. The\nterm was first printed in English in 1703, and Hannah Glasse in her 1747\ncookbook fives a recipe for making muffins. Mush muffins (called slipperdowns\nin New England) were a Colonial muffin made with hominy on a hanging griddle.\"\n---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Freidman\nBooks:New York] 1999 (p. 211)\n\n\"Sometimes misnamed gems, muffins were baked in deeper pans and were not quite\nas breadlike as gems. Muffins graduated from being cooked in a utensil called\nmuffin rings to a special baking pans. Muffin rings were hooplike accessories\nplaced directly on a hot stove or the bottom of a skillet. Batter was then\npoured into them. The rings did not prove to be as popular with muffin\nconsumers as molds of the same period. However, their demise as holders of raw\nmuffin batter was not in vain, for they remain a valuable kitchen accessory to\nmake popular English muffins or fried eggs. The muffin molds of the nineteenth\ncentury turned out to be an extremely deficient product. The baked their\ncontents thoroughly and very evenly...\" ---The Old West Baking Book, Lon\nWalters (p. 34)\n\nAbout English muffins \"English muffins\" as American know them today are most\nclosely connected with the ancient Welsh tradition of cooking small round\nyeast cakes known as \"bara\" [bread] \"maen\" [stone] on bakestones. \"English\nmuffins\" were later cooked on griddles, as opposed to muffin tins. Related\nfood? crumpets & tea cakes.\n\n\"The English muffin is round and made from a soft yeast-leavened dough\nenriched with milk and butter. It is usually cooked on a griddle, which gives\nit a flat, golden-brown top and bottom, and a white band around the waste and\na light, spongy interior...This method appears as early as 1747 and was\nrecommended by Hannah Glasse.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson\n[Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999\n\nMrs. Glasse's original recipe was not titled English muffins. She also\nincludes instructions for proper opening (warning NOT! to use a knife).\n\n> \"To make Muffings and Oat-Cakes To a Buschel of Hertfordshire white Flour,\n> take a Pint and a half of good Ale-yeast, from pale Malt if you can get it,\n> becuase it is whitest; let the Yeast lie in Water all night, the next Day\n> pour off the Water clear, make two Gallons of Water just Milk warm, not to\n> scald your Yeast, and two Ounces of Salt, mix your Water, Yeast and Salt\n> well toghether for about a quarter of an Hour, then strain it, and mix up\n> your Dough as light as possible, and let it lie in your Trough an Hour to\n> rise, then with your Hand roll it, and pull it into little Pieces about as\n> big as a large Walnut, roll them with your Hand like a Ball, lay them on\n> your Table, and as fast as you do them lay a Piece of Flannel over them, and\n> be sure to keep your Dough cover'd with Flannel; when you have rolled out\n> all your Dough, begin to bake the first, and by that Time they will be\n> spread out in the right Form; lay them on your Iron, as one Side begins to\n> change Colour turn the other, and take great Care they don't burn, or be too\n> much discolour'd; but that you will be a Judge off in two or three Makings.\n> Take care the middle of the Iron is not too hot, as it will be, but then you\n> may put a Brick-bat or two in the middle of the Fire to slacken the heat.\n> The Thing you bake on must be made thus. Build a Place just as if you was\n> going to set a Copper, and in the Stead of a Copper a Piece of Iron all over\n> the Top fix'd in Form, just the frame as the Bottom of the Iron Pot, and\n> make your Fire underneath with Coal as in a Copper; observe, Muffings are\n> made in the same Way, only this, when you pull them to Pieces roll them in a\n> good deal of Flour, and with a Rolling-pin roll them thin, cover them with a\n> Piece of Flannel, and they will rise to a proper Thickness; and if you find\n> them too big or too little, you must roll Dough accordingly, these must not\n> be the least discoloured.\n>\n> And when you eat them, toast them with a Fork crisp on both Sides, then with\n> your Hand pull them open, and they will be like a Honey-Comb; lay in as much\n> Butter as you intend to use, then clap them together again, and set it by\n> the Fire, when you think the Butter is melted turn them, that both Sides may\n> be butter'd alike, but ton't touch them with a Knife, either to spread or\n> cut them open, if you do they will be as heavy as Lead, only when they are\n> quite butter'd and done, you may cut them across with a Knife.\" ---The Art\n> of Cookery Made Plain & Easy, Hannah Glasse, facismile first edition 1747\n> [Prospect Books:Devon] 1995 (p. 151)\n\nDid you know? Thomas Jefferson's muffin recipe would have produced \"English\nmuffins.\"\n\nThomas' brand English muffins were introduced to New York City in the late\n19th century: \"Although tea muffins that were once popular in England\nresembled the American \"English muffin,\" there is no single muffin in Britain\nby this specific name...Most of the store-bought varieties [of English muffin]\nderive from those made by the S. B. Thomas Company of New York, whose founder,\nSamuel Bath Thomas, emigrated from England in 1875 with his mother's recipe\nand began making muffins at his Ninth Avenue bakery in 1880. The name was\nfirst printed in 1925.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F.\nMariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 123)\n\nRecommended reading: English Bread and Yeast Cookery, Elizabeth David, chapter\non crumpets and muffins (pps. 341-361) Related foods: crumpets, scones &\nbannock.\n\nCrumpets & scones The first use of any food often predates the first occurance\nof printed evidence by many years. To further complicate matters, variant\nspellings often appear in older texts. An inspection of recipes confirms or\nrefutes culinary linkage. The Oxford English Dictionary traces the history of\nthe word and recipe for crumpets back to 1382:\n\n\"Crumpet...[Not known till late in 17th century], Wyclif has however 'crompid\ncake' as a rendering in laganum, which may be the antecedent of the name.\n[1382:Wyclif] A cake of a loaf, a crusted cake spreynde with oyle, a crompid\ncake...[1694:Westmacott] The make Cakes of it (Buck Wheat)...as they do oat-\ncakes, and call it Crumpit. Crumpet...A soft cake made of flour, beaten egg,\nmilk, and barm or baking powder, mixed into batter, and baked on an iron\nplate...Now usually a soft, round, doughy cake made with flour and yeast,\ncooked on a griddle or the like and usually eaten toasted with butter.\n[1769:Raffald] To make tea crumpets...\" ---Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd\nedition, volume IV (p. 83)\n\n\"The origins of the crumpet are mysterious. As early as 1382, Johy Wycliffe,\nin his translation of the Bible, mentioned crompid cake, whose name may be the\nprecursor of the modern term, but the actual 'cake' itself does not bear much\nresemblance to the present-day crumpet. It seems to have been a thin cake\ncooked on a hot griddle, so that the edges curled up (crompid goes back to Old\nEnglish crump, crumb, 'crooked', and is related to the modern English\ncrumple). The inspiration behind its naming thus seems to be very familiar to\nthat of crepe, which literally means 'curled'. Earliest recipes for crumpets,\nfrom the late seventeenth century, continue this theme, standardly using\nbuckwheat flour, and it is not until nearly a hundred years later that\ncrumpets as we know then today beging to emerge...During the 19th century the\ncrumpet--toasted before the fire, its honeycomb of cavities filled with\nmelting butter--established itself as an indispensible part of the English\nteatime scene.\" ---An A to Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 100)\n\n\"The earliest published recipe for crumpets of the kind known now is from\nElizabeth Raffald (1769).\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 230)\n\n[1769] Elizabeth Raffald's recipe:\n\n> \"To make tea crumpets Beat two eggs very well, put them to a quart of warm\n> milk and water, and a large spoonful of barm: beat in as much fine flour as\n> will make them rather thicker than a common batter pudding, then make your\n> bakestone very hot, and rub it with a little butter wrapped in a clean linen\n> cloth, then pour a large spoonful of batter upon your stone, and let it run\n> to the size of a tea-saucer; turn it, and when you want to use them roast\n> them very crisp, and butter them.\" ---The Experienced English Housekeeper,\n> Elizabeth Raffald, [unabridged facsimile 1769 print with an introduction by\n> Roy Shipperbottom [Southover Press:East Sussex] 1997\n\n\"The probable origin of the word crumpit is the Welsh \"cremog,\" a pancake or\nfritter. For some reason or other, probably because they are in some degree\nsimilar, and yet differing greatly, it is customary to associate muffins wtih\ncrumpets, it being a rare occurance for either to appear at the table\nseparately. Both are made of batter, both require re-cooking, and both are\nserved hot and well buttered; yet there is so marked a difference between the\ntwo in flavour and constitution that most persons have a decided preference\nfor one or the other.'\" ---English Bread and Yeast Cookery, Elizabeth David\n[Penguin:New York] 1979 (p. 341). [NOTE: this is book is considered an\nauthority on this topic. If you need more information (including historic\nrecipes) ask your librarian to help you find a copy of it.]\n\nRelated foods? English muffins, pancakes & bannock.\n\nScones The origin of scones is closely connected with the ancient Welsh\ntradition of cooking small round yeast cakes known as \"bara\" [bread] \"maen\"\n[stone] on bakestones. These early leavened bread products were later cooked\non griddles. The Oxford English Dictionary traces the word \"scone\" in print to\n1513. This book suggests the history of the word is derived from Middle Dutch\n(schoonbrot) or Middle German (schonbrot), meaning \"fine bread.\" Scones that\nwe know today are leavened with modern baking powder/soda, both mid-19th\ncentury inventions. About baking powder. Scones are traditionally connected\nwith Scotland, Ireland and England.\n\n\"Scone. A large found cake made of wheat or barleymeal baked on a griddle; one\nof the four quadrant-shaped pieces into which which a cake is often cut; more\ngenerally, a soft cake of barley or oatmeal, or wheat-flour, baked in single\nportions on a griddle or in an oven.\" ---The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd\nedition\n\n\"The scone comes from Scotland--the first known reference to it comes in a\ntranslation of the Aeneid (1513) by the Scots poet Gavin Douglas: The flour\nsconnis war sett in, by and by, wyth other mesis.' Made from fine white fout\n(echoing the possible source of their name, Dutch schoonbroot, fine white\nbread'), sour milk or buttermilk, and a raising agent (since the mid-\nnineteenth century, bicarbonate of soda), and baked on a griddle or in the\noven, scones originally came in the form of flat cakes cut into four,\nproducing portions that were either square or, if the original cake were\nround, roughly triangular. Individually baked round scones are a later\ndevelopment. The pronunciation of the word scone has never really settled\ndown. Early spellings suggest a short vowel, rhyming with swan, but the\nversion with the diphthong, rhyming with stone, is if anything commoner\ntoday.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 304)\n\n\"Scone...What is certain is that the term is mainly a British one, and covers\na wide range of small, fairly plain cakes. Leavened with baking powder, or\nbicarbonate of soda, and an acid ingredient such a sour milk, they are quickly\nmade and best eaten hot with butter. Scone recipes are found in great variety\nup and down the British Isles but, together with the closely related bannock,\nare particularly a Scottish specialty.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan\nDavidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 704)\n\n\"The Scots are famous for the variety of scones (from the Gaelic, sgoon, and\nit should rhyme with gone'): some of the most popular ones are [soda scones,\nwholemeal scones, rich white scones, treacle scones, potato scones, ballater\nscones and drop scones.]\" ---Traditional Scottish Cookery, Theodora Fitzgibbon\n[Fontana:Suffolk] 1980 (p. 231-5) [NOTE: This book contains recipes for each\nof the scones listed above.]\n\n> [1874] \"Scones. Put as much barley-meal as will be required into a bowl, add\n> a pinch of salt, and stir in cold water to make a stiff paste. Roll this out\n> into round cakes a quarter of an inch thick, and bake on a girdle. Split the\n> cakes open, butter them well, and serve hot. A little butter may be rubbed\n> into the meal if liked. Richer scones may be made by dissolving an ounce of\n> fresh butter in a pint of hot milk, and stirring this into as much flour as\n> will make a stiff dough. When it is not convenient to bake the scones on a\n> girdle, a thick frying-pan may be used instead. Time to bake the scones,\n> about four minutes.\"\n>\n> Scones, Soda. Dissolve half a salt-spoonful of carbonate of soda and five\n> ounces of fresh butter or lard in a quarter of a pint of warm water or milk:\n> put ten ounces of four into a bowl, add a pinch of salt, and stir in the\n> liquor to make a stiff dough. Roll this out into a round cake a quarter of\n> an inch thick, mark this into eight portions, and bake on a girdle or a\n> thick frying-pan. Split the scones, butter them will, and serve very hot.\n> Time, to bake, fifteen to twenty minutes. Probable cost, 6d. ---Cassell's\n> Dictionary of Cookery with Numerous Illustrations [Cassell, Petter, Galpin &\n> Co.:London] 1874 (p. 842)\n>\n> [1893] \"Scones--No.l 1 3/4 lb Flour, 1/2 pint Milk, 1 oz Butter, 2\n> teaspoonsful Baking Powder...Total cost 5d. Time--10 minutes. Rub the butter\n> into the flour, stir in the baking powder, and make into a very light dough\n> with the milk; turn on to a floured board, knead for a few minutes, roll out\n> about half and inch thick. Cut into shapes, put onto a floured tin, and bake\n> in a quick oven for about ten minutes. Serve either hot or cold.\" ---The Art\n> of Living in Australia, Philip Muskett, 1893 (p. 393) [NOTE: Scones No. 2\n> and 3 are variations along similar lines, the 3rd recipe includeing\n> drippings, sour milk, & sugar.]\n>\n> [1909] \"Scones 3 cups of flour, a pinch of salt, half a teaspoonful of soda,\n> 1 heaped teaspoonful cream of tartar, 1 tablespoonful of butter, half a pint\n> of milk. Put the flour, salt, cream of tartar, and soda into a bowl; rub the\n> butter in with the tips of the fingers; make a well in the centre and our\n> all the milk in at once. Turn out on to a slightly floured board and knead\n> as lightly as possible; press out with the palm of the hand into a cake;\n> brush over with yolk; cut into neat scones, and place on a hot tin in a hot\n> oven for fifteen minutes. Roll in cloth till cold.\" ---The Schauer Cookery\n> Book, Misses A. and M. Schauer [Edwards, Dunlop & Co. Ltd.:Brisbane] 1909\n> (p. 306-307) [NOTE: This book also contains another recipe for Scones and\n> more for Potato Scones, Brown Scones, Girdle Scones, Good Scones, Drop\n> Scones, Oatmeal Scones.]\n>\n> [1956] \"Scones It is interesting to read in old-fashioned books recipes for\n> scones containing no leavening agent. Most of them were rolled thin, handled\n> quickly, balked on a hot girdle, and served at once. Flour, butter, salt,\n> and cream are the ingredients for one recipe for another sago boiled im\n> milk, salt, and flour. Others were made with barm or yeast. The lightest\n> scones are those made with sour cream, sour milk, or buttermilk. Four 1 lb.\n> flour and 1 teaspoon use: 3/4 teaspoon bicarbonate of soad and the same\n> quantity of cream or tartar, with enough buttermilk to mix to a soft dough--\n> or--Other additions to each pound of flour may be 1-2 oz. sugar, 2 oz. fat,\n> 2 oz. fruit, 1-2 eggs may replace part of the liquid. The soda and cream of\n> tartar should be free of lumps, and these and the flour should be sieved\n> before mixing. Fat is rubbed in with the fingers. The dough should be soft\n> and moist and must be mixed in a bowl, turned on to a floured board, kneaded\n> very lightly, pressed out to the required thickness (generally about 3/4\n> inch), and then cut in triangles or circles. The scones should be cooked on\n> a girdle or in the oven. Time 7-15 minutes.\" ---The Constance Spry Cookery\n> Book, Constance Spry [Pan Books Ltd.:London] 1956 (p. 778) [NOTE: This book\n> also offers recipes for Girdle Scones, Old-Fashioned Plain Soda Scones, Drop\n> Scones, Potato Scones, and Welsh Girdle Scones.]\n\nRecommended reading: English Bread and Yeast Cookery, Elizabeth David\n--chapter on crumpets and muffins (pps. 341-361) Food and Drink in Britain\nFrom the Stone Age to the 19th Century, C. Anne Wilson --chapter on bread,\ncakes and pastry (pps. 229-274).\n\nRelated foods? Crumpets, Irish soda bread, English muffins & Bannock.\n\nBannock This simple bread stuff is interesting because it embraces not one,\nbut several recipes and cooking methods. The genesis belongs to the British\nIsles, circa 1000AD. The connecting culinary thread is this food was composed\nof cheap grains consumed by the common people with rudimentary cooking\nfacilties. Old World recipes purposed oats and barley. New World versions\nintroduced maize/corn to the mix. While some Native American peoples ate\nbannock-type foods, the recipes below confirm British origination. New World\nbannocks are found in places where Scottish peoples settled in high\nconcentrations.\n\nThe earliest recipes we found titled \"Bannock\" were published in the 19th\ncentury. They do not show up in early Scottish cook books ( Lady Castlehill's\nReceipt Book [1712] Mrs. McLintock's Receipts for Cookery and Pastry-Work\n[1736], Meg Dod's Cook and Housewife's Manual [1829]). This is not surprising\nsince these books, like their contemporary London counterparts, were published\nfor the upper classes.\n\nWhat is bannock? According to the Oxford English Dictionary \" The name, in\nScotland and north of England, of a form in which home-made bread is made;\nusually unleavened, of large size, round or oval form, and flattish, without\nbeing as thin as scon or oat-cake. In Scotland, bannocks are usually of\nbarley- or pease-meal, but may be of wheaten flour; in some parts a large\nfruit cake or bun of the same shape is called a currant-bannock. In north of\nEngland the name is sometimes given to oat- or haver-bread, when made thicker\nand softer than an oat-cake; but local usage varies. (Cf. the dialect\nglossaries).\" The earliest print evidence is this: \"a1000 Gloss in Haupt's\nZeitschr. IX. 463 Bucellam semiplenam, healfne bannuc.\" (accessed online\nSeptember 7, 2013)\n\nWhy call it \"bannock?\" \"The word bannock is probably of Celtic origin; it may\nbe related to Breton bannach, 'drop, bit' and Cornish banna, 'drop'.\" ---An\nA-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 18)\n\nWho ate bannocks? \"Bannocks are the bread of the less priviledged fringes of\nBritain. While southern England luxuriated in soft leavened wheat bread, areas\nlike Scotland, Wales, and northern England had largely to make do in former\ntimes with round fairly flat loaves made from oatmeal or barley flour and\nbkaed on griddles and bakestones. Bannock was the name given to such loaves\nmade from barley in Scotland, and in northern England it was used for a thick\nverson of the oatcake.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 18)\n\nScotland's bannock: \"The word 'bannock' covers several different kinds of\nfoods: generally it refers to griddle or girdle cakes made with oatmeal,\nbarley meal, pease-meal or with flour, but there is the Selkirk Bannock...and\nthe Pithcaithly Bannock...which are sweetened tea-breads or cakes. From the\nearliest years special kinds of bannocks were made for every Highland quarter\nday: on 1 February, the Bonnack Bride (St. Bride's bannock) was cooked to\ncelebrate the first day of Spring; the Bonnach Bealtain (Beltane bannock) for\nthe first day of summer, Bonnach Lunastain (Lammas bannock) for the first day\nof autumn and the Bonnach Samhtain (Hallomas bannock) for the first day of\nwinter. Bannocks were baked for a child's birth (Cryin' Bannock), and there\nwas a Teethin' Bannock baked with a ring in it which was later used as a\nteething ring, and when the bannock broke each person present got a small\npiece of it. There were special bannocks fired for St. Columba's Eve, for\nmarriage and for Christmas. Each one was a variety of oatcake...some made with\neggs, butter, cream and sugar. Today many of these customs have died out but\nthe bannock remains in several forms. If using a griddle then it must be\nwarmed up before starting to cook.\" ---Traditional Scottish Cookery, Theodora\nFitzgibbon [Fontana Paperbacks:Suffolk UK] 1980 (p. 225)\n\nCanadian pioneer experience: \"Flour was a luxury item in the early days of the\nfur trade. Only a small ration was carried in the crowded canoes. It was used\nto thicken the pemmican style soup, rubbaboo, or occasionally to make\ngalettes...By the mid 1800's grain was raised at Red River and a few ot he\nmajor fur trading posts. After that time, bannock became a staple food used by\nboth fur traders and settlers. The original flour water mixture became more\nelaborate by adding salt, suet, lard, butter, buttermilk, baking soda, or\nbaking powder. Other names for the product were grease bannock, baking powder\nbannock, grease bread, bush bread, and trail bread. The fur traders introduced\nbannock to the Indians. It wasn't used much due to the absence of flour until\nthe buffalo herds disappeared and the Indians were located on reserves. Out of\nnecessity it became a staple food for them using flour provided by government\nagencies. Bannock continued to be the bread product used by settlers almost\nexclusively until 1880 and for years after that in some localities...Bannock\nwas made into a large round biscuit and baked in a frying pan or in the ashes\nof the campfire. Usually the frying pan was tilted against a rock so that it\nslanted towards the fire for part of the baking. Jock Carpenter described a\ntypical method of preparing bannock in the 1870's. 'Flour was not plentiful\nwith us, so even a small bannock was a real treat to us children. Mother mixed\nflour, salt and water together, kneading the dough quite firm and shaping it\ninto round cakes. As we carried but one frying pan the cakes of bannock were\nfirst crusted on it, then stood up abainst sticks in a large circle around a\nbrighly lit fire, with mother keeping guard to turn them often so both sides\nmight be browned evenly.' Early pioneers baked large or small bannocks in\noutdoor bake ovens, on the stove lids, if they had a stove. During the later\nyears they were baked in a frypan on top of the stove or in the oven. Another\nadaptation used by fur traders, and by Indian living on reservations, was to\nfry the bannock in grease, hense the name 'grease bread.'\" ---The Pioneer\nCook: A Historical View of Canadian Prairie Food, B. Barss [Detselig\nEnterprises Ltd.:Calgary Alberta] 1980 (p. 65-67) [NOTE: recipes from this\nbook here.]\n\n> [1832] \"Indian cake. Indian cake, or bannock, is sweet and cheap food. One\n> quart of sifted meal, two great spoonfuls of molasses, two tea-spoonfuls of\n> salt, a bit of shortening half as big as a hen's egg, stirred together; make\n> it pretty moist with scalding water, put it into a well breased pan, smooth\n> over the surface with a spoon, and bake it brown on both sides, before a\n> quick fire. A little stewed pumpkin, scalded with meal, improves the cake.\n> Bannock split and dipped in butter makes very nice toast.\" ---The American\n> Frugal Housewife, Mrs. [Lydia Maria] Child, facsimile 12th edition, enlarged\n> and corrected by the author, 1832 [Applewood Books:Boston] undated (p. 75)\n> [NOTE: \"Indian\" in this recipe refers to maize/corn meal, not a Native\n> American dish.]\n>\n> [1839] \"Bannock. Sift a quart of fine Indian meal, mix with it a salt-\n> spoonful of salt, two large spoonfuls of butter and a gill of molasses; make\n> it into a common dough with scalding water, or hot sweet milk, mixing it\n> well with a spoon; put it in a well buttered skillet, make it smooth, and\n> bake it rather briskly. When it is done, cut it in thin smooth slices, toast\n> them lightly, butter them, stack them and cut them warm.\"\n>\n> \\---The Kentucky Housewife, Mrs. Lettice Bryan, facsimile 1839 edition\n> [Image Graphics:Paducah KY] undated (p. 313)\n>\n> [1859] \"Oatmeal Bannocks These are made simply of Scotch oatmeal mixed into\n> a paste with water, and made into cakes about the size of a common saucer,\n> and quite half an inch thick. They are then baked of a light brown in a\n> moderate oven.\" ---The English Bread Book, Eliza Acton, facsimile 1859\n> edition with an introduction by Elizabeth Ray [Southover Press:East Sussex]\n> 1990 (p. 154)\n>\n> [1929] \"Bere or Barley Bannocks (Old Method) Barley-meal, butter, salt,\n> sweet milk. Put half a pint of milk into a pan with a pinch of salt and an\n> ounce or more of butter. Bring to the boil and stir in quickly enough\n> barley-meal to make a pliable dough. Turn out on a floured board, roll out\n> thinly, cut into rounds the size of a meat-plate. Bake on a hot girdle,\n> turing them once, on a rather sharp fire. They should be eaten hot.\n>\n> (Modern Method) Barley-meal, flour, bicarbonate of soda, salt, buttermilk.\n> Put into a bowl a pound of barley-meal, four ounces of flour, and half a\n> teaspoonful of salt. Mix well. Put three teacupfuls of buttermilk into a jug\n> and into it stir two small teaspoonfuls of carbonate of soda. Stir briskly,\n> and, as it fizzes up, pour it into the flour mixture. Make into a soft\n> dough, turn out on a floured board, handle as little as possible, but roll\n> out lightly to about half an inch in thickness; cut into rounds the size of\n> a meat-plate, place on a hot girdle, and bake (not too quickly) until the\n> under side is brown; turn the bannock and brown the other side.\" ---The\n> Scot's Kitchen, F. Marian McNeill, facsimile 1929 edition [Mercat\n> Press:Edinburgh] 1993 (p. 170-171) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for\n> Pease Bannock, and Mashlum ((maslin)) Bannocks.]\n>\n> [1954] \"Mendon Bannock This is a Nantucket dish that goes back to the days\n> of Peter Folger, the Island's first miller. Peter's fee was 2 quarts of corn\n> meal for every bushel of corn he ground, and the Folgers just about lived on\n> corn meal--bannook for breakfast, johnnycake for dinner, whitpot for tea...\n> 1 cup corn meal 1 qt. milk 5 eggs, well beaten 2 tbsps. sugar 1 tsp salt 1.\n> Pace corn meal in saucepan. Scald milk. Pour over corn meal. Cook, over low\n> heat, until thick, stirring constantly. Cool to lukeward. (Until blood-warm,\n> the Quakers said.) 2. Add eggs, sugar and salt. 3. Pour into greased baking\n> dish. Bake in 350 degree oven, about 30 minutes, or until done. In Nantucket\n> I had Mendon Bannock with little sausages for breakfast. At home I have\n> served it with ham and mushrooms. It is something like Spoon Bread.\" ---New\n> England Cookbook, Eleanor Early [Random House:New YOrk] 1954 (p. 110) [NOTE:\n> What was Spoon Bread?]\n>\n> [1970] \"Buttermilk Bannock Indians all over Canada still make bannock and\n> good they are. After all they are the ancestors of our baking powder\n> biscuits. 3 1/2 cups all-purpose flour 1/2 cup wheat germ 1 3/4 teaspoons\n> soda 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar 1 teaspoon salt 1/4 cup melted butter 2\n> tablespoons corn syrup or treacle or molasses 1 1/2 cups buttermilk Mix in a\n> bow the flour, wheat germ, soda, cream of tartar and salt. Combine melted\n> butter, syrup and buttermilk. Pour over the dry ingredients and mix with a\n> fork. It may be necessary to ad a little more buttermilk, to make a soft\n> dough. Turn dough on a lightly floured board and knead gently for a few\n> seconds. Shape in 2 thick round cakes about 7 inches in diameter. Place on\n> buttered cooky sheet. Bacon fat gives a nice flavor. Mark into wedges with a\n> sharp knife. Bake in a preheated oven 375 degrees F. 30 to 35 minutes or\n> until golden brown. Brush to with melted butter or bacon fat as soon as out\n> of the oven. Break in wedges and serve.\n>\n> \"Pioneer's Bannock Especially good eaten hot. Spread with bacon fat or half\n> bacon fat, half butter creamed together. 3 cups all-purpose flour 2\n> teaspoons baking powder 1/4 teaspoon salt 2 to 4 tablespoons lard 1 1/2 to 2\n> cups cold water Mix in a bowl the flour, baking powder and salt. Cut in the\n> lard and add as much water as needed to make a soft dough. Knead a few\n> minutes. Flatten it out in a well greased cast-iron frying pan. Bake in\n> preheated 375 degree F. oven, 20 to 35 minutes or until golden brown. Break\n> up pieces to serve instead of cutting with a knife.\" ---The Canadiana\n> Cookbook, Mme. Jehane Benoit [Pagurian Press Ltd.:Toronto] 1970 (p.146-147)\n>\n> [1975] \"Campfire Bannock 2 cups flour 1/2 teaspoon salt 2 teaspoons baking\n> powder 2 tablespoons tallow (lard) finely chopped enough water to make a\n> soft dough Heat frying pan over hot coals; add enough lard to cover bottom\n> of pan. Spoon dough into pan; flatten top, and fry until bannock is well\n> raised. Turn and cook the other side; add more lard if needed. Do not have\n> frying pan too hot. You can also cook this as a dumpling in a stew.\"\n>\n> \"Old Country Bannock (The original Scottish Bannock) 1 cup wheat flour and 1\n> cup barley flour or 1 cup wheat flour and 1 cup flour or oatmeal 1/2\n> teaspoon salt 3-4 teaspoons baking powder 2-3 tablespoons brown sugar\n> (optional) 2 tablespoons cold butter 3/4 - 7/8 cup water Mix dry ingredients\n> well. Cut in butter with forks, breaking into fine particles. Add water\n> slowly, enough to make a soft dough (this is optional). Bake in a greased\n> skillet next to the hot coals of a fire and brown on both sides, taking care\n> not to burn.\" ---Yukon Cookbook, Lenoa Kananen [Douglas &\n> McIntyre:Vancouver] 1975 (p. 31) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for\n> Berry Bannock (wild berries or raisins) & Gold Nugget Bannock (with fresh\n> wheat germ)\n>\n> [1977] \"Bannock 2 cups flour 1 teaspoon salt 2 tablespoons baking powder 1\n> tablespoon sugar 2 tablespoons lard 3 cup cold water Mix the flour, salt,\n> baking powder, sugar and lard. Stir in enough cold water to make a thick\n> batter that will pour. Combine quickly until smooth and pour at once into a\n> greased baking pan. Fill the pan to half-full. Bake in a 400 degree oven for\n> 35-45 minutes. Serve with butter and honey or a wild berry jam.\" ---Out of\n> Old Nova Scotia Kitchens, Marie Nightingale, McCurdy Printing Company\n> Ltd.:St Andrews (?)] 10th printing, May 1977 (p. 98)\n>\n> [1980] \"Red River Bannock This recipe originated with the Red River\n> settlers, and is still used to make the bannock served at Lord Selkirk\n> Association gatherings. The settler's original recipe had no leavening\n> agent, and was cooked in a brick oven or on a hearth. The dripping were\n> probably buffalo fat. 2 sifters flour (8 1/2 cups) 1 tsp. salt 2 heaping\n> tsp; baking powder Sift into a large mixing bowl and make a hole in the\n> center Mix together: 2 c. melted beef drippings 2 c. warm water Pour gently\n> into the hole working in the flour around. Divide the dough into pieces for\n> each bannock and roll to thickness of 1/4 to 1/2 inch. Prick on both sides.\n> Set on middle rack of preheated oven (400 degrees F) and bake about 20\n> minutes, until lightly browned. N. Fidler, Manitoba.\" ---The Pioneer Cook: A\n> Historical View of Canadian Prairie Food, B. Barss [Detselig Enterprises\n> Ltd.:Calgary Alberta] 1980 (p. 68) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for\n> Campfire Bannock & Scottish Bannock (p. 68-69).]\n>\n> [1980] \"Fife Bannocks Recipe from the Scottish Women's Rural Institutes 6\n> oz. (175 g.) plain flour 4 oz (125 g.) oatmeal 1/2 teaspoon bicarbonate soda\n> 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar pinch of salt and sugar 1 rounded teaspoon\n> lard, butter or margarine 1/4 pint (150 ml.) approx. sour milk or buttermilk\n> Sieve the flour and mix all the dry ingredients together, then rub in the\n> fat and add enough sour milk or buttermilk to make a soft dough. Turn out on\n> to a lightly floured surface, knead lightly and roll out to a circle. Cut in\n> four, then put on to a hot griddle which has been rubbed over lightly with a\n> piece of fat, or use a thick-bottomed frying-pan and cook on both sides\n> until golden brown. Or bake in a hot oven, 400 degrees F. (200 degrees C.)\n> or gas mark 6, near the top, for about 15-20 minutes.\" ---Traditional\n> Scottish Cookery, Theodora Fitzgibbon [Fontana Paperbacks:Suffolk UK] 1980\n> (p. 226)\n>\n> \"Selkirk Bannock This bannock is a yeasted fruit...first made by Robbie\n> Douglas, a baker of Selkirk 1859. It was originally made only with the best\n> Turkish sultanas, but nowadays a littled candied orange peel is also added\n> and this gives a very pleasant flavour. 4 oz. (125 g.) butter 4 oz. (125 g.)\n> lard 1/2 pint (2oo ml.) milk, tepid 1 oz (25 g.) fresh yeast or 1/2 oz. (12\n> g.) dried 1/2 teaspoon sugar 2 lb (900 g.) sifted flour 1 lb (450 g.)\n> sultanas-slightly warmed 1/2 lb (225 g.) sugar--slighly warmed 4 oz. (125\n> g.) candied orange peel, chopped, optional a little milk mixed with sugar\n> for glazing Heat the butter and lard until soft, but do not let it oil. Add\n> the milk, warmed to blood heat and reserve. Cream the yeast with the 1/2\n> teaspoon sugar, add the milk and butter mixture and let the yeast work.\n> Meanwhile sift the flour, make a well in the middle and pour in the liquid,\n> then sprinke the flour from the sides lighlty over thetop, so that it\n> bubbles through and makes a batter. Cover with a cloth and leave in a warm\n> place for about 1 hour or until it has almost doubled in size. Knead well by\n> punching it down, add the fruit with the remaining sugar and the peel. Knead\n> again for about 5 minutes, then shape into a round flattish shape (or put\n> into a loaf tin if preferred, but the dough should only come to two-thirds\n> of the way up) and put again, covered in a warm place to rise for about 45\n> minutes. It can be enclosed and secured in a large polythene bag if\n> preferred. Then bake in a moderate oven, 350 degrees F. (180 degrees C.) or\n> gas mark 4, for 1 1/4 hours, take out the brush over the top with the milk\n> which has had a little sugar dissolved in it and put back in the oven to\n> cook for a further 15 minutes. Test with a skewer before taking from the\n> oven and the bottom will sound hollow when tapped if it is properly cooked.\"\n> ---ibid. (p. 250-251) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for Barley\n> Bannocks (p. 226) & Pitcaithly Bannock (almonds, rice flour & candied orange\n> peel p. 249).]\n>\n> [2003] \"Bannock Bread This bread is a lot like frybread in the sense that\n> there are many versions, all valid, of this flattish cake/bread which is, in\n> another sense, a journey or traveling bread. The name is actually Scottish\n> in origin. It must have come into the vocabulary through the means of\n> intermarriage. It is rather northern, even northeastern because of other\n> names used for it: Chippewa Bannock, Canadian Cree Bannock and most\n> recently, Mohawk Bannock. 3 cups flour 1 teaspoon salt 3 tablespoons baking\n> powder 1-1/2 tablespoons sugar 4 tablespoons melted butter or bacon fat 1 or\n> more cups of milk 1/4 cup cooking oil Grease a 10-inch cast iron pan and\n> place it in the oven which you set to 450 degrees to preheat. Mix or sift\n> together the dry ingredients, then blend in the butter or bacon fat and the\n> milk to form dough. Put the dough on a floured board and knead until the\n> dough is elastic. Remove the preheated cast-iron pan from the oven and put\n> the dough in it for a few minutes on one side, then turn over to get some\n> butter or bacon fat on both sides. Flatten the dough down in the pan and\n> bake in the oven for 15 to 20 minutes. It is done when golden brown. Serve\n> hot plain or with sugar, jam or butter.\" ---\"Native Cooking,\" Dale Carson,\n> Indian Country Today [Oneida, N.Y], July 16, 2003 (p. C4) [NOTE: Compare\n> this \"Native\" recipe with fry bread.]\n\nRelated recipes: Oatmeal cookies & scones.\n\nAbout American muffins American muffins today are quite distinguishable from\ntheir English counterparts. This was not always so. An examination of American\nmuffin recipes printed in 19th and 20th century cookbooks reveals some\ninteresting culinary history. Early American muffin recipes were quite similar\n(if not exact copies) of English muffins. Given the history of our country\nthis is not surprising. These same cookbooks also contain recipes for tea\ncakes' and other cakes to be baked in small pans which read more like the\ncakey muffins we know today in America. Tea cakes often called for spices,\nnuts and dried fruits (currants, dates, etc.). They were sweeter and were more\nlikely to be baked than griddled.\n\nAccording to the Dictionary of American Regional English, Frederick G. Cassidy\nand Joan Houston Hall, editors, muffins are defined thusly \"A small cake; a\ncupcake.\" The first print reference cited is \"1879: Tyree, Housekeeping in\nOlde Virginia, 38, \"Another recipe for muffins...make the batter the\nconsistency of pound cake, and bake in snow-ball cups as soon as made.\" The\nOxford English Dictionary does not describe American-type muffins.\n\n\"Muffins...Women were making muffins well before the twentieth century...these\nvaried mainly according to the type of flour used-white, graham, rye, corn.\nSometimes a handful of chopped dates and/or raisins would be added, inch which\ncase muffins became \"Fruit Gems.\"...For the most part, however, muffins\nremained basic-plain-until well into the twentieth Century. For years we had a\nfairly set repertoire of muffins: bran, blueberry, corn, date, apple, oatmeal,\nand such. Then in the 70s and 80s, muffin madness set in. Muffins exploded to\nthree or four times their normal size....\" ---American Century Cookbook: The\nMost Popular Recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New\nYork] 1997 (p. 332)\n\nAmerican cookbooks confirm Mrs. Anderson's statement. Even into the early part\nof the 20th century, muffin recipes are few and basic. In 1920s recipes for\nmuffins became more prolific, but were variations on the same basic theme of\nnuts, dried fruits and different flours (Graham, corn, rice, potato, etc.).\nMuffins with meat (Ham-and-Bacon Muffins) and vegetables (Squash, Pumpkin, or\nSweet Potato Muffins) are also included. Mrs. Allen on Cooking, Menus,\nService, Ida Bailey Allen [1929] lists 23 different muffin recipes. The 1946\nedition of Irma Rombauer's Joy of Cooking lists 19 different muffin recipes\nincluding directions for fresh fruit muffins (blueberry, apple, cranberry).\nShe also includes cheese muffins. Gregg Gillespie's 1001 Muffins [1998]\nincludes many standard recipes as well as some our colonial ancestors probably\nnever dreamed possible: chocolate carrot?\n\nAbout blueberry muffins It is doubtful that you will be able to trace the\nexact place where blueberry muffins were invented, but we can make some\nassumptions. First, true blueberries are native to North America, bilberries\n(a similar type of berry) are native to Central and Northern Europe. European\nsettlers adapted their recipes (muffins, cakes, breads & use of fresh/dried\nfruits) to New World foodstuffs out of necessity. Therefore, anyplace where\nblueberries (they would have been the wild variety, not the plump, juicy\nberries we are used to seeing in the stores) grew, blueberry muffins might\nhave been made. In the New World blueberries grew from North Carolina to Nova\nScotia. Native Americans also used blueberries in their foods:\n\n\"A favorite dish of the Native Americans during colonial times was Sautauthig\n(pronounced saw-taw-teeg), a simple pudding made with dried, crushed\nblueberries, dried, cracked corn(or samp), and water. Later, the settlers\nadded milk, butter and sugar when they were available. The Pilgrims loved\nSautauthig and many historians believe that it was part of the first\nThanksgiving feast. In a letter to friends back in England, one colonist\ndescribes how Sauthauthig was prepared: \"...this is to be boyled or stued with\na gentle fire, till it be tender, of a fitt consistence, as of Rice so boyled,\ninto which Milke, or butter be put either with sugar or without it, it is a\nfood very pleasant...but it must be observed that it be very well boyled, the\nlonger the better, some will let it be stuing the whole day: after it is Cold\nit groweth thicker, and is commonly Eaten by mixing a good Quantity of Milke\namongst it.\" Lesson plan from the U.S. Highbush Council\n\nMushrooms Food historians tell us prehistoric peoples most likely consumed\nfungi and mushrooms. These foods were easy to forage and incorporate into\nmeals. The Ancient Romans appreciated the taste and grew mushrooms. Modern\ncultivation commenced around the 16th century. Truffles, from the Perigord\nregion in France are considered some of the most delicate and expensive\nspecimens of this particular type of food. Portobello and Cremini are relative\nnewcomers.\n\nMushrooms are a subset of the larger plant world of fungus:\n\n\"Fungus in the scientific sense, means any group of simple plants which\ninclude mushrooms and similar plants, yeasts, moulds, and the rusts which grow\nas parasites on crops. Unlike more advanced plants, fungi lack chlorophyll and\nso can only grown as sprophytes (from dead plants or animals); or as parasites\n(on living plants); or in a mycorrhizal relationship (symbiosis between fungi\nand the roots of trees)...The importance of fungi for human food is not\nlimited to those which are eaten as such, or are visible. Many which are\nmicroorganisms play an important part in making or processing human food.\nYeasts are an obvious example, and are regarded as beneficent because of their\nrole in, for example, the making of bread dough...'Musrhooms', to use the term\nloosely as applying to edible fungi in general, are far better known as food\nin the northern than in the southern hemisphere.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food,\nAlan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 326)\n\n\"Mushrooms and other large varieties of fungus have geen eaten since earliest\ntimes, as traces of puffballs in the prehistoric lake dwellings of\nSwitzerland, Germany, and Austria show; but not by everyone and not\neverywhere. The rarest and finest mushrooms, such as the truffle and the\noronge, were highly esteemed in classical Greece and Rome, and have always\nbeen expensive...some mushrooms have been successfully cultivated for a long\ntime. In classical times both Greeks and Romans grew the small Agrocybe\naegerita...on slices of a poplar trunk. The Chinese and Japanese may have been\ngrowing chitake on rotting logs for even longer. Modern European cultivation\ngoes back to 1600, when the French agriculturist Olivier de Serres suggested a\nmethod in his work Le Theatre d'agriculture des champs. In 1678 another\nFrenchman, the botanist Marchant, demonstrated to the Academie des Sciences\nhow mushrooms could be sown in a controlled way by transplanting their mycelia\n(filaments whcih spread through the soil underneath them like fine roots).\"\n---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford]\n1999 (p. 519, 521) [NOTE: This book contains separate entries for specific\ntypes of mushrooms...shiitake, enokitake, truffles, etc. If you need these\ndetails ask your librarian to help you find a copy of the book.]\n\n\"Fungi have been associated with humans since prehistoric times and must have\nbeen collected and eaten along with other plants by hunter-gatherers prior to\nthe deveolpment of agriculture...Although their prehistoric use remains\nuncertain, they may have been employed as food, in the preparation of\nbeverages, and as medicine. There is, however, no specific evidence for the\nuse of fungi prior to the Neolithic period, when fungi consumption would have\nbeen associated with the drinking of mead (yeast-fermented diluted honey) and\nyeast-fermented beer or wine, and, somewhat later, the eating of yeast-\nfermented (leavened) bread.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F.\nKiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2001,\nVolume One (p. 314) [NOTE: This book contains information on mushrooms/fungi\nas they relate to different cultures: Mesopotamia, Egypt, Sudan, China,\nGreece/Rome, Japan, Mexico, Near East, and Europe.]\n\n\"Cave drawings and paintings tell us hardly anything about the plants the\ncavedwellers ate, and it is even rarer to find them showing mushrooms, which\ndoes not mean that the latter never featured on prehistoric menus. Residues\nidentified prove that other vegetables were in fact eaten, even if few felt\nany urge to depict them on cabe walls. Morever, if we look at the dietary\ncustoms of contemporary peoples who are still at the Paleolithic or Neolithic\nstage of development, there is plenty of evidence of an interest in mushrooms\nboth edible and poisonous. The latter can be used for hunting, fishing, or\nindeed for homicial purposes...The ancient Egyptians and Romans greatly\nenjoyed mushrooms...The Bible, although full of references to food of many\nkinds, never mentions mushrooms, either in praise or otherwise...\" ---History\nof Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble\nBooks:New York] 1992 (p. 57)\n\n\"The first evidence that mushrooms were used as human food in prehistoric\nEurope is the recent find of a bowl of field mushrooms in a Bronze Age house\nnear Nola in Italy. Mushrooms were gathered from the wild. Classical Greek\nauthors tend to treat them as famine food, on the level with acorns. By\nRomans, however, they were so highly regarded that the Stoic writer Seneca\ngave up mushrooms (boleti) as unnecessary luxuries---an approach to the\nvegetarianism and asceticism that he toyed with. Recipes are suggested by\nDiphilus of Siphnos, in the third century BC, and in Apicius in the fourth\ncentury AD.\" ---Food in the Ancient World from A to Z, Andrew Dalby\n[Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 223)\n\nWhy are they called \"mushrooms?\" \"The word mushroom, first recorded in the\nearly fifteenth century, was borrowed from Old French mousseron. This has been\ntraced back to a late Latin mussirio, a word of unknown origin.\" ---An A to Z\nof Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 221)\n\nAbout mushrooms in America\n\n\"...it may seem surprosing that mushrooms entered the American culinary\nlimelight only in the late nineteenth century. Until the 1890s, most mushroom\nrecipes were for ketchups, sauces, and pickles, with occasional stewed\nmushooms or French-influenced dishes named \"champignons.\" Few Americans\nincluded mushrooms in kitchen gardens, which was undertandable given Hannah\nGlasse's rare and unappetizing instructions for mushroom\ncultivation...mushroom gathering was fraught with danger, for no reliable\nAmerican guides distinguished between gustatory pleasure and peril. Typical is\nThe Kentucky Housewife (1839) by Lettice Bryan, which simply warns the cook to\n\"be careful to select the esculent mushrooms, as some of them are very\npoisonous.\" Mushroom cultivation began in seventeeth-century France...The\ntechniques were perfected in the 1870s and spread abroad, just as French\ncookery became fashionable in America. By the 1890s, a veritable fungus frenzy\nwas sweeping America, bot as a fad food and as a scientific curiousity.\nMushrooming clubs, were forager swapped tips, spring up quickly. Meticulously\nillustrated literature educated amateurs and professionals in identifying and\ncooking mushrooms...The first professional information on mushroom cultivation\nin America was disseminated on a large scale in the 1890s, mainly through the\nefforts of William Falconer.\" ---Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink,\nAndrew F. Smith, editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2007 (p. 396-7)\n\n19th/early 20th century examples of American mushroom cookery are available\nonline courtesy of Michigan State Univeristy's Historic American Cookbook\nProject. Search mushroom in recipe title or as ingredient.\n\n * Mushroom Information Center\n * American Mushroom Institute\n * Mushroom festival (PA)\n\nTrufles (fungus)\n\n\"Truffles...A number of fleshy subterranean fungi of the genus Tuber are\ncalled truffles...Truffles are also among the oldest vegetables in the\nhistorical record.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple &\nKriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume\nTwo (p. 1872)\n\n\"The original truffle is the underground fungus of the genus Tuber, prized by\ngastronomes of several millennia for its ineffable perfume and its supposed\naphrodesiac qualities. The Roman gourmet Apicius gave seven recipes for\npreparing it, and Brillat-Savarin apostophised it as 'the diamond in the art\nof cookery'. Until the nineteenth century truffles seem to have been\nrelatively abundant...but these days demand so far outstrips the supply that\n(like oysters) they have passed beyond the reach of all but the very well-\nheeled.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2993 (p. 351)\n\n\"Truffles, althoug treated as a delicacy by both Greeks and Romans, were also\nsomewhat of a puzzle to them. Mushrooms they could in their own way understand\nas they had both stalks and 'roots'. but truffles just appeared buried in the\nearth with no clue as to their origin. According to Pliny the most prized\ntruffles came from Africa; Juevenal, more precisely, mentions Libya as the\nsource of the best truffles, though Marital considered them to be still second\nto boleti. It us to Apicius again that we must turn to see how truffles were\neaten in Ancient Rome. He recommends first scraping, then boiling, and\nafterards grilling them lightly on skewers; after this they are to be returned\nto a pan for boiling, this time with liquamen, carenum, pepper, wine and\nhoney. When this sauce has thickened, he says, they can again be grilled\nwrapped in a sausage skin, and then served as they are. In addition, Apicius\ngives three sauces for serving with them and another recipe for cooking them.\nThe Romans may not have known much about the origins of truffles but they\ncertainly had ideas about preparing them for the table.\" ---Food in Antiquity:\nA Survey of the Diet of Early People, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell,\nexpanded edition [Johns Hopkins University Press:Baltimore] 1998 (p. 92-3)\n\nThe French connection \"Truffles had been known in Babylon as well as\nRome...Although the people of medieval Baghdad feasted on truffles from the\nArabian desert, in France Truffles remained sunk in obscurity until the\nfourteenth century, when they were pickled in vinegar, soaked in hot water and\nserved with butter. That they were eaten at all was probably due to their\nreputation as an aphrodesiac (a label that was attached to most new or rare\nfoods until the modern period.)...La Varenne suggested cooking truffles like\nmushrooms, but although Louis XIV was one famous enthusiast and Napoleon\nanother, it was not well into the nineteenth century that the French really\nbecame converts. The truffles became so fashionable that the demand trebled,\nand so did the price.\" ---Food in History, Reay Tannahill [Three Rivers\nPress:New York] 1988 (p. 238-239)\n\n\"In France, the truffle of note (and the most famous variety) is the Perigord\n(Tuber melanosporum), a truffle that is black both inside and out, which\nBrillat-Savarin called a \"black diamond.\"..\"Mysterious\" is a word often used\nin writings on truffles. Truffles vary in size from that of a walnut to that\nof a fist...are round shaped, and have a rough exterior.\" ---Cambridge World\nHistory of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge\nUniversity Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1872)\n\nWhat do truffles look like? About Chocolate truffles (candy).\n\nPortobello The food experts generally agree on three points when it comes to\nthe history of portabellas:\n\n 1. This meaty mushroom is an American invention with Italian roots (spores, actually) made popular by clever marketing in the late 1980s/early 1990s. Both cremini and portobello mushrooms are first mentioned in the New York Times during the mid 1980s.\n 2. There are several theories regarding the name. Although these mushrooms are also currenty enjoyed in fine dining establishments of Central/South America, there is no apparent connection between the town of Portobelo (Panama) the origination of the name or item.\n 3. There is no definative spelling of this fungus. According to Google (not a scientific, but a popular survey), Portobello is preferred (169,000), followed by portabella (33,100) and portobella (3, 510).\n\n\"By the late 1800s...Italian growers also cultivated the common mushroom but\nprefering the brown-capped variety, which are often called cremini mushrooms\n(or Italian brown) and have an earthy flavor that is fine for soups and stews\nand for stuffing. The large and beefy Portabello (also Roma) is acutally a\nfully grown cremini, with dense and meaty flesh that lends itself nicely to\ngrilling or roasting. Originally, cremini mushrooms were imported from Italy,\nbut now they are cultivated in the United States.\" ---Cambridge World History\nof Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1818)\n\n\"The name \"portobello\" began to be used in the 1980s as a brilliant marketing\nploy to popularize an unglamorous mushroom that, more often than not, had to\nbe disposed of because growers couldn't sell them.\" ---The New Food Lover's\nCompanion, Sharon Tyler Herbst, 3rd edition [Barrons:New York] 2001 (p. 485)\n\n\"Portobellos are popping up on the nation's menus like mushrooms after a\nspring rain. From soups and salads to sandwiches and entrees, the portobellos\nare everywhere. \"It's a phenomenon in the food business,\" says Wade Whitfield\nof the Mushroom Council, an industry trade group in Roseville, Calif. \"This\nthing has gone from nearly zero in 1993 to a predicted 30 million pounds this\nyear. It's a major item. It will be the largest specialty mushroom.\" And chefs\nhave found portobellos their own specialty. Whitfield of the Mushroom Council\nsaid no one can put their finger on the precise development of the portobello.\n\"I've talked to several growers, and one said that he almost got fired once\nfor growing those things,\" Whitfield notes. \"They are really culls. You didn't\nwant them in the mushroom bed. He would throw them away. There was no market.\nGrowers would take them home.\" Farges adds that most of the mushroom farmers,\nmany in southeastern Pennsylvania, were of Italian origin. They originally\nproduced brown mushrooms, but the public clamored for the white button variety\nbecause it was clean and pristine. In the 1960s and 1970s, with the back-to-\nearth movement, the growers again started producing the browns. \"They are\nsometimes called Romans, cremini or browns,\" Farges explains. \"It has a much\nmeatier flavor. It became a gourmet item. By accident, they found that if you\nlet it grow, it would grow into a portobello.\" White mushrooms are still 90\npercent of the supply, but portobellos have taken a bite of the market in the\npast four years. More growers are converting operations from white to\nportobellos in their mushroom houses,\" says Whitfield, adding that the move\nleads to a reduction in price. With the increased popularity, however, comes a\ndisagreement over the spelling of portobellos. Whitfield explains: \"A great\ndeal of the growers are of Italian descent. I don't know who named it, but I\nunderstand portabella means 'beautiful door.' With an instead of an 'a' in\nporto, it means 'beautiful port.'\" The Mushroom Council prefers portabella,\nsays Whitfield, but that's open to dispute. \"To be honest, I've been here two\nand a half years, and portobellos were just coming on the scene,\" he says. \"We\nhad five varieties, and portobellos became the sixth. I got to the sticky\nlittle point of 'How do you spell it?' O's or A's? At the time I could\nidentify six shippers who were selling portobellos. I called all six of them,\nand asked, 'How do you spell portobello?' Four out of six spelled it\nportabella.\" ---\"For Many Chefs, It's Sunrise for Portobellos,\" Ron Ruggless,\nNation's Restaurant News, May 13, 1996, Vol. 30, Issue 19\n\nCremini\n\n\"The chubby cremino...properly encouraged by environmental conditions, will\nmetamorphose to a portly portobello (also portabella), a name as difficult to\ndocument as cremini. I asked dozens who work with mushrooms, here and in\nItaly, about the name. The marketing director of a mushroom farm told me, \"It\nwas named after Portobello Road in London, where they sell fashionable things,\nyou know.\" An importer said, \"Until ten years ago, the mushroom was\ncappelaccio in Italy. Then it was renamed after a TV show called Portobello\nbecause it sounds better.\" Another importer told me that \"portobello is known\nonly in northern Italy, where it is called capellone.\" To one authority,\ncapellone means \"big hat.\" To the director of an Italian trade board and a\ndictionary it means \"hippie.\" Two northern Italian chefs had never heard of\ncapellone or cappelaccio. The most outlandish derivation came from an Italian\ndistributor: \"Well, you know that champignon comes from the word for\nChampagne, and that a Champagne cork looks like a round port and that's how we\nget porto bello beautiful port.\"\nhttp://www.globalgourmet.com/food/kgk/2002/0402/kgk042602.html\n\nNew potatoes Our research indicates \"new potatoes\" (aka \"early potatoes\") have\nbeen around for a very long time. There is no single specific variety or\ncolor. The connecting culinary thread is they are harvested in the spring. The\njackets are delicate and potatoes are flavorful. Like ramps & dandelions, new\npotatoes herald spring.\n\n[1817] \"Waterford, June 28.--Large baskets of new potatoes, from Mr. Shearman,\nof Greenville, from Check Point, and from other quarters, daily come into\nmarket, and are sold at prices very little higher than that of old potatoes.\"\n---Dublin Journal [Ireland], July 3, 1817 (p. 3)\n\n[1853] \"The New-Haven Register is indebted to David Scranton, Esq., for a mess\nof new potatoes, dug on his premises a few days since. We ought, perhaps, to\nstate, that while digging a cellar, the workmen came upon several full hills\nof potatoes, two feet under ground, from which those sent us were taken. As\nthey had not been planted there by any human agency, it is supposed the seed\nwas deposited by moles or rates, and hence the crops--which, we reckon, is the\nearliest that have been in market this season.\" ---New York Daily Times, March\n21, 1853 (p. 2)\n\n[1911] \"New potatoes from Bermuda are received here during October and\nNovember and again about March. Florida generally sends its first supplies in\nFebruary, but the date varies with the conditions of the season, sometimes\nbeing as late as April.\" ---The Grocer's Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [National\nGrocer:New York] 1911 (p. 502)\n\n[1919] \"New Potatoes: Brush and scrape off all the skin of six potatoes and\nboil for half an hour in salted boiling water, drain, salt and dry for a few\nminutes, and then pour melted butter over them and sprinkle with chopped\nparsley.\"\n\n\"Imitation New Potatoes Buy a potato cutter at a first-class hardware store,\nand with it cut the potatoes to the size of a hickory nut, and then fry or\nsteam them. When cooked they look just like new potatoes. They are especially\nnice to garnish meats. You may also parboil and brown in fat, or boil and add\nparsley as you would with new potatoes. The remainder of the raw potatoes may\nbe boiled and mashed or fried into ribbons.\" Source: International Jewish Cook\nBook, Florence Kreisler Greenbaum\n\n[1941] \"Early potatoes. Supply of 'early' potatoes for the northern markets\ncomes from the southern states. About Christmas time, new potatoes begin to\nmove from southern Florida. Cuba also ships early potatoes, starting in\nJanuary. Northern Florida, due to paucity of frosts and the early growing\nseason, furnishes many northern cities with supplies of new potatoes. As the\nseason advances, points of origin move northward into Georgia, South Carolina\nand North Carolina. By June potato harvest is under way in Maryland, then New\nJersey, then Long Island in July. These areas specialize in early potatoes to\ncommand a good price...\" ---\"Potatoes,\" Commodity Year Book 1941 [Commodity\nResearch Bureau:New York] 1941 (p. 441)\n\n[1963] \"New Potatoes. First earlies, of which the principal varieties are\nArran Pilot, Home Guard, Epicure and Ulster Prince, come into season from the\nend of May through June and July; the first are lifted in Cornwall, Shropshire\nand Lincolnshire. Their size, texture and appearance are distinctive, being\ngenerally smaller and cleaner. Because of their relatively short season, they\nare normally served whole when hot, though naturally they are cut for use in\nsalads. They are well suited for salad in early summer because of their season\nas well as because of their texture and flavour. To test for freshness of new\npotatoes, rub them lightly with the finger or thumb when the light skin should\nreadily come away.\" (p. 2)...Treatment of New Potatoes: Though New Potatoes\nmay be subjected to the rissole process (tossing in hot fat on the stove top\nand oven finishing)they are usually served plainly boiled or steamed. General\nconsiderations as applied to boiling and steaming are valid for new potatoes\nthough naturally one does not seek to achieve flouriness or mealiness. New\npotatoes have a delicate and more easily detached skin and removal by hand\nscraping is both possible and to be preferred. Mechanical peeling and the use\nof a hand potato peeler should be avoided...It is customary to add mint to the\ncooking water and at service the addition of a few leaves of blanched mint is\ndesirable. New potatoes should invariably be dressed with butter...\"(p. 39)\n---The o Manual, John Fuller, published for the Potato Marketing Board [Sir\nIsaac Pitman & Sons:London] 1963\n\n[1967] \"New potatoes are being harvested now in Florida. This year's crop is a\nrecord one. Not only is the potato acreage large--a total of 45,000 acres in\nFlorida--but, according to reports, the yield per plant is excellent. Cook new\npotatoes in their jackets, then peel them. Or peel a 'belt' around each potato\nto allow salt or other seasonings to penetrate during cooking. Cook them in\nbouillon, and serve with a generous sprinkling of mince chives or parsley, or\nuse them in a spring salad. If you want a hot, German-style salad, toss cooked\nnew potatoes with dressing while they're hot. For a chilled salad, marinate\ncooked potatoes in dressing and add sliced zucchini and mushrooms before\nserving.\" ---\"New Potatoes Brighten March Menus,\" Washington Post, March 16,\n1967 (p. D4)\n\nNutmeg Food historians place the epicenter of nutmeg's origin in the Moluccas\n(aka Spice Islands). This particular spice sparked a unique chain of economic\nand political events, making it a fascinating topic of study. When was it\nfirst commonly used in food? The answer depends upon the culture and cuisine.\nWhile print evidence confirms early uses in several continents, this spice was\nbeyond the reach of the average British person until the mid-nineteenth\ncentury. Notes here:\n\n\"Nutmeg...a kernel of the fruit of a tropical tree (Myristica fragrans), the\ndried nutmeg berry is called \"nutmeg\" because of its nutlike appearance.\nNutmeg and macea re the only spices that come from the same fruit, with mace\nthe aril of the dried seed. The nutmeg berry can be as small as an apricot or\nas large as a peach. An ancient spice, nutmeg is native to the Moluccas (the\n\"Spice Islands\") and was employed in South Asian cuisines for many centuries\nbefore it found its way to Rome, where Pliny wrote of a tree that bore a nut\nwith two different tastes.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F.\nKiple & Kriemild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000,\nVolume Two (p. 1823)\n\n\"There is no record of nutmeg being known in classical Greece or Rome, but it\nhad reached Constantinople by the 9th century AD, when St. Theodore the\nStudite allowed the monks who live by his Rule to sprinkle it on their pease\npudding on non-meat days. By the 12th century it and mace were well known in\nEurope. When the Portuguese reached the Moluccas in 1514 they were able to\nacquire a monopoly on the trade, which they held for almost a century. At the\nbeginning of the 17th century the Dutch wrestled control from them and laid\nthe foundation of the Dutch E. Indian empire in the Bandanese island of Nehra,\npart of the Moluccas. They maintained their monopoly for over 150 years, but\nin 1770 a French expedition returned to Maruritius with nutmeg seedlings, and\nthe first French nutmeg was picked eight years later. The British, who\noccupied the Moluccas from 1796 to 1802, planted nutmegs in Penang and\ntherafter in other British possessions with seemingly suitable conditions, but\nit was not until the 1860s that cultivation of nutmegs in Grenada, which\nturned out to be the most suitable place for them, became significant.\"\n---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson, 2nd edition edited by Tom Jaine\n[Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2006 (p. 546)\n\n\"Etymologically, the nutmeg is the 'nut that smells of musk'. It is a partial\ntranslation of Old French nois mugeude, which came from a hypothetical Vulgar\nLatin nuce mascata, literally 'musky nut'...It seems to first to have been\nheard of in England in the fourteenth century, but it probably did not arrive\nin any quantity until the early sixteenth century, after the Portuguese had\nopened up the route round the Cape of Good Hope to the Moluccas and the other\nspice islands. In the mid-seventeenth century the Dutch seized the Moluccas,\nand Mrs. Beeton noted with some asperity that the nutmeg 'was long kept from\nbeing spread in other places by the monopolizing spirit of the Dutch, who\nendeavoured to keep it wholly to themselves by eradicating it from every other\nisland'. By her time it had, however, 'through the enterprise of the\nBritish...found its way into Penang...where it flourishes and produces well'.\nIn the eighteenth century gentlemen used to carry around with them small\nsilver boxes which doubled as nutmeg holders and nutmeg graters, with which\nthey would grate nutmeg into their hot chocolate drinks. The nutmeg has\nretained a foothold in the British kitchen ever since, particularly as a\ncomponent of mixed spice used in cakes, puddings, etc.\" ---An A-Z of Food &\nDrink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 227)\n\n\"Cloves and nutmeg were the most exotic of all the costly ingredients in the\n'royal perfume' of the Parthian court, in early Iran. This is just about the\nearliest textual evidence of the use of either spice anywhere in the world. In\nmany later texts, likewise, they go together...An Elizabethan nutritionist\nadvises nutmeg a s a healthy dietary supplement for students, especially the\nconserved or 'candied' nutmeg which was stocked by chemists...Far earlier,\nthis was also the first form of nutmeg that reached China, In the fourth\ncentury JI Han writes of an aromatic 'resembling the brush tips of pens, but\nabout three quarters of an inch in length,'...IN AD 203 the governor of\nTonking presented Wu Ti of Wei with nutmeg conserves. If 'nutmeg' is the\ncorrect translation here--some think otherwise--we have to suppose that\nnutmegs afterwards ceased to reach the Middle Kingdom, because when they\nreappear in Chinese texts, in the eighth century, then have a different name,\nmeaning literally 'flesh cardamom'. As with cloves, several Chinese authors\ninsets--quite wrongly--that nutmegs grew in Indochina. Their mistake serves as\ngood evidence that nutmegs reached China not by any direct route, coasting the\nPhilippines and Taiwan, but by way of Java and Tonking. Tonking was, for\ncenturies, the most southerly Chinese province and the place of entry for many\nexotic products from further south...To summarize: on the Chinese market\nnutmeg may have made a brief appearance in the third and fourth centuries, but\nreappeared in the eighth under a different name. Nutmeg is first recorded in\nWestern markets around the same time...Nutmeg occurs in Greek texts of the\nninth century, in French texts in the twelfth, in English texts by the\nfourteenth...nutmeg was among the spices the European explorers were most\nanxious to find...European nations would compete to possess the real nutmeg\nplantations when they discovered them, they would fight for the monopoly of\nthe trade, and they did eventually succeed in breaking that monopoly and\n(whether they wanted to do this or not) in flooding the market and smashing\nthe price.\" ---Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices, Andrew Dalby [University\nof California Press:Berkeley CA] 2000 ](p. 53-55)\n\n\"Some authorities...say that the earliest Chinese description of nutmeg is\nthat of Ch'en Ts'ang-ch'i in T'ang times. The nutmeg is question came to China\nby merchant vessels from overseas, and it was called jou-tou-k'ou, one of its\ncommon names today. Recently...H.L. Li...identified as nutmeg...a plant called\n\"o-chih-tzu,\" which was described by Chi Han in his flora (fourth century\nA.D.) Chi Han reported that i-chih-tzu was produced in what today are Annam\nand Kwangtung, and that early in the third century a governor of Chiao-chih\nsent a gift of i-chih-tzu preserves to Emperor Wu of Wei...The term i-chi-tzu\nin later times was used for bitter-seeded cardamom...but it Li is correct in\nhis view that Chi Han's i-chih-tzu was nutmeg, the earliest Chinese knowledge\nof nutmeg would be foru or even five centuries earlier than most scholars had\nsuspected. And the tree must have been introduced from the Spice Islands to\nAnnam and mainland China still earlier, perhaps by the nan-Yueh seafarers who\nfirst carried cloves to China. Even if Li is wrong in his identification, the\nnutmeg tree seems to have been cultivated in Kwangtung or elsewhere in Longnan\nby the end of the eleventh century if not sooner...It is often difficult to\nclassify a product as being primarily a spice or medicinal, but that is less\nof a problem for nutmeg in China...nutmeg in T'ang China apparently was a\nmedicine but not a spice...a broth of ground nutmeg [was] given for digestive\nproblems and diarrhea.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry,\nFrederick J. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1009 (P.403-4)\n\nWhy is Connecticut is nicknamed the Nutmeg State?\n\nOkra Okra is an \"Old World\" vegetable. The exact place of origin is still\nmatter of debate. Over the centuries, many cultures have embraced okra and\nused it to create traditional dishes. Mediterranean and African recipes\ncombined with tomatoes (a new world fruit) were created after the Columbian\nExchange. Okra was introduced to the New World by African slaves. This\nvegetable is still a favorite in the American south. General overview (with\npicture) here.\n\n\"Okra is the edible seedpods of a tropical and subtropical plant of the\nhollyhock family...Africa is the source of the name...which appears to be\nderived from or related to nkuruma, the word for 'okra' in the Twi language of\nWest Africa. It is first recorded in English at the beginning of the\neighteenth century. The mucilaginous pods, like miniature pentagonal green\nbananas, are an essential ingredient in, and thickener of, soups and stews in\ncountries where they are grown...Other names of the polynomial okra include in\nEnglish speaking countries lady's fingers, in India bhindi, and in the eastern\nMediterranean and Arab countries bamies.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John\nAyto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 230)\n\n\"Okra (Hibiscus esculentus)...and annual plant of tropical and subtropical\nregions which bears pods which are eaten as a vegetable. It is the only member\nof the mallow family...to be used in this way...Okra is generally regarded as\nnative to Africa, and may have been first cultivated either in the vicinity of\nEthiopia or in W. Africa. It is not known when it spread from Ethiopia to N.\nAfrica, the E. Mediterranean, Arabia, and India. There is not trace of it in\nearly Egyptian tombs, but it was recorded as growing beside the Nile in the\n13th century. Its westward migration to the New World seems to have been a\nresult of the traffic in slaves. Okra reached Brazil by 1658 and Dutch Guiana\nby 1686. It may also have arrived in the south of the USA during the 17th\ncentury, and was being grown as far north as Virginia and Philadelphia in the\n18th century. The spread of okra eastwards from India as slow. Its appearance\nin SE Asia may be assigned to the 19th century, and it arrived in China soon\ntherafter...Okra is only moderately popular in Europe...It is used much more\nextensively in the Middle East and India, as a vegetable.\" ---Oxford Companion\nto Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 549-550)\n\n\"A native of Africa (most likely tropical Africa), okra was used by the\nEgyptians, was known to the Spanish Moors in the twelfth century A.D., and in\nthe late seventeenth century was carried by slaves to the Americas. According\nto legend, okra was introduced to in southeastern North America by the\n\"Cassette Girls\"--25 young French women who landed at Mobile in 1704 in search\nof husbands. They had with them okra that had been obtained from slaves in the\nWest Indies, and which they used to invent \"gumbo,\" which is a soup or stew\nthickened with okra. Okra has played a major role in the cuisines of ex-slave\nsocieties in the Americas, where it continues to be popular. It is also\ncultivated in Africa and East and South Asia.\" ---Cambridge World History of\nFood, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1824)\n\nOkra in America \"Some of the new aliments were undeserved gifts from the\nslaves, who carried seeds of African plants with them to the New World. The\nblack-eye pea, so popular in the South today, was introduced in this fashion\nin 1674; there were others--okra and w watermelon, for instance--but it is in\nthe nature of things that we have no precise dates for their arrival.\"\n---Eating in America: A History, Waverly Root & Richard de Rochemont [William\nMorrow:New York] 1976 (p. 84)\n\n\"Okra...derived from the West African nkruma, as in use in America by the\n1780s. Okra was brought to America by African slaves, who used it in stews and\nsoups and cut it up as a vegetable. The most famous use for okra is in\nLouisiana gumbo.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani\n[Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 220)\n\n\"The word \"okra\" clearly derives from West African nkru ma, which indicates\nthat the plant was brought to the Americas through the slave trade directly\nfrom Africa or indirectly through the Carribean. Slaves grew okra in gardens\non southern plantations and introduced its cookery into mainstream America.\nThe Swedish scientist Peter Kalm reported in his Travels into North America\n(1748) that okra was growing in Philadelphia. Thomas Jefferson, in his Notes\non the State of Virginia (1785), recorded that okra was cultivated there.\nExtensive directions for growing okra were published in Robert Squibb's The\nGardener's Calendar for South Carolina, Georgia, and North Carolina (1787).\nThe pod of the opkra is steamed, boiled, fried, pickled, and cooked in soups\nand stews, notably gumbo. The seeds are also ground into meal for use in\nmaking bread oand oil. Southerners used ground okra seeds as a coffee\nsubstitute, especially during the Civil War...The leaves and flower buds are\nalso edible and are cooked as greens. The pods and the leaves are dried,\ncrushed into powder, and used for flavoring and thickening soups, including\npepper pot, and stews. Although recipes for okra appear in early American\ncookery manuscripts, Thomas Cooper's edition of the Domestic Encyclopedia\n(1821) includes the first publsihed reicpe with okra as an ingredient. Mary\nRandolph's Virginia House-wife (1821) offers recipes using okra...The word\n\"gumbo\" or \"gombo\" is another African name for okra. In New Orleans it was\napplied to both the vegetable and the complex Creole stew made with\nit...Gumbos migrated quickly throughout America...Since the 1960s, okra has\nentered the American culinary mainstream, although as many writers point out,\nit is an acquired taste. It is a significant component of soul food and\nsouthern cookery in general.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in\nAmerica, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford Univeristy Press:New York] 2004,\nVolume 2 (p. 211-2)\n\n\"Gumbo, Gombo, Gumbs--This name for hibsicus esculentus comes from Angolan\nkingombo; okra, another popular name, is through to come from West African\nnkru-ma (OED). The vegetable seems to have come to Virginia from black Africa,\nwhere it had long been cultivated, by way of the West Indies: Sir Hans Sloane\nreported in 1707 that Ocra was flourishing in Jamaica (OED), and Mrs. Randolph\nherself describes Gumbs (Gumbo in later editions) as a \"West Indian Dish\"\n(facsimile). ...Mrs. Randolph's Gumbs is simply buttered okra; her recipe for\nOcra Soup...more nearly resembles later recipes for gumbo, however.\" ---The\nVirginia House-wife, Mary Randolph (facsimile 1824 edition), with Historical\nNotes and Commentaries by Karen Hess [Univeristy of South Carolina\nPress:Columbia SC] 1984 (p. 275-6) [The passage quoted above is one of Ms.\nHess' historical notes]\n\nMs. Randolph's recipes:\n\n> \"Gumbs--A West India Dish Gather young pods of ocra, wash them clean, and\n> put them in a pan with a little water, wald tne pepper, stew them till\n> tender, and serve them with melted butter. Thye are very nutricious and easy\n> of digestion.\" ---The Virginia House-wife, Mary Randolph (facsimile 1824\n> edition), with Historical Notes and Commentaries by Karen Hess [Univeristy\n> of South Carolina Press:Columbia SC] 1984 (p. 96)\n>\n> \"Ocra Soup Get two double handsful of young ochra, wash and slice it thin,\n> add two onions choppped fine, put it into a gallon of water at a very early\n> hour in an earthen pipkin, or very nice iron pot: it must be kept steadily\n> simmering, but not boiling: put in pepper and salt. At 12 o'clock, put in a\n> handful of Lima beans, at half past one o'clock, add three young cimlins\n> cleaned and cut in small pieces, a fowl, or knuckle of veal, a bit of bacon\n> or pork that has been boiled, and six tomatats, with the skin taken off when\n> nearly done; thicken with a spoonful of butter, mixed with one of flour.\n> Have rice boiled to eat with it.\" ---ibid, (p. 34-5) [NOTE: Cimlins are a\n> type of squash.]\n\nAdditional early American okra recipes (search as recipe title and/or\ningredient here, courtesy of Michigan State University.\n\nOkra stew Okra stew is generally composed of tomatoes, onions and garlic. It\nis popular in Mediterranean countries and surrounding regions. Most of the\ningredients are indigenous and have been combined since ancient times.\nTomatoes date the recipe. These new world fruits (yes, they are fruits!) were\nintroduced to the region in the 16th century. About tomatoes.\n\n\"Yakhnat al-Bamiya (Okra stew) This is a Lebanese dish, but also popular in\nEgypt. Okra...is a mucilaginous vegetable in the Malvacaea family, as is\ncotton. Both Ethiopia and West Africa have been proposed as its place of\norigin and its date of arrival in the Mediterranean is not known. The\ncytotaxonomy of okra is so confused that it is possible the plant has an Asian\norigin. Lebanese and Palestinian cooks favor the baby okra, small and tender,\nabout the size of the last joint on your little finger...The meatless version\nof this stew, called bamiya, is made with okra, tomatoes, onions, lots of\ngarlic, and lemon juice. In Damascus they would also add lots of fresh\ncoriander, while in Homs and Aleppo the okra would be cooked with copius\nquantities of garlic, pomegranate molasses, and tomato juice. Serve with rice\npilaf and khubz arabi (Arabic flatbread or pita bread).\" ---A Mediterranean\nFeast, Clifford A. Wright [William Morrow:New York] 1999 (p. 128) [NOTE: This\nbook contains a recipe for the above dish.]\n\nOlive oil Ancient treasure to modern health: few foods rival the economic,\nsocial, symbolic and practical impact of olive oil on human history.\n\n\"Olive oil, the main product of the olive and an extremely important food\nproduct of the ancient Mediterranean. Olive oil production involved three\nprocesses. The skin of the fruit must be first broken and the flesh crushed,\npreferably without breaking the stone. The pulp must then be pressed to\nrelease the oil. The oil must finally be separated from the watery amurca. Oil\ncan be extracted without the use of presses, but mechanisation must have been\nimportant in the development of olive oil production. A beam press was in use\nin Ugarit (Syria) around 1500BC. Crushing mills and oil presses were\nwidespread throughout the Mediterranean in Hellenistic and Roman\ntimes....Although olive oil is never a cheap product it is used generously in\nmodern Mediterranean cuisines, as it clearly was in ancient cookery also. It\nserved serveral food purposes. It was a medium for marinading meat and fish\nbefore cooking. It was a cooking medium. It was used as a dressing both for\ncooked food when served, and for fresh green vegetables; for this purpose it\nwas sometimes used alone, sometimes mixed with vinegar and aromatic herbs.\nFinally it was used in conserving. Olive oil is one of the best cooking oils,\nsince, apart from its unusual health benefits, it retains a good flavour and\nits boiling point is high. In ancient times it had no competition from cheaper\nvegetable oils, while in ancient Mediterranean cuisine animal fat was not used\nas a cooking medium. On the edges of the classical world olive oil was less\nwell know. Pharaonic Egypt imported olive oil from Palestine and Crete. By the\ntwelfth century BC olives were growing in Egypt, and Theophrastus confims that\nat the time of Alexander's conquest in the fourth century olives were grown\nfor oil in the Thebaid, but this had been small-volume luxury production...As\nthe principal vegetable oil of the ancient Mediterranean, olive oil had many\nnon-food uses. It was a fuel, especially for lamps. It was a soap or cosmetic,\nused for rubbing the body...it was used for oiling clothes...Perfumed oils,\nused for burning as unguents, were made with the addition of various spices\nand aromatics...Both pure oil and perfumed oil were used in religious and\nsocial rituals.\" ---Food in the Ancient World From A-Z, Andrew Dalby\n[Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 239-240)\n\n\"As Pliny says at the beginning of his chapter on oil: 'There are two liquids\nespecially agreeable to the human body, wine inside and oil outside.' In\ncountries without the olive the place of oil was generally taken first by\nanimal fat. That must have applied to ancient Italy before the introduction of\nthe olive, but we have little direct evidence of this, for once established,\nthe olive became the universal provider...[Olives] appear to have originated\nin Syria and Palestine, whilst aspiny variety may be indigenous to Crete. The\nolive industry must have played a vital role in Crete and much evidence\nconcerning it has come from that region. Its cultivation there goes back at\nleast to 2500 BC. Olive stores of Late Minoan date have been found and also\nseeds and an olive press at Palaikastro. A number of settling vats have also\nbeen brought to light, and the methods for extracting oil must have been much\nthe same as those still employed in modern Crete. This involves drenching the\nolives with hot water prior to pressing them; the resulting liquid is oured\ninto vats which allow th oil to come to the top, the water being then drawn\noff through a spout at the bottom. The significance of oil in early Crete\nbecomes evident when one considers the vast quantities of pithoi (pottery\njars) in the storerooms of the palace at Knossos. Oil seems to have been the\nking's treasure, and its export one of his major sources of revenue...There\nare also innumerable Biblical references to olives and olive oil...Oil\ncultivation did not reach Italy until the sixth century BC and appears to have\ncome via Greece, where domestication took place considerably earlier. Once\nolive oil reached Italy, its value was quickly appreciated...and the Romans\nsoon set themselves to work producing fruit and oil of varying kinds and\nquantities...All the Roman writers on agriculture give full instructions to be\nfollowed when extracting olive oil. The olives should preferably be fresh when\npressed. The first pressing resulted in the first quality oil, the two\nsubsequent pressings of the pulp gave second quality and ordinary oil.\"\n---Food in Antiquity, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell [Johns Hopkins\nUniversity Press:Baltimore] exanded edition, 1998 (p. 155-156)\n\nOlive harvest notes from Cato [2nd century BC:Rome] \"When the olives are ripe,\nthey should be gathered as early as possible, and stand as little as possible\non the ground or in the loft. On the ground and in the loft they deteriorate.\nThe gatherers want there to be as many windfalls as possible,, so that they\ngather more. The press workers want them to be in the loft as long as\npossible, to soften, which makes their work easier. Do not accept that oil\nyield increases with storage. The more quickly you make it, the better the\nwork will go, and the highter will be the quantity and quality of oil from the\nsame amount harvested...Make green oil as follows: Collect windfall olives as\nquickly as possible. If dirty, wash them, clean them of leaves and manure.\nMake oil one day or two days after picking. Pick olives when black. The more\nbitter the olives you make oil from, the better the oil will be. Itg is most\nprofitable for the owner if oil is made from ripe olives. If there are frosts\nwhen you are harvesting olives, make oil two or three days after: add salt to\nthese olives, if you wish.\" ---Cato: An Farming, a modern translation with\ncommentary by Andrew Dalby [Prospect Books:Devon] 1998 (p. 147)\n\nSymbolism & mythology \"Olives and Olive Oil. Wild olive trees are indigenous\nto the eastern Mediterranean where thy line the low coastal areas of Greece\nand the surrounding islands. They're evergreen trees, and they've been\ncultivated int he Mediterranean and the Middle East since Neolithic times.\nOlives occupy a prominent place in mythology and custom, and the olive tree's\nbranches and oil were used in much of the ancient world to bestow kingship,\nconsecrate holy objects, and onont people of honor and bodies of the dead. The\nolive figures promenintly in the myths and customs of Greece, in particular,\nwhere it served as a symbol of peace and of constancy; an emblem of\nachievement; and a sacred, immortal, and divine fruit...The Greeks anointed\nthe winners of the Olympian Games with olive oil to honor Athena, the goddess\nof the olive tree. Anointment with olive oil was a sign of respect in many\nlands in ancient times, and olive oil reputedly relieved tension and\nfatigue...Because the olive had to suffer (to be pressed) in order to produce\nriches (oil), the Greeks made it a symbol of victory over adversity. They also\nmade it a symbol of regeneration and included it in immortality myths. Olive\ntrees appeared to be immortal. They were known to live for centuries...\"\n---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra\nAndrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara] 2001 (p. 161,163)\n\nOlive oil in the New World \"The only oil regularly available to colonial\nAmericans was olive oil. (Fats that remain liquid at room temperature are\ngenerally referred to as oils.) Only in the most elite enclaves within the\nSpanish colonies was this expensive import used for cooking. In the English\nand French settlements, olive oil was reserved almost exclusively for salad\ndressing.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America, Andrew F.\nSmith editor [Oxford Univeristy Press:New York] 2004, Volume 1 (p. 459)\n\n\"Within fourteenth-century Spain, olive oil was exported from south to\nnorth...following the conquest of the New World, American demand continued to\nstimulate Spain's olive oil industry. As the colonists began to make their own\noil, however, the flow of Spanish olive oil across the Atlantic diminished. In\nNorth America, Thomas Jefferson tried to grow olives at Monticello, but the\ncuttings he used would not take root...At about the same time as this failed\nexperiment in the east of the continent, olive cultivation was successfully\nlaunched in California by Spanish missionaries, and by the beginning of the\ntwentieth century, the western state had joined Provence in France and the\nLucca district in Italy...as a produced of some of the world's best olive\noils.\" (p. 378) (Volume One p. 378)...\"During the second quarter of the\nnineteenth century, the United States expanded, by conquest and by land\npurchase, into this large area [American Southwest] with its predominently\nHispanic population. The region's culinary heritage was rooted in part in the\nchilli-laced tamles and tortillas of the Aztecs and their predecessors and in\npart in the culture of Iberia. Shipments of olive oil, hams, wine, and even\nsaffron arrived regularly from Spain.\" (Colume Two p. 1312) ---Cambridge World\nHistory of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge\nUniversity Press:Cambridge] 2000.\n\n[1911] \"Housewives would find it profitable to employ olive oil more generally\nfor cooking, etc. In the average American household it is used only for salads\nand salad dressing, but it is also excellent for frying--it can be heated to\nhigher temperature than either lard or butter and it has no disagreeable odor\nor flavor. Now is it expensive, in spite of the general impression to that\neffect, for one gallon of oil is equivalent to seven and a half pounds of\nbutter for cooking. After all deep frying, such as fritters, doughnuts or\nFrench fried potatoes, the oil should be carefully strained and placed in a\nclean, tight bottle for further use.\" ---Grocers Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward\n(p. 425)\n\nOlive oil as beauty treatment? In the 1920s we find print evidence of\nmarketing olive oil as a beauty treatment to improve skin tone. It could be\nrubbed on the skin or ingested.\n\n\"Cleopatra's Beauty was preserved and enhanced for years by a liberal use of\nOlive Oil. History tells us she bathed with it--drank it--lived on it--and yet\nthe oil she used could not have been more pure than the oil you buy now known\nas Napoleon Extra Virgin Olive Oil. The beauty doctors of today, almost\nwithout an exception, prescribe Olive Oil and exercise in the open air, as the\nmost efficient essentials of wonderful beauty and health. Women of all ages\nhave used the 'Golden Oil' as a preserver of the beauty of youth. Its use\nbrings the glow of health to dull skins and muddy complexions; it rejuvenates\nand builds up; it gives the happy, cheerful laughter of children to grown\nfolks. It is not necessary that you take a great quantity though no amount can\npossibly hurt you, for it is a natural oil. A tablespoonful every morning,\nhalf-an-hour before breakfast and another half-an-hour after the last meal of\nthe day, will be found very health-giving and a great aid to a good\ncomplexion. Napoleon Extra Virgin Olive Oil is not hard to take--indeed, there\nis none of the usual sticky tang about it, as is found in less pure Olive\nOils. Start today with a 'Napoleon' treatment--you'll enjoy it an marvel at\nits results. Any good grocer or druggist can supply you with a screw-top tin\nof 'Napoleon Extra Virgin' of a size to suit your need...Wrinkles or hollow\nspots can be stopped and in time removed permanently by 'Napoleon Extra Virgin\nOlive Oil.' Simply place a small quantity in an open vessel and massage the\nparts with an upward, outward motion for a few minutes each night before\nretiring. Get our free booklet, 'The Guide to Health.'... A. Magnano Co.\nLimited, Vancouver BC, Genoa Italy.\" ---advertisement, Manitoba Free Press\n[Winnipeg Canada], May 20, 1920 (p. 7) [NOTES: (1) Additional notes about\nMagnano's beauty campaign: Printers Ink, August 5, 1920 (p. 41+) (2) We are\nnot endorsing this treatment. Information is for historic research only.]\n\nOlivenaise We found an advertisement for Olive-Naise in Mrs. Wilson's Cook\nBook, Mrs. Mary A. Wilson [J.B. Lippincott:Philadelphia] 1920. According to\nthis source, Olive-Naise was manufactured by the Schlorer Delicatessen Co.,\nPhiladelphia. According to the records of the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office\nMrs. Schlorer's brand name is now owned by the Venice Maid Company in\nVineland, NJ.\n\nUSPTO RECORD HERE:\n\nWord Mark MRS. SCHLORER'S Goods and Services IC 030. US 046. G & S:\nMayonnaise. FIRST USE: 19110600. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 19110600 Mark Drawing\nCode (1) TYPED DRAWING Serial Number 75495644 Filing Date June 3, 1998 Current\nFiling Basis 1A Original Filing Basis 1A Published for Opposition March 21,\n2000 Registration Number 2356614 Registration Date June 13, 2000 Owner\n(REGISTRANT) VENICE MAID FOODS, INC. CORPORATION NEW JERSEY 270 North Mill\nRoad P.O. Box 1505 Vineland NEW JERSEY 083601505 Assignment Recorded\nASSIGNMENT RECORDED Attorney of Record JORDAN S WEINSTEIN Prior Registrations\n1201339 Type of Mark TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL-2(F) Other Data The name\n\"MRS. SCHLORER\" does not identify a living individual. Live/Dead Indicator\nLIVE\n\nAds placed in historic newspapers suggest Olivenaise (and Pick-O-Naise) was a\nregional product, generally found in Pennsylania, central New York, south New\nJersey and West Virginia.\n\nOnions Like garlic, onions were common foods of the ancient working classes\nvalued for medicinal properties.\n\n\"Onions--Cultivated since prehistoric times, the onion (Allium cepa) is a\nnative of central or western Asia that has become indispensible to cuisines\nthe world over. This plant was used by the ancient Egyptians, Babylonians,\nRomans, and Greeks, who believed it to have curative powers. In addition,\nonions--along with garlic and chickpeas--reportedly made up the bulk of the\nfood rations for the 100,000 or so laborers who built the Great Pyramid of\nCheops around 2900 B.C. The ancients interpreted the layered internal\nstructure of the onion as a symbol of eternity.\" ---Cambridge World History of\nFood, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1825)\n\n\"In Egypt, according to various Roman writers, the onion was regarded as a\ndiety...The onion was indeed of major importance there, and, eaten with bread,\nformed the basis of the Egyptian every-day diet...In details of funerary\nofferings in Old Kingdom chapels bread heads the list, followed by baskets of\nonions...Bread and onions also formed the basic diet of the people of\nMesopotamia. Here again the onion was regarded as a peasant food. Accounts\ndating from the Third Dynasty of Ur (early second millennium BC) state that on\none day each month various persons received a ration of about a 'gallon' of\nbread and some onions. They were usualy eaten raw with bread and were sold in\nstrings...Archaeological surveys have not as yet brought to light any material\nproof of this type of vegetabes in Greece...Theophrastus (c. 372-c. 287 BC)\nwas acquainted with a number of varieties of onion and garlic and bother wsere\nundoubtedly used particularly in sauces and dressings to which the Greeks were\nvery partial with their meat, fish and game.\" ---Food in Antiquity: A Survey\nof the Diet of Early Peoples, Don Brothwell and Patricia Brothwell [Johns\nHopkins Press:Baltimore MC] expanded edition 1998 (p. 108-109)\n\nOnion symbolism & folkore \"The onion was likely one of the first plants\ncultivated. Its layered structure and pungent odor so impressed the ancients\nthat they developed beliefs about the onion that have survived to the present\nday. The offensive odor of the onion led many to fear its power. Its\nappearance and structure, however, fostered a different view: The onion was\nlikened by some to a pearl-gold on the outside and white on the inside; and\nlike a pearl, they thought, it symbolized oneness and unity. Furthermore, the\nonion was spherical in shape, consisting of a series of orbs, one inside the\nother...Because the onion and leek symbolized the universe, the ancient\nEgyptians considered the bulbs sacred...\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An\nEncyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara\nCA] 2000 (p. 164-5)\n\n\"At the time when Columbus discovered America, the Indians were using two\nthousand different foods derived from plants... Another underground plant\nwhich Indians ate avidly was the onion. Some writers have tried to deny them\nthis plant, claiming it was unkown in America until Europeans brought it\nthere; however Bernal Diaz, who accompanied Cortes in Mexico, remarked about\n1520 that wooden objects made by the Indians...smelled strongly of onion and\ngarlic, and he seems to have been an alert observer. It is possible that this\neffect could have been produced by the native American onion-flavored ramps,\nbut it is unnecessary to seek such an explanation. The fact is that native\nonions did grow wild in America...and Indians were fond of them.\" ---Eating in\nAmerica: A History, Waverly Root & Richard de Rochemont [William Morrow:New\nYork] 1976 (p. 17) [NOTE: What are ramps?]\n\n\"Most of America's early settlers brought with them whatever they needed to\nreestablish their gardens on the new continent. And they always brought\nonions. Onions could make people weep, but they made any dish taste better.\nThe bulbs were resistent to decay and could last all winter in the root\ncellar. Onions are very climate and soil sensitive, so European onions had to\nbe adapted selectively to local growing conditions. Kitchen gardens of the\neighteenth century tended to rely on imported onions for seed stock because\nseeds saved from domestically grown onions often deteriorated. After the\nRevolutionary War, growers started adapting varieties to different American\nclimates. Many of the onion varieties in the eighteenth and nineteenth\ncenturies were derived from the imported English globe onion and were suited\nfor the cooler New England and Mid-Atlantic climates. Other varieties,\nsuccessful in southern conditions, were developed from Spanish, Portuguese,\nand Italian stock...Colonists and pioneers also used some of the dozens of\nonion cousins that grew wild in America...American cookbooks were full on\nonions, first showing up in 1796, when Amelia Simmons published the first\nAmerican cookbook. She called for roasting the turkey on a spit and serving it\nup \"with boiled onions and cramberry [sic] sauce, mangoes, pickles and\ncelery.\" ---Food and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford\nUniversity Press:New York] 2004, Volume 2(p. 213-214)\n\nPopular recipes: French onion soup, creamed onions & onion rings.\n\nOnion rings Onion rings descend from Ancient Roman fritters and 16th century\ntempura: breaded foods deep fried in oil. Food historians generally place the\norigin of onion rings, as we know them today, in early 20th century USA. Onion\nrings, like french fries, historic food writers confirm, are American men's\nfavorite vegetables. In this context, pairing them with steak makes perfect\nsense. Frozen onion rings appear soon after World War II.\n\n\"Much to my surprise, Sarah Tyson Rorer offers a recipe for deep-fried onion\nrings in Mrs. Rorer's New Cook Book (1902), but these are not dredged. The\nFrench-fied onion rings added to the 1906 edition of The Boston Cooking School\nCook Book are, however. \"Peel onions,\" Fannie Farmer writes, \"cut in one-\nfourth-inch slices, and separate into fourth-inch slices, and separate into\nrings. Dip in milk, drain, and dip in four. Fry in deep fat, drain on brown\npaper, and sprinkle with salt.\" Still, the crispy, sweet, golden brown onions\ndidn't catch our fancy until some forty-some years later when fast-food stands\nmade them a staple.\" ---American Century Cookbook: The Most Popular Recipes of\nthe 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 241)\n\nEarly recipes & serving notes\n\n> [1906] \"French Fried Onions Peel onions, cut in one-fourth inch slices, and\n> separate into rings. Dip in milk, drain, and dip in flour. Fry in deep fat,\n> drain on brown paper, and sprinkle with salt.\" ---Boston Cooking School Cook\n> Book, Fannie Merritt Farmer, facsimile 1906 edition [Cornell University\n> Digital:Ithaca NY] (p. 296)\n>\n> [1933] \"French Fried Onions Use Spanish or large Bermuda onions, peel them,\n> and cut into slices a little less than a quarter of an inch thick. Separate\n> the slices into rings, soak them in milk for a few minutes, drain and then\n> roll in flour. Fry in deep fat which has been heated to 360 degrees F., hot\n> enough to brown a cube of bread in one minute. When the onions are golden\n> brown, remove them from the fat and drain on soft paper. Sprinkle with\n> salt.\" ---a la Rector, George Rector [Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea\n> Company:New York] 1933 (p. 72) [NOTE: George Rector was a popular New York\n> City restauranteur some say on par with Delmonicos.]\n>\n> \"This is news, Schrafft's sizzling steak combination. On the popular new hot\n> platter, Schrafft's 141 West 42nd Street now serves you a large, thick juicy\n> steak that fairly fizzes and sizzles, it is so hot...With it you get\n> generous helpings of French fried potatoes, onion rings or a fresh\n> vegetable, a green salad, and a pot of Schrafft's coffee, all for $1.50. A\n> Man's Meal, 5 p.m. to 8:30 p.m.. Served only at Schrafft's.\" ---display ad,\n> New York Times, October 19, 1933 (p. 10)\n>\n> [1934] \"French Fried Onions [To serve 4] 2 large Spanish onions 1/2 pint\n> milk 1/2 cup flour, or little more 1/3 teaspoon salt Peel onions and sift\n> four and salt into a bowl. Cut onions into slics about 1/4 inch thick.\n> Separate the rings and soak in milk; then ift and drop into flour and salt.\n> When floured, drop into deep fat, heated to temperature of 380 degrees F. If\n> you do not have a thermometor, test heat of fat with a cube of bread. When\n> it browns in 60 seconds, the fat is the right temperature. When the onions\n> are cooked to a golden brown, remove and drain on unglazed paper to absorb\n> fat; then serve. This is a delicious way of frying onions.\" ---The Mystery\n> Chef's Own Cook Book, John McPherson [Blakiston Company:Philadelphia] 1934\n> (p. 115)\n>\n> [1936] \"French Fried Onions Break an egg into a bowl and add one cup of\n> milk. Sift one cup flour and onte-fourth teaspoon salt over egg and milk\n> mixture. Beat with rotary beater until batter is free from lumps. Let stand\n> while preparing onions. Peel six medium sized onions, slice thin and\n> separpate into rings. Dip single rings into batter with fork and fry in hot\n> fat (385 deg, F.) until golden brown. Drain, sprinkle with salt and keep hot\n> until serving time.\" ---\"Eight Recipes Give Uses of Noble Onion,\" Lona\n> Alison, Los Angeles Times, November 4, 1936 (p. A7)\n>\n> [1940] \"Menu planning would be greatly simplified if women adopted the\n> masculine proclivity for selecting French fries whenever in doubt about a\n> suitable vegetable. Listen in on the male orders at any restaurant if you\n> haven't noticed this propensity of the sterner sex. On every hand--in basso\n> profundo, baritone or tenor--it will be for one or another of the deep-fat\n> fried vegetables. French-fried vegetables require the same equipment and\n> follow the identical rules of this type of cooking in\n> general...Characteristic of the type of food that men prefer is the\n> attractive picture featuring French-fried onion rings, baked russet\n> potatoes, and last, but by no means least, a lordly steak, broiled to a\n> turn... French Fried Onions 2 large onions, cut in 1/4-inch slices 1\n> teapsoon salt 1 quart milk 1/3 cup flour Deep hot vegetable shortening\n> Separate onion slices into rings (there shoud be about one quart.) Soak in\n> salted milk 15 to 20 minutes. Drain slices. Dip in flour. Fry, small amounts\n> at a time, in vegetable shortening, gradually heated in deep pan to 380 deg.\n> F. (when inch cube of bread browns in 50 seconds.) When brown, drain on\n> absorbent paper, sprinke with salt and serve immediately. (Remaining milk\n> may be used in soups or sauces.)\" ---\"French Fries Appeal to Male\n> Contingent,\" Marian Manners Los Angeles Times, January 21, 1940 (p. D9)\n\nFrozen onion rings \"We can think of few things we'd rather less rather do\nthese lovely late-summer days than stand over the proverbial hot stove and\nFrench-fry onions, and we'd say that even if we had the shortening to do it.\nHappily, there's no need, for the Tru-Taste Food Company in Long Island City\nis doing the work for us, slicing the vegetables, frying it crisp, then quick-\nfreezing it. We found quick-frozen onion rings at the Ultima Frozen Food\nstore, 967 Lexington Avenue, and understand they're carried at other Ultima\nshops, as well as the Frozen Food Fair, 35 West Eighth Street. Five ounces,\nequivalent to one and a fourth pounds of raw onions, cost in the vicinity of\n35 cents and are ready for the table after fifteen minutes in an open pan in a\nmoderate oven. Perhaps the end results are not quite so good as those a fine\nFrench chef might achieve, but they're acceptable, nevertheless.\" ---\"New of\nFood,\" Jan Nickerson, New York Times, August 29, 1946 (p. 23)\n\nRelated food? French fries.\n\nOranges Oranges: sweet, bitter, sour...large, small, medium...Old World\nnatives & New World varieties. A common citrus thread in cuisines worldwide.\nWhat makes oranges special? Versatility! Flavor, color, texture & application.\n\n * Origins & diversity\n * bergamot oranges\n * blood oranges\n * mandarin oranges\n * Christmas oranges\n * Orange flower water\n * duck a l'orange\n * orange juice\n\n\"One way to categorize this fruit of the genus Citrus is to distinguish bitter\noranges...from sweet oranges...The bitter orange (also known as Sevilla, sour\norange...) is a native of Southeast Asia and was cultivated in the Indus\nValley some 6,000 years ago. The sweet orange...may also have originated in\nSoutheast Asia, although many believe it to be a native of southern China, as\nis evidenced by its scientific name. Both fruits were slow to find their way\nto the Mediterranean basin; the bitter orange eventually arrived with the\nArabs around A.D. 1000, but the Western advent of the sweet orange came more\nthan 400 years later, perhaps with the help of Genoese traders or Portuguese\nexplorers. Sweet-orange trees were planted at Versailles in 1421, and later\n(1521) in Lisbon. Meanwhile, in 1493, the second voyage of Christopher\nColumubus is said to have carried sweet-orange seeds...to Hispaniola, and\nSpaniards stationed in Florida were reportedly growing oranges there in 1565,\nthe year St. Augustine was founded. A couple of centuries later, the\nFranciscans began planting orange groves at their mission of San Diego in\nCalifornia.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild\nConee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p.\n1826)\n\n\"The orange is one of the most important fuits of the world and one of the\noldest cultivated. Originating in the Orient, the fruit was cultivated in\nChina as early as 2400 B.C. These were \"bitter oranges\"...later brought to\nSpain, where they became known as the \"Seville orange.\" The \"sweet\norange\"...also originated in China and was also brought to Spain, possibly by\nthe Moors in the eighth century. Christopher Columbus brought Canary Islands\norange seeds to Hispaniola in 1493, and plantings by the Spanish and\nPortuguese soon followed throughout the Caribbean, Mexico, and South America.\nSome believe Ponce de Leon brought orange seeds to Florida, but the first\nrecorded evidence of the fruit on North American soil credits Hernando de Soto\nwith bringing the orange in 1539 to St. Augustine, Florida, where the trees\nflourished until Sir Francis Drake sacked the city in 1586 and destroyed them.\nThese grew back quickly, but commercial plantings were of only minor\nimportance for more than two centuries...In Florida only one significant\norange grower was to be found in the eighteenth century. His name was Jesse\nFish...It was not until the United States acquired Florida in 1821 that orange\ngrowing became a profitable business for Americans...By the 1880s orange\nproduction was growing rapidly, owing to the development of refrigerated ships\nthat could carry the fruit from California and to the building of railroads\ninto the heart of Florida. Also, a new orange, the \"navel\"...entered\nCalifornia in 1873 from Bahia, Brazil...By the 1890s, the navel orange had\nbecome commercially important...By the 1920s nutritionists were promoting the\nbenefits of orange juice...and the drink became as ubiquitious as coffee on\nAmerican breakfast tables.\" ---The Encyclopedia of American Food & Drink, John\nF. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 223-4)\n\n\"Citrus cultivation in the area that would become the United States dates from\nthe Spanish exploration and settlement of Florida in the sixteenth century; it\nreached Louisiana around 1700 and California with the arrival of Franciscan\nfriars in 1769. Since most citrus cannot tolerate temperatures more than a few\ndegrees below freezing, open-air cultivation has generally been limited to\nwarmer areas, but until the second half of the nineteenth century it was not\nuncommon for the wealthy to grow oranges and lemons in greenhouses. With the\nadvent of steam transportation in the mid-nineteenth century, citrus was\nimported from Mexico, the West Indies, and Italy. Large-scale commercial\ncultivation began in Florida and California in the 1870s and 1880s, when the\nextension of railroads allowed fresh fruit to be shipped to major eastern and\nmidwestern markets. Railroads and land promoters helped fashion a romantic\nimage of citrus in the popular imagination, symbolizing sunshine, health, and\nelegance, to lure settlers to Florida and California. To sell their corps\nprofitably, growers formed marketing cooperatives, such as Sunkist, founded as\nthe Southern California Fruit Exchange in 1893.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of\nFood and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New\nYork] 2004, Volume 1 (p. 254)\n\nSymbolism & mythology \"Oranges are native to Southeastern Asia. The ancient\nEgyptians knew nothing of this fruit, and the Greeks made no mention of them\neither; but the Chinese cultivated them in antiquity, and the Japanese\nidentified them as the fruit of life. In Japanese myth, the emperor sent a\nhero named Tajima-mori to the Eternal Land, possibly southern China, to bring\nback the magical fruit, so that the emperor might gain immortality. But\nTajima-mori returned too late. The emperor had already died, and the magic of\noranges could no longer help him. Though the Chinese identified the fruit of\nlife as the peach, they considered oragnes magical also, believing that the\nfruit brought good luck and joy and warded off evil spirits. Oranges possibly\ngained respect in myth and legend because of their color. Ancient peoples seem\nto have believed that orange or red fruits had magical properties, connecting\nthem with blood and life force. The golden color of oranges also led some\nmythmakers to link them with the sun. In Flemish legend, a young prince once\nwent in search of a bride hidden within a magic orange in a land of sunshine\nand orange groves...\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World\nMythology, Tamra Andrews [Firefly Books:Ontario] 2000 (p. 166)\n\nWhy give oranges at Christmas? Food historians trace the practice of\nproferring fresh fruit gifts for major celebrations to ancient times. These\nexquisite, perishable objects were expensive and reflected the giver's wealth\nand status. Indeed, before the age of speedy transportation and reliable\nrefrigeration, fresh citrus fruit was out of reach of the average person. As\ntime progressed, fresh fruit out of season (including oranges in Northern\nEurope and/or North America) was possible, but still rare. This made these\nitems perfect Christmas gifts. Today, when oranges are inexpensive and readily\navailable throughout the year, this little history tidbit is overlooked. A\nchild today who encounters an orange at the toe of his Christmas stocking is\nunlikely to appreciate the message unless someone takes the time to share the\nhistory.\n\n\"Strange and exotic fruits had begun to reach Britain...through trade with\nsouthern Europe where oranges, lemons and pomegranates were cultivated. The\noriginal home of the citrus fruits lay in northern India. They had been known\nto the Romans under the name of \"Median apples', having apparantly arrived\nfrom Persia; and their juice had been used as a medicine, and occasionally\nalso to sharpen the tang of vinegar...The first Englishmen to enjoy oranges,\nlemons and 'Adams apples'... were probably crusaders who wintered with Richard\nCoure-de-Lion in the fruit groves around Jaffa in 1191-2. About a hundred\nyears later citrus fruits had begun to arrive in England itself...Also on the\nspice ships from southern Europe came great raisins, 'raisins of Corinth' or\ncurrants...prunes, figs and dates. All were consumed in vast quantities by the\nwell-to-do, for the sweetness of dried fruits was greately appreciated while\nsugar was still rare and expensive. Poorer people ate them principally in\nfestive pottages and pies during the twelve days of Christmas, but the rich\nenjoyed them at other times , too.\" ---Food and Drink in Britain: From the\nStone Age to the 19th Century, C. Anne Wilson [Academy Chicago:Chicago IL]\n1991 (p. 332-4)\n\n\"In the nineteenth century poor children dreamed all the year round of getting\nthe precious, scented present of an orange for Christmas. Most of them did not\nknow what an orange tasted like, or even if they would dare eat that golden,\nalmost magical fruit.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat,\ntranslated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992 (p. 659)\n\nAbout Sunkist oranges.\n\nRecommended reading:\n\n * Citrus: A History/Laszlo\n * Fruits in Warm Climates/Morton\n * Oxford Companion to Food/Davidson\n * History of Food/Toussaint-Samat\n * Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry/Simoons\n\nBlood oranges Despite popular belief, these sumptuous sweet citrus fruits are\nnot new. Nor were they first imported to the USA by Frieda Caplan. They have\nhowever, enjoyed the benefit of recent promotion and chef creativity.\nBotantists confirm sweet oranges originated in China and India. Specific\nvariety migrations are complicated to track because they rely primarily on\nliterature, folklore and personal accounts. Linguistics, translation and\ninterpretation play key roles. The locus of origin centers on Sicily and/or\nMalta. Citrus experts tell us the blood red color was a logical mutation\ncaused by climate. They do not offer a date of \"discovery.\" Print evidence\nconfirms sweet oranges were growing in this region by the 17th century. Recent\nreferences to 4th century Chinese origin are based on English translations of\nancient Chinese literature. It is not possible to say for sure whether the red\nfruits of these poems were actually blood oranges.\n\nOld world \"Blood oranges are grown mostly in Mediterranean countries,\nespecially Italy. The original mutation which produced the colour probably\narose in the 17th century in Sicily. The earliest blood oranges were small and\nseedy but the better varieties which followed, notably Sanguinello, attracted\ninternational esteem. The best modern varieties include the round early-\nseason Moro and the mid-season Tarocco (named for its resemblance to a child's\ntoy top renown for its delicate flesh and well-balanced flavour). Sicily,\nespecially the area around Catania, remains the best place for these\noranges...Connoisseurs of citrus fruits consider these oranges to be among the\nworld's finest dessert oranges.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson\n[Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2006, 2nd edition (p. 559-560) [NOTE: there\nare several conflicting opinions regarding the introduction of sweet oranges\nto southern Europe. Period ranges from 15-17 century.]\n\n\"Blood orange...A very large variety of sweet orange, the blood orange (Citrus\nsinesis) has juice that is usually of a burgundy hue, which along with the red\ncolor of its flesh, accounts for the name. Blood oranges (also called\npigmented oranges) are a favorite in Europe...but have not really caught on in\nthe United States, although the 'Ruby Blood' and 'Moro' varieties are grown in\nCalifornia and Florida. Blood oranges come mostly from Spain and Italy;\nimportant European varieties include the Spanish Sanguinella and the 'Maltese\nBlood.' The English call these fruits 'Maltese oranges,' the French 'Maltaise\noranges'.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild\nConee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000(p. 1734)\n\n\"[in] Sicily, one encounters another orange variety. This is a sweet, not a\nbitter, fruit, It is attractive not only to the mouth and the nose, but also\nto the eye, and to the inward eye of imagination and fantasy: its juice is\nblood red...Whereas an island such as Sicily can become a melting pot of\ncultures, its territory is naturally isolated...Insularity may account...for\nthe appearance of blood oranges in Sicily as an accidental variety...When did\nthey first appear? It would seem to be several centuries ago, but exactly when\nremains in doubt. The product of this mutation has turned into a significant\neconomic resource. Blood oranges account for about 60 percent of Italian\ncitrus production and fetch a good price on European markets. Consumers\nconsider them a delicacy....Like the setting sun, the fruit is reddish orange.\nIts outer color is an excellent predictor of its inner hues. These oranges are\nsmall or medium in size, and they carry seeds and a blood-colored juice that\nusually tastes a little more tart than that of ordinary oranges...Blood\noranges owe their color to dye molecules, often improperly referred to as\npigments. A pigment is an insoluble solid, in contrast to a dye, which is\nsoluble and colors the liquid dissolving it. These blood-colored molecules\nbelong to the same chemical families that are responsible for the color\nof...cherries, strawberries, and raspberries...As the fruit matures, the\namount of dye increases about fivefold...Citrus fruit in a tropical or\nsubtropical climate devoid of sharp winter-summer alternation tends to remain\nlime green....Citrus fruit growing in a temperate climate with sharply defined\nseasons first turns orange and tends to redden upon further maturation. This\ngenetic trait has accidentally become selected in the blood oranges of Sicily.\nOn the terraced orchards on the slopes of Mt. Etna in eastern Sicily where\nblood oranges are grown, cold winter nights alternating with mild days are the\ncue for the fruit to blush. Besides carotenoids, brightly colored\nanthocyanins, some red, some purple, and some violet, give there fruits their\nberrylike taste and color.\" ---Citrus: A History, Pierre Laszlo [University of\nChicago Press:Chicago] 2007 (p. 21-22)\n\nNew world [1878] \"Maltese blood orange...\" ---\"What a California Garden\nGrows,\" New York Times, March 17, 1878 (p. 10)\n\n[1883] \"...the blood orange of Malta has a crimson pulp.\" ---Grocer's\nCompanion and Merchant's Hand-Book [New England Grocer Office:Boston] 1883 (p.\n99)\n\n\"It has been reported that 'blood' oranges have been manufactured by\nunscrupulous dealers out of ordinary fruit by introducing an aniline dye\nwithin the pulp of the orange. Do you thin this can be true? No, I do not...A\npuncture could not be made in the rind of an orange without injuring it. The\nfruit would begin to decay at once at the point where the incision had been\nmade. This would prevent the dealer from realizing a profit of the oranges\nunless disposed of immediately.' ---\"Some Facts About Lemons,\" Los Angeles\nTimes, July 18, 1883 (p. 2)\n\n[1887] \"...blood oranges, $4-$6/box\" ---Los Angeles Times, May 23, 1887 (p. 4)\n\n[1889] \"The blood orange is a mere variety of the sweet orange obtained by\ncultivation, and appears first to have been raised by the Spanish gardeners in\nthe Philippine Islands, from the capital of which (Manila) it, together with\nthe well-known cigars formed at one time one of the chief articles of export.\nOn its first appearance in Europe it excited a considerable sensation; and in\nthe last century very high prices were demanded for the trees which bore the\nwonderful fruit. None, however, now come to us from Manila, our supply being\nderived almost entirely from Malta, where great pains and attention are\nbestowed upon their cultivation. It was for a long time supposed and indeed\nthe idea is not yet quite extinct, that blood oranges were produced by the\ngrafting of the orange with the pomegranate; but there is not the slightest\nfoundation for this belief.--Chambers Journal.\" ---\"Blood Oranges,\" New York\nTimes, March 10, 1889 (p. 12)\n\n[1911] \"The ordinary sweet orange imported from Europe is the variety known as\nthe Lisbon or Portugal and its near relatives. The most noteworthy special\ntypes include...the Maltese or 'Blood Orange' with mottled pulp.\" ---Grocers'\nEncyclopedia, Artemas Ward [1911] (p 429)\n\nAmerican blood orange recipes If you are looking for a specific recipe from a\nparticular place/period or culinary application (marmalade?) let us know.\nHappy to track it down. A smashing table of trendy recipes are readily\navailable on the Internet (google: blood orange recipes) and popular/culinary\nmagazines/newspapers (your librarian can help you access\nEBSCO/ProQuest/NewsBank & other article databases. If you are looking to cull\na comprehensive list of blood orange recipes you will need to explore synonyms\nthrough time. Below please find a \"short list\" of selected recipe sources:\n\n[1896-1905] Search Michigan State University's Feeding America digitized\ncookbooks (ingredient=blood orange or red orange) returns five recipes,\n1896-1905: Blood Orange Salad, Bomb Glace, Orange Sauce, Orange Marmalade,\nPomegranate Ice, Orange Sherbet.\n\n[1979] Bon Appetit's \"Blood oranges of the Mediterranean,\" Darra Goldstein,\nApril 1979 (p. 73)\n\n[1988] Gourmet magazine's \"Blood oranges,\" 7 page feature with recipes,\nFebruary 1988 (p. 80+). We can supply if you need.\n\nMandarin oranges \"In China...there is clear evidence that oranges have been\ncultivated since antiquity...In T'ang times, the fruiting of mandarin trees in\nthe imperial gardens, apparently indoors, led to \"formal congratulations to\nthe monarch on his divine charisma\"...It is understandable that the Chinese\nhave given the world the earliest surviving monography on the orange...In this\ntwelfth-century work, one reads not only of sour, sweet, and mandarin oranges,\nbut of the related kumquat and trifoliate orange...In South Chinese folk\nreligion, orange and red-colored fruits, including mandarins and other\noranges, are common ritual offerings, and one also reads of small mandarin\ntrees in homes at the time of Chinese New Year...This is because their colors\nare religious and magical, life-sustaining, capable of warding off evil\nspirits and assuring good luck...Mandarin trees are adaptable to a wider range\nof climatic conditions than other types of cultivated citrus. They are better\nable to stand heat than most other types. They also tend to be more cold\nresistant than other citrus trees of commercial importance, though the furit,\nmainly because it is small and thin-skinned, is more readily damaged by cold\nthan are other oranges...As a result, mandarins are gown in all of China's\ncitrus-producting regions: South China, West China, Wouthwest China,...Central\nChina, and Northwest China. Though the mandarins are the largest and most\nvaried group of cultivated citrus, their fruit possess the common\ncharacteristics of small to medium size; shape like a flattened globe; a\nloose, readily removed skin, yellow or reddish orange in color; and fruit\nsegments that are separated with out difficulty. The mandarin is suffiently\ndifferent from other oranges as to lead Swingle...to place it in a separate\nspecies, Citrus reticulata, distinct from that of the sweet orange, C.\nsicnesis, and the sour orange, C. aurantium. Plant scientists, geographers,\nand archeologists have suggested South China, Southeast Asia, or eastern India\nas the place of the earliest domestication of the mandarin oranges.\nHodgeson...argues for northeast India as their probable home. In that area,\nthere occurs a primitive, related form sometimes called the \"Indian wild\nmandarin\"...also found there are highly developed forms of mandarins that are\nabsent elsewhere, as well as many mandarin hybrids. The mandarin was\ncultivated in very early times in Southeast Asia and East Asia, with both of\nthose regions important in developing mandarin forms. In the early fourth\ncentury A.D., Chi Han had already distinguished red and yellow forms of\nmandarins...in the south, and of them the famous variety known in present-day\nCanton and the West as Ponkan or \"Chinese honey orange.\"...Accounts form T'ang\ntimes mention highly-prized varieties of common mandarisn and King mandarins,\nthe latter...believed to be a natural hybrid, perhaps betweeen mandarin and\nsweet orange...Mandarins seem to have been grown enve in the gardens of the\nimperial palace far to the north of Shensei, apparently in some sort of\ngreenhouse...a situation reminiscent fo the orangeries or orange-houses of\nancient Rome and later Europe...Many mandarin varieties are grown in South\nChina today, of which two deserve special note. one is the afore-mentioned\nPonkan, which produces large fruit with loose skin and pleasant-tasting, juicy\nflesh, and which can be picked in October. It is said to be the finest\nmandarin produced in China, in East Asia, and perhaps in the entire world. The\nCheokan, known better as Tankan, is an ancient form which originated in\nsoutheastern China.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural and Historial Inquiry,\nFrederic J. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1991 (p. 195-7)\n\n\"Mandarin Orange...Other citrus fruits that are very similar (or identical) to\nthe Mandarin orange include the tangerine, the satsuma, and the \"Clemintine,\"\nall of which are identifies as members of Citrus reticulata and orange\nvarieties. The Mandarin--developed in China, or possibly Cochin China\n(southern Vietnam)--probably took its name from the yellow robes of the\nChinese civil servants called Mandarins. It worked its way toward the Near\nEast at a leisurely pace and reached Europe directly from China only at the\nbeginning of the nineteenth century. By midcentury, Mandarin oranges were\nbeing grown around the Mediterranean, and they entered the United States aat\nabout the same time. Believed to have originated in Tangier, they came to be\nknown as tangerines in North America.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food,\nKenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge Univeristy\nPress:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p. 1808)\n\n\"The mandarin is a small loose-skinned somewhat flattened variety of\norange...that originated in China. The first reference to it in English comes\nin 1771, in J.R. Foster's translation of Osbeck's Voyage to China: 'Here are\ntwo sorts of China oranges...The first is called the Mandarin-o, whose peel is\nquite loose'. English acquired the word, via French, from Spanish mandarina,\nwhere its application to the fruit probably arose from the resemblance of its\ncolour to that of the yellowish-orange robes of Chinese imperial officials--\nmandarins (this term is not Chinese in origin, incidentally; it first arrived\nin Europe as a Portuguese borrowing from Malay mantri, 'counsellor', which was\nitself a Hindi loanword that orignated in Sanskrit mantrin).\" ---An A to Z of\nFood and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford Univeristy Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 198-9)\n\n\"Mandarin was originally no more than a nickname given to a small, loose-\nskinned orange-like fruit. Citrus reticulata, which was brought to England\nfrom China in 1805...The original wild citrus from which mandarins are\ndescended probably grew in NE India, where a wild mandarin, C. indica, is\nstill found. It was taken into cultivation at an early date in S. China, as\nwere other kinds of orange. However, mandarins were more highly esteemed than\ncommon oranges, partly because ancient varieties of the latter were dry, thick\nskinned, hard to peel, and seedy. The mandarin was prized as much for its\nfragrance as for its flavour, perhaps more...Mandarins were not taken to the\nWest along with the other citrus fruits, whcih had all reached Europe by the\n16th century. And when they did come it was through another route. The first\ncultivars (probably of the ponkan type...) were brought to England in 1805,\nand it was apparently the descendants of these which were introduced into\nItaly in the following decade and which had become well established there\nbefore 1850. From Italy, cultivation spread quickly to other Mediterranean\ncountries. Meanwhile, mandarins had been take direct from China to Australia\nin the 1820s. But it was not until the 1840s that the first mandarin was grown\nin the USA, but the Italian consul in New Orleans. Cultivation soon spread to\nFlorida, California, and other states, and the new fruits were at\nfirst...called 'Chinas'. Later, when different, darker varieties were brought\nin from N. Africa they were called 'tangerines', a name which became general.\"\n---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson, second edition edited by Tom Jaine\n[Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2006 (p. 477)\n\nRelated fruits? Lemons, grapefruits & blood oranges.\n\nParsley Parsley is one of the most well known herbs from ancient times to\npresent day. This Old World edible was prized early on for its subtle flavors\nand appealing look. Of the several varieties cultivated by humankind, curly-\nleaved and flat Italian are the most well known. Arguments extolling the\nvirtues of flat vs. curly vary according to place and period. All varieties\nare recognized for their healthful properties. Ancient Greeks honored their\nOlympic athletes with crowns of parsley. Contemporary American cooks are\nrediscovering parsley in all formats.\n\n\"Parsley in an umbelliferous plant native to the E. Mediterranean area\n(Linnaeus believed that its origin was in Sardinia) and related to celery,\nwith which it has occasionally formed hybrids. The ancient Greeks used the\nname selinon for both parsley and celery, and only occasionally bothered to\ndistinguish parsley as petroselinon, meaning 'rock' celery or parsley. Later\nthe Romans used the word apium in a similarly ambiguous way. Thus it is\ndifficult to tell which is meant. However, the Greek writer Theophrastus,\nwriting before 300BC, describes curly-leafed and flat-leafed varieties of\nparsley similar to the two main modern types. According to Pliny the Elder\n(1st century AD), the Romans held parsley fronds in particular esteem among\nseasonings...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davdison [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 1999 (p. 576)\n\n\"The aromatic leaves of parsley (Petroselinum crispum), a native of southern\nEurope, are employed for flavoring, although parsley varieties are boiled and\ntheir roots consumed as a vegetable. The use of parsley dates from at least\nthe time of the ancient Greeks, and because the plant has been introduced to\nmost areas of the glove, it is one of the world's best-known herbs. According\nto the Sardinians, it is native to their island, although other regions also\nclaim parsley as their own; regardless, it has been used in the Mediterranean\nregion for thousands of years. The Greeks, who made crowns of it to honor\nathletes at ceremonies and themselves at banquets, also had medical uses for\nthe herb. The Romans utilized parsley as a herb an introduced the plant\nthroughout Europe.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple &\nKriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume\nTwo (p. 1829)\n\n\"As one of the quadrumvirate of traditional English herbs (along with mint,\nsage, and thyme), parsley or its linguistic ancestor has been in the language\nsince Anglo-Saxon times, although the plant itself was not introduced it in\nBritain (from southern Europe) until the late Middle Ages. The earliest record\nof the word, petersilie...from around 1000AD, clearly reveals its ultimate\nsource: it goes back, via Latin petroselinum, to Greek petroselinon, literally\n'rock-parsley'...In Roman times the parsley was a symbol of mourning, used to\nadorn funeral tables.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 241)\n\nMedicinal qualities: Gerards Herbal [1633] & A Modern Herbal [1931]\n\nFast forward: 20th century USA Our survey of articles published in major USA\nnewspapers confirms both curly-leaved and flat Italian varieties were both\nknown and used in the 20th century. The curly-leaf variety, prized for its\ndecorative applications, reigned supreme until the last quarter of the\ncentury. It was not until after WWII that the flat variety was known outside\nethnic neighborhoods. This parallels the evolution of many popular\ncontemporary Italian foods. Think: pizza. Curly parsley \"lost favor\" in the\n1970s. The reason was two-fold (1) Curly parsley garnish was\noverdone/ubiquitous in the 1960s. (2) Culinary visionaries James Beard and\nCraig Claiborne extolled the virtues of flat-leafed parsley as more flavorful.\n\n[1911] \"Parsley: a favorite kitchen herb, popular for garnishing and\nflavoring, for the latter purpose being sold both fresh and dried. Common\nParsley is said to be a native of Egypt but it is now thoroughly naturalized\nboth here and in several European countries. The variety chiefly grown is the\ncurly leaf type. The finest received in the Eastern markets comes from\nBermuda. In addition to its flavoring qualities, parsley contains an essential\noil which is mildly stimulating.\" ---Grocers Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward\n[National Grocer:New York] 1911 (p. 451)\n\n[1943] \"The crisp emerald [parsley] leaves, so often pushed aside as a\ngarnish, are one of the richest sources of vitamin A. The celery-leaved\nparsley [Italian flat] has a stronger flavor than the curly variety and the\nroots can be eaten as a vegetable.\" ---\"Not Forgetting Herbs: In a Wartime\nGarden They Deserve Place Along With the Vegetables and Flowers,\" Gertrude B.\nFoster, New York Times, January 31, 1943 (p. X15)\n\n[1948] \"Parsley may be purchased in the neighborhood, though it is easily\nraised from seed...The moss-curled varieties are most favored for their\ndecorative leaves, but the Italian parsley is more flavorful.\" ---\"Along the\nHerb Row,\" Harriet K. Morse, New York Times, May 30, 1948 (p. X23)\n\n[1952] \"Parsley presents so many culinary possibilities it should not be put\naside to appear only as a garnish for meat or fish...the parsley the Italians\nuse differs in appearance form the curly leaved variety popular here. It has a\nflatter leaf, a dark color and a flavor that is somewhat sharper...Both the\nItalian and Hamburg varieties are available here, though they are used mainly\nby those of European backgound.\" ---\"News of Food: May Opens Season of Parsley\nAbundance--Herb Has Many Uses Besides as Garnish,\" June Owen, New York Times,\nMay 13, 1952 (p. 26)\n\n[1961] \"Seldom on display, fresh green parsley can be bought at most\ngreengroceries at any time of the year. In cold weather, when it is not\navailable from near-by sources, it is shipped north from Texas in qualtities\nto meet all the demand. But when it does come from farms in New Jersey and on\nLong Island, as it will from now through the summer, parsley is at its best.\nThe flavor is sharper, the leaves are crisper, and logically so because it has\na much shorter trip to market...The more common parsley, at least in most\nstores, is the curly leaved variety. But in neighborhoods where many Americans\nof Italian or other European background live, the shops will be sure to have a\nvariety of parsley that has a flatter leaf and a darker green color. That\nparsley, Italians insist--and others who have tasted it will agree--has a\nsharper flavor than the curly leafed. The two varieties can be used\ninterchangeably whenever parsley is called for in a recipe. For garnishing\nmeats or fish, the curly and prettier parsley is preferred.\" ---\"Food News:\nLocal Parsley Here Through Summer,\" June Owen, New York Times, May 5, 1961 (p.\n34)\n\n[1966] \"Parsley is not only a sprightly garnish on a steak platter or mild\nseasoning, but a food in its own right. Parsley, a native of the Mediterranean\nshores, has been used as a culinary herb and garnish for thousands of years.\nSoothing and appetite arousing powers have been attributed to the plant by\nancient Greeks, who placed garlands of parsley on the heads of banquet guests.\nToday, parsley grows both in the United States and several European countries.\nIt is exceptionally high in vitamins A and C. Although the curly leaf variety\nis popular, the flat leaf type, sometimes called Italian parsley, also is used\nhere.\" ---\"Parsley More Than Sprightly Garnish,\" Los Angeles Times, September\n29, 1966 (p. G17)\n\n[1969] \"Parsley is being used more and more as a garnish, seasoning and a\nvegetable. Though a biennial, parsley is generally treated as an annual here\nin the Northeast, where it may or may not survive the winter. ..The curly-\nleaved parsleys are most popular. They include Moss Curled, another named\nvariety Paramount, and a compact dwarf parsley. Evergreen is a rather hardy\ncurled variety. Plain parsley (leaves are deeply cut but not curled), though\nnot so pretty, has a strong, rich flavor. Giant Italian parsley, 2-3 feet\ntall, has thick stalks to be eaten like celery. The roots of hamburg parsley\ncan be stored inside in sand and used through winter to flavor soups, or can\nthemselves be cooked like parsnips. This year for the first time I shall try\nthe Japanese perennial; parsley, Misuba...Biennial parsleys--most parsleys--\nshould be sown each year; even if they live over, the foliage tastes better\nthe first year.\" ---\"Fancy Parsley is Easy to Grow,\" Ruth Tirrell, New York\nTimes, February 16, 1969 (p. D35)\n\n[1976] \"It is rather amusing to think that parsley, probably the most used of\nall herbs, was once considered Satan's herb. There was an old saying in\nEngland that only the wicked could grow parsley. Well, the world must be full\nof wicked people because it is grown and marketed in staggering quantities.\nParsley, either the curly kind which has become the perpetual garnish for food\nor the broad-leaf Italian kind which has a much more delicate flavor, is one\nof the easiest of all herbs to grow in the garden...Just because parsley is so\ncommon, people tend to overdo it as a garnish. For instance, who could\nconceive of parsley as a fitting garnish for grapefruit?...Even top rated\nrestaurants and hotels perpetrate some absolute horrors, such as a slice of\norange and a sprig of parsley on a plate of sausages and pancakes.\"\n---\"Parsley: The Universal Garnish,\" James Beard, Los Angeles Times, May 13,\n1976 (p. J25)\n\n[1978] \"Although parsley is omnipresent in kitchens, particularly those of the\nWestern world, it is generally regarded as nothing more than a basic flavor,\nsomething to be added reflexively to one savory dish or another--a kind of\nculinary grace note. Actually, there are numerous dishes in the world in which\nparsley, in one form or another, is used in dominant--or near dominant--\nfashion. Chief among these is the famed jambon persille, a great specialty of\nBurgundy...There are two basic kitchen parsley available on the market. These\nare the plain, or flat leaf, and the curly leaf varieties. The commonest both\nin England and in the United States is the curly leaf, although it is not\nnecessarily the best. The flat or plain leaf is much more used and admired in\nthe countries around the Mediterranean, particularly Italy. Flat leaf parsley,\nas a matter of fact, is usually referred to in the United States as Italian\nparsley. In Tom Stobbart's laudable book, Herbs, Spices and Flavorings, he\nnotes that Neapolitan parsley is a specialty grown in Naples for its stems,\nwhich are eaten in the same manner as celery. There is a also Hamburg parsley,\nof which only the foot is used for flavoring. Chinese parsley, of course, is\nnot parsley at all but rather the leaf of the coriander plant.\" ---\"Parsley\nGets Star Billing,\" Craig Claiborne, New York Times, March 8, 1978 (p. C1)\n\n[1985] \"Like a talented actor who has been typecast, parsley appears destined\nfor the perpetual role of garnish. Dropped onto meat and fish chiefly to\nprovide a touch of green, unceremoniously removed to the bread plate, if not\nthe ashtray, by fully half the diners in America...As between curly and flat\nparsley, it is probably safe to say that most cooks who use parsley\nextensively in their cooking prefer the flat. It has more taste and it\nincorporates itself more gracefully into a dish than does its stiffly coiffed\ncousin.\" ---\"Not Just Garnish, Parsley Can Play a Leading Role, Robert Ferrar\nCapon, New York Times, October 9, 1985 (p. C1)\n\n[1990] \"Parsley may be ignored at dinner, but it is the favorite herb of most\nproduce-department managers. It is the only food they sell that almost no one\neats, thus thus minimizing customer complaints about how it tastes. They never\nhave to answer tricky questions about ways to prepare it, since even\ninexperienced cooks know how to toss clumps of parsley onto dinner plates.\nThey never have to worry about its being out of season, and they don't even\nhave to convince anyone to replenish his supply. In fact, people have always\nthought of ways to consume lots of parsley without actually eating it. One old\npreventive for baldness, for example, required dusting the head with\nconsiderable amounts of powdered parsley seed several times a year...parsley\nhasn't always been ignored at the table...and its origins are probably\nMediterranean, judging from its appearance in virtually all ancient Roman\nsauces and salads. It is one of the oldest and most universally used herbs in\nhistory. More recently, the discovery of parsley's nutritional value has led\nsome people to reconsider it as a serious edible. A cup of chopped raw parsley\nprovides almost as much vitamin C as an orange, or about half the amount of a\ncup of fresh orange juice. The herb yields almost as much vitamin A as raw\nspinach. In addition, it contains calcium, copper, iron, manganese, potassium\nand phosphorus, as well as the B vitamins riboflavin, thiamin and niacin. With\nso much to offer, parsley is often as nutritious as the food it adorns.\nParsley also tastes good, although experts debate over which of the two most\ncommon varieties has the superior flavor. The frilly-or curly-leafed parsley\nis more widely available and certainly the more decorative. But many prefer\nItalian parsley, which has broader, flat leaves, deeper color and more robust\ntaste. Hamburg parsley, a potherb used by the Germans, the Dutch and the\nPoles, is a lesser-known type, whose leaves are usually ignored altogether. It\nis cultivated for its delicious, carrot-shaped root, which makes it look like\nan anemic parsnip. Still other greens have become known as parsley, although\nthey are nothing of the kind. So-Called Japanese or Chinese parsley, similar\nin appearance to the Italian, is actually fresh coriander. The inedible 'fools\nparsley' also looks like the flat-leafed kind, but has won the additional\nnickname of 'dog's poison'...Connoisseurs...know that real parsley can enliven\nmany a recipe. For the French, it is an essential component of beurre maitre\nd'hotel (parsley butter)... bouquets garnis and fines herbes...But in\ncontemporary recipes, parsley seems to have lost its role as flavoring to more\nexotic herbs...Because of its profusion and availability, parsley has become\nan inexpensive and universal choice for a decorative addition.\" ---\"Parsley:\nGood Enough to Eat,\" Jeanette Ferrary, New York Times, June 3, 1990 (p. SMA6)\n\n[1995] \"Like a hero of Greek tragedy, parsley has fallen victim to its own\nvirtues. Long-lasting, attractive and readily available in large quantities at\nevery grocer store, parsley should be our most honored herb. Instead, its very\navailability has made it seem common, while its sturdiness and brilliant green\ncolor have consigned it to the thankless role of an eye-pleasing decoration\nscraped off the plate with the leftovers when the meal has ended. But this\nignominious fate ignores the single virtue that has placed parsley high on the\nlist of the world's most widely used herbs-its great flavor. Mild, slightly\ngrassy, with an echo of mint and a slight undertone of bitterness, parsley's\ntaste is a bedrock component of our flavor vernacular. In these winter months,\nwhen other fresh herbs have soared in price and taken a nose dive in quality,\ntry making parsley the herb of choice. In addition to its pleasing flavor,\nparsley also possesses and easygoing, agreeable disposition. It will grow in\nalmost any climate, and unlike its striking herbal cousins like cilantro and\nrosemary, it will blend with a wide range of flavors. Perhaps because of its\nMediterranean origins, it harmonizes most easily with other foods from the\nregion, like capers, garlic, olive oil, lemons and tomatoes...Evidence of\nparsley's versatile and accommodating nature is found in cuisines all over the\nworld. French chefs uses parsley in their most popular herbal mixtures, from\nbouquet garni to fines herbes...While there are about 30 varieties of parsley,\nincluding some grown for stems and at least one used only for its roots, most\nAmerican cooks find themselves choosing between two varieties, flat leaf and\ncurly leaf. In practice, the two can be used more or less interchangeably, but\nthere are some differences. Common wisdom holds that flat leaf has a more\nintense flavor than curly leaf. Repeated tasting bear this out, but the\ndifference is not a pronounced as generally advertised. Flavor intensity\nactually varies more between individual bunches of the herb than between\nvarieties. So, with parsley, you should follow the same rule of thumb as with\nall other produce: the fresher variety is probably the better choice. If both\nvarieties seem equally fresh, consider the intended use. Most flat-leaf\nparsley has larger leaves and thicker stems than curly leaf, which makes it\neasier to strip off the leaves. Curly leaf, with stronger stems and a\ngenerally sturdier character, might be preferable for salads with a lot of\ncrunch.\" ---\"Ubiquitous and Flavorful, Parsley Is Too Good to Overlook,\" John\nWilloughby and Chris Schlesinger, New York Times, Febraury 22, 1995 (p. C3)\n\n[1996] \"Parsley is the herb that's taken for granted. A few sprigs solve the\ngarnish problem. A scattering of chopped leaves enlivens almost any dish with\na bright bit of green. But parsley can take a more assertive role, becoming\nthe primary component of a sauce. Not only can it stand in for basil in a\npesto, it can also be the basis of a variety of green sauces...Flat-leaf\nItalian parsley is usually preferred by chefs for its richer flavor. Curly\nparsley makes a prettier garnish.\" ---\"Parsley Takes a More Assertive Role,\"\nFlorence Fabricant, New York Times, April 14, 1996 (p. CN14)\n\n[1997] \"Like salt, parsley is a seasoning that orchestrates other flavors. So\ndeftly does it do its job that it is usually taken for granted. This lack of\npraise is not reflected in the medical folklore, where parsley is touted as an\neffective cure for rheumatism, swelling and lethargy. The Romans used parsley\nto stimulate circulation and appetite. And in recent years, the sales of\nparsley capsules have increased right along with the wholesale consumption of\ngarlic. We do know for certain that parsley does for cooking what people claim\nit does for health--namely, clean and refresh. With its hint of camphor,\ncitrus and grass, and its subtle peppery bite, parsley cuts fat and grease and\nlends a youthful kick to almost any dish. Although there are five botanical\nvarieties of parsley, only two are commonly employed: curly-leafed parsley--so\ndecorative, it is used as a garnish--and flat-leaf or Italian parsley, also\ncalled celery-leaf parsley, which has thick, deep-green leaves and a decidedly\nblunt taste. Sardinia claims to be parsley's homeland, but that may have more\nto do with its widespread use there than its actual point of origin. Parsley\nis a hardy, prolific herb that has been growing for thousands of years all\nover the world. Its affinity for the cooking of southern Italy is only\nnatural, since it is the ultimate counterpoint to bold, boisterous flavors.\nAnd while flat-leaf parsley is perfectly capable of playing a supporting role,\nit has enough flavor to be able to define a dish, tabblouleh being the perfect\nexample.\" ---\"Parsing Parsley,\" Molly O'Neill, New York Times, July 13, 1997\n(p. SM53)\n\n[1998] \"Parsley is, without a doubt, the most underrated herb in the United\nStates. We fuss over basil, fall in and out of love with cilantro, experiment\nwith lavender and nearly ignore parsley. Still, the situation has improved\nover the years; when I was growing up it wasn't even clear that parsley was\nedible--a few sprigs on the side of the plate merely served notice that the\ndish was somehow 'fancy.' Yet when you get past using parsley as a garnish,\nand sprinkle a handful on top of a dish just before serving, you begin to\nappreciate the bright, clean flavor of this common herb. And when you realize\nthat it remains in season far longer than basil, rosemary or other popular\nherbs...you get a further sense of its value. My love for parsley increased\neven more when I learned how to feature it in sauces...I've learned to blend\nit with vinegar to make a sharp, spiky sauce that complements simply prepared,\nfull-flavored foods beautifully.\" ---\"Parsley Moves to Plate's Center,\" Mark\nBittman, New York Times, November 4, 1998 (p. F3)\n\nPasta, Macaroni & Noodles\n\n * pasta, noodles & macaroni\n * shapes & sizes\n * canned spaghetti USA\n * elbow macaroni\n * fettuccini Alfredo\n * lasagne\n\n|\n\n* macaroni & cheese\n* pasta primavera\n* pasta salad\n* penne alla vodka\n* ramen noodles\n* ravioli\n* soba noodles\n|\n\n* spaghetti & meatballs\n* spaghetti in the USA\n* spaghetti carbonara\n* toasted ravioli\n* tomato sauce & tomato gravy \n---|---|--- \n \nPasta, in many shapes and forms, has been enjoyed by many cultures and\ncuisines for thousands of years. Who invented this food, where and when?\nThat's very much a matter of culinary debate. Current evidence suggests two\n(or more) concommitant centers of origin. Ancient and Medieval pasta dishes\nwere both savory (made with meat, pepper, onion, saffron) and sweet (made with\nhoney, nuts, and soft cheeses). According to the food historians, layered &\nstuffed pastas (lasagne, ravioli) are a Medieval invention. In\nEuropean/Christian cultures they were often served with cheese during\nChristian Lent and other meat-abstaining days.\n\n17th and 18th century English and American cookbooks contain recipes for\nmacrows, or macaroni. Thomas Jefferson is said to have introduced the first\npasta machine to America in 1787. Tomatoes are \"New World\" food and were not\ncombined with pasta until the 19th century. Semolina, the pasta flour we know\ntoday, surfaces in Medieval times.\n\nRecommended reading:\n\n * Pasta: The Story of a Universal Food/Silvano Seventi & Francoise Sabban\n * Mediterranean Feast/Clifford A. Wright, \"Hard wheat and its famous inventions\" (p. 618-677)\n\nWhat about Marco Polo? Food historians debunk the myth that Marco Polo\nintroduced pasta to Italy as a result of his travels to China. Notes here:\n\n\"Certain ideas about the history of food are part of the general cultures. We\nall know, or think we know, that pasta originated in China, that it was\nbrought back to Venice by Marco Polo, and that it spread from there first\nthroughout Italy and later to the rest of Europe...It is an extravagant\napplication to the realm of food...called the \"myth of origin.\" Yet histories\nthat confidently repeat widely held opinions often neglect contradictory\nevidence. For example, the sources how that pasta did not come to Italy from\nChina by way of Venice but spread northward from the Mezzogiorno, where\nnoodles were eaten long before Marco Polo traveled to the Orient.\" ---Food: A\nCulinary History, Jean-Louis Flandrin & Masssimo Montanari [Columbia\nUniversity Press:New York] 1999 (p. 1-2)\n\n\"Culinary mythology: Marco Polo's supposed introduction of pasta from China to\nthe Western world. This durable myth, which requires that nothing should have\nbeen known of pasta in Italy until 1295, when Marco Polo returned from the Far\nEast, can easily be shown to be wrong by citing references in Italy to pasta\nof an earlier date. What is interesting about the myth is the question of how\nit arose. An explanation was offered to a distinguished audience at Oxford\nUniversity by the famous Italian authority, Massimo Alberini: As far as I can\nmake out, the Chinese' story originates from an article entitled A Saga of\ncatai that appeared in the American magazine Macaroni Journal in 1929. There\nit was written that a sailor in Marco Polo's expedition had seen a Chinese\ngirl preparing long strands of pasta, and that the sailor's name was\nSpaghetti. Obviously an \"unlikely tale.\" It is tempting to add that the\nMacaroni Journal explanation may itself be a myth; but no better explanation\nhas been offered. The question of interaction between oriental and occidental\nforms of pasta and the extent to which particular forms may have travelled\neither eastwards or westwards, through C. Asia, is a different one, of a\nsubtlety and complexity sufficient to deter myth-makers from trying to\nintervene with it.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 232) 88 (p. 273-4)\n\nThe very real contribution Marco Polo made with regards to introducing foods\nof Asia to Europe was his description of the cuisine and dining habits of the\npeople he met on his journeys.\n\n\"Marco Polo's accounts of China are too well known to warrant further\nattention, but a word needs to be said about his reliability. John Haeger,\namong others, has questioned whether Marco Polo saw as much as we usually\nassume...There is no question that he relied on others' acounts--usually\nreliable ones, but sometimes rumors--for his descriptions of some remote, off-\nroute places... Of Yuan food, Marco tells us a good deal, all of it confirmed\nby others. The importance of dairy products, especially horse milk, is clear.\nDried skim milk was a staple...Wine is described as being made of rice and\nflavored with spices...The luxury of the Great Kaan's table service is\ndescribed...and from Marco's note on the Yuan planting of shade trees, it\nseems that the Great Kaan was as industrious as the modern People's Republic\nin lining the highways with them...Marco notes the sharp contrast between the\nCentral Asian influenced north and the refractory south in choice of foods: in\nthe south \"they eat every kind of flesh, even that of dogs and other unclean\nbeasts, which nothing would induce a Christian to eat\"...The importance of the\nsalt monopoly is stressed.\" ---The Food of China, E.N. Anderson [Yale\nUniversity Press:New Haven] 1988\n\nShapes & sizes Pasta can be molded into almost any shape imaginable. The\nsimplest, and perhaps earliest, form were long, flat sheets. Think: lasagne.\nRavioli, vermicelli, ribbons and strings descend from this simple shape. As\ntime progressed, pasta was molded and extruded. Tubes happened. Think:\nrigatoni, elbow macaroni, & alphabet soup. By the early 20th century, most\nAmericans regularly incorporated macaroni into family meals. Cookbooks do not\ngenerally address the depth and breadth of shape choices. \"Macaroni\" is fuzzed\nover as one product. Presumably, urban centers offered more varieties than\nrural outposts. How many different shapes were available in this period?\n\n[1911] \"The average Amenrican consumer has no idea of the number of forms, a\nhundred or more, in which the paste is made by Italian manufacturers. They\nrange form lasagnes, short, flat pieces from one to two inches wide, cut out,\nand sometimes molded, bu hand, to fidellini, long thin threads, the finest of\nwhich are many times smaller than vermicelli, which is the smallest type\ngenerally know here--and, in between, a great variety of forms and sizes--\ntubular, solid-round and flat, long and short, stars, dots, crescents, little\nanimal shapes, etc., the last-named varieties being cut from thin sheets of\nthe dough.\" ---Grocers Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [National Grocer:New York]\n1911 (p. 353) [NOTE: Color plate of pasta shapes illustrated in this book\nhere.]\n\n[1914] \"Macaroni is an Italian paste, but only one class of the endless\nvariety of Italian pastes are of the true macaroni order, although a great\nmany others are often called by that name. There is much confusion as to what\nis included under the name macaroni among us, and even in some parts of Italy\nthe term is extended to cover several classes. Outside of Italy a great number\nof Italian pastes are being manufactured, especially in France, and more and\nmore in America, although nowhere nearly as many as in Italy. These pastes are\none of the greatest aids to economy, with great variety, of anything in the\nwhole world of foods, and they are staples. They were perhaps invented as a\nsubstitute for meat during the long Lenten fast, and then afforded the best\nmeans for extending the flavor of a small amount of heat ever devised, while\nat the same time furnishing a great deal of nutriment. In the home of their\norigin they are described variously, but most accurately when it is said they\nare 'both substantial and delicate.'...Variety is gained by learning to use\nthe different sorts which our own manufacturers call macaroni and label as\n'shells,' 'large chort cut,' etc. We mostly have but one, and the right idea\nof what macaroni is--a long tube with a hole in it, usually rather large--but\nin our store we find 'ribbon macaroni,' which may be either long or short and\nas flat as a ribbon; 'large elbow macaroni,' 'small elbow macaroni,' quill,'\n'sausage macaroni,' etc. These last four are tubular, but not of the Naples\ntype. What we call macaroni is in some parts of Italy called 'long Naples\nmacaroni'...where there are about two other divisions of these pastes, the\nnoodles and those of a great number of shapes, like large and small, some like\ngrains, or butterflies, or shells, or stars or letters of the alphabet, or\nfeathers, or 'horse's teeth.' etc.\" ---\"The Italian Pastes, or True macaroni,\nand Dry Soups,\" Jane Eddington, Chicago Daily Tribune, January 24, 1914 (p.\nD3)\n\nRecommended reading: Encyclopedia of Pasta, Oretta Zanini de Vita\n\nElbow macaroni Elbow macaroni, as we Americans know it today, descends from\n19th century Italian tubetti & ditali. The earliest American print reference\nwe find for \"elbow macaroni\" is 1900. Muellers (Pennsylvania) was an early\nmanufacturer. Creamettes, another popular brand, surfaced in 1912. In sum:\nproducts with this name were manufactured in America. They were promoted for\nconvenience (reduced cooking time) and economy (cheap). Popular home\neconomists supplied recipes in newspaper columns and cooking schools.\n\n\"Tubetti...Factory-made tubes, usually small, both smooth and ridged. They are\ncooked in soupds or made with legumes. Also known as Tubettini, ditali,\nditaletti (thimbles), gnocchetti di ziti, gnocchettini and coralli (corals).\nIn Puglia and Sicily, denti de vechhia (old woman's teeth), denti de cavallo\n(horse's teeth), ganghi di vecchia (old woman's legs) and magghietti....The\nname literally means 'little tubes.' In Puglia, where pasta d'ingegno was\nwidespread by the beginning of the 1800s, these irregularly shaped, small,\ncurved tubes could be produced with a torchio or with the appropriate die.\"\n---Encyclopedia of Pasta, Oretta Zanini de Vita, translated by Maureen B.\nFant, Forward by Carol Field [University of California Press:Berkeley CA]\n2009(p. 305-306) [NOTE: Color plate of pasta shapes from Artemas Ward's\nGrocers Encyclopedia [1911] here. Tubetti is #19, Ditalli follows.]\n\n[1900] \"Elbow Macaroni.\" ---display ad, Jas. P. Gates (store), Lebanon Daily\nNews [PA], April 27, 1900 (p. 1)\n\n[1904] \"Elbow Macaroni. This is somewhat of a new arrival on this market but\nyou'll find that it is a high class article. 10 cents per package.\" ---display\nad, Harrisburg Daily News [PA], February 15, 1904 (p. 4)\n\n[1905] \"Bromballotis brand elbow macaroni, six times a goldmedal winner in the\nwhitest and best macaroni packed. 15 cents box.\" ---display ad, Harrisburg\nDaily News [PA], September 21, 1905 (p. 4) [NOTE: catalog above, #27, shows\nthis shape with squared-off ends.]\n\n[1906] \"Elbow Macaroni. We have just received a fresh shipment of this fine\nmacaroni. In short elbow shapes there is no macaroni made to equal this kind.\nTry it once and you will use no other. Per pound 10 Cents.\" ---display ad,\nMarion Daily Star [OH], May 16, 1906 (p. 8)\n\n[1911] \"Fancy Elbow Macaroni, 3 pounds for 21 cents.\" ---display ad, Chicago\nDaily Tribune, April 2, 1911 (p. F3)\n\n[1912] \"Once, all macaroni was long and solid and took half an hour or longer\nto cook. Then, James T. Williams, a Minnesota resident, had an idea. He made\nmacaroni into short, hollow elbows, a shape that reduced the cooking time for\nhis macaroni to seven minutes. Williams' invention was Creamettes Macaroni.\nSince its introduction in 1912, the Creamettes brand has been expanded to\ninclude more than 60 different kinds and shapes of pasta and noodles.\"\n---\"Creamettes Always Stirred Interest,\" Los Angeles Times, December 8, 1988\n(p. J45) [NOTES: (1) According to the US Patent & Trademark Office, Creamettes\nbrand macaroni products were introduced to the American public August 15,\n1912. The original manufacturer was Mother's Macaroni Co., Minneapolis MN. The\nbrand was subsequently transferred to the Creamette Company. It is currently\nowned by New World Pasta, Harrisburg PA. (2) Early advertisements herald\n\"Creamettes is new macaroni product, more dainty in texture and more delicious\nin taste...cooks in one-third time required by other macaronies and cooks more\ndaintily, holding its original shape.\" (display ad, Chicago Daily Tribune,\nMarch 19, 1916 p. 3). These ads do not explicitly state the shape (elbow) or\nshow a picture of the product.]\n\n[1913] \"Elbow macaroni, 10 cents a pound.\" ---\"Food Prices Climbing,\"\nWashington Post, January 19, 1913 (p. 8)\n\n[1915] \"Muellers Elbow Macaroni.\" (also Muellers Egg Noodles).\" ---display ad,\nWashington Post, June 20, 1915 (p. 13) [NOTE: drawing of package, no price or\nproduct photo.]\n\n[1925] \"Know How Good They Are--Try Them! Get a package of Mueller's Egg\nNoodles and make the acquaintance of a new and delightful food flavor. They\nare made of choice spring wheat flour and plenty of fresh eggs--pure, rich,\nnutritious and easy to digest. Thousands of families now eat them several\ntimes a week, and never tire of them. Mueller's. Spaghetti, Macaroni, Elbow\nMacaroni, Egg noodles. As a Change from Potatoes!...Awarded Grand Prize\nPanama-Pacific Exposition, 1915.\" ---display ad, Los Angeles Times, October\n15, 1925 (p. A7)\n\nRelated recipe? Macaroni salad.\n\nFettuccine Alfredo Although combinations of pasta, butter and cheese were\nenjoyed by ancient cooks, the invention this particular dish is often\nattributed to Alfredo's [restaurant] in Rome, 1914. Why? Alfredo Di Lelio,\nwith a little help from Hollywood, made it famous. Contemporary restaurants\nserve many versions of this dish. What makes it super creamy? Some say it's\nthe double butter.\n\nHere's the generally accepted \"creation\" story: \"Fettucini Alfredo....A dish\nof fettuccini egg noodles mixed with butter, Parmesean cheese, and cream. The\ndish has been a staple of Italian-American restaurants since the mid-1960s. It\nwas created in 1914 by Alfred Di Lelio, who opened a restaurant in Rome,\nItaly, under his first name on the Via della Scrofa in 1910. The dish\nsupposedly helped restore the appetite of his wife after she gave birth to\ntheir son. The original dish was made with a very rich triple butter Di Lelio\nmade himself, three kinds of four, and only the heart of the best parmigiano.\nFettuccini all'Alfredo became famous after Hollywood movie actors Douglas\nFairbanks and Mary Pickford ate the dish at Alfredo's restaurant while on\ntheir honeymoon in 1927...After World War II Di Lelio moved to the Piazza\nAugusto Imperatore, and in the 1950s his restaurant became a mecca for\nvisiting Americans, most of whom came to sample fettuccini Alfredo...Because\nmost cooks could not reproduce the richness of the original butter, today the\ndish almost always contains heavy cream.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and\nDrink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 126)\n\n\"The story goes that while honeymooning in Rome in 1927, Douglas Fairbanks and\nMary Pickford dined almost daily on this rich pasta at Alfredo's restaurant,\nand in gratitude, presented restauranteur Alfredo Di Lelio with a golden pasta\nfork and spoon at the end of their stay. Journalists picked up the story and\nspread news of Fettuccine Alfredo across the Atlantic. Before long, American\nchefs were improvising. According to Marie Simmons...food writer who is of\nItalian heritage, an authentic Fettuccini Alfredo is not tricked out with\ncream or mushrooms or green peas or garlic. It's a mix of sweet creamery\nbutter, Parmigiano-Reggiano, homemade fettuccini, and black pepper. Nothing\nmore, nothing less.\" ---The American Century Cookbook: The Most Popular\nRecipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p.\n213)\n\nOf course, most dishes are not created, they evolve: \"Cheese is the earliest\ncondiment for pasta of which we have documentation. Even before the earliest\nrecipes were written, cheese with pasta was the delight of the bon vivants of\nthe Middle Ages...Present in all the medieval collections of recipes that\nfeature pasta, grated cheese was often mixed with spices...\"These tortelli\nmust be yellow and strongly spiced, serve them in bowls with plenty of pepper\nand grated cheese...Although it was abandoned by the elite beginning in the\nseventeenth century, the mixture of cheese and spices continued in popular\nuse. Pasta was served with a carpet of well-aged grated cheese in taverns\nfrequented by Pere Labat in the turn of the eighteenth century.\" ---Pasta: The\nStory of a Universal Food, Silvano Serventi & Francoise Sabban [Columbia\nUniversity Press:New York] 2000 (p. 258-9)\n\nA survey of recipes through time These recipes may not be called Fettuccine\nAlfredo, but they would certainly recreate something close the original dish.\nThe earliest recipe we have attributing Alfredo to this dish is dated 1928, a\nyear afther the famous Fairbanks/Pickford encounter. The emphasis and success\nof this dish is on Alfredo, a culinary showman. Not the restorative properties\ncreated for an ailing wife.\n\n> [1769] \"To dress Macaroni with Parmesan Cheese Boil four ounces of macaroni\n> till it be quite tender and lay it on a sieve to drain. Then put it in a\n> tossing pan with about a gill of good cream, a lump of butter rolled in\n> flour, boil it five minutes. Pour it on a plate, lay all over it parmesan\n> cheese toasted. Send to to the table on a water plate, for it soon goes\n> cold.\" ---The Experienced Engish Housekeeper, Elizabeth Raffald,\n> introduction by Roy Shipperbottom [Southover Press:East Sussex] 1997 (p.\n> 144)\n>\n> [1891] \"84. Maccheroni Alla Frncese (Macaroni French Style) I saay French\n> style because I found this recipe in a cookbook of that nation, but as often\n> happens with printed recipes, which rarely coincide with what must be done\n> in practice, I had to change the proportions of the ingredients as follows:\n> 300 grams (about 10-1/2 ounces) of Neapolitan-style long macaroni 70 grams\n> (about 2 1/3 ounces) of butter 70 grams (about 2 1/3 ounces) of Gruyere\n> cheese 40 grms (about 1 1/3 ounces) of Parmesan cheese a small pot of broth\n> Cook the macaroni until two-thirds done in moderately salted water. Put the\n> broth oon the fire, bring it to a boil and then add the grated Gruyere\n> cheese and the butter, stirring well with a wooden spoon to help them\n> dissolve. When this is done, immediately pour the broth over the drained,\n> partly cooked macaroni. I say immediately, because otherwise the Gruyere\n> sinks to the bottom and sticks together. Keep the macaroni on the fire until\n> completely cooked, making sure that they do not absorb all the sauce. When\n> you remove them from the stover, season the macaroni with the Parmesan\n> cheese. Serve with more Parmesan on the side for those who like strong\n> tastes and prefer their pasta sharp. This, like macaroni Bolognese style, is\n> a first course that comes in hand in family cookiing; you need only a small\n> pot of broth from the day before, so you can save the time and expense of\n> making a fresh meat broth. If you prefer the dish meatless, substitute milk\n> for the broth.\" ---Science in the Kitchen and the Art of Eating Well,\n> Pelegrino Artusi, translated by Mutha Baca and Stephen Sartrelli [Marsilio\n> Publishers:New York] 1891, 1997 (p. 92-3)\n>\n> [1895?] \"Maccaroni, With Cream Boil one pound of maccaroni, and when done,\n> cut it up in three inch lengths, and put in into a stewpan, with four ounces\n> of fresh butter, four ounces of grated Parmesan cheese, and a similar\n> quantity of Gruyere cheese also grated, and a gill of good cream; season\n> with mignionette-pepper and salt, and toss the whole well together over the\n> stove-fire until well mixed and quite hot, then shake it up for a few\n> minutes to make the cheese spin, so as to give it a fibrous appearance, when\n> drawn up with a fork. The maccaroni, when dished up, must be garnished round\n> the base with fleurons of pastry, and then served.\" ---Francatelli's Modern\n> Cook: A Practical Guide to the Culinary Art in All Its Branches, Charles\n> Elme Francatelli [David McKay:Philadelphia] 1895? (p. 397) [Note: Chef\n> Francatelli was in service to Queen Victoria.]\n>\n> [1912] Macaroni with Butter and Cheese (Maccheoni al Burro) Boil and drain\n> the macaroni. Take four tablespoons of table-butter, three tablespoons of\n> grated Parmesan cheese, add to the macaroni in the saucepan, mix well over\n> the fire, and serve.\" ---Simple Italian Cookery, Antonia Isola [Harper &\n> Brothers:New York] 1912 (P. 10)\n>\n> [1928] \"Noodles Alfredo Cook noodles in boiling salted water 20 minutes.\n> Drain in colander and hold under cold water to separate, then hold under hot\n> water to eat. Drain, place noodles on a large hot platter, sprinkle top with\n> grated Parmesan cheese and add 3 lumps of butter about the size of a small\n> egg. Now take a large spoon and fork and lift noodles from platter until\n> butter and cheese are thoroughly blended with noodles. This act of mixing\n> the butter and cheese throughout the noodles becomes quite a ceremony when\n> performed by Alfredo in his tiny restaurant in Rome, Italy. As busy as\n> Alfredo is with his other duties he manages to be at each table when the\n> waiter arrives with the platter of 'fettuccine' to be mixed by him.\" ---The\n> Rector Cook Book, George Rector [Cribben & Sexton Company:Chicago IL] 1928\n> (p. 70)\n>\n> [1932] \"...Noodles Alfredo. Cook the noodles until tender in boiling water.\n> Drain, place noodles on a large sizzling hot platter, sprinkle with grated\n> Parmesan cheese and add a generous lump of butter. With a large spoo and\n> fork, lift the noodles from the platter, unti cheese and butter are\n> thoroughly blended with them. That dish was named for Alfredo, who has a\n> restaurant in Rome. When Alfredo mixes the butter and cheese through the\n> noodles, it's a real ceremony. Alfredo always mannages to be at each table\n> when the waiter arrives with the platter of 'fettucine' so that he can do\n> the mixig himself. As he mixes the noodles he sways from the waist, keeping\n> perfect time to the music of the orchestra. As he turns the noodles over and\n> over, he puts lumps of butter under the stuff, and the the hot platter melts\n> this butter. First the butter comes to the top, then the Parmedan cheese,\n> and pretty soon the whole mass is whirling around until it is a radiant,\n> glorious mound of 'fettucine'. During the mixing, Alfredo actually leads the\n> orchestra; they watch him closely, and harmonize with his movements. At the\n> end of five minutes he stops back to look at his masterpiece through half-\n> closed eyes. Theyn, with a sweeping gesture, he invites the diner to\n> partake. 'Fettucine' made Alfredo a cavaliere of Italy. I do no know whether\n> the king knighted him with the flat or a sword or the round of a spoon. But\n> he has the decoration, nevertheless, and he is envied by all the rival chefs\n> in Italy.\" ---\"Our Daily Food,\" Colonel Goodbody, Washington Post, April 16,\n> 1932 (p. 8)\n>\n> [1950] \"Noodles With Butter and Parmesan Cheese (Roman Style) 3 eggs 4 cups\n> flour 4 quarts water 2 tablespoons salt 1/2 cup butter (1/4 pound) 1 1/2\n> cups grated Parmesean cheese Beat eggs lightly and add to flour on pastry\n> board, mixing well. Work until dough is stiff and elastic, adding more flour\n> if needed. Cut dough into 3 parts and roll out each part on floured board as\n> thin as possible. Sprinkle dough sheets with a little flour, let dry a\n> little, roll and cut into strips 3/4 inch wide. Cook about 8 minutes, or\n> until tender but not soft. Cooking time will vary aa little depending on\n> thickness of noodles. Drain will and place in large bowl. Add butter and\n> cheese and mix until butter and cheese have been completely absorbed by\n> noodles. Serve immediately with a little grated cheese. Serves 4 or 6.\"\n> ---Talisman Italian Cook Book, Ada Boni, translated by Matilde Pei [Crown\n> Publishers:New York] 1950, 1955 (p. 148-9)\n>\n> [1961] \"It is onnly a mild exaggeration to say that if a restaurant in New\n> York offers one dish of abiding excellence, the fact is worth recording. One\n> such establishment that has this to recommend it is Alfredo of New York; at\n> 240 West Fifty-sixth Street. The dish is fettuchie, a glorious creation made\n> with melting ribbons of noodles, Parmesan cheese as rich as a hazelnut,\n> butter and cream. To be properly made, fettucine must be made quickly and\n> with dexterity and preferably in a chafing dish at tableside. Great care\n> must be exercised on the part of the waiter that the noodles do not break\n> nor become overcooked. When Alfredo's was visited on several occasions, the\n> room was not filled to capacity and the fettucine-making ceremony was\n> admirably observed...The cost of the fettucine in the evening is $2.50.\"\n> ---\"Restaurant on Review: Alfredo of N.Y.,\" Craig Claiborne, New York Times,\n> September 29, 1961 (p. 39)\n>\n> [1966] \"Fettuccine Alfredo Two things are important here: 1) to use Parmesan\n> cheese you grated yourself,* and 2) to toss the noodles vigorously, with\n> controlled abandon, so that each and every millimeter of every one is\n> covered with the butter and cheese. 4 servings 8 ounces broad egg noodles\n> 1/2 pound butter 1/2 pound Parmesan Cook the noodles till they're tender--\n> about ten minutes. Drain them well. Put them in a hot bowl, add butter cut\n> in chunks (melted butter would give it a non-Alfredo flavor) and add the\n> grated cheese. Then mix. *This is what the purists say. I have not been able\n> to discern much difference, myself, and I've tried. However, the kind you\n> grate yourself you know is freshly grated, and you don't know how long ago\n> the grocer's was.\" ---Peg Bracken's Appendix to the I Hate to Cook Book, Peg\n> Bracken [Harcourt Brace & World:New York] 1966 (p. 156-157)\n>\n> [1970] \"Fettucini Alfredo This dish won for Alfredo, its creator, a title. I\n> first tasted it in Alfredo's little restaurant in Rome. There, its quality\n> was improved by showmanship. A platter of what looked like very plain\n> noodles was brought to the table. Then, while a violinist played softly,\n> Alfredo manipulated his golden spoon and the clammy-looking noodles changed\n> to a dish of delicate thoughtfulness. When the king tasted it, he knighted\n> Alfredo. The housewife can make it with Italian spaghetti, or obtain at an\n> Italian store the flat noodles from which fettucini is concocted. 1 1/2\n> pounds noodles 1 teaspoon salt Boil unbroken noodles in as much water as\n> your largest pot will hold. Add salt when water first begins to boil, then\n> noodles. Boil 20 minutes. 1/2 pound butter Cut in cubes on a hot plate. When\n> noodles are done, drain. 3 handfuls Parmesan cheese, grated. Stir the cheese\n> and butter into the noodles, being sure that all are carefully mixed and\n> blended. You may not have Alfredo's golden spoon, but you'll have his loving\n> care.\" --- Cooking with the Stars, Jane Sherrod Singer editor [A.S. Barnes\n> and Co.:New York] 1970 (p. 394-5) [Note: According to this book, the dish is\n> contributed by Lionel Barrymore. We are not told if the recipe is\n> \"original,\" Barrymore's or the cook book editor's.]\n>\n> [1974] \"Fettuccine Alla Panna/Fettuccine With Cream Sauce This embellished\n> modern version of the old burro e parmigiano is sometimes known as\n> fettuccine all'Alredo The butter is melted with the cheese on a serving\n> platter, and then turned into a smooth, creamy sauce without benefit of\n> saucepan. Sauce 8 tablespoons unsalted butter 1/2 cups all-purpose cream 8\n> tabllespoons grated Parmesan cheese Pasta 6 quarts water 6 teaspoons salt 1\n> 5-egg batch Pasta all'uovo (pages 15-22), cut into fettuccine (as in the\n> preceding recipe) Put the bitter and cream in a wide, shallow serving bowl\n> or deep platter in a warm (200 degrees F.) oven or, even better, on top of\n> the pot containing the heating pasta water. When the butter has melted, stir\n> in about 2/3 of the cheese. Keep this cream sauce warm while the fettuccine\n> cook. When the pasta comes to a good boil, salt it and put in the fettuccine\n> by the handful. When al dente, drain it thoroughy, and put it on the platter\n> with the cream-butter-cheese sauce. Turn it over and over until the sauce is\n> well distributed. Serve immmediately aand sprinkle with the remaining\n> cheese.\" ---The Romagnolis' Table, Margaret and G. Franco Romagnoli\n> [Atlantic Monthly Press:Boston MA] 1974, 1975 (p.29-30) [NOTE: Recipe for\n> Pasta, Burro E Parmigiano (Pasta with Butter and Parmesan cheese) precedes\n> this passage (p. 28-29). The sauce contains unsalted butter & Parmesan\n> cheese; no cream.]\n\nRelated food? macaroni & cheese (usually a baked dish).\n\nLasagne Lasagne history is particularly interesting because it embraces not\none, but three edible evolutions: 1. Wide noodles made by Ancient Romans &\nGreeks 2. Layered flat noodle & spice/cheese dishes in Medieval Europe 3.\nBaked dish composed of flat noodles interlayered with cheese, meat & tomato\nsauce in modern Europe & contemporary USA\n\nFood historians hypothesize lasagne [long flat strips of dried wheaten dough]\nwere probably the earliest forms of pasta. They were laid out to harden in the\nhot mediterranean sun and cut with simple rollers designed expressly to create\na curly, interlocking edge. Serving instructions for the very first lasagnes\nwere not much different from other than flat breads. Medieval and Renaissance\nlasagnes were typically creamy, sweet, layered macaroni and cheese type\ndishes, often eaten during Christian Lent. They were flavored with cinnamon\nand pepper, not garlic and oregano. This is a far cry from the ground meat,\nricotta, tomato sauce, and mozzarella topped dish we Americans consider\nlasagne today. How things do change with time!\n\n\"Lasagne: probably one of the earliest forms of pasta...consists of fairly\nflat sheets of pasta, typically interleaved with a savoury mixture and baked\nin the oven...Some believe that its remote ancestor was the classical Greek\nlaganon; this was a flat cake, not pasta as we know it now, but capable of\ndeveloping in that direction. In classical Rome this was cut into strips and\nbecame known as lagani (plural). Cicero (1st century AD) was known to have\nbeen particularly fond of lagani. So was the Roman poet Horace, of the same\ncentury. He sited them as an example of simple peasant's food while boasting\nof his simple way of life...something which could be called lasagne in the\nmodern sense had appeared in Italy by the 13th century...Since medieval times,\nlasagne have been a popular feature in the range of pasta products. Recipes\nhave changed over the centuries, but the advantages of a pasta which comes in\nsheet form...have been a constant in the kitchen.\" ---Oxford Companion to\nFood, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 444)\n\n\"The use of elongated pasta was also probalby introduced by the Arabs, and\nthis is corroborated visually in the illustrations accompanying the\nfourteenth-century Tacuina sanitatis...Among fourteenth-century recipe\ncollections, only one, the Neapolitan Liber de coquina, offers a step-by-step\ndescription of the preparation and serving of lasagne. Here fermented douth\n(we do not know if this is an exception or the rule) is flattened into a thin\nsheet and cut into rectangles three inches long. These are boiled in water and\nthen seasoned, layer by layer, with grated cheeese (caseum gratatum) and, if\ndesired, pulverized spice. The recipe concludes with the stiupation that the\ndish should be eaten with a pointed wooden utensil (uno punctorio ligneo).\nThis detail suggests that the precocious use of the fork in Italy was prompted\nat least in part by the introduction of a dish as difficult to handle as\npasta, which is slippery and dangerously hot...Cheese--possibly enriched with\nspices--was the obligatory flavoring for pasta from the outset. This custom\nlasted at least until the eighteenth century. 'It must be known'--says the\nLiber de coquina--'that one should use a large quantity of cheese with both\nlasagne and corzetti.' The cheese could be sliced rather than grated...It is\nclear, however, that grated cheese was the preferred choice, signifying from\nthe start a successful union between pasta and cheese, the foremost variety of\nwhich is Parmesan...All cookbooks confirm this, and not even the new and\nsuccessful combination of pasta with tomato sauce, which was first introduced\naround the end of the eighteenth century and fully established by the 1820s,\nwould really change things. Cheese and tomaptes, together or separately, are\nthe most popular and most accessible flavorings for pasta, in contrast to meat\nsauce and ragu, the prevailing choice for Parisian and Neapolitan cooking.\"\n---Italian Cuisine: A Cultural History, Alberto Capati & Massimo Montanari,\ntranslated by Aine O'Healy [Columbia University Press:New York] 1999, 2003 (p.\n52-55) [NOTE: Recommended reading: The Neapolitan Recipe Collection, a\ncritical edition and English translation by Terence Scully [University of\nMichigan Press:Ann Arbor]2000.]\n\n\"Though some authorities believe the word [lasagne] derives from Vulgar Latin\nlasania (cooking pot), the ancient Romans made laganum, which referred to\nstrips of dough baked on a flat surface. Since lasagne requires a baking oven,\nwhich for most of Italian history was to be found only in the kitchens of the\nwealthy families, the dish was considered to be a lavish one...\" ---Dictionary\nof Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p.\n134)\n\n> [14th century Italy] \"Of lasagne. To make lasagne take fermented dough and\n> make into as thin as possible. Then divide it into squares of three\n> fingerbreadths per side. Then take salted boiling water and cook those\n> lasagne in it. And when they are fully cooked, add grated cheese. And, if\n> you like, you can also add good powdered spices and powder them on them,\n> when they are on the trencher. Then put on a layer of lasagne and powder\n> [spices] again, and on top another layer and powder, and continue until the\n> trencher or bowl is full. Thet eat them by taking them up with a pointed\n> wooden stick...This recipe is interesting from several points of view--not\n> because lasagne were an innovation of the fourteenth century, but because of\n> the unusual method it sets out. Pasta was common in medieval Italy...we find\n> references ot maccaroni...in texts dating from before [Marco Polo's]\n> lifetime. Lasagne, which are cut from a sheet of pasta a formed with a\n> rolling pin, are the likely successors of the laganae of Roman times, for\n> which the late fourth-century treatise of Apicius includes two recipes,\n> although these yield quite different results, as one is boiled and the other\n> baked. The mixture of wheat flour and water known as pasta is also defined\n> in part by its being cooked in moist heat; boiling water in the West and\n> steam or boiling liquid in China. While lasagne are the culmination of a\n> pasta-making tradition dating back to antiquity, the origin of macaroni and\n> vermicelli, first mentioned in medieval Italian cooking treatises, is far\n> less certain....the recipe we have selected is distinctive for its use of\n> 'fermented' dough. There is no room for doubt that leavening is used. In a\n> prior reicpe fermento is added to a fritter dough precisely to make it\n> 'grow'...Other Italian books contain reicpes for lasagne made of flour and\n> water and boiled in meat broth for meat days, or in almond milk for days of\n> abstinence. In this recipe, our lasagne are simply boiled in salted water.\n> Another of the unusual elements that made us choose this particular version\n> in the liber de coquina is that it is the only one to explain clearly how\n> lasagne are made--by rolling out the dough and cutting it into squares three\n> finger-breadths a side--and how they are eaten; with a pinted wooden stick.\n> We can quite see the ned for a tool wit which to eat hot lasagne without\n> buring our fingers. But the fork was on the way!...It is only natural to\n> wonder why these lasagne are made from a leavened dough, similar to bread\n> dough, rather than from a simple mixture of flour and water. Remember that\n> in Italy today lasagne, like other fresh pastas, are made from flour and\n> eggs. We have found...that a leavened dough, wen boiled, has a slight\n> springiness that is lacking in an unleavened dough; this consistency comes\n> close to the al dente texture of perfectly cooked pasta.\" ---Medieval\n> Kitchen: Recipes From France and Italy, Odile Redon et al [University of\n> Chicago:Chicago] 1998 (p. 58-60) [NOTE: Modernized recipe follow; happy to\n> scan & send if you want.]\n>\n> [14th century England] loseyns (lasagne) & modernized redaction\n>\n> [15th century Rome] \"Book VII, 43. Roman Noodles. Blend meal which has been\n> separated from chaff with water in the best way. When it has been blended,\n> spread it out on a board and roll it with a rounded and oblong piece of wood\n> such as bakers are accustomed to use in such a trade. Then when it has been\n> drawn out to the width of a finger, cut it. It is so long you would call it\n> a fillet. It ought to be cooked in rich and continually boiling broth, but\n> if, at any time, it must be cooked in water, put in butter and salt. When it\n> is cooked, it ough to be put in a pan with cheese, butter, sugar, and sweet\n> spices.\" ---Platina: On Right Pleasure and Good Health, a critical edition\n> and translation of De Honesta Voluptate et Valetudine, Mary Ella Milham\n> [Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies:Tempe AZ] 1998 (p. 329)\n>\n> [16th century Rome] \"Capon Skin Lasagne Take boiled capon skin, cut into\n> pieces and put in fatty capon broth; and simmer for a half hour with a bit\n> of saffron. Then serve in bowls, topped with a bit of cheese and spices.\"\n> ---The Art of Cooking: The First Modern Cookery Book, Maestro Martino of\n> Como, edited and with an introduction by Luigi Ballerini, Translated and\n> annotated by Jeremy Parzen [Univeristy of California Press:Berkeley CA] 2005\n> (p. 71)\n>\n> \"To prepare a tourte of tagliatelle or of lasagne cooked in a fat meat broth\n> or in milk. Get tabliatelle or lasagne make with fine flour, eggs and either\n> warm goat's milk or warm water; cook them in a fat meat broth or in goat's\n> or cow's milk. When they are done, take them out and let them cool enough to\n> be cut. Then have a tourte pan grased with butter and lined with a sheet of\n> royal dough made with fine flour, rosewater, sugar and butter. Onto that\n> dough set down a layer of provatura [cow's milk mozzarella] slices sprinked\n> with sugar, pepper and cinnamon, with a few lumps of fresh butter and grated\n> Parmesan cheese; then put the bits of tagliatelle or lasagne on that, and on\n> top of them make another layer of the same ingredients as are under them.\n> You can make up several layers doing the same thing. Bake it, open-faced, in\n> an oven or braise it. When it is almost done, sprinkle it with sugar and\n> cinnamon. Be very generous with the butter. In the same way you can do any\n> sort of macaroni, made on an iron bar and cooked as described above. You can\n> occasionally intersperse mint, marjoram and ground cloves of garlic with the\n> pasta. Always serve it hot.\" ---The Opera of Bartolomeo Scappi (1570), Luigi\n> Ballerini and Massimo Ciavolella editors, translated with a commentary by\n> Terence Scully [University of Toronto Press:Toronto] 2008, 2011, Book V,\n> recipe 84(p. 475)\n>\n> [1950] \"Lasagne Neapolitan Style 1 pound Ronzoni lasagne (#123) 1 pound pork\n> shoulder 1 tablespoon olive oil 1/2 onion, minced 1 teaspoon minced parsley\n> 1/2 teaspoon salt 1/2 teaspoon pepper 1 1/2 cans tomato paste 2 cups warm\n> water 5 quarts water 3 teaspoons salt 1 pound ricotta (Italian pot cheese) 1\n> tablespoon hot water 4 tablespoons grated Parmesan cheese Place pork in\n> saucepan with oil, onion, garlic, and parsley and brown thoroughly on all\n> sides. Add salt, pepper, and tomato paste, diluted in 2 cups warm water.\n> Cover pan and cook 2 hours, adding a little water from time to time, if\n> necessary. This should make about 2 cups of tomato sauce. Remove pork from\n> sauce, and keep warm. In another pan bring water to boil, add salt, and drop\n> in lasagne, broken into short pieces. Cook 15 minutes, or until tender,\n> stirring almost constantly to prevent lasagne from sticking together. Drain.\n> Mix ricotta with 1 tablespoon warm water, making a soft paste. In a\n> casserole, arrange lasagne in layers, alternating with sauce, ricotta and\n> Parmesean, until lasagne is all used, and ending with a layer of sauce,\n> ricotta and Parmesean. Bake in moderate oven 20 minutes and serve. Serve\n> pork as a second course. Makes 6 large or 8 medium servings.\" ---The\n> Talisman Italian Cook Book, Ada Boni, special edition printed for Ronzoni\n> Macarnoni Co. [Crown Publishers:New York] 1950, 1955 (p. 145-146) [NOTE:\n> Additional recipes in this book: Lasagne Old Style (ricotta & mozzerella),\n> Lasange Piedmont Style (Parmesan, no ricotta), and Green Lasange Modena\n> Style (spinach, Parmesean, no ricotta).]\n\nMacaroni & cheese\n\nWho invented macaroni & cheese? No one knows for sure, although the food\nhistorians generally credit the ancient Greeks and Romans for coming up with\nthe idea of combining these two foods. The origin of pasta/noodles/macaroni is\na matter of culinary controversy (Ancient Rome? Etruscans? China? Korea?).\nAccording to the Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson, [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 1999 (page 159) \"Cheese is one of the oldest of made foods,\ndating back to the prehistoric beginnings of herding. As with all fermented\nproducts, it seems likely that the discovery of cheese was accidental...\"\n\nWe do know that medieval macaroni dishes (lasagnes & raviolis) were made with\ncheese and sweetened with nuts and spices (The Medieval Cookbook, Maggie\nBlack, Lasagne with cheese (pages 90-91). These would have tasted quite\ndifferent from the mac and cheese we eat today. Colonial American cookbooks\ncontained recipes for macaroni and cheese in the English tradition:\n\n\"Despite the many varieties, the most common name for pasta in later Medieval\nItaly seems to have been macaroni', although this now means the round as\ncontrasted with the flat kind. The fourteenth century English Forme of Cury\ngives a recipes for macrows (an anglicized plural) that unquestionably\nproduces a flat result; the recipes even recommends serving it strewn with\nmorsels of butter, and with grated cheese on the side. In its native land it\ndoes not seem to have been regarded as a very high-class food; in the\nsixteenth century\n\n\"Cheese is the earliest condiment for pasta of which we have documentation.\nEven before the earliest recipes were written, cheese with pasta was the\ndelight of the bon vivants of the Middle Ages...Present in all the medieval\ncollections of recipes that feature pasta, grated cheese was often mixed with\nspices...\"These tortelli must be yellow and strongly spiced, serve them in\nbowls with plenty of pepper and grated cheese...Although it was abandoned by\nthe elite beginning in the seventeenth century, the mixture of cheese and\nspices continued in popular use. Pasta was served with a carpet of well-aged\ngrated cheese in taverns frequented by Pere Labat in the turn of the\neighteenth century.\" ---Pasta: The Story of a Universal Food, Silvano Serventi\n& Francoise Sabban [Columbia University Press:New York] 2000 (p. 258-9)\n\n\"...we can establish the venerableness of the dish we call macaroni cheese\nfrom the following recipe which must have been introduced from Italy... into\nthe court cookery of Richard II [1367-1400]. Macrows. Take and make a thin\nfoil of dough, and carve it in pieces, and cast them on boiling water, and\nseeth it well. Take cheese, and grate it, and butter, cast beneath, and above\nas for losenges, and serve it forth.' It was apparently not made in England\nduring the next few hundred years, but it returned from Italy in the\neighteenth century...when Elizabeth Raffald published a very good recipe\nentitled \"To dress macaroni with Parmesan cheese.\" ---Food and Drink in\nBritain: From the Stone Age to the 19th Century, C. Anne Wilson (p. 252)\n\nCompare and contrast the following M & C recipes from different time periods:\n\n> [1390] A modern redaction of the original Forme of Cury recipe.\n>\n> [15th century] \"Roman noodles Blend meal which has which has been separated\n> from chaff with water in the best way. When it has been blended, spread it\n> out on a board and roll it with a rounded and oblong piece of wood such as\n> bakers are accustomed to use in such a trade. Then when it has been drawn\n> out to the width of a finger, cut it. It is so long you would call it a\n> fillet. It ought to be cooked in rich and continuallly boiling broth, but\n> it, at the time, it must be cooked in water, put in butter and salt. When it\n> is cooked, it ought to be put in a pan with cheese, butter, sugar, and sweet\n> spices.\" ---De Honesta Voluptate et Valetudine [On Right Pleasure and Good\n> Health], Platina, Book VII, recipe 43, translated by Mary Ella Milham, Italy\n> 15th century (p. 329)\n>\n> [1769] \"To dress Macaroni with Parmesan Cheese Boil four ounces of macaroni\n> till it be quite tender and lay it on a sieve to drain. Then put it in a\n> tossing pan with about a gill of good cream, a lump of butter rolled in\n> flour, boil it five minutes. Pour it on a plate, lay all over it parmesan\n> cheese toasted. Send to to the table on a water plate, for it soon goes\n> cold.\" ---The Experience Engish Housekeeper, Elizabeth Raffald, introduction\n> by Roy Shipperbottom [Southover Press:East Sussex] 1997 (p. 144)\n>\n> [1824] \"Boil as much macaroni as will fill your dish, in milk and water till\n> quite tender, drain it on a sieve, sprinkle a little salt over it, put a\n> layer in your dish, then cheese and butter as in the polenta, and bake it in\n> the same manner.\" ---The Virginia House-Wife, Mary Randolph, 1824 (p. 100)\n>\n> [1847] \"Maccaroni with cheese...Simmer quarter of a pound of maccaroni in a\n> quart of milk, until the pipes are well swelled and tender; then butter a\n> pudding dish, put in a layer of maccaroni; strew it plentifully with grated\n> cheese and bits of butter; then another layer of maccaroni, alternately,\n> until the dish is full, then cheese being last; then put over the whole bits\n> of butter, or melt the butter and put it over; then put it into a moderate\n> oven until it is nicely browned. Serve hot. The cheese for this purpose\n> should be cut and allowed to become dry beore it is grated Pineapple, or old\n> English or Parmesean, should be used. The milk in which the maccaroni is\n> steeped must also be added, if not all absorbed. ---Mrs. Crowen's American\n> Ladies' Cookery Book, Mrs. T. J. Crowen, 1847 (p. 427)\n>\n> [1908] \"Baked macaroni...Break up half a pound of macaroni in two-inch\n> lengths, and simmer it as for boiled macaroni, drain it well; have ready\n> grated half pound of good rich cheese, not too old; butter a baking dish,\n> one that will do to serve it in, divide the cheese in half, put one portion\n> in the dish, scattering it evenly over the bottom, pour in the macaroni,\n> arrange it smoothly, and put over it the remaining half of the cheese,\n> sprinkle it plentifully with salt, and pour over it a large coffeecup of\n> cream and milk mixed; bake it three-quarters of an hour; it should be a nice\n> brown on top.\" --The Economical Cook Book, Sara T. Paul, 1908 (p. 138)\n>\n> [1915] \"English Style Macaroni...Cook one cup Larkin Short-Cut Macaroni in\n> boiling salted water until tender. Rinse with cold water. Make a sauce by\n> melting three tablespoons butter in a double-boiler. Add three tablespoons\n> flour. When bubbling add one and one-half cups sweet milk. Stir constantly\n> until thickened, add two thirds cup grated cheese or four ounces cheese\n> thinly sliced. Stir until melted. Add one-half teaspoon salt and a little\n> pepper. Mix together sauce and Macaroni, reheat in kettle or put into baking\n> dish and bake about twenty minutes until brown....Mrs. I. F. Knee, Omana,\n> Nebr.\" ---Larkin Housewives Cook Book, Larkin Company [Larkin\n> Co.:Philadelphia] 1915 (p. 54) [NOTE: This recipe instructs the cook to make\n> a cheese sauce rather than simply using grated cheese.]\n>\n> Horn & Hardart's macaroni & cheese\n\nKraft confirms its macaroni & cheese dinner product was introduced in 1937.\nWhat about the details?\n\n\"Kraft Macaroni & Cheese Dinner is introduced nationally in yellow boxes (soon\nchanged to blue) by National Dairy Products, which has adopted the idea of one\nof its St. Louis salesmen to combine grated American cheese with Tenderoni\nMacaroni.\" ---The Food Chronology, James Trager [Henry Holt:New York] 1995\n(p.37)\n\n\"Kraft was the first to introduce an instant macaroni and cheese dinner. The\nyear was 1937 and soon Kraft, during commercial breaks in the Kraft Music Hall\nradio program, was promising American cooks that a Kraft Dinner was \"A meal\nfor four in nine minutes for an everyday price of 19 cents. In 1937 alone,\neight million Kraft Dinners were sold, but their popularity soared tenfold\nduring World War II because they were not only good meat substitutes but also\nrequired just one ration coupon. \"Don't hurry, puff and wheeze,\" Kraft Dinner\ncommercials now urged. \"There's a main dish that's a breeze.\"\" ---The American\nCentury Cookbook: The Most Popular Recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson\n[Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 180)\n\n\"In 1937, the Kraft Food Company which had introduced processed cheese to the\nworld in 1915, released its macaroni and cheese package, known to the world as\n\"Kraft Dinner.\" As America slowly emerged from the Depression, it became the\nhousewife's friend--a nourishing one-pot meal that could be easily\nprepared...\" ---American Dish: 100 Recipes from Ten Delicious Decades, Merrill\nShindler [Angel City Press:Santa Monica] 1996 (p. 61)\n\nHere is Kraft's own recipe for macaroni & cheese, circa 1938:\n\n> Macaroni American 1 cup elbow macaroni 1/2 Kraft American 1/2 cup milk 1/2\n> teaspoon Worcestershire sauce Dash of cayenne Buttered crumbs\n>\n> Cook macaroni in boiling salted water; drain. Melt the cheese over low heat\n> in top of a double boiler. Gradually add the milk, stirring well after each\n> addition of milk. Add seasonings. Place macaroni in a casserole and pour the\n> sauce over it, carefully mixing with a fork. Cover with crumbs, or with\n> additional grated cheese. Bake in a moderate oven, 350 degrees, 15 minutes.\n> Spaghetti, noodles or rice may be substituted for the macaroni.\" ---Favorite\n> Recipes from Mary Dahnke's File, Kraft-Phoenix Cheese Corporation [1938] (p.\n> 19). There is a picture of the yellow & blue Kraft Dinner box on the second\n> to last page of this booklet.\n>\n> Recommended reading: \"Kraft Cheese,\" Encyclopedia of Consumer Brands, Volume\n> 1:Consumable Products, Janice Jorgensen Editor [St. James Press:Detroit]\n> 1994\n\nRelated dishes: Fettuccine Alfredo & Pasta Primavera.\n\nPasta Primavera Food historians generally agree modern primavera recipes, as\nwe Americans know them today, originated in New York City during the late\n1970s. Several articles in the New York Times confirm this was a period when\nseveral upscale chefs endeavored to redefine \"Italian Cusine.\" Said cuisine\ndrew on traditional \"Old World\" peasant recipes. They were typically composed\nof fresh vegetables and lighter sauces. Italian food historians confirm the\nphrase \"primavera\" in the gastonomic sense, simply means \"springtime.\" In the\nItaly this term is applied to several dishes incorporating fresh young\nvegetables.\n\n\"Pasta primavera. Few people... would disagree that this is America's grandest\ncontribution to the pasta repertoire. And as often happens with truly great\nrecipes, it came about quite by chance. In the late 70s. Here's what Ella\nElvin, former food editor of New York's Daily News, had to say about it in the\nFebruary 1, 1978 paper: Pasta Primavera is a specialty of Le Cirque at 58 E.\n65th St. Sirio Macconi, co-owner, says it came onto his menu rather obliquely.\nHe and friends had once had a few fun days of cooking wild boar and lobster in\nCanada, when his wife served pasta with briefly cooked fresh vegetables. 'It\nis something we do a lot in Italy,\" says Sirio, 'but on this occasion it\ntasted spectacularly good to everyone, and then we tried it as an item for\nfriends here at the restaurant. When Paul Bocuse came, we suggested it as an\nappetizer and he said: 'I want it as the main course. ' It's a matter of using\nfresh vegetables that are in season'...The pasta is topped with spoonfuls of\nboth vegetable sauces and pepper is ground over the top.\" ---The American\nCentury Cookbook: The Most Popular Recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson\n[Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 191)\n\n\"Another cream pasta dish that was all the rage in the Seventies was pasta\nprimavera. Craig Claiborne called it \"by far the most talked-about dish in\nManhattan\" in 1977. And while this dish was wholly American, it was Italian in\nfeel, and it was rich and creamy. There is no questions that pasta primavera\nwas invented in New York, at Le Cirque restaurant. But whether it was first\nmade by Le Cirque owner, Sirio Maccioni, when he decided to add vegetables to\nhis Alfredo sauce, or by Le Cirque cofoudner Jean Vergnes in conjuction with\nLe Cirque chef Jean-Louis Todeschini after Vergnes tasted a pasta with\nvegetables made by friend and cookbook writer Ed Giobbi, is still a matter of\ndebate...This pasta dish held on to its popularity through the Eighties...\"\n---Fashionable Food: Seven Decades of Food Fads, Sylvia Lovegren\n[MacMillan:New York] 1995 (p. 323)\n\n\"No one denies that there has been a revolution in French food: it is less\nrich, with fresh ingredients put together in new and different ways. In the\nlast five years heavy sauces have become light and classics such as canard a\nl'orange and beef Wellington have given way to rare duck breasts and\nmedallions of beef with cranberries. Since New Yorkers probably eat as much\nItalian food as French, are they finding similar changes in Italian\ncooking?...Those [new] dishes...are typical of the meals in some of the\nstylish, sleeky appointed and usually expensive Italian restaurants that have\nbecome a fixture of New York. So different is the food form the Italian\ncooking so long familiar to most of us that there is talk of an Italian\nnouvelle cuisine...Whether there is such a thing is open to debate...There are\nsome fad dishes...and certainly there is a trend toward lightness. But most of\nthem feel that the foundation of the \"new\" dishes is as old as the Etruscan\nhills. \"They take old peasant dishes and give them new names,\"...The influence\nof New York's new Italian cooking extends beyond Italian restaurants. Fresh\npasta or osso buco, risotto, or fetuccini with truffles often appear on the\nmenus of Le Cirque, Odeon, the Four Seasons and the Palace. Onece a successful\ndish appears in one restaurant, it turns up on menus everywhere. Take pasta\nprimavera. \"James Beard called one day and said, 'Alfredo [Viazzi] , I'm afaid\nyour past primavera is all over town!\" ...[Viazzi] takes credit for\nintroducing the dish to New York, although he says it is acutally peasant fare\nbrought up to date. However, Siro Maccioni of Le Circ says that he invented\nhis version seven years ago at a party when he ran out of other ingredients\nand had to make do with the spring vegetables that garnish the pasta. Perhaps\nall roads to lead to Rome. Italian chefs like to create dishes on the spur of\nthe moment, and often cook special things for a favorite customer. This can be\na mixed blessing.\" ---\"Is There a New Italian Cuisine?\" Moira Hodgson, New\nYork Times, September 30, 1981 (p. C1)\n\n> [1987] \"New York City Style Pasta Primavera Mayor Edward Koch, New York City\n> 2 tbsp. butter 2 tbsp. olive oil 1/4 lb. snow peas (trimmed) 1/4 lb.\n> mushrooms (washed and sliced) 8 asaparagus tips 1 small zucchini (washed and\n> sliced) 1/2 lb. angel hair pasta 2 cloves mashed garlic 1/2 cup good chicken\n> stock 1/4 cup white wine parmesan cheese. 4-6 servings Melt 2 tbsp. butter\n> and 2 tbsp. olive oil in a pan. Add mushrooms and zucchini, toss until\n> coated. Add asparagus and snow peas. Toss over high heat but do not brown.\n> Add garlic and white wine. Cook pasta in boiling water wehn you add white\n> wine to mixture. Cook for 30 seconds to reduce slightly. Add 1/2 cup of\n> chicken stock and simmer for 1 minutes. Season with salt and fresh pepper.\n> Add parmesan cheese to taste. Add vegetable mixture to pasta. Toss over\n> heat. Add more parmesan to taste. Serve very hot in a bowl that will hold\n> pasta and sauce.\" ---The Mayor's Cookbook: The Farvorite Recipes of over 300\n> Mayors Across the U.S.A., United States Conference of Mayors, Thomas L.\n> McClimon editor [Acropolis Books Ltd.:Washington DC] 1987 (p. 42)\n\nRelated dish: Fettuccini alfredo\n\nRavioli Pasta (in many different shapes and sizes) is an ancient food. It was\nenjoyed by many peoples in many cultures. Stuffed pasta (ravioli, wonton,\nkreplach) is likewise a food shared by many cultures and cuisines. Food\nhistorians generally agree that stuffed pastas (and related recipes such as\nlasagna) were probably introduced in Medieval times. Cookbooks confirm\nEuropean and Middle Eastern medieval pasta dishes could have been sweet\n(filled with cheese, honey, nuts, and cinnamon) or savoury (filled with meat,\npepper, and saffron). Asian wontons were typically steamed or fried and were\nserved with local vegetables. Tomato sauce was not served with pasta products\nin Medieval times. Tomatoes are a \"new world\" food and were introduced to\nEurope in the late 15th century by explorers. About pasta.\n\n\"Ravioli: the archtypal stuffed pasta of the western world, can be presumed to\nbe Italian in origin but had started to appear as far away as England by the\n14th century (when the Forme of Cury gave a recipe for rauioles), and was\nknown in the south of France in medieval times. So far as Italy is concerned,\nthe earliest records of ravioli seem to be in some of the 140,000 preserved\nletters of Francesco di Marco, a merchant of Prato in the 14th century. They\nare described as being stuffed with pounded pork, eggs, cheese, parsley, and\nsugar; while in Lent a filling of herbs, cheese, and spices was used. There\nwere both sweet and savoury kinds...\" ---The Oxford Companion to Food, Alan\nDavidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 655)\n\n\"The small, stuffed Italian shapes such as a ravioli and tortellini (both\nattested from the middle of the thirteenth century) also had parallels\nelsewhere, including China (won ton), Russia (pel'meni), Tibet (momo), and in\nthe Jewish kitchen, (kreplachs). It has been suggested that some of the forms\nmay have originated in the Near East and been transmitted in an arc from\nthere, which would certainly be consistent with the general historical\npattern.\" ---Food in History, Reay Tannahill [Three Rivers Press:New York]\n1988 (p. 236)\n\n\"The history of ravioli is quite old. Leaving aside for the moment as to\nwhether the Central Asian manti can be considered a ravioli, the earliest\nevidence we have of ravioli in the Mediterranean is found in the statutes of\nthe Cathedral of Nice in 1233, which report of crosete sui rafiole', a ravioli\npie...\" ---A Mediterranean Feast, Clifford A. Wright [William Morrow:New York]\n1999 (p. 298)\n\n\"According to the sixteenth-century Italian historians, we owe pasta stuffed\nwith chopped meat or herbs, cheese or even fish to a peasant woman of Cernusco\ncalled Libista...The ravioli of the fourteenth-century cookery books were\nusually deep-fried, like fritters...in its early days ravioli generally meant\na stuffing made of meat, cheese, eggs and herbs wrapped in dough, a dish like\nmodern canneloni...one of the oldest recipes of the kind [1481], for tortelli'\nin the Assissi manner'. These tortelli' do not even use a dough wrapping for\nthe stuffing; the instructions are simply to roll the chopped meat mixture in\nflour. This coating of flour, having absorved the fat from the chopped meat,\nwould have coagulated slightly in the hot broth into which the tortelli were\nput to be cooked...Raviolo were eaten at banquets too, and were clearly very\npopular in Prato. They were not served alone, but as a garnish to a torta made\nof several layers of pastry filled with chicken fried in oil, garlic sausage,\nravioli stuffed wtih ham, almonds, and dates. Pastry lid covered the whole\ntorta, and it was cooked in the embers.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne\nToussaint-Samat [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992(p. 193)\n\n\"Ravioli. The world may derive form the Latin rabiola...whos shape was\nimitated in the ravioli, or from ravolgere (to wrap). The city of Cremona\nclaims to have created ravioli. But Genoa claims them, too, insisting the word\nactually dates to their dialect word for the pasta, rabiole, which means\n\"something of little value\" and supposedly came from the practice of thrifty\nsailors who stuffed any and all leftovers into pasta to be used for another\nmeal.\" ---Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway\nBooks:New York] 1998 (p. 213)\n\n> 15th century Italian Ravioli recipe \"Ravioli. Get a pound and a half of old\n> cheese and a little new creamy cheese, and a pound of porkbelly or loin of\n> veal that should be boiled until well cooked, then grind it up well; get\n> well ground fragrant herbs, pepper, cloves, ginger and saffron, adding in a\n> well ground breast of capon, and mix in all of this together; make a thin\n> dough and wrap nut-sized amounts of the mixture in it; set these ravioli to\n> cook in the fat broth of a capon or of some other good meat, with a little\n> saffron, and let them boil for half an hour; then dish them out, garnishing\n> them with a mixture of grated chreese and good spices.\" ---The Neapolitan\n> Recipe Collection, Cuoco Napoletano [Martino], Critical edition and English\n> translation by Terence Scully [University of Michigan Press:Ann Arbor] 2000\n> (p. 177) [NOTE: This book contains the original Latin text. If you need this\n> ask your librarian can help you obtain a copy.]\n\nRelated foods? Toasted ravioli (St. Louis), Jewish Kreplach & Chinese Wontons.\n\nSpaghetti & meatballs Who invented spaghetti & meatballs? The answer to this\nquestion depends upon how strictly you want to define these two foods. Both\npasta and meatballs [ground meat mixed with cereal/spice fillers, also known\nas sausage or forcemeat] date back to ancient times. They were foods that\nevolved independently across many cultures and cuisines. Meat filled lasagne\nand ravioli were quite popular in Medieval Europe, although they were not\nserved with tomatoes at this time. Tomato sauce was introduced in the 18th\ncentury.\n\nAbout spaghetti Pasta, in many forms, has been around for thousands of years.\nIn the beginning, ancients rolled pasta by hand into long, flat shapes,\nsimilar to modern lasagne. Other shapes became possible/popular as technology\nadvanced. Vermicelli and other long noodles were made in ancient days, though\nevidence from old cook books suggests they were thicker than the products we\neat today. Very thin spaghettis (including angel hair, capellini) were first\nintroduced in the 19th century because they required more sophisticated\nmachines than the pasta presses used in Thomas Jefferson's day for production.\nNaples, Italy is generally acknowledged for its long tradition of spaghetti\nmaking.\n\nFood historians generally agree that the pasta we know today as spaghetti is a\nrelatively new invention, dating back to the early 19th century. Spaghetti\nserved with meat in tomato sauce most likely originated in Naples. Late 19th\nand early 20th century American cook books often refer to recipes for\nspaghetti and meat sauce as Neapolitan spaghetti. The meats used in these\nrecipes are usually ham, sausage and bacon (traditional Italian fare). Recipes\nfor spaghetti and [ground beef] meatballs begin to show up in American\ncookbooks during World War II.\n\n\"Spaghetti...commonly said to account for more than two-thirds of the whole\nannual consumption of pasta, is certainly its most popular form...but by no\nmeans the oldest. Indeed, until the introduction of extrusion presses, and\nespecially of the powerful machines which were introduced in the latter part\nof the 19th century...its production was a laborious business. Macaroni,\ntubular and hollow, was easier to make without modern machinery, and its name\nwas sometimes used in a generic way for pasta...The names of the Italian\nspaghetti dishes which are now known worldwide are of relatively recent birth.\nIt might be thought that spaghetti and tomato sauce, perhaps the simplest\ncombination, would go a long way back. However, the first documented tomato\nsauce for pasta appears in Ippolito Cavalcanti's Cucina teorico pratica of\n1839...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 1999 (p. 740)\n\n\"1819--In the Dizionario della Lingua Italiana by Nicol Tommaseo and Bernardo\nBellini, the term spaghetto, \"singolare maschile diminutivo di SPAGO\"\n(masculine, singular diminutive for SPAGO) includes the entry, \"Minestra di\nspaghetti: che sono paste della grossezza di un piccolo spago e lunghe, come i\nsopraccapellini\" (spaghetti soup: pasta, the thickness of a small twine and\nlong).\" Professional Pasta [NOTE: site no longer connects, 4 April 2009]\n\n\"Spaghetti was first produced on a large scale in Naples in 1800, with the aid\nof wooden screw presses, and the long strings were hung out to dry in the sun.\nThe dough was kneaded by hand until 1830, when a mechanical kneading trough\nwas invented and widely adopted throughout Italy...\" ---Extraordinary Origins\nof Everyday Things, Charles Panati [Harper Row:New York] 1987 (p. 406)\n\nSpaghetti in America Many colonial American cookbooks contain recipes for\nmacaroni. Although recipes for sauce were also included, none of these books\ncombined these two ingredients. Tomato [aka tomata sauce] recipes listed in\nthese books were intended for meat, soup or a served as a side dish. Macaroni\nrecipes called for cheese or white sauce. Beginning about the 1880's, American\ncookbooks began including recipes for spaghetti, some combined with tomato\nsauce and meat.\n\n\"Pasta came to America with the early Spanish settlers. In the USA the first\nnotable introduction was due to Thomas Jefferson...However, it was really the\nmassive late 19th-century immigration from Italy, and especially from Naples,\nwhich made pasta popualr in the USA. Consequently, N. American ways of\npreparing pasta are essentially derived from Italian ones, although displaying\nvariations such as spagehtti with meatballs.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food,\nAlan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 581) [NOTE: this book\noffers much more information on the history of pasta]\n\n\"Spaghetti...became as \"naturalized\" as did any Italian-American between the\nend of the nineteenth century and the beginning of World War II. It became a\nrepast first accepted by nonconformists...New York's Little Italy, where\nspaghetti dinner was cheap, filling, and redolent of good flavours not to be\nfound elsewhere...American \"bohemians\" joined Italians in preparing spaghetti\nin their own kitchens, buying the pasta from immigrant grocers...\" ---American\nFood: The Gastronomic Story, Evan Jones, 2nd ed.[Vintage Books:New York] 1981\n(p. 151-2)\n\n\"In the beginning (around the turn of the century) Italian-America restaurants\ndid not serve meatballs with their spaghetti. These were added to satisfy\nAmerca's hunger for red meat.\" ---American Century Cookbook: The Most Popular\nRecipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997(p.\n183)\n\nSpaghetti recipes through time ...note many similar recipes printed in these\nbooks still called for macaroni or vermicelli\n\n[1884] Boston Cooking School Cook Book, Mrs. D. A. Lincoln --Spaghetti: boil,\nserve with cream, or tomato sauce, cheese, and crumbs (p. 309)\n\n[1902] With a Saucepan over the Sea, Adelaide Keen --Spaghetti (prevailing\nmethod all over Italy): chopped ham, onion, stewed tomatoes (p. 144)\n--Spaghetti (Amalfi): casserole with Parmesean cheese, hard boiled egg yolks &\npuff paste (p. 145)\n\n[1912] Simple Italian Cookery, Antonia Isola --Spaghetti with tunny-fish: tuna\nfish & tomato sauce (p. 12)\n\n[1922] \"Meat balls and spaghetti A meal that will 'hit the spot' on a cool\nfall or winter day. Boil 1 package American Beauty Spaghetti until tender\n(almost 15 minutes). Break 3/8 pound of dry bread into small pieces and put\ninto 3/4 cup hot water, allow bread to soften, then squeeze out water. Put 1/2\npound chuck beef, 1/4 pound shoulder pork and 2 slices onion thru a meat\nchopper. Mix with bread, 1 beaten egg, 2 tablespoons chopped parsley, 1 1/2\nteaspoons salt, 1/8 teaspoon pepper, and 1/4 pound grated cheese. Form into\nballs. Fry balls in olive oil. Serve with spaghetti and tomato sauce.\"\n---display ad, Amerian Beauty Macaroni Products, The Hutchinson News [Kansas],\nOcboter 27, 1922 (p. 10)\n\n[1924] Mrs. Allen on Cooking, Ida Baily Allen --Spaghetti Italian: ground\nbacon/salt pork, mushrooms, onions in the tomato sauce (p. 178) --Escalloped\nspaghetti, tomato, and cheese: spaghetti casserole, no meat (p. 179)\n\n[1944] Good Housekeeping Cook Book --Neapolitan spaghetti with meat balls:\nground beef meatballs (p. 388) --Genoese spaghetti: cubed steak, mushrooms &\nonions (p. 386)\n\nCommercial production Food historians tell us that the technology for mass-\nproducing pasta and canned tomato products existed in the middle of the 19th\ncentury. Primary evidence (cookbooks, food advertisements) confirms spaghetti\nwas prepared and consumed by the American public in the late 1800s and early\n20th century. \"Global penetration\" of many Italian food products occured at\nthis time because that's when people from this country immigrated in large\nnumbers to other parts of the world, most notably America. This explains why\nmany of our American pasta/tomato sauce companies were founded in the\nbeginning decades of the 20th century. Pizza has a similar history.\n\nTomato paste/sauce manufacturers [1918]: Contadina\n\nAbout canned spaghetti products The earliest print references we find (so far)\nfor USA canned spaghetti products are from the 1910s. This popular product was\nsold over the years by many companies under different brandnames; some using\ncreative formats.\n\n[1913] \"Heinz Spaghetti, 15 cents.\"---display ad, Washington Post, December\n23, 1913 (p. 5)\n\n[1922] US Patent & Trademark database with registration #0399825 for a product\nline under the brand name PLEE-ZING, which offered a canned prepared spaghetti\nproducts (with and without meatballs) in December, 1922.\n\n[1965] Campbell's Spaghettios were introduced October 19, 1965, U. S. Patent\nand Trademark Office, registration #72247002.\n\nSpaghetti Carbonara Our survey of mid-20th century Italian-American cookbooks\nidentifies several recipes approximating Spaghetti (linguine, noodles, pasta)\n\"alla Carbonara.\" The closest modern recipe in this creamy-cheesy-egg yolk\ngenre is Fettuccini Alfredo, a USA celebrity endorsed favorite from the 1920s.\nThe primary difference between Alfredo and Carbonara is the latter features\nbacon or related cured pork product. Curiously (by today's standards), early\nrecipes do not address the origin of the name. We wonder: was that because\neveryone back then \"knew\" what the name meant? Presumably, the appelation\n\"carbonara\" was selected for a reason.\n\nWhat's in a name? \"Carbonara, alla. \"Charcoal style.\" A Roman pasta\npreparation usually made with spaghtetti sauce with cream, pancetta, pecorino,\nand parmigiano onto which a raw egg is dropped and cooked by the heat of the\npasta itself. It is then tossed and served with plenty of black pepper. The\norigin of the name has never been established. Some believe it refers to black\nspaghetti made with squid ink by Roman cooks in the seafood market, others to\na 19th -century radical group called I Carbonari. Still others believe it was\na dish created by the coal miners on the mountains betwen Abruzzo and Lazio.\nOf the name may simply describe the look of the cooked bits of pancetta in the\npreparation.\" ---The Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani\n[Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 61)\n\n\"A short while ago an acquaintance told us an amusing story about the origins\nof spaghetti carbonara, which means spaghetti charcoal-burner-style. It had to\ndo with an American soldier aksing for an egg noodle dish in Italy during\nWorld War II. The waiter did not wholly comprehend his request and had the\nchef prepare him a noodle dish with raw eggs. It still left the origin of the\nname corbonara unexplained. Now a letter from a reader in Manhattan to\ncontradict the egg noodle history plus an explanation of the name: 'The legend\nI grew up on was that the dish was created by Garibaldi's troops during the\nwar for Italy's unification in the 1850s, the Risorgimento. Lacking the pther\nmeans for cooking, the soldiers prepared their spaghetti over a charcoal fire,\nhence the name carbonara. Nicholas SA. Osgan of New YOrk has proposed an\ninteresting association of recipe names: 'I don't know why spaghetti carbobara\nis called carbonara either. Except that, all carbonara dishes, carbonade doe\nboeuf Flamand, cargbonade de boeuf Provencal, have one common ingredient--a\nlot of sauteed onions,w hich is the one theing you left out of your spaghetti\nrecipe.' The relation --if any--of carbonara to carbonnades (or carbonades) is\nsomething to ponder at a later date. On the other hand, I have never\nencountered a dish for spaghetti carbonara nor a recipe for it that included\nonions in large or small amounts. Carbonnades a la flamande, of course, to\nrequire almost a smuch weight in onions a s in meat. Carbonnades in the style\nof Nimes (France) is a stew made with lamb or mutton, and onions, in small\nquantity, are among the ingredients. They are not predominant, however. A\nManhattan reader offers her great-trandmother's theory on the name's origin\nplus her great-grandmother's recipe: She writes, 'According to my great-\ngrandmother, who is 92 years young and an authority on most things Italian,\nlinguine alla carbonara refers to both a secret society that at one time tried\nto overthrow the Italian government and to men who work with coal.\" ---\"De\nGustibus: Cooking Up True Story of Spaghetti Carbonara,\" Craig Claiborne, New\nYork Times, June 13, 1977 (p. 48) [NOTE: Article includes recipe from the 92\nyear old Italian grandmother. Let us know if you want it.]\n\nThe earliest (Italian-American) recipe we find for Spaghetti Carbonara was\npublished in 1957. The source may surprise you: Lettitia Baldrige (aka \"Miss\nManners\"). Ms. Baldridge traveled in powerful circles both domestically and\nabroad. Famous for teaching political protocol and mentoring social etiquette,\nMs. Baldridge's credentials were impeccable. We have no doubt her recipe,\nshared below, is authentic.\n\n> [1957] \"Recipes and reunions were among the topics dicussed by Miss Lettia\n> Baldridge of New York City...Under the topic of reunions, Miss Baldridge, an\n> active member of the American Committee on Italian Migration, discussed the\n> implementation of new legistlation recently passed by Congress which permits\n> the reunion of families in America. As a result of the committee's work,\n> 20,000 Italians over and above the quota, will enter the country this year.\n> On the lighter side, it was the recipe for Spaghetti ala Carbonara that Tish\n> Baldridge passed on to John. It was during her three years as secretary to\n> Clare Booth Luce, former United States ambassador to Italy, that Tish\n> acquired many Italian recipes. Made by the Italian women early in the\n> morning, it is heaped into their husbands; lunch pails and still hot, makes\n> a hearty mid-day meal for the working man. Here's the recipe:\n>\n> \"Spaghetti Ala Carbonara 1 package of regular spaghetti, added in large\n> kettle of vigourously boiling salted water. Srir constantly with wooden\n> spoon for about eight minutes until the spaghetti is soft. Drain spaghetti\n> thoroughly and return to kettle. Add: 4 raw eggs 1 heaping cup of freshly\n> grated Parmesan cheese 8 pieces of bacon, with grease, fried and broken into\n> pieces. 1/8 cup of butter Lots of freshly grated pepper. Stir and simmer\n> over very low heat for just a few minutes, enough to heat through. Serve\n> while piping hot.\" ---\"Recipes and Reunions,\" Post Standard [Syracuse NY],\n> November 2, 1957 (p. 5)\n>\n> [1962] The earliest recipe we find for this dish printed in a USA cookbook\n> is from 1962. The dish (by name, method, ingredients) is absent from\n> Pellegrino Artusi's Italian Cook Book [1945], Maria Lo Pinto's Art of\n> Italian Cooking [1953] and Ada Boni's Talisman Italian Cook Book [1955,\n> sponsored by Ronzoni to promote products].\n>\n> \"Spaghetti all Carbonara Spaghetti with ham-egg sauce 3 slices bacon, cut\n> julienne 4 tablespoons butter 1/2 cup julienne-cut prosciutto 2 egg yolks 1\n> cup grated Parmesan cheese 1 pound spaghetti, cooked and drained Brown the\n> bacon in the butter; mix in the ham until lightly browned. Beat the egg\n> yolks, then stir in 1/4 cup of the cheese. Toss the hot spaghetti with bacon\n> mixture, then immediately with the egg yolk mixture. Serve quickly sprinkled\n> with the remaining cheese. Serves: 4-6.\" ---The Pleasures of Italian\n> Cooking, Romeo Salta [Macmillan:New York] 1962 (p. 78)\n\nPeaches Origin & diffusion \"Wild peach trees still grow in China, the original\nhome of the peach...Well before the 10th century BC (some suggest much\nearlier) improved varieties were being cultivated. Peaches are easily raised\nfrom seed, and cultivation spread westwards through areas with suitable\nclimate, such as Kashmir, to Persia. It flourished there so well that it came\nto be regarded as a native Persian fruit...In classical antiquity Theophrastus\n(c. 370-c. 288 BC) was the first writer to mention the peach. Despite the\nclear lack of evidence, it is widely assumed that it was Alexander the Great\nwho brought it to Greece from Persia. Pliny (1st century AD) mentioned half a\ndozen types, e.g. the peaches of Gaul (France) and the Asiatic ones, and\ndeclared the fruit to be particularly wholesome. Generally, it seems to have\nbeen the Romans who spread the peach further north and west. Much later, in\nthe 16th century, it was the Spaniards who took it to America. The 16th\ncentury used also to be thought of as the the time when the peach reached\nEngland. However...there is much evidence, including the supply of two peach\ntrees in the Tower of London in 1275 and a reference by Chaucer (1372), to\nshow that it was being grown there much earlier...But it seems that peach-\ngrowing was discontinued for a time, and that it was in the 16th century that\nthe fruit was reintroduced from France and the Netherlands.\" ---Oxford\nCompanion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p.\n588)\n\n\"The peach was the object of a sort of cult in China, where for poets,\nsculptors and painters it was a symbol of immortality, despite the fact that\nit grows on a short-lived tree...Friends gave each other peaches, real or in\nporcelain, to attest to their affection. The veneration accorded the peach no\ndoubt arose from its ancient and peculiary Chinese character, for it is\nbelieved to have originated in China, where it is called tao. Chinese writings\ncontain references to the peach dating form 2000 B.C. (Dubious) and from the\nfifth century B.C. (trustworthy), including some from the works of Confucious,\nat least three centuries before we hear of this fruit from anywhere else.\nPeach trees are found growing wild in China, and I think nowhere\nelse...Chinese world-peach trees are apt to be gnarled and squat, their fruit\nis small and the pit large, but the flesh is exquisite in flavor. Chinese\npeach trees breed from seed, which is not the case for peach trees anywhere\nelse in the world, justifying the belief that all peaches except those of\nChina are hybrids, and therefore probably alien to the areas in which they are\nfound. It was long thought that the peach originated in Persia (where it does\nnot grow wild), and indeed its scientific name is Prunus persica, because it\nwas from Persia that the ancient Romans imported the fruit, and from the\nRomans that we first hear about it. They could not have known that Persia had\nacquired it, across a good deal of intervening territory, from China, a\ncountry whose existence they did not suspect...The Romans could not have known\nabout the peach at the beginning of the second century B.C., for if they had,\nCato would certainly have mentioned it; and though the Asian Army brought back\nmany new foods from the East when it returned to Italy in 185 B.C. it is\ndoubtful that the peach was among them. Pliny wrote about it in the first\ncentury A.D., called it the Persian apple...and said that the Romans had\nimported it from Persia for the first time only shortly before--apparently by\na very indirect route, for he added that the trees were first planted in Egypt\n(where we never hear of them again) and then on the island of Rhodes, but bore\nnot fruit in either place...The peach seems never to have achieved a foothold\nin ancient Grecce, but in Rome several varieties were developed...The peach\nwas not common in Rome either, for Pliny says it was hard to grown in Italy,\nso the Romans imported it from Persia, which made it expensive.\" ---Food: An\nAuthoritative and Visual History and Dictionary of Foods of the World, Waverly\nRoot [Smithmark:New York] 1980 (p. 327)\n\nChina \"Domestication of the peach (t'ao) is usually placed in temperate China,\nwith most authorities favoring northern and/or western China, especially its\nhill and mountain regions, including Tibet...The ancient Chinese looked to the\nwest as the home of the peach, and specifically the K'un-lun Shan, those\nranges of Central Asia...Whatever the exact time and place of its\ndomestication, the peach has been known in China since great antiquity, wieth\nremains found in archeological sites in Chekaing that may date as early as the\nfourth or fifth millennium B.C....Today the peach is a typical crop of\nnorthern China...The peach tree has been surrounded with greater mysticism in\nChina than any other plant, cherished for its delicious fruit and beautiful\nflowers, important in symbolism and ritual, and frequently mentioned in\nliterature and depicted in art...Because of this...the peach deserves first\nplace in any list of classical Chinese fruits. The traditional Chinese viewed\nthe peach as symbolic of long life and immortality, and various dieties and\nillustrious persons of the past are depicted as carrying the shou-t'ao, \"peach\nof immortality.\"...The Chinese also considered peach wood...protective against\nevil spirits, who held the peach in awe. In ancient China, peach-wood bows\nwere used to shoot arrows in every direction in an effort to dispel evil...In\nmodern China, little mysticism is associated with the peach, but on New Year's\nEve people sometimes suspended a peach spray over their gates, and used peach\nbrances to sprinkle water on the ground around the house as protection against\nevil spirits.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry, Frederick\nJ. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1991 (p. 217-8)\n\nIndia \"Peach. Prunus persica developed from the same ancestral materials as\nthe cherry, plum, apricot and almond; the diversions occurred somewhere in\neastern China, wherre the peach was developed. Xuan Zang pointed out the\nChinese origin of the peach during his travels in India in the early seventh\ncentury AD, and stated that it was then being brought into India from Kashmir.\nThe Sanskrit name chinani reflects this origin. The Mughals made efforts to\ngrow this semitropical fruit in the country, and by the time of Akbar,\naccording to the Ain-i-Akbari, peaches...are to be found everywhere', while\nits grafting on plum trees was also being explored.\" ---A Historical\nDictionary of Indian Food, K.T. Achaya [Oxford University Press:Delhi] 1998\n(p. 180-1)\n\nPeaches in the New World \"The Romans introduced the fruit [peach] to Europe,\nand the Spaniards introduced it to the new world. In fact, peaches were\ngrowing so widely in eastern North America by the time of the American\nRevoultion that many assumed the fruit to be an American native.\" ---Cambridge\nWorld History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge\nUniverstiy Press:Cambridge] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1830)\n\nHow were peaches used in early America? Directions for Cookery/Eliza Leslie\n[Philadelphia] 1840, lists these peach recipes: Peach sauce Peach leaves\n(flavoring) Peach kernels (substitute for almonds or bitter almonds,\nflavoring) Pickled peaches & Peach pickles (Cling or Free Stones) Preserved\npeaches Peaches for common use Brandy peaches Peach marmalade Peach jelly\nDried peaches Peach leather Peach pie Peach custard Peach-water (flavoring)\nPeach filling (for jelly cake) Peach cordial Peach mangoes\n\nRelated fruit? Apricots.\n\nPears in syrup Food historians trace the practice of cooking pears in syrup to\nAncient Rome and Greece. It continued to be favorite of Medieval cooks. This\nwas an expensive dish, gracing the tables of the wealthy.\n\n\"The flavor of cooked pears is often improved by the addition of, e.g., red\nwine, almonds or vanilla.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 590)\n\nThe Romans ate pears, like apples, both raw and cooked. The less exquisite\nfruits were made into perry, or into pear vinegar...The Byzantines feasted on\npears in jelly, pear preserves, pears cooked in wine or in ocxymel (a syrup of\nvinegar and honey). The Roman spread the cultivation of the pear.\" ---History\nof Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble\nBooks:New York] 1992 (p. 637)\n\n\"Pears in Greek-Wine Syrup. Pears in Syrup. Take pears and peel them\nthoroughly. Take good red wine and some mulberries [blackberries] or\nsandalwood, and put in the pears, and when they are done remove them. Make a\nsyrup of Greek wine or vernage with white powder, or white sugar and powdered\nginger, and put the pears in it. Boil briefly and serve...During this period,\n\"vernage\"--vernaccia in Italian--was produced in the southeastern Mediterrean,\non the Tyrrhenian isalnds and in Liguria. Today it is one of the best known\nwines of Sardinia. It is made in sweet versions that can, like Tokay, attain\n15 or 16 percent alcohol, and in dry versions. It is similar in flavor to\nsherry. This vernaccia should not be confused with Vernaccia di San Gimignano,\na dry white wine made...of a different but identically named grape...Wild\nberries, early-season pears and good wine, all simmered together; then cook\npears, translucent and glazed in sweet wine syrup, mounded in a pyramid: this\nis a lordly dessert. Bright red, amber and dark red merge as the fruit is\nglazed. Here hue is as important as aroma and flavor, and the blackberries are\nused more for their color than for their taste; indeed, the recipe offers the\nalternative of sandalweed, a common medieval \"artificial\" coloring.\" ---The\nMedieval Kitchen: Recipes from France and Italy, Odile Redon et al [University\nof Chicago Press:Chicago] 1998 (p. 213) [NOTE: This book contains a modernized\nrecipe.]\n\n\"Pears in Syrup. This paragraph on preparing pears in a honey syrup appears\namong a number of similar directions for fruits and vegetables in a \"recipe\"\nwhose general theme is the preserving, or rather conserving, of these fruits\nand vegetables. The Menagier assimilates pears and turnips; except that\nturnips should be \"peeled\" and pears should not, he indicates an identical\ntreatment for such. The variety of pear known in the Menagier's day as poires\nd'angoisse were probably rather hard when ripe, a good cooking pear. A few\npages after writing this recipe, the author copies another one for pears\ncooked in a waterless pot--likely a clay baking pot similar to those available\ntoday. These pears he garnishes with fennel seeds cooked in red wine.\"\n---Early French Cookery: Sources, History, Original Recipes and Modern\nAdaptations, D. Eleanor Scully and Terence Scully [University of Michigan\nPress:Ann Arbor MI] 1995. This scholarly work contains a wealth of information\nregarding the foods, recipes, and dining customs of Medieval France.(P. 291)\n[NOTES: (1) \"The Menagier\" is a 14th century French cookbook. (2)Scully's book\ncontains both original recipe and modern adaptation of the recipe noted\nabove.]\n\nPepper Black (and white) pepper comes from the dried, unripe fruit of the\nPiper nigrum plant. It is a tropical plant, native to the East Indies. In\nancient times, pepper was prized both as a medicine and food flavoring.\nSymbolically, pepper was a sign of wealth; practically, pepper was offered as\npayment and gifts. In early times, to receive a gift of pepper was a great\nhonor. Pepper is also connected with some traditional Christmas foods dating\nback to Medieval times. Why? Cooks through time saved their most precious\ncommodities for the holidays. Northern European pepperkor and peppernut\ncookies are of this tradition. Gingerbread and lebkuchen were also made with\npepper in these early days.\n\nBlack, white, green & pink pepper\n\n\"Peppercorns come in three colours. Unripe, they are 'green'--and green\npeppercorns began to enjoy considerable popularity from the early 1970s, for\nthe combination of heat, aroma, and soft crunchiness that they brought to\nsauces, terrines, etc. Picked slightly underripe, dried, and sold without\ntheir husks removed, they are 'black'. And fully ripe and dehusked they are\n'white'. None of these, incidentally, should be confused with the so-called\n'pink peppercorn', for which there was a brief fashion in the early 1980s;\nthis superficially resembles the true peppercorn, but is in fact related to\npoison ivy.\" ---An A to Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 250)\n\n\"Peppercorn--piper nigrum is a vine--native to the East Indies...The Greeks\nand Romans accepted peppercorns as a tribute, and the spice was certainly the\nbasis for much of the \"lure of the east\" that impelled first the Portuguese\nand then other European explorers around Africa toard the fabled Spice\nIslands.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild\nConee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume Two (p.\n1832) [According to this source, pepper originated in prehistoric India.]\n\n\"Pepper became known in classical Greece around 400 BC; it is first mentioned\nby the comic playwrights Antiphanes, Eubulus and Alexis and in a Hippocratic\ntext. Dilphius of Siphnos, recommending pepper with scallops in the early\nthird century BC, provdes the oldest positive evidence of the use of pepper as\na condiment...Pepper was the quintessential spice of the Indian Ocean trade in\nRoman times. It was for pepper, more than any other single product, that Roman\ngold and silver coins were exported to India; pepper, when it reached Rome,\nwas stockpiled as another kind of currency in the treasury an in the horrea\npiperatoria 'pepper warehouses' built by Domitian. But it was for use as well\nas for storing. For those who could afford this costly exotic, pepper is\ncalled for no fewer than 452 times in the recipes of Apicus.\" ---Fodo in the\nAncietn World From A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 254-255)\n\n\"As several Sanskrit texts show, the use of pepper by the peoples of India\ngoes farther back than that of any other spice. The various forms of its name\nin the European languages, apart from Spanish...are from an Aryan vocable,\npippeli, originating in the valley of the Ganges. The Aryans were the first\nexporters of wild pepper from the tropical forests of the Indian subcontinent.\nUnlike cinnamon and indeed all other spices, pepper was used in foods in\nEurope as soon as it was introduced, around the sixth or fifth century BC,\nalthough Hippocrates, the first European writer to describe it, mentions it as\na medicament rather than a culinary ingredient...Like all spices, pepper was\ncredited with health-giving properties,especially as a digestive, an aperient,\nto induce sneezing, and-most important of all-as an aphrodesiac. Its rapid\nrise to favour is unprecedented among spices. Pliny expresses his surprise at\nthe fact six centuries later in Book XII of his Natural History; its only\npleasing quality is its 'pungency', it is bought by weight like gold or\nsilver'...The pepper the Romans like so much was 'long pepper', whereas we now\nuse round pepper, which became popular in the twelfth century and had replaced\nlong pepper by the fourteenth...\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-\nSamat [Barnes & Noble:New York] 1992 (p.491)\n\n\"Pepper, more than any other spice, being stronger and more abundant than the\nothers, came to be seen as a symbol of power and virility, quantities\nreflected in its powerful and aggressive flavour. The symbolic factor rated\nhigh, since in huge amounts, which could hardly all have been consumed, would\nhave been bound to go stale. In the same way, pepper, described as a useful'\nrent or due, was included among the sources presented to overlords in the\nMiddle Ages, but it was generally specified separately, as a true determinant\nof workd of the act of vassalage. A French proverb says that something is\n\"cher comme poiver,\" expensive as pepper. Pepper was often mentioned in\ndowries and as part of ransoms and fines. These symbolical meanings meet in\nthe pepper in the Christmas 'tax' imposed by Archbishops Bertrand and Rostaing\nde Noves.\" ---ibid (p. 493)\n\n\"There are numerous references to pepper by classical authors. Pliny (1st\nCentury AD) describes black pepper minutely, complaining about the price and\nnoting that white pepper cost almost twice as much as black. Pepper was a\nprecious and expensive substance for the Romans...By the Middle Ages, pepper\nhad assumed great importance in Europe where it was used by the rich as a\nseasoning, and also a preservative...The earliest reference to the pepper\ntrade in England is in the statutes of Ethelred (978-1016) where it was\nenacted that Esterlings' bringing their ships to Billingsgate should pay a\ntoll at Christmas and at Easter plus 10lb of pepper. The first mention of the\nGuild of Pepperers, one of the oldest guilds in the City of London, is from\n1180...Pepper has been one of the most important commodities of the spice\ntrade. In Antwerp in the mid-16th century...the price of pepper served as a\nbarometer for European business in general...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food,\nAlan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 595)\n\nAbout pepper mills \"Pepper mill...In the 1880s Americans, used to using pepper\nshakers at the table, seemed to find the French use of pepper mills a novel\ngood idea, for flavor and to avoid adulterated packaged ground pepper. This\nwas about 1880. Many styles of carved or turned hardwood mills were offered in\nthe 1920s...Pepper mill, brass (sometimes copper & brass) cylinder with domed\ntop, longish, slightly bent crank handle in top, very common form. Actually\nstarted out sometime in the early 19th C. As a coffee mill, from\nPersia/Turkey. Usually has decorative bands around part of body...At some\npoint in the 20th C., people either started using them as pepper mills, or\nmaking similar ones for that use.\" ---300 Years of Kitchen Collectibles, Linda\nCampbell Franklin, 5th ed.[Krause Publications:Iola WI] (p. 92)\n\nGround pepper in America: \"Pepper was available in the United States in the\ncolonial period, but it was only after the American Revolution that the United\nStates became a player in the global pepper trade. This trade began in 1793\nwhen Jonathan Carnes, a Salem, Massachusetts, sea captain, set sail for the\nEast Indies. He was successful in finding pepper, but on his way home his ship\nwas wrecked off Bermuda. He sailed to the Indies in 1795 on a new ship...and\nreturned with his hold full of peppercorns--which he sold at a 700 percent\nprofit. Others followed and Salem became the pepper port of note in the new\nUnited States...In the early nineteenth century some regarded pepper as a\ncause of insanity. Pepper in any case was shunned by food purists, who thought\nthat the spice should be avoided or, at least, used in moderation. By the\npast-Civil War period, pepper was considered more acceptable, but it was still\nto be avoided by children or by those who already had a \"sound digestion\" and\ndid not need condiments.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America,\nAndrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2004, Volume 2 (p.\n254)\n\nAbout fresh ground pepper served in American restaurants Our survey of\nnewspapers and magazines indicates the practice of offering freshly ground\npepper (at table) to restaurant patrons began sometime in late 1980s. It\nclimaxed in the mid-1990s. By the late '90s, it was *old.* We're not finding\nany particular chef/restaurant/culture/cuisine credited for this innovation.\nIndeed, print sources confirm offerings are all over the map...from upscale\nEuropean restaurants to chain eateries catering to trendy youthful crowds.\n\n\"Black, white and green peppercorns are readily available in the United States\nand are best purchased as whole peppercorns. Unfortunately, the most common\nway pepper is sold in this country is in the ground state. Whole peppercorns\nwill stay fresh for a long time, but ground pepper quickly loses both its\naroma and its flavor. Bottled ground white pepper can even start to taste\nrancid. Using fresh ground pepper is not just a fad started by smart\nrestaurateurs who wanted to improve their salad presentations. Freshly ground\npepper can mean the difference between an ordinary dish and an extraordinary\none. When a recipe calls for freshly ground pepper, it means pepper ground\nfrom a mill by the cook as it is needed. And one of the easiest ways to\nimprove your cooking is to buy whole peppercorns and a pepper mill.\"\n---\"Pepper Puts Dishes on More Flavorful Ground,\" JeanMarie Brownson, Chicago\nTribune, Feb 22, 1987 (p. 18)\n\n\"If fresh-gound pepper and grated cheese are offered at one table, we will be\nsure they are offered to all.\" ---\"Today's Special: Advice for\nRestauranteurs,\" Patricia Brooks, New York Times, January 2, 1994 (p. CN12)\n\n\"'Fresh ground pepper' I liked it better when there was just a simple pepper\nshaker on a table. Then someone came up with the idea of 'fresh ground\npepper,' for which there seems to be only one pepper grinder in the entire\nrestaurant. The waiter asks if we would like some as though we are being\ntempted with saffron or beluga caviar. Once the waiter starts grinding, I've\nbeen tempted not to tell him when to stop, just to see how far he would go.\nGive us either a pepper grinder for each table or give us back the shaker.\nIncidentally, a bit of semantics: What the waiters are really offering us is\n'pepper that is freshly ground,' although we are not sure how fresh the pepper\nis that is being ground. It just doesn't seem worth the trouble.\"\n---\"Disappearing dishes and other pet peeves,\" Errol Laborde, New Orleans\nMagazine, September 1995, (p. 9)\n\nAdditional information: Spice Encyclopedia & A Modern Herbal\n\nRecommended reading: Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices/Andrew Dalby\n\nPickled limes Food historians tell us pickles (fruits and vegetables preserved\nin brine with spices) originated in India. Both limes and lemons were pickled\nwhole. Culinary evidence confirms pickled limes (and lemons) were made by\nBritish cooks in the 18th century. These recipes were introduced to North\nAmerica by English settlers. Early American cookbooks contain many recipes for\npickles. Curiously? Very few contain recipes for pickled limes.\n\nLouisa May Alcott's Little Women suggests pickled limes were fashionable New\nEngland treats in the middle of the 19th century. Amy, the youngest March\ndaughter, was quite fond of these. She did not make her own limes, but\npurchased them from a merchant. In one scene of the book Amy is caught eating\nthese by her teacher. The teacher humiliates Amy by forcing her to throw her\nbeloved limes out of the window, two by two. Passage from Little Women: Amy's\nValley of Humiliation.\n\nLimes \"Lime. An important citrus fruit which seems to have originated in the\nregion of Malaysia. While lemons are the major acid citrus fruits in the\nsubtropics, limes are the most prominent in the tropical regions...It is hard\nto judge when the lime was first taken into cultivation, since the oldest\nsurviving documents do not distinguish it from the other citrus fruits. An\nIndian medical work of C. AD 100 refers to both lemon and lime as jambira. The\nlater Arabic and Persian word, laimun and limun seem also to have been used\nfor both; and most modern names for either come from this root. The lime seems\nnot to have been known in classicat times. Although the westard path of the\nlime in early medieval times is hard to trace, it seems safe to assume that it\nwas carried to Europe by the Arabs; that it was cultivated to some extent in\nItaly and Spain; and that, because it is better suited by a hotter climate,\nsuch is that, soon after the discovery of the New World by Europeans, the lime\nas introduced there along with other citrus fruits, and that limes quickly\nbecame abundant in the W. Indies and C. America, especially Mexico.\" ---Oxford\nCompanion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p.\n453)\n\n\"Like most of the other members of the citrus family, the lime (Citrus\naurantiifolia) is native to Southeast Asia. It was first cultivated in China\nand India, then introduced in southern Europe (probably during the Crusades),\nand carried much later by the Spaniards to the West Indies. The original lime\n--small, round, and quite tart--is today called the \"Mexican,\" \"West Indian,\"\nor \"Key\" lime, with its juice deemed essential to Key lime pies. ..The lime\nand lemon industry of Florida (which provides close to 90 percent of the limes\ngrown in North America) got its start in the 1880s, declined after freezes in\nthe 1890s, and revived after World War I. Limes are very high in vitamin C and\nfigured prominently in warding off scurvy, the dread disease of seamen from\nthe sixteenth through the nineteenth centuries. In the eighteenth century, the\nBritish navy issued lime juice to all seamen to keep the disease at bay--hence\nthe nickname \"limeys.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple &\nKriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume\nTwo (p. 1802)\n\nRecipes through time\n\n> [1747] \"To pickel LEMONS. Take twelve Lemons, scape the with a Piece of\n> broken Glass, then cut them cross in two, four Parts down right, but not\n> quite through, but that they will hang together; then up in as much Salt as\n> they will hold, and rub then well, and strew them over with Salt. Let them\n> lay in an earthen Dish for three days, and turn them every Day; then slit an\n> Ounce of Ginger very think and salted for three Days, twelve Cloves of\n> Garlick parboiled, and satled three Day, a small Handful of Mustard-seeds\n> bruised, and searched through a hair-sieve, some red India Pepper, one to\n> every Lemon; take your Lemons out of the salt, and squeeze them very gently,\n> and put them into a Jar, with the Spice and Ingredients, and cover them with\n> the best White Wine Vinegar. Stop them up very close, and in a Month's time\n> they will fit to eat.\" ---The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy, Hannah\n> Glasse, facsimile 1747 edition [Prospect Books:Devon] 1995 (p. 133)\n>\n> [1845] \"To Pickle Lemons, and Limes. Excellent. Wipe eight fine sound lemons\n> very clean, and make, at equal distances, four deep incisions in each, from\n> the stalk to the blossom end, but without dividing the fruit; stuff them\n> with as much salt as they will contain, lay them into a deep dish, and place\n> them in a sunny window, or in some warm place for a week or ten days,\n> keeping them often turned and basted with their own liquor; then rub them\n> with some good plae turmeric, and put them with their juice, into a stone\n> jar with a small head of garlic, divided into cloves and peeled, and a dozen\n> small onions stuck with twice as many cloves. Boil in two quarts of white\n> wine vinegar, half a pound of ginger slightly bruised, two oundes of whole\n> black pepper, and half a pound of mustard-seed; take them from the fire and\n> pour the directly on the lemons; cover the jar with a plate, and let them\n> remain until the following day, then add to the pickle half a dozen\n> capsicums (or a few chilies, if more convenient), and tie a skin and a fold\n> of thick paper over the jar. Large lemons stuffed with salt, 8: 8 to 10\n> days. Tumeric, 1 to 2 oz; ginger, 1/2 lb; mustard-seed, 1/2 lb.; capsicums,\n> 6 oz.\" ---Modern Cookery for Private Families, Eliza Acton, reprint of 1845\n> London edition with an introduction by Elizabeth Ray [Southover Press:East\n> Sussex 1993 (p. 445)\n>\n> [1861] Book of Household Management, Isabella Beeton (use your browser's\n> \"find\" feature to locate pickled lemons)\n>\n> [1881] \"Pickled Limes.--Make a brine strong enough to float an egg; stick\n> your limes on two sides with a silver fork; then put them in the brine with\n> a weight on the limes to keep them well under the brine; let them stand in a\n> warm place for a week; they are then fit to eat. You can add some red\n> peppers to the brine.--West India Woman\" ---\"Receipts,\" New York Times,\n> August 7, 1881 (p. 9)\n>\n> [1981] \"There are many recipes for pickled lemons and limes. In each you can\n> substitute one for the other. The commonest recipes call for making slits in\n> the fruit without cutting them through. You add salt, which dissolves as it\n> stands. The lemons or limes are left to stand for a considerable period\n> before serving. In India, where pickled lemons and limes--called achar--are\n> served sweet or hot, various spices are added, including cumin, chili pods,\n> mustard seeds, fenugreek and so on.\" ---\"Q & A,\" New York Times, April 1,\n> 1981 (p. C9) [NOTE: achar' simply means pickle, not pickled limes.]\n>\n> [2001] \"PICKLED LEMONS 4 thin-skinned lemons, scrubbed and quartered 1/4 cup\n> kosher salt Juice of 8 or 9 lemons In a 1-quart widemouth jar, combine the\n> lemons and the salt. Add the lemon juice to cover the lemons by 1/2 inch.\n> Cover and store at room temperature, shaking the jar twice a week, for two\n> to three weeks. The lemons are ready when the rind is soft. Discard any skin\n> that might develop on the surface of the jar. If you wish to speed up the\n> pickling process, gently heat the quartered lemons before packing them in\n> lemon juice and salt. To heat, arrange the lemon wedges in a single layer in\n> a microwave-safe dish. Cover with plastic wrap and microwave on high for 30\n> seconds or until the lemons are warm to the touch. Pro ceed as directed\n> above. The lemons will be ready in four to five days.\" ---\"Internet site\n> reveals recipe for Exotic Chicken,\" Geissler Janet, Lansing State Journal,\n> April 9, 2001, Pg. 3D\n\nPickled peppers Peter Piper picks a peck of pickled peppers in the famous\ntongue-twister. What exactly were these?\n\nFood historians tell us pickles, foods preserved in brine or vinegar, have\nbeen known since ancient times. Many foods are treated this way, including\nvegetables (cucumbers, cauliflowers, onions), fruits (limes, mangoes,\nwatermelon rinds), and nuts (walnuts, butternuts) Recipes varied according to\nlocal ingredients and taste. Peppers are a \"New World\" food, introduced to\nEurope in about the 16th century.\n\n\"Chili peppers, both the hot and sweet varieties, which came from South\nAmerica, swept through the Far East and western Europe in the sixteenth\ncentury and became very popular in mixed pickles, their vivid colors\nbrightening up those giant jars of vegetables one still sees displayed in\nshops and markets.\" ---Pickled, Potted, and Canned: How the Art and Science of\nFood Preserving Changed the World, Sue Shepard [Simon & Schuster:New York]\n2000 (p. 97)\n\nRecipes for pickles are found in 17th and 18th century American and British\ncookbooks. Recipes for pickled peppers began appearing in the 19th century. As\none might expect, there were several recipes. The level of \"heat\" was\ncontrolled by the number of seeds left in the pickle. Sample recipes here:\n\n> [1824] \"To Pickle Pepper. Gather the large bell pepper when quite young,\n> leave the seeds in and the stem on, cut a slit in one side, between the\n> large veins, to let the water in; pour boiling salt and water on, changing\n> it every day or three weeks--you must keep them closely stopped; if, at the\n> end of this time, they be a good green, put them in pots and cover them with\n> cold vinegar and a little tumeric; those that are not sufficently green,\n> must be continued under the same process till they are so. Be careful not to\n> cut through the large veins, as the heat will instantly diffused itself\n> through the pod.\" ---The Virginia Housewife, Mary Randoph, originally\n> published in 1824 , with Historical Notes and Commentaries by Karen Hess\n> [University of South Carolina Press:Columbia SC] 1984 (p. 208-9)\n>\n> [1844] \"472. Peppers. Take such as are fresh and green; cut a small slit in\n> them; take the seeds out carefully and neatly with a small knife; and wash\n> them. Pour weak boiling water brine over them, and let them stand four days,\n> renewing the brine daily boiling hot. Chop cabbage fine; season it highly\n> with cinnamon, mace and cloves; and stuff the peppers, adding nasturtiums if\n> liked. Sew them up nicely; and turn the same sharp vinegar boiling hot over\n> them, three successive weeks, adding a little alum the lsat. Tomatoes, if\n> green and small, are good pickled with peppers.\" ---The Improved Housewife,\n> Mrs. A. L. Webster [Richard H. Hobbs:Hartford CT: 1844 ] fifth edition,\n> revised (p. 156)\n>\n> [1850] \"Peppers. Pick the peppers late in the season, just before they begin\n> to turn red; soak them ten days in a strong brine of salt and water; then,\n> if they have a good green color, remove them from the brine to clear cold\n> water, in which let them soak twenty-four hours; if they have not a good\n> green color, they will get it by a scalding in the brine; drain them, and if\n> you wish them very hot, pack them away whole in cold vinegar; if you wish\n> them very mild, remove their seeds--scraping them out through a slit cut in\n> the side of each pepper, and pack them in vinegar. They ought to be good\n> pickles in eight weeks. You may, also, fill the pepper with red cabbage cut\n> finely; they pour boiling vinegar over them,--when cool, pack them in jars,\n> and they will keep for years.\" ---The Practical Cook Book, Mrs. Bliss\n> [Lippincott, Grambo & Co.:Philadelphia] 1850 (p. 104-5)\n>\n> [1857] Bell-Peppbers Pickled. Take fine full-grown bell-peppers. Make a\n> brine in a stone jar of salt and water, strong enough to float an egg; and\n> let the peppers remian in it two days, putting a weight on the cover to keep\n> it down. Then take them out, wash them well in cold water, drain them, and\n> wipe them dry. Cut a slit in the side of each, and extract all the seeds, as\n> if left in, they will be entirely too hot. Through these slits let all the\n> water run out. Put them into a clean stone jar. Boil sufficient of the best\n> cider vinegar, interspersed with the muslin bags of broken-up cinnamon,\n> mace, and nutmeg. Pour it, boiling hot, on the peppers in the jar.\n> Distribute the bags of spice among the peppers, and cork the jar warm. You\n> may stuff the peppers in the manner of mangoes, with pickled red cabbage\n> finely shred, minced onions and minced uccumbers pickled, and seasoned with\n> a little mustard seed, ginger, and mace. Tie up the slit with pack-thread,\n> crossing all round. Fill upt the jars with vinegar, putting sweeet oil on\n> the top. Your mary green bell-peppers in the usual way, with vine leaves or\n> cabbage leaves. All pickles should be kept in a dry place. If you find them\n> mouldy they are not always spoiled. Take them out of the jar, wipe off all\n> the mould carefully, and throw away the vinegar. Wash the jar very clean,\n> scald it, and set it in the sun to purify still more. Make a new pickle with\n> fresh seasoning, and put them into that.\" ---Miss Leslie's New Cookery Book,\n> Eliza Leslie [T.B. Peterson:Philadelphia] 1857 (p. 574)\n>\n> [1859] \"Peppers. Take fresh, hard peppers, soak them in salt and water nine\n> days, changing the brine each day. Let them stand in a warm place. Then put\n> them into cold vinegar. If you wish them very hot, leave in the seeds. If\n> not, take out the seeds of the greatest part of them. If peppers are put\n> into the same jar with cucumbers, the entire strength of them will go into\n> the cucumbers, and they themselves will become nearly tasteless. Half a\n> dozen peppers will improve a jar of cucumbers.\" ---The Young Housekeeper's\n> Friend, Mrs. Cornelius [Taggard and Thompson:Boston] 1859 (p. 182)\n>\n> [1877] \"Pickled Peppers. Take large green ones (the best variety is the\n> sweet pepper). Make a small incision at the side, take out all the seeds,\n> being careful not to mangle the peppers; soak in salt water one or two days,\n> changing water twice; stuff with chopped cabbage, or tomatoes seasoned with\n> spices as for moangoes (omitting the cayenne pepper), or a mixture of\n> nasturtions, chopped onlins, red cabbage, grapes, and cucumbers, seasoned\n> with mustard-seed and a little mace. Sew up incision, place in jar, and\n> cover with cold spiced vinegar.\" ---Buckeye Cookery and Practical\n> Housekeeping, Estelle Woods Wilcox, originally published 1877 Minneapolis MN\n> [Applewood Books:Bedford MA] 2000(p. 230)\n>\n> [1894] \"Capsicums, Pickled. These may be pickled either green or red. They\n> are finest and ripest in the late autumn. It is best to gather the pods with\n> the stalks before they are red, as the rule. Required: capsicums and vinegar\n> to cover them, and a teaspoonful of salt and half an ounce of mace to every\n> quart of vinegar. The vinegar and spice and salt should be poiled together,\n> then pour while hot over the capsicums. They must be tied down with a\n> bladder when cold, and should remain for six weeks before they are untied,\n> as they improve by keeping.\" ---Cassell's New Universal Cookery Book, Lizzie\n> Heritage [Cassell and Company:London] 1894 (p. 1156)\n\nA \"peck,\" by the way, is a British unit of dry measure. It equals\napproximately two gallons.\n\nRelated dishes? Chiles rellenos & American Mangos.\n\nPickles What is a pickle? This simple question does not have a simple answer.\nIt all depends upon how you define the word \"pickle.\" Food historians trace\nthe process of pickling (preserving foods in salt/brine or vinegar) back to\nAncient Egypt. These peoples were known to have pickled fish and melons. If\nyou mean the pickling of cucumbers (what we Americans usually call pickles\ntoday) that practice perhaps dates back to India, about 3,000 years ago. Some\nfood historians say William Beukelz, a Dutch fisherman invented pickled foods\nin the 15th century. Dill pickles were introduced by German immigrants. Sweet\npickles come from Central and northern Europe. Bread & butter pickles are an\nearly 20th century development. Today we have Kool-Aid pickles. In addition to\ntraditional cucumbers, a variety edibles may be pickled. Think: Pickled limes,\npickled peaches, pickled eggs, pickled peppers & pickled fish. What else can\nbe pickled?\n\nWhen did humans begin pickling food & why? \"We know from Herodotus that in the\nfifth century B.C. the Babylonians and Egyptians pickled fish such as\nsturgeon, salmon, and catfish, as well as poultry and geese. (p. 76)...Salt's\ndehydrating properties could...be applied to almost any food...In the hot\nsouthern regions of the Mediterranean, the Middle East and North Africa, fresh\nvine leaves were parboiled and preserved in jars of brine to make stuffed\nvine-leaf dishes such as dolma...(p. 93)...Although the word \"pickle\" is used\nin many different preserving methods, preserving foods in container filled\nwith vinegar is always known as \"pickling.\" ---Pickled, Potted and Canned, Sue\nShepard [Simon & Schuster:New York] 2000 (p. 95)\n\n\"The use of vinegar as a preservative of edibles is very ancient in China and\nwas still common in T'ang times. Vinegar was concocted from a variety of\nsubstances, among them rice, wheat, peaches, and grape juice...Sometimes it\nflavor was enhanced by the addition of such substances as the acidic leaves of\nthe kumquat of south China...This was combined with brine to make the\npreservative...It was used in T'ang and Sung times for preserving duck eggs,\nwhich it turned dark in color. But the most characteristic and traditional\nChinese methods of preserving both vegetables and meats involved pickling by\nsuch processes as fermentation, hydrolysis, and induced decomposition...A very\ntypical species of pickle was called chiang, which has been aptly translated\n'bean-pickle.' ...Pickled vegetables, fermented by microorganisms that thrive\non the lactic acid in plant juices, were called tsu...Varieties appear to have\nbeen diverse and numerous...The word hai was used in T'angtimes for a very\nimportant class of pickled products, which I shall call meat-pickle...The Hsin\nT'ang shu...gives prominence to deer meat-pickle, rabbit meat-pickle, goat (or\nsheep) meat-pickle, and fish meat-pickle in the court cuisine.\" ---Food in\nChinese Culture: Anthroplogical and Historical Perspectives, edited by K. C.\nChang [Yale University Press:New Haven CT] 1977 (p. 113-115) [NOTE: Additional\ninformation on specific Chinese pickles may be found in Food in China: A\nCultural and Historical Inquiry/Frederick J. Simoons.]\n\n\"A Kannada work of AD 1594, the Lingapurana of Gurulinga Desika, describes no\nless than fifty kinds of pickles. By far the most important material for\npickling is raw mangoes (whole baby fruit, wild mangoes, cut slices, or the\nhard fibrous avakkai). Others are limes, lemons, small onions, brinjals,\nchillies, karaunda berries, pork wild boar, prawns and fish...In current\npractice, it is customary to make use of the fire to make a pickle. Thus\nmustard seeds may first be fried in the oil of choice; then the mango or lime\npieces dressed with tumeric and salt are put in and fried till tender, after\nwhich powdered spices (chillies, methi seeds, asafoetida) are added, and the\nmass mixed thoroughly and put by to mature. There are of course numerous\nvariations.\" ---A Historical Dictionary of Indian Food, K.T. Achaya [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Delhi] 1998 (p. 186)\n\nBesides cucumbers, what can be pickled? Historic English and USA cookbooks\nprovide extensive instructions for pickling a wide variety of edibles. Fruits,\nvegetables, flowers, nuts, meats, fish and shellfish could all be pickled,\nthus extending their \"shelf life.\" Most cookbooks offer a section specifically\ntitled \"Pickles.\" Catsups and mixed compositions (chow-chow) are sometimes\nalso included. Instructions for pickling meats (ham, bacon, pork) and fish are\ngenerally included with the meat recipes, not in the pickle chapter. By World\nWar II, the word \"pickle\" by itself generally implies cucumbers. FoodTimeline\nlibrary owns the books listed below. If you want any of these recipes please\nlet us know.\n\n> [1682] Cowcumbers [cucumbers], mushrooms, tops of elder, elder bnuds, clove-\n> gilly-flowers, pursland stalks, artichokes, tops of turnips, green figgs,\n> barbarries red, sampier green, stalks of thessel or sherdowns, reddish tops,\n> taragon, cowslips, fennel, dill, red cabbage, burdock roots, lemmon and\n> orange pill [peel], ashen keys, curled endive, charnel, quinces, bramble-\n> fruit, broom-buds, bog-berries, grapes, red and white currans, cabbage\n> stalks, shampinnions, sleep-at-noon, march-mallows, alexander-buts,\n> mallagatoons. ---The Whole Body of Cookery Dissected, William Rabisha,\n> facsimile 1682 edition [Prospect Books:Devon] 2003 (p. 9-10)\n>\n> [1792] Walnuts (green, white, black), gerkins, large cucumbers in slices,\n> asparagus, peaches, radish pods, french beans, cauliflowers, beet-root,\n> white plums, onions, lemons, mushrooms (white & brown), codlings, fennel,\n> grapes, barberries, red cabbage, golden pippins, nastertium berries and\n> limes, young artichokes, artichoke bottoms, samphire, melon mangoes, elder\n> shoots in the imitation of bamboo, Indian pickle, or picca lillo\n> [piccallilli], red currants, ox palates, cocks combs, purple cabbage,\n> salmon, sturgeon, mackrel called caveach, mock anchovies, smelts, oysters,\n> cockles or muscles. ---New Art of Cookery According to the Present Practice,\n> Richard Briggs [W. Spotswood, R. Campbell, and B. Johnson:Philadelphia PA]\n> 1792 (p. XV)\n>\n> [1875] Artichokes, red cabbage, white cabbage, capsiiums (aka peppers) red,\n> yellow, and green, cauliflower, chillies, cucumbers, french beans, garlic,\n> gherkins, horseradish, Jerusalem artichokes, melons, mushrooms, nasturiums,\n> onions, radish pods, samphire, shallots, tomatoes, walnuts, barberries,\n> beetroot, brocoli, cauliflower, cherries, cranberries, fennel, grapes,\n> lemons, limes, mangoes, oranges, roots. ---Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery\n> with Numerous Illustrations [Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Co.:London] 1875 (p.\n> 547)\n>\n> [1899] Red cabbage, catsup (mushroom, tomato), celery sauce, chili sauce,\n> chow-chow, cucumber (sweet, yellow sweet, yellow mustard), gherkins, Indian\n> relish, onions, peppers (red, green), piccalilli, dill pickles (aka salt\n> pickles), nasturtium seed, sauerkraut, tomato (green & sliced with onions).\n> ---Preserving and Pikcling, Gesine Lemcke [D. Appleton and Company:New York]\n> 1899 (p. 114)\n>\n> [1913] Tomato butter, crab apple catsup, grape catusp, tomato catsup,\n> mustard catsup, chow-chow, chutney, tomato chutney, Bengal chutney, spiced\n> currants, spiced grapes, lemons, mustard dressing, tomato mustard, crab\n> apples, mushrooms, peaches, yellow, French, mustard, sweet tomatoes, green\n> cucumbers, cherry, India, lemon, chili sauce, chili with celery sauce,\n> celery sauce, tomato sauce, tomato soy. ---American Home Cook Book, Grace E.\n> Denison [Barse & Hopkins:New York] 1913 (p. 534)\n>\n> [1936] Beets, beets and caviar, crab apples, ginger watermelon, onions,\n> peaches, dill, garlic, sour sweet, mustard, olive oil, onions, green tomato,\n> uncooked spiced cabbage, watermelon, yellow cucumber. ---Joy of Cooking,\n> Irma S. Rombauer [Bobbs-Merrill Company:Indianapolis IN] 1936 (p. 613-614)\n>\n> [1944] Pickles (brined, spour, sweet), chili sauce, corn relish, cucumber\n> onion and pepper relish, curry-cucumber pickles, dill pickles, dixie relish,\n> fruit chili relish, green and red pepper relish, green-timato and onion\n> pickles, mixed mustard pickles, raw-carrot relish, sliced cucumber pickles,\n> sweet pickle slices, sweet tomato pickle. ---Good Housekeeping Cook Book,\n> 7th edition completely revised [Farrar & Rinehart:New York] 1942, 1944 (p.\n> 536-542)\n>\n> [1953] Florence Brobeck's Old-Time Pickling and Spicing Recipes [M. Barrows\n> and Company:New York] 126pps. offers dozens of recipes grouped in these\n> chapters: Butters, Catsups, Chutneys, Brandied Fruits, Mincemats, Pickles of\n> all kinds, Pickled and Spiced Fruits, Pickled and Spiced Vegetables,\n> Relishes, Quick Relishes, Sauces and Vinegars.\n\nSweet pickles \"The noun \"pickle\" applies to that which pickles as well as to\nthat which gets pickled; hence, a sweet pickle is both a fruit or vegetable\nthat has been preserved in a sugary solution and the sugary solution in which\nthe fruit or vegetable has been preserved...In the United States, pickles are\nprimarily the products of central European tradition...American Indians\nthemselves produced a maple-sap vinegar to preserve game in preparation for\nthe winter. Still, the story of American pikcles does not really take shape\nuntil the searly eighteenth century, with the arrival of the Pennsylvania\nDutch...Pennsylvania Dutch cookery fairly rests on the notion of the seven\nsweets and seven sours thought requisite for any feast; sweet pickles made\nfrom small cucumbers, particulalry gerkins, are just one of many options--but\nthe one Americans have collectively chose to adopt and to adapt...There\nare...numerous variations on the sweet pickle theme...Pickled fruits\n(including strawberries, grapes, and even watermelon rinds) may be less\nrelevant in the twenty-first century than they were in the nineteenth when\nhome canning and preserving was the norm.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and\nDrink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New York]\n2004, Volume 2 (p. 267) [NOTE: This book contains a wealth of information on\nAmerican pickles. Ask your librarian to help you find a copy.]\n\nPickles, The Grocer's Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [Philadelphia:1911]\n\nAmericans have historically been pickling a variety of fruits and vegetables.\nA sampler of popular 19th century recipes:\n\n * [1803] Of Pickling, The Frugal Housewife, Susannah Carter\n * [1877] Pickles, Buckeye Cookery, Estelle Woods Wilcox\n\nDill pickles Dill is indicative of Northern European/Jewish culinary\ncontributions. In documented USA terms, this means late 19th century: 1885,\nNewspaper ad \"Late Arrivals, German Dill Pickles...\"---Galveston Daily News,\nSeptember 6, 1885, (p. 3) 19th-early 20th century recipes (search recipe title\ndill pickle)\n\nAbout dill \"Dill. This herb (Anethum graveolens), a member of the parsley\nfamily and more aromatic than fennel (a relative), has been pronounced native\nto central Asia and to southeastern Europe. The name, however, comes from the\nNorse word dilla, meaning \"lull,\" apparently because the seeds were believed\nto be good for insomnia. Confusion over the plant's origin is probably\ninevitable because it grows wild in most temperate regions. The ancient Greeks\nused dill as a remedy for hiccups as well as for culinary purposes, and it has\nbeen a part of Mediterranean cuisines ever since. The Romans credited the\nplant with fortifying qualities and made certain that gladiators were well\nfortified with it. As their empire receded, dill remained behind to become\nseminaturalized in much of northern Europe, although it has to be cultivated\nin the Scandinavian countries. Today, both dill seed and dill weed are used as\nseasonings. The aromatic seed heads flavor pickles...sauces, and other foods\nsuch as fish, cheeses, and yoghurt. The feathery green leaves (dill weed) have\na wonderful aroma when fresh and taste milder than the seeds. The fresh leaves\ngo well in potato and tuna salads. Dried, the leaves lose all their aroma and\nmost of their taste.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple &\nKriemhild Conee Ornelas, Volume Two [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge]\n2000 (p. 1768-9)\n\n\"Dill is the quintessential northern European herb; its feathery green fronds\ndot the grey fishmarkets of Sweden, Finland, etc., bearing witness to its\nsymbiosis with fish in Scandinavian cookery. Its name is appropriately\nGermanic, too: it comes from a hypothetical West Germanic word *diljo, and is\nfound throughout the Germanic languages...It found its way early to North\nAmerica, and has established a particular niches there as the key ingredient\nof dill pickles.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 110)\n\n\"Dill, culinary herb native to the eastern Mediterranean. Texts suggest its\nuse in wreaths and other ritual and sensual contexts more frequently than its\nincorporation in cooked dishes; the recipes of Apicius, however, call for dill\nabout forty times. it is usually the fresh leaf that is meant, though the seed\nwas also used in cooking. Dill seed is found by archaeobotanists in Roman\ncontexts indicating food use...As an element in the diet dill was regarded as\na diuretic and very 'hot'. Dioscorides gives instructions for the making of\ndill oil, to be used as an ointment.\" ---Food in the Ancient World from A to\nZ, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 117)\n\nBread & Butter pickles We're finding not one, but two possible explanations\nfor the name \"bread and butter pickles.\" The first relates to the practical\nallusion to \"bread and butter\" in the sense of paying one's bills. The second\nsuggests the name deployed from Victorian practice of combining bread and\nbutter sandwiches with pickles. Neither explanation (to us, anyway) appears\nsufficient.\n\nThe naming theories: (1) \"Q. This year my garden yielded more than 350 pounds\nof cucumbers, so I spent many days producing pickles, mostly bread-and- butter\npickles. What is the origin of that name?\n\nA.I have been told that the term came about because some home chef made a\npreparation of sliced cucumbers with vinegar, turmeric, mustard seeds, sliced\nonion and sugar and sold the bottled pickle slices at a roadside stand. The\nincome they produced was pronounced 'bread and butter' - the earnings for the\nsummer. In the dictionaries bread-and-butter means staple as opposed to fancy\nand basic or commonplace; the term has a long history in the meaning 'taken as\na type of everyday food.'\" ---\"Q&A;,\" The New York Times, January 11, 1984,\nSection C; Page 14\n\n(2) \"A CHRISTMAS BEGINNING, By Anne Perry, Ballantine. 190 pp. $17.95 For\nthose unfamiliar with this author, Anne Perry has written nearly 60 books,\nmostly detective fiction, mostly set in either Victorian England or the\nbleaker England of World War I...She includes old-time recipes such as \"bread\nand butter pickles\" and tells us the origin of that condiment's name:\nVictorian children used to be given slices of bread fried in drippings topped\nby a pickle.\" ---\"Death Doesn't Take a Holiday,\" Carolyn See, The Washington\nPost, December 21, 2007, Pg. C07\n\nThe earliest print reference we found in American newspapers for commercially\nmarketed \"Bread & butter pickles\" was this ad published in the Chicago Daily\nTribune, June 5, 1925 (p. 14): \"Bread and butter pickles, doz., $4.65; jar, 39\ncents.\" Later newspaper ads refer to Fannig's brand Bread and butter pickles.\nAccording to the records of the US Patent & Trademark Office Fannig's brand\nwas introduced to the American public in 1923:\n\n\"Word Mark FANNING'S BREAD AND BUTTER PICKLES Goods and Services (EXPIRED) IC\n029. US 046. G & S: PICKLES Mark Drawing Code (3) DESIGN PLUS WORDS, LETTERS,\nAND/OR NUMBERS Design Search Code 26.03.02 - Ovals, plain single line; Plain\nsingle line ovals 26.11.07 - Rectangles with a decorative border, including\nscalloped, ruffled and zig-zag edges 26.11.25 - Rectangles with one or more\ncurved sides Serial Number 71186224 Filing Date September 26, 1923 Current\nFiling Basis UNKNOWN Original Filing Basis UNKNOWN Registration Number 0181107\nRegistration Date March 11, 1924 Owner (LAST LISTED OWNER) CPC INTERNATIONAL\nINC. UNKNOWN ENGLEWOOD CLIFFS NJ Assignment Recorded ASSIGNMENT RECORDED Type\nof Mark TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL Affidavit Text SECT 12C. Live/Dead\nIndicator DEAD\"\n\nPeach pickles Recipes for peach pickles appear in many 19th-early 20th century\nAmerican cookbooks. Foodways experts confirm these are favorites in places\nwhere peaches are grown, most notably the southern, Appalachian and\nsouthwestern states. \"Pickles\" were a way to preserve food for later use.\nCookbooks confirm there were two kinds of peach pickles: regular, made with\nbrine and sweet, made with vinegar. Both recipes also use a variety of spices\nfrom sweet (cinnamon) to tangy (mustard). Names of these recipes can vary.\n\nPeach pickle recipes through time\n\n> [1747] \"To pickle Peaches. Take your Peaches when they are at the full\n> Growth, just before they turn to be ripe; be sure they are not bruised; then\n> take Spring-water, as much as you think will cover them; make it soft enough\n> to bear an Egg, with bay and common Salt, and equal Quantity of each; then\n> put in your Peaches, and lay a thick Board over them, to keep them very\n> carefulfly with a fine soft Cloth, and lay them in you Glass or Jar; then\n> take as much White Wine Vinegar, as will fill your Glass or Jar: To every\n> Gallon, up one Pint of the best well-made Mustard, two or three Heads of\n> Garlick, a good deal of Ginger sliced, half an Ounce of Cloves, mace, and\n> Nutmegs; mix your pickle well toghether, and pour over your Peaches. Tie\n> them close with a Bladder and Leather, they will be fit to eat in two\n> Months. You may with a fine Penknife cut the a-cross, take out the Stone,\n> and fill them with made Mustard and Garlic, and Hourse-reddish and Ginger;\n> tye them together.\" ---The Art of Cookery Made Plain & Easy, Hannah Glasse,\n> facsimile of the first edition, 1747, [Prospect Books:Devon] 1995 (p. 132)\n>\n> [1839] \"Peaches. For pickling, select large plum peaches that are ripe, but\n> not the least soft. Wipe off the fuzz with a cloth, put them in a strong\n> salt water, and let them stand for ten days; then soak them in fresh water\n> two or three days, to draw out the salt, shifting the water every day. Put\n> them in a jar, strewing between each layer a small handful of sugar, a few\n> cloves, and a little powdered cinnamon, and cover them with the best\n> vinegar, Firm clingstone peaches may be kept a year or two in strong brine,\n> as directed for cucumbers, and pickled in the same manner. They look very\n> pretty when pared, and colored pink with beet juice or chochineal.\"\n>\n> \"Peach Mangoes. Take fine large freestone peaches, that are ripe, and rather\n> farinaceous; split them open, extract the stones, and fill them with equal\n> portions of cloves, cinnamon and whole msutard seeds. Tie them together\n> again with twine, put them in a jar, disseminating between each layer some\n> sugar, whole mustard seeds, slips of lemon peel, and cloves; cover them with\n> good vinegar that is colored pink with cochineal, and cork the jar\n> securely.\" ---The Kentucky Housewife, Lettice Bryan, facsimile 1839 edition\n> [Image Graphics:Paducah KY] (p. 184-5)\n>\n> [1877] Peach pickles, Buckeye Cookery [Minneapolis, MN]\n>\n> [1897] \"Sweet pickle peaches--No. 1 1 pound peaches (clingstone are best)\n> 1/2 tablespoonful mace, 3/4 pound brown sugar, 1 tablespoonful cloves, 1/2\n> pint water, 1 pint good vinegar. Make the sugar and water into a syrup; put\n> in the spices; when it boils, put in peaches and cook until the peaches can\n> be pierced with a straw. Remove the peaches, and add the vinegar, and cook\n> for ten or twelve minutes longer and pour over the peafches. Put into an\n> earthen jar, and be sure it is covered so that all air is exlcuded.\" ---The\n> Warm Springs Receipt-Book, E.T. Glover [B.F. Johnson Publishing Co.:Richmond\n> VA] 1897 (p. 376)\n\nKool Aid pickles? Pickles can be curious things. On the most basic level,\nalmost any fruit or vegetable can be *pickled*. The primary purpose of the\npickling process is preservation. This accounts for the standard brine,\nvinegar and sugar concoctions. Color alteration is nothing new. Eggs pickled\nwith a splash of beet juice produce quite the colorful result. Kool-aid\npickles appear to be a brand new twist on a very old theme. Notes here:\n\n\"It's the yin and yang of the condiment world. A blending of color and flavor\nthat almost defies description. Almost. It is called the Kool-Aid Pickle and,\nreally, that describes it perfectly. I know the look on your face right now\n(it's not pretty, by the way), because I saw it on my wife when I announced\nthat I was going to make up a batch of Kool-Aid Pickles. The fact that she had\nno idea what a Kool-Aid Pickle was in no way diminished her reaction. \"I don't\neven like pickles. I'm not trying it; it sounds horrible,\" she said. \"You like\nsweet and sour pork,\" I replied in something of a non sequitur. \"OK, I'll try\nit. But only one bite.\"... The first time I ever heard of a Kool-Aid Pickle\nwas in a Page Three article in this newspaper a few weeks ago. It was relaying\na story that ran in the New York Times and was picked up by media outlets\naround the world. The recipe apparently has its origins in the region around\nthe Mississippi Delta but, thanks to the New York Times and the Internet, it\nis spreading to other parts of the country (and the world), including my\nhouse. It may be giving it more credit than it deserves to call it a recipe.\nTo create a Kool-Aid Pickle, you simply marinate dill pickles in your favorite\nflavor of Kool-Aid — Tropical Punch seems to be the preferred variety. The\nrecipe I followed said I should pour out the brine from a jar of dill pickles,\nreplace it with the Kool-Aid, then let it soak for a few days. Judging by what\nI saw on the Internet, other people totally submerge the pickles in what\nappears to be a bucket of the drink mix.\" ---\"Kool-Aid livens up family pickle\njar,\" Ventura County Star (California), May 31, 2007, Community section (no\npage provided)\n\nHere is the original New York Times article: \"A gallon jar of pickles sits\nnear the register at Lee's Washerette and Food Market, a mustard-colored\ncinder-block bunker on the western fringe of this Mississippi Delta town.\nThose pickles were once mere dills. They were once green. Their exteriors\nremain pebbly, a reminder that long ago they began their lives on a farm, on\nthe ground, as cucumbers. But they now have an arresting color that combines\ngreen and garnet, and a bracing sour-sweet taste that they owe to a long\nmarinade in cherry or tropical fruit or strawberry Kool-Aid. Kool-Aid pickles\nviolate tradition, maybe even propriety. Depending on your palate and\nperspective, they are either the worst thing to happen to pickles since\nplastic brining barrels or a brave new taste sensation to be celebrated. The\npickles have been spotted as far afield as Dallas and St. Louis, but their\ncult is thickest in the Delta region, among the black majority population. In\nthe Delta, where they fetch between 50 cents and a dollar, Kool-Aid pickles\nhave earned valued space next to such beloved snacks as pickled eggs and pigs'\nfeet at community fairs, convenience stores and filling stations. And as their\nappeal has widened, some people have seen a good business opportunity. Even\nthe lawyers have gotten involved. Children are the primary consumers, but a\nrecent trip through the region revealed that the market for Kool-Aid pickles\nis maturing...Billie Williams, 56, a special-education teacher at Carver\nElementary, never saw one when she was a child. But she did eat dill pickles\nimpaled on peppermint sticks, and she remembers how friends sucked the juice\nfrom cut lemons through peppermint sticks repurposed as straws. ''That's the\nsame kind of taste,'' she said. ''Same as how they used to dip pickle spears\nin dry Kool-Aid mix for that pucker.'' The school sells Kool-Aid pickles from\nthe popular red flavor family at its fund-raisers. ''They're easy to make a\ngallon,'' Ms. Williams said. ''You pull the pickles from the jar, cut them in\nhalves, make double-strength Kool-Aid, add a pound of sugar, shake and let it\nsit --best in the refrigerator -- for about a week. The taste takes to\nanything. A while back I made a mistake and bought a jar of pickle chips\ninstead of halves or wholes. Came out fine. This whole Kool-Aid pickle thing\nis going so good, you wonder why somebody hasn't put a patent on them.'' No\npatent application has been filed, but the name Kool-Aid is a trademark owned\nby Kraft Foods. Upon learning of the pickles, Bridget MacConnell, a senior\nmanager of corporate affairs at Kraft, recovered, and then pronounced, ''We\nendorse our consumers' finding innovative ways to use our products.''...At the\nStephensville Mini-Mart, set amid the cotton fields and catfish ponds between\nShaw and Indianola, the owner, Hugh Davis, began stocking Kool-Aid pickles\nearlier this year at the behest of local children. ''They're not for me,''\nsaid Mr. Davis, 66. ''It's the kids who've done it. They'll create a line of\nfood for you; they'll dab a little something here and there and make it their\nown. They're good at inventing.'' Recently, some Delta grocers began selling\njars of ready-made pickles. And entrepreneurs are emerging. At Lambard's\nWholesale Meats in Cleveland, Allen Williams sells plastic gallon jugs of Best\nMaid dills, plastered with the Kool-Aid packs that denote the flavor within.\n(Mr. Williams declined to reveal who actually makes his Kool-Aid pickles.)\"\n---\"A Sweet So Sour: Kool-Aid Dills,\" John T. Edge, The New York Times, May 9,\n2007 (p. F1)\n\nAbout cucumbers: \"Cucumbers are generally believed to have originated in\nIndia...they have been cultivated throughout western Asia for at least 3, 000\nyears. From India, the cucumber srpead to Greece and Italy-where the crop was\nsignificant in the Roman Empire-and slightly later to China and southern\nRussia. In Classical Rome, Pliny reported greenhouse production of cucumbers\nby the first century, and the Emporer Tiberious was said to have had them at\nhis table throughout the year. Cucumbers probably were diffused into the rest\nof Europe by the Romans and later throughout the New World via colonialism an\nindigenous trade networks.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F.\nKiple and Kriemhild Conee Ornelas, volume 1 [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2000 (p. 305)\n\n\"The Curcurbitacae are spread all over the world with different genera\noriginating in different places and there is a great deal of confusion as to\nwhich ones were known to the Greeks and Romans, the translators of whos works\nrefer to them as melons, pupkins, marrows, gourds, but offer few clues as to\nwhat these really were...Calabashes were found in Twelfth-Dynasty Egyptian\ntombs, and their use as bottles or containers for both wine and toilet waters\nwas known to early Greek and Roman writers incuding Theophrastus and Pliny,\nwho says that both the flesh and the stalk were eaten, and that in order to\nreach the flesh the rind had first to be scraped off. Calabashes could also be\npreserved in brine like cucumbers...\" ---Food in Antiquity, Don Brothwell and\nPatricia Brothwell, expanded edition [Johns Hopkins University\nPress:Baltimore] 1998 (p. 125-6) [NOTE: this book has much more information on\nyour topic...too much to paraphrase. Ask your librarian to help you find a\ncopy.]\n\n\"It is often said that the cucumber is the kischschium, one of the fruits of\nEgypt regretted by the Israelites in the desert. However, I do not find any\nArabic name among the three given by Forskal which can be connected with this,\nand hitherto no trace has been found to the presence of the cucumber in\nancient Egypt.\" ---Origin of Cultivated Plants, Alphonse De Candolle\n[Hafner:New York] 1959 (p. 266)\n\n\"Cucumber. Three species of \"cucumber\" are mentioned in the Bible and in\nrabbinic literature: kishu'im, pakku'ot and the yerokat (or yerikat) ha-hamor.\n(1) Kishu'im: only the plural form occurs in the Bible, but the singular,\nkishut, occurs in rabinnic literature. The reference is to the chate cucumber.\n(Cucumuis melo, var. Chate) which appears frequently in pictures from ancient\nEgypt. It was an important crop and a favorite food there which explains the\nyearning of the Children of Israel for them during their sojourn in the\nwilderness.\" ---Encyclopedia Judaica, volume 5 [MacMillan:New York] 1971 (p.\n1151)\n\nAbout watermelons \"Archaeological data suggests that they [watermelons] were\ncultivated in ancient Egypt more than 5,000 years ago, where representations\nof watermelons appeared on wall paintings and watermelon seeds and leaves were\ndeposited in Egyptian tombs.\" ---Kiple & Orneals, (p. 306)\n\n\"The ancient Egyptians cultivated the water-melon, which is represented in\ntheir paintings. This is one reason for believeing that the Israelites knew\nthe species, and called it abbatatchim, as is said; but besides the Arabic\nname, battich, gatteca, evidently derived form the Hebrew, is the modern for\nthe water-melon. ---De Candolle (p. 263)\n\nSo...did Cleopatra eat cucumbers or not? The confusion surrounding the history\nof cucumbers and pickles is the result of conflicting linguistic and\narchaelogical evidence. Food historians generally agree that some members of\nthe cucurbit family (including melons, watermelons, cucumbers etc.) originated\nin India approximately 3000 years ago. There is solid evidence that Egyptians\nate watermelons. They were also known to have preserved food by pickling\n(salt, not vinegar.) If Cleopatra ate pickles they were most likely\nwatermelons soaked in brine rather than the spicy cucumber/vinegar mix we know\ntoday.\n\nPlasmon Our survey of historic newspapers reveals Plasmon brand food products\n[UK] were introduced in the early 20th century. Originally marketed as a\n\"health\" food for invalids and children, the base product was a granulated\npowder composed of \"albumen of pure fresh milk.\" This flavor-free nutritional\nsupplement was promoted to consumers as both sprinkle-on enhancement and\ncooking ingredient. Before long, the Plasmon product line encompassed a\nvariety of products: tea, cocoa, chocolate and biscuits. Plasmon Biscuits were\nmass produced and sold in the UK, USA, and UK-affiliated countries. They were\nalso sold to the military for rations. Ernest Schackleton's Antarctic Nimrod\nExpeditions (1907-1909) munched Plasmon Biscuits. Plasmon was also\nincorporated into popular recipes.\n\nWhat was Plasmon? \"Plasmon is the albumen of pure fresh milk in the form of a\ndry, soluble, granulated ream white powder.\" ---Plasmon Cookery Book,\nInternational Plasmon Ltd. [London] 1904 (p. 9)\n\n[1900] \"Plasmon Biscuits.--Plasmon is nothing but the dry concentrated albumen\nof milk, and it is said that a few plasmon biscuits will keep a soldier well\nnourished for days. It is used in the German army, and the scientist,\nProfessor Virchow, says that it is unrivalled. 'The new nutriment' has solved\nthe problem of feeding armies in the field; it has solved the 'starving\nschool-children' question, for a slice of plasmon bread--cheap as ordinary\nbread--with a little butter will supply a child with the nourishment of an\nample meal; and, farther, it has solved many of the problems of the hospital,\nfor it gives nourishment without raising the temperature in enteric cases to\nimportant. This magic food appears in all sorts of forms, and the plasmon\npowder is said to be a sovereign remedy for indigestion.\" ---\"Plasmon\nBiscuits,\" The Church Weekly [London UK] July 13, 1900 (p. 556)\n\n[1903] \"Who says nourishment? Plasmon. Real nourishment. Gives health,\nstrength, endurance. Plasmon is real nourishment, Plasmon is the nutritive\nelement of pure fresh milk. All foods contain some nourishment, but not\nsufficient. That's why you have to eat large quantities, and so ruin your\ndigestion and your health. Plasmon added to food increase the nourishment\nenormously. One teaspoonful of Plasmon added to your breakfast and one to your\ndinner is sufficient. The cost 5 Cents A Day. For five cents a day you ensure\nlong life in health and strength. Cook Plasmon in your ordinary food. In\npackages 15 cents, 30 cents and 50 cents. At grocers' and druggists'. Full\ndirections on every package. Plasmon Co. of America, 116 Broad Street N.Y.\nCity. Factory: Briarcliff Manor, N.Y..\" ---display ad, New York Times, August\n13, 1903 (p. 6)\n\n[1904] The company produced the Plasmon Cookery Book in 1902-1904. [FT Library\nowns the 1904 edition. Happy to scan/supply recipes upon request.]\n\n[1905] \"Contractors to H.M. Government, Plasmon...Plasmon tea, Plasmon\narrowroot, Creamy Plasmon oats, Dainty Plasmon biscuits, Delicious Plasmon\nCocoa, Nourishing beef Plasmon, Plasmon luncheon packets, Sustaining Plasmon\nchocolate...Aids Digestion, Braces the Nerves, Invigorates the System.\"\n---display ad, Black & White--supplement [London] March 11, 1905 (p. 356)\n[NOTE: The ad indicates this product combats diabetes, gout, indigestion &\nrheumatism.]\n\n[1909] \"Plasmon is an unequalled Phosphatic Nerve and Brain Food Containing\nThe Organic Salts and Phosphorus of Milk in a natural state of combination and\nin a greater degree than any other milk product. Plasmon contains a natural\nsufficiency of organic phosphorus without the need of artificial addition of\nphosphates. Plasmon added to food increased the nutritive value enormously--\nLancet...Of all chemists, grocers and stores...Plasmon Lts. of Farrington\nStreet, London, Eng.\" ---display ad, The Times of India, August 18, 1909 (p.\n8)\n\n[1910] \"Plasmon--the Food. 'Plasmon contains nearly four times as much proteid\nas fresh butcher's meat and nearly 20 times as much as pure fresh milk.'--\nMedical Press and Circular...'We used Plasmon preparation continually during\nthe National Antarctic Expedition, and one of our sleighing parties\npractically lived on Plasmon'--Commander E.H. Shackleton, R.N....'Three years\nago my wife could not take anything till Dr.--- advised me to get her Plasmon\nFood. Cocoa and Biscuits, and she simply lived on them for months. She is now\nbetter than she has ever been.'--Mr.---Plasmon is used by the Royal Family.\nPlasmon, Plasmon Cocoa, Plasmon Chocolate, and Plamson Biscuits...Plasmon Ltd.\nLondon.\" ---display ad, Times of India, August 31, 1910 (p. 8)\n\n[1911] \"Plasmon: a yellowish powder obtained by treatment of the curd of\nskimmed milk. It contains about 75% protein and is used principally in special\ndietaries for invalids.\" ---The Grocers Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [National\nGrocer:New York] 1911 (p. 488)\n\n[2013] According to the records of the UK Intellectual Property Office,\nPlasmon brand foods are still in production [Trade Mark 279405]. The current\nbrand holder is Heinz Italia SpA. We have no way to tell how the current\nbiscuits compare with those made in the early 20th century.\n\nRelated foods? Powdered milk & infant formula.\n\nPomegranates \"The pomegranate tree...is an ancient tree native to the Middle\nEast (probably Iran). Along with olives, figs, dates, and grapes, the\npomegranate was (some 5,000 to 6,000 or more years ago) among the first fruits\nto be cultivated. Because pomegranates are hardy and easily transported, they\nwere widely known in early times, even in regions where they could not be\ngrown. From Mesopotamia, the pomegranate spread out to be cultivated in\nancient Egypt, India, Afghanistan, and China, and reached Europe at a very\nearly date. The fruit became important in ancient Greek mythology and was\nmentioned in early literature, including the Bible...The name \"pomegranate\"\ntranslates literally as \"apple with many seeds.\" ---Cambridge World History of\nFood, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2001, Volume 2 (p. 1837-8)\n\n\"Pomegranate, Punica granatum, the fruit of a small tree which is native to\nIran and still grows wild there. The trees are small; evergreen of deciduous\naccording to climate; and very long lived. The seed is distributed by birds\nwhich eat the fruit. The pomegranate was well known in ancient Egypt. The\nIsraelites in the desert regretted the refreshing fruit they had left behind\nthem, so that Moses found it necessary to asure them that they would find it\nagain in the Promised Land (Deuteronomy 8:8). The fruit was known to the\nancient Greeks and is mentioned in Homer, but it seems to have reached the\nRomans more circuitously via Carthage (Punis) in N. Africa...Although the\npomegranate has been cultivated and appreciated since antiquity, these seeds\nand the fact that the fruit is labourious to consume have held it back from\nuniversal popularity...Spanish sailors took the pomegranate from the\nMediterranean region, where it had long been cultivated, to America. It was a\nuseful fruit for sea voyagers since its hard skin helps it to keep well. It\nbecame established in the south of the USA and the, in the 18th century, in\nCalifornia. The fruit had also spread eastwards, to India and China. The first\nmention in Indian literature is of the 1st century AD...In China the fruit was\ngrown in the warm south and sent to colder regions as an exotic delicacy.\"\n---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford]\n1999 (p. 617-8)\n\n\"Pomegranate, segmented fruit whose juice can be drink and seeds had many\nmedicinal uses in the classical world. The pomegranate, native to Iran, was\nfamiliar in Egypt by the mid second millennium BC: its unmistakable shape\nappears frequently on wall paintings from then onwards. By the beginning of\nthe archaic period it was well known in Greece. It is one of the fruit trees\nthat characterizes the orchards of Alcinous in the Odyssey. By then the\npomegranate was evidently spreading further west: it is represented by\narchaebotanical finds in southern France in the last few centuries BC...Early\nmedical authors distinguished three kinds of pomegranate by their juice,\nrespectively sweet, winy and acid; they prescribed the juice and also other\npreparations. Pomegranates were perhaps more significant mythologically than\nin the diet. They were offered to the Phoenician goddess Astarte, and to\nseveral Greek goddesses. Persephone, while in the underworld, is said to have\nsucked on pomegranate seed, and thus to have condemned herself to remain there\nfor a third of every year.\" ---Food in the Ancient World from A to Z, Andrew\nDalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 266)\n\n\"Pomegranates first reached Britain from southern Europe in the thirteenth\ncentury, and they were to remain for many centuries an expensive luxury, used\nsparingly and mainly for decoration. In the earliest references to it in\nEnglish it is called the poumgarnet, perhaps a conscious allusion to the\nfruit's deep red seeds...\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 261)\n\n\"Myths and legends of the pomegranate reveal that the ancients both recognized\nand revered this fruit. The plant comes from Southeast Asia, and the fruit\nitself appears in myths of many lands, particularly of India, China,\nMesopotamia, Greece, and Rome. The pomegranate had distinct characteristics\nthat beckoned mythmakers to assign it significance. It attracted attention\nbecause of its crownlike blossom, its red color, and perhaps most importantly,\nits many seeds, which people all over the world linked to fertility and\nprocreation. Ancient mythmakers elevated pomegranates to high status,\nattributing symbolic significance to all of these traits.\" ---Nectar and\nAmbrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-\nCLIO:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p. 181) [NOTE: This book contains far more\ninformation than can be paraphrased here. Ask you local public librarian to\nhelp you find a copy.]\n\nPoppy seeds Ancient, interesting, flavorful and pungent. Poppy seeds\ntraditionaly feature in Central European dishes, most notably Kolache.\n\n\"Poppy. The flower of various plants of the genus Papaver, of which P.\nSomniferum ssp somniferum is notorious as a source of opium. The same species\nprovides edible leaves and pleasantly flavoured seeds which, when mature, are\nnot narcotic and are pressed to make a salad or cooking oil...When the\npoppyseed ripens, the narcotic substances change into harmless forms. The\nblue-grey seed of the cultivar Hungarian Blue-Seeded is the one most commonly\nused in Europe, especially in baked goods (such as the Silesian specialty\nMohntorte...and they are commonly sprinkled on top of breads, biscuits, and\ncakes in Germany, E. Europe, and countries of C. Asia. Poppyseeds are also\nused as a flavouring in some egg, potato, and pasta dishes. Indian poppyseed\n(usually of the cultivar White Persian) is much smaller and off-white, and\nserves to thicken sauces and curries. Toasted poppyseed, which has a nutty\nflavour, is often used in spice mixtures.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan\nDavidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 622)\n\n\"The seeds of the opium poppy have been used as a spice for at least 2,600\nyears: poppy-seed bread' was first mentioned, so far as we know, by the\narchaic Greek poet Alcman, and poppy seeds are still sprinkled on bread in\njust the same way. At the grandiose banquet of Trimalchio', centrepiece of\nPetronius' great Roman novel Satyricon, a row of dormice, glazed in honey and\nrolled in poppy seeds' is among the tastier of the hors d'oeuvres...Like\ncoriander and cumin, poppy is one of the spices that have gradually spread\neastward from Europe. Poppy differs from those two, however, in that European\nstates have in the last two centuries taken a very close interest in the\ngrowing of the opium poppy in certain other countries, not of course, because\nof the market in poppy seeds by because of the demand for opium and its\nderivatives, morphine and heroin.\" ---Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices,\nAndrew Dalby [University of California:Berkeley] 2000 (p. 135)\n\nAncient culinary applications Bread \"Both Greek and Latin sources agree that\npoppy seeds were sprinkled on bread before baking; white of egg was used to\nbind the seeds to the crust.\" ---Food in the Ancient World, Andrew Dalby\n[Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 268)\n\n\"All three aromatic seeds, sesame, poppy and flax, were all being used to\ngarnish loaves around 600 BC, when the Spartan poet Alcman happened tot list\nthem in a passage quted by Athenaeus: Poppy-seed loaves are mentioned by\nAlcman in book V:'Seven couches and as many tables crowned with poppy-seed\nbread, with flax-seed bread and sesame bread and, for the girls, buckets full\nof khrysokolla', these being a sweetmeat made of honey and flax-seed'. (Alcman\n19 [Athenaeus 111a]).\" ---Siren Feasts: A History of Food and Gastronomy in\nGreece, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 1996 (p. 51)\n\n\"The Romans made fine white bread, black bread, leavened bread, flatbread for\nsailors, and breads variously flavored with poppy, anise, fennel, celery, and\ncaraway seeds.\" ---A Taste of Ancient Rome, Ilaria Gozzini Giacosa, translated\nby Anna Herklotz [University of Chicago:Chicago] 1992 (p. 16)\n\nAncient texts do not contain recipes. They do, howevever, provide detailed\nfood descriptions and lists of ingedients. Some culinary experts recreate\nthese recipes based on historic precepts and modern knowledge. This is a\ncomplicated task requiring advanced skills. One such recipe here: \"Poppy seed\nbiscuits. They are nothing but laterculi: sesame seeds, poppy seeds, wheat\nflour and chopped nuts.'[Platus: The Little Carthaginian] ---Roman Cookery:\nAncient Recipes for Modern Kitchens, Mark Grant [Serif:London] 1999 (p. 106-7)\n\nPork & beans When and where did pork and beans originate? Excellent question!\nAncient cooks were known combine salt-preserved meat with legumes. Medieval\ncooks typically added sweeteners and spices. Many of these old recipes\ncombined peas with pork, both readily available to the average person. In\nEngland, this was known as pease puddung (pottage). This Italian recipe from\n1475 is fairly typical:\n\n> \"Dish Made from Peas. Let peas come to a boil with carob. When they are\n> taken form the water, put in a frying pan with bits of salt meat, especially\n> that balanced between lean and fat. I would wish, however, that the bits had\n> been fried a little beforehand. Then add a bit of verjuice, a bit of must,\n> or some sugar and cinnamon. Cook broad beans in the same way.\" ---Platina:\n> In the Right Pleasure and Good Health, A Critical Edition and Translation of\n> De Honesta Voluptate et Valetudine, by Mary Ella Milham [Medieval &\n> Renaissance Texts & Studies:Tempe AZ] 1998 (p. 325)\n\nMost (though not all) food historians tell us that pork and beans..as we know\nthem today...probably came to colonial America via New England. It was a\nmarriage of old world habits and new world ingredients. Have you ever heard of\nBoston baked beans? Amelia Simmons [1798] did not provide a recipe for pork\nand beans but she did briefly mention small white beans, which she thought\n\"excellent.\" Presumbly these were pea beans, later called Navy beans.\n\nPork and beans also played a significant role in American cowboy meals and\npioneer dinners. The ingredients were portable, nutritious, and filled the\nbelly. Mass-produced canned foods were made possible during the mid 19th\ncentury industrial revolution. Many new food companies embraced this\ntechnology. Gilbert Van Camp, Van Camp Packing Company of Indianapolis was one\nof the first to can pork and beans. Van Camp is now owned by Conagra.\n\nColonial fare \"Boston baked beans. A dish of navy beans made with molasses and\nsalt pork or bacon. Some argue that baked beans were introduced to the\ncolonists by the Indians, but novelist Kenneth Roberts, in an essay on \"The\nForgotton Marrowbones,\" prionted in Marjorie Mosser's Foods of Old New England\n(1957), argues that baked beans had long been a traditional Sabbath dish among\nNorth African and Spanish Jews, who called the dish \"skanah.\" Roberts also\ncites Riley's Narrative (1816) by James Riley as a source and supposes that\nNew England sea captains brought the idea home with them from Africa.\nNevertheless, the dish clearly became associated with Boston, whose Puritan\nsettlers baked beans on Saturday, served them that night for dinner, for\nSunday breakfast with codfish cakes and Boston brown bread, and again for\nSunday lunch, because no other cooking was allowed during the Sabbath, which\nextended into Sunday evening...Baked beans of this kind were first canned in\n1875 by the Burnham E. Morrill Company of Portland, Maine, for local\nfishermen...\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani\n[Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 36)\n\n\"American cookery was heavily influenced by English and German practices. Pork\nand beans, a traditional Saturday meal of New England, declined in popularity\nduring the mid-19th century but gained a new identity when someone thought of\ncanning it, to give the ancestor of modern baked beans. Molasses is used as a\nflavouring in this dish; it was also important as a condiment for pork in\ngeneral. Sweet ingredients are characteristic of American pork cookery...\"\n---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford]\n1999 (p. 624)\n\nAccording to the food historians pork (esp. salt pork) figured prominently in\nthe diets of early New Englanders.\n\n\"...pork was America's first important meat from domestic animals, and would\nremain the country's most common meat for three centuries. Pigs and chickens\nwere, of course, the easiest meat to carry to the New World by ship, and\nprovided forever the advantage that if unfavorable winds prolonged the voyage,\nthey could be killed on the way to provide fresh meat for sailors and\npassengers.\" (p. 59) \"A frequent criticism of the American diet in the early\nnineteenth century is that Americans knew no other meat than salt pork...It is\npossible, however, that this observation on the monotony of one category of\nAmerican foods has been a trifle overworked. It is true that Americans did eat\na good deal of salt pork, another reason why the American sweet tooth\ndeveloped to such inordinate proportions: \"So much salt pork was eaten by so\nmany Americans in the 19th century,\" Dale Brown wrote in American Cooking,\n\"That molasses, the most popular of sweeteners, was regularly used to subdue\nthe briny taste.\"\" (p. 131) ---Eating in America: A History, Waverly Root and\nRichard de Rochemont [Morrow:New York] 1976\n\nPork & Beans as Cowboy food When it comes to dried beans it seems hard to\nbelieve that chuck/cowboy cooks had adequate time/cooking facilities to\nprepare such food. They required hours of soaking before they could be\nprepared for dinner. But! History reminds us never to underestimate the\ningenuity of a dedicated cook. These people were revered for their energy,\nabundance and creativity. It is quite likely the experienced cowboy's cook\nknew how to adjust his methods for cooking beans to have meals ready at the\nappointed time. The most feasible explanation is that the cook started soaking\nhis beans the night before. Did you know? Charles Goodnight & Oliver Loving\n(from Texas) are credited with inventing the chuckwagon in 1866 in order to\naccomodate the gustatory needs of American cowboys.\n\n\"By mid-afternoon it was not unusual for the cook driving the chuck wagon to\npush on ahead to the night's campsite.\" ---Cowboy Culture: A Saga of Five\nCenturies, David Dary [Knopf:New York] 1981 (p. 191)\n\n\"According to J. Frank Dobie in Up the Trail From Texas, the chuck wagon, the\ntraveling commissary from which the trail-driving cowboys and horse wranglers\nwere fed, appeared to be a good many years after the fist post-Civil War\ndrives....The chuck wagon itself evolved from the cart, sometimes driven by\noxen, which carried the personal gear of the crew and the trail boss, and a\nfew pots of beans cooked on the overnight stops...On the drives, the cook\nhurried the chuck wagon forward past the slow-moving cattle to set up at the\nnext planned stopping place and have food ready for the drivers when the her\narrived. He needed a good head start to give him time to bake the omnipresent\nred Mexican beans )\"prairie strawberries,\" the cowboys called them).\"\n---Eating in America: A History, (pps. 199-200)\n\n\"The first wagons on the trail did not have built-in chuck boxes, but they had\nplenty of room for iron pots containing cooked beans. Beans for supper had to\nbe cooked the preceding night.\" ---Up the Trail, J. Frank Dobie [Random\nHouse:New York] 1955 (p. 98) [NOTE: This [children's] book has an entire\nchapter on \"The Cook and His Chuck Wagon\"]\n\nAmerican pork and bean recipes through time:\n\n> [1847] \"Pork and Beans Take two quarts of dried white beans, (the small ones\n> are best,) pick out any imperfections, and put them to soak in cold water,\n> more than to cover them, let them remain one night; the next day, about two\n> hours before dinner time, throw off the water; have a pound of nicely corned\n> pork, a rib piece is best; put the beans in an iron dinner-pot; score the\n> rind or skin of the pork, in squares or diamonds, and lay it on the beans,\n> put in hot (not boiling) water to them, add a small dried red pepper, or a\n> saltspoon-ful of cayenne; cover the pot close, and set it over a gentle fire\n> for one hour; then take a tin basin, or earthen pudding-pan, rub the inside\n> over with a bit of butter, and nearly fill it with the boiled beans, lay the\n> pork in the centre, pressing it down a little; put small bits of butter over\n> the beans, dredge a little flour oer them, and the pork, and set it in a\n> moderately hot oven, for nearly one hour...\" ---Mrs. Crowen's American\n> Lady's Cook Book, Mrs. E. L. Crowen [New York] (p. 115)\n>\n> [1877] Yankee Pork and Beans Buckeye Cookery, Estelle Woods Wilcox\n>\n> [1884] Baked Pork and Beans Boston Cooking School Cook Book, Mrs. D. A.\n> Lincoln\n\nWhich kind of bean? It's the Navy bean...a small white bean...that is\ntraditionally used in historic American recipes and manufactured pork and bean\nproducts. Surprised? Most people are. It is the sauce that makes these beans\nlook light brown. Picture of navy beans here.\n\nAbout Navy beans What we now know as the Navy bean existed long before the\nU.S. Navy. It is a new world food that was cultivated and cooked by Native\nAmericans. The military moniker? Food historians tell us the name was a result\nof this bean's recognition and utilization by the U.S. Navy for its\nnutritious, versatile, and portable properties. History notes here:\n\n\"Navy bean...Also called \"pea bean\" or \"beautiful bean.\" The navy bean is one\nof several varieties of kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris). The name comes from\nthe fact that it has been a standard food of the United States Navy since at\nleast 1856, despite an old popular song that claims that \"the Navy gets the\ngravy, but the Army gets the beans.\" ---The Encyclopedia of American Food and\nDrink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 216)\n\n\"Navy bean...also called the \"pea bean,\" the navy bean is of several varieties\nof the kidney bean...that are cultivated for their nutritious white seeds. The\nname \"navy bean\" recalls former times when the beans were among the standard\nprovisions of warships of the U.S. Navy.\" ---The Cambridge World History of\nFood, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas, Volume 2 [Cambridge\nUniversity Press:Cambridge] 2000 (p. 1821)\n\nAre soy beans sometimee used to make pork & beans? It is possible, though it\nseem unlikely. This is what the trade associations have to say:\n\n\"...whether commercial producers of pork and beans use soy beans. The response\nfrom the United Soybean Board is: To the best of our knowledge, soybeans are\nnot utilized in the preparation of commercial \"pork & beans\" type products.\nThis was confirmed by the Ontario White Bean Producers Board, who represent\nnavy bean growers in Ontario. They indicated that the finished product would\nbe significantly different from the usual navy bean product in terms of\nflavor, mouthfeel, consistency, etc. and that because of the differences in\npreparation methods, it would not make any sense for producers to interchang\nor inter mix the two types of beans. After contacting serveral producers of\ncanned soybeans, it was found that none of these companies offered such a\nproduct nor were they aware of any other companies offering such a product.\nClare M. Hasler, Ph.D.\"\nhttp://www.ag.uiuc.edu/archives/experts/health/1997/0008.html\n\nAbout soybeans.\n\nPurslane Food historians confirm the use of purslane (portulaca oleracea) was\nknown to ancient cooks. Early salads featured this green.\n\n\"Purslane is one of the kitchen garden plants most widely diffused throughout\nthe old world from the earliest times. It has been transported into America,\nwhere it spreads itself, as in Europe, in gardens among rubbish, by the\nwayside, etc. It is more or less used as a vegetable, a medicinal plant, and\nis excellent food for pigs. A Sanskrit name for it is known, lonica or lounia,\nwhich recurs in the modern languages of India...It is very difficult to\ndiscover in the case of a plant so widely diffused, and which propagates\nitself so easily by means of its enormous number of little seeds, whether a\nspecimen is cultivated, naturalized by spreading from cultivation, or really\nwild.\" ---Origin of Cultivated Plants, Alphonse de Candolle [Hafner\nPublishing:New York] 1964 (p. 87-8)\n\n\"Many quaint recipes using pursley or purslane can be found. Giles Rose, one\nof the master cooks to Charles II, suggested in 1682 a recipe fr \"A Sappet of\nLettice and Purslane --Take out the newest Purslane pick and wash it very\nwell, swing it out, and lay in the round of the plate, and Lettice round about\nit. Garnish the brims with Charvile and Flowers hashed together of divers\ncolors, very small.\" Cook books of that day also gave recipes for pursely soup\nas well as preserved and pickled pursely. Apparently it was look upon by\ngourmets as a delicacy. Preserved purslane was served \"as a first dish on the\ntable to produce an appetiti afore the guests settle down to meate,\" according\nto Henry Dethick, writing in England some 400 years ago. American Indians used\npursley as a pot herb. The early American settlers compared its flavor with\nasparagus.\" ---\"Pair of Portulacas,\" R.R. Thomasson, The New York Times, May\n31, 1959 (p. X37)\n\nRamps If you hail from America's Applachian region, you know about ramps.\nThese early leeks herald spring. Noted for their pungent fragrance and old-\ntimey tonic properties, ramps command their own festivals.\n\n\"Ramps...also called wild leeks, are members of the onion family. Native to\neastern North America, ramps grow in clumps in the rich, moist soil under\ndeciduous trees--sugar maples, birch, and poplar, among others--from New\nEngland south to central Appalachia and as far as North Carolina and\nTennessee. One of the first spring greens, growing from perennial bulbs in\nlate March and April, ramps have the flavor of sweet spring onions touched\nwith musk and an intense garlic aroma. They are harvested for their young\nleaves (which resemble lily of the valley) and their small bulbs. Both may be\neaten raw--the leaves, for instance, in salads, though the bulbs are\nfrequently fried in smoky fat with eggs or potatoes. Ramps were part of the\nNative American diet, valued for their blood-cleasning properties and eaten\neagerly at winter's end (ramps are, in fact, high in vitamin C). Over time the\nramp harvest became a rite of spring in many Appalachian communities, giving\nway to community festivals. Ramp consumption and popularity rose steadily in\nthe last two decades of the twentieth century, threatening the wild\npopulations in the forests from which they are gathered. Up to 85 percent of\nramps are consumed as food from wild populations, though efforts are under way\nin North Carolina and elsewhere to cultivate them.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of\nFood and Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New\nYork] 2004, Volume 2 (p. 342)\n\nRamps: (\"Tennessee Truffles\")...Ramps reign royally in Cosby, Tennessee, every\nApril. The Cook County community, nested, in the shadow of the Great Smoky\nMountains, goes wild over the odoriferous mountain leek, staging a Ramp\nFestival...But Cosby isn't alone. Ramps are celebrated across the lofty,\nfertile, and shady coves in Southern Appalachia...The Appalachian \"ramp\ncountry\" ranges from West Virginia to north Georgia. Wild ramps, a member of\nthe lily family, and called \"Tennessee Truffles\" by some, flourish in buckeye\nflats...old-time mountain people love the wild leek. Take Gary Davis, a\nretired conservation ranger from Fannin County, Georgia. \"If I don't get some\nramps to eat in the spring, I may not make it to the fall. It slicks you off\n[as a tonic], makes you feel good and do good all summer...Appalchian\nhighlanders have been enjoying ramps for centuries...The Cherokees called them\nWa-S-Di, 'a smelly business but good.'...Ramps are adaptable to many dishes.\nThey can be cooked with eggs, potatoes, venison, bear meat, ham...\"\n---Smokehouse Ham, Spoon Bread, & Scuppernong Wine: The Folklore and Art of\nSouthern Appalachian Cooking, Joseph E. Dabney [Cumberland House:Nashville TN]\n1998 (p. 273-7) [NOTE: This book offers recipes for Ramp Casserole, Ramps\nBacon and Eggs, Ramp Salad, Ramp and Grits, Fried Ramps and Potatoes, Pickled\nRamps and Ramp Pudding.]\n\nRelated foods? Greens: collard, muustard & turnip & dandelions.\n\nRice Krispies Treats Rice Krispies-type treats existed long before the name-\nbrand cereal was invented. This snack traces its roots to the middle of the\n19th century when recipes for puffed grain treats mixed with sweeteners\n(molasses, corn syrup) pressed into various shapes were popular. Think:\npopcorn balls & no-bakes.\n\nAlexander Anderson, American Cereal Company is generally credited for\ninventing the process for puffing cereal grains in the early 20th century.\nThese were introduced to the American public at the 1904 Exposition in St.\nLouis. Some details on the person and the process here. According to the U.S.\nPatent & Trademark Office, Kellogg's Rice Krispies cereal was introduced to\nthe American public February 29, 1928 (registration #024993).\n\nThe earliest recipe we have approximating Rice Krispies Treats is circa WWI.\nIt comes from a 7th grade home-economics notebook suggesting the recipe was\nconsidered healthy, easy, and economical by contemporary nutrition experts.\n\n> \"[1916] Puffed Rice Brittle 1 c. Gran. Sugar 1 tsp. vinegar 1 tbs. Butter 1\n> package rice 1/2 cup water 2 tbs. Molasses 1/2 tbs. Salt\n>\n> Boil sugar-water & vinegar together for five min. Then add mol., butter,\n> salt & boil until it is brittle when tried in cold water. Add the heated\n> puffed rice & spread in butter tins.\" ---Laura Crystal, Domestic Science 7B,\n> New YOrk City Schools [manuscript school notebook] 1916\n>\n> [1938] It's fun to Cook, Lucy Mary Maltby [John C. Winston:Chicago] 1938 has\n> a recipe for \"Puffed Wheat Squares,\" (p. 220) listing these ingredients: 2\n> teaspoons butter, 1 cup molasses, 1/3 cup granulated sugar 1/2 tablespoon\n> vinegar, 1 package puffed wheat (3 1/2 oz.) The directions are similar to\n> those of Rice Krispies Treats, the picture of the finished product (p. 219)\n> confirms similarity. The caption under the picture reads \"Inexpensive and\n> tasty are these Puffed Wheat Squares,\" indicating their appeal to economical\n> cooks. A suggested variation includes melted chocolate poured on top. Sound\n> familiar?\n\nSo, who \"invented\" the Rice Krispies treats we enjoy today? According to Iowa\nState University School of Agriculture it was \"Mildred Day, who died in June\n[1996] at the age of 92, was a 1928 home economics graduate from Iowa State.\nDay is credited with the development of Rice Krispies Treats. She worked for\nKellogg Co., the maker of Rice Krispies, and used the cereal to develop the\nsnack as a fundraiser for a Camp Fire Girls group.\" ---SOURCE: Iowa State\nUniversity\n\n\"[Mildred] Day was born in Durham, a village 8 1/2 miles east of Knoxville in\nMarion County [Iowa]. She was a home economics graduate of Iowa Sate\nUniversity in Ames. Her family says Day, who worked at Kellogg Co. in Battle\nCreek, Mich., developed the recipe with Malitta Jensen as a fund-raiser for a\nCamp Fire Girls group. Anthony Hebron, Kellogg spokesman, says Rice Krispies\ncereal went on the market in 1928 and Rice Krispies Treats, a trademarked\nname, were introduced in the 1940s. The recipe first appeared on packaging in\n1941. \"Many of our employees created concoctions with Kellogg products,\"\nHebron says.\" ---\"Her gift to Us: Recipe for Rice Krispies Treats,\" Carol\nMcGarvey, The Des Moines Register, June 14, 1996 (p. 1)\n\nThe original Kellogg's test kitchen recipe:\n\n> [1941] 1/3 cup butter 1/2 teaspoon vanilla 1/2 lb Fluffi-i-est Marshmallows\n> (this is a brand name) 1 package Kellogg Rice Krispies ( 5 1/2 oz.) Melt\n> butter and marshmallows in double boiler. Add vanilla; beat well. Put Rice\n> Krispies in large buttered bowl and pour on marshmallow mixture. Press into\n> shallow buttered pan. Cut into squares. Yield: 16 2 1/4-inch squares (10 X\n> 10-inch pan). Note: Nut meats and cocoanut may be added.\" ---\"Try this Candy\n> Recipe,\" Los Angeles Times, February 28, 1941 (p. 4)\n\nHow did Kellogg's promote Rice Krispies Treats in the early days? Magazine\nads, \"back of the box\" recipes & mail-in rebates. Note: this recipe name\nvaried in the early years. According to the records of the U.S. Patent &\nTrademark Office, the name \"Rice Krispies Treats\" was introduced in 1986.\n\n[1941] \"Kelloggs will advertise Rice Krispies Marshmallow Squares in two\nweeklies, starting February 24.\" ---\"Advertising News & Notes, New York Times,\nFebruary 11, 1941 (p. 40)\n\n[1942] \"Rice Krispies Marshmallow Squares. Golden treasures--crunch--full-\nflavored! Everybody enjoys these sensational Rice Krispies Marshmallow\nSuqares. They're crisp-- completely different! A grand party treat. Perfect as\na light dessert, between-meal snack or lunchbox surprise for the youngsters. A\nfew minutes--a few pennies turn the trick. Recipe on each Rice Krispies\npackage.\" ---Dislay ad, Los Angeles Times, March 15, 1942 (p. F14)\n\n[1963] \"Cooking with Kellogg's you collect 25 cents when you fix this cheer-up\ncandy marshmallow treats. Make gloomy days Snap, Crackle and Pop...get 25\ncents too. The fun recipe for Marshmallow Treats is right here. Do try it\nsoon. And to collect your quarter, cut the special coupon from the back of\nyour Rice Krispies package and the brand name and weight from a marshmallow\npackage (7 oz. or large), or label from a marshmallow creme jar. Send with\nyour name and address to Marshmallow Treats, Box 577, Detroit 32, Michigan.\nYour quarter will be mailed promptly. (Offer limited to one per family and\nexpires April 39, 1964.) Each family's request must be mailed separately. All\nothers will be returned. Sorry, we can not honor multiple requests.\n\n> marshmallow treats 1/4 cup butter or margarine 7-10 ounces regular\n> marshmallows (about 32) or 3 cups miniature marshmallows 5-6 cups KELLOGG'S\n> RICE KRISPIES 1. Melt butter in 3-quart saucepan. Add marshmallows and cook\n> over low heat, stirring constantly until marshmallows are melted and mixture\n> if well-blended. Remove from heat. 2. Add Rice Krispies and stir until well-\n> coated. 3. Press warm mixture into buttered 13X9-inch pan. Cut into squares\n> when cool. Yield: 24 2-inch squares NOTE: About 2 cups marshmallow creme may\n> ber substituted for marshmallows. Add to melted butter and cook over low\n> heat about 5 minutes, stirring constantly. Proceed as directed above.\"\n> ---half page full color display ad, Better Homes & Gardens, November 1963\n> (p. 88) [NOTES: (1) A first class US stamp cost 5 cents in November 1963.\n> (2) the recipe title is not capitalized in this advertisement.]\n\nWhen did Kellogg's begin selling pre-packaged Rice Krispies Treats? The first\npre-made Kellogg's Rice Krispies products were marketed in supermarkets:\nJanuary 15, 1995 (U.S. Patent & Trademark Office Registration # 2233186).\nAccording to the articles, they were an instant success.\n\nIf you need more on the history of Rice Krispies brand cereal ask your\nlibrarian to help you find the Encyclopedia of Consumer Brands, Janice\nJorgensen editor, Volume 1: Consumables (p. 313-4).\n\nRatafia \"Ratafia, a word whos three meanings are explained below. The origin\nis obscure. According to Favre (1883-92), the word is derived from the Latin\nphrase Res rata fiat, which was pronounced when a treaty or other such\ninstrument was ratified. Since the custom was to accompany the ratification by\ndrinking a good liqueur, the phrase, abbreviated, became a name for such a\nliqueur. If this is the origin of the name, it would explain why there is\ndoubt about whether the name applies to all liqueurs or only some and, if only\nsome, which. (It is usually understood to apply to liqueur made from brandy\nand any fruit juice, especially those made by a process of maceration; but\nsome authorities regard a flavouring of bitter almonds as necessary.) The\nthree meanings of ratafia are: 1. Ratafia, a drink popular in the 17th and\n18th centuries, probably of French origin. It was a cordial or a brandy-based\nliqueur flavored with almonds, peach, cherry, or apricot kernels, or soft\nfruits; similar to Noyau, a word which came into use in the late 18th century\nand largely supplanted ratafia. 2. Ratafia, an 18th- and 19th-century\nvariation on the Macaroon, flavored with bitter almonds...or sometimes with\napricot kernels. These seen to have been first made in England in the early\n18th century to recipes very similar to macaroons, and used similarly; ratafia\nbiscuits my have acquired the name because they were eaten with the drink\nratafia, so because of the use of bitter almonds as flavouring in both items.\nVery small almond biscuits are still manufactured under the name of\n'ratafias'. 3. The word is also used to describe a bitter almond flavour; for\ninstance, 'essence of ratafia'...or 'ratafea cream' (a desert flavoured with\napricot kernels)...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 654)\n\n\"There is ratafia you can drink, and there are ratafias you can eat, and their\ncommon denominator is the taste of almonds or similar nutty kernels. The drink\ncame first. It is a liquer made by steeping some flavouring ingredient in\nsweetened spirit. In France, this ingredient can be any of a range of fruits,\nsuch as blackcurrants or oranges, as well as kernels, but in English usage the\nterm has always been largely restricted to a drink flavoured with peach,\napricot, or cherry kernels or particularly with almonds...English originally\nacquired the term towards the end of the seventeenth century, and in the early\nnineteenth century applied it to a sort of small biscuit...The word ratafia\ncomes originally from French West Indian creole, where it appears to have\nreferred to the local spirit, rum. Popular etymology attributes the creole\nterm to Latin, ratificare, 'ratify', the notion being that it referred to a\ndrink taken to seal or 'ratify' a deal, but there is no direct evidence of\nthis.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 278-9)\n\n\"Ratafia. As used by Hannah Glasse, 111, the word indicates the flavour of\nalmonds. Its meaning can be more generally embracing the flavours imparted by\nthe kernels of peaches, apricots and cherries. The cordial or liqueur called\nratafia may be flavoured with any of these. Ratafia cakes and biscuits may be\nsimilarly flavoured; or they may be so called because they are intended to be\neaten with the liqueur.\" ---The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy, Hannah\nGlasse, facsimile 1747 edition with preface, introductory essays by Jennifer\nStead and Priscilla Bain [Prospect Books:Devon] 1995 (p. 196)\n\n> [1753] \"Ratafia Get three Gallons of Molosses Brandy, Nuts, two Ounces and a\n> Half, bitter Almonds one Pound and a Half; bruise them, and infuse them in\n> the Brandy, adding Ambergrease three Grains, mixed with fine Lisbon Sugar\n> three Pounds; infuse all for seven or eight Days Space, and trhen strain off\n> for Use.\" (p. 386) [NOTE: Ambergris is an \"intestinal secretion of\n> the...sperm whape...like musk, it was used in conjunction with other\n> aromatics...to perfume foods, mostly confectionery.\"---Oxford Companion to\n> Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford Univeristy Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 15)]\n>\n> \"Ratafia Cream Boil six Laurel-leaves in a Quart of thick Cream; when it is\n> boiled throw away the Leaves, and beat the Yolks of five Eggs, with a little\n> cold Cream and Sugar to your Tafte, then thicken the Cream with your Eggs,\n> and set it over the Fire again, but let it not boil; keep it stirring all\n> the while, and pour it into China Dishes; when it is cold it is fit for\n> Use.\" (p. 291)\n>\n> \"A Ratafia Pudding Four or five Laurel-leaves being boil'd in a Quart of\n> Cream, take them out, and break in Half a Pound of Naples Biscuits, Half a\n> Pound of Butter, some Sack, Nutmeg, and Salt, take it off the Fire, cover it\n> up; when it is almost cold, put in two Ounces of Almonds blanch'd and beaten\n> fine, and the Yolks of five Eggs; mix all well together, and bake it in a\n> moderate Oven Half an Hour, scrape Sugar on it as it goes into the Oven.\"\n> (p. 72)\n>\n> \\---The Lady's Companion, 6th edition, Volume II [J. Hodges:London] 1853 (p.\n> 291)\n>\n> \"To make Ratafia Bisket Take four ounces of bitter almonds, blanch and beat\n> them as find as you can; in beating them put in the whites of four eggs, one\n> at a time; then mix it up with sifted sugar to a light paste; roll them and\n> lay them on wafer paper, and on tin plates; make the paste so light that you\n> may take it up with a spoon; bake them in a quick oven.\" ---The Complete\n> Housewife: or, Accomplish'd Gentlewoman's Companion, E. Smith, facsimile\n> 1753 edition [Litereary Services and Production Ltd.London] 1968 (p. 196)\n> [NOTE: \"Quick\" oven meant very hot, in the low 400s F. range.]\n\nRhubarb Food historians tell us rhubarb is an ancient plant originating in\nsouthwestern Russia. The name is likewise ancient has interesting story (see\nbelow). The term \"pie plant\" originated in the United States, sometimes during\nthe 19th century. It derives from the fact that rhubarb was a popular pie\nfilling.\n\nWhy call it \"rhubarb?\" \"Rhubarb\" comes from the Latin Rhabarbarun, \"Rha of the\nbarbarians.\" Rha is the name of the river on whose banks rhubarb was\ncultivated by the barbarians...the barbarians...were Tartars.\" ---Food,\nWaverly Root [Smithmark:New York] 1980 (p. 408)\n\nWhere did rhubarb originate? China, Russia & Siberia. Take your pick.\n\n\"Chinese rhubarb (Rheum officinale) is used mostly for medical purposes.\nGarden rhubarb (R. Rhabarbarum) is grown for its edible stalks. The plant is\nnative to southwestern Russia, southern Siberia, and China, where it was grown\nin ancient times for the alleged medicinal value of its roots. Rhubarb was\ncultivated in Europe from at least the seventeenth century and reached North\nAmerica shortly after the American Revolution.\" ---Cambridge World History of\nFood, Kenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2001, Volume Two (p. 1843)\n\n\"Rhubarb seems to have originated in China, and was first imported to the West\nvia Russia for the sake of its root, which in medieval times was dried, ground\nup, and used as a purgative. Ancient names for it included Greek rha and\nPerisan rewend, which were in due course to converve to produce rhubarb. The\nterm rha was said by the Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus to have been\ntaken from the ancient name of the River Volga...It was borrowed into late\nLatin as rha, and had tacked on to it the adjective barbarum--hense\nrhababarum, literally foreign rhubarb'. Here, Persian rewend enters the\npicture again. Greek had borrowed this as rheon, which in Latin became\nrheum...In medieval Latin the two words for rhubarb' became blended together\nto produce rheubarbarum, which was eventually shortened to rheubarbum.\" ---An\nA to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p.\n281)\n\nRhubarb in Britian \"Rhubarb was known in classical Greece and Rome as an\nimported dried root with medicinal qualities...There is some debate about how\nfar back Chinese knowledge of rhubarb extends. Pen Khing's herbal, of about\n2700 BC, listed it; but Laufer (1978) says the work is spurious...It does,\nhowever, seem to be certain that it was known by the age of Han, 206 BC; that\nis was valued medicinally; that it developed into an important article of\ntrade from China to W. Asia during the 10th century. In England, rhubarb\nbecame known, at first in a purely medicinal context, in the 16th century. The\nidea of eating the stem may have occurred to people, much later, because of\nthe resemblance between rhubarb and its smaller relation, sorrel. Indeed,\nseveral dock varieties have 'rhubarbic' sobriqutes, such as monk's rhubarb for\nmountain dock, and curled dock is even preferred to rhubarb by some\nAustralians. Another naturlaist, Peter Collinson, worte in 1739 about\n'Siberian rhubarb' pie with sugar and cinnamon. However, it was some time\nbefore rhubarb recipes becan to appear in English cookery books, perhaps\nwaiting for sugar to be more widely available to sweeten the taste. One early\nexample was in Mrs. Rundell (1806). Other recipes for sweet pies and tarts\nfollowed during the first half of the 19th century.\" ---Oxford Companion to\nFood, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford], 2nd edition 2007 (p.\n662)\n\n\"One of the latest garden fruits to be cultivated in England was rhubarb.\nMedicinal rhubarb, the rhubarb grown in China from the third milllennium BC\nonwards for the sake of its root, a powerful purgative, had been traded to the\nwest since Roman times. There was more than one varity, and the names Turkey\nrhubarb and Barbary rhubarb were given to two of them, denoting countries\nthrough wich passed the medieval spice routs whereby they traveled. In the\nTudor period the plants themselves were introduced into English herb gardens,\nand medicinal rhubarb became a garden crop in Nritain. The Duke of Atholl had\na famous plantation of Turkey rhubarb on his estate at Blair Castle in\nPerthshire in the 1770s, and sold the roots to an Edinburgh druggist. The\nrhubarb now eaten as a fruit arrived in the seventeeth century, when John\nParkinson received seeds from Italy and planted them in his garden. He\ndescribed the leaf stalks, some two feet long and the thickness of a man's\nthumb, and thought a syrup might be made from the juice which would pure more\ngently than rhubarb from the East Indies or China. The cultivation of garden\nrhubarb spread in Britain in the eighteenth century, with the encouragement\nduring the later years from the Royal Society of Arts...Garden rhubarb was a\nnew acquisition for tarts. A recipe which appeared in the 1790s advocated\nslicing the stalks, and then treating them in the manner of gooseberries.\"\n---Food and Drink in Britain From the Stone Age to the 19th Century, C. Anne\nWilson [Academy Broadway:Chicago] 1991 (p. 347-348, 352)\n\nRhubarb in America Benjamin Franklin is generally credited for introducing\nChinese rhubarb to America: \"In 1771, Franklin sent a Chinese rhubarb seed to\nJohn Bartram, America's botanist to the King. This type of rhubarb was used\nfor medicinal purposes, unlike the edible rhubarb that was already grown in\nAmerica.\" ---PBS/Bemn Franklin\n\n\"Rhubarb...was introduced to Maine at the end of the eighteenth century when a\ngardener obtained seeds of roots from Europe. Cultivation soon flourished in\nMassachusetts, and by 1822 rhubarb was sold in New England produce markets. In\nthe late nineteenth century, the great plant breeder Luther Burbank developed\na mild variety with a long growing season well suited to California. Early\nAmericans used rhubarb extract and syrup for dyspepsia and a variety of bowel\ncomplaints...Nineteenth-century American cookbooks carried rhubarb recipes for\nsweet pies, cobblers, conserves, and tarts.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food\nand Drink in America, Andrew F. Smith editor [Oxford University Press:New\nYork] 2004, Volume 2 (p. 361)\n\nWhat about the \"Pie Plant?\" 19th century American cooks dubbed rhubarb the\n\"pie plant.\" Presumably, this reflected this food's primary use. Historic\ncookbooks confirm rhubarb featured prominently in spring compotes and\npreserves. They were naturally paired with strawberries for sweet and tangy\nflavor punch.\n\n[1869] \"Rhubarb, or Pie Plant. This is one of th greatest of spring luxuries,\nthough the quantity of sugar required to be used with it renders it rather\nexpensive. Remove the stringy part and cut up into small slices either for\nstewing or pies, no spice is required, but sugar may be put in as long as your\nconscience will let you, and a handful afterwards.\" ---Jennie June's American\nCookery Book, Mrs. J. C. Croly [American News Company:Boston?] 1878 (p. 188)\n\nRisotto Risotto is not one dish, but many flavorful blends and interesting\nrecipe variations. As with many traditional foods, there are many conflicting\ntheories regarding the origin of risotto. Some culinary experts place risotto\nin the 16th century; others claim risotto (as we know it today) is a 20th\ncentury dish.\n\nCulinary historians generally agree the first risotto-type foods likely\norginated during the Renaissance, in the Lombardy region, Milan being famous\nfor this dish. History confirms wealthy Milanese families recognized this\ngrain's market potential [when grain was scarce, prices would rise] and\ncapitalized on it. The rice traders became very rich, according to some\naccounts, rice was sometimes proferred as gifts. About rice (general).\n\nThe first rice dishes in this region were borrowed from the Mediterranean\ncuisines responsible for introducing rice to Italy. They were typically sweet\nrecipes combining rice, almond milk and spices. Together, Milanese cooks and\nlocal ingredients eventually created a unique dish. Historic American cook\nbooks confirm risotto was cooked in America beginning the late 19th century,\nthough it did not become widely accepted until after World War II. This is\ntrue of many Italian dishes, including pizza. Amercian chefs *rediscovered*\nrisotto in the 1980s, elevating this dish from simple & economical to gourmet\nstatus.\n\nItalian rice is short-grained. There are many varieties. Arborio rice is the\ntype most often use by current American chefs when making risotto.\n\n\"How did rice get to Western Europe from China? The Persians and Mesopotamians\nfirst encountered rice towards the fifth century BC, as a result of diplomatic\nand trading contacts between Darius and the Chinese and Indian states. Rice-\ngrowing reached Egypt and Syria during the next two centuries...Southern Spain\nowed its first rice-fields to the Moors of Andalusia...Several attempts were\nmade to grow rice in Italy in the early Middle Ages. At the end of the\nthirteenth century the Visconti dukes of Milan, a very shrewd family, took a\npersonal interest in the possibilities of rice-growing, but it was their\nsuccessors, Galeazzo Sforza and his brother Ludovico Moro, who brought rice to\nthe Po delta, and with it prosperity...\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne\nToussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble Books:New York]\n1992 (p. 161-2)\n\n\"One of the unintentional end products of the clearing of the Lombardy plains\nfor the establishment of rice fields in the fifteenth century was risotto. The\nmotivation for the clearing and reclaimation of the plains was simply the\ndemand of the growing towns for food. That demand was met not by rice growers\nby budding capitalists who had the financial wherewithal to back the farmers\nin establishing these rice fields in the Po Valley. One of the earliest\nreferences I know of concerning rice in northern Italy is a letter of\nSeptember 27, 1475, from Galeazzo Maria Sfora to the Duke of Ferrara\nconcerning twelve sacks of rice....It is a typical part of the story that\nprofit margins were kept high as riziculture in Lombardy meant the near\nenslavement of workers who were not organized, including children exposed to\nbarbarous cruelties, according to a Lombard ordinance of 1590 seeking to stop\nthis practice...\" ---A Mediterranean Feast, Clifford A. Wright [William\nMorrow:New York] 1999 (p. 587)\n\n\"Risotto. A dish of creamy cooked rice that has absorbed a good quantity of\nbroth to make it flavorful and tender...The most famous risotto is made \"alla\nmilanese,\" from Milan. It is flavored with saffron and contains beef marrow.\nLegend has it that the dish dates to 1574, when a stained-glass worker on\nMilan's cathedral, who was known for the yellow color of his glass, which he\nachieved by adding saffron to his pigments, colored the rice at the wedding of\nhis boss's daughter, whereupon the guests pronounced the dish \"Risus optimus\"\n(Latin for \"excellent rice\"). Thereafter such yellow-tinted rice was called\nrisotto all milanese.\" ---Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani\n[Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 218-9)\n\n\"Northern Italians fancy themselves as having a monopoly on the consumption of\nrice, but in fact rice first entered Europe as a foodstuff via Arab-occupied\nSpain and Sicily. The Romans knew rice only as an extremely expensive\ncommodity imported in small quantities form India for medicinal purposes, buy\nthe Saracens were so skilled in irrigation that they were able to create\npaddies in the area around Lentini, to the south of Catania...where the\ncultivation of rice persisted into the eighteenth century.\" ---Pomp and\nSustenance, Twenty-Five Centuries of Sicilian Food, Mary Taylor Simeti [Ecco\nPress:Hopewell NJ] 1989 (p. 69)\n\nMedieval cookery texts sometimes included sweet recipes combining rice, almond\nmilk and spices, a recipe originating in Turkey. The fact that rice was\nthought to have medicinal value at that time is confirmed here:\n\n> \"7. On Rice Rice [risum], which I think was called oriza in the ancient\n> spelling, is of warm and dry force, and for this reason it is very\n> nourishing, especially if it has been seasoned with ground almonds, milk,\n> and sugar, as will be described later. When it is cooked down it pure water,\n> it constricts the belly. Its frequent use, however, harms those accustomed\n> to suffer with pain in the bowel.\" ---De Honesta Voluptate [On Right\n> Pleasure], Platina, Book VII [1475] critical edition and translation by Mary\n> Ella Milham, Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies Volume 168, Tempe AZ (p.\n> 309)\n\nModern risotto\n\n\"Risotto. A celebrated and popular rice dish which originated in the rice-\ngrowing areas of North Italy. It has something in common with paella and\npilaf, in that rice is cooked in a liquid with other ingredients whose flavour\nis absorbed by the grains, but the method is quite different; risotto is\nprobably a peasant dish which has become sophisticated. The first recipes were\npublished in the mid-19th century by Artusi, the first celebrated Italian\ncookery writer, and Vialardi, later chef to King Victor Emmanuel...Towards the\nend of the 20th century a steady expansion of the concept of risotto was\nobservable, especially in restaurants...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan\nDavidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 666) [NOTE: Pellegrino\nArtusi's Science in the Kitchen and the Art of Eating Well (c. 1891) contains\nthe following risotto recipes: Risotto Colle Telline (Rice with Clams),\nRisotto Colle Tinche (Rice with Tench), Risotto nero Colle Seppie Alla\nFiorentina (Blask Risotto with Cuttlefish Florentine Style), Risotto Coi\nPiselle (Rice with Peas), Risotto Coi Funghi (Rice with Mushrooms), Risotto\nCoi Pomodori (Rice with Tomatoes), Risotto Alla Milanese I (Rice Milanese\nStyle I), Risotto Alla Milanese II, Risotto Alla Milanese III, Risotto Coi\nRangocchi (Rice with Frogs), Risotto Coi Gamberi (Rice with Prawns) & Risotto\nCol Brodo Di Pesce (Rice in Fish Broth).]\n\n\"Risotto. Although Fannie Farmer includes a \"Rissoto Creole\"...in the revised\nBoston Cooking-School Cook Book [1906] and Ida C. Baily Allen offers what she\ncalls \"Risotto alla Milanese\" in Mrs. Allen's Cook Book [1917], risotto can\nhardly be said to have made the grade until well after World War II. Credit\nMarcella Hazan (The Classic Italian Cook Book 1973) with putting it on the\nculinary map of America. Certainly it was she who taught us how to prepare\nrisotto properly. Still, only when arborio (short-grain rice) became widely\navailable (the 80s) did many American cooks attempt risotto in earnest. Today\nwhole books are devoted to the art of making risotto...\" ---American Century\nCook Book: the most popular recipes of the 20th Century, Jean Anderson\n[Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 216)\n\n\"Some time after World War II risotto (rice cooked in stock with the addition\nof meat and vegetables) became as acceptably American as San Francisco's\nGhirardelli Square; a similarly popular one-dish meal, eagerly admired by\nmothers with a kitchen full of children and no domestic help, combined rice\nand sweet Italian sausage. Something called \"Italian seasoning\" was packaged\ncommercially to seduce cooks whose herb shelves were otherwise bare.\"\n---American Food: The Gastronomic Story, Evan Jones, 2nd edition [Vintage\nBooks:New York] 1981 (p. 155)\n\nRelated foods? Rice pudding & paella.\n\nWaffles Waffles descend from Ancient obleios, batter baked between two hot\nirons. The impressed patterns we know today originated in the middle ages. The\nDutch and the French were masters of this culinary art. Belgian waffles, as we\nknow them today, were introduced in 1958.\n\nWhat are waffles? \"Waffles, Gaufre. The French waffle is a very light type of\nsweep pastry cooked between the two buttered and heated plates of waffle iron.\nThe plates, decorated with embossed patterns, are fixed to the ends of two\nlong iron stems hinged together. Waffles are mentioned in the poems of the end\nof the twelfth century when they were made and sold in the streets. On great\nreligious feast days the waffle-sellers would set their stalls at the doors of\nthe churches and bake their waffles which were eaten piping hot. The best\nquality waffles were called metiers.\" ---New Larousse Gastronomique [Crown:New\nYork] 1977 (p. 971)\n\nThe Greek connection \"The ancient Greeks used to cook very flat cakes, which\nthey called obleios, between two hot metal plates. This method of cooking\ncontinued to be used in the Middle Ages by the obloyeurs who made all sorts of\noublies, which were flat or rolled into coronets. The oublie became the waffle\nin the 13th century, when a craftsman had the idea of forging some cookie\nplates reproducing the characteristic pattern of honeycombs, which at that\ntime were called gaufres (from the Old French wafla).\" ---Larousse\nGastronomique, Completely Revised and Updated [Clarkson Potter:New York] 2001\n(p. 1285)\n\nWhy do we call them waffles? \"The word [waffle] is from the Dutch wafel, and\nfirst appeared in English print in 1735. The item was known to the Pilgrims,\nwho had spent time in Holland before sailing to America in 1620, and waffle\nparties became popular in the latter part of the eighteenth century. Thomas\nJefferson returned from France with a waffle iron, a long-handled patterned\ngriddle that encloses the batter and gives it its characteristic crispness and\nshape. A century later vendors on city streets sold waffles hot and slathered\nwith molasses or maple syrup. Waffles continued to be extremely popular\nbreakfast items in the twentieth century, an electric waffle irons made the\ntiming of the cooking easier. Then, in 1953 Frank Dorsa introduced frozen\nwaffles into supermarkets, calling them Eggo Waffles. At the 1964 World's Fair\nBelgian Waffles made with yeast and thicker than the usual waffle, were an\nimmediate sensation, and they are sold today at stands, county fairs,\ncarnivals, and other fast-food outlets.\" ---The Encyclopedia of American Food\nand Drink, John Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (page 343)\n\nBelgian waffles Remember the Belgian waffles served at the New York World's\nFair, 1964-1965? Thick, chewy, hot and delicious. Who knew? Waffles could be\nthe perfect dessert!\n\n\"The one food delicacy sure to survive the closing, this weekend, of the New\nYork World's Fair is the Belgian waffle. It is due to join the international\nroster of staple snacks, along with hot dogs, pizza pies, and ice cream. First\nthe Brussels Fair in 1958, then the Seattle Fair, and two years running of the\nNew Yor Fair have managed to launch this tasty confection in fair fashion.\nLiterally millions of visitors to New York have enjoyed that delectable aroma\nof waffles crisping to a golden brown in hot ovens. As their defense\nmechanisms toppled and they chirped, 'I'll have one,' an attendant would\ndecorate that 3 1/2 X 7-inch slab of golden goodness with ribbons of whipped\nream pushed through a pastry gun, then splash it generously with squishy\nstrawberries, and hand it over...Most people ate them off a waxed napkin.\nThose who wanted to be daintier cut them up with a fork...Is the Belgian\nwaffle from Belgium? Of course. That country has been famous for its waffles\nfor generations. Belgians make them at home and serve them with whipped cream\nor butter, and sometimes with fresh fruit. They like them for afternoon tea or\ndessert. Waffles have thrived for years as a delicacy at Belgian seaside\nresorts. The original Belgian waffle, to be commercialized at international\nfairs is called by the copyrighted name of 'Bel-Gem Waffle.' It is made here\nby B.F.E. Company, Inc., an American offshoot of a Belgian wafflemaking outfit\nwhich dates back to 1818. More than 3,000,000 Bel-Gem waffles will have been\nsold at 99 cents each by this company's seven concessions by the time the New\nYork World's Fair closes Oct. 17. The president of this company is hoping not\nonly to sell its World's Fair wafflemaking equipment but franchises for making\nthem to dealers across the country...This original Belgian waffle has been\njoined at the fair by many reasonable facsimiles--including Belgium Waffles,\nBelgische Wafels, and Brussels Waffles. They are fluffy, more than an inch\ndeep, and made over gas heat, which is said to be the most dependable and\nconstant. Once the fair is closed forever, don't be surprised to see Belgian\nwaffles turning up out your way. Five young businessmen in Chicago, inspired\nby the World's Fair success of the Belgian waffle, have already formed a\ncompany called Belgian Queen, Inc. The designed their own wafflemaking machine\nand are having it manufactured here. They had a food company work out their\nown waffle-mix formula and even their own whipped topping mix. They are now\nmaking Belgian Queen waffles available at 75 cents and 80 cents in department\nstores, amusement parks, motels, state fair, drive-ins, resorts, etc. Being\nadventurous fellows, they are also experimenting with many kinds of topping,\nincluding fresh peaches, berries of all kinds, coconut, pineapple, and\nchocolate-mocha.\" ---\"Meet Manhattan: Fans Stick to Belgian Waffles,\" Marilyn\nHoffman, Christian Science Monitor, October 12, 1865 (p. 8) [NOTE: Additional\nNYC World's Fair Fare here.\n\nRecipes over time:\n\n> [1683] \"To Fry Waffles For each pound [one English pound, or 454 grams] of\n> Wheat-flour take a pint [about a half a litre] of sweet Milk, a little tin\n> bow, of melted Butted with 3 or 4 Eggs, a spoonful of Yeast well stirred\n> together.\" ---De Verstandige Kock (The Sensible Cook) [Netherlands, 1683?],\n> Translated and Edited by Peter G. Rose [Syracuse University Press:Syracuse]\n> 1989 (p. 76)\n>\n> [1849] \"Waffles Put two pints of rich milk into separate pans. Cut up and\n> melt in one of them a quarter of a pound of butter, warming it slightly;\n> then, when it is melted, stir it about, and set it away to cool. Beat eight\n> eggs till very light, and mix them gradually into the other pan of milk,\n> alternately with half a pound of flour. The mix it by degrees the milk that\n> has the butter in it. Lastly, stir in a large table-spoonfull of strong\n> fresh yeast. Cover the pan and set it near the fire to rise. When the batter\n> is quite light, heat your waffle-iron, by putting it among the coals of a\n> clear bright fire; grease the inside with butter tied in a rag, and then put\n> in some batter. Shut the iron closely, and when the waffle is done on one\n> side, turn the iron on the other. Take the cake out by slipping a knife\n> underneath; and then heat and grease the iron for another waffle. Send them\n> to table quite hot, four or six on a plage; having buttered them and strewed\n> over each a mixture of powdered cinnamon, and white sugar. Or you may send\n> the sugar and cinnamon in a little glass bowl.\" ---Directions for Cookery in\n> its Various Branches, Miss Leslie [Philadelphia, 1849]. (p. 359)\n>\n> [1858] \"Wheat Waffles One quart of flour, and a teaspoonful of salt. One\n> quart of milk, with a tablespoonful of melted butter in it, and mixed with\n> the flour gradually, so as not to have lumps. Three tablespoonfuls of\n> distillery yeast. When raised, two well-beaten eggs. Bake in waffle-irons\n> well oiled with lard each time they are used. Lay one side on coals, and in\n> about two minutes turn the other side to the coals.\n>\n> \"Mrs. B.'s Waffles One quart of flour, and a teaspoonful of salt. One qurt\n> of sour milk, with two tablespoonfulls of butter melted in it. Five well-\n> beated eggs. A Teaspoonful for more of saleratus [precursor of baking soda],\n> enough to sweeten the milk. Baked in waffle irons. Some like one tea-cup\n> full of sugar added.\" ---Miss Beecher's Domestic Receipt Book, Catharine E.\n> Beecher [New York, 1858] (p. 96)\n>\n> [1962] \"Libby's Hot Waffles 1 1/2 cups sifted all-purpose flour 3 teaspoons\n> double-acting baking powder 1/2 teaspoon salt 2 teaspoons sugar 2 cups milk\n> 2 eggs, separated 1/4 cup melted butter or margarine, or salad oil\n> Directions for assembly follow. From the same book \"Packaged frozen waffles\n> are delicious.\" ---Good Housekeeping Cook Book, Dorothy B. Marsh, editor\n> [1962] (pps. 336-337)\n>\n> [1971] \"Gaufres de Bruxelles (Brussels Waffles) 2 1/2 cups all purpose flour\n> 5 eggs 1/4 cup powdered sugar Pinch salt 1 teaspoon vanilla extract 1 cup\n> milk 5 tab;espoons melted butter Mix flour, egg yolks, sugar, salt, vanilla,\n> milk and butter. Whip egg whites quite firm. Gradually incorporate into\n> paste, mix well. Cook in slightly buttered waffle iron. As soon as waffles\n> are done coat with additional powdered sugar. Serve warm. Makes 10-12.\"\n> ---The Art of Belgian Cooking, Sarah Miles Watts with Rene Colau [Doubleday\n> & Company:Garden City NY] 1971 (p. 183)\n\nAbout waffle irons \"Surviving inventories often indicate that rural homes in\nfourtheenth-century Tuscany as well as Burgundy often contained metal\nutensils. Iron skillets were the most common, along with copper pots and\nkettles...pastry-making was mainly left to the professionals. Nevertheless, we\ndo find molds of pates, tarts, and flans in private homes. Only professionals\nand the wealthiest private kitchens possessed waffle irons and griddles. The\nnumerous waffle recipes contained in medieval cookbooks suggest that waffles\nwere a savory pastry often made with cheese. This probably accounts for the\ncheese graters found a a few sites.\" ---Food: A Culinary History, Jean-Louis\nFlandrin and Massimo Montanari [Columbia University Press:New York] 1999 (p.\n341)\n\n\"It is not only from excavations that we can learn. Written inventories also\nhelp in the search for remnants of the Dutch past. In the inventory of the\nextensive possessions of Margareta van Slichtenhorst Schuyler (ca. 1630-1711),\nwe find a brass poffer pan as well as a wafer iron. From the inventory of the\nbelongings of Anna de Peyster (1701-74)...we learn that she possessed a\nbillabusse pan and a waffle iron.\" ---The Sensible Cook: Dutch Foodways in the\nOld and the New World, translated and edited by Peter G. Rose [Syracuse\nUniversity Press:Syracuse] 1989 (p. 22)\n\nElectric waffle irons were introduced in the first decade of the 20th century.\nThey became standard household items by the 1930s. Some history on the\nintroduction of electric appliances to American kitchens from the Smithsonian\nInstitution\n\nOne of the best sources for the history of antique kitchen items is this book:\n300 Years of Kitchen Collectibles/Linda Franklin (p. 366-377)\n\nNeed pictures? EBay currently offers 100+ waffle irons from 18th century to\npresent.\n\nRelated food? Pizzelle.\n\nPancakes & crepes Did you know that the first pancake-type foods were eaten by\nprehistoric peoples? No, they were not the same pancakes we eat today. These\nsimple, fried concoctions of milk, flour, eggs and spices were called \"Alita\nDolcia\" (Latin for \"another sweet\") by the Ancient Romans. Depending upon the\nproportion of ingredients and method of cooking, the finished product might\nhave approximated pancakes, fritters, omlettes, or custard. Some of these\ndishes were sweet (fruit, nuts, honey); others were savory (cheese, fish,\nmeat). These ancient recipes are also thought to be the relatives of waffles,\ncakes, muffins, fritters, spoonbread and doughnuts. Pancakes, as we Americans\nknow them today, were \"invented\" in Medieval Europe.\n\nThroughout history, pancake ingredients (finest available wheat flour,\nbuckwheat, cornmeal, potatoes), cooking implements (ancient bakestones,\nmedieval hearths, pioneer griddles perched on campfire embers, microwave\novens), social rituals (Shrove Tuesday crepes, Chanukah latkes, mass\nquantities for community pancake breakfast fundraisers) and final product\n(thick or thin, savory or sweet, slathered with butter and smothered with\nsyrup, or gently rolled around delicate fruit) have reflected regional cuisine\nand local customs. Cake-like galettes [France], thick potato pancakes\n[Germany], Boxty [Ireland], paper thin crepes [France], palascinta [Hungary],\ndrop scones [Scotland], injera [Ethiopia], trid [Morocco], coarse cornmeal\nIndian cakes [colonial America], flapjacks [19th century America], rich blini\n[Russia], poori [India], qata'if (Middle East) dadar gutung [Indonesia], bao\nbing [China] and generic hot cakes are all members of the pancake family.\n\nThe connection between pancakes and Shrove Tuesday (the day before the\nChristian season of Lent begins) is rooted in the need to deplete stores of\neggs and fat...both forbidden by the Catholic Church for consumption during\nLent. The practice began in Medieval times and continues today (in some\nplaces) in the form of \"Pancake Day.\" Modern American pancake syrups surfaced\nin the late 1880s.\n\n\"We may speculate with the archaeologist regarding the earliest culianry\ntechnologies available at the dawn of humanity... among these...must be the\nprimeval griddle, perhaps a flat rock, daubed with grease...Any primitive\ngrain or truber, dried, pounded and moistened, could have given rise to the\nvery first pancake. With the domestication of wheat in the Fertile Crescent,\ncorn in the Americas and rice in Asia...the pancake would find expression in\ncountless forms.\" ---Pancake: A Global History, Ken Albala [Reaktion\nBooks:London] 2008 (p. 20) [NOTE: we highly recommend this new book. Ask your\nlocal public librarian to help you get a copy!]\n\n\"The griddle method of cooking is older than oven baking, and pancakes are an\nancient form. The first pancakes clearly distinguishable from plain griddle\nbreads are sweet ones mentioned by Apicius; these were made from a batter of\negg, mixed milk and water, and a little flour, fried and served with pepper\nand honey...Throughout Europe pancakes had a place among Easter foods,\nespecially on Shrove Tuesday (or Mardi Gras), the last day before Lent.\nCustoms varied from country to country...One peculiarly English institution is\nthe pancake race. The oldest of these has been held at Olney in\nBuckinghamshire, in most years since 1445...\" ---Oxford Companion to Food,\nAlan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 571)\n\n\"Pancakes are traditionally served on Candlemas and Shrove Tuesday, to\ncelebrate renewal, family life, and hopes for good fortune and happiness in\nthe future. It is customary in France to touch the handle of the frying pan,\nand make a wish while the pancake is turned, holding a coin in the hand. In\nFrench rural society, crepes were also considered to be a symbol of\nallegiance: farmers offered them to their landowner....\" ---Larousse\nGastronomique, Jenifer Harvey Lang, New American Edition [Crown Publishers:New\nYork]1989 (p. 332)\n\n\"Pancakes, which were so popular in all classes, could be made with the\nsimplest kind of equipment. A skillet and a grill over a heap of small coals\nor wood were alll that was needed. For the hurried professional cook, pancakes\nwere a boon. They were easily an quickly prepared. They were also useful to\nintersperse with the fish and egg dishes for fast- or fish-day meals, as well\nas to fill menus on meat days. One of the advantages of such batters, then and\nnow, is that they can be mixed up ahad of time.\" ---Dining With William\nShakespeare, Madge Lorwin [Atheneum:New York] 1976 (p. 141)\n\nAccording to the Harvard Concordance to Shakespeare, Marvin Spevack,\nShakespeare mentions pancakes four times in two plays. Both plays were\ncomedies and both characters referencing this food were clowns. Interesting,\nyes?\n\nAll's Well that Ends Well\n\n \n\n\"As fit as ten groats is for the hand of an attorney, as your French crown for\nyou taffety punk, as Tib's rush for Tom's forefinger, as a pancake for Shrove\nTuesday, a morris for May-day, as the nail to his hole, the cockold to his\nhorn, as a scolding quean to a wrangling knave, as the nun's lip to the\nfriar's mouth, nay, as the pudding to his skin.\" [2.02 23]\n\nAs You Like It\n\n \"Of a certain knight, that swore by his honor they were good pancakes, and wore by his honor the mustard was naught. Now I'll stand to it, the pancakes were naught, and the mustard was good, and yet was not the knight forsworn.\" [1.02 64-7]\n\nIn Sweden, pancakes are traditional Thursday winter's night dessert, following\npea soup. This hearty combination has been enjoyed since the Middle Ages:\n\"Swedish pea soup is regarded as a real national dish. It has been served\nevery Thursday in most Swedish homes for hundreds of years. During the cold\nwinter it makes a very satisfying meal, economical as well as filling. The\nsoup is served as a main course with boiled pork, The traditional dessert\nafter pea soup is Swedish Pancakes or \"Plattar\", served with jam or\nlingonberrries...It makes very good eating, although it is a bit on the heavy\nside for modern poeple...The exact cooking time of the peas is hard to say,\nsome peas take longer than others. There is no harm in overcooking, so you can\neasily cook soup ahead of time.\" ---Swedish Cooking at its Best, Marianne\nGronwall van der Tuuk [Rand McNally:Chicago] 1962 (p. 62)\n\nIn the United States, pancakes are commonly served for breakfast: \"Pancakes\nhave long been a staple of the American breakfast table, and their history is\nas old as that of the Native Americans who shaped a soft batter in their hands\nand called it, in the Narragansett, nokehick (it is soft), transmuted by early\nwhite settlers into \" no cake.\" Cornmeal pancakes were called \"Indian cakes\"\nas early as 1607. The Dutch in America made similar cakes from buckwheat,\npanekoeken, which by 1740 were called \"buckwheat cakes.\" English settlers\nbrought with them the feast of Pancake Tuesday, an old name for Shrove\nTuesday, the day before the Lenten fast begins...By 1745 Americans were also\nreferring to hoe cakes,\" perhaps because they were cooked on a flat hoe\nblade...One of the most beloved versions of this simple cake is the Johnnycake\n[also known as journey cake], specifically associated with Rhode Island...The\nword \"pancake\" itself was not in general usage until the 1870s...\"\n---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-\nFriedman:New York] 1999 (p. 229-30) (This is only a small portion of the\ninformation on pancakes found in this book. Ask your librarian to help you\nfind this book for additional facts and trivia. Historic recipes for hoe\ncakes).\n\nA sampler of historic pancake recipes:\n\n> 1st century Ova svongia ex lacte, Apicius [NOTE: this recipe is often cited\n> as a recipe for pancakes, but it does not include a thickening agent (flour,\n> ground pulse). The ingredients and instructions indicate this dish would\n> have produced an omlette.\n>\n> 13th century White crepes or pancakes\n>\n> 1615 To make pancakes so crispe that you may set them upright, A New Booke\n> of Cookerie, John Murrell [London]\n>\n> 1615 The English House-Wife, Gervase Markham [London] (p. 56-7) \"The best\n> Pancake. To make the best Pancake, take two or three eggs, and breake them\n> into a dish, and beate them well: Then adde unto them a pretty quantity of\n> faire running water, and beate all well together: Then put in cloves, mace,\n> cinnamon, and a nutmegge, and season it with salt; which done make thicke as\n> you thinke good with fine wheate flower: The frie the cakes as thinne as may\n> bee with sweet butter, or sweete seame, and madke them browne, and so serve\n> them up with sugar strowed upon them. There be some which mixe Pancakes with\n> new milke or creame, but that makes them tough, cloying, and not so crispe,\n> pleasant and savory as running water.\" ---The English Housweife, Gervase\n> Markham, transcribed and edited 1615 edition, by Michael R. Best[McGill-\n> Queens University Press:Montreal] 1994, 1998 (p. 68-69) [NOTE: we own an\n> original 1660 edition of this book, printed by W. Wilson, for E. Brewster,\n> and George. This exact recipe appears on p. 55-57)\n>\n> 1683 De Verstandige Kock, translated and edited [Syracuse University\n> Press:Syracuse NY] 1989 by Peter G. Rose [Holland] \"To fry common pancakes.\n> For each pond on Wheat-flour take a pint of sweet Milk and 3 eggs. Some add\n> some Sugar to it.\"\n>\n> \"To fry the best kind of Pancakes. Take 5 or 6 eggs with clean, running\n> water, add to it Cloves, Cinnamon, Mace, and Nutmeg with some Salt, beat it\n> with some Wheat-flour as thick as you like, fry them and sprinkle them with\n> Sugar; these are prepared with running water because [when prepared] with\n> Milk or Cream they would be tough.\" (p. 76)\n>\n> 1769 The Experienced Housekeeper, Elizabeth Raffald [London] \"To Make Wafer\n> Pancakes\" Beat four eggs well with two spoonfuls of fine flour and two of\n> cream, one ounce of loaf sugar beat and sifter, half a nutmeg grated. Put a\n> little cold butter in a clean cloth and rub your pan well with it. Pour your\n> batter and make it as thin as a wafer, fry it only on one side. Put them on\n> a dish and grate sugar betwixt every pancake, and send them hot to the\n> table.\" (p. 80) [NOTE: Mrs. Raffald also povided recipes for cream, clary\n> and batter pancakes. Her book was recently reprinted by Southover Press,\n> introduction by Roy Shipperbottom. If you want to see the other recipes ask\n> your librarian to borrow a copy for you.]\n>\n> 1884 Mrs. Lincoln's Boston Cook Book, Mary Johnson Lincoln [Boston]\n> buckwheat cakes & French pancakes\n\nRecommended Reading: Pancake: A Global History/Ken Albala Pancakes\nAplenty/Ruth Ellen Church [cookbook c. 1962] Pancake Cookbook/Myra Waldo [c.\n1963]\n\nWhat is a flapjack? Flapjacks (aka flatjacks, slapjacks) is an American name\nfor a variety of pancake-type foods. Food historians generally agree the term\noriginated in New England. Generally, they are thicker and cruder than fine-\nbatter pancakes.\n\n\"The term flapjack has had a variety of designations in the course of its\ncareer. Originally it denoted at sort of thick pancake ('a Flapjack, which in\nour translation is called a Pancake,' John Taylor, Jack-a-Lent, 1620), and\nthat is how it is still used in the USA. Flap in this context means 'toss'.\nAccording to the Oxford English Dictionary a flapjack used also be be a sort\nof apple tart or apple turnover (called applejack in dialects of eastern\nEngland). And in the 1930s we see the first evidence of the word's present-day\nBritish usage, for a biscuit made from rolled oats, syrup, and butter.\" ---An\nA to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p.\n126-7)\n\n\"By the nineteenth century northerners were referring to \"flapjacks\" and\n\"griddle cakes,\" which by the 1830s and 1840s were being made with white flour\nrather than cornmeal.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F.\nMarinani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 229)\n\n[Amelia Simmons] employs some interesting Americanisms: Slapjack, which I take\nto be a colonial misreading of flapjack (f and long s being confusingly\nsimilar), a regional term for pancake in England (Norfolk, says Halliwell)\nthat was recorded by 1600. ---Karen Hess, introductory notes from The Virginia\nHouse-wife, Mary Randolph [University of South Carolina Press:Columbia SC]\n1985 (p. xvii)\n\n\"Flapjack. A sort of broad pancake. Also, an apple-puff.\" ---An American\nDictionary of the English Language, Noah Webster [Gerge and Charles\nMerriam:Springfield MA] 1854 (p. 458)\n\n\"Flapjack (Tot-fait, Fr.). A broad, flat pancake, of rather crude preparation,\nalso known as Slapjack.\" ---Master Dictionary of Food & Cookery, Henry Smith\n[Philosphical Library:New York] 1950, 1951 (p. 96)\n\n\"Indian flapjack...(2) 1835 P. Shirreff Tour 221 Into one of those pans some\nsmall loaves were placed...and in the other, batter-cakes, called flapjacks,\nwere prepared.\" ---A Dictionary of Americanisms on Historical Principles,\nMitford M. Mathews, editor [University of Chicago Press:Chicago] 1951 (p. 625)\n\n\"Flapjack. 1. A pancake. Also called clapjack,flapcake, flapover, flatcake,\nflatjack, flipjack, flipper, flopjack, flopover, slapjack. 1789 Thomas' MA Spy\nor Worcester Gaz. (MA) 1 Mar, Danties [sic] of all sorts, too, are\nhere...Pies, custards, cranb'ry tarts, and flapjacks. 2. A kind of fried bread\nor biscuit...3. A fruit turnover\" ---Dictionary of American Regional English,\nFrederic G. Cassidy and Joan Houston Hall, Volume II D-H [Belknap Pres of\nHarvard University Press:Cambridge MA] 1991 (p. 462) [NOTE: This source\ncontains several historic references for all three references. Your librarian\ncan help you obtain a copy of this book/page.]\n\n> [1845] Common Flat-Jacks, No. 1. One quarter sour milk, thicken it with\n> flour, two teaspoons of saleratus, and a little salt. Indian Flat-Facks, No.\n> 2. Scald a quart of Indian meal; when lukewarm, stir in half a pint of\n> flour, half a tea-cupful of yeast, and a little salt; when light, fry them\n> in just fat enough to prevent their sticking to the pan. Indian Griddle\n> Cakes, or Flat-Jacks, No. 3. One pint of Indian meal, one cup of flour, a\n> little salt and ginger, a tables-spoonful of molasses, a tea-spoonful of\n> saleratus, sour milk enough to make a stiff batter. Bake of fry them on a\n> griddle, or in a spider, like buck-wheat cakes. Rice Flat-Jacks, No. 4. Boil\n> some rice thin; add a pint of sour milk, then thicken it with flour; add a\n> little salt and saleratus. ---The New England Economical Housekeeper and\n> Family Receipt Book, Mrs. E.A. Howland, [E.P. Walton and Sons:Montpelier VT]\n> 1845 (p. 25-26)\n\nPancake syrups Maple syrup was crafted by Native Americans and adopted by\nEuropean colonists. Modern pancake syrups (aka imitation maple syrups,\nartificial maple syrups, blended maple syrups, syrups) were introduced to\nAmerican consumers in the late 1880s as an affordable alternative to the \"real\nthing.\" Quite possibly before (and after) this time, products containing less\nthan 100% pure maple syrup were sold to unwary consumers by unscrupulous\nbusinessmen. Food adulteration was a popular topic of the late 19th/early 20th\ncentury. This was the genesis of the U.S. Food and Drug Administation. Pure\nfood laws [1906] to current labeling regulations attempt to help consumers\nknow exactly what is contained in commercial food products.\n\n\"[1887] Log Cabin Syrup is introduced by St. Paul, Minn., grocer P.J. Towle,\nwho blends maple syrup (45 percent) and cane-sugar syrup to produce a product\nmuch lower in price than pure maple syrup. He markets it in a tin container\nshaped and decorated to look like the boyhood home of his boyhood hero Abraham\nLincoln.\" ---Food Chronology, James Trager [Henry Holt:New York] 1995 (p. 326)\n\n\"Maple sugar was an important food in the American diet throughout the 1700s.\nBy the late 1800s, however, maple sugar and maple syrup were becoming\nexpensive luxuries, especially outside the New England states. Many people who\npreferred the taste of maple syrup had to make do with less expensive corn\nsyrup- or molasses. It was this need for an affordable, maple-flavored syrup\nthat led Patrick J. Towle to create Log Cabin syrup in 1887. Towle reportedly\nnamed his syrup \"Log Cabin\" in honor of his boyhood hero, Abraham Lincoln. He\nregistered the log cabin as a trademark in 1897...In 1897 Towle began to sell\nhis syrup in small cabin-shaped tins manufactured in St. Paul by the Horn &\nDanz Company, a forerunner of the American Can Company, which continued to\nmake the tins into the 1950s. The handmade cabin design was patented by James\nWilliam Fuller of St. Paul on April 20, 1897. The packaging was an enormous\nsuccess and helped popularize Towle's Log Cabin Maple Syrup...Like many\nproducts at the turn of the century, Towle's Log Cabin Maple Syrup was\npromoted with a vareity of novelty itmes...In the early 1900s, Log Cabin syrup\nwas marketed primarily to women, the homemakers of the era, as a way to please\ntheir husbands.\" ---Encyclopedia of Consumer Brands, Volume 1: Consumable\nProducts, Janice Joregensen, editor [St. James Press:Detroit] 1994 (p. 344-5)\n\n\"Cane and corn syrups, along with artificial maple flavoring and a dash of\ncaramel, have take over. Log Cabin started out in the 1880's intended to be an\neconomical substitute for pure maple. It had 45 per cent maple then, and the\nlevel was reduced in stages over the decades as maple became more expensive\nand, in years when the weather was less than perfect, less readily\nobtainable...Aunt Jemima, a relative newcomer--it began with 15 per cent maple\nin 1966--dropped the maple primarily becuase of the weather'scaprices and\nbecause the company didn't think a vestigal touch of the stuff made much\ndifference to the taste. \" ---\"How Much Maple is in Maple Syrup?,\" Richard\nFlaste, New York Times, June 30, 1975 (p. 36) [NOTE: This article references\nUS government labeling regulations requiring \"maple syrups\" to have at least\n10 per cent maple. Items with less than that percentage are simply called\nsyrup, or the word syrup was dropped completely.]\n\n\"Pancake lovers, beware! The producer of Aunt Jemima pancake syrup hasn't\nbought a single drop of pure maple syrup this year because maple syrup costs\n$12 a gallon, and Americans have come to like--eve prefer--the taste and\nconsistency of imitation syrup. 'Our consumer tests showed that many people\nlike the artificial stuff better than the real thing,' commented a spokesman\nfor the Quaker Oats Company, which owns the Aunt Jemima name. 'Over the years\nthey've gotten uses to it.'...The largest food-proccesing companies, which\nproduce Log Cabin, Vermont Maid, Mrs. Butterworth's and Aunt Jemima syrup,\nhave either cut the content of real maple syrup down to 3 per cent from 15 per\ncent or are not including any of the real thing at all.\" ---\"Maple Syrup on\nthe Wane,\" New York Times, May 4, 1975 (p. 193)\n\nOf course, not everyone thought pancake syrup was a good idea: \"Someone has\npatented an imitation maple syrup. Such a patent can't hold water to a \"new\nand useful invention.\" It would be just as sensible to grant a patent on the\npyramids. If some one would patent a genuine maple syrup he would deserve the\nthanks fo every devotee of buckwheat.--Buffalo Express.\" ---New York Times,\nJune 4, 1888 (p. 4)\n\nRecords of the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office confirm Log Cabin brand syrups\nwere introduced to the American public May 1, 1888. The record does not\ncontain information regarding the process or content, only the trade name:\nWord Mark LOG CABIN Goods and Services IC 030. US 046. G & S: MAPLE SYRUP [\nAND MOLASSES ]. FIRST USE: 18880501. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 18880501 Mark\nDrawing Code (1) TYPED DRAWING Serial Number 71009380 Filing Date June 29,\n1905 Current Filing Basis 1A Original Filing Basis 1A Change In Registration\nCHANGE IN REGISTRATION HAS OCCURRED Registration Number 0061962 Registration\nDate April 9, 1907 Owner (REGISTRANT) TOWLE SYRUP COMPANY, THE DBA THE TOWLE\nMAPLE SYRUP COMPANY CORPORATION MINNESOTA CORNER OF CHICAGO AVENUE AND CUSTER\nSTRE ST. PAUL MINNESOTA (LAST LISTED OWNER) PINNACLE FOODS GROUP LLC LTD LIAB\nCO C/O THE CORPORATION TRUST COMPANY, CORPORATION, TRUST CENTER 1209 ORANGE\nSTREET WILMINGTON DELAWARE 19801 Assignment Recorded ASSIGNMENT RECORDED\nAttorney of Record Michael D. Fishman Type of Mark TRADEMARK Register\nPRINCIPAL Affidavit Text SECTION 8(10-YR) 20070518. Renewal 1ST RENEWAL\n20070518 Live/Dead Indicator LIVE\n\nAbout crepes Like pancakes, crepes trace their roots back to ancient Roman\ntimes. In Medieval France they were connected with Candlemas and Shrove\nTuesday, as symbols of good fortune and family life.\n\n\"Crepe, a pancake, made by cooking a thin batter sparingly in a very thin\nlayer in a frying or special crepe pan. The word comes from the Latin\n\"crispus,\" meaning curly or wavy...Pancakes [and crepes] are traditionally\nserved on Candlemas and Shrove Tuesday, to celebrate renewal, family life and\nhopes for good fortune and happiness in the future. It is customary in France\nto touch the handle of the frying pan and make a wish while the pancake is\nturned, holding a coin in the hand. In French rural society, crepes were also\nconsidered to be a symbol of allegiance: farmers offered them to their\nlandowner...In western France, particularly in Brittany, crepes are prepared\nthroughout the year and served with salted butter...Crepes...were extolled by\nAnatole France in Le Temps...In traditional cookery, crepes are served as a\nhot hors d'oeuvre, filled with a fairly thick mixture of veloute sauce with\nmushroooms, ham, Gruyere cheese or seafood. They may also be cut into find\nstrips and used to garnish soup. Most often, however, crepes are prepared as\nsweet dishes.\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Completely Revised and Updated\n[Clarkson Potter:New York] 2001 (p. 367)\n\n\"Crepes seem to be a French specialty. Neither the crispa and crispelli found\nrespectively in Latin and Italian texts nor the \"cryspes\" in English sources\nare really similar to what we think of a crepes: a mixture of flour, eggs, and\nliquid (milk or cream nowadays; water and wine in the Middle Ages) made into\nthick pancakes in a shallow pan. There is indeed every reason to think that\nthis preparation is specific to France, where it was already being prepared in\nthe pan known as a galettiere, judging by the description in Le Menagier de\nParis of a low-rimmed skipped with perpendicular, not flared sides (\"as broad\nat the top as at the base\"), which is the shape of a galettiere. On the other\nhand, crispa and crispelli were made of a leavened dough and were deep fried.\nWhile \"cryspes\" were indeed cooked in the same was as crepes, they were made\nof only flour and egg whites.\" ---The Medieval Kitchen: Recipes from France\nand Italy, Odile Redon, Francoise Sabban, & Silvano Serventi, translated by\nEdward Schneider [University of Chicago:Chicago] 1998 (p. 206-7)\n\nThis book translates the Medieval French crepe recipe found in Le Menagier de\nParis:\n\n> Crepes. Take some four, and moisten it with eggs, as many yolks as whites,\n> with the filaments removed, and mix with water and add salt and wine, and\n> beat everything together for a long time; then put some lard on the fire in\n> a little iron pan, or half lard and half fresh butter, and let it bubble;\n> and then take a bowl pierced with a hold as wide as your little finger, and\n> then put the batter in a dish; beginning with the center, let it flow all\n> over the pan; then put it in a plate with powdered sugar on tip. And that\n> iron or bronze pan should hold three chopines, and have a rim half a\n> finger's-breadth high and should be as broad at the top as at the base,\n> neither more nor less; there is a good reason for this.\" (p. 229)\n\nWho invented Crepes Suzette? \"A Crepe Suzette is a light pancake served rolled\nup or folded over in an orange sauce, sprinkled with an orange-based liqueur\nor brandy and flambeed at table. It seems to have come on the scene around the\nturn of the twentieth century, but its prcise origins and the reason for its\nname are not clear. The chef Henri Charpentier made great play with having\ninvented the dish at the Cafe de Paris, Monte Carlo in 1896 for the Prince of\nWales, and named it after the young lady who was the prince's companion on\nthat particular occasion, but his claim has been shown to be an imposture. The\nfirst know preference to such crepes in print comes in August Escofferi's\nModern Cookery 1907), in which he refers to them by the English name Suzette\npancakes.\" ---An A to Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 96)\n\n\"In 1897 Suzanne Reichenberg, an actress who was known professionally by the\nsimple name of Suzette, was appearing at the Comedie Francaise in the role of\na maid. The plot of the play involved a meal at which she served crepes.\nMonsieur Joseph, proprieter of the nearby Restaurant Marivaux, provided the\ncrepes for each perfomance. To attract the attention of the audience as well\nas to heat the creps for the actors who must eat them night after night, they\nwere served flambe. Later Joseph moved on to the savoy Hotel in London and\nserved his now famous dessert to the diners there. The widely accepted claim\nof Henri Charpentier, French maitre d'hotel and later restaurant owner in the\nUnited States, that he invented the crepes almost accidentally while serving\nEdward, Prince of Wales, is completely spurious. It is possible, though, that\nit was he who made them seem the essence of sophistication to many Americans\nduring the 1930s.\" ---Rare Bits: Unusual Origins of Popular Recipes, Patricia\nBunning Stevens [Ohio University Press:Athens OH] 1998 (p. 216)\n\nWho was Henri Charpentier? \"Henri Charpentier, one of the world's great chefs,\nwho frequently was credited with being the creator of crepes Suzette...He was\nchef to the royalty at the turn of the century, the dandies of Edwardian\nEngland, the millionaires of America's flourishing twenties, and ended his\ndays serving sumptuous meals in a tiny cottage to a clientele that included\nthe notables of Hollywood...Among those he cooked for were Queen Victoria,\nKing Edward VII of England, King Leopold of Belgium, Sarah Bernhardt...John D.\nRockefeller, Diamond Jim Brady, Lillian Russell and President Theodore\nRoosevelt...M. Charpentier operated one of the world's most unusual\nrestaurants in his home at this seaside suburb [Redondo Beach, California].\nClients had to place reservations four years in advance to get served. The\ndining room held twelve, sometimes sixteen persons. The dinner stook all day\nto prepare and four hours to consume, and cost $8. While the guests dined, M.\nCharpentier usually sat in a rocking chair near bu, regaling them with\nremininiscences of an age the world will never see again...M. Charpentier,\nborn in Nice, France, was a cousin of the famed chef, August Escoffier., and\nalso his student...The famed chef loved to tell guests at his restaurant the\nstory of a memorable breakfast sixty-five years ago on the terrace of the Cafe\nde Paris in Monte Carlo. 'I was only 16...and was serving the Prince of\nWales...later Edward VII... Among the diners at the Prince's tables was a\nbeautiful French girl named Suzette...His Highness ordered crepes...I mixed\nthe sauce and added a brandy blend of my own. As I did, the flame of the\nchafing dish accidentally set the simmering cordials afire. 'I was\nembarrassed, but I did not show it. I poured the fiery sauce on the crepes, as\nif the flames were set on purpose. The prince tasted, then he smiled, and\nsaid\" 'Henri, what have you done with these crepes? They are superb!' ' I was\nthrilled, and offered to name them in his honor. But he declined...he said,\n'We must always remember that the ladies come first. We will call this\nglorious thing crepes Suzette.'...Henri's in East Rockaways, L.I. was perhaps\nthe island's most famous restaurant from the century's early years until the\nlate Thirties. It had neither menus, music nor bar service. Such diners as\nJ.P. Morgan, Diamond Jim Brady and Marshal Ferdinand Foch paid staggering\nbills without comment. After 1930...changing times and tastes forced M.\nCharpentier to provide a menu...The restaurant closed in 1938, at which time\nhe blamed high taxes and a lack of appreciation for fine food. He had lost his\nother restaurant...in Rockefeller Center, in 1935... when he was evicted for\nfalling behind in rent.\" ---\"Henri Charpentier, Chef, Dies; Was Creator of\nCrepes Suzette,\" New York Times, December 25, 1961 (p. 23) [NOTE: In 1935 the\nUSA was mired in the Great Depression. Many businesses (of all kinds) could\nnot pay rent and sought bankruptcy protection. This was not automatically\ncaused by a company's poor service or inferior products. In tough econonomic\ntimes consumer confidence wanes & spending slows.]\n\n> [1907] \"Crepes Suzette These are prepared with Mixture A flavoured with\n> Curacao and tangerine juice. Spread the pancakes like Gil-Blas pancakes with\n> softened buttered flavoured with Curacao and tangerine juice. Mixture A:\n> ingredients: 500 g (1 lb 2 oz) sifted flour, 200 g (7 oz) caster sugar, a\n> pinch of fine salt, 12 eggs, 1 1/2 litre (2 5/8 pt or 6 1/2 U.S. cups) milk.\n> Method: Place the flour, sugar and salt in a basin, add the eggs and the\n> milk little by little, whisking it well to form a smooth batter. Flavour\n> with 1 tbs vanilla sugar or orange or lemon sugar which should be included\n> in the weight of sugar given above. The mixture may be flaboured with 3 tbs\n> of Kirsch, brandy or rum.\" ---The Complete Guide to the Art of Modern\n> Cookery, Escoffier, translated into English by H.L. Cracknell and R.J.\n> Kaufmann [John Wiley:New York] 1997(p. 524)\n\nWhy crepes are folded in different ways? Interesting question. We are not\nfinding any official explanation that connects the practice to a particular\nregion or (social, religious) custom. Our French cookbooks and several Web\nsites suggest the method of folding is determined by how the cook envisions\nthe final product. Traditionally, filled crepes are rolled or stacked; plain\nor topped crepes are folded in quarters (fan shape).\n\nRelated foods? Hot cakes, doughnuts, fritters & waffles.\n\nInjera [Ethiopia] Injera (enjara) is a thin, round yeast bread which plays an\nimportant role in the traditional cuisine of Ethiopia. Middle Eastern Pita and\nnaan and Central American tortillas serve similar functions in culture and\ncuisine.\n\n\"A meal begins with ritual handwashing. Water is poured from an ornate jug\nover the fingers of the right hand, whihc are wiped on a clean towel. Only\nthose fingers are used for eating. Breads are held in the right hand too, to\nwrap, scoop, or dip into foods and sauces. For the main meal of the day, a\ndome covers a small round table or a large metal tray. When lifted, a large\n\"cloth\" appears mounded with portions of stewed foods. The cloth is acutally a\nvery large thin pancake, an Ethiopan bread called injera. Often several other\nkinds of breads will appear as well as a variety of stews and combination of\nmeat and vegetables called wots and alechas. Diners enjoy the meal by tearing\noff bits of injera and scooping up foods. Frequently a partner or the host\nwill combine a morsel of food and pop it into some else's mouth.\" ---You Eat\nWhat You Are: People, Culture and Food Traditions, Thelma Barer-Stein [Firefly\nBooks:Ontario] 1999 (p. 24-5)\n\n\"Injera is an Ethiopian flat bread--with a difference. This spongy, thin bread\nis generally made into large rounds, a few of which when put together can\nquite easily cover a tabletop. Indeed, on occasions, ingera is used in place\nof a tablecloth or table covering. Dishes such as doro wot are served directly\non the ingera tablecloth for big communal meals. The bread is broken off from\naround the edges to scoop up the stew. The idea is to eat from the outside\nin...Injera is usually made from an Ethiopian flour called teff in the Amharic\nlanguage. Teff is a cereal grain widely grown in Ethiopia for human\nconsumption...There are two kinds of teff-red (which is richer in iron and\nminerals) and white--and these account for the local differences in the color\nof injera.\" ---A Taste of Africa: Traditional & Modern African Cooking,\nDorinda Hafner, revised edition [Ten Speed Press:Berkeley] 2002 (p. 92) [NOTE:\nThis book contains a modernized/westernized recipe for injera. If you need to\nmake this item ask your librarian to help you find a copy.] \"Injera, the\nstaple food of bread of Ethiopia which is leavened with yeast or\nsourdough..,It is central to the Ethiopian consciousness. Have you eaten\ninjera today?' is a standard greeting. He has no wat' (sauce) on his injera'\nmeans 'He's desperately poor'.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson\n[Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 401)\n\nTrid [Morocco] \"The 'Trid' is a number of large, thin pancakes, made with\nrghaif batter and stuffed with pigeon, chicken or meat. These pancakes are not\ncooked in a frying pan. In bygone days the utensil used with the Qdra dial\nTrid, a sort of rounded earthenware pot, with a big opening at each end. The\nembers were placed inside the pot which was laid on its side on supporting\nstones. If you have not a Qdra dial Trid just use a big saucepan.\" ---Moroccan\nCooking, Latifa Bennani-Smires [Society d'Edition et de Duffusion:Casablanca]\n2007 (p. 80-81) [NOTE: Includes recipe for the pancakes, filling, and serving\ntips.]\n\nQ, U, X, Y, Z foods Q ------------ qata'if (Near Eastern pastry) qawarma\n(minced lamb preserved in fat eaten by Lebanese mountain dwellers) quahog\n(popular North American clam) quandong (peach native to Australia) quail\n(small game bird from the New World) quaking custard (cream custard made in\nNew England) quark (fresh curd cheese eaten in Germany) queen's pudding (a\ntype of bread putting eaten in England) quelites (variety of edible greens\ngathered by indigenous inhabitants of Mexico and C. America) quenelles\n(dumpling eaten in Europe) queso (Spanish word for cheese) quetsche (plum\nnative to the Alsace region) quiche (pie or tart having an egg filling and\nother ingredients) quignon (a liece of bread, usually the end crust of a loaf)\nquillet (a small round sponge cake) quince (fruit native to Western Asia, used\nfor marmalade in medieval ages) quinoa (cereal grain used by the Incas) quroot\n(Asian dried curdled milk, popular in Afghanistan)\n\nU ------------ Our favorite \"U\" foods are Ugli fruit and Upside down cake.\n\nOther \"U\" foods: Udo--Japanese herb Udon--Japanese wheat noodles Uitmijer--\nDutch open sandwich, sometimes topped with fried egg Ulluco--minor root crop\ncultivated in the high Andes region of S. America Umbles--edible entrails of a\ndeer, eaten in pie in Medieval Europe (origin of expression \"Humble pie\") Umbu\n--fruit grown in Northeast Brazil Umeboshi--Japanes salted and dried \"plums\"\nUrd--most important pulse (bean) in India, aka \"mung bean\" Urda--Rumanian\nsheep's milk cheese Ushky--Tiny dumplings served in soup, Russia\n\nX ------------ xanthan gum (made from fermented corn sugar, used as a\nstabilizer in dairy products and salad dressings) xanthurus (Caribbean fish,\nresembles a carp, also known as yellow tail) xerophagia (salad made with\nlettuce, bran, celery cabbage & chopped chives) xicalli (Nahuatl name for a\ngourd of the tree Crescentia cujete', used by the Aztecs used to fashion\nvessels for drinking chocolate...Doubtless in the process of making such\ncup...the seeds of the gourd were sometimes retained to be roasted, and\nperhaps even the pulp was consumed) xifias souvlakia (skewered swordfish,\nGreece) xiao dou (small Chinese beans, fermented or curdled) ximenia Americana\n(tallow wood, seaside plum) xin-xin (Latin American chicken & vegetable dish,\nserved with rice and peanuts) xkinvat (fried twisted strips of rich pastry\ncented with orange flour water and served in a golden crispy pile drizzled\nwith Maltese honey and colored shot--tiny pinheads of colored candies used for\ncake decoration--birthday treat from Malta)\n\nY ------------ Yabby (crayfish from Australia) yak (related to bison & cows,\nused for milk, cheese & yogurt) yakitori (Japanese dish of skewered broiled\nchicken piece dipped in soy sauce) yale boat pie (savory pie composed of meat,\npoultry & shellfish; named for Yale University) yangtao (kiwi) yarrow (pungent\nherb sometimes used in salads; also said to have healing powers) yeast (these\nliving spores make bread rise and beer ferment) yam (tropical tubers; staple\nfood for many cultures) yerba yate (tea made from dried leaves of evergreen\ntree Ilex paraguariensis) yoghurt (fermented milk) yorkshire pudding (English\nbatter pudding) yuba (Japanese soy derivative) yucca (Central/South American\nplant, banana-like fruit is eaten raw) yuzu (golden yellow citrus fruit from\nAsia)\n\nZ ------------ zaatar (wild thyme-spice) zabaglione (light foamy dessert from\nItaly) zakusiki (Russian hors d'oeuvres) zamia (grain used by Native Americans\nof the West Indies) zampone (sausage eaten in Modena, Italy) zandler (fish,\nalso known as a pikeperch, European) zarsuela (Spanish seafood stew) zebra\n(meat eaten in South Africa) zedoary (spice that resembles ginger, native to\nNE India and SE Asia) zephrina (cookie baked by Native Americans in North\nCarolina) zest (outer rind of an orange, lemon or other citrus fruit) zewelewa\n(onion tart from the Alsace region) zingara (sauce containing paprika and\ntomato, Italian) zucchini (vegetable in the squash family) zulu milkberry\n(sweet berries native to Africa) zuttano (synonym for avocado) zwieback (dry\ntoasted bread slices, word is German for \"twice baked\") zizyphus jujuba\n(Chinese date, jujube)\n\nSources used to compile this list: An A to Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto\nCambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Connee Ornelas\nEdgewater Beach Hotel Salad Book Arnold Shircliffe Encyclopedia of American\nFood and Drink, John F. Mariani Food Lover's Companion, Sharon Tyler Herbst,\n3rd edition International Dictionary of Food and Cooking, Martin Larousse\nGastronomique, Jenifer Harvey Lang, editor Master Dictionary of Food and\nCookery, Henry Smith A Mediterranean Feast, Clifford A. Wright Oxford\nCompanion to Food, Alan Davidson You Eat What You Are, Thema Barer-Stein Guide\nto Tropical Fruits and Trees, California Rare Fruit Growers\n\nIf you need a longer list or were looking for examples of a specific type of\nfood try these:\n\n * Crop Index, Purdue University--Latin and common English food names\n * Oxford English Dicionary, (or any unabridged dictionary) go through the entire letter you are assigned and pick out the food words--this may take you a while.\n\nThink about the assigment. Did your teacher specifically state which language\nyou had to use? If not, consider Latin (all foods have Latin names; you can\nfind these names in Agricultural/Botainical classificaion guides). You might\nalso examine foreign language dictionaries. Your librarian can help you find\nthese books.\n\nSaffron & Saffron Walden From ancient times forward, saffron commands the post\nof \"most expensive\" spice. What exactly is this substance and why is it so\nvaluable?\n\n\"Saffron--produced from the pollen of the saffron crocus--has been widely used\nthroughout the Old World for its color, flavor, and fragrance. It is native to\nthe eastern Mediterranean region, and it has been cultivated in Mesopotamia,\nPersia, and northwest India since antiquity. The earliest reference to saffron\ncultivation dates form 2300 B.C. Saffron was abundant in ancient days... The\nuse of saffron as a oinment likely originated in Persia and India...Saffron is\ndifficult to grow and thereore reamins the most expensive spice in the\nworld...People past and present have prized saffron largely because of its\ncolor, ranging from deep gold to a reddish hue. Both red and gold achieved a\nhigh status in color symbolism...The prevalence of saffron in Greek myth\nattests to the significance the early Greeks attributed to the plant...The\nEgyptians...assigned special powers to saffron, including the power to heal...\n...Gold has traditionally symbolized enlightenment and wisdom, and thus Buddha\nis often depicted as golden in color. For this reason, Buddhist priests may\nhave used saffron to color their robes long before turmeric replaced\nit...Saffron remains the most expensive and most highly prized spice in the\nworld today.\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia\" An Encyclopeida of Food in World\nMythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p. 205-206)\n\n\"Saffron is perhaps native to Asia Minor. At any rate it was well known in the\nAegean islands before the eruption of Santorini, which buried the Minoan town\nof Akrotiri with its wall painting showing the picking of saffron. It was\nknown to the poet of the Iliad, composed around 700 BC. And in Roman times the\nbest saffron in the world grew in coastal Cicilia (south Asia Minor) at the\nCorycian cavern...In early Europe, saffron was a dye and an aromatic. It\ncoloured cloth either yellow or deep red, depending on its age. It was burnt\nin sacrifice for its aroma, and it was used in a subtle...aromatic oil,\ncrocinum, to be applied to the hair...The Romans combined its colouring and\naromatic effects in another special use: saffron was mixed with sweet wine and\nthe resulting sticky yellow mixture was sprayed liberally about at theatres,\nfilling the air with costly fragrance. Grown in Iran from very ancient times,\nsaffron reached Kashmir...no later than the third century AD and possibly as\nearly as the fifth century BC. It became a staple of the local\nenonomy...Westwards, saffron now grows in southern Spain, which is where the\nhightest quality come from today.\" ---Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices,\nAndrew Dalby [University of California Press:Berkeley] 2000 (p. 138-9)\n\n\"Native to the eastern Mediterranean, saffron was used in cooking for\nthousands of years before the Romans built their empire. Indeed, some credit\nPhoenecian traders with introducing it in Spain--the county that today is the\nleading producer for the commercial market. The word saffron comes from the\nArabic word for 'yellow', and its distinctive color and taste grace Spanish,\nCuban, French, and Indian cuisines, especially their rice dishes.\"\n---Cambridge World History of Food, Kiple & Ornelas [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2000 volume 2 (p. 1846)\n\n\"The Romans used [saffron], but do not seem to have introduced it to Britain\nto any extent, and it was not until the fourteenth century that it began to be\nfrequently used there...At that time most saffron was imported, by the later\nMiddle Ages a home-grown saffron industry developed, with saffron plantations\nbeing established in Cambridgeshire and Essex (Saffron Walden takes its name\nfrom the local saffron industry)...The word saffron comes from a Middle\nEastern or Arabic language, but its exact source has never been pinpointed.\nThe furthest back its history can be traced it so Arabic sa'faran, which found\nits way to English via medieval Latin safranum and Old French safran. Its use\nas a colour term, for 'orange-yellow', dates from the late fourteenth\ncentury.\" ---An A-Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 292-3)\n\n\"Saffron probably originated in Asia Minor and Greece; it was an important\nitem for Phoenician traders. Cilicia was its most abundant area of\ncultivation...Sicily also produced a good deal of it, but Mount Tobus in\nPhrygia was, in the general opinion, the site which produced the best saffron\nof the ancient world...Murals in the ruins of the palace of Knossos on Crete,\nwhich probably antedates the second millenium B.C., depict saffron harvesters\nat work. Home said that Zeus slept on a bed of saffron...We read saffron in\nthe writings of Hippocrates...Virgil...Pliny...and Matial, from which we gain\nthe impression that the Greeks were the greatest appreciators of saffron in\nancient times...Saffron grew wild in ancient Italy, but the Romans...preferred\nto buy cultivated...saffron from Greece...Marco Polo did not rpeort\nencountering [saffron] in his [Far East] travels...Saffron is supposed to have\nentered China when that country was invaded by the Mongols, who made\nconsiderable use of it in their cooking, which would mean the thirteenth\ncentury, but it does not seem to have been listed in any written document\nbefore the second half of the sixteenth century...There is a tradition that\nFrance gained saffron directly from the Moors when they were stopped at\nPoitiers in 732 by Charles Martel; it is not impossible, but if so, the Moors\ngave saffron to the the French more than two centuries before they grew it in\nSpain themselves. Perhaps surer is a second tradition which says that saffron\nfirst entered France at Avignon at the end of the fourteenth century...\"\n---Food, Waverly Root [Smithmark:New York] 1980 (p. 426-427)\n\nWhy is saffron so expensive? \"What makes saffron so expensive is the\nunavoidably large amount of hand labor necessary to produce a small amount of\nit. Saffron is the dried stigmas, and usually part of the styles, of the\nflower or Crocus sativus, which have to be picked painstakingly out of each\nblossom, flower by flower...\" ---Food, Root (p. 425-426)\n\n\"Too much\" of a good thing? Devaluing saffron in Renaissance Europe: \"Within\nRenaissance dietary literature, the shifting meaning of various foods can\ntherefore be used as an indication of shifting values and, in a sense, a\nmeasue of the evolution of self-image. Take, for example, the fate of saffron.\nIn the early Renaissance, or period I, saffron was a an ideal symbol of\nwealth, not only because it was difficult to harvest and expensive but it lent\na dazzling effect to foods. The way to impress a guest was to present saffron-\ndaubed dishes sparkling like gold. Saffron became a symbol for gold...To the\nwealthy reader of culinary literature, eating saffron invests the body with\nwealth the same way a gold chain would, but here it is literally\nincorporated...The fact that period I dietaries consistently praised saffron\nreflects the fact that these authors would primarily for courtly\npatrons...This enthusiasm for saffron abates during the sixteenth century\namong period 2 and 3 authors, and some even claim that it is dangerous. This\nis the effect...of increasing distance from wealthy patrons, but it can also\nbe linked to simple economic factors. Saffron was first cultivated on a large\nscale in the sixteenth century. It thus became a more affordable luxury and\nconsequently a less potent symbol of wealth...Ironically, as saffron was more\nwidely used and as lower social ranks were increasingly able to imitate their\nsuperiors, courtly cookbooks included saffron less.\" ---Eating Right in the\nRenassiance, Ken Albala [University of California Press:Berkeley CA] 2002 (p.\n166-167)\n\nNeed more information? Saffron (history, photos, linguistics, economics).\nRecommended reading: Secrets of Saffron/Pat Willard\n\nAbout Saffron Walden Saffron Walden is a town in England so named for its\nhistoric connection with growing saffron. Food historians generally agree the\nEnglish saffron industry began in the 14th century. Notes here:\n\n\"England...has a double tradiiton concerning the first appearanc eof saffron.\nIt was known tghere in the tenth century, for a pharmaceutical work of that\nperiod describes it; perhaps it was an import from Spain. Four centuries\nlater, Hakluyt wrote that saffron was first brought to England from Tripoli by\na pilgrim who had hidden a stolen bulb in his hollow staff. However and\nwhenever saffron made its comeback, it took medieval Europe by storm. There\nwere times and places when a pound of saffron would buy a horse. ...There were\na number of saffron-growing areas in England, but one of them captured all the\nattention by adding the name of the seasoning to its own--Saffron Walden, in\nEssex, where John Gerard wrote that saffron 'groweth plentifully...'. Saffron\nworkers there were called 'crokers,' a harking back to the ancient name for\nthe plant. Started in the fourteenth century, the Saffron Walden industry\npetered out about 1770...\" ---Food, Waverly Root [Smithmark:New York] 1980 (p.\n427-428)\n\nThe plant is said to have been introduced into England in the 14th century by\na pilgrim who hid a corm in his hollow staff. Certainly, by the sixteenth\ncentury the saffron crocus was being cultivated on a significant scale in\nEngland, particularly in Essex where the town of Walden was renamed Saffron\nWalden. Use of saffron was especially noticeable in the west of England, and\nsome believe that it had arrived there long before the 14th century via the\nPhoenecians and their tin trade in Cornwall.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food,\nAlan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 680)\n\n\"Philip Miller gives a long careful account of saffron-growing in the 1720s\nbetween Saffron Walden and Cambridge. Growers had to fence their small parcels\nof gorund with hurdles to prevent hares feeding on the leaves in winter. In\nJuly, everyone was out planting the 192,040 roots that went to the acre,\nnoting the size of each one and placing it accordingly for maximum yield, as\nit cost so much. The crocus flowers were gathered early in the day, and the\nfilaments or 'chives' picked out. Then came the trickly business of drying\\\nthe saffron, which was ranged in wet 2 or 3 inch layers between sheets of\nwhite paper...a watchful care was needed to make sure the precious filaments\ndid not scorch. For all this labour, including free family labour, the grower\nmight clear L5 a year...this was a poor return... Saffron cake has hung on in\nCornwall and Devonshire from the days when all cakes were raised with yeast\nrather than eggs or baking powder...\" ---English Food, Jane Grigson, revised\nedition, Sophie Grigson [Penguin Books:London] 1992 (p. 308-309) [NOTE: Ms.\nGrigson offers a recipe for traditional English Saffron Cake in this text. Let\nus know if you want it.]\n\nRecommended reading (with recipes): Saffron & Currants: A Corbish Heritage\nCookbook/Susan Pellowe\n\nSago \"The early history of the sago palm use as a food is still unclear.\nEthnologists and anthropologists have generally relied on native myths and\nlegends to judge when it was introduced into the diets of many groups\nworldwide. Some...believe that sago palm has been utilized as a food source in\nthe Pacific Islands since prehistorical days... Neolithic and Mesolithic\nartifacts found in insular Southeast Asia included tools used in sago\npreparation. Although this suggest that sago has been cultivated since ancient\ntimes, paleohistorians are not so sure...By most accounts, the sago palm was\nessential to the early inhabitants of Southeast Asia, and was probably one of\nthe first plants they exploited as part of their subsistence strategy...people\nin freshwater areas were able to employ native palms in a variety of ways,\nincluding the production of starch, drugs, and fish poisons...According to the\nfolk history of the Melanau of Sarawak, the tribe has 'always eaten sago,'\neven though they claim that rice, not sago, is their staple food. Sago,\nhowever, had been an important food source for peoples in other parts of the\nworld. Evidence, although limited, indicates that during the Chinese Tang\nDynasty (618-907), sago starch from palms grown in southeast China came to\nrival milled grain for use in making cakes...\" ---Cambridge World History of\nFood, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 202)\n\n\"Sago, or palm starch...comes from the pith of stems of various palms and\ncycads. Though produced in China's south today, it is far less important than\nin T'ang times, when... sago, consumed with milk, was a basic food, and when,\nin Canton, sago flour contended with cereal flour in preparing cakes...The\narenga palm's primary center of genetic diversity may be the Malay\nArchipelago, and its secondary center India, with its domestication usually\nplaced in the Southeast Asia/Pacific region...It was described by Chi Han in\nthe fourth century A.d. as growing in what is northern Vietnam...and its\ncultivation in China today...is a northward extension of its Southeast Asian\ndistribution. In addition to sugar and sago, our sources on China mention\nfermented toddy as an edible product the tree provides...One suspects that\nother edibles obtained from the arenga palm in Southeast Asia and India may\nalso be consumed in China: fresh (as well as fermented) toddy, arrack, and\nvinegar from its juice; a vegetable from its 'cabbage'; and a preserve or\nsnack from its seed...sago is ordinarily marketed in two processed forms as\ngrains or as translucent globules called 'pearl sago.' The grain, or inferior,\nform of sago, was imported to China in gunny sacks in the 1920's, whereas the\nlatter, or superior, form was imported in boxes... Chinese merchants have long\nbeen active in the sago trade of Southeast Asia...nineteenth-century Chinese\nin Sumatra [are credited] with developing the process for making pearl sago, a\nproduct which holds is shape when cooked.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural and\nHistorical Inquiry, Frederick J. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1991 (p.\n128-129)\n\n\"A source of meal that, in the vicinity of China, rivaled milled grain in\nmaking cakes was sago--although it always remained second to rice. This\nsubstance was yielded by several native plants an cycads, of which the most\nimportant was a sugar palm (kuang-lang; Arenga saccharifera), sometimes called\ngomuti or sagwire...it was commonly taken with water buffalo milk...The same\ntree yielded a sugar called jaggery and was the source of a wine called toddy.\nBut the classical source of sago in Southeast Asia, and the one admired most\nfor the light, delicate flavor of its yellow white meal, was the sago palm.\"\n---Food in Chinese Culture: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives, K. C.\nChang, editor [Yale University Press:New Haven CT] 1977 (p. 92-93)\n\nIn the USA, sago was most often generakkt as a thickener in custards and\npuddings. Recipes and ingredients can be examined with Michigan State\nUniversity's Feeding America digital cookbook database.\n\nRelated foods? tapioca, taro & cassava.\n\nSalsify Salsify, also known as the Oyster Plant or Vegetable Oyster, is\nfrequently mentioned in 19th century American cookbooks. This long, thin root\nvegetable resembles a carrot in shape and a turnip in taste. There are several\nvarieties and ways to approach this special edible gift in the kitchen.\n\nWhere did it originate? \"Wild salsify is native to the lands around the E.\nMediterranean. It was probably eaten in classical times, but the earliest\nsurviving mention of it is by Albertus Magnus in the 13th century. Cultivation\nbegan in Italy and France in the 16th century. In Britain the plant was grown\nfirst for its purple flower, attained a modest popularity as food in the 18th\ncentury, but relapsed into obscurity in the next. It has never been popular in\nthe USA. Russia, France, and Italy are now the countries in which salsify is\nmost grown and eaten.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 2nd edition, 2007 (p. 686)\n\nWhy call it salsify? \"There is much confusion over the terms salsify and\nscorzonera. Both apply to long thin white-flesh root vegetables of the daisy\nfamily, but although strictly speaking, salsify is the name of the white-\nskinned variety and scorzonera is the name of the black-skinned variety...Both\nwere introduced to Britain towards the end of the seventeenth century,\nprobably from France. They were originally cultivated in Italy (the term\nsalsify is of Italian origin), but there were also very popular from early\ntimes in Spain...The history of the word salsify is no less confusing than its\ncurrent usage. English got it from French salsifis, which in turn borrowed it\nfrom Italian, but in what form? The modern Italian word is sassefrica, and one\nschool of thought says that this came from the late saxifrica, literally\n'rock-rubber'...According to this view, the change from sas- to sal-\npresumably took place in French...Others...claim that French got salsifis from\na now obsolete Italian form salsefica...It is not known where this came from,\nbut it many have some connection with Latin sal, 'salt'. The salsify is\nsometimes known as the vegetable oyster.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto\n[Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 298)\n\nWhat is the oyster connection? Primary sources confirm 19th century cooks\ndefinately saw some kind of visual resemblance betwen cut salsify and oysters.\nAs time progressed, this connection became less evident. Mid-20th century\ngastronomists hypothesized that the plant might have tasted like an oyster in\nearlier times.\n\n\"Oyster plant...owes its name to its resemblance in flavor, when cooked, to\nthat of an oyster.\" ---Grocer's Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [New York] 1911 (p.\n446)\n\n\"Salsify...At one time called the oyster plant, why, one can hardly imagine,\nfor it does not resemble the oyster in flavour. When cut small and cooked, it\nwas an oyster-like appearance, so it may have been more from appearance than\nfavour that it gained its other name.\" ---Master Dictionary of Food & Cookery,\nHenry Smith [Philosphical Library:New York] 1951 (p. 209)\n\n\"Salsify, Salsafy, Vegetable Oyster...A European vegetable which is much more\npopular on the Continent than in England or the USA. Its long, thin, white\nroots, when boiled and tender, probably did possess a flavour not unlike that\nof an oyster, hence its English name of Oyster Plant or Vegetable Oyster. If\nSalsify ever did possess such a flavour, it must have lost it, as Musk has\nlost its scent.\" ---A Concise Encyclopedia of Gastronomy, Andre L. Simon\n[Harcourt, Brace and Company:New York] 1952 (p. 121)\n\nCulinary applications: \"Oyster plant is a vegetable the roots of which are\nboiled or stewed like carrots, or half-boiled, or gratd fine made into small\nflat balls and dipped into batter, and fried like oysters, which they strongly\nresemble. The young flower stalks, if cut in the spring of second year and\ndressed like asparagus, resemble it in taste.\" ---Grocers' Hand-Book and\nDirectory, Artemas Ward [Philadelphia Grocer:Philadelphia] 1886 (p. 151)\n\n\"The Cooking of Salisfy. Salsify is best scraped, each root should at once be\ndropped into a little vinegar and water to prevent it turning black, and it is\nalso advisable to add a little vinegar to the salted water in which salsify is\nboiled or parboiled.\" ---A Concise Encyclopedia of Gastronomy, Andre L. Simon\n[Harcourt, Brace and Company:New York] 1952 (p. 122)\n\nUSA Salsify recipes through time\n\n> [1824] \"Salsify. ---Virginia House-Wife, Mary Randolph, 1824 facsimile\n> edition with historical notes and commentaries by Karen Hess [University of\n> South Carolina Press:Columbia] 1984 (p. 136)\n>\n> [1849] \"Salsify. Having scraped the salsify roots, and washed them in cold\n> water and parboil them. Then take them out, drain them, cut them into large\n> pieces and fry them in butter. Salsify is frequently stewed slowly until\n> quite tender, and then served up with melted butter. Or it may be first\n> boiled, then grated and made into cakes to be fried in butter. Salsify must\n> not be left exposed to the air, or it will turn blackish.\" ---Directions for\n> Cookery in Its Various Branches, Miss [Eliza] Leslie [Carey &\n> Hart:Philadelphia] 1849 (p. 195)\n>\n> [1857] \"Salsify or Vegetable Oyster. The best way to cook it is to parboil\n> it, (after scraping off the outside,) then cut in slices, dip it into a\n> beaten egg, and fine bread crumbs, and fry it in lard. It is very good\n> broiled, then stewed a few minutes with milk, with a little butter and salt.\n> Another way which is very good, is to make a batter of wheat flour, milk and\n> eggs; cut the salsify in thin slices, (after having been boiled tender,) put\n> them into the batter with a little salt; drip this mixture into hot fat, by\n> the large spoon ful. When a light brown, they are cooked sufficiently.\" ---A\n> Practical American Cookery and Domestic Economy, Elizabeth M. Hall [Miller,\n> Orton & Co.:New York] 1857 (p. 142)\n>\n> [1863] \"Salsify, or Oyster Plant. Scrape them, and throw one by one as you\n> scrape them in cold water, with a few drops of vinetgar; when they are all\n> scraped, move them a little, take out of the water, and throw them in\n> boiling water with a little salt, boil fifty minutes and drain; place them\n> warm on a warm dish, and serve with brown butter, a maitre-d'hotel, or white\n> sauce. Fried.--Make a paste with two tablespoonfuls of flour, a beaten egg,\n> a tablespoonful of vinegar, salt, pepper, and the quantity of milk necessary\n> to make the paste thin enough to dip the plants in, so that a thin coat only\n> sticks to them; then when they are cooked in water as above, you dip them in\n> the above paste, and throw them in hot lard in a panm and on a sharp fire;\n> take them out when you see that the paste is fried enough, and serve with\n> fried parsley around, and without any grease.\" ---What to Eat and How to\n> Cook It, Pierre Blot [D. Appleton and Company:New York] 1863 (p. 195)\n>\n> [1887] \"Salsify a la Poulette. Boil the salsify as already directed, and\n> serve with a sauce made as follows: Put two table-spoonfuls of butter and\n> one of flour into a small saucepan, and rub them to a smooth paste. Add a\n> piece of onion the size of a quarter of a dollar, a tiny bit of mace, one-\n> tenth of a teaspoonful of white pepper, half a teaspoonful of salt, and a\n> cupful and a half of white stock. Stir the sauce on the bakc of the stove--\n> where it will not boil--for one minute; then add a teaspoonful of lemon\n> juice, and strain immediately. Split the pieces of salsify, and lay them in\n> a warm dish, and pour the sauce over them. Serve very hot. The eggs may be\n> omitted if one prefer. The sauce will then be white, which is a good color\n> in an accompaniment of salsify.\" ---Miss Parloa's Kitchen Companion, Maria\n> Parloa [Estes and Lauriat:Boston] 1887 (p. 517) [NOTE: this book also offers\n> recipes for Boiled Salsify & Fried Salsify.\"]\n>\n> [1902] \"Mock Oysters. 1 dozen oyster plants 1 teaspoonful of salt 1\n> saltspoonful of pepper 3 eggs Scrape the salsify and throw it into cold\n> water to prevent disoloration. Cover with boiling water, cook slowly for\n> three- quarters of an hour until tender; drain, and press through a\n> colander. Add the salt, pepper and the eggs well beaten. Cover the bottom of\n> a baking or saute pan with suet or oil, or lard if you use it. When hot drop\n> in the mixture by spoonfuls, making each the shape of an oyster. Brown\n> carefully on one side, turn and brown the other. Serve at once with tomato\n> catsup, as a supper or luncheon dish.\" ---Mrs. Rorer's New Cook Book, Sarah\n> Tyson Rorer [Arnold and Company:Philadelphia] 1902(p. 318) [NOTE: this books\n> also offers recipes for Scalloped Salsify, Browned Salsify, Salsify with\n> Brown Sauce and Salsify with Cream Sauce.]\n>\n> [1909] \"Stewed Salsify. 1 dozen roots salsify 2 tablespoonfuls butter 2\n> tablespoonfuls flour 1/2 pint milk 1 teaspoonful salt 1 saltspoonful pepper\n> Scrape the salsify. Throw the roots at once into cold water to prevent\n> discoloration. Cut them into halves and soak in cold water for one hour.\n> When ready to cook, drop into boiling unsalted water; boil in an uncovered\n> vessel for half an hour, until they are perfectly tender; drain in a\n> colander. Cover the bottom of a meat platter with squares of toasted bread.\n> Arrange the salsify crosswise on the toast, butts one way; rub the butter\n> and flour together; add the milk; stir until boiling; add the salt and\n> pepper and strain it over the salsify.\" ---Mrs. Rorer's Vegetable Cookery\n> and Meat Substitutes [Arnold and Company:Philadelphia] 1909 (p. 139)\n>\n> [1913] \"Baked Oyster Plant (Salsify) Boil the salsify until perfectly\n> tender, then mash through a strainer. Season with pepper and salt. Add a\n> tablespoonful of butter and a half a cup of milk. Put in a bake-dish, cover\n> with bread-crumbs and bits of butter, and bake fifteen minutes.\" ---American\n> Home Cook Book, Grace E. Denison [Barse & Hopkins::New York] 1913 (p. 166)\n> [NOTE: this book also ofers recipes for Salsify, Salsify Fritters and Stewed\n> Salsify.]\n>\n> [1930] \"Baked Salsify. Scrape carefully roots of salsify--cut into bits and\n> boil until quite tender. Wash well and season with salt, a little white\n> pepper and a half a cup of butter. Add a tiny pinch of finely powdered mace.\n> Prepare enough to make three cupfuls. Beat an egg into a cup of sweet milk\n> and two tablespoonfuls of melted butter, or one cup of sweet cream. Add one\n> cupful of bread crumbs. Put the salsify into a baking dish, spread the\n> batter over it and bake to a nice brown.\" ---Old Southern Receipts, Mary D.\n> Pretlow [Robert M. McBride:New York] 1930 (p. 41) [NOTE: also includes\n> recipe for Stewed Salsify.]\n>\n> [1952] \"Salsify gratines Scrape salsify and boil in aciduated, salted water\n> till nearly tender; drain and dry them and cut them in 3-in. lengths; put\n> the pieces in a baking dish; pour a white sauce over them, then a liberal\n> dusting of grated cheese mixed with white breadcrumbs and a few pats of\n> butter; brown under a hot grill or in the oven.\" ---A Concise Encyclopedia\n> of Gastronomy, Andre L. Simon [Harcourt, Brace and Company:New York] 1952\n> (p. 122) [NOTE: This book also offers recipes for Salsify fritters, Salsify\n> Poulette, Vegetable Oyster in the Deep Shell, Salsifis Sautes and Salsifis a\n> la Vinaigrette.] [1961] \"Salsify in bechamel...Cut the salsify, cooked in\n> flour-and-water court-bouillon, into chunks 1 1/2 to 2 inches long. Put them\n> in a saute pan, cover with rather thin Bechamel sauce...and simmer. At the\n> last moment add a few tablespoons of fresh cream.\" ---Larousse\n> Gastronomique, Prosper Montagne [Crown Publishers:New York] 1961 (p. 836)\n> [NOTE: recipes for Salsify au beurre noisette, Salsify a la creme, Salsify\n> fritters, Salsify Mornay, Salsify a la polonaise, Salsify salad, Salsify\n> sauteed au beurre, Salsify aux fines herbes, Salsify a la provencale, and\n> Salsify in veal gravy also included.]\n\nSalt Salt is a naturally occuring compound that is found in many places around\nthe globe. Archaeologists and food historians tell us salt was used at least\nas early as neolithic times. Iodized salt was introduced in the early 19th\ncentury.\n\n\"Salt-winning--the deliberate production of salt--is known to have been\npracticed in the Neolithic era, but the naturally occuring variety had\nprobably been gathered tens of thousands of years before that, even in only by\ncoastal communities that, subsisting largely on shellfish, found other foods\ninsipid without it. However the taste originated, salt was to become a more\npowerful factor in the world economy than any other food material apart from\nbasic grains...Salts, in a generalized sense, have always been not only\nstimulating to the taste buds by also biological necessities...Raw meat is the\nbest provider; cooked meat less so, because salt is usually lost in the\ncooking process. A diet based on cooked grain and vegetables contains few\nnatural salts, even less if the vegetables are cooked in unsalted water, since\nsome of their own salts are then leached out...By the first millennium BC it\nwas an essential feature of the administration of China, as it was for the\nPtolemies of Egypt and the Seleucids of Persia.\" ---Food in History, Reay\nTannahill [Three Rivers Press:New York] 1988 (p. 179-180)\n\n\"Historically, dietary salt (sodium chloride) has been obtained by numerous\nmethods, including solar evaporation of seawater, the boiling down of water\nfrom brine springs, and the mining of 'rock' salt...'salt-making in history\ncould be regarded as a quasi-agricultural occupation, as seen in frequent\nreferences to the annual production as a 'harvest...the quest for salt led to\nthe development of major trade routes in the ancient world. The historian\nHerodutus...described caravans heading for the salt oases of Libya, and bread\ncaravan routes also stretched across the Sahara, as salt from the desert was\nan important commodity exchanged for West African gold and slaves. Similarly\nhuge salt deposits were mined in northern India before the time of Alexander\nthe Great, and in the Pre-Columbian Americas, the Maya and Aztecs traded salt\nthat was employed in food...In China, evidence of salt mining dates from as\nearly as 2000 B.C. Homer termed salt 'divine,' and Plato referred to it as 'a\nsubstance dear to the gods.' Aristotle wrote that many regarded brine or salt\nspring as a gift from the gods...The preservative properties of salt have\nmaintained the essentiality of the mineral throughout history. It helped meat\nlast over long journeys...During the eighteenth century, other industrial uses\nbegan to be found for salt. The invention in 1792 of a way to make sodium\ncarbonate began the carbonated-water industry, and by 1850, 15 percent of the\nsalt in France was going into soda.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food,\nKenneth F. Kiple and Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 848)\n\n\"Salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), is commonly said to be essential to\nlife...Since prehistoric times much effort has been devoted to obtaining salt\nfor use with food. One main source is the existence of underground deposits of\nsalt, from which it can be mined. Examples are the famous salt quarries at\nNantwich in Cheshire, those at Luneburg in Germany, and many others in various\nparts of the world. The other great source, which is inexaustible, is the sea\n(or other natrually occuring briny waters), which is made to yield salt by a\nprocess of evaporation.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 687)\n\n\"The salt mines of continental Europe encourged prehistoric peoples to settle\ndown. The most famous example is Hallstatt in the Austrian Salzkammergut, a\nname that speaks for itself and a very prosperous place from the early period\nof the Bronze Age. Whenever Neolithic people settled down, abandoning hunting\nin favour of agriculture and recuding the amount of meat in their very\ncarniverous diet...it was a great blessing to have a salt supply in the\nvicinity.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, translated by\nAnthea Bell [Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992 (p. 461)\n\n\"Chinese salt history begins with the mythical Huangdi, who invented writing,\nweaponry, and transportation. According to the legends, he also had the\ndistinction over presiding over the first war ever fought over salt. One of\nthe earliest verifiable saltworks in prehistoric China was in the northern\nprovince of Shanxi. In this arid region of dry yellow earth and desert\nmountains is a lake of salty water, Lake Yuncheng. This area was known for\nconstant warfare, and all of the wars were over control of the lake. Chinese\nhistorians are certain that by 6000 B.C., each year when the lake's waters\nevaporated in the summer sun, people harvested the square crystals on the\nsurface of the water, a system the Chinese referred to as \"dragging and\ngathering.\" ...The earliest written record of salt production in China dates\nto around 800 B.C. And tells of production and trade of sea salt a millennium\nbefore, during the Xia dynasty.\" ---Salt: A World History, Mark Kurlansky\n[Walker and Company:New York] 2002 (p. 18-9) [NOTE: This book is considered by\nmany food historians to be THE book on the topic.]\n\nIodized salt The connection between iodine deficiency and goiter (overactive\nthyroid) was made in 4th Century China. French chemists, following Napoleon\nBuonaparte's orders, provided scientific evidence. They were the first to\nrecommed iodized salt. The year? 1833. Commercial iodized salt in the USA was\nintroduced in the 1920s.\n\nIodine & goiter \"Interest in and concern about the possibility of the control\nof goiter accelerated in the early nineteenth-century when Napoleon Bonaparte\nordered a systematic investigation of the disease. He did so because large\nnumbers of young men from certain regtions were being rejected as unfit for\nmilitary duties. Moreover, Napoleon himself had probably seen something of the\nproblem during his march into Italy throug the goiter-invested Valais. Iodine\nwas isolated from the ashes of the seaweed Fucus vesicularis by B. Courtois in\nFrance in 1811, and in 1829 by Jean Francois Coindet recommended iodine\npreparations for the treatment of goiter. However, soon afterward marked\noppoisition developed to its employment because of the occurance of symptons\nof toxicity, which we now know was the result of excesssive thyroid\nsecretion.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild\nConee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 799)\n\n\"The World Health Organization and UNICEF urge salt producers to include\niodine in their salt to prevent goiter, an enlargment of the thyroid gland.\nSince everyone uses salt, it is an ideal distribution vehicle. They they claim\nthe 1 billion pople worldwide are at risk of iodine deficiency...Iodine was\nused to cure goiter even before it was known to be iodine Humphrey Davy...had\nsuspected that iodine was an element, but it was Jean-Baptiste Dumas, the\nFrench chemist and founder of one of the first schools of industry in France,\nwho, in 1819, proved that iodine was present in natural sponge, which had been\na standard treatment for goiter. In treating goiter...China was for centuries\nahead of the West. A fourth-century-A.D. Chinese physician, Ko Hung,\nprescribed an alcoholic extract from seaweed for goiter. Many seaweeds are\nrich in iodine, which is why the Japanese...have had relatively little\nexperience with the disease...American salt is usually iodized. The British,\nhaving few cases of goiter, do not iodize, and the French sometimes, but not\nalways, iodize their salt.\" ---Salt: A World History, Mark Kurlansky [Walker\nand Company:New York] 2002 (p. 384-386)\n\nWho suggested iodizing salt? \"The iodination of salt was first suggested by\nJean Baptiste Boussingault, who resided for many years in Colombia in South\nAmerica. The people among whom he lived obtained their salt from an abandoned\nmine and felt that this salt conferred special health benefits. In 1825\nBoussingault analayzed the salt and found that it contained large quantities\nof iodine. In 1833 he suggested that iodized salt be used for the prevention\nof goiter. Unfortunately, an experminet carried out in France once more\nobscured the importance of iodine in the etiology of the disease.\"\n---Cambridge World History of Food (p. 799-800)\n\nIodized salt in the USA \"Present-day practice in the prevention and control of\ngoiter is based on the work of Dav id Marine, who in 1915 declared that\n'endemic goitre is the easiest known disease to prevent.' Marine and his\ncolleague, O. Kimball, carried out the first large-scale trails with iodine in\nAkron, Ohio, from 1916 to 1920. About 4,500 girls between 11 and 18 years of\nage took part in the experiment...Mass prophylaxis of goiter with iodized salt\nwas first introduced in 1924 on a community scale in Michigan...By 1929 the\naverage goiter rate had fallen to 9 percent.\" ---Cambridge World History of\nFood (p. 800)\n\n\"[1921] U.S. table-salt makers introduce salt iodized with potasium iodine to\nprevent goiter, but iodization is not mandatory.\" ---The Food Chonology, James\nL. Trager [Henry Holt:New York] 1995 (p. 433)\n\nSalt on the web:\n\n * The Salt Archive\n * The Salt Institute\n * Hallstatt (oldest salt mine)\n\nRecommended reading (your librarian will help you get these)\n\n * Salt: A World History/Mark Kurlansky\n * Salt: Grain of Life/Pierre Laszlo\n * Pickled, Potted and Canned: How the Art and Science of Food Preservaton Changed the World/Sue Shepard ---chapter on salting (p. 62-95)\n\nRelated foods? Salt water taffy & baking soda.\n\nSavita Savita brand vegetable-based vitamin supplement was promoted (&\npossibly manufactured?) by Battle Creek Foods, Battle Creek Sanitarium,\nMichigan. Think: Kellogg's. We find no mention of this product in Ella\nKellogg's Science in the Kitchen [1893]. The earliest print evidence we find\nfor this product is an ad published in the News-Sentinel, Fort Wayne Indiana,\nNovember 28, 1921 (p. 16). This ad offers Savita (Savora). A 1924 ad promoting\nBattle Creek Health Foods in the Los Angeles Times, June 10, 1924 (p. 8) also\noffers Savita (Savora). No explanation for the connection between these names.\n\n[1924] \"Savita.--A Pure Vegetable Meat Flavoring. For Flavoring soups, broths,\nbouillon, sauces, gravies, etc. Rich in water soluble vitamins and entirely\nfree from uric acid, urea, etc. so plentiful in meat extracts, yet has the\nappetizing flavor or choicest bouillon or chicken broth. Savita contains in\naddition to the flavor extractives of meat the wonderful growth-stimulating\nvitamin, water-soluble B., in highly concentrated form, in which meat extracts\nare deficient. It was this wonderful vitamin, in a preparation similar to\nSavita, that saved the English army in Mesopotamia when stricken by beri-beri,\nacquired on a diet consistint largely of meats and meat extracts.\" ---\"Unusual\nFoods Referred to in this Book,\" The New Cookery, Lenna Frances Cooper, 9th\nedition revised [Modern Medicine Publishing:Battle Creek MI] 1924 (p. 462-463)\n[NOTES: (1) \"The author realizes that reference has been made to a number of\nproducts that are not commonly on the market, although they are easily\nprocured either through local representatives in most of the larger cities or\ndirectly from the factory, The Battle Creek Food Company, Battle Creek,\nMichigan. Most of the products are in use at the Battle Creek Sanitarium and\nsince this book is primarily a Sanitarium Cook-Book, the book would not be\ncomplete without them.\" (p. 462) (2) This book offer recipes for Savita\nBouillon (p. 129), Savita broth (p. 127), Savita cream sauce (p. 188) & Savita\nrice soup (p. 123).]\n\n[1926] \"Try the latest culinary delight--Savita Sauce--on your Vegetable\nDinner at Child's.\" ---Child's (restaurant) ad, New York Times, May 19, 1926\n(p. 4)\n\n[1928] \"Savita. Concentrated vitamins. A pure vegetable extract which has the\nappearance and flavor of the finest meat extracts without any of the harmful\neffects of meat. As much food iron, lime and other salts in a cupful of Sativa\nas is found in a half pound of meat. Makes delicious sandwiches, sauce and\ngravies. A boon to Diabetics. Jar, 50 cents & 95 cents...Battle Creek Health\nFoods.\" ---display ad, Chicago Tribune, February 21, 1928 (p. 6)\n\n[1932] \"Savita abounds in food iron and has a delicious flavor of mushrooms.\nThree teaspoons is almost equal to as much iron as found in a pound of beef\nsteak. Delicious in gravy, soup, and bouillon.\" ---display ad, Battle Creek\nFoods, Washington Post, February 20, 1932 (p. 7)\n\n[1933] \"Introductory offer. Savita Yeast Tablets, 2 75 cent bottles, 76\ncents.\" ---display ad, Chicago Daily Tribune, October 22, 1933 (p. 9)\n\n[1937] \"Savita--A non-fattening food of concentrated yeast and vegetable\nextracts. Gives a meat-like flavor to ordinary foods.\" ---display ad,\nWashington Post, June 12, 1937 (p. 9)\n\n[1959-1972] According to the records of the US Patent and Trademark Office\nSativa brand flavoring was manufactured from 1959-1972 by Miles Laboratories.\nWe cannot confirm the connection between this product and the original Battle\nCreek Foods.\n\n\"Word Mark SAVITA Goods and Services (EXPIRED) IC 030. US 046. G & S: FOOD\nFLAVORING FOR USE IN THE SEASONING OF FOODS. FIRST USE: 19590102. FIRST USE IN\nCOMMERCE: 19590102 Mark Drawing Code (1) TYPED DRAWING Serial Number 72406002\nFiling Date October 26, 1971 Current Basis 1A Original Filing Basis 1A\nRegistration Number 0945891 Registration Date October 24, 1972 Owner\n(REGISTRANT) MILES LABORATORIES, INC. CORPORATION INDIANA 1127 MYRTLE ST.\nELKHART INDIANA 46514 Assignment Recorded ASSIGNMENT RECORDED Type of Mark\nTRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL Affidavit Text SECT 8 (6-YR). Live/Dead Indicator\nDEAD\" (EXPIRED) IC 030. US 046. G & S: FOOD FLAVORING FOR USE IN THE SEASONING\nOF FOODS. FIRST USE: 19590102. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 19590102 (1) TYPED\nDRAWING 72406002 October 26, 1971 1A 1A 0945891 October 24, 1972 (REGISTRANT)\nMILES LABORATORIES, INC. CORPORATION INDIANA 1127 MYRTLE ST. ELKHART INDIANA\n46514 ASSIGNMENT RECORDED TRADEMARK PRINCIPAL SECT 8 (6-YR). DEAD\"\n\nSesame seeds Origins & early uses \"Sesame... one of the first oil-yielding\nplants to be taken into cultivation, in Egypt or the Near East. Wild species,\nwith one exception, are African...The name sesame is one of the few words to\nhave passed into modern languages from ancient Egyptian, in which it was\nsesemt...Sesame is often mentioned by classical writers. The Greek authors\nHerodotus (5th century BC) and Strabo (1st century BC) both mention its being\ncultivated in Babylonia...In the 1st century AD Dioscorides mentioned the\nsprinkling of sesame seed on bread in Sicily, a practice which has\ncontintinued to the present day, e.g. on hamburger buns. Further east, sesame\nhad long been grown in Persia and India. It was probably introduced from\nPersia into China early in the Christian era...In Africa the cultivation of\nsesame dates back to early times not only in Egypt and Ethiopia but also\nfurther to the south and west...It was from West Africa that slave traders\ntook seeds to America...In Western and Central Europe sesame seeds are not\nmuch used except for sprinking on bread and cakes, but at the eastern end of\nthe Mediterranean it becomes more common.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan\nDavidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 713-4)\n\nIndia & Persia \"Sesame, an oil plant apparently native to India and\ndomesticated there probably in the second millennium BC. Historians used to\nbelieve that sesame was the everyday oil of the ancient Near East, serving as\nfood and medicine and as a base for perfumes. Ancient terms obviously\nconnected with classical Greek sesamon...were tranlated 'sesame'. All is now\nin doubt because of the entire absence of archaeobotanical evidence for sesame\nin the ancient Near East before the end of the second millennium BC. Pending\nearlier finds of sesame seeds, it is now often concluded that linseed was the\ncommon oil of ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt and bore these names. On this\nassumption, whenever sesame was introduced from India, possibly shortly before\n1000 BC, it will rapidly have displaced linseed as a food oil--since it is\nmore easily kept fresh...At the Persian King's Dinner...sesame oil was used\nboth in the cooking process and as a seasoning...It remained rather unfamiliar\nin classical Greece and Rome, but was was observed in use in contemporary\nMesopotamia and Egypt...it was one of five oils taxed under Ptolemy\nII...Sesame grew in Egypt, Syria and Babylon in large quantities by\nHellenistic times...The seed was a popular ingredient in cakes, particularly\nwedding cakes, to judge by Greek literary sources.\" ---Food in the Ancient\nWorld From A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003(p. 297)\n\n\"There is now fairly conclusive evidence that the sesame, rightly called\nSesamum indicum, is indeed of Indian origin, its prgenitor being the wild\nIndian species, S.orientale var. malabaricum which still exists all over the\ncountry. This was probably the wild Sesame, or jartila, first mentioned in the\nTaittirlya Samhita as an uncultivated grain pemitted to ascetics...Both\narchealogical and literary evidence support the antiquity of the sesame in\nIndia. A 'charred lump of sesame' was found in c. 2000 BC layers in Harappa,\nalong with burnt grains of wheat and peas...Sesame oil has played a seminal\nrole in borth north and south India...Sanskrit litrature reveals that from\nabout 500 BC or so, oil was extraced from sesame seed in an animal-drwn\nmortal-and-pestle device.\" ---A Historical Dictionary of Indian Food, K.T.\nAchaya [Oxford University Press:Delhi] 1998 (p. 231-232)\n\nAncient & Imperial Rome \"Sesame, sesamon, a lightly aromatic seed, was used as\na garnish. Hipponax, in the sixth century BC, wrote of not biting bits and\nhare, not biting pancakes with sesame seeds, not drenching cakes in honeycomb'\n...The compound sesamopastos, sprinkled with sesame seeds', is used of a cake\nor sweet by Philoxenus, which must have resembled a tahini or halva and was\nused as a filling for cakes; Aristophanes seems to talk of sesame folded into\na cake...\" ---Siren Feasts: A History of Food and Gastronomy in Greece, Andrew\nDalby [Routledge:London] 1996 (p. 86)\n\n\"Imperial Rome...Columella, in the first century A.D. reported accurately that\n\"it [sesame] usually requires loamy soil, but it thrives no less well in rich\nsand or in mixed ground...\" Pliny, also writing in the first century\nA.D....appears to have known sesame well...the Romans ground sesame seeds with\ncumin to make a pasty spread for bread.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food,\nKenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University\nPress:Cambridge] 2001, Volume 1 (p. 415)\n\nNorth America \"Lowcountry slaves cultivated a much greater range of plants,\nincluding many more African varities, in their own plots and gardens than did\nChesapeake slaves...Lowcountry slaves...introduced sesame--what they called\n'Benni'--to the region. A late-eighteenth-century history of plants noted that\nSouth Carlonia slaves bmade both 'soups and puddings' of sesame and used its\noil in salads. In 1762, an observer of the 'private fields' of Lowcountry\nslaves saw their 'beny-seed,' which the bondpeople plnted for 'their own use\nand profit.'\" ---Slave Counterpoint: Black Culture in the Eighteenth-Century\nChesapeake & Lowcountry, Philip D. Morgan [University of North Carolina\nPress:Chapel Hill NC] 1998(p. 141) [NOTE: This scholarly book offers extensive\nfootnotes.]\n\n\"Sesame seeds which may be indigenous to West or Central Africa were groughto\nAmerica by African slaves andhas impacted significantly upon American Cookery,\nespecially in South Carolina. Here in Carolina Low Country, the sesame seed,\ncalled benne in the Mandingo County on the upper Niger River, was pounded into\na paste and mixed with hominy, instinctively improving the amount of protein\nin their diet. A substitute for peanuts, it was mixed with oysters to make a\nsavory, creamy soup, or sprinkled over grilled chicken breast coated with\ncayenne and grape preserve. The American cook has found ingenious use of\nsesame seeds to not only improve the fragrance and flavor of their foods, but\nalso to make candies, cookies, desserts, etc. The candies cookerd in the\nAfrican Americans' home was most often cooked as a 'cash' food to be sold to\nwhites rather than consumption by the cook's family.\" ---Aspects of African\nAmerican Foodways, Howard Paige [Aspects Publsihing Company:Southfield MI]\n1999 (p. 132) [NOTE: recipes for Benne Brittle, Benne Cookies & Benne Cookie\nCakes follow.]\n\nOpen Sesame! myths & legends \"Sesame plays a large role in myth and ritual,\nparticularly among the Hindus of India. Most likely, sesame originated in\nIndia, though some scholars believe it originated in Africa. Sesame seeds are\neaten as food and pressed to make oil, which is use both in cooking and for\nannointing. Both the seeds and the oil have ritual significance. Hindus make\ncakes of the seeds and offer them to spirits of the dead. They annoint\nthemselves with oil to bring good luck and to keep evil away. Since antiquity,\nHindus have linked sesame with death. For this reason they have traditionally\nused sesame seeds both in ceremonies for the dead and in ceremonies conducted\nto counteract the influence of demonic forces...The ancient mythological\nconnections are numerous and widespread. In Hindu myth, Yama, the god of the\ndead, created sesame, so the people offer both the seeds and the oil to\nhim...Hindus also use sesame seeds in funeral rites for the newly\ndeceased...believing that sesame will offer them protection against\nevil...Hindus who offer sesame to the living belive that this sacred grain\nhelps remove the contagion of death...There is now doubt that people past and\npresent assigned sesame magical properties. Perhaps the most telling measure\nof sesame's reputed magic the world over is the effect the phrase 'Open\nSesame!' had for Ali Baba in The Arabian Nights iand in various European\nfolktales. The utterance of these words not only opened doors but also secret\npassages in trees and mountain caves. The power of these words stemmed from\nthe ancient belief that certain plants contained magic and that sesame was one\nsuch plant.\" ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World\nMythology, Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p. 211-212)\n\nRelated food: Benne seed wafers.\n\nTaro \"Taro...The family has a bewildering range of names. Other common names\nfor the principal kind of taro are colocasia, which has also become the\nbotanical name, and the corresponding Arabi name qulqas, old cocyam, a name\nused in Africa to distinguish it from new cocyam..Taro originated in India or\nSE Asia, and may have been first cultivated as early as 5000BC...Cultivation\nof taro spread eastwards to China (berfore 100 BC) and Japan; and also\nwestward, arriving in Egypt around 100 BC. There it came to the notice of the\nLatin writer Pliny, who called it the arum of the Egyptians'; and it also\npicked up the Greek name kolokasia, which had formerly been used for a lotus\nroot. Cultivation spread through Africa, and by the early centuries of the\nChristian era the plant was a staple crop in W. Africa...The introduction of\ntaro to the Pacific islands had major results for the diet there, since it\nrapidly became a staple of the region. It is especially important in Hawaii,\nwhere the prevailing creation myth states that taro was the first-born of\nFather Sky and Daughter Earth, humans coming next. Traditionally, the\ncultivation of taro in Hawaii has been men's work and its sacred character was\nsuch that women were not supposed to touch the plants. Indeed the most\ncommonly produced red variety was in former times reserved exclusively for use\nby the chiefs...The roots of wild plants are tnerally unpleasantly acrid in\nflavour on account ot the presence of crystals of calcium oxolate, which are\nclustered particularly thickly under the skin. Selection, even in very early\ntimes, of the least acrid plants has led to modern cultivated strains, some of\nwhich are mild enough to eat raw. However, the calcium oxolate problem can be\novercome by peeling and cooking. When properly prepared, taro has a light,\nmealy texture like a delicate, floury potato. The flavour is pleasant, light\nwithout being insipid, sometimes slightly sweet.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food,\nAlan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 783-4)\n\n\"Taro refers to four members of the Aracae family...The last [Colocasia\nesculenta, true taro] is the most widely distributed, and in many places in\nOceania, it was the favored staple. Ancient Hawaiians, perhaps Oceania's most\nsophisticated agriculturalists, recognized between 150 and 175 distinguishable\nvarieties of taro...Taro was the main staple of the Hawaiians and Samoans.\nColocasia taro is believed to have been one of the first root crops to be\ndomesticated...Traditionally, it was found from South Asia through Indonesia\nto the Pacific. Recent evidence suggests widely distributed multiple sites\nbeing highland Papau New Guinea...Polynesian taro, however, had its origins in\nIndonesia, although New Guinea may have been the immediate area of\ndomestication.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple &\nKriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume\nTwo (p. 1353-4)\n\n\"Colocassi is a Cypriot version of the taro, a tropical and temperate plant\nwith large starchy edible tubers. In the case of the colocassi, the tubers are\ncomparatively elongated and slender, with a characteristic stalk-like stump,\nso that they rather resemble an unfamiliar but suspicious species of tall\nmushroom. Their name is an alteration of colocasia, the Latin genus name of\nthe taro; this in turn came from Greek lolokasia, a term originally applied ot\nthe edible root of the Egyptian water-lily.\" ---An A to Z of Food and Drink,\nJohn Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 86)\n\n\"...the Hawaiians subsisted primarly on taro, its swollen, fleshy corm\nproviding their daily staple. Where taro originally came form is a matter of\nconjecture, but ethnobotanists suggest that it was first cultivated in India\nor in Southeast Asia. From there it spread west and east: west to Africa and\non to the Caribbean and Latin America with the slave trade; east to China,\nJapan, and the Polynesian islands, eventually ending up in its most remote\nlocation--Hawaii. And nowhere in the world did a people come to depend so\nheavily on taro as did the Hawaiians....So it is not surprising that the\nHawaiians gave taro a prominent place in their creation stories. According to\none version, the sky principle, Wakea, mated with the earth principle, Papa,\nto produce two offspring: from the body of the first, which died, sprang the\ntaro plant; form the second came the human race. The very word for the family\nin Hawaiian--ohana--is derived from the word for the cormlets--oha--that\nbranch out drom the swollen subterranean stem--the corm--of the plant...In the\npast, taro was baked in an imu until tender; in recent times, a cleaned,\n5-gallon kerosene can eased the job considerably. As soon as the taro was\ncool, it was peeled. Then it was set on a large, slightly hollowed board about\n3 feet long. The man who was to pound the poi sat with his legs straddling the\nboard and pounded it with a stone mallet...From time to time, the man dipped\nthe tips of his fingers into a bowl of water and shook them over the mass of\ntaro, all the while constantly turning it. When the pounded taro was still\nsolid, he stopped. This paiai kept well and was light enoguth to be carried to\nother locations.\" ---The Food of Paradise, Rachel Laudan [University of\nHawai'i Press:Honolulu] 1996 (p. 217-9)\n\n\"Taro corms are roasted, boiled, or baked, and may be made into cakes. Heating\nis necessary to remove an acrid, irritating property of the raw corm.\nTraditionally, the substance blamed for this irritation has been the needle-\nlike crystals of calcium oxalate, which occur throughout the plant and become\nlodged in the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat. Dumbcane\n(Dieffenbachia), a household plant, is considered a dangerous poison for the\nsame reason. Now other researchers suspect that one or more additional\nchemicals may be responsible for the acridity and intense itching and burning\nof raw taro, which would be injected into mucous membranes by the sharp-tipped\ncalcium oxalate crystals. In the Hawaiian Islands, taro plant is eaten after\nthoroughly boiled to destroy the toxins; the leaf (luau, also the name of the\nfeast using taro leaves) must be boiled at least 45 minutes over low heat,\nwhereas corms are boiled in a deep pot with salted water for at least an hour\nor until soft.\" SOURCE: UCLA\n\nRelated starches: sago, tapioca & cassava.\n\nTimbale Defining the term \"timbale\" is a complicated exercise in culinary\ncontext. Ingredients, method, purpose, and presentation are period and place\ndependent. In the most basic sense, timbales are fancy molded compositions\ncombining an outer layer of starch (grain, pasta, rice) with fillings (meat,\nvegetable, fruit). Some are layered (similar to contemporary lasagne); others\nare vertical presentations (similar to vol-au-vent). Timbales can be savory or\nsweet and served at almost any course. The ultimate flexible food application.\n\nEnglish/Anglo meaning According to the [online] Oxford English Dictionary the\nword timbale, in the culinary sense, appeared in in English print in1842: \"2.\nCookery. A dish made of finely minced meat, fish, or other ingredients, cooked\nin a crust of paste or in a mould: so called from its shape. 1824 BYRON Juan\nXV. lxvi. 38 Then there was God knows what l'Allemande,..timballe, and\nSalpicon. 1866 MRS. GASKELL Wives & Dau. I. xv. 178 Mr. Gibson had to satisfy\nhis healthy English appetite on badly-made omelettes, rissoles, vol-au-vents,\ncroquets, and timbales. 1880 OUIDA Moths I. 25 Eating her last morsel of a\ntruffled timbale. 1899 Westm. Gaz. 16 Sept. 1/3 If I could only have a little\nsweetbread timbale, she said longingly. 1908 Daily Chron. 10 Apr. 7/5 Chicken\nTimbales with Sauce.\"\n\nItalian applications \"Timballo is a tall cylindrical container, timbale in\nFrench, and gives its name to any dish cooked in it, usually enclosed in a\npastry or pasta lining, which is then unmoulded. The contents can be short or\nstuffed pasta in a rich sauce, sometimes a besciamella, with the addition of\nmany delicacies like truffles, sweetbreads, artichoke bottoms. This is also\ncalled a pasticcio...\" ---Oxford Companion to Italian Food, Gillian Riley\n[Oxford Univeristy Press:New York] 2007 (p. 528)\n\n\"Timballo. Timbale. A dish, often with pasta or rice, made in a form and\nunmolded. Timballini are small molds. From the Arabic at-tabl (the drum). The\nmost famous timballo is the Sicilian timballo di anellini, made with ring-\nshape dried pasta, balsamello, ground beef and chicken, peas, and vegetables,\nall wrapped in lettuce leaves and baked in a mold. Timballo di crespelle is\ncrepes layered with spinach, ground meat, giblets, mozzarella, and parmigiano,\nfrom Abruzzo.\" ---The Dictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani\n[Broadway Books:New York] 1998 (p. 257)\n\n\"Rice is...the protagonist of tummala [timbale], an elaborate casserole from\neastern Sicily, which is said to derive its name from that of Mohammad Ibn\nThummah, an empire of Catania during the Saracen occupation.\" ---Pomp and\nSustenance: Twenty-Five Centuries of Sicilian Food, Mary Taylor Simeti [Ecco\nPress:Hopwell NJ]1998 (p. 72)\n\n\"...Lampedusa's timballo is perhaps the summa of an ancient tradition rather\nthan the product of a single recipe. It is curiously reminiscent of the patina\napiciana from classical Rome, in which layers of laganum, an early version of\nlasagna, alternate with layers of chicken, fish, or songbirds. The sugar and\nthe cinnamon recall the timbales and the torta described in fourteenth-century\nTuscan cookbooks; the ham and truffles sound a note of nineteenth-century\nFrance. Its presence on a princely table in the middle of the nineteenth\ncentury, albeit as a provincial alternative to consomme, speaks volumes about\nthe evolution of the Sicilian 'baronial cuisine'.\" ---ibid (p. 182)\n\n\"Timballo di riso is very simply made, with butter stirred carefully into the\nrice until each grain is glistening, the timbale then being served with meat,\nfish, or vegetable sauce.\" ---The Food of Italy, Waverly Root [Vintage\nBooks:New York] 1991 (p. 440)\n\n\"...popular Abruzzi dishes are...Timballo...based on pancakes, built up in\nlayers with fillings between each two pancakes, built up in layers with\nfilling between each two pancakes of previously fried tiny meat balls, small\npieces of chicken, peas, mushrooms which have been pre-fried in butter, diced\nmilk with beaten eggs in it, meat-and-tomato sauce, and nutmeg...\"---ibid (p.\n532)\n\n\"There are homemade dishes, but for holidays and other festive occasions the\nfamily may resort to store-bought macaroni, the nearest baker's oven and\nperhaps even to a professional cook for a mess of maccheroni al forno, oven-\nbaked macaroni, for which the pasta is combined with buffalo cheese, sausage\nand meat balls into a sort of pie. This is a festive dish in all three of the\nsouthern-most provinces, sometimes under the alternative name of timballo di\nmaccheroni.\"---ibid (p. 554)\n\nFrench interpretations \"A timbale can be composed of meat, fish, or vegetables\nin a creamy sauce, or of fruit in Chantilly cream, but its essence is in its\nshape, which is that of a cup or bowl (the original meaning of timbale in\nFrench is 'kettledrum'). The 'case' enclosing a timbale's contents is usually\nmade of pastry, but rice or pasta are also used. Timbales are part of classic\nFrench cuisine, and there are numerous specialized recipes...by the end of the\nnineteenth century it was firmly in place on the best Victorian and Edwardian\ntables.\" ---An A-Z of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 343-344)\n\n\"Timbale. By definition this word (which comes from Arab thabal meaning drum)\nmeans a small metal receptacle, round in shape and mostly intended to hold a\nbeverage. Timbales of this kind are chiefly made of silver, sometimes of gold,\nor sometimes of silver plate, and are of many kinds. Some are simple; others\nare ornamented. The word timbale, which in the early days was only applied to\nindividual drinking cups, has taken on a much wider meaning, and is used to\ndescribe all sorts of bowls, of metal, earthenware and china, larger than\nthose that our fathers used at table, which were of a size to sere two guests\ntogether ...These timbales of the new type were used chiefly to serve\nvegetables and food in sauce. In French culinary parlance today the same word\nis still used in the phrase dresser en timbale to describe the serving of some\npreparation in a large bowl, which may be a vegetable dish or leguimier,\nalthough used for many other foodstuffs than vegtables. Thus in these\ntimbales-legumiers are served scrambled eggs, food in sauce, purees, custards\nand othe prepartions, all to some extent liquid. Dresser en timbale in modern\nculinary parlance often means to heap the food on a platter in a pyramid\nshape, usually garnished. Culinarily the word timbale means a preparation of\nan kind cooked or served in a pie crust. Timbapes of this kind are simply a\nsort of hot pie, which instead of being made in a special mould or dish,\nusualy inged, are made in plain round mould with high sides. These moulds are\nsometimes embellished...their sides are...decorated with motifs or [sic]\ndifferent kinds. These timbales are filled before cooking with forcemat and\nmeats of various sorts...Ther eare many...kinds of timbale which are not\nfilled until after the crust has been cooked...To meet the needs of the\nordinary housewife, timbale cases are made in fireproof porcelain in the same\nshape and colour as the real pie-crusts. But the true gourmand, is not\nsatisfied with a timbale whos crust is not edible; when served with a real\ntimbale, this gourmand enjoys not only the contents but the container too.\"\n---Larousse Gastronomique, Prosper Montagne [Crown:New York] 1961 (p. 959)\n\nUSA recipes 19th century American recipes, courtesy of Michigan State\nUniversity's Feeding America digital cookbook project (search recipe name:\ntimbale):\n\nTracklements Food historians define \"tracklements\" as a variety of traditional\nBritish condiments accompanying meat. They trace the genesis of this term to\nDorothy Hartley's Food in England [1954]. Tracklements brand condiments were\nintroduced in the 1970s.\n\n\"Tracklements is a cover term for a wide range of condiments that go with meat\n--mustards...relishes, pickled greengages, apple jelly spiked with rosemary,\nrowan jelly suffused with port wine--the sort of items, in fact, that in the\nlatter part of the twentieth century became widely avaialble in samll\nnostalgic jars at large prices. The English food-writer Dorothy Hartley\nclaimed to have invented the word, or rather its culinary application.\nAccording to her she was reviving an old term for 'impedimenta' in general.\nHowever, no trace of such a word has been found before she first used it in\nthe early 1950s, and its origins remain a mystery. One possibility is that\nLatin tragmata or Greek tragmata, 'spices, condiments' may have been present\nat its birth.\" ---An A-Z of Food & Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 2002 (p. 348)\n\nThe Oxford English Dictionary (accessed online 28 August 2013) confirms the\nterm \"tracklement\" first surfaces in mid-the 1950s. Unlike most words, this\none purportedly has an \"inventor,\" which makes for a great story!\n\n> \"tracklement, n. Pronunciation: /?trk(?)lm?nt/ Etymology: Origin obscure.\n> Dorothy Hartley claimed to have invented this word. She also claimed that\n> her use of it in this sense was a spec. application of an older word,\n> probably dial., meaning appurtenances, impedimenta, but no evidence of such\n> a word has been found. An article of food, spec. a jelly, prepared to\n> accompany meat. 1954 D. Hartley Food in Eng[land]. v. 161 (heading) Mutton\n> tracklements and condiment. 1959 Times 24 Aug. 11/4 A pleasantly astringent,\n> smokily flavoured jelly as a tracklement with mutton. 1971 R. Condon\n> Vertical Smile (1973) xxxvii. 259 A saddle of lamb..delicate enough to\n> accept only such a tracklement as rowan jelly. 1978 Observer 26 Feb. 35/9\n> Various salads and tracklements are included in the cold table.\"\n\nTracklements brand condiments and jellies launched in 1970: \"Tracklements\nbegan in 1970 when, having read John Evelyn's Diaries, William Tullberg\nstarted to make the first English wholegrain mustard How It Started\" The first\ntrial saw the mustard seed being put through a coffee grinder, before it was\ndiscovered that an old industrial coffee mill could be adapted to grind the\nmustard seed correctly. After the first small batches of Urchfont Mustard were\nmade for friends and for Saturday morning sausage and mash parties, William\nstarted to make mustards full time. \"I remembered my Lincolnshire grandmother\nusing the word \"tracklements\" for meat accompaniments and it seemed such an\nappropriate name that we named the company \"Wiltshire Tracklements\".\nTracklements has continued to grow steadily over the years with William's son,\nGuy, taking over the reins and the product range expanding to incorporate over\n60 products; relishes, chutneys, sauces, jellies, ketchups, pickles,\nmayonnaise, salsas and fruit cheeses. Along the way, Tracklements has outgrown\nseveral premises, eventually moving, in July 2007, to a new unit just a few\nmiles from the original bakery in Sherston. Our current site has given us the\nmuch needed warehouse space for the increasing number of people enjoying our\naward winning products!\" SOURCE: Tracklements company web.\n\nThe earliest trademark registration with the the United Kingdom Intellectual\nProperty Office is 1996. The trademark was re-registered in 2007.\n\nTrail mix & gorp The history of trail mix and and gorp-type foods (nutritious,\nhigh-energy snacks composed variously of nuts, seeds, dried meats, dried\nfruits & berries and candy) begins with ancient nomads. These people were\nexperts (they had to be!) at creating portable high-energy snacks that\nwithstood weather and did not require cooking. The practice of drying food for\npreservation purposes was practiced by many ancient cultures and cuisines, and\nthese foods were relatively easy to obtain.\n\nAs time marched on, so did the trail mix. Ancient travelers, explorers,\npioneers, hunters, soldiers, hikers, scouts--anyone needing a lightweight\ncarboload-- have enjoyed some version of this portable treat. Native Americans\nate trail mix foods, too. They taught the Voyageurs how to make pemmican.\n\nFood historians generally place first the commercially manufactured products\ncalled trail mix/gorp in California, 1968. This makes sense, given the\nplentify availability of locally dried fruits (raisins, dates, etc.) and\nCalifornia's reputation for marketing natural foods. Today's American trail\nmix and gorp typically do not contain meat products. The recipes range from\nhome-made favorites to pricey gourmet pre-packaged items. They can be as\nhealthy or sodium filled/fat-laden as any other food. It all depends upon the\ningredients.\n\nTrail mix This name recalls the old days when people ate mixtures of dried\nfoods while traveling \"on the trail.\" As with many foods, the name preceded\nthe product. Harmony Foods (California) claims to be the first to market a\nproduct with this name. The date? 1968. The other company claiming the\ninvention of trail mix is Hadley Fruit Orchards, also in California\n\nAccording to the records of the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office Hadley's trail\nmix product was introduced to the American public in 1968:\n\n> \"Word Mark ORIGINAL TRAIL MIX Goods and Services IC 029. US 046. G & S:\n> Snack food mix consisting primarily of raisins, processed sunflower seeds,\n> processed pumpkin seeds, processed peanuts, processed cashews, processed\n> almonds, soybean oil and/or cottonseed oil and/or canola oil and/or almond\n> oil and salt. FIRST USE: 19680000. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 19770000 Mark\n> Drawing Code (1) TYPED DRAWING Design Search Code Serial Number 76345939\n> Filing Date December 7, 2001 Current Filing Basis 1A Original Filing Basis\n> 1A Published for Opposition September 24, 2002 Registration Number 2662697\n> Registration Date December 17, 2002 Owner (REGISTRANT) Hadley Date Gardens,\n> Inc. CORPORATION CALIFORNIA 83555 Airport Blvd. Thermal CALIFORNIA 92274\n> Attorney of Record John H. Alspaugh Disclaimer NO CLAIM IS MADE TO THE\n> EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO USE \"TRAIL MIX\" APART FROM THE MARK AS SHOWN Type of Mark\n> TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL-2(F) Live/Dead Indicator LIVE\"\n\nWord Mark HARMONY Goods and Services IC 029. US 046. G & S: DRIED FRUIT,\nPROCESSED NUTS, AND MIXTURES OF DRIED FRUIT AND PROCESSED NUTS. FIRST USE:\n19690906. FIRST USE IN COMMERCE: 19690906 Mark Drawing Code (1) TYPED DRAWING\nDesign Search Code Serial Number 73184473 Filing Date September 5, 1978\nCurrent Filing Basis 1A Original Filing Basis 1A Registration Number 1129023\nRegistration Date January 8, 1980 Owner (REGISTRANT) HARMONY FOODS, INC.\nCORPORATION CALIFORNIA 2141 DELAWARE AVE. SANTA CRUZ CALIFORNIA 95061 (LAST\nLISTED OWNER) HARMONY FOODS CORPORATION CORPORATION DELAWARE 11899 EXIT FIVE\nPARKWAY FISHERS INDIANA 46038 Assignment Recorded ASSIGNMENT RECORDED Attorney\nof Record ERIC S. WACHSPRESS Type of Mark TRADEMARK Register PRINCIPAL\nAffidavit Text SECT 15. SECT 8 (6-YR). Renewal 1ST RENEWAL 20000111 Live/Dead\nIndicator LIVE\n\nGORP (aka Good Old Raisins and Peanuts, Granola Oats Raisins and Peanuts)\nWebster's New Universal Unabridged Dictionary [Barnes & Noble:New York] 1996\nsuggests this term might have derived from \"GLOP,\" used 1955-1960.\nCoincidentally? This was also the time when home-made party snack mixes were\npopular and Chex Mix was born.\n\n\"Gorp...as a noun, \"gorp\" refers to a mixture of dried fruit, seeds, nuts, and\nchocolate chips used as high-energy food for athletes, particularly hikers and\nmountain climbers, a meaning known in print since 1968.\" ---Encyclopedia of\nAmerican Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar Friedman:New York] 1999 (p.\n142)\n\nVanilla \"Vanilla...of the great number of orchid family members, Vanilla\nplanifolia...is one of the few to be prized for something other than its\nflowers. The vanilla bean is the pod fruit of this climbing orchid, which is\nnative to that part of the New World that also gave chocolate to the whole\nworld...However, it was not the Aztecs who first discovered the secret of\nvanilla, which was one of nature's better-guarded secrets that neither the\nvanilla flower nor its fruit have a telltale aroma that might have demanded\nfurther investigation. Rather, it was the Totonacs, in what has become the\nMexican state of Vera Cruz, who discoverd at least 1,000 years ago that if the\ninitially tasteless beans were \"sweated\" in the sun for two or three weeks,\nand then slowly dried for several months, this process would force the\ndevelopment of vanillin, the major flavor componnent of the beans. It is\ninterested to note that although the Totonacs were subsequently conquered by\nthe Aztecs, they in turn joined forces with the newly arrived Spaniards to\noverturn the Aztec empire. And this meant that they continued to have a\nmonopoly on vanilla.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food/Kenneth F. Kiple and\nKriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume\nTwo (p. 1874-5)\n\nThe indigenous tribes of Mexico were harvesting vanilla pods as early as 6000\nB.C. and using them primarily to flavor their chocolate drinks...They also\nground up vanilla flowers and wore them around their necks as amulets and\nmedicinal charms. They used vanilla as a perfume, a medicine, a mental\nstimulant, an insect repellant, and an aprhodisiac...By creating the goddess\nXanath, the Totonacs revealed their belief that the gods themselves gave the\npeople vanilla. According to myth, the heavenly vanilla vine continued to\nbloom and produce fruit on earth to supply not only Xanaths warrior but all of\nthe Totonacs with eternal happiness. Having received this heavenly gift, the\npeople made it their duty to care for the vines, to guard them against theft,\nand to learn how to increase their productivity, which they did by performing\nwhat was called a marriage of vanilla. ---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia\nof Food in World Mythology/Tamra Andrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p.\n235)\n\nVanilla in Europe \"In its original Central American home vanilla was used by\nthe Aztecs to flavour chocolate, and the first writers in English to mention\nit when it had crossed the Atlantic with the Spanish describe the process; the\nnatualist John Ray, for instance in 1673: 'vanillas which they mingle with\nCacao to make Chocolate'. It fact, when chocolate was first introduced to\nEurope in the sixteenth century, it was cinnamon that was usually used to\nflavour it, at is was not until the eighteenth century that vanilla toook over\na role it has never held since. But it is as and ingredient of ice cream that\nvanilla really come into its own: it appears to have been popularized in the\nUSA in the latter part of the nineteenth century...and by the early twentieth\ncentury it had established itself as the standard flavouring...The Spanish\nwere responsible not only for importing the vanilla pod to Europe, but also\nfor supplying Europe's languages with a name for it. In Spanish it is\nvainilla, a diminutive of vaina, 'sheath'--a reference to the long narrow\npods.\" ---An A-Z of Food and Drink/John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford]\n2002 (p. 355-356)\n\n\"Vanilla...is one of the few tropical spices indigenous ot the New World, and\none of the most popular flavourings worldwide for confectionery and other\nsweet foods...Vanilla was first used by the Aztecs and its use recorded by the\nSpanish. Diaz noticed Montezuma drinking tlilxochitl, a drink made from cacao\nbeans flavoured with vanilla...In the second half of the 16th century, the\nSpaniards imported vanilla beans into Spain and made chocolate flavoured with\nthe spice. Hugh Morgan, apothecary to Elizabeth I, suggested vanilla as a\nflavouring in its won right and gave some cured beans to the Flemish botanist\nClusius who described them in his Exoticorum Libri Decem (1605). Plants were\ntaken to Reunion in 1822 by the French, then to Mauritus in 1827 and to\nMadagascar in about 1840. But pollination of the vanilla vine is mysterious\nand only occurs unaided in Mexico--even there only a small percentage of the\nfruits set naturally. So it was not until Albius, a former slave in Reunion,\ndevelopled a practical method of pollinating vanilla artificially that\ncommercial cultivation of vanilla became possible. Madagascar, together with\nthe Comor Islands and Reunion, now produces about 80 per cent of the world\noutput of the variety of V. planifolia known as Bourbon vanilla...Much of the\nvanilla entering western markets is used for its preparation of vanilla\nextract, a hydroalcoholic solution which contains the extracted aroma and\nflavour of vanilla...Vanillin, the chief flavouring principle, has been the\nsubject of much attention from flavour chemists. The first synthetic vanillin\nwas produced by German chemists in 1874 was coniferin...Synthetic vanillin can\nalso be produced from other sources such as coal tar extracts...European take-\nup of vanilla was long restricted to a flavour enhancer for chocolate and\ntobacco although there was early use of it in puddings...Also, its rarity\nmeant it soon entered the pharmacy, particularly as an aphrodisiac.\" ---Oxford\nCompanion to Food/Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2nd edition,\n2007 (p. 823-4)\n\nThere are about a hundred species of the genus Vanilla, all tropical vining\norchids...The French were certainly involved in the expansion of vanilla\ncultivation. There were French colonists in the state of Veracruz in Mexico in\nthe eighteenth century, growing vanilla. The first commercial plantations were\nthere, on vanillas native territory, but they suffered from the inadequacy of\nthe natural pollinators until a series of experiments on greenhouse plants in\nthe Old World showed how to do it better than the bees. The French colonists\nhad to share the technique, derived by Charles Morren in Liege Belgium in\n1836, with the neighboring Totonac Indians, who also raised vanilla, because\nthe Totoancs, seeing the vastly increased crops of the French, accused them of\nthievery. In 1841 a former slave, Edmond Albius, on the island of Reunion, in\nthe Indian Ocean, discovered an even quicker and easier method of pollinating\nthe flowers. This raised the productivity...by a factor of five and encouraged\nthe French to expand vanilla cultivation on their tropical island possessions.\n---Americas First Cuisines/Sophie D. Coe [University Of Texas Press:Austin TX]\n1994 (p.59-60)\n\nVanilla in North America Like chocolate, vanilla arrived in North America via\nEurope:\n\n\"Americans were not much familiar with vanilla until ice cream became popular\nin the late eighteenth century. Thomas Jefferson discovered its virtues in\nFrance and on arriving back in the United States in 1789 sent for some pods\nfrom Paris, which must have come from Central America in the first place. By\nthe nineteeth century Americans developed a passion for vanilla, especially as\nan ice-cream flavoring (by 1932 it as estimated that 75-80 percent of all ice\ncream was vanilla) and today America uses more vanilla than any other country.\nVanilla extract (or \"vanilla essence\") created by Joseph Burnett in 1847, was\nmade by soaking vanilla beans in grain alcohol and water.\" ---Encyclopedia of\nAmerican Food & Drink,/John F. Mariani [Lebhar Friedman:New York] 1999 (p.\n338)\n\n\"Although vanilla was used extensively in French cookery, it was not an\nimportant flavoring in colonial America, although small quanities of vanilla\nbeans were imported into the United Sates prior to 1800....By the late\nnineteenth century, vanilla was an important ingredient in American recipes\nfor sauces, ice cream, baked goods, and beverages...As the prices of vanilla\nand vanillin declined, the flavoring was used in a much wider range of foods\nand dishes, including custards, puddings, cakes, candies, cookies, meringues,\nmacaroons, and pies. In the 1870s, soda fountain proprietors began using\nvanilla as a flavoring, and the cream soda was invented...Vanilla\nmanufacturers produced cookbooklets filled with recipes to encourage the use\nof their products.\" ---Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America/Andrew\nF. Smith, editor [Oxford University Press:New York] 2004, Volume 2 (p. 569)\n\nRecommended reading: Vanilla: The Cultural History of the World's Favorite\nFlavor and Fragrance/Patricia Rain\n\nVinegar The history of vinegar is connected with that of wine. Ancient peoples\nof many cultures and cuisines appreciated vinegar for its preservative\nqualities and medicinal attributes. According to the food historians,\ncommercial (large-scale) production began in France during the 16th century.\nWhy? Changing tastes prefered this new flavor over traditional salt\npreservation. The French were quick to recognize and capitalize on the growing\ndemands of this new market. Italians countered with basalmic vinegar. By the\n19th century, vinegar was employed for culinary, medicinal, household and\npersonal uses.\n\nHow old is vinegar? \"Vinegar has been in use for thousands of years and its\norigins are untraceable. One of the earliest references is from the 5th\ncentury BC, where Hippocrates recommended its medicinal powers. However, then\nas now, its main use has beeen as a flavoring and preserving agent. There was\nno need to invent vinegar as it makes itself without difficulties.\" ---Oxford\nCompanion to Food, Alan Davisdon [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p.\n827)\n\nVinegar in the Ancient world \"Vinegar merely as a condiment was not important,\nbut ut was a very necessary part of food preservation; vinegar and hard\nbrine', says Columella, are essential for making preserves'. In addition, it\nwas commonly used as a drink when diluted with water. This diltuion meant that\na small abount of vinegar would go much furhter han the same amount of wine,\nso it proved to be useful and refreshing drink to take on long journeys where\nbaggage had to be kept to a minimum. It is not surprising therefore that it\nfigured among the rations of the Roman soldiers when on the march. Vinegar was\nusually manufactured from flat wine and various crushed ingredients such as\nyeast, dried figs, salt and hone added. It could also be made from other\nfruits such as peaches, and squill vinegar is also mentioned.\" ---Food in\nAntiquity: A Survey of the Diet of Early Peoples, Don Brothwell and Patricia\nBrothwell, Expanded edition [Johns Hopkins:Baltimore] 1997 (p. 161-2)\n\n\"Vinegar, product of a secondary fermentation of wine (or other alcohol). In\nthe ancient Mediterranean vinegar was practically always made from wine, hence\nthe epic epithet oininon oxos winy vinegar' employed by Archestratus. Although\nby no means as desirable as fine wine, vinegar has important food uses and has\nbeen purposefully made ever since ancient times: instructions are given by\nColumella. Vinegar is most often used as a culinary ingredient and as a\npreservative. Numerous medicinal uses are listed by ancient physicians. A\nvinegar and water mixture, known in Greek as oxykraton, was also used\nmedicinally. A very similar mixture, flavoured with herbs, formed a popular\ncheap drink...Vinegar is Greek oxos, Latin acetum. These terms are often used\nmetaphorically for bad wine' in comic contexts...\" ---Food in the Ancient\nWorld From A to Z, Andrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003 (p. 343)\n\nFrench vinegar \"Vinegar (the French word, vinaigre, literally means sour\nwine') has been produced and used since the Gallo-Roman era; vinegar diluted\nwith water was a common drink of the Roman legionaires. Orleans, an important\ncentre for wine transport on the Loire, soon became the vinegar capital, and\nhald the French wine vinegar is still produced there. The vinegar merchants'\ncorporation was created in this city in 1394, and in 1580 Henri IV ordered\nthat the profession of vinegar and mustard merchant should be a recognized\noccupation in the town and its suburbs', which resulted in the perfection of\ncarefully developed production methods.\" ---Larousse Gastronomique, Completely\nrevised and updated [Clarkson Potter:New York] 2001 (p. 1287)\n\n\"It is believed that the first large-scale production of vinegar occurred in\nFrance during the 16th century--for use by the French as well as for export to\nthe British Isles and various European countries. It is further believed that\nthe first major quantities of vinegar were produced in England by processing\nsoured beers and ales. The standard table vinegars used in France today are of\ngrape origin; in the United Kingdom (malt), and in the United States\n(apples).\" ---Foods and Food Production Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine and\nGlenn D. Considine [Van Nostrand Reinhold:New York] 1982 (p. 2064)\n\nWine vinegar \"Vinegar production must have started in ancient times as the\nnatural result of exposure of wine and beer to the atmosphere when uses for\nsoured wine would naturally have developed. The traditional technique for\nmaking vinegar is called the Orleans process and involves only partially\nfilling barrels with wine and leaving it there, under the influence of\ndesirable acetobacter, for several months.\" ---The Oxford Companion to Wine,\nJancis Robinson, Second edition [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 749)\n\n\"The best wine vinegar may be made from either white or red wine, the latter\nhaving an agreeable mellow taste. Sherry also yields a particularly well-\nrounded flavour. Wine vinegars of the finest quality are made by a simple and\nancient methood known as the Orleans process. Thsi requires the maker not to\nbe in a hurry (the process takes months); to use small barrels (from which the\nheat engendered by fermentation dissipates quickly); to use wine of good\nquality; and to provide access to the barrels for air (which will contain\nacetobacytes, bacteria naturally present in the atmosphere). When the vinegar\nhas developed the required acidity some of it is drawn off and more wine\nadded. This sequence can be repeated for an indefinitely long period.\"\n---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford]\n1999 (p. 828)\n\n\"At the turn of the century, this city [Orleans, France] was home to more than\n200 vinegar producers. Now there is only one, Martin Pouret, a company that\nrefuses to abandon traditional methods. It is run by Jean Francois Martin, who\ngrew up next to the plant in a house built by his great-grandfather Emile\nPouret in 1870. It is on the bustling Faubourg Bannier, which once ran through\ncountryside but is now lined with row houses and shops. Mr. Martin's\ngrandmother Jeanne Pouret was the last of the Pourets, who founded the company\nin 1797. The name became Martin Pouret when she married Robert Martin after\nWorld War I. It was the location of Orleans as the Loire River port closest to\nParis - it is about 70 miles south-southwest of the capital - that led to its\nvinegar production in the Middle Ages. The Loire flows from near Lyons in the\nheart of the country to Brittany on the Atlantic. Goods, especially wine, were\nshipped on the river from Bordeaux, Burgundy and the Loire Valley, then\nunloaded in Orleans for the trip to Paris. Canals linked the Loire to Burgundy\nand the Rhone and ultimately to the Mediterranean. Wine that spoiled on the\ntrip was left at Orleans, and instead of discarding it, the Orleanais made it\ninto vinegar. A vinegar merchants' corporation was founded in 1394; production\nmethods had been defined by 1580. An explanation of the process was eventually\nprovided by Louis Pasteur, who discovered that the fermentation of wine into\nvinegar was caused by a bacterium. ''With the coming of the railroad by the\nturn of the century the importance of Orleans as a commercial center began to\ndecline,'' Jean Francois Martin said. Silting also interfered with navigation.\nAfter World War II, small vinegar companies gradually began closing, forced\nout of business by makers using high-speed industrial methods. It takes three\nweeks for wine to develop into vinegar by the traditional Orleans method. It\nis then aged in oak for six months. The industrial methods used to produce\nmost vinegar can convert 30,000 liters of wine into vinegar in 24 hours.\nUnlike the industrial method, the Orleans process does not require heating,\nthus preserving more flavor of the wine. ''We want to capture the quality of\nthe wine,'' Mr. Martin said. ''That's how the vinegar acquires its pedigree.''\nIn the Martin Pouret plant two dim rooms contain about 3,000 barrels, called\nvaisseaux, stacked in rows equally divided between red and white wine vinegar.\nEach barrel is only three-quarters full, because oxygen is needed for the\nbacteria to act. In a three-week cycle, a third of the vinegar in a barrel is\ndrawn off and an equal amount of new wine is added. As the alcohol in the new\nwine is converted into acetic acid, the flavor is enhanced by the vinegar that\nwas already in the barrel. ''We do not have to add new bacteria, but we watch\ncarefully and take samples to make sure the fermentation is consistent,'' Mr.\nMartin said. After three weeks no further beneficial fermentation takes place,\nhe said. ''When people make vinegar at home with what they call a 'mother,' ''\nMr. Martin said, ''they do not control the timing of the fermentation. These\npeople are making spoiled wine, not good vinegar.'' After three weeks, vinegar\nis transferred to oak casks for aging and is filtered after six months.\nFlavorings are added just before bottling.\" ---\"The Vinegar That Wants to Be\nDecanted,\" By Florence Fabricant, The New York Times, November 22, 1989,\nSection C; Page 3, Column 1; Living Desk\n\n> [1875] \"Vinegar, Wine, French Method of Making. The following is the French\n> method of making vinegar. The wine destined for vinegar is mixed in a large\n> tun with a quantity of wine lees, and the whole being transferred into cloth\n> sacks placed within a large iron-bound vat, the liquid matter is forced\n> through the sacks by superincumbent pressure. What passes through is put\n> into large casks set upright, having a small apurture in their top. In these\n> it is exposed to the heat of the sun in summer, or to that of a stove in\n> winter. Fermentation supervenes in a few days. If the heat should rise too\n> high, it is lowered by cool air and the addition of fresh wine. In the\n> skilfull regulation of the fermentative temperature chiefly consists the art\n> of making good wine vinegar. In summer the process is generally complete in\n> a fortnight, in winter double the time is requisite. The vinegar is then run\n> off into the barrels, which contains several chips of birchwood. In about a\n> fortnight it is found to be clarified, and is then fit for the market. It\n> mus be kept in close casks.\" ---Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery with\n> Numerous Illustrations [Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Co.:London] 1875 (p. 1095)\n\nWhat is balsamic vinegar? \"Balsam...a compound of plant resins mixed with\nvolatile oils, insoluble in water, used in the past for medicinal purposes but\nalso sometimes as a flavouring. These substances were originaly obtained from\nthe Near and Middle East, as balsam of Golead or Mecca, and their use for\nmedicinal purposes in line with the Arabic tradition...Balsamic vinegar which\ntakes its name from balsamic', meaning health giving, is a traditional product\nof the province of Modena in Italy, produced on an artisanal scale and greatly\nsuperior to any balsamic vinegar' which comes from factories. Making the real\nthing takes a long time\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford\nUniversity Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 52)\n\n\"Balsamic vinegar...is a loaded name. It implies a precious substance, a\nspice, an aromatic plant, a perfume, a medicine, a cordial--in other words, an\nexceptional vinegar with all of those attributes. But it is not a vinegar, and\nit is not prduced in the same way, even through in the early stages of its\nmanufacture a vinegar mother may or may not be used. The genuine product--\nrecognized by the precise wording of its name, aceto balsamico tradisionale di\nModena, and the characteristic shape of the flask in which it is bottled--is a\ndense, aromatic condiment. In the past, a superfluity of grapes produced a\nyear's supply of fresh young wine, a plentiful amount of vinegar, and much\nmust to boil down to the thick sweet fruity syrup, sapa, or saba, which was\nused as a universal sweetneer or filling for tarts. The discover of the\ncomplex changes which turn this reduced must into extraordinary conciment\nremains a mystery, but references in classical literature have been\ninterpreted as evidence that something like it has been known for centuries.\"\n---Oxford Companion to Italian Food, Gillian Riley [Oxford University\nPress:New York] 2007 (p. 35) [NOTES: (1)This book provides a detailed\ndescription of the manufacturing process. (2) What was \"must?\"]\n\n\"Balsamic vinegar. A special condiment of Modena and Reggio Emilia made from\nthe boiled-down grape must to one-half its original volume...Some balsamic\nvinegars are aged a hundred years or longer...The name balsamic refers to the\nbalsamlike aroma of the vinegars made around Modena for a thousand years, and\nunknown outside that region until recently, and also to its balmlike effect.\nFor centuries, balsamico was used primarily for medicinal purposes and as a\nsweetener. It was much prized and very expensive and was given as gifts among\nfamilies, particularly among the nobility, who believed it could ward off the\nplague. Mere drops would be used to add flavor to a sauce or to dress fruit.\nOnly in the last decade has balsamico become a popular item in the kitchen--\nironically, only after American entrepreneur Chuck Williams brought some from\nModena for sale at his Williams-Sonoma kitchen specialty store in San\nFrancisco in 1976; it was offered for sale in the store's national catalog a\nyear later. Interest in the new product among Italian restauranteurs in the\nUnited States sparked an interest among cooks in Italy; balsamic vinegar has\nbecome as much a staple of American kitchens and restaurants as it is of those\nin Italy, France, Great Britain and other countries. Balsamico is now used\nliberally in salads, on grilled meats and fish, and in ways wine vinegar might\nbe. It is added in droplets to orange slices and strawberries.\" ---The\nDictionary of Italian Food and Drink, John Mariani [Broadway Books:New York]\n1998 (p. 28)\n\nVinegar in 19th century USA Period cookbooks confirm vinegar was a popular\nhousehold substance serving many purposes: culinary, medicinal, household and\npersonal. Recipes for vinegar suggest this product was sometimes made at home.\nInexpensive commercial vinegars, of various composition, were also available.\n\nCommercial vinegar \"Vinegar.--One of the most useful and frequently needed\narticles in the long catalogue of domestic wants, and yet but seldom to be\nobtained--the ordinary article sold being a diluted and impure solution of\nacetic acid. Acetic acid is the most common of the vegetable acids, occurring\nin the juices of a large number of plants. Vinegar in the United States is\nmade chiefly from cider, although whiskey and other alcoholic liquors are\nbrought into service; and even the refuse maple-sap, too poor for sugar, is\nboiled down, diluted and made into vinegar. The flavor and quality of the\nvinegar depends entirely upon the material of which it is made, and the\nquality and condition of that material--thus wine vinegar is the color of the\nwine producing it. Of all the sources for the production of vinegar, cider\nmade from sound, ripe, sweet apples by a good process, and without\nadulterations, is undoubtedly the most the most agreeable and serviceable\ndescription in use. From the high price of acetic acid, vinegar is frequently\nadulterated with sulphuric, muriatic or nitric acids, and, in some cases,\nthere is not a trace of acetic acid to be found, the flavor being given by the\naddition of ether, alum, red pepper, mustard, etc., these adulterations being\nexceedingly injurious to the delicate organism of the stomach.\" ---The\nGrocer's Companion and Merchant's Hand-Book, New England Grocer Office\n[Benjamin Johnson: Boston MA] 1883(p. 162-163)\n\nCulinary applications \"Vinegar is much used in pickling, sauces, catsups, etc.\nand during the salad season the grocer should have an excellent article on\nhand. Mott's cider vinegar is a standard and reliable article produced form\ntheir own orchards at Boukville, N.Y.\" ---Grocers' Hand-Book and Directory for\n1886 [Philadelphia Grocer Publishing Co.:Philadelphia] 1886 (p. 274)\n\nPreserving agents--pickles Salad dressings--Vinaigrette (aka French dressing)\nSubstitute for lemons--Vinegar pie Energy & flavor boost--Switchel (also:\nraspberry vinegar beverage) Confectionery ingredient--Vinegar candy (aka\nVinegar taffy)\n\nMedicinal uses: alcohol cure, burns & scalds, poison antidote \"Vinegar is used\nprincipally as a sauce and to preserve vegetables substances; but it is\nemployed externally when an overdose of strong wine, spirit, opium, or other\nnarcotic poison has been taken.\" ---Six Hundred Receipts, worth their weight\nin gold, John Marquart [John E. Potter and Company:Philadelphia PA] 1867 (p.\n77) [NOTE: This book offers 16 recipes for making vinegar from different\nsubstances.]\n\n\"432. Efficacy of Vinegar in curing Burns and Scalds.--Vinegar is a great\nantiseptic and corrector of putrescence and mortification. The progressive\ntendency ob burns of the unfavorable kind, or those that are ill-treated, is\nto putrescence and mortification. When the outward skin is not broken, it may\nbe freely used every hour or two; where the skin is broken, and if it gives\npain, it must be gently used. But, equal parts of tepid vinegar and water\napplied every three or four hours, is the best rule to be directed by.\"\n---Mrs. Hale's Receipts for the Million, Sarah Josepha Hale [T.B.\nPeterson:Philadelphia PA] 1857 (p. 110)\n\n\"Poisons and Antidotes: Alkalies.--Best remedy is vinegar...Ammonia.--Remedy,\nlemon-juice or vinegar, afterwards milk and water or flaxseed\ntea...Belladonna, or Night Henbane.--Give emetics, and then plenty of vinegar\nand water or lemonade...Mushrooms, when poisonous.--Give emetics, and then\nplenty of vinegar and water, with does of ether, if handy...For the Sting of a\nWasp or Bee.--Spread over the part a plaster of salad oil and common salt; if\noil be not at hand, the salt may be used, moistened with water or vinegar.\"\n---Mrs. Hale's Receipts for the Million, Sarah Josepha Hale [T.B.\nPeterson:Philadelphia PA] 1857 (p. 120-123)\n\nHousehold uses: disinfectant, meat tenderizer, deodorizer, paint remover\n(glass) \"An Agreeable Disinfectant...Vinegar boiled with myrrh, sprinkled on\nthe floor and furniture of a sick room, are excellent deodorizers...To Prevent\nLamp-wicks from Smoking: Soak them in vinegar and dry them thorougly...To Make\nTough Meat Tender: Lay it a few minutes in a strong vinegar water.\" (p.\n463-464) \"To Remove Mortar or Paint from Window Glass: Rub mortar spots with a\nstiff brush dipped in sharp, hot vinegar, and paint spots with camphene and\nsand.\" (p. 499) ---The Model Cook Book, Mrs. Frances Willey [Stanton\nPublishing Co.:Chicago IL] 1890\n\nPersonal uses:: perfume & breath freshener \"617. Lavender Vinegar.--Prepare a\nstone jar or bottle, and to each pint of vinegar put into it, add half an\nounce of fresh lavender flowers; cover closely, and set it aside for a day or\ntwo; then set the jar upon hot cinders for eight or ten hours; and when cold,\nstrain an bottle it. It is a refreshing perfume.\" ---Mrs. Hale's Receipts for\nthe Million, Sarah Josepha Hale [T.B. Peterson:Philadelphia PA] 1857 (p. 148)\n\n\"607. Bad Breath from Onions.--A few leaves of parsley eaten with vinegar,\nwill prevent any disagreeable consequences from eating onions.\" ---Mrs. Hale's\nReceipts for the Million, Sarah Josepha Hale [T.B. Peterson:Philadelphia PA]\n1857 (p. 146)\n\nWhat is \"Mother of Vinegar?\" \"Vinegar: may be briefly described as a low\npercentage diluted natural acid--generally acetic acid. It is obtained by the\nconversion of the alcohol contained in a liquid--wine, cider, beer, etc.--into\nacid as the result of the activity of a class of acid-producing bacteria. The\ncloudy, stringy-looking matter in the bottom of acetifying casks is formed by\nthe multipication of these bacteria and is hence known as the \"Mother of\nVinegar.\" ---The Grocer's Encyclopedia,, Artemas Ward [National Grocer:New\nYork] 1911(p. 667)\n\nRecommended reading: Pickled, Potted, and Canned: How the Art and Science of\nFood Preserving Changed the World, Sue Shepard [Simon & Schuster:New York]\n2000 (p. 96) [NOTE: This book has an entire chapter on vinegar, including the\nuse of vinegar in Asian cuisines.]\n\nRelated foods: Vinegar pie & Switchel\n\nWater cress Sometimes linguistic evidence helps us trace origins. Sometimes\nlinguistics pose compliated challenges. Such may be the case with watercress.\nWhile food historians generally agree water-cress, as we know it today,\noriginated in the Mediterranean region, it is possible a related plant was\nconsumed earlier under a different name.\n\nOrigins: ancient Greece & Rome \"Watercress...a useful perennial plant with a\nlong season, which in some regions extends right through the year...Watercress\nshares membership with mustard, and both plants owe their pungency to\nsubstances of the same kind. Watercress grows wild in Europe and Asia, and\nalso in America since its introduction by European immigrants. Wild\nwatercresses have been continuously popular since ancient times, not only for\ntheir pleasantly biting taste, but also for a wide variety of supposed health-\ngiving properties. Thus the Greek general Xenophon made his soldiers eat it as\na tonic.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University\nPress:Oxford] 1999 (p. 837)\n\n\"Native to Asia Minor and the Mediterranean region, watercress (Nasturtium\nofficinale) grows wild wherever shallow moving water is found...Ancient cress\nseeds found in Egypt probably arrived from Greece and Syria, where cress is\nfound among a list of Assyrian plants. Dioscorides maintained that watercress\ncame form Babylon...Stronger-flavored kinds of watercress were preferred in\nmedieval Italy, where they allegedly provided a variety of medicinal\nbenefits.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild\nConee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 295)\n\n\"Watercress has been known since the time of Artaxerxes, who apparently had a\npassion for it. So did the ancient Greeks and Romans. Its botanical name of\nNasturtium officinale reminds us that this cruciferous plant has the kind of\nflavour that wrinkles the nose. With its mustardy bite, it is an aromatic\nplant...It used to be eaten to give strength, courage and character, as\nrecommended by Artisphophanes...Its richness in iodine, sulpher, iron and\nvitamin C may explain its reputation.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne\nToussaint-Samat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble:New York] 1992 (p.\n700)\n\nWater cress & garden cress \"It is recorded that the Romans ate water-cress\nwith vinegar to ad the cure of mental complaints, and it was certainly eaten,\nif not cultivated, before their time. Garden cress has a long history of\ncultivation, which is hardly surprising as it is so easy to grow. Its origins\nare thought to be in Persia; it is listed among Assyrian plants and\nDioscorides states that it came from Babylon. It spread through Syria to\nGreece and to Egypt, where ancient cress seeds have been found. Cultivated in\nGreek gardens at the time of Theophrastus, it is also briefly mentioned by\nPliny.\" ---Food in Antiquity: A Survey of the Diet of Early Peoples, Don\nBrothwell and Patricia Brothwell, expanded edition [Johns Hopkins University\nPress:Baltimore MD] 1998 (p. 123) ?\n\nChina \"In China, where [water cress] has a name meaning 'western water\nvegetable', watercress is commonly used in soup but is not eaten raw.\"\n---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford]\n1999 (p. 837)\n\n\"Watercress...Plants related to watercress...most of them weeds, occur widely\naround the world in streams, swamps and other low-lying areas...Some scholars\nidentify the ting-li, a minor cultivated vegetable mentioned in the Ch'i-min\nyai-shu, as one of these, Nasturtium indicum...An early medicinal and salad\nplant of the Mediterranean region, watercress...was introduced to Hong Kong\nabout 1890, whence it spread to the mainland. A temperate land aquatic drop,\nit is now an important winter crop in South China, reproduced not by seed but\nby cuttings. Rather than being used in salads as in the West, it is cooked as\na green, usually in soup or with meat dishes.\" ---Food in China: A Cultural\nand Historical Inquiry, Frederick J. Simoons [CRC Press:Boca Raton FL] 1989\n(p. 145)\n\n\"Watercress...may also be an introduction from the West, judging by its\nChinese name, hsi yang ts'ai (western ocean vegetable). It is used very\ncommonly in soup but is not eaten raw. It is a great tonic, believed to be one\nof the best remedies for overheating (in terms of humoral medicine). The soups\nare often combined with such strength-producing items as certain fish and\ninternal organs like duck gizzards. Liking the shallow water, watercress\ncompetes directly with rice in many areas but is a higher-priced crop.\"\n---Food of China, E. N. Anderson [Yale University Press:New Haven CT] 1988 (p.\n156-157)\n\nIndia \"Watercress. This is Nasturtium officinale, in Sanskrit mandupaparni, in\nHindi chanchu or chandrasur, which is first mentioned in Sutra literature\n(800-300BC), and appears in medical literature as a material which intensifies\nor accelerates the body metabolism.\" ---A Historical Dictionary of Indian\nFood, K.T. Achaya [Oxford University Press:Delhi] 1988 (p. 267)\n\nWestern cultivation \"...cultivation of the plant is commonly said to have\nbegun at Erfurt in Germany, in the mid-16th century. It was not practiced in\nEngland and the USA until the beginning of the 19th century...Watercress is\nusually eaten raw as a salad vegetable. The Romans ate it thus, dressed with\npepper, cumin, mastic leaves, and garum. It can also be cooked, though this\ndestroys the pleasant sharpness, and it makes a good soup.\" ---Oxford\nCompanion to Food, Alan Davidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p.\n837) ?\n\nUnited Kingdom \"There are three mentions of holan cersan (hollow cress) which\ncannot be identified with any certainty; all one can say is that there were\napparently a few varieties of cress-like plants that were eaten.\" ---A Second\nHandbook of Anglo-Saxon Food and Drink: Production and Distribution, Ann Hagen\n[Anglo-Saxon Books:Norfolk UK] 1995 (p. 40)\n\n\"Gerard (1633) recommended watercress as a remedy...Francis Bacon advised that\nis would restore youth to ageing women...In fact watercress does contain\nuseful amounts of vitamins A and C, together with iron and other minerals, but\nno one has identified any mysterious curative substances in it. Irish believe\nif the virtues of watercress is especially strong...as a pure food for\nsages'...Growing wild in the pure and unpolluted waters of West Ireland, the\nwatercress is of exceptional quality.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan\nDavidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 837)\n\n\"Cultivation of watercress for sale in markets dates to about 1800 in England,\nalthough wild watercress was doubtless gathered by humans for many millennia.\"\n---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Ornelas\n[Cambridge University Press:Cambridge] 2000, Volume One (p. 295)\n\nFrance \"Very popular in the Middle Ages, when it was called kress and France\nand cress in English, watercress was also used to make remedies for external\nuse...The Menagier de Paris and the Viandier, to mention only those two\nmedieval culinary treatises, give recipes for cooking watercress; it was\nusually eaten cooked at the time.\" ---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-\nSamat, translated by Anthea Bell [Barnes & Noble:New York] 1992 (p. 700)\n\n\"Water cress (cresson)--in Lent, cooked with almond milk.\" \"Poree de cresson\n(Viandier, 153)...Stewed Cress. The Viander suggest that cress is a good\nremedy for gallstones...The Regime tresultile recommends that anyone eating\ngross meats such as beef, pork or stagmeat should eat only one meal a day and\nshould often eat 'things that are laxative and appetitive such as parsley,\ncress, and wild celery,' Although the Viandier's recipe calls specifically for\ngarden cress, it works equally well with the watercress variety. Medieval\ncooks parboiled greens (a treatment advisable in principle because products of\nthe earth tended naturally to partake of the earth's cold and dry\ntemperament), chopped them, sauteed them in butter or animal fat, then boiled\nthem again in meat broth, adding cheese.\" ---Early French Cookery: Sources,\nHistory, Original Recipes and Modern Adaptations, D. Eleanor Scully & Terence\nScully [University of Michigan Press:Ann Arbor] 1995 (p. 257, 259) [NOTE: This\nbook includes original medieval French recipe and modern redaction. Both use\ncress, not specifically water cress.]\n\nWheat Domesticated wheat descended from earlier wild grains. Most notably?\nEmmer and Einkorn. This Old World grain was introduced to the New World as\npart of the Columbian Exchange.\n\n\"The wheat now growing in vast fields stretching across the Great Plains of\nNorth America had its beginnings in the eastern Mediterranean region, where\nthe wild grass Triticum aestivum originated to become one of the first of the\ndomesticaed grains and ultimately one of the world's two most important\nsuperfoods. Wheat was probably first domesticated in the Middle East many\nthousands of years ago. The ancient Egyptians made bread from it, but only\nlater did the Greeks adopt wheat in preference to emmer. Later still, one of\nthe reasons for the expansion of Rome was the need for wheat, and thej Romans\nturned Egypt into a wheat-growing breadbasket for their empire. Wheat reached\nnorthern China later than it reached the West, and in eastern Asia it jouned\nmillet as a major crop.\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple\n& Kriemhild Conee Ornelas [Cambridge University Press:Cambrdige] 2001, Volume\nTwo (p. 1878) [NOTE: Emmer, Einkorn and Spelt have sepearate entries.]\n\n\"Wheat...appeared as a crop among the world's first farmers 10,000 years ago.\nIt increased in importance from its initial role as a major food for\nMediterranean poples in the Old World to become the world's largest cereal\ncrop...The real story of iots origins disappeared from memory many millennia\nin the past, although some farming peoples still recount tales of how they\nreceived other cultivated plants from gods, animate spirits, heroic ancestors,\nor the earth itself...Domesticated wheats belong to at least three different\nspecies...and hundreds of distinct varieties...All domesticated wheat has lost\nthe physical and genetic characteristics that would allow itself aggressively\nto reseed and sprout by itself...Although humans domesticated wheat, one may\nargue that dependence on wheat also domesticated humans. The switch from\ngathering food to producing food, dubbed the \"Neolithic\nRevolution\"...ultimately and fundamentally altered human development. Both\nwheat and barley, destined to feed the great civilizations of Mesopotamia,\nEgypt, Greece and Rome, originated in the Near East, the earliest cradle of\nWestern civilization...\" ---Cambridge World History of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple\n& Kriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge University Press:Cambrdige] 2001, Volume\nOne (p. 159) [NOTE: The chapter devoted to wheat in this book runs from p.\n159-174. Your librarian will be happy to help you obtain these pages.]\n\n\"Wheat, in this article, means club wheat, durum waet and bread wheat (see\nseparate entries from Einkorn; Emmer; Spelt). These are 'naked' or free-\nthreshing wheats, not requiring to be parched before threshing and therefore\ndemanding less time and trouble in preparation than emmer. Club wheat\ndeveloped from emmer in cultivation. The earliest evidence for it comes in\nSyria and Turkey, not long after 8000 BC. It spread very rapidly in\ncultivation, as far east as Baluchistan by 6000 BC, and as far west as\nsouthern France by 5500. In western Europe, emmer and einkorn arrived on the\nscene later than club wheat. There is little evidence of club wheat in\nPharaonic Egypt. Turning to Greece, club wheat was being grown in Crete and in\nThessaly soon after 6000 BC. At some time in the later prehistoric period\ndurum wheat begins to be distinguishable as a separate variety or group of\nvarieties. Bread wheat is a new species that arose in cultivation. its\nappearance on the scene is much later than that of club wheat: it seems to\nhave originated in northwestern Iran, not far south from the Caspian, in the\nlate second millennium BC. Wheat was the preferred staple food of the\nclassical world; club wheat and durum wheat for flat cakes, flat breads and\neventually for pasta; bread wheat for raised bread. The two obvious\nalternative cereals, barley and emmer, were suitable for some types of cakes\nand biscutis, and made a better basis for broths and gruels than does wheat,\nbut they were little use for bread.\" ---Food in the Ancient World from A to Z,\nAndrew Dalby [Routledge:London] 2003(p. 348-9)\n\nSymbolism & myths \"Wheat...is the grain that has served as a symbol of ancient\nharvest deities from the Hittite civilization to the civilizations of ancient\nEgypt and classical Greece and Rome...Because wheat was the staff of life,\npeople considered it a divine gift, and they made it the focus of ritual from\nearly times...The people perceived wheat as a benevolent grain from the\nbenevolent god, who according to the Old Testament chose to bestow the gift of\nthe wheat harvest as a reward to the righteous and chose to destroy the wheat\nharvest as a punishment to evildoers. In the New Testament, Jesus used wheat\nin his agricultural parables to illustrate the notion of resurrection...Long\nbefore Jesus...people understood the notion of death and rebirth when they\nwitnessed the cycles of nature...Early people organized their lives around the\nseasonal calendar. They celebrated the gift of grain by conducting elaborate\nagricultural rituals during critical times in the seasonal cycle. In Greek\nmyth, the goddess Demeter gave wheat to the people, and the people who\nworshiped her understood the revelation of the harvest...Many beliefs\nsurrounding wheat applied to grain crops in general...The dieties of people\ncredited with the discovery and cultivation of wheat were culture heroes; they\nhelped human beings advance by teaching them how to live off the land and\ncontrol the production of food. The Ancient Egyptians credited by Isis and\nOrisis with teaching them the cultivation of both wheat and barley...\"\n---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra\nAndrews [ABC-Clio:Santa Barbara CA] 2000 (p.244-5)\n\nAmerican wheat Is it true that wheat was introduced to North America by the\nEnglish when they started colonizing in the 17th Century? Yes, but this grain\ndidn't flourish in these colonies until much later. The Spanish are actually\ncredited for introducing this crop to the New World in the 16th century.\n\n\"In the sixteenth century, colonists from the Old World brought wheat to the\nNew World: The Spanish intorduced it to Argentina, Chile, and California where\nthe cereal flourished in climates and soils that closely resembled the lands\nwhere it had already been grown for thousands of years.\" ---Cambridge World\nHistory of Food, Kenneth F. Kiple & Kriemhild Conee Orneals [Cambridge\nUniversity Press:Cambrdige] 2001, Volume One (p. 170)\n\n\"There is no evidence that wheat existed in the New World before Columbus\nbrought it to Isabela on Hispanolia in 1493, and it was introduced to Mexico\nby Hernando Cortes as of 1519. The Spanish missionaries brougth the grain to\nArizona and California in the eighteenth century. In the East wheat was sown\nunsuccessfully by the Pilgrims, who made do with corn, and in Virginia tobacco\nwas a more profitable crop, so wheat was relegated to a minor role in that\ncolony. It was not until it was planted in the Mississippi Valley in 1718 by\nthe Company of the West that wheat became an important Amercan crop,\nincreasingly so during the Civil War, when the mechanized Northern harvesters\nbrought in far more wheat for their troops than the Southerners could with\nmanual labor.\" ---Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, John F. Mariani\n[Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p. 345)\n\n\"Under ordinary circumstances, the colonists might have been expected to\nabandon corn as soon as grains they knew better became available, as they did\nsoon, for rye, barley, oats and wheat were all planted in America in the\nseventeenth century. Adaptable as those grains are, they were slow to accustom\nthemselves to a new climate and for a long time failed to give yields\nsufficently important to drive out corn--particularly the grain colonists\nwould have proferred above all others, wheat. In New England wheat was\nattacked by a smut disease called \"the blast'; in Virginia it did not do well\neither, for it was planted chiefly on land already exhausted by having grown\none fo the most soil-depleting of all plants, tobacco. As late as the end of\nthe eighteenth century wheat was still so rare and so dear that it might as\nwell not have been there at all, so far as the great mass of working people\nwere concerned, though their chief food was bread. A laborer's average wage at\nthis period was two shillings a day, which meat that it would take him four\ndays at least to earn enough money to buy a bushel of wheat, whos lowest\nquality was priced at eight shillings and up.\" ---Eating in America: A\nHistory, Waverly Root & Richard de Rochement [William Morrow:New York] 1976\n(p. 61)\n\nYogurt Food historians generally agree the genesis of yogurt and other\nfermented milk products was discovered accidentally by Neolithic peoples\nliving in Central Asia. These foods occured naturally due to local climate and\nprimative storage methods. About milk, sour milk & sour cream. Yogurt has long\nbeen associated with good health and long life. Yogurt became popular in\nAmerica after WWII.\n\n\"Soured milk or curds have surely been consumed by many peoples from the\nearliest Neolithic times, but little remains as direct proof of this. They\nwere fairly certainly used in Mesopotamia and Palestine, and possibly Egypt,\nand Pliny later mentions their production by barbarian'tribes.\" ---Food in\nAntiquity: A Survey of the Diet of Early Peoples, Don Brothwell and Patricia\nBrothwell [Johns Hopkins University Press:Baltimore] 1997, expanded edition\n(p. 51)\n\n\"Milk being highly perishable, of course, a few hours would be enought to\nstart it fermenting in the climate of the Near East. Depending on the\ntemperature and the kind of bacteria in the air, the curds might develop into\nsomething pleasant and refershing, or something quite uneatable even by the\nNeolithic peoples, whose tastes were necessairly less rigid than those of\ntheir modern counterparts. The curds might also be either fine or coarse. The\nfiner type was to develop ultimately into the sharp, creamy substance\nrepresented today by the yoghurt of the Balkans, the taetta of Scandinavia,\nthe dahi of India. The coarser kind, strained off, would make the first soft,\nfresh cheese...Whatever the background to the early discoveries, however,\ncurds, cheese, yoghurt and butter all developed into useful ways of preserving\nmilk that was surplus to the people's immediate requirements...\" ---Food in\nHistory, Reay Tannahill [Three Rivers Press:New York] 1988 (p. 27-9)\n\n\"Yoghurt is one of the fermented milk foods whose origins are probably\nmultiple. It is easy enough to imagine how, in parts of C. or W. Asia,\nunintended fermentation of milk could have produced something like yoghurt,\nand that people would have noticed that this would keep for much longer than\nfresh milk, besides tasting good. There is another advantage which applies\nparticularly to many Asians...Yoghurt is the Turkish name for the product,\nlong since adapted into the English language, no doubt because yoghurt reached\nW. Europe through Turkey and the Balkans.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan\nDavidson [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 1999 (p. 859)\n\n\"There can be few foodstuffs in recent times that have gone through such an\northographic identity crisis as yoghurt. In the days when it was known only as\nan exotic substance consumed in Turkey and other parts of the Near East (first\nreported in English in 1625 by Samuel Puchas in his Pilgrimes...) the original\nTurkish name of this fermented milk, yoghurt, inspired a whole lexicon of\nspellings...The notion of fermenting milk with bacteria to form a semiliquid\nfood is nothing new, of course. Neolithic peoples of the Near East almost\ncertainly ate a form of yoghurt around 6000 BC, and certainly it was popular\nin ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome. It seems to have been take from Persia ot\nIndia, and today it is an important ingredient in Indian cookery.\" ---An A to\nZ of Food and Drink, John Ayto [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2002 (p. 373)\n\n\"Yogurt, like cheese, was discovered long ago, when wandering herdsmen\ncarrying mik in sheepskin bags noticed that the milk had curdled. People\nlikely discovered both cheese and yogurt in the beginning of the Neolithic\nera, when they first began to practice milking. Nomadic herdsmen milked their\nanimlas, then carried the milk in pouches made out of sheep's stomachs, the\nlining of which contains an enzyme called rennin, which curdles milk. The\nMiddle Eastern climate was ideal fo curdling milk: left in the heat, milk\ncurdled in just a few hours. Depending on the degree of heat and the type of\nbacteria in the environment, the curds would be find and develop into yogurt,\nor coarse and develop into cheese. Yogurt was most likely discovered by\naccident. As a product of milk, it was assigned similar properties. Milk and\nmilk products have always been considered nothing short of magical. In fact,\nit has been suggested that the milk in the biblical phrase milk and honey'\nreferred to yogurt. As soon as the wandering herdsmen discovered the curdled\nmilk, they tasted it and found it to their liking. It was not long before they\nperceived health benefits that they attributed to the curdled milk...Peasants\nin the Balkans live a long time, particuarly in Bulgaria, and furthermore,\nmany of them retain their ability to conceived late in life. Both of these\nabilities have been attributed to the fact that these people eat large\nquantities of yogurt, and that yogurt apparently has healing properties.\"\n---Nectar and Ambrosia: An Encyclopedia of Food in World Mythology, Tamra\nAndrews [ABC-CLIO:Santa Barbara] 2000 (p. 250)\n\n\"Yogurt may have been known by the ancient Greeks as pyriate. Andrew\nDalby...argues that the Greek physician Galen (c. 130-c. 200) was correct to\nidentify this older term, pyriate, with the oxygala familiar in his own day,\nwhich was a form of yogurt and was eaten on its own or with honey. The first\nunequivocable description of yogurt is found in a dictionary called Divanu\nluga-i turk, compiled by Kasgarli Mahmut in 1072-1073 during the Seljuk era in\nthe Middle East (1038-1194). Yogurt spread rapidly throughout the Levant, but\nit hardly penetrated the Western and northern Mediterranean.\" ---A\nMediterranean Feast, Clifford A. Wright [William Morrow:New York] 1999 (p.\n184-5)\n\n\"Yoghurt... was known in France as early 1542, when Francois I was suffering\nfrom what would now be diagnosed as severe depression. The doctors could do\nnothing for his listessness and neurasthenia until the Ambassador to the\nSublime Porte disclosed that there was a Jewish doctor in Constantinople who\nmade a brew of fermented sheep's milk of which people spoke in glowing terms,\neven at the Sultan's court. The King sent for the doctor, who refused to\ntravel except on foot; he walted through the whole of southern Europe,\nfollowed by his flock. When he finally arrived before Francois I, the latter's\napathy had given way to a certain impatience but he still did not feel well.\nAfter several weeks of sheep's milk youghurt, the King was cured. The sheep,\nhowever, had not recovered from their long walk and caught cold in the air of\nParis. Every last one of them died, and the doctor left again, refusing to\nstay despite the King's offers. He went home, taking the secret of his brew\nwith him. The health of Francois I continued to improve, which was the point\nof the exercise, and yoghurt was forgotten for nearly four centuries...The\nkoumis of Central Europe is made from fermented mare's milk, but its origin\nlies in farthest Asia. The barbarian' Huns and Mongols brought it with them.\nIn the past Western Europe made milk-based drinks which were not yoghurt, but\nwere more like kefir or diluted and flavoured curds. Such drinks bear withness\nto the memory of ancient migrations: they are the beverages of people who did\nnot grow vines and whos only wealth was the flocks they drove ahead of them.\"\n---History of Food, Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat , translated by Anthea Bell\n[Barnes & Noble Books:New York] 1992 (p. 119-20)\n\n\"[Yogurt] first gained international prominence in the early 1900s when Ilya\nMetchnikov, a Russian bacteriologist, observed that the life span of\nBulgarians, whose diet included the consumption of large quantities of soured\nmilk, was eighty-seven years and beyond.\" ---Craig Claiborne's The New York\nTimes Food Encyclopedia, Joan Whitman compiler [Times Books:New York] 1985 (p.\n489)\n\nAbout Ilya Mechnikov\n\nAmerican yogurt \"Turkish immigrants are said to have brought yogurt to the\nUnited states in 1784, but its popularity dates only from the 1940s, when\nDaniel Carasso emigrated to the United States and took over a small yogurt\nfactory in the Bronx, New York. He was soon joined by Juan Metzger, and the\ntwo sold their yogurt under the name Dannon (originally Danone, after Daniel\nCarcasso whose father was a Barcelona yogurt maker). In 1947 the company added\nstrawberry fruit preserves to make the first \"sundae-style yogurt.\" When\nnutrition promoter Benjamin Gayelord Hauser published an excerpt from his book\nLive Younger, Live Longer (1950), in the October 1950 issue of Reader's Digest\nmagazine extolling the health virtues of yogurt, the product's sales soared.\nThey leaped again--500 percent from 1958-1968--when so-called health foods\nwere popularized by the counterculture of the 1960s.\" ---Encyclopedia of\nAmerican Food and Drink, John F. Mariani [Lebhar-Friedman:New York] 1999 (p.\n355)\n\nGayelord Hauser's notes here:\n\n[1943] \"Bulgarian Yogurt. Yogurt is a type of sour milk somewhat like\nadicolpilus milk which is soured with a viril strain of Bulgarian bacteria.\nThe advcantages of using yogurt rather than sweet milk, ordinary sour milk, or\nbuttermilk are numerous. The bacteria in buttermlk and ordinary sour miks\ncannot live at body temperature; nor can they survive the hydrochoric acid of\nthe stomach. Hence they cannot live and multiply in the digestive tract. The\nprincipal reason for drinking yogurt is that its bacteria can live and\nmultiply in the intestinal tract. The work of several scientists, especially\nDr. Gustav Martin of the Warner Institute of Therapeutic Research, shows that\nthe bacteria in yogurt actually manufacture or synthesize vitamins of the B\nfamnily. For example, the bacteria for yogurt makes some of the anti-gray-hair\nvitamins. They also produce the vitamin which stimulates the growth of hair\nsupply biotin which is of tremendous importance to mental health. Yogurt has\nlong been the staple food of the Bulgarians. These people are noted for their\nvigor and longevity. Any kind of milk can be used for making yogurt--whole\nmilk, skimmed milk, dry milk, or canned milk mixed with water. You can obtain\nyogurt from the leading dairies everywhere. Let your milk man bring you a 1/2\npint bottle of yogurt three times a week. With it you can make at least 6\nquarts of delicious yogurt; simply add 1/2 bottle of yogurt to a quart of\nmilk. The yogurt bacteria must be kept warm so that they can multiply and sour\nthe entire quart. In cold weather the milks hould be kept near a pilot light\nor the hot-water heater. In warm weather the milk sours at room temperature.\nRemember the bacteria live on the sugar of the milk and break it down into\nlactic acid. This causes the milk to curdle and to become like junket; as soon\nas this happens, place the bottle in the refrigerator. The coldness stops the\nfurther growth of the bacteria and prevents the milk from becoming too sour.\nIf the milk is kept too warm, the curds separate and the beverage vecomes less\nappetizing. In addition to being a healthful drink, yogurt is also delicious\nwhen eaten like junket, plain or with fruit, or sweetened with honey or black\nmolasses or, if you like, a bit of cinnamon. Yogurt makes excellent salad\ndressings, and is especially good on restricted diets, such as the Seven Day\nElimination Diet. Simply add to thick yogurt a bit of lemon juice, some onion,\nparsley, or any other flavor you like. For the sake of variety you could go\ncompletely Bulgarian and add a bit of dill or garlic.\" ---Diet Does It,\nGayelord Hauser [Coward-McCann:New York] 1943 (p. 232-233)\n\n[1946] \"Yogurt. One pleasant way to obtain many of the B vitamins is to drink\nmilk fermented with Bulgarian milk cultures, as acidophilus milk and yogurt.\nThere milk contain bacteria which live in the intestinal tract and make, or\nsynthesize, B vitamins for themselves--those vitamins which are so necessary\nfor health and good looks. Yogurt is fast becoming a fashionable food since\nthe publication of Diet Does It. In large cities now you can buy it from\ndairies in fifteen-cent bottles. If you are in the money, you can simply buy\nit regularly and eat to your heart's content. If you're not in the money, you\ncan still eat to your heart's content because one fifteen-cent bottle will\nmake quarts and quarts of yogurt for you and your relatives and your inlaws--\nif you like them enough. This is how you do it: Simply heat a quart of milk to\nlukewarm, not boiling. Then take 2 tablespoons of yogurt from your little\nbottle and mix it into the warm milk, using a wooden spoon. Put the milk back\ninto the quart bottle and set the bottle in a warm place--over a pilot light,\nnear a radiator, over hot water, wherever is most convenient. It is much like\nsetting bread dough to raise--you want a place which will keep the yogurt warm\nbut not cook it. Let it stand there for 6 to 8 hours, until the milk curdles\nand solidifies like junket. As soon as it is firm, put it on ice, otherwise it\nwill get too thick. When this quart is gone, make another quart, using another\n2 tablespoons from your little bottle, and so on until the little bottle is\nused up. Then you buy another fifteen-cent bottle and start again. If the\ndairies in your town have not yet begun to make yogurt, you can still have it.\nGo to a health food store and ghuy a bottle of yogurt culture, then follow the\ndirections on the package. Any kind of milk can be used to make yogurt--whole\nmilk, skim milk, powdered milk, or evaporated milk mixed with water. If you\nare on a reducing diet, enjoy your yogurt without a twinge of conscience by\nusing milk with the fat removed.\" ---The Gaylord Hauser Cook Book: Good Food,\nGood Health, Good Looks, Gayelord Hauser [Coward-McCann:New York] 1946 (p.\n235-236) [NOTE: this book also offers recipes for Yogurt Reducing Dressing and\nYogurt Sauce.]\n\n[1950] \"The Ideal Diet. Every mouthfull you eat does you either good or harm.\nThe secret of agelessness lies in eating intelligently, in liking to eat only\nthose foods which are good for you. The ideal diet for long life is plenty of\nprotein (milk--especially yogurt*--eggs, lean meat, lean fish, fresh\ncheese)...*Yogurt: A semisolid cheeselike, or sometimes thickly fluid,\npreparation from milk partly evaporated and then fermented by Lactobacillus\nbulgaricus.)...Excellent yogurt can be purchased in many food stores. It can\nbe eaten plain; seasoned with fresh or canned fruits; or made into a sundae\nwith maple syrup, honey or blackstrap molasses. It is a ',ist' on the Live\nLonger diet. Among the Bulgarians where yogurt is a part of each meal but\nwhere diet is not outstanding in other respects, the life span is longer than\nthat of any other peoples in the world; Bulgarians are credited with retaining\nthe characteristics of youth to an extremely advanced age.\" ---\"Look Younger,\nLive Longer,\" Gayelord Hauser, condensed version, Readers Digest, October 1950\n(p. 158-159)\n\n[1951] \"Yogurt is a 'must' among the wonder foods because it is an excellent\nsource of easily assimilated, high quality protein and contributes significant\nquantities of calcium and riboflavin to the diet. Yogurt fills a need that has\nlong existed--that of a luncheon dish or a between-meal or bed-time snack. So\nmany people eat what I call 'foodless foods' at such times--devil's cakes,\npastries, cinnamon toast made with white bread lavishly sprinkled with white\nsugar. A taste for yogurt is acquried quickly; you will become fonder and\nfonder of it as time goes on. It is a god hunger satisfier and, most important\nof all, contributes much-needed vital food factors with every\nmouthful...Yogurt and the acidophilus or bulbgarius cultured milks have\nundergone many ups and downs in popularity. They have been advocated for\neverything from 'that tired feeling' to typhoid fever. My interest in yogurt\nis wholly concerned with nutrition, and form a nutritional point of view it\nhas much to contribute. Bulgarians are credited with retaining vigor,\nvitality, and the characteristics of youth to an extremely advanced age; their\nlongevity is traditional. Yogurt and certain cultured milks constitute a major\nitem of diet for the Bulgarian peasant. To state that all of these virtues\nstem solely from the consumption of yogurt is to treat the subject most\nsuperficially; climate, heredity, and other factors must be considered. But\nclearly the Bulgarians have established the nutritional excellency of yogurt.\nThat, and that alone, first attracted me to yogurt and caused me to\ninvestigate and study it. Its superior nutritive qualities caused me to\nrecommend it to my students, and my faith in it has been justified in every\nrespect...My favorite yogurt is made by beating into a pint of water the\nfollowing ingredients: 1 1/2 cups of powdered skim milk; 3 tablespoons of\npreviously made (or commercial) yogurt; and 1 large can of evaporated milk.\nWhen this mixture is beaten smooth, this should be added to 1 quart of water\nand poured into glasses which are set in a large pan containing enough warm\nwater to ready the top of the glasses. The pan should then be set over a\nwarming unit, pilot light, or simmer burner and the temperature of the water\nkept between 105 and 135 degrees Fahrenheit...The yogurt should thicken and be\nready to chill on 3 hours. If it requires longer time, the temperature\nprobably has run too low. Yogurt can be eaten plain; seasoned with chives or\nother herbs; served with fresh or canned fruits; or made into a sundae with\nmaple syrup, honey, or blackstrap molasses.\" ---Look Younger, Live Longer,\nGayelord Hauser [Crest Books:New York] 1951 (p. 27-28)\n\nRelated food? Sour cream.\n\nZucchini Zucchini (aka vegetable marrow, Italian squash) is a fine example of\nNew World foods circuitously introduced to the USA via Europe. In this case?\nItaly. The word \"zucchini\" is the Italian diminutive for the word \"gourd,\"\n[zucca].\n\n\"Zucchini, the Italian and American name for what the French and many English\nspeaking people call courgettes, any of several varieties of squash...which\nhave been developed for this purpose and are still relatively small...when\nmature, or small young specimens of other varieties of the same species which\nbelong to the vegetable marrow group and would grow much larger if left alone.\nThis is one of the most attractive and delicious of the cucurbit vegetable\nfruits, but only became prominent in the 20th century. In the 1920s, when the\nlearned Dr. Leclerc was writing, the French still referred to courgettes\nd'Italie, and it seems clear that it was the Italians who first marketed the\nvegetable marrows in a small size; and that it is therefore appropriate tho\nchoose their name zucchini rather than the French name...The 19th-century\nFrench author Vilmorin-Andrieux...gave a illustration of the elongated variety\nof marrow grown in Italy...The English translator added, more than half a\ncentury before the hour of the zucchini struck: 'This should be tried in\nEngland.' Vilmorin, incidentally, had given the Italian name as cocozello di\nNapoli. That there is no true English name reflects the fact, that, although\ncourgettes were mentioned...in a few English recipe books of the 1930s, they\nonly became popular in England after Elizabeth David in the 1950s and 1960s\nhad introduced them...to readers of her books; and that as zucchini they had a\nsimilarly late arrival in the USA, where Italian immigrants made the\nintroduction.\" ---Oxford Companion to Food, Alan Davidson, second edition\nedited by Tom Jaine [Oxford University Press:Oxford] 2006 (p. 866-7)\n\n[1892] Pellegrino Artusi's Italian culinary classic Science in the Kitchen and\nthe Art of Eating Well [1892] contains recipes for Zucchini Pie, Zucchini with\nMeat Filling and Zucchini with Oregano. The book has been recently republished\nin English by Marsilio in New York.\n\n[1901] \"'Zucchini' from Northern Italy. One of the most important vegetables\nof the Venetians, and worthy of serious consideration by our truck growers.\"\n---\"Plants of All Climes,\" Guy N. Mitchell, Los Angeles Times, Feburary 22,\n1901 (p. 8)\n\n[1911] \"Vegetable Marrow: a kind of squash, eaten as a vegetable, which is\nvery popular in England, but is not often seen here. The true English type is,\nwhen full grown, generally about nine inches long and four inches in diameter,\nwith green to yellow rind and light-colored flesh. The Italian variety reaches\na length of about twenty inches, with mottled, dark-green rind and orange\nflesh.\" ---The Grocer's Encyclopedia, Artemas Ward [National\nGrocer:Philadelphia PA] 1911 (p. 666) [NOTES: (1) This book offers a line\ndrawing illustrating the vegetable & its leaves. (2) Sturtevant's Notes on\nEdible Plants [1919] states \"vegetable marrow\" is an alternative name for\navocado. He does not list zucchini or Italian squash.]\n\n[1921] \"Italian restaurants usually to be found in high-class places, with all\nthe surroundings that make for \"class.\" Ornate, usually with waxed floors for\ndancing, good orchestras, and skilled European waiters, they cater to the\ndiscriminating and serve cosmopolitan fare of the best sort. But one may get\nItalian specialties, and wise is he who waives his customary steak and\npotatoes, and instead scans the menu for real fare of sunny Italy. Zucchini,\nfor instance, that Italian squash which Signore Marcel--and others--import\nespecially. It may be served in different styles, but the favorites is when,\ncut into small, succulent squares, it is breaded and fried in olive oil.\"\n---\"Dining 'Round the World in Los Angeles,\" Wynonah B. Johnson, Los Angeles\nTimes, January 1, 1921 (p. V19)\n\n[1922] \"How to Cook Zucchini. Wash and boil in salted water six Italian squash\nfor fifteen minutes. Drain and cut in half, lengthwise, scoop out the seeds\nand fill their places with a mixture made by mixing one cup of bread crumbs\nthat have been soaked in milk and pressed nearly dry, the mashed yolks of two\nhard-boiled eggs, the yolks of two raw eggs one mashed clove of garlic, six\nfinely chopped blanched almonds, three tablespoons of grated Parmesan cheese\nand a seasoning of salt and nutmeg. Place in well-buttered baking dish, cover\nwith melted butter and brown in the oven. Serve with cream sauce.\" ---\"What\nWomen's Organizations are Doing,\" Chef A.L. Wyman, Los Angeles Times, January\n25, 1922 (p. II8)\n\n[1924] \"Stuffed Marrow Select three vegetable marrows about six inches long,\npeel lightly, cut a piece from one end and remove the seeds. Press closely\ninto the marrows some well seasoned pork sausage, pin the end pieces on with\ntooth picks, place in a saucepan, dot with butter, add one cupful of meat\nstock and one teaspoonful of lemon juice, cover the pan tight and set in a\nmoderate oven for two hours or until the marrows are tender, basting often.\nLift the marrows to a serving dish, remove the fat from the sauce, add to the\nsauce one cupful of tomato sauce, boil up once and strain over the marrows.\"\n---\"Chef Wyman's Suggestions for Tomorrow's Menu,\" Los Angeles Times,\nSeptember 22, 1924 (p. A8)\n\nZucchini bread Zucchini bread descends from a long line of European sweet\nvegetable puddings dating back to the Middle Ages. Carrot pudding is one of\nthe oldest examples. Sweet potato pudding/pie followed in the Renaissance.\nCarrot pudding crossed from vegetable to cake dessert in the 20th century.\nSweet potato pie remains on the dinner table. After WWII, zucchini proved\nprolific in mainstream American home gardens. Which meant? Too much zucchini.\nJust like leftover Thanksgiving turkey, recipes proliferated. Zucchini bread\n(portable, easy, healthy, freezer-friendly) to the rescue!\n\nFood historians generally drop zucchini bread squarely in the American 1960s &\n70s. It was promoted (as was carrot cake and banana bread) as a *healthy*\nalternative to standard desserts. Was it actually healthier? It depended upon\nthe amount/type of flour, sweetener and fat used in recipe. Generally the\nbread employs fresh zucchini, which argues logically for the healthy case.\nLike banana bread, zucchini bread is not frosted.\n\n\"Zucchini bread. A deliciously moist, full-flavored bread that became popular\nin the 60s and remains so today. It's a splendid way to cope with a summer\ngusher of zucchini because the bread freezes so well.\" ---American Century\nCook Book, Jean Anderson [Clarkson Potter:New York] 1997 (p. 329) [NOTE:\nIncludes recipe from the early 1970s.]\n\n\"Zucchini bread. This quick bread was full of zucchini, brown sugar, and\nvegetable oil, all of which were considered good for you in the 1970s.\"\n---Fashionable Food: Seven Decades of Food Fads, Sylvia Lovegren\n[MacMillan:New York] 1995 (p. 310)\n\nOur survey of American newspaper articles published in 1950s-1970s confirms\nthe popularity of zucchini. Recipes for zucchini bread proliferate in the\nmid-1970s. One of the earliest (& perhaps most influential) recipes is this\ngift from James Beard:\n\n> \"Carl Gohs' Zucchini Bread This rather unusual loaf has a very pleasant\n> flavor, a little on on the sweet side, and a distinctive texture. The built-\n> in moisture provided by the zucchini makes it a very good keeper. It can be\n> prepared with 1 cup of whole-wheat flour instead of all white flour. [2\n> loaves]\n>\n> 3 eggs 2 cups granulated sugar 1 cup vegetable oil 2 cups grated, peeled,\n> raw zucchini 3 teaspoons vanilla extract 3 cups all-purpose flour 1 teaspoon\n> salt 1 teaspoon baking soda 1/4 teaspoon double-acting baking powder 3\n> teaspoons ground cinnamon 1 cup coarsely chopped filberts or walnuts Beat\n> the eggs until light and foamy. Add the sugar, oil, zucchini, and vanilla\n> and mix lightly but well. Combine the flour, salt, soda, baking powder, and\n> cinnamon and add to the egg-zucchini mixture. Stir until well blended, add\n> nuts, and pour into two 9 X 5 X 3-inch loaf pans. Bake in a preheated 350\n> degree oven for 1 hour. Cool on a rack.\" ---Beard on Bread, James A. Beard\n> [Alfred A. Knopf:New York] 1973 (p. 169)\n\nWho was Carl Gohs? A Portland Oregon-based food writer/author who knew &\nsupported James Beard's culinary endeavors. Mr. Gohs played a key role\nfacilitating the famous classes Mr. Beard taught at the Seaside High School\nduring the 1970s.\n\nJames Beard at Seaside/Carl Gohs, Northwest Magazine, The Oregonian, September\n30, 1973 (p. 13)\n\n\"Carl Gohs of Portland, who for many years wrote a food column for The\nOregonian's Northwest Magazine, traveled in Southern France with Beard in 1972\nthen Beard was researching and writing his book, 'Beard on Bread.' 'We stayed\nat Julia Child's house outside Cannes,' Gohs said. 'There he went over\nmanuscripts for the book. I scouted out French breads for his approval. 'He\nwas incredibly generous in helping people along the way who were starting out\nin the food business, writing a cookbook, writing a newspaper column or\nwhatever,' Gohs said. 'He would always lend not just his name but assistance\nand time as well.'...Beard, who since 1971 has taught summer course at Seaside\nHigh School, once recalled that Oregon and its foods had made a profound\nimpression on his career..\" ---\"Friends, associates fondly recall Beard,\"\nSteve Erickson, The Oregonian, January 24, 1985\n\n\"[James Beard's] memory held stockpiles of bread recipes that began with a\nraisin loaf his mother had baked for benefit teas that she had given for the\nBritish Red Cross during World War I in San Francisco's Palace Hotel...He\nremembered breads baked by his friends--Emil Kashouty's pita, Janet\nWurtzburger's health bread made with home-ground flour, and one of wheat germ\nand potatoes created by Carl Gohs, a Portland Writer.\" ---Epicurean Delight:\nThe Life and Times of James Beard, Evan Jones [Alfred A. Knopf:New York] 1990\n(p. 288-289)\n\n\"The Seaside High School home economics teacher, Maryon Greenough, had,\ntogether with Portland food writer Carl Gohs, done the groundwork, and the\nclasses immediately clicked with an ineffable rightness: Beard--his legs\nsomewhat restored by walking and weight loss-omniscently prowled the room, and\neach day the eighteen students turned up earlier and stayed later, never able\nto get quite enough of Beard or of one another. Beard Bead himself ended each\nafternoon in a state of exhaustion and elation: As never before he grew in the\nrole of teacher, as though adding layers of nuance and depth to a part he\nplayed dozens of times before and whos every gesture and inflection he until\nthen though he knew in every possible aspect. But the students came each day\nnot just to practice cooking, but to see what frollery or prank or shtick he\nmight set loose; and the truth was he heardly knew himself what energies and\nenthusiasms the nonsecript classroom down the road from the onetime Gearhart\ndepot might pull out of him.\" ---James Beard: A Biography, Robert Clark\n[Harper Collins:New York] 1993 (p. 268) [NOTE: passage refers to summer\nclasses taught by Beard.]\n\n\"Happily, Ray Atkeson knew that his life work was appreciated. ``Oregon,'' his\nbook of photographs with text by Carl Gohs, pioneered in 1968 the format of\nlarge-scale books celebrating the scenic beauty of a state. It became a\nstandard gift when someone in Oregon wanted to impress a visitor. In all, that\nbook and other collections of Atkeson's color photographs that followed sold\nmore than 500,000 copies.\" ---\"ATKESON HAS BEEN THERE,\" The Oregonian,\n(Portland, OR), May 31, 1990 (p. B6)\n\nMultnomah County Library, Portland Oregon lists four titles credited to Carl\nGohs: Timberline Gohs, Carl. [Portland, Or.] : Metropolitan Printing, [197-?]\n\nOregon Atkeson, Ray. [Portland, Or. : C. H. Belding, 1968]\n\nWashington Atkeson, Ray. [Portland, Or. : C. H. Belding, 1969]\n\nEd Quigley, western artist Quigley, Ed, 1895- [Portland, Or. : G. H. Quigley,\n1971]\n\nRelated foods? Cranberry bread, Carrot cake, Banana bread & Pumpking bread.\n\nFoodTimeline library owns 2300+ books, hundreds of 20th century USA food\ncompany brochures, & dozens of vintage magazines (Good Housekeeping, American\nCookery, Ladies Home Journal &c.;) We also have ready access to historic\nmagazine, newspaper & academic databases. Service is free and welcomes\neveryone. Have questions? Ask!\n\nAbout culinary research & about copyright Research conducted by Lynne Olver,\neditor The Food Timeline. About this site.\n\nhttp://www.foodtimeline.org/foodfaq2.html © Lynne Olver 2000 3 January 2015\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.pasta-recipes-by-italians.com:80/tomato-alfredo-sauce.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170222124149/http://www.pasta-recipes-by-italians.com:80/tomato-alfredo-sauce.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Tomato Alfredo Sauce", "passages": [ "The creamy, delicate taste of a lush traditional Alfredo Sauce and the sweet, plump richness of a Marinara Sauce recipe.", "By using the instructions from the recipes on each of the links above and you've got the beginnings of something incredible and edible. Time to start creating and let the flavors begin!", "Make the marinara sauce recipe and if you are like me I make a ton of it and jar it in air tight jars to keep for my other Italian pasta recipes. You'll need about 2 cups of the marinara sauce.", "Then begin your Alfredo sauce recipe by heating the butter slowly on a medium low heat, so the butter doesn't bubble. Whisk in the cream.", "Now remove the cream mixture from the heat and add the parmigiano. Slowly add the fresh marinara sauce and stir.", "When the sauce is completely blended pour this gorgeous Tomato Alfredo sauce over the pasta and mix together until the pasta is completely coated.", "Craving more pasta? Join my monthly newsletter where you'll get all the latest pasta news, events, recipes and products. It's an all pasta foodie community.", "Copyright (c) Pasta-recipes-by-Italians.com. All rights reserved. Please request written permission for use of any content on this site. Click here to read the Privacy Policy" ] }, "parsed_md": "Tomato Alfredo Sauce\n\n# Tomato Alfredo Sauce\n\nWOW! Tomato Alfredo Sauce is a perfect blend of two Italian pasta recipe\nclassics.\n\nThe creamy, delicate taste of a lush traditional Alfredo Sauce and the sweet,\nplump richness of a Marinara Sauce recipe.\n\nBoth are easy pasta recipes and both, blended together create...\n\nHEAVEN\n\nBy using the instructions from the recipes on each of the links above and\nyou've got the beginnings of something incredible and edible. Time to start\ncreating and let the flavors begin!\n\n## Alfredo Sauce Recipe Ingredients:\n\n * 1 lb of spiral, multi-color pasta\n * 1 stick of butter\n * 1 cup of heavy cream\n * 1 cup of freshly grated parmigiano\n * 1⁄2 cup of olive oil\n * 2 cloves of garlic\n * 1 15oz can of San Marazano canned tomatoes\n * 5 chopped basil leaves\n * Pinch of Salt\n\n## Alfredo Sauce Recipe Preparation:\n\nMake the marinara sauce recipe and if you are like me I make a ton of it and\njar it in air tight jars to keep for my other Italian pasta recipes. You'll\nneed about 2 cups of the marinara sauce.\n\nNow is a good time to begin cooking your pasta because the Alfredo sauce\ndoesn't take long to make.\n\nThen begin your Alfredo sauce recipe by heating the butter slowly on a medium\nlow heat, so the butter doesn't bubble. Whisk in the cream.\n\nWhen the pasta is cooked al dente, drain and set aside.\n\nNow remove the cream mixture from the heat and add the parmigiano. Slowly add\nthe fresh marinara sauce and stir.\n\nWhen the sauce is completely blended pour this gorgeous Tomato Alfredo sauce\nover the pasta and mix together until the pasta is completely coated.\n\nTaste the sweet and creamy blend of flavors.\n\nVivere, Amare, Ridere e Mangiare Bene Live, Love, Laugh and Eat Well! Kira\nVolpi\n\nBack to ALFREDO RECIPES\n\nBack to HOME PAGE\n\nCraving more pasta? Join my monthly newsletter where you'll get all the latest\npasta news, events, recipes and products. It's an all pasta foodie community.\n\n * Home\n\n### MAKING FRESH PASTA\n\n * How to Make Pasta\n\n### AMAZING SAUCES\n\n * Alfredo Recipes\n * Pesto Recipes\n * Tomato Sauces\n * Canned Tomatoes\n\n### ENTREE PASTAS\n\n * Chicken & Pasta\n * Italian Meatballs\n * Meat Pasta\n * Sausage and Pasta\n * Shrimp Pasta\n\n### MORE PASTAS\n\n * Lasagna Recipes\n * Vegetable Pasta Recipes\n * Italian Pasta Salads\n * Italian Soup Recipes\n * Dessert Pasta\n\n### PASTA BASICS\n\n * Pasta Shapes\n * Types of Pasta\n\n### PASTA ETC\n\n * History of Pasta\n * Your Easy Pasta Recipes\n * Italian Cook Books\n * Chef Interviews\n\n### ONE MORE THING\n\n * Pasta Girl Blog\n * Please Share\n * Contact Kira\n\nCopyright (c) Pasta-recipes-by-Italians.com. All rights reserved. Please\nrequest written permission for use of any content on this site. Click here to\nread the Privacy Policy\n\nSBI!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://topsecretrecipes.com/olive-garden-alfredo-pasta-copycat-recipe.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200528180917/https://topsecretrecipes.com/olive-garden-alfredo-pasta-copycat-recipe.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Olive Garden Fettuccine Alfredo Recipe", "passages": [ "Here's an updated Olive Garden fettuccine alfredo recipe from Top Secret Restaurant Recipes that includes more grated Parmesan cheese and fresh garlic instead of garlic powder. You'll find this sauce thickens easier and has an improved Olive Garden taste. Just be sure not to crank the heat up too high when simmering the sauce or it could break, resulted in a not-so-creamy, curdled Alfredo. Also check out our copycat Olive Garden toasted ravioli recipe!", "2. Add the garlic, cream, pepper and salt, and bring mixture to a simmer. Turn the heat down if the mixture reaches a rapid boil or it could boil over. You just want a simmer. Add the cheese, and continue to simmer the sauce for 8 minutes or until thick.", "3. While the sauce cooks, bring 4 to 6 quarts of water to a boil and add the pasta. Cook pasta for about 12 minutes or until done, then drain it.", "This is very good! The only thing I did change was I used half-and-half instead of whipping cream and I added a little bit more Parm and four slices of provolone Yum:)", "Each of the Recipes leaves out a little something, you want the best alfrado ever add a tablespoon of flour to your garlic and butter to make a thin rue, before you add the other ingredients, the consistency of the sauce is 10x better also i squeeze a lemon wedge righi before serving the sauce it takes mellows out the flavor just enough to make it the perfect amount of savory", "* $5.95\n\n* 25% off\nDrag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first", "* $1.99\n\n* 33% off\nDrag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first", "* $5.95\n\n* 25% off\nDrag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first", "* $2.99\n\n* 25% off\nDrag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first" ] }, "parsed_md": "Olive Garden Fettuccine Alfredo Recipe | Top Secret Recipes\n\n# THE ORIGINAL COPYCAT RECIPES WEBSITE\n\nMenu\n\nCart\n\n0\n\nitems\n\n0 items in cart\n\nSubtotal: $0.00\n\nView cart\n\n * Sign in\n * Register\n\n * Menu\n\n * Restaurants\n * Brands\n * Categories\n * Recipes\n * Books\n * Spices/Sauces\n * Gear\n * Secret Recipe Club\n * Food Hacker Blog\n * Tools\n\n * Log In\n * Cart\n * Recipe Box\n * Quick Links\n\n * About\n * FAQ\n * Contact Us\n * Legal\n * Recipes\n * Restaurants\n * Brands\n * Categories\n * Books\n * Spices/Sauces\n * Gear\n * Recipe Club\n * Hacker Blog\n * Recipe Box\n\n# Olive Garden Alfredo Pasta\n\nBy Todd Wilbur\n\nScore: 4.84. Votes: 224\n\nIn stock (1 item available)\n\n * $0.00\n\nPrint\n\nEmail\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\nQty:\n\nHere's an updated Olive Garden fettuccine alfredo recipe from Top Secret\nRestaurant Recipes that includes more grated Parmesan cheese and fresh garlic\ninstead of garlic powder. You'll find this sauce thickens easier and has an\nimproved Olive Garden taste. Just be sure not to crank the heat up too high\nwhen simmering the sauce or it could break, resulted in a not-so-creamy,\ncurdled Alfredo. Also check out our copycat Olive Garden toasted ravioli\nrecipe!\n\nSource: Top Secret Restaurant Recipes by Todd Wilbur.\n\n##### This recipe is available in\n\n### Get This\n\n##### _main\n\n * 1/2 cup (1 stick) butter\n * 2 cloves garlic, minced\n * 2 cups heavy cream\n * 1/8 teaspoon ground black pepper\n * Pinch salt\n * 1/2 cup grated Parmesan cheese\n * 1 12-ounce box fettuccine pasta\n * (or your choice of pasta)\n\n * Do This\n\n * Restaurant/Brand\n\nOlive Garden\n\n * Instructions\n\n1\\. Melt butter in a medium saucepan over medium/low heat.\n\n2\\. Add the garlic, cream, pepper and salt, and bring mixture to a simmer.\nTurn the heat down if the mixture reaches a rapid boil or it could boil over.\nYou just want a simmer. Add the cheese, and continue to simmer the sauce for 8\nminutes or until thick.\n\n3\\. While the sauce cooks, bring 4 to 6 quarts of water to a boil and add the\npasta. Cook pasta for about 12 minutes or until done, then drain it.\n\n4\\. Spoon pasta onto serving plates with Alfredo sauce poured over the top.\n\nMakes 2 to 3 large servings.\n\nReviews\n\nAverage rating:\n\nScore: 4.84. Votes: 224\n\nRating of votes (224)\n\n5| 196 customers \n---|--- \n4| 23 customers \n3| 2 customers \n2| 3 customers \n1| 0 customers \n \nSheri Krause\n\nNov 30, 2019, 14:03\n\nThis is very good! The only thing I did change was I used half-and-half\ninstead of whipping cream and I added a little bit more Parm and four slices\nof provolone Yum:)\n\nTiffany West\n\nDec 3, 2017, 11:27\n\nEach of the Recipes leaves out a little something, you want the best alfrado\never add a tablespoon of flour to your garlic and butter to make a thin rue,\nbefore you add the other ingredients, the consistency of the sauce is 10x\nbetter also i squeeze a lemon wedge righi before serving the sauce it takes\nmellows out the flavor just enough to make it the perfect amount of savory\n\nMore Reviews\n\nAdd Review\n\nWhat's Hot\n\nDrop items here to shop\n\nProduct has been added to <a href=\"?target=cart\">your cart</a>\n\nCheckout\n\n * Drag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first\n\nComing soon...\n\nOutback Steakhouse Toowoomba Steak\n\n * $0.79\n\n * Drag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first\n\nComing soon...\n\nTop Secret Steak Rub\n\n * $5.95\n\n * 25% off\n\n * Drag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first\n\nComing soon...\n\nChipotle Mexican Grill Carnitas\n\n * $0.79\n\n * Drag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first\n\nComing soon...\n\nAnnual TSR Club\n\n * $1.99\n\n * 33% off\n\n * Drag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first\n\nComing soon...\n\nOlive Garden Chicken Piccata\n\n * $0.79\n\n * Drag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first\n\nComing soon...\n\nTop Secret Chicken Rub\n\n * $5.95\n\n * 25% off\n\n * Drag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first\n\nComing soon...\n\nMonthly TSR Club\n\n * $2.99\n\n * 25% off\n\n * Drag and drop me to the cart Product is out of stock Choose the product options first\n\nComing soon...\n\nHell Flakes\n\n * $5.95\n\n * 25% off\n\n## Browse All Recipes\n\n * Restaurants\n * Brands\n * Categories\n\n## Quick Links\n\n * About\n * FAQ\n * Contact Us\n * Legal\n\nSheKnows Media – Food\n\n© 2020 Top Secret Recipes. www.TopSecretRecipes.com All Rights Reserved\n\n" } ]
2,959,066
How To Get Microsoft Office For Free
If you want to use Microsoft Office for free, all you have to do is visit office.com to launch the web app versions of Microsoft Office software. When you get to office.com, scroll down a little and click on the icon of the software you want to use. Then, sign in with a Microsoft account, which can be your personal, business, or school account. If you don’t have an account, you can create one for free, which will allow you to save documents on Microsoft’s OneDrive storage. When you sign in, you can start using Microsoft Office software for free. However, the web version of Microsoft Office is not the full program and will have some limitations that you should keep in mind. For instance, the web apps do not auto-save, so make sure to save your work manually from time to time.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20161205014917/http://www.digitaltrends.com:80/computing/best-google-docs-alternatives/3/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200608171346/https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/best-microsoft-office-alternatives/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170310230324/https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Differences-between-using-a-document-in-the-browser-and-in-Word-90fac46c-2b8e-4fa1-b997-4e55ce4ed754" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.digitaltrends.com:80/computing/best-google-docs-alternatives/3/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161205014917/http://www.digitaltrends.com:80/computing/best-google-docs-alternatives/3/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Best Google Docs Alternatives For Browser-Based Editing", "passages": [ "OnlyOffice is a relative newcomer to the world of online office suites, but the company offers a free version of its software for personal use. The software allows users to easily upload documents, spreadsheets, and presentations created using Microsoft Office or Libre Office. An iOS app also provides mobile access, but sadly, there’s no Android app as of yet.", "A key strength of OnlyOffice is its cloud-based storage options, which let you connect your Google Drive, Dropbox, Box, OneDrive, SharePoint, and Yandex.Disk accounts. If you’re using a major cloud service, OnlyOffice can probably connect to it. The package is built on a lot of open source software, too, meaning true geeks can check out the source code on GitHub. It’s even possible to deploy OnlyOffice on your own server, which further increases its potential for power users or network administrators." ] }, "parsed_md": "Best Google Docs Alternatives For Browser-Based Editing | Page 3 | Digital\nTrends\n\nDT\n\nDigital Trends\n\nDT\n\nDigital Trends\n\nHome > Computing > The five best free alternatives to Google Docs...\n\n# The five best free alternatives to Google Docs that run in your browser\n\nBy Justin Pot — February 21, 2016 12:00 PM\n\nYou’re starting on page 3 of this, click here to start at the beginning\n\nSubscribe to this topic\n\nDon't Fall Behind\n\nStay current with a recap of today's Tech News from Digital Trends\n\n### OnlyOffice: Solid open source suite that’s also offered as a service\n\nOnlyOffice is a relative newcomer to the world of online office suites, but\nthe company offers a free version of its software for personal use. The\nsoftware allows users to easily upload documents, spreadsheets, and\npresentations created using Microsoft Office or Libre Office. An iOS app also\nprovides mobile access, but sadly, there’s no Android app as of yet.\n\nA key strength of OnlyOffice is its cloud-based storage options, which let you\nconnect your Google Drive, Dropbox, Box, OneDrive, SharePoint, and Yandex.Disk\naccounts. If you’re using a major cloud service, OnlyOffice can probably\nconnect to it. The package is built on a lot of open source software, too,\nmeaning true geeks can check out the source code on GitHub. It’s even possible\nto deploy OnlyOffice on your own server, which further increases its potential\nfor power users or network administrators.\n\nPrevious Page\n\nNext Page\n\n3 of 5\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/best-microsoft-office-alternatives/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200608171346/https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/best-microsoft-office-alternatives/", "parsed_text": { "title": "The best alternatives to Microsoft Office", "passages": [ "Microsoft Office once had an unquestioned stranglehold on the world of productivity suites and programs. However, the subscription model and the high-price of Office 2019 have given rise to a retinue of options that fall outside Microsoft’s banner. The best alternatives to Microsoft Office allow users the freedom to create and edit — many are even compatible with files made in Word, Excel, and other Microsoft’s programs. If you’re loyal to Microsoft’s product, it’s worth trying out the Office web-based applications, which emulate a lot of the primary features of Office right in your browser for free.", "Outside of that, there are capable alternatives available for both Windows and MacOS, whether you’re looking for a quick means to spell check the copy on your resume or string together complex formulas prior to an important business presentation. Below are a few of our favorites.", "The latest version of SoftMaker’s FreeOffice — released in 2016 — comes with full compatibility for DOC, DOCX, XLS, XLSX, and PPT file formats, with a lot of work going into making them “loss free.” This means you won’t find any unexpected surprises when transferring your files into Word, which makes the software perfect for those who want a free alternative to Word but still need to work regularly with Word software.", "FreeOffice is also easy on the eyes and should be very familiar to Word users. The toolbars and document-creation options are similar to those in the Office suite, and the latest software updates further ensure the program is quick and relatively void of loading times. Even PlanMaker, the suite’s Excel alternative, offers features such as conditional formatting and pivot tables, which past Excel users will be able to jump into without the need of a tutorial.", "FreeOffice is also an excellent choice for carrying out professional projects. Not only does it provide compatibility with password-protected files, but it can also help you create PDF files or ePUB files, track document changes, and switch between languages on the fly. More common features — i.e., spellcheck and smart typing — also wait in the wings, ensuring you’re not missing anything Office-related.", "Google’s online suite should need no introduction. The cloud-based software remains ideal if you need to work with others on a project — particularly if everyone is familiar with Google Drive, where files can be stored and shared. The current iteration of Docs supports PDFs, DOC files, and even iWork files, so you need not worry about information being lost. It also integrates with most of Google’s other services, including Gmail, Calendar, and Google Plus. There’s also the G Suite productivity solution for businesses, which is a strong competitor to Microsoft’s Office offerings in many enterprises.", "The interface is classic Google — minimalist and oft-confusing. Certain tools or abilities may be hidden deep in menus or not made available for unknown reasons, which can make the software difficult to pick up without any previous experience. Still, if you’re used to Chrome or Chrome OS, then you know what to expect and shouldn’t have much problem navigating the menus.", "Plus, the ability to work on documents, edit work, and discuss changes with others who are also working on the same file — all in the same window — is incredibly useful and implemented well across different file types. For some, this is a reason to choose Google’s offering over Microsoft’s — paid or otherwise. This is a great choice for those with limited storage (like Chromebook users), or for those who need to edit at a distance.", "The creators of LibreOffice took a look at Microsoft Office and said, “Let’s make sure we can do everything Office can’t.” By now, the differences are so numerous that someone has created a useful (and lengthy) graph that showcases the extra compatibility that LibreOffice offers compared to Microsoft’s suite. This includes support for a vast number of document formats in both MacOS and Windows. If you’re using more distinctive software and are worried that Office won’t be able to handle your industry-specific formats, then LibreOffice is more than happy to step in.", "The open-source community behind LibreOffice remains active, and continues to create extensions that allow you to equip your apps with any features you may need. Recent updates include improvements to interactive forms within documents, new presentation templates, and a cloud-based version of the suite for remote use. And given both “Fresh” and Nightly beta modes are currently available, you’re also guaranteed to see regular improvements with LibreOffice.", "Ultimately, if you like Office but are looking for a highly-customizable alternative that can expand on the tools Microsoft provides while offering solid compatibility, LibreOffice is for you. Of course, learning and building LibreOffice into the software you want may take a little work, so give yourself plenty of time to learn what’s at your disposal.", "WPS’s Office alternative comes with Writer, Presentation, and Spreadsheet, all of which mimic programs in Microsoft’s iconic suite. All files you create with these apps will be fully compatible with their Microsoft counterparts, and there’s an extra suite of PDF conversion tools in the event you need to export or import in a more ready-friendly format. Plus, the suite is available for free on both Android and iOS devices.", "WPS is ideal if you’re used to a specific interface in Word programs and want to mimic the experience as closely as possible. No time to learn new tools? No worries. Even the template options are based on Microsoft’s traditional templates, which makes it easy to find your favorite way to start and fill out a document. Plus, the interface more closely resembles newer versions of Microsoft Office than many of our other picks, so jumping in immediately may be even easier than you expect.", "WPS isn’t content to copy Microsoft in all things, however. The software touts a few useful tools of its own, including organic ways to change paragraph layout with your mouse, advanced section navigation, and document tabs that allow you to quickly manage multiple documents. This makes WPS Office a great choice for laptops and/or schoolwork.", "Apple’s iWork wasn’t originally designed for compatibility with Office Docs, but over time, the developers decided to add more functionality. You can import Microsoft files and edit them in Pages, Numbers, or Keynote as needed, which is a huge advantage that makes iWork the perfect Office alternative for those working on a Mac. These days, even Windows PC users can use iWork if they don’t mind doing so via iCloud (Apple currently doesn’t offer compatible desktop versions).", "Of course, accessibility is more determined by your familiarity with iWork than anything else. These apps may be able to produce similar documents in the end, but they don’t really resemble Microsoft office when it comes to the interface. Tools are located in different places and tend to be a little more obscured than their Microsoft counterparts, so if this is your first time using these apps, you can expect a steep learning curve before things become simple.", "Also, keep in mind that iWork is made to function alongside iCloud. If you currently use the cloud backup solution then that will make it much easier to share documents over the cloud and store them off-site if necessary. If your whole team is on board, this can be extremely useful, but as with the aforementioned Google Docs and G Suite, everyone needs to be on the same page. If you’re a mobile user, you also want to note that the iWork suite is broken into three separate apps, each of which needs to be downloaded individually.", "Digital Trends helps readers keep tabs on the fast-paced world of tech with all the latest news, fun product reviews, insightful editorials, and one-of-a- kind sneak peeks." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Best Alternatives to Microsoft Office\n\n * Best Products\n\n * Best Laptops\n * Best Headphones\n * Best Games\n * Best Game Consoles\n * Best Tablets\n * Best Drones\n * Best Cars\n * Best Routers\n * Best Phones\n * Best Printers\n * Best Speakers\n * Best TVs\n * Best Soundbars\n * Best Home Security Systems\n * Best Cameras\n * Best Smartwatches\n * Best Smart Home Devices\n * Best Refrigerators\n * Best Dishwashers\n * Best Washing Machines\n * Best Streaming Devices\n * Best Desktops\n * Best Coffee Machines\n * Versus\n * More Best Products\n * Product Reviews\n\n * Laptop Reviews\n * TV Reviews\n * Tablet Reviews\n * Game Reviews\n * Soundbar Reviews\n * Camera Reviews\n * Printer Reviews\n * Drone Reviews\n * Headphone Reviews\n * Fitness Tracker Reviews\n * Phone Reviews\n * Monitor Reviews\n * Smartwatch Reviews\n * Appliance Reviews\n * Home Security Reviews\n * Speaker Reviews\n * Desktop Reviews\n * Car Reviews\n * Streaming Device Reviews\n * Smart Home Device Reviews\n * All Reviews\n * News\n\n * Animal Crossing\n * Mobile\n * Home Theater\n * Computing\n * 5G\n * Gaming\n * Cars\n * Photography\n * Coronavirus\n * Streaming Media\n * Wearables\n * Entertainment\n * Culture\n * Smart Home\n * Small Business\n * Smart Cities\n * Artificial Intelligence\n * Cybersecurity\n * Internet of Things (IoT)\n * Samsung\n * More News\n * Original Series\n\n * Digital Trends Live\n * Bold Ideas\n * School's Out\n * Tech for Change\n * Innovate / Collaborate\n * Women With Byte\n * The Food Fight\n * Special Features\n * Video Series\n\n * Trends with Benefits\n * Hands-On\n * Vs.\n * Desk Envy\n * Explained\n * The Deets\n * Reel News\n * Jargon\n * More Originals\n * Buying Guides\n\n * QLED vs. OLED TV\n * Which Instant Pot Should You Buy?\n * Pixel 4 XL vs. Galaxy Note 10 Plus\n * Nintendo Switch vs. PS4\n * iPhone 11 Pro Max vs. Galaxy Note 10 Plus\n * Google Nest Mini vs. Home Mini\n * Google Home Mini vs. Amazon Echo Dot\n * 4K TV Buying Guide\n * Soundbar buying guide\n * Google Home vs. Amazon Echo\n * Laptop Buying Guide\n * Digital Camera Buying Guide\n * More Buying Guides\n * Deals\n\n * Best iPad Deals\n * Best Apple Watch Deals\n * Best iPhone Deals\n * Best MacBook Deals\n * Best 4K TV Deals\n * Best Smartwatch Deals\n * Best Laptop Deals\n * Best Smartphone Deals\n * More Deals\n * Downloads\n\n * Categories\n\n * Office & Productivity\n * Development Tools\n * Learning\n * Games\n * Internet\n * Music & Video\n * Customization\n * Security & VPN\n * Social & Messaging\n * Platforms\n\n * Windows\n * Mac\n * Android\n * OS & Tools\n * Browsers\n * More Downloads\n * More\n\n * More\n\n * About Digital Trends\n * The Manual\n * Advertise with Us\n * DT en Español\n * Creative Resources\n * Awards We Offer\n * Press\n * Careers\n * Social\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Pinterest\n * RSS\n * Newsletter\n * YouTube\n\n * Trending:\n * Content moderation study\n * SpaceX Starship\n * Logitech Circle View review\n * Op-Ed: Big Tech must do more against racism\n * How to treat tear gas\n * What is Signal?\n * Father's Day Deals 2020\n\n 1. Computing\n\n# The best alternatives to Microsoft Office\n\nBy Nick Hastings April 18, 2020\n\nMicrosoft Office once had an unquestioned stranglehold on the world of\nproductivity suites and programs. However, the subscription model and the\nhigh-price of Office 2019 have given rise to a retinue of options that fall\noutside Microsoft’s banner. The best alternatives to Microsoft Office allow\nusers the freedom to create and edit — many are even compatible with files\nmade in Word, Excel, and other Microsoft’s programs. If you’re loyal to\nMicrosoft’s product, it’s worth trying out the Office web-based applications,\nwhich emulate a lot of the primary features of Office right in your browser\nfor free.\n\nOutside of that, there are capable alternatives available for both Windows and\nMacOS, whether you’re looking for a quick means to spell check the copy on\nyour resume or string together complex formulas prior to an important business\npresentation. Below are a few of our favorites.\n\n## Best alternatives to Microsoft office\n\n * Best Microsoft Office alternative: FreeOffice\n * Best web-based Microsoft Office alternative: Google Apps/G Suite\n * Best full featured Microsoft Office alternative: LibreOffice\n * Best Word clone Microsoft Office alternative: WPS Office\n * Best iMac Microsoft Office alternative: iWork\n\n## Best Office alternative: FreeOffice\n\nMark Coppock/Digital Trends\n\nThe latest version of SoftMaker’s FreeOffice — released in 2016 — comes with\nfull compatibility for DOC, DOCX, XLS, XLSX, and PPT file formats, with a lot\nof work going into making them “loss free.” This means you won’t find any\nunexpected surprises when transferring your files into Word, which makes the\nsoftware perfect for those who want a free alternative to Word but still need\nto work regularly with Word software.\n\nFreeOffice is also easy on the eyes and should be very familiar to Word users.\nThe toolbars and document-creation options are similar to those in the Office\nsuite, and the latest software updates further ensure the program is quick and\nrelatively void of loading times. Even PlanMaker, the suite’s Excel\nalternative, offers features such as conditional formatting and pivot tables,\nwhich past Excel users will be able to jump into without the need of a\ntutorial.\n\nFreeOffice is also an excellent choice for carrying out professional projects.\nNot only does it provide compatibility with password-protected files, but it\ncan also help you create PDF files or ePUB files, track document changes, and\nswitch between languages on the fly. More common features — i.e., spellcheck\nand smart typing — also wait in the wings, ensuring you’re not missing\nanything Office-related.\n\nWindows Linux\n\n## Best web-based Microsoft Office alternative: Google’s G Suite/Google Apps\n\nMark Coppock/Digital Trends\n\nGoogle’s online suite should need no introduction. The cloud-based software\nremains ideal if you need to work with others on a project — particularly if\neveryone is familiar with Google Drive, where files can be stored and shared.\nThe current iteration of Docs supports PDFs, DOC files, and even iWork files,\nso you need not worry about information being lost. It also integrates with\nmost of Google’s other services, including Gmail, Calendar, and Google Plus.\nThere’s also the G Suite productivity solution for businesses, which is a\nstrong competitor to Microsoft’s Office offerings in many enterprises.\n\nThe interface is classic Google — minimalist and oft-confusing. Certain tools\nor abilities may be hidden deep in menus or not made available for unknown\nreasons, which can make the software difficult to pick up without any previous\nexperience. Still, if you’re used to Chrome or Chrome OS, then you know what\nto expect and shouldn’t have much problem navigating the menus.\n\nPlus, the ability to work on documents, edit work, and discuss changes with\nothers who are also working on the same file — all in the same window — is\nincredibly useful and implemented well across different file types. For some,\nthis is a reason to choose Google’s offering over Microsoft’s — paid or\notherwise. This is a great choice for those with limited storage (like\nChromebook users), or for those who need to edit at a distance.\n\nGoogle Docs G Suite\n\n## Best full-featured Microsoft Office alternative: LibreOffice\n\nThe creators of LibreOffice took a look at Microsoft Office and said, “Let’s\nmake sure we can do everything Office can’t.” By now, the differences are so\nnumerous that someone has created a useful (and lengthy) graph that showcases\nthe extra compatibility that LibreOffice offers compared to Microsoft’s suite.\nThis includes support for a vast number of document formats in both MacOS and\nWindows. If you’re using more distinctive software and are worried that Office\nwon’t be able to handle your industry-specific formats, then LibreOffice is\nmore than happy to step in.\n\nThe open-source community behind LibreOffice remains active, and continues to\ncreate extensions that allow you to equip your apps with any features you may\nneed. Recent updates include improvements to interactive forms within\ndocuments, new presentation templates, and a cloud-based version of the suite\nfor remote use. And given both “Fresh” and Nightly beta modes are currently\navailable, you’re also guaranteed to see regular improvements with\nLibreOffice.\n\nUltimately, if you like Office but are looking for a highly-customizable\nalternative that can expand on the tools Microsoft provides while offering\nsolid compatibility, LibreOffice is for you. Of course, learning and building\nLibreOffice into the software you want may take a little work, so give\nyourself plenty of time to learn what’s at your disposal.\n\nWindows MacOS Linux\n\n## Best Microsoft Word clone: WPS Office\n\nMark Coppock/Digital Trends\n\nWPS’s Office alternative comes with Writer, Presentation, and Spreadsheet, all\nof which mimic programs in Microsoft’s iconic suite. All files you create with\nthese apps will be fully compatible with their Microsoft counterparts, and\nthere’s an extra suite of PDF conversion tools in the event you need to export\nor import in a more ready-friendly format. Plus, the suite is available for\nfree on both Android and iOS devices.\n\nWPS is ideal if you’re used to a specific interface in Word programs and want\nto mimic the experience as closely as possible. No time to learn new tools? No\nworries. Even the template options are based on Microsoft’s traditional\ntemplates, which makes it easy to find your favorite way to start and fill out\na document. Plus, the interface more closely resembles newer versions of\nMicrosoft Office than many of our other picks, so jumping in immediately may\nbe even easier than you expect.\n\nWPS isn’t content to copy Microsoft in all things, however. The software touts\na few useful tools of its own, including organic ways to change paragraph\nlayout with your mouse, advanced section navigation, and document tabs that\nallow you to quickly manage multiple documents. This makes WPS Office a great\nchoice for laptops and/or schoolwork.\n\nWindows Linux Android iOS\n\n## Best iMac Office Alternative: iWork\n\nMark Coppock/Digital Trends\n\nApple’s iWork wasn’t originally designed for compatibility with Office Docs,\nbut over time, the developers decided to add more functionality. You can\nimport Microsoft files and edit them in Pages, Numbers, or Keynote as needed,\nwhich is a huge advantage that makes iWork the perfect Office alternative for\nthose working on a Mac. These days, even Windows PC users can use iWork if\nthey don’t mind doing so via iCloud (Apple currently doesn’t offer compatible\ndesktop versions).\n\nOf course, accessibility is more determined by your familiarity with iWork\nthan anything else. These apps may be able to produce similar documents in the\nend, but they don’t really resemble Microsoft office when it comes to the\ninterface. Tools are located in different places and tend to be a little more\nobscured than their Microsoft counterparts, so if this is your first time\nusing these apps, you can expect a steep learning curve before things become\nsimple.\n\nAlso, keep in mind that iWork is made to function alongside iCloud. If you\ncurrently use the cloud backup solution then that will make it much easier to\nshare documents over the cloud and store them off-site if necessary. If your\nwhole team is on board, this can be extremely useful, but as with the\naforementioned Google Docs and G Suite, everyone needs to be on the same page.\nIf you’re a mobile user, you also want to note that the iWork suite is broken\ninto three separate apps, each of which needs to be downloaded individually.\n\nPages Numbers Keynote\n\n#### Editors' Recommendations\n\n * Turn Chrome OS into a powerhouse with the best Chromebook apps\n * The best productivity apps for Android and iOS\n * Microsoft Word vs. Google Docs\n * The best cloud storage services for 2020\n * The best PDF editors for 2020\n\n### What is Android TV? Google’s smart TV platform fully explained\n\n2 hours ago\n\n### The best Mac apps for 2020\n\n2 days ago\n\n### The best iPhone apps (June 2020)\n\n4 days ago\n\n### Turn Chrome OS into a powerhouse with the best Chromebook apps\n\n4 days ago\n\n### Nik Collection 3’s impressive new lens correction beats Adobe, but is it\nenough?\n\n5 days ago\n\n### How to forget a network on a Mac\n\n5 days ago\n\n### A Windows 10 update brings Microsoft’s excellent new Edge browser to the\nmasses\n\n4 days ago\n\n### Apple MacBook Pro, Dell XPS 13, Microsoft Surface Pro X on sale for\nFather’s Day\n\n4 days ago\n\n### How to spoof your MAC address and go truly incognito on your network\n\n4 days ago\n\n### How to set up a mesh network\n\n4 days ago\n\n### How to take a screenshot on a Chromebook\n\n4 days ago\n\n### The best laptops for high school students in 2020\n\n4 days ago\n\n### The best web browsers for 2020\n\n4 days ago\n\n### How to edit multiple photos at once\n\n4 days ago\n\n### What is Ripple?\n\n4 days ago\n\nUpgrade your lifestyle\n\nDigital Trends helps readers keep tabs on the fast-paced world of tech with\nall the latest news, fun product reviews, insightful editorials, and one-of-a-\nkind sneak peeks.\n\nDigital Trends may earn a commission when you buy through links on our site.\n\nCopyright ©2020 Designtechnica Corporation. All rights reserved.\n\n * Add Us To Your Social Channels\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instragram\n * LinkedIn\n * Pinterest\n * YouTube\n * RSS Home\n * Subscribe\n\n * Newsletter Landing\n\n * Must Reads\n\n * Best Movies on Netflix\n * Best Shows on Netflix\n * Best Shows on Hulu\n * Best Movies on Hulu\n * Best Shows on Amazon Prime\n * Best Movies on Amazon Prime\n * Best iPhone Games\n * Best Android Games\n * Best Tech Jobs\n * Popular Downloads\n\n * Download Fortnite\n * Download Skype\n * Download Winrar\n * Download Netflix for Android\n * Download Spotify for Android\n * Download PC games\n * Downloads for Windows\n * Downloads for Mac\n * Downloads for Android\n * Who We Are\n\n * About\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n * Careers\n * DT Español\n * The Manual\n * The Angle\n * Podcasts\n * Giveaways\n * Advertise with Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Differences-between-using-a-document-in-the-browser-and-in-Word-90fac46c-2b8e-4fa1-b997-4e55ce4ed754", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170310230324/https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Differences-between-using-a-document-in-the-browser-and-in-Word-90fac46c-2b8e-4fa1-b997-4e55ce4ed754", "parsed_text": { "title": "Differences between using a document in the browser and in Word", "passages": [ "Microsoft Word Web App lets you make basic edits and formatting changes to your document in a web browser. For more advanced features, use Word Web App’s Open in Word command. When you save the document in Word, it is saved on the website where you opened it in the web app.", "The document you open in Word Web App is the same as the document you open in the Word desktop app, but some features work differently in the two environments.", "Word 97-2003 Document (.doc) or Word 97-2003 Template (.dot) Word Web App displays documents in these formats, but to edit the document in the browser, Word Web App saves a new copy of the document in .docx or .dotx format. Word Web App can’t save documents in the .doc or .dot formats.", "Word Web App can’t open documents in other file formats. For example, these formats are not supported: Open Document Format (ODF), Rich Text Format (RTF), Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions HTML (MHTML), and Portable Document Format (PDF). ODT format is not supported for documents stored on OneDrive.", "When you view or print a document in Word Web App, the document looks the same as it does in Print Layout view in the Word desktop app. Word Web App uses a PDF reader to print documents (see the list of supported PDF readers). If you want Word features for printing (such as adjusting page margins), click Open in Word, and print in the Word desktop app.", "When you are viewing a document, some features work differently in the browser than they do in the Word desktop app. To use features that are not available in Word Web App, click Open in Word.", "In Reading view, Word Web App displays a document as it looks in Print Layout view. Other views available in the Word desktop app (Outline, Draft, Web Layout, and Full Screen Reading) are not available in Word Web App. Likewise, the Navigation pane, side-by-side viewing, and split windows are not available in Word Web App.", "When you edit a document in Word Web App, the document is presented in Editing view so that you can edit and format text. Editing view doesn’t show page formatting, such as margins or page breaks, cover pages, or headers and footers. Additionally, many kinds of objects are displayed as placeholders.", "The following tables describe how Word Web App supports features that might apply to your documents. To use features beyond what’s available in Word Web App, click Open in Word.", "Word Web App can’t open documents that are encrypted with a password or protected with Information Rights Management. Open these documents in the Word desktop app.", "A document that requires a password to modify it opens in Word Web App in Reading view, but the document cannot be edited in the browser. Click Open in Word to remove editing restrictions.", "Versions are managed on the server rather than in Word Web App. If your document is stored on OneDrive, use the Version History feature in OneDrive. If your document is stored in a SharePoint library, see if the Version History feature has been configured for the library.", "Copy and paste text. Text is formatted to match the text surrounding where it is pasted in Word Web App.", "Align paragraphs left, right, or centered; run text right-to-left or left-to- right; increase or decrease indentation; format paragraphs as a bulleted or numbered list. You can also clear formatting. You cannot adjust line spacing in Word Web App.", "Apply one of a gallery of built-in styles. You can also clear formatting. You cannot create new styles or modify styles in Word Web App.", "Zoom is available only in Reading view. Use your browser’s view settings to zoom in or out in Editing view.", "Breaks between lines and pages are displayed in Reading view. In Editing view, line breaks are represented as placeholders, and page breaks are not indicated.", "Multiple authors can work simultaneously in Word Web App for documents stored on OneDrive. Co-authoring works across Word 2010, Word for Mac 2011, and Word Web App. For documents stored in a SharePoint library co-authors can use Word 2010 and/or Word for Mac 2011 but not Word Web App.", "Check spelling and set the proofing language, using the built-in dictionary. Word Web App does not use a custom dictionary and does not include grammar checking, translation, or a thesaurus.", "Comments appear in Reading view. To add comments or to edit a document with comments in it, click Open in Word.", "Tracked changes appear in Reading view. To track your changes or to edit a document with tracked changes in it, click Open in Word. This also applies if the Track Changes feature was turned on when the document was last saved in Word. The feature for comparing versions is not available in Word Web App.", "Insert, edit, and follow hyperlinks. Bookmark and cross-reference links work, and you can edit their display text, but not their destination, in Word Web App.", "Insert tables. Select by table, column, row or cell; delete by table, column, or row; Insert rows and columns; align cell text left, right, or centered. More sophisticated table features--such as table styles, cell size, text direction, and sort order--are preserved in the document, but cannot be configured in Word Web App.", "Insert pictures stored on your computer, or insert clip art available on Office.com. You can resize pictures and clip art, and you can add alt-text to them. To move a picture or clip art image, cut and paste it. More sophisticated features for working with pictures, such as applying effects and cropping, are not available in Word Web App. You can’t create screenshots directly in Word Web App, but screenshots in a document display as pictures in Word Web App.", "These display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view they appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit. They cannot be moved or resized in Word Web App.", "These display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view they appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit. They cannot be moved or resized in Word Web App.", "These display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view they appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit or update. A cover page appears as a placeholder for a content control.", "These display in the document as expected in Reading view. Headers and footers, including page numbers, are hidden in Editing view.", "These display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view they appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit or update.", "You can view, edit, print, and share documents that contain macros, but to run the macros click Open in Word.", "These display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view they appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit. They cannot be moved or resized in Word Web App." ] }, "parsed_md": "Differences between using a document in the browser and in Word - Word\n\nTry Microsoft Edge, a fast and secure browser that's designed for Windows 10\nGet started\n\nSign in\n\n * * Products\n\n * For home >\n * For business >\n * For education >\n * Applications >\n * Templates\n * Support\n\n * Products\n\n * ### For home >\n\n * Try\n * Buy\n * For households\n * For individuals\n * Office Online\n * Install Office\n * System requirements\n * ### For business >\n\n * Small business\n * Enterprise\n * IT resources\n * Plans & pricing\n * Customer stories\n * Security & compliance\n * Install Office\n * System requirements\n * ### For education >\n\n * For students & teachers\n * For schools\n * ### Applications >\n\n * Word\n * Excel\n * PowerPoint\n * Outlook\n * Access\n * Exchange\n * OneDrive for Business\n * Project\n * SharePoint\n * Skype for Business\n * Visio\n * See all Office products\n\n * Templates\n * Support\n\nSupport\n\n * Apps\n\n * Access\n * Excel\n * OneDrive\n * OneNote\n * Outlook\n * PowerPoint\n * SharePoint\n * Skype for Business\n * Visio\n * Word\n * Install\n * Account\n * Training\n * Admin\n\n# Differences between using a document in the browser and in Word\n\nApplies To: Word Web App More... Less\n\nMicrosoft Word Web App lets you make basic edits and formatting changes to\nyour document in a web browser. For more advanced features, use Word Web App’s\nOpen in Word command. When you save the document in Word, it is saved on the\nwebsite where you opened it in the web app.\n\nThe document you open in Word Web App is the same as the document you open in\nthe Word desktop app, but some features work differently in the two\nenvironments.\n\n## In this article\n\n \n\nFile formats supported in Word Web App\n\n \n\nFeatures supported for viewing and printing\n\n \n\nFeatures that differ between the browser and the desktop\n\n \n\nOpening and saving\n\n \n\nEditing and formatting\n\n \n\nReviewing\n\n \n\nObjects\n\n## File formats supported in Word Web App\n\nWord Web App opens documents in these formats:\n\n * Word Document (.docx)\n\n * Word Template (.dotx)\n\n * Word Macro-Enabled Document (.docm) or Word Macro-Enabled Template (.dotm) The document can be opened, but macros do not run.\n\n * Word 97-2003 Document (.doc) or Word 97-2003 Template (.dot) Word Web App displays documents in these formats, but to edit the document in the browser, Word Web App saves a new copy of the document in .docx or .dotx format. Word Web App can’t save documents in the .doc or .dot formats.\n\n * OpenDocument Text (.odt) This format is supported for documents stored in a SharePoint library.\n\nWord Web App can’t open documents in other file formats. For example, these\nformats are not supported: Open Document Format (ODF), Rich Text Format (RTF),\nHypertext Markup Language (HTML), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions HTML\n(MHTML), and Portable Document Format (PDF). ODT format is not supported for\ndocuments stored on OneDrive.\n\nTop of Page\n\n## Features supported for viewing and printing\n\nWhen you view or print a document in Word Web App, the document looks the same\nas it does in Print Layout view in the Word desktop app. Word Web App uses a\nPDF reader to print documents (see the list of supported PDF readers). If you\nwant Word features for printing (such as adjusting page margins), click Open\nin Word, and print in the Word desktop app.\n\nWhen you are viewing a document, some features work differently in the browser\nthan they do in the Word desktop app. To use features that are not available\nin Word Web App, click Open in Word.\n\nThis Feature\n\n|\n\nWorks like this in Word Web App \n \n---|--- \n \nPrint Layout view\n\n|\n\nIn Reading view, Word Web App displays a document as it looks in Print Layout\nview. Other views available in the Word desktop app (Outline, Draft, Web\nLayout, and Full Screen Reading) are not available in Word Web App. Likewise,\nthe Navigation pane, side-by-side viewing, and split windows are not available\nin Word Web App. \n \nRulers and gridlines\n\n|\n\nWord Web App does not display rulers and gridlines. \n \nTop of Page\n\n## Features that differ between the browser and the desktop\n\nWhen you edit a document in Word Web App, the document is presented in Editing\nview so that you can edit and format text. Editing view doesn’t show page\nformatting, such as margins or page breaks, cover pages, or headers and\nfooters. Additionally, many kinds of objects are displayed as placeholders.\n\nThe following tables describe how Word Web App supports features that might\napply to your documents. To use features beyond what’s available in Word Web\nApp, click Open in Word.\n\n### Opening and saving\n\nThis Feature\n\n|\n\nWorks like this in Word Web App \n \n---|--- \n \nFile protection: IRM or password\n\n|\n\nWord Web App can’t open documents that are encrypted with a password or\nprotected with Information Rights Management. Open these documents in the Word\ndesktop app. \n \nPermission to modify\n\n|\n\nA document that requires a password to modify it opens in Word Web App in\nReading view, but the document cannot be edited in the browser. Click Open in\nWord to remove editing restrictions. \n \nSave\n\n|\n\nYou save a document manually in Word Web App; there is no auto-save feature. \n \nManage Versions\n\n|\n\nVersions are managed on the server rather than in Word Web App. If your\ndocument is stored on OneDrive, use the Version History feature in OneDrive.\nIf your document is stored in a SharePoint library, see if the Version History\nfeature has been configured for the library. \n \n### Editing and formatting\n\nThis feature\n\n|\n\nWorks like this in Word Web App \n \n---|--- \n \nCopy and Paste\n\n|\n\nCopy and paste text. Text is formatted to match the text surrounding where it\nis pasted in Word Web App. \n \nFont formatting\n\n|\n\nApply bold, italics, underline, strikethrough, subscript, superscript, font,\nsize, color, and highlighting. You can also clear font formatting. \n \nParagraph formatting\n\n|\n\nAlign paragraphs left, right, or centered; run text right-to-left or left-to-\nright; increase or decrease indentation; format paragraphs as a bulleted or\nnumbered list. You can also clear formatting. You cannot adjust line spacing\nin Word Web App. \n \nNumbering and bullets\n\n|\n\nApply one of several built-in numbering or bullet styles. \n \nStyles\n\n|\n\nApply one of a gallery of built-in styles. You can also clear formatting. You\ncannot create new styles or modify styles in Word Web App. \n \nFind\n\n|\n\nFind is available only in Reading view. Find and Replace is not available in\nWord Web App. \n \nZoom\n\n|\n\nZoom is available only in Reading view. Use your browser’s view settings to\nzoom in or out in Editing view. \n \nPage margins and orientation\n\n|\n\nPage layout is preserved but can’t be edited in Word Web App. \n \nLine breaks and page breaks\n\n|\n\nBreaks between lines and pages are displayed in Reading view. In Editing view,\nline breaks are represented as placeholders, and page breaks are not\nindicated. \n \nColumns\n\n|\n\nPage layout is preserved but can’t be edited in Word Web App. \n \nTheme, page color, watermarks\n\n|\n\nTheme and page background are preserved in the document but can’t be edited in\nWord Web App. \n \nCo-authoring\n\n|\n\nMultiple authors can work simultaneously in Word Web App for documents stored\non OneDrive. Co-authoring works across Word 2010, Word for Mac 2011, and Word\nWeb App. For documents stored in a SharePoint library co-authors can use Word\n2010 and/or Word for Mac 2011 but not Word Web App. \n \n### Reviewing\n\nThis Feature\n\n|\n\nWorks like this in Word Web App \n \n---|--- \n \nProofing tools\n\n|\n\nCheck spelling and set the proofing language, using the built-in dictionary.\nWord Web App does not use a custom dictionary and does not include grammar\nchecking, translation, or a thesaurus. \n \nComments\n\n|\n\nComments appear in Reading view. To add comments or to edit a document with\ncomments in it, click Open in Word. \n \nTracked changes\n\n|\n\nTracked changes appear in Reading view. To track your changes or to edit a\ndocument with tracked changes in it, click Open in Word. This also applies if\nthe Track Changes feature was turned on when the document was last saved in\nWord. The feature for comparing versions is not available in Word Web App. \n \n### Objects\n\nThis Feature\n\n|\n\nWorks like this in Word Web App \n \n---|--- \n \nHyperlinks\n\n|\n\nInsert, edit, and follow hyperlinks. Bookmark and cross-reference links work,\nand you can edit their display text, but not their destination, in Word Web\nApp. \n \nTables\n\n|\n\nInsert tables. Select by table, column, row or cell; delete by table, column,\nor row; Insert rows and columns; align cell text left, right, or centered.\nMore sophisticated table features--such as table styles, cell size, text\ndirection, and sort order--are preserved in the document, but cannot be\nconfigured in Word Web App. \n \nPictures and clip art\n\n|\n\nInsert pictures stored on your computer, or insert clip art available on\nOffice.com. You can resize pictures and clip art, and you can add alt-text to\nthem. To move a picture or clip art image, cut and paste it. More\nsophisticated features for working with pictures, such as applying effects and\ncropping, are not available in Word Web App. You can’t create screenshots\ndirectly in Word Web App, but screenshots in a document display as pictures in\nWord Web App. \n \nShapes, charts, text boxes, SmartArt, WordArt\n\n|\n\nThese display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view\nthey appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit. They cannot be\nmoved or resized in Word Web App. \n \nEquations, symbols, ink\n\n|\n\nThese display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view\nthey appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit. They cannot be\nmoved or resized in Word Web App. \n \nFields, content controls, cover page\n\n|\n\nThese display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view\nthey appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit or update. A\ncover page appears as a placeholder for a content control. \n \nHeaders and footers\n\n|\n\nThese display in the document as expected in Reading view. Headers and\nfooters, including page numbers, are hidden in Editing view. \n \nFootnotes, endnotes, bibliography, table of contents, index\n\n|\n\nThese display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view\nthey appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit or update. \n \nMacros\n\n|\n\nYou can view, edit, print, and share documents that contain macros, but to run\nthe macros click Open in Word. \n \nActiveX controls, embedded OLE objects, signature line\n\n|\n\nThese display in the document as expected in Reading view. In Editing view\nthey appear as placeholders that you can delete but not edit. They cannot be\nmoved or resized in Word Web App. \n \nLinked pictures, embedded files\n\n|\n\nThese are preserved in the document but are displayed as placeholders in Word\nWeb App. \n \nTop of Page\n\nAdditional resources\n\nInstall Install\n\nAdmin\n\nTraining\n\n## Thank you for your feedback!\n\n## Thank you for your feedback! It sounds like it might be helpful to connect\nyou to one of our agents. Chat with an Office support agent\n\n×\n\nLearn\n\n * Windows\n * Office\n * Skype\n * Outlook\n * OneDrive\n * MSN\n\nDevices\n\n * Microsoft Surface\n * Xbox\n * PC and laptops\n * Microsoft Lumia\n * Microsoft Band\n * Microsoft HoloLens\n\nMicrosoft Store\n\n * View account\n * Order tracking\n * Retail store locations\n * Returns\n * Sales & support\n\nDownloads\n\n * Download Center\n * Windows downloads\n * Windows 10 apps\n * Office apps\n * Microsoft Lumia apps\n * Internet Explorer\n\nValues\n\n * Diversity and inclusion\n * Accessibility\n * Microsoft in education\n * Microsoft philanthropies\n * Corporate social responsibility\n * Privacy at Microsoft\n\nCompany\n\n * Careers\n * About Microsoft\n * Company news\n * Investors\n * Research\n * Site map\n\n * English (United States)\n\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy & Cookies\n * Terms of use & sale\n * Trademarks\n * Office accessibility\n * Legal\n * © 2017 Microsoft\n\n" } ]
9,448,521
How To Deal with an Abusive Wife
No one should have to deal with an abusive wife. If you’re being abused physically or emotionally, there are steps you can take to protect yourself. It’s important to set boundaries for unacceptable behaviors, like name calling, physical violence, or invasions of privacy. Calmly let your wife know that you won’t accept these things in the future. Whenever she crosses a boundary, walk away from the situation. Shut yourself in a different room or leave the house and go to a safe place. Don’t argue with her or retaliate, since this will make things worse. If you’re in physical danger, call the police, since your wife has no right to treat you that way. If you don’t see any improvement in her behavior after you’ve set boundaries, consider separating from her. This can be really hard when you love someone, but it’s important to protect yourself from toxic behaviors.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20200925145514/https://www.thehotline.org/2013/09/05/is-change-possible-in-an-abuser/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201101014934/https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/getting-out-of-an-abusive-relationship.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200809171455/https://www.thehotline.org/2014/07/22/men-can-be-victims-of-abuse-too/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200928130230/https://www.thehotline.org/help/help-for-friends-and-family/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111141351/https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-4386/A-Simple-Breathing-Exercise-to-Calm-Your-Mind-Body.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201101005728/https://www.domesticshelters.org/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201101050658/https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/help-for-men-who-are-being-abused.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200925143744/https://www.thehotline.org/2016/03/31/5-self-care-tips-for-abuse-and-trauma-survivors/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171115052714/http://www.focusonthefamily.com/family-q-and-a/relationships-and-marriage/my-wife-is-physically-abusive", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170210110430/https://www.domesticshelters.org/domestic-violence-articles-information/how-to-prove-nonphysical-abuse-in-court", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201030015910/https://www.healthyplace.com/abuse/verbal-abuse/your-verbally-abusive-wife-what-can-you-do" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.thehotline.org/2013/09/05/is-change-possible-in-an-abuser/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200925145514/https://www.thehotline.org/2013/09/05/is-change-possible-in-an-abuser/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Is Change Possible In An Abuser?", "passages": [ "Tip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the bottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge web browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website after hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.", "That small, two-word sentence is actually a huge, significant statement that carries a lot of weight. We grow up learning about change — the inevitability of it, the uncertainty it can bring. We change — our opinions, personalities, careers, friends and much more.", "Some changes feel like they happen overnight. Others are more conscious, and they have to be, like overcoming an addiction or correcting a personality flaw that’s harmful to ourselves or others.", "If you’re the one wanting a loved one to change, it can feel impossible — but we hold onto the hope that they will change, because we desperately want them to, because we remember how they were different in the past (and if they changed for the worse, can’t they change for the better?)", "While people do have the capacity to change, they need to deeply want to and be committed to all aspects of change in order to begin to do so — and even then, it’s a lot easier said than done.", "In discussing why abusers abuse , it’s clear that a lot of the causal factors behind these behaviors are learned attitudes and feelings of entitlement and privilege — which can be extremely difficult to truly change. Because of this, there’s a very low percentage of abusers who truly do change their ways.", "One part of changing may involve an abusive partner willingly attending a certified batterer intervention program that focuses on behavior, reflection and accountability. At the Hotline we don’t recommend couples counseling, anger management, substance abuse programs or mental health treatments for abusers to learn about and deal with their abusive patterns (although oftentimes these can helpfully supplement a batterer intervention program).", "According to author Lundy Bancroft, the following are some changes in your partner that could indicate they’re making progress in their recovery:", "Not treating improvements as vouchers to be spent on occasional acts of abuse (ex. “I haven’t done anything like this in a long time, so it’s not a big deal)", "Accepting the consequences of their actions (including not feeling sorry for themselves about the consequences, and not blaming their partner or children for them)", "No one deserves abuse, and it’s never too late to seek help. While we hope abusive partners will change, it’s not always realistic to expect that they can and will. Focus on changes you can control to improve your own life, because you deserved to feel loved, happy and safe.", "In the words of artist Andy Warhol, “When people are ready to, they change. They never do it before then... You can’t make them change if they don’t want to.”", "Tags: abusive, anger management, batterer intervention and prevention programs, BIP, change, couples counseling, excuses, lundy bancroft, mental health, substance abuse, Why Does He Do That", "My paraplegic son lives in fear and stays up all night especially on... September 5, 2013 - 4:43 pm by Lisa", "Let me know if you helped the two first women, send me a... September 5, 2013 - 4:43 pm by Ella", "Please send me a message to my email if you helped the two... September 5, 2013 - 4:43 pm by Emma", "If someone help people here can you answer me. I want to know... September 5, 2013 - 4:43 pm by Laura", "Estamos en el proceso de traducir nuestra página de internet en español. Si necesita información en español, por favor haga clic aquí.", "This project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0426 from the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.", "This website is funded in part through a grant from the Office for Victims of Crime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the U.S. Department of Justice nor any or its components operate, control, are responsible for, or necessarily endorse, this website (including, without limitations, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any services or tools provided).", "Safety Alert: Computer use can be monitored and is impossible to completely clear. If you are afraid your internet usage might be monitored, call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224. Users of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google when clicking the “X” or “Escape” button." ] }, "parsed_md": "Is Change Possible In An Abuser? | The National Domestic Violence Hotline\n\nSkip to content\n\nTip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the\nbottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge\nweb browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website\nafter hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nThe National Domestic Violence Hotline\n\nIs Change Possible In An Abuser?\n\nYou are here:\n\n * Home\n\n/\n\n * Blog\n\n/\n\n * Is Change Possible In An Abuser?\n\n# Is Change Possible In An Abuser?\n\nSeptember 5, 2013September 19, 2020 / 0 Comments / in Get Help Today, The\nHotline\n\nPeople change.\n\nThat small, two-word sentence is actually a huge, significant statement that\ncarries a lot of weight. We grow up learning about change — the inevitability\nof it, the uncertainty it can bring. We change — our opinions, personalities,\ncareers, friends and much more.\n\nSome changes feel like they happen overnight. Others are more conscious, and\nthey have to be, like overcoming an addiction or correcting a personality flaw\nthat’s harmful to ourselves or others.\n\nIf you’re the one wanting a loved one to change, it can feel impossible — but\nwe hold onto the hope that they will change, because we desperately want them\nto, because we remember how they were different in the past (and if they\nchanged for the worse, can’t they change for the better?)\n\nCan an abusive partner really change?\n\nWhile people do have the capacity to change, they need to deeply want to and\nbe committed to all aspects of change in order to begin to do so — and even\nthen, it’s a lot easier said than done.\n\nIn discussing why abusers abuse , it’s clear that a lot of the causal factors\nbehind these behaviors are learned attitudes and feelings of entitlement and\nprivilege — which can be extremely difficult to truly change. Because of this,\nthere’s a very low percentage of abusers who truly do change their ways.\n\nOne part of changing may involve an abusive partner willingly attending a\ncertified batterer intervention program that focuses on behavior, reflection\nand accountability. At the Hotline we don’t recommend couples counseling,\nanger management, substance abuse programs or mental health treatments for\nabusers to learn about and deal with their abusive patterns (although\noftentimes these can helpfully supplement a batterer intervention program).\n\nHow can abusers change?\n\nAccording to author Lundy Bancroft, the following are some changes in your\npartner that could indicate they’re making progress in their recovery:\n\n * Admitting fully to what they have done\n * Stopping excuses and blaming\n * Making amends\n * Accepting responsibility and recognizing that abuse is a choice\n * Identifying patterns of controlling behavior they use\n * Identifying the attitudes that drive their abuse\n * Accepting that overcoming abusiveness is a decades-long process — not declaring themselves “cured”\n * Not demanding credit for improvements they’ve made\n * Not treating improvements as vouchers to be spent on occasional acts of abuse (ex. “I haven’t done anything like this in a long time, so it’s not a big deal)\n * Developing respectful, kind, supportive behaviors\n * Carrying their weight and sharing power\n * Changing how they respond to their partner’s (or former partner’s) anger and grievances\n * Changing how they act in heated conflicts\n * Accepting the consequences of their actions (including not feeling sorry for themselves about the consequences, and not blaming their partner or children for them)\n\nLearn more about Lundy Bancroft here and check out some of his helpful books,\nincluding “Why Does He Do That? Inside The Minds of Angry and Controlling\nMen.”\n\nAs Bancroft notes, truly overcoming abusiveness can be an ongoing, often\nlifelong process.\n\nNo one deserves abuse, and it’s never too late to seek help. While we hope\nabusive partners will change, it’s not always realistic to expect that they\ncan and will. Focus on changes you can control to improve your own life,\nbecause you deserved to feel loved, happy and safe.\n\nIn the words of artist Andy Warhol, “When people are ready to, they change.\nThey never do it before then... You can’t make them change if they don’t want\nto.”\n\nTags: abusive, anger management, batterer intervention and prevention\nprograms, BIP, change, couples counseling, excuses, lundy bancroft, mental\nhealth, substance abuse, Why Does He Do That\n\n## Share this entry\n\n * Share on Facebook\n * Share on Twitter\n * Share on Google Plus\n * Share on Pinterest\n * Share on LinkedIn\n * Share to Tumblr\n * Share to Reddit\n * Share by email\n\nYou might also like:\n\n The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19\n A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19\n Staying Safe During COVID-19\n A Deeper Look Into Gaslighting\n Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline\n The What, Why, and How of DVAM\n Statement by Katie Ray-Jones, CEO of the National Domestic Violence Hotline on Mass Violence in Dayton and El Paso\n Statement from Katie Ray-Jones: Introduction of FVPSA 2019\n\nAsk Yourself, “Am I Hurting My Partner?”\n\nThe Hotline Calls You May Not Expect\n\n## Sidebar\n\n * Archive\n * Domestic Violence on TV\n * DVAM Blog Posts\n * Get Help Today\n * Healthy Love\n * Offering Support\n * Survivor Series\n\nTweets by thehotline\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19\n * A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19\n * The Hotline Welcomes the Passage of the HEROES Act in the House, Urges Senate to Follow Suit\n * The Hotline Commends Passage of the CARES Act\n * Staying Safe During COVID-19\n\n## Footer\n\nNational Domestic Violence Hotline PO Box 90249 Austin, Texas 78709 Office\nLine: 512-453-8117\n\n * Popular\n\n * Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline October 9, 2019 - 10:54 pm\n * A Closer Look at A Star is Born February 21, 2019 - 9:00 am\n * “How Can I Talk to My Abuser?” February 5, 2019 - 6:22 pm\n * Stalking Safety Planning January 25, 2019 - 12:50 pm\n * Healing Through the Arts January 18, 2019 - 12:00 pm\n * Aretha Franklin, A Legacy Survivor Story August 27, 2018 - 4:05 pm\n * Silent Scars of Domestic Abuse August 25, 2018 - 12:52 pm\n * Finding Closure After Abuse May 14, 2013 - 5:27 pm\n * Pregnancy and Abuse: How to Stay Safe for Your 9 Months July 23, 2013 - 9:00 am\n * When Your Partner Threatens Suicide August 21, 2014 - 9:00 am\n * When Money Becomes a Form of Power and Control July 9, 2013 - 6:30 pm\n\n * Recent\n\n * Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline October 9, 2019 - 10:54 pm\n * A Closer Look at A Star is Born February 21, 2019 - 9:00 am\n * “How Can I Talk to My Abuser?” February 5, 2019 - 6:22 pm\n * Stalking Safety Planning January 25, 2019 - 12:50 pm\n * Healing Through the Arts January 18, 2019 - 12:00 pm\n * Aretha Franklin, A Legacy Survivor Story August 27, 2018 - 4:05 pm\n * Silent Scars of Domestic Abuse August 25, 2018 - 12:52 pm\n * The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19 June 10, 2020 - 3:52 pm\n * A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19 June 5, 2020 - 3:36 pm\n * The Hotline Welcomes the Passage of the HEROES Act in the House, Urges Senate to Follow Suit May 26, 2020 - 7:36 pm\n * The Hotline Commends Passage of the CARES Act March 31, 2020 - 6:31 pm\n\n * Comments\n\n * My paraplegic son lives in fear and stays up all night especially on... September 5, 2013 - 4:43 pm by Lisa\n * Let me know if you helped the two first women, send me a... September 5, 2013 - 4:43 pm by Ella\n * Please send me a message to my email if you helped the two... September 5, 2013 - 4:43 pm by Emma\n * If someone help people here can you answer me. I want to know... September 5, 2013 - 4:43 pm by Laura\n\n### En Español\n\nEstamos en el proceso de traducir nuestra página de internet en español. Si\nnecesita información en español, por favor haga clic aquí.\n\nThis project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0426 from the Administration on\nChildren, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions\nand recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s)\nand do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children,\nYouth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of\nHealth and Human Services.\n\nThis website is funded in part through a grant from the Office for Victims of\nCrime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the\nU.S. Department of Justice nor any or its components operate, control, are\nresponsible for, or necessarily endorse, this website (including, without\nlimitations, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any\nservices or tools provided).\n\nExempted from federal income tax under the provisions of Section 501(c) (3) of\nthe Internal Revenue Code.\n\n© Copyright - National Domestic Violence Hotline | Privacy\n\nTrigger\n\nSafety Alert: Computer use can be monitored and is impossible to completely\nclear. If you are afraid your internet usage might be monitored, call the\nNational Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224.\nUsers of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google when clicking\nthe “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nClick to go back to top of page.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/getting-out-of-an-abusive-relationship.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201101014934/https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/getting-out-of-an-abusive-relationship.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Get Out of an Abusive Relationship", "passages": [ "Millions of readers rely on HelpGuide for free, evidence-based resources to understand and navigate mental health challenges. Please donate today to help us protect, support, and save lives.", "Why doesn’t she just leave? It’s the question many people ask when they learn that a woman is suffering battery and abuse. But if you are in an abusive relationship, you know that it’s not that simple. Ending a significant relationship is never easy. It’s even harder when you’ve been isolated from your family and friends, psychologically beaten down, financially controlled, and physically threatened.", "If you’re trying to decide whether to stay or leave, you may be feeling confused, uncertain, frightened, and torn. Maybe you’re still hoping that your situation will change or you’re afraid of how your partner will react if he discovers that you’re trying to leave. One moment, you may desperately want to get away, and the next, you may want to hang on to the relationship. Maybe you even blame yourself for the abuse or feel weak and embarrassed because you’ve stuck around in spite of it. Don’t be trapped by confusion, guilt, or self- blame. The only thing that matters is your safety.", "There are many resources available for abused and battered women, including crisis hotlines, shelters—even job training, legal services, and childcare. Start by reaching out today.", "As you face the decision to either end the abusive relationship or try to save it, keep the following things in mind:", "If you’re hoping your abusive partner will change... The abuse will probably keep happening. Abusers have deep emotional and psychological problems. While change is not impossible, it isn’t quick or easy. And change can only happen once your abuser takes full responsibility for his behavior, seeks professional treatment, and stops blaming you, his unhappy childhood, stress, work, his drinking, or his temper.", "If you believe you can help your abuser... It’s only natural that you want to help your partner. You may think you’re the only one who understands him or that it’s your responsibility to fix his problems. But the truth is that by staying and accepting repeated abuse, you’re reinforcing and enabling the behavior. Instead of helping your abuser, you’re perpetuating the problem.", "If your partner has promised to stop the abuse... When facing consequences, abusers often plead for another chance, beg for forgiveness, and promise to change. They may even mean what they say in the moment, but their true goal is to stay in control and keep you from leaving. Most of the time, they quickly return to their abusive behavior once you’ve forgiven them and they’re no longer worried that you’ll leave.", "If your partner is in counseling or a program for batterers... Even if your partner is in counseling, there is no guarantee that he’ll change. Many abusers who go through counseling continue to be violent, abusive, and controlling. If your partner has stopped minimizing the problem or making excuses, that’s a good sign. But you still need to make your decision based on who he is now, not the man you hope he will become.", "If you’re worried about what will happen if you leave... You may be afraid of what your abusive partner will do, where you’ll go, or how you’ll support yourself or your children. But don’t let fear of the unknown keep you in a dangerous, unhealthy situation.", "Whether or not you’re ready to leave your abuser, there are steps you can take to protect yourself. These safety tips may might the difference between being severely injured or killed and escaping with your life.", "Know your abuser’s red flags. Stay alert for signs and clues that your abuser is getting upset and may explode in anger or violence. Come up with several believable reasons you can use to leave the house (both during the day and at night) if you sense trouble brewing.", "Identify safe areas of the house. Know where to go if your abuser attacks or an argument starts. Avoid small, enclosed spaces without exits (such as closets or bathrooms) or rooms with weapons (such as the kitchen). If possible, head for a room with a phone and an outside door or window.", "Come up with a code word. Establish a word, phrase, or signal you can use to let your children, friends, neighbors, or co-workers know that you’re in danger and they should call the police.", "Be ready to leave at a moment’s notice. Keep the car fueled up and facing the driveway exit, with the driver’s door unlocked. Hide a spare car key where you can get to it quickly. Have emergency cash, clothing, and important phone numbers and documents stashed in a safe place (at a friend’s house, for example).", "Practice escaping quickly and safely. Rehearse your escape plan so you know exactly what to do if under attack from your abuser. If you have children, make sure they practice the escape plan also.", "Make and memorize a list of emergency contacts. Ask several trusted individuals if you can contact them if you need a ride, a place to stay, or help contacting the police. Memorize the numbers of your emergency contacts, local shelter, and domestic violence hotline.", "If you decide at this time to stay with your abusive partner, here are some coping mechanisms to improve your situation and to protect yourself and your children.", "Contact a domestic violence or sexual assault program in your area. They can provide emotional support, peer counseling, safe emergency housing, information, and other services whether you decide to stay or leave the relationship.", "Build as strong a support system as your partner will allow. Whenever possible, get involved with people and activities outside your home and encourage your children to do so.", "Be kind to yourself! Develop a positive way of looking at and talking to yourself. Use affirmations to counter the negative comments you get from the abuser. Carve out time for activities you enjoy.", "Abusers often monitor their partner’s activities, including their phone, computer, and Internet use. You may be afraid to leave or ask for help out of fear that your partner will retaliate if he finds out. However, there are precautions you can take to stay safe and keep your abuser from discovering what you’re planning.", "When seeking help for domestic violence and abuse, it’s important to cover your tracks, especially when you’re using the home phone, a smartphone, or a computer.", "Call from a friend’s or neighbor’s phone when seeking help for domestic violence, or use a public pay phone or a “burner phone.”", "Check your smartphone settings. There are smartphone apps your abuser can use to listen in on your calls, read your text messages, monitor your Internet usage, or track your location. Consider turning it off when not in use or leaving it behind when fleeing your abuser.", "Get a second cell phone. To keep your communication and movements private, consider purchasing a prepaid cell phone (“burner” phone) or another smartphone that your abuser doesn’t know about. Some domestic violence shelters offer free cell phones to battered women. Call your local hotline to find out more.", "Call collect or use your second cell phone. Remember that if you use your own home phone, the phone numbers that you call will be listed on the monthly bill that is sent to your home. Even if you’ve already left by the time the bill arrives, your abuser may be able to track you down by the phone numbers you’ve called for help.", "Use a safe computer. If you seek help online, you are safest if you use a computer outside of your home. While there are ways to delete your Internet history on a computer, tablet, or smartphone that your abuser has access to, this can be a red flag that you’re trying to hide something. Besides, unless you’re very technical, it can be almost impossible to clear all evidence of the websites that you’ve visited. Use a computer at work, the library, your local community center, a domestic violence shelter or agency, or borrow a smartphone from a friend.", "Change your user names and passwords. In case your abuser knows how to access your accounts, create new usernames and passwords for your email, IM, online banking, and other sensitive accounts. Even if you don’t think your abuser has your passwords, he may have guessed or used a spyware or keylogging program to get them. Choose passwords that your abuser can’t guess (avoid birthdays, nicknames, and other personal information).", "Your abuser doesn’t need to be tech savvy in order to use surveillance technology to monitor your movements and listen in on your conversations. Your abuser could be using:", "Hidden cameras, such as a “Nanny Cam,” covert security cameras, or even a baby monitor to check in on you.", "Global Positioning System (GPS) devices hidden in your car, purse, on your phone, or other objects you carry with you. Your abuser can also use your car’s GPS system to see where you’ve been.", "If you discover any tracking or recording devices or apps, leave them be until you’re ready to leave. While it may be tempting to remove them or shut them off, this will alert your abuser that you’re on to him.", "A domestic violence shelter or women’s shelter is a building or set of apartments where abused and battered women can go to seek refuge from their abusers. The location of the shelter is kept confidential in order to keep your abuser from finding you.", "Domestic violence shelters generally have room for both mothers and their children. The shelter will provide for all your basic living needs, including food and childcare. The length of time you can stay at the shelter is limited, but most shelters will also help you find a permanent home, job, and other things you need to start a new life. The shelter should also be able to refer you to other services for abused and battered women in your community, including:", "If you go to a domestic violence shelter or women’s refuge, you do not have to give identifying information about yourself, even if asked. While shelters take many measures to protect the women they house, giving a false name may help keep your abuser from finding you, particularly if you live in a small town.", "Keeping yourself safe from your abuser is just as important after you’ve left as before. To protect yourself, you may need to relocate so your former partner can’t find you. If you have children, they may need to switch schools.", "In the U.S., apply to your state’s address confidentiality program, a service that confidentially forwards your mail to your home.", "Cancel your old bank accounts and credit cards, especially if you shared them with your abuser. When you open new accounts, be sure to use a different bank.", "If you’re remaining in the same area, change up your routine. Take a new route to work, avoid places where your abuser might think to locate you, change any appointments he knows about, and find new places to shop and run errands. You should also keep a cell phone on you at all times and be ready to call your country’s emergency services number (911 in the U.S.) if you spot your former abuser.", "Consider getting a restraining order or protective order against your abusive partner. However, do not feel falsely secure with a restraining order. Your stalker or abuser may ignore it and the police may do nothing to enforce it.", "If you are the victim of stalking or abuse, you need to carefully research how restraining orders are enforced in your neighborhood. Find out if the abuser will just be given a citation or if he will actually be taken to jail. If the police simply talk to the violator or give a citation, your abuser may reason that the police will do nothing and feel empowered to pursue you further. Or your abuser may become angry and retaliate.", "The scars of domestic violence and abuse run deep. The trauma of what you’ve been through can stay with you long after you’ve escaped the abusive situation. You may struggle with upsetting emotions, frightening memories, or a sense of constant danger that you just can’t kick. Or you may feel numb, disconnected, and unable to trust other people. But counseling, therapy, and support groups for domestic abuse survivors can help you process what you’ve been through and learn how to build new and healthy relationships.", "After getting out of an abusive situation, you may be eager to jump into a new relationship and finally get the intimacy and support you’ve been missing. But it’s wise to go slow. Take the time to get to know yourself and to understand how you got into your previous abusive relationship. Without taking the time to heal and learn from the experience, you’re at risk of falling back into abuse.", "Safety when Preparing to Leave an Abuser – Guidelines for how to safely leave an abusive relationship. (Women’s Law Initiative)", "Internet Security – Gives detailed instructions on how to clear your computer’s Internet browser and email account from evidence of your efforts to find help for domestic abuse. (Women’s Law Initiative)", "In the U.S.: call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1-800-799-7233 (SAFE) or search Womenslaw.org’s state-by-state directory of domestic violence shelters and advocates.", "HELPGUIDEORG INTERNATIONAL is a tax-exempt 501(c)3 organization (ID #45-4510670). Our content does not constitute a medical or psychological consultation. See a certified medical or mental health professional for diagnosis. Learn more." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Get Out of an Abusive Relationship - HelpGuide.org\n\nHelpGuide is an independently funded nonprofit organization.\n\nDONATE NOW\n\nCoronavirus\n\nMeditations\n\n#### Mental Health\n\nAddiction\n\nADHD\n\nAnxiety\n\nBipolar Disorder\n\nDepression\n\nEating Disorders\n\nGrief & Loss\n\nPersonality Disorders\n\nPTSD & Trauma\n\nSchizophrenia\n\nStress\n\nSuicide Prevention\n\n#### Health & Wellness\n\nExercise & Fitness\n\nHealthy Eating\n\nIllness & Disability\n\nPets\n\nSleep\n\nStress\n\nWeight Loss\n\nWork & Career\n\nWell-being & Happiness\n\n#### Children & Family\n\nParenting Advice\n\nADHD\n\nAutism\n\nChildhood Issues\n\nLearning Disabilities\n\nTeen Issues\n\nFamily Caregiving\n\n#### Relationships\n\nCommunication\n\nEmotional Intelligence\n\nLove & Friendship\n\nDomestic Abuse\n\n#### Aging\n\nHealthy Aging\n\nAging Issues\n\nAlzheimer’s Disease & Dementia\n\nSenior Housing\n\nFamily Caregiving\n\nEnd of Life\n\n#### More\n\nAbout Us\n\nOur Story\n\nJeanne Segal, Ph.D.\n\nNewsletter\n\nHarvard\n\nContact Us\n\nDonate\n\n#### Help us help others\n\nMillions of readers rely on HelpGuide for free, evidence-based resources to\nunderstand and navigate mental health challenges. Please donate today to help\nus protect, support, and save lives.\n\nDonate\n\ndomestic abuse\n\n# How to Get Out of an Abusive Relationship\n\n## Getting out of an abusive relationship isn’t easy, but you deserve to live\nfree of fear. Here’s how to find help for abused and battered women.\n\n## If you’re in an abusive relationship\n\nWhy doesn’t she just leave? It’s the question many people ask when they learn\nthat a woman is suffering battery and abuse. But if you are in an abusive\nrelationship, you know that it’s not that simple. Ending a significant\nrelationship is never easy. It’s even harder when you’ve been isolated from\nyour family and friends, psychologically beaten down, financially controlled,\nand physically threatened.\n\nIf you’re trying to decide whether to stay or leave, you may be feeling\nconfused, uncertain, frightened, and torn. Maybe you’re still hoping that your\nsituation will change or you’re afraid of how your partner will react if he\ndiscovers that you’re trying to leave. One moment, you may desperately want to\nget away, and the next, you may want to hang on to the relationship. Maybe you\neven blame yourself for the abuse or feel weak and embarrassed because you’ve\nstuck around in spite of it. Don’t be trapped by confusion, guilt, or self-\nblame. The only thing that matters is your safety.\n\nIf you are being abused, remember:\n\n * You are not to blame for being battered or mistreated.\n * You are not the cause of your partner’s abusive behavior.\n * You deserve to be treated with respect.\n * You deserve a safe and happy life.\n * Your children deserve a safe and happy life.\n * You are not alone. There are people waiting to help.\n\nThere are many resources available for abused and battered women, including\ncrisis hotlines, shelters—even job training, legal services, and childcare.\nStart by reaching out today.\n\n#### If you need immediate assistance, call your country’s emergency services\nnumber (911 in the U.S.)\n\nFor domestic violence helplines and shelters, click here.\n\nIf you’re a man in an abusive relationship, read Help for Men Who are Being\nAbused.\n\n## Making the decision to leave an abusive relationship\n\nAs you face the decision to either end the abusive relationship or try to save\nit, keep the following things in mind:\n\nIf you’re hoping your abusive partner will change... The abuse will probably\nkeep happening. Abusers have deep emotional and psychological problems. While\nchange is not impossible, it isn’t quick or easy. And change can only happen\nonce your abuser takes full responsibility for his behavior, seeks\nprofessional treatment, and stops blaming you, his unhappy childhood, stress,\nwork, his drinking, or his temper.\n\nIf you believe you can help your abuser... It’s only natural that you want to\nhelp your partner. You may think you’re the only one who understands him or\nthat it’s your responsibility to fix his problems. But the truth is that by\nstaying and accepting repeated abuse, you’re reinforcing and enabling the\nbehavior. Instead of helping your abuser, you’re perpetuating the problem.\n\nIf your partner has promised to stop the abuse... When facing consequences,\nabusers often plead for another chance, beg for forgiveness, and promise to\nchange. They may even mean what they say in the moment, but their true goal is\nto stay in control and keep you from leaving. Most of the time, they quickly\nreturn to their abusive behavior once you’ve forgiven them and they’re no\nlonger worried that you’ll leave.\n\nIf your partner is in counseling or a program for batterers... Even if your\npartner is in counseling, there is no guarantee that he’ll change. Many\nabusers who go through counseling continue to be violent, abusive, and\ncontrolling. If your partner has stopped minimizing the problem or making\nexcuses, that’s a good sign. But you still need to make your decision based on\nwho he is now, not the man you hope he will become.\n\nIf you’re worried about what will happen if you leave... You may be afraid of\nwhat your abusive partner will do, where you’ll go, or how you’ll support\nyourself or your children. But don’t let fear of the unknown keep you in a\ndangerous, unhealthy situation.\n\n#### Signs that your abuser is NOT changing:\n\n * He minimizes the abuse or denies how serious it really was.\n * He continues to blame others for his behavior.\n * He claims that you’re the one who is abusive.\n * He pressures you to go to couple’s counseling.\n * He tells you that you owe him another chance.\n * You have to push him to stay in treatment.\n * He says that he can’t change unless you stay with him and support him.\n * He tries to get sympathy from you, your children, or your family and friends.\n * He expects something from you in exchange for getting help.\n * He pressures you to make decisions about the relationship.\n\n## Safety planning for abused women\n\nWhether or not you’re ready to leave your abuser, there are steps you can take\nto protect yourself. These safety tips may might the difference between being\nseverely injured or killed and escaping with your life.\n\nKnow your abuser’s red flags. Stay alert for signs and clues that your abuser\nis getting upset and may explode in anger or violence. Come up with several\nbelievable reasons you can use to leave the house (both during the day and at\nnight) if you sense trouble brewing.\n\nIdentify safe areas of the house. Know where to go if your abuser attacks or\nan argument starts. Avoid small, enclosed spaces without exits (such as\nclosets or bathrooms) or rooms with weapons (such as the kitchen). If\npossible, head for a room with a phone and an outside door or window.\n\nCome up with a code word. Establish a word, phrase, or signal you can use to\nlet your children, friends, neighbors, or co-workers know that you’re in\ndanger and they should call the police.\n\n### Make an escape plan\n\nBe ready to leave at a moment’s notice. Keep the car fueled up and facing the\ndriveway exit, with the driver’s door unlocked. Hide a spare car key where you\ncan get to it quickly. Have emergency cash, clothing, and important phone\nnumbers and documents stashed in a safe place (at a friend’s house, for\nexample).\n\nPractice escaping quickly and safely. Rehearse your escape plan so you know\nexactly what to do if under attack from your abuser. If you have children,\nmake sure they practice the escape plan also.\n\nMake and memorize a list of emergency contacts. Ask several trusted\nindividuals if you can contact them if you need a ride, a place to stay, or\nhelp contacting the police. Memorize the numbers of your emergency contacts,\nlocal shelter, and domestic violence hotline.\n\n#### If you stay\n\nIf you decide at this time to stay with your abusive partner, here are some\ncoping mechanisms to improve your situation and to protect yourself and your\nchildren.\n\n * Contact a domestic violence or sexual assault program in your area. They can provide emotional support, peer counseling, safe emergency housing, information, and other services whether you decide to stay or leave the relationship.\n * Build as strong a support system as your partner will allow. Whenever possible, get involved with people and activities outside your home and encourage your children to do so.\n * Be kind to yourself! Develop a positive way of looking at and talking to yourself. Use affirmations to counter the negative comments you get from the abuser. Carve out time for activities you enjoy.\n\nSource: Breaking the Silence Handbook\n\n## Protecting your privacy\n\nAbusers often monitor their partner’s activities, including their phone,\ncomputer, and Internet use. You may be afraid to leave or ask for help out of\nfear that your partner will retaliate if he finds out. However, there are\nprecautions you can take to stay safe and keep your abuser from discovering\nwhat you’re planning.\n\nWhen seeking help for domestic violence and abuse, it’s important to cover\nyour tracks, especially when you’re using the home phone, a smartphone, or a\ncomputer.\n\nCall from a friend’s or neighbor’s phone when seeking help for domestic\nviolence, or use a public pay phone or a “burner phone.”\n\nCheck your smartphone settings. There are smartphone apps your abuser can use\nto listen in on your calls, read your text messages, monitor your Internet\nusage, or track your location. Consider turning it off when not in use or\nleaving it behind when fleeing your abuser.\n\nGet a second cell phone. To keep your communication and movements private,\nconsider purchasing a prepaid cell phone (“burner” phone) or another\nsmartphone that your abuser doesn’t know about. Some domestic violence\nshelters offer free cell phones to battered women. Call your local hotline to\nfind out more.\n\nCall collect or use your second cell phone. Remember that if you use your own\nhome phone, the phone numbers that you call will be listed on the monthly bill\nthat is sent to your home. Even if you’ve already left by the time the bill\narrives, your abuser may be able to track you down by the phone numbers you’ve\ncalled for help.\n\nUse a safe computer. If you seek help online, you are safest if you use a\ncomputer outside of your home. While there are ways to delete your Internet\nhistory on a computer, tablet, or smartphone that your abuser has access to,\nthis can be a red flag that you’re trying to hide something. Besides, unless\nyou’re very technical, it can be almost impossible to clear all evidence of\nthe websites that you’ve visited. Use a computer at work, the library, your\nlocal community center, a domestic violence shelter or agency, or borrow a\nsmartphone from a friend.\n\nChange your user names and passwords. In case your abuser knows how to access\nyour accounts, create new usernames and passwords for your email, IM, online\nbanking, and other sensitive accounts. Even if you don’t think your abuser has\nyour passwords, he may have guessed or used a spyware or keylogging program to\nget them. Choose passwords that your abuser can’t guess (avoid birthdays,\nnicknames, and other personal information).\n\n#### Protecting yourself from surveillance and recording devices\n\nYour abuser doesn’t need to be tech savvy in order to use surveillance\ntechnology to monitor your movements and listen in on your conversations. Your\nabuser could be using:\n\nHidden cameras, such as a “Nanny Cam,” covert security cameras, or even a baby\nmonitor to check in on you.\n\nSmartphone apps that can enable your abuser to monitor your phone usage or\ntrack your movements.\n\nGlobal Positioning System (GPS) devices hidden in your car, purse, on your\nphone, or other objects you carry with you. Your abuser can also use your\ncar’s GPS system to see where you’ve been.\n\nIf you discover any tracking or recording devices or apps, leave them be until\nyou’re ready to leave. While it may be tempting to remove them or shut them\noff, this will alert your abuser that you’re on to him.\n\n## Domestic violence shelters\n\nA domestic violence shelter or women’s shelter is a building or set of\napartments where abused and battered women can go to seek refuge from their\nabusers. The location of the shelter is kept confidential in order to keep\nyour abuser from finding you.\n\nDomestic violence shelters generally have room for both mothers and their\nchildren. The shelter will provide for all your basic living needs, including\nfood and childcare. The length of time you can stay at the shelter is limited,\nbut most shelters will also help you find a permanent home, job, and other\nthings you need to start a new life. The shelter should also be able to refer\nyou to other services for abused and battered women in your community,\nincluding:\n\n * Legal help\n * Counseling\n * Support groups\n * Services for your children\n\n * Employment programs\n * Health-related services\n * Educational opportunities\n * Financial assistance\n\nIf you go to a domestic violence shelter or women’s refuge, you do not have to\ngive identifying information about yourself, even if asked. While shelters\ntake many measures to protect the women they house, giving a false name may\nhelp keep your abuser from finding you, particularly if you live in a small\ntown.\n\n## Protecting yourself after you’ve left\n\nKeeping yourself safe from your abuser is just as important after you’ve left\nas before. To protect yourself, you may need to relocate so your former\npartner can’t find you. If you have children, they may need to switch schools.\n\n### To keep your new location a secret:\n\n * Get a prepaid mobile (“burner”) phone or an unlisted landline.\n * Use a post office box rather than your home address.\n * In the U.S., apply to your state’s address confidentiality program, a service that confidentially forwards your mail to your home.\n * Cancel your old bank accounts and credit cards, especially if you shared them with your abuser. When you open new accounts, be sure to use a different bank.\n\nIf you’re remaining in the same area, change up your routine. Take a new route\nto work, avoid places where your abuser might think to locate you, change any\nappointments he knows about, and find new places to shop and run errands. You\nshould also keep a cell phone on you at all times and be ready to call your\ncountry’s emergency services number (911 in the U.S.) if you spot your former\nabuser.\n\nConsider getting a restraining order or protective order against your abusive\npartner. However, do not feel falsely secure with a restraining order. Your\nstalker or abuser may ignore it and the police may do nothing to enforce it.\n\nIf you are the victim of stalking or abuse, you need to carefully research how\nrestraining orders are enforced in your neighborhood. Find out if the abuser\nwill just be given a citation or if he will actually be taken to jail. If the\npolice simply talk to the violator or give a citation, your abuser may reason\nthat the police will do nothing and feel empowered to pursue you further. Or\nyour abuser may become angry and retaliate.\n\n## Taking steps to heal and move on\n\nThe scars of domestic violence and abuse run deep. The trauma of what you’ve\nbeen through can stay with you long after you’ve escaped the abusive\nsituation. You may struggle with upsetting emotions, frightening memories, or\na sense of constant danger that you just can’t kick. Or you may feel numb,\ndisconnected, and unable to trust other people. But counseling, therapy, and\nsupport groups for domestic abuse survivors can help you process what you’ve\nbeen through and learn how to build new and healthy relationships.\n\n#### Building healthy new relationships\n\nAfter getting out of an abusive situation, you may be eager to jump into a new\nrelationship and finally get the intimacy and support you’ve been missing. But\nit’s wise to go slow. Take the time to get to know yourself and to understand\nhow you got into your previous abusive relationship. Without taking the time\nto heal and learn from the experience, you’re at risk of falling back into\nabuse.\n\n#### Get more help\n\nDomestic Violence: Finding Safety & Support (PDF) – Guide for abused and\nbattered women. (New York State Office for the Prevention of Domestic\nViolence)\n\nSafety when Preparing to Leave an Abuser – Guidelines for how to safely leave\nan abusive relationship. (Women’s Law Initiative)\n\nInternet Security – Gives detailed instructions on how to clear your\ncomputer’s Internet browser and email account from evidence of your efforts to\nfind help for domestic abuse. (Women’s Law Initiative)\n\nHotlines and support\n\nCall 911 or your country’s emergency service number if you need immediate\nassistance or have already been hurt.\n\nIn the U.S.: call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1-800-799-7233\n(SAFE) or search Womenslaw.org’s state-by-state directory of domestic violence\nshelters and advocates.\n\nUK: call Women’s Aid at 0808 2000 247.\n\nAustralia: call 1800RESPECT at 1800 737 732.\n\nAuthors: Melinda Smith, M.A. and Jeanne Segal, Ph.D. Last updated: September\n2020.\n\nPrint PDF\n\n### Read More\n\n * Domestic Violence and Abuse\n * Help for Men Who Are Being Abused\n * Emotional and Psychological Trauma\n * Finding a Therapist Who Can Help You Heal\n\n### Read More\n\n * Domestic Violence and Abuse\n * Help for Men Who Are Being Abused\n * Emotional and Psychological Trauma\n * Finding a Therapist Who Can Help You Heal\n\nAbout Us\n\nContact Us\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\nTerms of Use\n\nHELPGUIDEORG INTERNATIONAL is a tax-exempt 501(c)3 organization (ID\n#45-4510670). Our content does not constitute a medical or psychological\nconsultation. See a certified medical or mental health professional for\ndiagnosis. Learn more.\n\n© 1999-2020 HelpGuide.org. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.thehotline.org/2014/07/22/men-can-be-victims-of-abuse-too/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200809171455/https://www.thehotline.org/2014/07/22/men-can-be-victims-of-abuse-too/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Men Can Be Victims of Abuse, Too", "passages": [ "Tip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the bottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge web browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website after hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.", "At the Hotline, we know that domestic violence can affect anyone – including men. According to the CDC, one in seven men age 18+ in the U.S. has been the victim of severe physical violence by an intimate partner in his lifetime. One in 10 men has experienced rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner. In 2013, 13% of documented contacts to the Hotline identified themselves as male victims. Although they make up a smaller percentage of callers to the Hotline, there are likely many more men who do not report or seek help for their abuse, for a variety of reasons:", "Men are socialized not to express their feelings or see themselves as victims. Our culture still clings to narrow definitions of gender (although there are signs that this is slowly shifting). Young boys are taught not to express their emotions, to “suck it up” and “be a man.” Tony Porter calls this the “man box” in his well-known TED talk. This can be extremely detrimental to boys as they age, especially if they find themselves in an abusive relationship. Men may feel discouraged to talk about what’s going on in their personal lives, or they feel like no one will believe them. They may not even realize that they are being abused, or they might assume they should just deal with the abuse on their own.", "Pervading beliefs or stereotypes about men being abusers, women being victims. The majority of domestic violence stories covered by the media are about male perpetrators and female victims who are typically in heterosexual relationships. While we certainly don’t want to minimize this violence, focusing on only one type of situation renders invisible the many scenarios that do not fit this definition, including abusive relationships among homosexual, bisexual, and trans* men. This might make many victims feel like they don’t have the space or the support to speak out about their own experiences and seek help.", "The abuse of men is often treated as less serious, or a “joke.” We’ve seen this in action recently with the elevator footage of Solange Knowles attacking Jay-Z. When a man is abused, many people don’t take it as seriously (in part due to the previous two reasons we’ve mentioned). The truth is, abuse is not a joke, in any situation, between any two people. All victims deserve support and resources to help them feel safe.", "Many believe there are no resources or support available for male victims. It can seem like the majority of shelters and services for domestic violence victims are women-focused. However, services for male victims do exist. Most federal funding sources require that domestic violence services be provided to all victims of abuse. Our advocates can provide information, assist with safety planning, and/or find local resources, if available. They can also help brainstorm alternative options if local programs are not meeting the requirements for male victims, including who a caller may be able to contact if they believe they have experienced discrimination.", "No matter what your situation is, the Hotline is here to help, confidentially and without judgment. Please give us a call anytime, or chat online with us 24/7/365.", "Safe Place in Austin, TX provides services and shelter for male victims of sexual assault and domestic violence. We can help you locate shelters in your area, where available.", "My paraplegic son lives in fear and stays up all night especially on... July 22, 2014 - 2:42 pm by Lisa", "Let me know if you helped the two first women, send me a... July 22, 2014 - 2:42 pm by Ella", "Please send me a message to my email if you helped the two... July 22, 2014 - 2:42 pm by Emma", "If someone help people here can you answer me. I want to know... July 22, 2014 - 2:42 pm by Laura", "Estamos en el proceso de traducir nuestra página de internet en español. Si necesita información en español, por favor haga clic aquí.", "This project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0426 from the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.", "This website is funded in part through a grant from the Office for Victims of Crime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the U.S. Department of Justice nor any or its components operate, control, are responsible for, or necessarily endorse, this website (including, without limitations, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any services or tools provided).", "Safety Alert: Computer use can be monitored and is impossible to completely clear. If you are afraid your internet usage might be monitored, call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224. Users of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google when clicking the “X” or “Escape” button." ] }, "parsed_md": "Men Can Be Victims of Abuse, Too - The Hotline\n\nSkip to content\n\nTip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the\nbottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge\nweb browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website\nafter hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nThe National Domestic Violence Hotline\n\nMen Can Be Victims of Abuse, Too\n\nYou are here:\n\n * Home\n\n/\n\n * Blog\n\n/\n\n * Men Can Be Victims of Abuse, Too\n\n# Men Can Be Victims of Abuse, Too\n\nJuly 22, 2014April 12, 2019 / 0 Comments / in Get Help Today, The Hotline\n\nAt the Hotline, we know that domestic violence can affect anyone – including\nmen. According to the CDC, one in seven men age 18+ in the U.S. has been the\nvictim of severe physical violence by an intimate partner in his lifetime. One\nin 10 men has experienced rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an\nintimate partner. In 2013, 13% of documented contacts to the Hotline\nidentified themselves as male victims. Although they make up a smaller\npercentage of callers to the Hotline, there are likely many more men who do\nnot report or seek help for their abuse, for a variety of reasons:\n\nMen are socialized not to express their feelings or see themselves as victims.\nOur culture still clings to narrow definitions of gender (although there are\nsigns that this is slowly shifting). Young boys are taught not to express\ntheir emotions, to “suck it up” and “be a man.” Tony Porter calls this the\n“man box” in his well-known TED talk. This can be extremely detrimental to\nboys as they age, especially if they find themselves in an abusive\nrelationship. Men may feel discouraged to talk about what’s going on in their\npersonal lives, or they feel like no one will believe them. They may not even\nrealize that they are being abused, or they might assume they should just deal\nwith the abuse on their own.\n\nPervading beliefs or stereotypes about men being abusers, women being victims.\nThe majority of domestic violence stories covered by the media are about male\nperpetrators and female victims who are typically in heterosexual\nrelationships. While we certainly don’t want to minimize this violence,\nfocusing on only one type of situation renders invisible the many scenarios\nthat do not fit this definition, including abusive relationships among\nhomosexual, bisexual, and trans* men. This might make many victims feel like\nthey don’t have the space or the support to speak out about their own\nexperiences and seek help.\n\nThe abuse of men is often treated as less serious, or a “joke.” We’ve seen\nthis in action recently with the elevator footage of Solange Knowles attacking\nJay-Z. When a man is abused, many people don’t take it as seriously (in part\ndue to the previous two reasons we’ve mentioned). The truth is, abuse is not a\njoke, in any situation, between any two people. All victims deserve support\nand resources to help them feel safe.\n\nMany believe there are no resources or support available for male victims. It\ncan seem like the majority of shelters and services for domestic violence\nvictims are women-focused. However, services for male victims do exist. Most\nfederal funding sources require that domestic violence services be provided to\nall victims of abuse. Our advocates can provide information, assist with\nsafety planning, and/or find local resources, if available. They can also help\nbrainstorm alternative options if local programs are not meeting the\nrequirements for male victims, including who a caller may be able to contact\nif they believe they have experienced discrimination.\n\nNo matter what your situation is, the Hotline is here to help, confidentially\nand without judgment. Please give us a call anytime, or chat online with us\n24/7/365.\n\nA Few Resources for Men:\n\n * Male Survivor provides resources to male survivors of sexual trauma\n * Safe Place in Austin, TX provides services and shelter for male victims of sexual assault and domestic violence. We can help you locate shelters in your area, where available.\n * Center Against Domestic Violence, based in New York City, offers information and support for male victims\n * Helpguide.org: Help for Abused Men\n * Lambda’s Anti-Violence Project provides support and resources to LGBTQ victims of violence\n\nTags: abuse, domestic violence, male victims, ManUp, men, resources,\nstereotypes\n\n## Share this entry\n\n * Share on Facebook\n * Share on Twitter\n * Share on Google Plus\n * Share on Pinterest\n * Share on LinkedIn\n * Share to Tumblr\n * Share to Reddit\n * Share by email\n\nYou might also like:\n\n The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19\n A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19\n Staying Safe During COVID-19\n A Deeper Look Into Gaslighting\n Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline\n The What, Why, and How of DVAM\n Statement by Katie Ray-Jones, CEO of the National Domestic Violence Hotline on Mass Violence in Dayton and El Paso\n Statement from Katie Ray-Jones: Introduction of FVPSA 2019\n\nMan-To-Man: Talking About Sexism and Domestic Violence\n\nWhy We Don’t Recommend Couples Counseling for Abusive Relationships\n\n## Sidebar\n\n * Archive\n * Domestic Violence on TV\n * DVAM Blog Posts\n * Get Help Today\n * Healthy Love\n * Offering Support\n * Survivor Series\n\nTweets by thehotline\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19\n * A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19\n * The Hotline Welcomes the Passage of the HEROES Act in the House, Urges Senate to Follow Suit\n * The Hotline Commends Passage of the CARES Act\n * Staying Safe During COVID-19\n\n## Footer\n\nNational Domestic Violence Hotline PO Box 90249 Austin, Texas 78709 Office\nLine: 512-453-8117\n\n * Popular\n\n * Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline October 9, 2019 - 10:54 pm\n * A Closer Look at A Star is Born February 21, 2019 - 9:00 am\n * “How Can I Talk to My Abuser?” February 5, 2019 - 6:22 pm\n * Stalking Safety Planning January 25, 2019 - 12:50 pm\n * Healing Through the Arts January 18, 2019 - 12:00 pm\n * Aretha Franklin, A Legacy Survivor Story August 27, 2018 - 4:05 pm\n * Silent Scars of Domestic Abuse August 25, 2018 - 12:52 pm\n * Finding Closure After Abuse May 14, 2013 - 5:27 pm\n * Pregnancy and Abuse: How to Stay Safe for Your 9 Months July 23, 2013 - 9:00 am\n * When Your Partner Threatens Suicide August 21, 2014 - 9:00 am\n * When Money Becomes a Form of Power and Control July 9, 2013 - 6:30 pm\n\n * Recent\n\n * Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline October 9, 2019 - 10:54 pm\n * A Closer Look at A Star is Born February 21, 2019 - 9:00 am\n * “How Can I Talk to My Abuser?” February 5, 2019 - 6:22 pm\n * Stalking Safety Planning January 25, 2019 - 12:50 pm\n * Healing Through the Arts January 18, 2019 - 12:00 pm\n * Aretha Franklin, A Legacy Survivor Story August 27, 2018 - 4:05 pm\n * Silent Scars of Domestic Abuse August 25, 2018 - 12:52 pm\n * The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19 June 10, 2020 - 3:52 pm\n * A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19 June 5, 2020 - 3:36 pm\n * The Hotline Welcomes the Passage of the HEROES Act in the House, Urges Senate to Follow Suit May 26, 2020 - 7:36 pm\n * The Hotline Commends Passage of the CARES Act March 31, 2020 - 6:31 pm\n\n * Comments\n\n * My paraplegic son lives in fear and stays up all night especially on... July 22, 2014 - 2:42 pm by Lisa\n * Let me know if you helped the two first women, send me a... July 22, 2014 - 2:42 pm by Ella\n * Please send me a message to my email if you helped the two... July 22, 2014 - 2:42 pm by Emma\n * If someone help people here can you answer me. I want to know... July 22, 2014 - 2:42 pm by Laura\n\n### En Español\n\nEstamos en el proceso de traducir nuestra página de internet en español. Si\nnecesita información en español, por favor haga clic aquí.\n\nThis project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0426 from the Administration on\nChildren, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions\nand recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s)\nand do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children,\nYouth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of\nHealth and Human Services.\n\nThis website is funded in part through a grant from the Office for Victims of\nCrime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the\nU.S. Department of Justice nor any or its components operate, control, are\nresponsible for, or necessarily endorse, this website (including, without\nlimitations, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any\nservices or tools provided).\n\nExempted from federal income tax under the provisions of Section 501(c) (3) of\nthe Internal Revenue Code.\n\n© Copyright - National Domestic Violence Hotline | Privacy\n\nTrigger\n\nSafety Alert: Computer use can be monitored and is impossible to completely\nclear. If you are afraid your internet usage might be monitored, call the\nNational Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224.\nUsers of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google when clicking\nthe “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nClick to go back to top of page.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.thehotline.org/help/help-for-friends-and-family/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200928130230/https://www.thehotline.org/help/help-for-friends-and-family/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Help for Friends and Family", "passages": [ "Tip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the bottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge web browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website after hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.", "If someone you love is being abused, it can be so difficult to know what to do. Your instinct may be to “save” them from the relationship, but it’s not that easy. After all, there are many reasons why people stay in abusive relationships, and leaving can be a very dangerous time for a victim.", "Abuse is about power and control, so one of the most important ways you can help a person in an abusive relationship is to consider how you might empower them to make their own decisions. Additionally, you can offer support in various ways", "Let them know that the abuse is not their fault. Reassure them that they are not alone and that there is help and support out there. It may be difficult for them to talk about the abuse. Let them know that you are available to help whenever they may need it. What they need most is someone who will believe and listen.", "Respect your friend or family member’s decisions. There are many reasons why victims stay in abusive relationships. They may leave and return to the relationship many times. Do not criticize their decisions or try to guilt them. They will need your support even more during those times.", "Even though the relationship was abusive, your friend or family member may still feel sad and lonely once it is over. They will need time to mourn the loss of the relationship and will especially need your support at that time.", "Support is critical and the more they feel supported by people who care for them, the easier it will be for them to take the steps necessary to get and stay safe away from their abusive partner. Remember that you can call the hotline to find local support groups and information on staying safe.", "Check out our information on creating a safety plan for wherever they are in their relationship — whether they’re choosing to stay, preparing to leave, or have already left.", "Find a local domestic violence agency that provides counseling or support groups. Call us at 1-800-799-SAFE (7233) to get a referral to one of these programs near you. Offer to go with them. If they have to go to the police, court or lawyer’s office, offer to go along for moral support.", "Although it is difficult to see someone you care about get hurt, ultimately they are the one who has to make the decisions about what they want to do. It’s important for you to support them no matter what they decide, and help them find a way to safety and peace.", "Accept what your child is telling you, listen and be supportive. Even when you don’t understand or agree with their decisions, try not to judge them. It can make them feel worse.", "Don’t post information about them on social networking sites. Never use sites like Facebook or foursquare to reveal their current location or where they hang out. It’s possible their partner will use your post to find them. Brush up on your knowledge of digital safety.", "Allow them to make up their own mind. Leaving an unhealthy or abusive relationship may be difficult and even dangerous. Avoid blaming or belittling comments. Abusive partners usually put down their victims regularly, so your loved one’s self-esteem may already be low.", "Even though helping can be frustrating, don’t give up. More than anything, they need to know they can trust you and rely on you.", "Don’t prevent them from seeing their abusive partner. This can cause them to feel as if they need to keep secrets from you, as well as feel as if decision-making is being taken away from them.", "It may be helpful to direct teens to resources where they can talk about their situation anonymously and confidentially. Loveisrespect, a project of the National Domestic Violence Hotline, is available 24/7 to empower young people to prevent and end abusive relationships", "Teens can call 1-866-331-9474 (or for Deaf/hearing impaired individuals: 1-866-331-8453 TTY or video phone 1-855-812-1001, chat live at loveisrespect.org or text “loveis” to 22522 to speak with a trained peer advocate about healthy, unhealthy or abusive dating relationships.", "Teens can find information on what a healthy dating relationship is, how to communicate better and tips for dealing with unhealthy or abusive relationships.", "Parents, friends and teachers can also get information on abuse and learn how to help a teen they know who might be in an abusive relationship.", "If someone is experiencing abuse at home, the effects of the abuse are likely to carry over into the work environment as well. You may notice changes in their behavior at work that could indicate that something is wrong. For instance:", "Follow your instinct and if you feel like you should talk to them about what might be going on, do so. The worst that could happen is that they don’t want to talk – and even then, they at least know that you care.", "Be sure to approach them in a confidential manner, at a time and place without interruptions. When bringing up the topic of domestic violence with your coworker, remember to be nonjudgmental. They may be embarrassed by the situation, and you might be the first person they are telling.", "Consider starting with a simple comment and question like, “You seem a bit preoccupied and stressed. Do you want to talk about it?” Give them the space to share what they want to share with you. Don’t pressure them.", "If your coworker does open up to you about the abuse, listen to what they have to say. Your role is not to fix the problem for them – sometimes, listening can be the most helpful. You might want to pass along some information to them. If it feels appropriate, pass on the number of The Hotline.", "If your coworker gives you permission, you can help them document the instances of domestic violence in their life. Take pictures of injuries, write down exact transcripts of interactions, make notes on a calendar of the dates that things happen. Documenting the abuse might help the victim to obtain legal aid later on.", "If your coworker has been open with you about their situation, you can help them learn about their rights. Women’s Law is an excellent resource for information on domestic violence laws and procedures. Browsing this website with your coworker or giving them the link can provide them with crucial information.", "Introduce them to the security guard, or volunteer to meet the security guard with them if they’d like help. Keeping a security guard at the office in the loop can help deter your coworker’s abuser from stopping by, make sure your coworker is escorted safely to and from the office space, and more.", "Ask if they’d like to create a safety plan for their work environment. Ask what they would like you to do if their partner should call or stop by the office. If you’re having trouble coming up with a safety plan on your own, call The Hotline for assistance.", "Above all, remember that just supporting your coworker no matter what can make a difference. Respect their decisions – you may not know all of the factors involved. Your coworker may not do what you want or expect them to do. Instead of focusing on being the one to solve the problem for them, focus on being supportive and trustworthy in their time of need.", "My paraplegic son lives in fear and stays up all night especially on... September 12, 2013 - 5:26 pm by Lisa", "Let me know if you helped the two first women, send me a... September 12, 2013 - 5:26 pm by Ella", "Please send me a message to my email if you helped the two... September 12, 2013 - 5:26 pm by Emma", "If someone help people here can you answer me. I want to know... September 12, 2013 - 5:26 pm by Laura", "Estamos en el proceso de traducir nuestra página de internet en español. Si necesita información en español, por favor haga clic aquí.", "This project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0426 from the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.", "This website is funded in part through a grant from the Office for Victims of Crime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the U.S. Department of Justice nor any or its components operate, control, are responsible for, or necessarily endorse, this website (including, without limitations, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any services or tools provided).", "Safety Alert: Computer use can be monitored and is impossible to completely clear. If you are afraid your internet usage might be monitored, call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224. Users of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google when clicking the “X” or “Escape” button." ] }, "parsed_md": "Help for Friends and Family | The National Domestic Violence Hotline\n\nSkip to content\n\nTip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the\nbottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge\nweb browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website\nafter hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nThe National Domestic Violence Hotline\n\n# Help for Friends and Family\n\nYou are here:\n\n * Home\n\n/\n\n * Get Help\n\n/\n\n * Help for Friends and Family\n\n#### Help a Friend or Family Member\n\nAre you concerned that someone you care about is experiencing abuse? Maybe\nyou’ve noticed some warning signs, including:\n\n * Their partner puts them down in front of other people\n * They are constantly worried about making their partner angry\n * They make excuses for their partner’s behavior\n * Their partner is extremely jealous or possessive\n * They have unexplained marks or injuries\n * They’ve stopped spending time with friends and family\n * They are depressed or anxious, or you notice changes in their personality\n\nIf someone you love is being abused, it can be so difficult to know what to\ndo. Your instinct may be to “save” them from the relationship, but it’s not\nthat easy. After all, there are many reasons why people stay in abusive\nrelationships, and leaving can be a very dangerous time for a victim.\n\nAbuse is about power and control, so one of the most important ways you can\nhelp a person in an abusive relationship is to consider how you might empower\nthem to make their own decisions. Additionally, you can offer support in\nvarious ways\n\nAcknowledge that they are in a very difficult and scary situation, be\nsupportive and listen\n\nLet them know that the abuse is not their fault. Reassure them that they are\nnot alone and that there is help and support out there. It may be difficult\nfor them to talk about the abuse. Let them know that you are available to help\nwhenever they may need it. What they need most is someone who will believe and\nlisten.\n\nBe non-judgmental\n\nRespect your friend or family member’s decisions. There are many reasons why\nvictims stay in abusive relationships. They may leave and return to the\nrelationship many times. Do not criticize their decisions or try to guilt\nthem. They will need your support even more during those times.\n\nIf they end that relationship, continue to be supportive of them\n\nEven though the relationship was abusive, your friend or family member may\nstill feel sad and lonely once it is over. They will need time to mourn the\nloss of the relationship and will especially need your support at that time.\n\nEncourage them to participate in activities outside of the relationship with\nfriends and family\n\nSupport is critical and the more they feel supported by people who care for\nthem, the easier it will be for them to take the steps necessary to get and\nstay safe away from their abusive partner. Remember that you can call the\nhotline to find local support groups and information on staying safe.\n\nHelp them develop a safety plan\n\nCheck out our information on creating a safety plan for wherever they are in\ntheir relationship — whether they’re choosing to stay, preparing to leave, or\nhave already left.\n\nEncourage them to talk to people who can provide help and guidance\n\nFind a local domestic violence agency that provides counseling or support\ngroups. Call us at 1-800-799-SAFE (7233) to get a referral to one of these\nprograms near you. Offer to go with them. If they have to go to the police,\ncourt or lawyer’s office, offer to go along for moral support.\n\nRemember that you cannot ‘rescue’ them\n\nAlthough it is difficult to see someone you care about get hurt, ultimately\nthey are the one who has to make the decisions about what they want to do.\nIt’s important for you to support them no matter what they decide, and help\nthem find a way to safety and peace.\n\nHelping Your Teen\n\nImportant points to remember when helping your teen are:\n\n * Accept what your child is telling you, listen and be supportive. Even when you don’t understand or agree with their decisions, try not to judge them. It can make them feel worse.\n * Don’t post information about them on social networking sites. Never use sites like Facebook or foursquare to reveal their current location or where they hang out. It’s possible their partner will use your post to find them. Brush up on your knowledge of digital safety.\n * Allow them to make up their own mind. Leaving an unhealthy or abusive relationship may be difficult and even dangerous. Avoid blaming or belittling comments. Abusive partners usually put down their victims regularly, so your loved one’s self-esteem may already be low.\n * Even though helping can be frustrating, don’t give up. More than anything, they need to know they can trust you and rely on you.\n * Don’t prevent them from seeing their abusive partner. This can cause them to feel as if they need to keep secrets from you, as well as feel as if decision-making is being taken away from them.\n\nIt may be helpful to direct teens to resources where they can talk about their\nsituation anonymously and confidentially. Loveisrespect, a project of the\nNational Domestic Violence Hotline, is available 24/7 to empower young people\nto prevent and end abusive relationships\n\n * Teens can call 1-866-331-9474 (or for Deaf/hearing impaired individuals: 1-866-331-8453 TTY or video phone 1-855-812-1001, chat live at loveisrespect.org or text “loveis” to 22522 to speak with a trained peer advocate about healthy, unhealthy or abusive dating relationships.\n * Teens can find information on what a healthy dating relationship is, how to communicate better and tips for dealing with unhealthy or abusive relationships.\n * Teens can find guides on staying safe in the world of social media, online stalking and cyber-bullying.\n * Parents, friends and teachers can also get information on abuse and learn how to help a teen they know who might be in an abusive relationship.\n\nVISIT OUR “RESOURCES” PAGE FOR MORE INFORMATION.\n\nHelping Your Coworker\n\nIf someone is experiencing abuse at home, the effects of the abuse are likely\nto carry over into the work environment as well. You may notice changes in\ntheir behavior at work that could indicate that something is wrong. For\ninstance:\n\n * Excessive lateness or unexplained absences\n * Frequent use of ‘sick time’\n * Unexplained injuries or bruising\n * Changes in appearance\n * Lack of concentration/being preoccupied more often\n * Disruptive phone calls or personal visits from their partner\n * Drops in productivity\n * Sensitivity about home life or hints of trouble at home\n\nWhat can you do?\n\n * Follow your instinct and if you feel like you should talk to them about what might be going on, do so. The worst that could happen is that they don’t want to talk – and even then, they at least know that you care.\n * Be sure to approach them in a confidential manner, at a time and place without interruptions. When bringing up the topic of domestic violence with your coworker, remember to be nonjudgmental. They may be embarrassed by the situation, and you might be the first person they are telling.\n * Consider starting with a simple comment and question like, “You seem a bit preoccupied and stressed. Do you want to talk about it?” Give them the space to share what they want to share with you. Don’t pressure them.\n * If your coworker does open up to you about the abuse, listen to what they have to say. Your role is not to fix the problem for them – sometimes, listening can be the most helpful. You might want to pass along some information to them. If it feels appropriate, pass on the number of The Hotline.\n * If your coworker gives you permission, you can help them document the instances of domestic violence in their life. Take pictures of injuries, write down exact transcripts of interactions, make notes on a calendar of the dates that things happen. Documenting the abuse might help the victim to obtain legal aid later on.\n * If your coworker has been open with you about their situation, you can help them learn about their rights. Women’s Law is an excellent resource for information on domestic violence laws and procedures. Browsing this website with your coworker or giving them the link can provide them with crucial information.\n * Introduce them to the security guard, or volunteer to meet the security guard with them if they’d like help. Keeping a security guard at the office in the loop can help deter your coworker’s abuser from stopping by, make sure your coworker is escorted safely to and from the office space, and more.\n * Ask if they’d like to create a safety plan for their work environment. Ask what they would like you to do if their partner should call or stop by the office. If you’re having trouble coming up with a safety plan on your own, call The Hotline for assistance.\n * Above all, remember that just supporting your coworker no matter what can make a difference. Respect their decisions – you may not know all of the factors involved. Your coworker may not do what you want or expect them to do. Instead of focusing on being the one to solve the problem for them, focus on being supportive and trustworthy in their time of need.\n\n## Footer\n\nNational Domestic Violence Hotline PO Box 90249 Austin, Texas 78709 Office\nLine: 512-453-8117\n\n * Popular\n\n * Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline October 9, 2019 - 10:54 pm\n * A Closer Look at A Star is Born February 21, 2019 - 9:00 am\n * “How Can I Talk to My Abuser?” February 5, 2019 - 6:22 pm\n * Stalking Safety Planning January 25, 2019 - 12:50 pm\n * Healing Through the Arts January 18, 2019 - 12:00 pm\n * Aretha Franklin, A Legacy Survivor Story August 27, 2018 - 4:05 pm\n * Silent Scars of Domestic Abuse August 25, 2018 - 12:52 pm\n * Finding Closure After Abuse May 14, 2013 - 5:27 pm\n * Pregnancy and Abuse: How to Stay Safe for Your 9 Months July 23, 2013 - 9:00 am\n * When Your Partner Threatens Suicide August 21, 2014 - 9:00 am\n * When Money Becomes a Form of Power and Control July 9, 2013 - 6:30 pm\n\n * Recent\n\n * Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline October 9, 2019 - 10:54 pm\n * A Closer Look at A Star is Born February 21, 2019 - 9:00 am\n * “How Can I Talk to My Abuser?” February 5, 2019 - 6:22 pm\n * Stalking Safety Planning January 25, 2019 - 12:50 pm\n * Healing Through the Arts January 18, 2019 - 12:00 pm\n * Aretha Franklin, A Legacy Survivor Story August 27, 2018 - 4:05 pm\n * Silent Scars of Domestic Abuse August 25, 2018 - 12:52 pm\n * The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19 June 10, 2020 - 3:52 pm\n * A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19 June 5, 2020 - 3:36 pm\n * The Hotline Welcomes the Passage of the HEROES Act in the House, Urges Senate to Follow Suit May 26, 2020 - 7:36 pm\n * The Hotline Commends Passage of the CARES Act March 31, 2020 - 6:31 pm\n\n * Comments\n\n * My paraplegic son lives in fear and stays up all night especially on... September 12, 2013 - 5:26 pm by Lisa\n * Let me know if you helped the two first women, send me a... September 12, 2013 - 5:26 pm by Ella\n * Please send me a message to my email if you helped the two... September 12, 2013 - 5:26 pm by Emma\n * If someone help people here can you answer me. I want to know... September 12, 2013 - 5:26 pm by Laura\n\n### En Español\n\nEstamos en el proceso de traducir nuestra página de internet en español. Si\nnecesita información en español, por favor haga clic aquí.\n\nThis project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0426 from the Administration on\nChildren, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions\nand recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s)\nand do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children,\nYouth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of\nHealth and Human Services.\n\nThis website is funded in part through a grant from the Office for Victims of\nCrime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the\nU.S. Department of Justice nor any or its components operate, control, are\nresponsible for, or necessarily endorse, this website (including, without\nlimitations, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any\nservices or tools provided).\n\nExempted from federal income tax under the provisions of Section 501(c) (3) of\nthe Internal Revenue Code.\n\n© Copyright - National Domestic Violence Hotline | Privacy\n\nTrigger\n\nSafety Alert: Computer use can be monitored and is impossible to completely\nclear. If you are afraid your internet usage might be monitored, call the\nNational Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224.\nUsers of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google when clicking\nthe “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nClick to go back to top of page.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-4386/A-Simple-Breathing-Exercise-to-Calm-Your-Mind-Body.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111141351/https://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-4386/A-Simple-Breathing-Exercise-to-Calm-Your-Mind-Body.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "A Parasympathetic Breathing Exercise to Calm Your Mind & Body", "passages": [ "Robin Berzin, M.D. is a functional medicine physician and founder of Parsley Health. She received her master's from the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, and was later trained in Internal Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital.", "Not all breaths are created equal. Case in point: A simple, timed breath routine where the exhales are longer than the inhales can be powerful enough to soothe the nervous system and the overworked mind.", "When your exhale is even a few counts longer than your inhale, the vagus nerve (running from the neck down through the diaphragm) sends a signal to your brain to turn up your parasympathetic nervous system and turn down your sympathetic nervous system.", "The sympathetic nervous system commands your fight-or-flight response. When it fires, your heart rate and breathing speed up and stress hormones like cortisol start pumping through your bloodstream, preparing your body to face a threat. If the threat is \"A lion is chasing me and I need to run away,\" this response is helpful. But if the threat is \"I'm late to work!\" this response not particularly helpful—and, in fact, it can be damaging. When cortisol is elevated too frequently or for too long, it disturbs the body's hormone production.", "The parasympathetic system, on the other hand, controls your rest, relax, and digest response. When the parasympathetic system is dominant, your breathing slows, your heart rate drops, your blood pressure lowers, and your body is guided back into a state of calm and healing.", "Putting your body in a parasympathetic state is easier than you might think; it just takes a slight manipulation of the breath.", "Keep your breathing even and smooth. If the 2-4 count feels too short, try increasing the breath lengths to 4 in and 6 out, 6 in and 8 out, and so on. (If longer breaths create any anxiety, there is no need to push yourself. The most important thing is that the exhale is longer than the inhale.)" ] }, "parsed_md": "A Parasympathetic Breathing Exercise to Calm Your Mind & Body\n\n# mindbodygreen\n\nClose Ad\n\nMeditation\n\n# A Simple Breathing Exercise To Calm Your Mind & Body\n\nDoctor & Founder Of Parsley Health By Robin Berzin, M.D.\n\nDoctor & Founder Of Parsley Health\n\nRobin Berzin, M.D. is a functional medicine physician and founder of Parsley\nHealth. She received her master's from the Columbia University College of\nPhysicians and Surgeons, and was later trained in Internal Medicine at Mount\nSinai Hospital.\n\nImage by Lumina / Stocksy\n\nLast updated on February 7, 2020\n\nShare on:\n\nShare on:\n\nNot all breaths are created equal. Case in point: A simple, timed breath\nroutine where the exhales are longer than the inhales can be powerful enough\nto soothe the nervous system and the overworked mind.\n\n## What makes this kind of breathing so calming?\n\nWhen your exhale is even a few counts longer than your inhale, the vagus nerve\n(running from the neck down through the diaphragm) sends a signal to your\nbrain to turn up your parasympathetic nervous system and turn down your\nsympathetic nervous system.\n\n### The Ultimate Guide To Breathwork\n\nPractice this breathing technique for instant stress relief & calm. Take the\nclass now.\n\nThe sympathetic nervous system commands your fight-or-flight response. When it\nfires, your heart rate and breathing speed up and stress hormones like\ncortisol start pumping through your bloodstream, preparing your body to face a\nthreat. If the threat is \"A lion is chasing me and I need to run away,\" this\nresponse is helpful. But if the threat is \"I'm late to work!\" this response\nnot particularly helpful—and, in fact, it can be damaging. When cortisol is\nelevated too frequently or for too long, it disturbs the body's hormone\nproduction.\n\nThe parasympathetic system, on the other hand, controls your rest, relax, and\ndigest response. When the parasympathetic system is dominant, your breathing\nslows, your heart rate drops, your blood pressure lowers, and your body is\nguided back into a state of calm and healing.\n\nPutting your body in a parasympathetic state is easier than you might think;\nit just takes a slight manipulation of the breath.\n\n## How Breathwork Can Help You Live From The Heart\n\nTRY A FREE SAMPLE OF THIS CLASS\n\nGO\n\nAn error occurred. Please try again. If this problem persists, contact\nsupport@mindbodygreen.com\n\nWith Gwen Dittmar\n\nWatch The Whole Class: The Ultimate Guide to Breathwork\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Step-by-step instructions for this calming 2-1-4-1 breath:\n\n 1. To begin, sit still and tall somewhere comfortable. Close your eyes and being breathing through your nose.\n 2. Inhale for a count of 2. Pause at the top of your inhale for a count of 1.\n 3. Exhale gently, for a count of 4. Pause at the bottom of your exhale for a count of 1.\n 4. Keep your breathing even and smooth. If the 2-4 count feels too short, try increasing the breath lengths to 4 in and 6 out, 6 in and 8 out, and so on. (If longer breaths create any anxiety, there is no need to push yourself. The most important thing is that the exhale is longer than the inhale.)\n 5. Set a timer and breathe this way for at least 5 minutes to see a difference in your mood.\n\nThe Ultimate Guide to Breathwork\n\nReduce Stress & Cultivate Abundance In Your Personal, Professional and\nSpiritual Life\n\nLEARN MORE\n\nTRY A FREE SAMPLE OF THIS CLASS\n\nGO\n\nAn error occurred. Please try again. If this problem persists, contact\nsupport@mindbodygreen.com\n\nThe Ultimate Guide to Breathwork\n\nReduce Stress & Cultivate Abundance In Your Personal, Professional and\nSpiritual Life\n\nWith Gwen Dittmar\n\n * 16 video lessons on breathwork practices for everyday life\n * Detailed instruction on how to practice breathwork regularly to reduce overstimulation\n\nLEARN MORE\n\nGO\n\nAn error occurred. Please try again. If this problem persists, contact\nsupport@mindbodygreen.com\n\n# More On This Topic\n\nSpirituality\n\n## If Anyone Knows What's Keeping You From Your Goals, It's An MIT\nNeuroscientist\n\nSarah Regan\n\nSpirituality\n\n## Exes, Frenemies & Strangers: What It Means To Dream About Certain People\n\nSarah Regan\n\nRecipes\n\n## This Star Chef Wants You To Save Your Scraps & Turn Them Into Soup\n\nNadiya Hussain\n\nMotivation\n\n## Kamala Harris' 5 Nonnegotiable Practices For Health & Well-Being\n\nKristine Thomason\n\nBeauty\n\n## Yup, Your Hair Ages: 4 Tell-All Signs To Look For (Other Than Grays)\n\nJamie Schneider\n\nPersonal Growth\n\n## Where Do The Days Go? 5 Smart Questions To Help You Reclaim Your Time\n\nPedram Shojai\n\nMore Mindfulness\n\n# Popular Stories\n\n * Circuit Training May Be The Ultimate Exercise, And Here's Why\n * Lectin Foods: Avoid Lectins & Heal Your Gut\n * Magnesium Deficiency, Benefits & Magnesium Supplement Types\n * Hemp Oil: Uses And Benefits\n * THC vs. CBD & Beyond: Differences Between Cannabinoids & Other Products\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# Latest Articles\n\nHome\n\n## The 5 Best Decluttering Tips I *Just* Picked Up From Marie Kondo\n\nEmma Loewe\n\nHealthy Weight\n\n## You Should Probably Stop Counting Your Macros, From A Weight Loss Surgeon\n\nJason Wachob\n\nIntegrative Health\n\n## I'm A Functional Medicine Doctor & Here's How You Can Nurture Your\n'Longevity Genes'\n\nFrank Lipman, M.D.\n\nFunctional Food\n\n## We Get Most Of This Nutrient From Coffee & Tea: Here's Why That's A Problem\n\nEliza Sullivan\n\nRecipes\n\n## This Scrumptious Shakshuka Recipe Features Brain-Supporting Ingredients*\n\nAbby Moore\n\nIntegrative Health\n\n## Resist The Urge To Put A Glass Of Water By Your Bed, Say This Urologist\n\nAbby Moore\n\nLatest Articles\n\n# Sites We Love\n\nhttps://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-4386/A-Simple-Breathing-Exercise-to-Calm-Your-\nMind-Body.html\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# Popular Stories\n\n * Circuit Training May Be The Ultimate Exercise, And Here's Why\n * Lectin Foods: Avoid Lectins & Heal Your Gut\n * Magnesium Deficiency, Benefits & Magnesium Supplement Types\n * Hemp Oil: Uses And Benefits\n * THC vs. CBD & Beyond: Differences Between Cannabinoids & Other Products\n\n# Picks For You\n\nSpirituality\n\n## If Anyone Knows What's Keeping You From Your Goals, It's An MIT\nNeuroscientist\n\nSarah Regan\n\nIntegrative Health\n\n## I Study Personalized Immunity & Here's How To Train Your Immune System\n\nJeffrey Bland, Ph.D.\n\nRecipes\n\n## 7 Inflammation-Busting Broths That'll Get Your Gut Health In Tiptop Shape\n\nEliza Sullivan\n\nAll News\n\nIn order to save this article, you will need to Log In or Sign Up!\n\nClose\n\n * About Us\n * Contact\n * Write For Us\n * Jobs\n * Advertise\n * Become an Affiliate\n * Collective\n\n * Social media share instagram\n * Social media share facebook\n * Social media share twitter\n * Social media share pinterest\n * Social media share youtube\n\n * Terms of Sale\n * Terms of Use\n * Disclaimer\n * Privacy Policy\n * Data Collection\n\n# Rise with us daily\n\n## You are now subscribed\n\nBe on the lookout for a welcome email in your inbox!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.domesticshelters.org/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201101005728/https://www.domesticshelters.org/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Find Domestic Violence and Abuse Help, Information and Stats", "passages": [ "If you would like to speak with an advocate near you for support or about any domestic violence matter, just enter your location information below and a list of nearby support phone numbers will appear.", "We make finding the right shelter and information about domestic violence easier. Instead of searching the Internet, it is all right here. We’ve painstakingly verified information on shelters in LA to shelters in NY, and every domestic violence program in between. If you or a friend is suffering from physical abuse, emotional abuse, psychological abuse or verbal abuse, this free service can help. Select domestic violence programs based on location, service and language needs. Find 24-hour hotlines in your area, service listings, and helpful articles on domestic violence statistics, signs and cycles of abuse, housing services, emergency services, legal and financial services, support groups for women, children and families, and more." ] }, "parsed_md": "Find Domestic Violence and Abuse Help, Information and Stats\n\nNot Now\n\nAbusers may monitor your phone, TAP HERE to more safely and securely browse\nDomesticShelters.org with a password protected app.\n\n1\\. Select a discrete app icon.\n\nNext step: Custom Icon Title\n\nNext\n\n2\\. Change the title (optional).\n\nBack Next\n\nBuilding App\n\nStart your search here for domestic violence programs and shelters near you.\n\nLearn More Got it\n\n * ## Am I Experiencing Abuse?\n\n * ## Why Do Abusers Abuse?\n\n * ## What About My Kids?\n\n * ## I Know Someone Who's Being Abused, What Should I Do?\n\n# Find answers to the most common domestic violence questions\n\nCommon Questions\n\n* Legal\n\n119k have read\n\nHow Police Are Trained to Respond to Domestic Violence\n\n* Ending Domestic Violence\n\n151k have read\n\n10 Ways You Can Help Prevent Domestic Violence Locally\n\n* Your Voice\n\n79k have read\n\nThis Is Why I Didn't Tell You He Was Beating Me\n\n* Identifying Abuse\n\n74k have read\n\nHow to Recognize\n\n## Emotional Abuse\n\n* After Abuse\n\n25k have read\n\nRecovery After a Controlling Relationship\n\n* Child Custody\n\n128k have read\n\n5 Myths about Child Custody and Domestic Violence\n\n* Identifying Abuse\n\n3.5k have read\n\nPostpartum Depression Linked to Domestic Violence\n\n* Identifying Abuse\n\n39k have read\n\nThe Big Deal about Belittling\n\n* Legal\n\n244k have read\n\nHow to Prove Nonphysical Abuse in Court\n\n* Children and Teens\n\n30k have read\n\n8 Ways Controlling Men Make Mothering Even Harder\n\n* Gaslighting\n\n77k have read\n\n## What is\n\n## Gaslighting\n\n?\n\n* Identifying Abuse\n\n165k have read\n\n10 Patterns of\n\n## Verbal Abuse\n\n* Housing\n\n2.3k have read\n\nHow Domestic Violence\n\n## Hotline\n\ns Triage Callers\n\n* Protection Orders\n\n143k have read\n\nWhat Happens When Someone Violates a Court Order?\n\n* Health\n\n301k have read\n\nStrangulation Can Leave Long-Lasting Injuries\n\n* Your Voice\n\n80k have read\n\n14 Misconceptions About Domestic Violence\n\n* Identifying Abuse\n\n55k have read\n\n20 Ways Manipulative Narcissists Silence You: Part I\n\n* Escaping Violence\n\n5.0k have read\n\nBarriers to Leaving, Part 1\n\n### Search 819 helpful articles in 34 topical categories ranging from\nidentifying abuse to healing from it.\n\nSee all articles All checklists\n\n* Escaping Violence\n\n4 days ago by Allison Thomas 119 have read\n\n### How to Spot a Signal for Help, and How to Respond\n\n* Ending Domestic Violence\n\n6 days ago by Shelley Flannery 82 have read\n\n### Are Things Getting Any Better?\n\n* Children and Teens\n\n1 week ago by Allison Thomas 147 have read\n\n### Raising the Next Generation of Allies\n\n* Escaping Violence\n\n1 week ago by Shelley Flannery 1.2k have read\n\n### Couples Counseling Will Not Stop Abuse\n\n* Ask Amanda\n\n2 weeks ago by DomesticShelters.org 762 have read\n\n### Ask Amanda: Wearing a Face Mask is Triggering Anxiety\n\n* Escaping Violence\n\n2 weeks ago by Lisa Fontes, Ph.D. 1.8k have read\n\n### If an Abuser Does That, Prepare to Do This\n\n* 15\n\n### Obstacles Emergency Rooms Face in Identifying Abuse\n\n* 13\n\n### Ways to Celebrate the Anniversary of Leaving an Abuser\n\n* 35\n\n### Movies Survivors Say Accurately Depict Domestic Violence\n\n* 23\n\n### Signs of Human Trafficking\n\n* 25\n\n### Risk Factors for Domestic Violence\n\n* 18\n\n### Things Abusers Do When They’re Gaslighting\n\n* 18\n\n### Warning Signs That You’re Being Gaslighted\n\n* 23\n\n### Ways Survivors Can Collect Evidence of Abuse\n\n* 25\n\n### Relationship Red Flags\n\n* 19\n\n### Myths About Domestic Violence\n\n* 35\n\n### Ways to Recognize Emotional Abuse\n\n* 20\n\n### Things Abusers Say\n\n### Assess your risk with free assessments found here.\n\n### Ready to speak with someone? Find local hotline numbers here.\n\n### Sign up to receive new and helpful articles weekly.\n\nIf you would like to speak with an advocate near you for support or about any\ndomestic violence matter, just enter your location information below and a\nlist of nearby support phone numbers will appear.\n\n * ## About DomesticShelters.org\n\nWe make finding the right shelter and information about domestic violence\neasier. Instead of searching the Internet, it is all right here. We’ve\npainstakingly verified information on shelters in LA to shelters in NY, and\nevery domestic violence program in between. If you or a friend is suffering\nfrom physical abuse, emotional abuse, psychological abuse or verbal abuse,\nthis free service can help. Select domestic violence programs based on\nlocation, service and language needs. Find 24-hour hotlines in your area,\nservice listings, and helpful articles on domestic violence statistics, signs\nand cycles of abuse, housing services, emergency services, legal and financial\nservices, support groups for women, children and families, and more.\n\n## Domestic Violence FAQs\n\n * How to Get a Personal Protection Order\n * What is Domestic Violence?\n * Domestic Violence Statistics\n * Profile of an Abuser\n * This Is What Abuse Looks Like\n * Abusive Red Flags Everyone Should Know\n * A Deadly Cycle\n * When It's Time to Go: Part I\n\nHave more questions? Visit our FAQ.\n\n * About\n * News\n * Contact\n * Partners\n * Advertise\n * Add/Claim Location\n\nCopyright © 2020 Theresa's Fund, Inc., an Arizona 501(c)3. All rights reserved\nPrivacy Policy | Terms of Use\n\n# Title\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/help-for-men-who-are-being-abused.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201101050658/https://www.helpguide.org/articles/abuse/help-for-men-who-are-being-abused.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Help for Men Who Are Being Abused", "passages": [ "Millions of readers rely on HelpGuide for free, evidence-based resources to understand and navigate mental health challenges. Please donate today to help us protect, support, and save lives.", "If you’re a man in an abusive relationship, it’s important to know that you’re not alone. Abuse of men happens far more often than you might expect—in both heterosexual and same sex relationships. It happens to men from all cultures and all walks of life regardless of age or occupation. Figures suggest that as many as one in three victims of domestic violence are male. However, men are often reluctant to report abuse because they feel embarrassed, fear they won’t be believed, or are scared that their partner will take revenge.", "An abusive partner may hit, kick, bite, punch, spit, throw things, or destroy your possessions. To make up for any difference in strength, they may attack you while you’re asleep or otherwise catch you by surprise. They may also use a weapon, such as a gun or knife, or strike you with an object, abuse or threaten your children, or harm your pets.", "Of course, domestic abuse is not limited to violence. Emotional and verbal abuse can be just as damaging. As a male, your spouse or partner may:", "Make false allegations about you to your friends, employer, or the police, or find other ways to manipulate and isolate you.", "As an abused man, you may face a shortage of resources, a lack of understanding from friends and family, and legal obstacles, especially if trying to gain custody of your children from an abusive mother. Whatever your circumstances, though, you can overcome these challenges and escape the violence and abuse.", "Regardless of gender, ending a relationship, even an abusive one, is rarely easy. It becomes even harder if you’ve been isolated from friends and family, threatened, manipulated, and controlled, or physically and emotionally beaten down.", "You feel ashamed. Many men feel great shame that they’ve been abused, been unable to stand up for themselves, or somehow failed in their role as a male, husband, or father.", "Your religious beliefs dictate that you stay or your self-worth is so low that you feel this abusive relationship is all you deserve.", "There’s a lack of resources. Many men worry they’ll have difficulty being believed by the authorities, or that their abuse will be minimized because they’re male, or find there are few resources to specifically help abused men.", "You’re in a same sex relationship but haven’t come out to family or friends, and are afraid your partner will out you.", "You’re in denial. Just as with female domestic violence victims, denying that there is a problem in your relationship will only prolong the abuse. You may still love your partner when they’re not being abusive and believe that they will change or that you can help them. But change can only happen once your abuser takes full responsibility for their behavior and seeks professional treatment.", "You want to protect your children. You worry that if you leave, your spouse will harm your children or prevent you from having access to them. Obtaining custody of children is always challenging for fathers, but even if you are confident that you can do so, you may still feel overwhelmed at the prospect of raising them alone.", "Domestic violence and abuse can have a serious physical and psychological impact. The first step to protecting yourself and stopping the abuse is to reach out. Talk to a friend, family member, or someone else you trust, or call a domestic violence helpline.", "Admitting the problem and seeking help doesn’t mean you have failed as a man or as a husband. You are not to blame, and you are not weak. As well as offering a sense of relief and providing some much-needed support, sharing details of your abuse can also be the first step in building a case against your abuser.", "Leave if possible. Be aware of any signs that may trigger a violent response from your partner and be ready to leave quickly. If you need to stay to protect your children, call emergency services. The police have an obligation to protect you, just as they do for a female victim.", "Never retaliate. An abusive partner may try to provoke you into retaliating or using force to escape the situation. If you do retaliate, you’re putting yourself at risk of being arrested or removed from your home.", "Get evidence of the abuse. Report all incidents to the police and get a copy of each police report. Keep a journal of all abuse with a clear record of dates, times, and any witnesses. Include a photographic record of your injuries and make sure your doctor or hospital also documents your injuries. Remember, medical personnel aren’t likely to ask if a man is a victim of domestic violence, so it’s up to you to ensure that the cause of your injuries are documented.", "Keep a mobile phone, evidence of the abuse, and other important documents close at hand. If you have to leave instantly in order to escape the abuse, you’ll need to take with you evidence of the abuse and important documents, such as a passport and driver’s license. It may be safer to keep these items outside of the home.", "Obtain advice from a domestic violence program or legal aid resource about getting a restraining order or order of protection against your partner and, if necessary, seeking temporary custody of your children.", "Support from family and friends as well as counseling, therapy, and support groups for domestic abuse survivors can help you move on from an abusive relationship. You may struggle with upsetting emotions or feel numb, disconnected, and unable to trust other people. After the trauma of an abusive relationship, it can take a while to get over the pain and bad memories but you can heal and move on.", "Even if you’re eager to jump into a new relationship and finally get the intimacy and support you’ve been missing, it’s wise to take things slowly. Make sure you’re aware of any red flag behaviors in a potential new partner and what it takes to build healthy, new relationships.", "Path to Safety: Leaving a Relationship – Tips for staying safe while in or trying to leave an abusive relationship. (National Domestic Violence Hotline)", "HELPGUIDEORG INTERNATIONAL is a tax-exempt 501(c)3 organization (ID #45-4510670). Our content does not constitute a medical or psychological consultation. See a certified medical or mental health professional for diagnosis. Learn more." ] }, "parsed_md": "Help for Men Who Are Being Abused - HelpGuide.org\n\nHelpGuide is an independently funded nonprofit organization.\n\nDONATE NOW\n\nCoronavirus\n\nMeditations\n\n#### Mental Health\n\nAddiction\n\nADHD\n\nAnxiety\n\nBipolar Disorder\n\nDepression\n\nEating Disorders\n\nGrief & Loss\n\nPersonality Disorders\n\nPTSD & Trauma\n\nSchizophrenia\n\nStress\n\nSuicide Prevention\n\n#### Health & Wellness\n\nExercise & Fitness\n\nHealthy Eating\n\nIllness & Disability\n\nPets\n\nSleep\n\nStress\n\nWeight Loss\n\nWork & Career\n\nWell-being & Happiness\n\n#### Children & Family\n\nParenting Advice\n\nADHD\n\nAutism\n\nChildhood Issues\n\nLearning Disabilities\n\nTeen Issues\n\nFamily Caregiving\n\n#### Relationships\n\nCommunication\n\nEmotional Intelligence\n\nLove & Friendship\n\nDomestic Abuse\n\n#### Aging\n\nHealthy Aging\n\nAging Issues\n\nAlzheimer’s Disease & Dementia\n\nSenior Housing\n\nFamily Caregiving\n\nEnd of Life\n\n#### More\n\nAbout Us\n\nOur Story\n\nJeanne Segal, Ph.D.\n\nNewsletter\n\nHarvard\n\nContact Us\n\nDonate\n\n#### Help us help others\n\nMillions of readers rely on HelpGuide for free, evidence-based resources to\nunderstand and navigate mental health challenges. Please donate today to help\nus protect, support, and save lives.\n\nDonate\n\ndomestic abuse\n\n# Help for Men Who Are Being Abused\n\n## Learn how to recognize domestic violence against men and get the help you\nneed to escape an abusive relationship.\n\n## Domestic violence against men: You’re not alone\n\nIf you’re a man in an abusive relationship, it’s important to know that you’re\nnot alone. Abuse of men happens far more often than you might expect—in both\nheterosexual and same sex relationships. It happens to men from all cultures\nand all walks of life regardless of age or occupation. Figures suggest that as\nmany as one in three victims of domestic violence are male. However, men are\noften reluctant to report abuse because they feel embarrassed, fear they won’t\nbe believed, or are scared that their partner will take revenge.\n\nAn abusive partner may hit, kick, bite, punch, spit, throw things, or destroy\nyour possessions. To make up for any difference in strength, they may attack\nyou while you’re asleep or otherwise catch you by surprise. They may also use\na weapon, such as a gun or knife, or strike you with an object, abuse or\nthreaten your children, or harm your pets.\n\nOf course, domestic abuse is not limited to violence. Emotional and verbal\nabuse can be just as damaging. As a male, your spouse or partner may:\n\n * Verbally abuse you, belittle you, or humiliate you in front of friends, colleagues, or family, or on social media.\n * Be possessive, act jealous, or harass you with accusations of being unfaithful.\n * Take away your car keys or medications, try to control where you go and who you see.\n * Try to control how you spend money or deliberately default on joint financial obligations.\n * Make false allegations about you to your friends, employer, or the police, or find other ways to manipulate and isolate you.\n * Threaten to leave you and prevent you from seeing your kids if you report the abuse.\n\nAs an abused man, you may face a shortage of resources, a lack of\nunderstanding from friends and family, and legal obstacles, especially if\ntrying to gain custody of your children from an abusive mother. Whatever your\ncircumstances, though, you can overcome these challenges and escape the\nviolence and abuse.\n\n#### If you’re gay, bisexual, or transgender\n\nYou can experience domestic violence and abuse if you’re in a relationship\nwith someone who:\n\n * Threatens to tell friends, family, colleagues, or community members your sexual orientation or gender identity\n * Tells you that authorities won’t help a gay, bisexual, or transgender person\n * Tells you that leaving the relationship means you’re admitting that gay, bisexual, or transgender relationships are deviant\n * Justifies abuse by telling you that you’re not “really” gay, bisexual, or transgender\n * Says that men are naturally violent\n\nSource: Mayo Clinic\n\n## Why men don’t leave abusive relationships\n\nRegardless of gender, ending a relationship, even an abusive one, is rarely\neasy. It becomes even harder if you’ve been isolated from friends and family,\nthreatened, manipulated, and controlled, or physically and emotionally beaten\ndown.\n\nYou may feel that you have to stay in the relationship because:\n\nYou feel ashamed. Many men feel great shame that they’ve been abused, been\nunable to stand up for themselves, or somehow failed in their role as a male,\nhusband, or father.\n\nYour religious beliefs dictate that you stay or your self-worth is so low that\nyou feel this abusive relationship is all you deserve.\n\nThere’s a lack of resources. Many men worry they’ll have difficulty being\nbelieved by the authorities, or that their abuse will be minimized because\nthey’re male, or find there are few resources to specifically help abused men.\n\nYou’re in a same sex relationship but haven’t come out to family or friends,\nand are afraid your partner will out you.\n\nYou’re in denial. Just as with female domestic violence victims, denying that\nthere is a problem in your relationship will only prolong the abuse. You may\nstill love your partner when they’re not being abusive and believe that they\nwill change or that you can help them. But change can only happen once your\nabuser takes full responsibility for their behavior and seeks professional\ntreatment.\n\nYou want to protect your children. You worry that if you leave, your spouse\nwill harm your children or prevent you from having access to them. Obtaining\ncustody of children is always challenging for fathers, but even if you are\nconfident that you can do so, you may still feel overwhelmed at the prospect\nof raising them alone.\n\n## Protecting yourself as an abused male\n\nDomestic violence and abuse can have a serious physical and psychological\nimpact. The first step to protecting yourself and stopping the abuse is to\nreach out. Talk to a friend, family member, or someone else you trust, or call\na domestic violence helpline.\n\nAdmitting the problem and seeking help doesn’t mean you have failed as a man\nor as a husband. You are not to blame, and you are not weak. As well as\noffering a sense of relief and providing some much-needed support, sharing\ndetails of your abuse can also be the first step in building a case against\nyour abuser.\n\nWhen dealing with your abusive partner:\n\nLeave if possible. Be aware of any signs that may trigger a violent response\nfrom your partner and be ready to leave quickly. If you need to stay to\nprotect your children, call emergency services. The police have an obligation\nto protect you, just as they do for a female victim.\n\nNever retaliate. An abusive partner may try to provoke you into retaliating or\nusing force to escape the situation. If you do retaliate, you’re putting\nyourself at risk of being arrested or removed from your home.\n\nGet evidence of the abuse. Report all incidents to the police and get a copy\nof each police report. Keep a journal of all abuse with a clear record of\ndates, times, and any witnesses. Include a photographic record of your\ninjuries and make sure your doctor or hospital also documents your injuries.\nRemember, medical personnel aren’t likely to ask if a man is a victim of\ndomestic violence, so it’s up to you to ensure that the cause of your injuries\nare documented.\n\nKeep a mobile phone, evidence of the abuse, and other important documents\nclose at hand. If you have to leave instantly in order to escape the abuse,\nyou’ll need to take with you evidence of the abuse and important documents,\nsuch as a passport and driver’s license. It may be safer to keep these items\noutside of the home.\n\nObtain advice from a domestic violence program or legal aid resource about\ngetting a restraining order or order of protection against your partner and,\nif necessary, seeking temporary custody of your children.\n\n## Moving on from an abusive relationship\n\nSupport from family and friends as well as counseling, therapy, and support\ngroups for domestic abuse survivors can help you move on from an abusive\nrelationship. You may struggle with upsetting emotions or feel numb,\ndisconnected, and unable to trust other people. After the trauma of an abusive\nrelationship, it can take a while to get over the pain and bad memories but\nyou can heal and move on.\n\nEven if you’re eager to jump into a new relationship and finally get the\nintimacy and support you’ve been missing, it’s wise to take things slowly.\nMake sure you’re aware of any red flag behaviors in a potential new partner\nand what it takes to build healthy, new relationships.\n\n#### Get more help\n\nDomestic Violence Against Men: Know the Signs – How to break the cycle and get\nhelp. (Mayo Clinic)\n\nPath to Safety: Leaving a Relationship – Tips for staying safe while in or\ntrying to leave an abusive relationship. (National Domestic Violence Hotline)\n\nHotlines and support\n\n * U.S. and Canada: 1-800-799-7233 – The National Domestic Violence Hotline\n * UK: 01823 334244 – ManKind Initiative\n * Ireland: 046 902 3710 – AMEN\n * Australia: One in Three Campaign offers a number of crisis hotlines.\n\nIf you’re a gay man who’s being abused, you can also find support and advice\nfrom the following organizations:\n\n * U.S.: 1-800-832-1901 – Gay Men’s Domestic Violence Project\n * UK: 0800 999 5428 – Galop\n\nAuthors: Lawrence Robinson and Jeanne Segal, Ph.D. Last updated: June 2019.\n\nPrint PDF\n\n### Read More\n\n * Domestic Violence and Abuse\n * How to Get Out of an Abusive Relationship\n * Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)\n * Depression in Men\n\n### Read More\n\n * Domestic Violence and Abuse\n * How to Get Out of an Abusive Relationship\n * Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)\n * Depression in Men\n\nAbout Us\n\nContact Us\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\nTerms of Use\n\nHELPGUIDEORG INTERNATIONAL is a tax-exempt 501(c)3 organization (ID\n#45-4510670). Our content does not constitute a medical or psychological\nconsultation. See a certified medical or mental health professional for\ndiagnosis. Learn more.\n\n© 1999-2020 HelpGuide.org. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.thehotline.org/2016/03/31/5-self-care-tips-for-abuse-and-trauma-survivors/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200925143744/https://www.thehotline.org/2016/03/31/5-self-care-tips-for-abuse-and-trauma-survivors/", "parsed_text": { "title": "5 Powerful Self-Care Tips for Abuse and Trauma Survivors", "passages": [ "Tip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the bottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge web browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website after hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.", "Being a trauma survivor is a challenging journey, but it is also an empowering one. Trauma acts as the catalyst for us to learn how to better engage in self- care and introduces us to endless modalities for healing and expressing ourselves, enabling us to channel our crisis into our transformation. Most importantly, it gives us access to connect with other survivors who have been where we are. It is in these validating communities that we tend to find the most healing, even outside of the therapy space. Here are some tips I’ve lived by that can benefit the healing journey of those who have been through trauma and abuse.", "In order to reprogram our subconscious mind, which has undoubtedly been affected by the abusive words and actions we’ve undergone, we have to literally reprogram our brain and minimize the negative, destructive automatic thoughts that may arise in our day-to-day life.", "These thoughts stir self-sabotage and hold us back from embracing all the power and agency we have to rebuild our lives. Many of these thoughts are not even our own, but rather the voices of our abusers and bullies who continue to taunt us long after the abuse has ended. When we’ve been abused or bullied in any way, we continue to abuse ourselves with what trauma therapist Pete Walker calls the voice of the “inner critic.”", "The most powerful way I’ve reprogrammed my own inner critical voice is through a system of positive affirmations that I engage in on a daily basis. These are positive affirmations that should be tailored to your particular wounds and insecurities. For example, if you have an insecurity about your appearance that your abuser has attempted to instill in you, a positive affirmation can gently interrupt the pattern of ruminating over such harsh comments by replacing the toxic thought with a loving one. A self-sabotaging thought about your appearance suddenly becomes, “I am beautiful, inside and out” whenever the harmful thought or emotion associated with the thought comes up.", "One of the most effective techniques in engaging in these positive affirmations, aside from saying them aloud, is a technique from my larger method of “reverse discourse” which I discuss in my first book, “The Smart Girl’s Guide to Self-Care.” Record all of your positive affirmations on a tape recorder or a voice recording application and listen to them daily. Hearing your own voice repeating these affirmations daily – “I love myself,” “I am valuable,” “I am worthy,” “I am beautiful” – is a potent way to rewrite the narrative abusers have written for you and banish that browbeating bully inside of your own head.", "According to trauma expert Dr. Bessel van der Kolk, author of “The Body Keeps the Score,” trauma lives in our bodies as well as our minds. It’s important that we find at least one form of physical outlet for the intense emotions of grief, rage, and hurt we’re bound to feel in the aftermath of abuse and trauma, in order to combat the paralysis that accompanies trauma, leaving us feeling numb and frozen.", "I personally love kickboxing, yoga, dance cardio and running while listening to empowering music or listening to positive affirmations. Do something that you’re passionate about and love to do. Don’t force your body into activities that you’re not comfortable with or exhaust yourself. Using physical exercise as an outlet should be an act of self-care, not self-destruction.", "For abuse survivors who struggle with symptoms of PTSD or complex PTSD, mindful breathing exercises and meditation are especially helpful in managing our fight, flight, freeze or fawn responses to flashbacks and ruminating thoughts.", "Taking time to observe our breath, whether it be for five minutes or an hour, can be immensely helpful to managing our emotions and non-judgmentally addressing our painful triggers. In addition, meditation literally rewires our brains so that we are able to mindfully approach any maladaptive responses that may keep us locked into the traumatic event. If you have never meditated before and would like to try it, I would highly recommend an app known as Stop, Breathe and Think, recommended for people of all ages.", "Art therapy is especially helpful to survivors of PTSD because it enables survivors to find modes of expression that allow them to create and integrate rather than self-destruct. According to van der Kolk, trauma can affect the Broca’s area of the brain, which deals with language. It can shut this area of the brain down, disabling us from expressing what is occurring.", "Allowing ourselves to express the trauma in a somatic way is important because trauma and the dissociation that comes with it can be difficult to process into words. When we are dissociated from the trauma, our brain protects itself from the traumatic event by giving us an outsider perspective to the trauma, disconnecting us from our identity, thoughts, feelings, and memories related to the trauma.", "The brain tends to “split” a traumatic event to make it easier to digest. Since trauma can disconnect us from both our minds and bodies through processes of depersonalization, derealization, and even amnesia, art can help us reintegrate the trauma where we were previously disconnected from the experience. As Andrea Schneider, LCSW, puts it, expressive arts can be a way of “mastering the trauma” that we’ve experienced. Whether it’s writing, painting, drawing, making music, doing arts and crafts – it’s important to release the trauma in alternative ways that engage both our mind and body.", "When we create something, we can also have the option of sharing our art with the world – whether it’s a beautiful painting or a book, harnessing our pain into creativity can be a life-changing experience – both for ourselves and for others.", "Contrary to popular opinion, asking for help does not make you helpless or powerless. It is in fact, a strong recognition of your own power to be able to seek help and be open to receiving it. Sharing your story with other survivors can be incredibly healing and cathartic. If you are struggling with the effects of trauma, I highly recommend finding a validating mental health professional who specializes in trauma and understands its symptoms in addition to finding a support group of fellow survivors.", "Having the support of a mental health professional throughout the process can ensure that you are able to address your trauma triggers in a safe space. It is important to choose a validating, trauma-informed counselor who can meet your needs and gently guide you with the appropriate therapy that addresses the symptoms and triggers. Some survivors benefit from EMDR therapy, which is a therapy that enables them to process their trauma without being re- traumatized in the process. However, a therapy that works for one survivor may not work for another depending on their specific symptoms, the severity of the trauma and the length of time a person has been traumatized. Be sure to discuss with your mental health professional what the right type of therapy is for you.", "As a supplement to therapy, you may wish to also consult the resources on this excellent list, which includes free or low-cost mental health resources.", "Throughout this journey of healing from trauma and abuse, make sure that you are being compassionate towards yourself. A great deal of trauma survivors suffer from toxic shame and self-blame. It’s important that we are gentle towards ourselves during this journey, that we acknowledge that we are doing our very best, and that we ask ourselves every day, “What would be the most loving thing I can do for myself in this moment?” in any circumstance. There is no time limit to learning and healing, there is only the power of transforming our adversity into victory, one small step at a time.", "Shahida Arabi is the author of four bestselling books on Amazon, including “The Smart Girl’s Guide to Self-Care” and “Becoming the Narcissist’s Nightmare: How to Devalue and Discard the Narcissist While Supplying Yourself.” She is passionate about helping survivors of abuse and trauma in their recovery and healing. You can check out her blog, Self-Care Haven, for topics related to mindfulness, mental health, narcissistic abuse and recovery from emotional trauma, like her page on Facebook, and subscribe to her YouTube Channel.", "My paraplegic son lives in fear and stays up all night especially on... March 31, 2016 - 2:18 pm by Lisa", "Let me know if you helped the two first women, send me a... March 31, 2016 - 2:18 pm by Ella", "Please send me a message to my email if you helped the two... March 31, 2016 - 2:18 pm by Emma", "If someone help people here can you answer me. I want to know... March 31, 2016 - 2:18 pm by Laura", "Estamos en el proceso de traducir nuestra página de internet en español. Si necesita información en español, por favor haga clic aquí.", "This project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0426 from the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.", "This website is funded in part through a grant from the Office for Victims of Crime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the U.S. Department of Justice nor any or its components operate, control, are responsible for, or necessarily endorse, this website (including, without limitations, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any services or tools provided).", "Safety Alert: Computer use can be monitored and is impossible to completely clear. If you are afraid your internet usage might be monitored, call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224. Users of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google when clicking the “X” or “Escape” button." ] }, "parsed_md": "5 Powerful Self-Care Tips for Abuse and Trauma Survivors\n\nSkip to content\n\nTip: You can quickly leave this website by clicking on the \"X\" icon in the\nbottom right or by pressing the Escape key twice. Users of the Microsoft Edge\nweb browser will not be able to use the “back” button to re-enter the website\nafter hitting the “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nThe National Domestic Violence Hotline\n\n5 Powerful Self-Care Tips for Abuse and Trauma Survivors\n\nYou are here:\n\n * Home\n\n/\n\n * Blog\n\n/\n\n * 5 Powerful Self-Care Tips for Abuse and Trauma Survivors\n\n# 5 Powerful Self-Care Tips for Abuse and Trauma Survivors\n\nMarch 31, 2016September 20, 2020 / 0 Comments / in Offering Support, The\nHotline\n\nby Shahida Arabi, originally posted on Self-Care Haven\n\nBeing a trauma survivor is a challenging journey, but it is also an empowering\none. Trauma acts as the catalyst for us to learn how to better engage in self-\ncare and introduces us to endless modalities for healing and expressing\nourselves, enabling us to channel our crisis into our transformation. Most\nimportantly, it gives us access to connect with other survivors who have been\nwhere we are. It is in these validating communities that we tend to find the\nmost healing, even outside of the therapy space. Here are some tips I’ve lived\nby that can benefit the healing journey of those who have been through trauma\nand abuse.\n\n### 1\\. Positive affirmations\n\nIn order to reprogram our subconscious mind, which has undoubtedly been\naffected by the abusive words and actions we’ve undergone, we have to\nliterally reprogram our brain and minimize the negative, destructive automatic\nthoughts that may arise in our day-to-day life.\n\nThese thoughts stir self-sabotage and hold us back from embracing all the\npower and agency we have to rebuild our lives. Many of these thoughts are not\neven our own, but rather the voices of our abusers and bullies who continue to\ntaunt us long after the abuse has ended. When we’ve been abused or bullied in\nany way, we continue to abuse ourselves with what trauma therapist Pete Walker\ncalls the voice of the “inner critic.”\n\nThe most powerful way I’ve reprogrammed my own inner critical voice is through\na system of positive affirmations that I engage in on a daily basis. These are\npositive affirmations that should be tailored to your particular wounds and\ninsecurities. For example, if you have an insecurity about your appearance\nthat your abuser has attempted to instill in you, a positive affirmation can\ngently interrupt the pattern of ruminating over such harsh comments by\nreplacing the toxic thought with a loving one. A self-sabotaging thought about\nyour appearance suddenly becomes, “I am beautiful, inside and out” whenever\nthe harmful thought or emotion associated with the thought comes up.\n\nOne of the most effective techniques in engaging in these positive\naffirmations, aside from saying them aloud, is a technique from my larger\nmethod of “reverse discourse” which I discuss in my first book, “The Smart\nGirl’s Guide to Self-Care.” Record all of your positive affirmations on a tape\nrecorder or a voice recording application and listen to them daily. Hearing\nyour own voice repeating these affirmations daily – “I love myself,” “I am\nvaluable,” “I am worthy,” “I am beautiful” – is a potent way to rewrite the\nnarrative abusers have written for you and banish that browbeating bully\ninside of your own head.\n\n### 2\\. Heal the mind through the body\n\nAccording to trauma expert Dr. Bessel van der Kolk, author of “The Body Keeps\nthe Score,” trauma lives in our bodies as well as our minds. It’s important\nthat we find at least one form of physical outlet for the intense emotions of\ngrief, rage, and hurt we’re bound to feel in the aftermath of abuse and\ntrauma, in order to combat the paralysis that accompanies trauma, leaving us\nfeeling numb and frozen.\n\nI personally love kickboxing, yoga, dance cardio and running while listening\nto empowering music or listening to positive affirmations. Do something that\nyou’re passionate about and love to do. Don’t force your body into activities\nthat you’re not comfortable with or exhaust yourself. Using physical exercise\nas an outlet should be an act of self-care, not self-destruction.\n\n### 3\\. Breathe\n\nFor abuse survivors who struggle with symptoms of PTSD or complex PTSD,\nmindful breathing exercises and meditation are especially helpful in managing\nour fight, flight, freeze or fawn responses to flashbacks and ruminating\nthoughts.\n\nTaking time to observe our breath, whether it be for five minutes or an hour,\ncan be immensely helpful to managing our emotions and non-judgmentally\naddressing our painful triggers. In addition, meditation literally rewires our\nbrains so that we are able to mindfully approach any maladaptive responses\nthat may keep us locked into the traumatic event. If you have never meditated\nbefore and would like to try it, I would highly recommend an app known as\nStop, Breathe and Think, recommended for people of all ages.\n\n### 4\\. Channel your pain into creativity\n\nArt therapy is especially helpful to survivors of PTSD because it enables\nsurvivors to find modes of expression that allow them to create and integrate\nrather than self-destruct. According to van der Kolk, trauma can affect the\nBroca’s area of the brain, which deals with language. It can shut this area of\nthe brain down, disabling us from expressing what is occurring.\n\nAllowing ourselves to express the trauma in a somatic way is important because\ntrauma and the dissociation that comes with it can be difficult to process\ninto words. When we are dissociated from the trauma, our brain protects itself\nfrom the traumatic event by giving us an outsider perspective to the trauma,\ndisconnecting us from our identity, thoughts, feelings, and memories related\nto the trauma.\n\nThe brain tends to “split” a traumatic event to make it easier to digest.\nSince trauma can disconnect us from both our minds and bodies through\nprocesses of depersonalization, derealization, and even amnesia, art can help\nus reintegrate the trauma where we were previously disconnected from the\nexperience. As Andrea Schneider, LCSW, puts it, expressive arts can be a way\nof “mastering the trauma” that we’ve experienced. Whether it’s writing,\npainting, drawing, making music, doing arts and crafts – it’s important to\nrelease the trauma in alternative ways that engage both our mind and body.\n\nWhen we create something, we can also have the option of sharing our art with\nthe world – whether it’s a beautiful painting or a book, harnessing our pain\ninto creativity can be a life-changing experience – both for ourselves and for\nothers.\n\n### 5\\. Asking for help\n\nContrary to popular opinion, asking for help does not make you helpless or\npowerless. It is in fact, a strong recognition of your own power to be able to\nseek help and be open to receiving it. Sharing your story with other survivors\ncan be incredibly healing and cathartic. If you are struggling with the\neffects of trauma, I highly recommend finding a validating mental health\nprofessional who specializes in trauma and understands its symptoms in\naddition to finding a support group of fellow survivors.\n\nHaving the support of a mental health professional throughout the process can\nensure that you are able to address your trauma triggers in a safe space. It\nis important to choose a validating, trauma-informed counselor who can meet\nyour needs and gently guide you with the appropriate therapy that addresses\nthe symptoms and triggers. Some survivors benefit from EMDR therapy, which is\na therapy that enables them to process their trauma without being re-\ntraumatized in the process. However, a therapy that works for one survivor may\nnot work for another depending on their specific symptoms, the severity of the\ntrauma and the length of time a person has been traumatized. Be sure to\ndiscuss with your mental health professional what the right type of therapy is\nfor you.\n\nAs a supplement to therapy, you may wish to also consult the resources on this\nexcellent list, which includes free or low-cost mental health resources.\n\nThroughout this journey of healing from trauma and abuse, make sure that you\nare being compassionate towards yourself. A great deal of trauma survivors\nsuffer from toxic shame and self-blame. It’s important that we are gentle\ntowards ourselves during this journey, that we acknowledge that we are doing\nour very best, and that we ask ourselves every day, “What would be the most\nloving thing I can do for myself in this moment?” in any circumstance. There\nis no time limit to learning and healing, there is only the power of\ntransforming our adversity into victory, one small step at a time.\n\nShahida Arabi is the author of four bestselling books on Amazon, including\n“The Smart Girl’s Guide to Self-Care” and “Becoming the Narcissist’s\nNightmare: How to Devalue and Discard the Narcissist While Supplying\nYourself.” She is passionate about helping survivors of abuse and trauma in\ntheir recovery and healing. You can check out her blog, Self-Care Haven, for\ntopics related to mindfulness, mental health, narcissistic abuse and recovery\nfrom emotional trauma, like her page on Facebook, and subscribe to her YouTube\nChannel.\n\nTags: abuse, healing, PTSD, self-care, therapy, trauma\n\n## Share this entry\n\n * Share on Facebook\n * Share on Twitter\n * Share on Google Plus\n * Share on Pinterest\n * Share on LinkedIn\n * Share to Tumblr\n * Share to Reddit\n * Share by email\n\nYou might also like:\n\n The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19\n A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19\n Staying Safe During COVID-19\n A Deeper Look Into Gaslighting\n Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline\n The What, Why, and How of DVAM\n Statement by Katie Ray-Jones, CEO of the National Domestic Violence Hotline on Mass Violence in Dayton and El Paso\n Statement from Katie Ray-Jones: Introduction of FVPSA 2019\n\nThe Dangers of Strangulation\n\nLearn How Prevention is Possible During SAAM\n\n## Sidebar\n\n * Archive\n * Domestic Violence on TV\n * DVAM Blog Posts\n * Get Help Today\n * Healthy Love\n * Offering Support\n * Survivor Series\n\nTweets by thehotline\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19\n * A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19\n * The Hotline Welcomes the Passage of the HEROES Act in the House, Urges Senate to Follow Suit\n * The Hotline Commends Passage of the CARES Act\n * Staying Safe During COVID-19\n\n## Footer\n\nNational Domestic Violence Hotline PO Box 90249 Austin, Texas 78709 Office\nLine: 512-453-8117\n\n * Popular\n\n * Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline October 9, 2019 - 10:54 pm\n * A Closer Look at A Star is Born February 21, 2019 - 9:00 am\n * “How Can I Talk to My Abuser?” February 5, 2019 - 6:22 pm\n * Stalking Safety Planning January 25, 2019 - 12:50 pm\n * Healing Through the Arts January 18, 2019 - 12:00 pm\n * Aretha Franklin, A Legacy Survivor Story August 27, 2018 - 4:05 pm\n * Silent Scars of Domestic Abuse August 25, 2018 - 12:52 pm\n * Finding Closure After Abuse May 14, 2013 - 5:27 pm\n * Pregnancy and Abuse: How to Stay Safe for Your 9 Months July 23, 2013 - 9:00 am\n * When Your Partner Threatens Suicide August 21, 2014 - 9:00 am\n * When Money Becomes a Form of Power and Control July 9, 2013 - 6:30 pm\n\n * Recent\n\n * Celebrating FVPSA’s 35th Anniversary At The National Domestic Violence Hotline October 9, 2019 - 10:54 pm\n * A Closer Look at A Star is Born February 21, 2019 - 9:00 am\n * “How Can I Talk to My Abuser?” February 5, 2019 - 6:22 pm\n * Stalking Safety Planning January 25, 2019 - 12:50 pm\n * Healing Through the Arts January 18, 2019 - 12:00 pm\n * Aretha Franklin, A Legacy Survivor Story August 27, 2018 - 4:05 pm\n * Silent Scars of Domestic Abuse August 25, 2018 - 12:52 pm\n * The National Domestic Violence Hotline Focuses Week of Action on Survivors During COVID-19 June 10, 2020 - 3:52 pm\n * A Snapshot of Domestic Violence During COVID-19 June 5, 2020 - 3:36 pm\n * The Hotline Welcomes the Passage of the HEROES Act in the House, Urges Senate to Follow Suit May 26, 2020 - 7:36 pm\n * The Hotline Commends Passage of the CARES Act March 31, 2020 - 6:31 pm\n\n * Comments\n\n * My paraplegic son lives in fear and stays up all night especially on... March 31, 2016 - 2:18 pm by Lisa\n * Let me know if you helped the two first women, send me a... March 31, 2016 - 2:18 pm by Ella\n * Please send me a message to my email if you helped the two... March 31, 2016 - 2:18 pm by Emma\n * If someone help people here can you answer me. I want to know... March 31, 2016 - 2:18 pm by Laura\n\n### En Español\n\nEstamos en el proceso de traducir nuestra página de internet en español. Si\nnecesita información en español, por favor haga clic aquí.\n\nThis project was supported by Grant Number 90EV0426 from the Administration on\nChildren, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services. The opinions, findings, conclusions\nand recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s)\nand do not necessarily reflect the views of the Administration on Children,\nYouth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of\nHealth and Human Services.\n\nThis website is funded in part through a grant from the Office for Victims of\nCrime, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Neither the\nU.S. Department of Justice nor any or its components operate, control, are\nresponsible for, or necessarily endorse, this website (including, without\nlimitations, its content, technical infrastructure, and policies, and any\nservices or tools provided).\n\nExempted from federal income tax under the provisions of Section 501(c) (3) of\nthe Internal Revenue Code.\n\n© Copyright - National Domestic Violence Hotline | Privacy\n\nTrigger\n\nSafety Alert: Computer use can be monitored and is impossible to completely\nclear. If you are afraid your internet usage might be monitored, call the\nNational Domestic Violence Hotline at 1−800−799−7233 or TTY 1−800−787−3224.\nUsers of web browser Microsoft Edge will be redirected to Google when clicking\nthe “X” or “Escape” button.\n\nClick to go back to top of page.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.focusonthefamily.com/family-q-and-a/relationships-and-marriage/my-wife-is-physically-abusive", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171115052714/http://www.focusonthefamily.com/family-q-and-a/relationships-and-marriage/my-wife-is-physically-abusive", "parsed_text": { "title": "My Wife Is Physically Abusive", "passages": [ "How should I respond to a wife who has a tendency to resort to violence? Once or twice a year my spouse and I have a disagreement that escalates out of control. At such times she says the meanest, most irrational things about me, including \"I hate you.\" I have always remained calm and have never responded in kind, but this only enrages her to the point of violence. She throws things at me, even tries to hit and kick me or knee me in the crotch. So far I have not suffered serious injury, but I worry about what might happen if there were a knife or some other weapon handy. She's a pleasant and loving Christian woman most of the time, which makes it difficult for others to believe me or take my situation seriously. Am I overly concerned? What should I do?", "The short answer to your question is no. You are not unduly concerned. In fact, you need to take action, and you should do so as soon as possible. From our perspective, the urgency of the situation is underscored by your worries about what could happen if your wife had access to a weapon. This is a red flag that should not be ignored.", "Don't be lulled into complacency or a false sense of security by the infrequency of these episodes. It's true that in most cases of this nature the abusive behavior tends to surface far more regularly than \"once or twice a year.\" At least that's been our experience. But this doesn't mean that you should put your anxieties on the back burner. On the contrary, the potential for danger is very real. Domestic violence needs to be taken seriously wherever and whenever it raises its head.", "When a marriage turns abusive, most of us tend to assume that the man is the perpetrator and the woman is the victim. In your case, the stereotypical roles have been reversed. From one point of view, this may not seem to make a huge difference. But from your perspective it can mean that the trial becomes doubly painful to bear. For one thing it makes it harder for some people to believe your story. Apparently you've already discovered this. It also tends to place you under the burden of a certain social stigma. In practice, it presents you with all kinds of thorny questions about how you should react when your wife begins to lose control. You've demonstrated an admirable degree of self-restraint under pressure.", "That being said, you still need to confront her with a choice. You should not wait for another episode to occur to say, \"This kind of behavior is unacceptable and I'm not going to put up with it anymore.\" Insist that she seek professional help. Let her know that there will be consequences if she refuses. A spouse who is acting out in this fashion can sometimes be persuaded to make a change if her partner has the courage to create a crisis. Tell her, \"Either we both get counseling (separately), or I'm moving out until you're ready to help me resolve this problem.\" In many cases a therapeutic separation can provide the necessary motivation to get things moving in a positive direction. Naturally, you'll want to make sure that your support system is in place and that you actually have a safe place to go-the home of a friend, family member, or neighbor-before you put the matter to her in these terms. Lay your plans, line up your resources, and make your arrangements prior to packing your bags and walking out the door.", "In connection with this last piece of advice, it's important to add that we don't recommend that the two of you seek counseling as a couple, at least not in the beginning. It's far too easy for an abusive spouse to manipulate a joint counseling situation and subsequently turn it to her own advantage or use it as an excuse for further abusive behavior. You should also bear in mind that this probably isn't going to be a quick and easy process. Abuse is usually rooted in deeply entrenched patterns of thought and behavior, and you can't expect to reverse those patterns in a couple of counseling sessions.", "If at any time during this process your wife becomes violent, we'd urge you to respond directly and decisively. Your attitude should be one of zero tolerance. In other words, the next time she actually kicks you or strikes you, call 911. Let the police intervene and allow the process to unfold from there.", "By way of background, you should understand that your wife's behavior is almost certainly a symptom of a much deeper problem. In many ways, her volatility and impulsivity are reminiscent of borderline personality disorder. This is a serious psychological condition most often rooted in childhood attachment issues. It manifests itself through alternating extremes, intense and inappropriate anger, suicidal thoughts, and instability of mind and mood. Her actions could also be caused by depression or bipolar disorder. It's impossible to say for certain, of course, without a thorough psychological assessment. This is yet another reason for engaging the assistance of a trained professional.", "Focus on the Family's Counseling staff can provide you with referrals to qualified marriage and family therapists practicing in your area. They would also consider it a privilege to discuss your situation with you over the phone if you think this might be helpful. You can contact our Counseling Department for a free consultation at this number.", "Referrals Celebrate Recovery - Celebrate Recovery uses the \"8 Recovery Principles\" to help its members gain freedom from addictive, compulsive and dysfunctional behavior." ] }, "parsed_md": "My Wife Is Physically Abusive | Focus on the Family\n\n# Focus on the Family\n\n## Helping Families ThriveTM\n\n * Menu\n * Search\n\nDonate Strengthen families with your gift\n\nGIVE MONTHLY Help fund our ministry programs\n\n 1. Family Q&A\n\n# My Wife Is Physically Abusive\n\nHow should I respond to a wife who has a tendency to resort to violence? Once\nor twice a year my spouse and I have a disagreement that escalates out of\ncontrol. At such times she says the meanest, most irrational things about me,\nincluding \"I hate you.\" I have always remained calm and have never responded\nin kind, but this only enrages her to the point of violence. She throws things\nat me, even tries to hit and kick me or knee me in the crotch. So far I have\nnot suffered serious injury, but I worry about what might happen if there were\na knife or some other weapon handy. She's a pleasant and loving Christian\nwoman most of the time, which makes it difficult for others to believe me or\ntake my situation seriously. Am I overly concerned? What should I do?\n\nThe short answer to your question is no. You are not unduly concerned. In\nfact, you need to take action, and you should do so as soon as possible. From\nour perspective, the urgency of the situation is underscored by your worries\nabout what could happen if your wife had access to a weapon. This is a red\nflag that should not be ignored.\n\nDon't be lulled into complacency or a false sense of security by the\ninfrequency of these episodes. It's true that in most cases of this nature the\nabusive behavior tends to surface far more regularly than \"once or twice a\nyear.\" At least that's been our experience. But this doesn't mean that you\nshould put your anxieties on the back burner. On the contrary, the potential\nfor danger is very real. Domestic violence needs to be taken seriously\nwherever and whenever it raises its head.\n\nWhen a marriage turns abusive, most of us tend to assume that the man is the\nperpetrator and the woman is the victim. In your case, the stereotypical roles\nhave been reversed. From one point of view, this may not seem to make a huge\ndifference. But from your perspective it can mean that the trial becomes\ndoubly painful to bear. For one thing it makes it harder for some people to\nbelieve your story. Apparently you've already discovered this. It also tends\nto place you under the burden of a certain social stigma. In practice, it\npresents you with all kinds of thorny questions about how you should react\nwhen your wife begins to lose control. You've demonstrated an admirable degree\nof self-restraint under pressure.\n\nThat being said, you still need to confront her with a choice. You should not\nwait for another episode to occur to say, \"This kind of behavior is\nunacceptable and I'm not going to put up with it anymore.\" Insist that she\nseek professional help. Let her know that there will be consequences if she\nrefuses. A spouse who is acting out in this fashion can sometimes be persuaded\nto make a change if her partner has the courage to create a crisis. Tell her,\n\"Either we both get counseling (separately), or I'm moving out until you're\nready to help me resolve this problem.\" In many cases a therapeutic separation\ncan provide the necessary motivation to get things moving in a positive\ndirection. Naturally, you'll want to make sure that your support system is in\nplace and that you actually have a safe place to go-the home of a friend,\nfamily member, or neighbor-before you put the matter to her in these terms.\nLay your plans, line up your resources, and make your arrangements prior to\npacking your bags and walking out the door.\n\nIn connection with this last piece of advice, it's important to add that we\ndon't recommend that the two of you seek counseling as a couple, at least not\nin the beginning. It's far too easy for an abusive spouse to manipulate a\njoint counseling situation and subsequently turn it to her own advantage or\nuse it as an excuse for further abusive behavior. You should also bear in mind\nthat this probably isn't going to be a quick and easy process. Abuse is\nusually rooted in deeply entrenched patterns of thought and behavior, and you\ncan't expect to reverse those patterns in a couple of counseling sessions.\n\nIf at any time during this process your wife becomes violent, we'd urge you to\nrespond directly and decisively. Your attitude should be one of zero\ntolerance. In other words, the next time she actually kicks you or strikes\nyou, call 911. Let the police intervene and allow the process to unfold from\nthere.\n\nBy way of background, you should understand that your wife's behavior is\nalmost certainly a symptom of a much deeper problem. In many ways, her\nvolatility and impulsivity are reminiscent of borderline personality disorder.\nThis is a serious psychological condition most often rooted in childhood\nattachment issues. It manifests itself through alternating extremes, intense\nand inappropriate anger, suicidal thoughts, and instability of mind and mood.\nHer actions could also be caused by depression or bipolar disorder. It's\nimpossible to say for certain, of course, without a thorough psychological\nassessment. This is yet another reason for engaging the assistance of a\ntrained professional.\n\nFocus on the Family's Counseling staff can provide you with referrals to\nqualified marriage and family therapists practicing in your area. They would\nalso consider it a privilege to discuss your situation with you over the phone\nif you think this might be helpful. You can contact our Counseling Department\nfor a free consultation at this number.\n\nResources Healing the Wounds of Emotional Abuse\n\nThe Emotionally Destructive Relationship: Seeing It, Stopping It, Surviving It\n(book)\n\nNo More Christian Nice Guy (book)\n\nWounded by Words: Healing the Invisible Scars of Emotional Abuse (book)\n\nLove Must Be Tough: New Hope for Marriages in Crisis (book)\n\nBoundaries: When to Say Yes, How to Say No, to Take Control of Your Life\n(book)InMarriage\n\nReferrals Celebrate Recovery - Celebrate Recovery uses the \"8 Recovery\nPrinciples\" to help its members gain freedom from addictive, compulsive and\ndysfunctional behavior.\n\nArticles Play It Safe: Dealing With Domestic Violence\n\nMy Spouse Is Abusive\n\nUnderstanding Emotional Abuse\n\n 1. ↩\n\nCopyright © 2011, Focus on the Family. Used by permission.\n\nFocus on the Family\n\n© 1997–2017 Focus on the Family\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.domesticshelters.org/domestic-violence-articles-information/how-to-prove-nonphysical-abuse-in-court", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170210110430/https://www.domesticshelters.org/domestic-violence-articles-information/how-to-prove-nonphysical-abuse-in-court", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Prove Nonphysical Abuse in Court", "passages": [ "When trying to prove domestic violence in court, some survivors wear the evidence on their skin in the form of bruises, scars and black eyes. They have medical records and recorded 911 calls. But for survivors of nonphysical types of abuse—verbal, psychological, emotional and financial, to name a few—there is often little, if any, hard evidence besides their own account of what they endured.", "In addition to securing an attorney, how can survivors best prove nonphysical abuse in court, especially when they’re trying to obtain custody of their children? We asked Heather Debreceni for her advice. Debreceni is a former deputy sheriff turned professional divorce coach, which is exactly what it sounds like. “I support the person who’s going through a divorce. I help them understand the language attorneys are using, help them organize evidence for court, help them prepare for the questions they’ll get in court.” She’s based in Colorado, but travels throughout the U.S. to help soon-to-be divorcees, or coaches her clients via Skype.", "Debreceni is also a survivor of domestic abuse. Her own divorce and proceeding custody case stretched on for nine years. After learning how to navigate the legal system, she knew she wanted to help others do the same. She specializes in high-conflict divorces, those that can’t reach any kind of settlement so both parties wind up in and out of court repeatedly.", "Debreceni: Only about 4-5 percent are high conflict—usually involving high assets or kids—those are the things people fight about the most. And of those, anywhere from 35 to 80 percent involve domestic violence of some kind. Laws are not the same in every state. What may be considered abuse in California isn’t the same in Florida.", "DS.org: I’m assuming it’s far more difficult to prove non-physical types of abuse, such as psychological or verbal abuse, in divorce cases where a woman wants to retain custody of her children. Before a woman even enters what she assumes will be a high-conflict divorce, how can she prepare herself to have the best chance of securing custody?", "Debreceni: Get a therapist that specializes in these types of abuse. They will help you, as a third party perspective, to tell your story. Even if you can get an advocate from a domestic violence shelter, or go to group counseling—see if they’ll testify on your behalf. Then it won’t just be your word against his in court.", "Debreceni: If they’re only party to hearsay, there’s really no benefit. If they actually witnessed it happening, then the next question you need to ask, how will having them testify impact my relationship? Would they feel like they are being put in the middle? It’s hard to ask people to get involved in a high-conflict divorce and it might be better to preserve that relationship.", "Debreceni: The best way to protect yourself: writing or journaling as much as you possibly can. There’s an app where you can download your text messages and keep them in a file. Keep your messages brief and factual, and avoid emotion, whatever you do. Emotion can’t be proved in court, but facts can. Some states also allow you to record phone conversations, so you can record threats from your abuser.", "Debreceni: My experience is that the percentage of women who are trying to abuse the system is insignificant. The reality is that there are far more women who just give up [trying to prove non-physical abuse] because it’s just so hard. You just want it to stop. You just want to live your life. You’re literally fighting for your kids. It is an overwhelming challenge to face. It’s really isolating. And you feel like no one’s going to believe what you’re saying. It can be really difficult, but it can be done.", "I tell my clients the only way I’ll work with them is if they do it with integrity. You have to be honest and factual in everything you do. You’re not out there trying to create or manufacture proof. And if you make a mistake, own it. Reasonably articulate why you made that choice. As long as you’re doing that and being factual, you’re letting the evidence create itself. When you go to court and you’re talking to the judge or mediator or police officer, you can hand them your evidence of what’s happening, accounts from the third- party people who can back you up and then you’re no longer the ‘crazy lady’ who’s making this up.", "Debreceni: Yes, it’s about control. It’s about retribution. The only way to continue control is through the one thing they still have in common—the kids. As long as the kids are a viable means to an end, they’ll continue to use it. Abusers use what works.", "The courts look at what’s in the best interest for the children. Attorneys will tell clients, your best case scenario is to hope for 50/50 custody. If the abuse was extreme, then out of fear that the abuse will be enacted on the children, they will try to get full custody. But unless there’s a documented history, it’s really hard to get full custody.", "We make finding the right shelter and information about domestic violence easier. Instead of searching the Internet, it is all right here. We’ve painstakingly verified information on shelters in LA to shelters in NY, and every domestic violence program in between. If you or a friend is suffering from physical abuse, emotional abuse, psychological abuse or verbal abuse, this free service can help. Select domestic violence programs based on location, service and language needs. Find 24-hour hotlines in your area, service listings, and helpful articles on domestic violence statistics, signs and cycles of abuse, housing services, emergency services, legal and financial services, support groups for women, children and families, and more." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Prove Nonphysical Abuse in Court\n\nHome Articles How to Prove Nonphysical Abuse in Court\n\nnotes\n\n# How to Prove Nonphysical Abuse in Court\n\nSteps you can take before you enter the courtroom\n\n * October 05, 2015\n * By domesticshelters.org\n * Print Article\n\nWhen trying to prove domestic violence in court, some survivors wear the\nevidence on their skin in the form of bruises, scars and black eyes. They have\nmedical records and recorded 911 calls. But for survivors of nonphysical types\nof abuse—verbal, psychological, emotional and financial, to name a few—there\nis often little, if any, hard evidence besides their own account of what they\nendured.\n\nIn addition to securing an attorney, how can survivors best prove nonphysical\nabuse in court, especially when they’re trying to obtain custody of their\nchildren? We asked Heather Debreceni for her advice. Debreceni is a former\ndeputy sheriff turned professional divorce coach, which is exactly what it\nsounds like. “I support the person who’s going through a divorce. I help them\nunderstand the language attorneys are using, help them organize evidence for\ncourt, help them prepare for the questions they’ll get in court.” She’s based\nin Colorado, but travels throughout the U.S. to help soon-to-be divorcees, or\ncoaches her clients via Skype.\n\nDebreceni is also a survivor of domestic abuse. Her own divorce and proceeding\ncustody case stretched on for nine years. After learning how to navigate the\nlegal system, she knew she wanted to help others do the same. She specializes\nin high-conflict divorces, those that can’t reach any kind of settlement so\nboth parties wind up in and out of court repeatedly.\n\nDomesticShelters.org: How prominent are high-conflict divorces when domestic\nviolence is present?\n\nDebreceni: Only about 4-5 percent are high conflict—usually involving high\nassets or kids—those are the things people fight about the most. And of those,\nanywhere from 35 to 80 percent involve domestic violence of some kind. Laws\nare not the same in every state. What may be considered abuse in California\nisn’t the same in Florida.\n\nDS.org: I’m assuming it’s far more difficult to prove non-physical types of\nabuse, such as psychological or verbal abuse, in divorce cases where a woman\nwants to retain custody of her children. Before a woman even enters what she\nassumes will be a high-conflict divorce, how can she prepare herself to have\nthe best chance of securing custody?\n\nDebreceni: Get a therapist that specializes in these types of abuse. They will\nhelp you, as a third party perspective, to tell your story. Even if you can\nget an advocate from a domestic violence shelter, or go to group\ncounseling—see if they’ll testify on your behalf. Then it won’t just be your\nword against his in court.\n\n### Sign up for emails\n\nReceive new and helpful articles weekly. Sign up here.\n\nDS.org: Does it help to ask your family, friends or coworkers to testify on\nyour behalf about the violence?\n\nDebreceni: If they’re only party to hearsay, there’s really no benefit. If\nthey actually witnessed it happening, then the next question you need to ask,\nhow will having them testify impact my relationship? Would they feel like they\nare being put in the middle? It’s hard to ask people to get involved in a\nhigh-conflict divorce and it might be better to preserve that relationship.\n\nDS.org: What else can be used as evidence of non-physical abuse?\n\nDebreceni: The best way to protect yourself: writing or journaling as much as\nyou possibly can. There’s an app where you can download your text messages and\nkeep them in a file. Keep your messages brief and factual, and avoid emotion,\nwhatever you do. Emotion can’t be proved in court, but facts can. Some states\nalso allow you to record phone conversations, so you can record threats from\nyour abuser.\n\nDS.org: What about people who claim some women lie about abuse to gain an\nadvantage in a custody case?\n\nDebreceni: My experience is that the percentage of women who are trying to\nabuse the system is insignificant. The reality is that there are far more\nwomen who just give up [trying to prove non-physical abuse] because it’s just\nso hard. You just want it to stop. You just want to live your life. You’re\nliterally fighting for your kids. It is an overwhelming challenge to face.\nIt’s really isolating. And you feel like no one’s going to believe what you’re\nsaying. It can be really difficult, but it can be done.\n\nI tell my clients the only way I’ll work with them is if they do it with\nintegrity. You have to be honest and factual in everything you do. You’re not\nout there trying to create or manufacture proof. And if you make a mistake,\nown it. Reasonably articulate why you made that choice. As long as you’re\ndoing that and being factual, you’re letting the evidence create itself. When\nyou go to court and you’re talking to the judge or mediator or police officer,\nyou can hand them your evidence of what’s happening, accounts from the third-\nparty people who can back you up and then you’re no longer the ‘crazy lady’\nwho’s making this up.\n\nDS.org: Do many abusers use a custody battle as another means of power and\ncontrol over a survivor?\n\nDebreceni: Yes, it’s about control. It’s about retribution. The only way to\ncontinue control is through the one thing they still have in common—the kids.\nAs long as the kids are a viable means to an end, they’ll continue to use it.\nAbusers use what works.\n\nThe courts look at what’s in the best interest for the children. Attorneys\nwill tell clients, your best case scenario is to hope for 50/50 custody. If\nthe abuse was extreme, then out of fear that the abuse will be enacted on the\nchildren, they will try to get full custody. But unless there’s a documented\nhistory, it’s really hard to get full custody.\n\n### Related Articles\n\n * ###### Escaping With Older Kids\n\n * ###### When Survivors Are Forced to Use\n\n * ###### Do I Need a Lawyer?\n\n * ###### The Battle for Pet Custody\n\n * ###### Will My Abuser Retaliate?\n\n#### Search Articles\n\n## Receive new and helpful articles weekly. Sign up here.\n\n#### Categories\n\n * After Abuse\n * Ask Amanda\n * Child Custody\n * Childhood Domestic Violence\n * Children and Teens\n * Domestic Violence\n * Escaping Violence\n * Health\n * Heroes\n * Housing\n * Human Trafficking\n * Identifying Abuse\n * In the News\n * Legal\n * Pets\n * Protecting Personal Affects\n * Protection Orders\n * Relationships\n * Safety Planning\n * Statistics\n * Survivor Stories\n * Taking Care of You\n * Workplace and Employment\n * Your Voice\n\n#### Most Recent Articles\n\n * ###### Modifying Memories\n\n * ###### Are Absentee Parents Abusive?\n\n * ###### Multinational Employers and Domestic Violence\n\n * ###### Volunteering to Heal\n\n * ###### Ask Amanda: I'm Afraid My Partner Is Going to...\n\nview all\n\n#### Twitter Feed\n\nFollow @domesticshelters\n\n * ## About Domestic Shelters\n\nWe make finding the right shelter and information about domestic violence\neasier. Instead of searching the Internet, it is all right here. We’ve\npainstakingly verified information on shelters in LA to shelters in NY, and\nevery domestic violence program in between. If you or a friend is suffering\nfrom physical abuse, emotional abuse, psychological abuse or verbal abuse,\nthis free service can help. Select domestic violence programs based on\nlocation, service and language needs. Find 24-hour hotlines in your area,\nservice listings, and helpful articles on domestic violence statistics, signs\nand cycles of abuse, housing services, emergency services, legal and financial\nservices, support groups for women, children and families, and more.\n\n## Domestic Violence FAQs\n\n * Domestic Violence Statistics\n * How to Get a Personal Protection Order\n * Profile of an Abuser\n * A Deadly Cycle\n * Abusive Red Flags Everyone Should Know\n * What is Domestic Violence?\n * Signs of a Violent Relationship\n * When It's Time to Go: Part I\n\nHave more questions? Visit our FAQ.\n\n * ## Domestic Shelters by State\n\n * Alberta\n * Alaska\n * Alabama\n * Arkansas\n * Arizona\n * British Columbia\n * California\n * Colorado\n * Connecticut\n * District of Columbia\n * Delaware\n * Florida\n * Georgia\n * Hawaii\n * Iowa\n * Idaho\n * Illinois\n * Indiana\n * Kansas\n * Kentucky\n * Louisiana\n * Massachusetts\n * Manitoba\n * Maryland\n * Maine\n * Michigan\n * Minnesota\n * Missouri\n * Mississippi\n * Montana\n * New Brunswick\n * North Carolina\n * North Dakota\n * Nebraska\n * New Hampshire\n * New Jersey\n * Newfoundland\n * New Mexico\n * Nova Scotia\n * Northwest Territories\n * Nunavut\n * Nevada\n * New York\n * Ohio\n * Oklahoma\n * Ontario\n * Oregon\n * Pennsylvania\n * Prince Edward\n * Puerto Rico\n * Quebec\n * Rhode Island\n * South Carolina\n * South Dakota\n * Saskatchewan\n * Tennessee\n * Texas\n * Utah\n * Virginia\n * Virgin Islands\n * Vermont\n * Washington\n * Wisconsin\n * West Virginia\n * Wyoming\n * Yukon\n\n * About\n * News\n * Contact\n * Advertise\n * Add/Claim Location\n\nCopyright © 2017 Theresa's Fund, Inc., an Arizona 501(c)3. All rights reserved\nPrivacy Policy | Terms of Use\n\n * Find Help\n * Topics\n * Lists\n * Surveys\n * Statistics\n * Memes\n * Infographics\n * Books\n * State Summaries\n * Assessment Tools\n * National/Global Groups\n * Online Forums/Chats\n * Widgets\n * State Coalitions\n * Wish Lists\n * Cash Donations\n * Login\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.healthyplace.com/abuse/verbal-abuse/your-verbally-abusive-wife-what-can-you-do", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201030015910/https://www.healthyplace.com/abuse/verbal-abuse/your-verbally-abusive-wife-what-can-you-do", "parsed_text": { "title": "Your Verbally Abusive Wife, What Can You Do?", "passages": [ "Almost every abused man struggles with admitting he has a verbally abusive wife, so they do not seek support as readily as women do. There is hardly any support available specifically for men, gay or straight, if they want to leave an abusive relationship. The simple explanation is that most research on domestic abuse historically focuses on verbally abused women.^3 There is not much out there that explains the underlying conflicts in a marriage where verbally abusive women commit harm, so helping agencies do not know how to reach out to abused men effectively.", "But wait, there is more bad news. Patricia Evans, verbal abuse expert and author on several books explaining verbal abuse, has this disappointing news:", "\"...although I've seen men change, I have never seen a woman transform from seriously verbally abusing her mate to treating him with empathy. The therapists I've talked with about this issue have not seen verbally abusive women change either...please know that the odds are against your partner changing.\"^1", "Why is it so unusual for a verbally abusive wife to change? For a woman to lack empathy and completely disconnect from everything that our culture says constitutes femininity (i.e. intuition, receptiveness) she must be very severely psychologically damaged, practically beyond repair.^1", "What's different between verbally abusive wives and husbands who abuse? One big difference is that women are not born with male privilege (they cannot base their power over their victim on societal views promoting patriarchy), so they must find another way to control and create fear through verbal abuse. In about 50% of cases, verbally abusive wives find that power in threats to \"manipulate the system\"^2 - accuse their husband of abuse and have him arrested.", "Typically, abusive women go about verbally and emotionally abusing men just as men go about abusing women. They use coercion and threats, emotional abuse, intimidation, blaming, minimizing, denying, isolation, economic abuse, and the children, plus more.^2", "So what is a man to do about his verbally abusive wife? The techniques used to help a verbally abusive man change probably won't work.^1 Divorce is a scary option when children are involved because, despite stories to the contrary, mothers retain custody a majority of the time and family courts are not good at discerning abusive parents from non-abusive ones.^4", "Setting personal boundaries and following through with them will protect the victim from exposure to verbal abuse and help them gain clarity about their relationship.", "In the end, the verbally abused man asks the same question as any other victim of abuse: Is this relationship worth the effort and energy it requires? (See also: How to Stop Verbal Abuse and How to Deal with a Verbally Abusive Husband or Boyfriend)", "Depression quotes and sayings about depression can provide insight into what it's like living with depression as well as inspiration and a feeling of \"someone gets it...", "Rape victim stories can be very difficult to read, frightening and emotionally draining for some but stories of rape show other victims that they are not alone in their struggles. Rape stories...", "Positive inspirational quotes are good for people with depression to have on- hand. Depression can make life so gray that you aren’t sure where the sunshine is hiding or if it will return....", "These quotes on mental health, quotes on mental illness are insightful and inspirational. The beautiful images for these mental health quotes provide an emotional backdrop...", "Every woman on earth has fantasized about some explicit sexual fantasy that she may or may not have been too ashamed to talk about. Whether it's your girlfriend or your wife, this top ten...", "These abuse quotes address all types of abuse, including child sexual abuse, rape, and domestic violence as well as related abuse mental health issues such as..." ] }, "parsed_md": "Your Verbally Abusive Wife, What Can You Do? | HealthyPlace\n\nSkip to main content\n\nadvertisement\n\nadvertisement\n\n# Your Verbally Abusive Wife, What Can You Do?\n\nKellie Holly\n\nAlmost every abused man struggles with admitting he has a verbally abusive\nwife, so they do not seek support as readily as women do. There is hardly any\nsupport available specifically for men, gay or straight, if they want to leave\nan abusive relationship. The simple explanation is that most research on\ndomestic abuse historically focuses on verbally abused women.^3 There is not\nmuch out there that explains the underlying conflicts in a marriage where\nverbally abusive women commit harm, so helping agencies do not know how to\nreach out to abused men effectively.\n\nBut wait, there is more bad news. Patricia Evans, verbal abuse expert and\nauthor on several books explaining verbal abuse, has this disappointing news:\n\n\"...although I've seen men change, I have never seen a woman transform from\nseriously verbally abusing her mate to treating him with empathy. The\ntherapists I've talked with about this issue have not seen verbally abusive\nwomen change either...please know that the odds are against your partner\nchanging.\"^1\n\nThis applies to women in lesbian relationships also.\n\nWhy is it so unusual for a verbally abusive wife to change? For a woman to\nlack empathy and completely disconnect from everything that our culture says\nconstitutes femininity (i.e. intuition, receptiveness) she must be very\nseverely psychologically damaged, practically beyond repair.^1\n\n## A Verbally Abusive Wife is Different\n\nWhat's different between verbally abusive wives and husbands who abuse? One\nbig difference is that women are not born with male privilege (they cannot\nbase their power over their victim on societal views promoting patriarchy), so\nthey must find another way to control and create fear through verbal abuse. In\nabout 50% of cases, verbally abusive wives find that power in threats to\n\"manipulate the system\"^2 - accuse their husband of abuse and have him\narrested.\n\nTypically, abusive women go about verbally and emotionally abusing men just as\nmen go about abusing women. They use coercion and threats, emotional abuse,\nintimidation, blaming, minimizing, denying, isolation, economic abuse, and the\nchildren, plus more.^2\n\n## Dealing with Verbal Abuse From Wife\n\nSo what is a man to do about his verbally abusive wife? The techniques used to\nhelp a verbally abusive man change probably won't work.^1 Divorce is a scary\noption when children are involved because, despite stories to the contrary,\nmothers retain custody a majority of the time and family courts are not good\nat discerning abusive parents from non-abusive ones.^4\n\n * Setting personal boundaries and following through with them will protect the victim from exposure to verbal abuse and help them gain clarity about their relationship.\n * Spending time with friends and attending a support group will help build strength and determination.\n * Calling an abuse hotline will give victims an understanding ear and helpful resources.\n * Attending counseling with a therapist familiar with the dynamics of abuse is very helpful.\n * Research into trauma theory could be especially helpful in determining creative ways victims can deal with verbally abusive wives.\n\nIn the end, the verbally abused man asks the same question as any other victim\nof abuse: Is this relationship worth the effort and energy it requires? (See\nalso: How to Stop Verbal Abuse and How to Deal with a Verbally Abusive Husband\nor Boyfriend)\n\narticle references\n\nnext: Dealing with Verbal Abuse at Work ~ all articles on verbal abuse ~ all\narticles on abuse issues\n\nAPA Reference Holly, K. (2012, July 30). Your Verbally Abusive Wife, What Can\nYou Do?, HealthyPlace. Retrieved on 2020, October 29 from\nhttps://www.healthyplace.com/abuse/verbal-abuse/your-verbally-abusive-wife-\nwhat-can-you-do\n\nLast Updated: May 3, 2019\n\nMedically reviewed by Harry Croft, MD\n\n## Related Articles\n\nWhat Is Verbal Abuse?\n\nDealing with Verbal Abuse at Work\n\nVerbally Abusive Men and Women: Why Do They Abuse?\n\nArticles on Verbal Abuse\n\n## More Info\n\n#### Laws on Child Abuse. What Constitutes Child Abuse?\n\n#### Warning Signs of Self-Harm\n\n#### What is Psychological Abuse of a Child?\n\n#### Abuse, Self-Injury and Dissociative Disorders Conference Transcripts\nTable of Contents\n\n#### Rape Victims Wishes She Had Gone to the Police\n\n#### Articles on Sexual Assault\n\n#### I Cut Myself: The Shame and Secrecy of Self-Harm\n\n## Follow Us\n\nadvertisement\n\n## Popular Articles\n\nDepression Quotes & Sayings That Capture Life with Depression\n\nQuotes and Sayings About Depression\n\nDepression quotes and sayings about depression can provide insight into what\nit's like living with depression as well as inspiration and a feeling of\n\"someone gets it...\n\nRape Victim Stories: Real Stories of Being Raped\n\nRape victim stories can be very difficult to read, frightening and emotionally\ndraining for some but stories of rape show other victims that they are not\nalone in their struggles. Rape stories...\n\nPositive Inspirational Quotes for People with Depression\n\nPositive inspirational quotes are good for people with depression to have on-\nhand. Depression can make life so gray that you aren’t sure where the sunshine\nis hiding or if it will return....\n\nQuotes on Mental Health and Mental Illness\n\nInsightful Mental Health Quotes\n\nThese quotes on mental health, quotes on mental illness are insightful and\ninspirational. The beautiful images for these mental health quotes provide an\nemotional backdrop...\n\nWomen's Top 10 Sexual Fantasies\n\nsexual fantasies\n\nEvery woman on earth has fantasized about some explicit sexual fantasy that\nshe may or may not have been too ashamed to talk about. Whether it's your\ngirlfriend or your wife, this top ten...\n\nQuotes on Abuse\n\nInsightful Quotes on Abuse Issues\n\nThese abuse quotes address all types of abuse, including child sexual abuse,\nrape, and domestic violence as well as related abuse mental health issues such\nas...\n\n## Mental Health Newsletter\n\nadvertisement\n\n#### Health On the Net Foundation\n\nThis site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\ninformation: verify here.\n\n#### Mental Health Awards\n\nadvertisement\n\n2020 HealthyPlace Inc. All Rights Reserved. Site last updated October 29, 2020\n\n" } ]
7,495
How To Get Rich
There is not one guaranteed way to become rich. For most people, the best path to building wealth relies on a combination of expanding your earning potential, spending wisely, avoiding debt, saving money, and investing carefully. Becoming wealthy starts by earning good money. You can do this in many ways: going to school, getting higher education and joining a high-paying profession; working your way up in a professional trade; or launching a successful small business; among other things. Avoid debt whenever possible, especially credit card debt, which carries a high interest rate. If you do have credit card or other high-interest debt, pay that down as soon as you can. As you build your income, focus on saving money by living within your means, spending your money carefully, and saving as much as you can. Put a portion of your income into your savings and investments before spending it on other things. A 401k, IRA, or other tax advantaged investment plans are also a good way to earn long term wealth, especially if your employer offers matching contributions. Make the most of your investments by investing in broad-based low-fee funds, like S&P 500 index funds, or targeted retirement funds that invest in a broad portfolio and adjust the balance of stocks and bonds over time to maximize returns when you are young and protect your assets as you get older. While there’s no guarantee that any path will make you wealthy, by following these steps, you’ll be in the best a good position to get rich and gain financial independence.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112013938/https://www.askmen.com:443/money/career_150/177c_career.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211214011221/https://www.carsdirect.com/used-car-prices/why-does-a-new-car-lose-value-after-its-driven-off-the-lot", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180814203935/https://www.marketwatch.com/story/will-social-security-be-there-for-you-2013-07-09" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.askmen.com:443/money/career_150/177c_career.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112013938/https://www.askmen.com:443/money/career_150/177c_career.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Power & Money", "passages": [ "AskMen, Become a Better Man, Big Shiny Things, Mantics and guyQ are among the federally registered trademarks of Ziff Davis Canada, Inc. and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission." ] }, "parsed_md": "Power & Money - AskMen\n\nAskMen\n\n * Sign up Log in\n\nAskMen\n\n * 0\n\nShares\n\nMessages You have no messages\n\nNotifications You have no notifications\n\nLog out My guyQ My Stacks Settings\n\nAskMen\n\nguyQ\n\nNews\n\nAll Career & Money Dating Entertainment Food & Booze Health Home & Auto Style\n& Fashion Tech Black Friday\n\nSex\n\nAll Sex Positions Sex Tips Sex Toys & Games Sexual Experiences Sexual Health\n\nDating\n\nAll Dating Advice Dating Experiences Best Online Dating Sites Relationship\nAdvice\n\nGrooming\n\nAll Fragrances Hair Shaving Skin\n\nStyle\n\nAll Accessories Fashion Advice Fashion Trends Shopping Underwear Watches\n\nFitness\n\nAll Health Mental Health Nutrition Weight Loss Workout\n\nGear\n\nAll Hobby Home Tech Toys Travel Work\n\nMan Skills\n\nAll Auto Essential Home Random Survival\n\nAmplify\n\nSubscribe\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Hide\n\n# Power & Money\n\nNext Page\n\nNews\n\nCareer & Money Dating Entertainment Food & Booze Health Home & Auto Style &\nFashion Tech Black Friday\n\nSex\n\nSex Positions Sex Tips Sex Toys & Games Sexual Experiences Sexual Health\n\nDating\n\nDating Advice Dating Experiences Best Online Dating Sites Relationship Advice\n\nGrooming\n\nFragrances Hair Shaving Skin\n\nStyle\n\nAccessories Fashion Advice Fashion Trends Shopping Underwear Watches\n\nFitness\n\nHealth Mental Health Nutrition Weight Loss Workout\n\nGear\n\nHobby Home Tech Toys Travel Work\n\nMan Skills\n\nAuto Essential Home Random Survival\n\nDeals\n\nHealth Deals Home Deals Style Deals Tech Deals\n\nCareer & Money\n\nCareer Money Productivity Self-Improvement\n\nHome & Auto\n\nAuto Home Parenting Pets Tools\n\nGifting\n\nAnniversaries Birthdays Father's Day Holidays Mother's Day Valentine's Day\nWeddings\n\nReviews\n\nBest Subscription Services Classes Meal Kits Products\n\nFood & Booze\n\nBooze Food\n\nEntertainment\n\nCelebs Guy Perspective Media Music Sports Travel TV & Film\n\nAskMen on Facebook\n\nAskMen on Twitter\n\nAskMen on Flipboard\n\nAskMen on Google News\n\nTop Stories\n\n49 Unique Birthday Gifts for Him Best Back Exercises With Dumbbells Best\nElectric Shavers Best Free Dating Sites Best Sex Positions to Improve Your Sex\nLife The Best Sex Toys for Couples\n\n© 2020 Ziff Davis Canada, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\nAskMen, Become a Better Man, Big Shiny Things, Mantics and guyQ are among the\nfederally registered trademarks of Ziff Davis Canada, Inc. and may not be used\nby third parties without explicit permission.\n\nMedia Kit Contact Us Terms of Use Privacy Policy Accessibility Statement Do\nNot Sell My Personal Information\n\nIGN PCMag Offers.com Geek ExtremeTech Toolbox SpeedTest\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.carsdirect.com/used-car-prices/why-does-a-new-car-lose-value-after-its-driven-off-the-lot", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211214011221/https://www.carsdirect.com/used-car-prices/why-does-a-new-car-lose-value-after-its-driven-off-the-lot", "parsed_text": { "title": "Why Does a New Car Lose Value After It's Driven off the Lot?", "passages": [ "Knowing that a new car depreciates the minute you drive it off the lot is disheartening. Depreciation occurs in all cars, and there are several reasons why this happens.", "When you drive a car off the lot, you have agreed to pay the dealer a certain amount of money for the car. Even if you only drive it down the road and change your mind, you are now looking at a car that is only worth the wholesale value. The wholesale value is always less than the original retail value of the car. For a brand new car this initial depreciation can be in the thousands.", "How well you maintain a car, the model of the car and the mileage of the car also affect the depreciated value. Some cars are more sought after, and therefore retain a higher value throughout their life.", "A new car depreciates or loses value almost immediately after you drive it off a dealer's lot. As a quick rule of thumb, a car will lose between 15% and 20% of its value each year according to Bankrate.com. A car in its second year will be worth 80% to 85% of its first year value and a car in its third year will be worth 80% to 85% of its second-year value.", "Influences on a New Car's Depreciation The amount that a vehicle depreciates varies depending on the make, model, year, type and other factors associated with the car. If you are looking to retain as much value as you can for your new car, there are some tips that will influence the rate of depreciation for your vehicle.", "The Color of Your New Car Believe it or not, the color of the car will influence the rate of depreciation. Cars that have a neutral paint color such as black or silver retain more value than those with more exotic paint colors. This is because neutral colors tend to remain popular in the future, resulting in a higher resale value than those that have been customized to fit the personality of the owner.", "Maintenance and Reputation New cars with low maintenance and a reputation for high quality also have good resale values and lower depreciation rates. Brands such as Toyota and Honda enjoy good maintenance records and have a reputation for being very well built cars.", "Lots of new car buyers are always looking a few steps down the road to the time when they eventually want to re-sell their vehicle. This is only natural, as not all drivers want to keep a car or truck for the entirety of its driving life (which may be several decades). Rather than drive around in an outdated model, they rely on a good solid used car private sale to get them into a newer vehicle. Others trade in at dealerships. Either way, there are some guidelines for getting the most out of your used car.", "Complete regularly scheduled maintenance. To keep your car or truck in its best shape long term, make sure you get any oil changes and tune-ups done. Many shops and dealers offer service by the mileage, for example, 60k or 100k miles services, to keep a vehicle at the top of its game. Without these needed checks, engine problems or other major issues can ground a car or truck while it otherwise would still be in its prime.", "Keep the service records. A buyer of a used car will often want to see how that vehicle has been maintained over its prior life. When you have the service records handy, showing that you have done all of the work to keep a vehicle in good condition, you're adding value to your sale.", "Keep the interior clean. One huge problem with resale of a vehicle concerns its interior. Seats, dashboards, and all internal areas of the vehicle need to be in excellent shape for a premium sale price. Otherwise, bad interior conditions will be a red flag to the buyer. Buyers like to negotiate prices downward for cosmetic problems in the interior of a vehicle.", "Garage the vehicle. Another way to wreck the resale value of a vehicle is to let its paint job get weathered to the point where it looks bad. Garaging a vehicle means its exterior will be spotless, and this will also bring a great resale price. If you don't have a garage, keeping your vehicle under a vinyl cover is another good option.", "Keep features in shape. As a car ages, all of those extras start to go. Power windows, seats and other electrical features gradually wear down and stop working. The air conditioning system gets leaks or runs out of refrigerant. Tape decks or CD players start developing troublesome problems. All of these will bring resale price down. One way to slow the gradual decay of features is to avoid over-using them, or to do any maintenance before the problems get too big to fix.", "Add more features. Some owners who want great resale prices go a step further with features: they upgrade their vehicle for the road ahead with neat accessories including engine accessories, lights, tinting or aftermarket stereo add-ons. One of the most popular fixes is to install new speakers for the best sound possible in the interior of the vehicle.", "The above will help a driver to keep a lot of value in what can be a huge investment: a car or truck that will eventually get sold out of the owner's hands.", "Purchasing a used or new car is a great feeling. However just like your parents may have told you when you drove your first car, a car means responsibility. Except in this case, your responsibility is to yourself. Maintaining a car in good condition helps save its value from depreciation, which is going to save you money in the long run; especially when you decide to replace it.", "There are a few simple steps you can take to keep your car looking and running like new for as long as possible:", "Use the owner's manual for routine maintenance. Look in the owner's manual for the car so you know the manufacturers' recommended service intervals and do your best to follow them. Unfortunately, maintenance can be costly; but it's much cheaper and easier to budget routine maintenance for a car then having to pay for major repairs. The owner's manual usually has a place where you can record the services you perform. It's a good idea to save your receipts each time you have the vehicle repaired or have maintenance done; even a simple oil change. This will come in handy when you sell the car in the future; it shows that you've done your best to keep the car running well.", "Keep it clean. These days a lot of us are pressed for time and it's hard to make the time to do something as simple as vacuuming your car's floor, or wiping off the dash. However, the reality is that keeping your car clean will keep it looking newer for longer; not just because there's not dirt and trash laying around, but because leaving these things contribute to wear and tear on your car's interior. Old drink cups and cans leak, leaving stains. Dirt and grit in the carpet has an effect like rubbing the floor with sandpaper, wearing out the fibers much faster than they would otherwise. Use armor-all or a similar cleaner on the vinyl and leather surfaces in the car. This helps protect them from wear and sun damage. You can tell when a car's interior has been properly taken care of, because it stays looking great for years.", "Listen to what your car is telling you. There are a variety of different warnings that your car will give you if something is wrong. Get out of your car every once in awhile and listen to the engine for any noises. Even keep a record of what you hear so you can check for changes. There's probably a \"notes\" section in the back of your owner's manual so you can track of this. Check your fluids on a schedule; it's easy to do and it's one of the most important and most neglected aspects of car care. You don't have to do it every day, just do it periodically. Try doing it every third fill-up of fuel to make sure you're keeping everything in the car at the proper levels. Always pay attention to the lights and indicators on the dash. These are your last warning that something is seriously wrong. If one of these warnings is activated, you should stop driving immediately and look in your owner's manual so you know the proper steps to take to avoid damage to your car.", "There may be a need to sell your brand new car for one reason or another. You may just want to get it off your hands so you can get another car or you may no longer be able to afford it. Luckily, there are plenty of options available to you if you decide to sell your car. Here are a few things to keep in mind.", "Finding a Buyer Whether you place an ad in a newspaper, or use online sources, you will fare better if you sell your car to a private individual. Using a new car as a trade in for another car usually won't get you the best price. You can find a private buyer who can finance the car on their own, then simply transfer ownership via a title transfer and the car is then out of your hands.", "Donating Your Car There may be a time where donation seems like a better idea. This is common for people who have to leave the country for work and don't have time to deal with selling the car. You are still responsible for the payments, and won't be able to donate your car unless it's been paid off. Donating your car is also a good idea if you want the tax deduction. You can donate your car locally to a variety of agencies. A quick Internet search will show you many places that will pick up the car for no charge.", "Don't Just Let It Go A lot of people in a financial bind will end up just abandoning their cars. They figure if they can't make the payments, and can't find a buyer, that just leaving it somewhere is the best option. This is never the case though. The finance company will still hold you responsible for the payments. Abandoned cars are also more likely to be vandalized and stolen from. You will end up being responsible for any damage as well.", "Selling a brand new car doesn't have to be a hassle or a headache. With the right tools and some patience, you can find the perfect buyer." ] }, "parsed_md": "Why Does a New Car Lose Value After It's Driven off the Lot? - CarsDirect\n\n * 1-888-227-7347\n * Help\n\n * Saved Vehicles0\n * Saved Searches0\n\nCars Direct\n\n * New Cars\n * Used Cars\n * New Car Deals\n * Auto Loans\n * Videos\n\nSend Feedback\n\n * Home\n * Used Car Prices\n * Find a Used Car Price\n\n * Used Car Prices\n\n * Find a Used Car Price\n * Getting the Best Used Car Price\n * Used Truck Pricing\n\n## Featured Stories\n\n * Used Car Prices: Private vs. Dealer Pricing\n\n * Find a Used Car Price\n\n# Why Does a New Car Lose Value After It's Driven off the Lot?\n\nMarch 11, 2020\n\n### Personal finance gurus advise buying a late model used car over a new car\ndue to first-year depreciation. Learn why new cars take such a rapid hit.\n\n#### Contents\n\n * Factors in Depreciation\n * How Much Will Your Car Depreciate?\n * How to Retain the Value of Your New Car\n * Keeping a New Car in Good Condition\n * How to Sell Your Brand New Car\n\nKnowing that a new car depreciates the minute you drive it off the lot is\ndisheartening. Depreciation occurs in all cars, and there are several reasons\nwhy this happens.\n\n## Factors in Depreciation\n\nWhen you drive a car off the lot, you have agreed to pay the dealer a certain\namount of money for the car. Even if you only drive it down the road and\nchange your mind, you are now looking at a car that is only worth the\nwholesale value. The wholesale value is always less than the original retail\nvalue of the car. For a brand new car this initial depreciation can be in the\nthousands.\n\nHow well you maintain a car, the model of the car and the mileage of the car\nalso affect the depreciated value. Some cars are more sought after, and\ntherefore retain a higher value throughout their life.\n\n## How Much Can I Expect My New Car to Depreciate?\n\nA new car depreciates or loses value almost immediately after you drive it off\na dealer's lot. As a quick rule of thumb, a car will lose between 15% and 20%\nof its value each year according to Bankrate.com. A car in its second year\nwill be worth 80% to 85% of its first year value and a car in its third year\nwill be worth 80% to 85% of its second-year value.\n\nInfluences on a New Car's Depreciation The amount that a vehicle depreciates\nvaries depending on the make, model, year, type and other factors associated\nwith the car. If you are looking to retain as much value as you can for your\nnew car, there are some tips that will influence the rate of depreciation for\nyour vehicle.\n\nThe Color of Your New Car Believe it or not, the color of the car will\ninfluence the rate of depreciation. Cars that have a neutral paint color such\nas black or silver retain more value than those with more exotic paint colors.\nThis is because neutral colors tend to remain popular in the future, resulting\nin a higher resale value than those that have been customized to fit the\npersonality of the owner.\n\nMaintenance and Reputation New cars with low maintenance and a reputation for\nhigh quality also have good resale values and lower depreciation rates. Brands\nsuch as Toyota and Honda enjoy good maintenance records and have a reputation\nfor being very well built cars.\n\n## How to Retain the Value of Your New Car\n\nLots of new car buyers are always looking a few steps down the road to the\ntime when they eventually want to re-sell their vehicle. This is only natural,\nas not all drivers want to keep a car or truck for the entirety of its driving\nlife (which may be several decades). Rather than drive around in an outdated\nmodel, they rely on a good solid used car private sale to get them into a\nnewer vehicle. Others trade in at dealerships. Either way, there are some\nguidelines for getting the most out of your used car.\n\n * Complete regularly scheduled maintenance. To keep your car or truck in its best shape long term, make sure you get any oil changes and tune-ups done. Many shops and dealers offer service by the mileage, for example, 60k or 100k miles services, to keep a vehicle at the top of its game. Without these needed checks, engine problems or other major issues can ground a car or truck while it otherwise would still be in its prime.\n * Keep the service records. A buyer of a used car will often want to see how that vehicle has been maintained over its prior life. When you have the service records handy, showing that you have done all of the work to keep a vehicle in good condition, you're adding value to your sale.\n * Keep the interior clean. One huge problem with resale of a vehicle concerns its interior. Seats, dashboards, and all internal areas of the vehicle need to be in excellent shape for a premium sale price. Otherwise, bad interior conditions will be a red flag to the buyer. Buyers like to negotiate prices downward for cosmetic problems in the interior of a vehicle.\n * Garage the vehicle. Another way to wreck the resale value of a vehicle is to let its paint job get weathered to the point where it looks bad. Garaging a vehicle means its exterior will be spotless, and this will also bring a great resale price. If you don't have a garage, keeping your vehicle under a vinyl cover is another good option.\n * Keep features in shape. As a car ages, all of those extras start to go. Power windows, seats and other electrical features gradually wear down and stop working. The air conditioning system gets leaks or runs out of refrigerant. Tape decks or CD players start developing troublesome problems. All of these will bring resale price down. One way to slow the gradual decay of features is to avoid over-using them, or to do any maintenance before the problems get too big to fix.\n * Add more features. Some owners who want great resale prices go a step further with features: they upgrade their vehicle for the road ahead with neat accessories including engine accessories, lights, tinting or aftermarket stereo add-ons. One of the most popular fixes is to install new speakers for the best sound possible in the interior of the vehicle.\n\nThe above will help a driver to keep a lot of value in what can be a huge\ninvestment: a car or truck that will eventually get sold out of the owner's\nhands.\n\n## Maintaining a New Car in Good Condition After You Buy It\n\nPurchasing a used or new car is a great feeling. However just like your\nparents may have told you when you drove your first car, a car means\nresponsibility. Except in this case, your responsibility is to yourself.\nMaintaining a car in good condition helps save its value from depreciation,\nwhich is going to save you money in the long run; especially when you decide\nto replace it.\n\nThere are a few simple steps you can take to keep your car looking and running\nlike new for as long as possible:\n\n * Use the owner's manual for routine maintenance. Look in the owner's manual for the car so you know the manufacturers' recommended service intervals and do your best to follow them. Unfortunately, maintenance can be costly; but it's much cheaper and easier to budget routine maintenance for a car then having to pay for major repairs. The owner's manual usually has a place where you can record the services you perform. It's a good idea to save your receipts each time you have the vehicle repaired or have maintenance done; even a simple oil change. This will come in handy when you sell the car in the future; it shows that you've done your best to keep the car running well.\n * Keep it clean. These days a lot of us are pressed for time and it's hard to make the time to do something as simple as vacuuming your car's floor, or wiping off the dash. However, the reality is that keeping your car clean will keep it looking newer for longer; not just because there's not dirt and trash laying around, but because leaving these things contribute to wear and tear on your car's interior. Old drink cups and cans leak, leaving stains. Dirt and grit in the carpet has an effect like rubbing the floor with sandpaper, wearing out the fibers much faster than they would otherwise. Use armor-all or a similar cleaner on the vinyl and leather surfaces in the car. This helps protect them from wear and sun damage. You can tell when a car's interior has been properly taken care of, because it stays looking great for years.\n * Listen to what your car is telling you. There are a variety of different warnings that your car will give you if something is wrong. Get out of your car every once in awhile and listen to the engine for any noises. Even keep a record of what you hear so you can check for changes. There's probably a \"notes\" section in the back of your owner's manual so you can track of this. Check your fluids on a schedule; it's easy to do and it's one of the most important and most neglected aspects of car care. You don't have to do it every day, just do it periodically. Try doing it every third fill-up of fuel to make sure you're keeping everything in the car at the proper levels. Always pay attention to the lights and indicators on the dash. These are your last warning that something is seriously wrong. If one of these warnings is activated, you should stop driving immediately and look in your owner's manual so you know the proper steps to take to avoid damage to your car.\n\n## How to Sell Your Brand New Car\n\nThere may be a need to sell your brand new car for one reason or another. You\nmay just want to get it off your hands so you can get another car or you may\nno longer be able to afford it. Luckily, there are plenty of options available\nto you if you decide to sell your car. Here are a few things to keep in mind.\n\nFinding a Buyer Whether you place an ad in a newspaper, or use online sources,\nyou will fare better if you sell your car to a private individual. Using a new\ncar as a trade in for another car usually won't get you the best price. You\ncan find a private buyer who can finance the car on their own, then simply\ntransfer ownership via a title transfer and the car is then out of your hands.\n\nDonating Your Car There may be a time where donation seems like a better idea.\nThis is common for people who have to leave the country for work and don't\nhave time to deal with selling the car. You are still responsible for the\npayments, and won't be able to donate your car unless it's been paid off.\nDonating your car is also a good idea if you want the tax deduction. You can\ndonate your car locally to a variety of agencies. A quick Internet search will\nshow you many places that will pick up the car for no charge.\n\nDon't Just Let It Go A lot of people in a financial bind will end up just\nabandoning their cars. They figure if they can't make the payments, and can't\nfind a buyer, that just leaving it somewhere is the best option. This is never\nthe case though. The finance company will still hold you responsible for the\npayments. Abandoned cars are also more likely to be vandalized and stolen\nfrom. You will end up being responsible for any damage as well.\n\nSelling a brand new car doesn't have to be a hassle or a headache. With the\nright tools and some patience, you can find the perfect buyer.\n\n##### Related Articles\n\n * Is Now a Good Time to Trade In My Car?\n * Why is Depreciation Faster on New Cars?\n * Find Your Used Car Trade in Value\n * What Is the Average Car Depreciation Rate?\n * Tips for Negotiating the Actual Cash Value of Your Car\n\nInterested in Leasing?\n\nWe’ve helped customers so far today get an unbelievable lease offer.\n\nSelect a Make\n\nSelect a Model\n\nHow It Works:\n\n1 Select your vehicle\n\n2 Provide your contact information\n\n3 Choose dealers to contact you\n\n## Related Articles\n\n * Is Now a Good Time to Trade In My Car?\n * Why is Depreciation Faster on New Cars?\n * Find Your Used Car Trade in Value\n * What Is the Average Car Depreciation Rate?\n * Tips for Negotiating the Actual Cash Value of Your Car\n\nMore Related Articles »\n\n## Find Used Cars\n\nBrowse a huge selection of local inventory.\n\nSelect a Make\n\nSelect a Model\n\n## Recent Articles\n\n * Used Car Price Per Mile: Understanding What's Exceptional\n\nGetting the Best Used Car Price - March 11, 2020\n\n * The Used Car Engine Price Listing: A Buyers Guide\n\nGetting the Best Used Car Price - March 11, 2020\n\n * Used Car Battery Price: Common Price Expectation\n\nGetting the Best Used Car Price - March 11, 2020\n\n * Canadian Used Car Prices: Do They Differ From the U.S.\n\nGetting the Best Used Car Price - March 11, 2020\n\n * 7 Tips about Used Car Loan Value\n\nGetting the Best Used Car Price - March 11, 2020\n\n## Car Loan Calculator\n\nEnter your desired monthly payment.\n\n * Shop for a Car\n * New Cars\n * Used Cars\n * Auto Loans\n * Car Deals\n\n * Dealers\n * Buy New Car Leads\n * Buy Used Car Leads\n * Buy Special Finance Leads\n * Dealer Log-in\n\n * About Us\n * Company Information\n * Automotive Brands\n * Jobs at CarsDirect\n * Contact Us\n\n * CarsDirect Partners\n * Affiliate Program\n * Follow Us\n\nPrivacy Policy|Do Not Sell My Personal Information|Terms of Use|Cookie\nPolicy|Disclaimer|\n\nCOPYRIGHT 1999-2021 MH Sub I, LLC dba CarsDirect.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.marketwatch.com/story/will-social-security-be-there-for-you-2013-07-09", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180814203935/https://www.marketwatch.com/story/will-social-security-be-there-for-you-2013-07-09", "parsed_text": { "title": "Will Social Security be there for you?", "passages": [ "Jeffrey B. Miller is Professor of Economics Emeritus at the University of Delaware. He earned his doctorate from the University of Pennsylvania in 1976 and taught at the University of Delaware for 36 years. In 2009 he co-founded Social Security Choices, a firm that specializes in providing customized information to assist people in formulating their best strategies for claiming Social Security benefits. Dr Miller worked at Social Security after graduating from college. JMiller@socialsecuritychoices.com", "A recent announcement by the Social Security actuaries that the Social Security Retirement Trust Fund will run out of money in 2034 has once again given rise to a round of concerned citizens asking: Will Social Security be there for me?", "Will the benefits be there at their current levels of purchasing power? Not necessarily. Will there be some benefits for workers who will retire in the future? Almost certainly. Should I alter my decision about when to claim Social Security benefits based on the actuaries' announcement? No.", "Forecasting what will happen to Social Security is a bit different from forecasting other elements of workers retirement plans, since, unlike 401(k)s and private pensions, the Social Security Trust Fund doesn't invest in the stock market. (I have argued in another article that this is a good thing.) Uncertainty about the future of Social Security benefits is largely a political question. Balancing the system to guarantee full benefits beyond 2034 will require a reduction in benefits or an increase in taxes.", "In the worst case scenario, assuming Congress makes no changes, the trust fund will be exhausted in the early 2030s. At that point only, the only remaining revenue source will be the contributions of those then working. Under these circumstances the system will be unable to pay more than 75% of the promised benefits. Social Security will \"be there,” but the benefits, while higher in face value because of the inflation protection built into the system, won't be able to purchase the same goods and services that benefits do today.", "This worst case scenario need not occur. The pain of either of these actions is lessened if they are implemented over a long period. Even in this politically charged environment, it is not beyond the realm of possibility that Congress will make adjustments to rebalance the system, as it did in the 1980s on the recommendation of the Greenspan Commission. At that point changes were made in anticipation of the baby boomer retirements that are now hitting the system.", "Even if the worst case does occur, would it be prudent to adjust the timing and circumstances under which Social Security retirements benefits are claimed? Here the answer is a clear \"no\".", "The Social Security Claiming Guide, which is published by the Center for Retirement Planning at Boston College, makes the following statement after evaluating the most widely discussed proposals for rebalancing the system: \"None of these proposals give you more if you claim early. If you are affected, you'll get less no matter when you claim.\"", "This is followed by the statement: \"Nearly all proposals to fix Social Security would also protect those age 55 and older,\" a notion supported by Paul Ryan, who has recommended radical changes to Medicare, but no change in Social Security for people over 55. The one exception is the Obama proposal to use a different measure of the cost-of-living to adjust benefits to inflation. As Retirement Mentor Jason Fichtner has pointed out, this would decrease benefits by a small amount. At present, the House has rejected this idea, although it may be part of future budget negotiations.", "Since Social Security doesn't suffer from the uncertainty of stock market fluctuations, Social Security is still the strongest component of most financial plans for retirement. The future, by its nature, is uncertain. At this point there is no reason to alter a well thought out strategy for claiming Social Security benefits.", "I place my bet that Social Security will be there for me at a substantial percentage of current purchasing power long before I would have confidence in my 401(k) or my private pension.", "Intraday Data provided by SIX Financial Information and subject to terms of use. Historical and current end-of-day data provided by SIX Financial Information. All quotes are in local exchange time. Real-time last sale data for U.S. stock quotes reflect trades reported through Nasdaq only. Intraday data delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements." ] }, "parsed_md": "Will Social Security be there for you? - MarketWatch\n\nSignup • Login\n\n### RetireMentors\n\nPowered by\n\nRetireMentors features retirement advice from financial professionals, not\nstaff journalists. More\n\n 1. Home\n\n 2. ## RetireMentors\n\n 3. ## Financial Planning\n\n# Will Social Security be there for you?\n\nBy Jeffrey B. Miller\n\nPublished: July 9, 2013 6:15 a.m. ET\n\nShare\n\nBy\n\n### JeffreyB. Miller\n\nJeffrey B. Miller is Professor of Economics Emeritus at the University of\nDelaware. He earned his doctorate from the University of Pennsylvania in 1976\nand taught at the University of Delaware for 36 years. In 2009 he co-founded\nSocial Security Choices, a firm that specializes in providing customized\ninformation to assist people in formulating their best strategies for claiming\nSocial Security benefits. Dr Miller worked at Social Security after graduating\nfrom college. JMiller@socialsecuritychoices.com\n\n### Jeffrey's Latest Posts\n\n * Being aware of the free spousal benefits from Social Security\n * What does the end of file-and-suspend mean for retirees?\n * Avoid a deeply flawed strategy for married couples and Social Security\n * Cut spousal benefits to stop Social Security ‘gaming’\n\nPowered by\n\nShutterstock.com\n\nA recent announcement by the Social Security actuaries that the Social\nSecurity Retirement Trust Fund will run out of money in 2034 has once again\ngiven rise to a round of concerned citizens asking: Will Social Security be\nthere for me?\n\nThe answer to the question depends on what \"be there\" means.\n\nWill the benefits be there at their current levels of purchasing power? Not\nnecessarily. Will there be some benefits for workers who will retire in the\nfuture? Almost certainly. Should I alter my decision about when to claim\nSocial Security benefits based on the actuaries' announcement? No.\n\nForecasting what will happen to Social Security is a bit different from\nforecasting other elements of workers retirement plans, since, unlike 401(k)s\nand private pensions, the Social Security Trust Fund doesn't invest in the\nstock market. (I have argued in another article that this is a good thing.)\nUncertainty about the future of Social Security benefits is largely a\npolitical question. Balancing the system to guarantee full benefits beyond\n2034 will require a reduction in benefits or an increase in taxes.\n\nJason Ford\n\nRead:The truth about the agency’s bottom line\n\nIn the worst case scenario, assuming Congress makes no changes, the trust fund\nwill be exhausted in the early 2030s. At that point only, the only remaining\nrevenue source will be the contributions of those then working. Under these\ncircumstances the system will be unable to pay more than 75% of the promised\nbenefits. Social Security will \"be there,” but the benefits, while higher in\nface value because of the inflation protection built into the system, won't be\nable to purchase the same goods and services that benefits do today.\n\nThis worst case scenario need not occur. The pain of either of these actions\nis lessened if they are implemented over a long period. Even in this\npolitically charged environment, it is not beyond the realm of possibility\nthat Congress will make adjustments to rebalance the system, as it did in the\n1980s on the recommendation of the Greenspan Commission. At that point changes\nwere made in anticipation of the baby boomer retirements that are now hitting\nthe system.\n\nEven if the worst case does occur, would it be prudent to adjust the timing\nand circumstances under which Social Security retirements benefits are\nclaimed? Here the answer is a clear \"no\".\n\nThe Social Security Claiming Guide, which is published by the Center for\nRetirement Planning at Boston College, makes the following statement after\nevaluating the most widely discussed proposals for rebalancing the system:\n\"None of these proposals give you more if you claim early. If you are\naffected, you'll get less no matter when you claim.\"\n\nThis is followed by the statement: \"Nearly all proposals to fix Social\nSecurity would also protect those age 55 and older,\" a notion supported by\nPaul Ryan, who has recommended radical changes to Medicare, but no change in\nSocial Security for people over 55. The one exception is the Obama proposal to\nuse a different measure of the cost-of-living to adjust benefits to inflation.\nAs Retirement Mentor Jason Fichtner has pointed out, this would decrease\nbenefits by a small amount. At present, the House has rejected this idea,\nalthough it may be part of future budget negotiations.\n\nSince Social Security doesn't suffer from the uncertainty of stock market\nfluctuations, Social Security is still the strongest component of most\nfinancial plans for retirement. The future, by its nature, is uncertain. At\nthis point there is no reason to alter a well thought out strategy for\nclaiming Social Security benefits.\n\nI place my bet that Social Security will be there for me at a substantial\npercentage of current purchasing power long before I would have confidence in\nmy 401(k) or my private pension.\n\n### We Want to Hear from You\n\nJoin the conversation\n\n### MarketWatch Partner Center\n\n### Most Popular\n\n * Nvidia officially announces first products with new Turing graphics technology\n\n * Alibaba, JD.com among China names trading lower\n\n * The stocks that look ripe for buying after a Turkish trouncing — and those to avoid\n\n * Elon Musk says he’s working with Goldman, Silver Lake to take Tesla private\n\n * Bitcoin Detectives: Cracking the Blockchain\n\nCommunity Guidelines • FAQs\n\n * #### MarketWatch\n\n * Site Index\n * Topics\n * Help\n * Feedback\n * Newsroom Roster\n * Media Archive\n * Premium Products\n * Mobile\n\n * #### Company\n\n * Company Info\n * Code of Conduct\n * Corrections\n * Advertising Media Kit\n * Advertise Locally\n * Reprints & Licensing\n * Your Ad Choices\n\n * #### Dow Jones Network\n\n * WSJ.com\n * Barron's Online\n * BigCharts\n * Virtual Stock Exchange\n * Financial News London\n * WSJ.com Small Business\n * realtor.com\n * Mansion Global\n\nCopyright © 2018 MarketWatch, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nBy using this site you agree to the Terms of Service, Privacy Policy, and\nCookie Policy.\n\nIntraday Data provided by SIX Financial Information and subject to terms of\nuse. Historical and current end-of-day data provided by SIX Financial\nInformation. All quotes are in local exchange time. Real-time last sale data\nfor U.S. stock quotes reflect trades reported through Nasdaq only. Intraday\ndata delayed at least 15 minutes or per exchange requirements.\n\nAdvanced Search\n\n" } ]
599,165
How To Wear Rings
If you want to wear rings, start by picking large, interesting rings for a dramatic fashion statement, or smaller, more delicate rings if you like a cleaner look. If you choose to wear several rings, stack them on the same finger to create a cluster effect, or spread them across both hands for balance. Finally, match your rings to your outfit's color scheme for a cohesive look.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20150831120113/http://www.ebay.com:80/gds/Ring-Size-Chart-/10000000177635681/g.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210408203351/https://www.realmenrealstyle.com/ring-finger-meaning/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210912063911/https://www.bluenile.com/education/rings/find-your-ring-size" ]
train
2,069
[ { "original_url": "http://www.ebay.com:80/gds/Ring-Size-Chart-/10000000177635681/g.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150831120113/http://www.ebay.com:80/gds/Ring-Size-Chart-/10000000177635681/g.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ring Size Chart", "passages": [ "Know what size ring you need before you shop so you can buy perfectly-fitting jewelry every time. To determine ring size, you can place a ring that fits you on a professional ring sizer mandrel, use a professional ring sizer, or find an approximate fit with a ring size chart or finger size strip. Make sure to measure your finger at room temperature. Heat and cold can cause your fingers to swell or constrict.", "Use a ring that fits you to determine your ring size. Place your ring over the nearest size circle. The inner edge of the ring should align with the outer edge of the circle. If your ring appears to fit between two sizes, buy the larger size.", "To create your own ring sizer, print and cut the strip below. Insert the narrow end of the sizer through the \"cut here\" slot. With numbers on the outside, place the loop around your finger, and pull until the fit is snug but comfortable.", "Most jewelers will happily adjust a ring two sizes in either direction. More extreme adjustments can noticeably impact the look and structure of your jewelry. Increasing the size of a gold or silver ring typically requires gently hammering the ring around a sizing shaft. This will cause the shank of the ring to thin slightly. In some rings the end result will not be perfectly round. Some jewelers will not resize platinum because of its density and strength.", "To increase a ring more than one full size or to adjust a ring with stones, your jeweler may prefer to make an incision in the ring to remove or insert extra metal. This adjustment may leave a visible seam or an invisible weak point, but a professional jeweler can position flaws out of sight.", "Once you know what size ring you need, go to the Jewelry & Watches portal, click Rings, and start searching for items on eBay.", "Categories: The Categories list on the left side of each page will help you narrow down your listings by item type. You'll find links for Bands, Wedding & Anniversary, Cubic Zirconia & Moissanite, Diamond Engagement/Anniversary, Diamond Right-Hand Rings, Gemstone Rings, Metal Fashion Rings, and Other. As you dig deeper into the site you'll also be able to narrow down your choice by subcategory.", "Product Finder: Certain ring categories have a related Product Finder that allows you to use drop-down menus to quickly narrow down item listings. For example, the Gemstone Rings Finder allows you to search by gemstone, metal, and size.", "Keyword search: Search eBay listing titles for specific words. For example, if you want to find a size 7 diamond ring, type \"diamond size 7\" (without quotation marks) into the Search box. Click \"Search title and description\" to expand your results. Visit eBay's Search Tips page for more tips on searching with keywords.", "If you can't find exactly what you want, try shopping eBay Stores, tell the eBay Community what you want by creating a post on Want It Now, or save a search on My eBay and eBay will email you when a match becomes available.", "Before making your purchase, make sure you know exactly what you're buying, research your seller, and understand how eBay and PayPal protect you.", "Figure delivery costs into your final price. If you spend a lot of money, make sure the seller will insure the item when it ships.", "Always make sure to complete your transaction on eBay (with a bid, Buy It Now, or Best Offer). Transactions conducted outside of eBay are not covered by eBay protection programs.", "Never pay for your eBay item using instant cash wire transfer services through Western Union or MoneyGram. These payment methods are unsafe when paying someone you do not know.", "What is the seller's Feedback rating? How many transactions have they completed? What percentage of positive responses do they have?", "Most top eBay sellers operate like retail stores and have return policies. Do they offer a money-back guarantee? What are the terms and conditions?", "In the unlikely event that you don't receive your item or it is not as described, eBay Buyer Protection will cover your purchase price plus original shipping. Learn more." ] }, "parsed_md": "Ring Size Chart | eBay\n\nSkip to main content\n\neBay \n--- \n \n * Daily Deals\n * Gift Cards\n * Sell\n * Help & Contact\n\n * My eBayExpand My eBay\n\n * Summary\n * Bids/Offers\n * Watch list\n * Wish list\n * All lists\n * Purchase history\n * Selling\n * My Collections\n * Followed searches\n * Messages\n\n# How to Size a Ring\n\nBy Published by\n\neBay\n\nHow to Size a Ring\n\nMarch 28, 2014 ^. Views ^. Comments Comment ^. 43 Vote 43 Votes\n\nPlease sign in to vote on this Guide.\n\nKnow what size ring you need before you shop so you can buy perfectly-fitting\njewelry every time. To determine ring size, you can place a ring that fits you\non a professional ring sizer mandrel, use a professional ring sizer, or find\nan approximate fit with a ring size chart or finger size strip. Make sure to\nmeasure your finger at room temperature. Heat and cold can cause your fingers\nto swell or constrict.\n\n## Determine Ring Size With a Ring Size Chart\n\nUse a ring that fits you to determine your ring size. Place your ring over the\nnearest size circle. The inner edge of the ring should align with the outer\nedge of the circle. If your ring appears to fit between two sizes, buy the\nlarger size.\n\n## Measure Ring Size With a Finger Size Strip\n\nTo create your own ring sizer, print and cut the strip below. Insert the\nnarrow end of the sizer through the \"cut here\" slot. With numbers on the\noutside, place the loop around your finger, and pull until the fit is snug but\ncomfortable.\n\n## Know When You Can Resize Rings\n\nMost jewelers will happily adjust a ring two sizes in either direction. More\nextreme adjustments can noticeably impact the look and structure of your\njewelry. Increasing the size of a gold or silver ring typically requires\ngently hammering the ring around a sizing shaft. This will cause the shank of\nthe ring to thin slightly. In some rings the end result will not be perfectly\nround. Some jewelers will not resize platinum because of its density and\nstrength.\n\nTo increase a ring more than one full size or to adjust a ring with stones,\nyour jeweler may prefer to make an incision in the ring to remove or insert\nextra metal. This adjustment may leave a visible seam or an invisible weak\npoint, but a professional jeweler can position flaws out of sight.\n\n## Find Rings on eBay\n\nOnce you know what size ring you need, go to the Jewelry & Watches portal,\nclick Rings, and start searching for items on eBay.\n\n * Categories: The Categories list on the left side of each page will help you narrow down your listings by item type. You'll find links for Bands, Wedding & Anniversary, Cubic Zirconia & Moissanite, Diamond Engagement/Anniversary, Diamond Right-Hand Rings, Gemstone Rings, Metal Fashion Rings, and Other. As you dig deeper into the site you'll also be able to narrow down your choice by subcategory.\n\n * Product Finder: Certain ring categories have a related Product Finder that allows you to use drop-down menus to quickly narrow down item listings. For example, the Gemstone Rings Finder allows you to search by gemstone, metal, and size.\n\n * Keyword search: Search eBay listing titles for specific words. For example, if you want to find a size 7 diamond ring, type \"diamond size 7\" (without quotation marks) into the Search box. Click \"Search title and description\" to expand your results. Visit eBay's Search Tips page for more tips on searching with keywords.\n\nIf you can't find exactly what you want, try shopping eBay Stores, tell the\neBay Community what you want by creating a post on Want It Now, or save a\nsearch on My eBay and eBay will email you when a match becomes available.\n\n## Buy Rings With Confidence\n\nBefore making your purchase, make sure you know exactly what you're buying,\nresearch your seller, and understand how eBay and PayPal protect you.\n\n### Know your purchase\n\n * Carefully read the details in item listings.\n * Figure delivery costs into your final price. If you spend a lot of money, make sure the seller will insure the item when it ships.\n * If you want more information, ask by clicking the \"Ask seller a question\" link under the seller's profile.\n * Always make sure to complete your transaction on eBay (with a bid, Buy It Now, or Best Offer). Transactions conducted outside of eBay are not covered by eBay protection programs.\n * Never pay for your eBay item using instant cash wire transfer services through Western Union or MoneyGram. These payment methods are unsafe when paying someone you do not know.\n\n### Know your seller\n\n * Research your seller so you feel positive and secure about every transaction.\n * What is the seller's Feedback rating? How many transactions have they completed? What percentage of positive responses do they have?\n * What do buyers say in their Feedback? Did the seller receive praise?\n * Most top eBay sellers operate like retail stores and have return policies. Do they offer a money-back guarantee? What are the terms and conditions?\n\n### Buyer protection\n\nIn the unlikely event that you don't receive your item or it is not as\ndescribed, eBay Buyer Protection will cover your purchase price plus original\nshipping. Learn more.\n\nWrite a guide\n\nTags:\n\n## ring size chart\n\n## ring size\n\n## finger size strip\n\n## ring\n\n## size circle\n\nExplore More\n\n * Ring Sizing Chart: Measure Your Finger Size Correctly Image\n\n## Ring Sizing Chart: Measure Your Finger Size Correctly\n\nPublished by: seworiginalcreations\n\n * HOW TO FIND OUT YOUR RING SIZE Image\n\n## HOW TO FIND OUT YOUR RING SIZE\n\nPublished by: richyb73\n\n * How to Measure Ring Size Image\n\n## How to Measure Ring Size\n\nPublished by: eBay\n\n * Ring Sizer | Find out your ring size Image\n\n## Ring Sizer | Find out your ring size\n\nPublished by: bigapplejewels\n\n * MAGNETIC HEMATITE MOOD RING with mood chart SIZES 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 USA SELLER Image\n\n### MAGNETIC HEMATITE MOOD RING with mood chart SIZES 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 USA SELLER\n\n$8.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Amazing Genuine Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart - 5 Sizes Available Image\n\n### Amazing Genuine Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart - 5 Sizes Available\n\n$3.055 Buy It Now\n\n * Amazing Genuine Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart - 8 Sizes Available Image\n\n### Amazing Genuine Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart - 8 Sizes Available\n\n$4.575 Buy It Now\n\n * True-Size Ring Sizing System 45 Comfort fit rings w/ box, conversion chart NEW Image\n\n### True-Size Ring Sizing System 45 Comfort fit rings w/ box, conversion chart\nNEW\n\n$189.90 Buy It Now\n\n * Amazing Energy Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart - 8 Sizes Available Image\n\n### Amazing Energy Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart - 8 Sizes Available\n\n$4.575 Buy It Now\n\n * Green Agate Stone Mood Ring Band Rhinestone Birthstone Box Chart Size 5 6 7 8 9 Image\n\n### Green Agate Stone Mood Ring Band Rhinestone Birthstone Box Chart Size 5 6\n7 8 9\n\n$9.99 Buy It Now\n\n * 2 Best Friend Colour Changing Mood Rings & 2 Free Mood Charts - Adjustable size Image\n\n### 2 Best Friend Colour Changing Mood Rings & 2 Free Mood Charts - Adjustable\nsize\n\n$4.591 Buy It Now\n\n * FINGER RING SIZER GAUGE UK SIZES A-Z WEDDING ENGAGEMENT + International chart Image\n\n### FINGER RING SIZER GAUGE UK SIZES A-Z WEDDING ENGAGEMENT + International\nchart\n\n$1.52 Buy It Now\n\n * MOOD Color Changing Silver P Ring Band Size 6.5\" + Mood Color Chart Image\n\n### MOOD Color Changing Silver P Ring Band Size 6.5\" + Mood Color Chart\n\n$2.95 Buy It Now\n\n * 10pc Awesome Round Eye Mood Ring Child Adult Color Changing Ring Chart Size 6-10 Image\n\n### 10pc Awesome Round Eye Mood Ring Child Adult Color Changing Ring Chart\nSize 6-10\n\n$4.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Amazing Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart -7 Sizes Available Image\n\n### Amazing Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart -7 Sizes Available\n\n$4.591 Buy It Now\n\n * Amazing Thin Energy Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart - 8 Sizes Available Image\n\n### Amazing Thin Energy Colour Changing Mood Ring & Mood Chart - 8 Sizes\nAvailable\n\n$4.084 Buy It Now\n\n * MOOD Color Changing Silver P Ring Band Size 6.5\" + Mood Color Chart Image\n\n### MOOD Color Changing Silver P Ring Band Size 6.5\" + Mood Color Chart\n\n$4.95 Buy It Now\n\n * Red Agate Gemstone Mood Ring Band Rhinestone Birthstone Box Chart Size 5 6 7 8 9 Image\n\n### Red Agate Gemstone Mood Ring Band Rhinestone Birthstone Box Chart Size 5 6\n7 8 9\n\n$9.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Multisizer Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Belt Find Scale US Size Chart Jewelry Tool Image\n\n### Multisizer Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Belt Find Scale US Size Chart Jewelry\nTool\n\n$6.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Ring Sizing Stick Finger Size Mandrel Gauge Scale Measurement Jewelry Tool Chart Image\n\n### Ring Sizing Stick Finger Size Mandrel Gauge Scale Measurement Jewelry Tool\nChart\n\n$22.89 Buy It Now\n\n * New Lovely Color Change Heart Mood Ring Adjustable Size Free Chart & Box Image\n\n### New Lovely Color Change Heart Mood Ring Adjustable Size Free Chart & Box\n\n$6.99 Buy It Now\n\n * MIX 10pc Love Heart Mood Ring Child Adult Color Changing Ring Chart Size 6.5-10 Image\n\n### MIX 10pc Love Heart Mood Ring Child Adult Color Changing Ring Chart Size\n6.5-10\n\n$4.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Top Quality Sterling Silver Mood Ring Color Meaning Chart We Size Free Image\n\n### Top Quality Sterling Silver Mood Ring Color Meaning Chart We Size Free\n\n$99.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Vintage SUPERMAN S 16 Grams 925 Silver Zales Ring Chart Matched Size 11 Men's Image\n\n### Vintage SUPERMAN S 16 Grams 925 Silver Zales Ring Chart Matched Size 11\nMen's\n\n$37.25 Buy It Now\n\n * New UK Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Sizing Engagement Ring Size + INTERNATIONAL CHART Image\n\n### New UK Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Sizing Engagement Ring Size + INTERNATIONAL\nCHART\n\n$1.827 Buy It Now\n\n * Mood Ring Sterling Silver Man or Ladies Mood Color Chart Custom Size Available Image\n\n### Mood Ring Sterling Silver Man or Ladies Mood Color Chart Custom Size\nAvailable\n\n$109.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Pink Ice & Marcasite Pls look at color chart silver ring size 6.5 vintage 80s Image\n\n### Pink Ice & Marcasite Pls look at color chart silver ring size 6.5 vintage\n80s\n\n$45.50 Buy It Now\n\n * Top Quality Flower Sterling Silver Mood Ring Color Chart Any Size Available Image\n\n### Top Quality Flower Sterling Silver Mood Ring Color Chart Any Size\nAvailable\n\n$99.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Pink Ice & Marcasite swirl Pls look at color chart silver ring size 7 vintage 80 Image\n\n### Pink Ice & Marcasite swirl Pls look at color chart silver ring size 7\nvintage 80\n\n$65.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Mens Sterling Silver Ring Purity 925 with Diamonds - Size 11 International Chart Image\n\n### Mens Sterling Silver Ring Purity 925 with Diamonds - Size 11 International\nChart\n\n$40.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Pink Ice & Marcasite butterfly chart silver ring size 9 vintage 80s Image\n\n### Pink Ice & Marcasite butterfly chart silver ring size 9 vintage 80s\n\n$55.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Sizing Wedding Ring Size International Chart New Image\n\n### Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Sizing Wedding Ring Size International Chart New\n\n$6.37 Buy It Now\n\n * New Europe Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Sizing Wedding Ring Size +INTERNATIONAL CHART Image\n\n### New Europe Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Sizing Wedding Ring Size +INTERNATIONAL\nCHART\n\n$6.37 Buy It Now\n\n * New Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Sizing Engagement Ring Size + INTERNATIONAL CHART Image\n\n### New Ring Sizer Finger Gauge Sizing Engagement Ring Size + INTERNATIONAL\nCHART\n\n$5.12 Buy It Now\n\n## Additional site navigation\n\n * About eBay\n * Announcements\n * Community\n * Security Center\n * Resolution Center\n * Seller Information Center\n * Policies\n * Affiliates\n * Help & Contact\n * Site Map\n\n \n--- \nCopyright © 1995-2015 eBay Inc. All Rights Reserved. User Agreement, Privacy\nand Cookies.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.realmenrealstyle.com/ring-finger-meaning/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210408203351/https://www.realmenrealstyle.com/ring-finger-meaning/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Which Finger Should You Wear a Ring On", "passages": [ ".....because if you're reading this you're about to learn more in 5 minutes than what 95% of the population knows about rings and their relationship to various fingers.", "But like a lot of fashion choices, they're there for the people who notice, and being part of the elite club that “gets it” is part of the fun.", "So if you're someone who's considering wearing a ring purely for the style of it (rather than just a wedding band), here are a few of the traditional associations for rings on fingers.", "Rather watch me talk about rings and symbolism of each finger? Click here to watch my Ring Fingers & Symbolism video on YouTube.", "Engagement and wedding rings are exceptions — there are a lot of specific cultural traditions — but at the end of the day there are so many cultural traditions that it becomes an anything-goes situation anywhere that's not completely homogeneous.", "Just for example, most American men will wear their wedding band on their left ring finger, but a man married in an Eastern Orthodox church could end up using the right hand instead (I do this – watch my videos and you'll see!). And engagement rings are rare enough on men already that there is no set tradition.", "Some schools or organizations may have rules about how to wear their rings (in which case you'll be told), but most will leave it up to their members.", "So for pretty much any ring, don't worry about right hand vs. left hand rules. As far as symbolism goes, the right hand is generally seen as the “physical” hand — the active, dominant one that makes most of your gestures. The left is thought of as the “mental” hand, representing your character and beliefs.", "Those are based, unsurprisingly, on a right-hander's view of the world. A left-handed man might personally find it appropriate to reverse the whole thing. At the end of the day we're talking about some very general concepts here — don't be afraid to go your own way with jewelry.", "Pinky rings have a couple of advantages: they don't have religious or cultural associations in most cultures (unlike the ring finger), and, like rings on the fourth finger, they don't touch or interfere with the index/pointer finger at all.", "It also isolates the ring from your body a bit, making it more of an eye- popping statement. As a result, pinky rings tend to be among the “busiest” or flashiest of designs. It's where you wear things when you want attention paid to them.", "People who like astrological or palmistry-related symbolism will associate the little finger with intelligence and persuasion. It represents Mercury, which was (for obvious reasons) associated with the element of mercury, so you're not going to have a ring made of the relevant metal here — mercury is liquid at room temperature and highly toxic to humans.", "In the US and much of North & South America, the ring finger is most commonly associated with wedding symbolism: a band on the right fourth finger indicates engagement, while a band on the left fourth finger indicates marriage.", "That said, nearly all men opt for a simple gold or silver band for their wedding/engagement rings. A large ring with a jewel or a three-dimensional design on it is far less likely to be taken for something related to your marital status.", "That's not to say that people don't wear some very strange and artistic things as wedding bands, from time to time, but it's not the cultural norm. A distinctively decorative ring on the fourth finger probably won't be assumed to be a wedding or engagement ring, while a plain metal band or one with minor, same-tone etchings or designs probably will be.", "Symbolically, the ring finger is associated with Earth's moon, creativity, and beauty, as well as its obvious associations with romantic relationships. The moon's metal is silver, making silver rings a natural choice for non-wedding- related rings worn on the fourth finger.", "Rings worn on the middle finger are surprisingly uncommon — in part, that's because it's adjacent to the index finger, and anything bulky can be quite a hindrance to fine manual tasks. It's best to keep things small and simple if you're wearing them on your middle finger.", "That said, a lot of first-time ring-wearers might feel more comfortable with the middle finger, purely because if feels so central, sturdy, and frankly, “manly.” If the idea of a pinky ring weirds you out, and you don't want any confusion with wedding/engagement symbolism, the middle finger's a safe default.", "Because of its central location, the middle finger is held to symbolize balance and responsibility and is associated with Saturn. Since Saturn's metal is lead, simple gray metals like steel are common middle finger choices.", "There's a natural instinct to keep the pointer finger clear since we use it more than any other digit (except the thumb), but it turns out that a ring on the finger doesn't interfere with it as much as one on the finger next to it.", "If you go back hundreds of years the index finger was the most common location for a man's ring (generally a signet or a crest — in some parts of Europe, people below a certain rank were actually forbidden from wearing rings, because they denoted specific family status).", "That makes the index finger a good place for things like class rings, fraternal rings, or family and membership crests, although many men (especially younger, unmarried men) opt for the ring finger out of habit instead.", "Anything that you want to be used frequently and emphatically in your gestures can go on the index finger. It's not as dramatically isolated as something on the outer digits (thumb and pinky), but its prominence in our basic manual dexterity makes it noticeable.", "The astrological association for the pointer finger is Jupiter, which symbolizes power, leadership, and authority. The metal association is tin, which you won't find many rings made out of, but bright silver tones are a normal choice for the index finger.", "Thumb rings have a slightly outlandish feel to people who come from conventional North American culture, but they're actually reasonably common worldwide.", "In most societies, a thumb ring on a man is a sign of wealth or influence, and they tend to be broad or bulky to reflect that (also to fit comfortably on the thumb, of course).", "A thumb ring is also often the natural choice for men who want to wear multiple rings on the same hand since it's at least somewhat distanced from the others. A wedding band plus a pinky or middle finger ring can get quite crowded, both visually and physically, whereas a thumb ring gives everything some space.", "Wear a ring that you want people to like — big and chunky is fine, but nothing incredibly gaudy or expensive-looking. It's already going to be bigger than most rings, so if the design is extravagant as well it just becomes this massive anchor dragging your hand down. Keep it bold but simple.", "The thumb doesn't have an astrological association, but in classic mythology (and pre-scientific medicine) it was believed to be an indicator of character: strong, straight thumbs meant an authoritative personality, while crooked ones were seen as a sign of wickedness or dishonesty.", "It'll depend on the rings. Generally, you won't wear more than one on any given finger, but then you'll run into things like clusters of four or five wire-thin bands that are meant to be worn together.", "But assuming only one ring per finger, two or three spread out across both hands is usually a safe max. Even that's going to be very striking — go too much beyond that and you're just a caricature.", "Oftentimes, you're best off with a single bold “statement” ring on one hand and nothing else, or nothing more than a plain wedding/engagement band if it's relevant.", "Quality matters more than quantity, at the end of the day — no matter what finger you're displaying your rings on.", "Antonio Centeno is the founder of RealMenRealStyle having studied style in London, Hong Kong, and Bangkok. He is a former US Marine Officer with an MBA from UT Austin and BA from Cornell College. Want to discover how to Command Respect, Attract Opportunity & Increase Income by leveraging science of style? Click Here To Find Your STYLE SCORE!." ] }, "parsed_md": "Rings & Fingers Symbolism - Which Finger Should You Wear a Ring On\n\nReal Men Real Style\n\nTimeless Fashion Advice for Men\n\n# Rings & Finger Symbolism | Which Finger Should You Wear a Ring On | Rings &\nMeanings\n\nMost guys don't have a lot of experience with the finer points of ring wearing\netiquette.\n\nThat's not a problem......\n\n.....because if you're reading this you're about to learn more in 5 minutes\nthan what 95% of the population knows about rings and their relationship to\nvarious fingers.\n\nCool 🙂\n\nAlright....let's get started!\n\n<\n\nThere are many traditions regarding jewelry in general and rings in\nparticular.\n\nRings allow you to make a statement without saying a word.\n\nThey can send the message you're not available (married) .......\n\n.....that you attended the Naval Academy ( yes, I see your ring Annapolis man\n🙂 )\n\n.....or that you're from a culture not afraid to display wealth on the hands\n(think bling bling)\n\nNow be aware – wearing a signature ring is not a statement everyone will get.\n\nBut like a lot of fashion choices, they're there for the people who notice,\nand being part of the elite club that “gets it” is part of the fun.\n\nSo if you're someone who's considering wearing a ring purely for the style of\nit (rather than just a wedding band), here are a few of the traditional\nassociations for rings on fingers.\n\nRather watch me talk about rings and symbolism of each finger? Click here to\nwatch my Ring Fingers & Symbolism video on YouTube.\n\n## First – Right Hand vs. Left Hand\n\nFor the most part there aren't any steadfast rules about which hand you wear\nyour ring (s) on.\n\nEngagement and wedding rings are exceptions — there are a lot of specific\ncultural traditions — but at the end of the day there are so many cultural\ntraditions that it becomes an anything-goes situation anywhere that's not\ncompletely homogeneous.\n\nJust for example, most American men will wear their wedding band on their left\nring finger, but a man married in an Eastern Orthodox church could end up\nusing the right hand instead (I do this – watch my videos and you'll see!).\nAnd engagement rings are rare enough on men already that there is no set\ntradition.\n\nSome schools or organizations may have rules about how to wear their rings (in\nwhich case you'll be told), but most will leave it up to their members.\n\nSo for pretty much any ring, don't worry about right hand vs. left hand rules.\nAs far as symbolism goes, the right hand is generally seen as the “physical”\nhand — the active, dominant one that makes most of your gestures. The left is\nthought of as the “mental” hand, representing your character and beliefs.\n\nThose are based, unsurprisingly, on a right-hander's view of the world. A\nleft-handed man might personally find it appropriate to reverse the whole\nthing. At the end of the day we're talking about some very general concepts\nhere — don't be afraid to go your own way with jewelry.\n\n## 1\\. The Little (Pinky) Finger\n\nThis is often the first choice for a man who wants to wear a “statement” ring.\n\nPinky rings have a couple of advantages: they don't have religious or cultural\nassociations in most cultures (unlike the ring finger), and, like rings on the\nfourth finger, they don't touch or interfere with the index/pointer finger at\nall.\n\nIt also isolates the ring from your body a bit, making it more of an eye-\npopping statement. As a result, pinky rings tend to be among the “busiest” or\nflashiest of designs. It's where you wear things when you want attention paid\nto them.\n\nPeople who like astrological or palmistry-related symbolism will associate the\nlittle finger with intelligence and persuasion. It represents Mercury, which\nwas (for obvious reasons) associated with the element of mercury, so you're\nnot going to have a ring made of the relevant metal here — mercury is liquid\nat room temperature and highly toxic to humans.\n\n## 2\\. The Fourth (Ring) Finger\n\nIn the US and much of North & South America, the ring finger is most commonly\nassociated with wedding symbolism: a band on the right fourth finger indicates\nengagement, while a band on the left fourth finger indicates marriage.\n\nThat said, nearly all men opt for a simple gold or silver band for their\nwedding/engagement rings. A large ring with a jewel or a three-dimensional\ndesign on it is far less likely to be taken for something related to your\nmarital status.\n\nThat's not to say that people don't wear some very strange and artistic things\nas wedding bands, from time to time, but it's not the cultural norm. A\ndistinctively decorative ring on the fourth finger probably won't be assumed\nto be a wedding or engagement ring, while a plain metal band or one with\nminor, same-tone etchings or designs probably will be.\n\nSymbolically, the ring finger is associated with Earth's moon, creativity, and\nbeauty, as well as its obvious associations with romantic relationships. The\nmoon's metal is silver, making silver rings a natural choice for non-wedding-\nrelated rings worn on the fourth finger.\n\n<\n\n## 3\\. The Middle Finger\n\nApart from the obvious hand gesture, the middle finger is your largest,\nboldest finger.\n\nRings worn on the middle finger are surprisingly uncommon — in part, that's\nbecause it's adjacent to the index finger, and anything bulky can be quite a\nhindrance to fine manual tasks. It's best to keep things small and simple if\nyou're wearing them on your middle finger.\n\nThat said, a lot of first-time ring-wearers might feel more comfortable with\nthe middle finger, purely because if feels so central, sturdy, and frankly,\n“manly.” If the idea of a pinky ring weirds you out, and you don't want any\nconfusion with wedding/engagement symbolism, the middle finger's a safe\ndefault.\n\nBecause of its central location, the middle finger is held to symbolize\nbalance and responsibility and is associated with Saturn. Since Saturn's metal\nis lead, simple gray metals like steel are common middle finger choices.\n\n## 4\\. The Index or Pointer Finger\n\nThere's a natural instinct to keep the pointer finger clear since we use it\nmore than any other digit (except the thumb), but it turns out that a ring on\nthe finger doesn't interfere with it as much as one on the finger next to it.\n\nIf you go back hundreds of years the index finger was the most common location\nfor a man's ring (generally a signet or a crest — in some parts of Europe,\npeople below a certain rank were actually forbidden from wearing rings,\nbecause they denoted specific family status).\n\nThat makes the index finger a good place for things like class rings,\nfraternal rings, or family and membership crests, although many men\n(especially younger, unmarried men) opt for the ring finger out of habit\ninstead.\n\nAnything that you want to be used frequently and emphatically in your gestures\ncan go on the index finger. It's not as dramatically isolated as something on\nthe outer digits (thumb and pinky), but its prominence in our basic manual\ndexterity makes it noticeable.\n\nThe astrological association for the pointer finger is Jupiter, which\nsymbolizes power, leadership, and authority. The metal association is tin,\nwhich you won't find many rings made out of, but bright silver tones are a\nnormal choice for the index finger.\n\n## 5\\. The Thumb\n\nThumb rings have a slightly outlandish feel to people who come from\nconventional North American culture, but they're actually reasonably common\nworldwide.\n\nIn most societies, a thumb ring on a man is a sign of wealth or influence, and\nthey tend to be broad or bulky to reflect that (also to fit comfortably on the\nthumb, of course).\n\nA thumb ring is also often the natural choice for men who want to wear\nmultiple rings on the same hand since it's at least somewhat distanced from\nthe others. A wedding band plus a pinky or middle finger ring can get quite\ncrowded, both visually and physically, whereas a thumb ring gives everything\nsome space.\n\nThumb gestures are associated with interaction and friendship (think “thumbs\nup”).\n\nWear a ring that you want people to like — big and chunky is fine, but nothing\nincredibly gaudy or expensive-looking. It's already going to be bigger than\nmost rings, so if the design is extravagant as well it just becomes this\nmassive anchor dragging your hand down. Keep it bold but simple.\n\nThe thumb doesn't have an astrological association, but in classic mythology\n(and pre-scientific medicine) it was believed to be an indicator of character:\nstrong, straight thumbs meant an authoritative personality, while crooked ones\nwere seen as a sign of wickedness or dishonesty.\n\n### How Many Rings Can a Man Wear On His Hand?\n\nWhat's the maximum number of rings a guy should wear?\n\nIt'll depend on the rings. Generally, you won't wear more than one on any\ngiven finger, but then you'll run into things like clusters of four or five\nwire-thin bands that are meant to be worn together.\n\nBut assuming only one ring per finger, two or three spread out across both\nhands is usually a safe max. Even that's going to be very striking — go too\nmuch beyond that and you're just a caricature.\n\nOftentimes, you're best off with a single bold “statement” ring on one hand\nand nothing else, or nothing more than a plain wedding/engagement band if it's\nrelevant.\n\nQuality matters more than quantity, at the end of the day — no matter what\nfinger you're displaying your rings on.\n\n### Related posts:\n\nElegant Vs Rugged Watches | Which Watch To Buy First? | Watch Wars 10 Watch\nBuying Mistakes | How To Buy A Men’s Timepiece Summer Accessories What Women\nWant Men To Wear – 11 Pieces of Clothing That She Loves\n\n#### About Antonio\n\nAntonio Centeno is the founder of RealMenRealStyle having studied style in\nLondon, Hong Kong, and Bangkok. He is a former US Marine Officer with an MBA\nfrom UT Austin and BA from Cornell College. Want to discover how to Command\nRespect, Attract Opportunity & Increase Income by leveraging science of style?\nClick Here To Find Your STYLE SCORE!.\n\nGRAB MOST POPULAR RMRS EBOOK – FREE TODAY!\n\nMOST POPULAR POSTS:\n\n * * Free Men’s Style Ebooks\n * How To Dress For Your Body Type\n * 7 Natural Ways To Grow Your Hair Faster\n * Best Colognes & Perfumes For Men\n * Best Beard Growing Tips With Beardbrand\n * Most Attractive Men’s Hairstyles\n * 20 Best Beard Styles You’ll Love\n * How To Grow A Beard FAST\n * Should Men Shave Their Armpits\n * Ring Finger & Symbolism\n * How To Tie A Tie\n * 10 Things Attractive To Women\n * Hair Styling Options For Your Hair Type\n * Best Dress Sneakers For Men\n * 20 Things Men Should NEVER Wear\n * Build Sexual Tension With A Woman\n * 5 Ways To Roll Up Shirt Sleeves\n * Matching Dress Shoes And Suits\n * Right Jeans For Your Body Type\n * Which Suit Colors To Buy\n * How To Buy The Right Size Watch\n * How To Fold A Pocket Square\n\n * Premium Style Course\n * Free Ebooks\n * About\n * Contact\n * Work With RMRS\n\n * Affiliate Disclosure\n * Privacy Policy\n * © Copyright 2012-2021 · RealMenRealStyle.com · All Rights Reserved\n * Want To Advertise?\n\n© Copyright 2021 RealMenRealStyle.com · All Rights Reserved ·\n\nMENU\n\n * FIND YOUR STYLE SCORE\n * 1 HOUR STYLE TRANSFORMATION\n * FREE EBOOKS\n * CLOTHING\n\n * Casual\n * Cold/Hot Weather\n * Denim\n * Dress for Occasion/Profession\n * Dress Shirts\n * Fitness/Athletic\n * Jewelry\n * Infographics\n * Product Reviews\n * Shoes & Socks\n * Suits & Sport Jackets\n * Ties, Scarves, Hats\n * Trousers\n * Undergarments\n * Watches\n * GROOMING\n\n * Beards\n * Fragrance\n * Hair Styles\n * Infographics\n * Nails & Body Hair\n * Oral Hygiene\n * Shaving\n * Skin Care\n * Tattoos & Piercing\n * COMMUNICATION\n\n * Body Language\n * Business Lessons\n * How RMRS Makes Money\n * Personal Relationships\n * Public Speaking\n * TRAVEL & LIVING\n\n * Bags & Luggage\n * Home and Lifestyle Tips\n * Packing Tips\n * Personal Finance\n * Product Reviews\n * Travel Advice\n * RESOURCES\n\n * Men’s Accessories\n * Clothing Retailers\n * Grooming Products\n * Home & Lifestyle\n * How To Buy Guides\n * Infographics\n * Podcast\n * Recommended Books\n * Shoes & Shoe Care\n * Other Men’s Style Blogs\n * ABOUT RMRS\n * CONTACT\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bluenile.com/education/rings/find-your-ring-size", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210912063911/https://www.bluenile.com/education/rings/find-your-ring-size", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Measure Ring Size: Free Ring Size Chart", "passages": [ "Because of each country's product availability, the selection on this site may not be the same as the one you were previously on.", "1-800-242-2728 Stores this webroom feature is not accessible, please do not toggle this if using a screen reader Virtual Appointment this appointment feature is not accessible, please do not toggle this if using a screen reader", "To help you find your ring size, our diamond jewelry experts have put together this complete ring size guide including a ring size chart, printable ring sizer, and tips for measuring at home. We've helped over 500,000 couples find an engagement ring and wedding rings that are a perfect fit.", "If you're shopping for someone else, the best way to find his or her ring size is to ask. If you're planning a surprise, get help from friends and family. They can ask without raising any eyebrows. The average ring size available for women ranges from size 3 to size 9. The most commonly purchased women's rings range between size 5 and size 7. Size 6 is the most popular. The average ring size available for men ranges from size 6 to size 13. The most commonly purchased men's rings range between size 8 to 10-1⁄2. Size 9 is the most popular. These standard ring sizes can help guide you in the right direction. If you do not see the size you need, contact our experts for help placing a special order. There are also a number of at-home methods to find your ring size", "The ring should fit your finger comfortably: snug enough so it won't fall off, but loose enough to slide over your knuckle with relative ease.", "When the knuckle is bigger than the base of the finger, measure both places and pick a size in between the two.", "Measure your ring size at the end of the day when your fingers are warm. Finger size changes depending on the time of day and the weather, and your fingers are actually smaller in the early morning and in cold weather. Also, keep in mind that fingers on your dominant hand are usually larger.", "To make sure you get the best possible fit, the ring resizing process requires adding or removing small amounts of metal depending on the difference between the size purchased and the new size requested. As a result, your ring may be slightly thicker or thinner after resizing. These tiny changes are often visually imperceptible.", "The expert jewelry makers at Blue Nile adhere to strict quality standards so your resized ring both sparkles, and fits, beautifully. After the band is resized, each ring gets cleaned and polished before being returned to you.", "Don't let the question of size stress you out. Blue Nile provides complimentary resizing for most engagement rings and wedding bands within the manufacturer's recommended sizing range, during the first year. If you need a different ring, we offer a 30-day exchange policy for your convenience.", "Some of our ring styles cannot be resized due to their design. In these cases, an icon will appear on the product detail page under the ring size selection.", "For example, diamond and gemstone eternity rings with a specific number of gemstones per finger size, milgrain or ornate bands, silver rings, or rings with alternative metals such as Tungsten cannot be resized.", "We are happy to exchange your ring for another ring in the correct size within 30 days of purchase. It is important to note that should you opt for an exchange, your new ring may contain fewer or more gemstones, diamonds, or a reduction or increase in precious metal weight, which may cause an increase or decrease in the price.", "Whether you're looking for a perfect fit or a unique complement to your engagement ring, use our easy wedding ring matcher tool to complete your set.", "That’s it! No email confirmation needed. Your ring sizer tool will ship today using USPS standard ground and should arrive in 7 to 10 days (8-15 Days in Canada)." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Measure Ring Size: Free Ring Size Chart | Blue Nile\n\nSkip to main content\n\nGet Our Diamond-Buying Cheat Sheet | Sign Up for Our Emails Now >\n\n#### Product selection may have changed due to availability\n\nBecause of each country's product availability, the selection on this site may\nnot be the same as the one you were previously on.\n\nConfirm\n\n1-800-242-2728 Stores this webroom feature is not accessible, please do not\ntoggle this if using a screen reader Virtual Appointment this appointment\nfeature is not accessible, please do not toggle this if using a screen reader\n\nSign In\n\n0\n\nWish List\n\nPlease select your shipping destination & currency\n\nWhere We Ship Blue Nile Shipping Policies\n\nEspañol\n\n0\n\nFree Shipping, Free Returns Free Shipping, Free Returns\n\n * * Diamond Education\n * Cut\n * Color\n * Clarity\n * Carat\n * Shape\n * Shape vs. Price\n * Certification\n * Colored Diamonds\n * Lab-Grown Diamonds\n * Buying Guide\n * * Astor by Blue NileTM Diamonds\n * * Jewelry Education\n * Earrings\n * Necklaces\n * Bracelets\n * * Ring Education\n * Engagement Ring Guide\n * Wedding Ring Guide\n * Men's Wedding Rings\n * Wedding Ring Styles\n * Ring Size Guide\n\n * * Metal Education\n * Platinum\n * Gold\n * Silver\n * Tungsten\n * Cobalt\n * Tantalum\n * Titanium\n * * Gemstone Education\n * Cut\n * Color\n * Clarity\n * Size\n * Enhancements\n * * Pearl Education\n * Akoya\n * Freshwater\n * South Sea\n * Tahitian\n\n# How To Measure Your Ring Size\n\nTo help you find your ring size, our diamond jewelry experts have put together\nthis complete ring size guide including a ring size chart, printable ring\nsizer, and tips for measuring at home. We've helped over 500,000 couples find\nan engagement ring and wedding rings that are a perfect fit.\n\nfind your ring\n\n## Free Ring Sizer\n\nGet a free plastic ring sizer mailed to you. Two-day shipping available ($15).\n\n## Ring Size Chart & Printable Guide\n\nCheck out our printable ring sizer and size conversion chart.\n\nPrint Ring Size Chart\n\n## How To Measure Ring Size With String, Paper & Ruler\n\nIf you're shopping for someone else, the best way to find his or her ring size\nis to ask. If you're planning a surprise, get help from friends and family.\nThey can ask without raising any eyebrows. The average ring size available for\nwomen ranges from size 3 to size 9. The most commonly purchased women's rings\nrange between size 5 and size 7. Size 6 is the most popular. The average ring\nsize available for men ranges from size 6 to size 13. The most commonly\npurchased men's rings range between size 8 to 10-1⁄2. Size 9 is the most\npopular. These standard ring sizes can help guide you in the right direction.\nIf you do not see the size you need, contact our experts for help placing a\nspecial order. There are also a number of at-home methods to find your ring\nsize\n\n## Measure your ring size with these steps:\n\n 1. Wrap string or paper around the base of your finger.\n 2. Mark the point where the ends meet with a pen.\n 3. Measure the string or paper with a ruler (mm).\n 4. Pick the closest measurement on the ring size chart to find your ring size.\n\n## More Ring Sizing Tips:\n\n 1. Measure the inside of another ring that fits using a tape measure and our printable ring sizer.\n 2. The ring should fit your finger comfortably: snug enough so it won't fall off, but loose enough to slide over your knuckle with relative ease.\n 3. When the knuckle is bigger than the base of the finger, measure both places and pick a size in between the two.\n 4. Measure your ring size at the end of the day when your fingers are warm. Finger size changes depending on the time of day and the weather, and your fingers are actually smaller in the early morning and in cold weather. Also, keep in mind that fingers on your dominant hand are usually larger.\n 5. Measure 3 to 4 times for more accuracy.\n\n## What Happens When My Ring Is Resized?\n\nTo make sure you get the best possible fit, the ring resizing process requires\nadding or removing small amounts of metal depending on the difference between\nthe size purchased and the new size requested. As a result, your ring may be\nslightly thicker or thinner after resizing. These tiny changes are often\nvisually imperceptible.\n\nThe expert jewelry makers at Blue Nile adhere to strict quality standards so\nyour resized ring both sparkles, and fits, beautifully. After the band is\nresized, each ring gets cleaned and polished before being returned to you.\n\n## What If I Order the Wrong Ring Size?\n\nDon't let the question of size stress you out. Blue Nile provides\ncomplimentary resizing for most engagement rings and wedding bands within the\nmanufacturer's recommended sizing range, during the first year. If you need a\ndifferent ring, we offer a 30-day exchange policy for your convenience.\n\n## Rings That Can't Be Resized\n\nSome of our ring styles cannot be resized due to their design. In these cases,\nan icon will appear on the product detail page under the ring size selection.\n\nFor example, diamond and gemstone eternity rings with a specific number of\ngemstones per finger size, milgrain or ornate bands, silver rings, or rings\nwith alternative metals such as Tungsten cannot be resized.\n\nWe are happy to exchange your ring for another ring in the correct size within\n30 days of purchase. It is important to note that should you opt for an\nexchange, your new ring may contain fewer or more gemstones, diamonds, or a\nreduction or increase in precious metal weight, which may cause an increase or\ndecrease in the price.\n\n## Next: Back to Ring Education\n\nLearn More About Rings\n\n## Explore More\n\n### Recently Purchased Engagement Rings\n\nBrowse our customer's recent creations for endless engagement ring\ninspiration.\n\n### Top Ten Men’s Wedding Rings\n\nDiscover best-selling men's wedding ring styles that exemplify timeless design\nand craftsmanship.\n\n### Top Ten Women's Wedding Rings\n\nOur top-rated women's wedding rings, available in one place, offer plenty of\nbrilliant inspiration.\n\n### Find Your Matching Wedding Rings\n\nWhether you're looking for a perfect fit or a unique complement to your\nengagement ring, use our easy wedding ring matcher tool to complete your set.\n\nThe following errors have occurred:\n\n## Ring Sizer Request Submitted\n\nThat’s it! No email confirmation needed. Your ring sizer tool will ship today\nusing USPS standard ground and should arrive in 7 to 10 days (8-15 Days in\nCanada).\n\nThank you! While you wait here is our free PDF download.\n\nRing Sizer Request Error\n\nWe're sorry, but our system was unable to initialize Google Recaptcha to\nensure request is from a human.\n\nWe're sorry, but our system was unable to process the request. Please try\nagain.\n\n## Connect\n\n * * 1-800-242-2728\n * Email Us\n * Contact Us\n * FAQs\n * Help Topics\n * Order Status\n * Returns\n * Sell Your Diamond\n * Refer a Friend\n * * Returns Are Free\n * Conflict Free Diamonds\n * Diamond Price Matching\n * Diamond Upgrade Program\n * Free Lifetime Warranty\n * Free Secure Shipping\n * Free Boxes & Gift Cards\n * Blue Nile Credit Card\n * Jewelry Insurance\n * * What We Believe\n * Quality & Value\n * Customer Reviews\n * Blue Nile Blog\n * Careers\n * Locations\n * * Round\n * Princess\n * Cushion\n * Oval\n * Emerald\n * Pear\n * Asscher\n * Heart\n * Radiant\n * Marquise\n * Give Us Feedback\n * ## shipping destination & currency\n\n * ## account\n\n * Sign In/Create Your Account\n\n## Customer Care\n\n * 1-800-242-2728\n * Email Us\n * Contact Us\n * FAQs\n * Help Topics\n * Order Status\n * Returns\n * Sell Your Diamond\n * Refer a Friend\n * Give Us Your Feedback\n\n## Why Blue Nile?\n\n * Returns Are Free\n * Conflict Free Diamonds\n * Diamond Price Matching\n * Diamond Upgrade Program\n * Free Lifetime Warranty\n * Free Secure Shipping\n * Free Boxes & Gift Cards\n * Blue Nile Credit Card\n * Jewelry Insurance\n\n## About Blue Nile\n\n * What We Believe\n * Quality & Value\n * Customer Reviews\n * Blue Nile Blog\n * Careers\n * Locations\n\n## Diamond Shapes\n\n * Round\n * Princess\n * Cushion\n * Oval\n * Emerald\n * Pear\n * Asscher\n * Heart\n * Radiant\n * Marquise\n\nGive Us Your Feedback\n\nThe following errors have occurred:\n\nThank You\n\nThank you for taking the time to give us your input.\n\nWe're sorry, your entry could not go through at this time. Please try again\nlater.\n\nContinue shopping\n\nWe're sorry, but our system was unable to initialize Google Recaptcha to\nensure feedback is from a human.\n\nContinue shopping\n\n * Site Map\n * Updated Privacy Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Accessibility\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n© 1999-2021 Blue Nile Inc.\n\n" } ]
83,659
How To Remove Coloring Washed in to Clothes
If you want to remove coloring washed into white clothes, start by soaking the garment in a sink with 1 gallon of cool water and 1 cup of white vinegar for 30 minutes. Then, rinse the garment with cool water and machine wash it with detergent and cool water. Air dry it when it’s done. To remove color bleed from colored clothing, simply rewash the item with detergent as usual.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20170924171103/http://home.howstuffworks.com:80/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-prevent-color-bleeding-in-laundry1.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211202000353/https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-fix-dye-transfer/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201127135637/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/color-catcher.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414221133/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/dye-transfer.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211010100111/https://retrohousewifegoesgreen.com/make-your-own-color-safe-bleach/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171106043016/http://ndipat.org:80/blog/never-forget-to-switch-over-your-laundry-again/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210705034928/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a16116/stains-dye-red-may07/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303122350/https://www.today.com/news/solutions-laundry-list-washing-dilemmas-wbna23452369", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171122140042/http://indian.ifas.ufl.edu:80/FCS/colorsbleedingnews.htm" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "http://home.howstuffworks.com:80/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-prevent-color-bleeding-in-laundry1.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170924171103/http://home.howstuffworks.com:80/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-prevent-color-bleeding-in-laundry1.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Tips for Keeping Colors From Bleeding in the Wash - How to Prevent Color Bleeding in Laundry", "passages": [ "The secret to minimizing color bleeding without spending your life in the laundry room lies in choosing clothes that are less likely to bleed. When you shop, avoid labels with instructions like, \"Color May Wash Down,\" \"Color Rubs Off,\" \"Do Not Use Detergent,\" \"Turn Inside Out to Launder,\" \"Wash Before Wear\" or \"Use Cold Water.\" These are clues that the dyes used to color the garment are unstable or likely to bleed in the wash. If you examine an item's care labels and don't spot any of these warning signs, it's most likely colorfast, which means that it can be expected to avoid fading and bleeding for the most part. Of course, even colorfast fabrics shouldn't be tossed in the washing machine with your favorite white shirt. Wash these items by themselves the first time you launder them to rinse out any loose or unstable dyes, just in case.", "To further reduce problems with color bleeding, choose clothing made from synthetic fibers, like polyester or nylon. These synthetic fibers tend to hold on to color better than natural materials, like cotton or wool, resulting in less dye transfer and fading in the wash.", "Once you've chosen more fade-resistant fabrics, changing up your laundry techniques can help you further reduce your risk of color bleeding. Many people believe that you must wash clothes in hot water to get them clean. With modern detergents, washing clothes in hot water is not only unnecessary, but may be downright harmful. Hot water opens up the fibers in clothes to release the dye, while cold water keeps them closed, trapping the dye inside to prevent bleeding. Choosing the cold setting on your washing machine will eliminate most problems with color bleeding, and may also help clothes last longer.", "Still worried about color bleeding, even after taking all the necessary precautions? Pick up some commercial color catchers. These dye magnets look like fabric softener sheets, but they're designed to catch loose dyes in the washer before they transfer to your clothes. Color catcher sheets can be particularly helpful when you're dealing with red or orange dyes, because, as we mentioned earlier, these colors tend to be less stable and are more likely to bleed than other hues.", "Have more laundry-related questions? Check out the links on the next page to learn all about how to properly treat your clothes in the wash.", "Washing clothes in cold water saves energy, prevents color bleeding, and gets most clothes clean. But when it comes to sheets and towels, it's best to stick with hot water in order to eliminate germs and dust mites." ] }, "parsed_md": "Tips for Keeping Colors From Bleeding in the Wash - How to Prevent Color\nBleeding in Laundry | HowStuffWorks\n\nHome & Garden\n\n 1. HowStuffWorks\n\n 2. Home & Garden\n\n 3. Home Improvement\n\n 4. Household Hints & Tips\n\n 5. Cleaning & Organizing\n\n 6. Laundry\n\n# How to Prevent Color Bleeding in Laundry\n\nby Bambi Turner\n\nTips for Keeping Colors From Bleeding in the Wash\n\nPrev NEXT\n\nThe secret to minimizing color bleeding without spending your life in the\nlaundry room lies in choosing clothes that are less likely to bleed. When you\nshop, avoid labels with instructions like, \"Color May Wash Down,\" \"Color Rubs\nOff,\" \"Do Not Use Detergent,\" \"Turn Inside Out to Launder,\" \"Wash Before Wear\"\nor \"Use Cold Water.\" These are clues that the dyes used to color the garment\nare unstable or likely to bleed in the wash. If you examine an item's care\nlabels and don't spot any of these warning signs, it's most likely colorfast,\nwhich means that it can be expected to avoid fading and bleeding for the most\npart. Of course, even colorfast fabrics shouldn't be tossed in the washing\nmachine with your favorite white shirt. Wash these items by themselves the\nfirst time you launder them to rinse out any loose or unstable dyes, just in\ncase.\n\nTo further reduce problems with color bleeding, choose clothing made from\nsynthetic fibers, like polyester or nylon. These synthetic fibers tend to hold\non to color better than natural materials, like cotton or wool, resulting in\nless dye transfer and fading in the wash.\n\nKeep Reading Below\n\nOnce you've chosen more fade-resistant fabrics, changing up your laundry\ntechniques can help you further reduce your risk of color bleeding. Many\npeople believe that you must wash clothes in hot water to get them clean. With\nmodern detergents, washing clothes in hot water is not only unnecessary, but\nmay be downright harmful. Hot water opens up the fibers in clothes to release\nthe dye, while cold water keeps them closed, trapping the dye inside to\nprevent bleeding. Choosing the cold setting on your washing machine will\neliminate most problems with color bleeding, and may also help clothes last\nlonger.\n\nStill worried about color bleeding, even after taking all the necessary\nprecautions? Pick up some commercial color catchers. These dye magnets look\nlike fabric softener sheets, but they're designed to catch loose dyes in the\nwasher before they transfer to your clothes. Color catcher sheets can be\nparticularly helpful when you're dealing with red or orange dyes, because, as\nwe mentioned earlier, these colors tend to be less stable and are more likely\nto bleed than other hues.\n\nHave more laundry-related questions? Check out the links on the next page to\nlearn all about how to properly treat your clothes in the wash.\n\nCan I wash everything in cold water?\n\nWashing clothes in cold water saves energy, prevents color bleeding, and gets\nmost clothes clean. But when it comes to sheets and towels, it's best to stick\nwith hot water in order to eliminate germs and dust mites.\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * 3\n * NEXT\n\nPrint | Citation & Date | Reprint\n\n### More to Explore\n\n### Related Content\n\n5 Tips for Cleaning Without Getting Dirty\n\nHow to Wash Fiberglass Out of Clothing\n\n9 Green Bathroom Cleaning Tips\n\nHow to Remove Glue From Fabric\n\nWas Mom Right? Can you use newspaper to clean glass?\n\n5 Things in Your Bathroom You Should Clean EverydayÂÂ\n\n### Today's Headlines\n\nExtraordinary, Eccentric and Eerie: Our Best Stories You Might Have Missed\nThis Week\n\nDotard, Slumgullion, and Other Gloriously Archaic Insults\n\nPeople Will Go to Bizarre Lengths to Pass a Drug Test\n\n### Most Popular\n\n10 Hand Tools that Have Real Power\n\nHow to Keep Your Windows Spotless when the HOA Won't\n\nHow Motion-Activated Screwdrivers Work\n\nIs stainless steel really impossible to stain?\n\n10 Tips for Surviving Communal Bathrooms\n\n### More to Explore\n\nAdvertise With Us\n\n * About\n * Shows\n * Privacy\n * Ad Choices\n * Terms\n\n * Store\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Help\n * Reprints\n\nCopyright © 2017 HowStuffWorks, a division of InfoSpace Holdings LLC\n\nNewsletter\n\nGet the best of HowStuffWorks by email. Keep up to date on:\n\n * Latest Buzz\n * Stuff Shows & Podcasts\n * Tours\n * Weird & Wacky\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-fix-dye-transfer/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211202000353/https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-fix-dye-transfer/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Fix Dye Transfer", "passages": [ "Dye transfer is one of the most vexing of all laundry care problems. It occurs when a color from one garment bleeds into the fabric of another (and sometimes an entire load). The best way to handle dye transfer problems is to avoid them.", "Spray the dye transfer area liberally. You should test a small, inconspicuous area of the garment first with this solution as it may cause discoloration on some garments.", "If the entire garment has dye transfer (i.e. a white shirt that has turned pink), you may mix a larger amount of the above solution and submerge the entire garment briefly. Again, always test a small, inconspicuous area to make sure no further discoloration will occur.", "If your garments are bleach safe (always check the tag), mix a diluted solution of bleach and hot water (about 1 part bleach to eight parts water), and soak the dye transfer area with the solution (or the entire garment if necessary). If this solution does not lift the stain, gradually increase the amount of bleach until the solution is about half and half, or until the stain appears to lift. Wash as usual, but do not dry until you are sure the stain is gone. ALWAYS REMEMBER that bleach is a hazardous chemical and should be handled with care. For more information, see Ashland Material Safety Data Sheet (PDF).", "As an alternative method, or for use on clothing that is not bleach-safe, soak the garment in hot water infused with green tea. After soaking for about 15 minutes, remove the garment, spread regular table salt on the dye transfer stain, and let stand for another 15 minutes. Wash as usual, but do not dry if the stain is not completely gone.", "As another alternative method, also for use on clothing that is not bleach-safe, wash your garment as you normally would (by itself), but instead of using regular detergent, use 1/4 of Boric Acid (Borax, found in the laundry aisle at most grocery stores).", "Read all labels on your clothes carefully; many clothing labels will indicate that the colors have a tendency to bleed by stating that the clothing should be washed separately or with like colors. If your label says that, follow their advice, especially if it the first time you are washing the garment.", "Sort your clothes carefully and make sure you don’t wash any darker colors with your lighter colors, which invites dye transfer trouble.", "There are products known as fabric stabilizers (or “interfacing”) that will serve to absorb dyes and act as color magnets in your washer, thus avoiding the issue of dye transfer. You can find these products (which look like thin sheets of foam) at most fabric stores.", "There are other products which you can actually add to your wash that help to prevent dye transfer. You can usually find these products in the laundry aisle at your local store or online.", "If a dye transfer stain does occur, the sooner you tackle the stain, the better. Don’t allow the stain to set in; you stand the best chance of eliminating the stain by working on the garment while it is still wet.", "If you want to remove the dye transfer stain, under no circumstances should you dry the garment or use an iron on it as this will set the stain, which will then be nearly impossible to remove.", "“Rit”, has a product sold in most laundry aisles and fabric stores, that may help remove color stains from WHITE clothing (it removes all color, so shouldn’t be used on colored clothing). Rit is very powerful, so be sure to wear rubber gloves, old clothes and follow all directions on the box. It may even mar the finish on some appliances and table tops, so exercise caution in where you use it.", "“Mrs. Stewart’s Bluing” is another product you may try to help lift out dye transfer stains. It can usually be found in the soap or laundry aisle of your grocery store.", "Keep in mind that not all dye transfer stains can be removed and the darker the stain, the less likely it will come out entirely. If you simply can’t part with the garment, consider other alternatives, such as dying the entire garment a darker color.", "It is extremely dangerous to mix ammonia and chlorine bleach, and the clothing should not remain in the bleach for a long period. #7 should mention this. Rewrite of the first portion: #7 As an alternative method, check the tag to see if your garments are bleach safe. If you have used ammonia, thoroughly rinse it out, as ammonia and bleach will create poisonous gas when mixed. Mix a diluted solution of bleach and hot water (about 1 part bleach to eight parts water), and soak the dye transfer area with the solution (or the entire garment if necessary) for about 10 mins. If this solution does not lift the stain...", "Just wanted to THANK you! You saved all my white mixed with an unfortunate pink jacket left in the machine... ammonia + washing up liquid and hot water; all dye stains disappeared in less than 20 min. THANKS!!!", "I dyed the canvas handle of a hand bag dark brown and unfortunately the dye transferred to the sleeve of my new white heavy cotton jacket. I sent it to the cleaners, but they couldn’t get it all out “without damage to the garment.” Any great suggestions as to how I can remove this dye residue from my sleeve? I don’t think submerging the entire garment is an option as it does not say washable on the label, but I am thinking maybe I can just treat the sleeve. Any expertise you can lend would be very much appreciated. Thanks so much!", "I have a wool melon-colored sweater that, when I picked it up from the dry cleaners, had a black tinge to the entire garment. It clearly had been laundered with dark fabrics – the counter person was useless and so is the sweater now. However, I could dye it plum or something and make it wearable – had not thought about going darker as an option – thanks!!!", "If you put about a 1/4 cup of salt in the washer with a colored garment the first time you wash it (in cold water), it helps to set the color.", "I was spraying my roots with root touch up and a little dropped like a bloop onto my white work shirt which is poly cotton. I really need to know how to get this stain out by myself. Please help me. Thank you very much.", "Linda, This is the article you need: How to Remove Hair Dye from Towels. (Towels and shirts are both fabrics so the treatment is the same.)", "I accidentally washed a green cotton cloth with a maroon shawl and the light green has turned out to a dirty green. It was my mother-in-law’s suit. She’s very angry at me. Can any one tell me how to turn it back to green? Please help.", "Hi. Has anyone any ideas of how to remove a pink dye from a grey jumper? It’s all over and I really need to remove as it’s not mine, it’s my friend’s.", "My daughter brought me a Christmas tree skirt that she crocheted. It is done with white and red yarn. She had to wash it and when she did, the red yarn bled and turned the white pink. Is there any way to get the pink out of the white?", "I have color dye transfer on my uphostered chair. I cleaned a stain with water before seeing that the fabric should be dry cleaned with solvent. The navy blue has bled into the white! Can anything take out the dye transfer? Should I use the dry cleaning solvent? It is a small, but obvious, area! Thanks for any advice.", "But, mine is the same garment! It’s a combination of white plus black in a pattern, but the white is no longer white! Can anything be done?", "I bought a pair of black dress pants and didn’t think to wash them before I wore them. Turns out they transferred dye to my plastic phone case, as well as a rubber bracelet I was wearing. I tried using an eraser, a Mr. Clean Magic Eraser, as well as Rit Dye Remover, but nothings worked. Suggestions?", "I bought this beautiful red dress in London a few months ago, wore it a few times, then decided to wash it. I guess I wasn’t thinking and put a navy thing in the wash with it, worrying that maybe the red would bleed or something. Sadly, my beautiful red dress now has a few navy stains on it. I am very upset and really eager to find a way to fix it, but also scared that I would make the stain worse. I soaked it in cold water and washed it again, but it didn’t help. It’s 98 percent cotton and 2 percent elastic. I hope someone will be able to save my dress.", "I sweat a lot. My leather strap on my guitar stained the collar of several dress shirts...(sort of a dark scuff); it makes them useless...is there hope?", "Priya, Ammonia can often be found in hardware stores, such as Ace Hardware. You may also be able to find it at Walmart.", "I have a white shirt with red and black linings on the sleeves. The garment was dried before I discovered the dye transfer, which is red. What should I do?", "Using green tea to remove stains sounds dubious to me. Google has plenty of results for “removing green tea stains,” but none regarding green tea as a method for removing them. I understand the tea is infused in a bucket of water, but weak coffee and watered down beetroot juice will still cause stains. Staining a garment a light muddy green might disguise the existing stain, but isn’t necessarily a solution. Has the author of this page actually attempted this method or is it just incorrect internet make believe?", "I have a hundred-year-old quilt that has orange bleed over it from one nine- square to the other. Is there any way I can treat these orange marks? It is just in the one section.", "I recently looked for fall jackets in my closet, and was upset to find that a dusty rose jacket, which is a vinyl product, had a black transfer stain on the back of the collar and inside the hood. It is a cute little jacket, and I would like to be able to wear it hood and all. Do you have any suggestions?", "This recipe is pretty amazing! I have a favorite baby jumper with red/pink poppy pattern on white. It absorbed blue dye in the wash and looked drab and terrible. I thought it was a goner after trying every trick I knew to lift the errant dye. Upon contact with the ammonia/detergent mixture, the blue transferred out of the garment and into the suds. Now, the white is vibrant once again and shows no trace of blue, and the red didn’t fade in the process. Tremendous; thank you!", "How can I protect our re-dyed fabric when it has lost it’s color? It loses more color every wash. Please, any advice for how I can protect what color remains?", "I made a quilt, which is white and black on the top and red on the back. I have discovered that the red fabric will run. Is there anything I can do to stop this? I did test a bit of the fabric before I used it and thought it would not run, but did it again just to be sure on the leftover fabric, and it does run quite badly. What can I do to stop this?", "I have a pieced quilt – dark blue, medium blue, dark red, medium red and white. It was on our waterbed, which sprung a leak. The blues and reds have bled into the white pieces. How can I get the colors out of the white areas and save my quilt?", "I had a pink shirt that had black splotches from a new black shirt I washed with it. Used your advice and while it was still wet, mixed half ammonia and half detergent, then I scrubbed the solution onto the spots with a toothbrush and voila; the stains are gone. Thank you sooooo much!", "I washed a pair of black basketball shorts that have a white stripe down the side with a red sweatshirt and it turned the white stripe on the shorts pink. My son wasn’t too happy about having to wear them that way and the shorts were his football practice shorts. I tried soaking them in water mixed with a lot of ammonia and dish detergent and that instantly started to remove the red dye from the white strip. Nothing else had worked up to that point. Thanks for the tip." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Fix Dye Transfer » How To Clean Stuff.net\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nHow To Clean Stuff.net\n\nHome » Cleaning Guides » Clothing & Fabrics » Stain Removal » How to Fix Dye\nTransfer\n\n# How to Fix Dye Transfer\n\nTable of Contents:\n\n 1. Dye Transfer Removal Methods\n 2. Preventing Dye Transfer\n 3. Additional Tips and Advice\n\nDye transfer is one of the most vexing of all laundry care problems. It occurs\nwhen a color from one garment bleeds into the fabric of another (and sometimes\nan entire load). The best way to handle dye transfer problems is to avoid\nthem.\n\n## Dye Transfer Removal Methods\n\n### What you will need:\n\n * Spray Bottle\n * Water\n * Ammonia\n * Dish detergent (such as Dawn or Joy)\n * Small nailbrush or toothbrush\n * Bleach\n * Green Tea\n * Salt\n * Borax\n\n### Removal Process:\n\n 1. In a spray bottle, mix equal parts water, ammonia and dish detergent.\n 2. Spray the dye transfer area liberally. You should test a small, inconspicuous area of the garment first with this solution as it may cause discoloration on some garments.\n 3. Brush the area briskly with the nailbrush or toothbrush.\n 4. Wash the garment again as usual (by itself).\n 5. If the entire garment has dye transfer (i.e. a white shirt that has turned pink), you may mix a larger amount of the above solution and submerge the entire garment briefly. Again, always test a small, inconspicuous area to make sure no further discoloration will occur.\n 6. If the stain still remains after washing, repeat the procedure.\n 7. If your garments are bleach safe (always check the tag), mix a diluted solution of bleach and hot water (about 1 part bleach to eight parts water), and soak the dye transfer area with the solution (or the entire garment if necessary). If this solution does not lift the stain, gradually increase the amount of bleach until the solution is about half and half, or until the stain appears to lift. Wash as usual, but do not dry until you are sure the stain is gone. ALWAYS REMEMBER that bleach is a hazardous chemical and should be handled with care. For more information, see Ashland Material Safety Data Sheet (PDF).\n 8. As an alternative method, or for use on clothing that is not bleach-safe, soak the garment in hot water infused with green tea. After soaking for about 15 minutes, remove the garment, spread regular table salt on the dye transfer stain, and let stand for another 15 minutes. Wash as usual, but do not dry if the stain is not completely gone.\n 9. As another alternative method, also for use on clothing that is not bleach-safe, wash your garment as you normally would (by itself), but instead of using regular detergent, use 1/4 of Boric Acid (Borax, found in the laundry aisle at most grocery stores).\n\n## Preventing Dye Transfer\n\n * Read all labels on your clothes carefully; many clothing labels will indicate that the colors have a tendency to bleed by stating that the clothing should be washed separately or with like colors. If your label says that, follow their advice, especially if it the first time you are washing the garment.\n * Sort your clothes carefully and make sure you don’t wash any darker colors with your lighter colors, which invites dye transfer trouble.\n * Remove your clothes promptly from the washer once the cycle is complete.\n * Be especially wary of red or orange colored clothing as those colors tend to bleed more easily.\n * There are products known as fabric stabilizers (or “interfacing”) that will serve to absorb dyes and act as color magnets in your washer, thus avoiding the issue of dye transfer. You can find these products (which look like thin sheets of foam) at most fabric stores.\n * There are other products which you can actually add to your wash that help to prevent dye transfer. You can usually find these products in the laundry aisle at your local store or online.\n\n## Additional Tips and Advice\n\n * If a dye transfer stain does occur, the sooner you tackle the stain, the better. Don’t allow the stain to set in; you stand the best chance of eliminating the stain by working on the garment while it is still wet.\n * If you want to remove the dye transfer stain, under no circumstances should you dry the garment or use an iron on it as this will set the stain, which will then be nearly impossible to remove.\n * “Rit”, has a product sold in most laundry aisles and fabric stores, that may help remove color stains from WHITE clothing (it removes all color, so shouldn’t be used on colored clothing). Rit is very powerful, so be sure to wear rubber gloves, old clothes and follow all directions on the box. It may even mar the finish on some appliances and table tops, so exercise caution in where you use it.\n * “Mrs. Stewart’s Bluing” is another product you may try to help lift out dye transfer stains. It can usually be found in the soap or laundry aisle of your grocery store.\n * Keep in mind that not all dye transfer stains can be removed and the darker the stain, the less likely it will come out entirely. If you simply can’t part with the garment, consider other alternatives, such as dying the entire garment a darker color.\n\nFiled Under: Stain Removal Tagged With: dye\n\n## Was This Guide Helpful?\n\n+13\n\n-6\n\nRating: +7. From 19 votes.\n\nPlease wait...\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n## Related Posts\n\nHow to Remove Dye Stains from Clothing\n\nHow to Remove Color Runs on a Cashmere Sweater\n\nHow to Remove Dye Stains from Upholstery\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Linda says\n\nDecember 12, 2014 at 12:30 am\n\nIt is extremely dangerous to mix ammonia and chlorine bleach, and the clothing\nshould not remain in the bleach for a long period. #7 should mention this.\nRewrite of the first portion: #7 As an alternative method, check the tag to\nsee if your garments are bleach safe. If you have used ammonia, thoroughly\nrinse it out, as ammonia and bleach will create poisonous gas when mixed. Mix\na diluted solution of bleach and hot water (about 1 part bleach to eight parts\nwater), and soak the dye transfer area with the solution (or the entire\ngarment if necessary) for about 10 mins. If this solution does not lift the\nstain...\n\nReply\n\n 2. Claudia says\n\nJanuary 31, 2014 at 6:19 am\n\nJust wanted to THANK you! You saved all my white mixed with an unfortunate\npink jacket left in the machine... ammonia + washing up liquid and hot water;\nall dye stains disappeared in less than 20 min. THANKS!!!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Karen says\n\nJuly 15, 2013 at 9:05 pm\n\nI dyed the canvas handle of a hand bag dark brown and unfortunately the dye\ntransferred to the sleeve of my new white heavy cotton jacket. I sent it to\nthe cleaners, but they couldn’t get it all out “without damage to the\ngarment.” Any great suggestions as to how I can remove this dye residue from\nmy sleeve? I don’t think submerging the entire garment is an option as it does\nnot say washable on the label, but I am thinking maybe I can just treat the\nsleeve. Any expertise you can lend would be very much appreciated. Thanks so\nmuch!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Catherine in Tulsa says\n\nOctober 29, 2010 at 12:47 pm\n\nI have a wool melon-colored sweater that, when I picked it up from the dry\ncleaners, had a black tinge to the entire garment. It clearly had been\nlaundered with dark fabrics – the counter person was useless and so is the\nsweater now. However, I could dye it plum or something and make it wearable –\nhad not thought about going darker as an option – thanks!!!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Angie says\n\nFebruary 16, 2009 at 2:58 pm\n\nIf you put about a 1/4 cup of salt in the washer with a colored garment the\nfirst time you wash it (in cold water), it helps to set the color.\n\nReply\n\n 6. Linda says\n\nMay 18, 2017 at 11:03 pm\n\nI was spraying my roots with root touch up and a little dropped like a bloop\nonto my white work shirt which is poly cotton. I really need to know how to\nget this stain out by myself. Please help me. Thank you very much.\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nMay 19, 2017 at 1:14 pm\n\nLinda, This is the article you need: How to Remove Hair Dye from Towels.\n(Towels and shirts are both fabrics so the treatment is the same.)\n\nReply\n\n 7. Asma says\n\nJanuary 28, 2016 at 12:49 am\n\nI accidentally washed a green cotton cloth with a maroon shawl and the light\ngreen has turned out to a dirty green. It was my mother-in-law’s suit. She’s\nvery angry at me. Can any one tell me how to turn it back to green? Please\nhelp.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Tiffany says\n\nDecember 31, 2015 at 10:10 am\n\nHi. Has anyone any ideas of how to remove a pink dye from a grey jumper? It’s\nall over and I really need to remove as it’s not mine, it’s my friend’s.\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nJanuary 2, 2016 at 6:27 am\n\nTiffany, This is the article that you need: How to Remove Dye Stains from\nClothing.\n\nReply\n\n 9. Gail says\n\nJuly 27, 2015 at 1:26 pm\n\nMy daughter brought me a Christmas tree skirt that she crocheted. It is done\nwith white and red yarn. She had to wash it and when she did, the red yarn\nbled and turned the white pink. Is there any way to get the pink out of the\nwhite?\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nJuly 29, 2015 at 1:13 pm\n\nGail, This is the article that you need: How to Remove Bleeding Dyes from\nClothing.\n\nReply\n\n 10. Evie says\n\nJuly 26, 2015 at 5:18 pm\n\nI have color dye transfer on my uphostered chair. I cleaned a stain with water\nbefore seeing that the fabric should be dry cleaned with solvent. The navy\nblue has bled into the white! Can anything take out the dye transfer? Should I\nuse the dry cleaning solvent? It is a small, but obvious, area! Thanks for any\nadvice.\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nJuly 29, 2015 at 1:33 pm\n\nEvie, This article might help: How to Remove Dye Stains from Upholstery.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Paola says\n\nOctober 19, 2014 at 6:43 pm\n\nBut, mine is the same garment! It’s a combination of white plus black in a\npattern, but the white is no longer white! Can anything be done?\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nOctober 20, 2014 at 9:04 am\n\nPaola, This is the article that you need: How to Remove Bleeding Dyes from\nClothing.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Hilary says\n\nOctober 16, 2014 at 2:49 pm\n\nI bought a pair of black dress pants and didn’t think to wash them before I\nwore them. Turns out they transferred dye to my plastic phone case, as well as\na rubber bracelet I was wearing. I tried using an eraser, a Mr. Clean Magic\nEraser, as well as Rit Dye Remover, but nothings worked. Suggestions?\n\nReply\n\n 13. Sophia says\n\nSeptember 3, 2014 at 12:14 am\n\nI bought this beautiful red dress in London a few months ago, wore it a few\ntimes, then decided to wash it. I guess I wasn’t thinking and put a navy thing\nin the wash with it, worrying that maybe the red would bleed or something.\nSadly, my beautiful red dress now has a few navy stains on it. I am very upset\nand really eager to find a way to fix it, but also scared that I would make\nthe stain worse. I soaked it in cold water and washed it again, but it didn’t\nhelp. It’s 98 percent cotton and 2 percent elastic. I hope someone will be\nable to save my dress.\n\nReply\n\n 14. Richard says\n\nMarch 25, 2014 at 5:56 pm\n\nI sweat a lot. My leather strap on my guitar stained the collar of several\ndress shirts...(sort of a dark scuff); it makes them useless...is there hope?\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nMarch 26, 2014 at 12:36 am\n\nRichard, This is the article that you need: How to Remove Dye Stains from\nClothing.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Priya says\n\nMarch 12, 2014 at 6:28 am\n\nAmmonia is in which products? I mean, from where I can have ammonia?\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nMarch 13, 2014 at 2:05 am\n\nPriya, Ammonia can often be found in hardware stores, such as Ace Hardware.\nYou may also be able to find it at Walmart.\n\nReply\n\n 16. Laiza says\n\nNovember 7, 2013 at 7:49 pm\n\nI have a white shirt with red and black linings on the sleeves. The garment\nwas dried before I discovered the dye transfer, which is red. What should I\ndo?\n\nReply\n\n 17. Ramon says\n\nSeptember 29, 2013 at 6:11 am\n\nUsing green tea to remove stains sounds dubious to me. Google has plenty of\nresults for “removing green tea stains,” but none regarding green tea as a\nmethod for removing them. I understand the tea is infused in a bucket of\nwater, but weak coffee and watered down beetroot juice will still cause\nstains. Staining a garment a light muddy green might disguise the existing\nstain, but isn’t necessarily a solution. Has the author of this page actually\nattempted this method or is it just incorrect internet make believe?\n\nReply\n\n 18. Sandra says\n\nOctober 2, 2012 at 3:32 pm\n\nI have a hundred-year-old quilt that has orange bleed over it from one nine-\nsquare to the other. Is there any way I can treat these orange marks? It is\njust in the one section.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Anne says\n\nSeptember 14, 2012 at 9:32 am\n\nI recently looked for fall jackets in my closet, and was upset to find that a\ndusty rose jacket, which is a vinyl product, had a black transfer stain on the\nback of the collar and inside the hood. It is a cute little jacket, and I\nwould like to be able to wear it hood and all. Do you have any suggestions?\n\nReply\n\n 20. Kim says\n\nAugust 14, 2012 at 5:26 pm\n\nThis recipe is pretty amazing! I have a favorite baby jumper with red/pink\npoppy pattern on white. It absorbed blue dye in the wash and looked drab and\nterrible. I thought it was a goner after trying every trick I knew to lift the\nerrant dye. Upon contact with the ammonia/detergent mixture, the blue\ntransferred out of the garment and into the suds. Now, the white is vibrant\nonce again and shows no trace of blue, and the red didn’t fade in the process.\nTremendous; thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 21. Riya says\n\nJuly 25, 2012 at 1:34 pm\n\nHow can I protect our re-dyed fabric when it has lost it’s color? It loses\nmore color every wash. Please, any advice for how I can protect what color\nremains?\n\nReply\n\n 22. Afra says\n\nFebruary 29, 2012 at 6:33 pm\n\nI made a quilt, which is white and black on the top and red on the back. I\nhave discovered that the red fabric will run. Is there anything I can do to\nstop this? I did test a bit of the fabric before I used it and thought it\nwould not run, but did it again just to be sure on the leftover fabric, and it\ndoes run quite badly. What can I do to stop this?\n\nReply\n\n 23. Rhonda says\n\nNovember 5, 2011 at 8:42 pm\n\nI have a pieced quilt – dark blue, medium blue, dark red, medium red and\nwhite. It was on our waterbed, which sprung a leak. The blues and reds have\nbled into the white pieces. How can I get the colors out of the white areas\nand save my quilt?\n\nReply\n\n 24. Jennifer says\n\nOctober 24, 2011 at 1:09 am\n\nI had a pink shirt that had black splotches from a new black shirt I washed\nwith it. Used your advice and while it was still wet, mixed half ammonia and\nhalf detergent, then I scrubbed the solution onto the spots with a toothbrush\nand voila; the stains are gone. Thank you sooooo much!\n\nReply\n\n 25. Monica says\n\nOctober 18, 2011 at 10:40 am\n\nI washed a pair of black basketball shorts that have a white stripe down the\nside with a red sweatshirt and it turned the white stripe on the shorts pink.\nMy son wasn’t too happy about having to wear them that way and the shorts were\nhis football practice shorts. I tried soaking them in water mixed with a lot\nof ammonia and dish detergent and that instantly started to remove the red dye\nfrom the white strip. Nothing else had worked up to that point. Thanks for the\ntip.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Featured Guides\n\n#### How to Wash Strawberries\n\n#### How to Properly Clean and Protect Hands from Coronavirus\n\n#### How to Clean Hair and Dust from a Bathroom Floor\n\n#### How to Clean Your Toothbrush\n\n## Related Posts\n\nHow to Remove Dye Stains from Clothing\n\nHow to Remove Color Runs on a Cashmere Sweater\n\nHow to Remove Dye Stains from Upholstery\n\n## Footer\n\n### Cleaning Index\n\n * Cleaning Blog\n * Automotive\n * Clothing & Fabrics\n * Floor & Carpet\n * House\n * Kitchen & Bath\n * Outdoors\n * People & Pets\n * Things You Own\n\n### Site Search\n\n### About Us\n\n * About Us\n * Guest Post Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Accessibility Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n * Ask a Question\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n\n© Copyright 2021 HowToCleanStuff.net · All Rights Reserved ·\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.stain-removal-101.com/color-catcher.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201127135637/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/color-catcher.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Do I Need A Color Catcher For My Laundry?", "passages": [ "There are several color catcher products on the market promising to prevent dye transfers in your laundry, but do they really work?", "Everyone knows, at least in theory, that they should sort their laundry into various piles, before washing, including sorting piles into like colors, so you don't get that pink sock or underwear effect from a dye transfer.", "The thing is, that is a pain to do a lot of the time, and adds another step to the whole laundry process.", "Therefore, a special type of laundry product has been created to try to fix this problem -- little pieces of cloth specially formulated to grab bleeding dyes in the wash water and keep them from redepositing on other clothes.", "Please note that these catchers are not the same as dye or color remover products, which grab dye from fabric itself. The cloths don't do that, but instead are just supposed to grab dye from the wash water.", "These color catchers promise a lot, like being able to wash all your clothes together, including a bright red garment with your whites.", "While some people swear by these cloths (see some of the reviews below, for example) other authorities (namely Consumer Reports) say that these products just don't work as promised, and you should just save your money and sort your laundry like we've always been told to do before.", "Here's the video from Consumer Reports showing their tests of two of the most popular brands of this product, Shout Color Catcher and Carbona Color & Dirt Grabber, and how they worked in comparison to just washing the clothes without the product included.", "I've personally tried some of these products (see my reviews below, along with other people's) and I have seen that they do collect dye. You can see that, for example, from the dark color of the sheet after the wash (see picture above).", "What I'm still trying to decide is if they collect enough dye to make it worth my while to use them, or if I'm just slowly making my clothes dingy by not sorting.", "In addition, these products aren't cheap. It is obviously more frugal just to sort your clothes into various piles instead of using this product. Is the expense worth the convenience?", "Here's some reviews of these products which address these very issues. I would love to hear your opinions about it too, so if you've tried one of them you can skip down to share your review here.", "There are several products available for catching dye transfers that occur in the laundry, and if you've tried one I'd love to know how it worked for you, good or bad.", "Tell me which exact brand and type of product you are reviewing, and any other important identifying characteristics of it.", "Further, helpful information would include how it cleaned your clothes, how it smelled, whether it removed stains in your clothing, how it effected wear and tear of the fabric, or any allergies or skin reactions you or a family member experienced, if these are applicable.", "Feel free to comment on any of these submissions to tell your own experience with these products, or about any other thoughts you have.", "Shout Color Catcher Reviews & Uses I tried a Shout Color Catcher with a recent load of laundry I did for the family. Normally, I like to sort my clothes into like colors to keep things ...", "Hi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience with house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other messy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.", "I update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes, reviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various cleaners, removers and laundry supplies.", "I'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter you will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can reference as needed.", "There are affiliate links on this page, and if you purchase a product through them I receive a small commission. Purchasing through my links costs you nothing extra, but helps support the free information provided on this site and my family. To learn more please see my product review disclosure statement.", "CAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is provided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just won't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm your item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive call a professional. See disclaimer of liability for more information." ] }, "parsed_md": "Do I Need A Color Catcher For My Laundry?\n\n * House Cleaning |\n * Laundry |\n * Stains |\n * Homemade Cleaners |\n * Spring Cleaning |\n * Free Stain Removal Chart |\n * Contact Me\n\n# Can I Really Stop Sorting Laundry If I Use A Color Catcher?\n\nThere are several color catcher products on the market promising to prevent\ndye transfers in your laundry, but do they really work?\n\nEveryone knows, at least in theory, that they should sort their laundry into\nvarious piles, before washing, including sorting piles into like colors, so\nyou don't get that pink sock or underwear effect from a dye transfer.\n\nThe thing is, that is a pain to do a lot of the time, and adds another step to\nthe whole laundry process.\n\nTherefore, a special type of laundry product has been created to try to fix\nthis problem -- little pieces of cloth specially formulated to grab bleeding\ndyes in the wash water and keep them from redepositing on other clothes.\n\nPlease note that these catchers are not the same as dye or color remover\nproducts, which grab dye from fabric itself. The cloths don't do that, but\ninstead are just supposed to grab dye from the wash water.\n\nThese color catchers promise a lot, like being able to wash all your clothes\ntogether, including a bright red garment with your whites.\n\nThe million dollar question, however, is do they really work as promised?\n\nThe short answer to this is that people disagree.\n\nWhile some people swear by these cloths (see some of the reviews below, for\nexample) other authorities (namely Consumer Reports) say that these products\njust don't work as promised, and you should just save your money and sort your\nlaundry like we've always been told to do before.\n\nHere's the video from Consumer Reports showing their tests of two of the most\npopular brands of this product, Shout Color Catcher and Carbona Color & Dirt\nGrabber, and how they worked in comparison to just washing the clothes without\nthe product included.\n\nI've personally tried some of these products (see my reviews below, along with\nother people's) and I have seen that they do collect dye. You can see that,\nfor example, from the dark color of the sheet after the wash (see picture\nabove).\n\nWhat I'm still trying to decide is if they collect enough dye to make it worth\nmy while to use them, or if I'm just slowly making my clothes dingy by not\nsorting.\n\nIn addition, these products aren't cheap. It is obviously more frugal just to\nsort your clothes into various piles instead of using this product. Is the\nexpense worth the convenience?\n\nHere's some reviews of these products which address these very issues. I would\nlove to hear your opinions about it too, so if you've tried one of them you\ncan skip down to share your review here.\n\nShout Brand Definitely Grabbed Dye {Taylor's Review}| Shout Saved This Quilt \n---|--- \n \n## Share Your Bleeding Dye Catcher Review Here\n\nThere are several products available for catching dye transfers that occur in\nthe laundry, and if you've tried one I'd love to know how it worked for you,\ngood or bad.\n\nHere are some helpful hints to make sure your review is as useful as possible:\n\nTell me which exact brand and type of product you are reviewing, and any other\nimportant identifying characteristics of it.\n\nFurther, helpful information would include how it cleaned your clothes, how it\nsmelled, whether it removed stains in your clothing, how it effected wear and\ntear of the fabric, or any allergies or skin reactions you or a family member\nexperienced, if these are applicable.\n\nAny other details relevant to your opinions of the product or supply are all\nappreciated.\n\n## Submitted Color Catcher Reviews\n\nClick the links below to see other reviews that have already been submitted.\n\nFeel free to comment on any of these submissions to tell your own experience\nwith these products, or about any other thoughts you have.\n\nShout Color Catcher Reviews & Uses I tried a Shout Color Catcher with a recent\nload of laundry I did for the family. Normally, I like to sort my clothes into\nlike colors to keep things ...\n\nClick here to write your own.\n\n#### Thanks For Visiting My Website: Grab Your Free Gift!\n\nHi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience\nwith house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other\nmessy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.\n\n[Get your free chart here]\n\nI update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes,\nreviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various\ncleaners, removers and laundry supplies.\n\nI'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter\nyou will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can\nreference as needed.\n\nI hope you enjoy this gift, and stop by again soon!\n\n### Share Your Comments, Tips & Ideas\n\n#### Related Links At Stain Removal 101\n\nLaundry Supplies Reviews & Information\n\nLaundry Tips For Busy Moms\n\nGo From Do I Need A Color Catcher? To Stain Removal 101 Home Page\n\nThere are affiliate links on this page, and if you purchase a product through\nthem I receive a small commission. Purchasing through my links costs you\nnothing extra, but helps support the free information provided on this site\nand my family. To learn more please see my product review disclosure\nstatement.\n\nCAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is\nprovided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just\nwon't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm\nyour item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive\ncall a professional. See disclaimer of liability for more information.\n\n### Home & What's New\n\n * Home Page\n * Busy Mom's Blog\n\n### Stain Removal Basics\n\n * {A-Z} Stain Guide\n * Techniques & Rules\n * Ask For Stain Help\n * Stain Tips From Readers\n\n### Remove Stains By Surface\n\n * Clean Upholstery\n\n### Stain Removal Supplies & Equipment\n\n * Recommended Removers\n * {A-M} Remover Reviews\n * {N-Z} Remover Reviews\n * Essential Equipment\n\n### Laundry Tips\n\n * Laundry Guide\n * Fabric Care Guide\n\n### Laundry Supplies & Equipment\n\n * Laundry Supplies Reviews\n * {A-M} Detergent Reviews\n * {N-Z} Detergent Reviews\n * Detergent Facts & Info\n\n### House Cleaning Tips\n\n * How To Clean Anything\n * 31 Days Of Spring Cleaning\n * Cleaning Tips From Readers\n\n### Homemade Cleaners\n\n * Cleaning Products Recipes\n * Recipes From Readers\n\n### Cleaning Supplies & Equipment\n\n * {A-H} Product Reviews\n * {I-Q} Product Reviews\n * {R-Z} Product Reviews\n * Green Cleaners Reviews\n * Earth Friendly Brands\n * Equipment & Tools Reviews\n\n### Household Hints\n\n * Household Remedies\n * Household Hints From Readers\n\n### Resources\n\n * Free Housekeeping Checklist E-Book\n * Search This Site\n\n### Stay In Touch\n\n * Out Darn Spot! Newsletter\n * Contact Me\n\n### Popular Laundry Products Pages\n\nChlorine Bleach\n\nDowny Ball\n\nDowny Unstopables\n\nDryer Sheets\n\nFabric Softener\n\nGain Fireworks\n\nHypoallergenic Varieties\n\nOxiclean\n\nOxygen Bleach\n\nPurex Crystals\n\n#### Let's Stay Connected!\n\nGet Free Email Updates (and get a FREE printable)\n\n### Related Pages\n\nDetergent Reviews & Ratings\n\nLaundry Guide For Busy Moms\n\nSpot Remover Reviews\n\nAsk Me Your Laundry Questions\n\nEarth Friendly Laundry Products\n\nHomemade Laundry Products Recipes\n\nWashing Detergent Guide\n\nVisit Household Management 101\n\nVisit Home Storage Solutions 101\n\n * Disclaimer of Liability |\n * Disclosure |\n * Privacy Policy |\n * Product Review Disclosure |\n * Advertising |\n * Share This Site\n\nCopyright © 2009-2020 - Flanery Companies, LLC - All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.stain-removal-101.com/dye-transfer.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414221133/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/dye-transfer.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Fix A Dye Transfer Or Bleeding Dye Laundry Mishap", "passages": [ "If you've ever washed a red sock with white clothes you've seen the result of dye transfer or bleeding dye on your laundry when everything turned pink. Here are tips for how to fix it, and prevent color runs from happening again.", "If you wash some items together in the washing machine, or lay a wet piece of fabric on something else, and you see a transfer of dye from one piece of fabric to another, the first rule to remember is, do not dry the fabric in the dryer.", "The heat from the dryer may set the dye, making the transfer permanent, so let the item air dry if you don't have time to deal with it right away.", "Once you are ready to deal with the problem, what you do next depends on whether the article that had the color run onto it was white, or another color.", "It seems that color runs onto white fabrics more than onto colored fabrics. This is somewhat of an illusion, since the dye transfer is generally about the same, it is just that you notice it a whole lot more with white cloth because there's no other dye to hide the bleeding.", "Fortunately, there are a couple of products designed specifically to remove dye or color runs from white fabric. They are called by a variety of names such as dye remover, color remover, or color run remover.", "I've collected color remover reviews here, for various products they've used when readers have experienced this problem (on either white or colored fabrics), sharing how various products worked for them.", "The products that are the most well known, and that I recommend for use on white clothes are Rit Color Remover and Carbona Color Run Remover (see below for where you can purchase these online).", "Both of these products are designed to be used only with white fabric, since they both strip away not only any colors that have run, but also any dyes already in the fabric.", "If you don't want to buy a product to try to remove this dye run, you can also try some of the techniques I suggest below for colored fabrics on your white fabrics.", "It is much more difficult to remove bleeding dye from colored fabric, since there are not really any products designed to help with this problem.", "Fortunately, if the dye bled in the first place it will often lift off the item it transferred to also, sometimes on its own with a couple more washes, typically in really hot water with a strong laundry detergent.", "If you feel like it may bleed more during the process of trying to wash out the original transferred dye some people have had good luck with using a color catcher while washing in this way to catch the dye that bleeds before it redeposits onto the fabric again (here's an example if you're interested).", "If that doesn't work you can do a quick soak in chlorine bleach (click the link to read the article for more details, including the correct dilution of the bleach to water ratio). However, you shouldn't soak for more than 15-20 minutes, since bleach can be tough on fabric.", "Further, you should only soak colored items in chlorine bleach after testing for colorfastness (click the link for instructions on how to do this when using chlorine bleach), otherwise you may again bleach away all the color on the fabric, not just of the dye that bled.", "Therefore, here are my tips for how to keep your clothes the proper color while washing them, so you don't have to resort to removing dye from the now off-color garment.", "When a manufacturer has used dyes that are likely to bleed they are required to warn you on the care label to wash such items separately from others.", "Therefore, if you see labels that indicate an item isn't colorfast, such as with terms such as \"wash separately\" or \"wash with like colors\" then make sure you follow the instructions. After all, dye cannot transfer from one fabric to something else if you don't wash the items together.", "As you wash clothes, always keep in the back of your mind that certain types of fabric tend to be known for dye transfer and should be laundered with care.", "For example, the first couple times you wash towels, especially those with bright or dark colors, you should wash them separately from other fabrics so they can bleed off any excess dye. After a few washes quality towels will not transfer or bleed any more dye.", "Blue jeans are also known for their fading colors, which are actually typically desired. That is why many blue jeans are dyed with indigo since with time it does fade, giving a faded look. The flip side to this is that you should not wash jeans, especially in the first few washes, with anything lighter in color where the dye can transfer to other fabrics.", "Finally, I have personally noticed that many swimsuits tend to bleed colors. I'm not sure if these types of fabrics just don't hold dye well, or what, but I've had more dye transfer incidents with wet swimsuits laying on a towel or other items than anything else.", "If you'd like some additional guidance for how to do this, click here to read my article on how to sort laundry.", "Finally, here are some terms and definitions that are useful for you to known when discussing this or color or dyes running or bleeding.", "\"Bleeding\" - when dye in a fabric is removed, typically while in the wash or otherwise wet, and then the dye redeposits onto another item of clothing.", "Hope these instructions help you know what to do to both prevent a dye transfer from occurring, or how to fix bleeding colors if it accidentally does happen while doing your laundry.", "Hi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience with house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other messy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.", "I update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes, reviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various cleaners, removers and laundry supplies.", "I'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter you will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can reference as needed.", "There are affiliate links on this page, and if you purchase a product through them I receive a small commission. Purchasing through my links costs you nothing extra, but helps support the free information provided on this site and my family. To learn more please see my product review disclosure statement.", "CAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is provided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just won't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm your item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive call a professional. See disclaimer of liability for more information." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Fix A Dye Transfer Or Bleeding Dye Laundry Mishap\n\n * House Cleaning |\n * Laundry |\n * Stains |\n * Homemade Cleaners |\n * Spring Cleaning |\n * Free Stain Removal Chart |\n * Contact Me\n\n# How To Fix A Dye Transfer Or Bleeding Dye Laundry Mishap\n\nIf you've ever washed a red sock with white clothes you've seen the result of\ndye transfer or bleeding dye on your laundry when everything turned pink. Here\nare tips for how to fix it, and prevent color runs from happening again.\n\n### How To Fix Bleeding Dye Laundry Mishaps Once They Occur\n\nIf you wash some items together in the washing machine, or lay a wet piece of\nfabric on something else, and you see a transfer of dye from one piece of\nfabric to another, the first rule to remember is, do not dry the fabric in the\ndryer.\n\nThe heat from the dryer may set the dye, making the transfer permanent, so let\nthe item air dry if you don't have time to deal with it right away.\n\nOnce you are ready to deal with the problem, what you do next depends on\nwhether the article that had the color run onto it was white, or another\ncolor.\n\n#### What To Do When Color Has Run Onto White Fabric\n\nIt seems that color runs onto white fabrics more than onto colored fabrics.\nThis is somewhat of an illusion, since the dye transfer is generally about the\nsame, it is just that you notice it a whole lot more with white cloth because\nthere's no other dye to hide the bleeding.\n\nFortunately, there are a couple of products designed specifically to remove\ndye or color runs from white fabric. They are called by a variety of names\nsuch as dye remover, color remover, or color run remover.\n\nI've collected color remover reviews here, for various products they've used\nwhen readers have experienced this problem (on either white or colored\nfabrics), sharing how various products worked for them.\n\nThe products that are the most well known, and that I recommend for use on\nwhite clothes are Rit Color Remover and Carbona Color Run Remover (see below\nfor where you can purchase these online).\n\nBoth of these products are designed to be used only with white fabric, since\nthey both strip away not only any colors that have run, but also any dyes\nalready in the fabric.\n\nIf you don't want to buy a product to try to remove this dye run, you can also\ntry some of the techniques I suggest below for colored fabrics on your white\nfabrics.\n\n#### What To Do When Dye Has Transferred Onto Colored Fabric\n\nIt is much more difficult to remove bleeding dye from colored fabric, since\nthere are not really any products designed to help with this problem.\n\nFortunately, if the dye bled in the first place it will often lift off the\nitem it transferred to also, sometimes on its own with a couple more washes,\ntypically in really hot water with a strong laundry detergent.\n\nIf you feel like it may bleed more during the process of trying to wash out\nthe original transferred dye some people have had good luck with using a color\ncatcher while washing in this way to catch the dye that bleeds before it\nredeposits onto the fabric again (here's an example if you're interested).\n\nAnother option to try is a presoak in an oxygen or color safe bleach, perhaps\novernight.\n\nIf that doesn't work you can do a quick soak in chlorine bleach (click the\nlink to read the article for more details, including the correct dilution of\nthe bleach to water ratio). However, you shouldn't soak for more than 15-20\nminutes, since bleach can be tough on fabric.\n\nFurther, you should only soak colored items in chlorine bleach after testing\nfor colorfastness (click the link for instructions on how to do this when\nusing chlorine bleach), otherwise you may again bleach away all the color on\nthe fabric, not just of the dye that bled.\n\n### Tips For Preventing Dye Transfer And Bleeding Dye For The Future\n\nOf course, it's better to prevent dye transfer from happening than to have to\nfix it afterward.\n\nTherefore, here are my tips for how to keep your clothes the proper color\nwhile washing them, so you don't have to resort to removing dye from the now\noff-color garment.\n\n#### Prevention Tip 1: Read Fabric Care Labels\n\nWhen a manufacturer has used dyes that are likely to bleed they are required\nto warn you on the care label to wash such items separately from others.\n\nTherefore, if you see labels that indicate an item isn't colorfast, such as\nwith terms such as \"wash separately\" or \"wash with like colors\" then make sure\nyou follow the instructions. After all, dye cannot transfer from one fabric to\nsomething else if you don't wash the items together.\n\n#### Prevention Tip 2: Keep In Mind The Types Of Fabrics Known For Dye\nTransfer\n\nAs you wash clothes, always keep in the back of your mind that certain types\nof fabric tend to be known for dye transfer and should be laundered with care.\n\nFor example, the first couple times you wash towels, especially those with\nbright or dark colors, you should wash them separately from other fabrics so\nthey can bleed off any excess dye. After a few washes quality towels will not\ntransfer or bleed any more dye.\n\nBlue jeans are also known for their fading colors, which are actually\ntypically desired. That is why many blue jeans are dyed with indigo since with\ntime it does fade, giving a faded look. The flip side to this is that you\nshould not wash jeans, especially in the first few washes, with anything\nlighter in color where the dye can transfer to other fabrics.\n\nFinally, I have personally noticed that many swimsuits tend to bleed colors.\nI'm not sure if these types of fabrics just don't hold dye well, or what, but\nI've had more dye transfer incidents with wet swimsuits laying on a towel or\nother items than anything else.\n\n#### Prevention Tip 3: Sort Your Laundry Properly\n\nMy third tip to prevent bleeding colors is to properly sort your laundry.\n\nIf you'd like some additional guidance for how to do this, click here to read\nmy article on how to sort laundry.\n\n### Definitions And Terms To Know\n\nFinally, here are some terms and definitions that are useful for you to known\nwhen discussing this or color or dyes running or bleeding.\n\n\"Bleeding\" - when dye in a fabric is removed, typically while in the wash or\notherwise wet, and then the dye redeposits onto another item of clothing.\n\n\"Crock\" - fabric transfers color to another surface when rubbed against it.\n\n\"Frost\" - when fabric shows areas where the color has been rubbed off by\nabrasion.\n\nHope these instructions help you know what to do to both prevent a dye\ntransfer from occurring, or how to fix bleeding colors if it accidentally does\nhappen while doing your laundry.\n\nTop photo courtesy of a reader, Melissa\n\n#### Thanks For Visiting My Website: Grab Your Free Gift!\n\nHi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience\nwith house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other\nmessy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.\n\n[Get your free chart here]\n\nI update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes,\nreviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various\ncleaners, removers and laundry supplies.\n\nI'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter\nyou will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can\nreference as needed.\n\nI hope you enjoy this gift, and stop by again soon!\n\n### Share Your Comments, Tips & Ideas\n\n#### Related Pages You May Enjoy\n\nLaundry Tips & Tricks For Busy Moms\n\nA-Z Guide: Instructions For Over 100 Types Of Stains\n\nFabric Care Guide\n\nGo From How To Fix A Dye Transfer Or Bleeding Dye Laundry Mishap To Home Page\n\nThere are affiliate links on this page, and if you purchase a product through\nthem I receive a small commission. Purchasing through my links costs you\nnothing extra, but helps support the free information provided on this site\nand my family. To learn more please see my product review disclosure\nstatement.\n\nCAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is\nprovided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just\nwon't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm\nyour item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive\ncall a professional. See disclaimer of liability for more information.\n\n### Home & What's New\n\n * Home Page\n * Busy Mom's Blog\n\n### Stain Removal Basics\n\n * {A-Z} Stain Guide\n * Techniques & Rules\n * Ask For Stain Help\n * Stain Tips From Readers\n\n### Remove Stains By Surface\n\n * Clean Upholstery\n\n### Stain Removal Supplies & Equipment\n\n * Recommended Removers\n * {A-M} Remover Reviews\n * {N-Z} Remover Reviews\n * Essential Equipment\n\n### Laundry Tips\n\n * Laundry Guide\n * Fabric Care Guide\n\n### Laundry Supplies & Equipment\n\n * Laundry Supplies Reviews\n * {A-M} Detergent Reviews\n * {N-Z} Detergent Reviews\n * Detergent Facts & Info\n\n### House Cleaning Tips\n\n * How To Clean Anything\n * 31 Days Of Spring Cleaning\n * Cleaning Tips From Readers\n\n### Homemade Cleaners\n\n * Cleaning Products Recipes\n * Recipes From Readers\n\n### Cleaning Supplies & Equipment\n\n * {A-H} Product Reviews\n * {I-Q} Product Reviews\n * {R-Z} Product Reviews\n * Green Cleaners Reviews\n * Earth Friendly Brands\n * Equipment & Tools Reviews\n\n### Household Hints\n\n * Household Remedies\n * Household Hints From Readers\n\n### Resources\n\n * Free Housekeeping Checklist E-Book\n * Search This Site\n\n### Stay In Touch\n\n * Out Darn Spot! Newsletter\n * Contact Me\n\n### Popular Laundry How To's\n\nHow Often To Wash Everything {With Printable}\n\nPrevent Fading Colors\n\nPresoaking For Stain Removal\n\nFix Bleeding Dyes Or Dye Transfer\n\nTest For Colorfastness\n\nSort Laundry\n\n#### Let's Stay Connected!\n\nGet Free Email Updates (and get a FREE printable)\n\n### Related Pages\n\nDetergent Reviews & Information\n\nLaundry Products Reviews\n\nSpot Remover Reviews\n\nWashing Detergent Guide\n\nAsk Me Your Questions\n\nVisit Household Management 101\n\nVisit Home Storage Solutions 101\n\n * Disclaimer of Liability |\n * Disclosure |\n * Privacy Policy |\n * Product Review Disclosure |\n * Advertising |\n * Share This Site\n\nCopyright © 2009-2021 - Flanery Companies, LLC - All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://retrohousewifegoesgreen.com/make-your-own-color-safe-bleach/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211010100111/https://retrohousewifegoesgreen.com/make-your-own-color-safe-bleach/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Make Color Safe Bleach", "passages": [ "This post may contain affiliate links and as an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Click here for full disclosure and privacy policy.", "Looking for a natural color safe bleach option? Homemade color safe bleach works great and only contains two ingredients. Learn how to make color safe bleach.", "I’m not a fan of bleach. I use it very rarely and only when nothing else will work. It’s not great for us or the environment. However, I still want my clothes to look nice and stain free.", "There are some non-chlorine bleach options out there that are natural but it’s also very easy and cheap to make your own color safe bleach. You likely already have the ingredients sitting around the house.", "All it takes is water and hydrogen peroxide. I even reused a vinegar bottle I already had to store in so that made it extremely cheap. Even if you need to buy a container it’s a really affordable option.", "You can even make it scented if you’d like with a few drops of essential oils. I just leave mine as is but it can be fun to play with scents.", "You can add a cup to your wash or for stains it’s a good idea to soak the items for awhile first. I find that line drying the items in the sun helps whiten and remove stains even better.", "Soak items in solution for 10 to 30 minutes. If it’s a small stain you can just use enough for that stain or if it’s the whole item I usually add a cup to enough water to soak the item.", "This is one of the first homemade cleaners I started making. At that time I was trying to switch to more natural cleaning products and I was struggling to find a natural, bleach alternative. This solution is what I found that worked well and was very safe. I’ve been using it ever since.", "That would have been helpful! I’m sorry about that. I use about a cup if I’m using it for a load. If spot treating I just put whatever I need for the spot.", "Can we use it for disinfecting our cloths against novel Coronovirus? If yes, What formulation will work to disinfect coloured cloths with this colour safe bleach formulation of Hydrogen Peroxide and water.", "The CDC says normal washing and drying kills COVID-19 so it’s not something you really need to do but hydrogen peroxide is approved for disinfecting COVID-19 but it would need to be at a higher concentration than this. You can also boil dishcloths to disinfect them. This is a really great way to get them very clean and remove odors. It will also kill COVID-19.", "Great advise and its very helpful to me a lot. I used to make bleach but many people ask make to make for them the color bleach which i had no idea", "Welcome to my blog! My name is Lisa and I'm the Retro Housewife trying to live a greener life. I share my love of all things vintage, homemaking and green living here on the blog. To read more, click here." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Make Color Safe Bleach - Retro Housewife Goes Green\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\n# How to Make Color Safe Bleach\n\nMay 23, 2018 By Lisa Sharp 9 Comments\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links and as an Amazon Associate I earn from\nqualifying purchases. Click here for full disclosure and privacy policy.\n\nLooking for a natural color safe bleach option? Homemade color safe bleach\nworks great and only contains two ingredients. Learn how to make color safe\nbleach.\n\nI’m not a fan of bleach. I use it very rarely and only when nothing else will\nwork. It’s not great for us or the environment. However, I still want my\nclothes to look nice and stain free.\n\nThere are some non-chlorine bleach options out there that are natural but it’s\nalso very easy and cheap to make your own color safe bleach. You likely\nalready have the ingredients sitting around the house.\n\nAll it takes is water and hydrogen peroxide. I even reused a vinegar bottle I\nalready had to store in so that made it extremely cheap. Even if you need to\nbuy a container it’s a really affordable option.\n\nYou can even make it scented if you’d like with a few drops of essential oils.\nI just leave mine as is but it can be fun to play with scents.\n\nYou can add a cup to your wash or for stains it’s a good idea to soak the\nitems for awhile first. I find that line drying the items in the sun helps\nwhiten and remove stains even better.\n\n## How to Make Color Safe Bleach\n\nIngredients\n\n * 1 cup hydrogen peroxide\n * water\n * optional: essential oils\n\nDirections\n\n 1. Pour the hydrogen peroxide into a clean half-gallon jug.\n 2. Fill the rest with water.\n 3. If you’d like it to be scented add a few drops of your favorite essential oils.\n 4. Shake well.\n\nTo Use\n\n * Soak items in solution for 10 to 30 minutes. If it’s a small stain you can just use enough for that stain or if it’s the whole item I usually add a cup to enough water to soak the item.\n * Wash like normal.\n\nThis is one of the first homemade cleaners I started making. At that time I\nwas trying to switch to more natural cleaning products and I was struggling to\nfind a natural, bleach alternative. This solution is what I found that worked\nwell and was very safe. I’ve been using it ever since.\n\nIf you want more cleaning tips like this, be sure to sign up below for my\nmailing list.\n\nFiled Under: Cleaning, Crafting, Homemaking\n\nPrevious Post: « Ways to Use Essential Oils Around Your Home\n\nNext Post: The Benefits of Using Artificial Plants »\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Terri Welty\n\nAugust 27, 2018 at 10:14 am\n\nWould love to be on the mailing list\n\nReply\n\n * Lisa Sharp\n\nAugust 27, 2018 at 10:26 am\n\nYou can sign up above or here- https://retrohousewifegoesgreen.com/newsletter/\n\nReply\n\n 2. Tammy\n\nJanuary 20, 2019 at 7:03 pm\n\nHow much of this do you use in a load of laundry?\n\nReply\n\n * Lisa Sharp\n\nJanuary 20, 2019 at 9:18 pm\n\nThat would have been helpful! I’m sorry about that. I use about a cup if I’m\nusing it for a load. If spot treating I just put whatever I need for the spot.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Paul\n\nJuly 23, 2020 at 11:19 am\n\nDoesn’t work.\n\nReply\n\n * Lisa Sharp\n\nJuly 23, 2020 at 1:29 pm\n\nWhat are you trying to use it on? Some stains need different treatments and\nsome need pre-treatment.\n\nReply\n\n 4. MAHENDRA\n\nAugust 22, 2020 at 11:17 am\n\nCan we use it for disinfecting our cloths against novel Coronovirus? If yes,\nWhat formulation will work to disinfect coloured cloths with this colour safe\nbleach formulation of Hydrogen Peroxide and water.\n\nReply\n\n * Lisa Sharp\n\nAugust 24, 2020 at 2:18 pm\n\nThe CDC says normal washing and drying kills COVID-19 so it’s not something\nyou really need to do but hydrogen peroxide is approved for disinfecting\nCOVID-19 but it would need to be at a higher concentration than this. You can\nalso boil dishcloths to disinfect them. This is a really great way to get them\nvery clean and remove odors. It will also kill COVID-19.\n\nReply\n\n 5. James wepukhulu\n\nMay 18, 2021 at 1:27 pm\n\nGreat advise and its very helpful to me a lot. I used to make bleach but many\npeople ask make to make for them the color bleach which i had no idea\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\nWelcome to my blog! My name is Lisa and I'm the Retro Housewife trying to live\na greener life. I share my love of all things vintage, homemaking and green\nliving here on the blog. To read more, click here.\n\n## Footer\n\nAbout | Privacy Policy | Contact Me\n\nCopyright © 2021 Retro Housewife Goes Green on the Foodie Pro Theme\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://ndipat.org:80/blog/never-forget-to-switch-over-your-laundry-again/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171106043016/http://ndipat.org:80/blog/never-forget-to-switch-over-your-laundry-again/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Never Forget to Switch Over Your Laundry Again! – ND Assistive", "passages": [ "Laundry: one of life’s mundane inevitables that at some point we all must tackle. If you are one of the few lucky people, you may have found a roommate or partner who loves doing laundry, making it a nonissue. However, if you live alone or, if you are like me, you are the partner who does the laundry and have probably experienced the following:", "You joyfully start the washing machine with every intention of returning when the end-of-cycle bell chimes to switch the now freshly cleaned laundry over to the dryer. With all good intentions intact, reality strikes! Distractions pile-up, life happens, and three days later when there are no more clean pants to choose from you open up your washing machine to find dry, but stinky laundry compacted at the bottom of the machine. Whoops!", "After years of repeating this scenario over and over again, the purchase of a new home forced me to rethink the way I do laundry to avoid the washing machine stink. I wanted to find an effiecient way to remind myself to switch the laundry from the washing machine over to the dryer. The less time I spent worrying about laundry the better.", "Keep in mind there are smart washers and dryers that send notifications when a washing or drying cycle has ended. There are also a lot of really amazing DIY solutions that turn any washer and dryer into a smart washer and dryer. I did not include either of those solutions in the list below because I wanted to explore alternative options that were efficient, readily available, and included some sort of customer support.", "This little gadget sends users a notification to their smartphone when the washing machine ends it’s cycle. It works by sending a notification once the washer stops vibrating. It is part of Samsung’s family of smarthome technology. Learn more here.", "That’s right, a simple piece of twine is all that is needed for this solution – just kidding. Twine is an ingenious little device built with a wireless sensor block that is integrated with a cloud-based service. The durable, rubbery block has Wi-Fi, on-board temperature and orientation sensors, and an expansion connector for other sensors. Like the SmartSense Multi Sensor, Twine detects when the washing machine cycle ends through monitoring its vibration. When the end of the cycle is detected, Twine sends out a notification. Check out this blog post detailing how one person set-up their Twine to send a tweet once the washing machine cycle ended.", "SmartSense and Twine let users know when the washing machine cycle is over, but they do not do one important thing – switch the laundry over to the dryer. The LG WM3997HWA is a washer and dryer all-in-one combo. Users simply put their laundry in, start the machine, and when its finished the laundry is both washed and dried. This type of technology is not new, in fact, these washer/dryer combos are very popular in Europe because of their space saving design. Washer/dryer combos are great for people with memory issues, those with physical disabilities, and everyone in between.", "The drying systems on washer/dryer combos are unique in that they utilize a condensation-based drying system, so a dryer vent or lint trap is not necessary. The lint accumulates on the dryer’s door seal, so after every cycle the seal needs to be wiped off and the lint thrown in the trash. This could even prevent a fire, and would be especially helpful for those people who might forget to clean out the lint trap.", "After owning this machine, I love putting a load of laundry in at night before I go to bed and waking up to clean dry laundry. I no longer have to worry about forgetting to switch laundry over, preventing stinky washing machine loads, wasted time, and large piles of dirty laundry.", "A while back, I was working with a family looking to remodel the bathroom/laundry area they had earlier created for their mother by converting an existing garage. Sadly, as her arthritis...", "Yup, we have you on speed dial! You are THAT good at raising funds for people in need of assistive technology (AT). To date you have raised over $68,000, and because of that, 55 people in 25 counties...", "We have recommended call button pagers such as the Caregiver Call Pager and the Wireless Personal Pager for people with disabilities to notify their caregivers within the same household for years....", "I will never forget, about 15 years ago, hearing the following from a teary- eyed consumer, \"If I had only known about this locked medication dispenser, I never would have put my dad into...", "Mandan 2401 46th Avenue, SE, Suite 203 Mandan, ND 58554 (701) 258-4728 Local (701) 258-7474 FAX 1-800-895-4728 Toll-free Contact Us" ] }, "parsed_md": "Never Forget to Switch Over Your Laundry Again! – ND Assistive | Assistive\nTechnology Blog\n\n## 1-800-895-4728\n\n# North Dakota Assistive\n\n# ND Assistive | Assistive Technology Blog\n\nBy Trish Floyd\n\nJune 9, 2016\n\n# Never Forget to Switch Over Your Laundry Again!\n\nLaundry: one of life’s mundane inevitables that at some point we all must\ntackle. If you are one of the few lucky people, you may have found a roommate\nor partner who loves doing laundry, making it a nonissue. However, if you live\nalone or, if you are like me, you are the partner who does the laundry and\nhave probably experienced the following:\n\nYou joyfully start the washing machine with every intention of returning when\nthe end-of-cycle bell chimes to switch the now freshly cleaned laundry over to\nthe dryer. With all good intentions intact, reality strikes! Distractions\npile-up, life happens, and three days later when there are no more clean pants\nto choose from you open up your washing machine to find dry, but stinky\nlaundry compacted at the bottom of the machine. Whoops!\n\nAfter years of repeating this scenario over and over again, the purchase of a\nnew home forced me to rethink the way I do laundry to avoid the washing\nmachine stink. I wanted to find an effiecient way to remind myself to switch\nthe laundry from the washing machine over to the dryer. The less time I spent\nworrying about laundry the better.\n\n#### MY TOP 3 FAVORITE LAUNDRY REMINDER SOLUTIONS\n\nKeep in mind there are smart washers and dryers that send notifications when a\nwashing or drying cycle has ended. There are also a lot of really amazing DIY\nsolutions that turn any washer and dryer into a smart washer and dryer. I did\nnot include either of those solutions in the list below because I wanted to\nexplore alternative options that were efficient, readily available, and\nincluded some sort of customer support.\n\n1\\. SmartSense Multi Sensor\n\nThis little gadget sends users a notification to their smartphone when the\nwashing machine ends it’s cycle. It works by sending a notification once the\nwasher stops vibrating. It is part of Samsung’s family of smarthome\ntechnology. Learn more here.\n\n2\\. Twine\n\nThat’s right, a simple piece of twine is all that is needed for this solution\n– just kidding. Twine is an ingenious little device built with a wireless\nsensor block that is integrated with a cloud-based service. The durable,\nrubbery block has Wi-Fi, on-board temperature and orientation sensors, and an\nexpansion connector for other sensors. Like the SmartSense Multi Sensor, Twine\ndetects when the washing machine cycle ends through monitoring its vibration.\nWhen the end of the cycle is detected, Twine sends out a notification. Check\nout this blog post detailing how one person set-up their Twine to send a tweet\nonce the washing machine cycle ended.\n\n3\\. MY SOLUTION! LG WM3997HWA 4.3 Cu. Ft. White With Steam Cycle Electric\nWasher/Dryer Combo\n\nSmartSense and Twine let users know when the washing machine cycle is over,\nbut they do not do one important thing – switch the laundry over to the dryer.\nThe LG WM3997HWA is a washer and dryer all-in-one combo. Users simply put\ntheir laundry in, start the machine, and when its finished the laundry is both\nwashed and dried. This type of technology is not new, in fact, these\nwasher/dryer combos are very popular in Europe because of their space saving\ndesign. Washer/dryer combos are great for people with memory issues, those\nwith physical disabilities, and everyone in between.\n\nThe drying systems on washer/dryer combos are unique in that they utilize a\ncondensation-based drying system, so a dryer vent or lint trap is not\nnecessary. The lint accumulates on the dryer’s door seal, so after every cycle\nthe seal needs to be wiped off and the lint thrown in the trash. This could\neven prevent a fire, and would be especially helpful for those people who\nmight forget to clean out the lint trap.\n\nAfter owning this machine, I love putting a load of laundry in at night before\nI go to bed and waking up to clean dry laundry. I no longer have to worry\nabout forgetting to switch laundry over, preventing stinky washing machine\nloads, wasted time, and large piles of dirty laundry.\n\nThere she is! Isn’t she a beaut’?\n\n### Share:\n\n * Email\n * Print\n\n## Further Reading\n\nSteps Made Easy – No Need to Remodel!\n\nA while back, I was working with a family looking to remodel the\nbathroom/laundry area they had earlier created for their mother by converting\nan existing garage. Sadly, as her arthritis...\n\nHey, Bike Teams..... your IPAT Fundraiser is calling!\n\nYup, we have you on speed dial! You are THAT good at raising funds for people\nin need of assistive technology (AT). To date you have raised over $68,000,\nand because of that, 55 people in 25 counties...\n\nDid You Get That? Two-Way Call Button Pagers for Piece of Mind\n\nWe have recommended call button pagers such as the Caregiver Call Pager and\nthe Wireless Personal Pager for people with disabilities to notify their\ncaregivers within the same household for years....\n\nAssistive Technology: Know About It Before You Need It!\n\nI will never forget, about 15 years ago, hearing the following from a teary-\neyed consumer, \"If I had only known about this locked medication dispenser, I\nnever would have put my dad into...\n\n### Leave a Reply\n\n#### Categories\n\n * AT Anecdotes\n * AT Equipment\n\n * Communication\n * Computer Access\n * Hearing\n * Home Safety\n * Learning\n * Vision\n * AT Funding\n * Color blindness\n * Colorblindness\n * glasses\n * IPAT General\n * News\n * Staying At Home\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * A Night of Possibilities was a Success!\n * Amazon Echo: Make a Call\n * Stay Focused & Grow a Forest with this App!\n * Halloween Fun for Everyone!\n * Accessibility Features on Dish Network – TV Watching Made Easier\n * The Homer Player: an audio-book player designed for the elderly and great for everyone!\n * Belkin Takes the Stage: Two Tablet Stands for Scanning Docs and More!\n * North Dakota Talent Producing AT Solutions\n * Be My Eyes For a Minute!\n * Windows Ease of Access Center Makes it Easier to Focus on Tasks\n\n * ND Assistive Core Services\n * ### Technology Demo\n\nHands-on exploration with assistive technology devices.\n\n * ### Funding Help\n\nHelp towards the purchase and use of assistive technology.\n\n * ### Equipment Rental\n\nShort term use of devices at a low cost.\n\n * ### Equipment Exchange\n\nAn online classified ad listing for equipment to buy or sell.\n\n * Computer Access\n * Hearing\n * Vision\n * Learning\n * Communication\n * Home Safety\n\n * About Us\n * Possibility Fund\n * Services\n * Funding\n * Blog\n * Contact Us\n\n### Have a question? Ask us.\n\nFargo 3240-15th Street South, Suite B Fargo, ND 58104 (701) 365-4728 Local\n(701) 365-6242 FAX 1-800-895-4728 Toll-free Contact Us\n\nMandan 2401 46th Avenue, SE, Suite 203 Mandan, ND 58554 (701) 258-4728 Local\n(701) 258-7474 FAX 1-800-895-4728 Toll-free Contact Us\n\n© 2012, North Dakota Assistive. Site by Agency MABU. Built on TodayCMS.\nDownload Adobe Reader\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a16116/stains-dye-red-may07/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210705034928/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a16116/stains-dye-red-may07/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Remove Red Dye Stains", "passages": [ "Dye transfer occurs when colors run in the wash or during drying, or when an item that has been overdyed rubs against another.", "1. If chlorine bleach is safe for the fabric, mix a solution of 1/4 cup of chlorine bleach per gallon of cool water and soak for 30 minutes.", "1. Mix four gallons of the hottest water that's safe for the fabric with one packet of Carbona Color Run Remover. Be sure the remover is fully dissolved. (This product works on color from one item that's stained another - not when something like stripes bleeds onto itself.)", "1. Mix one teaspoon of liquid hand dishwashing detergent and one tablespoon of ammonia (Caution: Never mix chlorine bleach and ammonia - the resulting fumes are hazardous) with two cups of cool water.", "5. If the stain remains, mix one tablespoon of liquid hand dishwashing detergent and one tablespoon of white vinegar with two cups of cool water.", "1. Mix one teaspoon of liquid hand dishwashing detergent and one tablespoon of ammonia with two cups of warm water.", "5. If the stain remains, mix one tablespoon of liquid hand dishwashing detergent and one tablespoon of white vinegar with two cups of warm water.", "This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io", "A Part of Hearst Digital Media Good Housekeeping participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "Red Dye Stain Removal - How to Remove Red Dye Stains\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\n14 Flattering Swimsuits for Every Body Type\n\n2\n\nHow to Clean Your Laptop Screen the Right Way\n\n3\n\nGood Housekeeping con Wilmer Valderrama\n\n4\n\n52 Picnic Food Ideas That Make Outdoor Eating Easy\n\n5\n\n40 Iconic Antiques and What They're Worth Now\n\nWe may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products\nwe back. Why trust us?\n\n# Stain Buster — Dye, Red\n\nApr 6, 2007\n\nGetty Images\n\nDye transfer occurs when colors run in the wash or during drying, or when an\nitem that has been overdyed rubs against another.\n\nWhite Fabric Only\n\n1\\. If chlorine bleach is safe for the fabric, mix a solution of 1/4 cup of\nchlorine bleach per gallon of cool water and soak for 30 minutes.\n\n2\\. Rinse, and then launder.\n\nWhite or Colorfast Fabric\n\n1\\. Mix four gallons of the hottest water that's safe for the fabric with one\npacket of Carbona Color Run Remover. Be sure the remover is fully dissolved.\n(This product works on color from one item that's stained another - not when\nsomething like stripes bleeds onto itself.)\n\n2\\. Add the dye-stained item and soak, stirring occasionally, until unwanted\ncolor is removed.\n\n3\\. Rinse thoroughly in warm water.\n\n4\\. For stubborn dyes, repeat Steps 1 to 3.\n\n5\\. Launder.\n\nUpholstery\n\n1\\. Mix one teaspoon of liquid hand dishwashing detergent and one tablespoon\nof ammonia (Caution: Never mix chlorine bleach and ammonia - the resulting\nfumes are hazardous) with two cups of cool water.\n\n2\\. Using a clean white cloth, sponge the stain with the detergent/ammonia\nsolution.\n\n3\\. Blot until the liquid is absorbed.\n\n4\\. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 until the stain disappears or is no longer absorbed\ninto the cloth.\n\n5\\. If the stain remains, mix one tablespoon of liquid hand dishwashing\ndetergent and one tablespoon of white vinegar with two cups of cool water.\n\n6\\. Sponge the stain with the detergent/vinegar solution.\n\n7\\. Blot until the liquid is absorbed.\n\n8\\. Repeat Steps 6 and 7 until the stain disappears or is no longer absorbed\ninto the cloth.\n\n9\\. Sponge the stain with rubbing alcohol.\n\n10\\. Blot until the liquid is absorbed.\n\n11\\. Sponge with cold water and blot dry.\n\nCarpet\n\n1\\. Mix one teaspoon of liquid hand dishwashing detergent and one tablespoon\nof ammonia with two cups of warm water.\n\n2\\. Using a clean white cloth, sponge the stain with the detergent/ammonia\nsolution.\n\n3\\. Blot until the liquid is absorbed.\n\n4\\. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 until the stain disappears or is no longer absorbed\ninto the cloth.\n\n5\\. If the stain remains, mix one tablespoon of liquid hand dishwashing\ndetergent and one tablespoon of white vinegar with two cups of warm water.\n\n6\\. Sponge the stain with the detergent/vinegar solution.\n\n7\\. Blot until the liquid is absorbed.\n\n8\\. Sponge the stain with rubbing alcohol.\n\n9\\. Blot until the liquid is absorbed.\n\n10\\. Sponge with cold water and blot dry.\n\nFor more on stain removal, see Good Housekeeping's Stain Rescue\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Stain Buster\n\nHow to Deep Clean a Mattress Yourself\n\nHow to Easily Remove Pen Ink From Clothes\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nHow to Get Grease Out of Clothes\n\nHow to Get Coffee Stains Out of Everything\n\nHow to Remove Red Wine Stains\n\nHow to Remove Sweat Stains From White Shirts\n\n8 Homemade Cleaners You Can Make Yourself\n\nHow to Make Your Microwave Look and Smell Like New\n\nThe Least Gross Way to Get Rid of Poop Stains\n\nHow to Take Mascara Stains Out of Anything\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give GH as a Gift\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Newsletter\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Work for Good Housekeeping\n * Media Kit\n * Advertise Online\n * Customer Service\n * Events & Promotions\n * Giveaways\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Good Housekeeping participates in various\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.today.com/news/solutions-laundry-list-washing-dilemmas-wbna23452369", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303122350/https://www.today.com/news/solutions-laundry-list-washing-dilemmas-wbna23452369", "parsed_text": { "title": "Solutions to a laundry list of washing dilemmas", "passages": [ "Need some help with your dirty work? Lifestyle expert Elizabeth Mayhew shares helpful advice on how to sort laundry, pretreat stains, avoid wrinkles, use proper machine settings and more.", "Face it — laundry is a fact of life. But like any household chore, dealing with it can lead to tremendous satisfaction — at least until it builds up again. Getting clothes really clean has less to do with the brand of cleaning agent you use — detergent, whiteners, stain treatments — than it does with following basic washing steps and precautions. Among the most important: sorting, pretreating stains, load size and using proper machine settings. Despite the dread that a huge load of laundry elicits, look on the bright side: Unlike other types of cleaning, the machines do most of the dirty work.", "Sort: Sort dirty clothes into piles of whites, darks and bright colors. If you mix whites with colors, the colors might bleed and permanently tint your whites. Also separate clothes that pill or produce lint, like towels, flannel and chenille. Be particularly careful of red clothing because it is known for losing its color and bleeding into other fabrics. Properly adjust pant legs and shirt arms, separate socks and turn them right-side-out, close zippers and empty all pockets.", "And what if a red article of clothing slipped by? The first thing you do when a red piece of clothing turns your whites baby pink is separate the whites and rewash them using one cup of white vinegar or nonchlorine bleach. Whatever you do, don’t put them in the dryer because the heat will set the stain.", "Pretreat: Pretreat stains with a stain remover or detergent. Wet stain with cold water, then spray stain remover. The sooner you treat a stain, the better. Let the solution work on the stain for at least 20 minutes.", "Add detergent: Add the right amount of detergent, following the manufacturer’s instructions, and take into account the type of machine you have, i.e., a top- loading or HE front-loading machine (HE washers require a specially formulated low-suds detergent because they use significantly less water).", "Look for concentrated detergents like Method’s, which are better for the environment: Every year more than 400 million gallons of water are wasted to dilute laundry detergents. More water means more plastic wasted on giant plastic bottles that eventually find their way to landfills.", "Set cycle: Choose the correct water temperature for the wash cycle: hot, warm or cold. In general, you want to wash colors and darks in cold water to prevent bleeding, fading and shrinking. You want to use warm or hot water for durable fabrics and whites.", "But, you need to know your washer. If you have an older top-loading machine, you will probably want to wash your clothes — no matter the color — on a warm cycle because detergents won’t work in water colder than 65 degrees. However, opting for a cold rinse cycle will save energy. Newer high-efficiency front- loading machines have automatic temperature controls that mix hot and cold water to 70 degrees for the cold setting, so your clothes are sure to get clean.", "If you have the option to control the spin cycle of your washer, then choose a slower spin to reduce wrinkles and prolong the life of your clothes. Set your load size, too: small, medium or large. This will determine how much water your machine will use. You need to have enough water so that the washing solution is able to circulate through the clothes to loosen and carry away soil. Newer machines have a built-in sensor that measures the size of a load and then adds just the right amount of water.", "Start: It's best to start your washer before you add your clothes so that the detergent has a chance to dissolve in the water. If you are adding bleach, you should let the machine run for a few minutes before doing so and wait until the washer is half full with water before adding clothes.", "Load: Don’t overload your washer. Sometimes it’s tempting to stuff as much as possible into the washer, thinking that you are saving time and water, but overfilling is not good for your clothes or your washer. Clothes get clean only when there is enough room for them to agitate during the wash cycle. A full load of laundry depends on the capacity of your machine.", "Typically a small-capacity top loader can hold 6 pounds of laundry, a medium- capacity top loader can hold 7-8 pounds and a large-capacity top loader can handle 12-15 pounds. Front-loading machines hold usually as much as 18 pounds of laundry. Also, it is best to mix items of varying sizes because it allows clothing to move more easily in the washer, thus washing and rinsing better.", "Dry: Remove clothes from washer and transfer to the dryer. Make sure you remove any items that need to air dry. Also check items for stains. If a stain has not disappeared in washing, then treat the stain again and rewash, but do not dry; dry heat will permanently set a stain. Set the correct drying temperature: low for delicates, medium for most fabrics and high for cotton.", "To avoid wrinkles in clothes, choose the permanent-press setting, which has a cool-down time at the end of the cycle (the normal setting stays at one heat setting and stops when the time is up, trapping heat and setting wrinkles). Add an antistatic sheet if you wish. Before starting the dryer, check and clean the lint tray. Do not use fabric softeners or dryer sheets on your towels; they will coat the terry fibers with silicones that will in turn make your towels less absorbent.", "Fold: Remove clothes promptly from the dryer; if you smooth and fold clothes while they are still warm you will cut down on the need to iron them.", "Washing machinesTraditional washing machines are top-loading agitators; they work by completely submerging clothing in water, then the machine’s agitator moves the laundry back and forth to loosen soil.", "Newer HE (high efficiency) washers use a tumbling system instead of an agitator. These machines are more efficient because they use less water. HE machines require special low-sudsing, quick-dispersing detergents. Use of a regular detergent will create too many suds that can interfere with the washer’s ability to remove dirt and stains. Since excess suds are not easily rinsed away, they can also lead to residue buildup.", "How to keep whites whiteAlways inspect clothing for stains before washing. Pretreating stains as soon as possible is a must. The longer a stain sits, the greater the chance is that it sets, which not only causes discoloration, but also weakens the fabric. Always wet the stained area with cold water first, then spray it with a stain remover.", "Don’t wash whites with colors. The No. 1 cause of dinginess is bleeding from mixing colors with whites. The second main culprit is detergent residue, because it acts like a magnet for dirt. Make sure you add the correct amount of detergent; follow the directions on the back of your detergent bottle. Make sure you follow your machine’s instructions to ensure proper water levels and rinsing.", "Use the hottest temperature the fabric can withstand. The hotter the water, the more effective the detergent, but you must check garment labels first.", "Always check clothing for stains before drying. Drying a stained area will bake the stain into the fabric. If a stain does not go away after one washing, then treat it and wash it again and again until it’s gone.", "Try not to use chlorine bleach. Bleach breaks down optical brighteners (chemicals that are applied to white textiles that keep them looking white) and weakens the fibers. Over time bleach will leave whites looking gray or yellow. Look for detergents that have added optical brighteners; they will replace what is stripped off in washing.", "How to keep colors from fading Jeans, colored cotton T-shirts and wools are all infused with water-based dyes that wash away little by little with every wash. Synthetics such as polyester and nylon keep their color better, but more often than not call for dry-cleaning only. To keep your clothes from losing their color in the wash, take the following precautions:", "Sort clothes by color group to minimize possible color bleeding and sort clothes by texture and weight to keep coarse fabrics from chafing more delicate ones.", "Button all buttons, zip up zippers and turn colored garments inside out before washing.In general wash colors in cold water. Hot water opens up fibers, thereby releasing dyes.", "Don’t overstuff the dryer and select shorter drying cycles. Do not overdry — that will only dull colors and weaken the fibers.", "Colorfast testClothing labels sometimes claim that the garment is colorfast, which means that the dyes used in the fabric will not run when they are laundered. If a garment reads “dry-clean only,” but you want to see if you can wash it at home, then you need to test the fabric to see if it is colorfast.", "To do so, place the edge of the garment’s inner seam or hem on a dry paper towel. Saturate a small area with cold water and press down on the fabric. Check to see if any color bleeds onto the paper towel. If it doesn’t, then the garment can be washed; if it does, then the garment should be dry-cleaned." ] }, "parsed_md": "Solutions to a laundry list of washing dilemmas\n\nIE 11 is not supported. For an optimal experience visit our site on another\nbrowser.\n\nReal Simple Sleep Awards: 11 picks for a good night's rest\n\nNews\n\n# Solutions to a laundry list of washing dilemmas\n\nNeed some help with your dirty work? Lifestyle expert Elizabeth Mayhew shares\nhelpful advice on how to sort laundry, pretreat stains, avoid wrinkles, use\nproper machine settings and more.\n\nMarch 3, 2008, 8:35 PM UTC\n\n/ Source: TODAY contributor\n\nBy Elizabeth Mayhew\n\nFace it — laundry is a fact of life. But like any household chore, dealing\nwith it can lead to tremendous satisfaction — at least until it builds up\nagain. Getting clothes really clean has less to do with the brand of cleaning\nagent you use — detergent, whiteners, stain treatments — than it does with\nfollowing basic washing steps and precautions. Among the most important:\nsorting, pretreating stains, load size and using proper machine settings.\nDespite the dread that a huge load of laundry elicits, look on the bright\nside: Unlike other types of cleaning, the machines do most of the dirty work.\n\nBasic wash and dry Read: Always read labels and tags on clothing for washing\nand cleaning instructions.\n\nSort: Sort dirty clothes into piles of whites, darks and bright colors. If you\nmix whites with colors, the colors might bleed and permanently tint your\nwhites. Also separate clothes that pill or produce lint, like towels, flannel\nand chenille. Be particularly careful of red clothing because it is known for\nlosing its color and bleeding into other fabrics. Properly adjust pant legs\nand shirt arms, separate socks and turn them right-side-out, close zippers and\nempty all pockets.\n\nAnd what if a red article of clothing slipped by? The first thing you do when\na red piece of clothing turns your whites baby pink is separate the whites and\nrewash them using one cup of white vinegar or nonchlorine bleach. Whatever you\ndo, don’t put them in the dryer because the heat will set the stain.\n\nPretreat: Pretreat stains with a stain remover or detergent. Wet stain with\ncold water, then spray stain remover. The sooner you treat a stain, the\nbetter. Let the solution work on the stain for at least 20 minutes.\n\nAdd detergent: Add the right amount of detergent, following the manufacturer’s\ninstructions, and take into account the type of machine you have, i.e., a top-\nloading or HE front-loading machine (HE washers require a specially formulated\nlow-suds detergent because they use significantly less water).\n\nLook for concentrated detergents like Method’s, which are better for the\nenvironment: Every year more than 400 million gallons of water are wasted to\ndilute laundry detergents. More water means more plastic wasted on giant\nplastic bottles that eventually find their way to landfills.\n\nSet cycle: Choose the correct water temperature for the wash cycle: hot, warm\nor cold. In general, you want to wash colors and darks in cold water to\nprevent bleeding, fading and shrinking. You want to use warm or hot water for\ndurable fabrics and whites.\n\nBut, you need to know your washer. If you have an older top-loading machine,\nyou will probably want to wash your clothes — no matter the color — on a warm\ncycle because detergents won’t work in water colder than 65 degrees. However,\nopting for a cold rinse cycle will save energy. Newer high-efficiency front-\nloading machines have automatic temperature controls that mix hot and cold\nwater to 70 degrees for the cold setting, so your clothes are sure to get\nclean.\n\nIf you have the option to control the spin cycle of your washer, then choose a\nslower spin to reduce wrinkles and prolong the life of your clothes. Set your\nload size, too: small, medium or large. This will determine how much water\nyour machine will use. You need to have enough water so that the washing\nsolution is able to circulate through the clothes to loosen and carry away\nsoil. Newer machines have a built-in sensor that measures the size of a load\nand then adds just the right amount of water.\n\nStart: It's best to start your washer before you add your clothes so that the\ndetergent has a chance to dissolve in the water. If you are adding bleach, you\nshould let the machine run for a few minutes before doing so and wait until\nthe washer is half full with water before adding clothes.\n\nLoad: Don’t overload your washer. Sometimes it’s tempting to stuff as much as\npossible into the washer, thinking that you are saving time and water, but\noverfilling is not good for your clothes or your washer. Clothes get clean\nonly when there is enough room for them to agitate during the wash cycle. A\nfull load of laundry depends on the capacity of your machine.\n\nTypically a small-capacity top loader can hold 6 pounds of laundry, a medium-\ncapacity top loader can hold 7-8 pounds and a large-capacity top loader can\nhandle 12-15 pounds. Front-loading machines hold usually as much as 18 pounds\nof laundry. Also, it is best to mix items of varying sizes because it allows\nclothing to move more easily in the washer, thus washing and rinsing better.\n\nDry: Remove clothes from washer and transfer to the dryer. Make sure you\nremove any items that need to air dry. Also check items for stains. If a stain\nhas not disappeared in washing, then treat the stain again and rewash, but do\nnot dry; dry heat will permanently set a stain. Set the correct drying\ntemperature: low for delicates, medium for most fabrics and high for cotton.\n\nTo avoid wrinkles in clothes, choose the permanent-press setting, which has a\ncool-down time at the end of the cycle (the normal setting stays at one heat\nsetting and stops when the time is up, trapping heat and setting wrinkles).\nAdd an antistatic sheet if you wish. Before starting the dryer, check and\nclean the lint tray. Do not use fabric softeners or dryer sheets on your\ntowels; they will coat the terry fibers with silicones that will in turn make\nyour towels less absorbent.\n\nFold: Remove clothes promptly from the dryer; if you smooth and fold clothes\nwhile they are still warm you will cut down on the need to iron them.\n\nWashing machinesTraditional washing machines are top-loading agitators; they\nwork by completely submerging clothing in water, then the machine’s agitator\nmoves the laundry back and forth to loosen soil.\n\nNewer HE (high efficiency) washers use a tumbling system instead of an\nagitator. These machines are more efficient because they use less water. HE\nmachines require special low-sudsing, quick-dispersing detergents. Use of a\nregular detergent will create too many suds that can interfere with the\nwasher’s ability to remove dirt and stains. Since excess suds are not easily\nrinsed away, they can also lead to residue buildup.\n\nHow to keep whites whiteAlways inspect clothing for stains before washing.\nPretreating stains as soon as possible is a must. The longer a stain sits, the\ngreater the chance is that it sets, which not only causes discoloration, but\nalso weakens the fabric. Always wet the stained area with cold water first,\nthen spray it with a stain remover.\n\nDon’t wash whites with colors. The No. 1 cause of dinginess is bleeding from\nmixing colors with whites. The second main culprit is detergent residue,\nbecause it acts like a magnet for dirt. Make sure you add the correct amount\nof detergent; follow the directions on the back of your detergent bottle. Make\nsure you follow your machine’s instructions to ensure proper water levels and\nrinsing.\n\nUse the hottest temperature the fabric can withstand. The hotter the water,\nthe more effective the detergent, but you must check garment labels first.\n\nAlways check clothing for stains before drying. Drying a stained area will\nbake the stain into the fabric. If a stain does not go away after one washing,\nthen treat it and wash it again and again until it’s gone.\n\nTry not to use chlorine bleach. Bleach breaks down optical brighteners\n(chemicals that are applied to white textiles that keep them looking white)\nand weakens the fibers. Over time bleach will leave whites looking gray or\nyellow. Look for detergents that have added optical brighteners; they will\nreplace what is stripped off in washing.\n\nHow to keep colors from fading Jeans, colored cotton T-shirts and wools are\nall infused with water-based dyes that wash away little by little with every\nwash. Synthetics such as polyester and nylon keep their color better, but more\noften than not call for dry-cleaning only. To keep your clothes from losing\ntheir color in the wash, take the following precautions:\n\nSort clothes by color group to minimize possible color bleeding and sort\nclothes by texture and weight to keep coarse fabrics from chafing more\ndelicate ones.\n\nButton all buttons, zip up zippers and turn colored garments inside out before\nwashing.In general wash colors in cold water. Hot water opens up fibers,\nthereby releasing dyes.\n\nDon’t overstuff the dryer and select shorter drying cycles. Do not overdry —\nthat will only dull colors and weaken the fibers.\n\nColorfast testClothing labels sometimes claim that the garment is colorfast,\nwhich means that the dyes used in the fabric will not run when they are\nlaundered. If a garment reads “dry-clean only,” but you want to see if you can\nwash it at home, then you need to test the fabric to see if it is colorfast.\n\nTo do so, place the edge of the garment’s inner seam or hem on a dry paper\ntowel. Saturate a small area with cold water and press down on the fabric.\nCheck to see if any color bleeds onto the paper towel. If it doesn’t, then the\ngarment can be washed; if it does, then the garment should be dry-cleaned.\n\n© 2021 NBC UNIVERSAL\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://indian.ifas.ufl.edu:80/FCS/colorsbleedingnews.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171122140042/http://indian.ifas.ufl.edu:80/FCS/colorsbleedingnews.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Judith A", "passages": [ "It wasn't long ago that when we purchased new brightly-colored garments we soaked them in salt water to help set the dye. This does not work on modern fabric dyes. As a result, new garments should not be washed with other garments that dye transfer could damage.", "Unstable (non-colorfast) dyes and pigments used in dyes from one item \"bleed\" into the wash water and can be transferred to other garments causing an overall discoloration, or contact between the two items can result in blotchy stains. Dye sometimes come off on other items (i.e., undergarments). Some dyes are unstable in water, others are unstable in solvents (dry cleaning fluids). Some dyes are prone to color change when they come in contact with acidic or alkaline substance, including fruit juice, perspiration, soap, shampoo and toothpaste.", "Dye transfer can cause an overall discoloration, a blotchy or patterned stain on items of a different color or an overall darkening of the color of an item or a darkening in some areas. Colored garments with white collars can have the dye from the garment bleed and be absorbed by the white, especially if the collar is white nylon.", "Dye transfer stains may not necessarily be a color exactly like any color included in the wash load. Dyes are made up of numerous color pigments. One unstable pigment is all that is necessary to produce stains (i.e., a green garment could cause blue stains on another item; an orange garment could cause a yellow stain, Etc.).", "New garments are often \"over dyed\" to produce very bright colors. Wear and laundering remove the excess dye. Some denims are \"aged\" at the factory so they look well worn when you buy them.", "Some dye colors are more likely to be unstable than others. The most troublesome colors are bright reds, greens, blues, purples, pinks and black.", "Natural fiber fabrics (cotton, wool, silk) are more likely to lose dye than man-made fiber fabrics (polyester, nylon, acrylic). With our love for cool cotton clothing here in Florida, our bright colored cottons don't stay bright very long and navy garments can soon become faded.", "How can dye transfer and color loss be avoided? Check care label instructions carefully before buying. If the label specifies that the item should be washed separately, the dyes used are probably not colorfast. Avoid buying items that are not colorfast.", "Follow care labels. Manufacturers are required by law to provide care instructions. If these instructions are followed and unsatisfactory results are obtained, return the item to the manufacturer. Of course, they only have to provide the method that offers the most protection to the garment. If the label said \"dry clean only\" and you washed it, the company is not responsible.", "Sort laundry carefully. Launder white, colorfast and non-colorfast items separately. Do not overload the washer. Contact dye transfer is more likely to occur if the washer is overloaded.", "Do not allow wet items to sit either in the washer or clothes basket. Dye transfer may occur. Don't allow damp items to remain in contact with detergents or bleaches (avoid prolonged soaking).", "A cold water wash minimizes dye transfer in garments with unstable dyes. (Additional detergent is required in cold water for good cleaning results). There are new detergents on the market especially formulated for reducing color loss in dark garments. Read the labels.", "Can dye transfer stains be removed? This is very difficult or impossible. The sooner the item is treated, the better the chances of removing the stain. Treat the stain using one of the following methods. If the stain is not completely removed, treat again; do not dryer dry. Dryer heat can set stains. If the item can be bleached (chlorine or non-chlorine bleach) soak according to manufacturer's directions. Wash immediately after soaking. A color remover is the only other type of laundry additive that may remove dye transfer stains but you can only use it on all-white items. Color removers strip all color from fabrics. Soaking should be done in a container outside the washer. Use a plastic pan or pail.", "Can color loss due to unstable dyes be restored? No, once color has been removed there is no way to restore it.", "A new option is dye magnet laundry sheets. These sheets are fairly new on the market. They are reusable sheets embedded with millions of dye catchers. They act like magnets, grabbing and holding particles of dye or other foreign material in the wash water. This prevents colors from being transferred from one laundry item to another.", "Even laundry that's separated into colored, white and light loads can benefit from these magnet sheets, according to the Soap and Detergent Association. A color wash may contain many colors, including red, blue and green. Although these colors may minimally bleed, it will be enough to make colored clothes look old before their time. The magnets also collect \"grunge\" from the wash water so that whites come out whiter and colors come out brighter. As the sheet grabs a variety of dyes and water \"grunge\" it becomes dark.", "The dye magnet sheets can be used with any detergent or laundry additive, including bleach. Each magnet sheet is good for approximately 50 wash loads. Exact usage depends on the number of weekly loads and the type of washing." ] }, "parsed_md": "Judith A\n\nIndian River County Extension Service 1028 20th Pl, Suite D Vero Beach, FL\n32960 772-770-5030 Indian@mail.ifas.ufl.edu \n--- \n \nFor release on August 3, 2002\n\nJudith A. Wakefield\n\nHow To Avoid Colors Bleeding\n\nIt wasn't long ago that when we purchased new brightly-colored garments we\nsoaked them in salt water to help set the dye. This does not work on modern\nfabric dyes. As a result, new garments should not be washed with other\ngarments that dye transfer could damage.\n\nUnstable (non-colorfast) dyes and pigments used in dyes from one item \"bleed\"\ninto the wash water and can be transferred to other garments causing an\noverall discoloration, or contact between the two items can result in blotchy\nstains. Dye sometimes come off on other items (i.e., undergarments). Some dyes\nare unstable in water, others are unstable in solvents (dry cleaning fluids).\nSome dyes are prone to color change when they come in contact with acidic or\nalkaline substance, including fruit juice, perspiration, soap, shampoo and\ntoothpaste.\n\nDye transfer can cause an overall discoloration, a blotchy or patterned stain\non items of a different color or an overall darkening of the color of an item\nor a darkening in some areas. Colored garments with white collars can have the\ndye from the garment bleed and be absorbed by the white, especially if the\ncollar is white nylon.\n\nDye transfer stains may not necessarily be a color exactly like any color\nincluded in the wash load. Dyes are made up of numerous color pigments. One\nunstable pigment is all that is necessary to produce stains (i.e., a green\ngarment could cause blue stains on another item; an orange garment could cause\na yellow stain, Etc.).\n\nNew garments are often \"over dyed\" to produce very bright colors. Wear and\nlaundering remove the excess dye. Some denims are \"aged\" at the factory so\nthey look well worn when you buy them.\n\nSome dye colors are more likely to be unstable than others. The most\ntroublesome colors are bright reds, greens, blues, purples, pinks and black.\n\nNatural fiber fabrics (cotton, wool, silk) are more likely to lose dye than\nman-made fiber fabrics (polyester, nylon, acrylic). With our love for cool\ncotton clothing here in Florida, our bright colored cottons don't stay bright\nvery long and navy garments can soon become faded.\n\nHow can dye transfer and color loss be avoided? Check care label instructions\ncarefully before buying. If the label specifies that the item should be washed\nseparately, the dyes used are probably not colorfast. Avoid buying items that\nare not colorfast.\n\nFollow care labels. Manufacturers are required by law to provide care\ninstructions. If these instructions are followed and unsatisfactory results\nare obtained, return the item to the manufacturer. Of course, they only have\nto provide the method that offers the most protection to the garment. If the\nlabel said \"dry clean only\" and you washed it, the company is not responsible.\n\nSort laundry carefully. Launder white, colorfast and non-colorfast items\nseparately. Do not overload the washer. Contact dye transfer is more likely to\noccur if the washer is overloaded.\n\nDo not allow wet items to sit either in the washer or clothes basket. Dye\ntransfer may occur. Don't allow damp items to remain in contact with\ndetergents or bleaches (avoid prolonged soaking).\n\nA cold water wash minimizes dye transfer in garments with unstable dyes.\n(Additional detergent is required in cold water for good cleaning results).\nThere are new detergents on the market especially formulated for reducing\ncolor loss in dark garments. Read the labels.\n\nCan dye transfer stains be removed? This is very difficult or impossible. The\nsooner the item is treated, the better the chances of removing the stain.\nTreat the stain using one of the following methods. If the stain is not\ncompletely removed, treat again; do not dryer dry. Dryer heat can set stains.\nIf the item can be bleached (chlorine or non-chlorine bleach) soak according\nto manufacturer's directions. Wash immediately after soaking. A color remover\nis the only other type of laundry additive that may remove dye transfer stains\nbut you can only use it on all-white items. Color removers strip all color\nfrom fabrics. Soaking should be done in a container outside the washer. Use a\nplastic pan or pail.\n\nCan color loss due to unstable dyes be restored? No, once color has been\nremoved there is no way to restore it.\n\nA new option is dye magnet laundry sheets. These sheets are fairly new on the\nmarket. They are reusable sheets embedded with millions of dye catchers. They\nact like magnets, grabbing and holding particles of dye or other foreign\nmaterial in the wash water. This prevents colors from being transferred from\none laundry item to another.\n\nEven laundry that's separated into colored, white and light loads can benefit\nfrom these magnet sheets, according to the Soap and Detergent Association. A\ncolor wash may contain many colors, including red, blue and green. Although\nthese colors may minimally bleed, it will be enough to make colored clothes\nlook old before their time. The magnets also collect \"grunge\" from the wash\nwater so that whites come out whiter and colors come out brighter. As the\nsheet grabs a variety of dyes and water \"grunge\" it becomes dark.\n\nThe dye magnet sheets can be used with any detergent or laundry additive,\nincluding bleach. Each magnet sheet is good for approximately 50 wash loads.\nExact usage depends on the number of weekly loads and the type of washing.\n\nBACK\n\n" } ]
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How To Treat an Irritated Belly Button Piercing
The easiest way to treat an irritated belly button piercing is to keep the area clean. To clean your piercing, soak a q-tip or cotton ball with a saline solution and gently wash your piercing holes and belly button twice a day. After cleaning the area, rotate your piercing about 4 times. Avoid getting any body fluids, like sweat or saliva, near your piercing or it might get infected. Whenever you work out, wash your belly button as soon as possible. If you want to make extra sure your piercing doesn't get irritated, wear loose clothing and try to sleep on your back, which will reduce the amount of pressure on your skin.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419064729/http://www.skin-artists.com/navel-piercing-aftercare.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419122510/https://www.healthyandnaturalworld.com/infected-belly-button-piercing/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190102173030/http://www.newhealthadvisor.com:80/Infected-Belly-Button-Piercing.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210918021355/https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/when-how-handwashing.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190829221708/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12452873", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170725213045/http://www.healcure.org:80/navel/button-belly-piercing/infected-belly-button-piercing-signs-bump-treatment-pictures-ring/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210819171250/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2995283/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210912075445/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5198455/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210412001911/https://share.upmc.com/2015/07/how-to-keep-your-bellybutton-navel-clean-the-right-way/" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.skin-artists.com/navel-piercing-aftercare.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419064729/http://www.skin-artists.com/navel-piercing-aftercare.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Navel Piercing Treatment", "passages": [ "Nowadays, navel piercing is more and more popular. This type of piercing is like a decoration, a way of self-expression, a trend... After you get the piercing, there are certain things that you should do to properly care for it.", "After receiving a navel piercing, you must clean the jewelry, the piercing and the skin surrounding the piercing on a daily basis. The care for your belly button piercing does not end after the six month to one year healing period, the piercing and jewelry needs to be cleaned for a lifetime to avoid irritation or infection.", "After you get your navel pierced, you should be extremely careful and do your best in cleaning the pierced area. This means, before you touch the piercing, you should always clean your hands with hot water. The best way to protect yourself from infection is to use an antibacterial soap. So before touching the pierced area make sure your hands are clean.", "During the showering time - Allow the water from the shower to run onto your stomach, moistening your navel piercing and stomach. Never use a washcloth or loofah while cleaning your navel piercing. Loofahs and washcloths can harbor bacteria from hanging in the shower and may rip or tear your piercing if the jewelry catches on a loop of the cloth or loofah.", "Wash the inside of your navel and the two piercing holes. Rinse your jewelry and the piercing by allowing the water to flow onto your stomach until all the soap is gone from your piercing and jewelry. Pat your piercing and stomach dry with a disposable paper towel.", "Ask your piercer about saline or sea salt soaks if your navel piercing is irritated during the healing process. Avoid harsh products, such as alcohol or hydrogen peroxide, as cleaning agents for your navel piercing will lessen the risk of a longer healing period.", "During the healing phase - Avoid sports, especially sports that involve physical contact, to best care for your navel piercing. A navel piercing is extremely sensitive and even the smallest amount of abrasion or chafing may cause it to heal incorrectly or could even cause infection. You should sit out any sporting events or regular exercise routines for at least 2 weeks following your navel piercing procedure.", "Be careful while sleeping - try to sleep in a position that puts pressure on your navel piercing and try to sleep with your head propped up above the level of your heart to promote circulation and prevent swelling of the pierced area. Sleeping on top of the piercing with your stomach to the bed may cause irritation and interrupt the healing process.", "Prevent contact of bodily fluids with your navel piercing while it is healing. This includes saliva, sweat and semen, all of which may irritate the piercing wound.", "Warning One of the most dangerous aspects of belly button piercing is the condition of the equipment and the setting in which the piercing is done. Do not attempt to pierce your own navel or have an amateur friend do it. Skin infections and bleeding are common even with professional piercings, More serious problems can arise, such as nerve damage, severe allergic reactions, and dangerous infections such as hepatitis, HIV and tetanus. Make sure the piercer's hands are washed and gloved, and that the equipment is sterile." ] }, "parsed_md": "Navel Piercing Treatment\n\n * Home\n * ABOUT\n * NEWS\n\n * EVENTS\n\n * INTERVIEWS\n * TATTOO\n\n\" style=\"width: 26px; height: 12px; \">\n\n * PIERCING\n\n * CONTACT\n\n### Navel Piercing Treatment\n\nNowadays, navel piercing is more and more popular. This type of piercing is\nlike a decoration, a way of self-expression, a trend... After you get the\npiercing, there are certain things that you should do to properly care for it.\n\nAfter receiving a navel piercing, you must clean the jewelry, the piercing and\nthe skin surrounding the piercing on a daily basis. The care for your belly\nbutton piercing does not end after the six month to one year healing period,\nthe piercing and jewelry needs to be cleaned for a lifetime to avoid\nirritation or infection.\n\nHere are some tips - how to heal your navel piercing:\n\nAfter you get your navel pierced, you should be extremely careful and do your\nbest in cleaning the pierced area. This means, before you touch the piercing,\nyou should always clean your hands with hot water. The best way to protect\nyourself from infection is to use an antibacterial soap. So before touching\nthe pierced area make sure your hands are clean.\n\nDuring the showering time - Allow the water from the shower to run onto your\nstomach, moistening your navel piercing and stomach. Never use a washcloth or\nloofah while cleaning your navel piercing. Loofahs and washcloths can harbor\nbacteria from hanging in the shower and may rip or tear your piercing if the\njewelry catches on a loop of the cloth or loofah.\n\nWash the inside of your navel and the two piercing holes. Rinse your jewelry\nand the piercing by allowing the water to flow onto your stomach until all the\nsoap is gone from your piercing and jewelry. Pat your piercing and stomach dry\nwith a disposable paper towel.\n\nAsk your piercer about saline or sea salt soaks if your navel piercing is\nirritated during the healing process. Avoid harsh products, such as alcohol or\nhydrogen peroxide, as cleaning agents for your navel piercing will lessen the\nrisk of a longer healing period.\n\nDuring the healing phase - Avoid sports, especially sports that involve\nphysical contact, to best care for your navel piercing. A navel piercing is\nextremely sensitive and even the smallest amount of abrasion or chafing may\ncause it to heal incorrectly or could even cause infection. You should sit out\nany sporting events or regular exercise routines for at least 2 weeks\nfollowing your navel piercing procedure.\n\nBe careful while sleeping - try to sleep in a position that puts pressure on\nyour navel piercing and try to sleep with your head propped up above the level\nof your heart to promote circulation and prevent swelling of the pierced area.\nSleeping on top of the piercing with your stomach to the bed may cause\nirritation and interrupt the healing process.\n\nWear clothes that are loose fitting. Tight clothes will rub against the\npiercing and irritate the area.\n\nPrevent contact of bodily fluids with your navel piercing while it is healing.\nThis includes saliva, sweat and semen, all of which may irritate the piercing\nwound.\n\nWarning One of the most dangerous aspects of belly button piercing is the\ncondition of the equipment and the setting in which the piercing is done. Do\nnot attempt to pierce your own navel or have an amateur friend do it. Skin\ninfections and bleeding are common even with professional piercings, More\nserious problems can arise, such as nerve damage, severe allergic reactions,\nand dangerous infections such as hepatitis, HIV and tetanus. Make sure the\npiercer's hands are washed and gloved, and that the equipment is sterile.\n\nCHECK OUT: Piercing Effects Body Modification Genital Piercing Risks When To\nAvoid Piercing Piercing Jewelry Safety Piercing Pain & Rejection\n\n#### OUR\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.healthyandnaturalworld.com/infected-belly-button-piercing/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419122510/https://www.healthyandnaturalworld.com/infected-belly-button-piercing/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Signs of Infected Belly Button Piercing and Best Treatment Options", "passages": [ "Belly button piercings are one of the most common body piercings today apart from the ears. Infected belly button piercings can be avoided by cleaning the wound properly, and if you do this, the pierced navel should heal within 6 to 9 months. However, sometimes the belly button can become infected due to bacteria and germs getting into the pierced area. This can cause pain, swelling, redness, discharge, and a bump around the belly button jewelry.", "If you notice any signs of an infected belly button piercing, it is important to act quickly to treat the infection. Many natural home remedies like tea tree oil, saline solution, and aloe vera can help to kill off the infection- causing bacteria and soothe the inflamed piercing.", "Because an infected wound can become a serious health condition, you should visit your doctor if the home remedies don’t help to clear the infection in a day or two. This is especially true if the area around the belly button is throbbing, tender, and feels warm to touch.", "Proper piercing aftercare helps the majority of navel piercings heal without any complications. If you are concerned about an infected belly button piercing, this article will help you identify its symptoms and treat mild infections. You will also find out how to clean a belly button piercing to prevent infections.", "Each piercing location on the body has its own normal healing time. While the wound is healing, it is important to follow the aftercare piercing instructions you received from the piercer.", "According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, navel piercings take up to 9 months to heal completely. However, during that time, the location of the belly button piercing makes it prone to infections. For example, constant friction from clothing, irritation from belts, and jewelry getting caught in clothing can increase the risk of belly button infection.^1", "Many times, you can avoid serious infections around your belly button piercing if you get it done by a professional piercer in a salon that has high standards of hygiene. You should also choose good quality jewelry to prevent allergic reactions to the foreign object.", "It is completely normal to experience redness, some swelling, itchiness, bruising, and even some bleeding after getting your belly button pierced. Clear or white pus that drains from the piercing is also part of the normal healing process. However, these symptoms should gradually improve over a few weeks if you care properly for your new piercing.", "You should always be aware of any signs of the belly button piercing becoming infected. Dr. John P. Cunha on MedicineNet.com says that some symptoms of an infected belly button piercing are:^2", "You notice red streaks radiating from the belly button. This is a serious condition called lymphangitis and you should seek immediate medical care.", "You may notice other signs that the belly button piercing isn’t healing as quickly as it should. For example, the piercing holes become larger, the area is very sensitive to touch, a keloid or bump forms near the pierced area.", "If you only have an itchy red rash surrounding the piercing, it could be a sign that your skin is allergic to the jewelry in your belly button.", "In some cases you may develop a bump on your pierced belly button. Dermatologist Dr. Gary W. Cole says that keloids are scar tissue that can form after a piercing and cause a bump to form. It’s not fully understood why some people are more prone to getting piercing bumps. Also, it’s possible that a keloid forms after one piercing, but not another.^3 For example, a person may develop a nose piercing bump but not get a keloid after navel piercing.", "It is important to clean the belly button piercing regularly to prevent any infection. You should do this until the wound is completely healed and there is no more redness, discharge, or swelling around the pierced area.", "Sea salt water rinse is one of the best natural ways to care for your piercing and prevent any infection around the pierced navel area. The National Health Service in the United Kingdom recommends submerging the pierced area in a saline solution 2 times a day to help keep the navel area clean and free from any germs.^4", "Lay on your back and apply the sea salt rinse to the navel piercing using a clean cloth or cotton ball to help kill off infection-causing germs and soften any discharge from the wound.", "Repeat the cleaning process 2 times a day to help the piercing heal and kill off any germs in the belly button piercing.", "Remember: you should never remove the jewelry from the pierced hole when cleaning it or even if you think you have an infection.", "There are also many other home remedies that can help to speed up the healing process of a belly button piercing. These remedies contain natural ingredients that have proven to effectively destroy bacteria that cause skin infections.", "Tea tree oil can help to remove germs and bacteria from belly button piercings as well as nose piercing. Tea tree oil contains powerful antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that make it an effective all-around natural antiseptic for cleaning an infected belly button piercing wound.", "Studies published in the journal Clinical Microbiology Reviews into the antimicrobial effects of tea tree oil have found that it is effective against many strains of infection-causing bacteria including the Pseudomonas or Staphylococcus strains.^5", "Use tea tree oil together with coconut oil to make an antibacterial salve for healing belly button piercing wounds. Mix 1 tbsp. coconut oil with 2-3 drops of tea tree oil and apply to the affected skin around your belly button. This will soothe the irritated skin and help to reduce redness and swelling. Apply the salve twice a day until any signs of a mild belly button infection have gone completely.", "This home remedy should be used in addition to regular cleaning of the pierced area with the saline solution. You can also use the tea tree solution to treat infected daith piercing or tragus piercing.", "Aloe vera is a great natural remedy for various skin conditions and it can help speed up the healing process of a mildly infected belly button piercing.", "Research into the antibacterial properties of aloe vera has found that it can help wounds to heal faster and prevent scarring. This is because it inhibits the growth of bacterial infections and helps the skin to repair itself quicker. The researchers found that aloe vera can be very effective in healing wounds that don’t respond to antibiotics.^6", "Apply a small amount of pure aloe vera gel to the infected navel area to speed up the healing process. Repeat the remedy 2-3 times a day to help the piercing heal faster and prevent scarring around the hole.", "Chamomile is a wonderful soothing herb to help treat skin irritations and infections. You can use a chamomile compress to help heal a belly button piercing infection and clean away and discharge.", "The journal Molecular Medicine Reports found that chamomile extracts can help dry out infected wounds and help the skin heal quicker. Added to this is the fact that chamomile is a natural antimicrobial agent which can help clean infected wounds. In fact, in clinical trials, chamomile was more effective than some corticosteroids ointments that are prescribed to reduce inflammation.^7", "It is very easy to make a chamomile compress at home. Dip a chamomile tea bag in a cup of hot water and carefully squeeze out excess liquid. Apply the warm compress to your belly button piercing and hold for 5-10 minutes. Repeat applying the chamomile remedy 1-2 times a day to help the navel piercing heal quicker and prevent infections.", "Diluted raw unprocessed apple cider vinegar can be used as an antibacterial rinse to help reduce signs of infection around the belly button piercing.", "Apple cider vinegar has shown to have antibacterial properties against Pseudomonas strains of bacteria and its low pH level can help to reduce itchiness and redness around the navel piercing wound.^8", "Mix equal parts of raw apple cider vinegar and water to treat an infected belly button piercing. Using a cotton ball, apply the healing mixture to the affected skin area to help reduce any signs of infection. Repeat the process 2-3 times a day for best results.", "Calendula is another natural remedy that you can use to treat infected navel piercings. Extracts from the calendula (pot marigold) plant have antibacterial and antiviral properties that help infected wounds to heal quicker. Calendula oil can also help prevent the formation of piercing scars.", "The journal Wounds found that as well as ridding the skin of harmful infection-causing bacteria, calendula helps to boost collagen production. This helps any damaged skin heal quicker and can prevent the formation of scars.^9", "To use calendula oil to help cure a mildly infected belly button piercing, you should add 2-3 drops of calendula oil to 1 tbsp. coconut oil. Apply the healing ointment 2-3 times a day to the affected navel skin area until any redness, swelling, and discharge has gone completely.", "In order to prevent your belly button piercing from becoming infected, there are a number of things you should avoid. Following these simple tips to prevent infections can help the piercing site heal quicker and avoid any complications. Doctors from the Mayo Clinic recommend the following:^9", "If you are concerned that a belly button infection is getting worse and not healing properly, you should contact your doctor as soon as possible.", "I had an infection in my piercing and after a week of sea salt soaks, hot compress and a small amount of bactine to clear up bad bacteria.. it was still showing symptoms of an infection. I had my piercing almost 4-5 months at this point and I decided to visit my primary doctor, he gave me an easy 5 day antibiotic for skin infections. Did not bully me to take it out and it was 100% cleared in 4 days. Moral of the story, it’s worth is to just get an antibiotic if it’s showing symptoms for more than a couple days. I remember looking on millions of these sights to the point where I decided it was time to see a doc and that was my only relief! I’m sharing this because I wish someone shared this with me sooner!", "Every person needs to apply discretion and common sense to his/her specific condition. If home remedies don’t help after a few days and/or symptoms become worse, then obviously the person will need to see a doctor.", "At Healthy and Natural World, our mission is to empower people to take control of their own health by providing comprehensive, practical and well researched information.", "Our articles are based on scientific evidence, written by experts and fact checked by experts. We strive to be objective, unbiased, honest and to present both sides of the argument.", "Our articles contain scientific references which are numbered. Some of the references are clickable and some are found at the end of the article in the references section. The references are clickable and linked to peer-reviewed scientific papers or authority medical sites.", "Our content does not constitute a medical consultation. If you have a medical problem you should seek advice from a doctor and other health care professional. For additional information please see our Full Disclaimer and Privacy Policy.", "The entire content of this website is copyrighted and should not be copied without permission. © 2021 Healthy and Natural World" ] }, "parsed_md": "Signs of Infected Belly Button Piercing and Best Treatment Options\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Disclaimer\n * Contact us\n * Join Our Newsletter\n * EBooks\n\n * Animals\n * Aromatherapy\n * Beauty\n * Food & Nutrition\n * Gardening And Landscaping\n * Health\n * Home\n * News\n * Produce\n\n# Signs of Infected Belly Button Piercing and Best Treatment Options\n\nBy Jenny Hills, Nutritionist and Medical Writer Health\n\nAdvertisement\n\nBelly button piercings are one of the most common body piercings today apart\nfrom the ears. Infected belly button piercings can be avoided by cleaning the\nwound properly, and if you do this, the pierced navel should heal within 6 to\n9 months. However, sometimes the belly button can become infected due to\nbacteria and germs getting into the pierced area. This can cause pain,\nswelling, redness, discharge, and a bump around the belly button jewelry.\n\nIf you notice any signs of an infected belly button piercing, it is important\nto act quickly to treat the infection. Many natural home remedies like tea\ntree oil, saline solution, and aloe vera can help to kill off the infection-\ncausing bacteria and soothe the inflamed piercing.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nBecause an infected wound can become a serious health condition, you should\nvisit your doctor if the home remedies don’t help to clear the infection in a\nday or two. This is especially true if the area around the belly button is\nthrobbing, tender, and feels warm to touch.\n\nProper piercing aftercare helps the majority of navel piercings heal without\nany complications. If you are concerned about an infected belly button\npiercing, this article will help you identify its symptoms and treat mild\ninfections. You will also find out how to clean a belly button piercing to\nprevent infections.\n\n## Causes of Belly Button Piercing Infection\n\nEach piercing location on the body has its own normal healing time. While the\nwound is healing, it is important to follow the aftercare piercing\ninstructions you received from the piercer.\n\nAccording to the American Academy of Family Physicians, navel piercings take\nup to 9 months to heal completely. However, during that time, the location of\nthe belly button piercing makes it prone to infections. For example, constant\nfriction from clothing, irritation from belts, and jewelry getting caught in\nclothing can increase the risk of belly button infection.^1\n\nInfections occur when the wound becomes infected with the Pseudomonas or\nStaphylococcus strains of bacteria.\n\n## Signs of Infected Belly Button Piercing\n\nMany times, you can avoid serious infections around your belly button piercing\nif you get it done by a professional piercer in a salon that has high\nstandards of hygiene. You should also choose good quality jewelry to prevent\nallergic reactions to the foreign object.\n\nIt is completely normal to experience redness, some swelling, itchiness,\nbruising, and even some bleeding after getting your belly button pierced.\nClear or white pus that drains from the piercing is also part of the normal\nhealing process. However, these symptoms should gradually improve over a few\nweeks if you care properly for your new piercing.\n\nYou should always be aware of any signs of the belly button piercing becoming\ninfected. Dr. John P. Cunha on MedicineNet.com says that some symptoms of an\ninfected belly button piercing are:^2\n\n * The skin around the belly button becomes increasingly red and painful.\n * The area around the navel piercing is swollen.\n * Yellow or greenish pus starts to drain from the navel piercing wound and it gives off an unpleasant odor.\n * You notice red streaks radiating from the belly button. This is a serious condition called lymphangitis and you should seek immediate medical care.\n * The belly button piercing ring or bars will hang more loosely compared to when it got placed.\n * You have a fever.\n\nYou may notice other signs that the belly button piercing isn’t healing as\nquickly as it should. For example, the piercing holes become larger, the area\nis very sensitive to touch, a keloid or bump forms near the pierced area.\n\nIf you only have an itchy red rash surrounding the piercing, it could be a\nsign that your skin is allergic to the jewelry in your belly button.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Belly button piercing bump\n\nIn some cases you may develop a bump on your pierced belly button.\nDermatologist Dr. Gary W. Cole says that keloids are scar tissue that can form\nafter a piercing and cause a bump to form. It’s not fully understood why some\npeople are more prone to getting piercing bumps. Also, it’s possible that a\nkeloid forms after one piercing, but not another.^3 For example, a person may\ndevelop a nose piercing bump but not get a keloid after navel piercing.\n\n## How to Clean a Belly Button Piercing to Prevent Infection\n\nIt is important to clean the belly button piercing regularly to prevent any\ninfection. You should do this until the wound is completely healed and there\nis no more redness, discharge, or swelling around the pierced area.\n\nSea salt water rinse is one of the best natural ways to care for your piercing\nand prevent any infection around the pierced navel area. The National Health\nService in the United Kingdom recommends submerging the pierced area in a\nsaline solution 2 times a day to help keep the navel area clean and free from\nany germs.^4\n\n * Dissolve 1/4 teaspoon of sea salt in a small glass of warm water that has been boiled.\n * Lay on your back and apply the sea salt rinse to the navel piercing using a clean cloth or cotton ball to help kill off infection-causing germs and soften any discharge from the wound.\n * Hold for 10 minutes to allow the saline solution disinfect the pierced area in your belly button.\n * Gently pat the navel area dry with clean kitchen towels or tissue paper.\n * Repeat the cleaning process 2 times a day to help the piercing heal and kill off any germs in the belly button piercing.\n\nRemember: you should never remove the jewelry from the pierced hole when\ncleaning it or even if you think you have an infection.\n\n## Home Treatments for Infected Belly Button Piercing\n\nThere are also many other home remedies that can help to speed up the healing\nprocess of a belly button piercing. These remedies contain natural ingredients\nthat have proven to effectively destroy bacteria that cause skin infections.\n\n### Tea tree oil\n\nTea tree oil can help to remove germs and bacteria from belly button piercings\nas well as nose piercing. Tea tree oil contains powerful antibacterial and\nanti-inflammatory properties that make it an effective all-around natural\nantiseptic for cleaning an infected belly button piercing wound.\n\nStudies published in the journal Clinical Microbiology Reviews into the\nantimicrobial effects of tea tree oil have found that it is effective against\nmany strains of infection-causing bacteria including the Pseudomonas or\nStaphylococcus strains.^5\n\nAdvertisement\n\nUse tea tree oil together with coconut oil to make an antibacterial salve for\nhealing belly button piercing wounds. Mix 1 tbsp. coconut oil with 2-3 drops\nof tea tree oil and apply to the affected skin around your belly button. This\nwill soothe the irritated skin and help to reduce redness and swelling. Apply\nthe salve twice a day until any signs of a mild belly button infection have\ngone completely.\n\nThis home remedy should be used in addition to regular cleaning of the pierced\narea with the saline solution. You can also use the tea tree solution to treat\ninfected daith piercing or tragus piercing.\n\n### Aloe vera\n\nAloe vera is a great natural remedy for various skin conditions and it can\nhelp speed up the healing process of a mildly infected belly button piercing.\n\nResearch into the antibacterial properties of aloe vera has found that it can\nhelp wounds to heal faster and prevent scarring. This is because it inhibits\nthe growth of bacterial infections and helps the skin to repair itself\nquicker. The researchers found that aloe vera can be very effective in healing\nwounds that don’t respond to antibiotics.^6\n\nApply a small amount of pure aloe vera gel to the infected navel area to speed\nup the healing process. Repeat the remedy 2-3 times a day to help the piercing\nheal faster and prevent scarring around the hole.\n\n### Chamomile compress\n\nChamomile is a wonderful soothing herb to help treat skin irritations and\ninfections. You can use a chamomile compress to help heal a belly button\npiercing infection and clean away and discharge.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThe journal Molecular Medicine Reports found that chamomile extracts can help\ndry out infected wounds and help the skin heal quicker. Added to this is the\nfact that chamomile is a natural antimicrobial agent which can help clean\ninfected wounds. In fact, in clinical trials, chamomile was more effective\nthan some corticosteroids ointments that are prescribed to reduce\ninflammation.^7\n\nIt is very easy to make a chamomile compress at home. Dip a chamomile tea bag\nin a cup of hot water and carefully squeeze out excess liquid. Apply the warm\ncompress to your belly button piercing and hold for 5-10 minutes. Repeat\napplying the chamomile remedy 1-2 times a day to help the navel piercing heal\nquicker and prevent infections.\n\n### Apple cider vinegar\n\nDiluted raw unprocessed apple cider vinegar can be used as an antibacterial\nrinse to help reduce signs of infection around the belly button piercing.\n\nApple cider vinegar has shown to have antibacterial properties against\nPseudomonas strains of bacteria and its low pH level can help to reduce\nitchiness and redness around the navel piercing wound.^8\n\nMix equal parts of raw apple cider vinegar and water to treat an infected\nbelly button piercing. Using a cotton ball, apply the healing mixture to the\naffected skin area to help reduce any signs of infection. Repeat the process\n2-3 times a day for best results.\n\n### Calendula\n\nCalendula is another natural remedy that you can use to treat infected navel\npiercings. Extracts from the calendula (pot marigold) plant have antibacterial\nand antiviral properties that help infected wounds to heal quicker. Calendula\noil can also help prevent the formation of piercing scars.\n\nThe journal Wounds found that as well as ridding the skin of harmful\ninfection-causing bacteria, calendula helps to boost collagen production. This\nhelps any damaged skin heal quicker and can prevent the formation of scars.^9\n\nTo use calendula oil to help cure a mildly infected belly button piercing, you\nshould add 2-3 drops of calendula oil to 1 tbsp. coconut oil. Apply the\nhealing ointment 2-3 times a day to the affected navel skin area until any\nredness, swelling, and discharge has gone completely.\n\n## How to Prevent Belly Button Piercing Infections\n\nIn order to prevent your belly button piercing from becoming infected, there\nare a number of things you should avoid. Following these simple tips to\nprevent infections can help the piercing site heal quicker and avoid any\ncomplications. Doctors from the Mayo Clinic recommend the following:^9\n\n * Avoid fiddling with your piercings so as not to irritate the pierced site even more.\n * Always wash your hand thoroughly before cleaning the piercing.\n * Don’t take the jewelry out until the piercing hole has completely healed.\n * Avoid swimming in pools, rivers, lakes, and stay out of hot tubs while the belly button piercing is healing.\n\nYou should always try to wear loose-fitting clothing so as not to catch or\nirritate the belly button jewelry.\n\nIf you are concerned that a belly button infection is getting worse and not\nhealing properly, you should contact your doctor as soon as possible.\n\nRelated articles:\n\n * How to Get Rid of Nose Piercing Bump\n * Getting a Cartilage Piercing? Learn About Cartilage Piercing Care\n * Pain in Belly Button: Causes and Natural Treatments\n\nArticle Sources\n\n 1. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Nov 15;72(10):2029-2034.\n 2. Medicinenet.com. Puncture wounds.\n 3. Medicinenet com. Keloids and piercing.\n 4. NHS.uk. Body piercing – aftercare.\n 5. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006 Jan; 19(1): 50–62.\n 6. Australas Med J. 2012; 5(6): 305–309\n 7. Mol Med Report. 2010 Nov 1; 3(6): 895–901.\n 8. Eur J Gen Med. Vol. 5, No. 2, 2008, pp. 104-106.\n 9. Wounds. Vol. 20, No. 8. 2008 Aug.\n\nSigns of Infected Belly Button Piercing and Best Treatment Options was last\nmodified: January 2nd, 2018 by Jenny Hills, Nutritionist and Medical Writer\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### 2 Responses to Signs of Infected Belly Button Piercing and Best Treatment\nOptions\n\n 1. Mackenzie says:\n\nFebruary 21, 2018 at 5:19 am\n\nI had an infection in my piercing and after a week of sea salt soaks, hot\ncompress and a small amount of bactine to clear up bad bacteria.. it was still\nshowing symptoms of an infection. I had my piercing almost 4-5 months at this\npoint and I decided to visit my primary doctor, he gave me an easy 5 day\nantibiotic for skin infections. Did not bully me to take it out and it was\n100% cleared in 4 days. Moral of the story, it’s worth is to just get an\nantibiotic if it’s showing symptoms for more than a couple days. I remember\nlooking on millions of these sights to the point where I decided it was time\nto see a doc and that was my only relief! I’m sharing this because I wish\nsomeone shared this with me sooner!\n\nReply\n\n * Jenny Hills, Medical Writer and Researcher says:\n\nFebruary 21, 2018 at 8:49 pm\n\nEvery person needs to apply discretion and common sense to his/her specific\ncondition. If home remedies don’t help after a few days and/or symptoms become\nworse, then obviously the person will need to see a doctor.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n * ### Join Our 2 Million Fans\n\n * Advertisement\n\n * Advertisement\n\n * Advertisement\n\n * Advertisement\n\n * Advertisement\n\nAt Healthy and Natural World, our mission is to empower people to take control\nof their own health by providing comprehensive, practical and well researched\ninformation.\n\nOur articles are based on scientific evidence, written by experts and fact\nchecked by experts. We strive to be objective, unbiased, honest and to present\nboth sides of the argument.\n\nOur articles contain scientific references which are numbered. Some of the\nreferences are clickable and some are found at the end of the article in the\nreferences section. The references are clickable and linked to peer-reviewed\nscientific papers or authority medical sites.\n\nOur content does not constitute a medical consultation. If you have a medical\nproblem you should seek advice from a doctor and other health care\nprofessional. For additional information please see our Full Disclaimer and\nPrivacy Policy.\n\nThe entire content of this website is copyrighted and should not be copied\nwithout permission. © 2021 Healthy and Natural World\n\nHealthy And Natural World\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.newhealthadvisor.com:80/Infected-Belly-Button-Piercing.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190102173030/http://www.newhealthadvisor.com:80/Infected-Belly-Button-Piercing.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "12 Miraculous Remedies for Infected Belly Button Piercing", "passages": [ "Belly button piercing is a very popular practice amongst many. When you receive abelly piercing, it is important to remember that there will be a healing process before it looks normal. Although, infected belly button piercing is common, some may not sure how to identify whether the piercing is infected or not. This article will detail identification methods for this occurrence, how to avoid it, as well as what to do if it was to occur.", "Redness or tenderness is common after piercing your belly button, if this persists for longer than a couple of weeks, then it may be an infection.", "Some yellow discharge after your piercing is entirely normal up to a week after having the piercing. If the discharge is of a high volume, or green in colour, then it may point to an infection.", "A lengthy healing process, along with the appearance of a bump, excess crusts around the site of the piercing, persistent pain and consistent soreness around the area of the piercing (exacerbated when anything touches the area) and/or high skin irritability.", "The navel jewelry seems to be hanging lower or looser than when it was first inserted. And you can see a noticeable increase in the size of the hole of the piercing.", "After a piercing, if you notice any of the symptoms listed above, then it would be highly advisable to have the site examined by a physician, so as to instill proper treatment methods. Below are some possible treatment options.", "Although some doctors will advise you take out the jewelry, many experienced people will not recommend that. Removing the piercing may lead to the formation of an abscess, and such an action can make the hole close up, thus the infection is left inside and more complications can be induced.", "If the infection seems to be mild, cleansing alcohol is often used to disinfect the microorganisms that may be causing the infection, halting the growth of the bacteria. This is generally not recommended if you are allergic to alcohol.", "A warmed compress may prove helpful in inciting the circulation of blood and the drainage of pus. Always ensure the compress has been washed or disinfected to avoid introducing new bacteria to the infected area, which will likely exacerbate the infected area.", "By mixing around half a teaspoon of sea salt to a cup of warm water to make a saline solution, you can use the solution to clean the infected area. This will help to stop the progression of mild infections.", "Due to the acidic content of white vinegar, it can prove extremely effective in fighting infection, and preventing the spread of infection. Mix white vinegar with warm water and use a cotton swab to apply the solution to the infected area. Rinse thoroughly after.", "With anti-inflammatory benefits, aloe vera can help with infected belly button piercing. You can expel the aloe vera gel out from the leaf and apply it on the infected belly area. Just wait until the area is dry then wash with a wet cloth and dry you’re your towel gently. You can apply this gel for several times each day to get the wanted results.", "With natural antiseptic properties, turmeric helps in both treating and preventing infections. You can get a paste by mixing water with turmeric powder then apply it on the infected area. When the paste dries, you can wash the area and dry with a towel or tissue softly. Apply this method for about for 2 to 3 time per day. You can also make a drink by mixing 1 teaspoon of turmeric powder with honey or hot milk in a glass to help with the healing process.", "The use of lavender oil, tea tree oil, or emu oil may help with a navel infection due to their natural healing properties. Other natural healers include vitamins C and D, and zinc, all of which will help to the rapidity of your healing process.", "If the site of the piercing is excreting pus, then your physician will likely prescribe oral antibiotics to eradicate the microorganisms causing the infection.Topical antibiotic medications may also be prescribed for mild cases of infected belly button piercing. Besides, if you have pain associating with infections, over-the-counter pain relieving medications may prove helpful in eradicating that pain.", "If the formation of an abscess occurs, and the pus from the piercing is not draining efficiently, then surgical drainage may be administered. This is only suggested in severe cases.", "You may think it wise to use over-the-counter ointments with antibiotic properties, while the opposite is likely true. Use of ointments may cause the bacteria to become trapped, exacerbating the issue and extending the time of healing.", "After treating the infected area, you may notice the formation of a rash that may be due to the piercing or cleansers you use it daily. Just avoid such allergens and stop use these substances.", "If your symptoms persist for 48 hours after the piercing or worsen, then it may be wise to seek medical help. You can either speaking with a physician or the individual who carried out your piercing.", "If you have recently received a belly button piercing, then it is important to take steps to avoid the occurrence of an infection, including:" ] }, "parsed_md": "12 Miraculous Remedies for Infected Belly Button Piercing | New Health Advisor\n\n# New Health Advisor\n\nNew Health Advisor for Daily Health Care.\n\nAbout Us\n\n * Home\n * Sex & Relationship\n * Blood, Heart & Circulation\n * Women's Health\n * Life\n * Digestive System\n * Bone, Joint & Muscle\n * More...\n\n# Infected Belly Button Piercing\n\nBelly button piercing is a very popular practice amongst many. When you\nreceive abelly piercing, it is important to remember that there will be a\nhealing process before it looks normal. Although, infected belly button\npiercing is common, some may not sure how to identify whether the piercing is\ninfected or not. This article will detail identification methods for this\noccurrence, how to avoid it, as well as what to do if it was to occur.\n\n### Do You Have an Infected Belly Button Piercing?\n\nAn infected navel piercing can easily be determined via the following signs\nand symptoms:\n\n 1. Redness or tenderness is common after piercing your belly button, if this persists for longer than a couple of weeks, then it may be an infection.\n 2. If your belly button remains swollen, and the swelling does not subside, it may indicate an infection.\n 3. Some yellow discharge after your piercing is entirely normal up to a week after having the piercing. If the discharge is of a high volume, or green in colour, then it may point to an infection.\n 4. Bleeding is normal during the piercing, if this remains persistent, then it could mean that you have an infection.\n 5. A lengthy healing process, along with the appearance of a bump, excess crusts around the site of the piercing, persistent pain and consistent soreness around the area of the piercing (exacerbated when anything touches the area) and/or high skin irritability.\n 6. Reduced skin thickness, meaning you can see the navel jewelry through your skin.\n 7. The navel jewelry seems to be hanging lower or looser than when it was first inserted. And you can see a noticeable increase in the size of the hole of the piercing.\n\nIf you notice one or more of these symptoms, then it may mean that you have an\ninfected piercing.\n\n### How to Relieve Infected Belly Button Piercing\n\nAfter a piercing, if you notice any of the symptoms listed above, then it\nwould be highly advisable to have the site examined by a physician, so as to\ninstill proper treatment methods. Below are some possible treatment options.\n\n#### 1\\. Do Not Take Pierced Jewelry Out\n\nAlthough some doctors will advise you take out the jewelry, many experienced\npeople will not recommend that. Removing the piercing may lead to the\nformation of an abscess, and such an action can make the hole close up, thus\nthe infection is left inside and more complications can be induced.\n\n#### 2\\. Cleaning Alcohol\n\nIf the infection seems to be mild, cleansing alcohol is often used to\ndisinfect the microorganisms that may be causing the infection, halting the\ngrowth of the bacteria. This is generally not recommended if you are allergic\nto alcohol.\n\n#### 3\\. Warmed Compress\n\nA warmed compress may prove helpful in inciting the circulation of blood and\nthe drainage of pus. Always ensure the compress has been washed or disinfected\nto avoid introducing new bacteria to the infected area, which will likely\nexacerbate the infected area.\n\n#### 4\\. Saline Solution\n\nBy mixing around half a teaspoon of sea salt to a cup of warm water to make a\nsaline solution, you can use the solution to clean the infected area. This\nwill help to stop the progression of mild infections.\n\n#### 5\\. Acidic White Vinegar\n\nDue to the acidic content of white vinegar, it can prove extremely effective\nin fighting infection, and preventing the spread of infection. Mix white\nvinegar with warm water and use a cotton swab to apply the solution to the\ninfected area. Rinse thoroughly after.\n\n#### 6\\. Aloe Vera\n\nWith anti-inflammatory benefits, aloe vera can help with infected belly button\npiercing. You can expel the aloe vera gel out from the leaf and apply it on\nthe infected belly area. Just wait until the area is dry then wash with a wet\ncloth and dry you’re your towel gently. You can apply this gel for several\ntimes each day to get the wanted results.\n\n#### 7\\. Turmeric\n\nWith natural antiseptic properties, turmeric helps in both treating and\npreventing infections. You can get a paste by mixing water with turmeric\npowder then apply it on the infected area. When the paste dries, you can wash\nthe area and dry with a towel or tissue softly. Apply this method for about\nfor 2 to 3 time per day. You can also make a drink by mixing 1 teaspoon of\nturmeric powder with honey or hot milk in a glass to help with the healing\nprocess.\n\n#### 8\\. Essential Oils\n\nThe use of lavender oil, tea tree oil, or emu oil may help with a navel\ninfection due to their natural healing properties. Other natural healers\ninclude vitamins C and D, and zinc, all of which will help to the rapidity of\nyour healing process.\n\n#### 9\\. Medications\n\nIf the site of the piercing is excreting pus, then your physician will likely\nprescribe oral antibiotics to eradicate the microorganisms causing the\ninfection.Topical antibiotic medications may also be prescribed for mild cases\nof infected belly button piercing. Besides, if you have pain associating with\ninfections, over-the-counter pain relieving medications may prove helpful in\neradicating that pain.\n\n#### 10\\. Surgical Drainage\n\nIf the formation of an abscess occurs, and the pus from the piercing is not\ndraining efficiently, then surgical drainage may be administered. This is only\nsuggested in severe cases.\n\n#### 11\\. Avoid the Use of Ointments\n\nYou may think it wise to use over-the-counter ointments with antibiotic\nproperties, while the opposite is likely true. Use of ointments may cause the\nbacteria to become trapped, exacerbating the issue and extending the time of\nhealing.\n\n#### 12\\. Avoid Allergens\n\nAfter treating the infected area, you may notice the formation of a rash that\nmay be due to the piercing or cleansers you use it daily. Just avoid such\nallergens and stop use these substances.\n\nWhen to Seek Medical Help\n\nIf your symptoms persist for 48 hours after the piercing or worsen, then it\nmay be wise to seek medical help. You can either speaking with a physician or\nthe individual who carried out your piercing.\n\nThe video below further explains methods of treating infected belly button\npiercing treatment:\n\n### How to Prevent Infected Belly Button Piercing\n\nIf you have recently received a belly button piercing, then it is important to\ntake steps to avoid the occurrence of an infection, including:\n\n * Keep the site of the piercing clean and dry.\n * Wear loose-fitting clothing during the healing process.\n * Avoid touch or irritate the site of the piercing.\n * Carry out regular daily checks to look out for any signs or symptoms of an infection.\n * Take a shower instead of a bath, as bathwater may lead to the transfer of bacteria.\n\n### Categories\n\n * Sex & Relationship\n * Blood, Heart & Circulation\n * Women's Health\n * Life\n * Digestive System\n * Bone, Joint & Muscle\n * Men's Health\n * Ear, Nose & Throat\n * Fitness & Wellness\n * Allergies\n * Skin Care\n * Pregnancy and Parenting\n * Food & Nutrition\n * Mental Health\n * Kidney & Urinary System\n * Hair & Nails\n * Pets and Animals\n * Oral Health\n * Pain Management\n * Immune System\n * Eye Health\n * Drugs and Addiction\n * Children's Health\n * Respiratory System\n * Brain & Nerves\n * Nursing and Care\n * Miscellaneous\n * Medical Profession\n * Endocrine System\n * Excretory System\n\nVIEW ALL...\n\n### Similar Topics\n\n * Rash Around Belly Button: Causes and Treatments\n\n### Same Category\n\n * Moles Appearing Everywhere: Causes and Treatments\n * How Can You Safely Pop Blackheads?\n * Pimple Inside Nose: Causes and Quick Ways to Help\n * How to Properly Shave Your Legs\n * White Bumps Under Eyes\n * How to Prevent Pimples\n * Can Fordyce Spots Heal On Their Own? What to Do?\n * Chicken Pox Incubation Period\n\nCopyright WWW.NEWHEALTHADVISOR.COM © 2014, All rights Reserved. Last Updated\n02 January, 2019.\n\nCurrent time: 01/02/2019 12:30:30 pm (America/New_York) Memory usage:\n2207.66KB\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/when-how-handwashing.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210918021355/https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/when-how-handwashing.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "When and How to Wash Your Hands", "passages": [ "During the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, keeping hands clean is especially important to help prevent the virus from spreading. Read more about how to protect yourself and others.", "Handwashing is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your family from getting sick. Learn when and how you should wash your hands to stay healthy.", "Washing hands can keep you healthy and prevent the spread of respiratory and diarrheal infections from one person to the next. Germs can spread from other people or surfaces when you:", "You can help yourself and your loved ones stay healthy by washing your hands often, especially during these key times when you are likely to get and spread germs:", "The guidance for the list of key times to wash hands was developed based on data from a number of studies. There can also be other times when it is important to wash hands.", "To prevent the spread of germs during the COVID-19 pandemic, you should also wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use a hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol to clean hands BEFORE and AFTER:", "Touching an item or surface that may be frequently touched by other people, such as door handles, tables, gas pumps, shopping carts, or electronic cashier registers/screens", "Washing your hands is easy, and it’s one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of germs. Clean hands can stop germs from spreading from one person to another and throughout an entire community—from your home and workplace to childcare facilities and hospitals.", "Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails.", "Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need a timer? Hum the “Happy Birthday” song from beginning to end twice.", "You can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol if soap and water are not available.", "Washing hands with soap and water is the best way to get rid of germs in most situations. If soap and water are not readily available, you can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. You can tell if the sanitizer contains at least 60% alcohol by looking at the product label.", "Caution! Swallowing alcohol-based hand sanitizers can cause alcohol poisoning if more than a couple of mouthfuls are swallowed. Keep it out of reach of young children and supervise their use.", "Rub the gel over all the surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry. This should take around 20 seconds.", "CDC’s Life is Better with Clean Hands campaign encourages adults to make handwashing part of their everyday life and encourages parents to wash their hands to set a good example for their kids. Visit the Life is Better with Clean Hands campaign page to download resources to help promote handwashing in your community.", "Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website." ] }, "parsed_md": "When and How to Wash Your Hands | Handwashing | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People\n\nHandwashing: Clean Hands Save Lives\n\n# When and How to Wash Your Hands\n\nEspañol (Spanish)\n\nminus icon\n\nAdditional Languages\n\n * Cuándo y cómo lavarse las manos\n * اپنے ہاتھوں کو کب اور کیسے دھوئیں\n * 何时以及如何洗手\n * Quando e como lavar as suas mãos\n * কখন এবং কীভাবে আপনার হাত ধোবেন\n * متى وكيف تغسل يديك\n * Quand et comment se laver les mains\n\nRelated Pages\n\nexclamation circle solid icon\n\nDuring the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, keeping hands clean is\nespecially important to help prevent the virus from spreading. Read more about\nhow to protect yourself and others.\n\nHandwashing is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your family from\ngetting sick. Learn when and how you should wash your hands to stay healthy.\n\n#### How Germs Spread\n\nWashing hands can keep you healthy and prevent the spread of respiratory and\ndiarrheal infections from one person to the next. Germs can spread from other\npeople or surfaces when you:\n\n * Touch your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands\n * Prepare or eat food and drinks with unwashed hands\n * Touch a contaminated surface or objects\n * Blow your nose, cough, or sneeze into hands and then touch other people’s hands or common objects\n\n#### Key Times to Wash Hands\n\nYou can help yourself and your loved ones stay healthy by washing your hands\noften, especially during these key times when you are likely to get and spread\ngerms:\n\n * Before, during, and after preparing food\n * Before and after eating food\n * Before and after caring for someone at home who is sick with vomiting or diarrhea\n * Before and after treating a cut or wound\n * After using the toilet\n * After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet\n * After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing\n * After touching an animal, animal feed, or animal waste\n * After handling pet food or pet treats\n * After touching garbage\n\nThe guidance for the list of key times to wash hands was developed based on\ndata from a number of studies. There can also be other times when it is\nimportant to wash hands.\n\nTo prevent the spread of germs during the COVID-19 pandemic, you should also\nwash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use a hand\nsanitizer with at least 60% alcohol to clean hands BEFORE and AFTER:\n\n * Touching your eyes, nose, or mouth\n * Touching your mask\n * Entering and leaving a public place\n * Touching an item or surface that may be frequently touched by other people, such as door handles, tables, gas pumps, shopping carts, or electronic cashier registers/screens\n\n#### Follow Five Steps to Wash Your Hands the Right Way\n\nWashing your hands is easy, and it’s one of the most effective ways to prevent\nthe spread of germs. Clean hands can stop germs from spreading from one person\nto another and throughout an entire community—from your home and workplace to\nchildcare facilities and hospitals.\n\nFollow these five steps every time.\n\n 1. Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap, and apply soap.\n\n 2. Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails.\n 3. Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need a timer? Hum the “Happy Birthday” song from beginning to end twice.\n 4. Rinse your hands well under clean, running water.\n 5. Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them.\n\nWhy? Read the science behind the recommendations.\n\n#### Use Hand Sanitizer When You Can’t Use Soap and Water\n\nYou can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol\nif soap and water are not available.\n\nWashing hands with soap and water is the best way to get rid of germs in most\nsituations. If soap and water are not readily available, you can use an\nalcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. You can tell\nif the sanitizer contains at least 60% alcohol by looking at the product\nlabel.\n\nSanitizers can quickly reduce the number of germs on hands in many situations.\nHowever,\n\n * Sanitizers do not get rid of all types of germs.\n * Hand sanitizers may not be as effective when hands are visibly dirty or greasy.\n * Hand sanitizers might not remove harmful chemicals from hands like pesticides and heavy metals.\n\nCaution! Swallowing alcohol-based hand sanitizers can cause alcohol poisoning\nif more than a couple of mouthfuls are swallowed. Keep it out of reach of\nyoung children and supervise their use.\n\n#### How to Use Hand Sanitizer\n\n * Apply the gel product to the palm of one hand (read the label to learn the correct amount).\n * Rub your hands together.\n * Rub the gel over all the surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry. This should take around 20 seconds.\n\n#### CDC’s Handwashing Campaign: Life is Better with Clean Hands\n\nCDC’s Life is Better with Clean Hands campaign encourages adults to make\nhandwashing part of their everyday life and encourages parents to wash their\nhands to set a good example for their kids. Visit the Life is Better with\nClean Hands campaign page to download resources to help promote handwashing in\nyour community.\n\nFor more information on handwashing, visit CDC’s Handwashing website or call\n1-800-CDC-INFO.\n\nMore Information\n\n * Frequent Questions About Hand Hygiene\n * Healthy Habits to Help Prevent Flu\n * Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings\n * Health Promotion Materials\n * Training and Education\n * Personal hygiene during an Emergency\n\nPage last reviewed: June 10, 2021\n\nContent source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\n\nHand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings\n\nSee CDC’s recommendations and resources for Hand Hygiene in Healthcare\nSettings\n\nemail_03Get Email Updates\n\nTo receive email updates about this topic, enter your email address:\n\nHAVE QUESTIONS?\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * CDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n * Español\n * 繁體中文\n * Tiếng Việt\n * 한국어\n * Tagalog\n * Русский\n * العربية\n * Kreyòl Ayisyen\n * Français\n * Polski\n * Português\n * Italiano\n * Deutsch\n * 日本語\n * فارسی\n * English\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12452873", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190829221708/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12452873", "parsed_text": { "title": "Tea tree oil reduces histamine-induced skin inflammation.", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Tea tree oil reduces histamine-induced skin inflammation. - PubMed - NCBI\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.healcure.org:80/navel/button-belly-piercing/infected-belly-button-piercing-signs-bump-treatment-pictures-ring/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170725213045/http://www.healcure.org:80/navel/button-belly-piercing/infected-belly-button-piercing-signs-bump-treatment-pictures-ring/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Infected Belly Button Piercing Signs, Treat Bump, Pictures, Ring, How to Clean, Heal, Cure Navel Piercing Infection", "passages": [ "Do you have an infected belly button piercing? What are some of the signs and symptoms you expect to have? Lear more on infected navel piercing including causes, symptoms, care tips, cleaning, healing or how to treat belly button piercing infection as well as see some photos.", "A navel piercing also known as belly button piercing can add charm to your belly button especially if you have a toned flat stomach you want to show off. However, if these piercings are not taken good care of, they could get infections and be troublesome. This does not apply to new piercing only since there are many cases of infected belly piercings after 6 months or even after years of completely healing.", "The location of the navel, being in a dark and damp place, infections can be common especially if your navel is very deep. You expect to sweet as well as various substances to be deposited on you navel piercing. Despite all these, the infected navel piercing rate is fairly high i.e. in American, navel piercing is the most common accounting for about 33%. “Unfortunately, 31% of them have complications, 15.2% needed outpatient consultation, and 0.9% were even hospitalized for treatment” [howshealth.com].", "In terms of risks, navel piercing is the next most risky piercing after the eye as the navel piercing hole can be a gateway for infections reaching your abdominal cavities. As steadyhealth.com reports, “It is risky because needles used to pierce the skin can spread infections” because the ring will always touch your clothing.", "Furthermore, there are inherent risks of injuries, belly button piercing scars, keloid formation, piercing rejection, stretch from weight gain or pregnancy, among other minor discomforts.", "The most common causes of pierced navel infections include bacteria and allergic reactions. Fungi, yeast, and other pathogenic microorganism can also cause infections. These pathogens will tend to thrive if you create a favorable environment such as not clean your piercing regularly, touching it with dirty hands, poor personal hygiene, injuries, unsterilized piercing equipment, wrong piercing jewelry (in terms of size or material that cause allergies), among other things.", "On average, a pierced belly button will take between 9 months to a year or even up to two years to heal completely. During this healing time, especially during the first few weeks, due diligence needs to be taken to avoid getting infection. Follow the provided after care routine religiously and you will not have any of the problems, risks and dangers associated with this piercing type.", "When your pierced belly button gets an infection, you will expect some signs and symptoms. Depending on the cause of your infection, you will experience a number of signs and symptoms. Some of the common signs of infected belly piercing include:", "These are not the only signs of infected navel piercing. The moment you notice anything abnormal or causing discomfort on your pierced belly button, find out what could be behind the discomfort.", "Note that swelling, tenderness, aching, mild bleeding and redness might be normal for new piercings. However, they should last for the first few days after you have had your procedure.", "To strengthen our case on signs and symptoms, we have include a few infected belly button piercing pictures in this article. This images, photos or pictures are meant to further help you identify if you truly have an infection or not.", "If you are pregnant and you have a navel piercing, you can still wear it until your 5^th or 6^th month of pregnancy. After that, you need to remove it. Alternatively, the moment you see your stomach skin beginning to stretch much due to your pregnancy, you should consider removing the piercing.", "Once you give birth, do not start wearing it after you postpartum. Give yourself a couple of months before you can begin having it again.", "Furthermore, you can also have a belly button piercing infection during pregnancy. Ensure you get early treatment since some medications cannot be taken while you are pregnant. In case you have an infected navel while pregnant, seek for medical advice from your doctor before taking any of the medications that might be available to avoid dangerous side effects.", "In this part, we are going to discuss the various ways to treat an infected belly piercing. They will include treatments, home remedies as well as medications to heal an infected belly button piecing. Ignoring an infected piercing can cause sepsis where the infection spreads to your blood. So what to do you do or how do you get rid of belly button piercing infections?", "The first way to heal a navel piercing infection is to use saline solution which you can prepare at home by adding a half a teaspoon of sea salt to a cup of warm water. This solutions can then be used in cleaning the infected piercing. Salt soak will be able to fight minor infections at their initial stages as well as stop new infections.", "The second popular way to treat an infected belly piercing is by using prescribed antibiotics. This means you have to see a doctor first for prescription. The doctor will be in the best position to advice you on which oral antibiotics or tropical antibiotics you can use. Tropical antibiotic creams commonly used include polymyxin B, bacitracin or Mupirocin.", "Oral antibiotics are often recommended in instance when the infection has spread beyond the piercing site and it is caused by bacteria. It is always a good idea to first see a doctor because at times, you could be thinking it is an infection yet it could be a navel or belly button piercing rejection.", "If your navel piercing aches badly or causes a lot of pain, you can get a few non-prescribed medication (OTC) to help ease the pain as you continue with the treatment process. Try Acetaminophen, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as Naproxen and Ibuprofen. Aspirin being a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug will also be helpful.", "In case your infected belly button ring is bruised and swollen, apply a cold pack wrapped in a towel. Applying an ice directly on your navel can damage tissues. This will help reduce the bruising and swelling.", "Besides treatments, you can try some of the good belly button piercing home remedies. One of such home remedy you should try is applying warm compresses. Using a clean pierce of cloth, apply warm compresses on the infected area. Do this for about 5 minutes, several times a day. This will ensure proper drainage and fasten infected navel piercing healing process and it will increase blood flow to the navel.", "Tee tree oil, emu oil and lavender oil have natural healing agents you should give a try. You can apply a few drops of these oils especially after you have cleaned your piercing. This will ensure your navel piercing gets cured fast. Zinc, vitamin C and D will also speed up the healing process.", "To reduce chances of getting an infected belly button piercing abscess – “is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body” [Wikipedia] due to the piercing closing, do not remove your infected belly ring piercing. You can only remove it upon recommendation by a professional health care or piercer especially when they notices that the belly button piercing infection is spreading or severe.", "Going on with this discussion on how to treat an infected navel piercing, there is a big temptation of using over the counter antibiotic ointments on your piercing. Desist from using ointments since they tend to clog the piercing, as well as trap bacteria that might be causing the infection on to the piercing.", "When this happens, infected navel piercing healing process slows down and the infection might worsen or begin spreading to nearby areas. However, according to webmd.com, the “use of an antibiotic ointment has not been shown to affect healing.”", "As you are treating an infected navel piercing, you might end up with a rash on your piercing. This could be due to an allergic reaction either to the piercing or the cleaning agent you are using. The belly piercing rash might also be itchy. Stop using the cleansers you are using and ensure you are not allergic to the navel piercing ring you currently have.", "Sometimes you might end up with navel piercing bumps or bubbles. This is a sign on an infection and you need to treat them. There are many treatments that include applying aspirin, warm saline compresses, applying chamomile teabags, piercing solutions, and the use of tea tree oil.", "Our experience and feedback from our readers has shown that most people tend to get best and quick results with tea tree oil followed by the saline (sea salt + water) compresses. Piercing solutions have also been found helpful in getting rid of infected belly piercing bumps.", "We have looked at infected navel piercing treatments you could give a try. Most infection will disappear if you try some of these treatments. However, you also need to know how to clean an infected belly piercing and properly care for it. This will speed up the healing process and ensure there are no chances of reinfection or the spreading of the infection to areas around the piercing.", "To clean an infected belly piercing, get your cleaning solution such as piercing solution, saline solution or even an antibacterial soap and cotton swabs, balls or Q-tip. Dip your cotton swabs or balls into cleaning solution and gently begin clean the area around your piercing, removing all discharge and debris that might have begun building up.", "When you are done with cleaning, you should rotate your navel piercing about 3-4 times. Do this 3 to 4 times a day. Avoid over cleaning since it can slow down healing process.", "It is advisable to also clean your piercing when taking a warm shower too. Use antibacterial soaps since they can help in fighting infections. However, you need to avoid perfumed soaps since they can easily irritate your piercing.", "We have looked at symptoms, treatments, and how to clean an infected nave piercing. It is time look at some of the good care tips that can ensure you heal quickly.", "Ensure you loosely bandage your piercing site and wear loose clothing to avoid injuring your already infected belly piercing ring. This will minimize chances of injuries that can cause bleeding.", "Your cleanser choice is important if you do now want to irritate the piercing site. For instance, red bumps on the piercing site, you should switch to milder cleansers as it could be causing the irritation.", "Sometimes, the above navel or belly button piercing infection treatments and home remedies may not yield desired results or the infection might worsen. In such a case, you need to see a professional health care personnel. Furthermore, see a doctor immediately if you have a badly swollen navel, excessive pain, navel piercing infection bleeding or excessive discharge.", "Applying pressure to the bleeding navel piercing is often recommended if it is caused by a minor injury. However, if it is a more serious case of bleeding, you need to see a doctor after first aid. A doctor will examine you and prescribe medications that will easily clear away the infection. He or she should also be able to advice you if you need to remove the infected belly rings.", "I hope with this lengthy discussion, you now know how to fix an infected belly button piercing hole as well as how to know if your belly button piercing is infected or not.", "Mine is only swollen underneath the skin of where u can’t see the ring,it’s painful .. It’s been six months now since it’s pierced... I’m worried!", "I have a keloid cost in the middle of my naval peicing It is not painful. I cleaned it and the bubble started to Bleed bad, they is now red flesh Coming out of the hole. Do I keep my bar out, or leave it in and hope it will heal. Please help me." ] }, "parsed_md": "Infected Belly Button Piercing Signs, Treat Bump, Pictures, Ring, How to\nClean, Heal, Cure Navel Piercing Infection\n\nSaturday , July 22 2017\n\n * About Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Copyright Protection\n * Disclaimer\n * Contact Us\n * Sitemap\n\n## Heal Cure\n\nHome > Navel > Button Belly Piercing > Navel Belly Button Piercing Infection\nSymptoms How to Treat and Clean\n\n# Navel Belly Button Piercing Infection Symptoms How to Treat and Clean\n\nButton Belly Piercing\n\nDo you have an infected belly button piercing? What are some of the signs and\nsymptoms you expect to have? Lear more on infected navel piercing including\ncauses, symptoms, care tips, cleaning, healing or how to treat belly button\npiercing infection as well as see some photos.\n\nA navel piercing also known as belly button piercing can add charm to your\nbelly button especially if you have a toned flat stomach you want to show off.\nHowever, if these piercings are not taken good care of, they could get\ninfections and be troublesome. This does not apply to new piercing only since\nthere are many cases of infected belly piercings after 6 months or even after\nyears of completely healing.\n\n## Infected navel piercing rate, risks and dangers\n\nContents\n\n * Infected navel piercing rate, risks and dangers\n * Is my belly button piercing infected? What caused it?\n * Signs of infected belly button piercing or infected nave piercing symptoms\n * Infected belly button piercing pictures, Images and photos\n * Belly piercing infection during pregnancy or while pregnant\n * How to treat an infected belly button piercing or navel piercing, cure, heal\n\n * 1\\. Sea salt soak (use of saline solution)\n * 2\\. Use oral antibiotics\n * 3\\. Pain relieving medications\n * 4\\. Apply cold pack\n * 5\\. Warm compresses\n * 6\\. Tea tree oil, lavender or emu oil\n * 7\\. Do not remove infected belly ring\n * 8\\. Avoid using any ointments\n * 9\\. Allergic reactions\n * Infected belly button piercing bubble and bumps\n * How to cleaning how to clean an infected belly piercing\n * Care tips for an infected navel or belly piercing\n * When to see a doctor\n\nInfected Belly Button Piercing\n\nThe location of the navel, being in a dark and damp place, infections can be\ncommon especially if your navel is very deep. You expect to sweet as well as\nvarious substances to be deposited on you navel piercing. Despite all these,\nthe infected navel piercing rate is fairly high i.e. in American, navel\npiercing is the most common accounting for about 33%. “Unfortunately, 31% of\nthem have complications, 15.2% needed outpatient consultation, and 0.9% were\neven hospitalized for treatment” [howshealth.com].\n\nIn terms of risks, navel piercing is the next most risky piercing after the\neye as the navel piercing hole can be a gateway for infections reaching your\nabdominal cavities. As steadyhealth.com reports, “It is risky because needles\nused to pierce the skin can spread infections” because the ring will always\ntouch your clothing.\n\nFurthermore, there are inherent risks of injuries, belly button piercing\nscars, keloid formation, piercing rejection, stretch from weight gain or\npregnancy, among other minor discomforts.\n\n## Is my belly button piercing infected? What caused it?\n\nThe most common causes of pierced navel infections include bacteria and\nallergic reactions. Fungi, yeast, and other pathogenic microorganism can also\ncause infections. These pathogens will tend to thrive if you create a\nfavorable environment such as not clean your piercing regularly, touching it\nwith dirty hands, poor personal hygiene, injuries, unsterilized piercing\nequipment, wrong piercing jewelry (in terms of size or material that cause\nallergies), among other things.\n\nOn average, a pierced belly button will take between 9 months to a year or\neven up to two years to heal completely. During this healing time, especially\nduring the first few weeks, due diligence needs to be taken to avoid getting\ninfection. Follow the provided after care routine religiously and you will not\nhave any of the problems, risks and dangers associated with this piercing\ntype.\n\n## Signs of infected belly button piercing or infected nave piercing symptoms\n\nWhen your pierced belly button gets an infection, you will expect some signs\nand symptoms. Depending on the cause of your infection, you will experience a\nnumber of signs and symptoms. Some of the common signs of infected belly\npiercing include:\n\n * Tender, red and swollen navel piercing\n * Discharge and pus oozing out especially yellowish or greenish pus (cellulitis) that can have a foul smell\n * Abscess formation if your piercing has poor drainage\n * Presence of bumps and bubbles\n * Skin discoloration if the infection goes to a more advanced stage\n * Bleeding in some cases\n * Aching, throbbing pain and hot feeling when you touch the area\n * Itchy rashes around the piercing site\n * An enlarged belly button piercing hole\n * Fever, stomach upsets, vomiting, and dizziness\n\nThese are not the only signs of infected navel piercing. The moment you notice\nanything abnormal or causing discomfort on your pierced belly button, find out\nwhat could be behind the discomfort.\n\nNote that swelling, tenderness, aching, mild bleeding and redness might be\nnormal for new piercings. However, they should last for the first few days\nafter you have had your procedure.\n\n## Infected belly button piercing pictures, Images and photos\n\nTo strengthen our case on signs and symptoms, we have include a few infected\nbelly button piercing pictures in this article. This images, photos or\npictures are meant to further help you identify if you truly have an infection\nor not.\n\nDischarge from navel piercing\n\nThese photos should be important in helping you visualize how an infected\nbelly piercing does look like.\n\n## Belly piercing infection during pregnancy or while pregnant\n\nIf you are pregnant and you have a navel piercing, you can still wear it until\nyour 5^th or 6^th month of pregnancy. After that, you need to remove it.\nAlternatively, the moment you see your stomach skin beginning to stretch much\ndue to your pregnancy, you should consider removing the piercing.\n\nCan navel piercing scar affect you during pregnancy\n\nOnce you give birth, do not start wearing it after you postpartum. Give\nyourself a couple of months before you can begin having it again.\n\nFurthermore, you can also have a belly button piercing infection during\npregnancy. Ensure you get early treatment since some medications cannot be\ntaken while you are pregnant. In case you have an infected navel while\npregnant, seek for medical advice from your doctor before taking any of the\nmedications that might be available to avoid dangerous side effects.\n\n## How to treat an infected belly button piercing or navel piercing, cure,\nheal\n\nIn this part, we are going to discuss the various ways to treat an infected\nbelly piercing. They will include treatments, home remedies as well as\nmedications to heal an infected belly button piecing. Ignoring an infected\npiercing can cause sepsis where the infection spreads to your blood. So what\nto do you do or how do you get rid of belly button piercing infections?\n\n### 1\\. Sea salt soak (use of saline solution)\n\nThe first way to heal a navel piercing infection is to use saline solution\nwhich you can prepare at home by adding a half a teaspoon of sea salt to a cup\nof warm water. This solutions can then be used in cleaning the infected\npiercing. Salt soak will be able to fight minor infections at their initial\nstages as well as stop new infections.\n\n### 2\\. Use oral antibiotics\n\nThe second popular way to treat an infected belly piercing is by using\nprescribed antibiotics. This means you have to see a doctor first for\nprescription. The doctor will be in the best position to advice you on which\noral antibiotics or tropical antibiotics you can use. Tropical antibiotic\ncreams commonly used include polymyxin B, bacitracin or Mupirocin.\n\nOral antibiotics are often recommended in instance when the infection has\nspread beyond the piercing site and it is caused by bacteria. It is always a\ngood idea to first see a doctor because at times, you could be thinking it is\nan infection yet it could be a navel or belly button piercing rejection.\n\n### 3\\. Pain relieving medications\n\nIf your navel piercing aches badly or causes a lot of pain, you can get a few\nnon-prescribed medication (OTC) to help ease the pain as you continue with the\ntreatment process. Try Acetaminophen, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs\nsuch as Naproxen and Ibuprofen. Aspirin being a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory\ndrug will also be helpful.\n\n### 4\\. Apply cold pack\n\nIn case your infected belly button ring is bruised and swollen, apply a cold\npack wrapped in a towel. Applying an ice directly on your navel can damage\ntissues. This will help reduce the bruising and swelling.\n\n### 5\\. Warm compresses\n\nBesides treatments, you can try some of the good belly button piercing home\nremedies. One of such home remedy you should try is applying warm compresses.\nUsing a clean pierce of cloth, apply warm compresses on the infected area. Do\nthis for about 5 minutes, several times a day. This will ensure proper\ndrainage and fasten infected navel piercing healing process and it will\nincrease blood flow to the navel.\n\n### 6\\. Tea tree oil, lavender or emu oil\n\nTee tree oil, emu oil and lavender oil have natural healing agents you should\ngive a try. You can apply a few drops of these oils especially after you have\ncleaned your piercing. This will ensure your navel piercing gets cured fast.\nZinc, vitamin C and D will also speed up the healing process.\n\n### 7\\. Do not remove infected belly ring\n\nTo reduce chances of getting an infected belly button piercing abscess – “is a\ncollection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body” [Wikipedia]\ndue to the piercing closing, do not remove your infected belly ring piercing.\nYou can only remove it upon recommendation by a professional health care or\npiercer especially when they notices that the belly button piercing infection\nis spreading or severe.\n\n### 8\\. Avoid using any ointments\n\nGoing on with this discussion on how to treat an infected navel piercing,\nthere is a big temptation of using over the counter antibiotic ointments on\nyour piercing. Desist from using ointments since they tend to clog the\npiercing, as well as trap bacteria that might be causing the infection on to\nthe piercing.\n\nWhen this happens, infected navel piercing healing process slows down and the\ninfection might worsen or begin spreading to nearby areas. However, according\nto webmd.com, the “use of an antibiotic ointment has not been shown to affect\nhealing.”\n\n### 9\\. Allergic reactions\n\nAs you are treating an infected navel piercing, you might end up with a rash\non your piercing. This could be due to an allergic reaction either to the\npiercing or the cleaning agent you are using. The belly piercing rash might\nalso be itchy. Stop using the cleansers you are using and ensure you are not\nallergic to the navel piercing ring you currently have.\n\n## Infected belly button piercing bubble and bumps\n\nSometimes you might end up with navel piercing bumps or bubbles. This is a\nsign on an infection and you need to treat them. There are many treatments\nthat include applying aspirin, warm saline compresses, applying chamomile\nteabags, piercing solutions, and the use of tea tree oil.\n\nBubble or bump\n\nOur experience and feedback from our readers has shown that most people tend\nto get best and quick results with tea tree oil followed by the saline (sea\nsalt + water) compresses. Piercing solutions have also been found helpful in\ngetting rid of infected belly piercing bumps.\n\n## How to cleaning how to clean an infected belly piercing\n\nWe have looked at infected navel piercing treatments you could give a try.\nMost infection will disappear if you try some of these treatments. However,\nyou also need to know how to clean an infected belly piercing and properly\ncare for it. This will speed up the healing process and ensure there are no\nchances of reinfection or the spreading of the infection to areas around the\npiercing.\n\nTo clean an infected belly piercing, get your cleaning solution such as\npiercing solution, saline solution or even an antibacterial soap and cotton\nswabs, balls or Q-tip. Dip your cotton swabs or balls into cleaning solution\nand gently begin clean the area around your piercing, removing all discharge\nand debris that might have begun building up.\n\nWhen you are done with cleaning, you should rotate your navel piercing about\n3-4 times. Do this 3 to 4 times a day. Avoid over cleaning since it can slow\ndown healing process.\n\nIt is advisable to also clean your piercing when taking a warm shower too. Use\nantibacterial soaps since they can help in fighting infections. However, you\nneed to avoid perfumed soaps since they can easily irritate your piercing.\n\n## Care tips for an infected navel or belly piercing\n\nWe have looked at symptoms, treatments, and how to clean an infected nave\npiercing. It is time look at some of the good care tips that can ensure you\nheal quickly.\n\n * Ensure you loosely bandage your piercing site and wear loose clothing to avoid injuring your already infected belly piercing ring. This will minimize chances of injuries that can cause bleeding.\n * Your cleanser choice is important if you do now want to irritate the piercing site. For instance, red bumps on the piercing site, you should switch to milder cleansers as it could be causing the irritation.\n * Always use gold and titanium jewelry and avoid nickel since it often cause allergic reactions.\n * Do not use a towel in cleaning to avoid the ring getting stuck in the towel.\n * Avoid using rubbing alcohol or hydrogen peroxide since it can cause crusting and skin dryness.\n * Always sleep with your back to avoid your clothing from sticking to or touching your infected piercing.\n\n## When to see a doctor\n\nSometimes, the above navel or belly button piercing infection treatments and\nhome remedies may not yield desired results or the infection might worsen. In\nsuch a case, you need to see a professional health care personnel.\nFurthermore, see a doctor immediately if you have a badly swollen navel,\nexcessive pain, navel piercing infection bleeding or excessive discharge.\n\nApplying pressure to the bleeding navel piercing is often recommended if it is\ncaused by a minor injury. However, if it is a more serious case of bleeding,\nyou need to see a doctor after first aid. A doctor will examine you and\nprescribe medications that will easily clear away the infection. He or she\nshould also be able to advice you if you need to remove the infected belly\nrings.\n\nI hope with this lengthy discussion, you now know how to fix an infected belly\nbutton piercing hole as well as how to know if your belly button piercing is\ninfected or not.\n\n###### Further recommended reading\n\n * Piercing infection care, cleaning, treatment, signs and symptoms to expect\n * Infected septum piercing symptoms, pictures, bump care and treatments\n * Infected industrial piercing signs, pictures and how to treat industrial piercing infection\n * Tongue piercing infection pictures, treatment & how to tell you have an infection\n * Cartilage piercing infection causes, signs, bump, how to treat an clean a cartilage piercing infection\n * Tragus piercing pain level and does tragus piercing hurt more?\n * Infected tragus piercing signs, bump, risks and how to treat tragus piercing infection\n * Ear piercing infection symptoms, treatments on baby, old, cleaning and pictures\n * Infected lip piercing causes, signs, pictures, treatment and care\n\n###### Sources and references\n\n * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abscess\n * http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/body-piercing-problems-home-treatment\n * http://www.steadyhealth.com/articles/Belly_Button_Piercings__Pros_And_Cons_a364.html\n * http://howshealth.com/belly-button-pictures-piercing-hernia-infections-healing/\n\nShare\n\n * tweet\n\n### About Vladmir Kucherov\n\nPrevious Chin Acne Causes, Painful, Hormonal, Around under Chin & Treatments\n\nNext Piercing Infection Care, Cleaning, Treatment, Signs and Symptoms\n\n### Related Articles\n\n### Belly Button Piercing Pain Level or How Bad Do Belly Button Piercings Hurt\n\n### 6 comments\n\n 1. Dakota Hawkins\n\nMay 21, 2016 at 4:30 am\n\nThanks ... This helped me alot\n\nReply\n\n 2. katelyn\n\nJul 24, 2016 at 5:36 am\n\nHelped alot\n\nReply\n\n * Kay\n\nApr 11, 2017 at 2:09 am\n\nIm just wondering how long does it take\n\nReply\n\n 3. Rose\n\nFeb 17, 2017 at 8:55 am\n\nMine is only swollen underneath the skin of where u can’t see the ring,it’s\npainful .. It’s been six months now since it’s pierced... I’m worried!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Barbara\n\nMay 14, 2017 at 3:10 pm\n\nI have a keloid cost in the middle of my naval peicing It is not painful. I\ncleaned it and the bubble started to Bleed bad, they is now red flesh Coming\nout of the hole. Do I keep my bar out, or leave it in and hope it will heal.\nPlease help me.\n\nReply\n\n * Victoria Hritsko\n\nJun 9, 2017 at 7:57 am\n\nMine is doing the same thing!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Trending Posts\n\n * ### Dry Skin around Eyes Causes, Remedies, Treatments for Very Dry, Red, Sore, Itchy Skin near Eyes\n\n * ### Why Are My Eyelashes Falling Out, Loss Causes, How to Stop, Regrow Eyelashes\n\n * ### Infected Industrial Piercing Signs, Pictures and How to Treat It\n\n * ### Itchy Tattoo Causes, Allergy, Infections, Cancer, After Years Relief and Removal of Itching Tattoos\n\n * ### Tongue Bleeding Causes, After Brushing, Biting Tongue, No Reason and How to Stop It\n\n#### Find us on Facebook\n\nhealcure.org ©Copyright 2017, All Rights Reserved\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2995283/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210819171250/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2995283/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future", "passages": [ "Chamomile is one of the most ancient medicinal herbs known to mankind. It is a member of Asteraceae/Compositae family and represented by two common varieties viz. German Chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) and Roman Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). The dried flowers of chamomile contain many terpenoids and flavonoids contributing to its medicinal properties. Chamomile preparations are commonly used for many human ailments such as hay fever, inflammation, muscle spasms, menstrual disorders, insomnia, ulcers, wounds, gastrointestinal disorders, rheumatic pain, and hemorrhoids. Essential oils of chamomile are used extensively in cosmetics and aromatherapy. Many different preparations of chamomile have been developed, the most popular of which is in the form of herbal tea consumed more than one million cups per day. In this review we describe the use of chamomile in traditional medicine with regard to evaluating its curative and preventive properties, highlight recent findings for its development as a therapeutic agent promoting human health.", "The interplay of plants and human health has been documented for thousands of years (1–3). Herbs have been integral to both traditional and non-traditional forms of medicine dating back at least 5000 years (2, 4–6). The enduring popularity of herbal medicines may be explained by the tendency of herbs to work slowly, usually with minimal toxic side effects. One of the most common herbs used for medicinal purposes is chamomile whose standardized tea and herbal extracts are prepared from dried flowers of Matricaria species. Chamomile is one of the oldest, most widely used and well documented medicinal plants in the world and has been recommended for a variety of healing applications (7). Chamomile is a native of the old World and is a member of the daisy family (Asteraceae or Compositae). The hollow, bright gold cones of the flowers are packed with disc or tubular florets and are ringed with about fifteen white ray or ligulate florets, widely represented by two known varieties viz. German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) (8) . In this review we will discuss the use and possible merits of chamomile, examining its historical use and recent scientific and clinical evaluations of its potential use in the management of various human ailments.", "Different classes of bioactive constituents are present in chamomile, which have been isolated and used as medicinal preparations and cosmetics (9). The plant contains 0.24%–1.9% volatile oil, composed of a variety of separate oils. When exposed to steam distillation, the oil ranges in color from brilliant blue to deep green when fresh but turns to dark yellow after storage. Despite fading, the oil does not lose its potency. Approximately 120 secondary metabolites have been identified in chamomile, including 28 terpenoids and 36 flavonoids (10, 11). The principal components of the essential oil extracted from the German chamomile flowers are the terpenoids α-bisabolol and its oxide azulenes including chamazulene and acetylene derivatives. Chamazulene and bisabolol are very unstable and are best preserved in an alcoholic tincture. The essential oil of Roman chamomile contains less chamazulene and is mainly constituted from esters of angelic acid and tiglic acid. It also contains farnesene and α-pinene. Roman chamomile contains up to 0.6% of sesquiterpene lactones of the germacranolide type, mainly nobilin and 3-epinobilin. Both α-bisabolol, bisabolol oxides A and B and chamazulene or azulenesse, farnesene and spiro-ether quiterpene lactones, glycosides, hydroxycoumarins, flavanoids (apigenin, luteolin, patuletin, and quercetin), coumarins (herniarin and umbelliferone), terpenoids, and mucilage are considered to be the major bio-active ingredients (12, 13). Other major constituents of the flowers include several phenolic compounds, primarily the flavonoids apigenin, quercetin, patuletin as glucosides and various acetylated derivatives. Among flavonoids, apigenin is the most promising compound. It is present in very small quantities as free apigenin, but predominantly exists in the form of various glycosides (14–18).", "Chamomile is known to be used in various forms of its preparations. Dry powder of chamomile flower is recommended and used by many people for traditionally established health problems. Medicinal ingredients are normally extracted from the dry flowers of chamomile by using water, ethanol or methanol as solvents and corresponding extracts are known as aqueous, ethanolic (alcoholic) and/or methanolic extracts. Optimum chamomile extracts contain about 50 percent alcohol. Normally standardized extracts contain 1.2% of apigenin which is one of the most effective bioactive agents. Aqueous extracts, such as in the form of tea, contain quite low concentrations of free apigenin but include high levels of apigenin-7-O-glucoside. Oral infusion of chamomile is recommended by the German Commission E (19, 20).Chamomile tea is one of the world’s most popular herbal teas and about a million cups are consumed every day. Tea bags of chamomile are also available in the market, containing chamomile flower powder, either pure or blended with other popular medicinal herbs. Chamomile tincture may also be prepared as one part chamomile flower in four parts of water having 12% grain alcohol, which is used to correct summer diarrhea in children and also used with purgatives to prevent cramping. Chamomile flowers are extensively used alone, or combined with crushed poppy-heads, as a poultice or hot foment for inflammatory pain or congestive neuralgia, and in cases of external swelling, such as facial swelling associated with underlying infection or abscess. Chamomile whole plant is used for making herb beers, and also for a lotion, for external application in toothache, earache, neuralgia and in cases of external swelling (20). It is also known to be used as bath additive, recommended for soothing ano-genital inflammation (21). The tea infusion is used as a wash or gargle for inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat (22, 23). Inhalation of the vaporized essential oils derived from chamomile flowers is recommended to relieve anxiety, general depression. Chamomile oil is a popular ingredient of aromatherapy and hair care (24, 25). Roman chamomile is widely used in cosmetic preparations and in soothing and softening effect on the skin (26, 27).", "Traditionally, chamomile has been used for centuries as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, mild astringent and healing medicine (28). As a traditional medicine, it is used to treat wounds, ulcers, eczema, gout, skin irritations, bruises, burns, canker sores, neuralgia, sciatica, rheumatic pain, hemorrhoids, mastitis and other ailments (29, 30). Externally, chamomile has been used to treat diaper rash, cracked nipples, chicken pox, ear and eye infections, disorders of the eyes including blocked tear ducts, conjunctivitis, nasal inflammation and poison ivy (31, 32). Chamomile is widely used to treat inflammations of the skin and mucous membranes, and for various bacterial infections of the skin, oral cavity and gums, and respiratory tract. Chamomile in the form of an aqueous extract has been frequently used as a mild sedative to calm nerves and reduce anxiety, to treat hysteria, nightmares, insomnia and other sleep problems (33). Chamomile has been valued as a digestive relaxant and has been used to treat various gastrointestinal disturbances including flatulence, indigestion, diarrhea, anorexia, motion sickness, nausea, and vomiting (34, 35). Chamomile has also been used to treat colic, croup, and fevers in children (36). It has been used as an emmenagogue and a uterine tonic in women. It is also effective in arthritis, back pain, bedsores and stomach cramps.", "The flowers of chamomile contain 1–2% volatile oils including alpha-bisabolol, alpha-bisabolol oxides A & B, and matricin (usually converted to chamazulene and other flavonoids which possess anti-inflammatory and antiphlogistic properties (12, 19, 35, 36). A study in human volunteers demonstrated that chamomile flavonoids and essential oils penetrate below the skin surface into the deeper skin layers (37). This is important for their use as topical antiphlogistic (anti-inflammatory) agents. One of chamomile’s anti- inflammatory activities involve the inhibition of LPS-induced prostaglandin E(2) release and attenuation of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) enzyme activity without affecting the constitutive form, COX-1 (38).", "Most evaluations of tumor growth inhibition by chamomile involve studies with apigenin which is one of the bioactive constituents of chamomile. Studies on preclinical models of skin, prostate, breast and ovarian cancer have shown promising growth inhibitory effects (39–43). In a recently conducted study, chamomile extracts were shown to cause minimal growth inhibitory effects on normal cells, but showed significant reductions in cell viability in various human cancer cell lines. Chamomile exposure induced apoptosis in cancer cells but not in normal cells at similar doses (18). The efficacy of the novel agent TBS-101, a mixture of seven standardized botanical extracts including chamomile has been recently tested. The results confirm it to have a good safety profile with significant anticancer activities against androgen- refractory human prostrate cancer PC-3 cells, both in vitro and in vivo situation (44).", "Common cold (acute viral nasopharyngitis) is the most common human disease. It is a mild viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory system. Typically common cold is not life-threatening, although its complications (such as pneumonia) can lead to death, if not properly treated. Studies indicate that inhaling steam with chamomile extract has been helpful in common cold symptoms (45); however, further research is needed to confirm these findings.", "It has been suggested that regular use of flavonoids consumed in food may reduce the risk of death from coronary heart disease in elderly men (46). A study assessed the flavonoid intake of 805 men aged 65–84 years who were followed up for 5 years. Flavonoid intake (analyzed in tertiles) was significantly inversely associated with mortality from coronary heart disease and showed an inverse relation with incidence of myocardial infarction. In another study (47), on twelve patients with cardiac disease who underwent cardiac catheterization, hemodynamic measurements obtained prior to and 30 minutes after the oral ingestion of chamomile tea exhibited a small but significant increase in the mean brachial artery pressure. No other significant hemodynamic changes were observed after chamomile consumption. Ten of the twelve patients fell into a deep sleep shortly after drinking the beverage. A large, well-designed randomized controlled trial is needed to assess the potential value of chamomile in improving cardiac health.", "An apple pectin-chamomile extract may help shorten the course of diarrhea in children as well as relieve symptoms associated with the condition (47). Two clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of chamomile for the treatment of colic in children. Chamomile tea was combined with other herbs (German chamomile, vervain, licorice, fennel, balm mint) for administration. In a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 68 healthy term infants who had colic (2 to 8 weeks old) received either herbal tea or placebo (glucose, flavoring). Each infant was offered treatment with every bout of colic, up to 150 mL/dose, no more than three times a day. After 7 days of treatment, parents reported that the tea eliminated the colic in 57% of the infants, whereas placebo was helpful in only 26% (P<0.01). No adverse effects with regard to the number of nighttime awakenings were noted in either group (48). Another study examined the effects of a chamomile extract and apple pectin preparation in 79 children (age 0.5–5.5 y) with acute, non-complicated diarrhea who received either the chamomile/pectin preparation (n = 39) or a placebo (n = 40) for 3 days. Diarrhea ended sooner in children treated with chamomile and pectin (85%), than in the placebo group (58%) (49). These results provide evidence that chamomile can be used safely to treat infant colic disorders.", "Topical applications of chamomile have been shown to be moderately effective in the treatment of atopic eczema (50). It was found to be about 60% as effective as 0.25% hydrocortisone cream (51). Roman chamomile of the Manzana type (Kamillosan (R)) may ease discomfort associated with eczema when applied as a cream containing chamomile extract. The Manzana type of chamomile is rich in active ingredients and does not exhibit chamomile-related allergenic potential. In a partially double-blind, randomized study carried out as a half-side comparison, Kamillosan(R) cream was compared with 0.5% hydrocortisone cream and a placebo consisting only of vehicle cream in patients suffering from medium-degree atopic eczema (52). After 2 weeks of treatment, Kamillosan(R) cream showed a slight superiority over 0.5% hydrocortisone and a marginal difference as compared to placebo. Further research is needed to evaluate the usefulness of topical chamomile in managing eczema.", "Chamomile is used traditionally for numerous gastrointestinal conditions, including digestive disorders, \"spasm\" or colic, upset stomach, flatulence (gas), ulcers, and gastrointestinal irritation (53). Chamomile is especially helpful in dispelling gas, soothing the stomach, and relaxing the muscles that move food through the intestines. The protective effect of a commercial preparation (STW5, Iberogast), containing the extracts of bitter candy tuft, lemon balm leaf, chamomile flower, caraway fruit, peppermint leaf, liquorice root, Angelica root, milk thistle fruit and greater celandine herb, against the development of gastric ulcers has been previously reported (54). STW5 extracts produced a dose dependent anti-ulcerogenic effect associated with a reduced acid output, an increased mucin secretion, an increase in prostaglandin E (2) release and a decrease in leukotrienes. The results obtained demonstrated that STW5 not only lowered gastric acidity as effectively as a commercial antacid, but was more effective in inhibiting secondary hyperacidity (54).", "Studies suggest that chamomile ointment may improve hemorrhoids. Tinctures of chamomile can also be used in a sitz bath format. Tincture of Roman chamomile may reduce inflammation associated with hemorrhoids (55, 56).", "It has been claimed that consumption of chamomile tea boosts the immune system and helps fight infections associated with colds. The health promoting benefits of chamomile was assessed in a study which involved fourteen volunteers who each drank five cups of the herbal tea daily for two consecutive weeks. Daily urine samples were taken and tested throughout the study, both before and after drinking chamomile tea. Drinking chamomile was associated with a significant increase in urinary levels of hippurate and glycine, which have been associated with increased antibacterial activity (57). In another study, chamomile relieved hypertensive symptoms and decreased the systolic blood pressure significantly, increasing urinary output (58). Additional studies are needed before a more definitive link between chamomile and its alleged health benefits can be established.", "Inflammation is associated with many gastrointestinal disorders complaints, such as esophageal reflux, diverticular disease, and inflammatory disease (59–61). Studies in preclinical models suggest that chamomile inhibits Helicobacter pylori, the bacteria that can contribute to stomach ulcers (60). Chamomile is believed to be helpful in reducing smooth muscle spasms associated with various gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders. Chamomile is often used to treat mild skin irritations, including sunburn, rashes, sores and even eye inflammations (62–65) but its value in treating these conditions has not been shown with evidence-based research.", "Mouth ulcers are a common condition with a variety of etiologies (66). Stomatitis is a major dose-limiting toxicity from bolus 5-fluorouracil-based (5-FU) chemotherapy regimens. A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial including 164 patients was conducted (22). Patients were entered into the study at the time of their first cycle of 5-FU-based chemotherapy and were randomized to receive a chamomile or placebo mouthwash thrice daily for 14 days. There was no suggestion of any stomatitis difference between patients randomized to either protocol arm. There was also no suggestion of toxicity. Similar results were obtained with another prospective trial on chamomile in this situation. Data obtained from these clinical trials did not support the pre study hypothesis that chamomile could decrease 5-FU-induced stomatitis. The results remain unclear if chamomile is helpful in this situation.", "Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease resulting from low bone mass (osteopenia) due to excessive bone resorption. Sufferers are prone to bone fractures from relatively minor trauma. Agents which include selective estrogen receptor modulators or SERMs, biphosphonates, calcitonin are frequently used to prevent bone loss. To prevent bone loss that occurs with increasing age, chamomile extract was evaluated for its ability to stimulate the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic cells. Chamomile extract was shown to stimulate osteoblastic cell differentiation and to exhibit an anti-estrogenic effect, suggesting an estrogen receptor-related mechanism (67). However, further studies are needed before it can be considered for clinical use.", "Traditionally, chamomile preparations such as tea and essential oil aromatherapy have been used to treat insomnia and to induce sedation (calming effects). Chamomile is widely regarded as a mild tranquillizer and sleep- inducer. Sedative effects may be due to the flavonoid, apigenin that binds to benzodiazepine receptors in the brain (68). Studies in preclinical models have shown anticonvulsant and CNS depressant effects respectively. Clinical trials are notable for their absence, although ten cardiac patients are reported to have immediately fallen into a deep sleep lasting for 90 minutes after drinking chamomile tea (47). Chamomile extracts exhibit benzodiazepine-like hypnotic activity (69). In another study, inhalation of the vapor of chamomile oil reduced a stress-induced increase in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels. Diazepam, co-administered with the chamomile oil vapor, further reduced ACTH levels, while flumazenile, a BDZ antagonist blocked the effect of chamomile oil vapor on ACTH. According to Paladini et al. (70), the separation index (ratio between the maximal anxiolytic dose and the minimal sedative dose) for diazepam is 3 while for apigenin it is 10. Compounds, other than apigenin, present in extracts of chamomile can also bind BDZ and GABA receptors in the brain and might be responsible for some sedative effect; however, many of these compounds are as yet unidentified.", "Chamomile has been reported in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). But the reports seem contradictory as an earlier report suggests that German chamomile showed significant inhibition of GAD activity (71). The recent results from the controlled clinical trial on chamomile extract for GAD suggests that it may have modest anxiolytic activity in patients with mild to moderate GAD (72). Extracts of chamomile (M. recutita) possess suitable effects on seizure induced by picrotoxin (73). Furthermore, apigenin has been shown to reduce the latency in the onset of picrotoxin-induced convulsions and reduction in locomotor activity but did not demonstrate any anxiolytic, myorelaxant, or anticonvulsant activities (16).", "Studies suggest that chamomile ameliorates hyperglycemia and diabetic complications by suppressing blood sugar levels, increasing liver glycogen storage and inhibition of sorbitol in the human erythrocytes (74). The pharmacological activity of chamomile extract has shown to be independent of insulin secretion (75), and studies further reveal its protective effect on pancreatic beta cells in diminishing hyperglycemia-related oxidative stress (76). Additional studies are required to evaluate the usefulness of chamomile in managing diabetes.", "The efficacy of lubrication of the endo-tracheal tube cuff with chamomile before intubation on postoperative sore throat and hoarseness was determined in a randomized double-blind study. 161 patients whose American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status was I or II, and undergoing elective surgical, orthopedic, gynecological or urological surgeries were divided in two groups. The study group received 10 puffs of chamomile extract (Kamillosan M spray, total 370 mg of Chamomile extract) at the site of the cuff of the endotracheal tube for lubrication, while the control group did not receive any lubrication before intubations. Standard general anesthesia with tracheal intubations was given in both groups. 41 out of 81 patients (50.6%) in the chamomile group reported no postoperative sore throat in the post-anesthesia care unit compared with 45 out of 80 patients (56.3%) in the control group. Postoperative sore throat and hoarseness both in the post-anesthesia care unit and at 24 h post-operation were not statistically different. Lubrication of endo-tracheal tube cuff with chamomile extract spray before intubations can not prevent post operative sore throat and hoarseness (77). Similar results were obtained in another double blind study (78).", "Vaginal inflammation is common in women of all ages. Vaginitis is associated with itching, vaginal discharge, or pain with urination. Atrophic vaginitis most commonly occurs in menopausal and postmenopausal women, and its occurrence is often associated with reduced levels of estrogen. Chamomile douche may improve symptoms of vaginitis with few side effects (79). There is insufficient research data to allow conclusions concerning possible potential benefits of chamomile for this condition.", "The efficacy of topical use of chamomile to enhance wound healing was evaluated in a double-blind trial on 14 patients who underwent dermabrasion of tattoos. The effects on drying and epithelialization were observed, and chamomile was judged to be statistically efficacious in producing wound drying and in speeding epithelialization (80). Antimicrobial activity of the extract against various microorganisms was also assessed. The test group, on day 15, exhibited a greater reduction in the wound area when compared with the controls (61 % versus 48%), faster epithelialization and a significantly higher wound-breaking strength. In addition, wet and dry granulation tissue weight and hydroxyproline content were significantly higher. The increased rate of wound contraction, together with the increased wound-breaking strength, hydroxyproline content and histological observations, support the use of M. recutita in wound management (81). Recent studies suggest that chamomile caused complete wound healing faster than corticosteroids (82). However, further studies are needed before it can be considered for clinical use.", "Essential oils obtained from Roman chamomile are the basic ingredients of aromatherapy. Clinical trials of aromatherapy in cancer patients have shown no statistically significant differences between treated and untreated patients (83). Another pilot study investigated the effects of aromatherapy massage on the anxiety and self-esteem experience in Korean elderly women. A quasi- experimental, control group, pretest-posttest design used 36 elderly females: 16 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. Aromatherapy massage using lavender, chamomile, rosemary, and lemon was given to the experimental group only. Each massage session lasted 20 min, and was performed 3 times per week for two 3-week periods with an intervening 1-week break. The intervention produced significant differences in the anxiety and self-esteem. These results suggest that aromatherapy massage exerts positive effects on anxiety and self- esteem (84–86). However, more objective, clinical measures should be applied in a future study with a randomized placebo-controlled design.", "A relatively low percentage of people are sensitive to chamomile and develop allergic reactions (87). People sensitive to ragweed and chrysanthemums or other members of the Compositae family are more prone to develop contact allergies to chamomile, especially if they take other drugs that help to trigger the sensitization. A large-scale clinical trial was conducted in Hamburg, Germany, between 1985 and 1991 to study the development of contact dermatitis secondary to exposure to a mixture of components derived from the Compositae family. Twelve species of the Compositae family, including German chamomile, were selected and tested individually when the mixture induced allergic reactions. During the study, 3,851 individuals were tested using a patch with the plant extract (88). Of these patients, 118 (3.1%) experienced an allergic reaction. Further tests revealed that feverfew elicited the most allergic reactions (70.1% of patients) followed by chrysanthemums (63.6%) and tansy (60.8%). Chamomile fell in the middle range (56.5%). A study involving 686 subjects exposed either to a sesquiterpene lactone mixture or a mixture of Compositae extracts led to allergic reactions in 4.5% of subjects (89). In another study it was shown that eye washing with chamomile tea in hay fever patients who have conjunctivitis exacerbates the eye inflammation, whereas no worsening of eye inflammation was noted when chamomile tea was ingested orally (90). Chamomile is listed on the FDA's GRAS (generally recognized as safe) list. It is possible that some reports of allergic reactions to chamomile may be due to contamination of chamomile by \"dog chamomile,\" a highly allergenic and bad-tasting plant of similar appearance. Evidence of cross-reactivity of chamomile with other drugs is not well documented, and further study of this issue is needed prior to reaching conclusions. Safety in young children, pregnant or nursing women, or those with liver or kidney disease has not been established, although there have not been any credible reports of toxicity caused by this common beverage tea.", "Chamomile has been used as an herbal medication since ancient times, is still popular today and probably will continue to be used in the future because it contains various bioactive phytochemicals that could provide therapeutic effects. Chamomile can help in improving cardiovascular conditions, stimulate immune system and provide some protection against cancer. Establishing whether or not therapeutic effects of chamomile are beneficial to patients will require research and generation of scientific evidence. There is a need for continued efforts that focuses on pre-clinical studies with chamomile involving animal models of various diseases. This may then be consequently validated in clinical trials that will help in developing chamomile as a promising therapeutic agent. 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[PubMed] [Google Scholar]" ] }, "parsed_md": "Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future\n\n * NCBI\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to navigation\n * Resources\n * How To\n * About NCBI Accesskeys\n\nMy NCBISign in to NCBISign Out\n\n# PMC\n\nUS National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health\n\n * Advanced\n * Journal list\n * Help\n\nTry out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Learn More.\n\n * Journal List\n * HHS Author Manuscripts\n * PMC2995283\n\nMol Med Report. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 Feb 1.\n\nPublished in final edited form as:\n\nMol Med Report. 2010 Nov 1; 3(6): 895–901.\n\ndoi: 10.3892/mmr.2010.377\n\nPMCID: PMC2995283\n\nNIHMSID: NIHMS250193\n\nPMID: 21132119\n\n# Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with bright future\n\nJanmejai K Srivastava,^1,^2,^* Eswar Shankar,^1,^2 and Sanjay Gupta^1,^2,^3\n\n### Janmejai K Srivastava\n\n^1Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\n^2Department of Urology & Nutrition, University Hospitals Case Medical Center,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\nFind articles by Janmejai K Srivastava\n\n### Eswar Shankar\n\n^1Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\n^2Department of Urology & Nutrition, University Hospitals Case Medical Center,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\nFind articles by Eswar Shankar\n\n### Sanjay Gupta\n\n^1Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\n^2Department of Urology & Nutrition, University Hospitals Case Medical Center,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\n^3Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\nFind articles by Sanjay Gupta\n\nAuthor information Copyright and License information Disclaimer\n\n^1Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\n^2Department of Urology & Nutrition, University Hospitals Case Medical Center,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\n^3Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center,\nCleveland, Ohio 44106\n\nCorrespondence to: Sanjay Gupta, Ph.D., Department of Urology, Case Western\nReserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, Phone: (216)\n368 6162; Fax: (216) 368 0213; ude.esac@atpug.yajnas\n\n^*Current address: Amity Institute of Biotechnology (Mango Orchard Campus),\nAmity University, Lucknow Campus, Viraj Khand 5, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, India\n\nCopyright notice\n\nThe publisher's final edited version of this article is available at Mol Med\nReport\n\nSee other articles in PMC that cite the published article.\n\n## Abstract\n\nChamomile is one of the most ancient medicinal herbs known to mankind. It is a\nmember of Asteraceae/Compositae family and represented by two common varieties\nviz. German Chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) and Roman Chamomile (Chamaemelum\nnobile). The dried flowers of chamomile contain many terpenoids and flavonoids\ncontributing to its medicinal properties. Chamomile preparations are commonly\nused for many human ailments such as hay fever, inflammation, muscle spasms,\nmenstrual disorders, insomnia, ulcers, wounds, gastrointestinal disorders,\nrheumatic pain, and hemorrhoids. Essential oils of chamomile are used\nextensively in cosmetics and aromatherapy. Many different preparations of\nchamomile have been developed, the most popular of which is in the form of\nherbal tea consumed more than one million cups per day. In this review we\ndescribe the use of chamomile in traditional medicine with regard to\nevaluating its curative and preventive properties, highlight recent findings\nfor its development as a therapeutic agent promoting human health.\n\nKeywords: chamomile, dietary agents, flavonoids, polyphenols, human health\n\n## 1\\. INTRODUCTION\n\nThe interplay of plants and human health has been documented for thousands of\nyears (1–3). Herbs have been integral to both traditional and non-traditional\nforms of medicine dating back at least 5000 years (2, 4–6). The enduring\npopularity of herbal medicines may be explained by the tendency of herbs to\nwork slowly, usually with minimal toxic side effects. One of the most common\nherbs used for medicinal purposes is chamomile whose standardized tea and\nherbal extracts are prepared from dried flowers of Matricaria species.\nChamomile is one of the oldest, most widely used and well documented medicinal\nplants in the world and has been recommended for a variety of healing\napplications (7). Chamomile is a native of the old World and is a member of\nthe daisy family (Asteraceae or Compositae). The hollow, bright gold cones of\nthe flowers are packed with disc or tubular florets and are ringed with about\nfifteen white ray or ligulate florets, widely represented by two known\nvarieties viz. German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and Roman chamomile\n(Chamaemelum nobile) (8) . In this review we will discuss the use and possible\nmerits of chamomile, examining its historical use and recent scientific and\nclinical evaluations of its potential use in the management of various human\nailments.\n\n## 2\\. BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS OF CHAMOMILE\n\nDifferent classes of bioactive constituents are present in chamomile, which\nhave been isolated and used as medicinal preparations and cosmetics (9). The\nplant contains 0.24%–1.9% volatile oil, composed of a variety of separate\noils. When exposed to steam distillation, the oil ranges in color from\nbrilliant blue to deep green when fresh but turns to dark yellow after\nstorage. Despite fading, the oil does not lose its potency. Approximately 120\nsecondary metabolites have been identified in chamomile, including 28\nterpenoids and 36 flavonoids (10, 11). The principal components of the\nessential oil extracted from the German chamomile flowers are the terpenoids\nα-bisabolol and its oxide azulenes including chamazulene and acetylene\nderivatives. Chamazulene and bisabolol are very unstable and are best\npreserved in an alcoholic tincture. The essential oil of Roman chamomile\ncontains less chamazulene and is mainly constituted from esters of angelic\nacid and tiglic acid. It also contains farnesene and α-pinene. Roman chamomile\ncontains up to 0.6% of sesquiterpene lactones of the germacranolide type,\nmainly nobilin and 3-epinobilin. Both α-bisabolol, bisabolol oxides A and B\nand chamazulene or azulenesse, farnesene and spiro-ether quiterpene lactones,\nglycosides, hydroxycoumarins, flavanoids (apigenin, luteolin, patuletin, and\nquercetin), coumarins (herniarin and umbelliferone), terpenoids, and mucilage\nare considered to be the major bio-active ingredients (12, 13). Other major\nconstituents of the flowers include several phenolic compounds, primarily the\nflavonoids apigenin, quercetin, patuletin as glucosides and various acetylated\nderivatives. Among flavonoids, apigenin is the most promising compound. It is\npresent in very small quantities as free apigenin, but predominantly exists in\nthe form of various glycosides (14–18).\n\n## 3\\. HEALTHCARE PREPRATIONS OF CHAMOMILE\n\nChamomile is known to be used in various forms of its preparations. Dry powder\nof chamomile flower is recommended and used by many people for traditionally\nestablished health problems. Medicinal ingredients are normally extracted from\nthe dry flowers of chamomile by using water, ethanol or methanol as solvents\nand corresponding extracts are known as aqueous, ethanolic (alcoholic) and/or\nmethanolic extracts. Optimum chamomile extracts contain about 50 percent\nalcohol. Normally standardized extracts contain 1.2% of apigenin which is one\nof the most effective bioactive agents. Aqueous extracts, such as in the form\nof tea, contain quite low concentrations of free apigenin but include high\nlevels of apigenin-7-O-glucoside. Oral infusion of chamomile is recommended by\nthe German Commission E (19, 20).Chamomile tea is one of the world’s most\npopular herbal teas and about a million cups are consumed every day. Tea bags\nof chamomile are also available in the market, containing chamomile flower\npowder, either pure or blended with other popular medicinal herbs. Chamomile\ntincture may also be prepared as one part chamomile flower in four parts of\nwater having 12% grain alcohol, which is used to correct summer diarrhea in\nchildren and also used with purgatives to prevent cramping. Chamomile flowers\nare extensively used alone, or combined with crushed poppy-heads, as a\npoultice or hot foment for inflammatory pain or congestive neuralgia, and in\ncases of external swelling, such as facial swelling associated with underlying\ninfection or abscess. Chamomile whole plant is used for making herb beers, and\nalso for a lotion, for external application in toothache, earache, neuralgia\nand in cases of external swelling (20). It is also known to be used as bath\nadditive, recommended for soothing ano-genital inflammation (21). The tea\ninfusion is used as a wash or gargle for inflammation of the mucous membranes\nof the mouth and throat (22, 23). Inhalation of the vaporized essential oils\nderived from chamomile flowers is recommended to relieve anxiety, general\ndepression. Chamomile oil is a popular ingredient of aromatherapy and hair\ncare (24, 25). Roman chamomile is widely used in cosmetic preparations and in\nsoothing and softening effect on the skin (26, 27).\n\n## 4\\. TRADITIONAL USE OF CHAMOMILE\n\nTraditionally, chamomile has been used for centuries as an anti-inflammatory,\nantioxidant, mild astringent and healing medicine (28). As a traditional\nmedicine, it is used to treat wounds, ulcers, eczema, gout, skin irritations,\nbruises, burns, canker sores, neuralgia, sciatica, rheumatic pain,\nhemorrhoids, mastitis and other ailments (29, 30). Externally, chamomile has\nbeen used to treat diaper rash, cracked nipples, chicken pox, ear and eye\ninfections, disorders of the eyes including blocked tear ducts,\nconjunctivitis, nasal inflammation and poison ivy (31, 32). Chamomile is\nwidely used to treat inflammations of the skin and mucous membranes, and for\nvarious bacterial infections of the skin, oral cavity and gums, and\nrespiratory tract. Chamomile in the form of an aqueous extract has been\nfrequently used as a mild sedative to calm nerves and reduce anxiety, to treat\nhysteria, nightmares, insomnia and other sleep problems (33). Chamomile has\nbeen valued as a digestive relaxant and has been used to treat various\ngastrointestinal disturbances including flatulence, indigestion, diarrhea,\nanorexia, motion sickness, nausea, and vomiting (34, 35). Chamomile has also\nbeen used to treat colic, croup, and fevers in children (36). It has been used\nas an emmenagogue and a uterine tonic in women. It is also effective in\narthritis, back pain, bedsores and stomach cramps.\n\n## 5\\. SCIENTIFIC EVALUATION OF CHAMOMILE\n\n### 5.1 Anti-inflammatory and antiphlogistic properties\n\nThe flowers of chamomile contain 1–2% volatile oils including alpha-bisabolol,\nalpha-bisabolol oxides A & B, and matricin (usually converted to chamazulene\nand other flavonoids which possess anti-inflammatory and antiphlogistic\nproperties (12, 19, 35, 36). A study in human volunteers demonstrated that\nchamomile flavonoids and essential oils penetrate below the skin surface into\nthe deeper skin layers (37). This is important for their use as topical\nantiphlogistic (anti-inflammatory) agents. One of chamomile’s anti-\ninflammatory activities involve the inhibition of LPS-induced prostaglandin\nE(2) release and attenuation of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) enzyme activity without\naffecting the constitutive form, COX-1 (38).\n\n### 5.2 Anticancer activity\n\nMost evaluations of tumor growth inhibition by chamomile involve studies with\napigenin which is one of the bioactive constituents of chamomile. Studies on\npreclinical models of skin, prostate, breast and ovarian cancer have shown\npromising growth inhibitory effects (39–43). In a recently conducted study,\nchamomile extracts were shown to cause minimal growth inhibitory effects on\nnormal cells, but showed significant reductions in cell viability in various\nhuman cancer cell lines. Chamomile exposure induced apoptosis in cancer cells\nbut not in normal cells at similar doses (18). The efficacy of the novel agent\nTBS-101, a mixture of seven standardized botanical extracts including\nchamomile has been recently tested. The results confirm it to have a good\nsafety profile with significant anticancer activities against androgen-\nrefractory human prostrate cancer PC-3 cells, both in vitro and in vivo\nsituation (44).\n\n### 5.3 Common cold\n\nCommon cold (acute viral nasopharyngitis) is the most common human disease. It\nis a mild viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory system. Typically\ncommon cold is not life-threatening, although its complications (such as\npneumonia) can lead to death, if not properly treated. Studies indicate that\ninhaling steam with chamomile extract has been helpful in common cold symptoms\n(45); however, further research is needed to confirm these findings.\n\n### 5.4 Cardiovascular conditions\n\nIt has been suggested that regular use of flavonoids consumed in food may\nreduce the risk of death from coronary heart disease in elderly men (46). A\nstudy assessed the flavonoid intake of 805 men aged 65–84 years who were\nfollowed up for 5 years. Flavonoid intake (analyzed in tertiles) was\nsignificantly inversely associated with mortality from coronary heart disease\nand showed an inverse relation with incidence of myocardial infarction. In\nanother study (47), on twelve patients with cardiac disease who underwent\ncardiac catheterization, hemodynamic measurements obtained prior to and 30\nminutes after the oral ingestion of chamomile tea exhibited a small but\nsignificant increase in the mean brachial artery pressure. No other\nsignificant hemodynamic changes were observed after chamomile consumption. Ten\nof the twelve patients fell into a deep sleep shortly after drinking the\nbeverage. A large, well-designed randomized controlled trial is needed to\nassess the potential value of chamomile in improving cardiac health.\n\n### 5.5 Colic/Diarrhea conditions\n\nAn apple pectin-chamomile extract may help shorten the course of diarrhea in\nchildren as well as relieve symptoms associated with the condition (47). Two\nclinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of chamomile for the treatment of\ncolic in children. Chamomile tea was combined with other herbs (German\nchamomile, vervain, licorice, fennel, balm mint) for administration. In a\nprospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 68 healthy\nterm infants who had colic (2 to 8 weeks old) received either herbal tea or\nplacebo (glucose, flavoring). Each infant was offered treatment with every\nbout of colic, up to 150 mL/dose, no more than three times a day. After 7 days\nof treatment, parents reported that the tea eliminated the colic in 57% of the\ninfants, whereas placebo was helpful in only 26% (P<0.01). No adverse effects\nwith regard to the number of nighttime awakenings were noted in either group\n(48). Another study examined the effects of a chamomile extract and apple\npectin preparation in 79 children (age 0.5–5.5 y) with acute, non-complicated\ndiarrhea who received either the chamomile/pectin preparation (n = 39) or a\nplacebo (n = 40) for 3 days. Diarrhea ended sooner in children treated with\nchamomile and pectin (85%), than in the placebo group (58%) (49). These\nresults provide evidence that chamomile can be used safely to treat infant\ncolic disorders.\n\n### 5.6 Eczema\n\nTopical applications of chamomile have been shown to be moderately effective\nin the treatment of atopic eczema (50). It was found to be about 60% as\neffective as 0.25% hydrocortisone cream (51). Roman chamomile of the Manzana\ntype (Kamillosan (R)) may ease discomfort associated with eczema when applied\nas a cream containing chamomile extract. The Manzana type of chamomile is rich\nin active ingredients and does not exhibit chamomile-related allergenic\npotential. In a partially double-blind, randomized study carried out as a\nhalf-side comparison, Kamillosan(R) cream was compared with 0.5%\nhydrocortisone cream and a placebo consisting only of vehicle cream in\npatients suffering from medium-degree atopic eczema (52). After 2 weeks of\ntreatment, Kamillosan(R) cream showed a slight superiority over 0.5%\nhydrocortisone and a marginal difference as compared to placebo. Further\nresearch is needed to evaluate the usefulness of topical chamomile in managing\neczema.\n\n### 5.7 Gastrointestinal conditions\n\nChamomile is used traditionally for numerous gastrointestinal conditions,\nincluding digestive disorders, \"spasm\" or colic, upset stomach, flatulence\n(gas), ulcers, and gastrointestinal irritation (53). Chamomile is especially\nhelpful in dispelling gas, soothing the stomach, and relaxing the muscles that\nmove food through the intestines. The protective effect of a commercial\npreparation (STW5, Iberogast), containing the extracts of bitter candy tuft,\nlemon balm leaf, chamomile flower, caraway fruit, peppermint leaf, liquorice\nroot, Angelica root, milk thistle fruit and greater celandine herb, against\nthe development of gastric ulcers has been previously reported (54). STW5\nextracts produced a dose dependent anti-ulcerogenic effect associated with a\nreduced acid output, an increased mucin secretion, an increase in\nprostaglandin E (2) release and a decrease in leukotrienes. The results\nobtained demonstrated that STW5 not only lowered gastric acidity as\neffectively as a commercial antacid, but was more effective in inhibiting\nsecondary hyperacidity (54).\n\n### 5.8 Hemorrhoids\n\nStudies suggest that chamomile ointment may improve hemorrhoids. Tinctures of\nchamomile can also be used in a sitz bath format. Tincture of Roman chamomile\nmay reduce inflammation associated with hemorrhoids (55, 56).\n\n### 5.9 Health Promotion\n\nIt has been claimed that consumption of chamomile tea boosts the immune system\nand helps fight infections associated with colds. The health promoting\nbenefits of chamomile was assessed in a study which involved fourteen\nvolunteers who each drank five cups of the herbal tea daily for two\nconsecutive weeks. Daily urine samples were taken and tested throughout the\nstudy, both before and after drinking chamomile tea. Drinking chamomile was\nassociated with a significant increase in urinary levels of hippurate and\nglycine, which have been associated with increased antibacterial activity\n(57). In another study, chamomile relieved hypertensive symptoms and decreased\nthe systolic blood pressure significantly, increasing urinary output (58).\nAdditional studies are needed before a more definitive link between chamomile\nand its alleged health benefits can be established.\n\n### 5.10 Inflammatory conditions\n\nInflammation is associated with many gastrointestinal disorders complaints,\nsuch as esophageal reflux, diverticular disease, and inflammatory disease\n(59–61). Studies in preclinical models suggest that chamomile inhibits\nHelicobacter pylori, the bacteria that can contribute to stomach ulcers (60).\nChamomile is believed to be helpful in reducing smooth muscle spasms\nassociated with various gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders. Chamomile is\noften used to treat mild skin irritations, including sunburn, rashes, sores\nand even eye inflammations (62–65) but its value in treating these conditions\nhas not been shown with evidence-based research.\n\n### 5.11 Mucositis\n\nMouth ulcers are a common condition with a variety of etiologies (66).\nStomatitis is a major dose-limiting toxicity from bolus 5-fluorouracil-based\n(5-FU) chemotherapy regimens. A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical\ntrial including 164 patients was conducted (22). Patients were entered into\nthe study at the time of their first cycle of 5-FU-based chemotherapy and were\nrandomized to receive a chamomile or placebo mouthwash thrice daily for 14\ndays. There was no suggestion of any stomatitis difference between patients\nrandomized to either protocol arm. There was also no suggestion of toxicity.\nSimilar results were obtained with another prospective trial on chamomile in\nthis situation. Data obtained from these clinical trials did not support the\npre study hypothesis that chamomile could decrease 5-FU-induced stomatitis.\nThe results remain unclear if chamomile is helpful in this situation.\n\n### 5.12 Osteoporosis\n\nOsteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease resulting from low bone mass\n(osteopenia) due to excessive bone resorption. Sufferers are prone to bone\nfractures from relatively minor trauma. Agents which include selective\nestrogen receptor modulators or SERMs, biphosphonates, calcitonin are\nfrequently used to prevent bone loss. To prevent bone loss that occurs with\nincreasing age, chamomile extract was evaluated for its ability to stimulate\nthe differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic cells. Chamomile\nextract was shown to stimulate osteoblastic cell differentiation and to\nexhibit an anti-estrogenic effect, suggesting an estrogen receptor-related\nmechanism (67). However, further studies are needed before it can be\nconsidered for clinical use.\n\n### 5.13 Sleep aid/sedation\n\nTraditionally, chamomile preparations such as tea and essential oil\naromatherapy have been used to treat insomnia and to induce sedation (calming\neffects). Chamomile is widely regarded as a mild tranquillizer and sleep-\ninducer. Sedative effects may be due to the flavonoid, apigenin that binds to\nbenzodiazepine receptors in the brain (68). Studies in preclinical models have\nshown anticonvulsant and CNS depressant effects respectively. Clinical trials\nare notable for their absence, although ten cardiac patients are reported to\nhave immediately fallen into a deep sleep lasting for 90 minutes after\ndrinking chamomile tea (47). Chamomile extracts exhibit benzodiazepine-like\nhypnotic activity (69). In another study, inhalation of the vapor of chamomile\noil reduced a stress-induced increase in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone\n(ACTH) levels. Diazepam, co-administered with the chamomile oil vapor, further\nreduced ACTH levels, while flumazenile, a BDZ antagonist blocked the effect of\nchamomile oil vapor on ACTH. According to Paladini et al. (70), the separation\nindex (ratio between the maximal anxiolytic dose and the minimal sedative\ndose) for diazepam is 3 while for apigenin it is 10. Compounds, other than\napigenin, present in extracts of chamomile can also bind BDZ and GABA\nreceptors in the brain and might be responsible for some sedative effect;\nhowever, many of these compounds are as yet unidentified.\n\n### 5.14 Anxiety and seizure\n\nChamomile has been reported in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder\n(GAD). But the reports seem contradictory as an earlier report suggests that\nGerman chamomile showed significant inhibition of GAD activity (71). The\nrecent results from the controlled clinical trial on chamomile extract for GAD\nsuggests that it may have modest anxiolytic activity in patients with mild to\nmoderate GAD (72). Extracts of chamomile (M. recutita) possess suitable\neffects on seizure induced by picrotoxin (73). Furthermore, apigenin has been\nshown to reduce the latency in the onset of picrotoxin-induced convulsions and\nreduction in locomotor activity but did not demonstrate any anxiolytic,\nmyorelaxant, or anticonvulsant activities (16).\n\n### 5.15 Diabetes\n\nStudies suggest that chamomile ameliorates hyperglycemia and diabetic\ncomplications by suppressing blood sugar levels, increasing liver glycogen\nstorage and inhibition of sorbitol in the human erythrocytes (74). The\npharmacological activity of chamomile extract has shown to be independent of\ninsulin secretion (75), and studies further reveal its protective effect on\npancreatic beta cells in diminishing hyperglycemia-related oxidative stress\n(76). Additional studies are required to evaluate the usefulness of chamomile\nin managing diabetes.\n\n### 5.16 Sore throat/hoarseness\n\nThe efficacy of lubrication of the endo-tracheal tube cuff with chamomile\nbefore intubation on postoperative sore throat and hoarseness was determined\nin a randomized double-blind study. 161 patients whose American Society of\nAnesthesiologists (ASA) physical status was I or II, and undergoing elective\nsurgical, orthopedic, gynecological or urological surgeries were divided in\ntwo groups. The study group received 10 puffs of chamomile extract (Kamillosan\nM spray, total 370 mg of Chamomile extract) at the site of the cuff of the\nendotracheal tube for lubrication, while the control group did not receive any\nlubrication before intubations. Standard general anesthesia with tracheal\nintubations was given in both groups. 41 out of 81 patients (50.6%) in the\nchamomile group reported no postoperative sore throat in the post-anesthesia\ncare unit compared with 45 out of 80 patients (56.3%) in the control group.\nPostoperative sore throat and hoarseness both in the post-anesthesia care unit\nand at 24 h post-operation were not statistically different. Lubrication of\nendo-tracheal tube cuff with chamomile extract spray before intubations can\nnot prevent post operative sore throat and hoarseness (77). Similar results\nwere obtained in another double blind study (78).\n\n### 5.17 Vaginitis\n\nVaginal inflammation is common in women of all ages. Vaginitis is associated\nwith itching, vaginal discharge, or pain with urination. Atrophic vaginitis\nmost commonly occurs in menopausal and postmenopausal women, and its\noccurrence is often associated with reduced levels of estrogen. Chamomile\ndouche may improve symptoms of vaginitis with few side effects (79). There is\ninsufficient research data to allow conclusions concerning possible potential\nbenefits of chamomile for this condition.\n\n### 5.18 Wound healing\n\nThe efficacy of topical use of chamomile to enhance wound healing was\nevaluated in a double-blind trial on 14 patients who underwent dermabrasion of\ntattoos. The effects on drying and epithelialization were observed, and\nchamomile was judged to be statistically efficacious in producing wound drying\nand in speeding epithelialization (80). Antimicrobial activity of the extract\nagainst various microorganisms was also assessed. The test group, on day 15,\nexhibited a greater reduction in the wound area when compared with the\ncontrols (61 % versus 48%), faster epithelialization and a significantly\nhigher wound-breaking strength. In addition, wet and dry granulation tissue\nweight and hydroxyproline content were significantly higher. The increased\nrate of wound contraction, together with the increased wound-breaking\nstrength, hydroxyproline content and histological observations, support the\nuse of M. recutita in wound management (81). Recent studies suggest that\nchamomile caused complete wound healing faster than corticosteroids (82).\nHowever, further studies are needed before it can be considered for clinical\nuse.\n\n### 5.19 Quality-of-life in cancer patients\n\nEssential oils obtained from Roman chamomile are the basic ingredients of\naromatherapy. Clinical trials of aromatherapy in cancer patients have shown no\nstatistically significant differences between treated and untreated patients\n(83). Another pilot study investigated the effects of aromatherapy massage on\nthe anxiety and self-esteem experience in Korean elderly women. A quasi-\nexperimental, control group, pretest-posttest design used 36 elderly females:\n16 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. Aromatherapy massage\nusing lavender, chamomile, rosemary, and lemon was given to the experimental\ngroup only. Each massage session lasted 20 min, and was performed 3 times per\nweek for two 3-week periods with an intervening 1-week break. The intervention\nproduced significant differences in the anxiety and self-esteem. These results\nsuggest that aromatherapy massage exerts positive effects on anxiety and self-\nesteem (84–86). However, more objective, clinical measures should be applied\nin a future study with a randomized placebo-controlled design.\n\n## 6.0 CONTRAINDICATIONS AND SAFETY ISSUES WITH CHAMOMILE\n\nA relatively low percentage of people are sensitive to chamomile and develop\nallergic reactions (87). People sensitive to ragweed and chrysanthemums or\nother members of the Compositae family are more prone to develop contact\nallergies to chamomile, especially if they take other drugs that help to\ntrigger the sensitization. A large-scale clinical trial was conducted in\nHamburg, Germany, between 1985 and 1991 to study the development of contact\ndermatitis secondary to exposure to a mixture of components derived from the\nCompositae family. Twelve species of the Compositae family, including German\nchamomile, were selected and tested individually when the mixture induced\nallergic reactions. During the study, 3,851 individuals were tested using a\npatch with the plant extract (88). Of these patients, 118 (3.1%) experienced\nan allergic reaction. Further tests revealed that feverfew elicited the most\nallergic reactions (70.1% of patients) followed by chrysanthemums (63.6%) and\ntansy (60.8%). Chamomile fell in the middle range (56.5%). A study involving\n686 subjects exposed either to a sesquiterpene lactone mixture or a mixture of\nCompositae extracts led to allergic reactions in 4.5% of subjects (89). In\nanother study it was shown that eye washing with chamomile tea in hay fever\npatients who have conjunctivitis exacerbates the eye inflammation, whereas no\nworsening of eye inflammation was noted when chamomile tea was ingested orally\n(90). Chamomile is listed on the FDA's GRAS (generally recognized as safe)\nlist. It is possible that some reports of allergic reactions to chamomile may\nbe due to contamination of chamomile by \"dog chamomile,\" a highly allergenic\nand bad-tasting plant of similar appearance. Evidence of cross-reactivity of\nchamomile with other drugs is not well documented, and further study of this\nissue is needed prior to reaching conclusions. Safety in young children,\npregnant or nursing women, or those with liver or kidney disease has not been\nestablished, although there have not been any credible reports of toxicity\ncaused by this common beverage tea.\n\n## 7.0 CONCLUSIONS\n\nChamomile has been used as an herbal medication since ancient times, is still\npopular today and probably will continue to be used in the future because it\ncontains various bioactive phytochemicals that could provide therapeutic\neffects. Chamomile can help in improving cardiovascular conditions, stimulate\nimmune system and provide some protection against cancer. Establishing whether\nor not therapeutic effects of chamomile are beneficial to patients will\nrequire research and generation of scientific evidence. There is a need for\ncontinued efforts that focuses on pre-clinical studies with chamomile\ninvolving animal models of various diseases. This may then be consequently\nvalidated in clinical trials that will help in developing chamomile as a\npromising therapeutic agent. Without such evidence, it will remain unclear\nwhether these untested and unproven medical treatments are truly beneficial.\nIt is advisable that the discriminate and proper use of chamomile preparations\ncould be safe and provide therapeutic benefits however the indiscriminate or\nimproper use can be unsafe and harmful.\n\n## Acknowledgements\n\nThe original work from author’s laboratory outlined in this review was\nsupported by United States Public Health Service Grants RO1 AT002709 and RO1\nCA108512\n\n## Abbreviations\n\nACTH| Adrenocorticotropic hormone \n---|--- \nASA| American Society of Anesthesiologists \nBDZ| benzodiazepine \nCAM| Complementary and alternative medicine \nCOX| cyclooxygenase \n5-FU| 5-fluorouracil \nGABA| gamma-aminobutyric acid \nGAD| generalized anxiety disorder \nLPS| Lipopolysaccharide \nSERM| Selective estrogen receptor modulators \n \n## REFERENCES\n\n1\\. Newman DJ, Cragg GM, Snader KM. 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Please review our privacy policy.\n\nNLM\n\nNIH\n\nDHHS\n\nUSA.gov\n\nNational Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of\nMedicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA\n\nPolicies and Guidelines | Contact\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5198455/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210912075445/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5198455/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Antibacterial Effect of Aloe Vera Gel against Oral Pathogens: An In-vitro Study", "passages": [ "Natural herbal remedies have shown promising anti-microbial property and fewer side effects compared to synthetic anti-microbial therapy. Aloe Vera is a medicinal plant used for management of various infections since ancient times as it has anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and immune-boosting properties.", "The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-microbial and inhibitory activities of various concentration of Aloe Vera Gel (AVG) against oral pathogenic bacteria.", "Subgingival calculus and aspiration of periapical abscess and periodontal abscess was done in 20 patients and the sample transferred to thioglycolate broth, which was incubated in Mutans Sanguis agar, blood agar and cultured in anaerobic gas chamber. The colonies formed were identified further by gram staining methods and biochemical fermentation tests (IMViC). Each isolated colony of identified bacteria were cultured separately in Muller-Hilton broth and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Anti-microbial activity of the AVG was tested by the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by broth micro-dilution method.", "Various staining and biochemical tests confirmed that the sample contained Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), Clostridium bacilli (C. bacilli), Streptcoccus mutans (S. mutans) and Staphlococcus aureus (Staph. aureus). AVG showed anti-bacterial property at 100% and 50% concentration (‘t’ value = 7.504, p-value <0.001). At lower concentration there was no effect against the bacteria. At 100% AVG concentration, zone of inhibition measured was 6.9mm in A. actinomycetemcomitans, 6.3mm in C. bacilli, 6.8mm in S. mutans and 6.6mm in Staph. aureus. The standard drugs were also used to compare anti-bacterial property of AVG. Result showed that higher concentration (100%, 50%) of AVG has comparable zone of inhibition with Ofloxacin (5mcg) and Ciprofloxacin (30mcg).", "Oral diseases continue to be a major oral health problem and various oral microbes are associated with the development of various oral infections [1]. Anti-microbial therapy is the mainstay line of treatment to treat these infections but recently microbial resistance to the antibiotics has been well documented. This lead to the exploration of natural herbal remedies, which have fewer side effects, for the treatment of various oral diseases and infections [2].", "Aloe Vera belongs to Liliacea family which is a cactus-like plant that grows readily in hot, dry climates. Aloe barbadensis miller and Aloe aborescens are grown commercially. The parenchymatous cells, in the fresh leaves of Aloe Vera, secrete a colorless mucilaginous gel that contains 98-99% water and 1-2% active compounds like Aloesin, Aloin, Aloe-emodin, Aloe-mannan, Flavonoids, Saponin, Sterols, Amino acids and Vitamins. Free Anthroquinones and their derivatives like Barbaloin-IO-aloe emodin-9 anthrone, Isobarbaloin and chromones in Aloe Vera leaves exert a strong purgative effect and are potent anti-microbial agents [3].", "AVG had also been used in dentistry and showed good results. It had been used for treatment of recurrent oral ulceration, oral lichen planus, oral candidiasis, over extraction socket and as an endodontic medicament. Various dentrifices also contain AVG as its constituents because of its medicinal property [7–10].", "The aim of the study was to determine the antibacterial and inhibitory activities of various concentration of AVG against oral pathogenic bacteria.", "The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chattisgarh, India. Subgingival calculus was removed using a hand scaler from 20 patients, and then aspiration of periapical and periodontal abscess was done and contents were transferred to thioglycolate broth [Table/Fig-1]. This sample was incubated in Mutans Sanguis agar, blood agar at 37° C for 48 hours in anaerobic jar [Table/Fig-2]. The colonies formed were identified further by gram staining methods, specific culture test (cooked meat media, PDA agar) and biochemical fermentation tests [Indole Methylred Vogesprausker Citrate (IMViC-) utilization] [Table/Fig-3]. Each isolated colonies of identified bacteria’s were cultured separately in Muller-Hilton broth and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours.", "Preparation of the Extract: Mature fresh leaves of Aloe Vera were washed with fresh, water, their thick epidermis was removed and the solid mucilaginous gel was collected in a sterile container [Table/Fig-4]. A 10 ml of gel was mixed in 100ml of 2% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) and kept at 4°C. DMSO was used as a solvent as it has no anti-microbial effect of its own.", "Antibacterial property of AVG was detected using disc diffusion method and micro-dilution and agar dilution method was done to measure minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).", "Disc Diffusion Method: The clinical isolate were grown in Mueller-Hinton broth and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. A 0.1ml of the culture was then poured into sterile petri plate (n=10) and allowed to solidify. The wells were bored (in each plate) with 8mm borer in seeded agar in which 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5% of AVG extract was poured. After it normalized to room temperature, plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The zone of inhibition was measured and recorded. Optical density of the culture was adjusted to 0.1 with sterile Mueller-Hinton broth [Table/Fig-5a,b].", "Antibiotics [Ciprofloxacin (30mcg) and Ofloxacin (5mcg)] were also poured in different plates against same clinical isolates and zone of inhibition was measured for comparison with AVG [Table/Fig-6a,b].", "Minimum Inhibitory Concentration: It was done using micro-broth dilution method [2]. The highest dilution that yielded no single bacterial colony was taken as the MIC.", "Extracts were mixed with 2% DMSO to obtain various concent-rations of the stock i.e., 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%. Equal volume of the various concentration of each extract and Mueller Hinton broth were mixed in micro- tubes to make up 0.5ml of solution. The tubes were incubated anaerobically at 37°C for 24 hours. Later test dilution was sub-cultured on Mueller Hinton agar and further incubated for 24 hours to check the bacterial growth.", "The data were compiled in MS Office Excel. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21 software package (SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Chicago:SPSS Inc.). ANOVA test was performed for intra- and inter-group comparisons. Student ‘t’ test was also performed to compare between different concentration of Aloe Vera and results were measured as mean±SD. A p-value less than <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant and p<0.001; highly significant.", "The samples collected were analyzed by staining, specific media culture (cooked meat media, PDA agar) and biochemical tests. The result of which confirmed that it contains strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans, Clostridium bacilli, S. mutans and Steph. aureus [Table/Fig-7]. ANOVA test showed that degree of freedom between the groups of oral pathogens was 3 and within the groups of pathogens was 36 and results were statistically significant (p<0.001) [Table/Fig-8]. AVG showed antibacterial property at higher concentrations (100% and 50% concentration, p-value <0.001). At lower concentration (25%, 12.5%) there was no effect against the bacteria [Table/Fig-9]. The 2% DMSO which was used as a dilutent, showed no inhibitory activity on any of these bacteria.", "Concentration of AVG%| N| Mean ± SD| Comparison| ‘t’ value| p-value ---|---|---|---|---|--- 100%| 10| 6.88 ± 0.382| 100% vs 50%| 7.504| < 0.001** 50%| 10| 5.77 ± 0.241", "At 100% AVG concentration average zone of inhibition measured was 6.9mm in A. actinomycetemcomitans, 6.3mm in Clostridium bacilli, 6.8mm in S. mutans and 6.6mm in Staph aureus. Ciprofloxacin (30mcg) showed 7.4mm zone of inhibition against A. actinomycetemcomitans, 7.1 against Clostridium bacilli, 6.8mm and 7.3mm against S. mutans and Staph. aureus respectively. Ofloxacin (5mcg) showed 4.6, 4.8, 5.4, 5.1 zone of inhibition against A. actinomycetemcomitans, Clostridium bacilli, S. mutans and Staph. aureus respectively [Table/Fig-10].", "Concentration of AVG%| A. actinomycetemcomitans (N=10)| Clostridium bacilli (N=10)| S. mutans (N=10)| Staph. aureus (N=10) ---|---|---|---|--- 100%| 6.9mm| 6.3mm| 6.8mm| 6.6mm 50%| 5.8mm| 5.4mm| 5.6mm| 6.1mm 25%| Resistant| Resistant| Resistant| Resistant 12.50%| Resistant| Resistant| Resistant| Resistant Ciprofloxacin (30mcg)| 7.4mm| 7.1mm| 6.8mm| 7.3mm Ofloxacin (5mcg)| 4.6mm| 4.8mm| 5.4mm| 5.1mm DMSO| 0| 0| 0| 0", "MIC of AVG against A. actinomycetemcomitans, Clostridium bacilli, S. mutans and Staph. aureus was 25%, 25%, 12.5% and 12.5% respectively [Table/Fig-11].", "Oral microbial flora is a causative factor for most of the infectious oral diseases. Mostly the periodontal diseases are associated with anaerobic gram negative rods such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, Tannerella forsythus, Fusobacterium species. Antibiotic administration prior to any invasive dental procedure is recommended to prevent from bacteremia and endocarditis by S. mutans and other oral bacterial species [2,3].", "The main drawback of these anti-microbial agents is that it may have side effect of immediate hypersensitivity reactions, toxicity, tooth staining and some bacteria may show multi-drug resistance [2]. To overcome these drawbacks, various alternative sources are being searched for curing oral diseases. One among these is traditional herbal medicines. Many medicinal plants (fruit of amla, garlic bulbs, ginger, neem, tulsi) and their products are widely used for prevention and treatment of oral infections. These medicinal plants contain natural phytochemicals that have been considered as useful alternatives to synthetic drugs. Among them Aloe Vera is of particular interest and has been used therapeutically for a long time to treat many diseases [2]. Though studies related to its usage in dentistry is limited. So, we tried to check its anti-microbial effectiveness against oral pathogens.", "In the present study AVG was found to be effective against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Our results were comparable to the study by Bashir A et al., in which AVG was found to be 100% active against all gram negative isolates and 75.3% active against gram positive pathogens [5]. Irshad S et al., found that AVG is effective against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilius, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella epidermidis [11].", "By micro-broth dilution method, in the present study it was found that for AVG, MIC was 25% (A. actinomycetemcomitans, C. bacilli) and 12.5% (S. mutans, Staph. aureus) and effective zone of inhibition was found at concentration of 100% and 50%. A study reported that concentrations of more than 100mg of Aloe Vera per ml for S. flexneri and 25mg of Aloe Vera per ml for S. pyogenes were effective in growth inhibition of these organisms [12]. Researchers have reported that the ethanolic extract of Aloe Vera produces a larger zone of growth inhibition (29-30 mm) than the aqueous extract (3-4 mm) against organisms including Enterococcus bovis and Staph. aureus [13].", "Fani M et al., found that S. mutans was most sensitive to AVG with a MIC of 12.5%, while A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, and B. fragilis were less sensitive, with a MIC of 25-50% [2]. The results were consistent to our study where S. mutans and Staph. aureus were most sensitive (12.5%) and A. actinomycetemcomitans, C. bacilli were less sensitive (25%).", "Currently, dentifrices containing AVG are under clinical trials to control the dental plaque and gingivitis. The results of the study suggested that AVG has anti-microbial activity against oral pathogens especially against S. mutans which may be attributed due to the presence of active compounds mainly Aloin and Aloe-emodin (anthroquinones) which inhibit protein synthesis by bacterial cells; thus, contributing to its anti-microbial activity. Acemannan exerts indirect anti-bacterial activity mainly by phagocytosis. Aloe Vera, in tooth pastes and dentifrices leads to inhibition of dental caries and reduction of plaque due to its unique anti-bacterial properties [2,14]. This study showed the possibility of the presence of some bioactive components in crude extracts of AVG due to which it has showed strong anti-bacterial effect. Hence, AVG can be used as an alternative anti-bacterial agent to prevent and treat some oral infectious diseases at higher concentration.", "Our study was an in-vitro study, performed over smaller group of patients which could be the limitation of the present research; thus, in future more in-vivo and in-vitro trials should be conducted involving larger samples to test the efficacy of AVG on oral pathogens.", "This study proved that AVG can be used as an alternative anti-bacterial agent to prevent and treat some oral infectious diseases at higher concentration but in future further clinical trials are required to test the unique antibacterial properties of AVG against various oral pathogens.", "[1] Petersen PE, Bourgeois D, Ogawa H, Estupinan-Day S, Ndiaye C. The global burden of oral diseases and risks to oral health. Bull World Health Organ. 2005;83:661–69. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]", "[2] Fani M, Kohanteb J. Inhibitory activity of aloe vera gel on some clinically isolated cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria. J Oral Sci. 2012;54:15–21. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]", "[3] Vogler B K, Ernst E. Aloe vera: A systematic review of its clinical effectiveness. Br J of Gen Pract. 1994;9:823–28. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]", "[4] Kammoun M, Miladi S, Ali YB, Damak M, Gargouri Y, Bezzine S. In-vitro study of the PLA2 inhibition and antioxidant activities of aloe vera leaf skin extracts. Lipids Health Dis. 2011;10:30. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]", "[5] Bashir A, Saeed B, Mujahid TY, Jehan N. Comparative study of antimicrobial activities of aloe vera extracts and antibiotics against isolates from skin infections. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10:3835–40. [Google Scholar]", "[6] Choonhakarn C. The efficacy of aloevera gel in treatment of oral lichen planus: A randomized control trial. British J Dermatol. 2008;158:573–77. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]", "[9] Arijani E, Khoswanto C. The use of 90% aloe vera freeze drying as the modulator of collagen density in extraction socket of incicivus Cavia cobaya. Dent J Maj Ked Gigi. 2008;41:74–76. [Google Scholar]", "[10] Lardungdee P, Asvanit P, Thunyakitpisal P. Effect of acemannan on the dentinsialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 1 mRNA expressions in primary human pulpal cells. CU Dent J. 2008;31:407–14. [Google Scholar]", "[12] Ferro VA. In vitro susceptibilities of Shigella flexneri and Streptococcus pyogenes to inner gel of aloe barbadensis miller. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003;47(3):1137–39. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]", "[13] Pandey R, Bradbury F, Cameron P, Shakir E, Rahman SR, Stimson WH. In vitro susceptibilities of Shigella flexneri and Streptococcus pyogenes to inner gel of aloe barbadensis miller. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2010;160:1356–61. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]", "[14] de Oliveira SM, Torres TC, Pereira SL, Mota OM, Carlos MX. Effect of a dentifrice containing aloe vera on plaque and gingivitis control. A double- blind clinical study in humans. J Appl Oral Sci. 2008;16:293–96. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]", "Articles from Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR are provided here courtesy of JCDR Research & Publications Private Limited" ] }, "parsed_md": "Antibacterial Effect of Aloe Vera Gel against Oral Pathogens: An In-vitro\nStudy\n\n * NCBI\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to navigation\n * Resources\n * How To\n * About NCBI Accesskeys\n\nMy NCBISign in to NCBISign Out\n\n# PMC\n\nUS National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health\n\n * Advanced\n * Journal list\n * Help\n\nTry out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Learn More.\n\n * Journal List\n * J Clin Diagn Res\n * v.10(11); 2016 Nov\n * PMC5198455\n\nJ Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Nov; 10(11): ZC41–ZC44.\n\nPublished online 2016 Nov 1. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/21450.8890\n\nPMCID: PMC5198455\n\nPMID: 28050502\n\n# Antibacterial Effect of Aloe Vera Gel against Oral Pathogens: An In-vitro\nStudy\n\nSupreet Jain,^1 Nirav Rathod,^2 Ravleen Nagi,^^3^ Jaideep Sur,^4 Afshan\nLaheji,^5 Naveen Gupta,^6 Priyanka Agrawal,^7 and Swati Prasad^8\n\n### Supreet Jain\n\n^1 Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon\nDental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\nFind articles by Supreet Jain\n\n### Nirav Rathod\n\n^2 Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Chandulal Memorial\nMedical College, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\nFind articles by Nirav Rathod\n\n### Ravleen Nagi\n\n^3 Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental\nCollege and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\nFind articles by Ravleen Nagi\n\n### Jaideep Sur\n\n^4 Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rungta College of\nDental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\nFind articles by Jaideep Sur\n\n### Afshan Laheji\n\n^5 Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Daswani\nDental College, Kota, Rajasthan, India.\n\nFind articles by Afshan Laheji\n\n### Naveen Gupta\n\n^6 Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,\nNew Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh,\nIndia.\n\nFind articles by Naveen Gupta\n\n### Priyanka Agrawal\n\n^7 Consultant, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Shradha and Jai Ambe\nHospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\nFind articles by Priyanka Agrawal\n\n### Swati Prasad\n\n^8 Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rungta College\nof Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\nFind articles by Swati Prasad\n\nAuthor information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer\n\n^1 Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon\nDental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\n^2 Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Chandulal Memorial\nMedical College, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\n^3 Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental\nCollege and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\n^4 Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rungta College of\nDental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\n^5 Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Daswani\nDental College, Kota, Rajasthan, India.\n\n^6 Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,\nNew Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh,\nIndia.\n\n^7 Consultant, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Shradha and Jai Ambe\nHospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\n^8 Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rungta College\nof Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.\n\n^Corresponding author.\n\nNAME, ADDRESS, E-MAIL ID OF THE CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Ravleen Nagi,\nReader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College\nand Research Institute, Sakri, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India. E-mail:\nni.oohay@iganneelvar\n\nReceived 2016 May 17; Revisions requested 2016 Jul 6; Accepted 2016 Aug 4.\n\nCopyright © 2016 Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research\n\nThis article has been cited by other articles in PMC.\n\n## Abstract\n\n### Introduction\n\nNatural herbal remedies have shown promising anti-microbial property and fewer\nside effects compared to synthetic anti-microbial therapy. Aloe Vera is a\nmedicinal plant used for management of various infections since ancient times\nas it has anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and immune-boosting properties.\n\n### Aim\n\nThe aim of the present study was to determine the anti-microbial and\ninhibitory activities of various concentration of Aloe Vera Gel (AVG) against\noral pathogenic bacteria.\n\n### Materials and Methods\n\nSubgingival calculus and aspiration of periapical abscess and periodontal\nabscess was done in 20 patients and the sample transferred to thioglycolate\nbroth, which was incubated in Mutans Sanguis agar, blood agar and cultured in\nanaerobic gas chamber. The colonies formed were identified further by gram\nstaining methods and biochemical fermentation tests (IMViC). Each isolated\ncolony of identified bacteria were cultured separately in Muller-Hilton broth\nand incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Anti-microbial activity of the AVG was\ntested by the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration was\ndetermined by broth micro-dilution method.\n\n### Result\n\nVarious staining and biochemical tests confirmed that the sample contained\nActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), Clostridium\nbacilli (C. bacilli), Streptcoccus mutans (S. mutans) and Staphlococcus aureus\n(Staph. aureus). AVG showed anti-bacterial property at 100% and 50%\nconcentration (‘t’ value = 7.504, p-value <0.001). At lower concentration\nthere was no effect against the bacteria. At 100% AVG concentration, zone of\ninhibition measured was 6.9mm in A. actinomycetemcomitans, 6.3mm in C.\nbacilli, 6.8mm in S. mutans and 6.6mm in Staph. aureus. The standard drugs\nwere also used to compare anti-bacterial property of AVG. Result showed that\nhigher concentration (100%, 50%) of AVG has comparable zone of inhibition with\nOfloxacin (5mcg) and Ciprofloxacin (30mcg).\n\n### Conclusion\n\nAVG at higher concentration showed anti-bacterial property and can be used as\na promising adjunct for oral health care.\n\nKeywords: Anti-microbial, Culture, Herbal\n\n## Introduction\n\nOral diseases continue to be a major oral health problem and various oral\nmicrobes are associated with the development of various oral infections [1].\nAnti-microbial therapy is the mainstay line of treatment to treat these\ninfections but recently microbial resistance to the antibiotics has been well\ndocumented. This lead to the exploration of natural herbal remedies, which\nhave fewer side effects, for the treatment of various oral diseases and\ninfections [2].\n\nAloe Vera belongs to Liliacea family which is a cactus-like plant that grows\nreadily in hot, dry climates. Aloe barbadensis miller and Aloe aborescens are\ngrown commercially. The parenchymatous cells, in the fresh leaves of Aloe\nVera, secrete a colorless mucilaginous gel that contains 98-99% water and 1-2%\nactive compounds like Aloesin, Aloin, Aloe-emodin, Aloe-mannan, Flavonoids,\nSaponin, Sterols, Amino acids and Vitamins. Free Anthroquinones and their\nderivatives like Barbaloin-IO-aloe emodin-9 anthrone, Isobarbaloin and\nchromones in Aloe Vera leaves exert a strong purgative effect and are potent\nanti-microbial agents [3].\n\nAVG has various pharmacological actions like antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-\ninflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and immune boosting properties [4–6].\n\nAVG had also been used in dentistry and showed good results. It had been used\nfor treatment of recurrent oral ulceration, oral lichen planus, oral\ncandidiasis, over extraction socket and as an endodontic medicament. Various\ndentrifices also contain AVG as its constituents because of its medicinal\nproperty [7–10].\n\nThe aim of the study was to determine the antibacterial and inhibitory\nactivities of various concentration of AVG against oral pathogenic bacteria.\n\n## Materials and Methods\n\nThe study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Rungta College of\nDental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chattisgarh, India. Subgingival calculus\nwas removed using a hand scaler from 20 patients, and then aspiration of\nperiapical and periodontal abscess was done and contents were transferred to\nthioglycolate broth [Table/Fig-1]. This sample was incubated in Mutans Sanguis\nagar, blood agar at 37° C for 48 hours in anaerobic jar [Table/Fig-2]. The\ncolonies formed were identified further by gram staining methods, specific\nculture test (cooked meat media, PDA agar) and biochemical fermentation tests\n[Indole Methylred Vogesprausker Citrate (IMViC-) utilization] [Table/Fig-3].\nEach isolated colonies of identified bacteria’s were cultured separately in\nMuller-Hilton broth and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours.\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n[Table/Fig-1]:\n\nThioglycolate broth used as transport media.\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n[Table/Fig-2]:\n\nAnaerobic jar and incubator.\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n[Table/Fig-3]:\n\nBiochemical (fermentation) tests to identify Staph aureus.\n\nPreparation of the Extract: Mature fresh leaves of Aloe Vera were washed with\nfresh, water, their thick epidermis was removed and the solid mucilaginous gel\nwas collected in a sterile container [Table/Fig-4]. A 10 ml of gel was mixed\nin 100ml of 2% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) and kept at 4°C. DMSO was used as a\nsolvent as it has no anti-microbial effect of its own.\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n[Table/Fig-4]:\n\nCollection of mucilaginous gel of aloe vera.\n\nAntibacterial property of AVG was detected using disc diffusion method and\nmicro-dilution and agar dilution method was done to measure minimum Inhibitory\nConcentration (MIC).\n\nDisc Diffusion Method: The clinical isolate were grown in Mueller-Hinton broth\nand incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. A 0.1ml of the culture was then poured\ninto sterile petri plate (n=10) and allowed to solidify. The wells were bored\n(in each plate) with 8mm borer in seeded agar in which 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%\nof AVG extract was poured. After it normalized to room temperature, plates\nwere incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The zone of inhibition was measured and\nrecorded. Optical density of the culture was adjusted to 0.1 with sterile\nMueller-Hinton broth [Table/Fig-5a,b].\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n[Table/Fig-5a,b]:\n\nZone of Inhibition at 50% and 100% concentration of aloe vera.\n\nAntibiotics [Ciprofloxacin (30mcg) and Ofloxacin (5mcg)] were also poured in\ndifferent plates against same clinical isolates and zone of inhibition was\nmeasured for comparison with AVG [Table/Fig-6a,b].\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n[Table/Fig-6a,b]:\n\nZone of inhibition of antibiotics [ciprofloxacin (30mcg) and ofloxacin\n(5mcg)].\n\nMinimum Inhibitory Concentration: It was done using micro-broth dilution\nmethod [2]. The highest dilution that yielded no single bacterial colony was\ntaken as the MIC.\n\nExtracts were mixed with 2% DMSO to obtain various concent-rations of the\nstock i.e., 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%. Equal volume of the various\nconcentration of each extract and Mueller Hinton broth were mixed in micro-\ntubes to make up 0.5ml of solution. The tubes were incubated anaerobically at\n37°C for 24 hours. Later test dilution was sub-cultured on Mueller Hinton agar\nand further incubated for 24 hours to check the bacterial growth.\n\n## Statistical Analysis\n\nThe data were compiled in MS Office Excel. Statistical analysis was done using\nSPSS version 21 software package (SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0.\nChicago:SPSS Inc.). ANOVA test was performed for intra- and inter-group\ncomparisons. Student ‘t’ test was also performed to compare between different\nconcentration of Aloe Vera and results were measured as mean±SD. A p-value\nless than <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant and p<0.001;\nhighly significant.\n\n## Results\n\nThe samples collected were analyzed by staining, specific media culture\n(cooked meat media, PDA agar) and biochemical tests. The result of which\nconfirmed that it contains strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans, Clostridium\nbacilli, S. mutans and Steph. aureus [Table/Fig-7]. ANOVA test showed that\ndegree of freedom between the groups of oral pathogens was 3 and within the\ngroups of pathogens was 36 and results were statistically significant\n(p<0.001) [Table/Fig-8]. AVG showed antibacterial property at higher\nconcentrations (100% and 50% concentration, p-value <0.001). At lower\nconcentration (25%, 12.5%) there was no effect against the bacteria\n[Table/Fig-9]. The 2% DMSO which was used as a dilutent, showed no inhibitory\nactivity on any of these bacteria.\n\n### [Table/Fig-7]:\n\nIsolated oral pathogens identified by gram staining and other test.\n\nBacteria| Gram Reaction| Morphology| Arrangement| Other \n---|---|---|---|--- \nA. actinomycetemcomitans| (-) Ve| Bacilli| Single| PDA agar culture \nClostridium bacilli| (+) Ve| Bacilli| Single| Cooked meat broth culture \nS. mutans| (+) Ve| Cocci| Chain| Horse blood agar \nStaph. aureus| (+) Ve| Cocci| Cluster| IMViC fermentation test -Catalase-\nPositive -MR-VP- Positive -Indole-Negative \n \nOpen in a separate window\n\n### [Table/Fig-8]:\n\nDetermining degree of freedom between and within groups of oral pathogens\nusing ANOVA.\n\nOral Microbes| Degree of Freedom Df| Sig. \n---|---|--- \nA. actinomyetemcomitans| Between Groups| 3| < 0.001* \nWithin Groups| 36 \nS. mutans| Between Groups| 3| < 0.001* \nWithin Groups| 36 \nC. bacilli| Between Groups| 3| < 0.001* \nWithin Groups| 36 \nStaph. aureus| Between Groups| 3| < 0.001* \nWithin Groups| 36 \n \nOpen in a separate window\n\n* p<0.001; Highly significant for microbes\n\n### [Table/Fig-9]:\n\nAnti-bacterial efficacy of aloe vera gel at 100% and 50% concen-tration.\n\nConcentration of AVG%| N| Mean ± SD| Comparison| ‘t’ value| p-value \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \n100%| 10| 6.88 ± 0.382| 100% vs 50%| 7.504| < 0.001** \n50%| 10| 5.77 ± 0.241 \n \nOpen in a separate window\n\n** p<0.001; Highly significant for microbes\n\nAt 100% AVG concentration average zone of inhibition measured was 6.9mm in A.\nactinomycetemcomitans, 6.3mm in Clostridium bacilli, 6.8mm in S. mutans and\n6.6mm in Staph aureus. Ciprofloxacin (30mcg) showed 7.4mm zone of inhibition\nagainst A. actinomycetemcomitans, 7.1 against Clostridium bacilli, 6.8mm and\n7.3mm against S. mutans and Staph. aureus respectively. Ofloxacin (5mcg)\nshowed 4.6, 4.8, 5.4, 5.1 zone of inhibition against A. actinomycetemcomitans,\nClostridium bacilli, S. mutans and Staph. aureus respectively [Table/Fig-10].\n\n### [Table/Fig-10]:\n\nAnti-microbial activity by measuring zone of inhibition.\n\nConcentration of AVG%| A. actinomycetemcomitans (N=10)| Clostridium bacilli\n(N=10)| S. mutans (N=10)| Staph. aureus (N=10) \n---|---|---|---|--- \n100%| 6.9mm| 6.3mm| 6.8mm| 6.6mm \n50%| 5.8mm| 5.4mm| 5.6mm| 6.1mm \n25%| Resistant| Resistant| Resistant| Resistant \n12.50%| Resistant| Resistant| Resistant| Resistant \nCiprofloxacin (30mcg)| 7.4mm| 7.1mm| 6.8mm| 7.3mm \nOfloxacin (5mcg)| 4.6mm| 4.8mm| 5.4mm| 5.1mm \nDMSO| 0| 0| 0| 0 \n \nOpen in a separate window\n\n** p<0.001; Highly significant for microbes\n\nMIC of AVG against A. actinomycetemcomitans, Clostridium bacilli, S. mutans\nand Staph. aureus was 25%, 25%, 12.5% and 12.5% respectively [Table/Fig-11].\n\n### [Table/Fig-11]:\n\nMinimum inhibitory concentrations of aloe vera gel.\n\nBacteria| Aloe Vera Gel \n---|--- \nA. actinomycetemcomitans| 25% \nClostridium bacilli| 25% \nS. mutans| 12.5% \nStaph. aureus| 12.5% \n \nOpen in a separate window\n\n## Discussion\n\nOral microbial flora is a causative factor for most of the infectious oral\ndiseases. Mostly the periodontal diseases are associated with anaerobic gram\nnegative rods such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, Tannerella\nforsythus, Fusobacterium species. Antibiotic administration prior to any\ninvasive dental procedure is recommended to prevent from bacteremia and\nendocarditis by S. mutans and other oral bacterial species [2,3].\n\nThe main drawback of these anti-microbial agents is that it may have side\neffect of immediate hypersensitivity reactions, toxicity, tooth staining and\nsome bacteria may show multi-drug resistance [2]. To overcome these drawbacks,\nvarious alternative sources are being searched for curing oral diseases. One\namong these is traditional herbal medicines. Many medicinal plants (fruit of\namla, garlic bulbs, ginger, neem, tulsi) and their products are widely used\nfor prevention and treatment of oral infections. These medicinal plants\ncontain natural phytochemicals that have been considered as useful\nalternatives to synthetic drugs. Among them Aloe Vera is of particular\ninterest and has been used therapeutically for a long time to treat many\ndiseases [2]. Though studies related to its usage in dentistry is limited. So,\nwe tried to check its anti-microbial effectiveness against oral pathogens.\n\nIn the present study AVG was found to be effective against both gram positive\nand gram negative bacteria. Our results were comparable to the study by Bashir\nA et al., in which AVG was found to be 100% active against all gram negative\nisolates and 75.3% active against gram positive pathogens [5]. Irshad S et\nal., found that AVG is effective against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilius,\nSalmonella typhi, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella epidermidis [11].\n\nBy micro-broth dilution method, in the present study it was found that for\nAVG, MIC was 25% (A. actinomycetemcomitans, C. bacilli) and 12.5% (S. mutans,\nStaph. aureus) and effective zone of inhibition was found at concentration of\n100% and 50%. A study reported that concentrations of more than 100mg of Aloe\nVera per ml for S. flexneri and 25mg of Aloe Vera per ml for S. pyogenes were\neffective in growth inhibition of these organisms [12]. Researchers have\nreported that the ethanolic extract of Aloe Vera produces a larger zone of\ngrowth inhibition (29-30 mm) than the aqueous extract (3-4 mm) against\norganisms including Enterococcus bovis and Staph. aureus [13].\n\nFani M et al., found that S. mutans was most sensitive to AVG with a MIC of\n12.5%, while A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, and B. fragilis were\nless sensitive, with a MIC of 25-50% [2]. The results were consistent to our\nstudy where S. mutans and Staph. aureus were most sensitive (12.5%) and A.\nactinomycetemcomitans, C. bacilli were less sensitive (25%).\n\nCurrently, dentifrices containing AVG are under clinical trials to control the\ndental plaque and gingivitis. The results of the study suggested that AVG has\nanti-microbial activity against oral pathogens especially against S. mutans\nwhich may be attributed due to the presence of active compounds mainly Aloin\nand Aloe-emodin (anthroquinones) which inhibit protein synthesis by bacterial\ncells; thus, contributing to its anti-microbial activity. Acemannan exerts\nindirect anti-bacterial activity mainly by phagocytosis. Aloe Vera, in tooth\npastes and dentifrices leads to inhibition of dental caries and reduction of\nplaque due to its unique anti-bacterial properties [2,14]. This study showed\nthe possibility of the presence of some bioactive components in crude extracts\nof AVG due to which it has showed strong anti-bacterial effect. Hence, AVG can\nbe used as an alternative anti-bacterial agent to prevent and treat some oral\ninfectious diseases at higher concentration.\n\n## Limitation\n\nOur study was an in-vitro study, performed over smaller group of patients\nwhich could be the limitation of the present research; thus, in future more\nin-vivo and in-vitro trials should be conducted involving larger samples to\ntest the efficacy of AVG on oral pathogens.\n\n## Conclusion\n\nThis study proved that AVG can be used as an alternative anti-bacterial agent\nto prevent and treat some oral infectious diseases at higher concentration but\nin future further clinical trials are required to test the unique\nantibacterial properties of AVG against various oral pathogens.\n\n## Acknowledgments\n\nWe would like to thank and acknowledge Mrs. Priya Jain, MSc. Microbiology,\nBilaspur, Chhattisgarh, for her support and guidance.\n\n## Notes\n\n## Financial or Other Competing Interests\n\nNone.\n\n## References\n\n[1] Petersen PE, Bourgeois D, Ogawa H, Estupinan-Day S, Ndiaye C. The global\nburden of oral diseases and risks to oral health. Bull World Health Organ.\n2005;83:661–69. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n[2] Fani M, Kohanteb J. Inhibitory activity of aloe vera gel on some\nclinically isolated cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria. J Oral Sci.\n2012;54:15–21. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n[3] Vogler B K, Ernst E. Aloe vera: A systematic review of its clinical\neffectiveness. Br J of Gen Pract. 1994;9:823–28. [PMC free article] [PubMed]\n[Google Scholar]\n\n[4] Kammoun M, Miladi S, Ali YB, Damak M, Gargouri Y, Bezzine S. In-vitro\nstudy of the PLA2 inhibition and antioxidant activities of aloe vera leaf skin\nextracts. Lipids Health Dis. 2011;10:30. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google\nScholar]\n\n[5] Bashir A, Saeed B, Mujahid TY, Jehan N. Comparative study of antimicrobial\nactivities of aloe vera extracts and antibiotics against isolates from skin\ninfections. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10:3835–40. [Google Scholar]\n\n[6] Choonhakarn C. The efficacy of aloevera gel in treatment of oral lichen\nplanus: A randomized control trial. British J Dermatol. 2008;158:573–77.\n[PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n[7] Tanwar R. Aloe vera and its uses in dentistry. Indian J Dent Adv.\n2011;3(4):656–58. [Google Scholar]\n\n[8] Saritha V, Anilakumar KR, Khanum F. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity\nof aloevera gel. Int J Pharm Biol Arch. 2010;1:376–84. [Google Scholar]\n\n[9] Arijani E, Khoswanto C. The use of 90% aloe vera freeze drying as the\nmodulator of collagen density in extraction socket of incicivus Cavia cobaya.\nDent J Maj Ked Gigi. 2008;41:74–76. [Google Scholar]\n\n[10] Lardungdee P, Asvanit P, Thunyakitpisal P. Effect of acemannan on the\ndentinsialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 1 mRNA expressions in\nprimary human pulpal cells. CU Dent J. 2008;31:407–14. [Google Scholar]\n\n[11] Irshad S, Butt M, Yonus H. In-vitro antibacterial activity of aloe\nbarbadensis miller. Int Res J Pharmaceuticals. 2011;1:59–64. [Google Scholar]\n\n[12] Ferro VA. In vitro susceptibilities of Shigella flexneri and\nStreptococcus pyogenes to inner gel of aloe barbadensis miller. Antimicrob\nAgents Chemother. 2003;47(3):1137–39. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google\nScholar]\n\n[13] Pandey R, Bradbury F, Cameron P, Shakir E, Rahman SR, Stimson WH. In\nvitro susceptibilities of Shigella flexneri and Streptococcus pyogenes to\ninner gel of aloe barbadensis miller. Appl Biochem Biotechnol.\n2010;160:1356–61. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n[14] de Oliveira SM, Torres TC, Pereira SL, Mota OM, Carlos MX. Effect of a\ndentifrice containing aloe vera on plaque and gingivitis control. A double-\nblind clinical study in humans. J Appl Oral Sci. 2008;16:293–96. [PMC free\narticle] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\nArticles from Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR are provided\nhere courtesy of JCDR Research & Publications Private Limited\n\n## Formats:\n\n * Article\n\n|\n\n * PubReader\n\n|\n\n * PDF (729K)\n\n|\n\n * Cite\n\n## Share\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n\nSupport Center Support Center\n\nExternal link. Please review our privacy policy.\n\nNLM\n\nNIH\n\nDHHS\n\nUSA.gov\n\nNational Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of\nMedicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA\n\nPolicies and Guidelines | Contact\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://share.upmc.com/2015/07/how-to-keep-your-bellybutton-navel-clean-the-right-way/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210412001911/https://share.upmc.com/2015/07/how-to-keep-your-bellybutton-navel-clean-the-right-way/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Clean Your Belly Button and Prevent Infection", "passages": [ "Your belly button is pretty easy to forget. This abdominal scar marks the spot where your umbilical cord was once attached. Post birth, well, it doesn’t offer any real function.", "But the navel can be a breeding ground for dirt, sweat, bacteria, and a variety of unpleasant substances, particularly if you’ve had this spot pierced. In fact, the average belly button harbors more than 67 kinds of bacteria.", "I understand that by providing my email address, I agree to receive emails from UPMC. I understand that I may opt out of receiving such communications at any time.", "array(11) { [\"id\"]=> string(7) \"sms-cta\" [\"type\"]=> string(4) \"form\" [\"title\"]=> string(36) \"Get Healthy Tips Sent to Your Phone!\" [\"category\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"subcategory\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"keyword\"]=> string(6) \"HBEATS\" [\"utm_source\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"utm_medium\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"utm_campaign\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"utm_content\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"utm_term\"]=> string(0) \"\" }", "Discharge and smells can be a result of several different factors, though slight navel odors are typically normal. If you have a combination of foul smell and discharge, it could be a sign of:", "Rarely, people can develop stone-like masses inside the belly button. Known as omphaliths or umboliths, these growths can fill the entire navel and lead to infection, inflammation, and ulcerated skin.", "You’re at higher risk of problems if you have an “innie” belly button or if you have your belly button pierced. That’s because deeper belly buttons and piercings are more apt to become infected.", "The first step to a clean belly button may seem obvious, but it bears repeating. A shower with plain old soap and water should remove lint, dirt, and some bacteria. You don’t need to scrub, but you should make sure the shower washes away obvious grime.", "If you have an “outtie,” lucky you: Your belly button is probably pretty clean. Those with deeper navels may need to get a little more aggressive about cleanliness. Dip your finger or a soft washcloth in a solution of salt water (about a teaspoon of table salt in a cup of warm water) and gently massage the inside of your navel. This should loosen stubborn germs that can cause odor. Then rinse with plain water and pat it dry.", "Resist the temptation to apply lotions or creams to your belly button. The extra moisture can contribute to bacterial or fungal growth.", "If you have a navel piercing, you’ll need to pay special attention to your belly button. You can use the same saltwater solution mentioned above:", "Wet a clean cloth in the solution and apply it to the area as a warm compress several times a day. This should remove any discharge or crust and allow you to gently move the jewelry through the piercing.", "Remember, if your belly button still smells and doesn’t respond to these approaches, you should visit your doctor. If you develop redness, swelling, pain, or discharge, your belly button could be infected. This is especially likely if you have a navel piercing. In this case, you may require antibiotics or other treatment and should visit UPMC Urgent Care right away.", "Sometimes you need care right away, with no time to wait for an appointment. That’s where UPMC Urgent Care comes in. We offer prompt treatment for illnesses and injuries 12 hours a day, seven days a week. With several western Pennsylvania locations, plus more throughout the state, you can find immediate care close to you. Our services include treatment for minor injuries and illnesses, physicals, prescription filling, and flu shots and immunizations. Wait times are usually shorter than the emergency room for minor injuries and illnesses, and we accept most major insurance.", "belly button | bellybutton | clean | clean bellybutton | how to | infection | navel | piercing | skin", "I understand that by providing my email address, I agree to receive emails from UPMC. I understand that I may opt out of receiving such communications at any time." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Clean Your Belly Button and Prevent Infection | UPMC HealthBeat\n\n * Like and Follow UPMC on Facebook\n * Follow UPMC on Twitter\n * Follow UPMC on Pinterest\n * Follow UPMC on Instagram\n * Follow UPMC on LinkedIn\n\n## Skin Care\n\n# How to Clean Your Belly Button and Prevent Infection\n\nReviewed by Urgent Care\n\nJuly 27, 2015\n\nShare this on:\n\nUpdated January 11, 2021\n\nYour belly button is pretty easy to forget. This abdominal scar marks the spot\nwhere your umbilical cord was once attached. Post birth, well, it doesn’t\noffer any real function.\n\nBut the navel can be a breeding ground for dirt, sweat, bacteria, and a\nvariety of unpleasant substances, particularly if you’ve had this spot\npierced. In fact, the average belly button harbors more than 67 kinds of\nbacteria.\n\n### Never Miss a Beat!\n\n### Subscribe to Our HealthBeat Newsletter!\n\n(TapClick to Join!)\n\nI understand that by providing my email address, I agree to receive emails\nfrom UPMC. I understand that I may opt out of receiving such communications at\nany time.\n\nThank you for subscribing!\n\nYou are already subscribed.\n\nSorry, an error occurred. Please try again later.\n\n### Get Healthy Tips Sent to Your Phone!\n\narray(11) { [\"id\"]=> string(7) \"sms-cta\" [\"type\"]=> string(4) \"form\"\n[\"title\"]=> string(36) \"Get Healthy Tips Sent to Your Phone!\" [\"category\"]=>\nstring(0) \"\" [\"subcategory\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"keyword\"]=> string(6) \"HBEATS\"\n[\"utm_source\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"utm_medium\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"utm_campaign\"]=>\nstring(0) \"\" [\"utm_content\"]=> string(0) \"\" [\"utm_term\"]=> string(0) \"\" }\n\n## Why Does My Belly Button Smell?\n\nDischarge and smells can be a result of several different factors, though\nslight navel odors are typically normal. If you have a combination of foul\nsmell and discharge, it could be a sign of:\n\n * A fungal infection or yeast infection of the belly button\n * A bacterial infection of the belly button\n * A wound or bruise around or within the belly button\n * A simple build-up of sweat and belly button dirt\n\n### You might also like...\n\nSkin CareTaking Care of Your Skin While Wearing a Facemask\n\nSkin CareWhat You Need to Know About the Platelet-Rich Plasma Facial\n\nSkin CareHow to Prevent an Infection from Fake Nails\n\nSkin CareIngrown Toenails: Everything You Need to Know\n\nSkin CareTaking Care of Your Skin While Wearing a Facemask\n\nSkin CareWhat You Need to Know About the Platelet-Rich Plasma Facial\n\nSkin CareHow to Prevent an Infection from Fake Nails\n\nSkin CareIngrown Toenails: Everything You Need to Know\n\n## Belly Button Infection\n\nBelly buttons that are crusted, inflamed, or itchy may be infected.\n\n### Infected Belly Button Symptoms\n\nCommon symptoms of a belly button infection or allergic reaction to a piercing\ninclude:\n\n * Red, itchy skin around the navel\n * Foul smells\n * Swelling\n * Yellow, green, or dark-colored discharge\n * Persistent pain, particularly around a piercing\n * Blistering around the navel or piercing\n\nRarely, people can develop stone-like masses inside the belly button. Known as\nomphaliths or umboliths, these growths can fill the entire navel and lead to\ninfection, inflammation, and ulcerated skin.\n\nFor these reasons, it’s important to keep your belly button as clean as\npossible.\n\n### Who’s at Risk?\n\nYou’re at higher risk of problems if you have an “innie” belly button or if\nyou have your belly button pierced. That’s because deeper belly buttons and\npiercings are more apt to become infected.\n\n### Connect with UPMC\n\nFind a Doctor\n\nMyUPMC\n\nRequest Appointment\n\n## How to Clean Your Belly Button\n\n 1. The first step to a clean belly button may seem obvious, but it bears repeating. A shower with plain old soap and water should remove lint, dirt, and some bacteria. You don’t need to scrub, but you should make sure the shower washes away obvious grime.\n 2. If you have an “outtie,” lucky you: Your belly button is probably pretty clean. Those with deeper navels may need to get a little more aggressive about cleanliness. Dip your finger or a soft washcloth in a solution of salt water (about a teaspoon of table salt in a cup of warm water) and gently massage the inside of your navel. This should loosen stubborn germs that can cause odor. Then rinse with plain water and pat it dry.\n 3. Resist the temptation to apply lotions or creams to your belly button. The extra moisture can contribute to bacterial or fungal growth.\n\n## How to Clean a Belly Button Piercing\n\nIf you have a navel piercing, you’ll need to pay special attention to your\nbelly button. You can use the same saltwater solution mentioned above:\n\n 1. Wet a clean cloth in the solution and apply it to the area as a warm compress several times a day. This should remove any discharge or crust and allow you to gently move the jewelry through the piercing.\n 2. Pat it dry when you’re finished.\n\nRemember, if your belly button still smells and doesn’t respond to these\napproaches, you should visit your doctor. If you develop redness, swelling,\npain, or discharge, your belly button could be infected. This is especially\nlikely if you have a navel piercing. In this case, you may require antibiotics\nor other treatment and should visit UPMC Urgent Care right away.\n\n### About Urgent Care\n\nSometimes you need care right away, with no time to wait for an appointment.\nThat’s where UPMC Urgent Care comes in. We offer prompt treatment for\nillnesses and injuries 12 hours a day, seven days a week. With several western\nPennsylvania locations, plus more throughout the state, you can find immediate\ncare close to you. Our services include treatment for minor injuries and\nillnesses, physicals, prescription filling, and flu shots and immunizations.\nWait times are usually shorter than the emergency room for minor injuries and\nillnesses, and we accept most major insurance.\n\nTags\n\nbelly button | bellybutton | clean | clean bellybutton | how to | infection |\nnavel | piercing | skin\n\nFollow Us\n\n * Like and Follow UPMC on Facebook\n * Follow UPMC on Twitter\n * Follow UPMC on Pinterest\n * Follow UPMC on Instagram\n * Follow UPMC on LinkedIn\n\nFind\n\nMy Location\n\n * Contact\n * UPMC Website/Email Terms of Use\n * Medical Advice Disclaimer\n * Privacy Information\n\n© 2021 UPMC HealthBeat\n\n### Become a Member of Our Health and Wellness Email List\n\n(TapClick to Join!)\n\nI understand that by providing my email address, I agree to receive emails\nfrom UPMC. I understand that I may opt out of receiving such communications at\nany time.\n\nThank you for subscribing!\n\nYou are already subscribed.\n\nSorry, an error occurred. Please try again later.\n\n * Living and Wellness\n\n+\n\n * Family Health\n * Fitness\n * Nutrition\n * Safety\n * Women’s Health\n * Men’s Health\n * Pediatrics\n * Policy and Advocacy\n * Innovation\n * Health Topics A-Z\n\n+\n\n * Brain Health\n * Cancer Care\n\n+\n\n * Breast Cancer\n * Gynecologic Cancer\n * Lung Cancer\n * Pancreatic Cancer\n * Prostate Cancer\n * Cold and Flu\n * Eye Health\n * Heart Health\n * Mental Health\n * Orthopaedics\n * Pregnancy and Childbirth\n * Rehabilitation\n * Skin Care\n * Sports Medicine\n\n+\n\n * Concussion\n * Transplant\n\n+\n\n * Liver Transplant\n * COVID-19\n * Find a Doctor\n * Request an Appointment\n * About\n * Visit UPMC.com\n\n" } ]
554,711
How To Accept an Apology
If someone has offered an apology after hurting you, one way to accept it is to tell them “Thank you for apologizing” instead of brushing it off with an “It’s fine” or “It’s nothing.” Be willing to show gratitude to the person for having the courage to admit their mistake, since it’s not always easy to apologize. Once you thank them for their apology, make it clear that your feelings were hurt and be specific about how their actions hurt you. Be sure to tell the person that you understand why they did what they did and make it clear that you’re willing to move past it. Otherwise, you might seem disrespectful, especially if they were serious about their apology.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410191717/https://the-toast.net/2014/05/22/raising-the-tone-etiquette-for-accepting-apologies/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112042610/https://business.time.com/2013/05/21/apology-not-accepted-the-right-and-wrong-way-to-say-youre-sorry/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://the-toast.net/2014/05/22/raising-the-tone-etiquette-for-accepting-apologies/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410191717/https://the-toast.net/2014/05/22/raising-the-tone-etiquette-for-accepting-apologies/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Raising the Tone: Etiquette for Accepting Apologies and Acknowledging Loss", "passages": [ "I was just reading your column about what to say when someone thanks you and it made me wonder: what are the most polite/appropriate ways to respond to someone apologizing? When it’s little things, I’ve taken to saying “you’re good” or “you’re fine.” I think I picked that one up from a teacher who told me you never ask a hurt kid if they’re okay–instead you tell them they’re okay and suddenly they are. (This avoids the crying, whining, etc.) When it’s more serious, I always feel weird saying something like “I accept your apology” so I just end up saying “it’s okay” or “it’s fine,” but I feel like that’s not really adequate. What would you say?", "I am 100% sure you mean well, but I can’t actually endorse saying, “you’re okay” to a child who bonked his head on the slide. I mean, whatever, if you say it, no big deal, but since you brought it up... Call me crunchy, but I think that response serves to invalidate the feeling of hurt or surprise the little tot is actually experiencing—yes, he will be okay, but in this moment? He is not really okay. Obviously there’s no need to freak the eff out, but helping the tot to identify how they are feeling can be helpful: “Wow! I bet it was surprising to bonk your head there—it must hurt! Why don’t you take some deep breaths”, etc. A great follow up is: “Are you going to be okay?” This is surprisingly effective (I mean, obviously not 100%, but you know, works more often than not.) The kid stops and thinks. Will I be okay again, someday, in a distant future? He realizes that, yes, odds are that that asshole Charlie will eventually get off the coveted swing and, yes, the dew will dry from the sandbox, and yes, I guess sometime between now and when I eat my delicious and congealed leftover mac n cheeze out of my fucking beautiful shark thermos, I will be okay.", "But now: moving right along to the question at hand. (And I am actually sorry for the didactic digression. I apologize. Yikes! What will you say in response? I haven’t told you yet!!! What will you do???) The answer is that it really, really depends. Many people (women? Yes, probably) apologize as a kind of tic. I like your coat, sorry. My bus was late, sorry. You want me to pass the ketchup? Sorry. Gently set these people straight. “Don’t be sorry, it’s not your fault!” or “There’s nothing to apologize for,” are useful. Don’t be a pedantic jerk about it, just be breezy.", "But if someone is legit apologizing, say, for a minor offense—i.e. they have bumped your butt on line for burgers—set them at ease! (This is [almost] always a worthwhile goal, though it need not always be one’s primary goal.) “No problem” is permitted here, as long as it is genuinely delivered. “Don’t worry about it!” is a great option. And now I am going to be honest: I don’t like “you’re good” or “you’re fine.” It is too declaration-from-on-high for my tastes—who are you? The Pope? I guess I just fancy myself a little more democratic than all that—even than a pope who rides the bus.", "What if the person has somewhat seriously fucked up? When they have canceled longstanding plans to join you in Capri at an extremely pricey holiday rental? What if they have really hurt your feelings by saying something true-ish but completely unnecessary? Like, “you never find lost things when you’re looking for them because you lack conviction.” (True story. I recently said this. It was not nice or necessary! I had to apologize.) “It’s okay” and “that’s okay,” are solid responses. Replacing “okay” with “fine” cannot be endorsed; fine is a word that is often (not always, but often) disingenuous. But the best thing?", "The text within the brackets should be used to express your genuine sadness/hurt/disappointment, IF IT IS ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY TO YOU TO EXPRESS SUCH A FEELING. It should not be passive aggressive. It should not start the whole fight over again [So, no: “That’s okay. I was really hurt when you said that, because I feel like you’re always saying things like that without a thought for anyone else, probably because your god-awful mother just didn’t really give you enough love in your sadsack mess of a childhood. But thank you for apologizing.”] Just a simple, “I was upset, but I understand.” Skip that part if you can bear it. If not, keep it short and semi-sweet. But thanking them, if it seems appropriate, is a really good idea. Because, as #1 reminds us, a true and graceful apology is rarer than a wild tiger. (Tigers are seriously endangered, which I did not know until embarrassingly recently.)", "And, yeah, I’m with you: “I accept your apology” is vaguely papal, too, and I don’t really like it. Unlike the response to thank you, the classic, in this case, is outmoded and fugly.", "Coming full circle, except not, the polite and humane response is, simply: “I’m sorry.” Or, “I’m so sorry.” Say it like you mean it, and you do mean it, because miscarriage really, truly sucks. You can add: “I am here for you in whatever way you need, if you want to talk or if you don’t, or if you’d like to go drink [at specific place/time] or if it would be nice if I brought you dinner [on specific evening].” Concrete suggestions can be helpful when people are mourning or otherwise sad, because it’s hard to be like, “yeah, actually, can you drop off some Lobster Newburg on Tuesday around 8:15pm?”", "Communicate that you are available to listen (not necessarily talk) if they want to talk about it (but don’t make them talk about it. You can basically just ask them if they want to talk about it).", "Mostly, don’t act like they’ve said something disgusting or shocking, even if you are in fact shocked. There are, naturally, a few other things not to say. Definitely don’t belittle the loss by providing any readily google-able and emotionally useless information. I.e. “you’ll get pregnant again STAT,” “it’s really common,” etc. This person likely needs to wallow and grieve. They don’t necessarily need your permission to do so, but don’t go blocking their way.", "I think it can be nice to send a gift of some sort–flowers, food, or a book being the most useful (in my view). [If it’s a late miscarriage or stillbirth, I think it’s more serious and should be treated more as a death, i.e. definitely send food or flowers and perhaps a condolence note, in the case of a good friend.]", "If you want to understand better how they might be feeling, read this or this. And if someone you know is coping with stillbirth, or, frankly, if you’re just interested in trying to grapple with the meaning of life/death/love, read this.", "One of the most important things in this case is, in the words of a friend of mine: know your place in this person’s grief. So a hug from a friend can be great, but a hug from a colleague you vaguely dislike may be a bit of a bummer. This requires some thinking, sorry. It’s basically a tough and shitty situation.", "But, most importantly, express sympathy, and really, definitely don’t try to pretend like it didn’t happen. It can be a relief for the person to be able to talk about it without feeling like they are a science experiment gone awry. To make them feel ill at ease in their sadness–or even more ill at ease in their body–is to lower the tone considerably where it matters most.", "Ms. Proprietypants is not bothered which knife you use for fish; she just wants to raise the tone a little. She lives politely by the sea." ] }, "parsed_md": "Raising the Tone: Etiquette for Accepting Apologies and Acknowledging Loss -\nThe Toast\n\nSkip to the article, or search this site\n\nEmail Facebook Twitter\n\n# Raising the Tone: Etiquette for Accepting Apologies and Acknowledging Loss\n\n## By Ms. Proprietypants\n\non May 22, 2014 in Ms. Proprietypants\n\nPlease send your etiquette-based questions to advice@the-toast.net, subject\nline: “Ms. Proprietypants.” The archives can be found here.\n\nI was just reading your column about what to say when someone thanks you and\nit made me wonder: what are the most polite/appropriate ways to respond to\nsomeone apologizing? When it’s little things, I’ve taken to saying “you’re\ngood” or “you’re fine.” I think I picked that one up from a teacher who told\nme you never ask a hurt kid if they’re okay–instead you tell them they’re okay\nand suddenly they are. (This avoids the crying, whining, etc.) When it’s more\nserious, I always feel weird saying something like “I accept your apology” so\nI just end up saying “it’s okay” or “it’s fine,” but I feel like that’s not\nreally adequate. What would you say?\n\nI am 100% sure you mean well, but I can’t actually endorse saying, “you’re\nokay” to a child who bonked his head on the slide. I mean, whatever, if you\nsay it, no big deal, but since you brought it up... Call me crunchy, but I\nthink that response serves to invalidate the feeling of hurt or surprise the\nlittle tot is actually experiencing—yes, he will be okay, but in this moment?\nHe is not really okay. Obviously there’s no need to freak the eff out, but\nhelping the tot to identify how they are feeling can be helpful: “Wow! I bet\nit was surprising to bonk your head there—it must hurt! Why don’t you take\nsome deep breaths”, etc. A great follow up is: “Are you going to be okay?”\nThis is surprisingly effective (I mean, obviously not 100%, but you know,\nworks more often than not.) The kid stops and thinks. Will I be okay again,\nsomeday, in a distant future? He realizes that, yes, odds are that that\nasshole Charlie will eventually get off the coveted swing and, yes, the dew\nwill dry from the sandbox, and yes, I guess sometime between now and when I\neat my delicious and congealed leftover mac n cheeze out of my fucking\nbeautiful shark thermos, I will be okay.\n\nBut now: moving right along to the question at hand. (And I am actually sorry\nfor the didactic digression. I apologize. Yikes! What will you say in\nresponse? I haven’t told you yet!!! What will you do???) The answer is that it\nreally, really depends. Many people (women? Yes, probably) apologize as a kind\nof tic. I like your coat, sorry. My bus was late, sorry. You want me to pass\nthe ketchup? Sorry. Gently set these people straight. “Don’t be sorry, it’s\nnot your fault!” or “There’s nothing to apologize for,” are useful. Don’t be a\npedantic jerk about it, just be breezy.\n\nBut if someone is legit apologizing, say, for a minor offense—i.e. they have\nbumped your butt on line for burgers—set them at ease! (This is [almost]\nalways a worthwhile goal, though it need not always be one’s primary goal.)\n“No problem” is permitted here, as long as it is genuinely delivered. “Don’t\nworry about it!” is a great option. And now I am going to be honest: I don’t\nlike “you’re good” or “you’re fine.” It is too declaration-from-on-high for my\ntastes—who are you? The Pope? I guess I just fancy myself a little more\ndemocratic than all that—even than a pope who rides the bus.\n\nWhat if the person has somewhat seriously fucked up? When they have canceled\nlongstanding plans to join you in Capri at an extremely pricey holiday rental?\nWhat if they have really hurt your feelings by saying something true-ish but\ncompletely unnecessary? Like, “you never find lost things when you’re looking\nfor them because you lack conviction.” (True story. I recently said this. It\nwas not nice or necessary! I had to apologize.) “It’s okay” and “that’s okay,”\nare solid responses. Replacing “okay” with “fine” cannot be endorsed; fine is\na word that is often (not always, but often) disingenuous. But the best thing?\n\n“That’s okay. [It hurt my feelings, but I understand.] Thank you for\napologizing.”\n\nThe text within the brackets should be used to express your genuine\nsadness/hurt/disappointment, IF IT IS ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY TO YOU TO EXPRESS\nSUCH A FEELING. It should not be passive aggressive. It should not start the\nwhole fight over again [So, no: “That’s okay. I was really hurt when you said\nthat, because I feel like you’re always saying things like that without a\nthought for anyone else, probably because your god-awful mother just didn’t\nreally give you enough love in your sadsack mess of a childhood. But thank you\nfor apologizing.”] Just a simple, “I was upset, but I understand.” Skip that\npart if you can bear it. If not, keep it short and semi-sweet. But thanking\nthem, if it seems appropriate, is a really good idea. Because, as #1 reminds\nus, a true and graceful apology is rarer than a wild tiger. (Tigers are\nseriously endangered, which I did not know until embarrassingly recently.)\n\nAnd, yeah, I’m with you: “I accept your apology” is vaguely papal, too, and I\ndon’t really like it. Unlike the response to thank you, the classic, in this\ncase, is outmoded and fugly.\n\nWhat do you say to someone who has miscarried?\n\nComing full circle, except not, the polite and humane response is, simply:\n“I’m sorry.” Or, “I’m so sorry.” Say it like you mean it, and you do mean it,\nbecause miscarriage really, truly sucks. You can add: “I am here for you in\nwhatever way you need, if you want to talk or if you don’t, or if you’d like\nto go drink [at specific place/time] or if it would be nice if I brought you\ndinner [on specific evening].” Concrete suggestions can be helpful when people\nare mourning or otherwise sad, because it’s hard to be like, “yeah, actually,\ncan you drop off some Lobster Newburg on Tuesday around 8:15pm?”\n\nCommunicate that you are available to listen (not necessarily talk) if they\nwant to talk about it (but don’t make them talk about it. You can basically\njust ask them if they want to talk about it).\n\nMostly, don’t act like they’ve said something disgusting or shocking, even if\nyou are in fact shocked. There are, naturally, a few other things not to say.\nDefinitely don’t belittle the loss by providing any readily google-able and\nemotionally useless information. I.e. “you’ll get pregnant again STAT,” “it’s\nreally common,” etc. This person likely needs to wallow and grieve. They don’t\nnecessarily need your permission to do so, but don’t go blocking their way.\n\nI think it can be nice to send a gift of some sort–flowers, food, or a book\nbeing the most useful (in my view). [If it’s a late miscarriage or stillbirth,\nI think it’s more serious and should be treated more as a death, i.e.\ndefinitely send food or flowers and perhaps a condolence note, in the case of\na good friend.]\n\nIf you want to understand better how they might be feeling, read this or this.\nAnd if someone you know is coping with stillbirth, or, frankly, if you’re just\ninterested in trying to grapple with the meaning of life/death/love, read\nthis.\n\nOne of the most important things in this case is, in the words of a friend of\nmine: know your place in this person’s grief. So a hug from a friend can be\ngreat, but a hug from a colleague you vaguely dislike may be a bit of a\nbummer. This requires some thinking, sorry. It’s basically a tough and shitty\nsituation.\n\nBut, most importantly, express sympathy, and really, definitely don’t try to\npretend like it didn’t happen. It can be a relief for the person to be able to\ntalk about it without feeling like they are a science experiment gone awry. To\nmake them feel ill at ease in their sadness–or even more ill at ease in their\nbody–is to lower the tone considerably where it matters most.\n\nMs. Proprietypants is not bothered which knife you use for fish; she just\nwants to raise the tone a little. She lives politely by the sea.\n\nAdd a comment\n\n1477191 Comments on Raising the Tone: Etiquette for Accepting Apologies and\nAcknowledging Losshttps%3A%2F%2Fthe-toast.net%2F2014%2F05%2F22%2Fraising-the-\ntone-etiquette-for-accepting-\napologies%2FRaising+the+Tone%3A+Etiquette+for+Accepting+Apologies+and+Acknowledging+Loss2014-05-22+18%3A00%3A25Ms.+Proprietypantshttp%3A%2F%2Fthe-\ntoast.net%2F%3Fp%3D14771\n\nEmail Facebook Twitter\n\nSkip to the top of the page, search this site, or read the article again\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://business.time.com/2013/05/21/apology-not-accepted-the-right-and-wrong-way-to-say-youre-sorry/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112042610/https://business.time.com/2013/05/21/apology-not-accepted-the-right-and-wrong-way-to-say-youre-sorry/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Apology Not Accepted: The Right — and Wrong — Way to Say You’re Sorry", "passages": [ "A great deal has been written about Harvard University professor Niall Ferguson’s controversial comments about the late economist John Maynard Keynes. (The short version: Keynesian economic theory, Ferguson suggested, is flawed because Keynes himself was gay and childless — and consequently blind to the dangerous long-term consequences of his own ideas.)", "The statement itself has been pretty exhaustively litigated, so I’ll refrain. As it happens, though, I was particularly interested in Ferguson’s apology, the first line of which struck me as admirably unequivocal: “During a recent question-and-answer session at a conference in California, I made comments about John Maynard Keynes that were as stupid as they were insensitive.”", "I don’t know Ferguson personally, but I respected what he did there, and extended my trust to him because I experienced his apology as authentic. However, I later saw that my response was far from universal. Guardian writer Oliver Burkeman, for example, wrote that Ferguson’s apology makes it “almost impossible to believe that he’s being sincere.” And The Huffington Post’s Mark Gongloff argued that Ferguson’s apology “makes several more dumb statements.”", "All of this scrutiny of a single apology raised the question for me: Why are we now dissecting apologies so rigorously?", "I believe it’s because we are in what I would call the Era of Behavior. What I mean is that, although our behavior has of course always mattered, our world’s growing interconnectedness and interdependence makes it matter more today, and in more ways, than ever before. As a result, apologies — themselves a behavior in response to misbehavior — are more consequential, so we’re spending more time trying to distinguish authentic expressions of contrition from rote crisis-management exercises.", "As a matter of fact, apologies are so commonplace today that their effectiveness is being called into question. Just in recent weeks and months, IRS acting commissioner Steven Miller apologized for “poor service” ; Bloomberg apologized for data snooping; South Korea expressed contrition over an aide’s misconduct in Washington; beverage-makers voiced regret for diluting their whiskey and for portraying racial stereotypes; car makers apologized for the actions of their advertising partners; and banks owned up to unethical behavior.", "Recently departed J.C. Penney CEO Ron Johnson might still be at the helm of the department store chain if the apology developed under his watch – a production that elevates “sorry” into a compelling advertisement – had appeared just a few weeks earlier. The YouTube-posted mea culpa, which notched nearly a million views within five days, shows a company eager to promote its ability to apologize and emphasize that it has learned a lesson about the importance of listening to its customers.", "We’re seeing more apologies like J.C. Penney’s because corporate leaders are fast learning that apologizing is the ultimate act of transparency and reconnection, a prime example of how we can turn our hyper-transparent and hyper-connected world to our favor. By admitting fault, an individual or company can show itself to be vulnerable, and allow the public to see deeply into its character or culture. As such, apologies — when they are seen as sincere and genuine — can make people and organizations both more human and relatable, and thus forgivable.", "The flip side of that — the risk implicit in that opportunity — is that today’s unprecedented levels of transparency make ulterior motives all but impossible to hide. So it’s no longer enough to simply say “I’m sorry.” We must also do it for the right reasons.", "There are, in other words, good and bad, effective and not, ways to apologize. Here are five guidelines for getting it right in this Era of Behavior:", "Feel the pain. An authentic apology feels extremely uncomfortable and even painful to the apologizer. It should. An apology represents a fundamental re-set, one that begins with a difficult and highly personal observation: Wow, I really should not have done that. What is going on with me that I did that? And I really can’t do that anymore, and that may mean deep changes that I may not yet know how to make. In order to achieve that re-set, the apologizer must take responsibility, share an expression of sorrow, and acknowledge that a sincere apology is a promise of genuine, perhaps painful, change.", "Mean it. To be taken seriously, an apology can’t have ulterior motives or be a means to an end. It must express an authentic sense of regret. This is crucial because authentic expressions of regret can lead to beneficial outcomes. When the University of Michigan Health System let doctors apologize to patients after making a mistake — a departure from the traditional “deny and defend” response — malpractice lawsuits and payouts decreased by 50%. However, if “deny and defend” doctors at another institution began apologizing to patients for the specific purpose of reducing malpractice lawsuits, you can bet that lawsuits there would actually increase. Authenticity matters, so make sure you know who is really making the apology – your true self or your inner crisis manager.", "Go beyond the mistake itself. A genuine apology specifies the mistake, but also goes deeper. Identify what about your individual or organizational character enabled the mistake to occur, and then explain how you plan to change it. Think of JetBlue’s response a couple of years ago to increased flight delays and poor customer service: A JetBlue Bill of Rights. The Bill quantified JetBlue’s commitment and backed it with customer compensation. JetBlue did a ‘fiscal audit’ and balanced the financial equation with their customers by promising to pay them off if they behaved badly again. But JetBlue sidestepped a ‘moral audit’ of looking longer in the mirror and asking ‘Who are we or who have we become that we would leave our customers on the runway with no airconditioning for six hours?’ and then recommitting to balancing the moral equation by treating customers with respect and dignity.", "Invite feedback. Superficial PR gestures and 10-step crisis management plans simply don’t work in the highly transparent and connected world we now inhabit. As we increasingly see, every claim you make can be researched, countered, and communicated about on a global basis. As a result, one-way statements are useless, to be replaced by two-way conversations with stakeholders. This includes truly opening up to input and conversation during an apology. Two-way dialogue can be a source of new ideas. Companies now crowdsource their next innovation. Why not crowdsource for how to better connect with and relate to those hurt by the behavior for which they are apologizing?", "Go to work. A company that is genuinely remorseful parlays that regret into a change in the way they do business, into an investment in avoiding the same mistakes in the future. Look at Barclay’s CEO Anthony Jenkins, who after apologizing for the company’s involvement in the LIBOR scandal (“We have made serious mistakes. We need to change our culture, which means setting out the values you expect from people”) is beginning the hard and perhaps costly work of changing his company’s culture.", "Public figures and businesses have come a long way since the days of dealing with their transgressions by “neither denying nor admitting guilt.” But our apology surge is part of a larger and longer journey toward making our leaders and corporations more “human.” Since all journeys are rich with learning, triumphs and missteps, we’d better get our apologies right the first time. How you apologize matters a lot more than it once did.", "DOV SEIDMAN’s career has focused on how companies and their people can operate in both principled and profitable ways. He is the author of HOW: Why HOW We Do Anything Means Everything and founder and CEO of LRN, which has helped shape winning organizational cultures inspired by sustainable values in hundreds of companies. Fortune called Dov the “hottest advisor on the corporate virtue circuit;” Economic Times named him a “Top 60 Global Thinker of the Last Decade;” and TIME named him a “Game Changer.” He’s on Twitter @DovSeidman." ] }, "parsed_md": "Apology Not Accepted: The Right — and Wrong — Way to Say You’re Sorry |\nTIME.com\n\n## Time.com\n\nSubscribe\n\nSign InSubscribe\n\n### Leadership\n\n# Apology Not Accepted: The Right — and Wrong — Way to Say You’re Sorry\n\nBy Dov Seidman May 21, 2013\n\n * Share\n\n * Read Later\n\n * Send to Kindle\n\n * Email\n * Print\n * Share\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n * LinkedIn\n * StumbleUpon\n * Reddit\n * Digg\n * Mixx\n * Delicious\n * Google+\n\nFollow @TIMEBusiness\n\nA great deal has been written about Harvard University professor Niall\nFerguson’s controversial comments about the late economist John Maynard\nKeynes. (The short version: Keynesian economic theory, Ferguson suggested, is\nflawed because Keynes himself was gay and childless — and consequently blind\nto the dangerous long-term consequences of his own ideas.)\n\nThe statement itself has been pretty exhaustively litigated, so I’ll refrain.\nAs it happens, though, I was particularly interested in Ferguson’s apology,\nthe first line of which struck me as admirably unequivocal: “During a recent\nquestion-and-answer session at a conference in California, I made comments\nabout John Maynard Keynes that were as stupid as they were insensitive.”\n\nI don’t know Ferguson personally, but I respected what he did there, and\nextended my trust to him because I experienced his apology as authentic.\nHowever, I later saw that my response was far from universal. Guardian writer\nOliver Burkeman, for example, wrote that Ferguson’s apology makes it “almost\nimpossible to believe that he’s being sincere.” And The Huffington Post’s Mark\nGongloff argued that Ferguson’s apology “makes several more dumb statements.”\n\n(VIDEO: Dov Seidman, Principle Prophet)\n\nAll of this scrutiny of a single apology raised the question for me: Why are\nwe now dissecting apologies so rigorously?\n\nI believe it’s because we are in what I would call the Era of Behavior. What I\nmean is that, although our behavior has of course always mattered, our world’s\ngrowing interconnectedness and interdependence makes it matter more today, and\nin more ways, than ever before. As a result, apologies — themselves a behavior\nin response to misbehavior — are more consequential, so we’re spending more\ntime trying to distinguish authentic expressions of contrition from rote\ncrisis-management exercises.\n\nAs a matter of fact, apologies are so commonplace today that their\neffectiveness is being called into question. Just in recent weeks and months,\nIRS acting commissioner Steven Miller apologized for “poor service” ;\nBloomberg apologized for data snooping; South Korea expressed contrition over\nan aide’s misconduct in Washington; beverage-makers voiced regret for diluting\ntheir whiskey and for portraying racial stereotypes; car makers apologized for\nthe actions of their advertising partners; and banks owned up to unethical\nbehavior.\n\nRecently departed J.C. Penney CEO Ron Johnson might still be at the helm of\nthe department store chain if the apology developed under his watch – a\nproduction that elevates “sorry” into a compelling advertisement – had\nappeared just a few weeks earlier. The YouTube-posted mea culpa, which notched\nnearly a million views within five days, shows a company eager to promote its\nability to apologize and emphasize that it has learned a lesson about the\nimportance of listening to its customers.\n\nWe’re seeing more apologies like J.C. Penney’s because corporate leaders are\nfast learning that apologizing is the ultimate act of transparency and\nreconnection, a prime example of how we can turn our hyper-transparent and\nhyper-connected world to our favor. By admitting fault, an individual or\ncompany can show itself to be vulnerable, and allow the public to see deeply\ninto its character or culture. As such, apologies — when they are seen as\nsincere and genuine — can make people and organizations both more human and\nrelatable, and thus forgivable.\n\n(MORE: The New Way to Win Super Bowls: Leadership Lessons of the NFL’s Cutting\nEdge Coaches)\n\nThe flip side of that — the risk implicit in that opportunity — is that\ntoday’s unprecedented levels of transparency make ulterior motives all but\nimpossible to hide. So it’s no longer enough to simply say “I’m sorry.” We\nmust also do it for the right reasons.\n\nThere are, in other words, good and bad, effective and not, ways to apologize.\nHere are five guidelines for getting it right in this Era of Behavior:\n\n 1. Feel the pain. An authentic apology feels extremely uncomfortable and even painful to the apologizer. It should. An apology represents a fundamental re-set, one that begins with a difficult and highly personal observation: Wow, I really should not have done that. What is going on with me that I did that? And I really can’t do that anymore, and that may mean deep changes that I may not yet know how to make. In order to achieve that re-set, the apologizer must take responsibility, share an expression of sorrow, and acknowledge that a sincere apology is a promise of genuine, perhaps painful, change.\n 2. Mean it. To be taken seriously, an apology can’t have ulterior motives or be a means to an end. It must express an authentic sense of regret. This is crucial because authentic expressions of regret can lead to beneficial outcomes. When the University of Michigan Health System let doctors apologize to patients after making a mistake — a departure from the traditional “deny and defend” response — malpractice lawsuits and payouts decreased by 50%. However, if “deny and defend” doctors at another institution began apologizing to patients for the specific purpose of reducing malpractice lawsuits, you can bet that lawsuits there would actually increase. Authenticity matters, so make sure you know who is really making the apology – your true self or your inner crisis manager.\n 3. Go beyond the mistake itself. A genuine apology specifies the mistake, but also goes deeper. Identify what about your individual or organizational character enabled the mistake to occur, and then explain how you plan to change it. Think of JetBlue’s response a couple of years ago to increased flight delays and poor customer service: A JetBlue Bill of Rights. The Bill quantified JetBlue’s commitment and backed it with customer compensation. JetBlue did a ‘fiscal audit’ and balanced the financial equation with their customers by promising to pay them off if they behaved badly again. But JetBlue sidestepped a ‘moral audit’ of looking longer in the mirror and asking ‘Who are we or who have we become that we would leave our customers on the runway with no airconditioning for six hours?’ and then recommitting to balancing the moral equation by treating customers with respect and dignity.\n 4. Invite feedback. Superficial PR gestures and 10-step crisis management plans simply don’t work in the highly transparent and connected world we now inhabit. As we increasingly see, every claim you make can be researched, countered, and communicated about on a global basis. As a result, one-way statements are useless, to be replaced by two-way conversations with stakeholders. This includes truly opening up to input and conversation during an apology. Two-way dialogue can be a source of new ideas. Companies now crowdsource their next innovation. Why not crowdsource for how to better connect with and relate to those hurt by the behavior for which they are apologizing?\n 5. Go to work. A company that is genuinely remorseful parlays that regret into a change in the way they do business, into an investment in avoiding the same mistakes in the future. Look at Barclay’s CEO Anthony Jenkins, who after apologizing for the company’s involvement in the LIBOR scandal (“We have made serious mistakes. We need to change our culture, which means setting out the values you expect from people”) is beginning the hard and perhaps costly work of changing his company’s culture.\n\nPublic figures and businesses have come a long way since the days of dealing\nwith their transgressions by “neither denying nor admitting guilt.” But our\napology surge is part of a larger and longer journey toward making our leaders\nand corporations more “human.” Since all journeys are rich with learning,\ntriumphs and missteps, we’d better get our apologies right the first time. How\nyou apologize matters a lot more than it once did.\n\nDOV SEIDMAN’s career has focused on how companies and their people can operate\nin both principled and profitable ways. He is the author of HOW: Why HOW We Do\nAnything Means Everything and founder and CEO of LRN, which has helped shape\nwinning organizational cultures inspired by sustainable values in hundreds of\ncompanies. Fortune called Dov the “hottest advisor on the corporate virtue\ncircuit;” Economic Times named him a “Top 60 Global Thinker of the Last\nDecade;” and TIME named him a “Game Changer.” He’s on Twitter @DovSeidman.\n\n * Most Popular\n\nFrom Business & Money\n\n 1. 5 Surprising Things You Can Buy With Food Stamps\n 2. Meet the Two Retail Giants That Won’t Let You Buy Online Today\n 3. 7 Odd Solutions for 7 Common Economic Problems\n 4. Business\n 5. How Recruiters Use Social Networks to Make Hiring Decisions Now\n\nFrom Time.com\n\n### Connect With TIME\n\n * Home\n * U.S.\n * Politics\n * World\n * Business\n * Tech\n * Health\n * Science\n * Entertainment\n * Newsfeed\n * Living\n * Ideas\n * Parents\n * Sports\n * History\n * The TIME Vault\n * Magazine\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * The Goods\n * Press Room\n * Newsletters\n * Customer Service\n * Site Map\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Terms of Use\n * Advertising\n * Ad Choices\n * Careers\n\n© 2020 TIME USA, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\n" } ]
1,479,145
How To Evict a Tenant in California
If you need to evict a tenant in California, try resolving the issue directly with the tenant first. You’ll have legal grounds to evict the tenant if they break their lease, fail to pay their rent on time, or break the law. Try calling the tenant directly to ask them to leave. You can also use a legal mediator to help resolve the conflict peacefully. If they don’t leave of their own accord, serve the tenant with a notice of violation. You’ll need to give them 30 days to vacate if they’ve lived there for under a year or 60 days if they’ve lived there for over a year. If they still refuse to leave after the notice of violation, you’ll need to file an unlawful detainer complaint and take them to court.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20160819024333/http://evictionprocess.org:80/ca/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210301003146/http://etmoroneylaw.com/2014/quick-hits-1-california-post-eviction-disposition-tenant-personal-property/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210531033607/https://www.courts.ca.gov/selfhelp-eviction.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210503144426/https://www.upcounsel.com/how-to-evict-a-tenant-in-california", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210516023913/https://www.rocketlawyer.com/article/evicting-a-tenant-in-california.rl", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210304012939/https://homeguides.sfgate.com/long-evict-tenant-california-8035.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210514141110/http://www.landlord.com/guide_to_eviction_process_ca_summary.htm" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://evictionprocess.org:80/ca/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160819024333/http://evictionprocess.org:80/ca/", "parsed_text": { "title": "California Eviction Process & Laws", "passages": [ "A California eviction begins by the landlord sending notice to the tenant by personally serving or sending through a certified mail service (with return receipt). If the tenant has the option to cure, such as paying late rent or fixing a material violation, they may do so and the notice becomes invalid. If the tenant does not have an option to cure then they will be forced to vacate, along with their personal property, at the end of the time period. If the tenant does not move off the premises, or cure the issue, the landlord may file a forcible detainer. Landlords use the Eviction Checklist.", "Month to Month Laws - 30 days for tenancy under 1 year, 60 if tenancy is over 1 year, and 90 days if it is Section 8 housing CC § 1946", "The California 90 Day Notice to Quit form is used when the tenant is receiving “Section 8′′ housing assistance, and the landlord decides to terminate the housing assistance program (HAP) contract. Once served with the notice, the tenant has ninety (90) days to vacate the rental property. If the tenant does not...", "The California Sixty (60) Day Notice to Quit form is used by landlords to notify tenants on a month-to-month rental agreement* of the termination of their tenancy. *The sixty (60) day notice to quit/vacate form is only applicable to tenants who have rented the property for over one year, and are currently...", "In accordance with §1161, the California thirty (30) day notice to quit form is used for standard month-to-month rental/lease agreements in which the tenant has been renting the property for less than one full year. Although landlords do not need to specify any reason to terminate a month-to-month tenancy, they cannot terminate one...", "The California three (3) day notice to comply or quit, following §1161(3), is used by the landlord when a tenant has broken a written part of the lease agreement, and when the violation is correctable. The notice states that the tenant must either correct their violation or move out of the...", "Under §1161, the California three (3) day notice to quit/vacate form is used by landlords when a tenant has violated the lease agreement in a way that is not rectifiable. Upon receipt of this notice, the tenant has three days to vacate the rental property. If the tenant does not vacate...", "The California three (3) notice to pay or quit, in accordance with Statute 1161, is served by a landlord to a tenant that has not paid his or her rent in a timely manner. The tenant has the option to either pay the past-due rent, or “quit” (vacate the rental property). After...", "Step 1 – If the tenant is being evicted due to a failure to pay rent, the landlord must issue a three-day notice to either pay the rent or vacate the property. If the rent is not paid within the three-day period, or the tenant does not vacate the property, the landlord can begin the eviction lawsuit process.* Tenants who have violated the lease agreement also have to be served with a three-day notice as well. The three-day period is designed to allow the tenant to remedy their correctable violation and remain a lawful renter of the property. If they do not correct their violation within the three-day period, the landlord can then begin the unlawful detainer process. Tenants who are conducting illegal activities in the rental property are required to vacate the property within the three-day notice period.", "*Tenants who are renting on a month-to-month basis must be given thirty (30) days notice. Tenants who have leased/rented the same property for more than one year are required to be given sixty (60) days notice.", "Step 2 – The notice should be personally delivered to the tenant if possible. If not possible, the notice can be left at the rental property of the tenant with a person 18 years or older, or at the tenant’s place of employment. This option is known as “substituted service.” If using this option, the landlord must also mail a copy of the notice directly to the tenant (certified mail is recommended). Landlords can also post the notice on the main door of the rental property (but must mail a copy to the tenant as well). After the notice has been served in one of the manners described above and the waiting/notice period has lapsed, the landlord can begin the eviction lawsuit process.", "Step 3 – The only method available to a landlord to legally evict a tenant in the State of California is to file an unlawful detainer in a local superior (i.e. trial) court. The landlord can only file the unlawful detainer (aka eviction lawsuit) after the required amount of notice has been given to the tenant (ranging from three, thirty, and sixty-day periods).", "The Unlawful Detainer Complaint and Civil Case Cover Sheet must be submitted to the superior/trial courthouse in the county where the rental property is located. After submitting these forms in-person at the courthouse, you will receive a copy of the stamped complaint form, as well as a summons that you must serve to the tenant.", "Note: If there is more than one person living in the rental property (who is not a tenant), the landlord must serve them a “Pre-Judgement Right of Possession” form (along with a copy of the detainer complaint and the summons). This form ensures that any unnamed occupants are listed as defendants in the lawsuit.", "Step 5 – The landlord must then serve the tenants and any unnamed occupants with a copy of the unlawful detainer complaint, the summons form, and the pre- judgement right of possession form (if applicable). These documents cannot be posted on the documents door/property, they must be personally delivered or sent via certified mail. When the tenant has been served, file a proof of service at the courthouse. The tenant has five days to respond to the summons. After this five-day period, the landlord can request a default judgement at the courthouse. The clerk will schedule a court date, and the landlord must provide enough evidence to prove that they followed the legal eviction process, and that the tenant has defaulted.", "Step 6 – Barring any sort of default judgement, the next step of the process is to request a trial date for the initial unlawful detainer complaint (both the landlord and the tenant can request a trial date). It is important to note that there are several ways that a tenant can legally object the notice, service, or actual complaint. If this occurs, the landlord will be required to serve the tenant for a second time. If the service, notice, or complaint is objected again (and the court sides with the tenant), then the entire lawsuit will be dismissed.", "Step 7 – At the trial, both the landlord and the tenant will have the opportunity to show their side of the case. It’s recommended that as much supporting documentation as possible is collected in order to use during the trial. If the court rules in favor the landlord, the tenant will be given a period of five days to vacate the property. After the five-day period, the local sheriff’s office has the authority to physically lock the tenant out of the rental property. If the lawsuit is ruled in favor of the landlord, the tenant will most likely have to pay past-due rent, legal fees, and other associated penalties (dependent on the rental agreement)." ] }, "parsed_md": "California Eviction Process & Laws | Free CA Eviction Notices in PDF\n\n### California Eviction Process & Laws | Free CA Eviction Notices\n\nA California eviction begins by the landlord sending notice to the tenant by\npersonally serving or sending through a certified mail service (with return\nreceipt). If the tenant has the option to cure, such as paying late rent or\nfixing a material violation, they may do so and the notice becomes invalid. If\nthe tenant does not have an option to cure then they will be forced to vacate,\nalong with their personal property, at the end of the time period. If the\ntenant does not move off the premises, or cure the issue, the landlord may\nfile a forcible detainer. Landlords use the Eviction Checklist.\n\nNonPayment Laws - 3 days CC § 1161\n\nNonCompliance Laws - 3 days CC § 1161\n\nMonth to Month Laws - 30 days for tenancy under 1 year, 60 if tenancy is over\n1 year, and 90 days if it is Section 8 housing CC § 1946\n\nForcible Entry and Detainer Laws - CC § 1159-1179a\n\n### Types of Notice\n\n## California Ninety (90) Day Notice to Quit | Section 8 (Subsidized Housing)\n\nThe California 90 Day Notice to Quit form is used when the tenant is receiving\n“Section 8′′ housing assistance, and the landlord decides to terminate the\nhousing assistance program (HAP) contract. Once served with the notice, the\ntenant has ninety (90) days to vacate the rental property. If the tenant does\nnot...\n\nMicrosoft Word\n\nAdobe PDF\n\n## California Sixty (60) Day Notice to Quit | Month to Month Tenancy\n\nThe California Sixty (60) Day Notice to Quit form is used by landlords to\nnotify tenants on a month-to-month rental agreement* of the termination of\ntheir tenancy. *The sixty (60) day notice to quit/vacate form is only\napplicable to tenants who have rented the property for over one year, and are\ncurrently...\n\nMicrosoft Word\n\nAdobe PDF\n\n## California Thirty (30) Day Notice to Quit | Month to Month Tenancy\n\nIn accordance with §1161, the California thirty (30) day notice to quit form\nis used for standard month-to-month rental/lease agreements in which the\ntenant has been renting the property for less than one full year. Although\nlandlords do not need to specify any reason to terminate a month-to-month\ntenancy, they cannot terminate one...\n\nMicrosoft Word\n\nAdobe PDF\n\n## California Three (3) Day Notice to Quit | Curable Non-Compliance\n\nThe California three (3) day notice to comply or quit, following §1161(3), is\nused by the landlord when a tenant has broken a written part of the lease\nagreement, and when the violation is correctable. The notice states that the\ntenant must either correct their violation or move out of the...\n\nMicrosoft Word\n\nAdobe PDF\n\n## California Three (3) Day Notice to Quit | Incurable Non-Compliance\n\nUnder §1161, the California three (3) day notice to quit/vacate form is used\nby landlords when a tenant has violated the lease agreement in a way that is\nnot rectifiable. Upon receipt of this notice, the tenant has three days to\nvacate the rental property. If the tenant does not vacate...\n\nMicrosoft Word\n\nAdobe PDF\n\n## California Three (3) Day Notice to Quit | Non-Payment of Rent\n\nThe California three (3) notice to pay or quit, in accordance with Statute\n1161, is served by a landlord to a tenant that has not paid his or her rent in\na timely manner. The tenant has the option to either pay the past-due rent, or\n“quit” (vacate the rental property). After...\n\nMicrosoft Word\n\nAdobe PDF\n\n### Process How to Evict a Tenant\n\nStep 1 – If the tenant is being evicted due to a failure to pay rent, the\nlandlord must issue a three-day notice to either pay the rent or vacate the\nproperty. If the rent is not paid within the three-day period, or the tenant\ndoes not vacate the property, the landlord can begin the eviction lawsuit\nprocess.* Tenants who have violated the lease agreement also have to be served\nwith a three-day notice as well. The three-day period is designed to allow the\ntenant to remedy their correctable violation and remain a lawful renter of the\nproperty. If they do not correct their violation within the three-day period,\nthe landlord can then begin the unlawful detainer process. Tenants who are\nconducting illegal activities in the rental property are required to vacate\nthe property within the three-day notice period.\n\n*Tenants who are renting on a month-to-month basis must be given thirty (30) days notice. Tenants who have leased/rented the same property for more than one year are required to be given sixty (60) days notice.\n\nStep 2 – The notice should be personally delivered to the tenant if possible.\nIf not possible, the notice can be left at the rental property of the tenant\nwith a person 18 years or older, or at the tenant’s place of employment. This\noption is known as “substituted service.” If using this option, the landlord\nmust also mail a copy of the notice directly to the tenant (certified mail is\nrecommended). Landlords can also post the notice on the main door of the\nrental property (but must mail a copy to the tenant as well). After the notice\nhas been served in one of the manners described above and the waiting/notice\nperiod has lapsed, the landlord can begin the eviction lawsuit process.\n\nStep 3 – The only method available to a landlord to legally evict a tenant in\nthe State of California is to file an unlawful detainer in a local superior\n(i.e. trial) court. The landlord can only file the unlawful detainer (aka\neviction lawsuit) after the required amount of notice has been given to the\ntenant (ranging from three, thirty, and sixty-day periods).\n\nStep 4 – The following three forms are required to initiate the eviction\nlawsuit process:\n\n * Civil Case Cover Sheet\n * Unlawful Detainer Complaint\n * Pre-Judgment Right of Possession\n\nThe Unlawful Detainer Complaint and Civil Case Cover Sheet must be submitted\nto the superior/trial courthouse in the county where the rental property is\nlocated. After submitting these forms in-person at the courthouse, you will\nreceive a copy of the stamped complaint form, as well as a summons that you\nmust serve to the tenant.\n\nNote: If there is more than one person living in the rental property (who is\nnot a tenant), the landlord must serve them a “Pre-Judgement Right of\nPossession” form (along with a copy of the detainer complaint and the\nsummons). This form ensures that any unnamed occupants are listed as\ndefendants in the lawsuit.\n\nStep 5 – The landlord must then serve the tenants and any unnamed occupants\nwith a copy of the unlawful detainer complaint, the summons form, and the pre-\njudgement right of possession form (if applicable). These documents cannot be\nposted on the documents door/property, they must be personally delivered or\nsent via certified mail. When the tenant has been served, file a proof of\nservice at the courthouse. The tenant has five days to respond to the summons.\nAfter this five-day period, the landlord can request a default judgement at\nthe courthouse. The clerk will schedule a court date, and the landlord must\nprovide enough evidence to prove that they followed the legal eviction\nprocess, and that the tenant has defaulted.\n\nStep 6 – Barring any sort of default judgement, the next step of the process\nis to request a trial date for the initial unlawful detainer complaint (both\nthe landlord and the tenant can request a trial date). It is important to note\nthat there are several ways that a tenant can legally object the notice,\nservice, or actual complaint. If this occurs, the landlord will be required to\nserve the tenant for a second time. If the service, notice, or complaint is\nobjected again (and the court sides with the tenant), then the entire lawsuit\nwill be dismissed.\n\nStep 7 – At the trial, both the landlord and the tenant will have the\nopportunity to show their side of the case. It’s recommended that as much\nsupporting documentation as possible is collected in order to use during the\ntrial. If the court rules in favor the landlord, the tenant will be given a\nperiod of five days to vacate the property. After the five-day period, the\nlocal sheriff’s office has the authority to physically lock the tenant out of\nthe rental property. If the lawsuit is ruled in favor of the landlord, the\ntenant will most likely have to pay past-due rent, legal fees, and other\nassociated penalties (dependent on the rental agreement).\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://etmoroneylaw.com/2014/quick-hits-1-california-post-eviction-disposition-tenant-personal-property/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210301003146/http://etmoroneylaw.com/2014/quick-hits-1-california-post-eviction-disposition-tenant-personal-property/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Quick Hits #1: California Post-Eviction Disposition of Tenant Personal Property", "passages": [ "Question: After recovering possession of the premises from an evicted tenant, does landlord need to give additional notice to tenant concerning tenant’s recovery of personal property left behind? Short answer: For tenants who have been evicted and were served with a writ of possession, the answer is no; excepting the publication requirements for sale/auction.", "The writ of possession served by the sheriff includes this notice: personal property remaining on the premises will be sold or otherwise disposed of in accordance with CC 1174 unless you or the owner of the property pays the judgment creditor the reasonable cost of storage and takes possession of the personal property not later than 15 days after the time the judgment creditor takes possession of the property.", "Every practice guide I have says that the notice in the writ of possession is all that is required. California Eviction Defense 28.16, and Rutter California Practice Guide Landlord Tenant 9.590.", "California Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) 715.030 provides: “The disposition of personal property remaining on the real property after the judgment creditor [landlord] is placed in possession thereof pursuant to the writ of possession is governed by subdivisions (e) to (m), inclusive of CCP 1174.”", "CCP 1174(f) provides: “The landlord shall give notice pursuant to Section 1983 of the Civil Code to any person (other than the tenant) reasonably believed by the landlord to be the owner of personal property remaining on the premises unless the procedure for surrender of property under Section 1965 of the Civil Code has been initiated or completed.” [emphasis added]", "Civil Code Section 1983 is the procedure for a landlord to provide 15-18 days written notice (the number of days required depends on how the notice is served) to tenant about the return of his property. The notice must include a reasonable description of the property. Some property mangers, landlords and lawyers read this section of the Code, and are concerned that they have to provide the CC Section 1983 notice to an evicted tenant. I do not believe CC 1983 notice is required for a tenant who was served with a writ of possession, which already includes the 15-day notice. Hence the language in CCP 1174(f): “landlord shall give notice pursuant to Section 1983 of the Civil Code to any person (other than the tenant)“ [emphasis added]. Providing the additional CC 1983 notice may be prudent, and if done immediately upon recovery of possession of the premises, it will not delay the sale/auction of the personal property. In my opinion, however, it is not necessary.", "Civil Code Section 1965 is the procedure whereby a tenant can send landlord a written request for return of tenant property within 18 days of tenant vacating.", "CCP 1974(g) provides: “The landlord shall store the property in a place of safekeeping until it is either released pursuant to subdivision (h) [upon tenant Civil Code Section 1965 written request] or disposed of pursuant to subdivision (i).”", "CCP 1974(i) provides: “Personal property not released pursuant to subdivision h [property released pursuant to tenant Civil Code Section 1965 request] shall be disposed of pursuant to Section 1988 of the Civil Code.”", "(a) If the personal property described in the notice is not released pursuant to Section 1987, it shall be sold at public sale by competitive bidding. However, if the landlord reasonably believes that the total resale value of the property not released is less than seven hundred dollars ($700), the landlord may retain the property for his or her own use or dispose of it in any manner. Nothing in this section shall be construed to preclude the landlord or tenant from bidding on the property at the public sale.", "(b) Notice of the time and place of the public sale shall be given by publication pursuant to Section 6066 of the Government Code in a newspaper of general circulation published in the county where the sale is to be held. The last publication shall be not less than five days before the sale is to be held. The notice of the sale shall not be published before the last of the dates specified for taking possession of the property in any notice given pursuant to Section 1983. The notice of the sale shall describe the property to be sold in a manner reasonably adequate to permit the owner of the property to identify it. The notice may describe all or a portion of the property, but the limitation of liability provided by Section 1989 does not protect the landlord from any liability arising from the disposition of property not described in the notice, except that a trunk, valise, box, or other container which is locked, fastened, or tied in a manner which deters immediate access to its contents may be described as such without describing its contents.", "(c) After deduction of the costs of storage, advertising, and sale, any balance of the proceeds of the sale which is not claimed by the former tenant or an owner other than such tenant shall be paid into the treasury of the county in which the sale took place not later than 30 days after the date of sale. The former tenant or other owner may claim the balance within one year from the date of payment to the county by making application to the county treasurer or other official designated by the county. If the county pays the balance or any part thereof to a claimant, neither the county nor any officer or employee thereof is liable to any other claimant as to the amount paid.", "My Quick Hit: After eviction, store the personal property either onsite or offsite. After 18 days have passed from the date landlord takes possession of the premises (the last day for tenant to send a written request for return of personal property), you may initiate the procedure for public sale.", "The information on this website is for general information purposes only. Nothing on this site should be taken as legal advice for any individual case or situation. This information is not intended to create, and receipt or viewing does not constitute, an attorney-client relationship." ] }, "parsed_md": "Quick Hits #1: California Post-Eviction Disposition of Tenant Personal\nProperty - ET Moroney\n\nCall: (310) 318-1400\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Practice Areas\n\n * Civil Litigation\n * Commercial Transactions\n * Estate Planning\n * Criminal Defense\n * Resources\n * Do You Need An Attorney?\n * Contact\n * Blog\n\n * Serving The South Bay and Desert Communities\n\n# Over Thirty Years Experience\n\n * Serving The South Bay and Desert Communities\n\n# Over Thirty Years Experience\n\n * Serving The South Bay and Desert Communities\n\n# Over Thirty Years Experience\n\n * Serving The South Bay and Desert Communities\n\n# Over Thirty Years Experience\n\n * Serving The South Bay and Desert Communities\n\n# Over Thirty Years Experience\n\n * Serving The South Bay and Desert Communities\n\n# Over Thirty Years Experience\n\n * Serving The South Bay and Desert Communities\n\n# Over Thirty Years Experience\n\nPrev Next\n\n#### Contact Us\n\nDo you have questions? Call our office to see how we can help you with your\nlegal issue.\n\n#### Read Our blog\n\nNeed information? Read about recent news and get helpful tips.\n\n# Quick Hits #1: California Post-Eviction Disposition of Tenant Personal\nProperty\n\nBy E. Thomas Moroney (December 2014)\n\nQuestion: After recovering possession of the premises from an evicted tenant,\ndoes landlord need to give additional notice to tenant concerning tenant’s\nrecovery of personal property left behind? Short answer: For tenants who have\nbeen evicted and were served with a writ of possession, the answer is no;\nexcepting the publication requirements for sale/auction.\n\nThe writ of possession served by the sheriff includes this notice: personal\nproperty remaining on the premises will be sold or otherwise disposed of in\naccordance with CC 1174 unless you or the owner of the property pays the\njudgment creditor the reasonable cost of storage and takes possession of the\npersonal property not later than 15 days after the time the judgment creditor\ntakes possession of the property.\n\nEvery practice guide I have says that the notice in the writ of possession is\nall that is required. California Eviction Defense 28.16, and Rutter California\nPractice Guide Landlord Tenant 9.590.\n\nCalifornia Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) 715.030 provides: “The disposition of\npersonal property remaining on the real property after the judgment creditor\n[landlord] is placed in possession thereof pursuant to the writ of possession\nis governed by subdivisions (e) to (m), inclusive of CCP 1174.”\n\nCCP 1174(f) provides: “The landlord shall give notice pursuant to Section 1983\nof the Civil Code to any person (other than the tenant) reasonably believed by\nthe landlord to be the owner of personal property remaining on the premises\nunless the procedure for surrender of property under Section 1965 of the Civil\nCode has been initiated or completed.” [emphasis added]\n\nCivil Code Section 1983 is the procedure for a landlord to provide 15-18 days\nwritten notice (the number of days required depends on how the notice is\nserved) to tenant about the return of his property. The notice must include a\nreasonable description of the property. Some property mangers, landlords and\nlawyers read this section of the Code, and are concerned that they have to\nprovide the CC Section 1983 notice to an evicted tenant. I do not believe CC\n1983 notice is required for a tenant who was served with a writ of possession,\nwhich already includes the 15-day notice. Hence the language in CCP 1174(f):\n“landlord shall give notice pursuant to Section 1983 of the Civil Code to any\nperson (other than the tenant)“ [emphasis added]. Providing the additional CC\n1983 notice may be prudent, and if done immediately upon recovery of\npossession of the premises, it will not delay the sale/auction of the personal\nproperty. In my opinion, however, it is not necessary.\n\nCivil Code Section 1965 is the procedure whereby a tenant can send landlord a\nwritten request for return of tenant property within 18 days of tenant\nvacating.\n\nCCP 1974(g) provides: “The landlord shall store the property in a place of\nsafekeeping until it is either released pursuant to subdivision (h) [upon\ntenant Civil Code Section 1965 written request] or disposed of pursuant to\nsubdivision (i).”\n\nCCP 1974(i) provides: “Personal property not released pursuant to subdivision\nh [property released pursuant to tenant Civil Code Section 1965 request] shall\nbe disposed of pursuant to Section 1988 of the Civil Code.”\n\nCivil Code Section 1988 provides:\n\n(a) If the personal property described in the notice is not released pursuant\nto Section 1987, it shall be sold at public sale by competitive bidding.\nHowever, if the landlord reasonably believes that the total resale value of\nthe property not released is less than seven hundred dollars ($700), the\nlandlord may retain the property for his or her own use or dispose of it in\nany manner. Nothing in this section shall be construed to preclude the\nlandlord or tenant from bidding on the property at the public sale.\n\n(b) Notice of the time and place of the public sale shall be given by\npublication pursuant to Section 6066 of the Government Code in a newspaper of\ngeneral circulation published in the county where the sale is to be held. The\nlast publication shall be not less than five days before the sale is to be\nheld. The notice of the sale shall not be published before the last of the\ndates specified for taking possession of the property in any notice given\npursuant to Section 1983. The notice of the sale shall describe the property\nto be sold in a manner reasonably adequate to permit the owner of the property\nto identify it. The notice may describe all or a portion of the property, but\nthe limitation of liability provided by Section 1989 does not protect the\nlandlord from any liability arising from the disposition of property not\ndescribed in the notice, except that a trunk, valise, box, or other container\nwhich is locked, fastened, or tied in a manner which deters immediate access\nto its contents may be described as such without describing its contents.\n\n(c) After deduction of the costs of storage, advertising, and sale, any\nbalance of the proceeds of the sale which is not claimed by the former tenant\nor an owner other than such tenant shall be paid into the treasury of the\ncounty in which the sale took place not later than 30 days after the date of\nsale. The former tenant or other owner may claim the balance within one year\nfrom the date of payment to the county by making application to the county\ntreasurer or other official designated by the county. If the county pays the\nbalance or any part thereof to a claimant, neither the county nor any officer\nor employee thereof is liable to any other claimant as to the amount paid.\n\nMy Quick Hit: After eviction, store the personal property either onsite or\noffsite. After 18 days have passed from the date landlord takes possession of\nthe premises (the last day for tenant to send a written request for return of\npersonal property), you may initiate the procedure for public sale.\n\nIf you disagree or have experiences that suggest otherwise, please email me\nthrough this site.\n\n### Contact Us\n\n### Recent Twitter Posts\n\nFollow @twitterapi Tweets by @ETMLawyer\n\nContinue to Twitter\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Quick Hits #1: California Post-Eviction Disposition of Tenant Personal Property\n * Estate Planning for the LGBT Community\n * Employment Discrimination Cases: Discovery to Beat Employer’s Motion for Summary Judgment\n * The Stick and the Carrot: Martinez and the “last offer rule”\n * A Refresher on California Anti-Dram Shop Laws and Liability for Serving Alcohol: Purton v. Marriott International\n\n### Categories\n\n * Uncategorized\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Practice Areas\n * Resources\n * Do You Need An Attorney?\n * Contact\n * Blog\n\nThe information on this website is for general information purposes only.\nNothing on this site should be taken as legal advice for any individual case\nor situation. This information is not intended to create, and receipt or\nviewing does not constitute, an attorney-client relationship.\n\n811 N. Catalina Ave., Ste. 2206 Redondo Beach, California 90277 (310) 318-1400\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.courts.ca.gov/selfhelp-eviction.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210531033607/https://www.courts.ca.gov/selfhelp-eviction.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "eviction_housing_selfhelp", "passages": [ "Breaks the lease or rental agreement and will not fix the problem (like keeping your cat when pets are not allowed);", "*If your city has rent control, these 2 reasons may not be good enough to evict a tenant. Contact your local city or county government office to find out if you live in a rent-controlled area. Or talk to your self-help center, or a lawyer for help.", "A landlord cannot evict a tenant for an illegal reason like discrimination or to get back at the tenant for taking action against the landlord, like filing a complaint because the property’s heating system is broken.", "Use LawhelpCalifornia: Housing to find a legal aid program in your county as well as other free or low-cost resources in your area.", "There is hot and cold running water, appropriate fixtures, an approved sewage system, and the water supply is not contaminated.*", "*The landlord must meet the standards in effect when installed as well as current building and house code standards. For more information, read California Civil Code section 1941.", "The landlord must also promptly repair problems related to the habitability items listed above. If the tenant gives notice of a problem and the landlord fails to fix it, the tenant may be able to pay for the repair and deduct the cost from the rent. This only applies if the cost is not more than 1 month’s rent. Read Civil Code section 1942.", "The landlord must give reasonable notice to the tenant before gaining entrance to the rental unit, unless there is an emergency that requires immediate entry (such as fixing a broken pipe).", "There are other responsibilities that landlords have, and you can read about them in the materials from the California Department of Consumer Affairs.", "There are other responsibilities that tenants have, and you can read about them in the materials from the California Department of Consumer Affairs.", "Click for interactive Google map listing of Self Help Centers and Family Law Facilitator locations, or click for a printer-friendly directory." ] }, "parsed_md": "Eviction - eviction_housing_selfhelp\n\nEviction\n\n * Home\n * Courts\n * Self-Help\n * Forms & Rules\n * Opinions\n * Programs\n * Policy & Administration\n * News & Reference\n\nAdvanced Search\n\nSelf-Help>Eviction & Housing>Eviction\n\n## Special Announcement\n\nPosted Friday, October 2, 2020\n\n## New laws apply to eviction cases for landlords and tenants\n\n# Eviction\n\n * Eviction & Housing\n * Eviction\n\n * New Laws Apply to Eviction Cases\n * Eviction: Landlords\n * Eviction: Tenants\n * Eviction Notices\n * Mediation in Eviction Cases: Resolving the Dispute Out of Court\n * Eviction: Special Situations and Property Types\n * Eviction: If the Tenant Has Moved Out\n * Eviction Forms\n * Eviction: Dismissing a Case\n * Foreclosure\n * Security Deposits\n * FAQs\n\nEspañol\n\nIn California, a landlord may be able to evict a tenant if the tenant:\n\n * Fails to pay the rent on time;\n * Breaks the lease or rental agreement and will not fix the problem (like keeping your cat when pets are not allowed);\n * Damages the property bringing down the value (commits \"waste\");\n * Becomes a serious nuisance by disturbing other tenants and neighbors even after being asked to stop; or\n * Uses the property to do something illegal.\n\nIn most cities, the landlord can also evict the tenant:\n\n * If the tenant stays after the lease is up,* or\n * If the landlord cancels the rental agreement by giving proper notice.*\n\n*If your city has rent control, these 2 reasons may not be good enough to evict a tenant. Contact your local city or county government office to find out if you live in a rent-controlled area. Or talk to your self-help center, or a lawyer for help.\n\nA landlord cannot evict a tenant for an illegal reason like discrimination or\nto get back at the tenant for taking action against the landlord, like filing\na complaint because the property’s heating system is broken.\n\nFind information on eviction for:\n\n## Find Help\n\nFor legal help with an eviction case:\n\n * Use LawhelpCalifornia: Housing to find a legal aid program in your county as well as other free or low-cost resources in your area.\n * Find help from your court.\n * Find your county's lawyer referral program.\n * Read about Mediation & Settlement for information about resolving your case out of court.\n * Find information about sexual harassment in housing.\n\n## Responsibilities of Landlords and Tenants\n\nLandlords must make sure:\n\n * The outside walls, windows, and doors protect tenants against water or weather.\n * The plumbing and gas fittings work properly.*\n * There is hot and cold running water, appropriate fixtures, an approved sewage system, and the water supply is not contaminated.*\n * There is a working heater.\n * There is adequate lighting and electrical wiring that meets safety standards.*\n * The premises and common areas must be clean and free from pests.\n * There are adequate garbage containers.\n * The floors, stairways and railings are not broken.\n\n*The landlord must meet the standards in effect when installed as well as current building and house code standards. For more information, read California Civil Code section 1941.\n\nThe landlord must also promptly repair problems related to the habitability\nitems listed above. If the tenant gives notice of a problem and the landlord\nfails to fix it, the tenant may be able to pay for the repair and deduct the\ncost from the rent. This only applies if the cost is not more than 1 month’s\nrent. Read Civil Code section 1942.\n\nThe landlord must give reasonable notice to the tenant before gaining entrance\nto the rental unit, unless there is an emergency that requires immediate entry\n(such as fixing a broken pipe).\n\nThere are other responsibilities that landlords have, and you can read about\nthem in the materials from the California Department of Consumer Affairs.\n\nTenants must:\n\n * Keep the rental unit clean.\n * Dispose of trash in a sanitary manner.\n * Operate electrical, gas, and plumbing fixtures properly.\n * Not damage or remove any part of the rental unit, its facilities, or equipment.\n * Use the rental unit as a home and live, sleep, cook and dine only in the intended areas.\n\nThere are other responsibilities that tenants have, and you can read about\nthem in the materials from the California Department of Consumer Affairs.\n\n## Related Links\n\n * Eviction Notices\n * Mediation & Settlement\n * Special Situations\n * Eviction Forms\n * Foreclosure\n * Security Deposits\n\n## California Self-Help and Family Law Facilitator Locations\n\nClick for interactive Google map listing of Self Help Centers and Family Law\nFacilitator locations, or click for a printer-friendly directory.\n\n© 2021 Judicial Council of California\n\nSite Map | Careers | Contact Us | Accessibility | Public Access to Records |\nTerms of Use | Privacy | Newsroom\n\nSite Map | Careers | Contact Us | Accessibility | Public Access to Records |\nTerms of Use | Privacy | Newsroom\n\n© 2021 Judicial Council of California\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.upcounsel.com/how-to-evict-a-tenant-in-california", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210503144426/https://www.upcounsel.com/how-to-evict-a-tenant-in-california", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Evict a Tenant in California", "passages": [ "Evicting a tenant under California law is a time-consuming, multi-step process. The only way to legally evict a tenant is by filing a lawsuit. Learn the steps necessary to evict a tenant. 10 min read", "Evicting a tenant under California law is a time-consuming, multi-step process. The only way to legally evict a tenant is by filing a lawsuit. Learn the steps necessary to evict a tenant.", "Evicting a tenant, or forcing a renter to move out of a dwelling that you own, under California law is a time-consuming, multi-step process. The only way to legally evict a tenant is by filing a lawsuit. As a landlord, you have the right to remove tenants who violate their lease agreements. Landlords often want to complete the eviction process quickly to avoid losing rent money and prevent other tenants from moving out due to dissatisfaction with living conditions.", "California calls eviction lawsuits unlawful detainer actions, and you should expect the entire process to take about one month. The landlord is the \"plaintiff,\" and the tenant is the \"defendant.\" The state of California also gives priority to eviction lawsuits over all other legal matters, aside from criminal cases.", "Before you can proceed with evicting a tenant, you must have a valid reason for doing so. Evictions are warranted when a tenant:", "A landlord is not allowed to use self-help measures to evict a tenant: You cannot physically lock out a tenant or cut off utilities. Landlords should never threaten their tenants with unlawful methods to evict or threaten deportation of immigrant tenants. You must go through this unlawful detainer process.", "If you do unlawful methods to evict tenants, they can sue you for damages, and you can be penalized up to $2,000 per instance that you used those methods. It is also illegal for you to file an unlawful detainer action in retaliation for the tenant exercising a right or complaining about the conditions to an inspector or agency.", "Rent in California is typically due on the first day of every month, even if the first falls on a holiday or weekend. However, if the lease agreement specifies a different date, all legal steps should reflect the due date in the document. If there is no set due date in the agreement, it will default to the first of the month.", "Prior to serving a tenant with a legal notice, you may want to contact the tenant yourself to try to resolve the situation. Some landlords opt to start the process with a legal mediator for a more peaceful situation. If these methods don't work, you can always go through the legal process.", "If you are evicting the tenant because of failure to pay rent, you must serve the tenant with a three-day notice of the rent due. The notice should state that if the tenant fails to pay the rent due within three days of the date of the notice, you will begin taking steps toward eviction. You can ask only for the amount that was actually due, so utilities and penalties must be excluded. The notice must also provide:", "Name, address, and phone number of the person or financial institution to whom the rent must be paid and include hours and days that the person or financial institution is available to receive the rent", "Many tenants in eviction cases will claim that the notices weren't served properly, so take great care to handle the process correctly and include all necessary information on the notice. A renter may also use an eviction notice to raise awareness about the landlord's wrongdoing. If a landlord breaks the law, this action could cause the case to swing in favor of the tenant.", "\"Serving\" the tenant means that you must try personally serving the tenant by directly handing the notice to the person or leaving it on the ground near the tenant if the person refuses to take it. If that arrangement isn't possible, then you can engage in \"substituted service,\" allowing you to leave the notice with someone who seems reasonably competent and is 18 years or older at the rental property or tenant's place of work and mailing a copy to the tenant. If that option isn't possible, then you are allowed to \"nail and mail\" by posting the notice on the tenant's door and mailing a copy to the tenant. Some counties require permission from the court to use the \"nail and mail\" option for serving the tenant.", "The three-day notice is also used when the tenant has violated a rental agreement provision. If the violation is correctable, such as having a pet when no pets are allowed, then you must give the tenant three days to remedy the problem. If the violation is based on illegal activity or other violations that aren't easily remedied, then the notice is an order for the tenant to leave the unit within three days.", "If you are evicting a tenant from a month-to-month lease, you will need to give the tenant a 30-day notice to move out. If the tenant has lived in the unit for more than one year, the notice must be extended to 60 days. In government-subsidized housing, the notice must be 90 days.", "Landlords do not have to give a 30-day notice if the tenant is creating a legal nuisance by engaging in criminal activity or endangering neighbors. You simply must provide a three-day notice to vacate the premises.", "The tenant has three options upon receipt of a three-day notice of the rent due. The tenant may pay the rent within the three-day window. Another option is that the tenant could move out within three days of receiving the three-day rent notice. The third option is not responding to the notice or moving out, which allows the landlord to move forward in the next step of eviction proceedings.", "Depending on the type of notice, you'll have to give the tenant a certain amount of time to remedy the grounds for eviction. A notice based on failure to pay rent requires that the landlord give the tenant three days to correct the problem and pay rent. A 30-day notice on a month-to-month or expired lease requires you to wait 30 days before you proceed with filing a lawsuit.", "You'll need to submit the Unlawful Detainer Complaint and the Civil Case Cover Sheet to the courthouse in the county where the rental property exists. The forms must be factually accurate, so be meticulous when filling them out. The clerk at the courthouse will give you a summons and a stamped copy of the Unlawful Detainer Complaint.", "Be sure to get a copy of the Prejudgment Right of Possession form or print one. This form is used when someone not listed on the rental agreement is living in the unit. You cannot legally evict a person living in a unit who is not named in the complaint, so you'll need to serve those unnamed occupants with a Prejudgment Right of Possession form and a copy of the complaint and summons. This action will automatically make them defendants in the lawsuit.", "From the time you file an Unlawful Detainer Complaint form, the process of getting the tenant evicted typically takes about two months, although eviction can take longer.", "As before, the complaint and summons must be properly served to the tenant. However, you cannot \"nail and mail\" a summons. After you serve the summons, file a proof of service with the court. Do not continue to reserve the tenant with notices, as this action will end the original case and open a new one, which will extend the waiting period and prolong the case.", "The tenant has five business days to file a \"response\" to the court to challenge the lawsuit. Responses from a tenant might include a motion to attack the method of service, a motion to answer the complaints received, or a motion to attack the sufficiency of the notice received.", "If the tenant fails to respond after five business days, you can ask for a default judgment by filing another form with the court. The clerk of court will set a court date, and you will have to give the judge enough evidence to show that you properly went through the eviction process and the tenant defaulted.", "You or the tenant may ask for a trial date, which is usually set within 10 to 20 days after the request. The time frame may vary depending on your area. You cannot collect rent from the tenant while awaiting a trial, but the tenant will be responsible for rent payment.", "The tenant may respond to your lawsuit by filing one of many legal objections to the notice, service, or the actual complaint. An objection to the method of service of the notice or complaint is a Motion to Quash Service of Summons, and an objection to the grounds for eviction is a Demurrer.", "You will have to respond to these objections in writing. If the court sides with the tenant, you'll be granted \"leave to amend,\" which is a second chance to show that you have a valid case or that you properly gave notice to and served the tenant. At this stage, if you lose a second time, your lawsuit may be dismissed, and you will have to start your lawsuit again. This part is particularly tricky, and you should seek help from an attorney.", "If the tenant \"answers\" the complaint, then a trial date is set. Both sides will be able to present evidence and explain their cases to the judge at trial, so collect as much documentation as possible to show that this eviction is warranted.", "Make sure to bring records of violations, notices, and the lease agreement with you to court. Most proceedings for eviction take about one hour. But if the defendant brings significant information, the case could take longer.", "If the judge rules in your favor at the trial, the court will issue a Writ of Possession, which gives a sheriff the power to physically lock the tenant out of the rental property if the tenant does not voluntarily vacate within five days. Depending on the circumstances and provisions in the rental agreement, the court may also order the tenant to pay any unpaid rent, attorney's fees, or up to a $600 penalty. A landlord cannot legally try to evict a tenant without the Writ of Possession from the court and without having a sheriff present during the eviction.", "The sheriff typically has three to 15 days to post the notice on the dwelling; then, the tenant has five days from the date of the notice posting to vacate the property. If the tenant does not leave, the sheriff will return within six to 15 days to physically remove the tenant from the property.", "If the tenant leaves any personal items behind, you will need to research local ordinances in the county or city where the property is located. Some municipalities require the landlord to give notice to the tenant to collect the items, while others allow the landlord to sell or dispose of them.", "When a case gets ruled in favor of a landlord, the tenant is found both liable and guilty. The conviction will stay on the tenant's record for up to 10 years and could arise during background checks when applying to rent another residence.", "Special protections are in place for tenants of properties under foreclosure under the Protecting Tenants at Foreclosure Act (PTFA). If the tenant is bona fide, which means the individual is the original tenant on the lease agreement, these protections restrict a new owner or financial institution from evicting that tenant. Bona fide tenants do not include spouses, children, or parents of a former owner.", "If a bank takes ownership of a property, it must give a month-to-month tenant at least a 90-day notice to move out. But if the tenant has a current lease, a bank cannot issue the 90-day notice until a buyer is ready to move into the property as the person's primary residence. If the property gets sold to an investor or someone who plans to use the property as a vacation or second home, neither the new owner nor the bank can evict a tenant maintaining a current lease agreement.", "If you're in any of these complex situations, you should hire an attorney to help make sure that you're not violating any laws. By following the process, you can avoid losing rental income and prevent getting involved in a lengthy legal matter, which could take months to resolve.", "Evicting a tenant under California laws is a complicated process. UpCounsel has many experienced landlord-tenant attorneys who are willing to help you through these steps. You can find more information about the eviction process on the California Department of Consumer Affairs website.", "Post a job on UpCounsel, get free proposals, and connect with quality real estate attorneys in California today who can help you with evicting a tenant.", "easier for businesses to find and hire legal help solely based on their preferences. We are not a law firm, do not provide any legal services, legal advice or \"lawyer referral services\" and do not provide or participate in any legal representation." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Evict a Tenant in California - Free Legal Resource\n\n# How to Evict a Tenant in California\n\nEvicting a tenant under California law is a time-consuming, multi-step\nprocess. The only way to legally evict a tenant is by filing a lawsuit. Learn\nthe steps necessary to evict a tenant. 10 min read\n\nUpdated June 23, 2020:\n\n## How to Evict a Tenant in California\n\nEvicting a tenant under California law is a time-consuming, multi-step\nprocess. The only way to legally evict a tenant is by filing a lawsuit. Learn\nthe steps necessary to evict a tenant.\n\n## A Guide for Landlords on How to Evict a Tenant in California\n\nEvicting a tenant, or forcing a renter to move out of a dwelling that you own,\nunder California law is a time-consuming, multi-step process. The only way to\nlegally evict a tenant is by filing a lawsuit. As a landlord, you have the\nright to remove tenants who violate their lease agreements. Landlords often\nwant to complete the eviction process quickly to avoid losing rent money and\nprevent other tenants from moving out due to dissatisfaction with living\nconditions.\n\nCalifornia calls eviction lawsuits unlawful detainer actions, and you should\nexpect the entire process to take about one month. The landlord is the\n\"plaintiff,\" and the tenant is the \"defendant.\" The state of California also\ngives priority to eviction lawsuits over all other legal matters, aside from\ncriminal cases.\n\nThis guide will outline all the steps necessary to evict a tenant.\n\n## 1\\. Make sure that you have legal grounds to evict the tenant\n\nBefore you can proceed with evicting a tenant, you must have a valid reason\nfor doing so. Evictions are warranted when a tenant:\n\n * Fails to pay rent\n * Damages property and brings down its value\n * Violates the terms of the rental contract and will not fix any problems\n * Stays after the lease is up\n * Uses the property for an unlawful purpose\n * Uses, manufactures, sells, or possesses illegal drugs on the property\n * Causes a significant nuisance to other neighbors and tenants, even after being asked to stop\n\nYou can also evict a tenant from a month-to-month tenancy by giving proper\nnotice.\n\nA landlord is not allowed to use self-help measures to evict a tenant: You\ncannot physically lock out a tenant or cut off utilities. Landlords should\nnever threaten their tenants with unlawful methods to evict or threaten\ndeportation of immigrant tenants. You must go through this unlawful detainer\nprocess.\n\nIf you do unlawful methods to evict tenants, they can sue you for damages, and\nyou can be penalized up to $2,000 per instance that you used those methods. It\nis also illegal for you to file an unlawful detainer action in retaliation for\nthe tenant exercising a right or complaining about the conditions to an\ninspector or agency.\n\nRent in California is typically due on the first day of every month, even if\nthe first falls on a holiday or weekend. However, if the lease agreement\nspecifies a different date, all legal steps should reflect the due date in the\ndocument. If there is no set due date in the agreement, it will default to the\nfirst of the month.\n\n## 2\\. Serve tenant with an appropriate notice\n\nPrior to serving a tenant with a legal notice, you may want to contact the\ntenant yourself to try to resolve the situation. Some landlords opt to start\nthe process with a legal mediator for a more peaceful situation. If these\nmethods don't work, you can always go through the legal process.\n\nIf you are evicting the tenant because of failure to pay rent, you must serve\nthe tenant with a three-day notice of the rent due. The notice should state\nthat if the tenant fails to pay the rent due within three days of the date of\nthe notice, you will begin taking steps toward eviction. You can ask only for\nthe amount that was actually due, so utilities and penalties must be excluded.\nThe notice must also provide:\n\n * Name, address, and phone number of the person or financial institution to whom the rent must be paid and include hours and days that the person or financial institution is available to receive the rent\n * Date you served the demand to the tenant\n * Name(s) and address(es) of the tenant(s)\n * Total amount of rent due\n * A certificate of service that specifies how you provided the notice to the tenant\n * The signature of the landlord\n\nMany tenants in eviction cases will claim that the notices weren't served\nproperly, so take great care to handle the process correctly and include all\nnecessary information on the notice. A renter may also use an eviction notice\nto raise awareness about the landlord's wrongdoing. If a landlord breaks the\nlaw, this action could cause the case to swing in favor of the tenant.\n\n\"Serving\" the tenant means that you must try personally serving the tenant by\ndirectly handing the notice to the person or leaving it on the ground near the\ntenant if the person refuses to take it. If that arrangement isn't possible,\nthen you can engage in \"substituted service,\" allowing you to leave the notice\nwith someone who seems reasonably competent and is 18 years or older at the\nrental property or tenant's place of work and mailing a copy to the tenant. If\nthat option isn't possible, then you are allowed to \"nail and mail\" by posting\nthe notice on the tenant's door and mailing a copy to the tenant. Some\ncounties require permission from the court to use the \"nail and mail\" option\nfor serving the tenant.\n\nThe three-day notice is also used when the tenant has violated a rental\nagreement provision. If the violation is correctable, such as having a pet\nwhen no pets are allowed, then you must give the tenant three days to remedy\nthe problem. If the violation is based on illegal activity or other violations\nthat aren't easily remedied, then the notice is an order for the tenant to\nleave the unit within three days.\n\nIf you are evicting a tenant from a month-to-month lease, you will need to\ngive the tenant a 30-day notice to move out. If the tenant has lived in the\nunit for more than one year, the notice must be extended to 60 days. In\ngovernment-subsidized housing, the notice must be 90 days.\n\nLandlords do not have to give a 30-day notice if the tenant is creating a\nlegal nuisance by engaging in criminal activity or endangering neighbors. You\nsimply must provide a three-day notice to vacate the premises.\n\nThe tenant has three options upon receipt of a three-day notice of the rent\ndue. The tenant may pay the rent within the three-day window. Another option\nis that the tenant could move out within three days of receiving the three-day\nrent notice. The third option is not responding to the notice or moving out,\nwhich allows the landlord to move forward in the next step of eviction\nproceedings.\n\n## 3\\. Wait for the notice to expire\n\nDepending on the type of notice, you'll have to give the tenant a certain\namount of time to remedy the grounds for eviction. A notice based on failure\nto pay rent requires that the landlord give the tenant three days to correct\nthe problem and pay rent. A 30-day notice on a month-to-month or expired lease\nrequires you to wait 30 days before you proceed with filing a lawsuit.\n\n## 4\\. File all legal documents with the court\n\nThree forms are necessary to proceed with an Unlawful Detainer Complaint:\n\n * Unlawful Detainer Complaint\n * Civil Case Cover Sheet\n * Prejudgment Right of Possession Form\n\nYou'll need to submit the Unlawful Detainer Complaint and the Civil Case Cover\nSheet to the courthouse in the county where the rental property exists. The\nforms must be factually accurate, so be meticulous when filling them out. The\nclerk at the courthouse will give you a summons and a stamped copy of the\nUnlawful Detainer Complaint.\n\nBe sure to get a copy of the Prejudgment Right of Possession form or print\none. This form is used when someone not listed on the rental agreement is\nliving in the unit. You cannot legally evict a person living in a unit who is\nnot named in the complaint, so you'll need to serve those unnamed occupants\nwith a Prejudgment Right of Possession form and a copy of the complaint and\nsummons. This action will automatically make them defendants in the lawsuit.\n\nFrom the time you file an Unlawful Detainer Complaint form, the process of\ngetting the tenant evicted typically takes about two months, although eviction\ncan take longer.\n\n## 5\\. Serve the tenant with the proper legal documents\n\nAs before, the complaint and summons must be properly served to the tenant.\nHowever, you cannot \"nail and mail\" a summons. After you serve the summons,\nfile a proof of service with the court. Do not continue to reserve the tenant\nwith notices, as this action will end the original case and open a new one,\nwhich will extend the waiting period and prolong the case.\n\n## 6\\. Wait for the tenant to respond to the lawsuit\n\nThe tenant has five business days to file a \"response\" to the court to\nchallenge the lawsuit. Responses from a tenant might include a motion to\nattack the method of service, a motion to answer the complaints received, or a\nmotion to attack the sufficiency of the notice received.\n\nIf the tenant fails to respond after five business days, you can ask for a\ndefault judgment by filing another form with the court. The clerk of court\nwill set a court date, and you will have to give the judge enough evidence to\nshow that you properly went through the eviction process and the tenant\ndefaulted.\n\n## 7\\. Go through the court process\n\nYou or the tenant may ask for a trial date, which is usually set within 10 to\n20 days after the request. The time frame may vary depending on your area. You\ncannot collect rent from the tenant while awaiting a trial, but the tenant\nwill be responsible for rent payment.\n\nThe tenant may respond to your lawsuit by filing one of many legal objections\nto the notice, service, or the actual complaint. An objection to the method of\nservice of the notice or complaint is a Motion to Quash Service of Summons,\nand an objection to the grounds for eviction is a Demurrer.\n\nYou will have to respond to these objections in writing. If the court sides\nwith the tenant, you'll be granted \"leave to amend,\" which is a second chance\nto show that you have a valid case or that you properly gave notice to and\nserved the tenant. At this stage, if you lose a second time, your lawsuit may\nbe dismissed, and you will have to start your lawsuit again. This part is\nparticularly tricky, and you should seek help from an attorney.\n\nIf the tenant \"answers\" the complaint, then a trial date is set. Both sides\nwill be able to present evidence and explain their cases to the judge at\ntrial, so collect as much documentation as possible to show that this eviction\nis warranted.\n\nMake sure to bring records of violations, notices, and the lease agreement\nwith you to court. Most proceedings for eviction take about one hour. But if\nthe defendant brings significant information, the case could take longer.\n\nIf the judge rules in your favor at the trial, the court will issue a Writ of\nPossession, which gives a sheriff the power to physically lock the tenant out\nof the rental property if the tenant does not voluntarily vacate within five\ndays. Depending on the circumstances and provisions in the rental agreement,\nthe court may also order the tenant to pay any unpaid rent, attorney's fees,\nor up to a $600 penalty. A landlord cannot legally try to evict a tenant\nwithout the Writ of Possession from the court and without having a sheriff\npresent during the eviction.\n\nThe sheriff typically has three to 15 days to post the notice on the dwelling;\nthen, the tenant has five days from the date of the notice posting to vacate\nthe property. If the tenant does not leave, the sheriff will return within six\nto 15 days to physically remove the tenant from the property.\n\nIf the tenant leaves any personal items behind, you will need to research\nlocal ordinances in the county or city where the property is located. Some\nmunicipalities require the landlord to give notice to the tenant to collect\nthe items, while others allow the landlord to sell or dispose of them.\n\nWhen a case gets ruled in favor of a landlord, the tenant is found both liable\nand guilty. The conviction will stay on the tenant's record for up to 10 years\nand could arise during background checks when applying to rent another\nresidence.\n\nAdditional situations can make evicting a tenant more complicated:\n\n * The tenant works for you while living on the property\n * The tenant lives in a residential hotel\n * The tenant lives in an RV park or mobile home\n * The tenant rents a foreclosed unit\n\nSpecial protections are in place for tenants of properties under foreclosure\nunder the Protecting Tenants at Foreclosure Act (PTFA). If the tenant is bona\nfide, which means the individual is the original tenant on the lease\nagreement, these protections restrict a new owner or financial institution\nfrom evicting that tenant. Bona fide tenants do not include spouses, children,\nor parents of a former owner.\n\nIf a bank takes ownership of a property, it must give a month-to-month tenant\nat least a 90-day notice to move out. But if the tenant has a current lease, a\nbank cannot issue the 90-day notice until a buyer is ready to move into the\nproperty as the person's primary residence. If the property gets sold to an\ninvestor or someone who plans to use the property as a vacation or second\nhome, neither the new owner nor the bank can evict a tenant maintaining a\ncurrent lease agreement.\n\nIf you're in any of these complex situations, you should hire an attorney to\nhelp make sure that you're not violating any laws. By following the process,\nyou can avoid losing rental income and prevent getting involved in a lengthy\nlegal matter, which could take months to resolve.\n\nEvicting a tenant under California laws is a complicated process. UpCounsel\nhas many experienced landlord-tenant attorneys who are willing to help you\nthrough these steps. You can find more information about the eviction process\non the California Department of Consumer Affairs website.\n\nRelated real estate legal documents:\n\nThree-day Notice to Pay Rent\n\n30-day Notice\n\nUnlawful Detainer Complaint\n\nCivil Case Cover Sheet\n\nPrejudgment Right of Possession Form\n\n## Need Help Evicting a Tenant?\n\nPost a job on UpCounsel, get free proposals, and connect with quality real\nestate attorneys in California today who can help you with evicting a tenant.\n\nWas this document helpful? Share it with your network!\n\nThe Best Lawyers For Less\n\nHire the top business lawyers and save up to 60% on legal fees\n\nPost a Job\n\nTrusted By\n\nContent Approved by UpCounsel\n\nRelated Articles\n\n * Evicting a Commercial Tenant in Illinois\n * Commercial Lease Eviction\n * Tenant Contracts\n * Landlord Contracts\n * Rental Contracts\n * Wisconsin Commercial Lease Agreement\n * Addendum to Commercial Lease Agreement Extension\n * Commercial Lease Agreement With Option to Purchase\n * Corporate Housing Lease Agreement\n * Commercial Lease Agreement NC: Everything You Need To Know\n\nPopular Cities\n\n * Atlanta Real Estate Lawyers\n * Austin Real Estate Lawyers\n * Boston Real Estate Lawyers\n * Chicago Real Estate Lawyers\n * Dallas Real Estate Lawyers\n * Houston Real Estate Lawyers\n * Los Angeles Real Estate Lawyers\n * New York Real Estate Lawyers\n * Philadelphia Real Estate Lawyers\n * San Francisco Real Estate Lawyers\n * Seattle Real Estate Lawyers\n * Charlotte Real Estate Lawyers\n * Denver Real Estate Lawyers\n * Jacksonville Real Estate Lawyers\n * Las Vegas Real Estate Lawyers\n * Phoenix Real Estate Lawyers\n * Portland Real Estate Lawyers\n * San Antonio Real Estate Lawyers\n * San Diego Real Estate Lawyers\n * San Jose Real Estate Lawyers\n * View All Real Estate Lawyers\n\nWant High Quality, Transparent, and Affordable Legal Services?\n\nGet Free Proposals\n\nZip Code\n\nGet Free Proposals\n\nZip Code\n\nGet Free Proposals\n\nNavigation\n\n * How it Works\n * Open Attorney Slots\n * Free Legal Documents\n * Blog\n * Sitemap\n\nAbout\n\n * The Company\n * Careers\n * Customers\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n\nContact\n\n * Visit our Support Center\n * Contact\n * Sales\n * Press\n\n###### UpCounsel is an interactive online service that makes it faster and\neasier for businesses to find and hire legal help solely based on their\npreferences. We are not a law firm, do not provide any legal services, legal\nadvice or \"lawyer referral services\" and do not provide or participate in any\nlegal representation.\n\n##### © 2021 UpCounsel LLC\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.rocketlawyer.com/article/evicting-a-tenant-in-california.rl", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210516023913/https://www.rocketlawyer.com/article/evicting-a-tenant-in-california.rl", "parsed_text": { "title": "Evicting a Tenant in California", "passages": [ "If you're thinking about evicting a tenant in California, you’ll first need a reason that complies with the law. The most common reasons to evict a tenant include failure to pay rent, damage to the property, or violation of the lease or rental agreement.", "The tenant stays after the lease is up and refuses to leave voluntarily after being given the proper notice to move, or", "The landlord terminates the rental agreement for a valid reason and the tenant refuses to leave on his or her own after being given the proper notice.", "If your situation meets the above criteria, you may be able to evict your tenant. But, if you’ve never had a problem with the tenant or if you simply don’t want to go through the court process, you should think about hiring a mediator or solving the problem yourself through something like negotiation first. You can generally evict a tenant through the courts afterwards if mediation or negotiations don’t work.", "If you want to start the process of evicting a tenant in California, you can serve your tenant an Eviction Notice. Depending on your situation, this notice may or may not have to include the reason or reasons for eviction:", "For example, if the tenant is failing to do something—such as pay rent—the notice will have to state this and state a time and manner in which the tenant has to pay rent in order to avoid eviction. If your tenant corrects the problem, you no longer have cause for eviction. If your tenant does not remedy the problem within the time provided, you may file an “Unlawful Detainer” lawsuit.", "If the notice does not need to have a reason or reasons for the eviction—such as a 30-day notice to move out of a month-to-month tenancy—you may file an lawsuit as soon as the notice period ends.", "Whether you have to include a reason for eviction can also depend upon whether your city or county has special rules like rent control ordinances.", "The process should take about two months. During this time, you as the landlord may not be able to accept rent, but the tenant will ultimately be liable for it.", "If you win, the tenant will generally be given five days to vacate, though this depends on how fast the sheriff posts the lock-out order and on whether the tenant can obtain additional time. The lock-out order allows the sheriff to physically lock the tenant out of the rental property.", "Evicting a tenant in California can be complicated and it’s never a bad idea to speak with a real estate attorney. You should especially consider doing this if:", "The tenant works for you and lives on the property: If you’re employing the tenant and, as a condition of this employment, the tenant does not pay rent, you can usually file a lawsuit once the tenant no longer works for you. (The tenant can either be fired or can quit.)", "The tenant lives in a residential hotel: If the tenant lives in a hotel with more than six rooms for more than 30 days and the hotel is the tenant’s primary residence, they will usually be granted the rights of a regular tenant.", "The tenant lives in a mobile home or RV park: This varies significantly between counties and it’s highly recommended to contact your local superior court or a real estate attorney.", "There is a foreclosure on a rental unit: A tenant living in a unit that has been foreclosed upon can generally NOT be evicted when that property is purchased by a new owner. However, there are many potential scenarios in this case, and contacting a lawyer is a good idea.", "As you can see, evicting a tenant in California can be complicated. But an Eviction Notice is generally a necessity. Look at a Sample Eviction Notice now.", "Andy I. Chen is a general practice lawyer based in Los Altos, California. Fluent in Mandarin-Chinese, Andy takes a variety of transactional and litigation cases all throughout Northern California. Andy has been practicing law since 2009 and is licensed in California and New York. He also maintains an active pro bono practice helping both current and former members of the US military.", "This article contains general legal information and does not contain legal advice. Rocket Lawyer is not a law firm or a substitute for an attorney or law firm. The law is complex and changes often. For legal advice, please ask a lawyer.", "\"The Rocket Lawyer website is FAR easier to use than any other \"document library\" I've ever found online. It's one of the top resources I recommend, because they're excellent at what they do.\"", "\"I highly recommend Rocket Lawyer for anyone with 1 to 1,000 rental properties—get a subscription to their services and it will save you down the road.\"", "Copyright Rocket Lawyer Incorporated. Rocket Lawyer provides legal information and other services through this site. Rocket Lawyer is not a \"lawyer referral service\" or a law firm, does not provide legal advice or representation (except in certain jurisdictions), and is not intended as a substitute for an attorney or law firm. In Utah, Rocket Lawyer is a nonlawyer-owned company authorized to provide legal services, including the practice of law, by the Utah Supreme Court; further information regarding this authorization can be found in our Terms of Service. Use of Rocket Lawyer is subject to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy." ] }, "parsed_md": "Evicting a Tenant in California\n\nExplore\n\nMake a documentSign documents Start a businessAsk a lawyerSolutionsPricing\n\nAccount\n\nSign upSign in\n\nGet help\n\nSee our FAQsSend an emailChat onlineCall (877) 881-0947\n\nMake documents\n\nEasily make legal documents\n\nFind your document\n\nPopular legal documents\n\nBusiness and contracts\n\nReal estate\n\nFamily and personal\n\nNon-Disclosure AgreementLLC Operating AgreementIndependent Contractor\nAgreementBusiness Contract\n\nLease AgreementEviction NoticeIntent to Purchase Real Estate Quitclaim Deed\n\nLast Will and TestamentLiving WillDivorce Settlement AgreementChild Care\nAuthorization\n\nSign documents\n\nStart a business\n\nLet us help you incorporate your business\n\nGet started\n\nPopular business topics\n\nStarting a business\n\nBusiness operations\n\nBusiness property\n\nForm an LLCIncorporate a business Start a non-profit\n\nEmployment and HRCorporate complianceSee all business legal services\n\nRental formsTrademark registrationCopyright protection\n\nAsk a lawyer\n\nGet fast legal advice from an attorney\n\nAsk your question\n\nPopular legal topics\n\nBusiness and contracts\n\nFinance and real estate\n\nFamily and personal\n\nStarting a businessContracts and business transactionsIntellectual property\n\nLandlords Home ownershipTaxes\n\nEstate planningMarriageDivorce\n\nSolutions\n\nLearn more about Rocket Lawyer\n\nContact us\n\nHow it worksFor employersFor small businessFor developers For lawyersAbout us\n\nPricing\n\nSign in Sign up\n\n * See our FAQs\n * Send an email\n * Chat online\n * Call (877) 881-0947\n\n{{firstName}} {{lastName}}\n\nUse Rocketlawyer as:\n\n{{account.info.first_name}} {{account.info.last_name}} {{account.info.name}}\n\nDashboard Account Settings Sign out\n\nSee our FAQs Send an email Call us: (877) 881-0947\n\n * Back to ActivitiesBack to ExploreBack to Search\n * {{breadCrumb.title}}\n\n * {{breadCrumb.title}}\n\nAnswers > Real Estate > Landlord > Evictions >\n\n# Evicting a Tenant in California\n\n# Real Estate Evictions\n\nReviewed by On Call Attorney Andy I. Chen\n\nIf you're thinking about evicting a tenant in California, you’ll first need a\nreason that complies with the law. The most common reasons to evict a tenant\ninclude failure to pay rent, damage to the property, or violation of the lease\nor rental agreement.\n\nGet started Start Your Eviction Notice Answer a few questions. We'll take care\nof the rest.\n\nIn California, you may also evict a tenant if:\n\n * The tenant stays after the lease is up and refuses to leave voluntarily after being given the proper notice to move, or\n * The landlord terminates the rental agreement for a valid reason and the tenant refuses to leave on his or her own after being given the proper notice.\n\nIf your situation meets the above criteria, you may be able to evict your\ntenant. But, if you’ve never had a problem with the tenant or if you simply\ndon’t want to go through the court process, you should think about hiring a\nmediator or solving the problem yourself through something like negotiation\nfirst. You can generally evict a tenant through the courts afterwards if\nmediation or negotiations don’t work.\n\n## Getting Started\n\nIf you want to start the process of evicting a tenant in California, you can\nserve your tenant an Eviction Notice. Depending on your situation, this notice\nmay or may not have to include the reason or reasons for eviction:\n\n * For example, if the tenant is failing to do something—such as pay rent—the notice will have to state this and state a time and manner in which the tenant has to pay rent in order to avoid eviction. If your tenant corrects the problem, you no longer have cause for eviction. If your tenant does not remedy the problem within the time provided, you may file an “Unlawful Detainer” lawsuit.\n * If the notice does not need to have a reason or reasons for the eviction—such as a 30-day notice to move out of a month-to-month tenancy—you may file an lawsuit as soon as the notice period ends.\n * Whether you have to include a reason for eviction can also depend upon whether your city or county has special rules like rent control ordinances.\n\n## What’s an “Unlawful Detainer” Lawsuit?\n\nAn “unlawful detainer” suit is what California calls an eviction lawsuit. Once\nyou file, expect that:\n\n * The process should take about two months. During this time, you as the landlord may not be able to accept rent, but the tenant will ultimately be liable for it.\n * The tenant has about five days to respond after being served with your complaint.\n * The court will then schedule a trial within 20 days or so of your request.\n * The trial usually takes about an hour.\n\nIf you win, the tenant will generally be given five days to vacate, though\nthis depends on how fast the sheriff posts the lock-out order and on whether\nthe tenant can obtain additional time. The lock-out order allows the sheriff\nto physically lock the tenant out of the rental property.\n\n## When to Talk to a Lawyer\n\nEvicting a tenant in California can be complicated and it’s never a bad idea\nto speak with a real estate attorney. You should especially consider doing\nthis if:\n\n * The tenant works for you and lives on the property: If you’re employing the tenant and, as a condition of this employment, the tenant does not pay rent, you can usually file a lawsuit once the tenant no longer works for you. (The tenant can either be fired or can quit.)\n * The tenant lives in a residential hotel: If the tenant lives in a hotel with more than six rooms for more than 30 days and the hotel is the tenant’s primary residence, they will usually be granted the rights of a regular tenant.\n * The tenant lives in a mobile home or RV park: This varies significantly between counties and it’s highly recommended to contact your local superior court or a real estate attorney.\n * There is a foreclosure on a rental unit: A tenant living in a unit that has been foreclosed upon can generally NOT be evicted when that property is purchased by a new owner. However, there are many potential scenarios in this case, and contacting a lawyer is a good idea.\n\nAs you can see, evicting a tenant in California can be complicated. But an\nEviction Notice is generally a necessity. Look at a Sample Eviction Notice\nnow.\n\nAndy I. Chen is a general practice lawyer based in Los Altos, California.\nFluent in Mandarin-Chinese, Andy takes a variety of transactional and\nlitigation cases all throughout Northern California. Andy has been practicing\nlaw since 2009 and is licensed in California and New York. He also maintains\nan active pro bono practice helping both current and former members of the US\nmilitary.\n\nGet started Start Your Eviction Notice Answer a few questions. We'll take care\nof the rest.\n\nGet started Start Your Eviction Notice Answer a few questions. We'll take care\nof the rest.\n\nThis article contains general legal information and does not contain legal\nadvice. Rocket Lawyer is not a law firm or a substitute for an attorney or law\nfirm. The law is complex and changes often. For legal advice, please ask a\nlawyer.\n\n#### Related Documents\n\n * Alabama Eviction Notice\n * Alaska Eviction Notice\n * Illinois Eviction Notice\n\n#### Related Topics\n\n * Avoid the Eviction Process with a Mediator\n * Eviction and Leasing\n * What Is an Unlawful Detainer?\n\n## Customers love us\n\nKasia M.\n\n### A helpful tool\n\n\"Rocket Lawyer is a helpful tool for professionals who need legal documents at\nan affordable price.\"\n\nSeth W.\n\n### Easy to use\n\n\"The Rocket Lawyer website is FAR easier to use than any other \"document\nlibrary\" I've ever found online. It's one of the top resources I recommend,\nbecause they're excellent at what they do.\"\n\nDana D.\n\n### You won't regret it\n\n\"I highly recommend Rocket Lawyer for anyone with 1 to 1,000 rental\nproperties—get a subscription to their services and it will save you down the\nroad.\"\n\n## All the legal help you need. Anytime. Anywhere.\n\nMake legal documents\n\n Find and customize legal documents for hundreds of purposes.\n\nGet legal advice\n\n You don't speak legalese? No problem. 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Rocket Lawyer is not a \"lawyer referral\nservice\" or a law firm, does not provide legal advice or representation\n(except in certain jurisdictions), and is not intended as a substitute for an\nattorney or law firm. In Utah, Rocket Lawyer is a nonlawyer-owned company\nauthorized to provide legal services, including the practice of law, by the\nUtah Supreme Court; further information regarding this authorization can be\nfound in our Terms of Service. Use of Rocket Lawyer is subject to our Terms of\nService and Privacy Policy.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://homeguides.sfgate.com/long-evict-tenant-california-8035.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210304012939/https://homeguides.sfgate.com/long-evict-tenant-california-8035.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Long Does it Take to Evict a Tenant in California?", "passages": [ "The eviction process, referred to as an \"unlawful detainer\" lawsuit in California, can move quickly, with an eviction happening within days of the first notice to vacate. This is rare, however, since most tenants fight to remain in their home, extending the process for weeks, if not months. Follow court protocol to expedite the process, ensuring the judge rules in your favor. Courts do give priority to eviction cases, but cases get delayed if the court's calendar is booked.", "Determine a legal reason or basis for the eviction. Basis includes failure to pay rent, use of the property for illegal purposes, manufacture of drugs on the property, failure to leave after a lease expiration, damage to the property or being a nuisance to the neighborhood. It's also possible to evict tenants if lease terms are violated, such as having a dog on the property when the lease explicitly states \"no pets.\"", "Once you've determined the basis for the eviction, inform the tenants with the appropriate notice. There are three-day, 30-day and 90-day notices for eviction; each covers a different type of eviction basis:", "Three-day notice: Used for one of three types of eviction: failure to pay rent, failure to perform covenants (follow the lease terms) or failure to quit (stop doing activities determined to be a nuisance). If a tenant leaves after a three-day notice to vacate, there is no reason to continue with further court actions.", "30-day notice: Used on month-to-month leases where the landlord wants the tenant to leave, but the tenant refuses. There is also a 60-day notice for a month-to-month lease, used if the tenant has been there for more than a year.", "90-day notice: Used when the tenant is getting some type of subsidized housing. The landlord must have a good reason for the eviction if none of the other eviction reasons apply.", "All notices must be in writing. State the names of all tenants, the physical address of the rental property and the reason the eviction notice was generated. Clearly state any violations, including nonpayment of rent, lease violations or records of nuisance activities. Note that notices for unpaid rent or to quit certain activities automatically allow the tenant to rectify the issue within three days and nullify the eviction.", "Check county rules for properly serving notice. Options include physically handing the notice to the tenant, giving the notice to another adult in the household or posting it with a copy also mailed. If the notice expires without remedy, the next step is to file an unlawful detainer suit in court.", "Eviction cases are heard in California Superior Courts. Go to the Superior Court where the property resides to complete and file the forms. You must complete three forms:", "Complaint: States to the court who you are. The landlord is the plaintiff in an eviction. The complaint also names the tenants as defendants and states the property address.", "Summons: Provides notice to the tenants, who then have five days to file a response with the court. For example, the tenants might claim that the water was turned off without reason for an extended period of time and that is why they didn't pay the rent.", "Cover sheet: Used by the courts for case assignment. You submit this administrative information sheet with a fee, about $435, to file the unlawful detainer case. Pay the fee and obtain the court date.", "As with the initial notice, three types of acceptable service exist in most counties. Confirm with the court clerk if there are any exceptions in your location. The three service options are personal service, substituted service or posting and mailing.", "Personal service is where the landlord or someone else, perhaps a hired process server, physically gives the notice to the tenant. If the tenant refuses service, the notice can be left close to the tenant. Substituted service means the actual tenant is not home but someone 18 years or older at the house accepts the notice. Posting and mailing is putting the notice on the front door and mailing a copy to the tenant.", "Posting and mailing the court filing is only acceptable if the other types of service have failed and the court gives you permission to use this method.", "File proof of service with the court. Remember that the tenant has five days after the notice is served to provide the court with a response.", "Go to the trial with all evidence and any witnesses who support your case. The more evidence you have, along with the absence of evidence from the defendants, the more likely the judge is to rule in your favor. Witnesses should be people who have specifically witnessed issues stated in your court filing, such as prohibited pets, late-night parties or illicit activity.", "Once you win the judgment, have the sheriff serve a five-day notice to vacate. While the tenants can ask the court for a stay, meaning more time to move, the reason must be extreme, such as a medical condition requiring more time to vacate.", "Kimberlee Leonard lived in the Bay Area while going to school at the University of San Francisco. Before becoming a full-time writer, she worked for major financial institutions such as Wells Fargo and State Farm. She has developed content for brands such as Trupanion, Live Your Aloha, Neil Patel and Home To Go. She currently lives in her home state of Hawaii with her active son and lazy dog." ] }, "parsed_md": "How Long Does it Take to Evict a Tenant in California? | Home Guides | SF Gate\n\n * ## NEWS\n\n * ## SPORTS\n\n * ## LOCAL\n\n * ## CULTURE\n\n * ## COMMUTING\n\n * ## FOOD + DRINK\n\n * ## TRAVEL\n\n * ## REAL ESTATE\n\n * ## OBITS\n\n * ## COUPONS\n\n# How Long Does it Take to Evict a Tenant in California?\n\n * Home Guides\n\n|\n\n * Home\n\n|\n\n * Home Finance\n\n|\n\n * Renting and Tenant Rights\n\nBy Kimberlee Leonard Updated December 29, 2018\n\n#### Related Articles\n\n * Can a Tenant Be Evicted in California for an Unpaid Deposit?\n * Can You Take a Tenant to Small Claims?\n * What Is Considered Abandoment of a Rental Property?\n * A Tenant Is Filing Bankruptcy & Owes Back Rent\n * Can a Landlord Deliver a 3-Day Notice to Your Job?\n\nThe eviction process, referred to as an \"unlawful detainer\" lawsuit in\nCalifornia, can move quickly, with an eviction happening within days of the\nfirst notice to vacate. This is rare, however, since most tenants fight to\nremain in their home, extending the process for weeks, if not months. Follow\ncourt protocol to expedite the process, ensuring the judge rules in your\nfavor. Courts do give priority to eviction cases, but cases get delayed if the\ncourt's calendar is booked.\n\n## Determine the Reason for Eviction\n\nDetermine a legal reason or basis for the eviction. Basis includes failure to\npay rent, use of the property for illegal purposes, manufacture of drugs on\nthe property, failure to leave after a lease expiration, damage to the\nproperty or being a nuisance to the neighborhood. It's also possible to evict\ntenants if lease terms are violated, such as having a dog on the property when\nthe lease explicitly states \"no pets.\"\n\n## Give the Tenant Proper Notice\n\nOnce you've determined the basis for the eviction, inform the tenants with the\nappropriate notice. There are three-day, 30-day and 90-day notices for\neviction; each covers a different type of eviction basis:\n\n * Three-day notice: Used for one of three types of eviction: failure to pay rent, failure to perform covenants (follow the lease terms) or failure to quit (stop doing activities determined to be a nuisance). If a tenant leaves after a three-day notice to vacate, there is no reason to continue with further court actions.\n * 30-day notice: Used on month-to-month leases where the landlord wants the tenant to leave, but the tenant refuses. There is also a 60-day notice for a month-to-month lease, used if the tenant has been there for more than a year.\n * 90-day notice: Used when the tenant is getting some type of subsidized housing. The landlord must have a good reason for the eviction if none of the other eviction reasons apply.\n\nAll notices must be in writing. State the names of all tenants, the physical\naddress of the rental property and the reason the eviction notice was\ngenerated. Clearly state any violations, including nonpayment of rent, lease\nviolations or records of nuisance activities. Note that notices for unpaid\nrent or to quit certain activities automatically allow the tenant to rectify\nthe issue within three days and nullify the eviction.\n\nCheck county rules for properly serving notice. Options include physically\nhanding the notice to the tenant, giving the notice to another adult in the\nhousehold or posting it with a copy also mailed. If the notice expires without\nremedy, the next step is to file an unlawful detainer suit in court.\n\n## File an Eviction Complaint With the Court\n\nEviction cases are heard in California Superior Courts. Go to the Superior\nCourt where the property resides to complete and file the forms. You must\ncomplete three forms:\n\n * Complaint: States to the court who you are. The landlord is the plaintiff in an eviction. The complaint also names the tenants as defendants and states the property address.\n * Summons: Provides notice to the tenants, who then have five days to file a response with the court. For example, the tenants might claim that the water was turned off without reason for an extended period of time and that is why they didn't pay the rent.\n * Cover sheet: Used by the courts for case assignment. You submit this administrative information sheet with a fee, about $435, to file the unlawful detainer case. Pay the fee and obtain the court date.\n\n## Serve the Tenants\n\nAs with the initial notice, three types of acceptable service exist in most\ncounties. Confirm with the court clerk if there are any exceptions in your\nlocation. The three service options are personal service, substituted service\nor posting and mailing.\n\nPersonal service is where the landlord or someone else, perhaps a hired\nprocess server, physically gives the notice to the tenant. If the tenant\nrefuses service, the notice can be left close to the tenant. Substituted\nservice means the actual tenant is not home but someone 18 years or older at\nthe house accepts the notice. Posting and mailing is putting the notice on the\nfront door and mailing a copy to the tenant.\n\n#### Tip\n\nPosting and mailing the court filing is only acceptable if the other types of\nservice have failed and the court gives you permission to use this method.\n\nFile proof of service with the court. Remember that the tenant has five days\nafter the notice is served to provide the court with a response.\n\n## Attend the Eviction Trial\n\nGo to the trial with all evidence and any witnesses who support your case. The\nmore evidence you have, along with the absence of evidence from the\ndefendants, the more likely the judge is to rule in your favor. Witnesses\nshould be people who have specifically witnessed issues stated in your court\nfiling, such as prohibited pets, late-night parties or illicit activity.\n\n#### Tip\n\nStay disciplined with the facts, and keep emotions out of the court room.\n\n## After the Judgment, Notice to Vacate\n\nOnce you win the judgment, have the sheriff serve a five-day notice to vacate.\nWhile the tenants can ask the court for a stay, meaning more time to move, the\nreason must be extreme, such as a medical condition requiring more time to\nvacate.\n\nReferences\n\n * California Courts: Eviction\n * California Department of Consumer Affairs: The Eviction Process\n * California Courts: Eviction Notices\n * California Courts: Initial Filing Fees in Civil Cases\n\nWriter Bio\n\nKimberlee Leonard lived in the Bay Area while going to school at the\nUniversity of San Francisco. Before becoming a full-time writer, she worked\nfor major financial institutions such as Wells Fargo and State Farm. She has\ndeveloped content for brands such as Trupanion, Live Your Aloha, Neil Patel\nand Home To Go. She currently lives in her home state of Hawaii with her\nactive son and lazy dog.\n\n### Related Articles\n\n## How Do I Legally Evict Someone From My House?\n\n## How to Collect Money Owed from Past Tenants\n\n## Can Landlords Issue Eviction Notices Without a Written Contract in\nCalifornia?\n\n## Vacating a Tenant That Has No Lease\n\n## What to Do When a Tenant Stops Payment on a Rent Check\n\n## How to Evict a Tenant Due to Unpaid Rent\n\n## How to File for the Eviction of a Tenant When a Landlord Lives Out of State\n\n## How to File a Complaint on a Former Tenant\n\n## What to Do When a Tenant Does Not Leave With a 30 Days Notice?\n\n## Can a Tenant Be Evicted in California for an Unpaid Deposit?\n\n## Can You Take a Tenant to Small Claims?\n\n## What Is Considered Abandoment of a Rental Property?\n\n#### Most Popular\n\n * 1 How Do I Legally Evict Someone From My House?\n * 2 How to Collect Money Owed from Past Tenants\n * 3 Can Landlords Issue Eviction Notices Without a Written Contract in California?\n * 4 Vacating a Tenant That Has No Lease\n\nLogo Return to Top\n\n### About\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Our Company\n * The Press: Guide to Wine Country\n * Green State: Cannabis Culture\n * Careers\n * Advertising\n\n### Contact\n\n * Customer Service\n * Newsroom Contacts\n\n### Connect\n\n * Sign up for Email Alerts\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n\n### CCPA\n\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n\n### QuickLinks\n\n * Real Estate\n * Cars\n * Jobs\n * SF Marketplace\n * Recruitment\n * Home Services\n * Obituaries\n * Horoscopes\n * Comics\n * Dear Abby\n * Weather\n * Home\n * Movies\n * TV\n * Earthquakes\n * Wildfires\n * Public Notice\n * MBA by the Bay\n\nHearst Newspapers © Copyright 2020 Hearst Communications, Inc.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.landlord.com/guide_to_eviction_process_ca_summary.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210514141110/http://www.landlord.com/guide_to_eviction_process_ca_summary.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Landlord's Guide to Eviction Process in California Summary", "passages": [ "From its inception, the government of the State of California has sought a monopoly on the use of force in the day-to-day dealings of its citizens, as have all governments and rightly so. One of the areas in which this monopoly is prominent is in the unlawful detention of real property. Real estate does not move much, except for tracts that are near the San Andreas and other earthquake faults. This means that it cannot be picked up and carried off and so does not lend itself to casual theft. It can be stolen in effect, though, as when a person unlawfully withholds its possession and use from its owner. The problem comes when the owner demands possession and the tenant resists. The occasion for physical violence is apparent due to the inherently large stakes involved.", "It is in this conflict that California’s eviction remedy intervenes and the power of the state is exerted to resolve the conflict. In a sort of tacit exchange, California proscribes self help, and offers instead an expedited and fairly straightforward remedy occupying a series of pages in the Civil Code and Code of Civil Procedure. This remedy does not rely on a court’s inherent power to resolve disputes. It is completely dependent on the statutes that create it. For this reason the statutes must be complied with to the letter. Any failure to do so is usually fatal to the landlord’s plea for relief. The typical eviction proceeding takes a tenth or less of the time that a typical civil action takes. The prescribed remedy is both complete and draconian. It is the root canal of landlord-tenant law. While a root canal is hardly pleasant, it can prevent the loss of a tooth, which is less pleasant still. Similarly, an unlawful detainer – eviction – can prevent the loss of a piece of real estate when a tenant is not paying rent, damaging the property’s improvements, or otherwise jeopardizing the owner’s ability to continue to hold the property.", "Because a tenancy is a property interest, deprivation of this interest, i.e., eviction, requires due process of law in our jurisprudence. This means notice and an opportunity to be heard, hence, the unlawful detainer proceeding in superior court, which we outline here. The reader should be aware that this is only an outline. Reality has an infinite number of permutations. However, at the level of detail we will be dealing with, all eviction cases fit this general model. If you are interested in a more detailed treatment, you will find it here at our store. You will also find a chart setting out the salient points of statutes and judicial decisions that deal with eviction proceedings and landlord-tenant law in general here.", "Most all evictions in California depend on some initial notice demanding that the tenant do something or stop doing something or, in the alternative, vacate. The exceptions are situations in which a fixed term lease expires by its own terms and is not renewed or cases where an employee who is given a right to occupy a premises as part of his employment is terminated. A similar remedy beyond the scope of this summary, for forcible entry or detainer, also requires no written notice, although a five day demand for possession is required to perfect a cause of action for forcible detainer, and it is usually made in writing.", "The most common reason for eviction is the failure of a tenant to pay rent. This sort of case is begun with a 3-day notice to pay the rent or vacate the property. The exact contents of the notice are covered at CCP Section 1161(2). The notice must include a demand for the precise amount due, with instructions on where to pay it, an unequivocal demand for possession if the rent is not paid within three days of service of the notice, the date of the notice and the signature of the landlord or an agent for the landlord. No particular format is required, but we offer a time tested one that you can find here.", "The rent must actually be in default, which means that the notice cannot be served validly until the grace period, if any, has expired. There is authority for the proposition that if the rental agreement is in writing, other amounts due, such as late charges, may be included in the demand of the rent notice. We take the position that this is unwise as it unduly complicates matters over amounts that are usually trivial compared to the rent. Also, recent amendments to the relevant statutes call the older authority into question. A separate notice described below can be served for these other amounts if desired, which will keep things clean. The demand must state the precise amount due, that is, not exceed it by so much as a penny in residential cases, although judges will not penalize a landlord who understates the rent, so it pays to be conservative.", "These notices also usually declare an election of forfeiture of the tenancy. Occasionally this is omitted if the landlord has a reason to do it. Failure to declare a forfeiture gives the tenant a right to redeem his tenancy by paying all past due rent and costs within five days of entry of an eviction judgment against him. So be sure your reason for omitting a declaration of forfeiture is a good one.", "A cousin of the rent notice is the 3-day notice to perform a covenant of the written rental agreement or vacate. This might be a notice for the payment of late charges or utilities, or it might have to do with some non-monetary obligation, such as one forbidding subletting or assignment. This type of notice also demands performance or surrender of possession in the alternative similarly to a rent notice. There is a line of authority holding that if the covenant can no longer be performed a simple notice to vacate is sufficient. We almost never recommend this course as whether a covenant may be performed is not always obvious and can be a matter of disagreement. If you give the notice to vacate only and you end up before a judge who disagrees, you may have to start all over again. Our notice to perform a lease covenant can be found here. These notices also characteristically declare a forfeiture.", "There is a class of notice that, by statute, does not require extending the tenant an opportunity to cure. These 3-day notices demand possession from a tenant who is committing a nuisance on or waste of the premises. The commission of either of these terminate the rental agreement automatically, so no opportunity to cure is necessary, only a demand for possession. Both “nuisance” and “waste” are legal terms of art. A landlord who believes his tenant may be committing either of these should engage a lawyer’s services.", "Next to the non-payment of rent notice, the most frequently used one, in our experience, is the 30- or 60-day notice of termination of tenancy. These are used to terminate periodic tenancies, that is, those that have no fixed expiration date, but proceed from month-to-month usually, but sometimes week-to-week, etc., until either party decides to terminate it. If the tenant has resided on the premises for less than a year, his tenancy may be terminated on 30 days notice. If he has resided on the premises for a year or more, he must be given 60 days notice. In cases of subsidized housing a 90-day notice must be given. Because the termination is of a non-default nature, there is no forfeiture, and the only notice requirement, other than the formality of date and signature, is that there be an unequivocal expression of the intent to terminate and a demand for possession in the prescribed time. Our forms of these notices can be found here. Calif 30- 60 notices, A 30-day notice can also be used to terminate other forms of tenancy, such as tenancies at will or at sufferance. Giving more time than the statute requires is not fatal, though it wastes a little time, but not giving at least the full statutory notice is fatal.", "It is not uncommon for a property that has been foreclosed to be found occupied, either by the foreclosed owner or by his tenant. This situation is covered by CCP Sec. 1161a and following. The erstwhile owner may be given a three day notice to vacate. A tenant in possession must be given 30, 60, or 90 days notice to vacate. This type of notice has been complicated substantially by recent amendments to the statutes. If you are in a position of having to do an eviction after foreclosure, we strongly advise obtaining the services of a lawyer.", "The notices we have described here must be formally served on the tenant. The method of service is prescribed by statute, and the simplest way to cover this is just to quote it.", "2. If he or she is absent from his or her place of residence, and from his or her usual place of business, by leaving a copy with some person of suitable age and discretion at either place, and sending a copy through the mail addressed to the tenant at his or her place of residence; or,", "3. If such place of residence and business can not be ascertained, or a person of suitable age or discretion there can not be found, then by affixing a copy in a conspicuous place on the property, and also delivering a copy to a person there residing, if such person can be found; and also sending a copy through the mail addressed to the tenant at the place where the property is situated. Service upon a subtenant may be made in the same manner.", "30-, 60-,or 90-day notices terminating periodic tenancies may also be served by certified mail addressed to the tenant at the rental unit.", "Upon expiration of whatever notice has been served, and if the tenant has failed to comply with it, the Unlawful Detainer, i.e., eviction proceeding, may start in Superior Court. This is accomplished by the landlord filing a document referred to as a Complaint, and having the clerk issue a summons. The Summons is simply a court process that confers jurisdiction and requires the person served to respond within five days.", "Because an Unlawful Detainer is not a general civil action but a special proceeding, the content of the Complaint and the relief demanded are limited. In a nutshell, the Complaint contains language that identifies the parties and the property involved, describes with particularity the circumstances of the unlawful detention of the property, states the method by which the eviction notice was served and includes a copy of it and usually a copy of the rental agreement, describes the monetary damage being suffered, and includes a description of the relief demanded. The demand will include unpaid rent if it is a nonpayment of rent case, or only the daily rental value of the property from the expiration of the eviction notice if the reason for the eviction is something other than nonpayment of rent.", "Increasingly, landlords are serving, in addition to the Summons and Complaint, a document called a Prejudgment Claim of Right to Possession. This will be described in more detail below. For now, just be aware that it heads off potential claims to possession of the property by unknown occupants.", "Service of the Summons and Complaint must be accomplished before any other steps may be taken. This is almost always accomplished by a registered process server. This is such a critical step in the proceeding that there is no substitute for the employment of such a professional who is familiar with all of the different ways service of process may be accomplished, although any mentally competent adult may effect service provided he is not a party to the proceeding.", "If your tenant is served with the Summons and Complaint and fails to respond to it within the time permitted by law, his default may be entered. A default precludes the tenant from participating in the proceeding and permits the clerk to enter a judgment for possession of the property at once. This judgment is separate from whatever judgment for money you are asking for, and is designed to restore the landlord to possession of the property as quickly as possible.", "Defaults do not enter themselves. A default and clerk’s judgment must be requested by the landlord. Uniformly, courts require the preparation and filing of a Judicial Council form titled Request for Entry of Default, and declarations under penalty of perjury describing the method and date of service of the Summons and Complaint. The portion of the request form for the clerk’s use is completed by the clerk and the default is then formally entered. From this point the practices in the various superior courts and even in the different branches of the same court may vary, depending on how busy the court is, and other matters. If you are handling this yourself you should contact the civil division of the court you are involved with and find out what their preferred practices are. It is always a good idea to comply with the wishes of someone you are asking to help you if at all possible. If a lawyer is handling your matter, he will be well versed in the practices of the court.", "Once the default and clerk’s judgment are entered, you can obtain a Writ of Possession and instruct the sheriff or marshal responsible for performing evictions to perform the physical eviction, a procedure we will describe below.", "At this point you will have a judgment for possession, but your money judgment will be in limbo. We recommend waiting to get the money judgment until after the property is restored to you. You should account for the security deposit before you apply for the judgment in any event and knowing when you got the property back and how much of the deposit can be applied to things like unpaid rent will simplify your attempt to obtain a money judgment.", "It is possible to obtain a judgment for money owed and expenses of filing and process service in an unlawful detainer that has gone by default. This entails the preparation and filing of a document referred to as a Declaration in Lieu of Personal Testimony, which will set forth all of the competent evidence necessary to convince the judge who reviews it to order entry of judgment in your favor. This procedure is not as simple as it sounds, and we have seen such declarations rejected for trivial mistakes. Your writer, when practicing law in San Francisco, once struggled for three years to obtain a money judgment by default, and never did quite succeed. These applications are screened by clerks before being submitted to a judge. Clerks, sadly, are often not very well instructed. On some occasions, as in the one just mentioned, a set of documents that resulted in a judgment in the past would be rejected by a clerk with an instruction to me to make some revision. The revision would be made and the documents resubmitted, but would find their way to a different clerk. This clerk would reject them with an instruction to make a revision that put the papers back into their original condition. The turn around on money judgments was about 4 to 5 months, and paperwork ping-ponged back and forth in this fashion for about three years. This is not a joke, it is a fact of life.", "Rather than play this costly game of ping-pong, many landlords prefer to dismiss their default unlawful detainer proceeding without prejudice once possession has been obtained and file a proceeding in Small Claims Court. Nowadays the maximum recovery can be up to $7500, which will cover almost all cases. The proceeding can be filed in the county where your property is situated as it is the county where the lease was to be performed. There will be no clerks getting between you and the judge or commissioner who will decide the case. The snag, of course, is that serving a newly evicted tenant may be difficult. This snag is largely illusory. There is no time limit on how long a small claim can remain on file. If service cannot be effected promptly, the hearing can be taken off calendar and the uncalendared case can pend for years until the tenant surfaces again. If you engage a good process server he will run periodic traces until he finds the ex-tenant and will only charge if he finds him. The papers can then be served and you can take advantage of the informality of Small Claims Court to get your money judgment with a minimum of red tape.", "In this regard it is worth noting that most tenants are not evicted because they are flush. Typically they are broke, and eviction does not enhance their chances to become wealthy. You are probably looking at a wait of years for a substantial lifestyle change by your ex-tenant before you can actually recover money, regardless of when you obtain the judgment. This is not a reason for not obtaining one, but it is a reason for patience. You have ten years after entry of judgment to collect it. If for some reason you do not do so within that time, you can renew the judgment for another ten, and another 10 after that, ad infinitum, until the tenant or his estate pays it, with 10% simple interest added on.", "Depending on which county we are discussing, landlords can expect about a third of the unlawful detainer proceedings filed there to be contested by the tenants they are trying to evict. In most of those cases, the tenant will file a document referred to as an Answer. This is an official printed form designed by the Judicial Council. The tenant completes it by filling in blanks and checking boxes and by doing this pleads his case. In a few cases, some tenant’s clinic or legal assistance program will prepare the Answer for him, or even file a motion of some sort bringing up some technical defect in the landlord’s pleadings. We take it for granted that, in this event, unless the landlord is proficient in civil law and motions practice, a lawyer will be retained.", "The purpose of this is usually to gain time in the hope of finding alternative lodging and gathering the money to do it. The defenses themselves are often manufactured of whole cloth. Few take the crime of perjury seriously anymore. Sometimes there is a kernel of truth to them. Popular defenses are breaches of the implied warranty of habitability, technical defects in the eviction notice, claims of improperly rejected rent tenders, and sometimes just a general denial of the allegations of the landlord’s complaint. Retaliation is also a popular defense because it can be raised in the complete absence of physical evidence.", "By interposing an Answer the tenant forces the landlord to prove his case to a judge in the formal setting of a trial. This is necessary because the judge has no way to decide who is right until both sides have presented their case.", "Once the Answer is filed the court will set a trial date. As with a default, nothing will happen until the landlord makes the necessary request for trial setting, which, again, is prepared on a Judicial Council form. Once this request is filed, the trial must begin within 20 days. Typically the trial is to the judge, but occasionally tenants will seriously expect to be able to present their case to a jury. If this happens, the landlord should retain counsel at once.", "On the day of the trial, sometimes before at a special hearing called a settlement conference, the parties will have an opportunity to compromise and settle the case by agreement. The court prefers that cases be disposed of in this way, and not just because it reduces the number of hearings that must be conducted. There is a justified belief that the parties are far better off settling their case because they can then fashion the outcome that both sides are willing to live with, rather than leaving it to a judge whose powers are limited unless the parties reach agreement.", "Regardless of whether it is obtained by way of trial or by way of settlement agreement, we always recommend that the landlord obtain, at minimum, a judgment for possession of the property, except in the rarest of circumstances. This is the only way the landlord can be sure of recovering possession of the rental unit. Even in the case of a settlement in which the tenant repays the back rent in the hope of reinstating the tenancy, it is the only inexpensive way for the landlord to retain the leverage to motivate the tenant to perform, and the most prompt remedy if he does not.", "In some cases, usually when a landlord insists on conducting his unlawful detainer trial himself, the tenant actually prevails. This often occurs in the context of a claim by the tenant that the rental unit was partially uninhabitable. In such a case the judge will make a determination of how much, expressed as a percentage of the contract rent, the rental value of the property was diminished. Assume the judge found the reduction amounted to 10%. The judge will order that the back rent through the date of trial be reduced by 10%, and that all future rental installments be similarly reduced until the landlord makes the necessary repairs. The back rent, less the reduction, is ordered paid within five days. If not paid, the landlord is allowed to apply for an order for entry of judgment for eviction. As can be seen, things can get complicated fast.", "There are things that can be done by the tenant between the entry of judgment and his physical eviction to prolong the agony. Almost all of these consist of one of two things: 1. Applications to the judge for stays of eviction, and, 2. claims by third parties, often fictitious, that they have a right to possession of the rental unit. There are other things, such as applications to reinstate the tenancy on payment of all outstanding rent, that can be done but they are too rare to go into here.", "Most common are applications to a judge for delays in the physical eviction of the tenant. Such applications are made in writing with a minimum of 24 hours notification to the landlord or his lawyer. Sadly, tenants often do not take the notification requirement seriously and skip it. In any event, the court will read and consider the application. The first application for a stay is almost always granted, but such stays are almost always granted on the condition that the tenant pays the daily rental value of the rental unit into court. The court will then issue the money to the landlord. The court’s power to issue stays is limited, and the aggregate of all stays issued may not exceed a total of 40 days from the date of entry of judgment unless the landlord consents to further stays.", "Post judgment claims of rights to possession of the rental unit are less common but can be more troublesome. Such claims may be made by persons who were in possession of the rental unit at the time the complaint was filed but were not served with the summons and complaint. This type of problem usually arises when the landlord does not know the person is on the property or mistakenly believes that only persons such as signatories to the rental agreement are tenants who need be party to an eviction. The claim is made by filing at court or handing it to the sheriff when he comes to do the eviction. The claim itself must be accompanied by filing fees or a fee waiver by the court and a hearing on the claim is scheduled from five to fifteen days from the date the claim is made.", "The ins and outs of making the claim, what constitutes a valid claim, how the hearings are conducted, and so on, are beyond the scope of a summary like this. Those interested in them may wish to consult other detailed materials available on this site, or may wish to read CCP Section 1174.3, which sets this all out. Suffice it to say that a successful claim may put the landlord in the position of having to virtually start from scratch as to the successful claimant and delay the eviction for a month or more.", "The service of a Prejudgment Claim of Right to Possession, which we discussed in the context of the Summons and Complaint, short circuits all of this. Service of such a claim, even if it needs to be made constructively, puts all potential tenants on notice that they must file their claim and their responses to the complaint immediately, and the sheriff may ignore such claims after judgment is entered and the time has come for eviction.", "The physical eviction is the final act in the unlawful detainer drama. The sheriff or marshal will go out to the premises and physically escort all persons on the property off, giving the landlord a receipt for return of the property. If the tenant returns without the permission of the landlord, he is guilty of trespassing and the police will arrest him if he persists. The landlord may then dispose of personal property left on the premises as set out on page two of the Writ of Execution for Possession of Real Property.", "The physical eviction begins with the court clerk issuing a document called a Writ of Execution for Possession of Real Property. This is a summary of the judgment entered with an order to the sheriff to restore the plaintiff to possession of the rental property. This writ is delivered to the sheriff with instructions to do the eviction and a deposit against the sheriff’s fees. The sheriff will open a file and schedule a date to deliver a five day eviction notice, which by law must be done within three days of delivery of the writ and instructions to the sheriff. The notice will tell the tenant that he must vacate the premises or he will be evicted by a certain date and time. Unless a prejudgment claim of right to possession has been served, a blank claim form with instructions will be included.", "The sheriffs of the various counties have varying procedures depending on how they have their work load organized. In some cases, an eviction appointment is set by the sheriff and the landlord notified of the date and time, with the request that the landlord cancel the appointment if the tenant moves out as required by the notice. In other counties the sheriff does not set an eviction appointment but lets the landlord know what the tenant’s last day of possession is and advises the landlord to call to make an appointment if the tenant does not move. In such counties the sheriff will close the file within a week or two after the tenant’s deadline to move if he hears nothing.", "© 2011 Landlord.com. All rights reserved. No unauthorized reproduction of the contents of this publication is permitted. Any violators will be prosecuted to the fullest extent by law. See copyright warning" ] }, "parsed_md": "Landlord's Guide to Eviction Process in California Summary\n\nThe Landlord's Guide to the Eviction Process in California \n \n--- \n| |\n\n> California Residential Eviction Procedure Summary Revised March 21, 2011 ©\n> 2011 Landlord.com. All rights reserved.\n>\n> PDF Download (FREE)\n>\n> From its inception, the government of the State of California has sought a\n> monopoly on the use of force in the day-to-day dealings of its citizens, as\n> have all governments and rightly so. One of the areas in which this monopoly\n> is prominent is in the unlawful detention of real property. Real estate does\n> not move much, except for tracts that are near the San Andreas and other\n> earthquake faults. This means that it cannot be picked up and carried off\n> and so does not lend itself to casual theft. It can be stolen in effect,\n> though, as when a person unlawfully withholds its possession and use from\n> its owner. The problem comes when the owner demands possession and the\n> tenant resists. The occasion for physical violence is apparent due to the\n> inherently large stakes involved.\n>\n> It is in this conflict that California’s eviction remedy intervenes and the\n> power of the state is exerted to resolve the conflict. In a sort of tacit\n> exchange, California proscribes self help, and offers instead an expedited\n> and fairly straightforward remedy occupying a series of pages in the Civil\n> Code and Code of Civil Procedure. This remedy does not rely on a court’s\n> inherent power to resolve disputes. It is completely dependent on the\n> statutes that create it. For this reason the statutes must be complied with\n> to the letter. Any failure to do so is usually fatal to the landlord’s plea\n> for relief. The typical eviction proceeding takes a tenth or less of the\n> time that a typical civil action takes. The prescribed remedy is both\n> complete and draconian. It is the root canal of landlord-tenant law. While a\n> root canal is hardly pleasant, it can prevent the loss of a tooth, which is\n> less pleasant still. Similarly, an unlawful detainer – eviction – can\n> prevent the loss of a piece of real estate when a tenant is not paying rent,\n> damaging the property’s improvements, or otherwise jeopardizing the owner’s\n> ability to continue to hold the property.\n>\n> Because a tenancy is a property interest, deprivation of this interest,\n> i.e., eviction, requires due process of law in our jurisprudence. This means\n> notice and an opportunity to be heard, hence, the unlawful detainer\n> proceeding in superior court, which we outline here. The reader should be\n> aware that this is only an outline. Reality has an infinite number of\n> permutations. However, at the level of detail we will be dealing with, all\n> eviction cases fit this general model. If you are interested in a more\n> detailed treatment, you will find it here at our store. You will also find a\n> chart setting out the salient points of statutes and judicial decisions that\n> deal with eviction proceedings and landlord-tenant law in general here.\n>\n> Notice\n>\n> Most all evictions in California depend on some initial notice demanding\n> that the tenant do something or stop doing something or, in the alternative,\n> vacate. The exceptions are situations in which a fixed term lease expires by\n> its own terms and is not renewed or cases where an employee who is given a\n> right to occupy a premises as part of his employment is terminated. A\n> similar remedy beyond the scope of this summary, for forcible entry or\n> detainer, also requires no written notice, although a five day demand for\n> possession is required to perfect a cause of action for forcible detainer,\n> and it is usually made in writing.\n>\n> The most common reason for eviction is the failure of a tenant to pay rent.\n> This sort of case is begun with a 3-day notice to pay the rent or vacate the\n> property. The exact contents of the notice are covered at CCP Section\n> 1161(2). The notice must include a demand for the precise amount due, with\n> instructions on where to pay it, an unequivocal demand for possession if the\n> rent is not paid within three days of service of the notice, the date of the\n> notice and the signature of the landlord or an agent for the landlord. No\n> particular format is required, but we offer a time tested one that you can\n> find here.\n>\n> The rent must actually be in default, which means that the notice cannot be\n> served validly until the grace period, if any, has expired. There is\n> authority for the proposition that if the rental agreement is in writing,\n> other amounts due, such as late charges, may be included in the demand of\n> the rent notice. We take the position that this is unwise as it unduly\n> complicates matters over amounts that are usually trivial compared to the\n> rent. Also, recent amendments to the relevant statutes call the older\n> authority into question. A separate notice described below can be served for\n> these other amounts if desired, which will keep things clean. The demand\n> must state the precise amount due, that is, not exceed it by so much as a\n> penny in residential cases, although judges will not penalize a landlord who\n> understates the rent, so it pays to be conservative.\n>\n> These notices also usually declare an election of forfeiture of the tenancy.\n> Occasionally this is omitted if the landlord has a reason to do it. Failure\n> to declare a forfeiture gives the tenant a right to redeem his tenancy by\n> paying all past due rent and costs within five days of entry of an eviction\n> judgment against him. So be sure your reason for omitting a declaration of\n> forfeiture is a good one.\n>\n> A cousin of the rent notice is the 3-day notice to perform a covenant of the\n> written rental agreement or vacate. This might be a notice for the payment\n> of late charges or utilities, or it might have to do with some non-monetary\n> obligation, such as one forbidding subletting or assignment. This type of\n> notice also demands performance or surrender of possession in the\n> alternative similarly to a rent notice. There is a line of authority holding\n> that if the covenant can no longer be performed a simple notice to vacate is\n> sufficient. We almost never recommend this course as whether a covenant may\n> be performed is not always obvious and can be a matter of disagreement. If\n> you give the notice to vacate only and you end up before a judge who\n> disagrees, you may have to start all over again. Our notice to perform a\n> lease covenant can be found here. These notices also characteristically\n> declare a forfeiture.\n>\n> There is a class of notice that, by statute, does not require extending the\n> tenant an opportunity to cure. These 3-day notices demand possession from a\n> tenant who is committing a nuisance on or waste of the premises. The\n> commission of either of these terminate the rental agreement automatically,\n> so no opportunity to cure is necessary, only a demand for possession. Both\n> “nuisance” and “waste” are legal terms of art. A landlord who believes his\n> tenant may be committing either of these should engage a lawyer’s services.\n>\n> Next to the non-payment of rent notice, the most frequently used one, in our\n> experience, is the 30- or 60-day notice of termination of tenancy. These are\n> used to terminate periodic tenancies, that is, those that have no fixed\n> expiration date, but proceed from month-to-month usually, but sometimes\n> week-to-week, etc., until either party decides to terminate it. If the\n> tenant has resided on the premises for less than a year, his tenancy may be\n> terminated on 30 days notice. If he has resided on the premises for a year\n> or more, he must be given 60 days notice. In cases of subsidized housing a\n> 90-day notice must be given. Because the termination is of a non-default\n> nature, there is no forfeiture, and the only notice requirement, other than\n> the formality of date and signature, is that there be an unequivocal\n> expression of the intent to terminate and a demand for possession in the\n> prescribed time. Our forms of these notices can be found here. Calif 30- 60\n> notices, A 30-day notice can also be used to terminate other forms of\n> tenancy, such as tenancies at will or at sufferance. Giving more time than\n> the statute requires is not fatal, though it wastes a little time, but not\n> giving at least the full statutory notice is fatal.\n>\n> It is not uncommon for a property that has been foreclosed to be found\n> occupied, either by the foreclosed owner or by his tenant. This situation is\n> covered by CCP Sec. 1161a and following. The erstwhile owner may be given a\n> three day notice to vacate. A tenant in possession must be given 30, 60, or\n> 90 days notice to vacate. This type of notice has been complicated\n> substantially by recent amendments to the statutes. If you are in a position\n> of having to do an eviction after foreclosure, we strongly advise obtaining\n> the services of a lawyer.\n>\n> The notices we have described here must be formally served on the tenant.\n> The method of service is prescribed by statute, and the simplest way to\n> cover this is just to quote it.\n>\n> CCP Section 1162. The notices required by Sections 1161 and 1161a may be\n> served, either:\n>\n> 1\\. By delivering a copy to the tenant personally; or,\n>\n> 2\\. If he or she is absent from his or her place of residence, and from his\n> or her usual place of business, by leaving a copy with some person of\n> suitable age and discretion at either place, and sending a copy through the\n> mail addressed to the tenant at his or her place of residence; or,\n>\n> 3\\. If such place of residence and business can not be ascertained, or a\n> person of suitable age or discretion there can not be found, then by\n> affixing a copy in a conspicuous place on the property, and also delivering\n> a copy to a person there residing, if such person can be found; and also\n> sending a copy through the mail addressed to the tenant at the place where\n> the property is situated. Service upon a subtenant may be made in the same\n> manner.\n>\n> 30-, 60-,or 90-day notices terminating periodic tenancies may also be served\n> by certified mail addressed to the tenant at the rental unit.\n>\n> Summons and Complaint\n>\n> Upon expiration of whatever notice has been served, and if the tenant has\n> failed to comply with it, the Unlawful Detainer, i.e., eviction proceeding,\n> may start in Superior Court. This is accomplished by the landlord filing a\n> document referred to as a Complaint, and having the clerk issue a summons.\n> The Summons is simply a court process that confers jurisdiction and requires\n> the person served to respond within five days.\n>\n> Because an Unlawful Detainer is not a general civil action but a special\n> proceeding, the content of the Complaint and the relief demanded are\n> limited. In a nutshell, the Complaint contains language that identifies the\n> parties and the property involved, describes with particularity the\n> circumstances of the unlawful detention of the property, states the method\n> by which the eviction notice was served and includes a copy of it and\n> usually a copy of the rental agreement, describes the monetary damage being\n> suffered, and includes a description of the relief demanded. The demand will\n> include unpaid rent if it is a nonpayment of rent case, or only the daily\n> rental value of the property from the expiration of the eviction notice if\n> the reason for the eviction is something other than nonpayment of rent.\n>\n> Increasingly, landlords are serving, in addition to the Summons and\n> Complaint, a document called a Prejudgment Claim of Right to Possession.\n> This will be described in more detail below. For now, just be aware that it\n> heads off potential claims to possession of the property by unknown\n> occupants.\n>\n> Service of the Summons and Complaint must be accomplished before any other\n> steps may be taken. This is almost always accomplished by a registered\n> process server. This is such a critical step in the proceeding that there is\n> no substitute for the employment of such a professional who is familiar with\n> all of the different ways service of process may be accomplished, although\n> any mentally competent adult may effect service provided he is not a party\n> to the proceeding.\n>\n> Default\n>\n> If your tenant is served with the Summons and Complaint and fails to respond\n> to it within the time permitted by law, his default may be entered. A\n> default precludes the tenant from participating in the proceeding and\n> permits the clerk to enter a judgment for possession of the property at\n> once. This judgment is separate from whatever judgment for money you are\n> asking for, and is designed to restore the landlord to possession of the\n> property as quickly as possible.\n>\n> Defaults do not enter themselves. A default and clerk’s judgment must be\n> requested by the landlord. Uniformly, courts require the preparation and\n> filing of a Judicial Council form titled Request for Entry of Default, and\n> declarations under penalty of perjury describing the method and date of\n> service of the Summons and Complaint. The portion of the request form for\n> the clerk’s use is completed by the clerk and the default is then formally\n> entered. From this point the practices in the various superior courts and\n> even in the different branches of the same court may vary, depending on how\n> busy the court is, and other matters. If you are handling this yourself you\n> should contact the civil division of the court you are involved with and\n> find out what their preferred practices are. It is always a good idea to\n> comply with the wishes of someone you are asking to help you if at all\n> possible. If a lawyer is handling your matter, he will be well versed in the\n> practices of the court.\n>\n> Once the default and clerk’s judgment are entered, you can obtain a Writ of\n> Possession and instruct the sheriff or marshal responsible for performing\n> evictions to perform the physical eviction, a procedure we will describe\n> below.\n>\n> At this point you will have a judgment for possession, but your money\n> judgment will be in limbo. We recommend waiting to get the money judgment\n> until after the property is restored to you. You should account for the\n> security deposit before you apply for the judgment in any event and knowing\n> when you got the property back and how much of the deposit can be applied to\n> things like unpaid rent will simplify your attempt to obtain a money\n> judgment.\n>\n> It is possible to obtain a judgment for money owed and expenses of filing\n> and process service in an unlawful detainer that has gone by default. This\n> entails the preparation and filing of a document referred to as a\n> Declaration in Lieu of Personal Testimony, which will set forth all of the\n> competent evidence necessary to convince the judge who reviews it to order\n> entry of judgment in your favor. This procedure is not as simple as it\n> sounds, and we have seen such declarations rejected for trivial mistakes.\n> Your writer, when practicing law in San Francisco, once struggled for three\n> years to obtain a money judgment by default, and never did quite succeed.\n> These applications are screened by clerks before being submitted to a judge.\n> Clerks, sadly, are often not very well instructed. On some occasions, as in\n> the one just mentioned, a set of documents that resulted in a judgment in\n> the past would be rejected by a clerk with an instruction to me to make some\n> revision. The revision would be made and the documents resubmitted, but\n> would find their way to a different clerk. This clerk would reject them with\n> an instruction to make a revision that put the papers back into their\n> original condition. The turn around on money judgments was about 4 to 5\n> months, and paperwork ping-ponged back and forth in this fashion for about\n> three years. This is not a joke, it is a fact of life.\n>\n> Rather than play this costly game of ping-pong, many landlords prefer to\n> dismiss their default unlawful detainer proceeding without prejudice once\n> possession has been obtained and file a proceeding in Small Claims Court.\n> Nowadays the maximum recovery can be up to $7500, which will cover almost\n> all cases. The proceeding can be filed in the county where your property is\n> situated as it is the county where the lease was to be performed. There will\n> be no clerks getting between you and the judge or commissioner who will\n> decide the case. The snag, of course, is that serving a newly evicted tenant\n> may be difficult. This snag is largely illusory. There is no time limit on\n> how long a small claim can remain on file. If service cannot be effected\n> promptly, the hearing can be taken off calendar and the uncalendared case\n> can pend for years until the tenant surfaces again. If you engage a good\n> process server he will run periodic traces until he finds the ex-tenant and\n> will only charge if he finds him. The papers can then be served and you can\n> take advantage of the informality of Small Claims Court to get your money\n> judgment with a minimum of red tape.\n>\n> In this regard it is worth noting that most tenants are not evicted because\n> they are flush. Typically they are broke, and eviction does not enhance\n> their chances to become wealthy. You are probably looking at a wait of years\n> for a substantial lifestyle change by your ex-tenant before you can actually\n> recover money, regardless of when you obtain the judgment. This is not a\n> reason for not obtaining one, but it is a reason for patience. You have ten\n> years after entry of judgment to collect it. If for some reason you do not\n> do so within that time, you can renew the judgment for another ten, and\n> another 10 after that, ad infinitum, until the tenant or his estate pays it,\n> with 10% simple interest added on.\n>\n> Trial\n>\n> Depending on which county we are discussing, landlords can expect about a\n> third of the unlawful detainer proceedings filed there to be contested by\n> the tenants they are trying to evict. In most of those cases, the tenant\n> will file a document referred to as an Answer. This is an official printed\n> form designed by the Judicial Council. The tenant completes it by filling in\n> blanks and checking boxes and by doing this pleads his case. In a few cases,\n> some tenant’s clinic or legal assistance program will prepare the Answer for\n> him, or even file a motion of some sort bringing up some technical defect in\n> the landlord’s pleadings. We take it for granted that, in this event, unless\n> the landlord is proficient in civil law and motions practice, a lawyer will\n> be retained.\n>\n> The purpose of this is usually to gain time in the hope of finding\n> alternative lodging and gathering the money to do it. The defenses\n> themselves are often manufactured of whole cloth. Few take the crime of\n> perjury seriously anymore. Sometimes there is a kernel of truth to them.\n> Popular defenses are breaches of the implied warranty of habitability,\n> technical defects in the eviction notice, claims of improperly rejected rent\n> tenders, and sometimes just a general denial of the allegations of the\n> landlord’s complaint. Retaliation is also a popular defense because it can\n> be raised in the complete absence of physical evidence.\n>\n> By interposing an Answer the tenant forces the landlord to prove his case to\n> a judge in the formal setting of a trial. This is necessary because the\n> judge has no way to decide who is right until both sides have presented\n> their case.\n>\n> Once the Answer is filed the court will set a trial date. As with a default,\n> nothing will happen until the landlord makes the necessary request for trial\n> setting, which, again, is prepared on a Judicial Council form. Once this\n> request is filed, the trial must begin within 20 days. Typically the trial\n> is to the judge, but occasionally tenants will seriously expect to be able\n> to present their case to a jury. If this happens, the landlord should retain\n> counsel at once.\n>\n> On the day of the trial, sometimes before at a special hearing called a\n> settlement conference, the parties will have an opportunity to compromise\n> and settle the case by agreement. The court prefers that cases be disposed\n> of in this way, and not just because it reduces the number of hearings that\n> must be conducted. There is a justified belief that the parties are far\n> better off settling their case because they can then fashion the outcome\n> that both sides are willing to live with, rather than leaving it to a judge\n> whose powers are limited unless the parties reach agreement.\n>\n> Regardless of whether it is obtained by way of trial or by way of settlement\n> agreement, we always recommend that the landlord obtain, at minimum, a\n> judgment for possession of the property, except in the rarest of\n> circumstances. This is the only way the landlord can be sure of recovering\n> possession of the rental unit. Even in the case of a settlement in which the\n> tenant repays the back rent in the hope of reinstating the tenancy, it is\n> the only inexpensive way for the landlord to retain the leverage to motivate\n> the tenant to perform, and the most prompt remedy if he does not.\n>\n> In some cases, usually when a landlord insists on conducting his unlawful\n> detainer trial himself, the tenant actually prevails. This often occurs in\n> the context of a claim by the tenant that the rental unit was partially\n> uninhabitable. In such a case the judge will make a determination of how\n> much, expressed as a percentage of the contract rent, the rental value of\n> the property was diminished. Assume the judge found the reduction amounted\n> to 10%. The judge will order that the back rent through the date of trial be\n> reduced by 10%, and that all future rental installments be similarly reduced\n> until the landlord makes the necessary repairs. The back rent, less the\n> reduction, is ordered paid within five days. If not paid, the landlord is\n> allowed to apply for an order for entry of judgment for eviction. As can be\n> seen, things can get complicated fast.\n>\n> Post-judgment proceedings\n>\n> There are things that can be done by the tenant between the entry of\n> judgment and his physical eviction to prolong the agony. Almost all of these\n> consist of one of two things: 1. Applications to the judge for stays of\n> eviction, and, 2. claims by third parties, often fictitious, that they have\n> a right to possession of the rental unit. There are other things, such as\n> applications to reinstate the tenancy on payment of all outstanding rent,\n> that can be done but they are too rare to go into here.\n>\n> Most common are applications to a judge for delays in the physical eviction\n> of the tenant. Such applications are made in writing with a minimum of 24\n> hours notification to the landlord or his lawyer. Sadly, tenants often do\n> not take the notification requirement seriously and skip it. In any event,\n> the court will read and consider the application. The first application for\n> a stay is almost always granted, but such stays are almost always granted on\n> the condition that the tenant pays the daily rental value of the rental unit\n> into court. The court will then issue the money to the landlord. The court’s\n> power to issue stays is limited, and the aggregate of all stays issued may\n> not exceed a total of 40 days from the date of entry of judgment unless the\n> landlord consents to further stays.\n>\n> Post judgment claims of rights to possession of the rental unit are less\n> common but can be more troublesome. Such claims may be made by persons who\n> were in possession of the rental unit at the time the complaint was filed\n> but were not served with the summons and complaint. This type of problem\n> usually arises when the landlord does not know the person is on the property\n> or mistakenly believes that only persons such as signatories to the rental\n> agreement are tenants who need be party to an eviction. The claim is made by\n> filing at court or handing it to the sheriff when he comes to do the\n> eviction. The claim itself must be accompanied by filing fees or a fee\n> waiver by the court and a hearing on the claim is scheduled from five to\n> fifteen days from the date the claim is made.\n>\n> The ins and outs of making the claim, what constitutes a valid claim, how\n> the hearings are conducted, and so on, are beyond the scope of a summary\n> like this. Those interested in them may wish to consult other detailed\n> materials available on this site, or may wish to read CCP Section 1174.3,\n> which sets this all out. Suffice it to say that a successful claim may put\n> the landlord in the position of having to virtually start from scratch as to\n> the successful claimant and delay the eviction for a month or more.\n>\n> The service of a Prejudgment Claim of Right to Possession, which we\n> discussed in the context of the Summons and Complaint, short circuits all of\n> this. Service of such a claim, even if it needs to be made constructively,\n> puts all potential tenants on notice that they must file their claim and\n> their responses to the complaint immediately, and the sheriff may ignore\n> such claims after judgment is entered and the time has come for eviction.\n>\n> Eviction\n>\n> The physical eviction is the final act in the unlawful detainer drama. The\n> sheriff or marshal will go out to the premises and physically escort all\n> persons on the property off, giving the landlord a receipt for return of the\n> property. If the tenant returns without the permission of the landlord, he\n> is guilty of trespassing and the police will arrest him if he persists. The\n> landlord may then dispose of personal property left on the premises as set\n> out on page two of the Writ of Execution for Possession of Real Property.\n>\n> The physical eviction begins with the court clerk issuing a document called\n> a Writ of Execution for Possession of Real Property. This is a summary of\n> the judgment entered with an order to the sheriff to restore the plaintiff\n> to possession of the rental property. This writ is delivered to the sheriff\n> with instructions to do the eviction and a deposit against the sheriff’s\n> fees. The sheriff will open a file and schedule a date to deliver a five day\n> eviction notice, which by law must be done within three days of delivery of\n> the writ and instructions to the sheriff. The notice will tell the tenant\n> that he must vacate the premises or he will be evicted by a certain date and\n> time. Unless a prejudgment claim of right to possession has been served, a\n> blank claim form with instructions will be included.\n>\n> The sheriffs of the various counties have varying procedures depending on\n> how they have their work load organized. In some cases, an eviction\n> appointment is set by the sheriff and the landlord notified of the date and\n> time, with the request that the landlord cancel the appointment if the\n> tenant moves out as required by the notice. In other counties the sheriff\n> does not set an eviction appointment but lets the landlord know what the\n> tenant’s last day of possession is and advises the landlord to call to make\n> an appointment if the tenant does not move. In such counties the sheriff\n> will close the file within a week or two after the tenant’s deadline to move\n> if he hears nothing.\n>\n> © 2011 Landlord.com. All rights reserved. No unauthorized reproduction of\n> the contents of this publication is permitted. Any violators will be\n> prosecuted to the fullest extent by law. See copyright warning \n \n--- \n \nTips & Tricks\n\nInformation Center\n\nTools & Calculators\n\nTip of The Week\n\n|\n\nLandlord News\n\nThe Landlord Daily\n\nLandlord Discussion Board\n\nWeb Site of The Week\n\n|\n\nTake The Test\n\n\"Ready To Rent\" Inspection\n\nMinimizing Rent Loss Quiz\n\nDo You Have The \"Right Stuff\" \n \n---|---|--- \n \nHome | Contact Us | Help | Shop & Buy | About Us | Privacy Policy |\nAdvertising Inquiries | Join Landlord.com! | Search |\n\n" } ]
9,077
How To Brine Meat
To brine meat, start by mixing 3 parts salt and 1 part sugar. Then, dissolve the salt and sugar mixture in some water and add your seasonings, like vinegar, oil, and dried herbs. Next, pour the mixture into a container and submerge the meat in it. Once the meat is completely submerged in the mixture, just put it in the fridge for a few hours and you're done!
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415095639/https://cookshack.com/blogs/recipes/brining-101", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006101618/https://cookthestory.com/how-to-brine/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210212102044/https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/washing-food-does-it-promote-food-safety/washing-food", "http://web.archive.org/web/20130116121529/http://www.smoking-meat.com/brining-meat.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006100057/https://www.thekitchn.com/use-a-quick-brine-to-make-any-cut-more-tender-47879", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421183046/https://www.food.com/recipe/basic-all-purpose-brine-for-meats-chicken-and-turkey-105141", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211229044800/https://www.finecooking.com/article/why-brining-keeps-turkey-and-other-meat-so-moist" ]
train
2,564
[ { "original_url": "https://cookshack.com/blogs/recipes/brining-101", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415095639/https://cookshack.com/blogs/recipes/brining-101", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cookshack BBQ", "passages": [ "We’ve all had that chicken or turkey that really tasted dry and tough and chewy after smoking. Ever had leftovers that were dry? Brining may be one solution to help you with these problems. Brining gets a lot of questions and interest and this is my attempt to try and help you learn about it. I’m not an expert, just someone who’s been doing it a while and I’ve learned a lot through research and trial and error. I’ll provide information and sources here hopefully to help you understand why you WANT to do this for your next piece of poultry. If you want more information, please see the links in “references.” If you already know about brining, skip the “background” and go to the next chapter.", "BACKGROUND Brining is not new. Soaking food in salt water has been used by cooks and restaurants for many years. Lately however, with the advent of the Internet, we’re able to share information and learn about new methods much easier and faster and Brining has now become a “hot” topic. According to the Food Safety and Inspection Service1 the verb \"brine\" means to treat with or steep in brine. Brine is a strong solution of water and salt. A sweetener such as sugar, molasses, honey, or corn syrup may be added to the solution for flavor and to improve browning. The brining of meats is an old process used for food preservation. Before refrigeration, heavy amounts of salt were used to preserve meats for long periods of time. Now, we use much smaller quantities of salt, mixed with other spices and herbs, achieving increased flavor in the meat as well as other benefits. Brining in a saltwater mixture before you smoke typically will add flavor, tenderness and typically reduces cooking times. Our poultry and pork have much less fat than they used to, which means they tend to dry out more quickly when cooked and to be less flavorful than in the past. Brining is chemistry in action. The chemistry behind brining is actually pretty simple.", "OSMOSIS Meat already contains salt water. By immersing meats into a liquid with a higher concentration of salt the liquid is absorbed into the meat. Any flavoring added to the brine will be carried into the meat with the saltwater mixture. And because the meat is now loaded with extra moisture it will stay that way longer while it cooks.", "PROTEIN MODIFICATION Brining alters the chemical structure of proteins by breaking some of the bonds that give proteins their shape. The salt denatures the meat proteins, causing them to unwind and form a matrix that traps the water. According to David Krauss, a professor of biology at Boston College, those bonds are sensitive to changes in temperature, acidity and salinity, causing the proteins themselves to break down a bit in brines and allowing the salt, sugar, and other flavoring agents to permeate the food's flesh.", "SALT Salt has a couple of efforts for poultry, it dissolves protein in muscle causing the to change and trap more moisture. Combine Protein Modification and Salt and you get a reduced moisture loss during smoking. The results: juicier, tender and more flavorful.", "CURES IN BRINES There are a lot of brines out there that include “cures”. Cures are also from the old school before refrigeration, you needed to cure the meat to store it. Bacteria LOVES to grow in meats when they are in the temperature range of 40°F to 140°F and cures help prevent this growth. If you are not sure you can guarantee that your brine will stay below 40°F during the brining soak, you may want to use a brine with a cure in it. Cures go by the names of Tenderquick, Prague Powder, and others. According to Morton Salt2: Brine curing is also popular for curing meat. This method is also called a sweet pickle cure. Brine curing involves mixing the curing salt with water to make a sweet pickle solution. The meat is cured with this brine by injecting the brine using a meat pump or by soaking the meat for a specific time. Curing takes place in the refrigerator and the meat is cooked after curing. Often larger cuts of meat and poultry such as hams and turkeys are injected with a sweet pickle cure. Smaller products including whole chickens and fish may be soaked in a curing brine solution.", "Remember: Brining actually provides a cushion for cooking, so you can even overcook by a few degrees and the item will remain moist Instead of seasoning outside - brining puts the flavor inside Because water is a heat conductor you will typically find that a brined item will cook faster than an non-brined item.", "CHAPTER 2 - COMMON QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT BRINING Question: \"What's the difference between brining and marinating?\" Answer: Brining involves salt and osmosis to exchange the fluid in the brine with the water inside the meat. Marinating used acidity to break down the texture of the meat. You can actually do both if your marinate has salt in it.", "Question: Can I adjust the amount of salt in the brine without affecting the brining process? Answer: Yes. As long as you follow the basic and have a salty solution, Osmosis will have the desired effect. Although if you adjust it below 1 cup or 3/4 cup, you’re just “soaking” in salt water, not brining. Just because a brine has salt in it, however, doesn’t mean you’re going to get a salty end product. Try two things. One: rinse the meat really well to get the salt off the outside (remember, Osmosis puts the salt solution inside so you’re not washing off the flavors). Two: add a sugar (white, turbinado, brown) to your solution to cut the salt, try for example 2/3 cup of Kosher salt and 2/3 cup of white sugar to a gallon of water. I recommend starting with a recipe and it’s amount of salt, try these two tricks and see if that gives you the desire effect. Remember, brining requires a specific concentration of salt to water. Don’t cut back too far.", "Question: The end product, after smoking, tastes over-seasoned and looks “mushy.” Why? Answer: See the discussion about the effect of acidity on a brine solution. Also, anything left in a brine too long will taste over- seasoned. Keep good logs and what you brined, how long it was brined and the results. Next time you’ll know how long is “too long.”", "Question: My brine doesn’t have sugar in it and sometimes the chicken comes out so off, uh, gray looking. Answer: Add some sugar to your brine. The same reason that you use sugar for carmelization in regular cooking will work here. But be careful, if you add too much sugar to a brine and use it on pork - you’ll get a hammy taste. A sugar brine is what is used by many companies to create their hams. Now you know!", "Question: Can you change flavors with brine? Can you add additional flavors to the brine easily (herbs, spices, etc.)? Answer: Once you’ve tried a brine, experiment. Just like any recipe, feel free to modify the other flavorings and spices, but the salt/water mixture/ratio shouldn’t be modified significantly.", "Question: If you can keep your brined fowl down below 38°F the entire time, and are always cooking to an internal of 160°F+, is TenderQuick necessary? Answer: Possibly. The purpose of TenderQuick is food safety. If you keep your brine below 40°F, you’re not in the Food Safety DANGER ZONE of 40°F to 140°F.", "Question: Why do I have to let the solution cool before I add the meat? Answer: See answer above about temperature. Remember, remember, remember the DANGER ZONE for 40°F to 140°F. Avoid at all cost! If you add a hot solution and create a brine that’s in this range (mix a hot solution and cold water and it WILL be in this range) you’re asking for trouble. And, NO, you can’t add it to a really hot brine - then you’re cooking!", "Question: Why Kosher Salt? Can’t I use table or regular sea salt? Answer: There are some very significant differences in the amount of salt, by weight in kosher salt vs. regular salt. You can’t substitute them one for one. I suggest the larger, coarser Kosher so that you get a more consistent brine. If you MUST use regular salt, I would recommend decreasing salt by 1⁄2 the amount to start with.", "Question: I can't find Tenderquick or Kosher Salt at the local grocery store's. I found some Morton's Pickling & Canning Salt, Will this work? What does TenderQuick do, are there replaceable products? Do I need a “cure” in there or just use salt? Answer: Cures are NOT required in brines. I always used them early in my brining trials because that is what the recipe called for. But in doing a lot of research, it’s not required. It is a cure and as such, is typically used in places where you’re worried about the Food Safety DANGER ZONE of 40°F to 140°F. You don’t have to have the cure if you’re sure of your temperatures. Keep it below 40°F. Pickling Salt will work. Don’t use other salts than Kosher (keep reading, there is more info below). You can find it, believe me, it’s in every store.", "Question: What is the cook's reason to brine, anyway? Answer: See the section on Brining Background and you’ll understand why it is something you should try.", "Question: How long to brine and is there too long? Can you brine too long? Does the weight of the bird matter? Answer: See the brine time section for recommended times. As far as the bird just follow the directions in the basic brine times and adjust if your bird is bigger. You can brine too long, so follow the recommended times, or less, never add more time.", "Question: Does the strength of the brine matter (dilution factor)? Answer: Yes, if you don’t have a high enough solution of salt to liquid, you’re just soaking. I haven’t seen a specified percentage, but the minimum I usually see is 3/4 cup of Kosher salt to 1 gal or water. The scientist out there can tell us if that’s 20% solution or not.", "Question: Can you brine a frozen bird? Answer: No. The brine and osmosis won’t be able to work on a frozen product and if you let the bird since in a salty solution longer than recommended, you’ll have a less than good quality bird - mushy and over-seasoned.", "Question: Should I use a rub if I brined my bird? Answer: You don’t have too. It will depend on the flavorings of the brine. A lot of times I do, so that the outside gets a nice flavor from the rub and the insides gets more flavors from the brine.", "Question: How scared should I be brining & cooking a bird for a party of 15 if I've never brined before? In other words, how hard is it? And, is it easy to screw up? Answer: I’ve seen you cook and you should be real scared. No, really. Okay, I’m teasing. I always recommend practicing before any large party. You may not like the particular herbs/seasonings in a particular rub. Get to know the effects and flavors of brining before your party. Remember the first time you smoked a brisket - would you feed that to your friends? Practice, but don’t tell them when you do it and see if they notice - they will.", "Question: Can you brine and inject? Answer: You don’t need to, if you’re going to inject the brine. Osmosis works for you - so you don’t have to. Now, if you want to inject your own flavorings after the brine, feel free.", "Question: Should you pay attention to lowering the salt in your rub, if you use a traditional salt brine? Answer: Good Question. Many cooks don’t realize how much salt is in everything they’re using. By using a brine, you’re adding more. As I always recommend, you’ll have to be the judge, so if you’re worried about being too “salty”, cut back the salt somewhere. Most of my rub recipes have little to no salt in them for this reason, so I can add salt as needed.", "Question: Food nutritionists say honey breaks down at 160°F,so should you wait till after you boil the brine and it cools some to add the honey? Answer: I’m not a food nutritionist, but I haven’t notice a lack of honey taste in my Honey Brine because I put the honey in when it was too hot. I mix my brines by putting the salts and sugars into solution and bring it to a rolling boil. Then I take it off the heat and add the honey. If you want, wait until you solution cools below 160°F before adding your honey.", "Question: Can the brine be used for a second time for the same food type? Answer: Food Safety 101 - Don’t every reuse a brine once it’s had food in it. I’m sure the food scientists out there can tell us how and when and why you might be able to, but I don’t recommend doing it. The whole issue is cross- contamination, do you want to get food poisoning? Nope, not me. If you feel you can accomplish food safety and reuse a brine, it’s all up to you.", "Question: Instead of water, can I use something else, like Coca-Cola, Orange Juice, Apple Juice, Beer, Etc? Answer: Trick question, but a good one. Yes you can substitute other liquids for the water that is the base for a brine - BUT", "and this is a big but, don’t make the solution acidic. Remember that a brine uses osmosis and marinades use acid. If you make your solution acidic (like using a orange/citrus juice) you’ll actually get a mushy exterior on the meat. The reason is the length of time your brine works vs. the length of time for a marinade. You can use a little acid, but if you add too much, watch out for the effect that acid has on your meat. If you do add acid, reduce your brining time accordingly.", "Question: My refrigerator isn’t big enough to hold the brine in a big bucket, what do I do? Answer: Get another refrigerator! (Sorry, bad humor). Be creative, but remember two things: temperature and air are your enemies. Keep the temperature below 40F° and the meat completely covered by brine. Once the solution is made, you can break it up into smaller quantities. For example, take a zip lock back, put 4 to 6 chicken breast in there and add brine to cover, close it after squeezing out the air and you’ll do fine. For turkey, I’ve see people add the brine to a larger garbage bag (clean one of course) add the turkey, seal it. Then place this inside a larger bag, incase the first one leaks. Just keep temperature and air in mind.", "Question: Can I brine pork? Answer: Since the worm that causes Trichinosis is no longer present in American pork, it is now safe enough that it doesn't have to be cooked well done. However, Jim McKinney, chef-owner of Club Grotto in Louisville, KY, couldn't convince his customers of that. \"If they see pink in a pork chop, they think they're going to get sick,\" he says. By brining his 12-ounce pork chop for 24 hours in a mixture of kosher salt, brown sugar, fresh rosemary and juniper berries, some of the blood is drawn out and McKinney can cook it to just 140°F degrees without hearing any complaints. \"And the flavor it packs is incredible,\" he says. His brine is 28 percent salt and 10 percent brown sugar3.", "CHAPTER 3: BASIC TIMES FOR BRINES HOW LONG TO BRINE? It all depends (don’t you love that answer)? The size of the item your brining, the relative strength of the brine and your individual preferences will all make a difference. I highly recommend you experiment, keep good notes and you’ll determine your own answer. Before you experiment, read the Questions and Answers chapter for some ideas and concerns about changing times and solutions. These are “sample” times. Feel free to adjust -SLIGHTY- but remember: If you’re worried about your first brine, go with a time in the middle of the range. If that was too salty, try lowering your time. After that, you can adjust your solution if you still think it’s too salty (see the Q&A section for more).", "Item| Brine Time ---|--- Whole Chicken (4-5 Pounds)| 8 to 12 hours Chicken Parts| 1 1/2 hours Chicken Breasts| 1 hour Whole Turkey| 24-48 hours Turkey Breast| 5-10 hours Cornish Game Hens| 2 hours Shrimp| 30 minutes Pork Chop| 12-24 hours Pork Tenderloin (whole)| 12-24 hours", "CHAPTER 4: BRINING RECIPES Preparation If you’re new to brining, read all the information in the Q&A section for some of the common mistakes and concerns. To prepare your solution, there are two methods. Remember that whatever your mixing needs to be thoroughly into solution before using. Measurements “How much is an Ounce?” 2 tablespoons = ounce 6 teaspoons = ounce", "Method 1: Cold. Dissolve salt in a cold or room temperature water, add other ingredients and mix thoroughly. All solution to set overnight. Then use. Method 2: Heated. Mix salt, sugar and water in a pot and bring to a low/rolling boil. Take off the heat and add other flavorings. Let cool.", "When brining, always use stainless steel, glass or food-grade plastic containers. Totally submerge in solution and store in a refrigerator for the recommended time. As a general starting point, take one gallon of water and add 3/4 cup (preferable - but you can use up to a cup) of salt (Kosher is best), 1/2 cup of sugar and then the rest is up to you. Sliced onions are nice, a few cloves of crushed garlic add a nice flavor and then there's the spices and herbs.", "SIMPLE BRINE II: Ingredients: 3/4 cup Kosher salt 3/4 cup brown sugar 1 gallon water 1/4 cup coarse black pepper", "SMOKIN’ OKIE’S HOLIDAY TURKEY BRINE: Ingredients: 1 gallon water 1 cup coarse Kosher salt 3/4 cup soy sauce 1/2 cup white sugar 1/2 cup brown sugar 1/2 cup honey 1/2 cup apple cider vinegar 4 tablespoons black pepper 3 - 4 tablespoons chopped garlic 1 teaspoon Allspice 1 oz. Morton’s Tenderquick (optional) Instructions: Heat water/salt/sugars to rolling boil. Take off burner, add other ingredients. Allow mixture to cool before placing meat into solution. Place 10 - 12 lb. turkey in non-reactive container and cover with brine. Refrigerate for minimum of 24 hours, preferably 48 hours. Load smoker’s wood box with 4 oz. hickory wood. Remove turkey from the refrigerator and discard brine. Rinse turkey three times, pat dry and lightly rub skin with mayonnaise. Apply light coating of Cookshack Spicy Chicken Rub. Place turkey in smoker and smoke cook at 200°F for one hour per lb. I like cherry or apple wood for my turkey. Smoke until internal temperature of breast reaches 160°F to 165°F. Remove from smoker and allow to sit for 30 minutes before slicing. Note:About the “optional” Tenderquick. If you smoke a turkey at temperatures of 180° to 225° F., you might want to consider using the Tenderquick. The turkey will be spending a lot of time in the DANGER ZONE of 40°F to 140°F, so just be aware of this. If in doubt, use the Tenderquick.", "SHAKE’S HONEY BRINE & FRIED TURKEY Ingredients: 1/2 gallon will do 2 turkeys; 2 oz each leg, 2 oz each thigh, 4 oz each breast. 1 gallon water 1 cup pickling salt 1 oz tender quick (2 tbsp) 1 cup honey 3 bay leaves 1/4 tsp ground cloves 1/2 tsp pickle spice", "SMOKIN OKIE’S ORIGINAL BRINE Ingredients: 1 gallon water 1 cup kosher salt 1 ounce Tenderquick 1 cup honey 3 bay leaves 1/4 teaspoon ground cloves 1/2 teaspoon pickling spices", "SIMPLE BRINE III: Ingredients: 1 cup Kosher salt 1/2 cup molasses 1/2 cup maple syrup 1/2 cup lemon juice 1/4 cup cracked black pepper 1/4 cup crushed red peppers 2 tablespoons minced garlic", "SIMPLE PORK BRINE: Ingredients: 1 gallon Water 1/2 cup coarse kosher salt 1/2 cup white sugar 3 bay leaves 1 whole onion, cut-up Rub Ingredients: 3 tablespoons garlic 2 sprigs fresh rosemary 3 tablespoon whole peppercorns Instructions: Try this with pork chops. Brine for eight hours, using the largest pork chops you can find (reduce for smaller pork chops). After brining, sprinkle the pork chops with the rub and let sit for one hour. Smoke or grill to an internal temperature of 130°F to 135°F. Option 1: Use a piece of flattened out tenderloin (or even chicken tenderloin). Since you’re using a smaller piece of meat, brine for 2 hours. Bread and cook as you would a normal tenderloin=delicious. Option 2: Add 1/4 of Bourbon to your brine.", "Tip: Because water is a heat conductor you will typically find that a brined item will cook faster than an non-brined item", "Tip: If you want your poultry to have a golden and crispy skin it needs to sit in the refrigerator for several hours after you remove it from the brine so that the meat can absorb the moisture from the skin. Whole poultry is the exception however. To get a crispy, brown skin whole birds should be removed from the brine, wrapped in foil or plastic and put in the refrigerator overnight or for at least 12 hours.", "Tip: The saltier the brine, the shorter time is required. And the brine will penetrate a chicken breast or pork chop much faster than a large thick muscle like a whole pork loin or turkey.", "Tip: Water is optional. Any liquid will do for brining; just keep in mind my discussion about it being too acidic. You can substitute some or all of the water with whatever you heart desires. Wine, beer, fruit juices (especially good is apple), or vinegars all make a good liquid base for your brine. Just remember our discussion about making the brine to acidic. If you add more acid to your mixture, I would decrease the brining time.", "Tip: Any herb, spice, sweetener, fruit, vegetable will work; let your imaginations run wild. Think of a brine as a soup, there can be a lot of complexity in soup or just simple ones.", "Tip: You need enough brine to completely submerge the meat without any part being out of the liquid. Some items might need to be weighted down to stay under.", "Tip: How much liquid will you need? Take the meat you plan to brine and place it in the container. Cover with liquid. Now you know! Measure the amount and you’ll know how much brine to make.", "Tip: You don't want the brine cooking the meat, always add your meat to a cold brine, not a hot one.", "Tip: You don’t need to boil the entire gallon of liquid to create your brine. Start with a quart, add your salts and sugars and create a super saturated solution. After boiling, mix your remaining liquid, thoroughly; this way you don’t have to use a really big pot to boil with. If you need to cool this super solution down quickly, mix with ice water.", "Tip: Want to preserve the color of the meat? Add 1 tablespoon of Cure (Saltpeter, Tenderquick, Prague Powder) per gallon of liquid This will help. Another trick used by chefs is to add 1 tablespoon of Saltpeter per gallon of liquid. If the color is important to you, consider the cure.", "There are so many people throughout the Internet that have “helped” in the production of this, by asking me questions and providing information. I’d like to thank them all, but I can’t. I have tried to credit those who have provided significant information. Special thanks to the Members of the Cookshack Forum for all their questions and help! Special Thanks to Shake for my very first brine was Shake’s Honey Brine", "Note 3: Janet Fletcher, Chronicle Staff Writer n article: “READY FOR BRINE TIME” Notice: Please contact the author, SmokinOkie, if you have any questions or corrections. TheBBQZone.com brining@thebbqzone.com" ] }, "parsed_md": "BRINING 101 - Cookshack BBQ\n\nMenu\n\n0\n\n * Smokers & Grills\n * Accessories\n\n * Equipment Accessories\n * Sauces & Spices\n * Wood & Pellets\n * Cookbooks\n * Replacement Parts\n * Gear\n * Recipes\n * Commercial\n * Support\n * Contact Us\n * 1-800-423-0698\n * Login\n\n * 1-800-423-0698\n * Contact Us\n\n0\n\nYour Cart is Empty\n\n * Login\n\n * Smokers & Grills\n * Accessories\n\n * Equipment Accessories\n * Sauces & Spices\n * Wood & Pellets\n * Cookbooks\n * Replacement Parts\n * Gear\n * Recipes\n * Commercial\n * Support\n\n * Equipment Accessories\n\n * Sauces & Spices\n\n * Wood & Pellets\n\n * Cookbooks\n\n * Replacement Parts\n\n * Gear\n\nHome\n\n/ Recipes\n\nNext\n\n# BRINING 101\n\ncookshack 101s recipes\n\nBRINING 101\n\nCHAPTER 1: THE WHY AND WHAT OF BRINING To Brine or Not to Brine: That is the\nQuestion.\n\nWe’ve all had that chicken or turkey that really tasted dry and tough and\nchewy after smoking. Ever had leftovers that were dry? Brining may be one\nsolution to help you with these problems. Brining gets a lot of questions and\ninterest and this is my attempt to try and help you learn about it. I’m not an\nexpert, just someone who’s been doing it a while and I’ve learned a lot\nthrough research and trial and error. I’ll provide information and sources\nhere hopefully to help you understand why you WANT to do this for your next\npiece of poultry. If you want more information, please see the links in\n“references.” If you already know about brining, skip the “background” and go\nto the next chapter.\n\nBACKGROUND Brining is not new. Soaking food in salt water has been used by\ncooks and restaurants for many years. Lately however, with the advent of the\nInternet, we’re able to share information and learn about new methods much\neasier and faster and Brining has now become a “hot” topic. According to the\nFood Safety and Inspection Service1 the verb \"brine\" means to treat with or\nsteep in brine. Brine is a strong solution of water and salt. A sweetener such\nas sugar, molasses, honey, or corn syrup may be added to the solution for\nflavor and to improve browning. The brining of meats is an old process used\nfor food preservation. Before refrigeration, heavy amounts of salt were used\nto preserve meats for long periods of time. Now, we use much smaller\nquantities of salt, mixed with other spices and herbs, achieving increased\nflavor in the meat as well as other benefits. Brining in a saltwater mixture\nbefore you smoke typically will add flavor, tenderness and typically reduces\ncooking times. Our poultry and pork have much less fat than they used to,\nwhich means they tend to dry out more quickly when cooked and to be less\nflavorful than in the past. Brining is chemistry in action. The chemistry\nbehind brining is actually pretty simple.\n\nOSMOSIS Meat already contains salt water. By immersing meats into a liquid\nwith a higher concentration of salt the liquid is absorbed into the meat. Any\nflavoring added to the brine will be carried into the meat with the saltwater\nmixture. And because the meat is now loaded with extra moisture it will stay\nthat way longer while it cooks.\n\nPROTEIN MODIFICATION Brining alters the chemical structure of proteins by\nbreaking some of the bonds that give proteins their shape. The salt denatures\nthe meat proteins, causing them to unwind and form a matrix that traps the\nwater. According to David Krauss, a professor of biology at Boston College,\nthose bonds are sensitive to changes in temperature, acidity and salinity,\ncausing the proteins themselves to break down a bit in brines and allowing the\nsalt, sugar, and other flavoring agents to permeate the food's flesh.\n\nSALT Salt has a couple of efforts for poultry, it dissolves protein in muscle\ncausing the to change and trap more moisture. Combine Protein Modification and\nSalt and you get a reduced moisture loss during smoking. The results: juicier,\ntender and more flavorful.\n\nCURES IN BRINES There are a lot of brines out there that include “cures”.\nCures are also from the old school before refrigeration, you needed to cure\nthe meat to store it. Bacteria LOVES to grow in meats when they are in the\ntemperature range of 40°F to 140°F and cures help prevent this growth. If you\nare not sure you can guarantee that your brine will stay below 40°F during the\nbrining soak, you may want to use a brine with a cure in it. Cures go by the\nnames of Tenderquick, Prague Powder, and others. According to Morton Salt2:\nBrine curing is also popular for curing meat. This method is also called a\nsweet pickle cure. Brine curing involves mixing the curing salt with water to\nmake a sweet pickle solution. The meat is cured with this brine by injecting\nthe brine using a meat pump or by soaking the meat for a specific time. Curing\ntakes place in the refrigerator and the meat is cooked after curing. Often\nlarger cuts of meat and poultry such as hams and turkeys are injected with a\nsweet pickle cure. Smaller products including whole chickens and fish may be\nsoaked in a curing brine solution.\n\nRemember: Brining actually provides a cushion for cooking, so you can even\novercook by a few degrees and the item will remain moist Instead of seasoning\noutside - brining puts the flavor inside Because water is a heat conductor you\nwill typically find that a brined item will cook faster than an non-brined\nitem.\n\nCHAPTER 2 - COMMON QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT BRINING Question: \"What's the\ndifference between brining and marinating?\" Answer: Brining involves salt and\nosmosis to exchange the fluid in the brine with the water inside the meat.\nMarinating used acidity to break down the texture of the meat. You can\nactually do both if your marinate has salt in it.\n\nQuestion: Can I adjust the amount of salt in the brine without affecting the\nbrining process? Answer: Yes. As long as you follow the basic and have a salty\nsolution, Osmosis will have the desired effect. Although if you adjust it\nbelow 1 cup or 3/4 cup, you’re just “soaking” in salt water, not brining. Just\nbecause a brine has salt in it, however, doesn’t mean you’re going to get a\nsalty end product. Try two things. One: rinse the meat really well to get the\nsalt off the outside (remember, Osmosis puts the salt solution inside so\nyou’re not washing off the flavors). Two: add a sugar (white, turbinado,\nbrown) to your solution to cut the salt, try for example 2/3 cup of Kosher\nsalt and 2/3 cup of white sugar to a gallon of water. I recommend starting\nwith a recipe and it’s amount of salt, try these two tricks and see if that\ngives you the desire effect. Remember, brining requires a specific\nconcentration of salt to water. Don’t cut back too far.\n\nQuestion: The end product, after smoking, tastes over-seasoned and looks\n“mushy.” Why? Answer: See the discussion about the effect of acidity on a\nbrine solution. Also, anything left in a brine too long will taste over-\nseasoned. Keep good logs and what you brined, how long it was brined and the\nresults. Next time you’ll know how long is “too long.”\n\nQuestion: My brine doesn’t have sugar in it and sometimes the chicken comes\nout so off, uh, gray looking. Answer: Add some sugar to your brine. The same\nreason that you use sugar for carmelization in regular cooking will work here.\nBut be careful, if you add too much sugar to a brine and use it on pork -\nyou’ll get a hammy taste. A sugar brine is what is used by many companies to\ncreate their hams. Now you know!\n\nQuestion: Can you change flavors with brine? Can you add additional flavors to\nthe brine easily (herbs, spices, etc.)? Answer: Once you’ve tried a brine,\nexperiment. Just like any recipe, feel free to modify the other flavorings and\nspices, but the salt/water mixture/ratio shouldn’t be modified significantly.\n\nQuestion: If you can keep your brined fowl down below 38°F the entire time,\nand are always cooking to an internal of 160°F+, is TenderQuick necessary?\nAnswer: Possibly. The purpose of TenderQuick is food safety. If you keep your\nbrine below 40°F, you’re not in the Food Safety DANGER ZONE of 40°F to 140°F.\n\nQuestion: Why do I have to let the solution cool before I add the meat?\nAnswer: See answer above about temperature. Remember, remember, remember the\nDANGER ZONE for 40°F to 140°F. Avoid at all cost! If you add a hot solution\nand create a brine that’s in this range (mix a hot solution and cold water and\nit WILL be in this range) you’re asking for trouble. And, NO, you can’t add it\nto a really hot brine - then you’re cooking!\n\nQuestion: Why Kosher Salt? Can’t I use table or regular sea salt? Answer:\nThere are some very significant differences in the amount of salt, by weight\nin kosher salt vs. regular salt. You can’t substitute them one for one. I\nsuggest the larger, coarser Kosher so that you get a more consistent brine. If\nyou MUST use regular salt, I would recommend decreasing salt by 1⁄2 the amount\nto start with.\n\nQuestion: I can't find Tenderquick or Kosher Salt at the local grocery\nstore's. I found some Morton's Pickling & Canning Salt, Will this work? What\ndoes TenderQuick do, are there replaceable products? Do I need a “cure” in\nthere or just use salt? Answer: Cures are NOT required in brines. I always\nused them early in my brining trials because that is what the recipe called\nfor. But in doing a lot of research, it’s not required. It is a cure and as\nsuch, is typically used in places where you’re worried about the Food Safety\nDANGER ZONE of 40°F to 140°F. You don’t have to have the cure if you’re sure\nof your temperatures. Keep it below 40°F. Pickling Salt will work. Don’t use\nother salts than Kosher (keep reading, there is more info below). You can find\nit, believe me, it’s in every store.\n\nQuestion: What is the cook's reason to brine, anyway? Answer: See the section\non Brining Background and you’ll understand why it is something you should\ntry.\n\nQuestion: How long to brine and is there too long? Can you brine too long?\nDoes the weight of the bird matter? Answer: See the brine time section for\nrecommended times. As far as the bird just follow the directions in the basic\nbrine times and adjust if your bird is bigger. You can brine too long, so\nfollow the recommended times, or less, never add more time.\n\nQuestion: Does the strength of the brine matter (dilution factor)? Answer:\nYes, if you don’t have a high enough solution of salt to liquid, you’re just\nsoaking. I haven’t seen a specified percentage, but the minimum I usually see\nis 3/4 cup of Kosher salt to 1 gal or water. The scientist out there can tell\nus if that’s 20% solution or not.\n\nQuestion: Can you brine a frozen bird? Answer: No. The brine and osmosis won’t\nbe able to work on a frozen product and if you let the bird since in a salty\nsolution longer than recommended, you’ll have a less than good quality bird -\nmushy and over-seasoned.\n\nQuestion: Should I use a rub if I brined my bird? Answer: You don’t have too.\nIt will depend on the flavorings of the brine. A lot of times I do, so that\nthe outside gets a nice flavor from the rub and the insides gets more flavors\nfrom the brine.\n\nQuestion: How scared should I be brining & cooking a bird for a party of 15 if\nI've never brined before? In other words, how hard is it? And, is it easy to\nscrew up? Answer: I’ve seen you cook and you should be real scared. No,\nreally. Okay, I’m teasing. I always recommend practicing before any large\nparty. You may not like the particular herbs/seasonings in a particular rub.\nGet to know the effects and flavors of brining before your party. Remember the\nfirst time you smoked a brisket - would you feed that to your friends?\nPractice, but don’t tell them when you do it and see if they notice - they\nwill.\n\nQuestion: Can you brine and inject? Answer: You don’t need to, if you’re going\nto inject the brine. Osmosis works for you - so you don’t have to. Now, if you\nwant to inject your own flavorings after the brine, feel free.\n\nQuestion: Should you pay attention to lowering the salt in your rub, if you\nuse a traditional salt brine? Answer: Good Question. Many cooks don’t realize\nhow much salt is in everything they’re using. By using a brine, you’re adding\nmore. As I always recommend, you’ll have to be the judge, so if you’re worried\nabout being too “salty”, cut back the salt somewhere. Most of my rub recipes\nhave little to no salt in them for this reason, so I can add salt as needed.\n\nQuestion: Food nutritionists say honey breaks down at 160°F,so should you wait\ntill after you boil the brine and it cools some to add the honey? Answer: I’m\nnot a food nutritionist, but I haven’t notice a lack of honey taste in my\nHoney Brine because I put the honey in when it was too hot. I mix my brines by\nputting the salts and sugars into solution and bring it to a rolling boil.\nThen I take it off the heat and add the honey. If you want, wait until you\nsolution cools below 160°F before adding your honey.\n\nQuestion: Can the brine be used for a second time for the same food type?\nAnswer: Food Safety 101 - Don’t every reuse a brine once it’s had food in it.\nI’m sure the food scientists out there can tell us how and when and why you\nmight be able to, but I don’t recommend doing it. The whole issue is cross-\ncontamination, do you want to get food poisoning? Nope, not me. If you feel\nyou can accomplish food safety and reuse a brine, it’s all up to you.\n\nQuestion: Instead of water, can I use something else, like Coca-Cola, Orange\nJuice, Apple Juice, Beer, Etc? Answer: Trick question, but a good one. Yes you\ncan substitute other liquids for the water that is the base for a brine - BUT\n- and this is a big but, don’t make the solution acidic. Remember that a brine\nuses osmosis and marinades use acid. If you make your solution acidic (like\nusing a orange/citrus juice) you’ll actually get a mushy exterior on the meat.\nThe reason is the length of time your brine works vs. the length of time for a\nmarinade. You can use a little acid, but if you add too much, watch out for\nthe effect that acid has on your meat. If you do add acid, reduce your brining\ntime accordingly.\n\nQuestion: My refrigerator isn’t big enough to hold the brine in a big bucket,\nwhat do I do? Answer: Get another refrigerator! (Sorry, bad humor). Be\ncreative, but remember two things: temperature and air are your enemies. Keep\nthe temperature below 40F° and the meat completely covered by brine. Once the\nsolution is made, you can break it up into smaller quantities. For example,\ntake a zip lock back, put 4 to 6 chicken breast in there and add brine to\ncover, close it after squeezing out the air and you’ll do fine. For turkey,\nI’ve see people add the brine to a larger garbage bag (clean one of course)\nadd the turkey, seal it. Then place this inside a larger bag, incase the first\none leaks. Just keep temperature and air in mind.\n\nQuestion: Can I brine pork? Answer: Since the worm that causes Trichinosis is\nno longer present in American pork, it is now safe enough that it doesn't have\nto be cooked well done. However, Jim McKinney, chef-owner of Club Grotto in\nLouisville, KY, couldn't convince his customers of that. \"If they see pink in\na pork chop, they think they're going to get sick,\" he says. By brining his\n12-ounce pork chop for 24 hours in a mixture of kosher salt, brown sugar,\nfresh rosemary and juniper berries, some of the blood is drawn out and\nMcKinney can cook it to just 140°F degrees without hearing any complaints.\n\"And the flavor it packs is incredible,\" he says. His brine is 28 percent salt\nand 10 percent brown sugar3.\n\nCHAPTER 3: BASIC TIMES FOR BRINES HOW LONG TO BRINE? It all depends (don’t you\nlove that answer)? The size of the item your brining, the relative strength of\nthe brine and your individual preferences will all make a difference. I highly\nrecommend you experiment, keep good notes and you’ll determine your own\nanswer. Before you experiment, read the Questions and Answers chapter for some\nideas and concerns about changing times and solutions. These are “sample”\ntimes. Feel free to adjust -SLIGHTY- but remember: If you’re worried about\nyour first brine, go with a time in the middle of the range. If that was too\nsalty, try lowering your time. After that, you can adjust your solution if you\nstill think it’s too salty (see the Q&A section for more).\n\nItem| Brine Time \n---|--- \nWhole Chicken (4-5 Pounds)| 8 to 12 hours \nChicken Parts| 1 1/2 hours \nChicken Breasts| 1 hour \nWhole Turkey| 24-48 hours \nTurkey Breast| 5-10 hours \nCornish Game Hens| 2 hours \nShrimp| 30 minutes \nPork Chop| 12-24 hours \nPork Tenderloin (whole)| 12-24 hours \n \nCHAPTER 4: BRINING RECIPES Preparation If you’re new to brining, read all the\ninformation in the Q&A section for some of the common mistakes and concerns.\nTo prepare your solution, there are two methods. Remember that whatever your\nmixing needs to be thoroughly into solution before using. Measurements “How\nmuch is an Ounce?” 2 tablespoons = ounce 6 teaspoons = ounce\n\nMethod 1: Cold. Dissolve salt in a cold or room temperature water, add other\ningredients and mix thoroughly. All solution to set overnight. Then use.\nMethod 2: Heated. Mix salt, sugar and water in a pot and bring to a\nlow/rolling boil. Take off the heat and add other flavorings. Let cool.\n\nWhen brining, always use stainless steel, glass or food-grade plastic\ncontainers. Totally submerge in solution and store in a refrigerator for the\nrecommended time. As a general starting point, take one gallon of water and\nadd 3/4 cup (preferable - but you can use up to a cup) of salt (Kosher is\nbest), 1/2 cup of sugar and then the rest is up to you. Sliced onions are\nnice, a few cloves of crushed garlic add a nice flavor and then there's the\nspices and herbs.\n\nSIMPLE BRINE I: Ingredients: 1/2 cup Kosher salt 1/2 cup sugar 1 gallon water\n\nSIMPLE BRINE II: Ingredients: 3/4 cup Kosher salt 3/4 cup brown sugar 1 gallon\nwater 1/4 cup coarse black pepper\n\nSMOKIN’ OKIE’S HOLIDAY TURKEY BRINE: Ingredients: 1 gallon water 1 cup coarse\nKosher salt 3/4 cup soy sauce 1/2 cup white sugar 1/2 cup brown sugar 1/2 cup\nhoney 1/2 cup apple cider vinegar 4 tablespoons black pepper 3 - 4 tablespoons\nchopped garlic 1 teaspoon Allspice 1 oz. Morton’s Tenderquick (optional)\nInstructions: Heat water/salt/sugars to rolling boil. Take off burner, add\nother ingredients. Allow mixture to cool before placing meat into solution.\nPlace 10 - 12 lb. turkey in non-reactive container and cover with brine.\nRefrigerate for minimum of 24 hours, preferably 48 hours. Load smoker’s wood\nbox with 4 oz. hickory wood. Remove turkey from the refrigerator and discard\nbrine. Rinse turkey three times, pat dry and lightly rub skin with mayonnaise.\nApply light coating of Cookshack Spicy Chicken Rub. Place turkey in smoker and\nsmoke cook at 200°F for one hour per lb. I like cherry or apple wood for my\nturkey. Smoke until internal temperature of breast reaches 160°F to 165°F.\nRemove from smoker and allow to sit for 30 minutes before slicing. Note:About\nthe “optional” Tenderquick. If you smoke a turkey at temperatures of 180° to\n225° F., you might want to consider using the Tenderquick. The turkey will be\nspending a lot of time in the DANGER ZONE of 40°F to 140°F, so just be aware\nof this. If in doubt, use the Tenderquick.\n\nSHAKE’S HONEY BRINE & FRIED TURKEY Ingredients: 1/2 gallon will do 2 turkeys;\n2 oz each leg, 2 oz each thigh, 4 oz each breast. 1 gallon water 1 cup\npickling salt 1 oz tender quick (2 tbsp) 1 cup honey 3 bay leaves 1/4 tsp\nground cloves 1/2 tsp pickle spice\n\nSMOKIN OKIE’S ORIGINAL BRINE Ingredients: 1 gallon water 1 cup kosher salt 1\nounce Tenderquick 1 cup honey 3 bay leaves 1/4 teaspoon ground cloves 1/2\nteaspoon pickling spices\n\nSIMPLE BRINE III: Ingredients: 1 cup Kosher salt 1/2 cup molasses 1/2 cup\nmaple syrup 1/2 cup lemon juice 1/4 cup cracked black pepper 1/4 cup crushed\nred peppers 2 tablespoons minced garlic\n\nSIMPLE PORK BRINE: Ingredients: 1 gallon Water 1/2 cup coarse kosher salt 1/2\ncup white sugar 3 bay leaves 1 whole onion, cut-up Rub Ingredients: 3\ntablespoons garlic 2 sprigs fresh rosemary 3 tablespoon whole peppercorns\nInstructions: Try this with pork chops. Brine for eight hours, using the\nlargest pork chops you can find (reduce for smaller pork chops). After\nbrining, sprinkle the pork chops with the rub and let sit for one hour. Smoke\nor grill to an internal temperature of 130°F to 135°F. Option 1: Use a piece\nof flattened out tenderloin (or even chicken tenderloin). Since you’re using a\nsmaller piece of meat, brine for 2 hours. Bread and cook as you would a normal\ntenderloin=delicious. Option 2: Add 1/4 of Bourbon to your brine.\n\nOTHERS: National Wild Turkey Federation Brined Turkey BBQ FAQ Brining Recipes\n\nCHAPTER 5: BRINING TIPS & TRICKS\n\nTip: Because water is a heat conductor you will typically find that a brined\nitem will cook faster than an non-brined item\n\nTip: If you want your poultry to have a golden and crispy skin it needs to sit\nin the refrigerator for several hours after you remove it from the brine so\nthat the meat can absorb the moisture from the skin. Whole poultry is the\nexception however. To get a crispy, brown skin whole birds should be removed\nfrom the brine, wrapped in foil or plastic and put in the refrigerator\novernight or for at least 12 hours.\n\nTip: The saltier the brine, the shorter time is required. And the brine will\npenetrate a chicken breast or pork chop much faster than a large thick muscle\nlike a whole pork loin or turkey.\n\nTip: Water is optional. Any liquid will do for brining; just keep in mind my\ndiscussion about it being too acidic. You can substitute some or all of the\nwater with whatever you heart desires. Wine, beer, fruit juices (especially\ngood is apple), or vinegars all make a good liquid base for your brine. Just\nremember our discussion about making the brine to acidic. If you add more acid\nto your mixture, I would decrease the brining time.\n\nTip: Any herb, spice, sweetener, fruit, vegetable will work; let your\nimaginations run wild. Think of a brine as a soup, there can be a lot of\ncomplexity in soup or just simple ones.\n\nTip: You need enough brine to completely submerge the meat without any part\nbeing out of the liquid. Some items might need to be weighted down to stay\nunder.\n\nTip: How much liquid will you need? Take the meat you plan to brine and place\nit in the container. Cover with liquid. Now you know! Measure the amount and\nyou’ll know how much brine to make.\n\nTip: Almost any container will work as long as it’s non-reactive to salt.\n\nTip: You don't want the brine cooking the meat, always add your meat to a cold\nbrine, not a hot one.\n\nTip: You don’t need to boil the entire gallon of liquid to create your brine.\nStart with a quart, add your salts and sugars and create a super saturated\nsolution. After boiling, mix your remaining liquid, thoroughly; this way you\ndon’t have to use a really big pot to boil with. If you need to cool this\nsuper solution down quickly, mix with ice water.\n\nTip: Lighter more tender meats needs less brining time.\n\nTip: Denser meats like pork, need longer times.\n\nTip: Remember that the longer you brine the stronger the flavor will be.\n\nTip: You do not need to rinse unless you were using a high salt concentration\nin the brine.\n\nTip: Want to preserve the color of the meat? Add 1 tablespoon of Cure\n(Saltpeter, Tenderquick, Prague Powder) per gallon of liquid This will help.\nAnother trick used by chefs is to add 1 tablespoon of Saltpeter per gallon of\nliquid. If the color is important to you, consider the cure.\n\nCHAPTER 6: REFERENCES\n\nThere are so many people throughout the Internet that have “helped” in the\nproduction of this, by asking me questions and providing information. I’d like\nto thank them all, but I can’t. I have tried to credit those who have provided\nsignificant information. Special thanks to the Members of the Cookshack Forum\nfor all their questions and help! Special Thanks to Shake for my very first\nbrine was Shake’s Honey Brine\n\nNote 1: Food Service.\nhttp://www.fsis.usda.gov/Fact_Sheets/poultry_basting_brining_marinating/index.asp\n\nNote 2: Morton Salt: http://www.mortonsalt.com/index.html\n\nNote 3: Janet Fletcher, Chronicle Staff Writer n article: “READY FOR BRINE\nTIME” Notice: Please contact the author, SmokinOkie, if you have any questions\nor corrections. TheBBQZone.com brining@thebbqzone.com\n\n###### Support\n\n * Warranty\n\n * FAQs\n\n * Shipping & Returns\n\n * Troubleshooting Guides\n\n###### Quick Links\n\n * Register Your Smoker\n\n * Manuals & Instructions\n\n * Spec Sheets\n\n * Recipes\n\n###### Contact & Info\n\n * Contact Us\n\n * Our Story\n\n * Blog\n\n * Forum\n\n * Privacy Policy and Terms\n\n© 2021 Cookshack BBQ.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://cookthestory.com/how-to-brine/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006101618/https://cookthestory.com/how-to-brine/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Brine", "passages": [ "Soaking lean meats in a salt water solution is so easy and it makes such a difference! Here’s how to brine.", "You’ve probably heard of brining, and maybe you’ve even done it with your Thanksgiving turkey. But brining is a great idea for all your favorite lean meats, like chicken breasts and pork chops. Why? Because it helps make them both juicier and more flavorful!", "It’s simply soaking food in a salt water solution. Sometimes for extra flavor, you might add other ingredients, like sugar, herbs, or spices. But all you really need for a brine is salt and water.", "One, the meats that you’re soaking absorb the brine, making them more moist and juicy. All meat loses liquid during cooking, but since brined meats start out with more, they end up with more, too.", "And two, brining dissolves some of the meat’s muscle fibers. The technical term for this is denaturing. But don’t worry about that. The important thing is it literally turns some of the solids into liquid, enhancing your experience of moisture.", "The additional moisture makes your meat juicier. The fact that the moisture is salty makes it more flavorful. Win and win!", "Because the benefits are juiciness and flavor, the best meats for brining are lean meats, because with less fat they tend to dry out and also to have less flavor. Enter the Thanksgiving turkey.", "On the flip side, beef and lamb are not good candidates for brining because they’re fattier and they can be enjoyed rarer than chicken or pork. Both those things mean they cook up juicier and more flavorful by default.", "See my recipe below for a basic brine solution. It’ll make enough for 4 pork chops, 4 chicken breasts or 2 pork tenderloins. If you’re making something bigger, just double, triple, or quadruple the recipe! The recipe also tells you how long to brine the different cuts.", "Note that the amount of salt in the recipe depends on what kind you’re using—Diamond Crystal kosher salt, Morton’s kosher salt versus any kind of finely ground salt like table salt. Personally, I like kosher salt because it dissolves easily, but any kind will work.", "As for additional ingredients, I’ve found that sugar can make a nice difference, but adding herbs and spices makes a very mild difference at best. Experiment and see what works for you.", "Soaking lean meats in a salt water solution is so easy and it makes such a difference! Here’s how to brine.", "Optional ingredients: peppercorns, juniper berries, rosemary, thyme and/or sage sprigs, bay leaves, allspice berries, whole cloves, star anise, other favorite herbs and spices", "In a large nonreactive container, combine the water, salt and sugar (if using), stirring to dissolve the salt and sugar.", "Transfer to a resealable bag, add the meat and any optional ingredients and seal the bag, squeezing out as much air as possible.", "Set aside in the refrigerator for 4- 6 hours for chicken breasts, 1-inch thick pork chops or pork tenderloins, 8-12 hours for a whole chicken or turkey breast, 12-24 hours for a whole turkey or pork loin.", "Note: This recipe makes enough brine for 4 pork chops, 4 chicken breasts or 2 pork tenderloins. Double, triple, or quadruple the recipe for bigger cuts or larger batches.", "Hi! I’m Christine. My passion is creating recipes that take less time in the kitchen, so that we can all spend more time enjoying life! I’m a busy single mom of two, so I totally get how tough it can be. That’s why I’ve been figuring things out for my own family, and that’s why I want to share this knowledge with others. I now help over 2 million people a month get delicious meals onto their tables. Come along with me and see how much easier it can be!", "Can you brine beef roasts? What exactly does adding the sugar do for the brine? My son bought a roast that has hardly any fat on it and I know it will be tough.", "Katherine, it is not typically recommended that you brine beef roasts. That has to do with the typical cooking temperatures and the fact that the kind of beef cuts that you dry roast are tender enough. However, you could try it. Certainly, the roast beef that you buy at the deli counter is brined. Having said that, I have had wonderful success dry-brining beef (steaks and roasts). We have instructions for how to do that over here – https://cookthestory.com/how-to-dry-brine/", "This worked AMAZINGLY WELL!!!! I defrosted half a ham and wanted to brine it before smoking. All I could find was “wet curing recipes” and then I found this page. I bribed my ham for a little over 24 hours and read thoroughly through the recipe, and I worked wonderfully. I had also defrosted some pork chops and I poured the ham brine into a bowl and brined the pork chops in that same brine for 8 hours and bbq’ed them on a coal grill, and I am not exaggerating BEST PORK CHOPS I have ever had. We have a freezer full of County Fair pork chops and they have been relegated to crock pot pulled pork because I don’t like pork chops. They are always dry, but this brine has salvaged pork chops for me. I now actually look forward to bbq’ing more chops! Thank you so much. I read the other reviews on here, the naysayers, and I believe that’s from not watching how much of what kind of salt one uses. I didn’t have enough kosher salt so I ended up liking 2 tbsp of kosher with table salt at the recommended portion accounting for what I had added, and rinsed immediately after removing from the brine, and everything, ham, pork chops, everything was amazing!", "great info i brine with mortin salt only difference i use half the water and outher half sweet wine ,little sage great try it thanks for info", "Brandon, you can do it either way. If you pound it first, it will need less time in the brine. Leaving it for the full time won’t hurt it though. I have never tried pounding them after but I think it will be easier before just because everything is less wet and less full of juice.", "I’ve been brining for a while. For chicken breasts or pork chops 1 to 2 hours is best. Rinse after brining. Forget about adding spices, as they are oil soluble and adding them to water gets you nothing! Also, look up dry brining, especially for chicken. Works great!", "What kind of meat are you preparing? The length of time for the brine we suggest are 4- 6 hours for chicken breasts, 1-inch thick pork chops or pork tenderloins, 8-12 hours for a whole chicken or turkey breast, 12-24 hours for a whole turkey or pork loin.", "Great now we can make our own brine and we don’t have to buy premade brine anymore, Also this brine has enhanced flavours as well thank you very much for writing this.", "I would like to add to my previous comment: The brine recipe specifies Diamond Crystal Kosher Salt. Coincidentally, I had watched the “Salt, Fat, Acid, Heat” series on Netflix that very day. In the episode on Salt, Samin Nosrat talk specifically about the difference between Diamond Crystal Kosher Salt and Morton Kosher Salt in one scene. She says that Morton brand is twice as salty as D.C. per volume due to different crystal structure (or some reason like that). Guess which brand of kosher salt I used; Morton Kosher Salt. So, I really don’t have an excuse, I was explicitly warned of this exact issue by a professional chef. So, could you possibly amend your brine recipe to include measurements by weight? Perhaps that might help prevent others from making the same blunder.", "Yes, the type of salt does matter! We specify 6 Tbsp. Diamond Crystal kosher salt, 4 1/2 Tbsp. Morton’s kosher salt or 3 Tbsp. fine or table salt. Did you use 6 Tbsp or 4 1/2 Tbsp of Mortons? Thanks for info and reference, Jeremiah!", "I wish I had read the comments, I tried this with chicken breasts and they turned out inedible, way too salty, and they were huge chicken breasts. Cut the salt and or time by half.", "I would like to try and brine a pork loin roast that I plan to spiral cut. Do I cut it first and then brine it? Or should I brine it whole? If the former, are there any adjustments to the recipe above that I should make? Lastly, I am glad to have found your website; I find your explanations very simple and easy to follow – thank you!", "You can brine it before or after cutting it, Mimi. It will need less time in the brine if you cut it first. No, you don’t have to make any adjustments to the brining recipe. However, for whatever pork recipe you’re following, you won’t want to add any salt. Thank you for the kind compliment. I’m so happy you found my site! I do a lot of little videos and explanations on facebook that don’t end up here. If you’re interested in those, you can follow me here – https://www.facebook.com/CookTheStory/", "Hi. I haven’t tried this yet, but intend on it. With the chicken breasts coming out too salty, does the size of the chicken breast matter? I’m just thinking if the chicken breast cut is small, this might affect the saltiness. Curious to know your thoughts. Thank you!", "No, don’t cut down on the salt, Shannon. You need the same proportion for the brining to happen. You can, however, cut down on the amount of time that the meat stays in the brine! Also, try rinsing the chicken after it’s been in the brine. Finally, don’t add salt while cooking.", "I brined two chicken breasts using your proportions. WAY too much salt. I rinsed the salt off, patted them dry, cajun- spiced them, grilled them perfectly and after about three or four bites of several different pieces, I threw them in the wastebasket and made some burgers. I’ve seen a couple other recipes on different websites, same ratios. And I never have been sold on brining anyway. But this was off the scale.", "Jim, the only ways I can think of that this would be inedibly salty are if you didn’t use the right amount for the type of salt (for example, if you use fine or table salt, but use the amount recommended for kosher salt the brine would be way too strong – table salt, by volume, is twice as salty as kosher salt), or if you left something in the brine for longer than recommended (although my guess is that would make for a worse texture more than a markedly bad taste, but maybe it’d have a big effect on taste too).", "A third possibility is that after brining, you don’t want to use as much salt in a recipe as the recipe calls for. For example, if I brined a pork tenderloin, and then made a recipe with it that called for 2 teaspoons of salt, I probably would only use 1/2 or 1 teaspoon. So if you used a Cajun seasoning on the brined chicken, and that seasoning had salt, it could make the chicken too salty.", "Let us know if any of those could have been a problem and maybe it will help others as well!", "Yes Terry, you can marinate after brining. But the easier thing to do is to add flavor ingredients to your brine. These will also transfer to your meat as though it has been marinated. Enjoy!", "Make some salt water and add green or blue food coloring. Then make some sugar water and add green or blue food coloring.", "Put 2 chicken breasts in two bowls and add the salt and sugar mixtures. Cover and place in the fridge overnight.", "In the morning remove the two chicken breasts and cut them open on a cutting board. You’ll see that the salt water solution has penetrated throughout the meat while the sugar water hasn’t even broken the surface.", "This is a great idea, especially when brining something large like a turkey. Just use lots of ice or ice packs and keep it at 40F. Great idea! Thanks, Frank!", "There are instructions on how to brine a turkey (in a big cooler with lots of ice) over here https://cookthestory.com/how-to-roast-turkey-perfectly/ . Good luck!", "Hi! I’m Christine. My passion is creating recipes that take less time in the kitchen, so that we can all spend more time enjoying life! I’m a busy single mom of two, so I totally get how tough it can be. That’s why I’ve been figuring things out for my own family, and that’s why I want to share this knowledge with others. I now help over 2 million people a month get delicious meals onto their tables. Come along with me and see how much easier it can be!", "Creating recipes that take less time in the kitchen, so you can spend more time enjoying life. Come see how much easier it all can be!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Brine - COOKtheSTORY\n\nCook the Story\n\nHomemade Recipes for Real Life\n\nHome\n\n> Chicken\n\n> How to Brine\n\n# How to Brine\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links.\n\nShare\n\nPin4K\n\n4K Shares\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nSoaking lean meats in a salt water solution is so easy and it makes such a\ndifference! Here’s how to brine.\n\nYou’ve probably heard of brining, and maybe you’ve even done it with your\nThanksgiving turkey. But brining is a great idea for all your favorite lean\nmeats, like chicken breasts and pork chops. Why? Because it helps make them\nboth juicier and more flavorful!\n\nLet’s take a closer look at this simple kitchen trick.\n\n## What Is Brining?\n\nIt’s simply soaking food in a salt water solution. Sometimes for extra flavor,\nyou might add other ingredients, like sugar, herbs, or spices. But all you\nreally need for a brine is salt and water.\n\n## How Does A Brine Work?\n\nOne, the meats that you’re soaking absorb the brine, making them more moist\nand juicy. All meat loses liquid during cooking, but since brined meats start\nout with more, they end up with more, too.\n\nAnd two, brining dissolves some of the meat’s muscle fibers. The technical\nterm for this is denaturing. But don’t worry about that. The important thing\nis it literally turns some of the solids into liquid, enhancing your\nexperience of moisture.\n\n## Two Benefits Of Brining\n\nThe additional moisture makes your meat juicier. The fact that the moisture is\nsalty makes it more flavorful. Win and win!\n\n## What Meats Should You Brine?\n\nBecause the benefits are juiciness and flavor, the best meats for brining are\nlean meats, because with less fat they tend to dry out and also to have less\nflavor. Enter the Thanksgiving turkey.\n\nBut also—pork chops, pork loin, and pork tenderloin. Chicken breasts or whole\nchickens. And some people even brine shrimp!\n\nOn the flip side, beef and lamb are not good candidates for brining because\nthey’re fattier and they can be enjoyed rarer than chicken or pork. Both those\nthings mean they cook up juicier and more flavorful by default.\n\n## How To Brine\n\nSee my recipe below for a basic brine solution. It’ll make enough for 4 pork\nchops, 4 chicken breasts or 2 pork tenderloins. If you’re making something\nbigger, just double, triple, or quadruple the recipe! The recipe also tells\nyou how long to brine the different cuts.\n\nNote that the amount of salt in the recipe depends on what kind you’re\nusing—Diamond Crystal kosher salt, Morton’s kosher salt versus any kind of\nfinely ground salt like table salt. Personally, I like kosher salt because it\ndissolves easily, but any kind will work.\n\nAs for additional ingredients, I’ve found that sugar can make a nice\ndifference, but adding herbs and spices makes a very mild difference at best.\nExperiment and see what works for you.\n\nHappy brining!\n\nChristine :)\n\nPrint\n\n## How to Brine\n\n★★★★★\n\n5 from 1 reviews\n\n * Author: Christine Pittman\n * Prep Time: 4-24 hours\n * Cook Time: 0 minutes\n * Total Time: 8 minute\n * Category: Entrée\n * Method: Marinate\n * Cuisine: American\n\nPrint Recipe\n\nPin Recipe\n\n### DESCRIPTION\n\nSoaking lean meats in a salt water solution is so easy and it makes such a\ndifference! Here’s how to brine.\n\n### Ingredients\n\nScale\n\n * 4 cups cold water\n * 6 Tbsp. Diamond Crystal kosher salt, 4 1/2 Tbsp.Morton’s kosher salt or 3 Tbsp. fine or table salt\n * 2 Tbsp. brown or white sugar (optional)\n * Lean meat for brining\n * Optional ingredients: peppercorns, juniper berries, rosemary, thyme and/or sage sprigs, bay leaves, allspice berries, whole cloves, star anise, other favorite herbs and spices\n\n### Instructions\n\n 1. In a large nonreactive container, combine the water, salt and sugar (if using), stirring to dissolve the salt and sugar.\n 2. Transfer to a resealable bag, add the meat and any optional ingredients and seal the bag, squeezing out as much air as possible.\n 3. Set aside in the refrigerator for 4- 6 hours for chicken breasts, 1-inch thick pork chops or pork tenderloins, 8-12 hours for a whole chicken or turkey breast, 12-24 hours for a whole turkey or pork loin.\n 4. Remove the meat from the brine, pat it dry, and proceed with your recipe.\n\n### Notes\n\nNote: This recipe makes enough brine for 4 pork chops, 4 chicken breasts or 2\npork tenderloins. Double, triple, or quadruple the recipe for bigger cuts or\nlarger batches.\n\n### Did you make this recipe?\n\nTag @cookthestory on Instagram and hashtag it #cookthestory\n\n###### This post originally appeared in May 2018 and was revised and\nrepublished in October 2020.\n\nSee COOK the STORY's nutrition and recipe disclaimers.\n\n### More Recipes Like This:\n\n## How to Roast Pork Perfectly\n\nget the recipe\n\n## How to Cook Pork Tenderloin\n\nget the recipe\n\n## Pan-Fried Chicken Breasts\n\nget the recipe\n\n## Instant Pot Pork Chops\n\nget the recipe\n\n#### About Christine\n\nHi! I’m Christine. My passion is creating recipes that take less time in the\nkitchen, so that we can all spend more time enjoying life! I’m a busy single\nmom of two, so I totally get how tough it can be. That’s why I’ve been\nfiguring things out for my own family, and that’s why I want to share this\nknowledge with others. I now help over 2 million people a month get delicious\nmeals onto their tables. Come along with me and see how much easier it can be!\n\nAbout\n\nCookbook\n\nPodcast\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### 33 Responses to How to Brine\n\n 1. Katherine Robinson says\n\nSeptember 11, 2021 at 12:28 pm\n\nCan you brine beef roasts? What exactly does adding the sugar do for the\nbrine? My son bought a roast that has hardly any fat on it and I know it will\nbe tough.\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nSeptember 15, 2021 at 2:35 pm\n\nKatherine, it is not typically recommended that you brine beef roasts. That\nhas to do with the typical cooking temperatures and the fact that the kind of\nbeef cuts that you dry roast are tender enough. However, you could try it.\nCertainly, the roast beef that you buy at the deli counter is brined. Having\nsaid that, I have had wonderful success dry-brining beef (steaks and roasts).\nWe have instructions for how to do that over here –\nhttps://cookthestory.com/how-to-dry-brine/\n\nReply\n\n 2. Robert Roberts says\n\nMarch 31, 2021 at 11:08 pm\n\nThis worked AMAZINGLY WELL!!!! I defrosted half a ham and wanted to brine it\nbefore smoking. All I could find was “wet curing recipes” and then I found\nthis page. I bribed my ham for a little over 24 hours and read thoroughly\nthrough the recipe, and I worked wonderfully. I had also defrosted some pork\nchops and I poured the ham brine into a bowl and brined the pork chops in that\nsame brine for 8 hours and bbq’ed them on a coal grill, and I am not\nexaggerating BEST PORK CHOPS I have ever had. We have a freezer full of County\nFair pork chops and they have been relegated to crock pot pulled pork because\nI don’t like pork chops. They are always dry, but this brine has salvaged pork\nchops for me. I now actually look forward to bbq’ing more chops! Thank you so\nmuch. I read the other reviews on here, the naysayers, and I believe that’s\nfrom not watching how much of what kind of salt one uses. I didn’t have enough\nkosher salt so I ended up liking 2 tbsp of kosher with table salt at the\nrecommended portion accounting for what I had added, and rinsed immediately\nafter removing from the brine, and everything, ham, pork chops, everything was\namazing!\n\n★★★★★\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nApril 2, 2021 at 11:05 am\n\nThank you so much for sharing your experience with us, Robert! Sounds\ndelicious.\n\nReply\n\n 3. kenneth enderle says\n\nDecember 31, 2020 at 4:54 pm\n\ngreat info i brine with mortin salt only difference i use half the water and\nouther half sweet wine ,little sage great try it thanks for info\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nJanuary 4, 2021 at 10:52 am\n\nYou’re welcome, Kenneth!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Brandon says\n\nJune 16, 2020 at 10:05 am\n\nDo you pound out chicken breast before or after the brine?\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nJune 26, 2020 at 10:40 am\n\nBrandon, you can do it either way. If you pound it first, it will need less\ntime in the brine. Leaving it for the full time won’t hurt it though. I have\nnever tried pounding them after but I think it will be easier before just\nbecause everything is less wet and less full of juice.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Chuck says\n\nJune 12, 2020 at 12:31 pm\n\nI’ve been brining for a while. For chicken breasts or pork chops 1 to 2 hours\nis best. Rinse after brining. Forget about adding spices, as they are oil\nsoluble and adding them to water gets you nothing! Also, look up dry brining,\nespecially for chicken. Works great!\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nJune 15, 2020 at 5:00 pm\n\nThanks for your feedback, Chuck! We’ll actually have a post on dry brining\ncoming up next month. Yum!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Diar says\n\nApril 14, 2020 at 4:14 am\n\nCan you grill 2 hours after bringin?\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nApril 14, 2020 at 10:55 am\n\nWhat kind of meat are you preparing? The length of time for the brine we\nsuggest are 4- 6 hours for chicken breasts, 1-inch thick pork chops or pork\ntenderloins, 8-12 hours for a whole chicken or turkey breast, 12-24 hours for\na whole turkey or pork loin.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Violet Town says\n\nMarch 25, 2020 at 3:23 am\n\nGreat now we can make our own brine and we don’t have to buy premade brine\nanymore, Also this brine has enhanced flavours as well thank you very much for\nwriting this.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Jeremiah says\n\nJanuary 5, 2020 at 3:45 pm\n\nI would like to add to my previous comment: The brine recipe specifies Diamond\nCrystal Kosher Salt. Coincidentally, I had watched the “Salt, Fat, Acid, Heat”\nseries on Netflix that very day. In the episode on Salt, Samin Nosrat talk\nspecifically about the difference between Diamond Crystal Kosher Salt and\nMorton Kosher Salt in one scene. She says that Morton brand is twice as salty\nas D.C. per volume due to different crystal structure (or some reason like\nthat). Guess which brand of kosher salt I used; Morton Kosher Salt. So, I\nreally don’t have an excuse, I was explicitly warned of this exact issue by a\nprofessional chef. So, could you possibly amend your brine recipe to include\nmeasurements by weight? Perhaps that might help prevent others from making the\nsame blunder.\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nJanuary 6, 2020 at 11:13 am\n\nYes, the type of salt does matter! We specify 6 Tbsp. Diamond Crystal kosher\nsalt, 4 1/2 Tbsp. Morton’s kosher salt or 3 Tbsp. fine or table salt. Did you\nuse 6 Tbsp or 4 1/2 Tbsp of Mortons? Thanks for info and reference, Jeremiah!\n\nReply\n\n 9. Jeremiah says\n\nJanuary 4, 2020 at 8:37 pm\n\nI wish I had read the comments, I tried this with chicken breasts and they\nturned out inedible, way too salty, and they were huge chicken breasts. Cut\nthe salt and or time by half.\n\nReply\n\n 10. Mimi says\n\nDecember 19, 2019 at 10:40 am\n\nI would like to try and brine a pork loin roast that I plan to spiral cut. Do\nI cut it first and then brine it? Or should I brine it whole? If the former,\nare there any adjustments to the recipe above that I should make? Lastly, I am\nglad to have found your website; I find your explanations very simple and easy\nto follow – thank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nJanuary 15, 2020 at 3:12 pm\n\nYou can brine it before or after cutting it, Mimi. It will need less time in\nthe brine if you cut it first. No, you don’t have to make any adjustments to\nthe brining recipe. However, for whatever pork recipe you’re following, you\nwon’t want to add any salt. Thank you for the kind compliment. I’m so happy\nyou found my site! I do a lot of little videos and explanations on facebook\nthat don’t end up here. If you’re interested in those, you can follow me here\n– https://www.facebook.com/CookTheStory/\n\nReply\n\n 11. Shannon Jo Bisbey says\n\nNovember 1, 2019 at 8:08 pm\n\nHi. I haven’t tried this yet, but intend on it. With the chicken breasts\ncoming out too salty, does the size of the chicken breast matter? I’m just\nthinking if the chicken breast cut is small, this might affect the saltiness.\nCurious to know your thoughts. Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nNovember 12, 2019 at 2:59 pm\n\nNo, don’t cut down on the salt, Shannon. You need the same proportion for the\nbrining to happen. You can, however, cut down on the amount of time that the\nmeat stays in the brine! Also, try rinsing the chicken after it’s been in the\nbrine. Finally, don’t add salt while cooking.\n\nReply\n\n 12. jim says\n\nSeptember 14, 2019 at 6:45 pm\n\nI brined two chicken breasts using your proportions. WAY too much salt. I\nrinsed the salt off, patted them dry, cajun- spiced them, grilled them\nperfectly and after about three or four bites of several different pieces, I\nthrew them in the wastebasket and made some burgers. I’ve seen a couple other\nrecipes on different websites, same ratios. And I never have been sold on\nbrining anyway. But this was off the scale.\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nSeptember 18, 2019 at 12:24 pm\n\nJim, the only ways I can think of that this would be inedibly salty are if you\ndidn’t use the right amount for the type of salt (for example, if you use fine\nor table salt, but use the amount recommended for kosher salt the brine would\nbe way too strong – table salt, by volume, is twice as salty as kosher salt),\nor if you left something in the brine for longer than recommended (although my\nguess is that would make for a worse texture more than a markedly bad taste,\nbut maybe it’d have a big effect on taste too).\n\nA third possibility is that after brining, you don’t want to use as much salt\nin a recipe as the recipe calls for. For example, if I brined a pork\ntenderloin, and then made a recipe with it that called for 2 teaspoons of\nsalt, I probably would only use 1/2 or 1 teaspoon. So if you used a Cajun\nseasoning on the brined chicken, and that seasoning had salt, it could make\nthe chicken too salty.\n\nLet us know if any of those could have been a problem and maybe it will help\nothers as well!\n\nReply\n\n 13. Terry says\n\nJuly 8, 2019 at 10:58 am\n\nCan u marinate for an hour after brining time is done to add flavor?\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nAugust 27, 2019 at 6:06 pm\n\nYes Terry, you can marinate after brining. But the easier thing to do is to\nadd flavor ingredients to your brine. These will also transfer to your meat as\nthough it has been marinated. Enjoy!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Marilyn says\n\nJune 21, 2019 at 9:21 am\n\nWhen using juniper berries, do you crush them or use them in the brine whole?\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nAugust 22, 2019 at 4:15 pm\n\nThanks for your question, Marilyn! You’ll want to gently crush the juniper\nberries for the brine.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Timothy says\n\nMay 27, 2019 at 3:34 pm\n\nYou shouldn’t use sugar in a brine.\n\nA sugar molecule is 36 atoms wide a salt molecule is 2 atoms wide.\n\nThe sugar is much to large to absorb into the meat.\n\nHere is an experiment you can do:\n\nMake some salt water and add green or blue food coloring. Then make some sugar\nwater and add green or blue food coloring.\n\nPut 2 chicken breasts in two bowls and add the salt and sugar mixtures. Cover\nand place in the fridge overnight.\n\nIn the morning remove the two chicken breasts and cut them open on a cutting\nboard. You’ll see that the salt water solution has penetrated throughout the\nmeat while the sugar water hasn’t even broken the surface.\n\nReply\n\n 16. James silva says\n\nMarch 27, 2019 at 8:25 am\n\nAfter doing the brining process. Do I still need to wash the meat? Would it be\nhave salty taste?\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nMarch 31, 2019 at 10:51 am\n\nYes, rinse after brining and then pat dry. Don’t salt the meat after that.\nGood luck, James!\n\nReply\n\n 17. Frank says\n\nNovember 21, 2018 at 2:25 am\n\nI use a clean cooler.\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nNovember 21, 2018 at 8:49 am\n\nThis is a great idea, especially when brining something large like a turkey.\nJust use lots of ice or ice packs and keep it at 40F. Great idea! Thanks,\nFrank!\n\nReply\n\n 18. Lisa says\n\nNovember 19, 2018 at 9:43 pm\n\nWhere do I get a ziplock big enough for a 12 lb turkey??\n\nReply\n\n * Christine Pittman says\n\nNovember 20, 2018 at 2:40 pm\n\nThere are instructions on how to brine a turkey (in a big cooler with lots of\nice) over here https://cookthestory.com/how-to-roast-turkey-perfectly/ . Good\nluck!\n\nReply\n\n#### About Christine\n\nHi! I’m Christine. My passion is creating recipes that take less time in the\nkitchen, so that we can all spend more time enjoying life! I’m a busy single\nmom of two, so I totally get how tough it can be. That’s why I’ve been\nfiguring things out for my own family, and that’s why I want to share this\nknowledge with others. I now help over 2 million people a month get delicious\nmeals onto their tables. Come along with me and see how much easier it can be!\n\nmore about christine\n\n5 secrets to the Juiciest grilled meats!\n\n#### Our Podcast...\n\n#### Listen here!\n\n#### As Seen On\n\n## AboutCOOKtheSTORY\n\nCreating recipes that take less time in the kitchen, so you can spend more\ntime enjoying life. Come see how much easier it all can be!\n\nNever Miss a Recipe\n\nDisclaimers\n\n© 2021 Cook the Story\n\nDesigned by Grace + Vine Studios\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/washing-food-does-it-promote-food-safety/washing-food", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210212102044/https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/washing-food-does-it-promote-food-safety/washing-food", "parsed_text": { "title": "Washing Food: Does it Promote Food Safety?", "passages": [ "Historically, people equate washing to cleanliness. We wash clothes, linens, cars, dishes and ourselves. So, it is logical that many people believe meat and poultry can be made cleaner and safer by washing it. Is this true? Does washing meat, poultry, eggs, fruits and vegetables make them safer to eat?", "One common mistake that consumers make in the kitchen is washing or rinsing their meat or poultry before cooking it. Washing meat or poultry can mean different things to different people: some consumers rinse it under running water or with a strainer, others soak it in containers full of water and some even use saltwater, vinegar or lemon juice to try to “clean” their meat. However, washing raw poultry, beef, pork, lamb or veal before cooking it is not recommended. Bacteria in raw meat and poultry juices can be spread to other foods, utensils and surfaces. We call this cross-contamination.", "While washing meat and poultry to remove dirt, slime, fat or blood may have been appropriate decades ago when many slaughtered and prepared their own food, the modern food safety system doesn’t require it. Meat and poultry are cleaned during processing, so further washing is not necessary. Never use soaps or detergents on your meat or poultry products. They can contaminate your food with chemicals and make it unsafe to eat.", "Some consumers may wash or rinse their raw meat or poultry because it’s a habit or because a family member they trust has always washed their meat. Just as many people did not wear seatbelts decades ago, we now know from research that wearing seatbelts makes one safer and have changed our habits as a result. Recent USDA research has found that washing or rinsing meat or poultry increases the risk for cross-contamination in the kitchen, which can cause foodborne illness. It’s time to leave this habit in the past and make washing meat and poultry as outdated as not wearing a seatbelt.", "If you wash meat or poultry, some bacteria can be splashed on the surfaces of your kitchen. Failure to clean these contaminated areas can lead to foodborne illness. Cooking to the right temperature (whether frying, baking, broiling, boiling or grilling) kills germs on meat and poultry, so washing these products is risky and not necessary.", "Using a food thermometer is the only sure way of knowing if your food has reached a high enough temperature to destroy germs, including foodborne illness-causing bacteria.", "Cook all raw beef, pork, lamb and veal (steaks, roasts and chops) to a minimum internal temperature of 145°F. For safety and quality, allow meat to rest for at least three minutes before carving or consuming.", "Ground meats are safe to eat at 160°F. For burgers, insert the food thermometer in the side of patties until it reaches the center for an accurate reading.", "USDA conducted a study where we observed the actions of individuals who self- reported washing or rinsing raw poultry when cooking at home. These participants gave many reasons for why they wash or rinse poultry, including to remove slime, skin, fat or blood (30 percent); out of habit (28 percent); because a family member has always done it (19 percent); or to remove germs or bacteria (19 percent).", "Participants were observed while cooking chicken thighs (spiked with harmless tracer bacteria that behave like Salmonella) and preparing a mixed green salad to determine whether they washed their poultry, the extent of cross- contamination throughout the kitchen and whether they adhered to other food safety behaviors throughout meal preparation.", "The results of the observational study showed how easily bacteria can be spread when surfaces are not effectively cleaned and sanitized. The USDA recommends three easy ways to help prevent illness when preparing meat or poultry in your home.", "Significantly decrease your risk by preparing foods that will not be cooked, such as vegetables and salads, BEFORE handling and preparing raw meat and poultry.", "In the observational study, 60 percent of the participants who washed their raw poultry had bacteria in their sink after washing or rinsing the poultry. Even more concerning is that 14 percent still had bacteria in their sinks even after they attempted to clean or sanitize the sink.", "If you wash your produce after washing meat or poultry, you risk splashing foodborne illness-causing germs onto your ready-to-eat foods. Researchers found that 26 percent of participants that washed raw poultry transferred bacteria from that raw poultry to their lettuce. If this were at home, they would have put that contaminated food directly into their mouths.", "Thoroughly clean and then sanitize ANY surface that has potentially touched or been contaminated by raw meat and poultry or their juices, including the inner sink.", "Of the participants that did not wash raw poultry, 31 percent still managed to get bacteria from the raw poultry onto their lettuce. This high rate of cross- contamination was likely due to participants not effectively washing their hands during food preparation and from contaminating the sink or utensils when handling the raw poultry.", "To prevent this cross-contamination, clean sinks and countertops with hot soapy water and then apply a commercial or homemade sanitizer or disinfectant whenever they come in contact with any raw meat or poultry or their juices. Focus on the inner sink, any countertops surrounding the sink, knives and cutting boards and any place you set your meat or poultry or its packaging. Make sure commercial products are approved for food contact surfaces and follow the manufacturer’s instructions for use; some may require rinsing your surfaces after use. Wash hands immediately after handling raw meat and poultry. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend you wet your hands with water, lather with soap and then scrub your hands for 20 seconds.", "Destroy any illness-causing bacteria by cooking meat and poultry to a safe internal temperature as measured by a food thermometer.", "Washing, rinsing or brining meat and poultry in saltwater, vinegar or lemon juice does not destroy germs. If you choose to remove skin, fat or blood from raw meat or poultry, you can do so on a clean cutting board, using a knife to cut away any flaws or patting the raw item with a paper towel and throwing it away when done. Immediately wash and then sanitize your cutting board and any knives or utensils and wash your hands thoroughly.", "The only way to make sure your food is safe to eat is by cooking it to a safe internal temperature and checking it with a food thermometer.", "Callers to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline sometimes ask about soaking meat or poultry in saltwater or about using a brine solution. This is a personal preference and serves no purpose for food safety. If you choose to do this, however, preventing cross-contamination when soaking and removing the meat or poultry from the liquid is essential. Carefully pour out the soak and do not reuse it. Wash the container you used for the soak or sanitize it in the dishwasher. Clean and then sanitize your inner sink and any surfaces that touch the used soak. Meat or poultry should be kept in the refrigerator while soaking.", "Sometimes consumers rinse or soak country ham, bacon or salt pork because they think it reduces the sodium or salt enough to allow these products to be eaten on a sodium-restricted diet. However, very little salt is removed by washing, rinsing or soaking a meat product and doing so is not recommended.", "Hand washing after handling raw meat or poultry or its packaging is a necessity because anything you touch afterwards could become contaminated. In other words, you could become ill by picking up a piece of fruit and eating it after handling raw meat or poultry without properly washing your hands.", "Wash hands with warm water and soap for 20 seconds before and after handling food; before eating; and after using the bathroom, changing diapers, tending to a sick person, blowing your nose, sneezing, coughing and handling pets. You should also wash your hands after touching surfaces that are frequently used, like doorknobs and handles, light switches, phones and keyboards.", "In recent USDA observational studies, participants did not attempt to wash their hands up to 75 percent of the time when it was required. When handwashing was attempted, participants failed to follow the CDC recommended steps for handwashing up to 99 percent of the time. The most common errors were not scrubbing their hands for 20 seconds, followed by not wetting their hands with water before applying soap.", "Packaging materials from raw meat or poultry also can cause cross- contamination. Never reuse them with other food items. These and other disposable packaging materials, such as foam meat trays, egg cartons or plastic wraps, should be discarded immediately after you have removed their contents.", "It is important to prevent cross-contamination from raw meat or poultry juices and other contaminants by washing countertops and sinks with hot, soapy water. For extra protection, you should also sanitize utensils and disinfect surfaces with solutions that can eliminate illness-causing germs. If using commercial sanitizers or disinfectants in your kitchen, choose ones that are approved for your kitchen surfaces and follow the manufacturer’s instructions to use each product safely and effectively.", "Cleaning physically removes dirt, debris and some bacteria that can cause illness, including foodborne illness, from your kitchen, but it does not kill germs. To clean your utensils, cuttings boards, surfaces and even the kitchen sink, use warm, soapy water to wash them. Air dry or wipe clean with single- use or paper towels. If you use kitchen towels for cleaning, they should be washed frequently using the hot cycle of the washing machine.", "Foodborne illness-causing bacteria can remain on surfaces for a very long time. Campylobacter can survive in your kitchen for up to 4 hours and Salmonella can last for up to 32 hours. Norovirus, often called the stomach flu or a stomach bug, is the most common foodborne illness-causing germ in the United States. Norovirus is a very contagious virus that causes vomiting and diarrhea. It can spread easily if you eat or drink contaminated food or touch contaminated surfaces or objects then put your unwashed hands in your mouth.", "Sanitizing and disinfecting can kill germs and foodborne illness-causing bacteria in your kitchen, but this is most effective after you have cleaned. Many different sanitizers or disinfectants can be used, but make sure any commercial products you choose are safe for the food contact surfaces in your kitchen before you use them.", "Only use sanitizing products that are intended for use on cutting boards or utensils that touch food. An easy, food-safe homemade sanitizer for cutting boards, knives and other utensils that directly touch food can be made by mixing a solution of one tablespoon of unscented liquid chlorine bleach with a gallon of water. To sanitize utensils and cutting boards after cleaning, pour sanitizing solution on the cutting boards and let it stand for several minutes or use it as a soak for your utensils. Next, rinse them with clean water and air dry or pat them dry with clean towels.", "If using commercial sanitizers, make sure they are approved for use on cutting boards or utensils before using for this purpose. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions on the label for safe use. Some commercial sanitizers may require utensils to be rinsed after use.", "Your dishwasher can also effectively clean and sanitize your utensils and cutting boards if they are dishwasher safe and are made of materials that are non-porous (e.g., acrylic, plastic, glass and some solid wood boards without cracks or scratches).", "Disinfecting products, unlike some commercial sanitizers, should not be used on cutting boards or utensils that touch food because they could contaminate the food you prepare. However, disinfectants are safe to use on surfaces and high touch areas in order to destroy bacteria.", "According to the CDC, a homemade disinfectant for surfaces can be made by mixing a solution of five tablespoons (one-third cup) of unscented liquid chlorine bleach to one gallon of water or four teaspoons of bleach per quart of water. You should use gloves to protect your hands before using disinfectant solutions. Pour or spray your homemade disinfectant on sinks, countertops and other surfaces, then let it sit for at least one minute before wiping your surfaces clean with a paper towel. Be sure they are completely dry before using those surfaces or your sink again.", "If using commercial disinfectants, make sure they are approved for use on your surfaces and completely follow the manufacturer’s instructions on the label. Some commercial disinfectants may require your surfaces to be rinsed with clean water after use.", "After cleaning and then sanitizing or disinfecting anything in your home, make sure to wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds.", "Callers to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline may ask about washing other foods that are not regulated by the USDA. Our food safety experts recommend the following guidelines to safely handle eggs and produce in the home.", "Do not wash eggs from the grocery store before putting them in the refrigerator. Washing is a routine part of commercial egg processing and the eggs do not need to be washed again. \"Bloom,\" the natural coating on just-laid eggs that helps prevent bacteria from permeating the shell, is removed by the commercial washing process. It is replaced by a light coating of edible mineral oil, which restores protection for long-term home storage of eggs. Extra handling of the eggs in your home, such as washing them, could increase the risk of cross-contamination, especially if the shell becomes cracked.", "Before eating or preparing fresh fruits and vegetables, wash the produce under running tap water to remove any lingering dirt. This reduces any germs that may be present. If the fruits or vegetables have a firm surface, such as apples or potatoes, they can be scrubbed with a brush. Consumers should not wash fruits and vegetables with detergent, soap or commercial produce washes. These products are not approved or labeled by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use on foods. You could ingest residues from soap or detergent absorbed on the produce and get sick.", "Make sure your inner sink, countertops and utensils are cleaned and sanitized before you rinse your produce to avoid cross-contamination, especially from surfaces that have touched raw meat, poultry or seafood or their juices. When preparing fruits and vegetables, cut away any damaged or bruised areas because bacteria that can cause illness can thrive in those places. Immediately refrigerate any cut items such as salad or cut fruit for best quality and food safety.", "At the store, you may find produce, like bagged salads or some cut and packaged fruits or vegetables, that is labeled as “pre-washed” or “ready-to- eat.” If you see this label, then you can safely use the produce without further washing. If you choose to wash produce marked as “pre-washed” or “ready-to-eat,” be sure that it does not come in contact with unclean surfaces or utensils, especially those that have touched raw meat, poultry or seafood or their juices. This will help to avoid cross-contamination.", "Many stores will have disinfecting wipes you can use to wipe down any carts or baskets you may touch during your shopping trip. This does not replace safe handling of food and food packaging while you’re in the store. Keep your raw meat, poultry and seafood products separate from any produce or ready-to-eat foods. You should use bags to keep these products separate. Wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds after going to the grocery store. Avoid touching your face, mouth or nose while grocery shopping.", "If you use reusable bags while grocery shopping, be sure to wash them after each use with hot water and soap to prevent the spread of any germs. Clean and disinfect any surfaces and countertops where you put your groceries after handling and storing them.", "FSIS Home | USDA.gov | FoodSafety.gov | USA.gov | WhiteHouse.gov | Site Map | Policies & Links | Significant Guidance | FOIA | Accessibility Statement | Privacy Policy | Non-Discrimination Statement | Civil Rights | No FEAR | Information Quality" ] }, "parsed_md": "Washing Food: Does it Promote Food Safety?\n\nSkip Navigation\n\n{}\n\nUSDA Food Safety and Inspection Service\n\nTopics\n\nCareers\n\nData Collection and Reports\n\nFact Sheets\n\nFood Defense and Emergency Response\n\nFood Safety Education\n\nFSIS Employees\n\nInspection\n\nInternational Affairs\n\nRecalls and Public Health Alerts\n\nRegulations, Directives & Notices\n\nRegulatory Compliance\n\nRulemaking\n\nScience\n\nPrograms & Services\n\nCompliance Assistance\n\nContact Centers\n\nCooperative Agreements\n\nEmail Subscription Service\n\nExporting Products\n\nFederal Grant of Inspection Guide\n\nImporting Products\n\nInside FSIS, for Employees\n\nLabel Submission and Approval System\n\nPublic Health Information System (PHIS)\n\nU.S. Codex Office\n\nNewsroom\n\nNews Releases, Statements, Transcripts\n\nMeetings\n\nNewsletters\n\nFeeds and Subscriptions\n\nSpeeches and Presentations\n\nCommunications to Congress\n\nForms\n\nFSIS Forms\n\nAdministrative Forms\n\nStandard Forms\n\n# FSIS\n\n#\n\nUnited States Department of Agriculture\n\nFood Safety and Inspection Service\n\n * About FSIS\n * District Offices\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Ask USDA\n * askFSIS\n * En Español\n\n * Site Map\n * A-Z Index\n * Help\n\n * Topics\n\nCareers\n\nData Collection and Reports\n\nFact Sheets\n\nFood Defense and Emergency Response\n\nFood Safety Education\n\nFSIS Employees\n\nInspection\n\nInternational Affairs\n\nRecalls and Public Health Alerts\n\nRegulations, Directives & Notices\n\nRegulatory Compliance\n\nRulemaking\n\nScience\n\n * Programs & Services\n\nCompliance Assistance\n\nContact Centers\n\nCooperative Agreements\n\nEmail Subscription Service\n\nExporting Products\n\nFederal Grant of Inspection Guide\n\nImporting Products\n\nInside FSIS, for Employees\n\nLabel Submission and Approval System\n\nPublic Health Information System (PHIS)\n\nU.S. Codex Office\n\n * Newsroom\n\nNews Releases, Statements, Transcripts\n\nMeetings\n\nNewsletters\n\nFeeds and Subscriptions\n\nSpeeches and Presentations\n\nCommunications to Congress\n\n * Forms\n\nFSIS Forms\n\nAdministrative Forms\n\nStandard Forms\n\nSkip Navigation\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B10H1\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\n/ Topics / Food Safety Education / Get Answers / Food Safety Fact Sheets /\nSafe Food Handling / Washing Food: Does it promote food safety / Washing Food:\nDoes it Promote Food Safety?\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B10H3\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B1090\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\n * Topics\n * Careers\n * Fact Sheets\n * Food Safety Education\n * Data Collection and Reports\n * Food Defense and Emergency Response\n * Inspection\n * International Affairs\n * Recalls and Public Health Alerts\n * Regulatory Compliance\n * Regulations, Directives and Notices\n * Rulemaking\n * Science\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B1092\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\nZ7_0Q0619C0JGR010IFST1G5B1091\n\n## Web Content Viewer (JSR 286)\n\nActions\n\n * ${title}\n\nLoading...\n\n### Washing Food: Does it Promote Food Safety?\n\nHistorically, people equate washing to cleanliness. We wash clothes, linens,\ncars, dishes and ourselves. So, it is logical that many people believe meat\nand poultry can be made cleaner and safer by washing it. Is this true? Does\nwashing meat, poultry, eggs, fruits and vegetables make them safer to eat?\n\n#### Washing Meat and Poultry\n\nOne common mistake that consumers make in the kitchen is washing or rinsing\ntheir meat or poultry before cooking it. Washing meat or poultry can mean\ndifferent things to different people: some consumers rinse it under running\nwater or with a strainer, others soak it in containers full of water and some\neven use saltwater, vinegar or lemon juice to try to “clean” their meat.\nHowever, washing raw poultry, beef, pork, lamb or veal before cooking it is\nnot recommended. Bacteria in raw meat and poultry juices can be spread to\nother foods, utensils and surfaces. We call this cross-contamination.\n\nWhile washing meat and poultry to remove dirt, slime, fat or blood may have\nbeen appropriate decades ago when many slaughtered and prepared their own\nfood, the modern food safety system doesn’t require it. Meat and poultry are\ncleaned during processing, so further washing is not necessary. Never use\nsoaps or detergents on your meat or poultry products. They can contaminate\nyour food with chemicals and make it unsafe to eat.\n\nSome consumers may wash or rinse their raw meat or poultry because it’s a\nhabit or because a family member they trust has always washed their meat. Just\nas many people did not wear seatbelts decades ago, we now know from research\nthat wearing seatbelts makes one safer and have changed our habits as a\nresult. Recent USDA research has found that washing or rinsing meat or poultry\nincreases the risk for cross-contamination in the kitchen, which can cause\nfoodborne illness. It’s time to leave this habit in the past and make washing\nmeat and poultry as outdated as not wearing a seatbelt.\n\nIf you wash meat or poultry, some bacteria can be splashed on the surfaces of\nyour kitchen. Failure to clean these contaminated areas can lead to foodborne\nillness. Cooking to the right temperature (whether frying, baking, broiling,\nboiling or grilling) kills germs on meat and poultry, so washing these\nproducts is risky and not necessary.\n\nUsing a food thermometer is the only sure way of knowing if your food has\nreached a high enough temperature to destroy germs, including foodborne\nillness-causing bacteria.\n\n * Cook all raw beef, pork, lamb and veal (steaks, roasts and chops) to a minimum internal temperature of 145°F. For safety and quality, allow meat to rest for at least three minutes before carving or consuming.\n * Ground meats are safe to eat at 160°F. For burgers, insert the food thermometer in the side of patties until it reaches the center for an accurate reading.\n * Poultry products, including whole, parts or ground chicken or turkey, are safe to eat at 165°F.\n * Cook fish and seafood to 145°F or until the flesh is opaque and flaky.\n\nFor reasons of personal preference, consumers may choose to cook meat to\nhigher temperatures.\n\n##### USDA’s Poultry Washing Study\n\nUSDA conducted a study where we observed the actions of individuals who self-\nreported washing or rinsing raw poultry when cooking at home. These\nparticipants gave many reasons for why they wash or rinse poultry, including\nto remove slime, skin, fat or blood (30 percent); out of habit (28 percent);\nbecause a family member has always done it (19 percent); or to remove germs or\nbacteria (19 percent).\n\nParticipants were observed while cooking chicken thighs (spiked with harmless\ntracer bacteria that behave like Salmonella) and preparing a mixed green salad\nto determine whether they washed their poultry, the extent of cross-\ncontamination throughout the kitchen and whether they adhered to other food\nsafety behaviors throughout meal preparation.\n\nThe results of the observational study showed how easily bacteria can be\nspread when surfaces are not effectively cleaned and sanitized. The USDA\nrecommends three easy ways to help prevent illness when preparing meat or\npoultry in your home.\n\n 1. Significantly decrease your risk by preparing foods that will not be cooked, such as vegetables and salads, BEFORE handling and preparing raw meat and poultry.\n\nIn the observational study, 60 percent of the participants who washed their\nraw poultry had bacteria in their sink after washing or rinsing the poultry.\nEven more concerning is that 14 percent still had bacteria in their sinks even\nafter they attempted to clean or sanitize the sink.\n\nIf you wash your produce after washing meat or poultry, you risk splashing\nfoodborne illness-causing germs onto your ready-to-eat foods. Researchers\nfound that 26 percent of participants that washed raw poultry transferred\nbacteria from that raw poultry to their lettuce. If this were at home, they\nwould have put that contaminated food directly into their mouths.\n\n 2. Thoroughly clean and then sanitize ANY surface that has potentially touched or been contaminated by raw meat and poultry or their juices, including the inner sink.\n\nOf the participants that did not wash raw poultry, 31 percent still managed to\nget bacteria from the raw poultry onto their lettuce. This high rate of cross-\ncontamination was likely due to participants not effectively washing their\nhands during food preparation and from contaminating the sink or utensils when\nhandling the raw poultry.\n\nTo prevent this cross-contamination, clean sinks and countertops with hot\nsoapy water and then apply a commercial or homemade sanitizer or disinfectant\nwhenever they come in contact with any raw meat or poultry or their juices.\nFocus on the inner sink, any countertops surrounding the sink, knives and\ncutting boards and any place you set your meat or poultry or its packaging.\nMake sure commercial products are approved for food contact surfaces and\nfollow the manufacturer’s instructions for use; some may require rinsing your\nsurfaces after use. Wash hands immediately after handling raw meat and\npoultry. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend you\nwet your hands with water, lather with soap and then scrub your hands for 20\nseconds.\n\n 3. Destroy any illness-causing bacteria by cooking meat and poultry to a safe internal temperature as measured by a food thermometer.\n\nWashing, rinsing or brining meat and poultry in saltwater, vinegar or lemon\njuice does not destroy germs. If you choose to remove skin, fat or blood from\nraw meat or poultry, you can do so on a clean cutting board, using a knife to\ncut away any flaws or patting the raw item with a paper towel and throwing it\naway when done. Immediately wash and then sanitize your cutting board and any\nknives or utensils and wash your hands thoroughly.\n\nThe only way to make sure your food is safe to eat is by cooking it to a safe\ninternal temperature and checking it with a food thermometer.\n\n##### Soaking Meat and Poultry\n\nCallers to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline sometimes ask about soaking meat\nor poultry in saltwater or about using a brine solution. This is a personal\npreference and serves no purpose for food safety. If you choose to do this,\nhowever, preventing cross-contamination when soaking and removing the meat or\npoultry from the liquid is essential. Carefully pour out the soak and do not\nreuse it. Wash the container you used for the soak or sanitize it in the\ndishwasher. Clean and then sanitize your inner sink and any surfaces that\ntouch the used soak. Meat or poultry should be kept in the refrigerator while\nsoaking.\n\nSometimes consumers rinse or soak country ham, bacon or salt pork because they\nthink it reduces the sodium or salt enough to allow these products to be eaten\non a sodium-restricted diet. However, very little salt is removed by washing,\nrinsing or soaking a meat product and doing so is not recommended.\n\n#### Cross-Contamination\n\nHand washing after handling raw meat or poultry or its packaging is a\nnecessity because anything you touch afterwards could become contaminated. In\nother words, you could become ill by picking up a piece of fruit and eating it\nafter handling raw meat or poultry without properly washing your hands.\n\nWash hands with warm water and soap for 20 seconds before and after handling\nfood; before eating; and after using the bathroom, changing diapers, tending\nto a sick person, blowing your nose, sneezing, coughing and handling pets. You\nshould also wash your hands after touching surfaces that are frequently used,\nlike doorknobs and handles, light switches, phones and keyboards.\n\nIn recent USDA observational studies, participants did not attempt to wash\ntheir hands up to 75 percent of the time when it was required. When\nhandwashing was attempted, participants failed to follow the CDC recommended\nsteps for handwashing up to 99 percent of the time. The most common errors\nwere not scrubbing their hands for 20 seconds, followed by not wetting their\nhands with water before applying soap.\n\nPackaging materials from raw meat or poultry also can cause cross-\ncontamination. Never reuse them with other food items. These and other\ndisposable packaging materials, such as foam meat trays, egg cartons or\nplastic wraps, should be discarded immediately after you have removed their\ncontents.\n\n##### Clean and Then Sanitize Surfaces and Sinks\n\nIt is important to prevent cross-contamination from raw meat or poultry juices\nand other contaminants by washing countertops and sinks with hot, soapy water.\nFor extra protection, you should also sanitize utensils and disinfect surfaces\nwith solutions that can eliminate illness-causing germs. If using commercial\nsanitizers or disinfectants in your kitchen, choose ones that are approved for\nyour kitchen surfaces and follow the manufacturer’s instructions to use each\nproduct safely and effectively.\n\n 1. Clean FIRST.\n\nCleaning physically removes dirt, debris and some bacteria that can cause\nillness, including foodborne illness, from your kitchen, but it does not kill\ngerms. To clean your utensils, cuttings boards, surfaces and even the kitchen\nsink, use warm, soapy water to wash them. Air dry or wipe clean with single-\nuse or paper towels. If you use kitchen towels for cleaning, they should be\nwashed frequently using the hot cycle of the washing machine.\n\nFoodborne illness-causing bacteria can remain on surfaces for a very long\ntime. Campylobacter can survive in your kitchen for up to 4 hours and\nSalmonella can last for up to 32 hours. Norovirus, often called the stomach\nflu or a stomach bug, is the most common foodborne illness-causing germ in the\nUnited States. Norovirus is a very contagious virus that causes vomiting and\ndiarrhea. It can spread easily if you eat or drink contaminated food or touch\ncontaminated surfaces or objects then put your unwashed hands in your mouth.\n\n 2. THEN Sanitize\n\nSanitizing and disinfecting can kill germs and foodborne illness-causing\nbacteria in your kitchen, but this is most effective after you have cleaned.\nMany different sanitizers or disinfectants can be used, but make sure any\ncommercial products you choose are safe for the food contact surfaces in your\nkitchen before you use them.\n\n##### Use Sanitizers for Cutting Boards and Utensils\n\nOnly use sanitizing products that are intended for use on cutting boards or\nutensils that touch food. An easy, food-safe homemade sanitizer for cutting\nboards, knives and other utensils that directly touch food can be made by\nmixing a solution of one tablespoon of unscented liquid chlorine bleach with a\ngallon of water. To sanitize utensils and cutting boards after cleaning, pour\nsanitizing solution on the cutting boards and let it stand for several minutes\nor use it as a soak for your utensils. Next, rinse them with clean water and\nair dry or pat them dry with clean towels.\n\nIf using commercial sanitizers, make sure they are approved for use on cutting\nboards or utensils before using for this purpose. Follow the manufacturer’s\ninstructions on the label for safe use. Some commercial sanitizers may require\nutensils to be rinsed after use.\n\nYour dishwasher can also effectively clean and sanitize your utensils and\ncutting boards if they are dishwasher safe and are made of materials that are\nnon-porous (e.g., acrylic, plastic, glass and some solid wood boards without\ncracks or scratches).\n\n##### Use Disinfectants for Surfaces, Countertops and Sinks\n\nDisinfecting products, unlike some commercial sanitizers, should not be used\non cutting boards or utensils that touch food because they could contaminate\nthe food you prepare. However, disinfectants are safe to use on surfaces and\nhigh touch areas in order to destroy bacteria.\n\nAccording to the CDC, a homemade disinfectant for surfaces can be made by\nmixing a solution of five tablespoons (one-third cup) of unscented liquid\nchlorine bleach to one gallon of water or four teaspoons of bleach per quart\nof water. You should use gloves to protect your hands before using\ndisinfectant solutions. Pour or spray your homemade disinfectant on sinks,\ncountertops and other surfaces, then let it sit for at least one minute before\nwiping your surfaces clean with a paper towel. Be sure they are completely dry\nbefore using those surfaces or your sink again.\n\nIf using commercial disinfectants, make sure they are approved for use on your\nsurfaces and completely follow the manufacturer’s instructions on the label.\nSome commercial disinfectants may require your surfaces to be rinsed with\nclean water after use.\n\nAfter cleaning and then sanitizing or disinfecting anything in your home, make\nsure to wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds.\n\n#### Washing Other Foods\n\nCallers to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline may ask about washing other foods\nthat are not regulated by the USDA. Our food safety experts recommend the\nfollowing guidelines to safely handle eggs and produce in the home.\n\n##### Washing Eggs\n\nDo not wash eggs from the grocery store before putting them in the\nrefrigerator. Washing is a routine part of commercial egg processing and the\neggs do not need to be washed again. \"Bloom,\" the natural coating on just-laid\neggs that helps prevent bacteria from permeating the shell, is removed by the\ncommercial washing process. It is replaced by a light coating of edible\nmineral oil, which restores protection for long-term home storage of eggs.\nExtra handling of the eggs in your home, such as washing them, could increase\nthe risk of cross-contamination, especially if the shell becomes cracked.\n\n##### Washing Produce\n\nBefore eating or preparing fresh fruits and vegetables, wash the produce under\nrunning tap water to remove any lingering dirt. This reduces any germs that\nmay be present. If the fruits or vegetables have a firm surface, such as\napples or potatoes, they can be scrubbed with a brush. Consumers should not\nwash fruits and vegetables with detergent, soap or commercial produce washes.\nThese products are not approved or labeled by the U.S. Food and Drug\nAdministration (FDA) for use on foods. You could ingest residues from soap or\ndetergent absorbed on the produce and get sick.\n\nMake sure your inner sink, countertops and utensils are cleaned and sanitized\nbefore you rinse your produce to avoid cross-contamination, especially from\nsurfaces that have touched raw meat, poultry or seafood or their juices. When\npreparing fruits and vegetables, cut away any damaged or bruised areas because\nbacteria that can cause illness can thrive in those places. Immediately\nrefrigerate any cut items such as salad or cut fruit for best quality and food\nsafety.\n\n##### Should I Wash Pre-Washed Produce?\n\nAt the store, you may find produce, like bagged salads or some cut and\npackaged fruits or vegetables, that is labeled as “pre-washed” or “ready-to-\neat.” If you see this label, then you can safely use the produce without\nfurther washing. If you choose to wash produce marked as “pre-washed” or\n“ready-to-eat,” be sure that it does not come in contact with unclean surfaces\nor utensils, especially those that have touched raw meat, poultry or seafood\nor their juices. This will help to avoid cross-contamination.\n\n#### Grocery Shopping\n\nMany stores will have disinfecting wipes you can use to wipe down any carts or\nbaskets you may touch during your shopping trip. This does not replace safe\nhandling of food and food packaging while you’re in the store. Keep your raw\nmeat, poultry and seafood products separate from any produce or ready-to-eat\nfoods. You should use bags to keep these products separate. Wash your hands\nwith soap and water for 20 seconds after going to the grocery store. Avoid\ntouching your face, mouth or nose while grocery shopping.\n\nIf you use reusable bags while grocery shopping, be sure to wash them after\neach use with hot water and soap to prevent the spread of any germs. Clean and\ndisinfect any surfaces and countertops where you put your groceries after\nhandling and storing them.\n\nLast Modified Jun 01, 2020\n\n * Site Map\n * A-Z Index\n * Help\n\n * About FSIS\n * District Offices\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Ask USDA\n * askFSIS\n * En Español\n\nFSIS Home | USDA.gov | FoodSafety.gov | USA.gov | WhiteHouse.gov | Site Map |\nPolicies & Links | Significant Guidance | FOIA | Accessibility Statement |\nPrivacy Policy | Non-Discrimination Statement | Civil Rights | No FEAR |\nInformation Quality\n\nComplementary Content\n\n * ${title}\n\n${loading}\n\n * ${title}\n\n${loading}\n\nibmCfg.controllers.navigation true true true\n\nsharePage viewMorePage\n\nibmCfg.controllers.navigation\n\nreorderPage\n\ntheme-toolbar utb-shelf\n\ntrue true\n\nwireInterface autoWiringManager\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.smoking-meat.com/brining-meat.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20130116121529/http://www.smoking-meat.com/brining-meat.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Complete Guide", "passages": [ "Brining meat seems to be a sort of \"cooking secret\" that many people still do not know anything about or use.", "I started out brining turkeys way back and I have since tried about every meat imaginable. Some meats are affected little while others are affected alot. Regardless, it is a process that is extremely simple and can be implemented by anyone wishing to better their culinary skills.", "As you know, I deal only with smoking meat but this process of brining meat can even make an oven baked turkey a little more juicy and delicious even if it isn't smoke flavored with real wood smoke.", "Let me begin by explaining exactly what brining meat is and what it does then we will get into the how-to part of the equation.", "Brining comes from the root word \"brine\" meaning salt. Basically when you put salt into a bucket of water and add a piece of meat...we'll say a turkey for instance, a scientific process called osmosis begins to take effect. This process seeks to equalize the amount of salt on the outside of the turkey with the amount on the inside.", "As you very well know there is little if any salt inside the turkey therefore the salt and water is drawn deep into the meat fibers of the turkey creating the process we call meat brining. The really neat thing about this process is that you can add other spices, herbs, flavorings, etc. down into the bucket with the salt water solution and it will get drawn in as well and thereby flavor the meat.", "I have tried various types of meat and plain and simple I just do not think it effects beef and pork all that much. Poultry on the other hand is a totally different story. The first time you carve that turkey after it has been brined and then smoked you will see how much juicier and tastier it is.... there is no comparison.", "The water to salt ratio is 1:16 or 1 cup of Kosher salt per gallon of non- chlorinated water. I usually require around 2 gallons of water to cover a 12 pound turkey and therefore I use 2 cups of kosher salt. Any seasonings you choose to add after the base solution should contain little or no salt else the brining meat you are using can become too salty. I use a brick inside a large zip-loc bag to keep the turkey submerged.", "You can get real creative with meat brining and add pinches and dashes of this and that until you find the right combination. On the recipe above you can leave out the crab boil for a less Louisiana flavor. Try a dash or two of cinnamon for a nice twist. Wanna spice things up a bit...add a few teaspoons of cayenne or run a couple of jalapenos through the food processor and pour the puree into the mix...oh yeah!", "After the meat has brined for 10-12 hours take it out of the bucket, rinse the meat real well making sure there is no traces of salt left on the outside of the brining meat and discard the brine. Smoke (or bake if you must) as usual.", "If any of you come up with some tasty concoctions please contact us and let us know... we may even post the recipe with your name by it.", "The hottest smoking meat book to hit the shelves in ages and I just happen to have my name on the front;-) Use the links below to order from Amazon or B&N:", "The Smoking Meat Forums is the BEST place to get your smoking questions answered! More than 45,000 members and 900,000 posts on smoking meat..WOW!!!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Brining Meat - The Complete Guide\n\n * Main Navigation\n * Home\n * Contact\n * Newsletter Archive (138)\n * Jeff's Recipes\n * Free eCourse\n * Free Newsletter\n * Forum\n\n# Brining Meat to Keep it Juicy\n\nBrining meat seems to be a sort of \"cooking secret\" that many people still do\nnot know anything about or use.\n\nI started out brining turkeys way back and I have since tried about every meat\nimaginable. Some meats are affected little while others are affected alot.\nRegardless, it is a process that is extremely simple and can be implemented by\nanyone wishing to better their culinary skills.\n\nAs you know, I deal only with smoking meat but this process of brining meat\ncan even make an oven baked turkey a little more juicy and delicious even if\nit isn't smoke flavored with real wood smoke.\n\n## What is Brining\n\nLet me begin by explaining exactly what brining meat is and what it does then\nwe will get into the how-to part of the equation.\n\nBrining comes from the root word \"brine\" meaning salt. Basically when you put\nsalt into a bucket of water and add a piece of meat...we'll say a turkey for\ninstance, a scientific process called osmosis begins to take effect. This\nprocess seeks to equalize the amount of salt on the outside of the turkey with\nthe amount on the inside.\n\nAs you very well know there is little if any salt inside the turkey therefore\nthe salt and water is drawn deep into the meat fibers of the turkey creating\nthe process we call meat brining. The really neat thing about this process is\nthat you can add other spices, herbs, flavorings, etc. down into the bucket\nwith the salt water solution and it will get drawn in as well and thereby\nflavor the meat.\n\nI have tried various types of meat and plain and simple I just do not think it\neffects beef and pork all that much. Poultry on the other hand is a totally\ndifferent story. The first time you carve that turkey after it has been brined\nand then smoked you will see how much juicier and tastier it is.... there is\nno comparison.\n\n## Brining Meat Ingredients and Process\n\nThe water to salt ratio is 1:16 or 1 cup of Kosher salt per gallon of non-\nchlorinated water. I usually require around 2 gallons of water to cover a 12\npound turkey and therefore I use 2 cups of kosher salt. Any seasonings you\nchoose to add after the base solution should contain little or no salt else\nthe brining meat you are using can become too salty. I use a brick inside a\nlarge zip-loc bag to keep the turkey submerged.\n\nHere is a recipe I use occasionally:\n\n2 Gal Water 2 Cups Kosher Salt 3 Cups Sugar 1/4 Cup Zatarains Liquid Crab Boil\n4 TBS Black Pepper 1 TBS Dried Rosemary 1 TBS Thyme 1/4 Cup Molasses 1/4 Cup\nWhite Wine (not Cooking Wine) 1/4 Cup Worcestershire\n\nSoak a 12 pound turkey in this mixture overnight or 10-12 hours in the fridge\n\n## Experiment with Your Favorite Brine Ingredients\n\nYou can get real creative with meat brining and add pinches and dashes of this\nand that until you find the right combination. On the recipe above you can\nleave out the crab boil for a less Louisiana flavor. Try a dash or two of\ncinnamon for a nice twist. Wanna spice things up a bit...add a few teaspoons\nof cayenne or run a couple of jalapenos through the food processor and pour\nthe puree into the mix...oh yeah!\n\nAfter the meat has brined for 10-12 hours take it out of the bucket, rinse the\nmeat real well making sure there is no traces of salt left on the outside of\nthe brining meat and discard the brine. Smoke (or bake if you must) as usual.\n\nIf any of you come up with some tasty concoctions please contact us and let us\nknow... we may even post the recipe with your name by it.\n\nGood Luck!\n\nReturn from Brining Meat to the Home Page\n\nBecome a Fan of Smoking-Meat.com\n\n## Main Navigation\n\n### Smoking Poultry\n\n * Whole Chicken\n * Beer Can Chicken\n * Monster Chicken Wings\n * Cranberry Brined Turkey\n * Buttermilk Brined Turkey\n * Turkey Tips & Recipes\n * Holiday Turkey\n * Turkey on a ECB\n * Smoked Turkey Legs\n * Cornish Hens\n * Bacon Wrapped Breasts\n * Smoked Hot Wings\n * Smoked Duck\n\n### Smoking Pork\n\n * Pork Shoulder\n * Country Style Ribs\n * Pork Tenderloin\n * Smoking Pork Ribs\n * 2-2-1 Baby Backs\n * Bacon Wrapped Fatty\n * Smoked Boudin\n * Smoking Ham\n * Pork Loin\n\n### Smoking Beef\n\n * All-Night Brisket\n * Beef Ribs\n * Smoked Tri-tip\n * Smoked Meatloaf\n * Smoked Meatballs\n * Making Pastrami\n * Smoking Steaks\n * Stuffed Burgers\n * Burnt Ends\n * Tender Chuck Roast\n\n### Smoking Lamb\n\n * Smoked Lamb Shanks\n * Rack of Lamb\n\n### Smoking Fish/Seafood\n\n * Smoking Trout\n * Smoking Salmon\n * Smoked Shrimp\n * Smoked Tilapia\n\n### Smoking Cheese/Nuts/etc.\n\n * Smoking Cheese\n * Smoking Nuts and Seeds\n\n### Smokeology\n\n * Meat Safety\n * Brining Meat\n * Minion Method\n * How to Build a Fire\n * Smoking FAQ\n * Times and Temps\n * Barbecue Woods\n * Multiple Meats\n * Charcoal Chimney Instructions\n\n### Equipment\n\n * Wood Smoker\n * Charcoal Smoker\n * Electric Smoker\n * Gas Smoker\n * Barbecue Supplies\n * Stoker Review\n\n### Smoker Instructions\n\n * 4-rack Digital Bradley\n * Weber Smokey Mountain\n * Big Green Egg\n\n### Resources & Downloads\n\n * Smoking Meat Forums\n * Free 5-Day eCourse\n * Free Newsletter\n * Newsletter Archive (138)\n * Jeff's YouTube Channel\n * How to Smoke Meat(pdf)\n * Smoking Meat Log(pdf)\n * GOSM Instructions(pdf)\n * Smoke a Pork Butt(pdf)\n * Big_Smokey.pdf\n\n### Search\n\n### Get Jeff's Book\n\nThe hottest smoking meat book to hit the shelves in ages and I just happen to\nhave my name on the front;-) Use the links below to order from Amazon or B&N:\n\nAmazon.com Barnes & Noble\n\n### SPONSORS\n\n### Recipes for Jeff's Rub n' Sauce\n\nBeginner smokers.. this is the best way to get started impressing your family\nand friends!\n\n*************************\n\n*************************\n\nOrder both recipes today for only $18.95 and you'll be so glad that you did!\n\n### Reminder\n\nThe FREE smoking meat newsletter will be coming out\n\n### The SMF\n\nThe Smoking Meat Forums is the BEST place to get your smoking questions\nanswered! More than 45,000 members and 900,000 posts on smoking meat..WOW!!!\n\n * No Spam\n * No Flaming\n * No Name Calling\n\nCome see the SMF difference!\n\nWhat are you waiting for? It's totally FREE so Join Now!\n\n### SMF RSS Feed\n\n * About Us\n * Disclaimer\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n\n© 2004-2013 by Thin Blue LLC and Smoking-Meat.com. All rights reserved.\n\nAuthor: Jeff Phillips\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.thekitchn.com/use-a-quick-brine-to-make-any-cut-more-tender-47879", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006100057/https://www.thekitchn.com/use-a-quick-brine-to-make-any-cut-more-tender-47879", "parsed_text": { "title": "Use a Quick Brine to Make Any Cut More Tender", "passages": [ "Brining has become synonymous with Thanksgiving turkey, but it’s such a great technique that we’ve started using it all year round for all sorts of different meats! We like to throw pork chops and chicken breasts in a quick brine for extra oomph before continuing on with the rest of the recipe.", "Brining is the process of submerging a cut of meat in a brine solution, which is simply salt dissolved in water. The meat absorbs extra liquid and salt, resulting in a juicier and more flavorful final dish. This technique is particularly great for lean cuts of meat that tend to dry out during cooking!", "The basic ratio of salt to water for a brine is 4 tablespoons of salt per 1 quart (4 cups) of water. In a container large enough to hold your meat (and preferably with a lid to avoid sloshing), dissolve the salt in the water. Add your meat. If there’s not quite enough liquid to cover, add a solution of 1 cup of water and 1 tablespoon of salt until the meat is completely submerged. Cover the container and refrigerate.", "Since it’s so large, a turkey ideally needs to be brined overnight—for about 12 hours. Smaller cuts like pork chops or chicken breast for weeknight dinners take far less time and are typically ready to be cooked in 1/2 hour to an hour.", "To infuse your meat with extra flavor, throw some extra spices and aromatics into your brine that will complement the finished dish. Making our Pork Stir- fry with Asparagus and Sugar Snap Peas? Try adding a few slivers of ginger into the brine. For roasted chickens, add lemon rind and a few sprigs of rosemary or thyme. Some folks also like adding sugar (about 2 tablespoons per quart) into the brine to lightly sweeten the meat.", "Brining is really more of a technique for dry heat preparations like roasting and grilling. The flavor and texture difference isn’t as great when braising and poaching in liquid.", "Emma is a former editor for The Kitchn and a graduate of the Cambridge School for Culinary Arts. She is the author of True Brews and Brew Better Beer. Check out her website for more cooking stories." ] }, "parsed_md": "Use a Quick Brine to Make Any Cut More Tender | Kitchn\n\nSkills\n\nmeat\n\nTips & Techniques\n\n# Quick Brines Are The Shortcut to More Tender Meat\n\nby Emma Christensen\n\nupdated Jan 21, 2021\n\nSaveComments\n\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\nmay earn a commission.\n\nCredit: Joe Lingeman\n\nBrining has become synonymous with Thanksgiving turkey, but it’s such a great\ntechnique that we’ve started using it all year round for all sorts of\ndifferent meats! We like to throw pork chops and chicken breasts in a quick\nbrine for extra oomph before continuing on with the rest of the recipe.\n\nBrining is the process of submerging a cut of meat in a brine solution, which\nis simply salt dissolved in water. The meat absorbs extra liquid and salt,\nresulting in a juicier and more flavorful final dish. This technique is\nparticularly great for lean cuts of meat that tend to dry out during cooking!\n\n## Memorize This Basic Brine Ratio\n\nThe basic ratio of salt to water for a brine is 4 tablespoons of salt per 1\nquart (4 cups) of water. In a container large enough to hold your meat (and\npreferably with a lid to avoid sloshing), dissolve the salt in the water. Add\nyour meat. If there’s not quite enough liquid to cover, add a solution of 1\ncup of water and 1 tablespoon of salt until the meat is completely submerged.\nCover the container and refrigerate.\n\nSince it’s so large, a turkey ideally needs to be brined overnight—for about\n12 hours. Smaller cuts like pork chops or chicken breast for weeknight dinners\ntake far less time and are typically ready to be cooked in 1/2 hour to an\nhour.\n\nTo infuse your meat with extra flavor, throw some extra spices and aromatics\ninto your brine that will complement the finished dish. Making our Pork Stir-\nfry with Asparagus and Sugar Snap Peas? Try adding a few slivers of ginger\ninto the brine. For roasted chickens, add lemon rind and a few sprigs of\nrosemary or thyme. Some folks also like adding sugar (about 2 tablespoons per\nquart) into the brine to lightly sweeten the meat.\n\nBrining is really more of a technique for dry heat preparations like roasting\nand grilling. The flavor and texture difference isn’t as great when braising\nand poaching in liquid.\n\nDo you brine your meat? What’s your favorite recipe?\n\nEmma Christensen\n\nContributor\n\nEmma is a former editor for The Kitchn and a graduate of the Cambridge School\nfor Culinary Arts. She is the author of True Brews and Brew Better Beer. Check\nout her website for more cooking stories.\n\nSaveComments\n\nFollow us\n\nGet our very best recipes, Kitchen wisdom, and cooking inspiration delivered\nstraight to your inbox.\n\nKitchn is © 1994-2021 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.food.com/recipe/basic-all-purpose-brine-for-meats-chicken-and-turkey-105141", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421183046/https://www.food.com/recipe/basic-all-purpose-brine-for-meats-chicken-and-turkey-105141", "parsed_text": { "title": "Basic All Purpose Brine for Meats, Chicken, and Turkey Recipe", "passages": [ "Place meat or poultry in a food safe plastic bag inside another container for support and leakage control (oven roasting bags are a fine choice- NOT garbage bags).", "Refrigerate for 3-4 hours for 3 pounds meat (such as pork ribs), 5-6 hours for a nice roasting hen, or 12-24 hours for a turkey, 12 hours being for a small one and the longer time for those turkeys around 20+ pounds.", "If using poultry, you may want to add citrus fruit such as oranges or lemons, additional fresh herbs, or cloves of garlic into the cavity." ] }, "parsed_md": "Basic All Purpose Brine for Meats, Chicken, and Turkey Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / Christmas\n\nCommunity Pick\n\n# Basic All Purpose Brine for Meats, Chicken, and Turkey\n\n(24)\n\nRecipe by PalatablePastime\n\nI like the combination of flavors in this brine more than any other I have\ntried.\n\n26\n\nPeople talking\n\nReviews, Tweaks & More Reviews, Tweaks & More\n\nREADY IN: 3hrs 15mins\n\nYIELD: 1 quart\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * 1\n\ntablespoon black peppercorns\n\n * 2\n\nsprigs fresh thyme\n\n * 3\n\nbay leaves\n\n * 4 -6\n\ncloves garlic, sliced\n\n * 4\n\ncups water\n\n * ^1⁄_2\n\ncup light brown sugar, packed\n\n * ^1⁄_2\n\ncup kosher salt\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (1225) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 1\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 458.3\n\nCalories from Fat 3 g 1 %\n\nTotal Fat 0.4 g 0 %\n\nSaturated Fat 0.1 g 0 %\n\nCholesterol 0 mg 0 %\n\nSodium 56649.7 mg 2360 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 117.6 g 39 %\n\nDietary Fiber 2.5 g 10 %\n\nSugars 106.9 g 427 %\n\nProtein 1.8 g 3 %\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * Makes 1 quart- make up additional amounts of brine if needed until meat is submerged.\n * Stir ingredients together in a saucepan and bring to a boil.\n * Continue stirring until sugar is dissolved.\n * Allow to cool.\n * Place meat or poultry in a food safe plastic bag inside another container for support and leakage control (oven roasting bags are a fine choice- NOT garbage bags).\n * Pour cooled brine into bag, and squeeze out as much air as possible and seal with a twistie tie.\n * Refrigerate for 3-4 hours for 3 pounds meat (such as pork ribs), 5-6 hours for a nice roasting hen, or 12-24 hours for a turkey, 12 hours being for a small one and the longer time for those turkeys around 20+ pounds.\n * Discard brine before using and pat meat dry.\n * If using poultry, you may want to add citrus fruit such as oranges or lemons, additional fresh herbs, or cloves of garlic into the cavity.\n * Prepare meat as desired- roast, bbq, etc.\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\nBasic Brine for Juicy, Tender Chicken or Turkey\n\nby Brandess\n\n(16)\n\n10 Things to Make with Canned Beans\n\n37 Ways to Say No to Boring Chicken...\n\n102 Copycat Faves: Restaurant Recip...\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\n© 2021 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.finecooking.com/article/why-brining-keeps-turkey-and-other-meat-so-moist", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211229044800/https://www.finecooking.com/article/why-brining-keeps-turkey-and-other-meat-so-moist", "parsed_text": { "title": "Why Brining Keeps Turkey and Other Meat So Moist", "passages": [ "Roasted turkey breast, sautéed pork chops, and stir-fried shrimp all tend to suffer a common fate when they’re cooked even a few minutes longer than necessary: they get dry and tough. Actually, any kind of meat or fish will taste like shoe leather if it’s severely overcooked, but turkey, pork, and shrimp are particularly vulnerable because they’re so lean. Luckily, there’s a simple solution (literally) for this problem. Soaking these types of leaner meats in a brine—a solution of salt and water—will help ensure moister, juicier results.", "For more turkey know-how, see our 21 Tips for Better Turkey and visit The Guide to Thanksgiving Dinner to watch videos demonstrating how to brine a turkey using a wet-brine method and a dry-brine method.", "Moisture loss is inevitable when you cook any type of muscle fiber. Heat causes raw individual coiled proteins in the fibers to unwind—the technical term is denature—and then join together with one another, resulting in some shrinkage and moisture loss. (By the way, acids, salt, and even air can have the same denaturing effect on proteins as heat.) Normally, meat loses about 30 percent of its weight during cooking. But if you soak the meat in a brine first, you can reduce this moisture loss during cooking to as little as 15 percent, according to Dr. Estes Reynolds, a brining expert at the University of Georgia.", "Brining enhances juiciness in several ways. First of all, muscle fibers simply absorb liquid during the brining period. Some of this liquid gets lost during cooking, but since the meat is in a sense more juicy at the start of cooking, it ends up juicier. We can verify that brined meat and fish absorb liquid by weighing them before and after brining. Brined meats typically weigh six to eight percent more than they did before brining—clear proof of the water uptake.", "Another way that brining increases juiciness is by dissolving some proteins. A mild salt solution can actually dissolve some of the proteins in muscle fibers, turning them from solid to liquid.", "Of all the processes at work during brining, the most significant is salt’s ability to denature proteins. The dissolved salt causes some of the proteins in muscle fibers to unwind and swell. As they unwind, the bonds that had held the protein unit together as a bundle break. Water from the brine binds directly to these proteins, but even more important, water gets trapped between these proteins when the meat cooks and the proteins bind together. Some of this would happen anyway just during cooking, but the brine unwinds more proteins and exposes more bonding sites. As long as you don’t overcook the meat, which would cause protein bonds to tighten and squeeze out a lot of the trapped liquid, these natural juices will be retained.", "How long to brine depends on the size and type of meat you’ve got. Larger meats like a whole turkey require much more time for the brine to do its thing. Small pieces of seafood like shrimp shouldn’t sit in a brine for more than half an hour. In fact, any meat that’s brined for too long will dry out and start to taste salty as the salt ends up pulling liquid out of the muscle fibers. (Be sure not to brine meats that have already been brined before you buy them, such as “extra-tender” pork, which has been treated with sodium phosphate and water to make it juicier.)", "Any lean, dry meat is an ideal candidate for brining; some of my favorites are shrimp, fish fillets, chicken pieces, whole chickens, and pork chops. Keep all meat and fish refrigerated during brining, rinse them well afterwards, and don’t overcook them. If you need more liquid to completely submerge the meat, measure more and add it, along with the proportionate quantity of salt.", "You can add dried herbs, such as thyme, oregano, or sage, to the brine or rub them directly on the meat for more flavor. You can also supplement or replace the water with another liquid, such as apple cider for a turkey or pork brine. Many brines include sugar, which is fine as a flavor enhancer. But according to Dr. Reynolds, sugar has no technical function when it comes to juiciness; salt is the key ingredient.", "The chart below gives salt concentration and brining time for various foods. Concentrations listed are for Diamond Crystal kosher salt. For table salt, cut salt amounts by 1/2; for Mortons kosher salt, cut amounts by 1/4.", "It’s vital to have a brine with the correct salt concentration, especially for lengthy brining times. Small, thin pieces of meat like fish fillets or shrimp can withstand a concentrated brine because they’ll be immersed for only half an hour or less. But for longer brines, Dr. Reynolds suggests using 9.6 ounces of salt for every gallon of water. One scant cup of table salt per gallon of water would put you within range.", "If you’re using kosher salt, you’ll need to use more of it by volume. This is because kosher salt has larger crystals and is bulkier than table salt. I actually prefer using kosher salt in brines because it dissolves much faster, and it comes in nice big cartons. Using Diamond Crystal kosher salt, you’ll need 2 cups per gallon of liquid. Morton’s kosher salt is denser, and you only need 1-1/3 to 1-1/2 cups per gallon of liquid to get the brine concentration that Dr. Reynolds recommends.", "Any food-safe nonreactive container is fine for brining. For brining turkeys, I use a plastic turkey cooking bag that will completely enclose the turkey; the meat needs to be completely submerged. I put the turkey in the bag and then set the whole thing in a large bowl. I add water to the bag with a measuring cup, keeping track of how much I’ve added. Then I add the correct amount of salt. If I’m brining a familiar turkey size and I know the approximate amount of salt, I just rub the salt directly on the turkey, inside and out, before adding the water. I put the bowl in the refrigerator (all meats should be refrigerated during brining) and let the meat soak for 12 to 24 hours. Discard the brine after use; for safety reasons, it should never be reused.", "Remove the neck, giblets, and tail (save these for stock) and any plastic bits like leg connectors or pop-up timers from the turkey. Rinse the turkey well and put it in two doubled-up turkey-size oven bags. Rub 1 cup of kosher salt on the turkey inside and out. Pour in 1 gallon of cool water and close up the inner bag as tightly as possible with a twist tie. Secure the outer bag with another tie, and gently shake the whole thing around a bit to wet all the salt. Put the bagged turkey in a roasting pan (to catch any leaks) and refrigerate for 12 to 24 hours, flipping the turkey once or twice. Rinse the turkey well and pat dry with paper towels. (To roast the turkey, try this simple method).", "One more note: If you’ve bought a kosher turkey, there’s no need to brine it yourself as it has already been brined during processing.", "Whatever you’re brining, remember to rinse the meat or fish well afterward to remove any surface salt. Properly brined meat shouldn’t taste salty, just very juicy with good flavor. But do reduce the amount of salt called for in the recipe; that is, don’t add salt until the dish is at a point where you can taste it and judge.", "I brined my turkey for 4 days prior to Turkey day in fridge. My 22Lb stuffed bird was fully cooked in 4 hrs. I couldn't believe it as package said 5-6 hrs unstuffed." ] }, "parsed_md": "Why Brining Keeps Turkey and Other Meat So Moist - How-To - FineCooking\n\n * Recipes & Menus\n * How-to\n * Ingredients\n * Videos\n * Magazine\n * Holidays\n * Collections\n * More\n\nAdvanced Search\n\nSubscribe\n\nSubscribe\n\nFine Cooking\n\nSubscribe\n\nSign Up| Login\n\n * Recipes & Menus\n * How-to\n * Ingredients\n * Videos\n * Magazine\n * Holidays\n * Collections\n * More\n\nAdvanced Search\n\nFine Cooking\n\nSubscribe\n\nHow-To\n\n# Why Brining Keeps Turkey and Other Meat So Moist\n\n## A food scientist explains how a soak in a salt solution makes lean meat,\nlike turkey, juicier and more flavorful\n\nBy Shirley Corriher Fine Cooking Issue 53\n\nPhoto: Brian Hagiwara\n\nSave to Recipe Box\n\nPrint\n\nAdd Private Note\n\nSaved Add to List\n\n### Add to List\n\nPrint\n\nAdd Recipe Note\n\n### Related\n\n * How-To\n\n## How to Brine a Turkey\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Roasted Turkey with Juniper-Ginger Butter & Pan Gravy\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Brined Roast Turkey with Sage Butter Rub\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Maple-Brined, Wood-Smoked Grilled Turkey\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Herb-Butter Roasted Turkey with Pinot Noir Gravy\n\nClick the image to watch a video on how to brine a turkey.\n\nRoasted turkey breast, sautéed pork chops, and stir-fried shrimp all tend to\nsuffer a common fate when they’re cooked even a few minutes longer than\nnecessary: they get dry and tough. Actually, any kind of meat or fish will\ntaste like shoe leather if it’s severely overcooked, but turkey, pork, and\nshrimp are particularly vulnerable because they’re so lean. Luckily, there’s a\nsimple solution (literally) for this problem. Soaking these types of leaner\nmeats in a brine—a solution of salt and water—will help ensure moister,\njuicier results.\n\nFor more turkey know-how, see our 21 Tips for Better Turkey and visit The\nGuide to Thanksgiving Dinner to watch videos demonstrating how to brine a\nturkey using a wet-brine method and a dry-brine method.\n\n### How a brine works\n\nMoisture loss is inevitable when you cook any type of muscle fiber. Heat\ncauses raw individual coiled proteins in the fibers to unwind—the technical\nterm is denature—and then join together with one another, resulting in some\nshrinkage and moisture loss. (By the way, acids, salt, and even air can have\nthe same denaturing effect on proteins as heat.) Normally, meat loses about 30\npercent of its weight during cooking. But if you soak the meat in a brine\nfirst, you can reduce this moisture loss during cooking to as little as 15\npercent, according to Dr. Estes Reynolds, a brining expert at the University\nof Georgia.\n\nBrining enhances juiciness in several ways. First of all, muscle fibers simply\nabsorb liquid during the brining period. Some of this liquid gets lost during\ncooking, but since the meat is in a sense more juicy at the start of cooking,\nit ends up juicier. We can verify that brined meat and fish absorb liquid by\nweighing them before and after brining. Brined meats typically weigh six to\neight percent more than they did before brining—clear proof of the water\nuptake.\n\nAnother way that brining increases juiciness is by dissolving some proteins. A\nmild salt solution can actually dissolve some of the proteins in muscle\nfibers, turning them from solid to liquid.\n\nOf all the processes at work during brining, the most significant is salt’s\nability to denature proteins. The dissolved salt causes some of the proteins\nin muscle fibers to unwind and swell. As they unwind, the bonds that had held\nthe protein unit together as a bundle break. Water from the brine binds\ndirectly to these proteins, but even more important, water gets trapped\nbetween these proteins when the meat cooks and the proteins bind together.\nSome of this would happen anyway just during cooking, but the brine unwinds\nmore proteins and exposes more bonding sites. As long as you don’t overcook\nthe meat, which would cause protein bonds to tighten and squeeze out a lot of\nthe trapped liquid, these natural juices will be retained.\n\n### Brining basics\n\nHow long to brine depends on the size and type of meat you’ve got. Larger\nmeats like a whole turkey require much more time for the brine to do its\nthing. Small pieces of seafood like shrimp shouldn’t sit in a brine for more\nthan half an hour. In fact, any meat that’s brined for too long will dry out\nand start to taste salty as the salt ends up pulling liquid out of the muscle\nfibers. (Be sure not to brine meats that have already been brined before you\nbuy them, such as “extra-tender” pork, which has been treated with sodium\nphosphate and water to make it juicier.)\n\n### Brining guidelines\n\nAny lean, dry meat is an ideal candidate for brining; some of my favorites are\nshrimp, fish fillets, chicken pieces, whole chickens, and pork chops. Keep all\nmeat and fish refrigerated during brining, rinse them well afterwards, and\ndon’t overcook them. If you need more liquid to completely submerge the meat,\nmeasure more and add it, along with the proportionate quantity of salt.\n\nYou can add dried herbs, such as thyme, oregano, or sage, to the brine or rub\nthem directly on the meat for more flavor. You can also supplement or replace\nthe water with another liquid, such as apple cider for a turkey or pork brine.\nMany brines include sugar, which is fine as a flavor enhancer. But according\nto Dr. Reynolds, sugar has no technical function when it comes to juiciness;\nsalt is the key ingredient.\n\nThe chart below gives salt concentration and brining time for various foods.\nConcentrations listed are for Diamond Crystal kosher salt. For table salt, cut\nsalt amounts by 1/2; for Mortons kosher salt, cut amounts by 1/4.\n\nIt’s vital to have a brine with the correct salt concentration, especially for\nlengthy brining times. Small, thin pieces of meat like fish fillets or shrimp\ncan withstand a concentrated brine because they’ll be immersed for only half\nan hour or less. But for longer brines, Dr. Reynolds suggests using 9.6 ounces\nof salt for every gallon of water. One scant cup of table salt per gallon of\nwater would put you within range.\n\nIf you’re using kosher salt, you’ll need to use more of it by volume. This is\nbecause kosher salt has larger crystals and is bulkier than table salt. I\nactually prefer using kosher salt in brines because it dissolves much faster,\nand it comes in nice big cartons. Using Diamond Crystal kosher salt, you’ll\nneed 2 cups per gallon of liquid. Morton’s kosher salt is denser, and you only\nneed 1-1/3 to 1-1/2 cups per gallon of liquid to get the brine concentration\nthat Dr. Reynolds recommends.\n\nAny food-safe nonreactive container is fine for brining. For brining turkeys,\nI use a plastic turkey cooking bag that will completely enclose the turkey;\nthe meat needs to be completely submerged. I put the turkey in the bag and\nthen set the whole thing in a large bowl. I add water to the bag with a\nmeasuring cup, keeping track of how much I’ve added. Then I add the correct\namount of salt. If I’m brining a familiar turkey size and I know the\napproximate amount of salt, I just rub the salt directly on the turkey, inside\nand out, before adding the water. I put the bowl in the refrigerator (all\nmeats should be refrigerated during brining) and let the meat soak for 12 to\n24 hours. Discard the brine after use; for safety reasons, it should never be\nreused.\n\n### How to brine your Thanksgiving turkey\n\nby Jennifer Armentrout\n\nBrining is a great way to keep lean meat like turkey moist. Here’s how to do\nit:\n\nRemove the neck, giblets, and tail (save these for stock) and any plastic bits\nlike leg connectors or pop-up timers from the turkey. Rinse the turkey well\nand put it in two doubled-up turkey-size oven bags. Rub 1 cup of kosher salt\non the turkey inside and out. Pour in 1 gallon of cool water and close up the\ninner bag as tightly as possible with a twist tie. Secure the outer bag with\nanother tie, and gently shake the whole thing around a bit to wet all the\nsalt. Put the bagged turkey in a roasting pan (to catch any leaks) and\nrefrigerate for 12 to 24 hours, flipping the turkey once or twice. Rinse the\nturkey well and pat dry with paper towels. (To roast the turkey, try this\nsimple method).\n\nOne more note: If you’ve bought a kosher turkey, there’s no need to brine it\nyourself as it has already been brined during processing.\n\nWhatever you’re brining, remember to rinse the meat or fish well afterward to\nremove any surface salt. Properly brined meat shouldn’t taste salty, just very\njuicy with good flavor. But do reduce the amount of salt called for in the\nrecipe; that is, don’t add salt until the dish is at a point where you can\ntaste it and judge.\n\n#### Private Notes\n\nEdit| Delete\n\n### Comments\n\n### Leave a Comment\n\n### Comments\n\n * mlast | 11/24/2017\n\nI brined my turkey for 4 days prior to Turkey day in fridge. My 22Lb stuffed\nbird was fully cooked in 4 hrs. I couldn't believe it as package said 5-6 hrs\nunstuffed.\n\n### Leave A Comment\n\nCancel reply\n\n# What We're Cooking Now\n\n * Menu\n\n## New Year ́s Eve Sweets & Sparklers\n\nBy Tasha DeSerio\n\n * Collection\n\n## Utterly Simple Cocktail Party Food\n\n * Collection\n\n## Apps and Sweets to Make in Your Mini Muffin Tin\n\n * How-To\n\n## How To Build The Perfect Cheese Platter\n\nBy Christine Clark\n\n * Collection\n\n## 10 Ways to Dress Up Champagne\n\n * Collection\n\n## Hot Toddy Recipes and More Warming Winter Drinks\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Honey-Tabasco Pork Belly with Black-Eyed Peas and Collard Greens\n\nBy Duskie Estes\n\n# Find the inspiration you crave for your love of cooking\n\n## Subscribe today and save up to 50%\n\nSubscribe\n\nAlready a subscriber? Log in.\n\n# Videos\n\nView All\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Ham, Cheese & Dijon Pinwheel Puffs\n\nThese easy appetizers come together quickly and are a major crowd-pleaser for\na holiday party.\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Pork Wellington with Fennel, Apples, and Dijon\n\n * Video\n\n## How to Keep Cake Layers Straight\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Apricot Hummus with Spicy Pita Chips\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Poached Egg and Asparagus Toasts with Beurre Blanc\n\n### Connect\n\n#### Follow Fine Cooking on your favorite social networks\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n * Twitter\n\n# Fine Cooking Magazine\n\n * November/December 2020\n\n## Turkey By the Clock\n\n * View Full Issue\n * View Issue Archive\n * Subscribe\n\n * August/September 2020\n\n## An Alfresco Dinner, Italian-Style\n\n * June/July 2020\n\n## How to Make Pinsa\n\n * April/May 2020\n\n## Spring Vegetables and Seafood, Better Together\n\n### Follow\n\n### Site Links\n\n * Recipes & Menus\n * How-To\n * Ingredients\n * Video\n * Online Archive\n * Subscribe\n * Manage your subscription\n * Manage Preferences\n\n * Help\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * Web Accessibility\n * Site Map\n\n© Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. 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1,519,771
How To Travel by Car With Cats
Before traveling with your cat, gather your supplies, such as a carrier, a cat bed or blanket, and food and water dishes. For a long trip, you may also need to pack medications and a first aid kit for your cat. Prior to hitting the road, let your cat spend time in and around the carrier so it gets used to it. Once the cat is comfortable going into the carrier, try closing the door for a few minutes with the cat inside. You can also leash-train your cat so it can stretch its legs on the road.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20191203033817/https://www.avma.org/public/PetCare/Pages/pets-in-vehicles.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200919225333/https://www.merckvetmanual.com/nervous-system/motion-sickness/overview-of-motion-sickness", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170923180951/http://www.humanesociety.org:80/animals/resources/tips/packing_for_pets.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20191202235922/http://veterinarynews.dvm360.com:80/safe-travels-feline-patients", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170802211612/http://www.feliway.com:80/uk/What-causes-cat-stress-or-anxiety/Traveling-with-a-cat-in-a-cat-carrier" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.avma.org/public/PetCare/Pages/pets-in-vehicles.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191203033817/https://www.avma.org/public/PetCare/Pages/pets-in-vehicles.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Pets in Vehicles", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Pets in Vehicles\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.merckvetmanual.com/nervous-system/motion-sickness/overview-of-motion-sickness", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200919225333/https://www.merckvetmanual.com/nervous-system/motion-sickness/overview-of-motion-sickness", "parsed_text": { "title": "Overview of Motion Sickness", "passages": [ "The link you have selected will take you to a third-party website. We do not control or have responsibility for the content of any third-party site.", "Motion sickness is characterized by signs referable to stimulation of the autonomic nervous system, including excessive salivation and vomiting. Affected animals may also yawn, whine, or show signs of uneasiness and apprehension; severely affected animals may also develop diarrhea. Motion sickness is seen during travel by land, sea, or air, and signs usually disappear when vehicular motion ceases. The principal causative mechanism involves stimulation of the vestibular apparatus in the inner ear, which has connections to the emetic center in the brain stem. The chemoreceptor trigger zone (CRTZ) and H_1-histaminergic receptors are involved in this pathway in dogs but apparently are less important in cats. Recent evidence has revealed that the neurokinin 1 substance P receptors (NK1) in the emetic center play a major role in motion sickness in both dogs and cats and are more important than the receptors in the CRTZ. Fear of the vehicle may also become a contributory factor in dogs and cats that develop a conditioned response to the event; signs may be seen even in a stationary vehicle. In this situtation, behavioral modification may be needed to eliminate this fear, or the use of drugs that provide a sedative effect may be needed.", "In some cases, motion sickness can be overcome by conditioning the animal to travel. In others, ataractic and antinausea drugs can be used with good results. Antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine hydrochloride, dimenhydrinate, meclizine, and promethazine hydrochloride) prevent motion sickness, provide sedation, and inhibit drooling. The centrally acting phenothiazine derivatives (such as chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine, and acepromazine maleate) have antiemetic as well as sedative effects. Cats have no histamine receptors in the CRTZ; therefore, antihistamines are ineffective in treating motion sickness in this species. Motion sickness in cats probably is best treated with an α-adrenergic antagonist (eg, chlorpromazine) instead of a pure H_1-histaminergic antagonist.", "Maropitant^^, an NK1 receptor antagonist, is effective in treating motion sickness in dogs. NK1 receptors are located in the emetic center of the brain stem, which is the source most responsible for the vomiting and nausea of motion sickness. Blocking these receptors is more effective than inhibiting the CRTZ. Therefore, maropitant is probably the drug of choice to treat motion sickness in dogs. Another benefit is that treatment is given once daily. The drug is approved and available in tablet and injectable forms for use in dogs, while only the injectable form is approved for use in cats. Cats should be 16 wk old and dogs 8 wk old before using maropitant.", "Phenobarbital and diazepam can be used to produce a general sedative effect if anxiety is a problem. Oral administration of one of these drugs several hours before departure should reduce or eliminate the signs of motion sickness. (Also see Drugs to Control or Stimulate Vomiting (Monogastric).)", "Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA is a global healthcare leader working to help the world be well. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world. The Merck Veterinary Manual was first published in 1955 as a service to the community. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Manual outside of North America." ] }, "parsed_md": "Overview of Motion Sickness - Nervous System - Merck Veterinary Manual\n\n## Merck Manual\n\nPlease confirm that you are a health care professional\n\nYes No\n\n## Leave this Site?\n\nThe link you have selected will take you to a third-party website. We do not\ncontrol or have responsibility for the content of any third-party site.\n\nContinue Cancel\n\nMerck Manual\n\nVeterinary Manual\n\nThe trusted provider of veterinary information since 1955\n\nVETERINARY PET\n\nA\n\nB\n\nC\n\nD\n\nE\n\nF\n\nG\n\nH\n\nI\n\nJ\n\nK\n\nL\n\nM\n\nN\n\nO\n\nP\n\nQ\n\nR\n\nS\n\nT\n\nU\n\nV\n\nW\n\nX\n\nY\n\nZ\n\nA\n\nB\n\nC\n\nD\n\nE\n\nF\n\nG\n\nH\n\nI\n\nJ\n\nK\n\nL\n\nM\n\nN\n\nO\n\nP\n\nQ\n\nR\n\nS\n\nT\n\nU\n\nV\n\nW\n\nX\n\nY\n\nZ\n\nMerck Manual\n\nVeterinary Manual\n\nThe trusted provider of veterinary information since 1955\n\nVETERINARY PET\n\nA\n\nB\n\nC\n\nD\n\nE\n\nF\n\nG\n\nH\n\nI\n\nJ\n\nK\n\nL\n\nM\n\nN\n\nO\n\nP\n\nQ\n\nR\n\nS\n\nT\n\nU\n\nV\n\nW\n\nX\n\nY\n\nZ\n\nA\n\nB\n\nC\n\nD\n\nE\n\nF\n\nG\n\nH\n\nI\n\nJ\n\nK\n\nL\n\nM\n\nN\n\nO\n\nP\n\nQ\n\nR\n\nS\n\nT\n\nU\n\nV\n\nW\n\nX\n\nY\n\nZ\n\nVeterinary /\n\nNervous System /\n\nMotion Sickness /\n\n... /\n\nOverview of Motion Sickness /\n\n## Test your knowledge\n\n## More Content\n\n * Videos\n\n * SOCIAL MEDIA\n\nLoading\n\n# Overview of Motion Sickness\n\nBy\n\nT. Mark Neer\n\n, DVM, DACVIM, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State\nUniversity\n\nLast full review/revision May 2013 | Content last modified May 2013\n\nMotion sickness is characterized by signs referable to stimulation of the\nautonomic nervous system, including excessive salivation and vomiting.\nAffected animals may also yawn, whine, or show signs of uneasiness and\napprehension; severely affected animals may also develop diarrhea. Motion\nsickness is seen during travel by land, sea, or air, and signs usually\ndisappear when vehicular motion ceases. The principal causative mechanism\ninvolves stimulation of the vestibular apparatus in the inner ear, which has\nconnections to the emetic center in the brain stem. The chemoreceptor trigger\nzone (CRTZ) and H_1-histaminergic receptors are involved in this pathway in\ndogs but apparently are less important in cats. Recent evidence has revealed\nthat the neurokinin 1 substance P receptors (NK1) in the emetic center play a\nmajor role in motion sickness in both dogs and cats and are more important\nthan the receptors in the CRTZ. Fear of the vehicle may also become a\ncontributory factor in dogs and cats that develop a conditioned response to\nthe event; signs may be seen even in a stationary vehicle. In this situtation,\nbehavioral modification may be needed to eliminate this fear, or the use of\ndrugs that provide a sedative effect may be needed.\n\nIn some cases, motion sickness can be overcome by conditioning the animal to\ntravel. In others, ataractic and antinausea drugs can be used with good\nresults. Antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine hydrochloride,\ndimenhydrinate, meclizine, and promethazine hydrochloride) prevent motion\nsickness, provide sedation, and inhibit drooling. The centrally acting\nphenothiazine derivatives (such as chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine, and\nacepromazine maleate) have antiemetic as well as sedative effects. Cats have\nno histamine receptors in the CRTZ; therefore, antihistamines are ineffective\nin treating motion sickness in this species. Motion sickness in cats probably\nis best treated with an α-adrenergic antagonist (eg, chlorpromazine) instead\nof a pure H_1-histaminergic antagonist.\n\nMaropitant^^, an NK1 receptor antagonist, is effective in treating motion\nsickness in dogs. NK1 receptors are located in the emetic center of the brain\nstem, which is the source most responsible for the vomiting and nausea of\nmotion sickness. Blocking these receptors is more effective than inhibiting\nthe CRTZ. Therefore, maropitant is probably the drug of choice to treat motion\nsickness in dogs. Another benefit is that treatment is given once daily. The\ndrug is approved and available in tablet and injectable forms for use in dogs,\nwhile only the injectable form is approved for use in cats. Cats should be 16\nwk old and dogs 8 wk old before using maropitant.\n\nPhenobarbital and diazepam can be used to produce a general sedative effect if\nanxiety is a problem. Oral administration of one of these drugs several hours\nbefore departure should reduce or eliminate the signs of motion sickness.\n(Also see Drugs to Control or Stimulate Vomiting (Monogastric).)\n\n© 2020 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc.,\nKenilworth, NJ, USA)\n\nOverview of Meningitis, Encephalitis, and Encephalomyelitis\n\n#### Was This Page Helpful?\n\nNeoplasia of the Nervous System in Animals\n\nOthers also read\n\nOverview of Vomiting\n\nOverview of Health-Management Interaction: Small Animals\n\nManagement of Potbellied Pigs\n\n## Also of Interest\n\n## Videos\n\nView All\n\nVideo\n\nSulfur-induced polioencephalomalacia, steer\n\nSteer with sulfur-induced polioencephalomalacia. The steer is depressed,\nblind, does not have...\n\nVideo\n\nParoxysmal dyskinesia, dog\n\nOne form of paroxysmal dyskinesia. Note the lack of autonomic signs (lack of\nhypersalivation)...\n\n## SOCIAL MEDIA\n\nFollow\n\nFollow\n\nFollow\n\nFollow\n\nFollow\n\nAdd to Any Platform\n\n## Merck and the Merck Veterinary Manual\n\nMerck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA is a global healthcare leader working\nto help the world be well. From developing new therapies that treat and\nprevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving\nhealth and well-being around the world. The Merck Veterinary Manual was first\npublished in 1955 as a service to the community. The legacy of this great\nresource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the\nMSD Manual outside of North America.\n\n * About\n * Disclaimer\n * Permissions\n * Privacy\n * Terms of use\n * Licensing\n * Contact Us\n * Human Health Manuals\n * Print Editions\n * Mobile Apps\n\nThis site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\ninformation: verify here.\n\n© 2020 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc.,\nKenilworth, NJ, USA\n\nTOP\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.humanesociety.org:80/animals/resources/tips/packing_for_pets.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170923180951/http://www.humanesociety.org:80/animals/resources/tips/packing_for_pets.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Traveling with Your Pet: What to Pack and How to Prepare : The Humane Society of the United States", "passages": [ "A few basic supplies and some careful preparations are key to making your trip a safe and happy one for both you and your pet. Here are a few tips to make traveling safe and comfortable for your best pal.", "Don't forget your pet's food, food and water dishes, bedding, litter and litter box, leash, collar and tags, grooming supplies, a first-aid kit (for dogs or cats), and any necessary medications. Always have a container of drinking water with you—pets get thirsty!", "Also pack a few of your pet's favorite toys so she'll have something familiar to play with and remind her of home.", "Your pet should wear a sturdy collar with ID tags throughout the trip. The tags should have both your permanent address and telephone number and an address and telephone number where you or a contact can be reached during your travels.", "Carry a current photograph of your pet with you. If your pet is lost during a trip, a photograph will make it easier for others (airline employees, the police, shelter workers, and others) to help you find your pet.", "For safety's sake, your pet must stay in a carrier when traveling by car. Carriers and are mandatory when your pet is traveling by air.", "Your pet's carrier should be durable and smooth-edged with opaque sides, a grille door, and several ventilation holes on each of the four sides. Choose a carrier with a secure door and door latch.", "Because most cats are not as comfortable travelling in cars, for their own safety as well as yours, keep them in a carrier.", "Dog restraints or seatbelts are useful for preventing your dog from roaming around the car and being a distraction to the driver, but they haven't been reliably shown to protect dogs during a crash. Read more about car travel and pets »", "Because most cats are not as comfortable travelling in cars, for their own safety as well as yours, it is best to keep them in a carrier.", "It's important to restrain carriers in the car so that they don't bounce around and cause possible harm to the pet inside. You can do this by securing the seat belt around and over the front of the carrier.", "If your pet is traveling by air, the carrier should have food and water dishes. Airline-appropriate pet carriers are available at pet-supply stores, or you can purchase them directly from domestic airlines. Select a carrier that has enough room for your pet to sit and lie down but is not large enough to allow your pet to be tossed about during travel. You can make the carrier more comfortable by lining the interior with shredded newspaper, a towel, or a blanket.", "It is wise to acclimate your pet to the carrier in the months or weeks preceding your trip. Let your pet explore the carrier; place her food dish inside the carrier and confine her to the carrier for brief periods. Put her in the carrier and take short drives around the neighborhood. If properly introduced to car travel, most dogs and cats will quickly adjust to and even enjoy car trips. If your cat is afraid to go into her carrier, try our techniques for helping her become comfortable in it »", "Like humans, pets can experience motion sickness. Take along ice cubes, which are easier on your pet than large amounts of water. Keep feeding to a minimum during travel, and provide a light meal for your pet two to three hours before you leave (if traveling by car), or four to six hours before departure if traveling by air. Allow small amounts of water periodically in the hours before the trip.", "The HSUS^® is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions to The HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. The HSUS's tax identification number is 53-0225390.", "*Message and data rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out. We'll text you approximately once a month. Terms & Conditions/Privacy Policy" ] }, "parsed_md": "Traveling with Your Pet: What to Pack and How to Prepare : The Humane Society\nof the United States\n\n * Skip to nav\n * Skip to content\n\n * News\n * Video\n * Animals\n\n * Pets\n * Wild Neighbors\n * Animals A-Z\n * Our Care Centers\n * Our Work\n * Magazines\n * About Us\n * Ways to Give\n\nDONATE\n\nNovember 15, 2013\n\n# Traveling with Your Pet: What to Pack and How to Prepare\n\nBasic supplies and a little preparation will make travel easier and safer for\nyour pet\n\nA few basic supplies and some careful preparations are key to making your trip\na safe and happy one for both you and your pet. Here are a few tips to make\ntraveling safe and comfortable for your best pal.\n\n## Packing for your pet\n\n### Supplies your pet will need\n\nDon't forget your pet's food, food and water dishes, bedding, litter and\nlitter box, leash, collar and tags, grooming supplies, a first-aid kit (for\ndogs or cats), and any necessary medications. Always have a container of\ndrinking water with you—pets get thirsty!\n\nAlso pack a few of your pet's favorite toys so she'll have something familiar\nto play with and remind her of home.\n\n### Identification for your pet\n\nYour pet should wear a sturdy collar with ID tags throughout the trip. The\ntags should have both your permanent address and telephone number and an\naddress and telephone number where you or a contact can be reached during your\ntravels.\n\nCarry a current photograph of your pet with you. If your pet is lost during a\ntrip, a photograph will make it easier for others (airline employees, the\npolice, shelter workers, and others) to help you find your pet.\n\n### Your pet's travel carriers and harnesses\n\nFor safety's sake, your pet must stay in a carrier when traveling by car.\nCarriers and are mandatory when your pet is traveling by air.\n\nYour pet's carrier should be durable and smooth-edged with opaque sides, a\ngrille door, and several ventilation holes on each of the four sides. Choose a\ncarrier with a secure door and door latch.\n\nBecause most cats are not as comfortable travelling in cars, for their own\nsafety as well as yours, keep them in a carrier.\n\nDog restraints or seatbelts are useful for preventing your dog from roaming\naround the car and being a distraction to the driver, but they haven't been\nreliably shown to protect dogs during a crash. Read more about car travel and\npets »\n\nBecause most cats are not as comfortable travelling in cars, for their own\nsafety as well as yours, it is best to keep them in a carrier.\n\nIt's important to restrain carriers in the car so that they don't bounce\naround and cause possible harm to the pet inside. You can do this by securing\nthe seat belt around and over the front of the carrier.\n\nIf your pet is traveling by air, the carrier should have food and water\ndishes. Airline-appropriate pet carriers are available at pet-supply stores,\nor you can purchase them directly from domestic airlines. Select a carrier\nthat has enough room for your pet to sit and lie down but is not large enough\nto allow your pet to be tossed about during travel. You can make the carrier\nmore comfortable by lining the interior with shredded newspaper, a towel, or a\nblanket.\n\n## Preparing your pet\n\n### Help your pet get used to the carrier ahead of time\n\nIt is wise to acclimate your pet to the carrier in the months or weeks\npreceding your trip. Let your pet explore the carrier; place her food dish\ninside the carrier and confine her to the carrier for brief periods. Put her\nin the carrier and take short drives around the neighborhood. If properly\nintroduced to car travel, most dogs and cats will quickly adjust to and even\nenjoy car trips. If your cat is afraid to go into her carrier, try our\ntechniques for helping her become comfortable in it »\n\n### Help your pet avoid motion sickness\n\nLike humans, pets can experience motion sickness. Take along ice cubes, which\nare easier on your pet than large amounts of water. Keep feeding to a minimum\nduring travel, and provide a light meal for your pet two to three hours before\nyou leave (if traveling by car), or four to six hours before departure if\ntraveling by air. Allow small amounts of water periodically in the hours\nbefore the trip.\n\n * Donate\n\nYour donation helps us protect animals from abuse and neglect\n\nDonate\n\n * Sign Up\n * Take Action\n * Pledge to take your pets with you when disaster strikes Take action\n\n * Shop\n\n## Related Content\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### Traveling: Should your pet stay or go?\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### Travel safely with your pet by car, airplane, ship or train\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### Traveling with Your Pet to Hawaii, Canada, or Mexico\n\nView more related content\n\n## Looking for a pet?\n\nFind your perfect match at a local shelter.\n\nShelter Pet Project can help.\n\n * Home\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n * Contact Us\n * Newsroom\n\n### Get Connected\n\n * RSS Subscribe\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Pinterest\n * Google+\n * Tumblr\n\n### Sign Up for HSUS Email Alerts\n\n### Get HSUS Text Updates*\n\n### About Us\n\n * Wayne Pacelle’s Blog\n * Mission Statement\n * Our Policies\n * Our Leadership\n * Accomplishments\n * Annual Report\n * F.A.Q.\n * Careers\n\n### Affiliates\n\n * Fund for Animals\n * Humane Society International\n * Humane Society Veterinary Medical Association\n * Wildlife Land Trust\n\n### Help Animals\n\n * Report an Animal Emergency\n * Report an Animal Cruelty Crime\n * Reward and Tip Lines\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Resources for Law Enforcement\n * Shelters & Shelter Services\n * Volunteer with HSUS\n * 55 Ways to Help\n\n### Take Action\n\n * Act Now\n * Our Campaigns\n * State Legislation\n * Federal Legislation\n\n### Donate\n\n * Make a Monthly Donation\n * Make a One-Time Gift\n * Create a Legacy\n * Make a Leadership Gift\n * Fundraise for Animals\n * Make a Vehicle Donation\n * Contact Philanthropy\n * Other Ways to Give\n * Donations F.A.Q.\n\n### Membership\n\n * Become a Member\n * Explore All Animals Magazine\n * Manage My Online Account\n * Membership F.A.Q.\n\n© 2017 The Humane Society of the United States\n\nThe HSUS^® is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions\nto The HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. The HSUS's tax\nidentification number is 53-0225390.\n\n*Message and data rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out. We'll text you approximately once a month. Terms & Conditions/Privacy Policy\n\nX\n\n## HELP NOW\n\nAnimal rescuers from Humane Society International are on the ground helping\nanimals impacted by hurricanes Irma and Maria.\n\nHELP NOW: Provide relief to animals in areas affected by hurricanes Irma and\nMaria.\n\nMore ›\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://veterinarynews.dvm360.com:80/safe-travels-feline-patients", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191202235922/http://veterinarynews.dvm360.com:80/safe-travels-feline-patients", "parsed_text": { "title": "Safe travels for feline patients", "passages": [ "Instruct clients in the following steps to ensure that cats can go to the veterinary hospital safely and without distress.", "Put blankets and toys the cat likes in the carrier and to ensure that the crate is an everyday event. If cats learn to go into their crates daily for a treat, they will not fear them.", "© 2019 MultiMedia Animal Care LLC. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited. Please send any technical comments or questions to our webmasters." ] }, "parsed_md": "Safe travels for feline patients\n\n### Special Roles >>\n\n * Managers\n * Technicians\n * Team\n * Owners\n * Associates\n * Students\n * Feline\n * Equine\n * Exotics\n * Food Animal\n\nNews Center\n\nFeaturing Information from:\n\n* News\n* Top headlines\n* Recalls\n* Market trends\n* Medical news\n* Product news\n* Practice news\n* Education news\n* Regulatory news\n* Equine news\n* Association news\n* Politics\n* Law and ethics\n* dvm360 magazine\n\n * Current and past issues\n * Contact us\n\n## ADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Safe travels for feline patients\n\nInstruct clients in the following steps to ensure that cats can go to the\nveterinary hospital safely and without distress.\n\nJul 30, 2014\n\nBy dvm360.com staff\n\nDVM360 MAGAZINE\n\n>Put blankets and toys the cat likes in the carrier and to ensure that the\ncrate is an everyday event. If cats learn to go into their crates daily for a\ntreat, they will not fear them.\n\n>Once the cat is comfortable going into and staying in the carrier to nap, eat\nor play with a toy, close the door and allow the cat to stay there for\ngradually increasing periods of time. Ensure that the cat is never stressed or\ndistressed—and remind clients that a scared animal can see a closed crate as a\ntrap. As for each of these steps, reward cats verbally and with a food treat\nwhen calm, and then periodically when they stay calm.\n\n>When the cat is willing to enter and leave a crate upon verbal request and\ncan stay in a closed crate without distress, pick up the crate and carry it\naround. Put it down in different places and leave it for varying times. If you\ndo this gradually enough the cat should not be distressed. And if you want to\nknow if you are carrying the crate is way that is not dizzying or distressing\nto the cat, put a full glass of water on it. If it spills, you swung the\ncarrier—and the cat.\n\n>Finally, pick up and leave the carrier with a towel over it. Take the cat\nindoors and outdoors covered and uncovered, again working with the cat’s\ntolerance and distress levels. If the cat is worried, back off a bit and\ngradually work up to more active environments. Clients who know that their\ncats will see dogs and other cats at a veterinary hospital should be\nencouraged to use this opportunity to work with exposures to other animals if\nthere are no other animals at home.\n\n>If the cat must go into a car, the clients must teach the cats to go into the\ncar, and the crate must be secured in the car (seat belts, bungie cords,\nphysical blocks or supports). Clients should first learn how to secure the\ncrate without the cat in it. If the cat then is fine with all these steps the\nclients are good to go.\n\nIf clients have trouble with these steps—or staff have difficulty explaining\nthem—consider recommending a specialist in veterinary behavioral medicine, a\nbehavior consultant (iaabc.org) or a certified professional trainer who works\nwith cats (ccpdt.org). And remember that crate use can be clicker-trained.\nThis is a fun, underused technique that is ideal for shy, fearful or even less\nboisterous cats (wikihow.com, clickertraining.com).\n\n### Also in this package\n\n * Your complete guide to reducing fear in veterinary patients\n * Medications for fearful dogs and cats\n * References: Your complete guide to reducing fear in veterinary patients\n\n## Related links\n\n * Fear Free training&mdash;Live! Join the pet happiness revolution!\n * Fear may not have to be the cost of getting the job done\n * Keep calm and Fear Free on\n * Want to get started? Click here to learn how you (and your team) can become certified Fear Free.\n * Your complete guide to reducing fear in veterinary patients\n\n## Add new comment\n\n### Hot topics on dvm360\n\n#### Pet quiz: Are these lucky dog and cat cases real or fake?\n\n##### Nov 22, 2019\n\n#### Clearing up cannabis confusion for veterinary professionals\n\n##### Nov 11, 2019\n\n#### The trauma phenomenon in veterinary medicine: A dvm360 leadership\nchallenge\n\n##### Nov 02, 2019\n\n#### Support your local veterinary girl gang\n\n##### Oct 28, 2019\n\n#### A dog was euthanized so it could be buried with its owner. You responded\nen masse.\n\n##### Oct 09, 2019\n\n|More|\n\n## ADVERTISEMENT\n\n## ADVERTISEMENT\n\n * dvm360.com\n * Subscribe\n * E-mail newsletters\n * Leadership Challenges\n * Toolkits\n * Products\n * Data Center\n * CE Center\n * Vet Confessionals Project\n * dvm360 magazine\n * Vetted\n * Firstline\n * Veterinary Medicine\n * Veterinary Economics\n * Follow us\n * Contact us\n\n * News\n * Breaking news\n * Recalls\n * Product news\n * Association news\n * Politics\n * Regulatory news\n * Medical news\n * Practice news\n * Photo galleries\n * Videos\n\n * Medicine\n * Essentials\n * Clinical video\n * Image quizzes\n * Behavior\n * Dentistry\n * Dermatology\n * Equine medicine\n * Feline medicine\n * Internal medicine\n * Low-stress visits\n * Nutrition\n * Parasitology\n * Surgery\n\n * Business\n * Practice finances\n * Personnel\n * Client relations\n * Leadership\n * Revenue\n * Posts and tweets\n * Market data\n * BizQuizzes\n * Hospital design\n * \\- Conference\n * \\- Competition\n * \\- Galleries\n * \\- Floor plans\n * \\- Design toolkit\n\n * Team\n * Working with clients\n * Working with the team\n * Working with doctors\n * Working on yourself\n * Audio and video\n * Forms\n * Cartoons\n * Fun Center\n * Team Meeting in a Box\n * Front Desk Disasters\n * Back Office Blunders\n * Coffee on the Couch\n\n * Fetch\n * Fetch dates\n * Fetch Baltimore\n * Fetch Kansas City\n * Hospital Design Conference\n * Fetch San Diego\n * Exhibitors\n * Info packet\n * E-mail alerts\n * Veterinary CE Center\n * Calendar of Veterinary Events\n\n * Home\n * Contact Us\n * About dvm360\n * Disclaimer\n * Meeting Calendar\n * Site Map\n * Privacy Policy\n * Term Of Use\n\n© 2019 MultiMedia Animal Care LLC. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole\nor in part is prohibited. Please send any technical comments or questions to\nour webmasters.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.feliway.com:80/uk/What-causes-cat-stress-or-anxiety/Traveling-with-a-cat-in-a-cat-carrier", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170802211612/http://www.feliway.com:80/uk/What-causes-cat-stress-or-anxiety/Traveling-with-a-cat-in-a-cat-carrier", "parsed_text": { "title": "Traveling with a cat in a cat carrier", "passages": [ "Taking your cat out of the house, whether on a fun vacation or perhaps for a visit to the vet can be made much easier with the use of clinically proven FELIWAY.", "Just a few sprays of FELIWAY inside the cat carrier and your cat will feel more relaxed and make your travels together a more pleasant experience.", "Ideally do not feed your cat for at least 6 hours before leaving, to avoid nausea that can cause vomiting", "For extended trips remember to plug in a FELIWAY Diffuser in your destination or home to help your cat cope with the new home, and then again when back at home to ease your cat’s return.", "Using a FELIWAY Diffuser will also help the other cats in your household to re-adjust to the change, as a trip outside the home will have reduced the competition for resources for other cats and increase it with the re- introduction.", "For more information on travelling go to ICC (International Cat Care) traveling with a cat. See also ICC advice on how to choose and use a cat carrier.", "We have teamed up with Yummypets to create the Happy Cat Wall of Fame and you're invited to be part of our cat loving community and a chance to win weekly prizes!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Traveling with a cat in a cat carrier\n\nUnited Kingdom\n\n * Australia\n * Belgique (FR)\n * België (NL)\n * Brazil\n * България\n * Canada (EN)\n * Česká republika\n * Danmark\n * France\n * Deutschland\n * Greek\n * Magyarország\n * Italia\n * México\n * Nederland\n * New Zealand\n * Polska\n * Portugal\n * România\n * Россия\n * España\n * Sverige\n * United States\n\n * Other CEVA web sites\n\n# cat TRAVEL\n\nTaking your cat out of the house, whether on a fun vacation or perhaps for a\nvisit to the vet can be made much easier with the use of clinically proven\nFELIWAY.\n\nVets use FELIWAY in their practices and recommend FELIWAY for travel.\n\nJust a few sprays of FELIWAY inside the cat carrier and your cat will feel\nmore relaxed and make your travels together a more pleasant experience.\n\nThe above video advice from our veterinary advisor on travelling with your\ncat.\n\n## MAKE TRAVELING WITH A CAT EASY\n\n1.\n\nMake your cat familiar with his/her carrier by leaving it open and accessible\nsome time before traveling.\n\n2.\n\nIdeally do not feed your cat for at least 6 hours before leaving, to avoid\nnausea that can cause vomiting\n\n3.\n\nUse FELIWAY at least 15 minutes before putting the cat inside the cat carrier.\n\n4.\n\nSpray inside the cat carrier. One spray in each corner and two sprays on the\nfloor and ceiling.\n\n5.\n\nFor extended trips remember to plug in a FELIWAY Diffuser in your destination\nor home to help your cat cope with the new home, and then again when back at\nhome to ease your cat’s return.\n\nUsing a FELIWAY Diffuser will also help the other cats in your household to\nre-adjust to the change, as a trip outside the home will have reduced the\ncompetition for resources for other cats and increase it with the re-\nintroduction.\n\nFELIWAY keeps your household calm and happy.\n\nFor more information on travelling go to ICC (International Cat Care)\ntraveling with a cat. See also ICC advice on how to choose and use a cat\ncarrier.\n\n## WE RECOMMEND: Feliway Spray\n\nThe spray helps prevent issues like scratching and spraying, and makes travel\nand visiting the vet less stressful. Simply...\n\nMore information\n\n## Testimonials\n\n### spray\n\nHe is a lovely cat but has always hated travelling by car, even for short\ndistances.\n\nRead more >\n\n### If you're happy and you know it, say MEOW!\n\nWe have teamed up with Yummypets to create the Happy Cat Wall of Fame and\nyou're invited to be part of our cat loving community and a chance to win\nweekly prizes!\n\nFind Out Now\n\n#### Reminder\n\nDo you buy Feliway Diffuser regularly ?\n\nBUY FELIWAY\n\nFIND MORE about Feliway on Facebook. Join us.\n\n(c) CEVA 2017\n\n * Newsletter\n * Remind me to buy Feliway\n * Contact us\n * Glossary\n * Legal notice\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Youtube\n\nSitemap\n\nDo not show this again\n\nWe use cookies on our websites to ensure you get the best experience.\n\nBy using our websites, you accept the use of cookies.\n\n" } ]
4,478,826
How To Make a Candy Stripe Friendship Bracelet
To make a candy stripe friendship bracelet, you’ll need at least 2 different colors of embroidery thread, which you can find at your local craft store or in the craft section of Walmart or Target. Start by cutting 2 strings to 65 inches long. Once you’ve cut them, fold each string in half, and tie a ¼ inch loop at the top, which will be the base for your bracelet. Tape the loop of the strings to a clipboard to hold them in place as you work. Arrange your strings from 1-4, so the colors are alternating. For example, if you’re using purple and white, arrange the strings purple, white, purple, white. To start weaving, loop string 1 over string 2, then pull tight to form a knot. Once you’ve done this, pick up string 1 again and make a knot on string 3, and then on string 4. Then, start with string 2, which should be the leftmost string now, and repeat this process of knotting the leftmost string across the other strings. Once the bracelet is long enough to fit around your wrist, knot the loose end to secure it.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20170704181201/http://artlandia.com/wonderland/glossary/Ombre.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210607045909/https://www.buzzfeed.com/mackenziekruvant/15-summer-camp-style-friendship-bracelets-you-can-make-right", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210128051127/https://www.textileglossary.com/terms/ombre.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200229053735/http://friendship-bracelets.net:80/tutorial.php?id=12", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506140145/http://life.hackaday.com/use-nail-polish-to-keep-button-threads-from-fraying/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200209033139/http://friendship-bracelets.net:80/pattern.php?id=1", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200714143749/http://fene4ki.ru:80/en/how-to-make-a-candy-stripe-bracelet.html" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "http://artlandia.com/wonderland/glossary/Ombre.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170704181201/http://artlandia.com/wonderland/glossary/Ombre.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ombre", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Ombre\n\n * Products\n * Store\n * News\n * Company\n * Resources\n * Your Account\n\n0 items\n\n * SymmetryWorks\n * SymmetryShop\n * SymmetryMill\n * LivePresets\n * All Products\n\n * SymmetryWorks\n * SymmetryShop\n * SymmetryMill\n * LivePresets\n * All Products\n\n * About\n * Blog\n * Contact\n * Connect\n\n * Pattern Resources\n * Pattern Glossary\n * Pattern Central\n * Tech Support\n\nProducts\n\n * SymmetryWorks The gold standard of vector patterns\n * SymmetryShop Sophisticated organic paterns in minutes\n * SymmetryMill Pattern design for the rest of us\n * All products Compare plug-ins\n\nPurchase\n\n * SymmetryWorks\n * SymmetryShop\n * SymmetryMill\n * All products\n\nQuestions?\n\n * Ask right here...\n\nCompany\n\n * News\n * Contact us\n * About Artlandia\n * Blog\n * Connect with community\n\nResources\n\n * Pattern Resources\n * Pattern Glossary\n * Pattern Central\n * Tech support\n\nAbout SymmetryWorks\n\nMain Features\n\nNew in Version 6\n\nPattern Sampler\n\nSolutions\n\nUser Comments\n\nBuy Now\n\nAbout SymmetryMill\n\nSymmetryMill Tutorials\n\nAbout SymmetryShop\n\nCompare Plug-ins\n\nPattern Resources\n\nPattern Glossary\n\nPattern Central\n\nAsk a question\n\nEmail this page\n\nSubscribe to Artlandia news:\n\nFollow @symmetrystream\n\n# Ombre\n\n« Previous (Ogee Pattern) | Next (One-directional Pattern) »\n\nA shaded effect with gradual changes from dark to light in value, and open to\nclosed in coverage.\n\nExample(s) of Ombre\n\nOmbre designs created with Artlandia SymmetryWorks.\n\nAn ombre pattern design created in Artlandia SymmetryMill. See how » Credits »\n\nSee also:\n\n * Create repeating patterns in SymmetryMill (FREE) »\n * More examples of ombre patterns »\n * Meller and Elffers, 1991 »\n * Creating stencil designs »\n * Creating vinyl and linoleum designs »\n * More about creating repeating patterns »\n * More solutions for pattern design »\n * Purchase SymmetryWorks »\n * Subscribe to SymmetryMill »\n\n« Other pattern design terms | About SymmetryMill | About SymmetryWorks »\n\n * SymmetryWorks The gold standard of vector patterns\n * SymmetryShop Sophisticated organic paterns in minutes\n * SymmetryMill Pattern design for the rest of us\n\n * Ask a question\n\nEmail this page\n\n * Subscribe to Artlandia news:\n\nSign in\n\nContact\n\nSupport\n\nSite map\n\n© 2017 Artlandia, Inc. All rights reserved. | Terms\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.buzzfeed.com/mackenziekruvant/15-summer-camp-style-friendship-bracelets-you-can-make-right", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210607045909/https://www.buzzfeed.com/mackenziekruvant/15-summer-camp-style-friendship-bracelets-you-can-make-right", "parsed_text": { "title": "15 \"Summer Camp Style\" Friendship Bracelets You Can Make Right Now", "passages": [ "The polka dot bracelet is great for a small pop of color. A step by step guide can be found here.", "If the chevron option is too thick, try the skinny version. Better yet, mix and match them. The DIY guide can be found here." ] }, "parsed_md": "15 \"Summer Camp Style\" Friendship Bracelets You Can Make Right Now\n\nSkip To Content\n\non\n\nSign In\n\n© 2021 BuzzFeed, Inc\n\nCalifornia residents can opt out of \"sales\" of personal data.\n\nPosted on Jun 17, 2013\n\n# 15 \"Summer Camp Style\" Friendship Bracelets You Can Make Right Now\n\nA DIY guide to the original arm party.\n\nby Mackenzie Kruvant\n\nBuzzFeed Staff\n\n## 1\\. The Double Wave\n\nthatsanewday.blogspot.com\n\nThe double wave is a beautiful choice for a summer at the beach. The tutorial\ncan be found here.\n\n## 2\\. The Hearts\n\nhonestlywtf.com\n\nWant to wear your heart on your sleeve? Learn how to make this adorable\nbracelet here.\n\n## 3\\. The Knotted\n\nthe-red-kitchen.com\n\nA guide for this classic look can be found here.\n\n## 4\\. The Beaded\n\nblogalacart.com\n\nThis one just happens to be super easy. Check out the instructions here.\n\n## 5\\. The Painted Rainbow\n\nstarsforstreetlights.com\n\nEasily customize these leather bracelets. The tutorial can be found here.\n\n## 6\\. The Braided Bead\n\nhonestlywtf.com\n\nHere's a bracelet that looks legitimately store-bought. Tutorial can be found\nhere.\n\n## 7\\. Summer Camp Chevron\n\nhonestlywtf.com\n\nThis chevron style will bring back memories of rainy days at camp. A DIY guide\ncan be found here.\n\n## 8\\. The Polka Dot\n\nblog.freepeople.com\n\nThe polka dot bracelet is great for a small pop of color. A step by step guide\ncan be found here.\n\n## 9\\. The Checkers\n\nrefinery29.com\n\nAdd a little shimmer to your arm party with the checkered look. Instructions\ncan be found here.\n\n## 10\\. The Skinny Chevron\n\nohsoprettythediaries.com\n\nIf the chevron option is too thick, try the skinny version. Better yet, mix\nand match them. The DIY guide can be found here.\n\n## 11\\. The Fishtail\n\nstripesandsequins.com\n\nA DIY guide can be found here.\n\n## 12\\. The Embellished\n\nhonestlywtf.com\n\nUpdate your old jewelry by incorporating them into your friendship bracelets.\nThe tutorial can be found here.\n\n## 13\\. The Diamond\n\npurlbee.com\n\nDiamonds are forever with this bracelet. Grab the instructions here.\n\n## 14\\. The Simple Braid\n\nthe-red-kitchen.com\n\nThe original braid is an oldie but goodie. The guide can be found here.\n\n## 15\\. The Camp Mary Atkinson\n\nforthemakers.com\n\nThese embellished bracelets are a great modern twist on the classic design. An\neasy tutorial can be found here.\n\n## Want more great DIY crafting tips? Sign up for the BuzzFeed DIY newsletter!\n\n## Share This Article\n\n## Want awesome DIY tips in your inbox three times a week? Sign up for the\nBuzzFeed DIY newsletter!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.textileglossary.com/terms/ombre.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210128051127/https://www.textileglossary.com/terms/ombre.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Definition & Explanation @ TextileGlossary.com", "passages": [ "A term used to describe fabrics with a dyed, printed or woven design in which the colour is graduated from light to dark and often into stripes of varying shades.", "Refers to a gradual change in shade from light to dark or from one color to another. May be done as a yarn dye or in printing.", "A color effect woven into the fabric that has gradual changes in shade from light to dark, generally produced by arranging different tones in the warp.", "A fabric woven with shades of one color from light to dark in the warp, usually creating a striped effect.", "A strong, durable fabric with cotton ground and vertical cut-pile stripes (wales) formed by an extra system of filling yarns. The foundation of the fabric can be either a plain or twill weave. Of all...", "Specified by design, size, color, and type---such as brass, melamine, or pearl, buttons are either shanked (attached by passing threads through the shank's eye) or holed (attached by passing threads...", "A mechanical treatment that uses beetlers or fallers to give fabric surfaces a flattened appearance. The spaces between warp and filling are covered up and tend to produce a high gloss to the...", "A lightweight or heavy open-construction fabric made byknotting ortwistingyarns together, thereby forminggeometric patterns such assquares orhexagons.Ranges in weight from very sheer to very heavy...", "A non-conductive polymeric material which can maintain a long-lived electrostatic charge. Polypropylene electret filtration fabrics conveniently combine the mechanical removal of particles with an...", "If you manufacture, distribute or otherwise deal in Ombre, please fill your company details below so that we can list our company for FREE!" ] }, "parsed_md": "What is \"Ombre\" - Definition & Explanation @ TextileGlossary.com\n\n# TextileGlossary.com\n\n## What is \"Ombre\" - Definition & Explanation\n\nA term used to describe fabrics with a dyed, printed or woven design in which\nthe colour is graduated from light to dark and often into stripes of varying\nshades.\n\nRefers to a gradual change in shade from light to dark or from one color to\nanother. May be done as a yarn dye or in printing.\n\nA color effect woven into the fabric that has gradual changes in shade from\nlight to dark, generally produced by arranging different tones in the warp.\n\nA fabric woven with shades of one color from light to dark in the warp,\nusually creating a striped effect.\n\nUsually a multicolored stripe, with colors graduating from light to dark.\n\nA French Term Meaning Shaded. It Is Used In Relation To Textiles (a) As An\nAdjective To Describe Fabrics With A Dyed, Printed, Or Woven Design In Which\nThe Colour Is Graduated From Light To Dark And Often Into Stripes Of Varying\nShades: And (b) As A Noun, Meaning (i) Shaded Or (ii) A Fabric With Shaded\nDesign.\n\n## Some other terms\n\n## Some more terms:\n\nCorduroy\n\nA strong, durable fabric with cotton ground and vertical cut-pile stripes\n(wales) formed by an extra system of filling yarns. The foundation of the\nfabric can be either a plain or twill weave. Of all...\n\nButtons\n\nSpecified by design, size, color, and type---such as brass, melamine, or\npearl, buttons are either shanked (attached by passing threads through the\nshank's eye) or holed (attached by passing threads...\n\nBeetling\n\nA mechanical treatment that uses beetlers or fallers to give fabric surfaces a\nflattened appearance. The spaces between warp and filling are covered up and\ntend to produce a high gloss to the...\n\nNetting\n\nA lightweight or heavy open-construction fabric made byknotting\nortwistingyarns together, thereby forminggeometric patterns such assquares\norhexagons.Ranges in weight from very sheer to very heavy...\n\nElectret\n\nA non-conductive polymeric material which can maintain a long-lived\nelectrostatic charge. Polypropylene electret filtration fabrics conveniently\ncombine the mechanical removal of particles with an...\n\n## Companies for Ombre:\n\nIf you manufacture, distribute or otherwise deal in Ombre, please fill your\ncompany details below so that we can list our company for FREE!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://friendship-bracelets.net:80/tutorial.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200229053735/http://friendship-bracelets.net:80/tutorial.php?id=12", "parsed_text": { "title": "friendship-bracelets.net", "passages": [ "There is a tutorial on how to make this bracelet called \"Mulit colored Candy Stripe\". Click here to go to the tutorial." ] }, "parsed_md": "Tutorial - friendship-bracelets.net\n\nFRIENDSHIP-BRACELETS.NET\n\n# $1101\n\nwas donated \n \n--- \n \n * Home\n * Patterns\n * Generate\n * Tutorials\n * Gallery\n * Videos\n * Links\n * Guestbook\n * Forum\n * Log in\n\n * Back to tutorials\n * Photos\n * Edit tutorial\n\n# (( Beginner Tutorial )) How to Make the Candy Stripe Bracelet\n\nThis tutorial is dedicated to pattern #1.\n\nTable of contents \n--- \n1\\. Introduction 2. Prepare Strings 3. Tie the Bracelet 3.1. Step 1 3.2. Step\n2 3.3. Step 3 3.4. Step 4 3.5. Step 5 4. Alternative tutorial 1: Using 4\nstrings 4.1. Step 1 4.2. Step 2 4.3. Step 3 4.4. Step 4 4.5. Step 5 5.\nAlternative 2: Candy stripe with 6 strings 6. Alternative 3: 7. Alternative 4\nby turtles004 8. Videos \n \n# Introduction\n\nThis tutorial is supposed to teach you how to tie normal pattern #1, the\nstriped and easiest one. If you want a printer-friendly version in PDF, click\nhere.\n\n# Prepare Strings\n\nTo make this bracelet, you will need yarn or embroidery thread in different\ncolors. In this example I've used 8 strings. The length should be about 65\" if\nyou fold the strings in half. If not, then 30\". Above you see a solution for\nstarting.\n\n# Tie the Bracelet\n\n## Step 1\n\nStart with the string on the left. Make a forward knot as the picture shows,\nand tighten it.\n\n## Step 2\n\nIf you've done it right, it will look like this.\n\n## Step 3\n\nContinue to make forward knots with the same string on the next string in\nline. Do so on every string until you've made one row.\n\n## Step 4\n\nNow you take the string out on the left again, and do the exact same thing as\nin steps 1 to 3.\n\n## Step 5\n\nAfter two rows it looks like this. Go back to step 1 and continue like that in\nthe same way until the bracelet is long enough.\n\n# Alternative tutorial 1: Using 4 strings\n\n## Step 1\n\nCut two strings of different color, about 65\" long each. Next fold them in\nhalf to make about a 1/4 inch loop at the top. Arrange your strings like this:\n1234. Let's say color one is strings 1 and 3, and color 2 is strings 2 and 4.\n\n## Step 2\n\nTie a FK (forward knot) with string 1 over 2, 3 and 4. Now the strings will be\nin the order 2341.\n\n## Step 3\n\nTie a FK with string 2 over 3, 4 and 1. The strings will be ordered 3412 after\nthis step.\n\n## Step 4\n\nTie a FK with string 3 over 4, 1 and 2. Your strings will now be arranged as\n4123.\n\n## Step 5\n\nTie a FK with your string 4 over strings 1, 2 and 3. Your strings should now\nbe in the same order as you started.\n\nRepeat steps 2 to 5 until the bracelet is long enough.\n\n# Alternative 2: Candy stripe with 6 strings\n\nBracelet: Diagonal/Candy Stripe. Difficulty: Very Easy. Looks good with: Any\nnumber of strings (6+ looks best). What you need: 6 strings, all different\ncolors. Strings should be 2 - 2.5 feet. (24-30 in.) This tutorial will teach\nwith: 6 strings, 6 different colors. You need to know how to do: Forward Knots\n(f/k). REMEMBER: TIE DOUBLE KNOTS! It helps that you know how to make the: The\nDiagonal/Candy Stripe on this website. Other Info: This is the basic\nfriendship bracelet and is very quick to make.\n\nStep 1. Lay your strings out in this order: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue,\nPurple. (Or your colors)\n\nStep 2. Tie a f/k with the red string on orange. Then tie anther F/K with red\non yellow. Repeat this until red has been tied all the way across the other\nstrings. Remember to tie double knots. Now red should be on the right side of\nyour strings.\n\nStep 3. Tie a f/k with orange on yellow. Repeat this until orange has tied all\nthe way across your strings (including the red string) This should make the\norder of strings: Yellow, Green, Blue, Purple, Red, Orange. Repeat these steps\nwith the other strings until the bracelet is as long as you like. This is the\nbasic friendship bracelet. I hope it works for you! Comment if you have any\nquestions, concerns, quibbles or comments. I'll be glad to help you! Send me a\nprivate message to user \"monkshood\". Thanks! Please comment! Here are some\nlinks to my Diagonal/Candy Stripes:\n\nMy 5 stringed Sweets Candy Stripe.\n\nMy 8 stringed Rainbow Candy Stripe.\n\nMy 4 stringed Lime Water Candy Stripe.\n\nKallum.\n\n# Alternative 3:\n\nYou need any amount of strings (6 looks best) that are all different colors.\nNumber 123456. Step 1. Take string 1 and make a foward knot on string 2. Now\nthe order is 213456. Step 2. Take string 1 and make a foward knot with string\n3. Now the order is 231456. Step 3. Keep doing that with string 4,5,and 6 so\nthat string 1 is last. Now the order is 234561. Step 4. Repeat step 1 - 3 with\nstring 2. When you're done with that, do all the other strings. That's how you\nmake the bracelet!\n\n# Alternative 4 by turtles004\n\nHow to make a rainbow colored candy striped friendship bracelet\n\n1=red 2=orange 3=yellow 4=green 5=blue 6=purple\n\nStep 1:You start with embroidery floss. Set it up like 123456123456. When you\nare starting the bracelet it will look like this\n\nStep 2:So what you do is take the to reds and make a forward knot then take\nthe red that you just did a forward knot with and make a forward knot onto the\norange then another forward knot with the red onto the yellow then make a\nforward knot with the red onto the rest of the colors.\n\nStep 3:Now you take the orange and make a forward knot on the yellow,\ngreen,blue,purple,red,orange,yellow,green,blue, and the purple.\n\nStep 4:You keep on making forward knots on the colors with the first string on\nthe left\n\n# Videos\n\n[p]Thanks to Stefan for this video.\n\n# Editors\n\nThe original author of this tutorial is Stefan, but it has also been edited by\nFoz, Jeckle, Sareana, WiccanMama, AdiK, HarleyMama23, gracebri, Kestrel,\nAlicat, K4yk4y101, Kair5, mysterytour and Masha_Knots. The tutorial was last\nupdated 8 months ago.\n\n# Your rating\n\nYour browser does not accept javascript, sorry!\n\n# Uploaded photos (see all 124)\n\nClick here to upload photos of your work!\n\n# Comments\n\nNeed JavaScript enabled to view this commenting tool.\n\n * © Steffe 2006-2020\n * Top\n * Translate\n * Report\n * Search\n * TOU\n * FAQ\n * Stats\n * Updates\n * About\n * Donate\n * Contact\n * Admins\n * Login\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://life.hackaday.com/use-nail-polish-to-keep-button-threads-from-fraying/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506140145/http://life.hackaday.com/use-nail-polish-to-keep-button-threads-from-fraying/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Use Nail Polish to Keep Button Threads from Fraying", "passages": [ "We’ve all been there: bought a great looking new shirt, wore it a couple times, then noticed the threads on some of the buttons are starting to unravel. Curses!", "Of course, removing the buttons and resewing them is an option, but finding a matching thread color may be impossible. Instead of that headache, just use a coat of clear nail polish to seal the thread in place and halt the unraveling. Be sure to carefully remove any loose strands before applying the polish.", "A drop of cyanoacrylate (crazy glue) has worked well for me. It basically binds all the threads together but just on the outside so the flexibility is still there for the button to function properly. I have never lost a button after dabbing them with just a tiny bit of the glue after trimming away the loose end of thread (never pull on the loose thread or you will definitely be sewing the button back on!). Thanks for the article and the opportunity to add to it." ] }, "parsed_md": "Use Nail Polish to Keep Button Threads from Fraying\n\n# Use Nail Polish to Keep Button Threads from Fraying\n\nDavid Allen July 20, 2013 life hacks\n\nWe’ve all been there: bought a great looking new shirt, wore it a couple\ntimes, then noticed the threads on some of the buttons are starting to\nunravel. Curses!\n\nOf course, removing the buttons and resewing them is an option, but finding a\nmatching thread color may be impossible. Instead of that headache, just use a\ncoat of clear nail polish to seal the thread in place and halt the unraveling.\nBe sure to carefully remove any loose strands before applying the polish.\n\nThanks to Redditor c0bracommander for this great suggestion from the pages of\nLife Pro Tips!\n\nclothing nail polish\n\nDid you like this article? Share it with your friends!\n\nTweet\n\n### One Response to \"Use Nail Polish to Keep Button Threads from Fraying\"\n\n 1. Greg says:\n\nJuly 21, 2013 at 12:21 am\n\nA drop of cyanoacrylate (crazy glue) has worked well for me. It basically\nbinds all the threads together but just on the outside so the flexibility is\nstill there for the button to function properly. I have never lost a button\nafter dabbing them with just a tiny bit of the glue after trimming away the\nloose end of thread (never pull on the loose thread or you will definitely be\nsewing the button back on!). Thanks for the article and the opportunity to add\nto it.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Categories\n\n### Recent Comments\n\n * Johan G on A physical mute button for all your devices\n * Nw on End Of Life\n * ken on End Of Life\n * Faithful Reader on End Of Life\n * Andy Goth on End Of Life\n\n### What is happening at Hackaday\n\n * The Keyboard You Really Don’t Need Or Want\n\nMost people think of a keyboard as a flat, vaguely rectangular thing with\naround [...]\n\n * VME Reverse Engineering\n\nWith some free time on his hands waiting for delayed parts to arrive, [Rik]\nset [...]\n\n * Learn Engineering Concepts With Some Cool Animations\n\nAll feats of engineering build on a proper understanding of the basic\nengineerin [...]\n\n * A Wireless Speaker Pair From Dead Earbuds\n\nBuilding a Bluetooth speaker is easy with the availability of cheap Bluetooth\nre [...]\n\n * A DIY Enclosed Motorcycle To Keep You Dry In The Rain\n\nMotorcyclist’s vulnerability to bodily harm and weather has spawned several\nencl [...]\n\n * Using Docker to Sail Through Open-Source Xilinx FPGA Development\n\nUntil a few years ago, developing for FPGAs required the use of proprietary\nlock [...]\n\n * Julius Sumner Miller Made Physics Fun for Everyone\n\nLet’s face it — for the average person, math and formulas are not the most\nattra [...]\n\n### At Hackaday right now\n\n * Learn Engineering Concepts With Some Cool Animations\n * A Wireless Speaker Pair From Dead Earbuds\n * A DIY Enclosed Motorcycle To Keep You Dry In The Rain\n * Using Docker to Sail Through Open-Source Xilinx FPGA Development\n * Julius Sumner Miller Made Physics Fun for Everyone\n\n### at HANDMADE. right now\n\n * You will be assimilated\n * Tools and talent for custom platinum jewelry\n * Building a bike for 100 miles per hour\n * Leather wallet making involves more than you think\n * Interviews with the Hand-Makers\n\nHackaday, Hack A Day, and the Skull and Wrenches Logo are Trademarks of\nHackaday.com\n\nTerms of Use and Privacy Policies\n\n© 2021 LIFE.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://friendship-bracelets.net:80/pattern.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200209033139/http://friendship-bracelets.net:80/pattern.php?id=1", "parsed_text": { "title": "Candy Stripe Friendship Bracelet. Friendship Bracelets. Bracelet Patterns. How to make bracelets", "passages": [ "1. Tie the strings in a knot and stick them to a table or attach them to your jeans with a safety pin. Take the first red string and make two knots on the next red one. This knot is called a forward knot.", "2. Continue making forward knots on the rest of the strings with the first red one. Next, take the second red string and make the same knots until you reach the end again.", "3. Keep tying forward knots from left to right with the other strings. So you get two rows of red knots, two of black and two of white, etc.", "4. This bracelet is pretty simple to make. After you finish, make a braid with a knot at the end.", "alpha bracelets | kumihimo | normal bracelets | multicolor alpha bracelets | kumihimo pattern maker | friendship bracelets | basic knots | how to start/finish bracelets | site map" ] }, "parsed_md": "#1 - friendship-bracelets.net\n\nFRIENDSHIP-BRACELETS.NET\n\n# $1101\n\nwas donated \n \n--- \n \n * Home\n * Patterns\n * Generate\n * Tutorials\n * Gallery\n * Videos\n * Links\n * Guestbook\n * Forum\n * Log in\n\n * Share\n * Gray\n * Random\n * Next\n * Similar\n\n# Tutorial on how to make this bracelet\n\nThere is a tutorial on how to make this bracelet called \"Mulit colored Candy\nStripe\". Click here to go to the tutorial.\n\n# Video on how to make this bracelet\n\nThere is a video on how to make this bracelet! Click here to go to the video.\n\n# Pattern #1\n\n# Knot instructions\n\nInfo| Keywords \n---|--- \n \n * Added by: Stefan\n * When: [time ago not available]\n * Strings: 8\n * Rows: 8\n * Colors: 2\n * Views: 7880\n * Photos: 1346\n * Rating: 4.6\n\n| stripes, diagonal, candy, lines, candystripe \nDescription \nNo description available. \nPermalink \nhttp://friendship-bracelets.net/1 \nSimilar patterns| Photos| Tutorials & videos \n---|---|--- \n \nShow all (24)\n\n| How to tie pattern #1 How to tie pattern #1 (( Bracelets )) Multi-Colored\nCandy Stripe - Pattern #1 (( Embellishments )) Friendship Bracelet with gold\nchain (( Beginner Tutorial )) How to Make the Candy Stripe Bracelet \nUpload photos \n \n# Your rating\n\nYour browser does not accept javascript, sorry!\n\n# Comments\n\nNeed JavaScript enabled to view this commenting tool.\n\n * © Steffe 2006-2020\n * Top\n * Translate\n * Report\n * Search\n * TOU\n * FAQ\n * Stats\n * Updates\n * About\n * Donate\n * Contact\n * Admins\n * Login\n\n" } ]
1,333,932
How To Get Your Crush to Like You (for Kids)
Although there is no guaranteed way to get your crush to like you back, there are things you can do to get them to notice you and get to know each other better. Try to be outgoing when your crush is around so that they notice you as a happy and approachable person. Be positive, friendly, and laugh a lot so that you look like someone that’s fun to be around. Once you’ve gotten the attention of your crush, start talking! Get to know them by asking them questions about their life. Find out the sort of books, music, and sports they are interested in. Look for a common interest that you both share. This gives you conversation material and possibly some ideas of things you can do together. Try to spend some time together once you’ve gotten to know each other. You can hang out either in a group or just the two of you.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201025180303/https://www.cosmopolitan.com/sex-love/advice/g3090/attract-a-crush/?slide=5", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211027065857/https://www.herinterest.com/how-to-get-your-crush-to-like-you/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518132832/https://www.lovepanky.com/flirting-flings/get-flirty/how-to-get-your-crush-to-notice-you-and-like-you-back" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.cosmopolitan.com/sex-love/advice/g3090/attract-a-crush/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201025180303/https://www.cosmopolitan.com/sex-love/advice/g3090/attract-a-crush/?slide=5", "parsed_text": { "title": "Tips for Getting Out of the Friend Zone", "passages": [ "Can't crack your crush? If your dream guy/co-worker/guy friend still can't see you for the sexy minx you are, consider the following eight tips to turn things around, courtesy of Matchmaker Cafe founder Nancy Slotnick. Fingers crossed, you'll be out of th", "Can't crack your crush? If your dream guy/co-worker/guy friend still can't see you for the sexy minx you are, consider the following eight tips to turn things around, courtesy of Matchmaker Cafe founder Nancy Slotnick. Fingers crossed, you'll be out of the cursed friend zone ASAP.", "Before you start pawing him, \"touch your own body, like your collarbone if you have a necklace on, or your finger to your lips,\" Slotnick suggests. These are subtle flirty body language moves that show an openness and sensuality, establishing you as a sexual being.", "Sex up what you're wearing, says Slotnick. No one's suggesting you bust out fishnets and a garter belt or anything, but some dipping necklines, bare shoulders, skinny jeans, bright lipstick, or whatever you feel sexiest in, couldn't hurt when you're around him.", "\"Communicate with your eyes,\" says Slotnick. \"Have short, direct eye contact, but then look away, as if it's a game of tag.\" Slotnick also says to not \"be afraid to face him and look him in the eye.\" Also: \"A certain raised eyebrow with it can be very sexy.\"", "Waiting around for your crush to notice you doesn't always pay-off. \"Sometimes if you have a hook-up or a fling who isn't him, it makes you exude sexuality a little more, and he'll see that,\" explains Slotnick. But watch who you're getting frisky with: \"Don't hook up with his friends! There is a \"bro code\", warns Slotnick. \"If you're all in a group of friends and you've hooked up with one of his other friends, he may have to wait six months or so to even go there with you.\"", "\"Try to maneuver for time one-on-one,\" suggests Slotnick. \"Because you're ending up in a group with him or it's because you work with him, he's not getting that alone time to really get to know you and notice you.\"", "\"Picking topics of conversation that are a little more flirty or sexy helps,\" Slotnick suggests. \"If you normally talk about work or family or boring stuff, you might want to talk about a fun travel thing or something you do in your leisure time.\"", "It has nothing to do with skinny girls getting the guy. There's an added bonus to hitting the gym: \"You exude a certain confidence,\" says Slotnick. \"You just feel better, and it shows.\"", "\"You definitely don't want to sleep with the guy right away to get his attention and you don't want to be too overtly sexual,\" says Slotnick, who says putting it all out there too soon can jeopardize the shot at a real connection. Another warning: \"Don't talk about people that you're dating or ask him about people that he's dating. He may be happy to share with you, but it doesn't make him think about you in a romantic or sexy way.\" Noted!", "This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io", "A Part of Hearst Digital Media Cosmopolitan participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Get Your Crush To Like You - Tips for Getting Out of the Friend Zone\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nYour Horoscope for the Week of October 25th\n\n2\n\nDiscuss: What's Real in the New 'Borat' Movie\n\n3\n\nBeat the Cold in These Cozy Fleece-Lined Leggings\n\n4\n\nAriana Came for Pete Davidson on \"Positions\"\n\n5\n\nTake This Virtual Cowgirl-Style Sex Class. Really.\n\nWe may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products\nwe love. Promise.\n\n# How Get Your Crush to See You As a Sexual Being\n\nCan't crack your crush? If your dream guy/co-worker/guy friend still can't see\nyou for the sexy minx you are, consider the following eight tips to turn\nthings around, courtesy of Matchmaker Cafe founder Nancy Slotnick. Fingers\ncrossed, you'll be out of th\n\nBy Carson Griffith\n\nApr 5, 2013\n\nGetty ImagesGetty Images\n\nCan't crack your crush? If your dream guy/co-worker/guy friend still can't see\nyou for the sexy minx you are, consider the following eight tips to turn\nthings around, courtesy of Matchmaker Cafe founder Nancy Slotnick. Fingers\ncrossed, you'll be out of the cursed friend zone ASAP.\n\nGetty ImagesGetty Images\n\n1 of 8\n\nBefore you start pawing him, \"touch your own body, like your collarbone if you\nhave a necklace on, or your finger to your lips,\" Slotnick suggests. These are\nsubtle flirty body language moves that show an openness and sensuality,\nestablishing you as a sexual being.\n\nGetty Images/iStockphotoGetty Images\n\n2 of 8\n\nSex up what you're wearing, says Slotnick. No one's suggesting you bust out\nfishnets and a garter belt or anything, but some dipping necklines, bare\nshoulders, skinny jeans, bright lipstick, or whatever you feel sexiest in,\ncouldn't hurt when you're around him.\n\nGetty Images/iStockphotoGetty Images\n\n3 of 8\n\nIt's in the Eyes\n\n\"Communicate with your eyes,\" says Slotnick. \"Have short, direct eye contact,\nbut then look away, as if it's a game of tag.\" Slotnick also says to not \"be\nafraid to face him and look him in the eye.\" Also: \"A certain raised eyebrow\nwith it can be very sexy.\"\n\nGetty Images/CaiaimageGetty Images\n\n4 of 8\n\nWaiting around for your crush to notice you doesn't always pay-off. \"Sometimes\nif you have a hook-up or a fling who isn't him, it makes you exude sexuality a\nlittle more, and he'll see that,\" explains Slotnick. But watch who you're\ngetting frisky with: \"Don't hook up with his friends! There is a \"bro code\",\nwarns Slotnick. \"If you're all in a group of friends and you've hooked up with\none of his other friends, he may have to wait six months or so to even go\nthere with you.\"\n\nJoselito Briones/istock\n\n5 of 8\n\nGet Him Alone\n\n\"Try to maneuver for time one-on-one,\" suggests Slotnick. \"Because you're\nending up in a group with him or it's because you work with him, he's not\ngetting that alone time to really get to know you and notice you.\"\n\ng_studio/iStock\n\n6 of 8\n\nTalk Sexy, But Not Dirty\n\n\"Picking topics of conversation that are a little more flirty or sexy helps,\"\nSlotnick suggests. \"If you normally talk about work or family or boring stuff,\nyou might want to talk about a fun travel thing or something you do in your\nleisure time.\"\n\nGetty Images/OJO ImagesGetty Images\n\n7 of 8\n\nIt has nothing to do with skinny girls getting the guy. There's an added bonus\nto hitting the gym: \"You exude a certain confidence,\" says Slotnick. \"You just\nfeel better, and it shows.\"\n\nGetty ImagesGetty Images\n\n8 of 8\n\nDon't Rush\n\n\"You definitely don't want to sleep with the guy right away to get his\nattention and you don't want to be too overtly sexual,\" says Slotnick, who\nsays putting it all out there too soon can jeopardize the shot at a real\nconnection. Another warning: \"Don't talk about people that you're dating or\nask him about people that he's dating. He may be happy to share with you, but\nit doesn't make him think about you in a romantic or sexy way.\" Noted!\n\nNext\n\nThe Truth About Testosterone, Male Sex Drive, Hairy Chests and Big Muscles\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nMore From Hot Guys\n\n21 Signs He's Really Into You\n\n15 Celeb Baes and The Dogs They Love\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\n34 Sexy Valentine's Day Lingerie Looks\n\n25 Ways to Be Romantic With Your Guy\n\n13 Things He Wants You to Wear to Bed\n\nAlex Skarsgård's Bad Sunburn Looks So Damn Good\n\nHot Felon Hits the Runway Shirtless Again\n\nPlease Feast Your Eyes on These Hot Tattooed Guys\n\n37 Thirst-Quenching Photos of ZEfron at the Beach\n\nShirtless Chris Hemsworth Works Out for \"Thor\"\n\n * Hot Guys\n * Sex & Relationships\n * How To Escape the Friend Zone\n * Be the Girl Every Guy Is Obsessed With\n * Listen Up, Boys...\n * Emotional Stages of a Crush, By Age\n * Why Can't I Stop Teasing My Crush?\n * How Your Crush Acts Near You, Based on Their Sign\n\n * Subscribe\n * About Us\n * Instagram\n * Advertise Online\n * Media Kit\n * Customer Service\n * Work For Cosmo\n * YouTube\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Give Your BFF the Mag\n * Digital Editions\n * Newsletter\n * Giveaways\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Cosmopolitan participates in various affiliate\nmarketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially\nchosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2020 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Info\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.herinterest.com/how-to-get-your-crush-to-like-you/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211027065857/https://www.herinterest.com/how-to-get-your-crush-to-like-you/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Get Your Crush To Like You", "passages": [ "So maybe there is a guy you like – a guy you find yourself falling head over heels for. He’s cute, he’s funny, he’s handsome – in short he’s everything you want in a man and you’re crushing on him hard. All that’s good and well, but it poses one big problem, how on earth do you get your crush to like you back? This is probably not something you want to hear, but capturing your dream guy’s attention and his heart all at once is not always an easy feat to conquer...", "Getting your crush to like you can be extremely frustrating and stressful. During the process there may be times you will just want to pull your hair out and scream because it can feel like he is looking right through you. That brings us to my first piece of advice in snagging your crush: Do not over- stress. You may be facing a daunting challenge, but worrying will get you absolutely nowhere in this game. Just stay calm and stay relaxed. If you follow these fool-proof pieces of advice, you’ll be set. If all goes to plan, your crush will be falling for you in no time at all!", "First and foremost, your crush isn’t going to fall for you (or even have the ability to fall for you) if he’s never met you or never gets to speak to you. Perhaps he is the type of popular guy who stands out at work or school, maybe he’s the shy, withdrawn, quiet type of guy who sits in the back row. Figure out which type he is and work with that information to help you figure out the best ways to get him to like you like you like him. To get him to fall for you, you first need to figure out how to approach him. After gathering this information, use it in your conversations.", "Yes, we said conversations. Because at some point, dear reader, you will need to keep a consistent form of contact with this guy. Otherwise you will never be able to form a proper relationship or get him to see you like him as more than friends.", "Currently, he is your crush. It’s not the other way around at this point, so you may need to make the first move. You may be thinking it’s hard putting yourself out there, which it totally is! But, be brave, you can do it. By no means do you have to ask him out... yet. You’re still quite a ways away from taking measures like that. All you really need to do for now is just speak to him. Introduce yourself, tell him about what you like, ask him if he’s got any hobbies, where does he go to work/school, etc.. See, it’s simple. This first tip is all about baby-steps, simple icebreakers to put you on his radar.", "You’re probably thinking to yourself, ‘Duh, flirting is what it’s all about!’ and you’d be mostly right. As much of a cliche it is to tell you that flirting is important, it’s one of the most vital tactics in getting your sought after man to like you back. Don’t be nervous! Pretty much everyone has a strong fear of rejection in one situation or another. We subconsciously stop ourselves from feeling anything, just because there is an off chance we could get hurt! But all it takes are a few flirtatious gestures to hook the man you’ve been dreaming about. Once he sees that you are putting in all this effort, he might start to get the message and eventually want to be more than just friends.", "Flirting is easier than it seems, for most of us it’s in our nature. We just have to dig up the small amount of confidence we need to get going! The strongest types of flirting come from the way you are speaking to your crush. Let yourself keep the conversations light-hearted and playful. Try out some witty banter or maybe even some corny pickup lines to get a laugh from your crush!", "This is the most important piece of advice you will ever get when it comes down to relationships. Whether it be that they are just beginning or it is 50 years down the line, it’s important to stay true to yourself through it all. A lot of people will go to extreme lengths to impress the person they are crushing on. Our advice to you is to stick to being yourself. It is never healthy to try building a relationship based on falsities. It’s especially easy to get caught up in pretending to be something you’re not. Ask yourself: How can my crush like me if he doesn’t really know me? No one really appreciates a liar, so stay honest.", "You definitely want your crush to like you for who you are and vice versa, right? Hopefully you answered yes to the question, because maintaining a strong bond built on truth is important. There is really no point in trying to be something you’re not. If you find that your crush doesn’t seem to be interested in who you are as a person, he probably is not the right guy for you anways. Stay true to yourself, be who you are and don’t ever let anyone stop you from doing so!", "Using your body language and being flirtatious go hand in hand with each other. There are only a few differences between the two, but many similarities. Body language will literally show your crush that you mean business. Go ahead and bat those eyelashes at him in playful conversations. Try twirling your hair through your fingers or even just flash a few of your sweetest smiles in his direction. Let him know your mind and body are interested in him by using both of them. When you two are chatting and it is his turn to speak, find yourself placing your hand on his arm or leg to show him that you are really listening to what he has to say to you and that you are interested in every word.", "The most important part of body language is always maintaining a proper amount of eye contact. I can’t stress this part enough: Eye contact, eye contact, eye contact! Eyes are the doorways to the soul, or so we have heard. Eye contact brings an uber personal feel into your discussions. Using your eyes is a great way to get someone to pay attention to you, because once he sees your beautiful baby blues or browns, how could he possibly look away?", "Guys love when you pay attention to them and take the time to get to know them on a more personal level. This tip is all about figuring out what likes, what he dislikes, what his favorite things are, where he spends most of his time, what his basic interests are, etc. Your crush will truly appreciate you taking the time out of your busy day to try to understand him better. Asking him personal questions will also give you information to have more conversations in the future. Having conversation starters is super important in this process. You will need something to fuel your talks with him.", "You taking interest in him will surely get him just as interested in getting to know you, too. Get a deeper look to discover if you and your crush have any common interests, Does he like nature like you do? Maybe he has a crazy uncle that always belts out karaoke at all the wrong times at family events like you do or maybe you will both find some excitement in the fact that you both absolutely adore german shepherds. Whatever the random facts, you will never know unless you do some deeper digging.", "What brings two human beings closer together than bonding over a few laughs? Very few things, it seems.. Do not ever underestimate the power of a laugh or the strength of a smile, especially when it comes to liking someone and getting them to like you back. Using humor is one of the most effective ways in getting your crush to like you.", "First you can start off by talking with him about your favorite funny memories, such as your most embarrassing moments or funniest memories. Open up to him and tell him some of your favorite jokes and then try asking him to tell you some of his favorite jokes, too. Take the measures to create new jokes with your crush over time. Inside jokes are super glue in creating bonds with people. If you create new jokes with your crush, he is more inclined to remember them and think of you later when you’re not around. Maybe you will get a few giggles from him. Funny is definitely sexy. That is why people always say they are looking for a partner with a great sense of humor. Utilize this information to help you get the guy of your dreams!", "We know when you’re eager for someone to like you back, things can get out of control. Just a warning: Desperation is definitely not hot. There is no need to try too hard. Keep it simple when it comes to your crush. It is okay to send your crush a couple of texts, but absolutely do not bombard him every moment of the day. He probably saw the first one you sent, so it is up to you to develop and practice some patience. Don’t get overworked if he doesn’t respond right away, he may just be busy.", "It is also okay to dress up to impress your crush, but there is no need to overdress or, shall we say, underdress. Try not to let your outfit give it all away before you are even sure if he likes you or not. Guys usually prefer a bit of mystery. Form fitting clothes, subtly low necklines and putting on some lipstick can only help. But stay away from fishnets, too much cleavage or excessive blush and eyeshadow. Overdoing it can seem desperate for attention and gaudy.", "When it comes to your behavior try to not be too enthusiastic. Stay calm and collected. What we are saying is: Play it cool!", "You truly cannot rush a good thing. Really getting this guy to like you for who you are does take a good amount of time and work. Putting everything out on the table immediately could leave you at risk of ruining everything that you have worked so hard for while pursuing your crush. No one wants anyone baring it all right away! Use time as your advantage.", "The longer you take, the more effort you will find yourself putting in to the bond. The longer you take, the more he will start to get intrigued by you and want to get to know you more. Rushing could also give him the wrong ideas about your intentions. We are not saying take all the time in the world, we do not want your crush to get bored by any means. Get him to take you seriously in your efforts by keeping the pace steady and slow. In taking your time ensure you use your utmost confidence and maintain strong contact with him so he knows your interest in him is unwavering. Continuously try to apply the previous tips while doing so and you should have your crush hooked, no problem!", "Remember how we told you to really take the time to get to know what your crush is interested in? That was because finding those common interests is going to give you an advantage in getting your crush to like you back. Use that common ground to make yourself more appealing to him. If he enjoys cooking and you enjoy eating, ask him to cook for you sometime.", "If he loves art, you can ask him to check out the sculptures you love with you sometime. Maybe he is in a special group at school that you have thought about joining before, like speech or photography club, get involved with those and he will appreciate you taking interests in these things. Do you both watch similar tv shows? You two can chat about how they killed off your favorite character in the series finale! Whatever it may be, use it to help you get the guy you like to like you back. If you two do not seem to share any common interests at all, then maybe he is not the right guy for you after all. But if you two do share quite a few common interests, then the task of getting his attention will be super easy!", "All you have to do now is use all of the previous tips to get your crush to like you back. Watch the tips work their magic. Remember: Do not rush it. Good things come in due time and if you really like this guy you will take time to do it right. It’s important to remember to stay true to who you are, because relationships seldom work built on lies. Use your flirtatious tactics to the max and input body language to build up chemistry between the two of you. Make your intentions clear with him or you may end up in the friendzone and we definitely do not want that, do we? At the very end of your pursuit of your dream guy, you have two options.", "Option number one consists of waiting to see if your crush will ask you out, drop hints about your favorite places or activities and see if he catches on! Maybe he is a shy guy and can’t seem to find the gusto to ask you out. Maybe he finds you too intimidating! If you feel like that is the case, then please use option two. Option two tells you to go ahead and take the initiative to ask him out yourself! Don’t come on too strong, but definitely maintain a good amount of confidence. Use these simple, effective tips and you should have him wrapped around your finger in no time.", "So I’m a 17 year old senior and recently like three weeks ago now I was at lunch and I saw this guy a couple tables across. I thought he was the cutest guy ever and I couldn’t stop stealing looks at him. So, I found out who he was and we started talking. He’s kind of a reserved guy like he won’t say hey irl and I’m way too shy to cause I’ve never really been like this with a guy. I saw him on the way to lunch one time and we made direct eye contact. Later on that day he texted me and asked why did I act like I didn’t see him? I’ll be honest I really did act like I didn’t just cause I was shy. He was kinda offended in a way for a lack of a better word that I didn’t speak to him. Then he started to talk about how I’m so short it was cute honestly. I was surprised by this. So lately something really sad happened and one of my bests friends actually passed away and I’ve been really down about it but he’s been there to support me still. He even asked me today why I’ve been so distant and not texting him like normal. I don’t like to feel like I’m bothering people and like I said earlier he’s on the more reserved side too. Even so, he’s really been so sweet to me idk it’s just different you know? I was just curious what do you guys think about this?", "So today he decided he would speak first since I’m so shy. He asked about when I’d be at lunch and I told him 2nd. I saw him looking for me and he texted me later and said he didn’t see me and I told him I saw him looking for me. Later on he asked me when would I speak to him I said probably never cause I’m don’t have the courage to 😭. Then he asked when would I let him speak to me and I said I can’t control what you do then he asked me where I go when class is over and he came and spoke to me. He kept saying how little I am a lot 😂 and asked me why I’m so shy compared to text. I said I have to get comfortable with you first. Then we were talking a bit more and he said I better say hey to him when I see him or he’s gonna beat me up in a joking way you know it went surprisingly well considering how freaked out I was", "My crush won’t talk to me I’ve tried so many times. Ive let him borrow my things and he never talks to me he maybe says thank you for something but his attention is never on me. It’s sad that he is friends with my bestie and she keeps encouraging me reasoning with me and stuff but I just feel sad", "Either he is extremely shy, or he doesn’t talk because he doesn’t realize you like him and isn’t interested. You have two options in this case. You can either assume he isn’t interested and move on, or you can try talking to him in case he is just shy. What you decide to do is up to you. Good luck!", "I actually have a crush on one of my former teachers, he’s not my teacher anymore thanks God lol !!! Anyways I tried different ways to make him notice that I like him but it didn’t work so I’m not confused if it means that he doesn’t like me back or it’s just cause he didn’t get the message Anyways thanks for your article I enjoyed reading it", "If you are an adult and your relationship would not cause either of you social or legal harm, then you can attempt to nourish a relationship with him. However, if you are still a student in your school, then you should abstain from attempting to maintain a relationship with him. For now, focus your emotional elsewhere, and turn your attention toward you studies.", "Hi, I hope this comment find you well. So my situation is this. I am 20 years old and I have never been in a relationship or had a boyfriend. I work with this guy who is super nice and funny and sweet. He seems to always catch me doing something weird or funny or being frustrated and smiles or we both start laughing. With a group of friends we have gone out and he’s given me a ride home. My friend one time asked him what his type was(she did it because I had recently told her I liked him) he said spanish girls. I’m Hispanic I was present when he said it. I didn’t pay much mind to it cause it doesn’t really mean anything that’s just his preference. But he always tries to have a conversation and since he knows I am shy and get anxiety when big groups come to our job he kinds takes control of the talking and I really appreciate it, that also could be a good friend. I guess what I am trying to say is I have a feeling he likes me back, but I’m not sure and I am not about to go up to him and ask him. We also work together and there’s a policy of no dating coworkers. We won’t work there forever but still. There was this one time where One of our friends had an improve show and I texted him if he was coming and he had forgotten. He said are you going cause if you are I will. I told him I was already there waiting to pay for my ticket and he said ok I’ll be there in 10, save me a seat if you go in before I get there. I was with my other friend and then two more friends showed up so I couldn’t save him a seat. But my friend who knew I liked him moved but I didn’t want to be that friend that leaves a friend behind to talk to a boy so I moved with her and as soon as I got up he followed and sat next to me. I know it’s not the same as seeing but from what I have told you what do you think? One more thing we don’t really text but we have a friend group where we are always playing uno. I sent him a game but he never replied.", "His behaviors indication that he is developing feelings for you, and it is clear that you are interested in him as well. Determine what you feel is appropriate, and nourish this relationship by spending additional time together in person.", "i have a crush on this guy but he has a girlfriend and he kinda flirts with me and always hugs me and holds my hand and we dm each other a lot and he helps me if i’m having a bad day but he is so obsessed with his girlfriend but they go to different schools... any advice on how to not like him", "If he is obsessed with his girlfriend, you are smart to try to control your feelings for him. I would focus on other things and try to talk to him a bit less. If he asks you why, tell him the truth–that you have developed feelings for him and need to take a step back since you know he is taken. When he is single at some point in the future, you can always try to make a move then.", "I have this crush on this Senior at my school. We took a picture together and afterwards I asked for his number and he said “maybe later”. So I’ve been hoping for that later and it still hasn’t happened, but on Friday I needed a ponytail holder and he overheard me asking for one and said “here I got you” and tried to get it out but he said it hurt to bad. I have no clue if he likes me or is just being friendly. I really like him! Please help me.", "It is possible that this person likes you. By this time, you may have a better understanding of his feelings for you. Consider what you want for the future of this relationship. Speak with him about your thoughts and feelings, and give him an opportunity to share himself with you as well. If possible, you should attempt to spend additional time with him in person, as this will help to strengthen your connection.", "Best friends often make for the best relationships as well. If it turns out your friend likes you back, you could have a once-in-a-lifetime relationship ahead of you. Now, you just have to hope that he likes you back. Good luck!", "Hi! Uhm, i find your article really helpful but i don’t know how to be confident enough to even start a move on my crush. So here is my story.. when i started school this semester, i hardly thought about not getting myself fall for anyone nor had crush on any guy at school. But a week after the classes started, there is this one guy who attended our Psychology class. I knew he was a block mate in class because we only have one section as 4th year students. That first time, i already found myself crushing on him, but i didn’t let myself fall for that and ignored it.", "As the classes and days go on, we get group activities every time in each subject and it happened that he joined some of my group. I was the leader cause no one initiates to be. I was just a short one with a quite small voice. So i had a hard time to manage and announce everything. This guy that i have a crush on, initiated to speak up of my ideas in behalf of me. He helped me a lot. That’s when i realize that i really can’t contain myself and fall for this nice guy.", "Then days go on, i found myself looking for him in every class. I even take glances at him when he’s not very attentive of his surrounding. Then one day came, after our Statistics class, i asked him how old is he. (Though a close friend of him already told me about it, i still asked him to confirm it.) He refused to tell me because everyone is around. So i told him that his close friend already told me. He laughed and confirmed it with a “Yes, that’s it. That’s true”. and we both went silent. When his close friend came out of the room, she asked him “What is it? What did you say to her? You already confessed you have a crush on her?”", "We are both shocked but he just laughed, while i shockingly reacted “No! I mean, that’s not what we’re talking about. But Uhm.. i guess.. it’s okay?” Then everyone around laughed and made fun of us. We both stayed silent and laughed quite awkwardly this time. His close friend whispered to me, “Hey! he has a crush on you. I mean, he admires your personality and attitude. That’s what he confessed to me” Then some of the days went on that some of our classmates started teasing us when we work in pair.", "I am a single mom. While he is a bread-winner of his family. I can hopefully see that we might have some sort of chemistry but I was afraid to fall for him or even make a move on him. I negatively think we’ll never meet on the same ground other than being classmates. What should i do?", "Make a move! It definitely sounds like he likes you! It seems like he is just too nervous to make a move on his own because he feels just as nervous around you as you do around him. Go for it and see what happens!", "well... its been a year since we first talked and ALSO WE ARE SHARING THE SAME INTEEST WHITCH IS SINGING AND HE KEEPS TELING ME THAT HE S IN LOVE WTH MY VOICE ND STUFF ND BUT THEN WUT HAPPENED IS THAT WE WERE TLKING AND HE TOLD ME GIIIRL DON T WORRY WE ARE FRIENDS NOW YOU CAN SHARE WIH ME ANYTHING YU WANT I M LIKE YOUR BROTHER AND DUUUUH I WAS LIKE OW GOAAASH WUT SHALL I DO IN THIS CASE DOES WUT HE SAID MEANS I M JS HIS FRIEND EVEN IF HE KEEPS FLIRTING ALL DAY LONG ??", "People can flirt with someone, even if they are not romantically interested. Since he said he is your brother, there is a fairly good chance that he just sees you as a friend and nothing else. This could always change in the future, but it would probably be a while until his feelings change significantly.", "I’ve a huge crush on my married boss. I know is soooo wrong, but he doesn’t help too. We’ve been working together for over 2 years now and each day I like him more. He keeps hinting that likes me for example: joking around that has a soft spot for me, that I have a stunning body (whenever I say that I need to loose weight) and so on. Nothing harmful if I didn’t have the feelings that I do about him. I’m getting crazy over here. I hardly sleep because of him. I’d do anything to forget him!", "He flirts with you and you have feelings for him. However, you are aware that he is married and you know that it would be harmful if you were to maintain a romantic relationship with him. Since you are aware that you don’t want to nourish this relationship, you should allow thoughts of him to fade. You will find great benefit in sharing your kindness and compassion at all times, as this will draw positive people and energy into your life. Have a great day, Mercury!", "Hey! So I have this crush on this boy but I don’t think he will feel the same way. You see, I only met him for 2 weeks at a summer camp I was attending. I technically have his phone number since he’s in a group chat my friends made, but it would be really weird for me to text him. I am going back to the camp next year and I’m pretty sure he is too.", "I did talk to him mostly while others were in the same conversation but there were a few times when I talked to him alone. He also noticed one time when I missing (I know this is probably not a big deal but for some reason I was surprised).", "Anyway I guess my question is how do I get him to like me? I know you have a whole post above on that but I don’t have a lot of time. If we do see each other in the camp it will only be for 2 weeks or a month tops.", "The two of you maintained a social relationship during your Summer camp. You have his number, so it may not be weird for you to message him. It is certainly possible that he is interested in you. Make a decision about what you want for the future of this relationship. Speak with him about your thoughts and feelings, and give him an opportunity to share to share himself with you as well. Have a great day, Kaori!", "Thanks for the reply! I’ll try and the advice you have given me and the advice on your awesome blog post.", "Thank you for sharing your supportive comment. Please share more of your thoughts and feelings in the future. It is certain that your positive comments will help many members of our community. Have a great day, Brielle!", "Hi, thank you so much for this great article (: , I have a problem though. I really, really like this boy who works as a cashier at a supermarket, we always exchange eye contact and he would always look at me and he’s always really sweet to me in an obvious way, like I see him treat people formally and stuff, however, I really can’t do much to grab his attention as it’s a workplace and his mates are there other than going nearly everyday to see him and possibly try to talk to him, but I really don’t know what to talk about either as it’s also a short period of time because of just paying and leaving, so please, do you have any idea what can I do about this? Ps. I know his name from the sale receipt and I did everything to find him on social media but to no avail", "Thank you for sharing your supportive comment. It is clear that you are interested in this person. Make a decision about what you want for the future of this relationship. Go into his store when you are not purchasing things and walk up to him. Speak with him about your thoughts and feelings, and give him an opportunity to share himself with you as well. Attempt to nourish this relationship by spending additional time with him in person. Have a great day, Alexa!", "Hi! I hope you guys are all ok, and this article is really great 🙂 I was just wondering if anybody had any ideas with my situation, as I really love this boy but I haven’t seen him in a while and do not have his phone number, since I’ve been off ill from school with OCD for almost half a year now, and so I’m worried that he may not like me anymore or maybe he will have moved on. Earlier this year we chatted quite a bit, and he also asked if I was free a couple of times, but that was just before I went off unwell, and I just don’t know when or how to see him, since I don’t think I’ll be back at school before the summer holiday comes. I do have a couple of my friend’s phone numbers who I guess may have my crush’s phone number, but they don’t know that I like him and so would that just sound really dodgy? I’m so sorry for this note being so long, but thank you so much if any of you guys do maybe have a solution, and if not then please don’t worry x", "It sounds like you have made the decision to remove yourself from school. If you are interested in spending time with him in person, then speak with him about your thoughts and feelings. Reach out to him, and attempt to spend additional time with him in person. If you do not reach out to him, then it is certainly possible that he will focus his emotional energy elsewhere. Have a great day, Katie!", "Thank you so much for replying and for your lovely advice! I’m really sure that somewhere it will help me out, and I really hope that you have a lovely day, too x", "Thank you for sharing your supportive comment. We look forward to sharing more of your thoughts and feelings in the future. Have a great day, Katie!", "I have this crush on a guy. He 2 grades in school above me but I see him everyday at school in a extracurricular activity. We have to spend at lot of time near each other because we are in the same group (section). I started feeling attracted to him about 6 months ago. At that time he had a girlfriend. Now he doesn’t. I have caught him staring at me a few times and he looks away when I see him doing it. Usually he acts like he hates me. He never talks to me, doesn’t help me out when I need it, and only sits by me because we have to. I honestly think he has no interest in me but sometimes it feels like he does.", "You have developed feelings for this person, and you are aware that he is no longer in a relationship. He has been looking at you, and he has also been treating you poorly. This may mean that he is uncertain about his feelings toward you and your feelings toward him. Make a decision about what you feel is appropriate. Determine if it would be viable to reach out to him. If so, then speak with him about your thoughts and feelings. Have a great day, Caterina!", "Ok so my crush is my moms best friend except he is a year older than me. And I don’t honk it’s all that good of a thing for me to have a crush on him becuz of his friendship with my mom. But I used to always catch him staring at me in the hallways of school. From his locker looking over at mine. But he always hangs around girls and it makes me a little bit nervous that he does that. Recently he has started talking to me more and always asks for food. He also kinda touched my hand on purpose when both he and I were out of school to help my dad with something ( his dad made him help my dad, his dad helped to) and idk what to think about him touching my hand", "If he is your mother’s best friend, then how is he able to be at school with you? If he is the same age as her, it really isn’t a good idea to try to start anything with him. If he is the same age as you, then you still may want to reconsider doing anything because it will definitely make things weird and awkward in your family. I would probably hold off on doing anything with him for the near future." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Get Your Crush To Like You | herinterest.com/\n\n * Celebrities\n * Hairstyles\n * Love\n * Plastic Surgery\n * Beauty\n * Fashion\n * Lifestyle\n * Travel\n * Movies\n * Weight loss\n * Food\n * Health\n * Wedding\n\nDon't Miss\n\n * How to Release and Prevent Resentment in Your Relationships\n * 50 Best Couple Tattoos Ever\n * How to be a Submissive Wife\n * 14 Signs He’s Just Not That Into You\n * 14 Signs Your Guy Means It When He Says “I Love You”\n\nHome > Love > How To Get Your Crush To Like You\n\n# How To Get Your Crush To Like You\n\nBy Nichola Moffat on December 29, 2013\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\nShare\n\n747 comments\n\nSo maybe there is a guy you like – a guy you find yourself falling head over\nheels for. He’s cute, he’s funny, he’s handsome – in short he’s everything you\nwant in a man and you’re crushing on him hard. All that’s good and well, but\nit poses one big problem, how on earth do you get your crush to like you back?\nThis is probably not something you want to hear, but capturing your dream\nguy’s attention and his heart all at once is not always an easy feat to\nconquer...\n\nGetting your crush to like you can be extremely frustrating and stressful.\nDuring the process there may be times you will just want to pull your hair out\nand scream because it can feel like he is looking right through you. That\nbrings us to my first piece of advice in snagging your crush: Do not over-\nstress. You may be facing a daunting challenge, but worrying will get you\nabsolutely nowhere in this game. Just stay calm and stay relaxed. If you\nfollow these fool-proof pieces of advice, you’ll be set. If all goes to plan,\nyour crush will be falling for you in no time at all!\n\nTip One – Make Yourself Visible\n\nFirst and foremost, your crush isn’t going to fall for you (or even have the\nability to fall for you) if he’s never met you or never gets to speak to you.\nPerhaps he is the type of popular guy who stands out at work or school, maybe\nhe’s the shy, withdrawn, quiet type of guy who sits in the back row. Figure\nout which type he is and work with that information to help you figure out the\nbest ways to get him to like you like you like him. To get him to fall for\nyou, you first need to figure out how to approach him. After gathering this\ninformation, use it in your conversations.\n\nYes, we said conversations. Because at some point, dear reader, you will need\nto keep a consistent form of contact with this guy. Otherwise you will never\nbe able to form a proper relationship or get him to see you like him as more\nthan friends.\n\nCurrently, he is your crush. It’s not the other way around at this point, so\nyou may need to make the first move. You may be thinking it’s hard putting\nyourself out there, which it totally is! But, be brave, you can do it. By no\nmeans do you have to ask him out... yet. You’re still quite a ways away from\ntaking measures like that. All you really need to do for now is just speak to\nhim. Introduce yourself, tell him about what you like, ask him if he’s got any\nhobbies, where does he go to work/school, etc.. See, it’s simple. This first\ntip is all about baby-steps, simple icebreakers to put you on his radar.\n\nTip Two – Don’t Be Afraid To Flirt\n\nYou’re probably thinking to yourself, ‘Duh, flirting is what it’s all about!’\nand you’d be mostly right. As much of a cliche it is to tell you that flirting\nis important, it’s one of the most vital tactics in getting your sought after\nman to like you back. Don’t be nervous! Pretty much everyone has a strong fear\nof rejection in one situation or another. We subconsciously stop ourselves\nfrom feeling anything, just because there is an off chance we could get hurt!\nBut all it takes are a few flirtatious gestures to hook the man you’ve been\ndreaming about. Once he sees that you are putting in all this effort, he might\nstart to get the message and eventually want to be more than just friends.\n\nDon’t come on too strong, but you can subtly make your crush aware of your\nfeelings for him.\n\nFlirting is easier than it seems, for most of us it’s in our nature. We just\nhave to dig up the small amount of confidence we need to get going! The\nstrongest types of flirting come from the way you are speaking to your crush.\nLet yourself keep the conversations light-hearted and playful. Try out some\nwitty banter or maybe even some corny pickup lines to get a laugh from your\ncrush!\n\nTip Three – Be Yourself & Act Natural\n\nThis is the most important piece of advice you will ever get when it comes\ndown to relationships. Whether it be that they are just beginning or it is 50\nyears down the line, it’s important to stay true to yourself through it all. A\nlot of people will go to extreme lengths to impress the person they are\ncrushing on. Our advice to you is to stick to being yourself. It is never\nhealthy to try building a relationship based on falsities. It’s especially\neasy to get caught up in pretending to be something you’re not. Ask yourself:\nHow can my crush like me if he doesn’t really know me? No one really\nappreciates a liar, so stay honest.\n\nYou definitely want your crush to like you for who you are and vice versa,\nright? Hopefully you answered yes to the question, because maintaining a\nstrong bond built on truth is important. There is really no point in trying to\nbe something you’re not. If you find that your crush doesn’t seem to be\ninterested in who you are as a person, he probably is not the right guy for\nyou anways. Stay true to yourself, be who you are and don’t ever let anyone\nstop you from doing so!\n\nTip Four — Use Body Language\n\nUsing your body language and being flirtatious go hand in hand with each\nother. There are only a few differences between the two, but many\nsimilarities. Body language will literally show your crush that you mean\nbusiness. Go ahead and bat those eyelashes at him in playful conversations.\nTry twirling your hair through your fingers or even just flash a few of your\nsweetest smiles in his direction. Let him know your mind and body are\ninterested in him by using both of them. When you two are chatting and it is\nhis turn to speak, find yourself placing your hand on his arm or leg to show\nhim that you are really listening to what he has to say to you and that you\nare interested in every word.\n\nThe most important part of body language is always maintaining a proper amount\nof eye contact. I can’t stress this part enough: Eye contact, eye contact, eye\ncontact! Eyes are the doorways to the soul, or so we have heard. Eye contact\nbrings an uber personal feel into your discussions. Using your eyes is a great\nway to get someone to pay attention to you, because once he sees your\nbeautiful baby blues or browns, how could he possibly look away?\n\nTip 5 — Get To Know Him\n\nGuys love when you pay attention to them and take the time to get to know them\non a more personal level. This tip is all about figuring out what likes, what\nhe dislikes, what his favorite things are, where he spends most of his time,\nwhat his basic interests are, etc. Your crush will truly appreciate you taking\nthe time out of your busy day to try to understand him better. Asking him\npersonal questions will also give you information to have more conversations\nin the future. Having conversation starters is super important in this\nprocess. You will need something to fuel your talks with him.\n\nYou taking interest in him will surely get him just as interested in getting\nto know you, too. Get a deeper look to discover if you and your crush have any\ncommon interests, Does he like nature like you do? Maybe he has a crazy uncle\nthat always belts out karaoke at all the wrong times at family events like you\ndo or maybe you will both find some excitement in the fact that you both\nabsolutely adore german shepherds. Whatever the random facts, you will never\nknow unless you do some deeper digging.\n\nTip 6 — Use Humor\n\nWhat brings two human beings closer together than bonding over a few laughs?\nVery few things, it seems.. Do not ever underestimate the power of a laugh or\nthe strength of a smile, especially when it comes to liking someone and\ngetting them to like you back. Using humor is one of the most effective ways\nin getting your crush to like you.\n\nFirst you can start off by talking with him about your favorite funny\nmemories, such as your most embarrassing moments or funniest memories. Open up\nto him and tell him some of your favorite jokes and then try asking him to\ntell you some of his favorite jokes, too. Take the measures to create new\njokes with your crush over time. Inside jokes are super glue in creating bonds\nwith people. If you create new jokes with your crush, he is more inclined to\nremember them and think of you later when you’re not around. Maybe you will\nget a few giggles from him. Funny is definitely sexy. That is why people\nalways say they are looking for a partner with a great sense of humor. Utilize\nthis information to help you get the guy of your dreams!\n\nTip 7 — Keep It Classy\n\nWe know when you’re eager for someone to like you back, things can get out of\ncontrol. Just a warning: Desperation is definitely not hot. There is no need\nto try too hard. Keep it simple when it comes to your crush. It is okay to\nsend your crush a couple of texts, but absolutely do not bombard him every\nmoment of the day. He probably saw the first one you sent, so it is up to you\nto develop and practice some patience. Don’t get overworked if he doesn’t\nrespond right away, he may just be busy.\n\nIt is also okay to dress up to impress your crush, but there is no need to\noverdress or, shall we say, underdress. Try not to let your outfit give it all\naway before you are even sure if he likes you or not. Guys usually prefer a\nbit of mystery. Form fitting clothes, subtly low necklines and putting on some\nlipstick can only help. But stay away from fishnets, too much cleavage or\nexcessive blush and eyeshadow. Overdoing it can seem desperate for attention\nand gaudy.\n\nWhen it comes to your behavior try to not be too enthusiastic. Stay calm and\ncollected. What we are saying is: Play it cool!\n\nTip 8 — Take Your Time\n\nYou truly cannot rush a good thing. Really getting this guy to like you for\nwho you are does take a good amount of time and work. Putting everything out\non the table immediately could leave you at risk of ruining everything that\nyou have worked so hard for while pursuing your crush. No one wants anyone\nbaring it all right away! Use time as your advantage.\n\nThe longer you take, the more effort you will find yourself putting in to the\nbond. The longer you take, the more he will start to get intrigued by you and\nwant to get to know you more. Rushing could also give him the wrong ideas\nabout your intentions. We are not saying take all the time in the world, we do\nnot want your crush to get bored by any means. Get him to take you seriously\nin your efforts by keeping the pace steady and slow. In taking your time\nensure you use your utmost confidence and maintain strong contact with him so\nhe knows your interest in him is unwavering. Continuously try to apply the\nprevious tips while doing so and you should have your crush hooked, no\nproblem!\n\nTip 9 — Use Common Ground\n\nRemember how we told you to really take the time to get to know what your\ncrush is interested in? That was because finding those common interests is\ngoing to give you an advantage in getting your crush to like you back. Use\nthat common ground to make yourself more appealing to him. If he enjoys\ncooking and you enjoy eating, ask him to cook for you sometime.\n\nIf he loves art, you can ask him to check out the sculptures you love with you\nsometime. Maybe he is in a special group at school that you have thought about\njoining before, like speech or photography club, get involved with those and\nhe will appreciate you taking interests in these things. Do you both watch\nsimilar tv shows? You two can chat about how they killed off your favorite\ncharacter in the series finale! Whatever it may be, use it to help you get the\nguy you like to like you back. If you two do not seem to share any common\ninterests at all, then maybe he is not the right guy for you after all. But if\nyou two do share quite a few common interests, then the task of getting his\nattention will be super easy!\n\nTip 10 — Build Up Chemistry and Wait\n\nAll you have to do now is use all of the previous tips to get your crush to\nlike you back. Watch the tips work their magic. Remember: Do not rush it. Good\nthings come in due time and if you really like this guy you will take time to\ndo it right. It’s important to remember to stay true to who you are, because\nrelationships seldom work built on lies. Use your flirtatious tactics to the\nmax and input body language to build up chemistry between the two of you. Make\nyour intentions clear with him or you may end up in the friendzone and we\ndefinitely do not want that, do we? At the very end of your pursuit of your\ndream guy, you have two options.\n\nOption number one consists of waiting to see if your crush will ask you out,\ndrop hints about your favorite places or activities and see if he catches on!\nMaybe he is a shy guy and can’t seem to find the gusto to ask you out. Maybe\nhe finds you too intimidating! If you feel like that is the case, then please\nuse option two. Option two tells you to go ahead and take the initiative to\nask him out yourself! Don’t come on too strong, but definitely maintain a good\namount of confidence. Use these simple, effective tips and you should have him\nwrapped around your finger in no time.\n\ncrushflirthow toLoveromanceyour crush\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * How to Release and Prevent Resentment in Your Relationships\n\nHow to Release and Prevent Resentment in Your Relationships\n\n * 50 Best Couple Tattoos Ever\n\n50 Best Couple Tattoos Ever\n\n * How to be a Submissive Wife\n\nHow to be a Submissive Wife\n\n * 14 Signs He’s Just Not That Into You\n\n14 Signs He’s Just Not That Into You\n\n## 747 Comments\n\n← Older Comments\n\n 1. Kayla\n\nFebruary 16, 2021 at 8:57 pm\n\nSo I’m a 17 year old senior and recently like three weeks ago now I was at\nlunch and I saw this guy a couple tables across. I thought he was the cutest\nguy ever and I couldn’t stop stealing looks at him. So, I found out who he was\nand we started talking. He’s kind of a reserved guy like he won’t say hey irl\nand I’m way too shy to cause I’ve never really been like this with a guy. I\nsaw him on the way to lunch one time and we made direct eye contact. Later on\nthat day he texted me and asked why did I act like I didn’t see him? I’ll be\nhonest I really did act like I didn’t just cause I was shy. He was kinda\noffended in a way for a lack of a better word that I didn’t speak to him. Then\nhe started to talk about how I’m so short it was cute honestly. I was\nsurprised by this. So lately something really sad happened and one of my bests\nfriends actually passed away and I’ve been really down about it but he’s been\nthere to support me still. He even asked me today why I’ve been so distant and\nnot texting him like normal. I don’t like to feel like I’m bothering people\nand like I said earlier he’s on the more reserved side too. Even so, he’s\nreally been so sweet to me idk it’s just different you know? I was just\ncurious what do you guys think about this?\n\nReply\n\n * Kayla\n\nFebruary 17, 2021 at 1:48 pm\n\nSo today he decided he would speak first since I’m so shy. He asked about when\nI’d be at lunch and I told him 2nd. I saw him looking for me and he texted me\nlater and said he didn’t see me and I told him I saw him looking for me. Later\non he asked me when would I speak to him I said probably never cause I’m don’t\nhave the courage to 😭. Then he asked when would I let him speak to me and I\nsaid I can’t control what you do then he asked me where I go when class is\nover and he came and spoke to me. He kept saying how little I am a lot 😂 and\nasked me why I’m so shy compared to text. I said I have to get comfortable\nwith you first. Then we were talking a bit more and he said I better say hey\nto him when I see him or he’s gonna beat me up in a joking way you know it\nwent surprisingly well considering how freaked out I was\n\nReply\n\n 2. Oora\n\nFebruary 9, 2020 at 8:14 pm\n\nMy crush won’t talk to me I’ve tried so many times. Ive let him borrow my\nthings and he never talks to me he maybe says thank you for something but his\nattention is never on me. It’s sad that he is friends with my bestie and she\nkeeps encouraging me reasoning with me and stuff but I just feel sad\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nFebruary 9, 2020 at 9:12 pm\n\nEither he is extremely shy, or he doesn’t talk because he doesn’t realize you\nlike him and isn’t interested. You have two options in this case. You can\neither assume he isn’t interested and move on, or you can try talking to him\nin case he is just shy. What you decide to do is up to you. Good luck!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Ghizlene\n\nDecember 24, 2019 at 9:19 pm\n\nI actually have a crush on one of my former teachers, he’s not my teacher\nanymore thanks God lol !!! Anyways I tried different ways to make him notice\nthat I like him but it didn’t work so I’m not confused if it means that he\ndoesn’t like me back or it’s just cause he didn’t get the message Anyways\nthanks for your article I enjoyed reading it\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nDecember 27, 2019 at 7:50 pm\n\nIf you are an adult and your relationship would not cause either of you social\nor legal harm, then you can attempt to nourish a relationship with him.\nHowever, if you are still a student in your school, then you should abstain\nfrom attempting to maintain a relationship with him. For now, focus your\nemotional elsewhere, and turn your attention toward you studies.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Bri\n\nDecember 15, 2019 at 1:29 am\n\nHi, I hope this comment find you well. So my situation is this. I am 20 years\nold and I have never been in a relationship or had a boyfriend. I work with\nthis guy who is super nice and funny and sweet. He seems to always catch me\ndoing something weird or funny or being frustrated and smiles or we both start\nlaughing. With a group of friends we have gone out and he’s given me a ride\nhome. My friend one time asked him what his type was(she did it because I had\nrecently told her I liked him) he said spanish girls. I’m Hispanic I was\npresent when he said it. I didn’t pay much mind to it cause it doesn’t really\nmean anything that’s just his preference. But he always tries to have a\nconversation and since he knows I am shy and get anxiety when big groups come\nto our job he kinds takes control of the talking and I really appreciate it,\nthat also could be a good friend. I guess what I am trying to say is I have a\nfeeling he likes me back, but I’m not sure and I am not about to go up to him\nand ask him. We also work together and there’s a policy of no dating\ncoworkers. We won’t work there forever but still. There was this one time\nwhere One of our friends had an improve show and I texted him if he was coming\nand he had forgotten. He said are you going cause if you are I will. I told\nhim I was already there waiting to pay for my ticket and he said ok I’ll be\nthere in 10, save me a seat if you go in before I get there. I was with my\nother friend and then two more friends showed up so I couldn’t save him a\nseat. But my friend who knew I liked him moved but I didn’t want to be that\nfriend that leaves a friend behind to talk to a boy so I moved with her and as\nsoon as I got up he followed and sat next to me. I know it’s not the same as\nseeing but from what I have told you what do you think? One more thing we\ndon’t really text but we have a friend group where we are always playing uno.\nI sent him a game but he never replied.\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nJanuary 5, 2020 at 10:49 am\n\nHis behaviors indication that he is developing feelings for you, and it is\nclear that you are interested in him as well. Determine what you feel is\nappropriate, and nourish this relationship by spending additional time\ntogether in person.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Mia Errato\n\nNovember 4, 2019 at 4:18 pm\n\ni have a crush on this guy but he has a girlfriend and he kinda flirts with me\nand always hugs me and holds my hand and we dm each other a lot and he helps\nme if i’m having a bad day but he is so obsessed with his girlfriend but they\ngo to different schools... any advice on how to not like him\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nFebruary 26, 2020 at 11:21 am\n\nIf he is obsessed with his girlfriend, you are smart to try to control your\nfeelings for him. I would focus on other things and try to talk to him a bit\nless. If he asks you why, tell him the truth–that you have developed feelings\nfor him and need to take a step back since you know he is taken. When he is\nsingle at some point in the future, you can always try to make a move then.\n\nReply\n\n 6. Brooklyn\n\nOctober 13, 2019 at 6:49 pm\n\nI have this crush on this Senior at my school. We took a picture together and\nafterwards I asked for his number and he said “maybe later”. So I’ve been\nhoping for that later and it still hasn’t happened, but on Friday I needed a\nponytail holder and he overheard me asking for one and said “here I got you”\nand tried to get it out but he said it hurt to bad. I have no clue if he likes\nme or is just being friendly. I really like him! Please help me.\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nApril 2, 2020 at 10:15 pm\n\nIt is possible that this person likes you. By this time, you may have a better\nunderstanding of his feelings for you. Consider what you want for the future\nof this relationship. Speak with him about your thoughts and feelings, and\ngive him an opportunity to share himself with you as well. If possible, you\nshould attempt to spend additional time with him in person, as this will help\nto strengthen your connection.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Michie\n\nOctober 1, 2019 at 8:40 pm\n\nHello,i have a crush on my best friend.how in the freaking world do i make it\nwork?\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nDecember 29, 2019 at 2:44 pm\n\nBest friends often make for the best relationships as well. If it turns out\nyour friend likes you back, you could have a once-in-a-lifetime relationship\nahead of you. Now, you just have to hope that he likes you back. Good luck!\n\nReply\n\n 8. Ayona\n\nSeptember 28, 2019 at 8:02 pm\n\nHi! Uhm, i find your article really helpful but i don’t know how to be\nconfident enough to even start a move on my crush. So here is my story.. when\ni started school this semester, i hardly thought about not getting myself fall\nfor anyone nor had crush on any guy at school. But a week after the classes\nstarted, there is this one guy who attended our Psychology class. I knew he\nwas a block mate in class because we only have one section as 4th year\nstudents. That first time, i already found myself crushing on him, but i\ndidn’t let myself fall for that and ignored it.\n\nAs the classes and days go on, we get group activities every time in each\nsubject and it happened that he joined some of my group. I was the leader\ncause no one initiates to be. I was just a short one with a quite small voice.\nSo i had a hard time to manage and announce everything. This guy that i have a\ncrush on, initiated to speak up of my ideas in behalf of me. He helped me a\nlot. That’s when i realize that i really can’t contain myself and fall for\nthis nice guy.\n\nThen days go on, i found myself looking for him in every class. I even take\nglances at him when he’s not very attentive of his surrounding. Then one day\ncame, after our Statistics class, i asked him how old is he. (Though a close\nfriend of him already told me about it, i still asked him to confirm it.) He\nrefused to tell me because everyone is around. So i told him that his close\nfriend already told me. He laughed and confirmed it with a “Yes, that’s it.\nThat’s true”. and we both went silent. When his close friend came out of the\nroom, she asked him “What is it? What did you say to her? You already\nconfessed you have a crush on her?”\n\nWe are both shocked but he just laughed, while i shockingly reacted “No! I\nmean, that’s not what we’re talking about. But Uhm.. i guess.. it’s okay?”\nThen everyone around laughed and made fun of us. We both stayed silent and\nlaughed quite awkwardly this time. His close friend whispered to me, “Hey! he\nhas a crush on you. I mean, he admires your personality and attitude. That’s\nwhat he confessed to me” Then some of the days went on that some of our\nclassmates started teasing us when we work in pair.\n\nI am a single mom. While he is a bread-winner of his family. I can hopefully\nsee that we might have some sort of chemistry but I was afraid to fall for him\nor even make a move on him. I negatively think we’ll never meet on the same\nground other than being classmates. What should i do?\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nDecember 28, 2019 at 9:56 am\n\nMake a move! It definitely sounds like he likes you! It seems like he is just\ntoo nervous to make a move on his own because he feels just as nervous around\nyou as you do around him. Go for it and see what happens!\n\nReply\n\n 9. shaimae\n\nSeptember 19, 2019 at 12:03 am\n\nwell... its been a year since we first talked and ALSO WE ARE SHARING THE SAME\nINTEEST WHITCH IS SINGING AND HE KEEPS TELING ME THAT HE S IN LOVE WTH MY\nVOICE ND STUFF ND BUT THEN WUT HAPPENED IS THAT WE WERE TLKING AND HE TOLD ME\nGIIIRL DON T WORRY WE ARE FRIENDS NOW YOU CAN SHARE WIH ME ANYTHING YU WANT I\nM LIKE YOUR BROTHER AND DUUUUH I WAS LIKE OW GOAAASH WUT SHALL I DO IN THIS\nCASE DOES WUT HE SAID MEANS I M JS HIS FRIEND EVEN IF HE KEEPS FLIRTING ALL\nDAY LONG ??\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nDecember 21, 2019 at 5:53 pm\n\nPeople can flirt with someone, even if they are not romantically interested.\nSince he said he is your brother, there is a fairly good chance that he just\nsees you as a friend and nothing else. This could always change in the future,\nbut it would probably be a while until his feelings change significantly.\n\nReply\n\n 10. MercuryGurl\n\nAugust 20, 2019 at 5:14 am\n\nI’ve a huge crush on my married boss. I know is soooo wrong, but he doesn’t\nhelp too. We’ve been working together for over 2 years now and each day I like\nhim more. He keeps hinting that likes me for example: joking around that has a\nsoft spot for me, that I have a stunning body (whenever I say that I need to\nloose weight) and so on. Nothing harmful if I didn’t have the feelings that I\ndo about him. I’m getting crazy over here. I hardly sleep because of him. I’d\ndo anything to forget him!\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nAugust 21, 2019 at 1:14 pm\n\nHe flirts with you and you have feelings for him. However, you are aware that\nhe is married and you know that it would be harmful if you were to maintain a\nromantic relationship with him. Since you are aware that you don’t want to\nnourish this relationship, you should allow thoughts of him to fade. You will\nfind great benefit in sharing your kindness and compassion at all times, as\nthis will draw positive people and energy into your life. Have a great day,\nMercury!\n\nReply\n\n 11. Kaori\n\nAugust 6, 2019 at 7:49 am\n\nHey! So I have this crush on this boy but I don’t think he will feel the same\nway. You see, I only met him for 2 weeks at a summer camp I was attending. I\ntechnically have his phone number since he’s in a group chat my friends made,\nbut it would be really weird for me to text him. I am going back to the camp\nnext year and I’m pretty sure he is too.\n\nI did talk to him mostly while others were in the same conversation but there\nwere a few times when I talked to him alone. He also noticed one time when I\nmissing (I know this is probably not a big deal but for some reason I was\nsurprised).\n\nAnyway I guess my question is how do I get him to like me? I know you have a\nwhole post above on that but I don’t have a lot of time. If we do see each\nother in the camp it will only be for 2 weeks or a month tops.\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nAugust 6, 2019 at 4:32 pm\n\nThe two of you maintained a social relationship during your Summer camp. You\nhave his number, so it may not be weird for you to message him. It is\ncertainly possible that he is interested in you. Make a decision about what\nyou want for the future of this relationship. Speak with him about your\nthoughts and feelings, and give him an opportunity to share to share himself\nwith you as well. Have a great day, Kaori!\n\nReply\n\n * Brielle\n\nAugust 7, 2019 at 8:09 am\n\nThanks for the reply! I’ll try and the advice you have given me and the advice\non your awesome blog post.\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nAugust 8, 2019 at 5:25 pm\n\nThank you for sharing your supportive comment. Please share more of your\nthoughts and feelings in the future. It is certain that your positive comments\nwill help many members of our community. Have a great day, Brielle!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Alexa\n\nJuly 26, 2019 at 10:29 pm\n\nHi, thank you so much for this great article (: , I have a problem though. I\nreally, really like this boy who works as a cashier at a supermarket, we\nalways exchange eye contact and he would always look at me and he’s always\nreally sweet to me in an obvious way, like I see him treat people formally and\nstuff, however, I really can’t do much to grab his attention as it’s a\nworkplace and his mates are there other than going nearly everyday to see him\nand possibly try to talk to him, but I really don’t know what to talk about\neither as it’s also a short period of time because of just paying and leaving,\nso please, do you have any idea what can I do about this? Ps. I know his name\nfrom the sale receipt and I did everything to find him on social media but to\nno avail\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nJuly 26, 2019 at 11:22 pm\n\nThank you for sharing your supportive comment. It is clear that you are\ninterested in this person. Make a decision about what you want for the future\nof this relationship. Go into his store when you are not purchasing things and\nwalk up to him. Speak with him about your thoughts and feelings, and give him\nan opportunity to share himself with you as well. Attempt to nourish this\nrelationship by spending additional time with him in person. Have a great day,\nAlexa!\n\nReply\n\n 13. Katie\n\nJuly 7, 2019 at 4:42 am\n\nHi! I hope you guys are all ok, and this article is really great 🙂 I was just\nwondering if anybody had any ideas with my situation, as I really love this\nboy but I haven’t seen him in a while and do not have his phone number, since\nI’ve been off ill from school with OCD for almost half a year now, and so I’m\nworried that he may not like me anymore or maybe he will have moved on.\nEarlier this year we chatted quite a bit, and he also asked if I was free a\ncouple of times, but that was just before I went off unwell, and I just don’t\nknow when or how to see him, since I don’t think I’ll be back at school before\nthe summer holiday comes. I do have a couple of my friend’s phone numbers who\nI guess may have my crush’s phone number, but they don’t know that I like him\nand so would that just sound really dodgy? I’m so sorry for this note being so\nlong, but thank you so much if any of you guys do maybe have a solution, and\nif not then please don’t worry x\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nJuly 8, 2019 at 2:32 pm\n\nIt sounds like you have made the decision to remove yourself from school. If\nyou are interested in spending time with him in person, then speak with him\nabout your thoughts and feelings. Reach out to him, and attempt to spend\nadditional time with him in person. If you do not reach out to him, then it is\ncertainly possible that he will focus his emotional energy elsewhere. Have a\ngreat day, Katie!\n\nReply\n\n * Katie\n\nJuly 12, 2019 at 8:18 am\n\nThank you so much for replying and for your lovely advice! I’m really sure\nthat somewhere it will help me out, and I really hope that you have a lovely\nday, too x\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nJuly 12, 2019 at 4:20 pm\n\nThank you for sharing your supportive comment. We look forward to sharing more\nof your thoughts and feelings in the future. Have a great day, Katie!\n\nReply\n\n * Caterina\n\nAugust 31, 2019 at 1:56 pm\n\nI have this crush on a guy. He 2 grades in school above me but I see him\neveryday at school in a extracurricular activity. We have to spend at lot of\ntime near each other because we are in the same group (section). I started\nfeeling attracted to him about 6 months ago. At that time he had a girlfriend.\nNow he doesn’t. I have caught him staring at me a few times and he looks away\nwhen I see him doing it. Usually he acts like he hates me. He never talks to\nme, doesn’t help me out when I need it, and only sits by me because we have\nto. I honestly think he has no interest in me but sometimes it feels like he\ndoes.\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nSeptember 1, 2019 at 10:05 pm\n\nYou have developed feelings for this person, and you are aware that he is no\nlonger in a relationship. He has been looking at you, and he has also been\ntreating you poorly. This may mean that he is uncertain about his feelings\ntoward you and your feelings toward him. Make a decision about what you feel\nis appropriate. Determine if it would be viable to reach out to him. If so,\nthen speak with him about your thoughts and feelings. Have a great day,\nCaterina!\n\nReply\n\n * Tamia\n\nOctober 23, 2019 at 9:55 pm\n\nOk so my crush is my moms best friend except he is a year older than me. And I\ndon’t honk it’s all that good of a thing for me to have a crush on him becuz\nof his friendship with my mom. But I used to always catch him staring at me in\nthe hallways of school. From his locker looking over at mine. But he always\nhangs around girls and it makes me a little bit nervous that he does that.\nRecently he has started talking to me more and always asks for food. He also\nkinda touched my hand on purpose when both he and I were out of school to help\nmy dad with something ( his dad made him help my dad, his dad helped to) and\nidk what to think about him touching my hand\n\nReply\n\n * web admin\n\nMarch 20, 2020 at 6:39 pm\n\nIf he is your mother’s best friend, then how is he able to be at school with\nyou? If he is the same age as her, it really isn’t a good idea to try to start\nanything with him. If he is the same age as you, then you still may want to\nreconsider doing anything because it will definitely make things weird and\nawkward in your family. I would probably hold off on doing anything with him\nfor the near future.\n\nReply\n\n← Older Comments\n\n## Leave a Reply\n\nCancel reply\n\n### Latest News\n\n * 7 Signs From a Loved One in Heaven\n\nAt one point or another, all of us have experienced...\n\n * Posted May 11, 2019\n * 6\n\n * How To Deal With Your Parents Recent Divorce While In College\n\nAll it takes is a phone call from parents or...\n\n * Posted April 17, 2019\n * 1\n\n * What does Ringing in the Ears Mean Spiritually\n\nHave you ever experienced a strange ringing in your ears?...\n\n * Posted April 7, 2019\n * 2\n\n * Best Wedding Wishes And Messages For Cards 2019\n\nHow can you frame wedding congratulations on your wedding card...\n\n * Posted March 19, 2019\n * 6\n\n * How to Get Free Makeup From Companies\n\nFiguring out how to get free makeup from companies isn’t...\n\n * Posted February 24, 2019\n * 6\n\n * Medium Length Hairstyles We All Want To Copy This Year.\n\nMedium length hairstyles are the ideal lengths for busy ladies...\n\n * Posted February 18, 2019\n * 0\n\n * How To Start Your Own Out-of-This-World Travel Blog in 7 Steps\n\nBlogs are a great way to share your memories. Your...\n\n * Posted February 15, 2019\n * 0\n\n### Search this site\n\n### Popular Posts\n\n * What Does it Mean When You Dream About Someone? 7.2k comments | by Michelle Keldgord | under Lifestyle\n * What Does It Mean When You Dream About Your Crush? 5.3k comments | by Nichola Moffat | under Love\n * What Does It Mean When You Dream About Someone You Don’t Know? 2.7k comments | by Courtney Pococh | under Lifestyle\n * 40 Cute Things to Text Your Boyfriend 2.2k comments | by Michelle Keldgord | under Love\n * What Does It Mean When You Dream About Someone Who Is Already Dead? 1.6k comments | by Kimberley | under Lifestyle\n * What Does It Mean When You Dream About Someone Dying? 1.5k comments | by Courtney Pococh | under Lifestyle\n\n * About Us\n * Contact\n * Advertising With Us\n * Join on facebook\n * Follow on Twitter\n * Privacy Policy\n\nCopyright © 2012-2020 Herinterest.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.lovepanky.com/flirting-flings/get-flirty/how-to-get-your-crush-to-notice-you-and-like-you-back", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518132832/https://www.lovepanky.com/flirting-flings/get-flirty/how-to-get-your-crush-to-notice-you-and-like-you-back", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Get Your Crush to Notice You and Like You Back", "passages": [ "And at other times, it’s a bigger crush that stays in your heart for several months, especially if you work or study together.", "And glancing at them or making eye contact with them on a Friday evening can make you float through the entire weekend!", "But as high and exciting as getting a crush to notice you can feel, the idea of being neglected by them can feel just as low and painful.", "And it’s always better to reveal your feelings for them instead of bottling it up. [Read: The difference between a crush and limerence]", "The thought of approaching your crush and revealing you like them may push your heart up to your mouth. But it’s still something you need to do. After all, it’s the only way out of the misery of one sided love.", "But then again, don’t just walk up to your crush out of the blue and tell them you like them. That may not always work either!", "Most people make the big mistake of pouring their heart out to their crush without really planning it right. Love too, just like life, is all about building the right foundation. If you really want your crush to notice you and like you back, you need to plan your way into their heart first!", "If you have a crush on someone right now, make sure you remember these 5 mistakes most people do. And avoid it!", "#1 Don’t tell them you like them. If you have a crush on someone and you don’t see this person reciprocating just yet, don’t make it obvious that you’ve fallen for them already. If your crush knows you like them and they don’t even know you, their ego will swell and they’ll take you for granted. And they won’t care about you!", "#2 Don’t be too easy. Don’t trail your crush or behave like you’re always around to do their bidding. Instead of being easily available all the time, play hard to get. When you play hard to get and still tease your crush by being mysterious, they’d want your attention badly.", "#3 Don’t stalk your crush. The thought of walking behind your crush or watching their every move every single day could seem enticing. But if you do want to date your crush at some point of time, avoid stalking them. And even if you do stalk your crush, don’t make it obvious to them. [Read: A true love story of stalking a crush and the failure it brings]", "#4 Don’t keep looking at your crush. It’ll only make your crush take you for granted. Get your crush to look at you instead, and make them believe that they’re the ones initiating eye contact and they’re the ones falling for you!", "#5 Don’t be idle around your crush. Don’t appear like you have nothing better to do than drool at your crush when they’re around. If you’re pretending to be the lonely vampire who likes being all alone and mysterious, it may work in your favor. But if you’re just being a normal guy or girl, it’s always better to appear like you have a life.", "Getting a crush to notice you can seem like a big task. And getting them to fall in love with you? Well, that seems difficult right now, wouldn’t you say?", "But the truth is, it’s extremely easy to get a crush to notice you, and even fall hard for you! All you need to learn is the art of playing it cool, while building the chemistry at the same time. Here are three stages you need to keep in mind if you want your crush to like you. [Read: 10 important dating tips to make dating work in your favor!]", "#1 Get their attention. The first thing you need to do is get your crush to notice you, and think of you in positive light. If your crush thinks you’re interesting every time they notice you, you’ve won more than half the battle already.", "#2 Build the chemistry. Once you’ve caught the fancy of your crush, you need to start working on making them desire you. You don’t need to tell your crush that you like them at any point of time. All you need to do is psychologically convince your crush that they are the one who’s falling for you instead!", "#3 Initiate a conversation. If you plan the first two stages right and follow the steps mentioned here to the tee, the last thing you need to do is initiate the conversation. And believe me, that’ll be as simple as snapping your fingers!", "If you have a crush on someone, the first thing you need to do is win their attention. Make them believe you’re a catch, and the rest will follow.", "#1 The world revolves around you. If you want to get your crush’s attention, let them see that the world revolves around you! Appear popular. Be noisy, laugh out loud, and be the center of attention among your friends when your crush is around. Show your crush that you have a life and you’re living it.", "#2 Fleeting glances. Exchange fleeting glances with your crush when you’re busy with your own friends. Don’t stare too hard or try too hard to catch their eye. Make it appear like you just noticed them and stare at them only for a fraction of a second at least the first few times. [Read: 10 subtle eye contact flirting moves that always work!]", "#3 Show off what you’re good at. If you want to get your crush to notice you and like you, you have to find a way to make them feel awed by you. If you have any qualities that are worth showing off or displaying discreetly, make sure you flaunt it. [Read: 18 physical turn ons that arouse a guy instantly]", "#4 Show off your kind side. Don’t be cocky or arrogant while trying to catch your crush’s attention. Meanness is a trait both genders dislike to see in a prospective mate. If your crush assumes you’re mean, you’d lose a big chance of dating them. Be helpful to people, and be friendly, especially when your crush is around.", "#5 Be a happy person. Be cheerful when they’re around. Popular people are always happy and they’re the life of every party and get-together. Laugh a lot, have fun with your friends and always have a smile on your face. [Read: The secret to attracting guys in a way they can’t resist!]", "#6 Smell great. You need to leave your fragrance lingering in the air each time you walk past them. Remember, these little details may not seem like much, but they play a big part in subtly attracting your crush. You could even carry a small bottle of perfume in your bag, and discreetly spray it around your shoulders or over your hair if you know you’d be bumping into your crush soon.", "#7 Look good around your crush. Well dressed people who groom themselves always stick out of the crowd like a happy sore thumb. And that’s a good thing. Work out, look fit and try to look your attractive best, especially when you know you’d bump into your crush. Every time you get an appreciative glance from your crush, the bigger the odds are that they’ll like you back. [Read: 10 sexy tips to look attractive while trying to get your crush’s attention]", "#8 Look approachable. Stressful and awkward situations bring out the worst in us. Do you stiffen up or act aloof when your crush enters the same room, just to pretend like you’re calm and composed? This may happen involuntarily, but don’t stiffen up or go quiet in front of your crush. Smile, be fun and appear approachable. It’ll make your crush want to get to know a fun and happy person like you.", "If you’ve used the tips to get your crush’s attention, your crush would definitely have taken notice of you. And in a good way too!", "Now you need to focus on building the chemistry, and psychologically convince them to believe that they’re the one who’s actually getting a crush on you!", "#1 Smile to yourself. Stare discreetly at your crush for less than a second and look away as soon as you catch their eye. And just smile to yourself and get busy doing something. Don’t stretch your smile into a big grin, instead smile just a little bit like you had a funny thought.", "Smiling too hard makes it seem like you’re really excited to catch your crush’s eye, and that’s never good. You just need to build the chemistry, not make it obvious that you’re head over heels in love!", "#2 Gather your information. Get to know your crush better. It’s always exciting and fun to dig information about a crush, so go and do just that. Ask a common friend about your crush without making it obvious that you’ve got something on your mind.", "Get the little details that matter, like what your crush likes and dislikes, what they do over the weekend, or whether they like or dislike smokers, etc. It always helps when you know what works and doesn’t work while impressing someone.", "#4 Use your P’s and Q’s. The best way to arouse a crush’s curiosity and make them fall for you is by making yourself seem approachable, and yet walking away before they can do anything about it.", "If you’re walking past your crush, squeeze through near them and say “excuse me” and walk past them. And as you cross your crush, look straight into their eyes and smile just a little bit. And after walking past, turn around, say “thank you” and walk away. You’ll drive your crush crazy, and make them want to trail you and talk to you!", "#5 Stare at your crush. At this point of time, you need to make eye contact with your crush, and hold the gaze for longer than a second. You’ve built enough sexual chemistry to take this further. Stare at your crush for a second or two, and look away. Do that often as long as your crush is trying to look at you too. If your crush is busy or isn’t reciprocating, don’t try to catch their eye or you’ll just end up losing all the chemistry you’ve built up.", "#6 Play a secret game. You want your crush fall hard for you, but your intention isn’t to make them realize you like them like crazy already. Avoid staring at your crush in front of their friends. By staring at your crush when everyone’s watching, you’d be making it obvious to the world that you want to catch your crush’s eye. And once your crush’s friends see you trying to make eye contact, you’ll make the staring game seem one sided.", "Always be discreet when you have to make eye contact. The eye contact game has to feel like a secret thing going on between you and your crush, and no one should realize it other than your crush. [Read: The dating girl code all girls need to know]", "#7 Spread the word just a little. Talk to a common friend about your crush. Casually tell this friend that you find this guy or girl rather interesting. If this common friend of yours tries to prod you or dig further, tell your friend you notice this person your crush", "Your friend would definitely tease your crush about it, and tell your crush that you were interested in knowing more about them.", "And by doing this, you’re just turning the whole game around. You can actually make your crush believe that they’re the one who’s falling for you, and not the other way around. And before you know it, you can turn a one-sided crush into an infatuation from both sides!", "Use these tips on how to get a crush to notice you, and even before you realize it, your crush would have fallen hard for you and would have started to like you back. Now all you need is the right way to initiate a conversation with your crush. Read this next part on how to talk to your crush and you’d be able to do just that in no time.", "Liked what you just read? Follow us on Instagram Facebook Twitter Pinterest and we promise, we’ll be your lucky charm to a beautiful love life.", "Sarah Summer Enjoying life in sunny California, Sarah Summer hates waiting for the perfect moment and instead chooses to take the moment and make it perfect. She has an unab..." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Get Your Crush to Notice You and Like You Back\n\n * NEW\n\n * Love Couch\n\n * Sweet Love\n * Better Love\n * Romantic Love\n * Your Ex\n * Broken Hearts\n * Flirting Flings\n\n * Get Flirty\n * Dating Game\n * Wild Secrets\n * Naughty Affairs\n * Sensual Tease\n\n * Seduction\n * Obsession\n * Fantasies\n * Passion Pill\n * Sizzle\n * Reads for Women\n\n * Understanding Men\n * Attracting Men\n * Dating Tips for Women\n * How To...\n * Girl Talk\n * Reads for Men\n\n * Understanding Women\n * Attracting Women\n * Dating Tips for Men\n * How To...\n * Guy Talk\n * Essentials\n * My Life\n\n * Relationships\n * Work and Play\n * Reflections\n * A Better Life\n * Entertainment\n\n * Quizzes\n * Polls\n * Movies\n\nHome > Flirting Flings > Get Flirty\n\n# How to Get Your Crush to Notice You and Like You Back\n\nBy Sarah Summer\n\nShare Tweet Pin It\n\nNEW\n\n## Wondering how you can get your crush to notice you? Use these tips here,\nand you’ll even be able to get your crush to like you back within a few days!\n\nCrushes and infatuations are a part of life.\n\nAll of us experience them all the time.\n\nSometimes, it’s just a little crush that lasts a few minutes after a fleeting\nglimpse on the street.\n\nAnd at other times, it’s a bigger crush that stays in your heart for several\nmonths, especially if you work or study together.\n\nGetting a crush on someone or falling for them is the easy part.\n\nBut getting their attention and making them fall for you?\n\nWell, that’s definitely tricky.\n\n[Read: 13 physical attraction tips to look way sexier in front of your crush]\n\nHow to get a crush to notice you\n\nJust catching a glimpse of your crush could make your day.\n\nAnd glancing at them or making eye contact with them on a Friday evening can\nmake you float through the entire weekend!\n\nBut as high and exciting as getting a crush to notice you can feel, the idea\nof being neglected by them can feel just as low and painful.\n\nAnd it’s always better to reveal your feelings for them instead of bottling it\nup. [Read: The difference between a crush and limerence]\n\nThe first step – Getting your crush to notice you\n\nThe thought of approaching your crush and revealing you like them may push\nyour heart up to your mouth. But it’s still something you need to do. After\nall, it’s the only way out of the misery of one sided love.\n\nBut then again, don’t just walk up to your crush out of the blue and tell them\nyou like them. That may not always work either!\n\nMost people make the big mistake of pouring their heart out to their crush\nwithout really planning it right. Love too, just like life, is all about\nbuilding the right foundation. If you really want your crush to notice you and\nlike you back, you need to plan your way into their heart first!\n\n[Read: How to get a girl’s attention wherever you are]\n\n[Read: 22 different ways to get a guy’s attention and impress him]\n\nThe 5 big mistakes to avoid when your crush is around\n\nIf you have a crush on someone right now, make sure you remember these 5\nmistakes most people do. And avoid it!\n\n#1 Don’t tell them you like them. If you have a crush on someone and you don’t\nsee this person reciprocating just yet, don’t make it obvious that you’ve\nfallen for them already. If your crush knows you like them and they don’t even\nknow you, their ego will swell and they’ll take you for granted. And they\nwon’t care about you!\n\n#2 Don’t be too easy. Don’t trail your crush or behave like you’re always\naround to do their bidding. Instead of being easily available all the time,\nplay hard to get. When you play hard to get and still tease your crush by\nbeing mysterious, they’d want your attention badly.\n\n#3 Don’t stalk your crush. The thought of walking behind your crush or\nwatching their every move every single day could seem enticing. But if you do\nwant to date your crush at some point of time, avoid stalking them. And even\nif you do stalk your crush, don’t make it obvious to them. [Read: A true love\nstory of stalking a crush and the failure it brings]\n\n#4 Don’t keep looking at your crush. It’ll only make your crush take you for\ngranted. Get your crush to look at you instead, and make them believe that\nthey’re the ones initiating eye contact and they’re the ones falling for you!\n\n#5 Don’t be idle around your crush. Don’t appear like you have nothing better\nto do than drool at your crush when they’re around. If you’re pretending to be\nthe lonely vampire who likes being all alone and mysterious, it may work in\nyour favor. But if you’re just being a normal guy or girl, it’s always better\nto appear like you have a life.\n\nThe three stages of getting a crush to like you\n\nGetting a crush to notice you can seem like a big task. And getting them to\nfall in love with you? Well, that seems difficult right now, wouldn’t you say?\n\nBut the truth is, it’s extremely easy to get a crush to notice you, and even\nfall hard for you! All you need to learn is the art of playing it cool, while\nbuilding the chemistry at the same time. Here are three stages you need to\nkeep in mind if you want your crush to like you. [Read: 10 important dating\ntips to make dating work in your favor!]\n\n#1 Get their attention. The first thing you need to do is get your crush to\nnotice you, and think of you in positive light. If your crush thinks you’re\ninteresting every time they notice you, you’ve won more than half the battle\nalready.\n\n#2 Build the chemistry. Once you’ve caught the fancy of your crush, you need\nto start working on making them desire you. You don’t need to tell your crush\nthat you like them at any point of time. All you need to do is psychologically\nconvince your crush that they are the one who’s falling for you instead!\n\n#3 Initiate a conversation. If you plan the first two stages right and follow\nthe steps mentioned here to the tee, the last thing you need to do is initiate\nthe conversation. And believe me, that’ll be as simple as snapping your\nfingers!\n\nSTAGE 1 – 8 ways to get your crush’s attention\n\nIf you have a crush on someone, the first thing you need to do is win their\nattention. Make them believe you’re a catch, and the rest will follow.\n\n[Read: How to get a guy to notice you and fall hard for you]\n\n[Read: How to get a girl to notice you without even talking to her]\n\n#1 The world revolves around you. If you want to get your crush’s attention,\nlet them see that the world revolves around you! Appear popular. Be noisy,\nlaugh out loud, and be the center of attention among your friends when your\ncrush is around. Show your crush that you have a life and you’re living it.\n\n#2 Fleeting glances. Exchange fleeting glances with your crush when you’re\nbusy with your own friends. Don’t stare too hard or try too hard to catch\ntheir eye. Make it appear like you just noticed them and stare at them only\nfor a fraction of a second at least the first few times. [Read: 10 subtle eye\ncontact flirting moves that always work!]\n\n#3 Show off what you’re good at. If you want to get your crush to notice you\nand like you, you have to find a way to make them feel awed by you. If you\nhave any qualities that are worth showing off or displaying discreetly, make\nsure you flaunt it. [Read: 18 physical turn ons that arouse a guy instantly]\n\n#4 Show off your kind side. Don’t be cocky or arrogant while trying to catch\nyour crush’s attention. Meanness is a trait both genders dislike to see in a\nprospective mate. If your crush assumes you’re mean, you’d lose a big chance\nof dating them. Be helpful to people, and be friendly, especially when your\ncrush is around.\n\n#5 Be a happy person. Be cheerful when they’re around. Popular people are\nalways happy and they’re the life of every party and get-together. Laugh a\nlot, have fun with your friends and always have a smile on your face. [Read:\nThe secret to attracting guys in a way they can’t resist!]\n\n#6 Smell great. You need to leave your fragrance lingering in the air each\ntime you walk past them. Remember, these little details may not seem like\nmuch, but they play a big part in subtly attracting your crush. You could even\ncarry a small bottle of perfume in your bag, and discreetly spray it around\nyour shoulders or over your hair if you know you’d be bumping into your crush\nsoon.\n\n#7 Look good around your crush. Well dressed people who groom themselves\nalways stick out of the crowd like a happy sore thumb. And that’s a good\nthing. Work out, look fit and try to look your attractive best, especially\nwhen you know you’d bump into your crush. Every time you get an appreciative\nglance from your crush, the bigger the odds are that they’ll like you back.\n[Read: 10 sexy tips to look attractive while trying to get your crush’s\nattention]\n\n#8 Look approachable. Stressful and awkward situations bring out the worst in\nus. Do you stiffen up or act aloof when your crush enters the same room, just\nto pretend like you’re calm and composed? This may happen involuntarily, but\ndon’t stiffen up or go quiet in front of your crush. Smile, be fun and appear\napproachable. It’ll make your crush want to get to know a fun and happy person\nlike you.\n\nSTAGE 2 – 6 ways to build chemistry and get your crush to like you\n\nIf you’ve used the tips to get your crush’s attention, your crush would\ndefinitely have taken notice of you. And in a good way too!\n\nNow you need to focus on building the chemistry, and psychologically convince\nthem to believe that they’re the one who’s actually getting a crush on you!\n\n#1 Smile to yourself. Stare discreetly at your crush for less than a second\nand look away as soon as you catch their eye. And just smile to yourself and\nget busy doing something. Don’t stretch your smile into a big grin, instead\nsmile just a little bit like you had a funny thought.\n\nSmiling too hard makes it seem like you’re really excited to catch your\ncrush’s eye, and that’s never good. You just need to build the chemistry, not\nmake it obvious that you’re head over heels in love!\n\n#2 Gather your information. Get to know your crush better. It’s always\nexciting and fun to dig information about a crush, so go and do just that. Ask\na common friend about your crush without making it obvious that you’ve got\nsomething on your mind.\n\nGet the little details that matter, like what your crush likes and dislikes,\nwhat they do over the weekend, or whether they like or dislike smokers, etc.\nIt always helps when you know what works and doesn’t work while impressing\nsomeone.\n\n#3 Brush your crush up. Walk past your crush when both of you meet paths, and\n*accidentally* brush your shoulder gently while walking past them. Just make\nsure you’re not being obvious or you’ll come off as a very creepy person.\n[Read: 30 not-so-obvious and sexy flirty ways to get your crush to fall for\nyou]\n\n#4 Use your P’s and Q’s. The best way to arouse a crush’s curiosity and make\nthem fall for you is by making yourself seem approachable, and yet walking\naway before they can do anything about it.\n\nIf you’re walking past your crush, squeeze through near them and say “excuse\nme” and walk past them. And as you cross your crush, look straight into their\neyes and smile just a little bit. And after walking past, turn around, say\n“thank you” and walk away. You’ll drive your crush crazy, and make them want\nto trail you and talk to you!\n\n#5 Stare at your crush. At this point of time, you need to make eye contact\nwith your crush, and hold the gaze for longer than a second. You’ve built\nenough sexual chemistry to take this further. Stare at your crush for a second\nor two, and look away. Do that often as long as your crush is trying to look\nat you too. If your crush is busy or isn’t reciprocating, don’t try to catch\ntheir eye or you’ll just end up losing all the chemistry you’ve built up.\n\n#6 Play a secret game. You want your crush fall hard for you, but your\nintention isn’t to make them realize you like them like crazy already. Avoid\nstaring at your crush in front of their friends. By staring at your crush when\neveryone’s watching, you’d be making it obvious to the world that you want to\ncatch your crush’s eye. And once your crush’s friends see you trying to make\neye contact, you’ll make the staring game seem one sided.\n\nAlways be discreet when you have to make eye contact. The eye contact game has\nto feel like a secret thing going on between you and your crush, and no one\nshould realize it other than your crush. [Read: The dating girl code all girls\nneed to know]\n\n#7 Spread the word just a little. Talk to a common friend about your crush.\nCasually tell this friend that you find this guy or girl rather interesting.\nIf this common friend of yours tries to prod you or dig further, tell your\nfriend you notice this person *your crush* stare at you often, and you think\nthey like you!\n\nYour friend would definitely tease your crush about it, and tell your crush\nthat you were interested in knowing more about them.\n\nAnd by doing this, you’re just turning the whole game around. You can actually\nmake your crush believe that they’re the one who’s falling for you, and not\nthe other way around. And before you know it, you can turn a one-sided crush\ninto an infatuation from both sides!\n\nUse these tips on how to get a crush to notice you, and even before you\nrealize it, your crush would have fallen hard for you and would have started\nto like you back. Now all you need is the right way to initiate a conversation\nwith your crush. Read this next part on how to talk to your crush and you’d be\nable to do just that in no time.\n\nLiked what you just read? Follow us on Instagram Facebook Twitter Pinterest\nand we promise, we’ll be your lucky charm to a beautiful love life.\n\nSarah Summer Enjoying life in sunny California, Sarah Summer hates waiting for\nthe perfect moment and instead chooses to take the moment and make it perfect.\nShe has an unab...\n\nFollow Sarah on Facebook Pinterest\n\n### Don't Miss this!\n\nLoading...\n\n### Latest in LovePanky\n\n#### Dammit, Why Doesn’t He Like Me Back?! 31 Reasons Why Guys Do This\n\n#### 40 Gross & Disturbing Would You Rather Questions to Make You Squirm\n\n#### How to Be a Good Friend: The 23 Friend Codes All BFFs Must Follow\n\n#### How to Be Mature: 25 Ways to Grow Up & Face Life Like an Adult\n\nPin It Tweet Share\n\n#### Email this feature to your friend!\n\n### LOVEPANKY IN YOUR INBOX\n\nGet the very best of LovePanky straight to your inbox!\n\n## Love Couch\n\n * Sweet Love\n * Better Love\n * Romantic Love\n * Your Ex\n * Broken Hearts\n\n## Flirting Flings\n\n * Get Flirty\n * Dating Game\n * Wild Secrets\n * Naughty Affairs\n\n## Sensual Tease\n\n * Seduction\n * Obsession\n * Fantasies\n * Passion Pill\n * Sizzle\n\n## Reads for Women\n\n * Understanding Men\n * Attracting Men\n * Dating Tips for Women\n * How To...\n * Girl Talk\n\n## Reads for Men\n\n * Understanding Women\n * Attracting Women\n * Dating Tips for Men\n * How To...\n * Guy Talk\n * Essentials\n\n## My Life\n\n * Relationships\n * Work and Play\n * Reflections\n * A Better Life\n\nAll rights reserved. Reproduction without explicit permission is prohibited.\n\n© 2021 LovePanky.com Privacy Policy | Terms of Service | About Us | Write for\nUs | Contact Us\n\nBack to top\n\nNEW\n\n" } ]
24,506
How To Chug a Beer
To chug a beer, relax your throat and hold your breath while you tip the beer back and let it flow down your throat. Don't swallow like you would if you were drinking a beer normally, since it will make chugging it harder. Instead, open your throat so the beer flows directly from your mouth to your stomach. If you're still struggling, try firmly tapping your beer on a hard surface first to release some of the carbon dioxide in it, which will make it easier on your stomach. You should also make sure you're taking a deep breath before you start chugging so you don't run out of air too quickly.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20200609201938/https://52brews.com/how-to-shotgun-a-beer", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200609033931/https://thetab.com/2015/05/01/how-to-drink-beer-quickly-35376", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200611034858/https://www.thrillist.com/vice/how-to-shotgun-a-beer-bottle-drink-beer-with-a-straw" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://52brews.com/how-to-shotgun-a-beer", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200609201938/https://52brews.com/how-to-shotgun-a-beer", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Shotgun a Beer Fast: 8 INSANELY Easy Steps", "passages": [ "Home > blog > Tips / Ideas / How-To > How to shotgun a beer in 8 easy steps for lightining-quick chugging!", "Whether it’s to impress your friends or for the pure scientific efficiency of consuming more brew in a shorter amount of time, shotgunning is great. It’s widely considered the fastest way to down a beer, par excellence.", "“Shotgunning” is the art of puncturing a beer can on its side and swiftly downing its contents, aided by gravity and fluid dynamics.", "We break down the shotgunning process into 8 steps so that we can discuss the entire operation in more detail. Those steps are:", "You have to go for two things when selecting your beer to shotgun. A) Make sure it’s a beer you like. If you hate the taste, you won’t enjoy the shotgunning and if you don’t enjoy it your performance will suffer. B) Make sure it’s a lighter beer. Shotgunning heavier beers (probably anything above an ABV of 5%) is more difficult.", "A key or knife will help you puncture the can easily. If both are not available, you can use any sharp object to make the hole. Just be careful not to puncture the can too hard and don’t be sloppy with the hole – you don’t want to cut yourself or make a hole that’s too big. Take a look also at our suggested tool: the famous Bear Claw . [1]", "Place it on top of a table, and this will move the air bubble inside to its side. Also, less beer will be spilled when you puncture the can.", "1 inch from the bottom of the can is your safest spot. The aluminum in this part of the can is softer, helping you puncture the can easily.", "Continue to press on it until you feel a pocket of air inside the can. Then push the can slightly with your thumb to leave a dent and know where you will puncture it.", "Puncture it swiftly on the dent you made, so it pops a hole. Expect that some beer and foam might spill out of the hole.", "Place the key or knife inside the hole and make it bigger by making a circular motion. Make the hole a little smaller than a quarter. IMPORTANT: make sure that the edges are bent inward to avoid cutting yourself when you are drinking the beer!", "Place your mouth over the hole and tilt the can towards you. Let gravity do the work and pop the tab open with your other hand. Keep your throat open and let the beer go down freely.", "“The sweet science of shotgunning depends on atmospheric pressure and fluid dynamics, which themselves depend on your can “having two holes for air to flow through”.” – Dave Infante, Thrillist", "When there are no keys, knife, or any sharp objects available, shotgunning a beer is still possible – you can use your thumb to puncture the hole.", "This is an impressive trick to learn, showing off your superhuman skills to those who do not think it is possible!", "Place your thumb 1 inch away from the bottom of the can. Use your index and middle fingers to support your grip", "Snake – squeeze the beer can between your legs (you can also try your biceps), chug the beer once it explodes", "Aluminum Can – Make sure that the beer can is made from aluminum. This makes the can easier to puncture whether you are using a tool or just your thumb.", "Push Hard – When using your thumb, push real hard, and the can will open. The hole made by punching a hole using your thumb should already be enough. No need to enlarge it.", "Drinking your favorite beer using the shotgun method sounds fun. And now that you know how to shotgun a beer properly, you’re going to want to practice and perfect this skill. Use the Bear Claw to make the puncturing easier.", "52Brews brings easy-to-understand, unpretentious craft beer and homebrew information for our readers. We got you covered on all things craft beer, beer of the month clubs, homebrewing, general beer knowledge and more!", "52 Brews is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com. Amazon, the Amazon logo, AmazonSupply, and the AmazonSupply logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Shotgun a Beer Fast: 8 INSANELY Easy Steps\n\nSkip to content\n\n52 Brews\n\n * Home\n * Beer of the Month Clubs & Subscriptions\n\n * Beer of the Month Clubs – Reviewed\n * Individual Clubs >\n\n * Beer Drop\n * Clubs of America Beer Club\n * Design your own club!\n * Drizly\n * Hop-Heads Beer Club\n * International Beer Club\n * Microbrewed Club\n * Rare Beer Club\n * Tavour\n * The Original Craft Beer Club\n * U.S. & International Club\n * Other Monthly Clubs >\n\n * Whiskey Clubs\n * Wine Clubs\n * Cider Clubs\n * Homebrewing\n\n * Articles\n\n * The History of Home Brewing\n * Tips from the masters!\n * 52Brews Amazon Shop\n * Equipment >\n\n * Brewing Supplies >\n\n * Bottle Cappers >\n\n * Red Baron\n * Bottle Fillers >\n\n * Blichmann Beer Gun\n * Counter Pressure Bottle Fillers\n * WilliamsWarn\n * Burners >\n\n * Bayou Classic KAB4\n * Bayou Classic SS84\n * Blichmann Top Tier\n * Blichmann Hellfire\n * Brew Stands >\n\n * BrewBuilt AfterBurner\n * Dark Star Burner 2.0\n * Edelmetall Bru\n * SS BrewTech\n * Fermenters >\n\n * Big Mouth Bubbler\n * Blichmann Fermenator\n * BrewDemon\n * Carboy >\n\n * Kegco\n * Catalyst Fermentation System\n * FastFerment\n * Fermenter Bucket\n * Jockey Boxes >\n\n * Micro Matic\n * Kettles >\n\n * Bayou Classic\n * Blichmann BoilerMaker G2\n * Brewbuilt\n * Gigawort Electric Brew Kettle\n * MegaPot 1.2\n * Spike Brewing Kettle v3\n * Ss Brewtech\n * Tall Boy\n * Mash Tuns >\n\n * Igloo\n * Other >\n\n * Bottle Drying Racks\n * Bottle Labeling Machines >\n\n * Zap Labeler ZL5\n * Canning (Can Sealer) Machines\n * Grain Mills >\n\n * KitchenAid Mill Attachment\n * Mockmill Stone Grain Mill\n * Growlers >\n\n * GrowlerWerks uKeg 64\n * Hydro Flask\n * Stanley Classic\n * True Fabrications\n * Yeti Rambler\n * Sanitizers & Cleaners >\n * Thermometers >\n\n * Thermoworks Thermapen MK4\n * Wort Chillers >\n\n * Blichmann Therminator\n * Counterflow Wort Chiller\n * Copper Immersion Wort Chiller\n * Copperhead Immersion Wort Chiller\n * ExChilerator Counterflow Wort Chiller\n * Stainless Steel Immersion Wort Chiller\n * Brew Kits >\n\n * Mr. Beer\n * Brewing Systems >\n\n * BeerDroid\n * PicoBrew Pico Model C\n * Speidel Braumeister v2\n * The Grainfather\n * Induction Brewing\n * How-to Guides >\n\n * How to Brew Beer >\n\n * Add Fruit to Beer\n * All Grain Brewing\n * How to Grow, Harvest and Dry Hops\n * How to Malt Barley\n * How to Use a Wort Chiller\n * How to Make Cider\n * How To Make Mead\n * How To Make Wine\n * Courses >\n\n * Beer: Everything You Want To Know\n * Beer Tasting\n * Beer Judge Certification Program Prep\n * Advanced Brewing Techniques\n * Recipes\n\n * American Amber Ale\n * Cream Ale\n * German Hefeweizen\n * Amazon Shop!\n * Beer Reviews\n\n * Best Beers in the World\n * by country >\n\n * Belgian Beers\n * Brazilian Beers\n * Japanese Beers\n * Korean Beers\n * Mexican Beers\n * by Beer style >\n\n * IPA Beers\n * Lager Beers\n * Pilsner Beers\n * Saison Beers\n * Sour Beers\n * Stout Beers\n * Wheat Beers\n * by Traits >\n\n * Christmas Beers\n * Low-calorie Beers\n * Dessert Beers\n * Gluten-Free-Beers\n * Marijuana Beers\n * High ABV Beers\n * Non-Alcoholic Beers\n * Peanut Butter Beers\n * Pumpkin Beers\n * Vegan Beers\n * Winter Beers\n * All Types of Beer\n * Gifts & Accessories\n\n * Beer Gifts\n * Beer Glasses\n * Beer Paddles & Flights\n * Beer Shirts\n\n * 10 Funny Beer T-Shirts\n * Beer Towers >\n\n * BarConic\n * Draft Beer Towers\n\n * Kegco D4740\n * Kegerators >\n\n * EdgeStar Kegerator KC2000\n * Faucet\n\n * Perlick 630SS\n * Mini Kegerators\n * Buy Beer Online\n\n * Drizly\n * Blog\n\n * History >\n\n * IPA History\n * History of Beer in America\n * History of Home Brewing\n * Interesting >\n\n * Beer facts and trivia\n * Helium beer\n * Most Expensive Beers\n * Technical >\n\n * Does Beer Go Bad?\n * How Beer Is Made\n * Hop Varieties & Types\n * Ingredients – Four Main Beer Ingredients\n * Lager vs Ale\n * Marijuana Beer\n * Tips / Ideas / How-to >\n\n * Beer Cocktail Recipes\n * Beer gift ideas\n * Books for Beer Lovers\n * Chugging beer\n * Shotgun a Beer\n * -Blog Archives-\n\n * twitter\n * facebook\n * youtube\n * instagram\n * amazon\n\nHome > blog > Tips / Ideas / How-To > How to shotgun a beer in 8 easy steps\nfor lightining-quick chugging!\n\n# How to shotgun a beer in 8 easy steps for lightining-quick chugging!\n\nPublished October 29, 2019 by The 52Brews Team\n\n## Follow and Share!\n\nSometimes you have to throw “class” out the window. You just want to down\nbeer(s) as far as possible.\n\nWhether it’s to impress your friends or for the pure scientific efficiency of\nconsuming more brew in a shorter amount of time, shotgunning is great. It’s\nwidely considered the fastest way to down a beer, par excellence.\n\n“Shotgunning” is the art of puncturing a beer can on its side and swiftly\ndowning its contents, aided by gravity and fluid dynamics.\n\nIn this article, we share tips on how to perfect your shotgunning skills.\n\nWe break down the shotgunning process into 8 steps so that we can discuss the\nentire operation in more detail. Those steps are:\n\n * Grab the right type of beer\n * Use the right tools\n * Hold the can horizontally\n * Check where you will puncture the can\n * Place your thumb to find the sweet spot to puncture and tilt the can\n * Get your key or knife and puncture the can\n * Make the hole bigger\n * Chug!\n\nHere’s a detalied explination of those 8 easy steps, by the bros. Take a look!\n\n## 8 Steps (and tips) on How to Shotgun a Beer\n\n### 1\\. Grab the right type of beer\n\nYou have to go for two things when selecting your beer to shotgun. A) Make\nsure it’s a beer you like. If you hate the taste, you won’t enjoy the\nshotgunning and if you don’t enjoy it your performance will suffer. B) Make\nsure it’s a lighter beer. Shotgunning heavier beers (probably anything above\nan ABV of 5%) is more difficult.\n\n### 2\\. Use the right tools\n\nA key or knife will help you puncture the can easily. If both are not\navailable, you can use any sharp object to make the hole. Just be careful not\nto puncture the can too hard and don’t be sloppy with the hole – you don’t\nwant to cut yourself or make a hole that’s too big. Take a look also at our\nsuggested tool: the famous Bear Claw . [1]\n\n### 3\\. Hold the can horizontally\n\nPlace it on top of a table, and this will move the air bubble inside to its\nside. Also, less beer will be spilled when you puncture the can.\n\n### 4\\. Check where you will puncture the can\n\n1 inch from the bottom of the can is your safest spot. The aluminum in this\npart of the can is softer, helping you puncture the can easily.\n\n### 5\\. Place your thumb to find the sweet spot to puncture and tilt the can\n\nContinue to press on it until you feel a pocket of air inside the can. Then\npush the can slightly with your thumb to leave a dent and know where you will\npuncture it.\n\n### 6\\. Get your key or knife and puncture the can\n\nPuncture it swiftly on the dent you made, so it pops a hole. Expect that some\nbeer and foam might spill out of the hole.\n\n### 7\\. Make the hole bigger\n\nPlace the key or knife inside the hole and make it bigger by making a circular\nmotion. Make the hole a little smaller than a quarter. IMPORTANT: make sure\nthat the edges are bent inward to avoid cutting yourself when you are drinking\nthe beer!\n\n### 8\\. Chug!\n\nPlace your mouth over the hole and tilt the can towards you. Let gravity do\nthe work and pop the tab open with your other hand. Keep your throat open and\nlet the beer go down freely.\n\n“The sweet science of shotgunning depends on atmospheric pressure and fluid\ndynamics, which themselves depend on your can “having two holes for air to\nflow through”.” – Dave Infante, Thrillist\n\n## No Sharp Objects Available? Use Your Thumb\n\nWhen there are no keys, knife, or any sharp objects available, shotgunning a\nbeer is still possible – you can use your thumb to puncture the hole.\n\nThis is an impressive trick to learn, showing off your superhuman skills to\nthose who do not think it is possible!\n\nTo do this:\n\n 1. Hold the beer horizontally\n 2. Place your thumb 1 inch away from the bottom of the can. Use your index and middle fingers to support your grip\n 3. Press the can (imaging squeezing a grape)\n\nBe careful while doing this trick though since your thumb might get cut as it\npenetrates through the can.\n\n## Other Shotgun Techniques\n\nFind that interesting? Well, we have more interesting shotgunning techniques\nthat you can try with your buddies:\n\n * On your head – smash the can into your forehead and when it bursts, chug from the top\n * Snake – squeeze the beer can between your legs (you can also try your biceps), chug the beer once it explodes\n * Gorilla – crash the can using your closed fists and chug the remaining beer\n\nJust kidding! Please don’t do these!\n\n## Extra Tips When Shotgunning Beer\n\nHere are some extra tips on shotgunning a beer faster and more efficiently:\n\n * Aluminum Can – Make sure that the beer can is made from aluminum. This makes the can easier to puncture whether you are using a tool or just your thumb.\n * Choose a light beer – Heavy or flavored beer will be more difficult to drink quickly.\n * Push Hard – When using your thumb, push real hard, and the can will open. The hole made by punching a hole using your thumb should already be enough. No need to enlarge it.\n * Suck – To shotgun a beer fast, you can try sucking the beer from the hole using your mouth.\n\nUsing the shotgun method might get you drunk faster so drink moderately. Once\ndone, dispose of the can responsibly.\n\n## Our #1 Recommended Shotgun Tool\n\nDrinking your favorite beer using the shotgun method sounds fun. And now that\nyou know how to shotgun a beer properly, you’re going to want to practice and\nperfect this skill. Use the Bear Claw to make the puncturing easier.\n\nCHECK CURRENT PRICE\n\n## Follow and Share!\n\n#### The 52Brews Team\n\n52Brews brings easy-to-understand, unpretentious craft beer and homebrew\ninformation for our readers. We got you covered on all things craft beer, beer\nof the month clubs, homebrewing, general beer knowledge and more!\n\nblog Tips / Ideas / How-To\n\nPrimary Sidebar\n\n#### Join +2,000 Beer Enthusiasts Today, It's Free.\n\nContact | About | Amazon Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Sitemap\n\n52 Brews is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn\nadvertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com. Amazon, the Amazon\nlogo, AmazonSupply, and the AmazonSupply logo are trademarks of Amazon.com,\nInc. or its affiliates.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://thetab.com/2015/05/01/how-to-drink-beer-quickly-35376", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200609033931/https://thetab.com/2015/05/01/how-to-drink-beer-quickly-35376", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to chug a beer the best and fastest way possible", "passages": [ "Along with casual misogyny, an extensive collection of chinos and a dash of entitlement complex, the ability to neck 568ml of fermented barley is essential if you want to make it in the big bad world of British laddery.", "Peter, 74, from Northampton, spent over 30 years breaking records and holds a truly diverse portfolio of achievements, including being able to eat 148 prunes in a minute.", "He downs a pint in under half a second, a litre of beer 1.30 secs and 90 pints in three hours.", "For pint-downing Pete, the type of bev is more important than the brand. He said: “It has to be bitter, lager’s far too gassy to get down.", "Once you have chosen your preferred ale, according to Peter it’s all a case of mind over matter: “You just have to go for it. The first time I did anything like this, I was in my village pub.", "“I turned up, downed a yard of ale and broke the world record, so you can’t think about it too much.", "The glass that the beer’s in is also of critical importance, Peter recommends a dimple pint glass as the beer “just flows a lot better than a normal straight one.”", "In Pete’s eyes it’s better to keep your head straight and “throw the pint down your neck” keeping both hands firmly on the glass and your mind focused on the drink and feet shoulder width apart.", "Despite being able to bolt 7 in under 17 seconds, Peter said he’s never felt the familiar post chop nausea that afflicts mere mortals: “I’ve never really felt it, it doesn’t bother me at all.”", "He said: “The best reaction was in Germany, they really got me over there, but I couldn’t pick a favourite location, I enjoyed every single one.”" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to chug a beer the best and fastest way possible\n\n * Tips\n * Write for us\n * Advertise\n\n * Universities\n\n * Write\n * Tips\n\n * News\n * Nightlife\n * Guides\n * Opinion\n * Trash\n * Who we are\n * Contact\n\n * UK\n * Aberdeen\n * Belfast\n * Birmingham\n * Bournemouth\n * Bristol\n * Brookes\n * Cambridge\n * Cardiff\n * Coventry\n * Durham\n * Edinburgh\n * Exeter\n * Falmouth\n * Glasgow\n * Hull\n * Kent\n * King's\n * Lancaster\n * Leeds\n * Leicester\n * Lincoln\n * Liverpool\n * London\n * Loughborough\n * Manchester\n * Newcastle\n * University of East Anglia\n * Nottingham\n * Oxford\n * University of Portsmouth\n * Reading\n * Royal Holloway\n * Sheffield\n * Soton\n * St Andrews\n * Sussex\n * Trent\n * UWE\n * Warwick\n * York\n\n# How to chug a beer really fast\n\n‘Hold your head straight and throw it down your neck’\n\n5 years ago\n\nJosh Kaplan\n\nGuide, Life, News THETAB.COM\n\nChopping a beer is one of the best party tricks in the arsenal of any aspiring\nlegend.\n\nAlong with casual misogyny, an extensive collection of chinos and a dash of\nentitlement complex, the ability to neck 568ml of fermented barley is\nessential if you want to make it in the big bad world of British laddery.\n\nBut how do you actually do it?\n\nThe fastest bolter on the planet is retired Peter Dowdeswell, who can chop a\npint in 0.45 seconds.\n\nHe also holds the record for fastest upside down pint\n\nPeter, 74, from Northampton, spent over 30 years breaking records and holds a\ntruly diverse portfolio of achievements, including being able to eat 148\nprunes in a minute.\n\nHe downs a pint in under half a second, a litre of beer 1.30 secs and 90 pints\nin three hours.\n\nHero Peter also holds the world record for the most world records, with 106.\n\nPeter has been downing since the 70s\n\nFor pint-downing Pete, the type of bev is more important than the brand. He\nsaid: “It has to be bitter, lager’s far too gassy to get down.\n\n“But I don’t really have a favourite beer, aside from speed drinking, I’m\nteetotal.”\n\nOnce you have chosen your preferred ale, according to Peter it’s all a case of\nmind over matter: “You just have to go for it. The first time I did anything\nlike this, I was in my village pub.\n\n“I turned up, downed a yard of ale and broke the world record, so you can’t\nthink about it too much.\n\nThe glass that the beer’s in is also of critical importance, Peter recommends\na dimple pint glass as the beer “just flows a lot better than a normal\nstraight one.”\n\nIn Pete’s eyes it’s better to keep your head straight and “throw the pint down\nyour neck” keeping both hands firmly on the glass and your mind focused on the\ndrink and feet shoulder width apart.\n\nDespite being able to bolt 7 in under 17 seconds, Peter said he’s never felt\nthe familiar post chop nausea that afflicts mere mortals: “I’ve never really\nfelt it, it doesn’t bother me at all.”\n\nPeter has toured the globe five different times, performing his pint show in\nTokyo, Moscow and the USA.\n\nHe said: “The best reaction was in Germany, they really got me over there, but\nI couldn’t pick a favourite location, I enjoyed every single one.”\n\nJosh Kaplan\n\nGuide, Life, News THETAB.COM\n\n##### You may also like\n\n### Most Read\n\n### Outrage over social distancing at BLM protests but not VE day proves the\nUK is racist\n\nVivian Iroanya\n\nArgument\n\n### BREAKING: Bristol protesters tear down statue of slave-trader Colston\n\nBen Bloch\n\nNews\n\n### QUIZ: Plan a Chinese takeaway and we’ll tell you where in the UK you’re\nfrom\n\nHarry Ainsworth\n\nTrash\n\n### Only people who spent hours watching CBBC after school will get full marks\non this quiz\n\nHarry Ainsworth\n\nTrash\n\n### Quiz: Which of the Queer Eye Fab Five do you need help from the most?\n\nHayley Soen\n\nTrash\n\n##### Company\n\n * Advertise\n * Privacy Policy\n * Archives\n\n##### Write for us\n\n * Register\n * Login\n\n##### Help\n\n * Who we are\n * Contacts\n * Cookie settings\n\n##### Network\n\n * tabmedia.co\n\n * Get in touch\n\n##### Help\n\n * Who we are\n * Contacts\n * Cookie settings\n\n * Visit Tab Media Ltd.\n * Contact 45 Vyner Street, E2 9DQ, London, UK\n\n * [email protected]\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.thrillist.com/vice/how-to-shotgun-a-beer-bottle-drink-beer-with-a-straw", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200611034858/https://www.thrillist.com/vice/how-to-shotgun-a-beer-bottle-drink-beer-with-a-straw", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Shotgun a Beer Bottle", "passages": [ "Everyone and their dead grandma can shotgun a beer from a can—but did you know you can apply the same laws of physics (or whatever) with a bottle? It's true and—better yet—it's simple. Like all wonderful activities on this planet worth doing, all you need is a straw and a willing mouth. Here's how you can shotgun a bottle of beer in three-ish steps.", "Insert a flexible straw into the bottle and bend. The straw lets air into the bottle and allows the beer to come out easier while preventing spillage.", "Tilt your head back and drink! If you can finish it in under five seconds—unlike our shameful writer, Wil—pat yourself on the back." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Shotgun a Beer Bottle - Drink Beer With A Straw - Thrillist\n\nSkip to main content\n\n * Follow us on Facebook.\n\n * Follow us on Instagram.\n\n * Follow us on Twitter.\n\n * Follow us on Snapchat.\n\n * Subscribe to our Youtube channel.\n\nLifestyle\n\n# How To Shotgun a Beer Bottle\n\nBy Jeremy Glass\n\nPublished on 3/12/2015 at 7:08 PM\n\nEveryone and their dead grandma can shotgun a beer from a can—but did you know\nyou can apply the same laws of physics (or whatever) with a bottle? It's true\nand—better yet—it's simple. Like all wonderful activities on this planet worth\ndoing, all you need is a straw and a willing mouth. Here's how you can shotgun\na bottle of beer in three-ish steps.\n\n## Step One\n\nOpen your bottle. You can't get to the precious beer inside without popping a\ncap—it's just a fact, people.\n\nRecommended\n\nThe History of the Blunt\n\n## Step Two\n\nInsert a flexible straw into the bottle and bend. The straw lets air into the\nbottle and allows the beer to come out easier while preventing spillage.\n\n## Step Three\n\nTilt your head back and drink! If you can finish it in under five\nseconds—unlike our shameful writer, Wil—pat yourself on the back.\n\nThat's how you chug a beer from a bottle. It's so easy, pretty much anyone\ncould do it!\n\nAnyone, but Wil.\n\nFor shame, Wil.\n\nFor shame.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * Careers\n * Cookie Policy\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * Press\n * Privacy\n * Terms + Conditions\n\n©2020 Group Nine Media Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" } ]
1,563,171
How To Ferment Vegetables
To ferment vegetables, chop them into strips or chunks, then use a meat tenderizer to press the vegetables until they start to release their juices. Stir in salt and pour the mixture into a fermenting vessel, leaving at least 3 inches of space at the top of the jar. If there aren’t enough juices to cover the vegetables, top them off with water. Place a weighted lid on the jar and let the ferment sit at room temperature for a few days, tasting it each day until it is as tart as you like it. If mold develops, don’t worry, you can simply scrape it off.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112032217/https://www.runningtothekitchen.com/how-to-ferment-vegetables/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201129083257/https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2014/03/fermenting-veggies-at-home-follow-food-safety-abcs/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201114232819/https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/natural-fermentation/basic-formula-fermenting-any-vegetable/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112023038/https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/natural-fermentation/how-to-keep-fermented-vegetables-submerged/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419185132/https://www.dummies.com/food-drink/cooking/fermenting/basic-containers-used-in-fermenting-food/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201028233756/https://www.growveg.com/guides/preserving-how-to-ferment-garden-vegetables/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201128133954/https://modernfarmer.com/2018/12/how-to-ferment-vegetables-in-three-easy-steps/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111195111/http://www.wildfermentation.com/vegetable-fermentation-further-simplified-2/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150312163110/http://www.culturesforhealth.com:80/how-to-naturally-culture-ferment-vegetables", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201020083105/https://www.culturedfoodlife.com/fermenting-tip-use-a-lid-or-cloth/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201109035207/https://www.thekitchn.com/recipe-lactofermented-mixed-pickles-recipes-from-the-kitchn-194011", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201202061636/https://www.clemson.edu/extension/food/canning/canning-tips/46fermenting-vegetables.html" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.runningtothekitchen.com/how-to-ferment-vegetables/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112032217/https://www.runningtothekitchen.com/how-to-ferment-vegetables/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Ferment Vegetables", "passages": [ "Do you like pickles? Yes? (note -you should check out this post on how to make simple homemade pickles and spicy garlic dill pickles if so).", "I’m a huge proponent of probiotics so while I was filling prescriptions in the drug store these past few months, I was simultaneously buying some kick ass probiotics to try and help keep some good bacteria in my system.", "So, when the second round of antibiotics came around, I decided that instead of spending $30 on probiotic pills and $4 kombucha bottles every time I ventured into the hippie-mart (my loving name for the local natural foods store), I should probably look into this whole lacto-fermented vegetable thing.", "The naturally occurring bacteria on fruits and vegetables is called lactobacillus. When they’re placed in an oxygen free environment, the bacteria convert sugar into lactic acid which is what gives fermented foods their characteristic tangy/sour flavor.", "They’re perfect for snacking on or adding to your meals for a probiotic boost. I’ve been adding them to salads, on top of my protein with lunch or dinner or, just picking at them throughout the day when I’m bored.", "And this is where I’m going to sound like a total nerd, but every time I eat them I silently say “take that, antibiotics, you bitch.”", "plastic lid (not necessary, but if you're going to do this often, the regular metal lids will corrode from the acid)", "Place vegetables and any spices/herbs you're using in the mason jar right up to the bottom of the neck, there should be about 1 inch of space to the top.", "Pour the salt water over the vegetables until it reaches just below the top of the jar. There should be about 1/2 inch of room left.", "Fold a small cabbage leaf and press it down on top of the vegetables so that it keeps the vegetables submerged in the salt water. This isn't necessary, but helps make sure the vegetables are submerged. Feel free to skip this step if you don't have cabbage on hand.", "Close the lid on the jar tightly and place the jars out of direct sunlight in a relatively moderate temperature (68-75 degrees).", "You will start to see some bubbling around day 2 or so. After day 2, over a sink (in case it leaks/drips), gently loosen the lids to let some of the gas escape once or twice a day.", "The vegetables are ready anywhere from day 4-10. The longer they sit, the more tangy they'll be. Taste them starting on day 4 to figure out your preference. I like them best around day 5 or 6.", "Once you decide they're the level of sourness you're looking for, place the the jar in the refrigerator where it will keep for a couple of months (not that they'll last that long!)", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorMay 30, 2014 at 10:38 am\nyes! I want to do fruit next :) Can’t get pickled peaches out of my mind...", "When you put the fermented veggies in the fridge, will the cold stop the fermenting process where it is? They look super yummy, thanks! (Also, made portobellos with the pickled jalapeno hash last weekend, delicious!)", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorMay 30, 2014 at 2:03 pm\nIt doesn’t stop it entirely but it slows it down A LOT. You’ll still hear some gas release when you open the jar after being in the fridge.", "2. Sysan March 20, 2019 at 11:58 am\nThe veggies will continue to ferment, but at a much slower rate.", "I’ve had multiple infections this year too and took 3 rounds of Antibiotic but kept having problems and even more problems from taking the meds. I started researching “hippie” medicine and started taking probiotics and eating lots of yogurt. It’s actually helped a lot. I’m really excited about this post, though. I’m SO TIRED of yogurt! I’ve also read about the benefits of raw garlic for bacterial infections.", "1. Usama July 24, 2019 at 3:10 am\nBro use cultured vegetables. Antibiotics kill ur gd bacteria. I also take multiple antibiotics and my condition worsen day by day bt there is a cure in cultured foods. Move towards cultured foods", "I grew up eating fermented veggies all the time! My mom loves to ferment all kinds of veggies but I never learned how to make it. Thanks for sharing this! I’ll try it out!", "1. Brian Murray May 27, 2020 at 4:55 am\nHi I have fermented vegetables for the first time and followed all steps correctly. Day 5 of fermentation I tasted them and to be quite honest tasted bitter tangy and not convinced at all ? ! Is this the taste they are supposed to be ? Not sure about this Brian", "1. Emotionally Naked June 2, 2020 at 7:06 pm\nIt’s a taste you have to get used to but yeah they are tangy and can be bitter depending on what veggies you put in there. After a while they will taste good to you but at first your palate might resist.", "question – I have never done this before but lots of recipes I have seen before are using some sort of probiotic starter or something. is this necessary or can you just use water and salt?", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJune 4, 2014 at 11:44 pm\nI’ve seen it too. It’s not necessary though, just water and salt will work just fine :)", "1. Lois Cotterly October 11, 2019 at 4:35 pm\nThanks for these instructions. Have been wanting to learn. Please share other fermenting recipes.", "1. Ewa Rzymkowska May 27, 2020 at 10:39 am\nAlso, some spices like mustard seeds or a piece of fresh horseradish root. We make our fermented food like this in Poland?", "3. Usama July 24, 2019 at 3:13 am\nCultured food book by Donna schwenk on genesis library free. Complete guide and instructions are there", "Hi there, it’s me again. I am on day 3. I let off some gas as instructed (should have done it yesterday). One of the jars let off quite dramatically and I lost some liquid, taking it under the veg so I topped it up. Was that the right thing to do? Also, I tried to press the veg down with a big round slice of apple (didn’t have any cabbage) and it worked when I first put it in the jar but the apple turned a brown and green colour so I took it out and replaced it with some baking paper. (I was really worried about mould, especially after I had to fully open the jar and top up the liquid. What’s the deal on any veg not being fully immersed? Will it spoil the whole jar or what?", "Sorry to be a pain, I am very interested in doing this and really like to understand how things work and get them right.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJune 12, 2014 at 4:34 pm\nIf you lose liquid when you let the gasses escape, just add a little water until the vegetables are covered again. If they’re exposed to air, they might form some mold. Honestly, it’s nothing to freak out about. Just scrape it off as best you can and you can still eat the fermented vegetables below it. This is pretty common actually, especially in warm weather.", "Thanks for your last reply. You are so good at responding! Today was day 5 and I tried the veg. The good news is that they are definitely edible but quite salty. Does that mean I need to leave them longer? They’re not very tangy at all.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJune 15, 2014 at 8:43 pm\nHmm...did you use a quart size mason jar? Just want to make sure the water to salt ratio is right b/c at 1 1/2T of salt, they don’t seem particularly salty to me. I’m surprised there’s no “tang” to them yet after 5 days. You can let them sit longer as they should just get more tangy each day.", "3. Helen X June 17, 2018 at 3:28 am\nHi. Been reading the comments and I’ve used baking paper to push down the vegetables instead of cabbage too. Will any nastiest leach out of the paper", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJuly 11, 2014 at 12:23 pm\nIt doesn’t although I would use the best available water you have at your disposal. I use tap water but we have a basic filter on it where it enters the house from the well.", "1. Susan March 20, 2019 at 12:06 pm\nI have noticed questions about water and veggies not fermenting, if you have a public water source with chlorine added it will keep your fermentation from happening. In this case use filtered water or let the chlorine “gass off” before using, though I wouldn’t use public water either way because of other added chemicals like fluoride.", "2. Michael August 9, 2019 at 2:10 pm\nCommercial spring water may have chlorine or other additives as required by the FDA to make it “safe”. Use distilled water. It’s readily available at your local pharmacy/CVS/Walgreens/etc. and much cheaper than spring water.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorOctober 3, 2014 at 10:35 pm\nHave you loosened the lid a little and heard the gasses leaving (like you would if you opened soda)? If not, try that and see. If you hear something, even if faint, you’re good.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJanuary 10, 2015 at 11:19 pm\nI got them off amazon. I linked to it in the post and in the recipe, just click on the plastic lid link (it’s in that teal/green color) and it will take you to the ones I bought on Amazon.", "1. kim May 14, 2015 at 4:13 pm\nI buy plastic mason jar caps at Walmart, right next to the mason jars. They are inexpensive.", "2. Rebecca March 2, 2020 at 11:35 am\nHi! Love my first time making these. 4 large Mason jars and 1 super large jar. I used regular standard lids on 3 jars, and 2 mason jar lids on others. The regular standard jar lid, (jelly. Pb, pickle or anything), works great as long as it seals tight. I’ve had better results and next time I’ll use regular lids or plastic. My next thing is kimchi spicy and I love tempeh. Any advice on making tempeh? I’m not a meat eater, but these foods can be hard to find, and expensive. Thanks!!!;)", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorMarch 10, 2020 at 11:34 am\nHi Rebecca- Sorry for the late reply. I’ve never tried fermenting tempeh so I’m not much help there. Good luck!", "2. Susan November 7, 2020 at 8:10 am\nTry using a plastic wrap over top of mason jar before putting on lid. Keeps acid from eating the metal. It’s been a godsend for me!", "I’m with you on the natural probiotics! I got a stomach problem when I was in India and the only long-term solution has been fermented foods!", "So should I heat the water so the salt dissolves? And then let the water cool before adding it to the veggies or no?", "While shopping to make some fermented veggies, I wondered how “leafy” veggies might do. Have you ever tried this? I was thinking about mustard greens, cilantro, swiss chard etc.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorSeptember 18, 2016 at 6:53 pm\nI haven’t tried but I bet they’d work just fine!", "I see in most recipes that the Jarvis only filled to the neck. Yet it’s suppose to be an oxygen free environment. Is the space between the end of the fill at the neck and the jar lid an oxygen issue?", "1. Sia November 3, 2018 at 12:36 pm\nIf the veggies are all below the brine then the veggies are in an anaerobic environment. If you have problems with the veggies floating, you can get pickle weights to hold them under.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorApril 22, 2017 at 2:15 pm\nNope, just follow the directions in the recipe :)", "This is great! I really want to try fermenting my own stuff at home so I don’t have to buy anything from the grocery store any longer. I don’t really know how much I spend but I can guarantee its probably much easier and cheaper to just make my own! I’ll definitely give this recipe a try, thanks for sharing!", "2. SHARON DURHAM August 11, 2020 at 4:06 pm\nQuestion: When hot bathing, should I leave the fermenting liquid in the jar? Probably a stupid question, but I would be afraid that the jars would become too pressurized and maybe burst? Or does the hot bath stop the fermenting process all together? I am the Assistant Coordinator for our local Farmers Market and pickled everything we grow in our community garden. For the probiotics aspect I was going to see about fermenting and then hot bathing. Do the probiotics diminish with the hot bath? That particular question came up but wasn’t addressed.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorAugust 11, 2020 at 4:16 pm\nHi Sharon- there is no hot bath in this recipe and I haven’t experimented with doing that after the fermentation so I can’t really say how that would or wouldn’t work.", "OK followed the recipe exactly. They bubbled and squirted like crazy. I was so excited it worked, But.... I went to taste the vegetables and they were Soooooo salty. What did I do wrong?", "I did this with a friend and I misunderstood and did not tighten the lid down. The fluid in the jar has turned cloudy and I’m afraid to eat it now that I read your blog about tightening the lids !", "Everyone please use distilled water. And if it’s too salty, use less salt. Did you mean to put 1 1/2 tsp, instead of tbsp?", "1. Ellen May 1, 2020 at 4:58 pm\nCan you use filtered? I used tap water and it is too salty. Can I do something to remedy this batch?", "1. Susan November 7, 2020 at 8:18 am\nThat happened to me with some store-bought pickled turnips! Perhaps try draining off the liquid and replacing with water. For me, it reduced the saltiness considerably.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJanuary 12, 2018 at 7:40 am\nTablespoons. Make sure it’s sea salt. Not table salt.", "1. Lois Van Leuven June 5, 2019 at 5:40 pm\nI just saw this, and I used fine, and it was salty. Will use coarse next time and see what happens. Maybe in recipe, state that you are using coarse. That will help the rest of us. Thanks. :)", "So excited to find youre extremely informative post on fermentation. I think I must have gotten on the same train as you. Haha. I had trouble finding a recipe that didnt involve buying a bunch of gimmicky products. Just a good old mason jar like my grandma used!!! THANKS ALOT!!!", "I tried making sauerkraut with Cutting Edge cultures and it was so nasty! I want to try veggies using the salt method. Is Himalayan salt okay, and can I use a silicon lid with a specially designed slit to allow the gas to release on its own?", "1. Greta March 13, 2018 at 9:26 pm\nI just got done of these new lids for fermenting too. Going to try then with this recipe!", "2. Papricat June 3, 2018 at 5:41 pm\nHimalayan salt is great for fermented veggies ;) (also for sauerkraut and fermented polish cucumbers kiszone)", "3. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:38 pm\nPam, yes. Sea salt, or any other non-iodized salt (hence, no table salt) can be used for fermenting", "I am also seeing some cloudy liquid – did that other post about the cloudy ever get answered? Still smells ok, and is bubbling like mad", "1. Papricat June 3, 2018 at 5:45 pm\nCloudy liquid is normal if smell isn’t off, even some mould on top is ok, you just should wash mould covered veggies before eating. Both are coused by fermenting bacteria.", "I’ve been fermenting for a while and this is the best article I’ve come across. It’s clear and short. Thanks for the great tips!", "1. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:43 pm\nDiane, the spice choice is totally up to you. Some people use a few peppercorns, others use some dill weed. I’ve even heard of some using cilantro or coriander seeds. Mustard seeds are also a good choice. I use dill with my cauliflower/carrot/onion ferments. Many people think dill works great with any veggie ferment. Good luck!", "Do you ever add any sweetener, sugar or honey, to make sweet-sour fermented veggies. If yes, which veggies and how much sweetener?", "Thank you for being so concise. It’s less intimidating and I feel like I can start this right now – unlike everywhere else I searched. So thank you for your brevity and simplicity.", "I’ve just started making kombucha which is similar but as a drink. I am so excited! I can’t wait to try your recipe with vegetables!", "Thanks for the info ! I’m 65 male , exceptional shape and health , every fall I was the slave , hand shredding and salting bushels of cabbage and carrots to fill a 60 gallon oak barrel , canning everything under the sun and mincing crazy amounts of pork to fill 2 – 10 gallon crocks with sausages . We had a pretty large cold room in the basement , we never bought canned or processed food . I started working heavy construction at 14 and have rarely been to a doctor ! I’m getting more back to consuming what I grew up with and I can really feel the difference ! Processed at home Is best ! Thank You !", "I just tried sauerkraut with a recipe from another site and it turned out WONDERFUL. My husband even likes it and he isn’t a fan of sauerkraut. Now, I’m hooked and can’t wait to make some of these veggies! Thank you for the simple recipe...I’ll repost after I’ve tried it!", "1. Kay December 16, 2018 at 8:35 pm\nWould you please leave a link to that recipe! I would love to try kraut! Thanks!", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorDecember 17, 2018 at 8:11 am\nNot sure what you mean – the recipe to make the fermented vegetables is at the bottom of the post.", "Hi Gina Do I have to stirilising jars and lids and what would be the best method to do so ? Thanks for your posts love it Brigitte Australia", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorOctober 18, 2018 at 8:29 am\nYou don’t have to go through the sterilizing process like you would if you were actually canning something.", "Chlorine and fluoride prevented my first batch from fermenting for over a month, first time. Thereafter I use only distilled water. Begins fermenting 1n 30 hours. Any veg is now my fave for snacking. Try Chinese mustard greens!", "Do you drain the water off when transferring it to the fridge to be stored, or store it in the water?", "I want to start fermenting vegetables, but different sites are giving different information on how to do it. For cabbage, another site said that just cabbage and salt, and not adding water. The idea is that the salt draws the water out of the cabbage, and after several hours there is supposed to be enough liquid to submerge the cabbage. But you recommend making a brine with water and salt. Not sure which directions I should follow.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorFebruary 13, 2019 at 9:21 am\nThis is how I do it. I assume there are other ways but this is the recipe I use!", "2. Tobias Brennvik February 14, 2019 at 10:19 am\nDon’t need water for cabbage, just make sure something is pushing it down and water will computer of the cabbage naturally :)", "3. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:49 pm\nFiona, cabbage is one veggie that will release lots of liquid when it is exposed to salt. If you want to be really sure, add salt to the cabbage, then “massage” the cabbage for 5-10 minutes to bring out the water. When you put it in the jar, you will see that there is plenty of liquid brine to cover the cabbage. With other veggies that don’t release liquid, you need to create your own brine (salt plus water) to ensure all the veggies are totally submerged in brine.", "I am excited I found your post! Last year my family had a brutal Cold and flu season. I finally found master tonic, which I feel really gave us the immunity boast we needed. I want to take it one step further and make it with fermented veggies! Thanks so much!!!", "Recently I learned that you dont have to add water if you salt the veg and let it sit overnnight so the juices escape. Then you jar it up juice and all. if you need to add water to completely cover, go ahead.", "Doing the salt brine in the beginning is simply a time saver. In this case salt is optional as its just for flavor. (see John Bergman on you tube, he has a video tutorial on this).", "1. Andrea February 19, 2019 at 5:15 pm\nCan you explain the no salt bit again? I thought salt was necessary to the process? Thanks! Excited to try!", "Someone above asked what to do with the brine after the veggies are consumed. It is FULL of probiotics, too! I love to take a swig or two of it from the jar as I snack on the veggies...it’s delicious! I’ve been making sauerkraut for years. Whatever juice is left in the crock after the sauerkraut gets jarred up gets saved in its own jar & we drink it up a few sips at a time. Yum!", "Can you ferment frozen veggies? I always have small amounts left in several bags in the freezer. And when is it safe to hot bath the jars. After fermentation stops? I worry the jar would explode if sealed before.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJune 17, 2019 at 7:15 am\nI’ve never done it but there would be nothing wrong with doing so if you wanted.", "It’s a lot more helpful to measure your salt by weight not volume. Different types of salt will weigh differently. You want to create a 3% solution. Your 16 cups of water (1 gallon) weighs 3,785 grams. 3,785 X .03 = 113.5 grams of salt needed. It’s a simple calculation you can use for any amount of brine.", "Instead of using sea salt, use Himalayan Pink Salt, brings out the flavor of your veggies. You’ll thank me later.", "1. Alayna April 29, 2020 at 10:44 am\nHow many days did you ferment it when you used Himalayan salt?", "1. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:51 pm\nAlayna, you let your veggies ferment for the same amount of time whether you use sea salt or Himalayan Pink Salt.", "I just started fermenting veggies today.in gallon jars.6 tbsp of sea salt to 16 cups water is this OK..??? ON A FERMENT SITE BUT NO 1 WOULD ANSWER MY QUESTIONS.SO WATCHED UTUBE.So glad I found u.thx", "I fermented a jar of baby carrots with juice from a store-bought sauerkraut and salt water. From the beginning I noticed small amount of white fuzzy stuff on the bottom of jar. Each day the white fuzzy stuff grew a bit on the bottom as well on the tip of baby carrots.", "I think the fermentation is done, and the jar is moved to the fridge. But I’m afraid of eating them because of the this white fuzzy stuff. I have taken a picture of it if you want to see it.", "1. Terri steelman October 12, 2019 at 10:50 pm\nYou have no idea how much you have helped me. I have severe Adhd and for the past 6 months chronic diarrea. My Dr said if you heal your gut you will heal your head. After some research I was all in. First I dewormed myself...even though my test results all said no parasites. They were wrong by the way. Next....heal my gut. I knew about probiotics but prebiotics was new. So I made lots of fermented veggies with your recipe. My gut got better and when it started working right and delivering all the nutrients to my brain and the rest of my body I got so much better. I became me again. Why didn’t anyone tell me how to heal my gut. Unbelievable...it really made a difference in my health and my brain. Thank you so much. There are no words to describe the difference in my body and my brain.", "I would be so grateful if you could translate your measurements (gallons, quarts, etc..) into smaller proportions e.g. pint & sub-divisions, pounds & ounces. For example, how much salt to 1/2 pint of water? Thanks for your great recipe.", "Dropping to a half pint for fermentation is getting tiny. I usually pickle in a five to ten gallon crock. You may want to commit to a quart at a time at least. If I remember correctly quart jar was the original posted recipe. I didn’t read all comments on the site, but would underscore the need for kosher or pickling salt. Iodized salt is a wonderful way to get iodine in most diets, but bad for pickles. Make sure the salt is iodine free.", "1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJanuary 8, 2020 at 7:31 am\nCoarse sea salt or Himalayan salt works best.", "I have never tried making my own fermented foods before! I am going to definitely try this recipe, thanks for posting!", "I just made a batch of your cultured veggies! Can’t wait to try! I have been making some Very Tasty Garlic, Dill Cauliflower kraut for some time now but have not ventured beyond that. My kraut recipe is: 1 lg head of dense green cabbage, 1/2 head of cauliflower, 2 lg cloves of minced garlic, 2 tbsp of dill, 3 tbsp of Celtic Sea salt (course) leaves from cabbage Shred cabbage to desired size (I like mine small) Add salt, garlic and dill. Mash or squeeze until cabbage releases liquid (usually about 15 minutes) break cauliflower into small pieces and mix into cabbage. Pack into a gallon jar pressing down every couple inches. Cut cabbage leaves using lid to jar for size and tuck around top of cabbage pressing down below liquid. I use glass weights to keep down and seal with lid, I prefer the Easy Fermenter lid, as it allows gas to escape and keeps air out. I wait 7 to 10 days and YUM!", "Good ideas. I have used garlic, onion and ginger since I started but never thought of caraway or dill seeds so will give this a shot today.", "I just bought a big thing of fine Himalayan pink salt – any idea how much of this to use, instead of coarse, so I don’t have to go buy more salt..? Thank you!", "Someone above posted a guideline of 3% brine solution= 113.5g salt per gallon- so if you have a kitchen scale you could weigh your salt. 1gallom=4 quarts, so approx. 28.375g salt per quart? That is what I am going to try:) The amount of salt will be heavily influenced by grain size.", "1. Amanda March 21, 2020 at 6:46 pm\nHowever, I am curious to know how ‘vegatable pack’ influences this bc that makes a HUGE difference. Some jars might only have .25-.5 quarts water added. Can a brine solution be made separately at 3% and added as needed or should one quart have 28.375g salt regardless of amount of water as the vegetables absorb it? I’m guessing the latter as the recipe calls to add the right amount of salt to only 2 cups water. The recipe calls for 1.5T coarse salt per quart when a quart=53.29T=2.8% total volume", "Hi, there! I once made sauerkraut in my cupboard using basically the same directions here; my question is, I am in an apartment where there is usually no direct sunlight in any area.. it never reaches my balcony or windows during the day. Can I be successful fermenting veggies in my cupboard like I did with sauerkraut, or is the Direct sunlight required? Thanks in advance and GREAT recipe!", "1. Sandy Karlin May 10, 2020 at 4:34 am\nHi Jenn, The instructions say to keep the jars out of direct sunlight. From your description, anywhere in your apartment will work fine since there’s no direct sunlight.", "Keep it immersed in the brine. I’ve been fermenting for years. We actually use the brine as a salad dressing after we’ve finished the vegetables. It contains the probiotics.", "I live in a city that gets daily temps of 105 and higher. My kitchen is extremely warm. Does this affect the process? If yes, what should I do?", "Once you put it in the fridge do you still need to keep the veggies under the brine level to avoid mold?", "I didn’t know not to use iodized salt and used half iodized sea salt and half pickling salt before reading the comments, do you think it will be ok? What does the iodine do to it?", "https://myfermentedfoods.com/tools/brine-calculator/ Here’s a helpful brine calculator. The salt part can be confusing, but this tool can be very helpful. For those asking if you can drink the brine, the answer is “heck yeah!” It’s so good for you. And you can use a little in a new batch of fermented veggies to help get your ferment started, but it’s not necessary." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Ferment Vegetables - Make Your Own Fermented Vegetables\n\nHow to Ferment Vegetables - Make Your Own Fermented Vegetables\n\n# Running to the Kitchen®\n\nHome » Guides » How To Ferment Vegetables\n\nMay 30, 2014\n\nAs an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.\n\n# How To Ferment Vegetables\n\n4284shares\n\nJUMP TO RECIPE\n\nAn easy homemade tutorial on how to ferment vegetables in a mason jar.\n\nYou’re probably thinking I’ve caught the hippie train straight out of here\nwith this post but hear me out.\n\nDo you like pickles? Yes? (note -you should check out this post on how to make\nsimple homemade pickles and spicy garlic dill pickles if so).\n\nOk then, you’re going to like fermented vegetables.\n\nSo read on.\n\nUnfortunately, I had to be on antibiotics 3 times over the last 6 months.\n\nI absolutely hate taking them and believe me, if there was a way I could’ve\navoided it, I would’ve.\n\nI’m a huge proponent of probiotics so while I was filling prescriptions in the\ndrug store these past few months, I was simultaneously buying some kick ass\nprobiotics to try and help keep some good bacteria in my system.\n\nAnd let me tell you, the *good* probiotic pills, yeah, well they’re costly.\n\nSix times more costly than the antibiotics in fact.\n\nSo, when the second round of antibiotics came around, I decided that instead\nof spending $30 on probiotic pills and $4 kombucha bottles every time I\nventured into the hippie-mart (my loving name for the local natural foods\nstore), I should probably look into this whole lacto-fermented vegetable\nthing.\n\n## Lacto-fermented vegetables\n\nLacto-fermented...it sounds crazy, right?\n\nFirst thing I thought was “wait, there’s milk in this?”\n\nUm, no. Lacto, in this case, doesn’t refer to milk, it refers to lactic-acid.\n\nThe naturally occurring bacteria on fruits and vegetables is called\nlactobacillus. When they’re placed in an oxygen free environment, the bacteria\nconvert sugar into lactic acid which is what gives fermented foods their\ncharacteristic tangy/sour flavor.\n\nSo now that the science lesson is out of the way, here’s the cool part:\n\nvegetables + water + salt + a few days = a probiotic powerhouse of tangy\nvegetable deliciousness.\n\nBonus: it doesn’t cost $30 and they’ll last in the fridge for months.\n\n## How to Ferment Vegetables\n\nWhat you’ll need to ferment vegetables:\n\n * 1 quart wide mouth mason jar\n * plastic lid\n * sea salt\n * water\n\nYou can literally ferment whatever vegetables you like.\n\nThey’re perfect for snacking on or adding to your meals for a probiotic boost.\nI’ve been adding them to salads, on top of my protein with lunch or dinner or,\njust picking at them throughout the day when I’m bored.\n\nYeah, a lot of that.\n\nAnd this is where I’m going to sound like a total nerd, but every time I eat\nthem I silently say “take that, antibiotics, you bitch.”\n\nKimchi is an Asian version of fermented vegetables so if you like that, you’ll\ndefinitely like these fermented vegetables.\n\nAlso make sure to try out this bulgogi kimchi rice plate and this kimchi\npotato hash.\n\n### More pickled recipes to try if you love the taste of fermented vegetables:\n\nSpicy Pickled Pineapple Balsamic Pickled Shiitake Crostini Pickled Fennel\nCitrus Salad Pickled Blueberry Panzanella Salad Mango Melon Soup with Pickled\nCucumber\n\nContinue to Content\n\n# How to ferment vegetables\n\nYield: 8-10 servings\n\nPrep Time: 4 days\n\nTotal Time: 4 days\n\nAn easy homemade tutorial on how to lacto-ferment vegetables in a mason jar.\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * sliced or chopped vegetables (anything will do, I really like broccoli, radishes and carrots)\n * 2 cups water\n * 1 1/2 tablespoon coarse sea salt\n * 1 quart wide mouth mason jar\n * plastic lid (not necessary, but if you're going to do this often, the regular metal lids will corrode from the acid)\n * any spices or herbs you like (peppercorns, dill, basil, bay leaf, etc.)\n * 1 small cabbage leaf\n\n## Instructions\n\n 1. Place vegetables and any spices/herbs you're using in the mason jar right up to the bottom of the neck, there should be about 1 inch of space to the top.\n 2. Stir the salt and water together until dissolved.\n 3. Pour the salt water over the vegetables until it reaches just below the top of the jar. There should be about 1/2 inch of room left.\n 4. Fold a small cabbage leaf and press it down on top of the vegetables so that it keeps the vegetables submerged in the salt water. This isn't necessary, but helps make sure the vegetables are submerged. Feel free to skip this step if you don't have cabbage on hand.\n 5. Close the lid on the jar tightly and place the jars out of direct sunlight in a relatively moderate temperature (68-75 degrees).\n 6. You will start to see some bubbling around day 2 or so. After day 2, over a sink (in case it leaks/drips), gently loosen the lids to let some of the gas escape once or twice a day.\n 7. The vegetables are ready anywhere from day 4-10. The longer they sit, the more tangy they'll be. Taste them starting on day 4 to figure out your preference. I like them best around day 5 or 6.\n 8. Once you decide they're the level of sourness you're looking for, place the the jar in the refrigerator where it will keep for a couple of months (not that they'll last that long!)\n\n## DID YOU MAKE THIS RECIPE?\n\nPlease leave a comment & rating below or share a photo on Instagram and tag\n@runningtothekitchen\n\n© Running to the Kitchen\n\nCategory: Guides\n\nfiled in: Guides\n\nfeaturing:\n\n159 Comments · Subscribe\n\n### 5 Tips To Healthy + Delicious Meals In Under 30 Minutes!\n\n## 159 Comments\n\n 1. How to Philosophize with Cake May 30, 2014 at 7:37 am\n\nGreat tutorial! I’ve never tried fermenting vegetables but I will have to now.\n:)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Nutmeg Nanny May 30, 2014 at 9:09 am\n\nThese look amazing! We need to have a ferment party :)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorMay 30, 2014 at 10:38 am\n\nyes! I want to do fruit next :) Can’t get pickled peaches out of my mind...\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Alison Z May 30, 2014 at 1:23 pm\n\nWhen you put the fermented veggies in the fridge, will the cold stop the\nfermenting process where it is? They look super yummy, thanks! (Also, made\nportobellos with the pickled jalapeno hash last weekend, delicious!)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorMay 30, 2014 at 2:03 pm\n\nIt doesn’t stop it entirely but it slows it down A LOT. You’ll still hear some\ngas release when you open the jar after being in the fridge.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Sysan March 20, 2019 at 11:58 am\n\nThe veggies will continue to ferment, but at a much slower rate.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 4. Norma | Allspice and Nutmeg May 30, 2014 at 5:10 pm\n\nThis looks great, Gina! I’m going to try. I love pickled/fermented veggies.\nPinning.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 5. purelytwins May 30, 2014 at 9:46 pm\n\nWe love fermented veggies and making kraut!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 6. Sloane @ Life Food and Beer May 30, 2014 at 10:13 pm\n\nI’ve had multiple infections this year too and took 3 rounds of Antibiotic but\nkept having problems and even more problems from taking the meds. I started\nresearching “hippie” medicine and started taking probiotics and eating lots of\nyogurt. It’s actually helped a lot. I’m really excited about this post,\nthough. I’m SO TIRED of yogurt! I’ve also read about the benefits of raw\ngarlic for bacterial infections.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Usama July 24, 2019 at 3:10 am\n\nBro use cultured vegetables. Antibiotics kill ur gd bacteria. I also take\nmultiple antibiotics and my condition worsen day by day bt there is a cure in\ncultured foods. Move towards cultured foods\n\nReply ↓\n\n 7. Pingback: Fun Five Friday\n\n 8. Polly @ Tasty Food Project May 31, 2014 at 2:49 am\n\nI grew up eating fermented veggies all the time! My mom loves to ferment all\nkinds of veggies but I never learned how to make it. Thanks for sharing this!\nI’ll try it out!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 9. Millie l Add A Little June 1, 2014 at 1:43 am\n\nI love fermented foods! Sauerkraut, umeboshi, nato – all the best foods are!\n\nhttp://youtube.com/addalittlefood\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Brian Murray May 27, 2020 at 4:55 am\n\nHi I have fermented vegetables for the first time and followed all steps\ncorrectly. Day 5 of fermentation I tasted them and to be quite honest tasted\nbitter tangy and not convinced at all ? ! Is this the taste they are supposed\nto be ? Not sure about this Brian\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Emotionally Naked June 2, 2020 at 7:06 pm\n\nIt’s a taste you have to get used to but yeah they are tangy and can be bitter\ndepending on what veggies you put in there. After a while they will taste good\nto you but at first your palate might resist.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 10. Rachel @ Grok Grub June 2, 2014 at 10:20 am\n\nI’ve GOTTA start doing this, pickles are like my favorite food!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 11. holly June 4, 2014 at 4:52 pm\n\nquestion – I have never done this before but lots of recipes I have seen\nbefore are using some sort of probiotic starter or something. is this\nnecessary or can you just use water and salt?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJune 4, 2014 at 11:44 pm\n\nI’ve seen it too. It’s not necessary though, just water and salt will work\njust fine :)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Lois Cotterly October 11, 2019 at 4:35 pm\n\nThanks for these instructions. Have been wanting to learn. Please share other\nfermenting recipes.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Gabrielle September 30, 2018 at 5:15 pm\n\nJust salt and water :-)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Ewa Rzymkowska May 27, 2020 at 10:39 am\n\nAlso, some spices like mustard seeds or a piece of fresh horseradish root. We\nmake our fermented food like this in Poland?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Usama July 24, 2019 at 3:13 am\n\nCultured food book by Donna schwenk on genesis library free. Complete guide\nand instructions are there\n\nReply ↓\n\n 12. holly June 12, 2014 at 3:39 pm\n\nHi there, it’s me again. I am on day 3. I let off some gas as instructed\n(should have done it yesterday). One of the jars let off quite dramatically\nand I lost some liquid, taking it under the veg so I topped it up. Was that\nthe right thing to do? Also, I tried to press the veg down with a big round\nslice of apple (didn’t have any cabbage) and it worked when I first put it in\nthe jar but the apple turned a brown and green colour so I took it out and\nreplaced it with some baking paper. (I was really worried about mould,\nespecially after I had to fully open the jar and top up the liquid. What’s the\ndeal on any veg not being fully immersed? Will it spoil the whole jar or what?\n\nSorry to be a pain, I am very interested in doing this and really like to\nunderstand how things work and get them right.\n\nThanks in advance.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJune 12, 2014 at 4:34 pm\n\nIf you lose liquid when you let the gasses escape, just add a little water\nuntil the vegetables are covered again. If they’re exposed to air, they might\nform some mold. Honestly, it’s nothing to freak out about. Just scrape it off\nas best you can and you can still eat the fermented vegetables below it. This\nis pretty common actually, especially in warm weather.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Holly June 14, 2014 at 5:55 pm\n\nHey there,\n\nThanks for your last reply. You are so good at responding! Today was day 5 and\nI tried the veg. The good news is that they are definitely edible but quite\nsalty. Does that mean I need to leave them longer? They’re not very tangy at\nall.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJune 15, 2014 at 8:43 pm\n\nHmm...did you use a quart size mason jar? Just want to make sure the water to\nsalt ratio is right b/c at 1 1/2T of salt, they don’t seem particularly salty\nto me. I’m surprised there’s no “tang” to them yet after 5 days. You can let\nthem sit longer as they should just get more tangy each day.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Astrid August 1, 2016 at 3:32 pm\n\nDo you also use the fermented liquid for anything?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorAugust 1, 2016 at 3:37 pm\n\nI don’t...\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Helen X June 17, 2018 at 3:28 am\n\nHi. Been reading the comments and I’ve used baking paper to push down the\nvegetables instead of cabbage too. Will any nastiest leach out of the paper\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Kat kuk January 7, 2020 at 6:14 am\n\nI use coffee filters\n\nReply ↓\n\n 13. Lisa July 9, 2014 at 11:20 pm\n\nDoes it matter whether it’s tap water or bottled water? I’m inclined to use\nthe Ozarka speing water.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJuly 11, 2014 at 12:23 pm\n\nIt doesn’t although I would use the best available water you have at your\ndisposal. I use tap water but we have a basic filter on it where it enters the\nhouse from the well.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Susan March 20, 2019 at 12:06 pm\n\nI have noticed questions about water and veggies not fermenting, if you have a\npublic water source with chlorine added it will keep your fermentation from\nhappening. In this case use filtered water or let the chlorine “gass off”\nbefore using, though I wouldn’t use public water either way because of other\nadded chemicals like fluoride.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Michael August 9, 2019 at 2:10 pm\n\nCommercial spring water may have chlorine or other additives as required by\nthe FDA to make it “safe”. Use distilled water. It’s readily available at your\nlocal pharmacy/CVS/Walgreens/etc. and much cheaper than spring water.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 14. Pingback: 85 Ways to Eat More Fermented Foods -\n\n 15. Jennifer October 3, 2014 at 10:16 pm\n\nand what happens if you see no bubbles after a couple days?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorOctober 3, 2014 at 10:35 pm\n\nHave you loosened the lid a little and heard the gasses leaving (like you\nwould if you opened soda)? If not, try that and see. If you hear something,\neven if faint, you’re good.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Jennifer October 4, 2014 at 11:57 am\n\nThank you! It’s working :)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 16. Tonia January 10, 2015 at 7:35 pm\n\nquestion: where do you find plastic lids for the mason jars?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJanuary 10, 2015 at 11:19 pm\n\nI got them off amazon. I linked to it in the post and in the recipe, just\nclick on the plastic lid link (it’s in that teal/green color) and it will take\nyou to the ones I bought on Amazon.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. kim May 14, 2015 at 4:13 pm\n\nI buy plastic mason jar caps at Walmart, right next to the mason jars. They\nare inexpensive.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Rebecca March 2, 2020 at 11:35 am\n\nHi! Love my first time making these. 4 large Mason jars and 1 super large jar.\nI used regular standard lids on 3 jars, and 2 mason jar lids on others. The\nregular standard jar lid, (jelly. Pb, pickle or anything), works great as long\nas it seals tight. I’ve had better results and next time I’ll use regular lids\nor plastic. My next thing is kimchi spicy and I love tempeh. Any advice on\nmaking tempeh? I’m not a meat eater, but these foods can be hard to find, and\nexpensive. Thanks!!!;)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorMarch 10, 2020 at 11:34 am\n\nHi Rebecca- Sorry for the late reply. I’ve never tried fermenting tempeh so\nI’m not much help there. Good luck!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Susan November 7, 2020 at 8:10 am\n\nTry using a plastic wrap over top of mason jar before putting on lid. Keeps\nacid from eating the metal. It’s been a godsend for me!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 17. Aida Mollenkamp May 21, 2015 at 12:27 pm\n\nI’m with you on the natural probiotics! I got a stomach problem when I was in\nIndia and the only long-term solution has been fermented foods!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 18. Jacinda October 28, 2015 at 11:32 pm\n\nSo should I heat the water so the salt dissolves? And then let the water cool\nbefore adding it to the veggies or no?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 19. Connie September 15, 2016 at 11:58 am\n\nWhile shopping to make some fermented veggies, I wondered how “leafy” veggies\nmight do. Have you ever tried this? I was thinking about mustard greens,\ncilantro, swiss chard etc.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorSeptember 18, 2016 at 6:53 pm\n\nI haven’t tried but I bet they’d work just fine!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 20. Nancy otterbeck October 2, 2016 at 5:23 pm\n\nWhat do you do when the weather gets too cold?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 21. Beki February 20, 2017 at 10:11 pm\n\nI see in most recipes that the Jarvis only filled to the neck. Yet it’s\nsuppose to be an oxygen free environment. Is the space between the end of the\nfill at the neck and the jar lid an oxygen issue?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Sia November 3, 2018 at 12:36 pm\n\nIf the veggies are all below the brine then the veggies are in an anaerobic\nenvironment. If you have problems with the veggies floating, you can get\npickle weights to hold them under.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 22. Daniela April 21, 2017 at 1:47 pm\n\nAre we cooking the vegetables first?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorApril 22, 2017 at 2:15 pm\n\nNope, just follow the directions in the recipe :)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 23. Billy June 19, 2017 at 1:53 pm\n\nThis is great! I really want to try fermenting my own stuff at home so I don’t\nhave to buy anything from the grocery store any longer. I don’t really know\nhow much I spend but I can guarantee its probably much easier and cheaper to\njust make my own! I’ll definitely give this recipe a try, thanks for sharing!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 24. Sally Chasteen July 22, 2017 at 11:09 am\n\nIf I want to ferment beets, can I use steamed beets or do they need to be raw?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJuly 24, 2017 at 2:21 pm\n\nThey should be raw.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 25. Chris July 26, 2017 at 12:22 am\n\nCan a person hot bath these jars to seal and store them down in the storm\ncellar?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJuly 26, 2017 at 9:09 am\n\nYes, definitely!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Ellen May 1, 2020 at 4:55 pm\n\nIt doesn’t kill the probiotics?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Pamela Haney July 9, 2020 at 5:19 pm\n\nYes it does.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. SHARON DURHAM August 11, 2020 at 4:06 pm\n\nQuestion: When hot bathing, should I leave the fermenting liquid in the jar?\nProbably a stupid question, but I would be afraid that the jars would become\ntoo pressurized and maybe burst? Or does the hot bath stop the fermenting\nprocess all together? I am the Assistant Coordinator for our local Farmers\nMarket and pickled everything we grow in our community garden. For the\nprobiotics aspect I was going to see about fermenting and then hot bathing. Do\nthe probiotics diminish with the hot bath? That particular question came up\nbut wasn’t addressed.\n\nThanks for the help.\n\nSharon\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorAugust 11, 2020 at 4:16 pm\n\nHi Sharon- there is no hot bath in this recipe and I haven’t experimented with\ndoing that after the fermentation so I can’t really say how that would or\nwouldn’t work.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 26. Kathy September 8, 2017 at 1:05 am\n\nOK followed the recipe exactly. They bubbled and squirted like crazy. I was so\nexcited it worked, But.... I went to taste the vegetables and they were\nSoooooo salty. What did I do wrong?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 27. Islandbound November 11, 2017 at 9:49 pm\n\nToo salty. I always follow directions and always too salty\n\nReply ↓\n\n 28. Jane Buie November 13, 2017 at 1:28 pm\n\nI did this with a friend and I misunderstood and did not tighten the lid down.\nThe fluid in the jar has turned cloudy and I’m afraid to eat it now that I\nread your blog about tightening the lids !\n\nReply ↓\n\n 29. Ivory November 18, 2017 at 2:28 pm\n\nEveryone please use distilled water. And if it’s too salty, use less salt. Did\nyou mean to put 1 1/2 tsp, instead of tbsp?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Ellen May 1, 2020 at 4:58 pm\n\nCan you use filtered? I used tap water and it is too salty. Can I do something\nto remedy this batch?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Susan November 7, 2020 at 8:18 am\n\nThat happened to me with some store-bought pickled turnips! Perhaps try\ndraining off the liquid and replacing with water. For me, it reduced the\nsaltiness considerably.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 30. Jason January 11, 2018 at 4:36 pm\n\nI was wondering if it is normal to have an odor coming from the hard.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 31. Bongs January 12, 2018 at 3:37 am\n\nQuestion: Salt, 1 1/2 Tea Spoons or Table Spoons?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJanuary 12, 2018 at 7:40 am\n\nTablespoons. Make sure it’s sea salt. Not table salt.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Ellen May 1, 2020 at 4:59 pm\n\nWhy? I used kosher and it did end up too salty\n\nReply ↓\n\n 32. Laura January 23, 2018 at 3:58 pm\n\nIs your sea salt coarse or fine?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJanuary 23, 2018 at 4:45 pm\n\nCoarse.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Lois Van Leuven June 5, 2019 at 5:40 pm\n\nI just saw this, and I used fine, and it was salty. Will use coarse next time\nand see what happens. Maybe in recipe, state that you are using coarse. That\nwill help the rest of us. Thanks. :)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. PrairieChicken January 31, 2020 at 10:00 am\n\nWhen I read the recipe, I saw coarse salt. 8-)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Chris June 24, 2019 at 9:53 pm\n\nAh. Okay. This is important information to include in the recipe.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 33. Julie January 31, 2018 at 4:32 pm\n\nSo excited to find youre extremely informative post on fermentation. I think I\nmust have gotten on the same train as you. Haha. I had trouble finding a\nrecipe that didnt involve buying a bunch of gimmicky products. Just a good old\nmason jar like my grandma used!!! THANKS ALOT!!!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 34. Pam February 12, 2018 at 5:08 pm\n\nI tried making sauerkraut with Cutting Edge cultures and it was so nasty! I\nwant to try veggies using the salt method. Is Himalayan salt okay, and can I\nuse a silicon lid with a specially designed slit to allow the gas to release\non its own?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Greta March 13, 2018 at 9:26 pm\n\nI just got done of these new lids for fermenting too. Going to try then with\nthis recipe!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Papricat June 3, 2018 at 5:41 pm\n\nHimalayan salt is great for fermented veggies ;) (also for sauerkraut and\nfermented polish cucumbers kiszone)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:38 pm\n\nPam, yes. Sea salt, or any other non-iodized salt (hence, no table salt) can\nbe used for fermenting\n\nReply ↓\n\n 35. Todd March 7, 2018 at 12:42 pm\n\nI am also seeing some cloudy liquid – did that other post about the cloudy\never get answered? Still smells ok, and is bubbling like mad\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Papricat June 3, 2018 at 5:45 pm\n\nCloudy liquid is normal if smell isn’t off, even some mould on top is ok, you\njust should wash mould covered veggies before eating. Both are coused by\nfermenting bacteria.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. cindy3539 July 31, 2018 at 9:05 am\n\nCloudy=probiotic ????\n\nReply ↓\n\n 36. Linda March 15, 2018 at 6:03 pm\n\nDo you tighten the lid again after releasing the gas?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:39 pm\n\nLinda, yes, tighten the lid again after “burping”\n\nReply ↓\n\n 37. txgrandma June 5, 2018 at 9:43 am\n\nI’ve been fermenting for a while and this is the best article I’ve come\nacross. It’s clear and short. Thanks for the great tips!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 38. Diane Perkins June 20, 2018 at 11:40 am\n\nI’m not good with spices. Can you specify what spices you add into the above\nrecipe?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:43 pm\n\nDiane, the spice choice is totally up to you. Some people use a few\npeppercorns, others use some dill weed. I’ve even heard of some using cilantro\nor coriander seeds. Mustard seeds are also a good choice. I use dill with my\ncauliflower/carrot/onion ferments. Many people think dill works great with any\nveggie ferment. Good luck!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 39. Paulpato June 26, 2018 at 2:11 am\n\nDo you ever add any sweetener, sugar or honey, to make sweet-sour fermented\nveggies. If yes, which veggies and how much sweetener?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJune 26, 2018 at 9:20 am\n\nI haven’t.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 40. Alex June 28, 2018 at 4:26 pm\n\nHey,\n\nThank you for being so concise. It’s less intimidating and I feel like I can\nstart this right now – unlike everywhere else I searched. So thank you for\nyour brevity and simplicity.\n\nAlex\n\nReply ↓\n\n 41. Mary Gilbert July 6, 2018 at 8:03 pm\n\nI’ve just started making kombucha which is similar but as a drink. I am so\nexcited! I can’t wait to try your recipe with vegetables!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 42. michael werboweckyj August 27, 2018 at 2:20 am\n\nThanks for the info ! I’m 65 male , exceptional shape and health , every fall\nI was the slave , hand shredding and salting bushels of cabbage and carrots to\nfill a 60 gallon oak barrel , canning everything under the sun and mincing\ncrazy amounts of pork to fill 2 – 10 gallon crocks with sausages . We had a\npretty large cold room in the basement , we never bought canned or processed\nfood . I started working heavy construction at 14 and have rarely been to a\ndoctor ! I’m getting more back to consuming what I grew up with and I can\nreally feel the difference ! Processed at home Is best ! Thank You !\n\nReply ↓\n\n 43. Kathy Jackson September 3, 2018 at 4:18 pm\n\nI just tried sauerkraut with a recipe from another site and it turned out\nWONDERFUL. My husband even likes it and he isn’t a fan of sauerkraut. Now, I’m\nhooked and can’t wait to make some of these veggies! Thank you for the simple\nrecipe...I’ll repost after I’ve tried it!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Kay December 16, 2018 at 8:35 pm\n\nWould you please leave a link to that recipe! I would love to try kraut!\nThanks!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorDecember 17, 2018 at 8:11 am\n\nNot sure what you mean – the recipe to make the fermented vegetables is at the\nbottom of the post.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 44. Glo September 18, 2018 at 8:31 pm\n\nyou could save lids for salad dressing jars or mayo jars. they work good.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 45. Dee October 13, 2018 at 5:47 pm\n\ncould you transfer the fermented water to another batch to use? or do you need\nto always start fresh?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorOctober 18, 2018 at 8:28 am\n\nI always start fresh.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 46. Brigitte Krug October 18, 2018 at 4:17 am\n\nHi Gina Do I have to stirilising jars and lids and what would be the best\nmethod to do so ? Thanks for your posts love it Brigitte Australia\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorOctober 18, 2018 at 8:29 am\n\nYou don’t have to go through the sterilizing process like you would if you\nwere actually canning something.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 47. Laura December 1, 2018 at 5:17 pm\n\nWhy is a plastic lid required?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:45 pm\n\na metal lid will corrode after a while.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 48. Pingback: Real Food is Real Medicine - Part 2- Giant Steps Towards Healing\n\n 49. Jerry Oliver January 3, 2019 at 1:45 pm\n\nChlorine and fluoride prevented my first batch from fermenting for over a\nmonth, first time. Thereafter I use only distilled water. Begins fermenting 1n\n30 hours. Any veg is now my fave for snacking. Try Chinese mustard greens!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 50. Diana January 26, 2019 at 5:48 pm\n\nDo you drain the water off when transferring it to the fridge to be stored, or\nstore it in the water?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJanuary 27, 2019 at 8:03 am\n\nKeep it stored in the water.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 51. Fiona February 10, 2019 at 1:43 am\n\nI want to start fermenting vegetables, but different sites are giving\ndifferent information on how to do it. For cabbage, another site said that\njust cabbage and salt, and not adding water. The idea is that the salt draws\nthe water out of the cabbage, and after several hours there is supposed to be\nenough liquid to submerge the cabbage. But you recommend making a brine with\nwater and salt. Not sure which directions I should follow.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorFebruary 13, 2019 at 9:21 am\n\nThis is how I do it. I assume there are other ways but this is the recipe I\nuse!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Tobias Brennvik February 14, 2019 at 10:19 am\n\nDon’t need water for cabbage, just make sure something is pushing it down and\nwater will computer of the cabbage naturally :)\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:49 pm\n\nFiona, cabbage is one veggie that will release lots of liquid when it is\nexposed to salt. If you want to be really sure, add salt to the cabbage, then\n“massage” the cabbage for 5-10 minutes to bring out the water. When you put it\nin the jar, you will see that there is plenty of liquid brine to cover the\ncabbage. With other veggies that don’t release liquid, you need to create your\nown brine (salt plus water) to ensure all the veggies are totally submerged in\nbrine.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 52. Katie C February 10, 2019 at 1:55 pm\n\nI am excited I found your post! Last year my family had a brutal Cold and flu\nseason. I finally found master tonic, which I feel really gave us the immunity\nboast we needed. I want to take it one step further and make it with fermented\nveggies! Thanks so much!!!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 53. SH February 14, 2019 at 10:51 am\n\nRecently I learned that you dont have to add water if you salt the veg and let\nit sit overnnight so the juices escape. Then you jar it up juice and all. if\nyou need to add water to completely cover, go ahead.\n\nDoing the salt brine in the beginning is simply a time saver. In this case\nsalt is optional as its just for flavor. (see John Bergman on you tube, he has\na video tutorial on this).\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Andrea February 19, 2019 at 5:15 pm\n\nCan you explain the no salt bit again? I thought salt was necessary to the\nprocess? Thanks! Excited to try!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 54. Donna Linke February 22, 2019 at 3:44 pm\n\nSomeone above asked what to do with the brine after the veggies are consumed.\nIt is FULL of probiotics, too! I love to take a swig or two of it from the jar\nas I snack on the veggies...it’s delicious! I’ve been making sauerkraut for\nyears. Whatever juice is left in the crock after the sauerkraut gets jarred up\ngets saved in its own jar & we drink it up a few sips at a time. Yum!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 55. Eileen Richards March 4, 2019 at 11:59 am\n\nCan you ferment frozen veggies? I always have small amounts left in several\nbags in the freezer. And when is it safe to hot bath the jars. After\nfermentation stops? I worry the jar would explode if sealed before.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 56. monicah kamande June 17, 2019 at 4:07 am\n\nis it advisable to drink the water after fermenting the recipes .does it have\nany effect?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJune 17, 2019 at 7:15 am\n\nI’ve never done it but there would be nothing wrong with doing so if you\nwanted.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Mitch July 21, 2019 at 9:32 pm\n\nDebbie Bothwell,\n\nIt’s a lot more helpful to measure your salt by weight not volume. Different\ntypes of salt will weigh differently. You want to create a 3% solution. Your\n16 cups of water (1 gallon) weighs 3,785 grams. 3,785 X .03 = 113.5 grams of\nsalt needed. It’s a simple calculation you can use for any amount of brine.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 57. Dave June 24, 2019 at 3:42 pm\n\nInstead of using sea salt, use Himalayan Pink Salt, brings out the flavor of\nyour veggies. You’ll thank me later.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Alayna April 29, 2020 at 10:44 am\n\nHow many days did you ferment it when you used Himalayan salt?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:51 pm\n\nAlayna, you let your veggies ferment for the same amount of time whether you\nuse sea salt or Himalayan Pink Salt.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 58. Debbie bothwell July 4, 2019 at 12:41 am\n\nI just started fermenting veggies today.in gallon jars.6 tbsp of sea salt to\n16 cups water is this OK..??? ON A FERMENT SITE BUT NO 1 WOULD ANSWER MY\nQUESTIONS.SO WATCHED UTUBE.So glad I found u.thx\n\nReply ↓\n\n 59. Leif July 17, 2019 at 5:32 pm\n\nNever knew about fermenting until now. Can’t wait to try it\n\nReply ↓\n\n 60. Emma August 2, 2019 at 6:21 am\n\nI fermented a jar of baby carrots with juice from a store-bought sauerkraut\nand salt water. From the beginning I noticed small amount of white fuzzy stuff\non the bottom of jar. Each day the white fuzzy stuff grew a bit on the bottom\nas well on the tip of baby carrots.\n\nI think the fermentation is done, and the jar is moved to the fridge. But I’m\nafraid of eating them because of the this white fuzzy stuff. I have taken a\npicture of it if you want to see it.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Terri steelman October 12, 2019 at 10:50 pm\n\nYou have no idea how much you have helped me. I have severe Adhd and for the\npast 6 months chronic diarrea. My Dr said if you heal your gut you will heal\nyour head. After some research I was all in. First I dewormed myself...even\nthough my test results all said no parasites. They were wrong by the way.\nNext....heal my gut. I knew about probiotics but prebiotics was new. So I made\nlots of fermented veggies with your recipe. My gut got better and when it\nstarted working right and delivering all the nutrients to my brain and the\nrest of my body I got so much better. I became me again. Why didn’t anyone\ntell me how to heal my gut. Unbelievable...it really made a difference in my\nhealth and my brain. Thank you so much. There are no words to describe the\ndifference in my body and my brain.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorOctober 14, 2019 at 7:44 am\n\nSo glad to hear this, be well!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 61. Ingrid @ Food For Soul November 8, 2019 at 9:27 pm\n\nThis is so cool! Gonna give this a try!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 62. Anne Gordon November 11, 2019 at 2:34 pm\n\nI would be so grateful if you could translate your measurements (gallons,\nquarts, etc..) into smaller proportions e.g. pint & sub-divisions, pounds &\nounces. For example, how much salt to 1/2 pint of water? Thanks for your great\nrecipe.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 63. Scott L. sls4ak December 12, 2019 at 5:59 pm\n\nDropping to a half pint for fermentation is getting tiny. I usually pickle in\na five to ten gallon crock. You may want to commit to a quart at a time at\nleast. If I remember correctly quart jar was the original posted recipe. I\ndidn’t read all comments on the site, but would underscore the need for kosher\nor pickling salt. Iodized salt is a wonderful way to get iodine in most diets,\nbut bad for pickles. Make sure the salt is iodine free.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 64. ruby January 7, 2020 at 4:56 pm\n\ndoes it matter what kind of salt you use ?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorJanuary 8, 2020 at 7:31 am\n\nCoarse sea salt or Himalayan salt works best.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 65. Callie February 10, 2020 at 8:32 pm\n\nI have never tried making my own fermented foods before! I am going to\ndefinitely try this recipe, thanks for posting!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 66. Tracy Paarmann February 15, 2020 at 3:54 pm\n\nFor spices, do you prefer fresh? Are dried ok?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorFebruary 16, 2020 at 8:29 pm\n\nEither will work!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 67. Laurie Morgan February 26, 2020 at 11:35 am\n\nI just made a batch of your cultured veggies! Can’t wait to try! I have been\nmaking some Very Tasty Garlic, Dill Cauliflower kraut for some time now but\nhave not ventured beyond that. My kraut recipe is: 1 lg head of dense green\ncabbage, 1/2 head of cauliflower, 2 lg cloves of minced garlic, 2 tbsp of\ndill, 3 tbsp of Celtic Sea salt (course) leaves from cabbage Shred cabbage to\ndesired size (I like mine small) Add salt, garlic and dill. Mash or squeeze\nuntil cabbage releases liquid (usually about 15 minutes) break cauliflower\ninto small pieces and mix into cabbage. Pack into a gallon jar pressing down\nevery couple inches. Cut cabbage leaves using lid to jar for size and tuck\naround top of cabbage pressing down below liquid. I use glass weights to keep\ndown and seal with lid, I prefer the Easy Fermenter lid, as it allows gas to\nescape and keeps air out. I wait 7 to 10 days and YUM!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 68. Laura March 8, 2020 at 9:43 pm\n\nGood ideas. I have used garlic, onion and ginger since I started but never\nthought of caraway or dill seeds so will give this a shot today.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 69. Roxane Scherek March 19, 2020 at 5:48 pm\n\nI just bought a big thing of fine Himalayan pink salt – any idea how much of\nthis to use, instead of coarse, so I don’t have to go buy more salt..? Thank\nyou!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 70. Amanda March 21, 2020 at 6:30 pm\n\nSomeone above posted a guideline of 3% brine solution= 113.5g salt per gallon-\nso if you have a kitchen scale you could weigh your salt. 1gallom=4 quarts, so\napprox. 28.375g salt per quart? That is what I am going to try:) The amount of\nsalt will be heavily influenced by grain size.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Amanda March 21, 2020 at 6:46 pm\n\nHowever, I am curious to know how ‘vegatable pack’ influences this bc that\nmakes a HUGE difference. Some jars might only have .25-.5 quarts water added.\nCan a brine solution be made separately at 3% and added as needed or should\none quart have 28.375g salt regardless of amount of water as the vegetables\nabsorb it? I’m guessing the latter as the recipe calls to add the right amount\nof salt to only 2 cups water. The recipe calls for 1.5T coarse salt per quart\nwhen a quart=53.29T=2.8% **total volume**. If it were me, I would weigh the\nsalt and try around 28g a quart or a bit under bc too much salt is far worse:p\n\nReply ↓\n\n 71. Jenn March 25, 2020 at 7:31 pm\n\nHi, there! I once made sauerkraut in my cupboard using basically the same\ndirections here; my question is, I am in an apartment where there is usually\nno direct sunlight in any area.. it never reaches my balcony or windows during\nthe day. Can I be successful fermenting veggies in my cupboard like I did with\nsauerkraut, or is the Direct sunlight required? Thanks in advance and GREAT\nrecipe!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Sandy Karlin May 10, 2020 at 4:34 am\n\nHi Jenn, The instructions say to keep the jars out of direct sunlight. From\nyour description, anywhere in your apartment will work fine since there’s no\ndirect sunlight.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 72. Gillian Eve April 6, 2020 at 6:36 am\n\nI loosened the lid after 2 days, but no sign of gas :/ What did I do wrong? :D\n\nReply ↓\n\n 73. Susan Dubose April 28, 2020 at 9:48 pm\n\nKeep it immersed in the brine. I’ve been fermenting for years. We actually use\nthe brine as a salad dressing after we’ve finished the vegetables. It contains\nthe probiotics.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 74. Lori June 23, 2020 at 9:53 pm\n\nIt look healthy... Good idea for vegetable! Thank for sharing!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 75. Norma July 15, 2020 at 4:46 pm\n\nI live in a city that gets daily temps of 105 and higher. My kitchen is\nextremely warm. Does this affect the process? If yes, what should I do?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Dawn August 25, 2020 at 4:57 pm\n\nNorma, the veggies will ferment faster in a warmer place.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 76. Emily Stimpson August 16, 2020 at 8:46 pm\n\nEasy and homemade – love it!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 77. Lisa August 17, 2020 at 1:09 am\n\nDelicious, This will be a new recipe to try in our house. Thank you so much!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 78. Kat August 17, 2020 at 2:47 am\n\nThis is how I do it. I assume there are other ways but this is the recipe I\nuse!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 79. judy August 22, 2020 at 8:30 pm\n\nOnce you put it in the fridge do you still need to keep the veggies under the\nbrine level to avoid mold?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorAugust 23, 2020 at 8:48 am\n\nNo, that’s not necessary at that point.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 80. Mbutor egele September 2, 2020 at 8:23 am\n\nNice to hear about ferminated veg and their work in the body thank u so much\n\nReply ↓\n\n 81. Raina Gates September 14, 2020 at 3:46 pm\n\nI didn’t know not to use iodized salt and used half iodized sea salt and half\npickling salt before reading the comments, do you think it will be ok? What\ndoes the iodine do to it?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 82. Jeri September 22, 2020 at 11:05 am\n\nIs it okay to use alkaline water?\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Running to the Kitchen Post authorSeptember 22, 2020 at 11:48 am\n\nI haven’t tried but would assume so.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 83. Rachel October 1, 2020 at 11:33 am\n\nhttps://myfermentedfoods.com/tools/brine-calculator/ Here’s a helpful brine\ncalculator. The salt part can be confusing, but this tool can be very helpful.\nFor those asking if you can drink the brine, the answer is “heck yeah!” It’s\nso good for you. And you can use a little in a new batch of fermented veggies\nto help get your ferment started, but it’s not necessary.\n\nReply ↓\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Looking for Something?\n\n### Archives\n\n### Find Recipes\n\n * Appetizers\n * Breakfast\n * Dessert\n * Drinks + Smoothies\n * Main Dishes\n * Salads\n * Side Dishes\n * Soups + Stews\n\n### 5 Tips To Healthy + Delicious Meals In Under 30 Minutes!\n\n### Let’s Connect!\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Youtube\n * Bloglovin\n * Feedly\n\n* Running to the Kitchen® © 2020\n\n * About\n * Work With Me\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact\n\n* design by LH\n\n4284shares\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2014/03/fermenting-veggies-at-home-follow-food-safety-abcs/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201129083257/https://www.foodsafetynews.com/2014/03/fermenting-veggies-at-home-follow-food-safety-abcs/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fermenting Veggies at Home: Follow Food Safety ABCs", "passages": [ "Fermentation has become what USDA microbiologist Fred Breidt, Jr., describes as a “movement that’s picking up speed.” And for good reason, said Breidt, who specializes in the safety of fermented and acidic foods. Referring to home preparers, small producers and restaurant owners, he said that “they like being able to pick up these nice flavors (from fermentation) and making new ones.” Sandor Katz, author of “Wild Fermentation” and “The Art of Fermentation,” refers to this “food movement” as a “fermentation revival.” Considered to be “live foods, fermented foods have a natural tart flavor because the sugars and carbohydrates have been broken down and used up during fermentation.” Katz said that, in the case of vegetables, they’re more digestible than raw ones. And, because they contain “living bacteria,” they help digest other foods in the digestive tract. Fermentation has long been part of human history. In fact, food scientists say that it played a vital role in human survival in the days before stoves and refrigerators simply because it allowed people to preserve food in a nutritional and safe way. Think foods such as cheese, yogurt, sauerkraut, kimchee, olives, salami, jerky and even bread. And think beverages such as wine and beer, not to mention coffee and hot chocolate. All of these — and many more — are examples of fermented foods. Although we eat one form of fermented food every day, the idea of fermenting our own food conjures up images of strange, iffy, and perhaps dangerous dishes. Surely it would be best to leave it to the experts. Not so, say food scientists, microbiologists and fermentation advocates — especially in the case of fermented raw vegetables. They point out that just about any raw vegetable can be safely fermented at home, if done properly. Breidt has often been quoted as saying that the scientific literature has never recorded a case of food poisoning involving raw vegetables that have been fermented properly. But he emphasized that the key word here is “properly,” which some people who quote him fail to include in that sentence. How does it work? Simply put, fermentation of vegetables happens when the natural bacteria in the vegetables break down the components of the vegetables into forms easier to digest and often more nutritious than the raw vegetable itself. For those who have apprehensions about food safety, Breidt said that fermented vegetables can be safer than raw vegetables, thanks to the ability of lactic acid, which forms during fermentation, to hunt down and kill any harmful bacteria that might be present. “It’s almost bulletproof,” he said, referring to fermentation of vegetables, which almost always includes adding salt to shredded, chopped or grated raw vegetables. Breidt refers to lactic acid bacteria as the “world champions for consuming sugars and converting them to lactic acid.” From there, the lactic acid gets to work overpowering any pathogens on hand. Fermentation was probably one of the first technologies adopted by humans, Breidt said, noting that it likely developed about the same time as pots in which to hold food. “Vegetables and salt got together,” he said, conjecturing about how this happy “food marriage” began. Humans probably adopted fermentation about 12,000 years ago — at the dawn of civilization — and Breidt said the technology rapidly spread from region to region. “We still do it the same way today,” he said. “Why? Because it works. It’s hard to mess it up. Things can go wrong, but it’s rare.” Author Sandor Katz echoed this, telling Food Safety News that home fermentation of raw vegetables is intrinsically safe. He listed cabbage, daikon radishes, turnips, parsnips, cucumbers, okra, string beans and green tomatoes as good candidates for fermentation. “There’s no vegetable you can’t ferment,” he said, but added that leafy greens such as kale — because of their chlorophyll content — aren’t to most people’s liking. During an NPR interview, Katz explained that pickling and fermentation are not the same, although they are “overlapping” categories. A cucumber, for example, can be pickled with vinegar or fermented without vinegar, using a salty brine instead. During fermentation, however, vinegar and other acids are produced, which is why fermented sauerkraut and pickles taste “vinegary.” When looking at fermented foods collectively, Katz said they’re a big part of the food industry, which means that a lot of research has been done, and is being done, on fermentation. Even now, he said, the traditional methods of fermentation continue to work well. He pointed out that, until a few generations ago, fermentation was a common way to process foods. “Historically, it was a way for people to preserve the harvest for the winter,” he said. But now that it isn’t commonly done at home or in the community, people tend not to ferment foods at home because of their fear of bacteria, viewing fermentation as some sort of “mystique.” Breidt said that, in Germany, sauerkraut was an important way to stay healthy during the winter, thanks to its nutritional value, which includes healthy amounts of Vitamin C. He also said that sailors, including those on Captain Cook’s crew, ate sauerkraut as a way to get enough Vitamin C. “A large chunk of human history relied on fermentation as a way to preserve vegetables and help keep people healthy,” he said. Today, fermentation continues to be widespread and practiced in all parts of the world, with regions and nations having their own special favorite fermented foods — kimchee in Korea, for example, and sauerkraut in Germany. What about food safety? While fermented vegetables can be safer than raw vegetables, primarily because the fermentation process kills harmful bacteria, basic food-safety practices need to be followed. Both Breidt and Katz said that it’s important to start out with vegetables that have been grown using good food-safety practices. This includes making sure the vegetables didn’t come into contact with manure or compost that still has some pathogens such as E. coli or Salmonella in it. “You don’t want to use vegetables that have been contaminated when they’re raw,” Katz said. “Just normal fermentation will kill the organisms,” said Breidt. “But you don’t want to ignore good handling and good sanitary practices.” These include washing the produce, your hands, any cutting or preparation utensils, surfaces where the food will be cut or chopped, and any containers you use for the food. As for quality, both agree that the fresher the veggies, the better. University of Idaho food scientist Gulhan Unlu, who focuses on food microbiology and bacteriology, told Food Safety News that the biggest concern with fermented vegetables is contamination after the foods have been fermented. This includes handling them with unclean hands, or letting them come into contact with contaminated meat or fish or with surfaces that haven’t been adequately cleaned. But overall, she agreed that, from a food-safety standpoint, fermented vegetables can be safer than raw vegetables. A World Health Organization report, which focused on the value of fermentation for people in developing nations who don’t have refrigeration — or enough fuel to thoroughly cook their food, or to store it at high enough temperatures, or to reheat it — shared some similar thoughts about food safety. “From the food safety point of view, the benefits of fermentation include the inhibition of the growth of most pathogenic bacteria and the formation of bacterial toxins,” states the report. The report also made it clear that basic food-safety guidelines must be followed and states that “there is considerable evidence that lactic acid fermentation inhibits the survival and multiplication of a number of bacterial pathogens.” However, the report adds, the potential of lactic acid fermentation to control the harmful effects of food contamination depends on factors difficult to quantify, such as the initial level of contamination, which, in turn, depends on local conditions, levels of hygiene and sanitation, and the resulting degree of acidity. “On its own, fermentation cannot eliminate all food-related health risks, and it should not be seen as a replacement for observing the principles of food hygiene,” reads the report. Proper temperature is important. According to USDA, at temperatures between 70-75 degrees F, kraut will be fully fermented in about three to four weeks; at 60-65 degrees F, fermentation may take five to six weeks. At temperatures lower than 60 degrees F, kraut may not ferment, and, above 75 degrees F, kraut may become soft. The take-home message: Proper fermentation temperature allows for problem pathogens to be “selected” and destroyed, while it also inhibits the growth of organisms that can spoil the food. Salt is an essential ingredient, and since consumers don’t usually have a good way to measure salt concentration in the finished product, they need to be sure they measure the salt carefully and follow a tested recipe. Types of salt to use are canning and pickling salt, since table salt, kosher salt, or other types of salt cannot be interchanged with canning and pickling salt. Also, salt with iodine added shouldn’t be used since iodine can inhibit fermentation. The correct level of salt to use varies with the food being fermented. It ranges from 2.25 percent (by volume) for sauerkraut to more than 13 percent for other food items. Again, tested recipes should be followed when it comes to the proper amount of salt to use. Salt affects the type and extent of microbial activity and helps keep vegetables from becoming soft. Storage time also affects the texture. The shorter the time, the firmer the vegetables. Storing food that has already been fermented in the refrigerator or a root cellar significantly slows down the rate of fermentation. That’s why fermented foods can be stored for up to three months, or longer, without losing their quality and good taste. Fermented food needs to reach a pH level of 4.6 or lower (which indicates it is acidic enough to be safe). Fermentation, if done properly, will bring food to the “safe” acid level. In a case of botulism poisoning in fermented tofu in 2012 in New York City, the city’s health department informed the manager of the grocery store where the tofu was purchased that the tofu needed to be stored below 41 degrees F. in closed containers. The people who fell ill bought from the store’s bulk tofu, which had been kept unrefrigerated, uncovered, and in water-filled bins. Botulism is an extremely dangerous and often deadly foodborne pathogen. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, only one similar botulism poisoning in the U.S. has been recorded. Yet home-fermented tofu and other fermented bean products are the leading cause of botulism poisoning in China. Again, the proper food-safety precautions, chief among them sanitation, but also temperature controls, need to be taken. Sauerkraut it is Breidt encourages people to find tested recipes at university Extension sites or in cookbooks written by reputable food experts. Making sauerkraut is a good way to get started on the road to fermentation. It’s simple to do but also involves a basic procedure that can be used with other vegetables, although the amount of salt and fermenting time can vary. Breidt advises beginners to grate, chop or shred the vegetables they plan to ferment because vegetables such as carrots and beets are dense enough that it’s difficult for the lactic acid to get inside of them if they’re in big chunks. The more surface area, the better — and the safer. However, he said that’s not the case with cucumbers, primarily because they’re about 90 percent water, which makes it easier for the lactic acid to penetrate them. Getting started To get started making sauerkraut, select a nice-looking, firm head of cabbage that’s as fresh as possible. Remove the outer leaves and cut out any spoiled or damaged spots. Rinse the cabbage head. Quarter the cabbage and remove the core. After shredding, grating or chopping the cabbage, put it into a clean container large enough for a generous amount of headroom at the top. Add the amount of salt suggested in the recipe and spread it out evenly throughout the cabbage. (Some people layer the cabbage and the salt.) Mix it together well, and then let it set for 10 minutes so that the salt can start drawing the juice out of the cabbage. Katz recommends three tablespoons of salt for five pounds of cabbage. But he also says that he uses more salt in the summer and less in the winter. (A medium-sized head of cabbage weighs about 2 to 2-1/2 pounds.) Start squeezing handfuls of the cabbage as hard as you can. The goal is to get as much juice out of the cabbage as possible. Some people pound the cabbage mixture with a potato masher or a tool known as a “kraut pounder.” Overall, this part of the process takes about 10 minutes. Some people like to add “a starter” such as lactobacillus or whey to speed things up. But Katz said that it’s not necessary to do that since fermentation is a natural process that doesn’t need any sort of a boost. A USDA recipe for sauerkraut calls for only salt and cabbage. However, if you do use a packaged starter, make sure you follow the instructions. Once the brine has been “released,” tightly pack the cabbage into a clean fermenting jar, crock, or food-grade plastic container (don’t use anything metal), making sure there are no cracks or scratches in the containers that could harbor pathogens. Other good choices for containers include a glass jar with a standard airlock system (available online or in some kitchen-goods stores), a round slow-cooker insert (make sure it doesn’t have any cracks), or a specialty ceramic fermenting crock (complete with lids, weights, a water-trough-airlock system and weights). Cultures for Health has more information about equipment and tools for fermenting sauerkraut and other vegetables. With the goal of keeping the cabbage submerged in its brine, put some sort of sterile lid on top of it once it’s in the new container. A large plate can work well, with a zip-lock plastic bag filled with water placed on top of the plate to weight it down. A sterilized heavy rock on top of the plate will also do the trick. In the case of a smaller batch, an open-mouth canning jar with a smaller jar filled with water placed on top of the chopped cabbage to keep it submerged works well. Whether making a large or small batch, place a clean towel over the container and secure it with a rubber band. This will keep insects out while allowing some of the gases produced during fermentation to escape. The goal at this point is to keep the minimum amount of oxygen from reaching the vegetables so that mold doesn’t develop. But, if a light amount of mold does develop at the surface, just skim it off and remove any of the sauerkraut that has become discolored. It’s essential not to let mold develop to the point that it can get down into the sauerkraut or other vegetables being fermented. If that happens, Breidt advises, for the sake of food safety, toss the batch. Once all of that is done, put the sauerkraut in a place where you can keep an eye on it. After about three to 21 days, the brine will clear and the cabbage will start to taste tangy. Start sampling to see when the sauerkraut tastes the way you want. Some people like a lightly fermented sauerkraut; others like it tangier. Once it reaches the stage you like it, put it into a container, such as a tightly covered jar, and put it into the refrigerator, making sure there’s 1/2 inch of headroom. It’s important that the brine covers the sauerkraut. If the kraut doesn’t stay submerged, add some clean water. It’s also important to release the pressure from the gases that will build up. This can be done by opening the lid now and then to let the gases escape. Other vegetables such as grated carrots, beets or turnips can be added to the sauerkraut mix at the beginning of the process. Adding red cabbage, which provides some color, is another option. Caraway seeds, garlic or even juniper berries are another nice touch. “Why not?” Breidt commented, referring to using a mix of ingredients. “That’s what adds flavor and variety to fermented vegetables.” As the sauerkraut cools down when you put it in the refrigerator or into a root cellar, the fermentation process slows rapidly, which means you’ll be able to enjoy the finished product for several weeks or longer. Many people find that putting their fermented vegetables in a root cellar or refrigerator for four to six weeks improves the flavor. In storage, the bacteria continue to ferment, but at a very slow rate. Fermented vegetables with 1 percent to 2 percent salt by volume of the fermented product should keep well for at least four to nine months, respectively, in a refrigerator. A 2-percent salted version should keep well in a dark, cool area such as a root cellar for at least three months, if the vegetables are kept submerged under liquid. Some people recommend covering the containers with a dark cloth to maintain Vitamin C levels. Katz has a video of how to make sauerkraut on YouTube. The National Center for Home Food Preservation has more information about fermentation and recipes including sauerkraut and pickles." ] }, "parsed_md": "Fermenting Veggies at Home: Follow Food Safety ABCs | Food Safety News\n\nSkip to content\n\nSponsored by Marler Clark\n\nSponsored by Marler Clark\n\n# Food Safety News\n\nBreaking news for everyone's consumption\n\nSearch\n\n# Food Safety News\n\n# Fermenting Veggies at Home: Follow Food Safety ABCs\n\nBy Cookson Beecher on March 11, 2014\n\nFermentation has become what USDA microbiologist Fred Breidt, Jr., describes\nas a “movement that’s picking up speed.” And for good reason, said Breidt, who\nspecializes in the safety of fermented and acidic foods. Referring to home\npreparers, small producers and restaurant owners, he said that “they like\nbeing able to pick up these nice flavors (from fermentation) and making new\nones.” Sandor Katz, author of “Wild Fermentation” and “The Art of\nFermentation,” refers to this “food movement” as a “fermentation revival.”\nConsidered to be “live foods, fermented foods have a natural tart flavor\nbecause the sugars and carbohydrates have been broken down and used up during\nfermentation.” Katz said that, in the case of vegetables, they’re more\ndigestible than raw ones. And, because they contain “living bacteria,” they\nhelp digest other foods in the digestive tract. Fermentation has long been\npart of human history. In fact, food scientists say that it played a vital\nrole in human survival in the days before stoves and refrigerators simply\nbecause it allowed people to preserve food in a nutritional and safe way.\nThink foods such as cheese, yogurt, sauerkraut, kimchee, olives, salami, jerky\nand even bread. And think beverages such as wine and beer, not to mention\ncoffee and hot chocolate. All of these — and many more — are examples of\nfermented foods. Although we eat one form of fermented food every day, the\nidea of fermenting our own food conjures up images of strange, iffy, and\nperhaps dangerous dishes. Surely it would be best to leave it to the experts.\nNot so, say food scientists, microbiologists and fermentation advocates —\nespecially in the case of fermented raw vegetables. They point out that just\nabout any raw vegetable can be safely fermented at home, if done properly.\nBreidt has often been quoted as saying that the scientific literature has\nnever recorded a case of food poisoning involving raw vegetables that have\nbeen fermented properly. But he emphasized that the key word here is\n“properly,” which some people who quote him fail to include in that sentence.\nHow does it work? Simply put, fermentation of vegetables happens when the\nnatural bacteria in the vegetables break down the components of the vegetables\ninto forms easier to digest and often more nutritious than the raw vegetable\nitself. For those who have apprehensions about food safety, Breidt said that\nfermented vegetables can be safer than raw vegetables, thanks to the ability\nof lactic acid, which forms during fermentation, to hunt down and kill any\nharmful bacteria that might be present. “It’s almost bulletproof,” he said,\nreferring to fermentation of vegetables, which almost always includes adding\nsalt to shredded, chopped or grated raw vegetables. Breidt refers to lactic\nacid bacteria as the “world champions for consuming sugars and converting them\nto lactic acid.” From there, the lactic acid gets to work overpowering any\npathogens on hand. Fermentation was probably one of the first technologies\nadopted by humans, Breidt said, noting that it likely developed about the same\ntime as pots in which to hold food. “Vegetables and salt got together,” he\nsaid, conjecturing about how this happy “food marriage” began. Humans probably\nadopted fermentation about 12,000 years ago — at the dawn of civilization —\nand Breidt said the technology rapidly spread from region to region. “We still\ndo it the same way today,” he said. “Why? Because it works. It’s hard to mess\nit up. Things can go wrong, but it’s rare.” Author Sandor Katz echoed this,\ntelling Food Safety News that home fermentation of raw vegetables is\nintrinsically safe. He listed cabbage, daikon radishes, turnips, parsnips,\ncucumbers, okra, string beans and green tomatoes as good candidates for\nfermentation. “There’s no vegetable you can’t ferment,” he said, but added\nthat leafy greens such as kale — because of their chlorophyll content — aren’t\nto most people’s liking. During an NPR interview, Katz explained that pickling\nand fermentation are not the same, although they are “overlapping” categories.\nA cucumber, for example, can be pickled with vinegar or fermented without\nvinegar, using a salty brine instead. During fermentation, however, vinegar\nand other acids are produced, which is why fermented sauerkraut and pickles\ntaste “vinegary.” When looking at fermented foods collectively, Katz said\nthey’re a big part of the food industry, which means that a lot of research\nhas been done, and is being done, on fermentation. Even now, he said, the\ntraditional methods of fermentation continue to work well. He pointed out\nthat, until a few generations ago, fermentation was a common way to process\nfoods. “Historically, it was a way for people to preserve the harvest for the\nwinter,” he said. But now that it isn’t commonly done at home or in the\ncommunity, people tend not to ferment foods at home because of their fear of\nbacteria, viewing fermentation as some sort of “mystique.” Breidt said that,\nin Germany, sauerkraut was an important way to stay healthy during the winter,\nthanks to its nutritional value, which includes healthy amounts of Vitamin C.\nHe also said that sailors, including those on Captain Cook’s crew, ate\nsauerkraut as a way to get enough Vitamin C. “A large chunk of human history\nrelied on fermentation as a way to preserve vegetables and help keep people\nhealthy,” he said. Today, fermentation continues to be widespread and\npracticed in all parts of the world, with regions and nations having their own\nspecial favorite fermented foods — kimchee in Korea, for example, and\nsauerkraut in Germany. What about food safety? While fermented vegetables can\nbe safer than raw vegetables, primarily because the fermentation process kills\nharmful bacteria, basic food-safety practices need to be followed. Both Breidt\nand Katz said that it’s important to start out with vegetables that have been\ngrown using good food-safety practices. This includes making sure the\nvegetables didn’t come into contact with manure or compost that still has some\npathogens such as E. coli or Salmonella in it. “You don’t want to use\nvegetables that have been contaminated when they’re raw,” Katz said. “Just\nnormal fermentation will kill the organisms,” said Breidt. “But you don’t want\nto ignore good handling and good sanitary practices.” These include washing\nthe produce, your hands, any cutting or preparation utensils, surfaces where\nthe food will be cut or chopped, and any containers you use for the food. As\nfor quality, both agree that the fresher the veggies, the better. University\nof Idaho food scientist Gulhan Unlu, who focuses on food microbiology and\nbacteriology, told Food Safety News that the biggest concern with fermented\nvegetables is contamination after the foods have been fermented. This includes\nhandling them with unclean hands, or letting them come into contact with\ncontaminated meat or fish or with surfaces that haven’t been adequately\ncleaned. But overall, she agreed that, from a food-safety standpoint,\nfermented vegetables can be safer than raw vegetables. A World Health\nOrganization report, which focused on the value of fermentation for people in\ndeveloping nations who don’t have refrigeration — or enough fuel to thoroughly\ncook their food, or to store it at high enough temperatures, or to reheat it —\nshared some similar thoughts about food safety. “From the food safety point of\nview, the benefits of fermentation include the inhibition of the growth of\nmost pathogenic bacteria and the formation of bacterial toxins,” states the\nreport. The report also made it clear that basic food-safety guidelines must\nbe followed and states that “there is considerable evidence that lactic acid\nfermentation inhibits the survival and multiplication of a number of bacterial\npathogens.” However, the report adds, the potential of lactic acid\nfermentation to control the harmful effects of food contamination depends on\nfactors difficult to quantify, such as the initial level of contamination,\nwhich, in turn, depends on local conditions, levels of hygiene and sanitation,\nand the resulting degree of acidity. “On its own, fermentation cannot\neliminate all food-related health risks, and it should not be seen as a\nreplacement for observing the principles of food hygiene,” reads the report.\nProper temperature is important. According to USDA, at temperatures between\n70-75 degrees F, kraut will be fully fermented in about three to four weeks;\nat 60-65 degrees F, fermentation may take five to six weeks. At temperatures\nlower than 60 degrees F, kraut may not ferment, and, above 75 degrees F, kraut\nmay become soft. The take-home message: Proper fermentation temperature allows\nfor problem pathogens to be “selected” and destroyed, while it also inhibits\nthe growth of organisms that can spoil the food. Salt is an essential\ningredient, and since consumers don’t usually have a good way to measure salt\nconcentration in the finished product, they need to be sure they measure the\nsalt carefully and follow a tested recipe. Types of salt to use are canning\nand pickling salt, since table salt, kosher salt, or other types of salt\ncannot be interchanged with canning and pickling salt. Also, salt with iodine\nadded shouldn’t be used since iodine can inhibit fermentation. The correct\nlevel of salt to use varies with the food being fermented. It ranges from 2.25\npercent (by volume) for sauerkraut to more than 13 percent for other food\nitems. Again, tested recipes should be followed when it comes to the proper\namount of salt to use. Salt affects the type and extent of microbial activity\nand helps keep vegetables from becoming soft. Storage time also affects the\ntexture. The shorter the time, the firmer the vegetables. Storing food that\nhas already been fermented in the refrigerator or a root cellar significantly\nslows down the rate of fermentation. That’s why fermented foods can be stored\nfor up to three months, or longer, without losing their quality and good\ntaste. Fermented food needs to reach a pH level of 4.6 or lower (which\nindicates it is acidic enough to be safe). Fermentation, if done properly,\nwill bring food to the “safe” acid level. In a case of botulism poisoning in\nfermented tofu in 2012 in New York City, the city’s health department informed\nthe manager of the grocery store where the tofu was purchased that the tofu\nneeded to be stored below 41 degrees F. in closed containers. The people who\nfell ill bought from the store’s bulk tofu, which had been kept\nunrefrigerated, uncovered, and in water-filled bins. Botulism is an extremely\ndangerous and often deadly foodborne pathogen. According to the U.S. Centers\nfor Disease Control, only one similar botulism poisoning in the U.S. has been\nrecorded. Yet home-fermented tofu and other fermented bean products are the\nleading cause of botulism poisoning in China. Again, the proper food-safety\nprecautions, chief among them sanitation, but also temperature controls, need\nto be taken. Sauerkraut it is Breidt encourages people to find tested recipes\nat university Extension sites or in cookbooks written by reputable food\nexperts. Making sauerkraut is a good way to get started on the road to\nfermentation. It’s simple to do but also involves a basic procedure that can\nbe used with other vegetables, although the amount of salt and fermenting time\ncan vary. Breidt advises beginners to grate, chop or shred the vegetables they\nplan to ferment because vegetables such as carrots and beets are dense enough\nthat it’s difficult for the lactic acid to get inside of them if they’re in\nbig chunks. The more surface area, the better — and the safer. However, he\nsaid that’s not the case with cucumbers, primarily because they’re about 90\npercent water, which makes it easier for the lactic acid to penetrate them.\nGetting started To get started making sauerkraut, select a nice-looking, firm\nhead of cabbage that’s as fresh as possible. Remove the outer leaves and cut\nout any spoiled or damaged spots. Rinse the cabbage head. Quarter the cabbage\nand remove the core. After shredding, grating or chopping the cabbage, put it\ninto a clean container large enough for a generous amount of headroom at the\ntop. Add the amount of salt suggested in the recipe and spread it out evenly\nthroughout the cabbage. (Some people layer the cabbage and the salt.) Mix it\ntogether well, and then let it set for 10 minutes so that the salt can start\ndrawing the juice out of the cabbage. Katz recommends three tablespoons of\nsalt for five pounds of cabbage. But he also says that he uses more salt in\nthe summer and less in the winter. (A medium-sized head of cabbage weighs\nabout 2 to 2-1/2 pounds.) Start squeezing handfuls of the cabbage as hard as\nyou can. The goal is to get as much juice out of the cabbage as possible. Some\npeople pound the cabbage mixture with a potato masher or a tool known as a\n“kraut pounder.” Overall, this part of the process takes about 10 minutes.\nSome people like to add “a starter” such as lactobacillus or whey to speed\nthings up. But Katz said that it’s not necessary to do that since fermentation\nis a natural process that doesn’t need any sort of a boost. A USDA recipe for\nsauerkraut calls for only salt and cabbage. However, if you do use a packaged\nstarter, make sure you follow the instructions. Once the brine has been\n“released,” tightly pack the cabbage into a clean fermenting jar, crock, or\nfood-grade plastic container (don’t use anything metal), making sure there are\nno cracks or scratches in the containers that could harbor pathogens. Other\ngood choices for containers include a glass jar with a standard airlock system\n(available online or in some kitchen-goods stores), a round slow-cooker insert\n(make sure it doesn’t have any cracks), or a specialty ceramic fermenting\ncrock (complete with lids, weights, a water-trough-airlock system and\nweights). Cultures for Health has more information about equipment and tools\nfor fermenting sauerkraut and other vegetables. With the goal of keeping the\ncabbage submerged in its brine, put some sort of sterile lid on top of it once\nit’s in the new container. A large plate can work well, with a zip-lock\nplastic bag filled with water placed on top of the plate to weight it down. A\nsterilized heavy rock on top of the plate will also do the trick. In the case\nof a smaller batch, an open-mouth canning jar with a smaller jar filled with\nwater placed on top of the chopped cabbage to keep it submerged works well.\nWhether making a large or small batch, place a clean towel over the container\nand secure it with a rubber band. This will keep insects out while allowing\nsome of the gases produced during fermentation to escape. The goal at this\npoint is to keep the minimum amount of oxygen from reaching the vegetables so\nthat mold doesn’t develop. But, if a light amount of mold does develop at the\nsurface, just skim it off and remove any of the sauerkraut that has become\ndiscolored. It’s essential not to let mold develop to the point that it can\nget down into the sauerkraut or other vegetables being fermented. If that\nhappens, Breidt advises, for the sake of food safety, toss the batch. Once all\nof that is done, put the sauerkraut in a place where you can keep an eye on\nit. After about three to 21 days, the brine will clear and the cabbage will\nstart to taste tangy. Start sampling to see when the sauerkraut tastes the way\nyou want. Some people like a lightly fermented sauerkraut; others like it\ntangier. Once it reaches the stage you like it, put it into a container, such\nas a tightly covered jar, and put it into the refrigerator, making sure\nthere’s 1/2 inch of headroom. It’s important that the brine covers the\nsauerkraut. If the kraut doesn’t stay submerged, add some clean water. It’s\nalso important to release the pressure from the gases that will build up. This\ncan be done by opening the lid now and then to let the gases escape. Other\nvegetables such as grated carrots, beets or turnips can be added to the\nsauerkraut mix at the beginning of the process. Adding red cabbage, which\nprovides some color, is another option. Caraway seeds, garlic or even juniper\nberries are another nice touch. “Why not?” Breidt commented, referring to\nusing a mix of ingredients. “That’s what adds flavor and variety to fermented\nvegetables.” As the sauerkraut cools down when you put it in the refrigerator\nor into a root cellar, the fermentation process slows rapidly, which means\nyou’ll be able to enjoy the finished product for several weeks or longer. Many\npeople find that putting their fermented vegetables in a root cellar or\nrefrigerator for four to six weeks improves the flavor. In storage, the\nbacteria continue to ferment, but at a very slow rate. Fermented vegetables\nwith 1 percent to 2 percent salt by volume of the fermented product should\nkeep well for at least four to nine months, respectively, in a refrigerator. A\n2-percent salted version should keep well in a dark, cool area such as a root\ncellar for at least three months, if the vegetables are kept submerged under\nliquid. Some people recommend covering the containers with a dark cloth to\nmaintain Vitamin C levels. Katz has a video of how to make sauerkraut on\nYouTube. The National Center for Home Food Preservation has more information\nabout fermentation and recipes including sauerkraut and pickles.\n\nTags: home fermentation, sauerkraut\n\nPrint:\n\nEmailTweetLikeLinkedIn\n\n### FSN Editors Show/Hide\n\n * Dan Flynn\n * Coral Beach\n\nFSN Writers & Contributors\n\n### Stay Connected\n\nRSS Facebook Twitter Subscribe\n\n### Subscribe by email\n\nEvents Calendar\n\n### Food Recalls\n\n * Government finds danger of botulism in bottled beef, chicken sold by individual\n * Packaged baby spinach recalled because of threat of Salmonella\n * ‘Ready-to-eat’ chicken may be undercooked; firm launches recall\n * Routine testing spurs recall of pre-cut fresh vegetables in multiple states\n\nMore Recalls\n\n### Editorials & Guest Opinions\n\n# Food safety tips for pet owners to follow during holiday celebrations\n\nBy Guest Contributor on November 26, 2020\n\n# Food and drug officials weigh in on federal Salmonella rules for poultry\n\nBy Guest Contributor on November 18, 2020\n\n# Letter to the Editor: Industry supporter out of line on line speeds\n\nBy Guest Contributor on November 17, 2020\n\nLetters to the Editor\n\n### Latest from Twitter\n\nTweets by @foodsafetynews\n\n### Food Safety Guides\n\n * Cooking Temperatures\n * Cross-Contamination\n * Foodborne Pathogens\n\nFind Your Health DepartmentRestaurant InspectionseFood Alert BlogMarler Blog\n\n# Food Safety News\n\nFood Safety News\n\n1012 First Avenue Fifth Floor\n\nSeattle, Washington 98104-1008\n\nRSS Facebook Twitter Subscribe\n\n * Consumer Education\n * Enforcement\n * Events\n * Food Policy & Law\n * Food Recalls\n * Food Safety Guides\n * Foodborne Illness Investigations\n\n * Nutrition & Public Health\n * Opinion & Contributed Articles\n * Science & Research\n * Sustainability\n * Technology\n * Victim Stories\n * World\n\n * Foodborne Illness Outbreaks\n * For Foodies\n * Government Agencies\n * Lawsuits & Litigation\n * Letters to the Editor\n * Local Food\n * Media Kit\n\nCopyright © 2020, Marler Clark. All Rights Reserved.Powered By LexBlog\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/natural-fermentation/basic-formula-fermenting-any-vegetable/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201114232819/https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/natural-fermentation/basic-formula-fermenting-any-vegetable/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Time & Temperature Affect Vegetable Fermentation", "passages": [ "There is no hard and fast rule for how long to culture vegetables; there are many factors to consider when deciding to move vegetables to cold storage. Time, temperature and ingredients all have a significant impact on culturing. Before adding salt and, if desired, a starter, to your prepared vegetables, you'll want to consider decisions about culturing time and temperature.", "As with most culturing, lacto-fermentation happens faster at warmer temperatures. In our fast-paced society, it may seem desirable to speed things along in order to enjoy ferments sooner, but this assumption isn’t necessarily true.", "Culturing is a complex process. A variety of microbes are involved, and they all prefer different temperatures. Experts generally recommend a slow, cool ferment at temperatures as low as 50°F (10°C). At temperatures this low, the process can take as long as 6 months or more, which is longer than many people want to wait.", "Luckily, fermentation that occurs at 60-70°F (15-20°C) is slow enough to develop many of the complex flavors and retain texture, while moving fast enough for you to enjoy the ferments within 2-6 weeks. A cooler, slower fermentation seems to last longer in cold storage as well.", "When temperatures exceed 70°F (20°C), fermentation happens quickly. The bacteria that feed on pectin are more active, causing vegetables to break down into softer textures. The flavor is sharper, rather than tangy. Water also evaporates faster, so be sure to monitor the level of brine in the vessel. When moved to cold storage, the ferments may not last as long.", "As the vegetables begin to ferment, the bacteria feed on sugars in the produce. The breakdown of the sugars changes the flavor from sweet to tangy and tart. The process doesn’t seem to be linear. For instance, garlic starts with its usual bite to becoming intensely hot after a week or two of fermentation. Then it begins to mellow and becomes creamy and almost sweet. Cabbage develops a tart flavor and a sharp crunch. A long-fermented kraut becomes quite mellow and begins to soften.", "The only way to really know when a ferment is ready is to taste it. While there is much debate on appropriate fermentation times, the best time to move a ferment to cold storage is when it tastes pleasant to the people who will be consuming. After all, what good is a ferment that no one will eat!", "Understanding the factors that influence fermentation will make it easy to decide how to transform foods into delicious, probiotic-rich ferments.", "You can find dozens of recipes for fermenting vegetables in our natural fermentation recipe collection, our free Lacto-fermentation eBook, and in other books on fermentation." ] }, "parsed_md": "How Time & Temperature Affect Vegetable Fermentation\n\n# How Time & Temperature Affect Vegetable Fermentation\n\n## How Long Should I Let My Vegetables Ferment?\n\nThere is no hard and fast rule for how long to culture vegetables; there are\nmany factors to consider when deciding to move vegetables to cold storage.\nTime, temperature and ingredients all have a significant impact on culturing.\nBefore adding salt and, if desired, a starter, to your prepared vegetables,\nyou'll want to consider decisions about culturing time and temperature.\n\n## HOW TEMPERATURE AFFECTS VEGETABLE FERMENTATION\n\nAs with most culturing, lacto-fermentation happens faster at warmer\ntemperatures. In our fast-paced society, it may seem desirable to speed things\nalong in order to enjoy ferments sooner, but this assumption isn’t necessarily\ntrue.\n\nCulturing is a complex process. A variety of microbes are involved, and they\nall prefer different temperatures. Experts generally recommend a slow, cool\nferment at temperatures as low as 50°F (10°C). At temperatures this low, the\nprocess can take as long as 6 months or more, which is longer than many people\nwant to wait.\n\nLuckily, fermentation that occurs at 60-70°F (15-20°C) is slow enough to\ndevelop many of the complex flavors and retain texture, while moving fast\nenough for you to enjoy the ferments within 2-6 weeks. A cooler, slower\nfermentation seems to last longer in cold storage as well.\n\nWhen temperatures exceed 70°F (20°C), fermentation happens quickly. The\nbacteria that feed on pectin are more active, causing vegetables to break down\ninto softer textures. The flavor is sharper, rather than tangy. Water also\nevaporates faster, so be sure to monitor the level of brine in the vessel.\nWhen moved to cold storage, the ferments may not last as long.\n\n## HOW TIME AFFECTS VEGETABLE FERMENTATION\n\nAs the vegetables begin to ferment, the bacteria feed on sugars in the\nproduce. The breakdown of the sugars changes the flavor from sweet to tangy\nand tart. The process doesn’t seem to be linear. For instance, garlic starts\nwith its usual bite to becoming intensely hot after a week or two of\nfermentation. Then it begins to mellow and becomes creamy and almost sweet.\nCabbage develops a tart flavor and a sharp crunch. A long-fermented kraut\nbecomes quite mellow and begins to soften.\n\nThe only way to really know when a ferment is ready is to taste it. While\nthere is much debate on appropriate fermentation times, the best time to move\na ferment to cold storage is when it tastes pleasant to the people who will be\nconsuming. After all, what good is a ferment that no one will eat!\n\nUnderstanding the factors that influence fermentation will make it easy to\ndecide how to transform foods into delicious, probiotic-rich ferments.\n\n## Get Started FERMENTING VEGETABLES!\n\nYou can find dozens of recipes for fermenting vegetables in our natural\nfermentation recipe collection, our free Lacto-fermentation eBook, and in\nother books on fermentation.\n\n#### Ready to Learn More?\n\n * Salt vs. Whey vs. Starter Cultures\n * Fermentation Equipment: Choosing the Right Supplies\n\nFiled Under: Getting Started, Natural Fermentation\n\n## Related posts\n\nBusting Lacto-Fermentation Myths Lacto-Fermentation As A Method Of Food\nPreservation Cultured & Fermented Vegetable FAQ\n\n###### Company Info\n\n * About Us\n * Shipping\n * Returns & Replacements\n * Contact Us\n * Terms & Conditions\n\n###### LEARN MORE\n\n * Advice Articles\n * How To Videos\n * Recipes\n\n###### WHOLESALE\n\n * Wholesale Application\n * Wholesale Order Form\n\n###### FOLLOW US\n\n© Cultures For Health\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/natural-fermentation/how-to-keep-fermented-vegetables-submerged/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112023038/https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/natural-fermentation/how-to-keep-fermented-vegetables-submerged/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Keep Your Fermented Vegetables Submerged", "passages": [ "When it comes to fermenting vegetables, there are a variety of fermentation vessels to choose from, and everyone has a favorite.", "Mason or canning jars are used most commonly since they are both affordable and quite versatile. These jars can easily be found at hardware stores and big box stores alike. But no matter what type of container you decide to use, you can keep your fermenting produce below the brine - all it takes is a little creativity, resulting in wonderfully cultured foods!", "To start, choose a jar with a wide mouth opening, free of cracks or chips. Then, experiment with the methods below to find the one that works best for you.", "Make sure any fermentation weight is clean and appropriate for contact with food. If any vegetables slip away from underneath the weights, simply discard them after the fermentation process is complete. Anything underneath the brine should be fine.", "These weights are designed for fermenting, so are made of materials safe to use with your cultured foods, such as ceramic or glass. When selecting a fermentation weight, compare the size of the fermenting jar (mouth included!) to the diameter of the weights to ensure they will fit in the jar. Pickle Pebbles are a great option and are available in both standard and wide-mouth sizes!", "Tuck a cabbage leaf over the top of the prepared vegetables. Often this leaf alone will be enough to keep the vegetables in place under the brine. Thin wide strips from zucchini or carrot can be placed over the vegetables as a mat.", "Mini jelly jars, condiment dishes or small dessert ramekins that fit inside the mouth of the jar work very well to weigh down fermenting veggies. Partially fill the jar with water to create extra weight or add these jars on top of fermentation weights to help keep vegetables submerged.", "Similar to using ramekins or other small jars, you can place a small dish on top of the prepared vegetables and weigh it down with a rock or other heavy object.", "If none of the above options are available, ferment in a large bowl, and use a plate to press down the top of the vegetables. Add weight to the top of the plate to keep the vegetables submerged. Once the vegetables are fermented, transfer them and their brine to storage jars, still attempting to keep the brine over the veggies.", "This list should help give you some ideas for how to keep your vegetables under the brine. Check to make sure you have all the other supplies you'll need, pick a recipe, and then get started fermenting!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Keep Your Fermented Vegetables Submerged\n\n# How To Keep Fermented Vegetables Submerged\n\nWhen it comes to fermenting vegetables, there are a variety of fermentation\nvessels to choose from, and everyone has a favorite.\n\nBrowse our fermentation vessels here!\n\nMason or canning jars are used most commonly since they are both affordable\nand quite versatile. These jars can easily be found at hardware stores and big\nbox stores alike. But no matter what type of container you decide to use, you\ncan keep your fermenting produce below the brine - all it takes is a little\ncreativity, resulting in wonderfully cultured foods!\n\n## METHODS FOR KEEPING VEGETABLES UNDER THE BRINE\n\nTo start, choose a jar with a wide mouth opening, free of cracks or chips.\nThen, experiment with the methods below to find the one that works best for\nyou.\n\nMake sure any fermentation weight is clean and appropriate for contact with\nfood. If any vegetables slip away from underneath the weights, simply discard\nthem after the fermentation process is complete. Anything underneath the brine\nshould be fine.\n\n### 1\\. Fermentation Weights\n\nThese weights are designed for fermenting, so are made of materials safe to\nuse with your cultured foods, such as ceramic or glass. When selecting a\nfermentation weight, compare the size of the fermenting jar (mouth included!)\nto the diameter of the weights to ensure they will fit in the jar. Pickle\nPebbles are a great option and are available in both standard and wide-mouth\nsizes!\n\n### 2\\. A Cabbage Leaf or Other Large Vegetable Pieces\n\nTuck a cabbage leaf over the top of the prepared vegetables. Often this leaf\nalone will be enough to keep the vegetables in place under the brine. Thin\nwide strips from zucchini or carrot can be placed over the vegetables as a\nmat.\n\n### 3\\. A Small Ceramic or Glass Dish\n\nMini jelly jars, condiment dishes or small dessert ramekins that fit inside\nthe mouth of the jar work very well to weigh down fermenting veggies.\nPartially fill the jar with water to create extra weight or add these jars on\ntop of fermentation weights to help keep vegetables submerged.\n\n### 4\\. A Small Dish Plus an Additional Weight\n\nSimilar to using ramekins or other small jars, you can place a small dish on\ntop of the prepared vegetables and weigh it down with a rock or other heavy\nobject.\n\n### 5\\. A Plate Inside a Large Bowl\n\nIf none of the above options are available, ferment in a large bowl, and use a\nplate to press down the top of the vegetables. Add weight to the top of the\nplate to keep the vegetables submerged. Once the vegetables are fermented,\ntransfer them and their brine to storage jars, still attempting to keep the\nbrine over the veggies.\n\n## The Takeaways\n\nThis list should help give you some ideas for how to keep your vegetables\nunder the brine. Check to make sure you have all the other supplies you'll\nneed, pick a recipe, and then get started fermenting!\n\n#### Ready to Learn More?\n\n * Salt vs. Whey vs. Starter Cultures for Fermenting Vegetables\n\n * Choosing Fermenting Equipment\n\nFiled Under: Getting Started, Natural Fermentation, Tutorial\n\n## Related posts\n\nFermented Vegetables Terminology from A to Z How To Know When Your Fermented\nVegetables Are Ready For Cold Storage How to Ferment Vegetables\n\n###### Company Info\n\n * About Us\n * Shipping\n * Returns & Replacements\n * Contact Us\n * Terms & Conditions\n\n###### LEARN MORE\n\n * Advice Articles\n * How To Videos\n * Recipes\n\n###### WHOLESALE\n\n * Wholesale Application\n * Wholesale Order Form\n\n###### FOLLOW US\n\n© Cultures For Health\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.dummies.com/food-drink/cooking/fermenting/basic-containers-used-in-fermenting-food/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419185132/https://www.dummies.com/food-drink/cooking/fermenting/basic-containers-used-in-fermenting-food/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Basic Containers Used in Fermenting Food", "passages": [ "Dummies has always stood for taking on complex concepts and making them easy to understand. Dummies helps everyone be more knowledgeable and confident in applying what they know. Whether it’s to pass that big test, qualify for that big promotion or even master that cooking technique; people who rely on dummies, rely on it to learn the critical skills and relevant information necessary for success." ] }, "parsed_md": "Basic Containers Used in Fermenting Food - dummies\n\n * About For Dummies\n * Subscribe or Unsubscribe\n * Dummies Custom Solutions\n * Test Banks\n * Help\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Advertise with Us\n * Contact Us\n\nDummies has always stood for taking on complex concepts and making them easy\nto understand. Dummies helps everyone be more knowledgeable and confident in\napplying what they know. Whether it’s to pass that big test, qualify for that\nbig promotion or even master that cooking technique; people who rely on\ndummies, rely on it to learn the critical skills and relevant information\nnecessary for success.\n\ndummies\n\nLearning Made Easy\n\nCopyright © 2021 & Trademark by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.growveg.com/guides/preserving-how-to-ferment-garden-vegetables/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201028233756/https://www.growveg.com/guides/preserving-how-to-ferment-garden-vegetables/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Ferment Garden Vegetables", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Preserving - How to Ferment Garden Vegetables\n\nCreate an account Login\n\n * Account\n * Subscription\n * Logout\n\n * Garden Planner\n * Journal\n * Gardening Guides\n * Gardening How-to Videos\n * About GrowVeg\n * Contact Us\n\n * Your account\n * Login\n * Create Account\n\n * Garden Planner\n * Journal\n * Guides\n * GrowVeg.TV\n * Plants\n * Pests\n * About\n * Contact\n\n * Apps For Your Garden\n * Join Our Community\n\n * Services\n * Garden Planner\n * Journal\n * Guides\n * GrowVeg.TV\n * Plants\n * Pests\n * Beneficial Insects\n * Plant Diseases\n * Search\n\n * Site Navigation\n * Home\n * About\n * Subscriptions & Pricing\n * FAQ\n * Contact\n * Create Account\n * Login\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Regional Versions\n * US/Canada\n * UK/Europe\n * Australia/NZ\n * S Africa\n\n© Growing Interactive Ltd 2007-2020\n\nWe have a UK & European version of our website.\n\nStay on this site Go to UK & European site\n\nWe have a US & Canadian version of our website.\n\nStay on this site Go to US & Canadian site\n\nWe have a South African version of our website.\n\nStay on this site Go to South African site\n\nWe have an Australia & New Zealand version of our website.\n\nStay on this site Go to Australia & New Zealand site\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://modernfarmer.com/2018/12/how-to-ferment-vegetables-in-three-easy-steps/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201128133954/https://modernfarmer.com/2018/12/how-to-ferment-vegetables-in-three-easy-steps/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Ferment Vegetables in Three Easy Steps", "passages": [ "A mason jar packed with cultured or fermented vegetables at your local urban provisions shop will likely set you back $10 to $15. Given that the time and materials involved are no more than five minutes and $2, respectively, one imagines that the makers of cultured vegetables have spent eight years training with fermentation masters in some stone-age village, or that they’ve mortgaged their house to pay for high-end fermenting equipment to ensure that the dilly beans come out tasting properly pickled.", "Nothing could be further from the truth. Here’s how it works. This process can be applied to virtually any vegetable.", "The finer you chop or shred the vegetables, the faster they will ferment (and the greater the quantity you can stuff in a jar). You can also ferment things like carrots, onions, radishes, beets — even whole cabbage leaves. It’s primarily a matter of personal preference and how you intend to use the finished product. Depending on the vegetable, wash and peel as you would if you were going to eat it raw.", "Salt prevents mold organisms, while favoring beneficial bacteria, and results in a crisp-textured fermented product. Stuff the vegetables in a mason jar or fermentation crock and cover them with a brine made from 1 tablespoon of salt per cup of water (use natural, non-iodized salt and, preferably, bottled spring water). Mix in herbs and other seasonings as desired.", "The key here is for the vegetables to remain submerged in the brine, as anything exposed to air will rot. For vegetables that float, find a way to weigh them down — fermentation weights are the easiest way to go.", "If using a mason jar, tighten the lid until it is barely snug. This prevents oxygen from entering, but lets carbon dioxide escape; otherwise pressure can build until a messy explosion occurs (fermentation crocks typically have a water seal for this purpose). Store in a cool, dark place, ideally where the temperature stays around 65 to 70 degrees.", "Fermentation times vary from three days to three months or more, depending on the vegetable, temperature and other factors. The only true guide to know when it’s ready is taste is that you want a pleasant, effervescent zing. Enjoy your dill pickles! Once the optimal flavor is attained, move the batch to the refrigerator to stop further fermentation.", "We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. By clicking “Accept”, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies.", "This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience.", "Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information.", "Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Ferment Vegetables in Three Easy Steps - Modern Farmer\n\nFarm. Food. Life.\n\nDec 05, 2018\n\nFood & Drink\n\n# How to Ferment Vegetables in Three Easy Steps\n\nBy Brian Barth on Dec 05, 2018\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nPin\n\nEmail\n\n2K Shares\n\nPhotography Lolostock / Shutterstock\n\nThe Internet is full of daunting encyclopedic guides to fermentation. We break\nit down to the basics.\n\nA mason jar packed with cultured or fermented vegetables at your local urban\nprovisions shop will likely set you back $10 to $15. Given that the time and\nmaterials involved are no more than five minutes and $2, respectively, one\nimagines that the makers of cultured vegetables have spent eight years\ntraining with fermentation masters in some stone-age village, or that they’ve\nmortgaged their house to pay for high-end fermenting equipment to ensure that\nthe dilly beans come out tasting properly pickled.\n\nNothing could be further from the truth. Here’s how it works. This process can\nbe applied to virtually any vegetable.\n\n## Prepare Vegetables\n\nThe finer you chop or shred the vegetables, the faster they will ferment (and\nthe greater the quantity you can stuff in a jar). You can also ferment things\nlike carrots, onions, radishes, beets — even whole cabbage leaves. It’s\nprimarily a matter of personal preference and how you intend to use the\nfinished product. Depending on the vegetable, wash and peel as you would if\nyou were going to eat it raw.\n\n## Add Brine\n\nSalt prevents mold organisms, while favoring beneficial bacteria, and results\nin a crisp-textured fermented product. Stuff the vegetables in a mason jar or\nfermentation crock and cover them with a brine made from 1 tablespoon of salt\nper cup of water (use natural, non-iodized salt and, preferably, bottled\nspring water). Mix in herbs and other seasonings as desired.\n\nThe key here is for the vegetables to remain submerged in the brine, as\nanything exposed to air will rot. For vegetables that float, find a way to\nweigh them down — fermentation weights are the easiest way to go.\n\n## Let it Ferment\n\nIf using a mason jar, tighten the lid until it is barely snug. This prevents\noxygen from entering, but lets carbon dioxide escape; otherwise pressure can\nbuild until a messy explosion occurs (fermentation crocks typically have a\nwater seal for this purpose). Store in a cool, dark place, ideally where the\ntemperature stays around 65 to 70 degrees.\n\nFermentation times vary from three days to three months or more, depending on\nthe vegetable, temperature and other factors. The only true guide to know when\nit’s ready is taste is that you want a pleasant, effervescent zing. Enjoy your\ndill pickles! Once the optimal flavor is attained, move the batch to the\nrefrigerator to stop further fermentation.\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nPin\n\nEmail\n\n2K Shares\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nPin\n\nEmail\n\n2K Shares\n\nSign up for your Modern Farmer Weekly Newsletter\n\nPopular\n\nWhy Don’t We Eat Turkey Eggs?Dan Nosowitz\n\n7 Smokable Plants You Can Grow That Aren’t MarijuanaBrian Barth\n\nWhat’s the Story, Wishbone?Rebecca Katzman\n\n6 Secretly Poisonous Plants We Eat All the TimeDan Nosowitz\n\n6 Differences Between Llamas and AlpacasAndrew Amelinckx\n\nExplore Modern Farmer\n\n * Animals\n * Environment\n * Food & Drink\n * How-To\n * Lifestyle\n * Plants\n * Politics\n * Recipes\n * Technology\n * Meet the Modern Farmer\n * Million Gardens Movement\n\nRelated\n\nFood & Drink, Lifestyle\n\n10 Fermented Foods That We Would Totally Try, Just Not Right Now,...Panicha\nImsomboon\n\nFood & Drink\n\nA New Way To Make Better-Tasting, Healthier ChocolateDan Nosowitz\n\nFood & Drink\n\nBring Us A Cup Of This Kenyan Purple Tea, PleaseDan Nosowitz\n\nFood & Drink\n\nCraft Brewery Resurrects 300-Year-Old Persimmon Beer RecipeDan Nosowitz\n\nFarm Favorites\n\nRead the latest reviews on our favorite products.\n\nImmigrants Feed America\n\nImmigrants Feed America t-shirts are back – find them at the Modern Farmers\nMarket\n\nThings We Love: AKUA Kelp Jerky\n\nIf you told me there was a jerky snack made out of kelp - yes,... 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It is mandatory\nto procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.\n\nSave & Accept\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.wildfermentation.com/vegetable-fermentation-further-simplified-2/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111195111/http://www.wildfermentation.com/vegetable-fermentation-further-simplified-2/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Vegetable Fermentation Further Simplified", "passages": [ "A head of cabbage forgotten on an obscure shelf of your pantry will not spontaneously transform itself into sauerkraut. Vegetables left exposed to air start to grow molds, and if left long enough, those molds can reduce a head of cabbage to a puddle of slime, bearing no resemblance whatsoever to crunchy, delicious, and aromatic sauerkraut.", "The simple key to successful vegetable fermentation is to make sure your vegetables are submerged in liquid. That’s it, the big secret. Usually the liquid is salty water, also known as brine, but fermentation can be done without salt, or with other liquids, such as wine or whey. Typically, when fresh vegetables are chopped or grated in preparation for fermentation—which creates greater surface area—salting pulls out the vegetable juices via osmosis, and pounding or tamping the vegetables breaks down cell walls to further release juices, so no additional water is required. However, if the vegetables have lost moisture during long storage, occasionally some water is needed; if brine hasn’t risen to submerge the weighted vegetables by the following day, add a little water. In the case of vegetables left whole (cabbage heads, cucumbers, green tomatoes, string beans, okra, zucchini, eggplant, peppers—try anything), the vegetables should be submerged in brine.", "The huge variety of vegetable ferments you can create all exist along the spectrum from shredded and salted to whole and submerged in a brine. Sometimes you use elements of each style, as in kimchi recipes that call for soaking vegetables in a brine to soften them and leach out bitter flavors, then pouring off excess brine and mixing in spices. In some cases the liquid is what we’re after, flavored by the vegetables and fermentation.", "Pretty much any vegetable can be fermented. Use what is abundantly available and be bold in your experimentation. Seaweeds are a wonderful addition to ferments, as are fruits, though mostly fruit ferments go through their process very quickly. I’ve even made delicious sauerkraut with mashed potatoes layered in with the salted cabbage, as well as kimchi with sticky rice layers. The sharp fermented starches are delicious. The spicing of vegetable ferments is quite varied, too. Kimchi typically includes red chili peppers, garlic, ginger, and scallions. Sauerkraut might include caraway seeds (my favorite), juniper berries, apples, or cranberries. New York–style sour pickles are spiced with dill, garlic, and sometimes hot peppers. To keep cucumbers crunchy, add to the brine some grape leaves or leaves of horseradish, oak, currant, or cherry.", "How much salt do you use? Traditionally vegetables have been fermented with lots of salt. In addition to pulling water from the vegetables, salt hardens pectins in the vegetables, rendering them crunchier, and discourages the growth of bacteria other than lactobacilli. By inhibiting competing bacteria, salt enables the vegetables to ferment and to be stored for longer periods of time. Since preservation has historically been one of the important motivations for fermentation, ferments have tended to be quite salty. But for health-conscious people interested primarily in flavor and nutrition, less salt can be better. Salt lightly, to taste. It is easier to add salt than to take it away, but if you oversalt, you can dilute by adding water and/or more vegetables. There is no magic proportion of salt the process requires—it’s just personal preference. As a starting point, try 3 tablespoons of salt per 5 pound of vegetables. More salt will slow the fermentation process; less (or none) will speed it up. Ferments with less salt may be more prone to surface molds. You can leave out the salt or use various mineral-rich substitutes such as celery juice (my favorite salt-free variation) or seaweed. Just be sure the vegetables are submerged in the liquid.", "Some people promote the idea that salt-free sauerkrauts contain more beneficial organisms than salted krauts. I don’t believe that. The most specific beneficial bacteria we’re after, Lactobacillus, is salt-tolerant and abundantly present even in salty krauts; arguably, salt-free ferments are more biodiverse, but this diversity often results in mushy textures. Though it is possible to ferment vegetables without salt, a little salt results in far superior flavor and texture—and just as much beneficial bacteria. So again, salt to taste.", "What kind of vessel should you use to hold your ferment? Avoid metal, as salt and the acids created by fermentation will corrode it. Heavy ceramic cylindrical crocks are the ideal fermentation vessels, though they can be hard to find and expensive. Glass containers work well, especially those with a cylindrical shape or with a wide mouth, and so do nesting bowls. Crock pots with ceramic interiors make effective fermentation vessels and can often be found in thrift stores. In a pinch, you can use plastic, but even food-grade plastics leach toxic chemicals.", "The reason a cylindrical shape is desirable is for ease of weighting down the fermenting vegetables to keep them submerged rather than floating to the top. I generally use a plate that just fits inside the vessel, weighted down by a full jug of water, and I drape a cloth over the top of the vessel to protect against flies. I call this the “open-crock” method. Containers in other shapes can work with improvisation, or you can manually press the vegetables to submerge them in the liquid.", "If the vegetables float to the top and remain exposed to air, they are likely to develop mold. Sometimes, especially in hot weather, your ferment may develop a film of white mold on its surface. This is very common and will not hurt you or the kraut. Scrape off the mold as best you can, don’t worry about particles that mix into the vegetables, and enjoy the delicious ferment beneath. Specially designed Harsch crocks eliminate this problem by creating an oxygen-free airspace around the ferment. These German crocks are elegant but expensive. Another way to avoid mold is by weighting the ferment in the vessel with water contained in a double layer of plastic bags. The water will spread to cover the entire surface, protecting it from aerobic surface molds. The downside of this method, of course, is that your food comes into prolonged contact with plastic, which leaches chemicals into the food. I prefer to use the open-crock method and remove mold as necessary.", "Whatever type of vessel you use, pack the vegetables into it with some force (unless they are whole), in order to break down cell walls and release juices. I use a blunt wooden tamping tool. You can improvise with a piece of wood or your fist, or you can manually massage and squeeze the vegetables, as described in the recipe for massaged kale (see page 185). Once the vegetables are weighted down, the salt will continue to pull moisture from the vegetables for many hours yet. If, by the following day, the vegetables are not submerged, add a little water.", "How long do you ferment the vegetables? I wish I had an easy answer to this question. “Ferment until ripe,” many recipes advise, but ultimately you will have to decide when it is ripe. Sour flavor—from lactic acid—develops over time. Longer fermentation translates to tangier flavor. This happens more quickly in warm temperatures than in cool ones. If you start your ferment at harvest time, in the autumn, as temperatures are dropping, it can ferment for six months or longer. This is how people survived before refrigeration and globalized food. Many people, however, prefer the flavor of a mild ferment to that of a strongly acidic one. When you are first experimenting, taste your ferments early and often. Serve some after three days, then three days later, and again three days after that. Familiarize yourself with the spectrum of flavors that fermentation can create and see what you like.", "thanks for the information it is right on and very important for me to learn how to do i am excited to start. sooo many books and info out there hard for me to decide on where to start. i am retired and on a limited income. so for buying books one or two is all i could afford if that thanks a lot (i know you care)those who do for others are my HERO,S", "After following your You Tube video and other sources I made my first batch of sauerkraut a couple months ago and it came out fine. We ate all of it. This past week I tried it again. It is day 5 of the fermentation but I am concerned about its strong odor. I’m not sure if the odor indicates that it went bad or not. I wonder if it is because of the warmer weather. I think I did everything right and the cabbage was fresh. How do I know if it is safe?", "* wildadmin on May 27, 2012 at 9:14 pm said:\nThere has never been a single case of food poisoning reported in the United States from fermented vegetables. No need to worry about safety.", "* Odile on October 16, 2013 at 5:18 pm said:\nIn summer my sauerkraut takes 5 days to ferment. In winter it takes longer. You can open the jar at any time, so it’s easy to get the fermentation that you want.", "Sometimes, one bacterial strain will dominate in the fermentation, and give the sauerkraut a particular aroma, but give it a few days and another will take over and give it the taste and smell you want. It’s ALIVE!", "I tasted home made saurkraut this week and loved it so I wanted to make some. I used purple cabbage, a few jalapeno slices, sprinkled with ceyenne pepper, lots of himalayan pink salt in a big large mouth glass jar. I followed all of the directions and wonder if I can wait 3 whole days! I’m in central Texas where the temps are in the 90s. My kraut jar is in the kitchen which is the warmest room. Should I mmove it to a cooler room? So excited! I’m hoping it has a sweet but spicey crunhy taste. I saved your directions,. Thanks!", "* wildadmin on May 27, 2012 at 9:14 pm said:\nIn hot temperatures, finding a cool spot is a great way to slow down your ferments.", "LOVE IT !! I’m finding great fun and creativity in concocting variations; red cabbage-beet-carrot; chard-spinach-daikon; radish-grapeleaf; bokchoy-red jalapeno-kale; cabbage-red bellpepper-cauliflur-garlic; green & yellow zuccini-purple onion; and more. Select what to serve by the color I want to add to plate. would kefir water act as culture? or be valuable addition? THANKS for turning me on to this !!!! & Namaste", "* wildadmin on June 2, 2012 at 2:31 pm said:\nYou could add kefir but all the culture you need is on the vegetables.", "I appreciate your help in people becoming more healthy and in helping them taking control of their future well being. Again, Thanks! Bernard Deku", "Is it advisable to use the lids that came with glass jars? ie; I eat a lot of peanut butter and have tons of jars. As long as the veggies don’t come into contact with the metal, it should be ok, right?? Thanks!", "Hi, not sure why my question was erased...I need to know if I should throw my batch of sauerkraut out after using a metal masher to help pound the brine out? It seems to be fermenting well but I don’t want to poison myself!", "* wildadmin on June 20, 2012 at 11:46 am said:\nPounding with metal will not ruin your batch. Just avoid sustained contact with metal (such as vessel or lid).", "Cabbage must be submerged in liquid brine solution. For how many days? before you can start eating the fermented cabbage? Do I need to apply salt and squeeze in motion so that juice will come before putting in a jar? Or not necessary to squeeze? Salty foods are not good for kidney? Per gallon of water or wash rice water, what weight of sea salt in gram should I use? The same number of days before I can start eating?", "* wildadmin on July 9, 2012 at 12:48 pm said:\nBest to squeeze and get veggies juicy before putting it in the jar. Salt lightly, to taste. Generally no need to add water to sauerkraut; squeeze juice out of the veggies. You can ferment two days, two weeks, two months, or longer, depending on what flavors you like. Taste at frequent intervals so you can figure out what you like.", "I recently heard an interview Sandor gave on the survival podcast with Jack Spirko that offered information about the process of fermenting and its health benefits in a simple, straight forward yet highly effective nature. Now I’m anxiously waiting to taste my first batch of fermented cucumbers and wanted to say thank you for taking the time to make a positive difference in my life and let others know that it really is simple to get started.", "I have attempted sauerkraut several times. The cabbage was always above the brine at the end and I didn’t know if this was ok. I needed to know if I should add brine or if exposure to air after a day or two was ok. Finding the answer to this question was very frustrating because teachers only discuss how to begin the ferment and don’t discuss the final product. Thank you for answering this question!", "* wildadmin on July 9, 2012 at 12:44 pm said:\nIt’s best to keep your veggies submerged. If they are not submerged, they are prone to oxidation and surface growth of yeasts and molds. Pound or squeeze veggies to get them juicy before stuffing into crock; keep weighted down; add water if necessary due to evaporation. And if the kraut on top is dry and exposed to air when you harvest, discard that top layer. What’s beneath it protected will be fine.", "* wildadmin on July 12, 2012 at 11:34 pm said:\nAs I understand, some cells burst with each freeze and thaw. Most do not die, but some do.", "I love my sauerkraut, but then, I tried fermenting carrot slices and mushrooms in some of the sauerkraut juice. It worked, and I liked the flavor, but not the mushy texture.", "I don’t want to just keep adding more salt to keep the veggies crisp. So ... I wonder — is there something unhealthy about calcium chloride (or calcium hydroxide, food grade lime, “hydrated lime,” “pickling lime” etc.)? Thank you for any info on this!", "* wildadmin on August 6, 2012 at 1:06 pm said:\nDon’t have any experience with this, sorry. To prevent veggies getting muchy, try a shorter fermentation time.", "I’m new to the fermenting process and it seems sooooo easy. I live in Costa Rica where it’s hot all the time so the process is fast. I tried a small batch of sauerkraut in a plastic container with a water filled plastic bag to keep it covered and it was perfect after 4 days! I started a second batch. Then I started pickles. I can’t find pickling size cucumbers, so I just bought the smallest I could find, cut them in half and then quartered them lengthwise. I don’t have another proper container, so I just used a plastic bag. I works really well. I just squeeze out air and built up gasses every day so that the pickles stay immersed. They taste great after 3 days, but the brine is cloudy. Is that a concern? Thanks for a super site!", "* wildadmin on July 20, 2012 at 10:19 pm said:\nCloudy brine is totally normal and no cause for alarm.", "Thank you so much for your great recipe and how to make sauerkraut and other fermented veges! This is so valuable for our health and we appreciate the shared knowledge! How nice that there are still some people that give their knowledge for free! Can’t wait to make the recipe – do we add spices during fermentation or at time of degustation? love&light cécile", "My question is about ingesting or not of the brine. It is too salty for me. I do squeez it out as much as I can, have even washed the brine out of the vegetables. If I do that, will I sacrifice all the benefits of fermentation?", "* wildadmin on October 24, 2012 at 11:47 pm said:\nWhen you soak veggies it leaches not only salt but other nutrients. Next time make your brine less salty.", "Thanks for this great article. I hate mushy and love salty so salt in my ferments works great. I love the clarity ...you know the questions people ask!", "We talk a lot about the danger of bacterium Clostridium botulinum in the canning process. Why is the no bacterium Clostridium botulinum in the fermentation process and the are some in the canning process? If I put salt in my canning should it stop the danger?", "* wildadmin on December 26, 2012 at 5:05 pm said:\nThere are two important differences: When the veggies are raw, other bacteria, notably lactic acid bacteria, which can grow in the presence of oxygen (unlike C. botulinum) easily dominate, and as they acidify the environment, they destroy C. botulinum. Also, canning creates a perfect vacuum and wipes out the competition, because C. botulinum can tolerate higher temps than most other bacteria.", "Can organic frozen veggies be successfully fermented, perhaps brought to room temperature then crushed up with some salt? Is there enough lactobacilli on there to get a tasty ferment going?", "* Sandor Katz on February 6, 2013 at 12:22 am said:\nI would really recommend using fresh vegetables, but I have never tried with frozen and it probably could work.", "Hi, it is my second batch, this one with black radishes with sea salt. After the first week it was reall nice but maybe not enough fermented, so I let it 5 days more, and i open the crock and it smells like hell, but the veggies were not so bad except that there were in very gluing liquid. I washed the vegetables but I don’tknow if we can eat them. What do you think?", "* Sandor Katz on February 11, 2013 at 3:29 am said:\nNo need to worry about danger. If you let them ferment longer, that gluey brine will probably go away. It’s generally an in-between stage that passes.", "* Sandor Katz on March 26, 2013 at 5:04 pm said:\nSometimes bubbling can be very subtle and impossible to see.", "I didn’t think an acidic gut was a good thing. I’ve heard the body likes to be more alkaline ph.", "* Sandor Katz on August 21, 2013 at 11:21 pm said:\nBecause minerals are so bioavailable in kraut and many other fermented foods, the net effect of eating them is alkalinizing, even though they are acidic.", "Appreciate you comments about salt. I’ve had some problems with this before. However, when the temperature is high more salt seems to prevent veggies becoming mushy. Salt seem to help preserve the crunchiness of the veggies.", "Thanks for a very informative post. I’ve been fermenting vegetabls for some time and tried many recipes. But your experience is valuable and I use many of you good suggestions.", "Want to start fermenting BUT . . .was wondering how much (if any)alcohol is produced during the process. – -Thank You, John", "The fermented version was an interesting departure from the quick dills we have enjoyed. I bought a 4 gallon Ohio Stoneware crock, and two “stones”, lined the bottom with feral grape leaves off the back fence, and loaded in fresh dill, lots of garlic and peppercorns, then piled in cukes I had been stockpiling in the fridge.", "I’m unable to find the answer elsewhere, and you are the guru, so here’s the question; since I’m using cucumbers fresh off my vines, I have a rolling harvest. Can I begin my ferment with a first batch of a baker’s dozen cukes (a week’s worth at this point) and add fresh cukes as they come off the vine? This because from all accounts, fresh produce yields best results. Last year I started losing fridge-stored cukes before I felt I had enough to begin the ferment.", "* Sandor Katz on August 21, 2017 at 5:37 pm said:\nThe problem can be that older ones start to get soft and mushy while younger ones are still crispy, and make the fresher ones soften faster. i’ll often do for a shoer time, over a week, say, and start harvesting the early ones first. another issue is the salinity will go down with each batch added, so you need to add some salt to compensate. Good luck and enjoy!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Vegetable Fermentation Further Simplified | Wild Fermentation :: Wild\nFermentation\n\n * About\n\n * Who is Sandorkraut?\n * What's So Wild About Fermentation?\n * Media Links\n * Books\n\n * Fermentation As Metaphor\n * The Art of Fermentation\n * Wild Fermentation\n * Basic Fermentation\n * The Revolution Will Not Be Microwaved\n * The Permaculture Book of Ferment and Human Nutrition\n * Pura Fermentación (español)\n * Fermentation Workshop (DVD)\n * Which Book?\n * Resources\n\n * Fermentation Blog\n * Fermentation Links\n * Fermentation Support Forum!\n * Other Non-Fermentation-Specific Food Links\n * Events\n\n * Sandor's Workshops & Talks\n * Other Fermentation Education\n * Gallery\n * Contact\n\n### sandorkraut\n\nJoin me and Arielle Johnson @arielle_johnson, the\n\nToday I'm excited to be talking about my new book\n\nThis weekend the epic Ferment for Food Justice eve\n\nThis weekend the epic Ferment for Food Justice eve\n\nThis weekend the epic Ferment for Food Justice eve\n\nThis weekend and next weekend, check out Ferment f\n\nLoad More... Follow on Instagram\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Sandor UK Tour September 2019\n * Traditional Norwegian Farmhouse Brewing\n * Aged Almond Cheese\n * People’s Republic of Fermentation\n * Sandor on the BBC\n\n### Recent Comments\n\n * Flor on Fermentology Mini-Seminar Series\n * GoatFish on Aged Almond Cheese\n * Ping on People’s Republic of Fermentation\n * Ping on People’s Republic of Fermentation\n * Favero Greenforest on Fermented Hot Pepper Sauce\n\n### Archives\n\n * August 2019\n * March 2018\n * December 2017\n * August 2017\n * July 2017\n * March 2017\n * January 2017\n * December 2015\n * July 2015\n * February 2015\n * January 2015\n * November 2014\n * July 2014\n * June 2014\n * October 2013\n * September 2013\n * August 2013\n * June 2013\n * April 2013\n * January 2013\n * November 2012\n * October 2012\n * September 2012\n * August 2012\n * July 2012\n * June 2012\n * May 2012\n * April 2012\n\n### Categories\n\n * Miso\n * Sauerkraut Basic Recipe\n * Uncategorized\n * Unusual variations\n\n# Vegetable Fermentation Further Simplified\n\n## Written by Sandor Katz\n\nPosted on April 27, 2012\n\nExcerpted from The Revolution Will Not Be Microwaved...\n\nA head of cabbage forgotten on an obscure shelf of your pantry will not\nspontaneously transform itself into sauerkraut. Vegetables left exposed to air\nstart to grow molds, and if left long enough, those molds can reduce a head of\ncabbage to a puddle of slime, bearing no resemblance whatsoever to crunchy,\ndelicious, and aromatic sauerkraut.\n\nThe simple key to successful vegetable fermentation is to make sure your\nvegetables are submerged in liquid. That’s it, the big secret. Usually the\nliquid is salty water, also known as brine, but fermentation can be done\nwithout salt, or with other liquids, such as wine or whey. Typically, when\nfresh vegetables are chopped or grated in preparation for fermentation—which\ncreates greater surface area—salting pulls out the vegetable juices via\nosmosis, and pounding or tamping the vegetables breaks down cell walls to\nfurther release juices, so no additional water is required. However, if the\nvegetables have lost moisture during long storage, occasionally some water is\nneeded; if brine hasn’t risen to submerge the weighted vegetables by the\nfollowing day, add a little water. In the case of vegetables left whole\n(cabbage heads, cucumbers, green tomatoes, string beans, okra, zucchini,\neggplant, peppers—try anything), the vegetables should be submerged in brine.\n\nThe huge variety of vegetable ferments you can create all exist along the\nspectrum from shredded and salted to whole and submerged in a brine. Sometimes\nyou use elements of each style, as in kimchi recipes that call for soaking\nvegetables in a brine to soften them and leach out bitter flavors, then\npouring off excess brine and mixing in spices. In some cases the liquid is\nwhat we’re after, flavored by the vegetables and fermentation.\n\nPretty much any vegetable can be fermented. Use what is abundantly available\nand be bold in your experimentation. Seaweeds are a wonderful addition to\nferments, as are fruits, though mostly fruit ferments go through their process\nvery quickly. I’ve even made delicious sauerkraut with mashed potatoes layered\nin with the salted cabbage, as well as kimchi with sticky rice layers. The\nsharp fermented starches are delicious. The spicing of vegetable ferments is\nquite varied, too. Kimchi typically includes red chili peppers, garlic,\nginger, and scallions. Sauerkraut might include caraway seeds (my favorite),\njuniper berries, apples, or cranberries. New York–style sour pickles are\nspiced with dill, garlic, and sometimes hot peppers. To keep cucumbers\ncrunchy, add to the brine some grape leaves or leaves of horseradish, oak,\ncurrant, or cherry.\n\nHow much salt do you use? Traditionally vegetables have been fermented with\nlots of salt. In addition to pulling water from the vegetables, salt hardens\npectins in the vegetables, rendering them crunchier, and discourages the\ngrowth of bacteria other than lactobacilli. By inhibiting competing bacteria,\nsalt enables the vegetables to ferment and to be stored for longer periods of\ntime. Since preservation has historically been one of the important\nmotivations for fermentation, ferments have tended to be quite salty. But for\nhealth-conscious people interested primarily in flavor and nutrition, less\nsalt can be better. Salt lightly, to taste. It is easier to add salt than to\ntake it away, but if you oversalt, you can dilute by adding water and/or more\nvegetables. There is no magic proportion of salt the process requires—it’s\njust personal preference. As a starting point, try 3 tablespoons of salt per 5\npound of vegetables. More salt will slow the fermentation process; less (or\nnone) will speed it up. Ferments with less salt may be more prone to surface\nmolds. You can leave out the salt or use various mineral-rich substitutes such\nas celery juice (my favorite salt-free variation) or seaweed. Just be sure the\nvegetables are submerged in the liquid.\n\nSome people promote the idea that salt-free sauerkrauts contain more\nbeneficial organisms than salted krauts. I don’t believe that. The most\nspecific beneficial bacteria we’re after, Lactobacillus, is salt-tolerant and\nabundantly present even in salty krauts; arguably, salt-free ferments are more\nbiodiverse, but this diversity often results in mushy textures. Though it is\npossible to ferment vegetables without salt, a little salt results in far\nsuperior flavor and texture—and just as much beneficial bacteria. So again,\nsalt to taste.\n\nWhat kind of vessel should you use to hold your ferment? Avoid metal, as salt\nand the acids created by fermentation will corrode it. Heavy ceramic\ncylindrical crocks are the ideal fermentation vessels, though they can be hard\nto find and expensive. Glass containers work well, especially those with a\ncylindrical shape or with a wide mouth, and so do nesting bowls. Crock pots\nwith ceramic interiors make effective fermentation vessels and can often be\nfound in thrift stores. In a pinch, you can use plastic, but even food-grade\nplastics leach toxic chemicals.\n\nThe reason a cylindrical shape is desirable is for ease of weighting down the\nfermenting vegetables to keep them submerged rather than floating to the top.\nI generally use a plate that just fits inside the vessel, weighted down by a\nfull jug of water, and I drape a cloth over the top of the vessel to protect\nagainst flies. I call this the “open-crock” method. Containers in other shapes\ncan work with improvisation, or you can manually press the vegetables to\nsubmerge them in the liquid.\n\nIf the vegetables float to the top and remain exposed to air, they are likely\nto develop mold. Sometimes, especially in hot weather, your ferment may\ndevelop a film of white mold on its surface. This is very common and will not\nhurt you or the kraut. Scrape off the mold as best you can, don’t worry about\nparticles that mix into the vegetables, and enjoy the delicious ferment\nbeneath. Specially designed Harsch crocks eliminate this problem by creating\nan oxygen-free airspace around the ferment. These German crocks are elegant\nbut expensive. Another way to avoid mold is by weighting the ferment in the\nvessel with water contained in a double layer of plastic bags. The water will\nspread to cover the entire surface, protecting it from aerobic surface molds.\nThe downside of this method, of course, is that your food comes into prolonged\ncontact with plastic, which leaches chemicals into the food. I prefer to use\nthe open-crock method and remove mold as necessary.\n\nWhatever type of vessel you use, pack the vegetables into it with some force\n(unless they are whole), in order to break down cell walls and release juices.\nI use a blunt wooden tamping tool. You can improvise with a piece of wood or\nyour fist, or you can manually massage and squeeze the vegetables, as\ndescribed in the recipe for massaged kale (see page 185). Once the vegetables\nare weighted down, the salt will continue to pull moisture from the vegetables\nfor many hours yet. If, by the following day, the vegetables are not\nsubmerged, add a little water.\n\nHow long do you ferment the vegetables? I wish I had an easy answer to this\nquestion. “Ferment until ripe,” many recipes advise, but ultimately you will\nhave to decide when it is ripe. Sour flavor—from lactic acid—develops over\ntime. Longer fermentation translates to tangier flavor. This happens more\nquickly in warm temperatures than in cool ones. If you start your ferment at\nharvest time, in the autumn, as temperatures are dropping, it can ferment for\nsix months or longer. This is how people survived before refrigeration and\nglobalized food. Many people, however, prefer the flavor of a mild ferment to\nthat of a strongly acidic one. When you are first experimenting, taste your\nferments early and often. Serve some after three days, then three days later,\nand again three days after that. Familiarize yourself with the spectrum of\nflavors that fermentation can create and see what you like.\n\nThis entry was posted in Sauerkraut Basic Recipe by Sandor Katz. Bookmark the\npermalink.\n\n### Click For Comments\n\n## 109 thoughts on “Vegetable Fermentation Further Simplified”\n\n 1. doug mitchell on May 1, 2012 at 3:55 pm said:\n\nthanks for the information it is right on and very important for me to learn\nhow to do i am excited to start. sooo many books and info out there hard for\nme to decide on where to start. i am retired and on a limited income. so for\nbuying books one or two is all i could afford if that thanks a lot (i know you\ncare)those who do for others are my HERO,S\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Jackie Carlson on May 23, 2012 at 11:17 am said:\n\nAfter following your You Tube video and other sources I made my first batch of\nsauerkraut a couple months ago and it came out fine. We ate all of it. This\npast week I tried it again. It is day 5 of the fermentation but I am concerned\nabout its strong odor. I’m not sure if the odor indicates that it went bad or\nnot. I wonder if it is because of the warmer weather. I think I did everything\nright and the cabbage was fresh. How do I know if it is safe?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on May 27, 2012 at 9:14 pm said:\n\nThere has never been a single case of food poisoning reported in the United\nStates from fermented vegetables. No need to worry about safety.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Odile on October 16, 2013 at 5:18 pm said:\n\nIn summer my sauerkraut takes 5 days to ferment. In winter it takes longer.\nYou can open the jar at any time, so it’s easy to get the fermentation that\nyou want.\n\nSometimes, one bacterial strain will dominate in the fermentation, and give\nthe sauerkraut a particular aroma, but give it a few days and another will\ntake over and give it the taste and smell you want. It’s ALIVE!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Bee on May 23, 2012 at 8:11 pm said:\n\nI tasted home made saurkraut this week and loved it so I wanted to make some.\nI used purple cabbage, a few jalapeno slices, sprinkled with ceyenne pepper,\nlots of himalayan pink salt in a big large mouth glass jar. I followed all of\nthe directions and wonder if I can wait 3 whole days! I’m in central Texas\nwhere the temps are in the 90s. My kraut jar is in the kitchen which is the\nwarmest room. Should I mmove it to a cooler room? So excited! I’m hoping it\nhas a sweet but spicey crunhy taste. I saved your directions,. Thanks!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on May 27, 2012 at 9:14 pm said:\n\nIn hot temperatures, finding a cool spot is a great way to slow down your\nferments.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 4. Carolyn on May 31, 2012 at 12:56 pm said:\n\nLOVE IT !! I’m finding great fun and creativity in concocting variations; red\ncabbage-beet-carrot; chard-spinach-daikon; radish-grapeleaf; bokchoy-red\njalapeno-kale; cabbage-red bellpepper-cauliflur-garlic; green & yellow\nzuccini-purple onion; and more. Select what to serve by the color I want to\nadd to plate. would kefir water act as culture? or be valuable addition?\nTHANKS for turning me on to this !!!! & Namaste\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on June 2, 2012 at 2:31 pm said:\n\nYou could add kefir but all the culture you need is on the vegetables.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 5. Bernard Deku on June 16, 2012 at 4:49 pm said:\n\nI appreciate your help in people becoming more healthy and in helping them\ntaking control of their future well being. Again, Thanks! Bernard Deku\n\nReply ↓\n\n 6. Rita DeLaurentis on June 16, 2012 at 7:38 pm said:\n\nIs it advisable to use the lids that came with glass jars? ie; I eat a lot of\npeanut butter and have tons of jars. As long as the veggies don’t come into\ncontact with the metal, it should be ok, right?? Thanks!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on June 20, 2012 at 11:47 am said:\n\nYes, that works fine.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 7. Little Monkey on June 17, 2012 at 4:58 pm said:\n\nHi, not sure why my question was erased...I need to know if I should throw my\nbatch of sauerkraut out after using a metal masher to help pound the brine\nout? It seems to be fermenting well but I don’t want to poison myself!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on June 20, 2012 at 11:46 am said:\n\nPounding with metal will not ruin your batch. Just avoid sustained contact\nwith metal (such as vessel or lid).\n\nReply ↓\n\n 8. charlie punzalan on June 22, 2012 at 3:52 pm said:\n\n06/22/2012 8:55am\n\nCabbage must be submerged in liquid brine solution. For how many days? before\nyou can start eating the fermented cabbage? Do I need to apply salt and\nsqueeze in motion so that juice will come before putting in a jar? Or not\nnecessary to squeeze? Salty foods are not good for kidney? Per gallon of water\nor wash rice water, what weight of sea salt in gram should I use? The same\nnumber of days before I can start eating?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on July 9, 2012 at 12:48 pm said:\n\nBest to squeeze and get veggies juicy before putting it in the jar. Salt\nlightly, to taste. Generally no need to add water to sauerkraut; squeeze juice\nout of the veggies. You can ferment two days, two weeks, two months, or\nlonger, depending on what flavors you like. Taste at frequent intervals so you\ncan figure out what you like.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 9. okiesurvival on June 26, 2012 at 1:24 am said:\n\nI recently heard an interview Sandor gave on the survival podcast with Jack\nSpirko that offered information about the process of fermenting and its health\nbenefits in a simple, straight forward yet highly effective nature. Now I’m\nanxiously waiting to taste my first batch of fermented cucumbers and wanted to\nsay thank you for taking the time to make a positive difference in my life and\nlet others know that it really is simple to get started.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 10. Gabriel on July 2, 2012 at 7:38 am said:\n\nI have attempted sauerkraut several times. The cabbage was always above the\nbrine at the end and I didn’t know if this was ok. I needed to know if I\nshould add brine or if exposure to air after a day or two was ok. Finding the\nanswer to this question was very frustrating because teachers only discuss how\nto begin the ferment and don’t discuss the final product. Thank you for\nanswering this question!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on July 9, 2012 at 12:44 pm said:\n\nIt’s best to keep your veggies submerged. If they are not submerged, they are\nprone to oxidation and surface growth of yeasts and molds. Pound or squeeze\nveggies to get them juicy before stuffing into crock; keep weighted down; add\nwater if necessary due to evaporation. And if the kraut on top is dry and\nexposed to air when you harvest, discard that top layer. What’s beneath it\nprotected will be fine.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 11. Mark B. on July 11, 2012 at 4:20 pm said:\n\nDoes Lactobacillus die-off if frozen or does it just go dorment?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on July 12, 2012 at 11:34 pm said:\n\nAs I understand, some cells burst with each freeze and thaw. Most do not die,\nbut some do.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 12. Maria Williams on July 15, 2012 at 1:32 am said:\n\nI love my sauerkraut, but then, I tried fermenting carrot slices and mushrooms\nin some of the sauerkraut juice. It worked, and I liked the flavor, but not\nthe mushy texture.\n\nI don’t want to just keep adding more salt to keep the veggies crisp. So ... I\nwonder — is there something unhealthy about calcium chloride (or calcium\nhydroxide, food grade lime, “hydrated lime,” “pickling lime” etc.)? Thank you\nfor any info on this!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on August 6, 2012 at 1:06 pm said:\n\nDon’t have any experience with this, sorry. To prevent veggies getting muchy,\ntry a shorter fermentation time.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 13. Rick L. on July 20, 2012 at 9:41 pm said:\n\nI’m new to the fermenting process and it seems sooooo easy. I live in Costa\nRica where it’s hot all the time so the process is fast. I tried a small batch\nof sauerkraut in a plastic container with a water filled plastic bag to keep\nit covered and it was perfect after 4 days! I started a second batch. Then I\nstarted pickles. I can’t find pickling size cucumbers, so I just bought the\nsmallest I could find, cut them in half and then quartered them lengthwise. I\ndon’t have another proper container, so I just used a plastic bag. I works\nreally well. I just squeeze out air and built up gasses every day so that the\npickles stay immersed. They taste great after 3 days, but the brine is cloudy.\nIs that a concern? Thanks for a super site!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on July 20, 2012 at 10:19 pm said:\n\nCloudy brine is totally normal and no cause for alarm.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 14. cécile poletti on July 30, 2012 at 5:52 pm said:\n\nThank you so much for your great recipe and how to make sauerkraut and other\nfermented veges! This is so valuable for our health and we appreciate the\nshared knowledge! How nice that there are still some people that give their\nknowledge for free! Can’t wait to make the recipe – do we add spices during\nfermentation or at time of degustation? love&light cécile\n\nReply ↓\n\n 15. Elli mill on September 17, 2012 at 10:40 pm said:\n\nMy question is about ingesting or not of the brine. It is too salty for me. I\ndo squeez it out as much as I can, have even washed the brine out of the\nvegetables. If I do that, will I sacrifice all the benefits of fermentation?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on October 24, 2012 at 11:47 pm said:\n\nWhen you soak veggies it leaches not only salt but other nutrients. Next time\nmake your brine less salty.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 16. sharon on October 29, 2012 at 3:47 pm said:\n\nThanks for this great article. I hate mushy and love salty so salt in my\nferments works great. I love the clarity ...you know the questions people ask!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 17. Daniel on December 6, 2012 at 4:39 pm said:\n\nWe talk a lot about the danger of bacterium Clostridium botulinum in the\ncanning process. Why is the no bacterium Clostridium botulinum in the\nfermentation process and the are some in the canning process? If I put salt in\nmy canning should it stop the danger?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * wildadmin on December 26, 2012 at 5:05 pm said:\n\nThere are two important differences: When the veggies are raw, other bacteria,\nnotably lactic acid bacteria, which can grow in the presence of oxygen (unlike\nC. botulinum) easily dominate, and as they acidify the environment, they\ndestroy C. botulinum. Also, canning creates a perfect vacuum and wipes out the\ncompetition, because C. botulinum can tolerate higher temps than most other\nbacteria.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 18. chick on January 18, 2013 at 3:13 am said:\n\nCan organic frozen veggies be successfully fermented, perhaps brought to room\ntemperature then crushed up with some salt? Is there enough lactobacilli on\nthere to get a tasty ferment going?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Sandor Katz on February 6, 2013 at 12:22 am said:\n\nI would really recommend using fresh vegetables, but I have never tried with\nfrozen and it probably could work.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 19. lotus on February 8, 2013 at 8:27 pm said:\n\nHi, it is my second batch, this one with black radishes with sea salt. After\nthe first week it was reall nice but maybe not enough fermented, so I let it 5\ndays more, and i open the crock and it smells like hell, but the veggies were\nnot so bad except that there were in very gluing liquid. I washed the\nvegetables but I don’tknow if we can eat them. What do you think?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Sandor Katz on February 11, 2013 at 3:29 am said:\n\nNo need to worry about danger. If you let them ferment longer, that gluey\nbrine will probably go away. It’s generally an in-between stage that passes.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 20. Alicia on February 21, 2013 at 12:21 am said:\n\nHi, If my vegetables and brine don’t form bubbles, is fermentation occurring?\nThank you for helpful educational support!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Sandor Katz on March 26, 2013 at 5:04 pm said:\n\nSometimes bubbling can be very subtle and impossible to see.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 21. www.machka.net on June 7, 2013 at 2:18 pm said:\n\nHello, just wanted to say, I liked this blog post. It was inspiring. Keep on\nposting!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 22. la belle aurore on June 27, 2013 at 12:12 pm said:\n\nVery good information and simple! Thank you\n\nReply ↓\n\n 23. garden clippers on July 25, 2013 at 6:41 pm said:\n\nThe knowledge listed here is extremely interesting. I have been taught a large\nnumber of pointers.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 24. Sally van Osch on July 28, 2013 at 3:27 pm said:\n\nI didn’t think an acidic gut was a good thing. I’ve heard the body likes to be\nmore alkaline ph.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Sandor Katz on August 21, 2013 at 11:21 pm said:\n\nBecause minerals are so bioavailable in kraut and many other fermented foods,\nthe net effect of eating them is alkalinizing, even though they are acidic.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 25. Ken on September 19, 2014 at 1:34 pm said:\n\nAppreciate you comments about salt. I’ve had some problems with this before.\nHowever, when the temperature is high more salt seems to prevent veggies\nbecoming mushy. Salt seem to help preserve the crunchiness of the veggies.\n\nThanks for a nice site.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 26. Ken on September 19, 2014 at 1:39 pm said:\n\nThanks for a very informative post. I’ve been fermenting vegetabls for some\ntime and tried many recipes. But your experience is valuable and I use many of\nyou good suggestions.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 27. John Fender on May 26, 2015 at 4:19 am said:\n\nWant to start fermenting BUT . . .was wondering how much (if any)alcohol is\nproduced during the process. – -Thank You, John\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Sandor Katz on June 2, 2015 at 1:15 pm said:\n\nA negligible amount.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 28. Thelma Abraham on August 17, 2016 at 7:34 pm said:\n\nThank you for a very informative post and very encouraging to be able to keep\na healthy gut.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 29. kathy connor on October 30, 2016 at 3:11 am said:\n\nCan I ferment organic, frozen vegetables from the grocery store??\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Sandor Katz on November 13, 2016 at 5:43 pm said:\n\nI would recommend using fresh vegetables.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 30. Rachael on March 24, 2017 at 9:38 pm said:\n\nI made my first batches of fermented veggies this week. Your article answered\nmy questions. Thanks!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 31. Michael on July 21, 2017 at 9:11 pm said:\n\nLast summer I made my first batch of fermented pickles after having made\nvinegar/brine pickles for a couple years.\n\nThe fermented version was an interesting departure from the quick dills we\nhave enjoyed. I bought a 4 gallon Ohio Stoneware crock, and two “stones”,\nlined the bottom with feral grape leaves off the back fence, and loaded in\nfresh dill, lots of garlic and peppercorns, then piled in cukes I had been\nstockpiling in the fridge.\n\nI’m unable to find the answer elsewhere, and you are the guru, so here’s the\nquestion; since I’m using cucumbers fresh off my vines, I have a rolling\nharvest. Can I begin my ferment with a first batch of a baker’s dozen cukes (a\nweek’s worth at this point) and add fresh cukes as they come off the vine?\nThis because from all accounts, fresh produce yields best results. Last year I\nstarted losing fridge-stored cukes before I felt I had enough to begin the\nferment.\n\nThoughts?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * Sandor Katz on August 21, 2017 at 5:37 pm said:\n\nThe problem can be that older ones start to get soft and mushy while younger\nones are still crispy, and make the fresher ones soften faster. i’ll often do\nfor a shoer time, over a week, say, and start harvesting the early ones first.\nanother issue is the salinity will go down with each batch added, so you need\nto add some salt to compensate. Good luck and enjoy!\n\nReply ↓\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nCopyright ©2020 by Foundation for Fermentation Fervor.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.culturesforhealth.com:80/how-to-naturally-culture-ferment-vegetables", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150312163110/http://www.culturesforhealth.com:80/how-to-naturally-culture-ferment-vegetables", "parsed_text": { "title": "Basic Instructions for Fermenting Vegetables", "passages": [ "What is Lacto-fermentation? Lacto-fermentation is a method of food preservation that also enhances the nutrient content of the food. The action of the bacteria makes the minerals in cultured foods more readily available to the body. The bacteria also produce vitamins and enzymes that are beneficial for digestion.", "Almost any vegetable can be fermented, and fermenting farm-fresh produce is a great way to provide good nutrition year-round. Ferment one vegetable alone or create mix of many different kinds, along with herbs and spices, for a great variety of cultured foods.", "The right equipment can make all the difference when getting started, from a good chopping knife to the right fermentation vessel to fit your needs. Consider carefully when choosing your equipment and supplies.", "There are several ways to prepare the vegetables for fermenting: grating, shredding, chopping, slicing, or leaving whole. The preparation method is a personal choice, though some vegetables are better suited for leaving whole, while others ferment better when shredded or grated.", "A recipe may call specifically for salt, salt and whey, or a starter culture. The method chosen can vary, depending on personal taste, special dietary requirements, and even the vegetables used. The information presented in this article can help you decide between salt, whey, and starter cultures for fermenting vegetables.", "Water used for preparing brine or starter culture should be as free from contaminants as possible, for the best-tasting finished product. Consider the points in this article before choosing your water source for culturing.", "Once the vegetables have been prepared and placed in the chosen fermentation vessel, weigh the vegetables down under the brine, keeping them in an anaerobic environment during the fermentation period.", "Once the vegetables are finished culturing, it’s time to move them to cold storage. When new to fermenting, it may be difficult to know exactly when to consider the vegetables finished. Follow these tips for deciding when vegetables are ready for cold storage, to enjoy the finished vegetables for as long as possible.", "As with any culturing process, each batch of fermented vegetables can turn out differently. If the vegetables grow mold or yeast on top, use this guide to decide what to do about mold and how to prevent it in future batches.", "Sign up today for free access to our entire library of easy to follow eBooks on creating cultured foods at home, including Lacto-Fermentation, Kombucha, Kefir, Yogurt, Sourdough, and Cheesemaking." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Naturally Culture Vegetables | Basic Instructions for Fermenting\nVegetables\n\n## Cultures for Health\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Google+\n * Youtube\n * RSS Feed\n\n * Welcome, Guest! (Log In)\n * View Cart\n * Contact Us\n\n * Shop\n\n * Starter Cultures\n * Cheese Making\n * Fermentation\n * Soy Cultures\n * Sprouting\n * Books\n * Supplies\n * Free e-Books\n * Learn\n\n * Expert Advice Articles\n * How-to Videos\n * Recipes\n * Profiles\n * Blog\n * About Us\n * Connect\n\n * Contact Us\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Pinterest\n * Google+\n\n$3.99 Flat Rate Shipping* Click here for details\n\n * Starter Cultures\n\n * Yogurt Starter\n * Kefir Cultures\n * Sourdough Starter\n * Kombucha\n * Buttermilk Starter\n * Soy Cultures\n * Other Starter Cultures\n * Cheesemaking\n\n * Starter Kits\n * Cheese Starter Cultures\n * Rennet & Additives\n * Supplies & Books\n * Natural Fermentation\n\n * Fermentation Crocks\n * Supplies & Books\n * Soy Cultures & Supplies\n\n * Soy Cultures\n * Tofu Making Supplies\n * Sprouting\n\n * Sprouting Seeds\n * Supplies & Starter Kits\n * Kitchen Appliances\n\n * Yogurt Makers\n * Food Dehydrators\n * Supplies\n\n * General Supplies\n * Tea\n * e-Course Supply Kits\n * Books\n * Sale Items\n\n# How to Ferment Vegetables: The Basic Culturing Process\n\nWhat is Lacto-fermentation? Lacto-fermentation is a method of food\npreservation that also enhances the nutrient content of the food. The action\nof the bacteria makes the minerals in cultured foods more readily available to\nthe body. The bacteria also produce vitamins and enzymes that are beneficial\nfor digestion.\n\nAlmost any vegetable can be fermented, and fermenting farm-fresh produce is a\ngreat way to provide good nutrition year-round. Ferment one vegetable alone or\ncreate mix of many different kinds, along with herbs and spices, for a great\nvariety of cultured foods.\n\nHere’s what you need to get started:\n\n## 1\\. Basic Equipment\n\nThe right equipment can make all the difference when getting started, from a\ngood chopping knife to the right fermentation vessel to fit your needs.\nConsider carefully when choosing your equipment and supplies.\n\n## 2\\. Preparing Vegetables\n\nThere are several ways to prepare the vegetables for fermenting: grating,\nshredding, chopping, slicing, or leaving whole. The preparation method is a\npersonal choice, though some vegetables are better suited for leaving whole,\nwhile others ferment better when shredded or grated.\n\n## 3\\. Salt, Whey, or Starter Culture?\n\nA recipe may call specifically for salt, salt and whey, or a starter culture.\nThe method chosen can vary, depending on personal taste, special dietary\nrequirements, and even the vegetables used. The information presented in this\narticle can help you decide between salt, whey, and starter cultures for\nfermenting vegetables.\n\nIf salt fermentation is the preferred method, choose from the different kinds\nof salt appropriate for culturing.\n\n## 4\\. Water for Preparing Brine\n\nWater used for preparing brine or starter culture should be as free from\ncontaminants as possible, for the best-tasting finished product. Consider the\npoints in this article before choosing your water source for culturing.\n\n## 5\\. Weighing Vegetables Down Under the Brine\n\nOnce the vegetables have been prepared and placed in the chosen fermentation\nvessel, weigh the vegetables down under the brine, keeping them in an\nanaerobic environment during the fermentation period.\n\n## 6\\. Moving to Cold Storage\n\nOnce the vegetables are finished culturing, it’s time to move them to cold\nstorage. When new to fermenting, it may be difficult to know exactly when to\nconsider the vegetables finished. Follow these tips for deciding when\nvegetables are ready for cold storage, to enjoy the finished vegetables for as\nlong as possible.\n\n## 7\\. Troubleshooting\n\nAs with any culturing process, each batch of fermented vegetables can turn out\ndifferently. If the vegetables grow mold or yeast on top, use this guide to\ndecide what to do about mold and how to prevent it in future batches.\n\n## Ready to Get Started Culturing Vegetables?\n\nSome easy first recipes are\n\n * Sauerkraut\n * Fermented carrot sticks\n * Fermented radishes\n * Fermented garlic cloves.\n * Browse our complete list of fermented vegetable recipes on our Cultured Vegetable Recipe Page.\n\n \n--- \n \nSMJ \n \nRelated Articles\n\n * Fermented Vegetable Expert Advice Articles and Recipes\n * Busting Lacto-fermentation Myths\n * Fall Fermented Vegetables\n\n \n--- \n \nRelated Products \n \nFermenting Crocks \nCeltic Sea Salt \nCeramic Fermentation Weights \nThe Complete Idiot's Guide to Fermenting Foods \nThe Art of Fermentation \n \n### Free eBook Library Access & Weekly Newsletter\n\nSign up today for free access to our entire library of easy to follow eBooks\non creating cultured foods at home, including Lacto-Fermentation, Kombucha,\nKefir, Yogurt, Sourdough, and Cheesemaking.\n\n * Library of eBooks for making your own cultured foods\n * Weekly newsletter filled with tips & tricks\n * Expert advice articles, recipes, and how-to videos\n * Join 180,000+ other health-conscious readers\n * We never share your information!\n\n### Learn More\n\n * Expert Advice Articles\n * How-to Videos\n * Recipes\n * Meet the CFH Team\n * About Us\n * Customer Testimonials\n * CFH Newsletter\n * Upcoming Events\n * CFH in the News\n\n### Ordering Info\n\n * Shipping Information\n * Track Your Order\n * Retail Locations\n * Log-in to Your Account\n * Log-out of Your Account\n * Gift Certificates\n * Buying Clubs\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Contact Us\n\n### Wholesale\n\n * Set up a Wholesale Account\n\n### Social Media\n\n * CFH Blog\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Pinterest\n * Google+\n * Instagram(#Cultures4Health)\n\n### Connect With Us\n\n * Contact Us\n * CFH Blog\n * Newsletter Sign-Up\n * Change Email Preferences\n * Upcoming Events\n * Meet the CFH Team\n\n© 2015 Cultures for Health, LLC.\n\nGet started today--Save 15%\n\nX\n\nFermented Vegetable Master: Half-Gallon $24.99\n\nSmall Ceramic Fermentation Weight $5.49\n\nCabbage Crusher $29.99\n\nCeltic Sea Salt $14.95\n\nAdd to Cart\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.culturedfoodlife.com/fermenting-tip-use-a-lid-or-cloth/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201020083105/https://www.culturedfoodlife.com/fermenting-tip-use-a-lid-or-cloth/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fermenting Tip: Put a Lid on It?", "passages": [ "When making milk kefir, many people have been taught to use a cloth and rubber band over the jar. This is one of the most common things that cause problems. When a cloth is used to cover a vessel for kefir, there is a risk of cross- contamination with wild yeasts in the air or even from other cultures, or foods nearby. Cross-contamination can affect kefir by changing the color or taste. Sometimes there is a discoloration on top of their kefir, for instance, a pink color that is a result of fermentation and yeasts that are accumulating in the kefir culture. Cross-contamination can also cause an off taste that is strong and yeasty tasting. Cross contamination is not bad and will not harm you, but it is best to always use a lid so that you can eliminate these problems. The best method is to use a canning jar with a plastic lid. Using canning jar with a metal lid, a clamp-down jar or even tightly sealed plastic wrap over a jar are all methods that work too. I have always done this and never have a problem with my kefir – even after almost two decades of fermenting.", "I often make fermented vegetables using a canning jar with a lid, but there are many methods and vessels you can use to make cultured vegetables. There is a lot of information going around on the Internet stating that you should only use an airlock jar to ferment vegetables. The controversy around the canning jar method is that it doesn’t seal well enough to remove the oxygen, creating an anaerobic environment for the fermentation and therefore doesn’t produce enough good bacteria to create all the health-benefits of fermentation. In addition, there are some reports that suggest this method is not safe. I have been making and eating these foods for the last 17 years and I will shoot straight with you.", "Generations of people have been fermenting foods for thousands of years without special vessels or fancy equipment. If your vegetables are submerged under the water or brine then they are in an anaerobic environment and are perfectly fine and safe – period! Don’t let anyone try to convince you that you have to buy fancy equipment in order for your fermented vegetables to be safe. This story – that a simple, inexpensive method of making cultured vegetables is not safe – just breaks my heart, because it scares people and keeps them from reaping the millions of benefits from these foods. You can make these foods in canning jars, clamp down jars, crocks or airlock vessels. I want you to make these vegetables and discover the benefits. Don’t be afraid.", "A canning jar with an airlock lid is what I use the most to make cultured vegetables. I have so many of these lids and I think they work great to make cultured vegetables. I also like that they come in a variety of sizes and fit well in my fridge. I have also used canning jars with plastic lids in all different sizes. You can use jars with metal lids but I prefer the plastic lids. If the ferment touches the lid, a plastic lid won't leave a metallic taste. Also, it is better for you not to have metal touch the food during the fermentation process. You can also use clamp down jars or crocks but whatever you choose make sure you put a secure lid on it to seal out the air and allow it to ferment properly.", "Always use a cloth and rubber band when fermenting kombucha, unless you are second fermenting or storing your kombucha, and then it will be in a bottle with a lid and preferably a flip top bottle. These work the best when storing kombucha because they let the gases and pressure escape without losing the carbonation. During the initial fermentation, you should always use a cloth and rubber band. Kombucha is aerobic and requires oxygen to ferment properly.", "The information on this website has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. It is not purposed to replace professional medical diagnosis, treatment, or even advice. You should always consult a qualified healthcare professional with questions about any medical condition. The information is not a substitute for medical or psychological treatment. Any results presented on this website do not constitute a warranty, guarantee, or prediction regarding the outcome of an individual for any particular issue. While all materials and links to other resources are posted in good faith, the accuracy, validity, effectiveness, completeness, or usefulness of any information herein, as with any publication, cannot be guaranteed. Cultured Food Life Inc. accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever for the use or misuse of the information contained on this website. We strongly advise that you seek professional advice as appropriate before making any health decision. Here are two websites that might help you locate a Functional Medicine/Integrative practitioner near you: www.acam.org and www.functionalmedicine.org", "If you purchase anything through a link in this email or website, you should assume that we have an affiliate relationship with the company providing the product or service that you purchase, and that we will be paid in some way. We recommend that you do your own independent research before purchasing anything.", "© 2020 Cultured Food Life - All photographs, blogs, illustrations, and graphic designs are originals unless otherwise indicated. No stealing, please." ] }, "parsed_md": "Fermenting Tip: Put a Lid on It? - Cultured Food Life\n\nSkip to content\n\nMenu\n\nIf you like this, then please share!\n\nKefir for Breakfast ~ My Favorite Four My Kombucha's Not Bubbly?\n\n# Fermenting Tip: Put a Lid on It?\n\n## Kefir\n\n### Kefir — Put A Lid On It!\n\nWhen making milk kefir, many people have been taught to use a cloth and rubber\nband over the jar. This is one of the most common things that cause problems.\nWhen a cloth is used to cover a vessel for kefir, there is a risk of cross-\ncontamination with wild yeasts in the air or even from other cultures, or\nfoods nearby. Cross-contamination can affect kefir by changing the color or\ntaste. Sometimes there is a discoloration on top of their kefir, for instance,\na pink color that is a result of fermentation and yeasts that are accumulating\nin the kefir culture. Cross-contamination can also cause an off taste that is\nstrong and yeasty tasting. Cross contamination is not bad and will not harm\nyou, but it is best to always use a lid so that you can eliminate these\nproblems. The best method is to use a canning jar with a plastic lid. Using\ncanning jar with a metal lid, a clamp-down jar or even tightly sealed plastic\nwrap over a jar are all methods that work too. I have always done this and\nnever have a problem with my kefir – even after almost two decades of\nfermenting.\n\n## Cultured Vegetables\n\n### Cultured Vegetables — Put A Lid On It!\n\nI often make fermented vegetables using a canning jar with a lid, but there\nare many methods and vessels you can use to make cultured vegetables. There is\na lot of information going around on the Internet stating that you should only\nuse an airlock jar to ferment vegetables. The controversy around the canning\njar method is that it doesn’t seal well enough to remove the oxygen, creating\nan anaerobic environment for the fermentation and therefore doesn’t produce\nenough good bacteria to create all the health-benefits of fermentation. In\naddition, there are some reports that suggest this method is not safe. I have\nbeen making and eating these foods for the last 17 years and I will shoot\nstraight with you.\n\n### Cultured Vegetables — Made Safe\n\nGenerations of people have been fermenting foods for thousands of years\nwithout special vessels or fancy equipment. If your vegetables are submerged\nunder the water or brine then they are in an anaerobic environment and are\nperfectly fine and safe – period! Don’t let anyone try to convince you that\nyou have to buy fancy equipment in order for your fermented vegetables to be\nsafe. This story – that a simple, inexpensive method of making cultured\nvegetables is not safe – just breaks my heart, because it scares people and\nkeeps them from reaping the millions of benefits from these foods. You can\nmake these foods in canning jars, clamp down jars, crocks or airlock vessels.\nI want you to make these vegetables and discover the benefits. Don’t be\nafraid.\n\n### What I Use\n\nA canning jar with an airlock lid is what I use the most to make cultured\nvegetables. I have so many of these lids and I think they work great to make\ncultured vegetables. I also like that they come in a variety of sizes and fit\nwell in my fridge. I have also used canning jars with plastic lids in all\ndifferent sizes. You can use jars with metal lids but I prefer the plastic\nlids. If the ferment touches the lid, a plastic lid won't leave a metallic\ntaste. Also, it is better for you not to have metal touch the food during the\nfermentation process. You can also use clamp down jars or crocks but whatever\nyou choose make sure you put a secure lid on it to seal out the air and allow\nit to ferment properly.\n\n## Kombucha\n\n### Kombucha — Cloth And Rubber Band\n\nAlways use a cloth and rubber band when fermenting kombucha, unless you are\nsecond fermenting or storing your kombucha, and then it will be in a bottle\nwith a lid and preferably a flip top bottle. These work the best when storing\nkombucha because they let the gases and pressure escape without losing the\ncarbonation. During the initial fermentation, you should always use a cloth\nand rubber band. Kombucha is aerobic and requires oxygen to ferment properly.\n\nIf you like this, then please share!\n\nDisclaimer:\n\nThe information on this website has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug\nAdministration and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any\ndisease. It is not purposed to replace professional medical diagnosis,\ntreatment, or even advice. You should always consult a qualified healthcare\nprofessional with questions about any medical condition. The information is\nnot a substitute for medical or psychological treatment. Any results presented\non this website do not constitute a warranty, guarantee, or prediction\nregarding the outcome of an individual for any particular issue. While all\nmaterials and links to other resources are posted in good faith, the accuracy,\nvalidity, effectiveness, completeness, or usefulness of any information\nherein, as with any publication, cannot be guaranteed. Cultured Food Life Inc.\naccepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever for the use or misuse of the\ninformation contained on this website. We strongly advise that you seek\nprofessional advice as appropriate before making any health decision. Here are\ntwo websites that might help you locate a Functional Medicine/Integrative\npractitioner near you: www.acam.org and www.functionalmedicine.org\n\nIf you purchase anything through a link in this email or website, you should\nassume that we have an affiliate relationship with the company providing the\nproduct or service that you purchase, and that we will be paid in some way. We\nrecommend that you do your own independent research before purchasing\nanything.\n\n© 2020 Cultured Food Life - All photographs, blogs, illustrations, and graphic\ndesigns are originals unless otherwise indicated. No stealing, please.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.thekitchn.com/recipe-lactofermented-mixed-pickles-recipes-from-the-kitchn-194011", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201109035207/https://www.thekitchn.com/recipe-lactofermented-mixed-pickles-recipes-from-the-kitchn-194011", "parsed_text": { "title": "Recipe: Lacto-Fermented Pickled Vegetables", "passages": [ "To the uninitiated, lacto-fermentation often sounds at best confusing and at worst frightening. Before I got elbow-deep into the world of kimchi, sauerkraut, and other fermented foods, I had vague notions of lacto- fermentation involving milk, bacteria, and jars of mysterious contents bubbling away in dark cupboards. Some of this is true, some of it isn’t, and I’ll get to that in a minute. But one thing is for sure: these lacto-fermented mixed pickles are crisp, tangy, and definitely not intimidating to make or eat. In fact they’re one of the easiest pickle recipes out there, perfect to serve alongside sandwiches, salads, or a Ploughman’s lunch.", "When I first started pickling, I used vinegar brines and water bath canning methods, but these days I’m more likely to go the natural fermentation route. Lacto-fermented pickles are delicious, simple, and don’t require a lot of special equipment or ingredients — plus they have the benefit of homemade probiotics. DIY doesn’t get much better than that!", "To dispel the most common myth about lacto-fermentation, it doesn’t necessarily have anything to do with dairy. Instead, the lacto refers to lactic acid. All fruits and vegetables have beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus on the surface. In an anaerobic (oxygen-free) environment, these bacteria convert sugars into lactic acid, which inhibits harmful bacteria and acts as a preservative. It’s also what gives fermented foods their characteristic sour flavor.", "You can pretty much lacto-ferment any vegetable, and here I use a colorful medley of cauliflower, carrots, and red bell peppers. I also throw in a few spices, which you can adapt to your taste, and grape leaves, which help keep the pickles crisp. (If you don’t have access to grape leaves, you can omit them or try using black tea, oak leaves, or other tannin-rich leaves.)", "Pile the ingredients in a jar, add salted water, cover the jar, and let the bacteria do their thing. You can put the jar in a cupboard, but I prefer to leave it out on the counter so I can see and taste what’s going on. The pickles will be ready when they taste and smell good to you — anywhere from a few hours to a few weeks depending on the ingredients and environmental conditions. This batch was good and tangy in three days.", "A few notes on equipment: I like to weigh down the ingredients with a small bowl or jar that fits inside the larger jar. This is not necessary, but it helps keep the vegetables submerged under the brine and prevents mold growth. If you do encounter any mold or yeasty scum, simply skim it off. I also like using a jar fitted with an airlock (similar to a Pickl-It), which blocks oxygen yet releases carbon dioxide produced during fermentation. But again, you don’t need this equipment. A plain old mason jar works fine.", "Combine the salt and water in a measuring cup and stir until the salt is dissolved. (You can heat the water first to make the salt easier to dissolve, but it's not necessary. Let it come to room temperature before making the pickles.)", "Place the remaining ingredients in a very clean, large jar (a half-gallon mason jar works well). Pour the salt water over the vegetables, leaving at least 1 inch of headspace at the top of the jar. If necessary, add more water to cover the vegetables. (Optionally, place a small bowl or jar on top of the vegetables to hold them under the brine.)", "Cover the jar tightly and let it stand at room temperature. About once a day, open the jar to taste the pickles and release gases produced during fermentation. If any mold or scum has formed on the top, simply skim it off. (If using a jar fitted with an airlock, you don't need to \"burp\" it; just open occasionally to taste.)", "When the pickles taste to your liking, transfer the jar to the refrigerator. They will continue to ferment very slowly, but cold storage will largely halt fermentation. As a fermented food, these pickles will last for quite some time, at least a month or longer.", "Water: Chlorinated water can inhibit fermentation, so use spring, distilled, or filtered water if you can. It is also recommended to rinse the vegetables in un-chlorinated water rather than tap water.", "Emily Han is a Los Angeles-based recipe developer, educator, herbalist, and author of Wild Drinks & Cocktails: Handcrafted Squashes, Shrubs, Switchels, Tonics, and Infusions to Mix at Home. For recipes and classes, check out her personal site." ] }, "parsed_md": "Recipe: Lacto-Fermented Pickled Vegetables | Kitchn\n\nNewsletters\n\nRecipes from The Kitchn\n\nGluten-Free\n\nHealthy Living\n\n# Recipe: Lacto-Fermented Pickled Vegetables\n\nby Emily Han\n\nupdated Jan 29, 2020\n\nSaveCommentsJump to Recipe\n\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\nmay earn a commission.\n\n(Image credit: Emily Han)\n\nTo the uninitiated, lacto-fermentation often sounds at best confusing and at\nworst frightening. Before I got elbow-deep into the world of kimchi,\nsauerkraut, and other fermented foods, I had vague notions of lacto-\nfermentation involving milk, bacteria, and jars of mysterious contents\nbubbling away in dark cupboards. Some of this is true, some of it isn’t, and\nI’ll get to that in a minute. But one thing is for sure: these lacto-fermented\nmixed pickles are crisp, tangy, and definitely not intimidating to make or\neat. In fact they’re one of the easiest pickle recipes out there, perfect to\nserve alongside sandwiches, salads, or a Ploughman’s lunch.\n\n(Image credit: Emily Han)\n\nWhen I first started pickling, I used vinegar brines and water bath canning\nmethods, but these days I’m more likely to go the natural fermentation route.\nLacto-fermented pickles are delicious, simple, and don’t require a lot of\nspecial equipment or ingredients — plus they have the benefit of homemade\nprobiotics. DIY doesn’t get much better than that!\n\nTo dispel the most common myth about lacto-fermentation, it doesn’t\nnecessarily have anything to do with dairy. Instead, the lacto refers to\nlactic acid. All fruits and vegetables have beneficial bacteria such as\nLactobacillus on the surface. In an anaerobic (oxygen-free) environment, these\nbacteria convert sugars into lactic acid, which inhibits harmful bacteria and\nacts as a preservative. It’s also what gives fermented foods their\ncharacteristic sour flavor.\n\n(Image credit: Emily Han)\n\nYou can pretty much lacto-ferment any vegetable, and here I use a colorful\nmedley of cauliflower, carrots, and red bell peppers. I also throw in a few\nspices, which you can adapt to your taste, and grape leaves, which help keep\nthe pickles crisp. (If you don’t have access to grape leaves, you can omit\nthem or try using black tea, oak leaves, or other tannin-rich leaves.)\n\nPile the ingredients in a jar, add salted water, cover the jar, and let the\nbacteria do their thing. You can put the jar in a cupboard, but I prefer to\nleave it out on the counter so I can see and taste what’s going on. The\npickles will be ready when they taste and smell good to you — anywhere from a\nfew hours to a few weeks depending on the ingredients and environmental\nconditions. This batch was good and tangy in three days.\n\n(Image credit: Emily Han)\n\nA few notes on equipment: I like to weigh down the ingredients with a small\nbowl or jar that fits inside the larger jar. This is not necessary, but it\nhelps keep the vegetables submerged under the brine and prevents mold growth.\nIf you do encounter any mold or yeasty scum, simply skim it off. I also like\nusing a jar fitted with an airlock (similar to a Pickl-It), which blocks\noxygen yet releases carbon dioxide produced during fermentation. But again,\nyou don’t need this equipment. A plain old mason jar works fine.\n\nComments\n\n2 Ratings\n\n## Lacto-Fermented Mixed Pickles\n\nYieldServes 8\n\nPrep time 10 minutes\n\n * alcohol-free\n * egg-free\n * kidney-friendly\n * peanut-free\n * low-potassium\n * pork-free\n * pescatarian\n * no-oil-added\n * tree-nut-free\n * red-meat-free\n * low-fat\n * dairy-free\n * fish-free\n * vegetarian\n * shellfish-free\n * sugar-conscious\n * soy-free\n * wheat-free\n\nPer serving, based on 8 servings. (% daily value)\n\n * Calories 16\n * Fat 0.2 g (0.3%)\n * Saturated 0.0 g (0.2%)\n * Carbs 3.5 g (1.2%)\n * Fiber 1.2 g (4.7%)\n * Sugars 1.7 g\n * Protein 0.6 g (1.2%)\n * Sodium 380.0 mg (15.8%)\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 3 tablespoons\n\niodine-free sea salt, pickling salt, or kosher salt (see Recipe Notes)\n\n * 1 quart\n\nwater (see Recipe Notes)\n\n * 1 cup\n\nsmall cauliflower florets\n\n * 1 cup\n\ncarrot chunks or slices\n\n * 1 cup\n\nred bell pepper chunks or slices\n\n * 1 clove\n\ngarlic, smashed and peeled\n\n * 1\n\nbay leaf\n\n * 1/2 teaspoon\n\ncoriander seeds\n\n * 1/4 teaspoon\n\nblack peppercorns\n\n * 1 to 2\n\ngrape leaves (optional, to help keep pickles crisp)\n\n### Instructions\n\n 1. Combine the salt and water in a measuring cup and stir until the salt is dissolved. (You can heat the water first to make the salt easier to dissolve, but it's not necessary. Let it come to room temperature before making the pickles.)\n\n 2. Place the remaining ingredients in a very clean, large jar (a half-gallon mason jar works well). Pour the salt water over the vegetables, leaving at least 1 inch of headspace at the top of the jar. If necessary, add more water to cover the vegetables. (Optionally, place a small bowl or jar on top of the vegetables to hold them under the brine.)\n\n 3. Cover the jar tightly and let it stand at room temperature. About once a day, open the jar to taste the pickles and release gases produced during fermentation. If any mold or scum has formed on the top, simply skim it off. (If using a jar fitted with an airlock, you don't need to \"burp\" it; just open occasionally to taste.)\n\n 4. When the pickles taste to your liking, transfer the jar to the refrigerator. They will continue to ferment very slowly, but cold storage will largely halt fermentation. As a fermented food, these pickles will last for quite some time, at least a month or longer.\n\n### Recipe Notes\n\nSalt: Use salt that is free of iodine and/or anti-caking agents, which can\ninhibit fermentation.\n\nWater: Chlorinated water can inhibit fermentation, so use spring, distilled,\nor filtered water if you can. It is also recommended to rinse the vegetables\nin un-chlorinated water rather than tap water.\n\nEmily Han\n\nContributor\n\nEmily Han is a Los Angeles-based recipe developer, educator, herbalist, and\nauthor of Wild Drinks & Cocktails: Handcrafted Squashes, Shrubs, Switchels,\nTonics, and Infusions to Mix at Home. For recipes and classes, check out her\npersonal site.\n\nSaveCommentsJump to Recipe\n\nFollow us\n\nKitchn is a part of the AT Media family. AT Media is Apartment Therapy,\nKitchn, and Cubby.\n\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\nit!\n\nKitchn is © 1994-2020 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.clemson.edu/extension/food/canning/canning-tips/46fermenting-vegetables.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201202061636/https://www.clemson.edu/extension/food/canning/canning-tips/46fermenting-vegetables.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Want to Ferment Vegetables? Start with Sauerkraut", "passages": [ "What is fermentation? During sauerkraut fermentations, lactic acid bacteria change vegetable sugars to acids and flavor compounds. Commercial sauerkraut may be fermented by naturally occurring lactic acid bacteria or by added starter cultures. At home, fermentations are allowed to occur naturally without adding cultures. Acid production (fermentation) in vegetables requires conditions supporting the growth of desirable lactic acid bacteria; supportive conditions include water, nutrients, appropriate temperature, appropriate salt concentration, and the absence of air. Science-based, tested recipes for fermenting vegetables address factors you can control - temperature, salt concentration and lack of air.", "According to Dr. Fred Breidt, Jr., a USDA microbiologist who specializes in the safety of fermented and acidic foods, the scientific literature has never recorded a case of food poisoning from raw vegetables that have been fermented properly. But he emphasizes that the key word is “properly,” which some people who quote him fail to include in that sentence.", "Fermented vegetables can be safer than raw vegetables since fermentation kills harmful bacteria. However, basic food safety practices must be followed. Start with vegetables that have been grown using good food safety practices. Make sure the vegetables did not come into contact with manure or improperly cured compost (that may still contain pathogens such as E. coli or Salmonella). Wash vegetables, hands, any cutting or preparation utensils, surfaces where vegetables will be cut or chopped, and any containers used for them. Follow tested procedures.", "Containers for sauerkraut fermentation: Use large stoneware crocks, large glass jars or food-grade plastic containers. Do not use aluminum, copper, brass, galvanized or iron containers for fermenting sauerkraut; these metals will react with the acids and salt in the sauerkraut, discolor it and leach into it. Use large enough containers to allow 4 to 5 inches of space between the top of the cabbage and the top of the container. A 1-gallon volume typically is required for each 5 pounds of fresh cabbage (use a 5-gallon container for the following recipe).", "Weights for sauerkraut fermentation: Fermenting cabbage must be completely submerged in brine to limit air and support growth of lactic acid bacteria. One option is to use a heavy plate or glass lid that fits inside the container. If extra weight is needed, set a filled, sealed glass jar containing water on top of the plate or lid. Cabbage should be covered by 1 to 2 inches of brine.", "Alternatively, place one extra-large food-grade plastic bag inside another and fill the inside bag with brine (11⁄2 tablespoons salt per quart water). Close the end securely. Use this filled double bag as the weight on top of the cabbage. Filling the bag with brine is a precaution, in case the bags are accidentally punctured.", "Ingredients: For the best sauerkraut, use firm heads of fresh cabbage. Shred cabbage and start kraut within 48 hours of harvest.", "Work with about 5 pounds of cabbage at a time. Discard outer leaves (removes many undesirable microorganisms typically found on cabbage outer leaves.) Rinse heads under cold running water and drain.", "Cut heads in quarters and remove cores. Shred or slice to a quarter-inch thickness. (Increases surface area and makes the nutrients in cabbage more available to lactic acid bacteria.)", "Mix thoroughly, using clean hands. Pack firmly until salt draws juices from cabbage. (Salt not only draws juices and nutrients from cabbage but also helps to keep undesirable bacteria from growing. The desired final concentration of 2.25% to 2.5% salt favors leuconostoc lactic acid bacteria; these organisms produce lactic acid and desirable flavor compounds in kraut.)", "Ensure that juice covers cabbage; if not, add boiled and cooled brine (11⁄2 tablespoons salt per quart water). (Lactic acid bacteria grow best in the absence of air.)", "Store kraut at 60°F to 70°F while fermenting (optimal growth temperature for kraut-fermenting lactic acid bacteria). At 60°F to 65°F, fermentation may take 5 to 6 weeks. At temperatures between 70°F and 75°F, kraut will fully ferment in 3 to 4 weeks but will contain more acid and less flavor. At temperatures lower than 60°F, kraut may not ferment. Above 75°F, kraut may become soft.", "If you weigh down the cabbage with a brine-filled bag, do not disturb the container until fermentation is completed and bubbling ceases. If you use jars as weights, check kraut two to three times each week and remove any scum that forms.", "Cabbage is converted to sauerkraut due to growth and acid production by a succession of lactic acid bacteria. Salt and limited air creates desirable conditions for the leuconostocs – a group of less acid tolerant lactic acid bacteria that grow better at 60°F to 70°F. As the leuconostocs grow, they produce flavor compounds, lactic acid and carbon dioxide creating an environment that favors more acid tolerant lactobacilli (grow well above 70°F). Acid production in kraut is completed by lactobacilli occasionally in combination with other lactic acid bacteria.", "Storage: Fully fermented kraut may be kept tightly covered in the refrigerator for several months or may be canned as follows:", "Hot Pack: Bring kraut and liquid slowly to a boil in a large kettle, stirring frequently. Remove from heat and fill jars rather firmly with kraut and juices, leaving 1⁄2-inch headspace. Adjust lids and process pints for 10 minutes and quarts for 15 minutes in a boiling water bath canner.", "Raw Pack: Fill jars firmly with kraut and cover with juices, leaving 1⁄2-inch headspace. Adjust lids and process 20 minutes for pints and 25 minutes for quarts in a boiling water bath canner.", "pH 4.6 or below. To ensure that fermentation is done properly, follow tested recipes obtained from credible sources such as university Extension sites (see those listed below).", "So Easy to Preserve. 2006. 5th ed. Revised by Drs. E.L. Andress and J.A. Harrison. Cooperative Extension, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA. (http://setp.uga.edu; currently out of print; 6th edition expected this summer.) This book is the authoritative source for canning procedures and recipes and offers excellent troubleshooting tips.", "Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service offers its programs to people of all ages, regardless of race, color, gender, religion, national origin, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital or family status and is an equal opportunity employer." ] }, "parsed_md": "Want to Ferment Vegetables? Start with Sauerkraut | College of Agriculture,\nForestry and Life Sciences | Clemson University, South Carolina\n\nCOVID-19 Extension Updates and Resources ... More Information »\n\n### Audiences\n\n * Clemson.edu\n * PSA\n * CAFLS\n\n### Resources\n\n * A-Z Index\n * Calendar\n * Campus Maps\n * Phonebook\n * Apply Now\n * Make a Gift\n\n# Want to Ferment Vegetables? Start with Sauerkraut\n\nWhat is fermentation? During sauerkraut fermentations, lactic acid bacteria\nchange vegetable sugars to acids and flavor compounds. Commercial sauerkraut\nmay be fermented by naturally occurring lactic acid bacteria or by added\nstarter cultures. At home, fermentations are allowed to occur naturally\nwithout adding cultures. Acid production (fermentation) in vegetables requires\nconditions supporting the growth of desirable lactic acid bacteria; supportive\nconditions include water, nutrients, appropriate temperature, appropriate salt\nconcentration, and the absence of air. Science-based, tested recipes for\nfermenting vegetables address factors you can control - temperature, salt\nconcentration and lack of air.\n\nAccording to Dr. Fred Breidt, Jr., a USDA microbiologist who specializes in\nthe safety of fermented and acidic foods, the scientific literature has never\nrecorded a case of food poisoning from raw vegetables that have been fermented\nproperly. But he emphasizes that the key word is “properly,” which some people\nwho quote him fail to include in that sentence.\n\nFermented vegetables can be safer than raw vegetables since fermentation kills\nharmful bacteria. However, basic food safety practices must be followed. Start\nwith vegetables that have been grown using good food safety practices. Make\nsure the vegetables did not come into contact with manure or improperly cured\ncompost (that may still contain pathogens such as E. coli or Salmonella). Wash\nvegetables, hands, any cutting or preparation utensils, surfaces where\nvegetables will be cut or chopped, and any containers used for them. Follow\ntested procedures.\n\nSauerkraut: Making sauerkraut is a good first step in gaining experience with\nvegetable fermentations.\n\nContainers for sauerkraut fermentation: Use large stoneware crocks, large\nglass jars or food-grade plastic containers. Do not use aluminum, copper,\nbrass, galvanized or iron containers for fermenting sauerkraut; these metals\nwill react with the acids and salt in the sauerkraut, discolor it and leach\ninto it. Use large enough containers to allow 4 to 5 inches of space between\nthe top of the cabbage and the top of the container. A 1-gallon volume\ntypically is required for each 5 pounds of fresh cabbage (use a 5-gallon\ncontainer for the following recipe).\n\nWeights for sauerkraut fermentation: Fermenting cabbage must be completely\nsubmerged in brine to limit air and support growth of lactic acid bacteria.\nOne option is to use a heavy plate or glass lid that fits inside the\ncontainer. If extra weight is needed, set a filled, sealed glass jar\ncontaining water on top of the plate or lid. Cabbage should be covered by 1 to\n2 inches of brine.\n\nAlternatively, place one extra-large food-grade plastic bag inside another and\nfill the inside bag with brine (11⁄2 tablespoons salt per quart water). Close\nthe end securely. Use this filled double bag as the weight on top of the\ncabbage. Filling the bag with brine is a precaution, in case the bags are\naccidentally punctured.\n\nIngredients: For the best sauerkraut, use firm heads of fresh cabbage. Shred\ncabbage and start kraut within 48 hours of harvest.\n\n * 25 pounds cabbage\n * 3⁄4 cup canning or pickling salt\n\nExpected yield: About 9 quarts\n\nProcedure:\n\n * Work with about 5 pounds of cabbage at a time. Discard outer leaves (removes many undesirable microorganisms typically found on cabbage outer leaves.) Rinse heads under cold running water and drain.\n * Cut heads in quarters and remove cores. Shred or slice to a quarter-inch thickness. (Increases surface area and makes the nutrients in cabbage more available to lactic acid bacteria.)\n * Put shredded cabbage in fermentation container. Add 3 tablespoons canning or pickling salt.\n * Mix thoroughly, using clean hands. Pack firmly until salt draws juices from cabbage. (Salt not only draws juices and nutrients from cabbage but also helps to keep undesirable bacteria from growing. The desired final concentration of 2.25% to 2.5% salt favors leuconostoc lactic acid bacteria; these organisms produce lactic acid and desirable flavor compounds in kraut.)\n * Repeat shredding, salting and packing until all cabbage is in the container.\n * Ensure that juice covers cabbage; if not, add boiled and cooled brine (11⁄2 tablespoons salt per quart water). (Lactic acid bacteria grow best in the absence of air.)\n * Add weights; cover container with a clean bath towel.\n * Store kraut at 60°F to 70°F while fermenting (optimal growth temperature for kraut-fermenting lactic acid bacteria). At 60°F to 65°F, fermentation may take 5 to 6 weeks. At temperatures between 70°F and 75°F, kraut will fully ferment in 3 to 4 weeks but will contain more acid and less flavor. At temperatures lower than 60°F, kraut may not ferment. Above 75°F, kraut may become soft.\n * If you weigh down the cabbage with a brine-filled bag, do not disturb the container until fermentation is completed and bubbling ceases. If you use jars as weights, check kraut two to three times each week and remove any scum that forms.\n * Cabbage is converted to sauerkraut due to growth and acid production by a succession of lactic acid bacteria. Salt and limited air creates desirable conditions for the leuconostocs – a group of less acid tolerant lactic acid bacteria that grow better at 60°F to 70°F. As the leuconostocs grow, they produce flavor compounds, lactic acid and carbon dioxide creating an environment that favors more acid tolerant lactobacilli (grow well above 70°F). Acid production in kraut is completed by lactobacilli occasionally in combination with other lactic acid bacteria.\n\nStorage: Fully fermented kraut may be kept tightly covered in the refrigerator\nfor several months or may be canned as follows:\n\n * Hot Pack: Bring kraut and liquid slowly to a boil in a large kettle, stirring frequently. Remove from heat and fill jars rather firmly with kraut and juices, leaving 1⁄2-inch headspace. Adjust lids and process pints for 10 minutes and quarts for 15 minutes in a boiling water bath canner.\n * Raw Pack: Fill jars firmly with kraut and cover with juices, leaving 1⁄2-inch headspace. Adjust lids and process 20 minutes for pints and 25 minutes for quarts in a boiling water bath canner.\n\nKraut fermentation, if done properly, will bring food to the “safe” acid level\n- pH 4.6 or below. To ensure that fermentation is done properly, follow tested\nrecipes obtained from credible sources such as university Extension sites (see\nthose listed below).\n\nReferences and Additional Information:\n\nCookson Beecher, March 11, 2014 Fermenting Veggies at Home: Follow Food Safety\nABCs. Food Safety News http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2014/03/fermenting-\nveggies-at-home-follow-food-safety-abcs/#.U4y7rXYSaql\n\nSo Easy to Preserve. 2006. 5th ed. Revised by Drs. E.L. Andress and J.A.\nHarrison. Cooperative Extension, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA.\n(http://setp.uga.edu; currently out of print; 6th edition expected this\nsummer.) This book is the authoritative source for canning procedures and\nrecipes and offers excellent troubleshooting tips.\n\nClemson University Home & Garden Information Center\n\nHGIC 3380 Dill Pickles and Sauerkraut\n\nHGIC 3100 Pickle Basics\n\nHGIC 3101 Common Pickle Problems\n\nHGIC 3040 Canning Foods at Home\n\nNational Center for Home Food Preservation. University of Georgia,\n(www.nchfp.uga.edu)\n\nComplete Guide to Home Canning. 2009. USDA NIFA. Agriculture Bulletin 539.\nFree download available at\nhttp://nchfp.uga.edu/publications/publications_usda.html.\n\nBall Blue Book Guide to Preserving. 2010. Hearthmark, LLC, d.b.a. Jarden Home\nBrands, Daleville, IN.\n\nFPM Knowledge Center. 2013. Sauerkraut fermentation.\nhttps://www.foodpreservationmethods.com/sauerkraut-kimchi-pickles-\nrelishes/sauerkraut/fermentation\n\n * HOME\n * COVID-19 Resources\n * Meet the Team\n * Food Recalls\n * Events\n * Carolina Canning\n\n * Canning Tips\n * Contact information\n * Food2Market\n * ServSafe®\n * Grower Training\n * Aquaponics\n * Contact\n\nClemson University Cooperative Extension Service offers its programs to people\nof all ages, regardless of race, color, gender, religion, national origin,\ndisability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital or\nfamily status and is an equal opportunity employer.\n\nCopyright © 2020 Clemson University Clemson Cooperative Extension Clemson, SC\nContact Us\n\nEmergency Preparedness\n\nFor Employees Page Update Request\n\n" } ]
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How To Build a Campfire
To build a campfire, start by digging a shallow pit and clearing out any nearby vegetation. Then, put some tinder, like crumpled up paper or wood shavings, in the bottom of the pit. Next, arrange your kindling and firewood around the tinder in a teepee shape. When you're ready to light the fire, hold a lighter underneath the tinder until it catches. Wait for the flames to spread to the kindling and firewood. If they go out before the bigger pieces of wood catch, try adding more tinder and relighting the fire.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201109040429/https://www.reserveamerica.com/outdoors/how-to-start-a-campfire.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211217011240/https://smokeybear.com/en/prevention-how-tos/campfire-safety/how-to-pick-your-campfire-spot", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180116131626/https://www.artofmanliness.com/2008/09/04/how-to-build-a-roaring-campfire/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170708015753/http://www.cabelas.com/category/Camp-How-to-Start-a-Campfire/666549180.uts" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.reserveamerica.com/outdoors/how-to-start-a-campfire.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201109040429/https://www.reserveamerica.com/outdoors/how-to-start-a-campfire.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Start a Campfire", "passages": [ "When you hear the word \"camping,\" a swirl of pleasant images immediately comes to mind. But perhaps the most iconic is the welcoming campfire.", "More than just to ward off the chilly night, a campfire is a place where family and friends gather to lounge and chat, roast marshmallows, or simply stare into the glowing coals and let the mind wander.", "But before you can reach such nirvana, you should know how to start a campfire. And really, it's not that hard...", "There's a bit more to building a great campfire than simply placing a few logs in a heap and tossing on a match. Here's what you'll need:", "Firewood—the crown of an inviting campfire. Firewood can vary anywhere from 1 inch to 5 inches in diameter. It can be whole logs, or split down from larger pieces. It's important that your firewood is completely dry in order to start easily and stay lit.", "Important Note: Don't break branches off trees for firewood. If everyone did this there wouldn't be any forests left. Some forest management agencies permit you to pick up fallen limbs but ask first.", "Matches or a lighter—how else are you going to get your campfire started? Common stick matches are fine, although gas lighters used for starting BBQ grills are gaining in popularity.", "If your site has a fire ring, you'll probably have to push the ash and charcoal from previous fires to the outer edge of the ring to give you enough room for the new fire. For ashes that are stone cold, consider shoveling them into a plastic trash bag for proper disposal later.", "If you have to create your own fire pit, clear away any dead grass or vegetation for 8 to 10 feet around. You want bare dirt. Then dig down into the cleared soil several inches and set the loose dirt off to one side for use in case of emergency. You can mound the dirt around the sides of the pit to act as a firewall, or place large rocks around the edge of the pit to insulate the fire.", "Next, at the center of the fire ring, lay a bed of tinder perhaps a foot in diameter. (Remember, tinder is the really light, quick burning material.)", "1. The Teepee Fire: This style is good for cooking. First, arrange your kindling in teepee fashion over your tinder. Then build a larger teepee of firewood over the kindling. When lit, the flames will rise up through the kindling and into the larger wood.", "2. The Lean-to Fire: This style is also good for cooking. Start by sticking a long piece of kindling into the ground above your tinder at about a 30-degree angle, with the other end of the stick pointing into the wind. Then lean smaller pieces of kindling against both sides of the longer piece to build a tent. As the kindling catches fire add more, followed by your firewood.", "3. The Cross Fire: This is ideal for a long-lasting fire. Start by laying your kindling over the tinder bed in a crisscross fashion, followed by your logs or firewood.", "4. The Log Cabin Fire: Another long-lasting fire. Begin by creating a kindling teepee over your tinder, then lay two logs on either side of the cone. Place two more logs on top of these to form a square. Then build up using smaller and shorter pieces of firewood until you've formed a cabin. Top off the cabin with some of your lightest kindling.", "Now it's time to enjoy the results of your labor. Remember to keep children and pets safely away, then light your tinder. For best results light the tinder from several sides. Don't squirt charcoal lighter fluid into a fire; flames could travel up the stream and burn you. And NEVER use gasoline!", "Once your campfire is established, feed it with additional wood as needed, taking care not to build the flames too high. Be sure to keep your fire extinguishing tools nearby, and never leave a fire unattended, even for a moment.", "Once the evening is over, it's your responsibility to put your campfire out completely so give yourself plenty of time to do the job right.", "Start by sprinkling—not pouring—water onto the flames or coals. Don't flood the fire ring or pit as you or the next camper will want to use it later.", "As you sprinkle, stir the embers with a stick or shovel to ensure that all the coals get wet. Once the steam has subsided and you no longer hear any hissing sounds you're just about done.", "Before you head off to bed or pack up to leave, place the back of your hand just above the wet ashes. Don't touch them as they could still be hot. Don't feel any heat? Then the fire is out. If it still feels warm add more water and stir until the fire bed is cold.", "With the proper fire ring or pit, the right tinder, kindling and firewood, plus selecting the style of campfire that best meets your preferences, you and your family can safely enjoy an evening under the stars while making s'mores.", "Safety is the most important factor when learning how to start a campfire—especially if you have kiddie campers. A 2011 study revealed that a person is injured by fire every 30 minutes, so stay alert as dancing flames have a magnetic quality that draws people close.", "Right behind personal safety is the environment. The Earth's climate change is leaving our forests and grasslands parched—to the point where one errant spark can set off a raging wildfire. So before you even think about how to start a campfire, consider these important points:", "Are campfires allowed in the area? Look for posted signs. Or ask a ranger or camp host. Just because a campsite has a fire ring doesn't automatically mean fires are permitted.", "Is the site properly prepared? Be sure there's at least 8 to 10 feet of bare dirt surrounding the fire ring. Take the time to clear away any flammable debris that can catch fire. And make sure there are no tree branches overhanging the area; they can catch fire more easily than you think.", "How about weather conditions? Take heed of building clouds and rising winds. An approaching storm can easily fan the smallest campfire out of control. If there's even the slightest doubt, wait for safer conditions.", "Do you have fire safety equipment? Always make sure there's a shovel nearby, along with a few gallons of water. While water is preferred, a liberal application of loose dirt can keep things under control. Just be aware that coals can stay dangerously hot beneath a blanket of soil many hours after you've put the fire out.", "ReserveAmerica.com and an avid camping enthusiast. He's been dragging his trailer and willing family around the western U.S. for over a decade." ] }, "parsed_md": "leftBody| centerBody| rightBody \n---|---|--- \n \nHow to Start a Campfire\n\n|\n\nHome > Camping Articles > How to Start a Campfire\n\n# How to Start a Campfire\n\n## By Jeff Adams For ReserveAmerica.com\n\nWhen you hear the word \"camping,\" a swirl of pleasant images immediately comes\nto mind. But perhaps the most iconic is the welcoming campfire.\n\nMore than just to ward off the chilly night, a campfire is a place where\nfamily and friends gather to lounge and chat, roast marshmallows, or simply\nstare into the glowing coals and let the mind wander.\n\nBut before you can reach such nirvana, you should know how to start a\ncampfire. And really, it's not that hard...\n\n## STEP 1: Gather Your Tools\n\nThere's a bit more to building a great campfire than simply placing a few logs\nin a heap and tossing on a match. Here's what you'll need:\n\nTinder—the smallest and easiest burning materials used to get a campfire\nstarted. Tinder can take many forms, including:\n\n * Wood shavings\n * Wadded paper\n * Strips of cardboard\n * Commercial fire sticks or fire starters\n * Dryer lint\n * Wax\n\nKindling—the next step up in size. Usually twigs or small branches between 1/8\ninch and 1/2 inch in diameter.\n\nFirewood—the crown of an inviting campfire. Firewood can vary anywhere from 1\ninch to 5 inches in diameter. It can be whole logs, or split down from larger\npieces. It's important that your firewood is completely dry in order to start\neasily and stay lit.\n\nImportant Note: Don't break branches off trees for firewood. If everyone did\nthis there wouldn't be any forests left. Some forest management agencies\npermit you to pick up fallen limbs but ask first.\n\nMatches or a lighter—how else are you going to get your campfire started?\nCommon stick matches are fine, although gas lighters used for starting BBQ\ngrills are gaining in popularity.\n\n## STEP 2: Build the Fire\n\nBefore you can start a campfire, you have to build it first.\n\nIf your site has a fire ring, you'll probably have to push the ash and\ncharcoal from previous fires to the outer edge of the ring to give you enough\nroom for the new fire. For ashes that are stone cold, consider shoveling them\ninto a plastic trash bag for proper disposal later.\n\nIf you have to create your own fire pit, clear away any dead grass or\nvegetation for 8 to 10 feet around. You want bare dirt. Then dig down into the\ncleared soil several inches and set the loose dirt off to one side for use in\ncase of emergency. You can mound the dirt around the sides of the pit to act\nas a firewall, or place large rocks around the edge of the pit to insulate the\nfire.\n\nNext, at the center of the fire ring, lay a bed of tinder perhaps a foot in\ndiameter. (Remember, tinder is the really light, quick burning material.)\n\n1\\. The Teepee Fire: This style is good for cooking. First, arrange your\nkindling in teepee fashion over your tinder. Then build a larger teepee of\nfirewood over the kindling. When lit, the flames will rise up through the\nkindling and into the larger wood.\n\n2\\. The Lean-to Fire: This style is also good for cooking. Start by sticking a\nlong piece of kindling into the ground above your tinder at about a 30-degree\nangle, with the other end of the stick pointing into the wind. Then lean\nsmaller pieces of kindling against both sides of the longer piece to build a\ntent. As the kindling catches fire add more, followed by your firewood.\n\n3\\. The Cross Fire: This is ideal for a long-lasting fire. Start by laying\nyour kindling over the tinder bed in a crisscross fashion, followed by your\nlogs or firewood.\n\n4\\. The Log Cabin Fire: Another long-lasting fire. Begin by creating a\nkindling teepee over your tinder, then lay two logs on either side of the\ncone. Place two more logs on top of these to form a square. Then build up\nusing smaller and shorter pieces of firewood until you've formed a cabin. Top\noff the cabin with some of your lightest kindling.\n\n## STEP 3: Light the Fire\n\nNow it's time to enjoy the results of your labor. Remember to keep children\nand pets safely away, then light your tinder. For best results light the\ntinder from several sides. Don't squirt charcoal lighter fluid into a fire;\nflames could travel up the stream and burn you. And NEVER use gasoline!\n\nOnce your campfire is established, feed it with additional wood as needed,\ntaking care not to build the flames too high. Be sure to keep your fire\nextinguishing tools nearby, and never leave a fire unattended, even for a\nmoment.\n\n## Putting Out Your Fire\n\nOnce the evening is over, it's your responsibility to put your campfire out\ncompletely so give yourself plenty of time to do the job right.\n\nStart by sprinkling—not pouring—water onto the flames or coals. Don't flood\nthe fire ring or pit as you or the next camper will want to use it later.\n\nAs you sprinkle, stir the embers with a stick or shovel to ensure that all the\ncoals get wet. Once the steam has subsided and you no longer hear any hissing\nsounds you're just about done.\n\nBefore you head off to bed or pack up to leave, place the back of your hand\njust above the wet ashes. Don't touch them as they could still be hot. Don't\nfeel any heat? Then the fire is out. If it still feels warm add more water and\nstir until the fire bed is cold.\n\nWith the proper fire ring or pit, the right tinder, kindling and firewood,\nplus selecting the style of campfire that best meets your preferences, you and\nyour family can safely enjoy an evening under the stars while making s'mores.\n\n## Don't Forget: Safety First\n\nSafety is the most important factor when learning how to start a\ncampfire—especially if you have kiddie campers. A 2011 study revealed that a\nperson is injured by fire every 30 minutes, so stay alert as dancing flames\nhave a magnetic quality that draws people close.\n\nRight behind personal safety is the environment. The Earth's climate change is\nleaving our forests and grasslands parched—to the point where one errant spark\ncan set off a raging wildfire. So before you even think about how to start a\ncampfire, consider these important points:\n\n * Are campfires allowed in the area? Look for posted signs. Or ask a ranger or camp host. Just because a campsite has a fire ring doesn't automatically mean fires are permitted.\n * Is the site properly prepared? Be sure there's at least 8 to 10 feet of bare dirt surrounding the fire ring. Take the time to clear away any flammable debris that can catch fire. And make sure there are no tree branches overhanging the area; they can catch fire more easily than you think.\n * How about weather conditions? Take heed of building clouds and rising winds. An approaching storm can easily fan the smallest campfire out of control. If there's even the slightest doubt, wait for safer conditions.\n * Do you have fire safety equipment? Always make sure there's a shovel nearby, along with a few gallons of water. While water is preferred, a liberal application of loose dirt can keep things under control. Just be aware that coals can stay dangerously hot beneath a blanket of soil many hours after you've put the fire out.\n\nReserve a campsite.\n\n### Jeff Adams is a California-based freelance writer, contributor to\nReserveAmerica.com and an avid camping enthusiast. He's been dragging his\ntrailer and willing family around the western U.S. for over a decade.\n\n|\n\n## More Camping Articles\n\nBest Foods to Cook Over a Fire\n\nCast-Iron Cooking: 2 Quick Recipes\n\nHow to Make Comfort Food at the Campsite \n \n---|---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://smokeybear.com/en/prevention-how-tos/campfire-safety/how-to-pick-your-campfire-spot", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211217011240/https://smokeybear.com/en/prevention-how-tos/campfire-safety/how-to-pick-your-campfire-spot", "parsed_text": { "title": "Pick Your Spot", "passages": [ "DO NOT build a campfire if the campground, area or event rules prohibit them. Sometimes digging of pits may be prohibited due to archaeological or other concerns.", "If there is not an existing fire pit, and pits are allowed, choose a site at least 15 feet from tent walls, shrubs, trees or other flammable objects. Beware of low-hanging branches." ] }, "parsed_md": "Pick Your Spot | Smokey Bear\n\nSmokey Bear logo\n\n * About Wildland Fire\n\n * About Wildland Fire\n * Benefits of Fire\n * Fire Science\n * Fighting Wildfires\n * Prevention How-Tos\n\n * Prevention How-Tos\n * Campfire Safety\n * Equipment Use and Maintenance\n * Backyard Debris Burning\n * How to Prepare Your Home for Wildfire\n * Smokey's History\n\n * Smokey's History\n * About the Campaign\n * Story of Smokey\n * Smokey for Kids\n\n * Smokey for Kids\n * Preventing Wildfires\n * Campfire Rules\n * Story Maker\n * Design a Coloring Book\n * About Smokey\n * For Educators\n\n * For Educators\n * Elementary Resources\n * Middle School Resources\n * Forest Links\n\nFacebook Twitter\n\nSpanish\n\n * Home\n * Prevention How-Tos\n * Campfire Safety\n\n# How to Pick Your Campfire Spot\n\nFacebook Twitter\n\nFollow these steps when picking your campfire spot to help prevent wildfires.\n\n * ###### 1\n\nDO NOT build a campfire if the campground, area or event rules prohibit them.\nSometimes digging of pits may be prohibited due to archaeological or other\nconcerns.\n\n * ###### 2\n\nDO NOT build a campfire in hazardous, dry conditions.\n\n * ###### 3\n\nFIND OUT if the campground has an existing fire ring or fire pit.\n\n * ###### 4\n\nIf there is not an existing fire pit, and pits are allowed, choose a site at\nleast 15 feet from tent walls, shrubs, trees or other flammable objects.\nBeware of low-hanging branches.\n\n * ###### 5\n\nChoose an open, level location away from heavy fuels such as logs, brush or\ndecaying leaves.\n\n * ###### 6\n\nTake wind, and its direction, into account when choosing the site. Choose a\nspot that’s protected from gusts.\n\nSmokey Bear's Campfire Safety Guide\n\n##### Up Next\n\n### Prepare Your Pit\n\nLEARN HOW\n\n * twitter\n * instagram\n * youtube\n * facebook\n\n##### For Wildfire Prevention Professionals:\n\nSmokey Bear Awards Toolkit Smokey Bear Use Guidelines Smokey Costume Use\nSmokey Bear Costume - Job Hazard Analysis\n\n * Contact Info\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Nondiscrimination Statement\n\n© 2021, The Ad Council\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.artofmanliness.com/2008/09/04/how-to-build-a-roaring-campfire/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180116131626/https://www.artofmanliness.com/2008/09/04/how-to-build-a-roaring-campfire/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Build a Roaring Campfire", "passages": [ "There is a primal link between man and fire. For ancient man, fire provided warmth, protection from wild animals, light in the dark wilderness, and a place to cook food. While fire is no longer vital to most men’s existence, it still has a magnetic power that attracts us. The flames of fire can inspire legendary stories, generate uplifting discussion, and build camaraderie among the men circled around them. Also, there’s nothing more romantic than cuddling up to your gal next to a warm fire. And I’d take some manly campfire-cooked grub over the food of a four-star restaurant any day. Thus every man should know how to start one and be well-practiced in doing so.", "When building a fire, always think about safety first. You don’t want to be that guy who starts a raging wildfire in a national park. If your camping site has a designated fire area, use it. If you’re camping in a more rugged area that lacks fire sites, you’ll need to make your own. Select a site away from trees, bushes, and other plant material. Your fire bed should be on bare earth, not grass (especially dead grass). If you can’t find a bare area, make your own by digging and raking away plant material, taking particular care in clearing away all dry plant material. Dry grass, branches, and bark catch fire easily.", "After you’ve cleared the area, it’s time to make your bed. Gather in dirt and place it in the center of your cleared area. Form the dirt into a “platform” that’s about 3-4 inches thick.", "Tinder. Every good campfire starts with good tinder. Tinder catches fire easily, but burns fast. Material like dry leaves, dry bark, wood shavings, dry grass, and some fluffy fungi make for good tinder. If you’re a smart camper, you’ll bring your own tinder in the form of dryer lint or homemade char cloth. Bringing your own tinder is especially important when everything outside is wet. Believe it or not, wet tinder does not catch on fire.", "Kindling. Tinder burns fast, so you’ll need something with more substance to keep your flame going. You can’t move directly to big logs. You’ll just smother your little flame. That’s where kindling comes in. Kindling usually consists of small twigs and branches. Go for something that’s about the width of a pencil. Like tinder, kindling needs to be dry or else it won’t burn as easily. If all you have are wet twigs and branches, try whittling away the damp bark with your pocket knife.", "Fuel wood. Fuel wood is what keeps your fire hot and burning. Contrary to popular belief, fuel wood doesn’t have to look like the huge logs you use in a fireplace. If you go too big, it’s going to take a long time for the wood to catch fire. Look for branches that are about as wide as your wrist or your forearm.", "General tips. When gathering wood for a fire, collect wood that snaps and breaks easily. Dry wood burns the best. If your wood bends, it’s too wet or “green.” If your try to make a fire with this sort of wood, you’ll just get a lot of smoke. Unlike tinder and kindling, fuel wood can be a little damp. The fire will dry it out, but it’s still not ideal.", "Collect twice as much tinder, kindling, and fuel wood as you think you’ll need. You’ll be surprised how fast you’ll go through tinder and kindling when you’re starting your fire.", "Above your tinder bundle, form a teepee with some kindling. Leave an opening in your teepee on the side the wind is blowing against. This will ensure that your fire gets the air it needs and will blow the flames onto the kindling.", "Place a match under your tinder. Because this lay directs the flame up, the flame should rise to the kindling and then on to the fuel wood.", "The teepee structure will eventually fall, and at this point you can simply add some fuel logs to the fire.", "Stick a long piece of kindling into the ground at about a 30-degree angle. The end of the stick should be pointing into the wind.", "Lay small pieces of kindling against the piece stuck in the ground. Add another layer with larger pieces of kindling.", "Have you played with Lincoln Logs? Basically, you’re going to play a larger version of Lincoln Logs and burn them when you’re done.", "Find smaller pieces of fuel wood and lay them across the first set of fuel wood, parallel on the other sides of the tepee. Just like you would with Lincoln Logs.", "So you’re done with your fire. Unless you want to break Smokey the Bear’s heart, you need to put it out thoroughly. The following guidelines will kill your fire good and dead.", "Start early. Putting out a fire completely takes longer than you think. Plan when you’re going to bed or leaving and start putting out your fire about 20 minutes before then.", "Sprinkle, don’t pour. You should have a bucketful of water near your campfire for safety reasons. When it’s time to go, this will serve as your fire extinguisher. Avoid the impulse to pour all the water on the fire. You don’t want to flood the pit because you or someone else will need to use it later. Instead, sprinkle as much water as you need to put out the embers and charcoal.", "Stir. As you sprinkle water over the embers, stir them with a stick or shovel. This ensures that all the ashes get wet. When you don’t see any steam and don’t hear any hissing noises, you know you’re getting close to a completely extinguished fire.", "Touch test. Don’t actually run your hands through the ashes. You don’t want to brand yourself with a searing ember. Put the back of your hand near the ashes. If you still feel heat, it’s too hot to leave. Keep adding water and stirring. As soon as it feels cool, you’re good to go.", "Dispose the ashes. You don’t want to leave the next camper a fire bed full of old ashes. Also, if you had to create your own fire bed, you want to leave the land in the same condition as how you found it. Scoop up the ashes in a bag and spread them out around the campsite.", "For information on how to start a fire sans matches, check out 9 Ways to Start a Fire Without Matches." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Build a Roaring Campfire | The Art of Manliness\n\n * Lessons In Manliness\n * Manvotionals\n * On Manhood\n * On Virtue\n * Personal Development\n * Browse A Man's Life\n\n## Lessons From Fahrenheit 451 for the Modern Day\n\n## Lessons From Walter Cronkite in the Lost Art of Gravitas\n\n## 9 Things a Grown Man Can Learn From the Hardy Boys\n\n## Turn Your Excuses Into Action: The “Do What You Can” Guide from the Blind,\nTeenage Leader of the French Resistance\n\n## Manvotional: The Lesson General Grant Learned About Fear During the Civil\nWar\n\n## Manvotional: The Boy Who Can't\n\n## Manvotional: Success & Happiness\n\n## Manvotional: The Greatest Danger in the World\n\n## Why We Should Celebrate the Masks of Masculinity\n\n## Podcast #337: What Homer's Odyssey Can Teach Us Today\n\n## The Tragic, Liberating Message About Manliness Hidden in American Tall\nTales\n\n## Hector and Achilles: Two Paths to Manliness\n\n## Courage Vs. Boldness: How to Live With Spartan Bravery\n\n## Podcast #185: Forces of Character\n\n## The 7 Key Mindset Changes for Shifting from Passive Idleness to Active\nReadiness\n\n## Podcast #166: Self, Soul, and Living a More Idealistic Life\n\n## Past Failure Is No Excuse for Present Inaction\n\n## Alexander Graham Bell's Secret to Greater Productivity\n\n## 10 Ways to Improve Your Memory\n\n## 5 Willpower Habits Every Man Should Develop\n\n * Style\n * Accessories\n * Shaving\n * Browse Style & Grooming\n\n## A Man's Guide to the Pea Coat\n\n## If/How to Wear a Suit Without a Tie\n\n## How to Wear a Cardigan Sweater With Style\n\n## A Man’s Guide to Dressing Sharp and Casual in His 50s\n\n## Affordable Alternatives to Classic Luxury Watches\n\n## How to Sew a Button: Your 60-Second Guide\n\n## How to Care for Leather\n\n## How to Use a Chronograph and Tachymeter on a Wristwatch\n\n## How to Treat a Shaving Cut\n\n## Podcast #139: The Secrets of Shaving\n\n## How to Trim Your Beard [VIDEO]\n\n## 7 Mistakes New Wet Shavers Make\n\n * Fitness\n * Nutrition\n * Sports\n * Wellness\n * Browse Health & Sports\n\n## Gym Etiquette 101\n\n## The 10 Best Ways to Make Exercise an Unbreakable Habit\n\n## Don't Just Lift Heavy, Carry Heavy\n\n## Cardio for the Man Who Hates Cardio: The Benefits of Rucking\n\n## How to Gain Weight\n\n## Podcast #285: The Real Science of Nutrition and Supplements\n\n## Be a \"Regular\" Guy: Tips for Improving Your Daily Constitutional\n\n## Podcast #233: Diet and Nutrition Advice from the Doctor of Gains\n\n## The 10 Physical Skills Every Man Should Master\n\n## Podcast #248: Why Football Matters\n\n## Podcast #237: Rise of the Sufferfests\n\n## Creatine: A Primer on Its Benefits and Use\n\n## Modern Men’s Sperm Levels Are Falling; Here’s How to Protect Yours\n\n## How to Stop Your Snoring\n\n## How to Get Stronger By Improving Your Post-Workout Recovery\n\n## Podcast #336: Master Your Testosterone\n\n * Cars\n * Just For Fun\n * Outdoors\n * Survival\n * Tactical Skills\n * Browse Manly Skills\n\n## Tips for Driving on Snowy Roads\n\n## How to Turn a Crankshaft Into a Manly Lamp\n\n## How to the Change the Spark Plugs on a Motorcycle\n\n## How to Drive a Motorcycle\n\n## 6 Card Games Every Man Should Know\n\n## How to Make Kid-Safe Slime at Home\n\n## Cool Uncle Tricks: How to Break Your Nose\n\n## How to Make a Marshmallow Shooter\n\n## How to Split Wood: The Complete Guide\n\n## How to Make Improvised Snowshoes\n\n## Podcast #358: The Stranger in the Woods — The Story of the Last True Hermit\n\n## How to Get Started With Fly Fishing\n\n## How to Make Improvised Snowshoes\n\n## How to Plan for an Escape From a Prisoner of War Camp\n\n## How to Escape From a Building Using Bedsheets\n\n## How to Keep Your Course in the Wilderness\n\n## How to Plan for an Escape From a Prisoner of War Camp\n\n## How to Shoot Clay Pigeons\n\n## How to Escape From a Building Using Bedsheets\n\n## What to Do If You're Being Followed\n\n * Personal Finance\n * College\n * Entrepreneurship\n * Networking\n * Professional Skills\n * So You Want My Job\n * Browse Money & Career\n\n## Podcast #363: Budgeting Doesn't Have to Suck\n\n## How to Cash/Deposit a Check\n\n## How to Write a Check\n\n## 4 Money Tips from 4 Personal Finance Legends\n\n## How to Write the Perfect College Application Essay\n\n## A Guide to Paying Back Your Student Loans\n\n## What Every Young Man Should Know About Student Loans\n\n## Networking Tips for College Success: How to Build Relationships and Land a\nGreat Job After College\n\n## Podcast #175: How to Improve Your Work and Life With Systems\n\n## Art of Manliness Podcast #80: Starting Huckberry With Andy Forch & Richard\nGreiner\n\n## 9 Lessons in Entrepreneurship From Shark Tank\n\n## Want to Start a Business? Consider These 5 Invaluable Lessons Before Diving\nIn\n\n## Making Introductions: The FAQs\n\n## How to Contact a Busy Person\n\n## Networking Tips for College Success: How to Build Relationships and Land a\nGreat Job After College\n\n## How to Talk About Your Unconventional Background in a Conventional World\n\n## How to Ace Your Next Phone or Skype Interview\n\n## An Introduction to Public Speaking\n\n## Podcast #234: Haggling and Deal Making Advice From a FBI Hostage Negotiator\n\n## Podcast #211: Difficult Conversations, Small Talk, and Charisma\n\n## So You Want My Job: Stay-at-Home Dad\n\n## So You Want My Trade: Concrete Mason\n\n## So You Want My Trade: Elevator Mechanic\n\n## So You Want My Trade: Automotive Mechanic/Technician\n\n * Dating\n * Fatherhood\n * Friendship\n * Marriage\n * Social Skills\n * Browse Relationships & Family\n\n## Podcast #349: Is This a Date or Not? The Problem With Ambiguity in\nRelationships\n\n## Should You Live Together Before Marriage?\n\n## Legendary Bodybuilder Joe Weider’s Advice on How to Make Women Like You\n\n## Why the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\nAccount\n\n## Adoption 101: Getting to Know the Options and Process\n\n## How to Get Your Kids to Love Nature (Even if You Live in the Burbs)\n\n## Podcast #326: Why Boys Are Struggling & What We Can Do To Help Them\n\n## Our 2 Best Tips for Dealing With Picky Eaters\n\n## Podcast #360: Understanding Male Friendships\n\n## Are You A Good Guest? A Quiz From 1944\n\n## How Not to Be Disappointed With Your Friends\n\n## How to Comfort Someone Who’s Sad/Crying\n\n## Podcast #349: Is This a Date or Not? The Problem With Ambiguity in\nRelationships\n\n## Should You Live Together Before Marriage?\n\n## The Best Ways to Fund Your Relationship Bank Account\n\n## Why the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\nAccount\n\n## How to Give a Toast\n\n## Podcast #362: The Art of Mingling\n\n## 12 Rules for Civil Conversation\n\n## Podcast #347: The Science of Social Awkwardness\n\n## Podcast #370: The Era of Bright Expectations\n\n## Podcast #369: When — The Scientific Secrets of Perfect Timing\n\n## Podcast #368: The Courage and Resilience of Ulysses S. Grant\n\n## Podcast #367: The Motivation Myth\n\nBrett & Kate McKay | September 4, 2008\n\nManly Skills, Outdoors\n\n# How To Build a Roaring Campfire\n\nThere is a primal link between man and fire. For ancient man, fire provided\nwarmth, protection from wild animals, light in the dark wilderness, and a\nplace to cook food. While fire is no longer vital to most men’s existence, it\nstill has a magnetic power that attracts us. The flames of fire can inspire\nlegendary stories, generate uplifting discussion, and build camaraderie among\nthe men circled around them. Also, there’s nothing more romantic than cuddling\nup to your gal next to a warm fire. And I’d take some manly campfire-cooked\ngrub over the food of a four-star restaurant any day. Thus every man should\nknow how to start one and be well-practiced in doing so.\n\n### Create Your Fire Bed\n\nWhen building a fire, always think about safety first. You don’t want to be\nthat guy who starts a raging wildfire in a national park. If your camping site\nhas a designated fire area, use it. If you’re camping in a more rugged area\nthat lacks fire sites, you’ll need to make your own. Select a site away from\ntrees, bushes, and other plant material. Your fire bed should be on bare\nearth, not grass (especially dead grass). If you can’t find a bare area, make\nyour own by digging and raking away plant material, taking particular care in\nclearing away all dry plant material. Dry grass, branches, and bark catch fire\neasily.\n\nAfter you’ve cleared the area, it’s time to make your bed. Gather in dirt and\nplace it in the center of your cleared area. Form the dirt into a “platform”\nthat’s about 3-4 inches thick.\n\n### Time to Gather Your Wood\n\nYou’ll need three basics types of materials to build your roaring campfire:\ntinder, kindling, and fuel wood.\n\nTinder. Every good campfire starts with good tinder. Tinder catches fire\neasily, but burns fast. Material like dry leaves, dry bark, wood shavings, dry\ngrass, and some fluffy fungi make for good tinder. If you’re a smart camper,\nyou’ll bring your own tinder in the form of dryer lint or homemade char cloth.\nBringing your own tinder is especially important when everything outside is\nwet. Believe it or not, wet tinder does not catch on fire.\n\nKindling. Tinder burns fast, so you’ll need something with more substance to\nkeep your flame going. You can’t move directly to big logs. You’ll just\nsmother your little flame. That’s where kindling comes in. Kindling usually\nconsists of small twigs and branches. Go for something that’s about the width\nof a pencil. Like tinder, kindling needs to be dry or else it won’t burn as\neasily. If all you have are wet twigs and branches, try whittling away the\ndamp bark with your pocket knife.\n\nFuel wood. Fuel wood is what keeps your fire hot and burning. Contrary to\npopular belief, fuel wood doesn’t have to look like the huge logs you use in a\nfireplace. If you go too big, it’s going to take a long time for the wood to\ncatch fire. Look for branches that are about as wide as your wrist or your\nforearm.\n\nGeneral tips. When gathering wood for a fire, collect wood that snaps and\nbreaks easily. Dry wood burns the best. If your wood bends, it’s too wet or\n“green.” If your try to make a fire with this sort of wood, you’ll just get a\nlot of smoke. Unlike tinder and kindling, fuel wood can be a little damp. The\nfire will dry it out, but it’s still not ideal.\n\nCollect twice as much tinder, kindling, and fuel wood as you think you’ll\nneed. You’ll be surprised how fast you’ll go through tinder and kindling when\nyou’re starting your fire.\n\n### Lay Your Fire\n\nThere are several ways to lay your fire. Here are three of the most common\ntypes of lays.\n\nTeepee Fire Lay\n\n 1. Place your tinder bundle in the middle of your campfire site.\n 2. Above your tinder bundle, form a teepee with some kindling. Leave an opening in your teepee on the side the wind is blowing against. This will ensure that your fire gets the air it needs and will blow the flames onto the kindling.\n 3. Continue adding kindling to the teepee, working your way up to pencil sized twigs.\n 4. Create a larger teepee structure around your kindling teepee with your fuel wood.\n 5. Place a match under your tinder. Because this lay directs the flame up, the flame should rise to the kindling and then on to the fuel wood.\n 6. The teepee structure will eventually fall, and at this point you can simply add some fuel logs to the fire.\n\nLean-to Fire Lay\n\n 1. Stick a long piece of kindling into the ground at about a 30-degree angle. The end of the stick should be pointing into the wind.\n 2. Place a tinder bundle underneath the support stick.\n 3. Place some small pieces of kindling around your tinder nest.\n 4. Lay small pieces of kindling against the piece stuck in the ground. Add another layer with larger pieces of kindling.\n 5. Light the tinder, and watch it burn.\n\nLog Cabin Fire Lay\n\n 1. Start off by creating a small teepee lay.\n 2. Have you played with Lincoln Logs? Basically, you’re going to play a larger version of Lincoln Logs and burn them when you’re done.\n 3. Get large pieces of fuel wood and place them on opposite sides of the tepee.\n 4. Find smaller pieces of fuel wood and lay them across the first set of fuel wood, parallel on the other sides of the tepee. Just like you would with Lincoln Logs.\n 5. Repeat laying smaller and shorter pieces to form a cabin or pyramid shape.\n 6. Light this baby up.\n\n### Putting Out Your Fire\n\nSo you’re done with your fire. Unless you want to break Smokey the Bear’s\nheart, you need to put it out thoroughly. The following guidelines will kill\nyour fire good and dead.\n\nStart early. Putting out a fire completely takes longer than you think. Plan\nwhen you’re going to bed or leaving and start putting out your fire about 20\nminutes before then.\n\nSprinkle, don’t pour. You should have a bucketful of water near your campfire\nfor safety reasons. When it’s time to go, this will serve as your fire\nextinguisher. Avoid the impulse to pour all the water on the fire. You don’t\nwant to flood the pit because you or someone else will need to use it later.\nInstead, sprinkle as much water as you need to put out the embers and\ncharcoal.\n\nStir. As you sprinkle water over the embers, stir them with a stick or shovel.\nThis ensures that all the ashes get wet. When you don’t see any steam and\ndon’t hear any hissing noises, you know you’re getting close to a completely\nextinguished fire.\n\nTouch test. Don’t actually run your hands through the ashes. You don’t want to\nbrand yourself with a searing ember. Put the back of your hand near the ashes.\nIf you still feel heat, it’s too hot to leave. Keep adding water and stirring.\nAs soon as it feels cool, you’re good to go.\n\nDispose the ashes. You don’t want to leave the next camper a fire bed full of\nold ashes. Also, if you had to create your own fire bed, you want to leave the\nland in the same condition as how you found it. Scoop up the ashes in a bag\nand spread them out around the campsite.\n\nPatch up your ground. If you made your own fire bed, replace the dirt and sod\nyou dug up.\n\nEvery man has their own fire secrets. Drop a line in the comment box and share\nyours.\n\nFor information on how to start a fire sans matches, check out 9 Ways to Start\na Fire Without Matches.\n\nLast updated: November 22, 2017\n\nPrevious Post\n\nNext Post\n\nShow Comments\n\n * Contact\n * Advertise\n * Comment Policy\n * Legal\n\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2018 All Rights Reserved\n\nBuilt with iThemes Builder on WordPress by Screen Four\n\n * A Man’s Life\n * Dress & Grooming\n * Manly Skills\n * Relationships & Family\n * Health & Sports\n * Shop\n * More\n\n * Travel & Leisure\n * Podcast\n * About\n * Archives\n * Videos\n * Community\n * Back\n * Strenuouslife\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.cabelas.com/category/Camp-How-to-Start-a-Campfire/666549180.uts", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170708015753/http://www.cabelas.com/category/Camp-How-to-Start-a-Campfire/666549180.uts", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Start a Campfire : Cabela's", "passages": [ "Who does not love sitting by a roaring campfire under a starry sky? Whether it is for a weekend family adventure or a solo camping trip, every camping enthusiast should know these fire-making basics before heading into the woods.", "Gather Your Tinder, Kindling and Fuel Wood A lot more goes into starting a fire than throwing some sticks together and lighting a match. If you want a good fire, start by collecting tinder, kindling and fuel wood.", "Tinder This is the light, dry material that helps get your fire started. Many campers use paper, tree bark, sticks, twigs, dry leaves, pine needles or grass. As long as it is dry, it will work. Collecting tinder in a damp environment will be challenging, so create a waterproof fire kit in the weeks leading up to your trip. Collect material such as junk mail, dryer lint, cotton balls and scrap paper and cloth that can be used as tinder. In a pinch, even your favorite potato chips can be tinder.", "Kindling Once the tinder is ignited, add some slightly larger pieces, or kindling. Twigs, feather (or fuzz) sticks and split wood all make good kindling. Do not add too much kindling too fast, however, or you might smother your fire.", "Fuel Wood After your fire is burning the kindling, add fuel wood. This is what keeps your fire going. Hardwoods like maple and oak burn long and hot, while pine burns faster and with more soot. Use branches, logs and sticks, but do not add any fuel wood larger than the forearm of an adult man. Many novice campers make the mistake of adding large logs to their fires, which can result in uncontrollable flames.", "3 Types of Fire Lays Before starting your fire, pick a safe location in your campsite. Clean the fire site down to the soil and remove all of the burnable material around the site. Always keep a bucket of water nearby to extinguish any out-of-control flames.", "Teepee The most common and easiest to ignite is the teepee fire. This style yields a fast flame and the heat is directed up to a single point, making it useful for boiling water above. However, the teepee style can burn very quickly and collapse. Campers typically build a log cabin fire on top of the teepee style with kindling if it collapses.", "2. Stick up to four kindling twigs in the ground to make a teepee around the tinder and lean small kindling pieces downwind of the tinder.", "3. Leave an opening to the center of the tinder so you can light the fire. The opening should be upwind.", "4. Continue leaning the kindling in a teepee formation and work your way up to larger sticks and twigs, while leaving adequate air space between the sticks.", "5. Use three or four sticks to create a larger structure. Poke them into the ground and start leaning in fuel wood pieces.", "Log Cabin Popular among beginner fire starters, this type of fire produces good coals. Despite its popularity, the log cabin style can be difficult to light, so be sure to leave an open space to access the tinder from the outside.", "2. Lay two pieces of fuel wood parallel to each other on opposite sides of your teepee. Repeat with two pieces of smaller fuel wood on the opposite sides of the fuel wood.", "Lean-to Constructed with a medium-sized log that keeps the kindling propped up, gentle wind helps the lean-to get started. Although this fire produces good heat, it may prove difficult to start in very windy environments.", "1. Stick a long piece of kindling or a log in the ground at a slight angle. Make sure it is pointing to the wind.", "Above All, Be Safe Not all campsites permit campfires. Check with the ranger on duty to find out if you can burn during your trip. Fire restrictions are put into place to protect the forests, so always follow the regulations.", "Never leave a fire burning. It is your responsibility to completely extinguish the fire. Allow your fire to burn to ash and pour lots of water over the burning embers. If you do not have access to water, use dirt, but don't just bury the fire, as coals could smolder under the dirt and reignite.", "After you have doused the fire with water or dirt, use a shovel to stir the ashes and embers and make sure all the burned materials are cold to the touch of your hand. Smokey Bear says: If it is too hot to touch, it is too hot to leave!", "Cabela's uses your CAB Support ID to provide faster resolution to issues experienced while on our website. Please provide this ID when contacting Cabela's for support via phone, email or chat." ] }, "parsed_md": "Camp - How to Start a Campfire : Cabela's\n\nCabela's CLUB\n\nCabela's Canada\n\nFind a Store Near You\n\nStore Flyers Gift Cards\n\n0\n\nCHECKOUT\n\nSign In or Create\n\nYour Account\n\nMy Account Order History Wish List Preferences\n\nCreate a New Account\n\nor\n\nHi [firstname]!\n\nYour Account\n\nMy Account Order History Wish List Email Address and/or Password Billing\nAddress Credit Cards Preferences Log Out\n\n### Shop\n\nHunting Shooting Fishing Boating Camping Auto & ATV Clothing Footwear Home &\nCabin Hobbies\n\n### Essentials\n\n * Tents & Shelters\n * Sleeping Bags\n * Backpacks & Bags\n * Camp Bedding\n\nMen's Hiking Boots, Women's Hiking Boots\n\n### Camp Equipment\n\n * Camp Cooking & Dining\n * Coolers\n * Camp Furniture\n * Portable Power\n * Heaters & Fire Pits\n * Camp Showers & Toilets\n\nFan Shop\n\n### Tools & Accessories\n\n * Knives & Tools\n * Lights\n * 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Headwear\n\n### See All\n\nMen's Casual Footwear, Fan Shop\n\n### Men's Hunting\n\n * Lightweight Camo\n * Turkey Vests & Chairs\n * Camo Rainwear\n * Tactical & Military Clothing\n * Specialty Clothing\n * Cold-Weather Camo\n * Base Layers\n * Shooting Clothing\n * Waterfowl Clothing\n\n### See All\n\nMen's Hunting Boots, Men's Waders\n\n### Women's\n\n * Casual Shirts\n * T-Shirts\n * Sweaters\n * Sweatshirts\n * Pants, Shorts & Skirts\n * Outerwear\n * Hunting\n\n### See All\n\nWomen's Footwear, Women's Waders & Boots, Fan Shop\n\n### Kids'\n\n * Boys' Clothing\n * Boys' Outerwear\n * Girls' Clothing\n * Girls' Outerwear\n * Infant & Toddler Clothing\n * Infant & Toddler Outerwear\n * Hunting Clothing\n\n### See All\n\nKids' Footwear, Youth Waders, School Backpacks, Fan Shop\n\n### Essentials\n\n * Boats & Boat Centers\n * Canoes, Kayaks & Small Boats\n * Marine Electronics\n * Outboards & Accessories\n * Electric Trolling Motors\n * Anchoring & Docking\n * Life Jackets & Vests\n\nSurvival & Navigation, Men's Boat & Water Shoes, Men's Rainwear, Women's Boat\n& Water Shoes, Women's Rainwear\n\n### Equipment\n\n * Boat Seats\n * Boat Covers\n * Batteries & Chargers\n * Livewells, Bilge Pumps & Hatches\n * Storage Canopies\n\n### Tools & Accessories\n\n * Boating Accessories\n * Trailer Accessories\n * Boat Lighting\n * Carpet & Floor Coverings\n * Rod Holders & Storage\n\nTowing & Hitches\n\n### Specialty\n\n * Trolling Gear\n * Waterfowl Boating & Blinds\n * Watersports\n\n### Essentials\n\n * Archery\n * Optics\n * Hunting Accessories\n * Safety & Survival\n * After the Shot\n\nShooting, Ammo, Men's Hunting Clothing, Women's Hunting Clothing, Kids'\nHunting Clothing, Food Processing\n\n### Scouting\n\n * Decoys\n * Game Calls\n * Treestands\n * Blinds\n * Waterfowl Boating & Blinds\n * Scents & Scent Eliminators\n\n### Tools & Accessories\n\n * Knives & Tools\n * Hunting Bags & Packs\n * Handheld GPS & Accessories\n * Two-Way Radios\n * Lights\n * 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Peterson\n\n### Best Presentation is a Confident One — Fish\n\nBy Brian Abella\n\n### Floater Stands for Field Hunting — Waterfowl\n\nBy Jon Lewis\n\n### Choosing a Backpacking Stove — Camping\n\nBy Staff Writer\n\n### Egg Rolls Two Ways — Cooking\n\nBy Hannah McCauley\n\n## Brands\n\nSearch\n\n# Camp - How to Start a Campfire\n\nDestinations Activities Camping Tips Recipes Gear\n\nCamp > Techniques > Campsite > How to Start a Campfire\n\n#### How To\n\nPrint\n\nEmail\n\n# How to Start a Campfire\n\n#####\n\nFrom tinder to flame, everything you need to know about building a campfire\nand safely putting it out.\n\nWho does not love sitting by a roaring campfire under a starry sky? Whether it\nis for a weekend family adventure or a solo camping trip, every camping\nenthusiast should know these fire-making basics before heading into the woods.\n\nGather Your Tinder, Kindling and Fuel Wood A lot more goes into starting a\nfire than throwing some sticks together and lighting a match. If you want a\ngood fire, start by collecting tinder, kindling and fuel wood.\n\nTinder This is the light, dry material that helps get your fire started. Many\ncampers use paper, tree bark, sticks, twigs, dry leaves, pine needles or\ngrass. As long as it is dry, it will work. Collecting tinder in a damp\nenvironment will be challenging, so create a waterproof fire kit in the weeks\nleading up to your trip. Collect material such as junk mail, dryer lint,\ncotton balls and scrap paper and cloth that can be used as tinder. In a pinch,\neven your favorite potato chips can be tinder.\n\nKindling Once the tinder is ignited, add some slightly larger pieces, or\nkindling. Twigs, feather (or fuzz) sticks and split wood all make good\nkindling. Do not add too much kindling too fast, however, or you might smother\nyour fire.\n\nFuel Wood After your fire is burning the kindling, add fuel wood. This is what\nkeeps your fire going. Hardwoods like maple and oak burn long and hot, while\npine burns faster and with more soot. Use branches, logs and sticks, but do\nnot add any fuel wood larger than the forearm of an adult man. Many novice\ncampers make the mistake of adding large logs to their fires, which can result\nin uncontrollable flames.\n\n3 Types of Fire Lays Before starting your fire, pick a safe location in your\ncampsite. Clean the fire site down to the soil and remove all of the burnable\nmaterial around the site. Always keep a bucket of water nearby to extinguish\nany out-of-control flames.\n\nThere are three classic fire lays campers can use: the teepee, log cabin and\nlean-to.\n\nTeepee The most common and easiest to ignite is the teepee fire. This style\nyields a fast flame and the heat is directed up to a single point, making it\nuseful for boiling water above. However, the teepee style can burn very\nquickly and collapse. Campers typically build a log cabin fire on top of the\nteepee style with kindling if it collapses.\n\n1\\. Put your tinder bundle in the center of your fire site on a piece of dry\nbark.\n\n2\\. Stick up to four kindling twigs in the ground to make a teepee around the\ntinder and lean small kindling pieces downwind of the tinder.\n\n3\\. Leave an opening to the center of the tinder so you can light the fire.\nThe opening should be upwind.\n\n4\\. Continue leaning the kindling in a teepee formation and work your way up\nto larger sticks and twigs, while leaving adequate air space between the\nsticks.\n\n5\\. Use three or four sticks to create a larger structure. Poke them into the\nground and start leaning in fuel wood pieces.\n\n6\\. Have fuel wood and extra kindling on hand to keep your fire burning.\n\nLog Cabin Popular among beginner fire starters, this type of fire produces\ngood coals. Despite its popularity, the log cabin style can be difficult to\nlight, so be sure to leave an open space to access the tinder from the\noutside.\n\n1\\. Begin by laying a small teepee fire.\n\n2\\. Lay two pieces of fuel wood parallel to each other on opposite sides of\nyour teepee. Repeat with two pieces of smaller fuel wood on the opposite sides\nof the fuel wood.\n\n3\\. Leave a space on the upwind side so you can access the tinder to light\nyour campfire.\n\n4\\. Continue to lay shorter, smaller pieces to form a log cabin shape.\n\n5\\. Until the outside walls catch, feed the internal fire with extra kindling.\n\nLean-to Constructed with a medium-sized log that keeps the kindling propped\nup, gentle wind helps the lean-to get started. Although this fire produces\ngood heat, it may prove difficult to start in very windy environments.\n\n1\\. Stick a long piece of kindling or a log in the ground at a slight angle.\nMake sure it is pointing to the wind.\n\n2\\. Place the tinder bundle under the long piece of kindling.\n\n3\\. Lean small pieces of kindling on the tinder and lean more against the\nsupport log.\n\n4\\. Continue laying larger kindling against the first layer.\n\n5\\. For a larger fire, create a second lean-to made with larger sticks over\nthe first lean-to.\n\nAbove All, Be Safe Not all campsites permit campfires. Check with the ranger\non duty to find out if you can burn during your trip. Fire restrictions are\nput into place to protect the forests, so always follow the regulations.\n\nNever leave a fire burning. It is your responsibility to completely extinguish\nthe fire. Allow your fire to burn to ash and pour lots of water over the\nburning embers. If you do not have access to water, use dirt, but don't just\nbury the fire, as coals could smolder under the dirt and reignite.\n\nAfter you have doused the fire with water or dirt, use a shovel to stir the\nashes and embers and make sure all the burned materials are cold to the touch\nof your hand. Smokey Bear says: If it is too hot to touch, it is too hot to\nleave!\n\n## Featured Content\n\n##### Classic American Rafting Trips with Outfitters\n\n##### Guide to Spring Mushroom Hunting\n\n##### RV Ready for Summer Travel and Camping Adventures?\n\n##### One Pot Dutch-Oven Breakfast\n\n##### Choosing a Backpacking Stove\n\n### Recently Viewed\n\nYou have no recently viewed items.\n\n## Find a Store\n\nCheck out your local store.\n\n## Sign Up for Email & Win!\n\nSubscribe to our email for a chance to win a Traeger Grill\n\n * Sign Up & Win a New Traeger!\n\n## Customer Service\n\nCall 1-800-237-4444\n\n * Email\n * Live Chat\n * FAQs\n\nGet our free catalog\n\nGet our mobile app\n\nFollow us on\n\nAbout Us\n\nOur History\n\nInvestor Relations\n\nCareers\n\nDiversity and Inclusion\n\nSponsored Events\n\nSupport and Advertising\n\nConsumer Product Safety\n\nBrand Partners\n\nAffiliate Programs\n\nPro Staff\n\nRetail Store Survey\n\nSponsorships/Donations\n\nCabela's Outdoor Fund\n\nYour Order\n\nTrack Your Order\n\nReturn Policy\n\nShipping Information\n\nLegendary Guarantee\n\nPartners\n\nShopping Resources\n\nGun Library\n\nOnline Guns\n\nGift Cards\n\nCustomer Reviews\n\nBoats & Boat Centers\n\nATV\n\nCorporate Outfitters\n\nMilitary Discount Program\n\nNew Product Submission\n\nCatalog Quick Order\n\nPricing/Specifications\n\nSite Map\n\nOther Departments\n\nArticles and Information\n\nGame & Fish Information\n\nTrophy Room\n\n2017 Cabela's Sales\n\nFather's Day Sale\n\nBlack Friday Sale\n\nThanksgiving Day Sale\n\nChristmas Sale\n\nCyber Monday Sale\n\n### Customer SERVICE\n\n#### HOW DO I...\n\n * Change or Cancel Order?\n * Redeem CLUB Visa or Rewards Points\n * Use Layaway?\n\nSee All FAQs\n\nCabela's uses your CAB Support ID to provide faster resolution to issues\nexperienced while on our website. Please provide this ID when contacting\nCabela's for support via phone, email or chat.\n\nCAB SUPPORT ID\n\nWhat is this?\n\n©1996-2017 Cabela's Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\nPlease read Cabela's Privacy Policy and Legal Notices.\n\nCabela's Inc., 1 Cabela Dr., Sidney NE 69160\n\n" } ]
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How To End an Essay
To end an essay, start your conclusion with a phrase that makes it clear your essay is coming to a close, like "In summary," or "All things considered." Then, use a few sentences to briefly summarize the main points of your essay by rephrasing the topic sentences of your body paragraphs. Finally, end your conclusion with a call to action that encourages your readers to do something or learn more about your topic. In general, try to keep your conclusion between 5 and 7 sentences long.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20170714031438/http://writingcenter.unc.edu:80/handouts/conclusions/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210927201437/http://writing2.richmond.edu/writing/wweb/conclude.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210927073850/https://leo.stcloudstate.edu/acadwrite/conclude.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210927073843/https://writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu/pages/ending-essay-conclusions" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://writingcenter.unc.edu:80/handouts/conclusions/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170714031438/http://writingcenter.unc.edu:80/handouts/conclusions/", "parsed_text": { "title": "", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Please enable JavaScript to view the page content.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://writing2.richmond.edu/writing/wweb/conclude.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210927201437/http://writing2.richmond.edu/writing/wweb/conclude.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Writer's Web: Writing Effective Conclusions", "passages": [ "A conclusion provides a thoughtful end to a piece of writing; unfortunately, many conclusions in college-level papers are little more than summaries of what has already been said.", "Here are a few tips to make conclusions more interesting. You may wish to check with your professor about specific recommendations in your field of study; many fields have specific formats for conclusions and other parts of essays, research reports, and experiments. The points below are most applicable to papers in the humanities:", "Apologizing for your view by saying such things as \"I may not be an expert\" or \"At least this is my opinion.\"", "Attempting to make up for an incomplete structure. (If you say you will discuss four books and only attempt a complete discussion of two books, do not try to cover the remaining texts in a concluding paragraph. In such a situation, it's best to limit your paper to topics you can realistically cover.)" ] }, "parsed_md": "Writer's Web: Writing Effective Conclusions\n\nWriting Effective Conclusions (printable version here)\n\nA conclusion provides a thoughtful end to a piece of writing; unfortunately,\nmany conclusions in college-level papers are little more than summaries of\nwhat has already been said.\n\nHere are a few tips to make conclusions more interesting. You may wish to\ncheck with your professor about specific recommendations in your field of\nstudy; many fields have specific formats for conclusions and other parts of\nessays, research reports, and experiments. The points below are most\napplicable to papers in the humanities:\n\nAvoid:\n\n * Ending with a rephrased thesis statement that contains no substantive changes.\n * Introducing a new idea or subtopic (although you may end with a provocative question; see below).\n * Focusing on a minor point in the essay.\n * Concluding with a sentence tacked on to your final point.\n * Apologizing for your view by saying such things as \"I may not be an expert\" or \"At least this is my opinion.\"\n * Attempting to make up for an incomplete structure. (If you say you will discuss four books and only attempt a complete discussion of two books, do not try to cover the remaining texts in a concluding paragraph. In such a situation, it's best to limit your paper to topics you can realistically cover.)\n\nConclude an essay with one or more of the following:\n\n * Include a brief summary of the paper's main points.\n * Ask a provocative question.\n * Use a quotation.\n * Evoke a vivid image.\n * Call for some sort of action.\n * End with a warning.\n * Universalize (compare to other situations).\n * Suggest results or consequences.\n\nTry to refer to the introductory paragraph, either with key words or parallel\nconcepts and images.\n\nBack to 'First Drafts' Writer's Web | Writing Center | Make an Appointment |\nLibrary Copyright Info \n \n---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://leo.stcloudstate.edu/acadwrite/conclude.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210927073850/https://leo.stcloudstate.edu/acadwrite/conclude.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Strategies for Writing a Conclusion", "passages": [ "Conclusions are often the most difficult part of an essay to write, and many writers feel that they have nothing left to say after having written the paper. A writer needs to keep in mind that the conclusion is often what a reader remembers best. Your conclusion should be the best part of your paper.", "Don't simply repeat things that were in your paper. They have read it. Show them how the points you made and the support and examples you used were not random, but fit together.", "Give your reader something to think about, perhaps a way to use your paper in the \"real\" world. If your introduction went from general to specific, make your conclusion go from specific to general. Think globally.", "You don't have to give new information to create a new meaning. By demonstrating how your ideas work together, you can create a new picture. Often the sum of the paper is worth more than its parts.", "Echoing the introduction: Echoing your introduction can be a good strategy if it is meant to bring the reader full-circle. If you begin by describing a scenario, you can end with the same scenario as proof that your essay was helpful in creating a new understanding.", "Though serving on a jury is not only a civic responsibility but also an interesting experience, many people still view jury duty as a chore that interrupts their jobs and the routine of their daily lives. However, juries are part of America's attempt to be a free and just society. Thus, jury duty challenges us to be interested and responsible citizens.", "Without well-qualified teachers, schools are little more than buildings and equipment. If higher-paying careers continue to attract the best and the brightest students, there will not only be a shortage of teachers, but the teachers available may not have the best qualifications. Our youth will suffer. And when youth suffers, the future suffers.", "Campaign advertisements should help us understand the candidate's qualifications and positions on the issues. Instead, most tell us what a boob or knave the opposing candidate is, or they present general images of the candidate as a family person or God-fearing American. Do such advertisements contribute to creating an informed electorate or a people who choose political leaders the same way they choose soft drinks and soap?", "This handout was written by Randa Holewa; Joe Mathison completed the html markup for the Write Place, St. Cloud State University: it was updated by Judith Kilborn. This document may be copied for educational purposes only. If you copy this document, please include our copyright notice and the name of the writer; if you revise it, please add your name to the list of writers." ] }, "parsed_md": "Strategies for Writing a Conclusion\n\nLEO: Literacy Education Online\n\nStrategies for Writing a Conclusion \n \n--- \n \n### Strategies for Writing a Conclusion\n\nConclusions are often the most difficult part of an essay to write, and many\nwriters feel that they have nothing left to say after having written the\npaper. A writer needs to keep in mind that the conclusion is often what a\nreader remembers best. Your conclusion should be the best part of your paper.\n\n#### A conclusion should\n\n * stress the importance of the thesis statement,\n * give the essay a sense of completeness, and\n * leave a final impression on the reader.\n\nSuggestions\n\n * Answer the question \"So What?\"\n\n> Show your readers why this paper was important. Show them that your paper\n> was meaningful and useful.\n\n * Synthesize, don't summarize\n\n * Don't simply repeat things that were in your paper. They have read it. Show them how the points you made and the support and examples you used were not random, but fit together.\n\n * Redirect your readers\n\n * Give your reader something to think about, perhaps a way to use your paper in the \"real\" world. If your introduction went from general to specific, make your conclusion go from specific to general. Think globally.\n\n * Create a new meaning\n * You don't have to give new information to create a new meaning. By demonstrating how your ideas work together, you can create a new picture. Often the sum of the paper is worth more than its parts.\n\nStrategies\n\n * Echoing the introduction: Echoing your introduction can be a good strategy if it is meant to bring the reader full-circle. If you begin by describing a scenario, you can end with the same scenario as proof that your essay was helpful in creating a new understanding.\n\n> Example\n\n> > Introduction\n>>\n\n>> From the parking lot, I could see the towers of the castle of the Magic\nKingdom standing stately against the blue sky. To the right, the tall peak of\nThe Matterhorn rose even higher. From the left, I could hear the jungle sounds\nof Adventureland. As I entered the gate, Main Street stretched before me with\nits quaint shops evoking an old-fashioned small town so charming it could\nnever have existed. I was entranced. Disneyland may have been built for\nchildren, but it brings out the child in adults.\n\n>>\n\n>> Conclusion\n\n>>\n\n>> I thought I would spend a few hours at Disneyland, but here I was at 1:00\nA.M., closing time, leaving the front gates with the now dark towers of the\nMagic Kingdom behind me. I could see tired children, toddling along and\nstruggling to keep their eyes open as best they could. Others slept in their\nparents' arms as we waited for the parking lot tram that would take us to our\ncars. My forty-year-old feet ached, and I felt a bit sad to think that in a\ncouple of days I would be leaving California, my vacation over, to go back to\nmy desk. But then I smiled to think that for at least a day I felt ten years\nold again.\n\n * Challenging the reader: By issuing a challenge to your readers, you are helping them to redirect the information in the paper, and they may apply it to their own lives.\n\n> Example\n>\n> Though serving on a jury is not only a civic responsibility but also an\n> interesting experience, many people still view jury duty as a chore that\n> interrupts their jobs and the routine of their daily lives. However, juries\n> are part of America's attempt to be a free and just society. Thus, jury duty\n> challenges us to be interested and responsible citizens.\n\n * Looking to the future: Looking to the future can emphasize the importance of your paper or redirect the readers' thought process. It may help them apply the new information to their lives or see things more globally.\n\n> Example\n>\n> Without well-qualified teachers, schools are little more than buildings and\n> equipment. If higher-paying careers continue to attract the best and the\n> brightest students, there will not only be a shortage of teachers, but the\n> teachers available may not have the best qualifications. Our youth will\n> suffer. And when youth suffers, the future suffers.\n\n * Posing questions: Posing questions, either to your readers or in general, may help your readers gain a new perspective on the topic, which they may not have held before reading your conclusion. It may also bring your main ideas together to create a new meaning.\n\n> Example\n>\n> Campaign advertisements should help us understand the candidate's\n> qualifications and positions on the issues. Instead, most tell us what a\n> boob or knave the opposing candidate is, or they present general images of\n> the candidate as a family person or God-fearing American. Do such\n> advertisements contribute to creating an informed electorate or a people who\n> choose political leaders the same way they choose soft drinks and soap?\n\nReturn to the Write Place Catalogue\n\nFor questions and suggestions, please e-mail us at leolink@stcloudstate.edu.\n\n© 1995-2004 The Write Place\n\nThis handout was written by Randa Holewa; Joe Mathison completed the html\nmarkup for the Write Place, St. Cloud State University: it was updated by\nJudith Kilborn. This document may be copied for educational purposes only. If\nyou copy this document, please include our copyright notice and the name of\nthe writer; if you revise it, please add your name to the list of writers.\n\nTechniques and examples are adapted from Basic Writing: A First Course, by\nPeter Carino, Harper Collins, 1991.\n\nLast update: 19 February 2004\n\nURL: http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/acadwrite/conclude.html\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu/pages/ending-essay-conclusions", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210927073843/https://writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu/pages/ending-essay-conclusions", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ending the Essay: Conclusions", "passages": [ "So much is at stake in writing a conclusion. This is, after all, your last chance to persuade your readers to your point of view, to impress yourself upon them as a writer and thinker. And the impression you create in your conclusion will shape the impression that stays with your readers after they've finished the essay.", "The end of an essay should therefore convey a sense of completeness and closure as well as a sense of the lingering possibilities of the topic, its larger meaning, its implications: the final paragraph should close the discussion without closing it off.", "Conclude by linking the last paragraph to the first, perhaps by reiterating a word or phrase you used at the beginning.", "Conclude with a sentence that's compound or parallel in structure; such sentences can establish a sense of balance or order that may feel just right at the end of a complex discussion.", "Conclude with a quotation from or reference to a primary or secondary source, one that amplifies your main point or puts it in a different perspective. A quotation from, say, the novel or poem you're writing about can add texture and specificity to your discussion; a critic or scholar can help confirm or complicate your final point. For example, you might conclude an essay on the idea of home in James Joyce's short story collection, Dubliners, with information about Joyce's own complex feelings towards Dublin, his home. Or you might end with a biographer's statement about Joyce's attitude toward Dublin, which could illuminate his characters' responses to the city. Just be cautious, especially about using secondary material: make sure that you get the last word.", "Conclude by setting your discussion into a different, perhaps larger, context. For example, you might end an essay on nineteenth-century muckraking journalism by linking it to a current news magazine program like 60 Minutes.", "Conclude by redefining one of the key terms of your argument. For example, an essay on Marx's treatment of the conflict between wage labor and capital might begin with Marx's claim that the \"capitalist economy is . . . a gigantic enterprise ofdehumanization\"; the essay might end by suggesting that Marxist analysis is itself dehumanizing because it construes everything in economic -- rather than moral or ethical-- terms.", "Conclude by considering the implications of your argument (or analysis or discussion). What does your argument imply, or involve, or suggest? For example, an essay on the novel Ambiguous Adventure, by the Senegalese writer Cheikh Hamidou Kane, might open with the idea that the protagonist's development suggests Kane's belief in the need to integrate Western materialism and Sufi spirituality in modern Senegal. The conclusion might make the new but related point that the novel on the whole suggests that such an integration is (or isn't) possible.", "Don't simply summarize your essay. A brief summary of your argument may be useful, especially if your essay is long--more than ten pages or so. But shorter essays tend not to require a restatement of your main ideas.", "Avoid phrases like \"in conclusion,\" \"to conclude,\" \"in summary,\" and \"to sum up.\" These phrases can be useful--even welcome--in oral presentations. But readers can see, by the tell-tale compression of the pages, when an essay is about to end. You'll irritate your audience if you belabor the obvious.", "Resist the urge to apologize. If you've immersed yourself in your subject, you now know a good deal more about it than you can possibly include in a five- or ten- or 20-page essay. As a result, by the time you've finished writing, you may be having some doubts about what you've produced. (And if you haven't immersed yourself in your subject, you may be feeling even more doubtful about your essay as you approach the conclusion.) Repress those doubts. Don't undercut your authority by saying things like, \"this is just one approach to the subject; there may be other, better approaches. . .\"" ] }, "parsed_md": "Ending the Essay: Conclusions |\n\nSkip to main content\n\n * Main Menu\n * Utility Menu\n * Search\n\nHarvard College Writing Program | HARVARD.EDU\n\n * Questions about Expos?\n * Writing Support for Instructors\n\nHOME / WRITING RESOURCES / STRATEGIES FOR ESSAY WRITING /\n\n# Ending the Essay: Conclusions\n\nSo much is at stake in writing a conclusion. This is, after all, your last\nchance to persuade your readers to your point of view, to impress yourself\nupon them as a writer and thinker. And the impression you create in your\nconclusion will shape the impression that stays with your readers after\nthey've finished the essay.\n\nThe end of an essay should therefore convey a sense of completeness and\nclosure as well as a sense of the lingering possibilities of the topic, its\nlarger meaning, its implications: the final paragraph should close the\ndiscussion without closing it off.\n\nTo establish a sense of closure, you might do one or more of the following:\n\n * Conclude by linking the last paragraph to the first, perhaps by reiterating a word or phrase you used at the beginning.\n * Conclude with a sentence composed mainly of one-syllable words. Simple language can help create an effect of understated drama.\n * Conclude with a sentence that's compound or parallel in structure; such sentences can establish a sense of balance or order that may feel just right at the end of a complex discussion.\n\nTo close the discussion without closing it off, you might do one or more of\nthe following:\n\n * Conclude with a quotation from or reference to a primary or secondary source, one that amplifies your main point or puts it in a different perspective. A quotation from, say, the novel or poem you're writing about can add texture and specificity to your discussion; a critic or scholar can help confirm or complicate your final point. For example, you might conclude an essay on the idea of home in James Joyce's short story collection, Dubliners, with information about Joyce's own complex feelings towards Dublin, his home. Or you might end with a biographer's statement about Joyce's attitude toward Dublin, which could illuminate his characters' responses to the city. Just be cautious, especially about using secondary material: make sure that you get the last word.\n * Conclude by setting your discussion into a different, perhaps larger, context. For example, you might end an essay on nineteenth-century muckraking journalism by linking it to a current news magazine program like 60 Minutes.\n * Conclude by redefining one of the key terms of your argument. For example, an essay on Marx's treatment of the conflict between wage labor and capital might begin with Marx's claim that the \"capitalist economy is . . . a gigantic enterprise ofdehumanization\"; the essay might end by suggesting that Marxist analysis is itself dehumanizing because it construes everything in economic -- rather than moral or ethical-- terms.\n * Conclude by considering the implications of your argument (or analysis or discussion). What does your argument imply, or involve, or suggest? For example, an essay on the novel Ambiguous Adventure, by the Senegalese writer Cheikh Hamidou Kane, might open with the idea that the protagonist's development suggests Kane's belief in the need to integrate Western materialism and Sufi spirituality in modern Senegal. The conclusion might make the new but related point that the novel on the whole suggests that such an integration is (or isn't) possible.\n\nFinally, some advice on how not to end an essay:\n\n * Don't simply summarize your essay. A brief summary of your argument may be useful, especially if your essay is long--more than ten pages or so. But shorter essays tend not to require a restatement of your main ideas.\n * Avoid phrases like \"in conclusion,\" \"to conclude,\" \"in summary,\" and \"to sum up.\" These phrases can be useful--even welcome--in oral presentations. But readers can see, by the tell-tale compression of the pages, when an essay is about to end. You'll irritate your audience if you belabor the obvious.\n * Resist the urge to apologize. If you've immersed yourself in your subject, you now know a good deal more about it than you can possibly include in a five- or ten- or 20-page essay. As a result, by the time you've finished writing, you may be having some doubts about what you've produced. (And if you haven't immersed yourself in your subject, you may be feeling even more doubtful about your essay as you approach the conclusion.) Repress those doubts. Don't undercut your authority by saying things like, \"this is just one approach to the subject; there may be other, better approaches. . .\"\n\nCopyright 1998, Pat Bellanca, for the Writing Center at Harvard University\n\n * Writing Resources\n\n * Strategies for Essay Writing\n\n * How to Read an Assignment\n * Moving from Assignment to Topic\n * How to Do a Close Reading\n * Overview of the Academic Essay\n * Essay Structure\n * Developing A Thesis\n * Beginning the Academic Essay\n * Outlining\n * Counterargument\n * Summary\n * Topic Sentences and Signposting\n * Transitioning: Beware of Velcro\n * How to Write a Comparative Analysis\n * Ending the Essay: Conclusions\n * Revising the Draft\n * Brief Guides to Writing in the Disciplines\n\n## Quick Links\n\n#### Schedule an Appointment\n\n#### Drop-in Hours\n\n#### English Grammar and Language Tutor\n\n#### Departmental Writing Fellows\n\n#### Harvard Guide to Using Sources\n\n###\n\nFollow @HCWritingCenter\n\nThe Writing Center | Barker Center, Ground Floor\n\nAdmin Login\n\nOpenScholar\n\nCopyright © 2021 The President and Fellows of Harvard College | Accessibility\n| Digital Accessibility | Report Copyright Infringement\n\n" } ]
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How To Tame a Stray Cat
Before you try to tame a stray cat, take it to the vet so it can be treated for diseases, fleas, and other ailments. Then, bring the stray cat home and keep it in a small, contained area for 2 days while it gets used to its new home. Although it might be hard, try not to touch the cat during this time since it could get agitated and hurt you. After a couple days, try giving the cat treats and feeding it some food so it feels safe in your presence. Once you've been doing this for several days, try picking up the cat to see if it's comfortable with you yet.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20151021085123/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/stray-and-feral-cats", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511141829/https://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=363", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506235835/http://urbancatleague.org/FeralFAQ", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210216173309/https://www.feralcat.com/taming.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150923180004/http://www.aspca.org/adopt/feral-cats-faq", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181027193042/http://www.humanesociety.org:80/issues/feral_cats/qa/feral_cat_FAQs.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161206031505/http://www.vcahospitals.com:80/main/pet-health-information/article/animal-health/retained-deciduous-teeth-baby-teeth-in-cats/2247", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210502210543/https://www.aspca.org/animal-homelessness/shelter-intake-and-surrender/closer-look-community-cats", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210309164937/http://urbancatleague.org/TamingFerals", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160801203426/http://www.alleycat.org:80/page.aspx?pid=292" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/stray-and-feral-cats", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151021085123/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/stray-and-feral-cats", "parsed_text": { "title": "Stray and Feral Cats", "passages": [ "Free-roaming cats can be found in big cities, small towns, rural areas and suburban neighborhoods around the globe. Some are permitted outdoors at times but also spend time indoors with their families. Others are fed by their caretakers but live outdoors only. Still others are former pets who were lost or abandoned. Finally, there are cats who have become “feral.” Spending all or most of their lives outdoors on their own, these cats live in a wild or semi- wild state. Many populations of feral cats have had close contact with people for generations but still behave like wild animals.", "Despite their independent behavior, it’s important to realize that feral cats still depend on us for their health and safety. It’s our responsibility to manage their populations. It’s also important to realize that feral cats have special needs. If you’ve found a population of feral cats in your area, or if you’ve adopted a cat and you think she might be feral, read on to learn what to do.", "Friendly cats who appear well fed and groomed are probably pets whose caretakers allow them outdoors. Some may even wear collars and identification tags. If they look healthy and they’re not bothering you, the best thing to do for these cats is nothing. Don’t befriend them or feed them unless you want them coming around more often! If pet cats already frequent your yard and are becoming a nuisance, please see our article on Keeping Cats out of Your Yard to learn about humanely deterring them.", "Stray cats are cats who were once pets but have been abandoned or lost. Some are still very friendly and will approach you to seek attention. Others may appear feral at first, but once you befriend them, you’ll find that they enjoy human touch and companionship. If you find a stray cat, the best thing to do is catch her and attempt to find her original family. If no one claims the cat and you’d rather not keep her yourself, you can re-home her or give her to a rescue group or shelter so she can be adopted. If it’s possible to do so, opt for re-homing her yourself. Most shelters already have their hands full with unwanted animals who need new homes. Many friendly cats are euthanized each week simply because shelters don’t have the room or resources to care for them. For help with re-homing, please see our article on Re-homing Your Cat.", "When people abandon their domesticated cats, these cats may learn to live on their own and become feral. If these cats aren’t spayed or neutered, they produce feral kittens, who usually live their entire lives without human contact.", "Feral cats often live in a group of related cats, called a colony, but if food is scarce they may roam alone. A colony typically occupies and defends a specific territory where food and shelter are available. Feral cat colonies often live near dumpsters or restaurants, beneath porches, in barns or in abandoned buildings. Even though many of these cats don’t enjoy long lives, they breed and overpopulate rapidly. Human intervention and care is crucial to ensure their welfare and prevent more feral cats from being born into this harsh, difficult existence. Taking responsibility for feral cat welfare also ensures our own cats’ health. Unvaccinated feral cats can pass on diseases and parasites when they come into contact with pet cats outdoors.", "Lost or abandoned strays are often hungry, ill or in distress. They may be hard to distinguish from feral cats because lost or scared pets can be so frightened or disoriented that they seem wild. They may hide during the day and, when approached, run away or show signs of aggression, such as hissing, spitting or growling. At the same time, some feral cats can seem deceptively friendly—they may approach or even be petted by someone who regularly feeds them outdoors, but if brought indoors they would avoid human contact and try to escape.", "How do you tell the difference between a frightened lost pet and a feral cat? There is no magic formula, but there are some clues that will help. Ironically, a dirty and disheveled cat is most likely a stray pet and not a feral cat. Recently abandoned cats often have trouble finding food and shelter, or are driven away from food sources by the local feral cats, and stop grooming because they feel stressed.", "Behavior is another indicator. In general, a cat who approaches complete strangers is most likely a stray pet, even if he runs away when you try to pet him. ASPCA researchers have found other behaviors that differentiate stray and feral cats. The research was done in a shelter environment, so if you are doing a TNR project and have the cats contained in traps for a few days, these behaviors would be helpful: rubbing, playing, chirping and a cat with his tail up are things that only stray pets are likely to do when caged. Remember, feral cats may do these things outdoors, around trusted caretakers, so you should only use these indicators for cats in traps, carriers or kennels. A little surprisingly, the researchers saw that some feral cats in cages will meow and blink with eye contact, so those are not reliable clues.", "If the cat you want to help seems feral or you are not sure, see our guide below: Helping Feral Cats.", "If you decide to help a stray cat, feeding her is the most effective way to strike up a friendship. Leave some strong-smelling food, like canned cat food, in an area where you’ve seen the stray cat. Be sure to deliver the food at the same time each day, in the same spot, so the cat learns when and where to expect a meal. After a few days of food delivery, stick around to see if the stray cat will approach while you’re in sight. Be sure to keep your distance at first so the cat doesn’t have to come too close to you to eat. It may also help to sit on the ground so you look less intimidating. If the cat doesn’t approach, go back to delivering food and leaving the area. After a few more days, try sticking around again. If the cat does approach, continue to keep your distance. Resist the urge to approach and try to pet her. Over the next couple of weeks, sit down closer and closer to the food dish.", "When the cat starts to appear reliably in anticipation of the food and seems less worried about your presence, start bringing a large crate or trap with you to the feeding spot. (If you bring a trap, be sure to find a way to keep it open during this stage. If a cat goes partway into the trap and trips the mechanism that closes the door, she may escape—and, because she’s had a scare, she’ll be reluctant to approach a crate or trap again.) Place the food dish a foot or two away from the crate or trap. Over the next week or so, move the dish closer and closer to the crate or trap door. Eventually, put the food just inside the crate or trap, but keep the door open. Gradually move the food farther and farther inside so the cat must enter to eat. Once she’ll go all the way inside, you can move on to the last step. If you’re using a crate, gently close and latch the door when the cat goes all the way in. If you’re using a trap, simply remove whatever you’re using to keep the trap door open on the day you plan to capture the cat.", "If this strategy doesn’t work, ask a local cat rescue group or animal shelter for advice. These groups have experience trapping stray cats and may be able to assist you.", "Take the cat to a veterinarian or local rescue group to check for a microchip (identification implanted underneath the skin). The vet or group will use a special scanner to look for the chip.", "Place a “found” advertisement online or in your local newspaper. Many papers offer this service at no charge. You can also put up ads in local shops, pet stores, veterinary offices and restaurants and on telephone poles in the neighborhood where you found the cat.", "Check with your local animal shelter and with animal control to see if anyone has reported a lost cat fitting your stray cat’s description.", "If you plan to keep the cat or find a new home for her, take her to a veterinarian for a thorough check-up. She’ll need to be tested for diseases and parasites, such as feline leukemia, feline immunodeficiency virus, heartworms and fleas. If you have other cats, do not allow them to socialize with the newcomer until her health check is complete.", "If you do not intend to keep the cat, take her to a local animal shelter or rescue group, where she’ll have a chance to get adopted.", "The best thing you can do for the feral cats in your neighborhood is vaccinate them, prevent them from reproducing and then leave them where they are. TNR (Trap-Neuter-Return) is a humane and effective program for stabilizing and maintaining healthy feral cat colonies, eliminating their mating behavior, and reducing costs to local governments and residents—all while providing an improved quality of life for the cats themselves.", "TNR is a full management plan in which stray and feral cats already living outdoors are humanely trapped, evaluated, vaccinated and sterilized. Kittens and tame cats are adopted into good homes. Healthy adult cats who are unsocialized to humans are returned to their familiar habitat, usually under the lifelong care of volunteers. Cats suffering from illness or injury are humanely euthanized.", "TNR is more effective and less expensive than trying to exterminate feral cat colonies. Feral cats settle in certain areas because those areas have one or more attractive features, like proximity to trash dumps or spots where cats can find shelter. So if you trap and euthanize one colony, another will simply move in to take its place. Repeated trapping and euthanasia are far more costly than promoting stable, non-breeding colonies in the same location. Animal control facilities report that it costs between $100 and $125 to pick up, house and then euthanize a feral cat. Sterilizing the same animal costs only $35 to $55 at a typical low-cost clinic. It’s also much less traumatic for a feral cat to be anesthetized, vaccinated and spayed or neutered than it is to be housed in a shelter for the stray-hold period required by law.", "Talk with your local Animal Control, SPCA or Humane Society for information on starting a TNR program in your area. In addition to providing information, these organizations may be able to rent or loan you traps to catch feral cats. You can search the Internet for other resources and groups that help feral cats. (Search “TNR feral cats” or “help feral cats.”=.) Here are a few of our favorite sites:", "Stray cats who have experienced human contact at one point in their lives often still crave it and do well when adopted into loving homes. Unfortunately, unless you’ve captured a wild-born feral cat as a young kitten, she will very likely never become a friendly cat. If you bring one of these cats into your home, you may find that she’s terrified of you for the rest of her life. She may never be able to recognize that you’re a nice person with good intentions. Instead, she may always see you as a threat, no matter what you do.", "Feral cats are essentially wild animals. Many cats who don’t learn to enjoy human company and touch by about 12 weeks of age have a lot of trouble interacting with people as adults. Over a period of months or years, some feral cats get used to one or two familiar people and no longer run away from them. However, most wild-born adult cats never become social butterflies. They almost always remain wary of strangers, and some can’t even learn to relax around their pet parents. If you find a feral cat, bring her home and realize that she fits this description, she’ll likely be happier if you take her back to her wild family—after she’s spayed, vaccinated and ear-tipped, of course.", "It’s possible to tame most feral kittens, especially if they’re captured at a young age (between 4 and 8 weeks). If you’ve just brought home a feral kitten, set up a confinement space for her. Doing so will keep her safe and prevent her from hiding during feeding times. The area should be small and free of things that might hurt your kitten (toxic chemicals, exposed wires she might chew, etc.). Bathrooms or laundry rooms, catteries and large dog crates make convenient, cozy confinement areas.", "The video shows how to gradually socialize a feral kitten by associating the presence of people with food and petting.", "If you’re already committed to trying to socialize an adult feral cat, be prepared for a very long, slow transition. You are taming a wild animal! Read on to learn how to survive the first few days or weeks with your newly adopted feral cat.", "When you bring your cat home, keep her in a quiet room with a comfy bed, water and a litter box. You may need to put garden soil in the box at first. Most outdoor cats are used to eliminating on dirt, not cat litter. Start with soil only, and gradually add more and more litter as your cat gets used to the new texture.", "Visit your cat in her room. Bring her delicious food and extra treats, like tuna flakes or tiny cubes of chicken, at least twice a day. (The more often you can visit, the better!) Your cat might not eat with you in the room at first, but that’s okay. When she does, you can try gradually moving closer and closer to her while she’s eating.", "Do not stare directly at your cat or reach for her. In cat language, those are threatening gestures. Instead, play hard-to-get. Ignore your cat. Try reading a book or working on a laptop so she gets used to your quiet, non-threatening presence. Scatter tasty treats on the floor around you, and replenish them as your cat eats. As she becomes more comfortable, try offering treats in your outstretched hand. When your cat will take food from your hand, you can start working toward touching her. As she eats, gradually bring your other hand closer and closer until you can gently stroke her. Be patient. If your cat is truly feral, this will likely take weeks or months.", "How can you tell when your cat is ready for physical contact? Here’s a good rule to follow: never touch a fearful animal until she’s willing to touch you first. Keep in mind that if you’re working with a wild-caught cat, she may never initiate contact or it may take years for her to do so. Adjusting your expectations will prevent you from putting too much pressure on the new cat—and on yourself.", "Eventually, when your cat has grown accustomed to you and her quiet room, you can slowly increase her freedom in the house, one room at a time. Be aware, though, that if she’s startled or frightened, she might jam herself into a tight hiding place and get stuck there. It’s best to keep your cat in a safe, quiet place until she seems less flighty.", "Many feral cats eventually become comfortable enough around humans to play with toys. Using a laser pointer or wand-type toy like the Cat Dancer® is a good way to interact with your cat without getting too close to her. As your cat settles in to her new home, occasionally bring out a toy for her to investigate. She’ll tell you when she’s ready to play by tracking the toy’s movement or lifting a paw to playfully bat at it.", "If you have only one feral cat as a pet and are discouraged that you aren’t able to touch her after months or years, consider adopting a second, very friendly cat as a companion (if she likes other cats). This will give you a pet that you can actually touch and provide companionship and a good example to the shy one. As an extra bonus, if you get your second cat from a shelter or the street, you’re saving two lives instead of one!", "Here’s an eye-opening statistic: for every person born in the U.S., 15 dogs and 45 cats are also born. It’s no wonder that millions of unwanted pets must be euthanized nationwide in animal shelters each year. There aren’t enough homes for them. Overpopulation in cats is significantly worse than it is in dogs. The number of stray and feral cats in our country can only be reduced through responsible cat guardianship. Spay or neuter your own cat so she doesn’t contribute to the homeless pet problem.", "When cats aren’t snoozing at night, they can be very active. Your cat might wake you up at night because he wants to play, or because he might be hungry. Learn more about what you can do if your cat is keeping you awake at night.", "Cats meow for various reasons as their primary means of communication. While kittens meow to alert their mothers to their needs, adult cats primarily meow at humans, rather than other cats. Learn more about why cats meow, and what to do if your cat’s meowing becomes excessive.", "Animals, especially cats, tend to generalize fear. This means if a loud and scary noise occurs as a glass shatters on the kitchen floor, your cat might always be afraid of linoleum floors. Learn more about causes and signs of feline fear, and how to manage your cat’s fear.", "Cats can develop a fear of people they don’t know for many reasons. Companion felines have unique personalities, and some are just more outgoing than others. However, if a cat is calm and friendly with his family but afraid of visitors, it’s often because he didn’t have enough experience meeting new people when he was very young.", "There are many reasons why a cat might suckle or lick people excessively. Learn more about why your cat might be engaging in this type of behavior, and how to treat the behavior if it becomes excessive.", "Compulsive behavior in cats, such as excessive licking or hair pulling, can have many causes and implications. Learn more about how to identify compulsive behaviors in your cat, and to help treat them.", "© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization." ] }, "parsed_md": "Stray and Feral Cats | ASPCA\n\n## Main menu\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n * Adopt\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n * NYC\n * Blog\n * Get Involved\n * For Parents\n * About Us\n * Donate\n\nFollow Us On:\n\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\n\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\n\nBecome a Member »\n\nASPCA\n\nPet Care\n\n## You are here\n\nHome > Pet Care > Virtual Pet Behaviorist > Cat Behavior > Stray and Feral\nCats\n\n# Stray and Feral Cats\n\n## Bookmark/Search this post\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Google Plus One\n\n * Email\n * Print\n\nFree-roaming cats can be found in big cities, small towns, rural areas and\nsuburban neighborhoods around the globe. Some are permitted outdoors at times\nbut also spend time indoors with their families. Others are fed by their\ncaretakers but live outdoors only. Still others are former pets who were lost\nor abandoned. Finally, there are cats who have become “feral.” Spending all or\nmost of their lives outdoors on their own, these cats live in a wild or semi-\nwild state. Many populations of feral cats have had close contact with people\nfor generations but still behave like wild animals.\n\nDespite their independent behavior, it’s important to realize that feral cats\nstill depend on us for their health and safety. It’s our responsibility to\nmanage their populations. It’s also important to realize that feral cats have\nspecial needs. If you’ve found a population of feral cats in your area, or if\nyou’ve adopted a cat and you think she might be feral, read on to learn what\nto do.\n\nWhat Kind of Cat Is This?\n\nFree-Roaming Pet Cats\n\nFriendly cats who appear well fed and groomed are probably pets whose\ncaretakers allow them outdoors. Some may even wear collars and identification\ntags. If they look healthy and they’re not bothering you, the best thing to do\nfor these cats is nothing. Don’t befriend them or feed them unless you want\nthem coming around more often! If pet cats already frequent your yard and are\nbecoming a nuisance, please see our article on Keeping Cats out of Your Yard\nto learn about humanely deterring them.\n\nStray Cats\n\nStray cats are cats who were once pets but have been abandoned or lost. Some\nare still very friendly and will approach you to seek attention. Others may\nappear feral at first, but once you befriend them, you’ll find that they enjoy\nhuman touch and companionship. If you find a stray cat, the best thing to do\nis catch her and attempt to find her original family. If no one claims the cat\nand you’d rather not keep her yourself, you can re-home her or give her to a\nrescue group or shelter so she can be adopted. If it’s possible to do so, opt\nfor re-homing her yourself. Most shelters already have their hands full with\nunwanted animals who need new homes. Many friendly cats are euthanized each\nweek simply because shelters don’t have the room or resources to care for\nthem. For help with re-homing, please see our article on Re-homing Your Cat.\n\nFeral Cats\n\nWhen people abandon their domesticated cats, these cats may learn to live on\ntheir own and become feral. If these cats aren’t spayed or neutered, they\nproduce feral kittens, who usually live their entire lives without human\ncontact.\n\nFeral cats often live in a group of related cats, called a colony, but if food\nis scarce they may roam alone. A colony typically occupies and defends a\nspecific territory where food and shelter are available. Feral cat colonies\noften live near dumpsters or restaurants, beneath porches, in barns or in\nabandoned buildings. Even though many of these cats don’t enjoy long lives,\nthey breed and overpopulate rapidly. Human intervention and care is crucial to\nensure their welfare and prevent more feral cats from being born into this\nharsh, difficult existence. Taking responsibility for feral cat welfare also\nensures our own cats’ health. Unvaccinated feral cats can pass on diseases and\nparasites when they come into contact with pet cats outdoors.\n\nWhat Can I Do to Help Stray and Feral Cats?\n\nHelping Stray Cats\n\nLost or abandoned strays are often hungry, ill or in distress. They may be\nhard to distinguish from feral cats because lost or scared pets can be so\nfrightened or disoriented that they seem wild. They may hide during the day\nand, when approached, run away or show signs of aggression, such as hissing,\nspitting or growling. At the same time, some feral cats can seem deceptively\nfriendly—they may approach or even be petted by someone who regularly feeds\nthem outdoors, but if brought indoors they would avoid human contact and try\nto escape.\n\nHow do you tell the difference between a frightened lost pet and a feral cat?\nThere is no magic formula, but there are some clues that will help.\nIronically, a dirty and disheveled cat is most likely a stray pet and not a\nferal cat. Recently abandoned cats often have trouble finding food and\nshelter, or are driven away from food sources by the local feral cats, and\nstop grooming because they feel stressed.\n\nBehavior is another indicator. In general, a cat who approaches complete\nstrangers is most likely a stray pet, even if he runs away when you try to pet\nhim. ASPCA researchers have found other behaviors that differentiate stray and\nferal cats. The research was done in a shelter environment, so if you are\ndoing a TNR project and have the cats contained in traps for a few days, these\nbehaviors would be helpful: rubbing, playing, chirping and a cat with his tail\nup are things that only stray pets are likely to do when caged. Remember,\nferal cats may do these things outdoors, around trusted caretakers, so you\nshould only use these indicators for cats in traps, carriers or kennels. A\nlittle surprisingly, the researchers saw that some feral cats in cages will\nmeow and blink with eye contact, so those are not reliable clues.\n\nIf the cat you want to help seems feral or you are not sure, see our guide\nbelow: Helping Feral Cats.\n\nStart by Making Friends with Food\n\nIf you decide to help a stray cat, feeding her is the most effective way to\nstrike up a friendship. Leave some strong-smelling food, like canned cat food,\nin an area where you’ve seen the stray cat. Be sure to deliver the food at the\nsame time each day, in the same spot, so the cat learns when and where to\nexpect a meal. After a few days of food delivery, stick around to see if the\nstray cat will approach while you’re in sight. Be sure to keep your distance\nat first so the cat doesn’t have to come too close to you to eat. It may also\nhelp to sit on the ground so you look less intimidating. If the cat doesn’t\napproach, go back to delivering food and leaving the area. After a few more\ndays, try sticking around again. If the cat does approach, continue to keep\nyour distance. Resist the urge to approach and try to pet her. Over the next\ncouple of weeks, sit down closer and closer to the food dish.\n\nIntroduce a Large Crate or Trap\n\nWhen the cat starts to appear reliably in anticipation of the food and seems\nless worried about your presence, start bringing a large crate or trap with\nyou to the feeding spot. (If you bring a trap, be sure to find a way to keep\nit open during this stage. If a cat goes partway into the trap and trips the\nmechanism that closes the door, she may escape—and, because she’s had a scare,\nshe’ll be reluctant to approach a crate or trap again.) Place the food dish a\nfoot or two away from the crate or trap. Over the next week or so, move the\ndish closer and closer to the crate or trap door. Eventually, put the food\njust inside the crate or trap, but keep the door open. Gradually move the food\nfarther and farther inside so the cat must enter to eat. Once she’ll go all\nthe way inside, you can move on to the last step. If you’re using a crate,\ngently close and latch the door when the cat goes all the way in. If you’re\nusing a trap, simply remove whatever you’re using to keep the trap door open\non the day you plan to capture the cat.\n\nIf this strategy doesn’t work, ask a local cat rescue group or animal shelter\nfor advice. These groups have experience trapping stray cats and may be able\nto assist you.\n\nWhat to Do When You’ve Captured the Cat\n\nOnce you have the cat in a crate or trap, it’s time to get her some help.\n\n * Take the cat to a veterinarian or local rescue group to check for a microchip (identification implanted underneath the skin). The vet or group will use a special scanner to look for the chip.\n * Place a “found” advertisement online or in your local newspaper. Many papers offer this service at no charge. You can also put up ads in local shops, pet stores, veterinary offices and restaurants and on telephone poles in the neighborhood where you found the cat.\n * Check with your local animal shelter and with animal control to see if anyone has reported a lost cat fitting your stray cat’s description.\n * If you plan to keep the cat or find a new home for her, take her to a veterinarian for a thorough check-up. She’ll need to be tested for diseases and parasites, such as feline leukemia, feline immunodeficiency virus, heartworms and fleas. If you have other cats, do not allow them to socialize with the newcomer until her health check is complete.\n * If you do not intend to keep the cat, take her to a local animal shelter or rescue group, where she’ll have a chance to get adopted.\n\nHelping Feral Cats\n\nThe best thing you can do for the feral cats in your neighborhood is vaccinate\nthem, prevent them from reproducing and then leave them where they are. TNR\n(Trap-Neuter-Return) is a humane and effective program for stabilizing and\nmaintaining healthy feral cat colonies, eliminating their mating behavior, and\nreducing costs to local governments and residents—all while providing an\nimproved quality of life for the cats themselves.\n\nTNR is a full management plan in which stray and feral cats already living\noutdoors are humanely trapped, evaluated, vaccinated and sterilized. Kittens\nand tame cats are adopted into good homes. Healthy adult cats who are\nunsocialized to humans are returned to their familiar habitat, usually under\nthe lifelong care of volunteers. Cats suffering from illness or injury are\nhumanely euthanized.\n\nTNR is more effective and less expensive than trying to exterminate feral cat\ncolonies. Feral cats settle in certain areas because those areas have one or\nmore attractive features, like proximity to trash dumps or spots where cats\ncan find shelter. So if you trap and euthanize one colony, another will simply\nmove in to take its place. Repeated trapping and euthanasia are far more\ncostly than promoting stable, non-breeding colonies in the same location.\nAnimal control facilities report that it costs between $100 and $125 to pick\nup, house and then euthanize a feral cat. Sterilizing the same animal costs\nonly $35 to $55 at a typical low-cost clinic. It’s also much less traumatic\nfor a feral cat to be anesthetized, vaccinated and spayed or neutered than it\nis to be housed in a shelter for the stray-hold period required by law.\n\nHow Do I Set Up a TNR Program?\n\nTalk with your local Animal Control, SPCA or Humane Society for information on\nstarting a TNR program in your area. In addition to providing information,\nthese organizations may be able to rent or loan you traps to catch feral cats.\nYou can search the Internet for other resources and groups that help feral\ncats. (Search “TNR feral cats” or “help feral cats.”=.) Here are a few of our\nfavorite sites:\n\n * www.alleycat.org (Alley Cat Allies, the largest feral cat rescue group in the nation)\n * www.neighborhoodcats.org (Neighborhood Cats)\n * www.feralcat.com (Feral Cat Coalition)\n\nHow Can I Help My Own Feral Cat?\n\nStray cats who have experienced human contact at one point in their lives\noften still crave it and do well when adopted into loving homes.\nUnfortunately, unless you’ve captured a wild-born feral cat as a young kitten,\nshe will very likely never become a friendly cat. If you bring one of these\ncats into your home, you may find that she’s terrified of you for the rest of\nher life. She may never be able to recognize that you’re a nice person with\ngood intentions. Instead, she may always see you as a threat, no matter what\nyou do.\n\nFeral cats are essentially wild animals. Many cats who don’t learn to enjoy\nhuman company and touch by about 12 weeks of age have a lot of trouble\ninteracting with people as adults. Over a period of months or years, some\nferal cats get used to one or two familiar people and no longer run away from\nthem. However, most wild-born adult cats never become social butterflies. They\nalmost always remain wary of strangers, and some can’t even learn to relax\naround their pet parents. If you find a feral cat, bring her home and realize\nthat she fits this description, she’ll likely be happier if you take her back\nto her wild family—after she’s spayed, vaccinated and ear-tipped, of course.\n\nAdopting a Feral Kitten\n\nIt’s possible to tame most feral kittens, especially if they’re captured at a\nyoung age (between 4 and 8 weeks). If you’ve just brought home a feral kitten,\nset up a confinement space for her. Doing so will keep her safe and prevent\nher from hiding during feeding times. The area should be small and free of\nthings that might hurt your kitten (toxic chemicals, exposed wires she might\nchew, etc.). Bathrooms or laundry rooms, catteries and large dog crates make\nconvenient, cozy confinement areas.\n\nPlease see this helpful video to learn about working with feral kittens:\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpEcxIgMhyQ&feature=channel.\n\nThe video shows how to gradually socialize a feral kitten by associating the\npresence of people with food and petting.\n\nHow Do I Tame a Feral Cat?\n\nIf you’re already committed to trying to socialize an adult feral cat, be\nprepared for a very long, slow transition. You are taming a wild animal! Read\non to learn how to survive the first few days or weeks with your newly adopted\nferal cat.\n\n * When you bring your cat home, keep her in a quiet room with a comfy bed, water and a litter box. You may need to put garden soil in the box at first. Most outdoor cats are used to eliminating on dirt, not cat litter. Start with soil only, and gradually add more and more litter as your cat gets used to the new texture.\n * Visit your cat in her room. Bring her delicious food and extra treats, like tuna flakes or tiny cubes of chicken, at least twice a day. (The more often you can visit, the better!) Your cat might not eat with you in the room at first, but that’s okay. When she does, you can try gradually moving closer and closer to her while she’s eating.\n * Do not stare directly at your cat or reach for her. In cat language, those are threatening gestures. Instead, play hard-to-get. Ignore your cat. Try reading a book or working on a laptop so she gets used to your quiet, non-threatening presence. Scatter tasty treats on the floor around you, and replenish them as your cat eats. As she becomes more comfortable, try offering treats in your outstretched hand. When your cat will take food from your hand, you can start working toward touching her. As she eats, gradually bring your other hand closer and closer until you can gently stroke her. Be patient. If your cat is truly feral, this will likely take weeks or months.\n * How can you tell when your cat is ready for physical contact? Here’s a good rule to follow: never touch a fearful animal until she’s willing to touch you first. Keep in mind that if you’re working with a wild-caught cat, she may never initiate contact or it may take years for her to do so. Adjusting your expectations will prevent you from putting too much pressure on the new cat—and on yourself.\n * Eventually, when your cat has grown accustomed to you and her quiet room, you can slowly increase her freedom in the house, one room at a time. Be aware, though, that if she’s startled or frightened, she might jam herself into a tight hiding place and get stuck there. It’s best to keep your cat in a safe, quiet place until she seems less flighty.\n * Many feral cats eventually become comfortable enough around humans to play with toys. Using a laser pointer or wand-type toy like the Cat Dancer® is a good way to interact with your cat without getting too close to her. As your cat settles in to her new home, occasionally bring out a toy for her to investigate. She’ll tell you when she’s ready to play by tracking the toy’s movement or lifting a paw to playfully bat at it.\n\nAdditional Tips\n\n * If you have only one feral cat as a pet and are discouraged that you aren’t able to touch her after months or years, consider adopting a second, very friendly cat as a companion (if she likes other cats). This will give you a pet that you can actually touch and provide companionship and a good example to the shy one. As an extra bonus, if you get your second cat from a shelter or the street, you’re saving two lives instead of one!\n * Here’s an eye-opening statistic: for every person born in the U.S., 15 dogs and 45 cats are also born. It’s no wonder that millions of unwanted pets must be euthanized nationwide in animal shelters each year. There aren’t enough homes for them. Overpopulation in cats is significantly worse than it is in dogs. The number of stray and feral cats in our country can only be reduced through responsible cat guardianship. Spay or neuter your own cat so she doesn’t contribute to the homeless pet problem.\n\n## Related Links\n\nNighttime Activity in Cats\n\nWhen cats aren’t snoozing at night, they can be very active. Your cat might\nwake you up at night because he wants to play, or because he might be hungry.\nLearn more about what you can do if your cat is keeping you awake at night.\n\nMeowing and Yowling\n\nCats meow for various reasons as their primary means of communication. While\nkittens meow to alert their mothers to their needs, adult cats primarily meow\nat humans, rather than other cats. Learn more about why cats meow, and what to\ndo if your cat’s meowing becomes excessive.\n\nFear of Places and Objects\n\nAnimals, especially cats, tend to generalize fear. This means if a loud and\nscary noise occurs as a glass shatters on the kitchen floor, your cat might\nalways be afraid of linoleum floors. Learn more about causes and signs of\nfeline fear, and how to manage your cat’s fear.\n\nFear of Visitors\n\nCats can develop a fear of people they don’t know for many reasons. Companion\nfelines have unique personalities, and some are just more outgoing than\nothers. However, if a cat is calm and friendly with his family but afraid of\nvisitors, it’s often because he didn’t have enough experience meeting new\npeople when he was very young.\n\nCats Who Suckle and Lick People\n\nThere are many reasons why a cat might suckle or lick people excessively.\nLearn more about why your cat might be engaging in this type of behavior, and\nhow to treat the behavior if it becomes excessive.\n\nCompulsive Behavior in Cats\n\nCompulsive behavior in cats, such as excessive licking or hair pulling, can\nhave many causes and implications. Learn more about how to identify compulsive\nbehaviors in your cat, and to help treat them.\n\n## In this Section\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Cats\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Horse\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n\n * Donate Today\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n\n## Our Partners\n\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\n\n#### Protect Your Pets\n\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\n\nJoin Team ASPCA\n\nDonate Your Birthday\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n\n * Report Animal Cruelty\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\n * Advocacy Center\n * View More »\n * Adopt\n\n * Adoptable Dogs\n * Adoptable Cats\n * Adoption Tips\n * Meet Your Match\n * Find a Shelter\n * View More »\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n * Cat Care\n * Dog Care\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\n * Pet Planning\n * View More »\n * NYC\n\n * Adoption Center\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\n * View More »\n * Get Involved\n\n * Join Team ASPCA\n * Advocacy Center\n * Donate Your Birthday\n * Create a Memorial Page\n * Create a Wedding Page\n * View More »\n * About Us\n\n * Pressroom\n * Jobs\n * Corporate Partnerships\n * ASPCA Grants\n * Policies and Positions\n * Annual Report & Form 990\n * View More »\n * Donate\n\n * Make a Donation\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n * Planned Giving\n * Memorial Gift\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\n * Vehicle Donations\n * Other Ways to Give »\n\n## Footer Info Menu\n\n * FAQ\n * Legal Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of\nCruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\n\n## Footer Contact Menu\n\n * ASPCApro.org »\n * Contact\n * Jobs\n * Pressroom\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511141829/https://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=363", "parsed_text": { "title": "UCSB Science Line", "passages": [ "This is mysterious, isn't it? I have a 1.5-week-old kitten that I'm fostering for the local humane society and I haven't noticed any belly button on her or her two older foster brothers. But if I had seen these kittens when they were born, I would have seen the umbilical cord. Kittens in the womb get their nutrients from their mothers the same way we do, through an umbilical cord that's attached to the placenta on one end and the belly of the fetus on the other. All mammals have this system except for the marsupials (like kangaroos and opossums) and the two egg-laying mammals (platypus and echidna).", "Blood from the mother carries oxygen and nutrients to the placenta and carries wastes away. The cleaned, fueled, oxygen-rich blood then flows through the fetus. So why are we the only mammals (as far as I know) with visible belly buttons? Basically, the answer is that the belly button heals more completely in kittens than in us, butwhy? Maybe it's because of how we tie off and cut the umbilical cords of babies. Most mammal mothers bite the cord between the baby and the placenta, leaving a fairly long piece of the cord. Then the cord shrivels up over the next few days and falls off. I wonder if we'd have belly buttons if we did the same thing. Maybe it's because our skin is rather different than the thin skin of most mammals. Now I'm wondering if chimps have visible belly buttons.", "What a great question! It never occurred to me that cats should have belly buttons. You see the attached bit of umbilical chord on newly-born puppies, so puppies must have them, but what about cats? Basically, all mammals that develop in a placenta, attached to their mother with an umbilical chord, should have a belly button or at least a scar where the umbilical chord attached. (There IS a group of mammals that do not develop in placentas, and thus do not have belly buttons. Can you think of an example? You won't find them in North America!) According to Cecil Adams, the guy who answers questions for \"The Straight Dope\" column ( straightdope ), cats have a scar hidden under their fur just tail-wards of their rib cage where the umbilical chord attached. This is the cat equivalent of a belly button.", "Cats do have umbilical cords (which is how they get nutrients), and normally the mother cat severs it with her teeth, and the belly button will not appear as humans do - the mother cat does not tie a neat knot!!!" ] }, "parsed_md": "UCSB Science Line\n\nUCSB Science Line\n\n| | Do cats have belly buttons? If not, then how do their offspring get their\nnutrients? \n--- \nQuestion Date: 2003-05-08 \n \nAnswer 1:\n\nThis is mysterious, isn't it? I have a 1.5-week-old kitten that I'm fostering\nfor the local humane society and I haven't noticed any belly button on her or\nher two older foster brothers. But if I had seen these kittens when they were\nborn, I would have seen the umbilical cord. Kittens in the womb get their\nnutrients from their mothers the same way we do, through an umbilical cord\nthat's attached to the placenta on one end and the belly of the fetus on the\nother. All mammals have this system except for the marsupials (like kangaroos\nand opossums) and the two egg-laying mammals (platypus and echidna).\n\nBlood from the mother carries oxygen and nutrients to the placenta and carries\nwastes away. The cleaned, fueled, oxygen-rich blood then flows through the\nfetus. So why are we the only mammals (as far as I know) with visible belly\nbuttons? Basically, the answer is that the belly button heals more completely\nin kittens than in us, butwhy? Maybe it's because of how we tie off and cut\nthe umbilical cords of babies. Most mammal mothers bite the cord between the\nbaby and the placenta, leaving a fairly long piece of the cord. Then the cord\nshrivels up over the next few days and falls off. I wonder if we'd have belly\nbuttons if we did the same thing. Maybe it's because our skin is rather\ndifferent than the thin skin of most mammals. Now I'm wondering if chimps have\nvisible belly buttons. \n \nAnswer 2:\n\nWhat a great question! It never occurred to me that cats should have belly\nbuttons. You see the attached bit of umbilical chord on newly-born puppies, so\npuppies must have them, but what about cats? Basically, all mammals that\ndevelop in a placenta, attached to their mother with an umbilical chord,\nshould have a belly button or at least a scar where the umbilical chord\nattached. (There IS a group of mammals that do not develop in placentas, and\nthus do not have belly buttons. Can you think of an example? You won't find\nthem in North America!) According to Cecil Adams, the guy who answers\nquestions for \"The Straight Dope\" column ( straightdope ), cats have a scar\nhidden under their fur just tail-wards of their rib cage where the umbilical\nchord attached. This is the cat equivalent of a belly button. \n \nAnswer 3:\n\nCats do have umbilical cords (which is how they get nutrients), and normally\nthe mother cat severs it with her teeth, and the belly button will not appear\nas humans do - the mother cat does not tie a neat knot!!!\n\nClick Here to return to the search form. \n \nCopyright © 2020 The Regents of the University of California, All Rights\nReserved. UCSB Terms of Use \n---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://urbancatleague.org/FeralFAQ", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506235835/http://urbancatleague.org/FeralFAQ", "parsed_text": { "title": "UrbanCatLeague", "passages": [ "To learn about Taming Ferals, watch our video Tough Love, Socializing Feral Kittens and read the Taming guidelines below as well as checking out the many tips for living with feral cats on our blog http://www.socialferals.blogspot.com/ (For a much more in-depth, printer- friendly version of these Guidelines, click here.)", "Kittens under 8 weeks can usually be socialized without much difficulty following the guidelines detailed below. Kittens over 8 weeks of age who've had no positive interaction with humans often take much longer to socialize. However, these same guidelines are often effective up to 6 months and often even with adult ferals.", "Location - The best places to socialize kittens are anywhere where the socializer can get on the same level and comfortably interact with the kittens without the kittens feeling towered over, \"backed into a corner,\" or hiding out of reach. Many large-dog kennels are roomy enough for the socializer to sit inside and have the added advantage of more frequent exposure to typical human activity if placed in a busy room of the house. Most bathrooms work very well although they are isolated from continual household activity. A small room without hiding spots under couches and beds or behind furniture can also work very well. Radio and television sounds can contribute to getting outdoor ferals accustomed to the indoor environment.", "The double decker wire catteries on wheels can work very well to start socialization but at some point you must let the kittens out in a confined space where they can choose to approach you. They can be wheeled into a small room to be let out for hands on work or wheeled back into the living area for exposure to general activity between socialization sessions. Try to choose the set up which gives the kittens the most \"quality\" exposure to you and household activity.", "Small cages or carriers don't work well since the cats always feel cornered when we reach in and they have no room to make the important \"mind shift\" where THEY choose to approach US out of self-interest in order to get the food they desire. They need to have the option NOT to be near you in order to make that decision to approach. We have some limited equipment information on our website where to obtain traps, handling gloves and socialization pens.", "FOOD is the most important tool to facilitate the socialization process. Growing kittens have an insatiable appetite which will give them the courage to approach you and be touched when they might normally never allow you anywhere near them. NEVER put food down and walk away. It takes away any incentive for them to welcome you into their world. NO FREE RIDES!", "The following guidelines are not \"hard, fast rules.\" You may find that the kittens skip to advanced stages very quickly or you may find they follow a sequence of their own design.", "Evaluation - If the kittens are healthy, using the litter box, and will eat in front of you, you can safely begin delaying meals just enough to give you the advantage of hunger. (If not, you may decide to give them a \"free ride\" until this situation stabilizes. Once they seem calmer or the vet gives the OK, you may begin the \"tough love\" stage of socialization where you space out the meals so that the kittens are eager to learn.)", "Tough Love - Never put food down and walk away. If the kittens will eat in your presence, progressively pull the dish as close to you as possible. Stay with the kittens until they have finished eating and then take any remaining food away with you when you leave. Always leave water of course, but NO FOOD unless you are there with them.", "Eating off your finger - When the kittens have progressed to eating from a dish right beside you with your hand touching the dish, start offering something tasty off your finger. Gerber or Beechnut baby food are favorites in Turkey, Chicken or Beef flavors. You may want to try this in place of step 2 if they won't move close to you to eat from the dish. The order is of no importance as long as they are improving on some level. Be flexible but don't let them hold you hostage at the stage of their choice. \"Get tough,\" and make them work for it. Until they realize the Baby Food's consistency, they may want to gulp bites before they learn to lick it. Let them learn to lick from a spoon, popsicle stick or tongue depressor if they want to chew your finger instead of lick at first. They figure out to lick not bite quickly, but in the meantime, ouch! Your hand reaching close to them, without them retreating in fear is the lesson they are learning through hand feeding.", "Lead them onto your lap - Once they are used to eating off your finger, use that to lead them up into contact with your body by their choice. You can also try putting a dish in your lap and let the entire litter climb up onto you to eat. The braver ones will start and the shy ones may need to be worked with individually at their level. Lead the braver ones as close as possible and see if they will make eye contact with you while licking from your finger. That's a biggie for them! Put the fast learners in a carrier to work with the shier ones. Put a dish inside and close the door on them, if they aren't quite ready to be picked up easily.", "Initiate Contact - Initiate contact at the beginning of a session where the kittens are particularly hungry and eagerly engrossed in eating. Start with them eating from a dish or while eating off the finger and eventually progress to touching them and petting while they are in your lap eating. Start in the head and shoulder area only. If s/he runs off, lure them back with baby food on the finger and any bad experience should be soon forgotten. (This approach to handle mistakes works at any stage. Back up to a stage that they've mastered and work back up to where they \"freaked-out.\" Don't stop the session until they've forgotten the bad experience and are happily doing one of the steps with which they feel comfortable.)", "Check out video footage of these techniques in action in part 2 of Tough Love the accompanying video to this page.", "Preparation for lifting - Expand petting and touching around the head and shoulders by moving to touching the underbelly to desensitize them for being picked up. Also try nudging them from one side to the other while they are engrossed in eating. Just having your hands near them and gently pushing them around is an important preparation to being picked up.", "Moving on the ground - Set up two dishes and gently lift/scoot a kitten the short distance from one dish to the other, very close to the ground. If the kitten is engrossed in eating s/he won't mind being lifted if it goes smoothly and quickly. If not, lure 'em back, back up and start over.", "Picking them up - Start sitting on the floor so the first real lift is still close to the floor from their point of view. Have a full jar of baby food opened and ready before you try the first pick-up. Try it when they are engrossed in eating right next to you rather than scrambling after them on the run. Lift them under their chest with a small dish of food RIGHT IN FRONT OF THEIR NOSE the whole time. Hold them as loosely as possible onto your knees and eventually to your chest. Young kittens are often reassured if they feel the warmth of your body and can feel your heart beat when held against your chest. If it works you can try it up onto your knees the next day and eventually standing up. Make sure they are very comfortable with the small lifts before you ever bend down from towering above them and picking them up fully standing. When you can do that, you're home free!", "Handling w/o food - After a good long session where the kitten(s) are very full and getting sleepy, try gentle petting and work up to holding and petting without the incentive of food being present. If this works you should be able to try it at other times between meals. It may be hardest just before feeding when the kittens are very hungry and confused and stressed by being held when they have only food on their minds. There's usually at least one \"love bug\" in every litter that will give you hope for the others.", "Transition to adoption - Before putting them in a cage in an adoption center, test them with a few different socializers. If the volunteers at the adoption center can continue the baby food training there is often a smooth transition. Older and especially shy kittens do better when they go directly to an adoption and bypass the adoption center altogether. A crash course in socializing for the adopting family may be needed to assure that the transition to the home goes well. If the adopter starts them in the bathroom rather than turning the kittens loose to the run of the house, it will assure that they can bond with the kittens and that the kittens will know where the litter box is. If not the kittens often run off under the couch to hide for the foreseeable future. Give them a copy of this so they can understand what they kittens have accomplished and how they can continue the progress.", "INTERACTIVE PLAY - \"Most\" feral kittens are frightened by interactive play when first exposed to humans. There is no rule for when to introduce it, or when they will accept it, but the best way to start is with a toy which isn't too threatening. A string on the end of a stick or some toy that allows you to entice them from a distance, allows them to get involved with your game without being face to face with you. Some people have found that interactive play was the breakthrough activity much more so than using food. Be flexible to discover what breaks the ice best and branch out from that. Use whatever proves to be their favorite thing as a reward for new steps or to break through a plateau. Once a step has been mastered, only offer regular food as a reward for that step saving the favorite treat for breaking into new territory. Remember the Mantra \"Tough Love.\"" ] }, "parsed_md": "Feral FAQ - UrbanCatLeague\n\n# Feral FAQ !\n\n * About Us\n\n * Success Stories\n\n * Feral FAQ\n\n * Taming Ferals\n\n * Winter Cat Shelters\n\n * Donate!\n\n * Join Our Mailing List\n\n## 1\\. \"Hey, I saw a mom cat and kittens outside. What should I do?\"\n\nThe answer is different depending whether the cats are tame or feral (wild).\nEither way, although your attention may be on the kittens (which is\nunderstandable because they're so darn cute), any plan moving forward needs to\nfocus, first and foremost, on the mom cat: and getting her sterilized\n(neutered) immediately, so she can't have any more litters. Please read the\nFAQs further down about TNR-Trap, Neuter, Return If mom and kittens are tame\n(by \"tame\", we mean they aren't afraid to be picked up and handled) it's much\neasier to get them to a vet and get everyone neutered, vaccinated, tested and\nready for adoption. It's also easier to find them stable, loving homes (please\nsee our adoption primer for more info).\n\nIf mom and the kittens can't be approached or touched they are probably feral\n(wild). You'll want to read entry #24 in our \"Urban Cat League Taming Ferals\"\nblog which outlines the best strategy for trapping a feral mom and kittens for\nspay/neuter. You'll want to read entry #26 to understand how important it is\nto start taming the kittens before they hit 8 weeks of age.\n\n* And we have an entire section of this website devoted to taming feral cats and kittens, and preparing them for adoption. You will vastly increase your chances for success by reading this section first, BEFORE you take ANY cats or kittens off the street. With a careful, well-thought-out plan you can help these little guys find a better life off the street without getting scratched or bitten yourself in the process.\n\n## 2\\. \"How can I tame wild kittens and help them get adopted?\"\n\nOur kitten and feral cat taming page is full of everything you could ever want\nto know (and more) about taming ferals. We have a video demo of taming\ntechniques, a printer-friendly print out of tips and a blog filled with ideas\ngleaned over years of hands-on experience taming feral cats and kittens. With\nthese insights, and some perseverance on your part, chances are you can tame\nthem and get them adopted. Check it out!\n\n## 3\\. \"What exactly is a Feral Cat?\"\n\nCat lovers often disagree about what makes a cat \"feral.\" But, in its simplest\nterms, a feral cat distrusts humans and prefers not to associate with us, and\nare not candidates for \"quick and easy\" rescues or adoptions. Trust of humans\nis a learned behavior for cats, not a genetic trait. Unlike other domesticated\nanimals, cats are independently resourceful. They can often find a food source\nand easily survive without us especially in a rural setting (pigs can too, but\nthat's a whole other website). In a big city, life is much more difficult.\nBut, amazingly, cats can instinctively become hunters and/or scavengers almost\ninstantly. In fact, Ferals are so good at finding shelter, and hiding from the\nelements, that most New Yorkers have never actually seen a feral street cat\neven though thousands live in our midst. HINT: Midnight-to-dawn is the best\ntime to catch a glimpse. But, be warned: if they see you, chances are they\nwon't let you see them.\n\n## 4\\. \"Are all street cats 'Feral'?\"\n\nNope. Many are lost or abandoned house cats, that, if brought in from the\nstreet, will instantly readjust to the comforts of home and hearth. But if\nthese domestic cats reproduce on the street, their offspring can become feral\nin one generation (especially if the only human they see is an angry store\nowner chasing their mother away when she rummages through the garbage). On the\nother hand, if the mother cat continues to trust humans, and there is a\nfriendly caretaker coming by daily to provide food, which the mother greets\nand is relaxed around, the kittens will probably be easy to tame and will\ntrust humans too.\n\n## 5\\. \"Can all feral kittens be tamed?\"\n\nUnder 8 weeks even the wildest kittens can usually be tamed or \"socialized\" to\nhumans. Anything past 8 weeks takes a special brand of patience and\ncommitment, but it can be done. Check out our taming blog, taming video and\ntips on taming feral cats and kittens to see how Urban Cat League socializes\nferal cats and kittens for adoption.\n\n## 6\\. \"What is involved in Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR)?\"\n\nTNR is a non-lethal sterilization method designed to reduce the numbers of\nferal cats, and end \"nuisance behaviors\" like mating season yowling, and the\nsmelly spraying of territory.\n\nTNR is a comprehensive, ongoing program, practiced by animal care\norganizations all over the world, in which stray and feral cats are humanely\ntrapped, sterilized, vaccinated, ear-tipped (see below) and returned to their\nhabitat as a way to halt the cycle of reproduction, and eliminate the nuisance\nbehaviors associated with mating.\n\nTNR Programs differ, but at Urban Cat League we also evaluate each cat to\ndetermine the best plan to suit each individual cat: Healthy adult cats too\nwild (feral) to be adopted are returned to their familiar habitat under the\nlifelong care of volunteers.\n\nKittens and tame (stray) cats are vetted and carefully adopted. Cats that are\nill or injured are not returned to the colony until completely well. \"At risk\"\ncats are relocated to safer locations.\n\nTNR is a hands-on project requiring commitment from one or more volunteer\ncaretakers, often with help from feral cat advocates living in the area. TNR\nisn't hard. But it is a responsibility. All it takes is a little bit of\neducation, a little bit of free time, and a whole lot of love.\n\nIn communities where TNR is widely embraced, feral cat numbers have dropped\nsignificantly because it breaks the cycle of reproduction. TNR programs\noperate largely or entirely through the dedicated efforts of committed\nvolunteers. TNR'd feral cat colonies can live long healthy lives, and, once\neducated, the public overwhelmingly supports TNR as the long-term \"humane\nsolution\" to feral cat overpopulation.\n\n## 7\\. \"Where can I learn more about TNR?\"\n\nThe NYC Feral Cat Initiative holds frequent information and training workshops\ncovering all aspects of organizing a TNR project. Consult their website and\nRSVP for the next workshop to learn about all of the free services for feral\ncats available in NYC.\n\nIf you live elsewhere, the websites of Alleycat Allies and Neighborhood Cats\nhave lots of info about TNR for persons not able to attend a workshop in\nperson. Those needing help to find a nearby feral cat TNR spay/neuter program\ncan search by state at this HSUS link.\n\nTIP: Do a google search with the name of your town or state and the words\n\"Feral Cat\", \"TNR\", \"low-cost Spay/Neuter\" or similar words to find the groups\nnearest you promoting feral cat care.\n\n## 8\\. \"I am already alone caring for a group of cats. Can I do a TNR project\nalone?\"\n\nWe recommend finding help. There are probably other caretakers like yourself\nthat would welcome help to get a TNR project started in their area, too. And\nworking together will make things much, much easier. Call your local Animal\nControl and local veterinary clinics and ask about other animal rescue groups,\nor individuals, that may already be doing TNR in your area.\n\nAlleycat Allies will help you make these connections.\n\nIf they're not a group already in-place, don't worry. Somebody's gotta get the\nball rolling, right?. Every group that is currently doing TNR started as the\nidea of one person. But hopefully you won't have to go it alone for too long.\nTry not to get overwhelmed. Set a realistic goal, and try to move forward to\nhelp the cats experience a better life.\n\n## 9\\. \"What is ear-tipping?\"\n\nYou might have seen a cat or two with a square ear? Well, ear-tipping is a\ntechnique of painlessly removing the point off the top of a feral cat's left\near while the cat is anesthetized for spay/neutering. Ear-tipping is the\nuniversal symbol to identify feral cats that have been neutered, vaccinated\nand are receiving daily care (TNR'd). Ear-tipping ensures that a sterile cat\nwill not undergo unnecessary repeat surgery, and it also helps volunteers to\nspot any new unneutered cat that arrives in a \"managed\" colony of feral cats.\nFor info to provide your veterinarian about the proper technique for\neartipping a feral cat at the time of spat/neuter, go to alleycat.org Alley\nCat Allies − Veterinary Care Guide −\n\n## 10\\. \"Is it cruel to leave cats outside?\"\n\nThe safest place for tame, domesticated companion cats may be indoors, but the\nbest −and often the only− option for feral (wild) cats is outside. Feral cats\nwho have undergone TNR, and live in managed colonies, can live long, healthy\nand contented lives. Although all feral cats could (theoretically) transition\nto living happily indoors, finding homes for the thousands of feral cats in\nthe world is not a realistic option. Humane societies, animal shelters, and\nother animal organizations require that cats \"tolerate being touched and held\"\nto be deemed \"adoptable.\" Because of that, most city shelters routinely kill\nferal cats unless local volunteer groups are actively practicing TNR to help\nreduce the feral population.\n\n * adopt\n\n * spay/neuter\n\n * links\n\n * adopt\n\n * spay/neuter\n\n * links\n\n * contact\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.feralcat.com/taming.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210216173309/https://www.feralcat.com/taming.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Taming Feral Kittens", "passages": [ "Feral cats are homeless cats, many of whom were born in the wild; others are pets who were abandoned or have become lost. They are for all intents and purposes wild animals.", "Those adult stray cats which were once owned, or feral cats of quiet temperament, may sometimes be tamed with patience. However, the feral kitten is often easily tamed if it is captured young enough. Considering the short, miserable lives that feral cats suffer, those kittens that can be tamed and adopted by humans are indeed lucky.", "Feral moms usually give birth in quiet, unseen spots where kittens will not be visible for several weeks. With no human contact, they will be totally wild. When kittens begin to romp and play, they are first noticed by humans but are not easily captured. They may be captured in humane traps (available from the Feral Cat Coalition) and should be taken from the mother at 4 to 6 weeks of age.", "Older kittens can also be captured and tamed but the process gets slower and less successful the longer the kittens stay in the wild. They should not be taken from the mother before they are old enough to be weaned at about 4 weeks. Kittens taken too young are vulnerable to disease and may not survive. The mother cat should also be captured and spayed to prevent future litters.", "The process of taming kittens can take from 2 to 6 weeks (longer for some exceptionally skittish kittens) depending on their age and state of wildness. Individuals can differ greatly in temperament even within the same litter. Some may tame up immediately and some may take quite a long time. Any person attempting to tame kittens should be totally committed and patient. The taming process is certainly worthwhile. You are saving lives and producing affectionate loving companions.", "A feral kitten may hiss and \"spit\" at humans. They are usually terrified of humans. The kitten which acts the most ferocious is just the most scared, but it is capable of giving you a nasty scratch or bite and will probably try to escape if given the chance. Remember that to the kitten you may be a predator; the kitten may think it is fighting for its life.", "Feral kittens should be checked out by a veterinarian and tested for diseases contagious to other cats before you bring them home. Keep them isolated from your pet cats, wash your hands, and wear a smock (or change clothes between handling visits) to protect against the spread of disease from the kittens to pets or from pets to kitten.", "If a trap was used to capture the kitten, transfer the kitten to a cage or a pet carrier large enough for a small litter box and bedding. Place it in a small room away from family pets and children. Be careful not to allow the kitten to escape during the transfer process.", "For the first two days, do not attempt handling. The kittens must learn to feel safe. Visit them frequently and talk to them quietly, but resist touching. Always move slowly.", "Food and water and bedding should be placed in the cage or carrier. Many cages and carriers have food and water bowls attached to the doors so that you can feed and water the kittens without having to place your hand inside. If you do not have a cage, or your carrier is too small for a litter pan, place the kittens in a small room, like a bathroom, in the carrier. Place the litter box in the room and leave the carrier door open so that the kittens have access to the box.", "After 2 days, select the least aggressive kitten, place a towel over it, and pick it up in the towel. If the kitten stays calm, pet it gently on the head from behind. Never approach from the front. A hand coming at the kittens frightens them which may cause them to hiss or bite.", "If the kitten remains calm, grip it securely by the nape of the neck, put the towel on your lap and set it on the towel. Stroke the kitten's body while speaking in soft, reassuring tones, then release. Make this first physical contact brief. Go through this process with each kitten. After all have been handled, give them a special treat. Baby food or Hills \"a/d\" brand canned food off a spoon is always a great ice-breaker. Repeat this process as frequently as possible.", "Brushing with a soft pet brush imitates the action of the mother grooming the kittens and will help the kitten start to transfer its need for parental love to you. It is also extremely important for the health of the kittens to remove fleas as soon as possible. Kittens become anemic from flea infestation and can easily fall prey to illnesses in this condition. Combing with a flea comb also helps the bonding process.", "Never stare at the kittens for prolonged periods. This is aggressive body language to cats. Avert your eyes frequently and lower your head often to display submissive behavior. This will be less threatening to the kittens.", "Play with the kittens using \"kitty tease\" toys (a tiny piece of cloth tied to a string which is tied to a small stick) or lightweight cat toys. Don't leave the \"kitty tease\" alone with the kittens as kittens will often swallow string. This can be fatal.", "Within a week the kittens should have made considerable progress. Each kitten will develop at a different rate. They should have access to the room and can be placed in the cage only if necessary.", "If there is one that is not becoming tame, place it in a separate cage in another room, away from the others. This will allow you to work with the baby more frequently and will increase it's dependence on a human. It will also prevent perpetuation of wildness in the littermates. All members of some litters must be isolated as not to reinforce wildness in the group.", "A large room may overwhelm a timid kitten and cause increased fear. Bedrooms can be a problem. If kittens become frightened and go under the bed it can be difficult to get them to come out and stressful for them if you force them out.", "Also try to kitten-proof the room as much as possible before letting the kittens out into the room. Seal up any nooks and crannies where frightened kittens may enter and become trapped or inaccessible to you. Bathroom sinks often have spaces between the kickboard and the cabinet just large enough for the kitten. Block access to behind bookcases and heavy furniture behind which the kitten can become wedged. Be careful of open toilets and anything which could be climbed and pulled down on top of the kitten causing possible injury. Protect vulnerable knick knacks, clothes, and plants (some poisonous) from curious kittens.", "When the kittens no longer respond by biting and scratching, encourage friends to handle them as often as possible. It is very important that they socialize with other humans. Feral cats tend to bond with one human so they best adjust to a new home if they are socialized with other humans before being adopted out.", "When screening prospective \"parents\" remember that the kitten will do best if there are no small children in the home. All the work you have done can be easily shattered by normal kid activity and noise. This is vital to remember when placing the kittens for adoption. The most suitable home is a calm environment so the kittens will feel secure. The ideal home is one which will keep their pet indoors and will take 2 kittens together (actually easier to care for and more fun to watch) or that will have an adult home during the day.", "Be sure that you inform the adoptive family that the kitten must be neutered. This can be done as early as 8 weeks of age. You may want to ask for a refundable deposit from the adoptive family to encourage them to neuter. Or you may want to neuter it yourself and ask the new owner to reimburse you. Many forms and contracts exist for doing this. For example, FOCAS, the Humane Society, and the Department of Animal Control all have such agreements.", "It is important to make sure this cat does not have babies, or you may find yourself trying to find a family for its kittens." ] }, "parsed_md": "Taming Feral Kittens - Feral Cat Coalition\n\n * Donate to the Feral Cat Coalition\n * Contact Us\n * FAQs About Feral Cats\n * Feral Cat Coalition Store\n\n# Taming Feral Kittens\n\nPlease click here for a printer-friendly PDF version.\n\nFeral cats are homeless cats, many of whom were born in the wild; others are\npets who were abandoned or have become lost. They are for all intents and\npurposes wild animals.\n\nThose adult stray cats which were once owned, or feral cats of quiet\ntemperament, may sometimes be tamed with patience. However, the feral kitten\nis often easily tamed if it is captured young enough. Considering the short,\nmiserable lives that feral cats suffer, those kittens that can be tamed and\nadopted by humans are indeed lucky.\n\nWant to stay up to date with the Feral Cat Coalition? Get on our email list\nnow!\n\nFeral moms usually give birth in quiet, unseen spots where kittens will not be\nvisible for several weeks. With no human contact, they will be totally wild.\nWhen kittens begin to romp and play, they are first noticed by humans but are\nnot easily captured. They may be captured in humane traps (available from the\nFeral Cat Coalition) and should be taken from the mother at 4 to 6 weeks of\nage.\n\nOlder kittens can also be captured and tamed but the process gets slower and\nless successful the longer the kittens stay in the wild. They should not be\ntaken from the mother before they are old enough to be weaned at about 4\nweeks. Kittens taken too young are vulnerable to disease and may not survive.\nThe mother cat should also be captured and spayed to prevent future litters.\n\nThe process of taming kittens can take from 2 to 6 weeks (longer for some\nexceptionally skittish kittens) depending on their age and state of wildness.\nIndividuals can differ greatly in temperament even within the same litter.\nSome may tame up immediately and some may take quite a long time. Any person\nattempting to tame kittens should be totally committed and patient. The taming\nprocess is certainly worthwhile. You are saving lives and producing\naffectionate loving companions.\n\nThe steps involved in the taming process are:\n\n 1. Containment (I) in a cage or large pet carrier\n 2. Periodic and brief handling with a protective towel\n 3. Containment (II) in a small room\n 4. Exposure to other humans\n 5. Placement in suitable adoptive homes\n\n## Containment I\n\nA feral kitten may hiss and \"spit\" at humans. They are usually terrified of\nhumans. The kitten which acts the most ferocious is just the most scared, but\nit is capable of giving you a nasty scratch or bite and will probably try to\nescape if given the chance. Remember that to the kitten you may be a predator;\nthe kitten may think it is fighting for its life.\n\nAll bites are serious. If you are bitten, seek medical attention and\nquarantine the kitten.\n\nFeral kittens should be checked out by a veterinarian and tested for diseases\ncontagious to other cats before you bring them home. Keep them isolated from\nyour pet cats, wash your hands, and wear a smock (or change clothes between\nhandling visits) to protect against the spread of disease from the kittens to\npets or from pets to kitten.\n\nIf a trap was used to capture the kitten, transfer the kitten to a cage or a\npet carrier large enough for a small litter box and bedding. Place it in a\nsmall room away from family pets and children. Be careful not to allow the\nkitten to escape during the transfer process.\n\nFor the first two days, do not attempt handling. The kittens must learn to\nfeel safe. Visit them frequently and talk to them quietly, but resist\ntouching. Always move slowly.\n\nFood and water and bedding should be placed in the cage or carrier. Many cages\nand carriers have food and water bowls attached to the doors so that you can\nfeed and water the kittens without having to place your hand inside. If you do\nnot have a cage, or your carrier is too small for a litter pan, place the\nkittens in a small room, like a bathroom, in the carrier. Place the litter box\nin the room and leave the carrier door open so that the kittens have access to\nthe box.\n\nSome people use worn clothing as the kittens' bedding to get them used to the\nsmell of humans.\n\n## Handling\n\nAfter 2 days, select the least aggressive kitten, place a towel over it, and\npick it up in the towel. If the kitten stays calm, pet it gently on the head\nfrom behind. Never approach from the front. A hand coming at the kittens\nfrightens them which may cause them to hiss or bite.\n\nIf the kitten remains calm, grip it securely by the nape of the neck, put the\ntowel on your lap and set it on the towel. Stroke the kitten's body while\nspeaking in soft, reassuring tones, then release. Make this first physical\ncontact brief. Go through this process with each kitten. After all have been\nhandled, give them a special treat. Baby food or Hills \"a/d\" brand canned food\noff a spoon is always a great ice-breaker. Repeat this process as frequently\nas possible.\n\nBrushing with a soft pet brush imitates the action of the mother grooming the\nkittens and will help the kitten start to transfer its need for parental love\nto you. It is also extremely important for the health of the kittens to remove\nfleas as soon as possible. Kittens become anemic from flea infestation and can\neasily fall prey to illnesses in this condition. Combing with a flea comb also\nhelps the bonding process.\n\nNever stare at the kittens for prolonged periods. This is aggressive body\nlanguage to cats. Avert your eyes frequently and lower your head often to\ndisplay submissive behavior. This will be less threatening to the kittens.\n\nPlay with the kittens using \"kitty tease\" toys (a tiny piece of cloth tied to\na string which is tied to a small stick) or lightweight cat toys. Don't leave\nthe \"kitty tease\" alone with the kittens as kittens will often swallow string.\nThis can be fatal.\n\n## Containment II\n\nWithin a week the kittens should have made considerable progress. Each kitten\nwill develop at a different rate. They should have access to the room and can\nbe placed in the cage only if necessary.\n\nIf there is one that is not becoming tame, place it in a separate cage in\nanother room, away from the others. This will allow you to work with the baby\nmore frequently and will increase it's dependence on a human. It will also\nprevent perpetuation of wildness in the littermates. All members of some\nlitters must be isolated as not to reinforce wildness in the group.\n\nA large room may overwhelm a timid kitten and cause increased fear. Bedrooms\ncan be a problem. If kittens become frightened and go under the bed it can be\ndifficult to get them to come out and stressful for them if you force them\nout.\n\nAlso try to kitten-proof the room as much as possible before letting the\nkittens out into the room. Seal up any nooks and crannies where frightened\nkittens may enter and become trapped or inaccessible to you. Bathroom sinks\noften have spaces between the kickboard and the cabinet just large enough for\nthe kitten. Block access to behind bookcases and heavy furniture behind which\nthe kitten can become wedged. Be careful of open toilets and anything which\ncould be climbed and pulled down on top of the kitten causing possible injury.\nProtect vulnerable knick knacks, clothes, and plants (some poisonous) from\ncurious kittens.\n\n## Exposure\n\nWhen the kittens no longer respond by biting and scratching, encourage friends\nto handle them as often as possible. It is very important that they socialize\nwith other humans. Feral cats tend to bond with one human so they best adjust\nto a new home if they are socialized with other humans before being adopted\nout.\n\n## Placement\n\nKittens can be adopted out at 8 weeks or so if tamed and socialized to humans.\n\nWhen screening prospective \"parents\" remember that the kitten will do best if\nthere are no small children in the home. All the work you have done can be\neasily shattered by normal kid activity and noise. This is vital to remember\nwhen placing the kittens for adoption. The most suitable home is a calm\nenvironment so the kittens will feel secure. The ideal home is one which will\nkeep their pet indoors and will take 2 kittens together (actually easier to\ncare for and more fun to watch) or that will have an adult home during the\nday.\n\nBe sure that you inform the adoptive family that the kitten must be neutered.\nThis can be done as early as 8 weeks of age. You may want to ask for a\nrefundable deposit from the adoptive family to encourage them to neuter. Or\nyou may want to neuter it yourself and ask the new owner to reimburse you.\nMany forms and contracts exist for doing this. For example, FOCAS, the Humane\nSociety, and the Department of Animal Control all have such agreements.\n\nIt is important to make sure this cat does not have babies, or you may find\nyourself trying to find a family for its kittens.\n\n[Page updated October 2016]\n\nFeral Cat Coalition 9528 Miramar Road PMB 160 San Diego, California 92126\n\n© 1995-2016 Feral Cat Coalition\n\n * Feral Cat Coalition home page\n * About Us\n\n * Our clinic\n * Our brochure (PDF)\n * Info\n\n * Getting started\n\n * Volunteer opportunities (PDF)\n * Trapping\n\n * Instructions for trapping feral cats\n * Helpful hints for successful trapping (PDF)\n * A source for humane traps\n * Other feral issues\n\n * Taming feral kittens\n * Raising orphaned kittens\n * Our policy on testing/vaccination for FeLV/FIV/FIP\n * Spay/neuter and veterinarians\n\n * Why you should spay and neuter (PDF)\n * Pre- and post-surgery instructions - adoptable cats\n * Pre- and post-surgery instructions - ferals\n * Ear tipping (PDF)\n * San Diego County animal shelters (PDF)\n * Animal help groups (PDF)\n * Adoption groups (PDF)\n * San Diego area rescue groups, animal shelters (PDF)\n * San Diego low-cost programs\n\n * SNAP program (PDF)\n * Weekly vet instruction packet (PDF)\n * Complete procedures for running FCC-type clinic\n * Donate\n * Articles and Reports on Ferals\n\n * Addressing Smithsonian catbird study\n * TNR effective on college campuses\n * TNR stabilizes and reduces feral colonies\n * Case for TNR\n * Biology & behavior of the cat\n * Key scientific studies on TNR\n * Contact Us\n * Pictures\n\n * Photos from Feral Cat Coalition clinics\n * FAQ\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.aspca.org/adopt/feral-cats-faq", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150923180004/http://www.aspca.org/adopt/feral-cats-faq", "parsed_text": { "title": "Feral Cats FAQ", "passages": [ "The number of feral cats in the U.S. is estimated to be in the tens of millions. Sadly, many communities still opt to control populations using outdated methods, including lethal elimination or relocation. Not only are some of these methods horribly cruel, they are also highly ineffective. It’s time to focus on feral cats in the fight to end animal cruelty.", "The ASPCA endorses Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) as the only proven humane and effective method to manage feral cat colonies. The following information provides background on TNR, online and print resources, and what you can do to get involved in your community.", "A cat born and raised in the wild, or who has been abandoned or lost and turned to wild ways in order to survive, is considered a free—roaming or feral cat. While some feral cats tolerate a bit of human contact, most are too fearful and wild to be handled. Ferals often live in groups, called colonies, and take refuge wherever they can find food—rodents and other small animals and garbage. They will also try to seek out abandoned buildings or deserted cars—or even dig holes in the ground—to keep warm in winter months and cool during the summer heat.", "Simply put, it's not easy. Feral cats must endure weather extremes such as cold and snow, heat and rain. They also face starvation, infection and attacks by other animals. Unfortunately, almost half of the kittens born outdoors die from disease, exposure or parasites before their first year. Feral cats also face eradication by humans—poison, trapping, gassing and steel leg-hold traps are all ways humans, including some animal control and government agencies, try to kill off feral cat populations.", "That said, feral cats who live in a managed colony—a colony with a dedicated caretaker who provides spay/neuter services, regular feedings and proper shelter—can live a quite content life.", "If a feral cat survives kittenhood, his average lifespan is less than two years if living on his own. If a cat is lucky enough to be in a colony that has a caretaker, he may reach 10 years.", "Yes. A feral cat is primarily wild-raised or has adapted to feral life, while we define a stray cat as someone's pet who has become lost or has been abandoned. Stray cats are usually tame and comfortable around people. They will frequently rub against legs and exhibit behaviors such as purring and meowing. In contrast, feral cats are notably quiet and keep their distance. Stray cats will also often try to make a home near humans—in car garages, front porches or backyards. Most are completely reliant on humans as a food source and are not yet able to cope with life on the streets.", "TNR is the method of humanely trapping feral cats, having them spayed or neutered and vaccinated against rabies, and then returning them to their colony to live out their lives. TNR also involves a colony caretaker who provides food and adequate shelter and monitors the cats' health. TNR has been shown to be the least costly, as well as the most efficient and humane way of stabilizing feral cat populations.", "Through TNR, feral cats can live out their lives without adding to the homeless cat population. “It is very important to have all feral cats spayed/neutered because it is the only 100-percent effective way to prevent unwanted kittens,” says Aimee Christian, ASPCA Vice President of Spay/Neuter Operations. “Feral cats are prolific reproducers.”", "Furthermore, by stabilizing the population, cats will naturally have more space, shelter and food, and fewer risks of disease. After being spayed or neutered, cats living in colonies tend to gain weight and live healthier lives. Spayed cats are less likely to develop breast cancer and will not be at risk for ovarian or uterine cancer, while neutered males will not get testicular cancer. By neutering male cats, you also reduce the risk of injury and infection, since intact males have a natural instinct to fight with other cats. Spaying also means female cats do not go into heat. That means they attract fewer tom cats to the area, reducing fighting. If cats are sterilized and live in a colony that has a caretaker, they may live more than 10 years.", "TNR helps the community by stabilizing the population of the feral colony and, over time, reducing it. At the same time, nuisance behaviors such as spraying, excessive noisemaking and fighting are largely eliminated, and no more kittens are born. Yet, the benefit of natural rodent control is continued. Jesse Oldham, ASPCA Senior Administrative Director of Community Outreach and the founder of Slope Street Cats, an organization dedicated to feral cat welfare, notes, “TNR also helps the community's animal welfare resources by reducing the number of kittens that would end up in their shelters—TNR creates more space for the cats and kittens who come to them from other avenues.”", "A colony caretaker is an individual (or group of individuals) who manages one or more feral colonies in a community. The caretaker keeps an eye on the cats, providing food, water, shelter, spaying/neutering and emergency medical care. In most cases, organizations and vets know these people because of the community service they provide. Some shelters and rescue groups even give out free or low-cost spay/neuter coupons to colony caretakers.", "Alley Cat Allies, founded in 1990, offers a wealth of information on TNR, feral cat care and advocacy. Here are some key pointers on becoming a colony caretaker:", "Offer your help to established colony caretakers. Ongoing needs include feeding, trapping, transportation to and from the veterinarian, temporary housing for cats after surgery, and fostering and socializing kittens for the purpose of finding them good homes.", "Start with the cats in your own backyard—educate yourself about TNR and learn to trap cats and have them spayed or neutered.", "If you live in New York City, learn more about the ASPCA's Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic or call Neighborhood Cats at (212) 662 5761 or visit their website to register for a TNR workshop.", "Ear-tipping is a widely accepted means of marking a feral cat who has been spayed or neutered. It also often identifies them as being part of a colony with a caretaker. Ear-tipping is the humane surgical removal of the top quarter-inch of the left ear. The procedure is performed by a licensed veterinarian, typically during the spay/neuter surgery. Ear-tipping is completely safe and rarely requires special aftercare. Ear-tipping is especially important as it prevents an already spayed or neutered cat the stress of re-trapping and, more important, an unnecessary surgery.", "Eradication, the deliberate and systematic destruction of a feral cat colony, by whatever method, almost always leads to the “vacuum effect”—either new cats flock to the vacated area to exploit whatever food source attracted the original inhabitants, or survivors breed and their descendants are more cautious around threats. Simply put, eradication is only a temporary fix that sacrifices animals' lives unnecessarily, yet yields no positive or beneficial return.", "Many communities have rounded up colonies of feral cats either for euthanasia or to relocate them to another area. This never works. Feral cats are very connected with their territory. They are familiar with its food sources, places that offer—shelter, resident wildlife, other cats in the area and potential threats to their safety—all things that help them survive. “Relocation of feral cat colonies is difficult to orchestrate and not 100-percent successful even if done correctly. It is also usually impossible to catch all of the cats, and it only takes one male and one female to begin reproducing the colony,” Oldham states. “Even when rounding up is diligently performed and all ferals are removed, new cats will soon move in and set up camp.”", "Relocation is something to consider only if keeping the cats where they are becomes a threat to their lives and all other options have been explored and have failed. Moving cats to another area is a great risk to their safety unless they are being moved to a protected area and procedures laid out by groups such as Alley Cat Allies are followed. “Relocation is an extremely difficult process. People should choose relocation only if the cats' territory is going to be demolished, there is no adjacent space to shift them to, and if the cats' lives would be at extreme risk should they remain where they are,” says Oldham.", "To help your cats be better neighbors to your neighbors, keep in mind that kindness and patience are key. Find out what about the cats is bothering your neighbors and work with them on those specific issues. For example, deterrents such as motion-activated sprinklers, garden rocks and citrus smells will help keep cats away from the people who do not want them digging in their gardens or roaming their property. “It is also important to nicely explain to them that TNR is the most humane and effective way of managing feral cat overpopulation issues. TNR offers a solution that helps both the cats and the human residents, providing first and foremost permanent population control since the cats will no longer be able to reproduce,” says Aimee Christian, ASPCA Vice President of Spay/Neuter Operations. “Let them know that it also drastically changes the cats' behavior—there will be less odor (since they will no longer spray), less roaming, less visibility, and no more yowling or fighting.”", "If you need help speaking to your community about TNR, contact your humane society and do some research on effective talking points for promoting TNR. Here are some pointers to consider when dealing with difficult neighbors:", "Present information in a reasonable, professional manner and address individual complaints by listening patiently. Always maintain a constructive, problem-solving attitude.", "Explain diplomatically that the cats have lived at the site for a long time and that they have been or will be sterilized, which will cut back on annoying behaviors.", "While feral cats do kill some birds, they prefer to kill rodents. Other issues, such as the decline of natural habitat and use of pesticides, have a greater negative impact on bird populations.", "Whether feral cats are roaming your yard, digging up your garden, rooting through your trash or making a home under your porch, there are several types of harmless cat repellents available to help. From sprays and motion-activated sprinklers to ultrasonic animal repellents, these quick and easy solutions, coupled with TNR and ongoing management, can help you coexist with your neighborhood cats! Just make sure your product of choice is nontoxic to animals.", "No, feral cats are not adoptable and shelters rarely will accept them. The fact is, most feral cats exhibit wild, shy or frightened behavior, and it's impossible to predict how or if they will ever acclimate to indoor life. Feral cats make up a large percentage of the four million to six million cats euthanized yearly by U.S. animal shelters. Adopting a feral is seldom the best course of action for either the cat or the prospective adopter.", "We do not recommend it. While a feral cat might look exactly the same as a pet cat, they're actually very different. Feral cats survive by avoiding close human interaction. When properly cared for, feral cats are happier outdoors in their own territory—they have their own hierarchies and are able to exhibit their natural behaviors. There is very little success in adopting a truly feral cat. “When I first started doing TNR,” Oldham recalls, “I, like many first-time rescuers, tried to socialize a feral cat. He remained under my bed for over a year before I could even touch him. With so many adoptable domestic cats and kittens who are truly happy being indoors, socializing a feral cat should not be the goal.”", "Some semi-feral cats are actually stray cats who don't exhibit quite the same shy behavior as the majority of feral cats. Many semi-ferals are stray cats who were lost or abandoned. Occasionally they were born feral but for no particular reason are less fearful of humans than is typical. Many semi-ferals lack the knowledge to survive on their own, and are often rejected by established colonies.", "It is possible for some of these cats to be socialized, but it depends on their trust of humans. “Many people wonder how they can tell if a cat is feral or an afraid domestic—that's a hard judgment call,” Oldham states. “My advice in these situations is to trap and neuter the cat and see how he responds when you are holding him for recovery in a quiet space. If he vocalizes to you, affectionately rubs his cheeks on you, he's likely been socialized by people at some point in the past.”", "It is very important to take caution, especially with cats who seem to straddle the fence between feral and friendly. Getting them to trust people again might be hard, and it's possible they might imprint on you only, making them extremely difficult to adopt out. The Urban Cat League is a great resource for information on socializing semi-feral cats.", "It is important to trap feral kittens and, whenever possible, foster and socialize them until they are old enough to be adopted out. “Once born, they struggle to survive,” Christian says. “Their mortality rate is very high because of all the challenges of life outside on the streets.\"", "The Urban Cat League is a great resource for information on socializing feral kittens, if you have the time and energy to dedicate to the task. Here are some tips to help you along:", "Do not let feral kittens run loose—they can hide in tiny spaces and are exceptionally difficult to find and catch.", "Confine the kittens in a dog crate, cat condo or cage with a small litter box, food, water and something snuggly to cuddle in.", "Food is the key to socializing. Give the kittens a small amount of wet food by hand at least twice a day—eventually the kittens will associate your presence with food. For those who are more feral, start by offering baby food or wet food on a spoon through the cage.", "Younger and less feral kittens can be picked up right away. Make a kitty burrito by wrapping a kitten in a towel, allowing her head to stick out.", "Once the kittens no longer run away from you but instead come toward you seeking to be fed, held and petted, you can confine them to a small room.", "Socializing feral cats involves an extreme amount of patience, time and energy, and there is no guarantee that the cat will become tame. Unfortunately, with the numerous friendly and adoptable animals the ASPCA already has, resources to socialize feral animals are scarce.", "Stray cats will usually try to make contact with you, even if they are a bit fearful at first. If you find a stray cat, please take the following actions:", "Consider fostering the cat rather than bringing her to the shelter—most shelters only hold strays for a few days, often euthanizing them after the mandatory holding period.", "Check classifieds for lost pets and run a \"found\" ad of your own. Make sure your description is brief so that callers will need to truly identify the cat.", "Do not feed the cats for a full 36 hours before trapping, as they must be hungry to enter the trap.", "Human-grade tuna, mackeral, sardines and salmon work well as bait. Avoid canned cat food, stray cats are used to it. Place the food inside the trap, behind the trip plate, so the cat is sure to step on it when eating.", "Ask that the cat be ear-tipped—have the tip of one ear snipped during surgery—to help future rescuers identify him. This is a painless and risk-free procedure.", "The good news is, you will never be alone! There are very valuable resources available on the Web and via feral cat organizations that will help guide you through the process. Visit the Alley Cat Allies online community to gather ideas and expertise. It's a good idea to reach out and connect with others, even if they aren't close by. Also, Neighborhood Cats offers an online workshop, “How to Manage a Feral Cat Colony.” Call or visit your local shelter or veterinary clinic to see if the staff can put you in touch with someone who can help.", "The ASPCA has sterilized thousands of feral cats at our Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinics. We have also written a protocol for the sterilization of feral cats based on the work we do every day, with the input of the community-based groups Neighborhood Cats and Slope Street Cats. Whether you are a rescuer, colony caretaker, veterinary technician, veterinarian or any other friend of ferals, this guide will aid you in helping spay and neuter feral cats.", "© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization." ] }, "parsed_md": "Feral Cats FAQ | ASPCA\n\n## Main menu\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n * Adopt\n\n * Adoptable Dogs at the ASPCA\n * Adoptable Cats at the ASPCA\n * Adoptable Dogs in Your Local Shelter\n * Adoptable Cats in Your Local Shelter\n * Adoption Tips\n * Feral Cats FAQ\n * Find a Shelter\n * Meet Your Match\n * Mobile Adoption Calendar & Locations\n * Pet Care\n * NYC\n * Blog\n * Get Involved\n * For Parents\n * About Us\n * Donate\n\nFollow Us On:\n\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\n\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\n\nBecome a Member »\n\nASPCA\n\nAdopt\n\n## You are here\n\nHome > Adopt > Feral Cats FAQ\n\n# Feral Cats FAQ\n\n## Bookmark/Search this post\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Google Plus One\n\n * Email\n * Print\n\nEspañol »\n\nThe number of feral cats in the U.S. is estimated to be in the tens of\nmillions. Sadly, many communities still opt to control populations using\noutdated methods, including lethal elimination or relocation. Not only are\nsome of these methods horribly cruel, they are also highly ineffective. It’s\ntime to focus on feral cats in the fight to end animal cruelty.\n\nThe ASPCA endorses Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) as the only proven humane and\neffective method to manage feral cat colonies. The following information\nprovides background on TNR, online and print resources, and what you can do to\nget involved in your community.\n\n * What Is a Feral Cat?\n * Is There a Difference Between a Stray Cat and a Feral Cat?\n * What's Life Like for a Feral Cat?\n * What Is the Average Lifespan of a Feral Cat?\n * What Is Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR)?\n * How Does TNR Help Feral Cats?\n * How Does TNR Benefit the Community?\n * What Is a Colony Caretaker?\n * How Can I Become a Colony Caretaker?\n * What is Ear-tipping and Why Is it Important?\n * Does Eradication Work?\n * What Is Relocation and Why Doesn't it Work?\n * Is Relocation Ever an Option?\n * How Do I Deal With Difficult Neighbors?\n * Don't Feral Cats Kill Birds?\n * How Can I Keep Feral Cats Out of My Yard?\n * Will Animal Shelters Adopt Out Feral Cats?\n * Can I Tame a Feral Cat?\n * Can I Tame a Semi-Feral Cat?\n * How Can I Help Feral Kittens?\n * How Do I Tame Feral Kittens?\n * Why Can't the ASPCA Take in Feral Cats and Socialize Them?\n * What Do I Do If I Find a Stray Cat?\n * Do You Have Any Tips For Trapping a Cat?\n * I Don't Live in NYC and Can't Find Anyone to Help Me With TNR. What Do I Do?\n * I Am a Veterinarian Who'd Like to Offer Services for Feral Cats. What Do I Do?\n * What Are Some Other Ways I Can Help Feral Cats in My Neighborhood?\n\nWhat Is a Feral Cat?\n\nA cat born and raised in the wild, or who has been abandoned or lost and\nturned to wild ways in order to survive, is considered a free—roaming or feral\ncat. While some feral cats tolerate a bit of human contact, most are too\nfearful and wild to be handled. Ferals often live in groups, called colonies,\nand take refuge wherever they can find food—rodents and other small animals\nand garbage. They will also try to seek out abandoned buildings or deserted\ncars—or even dig holes in the ground—to keep warm in winter months and cool\nduring the summer heat.\n\nBack to top\n\nWhat's Life Like for a Feral Cat?\n\nSimply put, it's not easy. Feral cats must endure weather extremes such as\ncold and snow, heat and rain. They also face starvation, infection and attacks\nby other animals. Unfortunately, almost half of the kittens born outdoors die\nfrom disease, exposure or parasites before their first year. Feral cats also\nface eradication by humans—poison, trapping, gassing and steel leg-hold traps\nare all ways humans, including some animal control and government agencies,\ntry to kill off feral cat populations.\n\nThat said, feral cats who live in a managed colony—a colony with a dedicated\ncaretaker who provides spay/neuter services, regular feedings and proper\nshelter—can live a quite content life.\n\nBack to top\n\nWhat Is the Average Lifespan of a Feral Cat?\n\nIf a feral cat survives kittenhood, his average lifespan is less than two\nyears if living on his own. If a cat is lucky enough to be in a colony that\nhas a caretaker, he may reach 10 years.\n\nBack to top\n\nIs There a Difference Between a Stray Cat and a Feral Cat?\n\nYes. A feral cat is primarily wild-raised or has adapted to feral life, while\nwe define a stray cat as someone's pet who has become lost or has been\nabandoned. Stray cats are usually tame and comfortable around people. They\nwill frequently rub against legs and exhibit behaviors such as purring and\nmeowing. In contrast, feral cats are notably quiet and keep their distance.\nStray cats will also often try to make a home near humans—in car garages,\nfront porches or backyards. Most are completely reliant on humans as a food\nsource and are not yet able to cope with life on the streets.\n\nBack to top\n\nWhat Is Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR)?\n\nTNR is the method of humanely trapping feral cats, having them spayed or\nneutered and vaccinated against rabies, and then returning them to their\ncolony to live out their lives. TNR also involves a colony caretaker who\nprovides food and adequate shelter and monitors the cats' health. TNR has been\nshown to be the least costly, as well as the most efficient and humane way of\nstabilizing feral cat populations.\n\nBack to top\n\nHow Does TNR Help Feral Cats?\n\nThrough TNR, feral cats can live out their lives without adding to the\nhomeless cat population. “It is very important to have all feral cats\nspayed/neutered because it is the only 100-percent effective way to prevent\nunwanted kittens,” says Aimee Christian, ASPCA Vice President of Spay/Neuter\nOperations. “Feral cats are prolific reproducers.”\n\nFurthermore, by stabilizing the population, cats will naturally have more\nspace, shelter and food, and fewer risks of disease. After being spayed or\nneutered, cats living in colonies tend to gain weight and live healthier\nlives. Spayed cats are less likely to develop breast cancer and will not be at\nrisk for ovarian or uterine cancer, while neutered males will not get\ntesticular cancer. By neutering male cats, you also reduce the risk of injury\nand infection, since intact males have a natural instinct to fight with other\ncats. Spaying also means female cats do not go into heat. That means they\nattract fewer tom cats to the area, reducing fighting. If cats are sterilized\nand live in a colony that has a caretaker, they may live more than 10 years.\n\nBack to top\n\nHow Does TNR Benefit the Community?\n\nTNR helps the community by stabilizing the population of the feral colony and,\nover time, reducing it. At the same time, nuisance behaviors such as spraying,\nexcessive noisemaking and fighting are largely eliminated, and no more kittens\nare born. Yet, the benefit of natural rodent control is continued. Jesse\nOldham, ASPCA Senior Administrative Director of Community Outreach and the\nfounder of Slope Street Cats, an organization dedicated to feral cat welfare,\nnotes, “TNR also helps the community's animal welfare resources by reducing\nthe number of kittens that would end up in their shelters—TNR creates more\nspace for the cats and kittens who come to them from other avenues.”\n\nBack to top\n\nWhat Is a Colony Caretaker?\n\nA colony caretaker is an individual (or group of individuals) who manages one\nor more feral colonies in a community. The caretaker keeps an eye on the cats,\nproviding food, water, shelter, spaying/neutering and emergency medical care.\nIn most cases, organizations and vets know these people because of the\ncommunity service they provide. Some shelters and rescue groups even give out\nfree or low-cost spay/neuter coupons to colony caretakers.\n\nBack to top\n\nHow Can I Become a Colony Caretaker?\n\nAlley Cat Allies, founded in 1990, offers a wealth of information on TNR,\nferal cat care and advocacy. Here are some key pointers on becoming a colony\ncaretaker:\n\n * Offer your help to established colony caretakers. Ongoing needs include feeding, trapping, transportation to and from the veterinarian, temporary housing for cats after surgery, and fostering and socializing kittens for the purpose of finding them good homes.\n\n * Contact local shelters or welfare groups to see if a TNR workshop is available in your area.\n\n * Start with the cats in your own backyard—educate yourself about TNR and learn to trap cats and have them spayed or neutered.\n\n * If you live in New York City, learn more about the ASPCA's Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic or call Neighborhood Cats at (212) 662 5761 or visit their website to register for a TNR workshop.\n\nBack to top\n\nWhat is Ear-Tipping and Why Is It Important?\n\nEar-tipping is a widely accepted means of marking a feral cat who has been\nspayed or neutered. It also often identifies them as being part of a colony\nwith a caretaker. Ear-tipping is the humane surgical removal of the top\nquarter-inch of the left ear. The procedure is performed by a licensed\nveterinarian, typically during the spay/neuter surgery. Ear-tipping is\ncompletely safe and rarely requires special aftercare. Ear-tipping is\nespecially important as it prevents an already spayed or neutered cat the\nstress of re-trapping and, more important, an unnecessary surgery.\n\nBack to top\n\nDoes Eradication Work?\n\nEradication, the deliberate and systematic destruction of a feral cat colony,\nby whatever method, almost always leads to the “vacuum effect”—either new cats\nflock to the vacated area to exploit whatever food source attracted the\noriginal inhabitants, or survivors breed and their descendants are more\ncautious around threats. Simply put, eradication is only a temporary fix that\nsacrifices animals' lives unnecessarily, yet yields no positive or beneficial\nreturn.\n\nBack to top\n\nWhat Is Relocation and Why Doesn't It Work?\n\nMany communities have rounded up colonies of feral cats either for euthanasia\nor to relocate them to another area. This never works. Feral cats are very\nconnected with their territory. They are familiar with its food sources,\nplaces that offer—shelter, resident wildlife, other cats in the area and\npotential threats to their safety—all things that help them survive.\n“Relocation of feral cat colonies is difficult to orchestrate and not\n100-percent successful even if done correctly. It is also usually impossible\nto catch all of the cats, and it only takes one male and one female to begin\nreproducing the colony,” Oldham states. “Even when rounding up is diligently\nperformed and all ferals are removed, new cats will soon move in and set up\ncamp.”\n\nBack to top\n\nIs Relocation Ever an Option?\n\nRelocation is something to consider only if keeping the cats where they are\nbecomes a threat to their lives and all other options have been explored and\nhave failed. Moving cats to another area is a great risk to their safety\nunless they are being moved to a protected area and procedures laid out by\ngroups such as Alley Cat Allies are followed. “Relocation is an extremely\ndifficult process. People should choose relocation only if the cats' territory\nis going to be demolished, there is no adjacent space to shift them to, and if\nthe cats' lives would be at extreme risk should they remain where they are,”\nsays Oldham.\n\nBack to top\n\nHow Do I Deal with Difficult Neighbors?\n\nTo help your cats be better neighbors to your neighbors, keep in mind that\nkindness and patience are key. Find out what about the cats is bothering your\nneighbors and work with them on those specific issues. For example, deterrents\nsuch as motion-activated sprinklers, garden rocks and citrus smells will help\nkeep cats away from the people who do not want them digging in their gardens\nor roaming their property. “It is also important to nicely explain to them\nthat TNR is the most humane and effective way of managing feral cat\noverpopulation issues. TNR offers a solution that helps both the cats and the\nhuman residents, providing first and foremost permanent population control\nsince the cats will no longer be able to reproduce,” says Aimee Christian,\nASPCA Vice President of Spay/Neuter Operations. “Let them know that it also\ndrastically changes the cats' behavior—there will be less odor (since they\nwill no longer spray), less roaming, less visibility, and no more yowling or\nfighting.”\n\nIf you need help speaking to your community about TNR, contact your humane\nsociety and do some research on effective talking points for promoting TNR.\nHere are some pointers to consider when dealing with difficult neighbors:\n\n * Establish a friendly relationship with people living near a feral cat colony.\n * Present information in a reasonable, professional manner and address individual complaints by listening patiently. Always maintain a constructive, problem-solving attitude.\n * Explain diplomatically that the cats have lived at the site for a long time and that they have been or will be sterilized, which will cut back on annoying behaviors.\n * Explain that if the present colony is removed, the problems will recur with new cats.\n\nBack to top\n\nDon't Feral Cats Kill Birds?\n\nWhile feral cats do kill some birds, they prefer to kill rodents. Other\nissues, such as the decline of natural habitat and use of pesticides, have a\ngreater negative impact on bird populations.\n\nBack to top\n\nHow Can I Keep Feral Cats Out of My Yard?\n\nWhether feral cats are roaming your yard, digging up your garden, rooting\nthrough your trash or making a home under your porch, there are several types\nof harmless cat repellents available to help. From sprays and motion-activated\nsprinklers to ultrasonic animal repellents, these quick and easy solutions,\ncoupled with TNR and ongoing management, can help you coexist with your\nneighborhood cats! Just make sure your product of choice is nontoxic to\nanimals.\n\nBack to top\n\nWill Animal Shelters Adopt Out Feral Cats?\n\nNo, feral cats are not adoptable and shelters rarely will accept them. The\nfact is, most feral cats exhibit wild, shy or frightened behavior, and it's\nimpossible to predict how or if they will ever acclimate to indoor life. Feral\ncats make up a large percentage of the four million to six million cats\neuthanized yearly by U.S. animal shelters. Adopting a feral is seldom the best\ncourse of action for either the cat or the prospective adopter.\n\nBack to top\n\nCan I Tame a Feral Cat?\n\nWe do not recommend it. While a feral cat might look exactly the same as a pet\ncat, they're actually very different. Feral cats survive by avoiding close\nhuman interaction. When properly cared for, feral cats are happier outdoors in\ntheir own territory—they have their own hierarchies and are able to exhibit\ntheir natural behaviors. There is very little success in adopting a truly\nferal cat. “When I first started doing TNR,” Oldham recalls, “I, like many\nfirst-time rescuers, tried to socialize a feral cat. He remained under my bed\nfor over a year before I could even touch him. With so many adoptable domestic\ncats and kittens who are truly happy being indoors, socializing a feral cat\nshould not be the goal.”\n\nBack to top\n\nCan I Tame a Semi-Feral Cat?\n\nSome semi-feral cats are actually stray cats who don't exhibit quite the same\nshy behavior as the majority of feral cats. Many semi-ferals are stray cats\nwho were lost or abandoned. Occasionally they were born feral but for no\nparticular reason are less fearful of humans than is typical. Many semi-ferals\nlack the knowledge to survive on their own, and are often rejected by\nestablished colonies.\n\nIt is possible for some of these cats to be socialized, but it depends on\ntheir trust of humans. “Many people wonder how they can tell if a cat is feral\nor an afraid domestic—that's a hard judgment call,” Oldham states. “My advice\nin these situations is to trap and neuter the cat and see how he responds when\nyou are holding him for recovery in a quiet space. If he vocalizes to you,\naffectionately rubs his cheeks on you, he's likely been socialized by people\nat some point in the past.”\n\nIt is very important to take caution, especially with cats who seem to\nstraddle the fence between feral and friendly. Getting them to trust people\nagain might be hard, and it's possible they might imprint on you only, making\nthem extremely difficult to adopt out. The Urban Cat League is a great\nresource for information on socializing semi-feral cats.\n\nBack to top\n\nHow Can I Help Feral Kittens?\n\nIt is important to trap feral kittens and, whenever possible, foster and\nsocialize them until they are old enough to be adopted out. “Once born, they\nstruggle to survive,” Christian says. “Their mortality rate is very high\nbecause of all the challenges of life outside on the streets.\"\n\nBack to top\n\nHow Do I Tame Feral Kittens?\n\nThe Urban Cat League is a great resource for information on socializing feral\nkittens, if you have the time and energy to dedicate to the task. Here are\nsome tips to help you along:\n\n * Whenever possible, kittens should continue to nurse until four weeks old—this can be done in captivity.\n * Do not let feral kittens run loose—they can hide in tiny spaces and are exceptionally difficult to find and catch.\n * Confine the kittens in a dog crate, cat condo or cage with a small litter box, food, water and something snuggly to cuddle in.\n * Food is the key to socializing. Give the kittens a small amount of wet food by hand at least twice a day—eventually the kittens will associate your presence with food. For those who are more feral, start by offering baby food or wet food on a spoon through the cage.\n * Younger and less feral kittens can be picked up right away. Make a kitty burrito by wrapping a kitten in a towel, allowing her head to stick out.\n * Once the kittens no longer run away from you but instead come toward you seeking to be fed, held and petted, you can confine them to a small room.\n * Be sure to expose the kitten to a variety of people.\n * Do not forget about the mom—spaying her is essential as well.\n\nBack to top\n\nWhy Can't the ASPCA Take in Feral Cats and Socialize Them?\n\nSocializing feral cats involves an extreme amount of patience, time and\nenergy, and there is no guarantee that the cat will become tame.\nUnfortunately, with the numerous friendly and adoptable animals the ASPCA\nalready has, resources to socialize feral animals are scarce.\n\nBack to top\n\nWhat Do I Do If I Find a Stray Cat?\n\nStray cats will usually try to make contact with you, even if they are a bit\nfearful at first. If you find a stray cat, please take the following actions:\n\n * Check with your neighbors to see if their cat is missing.\n * Bring the cat to a shelter or veterinary clinic to be scanned for a microchip.\n * Notify all local veterinary hospitals and shelters so they can post the information in their lost-and-found resources.\n * Consider fostering the cat rather than bringing her to the shelter—most shelters only hold strays for a few days, often euthanizing them after the mandatory holding period.\n * Check classifieds for lost pets and run a \"found\" ad of your own. Make sure your description is brief so that callers will need to truly identify the cat.\n\nBack to top\n\nDo You Have Any Tips for Trapping a Cat?\n\nHere are some basic tips to help with TNR rescue:\n\n * When possible, trap in dry, temperate weather.\n * Do not feed the cats for a full 36 hours before trapping, as they must be hungry to enter the trap.\n * If you'll be trapping in an area where pet cats are roaming, please inform your neighbors.\n * Human-grade tuna, mackeral, sardines and salmon work well as bait. Avoid canned cat food, stray cats are used to it. Place the food inside the trap, behind the trip plate, so the cat is sure to step on it when eating.\n * Transport the trapped cat to your veterinarian for spaying or neutering immediately upon capture.\n * To reduce anxiety, place a sheet or towel over the trap so the cat feels secure.\n * Ask that the cat be ear-tipped—have the tip of one ear snipped during surgery—to help future rescuers identify him. This is a painless and risk-free procedure.\n\nBack to top\n\nI Don't Live in NYC and Can't Find Anyone to Help Me with TNR. What Do I Do?\n\nThe good news is, you will never be alone! There are very valuable resources\navailable on the Web and via feral cat organizations that will help guide you\nthrough the process. Visit the Alley Cat Allies online community to gather\nideas and expertise. It's a good idea to reach out and connect with others,\neven if they aren't close by. Also, Neighborhood Cats offers an online\nworkshop, “How to Manage a Feral Cat Colony.” Call or visit your local shelter\nor veterinary clinic to see if the staff can put you in touch with someone who\ncan help.\n\nBack to top\n\nI Am a Veterinarian Who Would Like To Offer Services for Feral Cats. What Can\nI Do?\n\nThe ASPCA has sterilized thousands of feral cats at our Mobile Spay/Neuter\nClinics. We have also written a protocol for the sterilization of feral cats\nbased on the work we do every day, with the input of the community-based\ngroups Neighborhood Cats and Slope Street Cats. Whether you are a rescuer,\ncolony caretaker, veterinary technician, veterinarian or any other friend of\nferals, this guide will aid you in helping spay and neuter feral cats.\n\nBack to top\n\nI'm Not Comfortable Working Directly with Feral Cats. What Are Some Other Ways\nI Can Help?\n\nThere are many different ways to help out feral cats, including:\n\n * Write letters to the editors of local papers about the cats in your community.\n * Make contacts for TNR with local veterinarians and businesses.\n * Lobby government officials about the benefits of TNR.\n * Help raise funds for local or national TNR groups.\n\nBack to top\n\n## In this Section\n\n * Adoptable Dogs at the ASPCA\n * Adoptable Cats at the ASPCA\n * Adoptable Dogs in Your Local Shelter\n * Adoptable Cats in Your Local Shelter\n * Adoption Tips\n\n * Feral Cats FAQ\n * Find a Shelter\n * Meet Your Match\n * Mobile Adoption Calendar & Locations\n\n * Donate Today\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n\n## Our Partners\n\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\n\n#### Protect Your Pets\n\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\n\nJoin Team ASPCA\n\nDonate Your Birthday\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n\n * Report Animal Cruelty\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\n * Advocacy Center\n * View More »\n * Adopt\n\n * Adoptable Dogs\n * Adoptable Cats\n * Adoption Tips\n * Meet Your Match\n * Find a Shelter\n * View More »\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n * Cat Care\n * Dog Care\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\n * Pet Planning\n * View More »\n * NYC\n\n * Adoption Center\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\n * View More »\n * Get Involved\n\n * Join Team ASPCA\n * Advocacy Center\n * Donate Your Birthday\n * Create a Memorial Page\n * Create a Wedding Page\n * View More »\n * About Us\n\n * Pressroom\n * Jobs\n * Corporate Partnerships\n * ASPCA Grants\n * Policies and Positions\n * Annual Report & Form 990\n * View More »\n * Donate\n\n * Make a Donation\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n * Planned Giving\n * Memorial Gift\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\n * Vehicle Donations\n * Other Ways to Give »\n\n## Footer Info Menu\n\n * FAQ\n * Legal Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of\nCruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\n\n## Footer Contact Menu\n\n * ASPCApro.org »\n * Contact\n * Jobs\n * Pressroom\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.humanesociety.org:80/issues/feral_cats/qa/feral_cat_FAQs.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181027193042/http://www.humanesociety.org:80/issues/feral_cats/qa/feral_cat_FAQs.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Outdoor Cats: Frequently Asked Questions : The Humane Society of the United States", "passages": [ "Cats roam outside in most neighborhoods in the United States. Some are pets whose owners let (or put) them outside, but many are community cats, who may be feral or one-time pets who are now stray, lost or abandoned. The more we understand outdoor cats and the complicated issues related to them, the more effectively we can help them, reduce cat overpopulation and protect wildlife.", "The cats you see outside may be cats whose owners let them outdoors, or they may be feral or stray community cats who live outdoors. Although these community cats aren't owned, they may be fed by one or more caring person.", "A stray cat is a pet who has been lost or abandoned, is used to contact with people and is tame enough to be adopted. A feral cat is the offspring of stray or other feral cats and is not accustomed to human contact. Feral cats are usually too fearful to be handled or adopted.", "Stray cats may be reunited with their families or adopted into new homes, but feral cats will find it difficult or impossible to adapt to living as pets in close contact with people. But that doesn't mean there aren't many things you can do to improve feral cats' health and quality of life.", "If they don't have early contact with people, the kittens of stray or feral cats will become feral, too fearful to be handled or adopted. Since a female cat can become pregnant as early as five months of age, the number of feral cats in a neighborhood can rapidly increase if cats aren't spayed or neutered.", "Community cats typically live in a colony—a group of related cats. The colony occupies and defends a specific territory where food (a restaurant dumpster or a person who feeds them) and shelter (beneath a porch, in an abandoned building, etc.) are available. Although feral cats may be seen by people who feed them, strangers may not realize that feral cats are living nearby because they rarely see them. Stray cats tend to be much more visible, may vocalize and may approach people in search of food or shelter. Stray cats may join a colony or defend a territory of their own.", "Nuisance behaviors, such as urinating and defecating in someone's yard or garden, digging in someone's yard or garden, jumping on someone's car and upsetting an owned cat, are the greatest concerns that the general public has about outdoor cats.", "Overpopulation is a serious concern as well. In the United States, approximately 2 percent of the 30 to 40 million community (feral and stray) cats have been spayed or neutered. These cats produce around 80 percent of the kittens born in the U.S. each year. Although 85 percent of the estimated 75 to 80 million pet cats in the U.S. are already spayed or neutered, many have kittens before they are spayed or neutered. Those kittens, especially if they are allowed outdoors, add to the number of outdoor cats and the problems associated with them.", "Shelters in a community with a large population of outdoor cats who aren't spayed or neutered may experience these problems:", "It's not a good idea to let your cat outside unless you have a safe enclosure or are walking them on a harness and leash. Even pet cats who are spayed or neutered may cause conflicts between neighbors and injure or kill wildlife.", "When outside, cats face dangers such as injury or death from being hit by a car, being harmed by another animal or person and diseases and parasites.", "Approximately 65 percent of the estimated 80 million pet cats in the U.S. are kept indoors, and more owners are realizing that indoor cats are safer and can lead happy lives indoors. But millions of pet cats are still allowed outside, usually without the visible collars and identification that would help reunite them with their owners should the cats be picked up by a neighbor or animal control.", "Spaying or neutering community cats using Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) will reduce their numbers. Spaying or neutering pet cats before they reproduce will reduce their numbers and help stop pet overpopulation.", "TNR is a nonlethal strategy for reducing the number of community cats and improving the quality of life for cats, wildlife and people. At its most basic, TNR involves:", "Surgically removing the tip of one ear (a \"tipped\" ear is the universally-recognized sign of a cat who has been spayed or neutered)", "The cessation of sexual activity eliminates the noise associated with mating behavior and dramatically reduces fighting and the noise it causes.", "Foul odors are greatly reduced as well because neutered male cats no longer produce testosterone which, when they are unaltered, mixes with their urine and causes the strong, pungent smell of their spraying.", "When the colony is then monitored by a caretaker who removes and/or TNRs any newly arrived cats, the population stabilizes and gradually declines over time.", "Many people see a cat who seems homeless and start feeding the cat. Ideally, the person quickly does more to help the cat:", "If the cat is tame, the first step is to try to find the cat's owner. If the owner can't be found, step two is to try to find a permanent home for the cat through a shelter, rescue or other means.", "If the cat is feral, unapproachable and wary after several days of feeding, it's best to find out if there are any groups doing TNR in the community so at least the cat can be spayed or neutered. The HSUS's map of feral cat organizations is a good place to start looking. If there are no local groups, step two is to consult one of the many resources that provide information about TNR.", "Once a cat or colony of cats has been TNR-ed, it's ideal if a dedicated caretaker provides food, water and shelter, monitors the cats for sickness or injury, and TNRs new feral cats who arrive. Ideally, kittens young enough to be socialized and new tame cats who arrive are removed from the colony for possible adoption.", "Many dedicated caretakers pay for TNR themselves to help improve the lives of cats and reduce their numbers. Without TNR and a dedicated caretaker trapping new cats who show up, the population of the colony could increase.", "Animal shelters already care for and try to find homes for untold thousands of lost, injured and abandoned cats, in addition to pet cats whose owners are unable or unwilling to keep them.", "Many animal shelters don't have the staff or money to do TNR. However, shelters that receive calls of complaint or concern from the public may attempt to humanely trap and remove feral cats. Or they may provide information and loan traps to citizens interested in humanely trapping feral cats. If there is a local group helping feral cats, the shelter may refer callers to that group.", "Because feral cats are so scared of people and usually cannot be adopted, those who are brought to a shelter, especially cats who cannot be identified as members of a known TNR-ed colony, are likely to be euthanized either right away or after a holding period. It's a complicated situation: While it's difficult to accurately identify a feral cat without observing them during a holding period, safely caring for a feral cat in a typical shelter cage is terribly stressful for the cat. In addition, if cage space is limited at the shelter, an adoptable cat may have to be euthanized to make room to hold a feral cat.", "Opinions vary on this. Some people feel sorry for feral cats because they are fending for themselves. Others are annoyed by the cats' behaviors and want them removed. But the majority of people don't feel that feral cats should be euthanized.", "Even if the shelter had enough people and money to remove and euthanize the feral cats in a community, other cats would move into the vacated territory to take advantage of the food sources and shelter. The new cats would continue to reproduce and complaint calls would continue. Euthanasia alone won't rid an area of feral cats, and killing animals to control their numbers is increasingly unpopular with the general public.", "A better approach is TNR and a dedicated caretaker. Spayed or neutered feral cats are healthier because they no longer have kittens or fight over mates, and their nuisance behaviors are greatly reduced or eliminated. If the colony has a dedicated caretaker, they provide food, water and shelter and watch over the cats' health and remove any newcomers for TNR (if feral) or adoption (if tame).", "TNR improves the quality of life for existing colonies, prevents the birth of more cats and reduces the number of cats over time. It also may be more economical than euthanasia; many groups have calculated that the costs associated with TNR are considerably less than those associated with removal, shelter care and euthanasia of feral cats.", "There are many reasons cat problems are rarely solved by trapping and removing a colony. Community cats live at a certain location because it offers food and shelter. If a colony is removed, cats from surrounding colonies may move in to take advantage of the newly available resources. The cycle of reproduction and nuisance behavior begins all over again.", "If all the cats in a colony are not trapped, then the ones left behind will tend to have larger litters of kittens. The kittens are more likely to survive because there are fewer cats competing for food. The colony's population will continue to increase until it reaches the number that can be supported by the available food and shelter.", "No input from the cats' caretakers, who are the only people who really know the cats' numbers and patterns and can control whether or not the cats are hungry enough to enter a baited trap", "No one watching out for pet cats who are lost or abandoned, aren't spayed or neutered and quickly repopulate a vacated territory", "The logic behind bans on feeding feral cats is that if there is no food available, the cats will go away. This rarely happens.", "First, cats are territorial animals who can survive for weeks without food and will not easily or quickly abandon their territory. As they grow hungrier and more desperate, they tend to venture closer to homes and businesses in search of food. Despite the effort to starve them out, the cats will also continue to reproduce, resulting in the deaths of many kittens.", "Second, feeding bans are nearly impossible to enforce. A person who is determined to feed the cats will usually succeed without being detected. Repeated experience has shown that people who care about the cats will go to great lengths, risking their homes, jobs and even their liberty to feed starving animals. In addition, there may be more than one feeder and other sources of food, including dumpsters, garbage cans and other animals.", "If you want to know how you can help community (feral and stray) cats, go to our list of things you can do.", "If you're interested in TNR or becoming a cat caretaker, find a community cat group or individuals who are practicing TNR or caretaking in your area to learn more.", "If you have been letting your cats outside, make them safe, happy indoor cats who only go out when supervised on a harness and leash, or in a safe enclosure.", "If you would like specific details about your community’s ordinances, please visit your city’s or county’s website and look for information about municipal codes. You can also request a copy of animal control ordinances from the city or county clerk. For tips on how to get ordinances and laws changed, check out our Lobbying 101 for Cats Guide.", "The HSUS^® is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions to The HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. The HSUS's tax identification number is 53-0225390.", "*Message and data rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out. We'll text you approximately once a month. Terms & Conditions/Privacy Policy" ] }, "parsed_md": "Outdoor Cats: Frequently Asked Questions : The Humane Society of the United\nStates\n\n * Skip to nav\n * Skip to content\n\n * News\n * Video\n * Animals\n * Our Work\n\n * Campaigns\n * Issues A-Z\n * Magazines\n * About Us\n * Ways to Give\n\nDONATE\n\nJanuary 8, 2015\n\n# Outdoor Cats: Frequently Asked Questions\n\nLearn about the outdoor cats—both community (feral/stray) and owned—that you\nsee in your community\n\niStockphoto\n\nCats roam outside in most neighborhoods in the United States. Some are pets\nwhose owners let (or put) them outside, but many are community cats, who may\nbe feral or one-time pets who are now stray, lost or abandoned. The more we\nunderstand outdoor cats and the complicated issues related to them, the more\neffectively we can help them, reduce cat overpopulation and protect wildlife.\n\n## Contents\n\n 1. What is an outdoor cat?\n 2. How is a stray cat different from a feral cat?\n 3. Why are there feral cats?\n 4. Where do community cats live?\n 5. Why are outdoor cats considered a problem?\n 6. If my cats have been spayed or neutered, why shouldn't I let them outside?\n 7. How can cat overpopulation be solved?\n 8. What is Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR)?\n 9. How does TNR eliminate common problems associated with community cats?\n 10. Do people take care of community cats? How?\n 11. Why can't animal shelters rescue feral cats?\n 12. Would it be better if feral cats were euthanized?\n 13. Won't removing community cats from an area eliminate the problem?\n 14. Why don't feeding bans eliminate community cats?\n 15. What can I do to help outdoor cats?\n\n## What is an outdoor cat?\n\nThe cats you see outside may be cats whose owners let them outdoors, or they\nmay be feral or stray community cats who live outdoors. Although these\ncommunity cats aren't owned, they may be fed by one or more caring person.\n\nHeated Cat Shelters on Amazon.com»\n\nback to top\n\n## How is a stray cat different from a feral cat?\n\nA stray cat is a pet who has been lost or abandoned, is used to contact with\npeople and is tame enough to be adopted. A feral cat is the offspring of stray\nor other feral cats and is not accustomed to human contact. Feral cats are\nusually too fearful to be handled or adopted.\n\nStray cats may be reunited with their families or adopted into new homes, but\nferal cats will find it difficult or impossible to adapt to living as pets in\nclose contact with people. But that doesn't mean there aren't many things you\ncan do to improve feral cats' health and quality of life.\n\nback to top\n\n## Why are there feral cats?\n\nIf they don't have early contact with people, the kittens of stray or feral\ncats will become feral, too fearful to be handled or adopted. Since a female\ncat can become pregnant as early as five months of age, the number of feral\ncats in a neighborhood can rapidly increase if cats aren't spayed or neutered.\n\nback to top\n\n## Where do community cats live?\n\nCommunity cats typically live in a colony—a group of related cats. The colony\noccupies and defends a specific territory where food (a restaurant dumpster or\na person who feeds them) and shelter (beneath a porch, in an abandoned\nbuilding, etc.) are available. Although feral cats may be seen by people who\nfeed them, strangers may not realize that feral cats are living nearby because\nthey rarely see them. Stray cats tend to be much more visible, may vocalize\nand may approach people in search of food or shelter. Stray cats may join a\ncolony or defend a territory of their own.\n\nback to top\n\n## Why are outdoor cats considered a problem?\n\nNuisance behaviors, such as urinating and defecating in someone's yard or\ngarden, digging in someone's yard or garden, jumping on someone's car and\nupsetting an owned cat, are the greatest concerns that the general public has\nabout outdoor cats.\n\nOverpopulation is a serious concern as well. In the United States,\napproximately 2 percent of the 30 to 40 million community (feral and stray)\ncats have been spayed or neutered. These cats produce around 80 percent of the\nkittens born in the U.S. each year. Although 85 percent of the estimated 75 to\n80 million pet cats in the U.S. are already spayed or neutered, many have\nkittens before they are spayed or neutered. Those kittens, especially if they\nare allowed outdoors, add to the number of outdoor cats and the problems\nassociated with them.\n\nShelters in a community with a large population of outdoor cats who aren't\nspayed or neutered may experience these problems:\n\n * More cats entering shelters as a result of trapping feral adults and kittens young enough to be socialized (tamed).\n * A rise in euthanasia rates for all cats because adult feral cats can't be adopted.\n * Euthanasia of adoptable cats when cage space runs out.\n * Costs associated with trapping and/or caring for and euthanizing feral cats.\n\nIn addition, shelters receive many nuisance complaints about outdoor cats,\nincluding:\n\n * Frequent, loud noises that are part of the fighting and mating behavior of unneutered/unspayed cats.\n * Strong, foul odors left by unneutered male cats spraying urine to mark their territory.\n * Flea infestations.\n * Visible suffering from injured and dying cats.\n * The death of wild animals who are cats' prey.\n\nback to top\n\n## If my cats have been spayed or neutered, why shouldn't I let them out?\n\nIt's not a good idea to let your cat outside unless you have a safe enclosure\nor are walking them on a harness and leash. Even pet cats who are spayed or\nneutered may cause conflicts between neighbors and injure or kill wildlife.\n\nWhen outside, cats face dangers such as injury or death from being hit by a\ncar, being harmed by another animal or person and diseases and parasites.\n\nApproximately 65 percent of the estimated 80 million pet cats in the U.S. are\nkept indoors, and more owners are realizing that indoor cats are safer and can\nlead happy lives indoors. But millions of pet cats are still allowed outside,\nusually without the visible collars and identification that would help reunite\nthem with their owners should the cats be picked up by a neighbor or animal\ncontrol.\n\nback to top\n\n## How can cat overpopulation be solved?\n\nSpaying or neutering community cats using Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) will reduce\ntheir numbers. Spaying or neutering pet cats before they reproduce will reduce\ntheir numbers and help stop pet overpopulation.\n\nback to top\n\n## What is Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR)?\n\nTNR is a nonlethal strategy for reducing the number of community cats and\nimproving the quality of life for cats, wildlife and people. At its most\nbasic, TNR involves:\n\n * Humanely trapping community cats\n * Spaying or neutering them\n * Vaccinating them against rabies\n * Surgically removing the tip of one ear (a \"tipped\" ear is the universally-recognized sign of a cat who has been spayed or neutered)\n * Returning the cats to their home\n\nback to top\n\n## How does TNR solve common complaints associated with feral cats?\n\n * When feral cats are trapped, neutered and returned to their territory, they no longer reproduce.\n * The cessation of sexual activity eliminates the noise associated with mating behavior and dramatically reduces fighting and the noise it causes.\n * Neutered feral cats also roam much less and become less visible and less prone to injury from cars.\n * Foul odors are greatly reduced as well because neutered male cats no longer produce testosterone which, when they are unaltered, mixes with their urine and causes the strong, pungent smell of their spraying.\n * When the colony is then monitored by a caretaker who removes and/or TNRs any newly arrived cats, the population stabilizes and gradually declines over time.\n\nback to top\n\n## Do people take care of community cats? How?\n\nMany people see a cat who seems homeless and start feeding the cat. Ideally,\nthe person quickly does more to help the cat:\n\n * If the cat is tame, the first step is to try to find the cat's owner. If the owner can't be found, step two is to try to find a permanent home for the cat through a shelter, rescue or other means.\n * If the cat is feral, unapproachable and wary after several days of feeding, it's best to find out if there are any groups doing TNR in the community so at least the cat can be spayed or neutered. The HSUS's map of feral cat organizations is a good place to start looking. If there are no local groups, step two is to consult one of the many resources that provide information about TNR.\n\nOnce a cat or colony of cats has been TNR-ed, it's ideal if a dedicated\ncaretaker provides food, water and shelter, monitors the cats for sickness or\ninjury, and TNRs new feral cats who arrive. Ideally, kittens young enough to\nbe socialized and new tame cats who arrive are removed from the colony for\npossible adoption.\n\nMany dedicated caretakers pay for TNR themselves to help improve the lives of\ncats and reduce their numbers. Without TNR and a dedicated caretaker trapping\nnew cats who show up, the population of the colony could increase.\n\nback to top\n\n## Why can't animal shelters rescue feral cats?\n\nAnimal shelters already care for and try to find homes for untold thousands of\nlost, injured and abandoned cats, in addition to pet cats whose owners are\nunable or unwilling to keep them.\n\nMany animal shelters don't have the staff or money to do TNR. However,\nshelters that receive calls of complaint or concern from the public may\nattempt to humanely trap and remove feral cats. Or they may provide\ninformation and loan traps to citizens interested in humanely trapping feral\ncats. If there is a local group helping feral cats, the shelter may refer\ncallers to that group.\n\nBecause feral cats are so scared of people and usually cannot be adopted,\nthose who are brought to a shelter, especially cats who cannot be identified\nas members of a known TNR-ed colony, are likely to be euthanized either right\naway or after a holding period. It's a complicated situation: While it's\ndifficult to accurately identify a feral cat without observing them during a\nholding period, safely caring for a feral cat in a typical shelter cage is\nterribly stressful for the cat. In addition, if cage space is limited at the\nshelter, an adoptable cat may have to be euthanized to make room to hold a\nferal cat.\n\nback to top\n\n## Would it be better if feral cats were euthanized?\n\nOpinions vary on this. Some people feel sorry for feral cats because they are\nfending for themselves. Others are annoyed by the cats' behaviors and want\nthem removed. But the majority of people don't feel that feral cats should be\neuthanized.\n\nEven if the shelter had enough people and money to remove and euthanize the\nferal cats in a community, other cats would move into the vacated territory to\ntake advantage of the food sources and shelter. The new cats would continue to\nreproduce and complaint calls would continue. Euthanasia alone won't rid an\narea of feral cats, and killing animals to control their numbers is\nincreasingly unpopular with the general public.\n\nA better approach is TNR and a dedicated caretaker. Spayed or neutered feral\ncats are healthier because they no longer have kittens or fight over mates,\nand their nuisance behaviors are greatly reduced or eliminated. If the colony\nhas a dedicated caretaker, they provide food, water and shelter and watch over\nthe cats' health and remove any newcomers for TNR (if feral) or adoption (if\ntame).\n\nTNR improves the quality of life for existing colonies, prevents the birth of\nmore cats and reduces the number of cats over time. It also may be more\neconomical than euthanasia; many groups have calculated that the costs\nassociated with TNR are considerably less than those associated with removal,\nshelter care and euthanasia of feral cats.\n\nback to top\n\n## Won't removing community cats from an area eliminate the problem?\n\nThere are many reasons cat problems are rarely solved by trapping and removing\na colony. Community cats live at a certain location because it offers food and\nshelter. If a colony is removed, cats from surrounding colonies may move in to\ntake advantage of the newly available resources. The cycle of reproduction and\nnuisance behavior begins all over again.\n\nIf all the cats in a colony are not trapped, then the ones left behind will\ntend to have larger litters of kittens. The kittens are more likely to survive\nbecause there are fewer cats competing for food. The colony's population will\ncontinue to increase until it reaches the number that can be supported by the\navailable food and shelter.\n\nHere are some of the other factors that usually make trap and removal\nineffective:\n\n * No input from the cats' caretakers, who are the only people who really know the cats' numbers and patterns and can control whether or not the cats are hungry enough to enter a baited trap\n * No volunteers to trap cats, who face an uncertain fate or death upon capture\n * Little to no animal control staff and money available to accomplish the task\n * No strategy for the difficult task of catching all the cats in a colony\n * No one watching out for pet cats who are lost or abandoned, aren't spayed or neutered and quickly repopulate a vacated territory\n\nback to top\n\n## Why don't feeding bans eliminate community cats?\n\nThe logic behind bans on feeding feral cats is that if there is no food\navailable, the cats will go away. This rarely happens.\n\nFirst, cats are territorial animals who can survive for weeks without food and\nwill not easily or quickly abandon their territory. As they grow hungrier and\nmore desperate, they tend to venture closer to homes and businesses in search\nof food. Despite the effort to starve them out, the cats will also continue to\nreproduce, resulting in the deaths of many kittens.\n\nSecond, feeding bans are nearly impossible to enforce. A person who is\ndetermined to feed the cats will usually succeed without being detected.\nRepeated experience has shown that people who care about the cats will go to\ngreat lengths, risking their homes, jobs and even their liberty to feed\nstarving animals. In addition, there may be more than one feeder and other\nsources of food, including dumpsters, garbage cans and other animals.\n\nback to top\n\n## What can I do to help outdoor cats?\n\n * If you want to know how you can help community (feral and stray) cats, go to our list of things you can do.\n * If you're interested in TNR or becoming a cat caretaker, find a community cat group or individuals who are practicing TNR or caretaking in your area to learn more.\n * If you have been letting your cats outside, make them safe, happy indoor cats who only go out when supervised on a harness and leash, or in a safe enclosure.\n * If you know people who let their cats outside, explain to them why it's safer to keep cats inside.\n * If you would like specific details about your community’s ordinances, please visit your city’s or county’s website and look for information about municipal codes. You can also request a copy of animal control ordinances from the city or county clerk. For tips on how to get ordinances and laws changed, check out our Lobbying 101 for Cats Guide.\n\nback to top\n\n * Donate\n\nPlease donate to protect feral and stray cats\n\nDonate\n\n * Sign Up\n * Take Action\n\n## Related Content\n\n### Where to Find Help for Community Cats\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### How Individuals Can Help Community Cats\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### How Organizations Can Help Community Cats\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### How Officials Can Help Community Cats\n\n### Outdoor Cats\n\nResource: Fact Sheet\n\n### The HSUS's Position on Cats\n\nView more related content\n\n * Home\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n * Contact Us\n * Newsroom\n\n### Get Connected\n\n * RSS Subscribe\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Google+\n * Tumblr\n\n### Sign Up for HSUS Email Alerts\n\n### Get HSUS Text Updates*\n\n### About Us\n\n * Blog\n * Mission Statement\n * Our Policies\n * Our Leadership\n * Accomplishments\n * Annual Report\n * F.A.Q.\n * Careers\n\n### Affiliates\n\n * Fund for Animals\n * Humane Society International\n * Humane Society Veterinary Medical Association\n * Wildlife Land Trust\n\n### Help Animals\n\n * Report an Animal Emergency\n * Report an Animal Cruelty Crime\n * Reward and Tip Lines\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Resources for Law Enforcement\n * Shelters & Shelter Services\n * Volunteer with HSUS\n * 50 Ways to Help\n\n### Take Action\n\n * Act Now\n * Our Campaigns\n * State Legislation\n * Federal Legislation\n\n### Donate\n\n * Make a Monthly Donation\n * Make a One-Time Gift\n * Create a Legacy\n * Make a Leadership Gift\n * Fundraise for Animals\n * Make a Vehicle Donation\n * Contact Philanthropy\n * Other Ways to Give\n * Donations F.A.Q.\n\n### Membership\n\n * Become a Member\n * Explore All Animals Magazine\n * Manage My Online Account\n * Membership F.A.Q.\n\n© 2018 The Humane Society of the United States\n\nThe HSUS^® is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions\nto The HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. The HSUS's tax\nidentification number is 53-0225390.\n\n*Message and data rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out. We'll text you approximately once a month. Terms & Conditions/Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.vcahospitals.com:80/main/pet-health-information/article/animal-health/retained-deciduous-teeth-baby-teeth-in-cats/2247", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161206031505/http://www.vcahospitals.com:80/main/pet-health-information/article/animal-health/retained-deciduous-teeth-baby-teeth-in-cats/2247", "parsed_text": { "title": "Retained Deciduous Teeth (Baby Teeth) in Cats", "passages": [ "Like humans, cats have two sets of teeth in their lives. There are 26 deciduous teeth, also known as their primary, baby, milk, or kitten teeth, and 30 permanent teeth, also known as their adult teeth.", "Kittens are born without any visible teeth. The deciduous teeth start erupting through the gums around three weeks of age and are normally finished erupting by four months of age. The kitten will have 26 primary teeth in all.", "A healthy mouth depends on healthy teeth. The ideal time to begin brushing a kitten’s teeth is when you first bring him home, before the discomfort of teething begins. Your veterinary health care team can help you determine the best products and methods of dental care for your kitten.", "\"The ideal time to begin brushing a kitten's teeth is when you first bring him home, before the discomfort of teething begins.\"", "In kittens, the entire teething process is relatively rapid. Teething begins in kittens at about 31⁄2 to 4 months of age, when the primary incisors begin to be replaced by permanent incisors. By the time the average kitten reaches 6- 7 months of age, all 30 adult teeth will have erupted.", "Long before adult teeth erupt through the gums, they begin developing from tooth buds located in the upper and lower jaws. As the adult teeth develop and get bigger, they begin to press against the roots of the baby teeth, stimulating the kitten’s body to begin resorbing the tooth roots. The baby tooth roots then weaken and finally disappear, leaving only the crowns behind. As the adult teeth push through the gums, the crowns of the baby teeth fall out. You may even find these hollow shells of teeth on the floor or in your kitten’s bedding, but more often than not the teeth will fall out while the kitten is eating and he will swallow them with the rest of his food.", "During the teething process, your kitten may drool, be reluctant to eat at times, and he may be irritable due to a tender mouth. Almost all kittens will have the urge to chew when they are teething. It is important that you do what you can to direct your kitten’s chewing towards acceptable objects and don't allow any chewing of people's shoes, clothes, or furniture. Avoid hard objects as they can damage the teeth.", "You may also notice a characteristic breath odor, which is associated with teething. This odor is normal and will last as long as the kitten is teething.", "\"During the teething process, your kitten may drool, be reluctant to eat at times, and he may be irritable due to a tender mouth. Almost all kittens will have the urge to chew when they are teething.\"", "A retained tooth occurs when the tooth root is either incompletely resorbed or it did not resorb at all. When this happens, the baby tooth occupies the place in the mouth that is meant for the permanent tooth, forcing the permanent tooth to erupt at an abnormal angle or in an abnormal position. The end result is often crowding or malposition of the tooth, causing an abnormal bite.", "\"A retained tooth is a deciduous or babytooth that is still present in the mouth after its replacement permanent or adult tooth has erupted.\"", "The most common teeth to be retained are the upper canine teeth, followed by the lower canine teeth and the incisors. However, in some cases, the premolar teeth may also be retained.", "If both a deciduous tooth and a permanent tooth are in the same socket in the jaw, the crowding of the two teeth will increase the likelihood that food and debris will become trapped between the teeth. This can lead to problems such as tartar deposits, tooth decay, gingivitis and periodontitis, all of which can lead to premature loss of teeth. If the root of the retained tooth has only been partly resorbed, it can become badly infected.", "If teeth are malpositioned, they can rub against other teeth, wearing away the enamel and weakening the tooth. Occasionally, a retained deciduous tooth can cause a dental interlock which may interfere with the normal growth and development of the jaw bones.", "If the retained tooth is a lower canine, the permanent lower canine is forced to grow on the inside of the lower jaw and its tip usually grows towards the roof of the mouth, causing pain and damage which makes it difficult for your cat to eat.", "\"This can lead to problems such as tartar deposits, tooth decay, gingivitis and periodontitis, all of which can lead to premature loss of teeth.\"", "No two teeth should be in the same socket at the same time. If you notice a retained tooth in your kitten's mouth, make an immediate appointment for an examination. Unless the baby tooth is very mobile, extraction is the treatment of choice. Early extraction in these cases will usually allow the adult teeth to move into their proper positions.", "Once a diagnosis and treatment plan is discussed, the extraction should be scheduled as soon as possible. There is no reason to wait until your cat gets neutered or spayed. Extraction of the retained tooth will require a general anesthesia.", "Your veterinarian will take special care during the extraction of any retained tooth to avoid damaging the immature roots of the new permanent tooth.", "If the retained primary tooth is not extracted in a timely manner, it is unlikely that the adult teeth will be able to move into their proper positions without orthodontic treatment. In these cases, or for kittens with severe malocclusion problems, it may be necessary to selectively extract other teeth or to refer your cat to a veterinary dental specialist (www.avdc.org) for orthodontic treatment to reposition the teeth. This treatment often includes the use of orthodontic buttons and elastics.", "In addition to regular tooth brushing, it is important to check your kitten's mouth every week until about seven to eight months of age to ensure that his teeth are growing normally. If you find any retained teeth, or if you suspect your kitten has an abnormal bite, bring him to your veterinary clinic immediately for an oral examination.", "We also offer free, instant access to over 1,500 related articles on your pet's health including preventive medicine, common and not so common diseases, and even informative case studies. We encourage you to read any of these popular articles below or search our extensive pet health library.", "At VCA Animal Hospitals, our veterinarians take you and your pet's health seriously. With over 600 hospitals and 1,800 fully qualified, dedicated and compassionate veterinarians, we strive to give your pet the very best in medical care. We understand your pet is an extension of you, and appreciate the opportunity to share in providing exceptional pet care and quality of life.", "Free initial health exam for new clients only. Not to be combined with any other offer. Not good toward boarding, grooming, prescription and non-prescription medication, and retail items. Not good toward emergency and/or specialty veterinary services. Coupon good for up to two pets (dogs or cats only) per household. Redeemable only at a general practice VCA Animal Hospital. For pet owners who are aged 18 and older." ] }, "parsed_md": "Retained Deciduous Teeth (Baby Teeth) in Cats | VCA Animal Hospitals\n\n## VCA Specialty Advanced Care For Pets\n\nVCA Animal Hospitals\n\n * VCA Quality Care\n * Pet Care\n\n * Cat Care\n * Dog Care\n * VCA Big Pet Project\n * VCA CareClub\n * Pet Health Information\n * Pet Adoption\n * Locations\n * News\n\nRetained Deciduous Teeth (Baby Teeth) in CatsPet Info\n\nTweet\n\nPrint\n\n## Retained Deciduous Teeth (Baby Teeth) in Cats\n\n### How many sets of teeth do cats have?\n\nLike humans, cats have two sets of teeth in their lives. There are 26\ndeciduous teeth, also known as their primary, baby, milk, or kitten teeth, and\n30 permanent teeth, also known as their adult teeth.\n\n### When do kittens get their deciduous teeth?\n\nKittens are born without any visible teeth. The deciduous teeth start erupting\nthrough the gums around three weeks of age and are normally finished erupting\nby four months of age. The kitten will have 26 primary teeth in all.\n\nA healthy mouth depends on healthy teeth. The ideal time to begin brushing a\nkitten’s teeth is when you first bring him home, before the discomfort of\nteething begins. Your veterinary health care team can help you determine the\nbest products and methods of dental care for your kitten.\n\n> \"The ideal time to begin brushing a kitten's teeth is when you first bring\n> him home, before the discomfort of teething begins.\"\n\n### When do kittens get their permanent teeth?\n\nIn kittens, the entire teething process is relatively rapid. Teething begins\nin kittens at about 31⁄2 to 4 months of age, when the primary incisors begin\nto be replaced by permanent incisors. By the time the average kitten reaches\n6- 7 months of age, all 30 adult teeth will have erupted.\n\n### What happens during teething?\n\nLong before adult teeth erupt through the gums, they begin developing from\ntooth buds located in the upper and lower jaws. As the adult teeth develop and\nget bigger, they begin to press against the roots of the baby teeth,\nstimulating the kitten’s body to begin resorbing the tooth roots. The baby\ntooth roots then weaken and finally disappear, leaving only the crowns behind.\nAs the adult teeth push through the gums, the crowns of the baby teeth fall\nout. You may even find these hollow shells of teeth on the floor or in your\nkitten’s bedding, but more often than not the teeth will fall out while the\nkitten is eating and he will swallow them with the rest of his food.\n\nDuring the teething process, your kitten may drool, be reluctant to eat at\ntimes, and he may be irritable due to a tender mouth. Almost all kittens will\nhave the urge to chew when they are teething. It is important that you do what\nyou can to direct your kitten’s chewing towards acceptable objects and don't\nallow any chewing of people's shoes, clothes, or furniture. Avoid hard objects\nas they can damage the teeth.\n\nYou may also notice a characteristic breath odor, which is associated with\nteething. This odor is normal and will last as long as the kitten is teething.\n\n> \"During the teething process, your kitten may drool, be reluctant to eat at\n> times, and he may be irritable due to a tender mouth. Almost all kittens\n> will have the urge to chew when they are teething.\"\n\n### What is a retained tooth?\n\nA retained tooth occurs when the tooth root is either incompletely resorbed or\nit did not resorb at all. When this happens, the baby tooth occupies the place\nin the mouth that is meant for the permanent tooth, forcing the permanent\ntooth to erupt at an abnormal angle or in an abnormal position. The end result\nis often crowding or malposition of the tooth, causing an abnormal bite.\n\n> \"A retained tooth is a deciduous or babytooth that is still present in the\n> mouth after its replacement permanent or adult tooth has erupted.\"\n\n### Which deciduous teeth are more commonly retained?\n\nThe most common teeth to be retained are the upper canine teeth, followed by\nthe lower canine teeth and the incisors. However, in some cases, the premolar\nteeth may also be retained.\n\n### What problems are caused by retained teeth?\n\nIf both a deciduous tooth and a permanent tooth are in the same socket in the\njaw, the crowding of the two teeth will increase the likelihood that food and\ndebris will become trapped between the teeth. This can lead to problems such\nas tartar deposits, tooth decay, gingivitis and periodontitis, all of which\ncan lead to premature loss of teeth. If the root of the retained tooth has\nonly been partly resorbed, it can become badly infected.\n\nIf teeth are malpositioned, they can rub against other teeth, wearing away the\nenamel and weakening the tooth. Occasionally, a retained deciduous tooth can\ncause a dental interlock which may interfere with the normal growth and\ndevelopment of the jaw bones.\n\nIf the retained tooth is a lower canine, the permanent lower canine is forced\nto grow on the inside of the lower jaw and its tip usually grows towards the\nroof of the mouth, causing pain and damage which makes it difficult for your\ncat to eat.\n\n> \"This can lead to problems such as tartar deposits, tooth decay, gingivitis\n> and periodontitis, all of which can lead to premature loss of teeth.\"\n\n### When and how are retained teeth treated?\n\nNo two teeth should be in the same socket at the same time. If you notice a\nretained tooth in your kitten's mouth, make an immediate appointment for an\nexamination. Unless the baby tooth is very mobile, extraction is the treatment\nof choice. Early extraction in these cases will usually allow the adult teeth\nto move into their proper positions.\n\nOnce a diagnosis and treatment plan is discussed, the extraction should be\nscheduled as soon as possible. There is no reason to wait until your cat gets\nneutered or spayed. Extraction of the retained tooth will require a general\nanesthesia.\n\nYour veterinarian will take special care during the extraction of any retained\ntooth to avoid damaging the immature roots of the new permanent tooth.\n\n> \"Early extraction in these cases will usually allow the adult teeth to move\n> into their proper positions.\"\n\n### What happens if there is a delay before the retained tooth is extracted?\n\nIf the retained primary tooth is not extracted in a timely manner, it is\nunlikely that the adult teeth will be able to move into their proper positions\nwithout orthodontic treatment. In these cases, or for kittens with severe\nmalocclusion problems, it may be necessary to selectively extract other teeth\nor to refer your cat to a veterinary dental specialist (www.avdc.org) for\northodontic treatment to reposition the teeth. This treatment often includes\nthe use of orthodontic buttons and elastics.\n\n### Is there anything else I should know?\n\nIn addition to regular tooth brushing, it is important to check your kitten's\nmouth every week until about seven to eight months of age to ensure that his\nteeth are growing normally. If you find any retained teeth, or if you suspect\nyour kitten has an abnormal bite, bring him to your veterinary clinic\nimmediately for an oral examination.\n\nThis client information sheet is based on material written by: Jan Bellows,\nDVM, Dipl. AVDC, ABVP \n \n--- \n \n### Related Tags\n\nteeth, tooth, retained, kitten, cats, adult, kittens, permanent, primary,\ndeciduous, teething, dental, incisors, tarter, tartar\n\nIf you are a new client, you can get a free first exam* on your first visit.\n\nFree First Exam\n\nGet to know us by visiting one of our neighborhood hospitals.\n\nLocate a Hospital\n\n### Looking to learn more?\n\nWe also offer free, instant access to over 1,500 related articles on your\npet's health including preventive medicine, common and not so common diseases,\nand even informative case studies. We encourage you to read any of these\npopular articles below or search our extensive pet health library.\n\n### Most Popular Articles\n\n * Giardia in Dogs\n * Grape and Raisin Toxicity in Dogs\n * Feline Upper Respiratory Infection\n * Heartworms in Dogs\n * Ticks in Dogs\n\n * Roundworms in Dogs\n * Caring for Newborn Puppies\n * Feline Calicivirus Infection\n * Hornerâ€TMs Syndrome in Dogs\n * Colitis in Dogs\n\n### About our approach to exceptional pet health care\n\nAt VCA Animal Hospitals, our veterinarians take you and your pet's health\nseriously. With over 600 hospitals and 1,800 fully qualified, dedicated and\ncompassionate veterinarians, we strive to give your pet the very best in\nmedical care. We understand your pet is an extension of you, and appreciate\nthe opportunity to share in providing exceptional pet care and quality of\nlife.\n\n* Free initial health exam for new clients only. Not to be combined with any other offer. Not good toward boarding, grooming, prescription and non-prescription medication, and retail items. Not good toward emergency and/or specialty veterinary services. Coupon good for up to two pets (dogs or cats only) per household. Redeemable only at a general practice VCA Animal Hospital. For pet owners who are aged 18 and older.\n\nIf you are a new client, you can get a free first exam* on your first visit.\n\nFree First Exam\n\nGet to know us by visiting one of our neighborhood hospitals.\n\nLocate a Hospital\n\n * Home\n * VCA Quality Care\n * Pet Care\n * Pet Health Information\n * Locations\n * Careers\n * CareCredit Financing\n\n * News\n * About VCA\n * Contact Us\n * Copyright\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n\n * Free First Exam\n * Home Delivery\n * Locate a VCA Hospital\n\n * VCA Inc.\n * VCA Charities\n * Pet Adoption\n\n##### Pet Owner Empowerment\n\nCLOSE\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aspca.org/animal-homelessness/shelter-intake-and-surrender/closer-look-community-cats", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210502210543/https://www.aspca.org/animal-homelessness/shelter-intake-and-surrender/closer-look-community-cats", "parsed_text": { "title": "A Closer Look at Community Cats", "passages": [ "While the number of community cats in the United States is estimated to be in the tens of millions, sadly, many communities still opt to control populations using outdated, ineffective methods—including lethal elimination or relocation. Community cats who end up in shelters make up a large percentage of cats euthanized throughout the country every year. The ASPCA endorses Trap- Neuter-Return-Monitor (TNRM) as the only proven humane and effective method to manage community cat colonies.", "“Community Cats” is a term used to describe outdoor, unowned, free-roaming cats. These cats could be friendly, feral, adults, kittens, healthy, sick, altered and/or unaltered. They may or may not have a caregiver. By this definition, the only outdoor free-roaming cats who are not community cats are those who have an owner.", "Community cats face eradication by humans. Poison, trapping, gassing and steel leg-hold traps are all ways that humans—including some animal control and government agencies—try to kill off community cat populations.", "If a community cat survives kittenhood, his average lifespan is less than two years if living on his own. If a cat is lucky enough to be in a colony that has a caretaker, he may reach 10 years. Community cats who live in a managed colony—a colony with a dedicated caretaker who provides spay/neuter services, regular feedings and proper shelter—can live a quite content life.", "TNRM is the method of humanely trapping community cats, having them spayed or neutered and vaccinated against rabies, and then returning them to their colony to live out their lives. TNRM also involves a colony caretaker who provides food and adequate shelter and monitors the cats' health. TNRM has been shown to be the least costly and the most humane, efficient way of stabilizing community cat populations. TNRM helps stabilize the population of community colonies and, over time, reduces them. Nuisance behaviors such as spraying, excessive noisemaking and fighting are largely eliminated and no additional kittens are born.", "By stabilizing the population, cats will naturally have more space, shelter and food and fewer risks of disease. After being spayed or neutered, cats living in colonies tend to gain weight and live healthier lives. Spayed cats are less likely to develop breast cancer and will not be at risk for ovarian or uterine cancer, while neutered males will not get testicular cancer. Neutering male cats also reduces the risk of injury and infection, since intact males have a natural instinct to fight with other cats. Spaying also means female cats do not go into heat. That means they attract fewer tom cats to the area, which reduces fighting.", "A community colony caretaker is an individual (or group of individuals) who manages one or more community colonies in a community. The caretaker keeps an eye on the cats—providing food, water and shelter, spaying/neutering and emergency medical care. Some shelters and rescue groups even give out free or low-cost spay/neuter coupons to colony caretakers.", "Offer your assistance to established colony caretakers. Ongoing needs include feeding, trapping, transportation to and from the veterinarian, temporary housing for cats after surgery, and fostering and socializing kittens for the purpose of finding them good homes.", "Start with the cats in your own backyard—educate yourself about TNRM and learn to trap cats and have them spayed or neutered.", "It is important to trap community kittens and, whenever possible, foster and socialize them until they are old enough to be adopted out. Whenever possible, kittens should continue to nurse until four weeks old—this can be done in captivity.", "Do not let community kittens run loose—they can hide in tiny spaces and are exceptionally difficult to find and catch. Confine the kittens in a dog crate, cat condo or cage with a small litter box, food, water and something snuggly to cuddle in.", "Food is the key to socializing. Give the kittens a small amount of wet food by hand at least twice a day—eventually the kittens will associate your presence with food. For those who are more wild, start by offering baby food or wet food on a spoon through the cage.", "Younger and less wild kittens can be picked up right away. Make a kitty burrito by wrapping a kitten in a towel, allowing her head to stick out. Once the kittens no longer run away from you but instead come toward you seeking to be fed, held and petted, you can confine them to a small room.", "Do not feed the cats for a full 36 hours before trapping, as they must be hungry to enter the trap.", "Human-grade tuna, mackerel, sardines and salmon work well as bait. Avoid canned cat food. Place the food inside the trap, behind the trip plate, so the cat is sure to step on it when eating.", "Ask that the cat be ear-tipped—have the tip of one ear snipped during surgery—to help future rescuers identify him. This is a painless and risk-free procedure.", "Ear-tipping is a widely accepted means of marking a community cat who has been spayed or neutered. It also often identifies them as being part of a colony with a caretaker. Ear-tipping is the humane, safe surgical removal of the top quarter-inch of the left ear. The procedure is performed by a licensed veterinarian, typically during the spay/neuter surgery and rarely requires aftercare. Ear-tipping prevents an already-spayed or neutered cat the stress of re-trapping and an unnecessary surgery.", "To help your cats be better neighbors to your neighbors, kindness and patience are key. Find out what about the cats is bothering your neighbors and work with them on those specific issues. Let them know that TNRM offers a solution that helps both the cats and the human residents.", "Present information in a reasonable, professional manner and address individual complaints by listening patiently. Always maintain a constructive, problem-solving attitude.", "Explain diplomatically that the cats have lived at the site for a long time and that they have been or will be sterilized, which will cut back on annoying behaviors.", "Sprays, motion-activated sprinklers and ultrasonic animal repellents, coupled with TNRM and ongoing management, can help you and your neighbors coexist with your neighborhood cats. Just make sure your product of choice is nontoxic to animals.", "Community cats are not adoptable and shelters rarely will accept them. The fact is, most community cats exhibit wild, shy or frightened behavior, and it's impossible to predict how or if they will ever acclimate to indoor life. While a community cat might look exactly the same as a pet cat, community cats survive by avoiding close human interaction. When properly cared for, community cats are happier outdoors in their own territory.", "Some semi-community cats are actually stray cats who don't exhibit quite the same shy behavior as the majority of community cats. Occasionally, these cats are born in the wild but, for no particular reason are less fearful of humans than is typical. Many semi-community cats lack the knowledge to survive on their own, and are often rejected by established colonies. It is possible for some of these cats to be socialized, but it depends on their trust of humans. It is very important to take caution, especially with cats who seem to straddle the fence between community and friendly. Getting them to trust people again might be hard, making them extremely difficult to adopt out.", "Eradication: The deliberate and systematic destruction of a community cat colony, by whatever method, almost always leads to the “vacuum effect”—either new cats flock to the vacated area to exploit whatever food source attracted the original inhabitants, or survivors breed and their descendants are more cautious around threats. Simply put, eradication is only a temporary fix that sacrifices animals' lives unnecessarily, yet yields no positive or beneficial return.", "Relocation: Many communities have rounded up colonies of community cats either for euthanasia or to relocate them to another area. This does not work, because community cats are very connected with their territory: They are familiar with its food sources and places that offer shelter, as well as resident wildlife, other cats in the area, and potential threats to their safety. Even when all community cats are removed, which is difficult to achieve, new cats will soon move in and set up camp.", "Relocation is something to consider only if keeping the cats where they are becomes a threat to their lives, such as their territory being demolished and there is no adjacent space to shift them to, or if the cats' lives would be at extreme risk should they remain where they are.", "© 2021 American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. All rights reserved. The ASPCA is a 501(c)(3) non-for-profit organization. Privacy Policy Legal Info" ] }, "parsed_md": "A Closer Look at Community Cats | Stray Cats | TNR | ASPCA\n\nSkip to content\n\nASPCA\n\n * Key Issues\n\n * Animal Homelessness\n * Animal Cruelty\n * Our Response\n\n * Animal Rescue\n * Animal Placement\n * Animal Protection\n * How You Can Help\n\n * Ways to Give\n * Fundraise with Team ASPCA\n * Take Action\n * Adopt a Pet\n\n## Primary Nav Menu\n\n * Key Issues\n\n * Animal Homelessness\n * Animal Cruelty\n * Our Response\n\n * Animal Rescue\n * Animal Placement\n * Animal Protection\n * How You Can Help\n\n * Ways to Give\n * Fundraise with Team ASPCA\n * Take Action\n * Adopt a Pet\n\n * About Us\n * Adopt\n * NYC\n * News\n * ASPCA Pro\n\nDonate\n\n# A Closer Look at Community Cats\n\n### Common Misconceptions and Ways to Help\n\nWhile the number of community cats in the United States is estimated to be in\nthe tens of millions, sadly, many communities still opt to control populations\nusing outdated, ineffective methods—including lethal elimination or\nrelocation. Community cats who end up in shelters make up a large percentage\nof cats euthanized throughout the country every year. The ASPCA endorses Trap-\nNeuter-Return-Monitor (TNRM) as the only proven humane and effective method to\nmanage community cat colonies.\n\n### What is a Community Cat?\n\n“Community Cats” is a term used to describe outdoor, unowned, free-roaming\ncats. These cats could be friendly, feral, adults, kittens, healthy, sick,\naltered and/or unaltered. They may or may not have a caregiver. By this\ndefinition, the only outdoor free-roaming cats who are not community cats are\nthose who have an owner.\n\n### Community Cats Face Many Challenges:\n\n * They must endure weather extremes such as cold and snow, heat and rain.\n * Community cats face starvation, infection and attacks by other animals.\n * Unfortunately, almost half of the kittens born outdoors die from disease, exposure or parasites before their first year.\n * Community cats face eradication by humans. Poison, trapping, gassing and steel leg-hold traps are all ways that humans—including some animal control and government agencies—try to kill off community cat populations.\n\nIf a community cat survives kittenhood, his average lifespan is less than two\nyears if living on his own. If a cat is lucky enough to be in a colony that\nhas a caretaker, he may reach 10 years. Community cats who live in a managed\ncolony—a colony with a dedicated caretaker who provides spay/neuter services,\nregular feedings and proper shelter—can live a quite content life.\n\n### Utilizing Trap-Neuter-Return-Monitor (TNRM) to Manage Community Cat\nColonies\n\nTNRM is the method of humanely trapping community cats, having them spayed or\nneutered and vaccinated against rabies, and then returning them to their\ncolony to live out their lives. TNRM also involves a colony caretaker who\nprovides food and adequate shelter and monitors the cats' health. TNRM has\nbeen shown to be the least costly and the most humane, efficient way of\nstabilizing community cat populations. TNRM helps stabilize the population of\ncommunity colonies and, over time, reduces them. Nuisance behaviors such as\nspraying, excessive noisemaking and fighting are largely eliminated and no\nadditional kittens are born.\n\nBy stabilizing the population, cats will naturally have more space, shelter\nand food and fewer risks of disease. After being spayed or neutered, cats\nliving in colonies tend to gain weight and live healthier lives. Spayed cats\nare less likely to develop breast cancer and will not be at risk for ovarian\nor uterine cancer, while neutered males will not get testicular cancer.\nNeutering male cats also reduces the risk of injury and infection, since\nintact males have a natural instinct to fight with other cats. Spaying also\nmeans female cats do not go into heat. That means they attract fewer tom cats\nto the area, which reduces fighting.\n\n### How to Help Community Cats and Kittens in Your Area\n\nA community colony caretaker is an individual (or group of individuals) who\nmanages one or more community colonies in a community. The caretaker keeps an\neye on the cats—providing food, water and shelter, spaying/neutering and\nemergency medical care. Some shelters and rescue groups even give out free or\nlow-cost spay/neuter coupons to colony caretakers.\n\n### If You’d Like to Get Involved:\n\n * Offer your assistance to established colony caretakers. Ongoing needs include feeding, trapping, transportation to and from the veterinarian, temporary housing for cats after surgery, and fostering and socializing kittens for the purpose of finding them good homes.\n * Contact local shelters or welfare groups to see if a TNRM workshop is available in your area.\n * Start with the cats in your own backyard—educate yourself about TNRM and learn to trap cats and have them spayed or neutered.\n\n### How to Help Community Kittens:\n\n * It is important to trap community kittens and, whenever possible, foster and socialize them until they are old enough to be adopted out. Whenever possible, kittens should continue to nurse until four weeks old—this can be done in captivity.\n * Do not let community kittens run loose—they can hide in tiny spaces and are exceptionally difficult to find and catch. Confine the kittens in a dog crate, cat condo or cage with a small litter box, food, water and something snuggly to cuddle in.\n * Food is the key to socializing. Give the kittens a small amount of wet food by hand at least twice a day—eventually the kittens will associate your presence with food. For those who are more wild, start by offering baby food or wet food on a spoon through the cage.\n * Younger and less wild kittens can be picked up right away. Make a kitty burrito by wrapping a kitten in a towel, allowing her head to stick out. Once the kittens no longer run away from you but instead come toward you seeking to be fed, held and petted, you can confine them to a small room.\n * Be sure to expose the kitten to a variety of people.\n\n### Basic Tips to Help with TNRM Rescue\n\nTo get started, take our training or visit the Alley Cat Allies online\ncommunity for ideas and expertise.\n\n### A Few Additional Tips:\n\n * When possible, trap in dry, temperate weather.\n * Do not feed the cats for a full 36 hours before trapping, as they must be hungry to enter the trap.\n * If you'll be trapping in an area where pet cats are roaming, please inform your neighbors.\n * Human-grade tuna, mackerel, sardines and salmon work well as bait. Avoid canned cat food. Place the food inside the trap, behind the trip plate, so the cat is sure to step on it when eating.\n * Transport the trapped cat to your veterinarian for spaying or neutering immediately upon capture.\n * To reduce anxiety, place a sheet or towel over the trap so the cat feels secure.\n * Ask that the cat be ear-tipped—have the tip of one ear snipped during surgery—to help future rescuers identify him. This is a painless and risk-free procedure.\n\n### What is Ear-Tipping and Why Is It Important?\n\nEar-tipping is a widely accepted means of marking a community cat who has been\nspayed or neutered. It also often identifies them as being part of a colony\nwith a caretaker. Ear-tipping is the humane, safe surgical removal of the top\nquarter-inch of the left ear. The procedure is performed by a licensed\nveterinarian, typically during the spay/neuter surgery and rarely requires\naftercare. Ear-tipping prevents an already-spayed or neutered cat the stress\nof re-trapping and an unnecessary surgery.\n\n### How to Deal with Difficult Neighbors\n\nTo help your cats be better neighbors to your neighbors, kindness and patience\nare key. Find out what about the cats is bothering your neighbors and work\nwith them on those specific issues. Let them know that TNRM offers a solution\nthat helps both the cats and the human residents.\n\n### Pointers to Consider When Interacting With Difficult Neighbors:\n\n * Establish a friendly relationship with people living near a community cat colony.\n * Present information in a reasonable, professional manner and address individual complaints by listening patiently. Always maintain a constructive, problem-solving attitude.\n * Explain diplomatically that the cats have lived at the site for a long time and that they have been or will be sterilized, which will cut back on annoying behaviors.\n * Explain that if the present colony is removed, the problems will recur with new cats.\n\nSprays, motion-activated sprinklers and ultrasonic animal repellents, coupled\nwith TNRM and ongoing management, can help you and your neighbors coexist with\nyour neighborhood cats. Just make sure your product of choice is nontoxic to\nanimals.\n\n### Will Animal Shelters Adopt Out Community Cats?\n\nCommunity cats are not adoptable and shelters rarely will accept them. The\nfact is, most community cats exhibit wild, shy or frightened behavior, and\nit's impossible to predict how or if they will ever acclimate to indoor life.\nWhile a community cat might look exactly the same as a pet cat, community cats\nsurvive by avoiding close human interaction. When properly cared for,\ncommunity cats are happier outdoors in their own territory.\n\nSome semi-community cats are actually stray cats who don't exhibit quite the\nsame shy behavior as the majority of community cats. Occasionally, these cats\nare born in the wild but, for no particular reason are less fearful of humans\nthan is typical. Many semi-community cats lack the knowledge to survive on\ntheir own, and are often rejected by established colonies. It is possible for\nsome of these cats to be socialized, but it depends on their trust of humans.\nIt is very important to take caution, especially with cats who seem to\nstraddle the fence between community and friendly. Getting them to trust\npeople again might be hard, making them extremely difficult to adopt out.\n\n### Ineffective Methods for Managing Community Cat Populations\n\nEradication: The deliberate and systematic destruction of a community cat\ncolony, by whatever method, almost always leads to the “vacuum effect”—either\nnew cats flock to the vacated area to exploit whatever food source attracted\nthe original inhabitants, or survivors breed and their descendants are more\ncautious around threats. Simply put, eradication is only a temporary fix that\nsacrifices animals' lives unnecessarily, yet yields no positive or beneficial\nreturn.\n\nRelocation: Many communities have rounded up colonies of community cats either\nfor euthanasia or to relocate them to another area. This does not work,\nbecause community cats are very connected with their territory: They are\nfamiliar with its food sources and places that offer shelter, as well as\nresident wildlife, other cats in the area, and potential threats to their\nsafety. Even when all community cats are removed, which is difficult to\nachieve, new cats will soon move in and set up camp.\n\nRelocation is something to consider only if keeping the cats where they are\nbecomes a threat to their lives, such as their territory being demolished and\nthere is no adjacent space to shift them to, or if the cats' lives would be at\nextreme risk should they remain where they are.\n\n### Take Action\n\nJoin the ASPCA in the fight against animal cruelty today. Donate\n\n### Other Ways to Help:\n\n * Become a Monthly Member\n * Take the Cruelty Pledge\n * Join the Mobile Action Team\n\n## Share this page:\n\n### Help the ASPCA Put a Stop to Animal Cruelty\n\nDonate\n\nASPCA\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Contact\n * Press\n * Strategic Cause Partnerships\n * Pet Care\n * Shop\n\n© 2021 American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. All rights\nreserved. The ASPCA is a 501(c)(3) non-for-profit organization. Privacy Policy\nLegal Info\n\nFacebookTwitterYoutubeInstagramPinterest\n\n#### Our Partnerships\n\n * Subaru\n\nExclusive Subaru VIP offer for ASPCA Guardians & Founders.\n\n * ASPCA Pet Health Insurance\n\nUnderwritten by United States Fire Insurance Company\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://urbancatleague.org/TamingFerals", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210309164937/http://urbancatleague.org/TamingFerals", "parsed_text": { "title": "Socialized Cat Guide", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Taming Ferals - UrbanCatLeague\n\n# Taming Ferals !\n\n * About Us\n\n * Success Stories\n\n * Feral FAQ\n\n * Taming Ferals\n\n * Winter Cat Shelters\n\n * Donate!\n\n * Join Our Mailing List\n\nTo learn about Taming Ferals, watch our video Tough Love, Socializing Feral\nKittens and read the Taming guidelines below as well as checking out the many\ntips for living with feral cats on our blog\nhttp://www.socialferals.blogspot.com/ (For a much more in-depth, printer-\nfriendly version of these Guidelines, click here.)\n\nSome Helpful Guidelines for Taming Feral Kittens\n\nKittens under 8 weeks can usually be socialized without much difficulty\nfollowing the guidelines detailed below. Kittens over 8 weeks of age who've\nhad no positive interaction with humans often take much longer to socialize.\nHowever, these same guidelines are often effective up to 6 months and often\neven with adult ferals.\n\nLocation - The best places to socialize kittens are anywhere where the\nsocializer can get on the same level and comfortably interact with the kittens\nwithout the kittens feeling towered over, \"backed into a corner,\" or hiding\nout of reach. Many large-dog kennels are roomy enough for the socializer to\nsit inside and have the added advantage of more frequent exposure to typical\nhuman activity if placed in a busy room of the house. Most bathrooms work very\nwell although they are isolated from continual household activity. A small\nroom without hiding spots under couches and beds or behind furniture can also\nwork very well. Radio and television sounds can contribute to getting outdoor\nferals accustomed to the indoor environment.\n\nThe double decker wire catteries on wheels can work very well to start\nsocialization but at some point you must let the kittens out in a confined\nspace where they can choose to approach you. They can be wheeled into a small\nroom to be let out for hands on work or wheeled back into the living area for\nexposure to general activity between socialization sessions. Try to choose the\nset up which gives the kittens the most \"quality\" exposure to you and\nhousehold activity.\n\nSmall cages or carriers don't work well since the cats always feel cornered\nwhen we reach in and they have no room to make the important \"mind shift\"\nwhere THEY choose to approach US out of self-interest in order to get the food\nthey desire. They need to have the option NOT to be near you in order to make\nthat decision to approach. We have some limited equipment information on our\nwebsite where to obtain traps, handling gloves and socialization pens.\n\nCATS SOCIALIZE THEMSELVES BY CHOICE. We only provide the incentive... FOOD!\n\nFOOD is the most important tool to facilitate the socialization process.\nGrowing kittens have an insatiable appetite which will give them the courage\nto approach you and be touched when they might normally never allow you\nanywhere near them. NEVER put food down and walk away. It takes away any\nincentive for them to welcome you into their world. NO FREE RIDES!\n\nThe following guidelines are not \"hard, fast rules.\" You may find that the\nkittens skip to advanced stages very quickly or you may find they follow a\nsequence of their own design.\n\n 1. Evaluation - If the kittens are healthy, using the litter box, and will eat in front of you, you can safely begin delaying meals just enough to give you the advantage of hunger. (If not, you may decide to give them a \"free ride\" until this situation stabilizes. Once they seem calmer or the vet gives the OK, you may begin the \"tough love\" stage of socialization where you space out the meals so that the kittens are eager to learn.)\n\n 2. Tough Love - Never put food down and walk away. If the kittens will eat in your presence, progressively pull the dish as close to you as possible. Stay with the kittens until they have finished eating and then take any remaining food away with you when you leave. Always leave water of course, but NO FOOD unless you are there with them.\n\n 3. Eating off your finger - When the kittens have progressed to eating from a dish right beside you with your hand touching the dish, start offering something tasty off your finger. Gerber or Beechnut baby food are favorites in Turkey, Chicken or Beef flavors. You may want to try this in place of step 2 if they won't move close to you to eat from the dish. The order is of no importance as long as they are improving on some level. Be flexible but don't let them hold you hostage at the stage of their choice. \"Get tough,\" and make them work for it. Until they realize the Baby Food's consistency, they may want to gulp bites before they learn to lick it. Let them learn to lick from a spoon, popsicle stick or tongue depressor if they want to chew your finger instead of lick at first. They figure out to lick not bite quickly, but in the meantime, ouch! Your hand reaching close to them, without them retreating in fear is the lesson they are learning through hand feeding.\n\n 4. Lead them onto your lap - Once they are used to eating off your finger, use that to lead them up into contact with your body by their choice. You can also try putting a dish in your lap and let the entire litter climb up onto you to eat. The braver ones will start and the shy ones may need to be worked with individually at their level. Lead the braver ones as close as possible and see if they will make eye contact with you while licking from your finger. That's a biggie for them! Put the fast learners in a carrier to work with the shier ones. Put a dish inside and close the door on them, if they aren't quite ready to be picked up easily.\n\n 5. Initiate Contact - Initiate contact at the beginning of a session where the kittens are particularly hungry and eagerly engrossed in eating. Start with them eating from a dish or while eating off the finger and eventually progress to touching them and petting while they are in your lap eating. Start in the head and shoulder area only. If s/he runs off, lure them back with baby food on the finger and any bad experience should be soon forgotten. (This approach to handle mistakes works at any stage. Back up to a stage that they've mastered and work back up to where they \"freaked-out.\" Don't stop the session until they've forgotten the bad experience and are happily doing one of the steps with which they feel comfortable.)\n\nCheck out video footage of these techniques in action in part 2 of Tough Love\nthe accompanying video to this page.\n\n 6. Preparation for lifting - Expand petting and touching around the head and shoulders by moving to touching the underbelly to desensitize them for being picked up. Also try nudging them from one side to the other while they are engrossed in eating. Just having your hands near them and gently pushing them around is an important preparation to being picked up.\n\n 7. Moving on the ground - Set up two dishes and gently lift/scoot a kitten the short distance from one dish to the other, very close to the ground. If the kitten is engrossed in eating s/he won't mind being lifted if it goes smoothly and quickly. If not, lure 'em back, back up and start over.\n\n 8. Picking them up - Start sitting on the floor so the first real lift is still close to the floor from their point of view. Have a full jar of baby food opened and ready before you try the first pick-up. Try it when they are engrossed in eating right next to you rather than scrambling after them on the run. Lift them under their chest with a small dish of food RIGHT IN FRONT OF THEIR NOSE the whole time. Hold them as loosely as possible onto your knees and eventually to your chest. Young kittens are often reassured if they feel the warmth of your body and can feel your heart beat when held against your chest. If it works you can try it up onto your knees the next day and eventually standing up. Make sure they are very comfortable with the small lifts before you ever bend down from towering above them and picking them up fully standing. When you can do that, you're home free!\n\n 9. Handling w/o food - After a good long session where the kitten(s) are very full and getting sleepy, try gentle petting and work up to holding and petting without the incentive of food being present. If this works you should be able to try it at other times between meals. It may be hardest just before feeding when the kittens are very hungry and confused and stressed by being held when they have only food on their minds. There's usually at least one \"love bug\" in every litter that will give you hope for the others.\n\n 10. Transition to adoption - Before putting them in a cage in an adoption center, test them with a few different socializers. If the volunteers at the adoption center can continue the baby food training there is often a smooth transition. Older and especially shy kittens do better when they go directly to an adoption and bypass the adoption center altogether. A crash course in socializing for the adopting family may be needed to assure that the transition to the home goes well. If the adopter starts them in the bathroom rather than turning the kittens loose to the run of the house, it will assure that they can bond with the kittens and that the kittens will know where the litter box is. If not the kittens often run off under the couch to hide for the foreseeable future. Give them a copy of this so they can understand what they kittens have accomplished and how they can continue the progress.\n\nINTERACTIVE PLAY - \"Most\" feral kittens are frightened by interactive play\nwhen first exposed to humans. There is no rule for when to introduce it, or\nwhen they will accept it, but the best way to start is with a toy which isn't\ntoo threatening. A string on the end of a stick or some toy that allows you to\nentice them from a distance, allows them to get involved with your game\nwithout being face to face with you. Some people have found that interactive\nplay was the breakthrough activity much more so than using food. Be flexible\nto discover what breaks the ice best and branch out from that. Use whatever\nproves to be their favorite thing as a reward for new steps or to break\nthrough a plateau. Once a step has been mastered, only offer regular food as a\nreward for that step saving the favorite treat for breaking into new\nterritory. Remember the Mantra \"Tough Love.\"\n\nFor more information about other approaches to cat/kitten socialization,\nplease view these other resources:\n\nhttp://cats.about.com/library/guest/ucfeature4b.htm\nhttp://catnet.stanford.edu/articles/socializing_ferals.html\nhttp://www.humanesociety.org/issues/feral_cats/\n\n### To learn UCL's tips on safely medicating feral kittens, click here.\n\n * adopt\n\n * spay/neuter\n\n * links\n\n * adopt\n\n * spay/neuter\n\n * links\n\n * contact\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n\n" } ]
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How To Make Oat Flour
You can make oat flour with as much unflavored oats as you want, just remember that you'll generally wind up with 3/4 of the volume of oats you started with. Once you have your oats, use a blender or food processor to pulse the oats for 30 seconds or until the oats are fine and powdery, like traditional flour. Mix the oat flour and pulse a few more times to make sure there are no stray, whole oats. Use the oat flour immediately or store it in an airtight container. Oat flour will stay good for 3 months in a cabinet, or 6 months in the freezer.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20191002074103/http://pixiedustkitchen.com:80/2014/01/27/diy-homemade-oat-flour/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190727202136/http://brighteyedbaker.com/confessions101/diy-oat-flour/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210211191550/http://www.thecookinginn.com/flour.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190406104640/http://bakingbites.com:80/2008/08/flour-storage-tips/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200925203200/https://home-cure.net/best-home-remedies-to-stop-heavy-periods-menstrual-bleeding/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160306174741/http://www.cureceliacdisease.org:80/archives/faq/do-oats-contain-gluten", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419230033/https://www.momables.com/how-to-make-oat-flour/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411003421/https://www.bakeinfo.co.nz/Facts/Gluten/What-role-does-gluten-play-in-bread-making-", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210420012632/https://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--1039/flour-storage-guide.asp", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210425163921/http://www.thekitchn.com/whats-the-difference-between-steel-cut-rolled-and-instant-oats-138355", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210227125815/https://www.bobsredmill.com/whole-grain-oat-flour.html" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://pixiedustkitchen.com:80/2014/01/27/diy-homemade-oat-flour/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191002074103/http://pixiedustkitchen.com:80/2014/01/27/diy-homemade-oat-flour/", "parsed_text": { "title": "DIY: Homemade Oat Flour", "passages": [ "The other day I was baking some cookies (which will be posted later this week!) and was a bit overzealous. Instead of making sure I had enough ingredients, I just started baking. I got everything together, mixed it all up, added the flour... and realized I was 1/2 cup short.", "Rather than running back out to the store, (because seriously, gas is expensive here!) I saw my jar of oats from breakfast that morning and decided to make oat flour! And it couldn’t be simpler. All you need is oats, (rolled or quick-cooking), and a food processor. I’m sure a blender would work just as well, you’ll just most likely have to blend the oats for longer than with a food processor.", "This is not cup-for-cup, (as far as I know, I did not use it cup for cup. I used 3/4 cup for what would be 1/2 cup of all- purpose flour. I have not tried it exactly cup for cup.) so I would stick to using recipe that have been designed for gluten free flours.", "This is not automatically gluten free. To make sure that your flour is gluten free, use certified gluten free oats.", "I started with two cups of rolled oats, and ended up with 1 and 1/2 cup of flour. I store mine in a mason jar, but any air tight container will work.", "This is an awesome idea! I haven’t really experimented with other flours aside from all purpose and whole wheat, but I’ve been thinking about it recently. And I just got a food processor so this gives me another reason to play with it. 🙂 Beth @ bethcakes recently posted...Whiskey Sour Cupcakes", "This is actually such a lifesaver! I can’t tell you how many times I’ve been baking and run out of one ingredient or another (flour is pretty common). I bet cookies taste even better with the flour combination just because it adds an extra layer of flavor and texture. Rebecca @ Dorm Room Baker recently posted...Chocolate Mini-Muffins", "I love homemade oat flour! I never bother buying it because it’s so easy to make! Kayle (The Cooking Actress) recently posted...Brown Butter Toffee Chocolate Chunk Brownies", "I love making gluten free fruit crumbles with oat flour topping. I always make it myself too – just love how easy it is. And I also LOVE your pink food processor! Regina @ SpecialtyCakeCreations recently posted...{Savory Creations} Cashew Chicken", "Hi there! My name is Faith, and I am the 20-year-old baker, writer, and attempting photographer behind this blog. Read more about me here." ] }, "parsed_md": "DIY: Homemade Oat Flour | Pixie Dust Kitchen\n\n##### Pixie Dust Kitchen\n\nLet's indulge together.\n\n27 Jan 2014\n\n## DIY: Homemade Oat Flour\n\ncategories: DIY\n\nHomemade Oat flour: perfect for gluten-free or low-carb baking.\n\nThe other day I was baking some cookies (which will be posted later this\nweek!) and was a bit overzealous. Instead of making sure I had enough\ningredients, I just started baking. I got everything together, mixed it all\nup, added the flour... and realized I was 1/2 cup short.\n\nRather than running back out to the store, (because seriously, gas is\nexpensive here!) I saw my jar of oats from breakfast that morning and decided\nto make oat flour! And it couldn’t be simpler. All you need is oats, (rolled\nor quick-cooking), and a food processor. I’m sure a blender would work just as\nwell, you’ll just most likely have to blend the oats for longer than with a\nfood processor.\n\nSome quick notes:\n\n * This is not cup-for-cup, (as far as I know, I did not use it cup for cup. I used 3/4 cup for what would be 1/2 cup of all- purpose flour. I have not tried it exactly cup for cup.) so I would stick to using recipe that have been designed for gluten free flours.\n * This is not automatically gluten free. To make sure that your flour is gluten free, use certified gluten free oats.\n\nSo here’s what you do:\n\nGather your ingredients... I used store brand, old- fashioned rolled oats.\n\nPlace the oats in the food processor.\n\nBlend, blend, blend for 2-3 minutes!\n\nUntil you have a fine flour.\n\nI started with two cups of rolled oats, and ended up with 1 and 1/2 cup of\nflour. I store mine in a mason jar, but any air tight container will work.\n\n5.0 from 1 reviews\n\nPrint\n\nDIY: Homemade Oat Flour\n\nAuthor: Faith, PixieDustKitchen\n\nEasy homemade oat flour with just one ingredient!\n\nIngredients\n\n * 2 Cups oats\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. Place oats in bowl of food processor.\n 2. Blend for 2-3 minutes, until oats are fine and crumbly, resembling wheat flour.\n\nWordpress Recipe Plugin by EasyRecipe\n\n3.2.1271\n\nSome More DIY foods:\n\nHomemade Almond Butter\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * DIY Powdered Sugar\n * Homemade Almond Butter\n * Flourless Chocolate Peanut Butter Cookies\n * Homemade Dole Whip\n * Homemade Chocolate Biscoff Cronuts\n * Homemade Pita Chips and Hummus\n\n * gluten free, homemade, oat, oat flour\n * 4 Comments\n\n * « Fudgey M&M Brownies\n * Peanut Butter Cup Blossoms »\n\n#### 4 Comments on DIY: Homemade Oat Flour\n\n 1. ###### Beth @ bethcakes\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 1:07 pm (6 years ago)\n\nThis is an awesome idea! I haven’t really experimented with other flours aside\nfrom all purpose and whole wheat, but I’ve been thinking about it recently.\nAnd I just got a food processor so this gives me another reason to play with\nit. 🙂 Beth @ bethcakes recently posted...Whiskey Sour Cupcakes\n\nReply\n\n 2. ###### Rebecca @ Dorm Room Baker\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 1:28 pm (6 years ago)\n\nThis is actually such a lifesaver! I can’t tell you how many times I’ve been\nbaking and run out of one ingredient or another (flour is pretty common). I\nbet cookies taste even better with the flour combination just because it adds\nan extra layer of flavor and texture. Rebecca @ Dorm Room Baker recently\nposted...Chocolate Mini-Muffins\n\nReply\n\n 3. ###### Kayle (The Cooking Actress)\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 3:49 pm (6 years ago)\n\nI love homemade oat flour! I never bother buying it because it’s so easy to\nmake! Kayle (The Cooking Actress) recently posted...Brown Butter Toffee\nChocolate Chunk Brownies\n\nReply\n\n 4. ###### Regina @ SpecialtyCakeCreations\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 6:32 pm (6 years ago)\n\nI love making gluten free fruit crumbles with oat flour topping. I always make\nit myself too – just love how easy it is. And I also LOVE your pink food\nprocessor! Regina @ SpecialtyCakeCreations recently posted...{Savory\nCreations} Cashew Chicken\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nHi there! My name is Faith, and I am the 20-year-old baker, writer, and\nattempting photographer behind this blog. Read more about me here.\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Oreo Pudding Cookies\n * Best. Day. Ever.\n * Classic Pumpkin Pie #7daysofpie\n * Chocolate Pear Pie #7daysofpie\n * Saturday Sprinkles 11/00/14\n\n### Galleries\n\n### Recent Comments\n\n * faith on Peanut Butter Cheesecake Cookies\n * faith on Peanut Butter Snickerdoodles\n * faith on Red Velvet Fudge\n * SweetJ on Caramel Apple Milky Way Cookies\n * Ashlea on Peanut Butter Banana Cookies (Vegan)\n\n### Archives\n\n * June 2015\n * November 2014\n * October 2014\n * September 2014\n * August 2014\n * July 2014\n * June 2014\n * May 2014\n * April 2014\n * March 2014\n * February 2014\n * January 2014\n * December 2013\n * November 2013\n * October 2013\n * September 2013\n * August 2013\n * July 2013\n * June 2013\n * May 2013\n * April 2013\n * March 2013\n\n### Categories\n\n * Bars\n * Blondies\n * Breads\n * Breakfast\n * Cakes\n * Cookies\n * Dips/Spreads\n * DIY\n * Drinks\n * frozen\n * Pies\n * Snack Mix\n * Sprinkles of Life\n * Uncategorized\n\n### Meta\n\n * Log in\n * Entries RSS\n * Comments RSS\n * WordPress.org\n\n© Copyright Pixie Dust Kitchen 2019. Powered by WordPress. Designed by BluChic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://brighteyedbaker.com/confessions101/diy-oat-flour/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190727202136/http://brighteyedbaker.com/confessions101/diy-oat-flour/", "parsed_text": { "title": "DIY Oat Flour", "passages": [ "A lot of the healthiest recipes I have on this site use oat flour in place of regular flour. Although it has the word “flour” in it, there is actually no wheat in oat flour, and it’s a much healthier option than regular flour. You can purchase oat flour, but I have never done so. It’s easy enough to grind oats for oat flour yourself, plus it’s practically free and will save you a trip to the store!", "Place oats in the blade grinder and grind for about 30 seconds, until the oats have turned into a fine powder, like flour.", "Place oats in a coffee bean (blade) grinder. I recommend doing 1⁄2 cup oats at a time so as to not overfill the grinder.", "I have also tried using a food processor to make oat flour. Although it works, it is harder to get the oats as finely ground as necessary. If you use a food processor, I recommend sifting the flour once made to remove any coarse bits of oat.", "It’s actually just a coffee bean grinder, although if you have a KitchenAid, they do make a grain grinder attachment. :)" ] }, "parsed_md": "DIY Oat Flour\n\n * Home\n * Recipes\n\n * Breakfast\n * Snacks\n * Dinner\n * Dessert\n * DIY\n * Dairy-Free\n * Gluten-Free\n * Vegan\n * Healthiest Choices\n * Holidays\n * Bars\n * Beverages\n * Biscotti\n * Blondies and Brownies\n * Cakes and Cake Pops\n * Candy\n * Cookies\n * Crisps, Crumbles, & Cobblers\n * Cupcakes\n * Custards, Puddings, and Mousses\n * Dessert Bars\n * Ice Cream and Frozen Yogurt\n * Main Dishes and Sides\n * Muffins\n * Pancakes, Waffles, & French Toast\n * Pastries and Sweet Rolls\n * Pies, Tarts, etc.\n * Quick Breads\n * Scones\n * Truffles\n * Yeast Breads\n * Kitchen 101\n\n * Blogging Resources\n * About Me\n\n * Why Blog?\n * Why Blog? (Part II)\n * Features and Recognitions\n * FAQ\n * Contact Me\n\nPin It\n\n# DIY Oat Flour\n\nA lot of the healthiest recipes I have on this site use oat flour in place of\nregular flour. Although it has the word “flour” in it, there is actually no\nwheat in oat flour, and it’s a much healthier option than regular flour. You\ncan purchase oat flour, but I have never done so. It’s easy enough to grind\noats for oat flour yourself, plus it’s practically free and will save you a\ntrip to the store!\n\nHere’s how (full recipe below):\n\nSimply start out with a blade grinder and 1/2 cup of oats.\n\nPlace oats in the blade grinder and grind for about 30 seconds, until the oats\nhave turned into a fine powder, like flour.\n\nPrint\n\nDIY Oat Flour\n\nServes: generous 1⁄2 cup oat flour\n\nIngredients\n\n * 1⁄2 cup oats (I have only ever used old-fashioned oats)\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. Place oats in a coffee bean (blade) grinder. I recommend doing 1⁄2 cup oats at a time so as to not overfill the grinder.\n 2. Grind oats to a fine, flour-like consistency, about 30 seconds give or take.\n 3. That's it! You have your own oat flour!\n\nNotes\n\nI have also tried using a food processor to make oat flour. Although it works,\nit is harder to get the oats as finely ground as necessary. If you use a food\nprocessor, I recommend sifting the flour once made to remove any coarse bits\nof oat.\n\nWordpress Recipe Plugin by EasyRecipe\n\n3.2.1275\n\nCopyright protected by Digiprove © 2014\n\n{ 3 comments... read them below or add one }\n\nlisa Barbiero August 30, 2017\n\n \n\nwhere can I purchase a grain grinder like the one shown in the picture! Have\nbeen looking for one!!\n\nReply\n\nalexandra October 9, 2017\n\n \n\nIt’s actually just a coffee bean grinder, although if you have a KitchenAid,\nthey do make a grain grinder attachment. :)\n\nReply\n\nGloria Diaz July 24, 2018\n\n \n\nGreat post and listed tips are wonderfully described.\n\nReply\n\nCancel reply\n\nLeave a Comment\n\n{ 7 trackbacks }\n\n * Confession #47: I love eating healthy... Cranberry Lemon Poppyseed Muffins\n * 34 Healthy Meals for Two -\n * Cooking For 2 – Recipe Ideas | Phalcon Wellness Program\n * Cooking for Two: 34 Cheap and Healthy Meals for You and Yours - Perfect Your Lifestyle\n * Cooking for Two: 34 Cheap and Healthy Meals for You and Your Boo - Top In Worlds\n * BERRY RHUBARB CRISP\n * Oatmeal Banana Chocolate Coconut Muffins » Blender Happy\n\n * ### healthy treats\n\n * ### recipes by category\n\n * ### the savory side\n\n* Visit Alexandra {Confessions of a Bright-Eyed Baker}'s profile on Pinterest.\n\nGet smart with the Thesis WordPress Theme from DIYthemes.\n\n * Home\n * Recipes\n * Kitchen 101\n * About Me\n * Features and Recognitions\n * FAQ\n * Contact Me\n\nCopyright © 2011–2019\n\nWordPress Admin\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.thecookinginn.com/flour.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210211191550/http://www.thecookinginn.com/flour.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Cooking Inn : Substitutes", "passages": [ "1- 3/8 cups barley flour for 1 cup white flour 1 cup corn flour for 1 cup white flour 7/8 cup corn meal for each cup white flour 3/8 cup potato flour for 1 cup of white flour 7/8 cup rice flour for each cup of white flour 1 cup rye meal for 1 cup white flour 1-1/2 cups ground rolled oats or 1 cup oat flour for 1 cup white flour 1 cup whole wheat flour for 1 cup white flour.", "7/8 cup amaranth 7/8 cup garbanzo bean 7/8 cup chickpea (garbanzo) 3/4 cup corn flour 1 cup cornmeal 3/4 cup millet flour 3/4 cup oat flour 5/8 cup potato flour 3/4 cup potato starch 7/8 cup rice flour 3/4 cup soy flour", "Important - Always use a double portion of baking powder with dark flour. Recipes when converting a white flour recipe to a dark flour. Average use is 2.5 tsp. baking powder to each cut of flour.", "Substitution of various flour for white flour recipes gives new and exciting flavors. Corn flour thickens sauces better than cornstarch and may be used in the same proportions as white flour. It also combines well with other flours in making muffins.", "It should be remembered that the effectiveness of these substitutions is dependent upon the use of the flour. If one is attempting to make a baked product where the gluten structure is critical, the substitutions are certainly less effective." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Cooking Inn : Substitutes\n\nFlour Substitutes\n\nHow To Substitute For Wheat Flour\n\nTo make a standard recipe free of white flour, substitute one of the follow:\n\n1- 3/8 cups barley flour for 1 cup white flour 1 cup corn flour for 1 cup\nwhite flour 7/8 cup corn meal for each cup white flour 3/8 cup potato flour\nfor 1 cup of white flour 7/8 cup rice flour for each cup of white flour 1 cup\nrye meal for 1 cup white flour 1-1/2 cups ground rolled oats or 1 cup oat\nflour for 1 cup white flour 1 cup whole wheat flour for 1 cup white flour.\n\n1 cup of wheat flour equals\n\n7/8 cup amaranth 7/8 cup garbanzo bean 7/8 cup chickpea (garbanzo) 3/4 cup\ncorn flour 1 cup cornmeal 3/4 cup millet flour 3/4 cup oat flour 5/8 cup\npotato flour 3/4 cup potato starch 7/8 cup rice flour 3/4 cup soy flour\n\nImportant - Always use a double portion of baking powder with dark flour.\nRecipes when converting a white flour recipe to a dark flour. Average use is\n2.5 tsp. baking powder to each cut of flour.\n\nSubstitution of various flour for white flour recipes gives new and exciting\nflavors. Corn flour thickens sauces better than cornstarch and may be used in\nthe same proportions as white flour. It also combines well with other flours\nin making muffins.\n\nIt should be remembered that the effectiveness of these substitutions is\ndependent upon the use of the flour. If one is attempting to make a baked\nproduct where the gluten structure is critical, the substitutions are\ncertainly less effective.\n\nInformation From: Bob's Red Mill Natural Foods http://food.oregonstate.edu\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://bakingbites.com:80/2008/08/flour-storage-tips/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190406104640/http://bakingbites.com:80/2008/08/flour-storage-tips/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Flour Storage Tips", "passages": [ "Buying food, especially dry goods or other products with fairly long shelf lives, in bulk is a good way to cut back on your grocery bill. You get a lower overall price per pound or per ounce. The only problem with buying in bulk is that whatever you buy has to be stored properly to give it its optimal shelf life and to prevent spoilage. Basic pantry ingredients are great choices for bulk buying because you always want to have them on hand. You just need to choose foods that can last for a long time, rather than something that needs to be used up very quickly.", "Flour is a pantry staple that anyone who bakes (and most people who cook) will want to have, and although it can have a long shelf life, it also needs special care. Flour should be kept in an airtight and moisture-tight container set up off the floor. The typical flour bag size is 5lbs, and bulk bags generally run up to 25-40 pounds. If you choose a very large container, it should be large enough to hold the bag without having to pour the flour out (keeps things cleaner, generally) and should be relatively easy to open/close when you need to use the flour.", "All purpose flour, as well as cake flour and other “white” flours, can keep for 6-12 months in good storage conditions. Whole wheat flour should not be kept as long, since it contains more of the grain of the wheat and has a much higher spoilage rate (it can turn rancid and taste off after a while) than all purpose flour. Flour should be kept in a cool environment, as the grain can spoil. It does not need to be kept in the freezer, although the freezer temperature can prevent spoilage from taking place or insects from getting to the grain. It is very important to use an airtight container in the freezer, as humidity from a refrigeration unit can adversely effect the flour. Your storage containers should also be kept out of the sunlight, in a dark or dim place.", "Some flour storage containers are built to exactly fit the flour bag. Others are smaller and require you to pour the flour out of its original bag, but work well if you use the flour regularly and don’t want to pull it out of a larger storage container. If you buy in bigger bags, a restaurant-type storage container can actually work very well at home, although there are smaller bins that will hold up to 25-lb bags, too. If you just want to keep that large bag in something airtight, a giant ziplock bag will do the trick, as well.", "Rachel – It should be fine. The freezer is usually a better option, but only because freezers tend to have less ambient moisture than refrigerators and the less moisture the better. That said, since your container is airtight, you’re going to be in good shape. If you live in a humid area, I would say that the freezer is a better bet, just to be on the safe side about preventing moisture from getting in with the flour.", "I heard that keeping one bay leaf stuck inside the flour bag itself wards off any bugs. I have no idea if this is true or not, but I do it and have never had any problems... although if you have bugs in your flour, perhaps you don’t use it very often. 🙂" ] }, "parsed_md": "Flour Storage Tips - Baking Bites\n\nBaking Bites\n\n * Recipes\n\n * Cookies\n\n * Cookies – Bar Cookies and Brownies\n * Cakes\n\n * Cakes – Cheesecake\n * Cakes – Cupcakes\n * Cakes – Frosting\n * Breakfasts\n\n * Breads – Quick Breads\n * Coffee Cake\n * Muffins\n * Breads – Yeast Breads\n * Candies\n * Crisps and Other Fruit Desserts\n\n * Dessert Sauces\n * Drinks\n * Frozen Desserts\n * Pastries\n\n * Pies\n\n * Pie and Tart Crusts\n * Puddings, Custards and Mousses\n * Savory Dishes\n\n * Savory Sides & Snacks\n * Baking How-To’s & Tips\n\n * How to Start A Food Blog\n * Tools & Gadgets\n\n * Cookbooks\n * Product Reviews\n * Ingredients\n\n * Food Reviews\n * BfoB\n\nBaking Cooking Gear and Gadgets\n\n# Flour Storage Tips\n\nPosted on August 28, 2008March 12, 2013\n\nBuying food, especially dry goods or other products with fairly long shelf\nlives, in bulk is a good way to cut back on your grocery bill. You get a lower\noverall price per pound or per ounce. The only problem with buying in bulk is\nthat whatever you buy has to be stored properly to give it its optimal shelf\nlife and to prevent spoilage. Basic pantry ingredients are great choices for\nbulk buying because you always want to have them on hand. You just need to\nchoose foods that can last for a long time, rather than something that needs\nto be used up very quickly.\n\nFlour is a pantry staple that anyone who bakes (and most people who cook) will\nwant to have, and although it can have a long shelf life, it also needs\nspecial care. Flour should be kept in an airtight and moisture-tight container\nset up off the floor. The typical flour bag size is 5lbs, and bulk bags\ngenerally run up to 25-40 pounds. If you choose a very large container, itÂ\nshould be large enough to hold the bag without having to pour the flour out\n(keeps things cleaner, generally) and should be relatively easy to open/close\nwhen you need to use the flour.\n\nAll purpose flour, as well as cake flour and other “white” flours, can keep\nfor 6-12 months in good storage conditions. Whole wheat flour should not be\nkept as long, since it contains more of the grain of the wheat and has a much\nhigher spoilage rate (it can turn rancid and taste off after a while) than all\npurpose flour. Flour should be kept in a cool environment, as the grain can\nspoil. It does not need to be kept in the freezer, although the freezer\ntemperature can prevent spoilage from taking place or insects from getting to\nthe grain. It is very important to use an airtight container in the freezer,\nas humidity from a refrigeration unit can adversely effect the flour. Your\nstorage containers should also be kept out of the sunlight, in a dark or dim\nplace.\n\nSome flour storage containers are built to exactly fit the flour bag. Others\nare smaller and require you to pour the flour out of its original bag, but\nwork well if you use the flour regularly and don’t want to pull it out of a\nlarger storage container. If you buy in bigger bags, a restaurant-type storage\ncontainer can actually work very well at home, although there are smaller bins\nthat will hold up to 25-lb bags, too. If you just want to keep that large bag\nin something airtight, a giant ziplock bag will do the trick, as well.\n\nShare this article\n\n0\n\n * previously\n\n##### Spinach and Feta Pie\n\n * up next\n\n##### Starbucks Mocha Dark Chocolate, reviewed\n\n##### You Might Also Like\n\n###### EW bakes with sugar substitutes\n\nPosted on January 11, 2008February 23, 2016\n\n###### Bites from other Blogs\n\nPosted on June 16, 2010\n\n###### Bakeball Bat\n\nPosted on February 24, 2015\n\n##### 5 Comments\n\n * ###### Nick\n\nAugust 28, 2008\n\ni use an old coffee can...it gets the job done\n\n * ###### Rachel\n\nAugust 28, 2008\n\nI keep my flour in an airtight container in the refrigerator. Is that a good\nidea?\n\n * ###### Nicole\n\nAugust 28, 2008\n\nRachel – It should be fine. The freezer is usually a better option, but only\nbecause freezers tend to have less ambient moisture than refrigerators and the\nless moisture the better. That said, since your container is airtight, you’re\ngoing to be in good shape. If you live in a humid area, I would say that the\nfreezer is a better bet, just to be on the safe side about preventing moisture\nfrom getting in with the flour.\n\n * ###### bettyagnes\n\nSeptember 5, 2008\n\nI heard that keeping one bay leaf stuck inside the flour bag itself wards off\nany bugs. I have no idea if this is true or not, but I do it and have never\nhad any problems... although if you have bugs in your flour, perhaps you don’t\nuse it very often. 🙂\n\n * ###### zip lock bags\n\nMarch 5, 2009\n\nVery nice tips. I love this tips. Thank you.\n\n### What do you think? Cancel reply\n\n#### Keep In Touch\n\n#### Earl Grey Tea Cupcakes\n\n#### Ginger Passion Fruit Cake Bars\n\n#### Trader Joe’s Fudgy Chocolate Quinoa Loaf & Cake Mix, reviewed\n\n#### Perfect Whole Wheat Chocolate Chip Cookies\n\nMY LATEST COOKBOOK IS NOW AVAILABLE\n\nYOU CAN ALSO FIND ME HERE\n\n#### Instagram@Follow Me!\n\n71 6\n\nThese simple Earl Grey Tea...\n\n42 3\n\nThese Whole Wheat Chocolate Chip...\n\n45 0\n\nThis easy Raspberry Crumb Coffee...\n\n49 1\n\nMake my homemade Honey Butter...\n\n57 2\n\nI am a big fan...\n\n77 1\n\nThis light and airy Chocolate...\n\nCopyrights © 2017 Baking Bites &trade. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://home-cure.net/best-home-remedies-to-stop-heavy-periods-menstrual-bleeding/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200925203200/https://home-cure.net/best-home-remedies-to-stop-heavy-periods-menstrual-bleeding/", "parsed_text": { "title": "21 Best Home Remedies to Stop Heavy Periods Bleeding – Home-Cure Network", "passages": [ "Over 20% of women over age 40 have at one time or the other faced excessive menstrual bleeding or Menorrhagia.", "Definition: Menorrhagia is defined as excessively heavy or prolonged uterine bleeding with clots but with or without menstrual cramps which can be caused by medical problems or hormone imbalances.", "Symptoms: If you require to change sanitary protection more than every one or two hours, or if you are having a period spanning more than seven days, it’s likely a case of abnormal menstrual bleeding. If excessive bleeding continues, it can result in significant outcomes like anemia, fatigue, decreased strength, depressive mood and cervical cancer in worst cases.", "Causes: Heavy bleeding during periods is usually caused by a hormonal imbalance, especially witnessed for women before menopause (aged 40-50 years). Other causes of heavy periods include stress, dieting excessive weight loss or gain, thyroid disorders, fibroids, uterine abnormalities, infection in the pelvic area, presence of benign uterine tumors such as non-cancerous thickening of the endometrium (internal lining of uterus), polyps, fibroids, infection, and endometriosis.", "Menorrhagia can be controlled with home remedies and natural treatments. Some of the best home remedies for heavy bleeding during menstrual periods are listed below:", "Ginger: An infusion prepared by pounding and boiling ginger in water for a few minutes provides relief and helps stop menstrual flow. The infusion can be sweetened with sugar or honey to make it more palliative. The infusion can be taken up to thrice daily after meals.", "Cinnamon: A tea prepared by steeping one cinnamon stick in a cup of boiling water is very effective home remedy for stopping heavy periods. Alternatively 3 drops of tincture of cinnamon bark can be taken internally, twice a day to stop heavy menstrual bleeding during periods.", "Mustard seeds Take 40 grams of dried mustard seeds and grind to fine powder. Take 2 grams of mustard seed powder with milk twice a day before or during menstrual cycle to arrest excessive bleeding. This is an effective home remedy for heavy periods.", "Coriander seed: Boil 20 grams of coriander seed in 200 ml (two cups) of water. When the water is reduced to one quarter its original volume, allow it to cool before taking it internally. This decoction is one of the best home remedies to stop heavy periods and excessive bleeding during the monthly cycle.", "Thyme tea: Tea prepared by steeping 1 tablespoon thyme leaves in a cups of boiling water for around 10 minutes is very effective in arresting excessive menstrual bleeding during heavy periods. Thyme tea mixed with ice cube can also be used as a cold compress on the abdomen to arrest heavy menstruation.", "Banana Flower: Eating cooked banana flower with a cup of curd increases progesterone and helps control excessive menstrual bleeding. This is an effective natural remedy for heavy menstrual bleeding.", "Indian Spikenard: Indian spikenard is a very effective natural remedy for heavy periods. Indian spikenard has been used since ages for treatment of dysmenorrhea.", "Licorice: Remove the peel and grind to fine powder. Take 3 grams of this powder with water drained rice, three times daily for 4-5 days. Licorice is very beneficial in arresting excessive bleeding periods.", "Sacred Fig. Juice prepared from extract of tender and fresh leaves of sacred fig is effective in stopping heavy periods. Sacred fig juice taken twice a day during the menstrual cycle is an effective treatment for excessive menstrual bleeding..", "Omega -3: Consumption of animal products, fish oils and flaxseed oil which are rich in omega-3 are effective in reducing excessive bleeding during menstruation.", "Bamboo leaf: Bamboo leaves and nodes are an excellent home cure for menstrual problems. A decoction made of a some bamboo leaves can be taken twice daily for treating menstrual problems. A decoction made of bamboo nodes is also a useful for menstrual problems. This helps in regulating the menstrual cycle.", "Wood apple leaf: Freshly ground leaves of wood apple tree mixed with warm water is an effective natural cure for heavy periods. The fruit, Wood apple is also effective in stopping excessive bleeding during menstrual cycle.", "Rough chaff: An infusion prepared by soaking 20 grams of rough chaff in 300 ml of water is effective in stopping heavy bleeding during menstrual periods. This tea can be taken up to two times a day to cure excessive bleeding during menstruation.", "Magnesium rich food: Researches have shown that deficiency of magnesium is a very common factor that results in profuse menstrual bleeding. Food rich in magnesium like sesame seeds, water melon seeds, oat, cocoa, pumpkin, squash must be included in the diet. Magnesium helps in stopping menstrual bleeding.", "Iron-rich food: Food rich in iron content like potatoes, pumpkin seeds, clams, molasses are helpful and effective treatment for stopping heavy bleeding during menstruation.", "Mango bark: A mixture prepared by adding 10 ml of liquid extract of mango bark in 130 ml of water is effective in arresting excessive periods. Take one teaspoon of this preparation every hour. Juice of fresh mango bark is an effective natural cure for heavy menstrual bleeding.", "Tenner’s cassia: Tenner’s cassia helps in regulating the menstruation cycle and the flowers and flower buds are useful in controlling excessive flow during the menstruation.", "Jujube Tea: Tea prepared by boiling 20 grams of Jujube leaf with red dates helps cure functional deficiency of blood and is very effective in stopping excessive menstrual bleeding.", "Hawthorn flowers decoction: A decoction prepared by mixing 30 grams Hawthorn, 15 grams saffron in water is very effective oriental treatment for menstrual problems like abdominal pain, discharge of blood clots, and arresting excessive menstrual bleeding. The decoction is to be served when it is hot.", "Diet: Diet should be rich in vitamins and minerals like magnesium , iron and calcium .The diet should contain lots of fresh fruits and vegetables, green vegetables.", "If bleeding continues for 7 or more days, during each menstrual cycle, despite the home remedies you try, consider consulting a gynecologist.", "Vidhya is a trained naturopath - but she believes that seeking cure from the nature is a way of life. It is pure and has no side effects. On the adverse side it is a slow process requiring perseverance and trust. But in contrast to allopathy most of the treatments are directed to treat the root cause rather than the symptoms. View all posts by S Vidhya", "No information obtained on this site should be relied on as the basis for treating or diagnosing conditions, symptoms, or illness. All queries should be directed to your health professional.", "Always see your practitioner concerning your treatment options if you are pregnant or if suffering an illness or injury resulting from an accident. Read: complete disclaimer." ] }, "parsed_md": "21 Best Home Remedies to Stop Heavy Periods Bleeding – Home-Cure Network\n\nSkip to content\n\nHome-Cure Network\n\nHolistic home remedies & natural cures archive\n\n# 21 Best Home Remedies to Stop Heavy Periods Bleeding\n\nby S VidhyaPosted onAugust 7, 2011December 26, 2016\n\nOver 20% of women over age 40 have at one time or the other faced excessive\nmenstrual bleeding or Menorrhagia.\n\nDefinition: Menorrhagia is defined as excessively heavy or prolonged uterine\nbleeding with clots but with or without menstrual cramps which can be caused\nby medical problems or hormone imbalances.\n\nSymptoms: If you require to change sanitary protection more than every one or\ntwo hours, or if you are having a period spanning more than seven days, it’s\nlikely a case of abnormal menstrual bleeding. If excessive bleeding continues,\nit can result in significant outcomes like anemia, fatigue, decreased\nstrength, depressive mood and cervical cancer in worst cases.\n\nCauses: Heavy bleeding during periods is usually caused by a hormonal\nimbalance, especially witnessed for women before menopause (aged 40-50 years).\nOther causes of heavy periods include stress, dieting excessive weight loss or\ngain, thyroid disorders, fibroids, uterine abnormalities, infection in the\npelvic area, presence of benign uterine tumors such as non-cancerous\nthickening of the endometrium (internal lining of uterus), polyps, fibroids,\ninfection, and endometriosis.\n\n### Remedies\n\nMenorrhagia can be controlled with home remedies and natural treatments. Some\nof the best home remedies for heavy bleeding during menstrual periods are\nlisted below:\n\nGinger: An infusion prepared by pounding and boiling ginger in water for a few\nminutes provides relief and helps stop menstrual flow. The infusion can be\nsweetened with sugar or honey to make it more palliative. The infusion can be\ntaken up to thrice daily after meals.\n\nCinnamon: A tea prepared by steeping one cinnamon stick in a cup of boiling\nwater is very effective home remedy for stopping heavy periods. Alternatively\n3 drops of tincture of cinnamon bark can be taken internally, twice a day to\nstop heavy menstrual bleeding during periods.\n\nMustard seeds Take 40 grams of dried mustard seeds and grind to fine powder.\nTake 2 grams of mustard seed powder with milk twice a day before or during\nmenstrual cycle to arrest excessive bleeding. This is an effective home remedy\nfor heavy periods.\n\nCoriander seed: Boil 20 grams of coriander seed in 200 ml (two cups) of water.\nWhen the water is reduced to one quarter its original volume, allow it to cool\nbefore taking it internally. This decoction is one of the best home remedies\nto stop heavy periods and excessive bleeding during the monthly cycle.\n\nThyme tea: Tea prepared by steeping 1 tablespoon thyme leaves in a cups of\nboiling water for around 10 minutes is very effective in arresting excessive\nmenstrual bleeding during heavy periods. Thyme tea mixed with ice cube can\nalso be used as a cold compress on the abdomen to arrest heavy menstruation.\n\nBanana Flower: Eating cooked banana flower with a cup of curd increases\nprogesterone and helps control excessive menstrual bleeding. This is an\neffective natural remedy for heavy menstrual bleeding.\n\nIndian Spikenard: Indian spikenard is a very effective natural remedy for\nheavy periods. Indian spikenard has been used since ages for treatment of\ndysmenorrhea.\n\nLicorice: Remove the peel and grind to fine powder. Take 3 grams of this\npowder with water drained rice, three times daily for 4-5 days. Licorice is\nvery beneficial in arresting excessive bleeding periods.\n\nSacred Fig. Juice prepared from extract of tender and fresh leaves of sacred\nfig is effective in stopping heavy periods. Sacred fig juice taken twice a day\nduring the menstrual cycle is an effective treatment for excessive menstrual\nbleeding..\n\nOmega -3: Consumption of animal products, fish oils and flaxseed oil which are\nrich in omega-3 are effective in reducing excessive bleeding during\nmenstruation.\n\nBamboo leaf: Bamboo leaves and nodes are an excellent home cure for menstrual\nproblems. A decoction made of a some bamboo leaves can be taken twice daily\nfor treating menstrual problems. A decoction made of bamboo nodes is also a\nuseful for menstrual problems. This helps in regulating the menstrual cycle.\n\nWood apple leaf: Freshly ground leaves of wood apple tree mixed with warm\nwater is an effective natural cure for heavy periods. The fruit, Wood apple is\nalso effective in stopping excessive bleeding during menstrual cycle.\n\nRough chaff: An infusion prepared by soaking 20 grams of rough chaff in 300 ml\nof water is effective in stopping heavy bleeding during menstrual periods.\nThis tea can be taken up to two times a day to cure excessive bleeding during\nmenstruation.\n\nMagnesium rich food: Researches have shown that deficiency of magnesium is a\nvery common factor that results in profuse menstrual bleeding. Food rich in\nmagnesium like sesame seeds, water melon seeds, oat, cocoa, pumpkin, squash\nmust be included in the diet. Magnesium helps in stopping menstrual bleeding.\n\nCaveat: Consuming large amount magnesium causes diarrhea and hence a moderate\nintake is advised.\n\nIron-rich food: Food rich in iron content like potatoes, pumpkin seeds, clams,\nmolasses are helpful and effective treatment for stopping heavy bleeding\nduring menstruation.\n\nMango bark: A mixture prepared by adding 10 ml of liquid extract of mango bark\nin 130 ml of water is effective in arresting excessive periods. Take one\nteaspoon of this preparation every hour. Juice of fresh mango bark is an\neffective natural cure for heavy menstrual bleeding.\n\nTenner’s cassia: Tenner’s cassia helps in regulating the menstruation cycle\nand the flowers and flower buds are useful in controlling excessive flow\nduring the menstruation.\n\nJujube Tea: Tea prepared by boiling 20 grams of Jujube leaf with red dates\nhelps cure functional deficiency of blood and is very effective in stopping\nexcessive menstrual bleeding.\n\nHawthorn flowers decoction: A decoction prepared by mixing 30 grams Hawthorn,\n15 grams saffron in water is very effective oriental treatment for menstrual\nproblems like abdominal pain, discharge of blood clots, and arresting\nexcessive menstrual bleeding. The decoction is to be served when it is hot.\n\nDiet: Diet should be rich in vitamins and minerals like magnesium , iron and\ncalcium .The diet should contain lots of fresh fruits and vegetables, green\nvegetables.\n\nWhen to consult a doctor?\n\nIf bleeding continues for 7 or more days, during each menstrual cycle, despite\nthe home remedies you try, consider consulting a gynecologist.\n\nIts time to consult a doctor:\n\n * If excessive bleeding is seen in all consecutive periods\n * If menstruation lasts for more than seven days\n * If you notice any abnormal vaginal discharge\n * Its you pass thick blood clots for more than one day.\n * If excessive bleeding is accompanied by diarrhea, nausea or vomiting.\n * If excessive bleeding is accompanied or preceded by fever\n * If you are anemic\n\n## Published by S Vidhya\n\nVidhya is a trained naturopath - but she believes that seeking cure from the\nnature is a way of life. It is pure and has no side effects. On the adverse\nside it is a slow process requiring perseverance and trust. But in contrast to\nallopathy most of the treatments are directed to treat the root cause rather\nthan the symptoms. View all posts by S Vidhya\n\n## Disclaimer\n\nNo information obtained on this site should be relied on as the basis for\ntreating or diagnosing conditions, symptoms, or illness. All queries should be\ndirected to your health professional.\n\nAlways see your practitioner concerning your treatment options if you are\npregnant or if suffering an illness or injury resulting from an accident.\nRead: complete disclaimer.\n\n© Copyright 2020 – Home-Cure Network\n\nKeratin Theme by ThemeCot ⋅ Powered by WordPress\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.cureceliacdisease.org:80/archives/faq/do-oats-contain-gluten", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160306174741/http://www.cureceliacdisease.org:80/archives/faq/do-oats-contain-gluten", "parsed_text": { "title": "University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center", "passages": [ "A large body of scientific evidence accumulated over more than 15 years has proven that oats are completely safe for the vast majority of celiac patients. Oats are not related to gluten-containing grains such as wheat, barley and rye. They don’t contain gluten, but rather proteins called avenins that are non-toxic and tolerated by most celiacs (perhaps less than 1% of celiac patients show a reaction to a large amount of oats in their diets).", "Oats can be in a celiac’s diet provided they are selected from sources that guarantee a lack of contamination by wheat, rye or barley.", "Some who add oats to their diet may experience GI symptoms. This may actually be a result of the increased fiber that oats provide instead of a reaction to the oats themselves.", "How much exposure to gluten does it take for DGP to become elevated and how long before it will return to normal?", "absorption allergy antibodies autoimmune biopsy birth blood blood test bone density calcium children dermatitis herpetiformis dh diabetes diagnosis diarrhea diet drugs enzymes exposure genes genetic genetic test gluten gluten- free diet glutened gluten sensitivity iga immune system infertility liver medications ncgs neuropathy non-celiac gluten sensitivity oats positive blood pregnancy prevalence screening symptoms testing ttg vitamins wheat allergy" ] }, "parsed_md": "Do oats contain gluten? | University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center\n\n * DONATE NOW\n * GET SCREENED\n * EMAIL NEWSLETTER\n\nContact us\n\nHome / FAQs / Do oats contain gluten?\n\nA A A\n\n## Do oats contain gluten?\n\nA large body of scientific evidence accumulated over more than 15 years has\nproven that oats are completely safe for the vast majority of celiac patients.\nOats are not related to gluten-containing grains such as wheat, barley and\nrye. They don’t contain gluten, but rather proteins called avenins that are\nnon-toxic and tolerated by most celiacs (perhaps less than 1% of celiac\npatients show a reaction to a large amount of oats in their diets).\n\nOats can be in a celiac’s diet provided they are selected from sources that\nguarantee a lack of contamination by wheat, rye or barley.\n\nSome who add oats to their diet may experience GI symptoms. This may actually\nbe a result of the increased fiber that oats provide instead of a reaction to\nthe oats themselves.\n\n### Categories\n\n * About Celiac Disease\n * Celiac Disease Associations\n * Celiac Disease Diagnosis\n * Curing Celiac Disease\n * Gluten-free Diet\n * Living With Celiac Disease\n * Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity\n * Post-Diagnosis Follow-Up\n * Uncategorized\n\n### Most Popular FAQs\n\n 1. Do oats contain gluten?\n 2. What’s the difference between celiac disease, gluten intolerance, non-celiac gluten sensitivity and wheat allergy?\n 3. What else can cause villus atrophy in the small intestine other than celiac disease?\n 4. What other autoimmune disorders are typically associated with those who have celiac disease?\n 5. How much exposure to gluten does it take for DGP to become elevated and how long before it will return to normal?\n\n### Tags\n\nabsorption allergy antibodies autoimmune biopsy birth blood blood test bone\ndensity calcium children dermatitis herpetiformis dh diabetes diagnosis\ndiarrhea diet drugs enzymes exposure genes genetic genetic test gluten gluten-\nfree diet glutened gluten sensitivity iga immune system infertility liver\nmedications ncgs neuropathy non-celiac gluten sensitivity oats positive blood\npregnancy prevalence screening symptoms testing ttg vitamins wheat allergy\n\n### Blogroll\n\n * Fact Sheets\n * Patient Resources\n\n© 2016 The University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center\n\n * Contact Us\n * Media\n * Privacy\n * U of C Medical Center\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.momables.com/how-to-make-oat-flour/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419230033/https://www.momables.com/how-to-make-oat-flour/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Make Oat Flour - the Simple Way!", "passages": [ "Today we’re making homemade oat flour and sharing recipes to help you put this gluten free flour to use. You don’t have to spend a lot of money because you already have everything you need in your pantry to make your own flour, simply and inexpensively.", "Since it’s always more fun to watch how things are made, I had this recipe made into a video – see how easy it is to make here!", "But don’t be fooled, this flour is capable of making some incredible baked goods and breakfasts. We’re talking light and fluffy breads, pancakes, waffles, golden brown cookies, all the essential things.", "The short answer is YES! Both pure rolled oats and flour made form them are gluten free. However, if the oats are processed in facilities with wheat and other grains, there’s a good chance they’ll contain traces of gluten. If you are looking for certified gluten free oat flour, all you need to do is make sure the oats you purchase say “certified gluten free” and then you can make your own flour at a fraction of the cost.", "No need to worry, there are multiple sources of gluten-free oats and flours this one is my favorite. Or you can take matters into your own hands, like we’re doing today, and make homemade oat flour!", "Making oat flour is wonderfully simple, and I have a hard time figuring out why people haven’t caught on sooner. Homemade Oat Flour has all the benefits and quality of store-bought, and it’s way less expensive. All you need is a blender/food processor and old-fashioned oats.", "Place the lid on, and give it a go on high speed until the oats turn into a fine powder.", "To make oats flour, I always use my Blendtec. Now, you probably already know I love using my Blendtec for my favorite smoothie recipes but it’s the by far the best tool for making your own flours as well!", "If you don’t have a Blendtec yet, you’re in luck! If you use the special code LF20OFF to get 20% off!", "Oat flour has a 1:1 ratio for regular flour making it one of the best gluten- free flours available. You can use it for pancakes, muffins, waffles, and quick bread recipes with delicious results. It’s nutty flavor harmonizes with ingredients such as honey, vanilla, cinnamon, and nutmeg.", "Recipe: Applesauce Bread A quick, comforting treat you can whip up with basic pantry staples. It’s super moist and great a breakfast or packed into lunches.", "Recipe: Lemon Poppyseed Zucchini Muffins Super moist lemon poppy seed muffins with zucchini are healthier than the coffee shops and just as tasty!", "Recipe: Cheddar Apple Sausage Muffins Try this savory breakfast muffin for a change. Loaded with sausage, chopped apple, and cheese, it’s an incredible breakfast you can enjoy on the go.", "Recipe: Healthy Banana Oatmeal Muffins No need for mixing bowls because these muffins are made in the blender! They’re light, moist and everything a banana breakfast muffin should be.", "It doesn’t stop with these delicious recipes! You can use this flour in so many baking recipes to make them gluten free! But let’s get started with the complete instructions for homemade oat flour. And if you are looking for more gluten free recipes, be sure to check out our grain free meal plans. You’ll get fresh recipes every week that are gluten free and unbelievably delicious!", "Hi! Has anyone tried this using a ninja food processor? Mine isn’t extremely powerful and I don’t want to spend 30 minutes making flour.", "Thank you so much for this. I knew there was away but didn’t know how. I’m planning on making a glutton free Cornbread stuffing but don’t but glutton free flour as it is kind of expensive. I’m making this for a friend of mine who can only eat glutton free foods and I’m having her and her hubby over but I didn’t want her to have any concerns regarding the food. Thanks again...", "I have read that If you are using flour Mande this way you cannot substitute like for like as oat flour is much lighter. Can you clarify this for me please. I want to use my old family recipe to make my Xmas cakes but am unsure as to the weight of oat flour to use. These cakes are expensive to make so I don’t want to risk an expensive disaster.", "You can use homemade flour for baked goods but be sure to sub the oat flour for regular flour by weight and not volume. This will require a kitchen scale.", "Would like to make pound cake with oat flour. If recipe calls for 1-3/4 cups all purpose flour how much oat flour do I use?", "You would use the same amount, except, you should expect your pound cake to be much denser not light and airy.", "This just dawned on me – I googled making oat flour. thank you for this information. I am ready to try it, and hoping I can buy more oats if I can’t buy flour and bread in the supermarket. NZ has buy outs of bread and flour too!! If you are not in the shop at the time shelves are filled you need to go back, and who wants to do that just now with covid 19 around!! keep safe.", "2020-03-27 Forgot dog buscuits while grocery shopping today, and googled instructions on how to make homemade dog biscuits. Since our Covid-19 is here, I prefer to avoid another trip to the grocery. Your idea suited our recipe 100% Thanks so much. I had bought lots of Large Flake Oats on sale, and now I have yet another good use for them! Cheers from Ottawa Canada.", "You just saved me! Need oat flour for GF apple crumb cake I am making my sister and didn’t have any oat flour, but I do have rolled oats and a food processor", "This page definitely has all of the information and facts I needed about this subject and didn’t know who to ask.", "Can I make rice flour the same way as making oat flour? And also, is there an article with instructions for coconut flour? I want to make treats for your two dogs that are healthy.", "Yes, you can make rice flour the same way you make oat flour. There are no “instructions” to coconut flour but it’s not the type of flour that can be substituted 1:1 with regular flour. Coconut flour is the type of ingredient you use following a recipe.", "I make the oat flour and mix cacao powder and sugar, and then whip it in the Nutribullet for a quick drink with Almond milk, it is sooooo good! In Mexico its already made its called Avena Rivero, but when I can’t go to Mexico I make my own, its that simple. Very healthy drink.", "Sounds good and nutritious, I use monk fruit sugar as I am pre-diabetic oats are great for colesterol. Thank you for this great site with so many healthy ideas.", "Just used my Magic Bullet to grind my oat meal in an attempt to have flour...within 15-20 second I had flour, just like the store bought, and for a fraction of what I would have paid at the store! Why did’t I think of this before??? Thank you for posting this suggestion! My life will be so much easier now, and less expensive.....", "Yes, there is nothing different, steel cut are oats that have been put through a special machine that orients the groats in one direction where they the ends cut off", "Can I use Oat flour like white flour? I do not like to use white flour because of the processing.", "For most baking needs. Yes! I use it for cooking muffins, cookies and bread and it comes out fanatastic. I also use baking soda to help with rising it.", "I began grinding my oatmeal and love it. I use it in place of flour. I make a stack of pancakes and refrigerate them. I also roll skinless chicken in it and put 2 Tbs. of coconut oil in skillet and fried. Delicious!!!!! I even fried fish in it. Never going back to regular flour. My husband even love it.", "I ground quick oats to use for flour to make chocolate chip cookies. They spread out completely flat, except for the chips that stayed in the center. After adjusting the cooking time with no success, I stirred in some quick oats (un-ground) to tighten up the dough some, That seemed to help. Any suggestions? Some baking powder maybe?", "You may need to adjust: sugar, fat, flour, or other ingredients. Somewhere there is a graphic showing which ingredient causes which problem. ...too flat, too crunchy and so on. Sorry I couldn’t be more specific at this time.", "I am excited to try making my own oat flour. I’m trying (slowly) to get me and my oldest son on a gluten free diet.", "Thanks for the simple instructions. I am gluten intolerant. Oat flour is so expensive but great because it is lower in carbohydrates. I am definitely going to try this.", "Another great way to grind your oats into flour is to use a coffee grinder. I have used mine often to make oat flour. This would not work if you need to make a larger quantity but if you are just using oat flour for one recipe it will work just fine.", "Can you use a magic bullet for this? If so, which blade? There is a flat one and then one with prongs that stick up in the air.", "I use my magic bullet for this yes. And I use it with the flat blade and it’s flour in just a few seconds. Good Luck!", "Thank you for the great advise, however there is a huge error on your page, oats are absolutely NOT gluten-free. They along with Barley, Rye and Wheat are the main four gluten grains. Other grains include Kamut and Spelt.", "Certified gluten free oats DO NOT contain gluten. That is why they say very plainly on the package “certified gluten free”.", "People with celiac disease can be sensitive to oats even if the oats are certified gluten free. There is a certain protein in oats that can cause the same reaction in patients with celiac disease as gluten does, even if the oats are certified gluten free.", "The best thing to do is ask the person. If the food item is for a surprise, the prudent thing would be to avoid the oats so you don’t risk causing them undue problems.", "Cassie, certified GF oats do not contain gluten. They are, however, often cross contaminated in production facilities which is why if someone suffers from celiacs disease they should check the packaging.", "2 cups of oat flour, 2 eggs, tsp. baking powder, 1/2 tsp. cinnamon, 1 tsp. vanilla, buttermilk (you can use regular milk as we’ll) the amount of milk is between a pint and pint and a half. If making waffles at a tbsp. of melted butter. Add pecans, walnuts, blueberries or what ever your heart desires. I add ground flaxseed to mine as we’ll. You will never go back to boxed mix again. Almond milk will NOT brown pancake or waffle. Oh, I ground my own oatmeal. If you refrigerate, it will thicken. Just thin with any liquid. Eggnog is great too!", "One cup of rolled oats will yield approximately LESS THAN 1 cup of oat flour. 1 cup rolled oats = “approximately” 3/4-1 cup oat flour", "I tried making my own oat flour for the first time. I used an immersion blender on the high setting, which worked quite well for 1/2 cup proportions. I used 1 1/3 cups of quick cooking rolled oats and got 1 1/3 cups of flour minus a little more than 1/2 tablespoon. So for 1 cup of flour, if you want to be precise, I recommend 1 cup of rolled oats plus a rounded teaspoon.", "I JUST made some lemon shortbread cookies with quick cooking oats turned into flour using my vitamix and they were DELICIOUS!!! Worked like a charm.", "The difference between quick cooking oats is that they are typically rolled out thinner and steamed slightly longer in the processing facility as opposed to standard “old fashioned” oats. Same oat so use it as any non quick cooking oat.", "Do you use the ground almonds made into flour the same as you would use flour or oatmeal flour?Thank you so much for this hint at the almond flour is very expensive.", "Yes, you can finely grind almonds to make into almond meal, although it’s hard for it to have a uniform consistency when ground at home.", "[...] for Gluten-Free Banana Oatmeal Pancakes. This recipe is also delightfully fluffy, and you can make your own oat flour if you don’t already have a gluten-free flour option on [...]", "[...] using steel-cut oats can be used to make oat flour or to make my Strawberry Overnight Steel-Cut Oats recipe, it’s time we take it up a [...]", "[...] I’m here to tell you that steel-cut oats can be used to make oat flour or to make a delicious breakfast that practically cooks itself. I mean, there’s no [...]", "[...] I’m here to tell you that steel-cut oats can be used to make oat flour or to make a delicious breakfast that practically cooks itself. I mean, there’s no [...]", "[...] using steel-cut oats can be used to make oat flour or to make my Strawberry Overnight Steel-Cut Oats recipe, it’s time we take it up a notch [...]", "I help you eliminate processed foods and added sugar from your family's diet with organized meal plans or a 30-day reset. Show me how." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Make Oat Flour - the Simple Way! | MOMables\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n\n * Recipes\n * Classic Weekly Meal Plan\n * Meatless Meal Plan\n * Clean Eating Program\n * Picky Eating Masterclass\n * Free Mealtime Toolbox\n * Contact us\n\n×\n\n# How to Make Oat Flour\n\nToday we’re making homemade oat flour and sharing recipes to help you put this\ngluten free flour to use. You don’t have to spend a lot of money because you\nalready have everything you need in your pantry to make your own flour, simply\nand inexpensively.\n\nSince it’s always more fun to watch how things are made, I had this recipe\nmade into a video – see how easy it is to make here!\n\nhttps://youtu.be/0B5-MFQhb2I\n\n### What is Oat Flour?\n\nOat flour is made from ground oats. Simple and sweet right?\n\nBut don’t be fooled, this flour is capable of making some incredible baked\ngoods and breakfasts. We’re talking light and fluffy breads, pancakes,\nwaffles, golden brown cookies, all the essential things.\n\n## Is Oat Flour Gluten Free?\n\nThe short answer is YES! Both pure rolled oats and flour made form them are\ngluten free. However, if the oats are processed in facilities with wheat and\nother grains, there’s a good chance they’ll contain traces of gluten. If you\nare looking for certified gluten free oat flour, all you need to do is make\nsure the oats you purchase say “certified gluten free” and then you can make\nyour own flour at a fraction of the cost.\n\nNo need to worry, there are multiple sources of gluten-free oats and flours\nthis one is my favorite. Or you can take matters into your own hands, like\nwe’re doing today, and make homemade oat flour!\n\n## How to Make Oatmeal Flour\n\nMaking oat flour is wonderfully simple, and I have a hard time figuring out\nwhy people haven’t caught on sooner. Homemade Oat Flour has all the benefits\nand quality of store-bought, and it’s way less expensive. All you need is a\nblender/food processor and old-fashioned oats.\n\n 1. Add 1 to 2 cups old-fashioned oats to a blender or food processor.\n 2. Place the lid on, and give it a go on high speed until the oats turn into a fine powder.\n 3. Transfer to an air-tight container and store for in the pantry for about 3 months.\n\nTo make oats flour, I always use my Blendtec. Now, you probably already know I\nlove using my Blendtec for my favorite smoothie recipes but it’s the by far\nthe best tool for making your own flours as well!\n\nIf you don’t have a Blendtec yet, you’re in luck! If you use the special code\nLF20OFF to get 20% off!\n\n## Oat Flour Recipes\n\nOat flour has a 1:1 ratio for regular flour making it one of the best gluten-\nfree flours available. You can use it for pancakes, muffins, waffles, and\nquick bread recipes with delicious results. It’s nutty flavor harmonizes with\ningredients such as honey, vanilla, cinnamon, and nutmeg.\n\nRecipe: Applesauce Bread A quick, comforting treat you can whip up with basic\npantry staples. It’s super moist and great a breakfast or packed into lunches.\n\nRecipe: Lemon Poppyseed Zucchini Muffins Super moist lemon poppy seed muffins\nwith zucchini are healthier than the coffee shops and just as tasty!\n\nRecipe: Cheddar Apple Sausage Muffins Try this savory breakfast muffin for a\nchange. Loaded with sausage, chopped apple, and cheese, it’s an incredible\nbreakfast you can enjoy on the go.\n\nRecipe: Healthy Banana Oatmeal Muffins No need for mixing bowls because these\nmuffins are made in the blender! They’re light, moist and everything a banana\nbreakfast muffin should be.\n\nIt doesn’t stop with these delicious recipes! You can use this flour in so\nmany baking recipes to make them gluten free! But let’s get started with the\ncomplete instructions for homemade oat flour. And if you are looking for more\ngluten free recipes, be sure to check out our grain free meal plans. You’ll\nget fresh recipes every week that are gluten free and unbelievably delicious!\n\nPrint Recipe| Pin Recipe\n\n## How to Make Oat Flour\n\n★★★★★\n\n4.9 from 8 reviews\n\nSimple instructions to make gluten free oat flour. Perfect for baking!\n\n * Author: MOMables\n * Prep Time: 2 minutes\n * Cook Time: 3 minutes\n * Total Time: 5 minutes\n * Yield: 1 cup 1x\n * Category: How-to\n\n### Ingredients\n\nScale\n\n * 1 cup rolled or old fashion oats\n\n### Instructions\n\n 1. Place the oats into the bowl of your food processor.\n 2. Pulse the oats until they are ground into a powder-like consistency.\n 3. Depending on the speed and power of your food processor, this process should take 60 seconds or less.\n 4. Stop and stir to ensure that all the oats have been finely ground.\n 5. One cup of rolled oats will yield approximately 1 cup of oat flour.\n 6. Store unused portion in air tight container.\n\n### Equipment\n\nFood Processor\n\nBuy Now →\n\nBlender\n\nBuy Now →\n\n### Nutrition\n\n * Serving Size: 1⁄4 cup\n * Calories: 75\n * Sugar: 0g\n * Sodium: 0g\n * Fat: 0g\n * Saturated Fat: 0.3g\n * Trans Fat: 0g\n * Carbohydrates: 13.5g\n * Fiber: 2g\n * Protein: 2.5g\n * Cholesterol: 0g\n\nKeywords: oatmeal flour, gluten free baking\n\n### Did you make this recipe?\n\nTag @MOMables on Instagram and hashtag it #momables\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Wydell\n\nJanuary 02, 2021 at 5:31 pm\n\nHi! Has anyone tried this using a ninja food processor? Mine isn’t extremely\npowerful and I don’t want to spend 30 minutes making flour.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Brenda Dodd\n\nNovember 09, 2020 at 6:04 pm\n\nThank you so much for this. I knew there was away but didn’t know how. I’m\nplanning on making a glutton free Cornbread stuffing but don’t but glutton\nfree flour as it is kind of expensive. I’m making this for a friend of mine\nwho can only eat glutton free foods and I’m having her and her hubby over but\nI didn’t want her to have any concerns regarding the food. Thanks again...\n\n★★★★★\n\nReply\n\n 3. Mary\n\nOctober 27, 2020 at 4:13 am\n\nI have read that If you are using flour Mande this way you cannot substitute\nlike for like as oat flour is much lighter. Can you clarify this for me\nplease. I want to use my old family recipe to make my Xmas cakes but am unsure\nas to the weight of oat flour to use. These cakes are expensive to make so I\ndon’t want to risk an expensive disaster.\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables-Laura\n\nOctober 29, 2020 at 4:47 pm\n\nYou can use homemade flour for baked goods but be sure to sub the oat flour\nfor regular flour by weight and not volume. This will require a kitchen scale.\n\nReply\n\n * Tam\n\nFebruary 03, 2021 at 6:23 am\n\nThank you for this tip! Great recipes!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Marie\n\nApril 02, 2020 at 6:23 pm\n\nWould like to make pound cake with oat flour. If recipe calls for 1-3/4 cups\nall purpose flour how much oat flour do I use?\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables - Laura\n\nApril 06, 2020 at 12:01 pm\n\nYou would use the same amount, except, you should expect your pound cake to be\nmuch denser not light and airy.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Elaine\n\nMarch 30, 2020 at 6:41 pm\n\nThis just dawned on me – I googled making oat flour. thank you for this\ninformation. I am ready to try it, and hoping I can buy more oats if I can’t\nbuy flour and bread in the supermarket. NZ has buy outs of bread and flour\ntoo!! If you are not in the shop at the time shelves are filled you need to go\nback, and who wants to do that just now with covid 19 around!! keep safe.\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables - Laura\n\nApril 01, 2020 at 12:08 pm\n\nGlad you found this helpful Elaine!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Baygirl\n\nMarch 27, 2020 at 4:24 pm\n\n2020-03-27 Forgot dog buscuits while grocery shopping today, and googled\ninstructions on how to make homemade dog biscuits. Since our Covid-19 is here,\nI prefer to avoid another trip to the grocery. Your idea suited our recipe\n100% Thanks so much. I had bought lots of Large Flake Oats on sale, and now I\nhave yet another good use for them! Cheers from Ottawa Canada.\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables - Laura\n\nMarch 30, 2020 at 2:03 pm\n\nI’m so glad this worked out well for you! Those are some lucky pups!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Rolyn\n\nFebruary 14, 2020 at 4:06 am\n\nCan I make oatmeal smooth porridge with the flour for a 6 months baby?\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables - Laura\n\nFebruary 14, 2020 at 12:09 pm\n\nthat’s how I made baby oat porridge!\n\nReply\n\n 8. Kemmy\n\nApril 10, 2019 at 9:59 am\n\nCan I use quick cooking oat instead of rolled oat?\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables - Laura\n\nApril 19, 2019 at 1:57 pm\n\nYes you can.\n\nReply\n\n * Emanuele Guidetti\n\nJanuary 01, 2020 at 1:22 pm\n\nOh thank you very much for all your advice and helpful support\n\nReply\n\n 9. Jamie Warn\n\nDecember 21, 2018 at 2:40 pm\n\nYou just saved me! Need oat flour for GF apple crumb cake I am making my\nsister and didn’t have any oat flour, but I do have rolled oats and a food\nprocessor\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables - Laura\n\nDecember 21, 2018 at 5:40 pm\n\nWoohoo! Enjoy the apple crumble.\n\nReply\n\n 10. Lisa\n\nSeptember 08, 2017 at 7:40 am\n\nThanks so much for the tip! It took all of 10 seconds to make.\n\nReply\n\n 11. grand prix story 2 cheats\n\nAugust 23, 2017 at 5:04 am\n\nThis page definitely has all of the information and facts I needed about this\nsubject and didn’t know who to ask.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Judy Kaspar\n\nNovember 24, 2016 at 2:47 pm\n\nCan I make rice flour the same way as making oat flour? And also, is there an\narticle with instructions for coconut flour? I want to make treats for your\ntwo dogs that are healthy.\n\nReply\n\n * Stephanie Schneller\n\nDecember 05, 2016 at 12:03 pm\n\nYes, you can make rice flour the same way you make oat flour. There are no\n“instructions” to coconut flour but it’s not the type of flour that can be\nsubstituted 1:1 with regular flour. Coconut flour is the type of ingredient\nyou use following a recipe.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Felipe\n\nAugust 27, 2016 at 10:22 pm\n\nI make the oat flour and mix cacao powder and sugar, and then whip it in the\nNutribullet for a quick drink with Almond milk, it is sooooo good! In Mexico\nits already made its called Avena Rivero, but when I can’t go to Mexico I make\nmy own, its that simple. Very healthy drink.\n\n★★★★\n\nReply\n\n * Emilie Hebert\n\nAugust 28, 2016 at 7:55 pm\n\nThat sounds so delicious! Great idea!\n\nReply\n\n * Beatriz Thornton\n\nNovember 12, 2020 at 10:32 am\n\nSounds good and nutritious, I use monk fruit sugar as I am pre-diabetic oats\nare great for colesterol. Thank you for this great site with so many healthy\nideas.\n\nReply\n\n 14. Berit Hall\n\nMay 12, 2016 at 9:12 am\n\nJust used my Magic Bullet to grind my oat meal in an attempt to have\nflour...within 15-20 second I had flour, just like the store bought, and for a\nfraction of what I would have paid at the store! Why did’t I think of this\nbefore??? Thank you for posting this suggestion! My life will be so much\neasier now, and less expensive.....\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nMay 12, 2016 at 4:19 pm\n\nIt really is the best tip! I’m so glad you can now make your own. :)\n\nReply\n\n 15. dave\n\nJanuary 02, 2016 at 12:30 am\n\nCan I use steel cut oats to make oat flour (instead of rolled oats)? Thanks\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nJanuary 04, 2016 at 2:40 pm\n\nYes you can. just make sure they are finely ground.\n\nReply\n\n * G.baritt\n\nFebruary 14, 2016 at 7:11 pm\n\nYes, there is nothing different, steel cut are oats that have been put through\na special machine that orients the groats in one direction where they the ends\ncut off\n\nReply\n\n 16. Jennifer\n\nOctober 31, 2015 at 1:54 pm\n\nCan I use Oat flour like white flour? I do not like to use white flour because\nof the processing.\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nOctober 31, 2015 at 2:42 pm\n\nnot in all recipes Jennifer.\n\nReply\n\n * Ashley\n\nApril 18, 2018 at 9:09 am\n\nFor most baking needs. Yes! I use it for cooking muffins, cookies and bread\nand it comes out fanatastic. I also use baking soda to help with rising it.\n\nReply\n\n 17. nancy\n\nSeptember 21, 2015 at 5:01 pm\n\nGreat ideas. Thanks. New to gluten-free cooking.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Willietta\n\nSeptember 10, 2015 at 5:26 pm\n\nI began grinding my oatmeal and love it. I use it in place of flour. I make a\nstack of pancakes and refrigerate them. I also roll skinless chicken in it and\nput 2 Tbs. of coconut oil in skillet and fried. Delicious!!!!! I even fried\nfish in it. Never going back to regular flour. My husband even love it.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Natalie\n\nMay 12, 2015 at 1:11 pm\n\nI ground quick oats to use for flour to make chocolate chip cookies. They\nspread out completely flat, except for the chips that stayed in the center.\nAfter adjusting the cooking time with no success, I stirred in some quick oats\n(un-ground) to tighten up the dough some, That seemed to help. Any\nsuggestions? Some baking powder maybe?\n\nReply\n\n * Cathy\n\nOctober 01, 2015 at 10:46 am\n\nYou may need to adjust: sugar, fat, flour, or other ingredients. Somewhere\nthere is a graphic showing which ingredient causes which problem. ...too flat,\ntoo crunchy and so on. Sorry I couldn’t be more specific at this time.\n\nReply\n\n * Sarah\n\nFebruary 09, 2016 at 3:46 pm\n\nYou might want to try adding a bit of corn or potato startch.\n\nI am excited to try making my own oat flour. I’m trying (slowly) to get me and\nmy oldest son on a gluten free diet.\n\n★★★★★\n\nReply\n\n * Lisa\n\nOctober 15, 2018 at 6:50 am\n\nCould it be because she used quick oats and not just regular oats?\n\nReply\n\n 20. Toni\n\nMay 12, 2015 at 9:43 am\n\nThanks for the simple instructions. I am gluten intolerant. Oat flour is so\nexpensive but great because it is lower in carbohydrates. I am definitely\ngoing to try this.\n\n★★★★★\n\nReply\n\n 21. Dori Berg\n\nApril 10, 2015 at 6:23 pm\n\nAnother great way to grind your oats into flour is to use a coffee grinder. I\nhave used mine often to make oat flour. This would not work if you need to\nmake a larger quantity but if you are just using oat flour for one recipe it\nwill work just fine.\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nApril 11, 2015 at 2:05 pm\n\ngreat tip!\n\nReply\n\n 22. Hannah\n\nOctober 21, 2014 at 3:04 pm\n\nCan you use a magic bullet for this? If so, which blade? There is a flat one\nand then one with prongs that stick up in the air.\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nOctober 22, 2014 at 2:32 pm\n\nyes you can use your magic bullet. Use the one that chops.\n\nReply\n\n * Nikki\n\nDecember 02, 2014 at 11:36 am\n\nI use my magic bullet for this yes. And I use it with the flat blade and it’s\nflour in just a few seconds. Good Luck!\n\nReply\n\n * Cathy\n\nOctober 01, 2015 at 10:42 am\n\nMy coffee grinder has one end curved up and the other down, and it just made\nvery nice flour.\n\nReply\n\n 23. Leah\n\nMarch 23, 2014 at 4:46 pm\n\nHow long does the oat flour last in a air tight container in the pantry?\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nMarch 24, 2014 at 3:19 pm\n\nPantry: 2months Freezer 4months\n\nReply\n\n 24. Lou\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 3:53 pm\n\nCan same be accomplished with a blender??? Or is the food processor a must??\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 9:00 pm\n\nYou can do this in a blender too. Just give the blender a good shake.\n\nReply\n\n * Queeneth\n\nApril 25, 2019 at 3:12 pm\n\nThank you u just answered my question\n\n★★★★★\n\nReply\n\n 25. Cassie\n\nJanuary 15, 2014 at 5:27 am\n\nHi Elaine.\n\nThank you for the great advise, however there is a huge error on your page,\noats are absolutely NOT gluten-free. They along with Barley, Rye and Wheat are\nthe main four gluten grains. Other grains include Kamut and Spelt.\n\nPlease look into this as it could be potentially fatal for a coeliac.\n\n★★★★★\n\nReply\n\n * Kaj\n\nFebruary 06, 2014 at 6:22 pm\n\nCertified gluten free oats DO NOT contain gluten. That is why they say very\nplainly on the package “certified gluten free”.\n\nPeople with celiac disease can be sensitive to oats even if the oats are\ncertified gluten free. There is a certain protein in oats that can cause the\nsame reaction in patients with celiac disease as gluten does, even if the oats\nare certified gluten free.\n\nThe best thing to do is ask the person. If the food item is for a surprise,\nthe prudent thing would be to avoid the oats so you don’t risk causing them\nundue problems.\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nFebruary 07, 2014 at 2:19 pm\n\nCassie, certified GF oats do not contain gluten. They are, however, often\ncross contaminated in production facilities which is why if someone suffers\nfrom celiacs disease they should check the packaging.\n\nReply\n\n 26. Elaine\n\nDecember 02, 2013 at 10:36 pm\n\nI make and use oat flour for pancakes and waffles.\n\nRecipe :\n\n2 cups of oat flour, 2 eggs, tsp. baking powder, 1/2 tsp. cinnamon, 1 tsp.\nvanilla, buttermilk (you can use regular milk as we’ll) the amount of milk is\nbetween a pint and pint and a half. If making waffles at a tbsp. of melted\nbutter. Add pecans, walnuts, blueberries or what ever your heart desires. I\nadd ground flaxseed to mine as we’ll. You will never go back to boxed mix\nagain. Almond milk will NOT brown pancake or waffle. Oh, I ground my own\noatmeal. If you refrigerate, it will thicken. Just thin with any liquid.\nEggnog is great too!\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nDecember 02, 2013 at 11:40 pm\n\nI MUST test this out Elaine! thank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Anne\n\nDecember 06, 2013 at 12:30 pm\n\nWhat do you mean almond milk will not brown the pancakes?\n\nReply\n\n * MYO-MI\n\nOctober 25, 2015 at 1:42 pm\n\nLove this recipe....added it to my favorites list....thankyou very much...MYO-\nMI.\n\n★★★★★\n\nReply\n\n 27. joe\n\nNovember 15, 2013 at 8:42 pm\n\nOne cup of rolled oats will yield approximately LESS THAN 1 cup of oat flour.\n1 cup rolled oats = “approximately” 3/4-1 cup oat flour\n\n★★★★★\n\nReply\n\n * James\n\nApril 28, 2015 at 7:08 am\n\nI tried making my own oat flour for the first time. I used an immersion\nblender on the high setting, which worked quite well for 1/2 cup proportions.\nI used 1 1/3 cups of quick cooking rolled oats and got 1 1/3 cups of flour\nminus a little more than 1/2 tablespoon. So for 1 cup of flour, if you want to\nbe precise, I recommend 1 cup of rolled oats plus a rounded teaspoon.\n\nReply\n\n * mike\n\nOctober 19, 2016 at 8:04 am\n\nhow many gram this rounded teaspoon?\n\nReply\n\n 28. Shautel\n\nApril 06, 2013 at 12:01 pm\n\nI used quick cooking oats. Is there a difference? I am also going to store in\nFreezer..\n\nReply\n\n * Lori\n\nJanuary 10, 2014 at 8:39 am\n\nI JUST made some lemon shortbread cookies with quick cooking oats turned into\nflour using my vitamix and they were DELICIOUS!!! Worked like a charm.\n\nReply\n\n * Eddie\n\nApril 16, 2015 at 10:08 pm\n\nThe difference between quick cooking oats is that they are typically rolled\nout thinner and steamed slightly longer in the processing facility as opposed\nto standard “old fashioned” oats. Same oat so use it as any non quick cooking\noat.\n\nReply\n\n 29. Allison Waken\n\nFebruary 19, 2013 at 12:29 am\n\nLove this tip! We make our own almond flour the same way!\n\nReply\n\n * Juanita Miller\n\nNovember 21, 2016 at 1:43 pm\n\nDo you use the ground almonds made into flour the same as you would use flour\nor oatmeal flour?Thank you so much for this hint at the almond flour is very\nexpensive.\n\nReply\n\n * MOMables\n\nNovember 22, 2016 at 7:17 pm\n\nYes, you can finely grind almonds to make into almond meal, although it’s hard\nfor it to have a uniform consistency when ground at home.\n\nReply\n\n### Trackbacks\n\n 1. Easy Fluffy Gluten Free Pancakes (with Recipe Video!) | Laura Fuentes says:\n\nSeptember 3, 2020 at 2:11 PM\n\n[...] for Gluten-Free Banana Oatmeal Pancakes. This recipe is also\ndelightfully fluffy, and you can make your own oat flour if you don’t already\nhave a gluten-free flour option on [...]\n\nReply\n\n 2. Bananas Foster Overnight Steel Cut Oats | Laura Fuentes says:\n\nSeptember 3, 2020 at 12:44 PM\n\n[...] using steel-cut oats can be used to make oat flour or to make my\nStrawberry Overnight Steel-Cut Oats recipe, it’s time we take it up a [...]\n\nReply\n\n 3. Strawberry Overnight Steel Cut Oats | Laura Fuentes says:\n\nSeptember 3, 2020 at 12:20 PM\n\n[...] I’m here to tell you that steel-cut oats can be used to make oat flour\nor to make a delicious breakfast that practically cooks itself. I mean,\nthere’s no [...]\n\nReply\n\n 4. Strawberry Overnight Steel Cut Oats | Laura Fuentes says:\n\nSeptember 3, 2020 at 11:03 AM\n\n[...] I’m here to tell you that steel-cut oats can be used to make oat flour\nor to make a delicious breakfast that practically cooks itself. I mean,\nthere’s no [...]\n\nReply\n\n 5. Bananas Foster Overnight Steel Cut Oats | Laura Fuentes says:\n\nSeptember 3, 2020 at 11:02 AM\n\n[...] using steel-cut oats can be used to make oat flour or to make my\nStrawberry Overnight Steel-Cut Oats recipe, it’s time we take it up a notch\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n 6. Healthy Pumpkin Cookies Kids Love | All She Cooks says:\n\nAugust 27, 2020 at 6:39 AM\n\n[...] thing that I do with these cookies is I blend the oats before mixing\nthem [...]\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n#### Hi, I'm Laura\n\nI help you eliminate processed foods and added sugar from your family's diet\nwith organized meal plans or a 30-day reset. Show me how.\n\n## Footer\n\n^ back to top\n\n### Sample Meal Plan\n\n### Browse\n\n * Recipe Index\n * Weekly Meal Plan\n * Clean Eating Program\n * Who We Are\n\n### Resources\n\n * Meal Planning\n * Picky Eating\n * Clean Eating\n * Contact Us\n\nPrivacy | Permissions | Membership Terms\n\nCOPYRIGHT © 2020 LAURA FUENTES · DESIGN BY FUENTES MEDIA\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bakeinfo.co.nz/Facts/Gluten/What-role-does-gluten-play-in-bread-making-", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411003421/https://www.bakeinfo.co.nz/Facts/Gluten/What-role-does-gluten-play-in-bread-making-", "parsed_text": { "title": "What role does gluten play in bread making?- BakeInfo (Baking Industry Research Trust)", "passages": [ "Gluten is a protein. Bread flour does not contain large amounts of protein (approx. between 10.5 – 13%) but it is very important for the bread making process. When flour is mixed with water, the gluten swells to form a continuous network of fine strands. This network forms the structure of bread dough and makes it elastic and extensible.", "In the diagram below the bread making steps are listed and the role which gluten plays in these steps are highlighted.", "The addition of water to flour causes hydration of the Gliadin and Glutenin proteins and leads to the formation of gluten.", "Stress induced by mixing breaks bonds between protein chains, allowing the chains to move and become realigned. The new bonds that are formed allow relaxation of the dough.", "Gluten strengthening (or oxidising) agents, such as, ascorbic acid stimulate the formation of these new bonds, strengthening the dough structure.", "If gluten is too weak it can’t stretch in thin films around the air bubbles produced during fermentation. The gas bubbles would then swell and burst, causing the loaf to lack volume.", "If gluten is too strong then it won’t stretch so the gas bubbles can’t expand causing a very dense loaf.", "A model which can be used to explain the mixing and proofing stages is the action of bubble gum. Firstly the gum is hydrated in the mouth by saliva then mixed and softened by chewing until it forms an elastic mass. This is then able to expand and support an air bubble.", "This sets the gluten so that it is no longer elastic and determines the bread size and shape. This change does not reverse when bread is cooled.", "The end result after removal from the oven and cooling, should be a firm but open and light textured loaf of bread." ] }, "parsed_md": "What role does gluten play in bread making?- BakeInfo (Baking Industry\nResearch Trust)\n\nMembers Area\n\nBrowse: Home > Facts > Gluten > What role does gluten play in bread making?\n\n * Wheat & Milling\n * Bread making\n * Biscuits\n * Cakes\n * Pastry\n * Pasta\n * Gluten\n\n * Do grains apart from wheat contain gluten?\n * Uses of Gluten\n * How is Gluten manufactured?\n * What role does gluten play in bread making?\n * What happens without gluten in bread?\n * Why is extra gluten needed in some breads?\n * What role does gluten play in cake and biscuit making?\n * Nutrition\n * Regulations\n * Common Terms\n\n# What role does gluten play in bread making?\n\nGluten is a protein. Bread flour does not contain large amounts of protein\n(approx. between 10.5 – 13%) but it is very important for the bread making\nprocess. When flour is mixed with water, the gluten swells to form a\ncontinuous network of fine strands. This network forms the structure of bread\ndough and makes it elastic and extensible.\n\nIn the diagram below the bread making steps are listed and the role which\ngluten plays in these steps are highlighted.\n\nKneading/High Speed mixing in bakeries\n\n * The addition of water to flour causes hydration of the Gliadin and Glutenin proteins and leads to the formation of gluten.\n * This stage “works” the dough, stretching the gluten complexes.\n * Stress induced by mixing breaks bonds between protein chains, allowing the chains to move and become realigned. The new bonds that are formed allow relaxation of the dough.\n * Gluten strengthening (or oxidising) agents, such as, ascorbic acid stimulate the formation of these new bonds, strengthening the dough structure.\n\n \n--- \n \nProofing (Rising)\n\n * At this stage starch breakdown and fermentation occur.\n * As bread dough ferments and proves, the yeast produces carbon dioxide gas that causes the gluten network to expand.\n * This leaves an open cellular structure with the gasses trapped in pockets.\n\nThe quality of gluten in dough is very important:\n\n * If gluten is too weak it can’t stretch in thin films around the air bubbles produced during fermentation. The gas bubbles would then swell and burst, causing the loaf to lack volume.\n * If gluten is too strong then it won’t stretch so the gas bubbles can’t expand causing a very dense loaf.\n\n \n \nA model which can be used to explain the mixing and proofing stages is the\naction of bubble gum. Firstly the gum is hydrated in the mouth by saliva then\nmixed and softened by chewing until it forms an elastic mass. This is then\nable to expand and support an air bubble. \n \nBaking\n\n * As bread bakes, the gluten protein coagulates.\n * This sets the gluten so that it is no longer elastic and determines the bread size and shape. This change does not reverse when bread is cooled.\n * The end result after removal from the oven and cooling, should be a firm but open and light textured loaf of bread.\n\n \n \nContact Us\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n\n * Careers\n * Newsletter\n * Competitions & Awards\n * Research Grants\n * Technology Transfer Seminars 2019\n * Links\n * Contact Us\n * Ask Us\n\n * Ask an Expert\n * Frequently Asked Questions\n * Library\n * Facts\n\n * Wheat & Milling\n * Bread making\n * Biscuits\n * Cakes\n * Pastry\n * Pasta\n * Gluten\n * Nutrition\n * Regulations\n * Common Terms\n * Hot Topics\n\n * News\n * Events\n * School Zone\n\n * Baking Basics\n * Regional Science & Technology Fairs\n * Careers\n * Teacher Resources\n * Recipes\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--1039/flour-storage-guide.asp", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210420012632/https://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--1039/flour-storage-guide.asp", "parsed_text": { "title": "Flour Storage Guide", "passages": [ "Reviewed By AuntBea \"Interesting article. I use several of these different types of flour and I ... read full review\"", "Most types of flour keep well in a sealed container in a cool, dry, and dark location. The original paper packaging used for many types of flour is fine for long term storage as long as the package has not been opened. Once open, the shelf life decreases. Many types of flour are now marketed in resealable plastic bags that increase shelf life.", "The refrigerator is a very good storage area for flour, but the use of a sealed container is even more important to prevent the flour from absorbing moisture as well as odors and flavors from other foods stored in the refrigerator. The freezer compartment can be used for long-term storage, but when using a sealed container or a freezer bag, make sure it is full to eliminate as much air as possible. Most types of flour can also be tightly wrapped for freezer storage, but wrapping is often an awkward method for storing large quantities. Wrap the flour tightly in plastic followed by a layer of aluminum foil. Avoid refrigerating or freezing flour in its original paper packaging because paper is porous and the flour may absorb moisture and odors, however if the flour has not been opened, the paper package can be stored in the refrigerator of freezer if the package is tightly wrapped with plastic.", "Flour milled from whole grains does not keep as long as highly refined flour because the germ portion of the whole grain can cause the flour to become rancid over time. Flour that does not look or smell good should not be used. It is best to buy smaller quantities of flour if you are finding it necessary to continually discard the flour due to spoilage.", "The original paper packaging is fine for long term cabinet storage as long as the package has not been open.", "Most types of flour keep longer in a cool, dry cabinet if stored in a sealed plastic or glass container.", "The refrigerator is a very good storage area for flour, but the use of a sealed container is even more important to prevent the flour from absorbing moisture as well as odors and flavors from other foods stored in the refrigerator.", "The freezer is usually the best location for long term storage. Use sealed plastic containers or freezer bags for optimum freshness.", "| Shelf- Life: for cabinet storage, up to 8 months if properly stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped, and for refrigerator storage, up to one year. ---|---", "Shelf- Life: up to 6 months in the freezer if properly stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped.", "Other Considerations: will not keep well if it is stored in a warm location or if it is exposed to sunlight. The flavor and aroma of amaranth flour will become bitter if it is stored improperly or for an excessively long period.", "Shelf Life: up to 4 months in the freezer in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped. The flour has a short shelf life when stored in a cabinet.", "Shelf Life: several months in a cool, dry cabinet when stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped, and up to one year in the freezer.", "Shelf Life: 4 to 5 months when stored in the refrigerator and up to one year in the freezer when stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped.", "Other Considerations: has a high oil content (because of the bran and germ), which causes it to become rancid if stored improperly or if stored for an excessive length of time.", "Shelf Life: up to 2 to 3 months in the refrigerator and for 6 months or longer in the freezer in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped.", "Shelf Life: up to one year in a cool, dark cabinet if properly stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped. The shelf life increases if the flour is stored in the freezer.", "Shelf Life: 2 or 3 months if properly stored in a cool, dry cabinet in an airtight container that does not permit light to pass through. It will keep 6 months in the freezer.", "Other Considerations: exposure to light will deteriorate the effectiveness of the omega-3 fatty acids in the flaxseed meal/flour, which are so effective in reducing cholesterol. When shopping for flaxseed meal/flour, look for packages that protect it from exposure to light.", "Shelf Life: several months in the refrigerator and 6 months or more in the freezer if properly stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped.", "Other Considerations: whole-grain Kamut flour usually lasts longer than whole- grain wheat flour because it has a lower moisture content than wheat.", "Shelf Life: about one year if properly stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped in the freezer. It will keep several months in a cool, dry cabinet.", "Shelf Life: millet flour will keep for about 2 months in the refrigerator and 6 months or longer in the freezer. The flour should be tightly wrapped for refrigerator or freezer storage. A completely filled and sealed glass jar also works well for refrigerator storage.", "Other Considerations: can become rancid quite rapidly if it is not properly stored. It is usually best to grind millet as needed to ensure the best flavor.", "Shelf Life: up to 3 months cabinet storage if stored in sealed containers or if tightly wrapped and up to 6 months if stored in the freezer.", "Shelf Life: whole-grain rye flour should be stored in the refrigerator, tightly wrapped or in an airtight container, where it will keep for several months. It will keep in the freezer for up to a half-year.", "Other Considerations: If stored properly, rye flour with the germ removed will keep for longer periods than whole-grain rye flour.", "| Shelf- Life: for cabinet storage, 4 to 6 months if properly stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped, and for refrigerator storage, up to one year if sealed properly.", "Shelf Life: 5 to 7 months if properly stored, tightly wrapped or tightly sealed plastic or glass containers. The refrigerator or freezer are the best locations for storage.", "Shelf Life: if stored in sealed containers or if tightly wrapped, spelt flour will keep for several months in a cool, dry cabinet and 6 to 12 months in the freezer.", "Shelf Life: when stored in tightly sealed containers or if tightly wrapped, teff flour will keep for 4 months in the freezer.", "Shelf Life: when properly stored, in a tightly covered container in a cool dry location, white rice flour may last indefinitely.", "Shelf Life: 6 months to one year in the freezer if stored in tightly sealed plastic containers or if tightly wrapped. It will keep for only a few months if stored in a cabinet.", "Other Considerations: a drawback with whole-wheat flour, regardless of the milling process, is that its shelf life is shorter than highly processed white flour varieties due to the presence of the wheat germ, resulting in an unsaturated oil content that is higher than refined flour. The potential for rancidity is greater if whole-wheat flour is kept for long periods and particularly if it is not stored under refrigerated conditions. It is best to store whole-wheat flour in a tightly sealed container in the refrigerator or freezer.", "\"Interesting article. I use several of these different types of flour and I often wondered about the shelf life of some of them. It looks like I need to get rid of a couple of them and buy fresh. Thanks for the information.\"", "Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is strictly prohibited. © Copyright 2021 Tecstra Systems, All Rights Reserved, RecipeTips.com" ] }, "parsed_md": "Flour Storage Guide - How To Cooking Tips - RecipeTips.com\n\nRecipes\n\n|\n\nTips & Advice\n\n|\n\nGlossary\n\n|\n\nVideos\n\n|\n\nCommunity\n\n|\n\nSeasonal\n\n|\n\nMy Recipe Box\n\nJoin Now | Sign In\n\nLoading\n\nAdvanced Search\n\n# Flour Storage Guide\n\nHow To's\n\nFlour ▼\n\nFlour Types\n\nFlour Shopping Guide\n\nFlour Preparation Guide\n\n\\+ Larger Image\n\nRead Reviews (1)\n\nProvided By RecipeTips\n\nReviewed By AuntBea \"Interesting article. I use several of these different\ntypes of flour and I ... read full review\"\n\nShare this!\n\nSave\n\nRate & Review\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nMost types of flour keep well in a sealed container in a cool, dry, and dark\nlocation. The original paper packaging used for many types of flour is fine\nfor long term storage as long as the package has not been opened. Once open,\nthe shelf life decreases. Many types of flour are now marketed in resealable\nplastic bags that increase shelf life.\n\nThe refrigerator is a very good storage area for flour, but the use of a\nsealed container is even more important to prevent the flour from absorbing\nmoisture as well as odors and flavors from other foods stored in the\nrefrigerator. The freezer compartment can be used for long-term storage, but\nwhen using a sealed container or a freezer bag, make sure it is full to\neliminate as much air as possible. Most types of flour can also be tightly\nwrapped for freezer storage, but wrapping is often an awkward method for\nstoring large quantities. Wrap the flour tightly in plastic followed by a\nlayer of aluminum foil. Avoid refrigerating or freezing flour in its original\npaper packaging because paper is porous and the flour may absorb moisture and\nodors, however if the flour has not been opened, the paper package can be\nstored in the refrigerator of freezer if the package is tightly wrapped with\nplastic.\n\nFlour milled from whole grains does not keep as long as highly refined flour\nbecause the germ portion of the whole grain can cause the flour to become\nrancid over time. Flour that does not look or smell good should not be used.\nIt is best to buy smaller quantities of flour if you are finding it necessary\nto continually discard the flour due to spoilage.\n\nShelf Life\n\n * The original paper packaging is fine for long term cabinet storage as long as the package has not been open.\n * Most types of flour keep longer in a cool, dry cabinet if stored in a sealed plastic or glass container.\n * The refrigerator is a very good storage area for flour, but the use of a sealed container is even more important to prevent the flour from absorbing moisture as well as odors and flavors from other foods stored in the refrigerator.\n * The freezer is usually the best location for long term storage. Use sealed plastic containers or freezer bags for optimum freshness.\n * Flour that does not look or smell good should not be used.\n\n \n--- \n \nAll-purpose Flour\n\n| Shelf- Life: for cabinet storage, up to 8 months if properly stored in a\nsealed container or if tightly wrapped, and for refrigerator storage, up to\none year. \n---|--- \n \nAmaranth Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf- Life: up to 6 months in the freezer if properly stored in a sealed\ncontainer or if tightly wrapped.\n\nOther Considerations: will not keep well if it is stored in a warm location or\nif it is exposed to sunlight. The flavor and aroma of amaranth flour will\nbecome bitter if it is stored improperly or for an excessively long period. \n \nBarley Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: up to 4 months in the freezer in a sealed container or if tightly\nwrapped. The flour has a short shelf life when stored in a cabinet. \n \nBread Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: several months in a cool, dry cabinet when stored in a sealed\ncontainer or if tightly wrapped, and up to one year in the freezer. \n \nBrown Rice Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: 4 to 5 months when stored in the refrigerator and up to one year\nin the freezer when stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped.\n\nOther Considerations: has a high oil content (because of the bran and germ),\nwhich causes it to become rancid if stored improperly or if stored for an\nexcessive length of time. \n \nBuckwheat Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: up to 2 to 3 months in the refrigerator and for 6 months or longer\nin the freezer in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped. \n \nCorn Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: up to one year in a cool, dark cabinet if properly stored in a\nsealed container or if tightly wrapped. The shelf life increases if the flour\nis stored in the freezer. \n \nFlaxseed Meal/Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: 2 or 3 months if properly stored in a cool, dry cabinet in an\nairtight container that does not permit light to pass through. It will keep 6\nmonths in the freezer.\n\nOther Considerations: exposure to light will deteriorate the effectiveness of\nthe omega-3 fatty acids in the flaxseed meal/flour, which are so effective in\nreducing cholesterol. When shopping for flaxseed meal/flour, look for packages\nthat protect it from exposure to light. \n \nJob's Tears Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: several months in the refrigerator and 6 months or more in the\nfreezer if properly stored in a sealed container or if tightly wrapped. \n \nKamut® Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: up to one year freezer storage if properly stored in a sealed\ncontainer or if tightly wrapped.\n\nOther Considerations: whole-grain Kamut flour usually lasts longer than whole-\ngrain wheat flour because it has a lower moisture content than wheat. \n \nMasa Harina\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: about one year if properly stored in a sealed container or if\ntightly wrapped in the freezer. It will keep several months in a cool, dry\ncabinet. \n \nMillet Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: millet flour will keep for about 2 months in the refrigerator and\n6 months or longer in the freezer. The flour should be tightly wrapped for\nrefrigerator or freezer storage. A completely filled and sealed glass jar also\nworks well for refrigerator storage.\n\nOther Considerations: can become rancid quite rapidly if it is not properly\nstored. It is usually best to grind millet as needed to ensure the best\nflavor. \n \nOat Four\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: up to 3 months cabinet storage if stored in sealed containers or\nif tightly wrapped and up to 6 months if stored in the freezer. \n \nQuinoa Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: 4 to 6 months in the freezer if stored in sealed containers or if\ntightly wrapped. \n \nRye Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: whole-grain rye flour should be stored in the refrigerator,\ntightly wrapped or in an airtight container, where it will keep for several\nmonths. It will keep in the freezer for up to a half-year.\n\nOther Considerations: If stored properly, rye flour with the germ removed will\nkeep for longer periods than whole-grain rye flour. \n \nSelf-Rising Flour\n\n| Shelf- Life: for cabinet storage, 4 to 6 months if properly stored in a\nsealed container or if tightly wrapped, and for refrigerator storage, up to\none year if sealed properly. \n \nSorghum Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: 4 months freezer storage if properly stored in sealed containers\nor if tightly wrapped. \n \nSoy Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: 5 to 7 months if properly stored, tightly wrapped or tightly\nsealed plastic or glass containers. The refrigerator or freezer are the best\nlocations for storage.\n\nOther Considerations: full-fat versions of soy flour do not keep as long as\nthe fat-free versions. \n \nSpelt Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: if stored in sealed containers or if tightly wrapped, spelt flour\nwill keep for several months in a cool, dry cabinet and 6 to 12 months in the\nfreezer. \n \nTeff Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: when stored in tightly sealed containers or if tightly wrapped,\nteff flour will keep for 4 months in the freezer. \n \nWhite Rice Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: when properly stored, in a tightly covered container in a cool dry\nlocation, white rice flour may last indefinitely. \n \nWhole-Wheat Flour\n\n|\n\nShelf Life: 6 months to one year in the freezer if stored in tightly sealed\nplastic containers or if tightly wrapped. It will keep for only a few months\nif stored in a cabinet.\n\nOther Considerations: a drawback with whole-wheat flour, regardless of the\nmilling process, is that its shelf life is shorter than highly processed white\nflour varieties due to the presence of the wheat germ, resulting in an\nunsaturated oil content that is higher than refined flour. The potential for\nrancidity is greater if whole-wheat flour is kept for long periods and\nparticularly if it is not stored under refrigerated conditions. It is best to\nstore whole-wheat flour in a tightly sealed container in the refrigerator or\nfreezer. \n \nMore Flour >>\n\nSave\n\nRate & Review\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nLoading\n\nAdvanced Search\n\n## Flour Storage Guide Reviews\n\n#### flour storage guide\n\n:\n\nAverage of 5.00 out of 5 stars\n\nRatings (1)\n\nRate It!\n\nReviews (1)\n\nAdd A Review Now!\n\nComments (0)\n\nComment on this\n\nReviewed By AuntBea\n\n\"Interesting article. I use several of these different types of flour and I\noften wondered about the shelf life of some of them. It looks like I need to\nget rid of a couple of them and buy fresh. Thanks for the information.\"\n\nFlour Types\n\nFlour Cooking Guide\n\nFlour Nutritional Facts\n\nFlour Tips and Substitutions\n\nFlour Shopping Guide\n\nTypes of Wheat Flour\n\nTypes of Non-Wheat Flour - Grains\n\nTypes of Non-Wheat Flour - Seeds\n\nTypes of Non-Wheat Flour - Legumes\n\nFlour Preparation Guide\n\nTypes of Non-Wheat Flour - Tubers\n\nCommercial Flour Milling\n\nWhere to Buy Flour\n\nChoosing the Correct Wheat Flour\n\nHome Flour Milling\n\nMeasuring Flour\n\nMixing Methods\n\nDredging and Coating\n\nRelated Recipes\n\nflour tortillas\n\ncake flour substitute 2\n\nflour substitute for sweet recipes\n\nflour and salt finger paint uncooked\n\nRelated Glossary Terms\n\nyam flour\n\nfood storage containers\n\nwater chestnut flour\n\ntriticale flour\n\nFollow Us!\n\nCharts\n\nRecipes\n\nTips\n\nBeef Cooking Times\n\nChicken Cooking Times\n\nCooking Temperature and Time\n\nFood Substitutions\n\nHam Cooking Times\n\nHow Much To Buy\n\nLamb Cooking Times\n\nPork Cooking Times\n\nTurkey Cooking Times\n\nPopular Recipe Pages\n\nRecipe Search\n\nRecipes A to Z\n\nPopular Recipes\n\nRecipe Search\n\nSeasonal Recipes\n\nOur Newest Recipes\n\nRecipes A to Z\n\nAll About Sweet Corn\n\nGrilling Cooking Tips and Advice\n\nGrilling and Broiling Chicken\n\nSeasonal Cooking Tips\n\nSeasonal Cooking Videos\n\nCooking Tips Index\n\nAdvertisement\n\nFind similar... 2 of 20 (below)\n\nGo >\n\n3 .. 20\n\nbread storage guide\n\nflour cooking guide\n\nGo >\n\n3 .. 20\n\nAdvertisement\n\nMobile Site | Contact Us | Site Index | Promotions | Terms of Use | Privacy\nPolicy | Advertise | Licensing\n\nReproduction in whole or in part without written permission is strictly\nprohibited. © Copyright 2021 Tecstra Systems, All Rights Reserved,\nRecipeTips.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.thekitchn.com/whats-the-difference-between-steel-cut-rolled-and-instant-oats-138355", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210425163921/http://www.thekitchn.com/whats-the-difference-between-steel-cut-rolled-and-instant-oats-138355", "parsed_text": { "title": "What’s the Difference Between Steel-Cut, Rolled, and Instant Oats?", "passages": [ "Spring, summer, winter, and fall — no matter the season, oatmeal is king of the breakfast table. It’s warm, satisfying, and hearty enough to carry us through to lunchtime. Beyond a hot bowl at breakfast, oats show up in pancakes, muffins, cookies, granola bars, and so much more.", "All oats start off as oat groats — the whole, unbroken grains. Before being processed into any other variety of oat, groats are usually roasted at a very low temperature. This not only gives the oats their nice toasty flavor, but the heat also inactivates the enzyme that causes oats to go rancid, making them more shelf-stable.", "The difference between steel-cut, rolled, and instant oats is simply how much the oat groat has been processed. This also results in each variety having a distinct texture and varying cook times.", "Also referred to as Irish or Scottish oats, this type of oatmeal is processed by chopping the whole oat groat into several pieces, rather than rolled. Steel-cut oats look almost like rice that’s been cut into pieces. This variety takes the longest to cook, and has a toothsome, chewy texture that retains much of its shape even after cooking.", "In addition to being used for porridge, steel-cut oats can also be used to make meatloaf and savory congee (a nice alternative to rice), or to add texture to stuffing.", "Also called old-fashioned or whole oats, rolled oats look like flat, irregularly round, slightly textured discs. When processed, the whole grains of oats are first steamed to make them soft and pliable, then pressed to flatten them.", "Rolled oats cook faster than steel-cut oats, absorb more liquid, and hold their shape relatively well during cooking. In addition to be heated for a warm breakfast bowl, rolled oats are commonly used in granola bars, cookies, muffins, and other baked goods.", "Instant oats can be used in place of rolled oats, although the cook time will be much less, and the final dish will not have as much texture.", "Also referred to as quick oats, instant oats are the most processed of the three oat varieties. They are pre-cooked, dried, and then rolled and pressed slightly thinner than rolled oats. They cook more quickly than steel-cut or rolled oats, but retain less of their texture, and often cook up mushy.", "Rolled oats can be used in place of instant oats, although it will require more cook time, and the final dish will have more texture.", "While these varieties have undergone a different level of processing, resulting in different textures and cook times, there is one thing they all have in common: nutritional value. Steel-cut, rolled, and instant oats all have the same nutritional profile since they’re all made from whole oat groats." ] }, "parsed_md": "What’s the Difference Between Steel-Cut, Rolled, and Instant Oats? | Kitchn\n\nNewsletters\n\nIngredient Intelligence\n\nBaking Ingredients\n\nbreakfast\n\n# What’s the Difference Between Steel-Cut, Rolled, and Instant Oats?\n\nby Kelli Foster\n\npublished Nov 3, 2015\n\nSaveComments\n\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\nmay earn a commission.\n\n(Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\nSpring, summer, winter, and fall — no matter the season, oatmeal is king of\nthe breakfast table. It’s warm, satisfying, and hearty enough to carry us\nthrough to lunchtime. Beyond a hot bowl at breakfast, oats show up in\npancakes, muffins, cookies, granola bars, and so much more.\n\nWatch\n\nTender Baked Oatmeal Cups\n\nAll oats start off as oat groats — the whole, unbroken grains. Before being\nprocessed into any other variety of oat, groats are usually roasted at a very\nlow temperature. This not only gives the oats their nice toasty flavor, but\nthe heat also inactivates the enzyme that causes oats to go rancid, making\nthem more shelf-stable.\n\nSteel-cut, rolled, and instant oats. (Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\n### The Difference Between Steel-Cut, Rolled, & Instant Oats\n\nThe difference between steel-cut, rolled, and instant oats is simply how much\nthe oat groat has been processed. This also results in each variety having a\ndistinct texture and varying cook times.\n\nSteel-Cut Oats (Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\n### Steel-Cut Oats\n\nAlso referred to as Irish or Scottish oats, this type of oatmeal is processed\nby chopping the whole oat groat into several pieces, rather than rolled.\nSteel-cut oats look almost like rice that’s been cut into pieces. This variety\ntakes the longest to cook, and has a toothsome, chewy texture that retains\nmuch of its shape even after cooking.\n\nIn addition to being used for porridge, steel-cut oats can also be used to\nmake meatloaf and savory congee (a nice alternative to rice), or to add\ntexture to stuffing.\n\nBecause of its toothsome texture, rolled or instant oats don’t make a good\nsubstitute for steel-cut oats.\n\n### Recipes with Steel-Cut Oats\n\n * How to Cook Steel-Cut Oats in 30 Minutes\n * How To Make Creamy Make-Ahead Steel-Cut Oatmeal\n * Mocha Crunch Steel-Cut Oatmeal\n\nRolled Oats (Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\n### Rolled Oats\n\nAlso called old-fashioned or whole oats, rolled oats look like flat,\nirregularly round, slightly textured discs. When processed, the whole grains\nof oats are first steamed to make them soft and pliable, then pressed to\nflatten them.\n\nRolled oats cook faster than steel-cut oats, absorb more liquid, and hold\ntheir shape relatively well during cooking. In addition to be heated for a\nwarm breakfast bowl, rolled oats are commonly used in granola bars, cookies,\nmuffins, and other baked goods.\n\nInstant oats can be used in place of rolled oats, although the cook time will\nbe much less, and the final dish will not have as much texture.\n\n### Recipes with Rolled Oats\n\n * 4-Ingredient Banana Oat Bars\n * Spiced Carrot Oat Breakfast Cookies\n * Blueberry Pie Overnight Oats\n\nInstant Oats (Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\n### Instant Oats\n\nAlso referred to as quick oats, instant oats are the most processed of the\nthree oat varieties. They are pre-cooked, dried, and then rolled and pressed\nslightly thinner than rolled oats. They cook more quickly than steel-cut or\nrolled oats, but retain less of their texture, and often cook up mushy.\n\nRolled oats can be used in place of instant oats, although it will require\nmore cook time, and the final dish will have more texture.\n\n→ Want to know what brand to buy? The Instant Oatmeal Taste Test: We Tried 6\nBrands and Here’s Our Favorite\n\n### One Surprising Thing These Oats Have in Common\n\nWhile these varieties have undergone a different level of processing,\nresulting in different textures and cook times, there is one thing they all\nhave in common: nutritional value. Steel-cut, rolled, and instant oats all\nhave the same nutritional profile since they’re all made from whole oat\ngroats.\n\nThis post has been updated – originally published in February 2011.\n\nKelli Foster\n\nFood Editor, Plan & Prep\n\nKelli is the Food Editor for Plan & Prep content for Kitchn. She's a graduate\nof the French Culinary Institute and author of the cookbooks, The Probiotic\nKitchen, Buddha Bowls, and Everyday Freekeh Meals. She lives in New York.\n\nFollow Kelli\n\nSaveComments\n\nFollow us\n\nKitchn is a part of the AT Media family. AT Media is Apartment Therapy,\nKitchn, and Cubby.\n\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\nit!\n\nKitchn is © 1994-2021 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bobsredmill.com/whole-grain-oat-flour.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210227125815/https://www.bobsredmill.com/whole-grain-oat-flour.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Whole Grain Oat Flour :: Bob's Red Mill Natural Foods", "passages": [ "| Amount Per Serving| % Daily Value ---|---|--- Calories| 160 Calories from Fat| 25 Total Fat| 3 g| 5 % Saturated Fat| 0.5 g| 3 % Trans Fat| 0 g| 0 % Cholesterol| 0 mg| 0 % Sodium| 0 mg| 0 % Total Carbohydrate| 26 g| 9 % Dietary Fiber| 4 g| 16 % Sugars| 0 g| N/A Protein| 7 g| 14 % Vitamin A| 0 % Vitamin C| 0 % Calcium| 2 % Iron| 10 %", "Percent Daily Values (DV) are based on a 2000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.", "Whole Grain Oat Flour is freshly milled from whole grain oat groats and includes all of the nutritious germ, bran and endosperm. Nothing is added and nothing is removed. Oat flour can be used to replace up to 20% of the flour in most baked goods for unique flavor and increased nutrition.", "Bob's Red Mill Whole Grain Oat Flour is a great way to make whole grains part of your healthy diet. Made from pure oats, our Oat Flour has a subtle, sweet whole grain flavor.", "Whole grain oats make an incredibly nutritious and beneficial oat flour. Not only are oats an excellent source of dietary fiber, they also reduce serum cholesterol levels in the body. Oats are higher in protein and healthy fats, and lower in carbohydrates than most other whole grains. They contain more soluble fiber than any other grain.", "Add some healthy and delicious Whole Grain Oat Flour to your baking recipe or as a thickener or breading. Oat flour can replace up to 20% of the flour in your recipe. Using Oat Flour in your favorite pancake, pie crust, muffin, biscuit or bread recipe adds true whole grain oat flavor and wholesome nutrition. You can view the full oat flour nutrition breakdown in the tab above. Be sure to check your cookbooks for recipes using this wholesome and nutritious flour and browse our oat flour recipes here.", "As a continued commitment to the quality of the products we make and sell, all of Bob’s Red Mill products are certified Kosher by OK Kosher Certification of Brooklyn, New York.", "This product is 100% whole grain. It includes all of the nutritious bran, germ and endosperm that whole grains offer.", "All Bob’s Red Mill products are vegetarian. This product is also vegan, meaning it does not include eggs, dairy or honey.", "By submitting this form, you agree to receive marketing communication from Bob's Red Mill. Your personal information will never be loaned, rented, sold, or in any other way shared." ] }, "parsed_md": "Whole Grain Oat Flour :: Bob's Red Mill Natural Foods\n\nFree shipping on most orders over $59. More Info\n\nToggle Nav\n\nMy Cart\n\n * My Account\n * Sign In\n\nSearch\n\nFind A Store\n\nSkip to the end of the images gallery\n\nSkip to the beginning of the images gallery\n\n# Whole Grain Oat Flour\n\nWhole Grain\n\nVegan\n\n$3.69\n\nIn stock\n\nSKU\n\nMTX1375\n\nNutritional Facts\n\nServing Size: 1/3 cup(40g)\n\nServings Per Container: 15\n\n| Amount Per Serving| % Daily Value \n---|---|--- \nCalories| 160 \nCalories from Fat| 25 \nTotal Fat| 3 g| 5 % \nSaturated Fat| 0.5 g| 3 % \nTrans Fat| 0 g| 0 % \nCholesterol| 0 mg| 0 % \nSodium| 0 mg| 0 % \nTotal Carbohydrate| 26 g| 9 % \nDietary Fiber| 4 g| 16 % \nSugars| 0 g| N/A \nProtein| 7 g| 14 % \nVitamin A| 0 % \nVitamin C| 0 % \nCalcium| 2 % \nIron| 10 % \n* Percent Daily Values (DV) are based on a 2000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs. \n \nIngredients Whole Grain Oat Flour\n\n*Manufactured in a facility that also uses tree nuts, soy, wheat, and milk \n \nNutritional Information & Ingredients\n\nWhole Grain Oat Flour is freshly milled from whole grain oat groats and\nincludes all of the nutritious germ, bran and endosperm. Nothing is added and\nnothing is removed. Oat flour can be used to replace up to 20% of the flour in\nmost baked goods for unique flavor and increased nutrition.\n\nDescription\n\nBob's Red Mill Whole Grain Oat Flour is a great way to make whole grains part\nof your healthy diet. Made from pure oats, our Oat Flour has a subtle, sweet\nwhole grain flavor.\n\nWhole grain oats make an incredibly nutritious and beneficial oat flour. Not\nonly are oats an excellent source of dietary fiber, they also reduce serum\ncholesterol levels in the body. Oats are higher in protein and healthy fats,\nand lower in carbohydrates than most other whole grains. They contain more\nsoluble fiber than any other grain.\n\nAdd some healthy and delicious Whole Grain Oat Flour to your baking recipe or\nas a thickener or breading. Oat flour can replace up to 20% of the flour in\nyour recipe. Using Oat Flour in your favorite pancake, pie crust, muffin,\nbiscuit or bread recipe adds true whole grain oat flavor and wholesome\nnutrition. You can view the full oat flour nutrition breakdown in the tab\nabove. Be sure to check your cookbooks for recipes using this wholesome and\nnutritious flour and browse our oat flour recipes here.\n\n### To Your Good Health\n\n * #### Kosher\n\nAs a continued commitment to the quality of the products we make and sell, all\nof Bob’s Red Mill products are certified Kosher by OK Kosher Certification of\nBrooklyn, New York.\n\n * #### Whole Grain\n\nThis product is 100% whole grain. It includes all of the nutritious bran, germ\nand endosperm that whole grains offer.\n\n * #### Vegan\n\nAll Bob’s Red Mill products are vegetarian. This product is also vegan,\nmeaning it does not include eggs, dairy or honey.\n\nReviews\n\nQ&A;\n\nRecipes\n\nVIEW\n\nMTX1375\n\nYou have been subscribed.\n\nBy submitting this form, you agree to receive marketing communication from\nBob's Red Mill. Your personal information will never be loaned, rented, sold,\nor in any other way shared.\n\n#### Customer Service\n\n * Contact Us\n * Order Status\n * FAQs\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n\n#### About Us\n\n * Meet Bob\n * Diversity & Equity\n * The Mill\n * Employee Ownership\n * Giving Back\n * Non-GMO Project Verified\n\n#### Resources\n\n * COVID-19 Response\n * eBooks & Learning Center\n * Join our Team\n * Media Contact Info\n * Donation Requests\n * Sustainability\n\n#### Shop\n\n * Shop Online\n * Find a Store\n * Whole Grain Store\n * Shop Internationally\n * Food Service\n * Product Catalog\n\n© 1978 - 2021 Bob’s Red Mill Natural Foods. Phone Orders: (800) 349-2173\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n * youtube\n * pinterest\n * instagram\n\n" } ]
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How To Get Used to Waking up Early for School
It can be hard to get used to waking up early for school, but you can do it if you make small changes. If you can, try to start going to bed 15 minutes earlier each night for the 1-2 weeks leading up to the start of the new school year. Wake up 15 minutes earlier each day, as well. Eat breakfast early during those weeks, and get dressed each day as though you were heading to school. This will help reset your internal clock, so you’ll be ready when school starts.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210510090742/https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/features/when-you-have-trouble-waking-up?printing=true", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171122163338/https://www.fitnessmagazine.com/health/sleep/become-a-morning-person/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423083821/https://www.everydayhealth.com/photogallery/goodnightsleep.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210705174614/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110113082716.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210427164633/https://healthyeating.sfgate.com/negative-effects-eating-before-bed-3027.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200313000520/https://www.nigms.nih.gov/education/pages/factsheet_circadianrhythms.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518121827/https://www.webmd.com/parenting/features/get-kids-up-for-school", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171211192655/http://articles.chicagotribune.com:80/2012-07-08/news/ct-met-night-light-sleep-20120708_1_blue-light-bright-light-steven-lockley", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180826210946/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/23/reading-before-bed_n_6372828.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190204131503/https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-topics/caffeine-and-sleep", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211019163811/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390443866404577565781327694346", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210812180843/https://www.everydayhealth.com/sleep-pictures/tricks-to-waking-up-in-the-morning.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161019034751/http://www.mensfitness.com:80/weight-loss/success-stories/10-best-ways-get-better-sleep/slide/4", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181125074641/https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-news/back-school-sleep-tips", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210826162319/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/10-foods-boost-your-brainpower", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150508064802/http://psychcentral.com:80/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-bedtime/0006577", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170105054652/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/28/benefits-exercise-sleep-science_n_3823526.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201019163013/http://dailyburn.com/life/lifestyle/simple-snacks-better-sleep/" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/features/when-you-have-trouble-waking-up", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210510090742/https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/features/when-you-have-trouble-waking-up?printing=true", "parsed_text": { "title": "When You Have Trouble Waking Up", "passages": [ "Is it so hard to fall asleep you can't wake up in the morning? Here's how to embrace your inner early bird.", "Brian Cyphers has always had trouble falling asleep at a \"normal\" hour. A few years ago, when the 24-year-old Chicagoan was dozing off between 3 and 5 in the morning and had to wake up at 6:30 to get to his job as a data entry clerk at a lab, he knew it was time to seek help.", "Cyphers sought assistance from Lisa Shives, MD, medical director of Northshore Sleep Medicine in Evanston, Ill., and a specialist in sleep disorders. Shives frequently sees patients who want to alter their night owl ways. \"People can modify their sleep patterns, but it's not easy,\" Shives says. Being a \"morning\" vs. \"night\" person is so ingrained in one's nature that Shives sometimes tells late-nighters to seek careers with delayed start times.", "The reason Shives' job is so difficult might lie in our genes. Two sleep disorders -- advanced sleep phase syndrome, which causes bedtimes of between 6 p.m. and 9 p.m., and delayed sleep phase, where patients fall asleep between 1 a.m. and 4 a.m. -- are both often inherited. Advanced sleep phase is less common, affecting less than 1% of middle-aged and older adults. As for delayed sleep phase syndrome, researchers don't know how many people have it, but (to name one group of people) 7% to 16% of young adults do, according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders.", "The greater incidence of delayed sleep phase may explain why night owls seek help more often than larks -- there are simply more of them. In addition, their shut-eye patterns frequently interrupt normal school or work schedules because their late bedtimes cause difficulty waking up at an appropriate hour.", "Beyond genes, sleep patterns are influenced by a strong biological pull. The body's circadian rhythm dictates what time a person falls asleep and wakes up, and that can be very difficult to change. \"Normally, I can help them a bit,\" Shives says. \"If patients are going to bed at 4 in the morning, I'm not going to get them to 11 p.m. But I can roll them back to 1 or 2 a.m., and that generally makes them pretty happy.”", "And 1 a.m. to 2 a.m. is Cyphers' new bedtime, too -- not optimal, but an improvement nonetheless. \"I don't feel like I can take on the world every day, but I do feel better,\" he says.", "Want to become more of a lark? Sleep disorder specialist Lisa Shives, MD, has some suggestions for embracing your inner morning person:", "Move your bedtime back by 15 minutes every three to four days. On these days, also wake up 15 minutes earlier. Adhere to this plan seven days a week (not just weekdays) until you're falling asleep at -- or close to -- the desired hour.", "Get sunlight. Natural sunlight helps reset your circadian clock. If you are a night owl, set your alarm for 7 a.m. and get outside for 30 minutes to have breakfast or to walk the dog. Also, keep your shades open so your room fills with light in the morning to help you wake up.", "Take 0.5 to 1 milligram of melatonin before you want to go to bed; this will help set your circadian rhythm so you can fall asleep at a more appropriate time. Ask a sleep specialist when you should take it.", "If these methods don't work, speak to a sleep specialist. Night owls, like shift workers, might have increased risk of diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and certain cancers. One option you can ask your doctor about is light therapy. This treatment allows you to get light from a small light box to help reset your body clock, without medication.", "Above all, remember that these steps are difficult and require discipline, so you really must want to change your sleep patterns." ] }, "parsed_md": "When You Have Trouble Waking Up\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Menu\n\n### Healthy Sleep Home\n\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * Medications\n * Find a Neurologist\n\n### Healthy Sleep Guide\n\n * Good Sleep Habits\n * Sleep Disorders\n * Other Sleep Problems\n * What Affects Sleep\n * Tests & Treatments\n * Tools & Resources\n\n### Related to Healthy Sleep\n\n * Circadian Rhythm\n * Drug Interaction Checker\n * Insomnia\n * Restless Legs Syndrome\n * Sleep Apnea\n * Snoring\n * Teeth Grinding\n * Track Your Sleep\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Sleep Disorders\n * Feature Stories\n\n### Menu\n\n# When You Have Trouble Waking Up\n\nIs it so hard to fall asleep you can't wake up in the morning? Here's how to\nembrace your inner early bird.\n\nBy Jennifer Dixon\n\nReviewed by Michael J. Breus, PhD on July 08, 2010\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nBrian Cyphers has always had trouble falling asleep at a \"normal\" hour. A few\nyears ago, when the 24-year-old Chicagoan was dozing off between 3 and 5 in\nthe morning and had to wake up at 6:30 to get to his job as a data entry clerk\nat a lab, he knew it was time to seek help.\n\nCyphers sought assistance from Lisa Shives, MD, medical director of Northshore\nSleep Medicine in Evanston, Ill., and a specialist in sleep disorders. Shives\nfrequently sees patients who want to alter their night owl ways. \"People can\nmodify their sleep patterns, but it's not easy,\" Shives says. Being a\n\"morning\" vs. \"night\" person is so ingrained in one's nature that Shives\nsometimes tells late-nighters to seek careers with delayed start times.\n\n## Sleep Phase Disorders\n\nThe reason Shives' job is so difficult might lie in our genes. Two sleep\ndisorders -- advanced sleep phase syndrome, which causes bedtimes of between 6\np.m. and 9 p.m., and delayed sleep phase, where patients fall asleep between 1\na.m. and 4 a.m. -- are both often inherited. Advanced sleep phase is less\ncommon, affecting less than 1% of middle-aged and older adults. As for delayed\nsleep phase syndrome, researchers don't know how many people have it, but (to\nname one group of people) 7% to 16% of young adults do, according to the\nInternational Classification of Sleep Disorders.\n\n#### Continued\n\nThe greater incidence of delayed sleep phase may explain why night owls seek\nhelp more often than larks -- there are simply more of them. In addition,\ntheir shut-eye patterns frequently interrupt normal school or work schedules\nbecause their late bedtimes cause difficulty waking up at an appropriate hour.\n\nBeyond genes, sleep patterns are influenced by a strong biological pull. The\nbody's circadian rhythm dictates what time a person falls asleep and wakes up,\nand that can be very difficult to change. \"Normally, I can help them a bit,\"\nShives says. \"If patients are going to bed at 4 in the morning, I'm not going\nto get them to 11 p.m. But I can roll them back to 1 or 2 a.m., and that\ngenerally makes them pretty happy.”\n\nAnd 1 a.m. to 2 a.m. is Cyphers' new bedtime, too -- not optimal, but an\nimprovement nonetheless. \"I don't feel like I can take on the world every day,\nbut I do feel better,\" he says.\n\n## How to Wake Up More Easily\n\nWant to become more of a lark? Sleep disorder specialist Lisa Shives, MD, has\nsome suggestions for embracing your inner morning person:\n\nMove your bedtime back by 15 minutes every three to four days. On these days,\nalso wake up 15 minutes earlier. Adhere to this plan seven days a week (not\njust weekdays) until you're falling asleep at -- or close to -- the desired\nhour.\n\nGet sunlight. Natural sunlight helps reset your circadian clock. If you are a\nnight owl, set your alarm for 7 a.m. and get outside for 30 minutes to have\nbreakfast or to walk the dog. Also, keep your shades open so your room fills\nwith light in the morning to help you wake up.\n\nShut off electronic media or bright lights two hours before bedtime.\n\nTake 0.5 to 1 milligram of melatonin before you want to go to bed; this will\nhelp set your circadian rhythm so you can fall asleep at a more appropriate\ntime. Ask a sleep specialist when you should take it.\n\n#### Continued\n\nIf these methods don't work, speak to a sleep specialist. Night owls, like\nshift workers, might have increased risk of diabetes, obesity, heart disease,\nand certain cancers. One option you can ask your doctor about is light\ntherapy. This treatment allows you to get light from a small light box to help\nreset your body clock, without medication.\n\nAbove all, remember that these steps are difficult and require discipline, so\nyou really must want to change your sleep patterns.\n\nWebMD Magazine - Feature\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES:\n\nBryan Cyphers, Chicago.\n\nNational Sleep Foundation: \"2009 Sleep in America Poll, Highlights and Key\nFindings.\"\n\nLisa Shives, MD, medical director, Northshore Sleep Medicine, Evanston, Ill.\n\nAmerican Psychological Association: \"APA Survey Raises Concern about Parent\nPerceptions of Children's Stress.\"\n\nJoyce Walsleban, PhD, RN, associate professor of medicine, New York University\nSchool of Medicine.\n\nAlon Avidan, MD, associate professor of neurology; associate director, UCLA\nSleep Disorders Program.\n\nTaylor D. Sleep, November 2005; vol 28: pp 1457-1464.\n\nMarch of Dimes: \"Caffeine, What You Need to Know.\"\n\n© 2010 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Why You Snore and How to Stop\n * Video: Yoga for Better Sleep\n * What's Causing Your Aches?\n * Your Sleep Position and Your Health\n * What's the Best Sleep Position?\n * [ss_icon]13 Jobs That Can Wreck Your Sleep\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n#### Fight Fatigue\n\n12 reasons why you're tired -- and how to fight them.\n\n#### Sleep Apnea\n\nCan you tell myth from fact?\n\n#### Zzzzzzzzzzz\n\nWhat do your dreams say about you?\n\n#### Wake-Up Tips\n\n11 ways to make the morning easier.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nQuiz\n\n#### What Do Your Dreams Say About You?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### How Your Sleep Position Affects Your Health\n\nArticle\n\n#### ADHD and Sleep Problems\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Why You Need ZZZs\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Foods That Help or Harm Your Sleep\n\nTools\n\n#### Still Awake? Get Personalized Tips to Help You Sleep\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Insomnia? Test Your Sleep Smarts\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Sleep Problems: Your Essential Guide\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Why You Snore and How to Stop\n * Jobs That Wreck Your Sleep\n * Why You Need to Get Enough Sleep\n * 10 Ways to Rest With a Cold\n * Video: Yoga Moves for Better Sleep\n * What's the Best Sleep Position?\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Discover Immunotherapy\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Life with Cancer\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Give the Gift of Life\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Living With Ankylosing Spondylitis\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * Living Better With T2 Diabetes\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2021 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.fitnessmagazine.com/health/sleep/become-a-morning-person/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171122163338/https://www.fitnessmagazine.com/health/sleep/become-a-morning-person/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Become a Morning Person", "passages": [ "Can a night owl become a morning person? Follow our very own staffer as she learns how to sleep better and love waking up in the mornings.", "I have always wanted to be one of those women who jump out of bed and into a pair of running shoes at 7 a.m. What an amazing feeling: to stroll into work after a three-mile jog, a Spinning class, or a series of sun salutations. I wouldn't know.", "\"Um, really?\" my husband asks on Monday night when I tell him I'm going to the gym the next morning at seven. Why the skepticism? He shoots me a knowing look.", "7:00 a.m. Alarm blares. Ugh, I should get up. SNOOZE 7:15 a.m. My gym clothes are right there! I laid them out on my chair last night! SNOOZE 7:30 a.m. I should at least get up and do a workout DVD. SNOOZE 7:45 a.m. Too late to work out; might as well cozy up and sleep some more. SNOOZE 8:00 a.m. Now I have to get up or else I'll be late.", "Clearly my morning sluggishness is cramping my workout style. But can I change my night-owl ways? Because I've snoozed through the better part of three decades, I'm pretty sure I'm just inherently lazy. But I'm determined to try, so I call in the troops: the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. After I tell them about my mission to get more out of my mornings, they set me up with my very own sleep guru, Colette Haward, MD, a psychiatrist in New York City. At our first meeting, my future as an early riser looks bright. \"There's a genetic component to your circadian clock. But for many people, behavioral changes make a big difference,\" Dr. Haward says. She tells me that it typically takes a few weeks to get on a better sleep schedule. I'm yawning already.", "The first question Dr. Haward asks me is how much I sleep. \"A lot! I turn in by midnight and get up around eight. Why is it so difficult to get out of bed every morning?\" I complain. She tells me to track when I get into bed, fall asleep, and get up and if I wake during the night for two weeks. \"This is the best way to objectively assess whether you have a sleep disorder or just need to change your habits,\" she explains.", "The log is, well, eye-opening. Most nights my head hits the pillow closer to 2 a.m. Seriously? No wonder I'm a zombie in the mornings; the eight hours I thought I was snoozing just turned into six. \"Many people think they're getting more or less than they actually are,\" Dr. Haward says. \"Your sleep cycle is pushed back a few hours. It's delayed at night, which causes excessive sleepiness in the morning and during the day.\"", "Another red flag is my weekend wake-up time -- a not-so-respectable 10 or 11 a.m. Sleeping two hours later on Saturday and Sunday throws off my internal clock during the week. \"We all have a 24-hour clock that regulates our sleep- wake cycle,\" Dr. Haward explains. It lives in your brain and enlists a team of hormone helpers to knock you out and wake you up. Cortisol is like your butt- kicking personal trainer who shows up in the morning -- or in my case, around noon -- to rev you up, while melatonin is a mellow meditation instructor who drops in at night -- er, 2 a.m.! -- to help you wind down. It's not news to me that I should get up at the same time every day, but I'm more likely to do it now that I know why I should.", "I learn from my snooze sage that to get back on track, I need to stick to a reasonable sleep schedule. But a little research shows me there isn't a one- size-fits-all answer to how much I need each night. When Harvard Medical School scientists monitored hormone levels in people who slept more than nine hours nightly and compared them with those of others who slept less than six, the sleepyheads secreted more melatonin. Translation: Some bodies are hardwired for more sleep, others less. (Hmm.... Something tells me that won't fly as an excuse in the office. \"I'm so sorry I missed our 8:00 a.m. meeting, boss, but my circadian clock didn't go off.\")", "\"The best way to determine your individual sleep needs is to let your body guide you during a week of vacation. In other words, don't use an alarm clock,\" Dr. Haward says. Since I don't have any getaways coming up, she suggests that I start with seven to eight hours a night (the average amount adults need, although some naturally need more) and see how I feel. In an effort to squeeze in a morning run around Brooklyn's nearby Prospect Park, I decide to get up at 7:30, which means lights-out at 11:30 the night before. \"Be militant about these times, even on the weekends, when you're used to sleeping in. A regular schedule is crucial,\" Dr. Haward advises. She warns me that if I'm feeling more tired than usual after a couple of days on the new schedule, chances are I'm still working my way out of debt -- sleep debt, that is. Even though I'll be getting the eight hours I need, it will take a while for those two extra hours a night to have a positive impact on my energy level during the day. Although it won't happen overnight, my new schedule will help me make deposits into my sleep bank account so I'll wake up feeling energetic instead of exhausted.", "Once I know when to sleep, we discuss where I sleep. A snooze-friendly bedroom is, you guessed it, dark (light suppresses the secretion of sleep-inducing melatonin) and quiet. It also needs to be cool to allow you to sleep comfortably. \"The magic number for a sleep-friendly room is around 69 degrees Fahrenheit,\" Dr. Haward tells me. Before you sleep, your body temperature drops. As your brain releases melatonin, your body is chilling out -- literally. When the morning approaches, melatonin decreases and you start to wake up.", "Dark is easy. I've always wanted one of those \"I'm a movie star\" sleep masks. Quiet and cool in a New York City apartment are a little trickier, so I check in with Michael Breus, PhD, author of Beauty Sleep: Look Younger, Lose Weight, and Feel Great Through Better Sleep. \"Your brain constantly interprets stimuli, even while you sleep,\" Dr. Breus explains. \"A white-noise machine can block any distractions and calm your brain.\" He suggests Brookstone's Tranquil Moments Sleep Sound Therapy System (brookstone.com, $129.95), with 12 soothing settings. Now for the tough part: the variable temperature in my apartment. Like many city dwellers, I live in a building where I can't regulate my heat, so I never know if it will be sweltering or subzero. Surprisingly Dr. Breus recommends a wool blanket as a remedy. \"Wool is a fantastic insulator but also good for wicking away moisture and keeping you cool,\" he explains. I order a queen-size Natura Classic All Season Comforter ($223.20, naturaworld.com). Dark? Check. Quiet? Done. Cool? Let's hope so.", "The time has come to put my new sleep environment to the test. Dr. Haward recommends taking 30 minutes to prepare myself for sleep with a three-step plan: (1) Take a hot bath or shower (when you step out, your body temperature drops, which encourages sleep); (2) jot down a list of anything you're worried about to clear your mind; and (3) dim the lights and meditate, do some deep breathing or practice progressive relaxation, in which you slowly tense and then relax all your muscles from scalp to toes. And no more Late Show with David Letterman. Dr. Haward notes that televisions, cell phones, and computer screens all emit blue light, which has been shown to suppress melatonin production.", "I'm skeptical when 11 p.m. rolls around. Since it's Saturday, I've been up for only 12 hours. I doubt that a hot bath and a diary entry will make me tired. Plus, I've heard these sleep-inducing suggestions before. Admittedly I haven't tried them; filling the tub takes forever, meditating seems dull, and I usually finish up work or watch TiVoed episodes of 30 Rock before I hit the sack. So long, Tina Fey.", "First I hop into the shower and up the ante with a lavender body wash (a recent study in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine found that the scent helped insomniacs sleep better). On to the worry list: \"Dear worry diary, I'm worried about ...Deadline tomorrow. Meeting Wednesday. Dentist's appointment at noon. That I will never become a morning person....\" Okay, enough of that. Time to flex my zen muscle. My older, wiser, and less frazzled sister has been touting the benefits of meditation for years, so I dig through my sock drawer until I find the how-to CD she gave me. I pop it in. Ten minutes later I feel relaaaaaaxed, and, hey, it's 11:30! Lights out, sound machine on.", "The crashing waves are soothing and the comforter is cozy without feeling stifling, but I'm not even on the outskirts of the land of nod. I toss. I turn over. I'm thirsty. I think back to what Dr. Haward said to do if I couldn't fall asleep: \"After 30 minutes, get up and engage in a quiet activity. Don't flip on bright overhead lights; use a soft table lamp instead.\" Twenty minutes into a crossword puzzle in my dimly lit living room, my eyelids droop. Hooray! Oops. I mean, shhhh! Time for bed.", "On any given day, I hit the darn snoozer anywhere from three to six times. What's the big deal? Turns out, besides robbing myself of 30 to 60 minutes of sleep, I'm messing with my system. \"It generally takes about an hour to reach deep, restorative sleep. Your fragmented morning dozing actually leaves you more tired,\" Dr. Haward explains.", "Breaking up with Snooze is hard to do. Beep, beep! I want to throw the alarm clock across the room, but I can't, because Dr. Haward told me to put it in the living room. So I have to leave my comfortable bed to turn it off (well played, sleep doctor!). I stumble to the bathroom, splash some cold water on my face, clip the leash onto my dog, Theodore, and stagger out the door. \"Go outside and take a walk right when you get up,\" I recall Dr. Haward telling me. \"Bright light suppresses sleep-inducing melatonin.\" It works; 10 minutes later I feel surprisingly alert. Lesson learned: Once I'm out among the living, I'm fine. But how the heck do I crawl out from under those covers smiling instead of swearing?", "Next morning I try an alarm clock that eases me into reality. The BlueMax Sunrise System Model 320 ($129, fullspectrumsolutions.com) grows progressively brighter as 7:30 a.m. nears. \"Graduating-light alarm clocks are effective, especially during winter, when mornings are dark,\" Dr. Breus says. When I open my eyes, my mood is a little brighter too (although I would still rather go back to sleep).", "On day three, I sweeten the deal with a get-up incentive. If I wake on time, I get to watch my fave show on TiVo after Theodore's walk (a stop at your favorite coffee shop or breakfast with a pal would also work). My oatmeal is a riot with Tina Fey and Alec Baldwin, and afterward I'm positively cheerful on the subway.", "I experience a breakthrough a week later. My early-rising friend Carolina asks me to meet her at the park for a 7:45 a.m. doggie playdate. I'm pretty sure she thought I would say no on a Saturday, but I rise to the challenge. As soon as I step outside, I'm smiling. The sky seems bluer, my down parka feels cozier; I am in love with the morning! When I run into another friend at the park, she nearly falls over and asks, \"What are you doing up so early?\"", "Ever since I discovered my inner morning person, I wake up at five every day. Just kidding. But it's way easier to get out of bed most of the time. The night after my two-week experiment ended, I decided to tempt fate and not set the 7:30 alarm. I awoke at a perfectly respectable 8:00! Now I'm typically up and moving at 7:30 on weekdays and 8:30 on weekends. My energy has increased, I no longer doze off on the subway in the morning, I'm in a better mood, and I've even dropped a few pounds, thanks to my new morning running routine." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Become a Morning Person | Fitness Magazine\n\nSkip to main content\n\nUser\n\nHi, !\n\n * Update Account\n * Log In\n * Join Now\n * Newsletters\n * Subscribe\n\nSearch\n\n * Workouts\n\nWorkouts\n\n * Abs\n * Arms\n * Back\n * Butt\n * Cardio\n * Workout Playlists\n * Celebrity\n * DVDs\n * Exercise Equipment\n * Fat Burning\n * Full Body\n * Jump Rope\n * Legs\n * Pilates\n * Post Pregnancy\n * Quick Workouts\n * Resistance\n * Running\n * Strength Training\n * Stretches\n * Swimming\n * Thigh\n * Upper Body\n * Walking\n * Weight Loss\n * Workout Plans\n * Workout Songs\n * Yoga\n * More in Workouts\n\nThe Super-Sweaty 30-Day Arm Challenge That Will Sculpt Your Hottest Arms Ever\n\nThe 30-Day Burpee Challenge That Will Totally Kick Your Butt\n\n * Workout Videos\n\nWorkout Videos\n\n * Abs\n * Arms\n * Butt\n * Cardio\n * Fat Burning\n * Full Body\n * Legs\n * Thigh\n * Upper Body\n * Yoga\n * See All Videos\n\n * Healthy Eating\n\nHealthy Eating\n\n * Breakfast Recipes\n * Dinner Recipes\n * Drink Recipes\n * Food & Nutrition\n * Healthy Desserts\n * Healthy Eating Tips\n * Healthy Food Awards\n * Healthy Snacks\n * Lunch Recipes\n * Nutrition Facts\n * On-The-Go Eats\n * Smart Shopping\n * Smoothie Recipes\n * Superfoods\n * Salad Calorie Counter\n * More in Healthy Eating\n\nHealthy Grains to Eat Right Now\n\nFreezer Smoothies That Make Mornings Easier\n\n * Diets & Weight Loss\n\nDiets & Weight Loss\n\n * Diet Plans\n * 1500 Calorie\n * 7 Day\n * Anti-Aging\n * Detox\n * Fat Burning\n * High Protein\n * Juicing\n * Low Carb\n * Mediterranean\n * One Month\n * Lose Belly Fat\n * Lose the Baby Weight\n * Wedding Shape-Up\n * Motivation\n * Success Stories\n * Weight Loss Programs\n * Weight Loss Tips\n * Diets\n * More in Weight Loss\n\nThe Easiest Way to Stop Overeating\n\nThis Small Diet Tweak Could Save You More Than 200 Calories a Day\n\n * Run\n * Mind & Body\n\nMind & Body\n\n * Sex & Relationships\n * Stress Relief\n * Body Image\n * Meditation\n * Feel Your Best\n * Inspiration\n * Supplements\n * Vitamins\n\n\"Fitness Is Not a Look,\" Says California Gym Owner\n\nHow Weight Lifting Changed My Body Image Forever\n\n * Health\n\nHealth\n\n * Conditions\n * Allergies\n * Cold\n * Flu\n * High Blood Pressure\n * High Cholesterol\n * Obesity\n * Energy Boosters\n * Germs\n * Injuries\n * Back Pain\n * Knee Pain & Injuries\n * Shin Splints\n * Pain Relief\n * Sleep\n * More in Health\n\nIs Coffee *Really* Bad for You?\n\n9 Things You Need to Know About Muscle Soreness\n\n * Beauty\n\nBeauty\n\n * Skincare\n * Hair\n * Hairstyles\n * Makeup\n * Nails\n * Fashion\n * Swimwear\n * Quick Tricks\n * Beauty Awards\n * Winter Beauty & Style\n\nVitamins and Nutrients for Healthy Hair\n\nWhat Are Those Bumps on My Arms?\n\n * Shop\n\n## Submenu\n\n * Abs Workouts\n * Cardio\n * Workout Playlists & Songs\n * Best Workout Foods\n * Drinks & Smoothies\n * Be a Better Runner!\n * Sweepstakes\n\n## You are here\n\nHome / Health / Sleep\n\n# How to Become a Morning Person\n\nCan a night owl become a morning person? Follow our very own staffer as she\nlearns how to sleep better and love waking up in the mornings.\n\nBy Bethany Gumper\n\n### From Snooze-Button Addict to Morning Person\n\nI have always wanted to be one of those women who jump out of bed and into a\npair of running shoes at 7 a.m. What an amazing feeling: to stroll into work\nafter a three-mile jog, a Spinning class, or a series of sun salutations. I\nwouldn't know.\n\n\"Um, really?\" my husband asks on Monday night when I tell him I'm going to the\ngym the next morning at seven. Why the skepticism? He shoots me a knowing\nlook.\n\n### Tuesday\n\n7:00 a.m. Alarm blares. Ugh, I should get up. SNOOZE 7:15 a.m. My gym clothes\nare right there! I laid them out on my chair last night! SNOOZE 7:30 a.m. I\nshould at least get up and do a workout DVD. SNOOZE 7:45 a.m. Too late to work\nout; might as well cozy up and sleep some more. SNOOZE 8:00 a.m. Now I have to\nget up or else I'll be late.\n\nClearly my morning sluggishness is cramping my workout style. But can I change\nmy night-owl ways? Because I've snoozed through the better part of three\ndecades, I'm pretty sure I'm just inherently lazy. But I'm determined to try,\nso I call in the troops: the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. After I tell\nthem about my mission to get more out of my mornings, they set me up with my\nvery own sleep guru, Colette Haward, MD, a psychiatrist in New York City. At\nour first meeting, my future as an early riser looks bright. \"There's a\ngenetic component to your circadian clock. But for many people, behavioral\nchanges make a big difference,\" Dr. Haward says. She tells me that it\ntypically takes a few weeks to get on a better sleep schedule. I'm yawning\nalready.\n\n### Sizing Up My Zzz's\n\nThe first question Dr. Haward asks me is how much I sleep. \"A lot! I turn in\nby midnight and get up around eight. Why is it so difficult to get out of bed\nevery morning?\" I complain. She tells me to track when I get into bed, fall\nasleep, and get up and if I wake during the night for two weeks. \"This is the\nbest way to objectively assess whether you have a sleep disorder or just need\nto change your habits,\" she explains.\n\n### My Bedtime Story\n\nThe log is, well, eye-opening. Most nights my head hits the pillow closer to 2\na.m. Seriously? No wonder I'm a zombie in the mornings; the eight hours I\nthought I was snoozing just turned into six. \"Many people think they're\ngetting more or less than they actually are,\" Dr. Haward says. \"Your sleep\ncycle is pushed back a few hours. It's delayed at night, which causes\nexcessive sleepiness in the morning and during the day.\"\n\nAnother red flag is my weekend wake-up time -- a not-so-respectable 10 or 11\na.m. Sleeping two hours later on Saturday and Sunday throws off my internal\nclock during the week. \"We all have a 24-hour clock that regulates our sleep-\nwake cycle,\" Dr. Haward explains. It lives in your brain and enlists a team of\nhormone helpers to knock you out and wake you up. Cortisol is like your butt-\nkicking personal trainer who shows up in the morning -- or in my case, around\nnoon -- to rev you up, while melatonin is a mellow meditation instructor who\ndrops in at night -- er, 2 a.m.! -- to help you wind down. It's not news to me\nthat I should get up at the same time every day, but I'm more likely to do it\nnow that I know why I should.\n\n### Resetting My Internal Clock\n\nI learn from my snooze sage that to get back on track, I need to stick to a\nreasonable sleep schedule. But a little research shows me there isn't a one-\nsize-fits-all answer to how much I need each night. When Harvard Medical\nSchool scientists monitored hormone levels in people who slept more than nine\nhours nightly and compared them with those of others who slept less than six,\nthe sleepyheads secreted more melatonin. Translation: Some bodies are\nhardwired for more sleep, others less. (Hmm.... Something tells me that won't\nfly as an excuse in the office. \"I'm so sorry I missed our 8:00 a.m. meeting,\nboss, but my circadian clock didn't go off.\")\n\n### My Bedtime Story\n\n\"The best way to determine your individual sleep needs is to let your body\nguide you during a week of vacation. In other words, don't use an alarm\nclock,\" Dr. Haward says. Since I don't have any getaways coming up, she\nsuggests that I start with seven to eight hours a night (the average amount\nadults need, although some naturally need more) and see how I feel. In an\neffort to squeeze in a morning run around Brooklyn's nearby Prospect Park, I\ndecide to get up at 7:30, which means lights-out at 11:30 the night before.\n\"Be militant about these times, even on the weekends, when you're used to\nsleeping in. A regular schedule is crucial,\" Dr. Haward advises. She warns me\nthat if I'm feeling more tired than usual after a couple of days on the new\nschedule, chances are I'm still working my way out of debt -- sleep debt, that\nis. Even though I'll be getting the eight hours I need, it will take a while\nfor those two extra hours a night to have a positive impact on my energy level\nduring the day. Although it won't happen overnight, my new schedule will help\nme make deposits into my sleep bank account so I'll wake up feeling energetic\ninstead of exhausted.\n\n### Creating a Sleep Sanctuary\n\nOnce I know when to sleep, we discuss where I sleep. A snooze-friendly bedroom\nis, you guessed it, dark (light suppresses the secretion of sleep-inducing\nmelatonin) and quiet. It also needs to be cool to allow you to sleep\ncomfortably. \"The magic number for a sleep-friendly room is around 69 degrees\nFahrenheit,\" Dr. Haward tells me. Before you sleep, your body temperature\ndrops. As your brain releases melatonin, your body is chilling out --\nliterally. When the morning approaches, melatonin decreases and you start to\nwake up.\n\n### My Bedtime Story\n\nDark is easy. I've always wanted one of those \"I'm a movie star\" sleep masks.\nQuiet and cool in a New York City apartment are a little trickier, so I check\nin with Michael Breus, PhD, author of Beauty Sleep: Look Younger, Lose Weight,\nand Feel Great Through Better Sleep. \"Your brain constantly interprets\nstimuli, even while you sleep,\" Dr. Breus explains. \"A white-noise machine can\nblock any distractions and calm your brain.\" He suggests Brookstone's Tranquil\nMoments Sleep Sound Therapy System (brookstone.com, $129.95), with 12 soothing\nsettings. Now for the tough part: the variable temperature in my apartment.\nLike many city dwellers, I live in a building where I can't regulate my heat,\nso I never know if it will be sweltering or subzero. Surprisingly Dr. Breus\nrecommends a wool blanket as a remedy. \"Wool is a fantastic insulator but also\ngood for wicking away moisture and keeping you cool,\" he explains. I order a\nqueen-size Natura Classic All Season Comforter ($223.20, naturaworld.com).\nDark? Check. Quiet? Done. Cool? Let's hope so.\n\n### Establishing a Relaxing Routine\n\nThe time has come to put my new sleep environment to the test. Dr. Haward\nrecommends taking 30 minutes to prepare myself for sleep with a three-step\nplan: (1) Take a hot bath or shower (when you step out, your body temperature\ndrops, which encourages sleep); (2) jot down a list of anything you're worried\nabout to clear your mind; and (3) dim the lights and meditate, do some deep\nbreathing or practice progressive relaxation, in which you slowly tense and\nthen relax all your muscles from scalp to toes. And no more Late Show with\nDavid Letterman. Dr. Haward notes that televisions, cell phones, and computer\nscreens all emit blue light, which has been shown to suppress melatonin\nproduction.\n\n### My Bedtime Story\n\nI'm skeptical when 11 p.m. rolls around. Since it's Saturday, I've been up for\nonly 12 hours. I doubt that a hot bath and a diary entry will make me tired.\nPlus, I've heard these sleep-inducing suggestions before. Admittedly I haven't\ntried them; filling the tub takes forever, meditating seems dull, and I\nusually finish up work or watch TiVoed episodes of 30 Rock before I hit the\nsack. So long, Tina Fey.\n\nFirst I hop into the shower and up the ante with a lavender body wash (a\nrecent study in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine found\nthat the scent helped insomniacs sleep better). On to the worry list: \"Dear\nworry diary, I'm worried about ...Deadline tomorrow. Meeting Wednesday.\nDentist's appointment at noon. That I will never become a morning person....\"\nOkay, enough of that. Time to flex my zen muscle. My older, wiser, and less\nfrazzled sister has been touting the benefits of meditation for years, so I\ndig through my sock drawer until I find the how-to CD she gave me. I pop it\nin. Ten minutes later I feel relaaaaaaxed, and, hey, it's 11:30! Lights out,\nsound machine on.\n\nThe crashing waves are soothing and the comforter is cozy without feeling\nstifling, but I'm not even on the outskirts of the land of nod. I toss. I turn\nover. I'm thirsty. I think back to what Dr. Haward said to do if I couldn't\nfall asleep: \"After 30 minutes, get up and engage in a quiet activity. Don't\nflip on bright overhead lights; use a soft table lamp instead.\" Twenty minutes\ninto a crossword puzzle in my dimly lit living room, my eyelids droop. Hooray!\nOops. I mean, shhhh! Time for bed.\n\n### Bypassing the Snooze Button\n\nOn any given day, I hit the darn snoozer anywhere from three to six times.\nWhat's the big deal? Turns out, besides robbing myself of 30 to 60 minutes of\nsleep, I'm messing with my system. \"It generally takes about an hour to reach\ndeep, restorative sleep. Your fragmented morning dozing actually leaves you\nmore tired,\" Dr. Haward explains.\n\n### My Bedtime Story\n\nBreaking up with Snooze is hard to do. Beep, beep! I want to throw the alarm\nclock across the room, but I can't, because Dr. Haward told me to put it in\nthe living room. So I have to leave my comfortable bed to turn it off (well\nplayed, sleep doctor!). I stumble to the bathroom, splash some cold water on\nmy face, clip the leash onto my dog, Theodore, and stagger out the door. \"Go\noutside and take a walk right when you get up,\" I recall Dr. Haward telling\nme. \"Bright light suppresses sleep-inducing melatonin.\" It works; 10 minutes\nlater I feel surprisingly alert. Lesson learned: Once I'm out among the\nliving, I'm fine. But how the heck do I crawl out from under those covers\nsmiling instead of swearing?\n\nNext morning I try an alarm clock that eases me into reality. The BlueMax\nSunrise System Model 320 ($129, fullspectrumsolutions.com) grows progressively\nbrighter as 7:30 a.m. nears. \"Graduating-light alarm clocks are effective,\nespecially during winter, when mornings are dark,\" Dr. Breus says. When I open\nmy eyes, my mood is a little brighter too (although I would still rather go\nback to sleep).\n\nOn day three, I sweeten the deal with a get-up incentive. If I wake on time, I\nget to watch my fave show on TiVo after Theodore's walk (a stop at your\nfavorite coffee shop or breakfast with a pal would also work). My oatmeal is a\nriot with Tina Fey and Alec Baldwin, and afterward I'm positively cheerful on\nthe subway.\n\nI experience a breakthrough a week later. My early-rising friend Carolina asks\nme to meet her at the park for a 7:45 a.m. doggie playdate. I'm pretty sure\nshe thought I would say no on a Saturday, but I rise to the challenge. As soon\nas I step outside, I'm smiling. The sky seems bluer, my down parka feels\ncozier; I am in love with the morning! When I run into another friend at the\npark, she nearly falls over and asks, \"What are you doing up so early?\"\n\n### Status Check\n\nEver since I discovered my inner morning person, I wake up at five every day.\nJust kidding. But it's way easier to get out of bed most of the time. The\nnight after my two-week experiment ended, I decided to tempt fate and not set\nthe 7:30 alarm. I awoke at a perfectly respectable 8:00! Now I'm typically up\nand moving at 7:30 on weekdays and 8:30 on weekends. My energy has increased,\nI no longer doze off on the subway in the morning, I'm in a better mood, and\nI've even dropped a few pounds, thanks to my new morning running routine.\n\nOriginally published in FITNESS magazine, March 2010.\n\n### More Sleep-Better Strategies\n\n8-Minute Workout: Yoga for Better Sleep\n\nSleep Well: What to Eat for Better Sleep\n\n## Comments\n\nAdd a comment\n\n * t-shirts\n * comfort and athleisure shoes\n * face and body oils\n * yoga pants\n * joggers\n * water bottles\n * running shoes\n * performance socks\n * sports bras\n * capris and crops\n * plus size activewear bottoms\n * shorts\n * sport headbands\n * tank tops\n * skirts and dresses\n * plus size swimwear\n * body moisturizers\n * plus size activewear tops\n * sweatpants\n * sports and action cameras\n\nShop More\n\nback to top\n\n## Search Fitness\n\n## Connect with us\n\n## Shop Links\n\n * exercise equipment\n * home gym\n * rowing machines\n * jump ropes\n * exercise bikes\n * cardio machines\n * home gym machines\n * weight benches\n * exercise mats\n * weight plates\n * power racks\n * treadmills\n * kettlebells\n * pull up bars\n * core training\n * exercise bands\n * strength training\n * weights\n * ellipticals\n * foam rollers\n\nShop More\n\n## Your Account\n\n * Log In\n * Join Now!\n * Your Profile\n * Logout\n * Customer Service\n * Newsletters\n * Sweepstakes\n\n## fitnessmagazine.com\n\n * Contributors\n * Write for Us\n * 30-Day Fitness Challenge\n * Healthy Snacks Finder\n * Healthy Recipes\n * Playlists\n * Ab Workouts\n * Free Workout Videos\n * Tools and Calculators\n\n## Fitness® Magazine\n\n * Update Your Account\n * Promotions\n * Media Kit\n\n## Meredith Beauty\n\n * Fitness Magazine\n * Shape\n * Martha Stewart Weddings\n * Mywedding\n * More\n * Siempre Mujer\n\n© Copyright 2017, Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy |\nData Policy | Terms of Service | AdChoices\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.everydayhealth.com/photogallery/goodnightsleep.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423083821/https://www.everydayhealth.com/photogallery/goodnightsleep.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Photo Gallery: 12 Tips for a Good Night's Sleep", "passages": [ "When responsibilities mount, sleep is the first thing to drop off the priority list. In fact, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 3 in 10 people are getting 6 or less hours of sleep. And that's a problem since experts argue that getting adequate zzz's is as important to health and well-being as diet and exercise. If you have a hard time falling asleep, wake up often in the night, or feel exhausted and doze off in the daytime, try the following tips for a more restful slumber.", "You've heard it time and time again — wake up and go to bed at the same time every day, even on weekends. Why is this so important? It all relates to circadian rhythms. \"Sleep is a homeostatic process [a system where our bodies regulate automatically based on our daily patterns],\" says Sonia Ancoli- Israel, PhD, a professor of psychiatry at the University of California at San Diego and a spokesperson for the National Sleep Foundation. \"If you sleep in, it might affect your ability to fall asleep the next night, since you have to be awake for a certain amount of time before you'll be sleepy enough to go to sleep again.\"", "Engaging in a relaxing activity, preferably with dim lighting, helps separate sleeping times from times that elicit excitement, stress, or anxiety. Instead of trying to balance your budget or solve big family dilemmas right before bedtime, turn to soothing activities like taking a warm bath, meditating, or reading. It doesn't matter what you do, claims Ancoli-Israel, as long as it relaxes you — just stay away from bright light because it signals the brain that it's time to awaken.", "If you can view a clock from your bed, move it. In fact, according to Ancoli- Israel, getting rid of the clock is effective in 90 percent of people who have difficulty sleeping. \"If you've just woken up and you want to know what time it is, you have to take yourself from transitional sleep to full awakening — and you've then made it harder to fall back to sleep,\" says Ancoli-Israel. \"Get rid of the clock and don't even open your eyes if you awaken in the middle of the night, because that will take you out of that transitional sleep.\"", "Sleeping soundly requires the right environment — dark, quiet, comfortable, and cool. It helps if distractions are minimal, too, including exposure to light, uncomfortable temperatures, or poor air circulation, not to mention a spouse's loud snoring. While some potential sleep saboteurs are beyond your control, blackout shades, earplugs, humidifiers, and fans can help block out the major offenders.", "When it comes to sleep, comfort is key. If you have been lying on the same mattress for years on end, chances are it may have exceeded its life expectancy (most \"good\" mattresses survive for about 10 years). Make sure your mattress is comfortable and your sheets are made from a high thread count. Encasing yourself in comfort will make for more peaceful slumber. Ancoli- Israel points out that brands and prices of these items — whether sheets, pillows, other bedding, or a mattress — are irrelevant. It's how they make you feel that matters most.", "Don't eat anything two to three hours before your regular bedtime. The same rule applies to liquids. You don't want to disrupt your slumber because of the need for a bathroom trip. Avoid eating a heavy meal or spicy foods too close to bedtime; they may cause heartburn and make it difficult to fall asleep. But you don't want to go to bed hungry, either. \"Again, it's doing what makes you feel comfortable,\" says Ancoli-Israel. Then you'll rest easy.", "Just don't do it right before bedtime. Study after study has shown that people who are more physically active get better sleep. \"When you exercise, body temperature goes up, and it takes about six hours for it to drop again,\" says Ancoli-Israel. And since a cooler body temperature is associated with the onset of sleep, an ideal time for exercise is the late afternoon.", "Keep work, computers, TVs, and other distractions out of the bedroom. Reserving the bedroom for sleep and sex actually helps strengthen the association between your bed and sleep. Reading in bed, for example, is fine if it helps you fall asleep. \"It's very individual,\" says Ancoli-Israel. \"What works for one person may not work for another.\" She even suggests taking sex out of the bedroom if it isn't relaxing for you and doesn't promote sleep. Bottom line: When you're in the bedroom, engage in activities that help you relax.", "Your typical waking and sleeping times are programmed in your subconscious mind. Instead of counting sheep, try resetting the program. \"Both imagery and hypnosis bring your brain into a deeply relaxed state,\" explains Donna Fremon- Powell, certified guided imagery therapist, a certified hypnotherapist. \"In this alpha-brainwave state, the subconscious mind is more willing to accept beneficial suggestions, such as 'You sleep soundly through the night and wake fully refreshed and alert in the morning.'\" Hypnosis and guided imagery — even listening to an imagery CD as you fall asleep — can help you change negative sleeping patterns and achieve more restful slumber.", "If you need one more reason to stop smoking, here it is: Nicotine disrupts sleep. So too, do caffeine and alcohol — and the former lurks in more than just your morning cup of joe. Tea, soda, and chocolate all contain caffeine, and they stay in the body for three to five hours. \"People also need to be careful about what medications they're taking, whether they're over-the- counter or prescription medications,\" claims Ancoli-Israel. Beyond the caffeine contained in some of these drugs is the fact that drugs, by definition, activate and mobilize your system — and that makes it harder for you to fall asleep. Take medications and herbal supplements or other remedies early in the day, and don't drink in an effort to fall asleep. Alcohol may make you feel sleepy initially, but it actually interferes with restful sleep.", "The body's natural sleep hormone, melatonin, is secreted in darkness and inhibited in light. So getting sufficient exposure to light during the day can help you stay awake and alert. By the same token, keeping your bedroom as dark as possible at night can help promote the production of melatonin and the onset of sleep. And while you can buy melatonin over the counter as a supplement, Ancoli-Israel claims it isn't the same as the melatonin produced by the brain. Still, 1 to 3 mg of melatonin taken half an hour before bed may be helpful for some individuals.", "Instead of ruminating over the day's dramas right before bed, set aside a worry time earlier in the day, suggests Ancoli-Israel. \"It sounds silly, but if you take 10 or 15 minutes to sit and worry during the day (with the Blackberry and beeper off), it frees you from having to think about those concerns when you get in bed at night.\" If your sleep problems persist, keep a sleep diary, noting the type of problems you're experiencing and when they occur. It's a useful tool to have when you talk to your doctor.", "Science says what you sip before bedtime (and for several hours leading up to it) can definitely affect your slumber.", "‘Losing’ an hour of sleep every spring may be unpleasant, but research suggests it may be hurting our health, too. Here’s what you should know.", "When it comes to sleep, your body loves consistency. Here’s how to figure out what sleep schedule works best for you and how to stick to it.", "This Sunday marks the end of daylight saving time. Here’s what you need to know before you set your clock back to standard time.", "In a sample of hundreds of college students, nearly 9 out of 10 had symptoms of nomophobia, which was linked to worse sleep and lower energy levels during...", "© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally registered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission." ] }, "parsed_md": "Photo Gallery: 12 Tips for a Good Night's Sleep | Everyday Health\n\nSleep\n\n# 12 Tips for a Good Night's Sleep\n\nStop the tossing and turning! Try these snooze-friendly tips.\n\nBy Amy PaturelMedically Reviewed by Rosalyn Carson-DeWitt, MD\n\nLast Updated: February 22, 2016\n\nMedically Reviewed\n\n## Why You Should Prioritize Sleep\n\nWhen responsibilities mount, sleep is the first thing to drop off the priority\nlist. In fact, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,\nabout 3 in 10 people are getting 6 or less hours of sleep. And that's a\nproblem since experts argue that getting adequate zzz's is as important to\nhealth and well-being as diet and exercise. If you have a hard time falling\nasleep, wake up often in the night, or feel exhausted and doze off in the\ndaytime, try the following tips for a more restful slumber.\n\n## Stick to a Schedule\n\nYou've heard it time and time again — wake up and go to bed at the same time\nevery day, even on weekends. Why is this so important? It all relates to\ncircadian rhythms. \"Sleep is a homeostatic process [a system where our bodies\nregulate automatically based on our daily patterns],\" says Sonia Ancoli-\nIsrael, PhD, a professor of psychiatry at the University of California at San\nDiego and a spokesperson for the National Sleep Foundation. \"If you sleep in,\nit might affect your ability to fall asleep the next night, since you have to\nbe awake for a certain amount of time before you'll be sleepy enough to go to\nsleep again.\"\n\n## Pick a Relaxation Ritual\n\nEngaging in a relaxing activity, preferably with dim lighting, helps separate\nsleeping times from times that elicit excitement, stress, or anxiety. Instead\nof trying to balance your budget or solve big family dilemmas right before\nbedtime, turn to soothing activities like taking a warm bath, meditating, or\nreading. It doesn't matter what you do, claims Ancoli-Israel, as long as it\nrelaxes you — just stay away from bright light because it signals the brain\nthat it's time to awaken.\n\n## Turn Everything Off\n\nIf you can view a clock from your bed, move it. In fact, according to Ancoli-\nIsrael, getting rid of the clock is effective in 90 percent of people who have\ndifficulty sleeping. \"If you've just woken up and you want to know what time\nit is, you have to take yourself from transitional sleep to full awakening —\nand you've then made it harder to fall back to sleep,\" says Ancoli-Israel.\n\"Get rid of the clock and don't even open your eyes if you awaken in the\nmiddle of the night, because that will take you out of that transitional\nsleep.\"\n\n## Create a Safe Haven\n\nSleeping soundly requires the right environment — dark, quiet, comfortable,\nand cool. It helps if distractions are minimal, too, including exposure to\nlight, uncomfortable temperatures, or poor air circulation, not to mention a\nspouse's loud snoring. While some potential sleep saboteurs are beyond your\ncontrol, blackout shades, earplugs, humidifiers, and fans can help block out\nthe major offenders.\n\n## Get Comfy\n\nWhen it comes to sleep, comfort is key. If you have been lying on the same\nmattress for years on end, chances are it may have exceeded its life\nexpectancy (most \"good\" mattresses survive for about 10 years). Make sure your\nmattress is comfortable and your sheets are made from a high thread count.\nEncasing yourself in comfort will make for more peaceful slumber. Ancoli-\nIsrael points out that brands and prices of these items — whether sheets,\npillows, other bedding, or a mattress — are irrelevant. It's how they make you\nfeel that matters most.\n\n## Watch What (and When) You Eat\n\nDon't eat anything two to three hours before your regular bedtime. The same\nrule applies to liquids. You don't want to disrupt your slumber because of the\nneed for a bathroom trip. Avoid eating a heavy meal or spicy foods too close\nto bedtime; they may cause heartburn and make it difficult to fall asleep. But\nyou don't want to go to bed hungry, either. \"Again, it's doing what makes you\nfeel comfortable,\" says Ancoli-Israel. Then you'll rest easy.\n\n## Fit in Fitness\n\nJust don't do it right before bedtime. Study after study has shown that people\nwho are more physically active get better sleep. \"When you exercise, body\ntemperature goes up, and it takes about six hours for it to drop again,\" says\nAncoli-Israel. And since a cooler body temperature is associated with the\nonset of sleep, an ideal time for exercise is the late afternoon.\n\n## Set the Stage for Sleep\n\nKeep work, computers, TVs, and other distractions out of the bedroom.\nReserving the bedroom for sleep and sex actually helps strengthen the\nassociation between your bed and sleep. Reading in bed, for example, is fine\nif it helps you fall asleep. \"It's very individual,\" says Ancoli-Israel. \"What\nworks for one person may not work for another.\" She even suggests taking sex\nout of the bedroom if it isn't relaxing for you and doesn't promote sleep.\nBottom line: When you're in the bedroom, engage in activities that help you\nrelax.\n\n## Use Your Imagination\n\nYour typical waking and sleeping times are programmed in your subconscious\nmind. Instead of counting sheep, try resetting the program. \"Both imagery and\nhypnosis bring your brain into a deeply relaxed state,\" explains Donna Fremon-\nPowell, certified guided imagery therapist, a certified hypnotherapist. \"In\nthis alpha-brainwave state, the subconscious mind is more willing to accept\nbeneficial suggestions, such as 'You sleep soundly through the night and wake\nfully refreshed and alert in the morning.'\" Hypnosis and guided imagery — even\nlistening to an imagery CD as you fall asleep — can help you change negative\nsleeping patterns and achieve more restful slumber.\n\n## Say No to Smoking\n\nIf you need one more reason to stop smoking, here it is: Nicotine disrupts\nsleep. So too, do caffeine and alcohol — and the former lurks in more than\njust your morning cup of joe. Tea, soda, and chocolate all contain caffeine,\nand they stay in the body for three to five hours. \"People also need to be\ncareful about what medications they're taking, whether they're over-the-\ncounter or prescription medications,\" claims Ancoli-Israel. Beyond the\ncaffeine contained in some of these drugs is the fact that drugs, by\ndefinition, activate and mobilize your system — and that makes it harder for\nyou to fall asleep. Take medications and herbal supplements or other remedies\nearly in the day, and don't drink in an effort to fall asleep. Alcohol may\nmake you feel sleepy initially, but it actually interferes with restful sleep.\n\n## Enjoy the Daylight\n\nThe body's natural sleep hormone, melatonin, is secreted in darkness and\ninhibited in light. So getting sufficient exposure to light during the day can\nhelp you stay awake and alert. By the same token, keeping your bedroom as dark\nas possible at night can help promote the production of melatonin and the\nonset of sleep. And while you can buy melatonin over the counter as a\nsupplement, Ancoli-Israel claims it isn't the same as the melatonin produced\nby the brain. Still, 1 to 3 mg of melatonin taken half an hour before bed may\nbe helpful for some individuals.\n\n## Write It Down\n\nInstead of ruminating over the day's dramas right before bed, set aside a\nworry time earlier in the day, suggests Ancoli-Israel. \"It sounds silly, but\nif you take 10 or 15 minutes to sit and worry during the day (with the\nBlackberry and beeper off), it frees you from having to think about those\nconcerns when you get in bed at night.\" If your sleep problems persist, keep a\nsleep diary, noting the type of problems you're experiencing and when they\noccur. It's a useful tool to have when you talk to your doctor.\n\n## Most Recent in Sleep\n\n### 8 Health Problems Linked to Not Getting Enough Sleep\n\n### Can Mindfulness Improve Your Sleep?\n\n### The Best and Worst Beverages to Drink Before Bedtime\n\n### Best Sleep Products\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nSign up for our Healthy Living Newsletter!\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\n## The Latest in Sleep\n\n### 8 Health Problems Linked to Not Getting Enough Sleep\n\nChronic sleep deprivation can have long-term consequences for your overall\nhealth and well-being.\n\nBy Becky UphamMarch 17, 2021\n\n### Can Mindfulness Improve Your Sleep?\n\nResearch suggests a regular mindfulness practice can help with multiple\nmeasures of sleep.&nbsp;\n\nBy Markham HeidMarch 16, 2021\n\n### The Best and Worst Beverages to Drink Before Bedtime\n\nScience says what you sip before bedtime (and for several hours leading up to\nit) can definitely affect your slumber.\n\nBy Vivian Manning-SchaffelMarch 16, 2021\n\n### Best Sleep Products\n\nHere are 10 soothing, calming, and bedtime-ready choices designed to get you\nthe z's you need.\n\nBy Elizabeth MillardMarch 15, 2021\n\n### Why You’re Having Weird Dreams During the COVID-19 Pandemic\n\nAnd how to have fewer of the distressing ones.&nbsp;\n\nBy Markham HeidMarch 12, 2021\n\n### How to Prep Your Body for Turning the Clocks Ahead for Daylight Saving\nTime\n\n‘Losing’ an hour of sleep every spring may be unpleasant, but research\nsuggests it may be hurting our health, too. Here’s what you should know.\n\nBy Lauren BedoskyMarch 8, 2021\n\n### The Power of Sleep to Improve Your Heart Health\n\nA new study finds that people with healthier sleep habits are less likely to\ndevelop heart failure.\n\nBy Becky UphamDecember 3, 2020\n\n### 7 Tips for Finding the Sleep Routine That’s Right for You\n\nWhen it comes to sleep, your body loves consistency. Here’s how to figure out\nwhat sleep schedule works best for you and how to stick to it.\n\nBy Jessica MigalaNovember 24, 2020\n\n### What Sleep Docs Want You to Know About Turning the Clocks Back and Shorter\nWinter Days\n\nThis Sunday marks the end of daylight saving time. Here’s what you need to\nknow before you set your clock back to standard time.\n\nBy Lauren BedoskyOctober 27, 2020\n\n### Study Finds Growing Rates of Cellphone Dependence in Young Adults — and a\nLink to Worse Sleep\n\nIn a sample of hundreds of college students, nearly 9 out of 10 had symptoms\nof nomophobia, which was linked to worse sleep and lower energy levels\nduring...\n\nBy Katherine LeeOctober 26, 2020\n\nWellness inspired. Wellness enabled.\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Editorial Policy\n * Newsletters\n * Privacy Policy\n * Health News\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * Feedback\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * Popular Topics\n * AdChoice\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nGet the best in health and wellness\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\nA PROPERTY OFEHGLogo\n\nMore From Everyday Health Group: What to ExpectBabyCenterMedPage TodayCastle\nConnolly Top DoctorsMigraine Again\n\n© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally\nregistered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third\nparties without explicit permission.\n\nBadgesBadgesBadgesBadgesBadges\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110113082716.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210705174614/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110113082716.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Room light before bedtime may impact sleep quality, blood pressure and diabetes risk -- ScienceDaily", "passages": [ "Exposure to electrical light between dusk and bedtime strongly suppresses melatonin levels and may impact physiologic processes regulated by melatonin signaling, such as sleepiness, thermoregulation, blood pressure and glucose homeostasis.\nShare:", "According to a recent study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM), exposure to electrical light between dusk and bedtime strongly suppresses melatonin levels and may impact physiologic processes regulated by melatonin signaling, such as sleepiness, thermoregulation, blood pressure and glucose homeostasis.", "Melatonin is a hormone produced at night by the pineal gland in the brain. In addition to its role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle, melatonin has been shown to lower blood pressure and body temperature and has also been explored as a treatment option for insomnia, hypertension and cancer. In modern society, people are routinely exposed to electrical lighting during evening hours to partake in work, recreational and social activities. This study sought to understand whether exposure to room light in the late evening may inhibit melatonin production.", "\"On a daily basis, millions of people choose to keep the lights on prior to bedtime and during the usual hours of sleep,\" said Joshua Gooley, PhD, of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, Mass. and lead author of the study. \"Our study shows that this exposure to indoor light has a strong suppressive effect on the hormone melatonin. This could, in turn, have effects on sleep quality and the body's ability to regulate body temperature, blood pressure and glucose levels.\"", "In this study, researchers evaluated 116 healthy volunteers aged 18-30 years who were exposed to room light or dim light in the eight hours preceding bedtime for five consecutive days. An intravenous catheter was inserted into the forearms of study participants for continuous collection of blood plasma every 30-60 minutes for melatonin measurements. Results showed exposure to room light before bedtime shortened melatonin duration by about 90 minutes when compared to dim light exposure. Furthermore, exposure to room light during the usual hours of sleep suppressed melatonin by greater than 50 percent.", "\"Given that chronic light suppression of melatonin has been hypothesized to increase relative risk for some types of cancer and that melatonin receptor genes have been linked to type 2 diabetes, our findings could have important health implications for shift workers who are exposed to indoor light at night over the course of many years,\" said Gooley. \"Further research is still needed to both substantiate melatonin suppression as a significant risk factor for breast cancer and determine the mechanisms by which melatonin regulates glucose metabolism.\"", "Joshua Gooley et al. Exposure to room light prior to bedtime suppresses melatonin onset and shortens melatonin duration in humans. JCEM, March 2011", "The Endocrine Society. \"Room light before bedtime may impact sleep quality, blood pressure and diabetes risk.\" ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 14 January 2011. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110113082716.htm>.", "The Endocrine Society. (2011, January 14). Room light before bedtime may impact sleep quality, blood pressure and diabetes risk. ScienceDaily. Retrieved July 4, 2021 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110113082716.htm", "The Endocrine Society. \"Room light before bedtime may impact sleep quality, blood pressure and diabetes risk.\" ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110113082716.htm (accessed July 4, 2021).", "Nov. 16, 2020 — Melatonin is used as a dietary supplement to promote sleep and get over jet lag, but nobody really understands how it works in the brain. Now, researchers show that melatonin helps worms sleep, too, ...", "Dec. 19, 2019 — Melatonin sets the internal clock. Researchers have analyzed data on the impact of light pollution on melatonin formation in humans and vertebrates. They found that even the low light intensities of ...", "Mar. 5, 2018 — A new study found that preschoolers exposed to bright light at bedtime had an 88 percent reduction in melatonin levels. Anatomical differences in their young eyes may make them more vulnerable to ...", "Feb. 14, 2017 — The melatonin content of dietary supplements often varies widely from what is listed on the label, a new study has found. Melatonin is a natural hormone that helps regulate the daily cycle of sleep ...", "Get the latest science news with ScienceDaily's free email newsletters, updated daily and weekly. Or view hourly updated newsfeeds in your RSS reader:", "Tell us what you think of ScienceDaily -- we welcome both positive and negative comments. Have any problems using the site? Questions?" ] }, "parsed_md": "Room light before bedtime may impact sleep quality, blood pressure and\ndiabetes risk -- ScienceDaily\n\nYour source for the latest research news\n\nFollow Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Subscribe RSS Feeds Newsletters\n\nNew:\n\n * Black Hole-Neutron Star Mergers\n * The Goldilocks Supernova\n * 'Dragon Man' Closer Relative Than Neanderthals?\n * A New Type of Homo Unknown to Science\n * Life in These Star-Systems May Have Spotted ...\n * Stress and Graying Hair: New Study\n * Unraveling the Origin of Alzheimer's\n * Quantum State in Human-Scale Object\n * Scientists Detect Signatures of Life Remotely\n * Cancer Cells Grown in Dish Vs. Those in People\n\nadvertisement\n\nFollow all of ScienceDaily's latest research news and top science headlines!\n\nScience News\n\nfrom research organizations\n\n# 1\n\n## 2\n\n# Room light before bedtime may impact sleep quality, blood pressure and\ndiabetes risk\n\nDate:\n\n January 14, 2011\nSource:\n\n The Endocrine Society\nSummary:\n\n Exposure to electrical light between dusk and bedtime strongly suppresses melatonin levels and may impact physiologic processes regulated by melatonin signaling, such as sleepiness, thermoregulation, blood pressure and glucose homeostasis.\nShare:\n\nFULL STORY\n\nAccording to a recent study accepted for publication in The Endocrine\nSociety's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM), exposure to\nelectrical light between dusk and bedtime strongly suppresses melatonin levels\nand may impact physiologic processes regulated by melatonin signaling, such as\nsleepiness, thermoregulation, blood pressure and glucose homeostasis.\n\nadvertisement\n\nMelatonin is a hormone produced at night by the pineal gland in the brain. In\naddition to its role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle, melatonin has been\nshown to lower blood pressure and body temperature and has also been explored\nas a treatment option for insomnia, hypertension and cancer. In modern\nsociety, people are routinely exposed to electrical lighting during evening\nhours to partake in work, recreational and social activities. This study\nsought to understand whether exposure to room light in the late evening may\ninhibit melatonin production.\n\n\"On a daily basis, millions of people choose to keep the lights on prior to\nbedtime and during the usual hours of sleep,\" said Joshua Gooley, PhD, of\nBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, Mass. and\nlead author of the study. \"Our study shows that this exposure to indoor light\nhas a strong suppressive effect on the hormone melatonin. This could, in turn,\nhave effects on sleep quality and the body's ability to regulate body\ntemperature, blood pressure and glucose levels.\"\n\nIn this study, researchers evaluated 116 healthy volunteers aged 18-30 years\nwho were exposed to room light or dim light in the eight hours preceding\nbedtime for five consecutive days. An intravenous catheter was inserted into\nthe forearms of study participants for continuous collection of blood plasma\nevery 30-60 minutes for melatonin measurements. Results showed exposure to\nroom light before bedtime shortened melatonin duration by about 90 minutes\nwhen compared to dim light exposure. Furthermore, exposure to room light\nduring the usual hours of sleep suppressed melatonin by greater than 50\npercent.\n\n\"Given that chronic light suppression of melatonin has been hypothesized to\nincrease relative risk for some types of cancer and that melatonin receptor\ngenes have been linked to type 2 diabetes, our findings could have important\nhealth implications for shift workers who are exposed to indoor light at night\nover the course of many years,\" said Gooley. \"Further research is still needed\nto both substantiate melatonin suppression as a significant risk factor for\nbreast cancer and determine the mechanisms by which melatonin regulates\nglucose metabolism.\"\n\nOther researchers working on the study include: Kyle Chamberlain of the\nUniversity of Surrey in the United Kingdom; and Kurt Smith, Sat Bir Khalsa,\nShantha Rajaratnam, Eliza Van Reen, Jamie Zeitzer, Charles Czeisler and Steven\nLockley of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston,\nMass.\n\nStory Source:\n\nMaterials provided by The Endocrine Society. Note: Content may be edited for\nstyle and length.\n\nJournal Reference:\n\n 1. Joshua Gooley et al. Exposure to room light prior to bedtime suppresses melatonin onset and shortens melatonin duration in humans. JCEM, March 2011\n\nCite This Page:\n\n * MLA\n * APA\n * Chicago\n\nThe Endocrine Society. \"Room light before bedtime may impact sleep quality,\nblood pressure and diabetes risk.\" ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 14 January\n2011. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110113082716.htm>.\n\nThe Endocrine Society. (2011, January 14). Room light before bedtime may\nimpact sleep quality, blood pressure and diabetes risk. ScienceDaily.\nRetrieved July 4, 2021 from\nwww.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110113082716.htm\n\nThe Endocrine Society. \"Room light before bedtime may impact sleep quality,\nblood pressure and diabetes risk.\" ScienceDaily.\nwww.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110113082716.htm (accessed July 4,\n2021).\n\n * RELATED TOPICS\n\n * Health & Medicine\n\n * Insomnia Research\n * Sleep Disorder Research\n * Hormone Disorders\n * Hypertension\n * Mind & Brain\n\n * Insomnia\n * Sleep Disorders\n * Obstructive Sleep Apnea\n * Tinnitus\n\nadvertisement\n\n * RELATED TERMS\n\n * Blood sugar\n * Glycemic index\n * Blood pressure\n * Melatonin\n * Insulin\n * Cholesterol\n * Diabetes\n * Hypertension\n\n# 1\n\n## 2\n\n### 3\n\n#### 4\n\n##### 5\n\nRELATED STORIES\n\n##### Worms Reveal Why Melatonin Promotes Sleep\n\nNov. 16, 2020 — Melatonin is used as a dietary supplement to promote sleep and\nget over jet lag, but nobody really understands how it works in the brain.\nNow, researchers show that melatonin helps worms sleep, too, ...\n\n##### Light Pollution Can Suppress Melatonin Production in Humans and Animals\n\nDec. 19, 2019 — Melatonin sets the internal clock. Researchers have analyzed\ndata on the impact of light pollution on melatonin formation in humans and\nvertebrates. They found that even the low light intensities of ...\n\n##### Preschoolers Exposed to Nighttime Light Lack Melatonin\n\nMar. 5, 2018 — A new study found that preschoolers exposed to bright light at\nbedtime had an 88 percent reduction in melatonin levels. Anatomical\ndifferences in their young eyes may make them more vulnerable to ...\n\n##### Melatonin Content of Supplements Varies Widely, Study Finds\n\nFeb. 14, 2017 — The melatonin content of dietary supplements often varies\nwidely from what is listed on the label, a new study has found. Melatonin is a\nnatural hormone that helps regulate the daily cycle of sleep ...\n\nPrint Email Share\n\nadvertisement\n\n# 1\n\n## 2\n\n### 3\n\n#### 4\n\n##### 5\n\nMost Popular\n\nthis week\n\nHEALTH & MEDICINE\n\n##### Stress Can Turn Hair Gray -- And It's Reversible, Researchers Find\n\n##### 5-Minute Breathing Workout Lowers Blood Pressure as Much as Exercise,\nDrugs\n\n##### New Discovery Shows Human Cells Can Write RNA Sequences Into DNA\n\nMIND & BRAIN\n\n##### Unraveling the Origin of Alzheimer's Disease\n\n##### Fibromyalgia Likely the Result of Autoimmune Problems\n\n##### Researchers Question Prevailing Alzheimer's Theory With New Discovery\n\nLIVING & WELL\n\n##### Boy or Girl? It's in the Father's Genes\n\n##### Waking Just One Hour Earlier Cuts Depression Risk by Double Digits,\nStudy Finds\n\n##### Study Finds Brain Areas Involved in Seeking Information About Bad\nPossibilities\n\nadvertisement\n\nStrange & Offbeat\n\nHEALTH & MEDICINE\n\n##### Skin in the Game: Transformative Approach Uses the Human Body to\nRecharge Smartwatches\n\n##### Novel Microscopy Method Provides Look Into Future of Cell Biology\n\n##### The Sense of Smell in Older Adults Declines When It Comes to Meat, but\nNot Vanilla, Researchers Find\n\nMIND & BRAIN\n\n##### Pulling Wisdom Teeth Can Improve Long-Term Taste Function, Research\nFinds\n\n##### Sports: Men and Women React Differently to a Missing Audience\n\n##### Researchers Translate a Bird's Brain Activity Into Song\n\nLIVING & WELL\n\n##### Humans Are Ready to Take Advantage of Benevolent AI\n\n##### Brain Connections Mean Some People Lack Visual Imagery\n\n##### Bacteria Are Connected to How Babies Experience Fear\n\nFree Subscriptions\n\nGet the latest science news with ScienceDaily's free email newsletters,\nupdated daily and weekly. Or view hourly updated newsfeeds in your RSS reader:\n\n * Email Newsletters\n * RSS Feeds\n\nFollow Us\n\nKeep up to date with the latest news from ScienceDaily via social networks:\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n\nHave Feedback?\n\nTell us what you think of ScienceDaily -- we welcome both positive and\nnegative comments. Have any problems using the site? Questions?\n\n * Leave Feedback\n * Contact Us\n\nAbout This Site | Staff | Reviews | Contribute | Advertise | Privacy Policy |\nEditorial Policy | Terms of Use\n\nCopyright 2021 ScienceDaily or by other parties, where indicated. All rights\ncontrolled by their respective owners.\n\nContent on this website is for information only. It is not intended to provide\nmedical or other professional advice.\n\nViews expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily, its\nstaff, its contributors, or its partners.\n\nFinancial support for ScienceDaily comes from advertisements and referral\nprograms, where indicated.\n\n— CCPA: Do Not Sell My Information — — GDPR: Privacy Settings —\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://healthyeating.sfgate.com/negative-effects-eating-before-bed-3027.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210427164633/https://healthyeating.sfgate.com/negative-effects-eating-before-bed-3027.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Negative Effects of Eating Before Bed", "passages": [ "It usually seems like a good idea at the time: Eat a quick snack before bed because, really, how can you expect to sleep when your stomach is churning? As you're likely to discover, eating before bed can cause bigger problems than hunger pangs – problems such as insomnia, heartburn, digestive difficulties and bathroom runs. And if you make late-night refrigerator raids a habit, you'll probably have to contend with weight gain as well. These are the worst effects of eating before bed, which shouldn't necessarily scare you off late- night noshing any more than that late-night horror movie. Make some smart and healthy snack choices to enjoy a peaceful slumber, and put your hunger pangs to rest too.", "Certain foods and beverages act as stimulants that force your body into digestive mode as you're trying to revert to sleep mode. Caffeine is an obvious culprit, but so are proteins and foods packed with MSG, which behaves as a stimulant too.", "You might never contend with acid reflux problems during the day. This is because the force of gravity is working with you as you sit or stand while digesting food. But eat and lie down and acid in your stomach can leak into your esophagus, causing reflux that makes you feel the burn – and keeps you awake way past your bedtime.", "Avoid: Spicy foods such as peppers and chilies and drinks that are highly acidic, such as cranberry, grapefruit and orange juice.", "You've probably heard that it's a good idea to avoid eating at least three hours before going to bed. This is because it takes the stomach at least this long to empty itself. Consuming certain foods and beverages can make the process lengthier and more arduous, especially if you're lactose-intolerant and have trouble digesting dairy products. This said, many people swear that a late-night glass of warm milk helps them sleep. There is some medical reinforcement to support this belief since milk contains tryptophan – the same chemical found in turkey. It is known to make many people sleepy, especially after a Thanksgiving dinner.", "Avoid: Dairy products if you're lactose-intolerant – including cheese, yogurt and ice cream – greasy foods and those that are high in fat, such as butter and peanuts.", "You might not notice the effects of diuretics during the day, either. But this is probably because you're on the go and don't mind having “to go” in the course of a busy day. But eat certain water-laden foods late at night and you're likely to spend more time running to the bathroom than counting sheep.", "Many health experts say that eating anything late at night is counterproductive to a good night's sleep and good health in general since you're depriving your body of the ability to burn off calories. But confine the argument to carbohydrates, which can quickly lead to fat and weight gain. Even 8 ounces of pasta can contain about 300 calories and consist of nearly 80 percent carbohydrates.", "Those leftover slices of pizza might call out to you late at night, but save them for the next day. Reach instead for a light, healthy snack that will quash your hunger pains. Some of the best choices include:", "Kiwi, which a recent Norway study found improved the quality of sleep among insomniacs, probably because of its serotonin content.", "Mary Wroblewski earned a master's degree with high honors in communications and has worked as a reporter and editor in two Chicago newsrooms. She worked alongside a noted Chicago area nutritionist and holistic healthcare adviser whose groundbreaking work focuses on food allergies and the belief that 1) many people have them but don't know and 2) once you identify them, people can make healthy eating an integral part of their life. Mary writes extensively about healthy eating and healthy living topics." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Negative Effects of Eating Before Bed | Healthy Eating | SF Gate\n\n * ## NEWS\n\n * ## SPORTS\n\n * ## LOCAL\n\n * ## CULTURE\n\n * ## COMMUTING\n\n * ## FOOD + DRINK\n\n * ## TRAVEL\n\n * ## REAL ESTATE\n\n * ## OBITS\n\n * ## COUPONS\n\n# The Negative Effects of Eating Before Bed\n\n * Healthy Eating\n\n|\n\n * Diet\n\n|\n\n * Calories\n\nBy M.T. Wroblewski Updated December 06, 2018\n\n#### Related Articles\n\n * How to Stop Sugar Cravings Naturally\n * Carbohydrates & Serotonin\n * Can You Vomit from Exhaustion?\n * How to Eat 30 Carbs Per Day\n * What to Eat for Early Morning Workouts\n\nIt usually seems like a good idea at the time: Eat a quick snack before bed\nbecause, really, how can you expect to sleep when your stomach is churning? As\nyou're likely to discover, eating before bed can cause bigger problems than\nhunger pangs – problems such as insomnia, heartburn, digestive difficulties\nand bathroom runs. And if you make late-night refrigerator raids a habit,\nyou'll probably have to contend with weight gain as well. These are the worst\neffects of eating before bed, which shouldn't necessarily scare you off late-\nnight noshing any more than that late-night horror movie. Make some smart and\nhealthy snack choices to enjoy a peaceful slumber, and put your hunger pangs\nto rest too.\n\n## Insomnia Issues\n\nCertain foods and beverages act as stimulants that force your body into\ndigestive mode as you're trying to revert to sleep mode. Caffeine is an\nobvious culprit, but so are proteins and foods packed with MSG, which behaves\nas a stimulant too.\n\nAvoid: Meat, chocolate, Chinese food, colas, coffee and tea.\n\n## Heartburn Discomfort\n\nYou might never contend with acid reflux problems during the day. This is\nbecause the force of gravity is working with you as you sit or stand while\ndigesting food. But eat and lie down and acid in your stomach can leak into\nyour esophagus, causing reflux that makes you feel the burn – and keeps you\nawake way past your bedtime.\n\nAvoid: Spicy foods such as peppers and chilies and drinks that are highly\nacidic, such as cranberry, grapefruit and orange juice.\n\n## Digestive Pain\n\nYou've probably heard that it's a good idea to avoid eating at least three\nhours before going to bed. This is because it takes the stomach at least this\nlong to empty itself. Consuming certain foods and beverages can make the\nprocess lengthier and more arduous, especially if you're lactose-intolerant\nand have trouble digesting dairy products. This said, many people swear that a\nlate-night glass of warm milk helps them sleep. There is some medical\nreinforcement to support this belief since milk contains tryptophan – the same\nchemical found in turkey. It is known to make many people sleepy, especially\nafter a Thanksgiving dinner.\n\nAvoid: Dairy products if you're lactose-intolerant – including cheese, yogurt\nand ice cream – greasy foods and those that are high in fat, such as butter\nand peanuts.\n\n## Bathroom Runs\n\nYou might not notice the effects of diuretics during the day, either. But this\nis probably because you're on the go and don't mind having “to go” in the\ncourse of a busy day. But eat certain water-laden foods late at night and\nyou're likely to spend more time running to the bathroom than counting sheep.\n\nAvoid: Asparagus, beets, cabbage, celery, cranberries, cucumbers, garlic,\nparsley and watermelon.\n\n## Weight Gain Risk\n\nMany health experts say that eating anything late at night is\ncounterproductive to a good night's sleep and good health in general since\nyou're depriving your body of the ability to burn off calories. But confine\nthe argument to carbohydrates, which can quickly lead to fat and weight gain.\nEven 8 ounces of pasta can contain about 300 calories and consist of nearly 80\npercent carbohydrates.\n\nAvoid: Foods with a high-carb content, especially pasta and pizza.\n\n## Smart Late-Night Choices\n\nThose leftover slices of pizza might call out to you late at night, but save\nthem for the next day. Reach instead for a light, healthy snack that will\nquash your hunger pains. Some of the best choices include:\n\n * Bananas, which can actually promote sleep because they contain magnesium and potassium, which serve as natural muscle relaxants.\n * Broccoli and cauliflower, which supply the all-important “crunch factor” while racking up few carbohydrates.\n * Cherries, which contain melatonin, the chemical that helps properly “set” your body's internal clock.\n * Eggs, which are a good source of protein that your body should be able to digest quickly.\n * Jasmine rice, which your body digests oh-so-slowly while releasing glucose slowly into the bloodstream.\n * Kiwi, which a recent Norway study found improved the quality of sleep among insomniacs, probably because of its serotonin content.\n * Spaghetti squash, especially if you're craving the taste of pasta but don't want to dish up the carbs.\n\nReferences\n\n * Bodybuilding.com: 9 Things You Should Never Eat or Drink After 9 PM\n * Science Alert: Here's Why You Should Never Eat Right Before Bed\n * Health: Best and Worst Foods for Sleep\n * Rodale's Organic Life: 9 Fruits and Vegetables That Are Natural Diuretics – No Pills Necessary\n * Food Network: 8 Foods to Avoid Before Bedtime\n * Sleep and Biological Rhythms: The Effects of Kiwi Fruit Consumption in Students With Chronic Insomnia Symptoms\n\nWriter Bio\n\nMary Wroblewski earned a master's degree with high honors in communications\nand has worked as a reporter and editor in two Chicago newsrooms. She worked\nalongside a noted Chicago area nutritionist and holistic healthcare adviser\nwhose groundbreaking work focuses on food allergies and the belief that 1)\nmany people have them but don't know and 2) once you identify them, people can\nmake healthy eating an integral part of their life. Mary writes extensively\nabout healthy eating and healthy living topics.\n\n### Related Articles\n\n## 5 Foods to Avoid for Good Sleep\n\n## Things to Eat Before Bed\n\n## List of Foods That Can Make a Person Calm & Sleepy\n\n## Foods to Avoid Eating Before Bedtime\n\n## What to Do if You Just Ate a Lot\n\n## Healthy Nighttime Foods\n\n## Healthy Bedtime Snacks\n\n## How Soon Can You Go to Bed After You Eat?\n\n## What Foods Cause Bloating?\n\n## How to Stop Sugar Cravings Naturally\n\n## Carbohydrates & Serotonin\n\n## Can You Vomit from Exhaustion?\n\n#### Most Popular\n\n * 1 5 Foods to Avoid for Good Sleep\n * 2 Things to Eat Before Bed\n * 3 List of Foods That Can Make a Person Calm & Sleepy\n * 4 Foods to Avoid Eating Before Bedtime\n\nLogo Return to Top\n\n### About\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Our Company\n * The Press: Guide to Wine Country\n * Green State: Cannabis Culture\n * Careers\n * Advertising\n\n### Contact\n\n * Customer Service\n * Newsroom Contacts\n\n### Connect\n\n * Sign up for Email Alerts\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n\n### CCPA\n\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n\n### QuickLinks\n\n * Real Estate\n * Cars\n * Jobs\n * SF Marketplace\n * Recruitment\n * Home Services\n * Obituaries\n * Horoscopes\n * Comics\n * Dear Abby\n * Weather\n * Home\n * Movies\n * TV\n * Earthquakes\n * Wildfires\n * Public Notice\n * MBA by the Bay\n\nHearst Newspapers © Copyright 2020 Hearst Communications, Inc.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.nigms.nih.gov/education/pages/factsheet_circadianrhythms.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200313000520/https://www.nigms.nih.gov/education/pages/factsheet_circadianrhythms.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Circadian Rhythms", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Circadian Rhythms\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/parenting/features/get-kids-up-for-school", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518121827/https://www.webmd.com/parenting/features/get-kids-up-for-school", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Wake Your Kids Up for School: 5 Sleep Tips for School Hours", "passages": [ "Going back to school means the relaxed, lazy days of summer are about to give way to packed schedules, homework, after-school activities, and -- toughest of all -- waking the kids up early. The change of pace can be a jolt to the whole family.", "So, how, after months of sleeping late, do you get the kids used to earlier wake-up times without creating household chaos first thing in the morning? Here are five tips to get your kids out of bed and off to school.", "Family psychologist David Swanson, author of HELP-- My Kid is Driving Me Crazy, says it’s important to recognize that transitioning from the relaxed schedule of summer to the structure of the school year is a process. “Parents make the mistake of waiting until the last minute,” Swanson says. And if you wait until the night before school starts to get the kids to bed early, you can't expect a smooth morning.", "Start preparing your kids at least a week before school starts. Jill Spivack, LCSW, co-author of The Sleepeasy Solution, The Exhausted Parent’s Guide to Getting Your Child to Sleep, advises calling a family meeting to establish a new sleep schedule and get everyone on board.", "“You have to sit with kids and explain the value of sleep,” Spivack says. “We want them to understand sleep nutrition is as important as food nutrition and that a lack of sleep can have major consequences.”", "Many studies have shown that a lack of sleep can hamper physical and mental health. Tweens and teens aged 11-17 operating on too little sleep have shown an increase in anxiety, depression, and physical pain. School performance often declines too. A study of fourth- and sixth-grade students showed that after losing about one hour of sleep over several nights, students performed worse on a test that predicts their ability to pay attention in class.", "According to the National Sleep Foundation, kids aged 5-12 need 10 to 11 hours of sleep each night. Children aged 10-18 need a little less -- 8.5 to 9.5 hours per night. But most kids don't get enough sleep.", "You can show your kids that you know – and care -- that getting back into a routine may not be fun. But also let them know that the schedule change is meant to help them feel good when they are at school. “It comes from a place of love and education about the importance of sleep, and not control,” Spivack says.", "“If we approach sleep appropriately,\" Swanson says, \"we look at a kid’s whole day. If you want your kids back to sleep on time, have dinner at a set time and limit the computer, TV, and video game time,” he says. “You’re not just trying to get them back to bed, but into a routine.”", "Many parents expect teens will give them a hard time about a cell phone or computer curfew. Swanson suggests talking with them about privileges and consequences. He suggests a script along the lines of, “We’ve given you the privilege of having a cell phone, handheld games, etc., and we’ve entrusted you with them. If you can show us that you can stick to this transition, great. But if you are using them after bedtime, you’re showing us you can’t manage it and we need to help you.” Swanson says you can help by being prepared to take the items away if your child can’t stick to the plan.", "Spivack also urges parents to avoid days that are too full. ”Kids can’t be scheduled every minute of their lives and be relaxed. Watch out for overscheduling and buying into competitive parenting. Make time for them to have a good bedtime. Chill time is more valuable than another class,” Spivack says.", "After months of staying up late, you can’t go to bed earlier before you begin waking up earlier, Spivack says. So, at least a week before summer vacation ends, start setting the alarm clocks.", "Begin with a wake up time that is about an hour earlier than usual. For example, if your 6-year-old goes to bed at 9 p.m. during the summer and needs to get back to an 8 p.m. bedtime for school, begin by waking her up at 7 a.m. instead of letting her sleep until 8. Then try inching her bedtime back the next night to 8:30 p.m. On day two, wake her up at 6:30 a.m. and aim for an 8 p.m. bedtime.", "Spivack says, “If you do it day after day and start your wind-down routine after dinner and everything is calming, technology is turned off, and you head into their rooms to give them a little more mom and dad time, that helps them wind down and get to sleep earlier.”", "And take a little help from the sun. “Light regulates your body clock,\" Spivack says. \"If you leave the blinds open, the morning light that comes in will [naturally] start to shift the kids’ wake-up time.”", "Who doesn’t love a shopping spree? Kids of all ages, and even teens, look forward to buying new clothes, backpacks, and school supplies. You can use this to motivate kids to get on a sleep schedule.", "Swanson says to let them know that as soon as they get back on routine, you and they will go get the school supplies. And when you do, you may even splurge, but only if they get on track.", "Beyond that, Swanson advises tuning into the things that are really important to your child and using them as leverage. “What is your child’s currency?\" Swanson asks. \"Video games, his cell phone, shopping? Find a way to give him what he’s after as long as he goes along with the plan.”", "\"If your kid refuses to go to bed, you might say something like, ‘I’m really wanting us to get back on track. I’m not looking forward to getting up early either. But I think video games are getting in the way and are amping you up. Do this or lose the game.’”", "Lisa Joyner is a television producer and host, as well as a mom of 10-year-old and 11-month-old sons. As the self-described task master in her home, she’s had to search for ways of turning the morning rush into a well-oiled routine. “He really needs structure and to know what is expected of him,” she says of her 10-year-old. “When he’s given the guidelines, he’s good.”", "Joyner has made it clear that on school mornings, her stepson has a set of specific tasks to complete. “Once he’s up and makes his bed, has breakfast, and is dressed, he can play video games,” Joyner says.", "One thing Joyner does to make it easier on her child is to do some of the morning's work the night before. “We set out his clothes at night so when he wakes up it’s easier for him and he can avoid having to figure out what to wear in the morning,” Joyner says. And don’t forget that positive feedback goes a long way with kids. “He wants to please,” Joyner says. \"He knows it brings me such joy when I don’t have to rouse him out of bed for 45 minutes or remind him to do what has to be done.” When he does well, she gives him a high five.", "By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy Policy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Wake Your Kids Up for School: 5 Sleep Tips for School Hours\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Grade Schoolers Home\n\n * Medical Reference\n * Features\n * Expert Commentary\n * News Archive\n\n### Parenting\n\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * Find a Pediatrician\n\n### Guides\n\n * Toddler Milestones\n * Child Development\n * Behavior & Discipline\n * Child Safety\n * Healthy Habits\n * All Guide Topics\n\n### Related Topics\n\n * ADHD in Children\n * Baby Center\n * Baby's First Year\n * Child BMI Calculator\n * Children's Health\n * Children's Vaccines\n * Kids and Sleep\n * Raising Fit Kids\n * Teen Health\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Parenting\n\n * Feature Stories\n\n#### Causes and Treatments for Your Children's Cough\n\n# 5 Tips to Get Your Kids Up for School\n\nOnce school is back in session, you can get everyone out the door faster with\nthese morning timesavers.\n\nBy Lisa Zamosky\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nGoing back to school means the relaxed, lazy days of summer are about to give\nway to packed schedules, homework, after-school activities, and -- toughest of\nall -- waking the kids up early. The change of pace can be a jolt to the whole\nfamily.\n\nSo, how, after months of sleeping late, do you get the kids used to earlier\nwake-up times without creating household chaos first thing in the morning?\nHere are five tips to get your kids out of bed and off to school.\n\n## 1\\. Start Planning Early.\n\nFamily psychologist David Swanson, author of HELP-- My Kid is Driving Me\nCrazy, says it’s important to recognize that transitioning from the relaxed\nschedule of summer to the structure of the school year is a process. “Parents\nmake the mistake of waiting until the last minute,” Swanson says. And if you\nwait until the night before school starts to get the kids to bed early, you\ncan't expect a smooth morning.\n\nStart preparing your kids at least a week before school starts. Jill Spivack,\nLCSW, co-author of The Sleepeasy Solution, The Exhausted Parent’s Guide to\nGetting Your Child to Sleep, advises calling a family meeting to establish a\nnew sleep schedule and get everyone on board.\n\n“You have to sit with kids and explain the value of sleep,” Spivack says. “We\nwant them to understand sleep nutrition is as important as food nutrition and\nthat a lack of sleep can have major consequences.”\n\nMany studies have shown that a lack of sleep can hamper physical and mental\nhealth. Tweens and teens aged 11-17 operating on too little sleep have shown\nan increase in anxiety, depression, and physical pain. School performance\noften declines too. A study of fourth- and sixth-grade students showed that\nafter losing about one hour of sleep over several nights, students performed\nworse on a test that predicts their ability to pay attention in class.\n\nAccording to the National Sleep Foundation, kids aged 5-12 need 10 to 11 hours\nof sleep each night. Children aged 10-18 need a little less -- 8.5 to 9.5\nhours per night. But most kids don't get enough sleep.\n\nYou can show your kids that you know – and care -- that getting back into a\nroutine may not be fun. But also let them know that the schedule change is\nmeant to help them feel good when they are at school. “It comes from a place\nof love and education about the importance of sleep, and not control,” Spivack\nsays.\n\n#### Continued\n\n## 2\\. Look Beyond Bedtime.\n\n“If we approach sleep appropriately,\" Swanson says, \"we look at a kid’s whole\nday. If you want your kids back to sleep on time, have dinner at a set time\nand limit the computer, TV, and video game time,” he says. “You’re not just\ntrying to get them back to bed, but into a routine.”\n\nMany parents expect teens will give them a hard time about a cell phone or\ncomputer curfew. Swanson suggests talking with them about privileges and\nconsequences. He suggests a script along the lines of, “We’ve given you the\nprivilege of having a cell phone, handheld games, etc., and we’ve entrusted\nyou with them. If you can show us that you can stick to this transition,\ngreat. But if you are using them after bedtime, you’re showing us you can’t\nmanage it and we need to help you.” Swanson says you can help by being\nprepared to take the items away if your child can’t stick to the plan.\n\nSpivack also urges parents to avoid days that are too full. ”Kids can’t be\nscheduled every minute of their lives and be relaxed. Watch out for\noverscheduling and buying into competitive parenting. Make time for them to\nhave a good bedtime. Chill time is more valuable than another class,” Spivack\nsays.\n\n## 3\\. Get Back to the Routine.\n\nAfter months of staying up late, you can’t go to bed earlier before you begin\nwaking up earlier, Spivack says. So, at least a week before summer vacation\nends, start setting the alarm clocks.\n\nBegin with a wake up time that is about an hour earlier than usual. For\nexample, if your 6-year-old goes to bed at 9 p.m. during the summer and needs\nto get back to an 8 p.m. bedtime for school, begin by waking her up at 7 a.m.\ninstead of letting her sleep until 8. Then try inching her bedtime back the\nnext night to 8:30 p.m. On day two, wake her up at 6:30 a.m. and aim for an 8\np.m. bedtime.\n\n#### Continued\n\nSpivack says, “If you do it day after day and start your wind-down routine\nafter dinner and everything is calming, technology is turned off, and you head\ninto their rooms to give them a little more mom and dad time, that helps them\nwind down and get to sleep earlier.”\n\nAnd take a little help from the sun. “Light regulates your body clock,\"\nSpivack says. \"If you leave the blinds open, the morning light that comes in\nwill [naturally] start to shift the kids’ wake-up time.”\n\n## 4\\. A Little Bribery Never Hurts.\n\nWho doesn’t love a shopping spree? Kids of all ages, and even teens, look\nforward to buying new clothes, backpacks, and school supplies. You can use\nthis to motivate kids to get on a sleep schedule.\n\nSwanson says to let them know that as soon as they get back on routine, you\nand they will go get the school supplies. And when you do, you may even\nsplurge, but only if they get on track.\n\nBeyond that, Swanson advises tuning into the things that are really important\nto your child and using them as leverage. “What is your child’s currency?\"\nSwanson asks. \"Video games, his cell phone, shopping? Find a way to give him\nwhat he’s after as long as he goes along with the plan.”\n\nWhat if your child won’t get with the program and won't shut down the\ntechnology?\n\n\"If your kid refuses to go to bed, you might say something like, ‘I’m really\nwanting us to get back on track. I’m not looking forward to getting up early\neither. But I think video games are getting in the way and are amping you up.\nDo this or lose the game.’”\n\n## 5\\. Make Morning Time Work.\n\nSpivack and Swanson both say that clearly establishing expectations for your\nchild is critical.\n\nLisa Joyner is a television producer and host, as well as a mom of 10-year-old\nand 11-month-old sons. As the self-described task master in her home, she’s\nhad to search for ways of turning the morning rush into a well-oiled routine.\n“He really needs structure and to know what is expected of him,” she says of\nher 10-year-old. “When he’s given the guidelines, he’s good.”\n\n#### Continued\n\nJoyner has made it clear that on school mornings, her stepson has a set of\nspecific tasks to complete. “Once he’s up and makes his bed, has breakfast,\nand is dressed, he can play video games,” Joyner says.\n\nOne thing Joyner does to make it easier on her child is to do some of the\nmorning's work the night before. “We set out his clothes at night so when he\nwakes up it’s easier for him and he can avoid having to figure out what to\nwear in the morning,” Joyner says. And don’t forget that positive feedback\ngoes a long way with kids. “He wants to please,” Joyner says. \"He knows it\nbrings me such joy when I don’t have to rouse him out of bed for 45 minutes or\nremind him to do what has to be done.” When he does well, she gives him a high\nfive.\n\nOnce your kids successfully make it out the door to school, give yourself a\nhigh five, too.\n\nWebMD Feature Reviewed by Roy Benaroch, MD on December 02, 2012\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES:\n\nDavid Swanson, PsyD child and family psychologist; author, HELP-- My Kid is\nDriving Me Crazy, The 17 Ways Kids Manipulate Their Parents and What You Can\nDo About It.\n\nJill Spivack, LCSW, psychotherapist; co-author, The Sleepeasy Solution, The\nExhausted Parent’s Guide to Getting Your Child to Sleep.\n\nLund, H. Journal of Adolescent Healtth; 2009.\n\nSadeh, A. Child Development/ March/April 2003.\n\nNational Sleep Foundation: \"How Much Sleep Do We Really Need?\"\n\nLisa Joyner, mother; television producer and host.\n\n© 2010 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * How to Discipline Kids Without Spanking\n * 7 Signs You Might Be a Helicopter Parent\n * What to Do About Bedwetting\n * Crazy Things Teens Use to Get High\n * Gross Things Kids Do\n * When Your Child Has Migraines\n\n### further reading\n\n * 10 Things to Know About Your Child's Sleep\n * Children Sleep Problems\n * Happy Meals at School\n * Child Safety: School Bus Still Best\n * Good Eats for School-Age Kids\n * Teaching Children to Be Fair\n * Questions to Ask Your Child's School\n * Grade Schoolers Topics\n\n### Today on Grow\n\n#### Kids’ BMI Calculator: Is Your Child at a Healthy Weight?\n\n#### Toddler Milestones: What Happens in Your Child’s Second Year\n\n#### Sick Kids? 15 Tips to Help Stop the Spread of Germs\n\n#### Feeding Picky Eaters: Tips for Dealing With Mealtime Mayhem\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Is Your Child Drinking Too Much Sugar?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### The Dirtiest Places Kids Will Find\n\nArticle\n\n#### 10 Tips for Parenting Preteens\n\nArticle\n\n#### How to Teach Your Kids Manners\n\nArticle\n\n#### Is Your Child Too Young for a Cell Phone?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 7 Signs You Might Be a Helicopter Parent\n\nArticle\n\n#### Teasing vs Bullying: How to Tell the Difference\n\nArticle\n\n#### Is Your Teen a Vaper?\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Video: Installing a Toddler's Car Set\n * What to Know About Potty Training\n * What Is 'Transitioning'?\n * Should You Care About Child Milestones?\n * Video: Fast Facts About Twins\n * 15 Alternatives to Spanking\n\n## Get Pregnancy & Parenting Tips In Your Inbox\n\n### Doctor-approved information to keep you and your family healthy and happy.\n\nBy clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy\nPolicy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect?\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Benefits of CBD\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Living With Ankylosing Spondylitis\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * Living Better With T2 Diabetes\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://articles.chicagotribune.com:80/2012-07-08/news/ct-met-night-light-sleep-20120708_1_blue-light-bright-light-steven-lockley", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171211192655/http://articles.chicagotribune.com:80/2012-07-08/news/ct-met-night-light-sleep-20120708_1_blue-light-bright-light-steven-lockley", "parsed_text": { "title": "iPad insomnia: Sleep loss linked to blue light from screens used at night", "passages": [ "The 33-year-old Chicago writer checks the device multiple times a day for Facebook updates and email messages. She brings it into the bathroom when she brushes her teeth. And she often totes it to bed, \"just to check email one more time and play a few more rounds of Words With Friends.\"", "If Drury wakes up in the middle of the night, she reaches for her phone again. \"My first thought is to pick up the iPhone to see what's happening in the news,\" she said. \"I'll ... sometimes read long features and not really be able to go back to sleep.\"", "Drury's \"terrible habits,\" as she calls them, reflect those of millions who bring their phones, tablets, e-readers and laptops to bed each night, according to consumer research. The trend is causing increasing concern in the medical community based on mounting evidence that the type of light produced by our portable electronic screens can contribute to sleep loss.", "Last month the American Medical Association issued a policy recognizing \"that exposure to excessive light at night, including extended use of various electronic media, can disrupt sleep or exacerbate sleep disorders, especially in children and adolescents.\"", "Any light at night can be disruptive, researchers say, but in recent years studies have zeroed in on the particularly potent \"blue light\" emitted abundantly from the energy-efficient screens of smartphones and computers as well as many energy-saving fluorescent bulbs.", "Because blue light is especially prominent in daylight, our bodies associate it with daytime, which may be why exposure to blue light can make us more alert and improve our response times. It also has been shown to suppress melatonin, a hormone that helps regulate sleep and is not produced during the day.", "In May 2011, Swiss researchers at the University of Basel reported that subjects who spent time at night in front of an LED computer screen, as opposed to a screen emitting a variety of colors but little blue light, experienced \"a significant suppression of the evening rise in endogenous melatonin and ... sleepiness.\"", "Over the last decade, neuroscientists have discovered novel light-sensitive cells in the eye that detect light. These cells are separate from those we use for vision and contain a photopigment called melanopsin that is particularly sensitive to blue light. Scientists think this light-detecting mechanism, which regulates our sense of night and day and time of year, evolved before the ability to see.", "\"Blue light preferentially alerts the brain, suppresses the melatonin and shifts your body clock all at the same time,\" said Harvard Medical School sleep researcher Steven Lockley. \"Your brain is more alert now and thinks it's daytime because we have evolved to only see bright light during the day.\"", "Compounding the problem, Lockley and others said, is that unlike TV (which also emits blue light), these newer electronic screens are positioned close to our faces, increasing the intensity and effects of the blue light on our brains.", "\"The closer you have a light source to the face, the more intense it is,\" said Lockley, co-author of \"Sleep: A Very Short Introduction.\" \"And the further you go away, it falls off quite quickly. So having things close to the face is much worse than having a TV that's 10 feet away.\"", "The researcher stressed that these types of screens are not all bad. When used during the day, they can help stabilize circadian rhythms and increase alertness and reaction time.", "Increasingly, however, consumers are using devices that emit blue light well into the night. A recent poll by Rosetta marketing consultants indicated that today almost 1 in 3 Americans who use the Internet own a tablet and that 68 percent of them report taking the device to bed.", "While tablet manufacturers remain generally quiet about the blue light issue — neither Barnes & Noble, which makes the Nook Simple Touch with GlowLight, nor Amazon, maker of the Kindle Fire, responded to requests for interviews — industry watchers and scientists confirm that some manufacturers are already developing new features to automatically modulate or remove blue light emissions at night.", "Representatives of Apple note that blue light emissions can be reduced on the iPad by adjusting brightness and switching to white on black mode at night through the \"settings\" feature.", "Other companies also are working on technical solutions. In 2005, after conducting early studies on the effects of blue light on sleep, researchers at John Carroll University in Ohio formed a spinoff company called Photonic Developments to market products that can mitigate blue light exposure. These include orange-tinted glasses, screen filters and blue-light-free bulbs, all sold at LowBlueLights.com.", "\"We have many people talking about the problem,\" said Richard Hansler, one of the scientists who developed the products, \"but I'm surprised that so few have come up with solutions for it.\"" ] }, "parsed_md": "iPad insomnia: Sleep loss linked to blue light from screens used at night -\ntribunedigital-chicagotribune\n\n# Light from electronic screens at night linked to sleep loss\n\n## American Medical Association recognizes problem with tablets and e-readers\n\nJuly 08, 2012|By Monica Eng, Chicago Tribune reporter\n\n(Chris Sweda, Chicago Tribune)\n\nLike a lot of Americans, Amalie Drury has grown very attached to her\nsmartphone.\n\nThe 33-year-old Chicago writer checks the device multiple times a day for\nFacebook updates and email messages. She brings it into the bathroom when she\nbrushes her teeth. And she often totes it to bed, \"just to check email one\nmore time and play a few more rounds of Words With Friends.\"\n\nIf Drury wakes up in the middle of the night, she reaches for her phone again.\n\"My first thought is to pick up the iPhone to see what's happening in the\nnews,\" she said. \"I'll ... sometimes read long features and not really be able\nto go back to sleep.\"\n\nDrury's \"terrible habits,\" as she calls them, reflect those of millions who\nbring their phones, tablets, e-readers and laptops to bed each night,\naccording to consumer research. The trend is causing increasing concern in the\nmedical community based on mounting evidence that the type of light produced\nby our portable electronic screens can contribute to sleep loss.\n\nLast month the American Medical Association issued a policy recognizing \"that\nexposure to excessive light at night, including extended use of various\nelectronic media, can disrupt sleep or exacerbate sleep disorders, especially\nin children and adolescents.\"\n\nAny light at night can be disruptive, researchers say, but in recent years\nstudies have zeroed in on the particularly potent \"blue light\" emitted\nabundantly from the energy-efficient screens of smartphones and computers as\nwell as many energy-saving fluorescent bulbs.\n\nBecause blue light is especially prominent in daylight, our bodies associate\nit with daytime, which may be why exposure to blue light can make us more\nalert and improve our response times. It also has been shown to suppress\nmelatonin, a hormone that helps regulate sleep and is not produced during the\nday.\n\nIn May 2011, Swiss researchers at the University of Basel reported that\nsubjects who spent time at night in front of an LED computer screen, as\nopposed to a screen emitting a variety of colors but little blue light,\nexperienced \"a significant suppression of the evening rise in endogenous\nmelatonin and ... sleepiness.\"\n\nOver the last decade, neuroscientists have discovered novel light-sensitive\ncells in the eye that detect light. These cells are separate from those we use\nfor vision and contain a photopigment called melanopsin that is particularly\nsensitive to blue light. Scientists think this light-detecting mechanism,\nwhich regulates our sense of night and day and time of year, evolved before\nthe ability to see.\n\n\"Blue light preferentially alerts the brain, suppresses the melatonin and\nshifts your body clock all at the same time,\" said Harvard Medical School\nsleep researcher Steven Lockley. \"Your brain is more alert now and thinks it's\ndaytime because we have evolved to only see bright light during the day.\"\n\nCompounding the problem, Lockley and others said, is that unlike TV (which\nalso emits blue light), these newer electronic screens are positioned close to\nour faces, increasing the intensity and effects of the blue light on our\nbrains.\n\n\"The closer you have a light source to the face, the more intense it is,\" said\nLockley, co-author of \"Sleep: A Very Short Introduction.\" \"And the further you\ngo away, it falls off quite quickly. So having things close to the face is\nmuch worse than having a TV that's 10 feet away.\"\n\nThe researcher stressed that these types of screens are not all bad. When used\nduring the day, they can help stabilize circadian rhythms and increase\nalertness and reaction time.\n\nIncreasingly, however, consumers are using devices that emit blue light well\ninto the night. A recent poll by Rosetta marketing consultants indicated that\ntoday almost 1 in 3 Americans who use the Internet own a tablet and that 68\npercent of them report taking the device to bed.\n\nWhile tablet manufacturers remain generally quiet about the blue light issue —\nneither Barnes & Noble, which makes the Nook Simple Touch with GlowLight, nor\nAmazon, maker of the Kindle Fire, responded to requests for interviews —\nindustry watchers and scientists confirm that some manufacturers are already\ndeveloping new features to automatically modulate or remove blue light\nemissions at night.\n\nRepresentatives of Apple note that blue light emissions can be reduced on the\niPad by adjusting brightness and switching to white on black mode at night\nthrough the \"settings\" feature.\n\nOther companies also are working on technical solutions. In 2005, after\nconducting early studies on the effects of blue light on sleep, researchers at\nJohn Carroll University in Ohio formed a spinoff company called Photonic\nDevelopments to market products that can mitigate blue light exposure. These\ninclude orange-tinted glasses, screen filters and blue-light-free bulbs, all\nsold at LowBlueLights.com.\n\n\"We have many people talking about the problem,\" said Richard Hansler, one of\nthe scientists who developed the products, \"but I'm surprised that so few have\ncome up with solutions for it.\"\n\n1 | 2 | Next\n\nMORE:\n\nPrincess Grace`s Fatal Crash: Her Daughter`s Account\n\nWhen one partner in a marriage doesn't want sex, what are options?\n\nAttorney convicted in slaying of Eddy Curry's ex-girlfriend, baby daughter\n\nSome Tips That Will Help Your Fireplace Stop Smoking\n\nMother's Milk Saves 16 Lost At Sea\n\nPut tree in hot water After you put up...\n\nRelated Links\n\nRelated Articles\n\n * Blue light has a dark side June 13, 2012\n * Study Sees The Light On Jet Lag August 1, 1986\n * Out Of The Dark January 12, 1997\n * Bright lights, big problem July 25, 2010\n\nFind More Stories About\n\nTerms of Service\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\nIndex by Date\n\nIndex by Keyword\n\nwww.chicagotribune.com\n\nConnect\n\n * Like us on Facebook\n * Follow us on Twitter\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/23/reading-before-bed_n_6372828.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180826210946/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/23/reading-before-bed_n_6372828.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Reading On A Screen Before Bed Might Be Killing You", "passages": [ "You've heard that using screens before bedtime can mess with your sleep, but new research suggests the problem is even more serious.", "Reading from an iPad before bed not only makes it harder to fall asleep, but also impacts how sleepy and alert you are the next day, according to new research from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on Monday, said the findings could impact anyone who uses an eReader, laptop, smartphone, or certain TVs before bed.", "The new research supports conclusions from older studies, which have also found that screen time before sleep can be detrimental.", "\"We know from previous work that light from screens in the evening alters sleepiness and alertness, and suppresses melatonin levels,\" Dr. Anne-Marie Chang, an associate neuroscientist in BWH’s Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders who was a co-author on the study, told The Huffington Post via email. \"This study shows comprehensive results of a direct comparison between reading with a light-emitting device and reading a printed book and the consequences on sleep.\"", "If you don't want to feel like a zombie during the day, the findings are clear: Read an actual, printed book if you must stimulate your mind before bed, and avoid screens like your life depends on it, because it actually might. Chang said that sleep deficiency -- not getting enough sleep or obtaining poor quality sleep -- has been linked to other health problems such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic suppression of melatonin has also been associated with increased risk of certain cancers, she said.", "The study ran for two weeks and included 12 participants who read on an iPad for four hours before bed for five days straight, a process that was repeated with printed books. For some, the order was reversed: They started with printed books and moved to iPads.", "iPad readers took longer to fall asleep, felt less sleepy at night and had shorter REM sleep compared to the book readers, researchers found. The iPad readers also secreted less melatonin, which helps regulate your sleep. They were also more tired than book readers the following day, even if both got a full eight hours of sleep.", "The real-world effects may be even worse than what researchers observed over the course of their study, however. Chang told HuffPost that because iPad users were found to be more alert, people who look at screens before bed may stay up later than the study participants were allowed to, wrecking their sleep even more.", "If you absolutely, positively must be on your tablet, phone, or computer before bed for whatever reason, there may be a way to make it safer. Try a filter that blocks blue light -- there's an app for Android that produces this effect, though you'll have to purchase a physical filter for your iOS device. Try F.lux if you're using a computer. Research has shown that blue light makes you more alert and suppresses your melatonin, thus hurting your quality of sleep.", "\"The best recommendation (although not the most popular) would be to avoid use of light-emitting screens before bedtime,\" Dr. Chang told HuffPost. \"For those who must use computers or other light-emitting devices in the evening, software or other technology that filters out the blue light may help.\"", "Soothing music before bedtime can really do the trick. A 2005 study found that older people who listened to 45 minutes of soft tunes before hitting the hay reported a 35 percent improvement in their sleep problems. But it doesn't have to be Brahms, if that's not your style. As long as the music was soft and slow -- around 60 to 80 beats per minute -- it can spur physical changes known to promote sleep, like a slower heart rate and breathing, the BBC reported. \"We know that when a person closes their eyes they induce a certain frequency of brain waves,\" says Decker. Slow music may have a similar effect, he surmises, leading to sleep onset. Flickr photo by Llima" ] }, "parsed_md": "Reading On A Screen Before Bed Might Be Killing You | HuffPost\n\nBREAKING NEWS\n\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\nyou.\n\nEDITION\n\nTECH\n\n12/23/2014 12:18 pm ET Updated Nov 30, 2015\n\n# Reading On A Screen Before Bed Might Be Killing You\n\nBy Damon Beres\n\nArtur Debat via Getty Images\n\n110k\n\n220\n\nYou've heard that using screens before bedtime can mess with your sleep, but\nnew research suggests the problem is even more serious.\n\nReading from an iPad before bed not only makes it harder to fall asleep, but\nalso impacts how sleepy and alert you are the next day, according to new\nresearch from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. The\nstudy, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of\nSciences on Monday, said the findings could impact anyone who uses an eReader,\nlaptop, smartphone, or certain TVs before bed.\n\nThe new research supports conclusions from older studies, which have also\nfound that screen time before sleep can be detrimental.\n\n\"We know from previous work that light from screens in the evening alters\nsleepiness and alertness, and suppresses melatonin levels,\" Dr. Anne-Marie\nChang, an associate neuroscientist in BWH’s Division of Sleep and Circadian\nDisorders who was a co-author on the study, told The Huffington Post via\nemail. \"This study shows comprehensive results of a direct comparison between\nreading with a light-emitting device and reading a printed book and the\nconsequences on sleep.\"\n\nIf you don't want to feel like a zombie during the day, the findings are\nclear: Read an actual, printed book if you must stimulate your mind before\nbed, and avoid screens like your life depends on it, because it actually\nmight. Chang said that sleep deficiency -- not getting enough sleep or\nobtaining poor quality sleep -- has been linked to other health problems such\nas obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic suppression of\nmelatonin has also been associated with increased risk of certain cancers, she\nsaid.\n\nNeedless to say, sleep has its own innate benefits, so cutting it short is a\nbad idea anyway.\n\nThe study ran for two weeks and included 12 participants who read on an iPad\nfor four hours before bed for five days straight, a process that was repeated\nwith printed books. For some, the order was reversed: They started with\nprinted books and moved to iPads.\n\niPad readers took longer to fall asleep, felt less sleepy at night and had\nshorter REM sleep compared to the book readers, researchers found. The iPad\nreaders also secreted less melatonin, which helps regulate your sleep. They\nwere also more tired than book readers the following day, even if both got a\nfull eight hours of sleep.\n\nThe real-world effects may be even worse than what researchers observed over\nthe course of their study, however. Chang told HuffPost that because iPad\nusers were found to be more alert, people who look at screens before bed may\nstay up later than the study participants were allowed to, wrecking their\nsleep even more.\n\nIf you absolutely, positively must be on your tablet, phone, or computer\nbefore bed for whatever reason, there may be a way to make it safer. Try a\nfilter that blocks blue light -- there's an app for Android that produces this\neffect, though you'll have to purchase a physical filter for your iOS device.\nTry F.lux if you're using a computer. Research has shown that blue light makes\nyou more alert and suppresses your melatonin, thus hurting your quality of\nsleep.\n\n\"The best recommendation (although not the most popular) would be to avoid use\nof light-emitting screens before bedtime,\" Dr. Chang told HuffPost. \"For those\nwho must use computers or other light-emitting devices in the evening,\nsoftware or other technology that filters out the blue light may help.\"\n\nDownload\n\n#### BEFORE YOU GO\n\nPHOTO GALLERY\n\nCan't Sleep?\n\nDamon Beres\n\nTech Editor, The Huffington Post\n\nSuggest a correction\n\n#### MORE:\n\nScreens Before Bed The Third Metric Third Metric Ipad Screen Blue Light\n\nReading On A Screen Before Bed Might Be Killing You\n\n110k\n\n220\n\n##### CONVERSATIONS\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * Careers\n * Archive\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n * HuffPost Press Room\n\n©2018 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nHuffPost Impact\n\n * Australia\n * Brazil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Ελλάδα (Greece)\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * 日本 (Japan)\n * 한국 (Korea)\n * Maghreb\n * Mexico\n * Quebec\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n\nReading On A Screen Before Bed Might Be Killing You\n\nCan't Sleep?\n\nCan't Sleep?\n\n1 / 8\n\nLullabies\n\nSoothing music before bedtime can really do the trick. A 2005 study found that\nolder people who listened to 45 minutes of soft tunes before hitting the hay\nreported a <a\nhref=\"http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/nursing/news/news.asp?id=124\"\ntarget=\"_hplink\">35 percent improvement in their sleep problems</a>. But it\ndoesn't have to be Brahms, if that's not your style. As long as the music was\nsoft and slow -- around 60 to 80 beats per minute -- it can spur <a\nhref=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/4228707.stm\" target=\"_hplink\">physical\nchanges known to promote sleep</a>, like a slower heart rate and breathing,\nthe BBC reported. \"We know that when a person closes their eyes they induce a\ncertain frequency of brain waves,\" says Decker. Slow music may have a similar\neffect, he surmises, leading to sleep onset. <em>Flickr photo by <a\nhref=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/llimaorosa/112246369/\"\ntarget=\"_hplink\">Llima</a></em>\n\n<a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Flickr:</a> <a\nhref=\"http://www.flickr.com/people/llimaorosa/\" target=\"_blank\"> Llima</a>\n\n# Get breaking news alerts\n\nDownload our app\n\nGo to mobile site\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-topics/caffeine-and-sleep", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190204131503/https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-topics/caffeine-and-sleep", "parsed_text": { "title": "Caffeine & Sleep Problems", "passages": [ "Caffeine has been called the most popular drug in the world. It is found naturally in over 60 plants including the coffee bean, tea leaf, kola nut and cacao pod. All over the world people consume caffeine on a daily basis in coffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate, some soft drinks, and some drugs.", "Because caffeine is a stimulant, most people use it after waking up in the morning or to remain alert during the day. While it is important to note that caffeine cannot replace sleep, it can temporarily make us feel more alert by blocking sleep-inducing chemicals in the brain and increasing adrenaline production.", "There is no nutritional need for caffeine in the diet. Moderate caffeine intake, however, is not associated with any recognized health risk. Three 8 oz. cups of coffee (250 milligrams of caffeine) per day is considered a moderate amount of caffeine. Six or more 8 oz. cups of coffee per day is considered excessive intake of caffeine.", "Caffeine enters the bloodstream through the stomach and small intestine and can have a stimulating effect as soon as 15 minutes after it is consumed. Once in the body, caffeine will persist for several hours: it takes about 6 hours for one half of the caffeine to be eliminated. There are numerous studies to support the idea that caffeine causes physical dependence. If you suspect that you or someone you know is dependent on to caffeine, the best test is to eliminate it and look for signs of withdrawal, such as headache, fatigue and muscle pain.", "Although caffeine is safe to consume in moderation, it is not recommended for children. It may negatively affect a child's nutrition by replacing nutrient- dense foods such as milk. A child may also eat less because caffeine acts as an appetite suppressant. Caffeine can be safely eliminated from a child's diet since there is no nutritional requirement for it.", "Although the FDA does not advise against women who are pregnant or nursing to eliminate caffeine from the diet, many experts recommend limiting the amount consumed during that time to one or two 8 oz." ] }, "parsed_md": "Caffeine & Sleep Problems - National Sleep Foundation\n\nSkip to main content\n\nSkip to main content Skip to navigation\n\n# Caffeine and Sleep\n\nHome >> Sleep Topics >> Caffeine and Sleep\n\nCaffeine has been called the most popular drug in the world. It is found\nnaturally in over 60 plants including the coffee bean, tea leaf, kola nut and\ncacao pod. All over the world people consume caffeine on a daily basis in\ncoffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate, some soft drinks, and some drugs.\n\nBecause caffeine is a stimulant, most people use it after waking up in the\nmorning or to remain alert during the day. While it is important to note that\ncaffeine cannot replace sleep, it can temporarily make us feel more alert by\nblocking sleep-inducing chemicals in the brain and increasing adrenaline\nproduction.\n\nThere is no nutritional need for caffeine in the diet. Moderate caffeine\nintake, however, is not associated with any recognized health risk. Three 8\noz. cups of coffee (250 milligrams of caffeine) per day is considered a\nmoderate amount of caffeine. Six or more 8 oz. cups of coffee per day is\nconsidered excessive intake of caffeine.\n\nCaffeine enters the bloodstream through the stomach and small intestine and\ncan have a stimulating effect as soon as 15 minutes after it is consumed. Once\nin the body, caffeine will persist for several hours: it takes about 6 hours\nfor one half of the caffeine to be eliminated. There are numerous studies to\nsupport the idea that caffeine causes physical dependence. If you suspect that\nyou or someone you know is dependent on to caffeine, the best test is to\neliminate it and look for signs of withdrawal, such as headache, fatigue and\nmuscle pain.\n\nAlthough caffeine is safe to consume in moderation, it is not recommended for\nchildren. It may negatively affect a child's nutrition by replacing nutrient-\ndense foods such as milk. A child may also eat less because caffeine acts as\nan appetite suppressant. Caffeine can be safely eliminated from a child's diet\nsince there is no nutritional requirement for it.\n\nAlthough the FDA does not advise against women who are pregnant or nursing to\neliminate caffeine from the diet, many experts recommend limiting the amount\nconsumed during that time to one or two 8 oz.\n\n## Pages\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * 3\n * next ›\n * last »\n\n## Related Content\n\nSleep Health and Safety - CME Faculty\n\nSleep Health and Safety - Public Health Track Faculty\n\nLearn about how sleep impacts your health\n\nPowered by National Sleep Foundation\n\nVisit Now\n\n * Media\n * Events & Activities\n * For Professionals\n * Journal\n * Membership\n * Careers\n * Sleep.org\n * About Us\n\n“National Sleep Foundation” is a registered trademark of the National Sleep\nFoundation.\n\n * sleep.org\n * Sleep Disorders\n * Sleep Topics\n * Journal\n * How America Sleeps\n * Find A Sleep Professional\n * Sleep Shop\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Youtube\n * Blog\n * Instagram\n * RSS\n\nSyndicate\n\n©2019 National Sleep Foundation. All rights reserved.\n\nPrivacy Policy | Terms & Conditions | Copyright Notice | Site Map\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390443866404577565781327694346", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211019163811/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390443866404577565781327694346", "parsed_text": { "title": "Decoding the Science of Sleep", "passages": [ "sleeping pills only do so much. How did we get this far away from our most basic, ancient habits? And how can we get back on track?", "A growing number of Americans don't get enough sleep, thanks to higher stress and other factors. David K. Randall, author of \"Dreamland: Adventures in the Strange Science of Sleep,\" talks about the problem and some steps to improve sleep.", "Zlatko Glusica was the captain of an Air India Express plane carrying 166 passengers from Dubai to Mangalore, a bustling port city on India's southern coast. As his Boeing 737 approached the city, Mr. Glusica woke up from a nap in the cockpit and took over the controls. His co-pilot warned him repeatedly that he was coming in at the wrong angle and that he should pull up and try again. The last sound on the cockpit recorder was the co-pilot screaming that they didn't have any runway left. The plane overshot the landing and burst into flames. Only eight people survived. An investigation found that the captain was suffering from \"sleep inertia.\"", "You will be charged $ + tax (if applicable) for The Wall Street Journal. You may change your billing preferences at any time in the Customer Center or call Customer Service. You will be notified in advance of any changes in rate or terms. You may cancel your subscription at anytime by calling Customer Service." ] }, "parsed_md": "Decoding the Science of Sleep - WSJ\n\nThe Wall Street Journal\n\nSubscribeSign In\n\nEnglish Edition\n\n * English\n * 中文 (Chinese)\n * 日本語 (Japanese)\n\nPrint Edition\n\nVideo\n\nPodcasts\n\nLatest Headlines\n\nSubscribeSign In\n\nShare\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Copy Link\n\n# Decoding the Science of Sleep\n\n## In today's always-on economy, we're tired like never before. Caffeine and\nsleeping pills only do so much. How did we get this far away from our most\nbasic, ancient habits? And how can we get back on track?\n\nA growing number of Americans don't get enough sleep, thanks to higher stress\nand other factors. David K. Randall, author of \"Dreamland: Adventures in the\nStrange Science of Sleep,\" talks about the problem and some steps to improve\nsleep.\n\nBy David K. Randall\n\nAug. 3, 2012 7:26 pm ET\n\nZlatko Glusica was the captain of an Air India Express plane carrying 166\npassengers from Dubai to Mangalore, a bustling port city on India's southern\ncoast. As his Boeing 737 approached the city, Mr. Glusica woke up from a nap\nin the cockpit and took over the controls. His co-pilot warned him repeatedly\nthat he was coming in at the wrong angle and that he should pull up and try\nagain. The last sound on the cockpit recorder was the co-pilot screaming that\nthey didn't have any runway left. The plane overshot the landing and burst\ninto flames. Only eight people survived. An investigation found that the\ncaptain was suffering from \"sleep inertia.\"\n\nTo Read the Full Story\n\nSubscribe Sign In\n\n### Continue reading your article with a WSJ membership\n\nView Membership Options\n\n## Resume Subscription\n\nWe are delighted that you'd like to resume your subscription.\n\nYou will be charged $ + tax (if applicable) for The Wall Street Journal. 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All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.everydayhealth.com/sleep-pictures/tricks-to-waking-up-in-the-morning.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210812180843/https://www.everydayhealth.com/sleep-pictures/tricks-to-waking-up-in-the-morning.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "11 Tricks for Waking Up Early in the Morning", "passages": [ "If \"rise and shine\" in your life is more like \"hit snooze and whine,\" try these ideas for making friends with your alarm clock.", "Lots of people set the alarm with the best of intentions, knowing that's the time they need to get up to meet the day's demands. But then the alarm clock seems to ring way before they're ready to rise, so they're hitting snooze and, eventually, running late. Something's got to give.", "The key lies inside your body. \"An important factor in being able to wake up easily at the desired time in the morning is the timing of one's circadian rhythm, or 'body clock,'\" says sleep researcher Leon C. Lack, PhD, professor emeritus in the school of psychology at Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia. Much of what you need to do to wake up on time starts by planning your sleep schedule the day and the evening before — and by making your mornings count.", "How do our internal clocks work, and how much can we control them? According to the National Institutes of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), the body’s master clock, located in the brain, produces and regulates our circadian rhythms, which help determine sleep patterns over the course of a 24 hour period. Environmental signals, such as daylight and darkness, affect circadian rhythms, too. When incoming light hits the optic nerves, information is passed along from the eyes to the brain. When there is little or no light — at night — your clock tells the brain to make more melatonin, a hormone which makes you sleepy.", "Our sleep-wake cycles, hormone levels, metabolism, and body temperature are all affected by our circadian rhythms, notes the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. When your rhythm is off, you may be at risk for more than just a few groggy days you drag yourself through. Irregular rhythms, the NIGMS notes, have been linked to chronic health conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, depression, bipolar disorder, and seasonal affective disorder.", "But there are ways to recalibrate your system to get the sleep you need and wake up feeling refreshed and ready for the day ahead. Physiological and psychological factors come into play, and it’s not always easy to get a good night’s rest or adhere to a schedule so that you consistently go to sleep and get up around the same time each day.", "If you’re not a morning person, and you find yourself struggling at the start of your day, try these tips and strategies to get going.", "Michelle Segar, PhD, a healthy-living expert and motivation scientist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, says that to make any change in your life stick, including waking up on time, you need to clearly define why it's important to you.", "What's your motivation? Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just have a few moments of reflection to be better prepared for your day? Maybe you're just tired of the stress of running late every morning.", "Once you crystallize your reasons, take a second step and tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make. Accountability helps as much as an alarm clock.", "Now that you're clear about what you want to do when you wake up and what it takes to get more sleep, consider trimming down your morning activities. This could let you set the alarm clock for a few minutes (or more) later.", "If you've decided you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. Are you spending 15 minutes in line at the café to get coffee? That's a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping by buying a coffee maker with a timer — another wake-me-up device that will also brew your favorite hot drink on your schedule.", "If you've been riding the sleep deprivation roller coaster for a while, you might not even know how much sleep your body naturally would want if you weren't staying up late and slapping around the alarm clock in the morning.", "Dr. Lack explains that, in general, your body makes changes in anticipation of your going to sleep, such as dropping in temperature and heart rate and secreting melatonin into your bloodstream one to two hours before your regular bedtime. This get-some-sleep cycle peaks at about 3 or 4 a.m., and then your body starts a gradual morning waking-up process.", "One way to figure out what might work best for you is to set a consistent bedtime that starts about eight hours before your alarm is going to go off. Stick to that for several weeks (including weekends) to get a feeling for how well your body responds. Lack notes that some people are naturally night owls and will still find it hard to go to bed early (at least what's early for them), even if they have to wake up early as well.", "Your body naturally makes melatonin to stimulate your sleep, but you can also take a melatonin supplement to help reorient your body clock. Try the lowest possible dose to start — 0.5 to 5 milligrams is common — five to six hours before bedtime for a few days. Lack says that, \"after several nights, this should result in an earlier timed body clock, earlier sleep onset, and earlier, easier awakening in the morning.\"", "Melatonin doesn't work well for all of sleep disorders, and can even result in drowsiness the next day for some people. It’s always a good idea to talk with your healthcare provider before taking supplements because of possible side effects and interactions with other medication you may be taking. People with autoimmune disorders or diabetes, and those taking birth control pills, blood thinners, sedatives, or some kinds of blood pressure medication, should not take melatonin without first discussing it with a healthcare professional.", "Part of getting up on time is getting enough sleep the night before. And getting ready for bed is a process of winding down. Segar warns that spending time in front of screens — whether TV, laptop, or phone — right up until bedtime doesn't lead to restful sleep. Use the alarm clock in your favorite gadget to set a reminder to turn everything off at least an hour before you turn in — no excuses.", "Sitting in front of the bright lights of your flat-screen TV before bedtime can make it hard to go to sleep, but bright light for an hour or two once you wake up can help set your body clock to accept your wake-up time. \"This can be from sunlight, especially in summer, or artificial bright light if it's cold, dark, and rainy outside,\" says Lack, who is part of a research and development team that has developed bright light devices for this purpose. If your schedule allows it, a walk in the morning sun or a restful breakfast on the patio would be good for both your mood and better sleep.", "To figure out what's interfering with your sleep and therefore your waking up, look at your day and how you spend your evenings. You might have to reorganize some of your activities. For example, even if the only time you can get to the gym is after dinner, this time slot can result in poor sleep. Segar suggests finding another time to work out earlier in the day.", "According to a National Sleep Foundation survey, about 12 percent of adults believe their work schedule makes it impossible to get enough sleep. If you're overburdened on the job and constantly work late into the evening, try to find ways to share the load with a partner or colleague.", "Sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, or health issues, such as allergies or depression, could be leaving you with poor quality sleep. No matter how hard you try to get to bed on time and wake up on time, you'll still be tired in the morning and sleepy during the day.", "For sleep apnea, your sleep partner may note snoring or gasping for air, or you may have a morning headache. Talk to your doctor about testing to find out if you have an underlying condition that's making sleep difficult.", "Now that you've identified the obstacles to going to sleep on time, it's time to create some obstacles to staying in bed. If your alarm is right next to your bed and the big \"snooze\" button is easy to reach without raising your head off the pillow, you're probably going to try to sleep in longer. Put your alarm clock at the other end of your bedroom so that you're forced to get up to turn it off.", "Also consider setting a second alarm — far away — if you're having a lot of difficulty getting up. When you're trying to reset your sleep and wake times, you might also ask family members or roommates to help you get up until you're in sync.", "If you're running on empty by the time Friday night rolls around, sleeping in on Saturday could sound like heaven. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week because it interrupts your natural body clock, which doesn't have a weekend setting.", "Whatever your set bedtime and wake time are for the weekday, you'll have to stick to them on the weekends, too. According to research published in the journal Chronobiology International, a consistent bedtime on the weekends seems to lead to better sleep and easier waking during the week. Plus, you get to spend that weekend morning time any way you'd like.", "Keep track of all the better sleep efforts you're making and write down how you feel, suggests Segar. Do you have more energy? A peppier mood? Are you more patient with your family? Are you still sleepy or hitting that alarm clock snooze button?", "After you've tried a new strategy or two for a week, take a look at your journal. If the steps you're taking are working, keep them up. If not, take another look at the obstacles and consider other strategies you could try. Segar advises going through this weekly experiment-and-evaluate cycle for 6 to 12 weeks. \"Don't expect perfection,\" she says. \"That's another setup for failure. Instead, be self-compassionate as you learn how to make this important lifestyle change.”", "Sleep generally comes with a host of health benefits, but overdoing it is associated with health risks and could indicate an underlying condition.", "Blue light plays a big role in setting our bodies’ circadian rhythms. Here’s when to soak it in and when to avoid it for dreamier sleep and more energetic...", "Despite one of the latest viral trends on TikTok, the science behind the boiled lettuce beverage does not seem to hold water.", "Science says what you sip before bedtime (and for several hours leading up to it) can definitely affect your slumber.", "‘Losing’ an hour of sleep every spring may be unpleasant, but research suggests it may be hurting our health, too. Here’s what you should know.", "© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally registered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission." ] }, "parsed_md": "11 Tricks for Waking Up Early in the Morning | Everyday Health\n\nSleep\n\n# 11 Tricks for Waking Up Earlier in the Morning\n\nIf \"rise and shine\" in your life is more like \"hit snooze and whine,\" try\nthese ideas for making friends with your alarm clock.\n\nBy Madeline R. Vann, MPHMedically Reviewed by Justin Laube, MD\n\nReviewed: November 27, 2017\n\nMedically Reviewed\n\n## When 'Rise and Shine' Is Easier Said Than Done\n\nAndrey Pavlov/Stocksy\n\nLots of people set the alarm with the best of intentions, knowing that's the\ntime they need to get up to meet the day's demands. But then the alarm clock\nseems to ring way before they're ready to rise, so they're hitting snooze and,\neventually, running late. Something's got to give.\n\nThe key lies inside your body. \"An important factor in being able to wake up\neasily at the desired time in the morning is the timing of one's circadian\nrhythm, or 'body clock,'\" says sleep researcher Leon C. Lack, PhD, professor\nemeritus in the school of psychology at Flinders University in Adelaide,\nAustralia. Much of what you need to do to wake up on time starts by planning\nyour sleep schedule the day and the evening before — and by making your\nmornings count.\n\nHow do our internal clocks work, and how much can we control them? According\nto the National Institutes of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), the body’s\nmaster clock, located in the brain, produces and regulates our circadian\nrhythms, which help determine sleep patterns over the course of a 24 hour\nperiod. Environmental signals, such as daylight and darkness, affect circadian\nrhythms, too. When incoming light hits the optic nerves, information is passed\nalong from the eyes to the brain. When there is little or no light — at night\n— your clock tells the brain to make more melatonin, a hormone which makes you\nsleepy.\n\nOur sleep-wake cycles, hormone levels, metabolism, and body temperature are\nall affected by our circadian rhythms, notes the National Institute of\nNeurological Disorders and Stroke. When your rhythm is off, you may be at risk\nfor more than just a few groggy days you drag yourself through. Irregular\nrhythms, the NIGMS notes, have been linked to chronic health conditions, such\nas obesity, diabetes, depression, bipolar disorder, and seasonal affective\ndisorder.\n\nBut there are ways to recalibrate your system to get the sleep you need and\nwake up feeling refreshed and ready for the day ahead. Physiological and\npsychological factors come into play, and it’s not always easy to get a good\nnight’s rest or adhere to a schedule so that you consistently go to sleep and\nget up around the same time each day.\n\nIf you’re not a morning person, and you find yourself struggling at the start\nof your day, try these tips and strategies to get going.\n\n## Know Why You Want to Improve Your Wake-Up Routine\n\nFabio Formaggio/500px.com\n\nMichelle Segar, PhD, a healthy-living expert and motivation scientist at the\nUniversity of Michigan in Ann Arbor, says that to make any change in your life\nstick, including waking up on time, you need to clearly define why it's\nimportant to you.\n\nWhat's your motivation? Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with\nyour family, get in some exercise, or just have a few moments of reflection to\nbe better prepared for your day? Maybe you're just tired of the stress of\nrunning late every morning.\n\nOnce you crystallize your reasons, take a second step and tell your family or\nroommates about the change you want to make. Accountability helps as much as\nan alarm clock.\n\n## Streamline Your Mornings to Gain Time\n\nAnnie Spratt/Unsplash\n\nNow that you're clear about what you want to do when you wake up and what it\ntakes to get more sleep, consider trimming down your morning activities. This\ncould let you set the alarm clock for a few minutes (or more) later.\n\nIf you've decided you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some\ntime the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. Are you\nspending 15 minutes in line at the café to get coffee? That's a quarter-hour\nmore you could be sleeping by buying a coffee maker with a timer — another\nwake-me-up device that will also brew your favorite hot drink on your\nschedule.\n\n## Get to Know Your Internal Body Clock Better\n\nWil Stewart/Unsplash\n\nIf you've been riding the sleep deprivation roller coaster for a while, you\nmight not even know how much sleep your body naturally would want if you\nweren't staying up late and slapping around the alarm clock in the morning.\n\nDr. Lack explains that, in general, your body makes changes in anticipation of\nyour going to sleep, such as dropping in temperature and heart rate and\nsecreting melatonin into your bloodstream one to two hours before your regular\nbedtime. This get-some-sleep cycle peaks at about 3 or 4 a.m., and then your\nbody starts a gradual morning waking-up process.\n\nOne way to figure out what might work best for you is to set a consistent\nbedtime that starts about eight hours before your alarm is going to go off.\nStick to that for several weeks (including weekends) to get a feeling for how\nwell your body responds. Lack notes that some people are naturally night owls\nand will still find it hard to go to bed early (at least what's early for\nthem), even if they have to wake up early as well.\n\n## Try a Melatonin Supplement to Get Back on Track\n\nSuntorn Niamwhan/500px.com\n\nYour body naturally makes melatonin to stimulate your sleep, but you can also\ntake a melatonin supplement to help reorient your body clock. Try the lowest\npossible dose to start — 0.5 to 5 milligrams is common — five to six hours\nbefore bedtime for a few days. Lack says that, \"after several nights, this\nshould result in an earlier timed body clock, earlier sleep onset, and\nearlier, easier awakening in the morning.\"\n\nMelatonin doesn't work well for all of sleep disorders, and can even result in\ndrowsiness the next day for some people. It’s always a good idea to talk with\nyour healthcare provider before taking supplements because of possible side\neffects and interactions with other medication you may be taking. People with\nautoimmune disorders or diabetes, and those taking birth control pills, blood\nthinners, sedatives, or some kinds of blood pressure medication, should not\ntake melatonin without first discussing it with a healthcare professional.\n\n## Power Down Your Devices and Turn Off the TV Before Bedtime\n\nThinkstock\n\nPart of getting up on time is getting enough sleep the night before. And\ngetting ready for bed is a process of winding down. Segar warns that spending\ntime in front of screens — whether TV, laptop, or phone — right up until\nbedtime doesn't lead to restful sleep. Use the alarm clock in your favorite\ngadget to set a reminder to turn everything off at least an hour before you\nturn in — no excuses.\n\n## Get Bright Light First Thing in the Morning\n\n500px.com\n\nSitting in front of the bright lights of your flat-screen TV before bedtime\ncan make it hard to go to sleep, but bright light for an hour or two once you\nwake up can help set your body clock to accept your wake-up time. \"This can be\nfrom sunlight, especially in summer, or artificial bright light if it's cold,\ndark, and rainy outside,\" says Lack, who is part of a research and development\nteam that has developed bright light devices for this purpose. If your\nschedule allows it, a walk in the morning sun or a restful breakfast on the\npatio would be good for both your mood and better sleep.\n\n## Reorganize to Lighten Your Evening Schedule\n\nGanapathy Kumar/Unsplash\n\nTo figure out what's interfering with your sleep and therefore your waking up,\nlook at your day and how you spend your evenings. You might have to reorganize\nsome of your activities. For example, even if the only time you can get to the\ngym is after dinner, this time slot can result in poor sleep. Segar suggests\nfinding another time to work out earlier in the day.\n\nAccording to a National Sleep Foundation survey, about 12 percent of adults\nbelieve their work schedule makes it impossible to get enough sleep. If you're\noverburdened on the job and constantly work late into the evening, try to find\nways to share the load with a partner or colleague.\n\n## Get an Evaluation to See What’s Affecting Your Sleep\n\nMasterfile\n\nSleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, or health issues, such as\nallergies or depression, could be leaving you with poor quality sleep. No\nmatter how hard you try to get to bed on time and wake up on time, you'll\nstill be tired in the morning and sleepy during the day.\n\nFor sleep apnea, your sleep partner may note snoring or gasping for air, or\nyou may have a morning headache. Talk to your doctor about testing to find out\nif you have an underlying condition that's making sleep difficult.\n\n## Make Hitting 'Snooze' More of a Challenge\n\nAlamy\n\nNow that you've identified the obstacles to going to sleep on time, it's time\nto create some obstacles to staying in bed. If your alarm is right next to\nyour bed and the big \"snooze\" button is easy to reach without raising your\nhead off the pillow, you're probably going to try to sleep in longer. Put your\nalarm clock at the other end of your bedroom so that you're forced to get up\nto turn it off.\n\nAlso consider setting a second alarm — far away — if you're having a lot of\ndifficulty getting up. When you're trying to reset your sleep and wake times,\nyou might also ask family members or roommates to help you get up until you're\nin sync.\n\n## Stick to Your Sleep and Wake Schedule on Weekends\n\nEric Rothermel/Unsplash\n\nIf you're running on empty by the time Friday night rolls around, sleeping in\non Saturday could sound like heaven. But compensating on the weekends actually\nfeeds into your sleepiness the following week because it interrupts your\nnatural body clock, which doesn't have a weekend setting.\n\nWhatever your set bedtime and wake time are for the weekday, you'll have to\nstick to them on the weekends, too. According to research published in the\njournal Chronobiology International, a consistent bedtime on the weekends\nseems to lead to better sleep and easier waking during the week. Plus, you get\nto spend that weekend morning time any way you'd like.\n\n## Keep a Sleep Log and Evaluate It Weekly\n\nThinkstock\n\nKeep track of all the better sleep efforts you're making and write down how\nyou feel, suggests Segar. Do you have more energy? A peppier mood? Are you\nmore patient with your family? Are you still sleepy or hitting that alarm\nclock snooze button?\n\nAfter you've tried a new strategy or two for a week, take a look at your\njournal. If the steps you're taking are working, keep them up. If not, take\nanother look at the obstacles and consider other strategies you could try.\nSegar advises going through this weekly experiment-and-evaluate cycle for 6 to\n12 weeks. \"Don't expect perfection,\" she says. \"That's another setup for\nfailure. Instead, be self-compassionate as you learn how to make this\nimportant lifestyle change.”\n\n## Most Recent in Sleep\n\n### Power Naps: The Benefits, How Long They Should Be, and When They Work Best\n\n### Are You Sleeping Too Much? Here’s How to Tell (and Why It Can Be Risky)\n\n### Blue Light: What Is It and How Does It Affect Your Sleep?\n\n### Can Lettuce Water Actually Help You Sleep?\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nSign up for our Healthy Living Newsletter!\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\n## The Latest in Sleep\n\n### Power Naps: The Benefits, How Long They Should Be, and When They Work Best\n\nNeed an afternoon pick-me-up? Call on the power nap, but keep it to no more\nthan 30 minutes.\n\nBy Moira LawlerAugust 10, 2021\n\n### Are You Sleeping Too Much? Here’s How to Tell (and Why It Can Be Risky)\n\nSleep generally comes with a host of health benefits, but overdoing it is\nassociated with health risks and could indicate an underlying condition.\n\nBy Moira LawlerJuly 30, 2021\n\n### Blue Light: What Is It and How Does It Affect Your Sleep?\n\nBlue light plays a big role in setting our bodies’ circadian rhythms. Here’s\nwhen to soak it in and when to avoid it for dreamier sleep and more\nenergetic...\n\nBy Carmen ChaiJuly 12, 2021\n\n### Can Lettuce Water Actually Help You Sleep?\n\nDespite one of the latest viral trends on TikTok, the science behind the\nboiled lettuce beverage does not seem to hold water.\n\nBy Leah GrothJune 14, 2021\n\n### 8 Health Problems Linked to Not Getting Enough Sleep\n\nChronic sleep deprivation can have long-term consequences for your overall\nhealth and well-being.\n\nBy Becky UphamMarch 17, 2021\n\n### Can Mindfulness Improve Your Sleep?\n\nResearch suggests a regular mindfulness practice can help with multiple\nmeasures of sleep.&nbsp;\n\nBy Markham HeidMarch 16, 2021\n\n### The Best and Worst Beverages to Drink Before Bedtime\n\nScience says what you sip before bedtime (and for several hours leading up to\nit) can definitely affect your slumber.\n\nBy Vivian Manning-SchaffelMarch 16, 2021\n\n### Best Sleep Products\n\nHere are 10 soothing, calming, and bedtime-ready choices designed to get you\nthe z's you need.\n\nBy Elizabeth MillardMarch 15, 2021\n\n### Why You’re Having Weird Dreams During the COVID-19 Pandemic\n\nAnd how to have fewer of the distressing ones.&nbsp;\n\nBy Markham HeidMarch 12, 2021\n\n### How to Prep Your Body for Turning the Clocks Ahead for Daylight Saving\nTime\n\n‘Losing’ an hour of sleep every spring may be unpleasant, but research\nsuggests it may be hurting our health, too. Here’s what you should know.\n\nBy Lauren BedoskyMarch 8, 2021\n\nWellness inspired. Wellness enabled.\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Editorial Policy\n * Newsletters\n * Privacy Policy\n * Health News\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * Feedback\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * Popular Topics\n * AdChoice\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nGet the best in health and wellness\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\nA PROPERTY OFEHGLogo\n\nMore From Everyday Health: Castle Connolly Top DoctorsMigraine AgainDailyOM\n\n© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally\nregistered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third\nparties without explicit permission.\n\nBadgesBadgesBadgesBadgesBadges\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.mensfitness.com:80/weight-loss/success-stories/10-best-ways-get-better-sleep/slide/4", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161019034751/http://www.mensfitness.com:80/weight-loss/success-stories/10-best-ways-get-better-sleep/slide/4", "parsed_text": { "title": "Take a hot shower before bed to prompt your body to sleep. - 10 Best Ways to Get Better Sleep", "passages": [ "Take a hot shower before bed to prompt your body to sleep. - 10 Best Ways to Get Better Sleep | Men's Fitness - Men's Fitness", "With beeping smartphones, crying babies and the distractions of work and relationship issues, getting a “good night’s sleep�? is a tall order these days. Although deep sleep—also known as slow-wave sleep and essential for physical restoration—and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep—a lighter type of sleep that restores the mind—are both important, a helpful strategy would be to focus on “solid, unbroken sleep,�? says J. Todd Arnedt, Ph.D., associate professor and director of the Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program at the University of Michigan.", "Your goal should be three or more nights per week of unbroken sleep, he says. Anything less, consult your doctor. “There are safe and effective medication and non-medication treatments available to help,�? Arnedt says.", "Organize your sleep environment so it feels comfortable for you, but keep it quiet and dark with a “generally cooler�? temperature, says Arnedt.", "As for a particular fabric for the bed, or pillow style, it’s an individual choice rather than a scientific conclusion, he suggests. “In my experience, people have to figure out what works for them personally,�? Arnedt says.", "“Caffeine doesn’t allow you to get into deep sleep,�? says Michael Breus, a clinical psychologist and author of The Sleep Doctor’s Diet Plan: Lose Weight Through Better Sleep. “It keeps you in the lighter stages of sleep.�?", "To avoid the “sleep-dampening�? effects of caffeine, which has a half-life of 8 to 10 hours, shut down caffeine intake after 2 p.m.", "If you have your last cup of joe at 2 p.m., figure you can go to bed by 10 p.m., says Breus.", "Exercise will take a couple of months to positively affect your sleep, but a regular routine will help, according to Breus. Vigorous exercise led to better sleep for twice as many respondents to the National Sleep Foundation’s 2013 \"Sleep in America\" poll. However, don’t exercise more than two hours before bedtime, says Breus.", "Meanwhile, meditation may help treat insomnia, according to a 2009 study by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. “Practice effective stress-management strategies,�? such as meditation or relaxation exercises, advises Arnedt.", "A relaxing rinse under the hot water increases your core body temperature and can improve your sleep—especially if it’s 90 minutes before bedtime, says Breus.", "“That drop in core body temperature is a signal to reduce melatonin,�? says Breus. Known as the \"Dracula of hormones,\" melatonin makes you sleepy and regulates sleep and wake cycles.", "“If you’re lying in bed with your partner or girlfriend, and just found out that little Johnnie just failed out of school, well you’re going to get crappy sleep that night,�? says Breus. “Because quite frankly that’s all you’re going to be thinking about.�?", "Consider using a sleep shield on your mobile device to control the amount of light you’re exposed to before bed, advises Breus.", "“It filters out that wavelength of light that affects your circadian rhythm,�? he says. Circadian rhythms are changes to a person’s environment that affect sleep-wake patterns. Products on the market include the Sleep Shield, which places a transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) coating over your mobile device to reduce the amount of blue light that interferes with melatonin production.", "“What most people don’t realize is that while alcohol makes you feel sleepy, it also keeps you out of the deeper stages of sleep,�? says Breus. The human body needs an hour to metabolize one alcoholic beverage, he says.", "“If you have two drinks, then you shouldn’t go to bed for 2 hours; if you have 3 drinks, then you shouldn’t go to bed for 3 hours,�? advises Breus. As for falling asleep after a drink, that’s just called “passing out,�? Breus adds.", "“If you’re a smoker, you should quit but if you’re not going to quit, you shouldn’t smoke for probably an hour and a half before bed,�? Breus says. “Smoking before bed can affect the ability to reach deeper stages of sleep.�?", "Nicotine can prolong the amount of time it takes you to fall sleep (called a longer sleep onset latency) and result in lighter stages of sleep, reveals the 2006 study “Cigarette Smoking and Nocturnal Sleep Architecture�? from the American Journal of Epidemiology.", "When you have sleep disorder like sleep apnea, it can cause breathing problems that wake you during the night and prevent you from remaining in deep sleep.", "If you suffer from snoring or choking during the night, get it treated, Breus advises. Treatment methods include sleep machines to help you breathe at night, or a mouth guard that moves your jaw forward, he says.", "Several mobile apps help track your sleep to provide insight on what may wake you up at night. The best apps have a hardware component like the Jawbone Up wristband, Nike FuelBand or Beddit’s ultrathin film sensor that goes under your sheet." ] }, "parsed_md": "Take a hot shower before bed to prompt your body to sleep. - 10 Best Ways to\nGet Better Sleep | Men's Fitness - Men's Fitness\n\nSkip to main content\n\nSubscribe Newsletter sign-up\n\n * Sports\n\n * Baseball\n * Basketball\n * Football\n * Golf\n * Hockey\n * MMA\n * NASCAR\n * Soccer\n * Tennis\n * Iron Drives\n\nFive key strength training tips for golfers.\n\n|\n\nFinish Him\n\nThe best UFC knockouts in history. \n \n---|--- \n * Training\n\n * Workout Routines\n * Muscle\n * Endurance\n * Cardio\n * Pro Tips\n * Squat Boost\n\nImprove with these fix-it tips.\n\n|\n\nMetabolize!\n\nAdd these 7 strategies to lose weight fast. \n \n---|--- \n * Weight Loss\n\n * Burn Fat Fast\n * Diet Friendly Recipes\n * Success stories\n * Love Handle Erasers\n\n17 exercises that will help you shed belly fat—fast.\n\n|\n\nUFC Abs\n\n3 exercises that'll give you a six-pack. \n \n---|--- \n * Style\n\n * Fashion\n * Grooming\n * Dark Denim\n\n15 pairs that are effortless, masculine, and classic.\n\n|\n\nGet the Digital Issue\n\nDownload the November issue on your iPad or tablet now. \n \n---|--- \n * Guy Food\n\n * What to Eat\n * What to Drink\n * Recipes\n * Supplements\n * Cole Remedies\n\nFind out if common fix-alls like chicken soup and tea actually work.\n\n|\n\nBest Beers For Fall\n\nThese craft beers pair perfectly with pennant races and chilly temps. \n \n---|--- \n * Sex & Women\n\n * Photos\n * Dating\n * Sex\n * Sophia Laryea\n\nSee the model's sexy bikini photo shoot.\n\n|\n\nHow to Flirt\n\nTips on showing a woman you're interested without freaking her out. \n \n---|--- \n * Life\n\n * Entertainment\n * Outdoor\n * Travel\n * Gear & Tech\n * Cars\n * Drunk Devices\n\nThe new tech that can alert you when you've had too much to drink.\n\n|\n\nRetire Early\n\nEverything you need to know now to set up an early retirement. \n \n---|--- \n\n * 21-Day Shred\n * Dana White\n * Giveaways\n * Newsletters\n * All Access\n * Game Changers 2016\n\nmenu\n\nSubscribe\n\n# 10 Best Ways to Get Better Sleep\n\n### You are here\n\nHome / Weight Loss / Success stories\n\n# 10 Best Ways to Get Better Sleep\n\nFinally get the Zzz's you need.\n\nby Brian T. Horowitz 1 / 11\n\nWith beeping smartphones, crying babies and the distractions of work and\nrelationship issues, getting a “good night’s sleep�? is a tall order these\ndays. Although deep sleep—also known as slow-wave sleep and essential for\nphysical restoration—and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep—a lighter type of\nsleep that restores the mind—are both important, a helpful strategy would be\nto focus on “solid, unbroken sleep,�? says J. Todd Arnedt, Ph.D., associate\nprofessor and director of the Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program at the\nUniversity of Michigan.\n\nYour goal should be three or more nights per week of unbroken sleep, he says.\nAnything less, consult your doctor. “There are safe and effective medication\nand non-medication treatments available to help,�? Arnedt says.\n\nHere are 10 ways to keep your shuteye healthy.\n\nBinge-Sleeping on the Weekend Can Stave Off Diabetes >>>\n\n## 1\\. Ensure a sleep-friendly bedroom environment\n\nOrganize your sleep environment so it feels comfortable for you, but keep it\nquiet and dark with a “generally cooler�? temperature, says Arnedt.\n\nAs for a particular fabric for the bed, or pillow style, it’s an individual\nchoice rather than a scientific conclusion, he suggests. “In my experience,\npeople have to figure out what works for them personally,�? Arnedt says.\n\nThe Worst Foods to Eat Before You Sleep >>>\n\n## 2\\. Avoid caffeine after 2 p.m.\n\n“Caffeine doesn’t allow you to get into deep sleep,�? says Michael Breus, a\nclinical psychologist and author of The Sleep Doctor’s Diet Plan: Lose Weight\nThrough Better Sleep. “It keeps you in the lighter stages of sleep.�?\n\nTo avoid the “sleep-dampening�? effects of caffeine, which has a half-life of\n8 to 10 hours, shut down caffeine intake after 2 p.m.\n\nIf you have your last cup of joe at 2 p.m., figure you can go to bed by 10\np.m., says Breus.\n\n7 Ways You're Destroying Your Sleep Cycle >>>\n\n## 3\\. Exercise the mind and body\n\nExercise will take a couple of months to positively affect your sleep, but a\nregular routine will help, according to Breus. Vigorous exercise led to better\nsleep for twice as many respondents to the National Sleep Foundation’s 2013\n\"Sleep in America\" poll. However, don’t exercise more than two hours before\nbedtime, says Breus.\n\nMeanwhile, meditation may help treat insomnia, according to a 2009 study by\nthe American Academy of Sleep Medicine. “Practice effective stress-management\nstrategies,�? such as meditation or relaxation exercises, advises Arnedt.\n\n5 Benefits of Sleeping Naked >>>\n\n## 4\\. Take a hot shower\n\nA relaxing rinse under the hot water increases your core body temperature and\ncan improve your sleep—especially if it’s 90 minutes before bedtime, says\nBreus.\n\n“That drop in core body temperature is a signal to reduce melatonin,�? says\nBreus. Known as the \"Dracula of hormones,\" melatonin makes you sleepy and\nregulates sleep and wake cycles.\n\nThe Shocking Truth About Sleep Deprivation >>>\n\n## 5\\. Avoid emotional topics before bedtime\n\nStressful topics less than an hour or two before bedtime can affect deep\nsleep, according to Breus.\n\n“If you’re lying in bed with your partner or girlfriend, and just found out\nthat little Johnnie just failed out of school, well you’re going to get crappy\nsleep that night,�? says Breus. “Because quite frankly that’s all you’re going\nto be thinking about.�?\n\n10 Best Mobile Apps to Track Your Sleep >>>\n\n## 6\\. Try a sleep shield on your smartphone\n\nConsider using a sleep shield on your mobile device to control the amount of\nlight you’re exposed to before bed, advises Breus.\n\n“It filters out that wavelength of light that affects your circadian rhythm,�?\nhe says. Circadian rhythms are changes to a person’s environment that affect\nsleep-wake patterns. Products on the market include the Sleep Shield, which\nplaces a transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) coating over your mobile\ndevice to reduce the amount of blue light that interferes with melatonin\nproduction.\n\nThe Ultimate Soundtrack to Get the Best Sleep Ever >>>\n\n## 7\\. Don’t go to sleep after drinking alcohol\n\n“What most people don’t realize is that while alcohol makes you feel sleepy,\nit also keeps you out of the deeper stages of sleep,�? says Breus. The human\nbody needs an hour to metabolize one alcoholic beverage, he says.\n\n“If you have two drinks, then you shouldn’t go to bed for 2 hours; if you have\n3 drinks, then you shouldn’t go to bed for 3 hours,�? advises Breus. As for\nfalling asleep after a drink, that’s just called “passing out,�? Breus adds.\n\n5 Reasons You're Tired All the Time >>>\n\n## 8\\. Don’t smoke right before bed\n\n“If you’re a smoker, you should quit but if you’re not going to quit, you\nshouldn’t smoke for probably an hour and a half before bed,�? Breus says.\n“Smoking before bed can affect the ability to reach deeper stages of sleep.�?\n\nNicotine can prolong the amount of time it takes you to fall sleep (called a\nlonger sleep onset latency) and result in lighter stages of sleep, reveals the\n2006 study “Cigarette Smoking and Nocturnal Sleep Architecture�? from the\nAmerican Journal of Epidemiology.\n\nHow Can I Sleep Better? >>>\n\n## 9\\. Treat sleep apnea\n\nWhen you have sleep disorder like sleep apnea, it can cause breathing problems\nthat wake you during the night and prevent you from remaining in deep sleep.\n\nIf you suffer from snoring or choking during the night, get it treated, Breus\nadvises. Treatment methods include sleep machines to help you breathe at\nnight, or a mouth guard that moves your jaw forward, he says.\n\n“And then there’s surgery, which I don’t recommend,�? says Breus.\n\nIs Sleep Deprivation Making You Fat? >>>\n\n## 10\\. Try sleep-monitoring apps\n\nSeveral mobile apps help track your sleep to provide insight on what may wake\nyou up at night. The best apps have a hardware component like the Jawbone Up\nwristband, Nike FuelBand or Beddit’s ultrathin film sensor that goes under\nyour sheet.\n\nAn app that just tracks movement may not be completely accurate, Breus notes.\n\n“All it’s doing is monitoring movement,�? he says. “If you stop moving, it\nmight claim that you’re awake.�?\n\nCan Sleep Really Improve Memory? >>>\n\nNext\n\nReturn to Gallery\n\n### Topics:\n\n * sleep\n * mental health\n * health\n\n### Want more Men's Fitness?\n\n#### Sign Up for our newsletters now.\n\n### more galleries\n\n * Retire Early\n\nEverything you need to know now to set up an early retirement.\n\n * The Best Soccer Cleats of 2016–17\n\nBoot up.\n\n * The Best Dark Denim of 2016\n\nEffortless classics.\n\n * Going Vegan\n\nThe 8 most important things a carnivore learned after 2 weeks of veganism.\n\n### Men’s Fitness TV\n\n#### BTS: Dana White\n\nA peek at our new cover guy's shoot.\n\n### American Media, Inc.\n\n * OK! Magazine\n * Radar Online\n * Men's Fitness\n * Star Magazine\n * Muscle & Fitness\n * Muscle & Fitness Hers\n * Globe Magazine\n * Flex\n * National Enquirer\n\n### Men’s Fitness\n\n * Home\n * Advertising Info\n * Privacy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Contact\n * RSS Feed\n\nCopyright © 2016 Weider Publications, LLC, a subsidiary of American Media,\nInc. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-news/back-school-sleep-tips", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181125074641/https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-news/back-school-sleep-tips", "parsed_text": { "title": "Back-to-School Sleep Tips", "passages": [ "Whether kids break for summer, winter, spring, or even the weekend, they seem to want to stay up later. This can lead to difficulties transitioning back into their normal pattern of waking up for school. The National Sleep Foundation encourages parents and kids to put healthy sleep on the list of back-to-school necessities with these tips.", "Gradually adjust sleep and wake schedules 10 days to two weeks before the start of school. This will help setting their biological clocks to the new schedule.", "Keep a regular bedtime even on weekends. This makes sure kids and teens are getting enough sleep. It also keeps their circadian rhythms regulated.", "Your kids should have a relaxing bedtime routine that is age appropriate. This helps kids wind down. The routine should be the same every night so they associate all steps with sleep.", "Electronics should be kept out of the bedroom. This included video games, televisions, computers, and cell phones. Use of electronics before bed can lead to poor sleep. Eliminate exposure to electronic media within an hour before bed." ] }, "parsed_md": "Back-to-School Sleep Tips - National Sleep Foundation\n\nSkip to main content\n\nSkip to main content Skip to navigation\n\n# Back-to-School Sleep Tips\n\nHome >> Sleep News >> Back-to-School Sleep Tips\n\nAugust 24, 2009\n\nWhether kids break for summer, winter, spring, or even the weekend, they seem\nto want to stay up later. This can lead to difficulties transitioning back\ninto their normal pattern of waking up for school. The National Sleep\nFoundation encourages parents and kids to put healthy sleep on the list of\nback-to-school necessities with these tips.\n\n 1. Gradually adjust sleep and wake schedules 10 days to two weeks before the start of school. This will help setting their biological clocks to the new schedule.\n 2. Keep a regular bedtime even on weekends. This makes sure kids and teens are getting enough sleep. It also keeps their circadian rhythms regulated.\n 3. Your kids should have a relaxing bedtime routine that is age appropriate. This helps kids wind down. The routine should be the same every night so they associate all steps with sleep.\n 4. Create a sleep environment that is cool, quiet, dimly lit, and comfortable.\n 5. Electronics should be kept out of the bedroom. This included video games, televisions, computers, and cell phones. Use of electronics before bed can lead to poor sleep. Eliminate exposure to electronic media within an hour before bed.\n 6. Limit caffeine, especially after lunch.\n 7. Make sure your kids eat well and exercise regularly. Both these things promote sleep.\n\n## Related Content\n\nSleep Health and Safety - CME Faculty\n\nWhite Paper: How Much Sleep Do Adults Need?\n\nLearn about how sleep impacts your health\n\nPowered by National Sleep Foundation\n\nVisit Now\n\n * Media\n * Events & Activities\n * For Professionals\n * Journal\n * Membership\n * Careers\n * Sleep.org\n * About Us\n\n“National Sleep Foundation” is a registered trademark of the National Sleep\nFoundation.\n\n * sleep.org\n * Sleep Disorders\n * Sleep Topics\n * Journal\n * How America Sleeps\n * Find A Sleep Professional\n * Sleep Shop\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Youtube\n * Blog\n * Instagram\n * RSS\n\nSyndicate\n\n©2018 National Sleep Foundation. All rights reserved.\n\nPrivacy Policy | Terms & Conditions | Copyright Notice | Site Map\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/10-foods-boost-your-brainpower", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210826162319/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/10-foods-boost-your-brainpower", "parsed_text": { "title": "10 foods to boost your brainpower", "passages": [ "Eating well is good for your mental as well as your physical health. But which foods are particularly important to keep your grey matter happy and healthy?", "Whether you want to optimise your nutrition during exam season or stay sharp in your next work meeting, paying attention to your diet can really pay off. Although there’s no single ‘brain food’ to protect against age-related disorders such as Alzheimer’s or dementia, thinking carefully about what you eat gives you the best chance of getting the nutrients you need for cognitive health and mood.", "Eating a healthy, balanced diet that includes these 10 everyday brain-boosting foods may help to keep your memory, concentration and focus as sharp as can be.", "Like everything else in your body, the brain cannot work without energy. The ability to concentrate and focus comes from an adequate, steady supply of energy (in the form of glucose) in our blood, to the brain. Achieve this by choosing wholegrains which have a low-GI, which means they release their energy slowly into the bloodstream, keeping you mentally alert throughout the day. Eating too few healthy carbs, like wholegrains, may lead to brain fog and irritability. Opt for ‘brown’ wholegrain cereals, granary bread, rice and pasta.", "Essential fatty acids (EFAs) can’t be made by the body which means they must be obtained through food. The most effective omega-3 fats occur naturally in oily fish in the form of EPA and DHA. Good plant sources include flaxseed, soya beans, pumpkin seeds, walnuts and their oils. These fats are important for healthy brain function, the heart, joints and our general well-being. Although studies are at an early stage there is some suggestion that adequate amounts of omega-3 fats in your diet may help to relieve depression.", "What makes oily fish so good is that they contain these active fats in a ready-made form, which means the body can use it easily. The main sources of oily fish include salmon, trout, mackerel, herring, sardines, pilchards and kippers.", "Low DHA levels may be linked to an increased risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and memory loss, whilst having sufficient levels of both EPA and DHA is thought to help us manage stress and make the good mood brain chemical, serotonin.", "If you’re vegetarian or vegan, you may wish to add seeds like flaxseed, hemp and chia to your diet, or consider a plant-based omega-3 supplement from micro-algae. If you are considering taking a supplement speak to your GP first. It’s worth remembering that vegetarian or vegan mums-to-be, or those who are breastfeeding, should consider a supplement because of the important role omega-3 fats play in the development of the central nervous system of your baby.", "Evidence accumulated at Tufts University in the United States suggests that the consumption of blueberries may be effective in improving or delaying short-term memory loss. They’re widely available, but you can also achieve the same effect with other dark red and purple fruits, like blackberries, and veg, like red cabbage. These contain the same protective compounds called anthocyanins.", "There is good evidence to suggest that lycopene, a powerful antioxidant found in tomatoes, could help protect against the kind of free radical damage to cells that occurs in the development of dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s. Favour cooked tomatoes and enjoy with a little olive oil to optimise your body’s absorption and use. Other foods supplying this, and similar protective phyto-nutrients, include papaya, watermelon and pink grapefruit.", "Certain B vitamins – B6, B12 and folic acid – are known to reduce levels of a compound called homocysteine in the blood. Elevated levels of homocysteine are associated with increased risk of stroke, cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. A study of a group of elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment found that after two years of intervention with high doses of B6, B12 and folic acid there was significantly less brain shrinkage compared to a subset given placebo treatment.", "Other B vitamins including vitamins B1, B3 and choline play an important part in regulating normal brain function. Choline, which is rich in egg yolk, is essential for the memory-boosting brain chemical, acetylcholine.", "Opt for B-rich foods like eggs, chicken, fish, leafy greens and dairy. If you’re vegan, look to fortified foods, including plant milks and breakfast cereals, for vitamin B12 or consider a supplement. Other useful vegan sources of B vitamins, including B6, include nutritional yeast, avocado, soya, nuts and seeds.", "Vitamin C has long been thought to have the power to increase mental agility, and some research suggests that a deficiency may be a risk factor for age- related brain degeneration including dementia and Alzheimer’s. Furthermore, interesting studies demonstrate that vitamin C may be useful in managing anxiety and stress. One of the best sources of this vital vitamin are blackcurrants. Others include red peppers, citrus fruits such as oranges and broccoli.", "Richer in zinc than many other seeds, pumpkin seeds supply this valuable mineral which is vital for enhancing memory and thinking skills. They’re also full of stress-busting magnesium, B vitamins and tryptophan, the precursor to the good mood chemical serotonin. Other useful food sources include beef, oysters, chickpeas and nuts including cashews and almonds.", "Broccoli is great source of vitamin K, which is known to enhance cognitive function and improve brainpower. Researchers have reported that because broccoli is high in compounds called glucosinolates, it can slow the breakdown of the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, which we need for the central nervous system to perform properly and keep our brains and memories sharp. Low levels of acetylcholine are associated with Alzheimer’s. Other cruciferous veg rich in glucosinolates include cauliflower, kale, cabbage and Brussels sprouts, whilst you can obtain vitamin K from liver, hard cheeses and prunes.", "Sage has long had a reputation for improving memory and concentration. Although most studies focus on sage as an essential oil, it could be worth adding fresh sage to your diet too. Add at the end of cooking to protect the beneficial oils.", "Put sage to good use in our healthy recipes, including butternut soup with crispy sage, pearl barley & sage risotto and veal escalopes wrapped with proscuitto, sage & lemon.", "A study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology suggests that an adequate intake of vitamin E might help to prevent cognitive decline, particularly in the elderly. Nuts are a great source of vitamin E along with leafy green vegetables, asparagus, olives, seeds, eggs, brown rice and wholegrains.", "Don’t forget that as well as a healthy diet, exercise helps to keep our brains sharp. Research suggests that regular exercise improves cognitive function, slows down the mental aging process and helps us process information more effectively.", "Although research linking diet and dementia is still in its infancy, there are a few important relationships between nutrients and brain health that are worth exploring. Having a nourishing, well rounded diet gives our brain the best chance of avoiding disease. If your diet is unbalanced for whatever reason, you may want to consider a multivitamin and mineral complex and an omega-3 fatty acid supplement to help make up a few of the essentials. If you are considering taking a supplement it is best to discuss this with your GP or qualified healthcare professional.", "Foods that improve memory Eating for exams Top 5 foods to boost your child’s brainpower More health & nutrition tips", "Kerry Torrens BSc. (Hons) PgCert MBANT is a Registered Nutritionist with a post graduate diploma in Personalised Nutrition & Nutritional Therapy. She is a member of the British Association for Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine (BANT) and a member of the Guild of Food Writers. Over the last 15 years she has been a contributing author to a number of nutritional and cookery publications including BBC Good Food.", "Jo Lewin is a registered nutritionist (RNutr) with the Association for Nutrition with a specialism in public health. Follow her on Twitter @nutri_jo.", "All health content on bbcgoodfood.com is provided for general information only, and should not be treated as a substitute for the medical advice of your own doctor or any other health care professional. If you have any concerns about your general health, you should contact your local health care provider. See our website terms and conditions for more information." ] }, "parsed_md": "10 foods to boost your brainpower - BBC Good Food\n\nSign in\n\nRegister\n\n 1. Home\n\n 2. How to\n\n 3. Guide\n\n 4. 10 foods to boost your brainpower\n\nThis competition is now closed\n\n# 10 foods to boost your brainpower\n\nBy Jo Lewin – Registered nutritionist\n\nMagazine subscription – Try your first 5 issues for only £5\n\nEating well is good for your mental as well as your physical health. But which\nfoods are particularly important to keep your grey matter happy and healthy?\n\nWhether you want to optimise your nutrition during exam season or stay sharp\nin your next work meeting, paying attention to your diet can really pay off.\nAlthough there’s no single ‘brain food’ to protect against age-related\ndisorders such as Alzheimer’s or dementia, thinking carefully about what you\neat gives you the best chance of getting the nutrients you need for cognitive\nhealth and mood.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nEating a healthy, balanced diet that includes these 10 everyday brain-boosting\nfoods may help to keep your memory, concentration and focus as sharp as can\nbe.\n\n## 1\\. Wholegrains\n\nMay improve concentration and focus\n\nLike everything else in your body, the brain cannot work without energy. The\nability to concentrate and focus comes from an adequate, steady supply of\nenergy (in the form of glucose) in our blood, to the brain. Achieve this by\nchoosing wholegrains which have a low-GI, which means they release their\nenergy slowly into the bloodstream, keeping you mentally alert throughout the\nday. Eating too few healthy carbs, like wholegrains, may lead to brain fog and\nirritability. Opt for ‘brown’ wholegrain cereals, granary bread, rice and\npasta.\n\nFind our favourite healthy pasta and healthy rice recipes.\n\n## 2\\. Oily fish\n\nMay promote healthy brain function\n\nEssential fatty acids (EFAs) can’t be made by the body which means they must\nbe obtained through food. The most effective omega-3 fats occur naturally in\noily fish in the form of EPA and DHA. Good plant sources include flaxseed,\nsoya beans, pumpkin seeds, walnuts and their oils. These fats are important\nfor healthy brain function, the heart, joints and our general well-being.\nAlthough studies are at an early stage there is some suggestion that adequate\namounts of omega-3 fats in your diet may help to relieve depression.\n\nWhat makes oily fish so good is that they contain these active fats in a\nready-made form, which means the body can use it easily. The main sources of\noily fish include salmon, trout, mackerel, herring, sardines, pilchards and\nkippers.\n\nLow DHA levels may be linked to an increased risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s\ndisease and memory loss, whilst having sufficient levels of both EPA and DHA\nis thought to help us manage stress and make the good mood brain chemical,\nserotonin.\n\nIf you’re vegetarian or vegan, you may wish to add seeds like flaxseed, hemp\nand chia to your diet, or consider a plant-based omega-3 supplement from\nmicro-algae. If you are considering taking a supplement speak to your GP\nfirst. It’s worth remembering that vegetarian or vegan mums-to-be, or those\nwho are breastfeeding, should consider a supplement because of the important\nrole omega-3 fats play in the development of the central nervous system of\nyour baby.\n\nLearn more about the health benefits of salmon.\n\n## 3\\. Blueberries\n\nMay boost short-term memory\n\nEvidence accumulated at Tufts University in the United States suggests that\nthe consumption of blueberries may be effective in improving or delaying\nshort-term memory loss. They’re widely available, but you can also achieve the\nsame effect with other dark red and purple fruits, like blackberries, and veg,\nlike red cabbage. These contain the same protective compounds called\nanthocyanins.\n\nRead more about the health benefits of blueberries.\n\n## 4\\. Tomatoes\n\nMay prevent free radical damage\n\nThere is good evidence to suggest that lycopene, a powerful antioxidant found\nin tomatoes, could help protect against the kind of free radical damage to\ncells that occurs in the development of dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s.\nFavour cooked tomatoes and enjoy with a little olive oil to optimise your\nbody’s absorption and use. Other foods supplying this, and similar protective\nphyto-nutrients, include papaya, watermelon and pink grapefruit.\n\nDiscover more: Which foods should you eat raw or cooked?\n\n## 5\\. Eggs\n\nMay delay brain shrinkage\n\nCertain B vitamins – B6, B12 and folic acid – are known to reduce levels of a\ncompound called homocysteine in the blood. Elevated levels of homocysteine are\nassociated with increased risk of stroke, cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s\ndisease. A study of a group of elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment\nfound that after two years of intervention with high doses of B6, B12 and\nfolic acid there was significantly less brain shrinkage compared to a subset\ngiven placebo treatment.\n\nOther B vitamins including vitamins B1, B3 and choline play an important part\nin regulating normal brain function. Choline, which is rich in egg yolk, is\nessential for the memory-boosting brain chemical, acetylcholine.\n\nOpt for B-rich foods like eggs, chicken, fish, leafy greens and dairy. If\nyou’re vegan, look to fortified foods, including plant milks and breakfast\ncereals, for vitamin B12 or consider a supplement. Other useful vegan sources\nof B vitamins, including B6, include nutritional yeast, avocado, soya, nuts\nand seeds.\n\nLearn more about vitamin B12, and discover the health benefits of eggs.\n\n## 6\\. Blackcurrants\n\nMay reduce anxiety and stress\n\nVitamin C has long been thought to have the power to increase mental agility,\nand some research suggests that a deficiency may be a risk factor for age-\nrelated brain degeneration including dementia and Alzheimer’s. Furthermore,\ninteresting studies demonstrate that vitamin C may be useful in managing\nanxiety and stress. One of the best sources of this vital vitamin are\nblackcurrants. Others include red peppers, citrus fruits such as oranges and\nbroccoli.\n\nDiscover more about why we need vitamins.\n\n## 7\\. Pumpkin seeds\n\nMay enhance memory and boost mood\n\nRicher in zinc than many other seeds, pumpkin seeds supply this valuable\nmineral which is vital for enhancing memory and thinking skills. They’re also\nfull of stress-busting magnesium, B vitamins and tryptophan, the precursor to\nthe good mood chemical serotonin. Other useful food sources include beef,\noysters, chickpeas and nuts including cashews and almonds.\n\nRead more about the health benefits of pumpkin seeds.\n\n## 8\\. Broccoli\n\nMay improve brainpower\n\nBroccoli is great source of vitamin K, which is known to enhance cognitive\nfunction and improve brainpower. Researchers have reported that because\nbroccoli is high in compounds called glucosinolates, it can slow the breakdown\nof the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, which we need for the central nervous\nsystem to perform properly and keep our brains and memories sharp. Low levels\nof acetylcholine are associated with Alzheimer’s. Other cruciferous veg rich\nin glucosinolates include cauliflower, kale, cabbage and Brussels sprouts,\nwhilst you can obtain vitamin K from liver, hard cheeses and prunes.\n\nDiscover more about the health benefits of broccoli.\n\n## 9\\. Sage\n\nMay boost memory and concentration\n\nSage has long had a reputation for improving memory and concentration.\nAlthough most studies focus on sage as an essential oil, it could be worth\nadding fresh sage to your diet too. Add at the end of cooking to protect the\nbeneficial oils.\n\nPut sage to good use in our healthy recipes, including butternut soup with\ncrispy sage, pearl barley & sage risotto and veal escalopes wrapped with\nproscuitto, sage & lemon.\n\n## 10\\. Nuts\n\nMay help protect healthy brain function\n\nA study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology suggests that an\nadequate intake of vitamin E might help to prevent cognitive decline,\nparticularly in the elderly. Nuts are a great source of vitamin E along with\nleafy green vegetables, asparagus, olives, seeds, eggs, brown rice and\nwholegrains.\n\nLearn more about the health benefits of nuts.\n\n## The importance of exercise\n\nDon’t forget that as well as a healthy diet, exercise helps to keep our brains\nsharp. Research suggests that regular exercise improves cognitive function,\nslows down the mental aging process and helps us process information more\neffectively.\n\nGet inspired with our guides to how to workout at home and how to exercise for\nfree.\n\n## Brainpower supplements\n\nAlthough research linking diet and dementia is still in its infancy, there are\na few important relationships between nutrients and brain health that are\nworth exploring. Having a nourishing, well rounded diet gives our brain the\nbest chance of avoiding disease. If your diet is unbalanced for whatever\nreason, you may want to consider a multivitamin and mineral complex and an\nomega-3 fatty acid supplement to help make up a few of the essentials. If you\nare considering taking a supplement it is best to discuss this with your GP or\nqualified healthcare professional.\n\nDownload a printable PDF of the top 10 brain-boosting foods.\n\n## Enjoyed this? Now try...\n\nFoods that improve memory Eating for exams Top 5 foods to boost your child’s\nbrainpower More health & nutrition tips\n\nThis article was last reviewed on 21 January 2020 by Kerry Torrens.\n\nKerry Torrens BSc. (Hons) PgCert MBANT is a Registered Nutritionist with a\npost graduate diploma in Personalised Nutrition & Nutritional Therapy. She is\na member of the British Association for Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine\n(BANT) and a member of the Guild of Food Writers. Over the last 15 years she\nhas been a contributing author to a number of nutritional and cookery\npublications including BBC Good Food.\n\nJo Lewin is a registered nutritionist (RNutr) with the Association for\nNutrition with a specialism in public health. Follow her on Twitter @nutri_jo.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAll health content on bbcgoodfood.com is provided for general information\nonly, and should not be treated as a substitute for the medical advice of your\nown doctor or any other health care professional. If you have any concerns\nabout your general health, you should contact your local health care provider.\nSee our website terms and conditions for more information.\n\nClaim the offer\n\n£10 off when you spend £50 at Donald Russell\n\nGet Offer\n\n * Visit us on Facebook\n\n * Visit us on Twitter\n\n * Visit us on Instagram\n\n * Visit us on Youtube\n\n * Visit us on Rss\n\n * Privacy policy\n * Terms & conditions\n * Cookies policy\n * Complaints escalation\n * Advertise\n * Contact us\n * About us\n * Manage cookies\n\nImmediate Media Logo\n\nThis website is published by Immediate Media Company Limited under licence\nfrom BBC Studios Distribution.© Immediate Media Company Ltd. 2021\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://psychcentral.com:80/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-bedtime/0006577", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150508064802/http://psychcentral.com:80/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-bedtime/0006577", "parsed_text": { "title": "12 Ways to Shut Off Your Brain Before Bedtime", "passages": [ "Does getting to bed feel like a nightmare? For many of us, as soon as it’s time for bed, the brain begins buzzing. We might experience racing thoughts or a thought or two that keeps gnawing at us. Then those thoughts can turn into worry thoughts about not being able to function the next day because we slept poorly. It can become a vicious cycle.", "While there’s “no button to push” to deactivate our thoughts, of course, we can “create the right associations” to help us sleep well, says Lawrence Epstein, M.D., chief medical officer of Sleep HealthCenters and instructor in medicine at Harvard University.", "For many of us, sleep is the last thing on our minds when it comes to living healthfully. And sleep is the first thing to get sacrificed if we’re pressed for time.", "But not getting enough sleep can cause a variety of issues, including anxiety. It also prevents people from performing fully and at their best, Dr. Epstein says. Plus, sleep deprivation can increase your risk for health problems such as hypertension, stroke and diabetes, he says.", "Getting up and going to bed at the same time is key to good sleep. In fact, Dr. Epstein says that “the greatest promoter of being able to sleep is being in sync with your internal clock” or your circadian rhythms.", "Along with a consistent sleep/wake schedule, winding down before bed is one of the best ways to get your sleep back on track. As Silberman says, it’s “very hard to shut down your brain or quiet anxious or worrying thoughts when you’re on the go before bedtime.” You want to separate your day from the nighttime, she says.", "Also, “Our body craves routine and likes to know what’s coming,” says Dr. Epstein, also co-author of The Harvard Medical School Guide to a Good Night’s Sleep. By creating a pre-sleep ritual, you’re establishing a clear association between certain activities and sleep.", "For instance, if you read before heading to bed, your body knows that reading at night signals sleep time. If you take a warm bath before bed every night, your body recognizes that it’s time to slow down and relax.", "Silberman suggests listening to calming music, stretching or doing relaxation exercises. If you’re watching TV before bed, make sure it’s at least a relaxing program, and not something like the news, she adds.", "The goal of this pre-sleep routine is to relax your body and prime it for sleep, Dr. Epstein says. So if you’re going to bed at 10 or 11 p.m., “set aside 30 minutes or an hour for pre-sleep time,” he says.", "For about 10 to 15 minutes a day, “Write down what’s on your mind at an earlier time and what you’re doing about it,” says Silberman, who’s also author of The Insomnia Workbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Getting the Sleep You Need. To kick-start your worry session, she suggests simply asking yourself, “What are the things that come to my mind when I’m lying in bed at night?”", "If a worrying thought comes up right before bed, you “can mentally check it off,” and either say to yourself “I’ve dealt with that,” or “I’m dealing with it,” she says. This usually helps to create a “sense of relief.”", "Avoid writing up your list before bedtime, Silberman says, because you want to have enough separation from your thoughts at night.", "Create a clear association between your bed and sleep, Dr. Epstein advises. In fact, if you’re having trouble sleeping, he even advises against reading in your bed. He says it’s OK to read in your bedroom but avoid the bed.", "Similarly, both experts suggest not watching TV in bed, using your computer, doing paperwork or texting on your phone. These activities stimulate your brain, instead of relaxing you.", "Creating the right environment for sleep includes keeping your room dark, quiet and at a moderate temperature, Dr. Epstein says. Again, this helps people to relax.", "Being able to distract yourself from your worries can be enough to help you fall asleep, Silberman says. A mental exercise helps your brain focus away from your worries, she says. It can be as simple as “thinking of fruits and vegetables with a certain letter.”", "Another idea Silberman suggests is to focus on the details of a particular object, such as its color, shape, size and what it’s used for. Or you can recite lyrics from a favorite song.", "When you’re lying in bed worrying, it helps to turn to more positive thoughts, Silberman says. You can “focus on good memories and happy events.”", "Relaxation exercises are very helpful in reducing anxiety and racing thoughts, Silberman says. Exercises to try include progressive muscle relaxation (going through each muscle group and tensing and relaxing it) and deep breathing.", "Exercising regularly helps with sleep, Dr. Epstein says. It’s also a major anxiety-reducer. But make sure you exercise a few hours before bedtime, he notes, since physical activity can be stimulating.", "Ask yourself if your habits are interfering with your sleep or fueling your anxiety. According to Dr. Epstein, the biggest sleep saboteurs are caffeine and alcohol, both of which also boost anxiety.", "He says that people just don’t realize that caffeine’s effects can last four to seven hours. Also, remember that tea and chocolate contain caffeine, too.", "“Alcohol can help you fall asleep faster, but it fragments your sleep and makes it less restful,” he says. Also, certain medications can disturb sleep. If that’s the case for you, talk to your doctor about taking your medication at a different time or taking a different medicine altogether, he says.", "If you feel like you’ve tried everything to no avail, find a sleep specialist in your area who does cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), the number one recommended treatment, Silberman says. You may be surprised to learn that sleep disorders such as insomnia can be treated in as little as several sessions and don’t require medication, Silberman says.", "In general, remember that sleep is a priority in your life. It helps you perform at your best and be healthy, Dr. Epstein says. Consider what habits may be increasing your anxiety and try the techniques above to help you relax and get ready for bed.", "Margarita Tartakovsky, M.S. is an Associate Editor at Psych Central and blogs regularly about eating and self-image issues on her own blog, Weightless." ] }, "parsed_md": "12 Ways to Shut Off Your Brain Before Bedtime | Psych Central\n\n# 12 Ways to Shut Off Your Brain Before Bedtime\n\nBy Margarita Tartakovsky, M.S. ~ 4 min read\n\nDoes getting to bed feel like a nightmare? For many of us, as soon as it’s\ntime for bed, the brain begins buzzing. We might experience racing thoughts or\na thought or two that keeps gnawing at us. Then those thoughts can turn into\nworry thoughts about not being able to function the next day because we slept\npoorly. It can become a vicious cycle.\n\nWhile there’s “no button to push” to deactivate our thoughts, of course, we\ncan “create the right associations” to help us sleep well, says Lawrence\nEpstein, M.D., chief medical officer of Sleep HealthCenters and instructor in\nmedicine at Harvard University.\n\nBelow, Dr. Epstein and sleep specialist Stephanie Silberman, Ph.D, share their\ninsight on quieting your worries and sleeping well.\n\n1\\. Realize sleep is essential.\n\nFor many of us, sleep is the last thing on our minds when it comes to living\nhealthfully. And sleep is the first thing to get sacrificed if we’re pressed\nfor time.\n\nBut not getting enough sleep can cause a variety of issues, including anxiety.\nIt also prevents people from performing fully and at their best, Dr. Epstein\nsays. Plus, sleep deprivation can increase your risk for health problems such\nas hypertension, stroke and diabetes, he says.\n\nOnce you realize that sleep is vital to your life, he says, you can work on\nsleeping well.\n\n2\\. Have a regular sleep schedule.\n\nGetting up and going to bed at the same time is key to good sleep. In fact,\nDr. Epstein says that “the greatest promoter of being able to sleep is being\nin sync with your internal clock” or your circadian rhythms.\n\n3\\. Create a pre-sleep routine.\n\nAlong with a consistent sleep/wake schedule, winding down before bed is one of\nthe best ways to get your sleep back on track. As Silberman says, it’s “very\nhard to shut down your brain or quiet anxious or worrying thoughts when you’re\non the go before bedtime.” You want to separate your day from the nighttime,\nshe says.\n\nAlso, “Our body craves routine and likes to know what’s coming,” says Dr.\nEpstein, also co-author of The Harvard Medical School Guide to a Good Night’s\nSleep. By creating a pre-sleep ritual, you’re establishing a clear association\nbetween certain activities and sleep.\n\nFor instance, if you read before heading to bed, your body knows that reading\nat night signals sleep time. If you take a warm bath before bed every night,\nyour body recognizes that it’s time to slow down and relax.\n\nSilberman suggests listening to calming music, stretching or doing relaxation\nexercises. If you’re watching TV before bed, make sure it’s at least a\nrelaxing program, and not something like the news, she adds.\n\nThe goal of this pre-sleep routine is to relax your body and prime it for\nsleep, Dr. Epstein says. So if you’re going to bed at 10 or 11 p.m., “set\naside 30 minutes or an hour for pre-sleep time,” he says.\n\n4\\. Write down your worries — earlier in the day.\n\nFor about 10 to 15 minutes a day, “Write down what’s on your mind at an\nearlier time and what you’re doing about it,” says Silberman, who’s also\nauthor of The Insomnia Workbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Getting the Sleep\nYou Need. To kick-start your worry session, she suggests simply asking\nyourself, “What are the things that come to my mind when I’m lying in bed at\nnight?”\n\nIf a worrying thought comes up right before bed, you “can mentally check it\noff,” and either say to yourself “I’ve dealt with that,” or “I’m dealing with\nit,” she says. This usually helps to create a “sense of relief.”\n\nAvoid writing up your list before bedtime, Silberman says, because you want to\nhave enough separation from your thoughts at night.\n\n5\\. Use your bed for sleep and intimacy.\n\nCreate a clear association between your bed and sleep, Dr. Epstein advises. In\nfact, if you’re having trouble sleeping, he even advises against reading in\nyour bed. He says it’s OK to read in your bedroom but avoid the bed.\n\nSimilarly, both experts suggest not watching TV in bed, using your computer,\ndoing paperwork or texting on your phone. These activities stimulate your\nbrain, instead of relaxing you.\n\n6\\. Create an optimal environment.\n\nCreating the right environment for sleep includes keeping your room dark,\nquiet and at a moderate temperature, Dr. Epstein says. Again, this helps\npeople to relax.\n\n7\\. Busy your brain with mental exercises.\n\nBeing able to distract yourself from your worries can be enough to help you\nfall asleep, Silberman says. A mental exercise helps your brain focus away\nfrom your worries, she says. It can be as simple as “thinking of fruits and\nvegetables with a certain letter.”\n\nAnother idea Silberman suggests is to focus on the details of a particular\nobject, such as its color, shape, size and what it’s used for. Or you can\nrecite lyrics from a favorite song.\n\n8\\. Focus on the positive.\n\nWhen you’re lying in bed worrying, it helps to turn to more positive thoughts,\nSilberman says. You can “focus on good memories and happy events.”\n\n9\\. Practice relaxation exercises.\n\nRelaxation exercises are very helpful in reducing anxiety and racing thoughts,\nSilberman says. Exercises to try include progressive muscle relaxation (going\nthrough each muscle group and tensing and relaxing it) and deep breathing.\n\n10\\. Participate in physical activities.\n\nExercising regularly helps with sleep, Dr. Epstein says. It’s also a major\nanxiety-reducer. But make sure you exercise a few hours before bedtime, he\nnotes, since physical activity can be stimulating.\n\n11\\. Think about what’s stealing your sleep and boosting your anxiety.\n\nAsk yourself if your habits are interfering with your sleep or fueling your\nanxiety. According to Dr. Epstein, the biggest sleep saboteurs are caffeine\nand alcohol, both of which also boost anxiety.\n\nHe says that people just don’t realize that caffeine’s effects can last four\nto seven hours. Also, remember that tea and chocolate contain caffeine, too.\n\n“Alcohol can help you fall asleep faster, but it fragments your sleep and\nmakes it less restful,” he says. Also, certain medications can disturb sleep.\nIf that’s the case for you, talk to your doctor about taking your medication\nat a different time or taking a different medicine altogether, he says.\n\n12\\. See a sleep specialist.\n\nIf you feel like you’ve tried everything to no avail, find a sleep specialist\nin your area who does cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), the number one\nrecommended treatment, Silberman says. You may be surprised to learn that\nsleep disorders such as insomnia can be treated in as little as several\nsessions and don’t require medication, Silberman says.\n\nThere are very specific treatments for sleep, so it’s important to see someone\nwho’s a qualified sleep specialist.\n\nIn general, remember that sleep is a priority in your life. It helps you\nperform at your best and be healthy, Dr. Epstein says. Consider what habits\nmay be increasing your anxiety and try the techniques above to help you relax\nand get ready for bed.\n\nPhoto by Lisa Yarost, available under a Creative Commons attribution license.\n\n> Last reviewed: By John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on 30 Jan 2013 Published on\n> PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.\n\n## About Margarita Tartakovsky, M.S.\n\nMargarita Tartakovsky, M.S. is an Associate Editor at Psych Central and blogs\nregularly about eating and self-image issues on her own blog, Weightless.\n\nView all posts by Margarita Tartakovsky, M.S. →\n\n### Related Topics\n\n * Read more articles by this author\n\n * Do You Believe These 10 Sleep Myths?\n * 7 Ways Parents Can Help Their Teens Get Enough Sleep\n * Hints To Help Kids Get Enough Sleep\n * Stressed to the Max\n * 9 Tips for A Good Night’s Sleep\n * How Much Sleep Do You Really Need?\n * Putting the Fear of Sleeplessness to Rest\n * Building a Routine When You Have Bipolar Disorder\n * 7 Tips for Helping Your Child Manage Stress\n * 9 Common Questions About Dreams Answered\n\nAPA Reference Tartakovsky, M. (2013). 12 Ways to Shut Off Your Brain Before\nBedtime. Psych Central. Retrieved on May 8, 2015, from\nhttp://psychcentral.com/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-\nbedtime/0006577\n\n« 10 Traits of Highly Productive People\n\n12 Steps to Getting Everything Done in Your Day »\n\n## Sleep\n\n * Sleep Disorders Overview\n * What's Your Sleep Like? Sleep Quiz\n * Daytime Sleepiness Quiz\n * Symptoms\n * Circadian Rhythm Sleep\n * Hypersomnia\n * Insomnia\n * Narcolepsy\n * REM Sleep Behavior Disorder\n * Restless Legs Syndrome\n * Sleep Apnea\n * Sleep Terrors\n * Sleepwalking\n * Browse through our entire sleep library\n * Sleep Tips\n * A Guide to Sleeping Better\n * Tips for a Satisfying Sleep\n * Tips for Getting to Sleep -- And Staying Asleep\n * Tips for a Good Night's Sleep\n * The Importance of REM Sleep & Dreaming\n * Kids and Sleep\n * Our Sleep Support Group\n * Clinical Trials\n * Online Resources\n\n * Childhood Sleep Disorders Linked to Long-term Mental Problems\n * Emotions Drive Dieting Behavior\n * Mouse Study Suggests New Link between Diabetes & Alzheimer's\n\nWhat's Hot\n\n * The Narcissistic Cycle of Abuse\n * Are Sibling Battles Hurting Your Kids' Mental Health?\n * 5 Big Questions To Ask Before You Breakup With Someone\n\n##### Most Popular News\n\n * Childhood Sleep Disorders Linked to Long-term Mental Problems\n * Emotions Drive Dieting Behavior\n * How Cannabis Affects Bipolar Disorder\n * To Beat Procrastination, The Future Is Now\n * Brain Scans Show 'Fuzzy' Thinking in Depression, Bipolar\n\nHome About Us Ad Choices Advertise with Us Contact Us\n\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Use Site Map Disclaimer/Disclosure Feeds\n\nADHD Anxiety Bipolar Depression Schizophrenia Psychotherapy\n\nPsych Central Professional Psych Central Blog Network Psych Central News\nPsychological Tests & Quizzes Sanity Score Forums • NeuroTalk\n\nCopyright © 1995-2015 Psych Central Site last updated: 08 May 2015\n\nPsych Central does not provide medical, mental illness, or psychological\nadvice, diagnosis or treatment. Learn more.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/28/benefits-exercise-sleep-science_n_3823526.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170105054652/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/28/benefits-exercise-sleep-science_n_3823526.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Surprising Science Behind Sleep And Exercise", "passages": [ "Believe it or not, tossing and turning in the middle of the night is not a suitable form of exercise. But studies suggest making time for an actual workout during the day could be key to a better night's sleep. The trick is being patient: According to recent research, exercising consistently can lead to improvements in sleep over time, but not immediately.", "Up All Night -- Why It Matters The benefits of regular exercise seem endless -- it can reduce stress levels and anxiety, lower the risk for many diseases, and generally make us shiny, happy people. Studies suggest daily exercise can also improve sleep quality. And most of us know getting enough shut-eye each night (usually at least seven hours, though there's not exactly a magic number for everyone) is important for productivity, mood, and overall health. So getting sweaty during the day should make for an easier lights out. (Just be sure to shower before climbing into bed!)", "But, while there are many scientifically-proven ways to improve the time spent between the sheets (no, not that time between the sheets), researchers are still exploring the relationship between exercise and sleep. In one recent study, scientists looked at the effects of exercise on sedentary women and men in their 60s who had been diagnosed with insomnia. Those who participated in a 16-week exercise intervention slept longer and woke up less often than those who remained inactive. But researchers also noticed that participants' insomnia only improved after the 16 weeks of exercising were up, and didn't get better immediately. On the other hand, when the volunteers slept poorly, their workouts the next day were significantly shorter.", "Other research has yielded slightly more optimistic results. Some studies suggest that when insomnia patients add moderate exercise to their daily routines, they experience less anxiety and get more sleep at night. And another study reported teenage athletes logged better sleep patterns and were more alert during the day than their peers who exercised significantly less. On the other side of the age and activity-level spectrum, research found moderate exercise helped improve the sleeping habits of normally sedentary elderly folks. Sounds like it's time to stop watching \"The Price is Right\" and sign up for that senior citizen football league instead, Gramps!", "Get Moving! -- The Answer/Debate The relationship between exercise and sleep quality still depends on factors like exercise intensity and even the time of day of a workout One study found participants who exercised in the afternoon reported fewer disruptions in sleep than those who hit the gym in the morning. And some researchers think a moderate level of activity at least six hours before bedtime can improve sleep quality. Experts are still a bit undecided when it comes to exercising at night, but most agree it's best to avoid working out a few hours before hitting the hay. Sorry, guys, that means no more bedroom baseball!", "Of course, it can take some time to adjust to a new exercise routine and see any big changes in sleep patterns. But there's still enough evidence to say it's worth committing to a more active lifestyle. And, after all, catching some major Zzz's is a pretty dreamy reward.", "Your bedroom should be dark, quiet, and a comfortable temperature. And how’s that bed? You may need to invest in a new mattress if you’re waking up sore, sleeping better when you’re away from home or having trouble remembering which president was in office when you bought your bed.", "HuffPost Lifestyle is a daily newsletter that will make you happier and healthier — one email at a time. Learn more" ] }, "parsed_md": "The Surprising Science Behind Sleep And Exercise | The Huffington Post\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\nعربي (Arabi) Australia Brasil Canada Deutschland España France Ελλάδα (Greece)\nIndia\n\nItalia 日本 (Japan) 한국 (Korea) Maghreb México Québec (En Francais) South Africa\nUnited Kingdom United States\n\nHEALTHY LIVING\n\n# The Surprising Science Behind Sleep And Exercise\n\n08/28/2013 08:16 am ET\n\n310\n\nGetty\n\nBy Emily Faherty\n\nBelieve it or not, tossing and turning in the middle of the night is not a\nsuitable form of exercise. But studies suggest making time for an actual\nworkout during the day could be key to a better night's sleep. The trick is\nbeing patient: According to recent research, exercising consistently can lead\nto improvements in sleep over time, but not immediately.\n\nMore From Greatist 5 Healthy Summer Cocktail Recipes From Around The Web The\nUltimate Guide To Biking And Cycling [Infographic] 54 Healthy Smoothies For\nAny Occasion\n\nUp All Night -- Why It Matters The benefits of regular exercise seem endless\n-- it can reduce stress levels and anxiety, lower the risk for many diseases,\nand generally make us shiny, happy people. Studies suggest daily exercise can\nalso improve sleep quality. And most of us know getting enough shut-eye each\nnight (usually at least seven hours, though there's not exactly a magic number\nfor everyone) is important for productivity, mood, and overall health. So\ngetting sweaty during the day should make for an easier lights out. (Just be\nsure to shower before climbing into bed!)\n\nBut, while there are many scientifically-proven ways to improve the time spent\nbetween the sheets (no, not that time between the sheets), researchers are\nstill exploring the relationship between exercise and sleep. In one recent\nstudy, scientists looked at the effects of exercise on sedentary women and men\nin their 60s who had been diagnosed with insomnia. Those who participated in a\n16-week exercise intervention slept longer and woke up less often than those\nwho remained inactive. But researchers also noticed that participants'\ninsomnia only improved after the 16 weeks of exercising were up, and didn't\nget better immediately. On the other hand, when the volunteers slept poorly,\ntheir workouts the next day were significantly shorter.\n\nOther research has yielded slightly more optimistic results. Some studies\nsuggest that when insomnia patients add moderate exercise to their daily\nroutines, they experience less anxiety and get more sleep at night. And\nanother study reported teenage athletes logged better sleep patterns and were\nmore alert during the day than their peers who exercised significantly less.\nOn the other side of the age and activity-level spectrum, research found\nmoderate exercise helped improve the sleeping habits of normally sedentary\nelderly folks. Sounds like it's time to stop watching \"The Price is Right\" and\nsign up for that senior citizen football league instead, Gramps!\n\nGet Moving! -- The Answer/Debate The relationship between exercise and sleep\nquality still depends on factors like exercise intensity and even the time of\nday of a workout One study found participants who exercised in the afternoon\nreported fewer disruptions in sleep than those who hit the gym in the morning.\nAnd some researchers think a moderate level of activity at least six hours\nbefore bedtime can improve sleep quality. Experts are still a bit undecided\nwhen it comes to exercising at night, but most agree it's best to avoid\nworking out a few hours before hitting the hay. Sorry, guys, that means no\nmore bedroom baseball!\n\nOf course, it can take some time to adjust to a new exercise routine and see\nany big changes in sleep patterns. But there's still enough evidence to say\nit's worth committing to a more active lifestyle. And, after all, catching\nsome major Zzz's is a pretty dreamy reward.\n\n#### Also on HuffPost:\n\nTips To Sleep Better\n\n## Tips To Sleep Better\n\n1\n\nof\n\n9\n\nWhat's Your Sleeping Environment Like?\n\nYour bedroom should be dark, quiet, and a comfortable temperature. And how’s\nthat bed? You may need to invest in a new mattress if you’re waking up sore,\nsleeping better when you’re away from home or having trouble remembering which\npresident was in office when you bought your bed.\n\nShare this slide:\n\nFlickr:Wickerfurniture\n\n## More:\n\nExercise Sleep Sleep And Exercise Exercise And Sleep Health Benefits Of\nExercise Greatist\n\nSuggest a correction\n\nComments\n\nClose\n\nSUBSCRIBE TO & FOLLOW LIFESTYLE\n\nHuffPost Lifestyle is a daily newsletter that will make you happier and\nhealthier — one email at a time. Learn more\n\nNewsletter\n\n * 800 K\n * 334 K\n * 462 K\n * Podcast\n * Add us on Snapchat\n\nThe Surprising Science Behind Sleep And Exercise\n\nNEW! HIGHLIGHT AND SHARE\n\nHighlight text to share via Facebook and Twitter\n\n## CONVERSATIONS\n\n * Advertise\n * RSS\n * Careers\n * FAQ\n\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy\n * Comment Policy\n * About Us\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * Archive\n\nCopyright © 2017 TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. \"The Huffington Post\" is a\nregistered trademark of TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost Lifestyle\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://dailyburn.com/life/lifestyle/simple-snacks-better-sleep/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201019163013/http://dailyburn.com/life/lifestyle/simple-snacks-better-sleep/", "parsed_text": { "title": "10 Simple Snacks for Better Sleep", "passages": [ "If you’ve ever had trouble drifting off to dreamland, you know you’d do anything to fall asleep faster. What if we told you all you need is a snack? It’s true; certain foods contain vitamins, minerals and amino acids that help the body and brain get ready for sleep. Plus, hunger can disrupt slumber so a well-chosen snack can actually help you fall and stay asleep. Nighttime nibbles should be limited to around 200 hundred calories so your body isn’t up all night digesting. That’s why this list of sleep-inducing snacks is also low in calories. Go ahead, grab a snack and hit the sack!", "1. Hummus and Veggies The chickpeas in hummus are packed with vitamin B6, a necessary component in the production of melatonin, which helps control the sleep-wake cycle. Try digging in with raw vegetables such as cucumber, broccoli and carrots to keep calories down and provides complex carbohydrates that also aid in deep sleep.", "2. Sweet Potato Fries Giving in to your late night French fry cravings may be just the ticket to sending the sandman your way — if you rely on the healthier homemade sweet potato variety. The complex carb primes your brain to absorb tryptophan. Plus, they’re packed with potassium, a natural muscle-relaxant. If you prefer sweet to savory in the evening, top your fries with cinnamon and nutmeg to give your fries a “desserty” vibe. Roasting the sweet spuds in the oven will also bring out their natural sugars.", "3. Cereal and Milk Most of us start the day with a bowl of cereal, but it may be time to have breakfast after dinner. For a good night’s sleep, skip the sugary cereals that can keep you awake in favor of the whole-grain kind packed with sleep-inducing complex carbohydrates. Fill your bowl with tryptophan-full milk for sweet dreams even sooner.", "4. Parmesan Cheese Popcorn Snuggling up on the couch with a bowl of cheesy popcorn may be just what you need for a good night’s sleep. A small dose (about two tablespoons) of grated Parmesan doesn’t just give this snack flavor, it contains sleep-inducing tryptophan. And, with about 30 calories in one cup popped, this light snack is easy to digest while the popcorn’s whole grains help your body absorb the cheese’s tryptophan.", "5. Kale Chips If salty snacks call your name at night, we’ve got you covered. With 82 fewer calories per cup than traditional potato chips, the kale variety are easier for your body to digest, making it easier for you to get some shuteye. Plus, these and other leafy greens are packed with calcium, a key nutrient when it comes to sleep. Research has shown that calcium deficiency is a major culprit in insomnia.", "6. Oatmeal with Bananas and Almond Butter This comforting treat is a magnesium triple-threat. And that’s a good thing since this mineral helps the brain regulate sleep. Oatmeal also packs complex carbohydrates while bananas provide potassium, a natural muscle-relaxant. Almonds are yet another good source of sleep-inducing magnesium, but if you don’t have any on hand peanut butter is a solid substitute with about half the magnesium of almond butter. Just be sure to watch portions. Half a cup of oatmeal with one tablespoon of almond butter and half a banana is around 230 calories — more than enough for an evening snack!", "7. Yogurt with Berries If you just can’t catch a wink, try yogurt with berries. The calcium found in plain yogurt can help kick insomnia to the curb while the B6 found in both raspberries and strawberries kicks sleep-regulating melatonin production into high gear.", "8. Applesauce with Cinnamon and Raisins Think of this snack as apple pie for better shuteye. The quick boost in glucose levels from these naturally sweet foods reduces orexin, a neurotransmitter that triggers the brain to wake you up and get more food! Research has shown lower orexin levels can contribute to drowsiness and inactivity, the first step to a good night’s sleep.", "9. Cherry and Pistachio Rice Pudding Made the right way, creamy, comforting rice pudding is a ticket straight to dreamland — if you eat it early enough. One study found that consuming jasmine rice four hours before bed had participants sleeping twice as fast as those eating a low-glycemic meal at the same time. Mix in melatonin-producing tart cherries and pistachios, a great source of sleep-promoting vitamin B6 and you’ve got a killer combination. Don’t forget to make the pudding with tryptophan-packed skim milk.", "10. Turkey on Whole-Grain Bread For those in need of a larger meal, try a sandwich made with the food most famous for its sleep-inducing tryptophan: turkey. Top that with a calcium-packed piece of cheese and two slices of whole-grain bread for the complex carbs and you’ve got yourself a sleep sandwich.", "© 2020 Daily Burn, Inc. All rights reserved. A health, fitness and lifestyle site brought to you by Daily Burn, in partnership with Verywell." ] }, "parsed_md": "10 Simple Snacks for Better Sleep - Life by Daily Burn\n\nLife by DailyBurn\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * Pintrest\n * YouYube\n\n# 10 Simple Snacks for Better Sleep\n\nLifestyle by Karen Borsari on 8/22/2013\n\nIf you’ve ever had trouble drifting off to dreamland, you know you’d do\nanything to fall asleep faster. What if we told you all you need is a snack?\nIt’s true; certain foods contain vitamins, minerals and amino acids that help\nthe body and brain get ready for sleep. Plus, hunger can disrupt slumber so a\nwell-chosen snack can actually help you fall and stay asleep. Nighttime\nnibbles should be limited to around 200 hundred calories so your body isn’t up\nall night digesting. That’s why this list of sleep-inducing snacks is also low\nin calories. Go ahead, grab a snack and hit the sack!\n\n1\\. Hummus and Veggies The chickpeas in hummus are packed with vitamin B6, a\nnecessary component in the production of melatonin, which helps control the\nsleep-wake cycle. Try digging in with raw vegetables such as cucumber,\nbroccoli and carrots to keep calories down and provides complex carbohydrates\nthat also aid in deep sleep.\n\n2\\. Sweet Potato Fries Giving in to your late night French fry cravings may be\njust the ticket to sending the sandman your way — if you rely on the healthier\nhomemade sweet potato variety. The complex carb primes your brain to absorb\ntryptophan. Plus, they’re packed with potassium, a natural muscle-relaxant. If\nyou prefer sweet to savory in the evening, top your fries with cinnamon and\nnutmeg to give your fries a “desserty” vibe. Roasting the sweet spuds in the\noven will also bring out their natural sugars.\n\n3\\. Cereal and Milk Most of us start the day with a bowl of cereal, but it may\nbe time to have breakfast after dinner. For a good night’s sleep, skip the\nsugary cereals that can keep you awake in favor of the whole-grain kind packed\nwith sleep-inducing complex carbohydrates. Fill your bowl with tryptophan-full\nmilk for sweet dreams even sooner.\n\n4\\. Parmesan Cheese Popcorn Snuggling up on the couch with a bowl of cheesy\npopcorn may be just what you need for a good night’s sleep. A small dose\n(about two tablespoons) of grated Parmesan doesn’t just give this snack\nflavor, it contains sleep-inducing tryptophan. And, with about 30 calories in\none cup popped, this light snack is easy to digest while the popcorn’s whole\ngrains help your body absorb the cheese’s tryptophan.\n\n5\\. Kale Chips If salty snacks call your name at night, we’ve got you covered.\nWith 82 fewer calories per cup than traditional potato chips, the kale variety\nare easier for your body to digest, making it easier for you to get some\nshuteye. Plus, these and other leafy greens are packed with calcium, a key\nnutrient when it comes to sleep. Research has shown that calcium deficiency is\na major culprit in insomnia.\n\n6\\. Oatmeal with Bananas and Almond Butter This comforting treat is a\nmagnesium triple-threat. And that’s a good thing since this mineral helps the\nbrain regulate sleep. Oatmeal also packs complex carbohydrates while bananas\nprovide potassium, a natural muscle-relaxant. Almonds are yet another good\nsource of sleep-inducing magnesium, but if you don’t have any on hand peanut\nbutter is a solid substitute with about half the magnesium of almond butter.\nJust be sure to watch portions. Half a cup of oatmeal with one tablespoon of\nalmond butter and half a banana is around 230 calories — more than enough for\nan evening snack!\n\n7\\. Yogurt with Berries If you just can’t catch a wink, try yogurt with\nberries. The calcium found in plain yogurt can help kick insomnia to the curb\nwhile the B6 found in both raspberries and strawberries kicks sleep-regulating\nmelatonin production into high gear.\n\n8\\. Applesauce with Cinnamon and Raisins Think of this snack as apple pie for\nbetter shuteye. The quick boost in glucose levels from these naturally sweet\nfoods reduces orexin, a neurotransmitter that triggers the brain to wake you\nup and get more food! Research has shown lower orexin levels can contribute to\ndrowsiness and inactivity, the first step to a good night’s sleep.\n\n9\\. Cherry and Pistachio Rice Pudding Made the right way, creamy, comforting\nrice pudding is a ticket straight to dreamland — if you eat it early enough.\nOne study found that consuming jasmine rice four hours before bed had\nparticipants sleeping twice as fast as those eating a low-glycemic meal at the\nsame time. Mix in melatonin-producing tart cherries and pistachios, a great\nsource of sleep-promoting vitamin B6 and you’ve got a killer combination.\nDon’t forget to make the pudding with tryptophan-packed skim milk.\n\n10\\. Turkey on Whole-Grain Bread For those in need of a larger meal, try a\nsandwich made with the food most famous for its sleep-inducing tryptophan:\nturkey. Top that with a calcium-packed piece of cheese and two slices of\nwhole-grain bread for the complex carbs and you’ve got yourself a sleep\nsandwich.\n\nPhotos: Pond5\n\n0 Shares\n\n© 2020 Daily Burn, Inc. All rights reserved. A health, fitness and lifestyle\nsite brought to you by Daily Burn, in partnership with Verywell.\n\n * About\n * Press\n * Partnerships\n * Jobs\n * Workouts\n * Apps\n * Privacy\n * Terms\n\n" } ]
1,533,856
How To Care for a Sinus Headache
If you have a sinus headache, you can find some relief by taking a long, hot shower since the warm, moist air can help clear out your blocked nasal passages and alleviate pressure in your sinuses. Another way you can ease sinus pressure that’s causing you pain is to gently massage the bridge of your nose and under your eyes in a circular motion. While you try these methods, remember to drink plenty of water and herbal tea as the liquids will make it easier for your nasal passages to drain and will reduce headache-causing inflammation. If your sinus headache isn’t getting any better, consult your doctor so they can determine what’s causing your pain and get you the appropriate medical treatment.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20170810200955/http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/sinus_infection/page6_em.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160112205108/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis/basics/treatment/con-20026910", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180721165936/http://www.simple-remedies.com:80/home-remedies/common-cold/nasal-decongestant-home-remedy.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210621050018/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351235", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170930090126/http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/sinus_infection/page4_em.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210817092532/https://acaai.org/allergies/types/sinus-infection", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210429002139/https://www.everydayhealth.com/sinus-health-guide/natural-remedies-for-sinus-pain.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200503135454/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16618018", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160604205843/http://www.webmd.com:80/allergies/sinus-pain-pressure-11/sinus-congestion", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506012411/https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/839130", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417152912/https://www.modernreflexology.com/curing-nasal-congestion-with-acupressure-points/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20151201082022/http://www.sudafed.com:80/know/sinus-pain-headache-pressure", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411004407/https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/what-to-do-about-sinusitis" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/sinus_infection/page6_em.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170810200955/http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/sinus_infection/page6_em.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "How Is a Sinus Iinfection (Sinusitis) Diagnosed?", "passages": [ "The diagnosis of a sinus infection is made based on a medical history assessment and a physical examination. Adequately distinguishing sinusitis from a simple upper respiratory infection or a common cold is important.", "Sinusitis caused by bacteria usually requires antibiotics for treatment. Sinusitis can also be caused by viruses (meaning antibiotics will not help).", "Upper respiratory infections and colds are viral illnesses. Treating a viral infection with antibiotics is of no benefit and may cause antibiotic resistance to occur.", "CT scan: In most cases, diagnosing acute sinusitis requires no testing. When testing is indicated, a CT scan will clearly depict all of the paranasal sinuses, the nasal passages, and the surrounding structures. A CT scan may indicate a sinus infection if any of the these conditions is present:", "Mucosal thickening can occur in people without symptoms of sinusitis. CT scan findings must be correlated with a person's symptoms and physical examination findings to diagnose a sinus infection.", "However, mucosal thickening can occur in people without symptoms of sinusitis as well. Therefore, the CT scan findings must be correlated with a person's symptoms and physical examination findings in order to diagnose a sinus infection.", "Ultrasound: Another noninvasive diagnostic tool is ultrasound. The procedure is fast, reliable, and less expensive than a CT scan, although the results are not as detailed. Ultrasound has not been widely accepted by the medical community for diagnosing sinus infections. This is partly because a CT scan offers the physician a more detailed image of the anatomy of the sinuses, which helps plan possible surgery if deemed necessary.", "The ENT physician can directly visualize the nasal passages and the connection to the sinuses with a nasopharyngoscope, or sino-nasal endoscope. This is a fiberoptic, flexible or rigid tube that is inserted through the nose and enables the doctor to view the passageways and see if the sinuses are open and draining correctly. Anatomical causes of breathing difficulties may also be found, such as a deviated nasal septum, nasal polyps, and enlarged adenoids and tonsils.", "An ENT specialist may also drain the affected sinus to test for the presence of organisms. This is a more invasive test. During this procedure, a doctor inserts a needle into the sinus through skin (or gum) and bone in an attempt to withdraw fluid, which then can be sent to the lab for culture. Any present bacteria can be identified, often in less than two days. Antibiotics may be given for treatment. If necessary, discomfort is alleviated by local anesthesia. The draining procedure is seldom used, because the CT scan may suffice for the diagnosis of sinusitis, and standard antibiotics are usually effective even when the exact bacterial cause is not known.", "Coughs A cough is a symptom of an underlying disease or condition. A chronic or persistent cough may signal certain lung conditions that should be evaluated by a healt...learn more >>" ] }, "parsed_md": "Sinus Infection Causes, Symptoms, Treatment - How Is a Sinus Iinfection\n(Sinusitis) Diagnosed? - eMedicineHealth\n\n * Home\n * Topics A-Z\n * Slideshow Pictures\n * Image Gallery\n * Medications\n * Quizzes\n * Medical Dictionary\n\nAbout Us | Privacy | Site Map\n\nAugust 10, 2017\n\n * Like Us\n * Follow Us\n\nhome > allergies center > allergies a-z list > sinus infection article\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\n«Previous\n\n1\n\n...\n\n4\n\n5\n\n6\n\n7\n\n8\n\n...\n\nNext»\n\n(Page 6 of 13)\n\nGlossary\n\n## Sinus Infection (cont.)\n\n 1. Sinusitis Slideshow\n 2. Nasal Allergy Relief Products Slideshow Pictures\n 3. 10 Common Allergy Triggers Slideshow Pictures\n\n### IN THIS ARTICLE\n\n * Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) Facts\n * What Is Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * What do the Sinuses Look Like (Pictures)?\n * What Are the Symptoms of Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * What Causes Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * Which Specialties of Doctors Treat Sinus Infections (Sinusitis)?\n * When Should You Seek Medical Care For a Sinus infection (Sinusitis)?\n * How Is a Sinus Iinfection (Sinusitis) Diagnosed?\n * What Home Remedies Help Soothe Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) Symptoms?\n * What Is the Treatment For Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * What OTC Nasal Sprays and Oral Decongestants Reduce Inflammation?\n * What Are the Side Effects of Nasal and Oral Decongestants?\n * What Medications Promote Drainage?\n * What Medications Cure a Sinus Infection and Opens the Sinuses?\n * What About Sinus Surgery For Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * Should I Follow-up With My Doctor After a Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * Can a Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) Be Prevented?\n * What Is the Prognosis For a Person With an Acute or Chronic Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * Sinus Infection Topic Guide\n\n### How Is a Sinus Iinfection (Sinusitis) Diagnosed?\n\nThe diagnosis of a sinus infection is made based on a medical history\nassessment and a physical examination. Adequately distinguishing sinusitis\nfrom a simple upper respiratory infection or a common cold is important.\n\n * Sinusitis caused by bacteria usually requires antibiotics for treatment. Sinusitis can also be caused by viruses (meaning antibiotics will not help).\n * Upper respiratory infections and colds are viral illnesses. Treating a viral infection with antibiotics is of no benefit and may cause antibiotic resistance to occur.\n\nCT scan: In most cases, diagnosing acute sinusitis requires no testing. When\ntesting is indicated, a CT scan will clearly depict all of the paranasal\nsinuses, the nasal passages, and the surrounding structures. A CT scan may\nindicate a sinus infection if any of the these conditions is present:\n\n * Air-fluid levels in one or more sinuses\n * Total blockage in one or more sinuses\n * Thickening of the inner lining (mucosa) of the sinuses\n * Mucosal thickening can occur in people without symptoms of sinusitis. CT scan findings must be correlated with a person's symptoms and physical examination findings to diagnose a sinus infection.\n\nHowever, mucosal thickening can occur in people without symptoms of sinusitis\nas well. Therefore, the CT scan findings must be correlated with a person's\nsymptoms and physical examination findings in order to diagnose a sinus\ninfection.\n\nUltrasound: Another noninvasive diagnostic tool is ultrasound. The procedure\nis fast, reliable, and less expensive than a CT scan, although the results are\nnot as detailed. Ultrasound has not been widely accepted by the medical\ncommunity for diagnosing sinus infections. This is partly because a CT scan\noffers the physician a more detailed image of the anatomy of the sinuses,\nwhich helps plan possible surgery if deemed necessary.\n\nIf symptoms persist despite adequate therapy, a referral to an\notolaryngologist (ENT) may be necessary.\n\n * The ENT physician can directly visualize the nasal passages and the connection to the sinuses with a nasopharyngoscope, or sino-nasal endoscope. This is a fiberoptic, flexible or rigid tube that is inserted through the nose and enables the doctor to view the passageways and see if the sinuses are open and draining correctly. Anatomical causes of breathing difficulties may also be found, such as a deviated nasal septum, nasal polyps, and enlarged adenoids and tonsils.\n * An ENT specialist may also drain the affected sinus to test for the presence of organisms. This is a more invasive test. During this procedure, a doctor inserts a needle into the sinus through skin (or gum) and bone in an attempt to withdraw fluid, which then can be sent to the lab for culture. Any present bacteria can be identified, often in less than two days. Antibiotics may be given for treatment. If necessary, discomfort is alleviated by local anesthesia. The draining procedure is seldom used, because the CT scan may suffice for the diagnosis of sinusitis, and standard antibiotics are usually effective even when the exact bacterial cause is not known.\n\nMedically Reviewed by a Doctor on 5/31/2016\n\nMedical Author:\n\nJohn P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP\n\nMedical Editor:\n\nSteven Doerr, MD\n\nNext Page:\n\nWhat Home Remedies Help Soothe Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) Symptoms?»\n\n«Previous\n\n1\n\n...\n\n4\n\n5\n\n6\n\n7\n\n8\n\n...\n\nNext»\n\n(Page 6 of 13)\n\nGlossary\n\nSinus Infection Topic Guide\n\n##### YOU MAY ALSO LIKE\n\nVIEW\n\nSinus Infection Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment\n\n## Must Read Articles Related to Sinus Infection\n\nBronchitis Bronchitis is acute or chronic inflammat...learn more >>\n\nColds The cold is the most commonly occurring illness in ...learn more >>\n\nCoughs A cough is a symptom of an underlying disease or condition. A chronic\nor persistent cough may signal certain lung conditions that should be\nevaluated by a healt...learn more >>\n\nSee the Entire Sinus Infection Topic Guide »\n\n## Patient Comments & Reviews\n\n### The eMedicineHealth doctors ask about Sinus Infection:\n\n## Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) - Surgery\n\nPlease share your experience with sinus surgery.\n\nShare Your Story\n\n## Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) - Experience\n\nPlease share your experience with sinus infections or sinusitis.\n\nShare Your Story\n\n## Sinus Infection - Signs and Symptoms\n\nWhat signs and symptoms did you experience with your sinus infection?\n\nView 40 Comments\n\nShare Your Story\n\n## Sinus Infection - Effective Treatments\n\nWhat kinds of treatments have been effective for your sinus infection?\n\nView 31 Comments\n\nShare Your Story \n \n--- \n \nFacebook Twitter Email Print Article\n\n### From\n\n##### Allergies Resources\n\n * Track Cold and Flu Symptoms Near You\n * How Colds and Allergies Can Lead to Tinnitus\n * Allergies and Chronic Inflammation\n\n##### Featured Centers\n\n * 13 Best Quit-Smoking Tips Ever\n * What Stress Does to Your Mouth\n * Healthy Home: To Buy or Not to Buy Organic?\n\n##### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Frequent Constipation?\n * Greater Food Accessibility\n\n# Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape\n\n## Sinusitis, Acute »\n\nSinusitis is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the paranasal\nsinuses.\n\nRead More on Medscape Reference »\n\n## Topics Related to Sinus Infection\n\n * Bronchitis (Chronic)\n * Cocaine Abuse\n * Colds\n * Cough\n * Eye Pain\n * Fever (in Adults)\n * Foreign Body in the Nose\n * Meningitis in Children\n * Nosebleed (Epistaxis)\n * Perforated Eardrum (Ruputured Eardrum)\n\n## Allergy Topics\n\n * Allergic Reaction\n * Allergies Quiz\n * Hives\n * Food Allergy\n * Hay Fever Medications\n\n## Vitamins Related To Sinus Infection\n\n * Gentian\n\n# Medical Dictionary\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Knee Pain Management\n * Bent Fingers?\n * Cancer Treatments\n * Online Hearing Test\n\n * Seeking Cancer Care?\n * Painful Knees?\n * Cancer Support\n * Treat Pet Anxiety\n\n * Exercise & OA Knee Pain\n * Care for Valve Disease?\n * Pet Food Facts\n * Hearing Loss Help\n\n * Ringing in the Ears\n * Find Infant Formula\n * Aortic Valve Stenosis\n\n \n \n--- \n \nFirst Aid & Emergencies | Topics A-Z | Picture Slideshows | Medications |\nImage Gallery | eTools | Medical Dictionary Definitions About Us | Privacy |\nTerms of Use | Advertising Policy | Site Map | Contact Us WebMD | Medscape\nReference | Medscape | MedicineNet | RxList | OnHealth | BootsWebMD | Medscape\nFrance | Medscape Germany \n \nAd Choices\n\n©2017 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis/basics/treatment/con-20026910", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160112205108/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis/basics/treatment/con-20026910", "parsed_text": { "title": "Nonallergic rhinitis Treatments and drugs", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Nonallergic rhinitis Treatments and drugs - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.simple-remedies.com:80/home-remedies/common-cold/nasal-decongestant-home-remedy.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180721165936/http://www.simple-remedies.com:80/home-remedies/common-cold/nasal-decongestant-home-remedy.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Home Remedies for Nasal Congestion Relief: Natural Nasal Decongestant", "passages": [ "Nasal congestion occurs when the inner lining of the nose (i.e. the mucous membrane) gets inflamed and swollen, either due to an infection or an allergy. The mucus membrane of the nose is supplied with a network of blood vessels, and nasal congestion occurs when these blood vessels get inflamed as a result of the body’s natural immune response to allergens like dust, pollen, etc or virus and bacterial infections.", "Together with nasal congestion there is excess of mucus buildup in the nose which makes the matter worse. Other terms used for nasal congestion are stuffy nose, blocked nose, nasal blockage etc.", "Though nasal blockage due to common cold is not a serious condition, you surely feel miserable and irritated due to running nose, difficulty in breathing, you will not be able to concentrate on your work due to occasional headache and eye pain. There is several nasal decongestant home remedy which can be used to get immediate relief.", "Tomato soup, garlic, pepper, lemon juice and salt: It is the best nasal congestion home remedy. Boil tomato soup, two cloves of garlic and 1 tsp of lemon juice and add pinch of salt.", "When the content is properly boiled, add pinch of pepper. Drink the soup when it is warm. Tomato and lemon juice contain vitamin C, garlic and pepper are irritant and help to liquefy the mucus and get it cleared.", "Put a drop of saline water in both the nostril it is the natural nasal decongestant. Alternatively steam inhalation, with saline water and a drop of peppermint essential oil is more beneficial. Onion is another natural nasal decongestant. Smell a piece of onion, it will stimulate the nose and allow the mucus to become thin and flow easily.", "Chicken soup is used since ancient times as a natural nasal decongestant. Chicken soup contains natural anti inflammatory property, besides the steam of hot soup unclogs the nasal passage. It makes the mucus thinner and allows it to run, making breathing easier.", "Exercise is a natural nasal decongestant. It helps better circulation of blood. And thus shrinks the inflamed nasal membrane which causes congestion.", "Nasal decongestant can be prescribed by your physician, they also work the same way as the natural nasal decongestant. The only benefit with natural nasal decongestant is they do not come with any side effects.", "One of them is vitamin C; drink a glass of fresh orange juice, this citrus fruit contains a substance called bioflavanoid. It stops the inflammation of the nasal mucus membrane thus relieving from nasal congestion. Further, Vitamin C also enhances the body’s overall immune function, making you less prone to recurrent nasal congestion.", "A tea from tropical herb nettles acts as an anti histamine and prevents nasal congestion. The Tannin present in tea, black tea has a natural anti inflammatory properties. It reduces inflammation of the nasal mucus membrane and relieves congestion of nose." ] }, "parsed_md": "Home Remedies for Nasal Congestion Relief: Natural Nasal Decongestant\n\n### Simple-Remedies.com\n\nHome Remedies for Common Illness\n\n# Home Remedies for Nasal Congestion Relief: Natural Nasal Decongestant\n\nupu Common Cold April 13, 2011March 15, 2012Home Remedies For Nasal\nCongestion, How To Relieve Nasal Congestion Naturally, Nasal Decongestant Home\nRemedy\n\nNasal congestion occurs when the inner lining of the nose (i.e. the mucous\nmembrane) gets inflamed and swollen, either due to an infection or an allergy.\nThe mucus membrane of the nose is supplied with a network of blood vessels,\nand nasal congestion occurs when these blood vessels get inflamed as a result\nof the body’s natural immune response to allergens like dust, pollen, etc or\nvirus and bacterial infections.\n\nTogether with nasal congestion there is excess of mucus buildup in the nose\nwhich makes the matter worse. Other terms used for nasal congestion are stuffy\nnose, blocked nose, nasal blockage etc.\n\nThough nasal blockage due to common cold is not a serious condition, you\nsurely feel miserable and irritated due to running nose, difficulty in\nbreathing, you will not be able to concentrate on your work due to occasional\nheadache and eye pain. There is several nasal decongestant home remedy which\ncan be used to get immediate relief.\n\n## Nasal Decongestant Home Remedy\n\nHere are some simple home remedies that can be beneficial in management of\nnasal congestion,\n\n * Tomato soup, garlic, pepper, lemon juice and salt: It is the best nasal congestion home remedy. Boil tomato soup, two cloves of garlic and 1 tsp of lemon juice and add pinch of salt.\n\nWhen the content is properly boiled, add pinch of pepper. Drink the soup when\nit is warm. Tomato and lemon juice contain vitamin C, garlic and pepper are\nirritant and help to liquefy the mucus and get it cleared.\n\n * Put a drop of saline water in both the nostril it is the natural nasal decongestant. Alternatively steam inhalation, with saline water and a drop of peppermint essential oil is more beneficial. Onion is another natural nasal decongestant. Smell a piece of onion, it will stimulate the nose and allow the mucus to become thin and flow easily.\n * Chicken soup is used since ancient times as a natural nasal decongestant. Chicken soup contains natural anti inflammatory property, besides the steam of hot soup unclogs the nasal passage. It makes the mucus thinner and allows it to run, making breathing easier.\n * Exercise is a natural nasal decongestant. It helps better circulation of blood. And thus shrinks the inflamed nasal membrane which causes congestion.\n\n## How To Relieve Nasal Congestion Naturally?\n\nNasal decongestant can be prescribed by your physician, they also work the\nsame way as the natural nasal decongestant. The only benefit with natural\nnasal decongestant is they do not come with any side effects.\n\nOne of them is vitamin C; drink a glass of fresh orange juice, this citrus\nfruit contains a substance called bioflavanoid. It stops the inflammation of\nthe nasal mucus membrane thus relieving from nasal congestion. Further,\nVitamin C also enhances the body’s overall immune function, making you less\nprone to recurrent nasal congestion.\n\nA tea from tropical herb nettles acts as an anti histamine and prevents nasal\ncongestion. The Tannin present in tea, black tea has a natural anti\ninflammatory properties. It reduces inflammation of the nasal mucus membrane\nand relieves congestion of nose.\n\n### Related posts:\n\n * Home Remedies For Nasal Congestion | Natural Cures For Blocked Nose\n * Blocked Nasal Passage Symptoms: Home Remedies For Nasal Congestion\n * Causes of Chronic Nasal Congestion and Its Home Remedies for Treatment\n * How To Help Baby With Congestion: Remedies For Congestion Relief\n * Natural Remedies for Dry Nose and Nostrils: Dry Nasal Passage Causes\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Facts and Myths: Is Garcinia Gambojia Really a Miracle Fat Burning Home Remedy?\n * 9 Effective Tips to Get Deep Sleep at Night\n * Causes of Itchy Feet in Toddlers: 4 Home Remedies to Relieve the Itching\n * Uneven Eyelids Causes: Natural Ways to Fix This\n * 5 Physical and Psychological Benefits of Cross Trainer Exercise\n\n### Related Posts\n\n 1. Home Remedies For Nasal Congestion | Natural Cures For Blocked Nose\n 2. Blocked Nasal Passage Symptoms: Home Remedies For Nasal Congestion\n 3. Causes of Chronic Nasal Congestion and Its Home Remedies for Treatment\n 4. How To Help Baby With Congestion: Remedies For Congestion Relief\n 5. Natural Remedies for Dry Nose and Nostrils: Dry Nasal Passage Causes\n\nCopyright © 2018 Simple-Remedies.com. Powered by WordPress. Theme: Accelerate\nby ThemeGrill.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351235", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210621050018/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351235", "parsed_text": { "title": "Diagnosis and treatment", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Nonallergic rhinitis - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/sinus_infection/page4_em.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170930090126/http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/sinus_infection/page4_em.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Sinus Infection Causes, Symptoms, Treatment", "passages": [ "Acute sinusitis usually follows a viral infection in the upper respiratory tract, but allergy-causing substances (allergens) or pollutants may also trigger acute sinusitis. A Viral infection damages the cells of the sinus lining, leading to inflammation. The lining thickens, obstructing the nasal passage. This passage connects to the sinuses. The obstruction disrupts the process that removes bacteria normally present in the nasal passages, and the bacteria begin to multiply and invade the lining of the sinus. This causes the symptoms of sinus infection. Allergens and pollutants produce a similar effect.", "Bacteria that normally cause acute sinusitis are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. These microorganisms, along with Staphylococcus aureus and some anaerobes (bacteria that live without oxygen), are involved in chronic sinusitis.", "In addition to viruses, bacteria, allergens, and pollutants, fungi are also an increasing cause of chronic sinusitis, especially in people with diseases that weaken the immune system, such as AIDS, leukemia and other cancers, and diabetes. Medications that are designed to modify the immunse system may also increase the risk of developing a sinus infection.", "Coughs A cough is a symptom of an underlying disease or condition. A chronic or persistent cough may signal certain lung conditions that should be evaluated by a healt...learn more >>" ] }, "parsed_md": "Sinus Infection Causes, Symptoms, Treatment - What Causes Sinus Infection\n(Sinusitis)? - eMedicineHealth\n\n * Home\n * Topics A-Z\n * Slideshow Pictures\n * Image Gallery\n * Medications\n * Quizzes\n * Medical Dictionary\n\nAbout Us | Privacy | Site Map\n\nSeptember 30, 2017\n\n * Like Us\n * Follow Us\n\nhome > allergies center > allergies a-z list > sinus infection article\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\n«Previous\n\n1\n\n2\n\n3\n\n4\n\n5\n\n6\n\n...\n\nNext»\n\n(Page 4 of 13)\n\nGlossary\n\n## Sinus Infection (cont.)\n\n 1. Sinusitis Slideshow\n 2. Nasal Allergy Relief Products Slideshow Pictures\n 3. 10 Common Allergy Triggers Slideshow Pictures\n\n### IN THIS ARTICLE\n\n * Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) Facts\n * What Is Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * What Do the Sinuses Look Like (Pictures)?\n * What Are the Symptoms of Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * What Causes Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * Which Specialties of Doctors Treat Sinus Infections (Sinusitis)?\n * When Should You Seek Medical Care For a Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * How Is a Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) Diagnosed?\n * What Home Remedies Help Soothe Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) Symptoms?\n * What Is the Treatment For Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * What OTC Nasal Sprays and Oral Decongestants Reduce Inflammation?\n * What Are the Side Effects of Nasal and Oral Decongestants?\n * What Medications Promote Drainage?\n * What Medications Cure a Sinus Infection and Opens the Sinuses?\n * What About Sinus Surgery For Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * Should I Follow-up With My Doctor After a Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * Can a Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) Be Prevented?\n * What Is the Prognosis For a Person With an Acute or Chronic Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n * Sinus Infection Topic Guide\n\n### What Causes Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)?\n\n#### Causes of Acute Sinus Infection\n\nAcute sinusitis usually follows a viral infection in the upper respiratory\ntract, but allergy-causing substances (allergens) or pollutants may also\ntrigger acute sinusitis. A Viral infection damages the cells of the sinus\nlining, leading to inflammation. The lining thickens, obstructing the nasal\npassage. This passage connects to the sinuses. The obstruction disrupts the\nprocess that removes bacteria normally present in the nasal passages, and the\nbacteria begin to multiply and invade the lining of the sinus. This causes the\nsymptoms of sinus infection. Allergens and pollutants produce a similar\neffect.\n\nBacteria that normally cause acute sinusitis are Streptococcus pneumoniae,\nHaemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. These microorganisms, along\nwith Staphylococcus aureus and some anaerobes (bacteria that live without\noxygen), are involved in chronic sinusitis.\n\n#### Causes of Chronic Sinus Infection\n\nIn addition to viruses, bacteria, allergens, and pollutants, fungi are also an\nincreasing cause of chronic sinusitis, especially in people with diseases that\nweaken the immune system, such as AIDS, leukemia and other cancers, and\ndiabetes. Medications that are designed to modify the immunse system may also\nincrease the risk of developing a sinus infection.\n\nMedically Reviewed by a Doctor on 9/5/2017\n\nMedical Author:\n\nJohn P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP\n\nMedical Editor:\n\nSteven Doerr, MD\n\nNext Page:\n\nWhich Specialties of Doctors Treat Sinus Infections (Sinusitis)?»\n\n«Previous\n\n1\n\n2\n\n3\n\n4\n\n5\n\n6\n\n...\n\nNext»\n\n(Page 4 of 13)\n\nGlossary\n\nSinus Infection Topic Guide\n\n##### YOU MAY ALSO LIKE\n\nVIEW\n\nSinus Infection Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment\n\n## Must Read Articles Related to Sinus Infection\n\nBronchitis Bronchitis is acute or chronic inflammat...learn more >>\n\nColds The cold is the most commonly occurring illness in ...learn more >>\n\nCoughs A cough is a symptom of an underlying disease or condition. A chronic\nor persistent cough may signal certain lung conditions that should be\nevaluated by a healt...learn more >>\n\nSee the Entire Sinus Infection Topic Guide »\n\n## Patient Comments & Reviews\n\n### The eMedicineHealth doctors ask about Sinus Infection:\n\n## Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) - Surgery\n\nPlease share your experience with sinus surgery.\n\nShare Your Story\n\n## Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) - Experience\n\nPlease share your experience with sinus infections or sinusitis.\n\nShare Your Story\n\n## Sinus Infection - Signs and Symptoms\n\nWhat signs and symptoms did you experience with your sinus infection?\n\nView 40 Comments\n\nShare Your Story\n\n## Sinus Infection - Effective Treatments\n\nWhat kinds of treatments have been effective for your sinus infection?\n\nView 31 Comments\n\nShare Your Story \n \n--- \n \nFacebook Twitter Email Print Article\n\n### From\n\n##### Allergies Resources\n\n * Track Cold and Flu Symptoms Near You\n * How Colds and Allergies Can Lead to Tinnitus\n * Allergies and Chronic Inflammation\n\n##### Featured Centers\n\n * 13 Best Quit-Smoking Tips Ever\n * What Stress Does to Your Mouth\n * Healthy Home: To Buy or Not to Buy Organic?\n\n##### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Frequent Constipation?\n * Greater Food Accessibility\n\n# Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape\n\n## Sinusitis, Acute »\n\nSinusitis is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the paranasal\nsinuses.\n\nRead More on Medscape Reference »\n\n## Topics Related to Sinus Infection\n\n * Bronchitis (Chronic)\n * Cocaine Abuse\n * Cough\n * Eye Pain\n * Fever (in Adults)\n * Fever in Children\n * Foreign Body in the Nose\n * Meningitis in Children\n * Nosebleed (Epistaxis)\n * Perforated Eardrum (Ruputured Eardrum)\n\n## Allergy Topics\n\n * Allergic Reaction\n * Allergies Quiz\n * Hives\n * Food Allergy\n * Hay Fever Medications\n\n## Vitamins Related To Sinus Infection\n\n * Gentian\n\n# Medical Dictionary\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Treating Sleep Apnea\n * Therapy at Home?\n * Cancer Treatments\n * Top Pet Food Myths\n\n * Understand Immunotherapy\n * Painful Knees?\n * ER versus Urgent Care\n * Online Hearing Test\n\n * Exercise & OA Knee Pain\n * Care for Valve Disease?\n * Know Your Cancer Options\n * Hearing Loss Help\n\n * Sleep Apnea Symptoms\n * Managing Cancer\n * Knee Pain Management\n\n \n \n--- \n \nFirst Aid & Emergencies | Topics A-Z | Picture Slideshows | Medications |\nImage Gallery | eTools | Medical Dictionary Definitions About Us | Privacy |\nTerms of Use | Advertising Policy | Site Map | Contact Us WebMD | Medscape\nReference | Medscape | MedicineNet | RxList | OnHealth | BootsWebMD | WebMDRx\n| Medscape France | Medscape Germany \n \nAd Choices\n\n©2017 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://acaai.org/allergies/types/sinus-infection", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210817092532/https://acaai.org/allergies/types/sinus-infection", "parsed_text": { "title": "Causes, Symptoms & Treatment", "passages": [ "Sinus infection (known as sinusitis) is a major health problem. It afflicts 31 million people in the United States. Americans spend more than $1 billion each year on over-the-counter medications to treat it. Sinus infections are responsible for 16 million doctor visits and $150 million spent on prescription medications. People who have allergies, asthma, structural blockages in the nose or sinuses, or people with weak immune systems are at greater risk.", "A bad cold is often mistaken for a sinus infection. Many symptoms are the same, including headache or facial pain, runny nose and nasal congestion. Unlike a cold, a sinus infection symptoms may be caused by bacterial infections. It often requires treatment with antibiotics (drugs that kill the germs causing the infection).", "If you think you have a sinus infection, see your allergist for proper diagnosis. In most cases, sinus infection treatment is easy. By stopping a sinus infection early, you avoid later symptoms and complications.", "Sinusitis is an inflammation of the sinuses. It is often caused by bacterial (germ) infection. Sometimes, viruses and fungi (molds) cause it. People with weak immune systems are more likely to develop bacterial or fungal sinus infection. Some people with allergies can have \"allergic fungal sinus infection.\" Acute sinus infection lasts three to eight weeks. A sinus infection lasting longer than eight weeks is considered chronic.", "An infection of the sinus cavity close to the brain can be life threatening, if not treated. In rare cases, it can spread to the brain.", "Normal sinuses are lined with a thin layer of mucus that traps dust, germs and other particles in the air. Tiny hair-like projections in the sinuses sweep the mucus (and whatever is trapped in it) towards openings that lead to the back of the throat. From there, it slides down to the stomach. This continual process is a normal body function.", "A sinus infection stops the normal flow of mucus from the sinuses to the back of the throat. The tiny hair-like \"sweepers\" become blocked when infections or allergies cause tiny nasal tissues to swell. The swelling traps mucus in the sinuses.", "Sinus infection (sinusitis) is often confused with rhinitis, a medical term used to describe the symptoms that accompany nasal inflammation and irritation. Rhinitis only involves the nasal passages. It could be caused by a cold or allergies.", "Allergies can play an important role in chronic (long-lasting) or seasonal rhinitis episodes. Nasal and sinus passages become swollen, congested, and inflamed in an attempt to flush out offending inhaled particles that trigger allergies. Pollen are seasonal allergens. Molds, dust mites and pet dander can cause symptoms year-round.", "Asthma also has been linked to chronic sinus infections. Some people with a chronic nasal inflammation and irritation and/or asthma can develop a type of chronic sinusitis that is not caused by infection. Appropriate treatment of sinus infection often improves asthma symptoms.", "Before, I was always thinking about my breathing. Now I can go on my rides with confidence, knowing my condition is under control.", "If your sinus infection lasts longer than eight weeks, or if standard antibiotic treatment is not working, a sinus CT scan may help your allergist diagnose the problem. Your allergist may examine your nose or sinus openings. The exam uses a long, thin, flexible tube with a tiny camera and a light at one end that is inserted through the nose. It is not painful. Your allergist may give you a light anesthetic nasal spray to make you more comfortable.", "Mucus cultures: If your sinus infection is chronic or has not improved after several rounds of antibiotics, a mucus culture may help to determine what is causing the infection. Most mucus samples are taken from the nose. However, it is sometimes necessary to get mucus (or pus) directly from the sinuses.", "Knowing what kind of bacteria is causing the infection can lead to more effective antibiotic therapy. A fungus could also cause your sinus infection. Confirming the presence of fungus is important. Fungal sinus infection needs to be treated with antifungal agents, rather than antibiotics. In addition, some forms of fungal sinus infection – allergic fungal sinus infection, for example – do not respond to antifungal agents and often require the use of oral steroids.", "Your allergist may consider ordering a sinus CT. This test can help to define the extent of the infection. Your allergist may also send you to a specialist in allergy and immunology. The specialist will check for underlying factors such as allergies, asthma, structural defects, or a weakness of the immune system.", "Biopsies: A danger of more serious types of fungal sinus infection is that the fungus could penetrate into nearby bone. Only a bone biopsy can determine if this has happened. Biopsies involving sinus tissue are taken with flexible instruments inserted through the nose.", "Biopsies of the sinus tissue are also used to test for immotile cilia syndrome, a rare disorder that can cause people to suffer from recurrent infections, including chronic sinus infection, bronchitis and pneumonia.", "Antibiotics are standard treatments for bacterial sinus infections. Antibiotics are usually taken from 3 to 28 days, depending on the type of antibiotic. Because the sinuses are deep-seated in the bones, and blood supply is limited, longer treatments may be prescribed for people with longer lasting or severe cases.", "Overuse and abuse of antibiotics have been causing a major increase in antibiotic resistance. Therefore, patients with sinus symptoms should consider taking an antibiotic only if symptoms (including discolored nasal discharge) persist beyond 7-10 days.", "Antibiotics help eliminate a sinus infection by attacking the bacteria that cause it, but until the drugs take effect, they do not do much to alleviate symptoms. Some over-the-counter medications can help provide relief.", "Topical nasal decongestants can be helpful if used for no more than three to four days. These medications shrink swollen nasal passages, facilitating the flow of drainage from the sinuses. Overuse of topical nasal decongestants can result in a dependent condition in which the nasal passages swell shut, called rebound phenomenon.", "Antihistamines block inflammation caused by an allergic reaction so they can help to fight symptoms of allergies that can lead to swollen nasal and sinus passages.", "Over-the-counter combination drugs should be used with caution. Some of these drugs contain drying agents that can thicken mucus. Only use them when prescribed by your allergist.", "These prescription nasal sprays prevent and reverse inflammation and swelling in the nasal passages and sinus openings, addressing the biggest problem associated with sinus infection. Topical nasal corticosteroid sprays are also effective in shrinking and preventing the return of nasal polyps. These sprays at the normal dose are not absorbed into the blood stream and could be used over long periods of time without developing \"addiction.\"", "If drug therapies have failed, surgery may be recommended as a last resort. It is usually performed by an otolaryngologist. Anatomical defects are the most common target of surgery.", "Your surgeon can fix defects in the bone separating the nasal passages, remove nasal polyps, and open up closed passages. Sinus surgery is performed under either local or general anesthesia, and patients often can go home on the same day.", "Essentially yes, the definition of sinusitis is the same as sinus infection. “Itis” means inflammation or swelling often due to infection, and “sinus” is the location of the swelling on your face. Sinuses are normally air-filled pockets in the bone of the face. They are found in your forehead, at the bridge of your nose, way behind your eyes and at the apples of your cheeks. If these air pockets become blocked with fluid, germ like viruses or bacteria (and sometimes fungus) can multiply in these dark hard-to-reach spaces — and then you have an infection.", "There are two major forms of sinus infections (also called sinusitis): acute and chronic. An “acute” sinus infection lasts anywhere from ten days up to eight weeks. A “chronic” infection lasts even longer. It is ongoing — it may seem like it’s improving, and then it comes right back as bad as it was at first. Chronic sinus infections may drag on for months at a time. Both acute and chronic sinus infections can be viral or bacterial. Some long-standing infections are fungal.", "First you need to know the cause of the sinus infection. Is it viral or bacterial? If it’s viral, it should probably last less than two weeks. To get relief from sinus infection symptoms you can use nasal decongestant sprays, oral and topical antihistamines, nasal steroids and nasal saline washes. For a bacterial infection, antibiotics are usually prescribed. But be careful here. Don’t jump to antibiotics too quickly. Due to the overprescribing of antibiotics in recent years, and the development of antibiotic resistance, allergists recommend only taking an antibiotic if the symptoms last more than seven to 10 days. If drug therapies don’t work for you, surgery might be recommended to repair defects in the bone separating the nasal passages, remove nasal polyps or open closed passages.", "Sinus infections happen when you “catch a bug” and a virus, bacteria or mold settles in the sinuses and causes inflammation of the area lining your sinuses. The sinus cavity, which is like a dark cave, fills up with fluid and becomes blocked. This is the perfect place for germs to grow. People who have nasal allergies already have this sinus irritation. If you have a weak immune system, you are more likely to develop sinus infection from bacteria or mold. Other things that can cause sinus infections are colds, seasonal allergies, nasal polyps or a deviated septum. With a deviated septum one side of the nose is shifted over, and it makes it hard to drain mucous, so the sinuses get backed up.", "Many of the symptoms of a sinus infection are the same you’d experience with a bad cold. They include: postnasal drip (that thick mucus in the back of your throat), discolored nasal discharge (green mucous coming out of your nose), stuffy nose or nasal congestion and tenderness or pain in the face – usually under the eyes or around the nose. You can also have headaches, tooth pain, coughing from the post nasal drip, fever, fatigue, a bad smell in your nose or a bad taste in your mouth and bad breath. Symptoms such as a fever that won’t go away, a change in your eyesight, severe headaches and neck stiffness need immediate medical attention." ] }, "parsed_md": "Sinus Infection | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | ACAAI Public Website\n\nSkip to content\n\nHome > Types of Allergies\n\n# Sinus Infection\n\nSinus infection is a major health problem. It afflicts 31 million people in\nthe United States.\n\n * Allergies\n * Asthma\n * Resources\n * News\n * Health Care Professionals\n * Find an Allergist\n\n * Find an Allergist\n * Symptom Test\n * Ask the Allergist\n\n * Overview\n * Symptoms\n * Treatment\n * FAQs\n\n## You are here\n\nHome » Allergies » Types of Allergies:\n\n##\n\nOverview\n\nSinus infection (known as sinusitis) is a major health problem. It afflicts 31\nmillion people in the United States. Americans spend more than $1 billion each\nyear on over-the-counter medications to treat it. Sinus infections are\nresponsible for 16 million doctor visits and $150 million spent on\nprescription medications. People who have allergies, asthma, structural\nblockages in the nose or sinuses, or people with weak immune systems are at\ngreater risk.\n\nLife's too short to struggle with sinus infections. Find an allergist near you\nto help with your symptoms.\n\nGET RELIEF\n\nFind an allergist\n\n### Sinus infection symptoms\n\nA bad cold is often mistaken for a sinus infection. Many symptoms are the\nsame, including headache or facial pain, runny nose and nasal congestion.\nUnlike a cold, a sinus infection symptoms may be caused by bacterial\ninfections. It often requires treatment with antibiotics (drugs that kill the\ngerms causing the infection).\n\n### Sinus infection diagnosis\n\nIf you think you have a sinus infection, see your allergist for proper\ndiagnosis. In most cases, sinus infection treatment is easy. By stopping a\nsinus infection early, you avoid later symptoms and complications.\n\n### What is sinusitis?\n\nSinusitis is an inflammation of the sinuses. It is often caused by bacterial\n(germ) infection. Sometimes, viruses and fungi (molds) cause it. People with\nweak immune systems are more likely to develop bacterial or fungal sinus\ninfection. Some people with allergies can have \"allergic fungal sinus\ninfection.\" Acute sinus infection lasts three to eight weeks. A sinus\ninfection lasting longer than eight weeks is considered chronic.\n\nThe sinuses are air-filled cavities. They are located:\n\n * Within the bony structure of the cheeks\n * Behind the forehead and eyebrows\n * On either side of the bridge of the nose\n * Behind the nose directly in front of the brain\n\nAn infection of the sinus cavity close to the brain can be life threatening,\nif not treated. In rare cases, it can spread to the brain.\n\nNormal sinuses are lined with a thin layer of mucus that traps dust, germs and\nother particles in the air. Tiny hair-like projections in the sinuses sweep\nthe mucus (and whatever is trapped in it) towards openings that lead to the\nback of the throat. From there, it slides down to the stomach. This continual\nprocess is a normal body function.\n\nA sinus infection stops the normal flow of mucus from the sinuses to the back\nof the throat. The tiny hair-like \"sweepers\" become blocked when infections or\nallergies cause tiny nasal tissues to swell. The swelling traps mucus in the\nsinuses.\n\nSome people have bodily defects that contribute to sinus infection. The most\ncommon of these defects are:\n\n * Deformity of the bony partition between the two nasal passages\n * Nasal polyps (benign nasal growths that contain mucus)\n * A narrowing of the sinus openings\n\nPeople with these defects often suffer from chronic sinus infections.\n\nRelated resources:\n\n * Rhinitis\n * Allergy symptoms\n * Find an allergist\n\n##\n\nSymptoms\n\nCommon symptoms of sinus infection include:\n\n * Postnasal drip\n * Discolored nasal discharge (greenish in color)\n * Nasal stuffiness or congestion\n * Tenderness of the face (particularly under the eyes or at the bridge of the nose)\n * Frontal headaches\n * Pain in the teeth\n * Coughing\n * Fever\n * Fatigue\n * Bad breath\n\nSinus infection (sinusitis) is often confused with rhinitis, a medical term\nused to describe the symptoms that accompany nasal inflammation and\nirritation. Rhinitis only involves the nasal passages. It could be caused by a\ncold or allergies.\n\nAllergies can play an important role in chronic (long-lasting) or seasonal\nrhinitis episodes. Nasal and sinus passages become swollen, congested, and\ninflamed in an attempt to flush out offending inhaled particles that trigger\nallergies. Pollen are seasonal allergens. Molds, dust mites and pet dander can\ncause symptoms year-round.\n\nAsthma also has been linked to chronic sinus infections. Some people with a\nchronic nasal inflammation and irritation and/or asthma can develop a type of\nchronic sinusitis that is not caused by infection. Appropriate treatment of\nsinus infection often improves asthma symptoms.\n\nBefore, I was always thinking about my breathing. Now I can go on my rides\nwith confidence, knowing my condition is under control.\n\nDoug L.\n\n### How is sinus infection diagnosed?\n\nDiagnosis depends on symptoms and requires an examination of the throat, nose\nand sinuses. Your allergist will look for:\n\n * Redness\n * Swelling of the nasal tissues\n * Tenderness of the face\n * Discolored (greenish) nasal discharge\n * Bad Breath\n\nIf your sinus infection lasts longer than eight weeks, or if standard\nantibiotic treatment is not working, a sinus CT scan may help your allergist\ndiagnose the problem. Your allergist may examine your nose or sinus openings.\nThe exam uses a long, thin, flexible tube with a tiny camera and a light at\none end that is inserted through the nose. It is not painful. Your allergist\nmay give you a light anesthetic nasal spray to make you more comfortable.\n\nMucus cultures: If your sinus infection is chronic or has not improved after\nseveral rounds of antibiotics, a mucus culture may help to determine what is\ncausing the infection. Most mucus samples are taken from the nose. However, it\nis sometimes necessary to get mucus (or pus) directly from the sinuses.\n\nKnowing what kind of bacteria is causing the infection can lead to more\neffective antibiotic therapy. A fungus could also cause your sinus infection.\nConfirming the presence of fungus is important. Fungal sinus infection needs\nto be treated with antifungal agents, rather than antibiotics. In addition,\nsome forms of fungal sinus infection – allergic fungal sinus infection, for\nexample – do not respond to antifungal agents and often require the use of\noral steroids.\n\nYour allergist may consider ordering a sinus CT. This test can help to define\nthe extent of the infection. Your allergist may also send you to a specialist\nin allergy and immunology. The specialist will check for underlying factors\nsuch as allergies, asthma, structural defects, or a weakness of the immune\nsystem.\n\nBiopsies: A danger of more serious types of fungal sinus infection is that the\nfungus could penetrate into nearby bone. Only a bone biopsy can determine if\nthis has happened. Biopsies involving sinus tissue are taken with flexible\ninstruments inserted through the nose.\n\nBiopsies of the sinus tissue are also used to test for immotile cilia\nsyndrome, a rare disorder that can cause people to suffer from recurrent\ninfections, including chronic sinus infection, bronchitis and pneumonia.\n\n##\n\nTreatment\n\n### Antibiotics\n\nAntibiotics are standard treatments for bacterial sinus infections.\nAntibiotics are usually taken from 3 to 28 days, depending on the type of\nantibiotic. Because the sinuses are deep-seated in the bones, and blood supply\nis limited, longer treatments may be prescribed for people with longer lasting\nor severe cases.\n\nOveruse and abuse of antibiotics have been causing a major increase in\nantibiotic resistance. Therefore, patients with sinus symptoms should consider\ntaking an antibiotic only if symptoms (including discolored nasal discharge)\npersist beyond 7-10 days.\n\nAntibiotics help eliminate a sinus infection by attacking the bacteria that\ncause it, but until the drugs take effect, they do not do much to alleviate\nsymptoms. Some over-the-counter medications can help provide relief.\n\n### Nasal decongestant sprays\n\nTopical nasal decongestants can be helpful if used for no more than three to\nfour days. These medications shrink swollen nasal passages, facilitating the\nflow of drainage from the sinuses. Overuse of topical nasal decongestants can\nresult in a dependent condition in which the nasal passages swell shut, called\nrebound phenomenon.\n\n### Antihistamines\n\nAntihistamines block inflammation caused by an allergic reaction so they can\nhelp to fight symptoms of allergies that can lead to swollen nasal and sinus\npassages.\n\n### Nasal decongestants and antihistamines\n\nOver-the-counter combination drugs should be used with caution. Some of these\ndrugs contain drying agents that can thicken mucus. Only use them when\nprescribed by your allergist.\n\n### Topical nasal corticosteroids\n\nThese prescription nasal sprays prevent and reverse inflammation and swelling\nin the nasal passages and sinus openings, addressing the biggest problem\nassociated with sinus infection. Topical nasal corticosteroid sprays are also\neffective in shrinking and preventing the return of nasal polyps. These sprays\nat the normal dose are not absorbed into the blood stream and could be used\nover long periods of time without developing \"addiction.\"\n\n### Nasal saline washes\n\nNasal rinses can help clear thickened secretions from the nasal passages.\n\n### Surgery\n\nIf drug therapies have failed, surgery may be recommended as a last resort. It\nis usually performed by an otolaryngologist. Anatomical defects are the most\ncommon target of surgery.\n\nYour surgeon can fix defects in the bone separating the nasal passages, remove\nnasal polyps, and open up closed passages. Sinus surgery is performed under\neither local or general anesthesia, and patients often can go home on the same\nday.\n\n##\n\nFAQs\n\n### Is the definition of sinusitis the same as sinus infection?\n\nEssentially yes, the definition of sinusitis is the same as sinus infection.\n“Itis” means inflammation or swelling often due to infection, and “sinus” is\nthe location of the swelling on your face. Sinuses are normally air-filled\npockets in the bone of the face. They are found in your forehead, at the\nbridge of your nose, way behind your eyes and at the apples of your cheeks. If\nthese air pockets become blocked with fluid, germ like viruses or bacteria\n(and sometimes fungus) can multiply in these dark hard-to-reach spaces — and\nthen you have an infection.\n\n### How long do sinus infections last?\n\nThere are two major forms of sinus infections (also called sinusitis): acute\nand chronic. An “acute” sinus infection lasts anywhere from ten days up to\neight weeks. A “chronic” infection lasts even longer. It is ongoing — it may\nseem like it’s improving, and then it comes right back as bad as it was at\nfirst. Chronic sinus infections may drag on for months at a time. Both acute\nand chronic sinus infections can be viral or bacterial. Some long-standing\ninfections are fungal.\n\n### How do you get rid of a sinus infection?\n\nFirst you need to know the cause of the sinus infection. Is it viral or\nbacterial? If it’s viral, it should probably last less than two weeks. To get\nrelief from sinus infection symptoms you can use nasal decongestant sprays,\noral and topical antihistamines, nasal steroids and nasal saline washes. For a\nbacterial infection, antibiotics are usually prescribed. But be careful here.\nDon’t jump to antibiotics too quickly. Due to the overprescribing of\nantibiotics in recent years, and the development of antibiotic resistance,\nallergists recommend only taking an antibiotic if the symptoms last more than\nseven to 10 days. If drug therapies don’t work for you, surgery might be\nrecommended to repair defects in the bone separating the nasal passages,\nremove nasal polyps or open closed passages.\n\n### What causes sinus infections?\n\nSinus infections happen when you “catch a bug” and a virus, bacteria or mold\nsettles in the sinuses and causes inflammation of the area lining your\nsinuses. The sinus cavity, which is like a dark cave, fills up with fluid and\nbecomes blocked. This is the perfect place for germs to grow. People who have\nnasal allergies already have this sinus irritation. If you have a weak immune\nsystem, you are more likely to develop sinus infection from bacteria or mold.\nOther things that can cause sinus infections are colds, seasonal allergies,\nnasal polyps or a deviated septum. With a deviated septum one side of the nose\nis shifted over, and it makes it hard to drain mucous, so the sinuses get\nbacked up.\n\n### What are the symptoms of a sinus infection?\n\nMany of the symptoms of a sinus infection are the same you’d experience with a\nbad cold. They include: postnasal drip (that thick mucus in the back of your\nthroat), discolored nasal discharge (green mucous coming out of your nose),\nstuffy nose or nasal congestion and tenderness or pain in the face – usually\nunder the eyes or around the nose. You can also have headaches, tooth pain,\ncoughing from the post nasal drip, fever, fatigue, a bad smell in your nose or\na bad taste in your mouth and bad breath. Symptoms such as a fever that won’t\ngo away, a change in your eyesight, severe headaches and neck stiffness need\nimmediate medical attention.\n\n## Find an Allergist in Your City\n\n### ALABAMA\n\n * Birmingham, AL\n * Huntsville, AL\n * Mobile, AL\n * Montgomery, AL\n\n### ALASKA\n\n * Anchorage, AK\n\n### ARIZONA\n\n * Chandler, AZ\n * Gilbert, AZ\n * Glendale, AZ\n * Mesa, AZ\n * Peoria, AZ\n * Phoenix, AZ\n * Scottsdale, AZ\n * Surprise, AZ\n * Tempe, AZ\n * Tucson, AZ\n\n### CALIFORNIA\n\n * Anaheim, CA\n * Aurora, CA\n * Bakersfield, CA\n * Chula Vista, CA\n * Fresno, CA\n * Long Beach, CA\n * Los Angeles, CA\n * Oakland, CA\n * Riverside, CA\n * Sacramento, CA\n * San Diego, CA\n * San Francisco, CA\n * San Jose, CA\n * Santa Ana, CA\n * Stockton, CA\n\n### COLORADO\n\n * Aurora, CO\n * Colorado Springs, CO\n * Denver, CO\n\n### DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA\n\n * Washington, DC\n\n### FLORIDA\n\n * Jacksonville, FL\n * Miami, FL\n * Orlando, FL\n * Tampa, FL\n\n### GEORGIA\n\n * Atlanta, GA\n\n### HAWAII\n\n * Honolulu, HI\n\n### ILLINOIS\n\n * Chicago, IL\n\n### INDIANA\n\n * Fort Wayne, IN\n * Indianapolis, IN\n\n### KANSAS\n\n * Wichita, KS\n\n### KENTUCKY\n\n * Lexington, KY\n * Louisville, KY\n\n### LOUISIANA\n\n * New Orleans, LA\n\n### MARYLAND\n\n * Baltimore, MD\n\n### MASSACHUSETTS\n\n * Boston, MA\n * Cambridge, MA\n * Lowell, MA\n * Springfield, MA\n * Worcester, MA\n\n### MICHIGAN\n\n * Detroit, MI\n\n### MINNESOTA\n\n * Minneapolis, MN\n * Saint Paul, MN\n\n### MISSOURI\n\n * Kansas City, MO\n * St. Louis, MO\n\n### NEBRASKA\n\n * Lincoln, NE\n * Omaha, NE\n\n### NEVADA\n\n * Henderson, NV\n * Las Vegas, NV\n\n### NEW JERSEY\n\n * Jersey City, NJ\n * Newark, NJ\n\n### NEW MEXICO\n\n * Albuquerque, NM\n\n### NEW YORK\n\n * Buffalo, NY\n * New York City, NY\n\n### NORTH CAROLINA\n\n * Charlotte, NC\n * Durham, NC\n * Greensboro, NC\n * Raleigh, NC\n\n### OHIO\n\n * Cincinnati, OH\n * Cleveland, OH\n * Columbus, OH\n * Toledo, OH\n\n### OKLAHOMA\n\n * Oklahoma City, OK\n * Tulsa, OK\n\n### OREGON\n\n * Portland, OR\n\n### PENNSYLVANIA\n\n * Philadelphia, PA\n * Pittsburgh, PA\n\n### SOUTH CAROLINA\n\n * Charleston, SC\n\n### TENNESSEE\n\n * Memphis, TN\n * Nashville, TN\n\n### TEXAS\n\n * Arlington, TX\n * Austin, TX\n * Corpus Christi, TX\n * Dallas, TX\n * El Paso, TX\n * Fort Worth, TX\n * Houston, TX\n * Plano, TX\n * San Antonio, TX\n\n### VIRGINIA\n\n * Virginia Beach, VA\n\n### WASHINGTON\n\n * Bellevue, WA\n * Everett, WA\n * Kent, WA\n * Renton, WA\n * Seattle, WA\n * Spokane, WA\n * Tacoma, WA\n * Vancouver, WA\n\n### WISCONSIN\n\n * Milwaukee, WI\n\n * Allergies\n\n * Allergy Symptoms\n * Allergy Treatment\n * Who Has Allergies and Why\n * Anaphylaxis\n * Types of Allergies:\n * Seasonal Allergies\n * Asthma\n\n * Asthma 101\n * Asthma in Children\n * Asthma Symptoms\n * Asthma Testing and Diagnosis\n * Asthma Treatment\n * Types of Asthma\n * Resources\n\n * Connect\n * Information\n * Interactive Tools\n * Español\n * News\n\n * News Archive\n * Facts and Statistics\n * Health Care Professionals\n\n * Professional Development\n * Practice Management\n * Advocacy\n * Membership\n * Publications\n * Annual Meeting\n * The College\n * Find an Allergist\n\nAmerican College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology © 2014\n\nContact Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.everydayhealth.com/sinus-health-guide/natural-remedies-for-sinus-pain.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210429002139/https://www.everydayhealth.com/sinus-health-guide/natural-remedies-for-sinus-pain.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Natural Home Remedies for Sinus Infection and Pain", "passages": [ "Known as Supported Reclined Cobbler’s Pose, this yoga posture may ease sinus infection symptoms without putting too much pressure on your sinuses.Alamy", "Whether you have a single sinus infection or recurrent sinusitis, the pain and pressure in your face is enough to send you running for medication.", "But the National Institutes of Health (NIH) cautions against taking unnecessary antibiotics. Most sinus problems are caused by viruses, which antibiotics don’t treat. And even those brought on by bacteria don’t usually improve any faster with antibiotics, the agency says.", "Fortunately, a variety of natural remedies for sinus pain and sinus infections can effectively provide relief. Some of these approaches are even recommended by physicians, who say that getting sinus mucus flowing can help you feel better while your body successfully fights the infection.", "Sinus problems happens when too much mucus builds up in the cavities behind your face. This causes one or more of these cavities to become swollen or inflamed.", "In some people, especially those with allergies or asthma, this recurs regularly, leading to constant pressure around the nose, a bad-tasting postnasal drip, headache, exhaustion, or other symptoms.", "In many cases, sinus home remedies — including those things your mother told you to do — can effectively improve inflamed sinuses, says Anthony Del Signore, MD, assistant professor of otolaryngology at Mount Sinai Beth Israel in New York City.", "These treatments sooth irritated passageways and increase the flow of mucus so you don’t feel so stuffed up, he explains.", "Get our exclusive workbook designed to help you look and feel your best. Inspired by the book 'The Self-Care Solution,' these challenges will set you up for a healthier, happier year ahead.", "“Inhaling steam helps to soothe the sinus tissue and gives you the feeling of clearing them out a little,” Dr. Del Signore says.", "You can simply stand in the shower or even sit in the bathroom when the shower is running. You can also place a warmed washcloth over your nose and cheeks while you lie on your bed.", "For the most potent steam treatment, boil a pot of water, then take it off the heat. Tent a towel over your head and bend over the pot to inhale the steam. Be careful not to start out too close to the hot water and to keep your eyes closed. As the liquid cools, you can move in a little, but only to the point where it remains comfortable.", "You might add a drop or two of essential oils; eucalyptus oil can help open the nose, while lavender essential oil or chamomile essential oil will calm you.", "Nasal irrigation is basically a method of using a saltwater solution to force out germs and plugged-up mucus residing in the sinus passages. Other terms for this are nasal wash, nasal douche, or lavage. Some people refer to it by one of the popular devices used to get the water in, a “neti pot.”", "A small number of studies has found irrigation can improve symptoms, including one review published in September 2016 in the Canadian Medical Association Journal.", "Experts caution that it is important to use distilled or sterile water (you can sterilize tap water yourself by boiling for 3 to 5 minutes, then cooling) to avoid the rare possibility of introducing a parasite into your sinus passageways.", "If you are in the midst of a sinus infection, a supported yoga pose where your head is elevated will help you feel better without putting too much pressure on your sinuses, says Leslie Kazadi, a certified yoga therapist who teaches around Los Angeles and online at YogisAnonymous.com.", "Bend your knees and bring the soles of your feet together; you can place yoga blocks or rolled towels under your knees to make this more comfortable.", "Come out of the pose by rolling off the bolster or blanket and onto your side, then pressing your hands against the floor to sit up.", "Bromelain is a mixture of enzymes found in the pineapple plant that is sold as a dietary supplement. According to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), you can get it as a powder, cream, tablet, or capsule, sometimes in combination with other ingredients.", "According to a research published in the journal Laryngoscope, bromelain has been studied for sinusitis because it is thought to be effective in taming inflammation. A small number of double-blind studies has found bromelain improves sinus symptoms more than a placebo, the review found.", "Research published in Alternative Medicine Review indicated that oral doses of bromelain are typically from 500 to 1000 milligrams (mg) per day, but some people take 2000 mg.", "Although bromelain is natural, that doesn’t mean there can’t be side effects. The NCCIH cautions that some people experience allergic reactions, GI issues, menstrual problems, and an increased heart rate.", "Quercetin is a natural plant component found in everything from onions and apples to green tea and red wine. Like many plant ingredients, it is an antioxidant. For sinus problems, quercetin has also been found to stabilize the cells in the body that release histamine — the chemical that stimulates mucus secretion in the sinuses.", "The Alternative Medicine Review article recommends quercetin as helpful for sinusitis, suggesting a typical oral dose of 400 to 500 mg taken three times per day.", "Staying hydrated keeps your sinuses moist so you feel better, and it also decreases the thickness of sinus mucus so it flows out more easily, Del Signore says.", "“Everyone is guilty of not drinking enough water,” he says, recommending people get from six to eight 8-ounces glasses every day.", "You will know if these remedies are effective because you will begin to feel better and your sinuses will be less congested.", "However, unlike with antibiotics where symptoms start to diminish quickly, natural remedies typically take longer to work. So you should continue to do these remedies regularly for at least a week or two before determining if they are working.", "You’ll want to check with your doctor even sooner if you have a severe case of a sinus infection — including a high fever, swelling around the eyes, and red and inflamed skin, among other symptoms, Del Signore says.", "In this case, or if your symptoms do not clear up within two weeks, your doctor will likely prescribe an antibiotic.", "You don’t have to keep living with the symptoms of a sinus infection. Here are eight smart tips from both experts and readers that’ll help get you breathing...", "Your nose is stuffed and your head is pounding. Here's how to tell if a cold, allergies, or a sinus infection is to blame.", "Colds, flu, allergens, and pollutants are the most common causes of sinus pain. Learn 10 steps you can take to avoid a sinus infection and the congestion...", "Experts say the data shouldn’t cause anyone to change their diet yet, but it’s a promising avenue for more research.", "The new guidelines come from two U.S. government health groups and are the first new recommendations since 2007. Experts say they’ll affect a significant...", "A new study highlights the need for stronger guidelines to manage the risk of osteoporosis and fractures in people with asthma who use steroid inhalers...", "Concerns about side effects, allergic reactions, and a rare immune disorder associated with the flu shot are keeping some people from being vaccinated...", "© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally registered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission." ] }, "parsed_md": "Natural Home Remedies for Sinus Infection and Pain | Everyday Health\n\nSinus Infection\n\n# 6 Natural Remedies for Pain and Pressure From Sinus Infections\n\nBy Meryl Davids LandauMedically Reviewed by Justin Laube, MD\n\nLast Updated: March 30, 2020\n\nMedically Reviewed\n\nCertain home remedies are worth trying before you turn to antibiotics for a\nsinus infection.\n\nKnown as Supported Reclined Cobbler’s Pose, this yoga posture may ease sinus\ninfection symptoms without putting too much pressure on your sinuses.Alamy\n\nWhether you have a single sinus infection or recurrent sinusitis, the pain and\npressure in your face is enough to send you running for medication.\n\nBut the National Institutes of Health (NIH) cautions against taking\nunnecessary antibiotics. Most sinus problems are caused by viruses, which\nantibiotics don’t treat. And even those brought on by bacteria don’t usually\nimprove any faster with antibiotics, the agency says.\n\nFortunately, a variety of natural remedies for sinus pain and sinus infections\ncan effectively provide relief. Some of these approaches are even recommended\nby physicians, who say that getting sinus mucus flowing can help you feel\nbetter while your body successfully fights the infection.\n\n## What Is Sinusitis?\n\nSinus problems happens when too much mucus builds up in the cavities behind\nyour face. This causes one or more of these cavities to become swollen or\ninflamed.\n\nIn some people, especially those with allergies or asthma, this recurs\nregularly, leading to constant pressure around the nose, a bad-tasting\npostnasal drip, headache, exhaustion, or other symptoms.\n\nRELATED: What Are the Common Cold and Flu? Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and\nPrevention\n\n## Easy Natural Remedies Help Mucus Flow\n\nIn many cases, sinus home remedies — including those things your mother told\nyou to do — can effectively improve inflamed sinuses, says Anthony Del\nSignore, MD, assistant professor of otolaryngology at Mount Sinai Beth Israel\nin New York City.\n\nThese treatments sooth irritated passageways and increase the flow of mucus so\nyou don’t feel so stuffed up, he explains.\n\n## The Ultimate Self-Care Workbook\n\nGet our exclusive workbook designed to help you look and feel your best.\nInspired by the book 'The Self-Care Solution,' these challenges will set you\nup for a healthier, happier year ahead.\n\nFeatured\n\n### 1\\. Heat Up (or Steam Up) Your Face\n\nOne of the most effective home remedies for sinus infections is to warm up and\nmoisturize your sinus passageways.\n\n“Inhaling steam helps to soothe the sinus tissue and gives you the feeling of\nclearing them out a little,” Dr. Del Signore says.\n\nYou can simply stand in the shower or even sit in the bathroom when the shower\nis running. You can also place a warmed washcloth over your nose and cheeks\nwhile you lie on your bed.\n\nFor the most potent steam treatment, boil a pot of water, then take it off the\nheat. Tent a towel over your head and bend over the pot to inhale the steam.\nBe careful not to start out too close to the hot water and to keep your eyes\nclosed. As the liquid cools, you can move in a little, but only to the point\nwhere it remains comfortable.\n\nYou might add a drop or two of essential oils; eucalyptus oil can help open\nthe nose, while lavender essential oil or chamomile essential oil will calm\nyou.\n\nRELATED: Do I Have a Cold or the Flu?\n\n### 2\\. Irrigate Your Sinuses to Help Ease Symptoms and Prevent Sinus\nInfections\n\nNasal irrigation is basically a method of using a saltwater solution to force\nout germs and plugged-up mucus residing in the sinus passages. Other terms for\nthis are nasal wash, nasal douche, or lavage. Some people refer to it by one\nof the popular devices used to get the water in, a “neti pot.”\n\nA small number of studies has found irrigation can improve symptoms, including\none review published in September 2016 in the Canadian Medical Association\nJournal.\n\nExperts caution that it is important to use distilled or sterile water (you\ncan sterilize tap water yourself by boiling for 3 to 5 minutes, then cooling)\nto avoid the rare possibility of introducing a parasite into your sinus\npassageways.\n\nRELATED: Everything You Need to Know About Coronavirus\n\n### 3\\. Yoga Can Help Drain Mucus From Sinus Passageways\n\nIf you are in the midst of a sinus infection, a supported yoga pose where your\nhead is elevated will help you feel better without putting too much pressure\non your sinuses, says Leslie Kazadi, a certified yoga therapist who teaches\naround Los Angeles and online at YogisAnonymous.com.\n\nRELATED: Yoga 101: The Poses, the Types, the Health Benefits, and if You’re a\nBeginner, How to Get Started on the Mat\n\nOne pose Kazadi suggests is Supported Reclined Cobbler’s Pose.\n\nHow to Try Supported Reclined Cobbler’s Yoga Pose\n\n 1. Place a bolster or rolled up blanket under your back and lie on your bed or floor.\n 2. Bend your knees and bring the soles of your feet together; you can place yoga blocks or rolled towels under your knees to make this more comfortable.\n 3. Relax your arms out to your sides. Remain here for as long as is comfortable.\n 4. Come out of the pose by rolling off the bolster or blanket and onto your side, then pressing your hands against the floor to sit up.\n\n### 4\\. Consider Using a Supplement, Such as the Enzyme Bromelain\n\nBromelain is a mixture of enzymes found in the pineapple plant that is sold as\na dietary supplement. According to the National Center for Complementary and\nIntegrative Health (NCCIH), you can get it as a powder, cream, tablet, or\ncapsule, sometimes in combination with other ingredients.\n\nAccording to a research published in the journal Laryngoscope, bromelain has\nbeen studied for sinusitis because it is thought to be effective in taming\ninflammation. A small number of double-blind studies has found bromelain\nimproves sinus symptoms more than a placebo, the review found.\n\nResearch published in Alternative Medicine Review indicated that oral doses of\nbromelain are typically from 500 to 1000 milligrams (mg) per day, but some\npeople take 2000 mg.\n\nAlthough bromelain is natural, that doesn’t mean there can’t be side effects.\nThe NCCIH cautions that some people experience allergic reactions, GI issues,\nmenstrual problems, and an increased heart rate.\n\nRELATED: Do You Need a Vitamin D Supplement? Everything to Know\n\n### 5\\. Try Quercetin — a Powerful Herb You’ve Likely Never Heard Of\n\nQuercetin is a natural plant component found in everything from onions and\napples to green tea and red wine. Like many plant ingredients, it is an\nantioxidant. For sinus problems, quercetin has also been found to stabilize\nthe cells in the body that release histamine — the chemical that stimulates\nmucus secretion in the sinuses.\n\nThe Alternative Medicine Review article recommends quercetin as helpful for\nsinusitis, suggesting a typical oral dose of 400 to 500 mg taken three times\nper day.\n\n### 6\\. Drinking Liquids Help Ease Sinus Pain and Loosens Congestion\n\nStaying hydrated keeps your sinuses moist so you feel better, and it also\ndecreases the thickness of sinus mucus so it flows out more easily, Del\nSignore says.\n\n“Everyone is guilty of not drinking enough water,” he says, recommending\npeople get from six to eight 8-ounces glasses every day.\n\nSteer clear of too many caffeinated or alcoholic drinks, which can cause\ndehydration.\n\nRELATED: 7 Natural Flu Remedies That Actually Work\n\n## How to Tell if These Remedies Are Not Working\n\nYou will know if these remedies are effective because you will begin to feel\nbetter and your sinuses will be less congested.\n\nHowever, unlike with antibiotics where symptoms start to diminish quickly,\nnatural remedies typically take longer to work. So you should continue to do\nthese remedies regularly for at least a week or two before determining if they\nare working.\n\n## When To See a Doctor for Sinus Issues\n\nIf your symptoms persist more than one to two weeks, you should consult with\nyour physician.\n\nYou’ll want to check with your doctor even sooner if you have a severe case of\na sinus infection — including a high fever, swelling around the eyes, and red\nand inflamed skin, among other symptoms, Del Signore says.\n\nIn this case, or if your symptoms do not clear up within two weeks, your\ndoctor will likely prescribe an antibiotic.\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nSign up for our Healthy Living Newsletter!\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\n## The Latest in Sinus Infection\n\n### 6 Sinus Infection Self-Treatment Mistakes to Avoid\n\nSome common home remedies should be avoided, while others should be used with\ncare.\n\nBy Meryl Davids LandauNovember 6, 2018\n\n### 8 Ways to Clear Up Sinus Congestion\n\nYou don’t have to keep living with the symptoms of a sinus infection. Here are\neight smart tips from both experts and readers that’ll help get you\nbreathing...\n\nBy Madeline R. Vann, MPHDecember 9, 2015\n\n### Is It a Sinus Infection, a Cold, or Allergies?\n\nYour nose is stuffed and your head is pounding. Here's how to tell if a cold,\nallergies, or a sinus infection is to blame.\n\nBy Diana RodriguezDecember 1, 2015\n\n### 10 Steps to Avoid Sinus Pain and Congestion\n\nColds, flu, allergens, and pollutants are the most common causes of sinus\npain. Learn 10 steps you can take to avoid a sinus infection and the\ncongestion...\n\nBy Beth W. OrensteinDecember 1, 2015\n\n### 13 Things People With Asthma Should Know About Getting the COVID-19\nVaccine\n\nFind answers to your top questions here.\n\nBy Sari HarrarApril 26, 2021\n\n### Do You Use an Inhaler for Asthma? 11 FAQs About the Updated Treatment\nGuidelines\n\nNew national recommendations include some significant changes for people with\nasthma using inhalers. Here’s what’s new.\n\nBy Sari HarrarMarch 8, 2021\n\n### Study Links Higher Meat Consumption With Increased Risk of Childhood\nAsthma\n\nExperts say the data shouldn’t cause anyone to change their diet yet, but it’s\na promising avenue for more research.\n\nBy Carmen ChaiJanuary 14, 2021\n\n### New Asthma Guidelines Update Recommendations for Inhaler Use, Add-on Meds,\nand More\n\nThe new guidelines come from two U.S. government health groups and are the\nfirst new recommendations since 2007. Experts say they’ll affect a\nsignificant...\n\nBy Katherine LeeDecember 17, 2020\n\n### Are Doctors Doing Enough to Manage Bone Risks for People With Asthma Who\nTake Steroids?\n\nA new study highlights the need for stronger guidelines to manage the risk of\nosteoporosis and fractures in people with asthma who use steroid inhalers...\n\nBy Don RaufNovember 18, 2020\n\n### The Facts on Flu Shot Side Effects and Risks\n\nConcerns about side effects, allergic reactions, and a rare immune disorder\nassociated with the flu shot are keeping some people from being vaccinated...\n\nBy Don RaufNovember 10, 2020\n\nMost Helpful\n\n### Herbal Remedies and Your Liver: 7 Safety Tips to Follow\n\n### Pain-Relieving Yoga Props to Give\n\n### What is Sinus Infection? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and\nPrevention\n\n;\n\nWellness inspired. Wellness enabled.\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Editorial Policy\n * Newsletters\n * Privacy Policy\n * Health News\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * Feedback\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * Popular Topics\n * AdChoice\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nGet the best in health and wellness\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\nA PROPERTY OFEHGLogo\n\nMore From Everyday Health Group: What to ExpectBabyCenterMedPage TodayCastle\nConnolly Top DoctorsMigraine Again\n\n© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally\nregistered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third\nparties without explicit permission.\n\nBadgesBadgesBadgesBadgesBadges\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16618018", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200503135454/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16618018", "parsed_text": { "title": "[Efficacy and safety profile of a herbal drug containing nasturtium herb and horseradish root in acute sinusitis, acute bronchitis and acute urinar...", "passages": [ "[Efficacy and safety profile of a herbal drug containing nasturtium herb and horseradish root in acute sinusitis, acute bronchitis and acute urinar... - PubMed - NCBI" ] }, "parsed_md": "[Efficacy and safety profile of a herbal drug containing nasturtium herb and\nhorseradish root in acute sinusitis, acute bronchitis and acute urinar... -\nPubMed - NCBI\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.webmd.com:80/allergies/sinus-pain-pressure-11/sinus-congestion", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160604205843/http://www.webmd.com:80/allergies/sinus-pain-pressure-11/sinus-congestion", "parsed_text": { "title": "Treatments for Nasal Congestion and Sinus Pressure", "passages": [ "Nasal congestion and sinus pressure have many causes: colds, the flu, and allergies to name a few. Whatever your triggers are, the symptoms can get to you.", "What’s actually causing that stuffed-up feeling? When you’ve got a cold or allergies, the membranes lining your nasal passages become inflamed and irritated. They begin to make more mucus to flush out whatever causes the irritation, such as an allergen.", "When you’re stuffed up, focus on keeping your nasal passages and sinuses moist. Although people sometimes think that dry air might help clear up a runny nose, it actually has the opposite effect. Drying out the membranes will irritate them further.", "Try a Neti pot, nasal irrigator, or bulb syringe. Use distilled, sterile water or H2O that’s been boiled to make up the irrigation solution. Rinse the irrigation device after each use and let it air dry.", "Prop yourself up. At night, lie on a couple of pillows. Keeping your head elevated may make breathing more comfortable.", "Decongestants. These medicines help reduce the swelling in your nasal passages and ease the stuffiness and sinus pressure. They come as nasal sprays, like naphazoline ( Privine), oxymetazoline ( Afrin, Dristan, Duramist), or phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine, Sinex, Rhinall). They also come as pills, such as phenylephrine (Lusonal, Sudafed PE, Sudogest PE, and others) and pseudoephedrine (Sudafed, Sudogest).", "Follow the directions for using them. Don’t use a decongestant you take by mouth for more than a week without checking with your doctor. You shouldn’t use a decongestant nasal spray for more than 3 days, or it could make your congestion worse. Never give decongestants or any over-the-counter cold medicine to children under age 4." ] }, "parsed_md": "Treatments for Nasal Congestion and Sinus Pressure\n\nSkip to content\n\nCheck Your Symptoms Find A Doctor\n\nSign In Sign UpSubscribe\n\n * My ProfileWelcome\n * * My Tools\n * My WebMD Pages\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\nSubscribe\n\nWebMD Home Allergies Health Center Help for Sinus Pain\n\nEmail a Friend\n\nPrint Article\n\n# Help for Sinus Pain and Pressure\n\n##### Next Article\n\nSkip to Article Content\n\n * Sinus Help at Home Turn up the humidifier and turn down the heat. Get at-home tips for sinus help.\n * Blame Your Cold Find out why a cold can make your sinuses feel like they're going to explode.\n * Under Pressure From hot showers to medicine, here's how to ease sinus congestion and pressure.\n * Go to War With Allergies Don't just live with that stuffy nose and sneezing! Fight seasonal allergies.\n * What's a Deviated Septum, Anyway? It could be the way your head's made or allergies. What causes sinus problems?\n * 6 Tips for Sinus Help Grab a warm washcloth and a humidifier, and follow these steps for relief.\n * Doctor Decoder Be sinus smart. Here are words you may hear when talking about your sinuses.\n * Do Neti Pots Work? Will flushing your sinuses give you any relief?\n * Unclog Your Ears See how sinus relief may help stuffy ears.\n * Trouble Sleeping? You can create a bedroom where you can breathe better.\n * Help for Sinus Pain and Pressure\n\nFalse\n\n## How to Treat Nasal Congestion and Sinus Pressure\n\nNasal congestion and sinus pressure have many causes: colds, the flu, and\nallergies to name a few. Whatever your triggers are, the symptoms can get to\nyou.\n\nWhat’s actually causing that stuffed-up feeling? When you’ve got a cold or\nallergies, the membranes lining your nasal passages become inflamed and\nirritated. They begin to make more mucus to flush out whatever causes the\nirritation, such as an allergen.\n\nUse these tips to feel better and breathe easier.\n\n### Home Treatments\n\nWhen you’re stuffed up, focus on keeping your nasal passages and sinuses\nmoist. Although people sometimes think that dry air might help clear up a\nrunny nose, it actually has the opposite effect. Drying out the membranes will\nirritate them further.\n\nTo keep your nasal passages moist, you can:\n\n * Use a humidifier or vaporizer.\n * Take long showers or breathe in steam from a pot of warm (but not too hot) water.\n * Drink lots of fluids. This will thin out your mucus, which could help prevent blocked sinuses.\n * Use a nasal saline spray. It’s salt water, and it will help keep your nasal passages from drying out.\n * Try a Neti pot, nasal irrigator, or bulb syringe. Use distilled, sterile water or H2O that’s been boiled to make up the irrigation solution. Rinse the irrigation device after each use and let it air dry.\n * Sit a warm, wet towel on your face. It may relieve discomfort and open your nasal passages.\n * Prop yourself up. At night, lie on a couple of pillows. Keeping your head elevated may make breathing more comfortable.\n * Avoid chlorinated pools. They can irritate your nasal passages.\n\n### OTC Medicines\n\nThese drugs don’t need a prescription and can help tame your symptoms:\n\nDecongestants. These medicines help reduce the swelling in your nasal passages\nand ease the stuffiness and sinus pressure. They come as nasal sprays, like\nnaphazoline ( Privine), oxymetazoline ( Afrin, Dristan, Duramist), or\nphenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine, Sinex, Rhinall). They also come as pills, such\nas phenylephrine (Lusonal, Sudafed PE, Sudogest PE, and others) and\npseudoephedrine (Sudafed, Sudogest).\n\nFollow the directions for using them. Don’t use a decongestant you take by\nmouth for more than a week without checking with your doctor. You shouldn’t\nuse a decongestant nasal spray for more than 3 days, or it could make your\ncongestion worse. Never give decongestants or any over-the-counter cold\nmedicine to children under age 4.\n\n1 2\n\nSinus Problems\n\n * Home Remedies\n * Blame Your Cold\n * Under Pressure\n * Allergy War\n * Sinus Causes\n * 6 Sinus Tips\n * Doctor Decoder\n * Do Neti Pots Work?\n * Unclog Your Ears\n * Trouble Sleeping?\n * Kids and Allergies\n * DIY Sinus Help\n * Relieve Pressure\n * Natural Sinus Relief\n\n## Slideshow\n\nEasy things you can do at home to help your sinus pain.\n\n### Video\n\n#### Tips for Parents During Allergy Season\n\nHow to reduce/treat seasonal allergies in children.\n\nView Now\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Exercise & OA Knee Pain\n * Trouble Hearing?\n * Lung Cancer Treatment\n\n * Breast Cancer Advances\n * IBS-C Symptoms?\n * Facts About Skin Cancer\n\n * Help with Painful Knees\n * Colon Cancer Treatments\n * Diagnosed with Cancer?\n\n * Ringing in Ears\n * Healthy Home, Happy Home\n * Aortic Valve Stenosis?\n\n * Knee Treatment Plan\n * Treat Female Hair Loss\n * Frequent Constipation?\n\n##### More From WebMD:\n\nHemophilia Treatment|RA Basics|Psoriasis|MS Assessment|Hemophilia\nQuestions|Anaphylaxis|ADHD in Children|Diabetes Diet|Hodgkin's\nLymphoma|Multiple Myeloma |Hearing Loss: Its Causes and Treatment|Toenail\nFungus|Living With Alzheimer's|COPD|Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials|Idiopathic\nPulmonary Fibrosis|Diabetes Assessment|Live Better With Diabetes|Atrial\nFibrillation Assessment |Treating Advanced Prostate Cancer\n\n###### Find us on:\n\nURAC: Accredited Health Web Site AdChoices\n\nAbout WebMD Advertise With Us Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Policy\nAccessibility Sponsor Policy\n\nSite Map Careers Contact Us Medscape Reference eMedicineHealth RxList Medscape\nMedicineNet\n\nBootsWebMD WebMD Corporate WebMD Health Services First Aid WebMD Magazine\nWebMD Health Record\n\nWebMD Mobile Newsletters Dictionary Physician Directory\n\n©2005-2016 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional\ninformation.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/839130", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506012411/https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/839130", "parsed_text": { "title": "New Guidelines for Allergic Rhinitis Released", "passages": [ "Please confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you will be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit. Log out Cancel", "Clinicians should treat allergic rhinitis (AR) with intranasal steroids when patients' symptoms impair their quality of life, according to clinical practice guidelines published February 2 in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. The guidelines further suggest that clinicians should recommend second-generation oral antihistamines, which are less likely to cause drowsiness, for patients complaining primarily of sneezing and itching.", "AR is the fifth most common chronic disease in the United States, affecting one in six of all Americans, and is the most common chronic disease among children, the authors write. Medical treatment in the United States costs $2 to $5 billion, with more than half of that amount devoted to prescription medications. AR also accounts for as much as $2 to $4 billion in lost productivity annually, and an estimated 800,000 to 2 million lost school days, according to the work group led by Michael D. Seidman, MD, from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Henry Ford West Bloomfield Hospital, West Bloomfield, Michigan.", "The multidisciplinary panel of 21 experts created a series of actionable statements based on available evidence in the hope of reducing wide variation that now exists in care and promoting effective diagnosis for children older than 2 years and adults. The expert panel defines AR as an inflammatory response of the nasal mucous membranes after inhaling an allergen, such as grass pollen, dust mites, or pet dander, which can trigger symptoms that can include runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, and itching.", "The panel issued a \"strong\" recommendation for intranasal steroids and oral antihistamines as first lines of treatment, a rating that indicates clinicians should follow the recommendation unless they have a \"clear and compelling\" rationale to choose an alternate approach.", "However, clinicians should not offer oral leukotriene receptor antagonists as primary therapy for patients with AR, a recommendation that clinicians generally should follow while factoring in patient preferences. Nor should they routinely perform sinonasal imaging in patients with AR symptoms, which can subject people to \"unnecessary radiation exposure.\" Clinicians can diagnose patients with AR on the basis of their history, a physical exam, and allergy testing.", "Intranasal steroids, the panel writes, are effective, superior to other therapies, improve quality of life, and have a targeted local effect. \"Placebo-controlled clinical trials demonstrate the effectiveness of [intranasal steroids] in the reduction of nasal symptoms including sneezing, itching, rhinorrhea, and congestion in adults and children with AR,\" write Dr Seidman and colleagues. \"By reducing nasal symptoms, [intranasal steroids] significantly improve the quality of life and sleep of patients with AR.\"", "Second-generation oral antihistamines work quickly to tamp down symptoms and, because they are available over the counter and as generics, offer potential cost savings. \"Advantages of oral antihistamines include rapid onset of action, once-daily dosing, maintenance of effectiveness with regular use, and the availability of some drugs without a prescription. Some patients who fail to improve with one agent may respond to an alternative drug in this category,\" the panel writes.", "Clinicians should offer sublingual or subcutaneous immunotherapy for patients with AR who are not responding to pharmacologic therapy, the panel recommends, in part to increase awareness of \"the only proven treatment for AR that has the potential to change the natural history of the disease.\"", "In its review of the available evidence, the panel identified a number of gaps and suggests additional research, including randomized controlled trials to study the effect of environmental control strategies on AR, such as removing pets and using air filtration systems, and research into the safety and efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy.", "Financial support for the work was provided by the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. One coauthor disclosed financial relationships with Scientific Advisory Board–Visalus, founding Body Language Vitamin Co, receiving funding from the National Institutes of Health, and holding patents related to supplements and the middle ear and brain implant. Another coauthor disclosed consulting for Wellpoint. Another coauthor disclosed being a speaker and/or consultant for Acclarent/Johnson & Johnson, GlaxoSmithKline, and Merck Inc. Another coauthor disclosed being a consultant for Merck and receiving contract support to his academic institution from Novartis. Another coauthor disclosed serving on the speakers' bureau at GlaxoSmithKline and serving on the advisory boards for Sunovion Pharmaceuticals and Transit of Venus. Another coauthor disclosed serving as principal investigator on a clinical study with Intersect, receiving a research grant from Medtronic, and serving as a speaker for Merck. Another coauthor disclosed serving as a consultant for First Line Medical. Another coauthor disclosed serving on the speakers' bureau at Sunovion and Teva; serving on the advisory panel and speakers' bureau at Meda, Mylan, and Sanofi; serving as the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology's executive committee chair and on the college's board of regents, its Rhinitis/Sinusitis Committee, and a related task force. The other authors have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.", "Comments on Medscape are moderated and should be professional in tone and on topic. You must declare any conflicts of interest related to your comments and responses. Please see our Commenting Guide for further information. We reserve the right to remove posts at our sole discretion.", "Comments on Medscape are moderated and should be professional in tone and on topic. You must declare any conflicts of interest related to your comments and responses. Please see our Commenting Guide for further information. We reserve the right to remove posts at our sole discretion.", "Pleasedo not use this form to submit personal or patient medical information or to report adverse drug events. You are encouraged to report adverse drug event information to the FDA.", "All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2021 by WebMD LLC. This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties." ] }, "parsed_md": "New Guidelines for Allergic Rhinitis Released\n\nFor You\n\nNews & Perspective\n\nDrugs & Diseases\n\nCME & Education\n\nAcademy\n\nVideo\n\nDecision Point\n\nSpecialty: Multispecialty\n\nAllergy & Immunology\n\nAnesthesiology\n\nBusiness of Medicine\n\nCardiology\n\nCritical Care\n\nDermatology\n\nDiabetes & Endocrinology\n\nEmergency Medicine\n\nFamily Medicine\n\nGastroenterology\n\nGeneral Surgery\n\nHematology - Oncology\n\nHIV/AIDS\n\nHospital Medicine\n\nInfectious Diseases\n\nInternal Medicine\n\nMultispecialty\n\nNephrology\n\nNeurology\n\nOb/Gyn & Women's Health\n\nOncology\n\nOphthalmology\n\nOrthopedics\n\nPathology & Lab Medicine\n\nPediatrics\n\nPlastic Surgery\n\nPsychiatry\n\nPublic Health\n\nPulmonary Medicine\n\nRadiology\n\nRheumatology\n\nTransplantation\n\nUrology\n\nMedical Students\n\nNurses\n\nPharmacists\n\nResidents\n\nToday on Medscape\n\nEdition: ENGLISH\n\nDEUTSCH\n\nESPAÑOL\n\nFRANÇAIS\n\nPORTUGUÊS\n\nLog In\n\nSign Up It's Free!\n\nEdition: ENGLISH DEUTSCH ESPAÑOL FRANÇAIS PORTUGUÊS\n\nRegister Log In\n\nWednesday, May 5, 2021\n\nFor You News & Perspective Drugs & Diseases CME & Education Academy Video\nDecision Point\n\nclose\n\nPlease confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you\nwill be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit.\nLog out Cancel\n\nNews > Medscape Medical News\n\n# New Guidelines for Allergic Rhinitis Released\n\nDiedtra Henderson\n\nFebruary 03, 2015\n\nClinicians should treat allergic rhinitis (AR) with intranasal steroids when\npatients' symptoms impair their quality of life, according to clinical\npractice guidelines published February 2 in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck\nSurgery. The guidelines further suggest that clinicians should recommend\nsecond-generation oral antihistamines, which are less likely to cause\ndrowsiness, for patients complaining primarily of sneezing and itching.\n\nAR is the fifth most common chronic disease in the United States, affecting\none in six of all Americans, and is the most common chronic disease among\nchildren, the authors write. Medical treatment in the United States costs $2\nto $5 billion, with more than half of that amount devoted to prescription\nmedications. AR also accounts for as much as $2 to $4 billion in lost\nproductivity annually, and an estimated 800,000 to 2 million lost school days,\naccording to the work group led by Michael D. Seidman, MD, from the Department\nof Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Henry Ford West Bloomfield Hospital,\nWest Bloomfield, Michigan.\n\nThe multidisciplinary panel of 21 experts created a series of actionable\nstatements based on available evidence in the hope of reducing wide variation\nthat now exists in care and promoting effective diagnosis for children older\nthan 2 years and adults. The expert panel defines AR as an inflammatory\nresponse of the nasal mucous membranes after inhaling an allergen, such as\ngrass pollen, dust mites, or pet dander, which can trigger symptoms that can\ninclude runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, and itching.\n\nThe panel issued a \"strong\" recommendation for intranasal steroids and oral\nantihistamines as first lines of treatment, a rating that indicates clinicians\nshould follow the recommendation unless they have a \"clear and compelling\"\nrationale to choose an alternate approach.\n\nHowever, clinicians should not offer oral leukotriene receptor antagonists as\nprimary therapy for patients with AR, a recommendation that clinicians\ngenerally should follow while factoring in patient preferences. Nor should\nthey routinely perform sinonasal imaging in patients with AR symptoms, which\ncan subject people to \"unnecessary radiation exposure.\" Clinicians can\ndiagnose patients with AR on the basis of their history, a physical exam, and\nallergy testing.\n\nIntranasal steroids, the panel writes, are effective, superior to other\ntherapies, improve quality of life, and have a targeted local effect.\n\"Placebo-controlled clinical trials demonstrate the effectiveness of\n[intranasal steroids] in the reduction of nasal symptoms including sneezing,\nitching, rhinorrhea, and congestion in adults and children with AR,\" write Dr\nSeidman and colleagues. \"By reducing nasal symptoms, [intranasal steroids]\nsignificantly improve the quality of life and sleep of patients with AR.\"\n\nSecond-generation oral antihistamines work quickly to tamp down symptoms and,\nbecause they are available over the counter and as generics, offer potential\ncost savings. \"Advantages of oral antihistamines include rapid onset of\naction, once-daily dosing, maintenance of effectiveness with regular use, and\nthe availability of some drugs without a prescription. Some patients who fail\nto improve with one agent may respond to an alternative drug in this\ncategory,\" the panel writes.\n\nClinicians should offer sublingual or subcutaneous immunotherapy for patients\nwith AR who are not responding to pharmacologic therapy, the panel recommends,\nin part to increase awareness of \"the only proven treatment for AR that has\nthe potential to change the natural history of the disease.\"\n\nIn its review of the available evidence, the panel identified a number of gaps\nand suggests additional research, including randomized controlled trials to\nstudy the effect of environmental control strategies on AR, such as removing\npets and using air filtration systems, and research into the safety and\nefficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy.\n\nFinancial support for the work was provided by the American Academy of\nOtolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. One coauthor disclosed\nfinancial relationships with Scientific Advisory Board–Visalus, founding Body\nLanguage Vitamin Co, receiving funding from the National Institutes of Health,\nand holding patents related to supplements and the middle ear and brain\nimplant. Another coauthor disclosed consulting for Wellpoint. Another coauthor\ndisclosed being a speaker and/or consultant for Acclarent/Johnson & Johnson,\nGlaxoSmithKline, and Merck Inc. Another coauthor disclosed being a consultant\nfor Merck and receiving contract support to his academic institution from\nNovartis. Another coauthor disclosed serving on the speakers' bureau at\nGlaxoSmithKline and serving on the advisory boards for Sunovion\nPharmaceuticals and Transit of Venus. Another coauthor disclosed serving as\nprincipal investigator on a clinical study with Intersect, receiving a\nresearch grant from Medtronic, and serving as a speaker for Merck. Another\ncoauthor disclosed serving as a consultant for First Line Medical. Another\ncoauthor disclosed serving on the speakers' bureau at Sunovion and Teva;\nserving on the advisory panel and speakers' bureau at Meda, Mylan, and Sanofi;\nserving as the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology's executive\ncommittee chair and on the college's board of regents, its Rhinitis/Sinusitis\nCommittee, and a related task force. The other authors have disclosed no\nrelevant financial relationships.\n\nOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online February 2, 2015.\n\nMedscape Medical News © 2015 WebMD, LLC\n\nSend comments and news tips to news@medscape.net.\n\nCite this: New Guidelines for Allergic Rhinitis Released - Medscape - Feb 03,\n2015.\n\n###### Authors and Disclosures\n\n## Authors and Disclosures\n\n### Journalist\n\n#### Diedtra Henderson\n\nDiedtra Henderson is a freelance writer for Medscape.\n\nDiedtra Henderson has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.\n\n### Comments\n\nCommenting is limited to medical professionals. 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This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.modernreflexology.com/curing-nasal-congestion-with-acupressure-points/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417152912/https://www.modernreflexology.com/curing-nasal-congestion-with-acupressure-points/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Curing Nasal Congestion with Acupressure Points", "passages": [ "Nasal congestion is the most feared and stubborn infection to avoid. Blockage or swelling of the nasal passages due to the lining of membranes caused by inflamed blood vessels is called as Nasal congestion. This condition obstructs the free flow of air from the nose. The symptoms of Nasal congestion and sinus pressure are nasal discharge, sinus pain, cough and congestion, head ache, bad breathe, fever, loss of smell and swollen nasal tissue.", "You may think that only a cold or bad weather can cause this infection. But, there can be many other causes for Nasal or Sinus congestion, some of them include:", "Most people with sinus infection face this congestion, which makes it hard for them to breathe. Long usage of medical sprays and drops can worsen this condition. Though there are many painful treatments to clear up nasal congestion, acupuncture has some simple methods to help relieve sinus congestion naturally. To cure nasal congestion, you don’t need to use medical equipments, just use the right pressure points. Check out these best pressure points to cure sinus congestion faster.", "Warm your hands by rubbing them together. Now with the palm of your right hand rub the tip of your nose. Use a circular motion to warm the nose, do this 20 times. Repeat the same in the opposite direction. If you are suffering with stuffy nose, sinus congestion or nasal blockage, repeat this procedure at least 5 times a day. This will not only reduce the congestion but also works as a preventative from further blockage.", "For sinus problem and severe pain, use this technique. Hold the joint between thumb and the index finger, press is hard. Hold it in this position for two minutes. This will reduce the irritation and pain in the nose.", "Point to be noted: Pregnant women should not press this point as its stimulation is said to cause premature contractions in the uterus.", "The joint near the bridge of the nose and eye socket is the area most affected with nasal congestion. Press both the areas near the eye sockets with the tips of your thumbs for 5 minutes. You can work on both these pressure points separately (one after another). However pressing these points together creates more pressure. If the pressure is applied properly you will get rid of the mucus in no time. You will also feel relieved from the pain and congestion.", "Place your index fingers on the edge of both the nostrils; you can feel your cheek bone. This is the pressure point most commonly used in acupuncture to cure sinus congestion. Press this point with pressure for at least 4 minutes. Repeat this process several times. If it is properly pressed, it begins to flush out the blockage giving you a free flow of air in the nostrils.", "Hold your head in your hands. Place your thumbs right behind your ears. Feel your skull with the thumbs and come to the base of it. Now your thumbs should be behind your ears and at the base of the skull. Press these two pressure points deeply and rub them for two minutes. Continue this process daily to reduce and prevent nasal congestion, cold and head ache.", "On the back of your head where the neck and head are joined, you will find a large hollow space. Point A marked in the given image. Place your middle finger on it and apply pressure for 4 minutes. Observe the changes that occur in your nose. Along with curing nasal congestion it also helps to reduce headaches and mental stress.", "Place your middle finger in the hollow areas below the collar bones and above the upper breast bone. Press these pressure points for 5 minutes to prevent sinus infection and to boost your immune system.", "These points and techniques are not laid down only for people suffering from nasal congestion. They can be used by others who would like to prevent being victims of flu, cold, hay fever and sinus. Flu is very dangerous and many have been affected by it. Anyone can be a victim, old people, babies and even teenagers.", "As heard before, prevention is better than cure. Acupuncture can make a big difference to your life if you practice it properly. The body is very sensitive and the bacteria that enter into it can be very dangerous. The anti- bodies present inside, try to prevent the body from diseases. Early precautions and care can make all the difference. Whenever your hands are free try to put these techniques to practice and avoid sinus congestion.", "Devi Gajendran is a Post Graduate in Nutrition (University of Madras, Tamil Nadu) and has tons of experience in Fitness and Nutrition. She is the chief advisor and contributes to Modern Reflexology website and has her final say on all the segments under reflexology, acupressure points, acupuncture and so on. A holistic health advocator she believes that the combination of holistic practices can work wonders. When she is not sharing her valuable piece of knowledge about Reflexology she loves indulging in her hobby, dancing. She believes in driving away the blues with dancing. Her mantra is simple, stay calm and practice Reflexology.", "Acupressure is a very good technique. I have tried it several times and it gives me immense relief. Your article was spot-on, thanks for sharing these tips 🙂", "Dear Bipasha Kindly help My 8 year old son is seriously suffering from allergic symptoms which generally triggers when he is about to sleep. He will have severe itching in nose, eyes and the nose passage will block. Since years we are spending sleepless nights. We have tried several allergy medicines and nasal sprays which i feel stops working after few doses are taken regularly. I am really worried for his sufferings and could not bare his pain. I will be highly obliged for your help.", "Activate the following points- 1. In the hollow below the collarbone next to the breastbone. 2. On the top, outer end of the elbow crease. 3. Two finger widths directly below the belly button.Four finger widths below the kneecap on the outside of the leg.4. On the top of the foot in the valley between the big toe and the second toe. Stimulating these points will help you to get rid of allergies.", "Great and informative and useful article. I tried some of these acupressure methods after reading and got relief....God bless you !", "This inf is very helpful for us . Can pl suggest acc points for eye sight for my 3 & half year old child Guransh kaur regards H S", "thank you for the information. I’m pregnant and congested all the time and having trouble sleeping. I hope these tips help.", "Thank you for these. I had such bad congestion that not even a sinus rinse would pass. No kidding that 10 minutes after doing these techniques, I passed a large mucus and was able to breathe again! Miraculous!", "I’ve been suffering from a sinus headache for two days now. These tips are making a tremendous difference. Thank you for sharing them.", "Your information is very useful and informative. My daughter gets a sore throat almost every month. Which acupressure points can you advise me to use that would really take care of this problem. Thanks!", "Dear Bipasha Kindly help My 8 year old son is seriously suffering from allergic symptoms which generally triggers when he is about to sleep. He will have severe itching in nose, eyes and the nose passage will block. Since years we are spending sleepless nights. We have tried several allergy medicines and nasal sprays which i feel stops working after few doses are taken regularly. I am really worried for his sufferings and could not bare his pain. I will be highly obliged for your help.", "I feel some mucus (balgam) continuously flowing through my throat ....it is called najla in hindi ...what can I do to cure this ?", "Two useful acupressure points for clearing excess phlegm are Liv3, a liver point, and K27, a kidney point, . Liv3 sits on each foot, between the bones of the big toe and second toe, where they join the foot. Use your thumb to push into the space between these bones, pressing down and toward the ankle. Feel for a tender spot. Massage and hold the point with firm pressure until it is no longer painful. Do both sides, then move to K27. Follow your collarbone in toward the center, where it joins the breastbone. K27 rests in the hollow underneath the collarbone. Raise your shoulder to make the collarbone protrude if you can’t find the hollow. Massage, then press and hold the less tender side, then work on the more tender side, until the point no longer feels sore." ] }, "parsed_md": "Curing Nasal Congestion with Acupressure Points - Causes, Symptoms\n\nTop Posts\n\nAcupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\n\n6 Health Benefits of Traditional Thai Massage\n\n6 Acupuncture Points for Hemifacial Spasm Treatment\n\n8 Best Acupuncture Points A Potential Treatment For...\n\nEffective Acupuncture Points for Treating Depression Naturally\n\nTop 8 Acupressure Points for Treating Acne Naturally...\n\nEffective Acupuncture Points for Treating Sports Related Injury\n\n5 Helpful Acupressure Points for Postoperative Pain Relief\n\nEffective Acupuncture Therapy for Acute Ulcerative Colitis Disease\n\nHow Acupuncture is Helpful in Treating Nocturnal Enuresis...\n\nHome Reflexology Treatment Curing Nasal Congestion with Acupressure Points –\nCauses, Symptoms\n\nReflexology Treatment\n\n# Curing Nasal Congestion with Acupressure Points – Causes, Symptoms\n\nby Devi Gajendran October 10, 2013\n\nwritten by Devi Gajendran October 10, 2013\n\nNasal congestion is the most feared and stubborn infection to avoid. Blockage\nor swelling of the nasal passages due to the lining of membranes caused by\ninflamed blood vessels is called as Nasal congestion. This condition obstructs\nthe free flow of air from the nose. The symptoms of Nasal congestion and sinus\npressure are nasal discharge, sinus pain, cough and congestion, head ache, bad\nbreathe, fever, loss of smell and swollen nasal tissue.\n\n## Causes for Nasal Congestion:\n\nYou may think that only a cold or bad weather can cause this infection. But,\nthere can be many other causes for Nasal or Sinus congestion, some of them\ninclude:\n\n * Exposure to cold temperature\n * Drug addiction\n * Allergies caused by food, pet hair, milk, medication, smoke etc\n * Dust suffocation\n * Strong fragrances\n * Pregnancy\n * Addiction to smoking\n * Influenza\n * Spicy food\n\nMost people with sinus infection face this congestion, which makes it hard for\nthem to breathe. Long usage of medical sprays and drops can worsen this\ncondition. Though there are many painful treatments to clear up nasal\ncongestion, acupuncture has some simple methods to help relieve sinus\ncongestion naturally. To cure nasal congestion, you don’t need to use medical\nequipments, just use the right pressure points. Check out these best pressure\npoints to cure sinus congestion faster.\n\nDon’t Miss: Mobility Exercises to Treat Reflexology to Others and Yourself\n\n#### Nose Warmth:\n\nWarm your hands by rubbing them together. Now with the palm of your right hand\nrub the tip of your nose. Use a circular motion to warm the nose, do this 20\ntimes. Repeat the same in the opposite direction. If you are suffering with\nstuffy nose, sinus congestion or nasal blockage, repeat this procedure at\nleast 5 times a day. This will not only reduce the congestion but also works\nas a preventative from further blockage.\n\nImage: dooce.com\n\n#### Thumb and Index Finger:\n\nFor sinus problem and severe pain, use this technique. Hold the joint between\nthumb and the index finger, press is hard. Hold it in this position for two\nminutes. This will reduce the irritation and pain in the nose.\n\nImage: newhottopics.com\n\nPoint to be noted: Pregnant women should not press this point as its\nstimulation is said to cause premature contractions in the uterus.\n\n#### Bridge of Nose Massage:\n\nThe joint near the bridge of the nose and eye socket is the area most affected\nwith nasal congestion. Press both the areas near the eye sockets with the tips\nof your thumbs for 5 minutes. You can work on both these pressure points\nseparately (one after another). However pressing these points together creates\nmore pressure. If the pressure is applied properly you will get rid of the\nmucus in no time. You will also feel relieved from the pain and congestion.\n\nImage: Wikihow.com\n\n#### Nostril edge:\n\nPlace your index fingers on the edge of both the nostrils; you can feel your\ncheek bone. This is the pressure point most commonly used in acupuncture to\ncure sinus congestion. Press this point with pressure for at least 4 minutes.\nRepeat this process several times. If it is properly pressed, it begins to\nflush out the blockage giving you a free flow of air in the nostrils.\n\n#### Base of Skull:\n\nHold your head in your hands. Place your thumbs right behind your ears. Feel\nyour skull with the thumbs and come to the base of it. Now your thumbs should\nbe behind your ears and at the base of the skull. Press these two pressure\npoints deeply and rub them for two minutes. Continue this process daily to\nreduce and prevent nasal congestion, cold and head ache.\n\nImage: webmd.com\n\n#### Hollow Point:\n\nOn the back of your head where the neck and head are joined, you will find a\nlarge hollow space. Point A marked in the given image. Place your middle\nfinger on it and apply pressure for 4 minutes. Observe the changes that occur\nin your nose. Along with curing nasal congestion it also helps to reduce\nheadaches and mental stress.\n\nImage: Herbalshop.com\n\n#### Collar Bone:\n\nPlace your middle finger in the hollow areas below the collar bones and above\nthe upper breast bone. Press these pressure points for 5 minutes to prevent\nsinus infection and to boost your immune system.\n\nImage: yangtown.com\n\nThese points and techniques are not laid down only for people suffering from\nnasal congestion. They can be used by others who would like to prevent being\nvictims of flu, cold, hay fever and sinus. Flu is very dangerous and many have\nbeen affected by it. Anyone can be a victim, old people, babies and even\nteenagers.\n\nDon’t Miss: Reflexology Training at Your Home\n\nAs heard before, prevention is better than cure. Acupuncture can make a big\ndifference to your life if you practice it properly. The body is very\nsensitive and the bacteria that enter into it can be very dangerous. The anti-\nbodies present inside, try to prevent the body from diseases. Early\nprecautions and care can make all the difference. Whenever your hands are free\ntry to put these techniques to practice and avoid sinus congestion.\n\n20 comments\n\n0\n\nFacebookTwitterPinterestEmail\n\n##### Devi Gajendran\n\nDevi Gajendran is a Post Graduate in Nutrition (University of Madras, Tamil\nNadu) and has tons of experience in Fitness and Nutrition. She is the chief\nadvisor and contributes to Modern Reflexology website and has her final say on\nall the segments under reflexology, acupressure points, acupuncture and so on.\nA holistic health advocator she believes that the combination of holistic\npractices can work wonders. When she is not sharing her valuable piece of\nknowledge about Reflexology she loves indulging in her hobby, dancing. She\nbelieves in driving away the blues with dancing. Her mantra is simple, stay\ncalm and practice Reflexology.\n\nprevious post\n\n##### 5 Best Reflexology Exercises for Back Pain – Acupressure Points\n\nnext post\n\n##### Reflexology Points to Control Diabetes – Natural Acupressure Treatment\n\n#### You may also like\n\n### 11 Acupuncture Points that provide Neuroprotective Effects Against...\n\nApril 13, 2018\n\n### Acupressure for Trigeminal Neuralgia – 8 Nutritional Tips for...\n\nApril 5, 2018\n\n### Chinese Reflexology Therapy for Chronic Lyme Disease treatment\n\nMarch 29, 2018\n\n### How Acupuncture Helps Various Kinds of Painful Conditions\n\nJanuary 16, 2018\n\n### How These 8 Acupuncture Points Help You Quit...\n\nJanuary 5, 2018\n\n### Why is Acupuncture known as a Form of...\n\nDecember 29, 2017\n\n### How Acupuncture Helps in Treating Acne, Eczema, and...\n\nDecember 15, 2017\n\n### Get Rid of Season Allergies with these 9...\n\nNovember 30, 2017\n\n### The Power of Reflexology- A Perfect Treatment for...\n\nNovember 28, 2017\n\n### Everything about Treating Piles with Acupressure and Acupuncture...\n\nOctober 22, 2017\n\n#### 20 comments\n\nAndrew February 6, 2014 - 10:33 PM\n\nAcupressure is a very good technique. I have tried it several times and it\ngives me immense relief. Your article was spot-on, thanks for sharing these\ntips 🙂\n\nReply\n\nBipasha Mukherjee June 7, 2014 - 5:18 PM\n\nThank you for liking our work.\n\nReply\n\nMona Sunish June 27, 2016 - 3:32 PM\n\nDear Bipasha Kindly help My 8 year old son is seriously suffering from\nallergic symptoms which generally triggers when he is about to sleep. He will\nhave severe itching in nose, eyes and the nose passage will block. Since years\nwe are spending sleepless nights. We have tried several allergy medicines and\nnasal sprays which i feel stops working after few doses are taken regularly. I\nam really worried for his sufferings and could not bare his pain. I will be\nhighly obliged for your help.\n\nReply\n\nGopi Krishna August 2, 2016 - 8:55 PM\n\nActivate the following points- 1. In the hollow below the collarbone next to\nthe breastbone. 2. On the top, outer end of the elbow crease. 3. Two finger\nwidths directly below the belly button.Four finger widths below the kneecap on\nthe outside of the leg.4. On the top of the foot in the valley between the big\ntoe and the second toe. Stimulating these points will help you to get rid of\nallergies.\n\nReply\n\nAmit Gaikwad April 5, 2014 - 10:53 PM\n\nGreat and informative and useful article. I tried some of these acupressure\nmethods after reading and got relief....God bless you !\n\nReply\n\nhardeep singg September 21, 2014 - 2:50 PM\n\nThis inf is very helpful for us . Can pl suggest acc points for eye sight for\nmy 3 & half year old child Guransh kaur regards H S\n\nReply\n\nBipasha Mukherjee March 20, 2015 - 5:04 PM\n\nThe acupressure points mentioned in this article will help in providing better\neyesight https://www.modernreflexology.com/7-best-acupressure-points-for-\nbetter-eye-sight/\n\nReply\n\nLindsey January 19, 2015 - 5:11 PM\n\nthank you for the information. I’m pregnant and congested all the time and\nhaving trouble sleeping. I hope these tips help.\n\nReply\n\nNicole June 5, 2015 - 5:33 AM\n\nThank you for these. I had such bad congestion that not even a sinus rinse\nwould pass. No kidding that 10 minutes after doing these techniques, I passed\na large mucus and was able to breathe again! Miraculous!\n\nReply\n\nReena July 21, 2015 - 12:35 PM\n\ncan u please tell me sinus in my gums so having pain ans sweeling accuoressure\npoint to get relief\n\nReply\n\nDebbie July 29, 2015 - 3:26 AM\n\nI’ve been suffering from a sinus headache for two days now. These tips are\nmaking a tremendous difference. Thank you for sharing them.\n\nReply\n\nJuanita September 7, 2015 - 2:44 PM\n\nYour information is very useful and informative. My daughter gets a sore\nthroat almost every month. Which acupressure points can you advise me to use\nthat would really take care of this problem. Thanks!\n\nReply\n\nsilvia October 29, 2015 - 10:30 AM\n\nThank good help god bless you with this information.\n\nReply\n\njenelyn m.alapan November 30, 2015 - 2:49 PM\n\nthank you ,it helps a lot in curing diseases\n\nReply\n\nPooja Padmakumar December 9, 2015 - 3:22 PM\n\nThank you so much .....this really helped me cure myself !!! Its amazing 🙂\n\nReply\n\nGopi Krishna July 30, 2016 - 7:08 PM\n\nThanks for appreciating!\n\nReply\n\nMona Sunish June 27, 2016 - 3:34 PM\n\nDear Bipasha Kindly help My 8 year old son is seriously suffering from\nallergic symptoms which generally triggers when he is about to sleep. He will\nhave severe itching in nose, eyes and the nose passage will block. Since years\nwe are spending sleepless nights. We have tried several allergy medicines and\nnasal sprays which i feel stops working after few doses are taken regularly. I\nam really worried for his sufferings and could not bare his pain. I will be\nhighly obliged for your help.\n\nReply\n\nGopi Krishna July 30, 2016 - 7:07 PM\n\nhttps://www.modernreflexology.com/curing-nasal-congestion-with-acupressure-\npoints/ Follow this article for some respite.\n\nReply\n\nharman cheema July 26, 2016 - 7:56 PM\n\nI feel some mucus (balgam) continuously flowing through my throat ....it is\ncalled najla in hindi ...what can I do to cure this ?\n\nReply\n\nGopi Krishna July 30, 2016 - 4:51 PM\n\nTwo useful acupressure points for clearing excess phlegm are Liv3, a liver\npoint, and K27, a kidney point, . Liv3 sits on each foot, between the bones of\nthe big toe and second toe, where they join the foot. Use your thumb to push\ninto the space between these bones, pressing down and toward the ankle. Feel\nfor a tender spot. Massage and hold the point with firm pressure until it is\nno longer painful. Do both sides, then move to K27. Follow your collarbone in\ntoward the center, where it joins the breastbone. K27 rests in the hollow\nunderneath the collarbone. Raise your shoulder to make the collarbone protrude\nif you can’t find the hollow. Massage, then press and hold the less tender\nside, then work on the more tender side, until the point no longer feels sore.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel Reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * #### Acupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\n\n * #### 6 Health Benefits of Traditional Thai Massage\n\n * #### 6 Acupuncture Points for Hemifacial Spasm Treatment\n\n * #### 8 Best Acupuncture Points A Potential Treatment For Tourette’s Syndrome (TS)\n\n * #### Effective Acupuncture Points for Treating Depression Naturally\n\n#### Connect with Modern Reflexology\n\n#### Popular Posts\n\n * 1\n\n#### 12 Potent Acupressure Points to Cure Vertigo, Dizziness, and Fainting\n\n * 2\n\n#### 10 Potent Acupressure Points to Treat Swelling, Water Retention, and\nEdema\n\n * 3\n\n#### 9 Best Acupressure Points to Treat Digestive Problems\n\n * 4\n\n#### 12 Effective Acupressure Points to Relieve Hip and Lower Back Pain\n\n * 5\n\n#### 4 Acupressure Points to Treat Sciatica Pain – Largest Nerve\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Random Posts\n\n * #### How to Get Rid of a Stuffy Nose with Acupressure Points & Home Remedies\n\n * #### How Acupuncture Helps Various Kinds of Painful Conditions\n\n * #### Acupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\n\n#### Popular Posts – Reflexology\n\n * #### How to Get Relief from Nausea with Acupressure Points\n\n * #### Do Reflexology Massages Really Work? – Why Are They So Important?\n\n * #### The Difference Between the Treatment Approaches of Reflexology and Reiki\n\n#### you may also like\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * Pinterest\n\n * Home\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy – ModernReflexology\n\n@2021 - All Right Reserved.\n\nBack To Top\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.sudafed.com:80/know/sinus-pain-headache-pressure", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151201082022/http://www.sudafed.com:80/know/sinus-pain-headache-pressure", "parsed_text": { "title": "Sinus Pain & Pressure Symptom Relief", "passages": [ "Your sinuses are four pairs of air-filled spaces connected to your nasal passages. When working normally, the sinuses help humidify air as you breathe in and produce mucus that helps trap bacteria and foreign particles (like pollen).", "But when nasal passageways become blocked (often due to irritated tissues), mucus that normally drains away can build up. Swollen nasal passages and mucus build-up are the usual causes of sinus congestion and pressure.", "behind your cheekbones, between the bottom of your eyes, and the top of your upper jaw, about the size of a large walnut", "Sinus congestion and pressure are difficult to ignore. The feeling of “fullness” is caused by the blockage of sinuses, as opposed to nasal congestion. Most feel the blockage in the cheeks and often find it difficult if not impossible to breathe through their nose.", "The feeling of “fullness” is caused by the blockage of sinuses. Most feel the blockage in the cheeks and often find it difficult to breathe through their nose.", "Water may help thin mucus, and thin mucus is more likely to drain. When you feel your sinus problems beginning, start hydrating.", "The extra moisture helps keep nasal passages moist and helps with drainage. Anything from a hot shower to carefully inhaling steam from boiling water can help you feel better.", "You may not be able to jump in the shower in the middle of the day. So the steam from a hot beverage or a bowl of soup can be quick sources of steam.", "This medicine works by shrinking swollen tissues and allowing mucus to drain. The main available decongestants are pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine.", "© Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. This site is published by Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., McNeil Consumer Healthcare Division, which is solely responsible for its contents. This website is intended for visitors from the United States. Questions and comments? Call 1-888-217-2117, Monday to Friday, 8am to 8pm EST. This site may contain links to websites to which our Privacy Policy does not apply. We encourage you to read the privacy policy of every website you visit.", "By registering, you agree to receive additional communications regarding product information, promotions, newsletters and surveys from our site. If you choose to register with a social provider, certain information will be shared by your social provider with our site.", "By submitting your information above, you agree that the information you provide will be governed by our site's Privacy Policy.", "This is what will be displayed publicly to other users when you write a review or blog post. If you do not specify a display name, your given name will be used.", "By submitting your information above, you agree that the information you provide will be governed by our site's Privacy Policy.", "By submitting your information above, you agree that the information you provide will be governed by our site's Privacy Policy.", "Looks like you have an existing account with us. We have made some changes to our site and we need you to create a new password in order to login. Click send to recieve an email with instructions on how to create your new password." ] }, "parsed_md": "Sinus Pain & Pressure Symptom Relief | SUDAFED®\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## Search\n\nSearch\n\n## You are here\n\nHome>Know Your Sinuses>Congestion\n\n# CONGESTION\n\n * Congestion\n * Pressure and Pain\n * Allergies\n * Colds and Coughs\n * Sinus Tips\n * Your Sinus Routine\n * How Our Products Work\n * Dosage Information\n * At the Store\n * More Serious Sinus Problems\n\n## CAUSES OF SINUS CONGESTION AND PRESSURE\n\nYour sinuses are four pairs of air-filled spaces connected to your nasal\npassages. When working normally, the sinuses help humidify air as you breathe\nin and produce mucus that helps trap bacteria and foreign particles (like\npollen).\n\nBut when nasal passageways become blocked (often due to irritated tissues),\nmucus that normally drains away can build up. Swollen nasal passages and mucus\nbuild-up are the usual causes of sinus congestion and pressure.\n\n## WHICH SINUSES ARE CAUSING YOUR SINUS PAIN?\n\n### Frontal\n\nin your forehead, vary greatly in size\n\n### Ethmoid\n\nbehind your nose and between your eyes, about the size of a matchbox\n\n### Maxillary\n\nbehind your cheekbones, between the bottom of your eyes, and the top of your\nupper jaw, about the size of a large walnut\n\n### Sphenoid\n\ndeep in your head behind your nose, about the size of a large grape\n\n## SYMPTOMS OF SINUS CONGESTION\n\nSinus congestion and pressure are difficult to ignore. The feeling of\n“fullness” is caused by the blockage of sinuses, as opposed to nasal\ncongestion. Most feel the blockage in the cheeks and often find it difficult\nif not impossible to breathe through their nose.\n\nThe feeling of “fullness” is caused by the blockage of sinuses. Most feel the\nblockage in the cheeks and often find it difficult to breathe through their\nnose.\n\n## TIPS FOR SINUS CONGESTION RELIEF\n\n### Drink water.\n\nWater may help thin mucus, and thin mucus is more likely to drain. When you\nfeel your sinus problems beginning, start hydrating.\n\n### Wrap it up.\n\nApplying a warm towel to your head may relieve some pressure by easing swollen\ntissues.\n\n### Steam your sinuses.\n\nThe extra moisture helps keep nasal passages moist and helps with drainage.\nAnything from a hot shower to carefully inhaling steam from boiling water can\nhelp you feel better.\n\n### Steam on the go.\n\nYou may not be able to jump in the shower in the middle of the day. So the\nsteam from a hot beverage or a bowl of soup can be quick sources of steam.\n\n### Consider taking a decongestant.\n\nThis medicine works by shrinking swollen tissues and allowing mucus to drain.\nThe main available decongestants are pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine.\n\n * Congestion\n * Pressure and Pain\n * Allergies\n * Colds and Coughs\n * Sinus Tips\n * Your Sinus Routine\n * How Our Products Work\n * Dosage Information\n * At the Store\n * More Serious Sinus Problems\n\n### SAVE ON SINUS PRODUCTS\n\nSave $1.00 on any SUDAFED® product.\n\nGo\n\nBack to Top\n\n© Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. 2015. All rights reserved. This site is\npublished by Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., McNeil Consumer Healthcare\nDivision, which is solely responsible for its contents. This website is\nintended for visitors from the United States. Questions and comments? Call\n1-888-217-2117, Monday to Friday, 8am to 8pm EST. 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Enter search terms and tap the Search button. Both articles and products will be searched.", "If you subscribe to any of our print newsletters and have never activated your online account, please activate your account below for online access. By activating your account, you will create a login and password. You only need to activate your account once.", "If you've ever had a cold that just wouldn't go away, it may have been sinusitis — an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, the cavities within the bones that surround the nose. The sinuses are lined with a thin membrane that produces mucus, which is normally swept along by hair cells and drains through small openings into the nasal cavity. Sinusitis (also called rhinosinusitis) starts when this drainage system becomes blocked, usually from swelling due to inflammation caused by infection or allergy. Soon, your head hurts, you feel facial pressure or pain, and thick mucus clogs your nose. The symptoms may clear on their own, but often they persist or repeatedly return.", "There are millions of bacteria in our noses, and most of the time, they're harmless. Even when a few creep into the sinuses, they don't cause trouble, as long as they keep draining into the nose along with mucus. But if sinus drainage is blocked, glands in the sinuses continue to produce mucus, and the resulting pool of backed-up mucus provides \"the perfect culture medium.\" The bacteria grow out of control, causing infection, and the immune system kicks off an inflammatory response. The result: swelling, which causes headache and facial pain; mucus buildup, which produces congestion; and an influx of white blood cells to fight the bacteria, which thickens the mucus and may tint it yellow or green. Other symptoms include loss of smell or taste, cough, bad breath, fever, toothache, and fullness in the ears.", "Treatment begins with simple remedies, such as nasal irrigation and, if necessary, progresses to more advanced strategies, such as prescription drug therapy or surgery. Most people with acute sinusitis get better without treatment, although you can ease the symptoms and reduce the likelihood of needing stronger medicine if you keep your nasal passages clear with a few low-tech preventive techniques (see \"Preventing sinusitis\"). It's hard to predict who will develop chronic sinusitis, but knowing more about the two main types can help you decide how to treat your symptoms and when to see a clinician. Here are the basics:", "Acute sinusitis. Acute sinusitis usually starts with a cold. Viruses, not bacteria, cause colds, so it's useless to treat them with antibiotics. But when a cold turns into sinusitis, it means that blocked nasal passages have set off a secondary infection caused by bacteria and you may eventually need an antibiotic. If symptoms are severe and last for more than a week, you may want to see your primary care clinician. If you do have sinusitis, you may be prescribed an antibiotic, especially if preventive drainage strategies aren't helping.", "For the pain, try a warm compress on your face, or inhale steam (see \"Preventing sinusitis\"). An over-the-counter pain reliever such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophen can also relieve facial pain, as well as headache and fever.", "Chronic sinusitis. If symptoms linger or keep returning, you may have chronic sinusitis, a more complex disorder that calls for evaluation by an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist", "Nasal irrigation and decongestants can help in the treatment of chronic sinusitis by keeping mucus loose and nasal passages clear. The mucus-thinning agent guaifenesin (Mucinex) is another option. Nasal steroids may be added to help counter inflammation. Oral steroids are also effective, especially in reducing large polyps, but they can have serious long-term effects, such as weakened bones and greater susceptibility to infection.", "Sometimes the main problem is anatomical, such as nasal polyps, a deviated septum, congenitally narrowed paranasal passages, or tissue thickened by years of infection. In this case, minimally invasive surgery may help, reducing the number and severity of sinus infections and sometimes restoring normal sinus function.", "There are many things you can do to reduce your chance of developing sinusitis or to relieve early sinusitis symptoms. Here are some suggestions:", "Bathe your nasal passages daily. Run water gently into the nasal passages to help clear excess mucus and moisten membranes. Good times to do it are in the morning and at night, when you brush your teeth.", "Inhale steam. Linger in a hot shower. Or bring water to a boil, and pour it into a pan; place a towel over your head, and carefully bend over the pan to inhale the steam.", "Avoid dry environments. A humidifier in your home (and where you work can help prevent nasal passages from drying out.", "Sleep with your head elevated. Mucus pools in your sinuses at night when your head is down, so have your head propped up during sleep.", "Be nice to your nose. Blow your nose gently, one nostril at a time. Forceful blowing can irritate the nasal passages and propel bacteria-laden mucus back up into your sinuses.", "Be careful with decongestants. Tablets containing pseudoephedrine act on blood vessels to shrink membranes and keep nasal passages open. Nasal sprays also work well — and quickly. But using topical nasal decongestants for more than a day or two runs the risk of setting off a spiral of dependency as a result of rebound — increased swelling after the medication wears off. Oral decongestants can cause jitters and increase blood pressure, so if you have high blood pressure, don't use them without consulting a clinician first.", "Disclaimer: As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.", "Your body needs a steady supply of fluid to make up for what's lost when you exhale, sweat, and urinate. Hydration is a day-long process. Water is the best replacement fluid. It has 100% of what you need — pure H_2O — and no calories or additives." ] }, "parsed_md": "What to do about sinusitis - Harvard Health\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Search\n * Cart\n * Admin\n\nHEALTH TOPICS ▼\n\n## Search Harvard Health Publishing\n\nWhat can we help you find? Enter search terms and tap the Search button. Both\narticles and products will be searched.\n\n## Shopping Cart\n\nDescription| Qty| Price \n---|---|--- \nThe Harvard Medical School 6-Week Plan for Healthy Eating (Print - Free U.S.\nShipping!)| $20.00 \nImproving Memory: Understanding Age-Related Memory Loss (PDF - Lowest Price!)|\n$18.00 \nHarvard Health Letter (Print & Online Access (PDF)!)| $16.00 \nSubtotal| $54.00 \n \nUpdate Cart\n\nCheckout\n\nPlease note: If you have a promotional code you'll be prompted to enter it\nprior to confirming your order.\n\n## Customer Sign In\n\n#### Returning Customer\n\nIf you have an account, please sign in.\n\n#### New Customers\n\nIf you subscribe to any of our print newsletters and have never activated your\nonline account, please activate your account below for online access. By\nactivating your account, you will create a login and password. You only need\nto activate your account once.\n\nActivate My Account\n\n * Library\n * Manage Print Subscriptions\n * Edit Account Settings\n * Customer Service\n * Sign Out\n\n#### Pay Your Bill Online\n\nPay My Bill »\n\nPay My Bill »\n\n# What to do about sinusitis\n\nPublished: April, 2009\n\nIf you've ever had a cold that just wouldn't go away, it may have been\nsinusitis — an inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, the cavities within the\nbones that surround the nose. The sinuses are lined with a thin membrane that\nproduces mucus, which is normally swept along by hair cells and drains through\nsmall openings into the nasal cavity. Sinusitis (also called rhinosinusitis)\nstarts when this drainage system becomes blocked, usually from swelling due to\ninflammation caused by infection or allergy. Soon, your head hurts, you feel\nfacial pressure or pain, and thick mucus clogs your nose. The symptoms may\nclear on their own, but often they persist or repeatedly return.\n\n## What triggers sinusitis?\n\nThere are millions of bacteria in our noses, and most of the time, they're\nharmless. Even when a few creep into the sinuses, they don't cause trouble, as\nlong as they keep draining into the nose along with mucus. But if sinus\ndrainage is blocked, glands in the sinuses continue to produce mucus, and the\nresulting pool of backed-up mucus provides \"the perfect culture medium.\" The\nbacteria grow out of control, causing infection, and the immune system kicks\noff an inflammatory response. The result: swelling, which causes headache and\nfacial pain; mucus buildup, which produces congestion; and an influx of white\nblood cells to fight the bacteria, which thickens the mucus and may tint it\nyellow or green. Other symptoms include loss of smell or taste, cough, bad\nbreath, fever, toothache, and fullness in the ears.\n\n## Treating sinusitis\n\nTreatment begins with simple remedies, such as nasal irrigation and, if\nnecessary, progresses to more advanced strategies, such as prescription drug\ntherapy or surgery. Most people with acute sinusitis get better without\ntreatment, although you can ease the symptoms and reduce the likelihood of\nneeding stronger medicine if you keep your nasal passages clear with a few\nlow-tech preventive techniques (see \"Preventing sinusitis\"). It's hard to\npredict who will develop chronic sinusitis, but knowing more about the two\nmain types can help you decide how to treat your symptoms and when to see a\nclinician. Here are the basics:\n\nAcute sinusitis. Acute sinusitis usually starts with a cold. Viruses, not\nbacteria, cause colds, so it's useless to treat them with antibiotics. But\nwhen a cold turns into sinusitis, it means that blocked nasal passages have\nset off a secondary infection caused by bacteria and you may eventually need\nan antibiotic. If symptoms are severe and last for more than a week, you may\nwant to see your primary care clinician. If you do have sinusitis, you may be\nprescribed an antibiotic, especially if preventive drainage strategies aren't\nhelping.\n\nFor the pain, try a warm compress on your face, or inhale steam (see\n\"Preventing sinusitis\"). An over-the-counter pain reliever such as aspirin,\nibuprofen, or acetaminophen can also relieve facial pain, as well as headache\nand fever.\n\nChronic sinusitis. If symptoms linger or keep returning, you may have chronic\nsinusitis, a more complex disorder that calls for evaluation by an ear, nose,\nand throat (ENT) specialist\n\nNasal irrigation and decongestants can help in the treatment of chronic\nsinusitis by keeping mucus loose and nasal passages clear. The mucus-thinning\nagent guaifenesin (Mucinex) is another option. Nasal steroids may be added to\nhelp counter inflammation. Oral steroids are also effective, especially in\nreducing large polyps, but they can have serious long-term effects, such as\nweakened bones and greater susceptibility to infection.\n\nSometimes the main problem is anatomical, such as nasal polyps, a deviated\nseptum, congenitally narrowed paranasal passages, or tissue thickened by years\nof infection. In this case, minimally invasive surgery may help, reducing the\nnumber and severity of sinus infections and sometimes restoring normal sinus\nfunction.\n\n## Preventing sinusitis\n\nThere are many things you can do to reduce your chance of developing sinusitis\nor to relieve early sinusitis symptoms. Here are some suggestions:\n\nBathe your nasal passages daily. Run water gently into the nasal passages to\nhelp clear excess mucus and moisten membranes. Good times to do it are in the\nmorning and at night, when you brush your teeth.\n\nDrink lots of water. Good hydration helps keep the mucus thin and loose.\n\nInhale steam. Linger in a hot shower. Or bring water to a boil, and pour it\ninto a pan; place a towel over your head, and carefully bend over the pan to\ninhale the steam.\n\nAvoid dry environments. A humidifier in your home (and where you work can help\nprevent nasal passages from drying out.\n\nSleep with your head elevated. Mucus pools in your sinuses at night when your\nhead is down, so have your head propped up during sleep.\n\nBe nice to your nose. Blow your nose gently, one nostril at a time. Forceful\nblowing can irritate the nasal passages and propel bacteria-laden mucus back\nup into your sinuses.\n\nAvoid antihistamines unless prescribed. Antihistamines make mucus thick and\nhard to drain.\n\nBe careful with decongestants. Tablets containing pseudoephedrine act on blood\nvessels to shrink membranes and keep nasal passages open. Nasal sprays also\nwork well — and quickly. But using topical nasal decongestants for more than a\nday or two runs the risk of setting off a spiral of dependency as a result of\nrebound — increased swelling after the medication wears off. Oral\ndecongestants can cause jitters and increase blood pressure, so if you have\nhigh blood pressure, don't use them without consulting a clinician first.\n\nApril 2009 update\n\n### Share this page:\n\n * Share this page to Facebook\n * Share this page to Twitter\n * Share this page to Google Plus\n * Email this page\n\n### Print this page:\n\n * Print this page\n\nDisclaimer: As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides\naccess to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review\nor update on all articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should\never be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or\nother qualified clinician.\n\n * #### Related Articles\n\n * No coughing matter\n * What to give a baby for a cold\n * When to contact your doctor about flu symptoms\n * That nagging cough\n * Influenza alert: When you need an antiviral boost\n * How to boost your immune system\n\n * #### Related Topics\n\n * Staying Healthy\n * Cold & Flu\n\n#### Subscriptions\n\n * Pay My Bill\n * Access Digital Subscriptions\n * Subscribe\n * Customer Service\n\n#### Online Learning Courses\n\n * Cognitive Fitness\n * Controlling Your Blood Pressure\n * Back Pain\n * Improving Your Memory\n * Starting to Exercise\n * 6-Week Plan For Healthy Eating\n * Already enrolled? 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How To Use a Magic Wand
To use your magic wand, first charge it by transmitting energy to it through your hands or another source like natural moonlight or a pyramid charger. When you’re ready to use your wand, vigorously rub your hands together for around 10 seconds to open your energy pathways so energy can flow from your center to your wand. Once you’re done, grip the wand with your dominant hand in whatever way feels comfortable. Before you cast a spell, focus your intention so you can be clear about what you’re planning. With this in mind, make simple strokes with your wand to physically express your intention. You can also sing out an incantation as you use your wand to send out more vibrations into the universe.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210919222847/http://www.esotericarchives.com/wands/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211102094539/https://www.mindat.org/min-5527.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20191217171802/http://www.old-earth.com:80/article-wands.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414233905/https://magic-spells-and-potions.com/all_magic.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170630030407/http://www.magicwandsofwizardry.com:80/magic-wands_024.htm" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.esotericarchives.com/wands/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210919222847/http://www.esotericarchives.com/wands/", "parsed_text": { "title": "The magic wand", "passages": [ "The use of the magic wand can be traced back to proto-Indo-European times, as shown by its appearance in both Zoroastrianism as well the early Hinduism.", "The magi of the ancient world were the priesthood of the Zoroastrian religion. As Plato noted, magic (mageia) refers to \"the Magian lore of Zoroaster\" ( Alchibiades 1.122). The baresman (Phl. barsom), or sacred bundle of twigs (or \"slender wands\"), is a ritual implement which has played an important part in Zoroastrian religious practices since prehistoric times. According to Kotwal and Boyd, the baresman is an \"ancient Indo-Iranian emblem of seeking the Holy\", and it \"establishes a connecting link between this getig [material] world and the menog [spiritual] realm. The barsom is, as it were, the conduit through which the archetypal principles and powers manifest their presence and receive the offerings.\" (A Persian offering, 1991, p. 6, 10; words in square brackets are mine). It is also an instrument through which one acquires the sacred power (op. cit. p. 23). Perhaps then it is also a conduit for channeling the power outwards, and thus is a prototypical 'magic wand'. The baresman is traditionally made of tamarisk trigs, although in modern times metal rods have been substituted.", "Dino, a contemporary of Philip refers to the use of the barsom for divination, which is also supported by the Denkard. (Modi 1922, RCC, p. 280.)", "A stick with nine knots is used during the nine-nights' purification (barashnom). The knots are barriers against pollution and evil influences. (Vd9.14, compare Key of Solomon Book 2, chapters 4, 5, and 13.)", "In Zoroastrianism we also find the mace used. This is now referred to as gurz (from Avestan vazra, Sanskrit vajra.) It is used as a spiritual weapon to drive off evil.", "The use of the baresman by the magi was well known to Greek writers and is mentioned by Strabo and Phoenix of Colophon (280 B.C.), cited in Athenaeus. The magic wand was also known among the ancient Greeks and Romans.", "Like the Zoroasrian magi, the ancient Roman Flamines or fire-priests, also carried such bundles of twigs in their hands. (Modi RCC, 1922, p. 280).", "Pliny and Apuleius both attest to their use. Homer (in the Odyssey 11.14ff) and Virgil both describe the archetypical sorceress, Circe, as using a magical wand. The relevant passage in Virgil was noted by Agrippa in his Occult Philosophy Book 1, chapter 41. It is also cited by Eliphas Levi Key of the Mysteries, part 4, chap 1.", "Betz' collection of Greek and Demotic magical papyri has examples of spells which include the use of a wand or staff. The spell PGM I.42-195, for example has the magician \"hold a branch of myrtle ... shaking it, [and salute] the goddess.\" (Betz, p. 5) Similarly PGM II.22, II.65 (Betz p. 13, 14)", "Iamblichus (c. A.D. 250-325), one of the more important Neoplatonic philosophers, discussed magic in general in his On the Mysteries. In it he mentions the prophetess holding a staff or wand, invoking the divinity. (Mysteries of the Egyptians, chapter 7.) Agrippa also cites this passage in OP3.48.", "Early manuscripts of magic (grimoires) have many references to the use and importance of the wand in western magic. There are two similar ritual implements commonly described in magical literature: The staff (Latin baculus or bacculus; Italian bastone; French Le baton, bâton) and the wand (Latin Virga or virgulam; Ital. verga; German Stäbchen; French: La verge; In French manuscripts this is sometimes called viere, baguette, baguette magique, baguete, or bagette, also translated as rod). The staff is more the size of a walking stick; the wand is smaller and tapered:", "According to the Key of Solomon (Book 2 chapter 8): \"The staff should be of elderwood or cane, and the wand of hazel or nut tree, in all cases the wood being virgin, that is of one year's growth only. They should each be cut from the tree at a single stroke, on the day of Mercury (i.e. Wednesday), at sunrise. The characters shown should be written or engraved thereon in the day and hour of Mercury.\" (Mathers tr. revised by JHP)", "According to version F of the Almandal (cp Almadel), wands should be made of Anthyllis barba-jovis (Jove's beard) — an evergreen shrub native to the mediterranean region. They should be decorated with silk threads of appropriate color (green, white, red, or yellow).", "According to the Sworn Book of Honorius (Chap CXXXII), the magician's wand or staff is made of laurel or hazel, likewise of one year's growth (\"magister tenens baculum lauri vel coruli illius anni...\"). More details are provided in chapter CXXXIX:", "\"But the wand should have four sides. On one side should be written 'Adonay'; on the second side 'Sabaoth'; on the third, 'Hiskiros' (ισχυρος); on the fourth 'Emanuel.' On the middle of the wand, make the pentagon figure of Solomon, and where the wand is held, a cross, and thus it will be prepared for sacred and wonderful works.\" (My translation, not in Royal ms).", "\"the wand [lacuna of 6 em spaces, probably \"hazel\"] which should be at least eight or nine palms, whose end should be stripped on four sides. And those same four names of God should be written there, namely on the first side, Adonay; on the second, Sabaioth; on the third Ieschyruses; on the fourth, Emmanuel. In the middle, make this sign of mine, namely, the sigil. On the other end, where the hand holds it, make a cross.\"", "Abognazar specifies two types of bâton are needed for magical operations: one for operations of Venus (made of elder), and another for all other operations calling for a bâton.", "In Clavicules du Roi Salomon par Armadel, Livre III (Lansdowne MS. 1202), the \"key to the work\" is a triangular wand made of hazel.", "The Lesser Key of Solomon (Book 1: Goetia) recommends holding a hazel stick in the hand during the operation of Bileth, for upholding one's courage. This is based on Weyer \"baculum corili\" (hazel staff). The passage in Reginald Scot translates baculum as \"bat\", but it could mean rod, staff, or stick.", "In Le Grand Grimoire the main ritual implement is called la baguette mystérieuse, ou la Verge Foudroyante (the mysterious wand, or blasting rod) \"which causes the spirits to tremble; which God also used to arm his angel when Adam and Eve were driven out of the earthly paradise; wherewith, finally, he smote the rebellious angels, precipitating their ambitions into the most appalling gulfs by the power of this very rod -- of this rod which collects the clouds, disperses tempests, averts lightning, or precipitates each and all upon any portion of the earth at the pleasure of its director.\" (tr. Waite, BCM) It is made of \"wild hazel which has never borne fruit; its length should be nineteen and a half inches\" with a forked end and magnetized steel caps on the pointed ends.", "According to Franz Bardon (1909-1958), one of the most important occultists and magicians of the twentieth century, \"the most important aid in ritual magic is, and always will be, the magic wand.\"", "Grillot de Givry ( Witchcraft, Magic, and Alchemy, p. 308) shows a magical operation which features a \"wand of poplar-wood, 'half without bark'.\"", "Acacia| According to Franz Bardon, \"the wood of an oak or an acacia, too, is an excellent material for making a magic wand.\" ---|--- Almond| This wood is specificed in the Book of the Sacred Magic of Abramelin the Mage. The wand of the magician may be made of any nut wood according to the Key of Solomon. According to Agrippa (OP1.26), almond and other woods of nut trees are associated with the planet Jupiter. Levi recommends the magic wand be made of almond or hazel. Anthyllis barba-jovis (Jove's beard)| According to version F of the Solomonic magic text Almandal. The wands should be wrapped with silk thread of appropriate color. Apple| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). The druidic wizard Mannanàn Mac Lir carried a wand of apple ( Peter Berresford Ellis, A Brief History of the Druids, New York, Carroll & Graf, 2002, p. 249.). Ash| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). According to Franz Bardon, a magic wand made of ash is especially to be used in healing people. Yates recounts details of an Irish \"fairy doctor\" -- one whose mystical power is received from fairies -- who observed many traditional practices, including carrying a wand of ash during prayer. Bay| (See laurel.) Beech| Sacred to Jupiter (per Agrippa, OP1.26). Box| According to the Key of Solomon box and oak have \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Jupiter. According to Agrippa (OP2.14) and the Magical Calendar, this is a sacred tree associated with the zodiacal sign of Libra and the Orphic deity Vulcan. Buckthorn| Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Aquarius (MC). Cane (L. arundo donax)| The staff of the magician may be made of cane according to the Key of Solomon. Cedar| According to the Key of Solomon cornel and cedar have \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Mars. Chestnut| Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Leo (MC). Cornel| See dogwood. Cypress| Used to make a magic circle for the experiment of the Black Hen (Fr. poule noire, It. gallina nera) found in several grimoires. Dogwood (cornel)| According to the Key of Solomon cornel (dogwood) and cedar have \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Mars. The Munich manual has a divination operation which uses a knife with a handle of dogwood (de cornu nigro uel albo). Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Scorpio (MC). Ebony| Ebony is named as the wood of Hermes in one ancient Greek spell (Faraone, p. 202.) This wood is specified by Trithemius in his treatise on invoking angels to appear in a crystal. The Egyptian king Nectanebus used a rod or wand of ebony along with magic formulae to animate models of his enemies and attack them. (Budge, 1930, p. 488; 1971, p. 92.) An Ebony wand is used in the Graeco-Egyptian spell PGM I.335 (Betz p. 12). Elder or elderberry (L. sambucus)| The staff of the magician may be made of elder according to the Key of Solomon. Grimorium Verum specifies a wand of elder should be used in preparing the parchment, and is also used in preparing the pentacles and magic rings. According to the method of Abognazar a special staff of elder is used for operations of Venus only. According to Franz Bardon, \"the wand made of elder-wood, proves, on account of its analogy to Saturn, especially efficient when calling up or evoking elemental spirits and demons.\" Elm| Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Pisces (MC). Fig, White| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). Hazel| Multiple sources attest the use of Hazel for the magic wand, including the Key of Solomon, Weyer, Goetia, Grand Grimoire, and Levi. According to the Sworn Book of Honorius (Chap CXXXII), the magician's wand or staff is made of laurel or hazel. Per Agrippa, sacred to Mercury, and also to Jupiter (OP1.26 and OP1.29). According to MC this is a sacred tree associated with the zodiacal sign of Cancer. According to the Key of Solomon hazel has \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Mercury. Grimorium Verum specifies wands of hazel and elder should be used in preparing the parchment. The Grand Grimoire includes a divining method using a hazel rod or wand. According to Bardon, \"hazelnut or willow are to be used for a wishing-wand. The wishing-wand is a modification of the magic wand.\" Holly| Holly is the whitest of all woods, and has been used in making piano keys. It was considered sacred by the druids, and played a part in the magic of the Greeks and Romans. It was especially suitable for divination. In early Europe, holly and other thorny plants were believed to repel all evil spirits. (Gale, p. 2.) The same apotropaic properties were noted by Pliny the Elder (23-79 CE). Holm-oak| Sacred to Jupiter (per Agrippa, OP1.26). A rod of this material is used in the operation of the magic garters, according to Abognazar. Horse chestnut| Sacred to Jupiter, according to Agrippa (OP1.26). Juniper| According to the Key of Solomon juniper and pine \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Saturn. Laurel|", "According to the Sworn Book of Honorius (Chap CXXXII), the magician's wand or staff is made of laurel or hazel. Wands of laurel are found in multiple spells in the Magical Papyri. Called \"Apollo's holy plant of presage\" and \"Phoibos' mistress\" (Betz pp. 15, 110, 112) A sprig of laurel held in the right hand is said to be a protective charm (PGM I, Betz op. cit. p. 10). Also used in Graeco-Egyptian spells PGM I.335, II.6, II.22 (Betz p. 12, 13). According to the Key of Solomon laurel has \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of the Sun. According to MC this is a sacred tree associated with the zodiacal sign of Gemini. On magical uses of laurel see also L. Deubner, Kleine Schriften zur Klassischen Altertumskunde (Königstein: Hain, 1982, p. 401-2.) According to Porphyry (On Images, fragment 8), laurel \"is full of fire, and therefore hated by daemons.\"", "According to Pseudo-Bacon, the magical scepter must be made of a bay (laurel) tree. (Ad. 36674, fol. 73r; Sloane 3850, fol. 98v; Wellcome 110, fol. 8r.)", "Myrtle| According to the Key of Solomon myrtle has \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Venus. Marvin Meyer's book Ancient Christian Magic includes a spell which involves a branch of myrtle held in the right hand (p. 272). The use of a Myrtle branch is also found in the Graeco-Egyptian spell mentioned above (Betz, p. 5.) According to MC this is a sacred tree associated with the zodiacal sign of Taurus. Oak| Sacred to Jupiter, according to Agrippa. According to the Key of Solomon box and oak have \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Jupiter. According to Franz Bardon, \"the wood of an oak or an acacia, too, is an excellent material for making a magic wand.\" Oleum| Sacred tree associated with Jupiter, according to Agrippa, OP1.26. Olive| Sacred to the Moon and Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.24, OP1.26). Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Aries (MC). Wands of olive are also found in the Greek Magical Papyri (e.g. Betz, p. 109.) According to Butler (p. 145) Casanova (1725-1798) used a magic wand made of olive wood, approximately 18 inches long. Palm| A twig of palm is held in the right hand during a ritual described in the Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses (T2). Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Sagittarius (MC). Pear| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Virgo (MC). Pine| According to the Key of Solomon juniper and pine \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Saturn. According to MC this is a sacred tree associated with the zodiacal sign of Capricorn. Plum| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). Pomegranate| This wood is also mentioned as acceptable for the baresman in Zoroastrian ritual. Poplar| Tree sacred to Jupiter, according to Agrippa. Grillot de Givry (Witchcraft, Magic & Alchemy, p. 308) shows a magical operation which features a \"wand of poplar-wood, 'half without bark'.\" Quince| This wood is specified for the staff of the magician according to La Vera Clavicola del Re Salomone. Rosewood| Mathers included rosewood in his translation of the Key of Solomon, however this was a mistranslation of the French word \"roseau\" (another word for cane or reed). Service tree| Sacred to Jupiter (per Agrippa, OP1.26). Tamarisk| Zoroastrian magi Walnut| The wand of the magician may be made of any nut wood according to the Key of Solomon Willow| According to the Key of Solomon willow has \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of the Moon. According to Bardon, \"hazelnut or willow are to be used for a wishing-wand. The wishing-wand is a modification of the magic wand.... In making magic wands willow twigs may also be used for any type, for the willow is a very good fluid condenser.\" Giordano Bruno's third image of Venus carries a willow wand (De Imaginum Compositione (1591) Book 2, ch 13. Wormwood| Used in Graeco-Egyptian spell PGM III.704 (Betz p. 36). Yew| Traditionally considered a sacred tree among the Irish, the yew deeply rooted in Irish folklore. It has long been known to have toxic properties.", "Beringarius Ganellus, in Summa Sacre Magice (L.3.f.25) states that the wand should be \"the length of the master’s arm, extended.\"", "According to the Clavicula manuscript from Gerald Gardner's library, the wand should be at least eight or nine palms in length.", "According to Pierre Mora's edition of Les Véritables Clavicules de Salomon, the wand should be one and a half feet in length, and an inch thick. This accords well with Franz Bardon's statements that it should be between 3/8 and 3/4 inches in diameter, and about 12-20 inches long.", "The Avesta mentions the greatest length of the baresman twigs is the height of a knee, though ancient art shows it approximately the length of the arm (see above). Modern barsoms are much shorter, as short as nine inches.", "According to Abramelin, the wand (of almond wood) should be about a finger's width in thickness, and the length of your arm, measured from elbow to finger tip.", "According to Ad. 36674, fol. 73r it should be in thickness \"neere as big as your arm at the hand, and it must be just a cubit long, and the barke taken away, and remain white without painting.\"", "Joseph Anton Herpentil, in his Epitome of supernatural magic, That is R. P. S. F. (1519) specifies the wand (or rod) should be 4 spans long.", "The literature includes some examples of adding materials to the wand to enhance certain characteristics. Here are some of the more commonly ascribed magical attributes of materials.", "Aetites| Stone associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28). ---|--- Amber| Associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28). Amethyst| Stone associated with Scorpio (MC). Beryl| Stone associated with Libra (MC). Birthwort| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Pisces (MC). Calamint| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Virgo (MC). Carbuncle| Stone associated with the Sun (MC). Carnelian| Stone sacred to Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28). Chalcedony| Stone associated with the zodiacal sign Cancer (MC). Chrisophrase| Stone associated with Capricorn (MC). Cock| Bird associated with Gemini (MC). Comfrey| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Cancer (MC). Copper| Metal associated with Venus (MC). According to Pseudo-Bacon, the magical scepter must have affixed to the end a lamin of copper with certain symbols on it. Coral| Associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28). Crow| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Sagittarius (MC). Crystal| Stone associated with Mercury and with Aquarius(MC). Cyclamen| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Leo (MC). Date palm| used to bind the tamarisk wands of the magi. Dock| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Capricorn (MC). Dove| Bird associated with Venus and with Taurus (MC). Dragonwort| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Aquarius (MC). Eagle| Bird associated with Jupiter and Leo (MC). Emerald| Stone associated with Venus and Virgo (Agippa, OP1.28, MC). Garlic| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Libra (MC). Gold| Metal associated with the Sun (MC). Goose| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Libra (MC). Granite| Stone associated with Saturn (MC). Heliotrope| Herb associated with the Sun (MC) Heron| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Capricorn (MC). Ibis| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Cancer (MC). Iron| Metal associated with Mars (MC). Levi recommends a core of magnetized iron. Jacinth| Stone associated with Sagittarius (MC). Jasper| Stone associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28), or Leo (MC). Jove's Beard| (Silver-leaved Woodblade plant) Herb associated with Jupiter (MC). Lapis Lazuli| Stone associated with Venus (Agrippa OP1.28). Lapwing| Bird associated with Saturn (MC). Lead| Metal associated with Saturn (MC). Maidenhair| Herb associated with Venus (MC) Metal| Grand Grimoire recommends metal caps. Monkshood| Herb associated with Mars Owl| Bird associated with the Moon and with Aries (MC). Peacock| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Aquarius (MC). Pimpernel| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Sagittarius (MC). Ruby| Stone associated with Mars (MC). Sage| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Aries (MC). Sapphire| Stone associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28), also with the Moon and with Pisces(MC). Sard| Stone associated with Taurus (MC). Sardonyx| Stone associated with Aries (MC). Selenotrope| Herb associated with the Moon (MC) Sempervivum| Herb associated with Saturn (MC) Silk threads| Colored silk threads are to be added to wands per Almandal Silver| Metal associated with the Moon (MC). Sparrow| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Virgo (MC). St. John's Wort| Sibly specifies that this be bound to the top of the wand for use in necromantic operations. (p. 1106) Stork| Bird associated with Mercury (MC). Swan| Bird associated with the Sun and Pisces(MC). Tin| Metal associated with Jupiter (MC). Topaz| Stone associated with Jupiter and with Gemini(MC). Tuthia| Gem stone associated with Jupiter (Agrippa). Vervain (Bending)| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Gemini (MC). Vervain was sacred and carried in religious processions according to several ancient writers (cf. Meyer & Smith, Ancient Christian Magic, p. 63.) Vervain (Upright)| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Taurus (MC). Vulture| Bird associated with Mars (MC). Woodpecker| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Scorpio (MC). Wormwood| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Scorpio (MC).", "Bark| Half of the wand is left covered with bark in the method cited by de Givry. ---|--- Letters| Trithemius specifies that the wand should have certain Hebrew characters written in gold. Magical symbols| The Greek Magical Papyri directs the magician to write the sacred or mystical names of gods or angels on the wand (for example see Betz p. 14). See Key of Solomon for magical symbols for the wand.", "Most magic texts agree that the wand should be held in the right hand while praying, or while calling or addressing spirits. Christopher A. Faraone gives an ancient Greek spell wherein the divinity or spirit is invoked while holding a branch of laurel in the right hand, and an ebony staff in the left. When dismissing the spirits, the hands are switched. (Compare Meyer, p. 272.) This also has a parallel in PGM I.335 (Betz p. 12). In this use it is primarily used as a defensive weapon. It is used to strike the bowl in some divination methods. In Zoroastrian ritual the gaze and the ritual power ('amal) is focussed on the barsom. It is also held in the right hand." ] }, "parsed_md": "The magic wand\n\n * Home\n * Contents\n * Prev\n * wands\n * Next\n * timeline\n\nThe magic wand\n\nCopyright 2005 Joseph H. Peterson. Last updated Jun 16, 2020.\n\nThe use of the magic wand can be traced back to proto-Indo-European times, as\nshown by its appearance in both Zoroastrianism as well the early Hinduism.\n\n### Zoroastrianism and the Magi\n\nThe magi of the ancient world were the priesthood of the Zoroastrian religion.\nAs Plato noted, magic (mageia) refers to \"the Magian lore of Zoroaster\" (\nAlchibiades 1.122). The baresman (Phl. barsom), or sacred bundle of twigs (or\n\"slender wands\"), is a ritual implement which has played an important part in\nZoroastrian religious practices since prehistoric times. According to Kotwal\nand Boyd, the baresman is an \"ancient Indo-Iranian emblem of seeking the\nHoly\", and it \"establishes a connecting link between this getig [material]\nworld and the menog [spiritual] realm. The barsom is, as it were, the conduit\nthrough which the archetypal principles and powers manifest their presence and\nreceive the offerings.\" (A Persian offering, 1991, p. 6, 10; words in square\nbrackets are mine). It is also an instrument through which one acquires the\nsacred power (op. cit. p. 23). Perhaps then it is also a conduit for\nchanneling the power outwards, and thus is a prototypical 'magic wand'. The\nbaresman is traditionally made of tamarisk trigs, although in modern times\nmetal rods have been substituted.\n\nDino, a contemporary of Philip refers to the use of the barsom for divination,\nwhich is also supported by the Denkard. (Modi 1922, RCC, p. 280.)\n\nA stick with nine knots is used during the nine-nights' purification\n(barashnom). The knots are barriers against pollution and evil influences.\n(Vd9.14, compare Key of Solomon Book 2, chapters 4, 5, and 13.)\n\nIn Zoroastrianism we also find the mace used. This is now referred to as gurz\n(from Avestan vazra, Sanskrit vajra.) It is used as a spiritual weapon to\ndrive off evil.\n\n### Egyptian, Greek, and Roman sources\n\nThe use of the baresman by the magi was well known to Greek writers and is\nmentioned by Strabo and Phoenix of Colophon (280 B.C.), cited in Athenaeus.\nThe magic wand was also known among the ancient Greeks and Romans.\n\nLike the Zoroasrian magi, the ancient Roman Flamines or fire-priests, also\ncarried such bundles of twigs in their hands. (Modi RCC, 1922, p. 280).\n\nPliny and Apuleius both attest to their use. Homer (in the Odyssey 11.14ff)\nand Virgil both describe the archetypical sorceress, Circe, as using a magical\nwand. The relevant passage in Virgil was noted by Agrippa in his Occult\nPhilosophy Book 1, chapter 41. It is also cited by Eliphas Levi Key of the\nMysteries, part 4, chap 1.\n\nBetz' collection of Greek and Demotic magical papyri has examples of spells\nwhich include the use of a wand or staff. The spell PGM I.42-195, for example\nhas the magician \"hold a branch of myrtle ... shaking it, [and salute] the\ngoddess.\" (Betz, p. 5) Similarly PGM II.22, II.65 (Betz p. 13, 14)\n\n### Iamblichus\n\nIamblichus (c. A.D. 250-325), one of the more important Neoplatonic\nphilosophers, discussed magic in general in his On the Mysteries. In it he\nmentions the prophetess holding a staff or wand, invoking the divinity.\n(Mysteries of the Egyptians, chapter 7.) Agrippa also cites this passage in\nOP3.48.\n\n### The Grimoires\n\nEarly manuscripts of magic (grimoires) have many references to the use and\nimportance of the wand in western magic. There are two similar ritual\nimplements commonly described in magical literature: The staff (Latin baculus\nor bacculus; Italian bastone; French Le baton, bâton) and the wand (Latin\nVirga or virgulam; Ital. verga; German Stäbchen; French: La verge; In French\nmanuscripts this is sometimes called viere, baguette, baguette magique,\nbaguete, or bagette, also translated as rod). The staff is more the size of a\nwalking stick; the wand is smaller and tapered:\n\n#### The staff and the wand from Ad. 10862 (the \"Zecorbeni\" manuscript), fol.\n164v\n\nAccording to the Key of Solomon (Book 2 chapter 8): \"The staff should be of\nelderwood or cane, and the wand of hazel or nut tree, in all cases the wood\nbeing virgin, that is of one year's growth only. They should each be cut from\nthe tree at a single stroke, on the day of Mercury (i.e. Wednesday), at\nsunrise. The characters shown should be written or engraved thereon in the day\nand hour of Mercury.\" (Mathers tr. revised by JHP)\n\n#### The magical symbols for the staff and wand according to Oxford ms. Aubrey\n24, fol. 17v (1674)\n\n#### from London, British Library ms. Add. 10862, fol. 122v (17th ce)\n\n#### The magical symbols for the staff and wand according to BnF Ital. 1524,\nfol 232v. (1446. This is possibly the oldest-known manuscript of the Key of\nSolomon)\n\nAccording to version F of the Almandal (cp Almadel), wands should be made of\nAnthyllis barba-jovis (Jove's beard) — an evergreen shrub native to the\nmediterranean region. They should be decorated with silk threads of\nappropriate color (green, white, red, or yellow).\n\nAccording to the Sworn Book of Honorius (Chap CXXXII), the magician's wand or\nstaff is made of laurel or hazel, likewise of one year's growth (\"magister\ntenens baculum lauri vel coruli illius anni...\"). More details are provided in\nchapter CXXXIX:\n\n> \"But the wand should have four sides. On one side should be written\n> 'Adonay'; on the second side 'Sabaoth'; on the third, 'Hiskiros' (ισχυρος);\n> on the fourth 'Emanuel.' On the middle of the wand, make the pentagon figure\n> of Solomon, and where the wand is held, a cross, and thus it will be\n> prepared for sacred and wonderful works.\" (My translation, not in Royal ms).\n\nThis is collaborated and expanded on in the Clavicula manuscript from Gerald\nGardner's library, which states:\n\n> \"the wand [lacuna of 6 em spaces, probably \"hazel\"] which should be at least\n> eight or nine palms, whose end should be stripped on four sides. And those\n> same four names of God should be written there, namely on the first side,\n> Adonay; on the second, Sabaioth; on the third Ieschyruses; on the fourth,\n> Emmanuel. In the middle, make this sign of mine, namely, the sigil. On the\n> other end, where the hand holds it, make a cross.\"\n\nVery similar is the sceptrum (scepter) in manuscripts of the Pseudo-Bacon\n(Roger) treatise Thesaurus spirituum, which instructs that it should be of bay\n(laurel) wood, \"neere as bigg as your arme at the hand and it must be just a\ncubit longe, and the barke taken off it.\" (Wellcome 110, fol. 8r).\n\nAbognazar specifies two types of bâton are needed for magical operations: one\nfor operations of Venus (made of elder), and another for all other operations\ncalling for a bâton.\n\n#### Bâton pour toutes les Opérations.\n\n#### Bâton pour les Opérations de Venus.\n\nIn Clavicules du Roi Salomon par Armadel, Livre III (Lansdowne MS. 1202), the\n\"key to the work\" is a triangular wand made of hazel.\n\nThe Lesser Key of Solomon (Book 1: Goetia) recommends holding a hazel stick in\nthe hand during the operation of Bileth, for upholding one's courage. This is\nbased on Weyer \"baculum corili\" (hazel staff). The passage in Reginald Scot\ntranslates baculum as \"bat\", but it could mean rod, staff, or stick.\n\nIn Le Grand Grimoire the main ritual implement is called la baguette\nmystérieuse, ou la Verge Foudroyante (the mysterious wand, or blasting rod)\n\"which causes the spirits to tremble; which God also used to arm his angel\nwhen Adam and Eve were driven out of the earthly paradise; wherewith, finally,\nhe smote the rebellious angels, precipitating their ambitions into the most\nappalling gulfs by the power of this very rod -- of this rod which collects\nthe clouds, disperses tempests, averts lightning, or precipitates each and all\nupon any portion of the earth at the pleasure of its director.\" (tr. Waite,\nBCM) It is made of \"wild hazel which has never borne fruit; its length should\nbe nineteen and a half inches\" with a forked end and magnetized steel caps on\nthe pointed ends.\n\nAccording to Franz Bardon (1909-1958), one of the most important occultists\nand magicians of the twentieth century, \"the most important aid in ritual\nmagic is, and always will be, the magic wand.\"\n\nGrillot de Givry ( Witchcraft, Magic, and Alchemy, p. 308) shows a magical\noperation which features a \"wand of poplar-wood, 'half without bark'.\"\n\n### Summary of woods used for magical wands\n\nAcacia| According to Franz Bardon, \"the wood of an oak or an acacia, too, is\nan excellent material for making a magic wand.\" \n---|--- \nAlmond| This wood is specificed in the Book of the Sacred Magic of Abramelin\nthe Mage. The wand of the magician may be made of any nut wood according to\nthe Key of Solomon. According to Agrippa (OP1.26), almond and other woods of\nnut trees are associated with the planet Jupiter. Levi recommends the magic\nwand be made of almond or hazel. \nAnthyllis barba-jovis (Jove's beard)| According to version F of the Solomonic\nmagic text Almandal. The wands should be wrapped with silk thread of\nappropriate color. \nApple| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). The druidic wizard Mannanàn Mac\nLir carried a wand of apple ( Peter Berresford Ellis, A Brief History of the\nDruids, New York, Carroll & Graf, 2002, p. 249.). \nAsh| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). According to Franz Bardon, a magic\nwand made of ash is especially to be used in healing people. Yates recounts\ndetails of an Irish \"fairy doctor\" -- one whose mystical power is received\nfrom fairies -- who observed many traditional practices, including carrying a\nwand of ash during prayer. \nBay| (See laurel.) \nBeech| Sacred to Jupiter (per Agrippa, OP1.26). \nBox| According to the Key of Solomon box and oak have \"some quality referring\nespecially unto the spirits\" of Jupiter. According to Agrippa (OP2.14) and the\nMagical Calendar, this is a sacred tree associated with the zodiacal sign of\nLibra and the Orphic deity Vulcan. \nBuckthorn| Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Aquarius (MC). \nCane (L. arundo donax)| The staff of the magician may be made of cane\naccording to the Key of Solomon. \nCedar| According to the Key of Solomon cornel and cedar have \"some quality\nreferring especially unto the spirits\" of Mars. \nChestnut| Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Leo (MC). \nCornel| See dogwood. \nCypress| Used to make a magic circle for the experiment of the Black Hen (Fr.\npoule noire, It. gallina nera) found in several grimoires. \nDogwood (cornel)| According to the Key of Solomon cornel (dogwood) and cedar\nhave \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Mars. The Munich\nmanual has a divination operation which uses a knife with a handle of dogwood\n(de cornu nigro uel albo). Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). Sacred tree\nassociated with the Zodiacal sign of Scorpio (MC). \nEbony| Ebony is named as the wood of Hermes in one ancient Greek spell\n(Faraone, p. 202.) This wood is specified by Trithemius in his treatise on\ninvoking angels to appear in a crystal. The Egyptian king Nectanebus used a\nrod or wand of ebony along with magic formulae to animate models of his\nenemies and attack them. (Budge, 1930, p. 488; 1971, p. 92.) An Ebony wand is\nused in the Graeco-Egyptian spell PGM I.335 (Betz p. 12). \nElder or elderberry (L. sambucus)| The staff of the magician may be made of\nelder according to the Key of Solomon. Grimorium Verum specifies a wand of\nelder should be used in preparing the parchment, and is also used in preparing\nthe pentacles and magic rings. According to the method of Abognazar a special\nstaff of elder is used for operations of Venus only. According to Franz\nBardon, \"the wand made of elder-wood, proves, on account of its analogy to\nSaturn, especially efficient when calling up or evoking elemental spirits and\ndemons.\" \nElm| Sacred tree associated with the Zodiacal sign of Pisces (MC). \nFig, White| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). \nHazel| Multiple sources attest the use of Hazel for the magic wand, including\nthe Key of Solomon, Weyer, Goetia, Grand Grimoire, and Levi. According to the\nSworn Book of Honorius (Chap CXXXII), the magician's wand or staff is made of\nlaurel or hazel. Per Agrippa, sacred to Mercury, and also to Jupiter (OP1.26\nand OP1.29). According to MC this is a sacred tree associated with the\nzodiacal sign of Cancer. According to the Key of Solomon hazel has \"some\nquality referring especially unto the spirits\" of Mercury. Grimorium Verum\nspecifies wands of hazel and elder should be used in preparing the parchment.\nThe Grand Grimoire includes a divining method using a hazel rod or wand.\nAccording to Bardon, \"hazelnut or willow are to be used for a wishing-wand.\nThe wishing-wand is a modification of the magic wand.\" \nHolly| Holly is the whitest of all woods, and has been used in making piano\nkeys. It was considered sacred by the druids, and played a part in the magic\nof the Greeks and Romans. It was especially suitable for divination. In early\nEurope, holly and other thorny plants were believed to repel all evil spirits.\n(Gale, p. 2.) The same apotropaic properties were noted by Pliny the Elder\n(23-79 CE). \nHolm-oak| Sacred to Jupiter (per Agrippa, OP1.26). A rod of this material is\nused in the operation of the magic garters, according to Abognazar. \nHorse chestnut| Sacred to Jupiter, according to Agrippa (OP1.26). \nJuniper| According to the Key of Solomon juniper and pine \"some quality\nreferring especially unto the spirits\" of Saturn. \nLaurel|\n\nAccording to the Sworn Book of Honorius (Chap CXXXII), the magician's wand or\nstaff is made of laurel or hazel. Wands of laurel are found in multiple spells\nin the Magical Papyri. Called \"Apollo's holy plant of presage\" and \"Phoibos'\nmistress\" (Betz pp. 15, 110, 112) A sprig of laurel held in the right hand is\nsaid to be a protective charm (PGM I, Betz op. cit. p. 10). Also used in\nGraeco-Egyptian spells PGM I.335, II.6, II.22 (Betz p. 12, 13). According to\nthe Key of Solomon laurel has \"some quality referring especially unto the\nspirits\" of the Sun. According to MC this is a sacred tree associated with the\nzodiacal sign of Gemini. On magical uses of laurel see also L. Deubner, Kleine\nSchriften zur Klassischen Altertumskunde (Königstein: Hain, 1982, p. 401-2.)\nAccording to Porphyry (On Images, fragment 8), laurel \"is full of fire, and\ntherefore hated by daemons.\"\n\nAccording to Pseudo-Bacon, the magical scepter must be made of a bay (laurel)\ntree. (Ad. 36674, fol. 73r; Sloane 3850, fol. 98v; Wellcome 110, fol. 8r.) \n \nMyrtle| According to the Key of Solomon myrtle has \"some quality referring\nespecially unto the spirits\" of Venus. Marvin Meyer's book Ancient Christian\nMagic includes a spell which involves a branch of myrtle held in the right\nhand (p. 272). The use of a Myrtle branch is also found in the Graeco-Egyptian\nspell mentioned above (Betz, p. 5.) According to MC this is a sacred tree\nassociated with the zodiacal sign of Taurus. \nOak| Sacred to Jupiter, according to Agrippa. According to the Key of Solomon\nbox and oak have \"some quality referring especially unto the spirits\" of\nJupiter. According to Franz Bardon, \"the wood of an oak or an acacia, too, is\nan excellent material for making a magic wand.\" \nOleum| Sacred tree associated with Jupiter, according to Agrippa, OP1.26. \nOlive| Sacred to the Moon and Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.24, OP1.26). Sacred tree\nassociated with the Zodiacal sign of Aries (MC). Wands of olive are also found\nin the Greek Magical Papyri (e.g. Betz, p. 109.) According to Butler (p. 145)\nCasanova (1725-1798) used a magic wand made of olive wood, approximately 18\ninches long. \nPalm| A twig of palm is held in the right hand during a ritual described in\nthe Sixth and Seventh Books of Moses (T2). Sacred tree associated with the\nZodiacal sign of Sagittarius (MC). \nPear| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). Sacred tree associated with the\nZodiacal sign of Virgo (MC). \nPine| According to the Key of Solomon juniper and pine \"some quality referring\nespecially unto the spirits\" of Saturn. According to MC this is a sacred tree\nassociated with the zodiacal sign of Capricorn. \nPlum| Sacred to Jupiter (Agrippa, OP1.26). \nPomegranate| This wood is also mentioned as acceptable for the baresman in\nZoroastrian ritual. \nPoplar| Tree sacred to Jupiter, according to Agrippa. Grillot de Givry\n(Witchcraft, Magic & Alchemy, p. 308) shows a magical operation which features\na \"wand of poplar-wood, 'half without bark'.\" \nQuince| This wood is specified for the staff of the magician according to La\nVera Clavicola del Re Salomone. \nRosewood| Mathers included rosewood in his translation of the Key of Solomon,\nhowever this was a mistranslation of the French word \"roseau\" (another word\nfor cane or reed). \nService tree| Sacred to Jupiter (per Agrippa, OP1.26). \nTamarisk| Zoroastrian magi \nWalnut| The wand of the magician may be made of any nut wood according to the\nKey of Solomon \nWillow| According to the Key of Solomon willow has \"some quality referring\nespecially unto the spirits\" of the Moon. According to Bardon, \"hazelnut or\nwillow are to be used for a wishing-wand. The wishing-wand is a modification\nof the magic wand.... In making magic wands willow twigs may also be used for\nany type, for the willow is a very good fluid condenser.\" Giordano Bruno's\nthird image of Venus carries a willow wand (De Imaginum Compositione (1591)\nBook 2, ch 13. \nWormwood| Used in Graeco-Egyptian spell PGM III.704 (Betz p. 36). \nYew| Traditionally considered a sacred tree among the Irish, the yew deeply\nrooted in Irish folklore. It has long been known to have toxic properties. \n \n### The length\n\nBeringarius Ganellus, in Summa Sacre Magice (L.3.f.25) states that the wand\nshould be \"the length of the master’s arm, extended.\"\n\nAccording to the Clavicula manuscript from Gerald Gardner's library, the wand\nshould be at least eight or nine palms in length.\n\nAccording to Pierre Mora's edition of Les Véritables Clavicules de Salomon,\nthe wand should be one and a half feet in length, and an inch thick. This\naccords well with Franz Bardon's statements that it should be between 3/8 and\n3/4 inches in diameter, and about 12-20 inches long.\n\nThe Avesta mentions the greatest length of the baresman twigs is the height of\na knee, though ancient art shows it approximately the length of the arm (see\nabove). Modern barsoms are much shorter, as short as nine inches.\n\nAccording to Abramelin, the wand (of almond wood) should be about a finger's\nwidth in thickness, and the length of your arm, measured from elbow to finger\ntip.\n\nAccording to Ad. 36674, fol. 73r it should be in thickness \"neere as big as\nyour arm at the hand, and it must be just a cubit long, and the barke taken\naway, and remain white without painting.\"\n\nThe Grand Grimoire specifies a length of nineteen and an half inches.\n\nJoseph Anton Herpentil, in his Epitome of supernatural magic, That is R. P. S.\nF. (1519) specifies the wand (or rod) should be 4 spans long.\n\n### Additional materials added to the wand\n\nThe literature includes some examples of adding materials to the wand to\nenhance certain characteristics. Here are some of the more commonly ascribed\nmagical attributes of materials.\n\nAetites| Stone associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28). \n---|--- \nAmber| Associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28). \nAmethyst| Stone associated with Scorpio (MC). \nBeryl| Stone associated with Libra (MC). \nBirthwort| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Pisces (MC). \nCalamint| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Virgo (MC). \nCarbuncle| Stone associated with the Sun (MC). \nCarnelian| Stone sacred to Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28). \nChalcedony| Stone associated with the zodiacal sign Cancer (MC). \nChrisophrase| Stone associated with Capricorn (MC). \nCock| Bird associated with Gemini (MC). \nComfrey| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Cancer (MC). \nCopper| Metal associated with Venus (MC). According to Pseudo-Bacon, the\nmagical scepter must have affixed to the end a lamin of copper with certain\nsymbols on it. \nCoral| Associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28). \nCrow| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Sagittarius (MC). \nCrystal| Stone associated with Mercury and with Aquarius(MC). \nCyclamen| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Leo (MC). \nDate palm| used to bind the tamarisk wands of the magi. \nDock| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Capricorn (MC). \nDove| Bird associated with Venus and with Taurus (MC). \nDragonwort| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Aquarius (MC). \nEagle| Bird associated with Jupiter and Leo (MC). \nEmerald| Stone associated with Venus and Virgo (Agippa, OP1.28, MC). \nGarlic| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Libra (MC). \nGold| Metal associated with the Sun (MC). \nGoose| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Libra (MC). \nGranite| Stone associated with Saturn (MC). \nHeliotrope| Herb associated with the Sun (MC) \nHeron| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Capricorn (MC). \nIbis| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Cancer (MC). \nIron| Metal associated with Mars (MC). Levi recommends a core of magnetized\niron. \nJacinth| Stone associated with Sagittarius (MC). \nJasper| Stone associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28), or Leo (MC). \nJove's Beard| (Silver-leaved Woodblade plant) Herb associated with Jupiter\n(MC). \nLapis Lazuli| Stone associated with Venus (Agrippa OP1.28). \nLapwing| Bird associated with Saturn (MC). \nLead| Metal associated with Saturn (MC). \nMaidenhair| Herb associated with Venus (MC) \nMetal| Grand Grimoire recommends metal caps. \nMonkshood| Herb associated with Mars \nOwl| Bird associated with the Moon and with Aries (MC). \nPeacock| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Aquarius (MC). \nPimpernel| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Sagittarius (MC). \nRuby| Stone associated with Mars (MC). \nSage| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Aries (MC). \nSapphire| Stone associated with Venus (Agrippa, OP1.28), also with the Moon\nand with Pisces(MC). \nSard| Stone associated with Taurus (MC). \nSardonyx| Stone associated with Aries (MC). \nSelenotrope| Herb associated with the Moon (MC) \nSempervivum| Herb associated with Saturn (MC) \nSilk threads| Colored silk threads are to be added to wands per Almandal \nSilver| Metal associated with the Moon (MC). \nSparrow| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Virgo (MC). \nSt. John's Wort| Sibly specifies that this be bound to the top of the wand for\nuse in necromantic operations. (p. 1106) \nStork| Bird associated with Mercury (MC). \nSwan| Bird associated with the Sun and Pisces(MC). \nTin| Metal associated with Jupiter (MC). \nTopaz| Stone associated with Jupiter and with Gemini(MC). \nTuthia| Gem stone associated with Jupiter (Agrippa). \nVervain (Bending)| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Gemini\n(MC). Vervain was sacred and carried in religious processions according to\nseveral ancient writers (cf. Meyer & Smith, Ancient Christian Magic, p. 63.) \nVervain (Upright)| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Taurus\n(MC). \nVulture| Bird associated with Mars (MC). \nWoodpecker| Sacred bird associated with the zodiacal sign of Scorpio (MC). \nWormwood| Sacred plant associated with the Zodiacal sign of Scorpio (MC). \n \n### Other elements\n\nBark| Half of the wand is left covered with bark in the method cited by de\nGivry. \n---|--- \nLetters| Trithemius specifies that the wand should have certain Hebrew\ncharacters written in gold. \nMagical symbols| The Greek Magical Papyri directs the magician to write the\nsacred or mystical names of gods or angels on the wand (for example see Betz\np. 14). See Key of Solomon for magical symbols for the wand. \n \n### How to use the magic wand\n\nMost magic texts agree that the wand should be held in the right hand while\npraying, or while calling or addressing spirits. Christopher A. Faraone gives\nan ancient Greek spell wherein the divinity or spirit is invoked while holding\na branch of laurel in the right hand, and an ebony staff in the left. When\ndismissing the spirits, the hands are switched. (Compare Meyer, p. 272.) This\nalso has a parallel in PGM I.335 (Betz p. 12). In this use it is primarily\nused as a defensive weapon. It is used to strike the bowl in some divination\nmethods. In Zoroastrian ritual the gaze and the ritual power ('amal) is\nfocussed on the barsom. It is also held in the right hand.\n\n### References\n\nAbognazar,| Les Véritables Clavicules de Salomon, traduites de l'Hebreux en\nlangue Latine par le Rabin Abognazar. London, British Library, Lansdowne Mss.\n1203. \n---|--- \nAbramelin| Abraham of Worms, The Sacred Magic of Abramelin the Mage, edited by\nS. L. Mathers (London, J.M. Watkins, 1900.) \nAgrippa| Occult Philosophy (London, Moule, 1651). \nBardon, Franz,| Practice of Magical Evocation (Merkur, 2001) \nBetz, Hans Dieter| The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation, including the\nDemotic Spells, Second Edition (Chicago, Univ of Chicago Press, 1992) \nBudge,| Amulets and Talismans, (New York, Macmillan, 1930, p. 488; EM, p. 92.) \nBudge,| Egyptian Magic (London, 1901/reprint New York, Dover, 1971, p. 92):\nebony rod. \nButler, E. M.,| Ritual Magic (Cambridge, 1949, reprint Hollywood, Newcastle,\n1971.) She cites (p. 122) Cellini's account of ritual magic (circa 1533) along\nthe lines of the grimoires, including the use of a wand. \nEllis, Peter Berresford| A Brief History of the Druids(New York, 2002) \nFaraone, Christopher A.,| Magika Hiera: Ancient Greek Magic and Religion (New\nYork, Oxford, 1991, p. 177.) \nGale, Fred,| Hollies: The Genus Ilex (Portland, Timber Press, 1997) \nDe Givry, Emile Grillot| Witchcraft, Magic, and Alchemy \nGrand Grimoire| Le Grand Grimoire (Paris, B. RENAULT, 1845) \nGrimorium Verum| Grimorium Verum (Ed. Peterson, 2007) \nHerpentil, Joseph Anton| Inbegriff der übernatürlichen Magie (\"Epitome of\nsupernatural magic\") (1519) reprinted in J. Scheible, Das Kloster, Bd. 3, pp.\n626-633. \nHonorius, Sworn Book of| Ed. Peterson, Lake Worth, Fl : Ibis Press, 2016. \nIamblichus| On the Mysteries, part 2, and part 3. \nKey of Solomon| See Mathers. Also ad36674.htm. \nLevi, Eliphas,| Transcendental Magic (Dogma et Rituel de la Haute Magie). \nMathers, S. L.,| The Key of Solomon the King, Book 2, chapter 8 and passim.\n(London, George Redway. 1889.) \nMC:| Magical Calendar, ed. Adam McLean (Grand Rapids MI, Phanes, 1994). \nMeyer, Marvin,| Ancient Christian Magic (1999). \nModi, Jivanji Jamshedji.| The Religious Ceremonies and Customs of the Parsees.\nBombay: British Indian Press, 1922. \nMora, Pierre,| Les Véritables Clavicules de Salomon, tr. par Pierre Mora,\ncontenant un grand nombre de figures cabalistes, avec la manière de les faire\nsuivant les principes de la science occulte des plus fameux nécromanciens qui\nont vécu après Salomon, et où l'on trouvera les plus rares secrets. 153 pages.\nParis, H. Daragon, 1914. \nPeterson, J. (editor, translator),| Secrets of Solomon: A Witch's Handbook\nfrom the trial records of the Venetian Inquisition (2018). \nPeterson, J. (editor),| Sixth and Seenth Books of Moses (2008) \nScot, Reginald,| Discoverie of Witchcraft (London, 1584) \nSibly, Ebenezer,| A New and Complete Illustration of the Occult Sciences, Book\n4. (Bristol, 1704.) \nSl. 3847:| London, British Library, Sloane manuscript 3847. \nTrithemius| (or pseudo-trithemius) his treatise on invoking angels into a\ncrystal in F. Barrett, The Magus. \nVéronèse, Julien,| L'Almandal et l'Almadel latins au Moyen Âge, Firenze,\nSismel: 2012 \nWaite, A.E.| Book of Ceremonial Magic \nYates, William Butler,| Treasury of Irish Myth, Legend & Folklore (New York,\nGramercy Books, 1986, p. 147.) \n \n * Home\n * Contents\n * Prev\n * wands\n * Next\n * timeline\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mindat.org/min-5527.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211102094539/https://www.mindat.org/min-5527.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Selenite: Mineral information, data and localities.", "passages": [ "From the Greek σελήυη, for \"moon,\" in allusion to the moon-like white reflections of the mineral or to the quality of the light transmitted by translucent gypsum slabs of cleavages used as windows.", "The name 'selenite' is mostly synonymous with gypsum but has been used historically to describe the transparent variety, as opposed to satin spar gypsum for the fibrous variety and alabaster for the fine-grained massive form.", "The original name was given by J.G. Wallerius in his 1747 book \"Mineralogia, eller Mineralriket\" (p.50), as 'selenites'. Named from the greek 'σεληνη' (the moon), probably from its pale bluish reflections.", "83 photos of Selenite associated with Dolomite| CaMg(CO_3)_2 ---|--- 80 photos of Selenite associated with Quartz| SiO_2 69 photos of Selenite associated with Calcite| CaCO_3 59 photos of Selenite associated with Halite| NaCl 44 photos of Selenite associated with Siderite| FeCO_3 43 photos of Selenite associated with Limonite 35 photos of Selenite associated with Aragonite| CaCO_3 32 photos of Selenite associated with Malachite| Cu_2(CO_3)(OH)_2 32 photos of Selenite associated with Pyrite| FeS_2 25 photos of Selenite associated with Chalcopyrite| CuFeS_2", "No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.", "This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.", "- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. i - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from pseudomorphs.)", "| VINANTE, D. y ALONSO, R.N.. Evapofacies del Salar Hombre Muerto, Puna argentina: distribucion y genesis. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2006, vol.61, n.2, pp. 286-297", "* Sigsbee Abyssal Plain\n\n * i Challenger Knoll (Challenger salt dome)\n| M. Ewing and J. L. Worzel et al (1969). SITE 2. Initial reports of the deep sea drilling project, 1, 84-110.", "| Gill, E. D. (1973). Geology and geomorphology of the Murray River region between Mildura and Renmark, Australia. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 34, 1-97.", "* Sudbury District\n\n * Garson Township\n\n * i Garson Mine\n| Dylan Simmonds' Collection - I am a core logging geologist with Vale in Sudbury. I'm just getting started here on Mindat! I have noted some small secondary selenite crystals to 3mm from Garson Mine. They are located within an oxidized sulphide zone where we drilled through an old stope. This is purely visual identification; the crystals are well formed and clearly show the correct habit. Note that I do not currently have the means to take a decent enough picture. Thanks!", "* i Kamariza Dump\n| LAPIS 24 (7/8) 1999; Wendel, W. and Markl, G. (1999) Lavrion: Mineralogische Klassiker und Raritäten für Sammler. LAPIS 24 (7/8):34-52", "| Campostrini, I., Gramaccioli, C. M. and Demartin, F. (1999): Orlandiite, Pb3Cl4(SeO3)3•H2O, a new mineral species, and an associated lead-copper selenite chloride from the Baccu Locci mine, Sardinia, Italy. Can. Mineral. 37, 1493-1498", "* Prešov\n\n * i Solivar\n| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590", "* Zlatá Baňa\n\n * i Zlatá Baňa deposit\n| Duda et. all.,1981:Minerály severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovca,Monografia 2,Bratislava, 98 p", "| Garfield, L. and Wellings, D. (2008) Minerals of the Glamorgan Coast: Barry Island and adjacent areas. DVD, published by authors.; Garfield, L. and Wellings, D. (2008) Extracts from 'Minerals of the Glamorgan Coast: Barry Island and adjacent areas.' Journal of the Russell Society, vol. 11, 64-70.", "* i Jackson's Bay\n| Garfield, L. and Wellings, D. (2008) Minerals of the Glamorgan Coast: Barry Island and adjacent areas. DVD, published by authors.; Garfield, L. and Wellings, D. (2008) Extracts from 'Minerals of the Glamorgan Coast: Barry Island and adjacent areas.' Journal of the Russell Society, vol. 11, 64-70.", "| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 258; Witkind, I.J. & R.E. Thaden (1963), Geology and uranium-vanadium deposits of the Monument Valley area, Apache and Navajo Cos., AZ: 116, 121.", "* Cochise County\n\n * Benson\n\n * i Benson deposit (Benson Clay deposit)\n| Stone, R.W. (1920), Gypsum deposits of the US, USGS Bull. 697: 50.", "* Land\n\n * i Gypsum claims (Land deposit; Land Gypsum deposit)\n| Stone, R.W. (1920), Gypsum deposits of the United States, USGS Bull. 697: 50.", "* Whetstone Mining District\n\n * i Southern Whetstone Mountains Gypsum occurrence\n| MRDS database Dep. ID file #10060144, MRDS ID #TC10101.", "* i Coronado fault area\n| Peterson, N.P. (1962), Geology and ore deposits of the Globe-Miami District, Arizona, USGS PP 342: 75.", "* i Searles Lake\n| Gale, Hoyt Stoddard (1915), Mineralogy of the Searles Lake deposits in Salines in the Owens, Searles, and Panamint basins, southeastern California: USGS Bulletin 580: 296-308", "* Town of Southeast\n\n * Brewster\n\n * i Interstate 84 road cuts\n| Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State, p223-224", "* i Cactus Mine\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; A.I.M.E. Transactions: 48: 67-117 (1915)]: 98", "| Vetter, U., Weck, H.-D., Weale, T., Klosa, D., Wittich, C. and Hoffmann, K. (1999): A provisional inventory of the Sanyati oxide-zone minerals, Zimbabwe. Z. Angew. Geol. 45, 15-21.; Frei, Martina (2005) Composition, formation, and leaching behaviour of supergene, polymetallic ores from the Sanyati deposit (Zimbabwe): A case study", "Mindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Public Relations by Blytheweigh. Copyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2021, except where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap contributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members and supporters. Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: November 2, 2021 09:45:39 Page generated: November 2, 2021 01:03:06" ] }, "parsed_md": "Selenite: Mineral information, data and localities.\n\nThank you for your donations large and small - we appreciate your ongoing\nsupport\n\nLog InRegister\n\nAboutSupport UsPhotosDiscussionsSearchLearnMore\n\nHome PageAbout MindatThe Mindat ManualHistory of MindatCopyright StatusWho We\nAreContact UsAdvertise on Mindat\n\nDonate to MindatCorporate SponsorshipSponsor a PageSponsored PagesMindat\nAdvertisersAdvertise on Mindat\n\nLearning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation\nfor EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsBooks & Magazines\n\nMinerals by PropertiesMinerals by ChemistryAdvanced Locality SearchRandom\nMineralRandom LocalitySearch by minIDLocalities Near MeSearch ArticlesSearch\nGlossaryMore Search Options\n\nThe Mindat ManualAdd a New PhotoRate PhotosLocality Edit ReportCoordinate\nCompletion ReportAdd Glossary Item\n\nMining CompaniesStatisticsUsersMineral MuseumsMineral Shows & EventsThe Mindat\nDirectoryDevice SettingsThe Mineral Quiz\n\nPhoto SearchPhoto GalleriesSearch by ColorNew Photos TodayNew Photos\nYesterdayMembers' Photo GalleriesPast Photo of the Day GalleryMineral\nPhotography\n\n# Selenite\n\nThis page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.\n\nPhotos of Selenite (823)\n\nSelenite GallerySearch Photos of Selenite\n\nEdit Add SynonymEdit CIF structuresClear Cache\n\nSelenite, etc.\n\nButte Mining District, Silver Bow County, Montana, USA\n\nSelenite, etc.\n\nBraen Quarry, Haledon, Passaic Co., New Jersey, USA\n\nSelenite\n\nRed River Floodway, Winnipeg, Winnipeg Metro Region, Manitoba, Canada\n\nSelenite, etc.\n\nButte Mining District, Silver Bow County, Montana, USA\n\nSelenite, etc.\n\nBraen Quarry, Haledon, Passaic Co., New Jersey, USA\n\nSelenite\n\nRed River Floodway, Winnipeg, Winnipeg Metro Region, Manitoba, Canada\n\nSelenite, etc.\n\nButte Mining District, Silver Bow County, Montana, USA\n\nSelenite, etc.\n\nBraen Quarry, Haledon, Passaic Co., New Jersey, USA\n\nHide all sections | Show all sections\n\n## About SeleniteHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nFormula:\n\nCaSO_4 · 2H_2O\n\nColour:\n\nColourless, light tints due to included matter\n\nLustre:\n\nVitreous\n\nName:\n\nFrom the Greek σελήυη, for \"moon,\" in allusion to the moon-like white\nreflections of the mineral or to the quality of the light transmitted by\ntranslucent gypsum slabs of cleavages used as windows.\n\nA variety of Gypsum\n\nThe name 'selenite' is mostly synonymous with gypsum but has been used\nhistorically to describe the transparent variety, as opposed to satin spar\ngypsum for the fibrous variety and alabaster for the fine-grained massive\nform.\n\nThe original name was given by J.G. Wallerius in his 1747 book \"Mineralogia,\neller Mineralriket\" (p.50), as 'selenites'. Named from the greek 'σεληνη' (the\nmoon), probably from its pale bluish reflections.\n\nVisit gemdat.org for gemological information about Selenite.\n\n## Physical Properties of SeleniteHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nLustre:\n\nVitreous\n\nTransparency:\n\nTransparent\n\nColour:\n\nColourless, light tints due to included matter\n\nFracture:\n\nMicaceous\n\n## Chemical Properties of SeleniteHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nFormula:\n\nCaSO_4 · 2H_2O\n\nElements listed:\n\nCa, H, O, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry\n\n## Synonyms of SeleniteHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nGlacies Mariæ\n\nMaria-Glass\n\nSelenites\n\n## Other Language Names for SeleniteHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nGerman:Fraueneis Marienglas Selenit Frauenglas (in part)\n\nSimplified Chinese:透石膏\n\nSpanish:Selenita\n\n## Common AssociatesHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nAssociated Minerals Based on Photo Data:\n\n83 photos of Selenite associated with Dolomite| CaMg(CO_3)_2 \n---|--- \n80 photos of Selenite associated with Quartz| SiO_2 \n69 photos of Selenite associated with Calcite| CaCO_3 \n59 photos of Selenite associated with Halite| NaCl \n44 photos of Selenite associated with Siderite| FeCO_3 \n43 photos of Selenite associated with Limonite \n35 photos of Selenite associated with Aragonite| CaCO_3 \n32 photos of Selenite associated with Malachite| Cu_2(CO_3)(OH)_2 \n32 photos of Selenite associated with Pyrite| FeS_2 \n25 photos of Selenite associated with Chalcopyrite| CuFeS_2 \n \n## Other InformationHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nHealth Risks:\n\nNo information on health risks for this material has been entered into the\ndatabase. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.\n\n## References for SeleniteHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nReference List:\n\nSort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)\n\nWallerius, J.G. (1747) Mineralogia, eller Mineralriket. Stockholm: 50.\n\nCronstedt (1758) Försök til Mineralogie, eller Mineral-Rikets Upställning.\n12mo, Stockholm: 18.\n\nPalache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of\nJames Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume\nII. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged,\n1124 pp.: 482-486.\n\n## Internet Links for SeleniteHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nmindat.org URL:\n\nhttps://www.mindat.org/min-5527.html Please feel free to link to this page.\n\nSearch Engines:\n\n* Look for Selenite on Google\n* Look for Selenite images on Google\n\nMineral Dealers:\n\n* Buy from McDougall Minerals\n* Quality Minerals at Fair Prices\n* Top quality minerals from Kristalle of California\n* Fine Minerals from Weinrich Minerals, Inc.\n* Buy rare minerals from Excalibur Minerals\n* Blue Gems Australian & International\n* Quality Mineral Specimens For Sale ~ Cal Neva Mineral Company\n* Wilensky Exquisite Minerals\n* Fabre Minerals - search for Selenite specimens\n* High-end worldwide specimens & outstanding customer service\n* Buy from David K Joyce minerals\n\n## Localities for SeleniteHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\nThis map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude\ncoordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a\nlocality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to\nthat position on the map.\n\n## Locality ListHide\n\nThis section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.\n\n\\- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated\ncoordinates. i - Click for further information on this occurrence. ? -\nIndicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or\nimportant locality for species. - World class for species or very significant.\n(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded\nLocality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was\nerroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this\nlocality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (eg from\npseudomorphs.)\n\nAll localities listed without proper references should be considered as\nquestionable.\n\nAlgeria \n \n--- \n \n * Mostaganem Province\n\n * Sidi Lakhdar District\n\n * Sidi Lakhdar\n\n * i Kieselguhr Quarry\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 17:243. \n \nAngola \n \n * Namibe Province\n\n * Tombwa\n\n * i Baía dos Tigres\n\n| A. M. I. Martins collection \n \nArgentina \n \n * Buenos Aires Province\n\n * Bahía Blanca\n\n * General Daniel Cerri\n\n * i Saladillo de Garcia creek\n\n| C. lemanski, Jr. (re-entry of lost Mindat data). \n \n * Chubut Province\n\n * Languiñeo Department\n\n * i Paso del Sapo\n\n| Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005). \n \n * Neuquén Province\n\n * Loncopué Department\n\n * i Caverna de Chorriaca (Sima de Chorriaca)\n\n| Silvia Barredo (1), Norberto Gabriele (2), Alberto Garrido (3) y Gabriel\nRedonte (4). \"Los principales sistemas de cavernas cársticas de la provincia\ndel Neuquén\".(1) Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Instituto del\nGas y Petróleo (UBA). Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA). E-mail:\nsbarredo@itba.edu.ar (2) Universidad Nacional del Centro, Facultad de Ciencias\nExactas. Centro de Montaña Tandil (CMT) Municipalidad de Tandil. E-mail:\ngabriele@exa.unicen.edu.ar (3) Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales \"Prof.\nDr. Juan A. Olsacher\" - Dirección Provincial de Minería. Zapala, Neuquén.\nE-mail: algene@copelnet.com.ar (4) Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA).\nE-mail: gabriel.redonte@gea.org.ar \n \n * i Caverna de Huitrín (Sima de Huitrín)\n\n| Silvia Barredo (1), Norberto Gabriele (2), Alberto Garrido (3) y Gabriel\nRedonte (4). \"Los principales sistemas de cavernas cársticas de la provincia\ndel Neuquén\".(1) Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Instituto del\nGas y Petróleo (UBA). Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA). E-mail:\nsbarredo@itba.edu.ar (2) Universidad Nacional del Centro, Facultad de Ciencias\nExactas. Centro de Montaña Tandil (CMT) Municipalidad de Tandil. E-mail:\ngabriele@exa.unicen.edu.ar (3) Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales \"Prof.\nDr. Juan A. Olsacher\" - Dirección Provincial de Minería. Zapala, Neuquén.\nE-mail: algene@copelnet.com.ar (4) Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA).\nE-mail: gabriel.redonte@gea.org.ar \n \n * i Caverna del Salado I\n\n| Silvia Barredo (1), Norberto Gabriele (2), Alberto Garrido (3) y Gabriel\nRedonte (4). \"Los principales sistemas de cavernas cársticas de la provincia\ndel Neuquén\".(1) Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Instituto del\nGas y Petróleo (UBA). Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA). E-mail:\nsbarredo@itba.edu.ar (2) Universidad Nacional del Centro, Facultad de Ciencias\nExactas. Centro de Montaña Tandil (CMT) Municipalidad de Tandil. E-mail:\ngabriele@exa.unicen.edu.ar (3) Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales \"Prof.\nDr. Juan A. Olsacher\" - Dirección Provincial de Minería. Zapala, Neuquén.\nE-mail: algene@copelnet.com.ar (4) Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA).\nE-mail: gabriel.redonte@gea.org.ar \n \n * i Caverna del Salado II (Caverna de la Leonera)\n\n| Silvia Barredo (1), Norberto Gabriele (2), Alberto Garrido (3) y Gabriel\nRedonte (4). \"Los principales sistemas de cavernas cársticas de la provincia\ndel Neuquén\".(1) Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Instituto del\nGas y Petróleo (UBA). Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA). E-mail:\nsbarredo@itba.edu.ar (2) Universidad Nacional del Centro, Facultad de Ciencias\nExactas. Centro de Montaña Tandil (CMT) Municipalidad de Tandil. E-mail:\ngabriele@exa.unicen.edu.ar (3) Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales \"Prof.\nDr. Juan A. Olsacher\" - Dirección Provincial de Minería. Zapala, Neuquén.\nE-mail: algene@copelnet.com.ar (4) Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA).\nE-mail: gabriel.redonte@gea.org.ar \n \n * i Caverna del Salado III\n\n| Silvia Barredo (1), Norberto Gabriele (2), Alberto Garrido (3) y Gabriel\nRedonte (4). \"Los principales sistemas de cavernas cársticas de la provincia\ndel Neuquén\".(1) Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Instituto del\nGas y Petróleo (UBA). Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA). E-mail:\nsbarredo@itba.edu.ar (2) Universidad Nacional del Centro, Facultad de Ciencias\nExactas. Centro de Montaña Tandil (CMT) Municipalidad de Tandil. E-mail:\ngabriele@exa.unicen.edu.ar (3) Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales \"Prof.\nDr. Juan A. Olsacher\" - Dirección Provincial de Minería. Zapala, Neuquén.\nE-mail: algene@copelnet.com.ar (4) Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA).\nE-mail: gabriel.redonte@gea.org.ar \n \n * Ñorquín Department\n\n * i Caverna de Reni\n\n| Silvia Barredo (1), Norberto Gabriele (2), Alberto Garrido (3) y Gabriel\nRedonte (4). \"Los principales sistemas de cavernas cársticas de la provincia\ndel Neuquén\".(1) Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Instituto del\nGas y Petróleo (UBA). Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA). E-mail:\nsbarredo@itba.edu.ar (2) Universidad Nacional del Centro, Facultad de Ciencias\nExactas. Centro de Montaña Tandil (CMT) Municipalidad de Tandil. E-mail:\ngabriele@exa.unicen.edu.ar (3) Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales \"Prof.\nDr. Juan A. Olsacher\" - Dirección Provincial de Minería. Zapala, Neuquén.\nE-mail: algene@copelnet.com.ar (4) Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA).\nE-mail: gabriel.redonte@gea.org.ar \n \n * i Picunches Department\n\n| Silvia Barredo (1), Norberto Gabriele (2), Alberto Garrido (3) y Gabriel\nRedonte (4). \"Los principales sistemas de cavernas cársticas de la provincia\ndel Neuquén\".(1) Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Instituto del\nGas y Petróleo (UBA). Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA). E-mail:\nsbarredo@itba.edu.ar (2) Universidad Nacional del Centro, Facultad de Ciencias\nExactas. Centro de Montaña Tandil (CMT) Municipalidad de Tandil. E-mail:\ngabriele@exa.unicen.edu.ar (3) Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales \"Prof.\nDr. Juan A. Olsacher\" - Dirección Provincial de Minería. Zapala, Neuquén.\nE-mail: algene@copelnet.com.ar (4) Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA).\nE-mail: gabriel.redonte@gea.org.ar \n \n * i Caverna del León (Cueva del León)\n\n| Silvia Barredo (1), Norberto Gabriele (2), Alberto Garrido (3) y Gabriel\nRedonte (4). \"Los principales sistemas de cavernas cársticas de la provincia\ndel Neuquén\".(1) Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Instituto del\nGas y Petróleo (UBA). Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA). E-mail:\nsbarredo@itba.edu.ar (2) Universidad Nacional del Centro, Facultad de Ciencias\nExactas. Centro de Montaña Tandil (CMT) Municipalidad de Tandil. E-mail:\ngabriele@exa.unicen.edu.ar (3) Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales \"Prof.\nDr. Juan A. Olsacher\" - Dirección Provincial de Minería. Zapala, Neuquén.\nE-mail: algene@copelnet.com.ar (4) Grupo Espeleológico Argentino (GEA).\nE-mail: gabriel.redonte@gea.org.ar \n \n * i Sierra de la Vaca Muerta\n\n| Tauber, S. (2014). Visita a la zona, Noviembre de 2014. \n \n * Salta Province\n\n * Los Andes Department\n\n * i Salar del Hombre Muerto\n\n| VINANTE, D. y ALONSO, R.N.. Evapofacies del Salar Hombre Muerto, Puna\nargentina: distribucion y genesis. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2006,\nvol.61, n.2, pp. 286-297 \n \n * i Tucumán Province\n\n| Raúl J. Tauber Larry ́s collection \n \n * Burruyacú Department\n\n * El Timbó\n\n * i El Timbó deposit\n\n| Raúl J. Tauber Larry ́s collection. \n \n * Trancas Department\n\n * Tapia\n\n * Vipos\n\n * i Vipos deposit\n\n| Juan C. Porto (1961) - \"Yeso y Sulfatos Alcalinos en Vipos\". Tucumán.\nInstituto Miguel Lillo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Inédito. \n \nAtlantic Ocean \n \n * i Gulf of Mexico\n\n| John Burnham \n \n * Sigsbee Abyssal Plain\n\n * i Challenger Knoll (Challenger salt dome)\n\n| M. Ewing and J. L. Worzel et al (1969). SITE 2. Initial reports of the deep\nsea drilling project, 1, 84-110. \n \nAustralia \n \n * New South Wales\n\n * Wentworth Co.\n\n * i Wentworth\n\n| Gill, E. D. (1973). Geology and geomorphology of the Murray River region\nbetween Mildura and Renmark, Australia. Memoirs of the National Museum of\nVictoria, 34, 1-97. \n \n * Neilpo Station\n\n * Six Mile Creek\n\n * i Casuarina Gulch\n\n \n \n * Yancowinna Co.\n\n * Broken Hill district\n\n * Broken Hill\n\n * i North Mine (North Broken Hill Mine; NBH Mine)\n\n| Trevor Dart \n \n * South Australia\n\n * Eyre Peninsula\n\n * Ceduna\n\n * i Lake MacDonnell Gypsum Mine\n\n| SA Geodata Database, Deposit Number: 390 \n \n * Coffin Bay\n\n * i Lake Greenly Mine\n\n| Open Envelope No. 6384; EL 1304; Lake Greenly, Lake Malata Progress and\nfinal reports to licence expiry for the period 6-9-85 to 5-9-86; Submitted by\nJohn F. Gilfillan and Associates Pty. Ltd. 1987. \n \n * Middleback Range\n\n * Iron Knob\n\n * Corunna Station\n\n * i Lake Gilles Gypsum Deposit\n\n| England, B. M. (1982). Crystallized gypsum from the Playa Lake clays of Lake\nGilles. The Mineralogical Record, 13(3), 187-191. \n \n * i Whyalla\n\n| Rock Currier \n \n * Flinders Ranges\n\n * South Flinders Ranges\n\n * Wilmington\n\n * i Spring Creek Mine\n\n| SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit Details Deposit Number: 6228 \n \n * Stuart Shelf\n\n * i Pernatty Lagoon\n\n| Rob Lavinsky specimens; Ian Bruce collection \n \n * i Mount Gunson Copper mines\n\n \n \n * Victoria\n\n * Gannawarra Shire\n\n * i Lake Charm\n\n| [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com] \n \n * Swan Hill Rural City\n\n * i Chinkapook\n\n| Sutton, Pat: Minerals from Evaporative basins in the Mallee District, Murray\nBasin, South-Eastern Australia, Aust. Jnl of Mineralogy Vol 10 No.1 2004\npp.13-28 \n \n * Towan Plains Faunal Reserve (Towan Plains Nature Conservation Reserve)\n\n * i Chinkapook Lake\n\n| Personal Collection of Mark Willoughby. Sutton, P. (1986) Minerals from\nevaporative basins in the Mallee District, Murray Basin, south-eastern\nAustralia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 10(1), 13-28. \n \n * i Swan Hill\n\n \n \n * Western Australia\n\n * Meekatharra Shire\n\n * Nannine Goldfield\n\n * i Bailey's Island gold area\n\n| Kim McDonald collection \n \n * Menzies Shire\n\n * Comet Vale\n\n * i Sand Queen mines\n\n| Grguric, B. A., Pring, A., Bevan, A. W. R. and Downes, P. J. (2006): The\nMinerals of Comet Vale, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy\n(2006):12: 9-23. \n \nAustria \n \n * Burgenland\n\n * Mattersburg District\n\n * i Pöttsching\n\n| Koritnig, S. (1967) \n \n * Carinthia\n\n * Hermagor District\n\n * Kötschach-Mauthen\n\n * Laas\n\n * i Lammergraben\n\n| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 \n \n * Völkermarkt District\n\n * Eisenkappel-Vellach\n\n * Ebriach\n\n * i Trögern ravine\n\n| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 \n \n * Lower Austria\n\n * Bruck an der Leitha District\n\n * Mannersdorf am Leithagebirge\n\n * i Clay pit\n\n| \\- R. Exel (1993): Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs \n \n * Trautmannsdorf an der Leitha\n\n * i Stixneusiedl\n\n| Harald Schillhammer collection; Collection of city museum Mannersdorf \n \n * Gänserndorf District\n\n * i Deutsch-Wagram\n\n| Harald Schillhammer collection \n \n * Hollabrunn District\n\n * Zellerndorf\n\n * i Brick works\n\n| Kleemann, F. & Kleemann, A. (1992): Pulkauer Gipsrosen. MEFOS 3 (4), 6. \n \n * Korneuburg District\n\n * Leobendorf\n\n * i Teiritzberg\n\n| Harald Schillhammer collection \n \n * Stetten\n\n * i S 1-West motorway construction site\n\n| Harald Schillhammer collection \n \n * Mistelbach District\n\n * Gaweinstal\n\n * Pellendorf\n\n * i Max sand pit\n\n| Harald Schillhammer collection \n \n * Laa an der Thaya\n\n * i Clay pit\n\n| Harald Schillhammer collection \n \n * Neudorf im Weinviertel\n\n * i Rothenseehof\n\n| Harald Schillhammer collection \n \n * Neunkirchen District\n\n * Puchberg am Schneeberg\n\n * i Pfennigbach gypsum mine\n\n| Exel, R. (1993): Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs. Eigenverlag\nR. Exel, 447 pages. \n \n * Schottwien\n\n * i Göstritz\n\n| Hackenberg 2003 \n \n * Semmering\n\n * i Haidbachgraben (Myrthengraben; Myrtengraben; Heidbachgraben)\n\n| Hackenberg 2003 \n \n * Sankt Pölten-Land District\n\n * Obritzberg-Rust\n\n * Winzing\n\n * i Sand pit (NE)\n\n| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) \n \n * Salzburg\n\n * Hallein District\n\n * Abtenau\n\n * Webing\n\n * i Haagen mine\n\n| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) \n \n * i Haagen quarry\n\n| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) \n \n * Hallein\n\n * i Hallein - Bad Dürrnberg salt mine\n\n| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 \n \n * Scheffau am Tennengebirge\n\n * Grubach\n\n * Moosegg (Mooseck)\n\n * i Gypsum mine (Moldan mine)\n\n| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989) \n \n * St. Johann im Pongau District\n\n * Bad Gastein\n\n * Naßfeld valley\n\n * Kniebeißgraben\n\n * i Unnamed adit\n\n| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 \n \n * Bad Hofgastein\n\n * i Gadaunern ravine\n\n| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 \n \n * Pfarrwerfen\n\n * i Höllgraben (Imlau)\n\n| A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989 \n \n * Styria\n\n * Liezen District\n\n * Grundlsee\n\n * Wienern\n\n * i Gypsum mine\n\n| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) \n \n * Tyrol\n\n * Innsbruck-Land District\n\n * Hall\n\n * Hall valley\n\n * i Salt mine\n\n| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) \n \n * Upper Austria\n\n * Gmunden District\n\n * i Ebensee\n\n| Rob Lavinsky specimen \n \n * Hallstatt\n\n * i Salt mine\n\n| R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993) \n \n * Steyr-Land District\n\n * Reichraming\n\n * i Großauer quarry (Grossauer quarry)\n\n| Self collected by Gerhard Brandstetter \n \n * Vorarlberg\n\n * Bludenz District\n\n * St Anton im Montafon\n\n * i Gypsum mine\n\n| Polz, A. (1989): Mineralien aus Vorarlberg. Vorarlberger Verl.-Anst.,\nDornbirn, 80 pp. \n \nBelgium \n \n * Flanders\n\n * Antwerp\n\n * i Niel\n\n| Karel Bal Collection \n \n * Limburg\n\n * Halen\n\n * i Loksbergen\n\n| Martins Da Pedra collection \n \n * Wallonia\n\n * Hainaut\n\n * Lessines\n\n * i Porphyry quarry (CUP quarry)\n\n| Harjo Neutkens collection \n \n * Namur\n\n * Andenne\n\n * Seilles\n\n * i Cimetière quarry\n\n| Harjo Neutkens collection \n \nBolivia \n \n * Potosí\n\n * Cerro Huañaquino\n\n * El Molino\n\n * i Miraflores Formation (stromatolite beds)\n\n| Alfredo Petrov, field observations. \n \nBrazil \n \n * Minas Gerais\n\n * Mariana\n\n * Passagem de Mariana district\n\n * i Passagem mine\n\n \n \n * Nova Lima\n\n * i Morro Velho mine\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 63:43. \n \n * Rio Grande do Sul\n\n * Planalto\n\n * i Santa Lúcia\n\n \n \n * São Paulo\n\n * São Paulo\n\n * i Perus\n\n| Rob Lavinsky specimen \n \nCanada \n \n * Manitoba\n\n * Winnipeg Metro Region\n\n * Winnipeg\n\n * i Birds Hill\n\n| Matile, G.L.D., Betcher, R.N. 1998. Observations on selenite distribution\nwithin the Lake Agassiz clay plain, Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological\nServices, Open File Report 98-6, 6 p. \n \n * i Red River Floodway\n\n| Mr. António Manuel Ináçio Martins.; Mineralogical Record 22:384-5; Matile,\nG.L.D., Betcher, R.N. 1998. Observations on selenite distribution within the\nLake Agassiz clay plain, Manitoba Energy and Mines, Geological Services, Open\nFile Report 98-6, 6 p. \n \n * i Block and Blady Open Pit\n\n| Rob Lavinsky (ex. Martin Lewadny specimen) \n \n * Newfoundland and Labrador\n\n * Newfoundland\n\n * Daniel's Harbor\n\n * i Newfoundland Zinc Mine\n\n| In personal collection - Bill Morgenstern \n \n * Northwest Territories\n\n * i Pine Point\n\n| Can. Rockhound 7(1), 2003 \n \n * Nova Scotia\n\n * Colchester Co.\n\n * i Green Creek howlite occurrence\n\n| Ronnie Van Dommelen collection \n \n * Hants Co.\n\n * i Cheverie\n\n| Sabina, A.P. (1964) Rocks and Minerals for the Collector: Bay of Fundy Area.\nGeological Survey of Canada, Paper 64-10. \n \n * Ontario\n\n * Hamilton\n\n * East Flamborough Township\n\n * i Waterdown area\n\n| Ann P. Sabina, Rocks & Minerals for the Collector: Geoligical Survey of\nCanada Miscellaneous Report 39. Page 138-140, Waterdown Area. \n \n * West Flamborough Township\n\n * Dundas Quarry (Redlands Quarry; Lafarge Quarry; Steetley Quarry; Canada Crushed Stone Quarry)\n\n * i North quarry\n\n| Geological Survey of Canada Misc. Report 39. \n \n * i South quarry\n\n| Collection of Michael Adamowicz \n \n * Hastings County\n\n * Faraday Township\n\n * i Madawaska Mine (Faraday Mine)\n\n| Sabina, Ann P., Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 39,\nMadawaska Faraday Mine, page 42.; Hewitt, D. F. (1967) Pegmatite Mineral\nResources of Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada Industrial Mineral Report 21 \n \n * i Lanark County\n\n| Harley Leach Minerals of Southern-Ontario \n \n * Niagara Region\n\n * Clinton Township\n\n * i Lincoln Quarry (Beamsville Quarry)\n\n| GSC misc report 39- Ann P. Sabina \n \n * i Spring Creek Aggregates\n\n| Donald Lapham \n \n * Niagara Falls\n\n * i Canal dump (Montrose occurrence)\n\n| Van king \n \n * Thorold Township\n\n * i Thorold Quarry (Walker Quarry)\n\n| Van King \n \n * Ottawa\n\n * Fitzroy Township\n\n * i Kingdon Mine (Fitzroy Mine; Galetta Mine)\n\n| GSC Miscellaneous Report 48; Rocks & Min.81(1):62-66 (2006) \n \n * Sudbury District\n\n * Garson Township\n\n * i Garson Mine\n\n| Dylan Simmonds' Collection - I am a core logging geologist with Vale in\nSudbury. I'm just getting started here on Mindat! I have noted some small\nsecondary selenite crystals to 3mm from Garson Mine. They are located within\nan oxidized sulphide zone where we drilled through an old stope. This is\npurely visual identification; the crystals are well formed and clearly show\nthe correct habit. Note that I do not currently have the means to take a\ndecent enough picture. Thanks! \n \n * Timiskaming District\n\n * Gauthier Township\n\n * i Upper Canada mine\n\n| Sabina, A.P. (1974) Rocks and minerals for the collector, Kirkland Lake -\nNoranda - Val d'Or, Ontario and Quebec. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper no.\n73-30. \n \n * Québec\n\n * Abitibi-Témiscamingue\n\n * La Vallée-de-l'Or RCM\n\n * Val d'Or\n\n * i Bevcon mine (Bevcourt mine; Buffadison mine)\n\n| Sabina, A.P. (2003) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake -\nRouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 195-196 p. \n \nChile \n \n * Antofagasta\n\n * Antofagasta Province\n\n * Sierra Gorda\n\n * Caracoles mining district\n\n * Caracoles\n\n * i Santa Catalina Mine\n\n| Mr. Terry Szenics. \n \n * i Restauradora Mine\n\n| Rob Lavinky samples; analysed by XRD methods in USA \n \n * El Loa Province\n\n * Calama\n\n * Cerritos Bayos\n\n * i Colina Larga Mine\n\n| M.Dini & A.Molina collection; minerals confirmed by Dr. Jochen Schluter\nanalysis \n \n * Atacama\n\n * Chañaral Province\n\n * Chañaral\n\n * Las Bombas\n\n * i Carrizalillo mine\n\n| Ruiz Fuller C./Peebles F; \"Geología de los yacimientos Metalíferos de\nChile\"; Fondecyt, Stgo de Chile, 1988. \n \nChina \n \n * Anhui\n\n * Hefei\n\n * Lujiang Co.\n\n * i Shaxi-Changpushang Cu-Au deposit\n\n| Ruqing Ji, Wenya Zhou, and Shilan Zhang (1987): Acta Petrologica et\nMineralogica 6(1), 64-71 \n \n * Guizhou\n\n * i Liupanshui\n\n| Wang Binghua \n \n * Hebei\n\n * Zhangjiakou\n\n * i Zhangbei County\n\n| Hercule Shen \n \nCroatia \n \n * Split-Dalmatia County\n\n * Sinj\n\n * i Slanica mine\n\n| Karlo Bermanec specimen \n \nCzech Republic \n \n * Central Bohemian Region\n\n * i Jílové gold mining district\n\n| Lapis 2000(4), 13-30 \n \n * Karlovy Vary Region\n\n * Karlovy Vary District\n\n * i Jáchymov\n\n| Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65 \n \n * Ústí nad Labem Region\n\n * Teplice District\n\n * i Duchcov\n\n| Strübel, Zimmer: \"Lexikon der Minerale\", 2nd Ed., 1991 \n \nFrance \n \n * Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes\n\n * Isère\n\n * Grenoble\n\n * i Sinard\n\n \n \n * Puy-de-Dôme\n\n * Clermont-Ferrand\n\n * i Royat\n\n \n \n * Grand Est\n\n * Haut-Rhin\n\n * Colmar-Ribeauvillé\n\n * Ste Marie-aux-Mines\n\n * Neuenberg\n\n * Sankt Johann vein\n\n * i La Treille Mine (Les Trois Mine; Les Troys Mine; Zum Treu Mine)\n\n| Wittern, Journée: \"Mineralien finden in den Vogesen\", 1997 \n \n * i Sankt Johann mine (Engelsbourg mine)\n\n| Wittern, Journée: \"Mineralien finden in den Vogesen\", 1997 \n \n * Thann-Guebwiller\n\n * Wattwiller\n\n * i Gypsum occurrence\n\n| J.-L. Hohl: \"Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien\", Editions du Rhin\n(Mulhouse), 1994 \n \n * Ile-de-France\n\n * i Essonne\n\n \n \n * Paris\n\n * i Montmartre\n\n \n \n * Seine-et-Marne\n\n * Meaux\n\n * Annet-sur-Marne\n\n * i Lagny-sur-Marne quarry\n\n \n \n * Nouvelle-Aquitaine\n\n * Pyrénées-Atlantiques\n\n * Oloron-Sainte-Marie\n\n * Carresse-Cassaber\n\n * i Carresse quarry (\"Caresse quarry\")\n\n| Jacques Malassé personal collection; \n \n * Occitanie\n\n * Hérault\n\n * Lodève\n\n * Le Bosc\n\n * Saint-Martin-du-Bosc\n\n * i Les Mares III\n\n| Le Règne Minéral, Hors Série IV, 1998 \n \nGermany \n \n * Baden-Württemberg\n\n * Freiburg Region\n\n * Lörrach\n\n * i Wieden\n\n| Walenta: \"Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes\", Weise (Munich), 1992 \n \n * Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis\n\n * Triberg im Schwarzwald\n\n * Gremmelsbach\n\n * i Steinbissäge (Steinbis tunnel)\n\n| Walenta, K. (1992) Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes und ihre Fundstellan.\nChristian Weise Verlag, München, 336 pages [in German]. \n \n * Waldshut\n\n * Dachsberg\n\n * Urberg\n\n * i Gottesehre Mine (Ruprecht Mine; Ruprecht vein)\n\n| Walenta: \"Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes\", Weise (Munich), 1992 \n \n * St Blasien\n\n * Menzenschwand\n\n * i Krunkelbach Valley Uranium deposit\n\n| Walenta: \"Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes\", Weise (Munich), 1992 \n \n * Karlsruhe Region\n\n * Karlsruhe\n\n * Bruchsal\n\n * Rollenberg railway tunnel\n\n * i Main cut\n\n| S. Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Rhein-Neckar-Kreis\n\n * Wiesloch\n\n * i Dämmelwald clay pit\n\n| S. Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Bavaria\n\n * Lower Bavaria\n\n * Regen District\n\n * Bodenmais\n\n * i Silberberg Mine\n\n| Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Swabia\n\n * Donau-Ries District\n\n * Donauwörth\n\n * Berg\n\n * i Clay pit\n\n| S. Weiß: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Upper Franconia\n\n * Bayreuth District\n\n * i Brandholz-Goldkronach mining district\n\n| Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Mistelgau\n\n * i Clay Pit\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * Wunsiedel im Fichtelgebirge\n\n * Schirnding\n\n * i Lignite pit\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * Upper Palatinate\n\n * Tirschenreuth District\n\n * Leonberg\n\n * Pfaffenreuth\n\n * i Bayerland Mine\n\n| Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Brandenburg\n\n * Märkisch-Oderland\n\n * Rüdersdorf\n\n * i Limestone quarries\n\n| A. Wittern: \"Mineralfundorte in Deutschland\", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart),\n2001 \n \n * Hesse\n\n * Darmstadt\n\n * Darmstadt-Dieburg\n\n * Messel\n\n * i Messel Mine\n\n| Aufschluss 1980(6), 192-204 \n \n * i Prinz von Hessen Mine\n\n| Aufschluss 1980(6), 192-204 \n \n * Main-Taunus-Kreis\n\n * Flörsheim am Main\n\n * i Flörsheim clay pit\n\n| S. Weiss: Mineralfundstellen Deutschland West, Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Kassel Region\n\n * Fulda\n\n * Neuhof\n\n * Giesel\n\n * i Himmelsberg\n\n| S. Weiß: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Hersfeld-Rotenburg\n\n * Bebra\n\n * Iba\n\n * i Wolfsberg Mine\n\n| Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Nentershausen\n\n * Süß\n\n * i Richelsdorf Smelter\n\n \n \n * i Richelsdorf mining district\n\n| Schnorrer-Köhler, G. (1988) Mineralogische Notizen IV. Der Aufschluss, 39,\n153-168. \n \n * Lower Saxony\n\n * Brunswick\n\n * Volkmarode\n\n * i Moorhütte Clay Pit\n\n| Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Göttingen District\n\n * Bad Lauterberg\n\n * i Charlotte Magdalena Mine\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * Osterode am Harz\n\n * Förste\n\n * i Niedersachsenwerk gypsum quarry\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * i Ölmühlenberg gypsum pit\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * Hanover Region\n\n * Sehnde\n\n * Müllingen\n\n * i A7 Highway Cut\n\n| Lapis 1984(1), 33 \n \n * Hildesheim District\n\n * Leinebergland\n\n * Duingen\n\n * Weenzen\n\n * i Gypsum pit\n\n| Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Schellerten\n\n * i Farmsen Clay Pit\n\n| Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Lüneburg District\n\n * Lüneburg\n\n * i Lüneburger Kalkberg\n\n| Krul, H. (1969) Geologische zwerftochten. N.V. W.J. Thieme & Cie - Zutphen,\nNetherlands, 161 pp. (in Dutch). \n \n * St Andreasberg Mining District\n\n * Oder valley\n\n * i Oder adit\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * North Rhine-Westphalia\n\n * Arnsberg\n\n * Hagen\n\n * i Donnerkuhle Quarry\n\n| NEUTKENS, H. BAKKER, R. (2008) Interessante Nickelmineralien aus der\nDonnerkuhle im Sauerland. - Lapis 2/2008, 13-17 \n \n * Olpe\n\n * Lennestadt\n\n * i Meggen Mine\n\n| Weiss. \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Cologne\n\n * Aachen\n\n * Stolberg\n\n * Mausbach\n\n * i Diepenlinchen Mine\n\n| Aufschluss 90(2), 111-130 \n \n * i Henriette Shaft\n\n| Aufschluss 90(2), 111-130 \n \n * i Zufriedenheit Mine\n\n| Aufschluss 90(2), 111-130 \n \n * The Ruhr\n\n * Bottrop\n\n * i Franz-Haniel Mine\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * Essen\n\n * Dellwig\n\n * i Christian Levin coal mine\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * Herne\n\n * Baukau\n\n * i Julia coal mine\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * Marl\n\n * Hüls\n\n * i Auguste Victoria coal mine\n\n| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag,\nMünchen, 320 pages. \n \n * Rhineland-Palatinate\n\n * Bad Dürkheim District\n\n * Bad Dürkheim\n\n * i Gypsum Deposit\n\n| Schneider, W. (1984): Gips aus Bad Dürkheim/Pfalz, Aufschluss 35, 153-154 \n \n * Bitburg-Prüm District\n\n * Südeifel\n\n * Eisenach\n\n * i Schnorpfeil Quarry\n\n| in the collection of A. Gehrlein \n \n * Kaiserslautern District\n\n * Otterbach-Otterberg\n\n * Niederkirchen\n\n * i Rauschermühle Quarry\n\n| Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * i Rothenberg quarry (Sattelberg quarry; Kohlenwald)\n\n| Lehmann, J. (1881): Datolith von Niederkirchen im Nahethal, bairische Pfalz,\nZeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie, Vol. 5, pp. 529-532 \n \n * Vulkaneifel District\n\n * Daun\n\n * Üdersdorf\n\n * i Löhley (Liley; Meerfeld Quarry; Slabik Quarry; Scheerer Quarry)\n\n| Lapis 1989(11), 15-25 \n \n * Saarland\n\n * Saarlouis\n\n * Wallerfangen\n\n * Rammelfangen\n\n * i Mathias gypsum pit\n\n| Weiss: \"Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West\", Weise (Munich), 1990 \n \n * Saxony-Anhalt\n\n * Halle (Saale)\n\n * i Seeben\n\n| P Haas collection \n \n * Harz\n\n * Oberharz am Brocken\n\n * Elbingerode\n\n * i Einheit Mine\n\n| Lapis 2003(2), 13-20 \n \n * Wernigerode\n\n * Hasserode\n\n * i Das Aufgeklärte Glück Mine (Aufgeklärtes Glück Mine)\n\n| Wittern: \"Mineralfundorte in Deutschland\", 2001 \n \n * Mansfeld-Südharz\n\n * i Eisleben\n\n \n \n * Saxony\n\n * Vogtlandkreis\n\n * Bösenbrunn\n\n * Schönbrunn\n\n * i Ludwig-Vereinigt Feld Mine\n\n \n \n * Schleswig-Holstein\n\n * Ostholstein\n\n * Fehmarn Island\n\n * i Katharinenhof\n\n| A. Wittern: \"Mineralfundorte in Deutschland\", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart),\n2001 \n \n * i Heiligenhafen\n\n| A. Wittern: \"Mineralfundorte in Deutschland\", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart),\n2001 \n \n * Thuringia\n\n * Gotha District\n\n * Friedrichroda\n\n * i Marienglasgrotte\n\n \n \n * Kyffhäuser District\n\n * Kyffhäuserland\n\n * Rottleben\n\n * i Barbarossa cave (Falkenburg cave; Rottleben cave)\n\n| http://www.kyffnet.de/Ausflugsziele/Barbarossahohle/barbarossahohle.html \n \n * Saale-Holzland District\n\n * Dornburg-Camburg\n\n * Dorndorf-Steudnitz\n\n * i Limestone quarry\n\n| Wittern: \"Mineralfundorte in Deutschland\", 2001 \n \n * Saale-Orla District\n\n * Wurzbach\n\n * Weitisberga\n\n * i Henneberg Quarry\n\n| Wittern: \"Mineralfundorte in Deutschland\", 2001 \n \n * Saalfeld-Rudolstadt District\n\n * Unterwellenborn\n\n * i Kamsdorf\n\n| Wittern: \"Mineralfundorte in Deutschland\", 2001 \n \nGreece \n \n * Attica\n\n * East Attica\n\n * Lavreotiki\n\n * Lavrion Mining District\n\n * Agios Konstantinos (Kamariza)\n\n * Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)\n\n * Hilarion Mine\n\n * i Hilarion Mine No. 50\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * i Jean Baptiste Mine\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * i Kamariza Dump\n\n| LAPIS 24 (7/8) 1999; Wendel, W. and Markl, G. (1999) Lavrion: Mineralogische\nKlassiker und Raritäten für Sammler. LAPIS 24 (7/8):34-52 \n \n * i Serpieri Mine\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Mercati mines\n\n * i Christiana Mine\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Elafos\n\n * Chaos mines\n\n * i Chaos sinkhole\n\n| Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999) \n \n * i Elafos mines\n\n| Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999) \n \n * Elaiochori\n\n * i Villia mines\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Km 3\n\n * Kaminiza mines\n\n * i Esperanza Mine\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Km 3 mines\n\n * i Km 3 open pit\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Legrena Valley\n\n * Megala Pefka Mines\n\n * i Megala Pefka Mine No. 28 (\"Sigia Mine\")\n\n| Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999); Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999) \n \n * i Soureza mines\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Spitharopoussi mines\n\n * i Spitharopoussi Mine No. 16\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Lophos\n\n * i Agrileza mines\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * i Fernando Mine No. 1\n\n| Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999) \n \n * i Maria Mine\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * i Sounion Mine No. 6 (\"Exi Mine\")\n\n| Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999) \n \n * Plaka\n\n * i Paliokamariza mines (Paleokamariza mines)\n\n| Lapis 24, 7/8 (1999) \n \n * Plaka Mines\n\n * i Adami Mine No. 2\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * i Plaka Mine No. 80 (Filoni 80)\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * i Plaka Sulfate Locality (\"Hydrosulfatstollen\")\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Sounion\n\n * Cato Sounio mines\n\n * i Sounion Mine No. 19 (\"Chloridstollen\")\n\n| Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999) \n \n * Vromopoussi\n\n * i Trachykera mines\n\n| Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999) \n \n * Vromopoussi mines\n\n * i Mine No. 09 (Enja Mine; Ennia Mine; Avlaki Mine)\n\n| Lapis, 24, 7/8 (1999) \n \n * Lavrion slag localities\n\n * Agios Nikolaos area\n\n * i Agios Nikolaos Cove slag locality\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Oxygon area\n\n * i Oxygon Cove slag locality\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Panormos area\n\n * i Panormos Cove slag locality\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Passa Limani area\n\n * i Passa Limani Cove slag locality (Pacha Limani Cove slag locality)\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Sounion area\n\n * i Sounion Cove slag locality\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Thorikos area\n\n * i Thorikos Bay slag locality\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Tourkolimanon area\n\n * i Tourkolimanon Cove slag locality\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Vrissaki area\n\n * i Vrissaki Point slag locality\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * Central Macedonia\n\n * Chalkidiki\n\n * Aristotelis\n\n * Kassandra mining district\n\n * Stratoni Project\n\n * i Madem-Lakkos mine\n\n| Karel Bal Collection \n \nIndia \n \n * Rajasthan\n\n * Jaipur district\n\n * i Saladipura Cu-Zn deposit\n\n| Sarkar, S. C., Bhattacharyya, P. K., and Mukherjee, A. D., 1980, Evolution\nof the Sulfide Ores of Saladipura, Rajasthan, India, Economic Geology,\n75:1152-1167. \n \nIreland \n \n * Connacht\n\n * Sligo County\n\n * Ballysadare\n\n * i Abbeytown Mine & Quarry\n\n| Cornwall \n \nItaly \n \n * Lombardy\n\n * Bergamo Province\n\n * i Schilpario\n\n| Capitanio A. Il Ferro della Val di Scalve, Ferrari Grafiche Clusone, 2000,\n159 pp \n \n * Sardinia\n\n * South Sardinia Province\n\n * Villaputzu\n\n * i Baccu Locci Mine (Bacculocceddu Mine)\n\n| Campostrini, I., Gramaccioli, C. M. and Demartin, F. (1999): Orlandiite,\nPb3Cl4(SeO3)3•H2O, a new mineral species, and an associated lead-copper\nselenite chloride from the Baccu Locci mine, Sardinia, Italy. Can. Mineral.\n37, 1493-1498 \n \n * i Sicily\n\n| Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse &\nCo., 108 pages. \n \n * Tuscany\n\n * Grosseto Province\n\n * Massa Marittima\n\n * i Fenice Capanne Mine\n\n \n \n * i Roccastrada\n\n \n \n * i Gypsum quarries\n\n| [ ] \n \n * Livorno Province\n\n * i Rosignano Marittimo\n\n| Marchi, C., Ghilli, G., and Guarguagli, M. (2005) Il Gesso dei tubi -\nPonteginori (Montecatini V.C.). Notiziario del Gruppo Mineralogico \"AUSER\" di\nCecina (LI), 2, 3 (Gennaio/Marzo 2005), 1-10; Orlandi, P. (2006) Siti di\ninteresse minerario e mineralogico della Provincia di Pisa. Provincia di Pisa,\nPiano Territoriale di Coordinamento (approvato con Deliberazione di Consiglio\nProvinciale n. 100 del 27/07/2006), Pisa, 358 pp. \n \n * Pisa Province\n\n * Castellina Marittima\n\n * Marmolaio Valley\n\n * Pomaia\n\n * i Serra Antica alabaster quarries\n\n| G. Carobbi, F. Rodolico (1976): I Minerali della Toscana - Acc. Tosc. Sc. e\nLett. \"La Colombaria\", Leo Olschki Ed. Firenze, pp. 278 \n \nJapan \n \n * Ehime Prefecture\n\n * Niihama City\n\n * Besshi\n\n * i Besshi mine (Bessi mine)\n\n| Rocks & Minerals: 21: 568-569. \n \n * Tochigi Prefecture\n\n * Nikko City\n\n * Ashio\n\n * i Kotaki mine\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 21:580-583. \n \nMalta \n \n * Northern Region\n\n * Mellieħa\n\n * i Ghajn Tuffieha\n\n| Alfred Passath collection \n \nMexico \n \n * Baja California Sur\n\n * Mulegé Municipality\n\n * i Guerrero Negro\n\n| Karel Bal Collection \n \n * i Chihuahua\n\n| Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse &\nCo., 108 pages. \n \n * Aquiles Serdán Municipality\n\n * i Santa Eulalia Mining District\n\n| Rob Lavinsky \n \n * West Camp\n\n * Francisco Portillo\n\n * i Potosí Mine (El Potosí Mine)\n\n| Rob Lavinsky \n \n * Saucillo Municipality\n\n * i Naica\n\n \n \n * i Gibraltar Mine\n\n| Panczner(1987):221. \n \n * i Lepanto Mine\n\n| Smithsonian Institute Collection \n \n * i Naica Mine\n\n| Panczner(1987): 98-351. \n \n * Coahuila\n\n * i Celenita Mine\n\n| Rocks & Min.:59:285. \n \n * Sierra Mojada Municipality\n\n * Sierra Mojada\n\n * i Veta Rica Mine\n\n| Panczner (1987); Dana 7.; American Jour. of Science: 35:23 (1913) \n \n * Durango\n\n * Mapimí Municipality\n\n * Bermejillo\n\n * i La Platosa Mine\n\n| C. Lemanski collection (7039CL). \n \n * Guerrero\n\n * Taxco de Alarcón\n\n * i Chontalpan\n\n| Panczner(1987):80,86. \n \n * Hidalgo\n\n * Pachuca Municipality\n\n * Pachuca de Soto (Pachuca)\n\n * i Encino Mine\n\n| Panczner(1987):222-344. \n \n * Sonora\n\n * Moctezuma Municipality\n\n * Moctezuma\n\n * i Moctezuma Mine (Bambolla Mine)\n\n| Braith, H., Gröbner, J., Langer, G., and Seitz, M. (2001) Moctezumas geheime\nSchätze: Bambolla, Bambollita und San Miguel. Lapis: 26(1): 11-23.; Rewitzer,\nC. (2001) Bambollita, Bambolla, San Miguel und Candelaria: Untertagefunde und\nTypmineralien. Lapis: 26(1): 24-40. \n \nMorocco \n \n * Béni Mellal-Khénifra Region\n\n * Khénifra Province\n\n * i Khoukhet Mine\n\n| [www.thamesvalleyminerals.com] \n \n * Oriental Region\n\n * Jerada Province\n\n * Touissit-Bou Beker mining district\n\n * i Bou Beker (Bou Bekker; Bou Becker)\n\n| Karel Bal Collection \n \n * i Touissit\n\n| Jaan Degreef collection \n \nNamibia \n \n * ǁKaras Region\n\n * Oranjemund Constituency\n\n * Rosh Pinah\n\n * i Rosh Pinah Mine\n\n| Rob Lavinsky / irocks specimen \n \nNew Zealand \n \n * Nelson Region\n\n * Aniseed Valley\n\n * Champion Copper Mine\n\n * i Champion Copper Mine smelter slag locality\n\n| Collection of RJ Martin \n \n * Waikato Region\n\n * Thames-Coromandel District\n\n * i Thames\n\n| Fraser, C. (1910) The Geology of the Thames Subdivision, Hauraki, Auckland.\nNew Zealand Geological Survey, Bulletin No. 10 (New Series), New Zealand\nGovernment, Wellington, 136 pages. \n \n * Wellington Region\n\n * South Wairarapa District\n\n * Whangaimoana\n\n * i Hurupi Stream\n\n| http://www.mineralclub.co.nz/wp/about-the-club/ \n \nNorway \n \n * Nordland\n\n * Rana\n\n * i Reingardsli cave system\n\n| Hege Kilhavn, Ida Marie Gabrielsen, Rannveig Øvrevik Skoglund & Stein-Erik\nLauritzen (2017) Mineral- and Fine-grain Sedimentology of the Reingardslia\nKarst, Rana, North Norway. In 17th International Congress of Speleology (No.\nI, pp. 257-260). Australian Speleological Federation Inc. \n \n * Rogaland\n\n * Karmøy\n\n * Karmøy Island\n\n * i Vigsnes Copper Mines\n\n| A. Österlöf photo and specimen \n \nPeru \n \n * Ica\n\n * Pisco Province\n\n * Pisco\n\n * Paracas\n\n * Otuma village\n\n * i Salinas de Otuma (Las Salinas; Salinas de Paracas)\n\n| ; Karel Bal Collection \n \n * Pisco Umay\n\n * i Lily Mine (Lilly Mine)\n\n| Karel Bal Collection \n \nPoland \n \n * Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n * i Piła County\n\n| Rob Lavinsky. \n \n * Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship\n\n * Lipno County\n\n * i Gmina Dobrzyń nad Wisłą\n\n| Van King \n \n * Lesser Poland Voivodeship\n\n * Kraków City County\n\n * Dębniki\n\n * i Ruczaj\n\n| Kwiatkowski S., (1974) Złoża gipsów mioceńskich Polski południowej, Biul.\nInst. Geol. nr 7 (280) \n \n * Lower Silesian Voivodeship\n\n * Kłodzko County\n\n * Nowa Ruda\n\n * i Piast Mine\n\n| Ulatowska M. (1993) - Mineraly w septariach z Nowej Rudy na Dolnym Slasku.\nArchiwum WNoZ Uniwersytetu Slaskiego \n \n * Lubin County\n\n * Gmina Lubin\n\n * i Lubin Mine\n\n| Vik Vanrusselt Collection \n \n * Polkowice County\n\n * Gmina Polkowice\n\n * i Rudna Mine\n\n| Eric Szeleg photo \n \nPortugal \n \n * Beja\n\n * Mértola\n\n * Corte do Pinto\n\n * i São Domingos Mine\n\n| Rui Nunes 26 Nov 2005 \n \n * Castelo Branco\n\n * Covilhã\n\n * i Panasqueira Mines\n\n| Martins da Pedra collection \n \n * Coimbra\n\n * Soure\n\n * Soure\n\n * i São José do Pinheiro quarry\n\n| António Martins collection \n \n * Guarda\n\n * Gouveia\n\n * Folgosinho\n\n * i Sítio do Castelo Mine (Folgosinho quarry)\n\n| Rui Nunes 26 Nov 2005 \n \n * Leiria\n\n * Alcobaça\n\n * Turquel\n\n * Moita do Poço\n\n * i Vale Rodrigues No. 2 quarry\n\n| Rui Nunes' visit December 2020 \n \n * Leiria\n\n * i Monte Real e Carvide\n\n| Rui Nunes collection \n \n * i S. Lourenço quarry\n\n| Rui Nunes collection \n \n * Monte Redondo e Carreira\n\n * i Montijos quarry\n\n \n \n * Souto da Carpalhosa e Ortigosa\n\n * Ortigosa\n\n * i Picotas quarry\n\n| Rui Nunes 2011 July \n \n * Óbidos\n\n * Santa Maria, São Pedro e Sobral da Lagoa\n\n * i Avarela No. 2 quarry\n\n| Rui Nunes January 2006 \n \n * i Avarela quarry (Senhora da Luz quarry)\n\n| Rui Nunes collection \n \n * Setúbal\n\n * i Sesimbra\n\n| Rui Nunes collection \n \n * Castelo\n\n * i Santana quarry\n\n| Martins da Pedra collection \n \nRomania \n \n * Maramureș\n\n * Baia Mare\n\n * Chiuzbaia (Kisbánya)\n\n * i Herja Mine\n\n \n \n * Cavnic\n\n * i Boldut Mine\n\n| Michael Roarke photo \n \n * i Cavnic Mine (Kapnikbánya)\n\n \n \n * Sălaj\n\n * Boiului Plateau\n\n * i Letca\n\n| Nicu Pascanu Collection \n \nSaudi Arabia \n \n * Tabuk Region\n\n * Gulf of Aqaba\n\n * i Haql\n\n| Charles Creekmur collection \n \nSlovakia \n \n * Banská Bystrica Region\n\n * Banská Bystrica District\n\n * Špania Dolina\n\n * i Špania Dolina deposit\n\n| Pauliš P., Ďuďa R., 2002: Nejzajimavejší mineralogická nalezište Slovenska.\nKuttna, Kutná Hora, 134p. \n \n * Detva District\n\n * Vígľašská Huta - Kalinka\n\n * i Kalinka\n\n| Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p \n \n * Košice Region\n\n * Spišská Nová Ves District\n\n * Spišská Nová Ves\n\n * Novoveská Huta\n\n * i Novoveská Huta U-Mo-Cu deposit\n\n| Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p \n \n * i Tollstein\n\n| Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p \n \n * Prešov Region\n\n * Prešov District\n\n * Červenica\n\n * i Dubník\n\n| Duda,R. et. all.,1981: MIneralogia severnej časti Slanských vrchov.\nMin.Slovaca,Monografia 2, Bratislava, 98p \n \n * Prešov\n\n * i Solivar\n\n| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1-\n3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590 \n \n * Zlatá Baňa\n\n * i Zlatá Baňa deposit\n\n| Duda et. all.,1981:Minerály severnej časti Slanských vrchov.\nMin.Slovca,Monografia 2,Bratislava, 98 p \n \nSouth Africa \n \n * Western Cape\n\n * West Coast District Municipality\n\n * Matzikama Local Municipality\n\n * Kaalberg Farm\n\n * i Galsyfer Mine\n\n| Cole, D. I. (2013) The Metallogeny Of The Calvinia Area. Council for\nGeoscience, Pretoria, South Africa \n \nSpain \n \n * Andalusia\n\n * Almería\n\n * Pulpí\n\n * i Pilar de Jaravía\n\n| http://www.geologyin.com/2016/10/enormous-crystal-geode-discovered-in.htm \n \n * i Quien Tal Pensara Mine (Rica mine)\n\n| [www.thamesvalleyminerals.com] \n \n * Aragón\n\n * i Zaragoza\n\n| Robert Lavinsky specimen \n \n * Castile-La Mancha\n\n * Cuenca\n\n * Enguidanos\n\n * i La Escarabehuela ravine\n\n| Jiménez, R., Calvo, M., Martínez, M.A. and Gorgues, R. (2005). Yacimientos\nde aragonito del Triásico español. Bocamina, (16), 28-93. \n \n * Catalonia\n\n * Lleida\n\n * El Pallars Jussà\n\n * La Vall Fosca\n\n * La Torre de Cabdella (La Torre de Capdella)\n\n * Castell-estaó\n\n * i Eureka mine\n\n| Castillo-Oliver, M.; Melgarejo, J.C.; Torró, L.; Villanova-de-Benavent, C.;\nCampeny, M.; Díaz-Acha, Y.; Amores-Casals, S.; Xu, J.; Proenza, J.; Tauler, E.\nSandstone-Hosted Uranium Deposits as a Possible Source for Critical Elements:\nThe Eureka Mine Case, Castell-Estaó, Catalonia. Minerals 2020, 10, 34. \n \n * Tarragona\n\n * Priorat\n\n * i Morera de Montsant\n\n| Aufschluss 1974(4), 220-223 \n \n * Valencian Community\n\n * Valencia\n\n * i Chelva\n\n| https://www.mindat.org/photo-137897.html \n \n * Domeño\n\n * i CV-35 highway cut\n\n| José Rafael González López. \n \nSweden \n \n * Norrbotten County\n\n * Gällivare\n\n * i Malmberget\n\n| Aksel Österlöf collection \n \nTurkmenistan \n \n * Ahal Province\n\n * Geok Tepe (Gökdepe; Gokdepe)\n\n * Tuarkyr Mountains\n\n * i Beineu-Kyr (Beyneu Kyr)\n\n| Rob Lavinsky \n \nUK \n \n * England\n\n * Buckinghamshire\n\n * Aylesbury Vale\n\n * i Long Crendon\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * Buckingham\n\n * Thornborough Bridge\n\n * i Coombs Quarry\n\n| David Carter \n \n * Cambridgeshire\n\n * East Cambridgeshire\n\n * Mepal\n\n * i Mepal Bridge\n\n| Grguric, B.A. (1998): Journal of the Russell Society, 7, 19-22 \n \n * Cornwall\n\n * Lanner\n\n * i Penstruthal Mine (Bestruthal Mine; incl. North & South Penstruthal Mines)\n\n| Paul De Bondt \n \n * Menheniot\n\n * i Wheal Mary Ann\n\n| No reference listed \n \n * St Just\n\n * Botallack\n\n * Cliff outcrops\n\n * i Stamps and Jowl Zawn (Roscommon Cliff) ?\n\n| Collins, J.H. (1892): A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon\",\n2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton (Truro, UK), 108 pp.; Hutchinson, M.A. (1900):\nMineralogical Magazine 12, 274-281 \n \n * Trewellard\n\n * i Levant Mine\n\n| Paul De Bondt collection \n \n * County Durham\n\n * Kelloe\n\n * i Raisby Quarries (Raisby Hill Quarry)\n\n| http://www.jncc.gov.uk/pdf/gcrdb/GCRsiteaccount2986.pdf \n \n * Stanhope\n\n * i West Pasture Mine\n\n| Collected H Wilkinson 1999 Visual id (see photo uploaded) \n \n * Derby\n\n * i Chellaston Hill\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * Derbyshire\n\n * Amber Valley\n\n * i Crich\n\n| Ford, T., A. Sarjeant & M. Smith (1993) The minerals of the Peak district of\nDerbyshire UK Jour. Mines & Minerals 13:16-55 \n \n * Derbyshire Dales District\n\n * Cromford\n\n * i Bage Mine\n\n| Jones, J. (1982): Bulletin of the Peak District Mines Historical Society\n8(4), 260-261 \n \n * Eyam\n\n * i Glebe Mine\n\n| Ford, T., A. Sarjeant & M. Smith (1993) The minerals of the Peak district of\nDerbyshire UK Jour. Mines & Minerals 13:16-55 \n \n * Matlock\n\n * i Masson Hill and mines\n\n| Ford, T., A. Sarjeant & M. Smith (1993) The minerals of the Peak district of\nDerbyshire UK Jour. Mines & Minerals 13:16-55 \n \n * High Peak\n\n * Castleton\n\n * i Odin Mine\n\n| Carruthers, R.G., and Strahan, A. (1923): Special Reports on the Mineral\nResources of Great Britain, Vol. 26. HMSO Publications (London), 114 pp.;\nFord, T.D., Sarjeant, W.A.S., and Smith, M.E. (1993): UK Journal of Mines and\nMinerals 13, 16-55; Dewey, H., and Smith, B. (1922) Special Rep. Mineral\nResources G.B. 23. \n \n * Edale\n\n * i Mam Tor\n\n| Ford, T., A. Sarjeant & M. Smith (1993) The minerals of the Peak district of\nDerbyshire UK Jour. Mines & Minerals 13:16-55 \n \n * North East Derbyshire District\n\n * i Ashover\n\n| Ford, T., A. Sarjeant & M. Smith (1993) The minerals of the Peak district of\nDerbyshire UK Jour. Mines & Minerals 13:16-55 \n \n * Devon\n\n * East Devon\n\n * Pinhay\n\n * i Pinhay Bay\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Dorset\n\n * North Dorset\n\n * i Gillingham\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Purbeck\n\n * Kimmeridge\n\n * i Clavell's Hard\n\n| Paul Render observation on collected material \n \n * Steeple with Tyneham\n\n * i Brandy Bay\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * i Worbarrow Bay\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Swanage\n\n * i Durlston Bay\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * West Lulworth\n\n * i Lulworth Cove\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * i Mupe Bay\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Worth Matravers\n\n * i Houns Tout\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * West Dorset\n\n * Charmouth\n\n * i Charmouth Beach\n\n| Jason Evans Collection \n \n * Chickerell\n\n * i Chickerell brick pit\n\n| http://www.geologyrocks.co.uk/articles/notes_on_the_semington_by_pass \n \n * Osmington\n\n * i Ringstead Bay\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * East Sussex\n\n * Lewes\n\n * Newhaven\n\n * i Newhaven Cliffs (Fort Hill)\n\n| Bill Gordon collection \n \n * Essex\n\n * Maldon District\n\n * Burnham on Crouch\n\n * i Cliff Reach (North Bank)\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Tendring\n\n * Frinton and Walton\n\n * i Walton-on-the-Naze\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * i Harwich\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * Gloucestershire\n\n * South Gloucestershire\n\n * Aust\n\n * i Aust Cliff\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * Tewkesbury\n\n * Bishops Norton\n\n * i Wainlode Cliff\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Isle of Wight\n\n * i Cowes\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * Freshwater\n\n * i Alum Bay\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * Shalfleet\n\n * Hamstead\n\n * i Hamstead beach\n\n| Self collected. Bill Gordon collection. \n \n * Kent\n\n * Canterbury\n\n * i Herne Bay\n\n| Bill Gordon collection; Rocks & Minerals (1955) 30:377 \n \n * i Folkestone and Hythe District\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * Swale\n\n * Eastchurch\n\n * i Hens Brook\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * i Elmley Hills\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Minster-on-Sea\n\n * i Minster Beach\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * i Norwood Pit\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Warden\n\n * i Warden Point\n\n| Karel Bal Collection \n \n * Leicestershire\n\n * North West Leicestershire\n\n * Bardon\n\n * i Bardon Hill Quarry\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * North Lincolnshire\n\n * i Epworth\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * North Somerset\n\n * i Winford\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp. \n \n * North Yorkshire\n\n * Scarborough\n\n * Burniston\n\n * i Hayburn Wyke\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Fylingdales\n\n * Robin Hoods Bay\n\n * i Hawsker cliffs\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Hinderwell\n\n * i Brackenberry Wyke\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Lebberston\n\n * i Yons Nab\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Lythe\n\n * i Goldsborough Cliffs\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Reighton\n\n * i Speeton cliffs\n\n| Paul \n \n * Stainton Dale\n\n * i Ravenscar Cliffs\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * i Blea Wyke Point\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Northamptonshire\n\n * Corby\n\n * Weldon\n\n * i Weldon Quarry\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Oxfordshire\n\n * Cherwell\n\n * Cassington\n\n * i Cassington Sewage works\n\n| Article in WSM&LC; Journal \n \n * South Oxfordshire\n\n * Forest Hill with Shotover\n\n * i Shotover Hill\n\n| Hall, T.M. (1868): The Mineralogist's Directory. Edward Stanford (London),\n168 pp.; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of\nMineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University\n1837-1892, Volume II: 485 \n \n * Redcar and Cleveland\n\n * Loftus\n\n * i Boulby Cliff\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Rutland\n\n * Ketton\n\n * i Grange Top Quarry\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Somerset\n\n * Somerset West and Taunton\n\n * Kilve\n\n * i Kilve Beach\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Stogursey\n\n * Shurton\n\n * i Lilstock Beach\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Watchet\n\n * i Warren Bay\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Staffordshire\n\n * East Staffordshire\n\n * Hanbury\n\n * i Fauld Mine\n\n| F. Rutley: \"Elements of Mineralogy\", 12th Ed. (1900) \n \n * i Tutbury\n\n| Ford, T., Sarjeant, A., and Smith, M. (1993): UK Journal of Mines and\nMinerals 13, 16-55 \n \n * Staffordshire Moorlands\n\n * Wetton\n\n * i Ecton\n\n| Ford, T., Sarjeant, A., and Smith, M. (1993): UK Journal of Mines and\nMinerals 13, 16-55 \n \n * Warwickshire\n\n * Southam\n\n * i Bishops Itchington Landfill Site\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * i Southam Cement Works Quarry\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Stratford-on-Avon\n\n * i Burton Farm\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Thurlaston\n\n * i Draycote Reservoir site\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * West Sussex\n\n * Horsham\n\n * i Rudgewick Clay Pit\n\n| Paul Render \n \n * Wiltshire\n\n * i Trowbridge\n\n| Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse &\nCo., 108 pages. \n \n * Wales\n\n * Vale of Glamorgan\n\n * i Barry Island\n\n| Garfield, L. and Wellings, D. (2008) Minerals of the Glamorgan Coast: Barry\nIsland and adjacent areas. DVD, published by authors.; Garfield, L. and\nWellings, D. (2008) Extracts from 'Minerals of the Glamorgan Coast: Barry\nIsland and adjacent areas.' Journal of the Russell Society, vol. 11, 64-70. \n \n * i Jackson's Bay\n\n| Garfield, L. and Wellings, D. (2008) Minerals of the Glamorgan Coast: Barry\nIsland and adjacent areas. DVD, published by authors.; Garfield, L. and\nWellings, D. (2008) Extracts from 'Minerals of the Glamorgan Coast: Barry\nIsland and adjacent areas.' Journal of the Russell Society, vol. 11, 64-70. \n \nUSA\n\n|\n\nMason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse &\nCo., 108 pages. \n \n * Arizona\n\n * Apache County\n\n * Cane Valley Mining District\n\n * Yazzie Mesa\n\n * Monument No. 2 channel\n\n * i Monument No. 2 Mine\n\n| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 258; Witkind,\nI.J. & R.E. Thaden (1963), Geology and uranium-vanadium deposits of the\nMonument Valley area, Apache and Navajo Cos., AZ: 116, 121. \n \n * Cochise County\n\n * Benson\n\n * i Benson deposit (Benson Clay deposit)\n\n| Stone, R.W. (1920), Gypsum deposits of the US, USGS Bull. 697: 50. \n \n * Bisbee\n\n * Queen Hill\n\n * i Copper Queen Mine (Halero Mine)\n\n| MRDS database Dep. ID file #10046248, MRDS ID #M241115. \n \n * Land\n\n * i Gypsum claims (Land deposit; Land Gypsum deposit)\n\n| Stone, R.W. (1920), Gypsum deposits of the United States, USGS Bull. 697:\n50. \n \n * Perilla Mountains\n\n * Douglas Mining District (Ash Springs Mining District)\n\n * D Hill area\n\n * i Gypsite Quarries\n\n| Stone, R.W. (1920), Gypsum deposits of the United States, USGS Bull. 697:\n49. \n \n * Ramsey Canyon\n\n * i Hamburg Mine (Wisconsin Mine; Hartford Mine)\n\n| MRDS database Dep. ID file #10046172, MRDS ID #M241004. \n \n * i Saint David area\n\n| Mitchell, 2001. Gem Trails of Arizona \n \n * Whetstone Mining District\n\n * i Southern Whetstone Mountains Gypsum occurrence\n\n| MRDS database Dep. ID file #10060144, MRDS ID #TC10101. \n \n * Gila County\n\n * Globe-Miami Mining District\n\n * Miami-Inspiration Mining District\n\n * Miami\n\n * Sleeping Beauty Peak\n\n * Copper Cities Mine area\n\n * i Copper Cities Mine (Sleeping Beauty Mine; Lost Gulch Mine; Yellow Metal Mine; Diamond-H Mine)\n\n| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 241; Peterson,\nN.P. (1962), Geology and ore deposits of the Globe-Miami district, AZ, USGS PP\n342. \n \n * i Coronado fault area\n\n| Peterson, N.P. (1962), Geology and ore deposits of the Globe-Miami District,\nArizona, USGS PP 342: 75. \n \n * Greenlee County\n\n * Clifton\n\n * i San Francisco River area\n\n| Bearce, 2006. Minerals, Fossils and Fluorescents of Arizona \n \n * La Paz County\n\n * Buckskin Mountains\n\n * Santa Maria Mining District (Planet Mining District; Swansea Mining District; Bill Williams Mining District)\n\n * Swansea\n\n * i Mystery Hill Mine group\n\n| Keith, Stanton B. (1978) State of Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral\nTechnology, Geol. Sur. Br. Bull. 192, Index of Mining Properties in Yuma Co.,\nArizona: 115 (Table 4); Arizona Bureau of Mines file data. \n \n * i Blue Bell Mine\n\n| Keith, Stanton B. (1978) State of Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral\nTechnology, Geol. Sur. Br. Bull. 192, Index of Mining Properties in Yuma Co.,\nArizona: 115 (Table 4). \n \n * Harquahala Mining District\n\n * i A-Z Gypsum Mine\n\n| Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals, 2nd. Edition, Arizona\nDepartment of Mines & Minerals Mineral Report 4, 185 pp. MRDS database Dep. ID\nfile #10023690, MRDS ID #I001098. \n \n * Mohave County\n\n * i Big Sandy Valley\n\n| Dilles, Seth (2008), personal communication to Mindat.org \n \n * i Lucky 44 claim\n\n| Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals AZ Dept. of Mines and\nMineral Resources Mineral Rpt. 4; MRDS file #10023694. \n \n * Navajo County\n\n * i Fort Apache Indian Reservation\n\n| Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 60. \n \n * Show Low\n\n * i Fort Apache Gypsum deposit (Ft. Apache gypsum deposit)\n\n| Dennis Tryon collection \n \n * Winslow Mining District\n\n * Winslow\n\n * i Toltec Divide Area Gypsum deposit\n\n| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 242; Peirce,\nH.W. & T.A. Gerrard (1966), Evaporite deposits of the Permian Holbrook Basin,\nAZ, 2nd. Symposium on Salt. Northern Ohio Geological Soc., Inc. 1: 1-10;\nStone, R.W. (1920), Gypsum deposits of the US, USGS Bull. 697: 51; Galbraith,\nF.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 60. \n \n * Pima County\n\n * Marsh Station vicinity\n\n * Cross Hill\n\n * i Remco Materials Gypsum Mine\n\n| Mr. Roy Parsons, Huachuca City, AZ. \n \n * Quijotoa Mountains\n\n * Quijotoa Mining District\n\n * Ben Nevis Mountain\n\n * i Peer and Peerless group (Quijotoa Mine)\n\n| MRDS database Dep. ID file #10026738, MRDS ID #M000021. \n \n * Sierrita Mountains\n\n * Pima Mining District (Olive Mining District; Mineral Hill Mining District; Twin Buttes Mining District)\n\n * San Xavier\n\n * i Mission complex\n\n \n \n * i Mission Mine (Mission underground mine)\n\n \n \n * i Mission pit\n\n| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 185, 242. \n \n * i San Xavier Mine area\n\n| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 242. \n \n * Santa Cruz County\n\n * Patagonia Mountains\n\n * Harshaw Mining District\n\n * Harshaw\n\n * Hardshell Gulch\n\n * i Hardshell Mine (Manto Mine; Eagle-Picher properties)\n\n| [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com] \n \n * Yavapai County\n\n * Bradshaw Mts (Bradshaw Range)\n\n * Turkey Creek Mining District\n\n * Pine Flat\n\n * i Pine Flat Mine\n\n| MRDS database Dep. ID #10037125, MRDS #M030504. \n \n * Eureka Mining District\n\n * Bagdad\n\n * i Copper King Mine (Lawler Mines)\n\n| Anderson, C.A., et al (1955), Geology and ore deposits of the Bagdad area,\nYavapai County, Arizona, USGS PP 278: 51, 77. \n \n * i Oro Flame Mine (Oro Flame property; American Eagle Mine; Mormon Patent; Old Ohio Patent MS 2025; Gold Bug Mine; Sterling property; Mescal claim; American Eagle Patent; Oro Grand Patent MS 2024)\n\n| MRDS database Dep. ID #10048265, MRDS ID #M800386 \n \n * Yuma County\n\n * Neversweat Ridge-Palomas Mountains\n\n * i Neversweat Mining District (Palomas Mountains Mining District)\n\n| Wilson, E.D. (1933), AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 134: 43. \n \n * i Arkansas\n\n| Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse &\nCo., 108 pages. \n \n * Cross Co.\n\n * Wynne\n\n * i Copperus Creek\n\n| Rocks and Minerals, (1988) 63:104-125 \n \n * Howard Co.\n\n * Briar\n\n * i Certain Teed Gypsum Mine (Briar Gypsum Mine; Weyerhauser Mine; BPB Mine; James Hardy Mine; Dierks Mine)\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 63:111. \n \n * Pike Co.\n\n * Highland\n\n * i Highland Gypsum Quarry\n\n| Rocks & Min.:63:115; Lock, et al(1983). \n \n * Murfreesboro\n\n * Plaster Bluff\n\n * i Plaster Bluff workings\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 63:118. \n \n * Washington Co.\n\n * i Unnamed locality\n\n| Rocks and Minerals, (1988) 63:104-125 \n \n * California\n\n * Calaveras Co.\n\n * Foothill Copper Belt\n\n * Campo Seco Mining District\n\n * Campo Seco\n\n * i Penn Mine (Happy Jack; West Constellation; Satellite; Big Satellite; Hinkcley; Blue Jay; Meteor; Hecla; Little Satellite; Copper Hill; Penn Chemical Works; Campo Seco)\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * Imperial Co.\n\n * Plaster City\n\n * i Yuha Basin\n\n \n \n * Inyo Co.\n\n * China Ranch (Morrison Ranch)\n\n * i Upper Canyon Nitrate deposit (Upper Canyon Niter beds; Nitre Beds; Upper Canyon beds)\n\n| Bailey, Gilbert E. (1902), The saline deposits of California: California\nMining Bureau Bulletin 24: 172; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of\nCalifornia; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 285. \n \n * Darwin Hills\n\n * Darwin Mining District\n\n * Darwin\n\n * i Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine)\n\n| Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt\nPress: 285. \n \n * Inyo Mts (Inyo Range)\n\n * Malpais Mesa\n\n * i Santa Rosa Mine (Lee-Santa Rosa Mine; Santa Rosa Mines)\n\n| Kampf, A. R., Mills, S. J., & Nash, B. P. (2016). PREPUBLICATION:\nPauladamsite, Cu4 (SeO3)(SO4)(OH) 4· 2H2O, a new mineral from the Santa Rosa\nmine, Darwin district, California, USA. Mineralogical Magazine. \n \n * Kern Co.\n\n * Boron\n\n * i Kramer Borate deposit\n\n| Morgan, V. and Erd, R.C. (1969) Minerals of the Kramer borate district,\nCalifornia California Division of Mines and Geology Mineral Information\nService: 22(9&10): 152; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van\nNostrand Reinholt Press: 286. \n \n * San Joaquin Valley\n\n * i Kern County Gypsite deposits\n\n| Troxel, Bennie Wyatt & P.K. Morton (1962), Mines and mineral resources of\nKern County, California: California Division Mines & Geology County Report 1,\n370 pp.: 197-209; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van\nNostrand Reinholt Press: 286. \n \n * Los Angeles Co.\n\n * Calabasas\n\n * i Calabasas Highlands\n\n| Rader, W.L. (1989), Calabasas Highlands Selenite Crystals. Bull. Min. Soc.\nSo. Calif.: 59(7) (Jul 1989): 11. \n \n * Encino\n\n * Encino Reservoir area\n\n * i Unnamed Gypsum occurrence\n\n| Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt\nPress: 286-287; Sharp, W.E. (1959) Minerals from Los Angeles County,\nCalifornia. Printed privately, Los Angeles, California: 22. \n \n * San Pedro\n\n * i Point Fermin\n\n| http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/reports/reprints/Wong_CSR_22.pdf \n \n * i Marin Co.\n\n| Pelletier, 1962. Mineral Species & Localities of Marin County \n \n * Mono Co.\n\n * i Mono Lake\n\n| Russell, Israel Cook (1889), Quaternary history of Mono Valley, California:\nUSGS 8th. Annual Report: 311; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of\nCalifornia; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 287. \n \n * Riverside Co.\n\n * Crestmore\n\n * Crestmore quarries\n\n * Sky Blue Hill\n\n * i Commercial Quarry\n\n| AmMin 26:352-381 \n \n * i Lone Star Quarry\n\n| Woodford, A.O., Crippen, R.A., and Garner, K.B. (1941) Section Across\nCommercial Quarry, Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist: 26: 368;\nPemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 287. \n \n * San Bernardino Co.\n\n * Owlshead Mountains\n\n * Owl Hole Springs\n\n * i Owl Hole deposit (Owl Hole Gypsum prospect group; Owl Hole Spring deposit)\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * i Searles Lake\n\n| Gale, Hoyt Stoddard (1915), Mineralogy of the Searles Lake deposits in\nSalines in the Owens, Searles, and Panamint basins, southeastern California:\nUSGS Bulletin 580: 296-308 \n \n * Ward Valley\n\n * Salt Marsh (Saltmarsh)\n\n * Danby Dry Lake\n\n * i Danby Dry Lake occurrences\n\n| Allen, Robert D. & Henry C. Kramer (1953), Occurrence of bassanite in two\ndesert areas in southeastern California: American Mineralogist: 38: 1266; Ver\nPlanck, Wm. E., Jr. (1952), Gypsum in California: California Division Mines\nBulletin 163: 48; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van\nNostrand Reinholt Press: 287. \n \n * Santa Barbara Co.\n\n * Channel Islands\n\n * Channel Islands National Park\n\n * Santa Rosa Island\n\n * i Unspecified Gypsum occurrence [1]\n\n| Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial\nVolume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 211. \n \n * Santa Ynez Mountains\n\n * Gaviota Pass\n\n * Hollister Ranch\n\n * Canada del Ore\n\n * i Drake Radio Tower area\n\n| Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial\nVolume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 211;\nPemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt\nPress: 288. \n \n * Ventura Co.\n\n * San Emigdio Mountains\n\n * Ventura County Borate Mining District (Stauffer Mining District)\n\n * Lake of the Woods area\n\n * Lockwood Valley\n\n * i Russell Mine\n\n| Gale, Hoyt Stoddard (1914c), Borate deposits in Ventura County, California:\nUSGS Bulletin 540: 446; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of\nCalifornia, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology\nBulletin 189: 211; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van\nNostrand Reinholt Press: 288. \n \n * Colorado\n\n * Douglas County\n\n * i Perry Park\n\n| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. \n \n * El Paso County\n\n * Calhan\n\n * i Paint Mines\n\n| Pearl, 1958. Colorado Gem Trails & Mineral Guide \n \n * Garden of the Gods and vicinity\n\n * i Fountain Creek\n\n| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. \n \n * i Glen Eyrie\n\n| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. \n \n * Garfield County\n\n * Rifle Creek Mining District\n\n * i Sunshine Lode Mine (Grandview Mine)\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * Hinsdale County\n\n * Lake City Mining District\n\n * Lake City\n\n * i Belle of the East Mine\n\n| Rocks & Min.:10:125. \n \n * Jefferson County\n\n * Lower Clear Creek Area\n\n * i Coon Gulch Clay Pits\n\n| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. \n \n * Larimer County\n\n * i Owl Canyon\n\n| Pearl, 1958. Colorado Gem Trails & Mineral Guide \n \n * Mesa County\n\n * Grand Junction\n\n * i Book Cliffs area\n\n| Eckel, E.B. (1997) Minerals of Colorado. Updated and revised by Cobban, R.R.\net al. Fulcrum Publishing, Golden, Colorado, 665 pages. \n \n * Moffat County\n\n * i Irish Canyon\n\n| Matthew Maneotis, personal observations (2009) \n \n * Maybell Mining District\n\n * i Sugar Loaf Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * i Talking Mountain Mine\n\n| On specimen collected by Matt Maneotis \n \n * Ouray County\n\n * Red Mountain Mining District\n\n * Gray Copper Gulch\n\n * i Silver Mountain Mine\n\n| 2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium abstracts \n \n * San Juan County\n\n * Eureka Mining District\n\n * Gladstone\n\n * Bonita Peak\n\n * i Sunnyside Mine group (American Tunnel Mine; American Tunnel; Gold King Mine; Washington Mine; Belle Creole; Gold Prince; Brenneman Mine; Mogul Mine)\n\n| Rocks & Minerals 75:306-307 \n \n * i Yukon Mine (Gold Hub Mine)\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 63:284-285. \n \n * Connecticut\n\n * Fairfield County\n\n * Danbury\n\n * i Agstone Company Limestone Quarry\n\n| Januzzi, Ronald E. (1959): The Minerals of Western Connecticut and\nSoutheastern New York. The Mineralogical Press, Danbury, Connecticut.;\nJanuzzi, Ronald E. (1976): Mineral Localities of Connecticut and Southeastern\nNew York State. The Mineralogical Press, Danbury, Connecticut.; Ryerson,\nKathleen H. (1972): Rock Hound's Guide to Connecticut. Pequot Press. \n \n * Hartford Co.\n\n * East Granby\n\n * i Roncari Quarry (Tilcon Quarry)\n\n| John Burnham \n \n * Litchfield Co.\n\n * Canaan\n\n * Falls Village\n\n * i Conklin Limestone Company quarry (Falls Village Quarry)\n\n| Harold Moritz collection \n \n * Middlesex Co.\n\n * Durham\n\n * i Reed's Gap Quarry (New Haven Trap Rock quarry; Tilcon Durham quarry)\n\n| Sean Flanagan Specimen \n \n * New Haven Co.\n\n * Southbury\n\n * i O & G Southbury Quarry (Silliman Quarry; O & G No. 2 Quarry)\n\n| Jack Pawlowski specimen \n \n * Florida\n\n * i Hillsborough Co.\n\n| Ernest W. Bishop and Lawrence Dee Jr. (1961) Rocks and minerals of Florida.\nFlorida Geological Survey Special Publication no. 8 \n \n * i Pasco Co.\n\n| Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis Ransom-1974; Ernest W. Bishop and\nLawrence Dee Jr. (1961) Rocks and minerals of Florida. Florida Geological\nSurvey Special Publication no. 8 \n \n * Georgia\n\n * i Chattahoochee Co.\n\n| Gems and Minerals of America-Jay Ellis Ransom-1974 \n \n * Hawaii\n\n * Honolulu County\n\n * Oahu Island\n\n * i Makapuu\n\n| De Carlo, E.H., Swoboda, B. (2017) Mineral Localities in Hawaii. Rocks &\nMinerals: 92(3): 218-235. \n \n * Kauai County\n\n * Kauai Island\n\n * i Waimea\n\n| A preliminary catalogue of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian\nEthnology and Natural History 1892 \n \n * Idaho\n\n * Butte Co.\n\n * Lava Creek Mining District\n\n * i Wolframite Mine (Independence Claims)\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * Illinois\n\n * Hancock County\n\n * i Hamilton\n\n| www.missourigeologists.org/Min-Loc2.pdf. \n \n * i Gray Quarry\n\n| Gems & Minerals 395:28-29 (1970). \n \n * i Jacob's Geode Mine\n\n| E Harrington collection \n \n * Hardin County\n\n * Harris Creek Mining Sub-District\n\n * i Annabel Lee Mine\n\n| specimen in my collection \n \n * Indiana\n\n * Crawford Co.\n\n * i Wyandotte Cave\n\n \n \n * Floyd Co.\n\n * i Floyd County Stone quarry\n\n| Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological\nSurvey Bulletin 18 73pp \n \n * Lawrence Co.\n\n * Huron\n\n * i Baltimore and Ohio Railroad\n\n| Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological\nSurvey Bulletin 18 73pp \n \n * Mitchell\n\n * i Lehigh Portland Cement Co. Quarry\n\n| Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological\nSurvey Bulletin 18 73pp \n \n * Martin Co.\n\n * Shoals\n\n * i U.S. and National Gypsum Co. mines\n\n| www.indiana.edu \n \n * Monroe Co.\n\n * i Harrodsburg\n\n| E Harrington collection \n \n * Owen Co.\n\n * Spencer\n\n * i France Stone Co. quarry\n\n| Erd, R. C. and S.S. Greenburg (1960) Minerals of Indiana. Indiana Geological\nSurvey Bulletin 18 73pp \n \n * i Parke Co.\n\n| Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis Ransom-1974 \n \n * Washington Co.\n\n * Salem\n\n * i Hoosier Quarry\n\n| Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis Ransom-1974 \n \n * Iowa\n\n * i Appanoose Co.\n\n \n \n * i Dallas Co.\n\n| Paul J. Horick (1974) The Minerals of Iowa : Iowa Geological Survey\nEducational Series 2 \n \n * i Franklin Co.\n\n| Paul J. Horick (1974) The Minerals of Iowa : Iowa Geological Survey\nEducational Series 2 \n \n * Madison Co.\n\n * i Peru\n\n| From Bill Wall Collection \n \n * i Mahaska Co.\n\n| Paul J. Horick (1974) The Minerals of Iowa : Iowa Geological Survey\nEducational Series 2 \n \n * i Monroe Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom,1974, Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * i Plymouth Co.\n\n| Paul J. Horick (1974) The Minerals of Iowa ; Iowa Geological Survey\nEducational Series 2 \n \n * Scott Co.\n\n * Buffalo\n\n * i LaFarge Quarry (Buffalo Quarry)\n\n \n \n * Kansas\n\n * Cherokee Co.\n\n * Picher Field\n\n * Treece\n\n * i Mid-Continent Mine\n\n| Kevin Conroy Collection \n \n * Ellis Co.\n\n * i Smoky Hill River locality\n\n| Zeitner (1956), Midwest Gem Trails \n \n * i Kiowa Co.\n\n| Buchanan , Rex (1986) Kansas Rocks and Minerals ; Kansas Geological Survey\nEducational Series # 2 \n \n * Russell Co.\n\n * i Smoky Hill River\n\n| Rocks & Minerals (1955) 30:370 \n \n * i Sedgwick Co.\n\n| Buchanan , Rex (1986) Kansas Rocks and Minerals ; Kansas Geological Survey\nEducational Series # 2 \n \n * i Wichita Co.\n\n| Buchanan ,Rex (1986) Kansas Rocks and Minerals ; Kansas Geological Survey\nEducational Series # 2 \n \n * Kentucky\n\n * Barren Co.\n\n * Cave City\n\n * i Crystal Cave\n\n| Rob Lavinsky (ex. Edwin Skidmore and Robert Batic specimen) \n \n * Hardin Co.\n\n * i Highway Road Cut on US31W near Muldraugh\n\n| Collecting on site \n \n * Jefferson Co.\n\n * i General Shale Products Coral Ridge mine\n\n| Rocks & Minerals 81:420-440 \n \n * Jessamine Co.\n\n * Nicholasville\n\n * i Lexington Quarry Company Catnip Hill quarry\n\n| Rocks & Minerals 81:420-440 \n \n * Meade Co.\n\n * Muldraugh (Fort Knox)\n\n * i Muldraugh dome\n\n| Alan Goldstein (2006) Kentucky Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals\n81:420-440 \n \n * Maryland\n\n * Baltimore Co.\n\n * Bare Hills\n\n * i Bare Hills Copper Mine (Smith Avenue Copper Mine)\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 21:144-145; Ostrander & Price (1940), Minerals of Maryland:\n27. \n \n * Massachusetts\n\n * Berkshire Co.\n\n * i Richmond\n\n| Harvard University specimen #101080 \n \n * Dukes Co.\n\n * Martha's Vineyard\n\n * Aquinnah\n\n * i Gay Head Cliffs\n\n| Robinson, Samuel (1825): A Catalogue of American Minerals, with Their\nLocalities, p.49. \n \n * Franklin Co.\n\n * Deerfield\n\n * i Cheapside Quarry (East Deerfield Quarry; Trew Corp. Quarry)\n\n| Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities; Emerson, B. K (1882)\nThe Deerfield Dyke and its minerals. American Journal of Science 3rd series\nXXIV:270-278,349-359. \n \n * Norfolk Co.\n\n * Plainville\n\n * i Masslite Quarry\n\n| P Cristofono collection \n \n * Worcester Co.\n\n * Hardwick\n\n * i Quabbin Aqueduct shaft No. 10 locality\n\n| Shaub, B. M. (1941): Occurrence and Origin of Babingtonite and Other\nMinerals From Quabbin Aqueduct, Massachusetts (American Mineralogist\n26:121-129.) \n \n * Michigan\n\n * Delta Co.\n\n * Isabella\n\n * Nahma junction\n\n * i Unnamed quarry\n\n| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson \n \n * Huron Co.\n\n * Bay Port\n\n * i Wallace Stone Company Quarry (Wallace Quarry; Bayport Quarry)\n\n| Morris Jr., T. (1983) Michigan Mineralogy: A Locality Index. Rocks &\nMinerals: 58(3): 108. \n \n * Iosco Co.\n\n * Alabaster\n\n * i U.S. Gypsum Co. Quarry\n\n| Morris Jr., T. (1983) Michigan Mineralogy: A Locality Index. Rocks &\nMinerals: 58(3): 108. \n \n * National City\n\n * i National Gypsum Company Quarry\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 58: 108. \n \n * Iron Co.\n\n * Crystal Falls\n\n * i Bristol - Youngstown Mine (Claire; Clare; Bristol; Bristal; Youngstown)\n\n| Morris Jr., T. (1983) Michigan Mineralogy: A Locality Index. Rocks &\nMinerals: 58(3): 111. \n \n * i Mansfield Mine\n\n| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson \n \n * i Kent Co.\n\n| http://www.naturalstorage.com/co.htm \n \n * Grandville\n\n * i Unnamed quarries\n\n| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson \n \n * Wyoming\n\n * i Grand Rapids Gypsum Co. Mine\n\n| Morris Jr., T. (1983) Michigan Mineralogy: A Locality Index. Rocks &\nMinerals: 58(3): 108. \n \n * Marquette Co.\n\n * Gwinn\n\n * i Gardner-Mackinaw Mine\n\n| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson \n \n * National Mine\n\n * i National Mine\n\n| Dana 6: 1086. \n \n * i Menominee Iron Range mining district\n\n| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson \n \n * i Monroe Co.\n\n| Robinson, G.W. (2004) Mineralogy of Michigan by E.W. Heinrich (2nd edition).\nA.E. Seaman Mineral Museum, Michigan Technological University, Houghton,\nMichigan, 252 pages. \n \n * Maybee\n\n * i Maybee Quarry (Scofield Quarry; Michigan Stone and Supply Company Quarry; Borin Brothers Quarry; Woolmith Quarry)\n\n| Morris Jr., T. (1983) Michigan Mineralogy: A Locality Index. Rocks &\nMinerals: 58(3): 108. \n \n * Ontonagon Co.\n\n * Mass City\n\n * i Lake Mine (Great Western Mine; Bohemian)\n\n| Morris Jr., T. (1983) Michigan Mineralogy: A Locality Index. Rocks &\nMinerals: 58(3): 112. \n \n * Wayne Co.\n\n * Trenton\n\n * i Sibley Quarry\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 58: 108. \n \n * Missouri\n\n * Clark County\n\n * i St. Francisville\n\n \n \n * Franklin County\n\n * Stanton\n\n * i Pyrite Mine\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 24:360. \n \n * Montana\n\n * Ravalli Co.\n\n * Eight Mile Mining District\n\n * i White Cloud Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * Silver Bow County\n\n * i Butte Mining District (Summit Valley Mining District)\n\n \n \n * Nebraska\n\n * Cedar Co.\n\n * i Carlile Shale\n\n| R.M. Joeckel, K.D. Wally, B.J. Ang Clement, P.R. Hanson, J.S. Dillon, S.K.\nWilson (2011) Secondary minerals from extrapedogenic per latus acidic\nweathering environments at geomorphic edges, Eastern Nebraska, USA. CATENA,\nVolume 85:253-266 \n \n * Harlan Co.\n\n * i Pierre Shale\n\n| R.M. Joeckel, K.D. Wally, B.J. Ang Clement, P.R. Hanson, J.S. Dillon, S.K.\nWilson (2011) Secondary minerals from extrapedogenic per latus acidic\nweathering environments at geomorphic edges, Eastern Nebraska, USA. CATENA,\nVolume 85:253-266 \n \n * Nevada\n\n * Churchill Co.\n\n * Dixie Marsh Mining District\n\n * i Humboldt Salt Marsh\n\n| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada \n \n * i Lake Lahontan selenite occurrence\n\n| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada \n \n * Clark Co.\n\n * Arden Mining District\n\n * i Great Western quarry\n\n| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada \n \n * Las Vegas Mining District\n\n * i Boulder City deposit\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey (2005) Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * Esmeralda Co.\n\n * Tule Canyon Mining District\n\n * i Cucomungo mine (Siskon mine)\n\n| NBMG Open File Report 79-3 \n \n * Mineral Co.\n\n * Sodaville Mining District\n\n * i Sodaville Hot Springs (Soda Spring; Soda Springs; Sodaville Spring; Sodaville Springs)\n\n| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada \n \n * Pershing Co.\n\n * Antelope Mining District\n\n * i Majuba Hill Mine\n\n| Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne \n \n * Washoe Co.\n\n * i Wedekind Mining District\n\n| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada \n \n * White Pine Co.\n\n * Robinson Mining District\n\n * i Richard mine\n\n| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada \n \n * New Jersey\n\n * Essex Co.\n\n * Livingston Township\n\n * Livingston\n\n * i Riker Hill\n\n| Pollack, R. (1977) Riker Hill, New Jersey -- An Active Collecting Area.\nRocks & Minerals, 52:542. \n \n * Montclair Township\n\n * Upper Montclair\n\n * i McDowell's Quarry (Osborne and Marsellis Quarry)\n\n| Mins. of NYC & Its Environs, NY Min. Club (1931), Manchester, J.G.;\n59-157-183 (1984), Peters, Joseph J.; NJ Geol. Survey Bull. #64 (1960), Mason,\nB. \n \n * Hudson Co.\n\n * Secaucus\n\n * i Laurel Hill (Snake Hill; Penitentiary Quarry)\n\n| Minerals of Laurel Hill, Secaucus, NJ, Facciolla, N.W. (published\nprivately). \n \n * Passaic Co.\n\n * Haledon\n\n * i Braen Quarry (Braen Stone Industry Quarry; Sam Braen Quarry)\n\n| Mineralogical Record, 40:511-524 \n \n * Little Falls Township\n\n * Great Notch\n\n * i Francisco Brothers Quarry (Francisco Quarry)\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 59:157-83, Peters, Joseph J.; Mins. of NYC & Its Environs, NY\nMin. Club (1931), Manchester, J.G.; NJ Geol. Survey Bull. #64 (1960), Mason,\nB.; \n \n * i Houdaille Quarry (Consolidated Stone and Sand Company Quarry; Consolidated Quarry)\n\n| Collected by Vince Rizzo, Specimen currently in Bob Batic collection \n \n * Paterson\n\n * i Lower New Street quarry\n\n| Mineralogical Record: 9:157-179., Peters, T.A. & Peters, J.J. (1978); Rocks\n& Min.: 59:157-183, Peters, Joseph J. (1984). \n \n * i Upper New Street Quarry (Burger's Quarry)\n\n| Mineral Collector 15: 113-118, Papke, H. (1908); Rocks & Min.: 59:157-183,\nPeters, Joseph J. (1984). \n \n * Prospect Park\n\n * i Prospect Park Quarry (Sowerbutt Quarry; Vandermade Quarry; Warren Brothers Quarry)\n\n| Lapidary Jour.: 32:1700-1720, Mins. of the Watchungs, Part II, Vitali, G.\n(1978); Rocks & Min.: 59:157-183 (1984), Peters, J.J.; Quest for NJ Mins., R.\nSpeiser (1978): 18. \n \n * Somerset Co.\n\n * Bernards Township\n\n * i Millington Quarry (Morris County Crushed Stone Co. Quarry; Tilcon Quarry)\n\n| Kent, B.P. and Butkowski, B. (2000): Minerals of the Millington Quarry,\nSomerset County, New Jersey. Mineralogical Record, 31: 411. \n \n * Sussex County\n\n * Byram Township\n\n * Stanhope\n\n * i Hude Mine (Stanhope Mine)\n\n| Dana 6:1066. \n \n * Franklin Mining District\n\n * Ogdensburg\n\n * Sterling Hill\n\n * i Sterling Mine\n\n| Beth Schaefer \n \n * New Mexico\n\n * Bernalillo County\n\n * i Rio Puerco Valley\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i De Baca County\n\n| Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996 \n \n * i Dunlap area\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i Fort Sumner area\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * Doña Ana County\n\n * Organ Mountains\n\n * i Organ Mining District\n\n| Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996) \n \n * i Big Three Mine\n\n| Michael C Michayluk Collection \n \n * i Stevenson-Bennett Mine (Stephenson-Bennett Mine)\n\n| M Massis collection \n \n * Eddy County\n\n * Carlsbad Caverns National Park\n\n * i Carlsbad Caverns (Carlsbad Cavern)\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i Highway 62\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i Lechuguilla Cave\n\n| Donald G. Davis - Extraordinary features of Lechuguilla Cave, Guadalupe\nMountains, New Mexico. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 62(2): 147-157. \n \n * Grant County\n\n * i Alum Mountain Mining District (Alum Mining District)\n\n| Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996) \n \n * Chloride Flat Mining District [includes Silver City Mining District]\n\n * Boston Hill Mining District\n\n * i Mason tunnel\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * Hanover-Fierro Mining District\n\n * i Empire Zinc Mine\n\n| M Massis collection \n \n * Steeple Rock Mining District\n\n * i Carlisle Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey (2005) Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * Lea County\n\n * i Bell Lake Sink\n\n| Carol A. Hill (1993) Barite/Celestite/Selenite/Calcite Mineralization At\nBell Lake Sink, Lea County, New Mexico in New Mexico Geological Society\nGuidebook, 44th Field Conference, Carlsbad Region, New Mexico and West Texas,\n1993 pp317-32 \n \n * Lovington\n\n * i Unspecified occurrences\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * McKinley County\n\n * i Gallup Mining District\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i Nacimiento Mountains Mining District\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * San Juan County\n\n * i Chaco Culture National Historical Park\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * Sandoval County\n\n * i Jemez Springs District\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i Placitas Mining District\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * Santa Fe County\n\n * Cerrillos District\n\n * i Gallisteo\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * Sierra County\n\n * Caballo Mountains Mining District\n\n * i Parker Prospect\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i Pittsburg Mining District\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * Socorro County\n\n * i Hansonburg District\n\n| Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. ed., 1996 \n \n * Bingham\n\n * i Blanchard Mine (Portales-Blanchard Mine; Hansonburg Lead mine; McCarthy Lead mine)\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 64:30. \n \n * i Sunshine No. 1 adit\n\n \n \n * Garden Spring Canyon\n\n * i Hickey No. 1 Mine\n\n| M Massis collection \n \n * i Royal Flush Mine\n\n| Mark Massis Collection \n \n * i Jones District\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i Magdalena Mining District\n\n| Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996) \n \n * i Juanita Mine\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i North Magdalena Mining District\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * Taos County\n\n * Questa\n\n * i BJB prospects (Wilde prospects; Goat Hill Gulch prospects)\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.; J. H. Schilling, (1956) Geology of the\nQuesta Molybdenum Mine Area, Taos County, New Mexico. NMBGMR Bulletin 51. \n \n * Torrance County\n\n * i Estancia Salt Mining District\n\n| Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996 \n \n * Valencia County\n\n * i Belen area\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * i Correo area\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. \n \n * White Sands National Park\n\n * i Lake Lucero area\n\n| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.; 2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium abstracts \n \n * i New York\n\n| The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club\nBull. Vol. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 84. \n \n * Monroe Co.\n\n * i Penfield\n\n| Jensen, David (1978) The Minerals of New York State, p.76 \n \n * i Dolomite Products Quarry (Penfield Quarry; Odenbach Quarry)\n\n| Jensen, David E. (1942), Minerals of the Lockport dolomite in the vicinity\nof Rochester, N.Y. Rocks & Minerals: 17(6): 199-203. \n \n * Niagara Co.\n\n * Lockport\n\n * i LaFarge Corp. Quarry (Frontier Quarry; Frontier Dolomite Products Quarry)\n\n| Donald Lapham Collection \n \n * i New Pekin Quarry\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 22:26-27. \n \n * i Pekin Quarry\n\n| Rocks & Min.: 18:136-137. \n \n * Niagara Falls\n\n * LaFarge Corp. Quarry (Redlands Quarry)\n\n * i Niagara Falls Quarry\n\n| Donald Lapham Collection \n \n * Orleans Co.\n\n * Medina\n\n * i Shelby Crushed Stone Quarry\n\n| Donald Lapham \n \n * Putnam Co.\n\n * Town of Philipstown\n\n * Anthony's Nose\n\n * i Philips Mine (Philips Pyrite Mine; Anthony's Nose Pyrrhotite Mine)\n\n| Rocks & Min.:8:61-65. \n \n * Town of Southeast\n\n * Brewster\n\n * i Interstate 84 road cuts\n\n| Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State, p223-224 \n \n * Ulster Co.\n\n * Rochester\n\n * i Kerhonkson\n\n| Min News 21:8 p 11 \n \n * Wayne Co.\n\n * Walworth\n\n * i Walworth Quarry (Dolomite Products Co. Inc. Quarry)\n\n| New York State Museum mineral collection; specimen number 19993 \n \n * North Dakota\n\n * i Burke Co.\n\n| Geology of Burke County, North Dakota. Bulletin (North Dakota Geological\nSurvey) ;,55, \n \n * Cass Co.\n\n * i Fargo\n\n| Brenna Formation selenite crystals from Fargo, North Dakota (NDGS Newsletter\nSummer/Fall 1996) \n \n * i Hettinger Co.\n\n| Zeitner, 1956. Midwest Gem Trails \n \n * i Stark Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom,1974,Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * i Ohio\n\n| Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse &\nCo., 108 pages. \n \n * Mahoning Co.\n\n * i Ellsworth\n\n| John H. Betts \n \n * i Oklahoma\n\n| Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse &\nCo., 108 pages. \n \n * Alfalfa Co.\n\n * Jet\n\n * i Great Salt Plains\n\n| Reiner Mielke \n \n * i Beckham Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom,1974,Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * i Blaine Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom,1974,Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * i Greer Co.\n\n| Ransom, Jay Ellis (1974) Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * i Harper Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom,1974,Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * i Jackson Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom,1974,Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * i Major Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom,1974,Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * Oregon\n\n * Clackamas Co.\n\n * Clackamas River localities\n\n * i Big Cliff\n\n| Bill Thompkins \n \n * Harney Co.\n\n * i 00 Ranch Road\n\n| T Douglas Schonewald Collection \n \n * Pennsylvania\n\n * Berks Co.\n\n * Morgantown\n\n * i Grace Mine\n\n| Mineralogy of Pennsylvania-1976; Robert C. Smith, pg. 258 \n \n * Fayette Co.\n\n * Gates\n\n * i Gates Mines\n\n| Steve Stuart collection- from CMMA workshop in Burlington, Ontario on\nNovember 14, 2015 \n \n * Lancaster Co.\n\n * Earl Township\n\n * Blue Ball\n\n * i Blue Ball Stone Co. Quarry (Showalter Quarry)\n\n| Mineralogy of Pennsylvania 1966-1976; Smith, Robert C. II, pgs 242-47 \n \n * South Dakota\n\n * i Bon Homme Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom, 1974, Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * Custer Co.\n\n * Custer Mining District\n\n * Custer\n\n * i Bull Moose Mine (Bull Moose pegmatite; Bull Moose lodes)\n\n| Campbell, T.J., Roberts, W.L. (1985) Mineral Localities in the Black Hills\nof South Dakota. Rocks & Minerals: 60(3): 109-118 (117). \n \n * Jewel Cave National Monument\n\n * i Jewel Cave\n\n| Matrix 10:2 pp 81-90 \n \n * i Wind Cave National Park\n\n| http://windcave.areaparks.com/parkinfo.html?pid=17374 \n \n * i Douglas Co.\n\n| Jay ellis Ransom,1974,Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * Harding Co.\n\n * Slim Buttes\n\n * i Hilltop Mine\n\n| SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp \"Mineralogy of the Black Hills\" \n \n * i Lawrence Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom,1974,Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * i Oglala Lakota Co.\n\n| http://www1.eere.energy.gov/tribalenergy/guide/pdfs/pine_ridge_12.pdf \n \n * i Yankton Co.\n\n| Jay Ellis Ransom,1974, Gems and Minerals of America \n \n * Tennessee\n\n * i Marion Co.\n\n| Zeitner ,1968. Appalachian Mineral & Gem Trails \n \n * i Texas\n\n| Mason, A. (1976) The world of Rocks and Minerals. New York, N.Y., Larousse &\nCo., 108 pages. \n \n * Brooks Co.\n\n * Falfurrias\n\n * Gyp Hill Dome (Falfurrias Dome; Loma Blanca)\n\n * i Gyp Hill Quarry\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey,2005,Mineral Resources Data System :U.S Geological\nSurvey,Reston, Virginia \n \n * Culberson Co.\n\n * Rustler Springs\n\n * i Spann-Felch holdings\n\n| Porch, E. L. (1917). The Rustler Springs sulphur deposits. University of\nTexas at Austin. \n \n * Gregg Co.\n\n * i Kilgore\n\n| Mr. William Wall. \n \n * Karnes Co.\n\n * Karnes Uranium Mining District\n\n * i Pfeil Mine\n\n| Bordovsky, Dr. Paul (2006), personal contribution to Mindat.org. \n \n * Nacogdoches Co.\n\n * i Loco Creek Bridge roadcut on Highway 21\n\n| Ransom, Jay Ellis (1974 ) Gems and Minerals of America :pg 547 \n \n * Smith Co.\n\n * Troup\n\n * i Relience Clay pit\n\n| Charles Creekmur \n \n * Sutton Co.\n\n * Edwards Plateau\n\n * i Caverns of Sonora (Mayfield Cave)\n\n| Onac, B., Veni, G. & White, W. B. (2001). Depositional environment for\nmetatyuyamunite and related minerals from Caverns of Sonora, TX (USA).\nEuropean Journal of Mineralogy, 13(1), 135-143. \n \n * Tarrant Co.\n\n * Arlington\n\n * i Interstate highway 30 construction site near highway 360\n\n| Charles Creekmur \n \n * Wharton Co.\n\n * Newgulf\n\n * i Boling Dome (Boling oil field; Newgulf Sulfur Operations)\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey,2005,Mineral Resources Data System :U.S. Geological\nSurvey,Reston, Virginia \n \n * Utah\n\n * Beaver Co.\n\n * San Francisco Mountains\n\n * Preuss Mining District (Newhouse Mining District)\n\n * i Blackbird group\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * i Cactus Mine\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; A.I.M.E.\nTransactions: 48: 67-117 (1915)]: 98 \n \n * Box Elder Co.\n\n * i Great Salt Lake\n\n| Rick Dalrymple \n \n * Emery Co.\n\n * i San Rafael River\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * Grand Co.\n\n * Polar Mesa Mining District\n\n * i Polar Mesa\n\n| Am Min 16:273-277 \n \n * Thompsons Mining District\n\n * i Thompson Springs\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * Yellow Cat Mesa\n\n * i Little Eva Mine\n\n| Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne. \n \n * Iron Co.\n\n * i Cedar Canyon\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * Juab Co.\n\n * Mammoth\n\n * i Ajax Mine (Copperopolis; Sioux Ajax)\n\n| Dana 6:1092; Dana 7:II:579. \n \n * Millard Co.\n\n * Pavant Mountains\n\n * Gordon Mining District\n\n * i Excelsior Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * i Mariposa Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * i New York Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * i Prince Albert Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * i Queen Victoria Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * i Sulfur King Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * i Victor Conqueror Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * Piute Co.\n\n * Antelope Range\n\n * Henry Mining District (Durkee Mining District)\n\n * i Sunny Slope Occurrence\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * Marysvale Mining District (Marysvale Uranium area)\n\n * Marysville\n\n * i Big Rock Candy Mountain\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * i Quicksilver Mine\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * Salt Lake Co.\n\n * Oquirrh Mountains\n\n * Bingham Mining District\n\n * i Broad Gauge Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * i Dixon Mine\n\n| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological\nSurvey, Reston, Virginia. \n \n * Sevier Co.\n\n * i Glenwood\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * i Sigurd\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * Tooele Co.\n\n * Oquirrh Mountains\n\n * Mercur Mining District (Camp Floyd Mining District)\n\n * i Mercur Mine\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * Ophir Mining District\n\n * Ophir\n\n * i Ophir Hill Consolidated Mine\n\n| Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne. \n \n * Wayne Co.\n\n * Caineville\n\n * i Basal Entrada Formation\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * Fremont River\n\n * i South Wash\n\n| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah \n \n * i Hanksville\n\n| Martins da Pedra collection \n \n * Virginia\n\n * Bath Co.\n\n * i Lowmoor Pit\n\n| various added photos \n \n * Buckingham Co.\n\n * Gold-Pyrite Belt\n\n * i Buckingham Mines (Wiseman Mines; incl. Eldridge's Mine; Hesse's Mine)\n\n| Henwood, W.J. (1871): Transactions of the Royal Geological Society of\nCornwall 8(1), 371-384 \n \n * Caroline Co.\n\n * Port Royal\n\n * i River Tie Wharf\n\n| Mitchell, R.S. (1962) New occurrences of jarosite in Virginia. American\nMineralogist, 47, 788-789. \n \n * Carroll Co.\n\n * Southern Section-Blue Ridge Province\n\n * Gossan Lead Mining District\n\n * Galax\n\n * i Gossan Howard Mine\n\n| Penick, D.A. Jr. (1985): Virginia Mineral Locality Index. Rocks & Minerals:\n60(4): 164-170 (166). \n \n * i Hampton (City)\n\n| Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich \n \n * i Prince George Co.\n\n| Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich \n \n * i Washington Co.\n\n| Gems and Minerals of America- Jay Ellis Ransom-1974 \n \n * Wythe Co.\n\n * New River-Cripple Creek Region\n\n * Austinville-Ivanhoe Mining District\n\n * i New Jersey Zinc Company Mine (Austinville Mine)\n\n| Minerals of Virginia, 1990 by R. V. Dietrich \n \n * Washington\n\n * Chelan Co.\n\n * Wenatchee Mining District\n\n * i Squaw Saddle Mountain\n\n| Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975 \n \n * Ferry Co.\n\n * Orient Mining District\n\n * i Jenny Prospect\n\n| Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975 \n \n * Republic Mining District\n\n * Republic\n\n * Copper Mountain\n\n * i Republic Mine (Blaine Republic Mine; New Republic Mine)\n\n| Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975 \n \n * King Co.\n\n * Black Diamond\n\n * i Black Diamond Coal Mine\n\n| Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975 \n \n * Snoqualmie Mining District\n\n * Middle Fork of the Snoqualmie River\n\n * Goldmyer Hot Springs\n\n * i Puffball claim\n\n| J.T. Hilton's Collection \n \n * Okanogan Co.\n\n * Carlton\n\n * i Minne Mine\n\n| Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975 \n \n * West Virginia\n\n * Monongalia Co.\n\n * Monongahela River\n\n * i Lock 13 site\n\n| Zeitner ,1968. Appalachian Mineral & Gem Trails \n \n * i Morgan Co.\n\n| Zeitner, 1968. Appalachian Mineral & Gem Trails \n \n * Pendleton Co.\n\n * i Hively Gap\n\n| Zeitner, 1968. Appalachian Mineral & Gem Trails \n \n * Wisconsin\n\n * Iron Co.\n\n * Gogebic Range\n\n * Montreal\n\n * i Montreal Mine (33 Company Mine; Section 33 Mine)\n\n| Gems and Minerals of America - Jay Ellis Ransom-1974 \n \n * Wyoming\n\n * Big Horn Co.\n\n * Lovell\n\n * i Thermopolis Anticline\n\n| Matt Neuzil \n \n * Carbon Co.\n\n * i Hanna Basin\n\n| Michael Roarke photo \n \n * Crook Co.\n\n * Northern Black Hills Mining District\n\n * i Carlile Mine\n\n| USGS Bull 1082J \n \n * Johnson Co.\n\n * Buffalo\n\n * i I90 roadcut\n\n| Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 20, pp.91-95 (1982) \n \n * Natrona Co.\n\n * i Steele Shale outcrops\n\n| Rocks & Minerals 76:388 \n \n * Platte Co.\n\n * i Hartville Mining District\n\n| Rocks & Minerals 76:389 \n \nZimbabwe \n \n * Mashonaland West\n\n * Kadoma District\n\n * i Sanyati Mine\n\n| Vetter, U., Weck, H.-D., Weale, T., Klosa, D., Wittich, C. and Hoffmann, K.\n(1999): A provisional inventory of the Sanyati oxide-zone minerals, Zimbabwe.\nZ. Angew. Geol. 45, 15-21.; Frei, Martina (2005) Composition, formation, and\nleaching behaviour of supergene, polymetallic ores from the Sanyati deposit\n(Zimbabwe): A case study \n \nQuick NavTopAbout SelenitePhysical Properties Chemical Properties\nSynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesOther InformationReferences Internet\nLinks Localities Locality List\n\nMindat.org is an outreach project of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, a\n501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. Public Relations by Blytheweigh.\nCopyright © mindat.org and the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy 1993-2021,\nexcept where stated. Most political location boundaries are © OpenStreetMap\ncontributors. Mindat.org relies on the contributions of thousands of members\nand supporters. Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Contact Us - Report a\nbug/vulnerability Current server date and time: November 2, 2021 09:45:39 Page\ngenerated: November 2, 2021 01:03:06\n\nGo to top of page\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.old-earth.com:80/article-wands.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191217171802/http://www.old-earth.com:80/article-wands.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Magic Wand Class", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Magic Wand Class\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://magic-spells-and-potions.com/all_magic.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414233905/https://magic-spells-and-potions.com/all_magic.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "All Magic, Spells And Potions Topics At A Glance", "passages": [ "Admin & Site News - What we get up to behind the scenes of MSAP, improvements to the site, news, announcements", "Beauty Spells - Beauty spells, glamors, glamours, spells and rituals to do with how others see us and/or how we see ourselves.", "Essences - Every thing has its own nature and its own essence. A lot of magic is about combining essences to get a good result.", "Fun - Magic is LIGHT. All those dour old men with their convoluted methods have beaten the JOY out of magic. Let's bring it back!", "Magic 4 Kids - Particularly suited for playing with magic and kids and children. Where were you when I was a kid?!", "Magic Art - Magic and art come from the same place. Which is why magic art is such a powerful thing.", "Magic Potions - No, we can't turn your teacher into a slug. But there's much you can do with magic potions...", "Magic Properties - The magical properties of ... things like crystals, salt, metals, herbs, colours - everything has magical properties!", "Meditation - Magic meditations are essential practice for magic skills but they are also as much fun as you can have with your clothes on.", "Metaphysical Art - That's the same as magic art, we keep this section around for the keyword because people look for metaphysical art.", "Misc Spells - Spells for all sorts of occasions, from the cradle to the grave, and probably from conception to re-incarnation as well.", "Protection Spells - Someone got their evil eye on you? Protection spells and protection charms, rituals for you and those you love.", "Psychic Skills - No one can be a great magician without having their psychic circuitry online. Here's how to develop your psychic skills.", "Zauberspruch - That's the German for Magic Spell. We get the odd visitor from Deutschland so these are spells in German." ] }, "parsed_md": "All Magic, Spells And Potions Topics At A Glance\n\n🔍 Search 📧 Get 7 Spells FREE🔑 Login\n\n * Home\n\n * Magic Questions\n * Magic Information\n * Essential Magic\n * Magic 4 Beginners\n * Magic 4 Kids\n * Top 23 Spells\n * MSAP News\n * Surprise me!\n * Free Guide To Magic\n * 📖 Buy Book\n * All Magic\n\n * Love Spell\n * Money Spell\n * Protection Spell\n * Beauty Spells\n * Health Spell\n * Seasonal Spells\n * Magic Potions\n * Magic Games\n\n * Genius Symbol\n * Quick Numerology\n * Online 8 Ball\n * Online Fire\n * Rainbow Angel\n * Energy Magic Essence\n * Online Book of Love Spells\n * Fortune Teller\n * Viking Runes\n * Wishing Well\n * Magic Fun\n * Magic Art\n\n * Magic Symbols\n * Metaphysical Art\n * Magic Clip Art\n * Story & Poem\n * Xtra Magic\n\n * Magic Charms\n * Magic Properties Of ...\n * Magic Meditations\n * Psychic Skills\n * Rituals\n * Angels & Guardians\n * Animal Magic\n * Magic Herbs\n * Essences\n * Zauberspruch\n * Magic Services\n\n * Book On Magic\n * Download Free Guide To Magic\n * Search 4 Magic\n * MSAP On Facebook\n\nMenu\n\n * Magic Home\n * Guide To Magic 🆓\n * Buy Magic Book\n * All Magic Spells\n * Introductions\n * Search 4 Magic\n * Ask SFX\n * Online Magic\n * Magic Art\n * Random Spell\n * Magic Symbols\n * Top 23 Spells\n * SuperMind\n * Magic Network\n * About StarFields\n\nChoose Magic\n\nMagic Spells\n\n * Beauty Spells\n * Health Spell\n * Love Spell\n * Misc Spells\n * Seasonal Spells\n * Money Spell\n * Protection Spell\n * Ask SFX Spells\n * Buy Magic Book\n\nMagic on Facebook!\n\nVisit The Wishing Well & Make A Wish!\n\nLove Spells Book\n\nMagic Symbols Quick Reading\n\nClick On The Magic Bottle!\n\nArt is Magic\n\n * The Mens Are Still Here ...\n * The Blessed Child\n * Favourite Photographs\n * SCIENCE\n * Can Of Worms\n * PLAY SPACE\n * Magic Water Charms\n * A Star Is Born\n * Gold Holographic Spaghetti\n * Swan\n\nRandom Spell\n\n|\n\n# All Magic, Spells & Potions Topics At A Glance\n\n * Main Magic Information, Spells and Magical Activities on this site\n\n * Admin & Site News - What we get up to behind the scenes of MSAP, improvements to the site, news, announcements\n * All About Magic - Important information on the principles of energy magic\n * All Sorts - Magic covers EVERYTHING we do - awake, asleep and in between ...\n * Beauty Spells - Beauty spells, glamors, glamours, spells and rituals to do with how others see us and/or how we see ourselves.\n * Essences - Every thing has its own nature and its own essence. A lot of magic is about combining essences to get a good result.\n * Essential Magic - Those things that no magician, beginner or otherwise, should leave home without.\n * Fairy Magic - Fairies are funny things and have a magic all of their own ...\n * First Aid Spells - Desperate? Need something quick and simple? Check out the quick first aid spells.\n * Fun - Magic is LIGHT. All those dour old men with their convoluted methods have beaten the JOY out of magic. Let's bring it back!\n * Health Spell - Spells, rituals, mediations and magic healing by any other name.\n * Homes & Gardens - Magical things about the home - and the garden!\n * Love Spell - Love spells and magic, including how to break up and heal the heart.\n * Love & Relationships - Magic answers to relationship problems with lovers, family, friends and others.\n * Magic 4 Beginners - Simple, straightforward magic spells, potions, rituals and meditations, lessons for beginners in magic.\n * Magic 4 Kids - Particularly suited for playing with magic and kids and children. Where were you when I was a kid?!\n * Magic Art - Magic and art come from the same place. Which is why magic art is such a powerful thing.\n * Magic Charms - Magic charms, magic jewellery, amulets, keepsakes, guardians, totems and more.\n * Magic Pictures & Images - The name says it all ...\n * Magic Potions - No, we can't turn your teacher into a slug. But there's much you can do with magic potions...\n * Magic Properties - The magical properties of ... things like crystals, salt, metals, herbs, colours - everything has magical properties!\n * Magic Questions - Dear Starfields ... :-)\n * Magic Self Help - Magic is a brilliant tool for self help, personal growth, and personal development!\n * Magic Symbols - Symbols are wonderful ...\n * Magic Tools & Objects - Wands, jujus, magic dolls, staffs and so much more!\n * Magic Stories & Poems - I think the title says it all.\n * Meditation - Magic meditations are essential practice for magic skills but they are also as much fun as you can have with your clothes on.\n * Metaphysical Art - That's the same as magic art, we keep this section around for the keyword because people look for metaphysical art.\n * Misc Spells - Spells for all sorts of occasions, from the cradle to the grave, and probably from conception to re-incarnation as well.\n * Money Spell - Money spells, prosperity spells, rituals, meditations, all things to do with the shiny golden coin.\n * Online Divination - Tarot, Genius Symbols, the magic 8 ball, the fire spell, the wishing well and more besides.\n * Protection Spells - Someone got their evil eye on you? Protection spells and protection charms, rituals for you and those you love.\n * Psychic Skills - No one can be a great magician without having their psychic circuitry online. Here's how to develop your psychic skills.\n * Reviews & Recommends - Reviews of magic related books, films etc. and personal recommendations of magical things.\n * Ritual - Oooh now it's getting serious ... magic rituals and such ...\n * Seasonal Spells - Solstice, Easter, Spring, Summer, Autumn & Winter - there's magic for every season!\n * Soul & Spirituality - The best topic in magic. Doing real energy magic is nectar for the soul!\n * Spell Solutions - Do you have a problem? There may be a spell solution.\n * Spirituality - Magic comes from THE SOUL. It doesn't get any more \"spirit\"ual than that, does it!\n * Visitors Contributions - Useful spells and tips from MSAP visitors.\n * Zauberspruch - That's the German for Magic Spell. We get the odd visitor from Deutschland so these are spells in German.\n\nShare The Magic ...\n\nThe GoE MONEY!!! Course - A Course In Real MONEY MAGIC!\n\n * 👆 More Information\n\n| Daily Symbol| Numerology| 8 Ball| Magic Fire| Angel \n---|---|---|---|--- \nMagic Poem| Love Spells| Fortune| Runes| Wishing Well \n \nAll magic spells, magic articles, text & images by StarFields unless otherwise\nstated. All Rights Reserved In All Media. \n \n * 🆓 Read \"7 Spells That Will Change Your Life\" by StarFields\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.magicwandsofwizardry.com:80/magic-wands_024.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170630030407/http://www.magicwandsofwizardry.com:80/magic-wands_024.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Magic wand instructions", "passages": [ "A wand is a channel and focal point of energy. Our wands can consist of copper, crystals, magnets and wood. Magnets have an energy force that is very similar to their electro-magnetic field. The use of magnets with wands moves energy throughout the wand without the help from the user. The use of magnets greatly aids the beginning wand user, but is not necessary. When the components of the wand are placed together properly, along with being enchanted, an energy tool is created. This tool has the ability to send energy anywhere, to anything. It helps break through energy barriers, promotes healing and can be used to manifest (create) nearly anything the mind can imagine. Wands are flowing energy. HOW DO I USE A WAND? First, rub your hands together vigorously for about ten seconds or more to open up the energy pathways in your hands. Hold the wand in your writing hand. (When writing, you are sending energy from your mind to paper through your writing hand.) Your dominant hand sends the energy and your other hand receives. Feel the wand for a comfortable grip (listen to the wand, it will tell you where as an instinct). Point the wand at your other hand. Envision the energy flowing from your center through your arm into the wand, out the point and into your receiving hand. Whenever sending energy to another person always have their permission first. Never use a wand when you are angry. The wand absorbs that negativity, and you want to release or dilute it, not direct it anywhere specific. Wands, like all subtle energy devices, should be cleansed on a regular basis to keep the energy clean and pure. WHAT CAN I USE THIS ENERGY FOR? Wand energy can be used for healing, concentrating amulets, enchanting common items, balancing and grounding yourself, increasing a skill, or to create your future the way you desire. All types of healing are ways of opening up the energy flow, and breaking down blockages, returning to a balanced state. Stress, nerves, headaches, cuts, and basically all pain, even mental and emotional, can be healed. All of these wounds are blocks in your energy flow. Stress: the energy pathway of “letting go” is blocked. Nerves are energy pathways from the brain. Cuts: the pathways on your skin have been severed. When you are emotionally hurt it is because you aren't letting go of the pain (energy block). Headaches: blockages of blood or another imbalance occurs when the necessary energy cannot reach the brain. Although if the source of the problem is not solved the healing is only temporary, i.e. headache for dehydration, the headache can be relieved but without water it will return soon. HOW DO I RECHARGE MY WAND? Because cells act like batteries, eventually a wand will lose its personal charge resulting in lower energy output. To recharge: place the wand in a specially-built pyramid charger for a strong charge. Or alternately place in sunlight or moonlight (preferably full moon). Or hold the wand in both hands and send energy from your hands into the wand. Envision the wand glowing with a brilliant white light. This may take longer but it helps open up the flow inside of you. Charging the wand with both hands can be draining of your own personal energy when charges are needed often. If you feel drained try pulling in energy in from the bottom of your feet and the top of your head and allow it to gather in the center. Pyramid collectors have the ability to constantly collect energy so the power that is stored from the pyramid is intense and long lasting. Wands are sensitive to energy, picking up vibrations around them. If you allow anyone to handle your wand, be sure that you want their energy in it. It is best to keep your wand wrapped in cloth or in a special wand pouch, to keep the wand isolated from the outside world and the energy pure to you, with no contaminants. Often black, violet, blue or celestial patterns seem to work best, unless your intuition tells you otherwise. CLEANSING: Cleansing is used to remove unwanted energy from your wand. Wands or other objects can be place on Selenite for a period of time to allow cleansing. A few hours for small cleansings and a few days for more needed cleansings, larger pieces of Selenite increase cleansing speed. Another way to cleanse is to use burning sage (smudging). Hold the smoking sage under the wand and envision the smoke absorbing all the negative energy from the wand as it passes. Or place the wand in a river. The moving water washes all unwanted energy away. Be sure to have your wand tied to something secure, so it won't wash away! (Not recommended for wood.)" ] }, "parsed_md": "Magic wand instructions\n\nA wand is a channel and focal point of energy. Our wands can consist of\ncopper, crystals, magnets and wood. Magnets have an energy force that is very\nsimilar to their electro-magnetic field. The use of magnets with wands moves\nenergy throughout the wand without the help from the user. The use of magnets\ngreatly aids the beginning wand user, but is not necessary. When the\ncomponents of the wand are placed together properly, along with being\nenchanted, an energy tool is created. This tool has the ability to send energy\nanywhere, to anything. It helps break through energy barriers, promotes\nhealing and can be used to manifest (create) nearly anything the mind can\nimagine. Wands are flowing energy. HOW DO I USE A WAND? First, rub your hands\ntogether vigorously for about ten seconds or more to open up the energy\npathways in your hands. Hold the wand in your writing hand. (When writing, you\nare sending energy from your mind to paper through your writing hand.) Your\ndominant hand sends the energy and your other hand receives. Feel the wand for\na comfortable grip (listen to the wand, it will tell you where as an\ninstinct). Point the wand at your other hand. Envision the energy flowing from\nyour center through your arm into the wand, out the point and into your\nreceiving hand. Whenever sending energy to another person always have their\npermission first. Never use a wand when you are angry. The wand absorbs that\nnegativity, and you want to release or dilute it, not direct it anywhere\nspecific. Wands, like all subtle energy devices, should be cleansed on a\nregular basis to keep the energy clean and pure. WHAT CAN I USE THIS ENERGY\nFOR? Wand energy can be used for healing, concentrating amulets, enchanting\ncommon items, balancing and grounding yourself, increasing a skill, or to\ncreate your future the way you desire. All types of healing are ways of\nopening up the energy flow, and breaking down blockages, returning to a\nbalanced state. Stress, nerves, headaches, cuts, and basically all pain, even\nmental and emotional, can be healed. All of these wounds are blocks in your\nenergy flow. Stress: the energy pathway of “letting go” is blocked. Nerves are\nenergy pathways from the brain. Cuts: the pathways on your skin have been\nsevered. When you are emotionally hurt it is because you aren't letting go of\nthe pain (energy block). Headaches: blockages of blood or another imbalance\noccurs when the necessary energy cannot reach the brain. Although if the\nsource of the problem is not solved the healing is only temporary, i.e.\nheadache for dehydration, the headache can be relieved but without water it\nwill return soon. HOW DO I RECHARGE MY WAND? Because cells act like batteries,\neventually a wand will lose its personal charge resulting in lower energy\noutput. To recharge: place the wand in a specially-built pyramid charger for a\nstrong charge. Or alternately place in sunlight or moonlight (preferably full\nmoon). Or hold the wand in both hands and send energy from your hands into the\nwand. Envision the wand glowing with a brilliant white light. This may take\nlonger but it helps open up the flow inside of you. Charging the wand with\nboth hands can be draining of your own personal energy when charges are needed\noften. If you feel drained try pulling in energy in from the bottom of your\nfeet and the top of your head and allow it to gather in the center. Pyramid\ncollectors have the ability to constantly collect energy so the power that is\nstored from the pyramid is intense and long lasting. Wands are sensitive to\nenergy, picking up vibrations around them. If you allow anyone to handle your\nwand, be sure that you want their energy in it. It is best to keep your wand\nwrapped in cloth or in a special wand pouch, to keep the wand isolated from\nthe outside world and the energy pure to you, with no contaminants. Often\nblack, violet, blue or celestial patterns seem to work best, unless your\nintuition tells you otherwise. CLEANSING: Cleansing is used to remove unwanted\nenergy from your wand. Wands or other objects can be place on Selenite for a\nperiod of time to allow cleansing. A few hours for small cleansings and a few\ndays for more needed cleansings, larger pieces of Selenite increase cleansing\nspeed. Another way to cleanse is to use burning sage (smudging). Hold the\nsmoking sage under the wand and envision the smoke absorbing all the negative\nenergy from the wand as it passes. Or place the wand in a river. The moving\nwater washes all unwanted energy away. Be sure to have your wand tied to\nsomething secure, so it won't wash away! (Not recommended for wood.)\n\nMerlin's Realm\n\nHome\n\nContact us\n\nProducts\n\nAmulets/Pendants\n\nWholesale\n\nInformation\n\nSacred Geometry\n\nTestimonials\n\nMore Products...\n\nLinks\n\nSite Map\n\nMagic Wands\n\nBack to Wands\n\nPyramids\n\nTerms & Conditions\n\n" } ]
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How To Write a Graduation Speech
To write a graduation speech, choose a structure that will help to communicate your message. For example, you could highlight a few main themes through personal anecdotes or nonfiction stories. Alternatively, you could make a list of 5 to 10 tips that you want to advise the graduating class about. If you have an interesting or powerful personal story, you can use it to illustrate important ideas, such as overcoming adversity or becoming successful.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20200618081046/https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0014-jobs.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418152338/https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0015-wallace.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210609194825/http://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0140-Jimmy-Iovine-Commencement-Speech-at-University-of-Southern-California-2013.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170526004703/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/william-mcguinness/david-foster-wallaces-bri_b_3239411.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170719143810/http://writingcenter.unc.edu:80/handouts/brainstorming/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180625064539/http://www.jostens.com:80/grad/grad_cp_hs_grad_guide_graduation_speech.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111193732/https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/how-to-write-a-graduation-speech.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200609073804/https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0149-Admiral-McRaven-Best-Commencement-Speeches-2014.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210126101517/https://blog.oup.com/2015/05/how-to-write-graduation-speech/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0014-jobs.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200618081046/https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0014-jobs.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "One of the Most Inspirational Commencement Addresses of All Times", "passages": [ "\"Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.\"", "I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That’s it. No big deal. Just three stories.", "I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?", "It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: “We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?” They said: “Of course.” My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.", "And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents’ savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn’t see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn’t interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.", "It wasn’t all romantic. I didn’t have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, I returned Coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:", "Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn’t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and sans serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can’t capture, and I found it fascinating.", "None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But 10 years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, it’s likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backward 10 years later.", "Again, you can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backward. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.", "I was lucky — I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents’ garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4,000 employees. We had just released our finest creation — the Macintosh — a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.", "I really didn’t know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down — that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.", "I didn’t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.", "During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the world’s first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple’s current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.", "I’m pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn’t been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You’ve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. Don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don’t settle.", "When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: “If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.” It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: “If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?” And whenever the answer has been “No” for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.", "Remembering that I’ll be dead soon is the most important tool I’ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything — all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure — these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.", "About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn’t even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor’s code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you’d have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.", "I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I’m fine now.", "This was the closest I’ve been to facing death, and I hope it’s the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:", "No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don’t want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life’s change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.", "Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.", "When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors and Polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: It was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.", "Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you." ] }, "parsed_md": "Steve Jobs | One of the Most Inspirational Commencement Addresses of All Times\n\nGraduation Home\n\nTOP 10 | ALL SPEECHES | QUOTES\n\n# Steve Jobs\n\nCEO of Apple Computers Commencement Address at Stanford University, 2005\n\n\"Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the\ntrap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is\nno reason not to follow your heart.\"\n\nI am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest\nuniversities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this\nis the closest I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell\nyou three stories from my life. That’s it. No big deal. Just three stories.\n\nThe first story is about connecting the dots.\n\nI dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around\nas a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I\ndrop out?\n\nIt started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college\ngraduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very\nstrongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all\nset for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I\npopped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So\nmy parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night\nasking: “We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?” They said: “Of\ncourse.” My biological mother later found out that my mother had never\ngraduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high\nschool. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few\nmonths later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.\n\nAnd 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was\nalmost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents’ savings\nwere being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn’t see the\nvalue in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how\ncollege was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the\nmoney my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and\ntrust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but\nlooking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I\ndropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn’t interest me,\nand begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.\n\nIt wasn’t all romantic. I didn’t have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in\nfriends’ rooms, I returned Coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with,\nand I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good\nmeal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I\nstumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be\npriceless later on. Let me give you one example:\n\nReed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in\nthe country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer,\nwas beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn’t have\nto take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how\nto do this. I learned about serif and sans serif typefaces, about varying the\namount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great\ntypography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way\nthat science can’t capture, and I found it fascinating.\n\nNone of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But 10\nyears later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came\nback to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer\nwith beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in\ncollege, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally\nspaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, it’s likely that no\npersonal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have\nnever dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not\nhave the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to\nconnect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very\nclear looking backward 10 years later.\n\nAgain, you can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them\nlooking backward. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in\nyour future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma,\nwhatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the\ndifference in my life.\n\nMy second story is about love and loss.\n\nI was lucky — I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started\nApple in my parents’ garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years\nApple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company\nwith over 4,000 employees. We had just released our finest creation — the\nMacintosh — a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired.\nHow can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired\nsomeone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for\nthe first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future\nbegan to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board\nof Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What\nhad been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.\n\nI really didn’t know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the\nprevious generation of entrepreneurs down — that I had dropped the baton as it\nwas being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to\napologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even\nthought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn\non me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed\nthat one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided\nto start over.\n\nI didn’t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the\nbest thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being\nsuccessful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure\nabout everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my\nlife.\n\nDuring the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company\nnamed Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife.\nPixar went on to create the world’s first computer animated feature film, Toy\nStory, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a\nremarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the\ntechnology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple’s current\nrenaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.\n\nI’m pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn’t been fired from\nApple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it.\nSometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. I’m\nconvinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did.\nYou’ve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is\nfor your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the\nonly way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And\nthe only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it\nyet, keep looking. Don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know\nwhen you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and\nbetter as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don’t settle.\n\nMy third story is about death.\n\nWhen I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: “If you live each day\nas if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.” It made an\nimpression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the\nmirror every morning and asked myself: “If today were the last day of my life,\nwould I want to do what I am about to do today?” And whenever the answer has\nbeen “No” for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.\n\nRemembering that I’ll be dead soon is the most important tool I’ve ever\nencountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything\n— all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure —\nthese things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly\nimportant. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to\navoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked.\nThere is no reason not to follow your heart.\n\nAbout a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the\nmorning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn’t even know what\na pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer\nthat is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to\nsix months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which\nis doctor’s code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids\neverything you thought you’d have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few\nmonths. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as\neasy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.\n\nI lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where\nthey stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my\nintestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor.\nI was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the\ncells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to\nbe a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had\nthe surgery and I’m fine now.\n\nThis was the closest I’ve been to facing death, and I hope it’s the closest I\nget for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you\nwith a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual\nconcept:\n\nNo one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don’t want to die to\nget there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever\nescaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the\nsingle best invention of Life. It is Life’s change agent. It clears out the\nold to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too\nlong from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to\nbe so dramatic, but it is quite true.\n\nYour time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be\ntrapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people’s\nthinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner\nvoice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and\nintuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything\nelse is secondary.\n\nWhen I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth\nCatalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a\nfellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it\nto life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960s, before personal\ncomputers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters,\nscissors and Polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form,\n35 years before Google came along: It was idealistic, and overflowing with\nneat tools and great notions.\n\nStewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and\nthen when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the\nmid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a\nphotograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself\nhitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: “Stay\nHungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay\nHungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as\nyou graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.\n\nStay Hungry. Stay Foolish.\n\nThank you all very much.\n\nRead the full commencement address »\n\nStanford University Stanford, CA June 12, 2005\n\nPosted on: 04.03.2006\n\nCOMMENCEMENT| BEST SPEAKERS| GRADUATION QUOTES \n---|---|--- \n \nTop 10 Speeches Best Speeches by Year Graduation Advice Speech Writing Help\nArchive: All Speeches\n\n|\n\nBusiness Entertainment Media Arts Sports Science Technology Politics\n\n|\n\nBest Quotes Top 15 Themes Funny Quotes 2014 Graduation Graduation Sketchnotes \n \nHOME | CONTACT\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0015-wallace.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418152338/https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0015-wallace.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "David Foster Wallace", "passages": [ "\"It is unimaginably hard to do this, to stay conscious and alive in the adult world day in and day out.\"", "EXCERPTS There are these two young fish swimming along and they happen to meet an older fish swimming the other way, who nods at them and says \"Morning, boys. How's the water?\" And the two young fish swim on for a bit, and then eventually one of them looks over at the other and goes \"What the hell is water?\"", "... simple awareness; awareness of what is so real and essential, so hidden in plain sight all around us, all the time, that we have to keep reminding ourselves over and over: \"This is water.\" \"This is water.\" ...", "Here is just one example of the total wrongness of something I tend to be automatically sure of: everything in my own immediate experience supports my deep belief that I am the absolute center of the universe; the realist, most vivid and important person in existence. We rarely think about this sort of natural, basic self-centeredness because it's so socially repulsive. But it's pretty much the same for all of us. It is our default setting, hard-wired into our boards at birth. Think about it: there is no experience you have had that you are not the absolute center of. The world as you experience it is there in front of YOU or behind YOU, to the left or right of YOU, on YOUR TV or YOUR monitor. And so on. Other people's thoughts and feelings have to be communicated to you somehow, but your own are so immediate, urgent, real.", "As I'm sure you guys know by now, it is extremely difficult to stay alert and attentive, instead of getting hypnotized by the constant monologue inside your own head (may be happening right now). Twenty years after my own graduation, I have come gradually to understand that the liberal arts cliché about teaching you how to think is actually shorthand for a much deeper, more serious idea: learning how to think really means learning how to exercise some control over how and what you think. It means being conscious and aware enough to choose what you pay attention to and to choose how you construct meaning from experience. Because if you cannot exercise this kind of choice in adult life, you will be totally hosed. Think of the old cliché about quote the mind being an excellent servant but a terrible master. ...", "That is real freedom. That is being educated, and understanding how to think. The alternative is unconsciousness, the default setting, the rat race, the constant gnawing sense of having had, and lost, some infinite thing." ] }, "parsed_md": "David Foster Wallace - Top Ten Commencement Speeches of All Times\n\nGraduation Home\n\nTOP 10 | ALL SPEECHES | QUOTES\n\n# David Foster Wallace\n\nInfluential author, Professor at Pomona College, CA Commencement Address at\nKenyon College, 2005\n\n\"It is unimaginably hard to do this, to stay conscious and alive in the adult\nworld day in and day out.\"\n\nEXCERPTS There are these two young fish swimming along and they happen to meet\nan older fish swimming the other way, who nods at them and says \"Morning,\nboys. How's the water?\" And the two young fish swim on for a bit, and then\neventually one of them looks over at the other and goes \"What the hell is\nwater?\"\n\n... simple awareness; awareness of what is so real and essential, so hidden in\nplain sight all around us, all the time, that we have to keep reminding\nourselves over and over: \"This is water.\" \"This is water.\" ...\n\nHere is just one example of the total wrongness of something I tend to be\nautomatically sure of: everything in my own immediate experience supports my\ndeep belief that I am the absolute center of the universe; the realist, most\nvivid and important person in existence. We rarely think about this sort of\nnatural, basic self-centeredness because it's so socially repulsive. But it's\npretty much the same for all of us. It is our default setting, hard-wired into\nour boards at birth. Think about it: there is no experience you have had that\nyou are not the absolute center of. The world as you experience it is there in\nfront of YOU or behind YOU, to the left or right of YOU, on YOUR TV or YOUR\nmonitor. And so on. Other people's thoughts and feelings have to be\ncommunicated to you somehow, but your own are so immediate, urgent, real.\n\nAs I'm sure you guys know by now, it is extremely difficult to stay alert and\nattentive, instead of getting hypnotized by the constant monologue inside your\nown head (may be happening right now). Twenty years after my own graduation, I\nhave come gradually to understand that the liberal arts cliché about teaching\nyou how to think is actually shorthand for a much deeper, more serious idea:\nlearning how to think really means learning how to exercise some control over\nhow and what you think. It means being conscious and aware enough to choose\nwhat you pay attention to and to choose how you construct meaning from\nexperience. Because if you cannot exercise this kind of choice in adult life,\nyou will be totally hosed. Think of the old cliché about quote the mind being\nan excellent servant but a terrible master. ...\n\nThat is real freedom. That is being educated, and understanding how to think.\nThe alternative is unconsciousness, the default setting, the rat race, the\nconstant gnawing sense of having had, and lost, some infinite thing.\n\nOriginally found at Marginalia.org.\n\nRead the full commencement address »\n\nKenyon College Gambier, OH May 21, 2005\n\nPosted on: 04.19.2006\n\nCOMMENCEMENT| BEST SPEAKERS| GRADUATION QUOTES \n---|---|--- \n \nTop 10 Speeches Best Speeches by Year Graduation Advice Speech Writing Help\nArchive: All Speeches\n\n|\n\nBusiness Entertainment Media Arts Sports Science Technology Politics\n\n|\n\nBest Quotes Top 15 Themes Funny Quotes 2014 Graduation Graduation Sketchnotes \n \nHOME | CONTACT\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0140-Jimmy-Iovine-Commencement-Speech-at-University-of-Southern-California-2013.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210609194825/http://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0140-Jimmy-Iovine-Commencement-Speech-at-University-of-Southern-California-2013.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "", "passages": [ "For full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable JavaScript. Here are the instructions how to enable JavaScript in your web browser." ] }, "parsed_md": "For full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable JavaScript. Here\nare the instructions how to enable JavaScript in your web browser.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/william-mcguinness/david-foster-wallaces-bri_b_3239411.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170526004703/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/william-mcguinness/david-foster-wallaces-bri_b_3239411.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "David Foster Wallace's Brilliant 'This Is Water' Commencement Address Is Now a Great Short Film", "passages": [ "Take a break from reading and watch this fantastic short film -- an adaptation of David Foster Wallace's major commencement speech delivered on May 21, 2005 at Kenyon College. Don't forget to come back, though, to learn why I keep forgetting about it.", "As celebrities' commencement addresses become headlines, it's important to note that \"This Is Water\" is perhaps the greatest commencement speech of all time. In a genre dominated by easy maxims and encouraging one-liners speakers aim at graduates more likely to immediately forget a theme than to carry it with them into their futures, Wallace's endures. I could never forget this theme, so it's perhaps surprising that I don't lean on it more.", "Wallace, an Amherst College graduate, does his alma mater proud in a speech that defends the purpose of a liberal arts education -- a popular topic these days in the age when the cost of a college education is scrutinized with greater fervency than its quality -- but no one has done it like Wallace at Kenyon. The speech warns that much of life is a routine filled with long lines, dead-eyed clerks, empty phrases and scores of minor annoyances that, in total, can either drive a person insane or simply turn him into sort of a dick. He argues that the ability to choose what to think and how to perceive, coupled with an allergy to the automatic responses to our daily annoyances, inform the sympathy and awareness that are the purpose of a quality education.", "Wallace and I shared a professor of moral literature who first passed this speech to me to inspire a column I was to write, and eventually did, as a senior. (It lives still in Google.) I graduated in triumph -- and miraculously -- after a hellish semester that featured the worst grades I'd ever received, shaky job prospects and the sudden and unexpected death of my father at 46 years old. Since I was celebrating and reflecting on a difficult moment I should have learned from, I was eager to summarize, print out and hand in my college experience, and that semester packaged neatly with Wallace's lesson to keep it together. Having digested the speech's essence and having quoted it somewhat gracefully, like many do nowadays, I did just that.", "The only thing that's capital \"T\" True is that you get to decide how you're going to try to see it. This, I submit, is the freedom of real education, of how to be well-adjusted. You get to decide what has meaning and what doesn't. That is real freedom. That is being educated and understanding how to think. The alternative is unconsciousness.", "Now, I smile when the speech inevitably surfaces every commencement season. Because the key word in the above passage is \"try\" and because it takes continuous effort to reframe, contextualize and tolerate the destructive elements of routine, I only remember how good it is about once per year, like I remember how amazing those Reese's Easter Eggs are when April rolls around. My routine eventually overmatched Wallace's epiphany. Turns out, who he describes as an enlightened, fundamentally educated person needs to remind himself of this education millions of times in a week. I know this because I accused a cab driver of taking \"the scenic route\" last night, mostly because I liked the sound of the line and my \"default reaction\" is pretty dickish. Constantly trying is pretty damn trying.", "I expected what fog remained around Wallace's message to gradually lift and further guide my life. In the space between now and then, though, it didn't. I was mixing metaphors. This is water not fog.", "My point, I suppose, is simply that I'm glad the speech is now also a really amazing short film. I plan to watch it often. Kudos to TheGlossary.com, the company that possess the genius to produce the video, and in May to boot. It's on its way to greater Internet virility, which is a good thing. Tuck it away and watch it again and again after graduation, will you?", "Copyright © 2017 TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. \"The Huffington Post\" is a registered trademark of TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. All rights reserved. Part of HuffPost MultiCultural/HPMG News" ] }, "parsed_md": "David Foster Wallace's Brilliant 'This Is Water' Commencement Address Is Now a\nGreat Short Film | HuffPost\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\n * Arabi\n * Australia\n * Brasil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Greece\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * Japan\n * Korea\n * Maghreb\n * México\n * Québec\n * South Africa\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n\nClose\n\nTHE BLOG\n\n05/08/2013 08:20 pm ET | Updated Jul 08, 2013\n\n# David Foster Wallace's Brilliant 'This Is Water' Commencement Address Is Now\na Great Short Film\n\nBy William McGuinness\n\nShutterstock\n\n1k\n\nTake a break from reading and watch this fantastic short film -- an adaptation\nof David Foster Wallace's major commencement speech delivered on May 21, 2005\nat Kenyon College. Don't forget to come back, though, to learn why I keep\nforgetting about it.\n\nTHIS IS WATER - By David Foster Wallace from The Glossary on Vimeo.\n\nAs celebrities' commencement addresses become headlines, it's important to\nnote that \"This Is Water\" is perhaps the greatest commencement speech of all\ntime. In a genre dominated by easy maxims and encouraging one-liners speakers\naim at graduates more likely to immediately forget a theme than to carry it\nwith them into their futures, Wallace's endures. I could never forget this\ntheme, so it's perhaps surprising that I don't lean on it more.\n\nWallace, an Amherst College graduate, does his alma mater proud in a speech\nthat defends the purpose of a liberal arts education -- a popular topic these\ndays in the age when the cost of a college education is scrutinized with\ngreater fervency than its quality -- but no one has done it like Wallace at\nKenyon. The speech warns that much of life is a routine filled with long\nlines, dead-eyed clerks, empty phrases and scores of minor annoyances that, in\ntotal, can either drive a person insane or simply turn him into sort of a\ndick. He argues that the ability to choose what to think and how to perceive,\ncoupled with an allergy to the automatic responses to our daily annoyances,\ninform the sympathy and awareness that are the purpose of a quality education.\n\nWallace and I shared a professor of moral literature who first passed this\nspeech to me to inspire a column I was to write, and eventually did, as a\nsenior. (It lives still in Google.) I graduated in triumph -- and miraculously\n-- after a hellish semester that featured the worst grades I'd ever received,\nshaky job prospects and the sudden and unexpected death of my father at 46\nyears old. Since I was celebrating and reflecting on a difficult moment I\nshould have learned from, I was eager to summarize, print out and hand in my\ncollege experience, and that semester packaged neatly with Wallace's lesson to\nkeep it together. Having digested the speech's essence and having quoted it\nsomewhat gracefully, like many do nowadays, I did just that.\n\n> The only thing that's capital \"T\" True is that you get to decide how you're\n> going to try to see it. This, I submit, is the freedom of real education, of\n> how to be well-adjusted. You get to decide what has meaning and what\n> doesn't. That is real freedom. That is being educated and understanding how\n> to think. The alternative is unconsciousness.\n\nWoah. I was conscious. I was changed -- sort of.\n\nNow, I smile when the speech inevitably surfaces every commencement season.\nBecause the key word in the above passage is \"try\" and because it takes\ncontinuous effort to reframe, contextualize and tolerate the destructive\nelements of routine, I only remember how good it is about once per year, like\nI remember how amazing those Reese's Easter Eggs are when April rolls around.\nMy routine eventually overmatched Wallace's epiphany. Turns out, who he\ndescribes as an enlightened, fundamentally educated person needs to remind\nhimself of this education millions of times in a week. I know this because I\naccused a cab driver of taking \"the scenic route\" last night, mostly because I\nliked the sound of the line and my \"default reaction\" is pretty dickish.\nConstantly trying is pretty damn trying.\n\nI expected what fog remained around Wallace's message to gradually lift and\nfurther guide my life. In the space between now and then, though, it didn't. I\nwas mixing metaphors. This is water not fog.\n\nMy point, I suppose, is simply that I'm glad the speech is now also a really\namazing short film. I plan to watch it often. Kudos to TheGlossary.com, the\ncompany that possess the genius to produce the video, and in May to boot. It's\non its way to greater Internet virility, which is a good thing. Tuck it away\nand watch it again and again after graduation, will you?\n\nFollow William McGuinness on Twitter: www.twitter.com/willmcguinness\n\nWilliam McGuinness Senior Editor, Huffington Post College\n\n## MORE:\n\nDavid Foster Wallace Kenyon College This Is Water Education This Is Water\nDavid Foster Wallace This Is Water Film\n\nClose\n\nSUBSCRIBE TO & FOLLOW LIFESTYLE\n\nWe’re basically your best friend... with better taste. Learn more\n\nNewsletter\n\n * 134 K\n * 479 K\n * Podcast\n * Add us on Snapchat\n\nDavid Foster Wallace's Brilliant 'This Is Water' Commencement Address Is Now a\nGreat Short Film\n\n1k\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * ABOUT OUR ADS\n * CONTACT US\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * CAREERS\n * ARCHIVE\n * USER AGREEMENT\n * PRIVACY POLICY\n * COMMENT POLICY\n\nCopyright © 2017 TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. \"The Huffington Post\" is a\nregistered trademark of TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. All rights reserved. Part\nof HuffPost MultiCultural/HPMG News\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://writingcenter.unc.edu:80/handouts/brainstorming/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170719143810/http://writingcenter.unc.edu:80/handouts/brainstorming/", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Writing Center at UNC-Chapel Hill", "passages": [ "This handout discusses techniques that will help you start writing a paper and continue writing through the challenges of the revising process. Brainstorming can help you choose a topic, develop an approach to a topic, or deepen your understanding of the topic’s potential.", "If you consciously take advantage of your natural thinking processes by gathering your brain’s energies into a “storm,” you can transform these energies into written words or diagrams that will lead to lively, vibrant writing. Below you will find a brief discussion of what brainstorming is, why you might brainstorm, and suggestions for how you might brainstorm.", "Whether you are starting with too much information or not enough, brainstorming can help you to put a new writing task in motion or revive a project that hasn’t reached completion. Let’s take a look at each case:", "When you’ve got nothing: You might need a storm to approach when you feel “blank” about the topic, devoid of inspiration, full of anxiety about the topic, or just too tired to craft an orderly outline. In this case, brainstorming stirs up the dust, whips some air into our stilled pools of thought, and gets the breeze of inspiration moving again.", "When you’ve got too much: There are times when you have too much chaos in your brain and need to bring in some conscious order. In this case, brainstorming forces the mental chaos and random thoughts to rain out onto the page, giving you some concrete words or schemas that you can then arrange according to their logical relations.", "What follows are great ideas on how to brainstorm—ideas from professional writers, novice writers, people who would rather avoid writing, and people who spend a lot of time brainstorming about...well, how to brainstorm.", "Try out several of these options and challenge yourself to vary the techniques you rely on; some techniques might suit a particular writer, academic discipline, or assignment better than others. If the technique you try first doesn’t seem to help you, move right along and try some others.", "When you freewrite, you let your thoughts flow as they will, putting pen to paper and writing down whatever comes into your mind. You don’t judge the quality of what you write and you don’t worry about style or any surface-level issues, like spelling, grammar, or punctuation. If you can’t think of what to say, you write that down—really. The advantage of this technique is that you free up your internal critic and allow yourself to write things you might not write if you were being too self-conscious.", "When you freewrite you can set a time limit (“I’ll write for 15 minutes!”) and even use a kitchen timer or alarm clock or you can set a space limit (“I’ll write until I fill four full notebook pages, no matter what tries to interrupt me!”) and just write until you reach that goal. You might do this on the computer or on paper, and you can even try it with your eyes shut or the monitor off, which encourages speed and freedom of thought.", "The crucial point is that you keep on writing even if you believe you are saying nothing. Word must follow word, no matter the relevance. Your freewriting might even look like this:", "“This paper is supposed to be on the politics of tobacco production but even though I went to all the lectures and read the book I can’t think of what to say and I’ve felt this way for four minutes now and I have 11 minutes left and I wonder if I’ll keep thinking nothing during every minute but I’m not sure if it matters that I am babbling and I don’t know what else to say about this topic and it is rainy today and I never noticed the number of cracks in that wall before and those cracks remind me of the walls in my grandfather’s study and he smoked and he farmed and I wonder why he didn’t farm tobacco...”", "When you’re done with your set number of minutes or have reached your page goal, read back over the text. Yes, there will be a lot of filler and unusable thoughts but there also will be little gems, discoveries, and insights. When you find these gems, highlight them or cut and paste them into your draft or onto an “ideas” sheet so you can use them in your paper. Even if you don’t find any diamonds in there, you will have either quieted some of the noisy chaos or greased the writing gears so that you can now face the assigned paper topic.", "a specific subtopic or required question, like “How did the availability of multiple tropical fruits influence competition amongst colonial powers trading from the larger Caribbean islands during the 19th century?”", "a single term or phrase that you sense you’re overusing in the paper. For example: If you see that you’ve written “increased the competition” about a dozen times in your “tropical fruits” paper, you could brainstorm variations on the phrase itself or on each of the main terms: “increased” and “competition.”", "In this technique you jot down lists of words or phrases under a particular topic. You can base your list on:", "For example, if your general assignment is to write about the changes in inventions over time, and your specific thesis claims that “the 20th century presented a large number of inventions to advance US society by improving upon the status of 19th-century society,” you could brainstorm two different lists to ensure you are covering the topic thoroughly and that your thesis will be easy to prove.", "The first list might be based on your thesis; you would jot down as many 20th- century inventions as you could, as long as you know of their positive effects on society. The second list might be based on the opposite claim, and you would instead jot down inventions that you associate with a decline in that society’s quality. You could do the same two lists for 19th-century inventions and then compare the evidence from all four lists.", "Using multiple lists will help you to gather more perspective on the topic and ensure that, sure enough, your thesis is solid as a rock, or, ...uh oh, your thesis is full of holes and you’d better alter your claim to one you can prove.", "Looking at something from different perspectives helps you see it more completely—or at least in a completely different way, sort of like laying on the floor makes your desk look very different to you. To use this strategy, answer the questions for each of the three perspectives, then look for interesting relationships or mismatches you can explore.", "Describe it: Describe your subject in detail. What is your topic? What are its components? What are its interesting and distinguishing features? What are its puzzles? Distinguish your subject from those that are similar to it. How is your subject unlike others?", "Trace it: What is the history of your subject? How has it changed over time? Why? What are the significant events that have influenced your subject?", "Map it: What is your subject related to? What is it influenced by? How? What does it influence? How? Who has a stake in your topic? Why? What fields do you draw on for the study of your subject? Why? How has your subject been approached by others? How is their work related to yours?", "Cubing enables you to consider your topic from six different directions; just as a cube is six-sided, your cubing brainstorming will result in six “sides” or approaches to the topic. Take a sheet of paper, consider your topic, and respond to these six commands.", "Look over what you’ve written. Do any of the responses suggest anything new about your topic? What interactions do you notice among the “sides”? That is, do you see patterns repeating, or a theme emerging that you could use to approach the topic or draft a thesis? Does one side seem particularly fruitful in getting your brain moving? Could that one side help you draft your thesis statement? Use this technique in a way that serves your topic. It should, at least, give you a broader awareness of the topic’s complexities, if not a sharper focus on what you will do with it.", "In the first blank put one of the terms or concepts your paper centers on. Then try to brainstorm as many answers as possible for the second blank, writing them down as you come up with them.", "After you have produced a list of options, look over your ideas. What kinds of ideas come forward? What patterns or associations do you find?", "This technique has three (or more) different names, according to how you describe the activity itself or what the end product looks like. In short, you will write a lot of different terms and phrases onto a sheet of paper in a random fashion and later go back to link the words together into a sort of “map” or “web” that forms groups from the separate parts. Allow yourself to start with chaos. After the chaos subsides, you will be able to create some order out of it.", "To really let yourself go in this brainstorming technique, use a large piece of paper or tape two pieces together. You could also use a blackboard if you are working with a group of people. This big vertical space allows all members room to “storm” at the same time, but you might have to copy down the results onto paper later. If you don’t have big paper at the moment, don’t worry. You can do this on an 8 1⁄2 by 11 as well. Watch our short videos on webbing, drawing relationships, and color coding for demonstrations.", "Take your sheet(s) of paper and write your main topic in the center, using a word or two or three.", "Moving out from the center and filling in the open space any way you are driven to fill it, start to write down, fast, as many related concepts or terms as you can associate with the central topic. Jot them quickly, move into another space, jot some more down, move to another blank, and just keep moving around and jotting. If you run out of similar concepts, jot down opposites, jot down things that are only slightly related, or jot down your grandpa’s name, but try to keep moving and associating. Don’t worry about the (lack of) sense of what you write, for you can chose to keep or toss out these ideas when the activity is over.", "Once the storm has subsided and you are faced with a hail of terms and phrases, you can start to cluster. Circle terms that seem related and then draw a line connecting the circles. Find some more and circle them and draw more lines to connect them with what you think is closely related. When you run out of terms that associate, start with another term. Look for concepts and terms that might relate to that term. Circle them and then link them with a connecting line. Continue this process until you have found all the associated terms. Some of the terms might end up uncircled, but these “loners” can also be useful to you. (Note: You can use different colored pens/pencils/chalk for this part, if you like. If that’s not possible, try to vary the kind of line you use to encircle the topics; use a wavy line, a straight line, a dashed line, a dotted line, a zigzaggy line, etc. in order to see what goes with what.)", "There! When you stand back and survey your work, you should see a set of clusters, or a big web, or a sort of map: hence the names for this activity. At this point you can start to form conclusions about how to approach your topic. There are about as many possible results to this activity as there are stars in the night sky, so what you do from here will depend on your particular results. Let’s take an example or two in order to illustrate how you might form some logical relationships between the clusters and loners you’ve decided to keep. At the end of the day, what you do with the particular “map” or “cluster set” or “web” that you produce depends on what you need. What does this map or web tell you to do? Explore an option or two and get your draft going!", "Looking over these four groups of pairs, start to fill in your ideas below each heading. Keep going down through as many levels as you can. Now, look at the various parts that comprise the parts of your whole concept. What sorts of conclusions can you draw according to the patterns, or lack of patterns, that you see? For a related strategy, watch our short video on drawing relationships.", "In this technique you would use the “big six” questions that journalists rely on to thoroughly research a story. The six are: Who?, What?, When?, Where?, Why?, and How?. Write each question word on a sheet of paper, leaving space between them. Then, write out some sentences or phrases in answer, as they fit your particular topic. You might also answer into a tape recorder if you’d rather talk out your ideas.", "Now look over your batch of responses. Do you see that you have more to say about one or two of the questions? Or, are your answers for each question pretty well balanced in depth and content? Was there one question that you had absolutely no answer for? How might this awareness help you to decide how to frame your thesis claim or to organize your paper? Or, how might it reveal what you must work on further, doing library research or interviews or further note-taking?", "For example, if your answers reveal that you know a lot more about “where” and “why” something happened than you know about “what” and “when,” how could you use this lack of balance to direct your research or to shape your paper? How might you organize your paper so that it emphasizes the known versus the unknown aspects of evidence in the field of study? What else might you do with your results?", "Even when you are writing within a particular academic discipline, you can take advantage of your semesters of experience in other courses from other departments. Let’s say you are writing a paper for an English course. You could ask yourself, “Hmmm, if I were writing about this very same topic in a biology course or using this term in a history course, how might I see or understand it differently? Are there varying definitions for this concept within, say, philosophy or physics, that might encourage me to think about this term from a new, richer point of view?”", "For example, when discussing “culture” in your English, communications, or cultural studies course, you could incorporate the definition of “culture” that is frequently used in the biological sciences. Remember those little Petri dishes from your lab experiments in high school? Those dishes are used to “culture” substances for bacterial growth and analysis, right? How might it help you write your paper if you thought of “culture” as a medium upon which certain things will grow, will develop in new ways or will even flourish beyond expectations, but upon which the growth of other things might be retarded, significantly altered, or stopped altogether?", "If you are more visually inclined, you might create charts, graphs, or tables in lieu of word lists or phrases as you try to shape or explore an idea. You could use the same phrases or words that are central to your topic and try different ways to arrange them spatially, say in a graph, on a grid, or in a table or chart. You might even try the trusty old flow chart. The important thing here is to get out of the realm of words alone and see how different spatial representations might help you see the relationships among your ideas. If you can’t imagine the shape of a chart at first, just put down the words on the page and then draw lines between or around them. Or think of a shape. Do your ideas most easily form a triangle? square? umbrella? Can you put some ideas in parallel formation? In a line?", "What is your purpose? What are you trying to do? What verb captures your intent? Are you trying to inform? Convince? Describe? Each purpose will lead you to a different set of information and help you shape material to include and exclude in a draft. Write about why you are writing this draft in this form. For more tips on figuring out the purpose of your assignment, see our handout on understanding assignments.", "Who is your audience? Who are you communicating with beyond the grader? What does that audience need to know? What do they already know? What information does that audience need first, second, third? Write about who you are writing to and what they need. For more on audience, see our handout on audience.", "When all else fails...this is a tried and true method, loved for centuries by writers of all stripe. Visit the library reference areas or stop by the Writing Center to browse various dictionaries, thesauruses (or other guide books and reference texts), encyclopedias or surf their online counterparts. Sometimes these basic steps are the best ones. It is almost guaranteed that you’ll learn several things you did not know.", "If you’re looking at a hard copy reference, turn to your most important terms and see what sort of variety you find in the definitions. The obscure or archaic definition might help you to appreciate the term’s breadth or realize how much its meaning has changed as the language changed. Could that realization be built into your paper somehow?", "If you go to online sources, use their own search functions to find your key terms and see what suggestions they offer. For example, if you plug “good” into a thesaurus search, you will be given 14 different entries. Whew! If you were analyzing the film Good Will Hunting, imagine how you could enrich your paper by addressed the six or seven ways that “good” could be interpreted according to how the scenes, lighting, editing, music, etc., emphasized various aspects of “good.”", "An encyclopedia is sometimes a valuable resource if you need to clarify facts, get quick background, or get a broader context for an event or item. If you are stuck because you have a vague sense of a seemingly important issue, do a quick check with this reference and you may be able to move forward with your ideas.", "Armed with a full quiver of brainstorming techniques and facing sheets of jotted ideas, bulleted subtopics, or spidery webs relating to your paper, what do you do now?", "Take the next step and start to write your first draft, or fill in those gaps you’ve been brainstorming about to complete your “almost ready” paper. If you’re a fan of outlining, prepare one that incorporates as much of your brainstorming data as seems logical to you. If you’re not a fan, don’t make one. Instead, start to write out some larger chunks (large groups of sentences or full paragraphs) to expand upon your smaller clusters and phrases. Keep building from there into larger sections of your paper. You don’t have to start at the beginning of the draft. Start writing the section that comes together most easily. You can always go back to write the introduction later.", "We also have helpful handouts on some of the next steps in your writing process, such as reorganizing drafts and argument.", "Remember, once you’ve begun the paper, you can stop and try another brainstorming technique whenever you feel stuck. Keep the energy moving and try several techniques to find what suits you or the particular project you are working on.", "We consulted these works while writing the original version of this handout. This is not a comprehensive list of resources on the handout’s topic, and we encourage you to do your own research to find the latest publications on this topic. Please do not use this list as a model for the format of your own reference list, as it may not match the citation style you are using. For guidance on formatting citations, please see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial.", "This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivs 2.5 License. You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use the entire handout (just click print) and attribute the source: The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill" ] }, "parsed_md": "Brainstorming - The Writing Center at UNC-Chapel Hill\n\n# College of Arts and Sciences\n\n## The Writing Center at UNC-Chapel Hill\n\nSkip Navigation\n\n * Home\n * Make/Cancel an Appointment\n * Submit a Draft Online\n * Faculty Resources\n\n * Faculty FAQ\n * Tips on Teaching Writing\n * Tips on Teaching ESL Students\n * Classroom Handouts\n * Request Our Services\n * Handouts\n * ESL\n\n * Mini-courses\n * Writing Groups\n * Speaking Groups\n * Workshops\n * Resources\n * About\n\n * Location\n * Staff\n * Policy\n * Help for Hire\n * Undergrad coaches & English 402\n * Dissertation Boot Camp\n * Teaching Assistantships in the Writing Center\n * Make a Gift\n * FAQs\n\nHome » Handouts » Brainstorming\n\n# Brainstorming\n\nPrint PDF\n\n## What this handout is about\n\nThis handout discusses techniques that will help you start writing a paper and\ncontinue writing through the challenges of the revising process. Brainstorming\ncan help you choose a topic, develop an approach to a topic, or deepen your\nunderstanding of the topic’s potential.\n\n## Introduction\n\nIf you consciously take advantage of your natural thinking processes by\ngathering your brain’s energies into a “storm,” you can transform these\nenergies into written words or diagrams that will lead to lively, vibrant\nwriting. Below you will find a brief discussion of what brainstorming is, why\nyou might brainstorm, and suggestions for how you might brainstorm.\n\nWhether you are starting with too much information or not enough,\nbrainstorming can help you to put a new writing task in motion or revive a\nproject that hasn’t reached completion. Let’s take a look at each case:\n\nWhen you’ve got nothing: You might need a storm to approach when you feel\n“blank” about the topic, devoid of inspiration, full of anxiety about the\ntopic, or just too tired to craft an orderly outline. In this case,\nbrainstorming stirs up the dust, whips some air into our stilled pools of\nthought, and gets the breeze of inspiration moving again.\n\nWhen you’ve got too much: There are times when you have too much chaos in your\nbrain and need to bring in some conscious order. In this case, brainstorming\nforces the mental chaos and random thoughts to rain out onto the page, giving\nyou some concrete words or schemas that you can then arrange according to\ntheir logical relations.\n\n## Brainstorming techniques\n\nWhat follows are great ideas on how to brainstorm—ideas from professional\nwriters, novice writers, people who would rather avoid writing, and people who\nspend a lot of time brainstorming about...well, how to brainstorm.\n\nTry out several of these options and challenge yourself to vary the techniques\nyou rely on; some techniques might suit a particular writer, academic\ndiscipline, or assignment better than others. If the technique you try first\ndoesn’t seem to help you, move right along and try some others.\n\n### Freewriting\n\nWhen you freewrite, you let your thoughts flow as they will, putting pen to\npaper and writing down whatever comes into your mind. You don’t judge the\nquality of what you write and you don’t worry about style or any surface-level\nissues, like spelling, grammar, or punctuation. If you can’t think of what to\nsay, you write that down—really. The advantage of this technique is that you\nfree up your internal critic and allow yourself to write things you might not\nwrite if you were being too self-conscious.\n\nWhen you freewrite you can set a time limit (“I’ll write for 15 minutes!”) and\neven use a kitchen timer or alarm clock or you can set a space limit (“I’ll\nwrite until I fill four full notebook pages, no matter what tries to interrupt\nme!”) and just write until you reach that goal. You might do this on the\ncomputer or on paper, and you can even try it with your eyes shut or the\nmonitor off, which encourages speed and freedom of thought.\n\nThe crucial point is that you keep on writing even if you believe you are\nsaying nothing. Word must follow word, no matter the relevance. Your\nfreewriting might even look like this:\n\n“This paper is supposed to be on the politics of tobacco production but even\nthough I went to all the lectures and read the book I can’t think of what to\nsay and I’ve felt this way for four minutes now and I have 11 minutes left and\nI wonder if I’ll keep thinking nothing during every minute but I’m not sure if\nit matters that I am babbling and I don’t know what else to say about this\ntopic and it is rainy today and I never noticed the number of cracks in that\nwall before and those cracks remind me of the walls in my grandfather’s study\nand he smoked and he farmed and I wonder why he didn’t farm tobacco...”\n\nWhen you’re done with your set number of minutes or have reached your page\ngoal, read back over the text. Yes, there will be a lot of filler and unusable\nthoughts but there also will be little gems, discoveries, and insights. When\nyou find these gems, highlight them or cut and paste them into your draft or\nonto an “ideas” sheet so you can use them in your paper. Even if you don’t\nfind any diamonds in there, you will have either quieted some of the noisy\nchaos or greased the writing gears so that you can now face the assigned paper\ntopic.\n\n### Break down the topic into levels\n\nOnce you have a course assignment in front of you, you might brainstorm:\n\n * the general topic, like “The relationship between tropical fruits and colonial powers”\n * a specific subtopic or required question, like “How did the availability of multiple tropical fruits influence competition amongst colonial powers trading from the larger Caribbean islands during the 19th century?”\n * a single term or phrase that you sense you’re overusing in the paper. For example: If you see that you’ve written “increased the competition” about a dozen times in your “tropical fruits” paper, you could brainstorm variations on the phrase itself or on each of the main terms: “increased” and “competition.”\n\n### Listing/bulleting\n\nIn this technique you jot down lists of words or phrases under a particular\ntopic. You can base your list on:\n\n * the general topic\n * one or more words from your particular thesis claim\n * a word or idea that is the complete opposite of your original word or idea.\n\nFor example, if your general assignment is to write about the changes in\ninventions over time, and your specific thesis claims that “the 20th century\npresented a large number of inventions to advance US society by improving upon\nthe status of 19th-century society,” you could brainstorm two different lists\nto ensure you are covering the topic thoroughly and that your thesis will be\neasy to prove.\n\nThe first list might be based on your thesis; you would jot down as many 20th-\ncentury inventions as you could, as long as you know of their positive effects\non society. The second list might be based on the opposite claim, and you\nwould instead jot down inventions that you associate with a decline in that\nsociety’s quality. You could do the same two lists for 19th-century inventions\nand then compare the evidence from all four lists.\n\nUsing multiple lists will help you to gather more perspective on the topic and\nensure that, sure enough, your thesis is solid as a rock, or, ...uh oh, your\nthesis is full of holes and you’d better alter your claim to one you can\nprove.\n\n### 3 perspectives\n\nLooking at something from different perspectives helps you see it more\ncompletely—or at least in a completely different way, sort of like laying on\nthe floor makes your desk look very different to you. To use this strategy,\nanswer the questions for each of the three perspectives, then look for\ninteresting relationships or mismatches you can explore.\n\n 1. Describe it: Describe your subject in detail. What is your topic? What are its components? What are its interesting and distinguishing features? What are its puzzles? Distinguish your subject from those that are similar to it. How is your subject unlike others?\n 2. Trace it: What is the history of your subject? How has it changed over time? Why? What are the significant events that have influenced your subject?\n 3. Map it: What is your subject related to? What is it influenced by? How? What does it influence? How? Who has a stake in your topic? Why? What fields do you draw on for the study of your subject? Why? How has your subject been approached by others? How is their work related to yours?\n\n### Cubing\n\nCubing enables you to consider your topic from six different directions; just\nas a cube is six-sided, your cubing brainstorming will result in six “sides”\nor approaches to the topic. Take a sheet of paper, consider your topic, and\nrespond to these six commands.\n\n 1. Describe it.\n 2. Compare it.\n 3. Associate it.\n 4. Analyze it.\n 5. Apply it.\n 6. Argue for and against it.\n\nLook over what you’ve written. Do any of the responses suggest anything new\nabout your topic? What interactions do you notice among the “sides”? That is,\ndo you see patterns repeating, or a theme emerging that you could use to\napproach the topic or draft a thesis? Does one side seem particularly fruitful\nin getting your brain moving? Could that one side help you draft your thesis\nstatement? Use this technique in a way that serves your topic. It should, at\nleast, give you a broader awareness of the topic’s complexities, if not a\nsharper focus on what you will do with it.\n\n### Similes\n\nIn this technique, complete the following sentence:\n\n____________________ is/was/are/were like _____________________.\n\nIn the first blank put one of the terms or concepts your paper centers on.\nThen try to brainstorm as many answers as possible for the second blank,\nwriting them down as you come up with them.\n\nAfter you have produced a list of options, look over your ideas. What kinds of\nideas come forward? What patterns or associations do you find?\n\n### Clustering/mapping/webbing:\n\nThe general idea:\n\nThis technique has three (or more) different names, according to how you\ndescribe the activity itself or what the end product looks like. In short, you\nwill write a lot of different terms and phrases onto a sheet of paper in a\nrandom fashion and later go back to link the words together into a sort of\n“map” or “web” that forms groups from the separate parts. Allow yourself to\nstart with chaos. After the chaos subsides, you will be able to create some\norder out of it.\n\nTo really let yourself go in this brainstorming technique, use a large piece\nof paper or tape two pieces together. You could also use a blackboard if you\nare working with a group of people. This big vertical space allows all members\nroom to “storm” at the same time, but you might have to copy down the results\nonto paper later. If you don’t have big paper at the moment, don’t worry. You\ncan do this on an 8 1⁄2 by 11 as well. Watch our short videos on webbing,\ndrawing relationships, and color coding for demonstrations.\n\nHow to do it:\n\n 1. Take your sheet(s) of paper and write your main topic in the center, using a word or two or three.\n 2. Moving out from the center and filling in the open space any way you are driven to fill it, start to write down, fast, as many related concepts or terms as you can associate with the central topic. Jot them quickly, move into another space, jot some more down, move to another blank, and just keep moving around and jotting. If you run out of similar concepts, jot down opposites, jot down things that are only slightly related, or jot down your grandpa’s name, but try to keep moving and associating. Don’t worry about the (lack of) sense of what you write, for you can chose to keep or toss out these ideas when the activity is over.\n 3. Once the storm has subsided and you are faced with a hail of terms and phrases, you can start to cluster. Circle terms that seem related and then draw a line connecting the circles. Find some more and circle them and draw more lines to connect them with what you think is closely related. When you run out of terms that associate, start with another term. Look for concepts and terms that might relate to that term. Circle them and then link them with a connecting line. Continue this process until you have found all the associated terms. Some of the terms might end up uncircled, but these “loners” can also be useful to you. (Note: You can use different colored pens/pencils/chalk for this part, if you like. If that’s not possible, try to vary the kind of line you use to encircle the topics; use a wavy line, a straight line, a dashed line, a dotted line, a zigzaggy line, etc. in order to see what goes with what.)\n 4. There! When you stand back and survey your work, you should see a set of clusters, or a big web, or a sort of map: hence the names for this activity. At this point you can start to form conclusions about how to approach your topic. There are about as many possible results to this activity as there are stars in the night sky, so what you do from here will depend on your particular results. Let’s take an example or two in order to illustrate how you might form some logical relationships between the clusters and loners you’ve decided to keep. At the end of the day, what you do with the particular “map” or “cluster set” or “web” that you produce depends on what you need. What does this map or web tell you to do? Explore an option or two and get your draft going!\n\n### Relationship between the parts\n\nIn this technique, begin by writing the following pairs of terms on opposite\nmargins of one sheet of paper:\n\nWhole| Parts \n---|--- \nPart| Parts of Parts \nPart| Parts of Parts \nPart| Parts of Parts \n \nLooking over these four groups of pairs, start to fill in your ideas below\neach heading. Keep going down through as many levels as you can. Now, look at\nthe various parts that comprise the parts of your whole concept. What sorts of\nconclusions can you draw according to the patterns, or lack of patterns, that\nyou see? For a related strategy, watch our short video on drawing\nrelationships.\n\n### Journalistic questions\n\nIn this technique you would use the “big six” questions that journalists rely\non to thoroughly research a story. The six are: Who?, What?, When?, Where?,\nWhy?, and How?. Write each question word on a sheet of paper, leaving space\nbetween them. Then, write out some sentences or phrases in answer, as they fit\nyour particular topic. You might also answer into a tape recorder if you’d\nrather talk out your ideas.\n\nNow look over your batch of responses. Do you see that you have more to say\nabout one or two of the questions? Or, are your answers for each question\npretty well balanced in depth and content? Was there one question that you had\nabsolutely no answer for? How might this awareness help you to decide how to\nframe your thesis claim or to organize your paper? Or, how might it reveal\nwhat you must work on further, doing library research or interviews or further\nnote-taking?\n\nFor example, if your answers reveal that you know a lot more about “where” and\n“why” something happened than you know about “what” and “when,” how could you\nuse this lack of balance to direct your research or to shape your paper? How\nmight you organize your paper so that it emphasizes the known versus the\nunknown aspects of evidence in the field of study? What else might you do with\nyour results?\n\n### Thinking outside the box\n\nEven when you are writing within a particular academic discipline, you can\ntake advantage of your semesters of experience in other courses from other\ndepartments. Let’s say you are writing a paper for an English course. You\ncould ask yourself, “Hmmm, if I were writing about this very same topic in a\nbiology course or using this term in a history course, how might I see or\nunderstand it differently? Are there varying definitions for this concept\nwithin, say, philosophy or physics, that might encourage me to think about\nthis term from a new, richer point of view?”\n\nFor example, when discussing “culture” in your English, communications, or\ncultural studies course, you could incorporate the definition of “culture”\nthat is frequently used in the biological sciences. Remember those little\nPetri dishes from your lab experiments in high school? Those dishes are used\nto “culture” substances for bacterial growth and analysis, right? How might it\nhelp you write your paper if you thought of “culture” as a medium upon which\ncertain things will grow, will develop in new ways or will even flourish\nbeyond expectations, but upon which the growth of other things might be\nretarded, significantly altered, or stopped altogether?\n\n### Using charts or shapes\n\nIf you are more visually inclined, you might create charts, graphs, or tables\nin lieu of word lists or phrases as you try to shape or explore an idea. You\ncould use the same phrases or words that are central to your topic and try\ndifferent ways to arrange them spatially, say in a graph, on a grid, or in a\ntable or chart. You might even try the trusty old flow chart. The important\nthing here is to get out of the realm of words alone and see how different\nspatial representations might help you see the relationships among your ideas.\nIf you can’t imagine the shape of a chart at first, just put down the words on\nthe page and then draw lines between or around them. Or think of a shape. Do\nyour ideas most easily form a triangle? square? umbrella? Can you put some\nideas in parallel formation? In a line?\n\n### Consider purpose and audience\n\nThink about the parts of communication involved in any writing or speaking\nevent act: purpose and audience.\n\nWhat is your purpose? What are you trying to do? What verb captures your\nintent? Are you trying to inform? Convince? Describe? Each purpose will lead\nyou to a different set of information and help you shape material to include\nand exclude in a draft. Write about why you are writing this draft in this\nform. For more tips on figuring out the purpose of your assignment, see our\nhandout on understanding assignments.\n\nWho is your audience? Who are you communicating with beyond the grader? What\ndoes that audience need to know? What do they already know? What information\ndoes that audience need first, second, third? Write about who you are writing\nto and what they need. For more on audience, see our handout on audience.\n\n### Dictionaries, thesauruses, encyclopedias\n\nWhen all else fails...this is a tried and true method, loved for centuries by\nwriters of all stripe. Visit the library reference areas or stop by the\nWriting Center to browse various dictionaries, thesauruses (or other guide\nbooks and reference texts), encyclopedias or surf their online counterparts.\nSometimes these basic steps are the best ones. It is almost guaranteed that\nyou’ll learn several things you did not know.\n\nIf you’re looking at a hard copy reference, turn to your most important terms\nand see what sort of variety you find in the definitions. The obscure or\narchaic definition might help you to appreciate the term’s breadth or realize\nhow much its meaning has changed as the language changed. Could that\nrealization be built into your paper somehow?\n\nIf you go to online sources, use their own search functions to find your key\nterms and see what suggestions they offer. For example, if you plug “good”\ninto a thesaurus search, you will be given 14 different entries. Whew! If you\nwere analyzing the film Good Will Hunting, imagine how you could enrich your\npaper by addressed the six or seven ways that “good” could be interpreted\naccording to how the scenes, lighting, editing, music, etc., emphasized\nvarious aspects of “good.”\n\nAn encyclopedia is sometimes a valuable resource if you need to clarify facts,\nget quick background, or get a broader context for an event or item. If you\nare stuck because you have a vague sense of a seemingly important issue, do a\nquick check with this reference and you may be able to move forward with your\nideas.\n\n## Closing\n\nArmed with a full quiver of brainstorming techniques and facing sheets of\njotted ideas, bulleted subtopics, or spidery webs relating to your paper, what\ndo you do now?\n\nTake the next step and start to write your first draft, or fill in those gaps\nyou’ve been brainstorming about to complete your “almost ready” paper. If\nyou’re a fan of outlining, prepare one that incorporates as much of your\nbrainstorming data as seems logical to you. If you’re not a fan, don’t make\none. Instead, start to write out some larger chunks (large groups of sentences\nor full paragraphs) to expand upon your smaller clusters and phrases. Keep\nbuilding from there into larger sections of your paper. You don’t have to\nstart at the beginning of the draft. Start writing the section that comes\ntogether most easily. You can always go back to write the introduction later.\n\nWe also have helpful handouts on some of the next steps in your writing\nprocess, such as reorganizing drafts and argument.\n\nRemember, once you’ve begun the paper, you can stop and try another\nbrainstorming technique whenever you feel stuck. Keep the energy moving and\ntry several techniques to find what suits you or the particular project you\nare working on.\n\n## Works consulted\n\nWe consulted these works while writing the original version of this handout.\nThis is not a comprehensive list of resources on the handout’s topic, and we\nencourage you to do your own research to find the latest publications on this\ntopic. Please do not use this list as a model for the format of your own\nreference list, as it may not match the citation style you are using. For\nguidance on formatting citations, please see the UNC Libraries citation\ntutorial.\n\nAllen, Roberta, and Marcia Mascolini. The Process of Writing: Composing\nthrough Critical Thinking. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice, 1997.\n\nCameron, Julia. The Artist’s Way: A Spiritual Path to Higher Creativity. Rev.\ned. New York: Putnam, 2002.\n\nGoldberg, Natalie. Writing Down the Bones: Freeing the Writer Within. Rev. ed.\nBoston: Shambhala, 2005.\n\nRosen, Leonard J., and Laurence Behrens. The Allyn & Bacon Handbook. 5th ed.\nNew York: Longman, 2003.\n\nUniversity of Richmond Writing Center. Writer’s Web.\n\nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-\nNoDerivs 2.5 License. You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use\nthe entire handout (just click print) and attribute the source: The Writing\nCenter, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill\n\nPrint PDF\n\nIf you enjoy using our handouts, we appreciate contributions of\nacknowledgement.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.jostens.com:80/grad/grad_cp_hs_grad_guide_graduation_speech.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180625064539/http://www.jostens.com:80/grad/grad_cp_hs_grad_guide_graduation_speech.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Tips for Celebrating High School Memories", "passages": [ "It’s an incredible honor to be chosen to speak to your classmates at your graduation ceremony. Still, we know writing a graduation speech can be nerve- wracking. That’s why we’ve put together a step-by-step guide to help you create a speech that will not only touch, entertain and inspire your entire graduation community but also celebrate high school memories and traditions.", "Whether you decide to relive high school memories, offer advice to your classmates, reflect on the future, or give thanks to those who have helped you, it can be tough to decide on the right theme for your speech. That’s why we’ve reviewed hundreds of the best student speeches to help you get started.", "You can stick to one theme or combine several. You can also add quotations from famous people and writers to support your message. Whichever option you choose when you are writing a graduation speech, be sure to coordinate with your fellow presenters to guarantee that each of you is offering a unique perspective.", "Paths Through Life: Reflect on what it means for to be on the brink of a new beginning. Maybe you want to focus on how some graduates know exactly what they want to do while others take a more meandering road. Or perhaps this is an opportunity to talk about the importance of following your individual dreams.", "Overcoming Obstacles: High dropout rates. Economic worries. Health problems. Some graduates have had to clear very high hurdles to walk across the podium. Remind your classmates and their families of how proud they should be of their accomplishments.", "Classmates as Individuals: You and your classmates may all look the same in your caps and gowns, but your differences make you who you are. Comedians, artists, athletes, intellectuals, romantics, cynics—celebrate your community’s diversity and your classmates’ unique qualities by calling out several examples of what makes you such a multifaceted group.", "Friends and Friendship: As freshmen, you dared to make new friends. Now you are seniors heading out into the world and you’re focused on savoring being together for what may be the last time. Your speech can reflect the power of these special bonds.", "Looking Back to the Early Years: Think back to when you started kindergarten. What was the world like? What was school like? What has changed? What do you imagine life will be like when this year’s kindergarten class graduates?", "Memories of High School: What were the highs and lows of high school for your class? Current events, school traditions, goofy moments—celebrate your four years together with specific high school memories from your freshman, sophomore, junior and senior years.", "Thanks: Heartfelt gratitude for the hard work and support of teachers, coaches, parents, friends, and others is always appreciated and will inspire your listeners to thank the important people in their lives.", "Tributes: A tribute is a special recognition that can show respect, gratitude or affection. You can honor an important person in your school by mentioning them by name. Are there people who have never gotten the praise they deserve? Now is the time to honor them.", "Advice: Do you have any words or wisdom you want to give your classmates? Advice can be funny or serious but it needs to be sincere to truly connect with your audience.", "Making a Difference: Inspire your audience by reminding them how young people have the ability to do so much good in the world.", "Congratulations: Graduating is not some little deal; it’s a huge landmark in life. End your speech with a sincere appreciation for what your classmates have accomplished.", "After you have written a draft, ask a teacher, friend or family member to give you feedback about what to keep and what to cut. Remember to be sensitive that there are many different paths after graduation. Some graduates may attend college. Others may not. Also be aware of how different cultures and heritages within your student body view graduation.", "Write your speech first and then look for images to support your message. Never write your speech around an image just because you really like it and want to use it.", "Include photos of as many of your classmates as possible, not just you and your close friends. Never use images that are embarrassing to audience members.", "Will you operate the slide show from the podium or will someone else do that for you? If you are working with another person, practice several times together to make certain it will go smoothly.", "Rehearse frequently and out loud so that you internalize your message. Understand why you are speaking the words you have chosen and repeat them in rehearsal until you feel the essence of your message in your gut.", "If you go blank during your speech, don’t panic. Instead, focus your eyes on one person in the audience, which will make it look as though you are being forceful and dramatic. Pause for about four seconds before focusing on someone else. Repeat until you have collected your thoughts." ] }, "parsed_md": "Tips for Celebrating High School Memories - Jostens - Graduation Guide\n\n * Find My School's Store Shop Change\n * Sign In Register Sign out My Orders Cart ( )\n * Help\n\n * Jewelry\n\n * Class Jewelry\n\n * High School\n * College\n * Homeschool\n * Military\n * Sports\n\n * Championship\n * Fantasy Sports\n * Pop Warner\n * NASCAR®\n * NHRA®\n * Careers\n\n * Military\n * Pilots\n * Hometown Heroes\n * Le Cordon Bleu®\n * Activities & Interests\n\n * Harley-Davidson®\n * Boy Scouts of America®\n * World Series of Poker\n * Delta Sigma Theta\n * Omega Psi Phi\n * Educators — Start your school's Class Ring tradition with JostensLearn More\n * Graduation\n\n * High School\n\n * All Products\n * Graduation Packages\n * Announcements\n * Photo Cards\n * Senior Apparel\n * Senior Jewelry\n * Gifts & Keepsakes\n * Caps & Gowns\n * Party Supplies\n * Template Customization\n * Make a Payment\n * College\n\n * All Products\n * Announcements\n * Photo Cards\n * Caps & Gowns\n * Accessories\n * Diploma Frames\n * Homeschool\n\n * Graduation Packages\n * Senior Jewelry\n * Pre-K to Elementary School\n\n * All Products\n * Educators — Let Jostens give your school a great grad experienceLearn More\n * Yearbooks\n\n * Students & Parents\n\n * Buy Your Yearbook\n * About Yearbooks\n * ReplayItTM Photo Sharing\n * Yearbook Advertisement & Recognition Ads\n * Adviser & Staff\n\n * Publications\n * Contests & Awards\n * Classroom Tools\n * National & Regional Workshop\n * Educators — Create your school's yearbook with JostensLearn More\n * Photo Products\n\n * Photo Gifts\n * Photo Cards\n * Resources\n\n * Students & Parents\n\n * Find Your School\n * Info to Know\n * Announcement Guide\n * High School Graduation Guide\n * Coaches & Directors\n\n * Professional\n * College\n * High School\n * Sports Leagues\n * Educator Tools\n\n * Jostens Renaissance®\n * Commitment to Graduate®\n * Yearbook Avenue®\n * HS Graduation CentralTM\n * Grad Track®\n * SchoolWayTM\n * Why Choose Jostens?\n\n * High School Graduation Partner\n * College Graduation Partner\n * Yearbook Partner\n * Jostens Renaissance Education\n * Commercial Printing\n\n# How to Write a Graduation Speech\n\n### Get Started\n\nFind Your School\n\n### Grad Guide\n\nAnnouncements The Ceremony School Celebrations Graduation Parties Graduation\nGift Ideas Thank You Notes\n\n### More Information\n\nGrad Announcements Graduation Packages Senior Apparel Senior Jewelry Gifts &\nKeepsakes\n\n### Jostens Products\n\n * Yearbooks\n * Class Rings\n\n## Celebrate high school memories and inspire your graduation community with\nJostens’ step-by-step guide.\n\nIt’s an incredible honor to be chosen to speak to your classmates at your\ngraduation ceremony. Still, we know writing a graduation speech can be nerve-\nwracking. That’s why we’ve put together a step-by-step guide to help you\ncreate a speech that will not only touch, entertain and inspire your entire\ngraduation community but also celebrate high school memories and traditions.\n\n## Step 1: Choose your theme\n\nWhether you decide to relive high school memories, offer advice to your\nclassmates, reflect on the future, or give thanks to those who have helped\nyou, it can be tough to decide on the right theme for your speech. That’s why\nwe’ve reviewed hundreds of the best student speeches to help you get started.\n\nYou can stick to one theme or combine several. You can also add quotations\nfrom famous people and writers to support your message. Whichever option you\nchoose when you are writing a graduation speech, be sure to coordinate with\nyour fellow presenters to guarantee that each of you is offering a unique\nperspective.\n\nHere are the most powerful themes from successful graduation speeches:\n\n * Paths Through Life: Reflect on what it means for to be on the brink of a new beginning. Maybe you want to focus on how some graduates know exactly what they want to do while others take a more meandering road. Or perhaps this is an opportunity to talk about the importance of following your individual dreams.\n * Overcoming Obstacles: High dropout rates. Economic worries. Health problems. Some graduates have had to clear very high hurdles to walk across the podium. Remind your classmates and their families of how proud they should be of their accomplishments.\n * Classmates as Individuals: You and your classmates may all look the same in your caps and gowns, but your differences make you who you are. Comedians, artists, athletes, intellectuals, romantics, cynics—celebrate your community’s diversity and your classmates’ unique qualities by calling out several examples of what makes you such a multifaceted group.\n * Friends and Friendship: As freshmen, you dared to make new friends. Now you are seniors heading out into the world and you’re focused on savoring being together for what may be the last time. Your speech can reflect the power of these special bonds.\n * Looking Back to the Early Years: Think back to when you started kindergarten. What was the world like? What was school like? What has changed? What do you imagine life will be like when this year’s kindergarten class graduates?\n * Memories of High School: What were the highs and lows of high school for your class? Current events, school traditions, goofy moments—celebrate your four years together with specific high school memories from your freshman, sophomore, junior and senior years.\n * Thanks: Heartfelt gratitude for the hard work and support of teachers, coaches, parents, friends, and others is always appreciated and will inspire your listeners to thank the important people in their lives.\n * Tributes: A tribute is a special recognition that can show respect, gratitude or affection. You can honor an important person in your school by mentioning them by name. Are there people who have never gotten the praise they deserve? Now is the time to honor them.\n * Advice: Do you have any words or wisdom you want to give your classmates? Advice can be funny or serious but it needs to be sincere to truly connect with your audience.\n * Making a Difference: Inspire your audience by reminding them how young people have the ability to do so much good in the world.\n * Congratulations: Graduating is not some little deal; it’s a huge landmark in life. End your speech with a sincere appreciation for what your classmates have accomplished.\n\n## Step 3: Edit\n\nAfter you have written a draft, ask a teacher, friend or family member to give\nyou feedback about what to keep and what to cut. Remember to be sensitive that\nthere are many different paths after graduation. Some graduates may attend\ncollege. Others may not. Also be aware of how different cultures and heritages\nwithin your student body view graduation.\n\nThis step is also your chance to take out any inappropriate content,\nincluding:\n\n * Insults to individuals or groups.\n * Racial or ethnic jokes.\n * Sexual innuendos.\n * False information.\n * Anything that you are worried about including. If it makes you hesitate, delete it.\n\n## Step 4: Choose your visuals\n\nIf you use images to support your message remember to:\n\n * Write your speech first and then look for images to support your message. Never write your speech around an image just because you really like it and want to use it.\n * Include photos of as many of your classmates as possible, not just you and your close friends. Never use images that are embarrassing to audience members.\n * Will you operate the slide show from the podium or will someone else do that for you? If you are working with another person, practice several times together to make certain it will go smoothly.\n\n## Step 5: Practice\n\nRehearse frequently and out loud so that you internalize your message.\nUnderstand why you are speaking the words you have chosen and repeat them in\nrehearsal until you feel the essence of your message in your gut.\n\nIf you go blank during your speech, don’t panic. Instead, focus your eyes on\none person in the audience, which will make it look as though you are being\nforceful and dramatic. Pause for about four seconds before focusing on someone\nelse. Repeat until you have collected your thoughts.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Follow Us\n\nFacebook Twitter YouTube Pinterest Instagram\n\n#### Self Service\n\nOrder Status Make a High School Ring, Jewelry, or Grad Products payment\nProduct FAQs\n\n#### Customer Service\n\nCall us Chat now Send Email Contact Rep\n\nCall Us Chat now Email Us Contact Your Rep Lost & Found Rings Warranty\n\n#### Quick Clicks\n\nInformación en Español Commercial Printing School Annual Memory Book Meridian\nKinderkraft High Schools Universities School Site Map\n\n#### Company Information\n\nAbout us Press Center Careers Partner with us Investor Information\n\nU.S. Mail: Jostens Inc., 3601 Minnesota Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55435 Canada\nPost: Jostens Canada, P.O Box. #8 Station L, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3H 0Z4\n\n© 2018 Jostens, Inc | Terms of Use & Legal Notices | Privacy | Your CA Privacy\nRights\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/how-to-write-a-graduation-speech.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111193732/https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/how-to-write-a-graduation-speech.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Write A Graduation Speech", "passages": [ "Cristina Negrut is the founder of graduationwisdom.com. She has collaborated extensively with NPR, National Public Radio, in building the - The Best Commencement Speeches, Ever - project and has given TV, radio, and press interviews on commencement speeches.", "In this article I am going to share tips and techniques on how to prepare, structure, and write the type of commencement speech that works for you. Twelve years into what I call my second job, as curator of inspirational graduation speeches, I got to the point where I can confidently distinguish four main ways of structuring such a speech. I am going to describe each of these options and illustrate them with many examples from some of the best graduation speeches in this collection. It will be up to you to review and eventually pick a style that suits you best. But first things first. Let�s try to answer the main question that is probably burning you right now and that brought you here in the first place.", "I have wracked my mind and heart for what I ought to say to you today. I asked myself what I wished I had known at my own graduation, and what important lessons I have learned in the 21 years that has expired between that day and this. -JK Rowling at Harvard University", "So I got nervous. I got scared�I was simply scared of screwing things up. What was I going to talk about? - Ed Helms , Actor Knox College", "Let�s tackle the question of what should a commencement speech include? Tradition has it that a commencement speech typically contains life advice, words of wisdom, lessons learned, ideas on how to be successful, insights on how to be happy, and what really matters in life. Phew. Still here? No pressure, right?! It seems indeed that it all boils down to one timeless question: How to be happy and successful? Don�t we all want to know this?! Unless your middle name is Zen Master you too are probably still searching for the answers. To make this question more palatable you might want to frame it as what you wished you knew when you were 21? We�ll get to actual, possible answers, or themes in the next chapter but for now let�s again give it to past speakers to tell us, from their own research, what they found out a commencement speech ought to be. Oh, and we have some speakers that ended up using email or social media to ask the graduates themselves what they would like to hear in the speech.", "About all a commencement speaker can really do is to suggest a couple of things that she believes really matters. -Sue Monk Kidd, Best Selling Author Scripps College", "In this section I describe four main options for how to structure a graduation speech. These categories are not the only ways to organize a speech however ,after reading and scanning through scores of such speeches, these four patterns emerged among the best of the graduation speeches. The hope is that having a framework for how to organize your speech it will be a little bit easier for you to write it. While helpful examples are used to illustrate these, it�s important to not get discouraged when you read the speeches. Do not put yourself down. Believe you were asked to do the speech for a reason. Moreover, for every great speech here, there are literally thousands of others that were instantly forgotten less they were so bad or boring that people could not forget them even if this is all they wanted to. Lastly, simply the fact that you came to the Graduation Wisdom site and are reading these tips on how to write a speech tells me you�re on to something good.", "In this category are the speeches that have anywhere between two to five themes and the speaker introduces them early on. Most of the speech is divided equally among the chosen themes and stories are used to make the message stick. (Read more about the power of stories in the story section).", "Steve Job�s famous 2005 Stanford commencement speech is one of the best examples. No further than his first paragraph he states :", "Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots.", "I have asked myself what I wish I had known at my own graduation, and what important lessons I have learned in the 21 years that has expired between that day and this.� she continues: �I have come up with two answers. On this wonderful day when we are gathered together to celebrate your academic success, I have decided to talk to you about the benefits of failure. And as you stand on the threshold of what is sometimes called �real life�, I want to extol the crucial importance of imagination.", "I want to tell you three true stories this evening. Together they make a point that I consider one of the great secrets of life and I hope you�ll remember these stories, because I promise you that you�ll need them at some time or another.�", "The person who you�re with most in life is yourself and if you don�t like yourself you�re always with somebody you don�t like. �", "But let�s return to the more common scenario of speeches with personal stories as speakers reflect back on their own lives and try to highlight the experiences and stories that shaped them. Another great one, also in top ten, is from director and movie producer (Airplane) Jerry Zucker given at University of Wisconsin in 2003. He not only shared great advice but also managed to be funny - a much welcomed bonus if you can pulled it off. Everybody likes a joke or two and you might be surprised, but given that the occasion is festive and the audience is in such a happy celebratory mood, the jokes take off easier than you might otherwise think. Don�t be afraid to try a couple unless you�ve known all your life you never pulled a joke in which case you might want to lighten up. Just kidding.", "Let�s review a few more examples. TV host, Professor and Author Melissa Harris-Perry at Wellesley College in 2012 has an interesting one as she adds a twist to her themes. She phrases the message in unconventional terms. She says:", "I've got three things I want to ask you to be as you move forward, and I think these might be kind of counterintuitive, particularly coming from a political progressive who is unashamedly feminist, concerned with racial and economic and environmental justice, but here are the three things I'm going to ask of you: Be ignorant. Be silent.Be thick. This inverting techniques reinforces the stories in that it tells you something contrary to the general believe and consequently it draws you in by awakening your curiosity.", "This type of graduation speech allows the speaker to share a larger number of ideas and tips with the audience. The themes themselves are not announced at the beginning. The authors only mention how many pieces of such advice they will give. You can pick this category if you feel that a longer list works better for you, for example if you find yourself having a hard time narrowing down the advice to just less than five ideas. Moreover, with a longer list but shorter time to support the advice, it is perfectly fine to alternate between personal examples and anecdotes. A recent favorite of mine in this category is the speech given in 2013 by Australian musician and comedian Tim Minchin at University of Western Australia. The speech is funny, passionate and inspirational and contains �Nine Life Lessons�.", "Another speech I loved for years, ever since I discovered it, was given at Wheaton College back in 2000 by yet another non celebrity, in case you were worried about that. Author and art historian John Walsh proves that fame is not what matters after all. His speech eloquently shares his 8 things that he wished he has been told at his commencement and the advice stands as relevant today as it was over a decade ago.", "This last year's commencement season had one great speech that uses this format: the outstanding and very popular speech by Admiral McRaven at University of Texas at Austin. He shares with the graduates the ten lessons he learned from basic SEALS training hoping that they will be of value to them as they move forward in life.", "The speakers in this case have chosen to open up more than in any other type of graduation speeches. The audience will learn quite a lot about their personal lives and experiences as the transcript reads like a mini memoir. While similar to the first category in that the speakers share a handful of lessons learned, these speeches read like one life�s story in 12 minutes. Moreover, the advice is not clearly stated at the beginning. The speakers might start their stories by talking about they way they were brought up or jump to the time right after finishing school, and gradually highlight what they learned along the way. The whole speech is one glued together narrative as opposed to a few snapshot stories from different times in the speaker�s life.", "I have chosen three great commencements speeches to illustrate this category and will add more as I can. Movie producer Michael Uslan, the originator of the Batman series gave one of these addresses at University of Indiana in 2006 and made it in the Top 10 Speeches list.", "More recently, in 2013, music producer and entrepreneur Jimmy Iovine swept me away with his advice and the way he could open up in his graduation address at University of Southern California. Also from 2013, comes the speech by actor and comedian of The Office fame, Ed Helms. His talk to graduates at Knox College has the story since he was 8 years old and along the way shares this outstanding advice:� Don't be afraid of fear. Because it sharpens you, it challenges you, it makes you stronger; and when you run away from fear, you also run away from the opportunity to be your best possible self.�", "Game of Thrones actor Peter Dinklage opens up and shares with the audience his path to becoming a successful actor in the 2012 commencement address at Bennington College.", "One of the advantages of focusing on your life story is that you will do less reading of the speech since it is much easier to recall the details of our own life and the speech appears less scripted.", "Last but not least we have the speech that focuses in its entirety in driving home one main theme. In my opinion, this type is the hardest to pull together to create one outstanding commencement address. But hard as it can be, it does seem to pay off. Short of any scientific evidence, it appears that these speeches are the most likely to help the speaker land a book publishing contract. At least this is what happened in recent years with the speeches I will highlight here.", "First, there was David Foster Wallace�s speech, going by the title :�This Is Water: Some Thoughts, Delivered on a Significant Occasion, about Living a Compassionate Life� first published in book form by Little, Brown and Company in 2009. The iconic speech was given at Kenyon College in 2005 one year before I started this website and having much to do with my decision to look for more amazing such speeches. I remember I had it all printed out and underlined, and pulled out my office desk from time to time to be reminded of the importance of paying attention to what is. Granted, from a brilliant author we heard a brilliant speech.", "Another amazing speech, by another best selling author was famously reprinted in The New York Times this year. George Saunders�s convocation speech at Kenyon College has all the ingredients to stand the test of time. With outstanding insight and beautifully crafted sentences he inspires us all to �\"Err in the direction on kindness\". An expanded version of the speech is set to be released in the spring of 2014 by Random House.", "Type in Google �You Are Not Special� and you�ll be flooded with links to the speech that went viral in 2012 with the same title by David McCullough Jr. , a high school teacher. The speech, given at Wellesley High School graduation ceremony is likely the best high school commencement speech ever. The speaker, son and namesake of the famous historian, tells the graduates : �the great and curious truth of the human experience is that selflessness is the best thing you can do for yourself.� The book based on the speech is also set out for release in 2014 by HarperCollins Publishers.", "Truth be told, the answers to the question of how to be happy and successful have been thought for a very, very long time and it’s likely that human beings will continue to do so for as long as we will exist. Now, I am far from pretending that I can supply you with answers, but what I can certainly do, and did was to compile a list of the advice and wisdom most often shared with graduates in the inspirational speeches I curate. You might end up using different words but basically the advice, one way or the other, boils down to one of these 15 themes that I gathered after sifting through all 200+ commencement speeches in the Graduation Wisdom Collection.", "Going through this list might inspire you to pick the themes that you find most important. Do not worry about the fact that it has been all done before. Remember you are the one selected to be the speaker, it is your task to inspire the graduates. Most importantly, consider these two things. First, for advice to work it needs to be continuously reinforced. So it is your job on graduation day to reinforce the message. Yes, it’s true, they graduates already heard such meaningful advice from their parents, from teachers, from wonderful books starting with the book of their childhood and on to their young adults lives, from museums and works of art. But on that day, you and only you have the one great opportunity to inspire them. Take it on with enthusiasm!", "Second, picking the theme is almost less important than picking really good stories to illustrate the theme. Are you surprised? Think about this example: consider you will talk about the importance of working hard. After all, everyone, and I mean everyone, knows that working hard makes one more likely to succeed. Simply listing this advice without a powerful story or great metaphor will fall flat and go directly into the boring, let’s get over with, graduation speech. On the other hand, you can spend the time needed to enhance your advice , as coach Woody Hayes did, for a successful speech: “You'll find out that nothing that comes easy is worth a dime. As a matter of fact, I never saw a football player make a tackle with a smile on his face. Never.”", "Now, if you feel it is too hard to come up with your own metaphors for the whole speech, I hope you find comfort in that it is perfectly acceptable to use quotations by your favorite authors or other personalities to make your point stand out. Our graduation quotes collection might come handy here. Just remember, you can’t make your whole speech a list of quotation. It would feel depersonalized.", "Stories have the power to bring the advice to life and make it stick. Speakers can connect and better engage with the audience through stories since human beings, turns out, respond emotionally to stories.", "Neuroeconomics pioneer Paul Zak, director of the Center for Neuroeconomic Studies and author of The Moral Molecule: The Source of Love and Prosperity studies how people respond to stories. He discovered that even the simplest narrative can call result in a strong empathic response by triggering the release of neurochemicals like cortisol and oxytocin.", "So if I were to give you just one single advice, it is to really spend time and search for good stories or anecdotes to support your themes. Be creative! You can do it! Make sure to include this sentence or a similar one, � I am going to tell you a little story about how�� and I will guarantee you�ll take your speech to the next level!", "I am going to speak for 13 minutes. I think you deserve to know that this will be a finite experience. It is well-known in the world of public speaking that there is no pleasure you can give an audience that compares to the pleasure they get when it is over, so you can look forward to experiencing that pleasure 13 minutes from now. All the pre-law students just looked at their watches. -Billy Collins, Colorado College", "Cliches are trite, stereotyped expressions, sentences or phrases, usually expressing a popular or common thought or idea that have lost originality, ingenuity, and impact by long overuse. Overuse, my friend. In other words, quite possibly tried and true. The worst thing about clich�s, as eyeroll- inducing as they are, is the fact that they are often plainly true.\" -Porochista Khakpour, Author and Professor", "If possible, make a reference to something fun in campus. From what I have seen a quick mention of a popular bar would do it. It gets the audience excited and it is an easy win. Careful to not make mistakes with the local reference.", "Thank and congratulate the right list of people: Deans, trustees, parents, graduates. I am sure you can get advice from the University office on this one. Make sure you do it wholeheartedly for the graduates. They are excited. They deserve it.", "Enthusiasm, enthusiasm, enthusiasm! Nothing reads like a boring speech than a boring pace. It is a celebration, make it so, show it with all your heart.", "It is my great hope that these suggestions will help you prepare and deliver the an amazing commencement speech. Good luck!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Write a Graduation Speech | Advice from a Passionate Currator of\nCommencement Addresses\n\nGraduation Home\n\nTOP 10 | ALL SPEECHES | QUOTES\n\n# How To Write A Graduation Speech\n\nAdvice and tips on how to prepare, structure, and deliver a great commencement\naddress.\n\nCristina Negrut is the founder of graduationwisdom.com. She has collaborated\nextensively with NPR, National Public Radio, in building the - The Best\nCommencement Speeches, Ever - project and has given TV, radio, and press\ninterviews on commencement speeches.\n\nView the List of Announced 2019 Commencement Speakers\n\nTABLE OF CONTENTS\n\n 1. What Am I Going to Talk About?\n 2. Four Ways to Structure a Graduation Speech\n 3. Possible Graduation Speeches Themes\n 4. The Power of Storytelling in a Commencement Address\n 5. Cliches and Platitudes to Avoid in your Graduation Speech\n 6. How Long Should a Commencement Speech Be?\n 7. Quick Tips for Best Graduation Speeches\n\nIn this article I am going to share tips and techniques on how to prepare,\nstructure, and write the type of commencement speech that works for you.\nTwelve years into what I call my second job, as curator of inspirational\ngraduation speeches, I got to the point where I can confidently distinguish\nfour main ways of structuring such a speech. I am going to describe each of\nthese options and illustrate them with many examples from some of the best\ngraduation speeches in this collection. It will be up to you to review and\neventually pick a style that suits you best. But first things first. Let�s try\nto answer the main question that is probably burning you right now and that\nbrought you here in the first place.\n\n## 1\\. What Am I Going to Talk About?\n\n> I have wracked my mind and heart for what I ought to say to you today. I\n> asked myself what I wished I had known at my own graduation, and what\n> important lessons I have learned in the 21 years that has expired between\n> that day and this. -JK Rowling at Harvard University\n\nWondering about what you should tell the graduates, their parents, friends,\ngrandparents, and faculty, and a whole rest of the stadium? And let�s not\nforget about all those people potentially sharing your speech on YouTube,\nTwitter, Facebook, and the next social media app that was just loaded 30\nseconds ago. Well, you are not alone. Many of the amazing speakers whose\ngraduation addresses are worth reading and listening over and over again have\nasked themselves and fretted about the same very question. So take comfort in\nthat it is normal to find the task of giving a graduation speech quite\ndaunting. Do know that this is a clear sign that you care about your message\nand you want to get it right. Here are some examples of what past speakers\nshared with graduates about their feelings regarding the task of preparing a\ngraduation speech:\n\n> So I got nervous. I got scared�I was simply scared of screwing things up.\n> What was I going to talk about? - Ed Helms , Actor Knox College\n\n> I don�t make speeches. Despite what I do for a living, I�m basically kind of\n> shy. But about a little over a year ago, Larry, you know Larry, Larry\n> called. We traded phone calls and I finally reached him and he was on his\n> sailboat. He said to me, �Listen, I want you to give this speech in 2008.�\n> And I had just started at the Today show and everything I read said the show\n> is going to tank now that Katie was gone. I said, �Listen, Larry, I could\n> really screw up my job and then you�re not going to want me here giving the\n> commencement address. He sort of laughed and he said, �Don�t worry about\n> it.� And then I said, �Plus, I don�t even know what I would say to these\n> students.� He said, �Oh, you�ve got a year to think about it.� And then\n> there must have been a gust of wind because his voice sort of trailed off\n> and the last thing I heard him say was, �Speak from your heart, Meredith.�\n> So for the past year I�ve been trying to think of what I should say to you.\n> -Meredith Vieira, Journalist Tufts University\n\n> This is not the first commencement address I have ever given. But the task\n> of dispensing advice to a group of young strangers, and, worse, the job of\n> reassuring them about the future does not get any easier with time or\n> practice. Current events are no help, as usual, when it comes to dispensing\n> optimism. The commencement address is also an open invitation to pretend to\n> know more than you do, specifically how in the world you got to the point in\n> life where you were seriously considered as a commencement speaker. Ask any\n> high school or college classmate of mine and they will tell you that I would\n> be a serious contender for the Most Unlikely Ever to Be Invited To Give A\n> Commence Address Prize. -Billy Collins, Poet Laureate Collorado College\n\nGraduation Quote from Apple's CEO Tim Cook at Auburn University 2010\n\nLet�s tackle the question of what should a commencement speech include?\nTradition has it that a commencement speech typically contains life advice,\nwords of wisdom, lessons learned, ideas on how to be successful, insights on\nhow to be happy, and what really matters in life. Phew. Still here? No\npressure, right?! It seems indeed that it all boils down to one timeless\nquestion: How to be happy and successful? Don�t we all want to know this?!\nUnless your middle name is Zen Master you too are probably still searching for\nthe answers. To make this question more palatable you might want to frame it\nas what you wished you knew when you were 21? We�ll get to actual, possible\nanswers, or themes in the next chapter but for now let�s again give it to past\nspeakers to tell us, from their own research, what they found out a\ncommencement speech ought to be. Oh, and we have some speakers that ended up\nusing email or social media to ask the graduates themselves what they would\nlike to hear in the speech.\n\n> About all a commencement speaker can really do is to suggest a couple of\n> things that she believes really matters. -Sue Monk Kidd, Best Selling Author\n> Scripps College\n\n> So on this beautiful day, before these eager, wild-eyed graduates, I want to\n> share a few stories and the lessons they have taught me when I faced tough\n> times, when I stumbled, and when there has been an extreme rare occasion\n> that I�ve made a mistake. -Rahm Emanuel, Politician George Washington\n> University\n\n> I�ve attended enough of these ceremonies to know that commencement speakers\n> are always scheduled relatively early in the line-up. There's a reason for\n> that. It's what Mark Twain called the \"live frog\" principle. Twain used to\n> argue, and quite convincingly, that one should swallow a live frog at the\n> beginning of every day. That way you'd know the worst part of your day was\n> behind you. ... That said, I do have a mission to accomplish here. It is up\n> to me to utter those words of profound wisdom and inspiration ... That your\n> mother will remember ten years from now. -Sumner Redstone, Businessman DeVry\n> University\n\n> This may be your first college commencement, but you probably know\n> commencement addresses have a certain form. The school asks a person who has\n> achieved a certain level of career success to give you a speech telling you\n> that career success is not important. Then we�re supposed to give you a few\n> minutes of completely garbage advice: Listen to your inner voice. Be true to\n> yourself. First, my generation leaves you a mountain of debt. Then we give\n> you career derailing guidelines that will prevent you from ever paying it\n> off. Well, when I appear before fresh graduates, I do always ladle out some\n> advice, but this is grade A material, tested with the scientific method. My\n> advice is going to be about what to worry about and what not to worry about.\n> My job here is not to eliminate your worries. My job is to make sure you are\n> worried about the right things. First, let me tell you about the things you\n> should not worry about. -David Brooks, NYT Columnist and Author Sewanee\n> University\n\n> The whole idea of this commencement speech is that I�m supposed to offer you\n> some thoughts on how you might live a good life out there in the so-called\n> Real World, which by the way I assure you is no more or less real than the\n> one in which you have so far found yourselves. -John Green, Bestsellign\n> Author Butler University\n\n> So I thought I would use my few minutes today to make Ten Suggestions, or\n> maybe just Ten Observations, about the world and your lives after Princeton.\n> Please note, these points have nothing whatsoever to do with interest rates.\n> My qualification for making such suggestions, or observations, besides\n> having kindly been invited to speak today by President Tilghman, is the same\n> as the reason that your obnoxious brother or sister got to go to bed later--\n> I am older than you. All of what follows has been road-tested in real-life\n> situations, but past performance is no guarantee of future results. -Ben\n> Bernanke, Economist Princeton University\n\n> Down through the ages, a traditional form has evolved for this type of\n> speech, which is: Some old fart, his best years behind him, who, over the\n> course of his life, has made a series of dreadful mistakes (that would be\n> me), gives heartfelt advice to a group of shining, energetic young people,\n> with all of their best years ahead of them (that would be you). And I intend\n> to respect that tradition. -George Saunders, Bestselling Author Syracuse\n> University\n\n> So the question of the hour is what can I teach you? How can I help you even\n> in the slightest way to be ready for whatever comes next? So I asked myself,\n> how did I get here? After a lot of thought, I realized there have been two\n> life lessons that changed everything about me. - Jimmy Iovine, Music\n> Producer University of Southern California\n\n## 2\\. How to Structure a Graduation Speech\n\nIn this section I describe four main options for how to structure a graduation\nspeech. These categories are not the only ways to organize a speech however\n,after reading and scanning through scores of such speeches, these four\npatterns emerged among the best of the graduation speeches. The hope is that\nhaving a framework for how to organize your speech it will be a little bit\neasier for you to write it. While helpful examples are used to illustrate\nthese, it�s important to not get discouraged when you read the speeches. Do\nnot put yourself down. Believe you were asked to do the speech for a reason.\nMoreover, for every great speech here, there are literally thousands of others\nthat were instantly forgotten less they were so bad or boring that people\ncould not forget them even if this is all they wanted to. Lastly, simply the\nfact that you came to the Graduation Wisdom site and are reading these tips on\nhow to write a speech tells me you�re on to something good.\n\n### I. A Handful of Themes Illustrated with Personal or Other Non Fictional\nStories\n\nIn this category are the speeches that have anywhere between two to five\nthemes and the speaker introduces them early on. Most of the speech is divided\nequally among the chosen themes and stories are used to make the message\nstick. (Read more about the power of stories in the story section).\n\nSteve Job�s famous 2005 Stanford commencement speech is one of the best\nexamples. No further than his first paragraph he states :\n\n> Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal.\n> Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots.\n\nAnother straight forward sample graduation speech of this type, and equally\nfamous, is Harry Potter�s author, J.K. Rowlings� 2008 Harvard University\ncommencement speech. Here is how she skillfully introduces her two messages:\n\n> I have asked myself what I wish I had known at my own graduation, and what\n> important lessons I have learned in the 21 years that has expired between\n> that day and this.� she continues: �I have come up with two answers. On this\n> wonderful day when we are gathered together to celebrate your academic\n> success, I have decided to talk to you about the benefits of failure. And as\n> you stand on the threshold of what is sometimes called �real life�, I want\n> to extol the crucial importance of imagination.\n\nI understand, you might not quite be one of the most famous CEO�s or authors\non this planet. Fear not! One of the best speeches, actually in our top ten\nlist for the longest time, is given by a teacher. Mark Lewis, Professor of\nClinical Psychology gave a fantastic commencement speech at University of\nTexas. 14 years later now, this speech remain truly a gem meant to inspire\ngenerations to come. Here is how professor Lewis starts his main part of the\naddress:\n\n> I want to tell you three true stories this evening. Together they make a\n> point that I consider one of the great secrets of life and I hope you�ll\n> remember these stories, because I promise you that you�ll need them at some\n> time or another.�\n\nA fabulous speech and a good example for this category that uses examples from\nthe real world other than his own personal experiences. I consider this to be\nespecially helpful as inspiration for the valedictory speakers who are\nprobably the same age as the graduates and hence have had less personal\nexperiences to use in their speeches. But not necessarily. Back to Lewis�s\nspeech, he is a great storyteller. He also managed to produce some of the best\nlines that became one of my favorite graduation quotes:\n\n> The person who you�re with most in life is yourself and if you don�t like\n> yourself you�re always with somebody you don�t like. �\n\nSo simple, so true, and so beautifully put into words.\n\nBut let�s return to the more common scenario of speeches with personal stories\nas speakers reflect back on their own lives and try to highlight the\nexperiences and stories that shaped them. Another great one, also in top ten,\nis from director and movie producer (Airplane) Jerry Zucker given at\nUniversity of Wisconsin in 2003. He not only shared great advice but also\nmanaged to be funny - a much welcomed bonus if you can pulled it off.\nEverybody likes a joke or two and you might be surprised, but given that the\noccasion is festive and the audience is in such a happy celebratory mood, the\njokes take off easier than you might otherwise think. Don�t be afraid to try a\ncouple unless you�ve known all your life you never pulled a joke in which case\nyou might want to lighten up. Just kidding.\n\nLet�s review a few more examples. TV host, Professor and Author Melissa\nHarris-Perry at Wellesley College in 2012 has an interesting one as she adds a\ntwist to her themes. She phrases the message in unconventional terms. She\nsays:\n\n> I've got three things I want to ask you to be as you move forward, and I\n> think these might be kind of counterintuitive, particularly coming from a\n> political progressive who is unashamedly feminist, concerned with racial and\n> economic and environmental justice, but here are the three things I'm going\n> to ask of you: Be ignorant. Be silent.Be thick. This inverting techniques\n> reinforces the stories in that it tells you something contrary to the\n> general believe and consequently it draws you in by awakening your\n> curiosity.\n\nMost recently, the mezzosoprano Joyce Didonato shared a moving and truly\ninspirational graduation speech at Juilliard School in 2014 imparting with the\ngraduates \"four little observations\".\n\n### II. Six to Ten Plus Themes Illustrated with Anecdotes and Short Personal\nStories\n\nThis type of graduation speech allows the speaker to share a larger number of\nideas and tips with the audience. The themes themselves are not announced at\nthe beginning. The authors only mention how many pieces of such advice they\nwill give. You can pick this category if you feel that a longer list works\nbetter for you, for example if you find yourself having a hard time narrowing\ndown the advice to just less than five ideas. Moreover, with a longer list but\nshorter time to support the advice, it is perfectly fine to alternate between\npersonal examples and anecdotes. A recent favorite of mine in this category is\nthe speech given in 2013 by Australian musician and comedian Tim Minchin at\nUniversity of Western Australia. The speech is funny, passionate and\ninspirational and contains �Nine Life Lessons�.\n\nAnother speech I loved for years, ever since I discovered it, was given at\nWheaton College back in 2000 by yet another non celebrity, in case you were\nworried about that. Author and art historian John Walsh proves that fame is\nnot what matters after all. His speech eloquently shares his 8 things that he\nwished he has been told at his commencement and the advice stands as relevant\ntoday as it was over a decade ago.\n\nThis last year's commencement season had one great speech that uses this\nformat: the outstanding and very popular speech by Admiral McRaven at\nUniversity of Texas at Austin. He shares with the graduates the ten lessons he\nlearned from basic SEALS training hoping that they will be of value to them as\nthey move forward in life.\n\n### III. One Autobiographical Narrative\n\nThe speakers in this case have chosen to open up more than in any other type\nof graduation speeches. The audience will learn quite a lot about their\npersonal lives and experiences as the transcript reads like a mini memoir.\nWhile similar to the first category in that the speakers share a handful of\nlessons learned, these speeches read like one life�s story in 12 minutes.\nMoreover, the advice is not clearly stated at the beginning. The speakers\nmight start their stories by talking about they way they were brought up or\njump to the time right after finishing school, and gradually highlight what\nthey learned along the way. The whole speech is one glued together narrative\nas opposed to a few snapshot stories from different times in the speaker�s\nlife.\n\nI have chosen three great commencements speeches to illustrate this category\nand will add more as I can. Movie producer Michael Uslan, the originator of\nthe Batman series gave one of these addresses at University of Indiana in 2006\nand made it in the Top 10 Speeches list.\n\nMore recently, in 2013, music producer and entrepreneur Jimmy Iovine swept me\naway with his advice and the way he could open up in his graduation address at\nUniversity of Southern California. Also from 2013, comes the speech by actor\nand comedian of The Office fame, Ed Helms. His talk to graduates at Knox\nCollege has the story since he was 8 years old and along the way shares this\noutstanding advice:� Don't be afraid of fear. Because it sharpens you, it\nchallenges you, it makes you stronger; and when you run away from fear, you\nalso run away from the opportunity to be your best possible self.�\n\nGame of Thrones actor Peter Dinklage opens up and shares with the audience his\npath to becoming a successful actor in the 2012 commencement address at\nBennington College.\n\nOne of the advantages of focusing on your life story is that you will do less\nreading of the speech since it is much easier to recall the details of our own\nlife and the speech appears less scripted.\n\n### IV. One Main Topic with Few Personal References\n\nLast but not least we have the speech that focuses in its entirety in driving\nhome one main theme. In my opinion, this type is the hardest to pull together\nto create one outstanding commencement address. But hard as it can be, it does\nseem to pay off. Short of any scientific evidence, it appears that these\nspeeches are the most likely to help the speaker land a book publishing\ncontract. At least this is what happened in recent years with the speeches I\nwill highlight here.\n\nFirst, there was David Foster Wallace�s speech, going by the title :�This Is\nWater: Some Thoughts, Delivered on a Significant Occasion, about Living a\nCompassionate Life� first published in book form by Little, Brown and Company\nin 2009. The iconic speech was given at Kenyon College in 2005 one year before\nI started this website and having much to do with my decision to look for more\namazing such speeches. I remember I had it all printed out and underlined, and\npulled out my office desk from time to time to be reminded of the importance\nof paying attention to what is. Granted, from a brilliant author we heard a\nbrilliant speech.\n\nAnother amazing speech, by another best selling author was famously reprinted\nin The New York Times this year. George Saunders�s convocation speech at\nKenyon College has all the ingredients to stand the test of time. With\noutstanding insight and beautifully crafted sentences he inspires us all to\n�\"Err in the direction on kindness\". An expanded version of the speech is set\nto be released in the spring of 2014 by Random House.\n\nType in Google �You Are Not Special� and you�ll be flooded with links to the\nspeech that went viral in 2012 with the same title by David McCullough Jr. , a\nhigh school teacher. The speech, given at Wellesley High School graduation\nceremony is likely the best high school commencement speech ever. The speaker,\nson and namesake of the famous historian, tells the graduates : �the great and\ncurious truth of the human experience is that selflessness is the best thing\nyou can do for yourself.� The book based on the speech is also set out for\nrelease in 2014 by HarperCollins Publishers.\n\n## 3\\. A Survey of Possible Themes\n\nTruth be told, the answers to the question of how to be happy and successful\nhave been thought for a very, very long time and it’s likely that human beings\nwill continue to do so for as long as we will exist. Now, I am far from\npretending that I can supply you with answers, but what I can certainly do,\nand did was to compile a list of the advice and wisdom most often shared with\ngraduates in the inspirational speeches I curate. You might end up using\ndifferent words but basically the advice, one way or the other, boils down to\none of these 15 themes that I gathered after sifting through all 200+\ncommencement speeches in the Graduation Wisdom Collection.\n\n 1. Figure Out Who You Are\n 2. Trust Yourself\n 3. Do Not Let Others Define Who You Are\n 4. About Those Big Dreams...\n 5. Take Initiative and Get in the Game\n 6. Be As Persistent As you Can Be\n 7. Learn To Fail or Fail to Learn\n 8. You Do Not Need To Be Perfect\n 9. Use Your Imagination and Your Creativity\n 10. Remind Yourself To Be Present\n 11. If You Think You Can, You Can\n 12. Nudge Yourself To Take More Risks\n 13. If You Cannot Embrace Change, At Least Give It a Hug Once in a While\n 14. Work Hard and Keep Walking the Road\n 15. Try Selflessness and Give Back\n\nGoing through this list might inspire you to pick the themes that you find\nmost important. Do not worry about the fact that it has been all done before.\nRemember you are the one selected to be the speaker, it is your task to\ninspire the graduates. Most importantly, consider these two things. First, for\nadvice to work it needs to be continuously reinforced. So it is your job on\ngraduation day to reinforce the message. Yes, it’s true, they graduates\nalready heard such meaningful advice from their parents, from teachers, from\nwonderful books starting with the book of their childhood and on to their\nyoung adults lives, from museums and works of art. But on that day, you and\nonly you have the one great opportunity to inspire them. Take it on with\nenthusiasm!\n\nSecond, picking the theme is almost less important than picking really good\nstories to illustrate the theme. Are you surprised? Think about this example:\nconsider you will talk about the importance of working hard. After all,\neveryone, and I mean everyone, knows that working hard makes one more likely\nto succeed. Simply listing this advice without a powerful story or great\nmetaphor will fall flat and go directly into the boring, let’s get over with,\ngraduation speech. On the other hand, you can spend the time needed to enhance\nyour advice , as coach Woody Hayes did, for a successful speech: “You'll find\nout that nothing that comes easy is worth a dime. As a matter of fact, I never\nsaw a football player make a tackle with a smile on his face. Never.”\n\nNow, if you feel it is too hard to come up with your own metaphors for the\nwhole speech, I hope you find comfort in that it is perfectly acceptable to\nuse quotations by your favorite authors or other personalities to make your\npoint stand out. Our graduation quotes collection might come handy here. Just\nremember, you can’t make your whole speech a list of quotation. It would feel\ndepersonalized.\n\n## 4\\. The Power of Storytelling\n\nStories have the power to bring the advice to life and make it stick. Speakers\ncan connect and better engage with the audience through stories since human\nbeings, turns out, respond emotionally to stories.\n\nNeuroeconomics pioneer Paul Zak, director of the Center for Neuroeconomic\nStudies and author of The Moral Molecule: The Source of Love and Prosperity\nstudies how people respond to stories. He discovered that even the simplest\nnarrative can call result in a strong empathic response by triggering the\nrelease of neurochemicals like cortisol and oxytocin.\n\nSo if I were to give you just one single advice, it is to really spend time\nand search for good stories or anecdotes to support your themes. Be creative!\nYou can do it! Make sure to include this sentence or a similar one, � I am\ngoing to tell you a little story about how�� and I will guarantee you�ll take\nyour speech to the next level!\n\n## 5\\. How Long Should a Graduation Speech Be?\n\n> I am going to speak for 13 minutes. I think you deserve to know that this\n> will be a finite experience. It is well-known in the world of public\n> speaking that there is no pleasure you can give an audience that compares to\n> the pleasure they get when it is over, so you can look forward to\n> experiencing that pleasure 13 minutes from now. All the pre-law students\n> just looked at their watches. -Billy Collins, Colorado College\n\nKeep it short. I can�t reinforce this enough. Anywhere between 10 to 15\nminutes, with target for 12 minutes is the best length, I found out. It will\nallow you to maintain the enthusiasm and focus of the audience. Attention\nspans, it seems, are going down so much more these days so I might need to\nupdate this recommendation soon.\n\n## 6\\. Cliches and Platitudes\n\n> Cliches are trite, stereotyped expressions, sentences or phrases, usually\n> expressing a popular or common thought or idea that have lost originality,\n> ingenuity, and impact by long overuse. Overuse, my friend. In other words,\n> quite possibly tried and true. The worst thing about clich�s, as eyeroll-\n> inducing as they are, is the fact that they are often plainly true.\"\n> -Porochista Khakpour, Author and Professor\n\n> To give such an address is also to walk through a mine field of clich�s.\n> Most of which I don�t believe anyway. I am not, for example, a big fan of\n> working hard to achieve something. I prefer the attitude of Max Beerbohm who\n> said that \"the ant sets an example for us all, but it is not a good one.�\n> -Poet Bill Collins\n\nBelow is the beginning of a list of cliches you might want to avoid. They\nwould not add anything to a speech. If you already wrote the speech you can\ncheck to make sure they are not included. I will add more in time, I just\nstarted with the ten most obvious one.\n\n * This is the beginning.\n * Time of unprecendented...\n * The future belongs to you.\n * This is your day.\n * Current unemployment rates...\n * Go change the world.\n * Today is not the end of your education, but the beginning.\n * We gathered here today to mark a milestone.\n * Aaccelerating change in the world from globalization and technology.\n * Everything you have done so far has been preparing you for these moments.\n\n## 7\\. Quick Tips\n\n * If possible, make a reference to something fun in campus. From what I have seen a quick mention of a popular bar would do it. It gets the audience excited and it is an easy win. Careful to not make mistakes with the local reference.\n * Thank and congratulate the right list of people: Deans, trustees, parents, graduates. I am sure you can get advice from the University office on this one. Make sure you do it wholeheartedly for the graduates. They are excited. They deserve it.\n * Enthusiasm, enthusiasm, enthusiasm! Nothing reads like a boring speech than a boring pace. It is a celebration, make it so, show it with all your heart.\n * Repeat your message to make it stick.\n * Run your speech thought the platitudes checker and make sure you edit it accordingly.\n * Typical public speaking tips such as preparation, rehearsing the speech to pace yourself just right, show passion, and emotion.\n\nFeel free to use any of the quotes from the Quotes for Graduation Collection:\n\nIt is my great hope that these suggestions will help you prepare and deliver\nthe an amazing commencement speech. Good luck!\n\nYou can contact me her by email: gradwisdom@gmail.com\n\nFollow @gradwisdom\n\nCOMMENCEMENT SPEECHES| GRADUATION QUOTES \n---|--- \n \nTop 10 Speeches Best Speeches by Year Graduation Advice Archive: All Speeches\n\n|\n\nBest Graduation Quotes Funny Graduation Quotes Graduation Quotes Illustrated\nGraduation Sketchnotes \n \nHOME | CONTACT\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0149-Admiral-McRaven-Best-Commencement-Speeches-2014.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200609073804/https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0149-Admiral-McRaven-Best-Commencement-Speeches-2014.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Best Commencement Speeches 2014", "passages": [ "President Powers, Provost Fenves, Deans, members of the faculty, family and friends and most importantly, the class of 2014. Congratulations on your achievement.", "I remember I had throbbing headache from a party the night before. I remember I had a serious girlfriend, whom I later married—that’s important to remember by the way—and I remember that I was getting commissioned in the Navy that day.", "But of all the things I remember, I don’t have a clue who the commencement speaker was that evening and I certainly don’t remember anything they said.", "That great paragon of analytical rigor, Ask.Com says that the average American will meet 10,000 people in their life time.", "But, if every one of you changed the lives of just ten people—and each one of those folks changed the lives of another ten people—just ten—then in five generations—125 years—the class of 2014 will have changed the lives of 800 million people.", "800 million people—think of it—over twice the population of the United States. Go one more generation and you can change the entire population of the world—8 billion people.", "A young Army officer makes a decision to go left instead of right down a road in Baghdad and the ten soldiers in his squad are saved from close-in ambush.", "In Kandahar province, Afghanistan, a non-commissioned officer from the Female Engagement Team senses something isn’t right and directs the infantry platoon away from a 500 pound IED, saving the lives of a dozen soldiers.", "But, if you think about it, not only were these soldiers saved by the decisions of one person, but their children yet unborn—were also saved. And their children’s children—were saved.", "So, what starts here can indeed change the world, but the question is...what will the world look like after you change it?", "If you want to change the world, measure a person by the size of their heart, not the size of their flippers.", "Well, I am confident that it will look much, much better, but if you will humor this old sailor for just a moment, I have a few suggestions that may help you on your way to a better a world.", "And while these lessons were learned during my time in the military, I can assure you that it matters not whether you ever served a day in uniform.", "Our struggles in this world are similar and the lessons to overcome those struggles and to move forward—changing ourselves and the world around us—will apply equally to all.", "I have been a Navy SEAL for 36 years. But it all began when I left UT for Basic SEAL training in Coronado, California.", "Basic SEAL training is six months of long torturous runs in the soft sand, midnight swims in the cold water off San Diego, obstacles courses, unending calisthenics, days without sleep and always being cold, wet and miserable.", "It is six months of being constantly harassed by professionally trained warriors who seek to find the weak of mind and body and eliminate them from ever becoming a Navy SEAL.", "But, the training also seeks to find those students who can lead in an environment of constant stress, chaos, failure and hardships.", "So, here are the ten lesson’s I learned from basic SEAL training that hopefully will be of value to you as you move forward in life.", "Every morning in basic SEAL training, my instructors, who at the time were all Vietnam veterans, would show up in my barracks room and the first thing they would inspect was your bed.", "If you did it right, the corners would be square, the covers pulled tight, the pillow centered just under the headboard and the extra blanket folded neatly at the foot of the rack—rack—that’s Navy talk for bed.", "It was a simple task—mundane at best. But every morning we were required to make our bed to perfection. It seemed a little ridiculous at the time, particularly in light of the fact that were aspiring to be real warriors, tough battle hardened SEALs—but the wisdom of this simple act has been proven to me many times over.", "If you make your bed every morning you will have accomplished the first task of the day. It will give you a small sense of pride and it will encourage you to do another task and another and another.", "By the end of the day, that one task completed will have turned into many tasks completed. Making your bed will also reinforce the fact that little things in life matter.", "And, if by chance you have a miserable day, you will come home to a bed that is made—that you made—and a made bed gives you encouragement that tomorrow will be better.", "During SEAL training the students are broken down into boat crews. Each crew is seven students—three on each side of a small rubber boat and one coxswain to help guide the dingy.", "Every day your boat crew forms up on the beach and is instructed to get through the surfzone and paddle several miles down the coast.", "In the winter, the surf off San Diego can get to be 8 to 10 feet high and it is exceedingly difficult to paddle through the plunging surf unless everyone digs in.", "Every paddle must be synchronized to the stroke count of the coxswain. Everyone must exert equal effort or the boat will turn against the wave and be unceremoniously tossed back on the beach.", "You can’t change the world alone—you will need some help— and to truly get from your starting point to your destination takes friends, colleagues, the good will of strangers and a strong coxswain to guide them.", "Over a few weeks of difficult training my SEAL class which started with 150 men was down to just 35. There were now six boat crews of seven men each.", "I was in the boat with the tall guys, but the best boat crew we had was made up of the the little guys—the munchkin crew we called them—no one was over about 5-foot five.", "The munchkin boat crew had one American Indian, one African American, one Polish American, one Greek American, one Italian American, and two tough kids from the mid-west.", "The big men in the other boat crews would always make good natured fun of the tiny little flippers the munchkins put on their tiny little feetprior to every swim.", "But somehow these little guys, from every corner of the Nation and the world, always had the last laugh— swimming faster than everyone and reaching the shore long before the rest of us.", "SEAL training was a great equalizer. Nothing mattered but your will to succeed. Not your color, not your ethnic background, not your education and not your social status.", "If you want to change the world, measure a person by the size of their heart, not the size of their flippers.", "Several times a week, the instructors would line up the class and do a uniform inspection. It was exceptionally thorough.", "Your hat had to be perfectly starched, your uniform immaculately pressed and your belt buckle shiny and void of any smudges.", "But it seemed that no matter how much effort you put into starching your hat, or pressing your uniform or polishing your belt buckle—- it just wasn’t good enough.", "For failing the uniform inspection, the student had to run, fully clothed into the surfzone and then, wet from head to toe, roll around on the beach until every part of your body was covered with sand.", "The effect was known as a “sugar cookie.” You stayed in that uniform the rest of the day—cold, wet and sandy.", "There were many a student who just couldn’t accept the fact that all their effort was in vain. That no matter how hard they tried to get the uniform right—it was unappreciated.", "Those students didn’t understand the purpose of the drill. You were never going to succeed. You were never going to have a perfect uniform.", "Sometimes no matter how well you prepare or how well you perform you still end up as a sugar cookie.", "Every day during training you were challenged with multiple physical events—long runs, long swims, obstacle courses, hours of calisthenics—something designed to test your mettle.", "Every event had standards—times you had to meet. If you failed to meet those standards your name was posted on a list and at the end of the day those on the list were invited to—a “circus.”", "A circus was two hours of additional calisthenics—designed to wear you down, to break your spirit, to force you to quit.", "A circus meant that for that day you didn’t measure up. A circus meant more fatigue—and more fatigue meant that the following day would be more difficult—and more circuses were likely.", "But an interesting thing happened to those who were constantly on the list. Overtime those students-—who did two hours of extra calisthenics—got stronger and stronger.", "You will fail. You will likely fail often. It will be painful. It will be discouraging. At times it will test you to your very core.", "At least twice a week, the trainees were required to run the obstacle course. The obstacle course contained 25 obstacles including a 10-foot high wall, a 30-foot cargo net, and a barbed wire crawl to name a few.", "But the most challenging obstacle was the slide for life. It had a three level 30 foot tower at one end and a one level tower at the other. In between was a 200-foot long rope.", "You had to climb the three tiered tower and once at the top, you grabbed the rope, swung underneath the rope and pulled yourself hand over hand until you got to the other end.", "Instead of swinging his body underneath the rope and inching his way down, he bravely mounted the TOP of the rope and thrust himself forward.", "It was a dangerous move—seemingly foolish, and fraught with risk. Failure could mean injury and being dropped from the training.", "Without hesitation—the student slid down the rope—perilously fast, instead of several minutes, it only took him half that time and by the end of the course he had broken the record.", "During the land warfare phase of training, the students are flown out to San Clemente Island which lies off the coast of San Diego.", "The waters off San Clemente are a breeding ground for the great white sharks. To pass SEAL training there are a series of long swims that must be completed. One—is the night swim.", "Before the swim the instructors joyfully brief the trainees on all the species of sharks that inhabit the waters off San Clemente.", "But, you are also taught that if a shark begins to circle your position—stand your ground. Do not swim away. Do not act afraid.", "And if the shark, hungry for a midnight snack, darts towards you—then summons up all your strength and punch him in the snout and he will turn and swim away.", "There are a lot of sharks in the world. If you hope to complete the swim you will have to deal with them.", "As Navy SEALs one of our jobs is to conduct underwater attacks against enemy shipping. We practiced this technique extensively during basic training.", "The ship attack mission is where a pair of SEAL divers is dropped off outside an enemy harbor and then swims well over two miles—underwater—using nothing but a depth gauge and a compass to get to their target.", "During the entire swim, even well below the surface there is some light that comes through. It is comforting to know that there is open water above you.", "But as you approach the ship, which is tied to a pier, the light begins to fade. The steel structure of the ship blocks the moonlight—it blocks the surrounding street lamps—it blocks all ambient light.", "To be successful in your mission, you have to swim under the ship and find the keel—the centerline and the deepest part of the ship.", "This is your objective. But the keel is also the darkest part of the ship—where you cannot see your hand in front of your face, where the noise from the ship’s machinery is deafening and where it is easy to get disoriented and fail.", "Every SEAL knows that under the keel, at the darkest moment of the mission—is the time when you must be calm, composed—when all your tactical skills, your physical power and all your inner strength must be brought to bear.", "The ninth week of training is referred to as “Hell Week.” It is six days of no sleep, constant physical and mental harassment and—one special day at the Mud Flats—the Mud Flats are area between San Diego and Tijuana where the water runs off and creates the Tijuana slue’s—a swampy patch of terrain where the mud will engulf you.", "It is on Wednesday of Hell Week that you paddle down to the mud flats and spend the next 15 hours trying to survive the freezing cold mud, the howling wind and the incessant pressure to quit from the instructors.", "As the sun began to set that Wednesday evening, my training class, having committed some “egregious infraction of the rules” was ordered into the mud.", "The mud consumed each man till there was nothing visible but our heads. The instructors told us we could leave the mud if only five men would quit—just five men and we could get out of the oppressive cold.", "Looking around the mud flat it was apparent that some students were about to give up. It was still over eight hours till the sun came up—eight more hours of bone chilling cold.", "The chattering teeth and shivering moans of the trainees were so loud it was hard to hear anything and then, one voice began to echo through the night—one voice raised in song.", "If I have learned anything in my time traveling the world, it is the power of hope. The power of one person—Washington, Lincoln, King, Mandela and even a young girl from Pakistan—Malala—one person can change the world by giving people hope.", "Finally, in SEAL training there is a bell. A brass bell that hangs in the center of the compound for all the students to see.", "All you have to do to quit—is ring the bell. Ring the bell and you no longer have to wake up at 5 o’clock. Ring the bell and you no longer have to do the freezing cold swims.", "Ring the bell and you no longer have to do the runs, the obstacle course, the PT—and you no longer have to endure the hardships of training.", "To the graduating class of 2014, you are moments away from graduating. Moments away from beginning your journey through life. Moments away starting to change the world—for the better.", "But, YOU are the class of 2014—the class that can affect the lives of 800 million people in the next century.", "Know that life is not fair and that you will fail often, but if take you take some risks, step up when the times are toughest, face down the bullies, lift up the downtrodden and never, ever give up—if you do these things, then next generation and the generations that follow will live in a world far better than the one we have today and—what started here will indeed have changed the world—for the better." ] }, "parsed_md": "Adm. McRaven | Best Commencement Speeches 2014 |UT Austin\n\nGraduation Home\n\nTOP 10 | ALL SPEECHES | QUOTES\n\n# Adm. William McRaven\n\nNaval Admiral University of Texas at Austin | May 15, 2014\n\nSPEECH TRANSCRIPT\n\nPresident Powers, Provost Fenves, Deans, members of the faculty, family and\nfriends and most importantly, the class of 2014. Congratulations on your\nachievement.\n\nIt’s been almost 37 years to the day that I graduated from UT.\n\nI remember a lot of things about that day.\n\nI remember I had throbbing headache from a party the night before. I remember\nI had a serious girlfriend, whom I later married—that’s important to remember\nby the way—and I remember that I was getting commissioned in the Navy that\nday.\n\nBut of all the things I remember, I don’t have a clue who the commencement\nspeaker was that evening and I certainly don’t remember anything they said.\n\nSo...acknowledging that fact—if I can’t make this commencement speech\nmemorable—I will at least try to make it short.\n\nThe University’s slogan is,\n\n“What starts here changes the world.”\n\nI have to admit—I kinda like it.\n\n“What starts here changes the world.”\n\nTonight there are almost 8,000 students graduating from UT.\n\nThat great paragon of analytical rigor, Ask.Com says that the average American\nwill meet 10,000 people in their life time.\n\nThat’s a lot of folks.\n\nBut, if every one of you changed the lives of just ten people—and each one of\nthose folks changed the lives of another ten people—just ten—then in five\ngenerations—125 years—the class of 2014 will have changed the lives of 800\nmillion people.\n\n800 million people—think of it—over twice the population of the United States.\nGo one more generation and you can change the entire population of the world—8\nbillion people.\n\nIf you think it’s hard to change the lives of ten people—change their lives\nforever—you’re wrong.\n\nI saw it happen every day in Iraq and Afghanistan.\n\nA young Army officer makes a decision to go left instead of right down a road\nin Baghdad and the ten soldiers in his squad are saved from close-in ambush.\n\nIn Kandahar province, Afghanistan, a non-commissioned officer from the Female\nEngagement Team senses something isn’t right and directs the infantry platoon\naway from a 500 pound IED, saving the lives of a dozen soldiers.\n\nBut, if you think about it, not only were these soldiers saved by the\ndecisions of one person, but their children yet unborn—were also saved. And\ntheir children’s children—were saved.\n\nGenerations were saved by one decision—by one person.\n\nBut changing the world can happen anywhere and anyone can do it.\n\nSo, what starts here can indeed change the world, but the question is...what\nwill the world look like after you change it?\n\nIf you want to change the world, measure a person by the size of their heart,\nnot the size of their flippers.\n\nWell, I am confident that it will look much, much better, but if you will\nhumor this old sailor for just a moment, I have a few suggestions that may\nhelp you on your way to a better a world.\n\nAnd while these lessons were learned during my time in the military, I can\nassure you that it matters not whether you ever served a day in uniform.\n\nIt matters not your gender, your ethnic or religious background, your\norientation, or your social status.\n\nOur struggles in this world are similar and the lessons to overcome those\nstruggles and to move forward—changing ourselves and the world around us—will\napply equally to all.\n\nI have been a Navy SEAL for 36 years. But it all began when I left UT for\nBasic SEAL training in Coronado, California.\n\nBasic SEAL training is six months of long torturous runs in the soft sand,\nmidnight swims in the cold water off San Diego, obstacles courses, unending\ncalisthenics, days without sleep and always being cold, wet and miserable.\n\nIt is six months of being constantly harassed by professionally trained\nwarriors who seek to find the weak of mind and body and eliminate them from\never becoming a Navy SEAL.\n\nBut, the training also seeks to find those students who can lead in an\nenvironment of constant stress, chaos, failure and hardships.\n\nTo me basic SEAL training was a life time of challenges crammed into six\nmonths.\n\nSo, here are the ten lesson’s I learned from basic SEAL training that\nhopefully will be of value to you as you move forward in life.\n\nEvery morning in basic SEAL training, my instructors, who at the time were all\nVietnam veterans, would show up in my barracks room and the first thing they\nwould inspect was your bed.\n\nIf you did it right, the corners would be square, the covers pulled tight, the\npillow centered just under the headboard and the extra blanket folded neatly\nat the foot of the rack—rack—that’s Navy talk for bed.\n\nIt was a simple task—mundane at best. But every morning we were required to\nmake our bed to perfection. It seemed a little ridiculous at the time,\nparticularly in light of the fact that were aspiring to be real warriors,\ntough battle hardened SEALs—but the wisdom of this simple act has been proven\nto me many times over.\n\nIf you make your bed every morning you will have accomplished the first task\nof the day. It will give you a small sense of pride and it will encourage you\nto do another task and another and another.\n\nBy the end of the day, that one task completed will have turned into many\ntasks completed. Making your bed will also reinforce the fact that little\nthings in life matter.\n\nIf you can’t do the little things right, you will never do the big things\nright.\n\nAnd, if by chance you have a miserable day, you will come home to a bed that\nis made—that you made—and a made bed gives you encouragement that tomorrow\nwill be better.\n\nIf you want to change the world, start off by making your bed.\n\nDuring SEAL training the students are broken down into boat crews. Each crew\nis seven students—three on each side of a small rubber boat and one coxswain\nto help guide the dingy.\n\nEvery day your boat crew forms up on the beach and is instructed to get\nthrough the surfzone and paddle several miles down the coast.\n\nIn the winter, the surf off San Diego can get to be 8 to 10 feet high and it\nis exceedingly difficult to paddle through the plunging surf unless everyone\ndigs in.\n\nEvery paddle must be synchronized to the stroke count of the coxswain.\nEveryone must exert equal effort or the boat will turn against the wave and be\nunceremoniously tossed back on the beach.\n\nFor the boat to make it to its destination, everyone must paddle.\n\nYou can’t change the world alone—you will need some help— and to truly get\nfrom your starting point to your destination takes friends, colleagues, the\ngood will of strangers and a strong coxswain to guide them.\n\nIf you want to change the world, find someone to help you paddle.\n\nOver a few weeks of difficult training my SEAL class which started with 150\nmen was down to just 35. There were now six boat crews of seven men each.\n\nI was in the boat with the tall guys, but the best boat crew we had was made\nup of the the little guys—the munchkin crew we called them—no one was over\nabout 5-foot five.\n\nThe munchkin boat crew had one American Indian, one African American, one\nPolish American, one Greek American, one Italian American, and two tough kids\nfrom the mid-west.\n\nThey out paddled, out-ran, and out swam all the other boat crews.\n\nThe big men in the other boat crews would always make good natured fun of the\ntiny little flippers the munchkins put on their tiny little feetprior to every\nswim.\n\nBut somehow these little guys, from every corner of the Nation and the world,\nalways had the last laugh— swimming faster than everyone and reaching the\nshore long before the rest of us.\n\nSEAL training was a great equalizer. Nothing mattered but your will to\nsucceed. Not your color, not your ethnic background, not your education and\nnot your social status.\n\nIf you want to change the world, measure a person by the size of their heart,\nnot the size of their flippers.\n\nSeveral times a week, the instructors would line up the class and do a uniform\ninspection. It was exceptionally thorough.\n\nYour hat had to be perfectly starched, your uniform immaculately pressed and\nyour belt buckle shiny and void of any smudges.\n\nBut it seemed that no matter how much effort you put into starching your hat,\nor pressing your uniform or polishing your belt buckle—- it just wasn’t good\nenough.\n\nThe instructors would fine “something” wrong.\n\nFor failing the uniform inspection, the student had to run, fully clothed into\nthe surfzone and then, wet from head to toe, roll around on the beach until\nevery part of your body was covered with sand.\n\nThe effect was known as a “sugar cookie.” You stayed in that uniform the rest\nof the day—cold, wet and sandy.\n\nThere were many a student who just couldn’t accept the fact that all their\neffort was in vain. That no matter how hard they tried to get the uniform\nright—it was unappreciated.\n\nThose students didn’t make it through training.\n\nThose students didn’t understand the purpose of the drill. You were never\ngoing to succeed. You were never going to have a perfect uniform.\n\nSometimes no matter how well you prepare or how well you perform you still end\nup as a sugar cookie.\n\nIt’s just the way life is sometimes.\n\nIf you want to change the world get over being a sugar cookie and keep moving\nforward.\n\nEvery day during training you were challenged with multiple physical\nevents—long runs, long swims, obstacle courses, hours of\ncalisthenics—something designed to test your mettle.\n\nEvery event had standards—times you had to meet. If you failed to meet those\nstandards your name was posted on a list and at the end of the day those on\nthe list were invited to—a “circus.”\n\nA circus was two hours of additional calisthenics—designed to wear you down,\nto break your spirit, to force you to quit.\n\nNo one wanted a circus.\n\nA circus meant that for that day you didn’t measure up. A circus meant more\nfatigue—and more fatigue meant that the following day would be more\ndifficult—and more circuses were likely.\n\nBut at some time during SEAL training, everyone—everyone—made the circus list.\n\nBut an interesting thing happened to those who were constantly on the list.\nOvertime those students-—who did two hours of extra calisthenics—got stronger\nand stronger.\n\nThe pain of the circuses built inner strength-built physical resiliency.\n\nLife is filled with circuses.\n\nYou will fail. You will likely fail often. It will be painful. It will be\ndiscouraging. At times it will test you to your very core.\n\nBut if you want to change the world, don’t be afraid of the circuses.\n\nAt least twice a week, the trainees were required to run the obstacle course.\nThe obstacle course contained 25 obstacles including a 10-foot high wall, a\n30-foot cargo net, and a barbed wire crawl to name a few.\n\nBut the most challenging obstacle was the slide for life. It had a three level\n30 foot tower at one end and a one level tower at the other. In between was a\n200-foot long rope.\n\nYou had to climb the three tiered tower and once at the top, you grabbed the\nrope, swung underneath the rope and pulled yourself hand over hand until you\ngot to the other end.\n\nThe record for the obstacle course had stood for years when my class began\ntraining in 1977.\n\nThe record seemed unbeatable, until one day, a student decided to go down the\nslide for life—head first.\n\nInstead of swinging his body underneath the rope and inching his way down, he\nbravely mounted the TOP of the rope and thrust himself forward.\n\nIt was a dangerous move—seemingly foolish, and fraught with risk. Failure\ncould mean injury and being dropped from the training.\n\nWithout hesitation—the student slid down the rope—perilously fast, instead of\nseveral minutes, it only took him half that time and by the end of the course\nhe had broken the record.\n\nIf you want to change the world sometimes you have to slide down the obstacle\nhead first.\n\nDuring the land warfare phase of training, the students are flown out to San\nClemente Island which lies off the coast of San Diego.\n\nThe waters off San Clemente are a breeding ground for the great white sharks.\nTo pass SEAL training there are a series of long swims that must be completed.\nOne—is the night swim.\n\nBefore the swim the instructors joyfully brief the trainees on all the species\nof sharks that inhabit the waters off San Clemente.\n\nThey assure you, however, that no student has ever been eaten by a shark—at\nleast not recently.\n\nBut, you are also taught that if a shark begins to circle your position—stand\nyour ground. Do not swim away. Do not act afraid.\n\nAnd if the shark, hungry for a midnight snack, darts towards you—then summons\nup all your strength and punch him in the snout and he will turn and swim\naway.\n\nThere are a lot of sharks in the world. If you hope to complete the swim you\nwill have to deal with them.\n\nSo, If you want to change the world, don’t back down from the sharks.\n\nAs Navy SEALs one of our jobs is to conduct underwater attacks against enemy\nshipping. We practiced this technique extensively during basic training.\n\nThe ship attack mission is where a pair of SEAL divers is dropped off outside\nan enemy harbor and then swims well over two miles—underwater—using nothing\nbut a depth gauge and a compass to get to their target.\n\nDuring the entire swim, even well below the surface there is some light that\ncomes through. It is comforting to know that there is open water above you.\n\nBut as you approach the ship, which is tied to a pier, the light begins to\nfade. The steel structure of the ship blocks the moonlight—it blocks the\nsurrounding street lamps—it blocks all ambient light.\n\nTo be successful in your mission, you have to swim under the ship and find the\nkeel—the centerline and the deepest part of the ship.\n\nThis is your objective. But the keel is also the darkest part of the\nship—where you cannot see your hand in front of your face, where the noise\nfrom the ship’s machinery is deafening and where it is easy to get disoriented\nand fail.\n\nEvery SEAL knows that under the keel, at the darkest moment of the mission—is\nthe time when you must be calm, composed—when all your tactical skills, your\nphysical power and all your inner strength must be brought to bear.\n\nIf you want to change the world, you must be your very best in the darkest\nmoment.\n\nThe ninth week of training is referred to as “Hell Week.” It is six days of no\nsleep, constant physical and mental harassment and—one special day at the Mud\nFlats—the Mud Flats are area between San Diego and Tijuana where the water\nruns off and creates the Tijuana slue’s—a swampy patch of terrain where the\nmud will engulf you.\n\nIt is on Wednesday of Hell Week that you paddle down to the mud flats and\nspend the next 15 hours trying to survive the freezing cold mud, the howling\nwind and the incessant pressure to quit from the instructors.\n\nAs the sun began to set that Wednesday evening, my training class, having\ncommitted some “egregious infraction of the rules” was ordered into the mud.\n\nThe mud consumed each man till there was nothing visible but our heads. The\ninstructors told us we could leave the mud if only five men would quit—just\nfive men and we could get out of the oppressive cold.\n\nLooking around the mud flat it was apparent that some students were about to\ngive up. It was still over eight hours till the sun came up—eight more hours\nof bone chilling cold.\n\nThe chattering teeth and shivering moans of the trainees were so loud it was\nhard to hear anything and then, one voice began to echo through the night—one\nvoice raised in song.\n\nThe song was terribly out of tune, but sung with great enthusiasm.\n\nOne voice became two and two became three and before long everyone in the\nclass was singing.\n\nWe knew that if one man could rise above the misery then others could as well.\n\nThe instructors threatened us with more time in the mud if we kept up the\nsinging—but the singing persisted.\n\nAnd somehow—the mud seemed a little warmer, the wind a little tamer and the\ndawn not so far away.\n\nIf I have learned anything in my time traveling the world, it is the power of\nhope. The power of one person—Washington, Lincoln, King, Mandela and even a\nyoung girl from Pakistan—Malala—one person can change the world by giving\npeople hope.\n\nSo, if you want to change the world, start singing when you’re up to your neck\nin mud.\n\nFinally, in SEAL training there is a bell. A brass bell that hangs in the\ncenter of the compound for all the students to see.\n\nAll you have to do to quit—is ring the bell. Ring the bell and you no longer\nhave to wake up at 5 o’clock. Ring the bell and you no longer have to do the\nfreezing cold swims.\n\nRing the bell and you no longer have to do the runs, the obstacle course, the\nPT—and you no longer have to endure the hardships of training.\n\nJust ring the bell.\n\nIf you want to change the world don’t ever, ever ring the bell.\n\nTo the graduating class of 2014, you are moments away from graduating. Moments\naway from beginning your journey through life. Moments away starting to change\nthe world—for the better.\n\nIt will not be easy.\n\nBut, YOU are the class of 2014—the class that can affect the lives of 800\nmillion people in the next century.\n\nStart each day with a task completed.\n\nFind someone to help you through life.\n\nRespect everyone.\n\nKnow that life is not fair and that you will fail often, but if take you take\nsome risks, step up when the times are toughest, face down the bullies, lift\nup the downtrodden and never, ever give up—if you do these things, then next\ngeneration and the generations that follow will live in a world far better\nthan the one we have today and—what started here will indeed have changed the\nworld—for the better.\n\nThank you very much. Hook 'em horns.\n\nSource: University of Texas at Austin\n\nPosted on: 07/28/14\n\nCOMMENCEMENT| BEST SPEAKERS| GRADUATION QUOTES \n---|---|--- \n \nTop 10 Speeches Best Speeches by Year Graduation Advice Speech Writing Help\nArchive: All Speeches\n\n|\n\nBusiness Entertainment Media Arts Sports Science Technology Politics\n\n|\n\nBest Quotes Top 15 Themes Funny Quotes 2014 Graduation Graduation Sketchnotes \n \nHOME | CONTACT\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://blog.oup.com/2015/05/how-to-write-graduation-speech/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210126101517/https://blog.oup.com/2015/05/how-to-write-graduation-speech/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to write a great graduation speech", "passages": [ "It’s graduation time at many of the nation’s schools and colleges. The commencement ceremony is a great exhalation for all involved and an annual rite of passage celebrating academic achievements. Commencement ceremonies typically feature a visiting dignitary who offers a few thousand inspirational words.", "Over the years, I’ve heard more of these speeches than I care to admit and have made my own checklist of suggestions for speakers. For those of you giving commencement speeches or listening to them, here’s my advice:", "The best speakers are knowingly wry and a bit self-deprecating. Here’s Michael Bloomberg, opening his 2014 Harvard Commencement address, with a typical opening:", "I’m excited to be here, not only to address the distinguished graduates and alumni at Harvard University’s 363rd commencement but to stand in the exact spot where Oprah stood last year. OMG.", "Compare that with President Kennedy, speaking at Yale in 1962, who invoked the Cambridge-New Haven rivalry to tease his hosts a bit:", "Let me begin by expressing my appreciation for the very deep honor that you have conferred upon me. As General de Gaulle occasionally acknowledges America to be the daughter of Europe, so I am pleased to come to Yale, the daughter of Harvard. It might be said now that I have the best of both worlds, a Harvard education and a Yale degree.", "Keep the diversity of your audience in mind. You are speaking to students, but the students are not all the same. There are honor students—summa, magna, and cum laude–as well as those who are still sweating out a few grades. You are also speaking to families and to the university faculty. Shakespeare had that same problem—needing to address those in the Lord’s room, the galleries, and the ground pit. He solved it by repeating himself, expressing ideas in both the Latinate phrases and in plain Anglo-Saxon, as when he combined unfamiliar words like incarnadine with familiar ones like red.", "Here is Ellen DeGeneres, giving the commencement speech at Tulane in 2009. Talking about the honorary degree she is receiving, she plays with the languages of her audience:", "I thought that you had to be a famous alumnus – alumini – aluminum – alumis – you had to graduate from this school.", "She speaks to both the people who are not quite sure of the singular of alumni, and to those who are.", "Your speech is likely to come up as a topic of discussion later in the day at lunch or dinner, if only to deflect attention from other topics like job interviews and loan repayment. What will the different audiences take away from your speech? What will students say when Grandma asks, “So what did you think of the speaker?”", "As you develop your theme, try to have a memorable, quotable line for each segment of your audience—the grads, the families, and the faculty. And remember that your audience can’t rewind your speech or mark it with a yellow highlighter, so be sure to illustrate your easily-recognizable theme with smaller, easily-digestable examples.", "Neil de Grasse Tyson did this in his 2012 speech at Western New England University. His theme was the prevalence of fuzzy thinking and the desire for choices rather than fresh thought. He touched on the theme repeatedly, with examples ranging from a lunch date with his sister, to a spelling bee, to a job interview, throwing in an allusion to Plato (for the faculty) and ending up with the point that thinking is painful hard work. Journalist Sharyn Alfonsi also did it in her commencement address to the journalism school at Ole Miss in 2013, as she talked about work and perseverance, and illustrated those values through her own career’s challenges, including job applications, tough days, and bad bosses. Choose examples that everyone can relate to and can talk about over lunch.", "Be careful when using clichés in your speech. Tempting as it may be to tell the graduates that they are about to enter the “Real World” (where you have thrived), you should avoid that. Savvy students will see you as out of touch, since many of them have been working all along and are often managing any number of real life issues.", "You may want to avoid talking about the value of their education as well. They know the value. That’s why they went to college. (It’s the cost they are worried about.)", "And don’t tell them they are going to die. What if someone had just died on campus? Steve Jobs could get away with talking about death at Stanford in 2005 (“And yet death is the destination we all share”), but he had cheated death at the time.", "On a rare occasion, though, you can subvert the clichés. Jon Stewart, speaking at William and Mary in 2004, presents the so-called “Real World” this way:", "Let’s talk about the “Real World” for a moment... I don’t really know to put this, so I’ll be blunt: we broke it... But here’s the good news: you fix this thing, you’re the next greatest generation, people.", "David Foster Wallace took the liberal arts cliché by the horns in his 2005 speech at Kenyon College, telling the audience:", "So let’s talk about the single most pervasive cliché in the commencement speech genre, which is that a liberal arts education is not so much about filling you up with knowledge as it is about “teaching you how to think.”", "And screenwriter Joss Whedon, of Buffy the Vampire Slayer fame, tricked up the death theme at Wesleyan in 2013, opening with a reference to the horror genre and the live-life-to-the-fullest cliché:", "Unless you are a national leader using the speech to announce a major policy, you won’t need more than 20 minutes, tops. Twelve minutes would be even better. The average speaker reads about 120 words a minute, so that’s about 1,400-2,400 words or 9-15 pages (double spaced, 16 point font). Sitting in the sun, the students, families, and faculty will all appreciate brevity.", "I am going to speak for 13 minutes. I think you deserve to know that this will be a finite experience. It is well-known in the world of public speaking that there is no pleasure you can give an audience that compares to the pleasure they get when it is over, so you can look forward to experiencing that pleasure 13 minutes from now.", "One of the most memorable commencement addresses at my institution was given by a retired speech professor, Leon Mulling. It was just one-minute long, consisted entirely of verbs (Go. Do. Create. Laugh. Love. Live.) and received thunderous applause.", "To do well as a commencement speaker, you need gentle humor, Shakespearean universal accessibility, something memorable for each audience, both a theme and relatable examples, an awareness of clichés, and brevity. And if it makes you nervous to think that college graduates, families, faculty, and even YouTube will be scoring your speech, remember—there’ll be another commencement speaker up on the stage next year.", "Edwin L. Battistella teaches linguistics and writing at Southern Oregon University in Ashland, where he has served as a dean and as interim provost. He is the author of Sorry About That: The Language of Public Apology (OUP, 2014), Do You Make These Mistakes in English? (OUP, 2009), Bad Language (OUP, 2005), and The Logic of Markedness (OUP, 1996).", "Our Privacy Policy sets out how Oxford University Press handles your personal information, and your rights to object to your personal information being used for marketing to you or being processed as part of our business activities.", "Very good advice and a fun article to read. My graduation speaker 45 years ago was the president of an African country and he spoke about something relating to Africa. It was memorable. The “it” was the weather that afternoon. It was hot and humid and the gowns were an extra layer on top of regular clothes. Oh, the campus political environment was also memorable. I wore an “equal” sign stenciled on a white cloth armband, urging equal admissions of men and women; the university was concerned that admitting more women would reduce long term importance of the college (useless nonworking women) plus eventual lower alumni donations. Oh, yes, and there was Carling Black Label beer at the reception afterward, chosen because it was donated by an alumnus. My father attended. My girlfriend’s parents were there, watching her graduate, and they had some suspicions about us, but thought we were being really careful. Yeah, that was pretty much it.", "I will be a commencement speaker this spring at a Pennsylvania university and I thought your article was a great start for me as I prepare. Thanks!", "Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to write a great graduation speech | OUPblog\n\nOxford University Press's Academic Insights for the Thinking World\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Toggle Social Menu\n\n * LinkedIn\n * YouTube\n * Sina Weibo\n * Soundcloud\n * Tumblr\n * Pinterest\n\n# How to write a great graduation speech\n\n## Sorry About That: The Language of Public Apology\n\nBuy Now Read More\n\n * By Edwin Battistella\n * May 10^th 2015\n\nIt’s graduation time at many of the nation’s schools and colleges. The\ncommencement ceremony is a great exhalation for all involved and an annual\nrite of passage celebrating academic achievements. Commencement ceremonies\ntypically feature a visiting dignitary who offers a few thousand inspirational\nwords.\n\nOver the years, I’ve heard more of these speeches than I care to admit and\nhave made my own checklist of suggestions for speakers. For those of you\ngiving commencement speeches or listening to them, here’s my advice:\n\n1\\. Be just funny enough\n\nThe best speakers are knowingly wry and a bit self-deprecating. Here’s Michael\nBloomberg, opening his 2014 Harvard Commencement address, with a typical\nopening:\n\nI’m excited to be here, not only to address the distinguished graduates and\nalumni at Harvard University’s 363rd commencement but to stand in the exact\nspot where Oprah stood last year. OMG.\n\nCompare that with President Kennedy, speaking at Yale in 1962, who invoked the\nCambridge-New Haven rivalry to tease his hosts a bit:\n\nLet me begin by expressing my appreciation for the very deep honor that you\nhave conferred upon me. As General de Gaulle occasionally acknowledges America\nto be the daughter of Europe, so I am pleased to come to Yale, the daughter of\nHarvard. It might be said now that I have the best of both worlds, a Harvard\neducation and a Yale degree.\n\nThen again, presidents can get away with that sort of thing, but most speakers\ncan’t.\n\n2\\. Be like Shakespeare\n\n“Graduation 2009” by Tulane Public Relations. CC BY-NC 2.0 via Flickr.\n\nKeep the diversity of your audience in mind. You are speaking to students, but\nthe students are not all the same. There are honor students—summa, magna, and\ncum laude–as well as those who are still sweating out a few grades. You are\nalso speaking to families and to the university faculty. Shakespeare had that\nsame problem—needing to address those in the Lord’s room, the galleries, and\nthe ground pit. He solved it by repeating himself, expressing ideas in both\nthe Latinate phrases and in plain Anglo-Saxon, as when he combined unfamiliar\nwords like incarnadine with familiar ones like red.\n\nHere is Ellen DeGeneres, giving the commencement speech at Tulane in 2009.\nTalking about the honorary degree she is receiving, she plays with the\nlanguages of her audience:\n\nI thought that you had to be a famous alumnus – alumini – aluminum – alumis –\nyou had to graduate from this school.\n\nShe speaks to both the people who are not quite sure of the singular of\nalumni, and to those who are.\n\n3\\. Think about bite-sized ideas\n\nYour speech is likely to come up as a topic of discussion later in the day at\nlunch or dinner, if only to deflect attention from other topics like job\ninterviews and loan repayment. What will the different audiences take away\nfrom your speech? What will students say when Grandma asks, “So what did you\nthink of the speaker?”\n\nAs you develop your theme, try to have a memorable, quotable line for each\nsegment of your audience—the grads, the families, and the faculty. And\nremember that your audience can’t rewind your speech or mark it with a yellow\nhighlighter, so be sure to illustrate your easily-recognizable theme with\nsmaller, easily-digestable examples.\n\nNeil de Grasse Tyson did this in his 2012 speech at Western New England\nUniversity. His theme was the prevalence of fuzzy thinking and the desire for\nchoices rather than fresh thought. He touched on the theme repeatedly, with\nexamples ranging from a lunch date with his sister, to a spelling bee, to a\njob interview, throwing in an allusion to Plato (for the faculty) and ending\nup with the point that thinking is painful hard work. Journalist Sharyn\nAlfonsi also did it in her commencement address to the journalism school at\nOle Miss in 2013, as she talked about work and perseverance, and illustrated\nthose values through her own career’s challenges, including job applications,\ntough days, and bad bosses. Choose examples that everyone can relate to and\ncan talk about over lunch.\n\n4\\. Avoid the “Real World” and other clichés\n\nBe careful when using clichés in your speech. Tempting as it may be to tell\nthe graduates that they are about to enter the “Real World” (where you have\nthrived), you should avoid that. Savvy students will see you as out of touch,\nsince many of them have been working all along and are often managing any\nnumber of real life issues.\n\nYou may want to avoid talking about the value of their education as well. They\nknow the value. That’s why they went to college. (It’s the cost they are\nworried about.)\n\nAnd don’t tell them they are going to die. What if someone had just died on\ncampus? Steve Jobs could get away with talking about death at Stanford in 2005\n(“And yet death is the destination we all share”), but he had cheated death at\nthe time.\n\nOn a rare occasion, though, you can subvert the clichés. Jon Stewart, speaking\nat William and Mary in 2004, presents the so-called “Real World” this way:\n\nLet’s talk about the “Real World” for a moment... I don’t really know to put\nthis, so I’ll be blunt: we broke it... But here’s the good news: you fix this\nthing, you’re the next greatest generation, people.\n\n“David Foster Wallace” by Steve Rhodes. CC BY 2.0 via Flickr.\n\nDavid Foster Wallace took the liberal arts cliché by the horns in his 2005\nspeech at Kenyon College, telling the audience:\n\nSo let’s talk about the single most pervasive cliché in the commencement\nspeech genre, which is that a liberal arts education is not so much about\nfilling you up with knowledge as it is about “teaching you how to think.”\n\nWallace then used that to suggest a new perspective—that education is about\nchoosing what to think about.\n\nAnd screenwriter Joss Whedon, of Buffy the Vampire Slayer fame, tricked up the\ndeath theme at Wesleyan in 2013, opening with a reference to the horror genre\nand the live-life-to-the-fullest cliché:\n\nWhat I’d like to say to all of you is that you are all going to die.\n\n5\\. Keep it short\n\nUnless you are a national leader using the speech to announce a major policy,\nyou won’t need more than 20 minutes, tops. Twelve minutes would be even\nbetter. The average speaker reads about 120 words a minute, so that’s about\n1,400-2,400 words or 9-15 pages (double spaced, 16 point font). Sitting in the\nsun, the students, families, and faculty will all appreciate brevity.\n\nHere is Poet Laureate Billy Collins speaking at Colorado College in 2008:\n\nI am going to speak for 13 minutes. I think you deserve to know that this will\nbe a finite experience. It is well-known in the world of public speaking that\nthere is no pleasure you can give an audience that compares to the pleasure\nthey get when it is over, so you can look forward to experiencing that\npleasure 13 minutes from now.\n\nOne of the most memorable commencement addresses at my institution was given\nby a retired speech professor, Leon Mulling. It was just one-minute long,\nconsisted entirely of verbs (Go. Do. Create. Laugh. Love. Live.) and received\nthunderous applause.\n\n6\\. Above all: relax and enjoy yourself\n\nTo do well as a commencement speaker, you need gentle humor, Shakespearean\nuniversal accessibility, something memorable for each audience, both a theme\nand relatable examples, an awareness of clichés, and brevity. And if it makes\nyou nervous to think that college graduates, families, faculty, and even\nYouTube will be scoring your speech, remember—there’ll be another commencement\nspeaker up on the stage next year.\n\nImage Credit: “Graduation Day” by Md saad andalib. CC BY 2.0 via Flickr.\n\nEdwin L. Battistella teaches linguistics and writing at Southern Oregon\nUniversity in Ashland, where he has served as a dean and as interim provost.\nHe is the author of Sorry About That: The Language of Public Apology (OUP,\n2014), Do You Make These Mistakes in English? (OUP, 2009), Bad Language (OUP,\n2005), and The Logic of Markedness (OUP, 1996).\n\n * Posted In:\n * Between the Lines with Edwin Battistella\n * Books\n * Education\n * Linguistics\n * OxfordWords blog\n\nOur Privacy Policy sets out how Oxford University Press handles your personal\ninformation, and your rights to object to your personal information being used\nfor marketing to you or being processed as part of our business activities.\n\nWe will only use your personal information to register you for OUPblog\narticles.\n\nOr subscribe to articles in the subject area by email or RSS\n\n## Recent Comments\n\n 1. Peter Sage10^th May 2015\n\nVery good advice and a fun article to read. My graduation speaker 45 years ago\nwas the president of an African country and he spoke about something relating\nto Africa. It was memorable. The “it” was the weather that afternoon. It was\nhot and humid and the gowns were an extra layer on top of regular clothes. Oh,\nthe campus political environment was also memorable. I wore an “equal” sign\nstenciled on a white cloth armband, urging equal admissions of men and women;\nthe university was concerned that admitting more women would reduce long term\nimportance of the college (useless nonworking women) plus eventual lower\nalumni donations. Oh, yes, and there was Carling Black Label beer at the\nreception afterward, chosen because it was donated by an alumnus. My father\nattended. My girlfriend’s parents were there, watching her graduate, and they\nhad some suspicions about us, but thought we were being really careful. Yeah,\nthat was pretty much it.\n\n 2. Makste7^th December 2016\n\nI loved it thanks\n\n 3. Mawanda Tanyaradzwa14^th February 2020\n\nReally good\n\n 4. Fred14^th March 2020\n\nI will be a commencement speaker this spring at a Pennsylvania university and\nI thought your article was a great start for me as I prepare. Thanks!\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\n * About Us\n * Follow Us\n * Contact Us\n * Terms and Conditions of Use\n * Reuse of Blog Content\n * Cookie Policy\n * Privacy Policy\n\n## Categories\n\n * Arts & Humanities\n * History\n * Language\n * Law\n * Science & Medicine\n * Social Sciences\n * Multimedia\n * Series & Columns\n\n## Social Media\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google Plus\n * Tumblr\n * Pinterest\n * YouTube\n * Vimeo\n * Soundcloud\n * Sina Weibo\n * OxfordWords blog\n\n## Gateways\n\n * Oxford Academic\n * Oxford Journals\n * Oxford Online\n * Higher Education\n * Oxford Index\n * Oxford Dictionaries\n * OUP Worldwide\n * University of Oxford\n\nOxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It\nfurthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship,\nand education by publishing worldwide.\n\nCopyright © Oxford University Press 2021\n\n" } ]
651,588
How To Lubricate Door Hinges
To lubricate a door hinge, start by using your fingers or a pair of long pliers to turn the hinge pin counterclockwise and remove it. Then, wipe any dirt and grease off the pin and hinge plates with a paper towel or an old rag. Next, apply a thin coat of lubricant to the hinge pin and the hinge, itself, and put the pin back in the hinge. When the hinge is reassembled, open and close the door several times to allow the lubricant to work around the hinge. As you do this, listen for any squeaking, and repeat the process if necessary.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417203631/https://www.home-repair-central.com/how-to-lubricate-door-hinges.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417195216/https://www.home-repair-central.com/fixing-a-rusty-hinge.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518141849/https://puregreenlawn.net/stop-squeaky-door-hinges/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211127175403/https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/how-to/a6064/wd-40-vs-the-world-of-lubricants/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200605232702/https://www.familyhandyman.com/doors/repair/how-to-silence-a-squeaking-hinge/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.home-repair-central.com/how-to-lubricate-door-hinges.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417203631/https://www.home-repair-central.com/how-to-lubricate-door-hinges.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Lubricate Door Hinges", "passages": [ "Last Updated: 25 February 2020\nBefore you start lubricating door hinges, you want to have an old rag handy. Be careful with how much spray or grease you apply. You don't need a lot. More is not better in this situation. Wipe up any excess with the rag quickly before it runs and gets on something.", "It is best to remove the pin to lubricate a door hinge. You can use a small screwdriver and a hammer to tap the pin out, usually from the bottom of the hinge. Keep the door closed and do one hinge at a time. This way the door will stay supported.", "Spray a little silicone spray on the joints in the two hinge leaves where they rub together. Spray a coating onto the pin and tap it back into the hinge. Add a little more spray when you are about half way. Finish tapping the pin into place. Your squeaky door hinge should soon be history.", "Repeat this process for the other hinges on the door. The procedure with grease is similar. Coat the pin with a thin layer of grease. Put a small dab of grease on the end and tap the pin back into place.", "After you have taken care of all the hinges, open the door. Move it back and forth several times to work the lubricant in. Hopefully, the squeak is gone. Repeat the process if the squeak persists. You want to be sparing with the lubricant, but not too sparing.", "The simplest fix for this problem is oiling door hinges. This is a fairly simple task. The only material you need is five dollar (or less) can of silicone spray. There are a few things to concern yourself with. The first is the potential mess. The other is the lubricant that you decide on.", "Graphite is often recommended for door hardware. It is dry and will not get your keys all oily. In moderation, graphite is a great product and will free up sticky locks. For hinges there are some concerns. The black dry powder can get on surfaces like painted walls and carpet and stain them. This could be a real problem. The hinge works, but the carpet is ruined.", "For oiling door hinges, silicone spray or white lithium grease is probably the best choice. Silicone is the easiest, but does not last as long as the grease. When use properly, the mess is minimal. If you decide to use graphite, be careful.", "Remove the hinge pins from the hinge one at a time. Apply the lubricant and put the pin back in. When the hinges are lubricated, you should work the door back and forth to work the lubricant in. Repeat if the squeaks or stiffness is persistent. For more information see the articles, 'Squeaky Door Hinges' and 'Fixing Rusty Hinges', for more information on hinge lubrication issues.", "Lubricating a rusty hinge is a good choice when the hinge is still working. Oil will loosen it and quiet it down with a little effort.", "When a rusty hinge has deep rust, you may want to start by soaking the hinge with penetrating oil. Use a good quality penetrating oil. Apply the oil liberally, without getting it everywhere. Keep a rag handy to wipe up any excess. Allow the oil to soak in before you try working the hinge. You may want to repeat this step a few times with a badly damaged hinge.", "After the penetrating oil has freed up the hinge, you can lubricate it. Use a silicone spray or white lithium grease for this task. Keep in mind that an old badly rusted hinge may need repeated treatments.", "Lubricating a rusty hinge is easier when you remove the pin. Not all pins are removable, especially on older doors. When this happens, use spray silicone or spray penetrating oil and try to get it in every crevice of the hinge. Work the door back and forth to work the lubricant down into the hinge.", "The age and appearance of the rusty hinge may make you decide to replace it. The easiest replacement job is when you have new hinges that are the same size as the old ones. You can replace one hinge at time without taking the door off. Unfortunately, finding replacements for older hinges is difficult. You may need to go online or go to a specialty hardware store. Cost will go up for hinges that are restoration quality.", "One other option would be to fit the door for a newer style hinge. This will require some carpentry skills and may be beyond the ability of the average homeowner. You need to take the door off and change the mortises in the door and frame.", "Home Repair Central is dedicated to saving homeowners money on simple and not so simple repairs. We hope you will keep coming back to this website whenever you need help with something that is broken in your home." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Lubricate Door Hinges | Hardware | Doors | Repair Topics\n\n### Search\n\n * Home\n * Repair Topics\n\n * Appliances\n * Doors\n * Drywall\n * Electrical\n * HVAC\n * Plumbing\n\n * Gas Water Heaters\n * Electric Water Heaters\n * Toilets\n * Plumbing Pipes\n * Support\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Using Home Repair Central\n * Site Map\n * Safety\n\n * Electrical Safety\n * Gas Safety Tips\n\n * Home\n * Repair Topics\n\n * Appliances\n * Doors\n * Drywall\n * Electrical\n * HVAC\n * Plumbing\n\n * Gas Water Heaters\n * Electric Water Heaters\n * Toilets\n * Plumbing Pipes\n * Support\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Using Home Repair Central\n * Site Map\n * Safety\n\n * Electrical Safety\n * Gas Safety Tips\n\n * Home\n * Door Hinges\n * Lubricating Hinges\n\n## How To Lubricate Door Hinges\n\nDetails\n\n Last Updated: 25 February 2020\n\nBefore you start lubricating door hinges, you want to have an old rag handy.\nBe careful with how much spray or grease you apply. You don't need a lot. More\nis not better in this situation. Wipe up any excess with the rag quickly\nbefore it runs and gets on something.\n\nFor related topics, see the articles 'Door Hinge Repairs', 'Replacing Door\nHinges', 'Adjusting Door Hinges' and 'How To Fix a Door'.\n\nIt is best to remove the pin to lubricate a door hinge. You can use a small\nscrewdriver and a hammer to tap the pin out, usually from the bottom of the\nhinge. Keep the door closed and do one hinge at a time. This way the door will\nstay supported.\n\nSpray a little silicone spray on the joints in the two hinge leaves where they\nrub together. Spray a coating onto the pin and tap it back into the hinge. Add\na little more spray when you are about half way. Finish tapping the pin into\nplace. Your squeaky door hinge should soon be history.\n\nRepeat this process for the other hinges on the door. The procedure with\ngrease is similar. Coat the pin with a thin layer of grease. Put a small dab\nof grease on the end and tap the pin back into place.\n\nAfter you have taken care of all the hinges, open the door. Move it back and\nforth several times to work the lubricant in. Hopefully, the squeak is gone.\nRepeat the process if the squeak persists. You want to be sparing with the\nlubricant, but not too sparing.\n\n## Oiling Door Hinges\n\nThe simplest fix for this problem is oiling door hinges. This is a fairly\nsimple task. The only material you need is five dollar (or less) can of\nsilicone spray. There are a few things to concern yourself with. The first is\nthe potential mess. The other is the lubricant that you decide on.\n\nGraphite is often recommended for door hardware. It is dry and will not get\nyour keys all oily. In moderation, graphite is a great product and will free\nup sticky locks. For hinges there are some concerns. The black dry powder can\nget on surfaces like painted walls and carpet and stain them. This could be a\nreal problem. The hinge works, but the carpet is ruined.\n\nFor oiling door hinges, silicone spray or white lithium grease is probably the\nbest choice. Silicone is the easiest, but does not last as long as the grease.\nWhen use properly, the mess is minimal. If you decide to use graphite, be\ncareful.\n\nRemove the hinge pins from the hinge one at a time. Apply the lubricant and\nput the pin back in. When the hinges are lubricated, you should work the door\nback and forth to work the lubricant in. Repeat if the squeaks or stiffness is\npersistent. For more information see the articles, 'Squeaky Door Hinges' and\n'Fixing Rusty Hinges', for more information on hinge lubrication issues.\n\nWARNING!! Only Remove One Hinge at a Time. The Door Will Fall!!! WARNING!!!\n\n## Lubricating a Rusty Hinge\n\nLubricating a rusty hinge is a good choice when the hinge is still working.\nOil will loosen it and quiet it down with a little effort.\n\nWhen a rusty hinge has deep rust, you may want to start by soaking the hinge\nwith penetrating oil. Use a good quality penetrating oil. Apply the oil\nliberally, without getting it everywhere. Keep a rag handy to wipe up any\nexcess. Allow the oil to soak in before you try working the hinge. You may\nwant to repeat this step a few times with a badly damaged hinge.\n\nAfter the penetrating oil has freed up the hinge, you can lubricate it. Use a\nsilicone spray or white lithium grease for this task. Keep in mind that an old\nbadly rusted hinge may need repeated treatments.\n\nLubricating a rusty hinge is easier when you remove the pin. Not all pins are\nremovable, especially on older doors. When this happens, use spray silicone or\nspray penetrating oil and try to get it in every crevice of the hinge. Work\nthe door back and forth to work the lubricant down into the hinge.\n\nThe age and appearance of the rusty hinge may make you decide to replace it.\nThe easiest replacement job is when you have new hinges that are the same size\nas the old ones. You can replace one hinge at time without taking the door\noff. Unfortunately, finding replacements for older hinges is difficult. You\nmay need to go online or go to a specialty hardware store. Cost will go up for\nhinges that are restoration quality.\n\nOne other option would be to fit the door for a newer style hinge. This will\nrequire some carpentry skills and may be beyond the ability of the average\nhomeowner. You need to take the door off and change the mortises in the door\nand frame.\n\n## Summary\n\nFor related topics, see the articles 'Door Hinge Repairs', 'Replacing Door\nHinges', 'Adjusting Door Hinges' and 'How To Fix a Door'.\n\n### Fixing Doors\n\n * Fixing Doors\n * Swinging Doors\n * Exterior Doors\n * Closet Doors\n * Pocket Doors\n * Garage Doors\n * Door Hinges\n\n * Lubricating Hinges\n\n * Door Hinge Lubricant\n * Rusty Hinges\n * Squeaky Hinges\n * Adjusting Hinges\n * Replacing Hinges\n * Door Hinge Sizes\n\nHome | Electric Water Heaters | Gas Water Heaters | Toilets | Drywall Patching\n| Basic House Wiring | Fixing Doors | Fixing Pocket Doors | Support\n\nHome Repair Central is dedicated to saving homeowners money on simple and not\nso simple repairs. We hope you will keep coming back to this website whenever\nyou need help with something that is broken in your home.\n\nCopyright 2010 - 2019 Home-Repair-Central.com\n\nAll rights reserved.\n\nGo to top\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.home-repair-central.com/fixing-a-rusty-hinge.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417195216/https://www.home-repair-central.com/fixing-a-rusty-hinge.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fixing a Rusty Hinge", "passages": [ "Last Updated: 28 February 2020\nWhat can you do with a rusty hinge? This is a real problem for door hinges. Your door may not open or open with difficulty. The door will be noisy when it operates.", "Rust is usually found on hinges that are old and perhaps of poor quality material. What are the options? Is it something you can take care of? Salvaging the hinge is possible, replacing it is another option. Both of options are within reach, for a homeowner.", "Not sure if this is your problem? See the article 'How To Fix a Door' for a complete listing of all the door topics.", "Hinges in days gone by were made of iron and low grade steel. Rust was a common problem. Oil or grease would be the common solution for battling the rust. The hinges would still disintegrate over time and eventually quit working. Since then better methods and better materials have changed hinges. Quality door hinges are made of brass or metal alloys that don't rust. Poor quality hinges may only have a protective coating on them the breaks down over time, then rust can appear.", "This leaves you with two basic options. You can try to lubricate a rusty hinge and get it working again. This does not help much with the appearance. The other option would be to replace the hinge with a new one. This will help the door to work smoothly and the door will look nicer.", "There is a range of cost here for a normal door. Lubricating and freeing up the hinges or replacing them with a set that is the same size could run from $50 to $100. Taking an older door down and modifying it for a new set of hinges could run from $100 to $200.", "Fixing rusty hinges could involve some work if the door is old and the hinge style is no longer available. Lubricating hinges to get the working is not hard.", "Lubrication is the quick solution for a rusted hinge. You may need to start with penetrating oil and then move up to silicone spray or white lithium grease.", "Old hinges may be of a style and size that is no longer available or only available from specialty hardware sources. Fitting newer hinges onto an old door can involve some work. Lubricating a stiff rusty hinge can involve a lot of oil. Oil makes a mess, so make sure you have rags handy to clean up the excess.", "Troubleshooting rusty door hinges is the first step you should take in deciding what to do with a tight squeaking door. First determine if the hinge is still serviceable.", "When you have a rusted hinge, you first need to determine how badly the metal is damaged. Surface rust will make the hinge look bad, but it should still work. Deep rust may have deteriorated the metal to the point where it is ready to break. It may be broken already. You don't want the hinge to break and the door fall off and hurt someone.", "Visually inspect the hinge and try to determine the level of rust. Does the door work, can you open it? Do the hinges appear to be functional? Do large flakes of rust fall off when you move the door? These are some question you might consider when checking the hinges.", "For surface rust you are safe to lubricate the hinge and start using the door. Lubrication will not fix the appearance issues. Some soap and a scrub brush or steel wool could help with the appearance. See the article 'Lubricating Rusty Hinges' for more information. Replacing the hinges is still a consideration if they look too bad.", "Cleaning up door hinges is the last step in fixing your squeaky hinges. The oil can continue to ooze out for a while, so cleaning up is a must.", "Keeping a rag handy while you are oiling the door hinges will save the amount of cleaning up the door hinges you have to do. Careful use of the oil or grease is also important. Putting too much on the pin will cause it to ooze out and run down the door.", "After you have move the door back and forth several times, you can check for any excess lubricant. Use the rag to wipe any residue off. It is a good idea to do a couple of checks over the next few days. Wipe off any excess lubricant the works out of the cracks in the hinge. Once the mess is cleaned up, you are done with this squeaky door hinge project.", "How did it go with your rusty hinge? Were you able lubricate them and clean them up. That is good news. Were they too far gone or did they look too bad for this procedure? Did you decide to replace them? Hopefully, you found hinges to match and the replacement was not difficult.", "Worst case you had to fit new hinges to an old door. This can be done, although it involves using a chisel and some lay out. Now that your rusty hinge issues are behind you, what are you going to do? You probably have other home repair projects on your list. Keep at it, there is an afternoon off somewhere on the horizon.", "Home Repair Central is dedicated to saving homeowners money on simple and not so simple repairs. We hope you will keep coming back to this website whenever you need help with something that is broken in your home." ] }, "parsed_md": "Fixing a Rusty Hinge | Hardware | Doors | Repair Topics\n\n### Search\n\n * Home\n * Repair Topics\n\n * Appliances\n * Doors\n * Drywall\n * Electrical\n * HVAC\n * Plumbing\n\n * Gas Water Heaters\n * Electric Water Heaters\n * Toilets\n * Plumbing Pipes\n * Support\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Using Home Repair Central\n * Site Map\n * Safety\n\n * Electrical Safety\n * Gas Safety Tips\n\n * Home\n * Repair Topics\n\n * Appliances\n * Doors\n * Drywall\n * Electrical\n * HVAC\n * Plumbing\n\n * Gas Water Heaters\n * Electric Water Heaters\n * Toilets\n * Plumbing Pipes\n * Support\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Using Home Repair Central\n * Site Map\n * Safety\n\n * Electrical Safety\n * Gas Safety Tips\n\n * Home\n * Door Hinges\n * Rusty Hinges\n\n## Fixing a Rusty Hinge\n\nDetails\n\n Last Updated: 28 February 2020\n\nWhat can you do with a rusty hinge? This is a real problem for door hinges.\nYour door may not open or open with difficulty. The door will be noisy when it\noperates.\n\nRust is usually found on hinges that are old and perhaps of poor quality\nmaterial. What are the options? Is it something you can take care of?\nSalvaging the hinge is possible, replacing it is another option. Both of\noptions are within reach, for a homeowner.\n\nNot sure if this is your problem? See the article 'How To Fix a Door' for a\ncomplete listing of all the door topics.\n\nHinges in days gone by were made of iron and low grade steel. Rust was a\ncommon problem. Oil or grease would be the common solution for battling the\nrust. The hinges would still disintegrate over time and eventually quit\nworking. Since then better methods and better materials have changed hinges.\nQuality door hinges are made of brass or metal alloys that don't rust. Poor\nquality hinges may only have a protective coating on them the breaks down over\ntime, then rust can appear.\n\nThis leaves you with two basic options. You can try to lubricate a rusty hinge\nand get it working again. This does not help much with the appearance. The\nother option would be to replace the hinge with a new one. This will help the\ndoor to work smoothly and the door will look nicer.\n\n## Fixing a Rusty Hinge - Information\n\n### What Can You Save?\n\nThere is a range of cost here for a normal door. Lubricating and freeing up\nthe hinges or replacing them with a set that is the same size could run from\n$50 to $100. Taking an older door down and modifying it for a new set of\nhinges could run from $100 to $200.\n\n### How Hard Could It Be?\n\nFixing rusty hinges could involve some work if the door is old and the hinge\nstyle is no longer available. Lubricating hinges to get the working is not\nhard.\n\nThese repairs will have a Difficulty Level of: A Bit of Work\n\nThese repairs require a Skill Level of: Handyman\n\n### Check the Simple Things!\n\nLubrication is the quick solution for a rusted hinge. You may need to start\nwith penetrating oil and then move up to silicone spray or white lithium\ngrease.\n\n### What Can Go Wrong?\n\nOld hinges may be of a style and size that is no longer available or only\navailable from specialty hardware sources. Fitting newer hinges onto an old\ndoor can involve some work. Lubricating a stiff rusty hinge can involve a lot\nof oil. Oil makes a mess, so make sure you have rags handy to clean up the\nexcess.\n\n## Troubleshooting a Rusty Hinge\n\nTroubleshooting rusty door hinges is the first step you should take in\ndeciding what to do with a tight squeaking door. First determine if the hinge\nis still serviceable.\n\nWhen you have a rusted hinge, you first need to determine how badly the metal\nis damaged. Surface rust will make the hinge look bad, but it should still\nwork. Deep rust may have deteriorated the metal to the point where it is ready\nto break. It may be broken already. You don't want the hinge to break and the\ndoor fall off and hurt someone.\n\nVisually inspect the hinge and try to determine the level of rust. Does the\ndoor work, can you open it? Do the hinges appear to be functional? Do large\nflakes of rust fall off when you move the door? These are some question you\nmight consider when checking the hinges.\n\nFor surface rust you are safe to lubricate the hinge and start using the door.\nLubrication will not fix the appearance issues. Some soap and a scrub brush or\nsteel wool could help with the appearance. See the article 'Lubricating Rusty\nHinges' for more information. Replacing the hinges is still a consideration if\nthey look too bad.\n\nWARNING!! Get Help When You Remove a Door, They Are HEAVY!!! WARNING!!!\n\n## Lubricating Rusty Hinges\n\nSee 'How To Lubricate a Door Hinge'\n\n## Cleaning Up Door Hinges\n\nCleaning up door hinges is the last step in fixing your squeaky hinges. The\noil can continue to ooze out for a while, so cleaning up is a must.\n\nKeeping a rag handy while you are oiling the door hinges will save the amount\nof cleaning up the door hinges you have to do. Careful use of the oil or\ngrease is also important. Putting too much on the pin will cause it to ooze\nout and run down the door.\n\nAfter you have move the door back and forth several times, you can check for\nany excess lubricant. Use the rag to wipe any residue off. It is a good idea\nto do a couple of checks over the next few days. Wipe off any excess lubricant\nthe works out of the cracks in the hinge. Once the mess is cleaned up, you are\ndone with this squeaky door hinge project.\n\n## Summary\n\nHow did it go with your rusty hinge? Were you able lubricate them and clean\nthem up. That is good news. Were they too far gone or did they look too bad\nfor this procedure? Did you decide to replace them? Hopefully, you found\nhinges to match and the replacement was not difficult.\n\nWorst case you had to fit new hinges to an old door. This can be done,\nalthough it involves using a chisel and some lay out. Now that your rusty\nhinge issues are behind you, what are you going to do? You probably have other\nhome repair projects on your list. Keep at it, there is an afternoon off\nsomewhere on the horizon.\n\n### Fixing Doors\n\n * Fixing Doors\n * Swinging Doors\n * Exterior Doors\n * Closet Doors\n * Pocket Doors\n * Garage Doors\n * Door Hinges\n\n * Lubricating Hinges\n * Rusty Hinges\n * Squeaky Hinges\n * Adjusting Hinges\n * Replacing Hinges\n * Door Hinge Sizes\n\nHome | Electric Water Heaters | Gas Water Heaters | Toilets | Drywall Patching\n| Basic House Wiring | Fixing Doors | Fixing Pocket Doors | Support\n\nHome Repair Central is dedicated to saving homeowners money on simple and not\nso simple repairs. We hope you will keep coming back to this website whenever\nyou need help with something that is broken in your home.\n\nCopyright 2010 - 2019 Home-Repair-Central.com\n\nAll rights reserved.\n\nGo to top\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://puregreenlawn.net/stop-squeaky-door-hinges/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518141849/https://puregreenlawn.net/stop-squeaky-door-hinges/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Stop Squeaky Door Hinges – Pure Green Lawn Care Lansing Michigan", "passages": [ "1. Use an aerosol lubricating oil. Lubricating oil is perfect for fixing squeakiness. Suitable oil may include WD-40, 4-in-1, or other brands. Ask your hardware retailer if you’re not sure what’s best for your needs. (See “Tips” below on alternatives in a pinch.)", "The oil used should be capable of penetrating the hinges. An alternative to aerosol is to get a can or container that has a thin nozzle able to access the hinge area.", "2. Spray the oil right onto the hinge. Open and close the door a few times. It should start to do the trick almost immediately.", "1. If the hinge is still squeaky, remove it completely from the door and slide out the hinge pin. Look for the round hinge pin that sits between the flat plates on the hinge. This hinge pin holds the hinge plates together.", "2. Use long pliers to move the pin clockwise and counterclockwise to remove it. Be careful not to slip, so as to avoid scraping your knuckles.", "3. Give the hinge pin a good rub with wire wool. This will remove any dirt or rust which might be causing the squeak.", "If you roll the pin on a flat surface, you might see if it is bent. If the pin is bent, you can put it on a cement floor and tap it with a hammer to straighten it out.", "You can also scrape paint and grime that collects in the hinge with a nail after you remove the pin.", "If you sand down the pin with sandpaper, you can remove the rust and the pin will fit more loosely and the hinge will have less resistance.", "5. Try soap if the wire wool isn’t to your liking. Take the hinge pin out and rub with a bar of soap. Replace the hinge and open and close the door a couple of times to allow for the soap to spread through the mechanism.", "6. Test your oiling. If the door still squeaks when you open and close it, repeat. Keep trying until the squeak disappears. Once you are happy with the door’s performance, push the hinge pin back into place and ensure that it is secured.", "7. Use a rag or paper towel to clean up. Wipe away grime, oil drips, dust, etc. from the hinge area and leave it nice and clean. Dispose of waste in the garbage.", "8. If the worst comes to the worst and you can’t get rid of the squeak, chuck the hinge out and pop down to your local DIY store to find a good replacement.", "1. Keep opening and closing the door to hear which hinge is making the annoying sound. If its both hinges, take note that you need to fix both.", "If you force the hinge pin out with a hammer but if it is very rusted, this could damage the wood. If you let WD-40 sit in the hinge for 24 hours, many times it will loosen up the pin and will help avoid damage to the pin.", "If you don’t have any suitable oil handy, you can try motor or even cooking oil, although the effects of these won’t last as long.", "To get the hinge pin out, try gently hammering a long nail on the bottom of the pin. This will slide the pin up easily. Watch that the door does not fall once you remove the hinge pin. Have a friend hold the door for you or place something under it to take the weight. Internal doors are lightweight but watch out for solid external doors. They can be very heavy!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Stop Squeaky Door Hinges – Pure Green Lawn Care Lansing Michigan\n\n×\n\n### Address\n\nPure Green Lansing 6270 W. Grand River Ave. Lansing, MI 48906 Phone:\n517.703.1111 Fax: 517.703.1122\n\nPure Green Kalamazoo 5064 E. Michigan Kalamazoo, MI 49048 (269) 342-5055\n\nPure Green Grand Rapids 6270 W. Grand River Ave. Lansing, MI 48906 Phone:\n517.703.1111 Fax: 517.703.1122 Fax: 866.557.PURE (7873)\n\n### SIGN IN YOUR ACCOUNT TO HAVE ACCESS TO DIFFERENT FEATURES\n\n### FORGOT YOUR DETAILS?\n\nQUESTIONS? CALL: (866) 557-7873\n\n * LOGIN\n\n * SUPPORT\n\nBuild the perfect lawn from start to finish with PureGreen Lawn. It's not\nGreen unless it's PureGreen!\n\nT (866) 557-7873 Email: service@PureGreenLawn.com\n\nPure Green Lawn 6270 W. Grand River Ave. | Lansing, MI 48906\n\nOpen in Google Maps\n\n * Home\n * Free Analysis\n * Lawn Care Services\n\n * Programs\n * Blog\n\n * Backyard Tips\n * Household Tips\n * Recipes\n * Seasonal Tips\n * Turf Tips\n * FAQ\n * Reviews\n * Photo Gallery\n * Contact Us\n\n * Referral\n * Links\n\n * MY CART\n\nNo products in cart.\n\nPAYMY BILL\n\nPure Green Lawn Care\n\nTuesday, March 03 2015 / Published in Household Tips\n\n# How to Stop Squeaky Door Hinges\n\nSource: How to Stop Squeaky Door Hinges\n\n### Method 1 of 3: Aerosol lubricating oil\n\n1\\. Use an aerosol lubricating oil. Lubricating oil is perfect for fixing\nsqueakiness. Suitable oil may include WD-40, 4-in-1, or other brands. Ask your\nhardware retailer if you’re not sure what’s best for your needs. (See “Tips”\nbelow on alternatives in a pinch.)\n\nThe oil used should be capable of penetrating the hinges. An alternative to\naerosol is to get a can or container that has a thin nozzle able to access the\nhinge area.\n\n2\\. Spray the oil right onto the hinge. Open and close the door a few times.\nIt should start to do the trick almost immediately.\n\n### Method 2 of 3: Fixing the hinge pin\n\n1\\. If the hinge is still squeaky, remove it completely from the door and\nslide out the hinge pin. Look for the round hinge pin that sits between the\nflat plates on the hinge. This hinge pin holds the hinge plates together.\n\n2\\. Use long pliers to move the pin clockwise and counterclockwise to remove\nit. Be careful not to slip, so as to avoid scraping your knuckles.\n\n3\\. Give the hinge pin a good rub with wire wool. This will remove any dirt or\nrust which might be causing the squeak.\n\nIf you roll the pin on a flat surface, you might see if it is bent. If the pin\nis bent, you can put it on a cement floor and tap it with a hammer to\nstraighten it out.\n\nYou can also scrape paint and grime that collects in the hinge with a nail\nafter you remove the pin.\n\nIf you sand down the pin with sandpaper, you can remove the rust and the pin\nwill fit more loosely and the hinge will have less resistance.\n\n4\\. Replace the scrubbed hinge pin back on the door. Spray with spray\nlubricant or oil.\n\n5\\. Try soap if the wire wool isn’t to your liking. Take the hinge pin out and\nrub with a bar of soap. Replace the hinge and open and close the door a couple\nof times to allow for the soap to spread through the mechanism.\n\n6\\. Test your oiling. If the door still squeaks when you open and close it,\nrepeat. Keep trying until the squeak disappears. Once you are happy with the\ndoor’s performance, push the hinge pin back into place and ensure that it is\nsecured.\n\n7\\. Use a rag or paper towel to clean up. Wipe away grime, oil drips, dust,\netc. from the hinge area and leave it nice and clean. Dispose of waste in the\ngarbage.\n\n8\\. If the worst comes to the worst and you can’t get rid of the squeak, chuck\nthe hinge out and pop down to your local DIY store to find a good replacement.\n\n### Method 3 of 3: Vaseline\n\n1\\. Keep opening and closing the door to hear which hinge is making the\nannoying sound. If its both hinges, take note that you need to fix both.\n\n2\\. Rub Vaseline into the hinge on both sides.\n\n3\\. Open and close the door a few times. Hopefully the squeaking will go away.\n\n## Tips\n\n * If you force the hinge pin out with a hammer but if it is very rusted, this could damage the wood. If you let WD-40 sit in the hinge for 24 hours, many times it will loosen up the pin and will help avoid damage to the pin.\n * Use the straw provided to stop the oil going everywhere as it can stain.\n * If you don’t have any suitable oil handy, you can try motor or even cooking oil, although the effects of these won’t last as long.\n * Replace hinges that are rusted; they are only going to get worse and decay more.\n * To get the hinge pin out, try gently hammering a long nail on the bottom of the pin. This will slide the pin up easily. Watch that the door does not fall once you remove the hinge pin. Have a friend hold the door for you or place something under it to take the weight. Internal doors are lightweight but watch out for solid external doors. They can be very heavy!\n\n## Things You’ll Need\n\n * Lubricant oil or spray\n * Rags\n * Pliers and hammer (if the hinge pin is bent)\n\n### Pure Green Lawn Care Lansing MI – It’s Not Green Unless It’s Pure Green!\n\n * Tweet\n\nTagged under: Door Hinges, Squeaky\n\n### What you can read next\n\n##### Helpful Household Hacks 3/6 #DIY #Household #Tips\n\n##### Helpful Household Hacks 1/6 #DIY #Household #Tips\n\n##### Seal Wood Scratches with a Walnut\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * #### 2019 Lawn Resolution Checklist : Just Remember, “C.A.W.F.”\n\n2019 Lawn Resolution Checklist 2019 Lawn Resolu...\n\n * #### May Photos\n\n...\n\n * #### July Lawn & Garden To Do List\n\nDOWNLOAD PRINTABLE TO DO LIST Rainfall i...\n\n * #### Grow With Us; we may be the change you’re looking for!\n\n...\n\n * #### 10 Fall Clean-up Tips\n\n10 Fall Clean-up Tips Fall is here. Read the ti...\n\n### Latest Tweets\n\nTweets by @PureGreenLawn\n\n### Facebook\n\n### LIKE us on Facebook\n\n### FOLLOW us on Twitter\n\nTweets by PureGreenLawn\n\n * GET SOCIAL\n\nPure Green Lawn and Tree Professionals © 2019 All rights reserved. Site Design\nby RedHart Media.\n\nTOP\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/how-to/a6064/wd-40-vs-the-world-of-lubricants/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211127175403/https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/how-to/a6064/wd-40-vs-the-world-of-lubricants/", "parsed_text": { "title": "WD-40 Oil Alternatives", "passages": [ "Gear-obsessed editors choose every product we review. We may earn commission if you buy from a link. How we test gear.", "Conventional wisdom credits WD-40 with thousands of uses as a penetrating oil and lubricant. But is that really the case? We put the red-capped classic to the test in five common tasks to see how it held up against other lubes—and now think twice about our WD-40 overuse.", "One of the more dispiriting facts of consumer life is that panaceas don't routinely live up to their promises. Sure, sometimes you get penicillin, a product that needs no introduction, but other times you get Dr. Ebeneezer Sibley's Reanimating Solar Tincture, an elixir alleged to restore life in the event of sudden death.", "And then there's WD-40, a putative fix-all that boasts uses ranging from driving moisture from a flooded motor to killing roaches to breaking in baseball gloves to reviving drowned cellphones. Such is its pop-cultural ubiquity that it even co-stars in a well-known handyman apothegm: \"If it moves and it shouldn't, you need duct tape. If it doesn't move and it should, you need WD-40.\"", "To find out, we culled various products recommended for use in five common DIY jobs and pitted them against WD-40.", "Breaking the corrosion on a recalcitrant nut is an ego-rattling job (for step- by-step directions, click here) that requires not a lubricant but a penetrating fluid—a very low-viscosity oil. There are a lot of good products to choose from—Kano Kroil, Liquid Wrench, CRC Freeze-Off, BG In-Force—but Bob Cornwell, ASE manager of Medium and Heavy Vehicle Test Development, and a guy who knows oil like Inuits know snow, recommends PB Blaster over everything else, including WD-40.", "PB Blaster is mostly naphtha and petroleum oil and has a preternatural ability to insinuate its way into minuscule spaces. For best results, apply once with care, wait 10 minutes, then apply and wait again before attempting removal.", "And if you don't mind a little mixology, try concocting a homemade cocktail of automatic transmission fluid combined 1:1 with acetone, which can be as much as four times—repeat, four times—as effective as any other product.", "The \"wd\" in WD-40 stands for \"water dispersal.\" Reducing moisture in an engine cylinder can certainly help reduce friction and free up compression rings rusted and frozen to the cylinder walls. But a better product for reanimating a stubbornly seized engine is Marvel Mystery Oil, a mixture of naphthenic hydrocarbons and mineral oil. Invented by Burt Pierce after World War I to treat ailing carburetors, it got its name from its founder, who would respond to questions about its composition by saying, coyly, \"It's a mystery!\"", "Jacques Gordon, contributing editor at Motor Age, says you just need to remove the spark plugs, squirt some Marvel Mystery Oil directly into the cylinder, leave it overnight, and then try to start it the next morning.", "Gordon notes that it also has other beneficial qualities: His high-mileage 1952 Packard with noisy lifters was in such disrepair that it wasn't worth rebuilding, so he just put a pint of Marvel Mystery Oil in the gas tank and one in the crank case. The car was instantly quieter, smoother and more powerful. He drove it like that for another year.", "Treating a bicycle chain with WD-40 is about as profitable as trying to extinguish a grease fire with a wet haddock. Because its light lubricating properties aren't sufficient to cope with the torque and speed generated by pedaling, WD-40 won't help much. And because water dispersal can degrade heavier existing lubes, it could actually make things worse.", "Instead, consider a mineral-based oil developed especially for bicycles. Phil Wood Tenacious Oil is a popular choice, but we suggest Finish Line Cross Country, which retains its lubricity even in harsh conditions. Be careful to wipe the excess from the chain to reduce the accumulation of grit, dirt and grime.", "There are a few other choices, too. You can try a wax-based lubricant, which resists dirt and dust. But wax is an inherently inferior lubricant, and application can be bothersome. Some long-distance cyclists prefer the durable Dumonde Tech BCL Light, which can last up to 1000 miles before reapplication. And, in a pinch, you can use the venerable 3-in-1 Oil.", "Firing a metal projectile down a metal barrel at more than twice the speed of sound can produce more than a little friction, which in turn causes wear that can significantly reduce the accuracy of a firearm. And when you've been crouched down in a Ghillie suit for hours in hostile territory, waiting to take a shot at a target half a mile away, that just won't do.", "So does Staff Sgt. Timothy L. Kellner, one of the U.S. Army's most decorated snipers, trust the maintenance of his weapons—and, therefore, his life—to WD-40?", "He has used WD-40 with good short-term results in some of his guns—like his M14—when no other product was available. But he would rather use the Army- issued CLP or Strike-Hold, a product so named because its developer was a former member of the 82nd Airborne Division, whose unit motto was \"Strike Hold,\" and because it \"strikes the dirt and rust, but holds the lube.\"", "When it comes to cleaning and lubing his M24 Sniper Weapon System, Kellner opts for Rem-Oil. Composed of aliphatic petroleum distillate, mineral spirits and propane, it's the gold standard for gun maintenance.", "The best product for metal-to-metal lubrication is lithium grease. It copes well with heavy loads—it's almost universally used on garage doors. It resists water and tolerates temperatures up to 400 degrees F, which means it inhibits corrosion and won't bake off a car-door hinge even in equatorial heat.", "It is messy, though, so we recommend white lithium grease, which tends not to trace so dramatically. Permatex White Lithium Grease is a popular choice, but Gunk makes one, as do CRC, 3-in-1, LPS, DuPont and others.", "Despite the final tally, WD-40 is not a complete zero. What it lacks in job- specific excellence it makes up for with across-the-board flexibility. In addition to being serviceable in a wide range of tasks (Bob Cornwell uses it to drive moisture from the electrical connectors between trucks and trailers), it is also good at cleaning (Jacques Gordon confirms that it's aces at removing bumper stickers). But its best ability may be discouraging rust. After all, it was first used in the 1950s to prevent corrosion on the Atlas missile. If it's good enough for an ICBM, it's good enough for those garden shears.", "This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io", "A Part of Hearst Digital Media Popular Mechanics participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "WD-40 Oil Alternatives - The Case Against WD-40\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nIs This Vid a Sneak Peek at a Secret New Fighter?\n\n2\n\nThe Best Black Friday Lowe's Deals\n\n3\n\nOur Tech Expert’s Guide To Entering The Metaverse\n\n4\n\nThe Most Exciting New Tech for This Fall\n\n5\n\nEverything You Need to Know About Nor'Easters\n\nGear-obsessed editors choose every product we review. We may earn commission\nif you buy from a link. How we test gear.\n\n# WD-40 Versus the World of Lubricants\n\nConventional wisdom credits WD-40 with thousands of uses as a penetrating oil\nand lubricant. But is that really the case? We put the red-capped classic to\nthe test in five common tasks to see how it held up against other lubes—and\nnow think twice about our WD-40 overuse.\n\nBy Adam Davies\n\nAug 31, 2010\n\n<a href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/illuminea/\"\ntarget=\"_blank\">illuminea</a>/Flickr\n\n(Photo by illuminea/Flickr)\n\nOne of the more dispiriting facts of consumer life is that panaceas don't\nroutinely live up to their promises. Sure, sometimes you get penicillin, a\nproduct that needs no introduction, but other times you get Dr. Ebeneezer\nSibley's Reanimating Solar Tincture, an elixir alleged to restore life in the\nevent of sudden death.\n\nAnd then there's WD-40, a putative fix-all that boasts uses ranging from\ndriving moisture from a flooded motor to killing roaches to breaking in\nbaseball gloves to reviving drowned cellphones. Such is its pop-cultural\nubiquity that it even co-stars in a well-known handyman apothegm: \"If it moves\nand it shouldn't, you need duct tape. If it doesn't move and it should, you\nneed WD-40.\"\n\nBut is WD-40 really toolbox penicillin? Or is it the snake oil of lubricants?\n\nTo find out, we culled various products recommended for use in five common DIY\njobs and pitted them against WD-40.\n\n### 1\\. Loosening a Rusted Nut or Bolt\n\nBreaking the corrosion on a recalcitrant nut is an ego-rattling job (for step-\nby-step directions, click here) that requires not a lubricant but a\npenetrating fluid—a very low-viscosity oil. There are a lot of good products\nto choose from—Kano Kroil, Liquid Wrench, CRC Freeze-Off, BG In-Force—but Bob\nCornwell, ASE manager of Medium and Heavy Vehicle Test Development, and a guy\nwho knows oil like Inuits know snow, recommends PB Blaster over everything\nelse, including WD-40.\n\nPB Blaster is mostly naphtha and petroleum oil and has a preternatural ability\nto insinuate its way into minuscule spaces. For best results, apply once with\ncare, wait 10 minutes, then apply and wait again before attempting removal.\n\nAnd if you don't mind a little mixology, try concocting a homemade cocktail of\nautomatic transmission fluid combined 1:1 with acetone, which can be as much\nas four times—repeat, four times—as effective as any other product.\n\nTHE WORLD: 1\n\nWD-40: 0\n\n### 2\\. Freeing Up Rusted Compression Rings\n\nThe \"wd\" in WD-40 stands for \"water dispersal.\" Reducing moisture in an engine\ncylinder can certainly help reduce friction and free up compression rings\nrusted and frozen to the cylinder walls. But a better product for reanimating\na stubbornly seized engine is Marvel Mystery Oil, a mixture of naphthenic\nhydrocarbons and mineral oil. Invented by Burt Pierce after World War I to\ntreat ailing carburetors, it got its name from its founder, who would respond\nto questions about its composition by saying, coyly, \"It's a mystery!\"\n\nJacques Gordon, contributing editor at Motor Age, says you just need to remove\nthe spark plugs, squirt some Marvel Mystery Oil directly into the cylinder,\nleave it overnight, and then try to start it the next morning.\n\nGordon notes that it also has other beneficial qualities: His high-mileage\n1952 Packard with noisy lifters was in such disrepair that it wasn't worth\nrebuilding, so he just put a pint of Marvel Mystery Oil in the gas tank and\none in the crank case. The car was instantly quieter, smoother and more\npowerful. He drove it like that for another year.\n\nTHE WORLD: 1\n\nWD-40: 0\n\n>\n\n### [link href='https://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/how-to/a6064/wd-40-vs-\nthe-world-of-lubricants/' link_updater_label='internal']CONTINUED >>>\n\n### 3\\. Lubricating and Protecting a Bicycle Chain\n\nTreating a bicycle chain with WD-40 is about as profitable as trying to\nextinguish a grease fire with a wet haddock. Because its light lubricating\nproperties aren't sufficient to cope with the torque and speed generated by\npedaling, WD-40 won't help much. And because water dispersal can degrade\nheavier existing lubes, it could actually make things worse.\n\nInstead, consider a mineral-based oil developed especially for bicycles. Phil\nWood Tenacious Oil is a popular choice, but we suggest Finish Line Cross\nCountry, which retains its lubricity even in harsh conditions. Be careful to\nwipe the excess from the chain to reduce the accumulation of grit, dirt and\ngrime.\n\nThere are a few other choices, too. You can try a wax-based lubricant, which\nresists dirt and dust. But wax is an inherently inferior lubricant, and\napplication can be bothersome. Some long-distance cyclists prefer the durable\nDumonde Tech BCL Light, which can last up to 1000 miles before reapplication.\nAnd, in a pinch, you can use the venerable 3-in-1 Oil.\n\nTHE WORLD: 1\n\nWD-40: 0\n\n### 4\\. Cleaning and Lubricating a Firearm\n\nFiring a metal projectile down a metal barrel at more than twice the speed of\nsound can produce more than a little friction, which in turn causes wear that\ncan significantly reduce the accuracy of a firearm. And when you've been\ncrouched down in a Ghillie suit for hours in hostile territory, waiting to\ntake a shot at a target half a mile away, that just won't do.\n\nSo does Staff Sgt. Timothy L. Kellner, one of the U.S. Army's most decorated\nsnipers, trust the maintenance of his weapons—and, therefore, his life—to\nWD-40?\n\nWell, yes—sometimes.\n\nHe has used WD-40 with good short-term results in some of his guns—like his\nM14—when no other product was available. But he would rather use the Army-\nissued CLP or Strike-Hold, a product so named because its developer was a\nformer member of the 82nd Airborne Division, whose unit motto was \"Strike\nHold,\" and because it \"strikes the dirt and rust, but holds the lube.\"\n\nWhen it comes to cleaning and lubing his M24 Sniper Weapon System, Kellner\nopts for Rem-Oil. Composed of aliphatic petroleum distillate, mineral spirits\nand propane, it's the gold standard for gun maintenance.\n\nTHE WORLD: 1\n\nWD-40: 0\n\n### 5\\. Silencing Squeaky Door Hinges\n\nThe best product for metal-to-metal lubrication is lithium grease. It copes\nwell with heavy loads—it's almost universally used on garage doors. It resists\nwater and tolerates temperatures up to 400 degrees F, which means it inhibits\ncorrosion and won't bake off a car-door hinge even in equatorial heat.\n\nIt is messy, though, so we recommend white lithium grease, which tends not to\ntrace so dramatically. Permatex White Lithium Grease is a popular choice, but\nGunk makes one, as do CRC, 3-in-1, LPS, DuPont and others.\n\nTHE WORLD: 1\n\nWD-40: 0\n\n### Final Tally\n\nTHE WORLD: 5\n\nWD-40: 0\n\nDespite the final tally, WD-40 is not a complete zero. What it lacks in job-\nspecific excellence it makes up for with across-the-board flexibility. In\naddition to being serviceable in a wide range of tasks (Bob Cornwell uses it\nto drive moisture from the electrical connectors between trucks and trailers),\nit is also good at cleaning (Jacques Gordon confirms that it's aces at\nremoving bumper stickers). But its best ability may be discouraging rust.\nAfter all, it was first used in the 1950s to prevent corrosion on the Atlas\nmissile. If it's good enough for an ICBM, it's good enough for those garden\nshears.\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Cars\n\nKeep It Juiced With These Portable Jump Starters\n\nThe 30 Best Car Toys for Kids in 2021\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\n10 Best Remote Control Trucks\n\nFirst Drive: Jaguar F-Pace SVR\n\nThe 6 Best Traction Boards, So You Never Get Stuck\n\nThis Kid Can Diagnose and Fix Your Car Problems\n\nHigh-Tech Features Your New Car Might Have to Skip\n\nHow to Use Your 4WD System Correctly\n\nVolkswagen’s Mk 8 Golf GTI Is Hilariously Good\n\n12 Best Car Mats\n\n * Cars\n * Know Your Stuff: The 110 Best DIY Tips Ever\n * 5 Pro Painting Tips Every Amateur Should Know: DIY Guy\n * 10 Biggest Oil Spills in History\n * 20 Tips for Shopping a Yard Sale\n * 10 Tips to Avoid Speeding Tickets\n * How To Pick The Right Motor Oil For Your Car\n\n * Newsletter\n * About Us\n * Media Kit\n * Writer Guidelines\n * Press Room\n * Contact Us\n * Community Guidelines\n * Advertise Online\n * Customer Service\n * Subscribe\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Give a Gift\n * Events & Promotions\n * Giveaways\n * Being Green\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Popular Mechanics participates in various\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.familyhandyman.com/doors/repair/how-to-silence-a-squeaking-hinge/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200605232702/https://www.familyhandyman.com/doors/repair/how-to-silence-a-squeaking-hinge/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Silence a Squeaking Hinge", "passages": [ "When a door hinge develops a squeak due to wear or settling, instead of reaching for a messy spray lubricant, try this traditional, non-toxic, non- staining lubricant.", "Loosen each hinge pin by tapping an 8d nail up from underneath. Once the pin is loose, pull it out (lift up on the door handle to relieve pressure if the pin binds). Keep the door closed and work on only one hinge at a time.", "Lightly coat the hinge pin with petroleum jelly and dab a little in the top of the pin slot. Reinsert the pin and wipe off any excess.", "If you’ve got a door hinge that squeals every time you open the door, we’ve got the fix for you! A little petroleum jelly will rid the hinge of that annoying wail. The petroleum jelly works its way into the hinge and adheres well, so it won’t run off and make a mess like oil or other lubricants.", "Photos 1 and 2 show how to punch out a hinge pin and grease it up. After all the hinges have been lubricated, open and close the door a few times to work the petroleum jelly into the hinge joints.", "We are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer) as we strive to provide site experiences for browsers that support new web standards and security practices." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Silence a Squeaking Hinge\n\nShare\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nSave on Pinterest\n\nTweet this\n\nEmail\n\nNext Project\n\nSkip to main content\n\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\n\n#### Newsletter Sign Up\n\nHome Doors Door Repair\n\n# How to Silence a Squeaking Hinge\n\n## Time-tested, non-toxic remedy\n\nNext Project›\n\nFamily Handyman\n\nWhen a door hinge develops a squeak due to wear or settling, instead of\nreaching for a messy spray lubricant, try this traditional, non-toxic, non-\nstaining lubricant.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\nYou might also like: TBD\n\n## Remove the pin\n\n### Photo 1: Tap pin up\n\nLoosen each hinge pin by tapping an 8d nail up from underneath. Once the pin\nis loose, pull it out (lift up on the door handle to relieve pressure if the\npin binds). Keep the door closed and work on only one hinge at a time.\n\n### Photo 2: Lubricate\n\nLightly coat the hinge pin with petroleum jelly and dab a little in the top of\nthe pin slot. Reinsert the pin and wipe off any excess.\n\nIf you’ve got a door hinge that squeals every time you open the door, we’ve\ngot the fix for you! A little petroleum jelly will rid the hinge of that\nannoying wail. The petroleum jelly works its way into the hinge and adheres\nwell, so it won’t run off and make a mess like oil or other lubricants.\n\nPhotos 1 and 2 show how to punch out a hinge pin and grease it up. After all\nthe hinges have been lubricated, open and close the door a few times to work\nthe petroleum jelly into the hinge joints.\n\n## Required Tools for this Project\n\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\nsave time and frustration.\n\n * Hammer\n * Rags\n\n## Required Materials for this Project\n\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\ntime. Here’s a list.\n\n * 8d finish nail\n * Petroleum jelly\n\n## Similar Projects\n\nEverything to Know About Knife Hinges\n\nEverything to Know About Strap Hinges\n\nHow to Stop Door Drafts Around Entry Doors\n\nHow to Stop a Door From Swinging Open\n\nReplace Your Weather Strip: Bottom Door Seal Replacement\n\nEasily Repair Pet Claw Marks\n\nHow to Fix a Door That Won’t Stay Closed\n\nHow to Raise an Adjustable Entry Door Threshold\n\nPocket Door Repair\n\nRepairing a Loose Door Handle\n\nHow to Repair a Sliding Door\n\nHow to Fix Stubborn Bifold Closet Doors\n\nHow to Fix a Broken Door Hinge\n\nFix Stuck or Jammed Dead Bolts\n\nFix Sagging or Sticking Doors\n\nHow to Patch Dents in a Metal Door\n\nHow to Fix a Door Latch\n\nAdjusting a Door Striker Plate\n\nHow to Install Doorstops\n\nSee-Through Door Protector\n\n## Popular How-To Videos\n\n##### Read Next\n\nEverything to Know About Knife Hinges\n\nEverything to Know About Strap Hinges\n\nSee-Through Door Protector\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Info – CA Residents\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2020 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nDo it right, do it yourself!\n\nWe are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer) as we strive to provide\nsite experiences for browsers that support new web standards and security\npractices.\n\nWe recommend our users to update the browser\n\n * Google Chrome\n * Apple Safari\n * Mozilla Firefox\n * Microsoft Edge\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * See All Appliance Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * See All Automotive\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * See All Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * See All Cleaning\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * See All Electrical\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * See All Plumbing\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * See All Woodworking\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * See all Landscaping\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Storage & Organization\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Weber Grill Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Project Plans\n\n" } ]
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How To Revive an Orchid Plant
If your orchid plant has lost all its flowers, it’s probably gone into a dormant stage. To get it blooming again, try cutting it back or repotting it. After the flowers fall off, use some sharp, sterile pruning shears to cut the stalk down to no less than 1 inch above the soil. If possible, make the cut about 1/4 inch above a node, which looks like a small bump on the stem. If you notice the orchid’s roots sticking out of the bottom of its pot, water the plant and then gently tug it to remove the plant and its roots from the soil. Brush off any growing medium clinging to the roots and transplant the orchid to a larger pot. Once the orchid is in its new pot, give it a boost of nutrients by filling the pot with a mixture of 2 parts bark-based orchid growing medium and 1 part peat moss. Fill in the space around the roots, but take care not to cover any of the leaves so you don't smother them.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201129234440/https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/articles/graham-rice/house-or-conservatory-plants/keeping-indoor-orchids-flowering", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210513093915/https://www.orchidcarezone.com/can-i-save-my-dying-orchid/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210227041447/https://www.aos.org/orchids/orchid-pests-diseases/cold-damage.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211102035404/https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?pid=333", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210718051916/https://www.aos.org/orchids/orchid-pests-diseases/heat-stress.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509042906/https://www.aos.org/orchids/additional-resources/light-the-key-to-successful-blooming.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210627194901/https://www.bhg.com/gardening/houseplants/care/how-do-i-repot-my-orchid/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210307014343/https://www.gardenandgreenhouse.net/articles/july-august-2015/focus-on-orchids-how-to-tell-if-you-are-over-watering-or-under-watering-your-orchids/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/articles/graham-rice/house-or-conservatory-plants/keeping-indoor-orchids-flowering", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201129234440/https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/articles/graham-rice/house-or-conservatory-plants/keeping-indoor-orchids-flowering", "parsed_text": { "title": "Keeping your indoor orchids flowering year after year", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Keeping your indoor orchids flowering year after year / RHS Gardening\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.orchidcarezone.com/can-i-save-my-dying-orchid/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210513093915/https://www.orchidcarezone.com/can-i-save-my-dying-orchid/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Can I Save My Dying Orchid?", "passages": [ "When we have a flowering plant in our home, it’s a sheer pleasure to watch it grow and bloom little by little. It’s similar to watching our babies grow right from the day of their birth – learning to smile, crawling slowly, standing up and the learning to walk. Growing an orchid plant at home right from the time it was a tiny plant can give you an immense sense of pride and joy. You try to learn all that is there to learn about caring for it in the best way possible. When the plant starts to flower, your joy knows no bounds.", "If you have watched the growth of your orchids minutely, you can tell even the slightest change in them instantly – just the way a mother is easily able to notice a small, insignificant change in her child – and you don’t need a horticulturist to tell you that your plant is not comfortable.", "You might notice the flowers looking fragile and falling off, leaves turning yellow and unhealthy, and all these signs will make you wonder, “Are my orchids dying? Can I bring them back to life? Have I lost them forever?” etc. Such doubts are not uncommon, but there is no need to panic. Even if you feel that your orchids have reached a point of no return, there are ways to revive them, unless of course, situation is well and truly beyond repair.", "Certain aspects like over watering, under watering, excessive light or heat, the leaves staying wet overnight, adding too much fertilizer due to over- enthusiasm, and insects attacking can prove disastrous for the healthy growth of orchid plants. Most often, it is not very easy to make out if your orchid plant has any life left in it or whether it would even be worth trying to revive the plant, but then there is no harm in trying.", "Normally, it is not impossible to revive an orchid plant, if the middle part of the plant is not decomposed and if there are some leaves and roots still intact. There is one tried and tested trick which has proved effective more often than not and here is the trick:", "One best method to rejuvenate an almost dead orchid is to repot the plant into a snug and tight pot that can hold the roots together and supply good humidity while using a humidity tray. Remember to water your plant in the same way as you were doing earlier (unless overwatering got you in this situation to being with, of course!).", "If the roots look damaged, remove the damaged part and wind some long, thin wires around the base of the plant and bend them slightly. Now, support the plant in the pot with wires well inside the soil, acting as the roots. These false roots can bring the orchid plant back to health.", "However, if the part between the roots and the leaves has turned soft, decomposed or seems dead, then it is better to give up trying to revive your orchid plant. In any other situation, you can try to breathe life back into the orchid plant by supplying adequate water, humidity, timely nourishment, and indirect sunlight.", "Have you ever thought one of your orchids was a goner, only to have success reviving it? Tell us how you did it by leaving a comment below.", "Yes. I can save my orchids nearly dying by cutting the stem. I put it in a clean bottle with clean water. Everyday I change d water n sometimes I put some rice water then on d other day I change again. I will notice that the stem is still there n have an offshoot baby coming in d stem n then slowly grow up. After that I started to re-pot the orchids. Thanks 🙂 jean/ Philippines", "Hi Jean, how close to the base did you cut the stem? half of my orchids stem is dead and the other half still green, should I cut it right at the green part?", "Can plants survive when there in the early stages of veg...the leaves all droopy n disclour think cos out heater in tent as was too cold but now it’s too hot?? Can anyone help", "It sounds like you need to find a way to adjust your temperature. If you can’t find a way to control that, then your plants will suffer. I’m very sorry. – Mary Ann", "Hi. My hanging vanda had a fungus infection – which luckily only affected a few of the new and top leaves, however in my haste to cut these off (part of which were brand new leaves on the crown) I cut too low and cut the crown off! I am devestated! This was over 6 weeks ago and the lower leaves and roots are still healthy, but obviously there is no new growth. Is it the begining of the end for my vanda?", "Thanks for your question, Jacky. You should check out this article we did not too long ago: http://www.orchidcarezone.com/i-cut-the-flowering-branch/ Thanks again and let us know how things are going! – Mary Ann", "I think i over fed my orchid with plant food. the blooms fell off. The leaves are still green and pretty, the stem is brown. I repotted it, should i cut the stem?", "I have a Phalaenopsis Orchid, the leaves are still green and half the stem is brown and the other half is green. Where should I cut the stem?", "I’m so sorry to hear that. You should read this blog post we did: Is My Orchid Sick? – Mary Ann", "I was given a beautiful orchid a few days ago. I left it in the sun. Now almost all the leaves are pale & soft. Is it dying? Can I save it?", "I have my orchid in an indirect lit northeast area of my house and I water 1/4 cup water every Friday. After the blooms were finished on my orchid I let the stem die back and then cut it as directed on another orchid care site and put some cinnamon on the cut to keep out infection as the site directed. After about a week the remaining stem started to turn an odd brown spotty color and feel hollow...this kept going down the stem and then all the leaves fell off as if the rotted from the bottom...but the leaves were still green. Any advice or ideas as to what happened?", "What kind of orchid is it? I’m sorry but I’m a little confused. What state is your orchid in now? Is there a new stem with green leaves? If so, that’s a good thing. And did you sterilize your cutting tool before making the cut? Thanks, Mary Ann", "I recived a beautiful Philaenosis Orchid garden on March 2014 i did not know with lucky banboo did not know they were sitting in there own pots n were sitting on top of bark its top was coverd with moss so i keep watering it cause they were dry to the touch lil’did i know that no drainage from pot as i was not watwring the plants as i was the bark sso the bark was so wet the plants stood in standing water for over 2 months now I took the pot n drained it but the bark was stull soaked just to relize i messed up now my plants still have blooms but mussy roots n as all ways made the mistake of just not cuting of the soggy roots can I stll repot it a 3rd time but cutting out the bad roots with in days of repotting again?", "I think in this case you have to. If you don’t remove the bad roots, your plant will definitely not survive. Good luck! – Mary Ann", "Hello! I just got a phalaenopsis orchid about two weeks ago. It was blooming perfectly, up to 11 flowers. Just two days ago the flowers started to look as if they were wilting and today a number have closed up and all the flowers as a whole are still wilting. The leaves and stem look perfectly fine, still green and lively. Is my orchid dying? Should I remove the stem? Thank you!", "It sounds like your plant has reached the end of it’s blooming cycle. The short answer is yes... but here is some more information about that: http://www.orchidcarezone.com/i-cut-the-flowering-branch/ Thanks! – Mary Ann", "I got a cymbidium orchid for valentine’s day, but had to leave on a two week trip three days later. The person taking care of it moved it in front of a door (I live in Canada, it’s been freezing cold), and now my stems are dark brown, though leaves are still green (some of them were brown though, and fell off). I have cut them and left about 10 to 15 cm of the stems standing. Should I cut them down even more? is it doomed? Will it ever rebloom or did I cut too short?", "It’s hard to say. Your plant has definitely suffered some trauma. For cymbidiums you want to make the cut at the base of the stem. You’ll want to be at least 1/4 inch above the pseudobulb. Put some cinnamon on the cut to prevent infection, and make sure you always use sterile cutting equipment. Then provide it with the proper care, and watch and see. I hope it goes well! – Mary Ann", "Help, yesterday my son pulled a leaf off what was a beautiful healthy orchid. Today all the flowers have drooped, is it going to die or can I save it?", "In my opinion, it sounds like it could just be a coincidence and the orchid could have naturally been at the end of its blooming cycle when he pulled the leaf off. Or the flower was traumatized and is trying to conserve energy. It doesn’t sound like it’s going to die. Just keep giving it the proper care and watch it closely. It should resume creating new growths relatively quickly I would imagine. – Mary Ann", "Hi!!!! I need help!! My cymbidium is dying. I noticed the leaves yellowing and browining, then falling off. I read a lot of information and decided to take it out of the pot. the roots are dry and white, there are none that are soft. There are several dry brown bulbs? then there are bulbs that are soggy and brown, i carefully pried loose the soggy one and lots of the dry white roots came off too. I have 3 bulbs left with a few leaves. they are a little shriveled but not too much. the cym was standing in a northfacing window. i fed it once a month and watered once a month untill i read i should water at least twice a month. I bought the plant last year May (in south africa, that is winter time)can i save it? i haven’t repotted it yet, its just suspended in a terracotta pot. what can I do? i live in South Africa PLEASE HELP", "Yes I think you can save it, actually. It sounds like there’s life still in it. We have a few things on cymbidium care that can help you. Our Cymbidium Pocket Guide and then some cymbidium growing tips. I hope this helps! – Mary Ann", "Hello I just received a beautiful healthy purple orchid from my mother in law about 3 weeks ago I have it in front of my living room window where it gets adequet lighting everyday. Today I noticed the flowers started to droop and close up. The leaves are still green and healthy and one blub is growing in the middle of the three closing flowers.I spray the moss when it gets dry with water combined with Miracle Grow Orchid food, did I do someting wrong? This is my first orchid plant and it means a great deal to me I don’t want it to die on me help please!", "It sounds like it reached the end of its blooming period and is still healthy. Keep caring for it, and wait for the next blooming cycle! 🙂 – Mary Ann", "I bought an orchid about October 2011, it bloomed and then the flowers fell off and died, but it hasn’t bloomed since. I thought maybe it was dead, but everyone told me that as long as it still had its leaves it was still alive, and that it may not have flowered due to it being too cold (I live in England, and its always cold haha), however, this morning I noticed that the leaves have all fallen off and the bottoms of one of them them, where it joined to the plant is looking a bit black and horrible. When I watered it on monday the leaves were all green and healthy looking, and still are green and healthy looking, but now they’ve just fallen off? I saw on another website that if the roots are still firm then it isn’t dead, and the ones I can see are still quite firm, I just don’t understand whats happened? I’d like to know tho, as I just inherited another orchid from my grandfather who passed away recently and would be devastated if the same thing happened!", "Also, as I’ve seen with other orchids, and as is the case with the one of my grandfather’s the roots on the orchid in question never came out of the top of the pot? Is this normal?", "Orchid roots going out of the top of the pot are signs of new growth and usually that you need a bigger pot. It doesn’t necessarily mean your orchid is in trouble, but it would be better if they were more plentiful. I’m so very sorry for your loss.", "I’m sorry to hear about your orchid. It may have needed to be repotted. It sounds like if the roots are ok, then it might be ok. But if it’s an infection, then it might just be best to get rid of it. I’d say repot it at this point, and watch it closely. Separate it from any other plants you have just in case. – Mary Ann", "Hi, I took an orchid from my sister about two weeks ago as it was left out in the sun and rain with no drainage. It had no leave, crown dried out and root rot. I left it outside under three where there was partly sun and Sade to dry out. I then removed the root rot and old soil. I repotted it and then gave it orchid food. I water it ever 2 days and drain it well. And at my last water I saw a bright healthy root starting, I’ve been told if an orchid has no leaves then tos it. Should I believe what I was told or should I carry on treating the orchid because of the new growth?", "No! If you see new growth, keep going. It sounds like you just might be saving it. 🙂 I’ve seen orchids with one root totally regrow. I’ve also seen orchids with no roots totally regrow. So it depends on a lot of factors as to whether you can save one or not. Sometimes you can’t – and that’s sad but it happens. But it sounds like you are headed in the right direction! Good luck! Let us know how it’s going! – Mary Ann", "Hi, I have a phalaenopsis orchid that I think may be dying but I’m not sure. It still has leaves that are very green and not drooping and have been like that for months with no flowering stem (cut it when the flowers fell off). When I recently repotted, I noticed many roots look dead/rotting, should I cut these away? If my leaves are still green, does that mean the orchid is still alive? Thanks!", "Thank you and I have but now I’m noticing that the stem is turning yellow slowly of course should I cut it where the stem is still green? And I heard putting cinnamon would help keep away infection. Thank you for your time and patience Ms. Mary Ann.", "I got my full bloomed orchid phaleanopsis in january and the blooms fell off. i repotted it twice-first time i didnt inspect the roots. The second time i noticed the roots were brown and mushy and i didnt observe any more roots. Im trying to revive it. For the past month my orchid has grown 3 bloom spikes with 4 buds on each spike. None of them has bloomed and the leaves are now wilted and soft. What happened? It gets indirect sunlight, water when soil is dry, make sure foilage is clear of water and spray the moss on top of the soil once in awhile.", "Were you able to remove all of the bad roots? It sounds like it might need a little more sun to get it to flower, provided you’ve taken care of the root problem. – Mary Ann", "My orchid is a violet one. I purchased about six weeks ago. Itnwas blooming and looking great up until about 3 weeks ago it started dying..leaves turn yellow fall off then the blooms. The roots ended up above the dirt somehow and i was ready to throw it away i am so worried. I reported it BC the roots looked cramped new soil. Have I done all I can?", "Yeah – it sounds like you’ve done the right things. I’m not sure what kind of orchid you have, so it’s hard to give you better advice. I’d say figure out what kind of orchid you have and then see what kind of care they need after they are done blooming. Thanks! Keep us posted. – Mary Ann", "I have had a collection of Phalaenopsis orchids for 3-4 years. early this month I left on vacation only to return to find that ALL of my babies were dying. I tried to give them some tender loving care but over the past couple of weeks they have all lost their leaves! 🙁 Is there any hope in them coming back to life, even though they are nothing but roots? I have never had to rehab one of my orchid before but I don’t want to just give up on them.", "It depends on the condition of the roots. Do they look all look healthy? Try the suggestions in the blog post that you commented on. Stay optimistic, but prepare yourself for the worst. – Mary Ann", "My flourishing orchid was left in the hot car all day and now appears wilted! I’m not sure what to do! I don’t want to do the wrong thing because I don’t want to lose my orchid!", "Get it in the correct temperature and water it. Let it adjust to the new environment, and try to provide the most ideal conditions you can so it can thrive. – Mary Ann", "Hi Mary Ann, can you help explain why one of my orchids lost all of its flower in about three days. The plant looks fine, vibrant green roots and leaves, watered once a week along with my other four well flowering orchids, same quantity of feed, same east facing window, same temperature. Just cannot understand it! Any help would be most appreciated. Kind regards, Christopher. (Nrth Cornwall)", "I bought a couple of phalaenopsis on discount. The flowers were withered and they were done blooming but the leaves were healthy and they looked like they had some nice roots. I brought them home thinking I would cut the spikes and re-pot them in bark medium. But when I opened up the pot I found that most of the roots were actually mushy and rotted. Now the nice, firm, green, glossy leaves on my 2 phals are turning yellow and falling off! HELP!", "That is very unfortunate! Cut off the rotted and mushy roots, and try to salvage the rest of the plant. Do your best... Good luck! – Mary Ann", "I have a Phalaenopsis orchid that my boyfriend gave me. The flowers died and fell off after about two months. On a website, I saw that I was supposed to trim the stem. The stem is still green, but the tip had begun to turn yellow.", "I cut about 1/4-1/2 inch above the top bulb. Is this too short? Should I move down to the next bulb?", "Also, the stem is very green, but the bulbs are a bit brown. Does this mean I should cut it all the way down to the base?", "This article should help you with your phalaenopsis after blooming. We also have a guide to help with phalaenopsis care. (Make sure you seal your cuts with cinnamon to prevent infection.) – Mary Ann", "That can be perfectly normal for a phal. If your leaves are turning yellow and then being replaced by new leaves, then everything is fine. If that’s not the case, you might want to play with the amount of light it’s receiving. It may be receiving too much light. We have a guide that might help you out – Phalaenopsis Orchid Guide.", "I have had a great deal of good luck with my Orchids. I will even save them the trash (long story). My friend has started saving tow hem also. But know all of hers are wilting and she thinks DYING. How can I help her? Is there some kind of bug spray that is safe? I just don’t know what to do????????????????", "If they have an infestation, then yes there are safe things you can use. You would need to identify the pest and then treat it accordingly. We’ve put out some posts about this. Is there a nursery nearby that could look at the plants and help you? Or an orchid association? You didn’t give me a lot of information, so I’m sorry I can’t be more helpful. – Mary Ann", "When I bought my phalaenopsis orchid the stem was already brown. This is my first time growing an orchid so I didn’t think to look for a green stem. The leaves are a dark green and it still has flowers but the stem is completely brown. Should I be worried?", "It sounds like it’s done blooming for now, and there’s nothing wrong. check out our post about pruning your orchids. Thanks! – Mary Ann", "I received a white orchid as a gift from a flower service – it is probably a standard kind, very elegant and tall, but with no care instructions attached. It was delivered on a snowy day and it sat outside my door wrapped loosely in flower plastic for at least an hour while it was snowing before I got home and took it inside. The blooms drooped after a day or so and now they are hanging off the stem. There is an unopened bloom at the end that is hanging on and I’m hoping it might open, though I doubt it. I am sure the plant got traumatized in the freezing cold. I have watered it twice in the past week since it came since our home is very dry – the humidity in the winter is around 16 or 20% on the lower levels, and I don’t run a humidifier there. How do I trim the blooms off and care for it in these conditions? The stalk and leaves are still green and mostly healthy looking. two of them are a touch yellow. Do I cut the entire stalk down and hope a new one grows next year? Any advice welcome. Thanks.", "My orchids live at work. While I was out with surgery, nobody watered the babies. I normally watered them once a week and they were very happy. The leaves are very wrinkled now – shriveled would probably be a better term. A couple of top leaves look ok. What can I do for them, if anything other than getting them back into their regular routine. They are like my twin babies. I got them when a close friend died and they are very sentimental. They are the same size and same bloom and I got them at the same time – so I call them the twins or the kids or the babies. I admit that I am crazy about them. Thanks! Jennifer", "I’m not sure how long you were out, but it just comes down to if the roots are healthy or not. If the roots look ok, then you just need to re-wet the potting material either with frequent waterings or by soaking it until its completely wet. If the roots have died, then you need to repot with fresh potting material. Then keep the potting material barely wet until new roots develop. Then once you have new roots, you may go back to your normal watering schedule. 🙂 Thanks! – Mary Ann", "I have a Phalaenopsis Orchid and I’m usually good with taking care of them. I recently moved though and I noticed my orchid suffering because of the lack of light and cold temp. I water him once a week and never forget but he looks so dry. All the blooms and leaves have fallen off but then the root started to look really bad. I’ve tried moving him to a better location and watering him like normal. Nothing is helping though and the roots look terrible. Should I replant with fertilizer? Or is it time to give up? Please reply!", "I’m so sorry to hear this! I don’t think you should throw in the towel quite yet. The roots could look bad because they are dehydrated. I’m guessing a little bit here just from what you’ve said. Perhaps up the watering. Since you’ve moved the orchid may need more water now in these new conditions. If your orchid looks dry, then water based on that. You’re going to have to find a new schedule in this new environment. Do you have a decent window you could put him in to improve the light intake? – Mary Ann", "Hi, over a year ago, I bought my first orchid. It’s a Spider and it had 13 blooms on it which lasted a couple weeks at least. When the blooms dried and fell off after the flowering cycle, I waited until the stem dried up almost 2/3 way down and cut it where it felt like a separation from living stem vs dead stem. I continue to water it, but it has not sent up another stem of blossoms in the meantime. The broad leaf is still green, but is a little wrinkly. It has sent out a thick root which is jetting out of the top of the potting medium and is @ 4′′ long. What can I do to nurture it back to a growth period and blooming cycle again??? It’s flowers were breathtaking!", "It can take some time for your plant to rebloom. It depends on the type of spider orchid you have as to when your blooming cycle happens. I suggest doing a Google search for “[type of orchid] blooming cycle”. You need to repot every 2 years, but you might want to evaluate if it’s time to repot it now since you are seeing new root growth. Hang in there! Patience is the name of the game with orchids! – Mary Ann", "Hi, what a lot of people, who are new to orchid growing receive orchids as gifts from boyfriends/girlfriends etc., and they have no idea how to cultivate these exotic blooms. With the Phalaenopsis especially, these are usually bought from stores or garden centres and some are in bloom maybe with a few buds or vice versa. The problem being with bud drop or buds shriveling is mainly due to a different environment. Don’t give up, especially if the root structure is sound and the leaves are healthy. Bottom leaves on Phals. will eventually yellow and drop off, this is normal, no leaves live forever. Another great mistake is getting water into the crown of the plant. THIS IS A NO NO – otherwise a rot will set in and you might lose your precious phal., though saying that, keikis (baby plants) have been know to grown from the domed plant. On another footing do not let orchids stand in water. They hate having their feet wet and this will eventually set up root rot. If you’re going to mist, then do it early morning and any reside water in the crown can be sucked up with a tissue. I’ve been growing these delights for almost 40 years and I’m still learning.", "These are great points. 🙂 Thank you for commenting. Please feel free to comment whenever the mood strikes you. – Mary Ann", "What if I accidentally got water in the crown and thought nothing of it. I’ve only done it once though and haven’t done it again. Will it be ok? Also, is it a sign my orchid is finished its blooming period of the stems of my blooms are yellowish compared to the new blooms being green. And I know my orchid is probably a bit shocked from being walked home on a bit of a windy day and being in a new environment, but what if more than a few blooms dropped and my new buds are shrivelled and dying? I’ve been watering and letting drain once a week and keeping out of direct sunlight... I’ve had it about a week. It’s a phal. From pao toa or whatever lol idk how to spell it..", "If there is new green growth, then it sounds like your plant is doing ok. You will notice some reactions to the movement of course. With phals as long as you provide their requirements as soon and as consistently as you can, they are usually pretty forgiving. I recommend reading up on phal care specifically and putting those things into practice. Here are some articles that I hope are helpful to you. Favorite Phalaenopsis Phalaenopsis Orchid Guide Phal re-bloom Thanks! – Mary Ann", "Hello! My orchid has been quite neglected unfortunately. But now that summer has come, I feel like I can keep up with it again. My leaves, flowers, and most of my roots have browned and shriveled, but some roots on the very bottom of my orchid are still green and look moist-Can I save my orchid? Or is it done?", "If you have healthy roots, there is still hope. You need to trim the sickly parts and repot and give it some TLC. Then hope for the best! 🙂 – Mary Ann", "I recently moved and my once flourishing orchids started suffering as I did not have a home for them and had to just keep them outside under a wooden stairwell where they are semi sheltered. My dendrobiums started falling over and when I checked it had rotted at the base. I cut the cane away from the rotted area and treated it with cinnamon. The cane is still strong and looking good but no roots. is there hope for this one and if so how do I go about saving it?", "Dendrobiums tend to be dormant this time of year, so you should just try to give them the optimal care. Read here to make sure you avoid these common mistakes with dendrobiums. Here is a forum about rootless orchids. Hope this is helpful for you! You’ll know when you’ve tried everything and it’s not working, or hopefully you’ll see improvement. 🙂 – Mary Ann", "I live in south Africa and received a Phalaenopsis in May 2014 , it bloomed very well for 3 months and then flowers fell off. I cut the stem between after the flowers fell off, but now one of the three leaves fell off, also leaves look limp and flimsy. It looks dry as we had very cold winter this year. Please help I don’t want to lose it. I took it out of the pot it has drainig holes and saw brown hollow roots? Should I repot and cut them off? Also found small sized stones in the bottom of the pot with what seems like fine wooden saw cuts on top.", "Yes – it sounds like you need to remove the sick roots and repot it. And then do your best to provide it with optimal care. 🙂 You can read about phalaenopsis orchid care in our guide. Thanks! – Mary Ann", "I got a orchid as a present I don’t know what type it is but it’s the usual ones you can buy out of a supermarket. It’s leaves are nice,thick, green and healthy but the stem roots are dead and hollow. I’ve got to repot it but it came with bark all around it. Can I repot with a type if soil or should I go back to bark again? Do I cut all the dead roots as I’m afraid it might damage the leaves.", "I think you mean a phalaenopsis. 🙂 I have a few things for you to read that should help. Repotting your orchid. Information about phalaenopsis orchids. Potting mix information. I hope this helps! – Mary Ann", "My husband got me my first orchid for my birthday. However im confused and think the person who sold it to him didn’t know what they were doing. I recieved a long stem (no leaves, no roots...just stem with flowers) i think its a Phal or moth orchid, based on comparing pictures ive found to what I have. Im wondering....is there anything i can do to help this little guy thrive? Can roots come back? Or is this a lost cause? Im new to this whole growing plants thing, and i want to save it....but dont know if thats possible. Right now i have it in a vase with water (its how it was sold) and the buds are falling off...please help. I would love to save it, but i cant seem to find any information on helping an orchid that has no roots....just stem.", "It is possible, but it does take some effort. Here’s a video that will hopefully help you. Regrowing orchid roots part 1 Regrowing orchid roots part 2 I know the orchid in the video has a few roots, but this can work for an orchid with no roots as well. Hope this helps and hope it works! – Mary Ann", "Hi Mary ann I have 8 Phal in my bedroom. they are doing very well, flowering non stop for 6 months already. Suddenly one of them lost nearly all the flowers at once, at least 10 blooms, leaving only 4/5! Normally, they dry on the spike and then drop off. these were still “live”. was it too much water, or too little? thanks", "It could be either of those... or that orchid could be sick. Have you looked at possible sicknesses or pests?? – Mary Ann", "Hi there – I have a Cymbidium orchid that I got about 2 1/2 to 3 years ago. I haven’t been good with plants, and about a week ago, realized that my plant was dying. I did a lot of research online (youtube, etc) and re-potted it, cut off all the dead roots (which was just about everything), got rid of pests (scale, crown & root rot, snails), and was left with one little leaf. It died, so now I’m down to just one little root, and no leaves. Looks pretty hopeless. Anything you can think of that I could do? Could you get an orchid to sprout from the leftover psudobulb? Any suggestions?", "Perhaps try sphagging and bagging at this point. I would suggest doing a Google search about sphag and bag. There are many great videos about this out there. 🙂 Good luck!! – Mary Ann", "I have had my orchid since August. my flowers have fell and I have trimmed my stems(clean scissors and cinnamon) in early October. I am not sure what kind of orchid I have but the leaves are still green and now have just fell out of the base with black ends as if the plant is rotted. I have it in a ceramic pot with holes. It is made specially for orchids. Is it dead? What can I do?", "Were you able to check the roots for rot as well? Did you use any other treatment on the plant? If the roots are rotten, then you will need to remove the bad roots and repot with all new potting medium. You could try StopRot as well. Let me know and good luck. 🙂 – Mary Ann", "Hi Mary Ann, I have two beautiful purple Orchids,one is speckled the other full colour, but unfortunately no name labels. Both flowered and stayed like it for months, my first orchid went through her dropping flowers bit and has thrown up a lovely new stem with buds starting to form, big Yay... my other orchid, the same.. except she hasn’t thrown a stem but just started a new stem on the side of the old one, so I’ve been keeping a close eye on her and one week ago I was gutted to find the new stem on one of the flower heads has started going a funny colour and this morning she’s now drying up and wilting. So far the other flower heads are fine. I’ve checked all the roots and they seem fine and green, appears to be no rot! The leaves are lovely and green, she’s been kept in the same East facing kitchen Window since I got her, (along with her friend) no cold chills that I can feel... Oh and I only water them every two weeks but I check them daily, they don’t go dry but not swimming either... Help please? :O", "Is it possible that your orchid has a mite? What color did it turn? What did it look like? Do an image search on fusarium wilt and see if that looks like what happened? I’m sorry but I need a little more information. Thanks! I’ll keep an eye open for you. – Mary Ann", "I received 3 phal orchids around Thanksgiving and of course had to buy a few more. The first 3 that I received have green leaves and are done flowering, but the leaves are wilted. I repotted in bark medium and cut away any dead roots. These 3 have maybe 4-5 good roots, but the leaves are very wilted. They are in an east window away from drafts/vents and I water them once a week with a good flush of water and let them dry out. I don’t do the ice cube method. The rest that I bought have great root systems, but one is starting to have wilted bottom leaves. Suggestions? I’ve read every internet site possible and it could be over-watering/under-watering...it is so confusing and I want these babies to live!", "You could try the sphag and bag method since the roots are struggling. There are many great videos on YouTube. If you do a search for sphag and bag, you will have many options. I hope that helps! – Mary Ann", "I forgot my new orchid in my car overnight in the dead of winter, I’m praying that there is some way to save this poor guy. He’s looking a little worse for wear this morning now that I’ve got him in the office.", "You want to let the potting medium dry out. Keep the environment humid, but cool. And of course avoid direct sunlight. Once new growth sprouts, then you can resume watering with plain water. I hope this helps! Good luck! – Mary Ann", "Hello I recently brought a big orchid that had 2 big stems after the blooms died. I cut the stems down to the base and weeks later I noticed the leaves are still green,but are very limp an soft plus roots was brown soggy and mushy but still had 4 good green roots. I pulled off all dead roots an put back in plastic container. 1) will it come back to life? 2) an when will new spikes start to grow no sign of them yet. PLEASE HELP", "Hi Melissa – it sounds like it might be a good idea to use the sphag and bag method with this one. I would encourage you to Google/YouTube that and see if you feel that would be a good idea. It can definitely come back, but it’s going to take some time. We’re going to do a blog post about this method soon. Thanks! – Mary Ann", "I got a Phalaenopsis for Christmas. I watered it once a week as per the tag that came with it. Well a month later all the flowers fell off a week after that all the leaves fell off. Now the stem is limp and drooping. How can I fix my orchid.", "Hi Toni – I’m sorry you are having trouble with your orchid, and I apologize for the delay in response, but it was the weekend. 🙂 It sounds like your orchid might have a disease. Compare with this list and see if there’s anything you can do. Phalaenopsis diseases – Mary Ann", "Recently, after I had repotted a phal I realized that I both overpotted/overwatered it. The center become black and when I took it out of its pot, the only two leaves it had detached from the center. So, I have two healthy looking, but severed green leaves and the crown section (dark in the center) but it still has some green roots. Can I pot up the roots w/no center? Will that grow new leaves? Can I root the separated leaves? Can I cut a section of the leaf and put it down to root like an african violet or streptocarpus? Thanks!", "Here lately I feel like a broken record, but I think the sphag and bag method is something you should look into. I know people who have saved plants with no viable roots using this method. Here’s a great video for you. Sphag and bag video I recommend looking at some other examples as well. Good luck! – Mary Ann", "I have a phal moth orchid and as it being my first i over watered it there is not a single root left i was wondering can i cut the actual stem where the roots were and put a rooting hormone to reproduce roots", "All that is left is the roots of my plant, they look healthy. Is it to late for the plant??", "No! If you have healthy roots, it is not too late. It will take time and patience, but you can definitely save a plant with healthy roots. – Mary Ann", "I have a phalaenopsis that i bought from the grocery store. It has been in my basement with artificial lighting and did well for some time. It only had 2 or 3 big leaves and i noticed the other day that they had fallen off and the stems turned black and yellow (dead?) Only to find a good deal of standing water in the container! Most of the roots are still green especially below the surface, though some on the surface have areas that look more brown or dried up. Is there any returning from this point?", "Yes – if you still have healthy roots, there is still hope. You definitely need to repot. Here’s a great article about saving an overwatered orchid. – Mary Ann", "Hi Mary Ann, I just got a pot of yellow Phal orchid the beginning of this month. Water them with 3 ice cubes weekly as instructed. Now flowers on one side starts dying off one by one, one flower just bloomed last week and already start wilting 🙁 On the other side, things are still looking good. But then there are also buds on both sides that still grow. I can’t tell if this is normal or if I am doing something wrong. Please help!", "It sounds like your plant is still healthy and growing. As long as the rest of the plant looks healthy (no rot or discoloration anywhere), it sounds like it is doing ok. 🙂 – Mary Ann", "The leave of my phalaenopsis looks like brought and soft. I think its dying and some of its roots are rot. I already cut the rot but I’m worrying about it.. Tnx", "Hang in there, and treat it the best you can. Cinnamon is a good thing to use if you didn’t already. – Mary Ann", "I have a dendrobium orchid. Since i got it the leaves began turning brown and falling off one by one from the bottom. It started to bloom and by the time the blooms fell out, all the leaves were gone too. I bought fertilizer and started fertilizing once every 2 weeks. Now I see the top of the orchid is starting to get brown. What is causing this and how can i save it?", "Without seeing it, it’s hard to tell you. It might be a normal cycle where the growing period is over and you need to remove the stem. Or your orchid may have an infection. You should remove the infected parts and put cinnamon on the cuts. That is a natural fungicide. I highly recommend doing an image search on Google for dendrobium infections and comparing your plant to those pictures to make sure. Good luck! – Mary Ann", "I left an orchid in a hot car for about 3hrs...it is now wilted but otherwise. Looks healthy. The roots are firm and green and the leaves are plump and green as well. Any chance of revival?", "You definitely still have a chance. Here’s an article we did about heat damage. Hopefully this helps. – Mary Ann", "Hi, I have ordinary purple orchid and it was fine for MONTHS And last week it dried out. The soil was too wet and moldy and smelled like rot. l repotted it in the same pot with fresh potting soil but don’t Know if the roots need trimming or how much to not hurt it . It was a gift and very important.", "You should remove all dead or infected roots. If you do an image search on Google for healthy orchid roots and orchid root rot, you should be able to see the difference. 🙂 I hope this helps! – Mary Ann", "Hi i cut the stem of my orchid about half way down they were green but are now dry and a yellowish brown i got it as present and its store bought what can i do to bring it back to its flowering state please help thank you", "I have a similar problem. My orchid is in full bloom with 8 gorgeous flowers but the stem is now turning brown starting at the top. Roots look good. Not sure what kind it is because it was a gift but the flowers are white.", "Hi Laura – it would definitely help to know the type. There’s a possibility that it’s just at the end of its blooming cycle and there’s absolutely nothing wrong. 🙂 Try looking at this chart to see if it helps identify it: http://www.orchidcarezone.com/orchid-type-identification/ Thanks! – Mary Ann", "I’ve received a vanda plant with a 4′′ stem before the leaves beging. I’ve done my research on arial rooted orchids but nothing seems to inform me well enough for answers. The stem is slowly turning black and the leaves are fully green. Growth doesn’t seem to be coming from this orchid. I have pictures for a view of whats going on. What are my do`s and don’ts?", "Hi – here are a couple of articles we’ve done on vandas. I hope they are helpful. A-Z Vanda Guidelines and Vanda Potting Tips Good Luck! – Mary Ann", "Hello! So I am trying to nurture my first orchid and I recently I discovered root rot. I had no idea because the plant has been nothing but beautiful with multiple blooms and big green leaves. I repotted and cut the dead roots off. It has just finished blooming on one spike which I cut down to the base. However, there is another full spike that looks like it may try and bloom. Should I cut this spike so more energy goes to the root repair? Thanks!", "Hi – That’s a hard question and a judgement call. I think the new growth is a good sign showing that it is doing better/thriving. I would allow that spike to flower and then proceed from there as usual. 🙂 But it’s your call! – Mary Ann", "Hello, I think I may have drowned my lovely orchid 🙁 I have been watering it but didn’t think to drain the water out of the pot and now the blooms are drooping. Is there any way to save it?", "Hi Terri – I’m sorry to hear that. Here’s a post we did that will hopefully help you. 🙂 http://www.orchidcarezone.com/over-watered-orchid/ – Mary Ann", "Great Site! I recently just chopped off a larger proportion of my Pymenolopsis Orchid cos the roots were mouldy (black) and rotted (mushy). So I had a choice of giving a shot or let it die eventually. So decided the former.", "At that point I have 3 more buds to bloom, today it some of the leaves look a little droopy but still green, top 3 leaves are still ok firm, bottom 2s are little flabby. 2 more buds to go, 1 of them is blooming..", "My question is does it mean my orchid is pulling it through or more like dammit it, just going to spend the rest of my energy to bloom and die in dignity?", "LOL! 🙂 They don’t usually bloom to die in dignity, but that made me laugh. 🙂 Usually if the plant has enough energy to flower, that points to you doing the right things for it. Keep at it! It sounds like there’s still hope. – Mary Ann", "i give my orchid 3 ice cubes every Friday however my husband and I went out of town. We left on Thursday and returned on Sunday. Almost all of the blooms fell off. What is the best method to revive it?", "This is hard to answer without more information. Did you water it before you left? Is it possible that it’s just at the end of its blooming cycle, and this was just terrible timing? How is the rest of the plant looking? Can you see the roots? – Mary Ann", "No, I did not water it before we left. So there was a 9 day period between the watering instead of the 7. I woke up this morning and all of the blooms have fallen off.", "How do the roots look? How does the rest of the plant look? If the rest of the plant looks ok, then it will be ok. It might have been at the end of its blooming cycle at this same time and it was just bad timing, or the extra days of no water might have jump-started the process. Check the roots the best you can, and make sure the potting material looks good and doesn’t have any odd smells. If it does, then you will need to repot. Otherwise, just be consistent with it. Underwatering is easier to recover from than overwatering. 🙂 – Mary Ann", "Hello, Unfortunately my phalaenopsis orchid has frost damage on all of it’s leaves, it looks like they have frozen and the cells have burst. We live in Canada and the it was left out in -5 degrees Celsius frost overnight by mistake. Every leaf are droopy and look like frost damages tomatoes, watery. The roots still look okay, and I’ve removed any unhealthy looking rotting roots. Is this plant salvageable and should I remove the damaged leaves? My only concern is that all the leaves are damaged and the plant will not be able to provide sustenance for itself. Any advice? Thank you for your time and assistance.", "You’d be surprised what some plants can recover from. Even if you only have a tiny bit of roots, you can still save it under the right conditions. That’s not a guarantee that yours can recover, but it’s definitely worth a try. I hope this article is helpful to you. Good luck!! – Mary Ann", "Hi....please help...looks like my orchid is dead.....all the flowers and leaves have fallen off...it tip of stem is dried out and brown The roots is mauldy and squished theres a few green ones...the obes thar are on top off the soil is also dried out.", "You can always try. There have been plants worse off that have somehow pulled through with the right care. I would encourage you to watch this video: Sphag and bag with a twist. Good luck! – Mary Ann", "my orchid is super moist and has no more leafs, and not even a steam anymore, it got neglected while I was moving 🙁 I cut off all the dead roots but most of the roots are still alive, is there any chance it will regrow a new stem? and come back to life? please reply, THANK YOU! 🙂", "Yes, if you have healthy roots, there is a good chance it can recover! Pay close attention and adjust as needed. I’m assuming you repotted with fresh potting media, so the moisture has been corrected. Make sure you have good air flow and keep trying! Let us know how it’s going. – Mary Ann", "I have a phelanopsis it has 2 leaves that are dark green and wilted looking I repoted it shortly after getting it and realized it has almost no roots. Since then it does not seem to have gotten more, about a month or so. However the plant is still blooming with 2 open blooms and buds forming and developing. What is going on with my plant is it blooming then going to die ? Or am I worrying for no reason. Also One of my other phalenopsis orchids has small yellow spots on its leaves and flowers should I be concerned? It’s blooming vigorously and has many light green leaves. It is a bit root bound but I didn’t want to transplant it till it stopped blooming. Should I worry?", "I have several other phalenopsis on the same window ledge and they are all doing very well I mist them all almost every morning, with a heavyer watering as I feel them dry out. All plants are in a mix of bark and spagnum in clear pots with good dranage into a secondary pot. Please help with my 2 trouble plants", "Ok – no roots is cause for concern. You can try doing what this person did in this video to help them grow: https://youtu.be/NumaqpuSo6E", "The yellow spots sound like it might be a disease. Look through this and see if you recognize your orchid in these pictures. http://www.phelpsfarm.com/OrchidPestsandDiseases.pdf", "I rescued an orchid from a neighbor. It has two new shoots with buds at the ends but ALAS, the roots were sitting in water and are completely rotten. Plus the LEAVES FELL OFF! Is there ANY hope without leaves? Can I put the shoots/stems in any kind of medium that would allow them to bloom without leaves??? SO SAD that this orchid had so much promise... Please advise. Ever hopeful about living thing, Lucky", "I would also suggest you try this method since extremely sick orchids have recovered with it: https://youtu.be/NumaqpuSo6E I hope it helps!! – Mary Ann", "I recently purchased a Miltoniopsis ( Pansy ) Orchid (which was 3 Days in Transit on Delivery) and a couple of Flowers were Shrivelled ! I stood it in Water for a short period of time and placed it at a window which had Sun! Is there any chance my Orchid will Recover ? Please advise . Thank you .", "Yes, of course there is still hope. 🙂 Just pay very close attention to it and watch for any changes and respond accordingly. Make sure you have good air flow and you don’t overwater in response because that can cause rot and disease. Let us know how things are going! – Mary Ann", "Bought a orchid about a year and a half ago, the flowers fell off a week later. I watered it every week with 3 ice cubes. As time went on the stems turned brown, so I cut them back. The leaves remained green so I thought everything was ok. Watered as usual. Then was wandering why the flowers never came back? The leaves were still green. Then the leaves started dying. To make the story short, I went online to see what I can do. I tried to repot the orchid and 2 weeks later,the last of the 2 leaves snapped off and crown started getting mushy and dried up. So, I took it out of the pot after repot it and noticed that there are still green roots on the bottom. So I didn’t want to give up hope on the orchid. I put it in a glass of water and hoping it will come back? This is the first time I have ever owned an orchid. Please help me out. Should I throw it away, or can I save it.", "It sounds like you may have not provided enough air flow. Orchids need good ventilation. If there are viable roots, you could save it, but you must have patience. Provide good ventilation and don’t overwater it. 🙂 – Mary Ann", "I was given the most beautiful phaleanopsis with big blooms, opening about 3 more until after about 2+ months the blooms started closing and dropping. My problem is that the leaves have all turned soft and/or yellow and today the last one came off. The stem still feels fairly solid. I had taken the plant out of it’s larger pot of soil and found the clear pot with the roots. Several looked almost rotten—about 1/2 of them did. I trimmed them off and packed (lightly) the rest with some bark that was with it, then watered and drained it and put it back. The flowers lasted healthily about 6 weeks more. I drop a little water into it about every 5 days. It didn’t seem to be dry or wet. Now I saw a root(?) peeking up a little yesterday and today the last leaf dropped. Is it possible to grow this orchid even though the leaves are gone?", "Yes! It sounds like you have done a great job! New root growth is a wonderful sign of the plant returning to health. Keep a close eye on it and respond as you’ve been doing if you notice any problems come up. Make sure you have good air circulation. 🙂 Let us know how it’s going! – Mary Ann", "My orchids flowers are wilting and falling off. The leaves and roots look healthy. We re potted it.. Not sure what to do to help it become healthy again...??", "It might just be at the end of its blooming season. 🙂 With the rest of the plant looking good, you did the right thing repotting. Do some research about your type of orchid and when its blooming season is and what it needs after it’s finished blooming. Good luck! – Mary Ann", "Yes it is possible. But what kind of orchid do you have? If you have healthy roots, that’s always a good sign. 🙂 The plant can regrow. – Mary Ann", "I was given a den Briana jade that looked like it was ready to die. Had been In a pot with a bromiliad and got overrun. I repotted and used a little bit of superthrive for the roots. 2 months later I have new growth can’t wait to see what Her bloom looks like after the years she has had", "I have a Phalaenopsis Orchid, I keep it in my office, which always has an A/C blasting, and has no direct sunlight. I keep it under my lamp on the desk, it has a lip to protect it from direct A/C. There are beautiful flowers, but some are wilted now after a week of ownership, and the roots are turning dull green and brown!!! I iced it the first day until soil stayed wet, and a few days ago I poured enough water in it to keep the soil wet but not to the point the water line was visible. Now its still wet, everything is green and vibrant still but the roots connecting to soil. What should I do?", "It sounds like it’s too wet and cold. It sounds like it’s starting to rot. It needs air flow, drainage and sunlight. It might be smart to take it home where you can control the conditions a little more. Good luck! I hope this is helpful. – Mary Ann", "I purchased about 10 orchids from our local market about a year ago. Since then I learned a few things. Never water your plants with ice cubes. They are grown in tropical regions in which ice cubes do not fall from the sky. Use not cold and not hot water. Another things I learned, take your newly purchased orchid out of its container except when it is in bloom as this will stress the plant. My plants had the roots buried and packed. They were not receiving air. Most orchids have the roots out of the plant mixture. I left mine in the original container and they started to die. I purchased moss, took each one out of the container, filled the bottom with the moss and allowed the roots to remain outside of the container.They sit in a bed of rocks with a small amount of water so the humidity is correct. I live in Colorado where it is dry. Water once or twice a week being careful not to get water in the center of the plant. If you do, wipe it out with a bit of napkin. Orchids like their leaves rinsed off. It took me some time to figure this out as a good deal of information on line is wrong. Good luck.", "My orchid was going down a path that I had lost several orchids on before. The leaves were wrinkling and going limp, the tips were turning yellow then one of the spikes started losing its recent blooms. So I placed it next to a window with indirect light and even temperature instead of on my desk next to the AC. I then gave it two ice cubes every three days for about 3 weeks. This worked wonders on my plant the leaves are firm and raised! It was a long process but one quick check of the roots gave me some insight. This site really helped me figure things out, thank you! I can’t believe that’s it’s thriving now, I usually have the touch of death for orchids.", "I have one root that is green can I grow a new plant from that one root and how. Please help it is an emerald orchid.", "Hi, I was recently given a Phal. It looked all healthy and good until the point i removed it from its plastic wrapping a few hours later. The leaves were quite stiff and green, however they have now dropped (3 weeks). It had thee layers of leaves, but now it only has 2 , with the others having fallen off. The parts which connected to the stem seemed to be overwatered and yellowish.", "The blooms seem to have reached the end of their cycle, however, due to some concerns I had about the roots, we decided to repot the plant. This turned out to be a good idea as the roots, bar one or two, were all very brown and papery at the touch. In fact, they seemed rotten. Upon closer inspection, we noticed a sponge-like material in the middle of the plant (about the size of a wine cork), which was clearly very wet.", "We are now hoping that with the little healthy roots left, together with 2 aerial roots, which have now turned a nice green color from the silvery color they were before repotting, the plant will pick up and get healthy once again.", "Should I do anything to the plant, besides hope for the best that some new roots will grow and hopefully get blooms on its next cycle ?", "Drea – That is very unfortunate. It sounds like you’ve done the right things so far. I would consider this method in addition to what you are doing. Thank you. – Mary Ann", "I noticed my potting mix was starting to mold a bit on top so I went to repot my orchid(apparently someone thought they were being helpful by watering it), all my roots appear to be rotted but its still sprouting new leaves and I’m assuming air roots. Can I save it?", "Privacy Assured: Your information will not be sold or disclosed to any unauthorized third parties. I respect your privacy and hate junk email just like you!", "May 2021M| T| W| T| F| S| S ---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 1| 2 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9 10| 11| 12| 13| 14| 15| 16 17| 18| 19| 20| 21| 22| 23 24| 25| 26| 27| 28| 29| 30 31" ] }, "parsed_md": "Can I Save My Dying Orchid? | Orchid Care Zone\n\n * Home\n * Orchid Care Articles\n * About Us\n * Contact\n\n * Indoor Orchid Care\n * Orchid Growing Tips\n * Orchid Problems\n * Types of Orchids\n\nOrchid Problems\n\n## Can I Save My Dying Orchid?\n\n175 Comments\n\nWhen we have a flowering plant in our home, it’s a sheer pleasure to watch it\ngrow and bloom little by little. It’s similar to watching our babies grow\nright from the day of their birth – learning to smile, crawling slowly,\nstanding up and the learning to walk. Growing an orchid plant at home right\nfrom the time it was a tiny plant can give you an immense sense of pride and\njoy. You try to learn all that is there to learn about caring for it in the\nbest way possible. When the plant starts to flower, your joy knows no bounds.\n\nIf you have watched the growth of your orchids minutely, you can tell even the\nslightest change in them instantly – just the way a mother is easily able to\nnotice a small, insignificant change in her child – and you don’t need a\nhorticulturist to tell you that your plant is not comfortable.\n\nYou might notice the flowers looking fragile and falling off, leaves turning\nyellow and unhealthy, and all these signs will make you wonder, “Are my\norchids dying? Can I bring them back to life? Have I lost them forever?” etc.\nSuch doubts are not uncommon, but there is no need to panic. Even if you feel\nthat your orchids have reached a point of no return, there are ways to revive\nthem, unless of course, situation is well and truly beyond repair.\n\nCertain aspects like over watering, under watering, excessive light or heat,\nthe leaves staying wet overnight, adding too much fertilizer due to over-\nenthusiasm, and insects attacking can prove disastrous for the healthy growth\nof orchid plants. Most often, it is not very easy to make out if your orchid\nplant has any life left in it or whether it would even be worth trying to\nrevive the plant, but then there is no harm in trying.\n\nNormally, it is not impossible to revive an orchid plant, if the middle part\nof the plant is not decomposed and if there are some leaves and roots still\nintact. There is one tried and tested trick which has proved effective more\noften than not and here is the trick:\n\nOne best method to rejuvenate an almost dead orchid is to repot the plant into\na snug and tight pot that can hold the roots together and supply good humidity\nwhile using a humidity tray. Remember to water your plant in the same way as\nyou were doing earlier (unless overwatering got you in this situation to being\nwith, of course!).\n\nIf the roots look damaged, remove the damaged part and wind some long, thin\nwires around the base of the plant and bend them slightly. Now, support the\nplant in the pot with wires well inside the soil, acting as the roots. These\nfalse roots can bring the orchid plant back to health.\n\nHowever, if the part between the roots and the leaves has turned soft,\ndecomposed or seems dead, then it is better to give up trying to revive your\norchid plant. In any other situation, you can try to breathe life back into\nthe orchid plant by supplying adequate water, humidity, timely nourishment,\nand indirect sunlight.\n\nHave you ever thought one of your orchids was a goner, only to have success\nreviving it? Tell us how you did it by leaving a comment below.\n\nNeed help repotting your orchid? Here are 7 easy steps to repotting your\norchid.\n\nTweet\n\n« I Cut Off the Flowering Branch ... NOW WHAT?\n\nAnnouncing New Phalaenopsis Orchid Care Guide »\n\nYour Comments\n\n### 175 Comments so far\n\n 1. Jean says:\n\nJuly 28, 2012 at 11:24 pm\n\nYes. I can save my orchids nearly dying by cutting the stem. I put it in a\nclean bottle with clean water. Everyday I change d water n sometimes I put\nsome rice water then on d other day I change again. I will notice that the\nstem is still there n have an offshoot baby coming in d stem n then slowly\ngrow up. After that I started to re-pot the orchids. Thanks 🙂 jean/\nPhilippines\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 16, 2015 at 10:09 pm\n\nThat’s great! Thank you for sharing. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n * John says:\n\nJuly 21, 2015 at 2:13 am\n\nHi Jean, how close to the base did you cut the stem? half of my orchids stem\nis dead and the other half still green, should I cut it right at the green\npart?\n\nReply\n\n 2. Ana says:\n\nNovember 30, 2012 at 2:20 pm\n\nCan plants survive when there in the early stages of veg...the leaves all\ndroopy n disclour think cos out heater in tent as was too cold but now it’s\ntoo hot?? Can anyone help\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nDecember 5, 2012 at 6:20 pm\n\nIt sounds like you need to find a way to adjust your temperature. If you can’t\nfind a way to control that, then your plants will suffer. I’m very sorry. –\nMary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 3. Jacky says:\n\nJanuary 2, 2013 at 4:36 pm\n\nHi. My hanging vanda had a fungus infection – which luckily only affected a\nfew of the new and top leaves, however in my haste to cut these off (part of\nwhich were brand new leaves on the crown) I cut too low and cut the crown off!\nI am devestated! This was over 6 weeks ago and the lower leaves and roots are\nstill healthy, but obviously there is no new growth. Is it the begining of the\nend for my vanda?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJanuary 2, 2013 at 5:08 pm\n\nThanks for your question, Jacky. You should check out this article we did not\ntoo long ago: http://www.orchidcarezone.com/i-cut-the-flowering-branch/ Thanks\nagain and let us know how things are going! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 4. Mary T says:\n\nJanuary 10, 2013 at 7:03 pm\n\nI think i over fed my orchid with plant food. the blooms fell off. The leaves\nare still green and pretty, the stem is brown. I repotted it, should i cut the\nstem?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJanuary 16, 2013 at 3:34 pm\n\nWhat kind of orchid do you have?\n\nReply\n\n * John says:\n\nJuly 21, 2015 at 2:14 am\n\nI am in the same situation as Mary, but I didn’t overfeed it, I think I\nunderfed it.\n\nI have a Phalaenopsis Orchid, the leaves are still green and half the stem is\nbrown and the other half is green. Where should I cut the stem?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJuly 22, 2015 at 12:37 pm\n\nYou want to cut it above the node. Here’s a helpful video. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 5. Mary T says:\n\nJanuary 10, 2013 at 7:03 pm\n\nand how often do i water?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 29, 2013 at 5:00 pm\n\nWhat kind of orchid do you have? – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 6. Arella S says:\n\nFebruary 20, 2013 at 10:49 pm\n\nMy orchid’s leaves are turning black what do I do\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nFebruary 27, 2013 at 8:56 pm\n\nI’m so sorry to hear that. You should read this blog post we did: Is My Orchid\nSick? – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n * Connie says:\n\nAugust 6, 2015 at 4:59 am\n\nI was given a beautiful orchid a few days ago. I left it in the sun. Now\nalmost all the leaves are pale & soft. Is it dying? Can I save it?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nAugust 12, 2015 at 5:58 pm\n\nConnie – here’s an article that will hopefully be helpful. 🙂\nhttp://www.orchidcarezone.com/orchid-heat-damage/ Thanks! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 7. Sue says:\n\nFebruary 22, 2013 at 12:57 pm\n\nI have my orchid in an indirect lit northeast area of my house and I water 1/4\ncup water every Friday. After the blooms were finished on my orchid I let the\nstem die back and then cut it as directed on another orchid care site and put\nsome cinnamon on the cut to keep out infection as the site directed. After\nabout a week the remaining stem started to turn an odd brown spotty color and\nfeel hollow...this kept going down the stem and then all the leaves fell off\nas if the rotted from the bottom...but the leaves were still green. Any advice\nor ideas as to what happened?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nFebruary 27, 2013 at 9:03 pm\n\nWhat kind of orchid is it? I’m sorry but I’m a little confused. What state is\nyour orchid in now? Is there a new stem with green leaves? If so, that’s a\ngood thing. And did you sterilize your cutting tool before making the cut?\nThanks, Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n * Patricia Olguin says:\n\nMay 26, 2014 at 8:21 pm\n\nI recived a beautiful Philaenosis Orchid garden on March 2014 i did not know\nwith lucky banboo did not know they were sitting in there own pots n were\nsitting on top of bark its top was coverd with moss so i keep watering it\ncause they were dry to the touch lil’did i know that no drainage from pot as i\nwas not watwring the plants as i was the bark sso the bark was so wet the\nplants stood in standing water for over 2 months now I took the pot n drained\nit but the bark was stull soaked just to relize i messed up now my plants\nstill have blooms but mussy roots n as all ways made the mistake of just not\ncuting of the soggy roots can I stll repot it a 3rd time but cutting out the\nbad roots with in days of repotting again?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMay 28, 2014 at 1:17 pm\n\nI think in this case you have to. If you don’t remove the bad roots, your\nplant will definitely not survive. Good luck! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 8. Elizabeth says:\n\nMarch 2, 2013 at 9:13 pm\n\nHello! I just got a phalaenopsis orchid about two weeks ago. It was blooming\nperfectly, up to 11 flowers. Just two days ago the flowers started to look as\nif they were wilting and today a number have closed up and all the flowers as\na whole are still wilting. The leaves and stem look perfectly fine, still\ngreen and lively. Is my orchid dying? Should I remove the stem? Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 6, 2013 at 6:53 pm\n\nIt sounds like your plant has reached the end of it’s blooming cycle. The\nshort answer is yes... but here is some more information about that:\nhttp://www.orchidcarezone.com/i-cut-the-flowering-branch/ Thanks! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 9. Mel says:\n\nMarch 4, 2013 at 8:11 pm\n\nI got a cymbidium orchid for valentine’s day, but had to leave on a two week\ntrip three days later. The person taking care of it moved it in front of a\ndoor (I live in Canada, it’s been freezing cold), and now my stems are dark\nbrown, though leaves are still green (some of them were brown though, and fell\noff). I have cut them and left about 10 to 15 cm of the stems standing. Should\nI cut them down even more? is it doomed? Will it ever rebloom or did I cut too\nshort?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 6, 2013 at 7:06 pm\n\nHi Mel,\n\nIt’s hard to say. Your plant has definitely suffered some trauma. For\ncymbidiums you want to make the cut at the base of the stem. You’ll want to be\nat least 1/4 inch above the pseudobulb. Put some cinnamon on the cut to\nprevent infection, and make sure you always use sterile cutting equipment.\nThen provide it with the proper care, and watch and see. I hope it goes well!\n– Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 10. Marianne says:\n\nMarch 14, 2013 at 7:28 am\n\nHelp, yesterday my son pulled a leaf off what was a beautiful healthy orchid.\nToday all the flowers have drooped, is it going to die or can I save it?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 20, 2013 at 3:32 pm\n\nIn my opinion, it sounds like it could just be a coincidence and the orchid\ncould have naturally been at the end of its blooming cycle when he pulled the\nleaf off. Or the flower was traumatized and is trying to conserve energy. It\ndoesn’t sound like it’s going to die. Just keep giving it the proper care and\nwatch it closely. It should resume creating new growths relatively quickly I\nwould imagine. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 11. Shaunette says:\n\nMarch 20, 2013 at 6:08 am\n\nHi!!!! I need help!! My cymbidium is dying. I noticed the leaves yellowing and\nbrowining, then falling off. I read a lot of information and decided to take\nit out of the pot. the roots are dry and white, there are none that are soft.\nThere are several dry brown bulbs? then there are bulbs that are soggy and\nbrown, i carefully pried loose the soggy one and lots of the dry white roots\ncame off too. I have 3 bulbs left with a few leaves. they are a little\nshriveled but not too much. the cym was standing in a northfacing window. i\nfed it once a month and watered once a month untill i read i should water at\nleast twice a month. I bought the plant last year May (in south africa, that\nis winter time)can i save it? i haven’t repotted it yet, its just suspended in\na terracotta pot. what can I do? i live in South Africa PLEASE HELP\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 22, 2013 at 6:22 pm\n\nYes I think you can save it, actually. It sounds like there’s life still in\nit. We have a few things on cymbidium care that can help you. Our Cymbidium\nPocket Guide and then some cymbidium growing tips. I hope this helps! – Mary\nAnn\n\nReply\n\n 12. Bianca says:\n\nApril 17, 2013 at 3:34 am\n\nHello I just received a beautiful healthy purple orchid from my mother in law\nabout 3 weeks ago I have it in front of my living room window where it gets\nadequet lighting everyday. Today I noticed the flowers started to droop and\nclose up. The leaves are still green and healthy and one blub is growing in\nthe middle of the three closing flowers.I spray the moss when it gets dry with\nwater combined with Miracle Grow Orchid food, did I do someting wrong? This is\nmy first orchid plant and it means a great deal to me I don’t want it to die\non me help please!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 17, 2013 at 7:54 pm\n\nIt sounds like it reached the end of its blooming period and is still healthy.\nKeep caring for it, and wait for the next blooming cycle! 🙂 – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 13. Sam W says:\n\nApril 18, 2013 at 10:38 am\n\nI bought an orchid about October 2011, it bloomed and then the flowers fell\noff and died, but it hasn’t bloomed since. I thought maybe it was dead, but\neveryone told me that as long as it still had its leaves it was still alive,\nand that it may not have flowered due to it being too cold (I live in England,\nand its always cold haha), however, this morning I noticed that the leaves\nhave all fallen off and the bottoms of one of them them, where it joined to\nthe plant is looking a bit black and horrible. When I watered it on monday the\nleaves were all green and healthy looking, and still are green and healthy\nlooking, but now they’ve just fallen off? I saw on another website that if the\nroots are still firm then it isn’t dead, and the ones I can see are still\nquite firm, I just don’t understand whats happened? I’d like to know tho, as I\njust inherited another orchid from my grandfather who passed away recently and\nwould be devastated if the same thing happened!\n\nReply\n\n * Sam W says:\n\nApril 18, 2013 at 11:18 am\n\nAlso, as I’ve seen with other orchids, and as is the case with the one of my\ngrandfather’s the roots on the orchid in question never came out of the top of\nthe pot? Is this normal?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 29, 2013 at 4:39 pm\n\nOrchid roots going out of the top of the pot are signs of new growth and\nusually that you need a bigger pot. It doesn’t necessarily mean your orchid is\nin trouble, but it would be better if they were more plentiful. I’m so very\nsorry for your loss.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 29, 2013 at 4:34 pm\n\nI’m sorry to hear about your orchid. It may have needed to be repotted. It\nsounds like if the roots are ok, then it might be ok. But if it’s an\ninfection, then it might just be best to get rid of it. I’d say repot it at\nthis point, and watch it closely. Separate it from any other plants you have\njust in case. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n * Heather says:\n\nDecember 13, 2016 at 4:59 pm\n\nHi, I took an orchid from my sister about two weeks ago as it was left out in\nthe sun and rain with no drainage. It had no leave, crown dried out and root\nrot. I left it outside under three where there was partly sun and Sade to dry\nout. I then removed the root rot and old soil. I repotted it and then gave it\norchid food. I water it ever 2 days and drain it well. And at my last water I\nsaw a bright healthy root starting, I’ve been told if an orchid has no leaves\nthen tos it. Should I believe what I was told or should I carry on treating\nthe orchid because of the new growth?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nDecember 15, 2016 at 5:15 pm\n\nNo! If you see new growth, keep going. It sounds like you just might be saving\nit. 🙂 I’ve seen orchids with one root totally regrow. I’ve also seen orchids\nwith no roots totally regrow. So it depends on a lot of factors as to whether\nyou can save one or not. Sometimes you can’t – and that’s sad but it happens.\nBut it sounds like you are headed in the right direction! Good luck! Let us\nknow how it’s going! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 14. yasmeen says:\n\nApril 20, 2013 at 3:14 am\n\nHi, I have a phalaenopsis orchid that I think may be dying but I’m not sure.\nIt still has leaves that are very green and not drooping and have been like\nthat for months with no flowering stem (cut it when the flowers fell off).\nWhen I recently repotted, I noticed many roots look dead/rotting, should I cut\nthese away? If my leaves are still green, does that mean the orchid is still\nalive? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 29, 2013 at 4:40 pm\n\nYes – always cut rotting or dead roots. Here’s an article on repotting your\norchid. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 15. Bianca says:\n\nApril 23, 2013 at 9:23 pm\n\nThank you and I have but now I’m noticing that the stem is turning yellow\nslowly of course should I cut it where the stem is still green? And I heard\nputting cinnamon would help keep away infection. Thank you for your time and\npatience Ms. Mary Ann.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 29, 2013 at 5:02 pm\n\nCheck out this link on cutting the stem. 🙂\nhttp://www.aos.org/Default.aspx?id=76\n\nReply\n\n 16. Khoua says:\n\nApril 29, 2013 at 2:35 am\n\nHello,\n\nI got my full bloomed orchid phaleanopsis in january and the blooms fell off.\ni repotted it twice-first time i didnt inspect the roots. The second time i\nnoticed the roots were brown and mushy and i didnt observe any more roots. Im\ntrying to revive it. For the past month my orchid has grown 3 bloom spikes\nwith 4 buds on each spike. None of them has bloomed and the leaves are now\nwilted and soft. What happened? It gets indirect sunlight, water when soil is\ndry, make sure foilage is clear of water and spray the moss on top of the soil\nonce in awhile.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMay 1, 2013 at 2:45 pm\n\nWere you able to remove all of the bad roots? It sounds like it might need a\nlittle more sun to get it to flower, provided you’ve taken care of the root\nproblem. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 17. danielle says:\n\nMay 14, 2013 at 4:39 am\n\nMy orchid is a violet one. I purchased about six weeks ago. Itnwas blooming\nand looking great up until about 3 weeks ago it started dying..leaves turn\nyellow fall off then the blooms. The roots ended up above the dirt somehow and\ni was ready to throw it away i am so worried. I reported it BC the roots\nlooked cramped new soil. Have I done all I can?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMay 14, 2013 at 2:53 pm\n\nYeah – it sounds like you’ve done the right things. I’m not sure what kind of\norchid you have, so it’s hard to give you better advice. I’d say figure out\nwhat kind of orchid you have and then see what kind of care they need after\nthey are done blooming. Thanks! Keep us posted. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 18. katie says:\n\nJune 2, 2013 at 8:22 pm\n\nI have had a collection of Phalaenopsis orchids for 3-4 years. early this\nmonth I left on vacation only to return to find that ALL of my babies were\ndying. I tried to give them some tender loving care but over the past couple\nof weeks they have all lost their leaves! 🙁 Is there any hope in them coming\nback to life, even though they are nothing but roots? I have never had to\nrehab one of my orchid before but I don’t want to just give up on them.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJune 3, 2013 at 4:16 pm\n\nIt depends on the condition of the roots. Do they look all look healthy? Try\nthe suggestions in the blog post that you commented on. Stay optimistic, but\nprepare yourself for the worst. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 19. Dani says:\n\nSeptember 7, 2013 at 12:43 pm\n\nMy flourishing orchid was left in the hot car all day and now appears wilted!\nI’m not sure what to do! I don’t want to do the wrong thing because I don’t\nwant to lose my orchid!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nSeptember 9, 2013 at 6:42 pm\n\nGet it in the correct temperature and water it. Let it adjust to the new\nenvironment, and try to provide the most ideal conditions you can so it can\nthrive. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 20. Christopher says:\n\nSeptember 8, 2013 at 9:51 am\n\nHi Mary Ann, can you help explain why one of my orchids lost all of its flower\nin about three days. The plant looks fine, vibrant green roots and leaves,\nwatered once a week along with my other four well flowering orchids, same\nquantity of feed, same east facing window, same temperature. Just cannot\nunderstand it! Any help would be most appreciated. Kind regards, Christopher.\n(Nrth Cornwall)\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nSeptember 9, 2013 at 6:44 pm\n\nI’m not sure. What kind of orchid do you have? That’s perfectly normal for\nsome orchids. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 21. Andra says:\n\nSeptember 26, 2013 at 3:57 am\n\nI bought a couple of phalaenopsis on discount. The flowers were withered and\nthey were done blooming but the leaves were healthy and they looked like they\nhad some nice roots. I brought them home thinking I would cut the spikes and\nre-pot them in bark medium. But when I opened up the pot I found that most of\nthe roots were actually mushy and rotted. Now the nice, firm, green, glossy\nleaves on my 2 phals are turning yellow and falling off! HELP!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nSeptember 27, 2013 at 3:57 pm\n\nThat is very unfortunate! Cut off the rotted and mushy roots, and try to\nsalvage the rest of the plant. Do your best... Good luck! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 22. chels says:\n\nOctober 6, 2013 at 11:36 pm\n\nI have a Phalaenopsis orchid that my boyfriend gave me. The flowers died and\nfell off after about two months. On a website, I saw that I was supposed to\ntrim the stem. The stem is still green, but the tip had begun to turn yellow.\n\nI cut about 1/4-1/2 inch above the top bulb. Is this too short? Should I move\ndown to the next bulb?\n\nAlso, the stem is very green, but the bulbs are a bit brown. Does this mean I\nshould cut it all the way down to the base?\n\nThanks! Definitely a newbie...\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nOctober 9, 2013 at 1:59 pm\n\nThis article should help you with your phalaenopsis after blooming. We also\nhave a guide to help with phalaenopsis care. (Make sure you seal your cuts\nwith cinnamon to prevent infection.) – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 23. grace pagay says:\n\nDecember 10, 2013 at 5:59 am\n\nI have phalaenopsis orchid the leaves turn to yellow may be its too much\nfertilizer ... my orchids dying?help\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nDecember 11, 2013 at 6:02 pm\n\nThat can be perfectly normal for a phal. If your leaves are turning yellow and\nthen being replaced by new leaves, then everything is fine. If that’s not the\ncase, you might want to play with the amount of light it’s receiving. It may\nbe receiving too much light. We have a guide that might help you out –\nPhalaenopsis Orchid Guide.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Cindyn Green says:\n\nJanuary 2, 2014 at 4:19 pm\n\nI have had a great deal of good luck with my Orchids. I will even save them\nthe trash (long story). My friend has started saving tow hem also. But know\nall of hers are wilting and she thinks DYING. How can I help her? Is there\nsome kind of bug spray that is safe? I just don’t know what to\ndo????????????????\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJanuary 2, 2014 at 5:02 pm\n\nIf they have an infestation, then yes there are safe things you can use. You\nwould need to identify the pest and then treat it accordingly. We’ve put out\nsome posts about this. Is there a nursery nearby that could look at the plants\nand help you? Or an orchid association? You didn’t give me a lot of\ninformation, so I’m sorry I can’t be more helpful. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 25. Tina says:\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 12:53 am\n\nWhen I bought my phalaenopsis orchid the stem was already brown. This is my\nfirst time growing an orchid so I didn’t think to look for a green stem. The\nleaves are a dark green and it still has flowers but the stem is completely\nbrown. Should I be worried?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 8:37 pm\n\nIt sounds like it’s done blooming for now, and there’s nothing wrong. check\nout our post about pruning your orchids. Thanks! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 26. Alli says:\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 6:56 pm\n\nHi Mary Ann,\n\nI received a white orchid as a gift from a flower service – it is probably a\nstandard kind, very elegant and tall, but with no care instructions attached.\nIt was delivered on a snowy day and it sat outside my door wrapped loosely in\nflower plastic for at least an hour while it was snowing before I got home and\ntook it inside. The blooms drooped after a day or so and now they are hanging\noff the stem. There is an unopened bloom at the end that is hanging on and I’m\nhoping it might open, though I doubt it. I am sure the plant got traumatized\nin the freezing cold. I have watered it twice in the past week since it came\nsince our home is very dry – the humidity in the winter is around 16 or 20% on\nthe lower levels, and I don’t run a humidifier there. How do I trim the blooms\noff and care for it in these conditions? The stalk and leaves are still green\nand mostly healthy looking. two of them are a touch yellow. Do I cut the\nentire stalk down and hope a new one grows next year? Any advice welcome.\nThanks.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 8:24 pm\n\nI suggest you look at this article about treating cold damage. 🙂 Good luck! –\nMary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 27. Jennifer Sivils says:\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 9:26 pm\n\nMy orchids live at work. While I was out with surgery, nobody watered the\nbabies. I normally watered them once a week and they were very happy. The\nleaves are very wrinkled now – shriveled would probably be a better term. A\ncouple of top leaves look ok. What can I do for them, if anything other than\ngetting them back into their regular routine. They are like my twin babies. I\ngot them when a close friend died and they are very sentimental. They are the\nsame size and same bloom and I got them at the same time – so I call them the\ntwins or the kids or the babies. I admit that I am crazy about them. Thanks!\nJennifer\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJanuary 29, 2014 at 9:01 pm\n\nI’m not sure how long you were out, but it just comes down to if the roots are\nhealthy or not. If the roots look ok, then you just need to re-wet the potting\nmaterial either with frequent waterings or by soaking it until its completely\nwet. If the roots have died, then you need to repot with fresh potting\nmaterial. Then keep the potting material barely wet until new roots develop.\nThen once you have new roots, you may go back to your normal watering\nschedule. 🙂 Thanks! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 28. lyndsey says:\n\nMarch 19, 2014 at 4:48 pm\n\nI have a Phalaenopsis Orchid and I’m usually good with taking care of them. I\nrecently moved though and I noticed my orchid suffering because of the lack of\nlight and cold temp. I water him once a week and never forget but he looks so\ndry. All the blooms and leaves have fallen off but then the root started to\nlook really bad. I’ve tried moving him to a better location and watering him\nlike normal. Nothing is helping though and the roots look terrible. Should I\nreplant with fertilizer? Or is it time to give up? Please reply!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 20, 2014 at 6:38 pm\n\nI’m so sorry to hear this! I don’t think you should throw in the towel quite\nyet. The roots could look bad because they are dehydrated. I’m guessing a\nlittle bit here just from what you’ve said. Perhaps up the watering. Since\nyou’ve moved the orchid may need more water now in these new conditions. If\nyour orchid looks dry, then water based on that. You’re going to have to find\na new schedule in this new environment. Do you have a decent window you could\nput him in to improve the light intake? – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 29. Violet says:\n\nApril 14, 2014 at 5:29 am\n\nHi, over a year ago, I bought my first orchid. It’s a Spider and it had 13\nblooms on it which lasted a couple weeks at least. When the blooms dried and\nfell off after the flowering cycle, I waited until the stem dried up almost\n2/3 way down and cut it where it felt like a separation from living stem vs\ndead stem. I continue to water it, but it has not sent up another stem of\nblossoms in the meantime. The broad leaf is still green, but is a little\nwrinkly. It has sent out a thick root which is jetting out of the top of the\npotting medium and is @ 4′′ long. What can I do to nurture it back to a growth\nperiod and blooming cycle again??? It’s flowers were breathtaking!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 15, 2014 at 7:09 pm\n\nIt can take some time for your plant to rebloom. It depends on the type of\nspider orchid you have as to when your blooming cycle happens. I suggest doing\na Google search for “[type of orchid] blooming cycle”. You need to repot every\n2 years, but you might want to evaluate if it’s time to repot it now since you\nare seeing new root growth. Hang in there! Patience is the name of the game\nwith orchids! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 30. Peter Cartwright says:\n\nApril 30, 2014 at 9:35 am\n\nHi, what a lot of people, who are new to orchid growing receive orchids as\ngifts from boyfriends/girlfriends etc., and they have no idea how to cultivate\nthese exotic blooms. With the Phalaenopsis especially, these are usually\nbought from stores or garden centres and some are in bloom maybe with a few\nbuds or vice versa. The problem being with bud drop or buds shriveling is\nmainly due to a different environment. Don’t give up, especially if the root\nstructure is sound and the leaves are healthy. Bottom leaves on Phals. will\neventually yellow and drop off, this is normal, no leaves live forever.\nAnother great mistake is getting water into the crown of the plant. THIS IS A\nNO NO – otherwise a rot will set in and you might lose your precious phal.,\nthough saying that, keikis (baby plants) have been know to grown from the\ndomed plant. On another footing do not let orchids stand in water. They hate\nhaving their feet wet and this will eventually set up root rot. If you’re\ngoing to mist, then do it early morning and any reside water in the crown can\nbe sucked up with a tissue. I’ve been growing these delights for almost 40\nyears and I’m still learning.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 30, 2014 at 8:28 pm\n\nThese are great points. 🙂 Thank you for commenting. Please feel free to\ncomment whenever the mood strikes you. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n * Katarina says:\n\nAugust 13, 2015 at 2:33 am\n\nWhat if I accidentally got water in the crown and thought nothing of it. I’ve\nonly done it once though and haven’t done it again. Will it be ok? Also, is it\na sign my orchid is finished its blooming period of the stems of my blooms are\nyellowish compared to the new blooms being green. And I know my orchid is\nprobably a bit shocked from being walked home on a bit of a windy day and\nbeing in a new environment, but what if more than a few blooms dropped and my\nnew buds are shrivelled and dying? I’ve been watering and letting drain once a\nweek and keeping out of direct sunlight... I’ve had it about a week. It’s a\nphal. From pao toa or whatever lol idk how to spell it..\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nAugust 19, 2015 at 8:31 pm\n\nIf there is new green growth, then it sounds like your plant is doing ok. You\nwill notice some reactions to the movement of course. With phals as long as\nyou provide their requirements as soon and as consistently as you can, they\nare usually pretty forgiving. I recommend reading up on phal care specifically\nand putting those things into practice. Here are some articles that I hope are\nhelpful to you. Favorite Phalaenopsis Phalaenopsis Orchid Guide Phal re-bloom\nThanks! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 31. Lexi says:\n\nJune 21, 2014 at 4:48 pm\n\nHello! My orchid has been quite neglected unfortunately. But now that summer\nhas come, I feel like I can keep up with it again. My leaves, flowers, and\nmost of my roots have browned and shriveled, but some roots on the very bottom\nof my orchid are still green and look moist-Can I save my orchid? Or is it\ndone?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJune 25, 2014 at 1:06 am\n\nIf you have healthy roots, there is still hope. You need to trim the sickly\nparts and repot and give it some TLC. Then hope for the best! 🙂 – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 32. Fran Hamilton says:\n\nSeptember 30, 2014 at 1:09 pm\n\nI recently moved and my once flourishing orchids started suffering as I did\nnot have a home for them and had to just keep them outside under a wooden\nstairwell where they are semi sheltered. My dendrobiums started falling over\nand when I checked it had rotted at the base. I cut the cane away from the\nrotted area and treated it with cinnamon. The cane is still strong and looking\ngood but no roots. is there hope for this one and if so how do I go about\nsaving it?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nOctober 1, 2014 at 2:16 pm\n\nDendrobiums tend to be dormant this time of year, so you should just try to\ngive them the optimal care. Read here to make sure you avoid these common\nmistakes with dendrobiums. Here is a forum about rootless orchids. Hope this\nis helpful for you! You’ll know when you’ve tried everything and it’s not\nworking, or hopefully you’ll see improvement. 🙂 – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 33. Megan says:\n\nOctober 13, 2014 at 10:00 am\n\nHi There,\n\nI live in south Africa and received a Phalaenopsis in May 2014 , it bloomed\nvery well for 3 months and then flowers fell off. I cut the stem between after\nthe flowers fell off, but now one of the three leaves fell off, also leaves\nlook limp and flimsy. It looks dry as we had very cold winter this year.\nPlease help I don’t want to lose it. I took it out of the pot it has drainig\nholes and saw brown hollow roots? Should I repot and cut them off? Also found\nsmall sized stones in the bottom of the pot with what seems like fine wooden\nsaw cuts on top.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nOctober 13, 2014 at 4:14 pm\n\nYes – it sounds like you need to remove the sick roots and repot it. And then\ndo your best to provide it with optimal care. 🙂 You can read about\nphalaenopsis orchid care in our guide. Thanks! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 34. Sheryll Raine says:\n\nOctober 25, 2014 at 10:58 am\n\nI got a orchid as a present I don’t know what type it is but it’s the usual\nones you can buy out of a supermarket. It’s leaves are nice,thick, green and\nhealthy but the stem roots are dead and hollow. I’ve got to repot it but it\ncame with bark all around it. Can I repot with a type if soil or should I go\nback to bark again? Do I cut all the dead roots as I’m afraid it might damage\nthe leaves.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nOctober 28, 2014 at 7:19 pm\n\nHi Sheryll,\n\nI think you mean a phalaenopsis. 🙂 I have a few things for you to read that\nshould help. Repotting your orchid. Information about phalaenopsis orchids.\nPotting mix information. I hope this helps! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 35. Courtney S. says:\n\nNovember 7, 2014 at 2:56 pm\n\nMy husband got me my first orchid for my birthday. However im confused and\nthink the person who sold it to him didn’t know what they were doing. I\nrecieved a long stem (no leaves, no roots...just stem with flowers) i think\nits a Phal or moth orchid, based on comparing pictures ive found to what I\nhave. Im wondering....is there anything i can do to help this little guy\nthrive? Can roots come back? Or is this a lost cause? Im new to this whole\ngrowing plants thing, and i want to save it....but dont know if thats\npossible. Right now i have it in a vase with water (its how it was sold) and\nthe buds are falling off...please help. I would love to save it, but i cant\nseem to find any information on helping an orchid that has no roots....just\nstem.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nNovember 7, 2014 at 3:45 pm\n\nIt is possible, but it does take some effort. Here’s a video that will\nhopefully help you. Regrowing orchid roots part 1 Regrowing orchid roots part\n2 I know the orchid in the video has a few roots, but this can work for an\norchid with no roots as well. Hope this helps and hope it works! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 36. Mary-Anne says:\n\nNovember 10, 2014 at 9:39 am\n\nHi Mary ann I have 8 Phal in my bedroom. they are doing very well, flowering\nnon stop for 6 months already. Suddenly one of them lost nearly all the\nflowers at once, at least 10 blooms, leaving only 4/5! Normally, they dry on\nthe spike and then drop off. these were still “live”. was it too much water,\nor too little? thanks\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nNovember 10, 2014 at 10:17 pm\n\nIt could be either of those... or that orchid could be sick. Have you looked\nat possible sicknesses or pests?? – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 37. Lisa says:\n\nNovember 24, 2014 at 3:59 pm\n\nHi there – I have a Cymbidium orchid that I got about 2 1/2 to 3 years ago. I\nhaven’t been good with plants, and about a week ago, realized that my plant\nwas dying. I did a lot of research online (youtube, etc) and re-potted it, cut\noff all the dead roots (which was just about everything), got rid of pests\n(scale, crown & root rot, snails), and was left with one little leaf. It died,\nso now I’m down to just one little root, and no leaves. Looks pretty hopeless.\nAnything you can think of that I could do? Could you get an orchid to sprout\nfrom the leftover psudobulb? Any suggestions?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nNovember 26, 2014 at 9:26 pm\n\nPerhaps try sphagging and bagging at this point. I would suggest doing a\nGoogle search about sphag and bag. There are many great videos about this out\nthere. 🙂 Good luck!! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 38. robyn says:\n\nJanuary 1, 2015 at 12:12 am\n\nI have had my orchid since August. my flowers have fell and I have trimmed my\nstems(clean scissors and cinnamon) in early October. I am not sure what kind\nof orchid I have but the leaves are still green and now have just fell out of\nthe base with black ends as if the plant is rotted. I have it in a ceramic pot\nwith holes. It is made specially for orchids. Is it dead? What can I do?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJanuary 6, 2015 at 8:12 pm\n\nWere you able to check the roots for rot as well? Did you use any other\ntreatment on the plant? If the roots are rotten, then you will need to remove\nthe bad roots and repot with all new potting medium. You could try StopRot as\nwell. Let me know and good luck. 🙂 – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 39. Jen says:\n\nJanuary 16, 2015 at 9:52 am\n\nHi Mary Ann, I have two beautiful purple Orchids,one is speckled the other\nfull colour, but unfortunately no name labels. Both flowered and stayed like\nit for months, my first orchid went through her dropping flowers bit and has\nthrown up a lovely new stem with buds starting to form, big Yay... my other\norchid, the same.. except she hasn’t thrown a stem but just started a new stem\non the side of the old one, so I’ve been keeping a close eye on her and one\nweek ago I was gutted to find the new stem on one of the flower heads has\nstarted going a funny colour and this morning she’s now drying up and wilting.\nSo far the other flower heads are fine. I’ve checked all the roots and they\nseem fine and green, appears to be no rot! The leaves are lovely and green,\nshe’s been kept in the same East facing kitchen Window since I got her, (along\nwith her friend) no cold chills that I can feel... Oh and I only water them\nevery two weeks but I check them daily, they don’t go dry but not swimming\neither... Help please? :O\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJanuary 20, 2015 at 4:00 pm\n\nIs it possible that your orchid has a mite? What color did it turn? What did\nit look like? Do an image search on fusarium wilt and see if that looks like\nwhat happened? I’m sorry but I need a little more information. Thanks! I’ll\nkeep an eye open for you. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 40. Laura says:\n\nJanuary 18, 2015 at 3:49 pm\n\nI received 3 phal orchids around Thanksgiving and of course had to buy a few\nmore. The first 3 that I received have green leaves and are done flowering,\nbut the leaves are wilted. I repotted in bark medium and cut away any dead\nroots. These 3 have maybe 4-5 good roots, but the leaves are very wilted. They\nare in an east window away from drafts/vents and I water them once a week with\na good flush of water and let them dry out. I don’t do the ice cube method.\nThe rest that I bought have great root systems, but one is starting to have\nwilted bottom leaves. Suggestions? I’ve read every internet site possible and\nit could be over-watering/under-watering...it is so confusing and I want these\nbabies to live!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJanuary 20, 2015 at 4:14 pm\n\nYou could try the sphag and bag method since the roots are struggling. There\nare many great videos on YouTube. If you do a search for sphag and bag, you\nwill have many options. I hope that helps! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 41. Kayla says:\n\nFebruary 1, 2015 at 12:50 pm\n\nI forgot my new orchid in my car overnight in the dead of winter, I’m praying\nthat there is some way to save this poor guy. He’s looking a little worse for\nwear this morning now that I’ve got him in the office.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nFebruary 2, 2015 at 7:40 pm\n\nYou want to let the potting medium dry out. Keep the environment humid, but\ncool. And of course avoid direct sunlight. Once new growth sprouts, then you\ncan resume watering with plain water. I hope this helps! Good luck! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 42. Melissa says:\n\nFebruary 14, 2015 at 4:00 pm\n\nHello I recently brought a big orchid that had 2 big stems after the blooms\ndied. I cut the stems down to the base and weeks later I noticed the leaves\nare still green,but are very limp an soft plus roots was brown soggy and mushy\nbut still had 4 good green roots. I pulled off all dead roots an put back in\nplastic container. 1) will it come back to life? 2) an when will new spikes\nstart to grow no sign of them yet. PLEASE HELP\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nFebruary 17, 2015 at 7:15 pm\n\nHi Melissa – it sounds like it might be a good idea to use the sphag and bag\nmethod with this one. I would encourage you to Google/YouTube that and see if\nyou feel that would be a good idea. It can definitely come back, but it’s\ngoing to take some time. We’re going to do a blog post about this method soon.\nThanks! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 43. Toni says:\n\nFebruary 21, 2015 at 3:26 pm\n\nI got a Phalaenopsis for Christmas. I watered it once a week as per the tag\nthat came with it. Well a month later all the flowers fell off a week after\nthat all the leaves fell off. Now the stem is limp and drooping. How can I fix\nmy orchid.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nFebruary 23, 2015 at 4:19 pm\n\nHi Toni – I’m sorry you are having trouble with your orchid, and I apologize\nfor the delay in response, but it was the weekend. 🙂 It sounds like your\norchid might have a disease. Compare with this list and see if there’s\nanything you can do. Phalaenopsis diseases – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n * Toni says:\n\nMarch 13, 2015 at 4:40 pm\n\nstem went hollow threw it out\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 16, 2015 at 10:46 pm\n\nI’m sorry to hear that. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 44. Stephanie says:\n\nFebruary 22, 2015 at 8:34 pm\n\nRecently, after I had repotted a phal I realized that I both\noverpotted/overwatered it. The center become black and when I took it out of\nits pot, the only two leaves it had detached from the center. So, I have two\nhealthy looking, but severed green leaves and the crown section (dark in the\ncenter) but it still has some green roots. Can I pot up the roots w/no center?\nWill that grow new leaves? Can I root the separated leaves? Can I cut a\nsection of the leaf and put it down to root like an african violet or\nstreptocarpus? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nFebruary 23, 2015 at 10:13 pm\n\nHere lately I feel like a broken record, but I think the sphag and bag method\nis something you should look into. I know people who have saved plants with no\nviable roots using this method. Here’s a great video for you. Sphag and bag\nvideo I recommend looking at some other examples as well. Good luck! – Mary\nAnn\n\nReply\n\n 45. amanda says:\n\nMarch 17, 2015 at 11:00 am\n\nI have a phal moth orchid and as it being my first i over watered it there is\nnot a single root left i was wondering can i cut the actual stem where the\nroots were and put a rooting hormone to reproduce roots\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 18, 2015 at 7:10 pm\n\nLet me direct you to the article we just did: I hope this helps! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n * Amanda says:\n\nApril 14, 2015 at 10:35 pm\n\nThat would be very helpful\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 15, 2015 at 1:47 pm\n\nI’m sorry! I didn’t realize the link didn’t show up. Trying again!\nhttp://www.orchidcarezone.com/sphag-and-bag-method/\n\nReply\n\n 46. Theodorea says:\n\nMarch 19, 2015 at 9:51 am\n\nAll that is left is the roots of my plant, they look healthy. Is it to late\nfor the plant??\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 19, 2015 at 1:32 pm\n\nNo! If you have healthy roots, it is not too late. It will take time and\npatience, but you can definitely save a plant with healthy roots. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 47. Jesci Kent says:\n\nMarch 22, 2015 at 10:03 pm\n\nI have a phalaenopsis that i bought from the grocery store. It has been in my\nbasement with artificial lighting and did well for some time. It only had 2 or\n3 big leaves and i noticed the other day that they had fallen off and the\nstems turned black and yellow (dead?) Only to find a good deal of standing\nwater in the container! Most of the roots are still green especially below the\nsurface, though some on the surface have areas that look more brown or dried\nup. Is there any returning from this point?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 23, 2015 at 10:21 pm\n\nYes – if you still have healthy roots, there is still hope. You definitely\nneed to repot. Here’s a great article about saving an overwatered orchid. –\nMary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 48. Tammie says:\n\nMarch 23, 2015 at 6:09 pm\n\nHi Mary Ann, I just got a pot of yellow Phal orchid the beginning of this\nmonth. Water them with 3 ice cubes weekly as instructed. Now flowers on one\nside starts dying off one by one, one flower just bloomed last week and\nalready start wilting 🙁 On the other side, things are still looking good. But\nthen there are also buds on both sides that still grow. I can’t tell if this\nis normal or if I am doing something wrong. Please help!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 23, 2015 at 10:23 pm\n\nIt sounds like your plant is still healthy and growing. As long as the rest of\nthe plant looks healthy (no rot or discoloration anywhere), it sounds like it\nis doing ok. 🙂 – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 49. Jester says:\n\nMarch 31, 2015 at 10:42 am\n\nThe leave of my phalaenopsis looks like brought and soft. I think its dying\nand some of its roots are rot. I already cut the rot but I’m worrying about\nit.. Tnx\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 1, 2015 at 3:21 pm\n\nHang in there, and treat it the best you can. Cinnamon is a good thing to use\nif you didn’t already. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 50. Ariel says:\n\nApril 14, 2015 at 5:24 pm\n\nI have a dendrobium orchid. Since i got it the leaves began turning brown and\nfalling off one by one from the bottom. It started to bloom and by the time\nthe blooms fell out, all the leaves were gone too. I bought fertilizer and\nstarted fertilizing once every 2 weeks. Now I see the top of the orchid is\nstarting to get brown. What is causing this and how can i save it?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nApril 15, 2015 at 1:30 pm\n\nWithout seeing it, it’s hard to tell you. It might be a normal cycle where the\ngrowing period is over and you need to remove the stem. Or your orchid may\nhave an infection. You should remove the infected parts and put cinnamon on\nthe cuts. That is a natural fungicide. I highly recommend doing an image\nsearch on Google for dendrobium infections and comparing your plant to those\npictures to make sure. Good luck! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 51. adrienne says:\n\nMay 9, 2015 at 12:54 am\n\nI left an orchid in a hot car for about 3hrs...it is now wilted but otherwise.\nLooks healthy. The roots are firm and green and the leaves are plump and green\nas well. Any chance of revival?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMay 11, 2015 at 3:53 pm\n\nYou definitely still have a chance. Here’s an article we did about heat\ndamage. Hopefully this helps. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 52. Marissa says:\n\nMay 23, 2015 at 2:27 pm\n\nHi, I have ordinary purple orchid and it was fine for MONTHS And last week it\ndried out. The soil was too wet and moldy and smelled like rot. l repotted it\nin the same pot with fresh potting soil but don’t Know if the roots need\ntrimming or how much to not hurt it . It was a gift and very important.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMay 27, 2015 at 12:01 am\n\nYou should remove all dead or infected roots. If you do an image search on\nGoogle for healthy orchid roots and orchid root rot, you should be able to see\nthe difference. 🙂 I hope this helps! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 53. kristy says:\n\nJune 10, 2015 at 10:04 am\n\nHi i cut the stem of my orchid about half way down they were green but are now\ndry and a yellowish brown i got it as present and its store bought what can i\ndo to bring it back to its flowering state please help thank you\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJune 10, 2015 at 2:32 pm\n\nWhat kind of orchid do you have? 🙂 – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n * Laura says:\n\nJuly 9, 2016 at 9:39 pm\n\nI have a similar problem. My orchid is in full bloom with 8 gorgeous flowers\nbut the stem is now turning brown starting at the top. Roots look good. Not\nsure what kind it is because it was a gift but the flowers are white.\n\nIs there anything I can do to save it?\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJuly 14, 2016 at 2:26 pm\n\nHi Laura – it would definitely help to know the type. There’s a possibility\nthat it’s just at the end of its blooming cycle and there’s absolutely nothing\nwrong. 🙂 Try looking at this chart to see if it helps identify it:\nhttp://www.orchidcarezone.com/orchid-type-identification/ Thanks! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 54. B. G. Zenquis says:\n\nJuly 20, 2015 at 5:35 pm\n\nI’ve received a vanda plant with a 4′′ stem before the leaves beging. I’ve\ndone my research on arial rooted orchids but nothing seems to inform me well\nenough for answers. The stem is slowly turning black and the leaves are fully\ngreen. Growth doesn’t seem to be coming from this orchid. I have pictures for\na view of whats going on. What are my do`s and don’ts?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJuly 21, 2015 at 3:08 pm\n\nHi – here are a couple of articles we’ve done on vandas. I hope they are\nhelpful. A-Z Vanda Guidelines and Vanda Potting Tips Good Luck! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 55. Jocelyn says:\n\nAugust 11, 2015 at 9:37 pm\n\nHello! So I am trying to nurture my first orchid and I recently I discovered\nroot rot. I had no idea because the plant has been nothing but beautiful with\nmultiple blooms and big green leaves. I repotted and cut the dead roots off.\nIt has just finished blooming on one spike which I cut down to the base.\nHowever, there is another full spike that looks like it may try and bloom.\nShould I cut this spike so more energy goes to the root repair? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nAugust 12, 2015 at 6:09 pm\n\nHi – That’s a hard question and a judgement call. I think the new growth is a\ngood sign showing that it is doing better/thriving. I would allow that spike\nto flower and then proceed from there as usual. 🙂 But it’s your call! – Mary\nAnn\n\nReply\n\n 56. Terri says:\n\nSeptember 11, 2015 at 8:14 pm\n\nHello, I think I may have drowned my lovely orchid 🙁 I have been watering it\nbut didn’t think to drain the water out of the pot and now the blooms are\ndrooping. Is there any way to save it?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nSeptember 17, 2015 at 8:46 pm\n\nHi Terri – I’m sorry to hear that. Here’s a post we did that will hopefully\nhelp you. 🙂 http://www.orchidcarezone.com/over-watered-orchid/ – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 57. PV says:\n\nSeptember 22, 2015 at 11:08 am\n\nHey Mary,\n\nGreat Site! I recently just chopped off a larger proportion of my Pymenolopsis\nOrchid cos the roots were mouldy (black) and rotted (mushy). So I had a choice\nof giving a shot or let it die eventually. So decided the former.\n\nAt that point I have 3 more buds to bloom, today it some of the leaves look a\nlittle droopy but still green, top 3 leaves are still ok firm, bottom 2s are\nlittle flabby. 2 more buds to go, 1 of them is blooming..\n\nMy question is does it mean my orchid is pulling it through or more like\ndammit it, just going to spend the rest of my energy to bloom and die in\ndignity?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nSeptember 23, 2015 at 1:09 pm\n\nLOL! 🙂 They don’t usually bloom to die in dignity, but that made me laugh. 🙂\nUsually if the plant has enough energy to flower, that points to you doing the\nright things for it. Keep at it! It sounds like there’s still hope. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 58. Bonnie says:\n\nOctober 13, 2015 at 2:21 pm\n\ni give my orchid 3 ice cubes every Friday however my husband and I went out of\ntown. We left on Thursday and returned on Sunday. Almost all of the blooms\nfell off. What is the best method to revive it?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nOctober 14, 2015 at 3:11 pm\n\nThis is hard to answer without more information. Did you water it before you\nleft? Is it possible that it’s just at the end of its blooming cycle, and this\nwas just terrible timing? How is the rest of the plant looking? Can you see\nthe roots? – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n * Bonnie says:\n\nOctober 15, 2015 at 1:22 pm\n\nNo, I did not water it before we left. So there was a 9 day period between the\nwatering instead of the 7. I woke up this morning and all of the blooms have\nfallen off.\n\nYes I can see the roots. What should I do?\n\nBonnie\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nOctober 15, 2015 at 3:50 pm\n\nHow do the roots look? How does the rest of the plant look? If the rest of the\nplant looks ok, then it will be ok. It might have been at the end of its\nblooming cycle at this same time and it was just bad timing, or the extra days\nof no water might have jump-started the process. Check the roots the best you\ncan, and make sure the potting material looks good and doesn’t have any odd\nsmells. If it does, then you will need to repot. Otherwise, just be consistent\nwith it. Underwatering is easier to recover from than overwatering. 🙂 – Mary\nAnn\n\nReply\n\n * Bonnie says:\n\nOctober 15, 2015 at 6:11 pm\n\nRoots and leaves look good. Should I trim off the stalks where the blooms\nwere??\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nOctober 16, 2015 at 4:47 pm\n\nWhat kind of orchid do you have?\n\n 59. Bonnie says:\n\nOctober 16, 2015 at 7:11 pm\n\nIt’s is a Phalaenopsis. I went ahead and trimmed the stalks last night.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nOctober 19, 2015 at 2:40 pm\n\nThat sounds like that was the best option. 🙂 Let me know how it goes! – Mary\nAnn\n\nReply\n\n 60. LH says:\n\nNovember 2, 2015 at 2:06 am\n\nHello, Unfortunately my phalaenopsis orchid has frost damage on all of it’s\nleaves, it looks like they have frozen and the cells have burst. We live in\nCanada and the it was left out in -5 degrees Celsius frost overnight by\nmistake. Every leaf are droopy and look like frost damages tomatoes, watery.\nThe roots still look okay, and I’ve removed any unhealthy looking rotting\nroots. Is this plant salvageable and should I remove the damaged leaves? My\nonly concern is that all the leaves are damaged and the plant will not be able\nto provide sustenance for itself. Any advice? Thank you for your time and\nassistance.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nNovember 4, 2015 at 10:12 pm\n\nYou’d be surprised what some plants can recover from. Even if you only have a\ntiny bit of roots, you can still save it under the right conditions. That’s\nnot a guarantee that yours can recover, but it’s definitely worth a try. I\nhope this article is helpful to you. Good luck!! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 61. Adri says:\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 5:49 am\n\nHi....please help...looks like my orchid is dead.....all the flowers and\nleaves have fallen off...it tip of stem is dried out and brown The roots is\nmauldy and squished theres a few green ones...the obes thar are on top off the\nsoil is also dried out.\n\nThe stem where the last leaves ha fallen off ..looks black and mauldy.\n\nCan i still try ans repot it ????\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nDecember 16, 2015 at 2:52 pm\n\nYou can always try. There have been plants worse off that have somehow pulled\nthrough with the right care. I would encourage you to watch this video: Sphag\nand bag with a twist. Good luck! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 62. olivia says:\n\nFebruary 24, 2016 at 7:22 pm\n\nmy orchid is super moist and has no more leafs, and not even a steam anymore,\nit got neglected while I was moving 🙁 I cut off all the dead roots but most of\nthe roots are still alive, is there any chance it will regrow a new stem? and\ncome back to life? please reply, THANK YOU! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nFebruary 25, 2016 at 7:40 pm\n\nYes, if you have healthy roots, there is a good chance it can recover! Pay\nclose attention and adjust as needed. I’m assuming you repotted with fresh\npotting media, so the moisture has been corrected. Make sure you have good air\nflow and keep trying! Let us know how it’s going. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 63. Anne says:\n\nMarch 3, 2016 at 5:04 pm\n\nI have a phelanopsis it has 2 leaves that are dark green and wilted looking I\nrepoted it shortly after getting it and realized it has almost no roots. Since\nthen it does not seem to have gotten more, about a month or so. However the\nplant is still blooming with 2 open blooms and buds forming and developing.\nWhat is going on with my plant is it blooming then going to die ? Or am I\nworrying for no reason. Also One of my other phalenopsis orchids has small\nyellow spots on its leaves and flowers should I be concerned? It’s blooming\nvigorously and has many light green leaves. It is a bit root bound but I\ndidn’t want to transplant it till it stopped blooming. Should I worry?\n\nI have several other phalenopsis on the same window ledge and they are all\ndoing very well I mist them all almost every morning, with a heavyer watering\nas I feel them dry out. All plants are in a mix of bark and spagnum in clear\npots with good dranage into a secondary pot. Please help with my 2 trouble\nplants\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 9, 2016 at 1:39 pm\n\nOk – no roots is cause for concern. You can try doing what this person did in\nthis video to help them grow: https://youtu.be/NumaqpuSo6E\n\nThe yellow spots sound like it might be a disease. Look through this and see\nif you recognize your orchid in these pictures.\nhttp://www.phelpsfarm.com/OrchidPestsandDiseases.pdf\n\nI wish you the best! I hope these things help point you in the right\ndirection. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 64. Lucky says:\n\nMarch 6, 2016 at 4:56 am\n\nI rescued an orchid from a neighbor. It has two new shoots with buds at the\nends but ALAS, the roots were sitting in water and are completely rotten. Plus\nthe LEAVES FELL OFF! Is there ANY hope without leaves? Can I put the\nshoots/stems in any kind of medium that would allow them to bloom without\nleaves??? SO SAD that this orchid had so much promise... Please advise. Ever\nhopeful about living thing, Lucky\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 9, 2016 at 1:40 pm\n\nI would also suggest you try this method since extremely sick orchids have\nrecovered with it: https://youtu.be/NumaqpuSo6E I hope it helps!! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 65. Charles Watt says:\n\nMarch 13, 2016 at 9:51 am\n\nI recently purchased a Miltoniopsis ( Pansy ) Orchid (which was 3 Days in\nTransit on Delivery) and a couple of Flowers were Shrivelled ! I stood it in\nWater for a short period of time and placed it at a window which had Sun! Is\nthere any chance my Orchid will Recover ? Please advise . Thank you .\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 16, 2016 at 3:00 pm\n\nYes, of course there is still hope. 🙂 Just pay very close attention to it and\nwatch for any changes and respond accordingly. Make sure you have good air\nflow and you don’t overwater in response because that can cause rot and\ndisease. Let us know how things are going! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 66. lisa says:\n\nMarch 17, 2016 at 4:58 pm\n\nBought a orchid about a year and a half ago, the flowers fell off a week\nlater. I watered it every week with 3 ice cubes. As time went on the stems\nturned brown, so I cut them back. The leaves remained green so I thought\neverything was ok. Watered as usual. Then was wandering why the flowers never\ncame back? The leaves were still green. Then the leaves started dying. To make\nthe story short, I went online to see what I can do. I tried to repot the\norchid and 2 weeks later,the last of the 2 leaves snapped off and crown\nstarted getting mushy and dried up. So, I took it out of the pot after repot\nit and noticed that there are still green roots on the bottom. So I didn’t\nwant to give up hope on the orchid. I put it in a glass of water and hoping it\nwill come back? This is the first time I have ever owned an orchid. Please\nhelp me out. Should I throw it away, or can I save it.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 23, 2016 at 11:34 pm\n\nIt sounds like you may have not provided enough air flow. Orchids need good\nventilation. If there are viable roots, you could save it, but you must have\npatience. Provide good ventilation and don’t overwater it. 🙂 – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 67. Judi says:\n\nMarch 30, 2016 at 6:24 am\n\nI was given the most beautiful phaleanopsis with big blooms, opening about 3\nmore until after about 2+ months the blooms started closing and dropping. My\nproblem is that the leaves have all turned soft and/or yellow and today the\nlast one came off. The stem still feels fairly solid. I had taken the plant\nout of it’s larger pot of soil and found the clear pot with the roots. Several\nlooked almost rotten—about 1/2 of them did. I trimmed them off and packed\n(lightly) the rest with some bark that was with it, then watered and drained\nit and put it back. The flowers lasted healthily about 6 weeks more. I drop a\nlittle water into it about every 5 days. It didn’t seem to be dry or wet. Now\nI saw a root(?) peeking up a little yesterday and today the last leaf dropped.\nIs it possible to grow this orchid even though the leaves are gone?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nMarch 30, 2016 at 11:46 am\n\nYes! It sounds like you have done a great job! New root growth is a wonderful\nsign of the plant returning to health. Keep a close eye on it and respond as\nyou’ve been doing if you notice any problems come up. Make sure you have good\nair circulation. 🙂 Let us know how it’s going! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 68. Bree says:\n\nMay 30, 2016 at 7:49 pm\n\nMy orchids flowers are wilting and falling off. The leaves and roots look\nhealthy. We re potted it.. Not sure what to do to help it become healthy\nagain...??\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJune 1, 2016 at 2:59 pm\n\nIt might just be at the end of its blooming season. 🙂 With the rest of the\nplant looking good, you did the right thing repotting. Do some research about\nyour type of orchid and when its blooming season is and what it needs after\nit’s finished blooming. Good luck! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 69. Shahrokh says:\n\nJuly 2, 2016 at 11:53 am\n\nMy orchid has just roots, no stem no leaves. Is it possible to revive it? How?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJuly 7, 2016 at 3:18 pm\n\nYes it is possible. But what kind of orchid do you have? If you have healthy\nroots, that’s always a good sign. 🙂 The plant can regrow. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 70. Juan says:\n\nJuly 10, 2016 at 1:13 am\n\nI was given a den Briana jade that looked like it was ready to die. Had been\nIn a pot with a bromiliad and got overrun. I repotted and used a little bit of\nsuperthrive for the roots. 2 months later I have new growth can’t wait to see\nwhat Her bloom looks like after the years she has had\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJuly 14, 2016 at 2:27 pm\n\nThat’s awesome! Thank you so much for sharing! It’s wonderful to hear\nencouraging stories. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 71. ericka says:\n\nJuly 21, 2016 at 3:53 pm\n\nI have a Phalaenopsis Orchid, I keep it in my office, which always has an A/C\nblasting, and has no direct sunlight. I keep it under my lamp on the desk, it\nhas a lip to protect it from direct A/C. There are beautiful flowers, but some\nare wilted now after a week of ownership, and the roots are turning dull green\nand brown!!! I iced it the first day until soil stayed wet, and a few days ago\nI poured enough water in it to keep the soil wet but not to the point the\nwater line was visible. Now its still wet, everything is green and vibrant\nstill but the roots connecting to soil. What should I do?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJuly 22, 2016 at 3:26 pm\n\nIt sounds like it’s too wet and cold. It sounds like it’s starting to rot. It\nneeds air flow, drainage and sunlight. It might be smart to take it home where\nyou can control the conditions a little more. Good luck! I hope this is\nhelpful. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 72. Kathryn says:\n\nJuly 25, 2016 at 7:18 pm\n\nI purchased about 10 orchids from our local market about a year ago. Since\nthen I learned a few things. Never water your plants with ice cubes. They are\ngrown in tropical regions in which ice cubes do not fall from the sky. Use not\ncold and not hot water. Another things I learned, take your newly purchased\norchid out of its container except when it is in bloom as this will stress the\nplant. My plants had the roots buried and packed. They were not receiving air.\nMost orchids have the roots out of the plant mixture. I left mine in the\noriginal container and they started to die. I purchased moss, took each one\nout of the container, filled the bottom with the moss and allowed the roots to\nremain outside of the container.They sit in a bed of rocks with a small amount\nof water so the humidity is correct. I live in Colorado where it is dry. Water\nonce or twice a week being careful not to get water in the center of the\nplant. If you do, wipe it out with a bit of napkin. Orchids like their leaves\nrinsed off. It took me some time to figure this out as a good deal of\ninformation on line is wrong. Good luck.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nJuly 28, 2016 at 2:45 pm\n\nThank you for sharing this, Kathryn! 🙂 – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 73. Katrina says:\n\nAugust 5, 2016 at 6:59 am\n\nMy orchid was going down a path that I had lost several orchids on before. The\nleaves were wrinkling and going limp, the tips were turning yellow then one of\nthe spikes started losing its recent blooms. So I placed it next to a window\nwith indirect light and even temperature instead of on my desk next to the AC.\nI then gave it two ice cubes every three days for about 3 weeks. This worked\nwonders on my plant the leaves are firm and raised! It was a long process but\none quick check of the roots gave me some insight. This site really helped me\nfigure things out, thank you! I can’t believe that’s it’s thriving now, I\nusually have the touch of death for orchids.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nAugust 11, 2016 at 3:05 pm\n\nI’m so happy to hear this!! 🙂 Thank you for sharing! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 74. Jamie says:\n\nAugust 29, 2016 at 1:48 am\n\nI have one root that is green can I grow a new plant from that one root and\nhow. Please help it is an emerald orchid.\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nSeptember 2, 2016 at 5:40 pm\n\nJamie – surprisingly, you can! I would recommend checking out this video. I\nhope that helps! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 75. Drea says:\n\nSeptember 21, 2016 at 3:48 pm\n\nHi, I was recently given a Phal. It looked all healthy and good until the\npoint i removed it from its plastic wrapping a few hours later. The leaves\nwere quite stiff and green, however they have now dropped (3 weeks). It had\nthee layers of leaves, but now it only has 2 , with the others having fallen\noff. The parts which connected to the stem seemed to be overwatered and\nyellowish.\n\nThe blooms seem to have reached the end of their cycle, however, due to some\nconcerns I had about the roots, we decided to repot the plant. This turned out\nto be a good idea as the roots, bar one or two, were all very brown and papery\nat the touch. In fact, they seemed rotten. Upon closer inspection, we noticed\na sponge-like material in the middle of the plant (about the size of a wine\ncork), which was clearly very wet.\n\nWe are now hoping that with the little healthy roots left, together with 2\naerial roots, which have now turned a nice green color from the silvery color\nthey were before repotting, the plant will pick up and get healthy once again.\n\nShould I do anything to the plant, besides hope for the best that some new\nroots will grow and hopefully get blooms on its next cycle ?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nSeptember 22, 2016 at 1:36 pm\n\nDrea – That is very unfortunate. It sounds like you’ve done the right things\nso far. I would consider this method in addition to what you are doing. Thank\nyou. – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\n 76. Allison says:\n\nOctober 21, 2016 at 5:10 pm\n\nI noticed my potting mix was starting to mold a bit on top so I went to repot\nmy orchid(apparently someone thought they were being helpful by watering it),\nall my roots appear to be rotted but its still sprouting new leaves and I’m\nassuming air roots. Can I save it?\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Ann says:\n\nOctober 28, 2016 at 1:33 pm\n\nAbsolutely! Try watching this video: https://youtu.be/NumaqpuSo6E Good luck!\nLet us know how it’s going! – Mary Ann\n\nReply\n\nShare your view\n\n### Post a comment\n\nClick here to cancel reply.\n\n|\n\nAccess Your FREE Report! \n \n--- \n \nEnter your email address below for instant access to our free \"5 Biggest\nOrchid Care Mistakes\" report... \n \n**Please double-check your email for accuracy to ensure you receive the\nspecial report.**\n\nPrivacy Assured: Your information will not be sold or disclosed to any\nunauthorized third parties. I respect your privacy and hate junk email just\nlike you! \n \n### Recent Posts\n\n * The 7 Best Tricks to Prevent Dehydration\n * Awesome Orchid Identification Chart\n * Subscriber Spotlight: Rick\n * 5 Ways to Properly Store and Keep Your Rainwater Clean\n * A-Z Guide for Vanda Orchids\n\n### Browse by Category\n\n * All About Orchids\n * Gardening Tricks\n * Indoor Orchid Care\n * Orchid Events\n * Orchid Growing Tips\n * Orchid Problems\n * Subscriber Spotlight\n * Types of Orchids\n\n * Phalaenopsis Orchid Care\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * The 7 Best Tricks to Prevent Dehydration\n * Awesome Orchid Identification Chart\n * Subscriber Spotlight: Rick\n * 5 Ways to Properly Store and Keep Your Rainwater Clean\n * A-Z Guide for Vanda Orchids\n\n### What Readers Are Saying\n\n * Ric Dexter on How to Get Phalaenopsis Orchids to Re-bloom\n * Ric Dexter on How to Get Phalaenopsis Orchids to Re-bloom\n * Patrick on Cymbidium Orchids – 10 Essentials for Growing Stunning Cymbidiums\n * Sofia on Can You Repot an Orchid While In Bloom?\n * Rich Fright on The Culinary Delights of... Orchids?\n\n### Post Calendar\n\nMay 2021M| T| W| T| F| S| S \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n1| 2 \n3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9 \n10| 11| 12| 13| 14| 15| 16 \n17| 18| 19| 20| 21| 22| 23 \n24| 25| 26| 27| 28| 29| 30 \n31 \n \n### Recent Comments\n\n * Ric Dexter on How to Get Phalaenopsis Orchids to Re-bloom\n * Ric Dexter on How to Get Phalaenopsis Orchids to Re-bloom\n * Patrick on Cymbidium Orchids – 10 Essentials for Growing Stunning Cymbidiums\n * Sofia on Can You Repot an Orchid While In Bloom?\n * Rich Fright on The Culinary Delights of... Orchids?\n\n### Recommended Resources\n\n * Orchid Secrets Revealed\n * Phalaenopsis Orchid Care\n * Cattleya Orchid Care\n * Cymbidium Orchid Care\n * Dendrobium Orchid Care\n\n© 2021 Orchid Care Zone. Privacy Policy | Terms of Service | Product Terms of\nUse | Sitemap | Contact Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aos.org/orchids/orchid-pests-diseases/cold-damage.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210227041447/https://www.aos.org/orchids/orchid-pests-diseases/cold-damage.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cold Damage", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Cold Damage\n\n#### Thanks for visiting! Claim your\n\n## FREE Illustrated Beginner’s Guide to Orchid Care\n\n(Instant Access)\n\n50%\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211102035404/https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?pid=333", "parsed_text": { "title": "Orchids: indoor cultivation", "passages": [ "Common name: Orchids Group: Houseplants or greenhouse plants Flowering time: Depending on the species, all year round Planting time: Re-potting is usually best carried out in spring Height and spread: 10cm (4in)-1m (3ft) height and spread Aspect: Filtered bright light to partial shade Hardiness: Tender Difficulty: Moderate to difficult", "Indoor orchids are mainly epiphytic (growing on trees) or lithophytic (growing on rocks). In their natural habitat this means using trees or rocks as a support and feeding from plant debris accumulated around their roots. There are some terrestrial species that grow in the ground.", "Many epiphytic and lithophytic orchids can be grown in containers filled with open, free draining specialist orchid compost. They often form aerial roots outside of the container.", "Re-pot only when the roots have filled the pot, using a container that is only one or two sizes larger. Do not try to bury the aerial roots in the compost, as they may rot.", "Orchids like a variety of temperatures, so choose the best position in the house to suit the needs of the particular orchid you are growing.", "Cool-growing orchids such as Brassia, Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Lusidia discolor and Oncidium (cool) need a minimum winter night temperature of 10°C (50°F). A porch, heated conservatory or unheated indoor room would be ideal. If grown in warmer environment, their flowering is often reduced. They can be placed outdoors in summer in a shady position.", "Warm-growing orchids such as the ever popular Phalaenopsis enjoy rooms indoor conditions all year round, with a minimum temperature requirement of 18°C (65°F).", "Orchids prefer high air humidity, but their roots will rot easily in wet compost. Water them about once a week, ideally using tepid rainwater. Water from above and tip out any water that collects in the saucer under the pot. Alternatively, plunge the container into a bucket of water and allow to drain thoroughly.", "Mist the foliage and aerial roots daily, or stand the pot on a wide saucer filled with gravel, filling the saucer with water to just below the surface of the gravel.", "Reduce humidity in winter if temperatures are lower (this applies to orchids grown in porches or conservatories rather than those grown indoors, where temperatures are constant or may even rise in winter with central heating).", "Orchids have different feeding requirements (see Growing specific indoor orchids section) but are not generally heavy feeders. As a general rule feed with a liquid orchid fertiliser every third watering during the growing season.", "Repot every two years regardless of whether the orchid has outgrown its pot, as older orchid compost breaks down, preventing air reaching the roots which leads to disease. Always use proprietary bark-based orchid compost, never a loam-based or standard multipurpose one as these will kill your orchid.", "When repotting monopodial (non-clump forming) orchids such as phalaenopsis, if the remaining roots comfortably fit the old pot after removing the old compost and any dead roots, then it is best to reuse it. Too large a pot means the compost will dry out too slowly after watering, resulting in root rot. Do not try to bury the aerial roots in the compost, as they may rot. Phalaenopsis can be repotted at any time of year.", "With sympodial (clump forming) orchids such as cymbidiums which produce pseudobulbs (bulb-like stems attached to a short rhizome), use a pot that is just wide enough to allow for two years’ new growth. Cymbidiums are best repotted in spring just after flowering.", "See our specific profile pages for how to grow the following orchids: Cymbidium orchids Oncidium orchids (cool section) Oncidium orchids (warm section) Paphiopedilum (slipper orchid) Phalaenopsis (moth orchid)", "Cattleya are prized for their brightly-coloured, showy blooms that reach up to 20cm (8in) across, produced in either autumn or spring.", "In summer, allow the plant to dry out in between thorough waterings and apply an orchid liquid feed every third watering. Water more sparingly in winter and, for a short time, stop watering to ensure plants get a winter rest.", "Use a coarse, bark-based compost, such as a mix of 3 parts medium-grade bark chippings, 1 part perlite and 1 part fine charcoal. Repot in spring and then leave for at least three years.", "Dendrobium flowers can be single or in racemes. The larger dendrobiums produce flower spikes 90-120cm (3-4ft) high and therefore require support, but many varieties are half that height. They are one of the few orchids that produce flower spikes from the old pseudobulbs.", "Dendrobiums fall mainly into two groups: those that need a lot of heat to grow well, such as D. bigibbum, and those that thrive in cooler conditions, such as D. nobile and D. speciosum. Dendrobuim cunninghamii from New Zealand is the hardiest species, thriving under glass in barely frost-free, airy conditions.", "Partial shade is best in summer, but full light is needed from autumn to early spring. The canes of cooler-growing species will fail to ripen adequately unless given maximum light in winter.", "From late spring to summer, grow in a humid, partially-shaded position, watering as soon as the compost dries, and mist daily when the weather is hot and sunny. Add an orchid fertiliser every third watering.", "Keep plants drier in winter. The warm-growing species will grow throughout the year and need regular watering during the winter, but do not allow them to become waterlogged.", "Hanging the pots can help to increase drainage and light, as well as helping avoid problems of top-heaviness when in flower, but avoid moving the plant once the flower spike is growing.", "Dendrobiums can be grown epiphytically on a bark slab in very humid conditions, or in epiphytic orchid compost in a container or slatted basket.", "They resent disturbance and flower best in small containers, preferring to be pot-bound. However, once the plant fills and overflows the container (which may take three to four years), they can be repotted or divided in spring.", "This unusual-looking orchid produces spikes of white flowers in spring or summer that reach 15cm (6in) tall, and has striking leaves.", "Lusidia grows in shade, so position on an east- or west-facing windowsill during winter, and move a little further back from windows during the brighter, summer months.", "Water freely, allowing the compost to dry slightly between waterings. Mist during hot weather, or place pot on a tray of gravel filled with water to improve the humidity. Add a proprietary orchid fertiliser at every third watering. Keep plants drier in winter.", "Ludisia are terrestrial orchids that need a well-aerated, free-draining compost such as: 3 parts fibrous peat-free compost, 3 parts coarse grit, 1 part perlite and 1 part fine charcoal. Repot after flowering, half-burying the rhizomes in the compost, with the shoots uppermost.", "These orchids flower between April and September, and often twice a year. The blooms last four to six weeks and are often fragrant.", "A minimum winter temperature of 12°C (54°F) is needed, but it is acceptable for the temperature to rise to 25°C (77°F), especially in summer.", "Choose a shady position out of direct sun and away from draughts. If there is too much sunshine the leaves will become even paler and yellow. Move away from windows during winter.", "From late spring to summer, grow in a humid, partially-shaded position, watering as soon as the compost dries and misting daily when the weather is hot and sunny. Add a proprietary orchid fertiliser at every third watering. Keep plants drier in winter.", "Pruning of most orchids consists only of removing the spent flowering stems. See our individual profiles on different orchids for information on how to do this.", "From plantlets: These appear from the growing points of stems of some Dendrobium, Epidendrum and Phalaenopsis species. Detach the plantlets when they have developed several good roots, and pot them up in orchid compost. Water them sparingly at first, and mist daily.", "From stem cuttings: These can be taken from many Dendrobium orchids. Cut off a stem up to 30cm (1ft) long and cut it up into 7-10cm (3-4in) sections, with at least one dormant bud on each section. Place the cuttings in a tray of damp sphagnum moss, and keep them humid and shaded. Detach and pot up the plantlets that form from the buds.", "By division: This method can be used to propagate orchids such as Cattleya, Cymbidium and Oncidium in spring, just after flowering. Only divide plants that are overcrowded in the pot. Cut through the rhizomes that join the pseudobulbs, making sure that each division has at least three healthy pseudobulbs. Trim off any dead roots and remove any brown and shrivelled pseudobulbs before re-potting the divisions individually.", "Orchids are often sold as unnamed hybrids and cultivars. To obtain named cultivars and hybrids contact specialist nurseries such as members of the British Orchid Growers Association.", "Overfeeding: This causes root damage. In severe cases roots and compost are covered with fertiliser crystals. Plunge the pot in water to dissolve the excess fertiliser. Do not exceed recommended application rates and do not feed during the resting period", "Orchids can suffer from aphid, scale insect, whitefly, red spider mite and mealybug attack. If kept outdoors during the summer, protect them from slug and snail damage.", "Orchids can be affected by various viruses. The symptoms include pale green to yellow spots, streaks or patterns of brown, black rings and other patterns of discolouration. There is no cure and affected plants should be destroyed.", "The Royal Horticultural Society is the UK’s leading gardening charity. We aim to enrich everyone’s life through plants, and make the UK a greener and more beautiful place." ] }, "parsed_md": "Orchids: indoor cultivation / RHS Gardening\n\n * Join the RHS\n\n * Advice\n\n * Advice search\n * Beginner's guide\n * This month\n * Grow Your Own\n * Wellbeing\n * Wildlife\n * Garden design\n * Garden features\n * Plant problems\n * Plant care\n\nBack\n\n# Orchids: indoor cultivation\n\n# Orchids: indoor cultivation\n\nMany orchids are relatively easy to grow, and given the right care will give a\nlong-lasting flower display.\n\nSave to My scrapbook\n\nBack\n\nCymbidium orchid. Image: RHS Advisory\n\n#### Quick facts\n\nCommon name: Orchids Group: Houseplants or greenhouse plants Flowering time:\nDepending on the species, all year round Planting time: Re-potting is usually\nbest carried out in spring Height and spread: 10cm (4in)-1m (3ft) height and\nspread Aspect: Filtered bright light to partial shade Hardiness: Tender\nDifficulty: Moderate to difficult\n\n## Jump to\n\n * Cultivation notes\n * Growing specific indoor orchids\n * Pruning and training\n * Propagation\n * Cultivar Selection\n * Problems\n\n### Cultivation notes\n\nIndoor orchids are mainly epiphytic (growing on trees) or lithophytic (growing\non rocks). In their natural habitat this means using trees or rocks as a\nsupport and feeding from plant debris accumulated around their roots. There\nare some terrestrial species that grow in the ground.\n\nMany epiphytic and lithophytic orchids can be grown in containers filled with\nopen, free draining specialist orchid compost. They often form aerial roots\noutside of the container.\n\nRe-pot only when the roots have filled the pot, using a container that is only\none or two sizes larger. Do not try to bury the aerial roots in the compost,\nas they may rot.\n\n### Temperature and light\n\nOrchids like a variety of temperatures, so choose the best position in the\nhouse to suit the needs of the particular orchid you are growing.\n\nCool-growing orchids such as Brassia, Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Lusidia discolor\nand Oncidium (cool) need a minimum winter night temperature of 10°C (50°F). A\nporch, heated conservatory or unheated indoor room would be ideal. If grown in\nwarmer environment, their flowering is often reduced. They can be placed\noutdoors in summer in a shady position.\n\nIntermediate temperature orchids such as Cattleya, Oncidium (warm),\nMiltoniopsis and Paphiopedilum prefer a minimum temperature of 13-15°C\n(55-60°F).\n\nWarm-growing orchids such as the ever popular Phalaenopsis enjoy rooms indoor\nconditions all year round, with a minimum temperature requirement of 18°C\n(65°F).\n\nOrchids generally prefer bright but filtered light. They need protection from\ndirect sunshine.\n\n### Watering, humidity and feeding\n\nOrchids prefer high air humidity, but their roots will rot easily in wet\ncompost. Water them about once a week, ideally using tepid rainwater. Water\nfrom above and tip out any water that collects in the saucer under the pot.\nAlternatively, plunge the container into a bucket of water and allow to drain\nthoroughly.\n\nMist the foliage and aerial roots daily, or stand the pot on a wide saucer\nfilled with gravel, filling the saucer with water to just below the surface of\nthe gravel.\n\nReduce humidity in winter if temperatures are lower (this applies to orchids\ngrown in porches or conservatories rather than those grown indoors, where\ntemperatures are constant or may even rise in winter with central heating).\n\nOrchids have different feeding requirements (see Growing specific indoor\norchids section) but are not generally heavy feeders. As a general rule feed\nwith a liquid orchid fertiliser every third watering during the growing\nseason.\n\nMany orchids need a rest period, usually during the winter months, when\nwatering and feeding should be reduced.\n\n### Repotting\n\nRepot every two years regardless of whether the orchid has outgrown its pot,\nas older orchid compost breaks down, preventing air reaching the roots which\nleads to disease. Always use proprietary bark-based orchid compost, never a\nloam-based or standard multipurpose one as these will kill your orchid.\n\nWhen repotting monopodial (non-clump forming) orchids such as phalaenopsis, if\nthe remaining roots comfortably fit the old pot after removing the old compost\nand any dead roots, then it is best to reuse it. Too large a pot means the\ncompost will dry out too slowly after watering, resulting in root rot. Do not\ntry to bury the aerial roots in the compost, as they may rot. Phalaenopsis can\nbe repotted at any time of year.\n\nWith sympodial (clump forming) orchids such as cymbidiums which produce\npseudobulbs (bulb-like stems attached to a short rhizome), use a pot that is\njust wide enough to allow for two years’ new growth. Cymbidiums are best\nrepotted in spring just after flowering.\n\n### Growing specific indoor orchids\n\nSee our specific profile pages for how to grow the following orchids:\nCymbidium orchids Oncidium orchids (cool section) Oncidium orchids (warm\nsection) Paphiopedilum (slipper orchid) Phalaenopsis (moth orchid)\n\n### Cattleya\n\nCattleya are prized for their brightly-coloured, showy blooms that reach up to\n20cm (8in) across, produced in either autumn or spring.\n\nTemperature\n\nDaytime temperatures should be around 18-20°C (64-68°F), with nighttime\ntemperatures not dropping below 13°C (55°F).\n\nLight\n\nCattleya prefer bright conditions, but do not place in direct sunshine as this\ncan burn the leaves.\n\nWatering and feeding\n\nIn summer, allow the plant to dry out in between thorough waterings and apply\nan orchid liquid feed every third watering. Water more sparingly in winter\nand, for a short time, stop watering to ensure plants get a winter rest.\n\nPotting requirements\n\nUse a coarse, bark-based compost, such as a mix of 3 parts medium-grade bark\nchippings, 1 part perlite and 1 part fine charcoal. Repot in spring and then\nleave for at least three years.\n\n### Dendrobium\n\nDendrobium flowers can be single or in racemes. The larger dendrobiums produce\nflower spikes 90-120cm (3-4ft) high and therefore require support, but many\nvarieties are half that height. They are one of the few orchids that produce\nflower spikes from the old pseudobulbs.\n\nDendrobiums fall mainly into two groups: those that need a lot of heat to grow\nwell, such as D. bigibbum, and those that thrive in cooler conditions, such as\nD. nobile and D. speciosum. Dendrobuim cunninghamii from New Zealand is the\nhardiest species, thriving under glass in barely frost-free, airy conditions.\n\nTemperature\n\nCool-growing dendrobiums flower best where the minimum night temperature is\n10-13°C (50-55°F) during the winter months.\n\nWarm-growing dendrobiums require minimum temperatures of 21-24°C (70-75°F).\n\nLight\n\nPartial shade is best in summer, but full light is needed from autumn to early\nspring. The canes of cooler-growing species will fail to ripen adequately\nunless given maximum light in winter.\n\nWatering and feeding\n\nFrom late spring to summer, grow in a humid, partially-shaded position,\nwatering as soon as the compost dries, and mist daily when the weather is hot\nand sunny. Add an orchid fertiliser every third watering.\n\nKeep plants drier in winter. The warm-growing species will grow throughout the\nyear and need regular watering during the winter, but do not allow them to\nbecome waterlogged.\n\nHanging the pots can help to increase drainage and light, as well as helping\navoid problems of top-heaviness when in flower, but avoid moving the plant\nonce the flower spike is growing.\n\nRepotting\n\nDendrobiums can be grown epiphytically on a bark slab in very humid\nconditions, or in epiphytic orchid compost in a container or slatted basket.\n\nThey resent disturbance and flower best in small containers, preferring to be\npot-bound. However, once the plant fills and overflows the container (which\nmay take three to four years), they can be repotted or divided in spring.\n\n### Ludisia discolor (Jewel orchid)\n\nThis unusual-looking orchid produces spikes of white flowers in spring or\nsummer that reach 15cm (6in) tall, and has striking leaves.\n\nTemperature\n\nRequires a minimum temperature of 10°C (50°F) and, ideally, 15°C (60°F) in the\ndaytime.\n\nLight\n\nLusidia grows in shade, so position on an east- or west-facing windowsill\nduring winter, and move a little further back from windows during the\nbrighter, summer months.\n\nWatering and feeding\n\nWater freely, allowing the compost to dry slightly between waterings. Mist\nduring hot weather, or place pot on a tray of gravel filled with water to\nimprove the humidity. Add a proprietary orchid fertiliser at every third\nwatering. Keep plants drier in winter.\n\nRepotting\n\nLudisia are terrestrial orchids that need a well-aerated, free-draining\ncompost such as: 3 parts fibrous peat-free compost, 3 parts coarse grit, 1\npart perlite and 1 part fine charcoal. Repot after flowering, half-burying the\nrhizomes in the compost, with the shoots uppermost.\n\n### Miltoniopsis (Pansy orchid)\n\nThese orchids flower between April and September, and often twice a year. The\nblooms last four to six weeks and are often fragrant.\n\nTemperature\n\nA minimum winter temperature of 12°C (54°F) is needed, but it is acceptable\nfor the temperature to rise to 25°C (77°F), especially in summer.\n\nLight & position\n\nChoose a shady position out of direct sun and away from draughts. If there is\ntoo much sunshine the leaves will become even paler and yellow. Move away from\nwindows during winter.\n\nWatering and feeding\n\nFrom late spring to summer, grow in a humid, partially-shaded position,\nwatering as soon as the compost dries and misting daily when the weather is\nhot and sunny. Add a proprietary orchid fertiliser at every third watering.\nKeep plants drier in winter.\n\nRepotting\n\nUse a proprietary orchid compost, and repot in mid-summer.\n\n### Pruning and training\n\nPruning of most orchids consists only of removing the spent flowering stems.\nSee our individual profiles on different orchids for information on how to do\nthis.\n\nStems carrying flowers are often weak and require staking to keep them\nupright.\n\n### Propagation\n\nPropagation from seed requires specialist laboratory equipment, but some\norchids can be successfully propagated at home by other means:\n\nFrom plantlets: These appear from the growing points of stems of some\nDendrobium, Epidendrum and Phalaenopsis species. Detach the plantlets when\nthey have developed several good roots, and pot them up in orchid compost.\nWater them sparingly at first, and mist daily.\n\nFrom stem cuttings: These can be taken from many Dendrobium orchids. Cut off a\nstem up to 30cm (1ft) long and cut it up into 7-10cm (3-4in) sections, with at\nleast one dormant bud on each section. Place the cuttings in a tray of damp\nsphagnum moss, and keep them humid and shaded. Detach and pot up the plantlets\nthat form from the buds.\n\nBy division: This method can be used to propagate orchids such as Cattleya,\nCymbidium and Oncidium in spring, just after flowering. Only divide plants\nthat are overcrowded in the pot. Cut through the rhizomes that join the\npseudobulbs, making sure that each division has at least three healthy\npseudobulbs. Trim off any dead roots and remove any brown and shrivelled\npseudobulbs before re-potting the divisions individually.\n\n### Cultivar Selection\n\nOrchids are often sold as unnamed hybrids and cultivars. To obtain named\ncultivars and hybrids contact specialist nurseries such as members of the\nBritish Orchid Growers Association.\n\n### Links\n\nAGM Orchids\n\n### Problems\n\nCommon cultivation problems include:\n\n * Overwatering: Roots become soft and soggy. Root death causes collapse of the plant\n * Overfeeding: This causes root damage. In severe cases roots and compost are covered with fertiliser crystals. Plunge the pot in water to dissolve the excess fertiliser. Do not exceed recommended application rates and do not feed during the resting period\n * Sun scorch: This results in bleached, scorched leaves. Provide shade from direct sunshine\n * Failure to flower: May suggest the need for a rest period, and/or a lower temperature period to initiate flowering\n\nOrchids can suffer from aphid, scale insect, whitefly, red spider mite and\nmealybug attack. If kept outdoors during the summer, protect them from slug\nand snail damage.\n\nOrchids can be affected by various viruses. The symptoms include pale green to\nyellow spots, streaks or patterns of brown, black rings and other patterns of\ndiscolouration. There is no cure and affected plants should be destroyed.\n\n## See also...\n\nBritish Orchid Growers Association Plant registration: orchid hybrids (held by\nthe RHS) RHS Publications: The Orchid Review magazine\n\nSave to My scrapbook\n\nJoin the RHS today and get 12 months for the price of 9\n\nJoin now\n\n### Gardeners' calendar\n\nFind out what to do this month with our gardeners' calendar\n\nAdvice from the RHS\n\n##### You may also like\n\nCymbidium orchid\n\nYou may also like\n\nOncidium orchids (cool section)\n\nYou may also like\n\nOncidium orchids (warm section)\n\nYou may also like\n\nPaphiopedilum (slipper orchid)\n\nYou may also like\n\nPhalaenopsis (moth orchid)\n\nYou may also like\n\n## You may also like\n\n##### Growing guides\n\n#### Phalaenopsis (moth orchid)\n\nPhalaenopsis (moth orchids) grow well in ...\n\n##### Growing guides\n\n#### Cymbidium orchid\n\nCymbidium have highly decorative flower ...\n\n##### Growing guides\n\n#### Oncidium orchids (cool section)\n\nOncidium (Cambria-type orchid) ...\n\n##### Growing guides\n\n#### Phalaenopsis (moth orchid)\n\nPhalaenopsis (moth orchids) grow well in ...\n\n##### Growing guides\n\n#### Cymbidium orchid\n\nCymbidium have highly decorative flower ...\n\n##### Growing guides\n\n#### Oncidium orchids (cool section)\n\nOncidium (Cambria-type orchid) ...\n\nprev\n\nnext\n\n## Get involved\n\nThe Royal Horticultural Society is the UK’s leading gardening charity. We aim\nto enrich everyone’s life through plants, and make the UK a greener and more\nbeautiful place.\n\n##### Join the RHS today and get 12 months for the price of 9\n\nJoin now\n\n### Follow us\n\n * Like the RHS on Facebook\n * Follow the RHS on Twitter\n * Subscribe to the RHS YouTube channel\n * Follow the RHS on Instagram\n * Follow the RHS on Pinterest\n\n### Sign up to My Garden\n\nYour free RHS gardening coach\n\nSign up now\n\n * Support us\n * Contact us\n * Privacy\n * Cookies\n * Manage Purposes\n * Policies\n * Modern slavery statement\n * Careers\n * Advertise with us\n * Media centre\n * Listen to RHS podcasts\n\n© The Royal Horticultural Society 2021\n\nRHS Registered Charity no. 222879 / SC038262\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aos.org/orchids/orchid-pests-diseases/heat-stress.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210718051916/https://www.aos.org/orchids/orchid-pests-diseases/heat-stress.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Heat Stress", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Heat Stress\n\n#### Thanks for visiting! Claim your\n\n## FREE Illustrated Beginner’s Guide to Orchid Care\n\n(Instant Access)\n\n50%\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aos.org/orchids/additional-resources/light-the-key-to-successful-blooming.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509042906/https://www.aos.org/orchids/additional-resources/light-the-key-to-successful-blooming.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Light, the Key to Successful Blooming", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Light, the Key to Successful Blooming\n\n#### Thanks for visiting! Claim your\n\n## FREE Illustrated Beginner’s Guide to Orchid Care\n\n(Instant Access)\n\n50%\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bhg.com/gardening/houseplants/care/how-do-i-repot-my-orchid/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210627194901/https://www.bhg.com/gardening/houseplants/care/how-do-i-repot-my-orchid/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Repot an Orchid", "passages": [ "Got roots trying to escape their container? Or are the leaves getting top- heavy? These essential tips will help you repot your orchid the right way.", "Each product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our editorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.", "Like other houseplants, orchids will eventually start to grow roots out of their container, or even grow so big that they'll become a little top-heavy for the pot they're in. Don't worry, all that growth is a good thing! It means that your orchids are thriving because you've been taking good care of them. But it also means that it's time to move your plants into larger containers and give them some fresh potting mix. However, orchids are a little different than other houseplants when it comes to the best type of potting mix and container to give them. Plus, these plants are somewhat fragile to handle, so it's important to take the right steps when repotting to avoid damaging the leaves or roots. Here's how to ensure your orchids will settle in well to their new pots.", "In the wild, rather than sinking their roots into the soil, most orchids normally grow in trees, perched high above the rainforest floor. You can replicate that environment with a special orchid bark mix ($5, The Home Depot) that's available at garden centers. It provides the quick drainage and plentiful pockets for air that orchid roots require. Mostly, though, it helps anchor plants in pots so they can grow upward. You can also use sphagnum moss ($14, The Home Depot), which will help keep the roots moist a little longer between waterings.", "There are specific pots on the market created just for orchids. They're full of holes to expose the roots to more air. However, no special pot is needed; a terra-cotta or plastic pot will work just fine for most orchids. Choose a pot that's 1 inch (at the most 2 inches) larger in diameter across the top than your present pot. The time to transplant orchids is just after they bloom, when new roots have appeared but haven't grown longer than a half-inch, or when the roots start to crawl out of the pot.", "Before transferring your orchid, make sure to water it well to help it tolerate any stress from the move. Then follow these steps:", "Gently pull the orchid out of its pot by grasping it as close to the roots as possible; avoid pulling it out by a single leaf, which could break.", "Carefully loosen the roots and remove as much of the growing medium (bark or moss) from the roots as possible.", "Place your orchid into the new pot and add fresh potting medium around it, tapping the pot firmly on a table or other flat surface to distribute the bark or moss evenly around the roots.", "When the orchid is anchored into place, arrange a layer of orchid potting mix over the top of the roots and water well.", "Once your orchid is settled in its new pot, you can keep caring for it like you normally did before. Make sure you have it in a spot that gets bright, indirect light, and water when the potting mix is just about to go dry. Some orchids can grow for one or two years before they need repotting again, so you can sit back and enjoy its beautiful blooms for a while before needing to repeat this process.", "Thank you so much for this information. I was given an orchid a year ago and I know it needs repotting, but was never sure how to accomplish this. Because of your information, I will now be able to repot it and keep it alive.", "MeredithBH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Repot an Orchid | Better Homes & Gardens\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Better Homes & Gardens\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nBH&G Insider\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletter\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * BH&G Insider\n * BH&G Magazine Archive\n * BH&G Books this link opens in a new tab\n\nMy Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletter\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * BH&G Insider\n * BH&G Magazine Archive\n * BH&G Books this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# How to Repot Your Orchid to Keep it Healthy and Happy\n\nGot roots trying to escape their container? Or are the leaves getting top-\nheavy? These essential tips will help you repot your orchid the right way.\n\nBy Andrea Beck\n\nUpdated April 06, 2021\n\nEach product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our\neditorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn\ncommission.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print View comments\n\nLike other houseplants, orchids will eventually start to grow roots out of\ntheir container, or even grow so big that they'll become a little top-heavy\nfor the pot they're in. Don't worry, all that growth is a good thing! It means\nthat your orchids are thriving because you've been taking good care of them.\nBut it also means that it's time to move your plants into larger containers\nand give them some fresh potting mix. However, orchids are a little different\nthan other houseplants when it comes to the best type of potting mix and\ncontainer to give them. Plus, these plants are somewhat fragile to handle, so\nit's important to take the right steps when repotting to avoid damaging the\nleaves or roots. Here's how to ensure your orchids will settle in well to\ntheir new pots.\n\n## Best Orchid Potting Mix\n\nIn the wild, rather than sinking their roots into the soil, most orchids\nnormally grow in trees, perched high above the rainforest floor. You can\nreplicate that environment with a special orchid bark mix ($5, The Home Depot)\nthat's available at garden centers. It provides the quick drainage and\nplentiful pockets for air that orchid roots require. Mostly, though, it helps\nanchor plants in pots so they can grow upward. You can also use sphagnum moss\n($14, The Home Depot), which will help keep the roots moist a little longer\nbetween waterings.\n\norchid pot\n\nCredit: David Land\n\n## Use Orchid Pots\n\nThere are specific pots on the market created just for orchids. They're full\nof holes to expose the roots to more air. However, no special pot is needed; a\nterra-cotta or plastic pot will work just fine for most orchids. Choose a pot\nthat's 1 inch (at the most 2 inches) larger in diameter across the top than\nyour present pot. The time to transplant orchids is just after they bloom,\nwhen new roots have appeared but haven't grown longer than a half-inch, or\nwhen the roots start to crawl out of the pot.\n\nBuy It: Orchid Pots with Holes (from $10, Etsy)\n\ntrimming orchid roots\n\nCredit: Carson Downing\n\n## How to Repot an Orchid\n\nBefore transferring your orchid, make sure to water it well to help it\ntolerate any stress from the move. Then follow these steps:\n\n 1. Gently pull the orchid out of its pot by grasping it as close to the roots as possible; avoid pulling it out by a single leaf, which could break.\n 2. Carefully loosen the roots and remove as much of the growing medium (bark or moss) from the roots as possible.\n 3. Trim off any dead roots, which will be soggy, shriveled, or colored brown or black.\n 4. Place your orchid into the new pot and add fresh potting medium around it, tapping the pot firmly on a table or other flat surface to distribute the bark or moss evenly around the roots.\n 5. When the orchid is anchored into place, arrange a layer of orchid potting mix over the top of the roots and water well.\n\nOnce your orchid is settled in its new pot, you can keep caring for it like\nyou normally did before. Make sure you have it in a spot that gets bright,\nindirect light, and water when the potting mix is just about to go dry. Some\norchids can grow for one or two years before they need repotting again, so you\ncan sit back and enjoy its beautiful blooms for a while before needing to\nrepeat this process.\n\n## Comments (2)\n\nAnonymous\n\nFebruary 17, 2020\n\nDo orchids need to be reported in a clear plastic pot, like what they come in?\n\nAnonymous\n\nJanuary 29, 2019\n\nThank you so much for this information. I was given an orchid a year ago and I\nknow it needs repotting, but was never sure how to accomplish this. Because of\nyour information, I will now be able to repot it and keep it alive.\n\n## Share options\n\n## Comment on this project\n\nSuccess!Thanks for adding your feedback.\n\n## Login\n\n## Shop | Better Homes & Gardens\n\n * Raised Garden Kits\n * Arbors\n * Gazebos\n * Pots & Planters\n * Trellises\n * Gardening Tools\n * Perennials\n * Garden Bridges\n * Rain Barrels\n * Shades & Structures\n * Shop More\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens may receive compensation when you click through and\npurchase from links contained on this website.\n\n * Better Homes & Gardens Products at Walmart\n * Better Homes & Gardens Real Estate Services\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithBH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab\nTerms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a\nnew tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web\nAccessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.bhg.com\n\n## View image\n\nHow to Repot Your Orchid to Keep it Healthy and Happy\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.gardenandgreenhouse.net/articles/july-august-2015/focus-on-orchids-how-to-tell-if-you-are-over-watering-or-under-watering-your-orchids/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210307014343/https://www.gardenandgreenhouse.net/articles/july-august-2015/focus-on-orchids-how-to-tell-if-you-are-over-watering-or-under-watering-your-orchids/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Tell If You Are Over-Watering or Under-Watering your Orchids", "passages": [ "Orchids add beautiful splashes of vivid color to their surroundings and so many people opt to have these rainforest beauties in their homes. These delicate plants have special watering needs though. For this reason, many people unwittingly either over-water or under-water their orchids.", "Over-watering of orchids if the most common reason why these household plant don’t flourish as robustly as they should. There is a common misconception about rainforest plants like orchids needing lots of water. However this is untrue because while rain forests do indeed receive a lot of rainfall, only a fine misting of rain ever reaches the forest floor because of the thick canopy of leaves above. So in reality, wild orchids clinging to the trunks of giant rainforest trees only get a sprinkle of water. There are several common symptoms of over-watering in orchids to watch out for.", "At the base of your leaves near the plant you may see signs of rotting or growths on the underside of leaves.", "There are, however, the well-meaning but overprotective orchid owners who have heard of the evils of over-watering and keep their plants on a strict ration of a few ounces of water once every other week. This most often results in another problem just as serious as the first, and that’s under-watering. One of the most distressing things about an under-watered orchid is that its symptoms are almost identical to over-watering. Therefore, fearing for the life of their precious orchid, these water-shunning owners further abstain from supplying the much needed liquid, and the poor orchid languishes away from thirst. Here’s how you can distinguish under-watering from over-watering.", "The biggest difference to help you decide will be that the roots will be thin, dry, and shriveled looking as opposed to the mushy ones of an over-watered orchid.", "There may be leaf death and rotting as with over-watering, but leaves will be shriveled and pinched looking instead of wet and rotting.", "An under-watered orchid will be stunted, limp, and scrawny looking and will lack the robust green leaves of a healthy plant.", "Remove the suffering orchid from its pot and trim off all the rotting roots. Depending on how much damage there is to the plant, this may be a rather brutal process and the plant may appear rather bare of roots afterward. If this happens you should place the root end of the orchid in a plastic bag and put the bagged orchid somewhere warm but out of direct sunlight. This will induce humidity and stimulate the growth of new roots. Repot your orchid in potting mix that provides better drainage and reduce watering to once every 4-7 days.", "Monitor the health of the plant and adjust the watering schedule to its needs. Remember to always water during the daytime to allow your orchid sufficient time to dry off during the warm day and before nightfall. Your orchid will slowly put out thick new leaves and begin blooming again.", "Remove your orchid from its pot and trim off any dead roots. If all roots are dead then follow the same bagging procedure for orchids that have been over- watered. Repot the orchid in potting mix that retains more water and increase the frequency of watering. In time your plant will begin to develop new healthy green leaves but the old shriveled ones will remain that way. This is normal with orchids recovering from a long dry spell.", "Nothing is more relaxing than having a beautiful home with amenities to help you unwind after a tiresome day. Apart from offering additional relaxation space, an attractive patio enhances the value of your property. It can also minimize the hustles of lawn maintenance while providing extra multifunctional space in your home. A well-designed patio can make your home feel more inviting and cozy in many ways. In this piece, we will take a look at some landscaping tips you could use to make your patio a space of beauty.", "Plants breathe life and a relaxing feeling into almost any space. Whether you are building a new patio or reviving an old one, think about how flora can help you construct a beautiful area. Introduce a diverse range of colorful plants that bloom at different seasons of the year. You can also use containers with different colors or designs to bring in the aspect of art. Moreover, they are portable and can easily be interchanged.", "This will bring energy and a sense of life to your patio out of the varied ornamental leaves blooming throughout the year. For instance, some of the plants like the Rozanne geranium bloom from June to October. Planting a variety of plants will also ensure your patio retains its attractiveness.", "Stone or brick are some of the materials you can use to add a unique feature to your yard patio. Bricks are long-lasting, and they bring out a natural feel, style, and class. You also have a variety of designs and colors to choose from. The colors range from traditional red to grey, brown, and even multi color options. You can assemble the bricks in your own unique design that best suits your preferences.", "Designing a captivating patio can be a daunting task, but it becomes easier when you are guided and informed. Water fountains are a unique feature. It speaks elegance to your outdoor space. If you are looking into ways to enhance your patio, a fountain will deliver exemplary results. The sight and sound of the falling waters will bring a sense of calmness and relaxation aura. It’s soothing and fascinating to watch and hear the water trickling.", "Lately, covered patios seem to have acquired significant popularity. Many homeowners are embracing covered pergolas to create comfortable and inviting outdoor spaces. As seen on Malone’s Landscape website, the shaded outdoor units are multifunctional. They can be used for a wide range of outdoor social activities or occasions like barbeques, dinners, parties, and many more.", "The shade allows you to hide away from the hot rays of the sun while enjoying the soothing warm breeze. The cover makes it a cozy recreation area. It provides an ideal hideout for your family and friends during summer while enjoying your barbecue portions. You can even add extra entertainment like TV or sound system to make it more alluring.", "Considering the countless benefits they offer, a patio could be just what you need in your home for times when you need to escape into the solace arena of nature. With the right tips, you can create an oasis of comfort and allurement in your yard. The above tips can help you design an eye-catching patio that your neighbors will probably get jealous of.", "In tough times, many Americans are relying on their gardens to get them through, with The New York Times recently publishing the headline, Food Supply Anxiety Brings Back Victory Gardens. In times of need and plenty alike, few things are quite as gratifying as having a large garden with trees that provide shade and food. Common trees you may have in your yard include American hollies, red oaks, silver maples, sugar maples and Eastern redbuds. Popular fruit trees, meanwhile, include honeycrisp apple, Lapins cherry, Harken peach, Warren pear, and Santa Rosa plum trees. If you want to ensure that the trees in your garden last a lifetime, resisting common problems and pests, the following tips may be useful.", "Trees have very specific needs when it comes to watering. For instance, newly planted trees require frequent watering, with experts recommending daily watering for up to two weeks after planting, tapering to every two or three days for the next three months or so, and culminating in just once a week of watering after the roots have stabilized. This is only a general rule, though, since watering frequency will depend on everything from the type of tree to the climate in the zone you are living in. One general tip to test for the need to water is to take an eight-inch or longer screwdriver and stab it into the soil. If it doesn’t slide into the soil further than around six inches, it is a good sign your tree needs more water.", "Fertilizer is a vital way to ensure your beautiful trees receive an optimal cocktail of nutrients, but choosing a quality product is key. Avoid those containing high levels of nitrogen as well as weed-and-feed fertilizers, since they can damage roots. Seeking advice on the best products for your specific trees is important, to ensure you aren’t doing more harm than good through your product choice. Aim to fertilize your trees every two or three years in the autumn or winter season. Make sure you reach the totality of the root area, applying product to any turf surrounding your tree as well. Be aware that some trees require less fertilization than others; for instance, applying too much fertilizer to pine trees, causes ‘leaf scorch’ and an unattractive, gapped appearance between leaf whorls on branches.", "When pruning your tree to remove broken branches, watch out for signs of disease and pest infestation. Signs are usually visible on the leaves, bark, branches and twigs. These signs can include leaf discoloration, thinning foliage, poor branch growth, holes and frass on the trunk, and roots that lift upwards. Sometimes, pests such as carpenter ants are present. While these insects don’t necessarily destroy the tree itself (since they feed on parts of the tree that are already rotten, injured or dying), they should be given due importance. Carpenter ants in trees should be eliminated quickly, since they can damage nearby structures, tunneling and chewing through wood to create nests. Other common pests include gypsy moths (which eat hardwood tree leaves), the Western tent caterpillar (which attacks aspen, fruit trees, poplar and willows, as well as other trees), and wood borers (which attack the bark of ash trees). It is a good idea to have a yearly inspection by a trusted professional to spot such problems before they cause severe damage to your tree or other parts of your property.", "Mulch is a great ally for any tree to have, since it insulates roots, helps them stay hydrated, and protects them against wear and tear. To ensure your tree benefits optimally from mulch, remove any turf beneath your tree and apply around four inches of mulch, keeping the tree base clear. There are many different types of mulch to choose from – including wood chips, grass clippings, and hay. Whichever you choose, aim to go organic, since these materials decompose, improving the quality and fertility of soil.", "Trees are a boon to many families currently undergoing tough times and seeking to literally ‘live off the land’. If you have a yard with fruit trees or you simply enjoy gathering with others beneath the shade of your favorite tree, remember to water, fertilize, apply mulch, prune, and check for pests. Most importantly, schedule an appointment with an ISA-certified arborist, who can alert you to any potential problems early, so you can take the steps you need to save your trees.", "A charming outdoor space is always invigorating to the mind and soul. However, designing this area of your home comes with several challenges, and space is one of them. If you have been wondering how you can create a stunning garden that will awe your guests and family at your abode, look no further. Below are some landscaping ideas you could use to give your small garden some life.", "Creating a lush, welcoming garden shouldn’t be complicated. Landscaping with pots can add extra space when gardening in a small backyard. You can grow a wide range of potted plants, including creepers, ornamentals, herbs, and much more. Some could even be hung or placed on the ground. Integrating pots into your landscaping is also cheaper. Doing this will also help you add more color to your yard. The best part of it is that pots are mobile. You can change them after some time to break up the monotonous look. Add some uniqueness by choosing pots with visual appeal. You can use metal buckets, barrels, teapots, or whatever suits your style.", "Every backyard needs a nook where you can relax from the turbulence of life. Consider setting some space aside in your small garden where you can relax alone and read a book, welcome guests, or nap in a chair or a hammock. You only need to select the right spot in your backyard with minimal noise, preferably one with a wall and a surrounded hedge. It should be placed for privacy away from the house. Add some seats with pillows and blankets to keep you warm and cozy at night. Ensure it is surrounded by some potted plants, especially creepers, herbs, and a few trees where possible.", "Walkway lights can go a long way in improving the visual appeal of your garden. Ensure you choose the ideal lighting for your yard to supplement the landscaping and the architectural hallmarks of your home. You can install geometrical structures or tall angled lights with more illumination coverage. The walkway lighting should give you a stunning view and set the right mood for your outdoor space. It should be relaxing as you enjoy the surroundings, the trees, flowers, and plants around.", "A garden path connects distinct areas in the garden. The paths in your garden should be inviting and encourage an expedition. With the help of an expert landscaper, you can create subtle, curvy paths with a fun and interesting look. This helps enrich your landscaping design as the contours create curiosity about what’s lying around the corner. Complement the meandering paths with an attractive trail of beautiful blossoming plants. You can use pebble stones, bricks or gravel, or granite stepping stones on the walking surface.", "Whether you are making a garden from scratch or modifying an old one, landscaping can be quite puzzling, especially in a small backyard. Despite the space limitations, you can transform your small garden space into a marvelous haven of greenery. Along with the few tips above, all you need is a little creativity and perhaps some professional help to create a lasting statement in your small garden space.", "2020’s COVID-19 pandemic forced people to retreat into their homes under government-imposed lockdown orders. While this was a major inconvenience, it also provided a great opportunity for us to focus on home improvements. Spending more time in our homes provided the much-needed motivation for some people to kick-start those projects they’d been putting off for years. For many people, their outdoor spaces became a tranquil retreat. With limited opportunity to get outdoors, we began to appreciate our small outdoor spaces and gardens in a greater capacity.", "As lockdown measures ease in some places, many of us will continue to invest in these outdoor spaces. Installing a greenhouse is one such project. While it may seem like quite an intense job, there are lots of greenhouse kits available, which means it’s highly likely that you’ll find something suitable for your space. If a greenhouse is something you are pondering, these are some of the best greenhouse kits on the market currently.", "Having a greenhouse enables you to have access to quality, fresh vegetables all year round. Being able to have your own herbs during the winter is very satisfying. While hardier vegetables such as cabbage and brussel sprouts can grow well under tough wintery conditions, this isn’t the case for more delicate vegetables such as lettuce. The year-round growing conditions provided by your greenhouse will allow you to grow more fresh produce than a regular vegetable patch would. Furthermore, by growing your own organic produce, you can be secure in the knowledge that your veggies haven’t been sprayed with chemical pesticides making these considerably better quality than you’d find at your local supermarket.", "Focusing your attention on gardening and being outdoors is known to be good for your mental health. Taking some time out in natural settings can provide relief from mental fatigue by slowing down the heart rate, reducing blood pressure and generally making people feel less anxious. Building your own little indoor nature sanctuary by starting a greenhouse project and watching your hard work reap the rewards will also offer you a huge sense of satisfaction.", "Not only is gardening known for being great in terms of a person’s mental health, but it also has a positive effect on the environment. Homegrown fruit and vegetables tend to be pesticide-free. Having access to fresh produce right on your doorstep will save you a few drives to the supermarket. Furthermore, avoiding the supermarket will mean you won’t need all those plastic or paper bags, which will limit unnecessary waste.", "Adding a functional element like a greenhouse adds value to your property. Landscaping your garden serves to make the property more appealing to potential buyers and a greenhouse takes things to another level by providing the perfect place to incubate new plants and more delicate seedlings. In turn, this allows you to upgrade your landscape garden for a much lower cost than purchasing these.", "It’s evident that there are plenty of good reasons to make the addition of a greenhouse your next big investment when it comes to improving your outdoor space. Not only can it be a thing of beauty, but a greenhouse is also very functional. While the decreasing size of gardens can make adding a traditional greenhouse a bit of a challenge, greenhouse kits are now being made available in smaller sizes, too.", "A backyard pond might look great on a magazine cover. But they require a lot of time and effort to create. So, are they worth it? To help you make up your mind, let’s look at some of the benefits a pond can provide.", "One of the biggest reasons why you might want to purchase a pond is to create a stunning feature in the backyard. There are plenty of ways that you’ll be able to create a beautiful pond. For example, you might want to add some water-based plants. Things like lily pads and flowering plants can be a great choice, adding some color to the pool. Another great option is to add some fish. You might also want to put in a rock boundary. In some cases, you might want to put in a water feature. This can be something like a waterfall or fountain. The way you set-up your background pond can be as simple or elaborate as you like.", "Another way to help your pond stand out is by adding lights. It’s best to get some that are run on solar power, so you won’t need to pay high electricity costs. There are many ways that you can use lights. For example, you might want to put them underwater to show the movement of the fish in the water. In other cases, you might want to put a spotlight on water features.", "While a pond can be great for humans, it can also be good for the planet. A pond can serve a few critical environmental features. First, you might be able to save money. Once a pond has been filled up, you’ll be able to rely on rainwater to top it up. This can be compared to the lawn or garden, which require consistent inputs of water to grow. A pond will also support the local ecosystem. For example, birds and frogs will often visit the pond. This can be a great tool for teaching young children about biodiversity and the ecosystem.", "It’s important to look after your mental health. One of the best ways to do this is by taking the time to de-stress. A pond can be a great place to do this. You can sit back and watch the fishes swim. Or you can listen to the calming cascade of a waterfall. In some cases, you’ll be able to enjoy watching the birds playing in the water.", "It’s easy to create a relaxing area around the pond. First, you’ll want to get some bench seating. Pick an outdoor furniture unit, so it will be able to withstand the wind and rain. Then, you’ll need to get some shade. This can be natural, placing the bench under a tree. In other cases, you might need to use an umbrella. If you want to go the extra mile, put in a sound system, so you can listen to your favorite music while watching the pond.", "No-one wants to sit in their backyard and listen to the traffic drive past. However, in some locations, you won’t have a choice. Thankfully, there is a way to stop this problem. You’ll need to install a waterfall in your pond. This will mask the noise coming from the street. It will also serve an important role, aerating the water so the fish will be able to use it. The good news is that there are plenty of water features for you to choose from.", "Another benefit of owning a pool is being able to stay cool during the warm summer months. On hot days, water will heat up. This results in evaporation. This process cools the surrounding air, similar to how the human body cools through sweating.", "Maintaining a backyard pond can be a lot of fun. For example, you’ll need to care for the fish and plants. This can be a relaxing task, helping you connect with nature. There’s also a sense of satisfaction that comes with watching the fish grow older, and the plants start to mature. In some cases, you might even be able to breed the fish, establishing future generations.", "Some people want to put in a lawn to break up their yard. Looking out on a flat, featureless green lawn can be boring. Why not put in a pond to add some visual intrigue. As we mentioned, once installed, the pond will often be easier to maintain than a lawn.", "When people are buying homes, one of the most important things they are looking for is an emotional connection. This creates strong memories, making them picture themselves living in your house. A pond can be a great way of forming an emotional connection. In this case, the buyer will imagine themselves relaxing by the pond, listening to the waterfall. Because of this, you’ll be able to get a higher price for the property. It’s also a good way of selling the home faster.", "Finally, you’ll often find that a pond becomes a natural place of congregation for friends and family. It can be a place to go to a party for a more private conversation. At other times, you might want to sit down and relax by the water with your friends.", "As we’ve seen, there are plenty of reasons why you might want to consider building a backyard pond. The good news is that it doesn’t need to be difficult. All you need is a few simple materials to get started, like pond liners. These will hold the water, stopping it from seeping into the soil. They’ll also be tough enough to withstand damage, so your pond will last for a long time. For more information and to find the right ones for you, check out this pond liners compilation. So, start work on building your dream pond today to experience the joys that it can provide.", "A 9-month long work-from-home study conducted by Stanford reported that employee performance rose by 13 percent in comparison to office working, thus giving about an extra day worth of work output in a week.", "If you’re looking to build such a space in your home, then building a garden house is the best option.", "Nowadays, people are really interested in searching for ways to build garden rooms on their property. A simple online search like https://gardenofficerooms.co.uk/ will give you plenty of options to guide you in building a garden room just outside your home.", "You can attach a garden room as an extension to your house. However, most people prefer to build it as a standalone construction.", "The best part is that you can tailor-create a garden room to fit as an office, studio, home gym, etc.", "No Special Permission Requirements: Special planning permissions are required when considering loft conversions or extensions to your house. In the case of building a garden room, permission from authorities is seldom required.", "However, there are several restrictions to build a garden room without permission. For instance, the maximum height cannot exceed 2.5m, the garden room should not be located on the main front wall, etc.", "Cheaper to Build: As there are no permissions or paperwork requirements in most cases, you can build a garden room on a quite cheap budget, in comparison to home extensions.", "Multi-Functional Space: A garden room need not just be your office space. As mentioned above, the garden room can be your home gym, hangout place, or just a place where you can relax and feel at ease without going elsewhere.", "However, there are ways by which you can save up quite a lot of money while building a garden room.", "Install Ready-Made Garden Rooms: There are several ready-made garden rooms that you can purchase and install within your home space without any construction required.", "If you choose to complete the installation yourself, then you can additionally save on costs which otherwise would be spent on hiring professionals.", "As these professional companies deal with lots of clients, they can easily provide you with a garden room design that matches your property and home.", "So, make sure to follow all the local guidelines in place while setting up / building a garden room to ensure that you do not have to spend any money on obtaining permissions.", "In case you have already built a garden room, do leave your suggestions and experiences as comments below to help others out.", "Every experienced gardener knows that they must have the necessary gadgets to help them in their hobby. If you have a parent who loves gardening, you may realize that they may have everything they need when it comes to pots, fungicide, and other needs for their plants. Still, there are likely to be some gadgets that are missing from their arsenal. Here are a few that you should consider:", "Weeds are a gardener’s worst enemy. A considerable part of maintaining their garden is often spent on weeding. Those who want to make sure that they can spend their time potting and repotting their plants should make sure they have a thermal weeder. This gadget helps to blast away weeds with a temperature that can reach up to 600 degrees Celsius. Even deep-rooted weeds are easily killed within minutes. Since it utilizes temperature, there’s no need to use dangerous chemicals that can harm their plants.", "Serious gardeners know how important it is to have their own compost pile at home. These compost piles can grow into compost heaps that will usually take several months of turning. Not only is this time-consuming, but it is also back-breaking. Having a rolling composter can get this job done within weeks. All you have to do is to place all your waste ingredients into the composter and roll it, cutting down on any back-breaking hours spent on your compost mounds.", "Gardeners need to check the quality of their soil before planting anything always. Often, these gardeners will use an old-fashioned kit. Since soil quality will usually change, it can be a time-consuming activity. With a digital soil tester, it will be easier to check for soil quality with a simple touch of the button. The great thing about this tester is that it can also help them test their garden whenever they like.", "Most gardeners will have tools for pruning, hoeing, cutting, grafting, and even trimming, but most of them will never think about buying a sharpener, a special piece of gear that can help them sharpen a multitude of their tools. So if you have the same issue, you should consider having a multi-tool sharpener.", "A gardener will spend a lot of time potting and repotting their plants. When plants need to propagate, gardeners will need to put their little plant babies into their own little pots. To make the process as organized as possible, it needs to be done on an organized work station. For many gardeners, their potting areas often end up cluttered. One way to prevent this is to have a mobile potting bench that you can easily take around your garden.", "If you are a gardener, you probably spend most of your time outdoors, perhaps even in extreme weather. If you want to be able to continue gardening while indoors, you should buy yourself an herb aero garden. It is a great alternative if your indoors do not have the appropriate lighting to accommodate most of your plants.", "When you think of a gift for your parents, you always have to think about their hobbies. If they are avid gardeners and love to play with soil and plant many different species, gifting them with these gardening gadgets will surely be a hit.", "If you’re unfamiliar with teak, it’s a large tree that’s grown in tropical forests. Its superior ability to resist elements in comparison to other woods is why it’s often used to make outdoor furniture. While it’s very resistant, it still has to be treated. If not treated, it can fade to a greyish color. Staining helps to prevent the fading from happening. It’s a simple process that just requires the right tools and techniques. Here’s how to properly stain your teak furniture.", "Before you stain your teak furniture, you have to sand and smooth out the wood first. Take a dry paper towel and brush off any dirt, dust, or debris. If some spots are a little harder to remove, use a wet rag to rub the area clean. Any grease, dust, or dirt left on the surface of your wood will cause the stain to not properly adhere. Avoid any use of cleaning products. It will make staining more difficult and also potentially damage your wood.", "Move your hand over the furniture to locate rough spots in the wood. If there are areas that have to be sanded down to match the rest of the surface, use 120 grit sandpaper to do it. As you’re sanding, frequently check to see if the spot has become even with the rest of the wood. When you’re doing that, you’ll need to ensure the surface is even and ready to absorb the wood stain. Use 220 grit sandpaper to sand the entire surface until it feels smooth and even.", "It will open up the pores of the wood, allowing for the stain to more efficiently adhere to the surface. Be sure you’re sanding along the grain, so you don’t risk scratching up the wood. Afterward, wipe off any wood dust with a dry rag.", "Take a foam brush to paint a layer of sanding sealer on the wood. It will make the surface smoother and help give your wood stain a better grip. Dilute your sealer with mineral spirits if you want to achieve a lighter color. After the sealer has started drying, grab a clean cloth, and wipe off any remaining sealer that’s pooled atop the wood. Doing this will reduce the possibility of spots or blotches forming on the wood and keep your surface smooth. The sealer needs to be dried completely. It will likely only take a few hours for this to happen. When completely dry, sand the surface a few more times with 220 grit sandpaper. It will ensure any spots where your sealer didn’t dry evenly are smoothed out. After sanding, wipe off any remaining residue with a rag.", "Several tools are useful for painting on the stain. You can use a bristle, a foam, or even a cloth dipped in stain. You’ll want to apply an even coat all over the wood. If there are parts of the furniture you want to avoid staining, you can use masking tape to protect those areas. Wood stain can come in a water-based formula or an oil-based formula. While water-based formulas tend to be more common, oil-based will potentially last longer.", "After staining, wipe off any excess amounts not absorbed by the wood with a clean, dry rag. Make sure it’s a rag you don’t mind getting dirty, as the stain can be tough to get washed out. Keep in mind that the longer you leave the stain on before wiping, the darker it will be. The amount of time that it will take for your stain to dry completely depends on the thickness of the layer you used. You don’t want to touch the stain too much if it’s still wet. Otherwise, you could end up with a blotchy, uneven coat.", "When the first coat of stain is dry, observe the wood’s color and determine if you’re satisfied with it. If you decide that you want the furniture to be darker, add a second coat of wood stain on top of the previous layer. Repeat the same process as before. After repeating the process, you can use a clean brush to paint the finish if you’ve got the desired color. Once the finish is applied, give it time to try. Be mindful that there are three main types of finish.", "Oil finishes look the closest like wood. Unfortunately, this finish isn’t the best for protecting wood and shouldn’t be used on outdoor furniture. Lacquer finishes can give an attractive look while also providing durability to the wood. Be mindful that this finish will require multiple coats. Polyurethane finishes tend to be the best in protecting wood, as it’s effective in even repelling water.", "You can mix and match colors like cream and tan. With accent colors, pay attention to the undertones that are on the stain your teak has. Teak often has an orange undertone. If your goal is to bring out this color, go with the opposite color on a color wheel chart. The opposite one, in this case, would be blue.", "If there are some gouges or rough areas in the furniture, try using a wood filler before you stain it. If you want some idea of what color you’ll get from staining your teak furniture, use these steps on a plank of teak first. Then, you’ll be able to know if you’re using the right stain or finish to get the kind of color you want to achieve. It will also be good practice for doing these steps correctly. It’s important to remember that wood stain can cause your skin to be irritated. It’s best to wear rubber gloves whenever you’re staining teak.", "Teak furniture can be one of the most useful styles to consider selecting for your outdoor furniture. Properly maintaining it through staining is necessary to prevent fading. Following all of these tips will help you keep your outdoor furniture looking nice for a long time. Here’s where you can learn more about Garden Furniture Teak.", "Everyone wants to have a lawn that is the envy of the neighborhood. The problem is that many people simply don’t have the time or the ability to keep their grass looking great all year long. With schedules getting busier every year, not everyone wants to spend their weekends mowing and fertilizing their lawns.", "Having a great lawn takes more than just sticking to a regular mowing schedule. Every lawn is different and needs special attention to keep it looking its best. Proper watering, aerating, and feeding are essential to keeping your lawn healthy. Most people don’t have the knowledge or experience to know how to handle lawn problems when they come up.", "Hiring a lawn service like lawn.com.au mowing may seem unnecessary, but the benefits can be worth the money and the convenience. Let’s take a look at some of the amazing benefits of hiring a lawn service.", "Most homeowners are genuinely lost when it comes to keeping their lawn healthy and looking great. Factors like how often their lawn needs watering and proper fertilization are a mystery to most people. If you don’t have the proper knowledge or experience, you could do more damage than good by attempting to do it yourself.", "When you hire a lawn service, you will have the advantage of working with professionals. Lawn care experts know what needs to be done to avoid damage.", "Cutting the lawn is a manual labor chore that can be too much for a lot of homeowners. Many people end up with aches, pains or even injuries from cutting and maintaining the lawn.", "Seniors are especially at risk for heat exhaustion or falling when left to manage their lawn. Anyone that struggles with mobility or health issues can benefit from bringing in a lawn service to take care of the labor.", "You may wonder how dishing out cash to bring in a lawn service can save you money, but it’s true. When you add up the costs of mowing equipment, lawn fertilizers, seed, edgers, and your time every week, it becomes clear that you can save money by bringing in a lawn service. These professionals show up with all of their own equipment, chemicals and staff to take care of your lawn at no extra expense.", "Even with the most careful maintenance, it’s inevitable for your lawn to have problem spots. The amount of time that needs to be invested in these areas can leave your grass looking less than perfect.", "Professionals can spot small issues before they become unsightly problems. With a regular cutting and fertilizing schedule, you can count on your lawn looking great from week to week.", "You can have the most unique and stylish home on the block, but without a well-maintained lawn, your property will struggle with curb appeal. A neat and lush lawn equals an attractive home. Impress your neighbors and bring up the value of your home with a great yard all year long.", "Hiring a lawn service has more benefits than just relieving you of grass cutting duties on your precious weekends. If you want the best looking lawn in the neighborhood, give your property a neat and attractive appearance and consider a lawn service for your home today.", "If you’re a fan of gardening, then occasional rainfall is always a pleasure to see. It saves you from having to water your garden the manual way, right? But everything in excess is never an ideal situation—and that includes rainfall.", "Excess rain water is likely to cause soil erosion. This is generally an undesirable situation whereby excess water is running over soil.", "Soil erosion will unfortunately strip soil of its most valuable nutrients, leaving it infertile. Your hopes of a beautiful garden with healthy flowers can become nearly impossible. Your only alternative in this regard will be to conduct expensive soil treatments to restore the fertility. We’ll quickly add that it’s no cheap exercise.", "By installing a rain gutter system, you instantly avoid costly soil treatments and a messy garden. But we can’t emphasize enough the importance of engaging the services of a professional in rain gutter installation such as the cityseamless.com team. This way the job is done properly the first time so you’ll get your system to perform effectively.", "Installing a rain gutter system on your property is only the first step. You need to carry out regular maintenance of the system to ensure that it’s functioning optimally and prevent the problems we mentioned.", "Part of regular maintenance includes cleaning the rain gutter. It’s not uncommon for foreign objects—especially leaves—to get stuck in the rain gutter. This obstructs the proper flow of water, rendering the system ineffective.", "If you have the tools and DIY skills, you can do this job yourself. It will also save you some money. Just be sure to do the following:", "Use a leaf blower or hose for the task. Make sure you wear a face mask to prevent debris from getting into your eyes while blowing.", "Not all water can be removed by the blower. Keep a garden tool nearby to scoop out water by hand.", "Installing a rain gutter system on your property should never be viewed as an unnecessary expense but rather an investment in your home. Your garden needs it and your resale value will soar. Everybody wins!", "If you’re an enthusiastic gardener, it’s amazing how you lose track of time while tending to your garden, right? It’s such a satisfying feeling seeing your plants blossom and grow. But did you know you can do even more for your plants when controlling the temperatures in your greenhouse?", "Not all greenhouses are identical. Each greenhouse has a unique design and structure. If you’re a greenhouse manager, your first task is to ascertain the cooling and heating systems required for your specific greenhouse. If you’re simply an enthusiast that turned your backyard shack into a greenhouse, the same applies.", "Testing different cooling solutions is essential for your specific greenhouse to ensure you achieve the ideal temperature for optimal growth. Look at it as a trial and error exercise.", "You don’t have to go to the extreme with expensive chillers and heating systems to get your greenhouse functioning efficiently. Keep it simple with low-cost cooling methods such as shade cloths and circulating fans.", "Something as simple and inexpensive as a shade cloth or curtain can lower the temperature inside the greenhouse significantly. Use a smart cooling method for effective temperature control. The only drawback of using shade cloths is you’ll have to consider light will be blocked out. Some plants in the greenhouse need light, so be careful of how much of this method you implement.", "Accuserv air conditioning and repair services know all too well the benefits of ventilation; the same is true for greenhouse managers and owners. They know there are several ways to ventilate a greenhouse. You can either use an open roof or sidewalls that open up to allow air to flow to lower temperatures in your greenhouse.", "If you decide to use the open roof or sidewall method, to maximize the cooling effect, make a note of the direction of the wind.", "If you pride yourself on being a respectable greenhouse manager, then you should know circulating fans are useful tools used to control temperatures. These fans allow the air to flow optimally inside the greenhouse.", "The circulating fans work well to keep temperatures consistent. They push out warm air and hold cold air down to make sure the area doesn’t overheat.", "Continue to enjoy your time in your greenhouse when using these easy tips for controlling temperatures more effectively. The methods listed are cost- effective and straightforward so that you can implement them immediately. Let your fingers do the pruning and enjoy better-controlled temperatures for your green buds.", "We want to hear if you have any other tips to share on controlling temperatures in a greenhouse. Leave a comment below and help others in your position.", "Having trees in your yard can provide a lot of benefits. For one, trees can improve the aesthetic value and curb appeal of your property. Trees can also utilize your outdoor space and provide better air quality.", "However, when you’re leaving rotten trees in your yard, that’s another story. Rotten trees can be dangerous for you, your family, your property and everyone who’s living around you.", "Professional tree trimming services, such as Bellarine Tree Services, ensures that the trees on your property are healthy and well-maintained.", "If you don’t hire them and opt to leave rotten trees in your yard, you might experience the following dangers:", "You saved a lot of money in order to afford a property for your family. You might even have taken out several loans just to buy a home. All of the things you’ve invested in your property will be useless if your family isn’t safe in it.", "When you leave rotten trees in your yard, you’re increasing the chances of inflicting injuries to all of your family members.", "Trees are like human beings. They need certain nutrients and moisture in order to be strong and healthy. When trees are already rotten, it means that they’re already brittle and can easily fall.", "When your area is prone to harsh weather conditions, strong winds can cause the branches and limbs to fall, which can result in bruises, cuts, and injuries to your family.", "Your house will be useless if you don’t have electricity. How else can you use your appliances if you don’t have any power? How can you make your home cool when your HVAC system isn’t functioning?", "Without a doubt, electricity plays a vital role in your own and your family’s comfort at home. However, when you’re leaving rotten trees in your yard, your electricity supply might be compromised.", "As mentioned, rotten trees are already weak. When they fall, nearby power and utility lines can be affected, as well. In some cases, these can even fall altogether with the branches and limbs.", "Sure, having no electricity at home can be inconvenient; no one wants to fan themselves just to sleep well at night, right? Have you considered the effects of the situation to people who are dependent on electrical devices? How long do you think the seniors can survive without power?", "There are a lot of tree trimming services operating across the globe. For you to find one that suits your needs and budget, take the time to scout for options. Ask for recommendations from your friends, and do your own research online. The more informed you are about a particular tree trimming service, the easier it’ll be for you to choose.", "The rustic look has become extremely popular for interior and exterior home styles. Whether your entire look is completed using a historical flair or you have one or two central pieces that you want to show off, you can now apply a safe weather resistant finish to your outdoor furniture.", "The techniques that are used by many DIY decorators involve stripping and distressing the wood using oxalic acid wood bleach, but sometimes they don’t hold up to the elements. This has limited many people to keep their rustic pieces indoors only. But, not anymore.", "Now, with the introduction of a protective additive, you can finish your benches, tables and other garden accents with ease. You won’t have to worry about damage from rain, UV rays or wind when you protect your rustic finished items properly.", "When you have worked so hard on a piece to create that perfect rustic worn look, the last thing that you want to do is have it ruined by the weather. If you love to use natural mediums like milk paint to decorate and style your pieces, you can now protect them all in one step. The outdoor additive is added directly to your mixed paint and not put on after. It is not meant to be used as a top coat to an already painted item.", "Simply mix your paint with the additive solution and apply like you would normally. The additive has a borax base that helps protect your wood items from the elements and prevents your paint from prematurely aging and ruining the rustic effect. There is no lacquer needed when you use your milk paint with an additive included.", "When you are looking to complete an antique piece with a period appropriate finish, you can’t go wrong by choosing a non-toxic product like milk paint. That being said, milk paint is not known to be durable when exposed to the elements. By adding this adapted borax compound you can now protect your wood and your finish from outdoor deterioration.", "Although the outdoor additive has a borax compound complex, it still remains one of the most environmentally friendly finish options.", "The outdoor additive acts as a powerful stain blocker. When you are using soft or sappy woods like cedar or pine, the outdoor additive will help to block tannins from bleeding through your rustic finish.", "The borax based additive works as an excellent antibacterial agent and mold inhibitor. With unprotected items you may soon start to see spore buildup in areas that have absorbed too much moisture from being outdoors.", "The outdoor additive will turn your pieces into flame retardant items. Although, being constructed of older wood in many cases, any item that is treated with milk paint with an outdoor additive will be resistant to heat and flame.", "When you put your wood furniture outdoors the paint can quickly start to fade or peel from sun exposure. With the outdoor additive used with milk paint, you will get superior UV protection, keeping all of your outdoor projects looking great for many years.", "Spring graces us every year with blue skies, long days, green trees and flowers blooming everywhere. With these positive changes, many of us feel drawn to nature and awaits warm nights that will be perfect for a bonfire or a grill in the wild. It’s also the perfect time to bring your dreamy garden to life as well. Are you going to add up the trees to the design or are you more of a flowers type of person? Will you focus on many species or you’d rather have the harmony and uniformity? Read our guide to see what can you do to make the design outstanding and enchanting. You don’t have to be a professional to make the dream come true. Are you ready?", "When you see the painting, you don’t only look at the focus area but at the background as well. The same rule applies to your garden. The most magnificent flowers and trees, the gorgeous design will look poorly if the loan won’t be kept in its best shape. A lawn that’s well taken care of is the garden’s exceptional decoration. A green, carpet-like base is the perfect base for any vegetation. But why the lawn doesn’t always look so perfect?", "It all depends on how you take care of it. When seeding the lawn in the spring, you should make sure that you do it evenly at every part of the garden. If you have a large parcel, instead of spreading seeds manually, invest better in a spreader that will do it for you. With this device, you will also spread a fertilizer that will help your young grass to root and grow. It’s not necessary, but it sure will make your life easier. If you need help or can’t justify buying a professional spreader, contact those regularly recommended landscape gardeners from Edinburgh.", "In the beginning, you have to water your lawn even twice a week. Later, when the grass start rooting, you can cool down the watering to 2 times a week. The best time for this is in the morning. Avoid using water in the warmest time of the day, as it damages the grass. Evening watering is not the best idea because of long-lasting moisture — this can lead to fungal diseases.", "Full of colours, shapes and scents but easy to maintain. It does sound like a dream! If you’re new to the gardening, you should know that maintaining the grass is easier and faster than taking care of the flowers. Maybe you’re able to focus on your garden and spend the time necessary to keep it at order at all times, you can get loads of flowers and little trees. If you can’t do that, make the flower space smaller.", "When planning a garden, leave places where you can plant flowers. Pay attention to whether these are shaded or sunlit areas — it depends on what species of plants you can plant there, to bloom nicely. Separate the flowers from the lawn with a special ribbon, barriers or rocks.", "It’s no secret that some flowers like to be in the sun all the time, while some fancy shadowy corners. Before you plant them, teach yourself on the preferred placement in the garden. Most of the flowers like the sunny areas, so if it’s your first time in your own garden, choose those that are easy to plant. If you have a lot of shadows caused by the high-rise fence or old trees, go for azalea that is evergreen or David’s harp, that grows fast and doesn’t really need any additional time. Choose the flower placement wisely to get the most blooming effect possible. If you follow the direction, the flora will pay you back with an enchanting look.", "When improving the exterior of your home, gardens, and landscaping are an excellent way to add color, personality, character, and uniqueness to a home. But for many people, a garden is about more than just the aesthetics, it’s also a hobby that they are passionate about and take pride in cultivating. The “perfect” garden isn’t typically one that is thrown together without thought or planning, rather there is a real design behind it. That design needs to take into consideration a number of factors in order for it to thrive and be as lovely as you have envisioned.", "To help ensure that your new garden is a success, here are five tips you can use during the design process.", "When you first plant your flowers and shrubs, it’s hard to imagine just how big they will get, but this is essential to factor in your design. You always want to allow enough room for growth over the coming years, so that means keeping your garden or the plantings back from patio edges, fences, walkways, and more. If you don’t give everything enough space to truly thrive, the garden will end up looking crowded and growth can be stunted.", "This goes hand-in-hand with the abovementioned tip. Be careful not to over- plant and over-fill your brand-new space. Sure, the garden is going to look a little sparse for that first year or two, but with patience and proper garden maintenance, it will flourish and fill in.", "When it comes to choosing what to plant, picking items you think look “pretty” just won’t cut it. You need to be well aware of your soil and light conditions.", "Another tip is to mix up what you’re planting and pick a variety of perennials and annuals. Perennials will come back each year, typically getting bigger and fuller each year that passes.", "Annuals are a great way to add that bright pop of color to your garden each year. You can change up the flowers you pick, the height, the fullness, the placement, and even the color scheme.", "As for choosing flower colors for your annuals, KG Landscape suggests using the color wheel for inspiration and using color schemes. Some of the most common color schemes are white on white, warm colors, bright colors, cool colors, and pastels. Monochromatic color schemes can also be quite striking.", "Now before you go ahead and pop all your plants and flowers in the ground, you also want to prepare the soil. A proper air supply is essential so they may require fresh soil, compost, and even mulch.", "If there was ever a perfect time to grow hemp in America, it is now. For the first time in over 80 years, farmers can play the hemp game without looking over their shoulders, thanks to the passage of the Farm Bill in 2018.", "The legislation allows farmers to legally grow the cash crop for both personal and commercial use. Now, hemp wholesale companies, retailers, farmers, and many other entities would love to know more about growing hemp for various uses.", "In this guide, we explore farming and commercial of CBD-hemp in detail. We will give you a rundown on the growing process right from the basics of growing the hemp cone until it is converted into CBD biomass.", "Firstly you need to understand that there are three categories of it: fiber, grain, and high-CBD varieties. Here’s a succinct explanation of each variety:", "Fiber: This type of hemp produces long fibers and biomass and is primarily used in textiles, building materials, paper, composites, fuel, and more.", "Grain: Thanks to their high fatty acid, protein, and fiber content, grain hemp is utilized for food and nutritional needs. Essentially, these varieties produce low cannabinoid content than their counterparts.", "Cannabinoid (CBD) hemp: These are the most sought-after strains of hemp since they find use in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. They are grown as female species for better yields and zero seed production. This is where the money is.", "Before growing cannabinoid hemp, it is always a good idea to find out what the law says about it. Once you understand the legalities and obtain the necessary approvals, the steps followed in growing the crop include the following:", "Choice of Equipment: The first thing is to select the farming equipment to use for planting, harvesting, and extraction the CBD.", "Planting and Weeding: Typically, the planting season begins the end of May till the first week of June. Hemp clones, provided by in-state processors, are transplanted into 40” rows on the ground. After planting, the hemp needs to have sufficient moisture to fix the roots. Weeding is done using hoes or row cultivation. No herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides are allowed.", "Harvesting: CBD hemp grows rapidly within the first 60 days. When it reaches maturity, the field will have to be inspected for male plants as these can cause pollination and a drop in the CBD concentration. After between 100 and 120 days, the female-only crop would be heavy with cannabinoid content both on its flowers and biomass, yet less than 0.3% THC. Once harvesting is done, the crop is dragged down to any available drying point—a rack, shed, tobacco barn, fan, dehumidifiers, mechanical dryers, and even straight to extraction.", "CBD hemp farming is quite intensive but if done right, it can be a goldmine. The success of the process lies in understanding all the laws associated with hemp and choosing the right equipment. The rest is mostly trial and error alongside wit and instinct.", "As the cost of living and groceries continues to increase, many people are starting to think about growing their own vegetables at home. To do it right so you get a good yield of edible vegetables, you have to consider many things — the complexities of soil type, the amount of sunshine per day, what seeds or strains to use, and more. As a beginner, you will have a lot to learn a lot about gardening to make it worth your time.", "If you want to get started you don’t have to worry about it being a chore. Here are some of the best vegetables to try growing as a beginner.", "Cucumbers are excellent for beginners for a few reasons. First, you can use them in a variety of ways in your cooking — make pickles, add them to salads, to drinks, make cucumber loaf, and so on. Second, there are two varieties of cucumbers — vining and bush cucumbers — that are different enough that you can learn about how to alter your technique. Vining cucumbers crawl up a trellis, fence or on soil where they flaunt their lush, green leaves. On the other hand, bush cucumbers yield in small gardens and containers you can put them inside your custom barn homes.", "Cucumbers can be seeded indoors or transplanted in the ground but should be done not earlier than two weeks after the last frost. Because these veggies adore sunshine, grow them where they can be soaked in the heat and the light of solar power and not under the shade of trees. Make sure the soil is fertile, moist, neutral or highly alkaline, well-drained and not soggy.", "Both onions and garlic spices are probably the easiest to take care of since they are better able to fight off diseases and can grow in certain climate conditions. Also, both are planted and grown in almost the same way and require almost the same types or level of soil, watering and sunlight. If you want to maximize the yield and want to get bigger bulbs or cloves, you can fertilize the soil with nitrogen every few weeks.", "Fresh lettuce of multiple varieties, like romaine or iceberg, can be harvested in large amounts when you plant them in mild temperature with frequent watering. However, they tend not to fare so well during the warmer parts of the summer. Potatoes can survive in containers so you can have them indoors if the garden is full. Just keep the soil moist by watering daily.", "Having your own garden does not just make you self-reliant. Also, it brings you fun even when you’re doing it while the sun strikes very hot or the cold temperature creeps in to your bones. For a start, you do not need to put pressure on yourself to get everything done impeccably. You just need to take it easy first, learn the ropes of gardening until you master it.", "There was a time when we had to rely only on sunlight before our crops can grow. But with more studies and research, it has been discovered that, LED grow lights can help the plants grow naturally. Today, many farmers and agricultural professionals have come to embrace this latest trend.", "There are many LED grow lights that are on sale and not every one of them really works. You can easily get distracted by different models and end up choosing the wrong LED lights. Here are 8 things to look out for in LED Grow Lights", "If you have to run your LED grow light for up to 10 to 11 hours every day, make sure you choose a LED light within 300W to 500W with high output so that you get good result without having your electricity bill shooting up.", "Good quality LED grow light can last up to 10 years. Preferably, US products have more durable grow lights than many other products.", "Too much heat can damage your plant and give the adverse effect. You want to protect your plant even as they are encouraged to grow. Therefore, choose a LED grow light with balanced heat output that uses less energy.", "Some plants do better with the blue and red spectrum light present. Full spectrum also includes ultraviolet and infrared lights too. With these present, your plant will have what it requires to really grow.", "There are different lights for different plants. You must make sure that the LED grow light you are going for is suitable for the plant you intend growing. Flowers need lesser grow lights than tomatoes. You also need to find out if the light will serve you for the first cycle or the total growing cycle.", "A good quality LED grow light is easy to use and yet, very efficient. You won’t need to spend the whole day trying to figure out how to best position it. Look for the one that its light intensity and wavelength can be adjusted.", "LED grow lights are very durable when you get the good one. So, if yours if offering anything less than 10 years warranty, it could be an indication that the manufacturer is not sure of the quality of his product.", "Semiconductor chip in LED grow lights is what helps them convert electrical power to grow light and also determines the right wavelength. If the light’s chip is at least up to 3 watts, you can be sure that it will give your plants enough illumination.", "Are you living in or moving to Liberty Hill? While the area is great for luxury activities such as camping and hiking thanks to its natural beauty, you can also utilize the vast landscape and ideal climate with greenhouse farming.", "We’ve taken the liberty to highlight some of the most common greenhouse crops you can plant that are highly profitable, so you can turn your hobby into a lucrative business.", "Before deciding on which crops are the best for planting in a greenhouse farm, there are a few factors you to consider.", "Do you want to grow single or multiple crops? Experts strongly recommend that you stick to a single crop so you can concentrate all your time, effort and resources to ensure it grows healthy and lush. This is because taking on different kinds of crops at the same time will require different and specialized needs with regards to:", "If you’re new to the greenhouse farming business – or farming altogether – it’s advisable to start with a crop that’s easier to grow and monitor until harvest time.", "You’ll also need to determine exactly how much space you have in your backyard for a greenhouse. This is important for estimating the costs involved with a crop you are considering.", "Fruits and vegetables are the most common type of crop that can thrive in greenhouse environments. We list a few examples below.", "Tomatoes are among the common crops that many greenhouse farmers prefer planting because of how many you can grow. They’re also very profitable, with almost every household using tomatoes in some fashion in their usual diet.", "Lettuce is another favorite crop among greenhouse enthusiasts. It can be profitable, but it’s also relatively easy to grow for beginners or casual farmers. There are also many different kinds of lettuce that you can grow.", "Cucumbers are a highly profitable vegetable to grow because of how versatile they are in catering and cooking. They are not as popular as tomatoes or lettuce, because they are not as easy to keep fresh after harvesting. Nonetheless, if you grow organic cucumbers they can fetch high prices.", "Have a few popular varieties and colors, but mainly red, yellow and green. We’ll quickly point out that peppers aren’t the easiest greenhouse crops to grow but they’re still very profitable due to their use in popular cooking dishes like stir fry.", "Here is yet another vegetable that’s best suited for greenhouse environment. Beginners will appreciate how fast it grows, but its growth depends on the environmental and climate conditions.", "Now, from the above mentioned vegetables, which one will you grow in your greenhouse once you move into one of the new homes in Liberty Hill?", "After cutting your grass, pruning your trees, and trimming your branches, you are now left with the question of what to do with all this green waste, as it can be quite a tedious thing to dispose of. One of the best ways for you to dispose of your garden waste is through green waste skip bins, which is common in Australia. These bins refer to garbage containers that are used specifically for domestic and commercial garden waste.", "When you have a green waste skip bin filled up, you don’t have to wait for the next time that the sanitation department will come to collect it. For example, if you’ve got a house party coming up and you want to clear your front lawn of your bin, you can call for a pick up today, or at the next earliest possible time. Doing this is also very helpful, especially if you’ve got big dogs who might dig through the skip bin and bring the twigs out. Imagine the time wasted having to clean up again!", "After you have completed clearing your garden, you can gather all these and haul them in your skip bin to deliver them to the local dump yourself. Just be sure that you are dumping it in the right place for biodegradable or green waste. Not only are you cleaning your house better and faster, but you are also helping out the load of the local waste disposal trucks. That is, of course, if you don’t mind taking it yourself.", "Each skip bin has a limit of 150 kilos, which is a lot. But if you’ve done a huge clearing of your big garden, then the size might not be enough. To be more efficient, pile up the smaller twigs and messy leaves first in the skip bin, so you can put in as many green waste as you can. For the bigger logs, if they don’t fit anymore, you can pile them close to the bin, ready for the truck to come pick them up. Not much of a worry for this, as logs don’t easily create a mess, unlike leaves and twigs.", "Green garden waste is actually one of the best waste materials in your house because of the very reason that they’re biodegradable. However, ironically, it is also one of the hardest to dispose of, especially if you are dealing with larger quantities. With these tips to guide you, you can now feel happier cutting your grass, trees and branches, as disposing of these garden wastes now aren’t so much of a hassle.", "Working from home can seem like the perfect set-up, but after a while having no boundaries between your downtime and work can become a problem. Everyone needs a dedicated space to work out of. However, if space is at a premium then you may have to get creative with your workspace. Converting a garden shed into a home office can be a great way to make a secure separated space for working without spending a lot.", "With a home office for you can improve your productivity and that important work-life balance, all without leaving your home. Making a home office from a garden shed might be easier than you think, it can be achieved relatively quickly if you go about it in the right way. These are the steps for converting a garden shed into a home office the right way.", "The first step to converting a garden shed into a home office is planning. You might be excited to start work, but this is the most important stage. There a few big decisions you’re going to have to make. The first is if you want electricity running to your home office. This can be useful if you need to run a computer or charge a laptop. However, it will make your conversion a lot more complicated.", "You also need to think about lighting. You will probably need some lighting in your home office for the darker months, but you can work around electricity if you don’t want power sockets in your new office. You need to measure up the shed you already have and decide what sort of space you want to build. If you don’t think you have enough of a foundation to turn your shed into an office, you can think about replacing your shed with one that’s more fit for its new purpose.", "Once you’ve taken stock of your resources and decided what type of home office you will be turning your shed into, it is time to design your home office. You will need to plan out how your shed is going to look when it is finished. If you’re adding electricity, you need to plan out where you will run the wiring to your shed. You need to consider which section of your garden you can dig up to run it under since electrifying your shed is a major undertaking.", "You also need to plan out windows to ensure your office will plenty of natural light. Natural light is really important for making a nice working environment, you should work in as many windows as you can.", "The good thing about converting a garden shed into a home office is that you have plenty already built. You should work with what you’ve already got rather than reinventing the wheel. Make sure that each wall is fully secure and that the roof will not drip. This is especially important for the rainy times of the year since you will have electronics in there.", "The wood used for the shed should be checked for rot or instability and replaced if necessary. Since you’re going to be building on this to add insulation, you need to have a secure and solid wall to start with. You should then add in the windows as you planned in your designing stage.", "With a working home office, you need to ensure it stays warm. You can achieve this using insulation to keep your home office warm no matter the weather. Insulating your shed is relatively simple compared with hooking up the electricity. You need to purchase the necessary materials for the insulation and additional wood to cover up the insulation so you’re still working in a nice environment. A coat of paint after installation can be done when you’re adding in your new floor to give you a nice environment during the working day. This guide will run you through insulating a shed to make sure you get it right.", "This is by far the most complicated step. If you only need electricity for lighting, then you can make this a bit simpler. Solar panelled lighting can be powered from a panel attached to the side of the shed for adequate lighting.", "However, if you need power sockets to run things in your home office then you won’t be able to use this workaround. A generator might work, but this isn’t a great long-term solution. If you’re going to get a lot of use out of your home office, then wiring in power is the best solution. You will need to dig a trench from your home to the shed to run the power through. You should consult an electrician and ensure this is done correctly.", "Converting a shed into a home office can take some time, but it will be rewarding. Once you’re finished you will have a comfy and secure working space away from all those distractions in the home. With a strong enough Wi-Fi connection, you’ve got a dedicated environment to stay productive even when you’re working at home.", "Not only are these great for border edges, but they are also perfect for cutting unruly grass and weeds in those difficult to reach areas of your garden, thus making them a must-have for many garden enthusiasts.", "On the face of it, a strimmer is very different from a lawnmower despite the similarities of the 2 garden pieces. A strimmer has a rapidly rotating head, with a hard trimming line in the end; this makes quick work of weeds and long grasses without too much effort.", "However, with any piece of equipment, if used inappropriately, you can create more work and risk damaging your new strimmer without getting much use out of it.", "Protect yourself; as with any piece of garden equipment, you must ensure you take safety seriously when operating it. Though that piece of nylon line may not look like much, though put it too close to the skin or feet and you may end up needing a trip to your emergency department! Ensure you wear eye and head protection to eliminate injury from flying debris. Make sure you are wearing a sturdy pair of shoes, gloves, and regardless of the weather, always wear full-length trousers. Avoid loose-fitting clothes and to protect your ears from the inevitable noise, wear a pair of ear defenders or earplugs.", "Watch out for the cable; if you are using a mains powered strimmer, one key risk is that you may trip over the wire. Similarly, ensure you keep the cutting end away from any wires too; you really don’t want to have to replace a damaged cable!", "Flying debris; though we touched on this earlier, the context is different. Even if your garden is worthy of winning the Best Kept Garden Award from the RHS, there is always the potential that when using a strimmer, you may hit something seemingly benign, like a stone, and inadvertently turn it into a projectile. This is bad news if there are other unprotected people in the vicinity and can be very bad for your windows! To avoid this, check all areas you will be strimming for such objects and remove them from a safe distance. This will also avoid damage to the strimmer.", "Take a break; if you have a large area to strim, you will need to schedule in breaks- not just to give yourself a rest but also to prevent your strimmer from becoming overheated, which can cause damage in the long run. Keep your posture straight and if your body begins to ache, stop and leave it for another time; if you are exhausted, you risk dropping your strimmer, damaging it and yourself.", "To prolong your strimmer lifespan, keep it in a cool, dry shed or garage; if you are worried about anything, get it checked by a gardening tools expert.", "There are a few things that are more important than a secure home. After all, it’s our little place of respite from a busy, stressful world. Home is where the heart and mind are rested, just as much as the body.", "It’s these little things that define a home. And it’s in those definitions that we see how important it is to secure a good home.", "In the simplest of terms, this refers to the value of the property you purchase. That value is going to be determined in part by the neighborhood it’s located in. It’s this aspect of home buying that requires a lot of research, or the help of a real estate agent, to help you determine whether a certain neighborhood’s value is rising or declining, or simply stagnant.", "This usually comes down to personal preference. It’s a combination of a dozen choices. You could be between a rural neighborhood versus a suburban neighborhood or a neighborhood that’s near water (if you’re fond of walks on the beach) or if you prefer an area that has a lot of greenery. Your decision here is going to be dependent on the things you like to do as well as the things you need in order for you to function on a daily basis. You could live in a simple farmland neighborhood or in a high-end neighborhood like this McKinney gated community.", "Conveniences include grocery stores, convenience stores, laundromats, gas stations, and health centers. These are all essentials that provide goods and services that you need on a regular basis.", "Amenities, on the other hand, include places like the park, a local gym, museums, and many other points of interest. These are places that allow for some rest and recreation and are where you’re going to spend your leisure time.", "This should be one of the most obvious factors to consider. While you could say that it’s frivolous to even mention it, it’s one of those things that can get overlooked, especially when it’s easy to get distracted with all the other factors. A low crime rate in a neighborhood not only grants you peace of mind, it also means that investors are more likely to move into the neighborhood.", "And when there are investors, the neighborhood is more likely to get developed. Remember that a low crime rate is important, especially because this is also where your kids are going to grow up.", "And there you have it. These are some of the most important factors to consider when you’re looking for a new neighborhood to live in. Remember that having a comfortable life doesn’t solely depend on choosing a house. Taking the bigger picture into consideration is going to save you a lot of money and heartache in the long run.", "Nowadays, tight space can’t be a restriction to have with herbs, flowers and garden veggies around you. You can use small containers or make garden bends in available space. A backyard garden can help you to reap several benefits. Gardening is an engaging and moderate exercise for students. They can develop analytical abilities with their gardening exercise. Try to get some time out of your routine for gardening. Gardening allows children to breathe fresh air and relieve their stress. If you are worried about some lengthy assignment, feel free to get the advantage of reliable research proposal writing services.", "Consistent gardening may contribute to social skills, cognitive abilities, and alertness. If you are ready to set up a small backyard garden, here are some tips for your assistance.", "Before starting your backyard gardening, you have to figure out the right place with lots of sunlight. You will buy bushes, plants, flowers, herbs and veggies based on the duration of the sun in your backyard. Feel free to set up a shade garden in a deck with little sunlight. For a veggie garden, you must have sunshine for almost 6 to 8 hours.", "Several flowers need sunlight too. You have to sunmap your backyard gardening by observing the number of sunlight’s hour in your garden. Tall bushes, trees, and even your house can increase shade and decrease light for backyard gardening.", "In your small garden, you can plant your favorite herbs, veggies, and flowers in containers. You have to provide proper water, sunlight, and air to your containers. These may dry out quicker than gardening beds, so you have to pay special attention.", "In a restricted space, you can try square foot gardening. In this method, you will plant things as close as possible. Instead of creating long rows, you can divide every garden bed by 1-foot x 1-foot squares. Each square will have one kind of crop.", "You can make your containers beautiful by adding different textures and colors. Try to combine veggie or ornamental plants. For instance, purple veggies look good with greens. Frilly leaves like dill, celeriac, parsnip, celery, and carrot make a beautiful contrast with lettuce, beets, and greens. You can add a nice variation with garlic, onions, and leeks.", "Carefully arrange containers around your courtyard for a pleasing ambiance in a backyard garden. Plant on edges to increase growing space by leaving the middle of the garden for play or patio area. Northside can be an excellent place to plant trees.", "You can use vertical space by growing upwards. In this way, you can get most out of your backyard garden. A vertical garden can add layers and height to your garden for additional oomph of function and beauty. By using upward space, you can increase your space for gardening and get better yields.", "When you have no space to set up a garden in your backyard, you can still do it with indoor gardening. Whether for growing herbs, organic vegetables, or flowers, indoor gardening can accommodate this endeavor of yours. But you need the following equipment to set up a successful indoor garden:", "One of the advantages you can have with indoor gardening is an easy and fun way of growing your plants. Without extra tools and a green thumb, grow kits are a must for your indoor garden. These kits are ready to grow, and all you need is to choose the type of method you’ll use for cultivation.", "For soil cultivation, you need containers and soil to grow your seedlings, while hydroponics don’t require soil. What hydroponics need are a solution of nutrients and mostly water. Hydroponics are much popular nowadays because it doesn’t take up too much space, not messy, and the nutrients are easily absorbed, thereby, producing healthy plants. These Canadian indoor kits are available in stores like Canada Grows Indoors LLC.", "To grow sun-loving plants like vegetables up to their maturity, use grow lights. You can choose a fluorescent, LED, or HID grow lights. Fluorescent bulbs are good for seedlings, LED for growing larger quantities of plants, and HID for lemon bushes or tomatoes and other large plants. You can avail of discounted high-quality grow lights by following the Canada Grows Indoors Facebook page.", "A grow tent is an enclosed space that increases the grow lights’ effectiveness. It has a sturdy canvas exterior and is a reusable and portable grow room. Some grow tents have built-in grow lights that are suitable for a hydroponic kind of cultivation. Moreover, it stimulates the growth of plants and sustains the heat because of its insulation system.", "Height – If you’re planning to grow tall plants, choose a grow tent that can adjust up to 9′ tall. Some grow tents have adjustable features. But if you’ll only grow small or medium-sized plants, then you can opt for a smaller indoor grow tent, which is up to 6′ in height.", "Durability – It’s recommended to purchase grow tents with metallic poles and frames with fasteners. The fasteners will secure the tent’s structure while the metallic poles are sturdier than the ordinary tents. Also, choose the ones with durable fabric and zippers, tight seals, and thick viewing windows so that it can last longer.", "Thickness – Most grow tents only have 190D-600D that can result in easy ripping and leaking of light. But a 1680D fabric is thicker than the ordinary ones that allow a stronger and safer environment for your indoor garden.", "Indoor gardening in Canada is popular nowadays. And with the availability of growing equipment, indoor gardening is made easy. Invest in your equipment so that you don’t waste your efforts in gardening.", "Going green can have major benefits for the environment and for your health. However, it can be difficult to make some of the major changes that come with going green and focusing on sustainability, even if you believe in the cause.", "So, what can you do to make going green easier? There are a number of tools right at your fingertips that can help. Let’s go over some of the best eco- friendly apps that can help you go green right here.", "We’re going to break our eco-friendly app suggestions into categories. Some apps offer a well-rounded focus on all things green. You can check out:", "These apps focus on your lifestyle choices and actions around the home as a whole, allowing you to focus on going green in all aspects of your life. Some of these apps, like Oroeco, offer you personalized tips that can make going green even easier.", "If you want to focus specifically on recycling as you go green, you may want to focus on apps like:", "These apps can help you improve your recycling habits and they’re both free. You can get information about where to recycle in your area and about what items can be recycled.", "Energy usage – and the kind of energy you use – is a big part of going green. You can monitor your carbon footprint with apps like:", "These apps can help you determine areas where you can lower your carbon footprint, perhaps by deciding to drive an energy-efficient car or by deciding to purchase energy-efficient light bulbs. You can even check out Light Bulb Finder if you need help selecting the eco-friendliest lightbulbs for you.", "Going green can mean making some big changes to your shopping habits. Fortunately, there are some apps you can turn to if you need help focusing on sustainability while you’re out doing your shopping. You can check out:", "These apps can help you compare products to determine which ones are the most environmentally friendly, or to find local food in your area.", "Some of the best eco-friendly apps are very highly focused on specific aspects of going green. For example, you can use Dropcountr to monitor your water consumption on a daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly basis to decrease your water usage.", "You can also cut down on paper waste in your life with PaperKarma. This app can remove you from mailing lists that end up with you dealing with mountains of junk mail, reducing the overall strain on the planet.", "You don’t have to figure out how to go green all on your own. There options out there that can help you shift to an eco-friendlier lifestyle.", "According to the Wall Street Journal, over 100,000 new small businesses are opened every year. Many workers are growing tired of toiling day after day to make someone else’s dreams come true. With independent contractors and freelancers taking over the world of commerce, it might be time to think about starting your own private enterprise.", "Landscaping businesses can be as lucrative as they are rewarding. With busy schedules, there is a growing demand for companies to come in and take care of people’s property. Give your creative green thumb an outlet to thrive while creating and maintaining some beautiful landscapes.", "From a simple mowing business to a more complex landscape design, the choice is yours. Take advantage of the tools of your trade including creative landscape design software to help you make your clients’ dreams come true.", "As with any new venture, it’s always best to start with a plan. Opening your own business can be a challenge, so having a picture of what you want to accomplish and how you will do it is the best place to start.", "If you have no experience running your own business, you will need to start by doing your homework. To bring in interest for financing, you will need to create a comprehensive business plan to present to lenders. There are many online tools that can help you with a business plan template to get you prepared.", "It’s a good idea to consult with an accountant to get advice about setting up your bookkeeping system and taxes before you get started.", "The best place to start when deciding what your fees will be is to investigate your direct competition. You may be able to cut some corners when you are just starting out, as your overhead will be slightly lower than the more established companies. Consider your time invested, cost of materials, labor, equipment, and tools, and your overhead costs before calculating your best price.", "Every state will have different licensing requirements. In a landscaping business, you may need to obtain special certification to use chemicals and fertilizers. You should also check your local bylaws regarding waste management and local irrigation.", "You will be required to sit for the Landscape Architect Registration Exam before you will be issued an official business license. The exam will cover the basics of land management, maintenance, and safety. You can write the exam for a one-time cost of $150.", "Consult your accountant about setting up an EIN (Employer Identification Number) that will connect you to the IRS. Visit the IRS website and fill out the standard SS-4 forms to receive your State Tax I.D. number.", "Start by advertising locally and pick up a few of your first clients by offering services to your neighbors and family. Take advantage of the incredible reach that social media can offer by establishing a company website and a dedicated page on Facebook or an Instagram account.", "Create a portfolio of your past work as you gain more experience. Being able to display examples of your work directly to your clients can show them that you have a great experience as well as talent.", "With a small landscaping business you may start out as an independent contractor, but with luck, you may soon have to hire extra staff to keep up with the demand. To protect your business, you should always have a rigid interviewing and hiring process. Check references and past experience before making any hasty decisions. You should expect to provide training for all of your new employees.", "DIY is a popular word, and YouTube videos can teach you almost anything these days. But is that always the best route to go?", "While we respect your willingness to try it yourself and we understand the importance of managing your budget, certain scenarios require some skill & expert advice.", "If you face one of the following scenarios, it may be time to ask for some help from your local gardening professionals.", "This is a rule you should teach everyone in your household: if gardening takes you near the power lines, you need to outsource.", "This is often the case when it’s time to trim your trees. You may not have realized just how quickly those branches are growing, and at the end of the summer they’re almost touching the power lines.", "First of all it’s probably the local authorities’ and power line workers’ responsibility to cut them down anyway. Secondly, it only takes one misstep and you can end up falling against the live wires. Don’t do this yourself!", "Even a general trimming of trees can quickly turn dangerous if you’re working on damaged trees. A vicious storm or parasites may have weakened trees in your garden. Many plants may never recover.", "With a weakened structure, you have no idea where that tree will fall or which branches are still strong enough to support you. Call in the pros on this one. With their knowledge and proper safety harnesses, they will remove the damaged growth piece by piece.", "The idea of having your gas or water pipes dug up is enough to put most homeowners in a bad mood. Important tip: don’t wait for a small problem to become a big one.", "A telltale sign of plumbing problems is when water collects in a certain grassy area or you see your paving is wet. It could be the roots of a tree that damaged the pipes, but removing the cause won’t fix the problem. And don’t think you’ll fix it all yourself. You need pros with handy tools such as inflatable pipe plugs that will locate the problem and repair it with the least amount of damage to the surrounding area.", "Another unwelcome sight is when you realize you have pests that are chewing on your plants or contaminating the garden. You’ll find many DIY solutions at the store for rats, bugs and other pests, but they often only minimize the plague; it’s rarely destroyed completely.", "A better solution is to call a pest control company that knows how to track down the nest and eliminate the problem.", "You know how to look after your property, but more often than not DIY projects lead to temporary fixes, not long-term solutions. Know when you’ve reached your limits and call in the professionals so you can enjoy your garden again.", "Luckily, there are some great ways to store your bike, in your home and out of it. With these tricks, you’ll be able to walk through your hallway without sustaining any injuries and your walls will be safe from chain grease and wheel dirt!", "Bikes come in all shapes and sizes, colors and patterns, and can work as a great piece of (removable and useable) contemporary artwork for your home.", "The market is filled with snazzy hooks and racks to hoist your precious bicycle onto the wall. You’re spoilt for choice when it comes to materials and designs. Maybe you’re into the industrial look and fancy a grungy steel rack. Or perhaps you’re like the rustic, wholesome feel of a nice pine hook?", "Just be sure that you can easily remove and remount your bike when you decide to go for a cycle!", "It might seem like a strange solution, but hanging your bike from the ceiling is perfect when you are tight on both floor and wall space.", "Get your hands on a simple pulley system to hoist your bike on to the ceiling. This is perfect if you live in a small flat with particularly high ceilings, and is very reminiscent of the clothes pulleys that are characteristic of Victorian homes!", "The awkwardly-shaped gap underneath your stairs isn’t exactly the most practical spot for storage, but if you’re inventive, it can be a great location to stash your bicycle.", "All you need to do is screw some basic hooks onto the sloping underside of the steps – they don’t need to be anything fancy, they just need to be strong enough to hold the weight of your bike!", "Depending on the height and width of your stairs, you could potentially store two bikes in this nifty little gap.", "If it’s going to prove too tight a squeeze to fit a bulky bicycle in your home, you might need to look outside of your house for your bike storage solutions.", "If you have the luxury of a garden shed or garage, this is a fantastic option! Before you store it inside, make sure that the structure can protect your bike from the elements, bugs and pests, and thieves!", "By far the most secure way to store your bike is in a well-maintained self- storage unit with tight security.", "If you’re not a daily cyclist, reserving it for special adventures in the countryside on the weekends, a storage unit is the ideal to keep your bike out of sight and out of mind, but still safe and sound.", "Keeping your home clean can seem a mammoth task with a seemingly endless array of information and advice. From the arsenal of chemical options available on the market and different opinions about the best cleaning methods, it can be hard to know where to start.", "In addition, there is also a growing move towards environmentally-friendly options, and this can be hard to reconcile with the different cleaning products available. With different sprats, potions and lotions available for everything from the bathroom to the stove, it seems you will need a new cupboard merely to hold your new products!", "If this all sounds overwhelming, the good news is that there is a simple solution to your cleaning woes, and chances are you already have some on hand—baking soda. Before you seek the help of Alpha Bed Bug Exterminator NYC to battle critters in the bedroom, why not give this magic product a try. Here are just a few of the miracles it can perform.", "Forget fancy air fresheners. Baking soda is ideal for eliminating unpleasant smells. From carpets to furniture, fabrics to microwaves, you can give your home a new lease of life with a simple sprinkle of baking soda.", "There is no need for expensive jewelry cleaning kits. Just make a paste of one part water to three parts baking soda, and apply it to your silver with a lint-free cloth and rinse. Be careful not to use paper cloth, as this can cause scratches.", "Patio furniture can often be affected by the weather during the wet winter months. Before bringing your chairs out ready for the summer season, give them a quick wipe with water and baking soda to restore them to their full glory and ensure they are prepared for your summer socializing. Once the winter comes, you can also place baking soda inside the bags used to store the cushion pads to keep them fresh.", "Oil can be tricky to clean, as water tends to merely make it spread and stain. It can also be dangerous and lead to slips. If you have spilled oil on the floor of your garage, you can sprinkle on a little baking soda and scrub with a stiff brush to pick up any traces and keep the ground safe and clean.", "If your whites are looking a little faded and grey, you can bring them back to life by adding a cup of baking soda to your washing machine, alongside your usual laundry detergent. This will help bring new life to your white shirts and other clothing items, leaving them looking and feeling bright, white and fresh.", "Cleaning your home doesn’t have to be a tiresome chore involving hundreds of chemicals. Instead, replace the multiple products with one single, simple solution which will do a fantastic job and help save you cash.", "Is this the year that you have decided to build a screened porch in your yard providing you with the perfect spot to enjoy a little shade, and escape all the pesky bugs that flourish during the warm summer months? If so, then there’s no doubt that you are excited about your big project and the many ways in which it will transform how you use your yard. With that said, even though you are building a screened porch, it doesn’t mean you want it to feel like you are indoors.", "Here are some simple tips you can use that will help provide that sense of nature and the outdoors to your screened porch, so even though you will be sitting under a covered room, and behind screened windows, you’ll still feel as though you’re outdoors.", "The first tip has to do with the design you choose. The best way to make your porch feel like the outdoors is to allow for plenty of light. Choose a model that offers a number of windows and screening so that your view isn’t skewed and you’ll still be able to see all angles of your yard.", "The pros at Architectural Landscape Design also suggest that you pick a screened porch design that fits and flows with the roofline of your home so that it feels natural and organic, rather than a wholly separate entity.", "While it’s impossible to have a garden inside your porch, you can have one in very close proximity. Plan out a garden that borders the porch or that is close by to provide you with that lovely scenery. If you are planting things up against the base of the porch, be sure you pick shrubs and bushes that do well in those particular lighting conditions.", "One of the best ways to impart a sense of nature and relaxation to your yard is to install some sort of water feature. This could be a fountain or a pond. Again, plan to place the feature near the porch so that when you’re sitting in the screened area you’ll still be able to hear the soothing water sounds.", "You can also install hooks on the roofline of the porch that are strong enough to hold bird feeders. You’ll be able to enjoy nature up close and personal as you attract all kinds of incredible bird varieties to your yard.", "Lastly, there is nothing wrong with using standard indoor plants in your screened in porch to give that sense of greenery and nature. You can pick varying heights, colors, and sizes to add interest.", "By using each of these tips, you’ll be able to design a screened porch that is not only lovely to look at but relaxing and enjoyable to use.", "Most of us enjoy the experience of a tranquil, relaxing garden. Beautifully planned and professionally planted, these spaces offer a fantastic sense of peace and calm, with perfectly selected aromas and a dazzling display of colors, all of which seamlessly fit together as though by magic.", "While we may enjoy the end result, the truth is that many of us are clueless when it comes to the fundamentals of gardening. It can be a subject which seems overwhelming, with jargon such as ‘soil pH’ and ‘seasonal planting’ making this sound like a dry and theoretical bore, as opposed to a fundamental basic. In truth, learning about gardening can be a huge benefit for your home and life, changing the way you relax, exercise, and even eat. Whether you are keen to grow your own veggies or learn more about lawn care.", "Gardening is not merely restricted to beautiful flowers; it is a fundamental part of the food chain. Leaning to grow and harvest your own food is not only a hugely satisfying experience, but it could also help you cut your food budget. In addition, growing your own fruit and vegetables helps you to develop a better understanding of what you are putting in your body, and can provide inspiration for creative new meal ideas.", "If you are a homeowner, gardening offers a chance to extend your living space at a little extra cost. By learning the basics of gardening, you can identify things that will thrive in your garden, and use this knowledge to create a relaxing and stunning space which is perfect for late-night entertaining, chilled summer barbeques, and informal family picnics. Make the most of every inch of your home by transforming the outside.", "As well as helping to change your diet, gardening is also an excellent form of exercise. The bending, stooping, and squatting required can provide a full- body workout, and burn more calories than a traditional gym session! As a bonus, you can feel satisfied that you are doing something productive while exercising, whether that is pruning, weeding, or digging a brand new bed. By having visible results, you will increase your motivation, helping to turn a workout from a necessary evil to a productive and genuinely useful task.", "Having a good knowledge of plants and flowers is also beneficial in helping save the planet. Plants provide the oxygen which keeps us alive, and so learning to respect and maintain them is essential. In addition, you can help attract bees and insects to your garden with the right combination of foliage. These are creatures that are in danger of being lost, and so we need to invite them in at any opportunity. By maintaining a garden, you will be doing your bit to generate a whole new ecosystem, and play a valuable part in the lifecycle of many creatures—not merely humans.", "There are numerous benefits of investing in a water dispenser for your home, business, or office. The quality of water is outstanding, eliminates wastage of water, and also contributes to a reduction of your carbon footprint through less use of bottled water. While some may opt for a water dispenser for personal preferential reasons, others may require a dispenser because of lack of healthy and hygienic drinking water.", "Do you require it for an area with limited space, or contrastingly, do you need a large capacity-dispensing system with a filtration mechanism for your business or office? You could choose between a water cooler or water dispenser subject to your needs. While both dispense water, the only difference is a water cooler utilizes electricity to cool the water, and water dispensers just dispense water at room temperature.", "Point of use: These are the most expensive to install and are useful if there’s an existing water line or tap to connect. These help to cut down on costs without the need of attaching water bottles and getting replacements.", "Top load bottled water cooler: These are lower in cost than point-of-use and easier to set up. There’s no need to tap into a water source, and all it requires is to attach a water bottle on the top. The size of the bottle is subject to the amount of water you’ll need to use.", "Bottom load bottled cooler: For those that prefer the taste of bottled water, but don’t want a bottle plugged in at the top of the cooler, the alternative is a bottom load cooler. In this model, the bottle is placed in a concealed cabinet in the bottom section of the cooler.", "Countertop water cooler: For those living in an apartment with limited space or any location that doesn’t offer access to potable water, this is the perfect option. These save money and space.", "Countertop water dispenser: These are also economical in cost, save money, and are suited for areas where there’s no need to cool the water or when electricity is unavailable or very expensive.", "Apart from the kind of water cooler you require and its features, some of the other factors that need to be taken into consideration include:", "How you intend to utilize it: Would you be okay with buying and replacing the water bottles, or would you prefer a point-of-use model that taps directly into the water source?", "The area you plan to install: Some smaller models can be installed in limited spaces or even bigger models for use in offices, businesses, etc.", "Having a swimming pool is an excellent addition to your home. With that comes the deck, which is the area surrounding your pool. A properly planned swimming pool deck is essential to ensure that your landscaping is functional. It also creates a transition from one area of your backyard to another. Here are tips so that you can have your dream backyard pool area:", "The size of your space will often influence the kind of deck that you can build. It’s important that you’re keen about your area because your design, budget, materials, and others, can then be planned accordingly. For most homeowners, there’s one spot in the property where you can build the deck, and those with larger areas are fortunate to be able to choose as they please. Some of the factors affecting your deck are the lot size, view, shade and sun, proximity to the house, and privacy. Here are a few other considerations:", "Small areas can have a multi-level deck that utilizes vertical space. Consult with local building codes for requirements when planning to do this in your property.", "Irregular spaces can still have amazing deck designs. Talk to swimming pool experts for the best options to maximize your space.", "Larger spaces have more options like a gazebo, dining area, and so on. Don’t cram everything just because you have space; think about functionality, too.", "Besides aesthetics, you need to know what the pool deck is going to be used for. This is essential to dictate the functionality of the design, the safety measures, and other options for your swimming pool decking. Brainstorm for ideas with your family and include each member who will be using the pool as much as possible. This way, you will know where balance or compromise is needed. Homeowners can use a pool deck for:", "A swimming pool deck can be made of various materials, and it’s vital that you’ve evaluated your options as part of the preparation. Choosing the decking materials is an important step to ensure that you can afford the project, it’s suitable for your space, and it can serve its purpose. Typical materials are concrete, brick, pavers, stone, wood, tile, turf, synthetic, or a mix of these. When choosing materials:", "Building a pool deck is an exciting project. As long as you’ve done the necessary preparations, you’re swimming pool decking will look stunning. Use the tips above as a guide to your planning and preparation.", "If you’re planning or managing a home improvement project, it’s likely your jurisdiction requires a site plan before you can get the necessary permit. But don’t rush to hire a surveyor or architect just yet!", "A site plan shows what structures exist on the property, as well as the proposed improvements. Many counties have specific development code requirements for particular projects, such as:", "The local building department will look at your site plan to determine whether your development project meets the necessary development code requirements. If it does, you’ll get the okay to move ahead. If not, you will need a new site plan..", "Before you jump into creating a site plan from scratch, one thing that can be helpful to do is to check to see if one already exists.", "Check your own files and see if you can find a site plan that reflects the current status of your property.", "If you can’t find an existing site plan, you may consider hiring someone to create a plan for you- Architects, Engineers, and Surveyors can be used. They will be professional, thorough, and detail-oriented, but also charge you upwards of $1,000.", "Contact your local development office and ask if you are required to submit a site plan that has been stamped by a certified architect, engineer, or surveyor.", "If it is not required, then you have a viable alternative in using online site plan providers. They use satellite imagery, GIS information, county parcel maps, and other sources to produce site plans.", "These site plans are as accurate and detailed as those produced by certified professionals. Moreover, they can do it quickly (some offer a 24-hour turnaround), and at a mere fraction of the cost – around $100 to $200, depending on the level of detail required.", "There are a number of different types of projects that do not require a certified professional to stamp them. These include:", "If you need a permit to make one of these improvements, there’s a good chance you will not have to pay for a certified professional to create your site plan. That being said, though, there’s only one way to know for sure: ask your local development office.", "An electrical connection to the garden adds a whole new level of usefulness, comfort as well as improving security. A constant electrical source in the garden is ideal if you’re looking to add some flare to the backyard garden with a fountain, speakers, a projector for a party or extra lighting to run along footpaths or beside stools.", "Aussie’s today are using their gardens for more than just somewhere to grow vegetables and that means electricity is essentially required to get the most out of the garden. Below we’ll take a look at a few of the easiest ways to get electricity running to your garden.", "The most environmentally friendly option for getting electricity to the garden will be through investing in an array of solar panels paired with rechargeable batteries and an inverter. This way you’ll have a near-constant source of free electricity that your garden’s lights and other accessories can connect to.", "Keep in mind that depending on the size of your solar panels and your battery’s voltage output you might not be able to power everything you’d like to. These solar solutions are fantastic for lower electricity use, but if you’re wanting to power other appliances, tools and more then it’s best to consider a generator. More on that below.", "If you’re looking for a solution a little more permanent then it might be a good idea to consider a generator. This way, when the time comes to switch on all of your home’s garden lighting and other accessories like pool lighting, outdoor speakers and more, you’ll be able to start your generator and be done with it. There’s very little that a generator can’t power in the garden and that means you’ll have no cap on what you could do.", "You might want to consider smaller, more portable generators for your garden as these will be easy to conceal but will also be virtually silent. Generators from retailers like Outbaxcamping are perfect solutions for at-home garden electricity requirements as they’re affordable and incredibly efficient.", "One of the easiest, quick fixes to getting electricity in the garden is running an extension cable form the house to whatever you need to be powered in the garden. Whether it’s a temporary water feature, lighting, bug zapper or just about anything else, an extension cable should do the trick on a temporary basis. Just be sure to use more heavy duty extension cables for appliances or tools that require higher amperages.", "It’s important to remember that an extension cord isn’t designed to be a permanent solution. You’re still able to use these cables to temporarily power appliances, tools and lighting in your backyard. Just be sure it’s not forecast to rain and make absolutely certain no children or pets will be able to mess around with it.", "Wheelie bin storage is the best way to keep your bin out of sight before the next collection pickup. There are many reasons why you need storage for your wheelie bins.", "Wheelie bins are essential on collection day. They are the perfect size for holding rubbish, and their use makes it easy for collection workers to remove your garbage. However, these large bins are also quite unattractive.", "The colors of your wheelie bins more than likely do not compliment the exterior of your home. The bold colors of these bins are designed to make it easy for the refuse collector to know what type of garbage is inside. This is especially helpful for recycling.", "A wheelie bin storage container keeps these unsightly bins out of sight until collection day. Storage containers come in a variety of materials and colors, so it’s possible to find something that looks attractive next to your home.", "If you’ve ever picked up the rubbish after a wheelie bin has been knocked over, you know how much of a hassle it is. All it takes is a large gust of wind, and your wheelie bin may topple over. Everything inside may blow onto your property. You’re entirely responsible for cleaning up the mess.", "Locking your wheelie bin in a bin store, however, will prevent it from falling over. This means you no longer need to worry about chasing rubbish down the street.", "Wheelie bins are often targeted by thieves. This is very sad but true. While you may not initially miss your stolen wheelie bin, you will have to replace it. In many instances, you will have to pay to obtain another wheelie bin. If you had a storage area for your bin, you would no longer have to worry about it being stolen by desperate thieves.", "Stray animals and rodents love to scavenge for garbage. They may be looking for bits of food in your wheelie bin. Unfortunately, if an animal tries to get inside the wheelie bin, they will most likely end up knocking it over. Once again, this means you’ll be responsible for picking up all the garbage. Locking the wheelie bin up in a bin store will ensure four-legged creatures are unable to feast inside your bin.", "If you’re ready to get a bin store, you can easily make one yourself. Those who are not handy can purchase a pre-made one from a home improvement shop. Keep your rubbish covered and out of sight by storing your wheelie bin in a closed bin store.", "Planning to buy a lawn mower for your garden? It will be wise to think of a few factors before you invest on a lawn mower. Starting from the size of the garden to the frequency of mowing, everything has to be taken into consideration because lawn mowers can be quite expensive. In addition to the brand, features, and the price of the mower, you should also keep an eye on the shape and size of the topography. But there are three main factors that will help you decide the best lawn mower for your garden: the level of terrain, the number of obstacles in the garden such as plants, flower beds, trees, etc, and the size of the garden. Here are some of the lawn mowers that will be suitable for you:", "Probably the most popular of all the lawn mowers is the walk-behind variant that will give you plenty of options to mow your lawn. These are generally two-stroked mowers that have the ability to cut yards of lawn continuously without any interruption. Moreover, these mowers can run for years and they require very low maintenance too. The ideal size of the walk-behind mowers is 20” to 22”. You should always measure the length and width of the garden along with the size of the yard gate so that you don’t have any problem while using the mower.", "These mowers are hugely popular when it comes to mowing golf courses and landscapes. They are easy to use as they offer high-speed cutting and can turn very precisely. There will be two lap bars that you will act as the driving wheel. You have to maneuver the bars carefully to make sure that you are mowing the right areas of the lawn. If you have a huge lawn that has got big obstacles such as ponds or trees, then a zero-turn mower will be the right choice. With the fast mowing capability, it will be easier to cut down the grass in a relatively short period of time. This will allow you to mow a large area very quickly.", "Push mowers are the most common in houses that have a small garden in front with grass in it. These mowers are small in size and you have to push them manually to cut the grass. The blades are attached between the two wheels and they are appropriate for mowing small patches of grass in the garden. There is no engine to operate this mower. So, you will have to push it around the areas that you want to clean. The standard size of these mowers is 16” but you can get a bigger variant that measures 20” or even a smaller variant that measures 14”. One of the benefits of the push mowers is that they are really affordable. Their price varies from $80 to $110 because of their manual operation and size.", "There are various pros and cons of buying a gas or electric motor-powered mower. First of all, electric mowers are absolutely a gem because of their precision and cleanliness. They are easier to operate and do not create any mess while you mow. However, they can run out of power if you don’t have two batteries. The corded mowers are still okay but the size of the cord will be a challenge. But if you are using cordless mowers, then you need to have a couple of extra batteries charged up.", "Gas mowers, on the other hand, can be more powerful and precise and electric mowers. According to Discover Ziehler, they have the ability to last longer but there are a couple of factors that can get in their way. First, they require frequent maintenance so that the gas does not run out. You have to constantly check the level of gas left in the mower so that it does not stop working all of a sudden. The second thing is it creates a lot of mess while cutting the grass. That is something that the electric mowers do not have. You will have to keep cleaning the grass after mowing for a few minutes so that the blades can cut through better and quicker.", "These are all-wheel mowers that are quite heavy to drive around. They have the capability to cut through grass quickly but their weight can be a challenge when you are going uphill. Make sure that you buy this model only when you are planning to mow a flat lawn because, with so much weight, it will be difficult to maneuver the mower on various parts of the lawn.", "Those who find it extremely difficult to use a push mower or take a lot of time to mow a small lawn, it will be better to buy a riding mower. This type of mower will offer the basic facilities of mowing. They are just push mowers with an electric motor in the rear end so that you can drive the mower instead of having to push it around the lawn. In fact, this can be a cost-effective solution if you don’t want to spend a huge amount on a mower but want to get the job done somehow. They are easy to operate and can mow small gardens very quickly. Depending on the size of the mower, you can look to spend between $600 and $1000 to get one of these mowers for your garden.", "Buying a lawn mower can be a big investment. You will have to decide what the priorities are and then find the right type of mower according to the different features given above. There are several varieties of mowers from different brands that you can get but the size of the lawn and the comfort that you want to get while cutting the grass can be two big factors to decide which type of mower will be best suited for your garden.", "It’s so nice to relax in your outdoor living space and spend time bonding with kids in your garden with fresh air, colorful flowers, trees, and green grass around. While it’s crucial to water the plants and mow the lawn, a beautiful garden should be organized and clean. So, let’s check these helpful tips to maintain the cleanliness in your garden!", "During the fall season, dried leaves, stems, and branches usually accumulate in the garden. It’s important to clear your garden with these things and human-made rubbish to maintain a beautiful garden. Removing dry leaves also reduces pests from attacking fresh leaves during spring. Here are some helpful tips:", "You can remove leaves by cleaning the garden yourself. You can also hire a rubbish removal service, like 1300 Rubbish Removal, if you can’t manage to do it due to your busy schedule or you have no appropriate tools available.", "Pruning damaged branches and stems is a good practice to prevent plant diseases from spreading or damaging the whole plant.", "You store garden tools, such as spades and rakes, in your garden shed to avoid accidents and keep your garden clutter-free.", "Dispose of leaves, stems, and branches into a compost heap or separate bin. You can recycle them and use it as fertilizer for your plants.", "Soil erosion can extremely mess up your great garden design, including its layout and your plants, too. The soil gets eroded because of heavy rainfall and winds. You can prevent soil erosion by:", "Don’t miss to clean your garden décor. The hardscape elements of your garden include statues, fountains, pathways, and other human-made structures. You need to ensure you don’t miss cleaning them. Here are some tips:", "Garden gnomes or statues can promote mold and moss growth and can easily collect dust during hot seasons. Clean them regularly.", "A garden hose can be a huge mess. It’s a smart idea to invest in a garden hose reel to keep the hose neatly gathered, making your yard feel instantly more organized and preventing slip accidents.", "Maintaining a beautiful and clean garden shouldn’t be stressful. You can dedicate 10 to 15 minutes a day or every other day to clear the garden of rubbish and clutter as a way of relaxing and as a bonding activity with your family.", "Landscaping in a particular area gives you more than a pleasant sight as it also relieves stress. A simple house with a beautiful landscape looks elegant. You don’t need a professional gardener or a massive budget to achieve a beautiful landscape. You can make your beautiful backyard without spending too much.", "The space and topography for landscaping should be considered first. It’ll give you a hint of how many and what type of plants to select, arrange and grow in your backyard. It will also serve as a basis for your layout. When you have a small yard, you can include flowering plants or potted plants in your layout to optimize the space.", "If you have a wide yard, you can plant large fruit-bearing trees. If you have trees and you need to decorate it, use scaffolding. Check this link for cheap scaffolding.", "Aside from visualizing how your yard would look beforehand, making a layout will save you a lot of time, effort and money at the end of the day. Planning and putting everything you have in mind on a piece of paper can create a good outcome.", "It helps you determine the available plants in your area and the kind of plants that best grow in your target site. Moreover, you’ll know what tools to buy instead of buying every tool.", "Bottles whether plastic or glass could save you from pot needs. Today, a lot of home-gardeners create a sophisticated arrangement of containers blending well with the plants. For instance, big plastic bottles can be carefully cut into an artistic feature and could serve as pots for small plants or those with shallow roots. Aside from keeping you a lot from spending, you are helping the environment, too.", "Since landscaping is intended for a long-term plant arrangement, shrubs or perennials are ideal for it. Some plants look good for just a few months and eventually wither and die. Some plants need to be watered most of the time and require the right amount of fertilizers to grow well. To save energy, time and even money, choose plants that can live for more than a year while growing beautifully as they age. When you have perennials, you can save so much from buying plants again and again.", "If you’re a homeowner, you can create a beautiful sight right in the backyard without following all the conventional and expensive landscaping models. Your creativity, determination, and action are the best capital for a low-cost yet elegant landscape. Remember that the key to successful landscaping is utilizing most of the available resources with careful planning with the right implementation. As long as you’re happy and satisfied with the outcome, nobody can question the quality of your landscape.", "When it comes to harvesting the vegetables from your garden, you don’t want to find out they’ve been destroyed by insects or pests. Luckily, it’s quite simple to kill any pests that may be damaging your crops.", "Both slugs and snails are commonly found in gardens, but unfortunately, these pests are notorious for damaging crops. Not only do they feed on crops, but they also only come out at night, making it tricky to kill them during the day. Slugs and snails also lay many eggs, which can lay dormant for several years before they hatch.", "If you’re struggling with a slug and snail infestation, try a beer bath. Simply place small vats of beer around your garden. Slugs and snails are drawn to the yeast in beer. However, once they try to drink this yeasty beverage, they will fall in and drown.", "Perhaps one of the most destructive insects, aphids love to drink the sap out of any plant in your vegetable garden. They even spread diseases. If you notice signs of an aphid outbreak, then you should make an organic insecticide out of dish soap.", "Simply mix a few tablespoons of organic dish soap with a quart of water. Add a couple drops of orange or lemon essential oil. Spray this concoction directly onto your plants, making sure to fully saturate the leaves. This dish soap insecticide is also effective at killing other vegetable garden pests, including mites, mealybugs, and whiteflies.", "The cabbage root fly is known for destroying vegetables by damaging the roots. These pests lay their eggs at the base of plants. When the eggs hatch, the maggots burrow deep down to the roots, where they feast. This can quickly kill your vegetable garden.", "If you notice damage to the roots of your crops or you find maggots on the roots, you can quickly remedy the situation by placing a cabbage collar around the base of your plants. This will prevent any newly hatched maggots from reaching the roots.", "Rodents, including mice, rabbits, moles, and squirrels, are always looking for their next meal. However, you don’t want them feeding on your vegetable garden. Spraying a mixture of soap, chili powder, and garlic onto your vegetables is one of the best ways to deter these pests. It even works to repel beetles, slugs, leafhoppers, and borers. This mixture will also keep your family pets out of your garden without harming them.", "It doesn’t take very much effort to keep your vegetable garden healthy and free of insects and other pests. Natural and organic products are often all that’s needed to deter or kill these unwanted visitors.", "Working in a garden is not possible without any tools at hand. It requires a lot of tasks and having the right tools will make your garden maintenance plain sailing. Since there are a lot of gardening tools available, you might be confused about which ones are essential or not.", "A huge part of gardening maintenance involves cutting and trimming small trees, bushes, and other perennials. Hand pruners and loppers are essential for these tasks. Pruners can be used for cutting stems and branches with a small diameter. Loppers are intended for larger branches.", "These tools can be used for deadheading or regular trimming activities. Pruning your bushes regularly will initiate healthy plant growth and will make it grow to your desired shape. Cutting tools is also essential during harvesting season if you grow fruit trees and vegetables in your garden.", "Grasses usually grow fast, most especially during the rainy season. Proper maintenance of your lawn is essential in every well-maintained garden. You can avoid it being bushy by investing in a lawnmower.", "Getting an affordable lawnmower is enough for your garden maintenance needs. Usually, these are the convenient types where you can easily use and store the equipment.", "Water is essential in every gardening activity. Garden hose can facilitate, bringing the water supply to any area of your garden which makes it easier for you. However, having a water sprinkler is good when you are working in planters, plant boxes, and flower pots with delicate herbs and flowers.", "Having a wheelbarrow in your garden will make it easier for you, especially if you do not have anyone to help you out. Garden maintenance also involves moving and lifting objects such as garden soil, fertilizers, and pots. Investing in a wheelbarrow will help you accomplish these tasks in a breeze.", "Shovels and spades are useful when digging soil, edging, and even moving mud and large debris in your garden. Investing in a good one with high-quality material will provide better garden maintenance. Make sure that you get it with a handle that is comfortable on your hands and has a length that will provide good leverage.", "Another garden essential is a hand trowel where you can use for various purposes such as transplanting seedlings in pots or trays, distributing soil in pots, and getting fertilizer in sacks. Having a well-made trowel will make your garden maintenance a stroll in the park.", "Now that you know the essential tools needed to have a well-maintained garden, it’s now time to buy and gather them in stores. By investing in the right tools, you will avoid overcrowding your garden shed, and at the same time, you can accomplish your gardening tasks in no time.", "The future of killing insects is bright with use of electric fly swatters, just hit with the rackets as the insect get electrocuted.", "One would wonder why waste energy looking for insect and then hit? Why can’t one use a traditional one? Okay, as aforementioned, the equipment uses electricity, when one runs a pest; it has no chance of surviving as it is electrocuted in coming into contact. Using this machine is fun, one can set a tournament with friends; the winner kills more!", "If one is wondering why it should bother him or her to have the machine; firstly, it is a better way to do exercise. The scientific approach shows that the practice calms the nerves, relaxes and relieves tension. Additionally, it is a game; one does not get bored all the way!", "However, the smelly nature of the fried mosquitos is not pleasant at all and the sound produced when mosquitos are on the grid is annoying!", "The machine boosts on its size that makes it suitable for women to use. Also, it is a powerful machine having the ability to produce 2750v. The alkaline batteries used are purchased separately. The pros side is that it provides no sound when hitting an insect. Furthermore, it has been made in a manner that guards the fingers of the user.", "They have enjoyed a monopoly in the market for long. It is expensive and more feature packed, but it is not as heavy as one would finally think. It is powerful too, producing 3, 000v. The machine operates on the rechargeable batteries unlike the latter. It is more improved in a manner that the light fitted on it can attract insect, thus trapping them. The reviews from the customer are pretty encouraging!", "It is light with a weight of 0.2 pounds making it possible for children to use. It has similar features as those of other swatters.", "The light produced can serve as a torch; thus the rate of killing insect during night-time is improved. The technical specification is weak, but it has the lower price than the latter. Its batteries produce lower volts, 2,600v as compared to the previous swatters. Also, it is heavy making its usage hard for poorly exercised muscles.", "The client’s reviews have placed it to be the best among the swatters. It has 3,000 volts and can be used against large bugs. The product lacks 3-layer mesh, unlike the previous swatters. It operates on alkaline batteries, and it is much heavy with the weight of 0.7 pounds Electric Fly Swatters", "In buying outdoor garden furniture, there are certain factors you need to check for first to ensure that you spend your money on furniture pieces that will truly answer your needs. Budget is of course an important factor that you need to consider in shopping for your home and outdoor furnishings, but aside from that, the other factors where you could use more helpful information about include furniture material, style, size versus available space, comfort, and maintenance requirements. These five factors are further discussed in this simple but essential guide to buying the right outdoor furniture.", "Outdoor furniture is typically made of materials that can resist the elements better, such as rattan, timber, wrought-iron, aluminum, and stainless steel. Choose natural plant materials for an easy outdoorsy feel, or more modern metal materials for added character and spunk.", "Furniture style largely depends on material. Small wrought-iron chairs, for instance, usually have intricate designs that reflect the French style with an antique touch. Chunky timber benches inspire a more rustic ambience, while sleek stainless steel chairs offer sophisticated elegance.", "Take out that measuring tape and work out how much space you actually have for your garden furniture. Take care to leave ample space over for walkways and enough room for other movement; you don’t want your furniture to look like they’ve been crammed in too tightly without enough elbow room left over. Note down the measurements you have made and refer to it while shopping for your outdoor furniture, whether you’re just looking at online catalogs or visiting physical furniture showrooms. Do not commit to buying furniture without checking whether its dimensions will comfortably fit your available space. No matter how elegant the design or high-quality the material, if the piece doesn’t actually fit the area, it will be of no practical use to you and you’ll end up wasting time, money, and effort.", "Your garden furniture will not be there for mere display; they need to be functional pieces you can not only use, but actually enjoy using. The key to this is checking for comfort before purchasing furniture pieces such as sofa sets, chairs, sun loungers, daybeds, and deck chairs. If you’re buying a rattan chair, for instance, sit in it and get a feel for fit and comfort. Is the chair seat roomy enough to fit you front to back and side to side, but without having you feel dwarfed by its size? If it comes with a cushion—which is recommended, to prevent sagging over time—does it have ample padding? If you’re shopping for a rattan dining set, check that the seat heights are appropriate for the table height, and that the table’s legs give the sitters plenty of clearance.", "Maintenance needs are determined by furniture material. All-weather wicker rattan furniture will need a simple routine cleaning involving a soapy but not wet wiping using a soft cloth, and air-drying it afterwards. You may use a small toothbrush dipped in soapsuds to reach the small crevices in woven furniture, but you would need to be careful not to soak rattan furniture. As for aluminum, stainless steel, or plastic furniture, you can hose them down with warm water to clear away airborne dust and dirt. With wrought-iron metal chairs made of more traditional heavy cast iron, you will need to protect them from rust by protecting them from rain exposure and performing routine repainting.", "Removing a dying or dead tree can be a very challenging task, especially because safety is a significant concern in the whole scenario. It is best to leave it up to the pros who have been doing this for a while.", "The process is tree removal can be tricky, but the five steps mentioned below could make it easy for you. So here are few things you need to keep in mind.", "After examining the tree to check whether it is diseased, dying, or dead, there are specific steps that need to be kept in mind. These steps may seem easy for homeowners, but it is always better to hire professionals to do the job.", "1. Clearing the Area – When you plan on removing a large tree, you will require a significant amount of space to let the tree lay flat after it is removed. Therefore, you will have to estimate the height and accordingly clear the immediate area in the vicinity.", "In order to do so, you will have to sift through the tree. You need to see in which direction is the tree leaning naturally. It will be of great help in determining the best direction for the fall. If there are signs of decay, there are high chances that the tree may collapse and not fall where it was previously intended.", "2. Picking Up an Escape Route – Sometimes the tree may fall out of control, and in such situations, you will require a clear path to scape and run in the other direction. Keep a tab on the areas near the tree that does not have any obstacles. All in all, you have to be prepared for everything.", "3. Gathering the Right Equipment – when The size of the tree will determine the kind of equipment you will need for cutting the tree down. You can either go with a handsaw, but in case of larger trees, you will need a chainsaw. If you do not have the right equipment with you just go for tree removal services within your location. For example if you are based in NSW, Sydney you can search for phrases like tree pruning Sydney, NSW to find services near to your location.", "4. Starting the Undercut and Backcut – After scoping the area out, you will have a pretty good idea of the fall’s direction. You will have to cut a 45-degree angle V-shape near the bottom then to induce the fall. After it is done, a cut must be made from the opposite side as well.", "5. Moving away – Right after cutting the tree, you will have to walk away and alert others around you about the falling tree.", "After the tree has fallen on the ground, you will be able to remove the branches very easily. You can also cut the log into several pieces for transporting it away from the site.", "Social life in Australia involves quite a few outdoor events, blessed as we are with such a wonderful climate for much of the year, though the weather isn’t perfect every day, which is why so many homes and businesses are adding some cover for their outdoor areas. A shower of rain can really put a dampener on your barbecue, or have customers trying to grab their bits and pieces, along with their lunch, to scurry inside quickly. And of course, sometimes the weather is just too good, with a clear blue sky, without a cloud in sight, with you and your guests cooking almost as fast as the food on the grill. Once mostly seen on camping sites, attached to the caravan or tent, the awning has found a new lease of life not only to provide shade and shelter in the back yard, but for many of our favourite eateries too.", "One of the beauties of an awning, is that it provides an excellent level of cover from the sun’s rays, and will keep everyone dry in all but very nasty and blustery storms. There is nothing really complicated about them and even the kids can extend or retract them simply. While many choose the retractable type operated by a simple crank handle, the motor operated variety sees it slide out smoothly, providing cover in seconds.", "Awnings are available in an immensely wide range of colours and styles, so you can choose one which fits in perfectly with your home and surroundings, or choose something bright and vibrant, to catch the eye and reflect your mood. Restaurants and cafes can similarly use them for advertising themselves, or key brands available within, providing marketing opportunities as well as protection.H", "Fixed and retracting folding awnings in Melbourne and across the country are finding themselves in more and more places around the home and business. We have come to think of them as jutting out from a building to provide cover for the garden deck, or the café, but are more frequently being used in other areas too. Many a balcony now sports an awning, to provide shade and cover, while people enjoy the elevated views. Freestanding models also offer the same great looks and protection for the swimming pool or an extended garden patio.", "Fitting an awning to your property is an extremely simple and fairly cheap home improvement, with the majority of installations installed in a very short period of time, especially when fitted to the side of a building. Any of your outdoor areas where you seek an extension to the natural shade provided can be inexpensively achieved. Not only do you have the benefit of the cover right now, to keep everyone protected while you are in the property, it can also be beneficial when it comes time to sell, by providing extra style and flare, though you also have the option of swiftly uninstalling it and taking it with you. Such is its versatility, it’s pretty likely to be able to be swiftly refitted to your new home too.", "With remote control options, as well as sensors for sun, rain, wind and even timers, making the property look good while controlling the outdoor environment has never been so easy.", "If you enjoy improving your home and are looking to add value to the property, while also providing a new level of comfort, there are many ways to do this. Of course, you can’t do everything at once and by prioritising your projects, you can gradually add features, as and when you are ready. If you are planning for next year’s home improvement projects, here are a few great ideas that will boost the value of your home, while providing you with a new level of comfort.", "The garden is an integral part of the living space for most of the year and shading is an essential requirement. Rather than mess around with that old rope and pulley system, why not install a state of the art folding arm awning? There are established suppliers of folding arm awnings in Melbourne who tailor the units to fit perfectly and with motorised solutions, you have effortless adjustment. A wide range of rich fabrics offer stylish and elegant shading that blends in with your home, and as the units are fabricated to fit the terrace, you can be sure of a first-class installation.", "If you want to add some character to your home, made to measure plantation shutters will do the trick. With a choice of real timber or composite materials, plantation shutters allow you to decide how much shade and privacy you want, and by dealing with an established provider, you can examine the many design options. Aluminium shutters are an ideal choice; easy to keep clean and there are some stunning powder coated colours to enhance your interior. If you would like to explore the potential that plantation shutters offer, there are online companies that can easily be found with a Google search, and they would likely send a technician to your home to discuss the many options.", "The ultimate in home security, made to measure aluminium roller shutters offer the homeowner a whole host of benefits – aside from the obvious security – roller shutters greatly improve thermal and sound insulation, and storm damage is a thing of the past once you have roller shutters installed on the windows and doors. With a choice of motorised or hand cranked units, roller shutters are designed to blend in with the surroundings, with slimline frames and the internal mechanism protected in aluminium casing. Auto locking ensures you don’t go out and forget to fasten the shutters, and whenever you are away on holiday, you can rest assured that your home is safe.", "These are just a few ways in which you can improve the home, and by searching online for local suppliers, you can quickly get the ball rolling. Permanent shading in the form of a folding arm awning would be high on the list of priorities, and once that is covered, window shutters would complete the look.", "We are all caught eating junk and fast food almost all the time. The toll it takes on our health and bills are significant if you look at the accumulated costs at the end of the year. Going green is the best option we have these days. Given the nature of the planet’s health along with our individual health, we ought to start taking better care of ourselves. The benefits and profits are far more than the effort required. Like growing your own food. Imagine saving all the costs you could on food and be sure of its quality because it literally grew on your own backyard.", "You can have a long list of items that you can grow in your own home. You just need to get a sense of what it takes to be a good gardener and you’ll be eating your homegrown delicious vegetables in no time. You can also have a digital setup with smart devices that can take care of the plantation for you. For which, you can also have apps on your phones that allow you to monitor their growth and health so you can leave them without a worry.", "When you are planting potatoes, make sure you do so in February or March. Potatoes are healthy and they can make for a great side vegetable that can be added to any dish to make it worthwhile. Potatoes are grown in potato bags. Add compost to the bag and keep adding compost when you see buds shooting up from the ground. Patience is the key with all vegetables and after 10-20 weeks, you will start to see the foliage die back. That’s the time you should dig up the soil and get your potatoes.", "If you are looking for an evergreen veggie, you should try Peas. Not only are they available all through the year, they only take 2-3 months to grow. Although some experts would advise a chicken wire or something similar to make the stem erect. Peas are nutritious, tasty and go well with other ingredients.", "Spring onions are known for making any salad crunchy and enjoyable. One problem with Spring Onion plants is that they can be a target of onion fly but if you plant mint near it, that should resolve the issue. These plants can be grown in pots as well as under the ground. Try sowing them in March to provide favorable conditions. You can expect the onions to be ripe in about 8 weeks. You should let them flower before you harvest.", "Use enhanced tech to help you grow your own food. You can search online for smart sprinklers and monitor systems and read reviews like mobicip to get a better understanding of the kind of tech that’s available these days. Let’s use our tools to save ourselves rather than to amuse ourselves.", "More homeowners these days are discovering the benefits of decorating with plants, and literally greening the home has been on trend in recent years. Besides adding glam and color to your home’s aesthetics, another advantage it provides is wellness. They give off oxygen while absorbing carbon dioxide, and helps purify the indoor air you breathe.", "Group pots of greenery in odd numbers for a casual look. The symmetry of an even-numbered grouping makes the arrangement appear more formal.", "Color choice depends on your preference. Similar hues provide cohesiveness but if you’re aiming for variety in your décor, opt for foliage featuring different colors.", "Like plant color, pots can be expressions of your design taste. You can have a set arrangement using plant containers of the same color and texture, or use variety to lend a more eclectic ambiance.", "As living things, plants have preferred conditions. Be aware of these needs and make them part of your houseplant care routine. Some thrive in a moist environment while others like lots of light.", "Incorporating plants in your décor is not that difficult to do. Try bringing nature inside your home with these simple but stylish suggestions.", "Empty corners in your home can be tricky to decorate, and plants provide a way for you to get creative. Putting indoor trees like yucca and ficus in colorful Huge Commercial Planters takes care of the awkward space.", "Don’t throw away old dinnerware. Instead, use these to create tiny indoor gardens in your home. Arrange different kinds of succulents in a soup tureen, teacup or glass and top the soil with colored marbles to add more charm.", "Think of indoor plants as living sculptures or artwork. Let them cascade over vessels to lend a sense of movement to your living room.", "Alternatively, mimic a still life painting with an assembly of tiny succulents. Combine round and pointy shapes with shiny and matte surfaces, tying them together using a specific color scheme.", "Create a green haven within your bedroom by trading one of your bedside lamps with a pot of fern or peace lily. Adding a sturdy plant in a sunny corner provides freshness. Greenery in the bedroom can help absorb pollutants from the air so that you breathe in purer air every time you get your beauty sleep.", "Plants are an affordable way to freshen up your interiors. Whether your style preference is modern, traditional, minimalist, or eclectic; there is greenery to match it. Different species provide you with a range of colors, textures, and shapes to choose from. When you incorporate plants in your design, you not only breathe more life into your home but also enjoy the healing properties they provide.", "There are so many wrongs things that can happen to your garden. You will lose all you have worked hard to build if you are not careful enough. You need to take some precautions to keep your garden healthy and productive.", "You also need to protect your garden from pests, frost and freeze on winters. This article will give you general tips to help you take care and protect your garden:", "Weeds compete for nutrients with your crops, thus your crops might not do well. They also make your garden look untidy. There are several methods you can use to keep weeds off your garden. Some of the methods include mulching, use of chemicals or you can use the weed control fabric. The weed control fabric may not apply in all situations but it will surely help. There are other natural methods of removing and controlling weeds from your garden. Pick one that is effective and affordable for you.", "Always ensure that the manure you use for your garden is fully composted. The benefits of using well composted manure is that it produces high temperatures that help kill pathogens in the soil. When it is not fully composted, it may introduce bacteria or diseases to the soil that may harm your crops. For example, when an infected plant is not fully decomposed, the infection is carried back to the soil.", "It is important that you water your garden regularly to keep your plants healthy and lush. However, you need to ensure that you are doing it well. The pathogens and bacteria in the soil also need water to grow and multiply. You should water your crops at the root level only.", "Having a garden row cover is a clever move for your garden. It helps shield and protect your garden in so many ways. The original use of the row cover is to protect your garden from frost and freeze during winter. The thick fabric is used to protect the garden from frost and freeze. It can be used to shield your garden from pest and insects. You can use the lighter fabric row cover to keep off the insects. In summer, the garden row cover is used as sun screen for crops. Remember to leave the garden with enough air circulation when using the row covers. Additionally, they help prevent instances of cross pollination. This is important if you are keen on the variety of crops you grow.", "Applying too much or the wrong fertilizer will not only damage the soil, but it might damage the roots of the crops. This affects their ability to absorb water causing low yields. Know the type of soil in your garden and the suitable fertilizer to apply.", "Proper care and maintenance of your garden will give you great yields. Most of these methods and tips are inexpensive. These tips will help you to take care of your garden.", "Nasty mosquitos can be one of the problems in a home. When they sting its itchy and may cause diseases. The foggers are handy in ridding them. They create a fog when the insecticide solution is sprinkled. The fog is able to penetrate into the depth of grass, trees and bushes making them the best alternative. Here are foggers worth trying; –", "This propane fogger is a reliable product. It is a thermal fogger making it suitable for outdoor use. It is effective in killing even in damp and marshy regions. It holds up to 40 Oz and uses the insecticide without wastage. The fog does not damage trees or shrubs when droplets fall on them.", "The fogger is easy to set up and use and operates using electricity. Though it has not become very popular the few customers have expresses satisfaction in its effectiveness. The fogger can be used for both indoors and outdoors purposes. It is effective in eradicating mosquitoes, molds, spiders, roaches and bugs. It sprays 4000 sq. ft of territory and has a tank volume of 1 gallon, the approximate insecticide needed for 1000 sq feet is 1 quart of the insecticide. The fogger sprinkles up to thirty feet. After spraying the fog covers the area to up to 25 to 30 mins. One defect is that it is expensive.", "This propane powered fogger is effective in getting rid of mosquitoes and midges. It is easy to operate and fast acting giving up to 4 days of mosquito- free time. However, it requires safety measures as the flogging fluid can shoot flames mosquito foggers.", "It the successor of burgess 1443 however it uses electricity instead of propane. Very effective for outdoor use. A compatible insecticide is recommended for use. Treatment may last 3 to 5 hours or longer offering protection by vaporizing the insecticide killing mosquitos and other biting insects. Dissatisfaction by the users has been expressed, stating that it does not have any effect on the number of mosquitos.", "Its engine operates using petrol. Not only can it be used as a fogger but also can also be used in pest control. It can also be used with both liquids and dust. Users feedback is positive, it is highly recommended for its speed and works without any mechanical issues. However, it is expensive and assembly manuals, to others, may not be so helpful.", "Black Flag 190255 fogging insecticide works with a variety of foggers such as black flag, burgess, and repel thermal fogger. When sprayed it kills the mosquitos and offer protection few hours up to 3 days. It’s well for use.", "If you’re looking for a gratifying hobby, cultivating your own plants in a greenhouse may be right for you. To ensure your success as a beginner, checkout the following tips:", "Before you get a start plotting out your growing schedule, buy the correct materials. For starters, purchase the following basics:", "Seeds are the most cost-efficient option for newbies. You may also avail of starters that are sold at plant nurseries.", "Make sure that you’re choosing durable and disease-resistant plants. Cultivate plants that are easy to care for and won’t die easily. Here are a few examples:", "You need suitable containers for growing your plants. Check that the containers you choose are deep enough to contain the plant’s root system. Otherwise, your plants won’t thrive. Additionally, make sure you sterilize your containers properly before using them.", "Do not plant on unsterilized soil as it may contain parasites and bacteria that will harm your seedlings. If you still prefer to use soil that’s collected straight from the ground or used before, sterilize it. The best option, however, is to invest your money and buy fresh sterile soil.", "You’ll need fertilizer to boost the growth of your plants. Note that most of the commercial soil being sold in stores already have nutrients in them to feed plants for approximately three weeks. So, be careful not to overuse fertilizer when you’re beginning. To be safe, give fertilizer a little bit at a time. You may start by giving a diluted fertilizer solution and then slowly strengthen the solution per week.", "Make sure to choose clothes that are fit for gardening chores. Interestingly, you have to avoid wearing bright-colored outfits because these attract insects that will follow you inside your greenhouse.", "Make sure you wear gardening boots that properly protect your feet while you work in your greenhouse. Check out online sites such as workboothub.com for a list of the best gardening boots you can choose from.", "In late spring up to the summer months, sufficient light will reach your plants in the greenhouse. If you want to plant year-round, you need to invest in a supplementary lighting system so that you can continue to cultivate healthy plants all throughout autumn and winter.", "When you’re starting out and have a small crop, a regular fluorescent strip hung 3 to 7 inches over your plants will be enough. Once you have a bigger area, upgrade your lighting system to LED grow lights. These are quite the popular choice as they conserve energy while lighting up larger areas.", "Follow these basic tips and continue to research the best practices for making your greenhouse thrive. The effort you put into your very own greenhouse will definitely be worth it!", "If you thought your gardening skills would be put to rest during the winter, you were wrong. Your plants need you more than ever in order to survive Winter. While some plants are sturdy and capable of surviving a freeze, others cannot. Give everything in your garden a fighting chance to make it through even the coldest winter.", "When plants freeze, their cellular design is damaged. This often results in death. Avoid this from happening by keeping your plants as warm as possible. At night, consider covering your plants with straw or fleece. Uncover them during the day so they absorb plenty of sunlight.", "Trees, especially those designed to survive cold weather, are still susceptible to damage. Instead of worrying about their leaves, it’s more important to keep their roots warm by pouring a thick layer of mulch around the base of each tree.", "If you have especially tender plants in your garden, they should be transplanted to a pot. This way, you can easily move them indoors to a warmer environment such as a winter greenhouse until the temperatures outside rise once again.", "During the winter, your lawn becomes very vulnerable. Avoid running and playing on it as it may damage the surface. Instead, make winter a time when your lawn gets to rest.", "It’s also important to fertilize your lawn during the winter so that it gets enough nutrients to thrive. If you saved all of the leaves and trimmings from autumn, then you should have a hefty compost pile. You can also bring in additional loam to ensure your lawn is properly cared for.", "Plant new varieties of trees and shrubs in your garden. The soil should be perfectly moist for new roots to grow deep into the ground. Choose species that are known for being hardy during the cold months, like evergreens.", "Add mulch around the seedlings to keep them warm and protected. If the weather gets too windy, it may be necessary to tie the tree to a stake for additional support. Any snow or ice should be gently removed from the branches as soon as possible.", "Birds and other wildlife are vital to the health of your garden. Beautiful to watch, they also eat insects that may otherwise damage your plants. That’s why you should place some feeders around your property. You’ll be pleasantly surprised by the assortment of winter birds flying into your garden for a meal every day.", "Temperatures are dropping so do not ignore your garden. In fact, you need to spend even more time tending to the needs of your plants to ensure they survive until spring.", "By taking the necessary steps to carefor your garden now, you’re sure to have a beautiful, blossoming garden comewarmer weather. If you need any tips, look for a local tradesman skilled at gardening.", "If you have decided to flex your green thumb on an indoor basis rather than outside, you’ve likely given a great deal of thought already to the prospect of building a grow room. This can be conducted in various spaces throughout the home, depending on the size that you need. Some people are fully satisfied with a closet-sized space, while others require an entire master bedroom to conduct their growing operations.", "One thing that remains consistent in any of these situations, however, is the necessity of recreating a natural environment for one’s plants. This includes lights and water sources, and also a fair amount of HVAC-related tech. While the necessity for ventilation is well-known in these circumstances, what’s lesser known is exactly why this is.", "You’ve probably been in a room with no airflow before. No windows to open, no fans to run, making the air stifling and thick. This isn’t fun to deal with, and it’s no fun for your plants, either. Adequate airflow mimics the air that they would receive if they were growing naturally (i.e. outdoors), which can strengthen the stems of plants as they grow.", "When growing indoors to keep your business private or simply to produce a greater yield than you could with whatever outdoor space is available to you, monitoring the temperature of your grow room is key. Grow lights throw a substantial amount of heat, but it’s important that the room not be made too hot by the temperatures produced by your lighting-system. This can be alleviated, to a degree, with the implementation of lights that throw a bit less heat.", "The humidity in the air is another thing that you will need to pay diligent attention toward if you are trying to grow anything inside. Excess moisture in the air, paired with the heat given off by your growing equipment, can result in mold and completely ruin your crop. A properly installed HVAC-system will remove extra humidity in the air and make it easier to keep track of the humidity levels in your grow room.", "Chances are, you want to avoid making the outside of your house reek like the inside of your grow room. The most effective way to minimize or even eliminate this issue is to install a ventilation system that will filter out the smell of your growing crop. You’ll also want an HVAC-system with a high-quality MERV 13 filter that will keep the air in your grow room as healthy as possible-a plus for you and your plants.", "Growing-indoors means that there are a lot of specific steps that you must take to ensure a proper growing environment. Essentially, one must synthesize the environment of the outdoors (particularly from a region wherein the plant grows especially well). This means that there is a lot of tech going into this project, and you want to get the most out of it.", "Do you find yourself always tending to your lawn and keeping it neat? Gardening is one of the most therapeutic hobbies you can do at home. Some people even level up their landscaping hobby by purchasing tools and types of machinery to grow and cultivate their plants properly. Gardening can be tedious if you get into it seriously and you’ll need some extra help using heavy equipment to maintain your garden.", "A skid-steer loader consists of heavy equipment parts like wheel bearings and loader-arms. It can also have various attachments depending on the kind of work you want to do – if it’s snowing, you can clear out the snow in your yard with a snowblower attachment or if you need to do excavating jobs you can attach a backhoe to it.", "For a typical homeowner, a small-frame skid steer is best in doing landscaping, hauling, and moving garden materials. Since it is lightweight and compact, it’s easy to maneuver around. It’s a base motor equipment for several heavy-duty tasks and its versatility can save you more money in the long run.", "Having a cultivated soil is always best for making a great garden for your backyard. Your soil is the foundation for creating planting beds to growing your vegetation by having it neatly leveled, graded, and pulverized.", "You will need a landscape tiller to make your soil ready for planting – it needs to be broken apart due to rocks, weeds and mostly compacted soil that’s hard to tackle. The tiller will do the heavy labor for you; it will also mix up the compost so that your land will be conducive to planting your flowers, vegetables, or even Bermuda grass.", "Seasons change, and you need to grow several different kinds of plants that go with it, and tilling the soil makes it easier for your plants to grow abundantly.", "Mowing is an activity you need to do to keep your yards neat and trimmed. If you’re just starting to landscape your residence, you may want to purchase a small lawn tractor. These are often called ride-on lawnmowers which are motorized and are suitable for medium-sized lawns going up to an acre.", "These types of mowing tractors have advanced features, a wide-array of adjustable cutting decks, and come with better engines. Research on what kind of tractors are right for your area and this will definitely be an excellent investment for you.", "Your garden, an outdoor space in your house, is in need of tender loving care throughout the year. Weather changes from time to time and it may affect your soil and plants; you need to prepare yourself in doing hard labor for a number of times to maintain your landscape. Gardening is not a simple task, but it’s worth doing when you see your flowers bloom in your backyard.", "Your shed is a beneficial part of your property, but it is usually overlooked and undervalued. It is where homeowners store unused items, tools, supplies, and anything that won’t fit inside the house, so things get quickly out of control if you’re not aware of the do’s and don’ts of shed organization. Let’s get started!", "While you can save creating your DIY shed, why not look at great garden sheds online? These are ready-made are now available to make your life a lot easier. It is crucial to have a well-designed garden shed because it usually stores dangerous substances. Ready-made garden sheds are engineered and built by professionals to ensure that homeowners will have less hassle organizing their stuff. If you’re ready to get organized, make sure that your existing shed can handle order. If not, invest in a new one.", "Shelving is an essential aspect of shed organization. Before you start piling things in your shed, be sure to have an adequate number of shelves. Organize the items according to what you use the most. For example, you can store everyday tools within easy reach and somewhere where you can easily see them. Stow rarely used items on top. To prevent nasty incidents, put bulky or heavy items at floor level.", "In your free time, it would be nice to declutter your home to get rid of the things you need to throw away. Sometimes we store unwanted items in our shed thinking that they can still be used in the future. However, they may get damaged over time, rendering them unusable. Remove residential rubbish as early as possible to prevent accumulating trash in your shed. You can always repurpose old cupboards and shed furniture to save money.", "Your hardware and cleaning tools, like forks, spades, hoes, and brooms are all necessary, so you need to organize them in a shovel rack. You can create a shovel rack from a piece of plywood with slots or using an old pallet. Attach the shovel rack securely on the wall.", "Attaching pegboard on the walls enable you to hang all types of tools, making them accessible and also saving space. You can hang your power tools, hand tools, sprinklers, hoses, paintbrushes, and gardening shears. Make your pegboards fun and bright by painting them with different colors which also serve as codes for tool organization.", "Small metal items, such as screws, clips, pins, nails, bolts, and other hardware bits can be stored in repurposed mason jars. A door shoe organizer is a good place to store your seed packets.", "Hooks are your best buddies in your garden shed. You can use them to hang tools such as secateurs and trowels. Hook your tools on a shower curtain rail, old palette, or a window frame.", "Convert ply boards into a useful space or shelving up top. You can hang your big bikes from the ceiling so that you can reclaim some floor space. You can even use an old PVC pipe as a fishing rod holder.", "Magnets can do wonders for shed organizing. A magnetic tool holder and magnetic knife rack can store pliers, files, screwdrivers, and other metal tools.", "You can make a perfect hose hanger out of an old bucket or cable-spool. A wall-mounted cylinder or an old car wheel can be converted into a hose hanger. By doing so, your garden hose is accessible and ready whenever you need to water your geraniums, organic veggies, and all sorts of your plants in your greenhouse or garden.", "Storing paint in your shed will leave it unusable over time due to temperature fluctuations. Store paint in dry places where the temperatures are low, such as closet indoors or basements. Contact your local recycling agency to dispose of old paint.", "Paper products, such as napkins and paper towels, and pet food can attract rodents and bugs. Store these products separately and away from high temperatures.", "Immediately dispose of trash and don’t dump unused items in your shed. If you’re 100% sure that items are not usable anymore, it is best to get rid of them.", "Organizing your shed can be fun and exciting, allowing you to use your resourcefulness and creativity. There are many things you can find at home that can be repurposed as shed organizers. While you can create your DIY garden shed, you can always purchase ready-made garden sheds online if you’re too busy or don’t have the interest to build one. Every home repair and maintenance activity is made easier and faster if you have a well-designed and organized shed. Happy organizing!", "If you’ve invested a lot of money in outdoor furniture, or you are thinking about buying a new outdoor item, you should know how to maintain and care for it to ensure its longevity. Due to its location, outdoor furniture is more prone to deterioration. If you keep to a schedule and clean your furniture on a monthly basis, it helps maintain a good appearance and makes your furniture last a lot longer.", "You’ll find some lovely pieces of outdoor furniture made from wicker, to ensure you keep these items looking great, you must maintain them in the best way possible. Outdoor wicker furniture can be easily cleaned using a garden hose or pressure washer. All you have to do is remove the cushions and spray away excess dirt. There may be some stubborn stains on the furniture, so it is advisable to use warm water and soap to tackle these areas. Once the wicker has dried, you can apply a wax to the frame to protect the furniture, if your wicker isn’t water-resistant, you’ll need an added layer of protection.", "Metal furniture is very easy to care for and maintain, it is highly durable and simple to keep clean. Most types of outdoor metal furniture like wrought iron and aluminium can be cleaned using soap and water, they don’t require any special type of cleaning solution.", "Modern outdoor metal furniture is coated with a protective adhesive, this is designed to protect the material from rust and corrosion. If you purchase outdoor furniture in Melbourne from a reputable supplier, the items should be rust-free and rust-resistant. If the metal isn’t, you’ll need to buy a wax adhesive from your local hardware store to protect the material. If you don’t take steps to protect the metal, it will start to corrode and lose its visual appeal. Corrosion can affect your furniture’s structural integrity, making it dangerous to use.", "This type of outdoor furniture does require a little extra attention, it isn’t as durable as other items on the market. Some types of cushions gather mildew, while others are mildew resistant, it all depends on where you buy your products. If you need to clean them, you’ll have to use bleach and solution to keep them looking new.", "Many homeowners forget that umbrellas need to be cleaned and maintained on a regular basis. Umbrellas are great for several reasons, they help to protect other outdoor furniture by providing cover from the sun during the hot summer months. If they’ve been in storage, they’ll need to be thoroughly cleaned once opened out. It is important to oil the joints and wash the cover using a soft- bristled brush.", "If you plan on looking after your outdoor furniture and keeping it looking great well into the future, you must clean and maintain each part. Outdoor furniture is a great investment, especially during the summer months when you can really enjoy the weather. If you fail to maintain your furniture, it will quickly degrade and lose its visual appeal.", "Plants love the warm, humid, cozy protection of a greenhouse. The problem is that pests and diseases do also. We have to get rid of them to keep our precious plants healthy. A deep cleaning does not only that but also improves the overall aesthetics of the greenhouse. It’s a job—there’s no doubt about that, but it helps if you break the chore down into the simple steps below rather than careen from one task to another and back again. Luckily enough, the folks at HousewaresInsider.com have compiled a short list of handy steps to follow.", "That would be everything: plants, soil, weeds, debris of any kind, containers, equipment, clutter that somehow made its way into your greenhouse. There can be no place for any creepy crawlers or pathogens to hide", "“Shop vac” or sweep down walls, internal structures and peripherals, such as tables, benches and containers. Start at the top where dangerous organisms lurk in such places as rafters and window ledges. Clean the floor of the assorted debris that gathers there: soil, organic matter, weeds, broken pottery shards.", "Now scrub or power wash everything. If you use soap, be sure that it is a gentle, natural soap that leaves no residue. Otherwise, rinse very thoroughly to remove any residue. Hydrogen peroxide-based products are both user- and environment-friendly. Garden disinfectants work fine, as do specialty greenhouse cleaners combining sulfuric acid and wetting agents. Whatever you use, it is of utmost importance that you follow manufacturer’s directions.", "Wood tables and benches and any concrete areas (and, actually, any textured surface) need special attention. They are favorite places for root rot diseases, algae and insects to breed. If you are going to reuse containers, clean thoroughly to remove all soil and debris even if there has been no problems with disease.", "Plants need all the sunlight they can get. Keeping the glass clean is a “must do.” Begin by lifting of any moss or algae with any utensil that won’t scratch the glass, but you really can’t beat those plastic plant labels that can get into every crack and crevice. Wash the glass with a firm brush and a mild all- purpose liquid cleaner that doesn’t need rinsing. Open the windows to speed up drying and give the hinges a quick fix of WD-40 while you’re at it.", "To clean the gutters, put on rubber gloves and scoop out the accumulated debris. Use a wire coat hanger to “ream out” the top of fall pipes. Then use the hose to sluice away the remaining dirt.", "To clean water butts, tip over to drain out any standing water. Scrub out the inside with a coarse brush and rinse with clean water.", "Are you ready to resolve to keep the greenhouse clean? Not only to save yourself work but also because it’s easier and less expensive to prevent insect infestation and diseases than to deal with them once they have settled in. Some routine preventive measures:", "Trees are an essential component to any outdoor area, as they provide essential shading and screening, not to mention a healthy dose of greenery that gives the garden texture and depth. Most Australian homeowners are familiar with the term “tree lopping” and while you might think that lopping is something to be carried out at certain times of a tree’s life, research suggests that this practice is actually harmful to the tree.", "According to the Tree Protection Act of 2005, it is illegal to lop a tree, and their definition of lopping is to make cuts at the fork of a tree between the branch unions, while the correct practice, pruning, is to cut branches after the union, which allows the tree to develop in a healthy way. Lopping a tree is likely to cause severe xylem dysfunction and decay in the major branches of the tree and this will result in the tree forming a layer of new wood around a decaying core, which can be very dangerous.", "If a mature tree actually survives the lopping process, it will require very careful management as the tree develops, with extra weight being added by the new growth, while the dysfunctional inner core is not able to hold this extra weight. Rather than cutting off a main branch, the branches that run off the main bough can be trimmed back to a point just after the branch union and this achieves the objective, yet does not harm the core sections of the tree.", "If you think your garden trees need some attention, source an eco-friendly arborist and one that understands that tree lopping is not advisable under any circumstances. If the tree is in a bad condition, perhaps removal is the best solution and with stump grinding, all remnants will be removed and you can use that patch of ground for something else. While there might be many companies offering tree lopping in Perth, look for one that complies with the Tree Protection Act and therefore does not practice tree lopping – which is also known as tree topping.", "A qualified arborist will employ pruning techniques to reshape a tree or remove dead branches, which is not harmful, in fact, correct pruning promotes healthy growth. An arborist would know how a tree can be cut back without causing damage and always has the tree’s best interests at heart. Shaping can be carried out in such a way that the removed branches will not hinder healthy growth and rather than simply taking away branches to achieve the desire shape and size, the arborist will only remove what he can without harming the tree.", "There are cases when tree removal is not the best solution and if the tree is old, then lopping is a manageable way to help the tree finish its lifecycle. The lopping would be a precursor to removal, which might be scheduled a few years from now, yet the instances when tree lopping is suitable are rare indeed.", "Large trees can weigh anything up to 50 tonnes and lopping such a tree could very easily put people and property at serious risk. There would be no outer signs of a problem, as the core timber is decaying slowly, and with so much weight to support, some species simply crack under the strain, sending a bough of a few tonnes crashing to the ground.", "Once you have managed to locate a qualified arborist, it is advisable to let him schedule any tree work that needs to be done. He would know the best time of the year to prune back and would ensure a balance of natural beauty and good health.", "Food is the source of survival for every living thing. Yet, if contaminated, it can become the foundation of sickness, caused by bacteria. This can happen when food is grown in contaminated soil. Is it safe to garden near your septic system? No, it is not safe for vegetables. The water and wastewater measurement are too difficult for the non professional gardener.", "Too many of these illnesses have occurred throughout history to ignore them, or the environment that causes them. Vegetables may flourish with any kind of fertilizer. Yet, that does not mean it is good for the body. Pollutants grow into food and food goes into the body. Therefore, you want to keep the food healthy from the seed.", "Plants can get rain-splashed soil from the contaminated area. It is necessary to wash any plant before cooking. However, a plant touched by septic bacteria may not respond to washing and bacteria may spread to other parts of the home.", "Some plants help septic system absorption. Plants that are not deep-rooted assist the system without choking septic lines. Plants take nutrients, and this helps the soil absorb better. However, choose plants carefully in order to avoid destroying the septic system, which will cause expensive repairs.", "This is something home gardeners are usually not equipped to decide. Clay soil provides good absorption. Therefore, a bacterium is unable to move very far from the septic area. However, sandy soil is not as accommodating, and contaminated materials move further. Since sandy soil does not provide the same level of absorption that clay, soil does. Contamination danger is increased. There are few people planting gardens who are soil experts. However, some are just beginning to try at gardening and need assistance with finding the right spot to plant vegetables.", "If plants are kept above the ground, and there is no danger of splash. You can grow them in a septic system area. It is possible to put mulch around the plant so there will be no splash. However, rather than risk contamination, it is better not to grow leafy veggies. Plants placed on structures that keep them above the ground can be grown. However, if you are a lazy gardener and let plants grow any way they like, it would be better if you kept vegetables away from septic system areas.", "Grocery stores and cooking shows are filled with beautiful produce. They make growing vegetables look so easy. Nevertheless, bacteria catch the professionals off guard while growing vegetables. This is even more reason to stay away from planting vegetables near septic systems.", "If you are planning on building your dream home anytime soon, your thoughts will invariably turn to flooring materials sooner or later. You might prefer solid hardwood floors or perhaps Italian marble, but if the budget simply won’t stretch to top end flooring, the next best thing is hybrid flooring, which is a combination of vinyl and laminate. Hybrid flooring is fast becoming the floor material of choice for Australian homeowners and when you consider the many benefits, it’s hardly surprising.", "Stunning Range of Finishes – Technology allows for a high-resolution digital image to be digitally printed onto a very thin membrane, which is just under the outer protective layer of the hybrid flooring. The wide range of finishes includes many timber grains, such as oak, ash, pine and walnut, while marble, granite and travertine finishes are ideal for lovers of stone. The finish is scratch proof and waterproof and very easy to keep clean, making it an obvious choice for Australian homeowners.", "Completely Waterproof – The core of the hybrid flooring plank is made from a mixture of resin, bamboo dust, limestone and virgin PVC. With a solid timber floor, one is always worried about a liquid spillage, yet with hybrid flooring, you can absorb all of the liquid with a sponge or some thick tissue.", "Soft and Silent – Thanks to a thin cork underlay that is attached to the underside of the hybrid plank, the flooring is both soft and silent, making for the perfect walking experience. This cork layer absorbs any slight movement and also acts as an insulator, preventing moisture rising up from the substrate. Once the floor has been professionally laid, there will be zero movement and sound, and with super scratch resistance, you have an elegant, yet extremely durable floor surface.", "Great Value for Money – When you consider that you can have the looks and durability of solid timber or stone for a fraction of the cost, it isn’t hard to understand why hybrid flooring has taken the market by storm. The surface is protected by a specially formulated, scratch resistant outer membrane and the material is incredibly durable.", "Easy Installation – Hybrid flooring can be laid on any substrate and it comes in plank form, which is as easy to cut as timber, and with every length having a special cork backing affixed, there is no need for underlay. It is advisable to order from a supplier who will install the flooring, thus ensuring a smooth and trouble-free installation.", "Hybrid flooring is ideal for high traffic areas like the kitchen and hallway and as the flooring is completely waterproof, it is the perfect choice for the bathroom. If you would like to know more about hybrid flooring, an online search will help you to locate a local supplier and with their help, your dream home will be complete.", "Creating and maintaining a beautiful garden takes hard work and dedication, but the results are certainly worth it. Great gardens come in all shapes and sizes, and contain a number of elements, but at their heart is always one thing of especial importance: the lawn. Your garden lawn should always be the centerpiece of your garden, so if it looks damaged or out of shape, the garden as a whole won’t be seen at its best. Don’t worry, we’ve come up with this handy three-point guide that will help you get a lawn you’ll be proud of all year round.", "We all know that lawns need watering, especially during the hot, dry months of summer, but just how much should you water them and exactly how should you water your lawn? The first thing to note is that the soil type will determine just how much watering it needs, with sandy clay soils needing less watering per session than heavy clay soils, but as it holds less water it will need watering more frequently. Generally speaking, your lawn will need at least an inch of water per week during cooler months and an inch and a half per week at the height of summer. It’s also best to water your lawn in the early morning hours, particularly during the summer when hot temperatures can cause water evaporation before it sinks into the clay beneath the grass.", "Aerating your lawn is a simple process, but when done correctly the results can be spectacular. Put simply, aeration is the act of punching holes in your lawn, and this is especially important if your lawn sees heavy usage. Over time, a lawn’s soil becomes increasingly compact, making it difficult for water to drain away and for it to receive the air and nutrients it needs to thrive. By making holes of approximately three inches in depth, the soil has room to move and breathe, and this leads to a much healthier and vibrant lawn. Aeration can be done by hand or via a special aerating machine, and it should be done at least once a year to soil that’s relatively dry.", "It’s important to fertilize your lawn if you want it to stay looking great throughout the seasons, but some fertilizers contain harsh chemicals which can be harmful to you and your family, wildlife, and plants. That’s why we recommend the use of natural, organic fertilizers, and as an added bonus a recent study into the effectiveness of lawn fertilizers by the prestigious Texas A&M University found that organic materials worked better than synthetic ones.", "When your lawn looks good, you’ll enjoy spending time there even more, and it will also be a great place to meet and greet house guests. Lawn care and maintenance can be as simple as watering it correctly, using organic fertilizer and aerating it on an annual basis.", "Many of us like to work in the garden in the UK and sometimes, we like to do some home renovations as well. As with all work, there is always stuff left over that we don’t want anymore, but there is nowhere to put it. The laws in the UK are quite strict regarding the dumping of unwanted rubbish, so it makes sense to take all the stress away and give it to a company who want to deal with such things. These companies come in the shape of skip hire companies and they have proven themselves to be invaluable.", "There are a number of different skips available for hire and they range from small mini skips to large skip hire in Milton Keynes and surrounding areas. There are skips available that you can just walk your rubbish into them and others that have a lockable lid to keep undesirables out. Whatever you need, it is very likely that these skip hire companies will have the skip for you. The ease in which you can get one is great. You just make a simple phone call, tell them what kind of rubbish you want to dispose of and they will send the right skip around to you immediately.", "When it comes to choosing the right size of skip for your job, this can be a little difficult. Choose one that’s too small and they will have to come back again and again. Choose one that’s too big and you end up paying money for something that you don’t need. The best way is to describe the type of job you are intending to do and the people at the skip hire company will advise you best. Be sure to make sure that there is an area where the skip can be put down quite easily.", "For those of you that may think that hiring a skip is expensive, you couldn’t be more wrong. Hiring a skip has never been cheaper and when you think of the alternatives, then you know you are getting good value for money. Try to do it yourself and you are getting yourself into territory you really don’t want to be in. You need to find transport, load it all up and then unload it all again at the dumping site and maybe have to do it numerous times until it’s all gone. The alternative is to pick up the phone, order a skip and they take it away when it’s full. It’s easy.", "Not only are you getting rid of your rubbish responsibly, but you are also doing your bit to reduce your carbon footprint and to protect Mother Earth. These skip bin companies do all they can do to recycle everything that they pick up and they will only dispatch it to the dumping site when they have exhausted all avenues.", "Hiring a skip has never been easier or cheaper and there is really no excuse for not hiring one, and getting all your rubbish taken away responsibly.", "Every now and then, people encounter intruders in their gardens and they don’t know how to react. Unfortunately, there are many different animal species that can infest your garden and live off of your vegetables, fruits, or even flowers. The thing is, it’s kind of impossible to expect that everyone will know everything about potential infestations and pests.", "That’s why people aren’t strangers to exterminators and wildlife experts, depending on what type of animal we’re talking about. Although, something can be said which I think most people would love to hear. In short, you’re entirely capable of dealing with an infestation yourself. You don’t need any expensive services and people that’ll deal with the infestation instead of you (of course, if you tried everything and nothing works, the exterminators are a good option).", "In this article, we’ll be talking about how you can gain control over your garden and what’s in it by identifying what type of animal is bothering you. We’ll also mention something about how to get rid of mice in the garden (as they’re also a type of pest that may annoy you).", "Each pest can be dealt with as long as you know what you’re doing. But before you actually start researching about the various methods to get rid of vermin from your garden, you’ll need to figure out what exactly is ruining it.", "The most common pests found in the garden are raccoons, mice, rats, and others. With the exception of mice and rats, killing wildlife isn’t exactly allowed (unless you have a permit, and some US states don’t allow those either).", "You best hope that you’re dealing with mice or rats because it will take a bit more effort for anything else.", "Once you’ve identified the enemy, you’ll be entirely capable of setting up your defenses. When talking about mice or rats, your best bet would be to get traps. And, luckily for everyone, there are many different traps available. For example, snap traps are great against mice but not very effective against rats.", "Then again, there are specific rat traps as well. But, if we’re talking about raccoons, squirrels, or even moles – you won’t exactly be able to kill them. Just to be safe, make sure you use live traps (otherwise called catch & release traps). Also, bait choice is very important so be sure to educate yourself on this as well. Peanut butter should work great for most pests, but again, knowledge is everything.", "And that’s basically it. Place your traps in potent trap locations such as entry points (doors, windows...), and throughout your garden. Also, make sure you keep your garden clean and without clutter. Most pests will have to find shelter, water, and food. The entire process isn’t difficult, but if you, for whatever reason, can’t clear out your garden – call the professionals. Additionally, ask them for some tips so if there’s another infestation, you have a bit more knowledge with you!", "The British summer can be unpredictable at the best of times and this year we seem to be enjoying an ongoing heatwave of epic proportions and as the summer draws to an end, it is time to think about some pre-winter gardening. It is natural for all plants and fauna to sleep during the colder months and there are some important jobs to get out of the way before autumn sets in, which will help your flowers, trees and shrubs better deal with the onset of winter.", "Heavy Dose of Watering – In the heat of the summer, your lawn and border plants will require a healthy regular dose of water, especially the lawn and this helps to prepare for the winter. This should begin when the temperature starts to climb and should be ongoing, right up until the sun loses its power and the light evenings recede. If your water sprinkler system and hose have seen better days, it might be time for a replacement and with online garden suppliers, you can order from the comfort of your own home.", "End of Summer Pruning – When all of the flowering varieties have finished blooming, you should prune back a little and not too radical, especially for younger plants and shrubs. Remove all dead branches and the pruning will add some shape to the bushes and shrubs and help them to prepare for the winter shutdown. Trees should also be pruned at this time and if you are not confident working at heights, it might be an idea to call in your local landscape gardener, who is fully equipped to safely prune and trim even large trees.", "Halt Fertilization – It is never a good idea to fertilize past the end of August, as this will stimulate new growth at a time when the plants should be doing the opposite. While fertilization is important in the spring and summer, it should be ceased before the cold weather sets in.", "Spike the Lawn – This can be done effectively with a garden fork, if you don’t have a separate tool and this will ensure that the grass receives the right amount of nourishment. This is especially important if your lawn has bad drainage and don’t forget a liberal watering once the spiking has been completed.", "Cut the Lawn Higher than Normal – As the warm weather recedes, you should raise the lawnmower cutters a notch or two, as the extra grass length will aid the lawn to deal with the impending frost.", "If you are lacking in gardening tools, there are online suppliers of all things horticultural and they typically have end of summer sales, so purchasing tools and other essentials at this time is a god idea. The harsh UK climate does mean your plants, trees and shrubs are well equipped to deal with the winter and by including all of the above as the summer draws to an end, you are helping your garden to prepare for the cold season.", "If your home is just how you want it, you’ll no doubt have spent a lot of time and money transforming your living space into the perfect place for rest and relaxation and, of course, like every Australian homeowner, the outdoor area is an important part of that. With such glorious summers, shading is an obvious requirement and finding something in keeping with the overall concept can be more than a challenge. It isn’t only about keeping the sun at bay, there is also aesthetics to consider and with the latest generation of retractable awnings, you can create an attractive shading solution that complements the property.", "Whether you require an awning attached to the side of your home or have a special stand-alone area you want shaded, talking to an established outdoor awnings supplier is the best solution. They would have many years of hands-on experience in supplying and installing customized shading in both domestic and commercial settings. There are no off the shelf solutions for exterior shading and it very much depends on the setting as to the system that is best suited. Retractable awnings offer the ultimate choice as you can enjoy as much or as little of the sun as you choose and with motorised units, there’s no effort required for adjustment.", "There are several tried and tested retractable awning systems, each with its own advantages, and by enlisting the help of an experienced supplier, you can be sure to select the most suitable for your needs. Folding arm systems are very popular, as they open and close with ease and are not obtrusive in any way, while drop arm awnings are ideal for balconies and large windows that require shading. There’s something for every setting and with made to measure units, you are sure of a perfect fit.", "The wide range of rich colours and patterns allow you to be creative and with the highest quality acrylic fabric, you can be sure of a long lasting solution. Awning coverings are typically tested in harsh desert environments where the sun beats down relentlessly all day, so you can be sure the fabric is more than a match for the Australian climate.", "Installing a retractable roofing system really does give you all the choices and the system is under a long warranty and with a little maintenance here and there, your shading will provide you with many years of trouble-free use. You would be forgiven for thinking you’ll need to take out a second mortgage, but in reality, even the best quality retractable roofing system is affordable for all. An online search will bring up a list of local suppliers and with some browsing, you can select a suitable company and invite them to inspect your outdoor area.", "Stylish and attractive shading is now possible and with made to measure solutions, you are certain to be impressed with the outcome.", "The days of filling a skip up with just about everything you can think of, and it being taken away and thrown in a landfill have long gone, and today, skip hire companies have become serious professionals in recycling. Most skip hire companies already recycle more than 90% of everything that comes their way, and some even offer a discount when you are filling a skip with certain materials only, where a 100% recycle is possible, and also if you pre-sort the waste before putting it into the skips. In fact a skip hire company today, is able to provide recycled building products, at very competitive prices, in addition to its main line of work. If you have a building project and are going to be needing a skip, it may pay to have it delivered full of materials you can use in your building works and save even more money.", "The days of parking a skip anywhere you like are gone too, as council and Government regulations on just about everything continue to tighten. If your skip is going to be parked on the street, rather than private property, you will require a license from the council and will have to adhere to several regulations, regarding having it lit at night and be placed where it will not cause interference to emergency vehicles, or other traffic. If you hire a skip in Doncaster or Dover, you will also probably be required to fill out documentation, declaring exactly what the skips contents are, with further restrictions, if any of it is potentially hazardous.", "It is very easy to underestimate the amount of material you are going to generate when working on a project. Whether it be a renovation, a landscaping project, or even just a good old fashioned spring clean and clearing out of the garage, it is advisable to talk to your local skip hire company. They have lots of experience and will be able to advise you on which size to choose. Remember, that as recycling is important and discounts may be offered for certain materials, you may find it more cost effective to hire more than one in smaller sizes. Either way, it pays to talk about what you are doing and listen to the advice.", "Skip hire is generally very competitive, so many of the quotes you are given will likely be quite similar, with how far the company has to travel to drop it off, and pick it up, being key influencing factors. However, it is important to choose a company that has experience and multiple vehicles and skip sizes available, especially at short notice, so always ask if they can do same day delivery. The last thing you need is for a full skip to be sat at the bottom of your driveway, not only looking like an eyesore, but slowing up the work on your project.", "Someone entering the business with a single lorry, might offer attractive rates, which is great until the vehicle breaks down or has an accident. Many work diligently to recycle, so do your bit for the environment and rent from those who keep things green.", "Once winter has passed and the first hint of summer arrives, it is time to turn your thoughts to the garden and whether a basic tidy up or a full on revamp, you will generate a lot of waste. There is lots to do to keep a garden looking good and well maintained, like cutting the grass, weeding, pruning and generally clearing up dead leaves and twigs and rather than heaping it in a corner, hiring a suitable size skip ensures that your garden waste is responsibly removed. Garden waste is not classed as general domestic waste and therefore cannot be put into bags and left for the dustman and if you are soon to be sorting out your garden, here are a few reasons why skip hire is recommended.", "So Easy to Hire – Getting a skip delivered to your home couldn’t be any easier and if you are wondering, “Is there skip hire near me?” An online search will reveal the whereabouts of a local provider who will ask you questions in relation to your needs. Once they know what you need a skip for, they can best advise you on the kind of skip that would be most suitable and also the size. Once you are happy with their recommendation, the skip will be delivered to your home. When it’s full, give them a call and they will come pick it up and take it away. It really is that easy.", "Available in Many Sizes – Depending on your project, skip bin hire companies can offer you a number of sizes and types of skip bin. For the small garden jobs where there isn’t much to take away, there are mini skips that would be very suitable. However, if you have decided to undertake a big landscaping job for your garden then you are going to want to rip out a lot of plants and trees to make way for your new plants. This is when the bigger skips come into play and you can even get a skip that you can just walk into and dump your garden rubbish. No lifting over the side, just walk right in with your wheelbarrow. You can also get them with lockable lids to keep dogs and critters out.", "Reduces Your Carbon Footprint – By hiring a skip bin, you are doing your bit for the environment. If it is tree cuttings and other wood debris that you are dumping, the skip company will be able to recycle this material and maybe have it ground and mulched down to provide fertiliser for distribution to someone else. Nothing is wasted and they are experts in green waste and they know exactly how to deal with it. You get all your garden rubbish taken away and Mother Nature gets a break. It’s a win-win situation.", "Next time you have some garden waste to dispose of, give your local skip bin hire company a call and let them do take away the hard work!", "It’s not just humans who enjoy gardens, in the right conditions they can also draw in a whole host of wildlife. There’s nothing more pleasurable than quietly watching animals go about their business right in your back garden, and taking in the wonder of nature. The following tips will help you to make your garden a much more attractive place for wildlife, and turn it into a haven for all sorts of different animals.", "First things first, you’ll want to carefully plan the flowers that you grow in your garden. If you want your garden to be full of wildlife, then you should opt for flowers which provide pollen and nectar for a long period of time. So- called “double flowers”, and flowers which are big and over-blown due to years of cultivation, are a definite no-no. On the other hand, choosing a mixture of flowers that bloom in the spring, such as crocuses, to those which bloom well into the autumn, like Michaelmas daisies and ivy, will ensure that your garden is always a hub for bees and other insects. What’s more, it will also bring a splash of color to your garden for a longer period of time- giving you more pleasure from your garden, and making it more attractive to birds, too.", "By far the easiest way to attract wildlife to your garden is to invest in a bird feeder and to put out food for birds. This will bring them in all year round, especially in winter, when your food could mean the difference between life and death for them. The great thing about a bird table or bird feeder is that it’s impossible to miss the birds that come swooping down to have a nibble at what’s on offer. A bird bath is another good addition to any garden, since you’ll be able to see the visiting birds rinse themselves off, which is always a treat.", "Two things to bear in mind with bird feeders: firstly, make sure that the feeder is high up enough that no neighborhood cats will be able to jump up at the birds when they come to eat. Secondly, you’ll want to put out a mixture of foods such as sunflower seeds, fat balls, and peanuts to supplement the birds’ natural diet of berries and nuts. If you’re lucky, you might even see the odd squirrel pop up for a bite to eat!", "A simple pond is an excellent way of attracting all sorts of animals, such as frogs and newts, to your garden. This doesn’t have to be particularly big- in a pinch, a mere container of water will do. While it can be tempting to put fish in the pond, these will scare off any smaller creatures, and may be eaten by larger birds like herons, so think carefully before you head to the pet shop. You’ll also want to ensure there’s a sloping side to the pond, so frogs and the like can easily get in and out. Finally, be patient and allow water plants to grow naturally- creating a mini-ecosystem that will draw in a whole host of creatures.", "Those of us who love our gardens will naturally want them to look their best. However, consider easing back on that cleaning if you want to see more animals in your garden. By leaving out piles of leaves and twigs, you will be giving creatures a tempting place to live, as well as food for the winter months. So, let those perennials grow, and perhaps tuck a pile of stones away in the corner of your garden to give amphibians somewhere to hibernate safely.", "The spring season brings new beginnings for plant growth. The landscape becomes green again and multitudes of colors and fragrances fill the air as flowers break through the ground’s surface. The new life brought on by spring is rejuvenating for horticulturists. It is not just plants and flowers that “come alive” during this time of year. Just as new plant life emerges all around us in spring, new life for pest insects is also resurrected. As temperatures rise and the summer months approach, more and more insects leave dormancy and begin new life cycles. This is why it is so important for greenhouse gardeners to be aware of and take counter measures against pest insects during the spring and early summer seasons. In many cases, a few simple preventative steps can reduce the likelihood of a devastating pest insect attack.", "Sanitation is the number one defense against pest insect infestations. Keeping the greenhouse and the plants clean and tidy can do wonders in preventing pest insects and pathogens. Periodically wiping down the surface of the greenhouse and removing dead or dying vegetation will greatly reduce the possibility of pest insects. Plants should be closely monitored for pest insects on a weekly basis (at the very least).", "It is a good idea to set up a quarantine area in the greenhouse. Whenever a new plant is purchased or gifted, it should be quarantined immediately for a week or two to ensure it does not harbor pest insects. After the quarantine period is over and the plant has received a clean bill of health, it may join the other plants in the greenhouse. Bringing new plants into a greenhouse is the most common way a greenhouse gardener will introduce pest insects into his or her own garden. If pest insects are observed on any new plant, it should be thoroughly treated before being introduced to the other plants in the greenhouse.", "As previously mentioned, it is important for greenhouse growers to monitor their gardens for any signs of pest insects. Yellow sticky traps are great tools for monitoring a greenhouse. Yellow sticky traps are similar to fly paper in that they “catch” flying insects in a glue-like substance. By closely examining the yellow sticky trap, a gardener can see if and what types of pest insects are present in the garden. Yellow sticky traps allow a horticulturist to identify potential problems before they get out of hand.", "Identifying the pest insect early and accurately is vital to stopping a few pest insects from becoming an infestation. When monitoring the plants, there are some tell-tale signs that will indicate which pest insect a gardener may be dealing with.", "The first sign of a spider mite problem usually shows up in the form of yellow speckling on the surface of the leaves, which is caused by the insects sucking nutrients from the underside of the plant leaves. The speckling from spider mite damage will resemble light yellow spray paint misted on the leaves. Closer examination of the bottom of the leaves will reveal clusters of very tiny red mites and their eggs. A magnifying glass may be necessary to see them. In more extreme infestations, webbing may be found in-between or on the tips of branches and leaves. This webbing looks very much like a spider web and is how these nasty bugs received their name. Spider mites are difficult to get rid of and require a miticide for treatment.", "The first sign of mealybugs is normally cotton-like, fluffy masses found in the crotches or joints of the plant, typically near young tender growth. These tiny “cotton balls” are actually clusters of the slow moving mealybugs. These bugs can reproduce and lay eggs every seven days, so they should be treated immediately to reduce any possible contaminations. It’s difficult to kill the eggs, often in the soil, so it’s important to treat for live mealy bugs every five to seven days for three to four weeks to terminate all adults before they become mature enough to lay eggs.", "The first sign of a fungus gnat problem is typically the small, mosquito-like, black or gray insects that fly around aimlessly. They are most prevalent right after a watering or when the soil is disturbed. Fungus gnat larvae look like tiny, light-colored worms that wiggle around in the top layer of soil. They can sometimes be seen “dancing” in standing water after a feeding.", "The first sign of a thrip issue is usually “shiny streaks” that show up on the surface of the leaves. The shiny trails are actually the areas of the leaf where the thrip larvae have been feeding. Gardeners may also notice tiny black specs on the leaf surface; this is actually the larvae’s fecal matter. To the naked eye, thrip larvae resemble fast moving grains of rice. The larvae can be many different colors, but are usually yellowish-green.", "The first sign of scale is usually a protective covering or bumps on the stems and stalks of the plants. The females lay eggs underneath the protective covering, which will hatch in one to three weeks. The newly hatched nymphs leave the protective covering as tiny white specs and move around the plant to feed. Nymphs insert their piercing mouthparts into the plant and begin to feed, gradually developing their own protective covering as they turn into immobile adults. Scale do not pupate and may have several overlapping generations in one season. A scale infestation is difficult to eliminate and requires a systemic insecticide.", "Early detection and treatment diligence are the keys to eradicating pest insects. A gardener can start treatment with an organic or all-natural insecticide that is designed for the particular pest insect he or she is battling. Yellow sticky traps are effective in capturing most flying insects, such as fungus gnats and white flies. Denatured alcohol is highly effective as a combatant against mealy bugs and scale by wiping it on the infected areas with a cotton swab or small paint brush. Pyrethrum is an organic derivative of the chrysanthemum plant and is extremely effective against many greenhouse pest insects. Pyrethrum is the primary ingredient in several commercial spray products commonly available at most garden centers. In some cases, a pest insect (scale and mites), cannot be controlled with an organic or all-natural approach.", "When this occurs, the gardener may need to implement a systemic chemical control. Systemic pesticides, such as Orthene, are effective against pest insects because they enter the plant’s tissue and kill the bugs as they feed on the plant tissue. Regardless of the treatment program, horticulturists should always use caution and be sure to read the manufacturer’s directions for application.", "It is always fun and fascinating to transform one of the walls of your home into an indoor vertical garden. It is not only easy and convenient to create one of these but it also never fails to add a little bit of color and fragrance to your room.", "The vertical indoor gardens take up very small space when you make use of best bench top jointer. By making an indoor vertical garden in your room will add fresh blossom and also a splash of bright colors in your room.", "There are various advantages of making your indoor vertical garden that will boost you in making one. Some of the benefits are as below:", "Clean air: Plants are the best way to purify the air that surrounds you. The plants that you will plant in the vertical garden will help in the collection of dust, which is one of the greatest health benefits.", "Great artwork: The gardens that hang upside down on the walls not only look beautiful but also attract the eyes of every person that enters the home. When you make a vertical indoor garden you make a great artwork on your wall without much difficulty.", "Reduction of clutter: The plantation of vertical gardens reduces the stress and difficulty that you have to face in cluttering the pot plants. Also, the vertical gardens are more convenient and render great health benefits.", "It is sure that by now even you want to make an indoor vertical garden in your home, right? Now the next question that arises is how to make it? There are different ways in which you make the best garden without much hustle. The various ways that you can make your home wall even more fascinating are as below:", "To get a perfect, fascinating look on your wall, you can always rely on making vertical gardens on a grand living wall of your home. It is always advisable to use 100% recyclable plastic free modular systems when you start making your garden. This way you can have flourishing flowers that in your home without any side effect.", "You can also grow wall vertical gardening system that makes use of great creativity in designing your grand wall and giving it a completely new look. You can also flourish them with best insulators that will help to keep your room cool in summer and warm in winter.", "If you do not wish to plant the garden on the grand wall of your home, you can always start with making simple, stylish and small garden alike greenery on your wall. For instance, you can make use of recyclable plastic to make a small and stylish modular system that is easy to clean and much fascinating. The rustic frame is one of the best frames that come from reclaimed wood, and you can hang the frame anywhere you want in your home.", "Lastly, you can add a blackboard frame with the plants. It will help you to know the names of the plants and give them water accordingly.", "When you are adding beautiful flora on your walls, it is advisable to even add some fauna to it. The addition of fauna to flora will add beauty to the fascinating walls. You can pick some of them from hippo, elephant or even rhino.", "Also, you can grow vegetables or herbs on the walls and then later transport them in your meals, and by doing so, you get to eat fresh and healthy. You can make Stands for your small plants with the old milk bottles. Lastly, you can also use the DIY plant stands as a décor on your dining table.", "Gardening is one of those activities that need much hard work and labor. To have the indoor vertical gardens is one of the best things when to comes to eat fresh and healthy food. Also, it helps in purifying the air and catching all dust surrounding it. There are various ways to decorate the walls of your home by using the mix and match technique with the different plants, herbs, and flowers.", "Author Bio: Victor loves to contribute towards the eco-friendly environment. He tries to share as much information possible online to ensure how to use the woodworking tools in the best manner possible for gardening and wood landscaping.", "When seedlings are started indoors or in a greenhouse, they become acclimated to an environment that is much less severe than the outdoors. It is sometimes hard for novice gardeners to comprehend that direct sunlight, strong winds, and cooler nighttime temperatures are simply too much for many seedlings or small plants to handle. The process of hardening off is meant to reduce the shock of transitioning from a sheltered environment to outdoor conditions. The three biggest factors affecting a plant’s transition from an indoor environment to an outdoor environment are direct sunlight, wind and temperature.", "Many gardeners do not realize how much more intense the sun is than an artificial light source. Even plants grown under high intensity discharge lighting will have a hard time transitioning into the intensity of direct sunlight. Tender seedlings and young plants grown indoors on a window sill or under a grow light must be gradually transitioned into direct sunlight. Start by placing the tender seedlings in a shaded area. After a couple of days in the shade, the seedlings can be introduced to direct sunlight. Remember, gradual increases are the key to success in the hardening off process. Each day a grower can increase the amount of time the seedlings receive direct sunlight. Depending on the particular plant variety, the grower can usually increase the duration of time in direct sunlight by 1-2 hours per day. Typically, seedlings should be acclimated to the direct sunlight in about a week’s time.", "Many seedlings and young plants get accustomed to a high humidity environment. When placed outdoors, the wind and dry air can quickly dry out the medium and/or the seedlings themselves. If there is a strong wind present when a gardener is hardening off his or her plants, it is a good idea to create some sort of wind block for the seedlings. Cold frames or mini hoop houses are valuable tools for the hardening off process and can offer additional wind protection for transitioning plants.", "Many gardeners start the hardening off process when the night temperatures are still too cold for the seedlings. It may be necessary to bring the seedlings back inside each evening until the temperature at night increases or the plants become acclimated to the colder temperatures. Cold frames or other temporary structures that offer cover can be used to protect the seedlings from the lower nighttime temperatures.", "A cold frame is an unheated greenhouse, usually used to temporarily house plants during the spring or early summer. Cold frames are a valuable tool for hardening off seedlings and young plants before planting them in the garden. A cold frame works great for sheltering young plants while allowing them a “taste” of life outdoors. The most common type of cold frame used by home hobbyists is a box-style cold frame.", "A box-style cold frame is nothing more than a bottomless box with an angled, transparent top. Box-style cold frames come in different styles and sizes and can be purchased or built from various materials. Some cold frames are as basic as a box made of cinderblocks with an old sheet of glass on top, while other cold frames are more advanced composite structures complete with a thermostatic auto-opener. Manufactured cold frames built from aluminum and polycarbonate offer the advantage of longevity and are backed by a manufacturer’s warranty.", "Seedlings and young plants that are hardened off properly will transition more seamlessly into outdoor conditions. It only takes one bad experience for a horticulturist to realize how important the hardening off process really is. After all, the last thing a gardener wants is to have to replant all of his or her seeds and play catch-up for the rest of the growing season. Hardening off is most effective when done in incremental steps. When in doubt, take the slow route. In other words, rushing the hardening off process can be extremely counterproductive. A hobbyist who properly hardens off his or her plants will not only have healthier plants and a smoother transition to the outdoors, but will also have a more enjoyable experience in the garden.", "Spring is approaching and, for gardeners, this means a fresh start to another growing season. Many horticulturists choose to start seeds indoors or in a greenhouse in order to have plants ready to grow in the upcoming season. There are a few considerations every horticulturist should make before starting his or her seeds. Following a few simple guidelines will help make the seed starting experience both enjoyable and effective.", "As with most things in life, timing is everything. It is important for a horticulturist to take into consideration his or her geographical location’s average last frost date. A quick search on the internet or call to a local greenhouse can help a gardener determine in which zone he or she lives. Here are the zones and their corresponding average last frost date:", "A good rule of thumb for starting seeds is to begin the germination process 6-8 weeks before your zone’s average last frost date. It is also important to consider the particular plant varieties being grown. For example, many ornamental flowers can be started earlier, around 8-10 weeks before the average last frost date. Cold sensitive plants that require warmer temperatures to grow properly, like tomatoes, basil and peppers, should be started a little later, around 6-8 weeks before the average last frost date.", "It is very important to make or buy a seed starting medium that is specific for starting seeds. Regular potting soil is too heavy and potent for most seeds. Plug trays or peat pellets are great for starting seeds, but will require transplanting after the seedling has developed its second set of true leaves. I personally prefer using small plastic cups with small holes poked in the bottom for drainage. These small cups are big enough for the plant to establish a heathy root structure and can usually be used until the plant is placed outdoors or into its finishing planting container. Filling a tray with medium and planting multiple seeds should be avoided, if possible. Not only does this create a less than desirable root structure, it also makes it difficult to separate the seedlings without damaging them.", "Some seeds are very small and are extremely difficult to plant individually. One technique is to use the eraser end of a pencil to pick up and gently bury the seed into the medium.", "Proper temperature and humidity are necessary for healthy seedling development. A heat mat is a great way to supply heat to the seedling bed, which helps initiate the germination process. Not only do heat mats provide the warmth necessary for germination, they also help keep the temperature more consistent around the seedlings. All plants, especially seedlings, thrive on consistency. Although not completely necessary, many gardeners like to use a humidity dome on their seedling trays. Generally speaking, seedlings prefer a higher humidity than the ambient air. Humidity domes are an inexpensive and simple way to maintain higher humidity for the seedlings. Humidity domes, like heat mats, will also help maintain consistent atmospheric conditions.", "If they are being grown indoors, seedlings should be placed as close to a window as possible. If they are being grown in a greenhouse, try to position the seedlings in an area that receives the most light. Many growers use an artificial light source for starting seeds indoors or in a greenhouse. If you have ever experienced leggy, stretched stems on seedlings, you have seen the results of inadequate lighting. An artificial light source above the seedlings will keep them compact and healthy. There are many different artificial light sources that can be used for seedlings, but T5 fluorescents are highly effective and relatively inexpensive. A light for starting seeds is a valuable tool and is well worth the investment.", "Starting seeds in a greenhouse or indoors is a fun and easy way to get a head start on the growing season. Hobbyists who start their seeds at the right time, while also supplying the proper medium, atmospheric conditions and lighting will not only have higher germination success, but will also have many healthy seedlings ready to take on the upcoming growing season.", "Vertical gardening is quickly becoming one of the most popular methods for maximizing the space within a greenhouse. Vertical gardening is exactly what it sounds like: gardening in vertical rows instead of horizontally. In other words, the plants are, in various configurations, stacked one on top of another. For greenhouse horticulturists, vertical gardening opens up the possibility of filling the greenhouse from the bottom to the top with foliage. There are many different ways a greenhouse horticulturist can utilize vertical gardening techniques, but shelving, vertical planters, and vertical hydroponic systems are the most popular methods.", "Believe it or not, greenhouse shelving is a form of vertical gardening. The shelving used in a greenhouse allows a gardener to stack plants on top of each other and better utilize the given floor space. There are many different ways greenhouse shelving can be set up in a greenhouse. Generally speaking, the shelving should be set up in multiple tiers with the highest tier on the wall that is opposite the side of the greenhouse that receives the most light. By doing this, the plants on the higher shelving will not shade out the other plants located lower in the garden.", "Vertical planters are either manufactured or homemade planting structures designed to house plants in a vertical manner. An example of a homemade vertical planter is a plastic 55 gallon drum with holes cut into the side where the plants can be placed. Vertical planters are usually designed to be used with potting soil. Typically, these planters are watered from the top, allowing gravity to bring the moisture to all of the plants in the container. Strawberries and lettuce are two crops commonly grown in vertical planters with great success.", "Vertical hydroponic systems utilize soilless gardening in a vertical position. Most vertical hydroponic systems are recirculating systems which means the nutrient solution is collected and reused after each feeding. The nutrient solution is commonly delivered to the upper most plant module so gravity can bring the solution to the remaining plants down below. Vertical hydroponic systems combine the speed of", "There are a few things to consider when setting up a vertical garden. One big consideration is shading out other plants in the greenhouse. The tallest vertical system should be placed on the opposite side of the prevailing light. The best way to visualize an appropriate vertical garden in a greenhouse is to think of it as stadium seating. In other words, the plants are staggered from shortest to tallest so that the plants can receive the most sunlight possible. Another big consideration for vertical systems is nutrient consistency. This is most important in vertical hydroponic systems where the nutrient solution will be reused. Daily monitoring of nutrient and pH levels in a vertical hydroponic system is an absolute must. If constructing a homemade vertical system, make sure to take into account the additional weight of the plants and soil or medium. If a vertical system is extremely top heavy, it may need additional safety supports to prevent it from tipping or falling.", "A vertical indoor hydroponic vegetable farm, growing many rows of butter lettuce, basil, mint and other herbs. This is a modern and space- as well as water-efficient way of producing food in a soilless manner.", "Trying a vertical gardening technique is a fun way for a greenhouse hobbyist to experiment with maximizing his or her given garden floor space. Experimenting with vertical gardening can be as simple as trying different shelving configurations or as advanced as an automated vertical hydroponic system. Vertical gardens allow greenhouse hobbyists to better utilize the space within a greenhouse by literally having plants from the floor to the roof. When the garden space is better utilized, more plants can be grown, which is good news for any greenhouse enthusiast.", "As the cold weather approaches, greenhouse growers should begin preparing their greenhouses for the winter. Before bringing in the plants from outside, a good sanitizing of the greenhouse and the plants themselves is recommended. This can be viewed as a yearly maintenance and preventative procedure which can greatly reduce the likelihood of problems during the winter months. A good cleaning combined with proper placement of the plants in the greenhouse equates to a smoother transition into next year’s growing season.", "Before moving plants into the greenhouse for overwintering, it is a good idea to thoroughly clean the greenhouse. Start by removing any plants that are currently in the greenhouse. After the greenhouse is empty, hose down the entire greenhouse with soapy water. In most cases, soapy water is enough to prevent algae build up on the glaze or framing of the greenhouse. If algae have already built up, a good pressure wash can easily rectify the problem. It is very important for owners of polycarbonate greenhouses to avoid using window cleaners of any kind. Window cleaners can actually damage the polycarbonate panels and make them less transparent.", "After using soapy water and/or the pressure washer, it is a good idea to further sanitize the greenhouses with a sterilizing/sanitizing agent. A diluted bleach solution is one sanitizing agent commonly used by greenhouse horticulturists. However, there are two distinct disadvantages to using a bleach solution. First, the odor and fumes created by bleach can be overwhelming, especially when used in a contained area like a greenhouse. Second, a diluted bleach solution works fine for sanitizing the greenhouse itself, but should not be used on the plants that will be coming into the greenhouse from outside. Even a diluted bleach solution would be harmful to the plants. Molds and pathogens often enter the greenhouse by hitching a ride on a plant or in the soil of a plant brought in from outside.", "A good solution to this is a cleaning agent called Physan 20. Physan 20 is an algaecide, fungicide, bactericide, and virucide. In other words, Physan 20 helps fight algae, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. After washing the greenhouse with soapy water, an application of Physan 20 will kill any remaining fungi, algae, bacteria, or viruses. Physan 20 is virtually odorless which makes it much easier to work with than a diluted bleach solution. Perhaps the largest advantage of Physan 20 is its ability to be used directly on ornamental plants and their soil. Physan 20 can be used as a soil drench to kill any pathogenic fungi, bacteria, algae, or viruses lurking in the soil of plants kept outdoors. Physan 20 comes in a concentrate form and must be diluted before use. Horticulturists should pay close attention to the manufacturer’s recommended dilution rates for the various uses of the product. In other words, the recommended concentration for cleaning the greenhouse material will differ from the concentration for a soil drench.", "Before bringing outside plants into the greenhouse for the winter, a gardener should take a few steps to make the transition smoother. Start with cleaning the plants themselves by removing any dead or dying leaves from the plant and soil container. Examine the plants closely for pest insects. Any pest insect issues should be treated before bringing those plants into the greenhouse. If possible, time your watering so that the plants can receive a watering with the Physan 20 mixture right before entering the greenhouse for the winter. As previously mentioned, this will kill any fungi, algae, bacteria, or viruses that may be contained in the soil.", "Plant placement is another important factor to consider when overwintering. Some plants are more sensitive to cold than others. The plants that will better handle cold conditions should be placed along the perimeter of the greenhouse and those more sensitive to the cold should be place closer to the center. If the plan is to grow orchids or food crops, the greenhouse will need to be heated by some sort of heating device in order to keep the ambient air temperature warm enough for flower/fruit production.", "Sanitizing the greenhouse is an important preventive measure that can be the difference between a smooth transition and an utter catastrophe come spring. Cleaning and sanitizing the plants before they enter the greenhouse is a vital step to keep the plants healthy and happy all winter long. Proper plant placement is another crucial factor contributing to the heath of the plants. When planning the layout of the greenhouse for winter, do not forget to leave some space for next spring’s seedings. After all, winter will be over before you know it and the next chapter of your garden will soon begin.", "There are 17 essential elements needed for plant growth. Three of them (hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon) are non-mineral elements and are absorbed by plants through the air or water. The other 14 essential elements must be provided by the soil or fertilization. Since hydroponic gardening bypasses the soil, all 14 essential mineral elements must be furnished in the hydroponic nutrient solution.", "These essential mineral elements are broken into two categories: macronutrients and micronutrients. The macronutrients are the nutrients used in higher concentrations relative to micronutrients which are absorbed in smaller amounts. When shopping around for hydroponic nutrients, a gardener will quickly notice three numbers on the nutrient solution’s label. These numbers represent the N-P-K values or ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in that particular formula. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the primary macronutrients. In other words, they are absorbed in higher ratios than any other essential mineral element. This is why it is important for fertilizer labels to disclose the N-P-K ratio. A closer look at all of the macronutrients found in hydroponic fertilizers will give growers a better understanding of how each element affects plant growth.", "A basic component of proteins and chlorophyll, Nitrogen is the main nutrient responsible for vigorous growth and luscious green coloration.", "Plays an important role in root stimulation and establishment for young plants. Phosphorus also promotes flowering, fruiting, ripening, and respiration.", "Promotes movement of sugars and other nutrients (via osmosis). Potassium is directly linked to stem strength and rigidity. Potassium increases a plant’s overall resistance to cold, drought and pathogens. Much like phosphorus, potassium plays an intricate role in the formation of flower buds and fruiting/blooming processes.", "Builds and becomes part of the cell walls. Calcium is vital to plant structure and strength and promotes growth of young shoots and roots. Calcium is needed for ripening and seed production.", "Reinforces cell walls and is an important component of chlorophyll. Magnesium promotes the absorption of phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur. It also plays a vital role in the ripening of fruit and the germination of seeds.", "Contributes to chlorophyll production and is a necessary component of several proteins, enzymes and vitamins. Sulfur aids the plant’s absorption of potassium, calcium, and magnesium.", "Assists in biochemical processes, including the manufacturing of chlorophyll. Iron also contributes to the formation of some enzymes and amino acids.", "Essential for tissue growth within the plant. Promotes the absorption of water and helps regulate a plant’s metabolism. Boron also assists in the formation of fruit.", "Plays an essential role in nitrogen assimilation and protein formation. Manganese can speed up a plant’s maturity and helps promote seed germination. It is also necessary for chlorophyll production.", "There are many choices and it can become overwhelming trying to choose a brand of hydroponic nutrients (fertilizers). The first thing a hydroponic horticulturist should do is choose a base nutrient formula. A base nutrient formula will contain all the essential mineral elements, therefore providing all elements necessary for plant growth. Depending on the manufacturer, the base nutrients may be a one, two, or three part formula. Regardless of how many parts it is all base nutrient formulas do the same thing: provide the plants with the essential mineral elements. A good hydroponic base nutrient is all that is needed to get started growing hydroponically.", "Hydroponic base nutrients are designed specifically for use in hydroponic systems. Although they can be used in a pinch to fertilize plants in soil containers, they are designed for hydroponics which means the ratio of some elements will differ from fertilizers designed specifically for soil.", "In order for the plants to absorb the essential elements in a hydroponic system, the pH of the solution must be in a particular range. A pH of 5.5 – 6.0 is the desired range for most hydroponic systems. If the pH gets above or below that range, the plants will be unable to absorb certain nutrients. This will eventually lead to a deficiency. Hydroponic growers will need to have pH buffers (pH up and pH down) on hand to make adjustments when necessary.", "Finding a hydroponic nutrient formula can be overwhelming for new growers. Just remember, a good base formula and pH buffers are all you need to get started. Once you feel comfortable with your base formula, you can begin experimenting with the plethora of hydroponic nutrient additives available at your local hydroponic retailer.", "Accessibility to information, due mainly to the internet, has many home greenhouse hobbyists experimenting with hydroponic systems in a greenhouse. Hydroponic gardening is gardening without the use of soil. In other words, any type of growing system that bypasses the microbes in the soil and directly feeds the plants with nutrients can be considered hydroponics. There are many different hydroponic growing systems and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. A closer look at some of the systems commonly used by home hobbyists will give a grower a bit of insight into the fascinating world of hydroponic gardening and some inspiration to start experimenting.", "Deep water culture is perhaps the easiest hydroponic system to set up. A five gallon bucket or tupperware container can be converted into a deep water culture system with just a few parts from the hardware store. In a deep water culture system, the plant is held in place by a small amount of inert medium (usually gravel or clay pebbles). However, the vast majority of the plant’s roots do not grow in the medium, but, rather, dangle down into the container where they are submersed in the nutrient solution. These systems are great because they are easy to build and can produce quick, vigorous growth. The biggest drawback of deep water culture systems is how susceptible they are to temperature changes. Since the roots are submersed in the solution, the temperature of that solution will greatly affect the way the plant’s roots can receive oxygen. When temperatures are too warm, the plant’s roots will not receive the oxygen they require and they will become susceptible to pathogens. For this reason, deep water culture should only be used by greenhouse growers in cooler climates or growers who have invested in cooling devices, such as water chillers or air conditioners. Without a cooling device, a grower may have a difficult time keeping the system’s temperature in the desired range (65-75 degrees F).", "In a top-drip hydroponic system, the nutrient solution is delivered to each plant via a drip stake or drip line emitter. The individual plant modules will vary from system to system, but, generally, top-drip gardeners use standard potting containers. The medium for the containers can be any sort of inert medium or even soil if the grower wishes to have a more hybrid hydroponic/soil system. Top-drip systems can be set up as a recirculating system or a run-to- waste system. Recirculating top-drip systems will need a reservoir for holding the nutrient solution and the reservoir will need to be aerated. A timer is needed to trigger the pump for feeding intervals. The duration will fluctuate depending on the crop being grown and the particular stage of growth. Although top-drip systems are a little more expensive to start up than a deep water culture system, they fare much better at higher temperatures. Top-drip systems are also the preferred hydroponic system of commercial tomato growers.", "A flood and drain system uses a table or trough which is flooded with nutrient solution for a given period of time and then drained. Traditional flood and drain systems use gravity to return the nutrient solution to the reservoir. In other words, once the pump that pushes water to fill the flood table is deactivated, the water drains back to the reservoir. Typically, containers filled with a medium, such as hydroton, stone wool, coco coir, or another soilless mix, are placed in the flood tables; however, the medium can also be placed directly in the table or trough. Flood and drain systems work well for hobbyists looking to experiment with hydroponics and/or beginner gardeners because they are easy to build and can accept a wide range of media. Like top- drip systems, flood and drain systems can offer a hybrid hydroponic/soil system to growers who are not ready to give up soil gardening completely, but still want to gain some of the benefits hydroponic gardening has to offer.", "The previously mentioned hydroponic systems are commonly used by beginner hydroponic growers or hobbyists looking to do a little experimenting with hydroponics. Other systems, like aeroponics, nutrient film technique, and current culture, can also be used, but are typically reserved for growers with more hydroponics experience. That being said, remember that experimentation with hydroponic systems is a fun and exciting way to differentiate your greenhouse from others. There is no shame in trying out a new hydroponic system or trying to develop your own system for your particular greenhouse. Like other styles of gardening, hydroponic systems offer a lifetime of learning to anyone willing to give it a try.", "There is a lot of buzz surrounding sustainable and organic gardening. An increasing amount of people are realizing that the health benefits of eating organic foods extend not only to their own health but also contribute to the health of the entire planet. Conventional farming’s use of chemical pesticides, chemical herbicides, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has many people concerned about the safety of the food found in grocery stores. This worry has more and more people wanting to control their food supply. Perhaps the best way to do this is to start an organic vegetable garden. In fact, many people are beginning to grow their own organic food, not necessarily to save money, but to ensure the quality of the food they consume.", "To grow organically means to grow plants without the use of chemical fertilizers or chemical pesticides. Simply put, what we call organic gardening today was what our grandparents just called gardening. Compost bins or piles are a great way to repurpose unwanted food scraps into usable fertilizer for an organic garden. There are also many prepackaged soils, fertilizers, and pesticides that carry the organic certification. Whether you build your own rich organic soil with compost or purchase prepackaged organic soil, organic horticulture in a greenhouse offers many distinct advantages. First and foremost, with the use of supplemental heat, greenhouse hobbyists have the unique opportunity to grow organic produce year round. Read our blog, Grow All Year Round with Artificial Heat.", "Greenhouse growers with both supplemental lighting and supplemental heating have the ability to grow just about anything throughout the entire year. This means you can continuously supply or supplement your diet with homegrown organic produce. In fact, if staggered correctly, it is possible to grow many of the most popular vegetables throughout the entire year, including in the winter. Another huge advantage of organic gardening in a greenhouse is the heightened control that greenhouse horticulture offers. From environmental factors to pest and pathogen prevention, growing in a greenhouse gives more power to the horticulturist. In fact, greenhouse growers are not only able to extent the growing season into the fall/winter but can also get vegetables earlier in the spring and early summer. By growing all or a good portion of your own vegetables in a greenhouse, you can be certain of the quality of your produce and take control of your health.", "Getting started with organic horticulture is as easy as purchasing certified organic seeds and potting soils or building your own organic soil from raw ingredients. There are many organic fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides available which makes converting to organic very easy and convenient. Just about any style of gardening can easily be converted to organic growing. Many greenhouse growers prefer benches with containers while others prefer raised beds. Since you can successfully grow organic produce in either potting containers or raised beds, the decision comes down to the personal preference of the horticulturist or the crops themselves (some plants do better in raised beds than containers and vice versa).", "Growing organic produce in a greenhouse is a fun and healthy hobby. There are few things as rewarding as producing your own fresh, organic herbs and/or vegetables. Growing organic produce in a greenhouse is an ongoing educational hobby that revitalizes and refreshes horticulturists year after year. After all, organic gardening in a greenhouse is a hobby that can be enjoyed for a lifetime.", "Prior to setting up a greenhouse it is important to consider how the space within the greenhouse will be utilized. Unfortunately, many gardeners do not think about how they are going to use the space before they set up or purchase a greenhouse. This can lead to frustration and an unsatisfying greenhouse experience. However, with a little forethought, you can get the appropriately sized greenhouse for your particular needs and desires. When thinking about the utilization of space, it is important to examine the available widths of the greenhouse and how it will affect the greenhouse’s layout.", "Greenhouses come in all lengths and widths. When contemplating the layout or floor plan of a greenhouse, a gardener should be most concerned with the width of the greenhouse because, in most cases, that is what will determine the dimensions of the benches and aisles. Hobby greenhouses are most commonly 8 or 10 feet wide but can also range from 12 – 20 foot widths. Most commercial or production greenhouses are usually wider and range from 20 feet and up. As previously mentioned, the width is important because it will determine the size of the benches that can be used. Benches are extremely popular for greenhouse gardeners and are used by most hobbyists. By examining the width of the greenhouse, a horticulturist can determine what kind of bench and aisle spacing he or she can have.", "Many “hobby” greenhouses are available in 8 foot widths. Unfortunately, the 8 foot measurement is a representation of the outside dimensions of the greenhouse. In other words, this measurement does not take the frame into consideration and, therefore, the actual width on the inside will not be a full 8 feet. Greenhouses with 8 foot widths typically have 2 foot wide benches on either side of a 3 foot wide aisle. Although this may be big enough for some hobbyists, many horticulturists will quickly fill up the bench space and wish they had more room.", "Greenhouses with a width of 10 feet are very popular among hobbyists because they instantly give 30% more bench space than an 8 foot wide greenhouse. A typical set up in a 10 foot wide greenhouse is to have 3 foot benches on either side of a 3 foot wide aisle. A 3 foot bench is the perfect size because it provides sufficient space for plants while not being so deep that the horticulturist can’t reach the plants. All in all, a 10 foot wide greenhouse is a nice, comfortable width for hobbyists.", "Greenhouses that range from 12 – 20 feet wide are a good choice for horticulturists who want to grow on more than just benches. Growers who want to incorporate raised beds or who have a collection of tropical plants which need additional head space will find a greenhouse in this width range more suitable to their needs. Greenhouses of this width are also nice for hobbyists who want to add a seating area, water feature, or some other unique addition to their garden spaces. All of these greenhouse extras will take up space so always be sure to plan your greenhouse layout accordingly.", "Larger width greenhouses (20+ feet wide) are mainly reserved for educational or commercial applications. These wide greenhouses can have two 3 foot aisles with 3 foot benches on the outer sides and a 6 – 8 foot bench in the center. When optimizing space for production, these greenhouses are the ticket.", "Before purchasing or building a greenhouse, make sure you take the time to think about the space within and how that space will be utilized. In most cases, the grower’s intended application will determine the width of the greenhouse. A good greenhouse manufacturer will help you determine the most appropriate width for your application and help guide you to optimize the space within.", "March is a good month to begin plants for your flower and vegetable gardens. Listed below are some of the more common flower and vegetable plants that can be started in March. They will be ready to transplant outside in April and May. Varieties can be easily started in 1204 packs or 3′′– 4′′ pots. Plants in packs should be thinned to one plant per cell. The larger you want your transplants to grow, the bigger the cell or pot should be. If your germination space is small, you can start the seeds in smaller containers and transplant them into larger containers later.", "The chart provides recommended, minimum size pots. Larger ones allow more room for roots, providing larger, healthier plants. Plants left in small containers too long will become root bound, decreasing growth vigor and production. Most tomatoes grown in larger pots will require staking.", "The number of weeks recommended includes the period of germination at temperatures that are recommended by seed companies. To choose your planting date, decide when you want to sell or transplant your plant and begin germination the recommended number of weeks earlier. Seed companies can provide you with temperature and light/dark requirements as well. This information is often on the seed packages or provided in their catalogs.", "Lettuce and most other greens are ready to transplant in 3 or 4 weeks, but they can be planted in March and transplanted into the garden in April in many locations. Broccoli and cabbage can also be transplanted before the last frost date for your area. Using temporary covers, leaves will be protected from frost and allowed to mature more quickly. Seedlings can also be transplanted into the greenhouse floor or beds and be raised without additional heat.", "The number of weeks recommended for flowers in packs will provide a healthy green plant, except for short marigolds, impatiens and some petunias, which may start blooming in the packs. For blooms in containers the longer number of weeks are recommended.", "Melon, cucumber, squash, and pumpkin plants grow quickly and need only 3-4 weeks before they can be transplanted into the garden. They should be started later, usually in April, and planted in May after the soil has become warm.", "With a little garden space planning, it is possible to drastically increase the productivity and enjoyment of a greenhouse garden. Like with any great structure, one can start from the foundation and work up to the top to make sure each area complements the others and is an efficient use of the space.", "If a greenhouse is on a deck or already has permanent flooring, it may not be possible to take advantage of some great underground space. If at all possible, there are many advantages to having a “flexible” greenhouse floor. To start with, some area of floor that is not covered can allow for cultivation of the soil or the addition of a perfectly blended soil mix to grow plants at the ground level. This will result in an automatic space saving because the roots of the plants are occupying space below the greenhouse floor level that otherwise would be wasted. All that is generally necessary for walking and working in the greenhouse is to leave a three to four foot corridor down the middle and the rest of the floor area can be planted. But even this center corridor can be a door to an underground gardening powerhouse.", "One of the best ways to turn a greenhouse into a full scale organic gardening machine is to convert the center corridor into an underground composting and/or vermiculture center, and it is quite easy to do. Simply dig a trench three to four feet wide and two to three feet deep in the center of the greenhouse from end to end. Stack a brick barrier on the sides and ends and cover with strong plywood sections. The plywood makes a nice greenhouse floor for walking through and tending plants. Sections of the plywood can be lifted to reveal the perfect cool damp environment for composting and/or vermiculture and a dry box section can be included for garden supply storage.", "Any discussion of greenhouse space saving techniques would be incomplete without some mention of hydroponics. Hydroponics presents a level of control and efficiency that is geared toward productivity and getting the most out of available space. Underground is the perfect place to put nutrient reservoirs. Many hydroponics systems require the reservoir to be below the plant growing medium and below ground reservoirs allow the plant grow beds to be as low as ground level. They do not take up space in the greenhouse and keep the nutrient solution cooler in summer and warmer in winter.", "With a few cautions in mind, the stacking plant growing space with tiered benches or shelves can add greatly to productivity. It is important to consider how the shelves and plants themselves will shade other plants from light. Just as tall plants are generally positioned in the back of the garden so they will not shade shorter plants, it is important to observe the path of the sun in relationship to the greenhouse placement and plant accordingly. Place tall shelving and plants where they will not block too much light from other areas of the greenhouse. Shelves and racks are best made of mesh or screen construction which allows light, air and moisture to pass more easily. Always try to buy adjustable shelving. It is much more versatile and allows for spacing shelves based on the requirements of each crop. Specially designed triangular shelves are also available for the corners of the greenhouse to take advantage of what is often dead space. One last note on shelving, and just about anything else that is placed in the greenhouse, light colors are best because they reflect light allowing more of it to be absorbed by the plants.", "As mentioned above, it is best to position benches, shelving and plants to take the best advantage of the natural light that is available to the greenhouse. That said it is possible to lengthen the growing season, volume of plants that can be grown and productivity with the use of artificial lights. T5 Fluorescent lights have several advantages for greenhouse space saving. They do not require large bulky external ballasts, and are very low profile and can be attached to the bottom of a shelf to provide light to the plants on the next shelf down. Just be sure to have proper channeling for moisture from the plants above. Bulbs are available in warm, cool and full spectrum and they produce very little heat allowing them to be positioned quite close to growing plants. They are available in 48 inch long 2, 4, 6 and 8 tube models that are perfect for any width shelf.", "Hydroponics towers are a growing innovation that is hard to ignore when it comes to getting the most from each square foot. These systems stack growing containers in clever configurations so that plants still get light, but are vertically stacked to save ground space. Several different varieties are available to suit almost any greenhouse application.", "Last, but not least, because of their clear ceilings, greenhouses offer even more space for hanging plants. Once the floor and wall spaces have been planted, consider where hanging plants may work best without robbing too much light from other plants. As with shelves and other vertical plantings, it is important to study the path of the sun and shade in the greenhouse to determine where best to place hanging plants so the shade they provide is an asset not a determent to the greenhouse as a whole. This may be quite different depending on the season. In the summer, sun loving hanging plants may provide welcome shade when placed properly in the greenhouse. In the winter, they may need to be avoided entirely depending on the overall light requirements of the particular greenhouse application. Upside down tomato growers have also become popular for growing tomatoes and other plants hanging upside down and may make welcome space saving additions to the greenhouse.", "It may perhaps be a habit from traditional outdoor gardening to look at the garden space as one dimensional and plan accordingly. A better approach is to take into consideration each level and surface from floor to sealing and how it will interact with the greenhouse as a whole. By taking a three dimensional view and planning the greenhouse garden from the floor up a better, more productive garden is within reach.", "One of the first things a person must address when purchasing or building a greenhouse is what permits are required. The last thing a gardener needs is to purchase or build a greenhouse that doesn’t meet the local code requirements. Every community is different so there is no standard when it comes to permits for greenhouses. However, finding out which permits are necessary is a relatively simple process and most potential greenhouse owners should be able to take care of it themselves. There are two types of permits that need to be considered when building or purchasing a greenhouse. Those two types of permits are zoning permits and building permits.", "A potential greenhouse owner should check with his or her local zoning department to see what is required. Zoning permits regulate the location of the greenhouse on the property. For example, a zoning permit will specify how close to the lot lines you are permitted to build. This could be the side, rear, or front lot lines and will be determined by your community’s rules and regulations. For instance, some communities may require that the greenhouse be built at least 20 feet away from the lot lines. Again, every community is different so be sure to check with your local zoning department to see how zoning permits affect your area.", "Zoning permits will sometimes regulate the number of accessory buildings (greenhouses usually fall into this category) you can have on your property. Sheds and other outbuildings may be considered accessory buildings as well. The size of the building will also be taken into consideration by the zoning department. For example, the zoning department may decide that greenhouses that are less than 200 square feet need no additional building permits. In some cases, after meeting the zoning requirements, a potential greenhouse owner will have to get a building permit.", "Building permits are typically issued by a county building department. Building codes look at the structural integrity and the physical appearance of the building. While many rural areas do not require any permits for accessory or agricultural buildings, most urban areas have some requirements. The building codes that address the structural integrity of a greenhouse generally deal with wind and snow loads and are specific to that geographical location. One of the first things to consider is whether you want a freestanding or attached greenhouse. Attached greenhouses normally require a building permit because they are considered an addition to the home and not an accessory building.", "As far as building codes go, attached greenhouses are typically treated similarly to the addition of a sunroom. The building codes that deal with the appearance of the building will vary greatly from community to community. There may be regulations on how an accessory building appears. These rules are usually in place to maintain a high level of aesthetics in the neighborhood. In most cases, a greenhouse is welcomed by the community. Some homeowners’ associations or condo associations may have stricter requirements on accessory buildings. They may even have their own architectural review board which would need to approve the greenhouse design prior to construction. In the rare case that a greenhouse doesn’t meet the local requirements, you can apply for a variance. In most cases, a variance is possible because people like the idea of organic gardening in a greenhouse and local officials usually try to accommodate them.", "Regardless of your location, experienced greenhouse manufacturers will help you work through the regulations process. In some cases, they may go as far as helping apply for variances or discussing your plans with a homeowners’ association. Greenhouse manufacturers with quality customer service won’t mind taking a few extra steps to ensure you get the right permits for your dream greenhouse.", "Hydroponic greenhouses can produce larger yields than a traditional greenhouse but for maximum success the grower must understand what to grow. Some plants may spread out too much to grow properly in a hydroponic greenhouse. Other plants may be cool weather plants and will not be able to stand the consistent high temperatures that other plants may need to thrive in. There are also plants that need special attention, if you decide to grow them in a hydroponic greenhouse and are too labor intensive.", "Strawberries are one fruit that does quite well in a hydroponic greenhouse growing environment. Plants of this fruit are compact enough to fit in with the usual layouts of hydroponic greenhouses. You can set the plants out in a number of configurations and they will still thrive. Also, there are so many varieties to choose from depending on the size of berry and level of sweetness desired.", "Potatoes and other root crops also work well, but only if they are given enough depth to grow adequately. You have to remember with these crops that they do a lot of their growing in the root area as well as up in their stems and foliage. If they are cramped for space, it will stunt their growth. You can choose the smaller varieties of the root crops, when available to help offer them enough depth.", "Tomatoes thrive when grown hydroponically. Of course, they need to have a support system with this type of greenhouse setting just as they do in a traditional greenhouse or garden setting. Some varieties grow larger than other ones though, so choose the type you think you can provide the best support for in your particular setup. Some other vining veggies that need support include peas, cucumbers and pole beans.", "There are many varieties of mint that do well in this type of greenhouse, because they enjoy wet conditions. Mints spread quite a bit and should be given enough space. Other than this requirement, your chosen mint whether it be peppermint, spearmint, ginger mint or another type of mint should produce nicely for you.", "Basil is another herb to plan to grow in your hydroponic garden setup. The moist conditions provided to the herb through this system actually enhance its flavor. As with other plants, your yield will most likely increase with using hydroponic methods of gardening. Many other herbs do well too, but you need to check the growing conditions they need to make sure before planting them.", "Various types of lettuce will provide you with more flavorful harvests. Some people only think of iceberg variety when lettuce is mentioned, but there is romaine, sweet butter and many more to choose from for growing your salad greens hydroponically.", "Cabbage is one of the cool weather vegetables that does well in this environment. You may need to adjust growing conditions for the cool weather vegetables. This means you may need to grow the plants according to their natural seasons. You can change the temperature settings in your greenhouse according to the crops you decide to cultivate.", "Bush-style green beans will adjust quite well with the typical conditions set up in a hydroponic system. You will be able to harvest plenty for your table and have additional beans to can or freeze. The size of these is easier to deal with than the pole beans, even though with the right support, as mentioned earlier, you can also grow pole beans.", "Select the plant you plan to clone. Select only plants that are in good health and are at least two months old. New growth is best if it’s available, however, any healthy stem with at least two or three healthy sets of leaves will work. Only take cuttings from well hydrated plants. Plants that are dry will not perform as well as cuttings.", "Hygiene cannot be stressed enough. Disease, fungus and viruses spread quickly and are a primary cause of failure. Luckily, a few easy steps will ensure healthy cuttings. It may be tempting to skip the cleaning steps, but you will be rewarded with quick healthy cuttings by spending a few extra seconds.", "Gather your tools: A sharp craft knife or razor blade, cutting shears, container with water, rooting hormone, clean cutting mat, cloning system.", "Select a 2”-3” stem of plant, ideally with new growth. (Note: fall is the ideal time to find new growth, but cuttings will work in spring) cut below the intersection of leaves on the stem. Immediately place cutting into water until you are ready to process all cuttings.", "Remove lower leaves by carefully slicing them at the stem. Leave several leaves at the top of the stem. If leaves are too large for the cloning space, cut then lengthwise.", "Place cutting on a clean cutting mat. Sterilize blade with alcohol and carefully cut the stem diagonally at a 45° angle to expose as much of the plant’s cambium as possible. Be careful not to crush any tissues. Dip knife in alcohol between each cutting.", "Place a small amount of rooting hormone in a small Dixie cup or small glass and dip cutting into hormone. Do not dip the cutting directly into main container to avoid contamination. Throw the excess compound away; do not add back to the original container. Note: Commercial growers typically use liquid rooting hormone because the plant absorbs the liquid faster than the powder.", "Check your cuttings frequently. In a few days you will start to see nodes forming just prior to root development. Change the water once a week or per the manufacturer’s instructions. Once roots are formed, transplant into 4” pots. Placing them in a cool greenhouse with bottom heat will encourage healthy root growth while keeping top growth compact and healthy.", "With all the decisions to be made when contemplating purchasing or building a greenhouse, it may be easy to overlook snow and wind. However, a gardener needs to seriously consider how a greenhouse will handle snow and wind loads. As you can imagine, heavy snow fall or intense wind gusts can cause serious damage to a greenhouse structure. Unfortunately, not all greenhouse manufacturers are straightforward with snow and wind load ratings or requirements. It can also get confusing because many of the smaller hobby greenhouses are not required to meet the same codes as more permanent greenhouse structures. One thing is certain, potential greenhouse owners need to take it upon themselves to understand their geographical location’s building code requirements and which greenhouse designs will meet those requirements.", "The very first thing a gardener should do before constructing or purchasing a greenhouse is to check with the local building department (where building codes are issued) and see what the snow and wind load requirements are for his or her geographical location. Regardless of the type of greenhouse you plan to have (stand alone or attached) it is very important to check and see what the building code requirements will be. With this information you can go back to the greenhouse supplier or builder to see which greenhouse design will meet those requirements.", "Small hobby greenhouses with a stamped aluminum construction generally will not require building permits but will rarely meet the requirements for snow or wind loads. Most hobby greenhouses are not designed to last a lifetime and will quickly degrade. Growers who are looking for a more permanent structure should look for greenhouses that utilize extruded aluminum framing instead of stamped aluminum framing.", "Higher quality greenhouses with extruded aluminum framing will most likely meet local building code requirements. These greenhouses are designed to be a more permanent structure. Generally speaking, greenhouses need to withstand 30 pounds of snow per square foot (an equivalent of about four feet of snow) and wind gusts up to 105 MPH to meet most of the code requirements throughout the United States. Greenhouses built with quality extruded frames will not only be able to meet the wind and snow load requirements but will also be considered a truly permanent structure that is designed to last a lifetime.", "In locations where snow loads or wind loads exceed the norm, additional bracing or advanced technological designs can be used to create additional strength. Some of the older greenhouses use heavy cross ties to meet higher snow load requirements. Many of the newer greenhouses are utilizing sophisticated engineering designs, like the scissor truss. The scissor truss design not only adds strength but also, because it eliminates the need for cross ties, allows for additional head room in the greenhouse.", "If you are in the market for a greenhouse that will handle heavy snow and wind loads and last a lifetime, you should seriously consider a greenhouse with extruded aluminum framing. Small hobby greenhouses are suitable for some applications but should not be considered a permanent structure and certainly shouldn’t be expected to withstand heavy snow loads or strong gusts of wind. A quick trip to your local building department will give you all the information you’ll need for snow and wind load requirements. With that information you can discuss all of your options with your greenhouse supplier.", "Photo Description: The innovative “Scissor Truss” design provides extra strength and higher headroom for larger spans in greenhouses that meet local building codes for snow load and wind loads specifications.", "Growing plants using hydroponics means you are growing without soil, but it doesn’t necessarily mean that you are growing plants without a soil replacement. While not strictly necessary it is usually advantageous to use some form of growing medium. One very good reason to use a growing medium in your hydroponics garden is to ensure that the roots of your plants are adequately supplied with oxygen. In a traditional garden plant roots gather oxygen from the air trapped in the soil. A growing medium serves the same purpose for plants grown with hydroponics. Growing media are designed to trap air that can then be processed by the plant roots.", "Another reason for using a growing medium is to provide a food reserve for the plants. Like air, nutrients from the feeding solution are trapped in the pores of the growing medium and are then available to the plants if needed. This can help to prevent crop failures. Here’s a quick rundown of the kinds of media available to you when gardening without soil.", "Made from basalt rock and chalk, Rockwool is probably the most popular growing medium used by hydroponics gardeners. This porous material can trap large quantities of air and water at the same time.", "Perlite is a pebbly volcanic rock that provides excellent drainage and aeration when used as a growing medium. It has a good drainage characteristic which means it does not hold much water and limited ability to trap nutrients. Vermiculite is a mineral that acts like a natural wick and is able to absorb large quantities of water. The combination of Perlite and Vermiculite is a natural for hydroponics system: one holds air and oxygen, the other holds water and nutrients.", "Made from the outer husks of coconuts this growing medium is becoming increasingly popular with organic growers. Some hydroponics growers feel coconut fibres are superior to Rockwool in their ability to retain air and water.", "This medium is made from baked clay. The pellets are porous and retain both air and water very well. They can be reused as long as they are first sterilized.", "This is the same colored gravel that is used in fish tanks. The main reason for its popularity is expense as it is inexpensive compared to other growing media. The downside is that it does not hold water, and therefore plant nutrients, very well at all. If you choose to use aquarium gravel you will need a constant water supply for your plants to avoid root drying.", "Of all the hardware used in an indoor garden or greenhouse few compare in importance to horticultural lighting. For indoor gardens, horticultural lighting is the sole energy source for the plants. In greenhouses, artificial lighting supplements the sunlight and gives the plants enough light energy to perform up to the grower’s standards. Whether a gardener is looking for a primary or supplementary lighting source, he or she should take the time to examine the lighting technologies available for horticulture. When making a choice, gardeners need to take into consideration the space they wish to illuminate and the cost of operation and maintenance. Currently there are four technologies used by horticulturists: high intensity discharge (HID), light emitting diodes (LEDs), fluorescents, and induction lighting.", "High intensity discharge lighting includes both metal halide (MH) and high pressure sodium (HPS). HID lighting consists of three components: the ballast, the reflector or socket, and the bulb. Ballasts can be specific to the type of bulb (MH only or HPS only) or they can be switchable, or “smart” ballasts, which have the ability to operate either type of bulb. Most ballasts are specific to wattage; although some of the newer, digital ballasts can operate different wattage bulbs. The ballast connects to the power supply and acts as a power converter so the bulb receives the proper current. The reflector, or socket, is the component that connects the ballast to the bulb and the bulb itself is the component that actually emits the light. After receiving the proper current from the ballast, the bulb converts that energy into light. HID lighting is still the most popular choice for horticulturists for a few reasons. First, this technology has been around for a long time and is used in other industries. This means there are many manufacturers which helps lower the cost. Initial cost is not the only reason horticulturists continue to choose HID lighting. High wattage HID fixtures are very powerful and have the capability of penetrating a plant canopy along with covering a large area. For example, an indoor horticulturist who is using a 1000 watt HID light can adequately cover 25-50 square feet of garden space. Greenhouse growers looking for supplemental lighting can cover even more space with that same 1000 watt fixture. It is not uncommon for greenhouse gardeners to have a 1000 watt HID cover 100+ square feet for supplementary lighting purposes. Long story short, HID lighting has a low initial cost for a relatively large coverage area. This is the main reason HID lighting has remained so popular among horticulturists.", "Light emitting diodes, or LEDs, have been steadily gaining acceptance since their introduction within the horticultural community roughly ten years ago. Unlike other lighting technologies used in horticulture, LEDs are a solid state device which makes them extremely durable. LED fixtures usually consist of the panel of LEDs and a circuit board (generally housed within the lighting fixture). Many horticultural LEDs contain a heat sink and/or fan to help dissipate heat and increase the fixture’s life span. The biggest advantages of LED technology are longevity and the ability to customize the light spectrum. Plants have a heightened response to particular light wavelengths and LED technology has the ability to provide higher amounts of the particular wavelengths plants desire. LEDs are the only technology that has the potential to manipulate the ratio of these wavelengths into the perfect ratio for photosynthesis. The first few generations of horticultural LEDs were somewhat of a disappointment to the horticultural community because they lacked the intensity to compete with HID lighting fixtures. Many of the original LED fixtures contained only two wavelengths of light (red and blue) and utilized low wattage diodes. LEDs have made great strides since the first generation and today’s horticultural LEDs have the ability to compete with HID lighting in many ways. Many of the new LED fixtures contain more advanced wavelength ratios along with higher wattage diodes which allow for a greater penetration into the plant canopy. When comparing this technology to HID lighting, coverage is still somewhat of an issue. LED fixtures, unless they contain a special lens, are generally light-directional and the light will not spread out and cover a large area like a HID light. However, LEDs’ higher energy efficiency combined with a lower heat signature has many indoor horticulturists, at the very least, giving LEDs serious consideration. There are also many greenhouse gardeners who have had success using LEDs for supplemental lighting.", "Fluorescent lighting has been used in horticulture for many years. Thanks to some of the newer fluorescents that are much more efficient than the shop lights from your dad’s basement, fluorescents still have a solid place in horticulture. High efficiency fluorescents, like the T5 style, are still very popular among indoor horticulturists for vegetative lighting or for seedlings and clones. Fluorescent tubes, like the T5, automatically disperse light evenly throughout the entire length of the bulb. This is ideal for keeping young plants even in growth. Young plants grown under HID lighting (or any light source that is emitted from a single focal point) need to be continuously rotated to remain uniform. Unfortunately, as with the early generations of horticultural LEDs, fluorescents generally lack the punch needed to penetrate deep into a plant canopy for fruiting or flowering plants. Although some gardeners have had success fruiting under fluorescent lighting, HID lighting is a far more popular choice for fruiting plants. The light coverage of fluorescents is also limited to pretty much directly under the fixture which makes them less desirable for larger areas. Fluorescents can be a solid choice for supplementary lighting purposes in a greenhouse, especially when the grower is trying to limit heat in the greenhouse. When raised high enough above the plants, fluorescents can give adequate coverage in a greenhouse for supplementary purposes. However, if the garden requires more than four hours per day of supplementary lighting (like in a year round greenhouse) HID lighting may be a better fit.", "Induction lighting is a technology that has recently been making headway in the indoor gardening industry. Induction lighting is unique in that it utilizes a sealed bulb design. This differs from HID and standard fluorescents because these technologies rely on electrodes which bring electricity into the bulb. Induction lighting utilizes microwave or radio frequencies to pass through the sealed bulb and excite the metals and gases sealed within. There are two types of induction lighting currently used in horticulture: induction fluorescents and sulfur plasma.", "Induction fluorescents have all of the advantages of standard fluorescents but will not degrade as quickly. This allows them to retain a high CRI (color rendition index) and high amount of PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) for a long time. What this equates to is more uniform growth in the garden and much less maintenance. The initial cost of these fixtures is high but the gardener will not have to pay for bulb replacement throughout the entire life span of the fixture (usually 10-15 years). Like the T5 fluorescents, induction fluorescents are a great choice for vegetative growth or clones and seedlings. Induction fluorescents also have a coverage limited to almost directly under the light source. To combat this problem, some indoor horticulturists will place multiple fixtures close together to get adequate coverage.", "Sulfur plasma is an induction technology that emits all its light from a small quartz sphere. The most promising thing about sulfur plasma is that it has the intensity of HID lighting with a more suitable light spectrum for plant growth. In fact, sulfur plasma lighting has the closest spectral light output to that of the sun than any other artificial light source. As with HID lighting, coverage and plant canopy penetration are not issues for sulfur plasma. Sulfur plasma is the newest lighting technology to be introduced to the horticultural industry and is currently very expensive. As more manufacturers produce sulfur plasma lighting, there will be a reduction in cost and, hopefully, a continued increase in efficiency. Sulfur plasma lighting could be the ideal lighting source for both indoor gardens and greenhouses in the future. Another advantage of sulfur plasma is longevity. As with induction fluorescents and LEDs, sulfur plasma lighting can last up to 10 years and will lose very little PAR and CRI over the course of the fixture’s life span.", "When purchasing a horticultural lighting system and facing all the choices, gardeners have their work cut out for them. As the old saying goes “there is more than one way to skin a cat”. This could not be more true when it comes to horticultural lighting. All of the previously discussed technologies work well to grow plants. Some are more efficient with a higher initial cost while others are inexpensive and lose more energy to heat. Personal preference, an individual’s budget, and the specific use for the fixture are all things that a grower must weigh heavily before making his or her final decision about a lighting system. Some gardeners want to experiment with the latest and greatest in horticultural lighting technologies. Some gardeners want a reliable lighting system that will not break their budgets. In the end, it is ultimately up to the gardener which lighting fixture is the best fit for his or her garden.", "Whether it’s to provide supplementary lighting or to extend the length of the photoperiod, some greenhouse growers are equipping their greenhouses with artificial light sources. Before purchasing a lighting system for a greenhouse, a grower should first determine which type of lighting system will best meet their needs.", "T-12 fluorescent lights are the standard four foot fluorescent lights commonly used in garages and shops. In fact, many people refer to T-12 fluorescents as “shop lights”. Although T-12 fluorescents are just fine for starting seeds indoors or illuminating indoor houseplants, they usually lack the intensity and efficiency to provide light to plants in a greenhouse.", "T-5 fluorescents are a more powerful and efficient version of fluorescent lighting. Still available in four foot lengths, the skinnier T-5 bulbs are 54 watts each. Specialty horticultural enhanced bulbs are available for T-5 fixtures in both the warm (red) and cool (blue) spectrums. The warm spectrum bulbs are rated around 3000 K and the cool spectrum bulbs are rated around 6400 K. During the fruiting or flowering stage of growth most plants require a higher percentage of red spectrum light. During the vegetative stage of growth plants require more blue spectrum light. Many T-5 fixtures hold multiple bulbs and allow “banks” of bulbs to be turned on or off. In other words, it is possible to set up a T-5 fixture to customize the light spectrum in your greenhouse. During the vegetative stage, the bank with the blue bulbs should be on. When the transition or flowering stage begins the banks with the red spectrum bulbs can be activated in order to give the plants the more appropriate spectrum for that stage of growth. Generally speaking, T-5 fluorescents are the most cost effective option for the hobby greenhouse grower.", "Metal halide is a type of high intensity discharge (HID) lighting that can be used in greenhouses. Metal halide lighting systems are more intense than fluorescent lighting fixtures and are a good choice when growing roses, tropical palm, or other plants that will require more intensity than fluorescents can provide. Metal halides generally produce a white or blue spectral output which makes them a good fit for vegetative growth. Metal halides are commercial quality fixtures that come in 400, 600, or 1,000 watts. Metal halide lighting systems require three components: the bulb, the ballast and the reflector or socket base. These lighting systems create a good amount of heat and can be quite expensive to operate. However, in some cases, metal halide is the only way to provide plants with the intense blue light spectrum they require for vegetative growth.", "Like metal halide, high pressure sodium is a type of HID lighting. These lighting systems are also available in 400, 600, and 1000 watts. The biggest difference between high pressure sodium and metal halide is the spectral output. High pressure sodiums provide a good amount of red spectrum. This makes these lighting systems a great fit for fruiting or flowering plants. Since high pressure sodiums are also a type of HID lighting system, they will also require a ballast and reflector or socket.", "If you have determined that your greenhouse will require a HID lighting system and you plan to provide artificial light during the plant’s vegetative and flowering stages, you should look into a convertible ballast. Convertible ballasts allow the grower to use both metal halide and high pressure sodium bulbs in the same fixture (but not simultaneously). A grower can use his or her metal halide bulb during the vegetative stage and then switch to a high pressure sodium bulb during the flowering stage.", "There is certainly an emerging opportunity for LED lighting systems to be incorporated into the greenhouse. Consumers should be aware that LEDs are very spectral specific and they need to make sure the LED light system they purchase provides the spectral output required by their plants. Unfortunately, there are a lot of variables to consider when comparing LED lighting fixtures. The light spectrum, actual wattage, and type of lens used are all things to consider when purchasing a LED system. There is also a wide variance in overall quality. Many of the cheap LED fixtures will not stand up to the conditions found within a greenhouse. There is no doubt that LED lighting systems will continue to shape the future of horticulture but it is important for consumers to closely examine what they are purchasing.", "The best way to avoid pest problems in a greenhouse is to keep them out to begin with. The list that follows gives many ways to help keep a greenhouse pest free. The more of these that can be integrate into greenhouse gardening practices, the better chance a gardener will have of winning the war against undesirable garden pests.", "If plants are bought at a nursery or a garden center, one can not be assured that the plants are perfectly clean. If one has been getting plants from a reputable producer and has not had problems in the past, it would be a good idea to stick with that grower, even if the prices are higher. Treated seeds are safer for starting your greenhouse plants. Untreated seeds are more likely to carry a seed-borne bacterial or fungal disease.", "Repotting plants should be done outside of the greenhouse, and any used pots should be cleaned and disinfected with a 10% bleach solution before use. Commercially available soilless mix should be used as the media for seed starting and potting greenhouse plants. This will allow one to avoid introducing insect and microbial pests that often live in soil.", "Protect the ground on the floor of the greenhouse with a barrier to keep soil born pests from digging their way in from the outside. Work in the greenhouse first before working in the outside garden. Outside plants should not be kept near the greenhouse door. These plants can be a safe harbor for bugs waiting for a chance to get in the greenhouse.", "Hands should always be washed before going into the greenhouse. This is particularly important after working with plants, or produce in the kitchen.", "If one has been in close contact with plants, grass or dirt/mud, a change of clothing may be in order before entering the greenhouse. If one has been walking through grass or mud, it is a good idea to remove footwear, before entering your greenhouse. If one will be walking in the woods or a wooded area under trees, or even just walking on dirt paths, try to do it after working in the greenhouse.", "Consider possible contamination by visitors to the greenhouse. Visitors should not enter the greenhouse after being in another greenhouse, a garden or an agricultural field.", "Insects, mites or diseases can be taken into the greenhouse on garden tools that have been used outside. Tools should be thoroughly washed and disinfected with a 10% bleach solution before bringing them in the greenhouse and in between working on separate plants.", "Items that have been exposed to plants or produce are a source of contaminants. Used plant shipping boxes and produce shipping boxes may be very useful, but they should never be taken into the greenhouse.", "Screen air intakes to the greenhouse with a very fine mesh. The screen area should be at least five times the area of the greenhouse air intake, as to not restrict airflow.", "Consider if a double door is possible. This is particularly helpful in keeping moths and butterflies out. Moths and butterflies are not generally a problem themselves, but when they lay their eggs on your plants, they will soon hatch caterpillars and start to eat their hosts. On your daily bases remove any of them that are present.", "Maintaining consistent temperatures is one of the most important aspects of greenhouse gardening. During the hot, summer months, most greenhouses will require some sort of cooling to ensure the temperatures don’t get too hot. During the cold winter months, most greenhouses will require some sort of heating to ensure temperatures do not get too cold. Before purchasing any heating or cooling equipment, a grower should take a close look at his or her space and make a few sizing calculations. With these calculations and a few considerations, a horticulturist can be sure to get the properly sized heating and cooling devices needed to keep the greenhouses’ temperature in check.", "The most effective way to cool most greenhouses is with a powered fan. A powered fan will actively draw fresh air through the greenhouse and exhaust it outside of the greenhouse. The cooler air, from outside along with a natural evaporative effect, help keep the greenhouse cooler. In fact, a powered ventilation system will typically make a greenhouse run 10 degrees cooler than if the greenhouse is passively cooled (vents only). To make sure there is enough cooling power, a gardener must “size” the fan that will be needed for the given garden space. Fans are rated by their CFM or cubic feet per minute. Ideally, a greenhouse should have all of its air exchanged in 1-2 minutes. A simple and straightforward way to determine the needed CFM is to multiply the length by the width by the wall height of the greenhouse as shown below:", "Granted, this is not an exact calculation of the greenhouse’s cubic feet because it does not take into consideration the roof pitch, etc. However, this measurement is accurate enough to properly size a powered fan for a greenhouse. Once a grower has calculated the recommended CFM, he or she can set out to find a fan that meets that criteria. For example, a greenhouse that is 20 feet long, 10 feet wide, and has a wall height of 10 feet will have a recommended CFM of 2,000 (20 x 10 x 10 = 2,000). The owner of this greenhouse should purchase a fan with a minimum of a 2,000 CFM rating.", "A gardener planning to heat his or her greenhouse with gas or electric must first determine the size of the heater. The best way to determine this is to figure out how many BTUs will be required to heat the space. This is done by first calculating the total square footage of exposed surface area. In other words, the exposed wall and roof surface area. Remember that the roof area, due to the pitch, will not be equivalent to the area of the floor. In fact, the exposed surface area of the roof will be larger than the floor area footage. After determining the total square footage exposed, the grower must determine the maximum desired temperature in the winter (the temperature at which the gardener wants the greenhouse to operate during the winter months) and the minimum temperature outside of the greenhouse. Remember to be realistic when making the temperature determinations. In other words, base your calculations on average temperatures rather than the extremes. The BTU calculation is completed when you multiply the total exposed surface area by the difference between the desired temperature and the outside minimum temperature, and then divide that number by the R-value of the greenhouse material. It’s important to remember when calculating the required BTUs that gas heaters operate at 80% efficiency compared to electric heaters which operate at 100% efficiency. In other words, a grower must take the lower efficiency into consideration in his or her calculations or he or she must find the gas heater’s output BTU rating (which already takes the 80% efficiency into consideration).The following is the formula that should be used to calculate the needed BTUs:", "Although all of these R-values may seem low when compared to a home or commercial building, there is a significant difference when comparing these materials to each other. For example, a greenhouse with single pane glass will require twice the BTUs (and cost twice as much to heat) as a greenhouse with a triplewall polycarbonate. In other words, when compared to each other, the R-values of these materials are quite significant, especially when considering how the required heating load is affected.", "With a few simple calculations, any greenhouse grower can determine the appropriate size cooling fan and heater for his or her greenhouse. Greenhouses that have properly sized heating and cooling equipment will not only allow a gardener to extend the growing season but will also efficiently control temperatures in the greenhouse.", "A gardener who owns a greenhouse has the capability of extending the growing season by a few months each year. There are even a select few greenhouse gardeners who can get away with growing year round without adding a heating system. In most climates, however, during the winter months the nighttime temperatures become too cold for most plant species. In order for most greenhouse hobbyists to keep the greenhouse operational year round, some sort of heating system will need to be added. The three most common ways to heat a hobby greenhouse are with gas, electric, or passive solar heat.", "Heating a greenhouse with gas is the least expensive option. The cost of heating a greenhouse with gas is the main advantage of gas heating and is the main reason people choose gas heating over other options. Beware of open flame heaters for greenhouse applications. These heaters will emit ethylene gas which can affect budding plants, such as orchids, to the point where their blossoms will not form or will fall off altogether. The other problem with open flame heaters is they have safety oxygen sensors which will automatically turn off the unit when depleted oxygen levels occur. This is a great safety feature for a heater within a home but in a greenhouse it can cause some problems. Many of the newer greenhouses are practically air tight which means they can get depleted oxygen levels fairly easily. If the heater turns off during the night, all the plants in the greenhouse could perish. Gas heaters that have a flue and are power exhausted are the best for greenhouse applications. These heaters will need to have a hole punched into the side of the greenhouse for the exhaust. All in all, an average gas heater for a greenhouse runs at 80% efficiency (mainly due to the heat loss through the exhaust ports).", "Because there is no need for ventilation with electric heat, this type of heating is the most efficient. Electric heating runs at 100% efficiency. However, electricity is expensive and heating a greenhouse year round with electricity alone may be too expensive for many gardeners’ greenhouse budgets. However, there are some ways a gardener can supplement heat naturally to offset some of the cost of heating with electricity. For example, passive solar heat can be used to offset some of the cost associated with electric heating. If you do choose to go with an electric heater, it is best to get a 240V heater which will have plenty of heat capacity. Over the long run, 240V units save money and are very reliable. If you must go with a 120V unit, try to avoid infrared heaters or heaters that transfer heat to objects instead of heating the air. For greenhouse applications, a gardener will need a heater that will heat the air within the greenhouse. The best inexpensive 120V heaters for greenhouses are the oil-filled radiator-style heaters. If placed near a fan, these small heaters can adequately heat some small hobby greenhouses during the winter months.", "Passive solar heat refers to collecting heat from the sun’s radiation during the daytime and releasing that heat into the greenhouse during the nighttime. This is usually done with water or some other thermal mass that is capable of absorbing and holding heat for a duration of time. One technique is to line the north wall of a greenhouse with black water containers. When placed on the north wall, these containers will not shade light from reaching the plants in the greenhouse; instead, they will absorb light and heat that passes through the greenhouse to the north wall. When the sun sets, the heat that is held by the water will slowly dissipate into the greenhouse environment. When passive solar heat is used in conjunction with electric heat, it can significantly reduce the annual cost of heating a greenhouse.", "Photo: The pictured 5-gallon water jugs are painted black and stacked against the north wall of the greenhouse to act as Passive Solar Heat Collectors in the winter.", "Gardeners who live in the city often do not have the space for a traditional compost pile. However, this doesn’t mean that a gardener living in an urban area cannot set up a compost bin and reap the rewards of composting. The idea of turning kitchen scraps and yard debris into an organic amendment for garden soil is catching on with an increasing amount of urban gardeners. The good folks at Smart Pot have created the most affordable way an urban gardener can get started composting their kitchen scraps and yard debris right away. The product is called the Compost Sak.", "The Compost Sak is pretty self-explanatory. It is a large sack designed for composting. The Compost Sak is made out of a porous fabric material which allows the compost to “breath”, in comparison to traditional nonporous bins. The Compost Sak is designed to be filled with kitchen scraps, yard debris, and/or other compostable items. The Compost Sak has a capacity of over 100 gallons. At 30” wide and 38” tall, the Compost Sak is capable of producing 12 cubic feet of pure compost. Some gardeners even add worms to their Compost Saks to aid the composting process.", "Getting started composting with a Compost Sak couldn’t be any easier. Start by placing the Compost Sak in a location that receives some sun and is mostly out of the way (for your convenience). Try to add two or three parts “brown” material for every one part “green” material. “Brown” material includes dead leaves; dried straw, cardboard, etc. “Green” material refers to wet plant material, like grass clippings, and kitchen scraps, such as banana peels. The actual compost process will begin naturally on its own. There are commercial compost starting agents available if a gardener wishes to get a leg-up on composting. Some people add a little water when they start a compost pile. Just be careful not to add too much. The key to a successful compost pile is a good ratio of moisture and oxygen. The balance between the two is what makes the microorganisms thrive.", "The Compost Sak by Smart Pot is a lightweight, affordable, and easy way for anyone to get into composting. This product is not designed to replace high- end tumble composters or to replace the traditional multi-bin composting technique. Instead, the Compost Sak is designed to give gardeners, who live in the city or who do not have a lot of space, a way to inexpensively get into composting immediately.", "Flood and drain, also known as ebb and flow, hydroponic systems are one of the most popular hydroponic systems used by horticulturists. Most flood and drain systems consist of a tray (which holds the plants) and a reservoir (which holds the nutrient solution). The tray is set on a stand or raised up on blocks so that the bottom of the tray is higher than the top of the reservoir. In most cases, the tray sits directly above or sometimes even rests on top of the reservoir. A submersible pump within the reservoir then pumps the nutrient solution into the tray. The tray has an overflow valve installed so the depth of the nutrient solution in the tray can be controlled and ensures the tray doesn’t overflow with nutrient solution. After a set duration of time, the pump shuts down and, with the help of gravity, the nutrient solution drains back into the reservoir. As with other hydroponic systems, plants grown in a flood and drain system generally experience faster growth rates and larger yields.", "One issue with conventional flood and drain systems is the growing medium used in the planting containers and how it affects the pump. Because the nutrient solution needs to enter the planting containers from the bottom, a flood and drain system requires open bottomed planting containers. Typical planting containers can be used in a flood and drain system but can cause issues due to the size of the drainage holes in the container. As the water flows back to the reservoir and out of the planting containers, it can bring with it sediment and soil that will damage the pump and possibly compromise the entire hydroponic system.", "Many growers who use flood and drain systems have already discovered the great benefits of using Smart Pot planting containers. Smart Pot fabric containers can act as filtration screens for the medium. When used in a flood and drain system, a Smart Pot fabric container will allow the nutrient solution to reach the root mass but will keep all soil and sediment from reaching the pump.", "The folks at Smart Pot took flood and drain hydroponic gardening to the next level when they introduced their Flood Tray Liners. These Flood Tray Liners are made from the same great material as the Smart Pot containers and fit directly into the flood tray. These liners give the grower many different options. Growers can place the medium directly into the liner and grow their plants in a large bed or they can use virtually any planting container they desire regardless of the size of holes in the bottom of the container. The Flood Tray Liner will essentially act as a filter so that the nutrient solution is never contaminated with soil or sediment from the medium. The Flood Tray Liners by Smart Pot come in three convenient sizes which fit the most commonly used flood trays: 4’ x 4’, 4’ x 8’, 3’ x 3’. Smart Pot’s Flood Tray Liners will save a grower both time and money and are a simple way to increase the productivity of a flood and drain hydroponic garden.", "When setting up a greenhouse, one of the most important aspects of the construction process is the foundation. There are a few different types of foundations that can be used for greenhouses. The foundation used will be determined by the type of greenhouse, the building codes and, in some cases, personal preference. Essentially, the foundation is the complete system on which the greenhouse structure sits. One of the key components of a foundation is the footing. The footing refers to the point at which the structure meets the soil. This is the section that the structure rests upon. Footers are not always necessary for a standard hobby greenhouse. In situations where they are necessary, footers are typically poured concrete and their exact depth is determined by local building codes and the location’s frost levels. Footers help to prevent sagging or the dropping of the structure’s walls and/or floor into the ground. The choices for a greenhouse’s foundation are typically dependent on the type of greenhouse structure that will be built.", "If you have an attached even-span or a lean-to greenhouse there is a need for footers with the foundation. Local building codes will determine the exact depth needed for the footers. Basically, attached greenhouses require frost free footers that will not shift or move. As the ground freezes and thaws structures without the proper foundation could move or sag. If you plan on building an attached greenhouse, you should also plan on a more extensive foundation. In most cases, the gardener is already planning on the expense of a foundation for the attached greenhouse so the cost of pouring a concrete pad for the floor is seen as a minimal addition. However, some gardeners still prefer the moist, earthy smell of gravel and will have a gravel floor installed. A limestone screening and weed barrier placed beneath the gravel will ensure no weeds start growing from the floor. Some gardeners prefer a gravel floor for its natural drainage properties as well. Regardless of the floor material chosen, the footing requirements will not change.", "Smaller, freestanding greenhouses do not have the same requirements as an attached greenhouse and, therefore, give the grower more options when it comes to the foundation and floor. Freestanding greenhouses can have a concrete slab poured without a deep foundation. In fact, if the greenhouse doesn’t have a knee wall, it can be placed directly on a cement slab or it can be placed on a 4’ x 6” treated lumber base. The best wood choices for a lumber base are usually cedar, redwood, or cypress. Rebar can be added to the wooden base for additional support if desired. For a freestanding greenhouse with a knee wall (a brick or cinder block wall that stands roughly knee high), a 12” x 12” surface footer is required. This is because the additional weight of the brick or cinder blocks could otherwise sink in to the soil and affect the structural integrity of the greenhouse. Knee walls are usually installed to add design appeal and for their natural high thermal mass. During the day, the stones absorb heat from the sun and during the night, they act as a passive heater as the heat is released into the greenhouse.", "Generally speaking, greenhouses that are attached to the home or freestanding greenhouses that are more than 120 square feet will need building permits or will have to be up to code. However, it is always a good idea to check the local city codes to see what permits and footings are required before beginning construction on any greenhouse.", "I hear a lot of indoor and container gardeners speaking about how transplanting is bad, and that you want to minimize it. They also complain that it damages and stresses the root zone and causes the plant react poorly and be sad", "Mangling and abusing the root zone it is not a good idea – trauma is not good for anyone or their plants. I don’t care what they say about “What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger” it isn’t accurate, because a maiming is not something that any plant wants, and it’s not the way to help a plant thrive.", "Transplanting is a form of plant management that considers the optimal and most efficient environment for a plant’s root zone at any stage of growth. Transplanting is:", "In the root’s environment, an excess of moisture and the absence of oxygen will have an effect on the susceptibility of a plant to pathogens.", "When you are container gardening and growing indoors start small with your plants because small works in almost every situation. In a small container, the roots can grow into it without stagnant pockets where no uptake occurs. Let the plant grow into its container, and then give it some time. At each interval, when the roots have filled in, give it a bit more room and energy by transplanting.", "A good rule of thumb I learned from a mentor is to double the container size every couple of weeks. You can modify that schedule, if needed, to control the growth – hold it longer and keep it from exploding, in the right conditions it will thank you. Plus, smaller pots mean we use less water, fewer nutrients and lower costs.", "If you follow this process you can keep the substrate moist and the roots can handle it. If a container that is too large is used for a root mass that is too small, over-watering can cause death or stagnation. When this happens the plants suffer and a grower only wastes money and time.", "At each transplant interval, give the plant what it needs and when it is time to move the plant do it gently. This process can be made easier by using containers that facilitate easy removal – graduated and conical shapes are best. Start by massaging and whacking the outside of the pot to break off the limpet-like roots, and then hold the soil with the stalk as you remove the old pot. The plant will barely notice.", "Emulating nature is great, but urban gardeners do not have the luxury of sunlight in the best latitudes, constant fresh air and water, microbial and fungal networks, thriving ecosystems of predators and prey, etc. it just isn’t available in a contained setting. But you do have the ability to coax plants into their optimal states in indoor and container gardens. With the right conditions and proper care there is some certainty that horticulture can bring out more from a plant than nature can alone.", "Jason Rider is the president of Thriving Systems Design. He can be contacted at j.rider@c-bite.com and you can visit their website at C-Bite.com.", "A pesticide is any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest and will make claims of this on the label and advertising. Any substance falling within this definition of a pesticide must be registered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) before it can be legally sold or distributed in the United States. Section 25(b) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) has determined a Minimum Risk Pesticide does not require EPA registration because it poses little to no risk to human health or the environment. Individual states may still require registration of minimum risk pesticides.", "Even the most careful indoor gardeners can suffer from insect and disease problems with their plants. Minimum risk pesticides are made from natural ingredients that have proven over time to defend against insects and disease, making them an effective option for prevention and control that is also non- toxic to humans. Minimum risk pesticides are generally a solution of botanical oils from herbs such as clove, thyme and rosemary. They work on contact by smothering and dehydrating insects and disease spores while providing a barrier preventing pest establishment.", "It is important to remember that these products are still pesticides and though their ingredients are naturally occurring, it does not mean all of them are suitable for consumption. Not all minimum risk pesticides are allowed for use on food crops. EPA regulations are very specific on which products are allowed and which are not. A product label should clearly list specific insects, diseases, and the crops they can be applied on.", "Castor oil (U.S.P. or equivalent), cinnamon and cinnamon oil, citric acid, cloves and clove oil, corn gluten meal, corn oil, cottonseed oil, garlic and garlic oil, geraniol, mint and mint oil, peppermint and peppermint oil, potassium sorbate, putrescent whole egg solids, rosemary and rosemary oil, sesame (includes ground sesame plant) and sesame oil, sodium chloride (common salt), soybean oil, thyme and thyme oil, white pepper", "Cedar oil, citronella and citronella oil, dried blood, eugenol, geranium oil, lauryl sulfate, lemongrass oil, linseed oil, malic acid, 2-phenethyl propionate, sodium lauryl sulfate, zinc metal strips", "There are significant differences in efficacy and control when using natural products. It may cost a little more, but purchasing the right product should resolve your pest problem and be safe for you and your plant. An easy test is to compare two products with the same active ingredient at different price points. The higher priced item is likely to have more active ingredient leading to a greater chance for control. Research the products before you make a purchase, a little digging can give you a lot of insight into what goes into making and supporting each product. For example, can you find test data to prove efficacy? Has a product been formulated using new techniques or technologies to give it a performance edge? These questions are just the start to finding the best minimum risk pesticide for your needs.", "Although germination and rooting techniques vary depending on the specific plant species, there are some general guidelines that can be followed for propagating the majority of greenhouse ornamentals and vegetable plants.", "A plant started from seed receives its genetics in a manner similar to the way humans receive genetics. Just as we are made up of a combination of our father and mother, a plant started from seed is made from the genetics of its father and mother. As with humans, some traits can skip generations and there is no guarantee that a plant started from seed will inherit specific traits from its mother or father. This is the main reason the majority of commercial plant propagation is done by clone or tissue culture. Starting from seed is unpredictable but it is also a chance to start a completely unique plant that will add more biodiversity to our wonderful planet.", "Germination is the process in which the plant emerges from the seed to start its life. For most plants germination is best done in a very moist (high humidity) environment at a reasonably warm temperature, usually around 75-85 degrees F (the exception to this would be seeds that are generally planted in early spring when the ground temperature is much cooler). Propagation trays with humidity domes are great for starting seeds because they create a microclimate that is more easily controlled. Seeds can be placed directly into a moist medium in the tray and covered with the humidity dome. If the environment is not at least 75 degrees F consistently, it is advised to place a seedling heat mat under the tray to keep a constant temperature. Plants, in general, respond better to consistency and this is especially true with seeds or clones. Keep the top portion of the medium moist until all of the seeds have sprouted. Once the seedlings have broken the surface, lift the dome off periodically to bring in fresh air and also acclimate the seedlings to the lower humidity of the environment. Slowly increase the amount of time each day the dome is removed until it is removed entirely. Most varieties of plants can be acclimated in a matter of a few days. Follow the seed packet’s instructions for thinning, spacing, and transplanting.", "Another popular germination method is the wet paper towel technique. Place your seeds in a damp paper towel and fold the paper towel over the seeds. Put the paper towel in a ziplock bag and place it on top of your refrigerator (toward the back; this keeps the seeds at a consistent temperature). Check daily by gently unfolding the paper towel to examine the seeds. Keep the paper towel moist; adding water if necessary. In a few days you should see the first root coming out of the seed (radicle root). Gently, using a tweezers if necessary, place the seed into the soil with the radicle root facing downward. Cover the seed and keep the top layer of soil moist until the plant breaks the soil’s surface. The paper towel technique is a fun way to teach children how plants start from seeds. This technique works best with larger seeds (melons, cucumbers, squash, corn, sunflower, etc.). Most smaller seeds, such as lettuce, are best planted directly into the soil.", "Starting a plant from a donor or mother plant is a form of cloning or asexual propagation. Some plants naturally propagate themselves this way; a good example is the inch plant (wandering jew). Cloning has become the most popular method among commercial growers because the offspring are identical to the donor plant so the growers know exactly what they are going to get. It also allows the gardener to replicate plants with desirable qualities such as a certain fragrance, color, resistance to pathogens, or any other trait that could be deemed as beneficial.", "There are two popular types of cloning techniques: cuttings and tissue culture. Hobbyist gardeners generally take cuttings to replicate their favorite plants because tissue culture is a more involved process that requires special equipment. African violets, pothos, gardenia, crepe myrtle, cyperus, geranium, wandering jew, coleus, impatiens, spider plants and hibiscus are all easily propagated by cutting. Many vegetables, including peppers, tomatoes, cucumber and squash, can also be propagated by cutting. Some vegetables, like cabbage, can be cloned via their root. Although there is a slight variance in cloning techniques (depending on plant species) the majority of the focus should be on environmental conditions as they are usually the determining factor in cloning success.", "Like plants started from seed, plants propagated from cuttings respond best to consistent temperatures. Ideally the root zone (or potential root zone) is kept at a temperature of 75-85 degrees F. If the environment where the clones are kept has fluctuating temperatures it is best to utilize a heat mat or heat cables to rectify this problem and maintain consistent temperatures. For most species of plants, if temperatures are too low or continually fluctuate below the desired range, the plants enter what I refer to as a state of suspended animation. In other words, they remain green and healthy looking but fail to create roots or carry out any vital functions needed to stimulate new growth. Eventually these clones will die without ever creating a root.", "In cases where humidity levels are high and temperatures are low a cutting or seedling will dampen off. Damping off is a horticultural disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms which destroy a seedling or cutting before it has a chance to grow. On the other end of the spectrum, clones that are kept in temperature ranges above the desired range will commonly wilt or rot and turn into mush long before they develop a new root zone. An inexpensive digital thermometer is a great way to monitor the temperature of the root zone. Make sure to monitor the temperature during the coldest and hottest points of the day to ensure you stay within the desired range even when the atmospheric conditions are the most volatile.", "Humidity levels for cuttings should be kept high for at least the first few days. Although they are not yet established plants, cuttings still transpire moisture through their stomata and without the ability to absorb replacement moisture through a root zone a cutting can quickly wilt in lower humidity environments. Ideally, the humidity level for cuttings should be kept at 80-100% for the first few days. Humidity domes, plastic bags, or any way you can temporarily enclose the cuttings to retain a high humidity environment will suffice. I prefer the humidity domes sold at local gardening centers because they make it very easy to acclimate the plants to their future environment.", "After you take your cuttings, lightly spray the inside of the humidity dome with water and place it on the tray. In the subsequent days remove the humidity dome for a few minutes each day to give the cuttings some fresh air; very similarly to the way you would acclimate seedlings. After four days, you can incrementally increase the amount of time you remove the dome each day until the cuttings are completely acclimated to their environment. Although some plant species are more finicky than others, generally speaking, the cuttings will have created their own roots in 7-14 days and at that time should be completely acclimated to the environment.", "Seedlings and cuttings are more sensitive, not only to environmental conditions but also to pests and pathogenic microorganisms, than adult plants. Before planting seeds or taking cuttings completely sterilize all the equipment you plan on using. Diluted bleach or hydrogen peroxide are great ways to effectively sterilize your propagation equipment before each use. Make sure the medium you choose is sterile as well. Prepackaged propagation mediums offer the peace of mind of a sterilized medium and ensure the seedlings or cuttings aren’t being placed in a compromised medium.", "There are many products on the market designed to aid the propagation process. Rooting hormones, seedling heat mats, aeroponic clone machines, humidity domes, sterile disposable scalpels and numerous prepackaged mediums are all products that can help achieve successful propagation. Just remember, there is no magic product that will automatically guarantee propagation success. These products teamed with sound environmental conditions are the keys to thriving seedlings and clones. Stable environmental conditions are the foundation for making any aspect of greenhouse gardening flourish and propagation is no different.", "A shade cloth is used in a greenhouse for two reasons. First, to protect plants from getting burned by intense sunlight and second, shade cloth is a way to help keep a greenhouse cooler during the hot summer months. Shade cloth can be made from different materials but all shade cloth can be purchased in different filtration ratings. In other words, a gardener can select a percentage of shading that will best fit his or her needs. In most cases, a shade cloth will shade 50%, 60%, or 70% of the sunlight. The higher percentage (70% or greater) is usually reserved for situations where the greenhouse is receiving an abundance of intense sunlight; such as a south-facing greenhouse that receives full sun in the summer months. Shade cloth is usually sized according to the particular greenhouse. In other words, shade cloth is usually custom built for a particular situation. The shade cloth has grommets placed every four feet for hanging on hooks or guide wires depending on the application. A closer look at some of the shade cloth options will give greenhouse gardeners an idea of which shade cloth option will work best for them.", "Aluminet is one of the most affordable and effective shade cloth materials available. Aluminet can be hung on the interior of a greenhouse and placed flush against the walls or ceiling. Aluminet is unique because it not only shades sunlight but it also reflects heat. The biggest advantages of Aluminet are that it not only shades the light but also helps to effectively cool the greenhouse by reflecting a portion of the heat away from the structure. Aluminet is very cost effective and a great choice for home hobbyists. If aesthetics are important (as they are with many home gardeners), the interior hung shade cloth does not take away from the natural beauty of the greenhouse structure.", "Black nylon shade cloth hung on the exterior of the greenhouse is another shade cloth option. The hooks for the grommets are on the outside of the structure and the shade cloth is hung around the exterior of the greenhouse. This type of shade cloth costs about the same as Aluminet and does a good job of filtering the light. Although the greenhouse will be cooler than without the shade cloth, due to its black color, this type of shade cloth does little to reflect the heat away from the structure. As can be imagined, a shade cloth hung on the exterior of the greenhouse will affect the aesthetics of the greenhouse. There is also some additional maintenance with exterior hung shade cloth as they tend to accumulate dirt, dust, etc.", "Motorized shade cloth systems are so expensive they are generally reserved for large, commercial greenhouses. These systems have guide wires where the shade cloth is attached. When needed, a small motor pulls the shade cloth into place. Many commercial greenhouses utilize guide wires without motors as well. Similar to opening or closing a shower curtain, a large span of shade cloth can be opened or closed within the greenhouse. The biggest disadvantage of motorized or manual guide wire shade cloth systems is the shade cloth is never flush with the walls or ceiling of the greenhouse. This means that the heat is still entering the greenhouse. However, there are some situations where it is necessary for the shade cloth to shade a section of the greenhouse. For example, seedlings or light sensitive plants can be protected from intense light by being sectioned off with some shade cloth.", "For most hobbyist growers finding a shade cloth that fits the budget and still performs up to par are the priorities. Gardeners with glass greenhouses which have south or west exposures almost always need to implement some sort of shade cloth. If reducing heat in the greenhouse is as important as eliminating hotspots in the garden a product like Aluminet would be a good fit. Regardless of the particular material chosen, a shade cloth is the best way to keep plants from being harmed by the intensity of the sun during the summer months.", "As practitioners in the fields of horticulture and urban agriculture (fields we give important names to because they follow a proven process and mean something to us) – we growers and gardeners spend an inordinate amount of time fretting about the details.", "All of us agree on the important things; the quality of our substrate, the stability of the environment, control over pathogens, deficiencies and excesses, good light, quality inputs, genetics, sustainability, biodiversity. All important stuff... but ultimately our efforts are geared towards producing quality and volume in our harvests.", "How do we efficiently get from point A (seed) to point B (harvest) with maximum potential being achieved? It’s a bunch of work. And nothing important should be omitted.", "That being said, there is a metaphor that bounces around about a barrel and how each of the staves must fit with the others for the stave joints not to leak. If a stave is not fit or built sufficiently, or is missing: The water will leak and the barrel can never be full.", "This metaphor as an analogy to describe an often overlooked leak in the barrel of our common growing knowledge: The problem of: how do we hold up our plants?", "In controlled growing environments it is of great importance to manage the canopy. Canopy management should be considered a stave in the barrel for a number of reasons:", "To get even distribution of the best quality light at the optimal distance on the greatest number of fruiting and flowering parts to achieve maximum yield.", "To ensure that the plant is given sufficient ventilation and is not exposed to any environmental extremes such as heat or air flow stagnation.", "To use ways of stabilizing the plant and then anchor tie-offs in such a way that the plant is not damaged because breakage means the loss of quality produce.", "Some plants don’t need help; but some do, and most of us treat this as an afterthought. We spend time and money on all of the previously mentioned details, but then just jab stakes in into the root-zone and tie-off branches as they fall or droop. Pre-planning usually involves either a one-size-fits- all structure or some serious DIY.", "That said doing something is the right thing to do: Why wouldn’t all of us serious growers make a plan and fret, in advance, over the details and how to get the biggest bang for our bucks? Canopy management will help to produce larger harvests and make everything else we do work better.", "Jason Rider is the president of Thriving Systems Design. He can be contacted at j.rider@c-bite.com and you can visit their website at C-Bite.com.", "In order for the plants in a greenhouse to continue growing rapidly during the summer months, a greenhouse gardener needs to make sure that the temperature within the greenhouse doesn’t get too hot. There are a few different ways that greenhouse growers can maintain cooler temperatures during the heat of summer. A grower usually chooses a cooling method based on the size of the greenhouse and his or her budget. The most common types of cooling devices used in greenhouses are based on water evaporating which cools the air within the growing space. The most commonly used systems are wet wall systems, portable evaporative coolers, foggers, and humidifiers.", "Wet wall systems are the most popular and efficient way to cool large, commercial greenhouses. These systems consist of cooling pads encased in aluminum housing. The aluminum housing appears similar to a honey comb. The honey comb design allows air to pass over the cooling pads which are kept drenched in water. The air is cooled significantly as it passes through the wet pad on its way into the greenhouse, much like a radiator cooling an engine. After entering the greenhouse, the evaporative effect cools the growing space. The powered fans (placed on the wall opposite the wet wall system) are the driving force for the air movement. The motorized shutters which allow air to enter the greenhouse are usually thermostatically controlled to open and close as determined by the temperature. Wet wall systems are fairly expensive and more elaborate in their installation. This is because the water used in a wet wall system is continuously recirculated and requires a fair amount of plumbing. Because of their expensive and more elaborate design, wet wall systems are usually only used in larger commercial greenhouses.", "Portable evaporative coolers are a cooling device which is much more commonly used by home hobbyist greenhouse growers. Portable evaporative coolers are completely self-contained, movable, and relatively inexpensive ($500-$1000 depending on size). Portable evaporative coolers contain a similar pad to that used in wet wall systems. Like wet wall systems, air is drawn in and forced over the wet pad to create an evaporative cooling effect. Portable evaporative coolers usually contain a float valve and are connected to a garden hose to maintain the water level in the tank as the water evaporates. Portable evaporative coolers work best when they have access to fresh air. In other words, for the best effect, portable evaporative coolers should be placed near the greenhouse entry or a fresh air intake vent. Portable evaporative coolers are thermostatically controlled and can easily be stashed under a bench or out of the way when not in use. Portable evaporative coolers are a great way for home hobbyist greenhouse gardeners to maintain cooler temperatures during the hot summer months.", "For small hobby greenhouses, a fogger or humidifier can serve as an evaporative cooling system. A fogger is a device that emits water in a fine fog. These devices can be placed directly behind a circulating fan to blow the water-cooled air around the greenhouse. As the water evaporates, it creates a cooling effect. A humidifier found at a big box store can be set up in a similar fashion. When placed behind a circulating fan, the cool moist air can be blown across the greenhouse for an evaporative cooling effect. Both foggers and humidifiers emit water droplets so small that the plants within the greenhouse will not get wet. Instead, the water quickly evaporates and cools the greenhouses climate in the process.", "When discussing cooling systems within a greenhouse, some gardeners ask about mist systems. Although a mist system will cool a greenhouse, they are generally better suited for irrigation. The water droplet size from a mist system is much larger than that of a fogger or humidifier and this causes the plants to actually get wet which can create a whole new series of moisture related problems during the hot summer months.", "By maintaining temperatures within the desired range for plant growth, a greenhouse gardener can ensure that he or she maintains vigorous growth even during the peak heat of the summer months. Whether a gardener is attempting to cool a large commercial greenhouse with a wet wall system or a small hobbyist greenhouse with a portable evaporative cooler or a humidifier, evaporative cooling is the best way to ensure that the plants beat the heat of summer.", "Orchid growers need to always be on the lookout for signs of trouble in their plants. If you know what to look for, you might be able to stop the problem before it takes out your precious plant. But if not, all your efforts will have been in vain. With that in mind, here are five important warning signs that your orchids are in trouble:", "The flowers are definitely the most delicate part of your plant. That’s why they’ll often be the first to let on when there’s a problem. If you notice dark spots on your flowers, this could be a sign of a fungal or viral infection about to take over your plant. Punctures in the delicate petals of your blossoms mean that you’ve got an insect problem.", "While the leaves of the orchid tend to show signs of trouble less readily than flowers, they’re also much easier to monitor because they’re continuously present during all life cycles of your plant. If your leaves are a darker shade of green, then the plant isn’t receiving enough light. If your leaves are brown or yellowish, then your orchid is getting too much light.", "If you find that black tips and brown spots are showing up mainly on the body of your orchid’s leaves, then this might just be sun burn. Move your orchids away from direct sunlight and observe them for a week. If the spots continue to grow, then this might just be a case of bacterial or fungal infection. One way to treat this is by cutting off the affected part and applying fungicides. White scaly spots on your leaves are particularly worrisome, as this is a sign of a viral infection. (Sadly, there is currently no definite cure for viral infections.)", "You’ll be repotting your orchid from time to time anyway so that it can get the proper aeration it needs to grow. When you do, always be sure to take a few moments to examine your plant’s exposed root system. The roots should look thick and healthy. If they’re discolored or brittle, or moist and malformed, you’ve probably got a case of root rot, which is either caused by overwatering or letting the plant’s mixture turn stagnant.", "As mentioned above, the flowers are the most highly prized part of the orchid. While all aspects of growing an orchid can be enjoyable, it is the colorful blooms that you look forward to the most. If your flowers tend to wilt too soon after they bloom, then you’ve got good reason to be disappointed. Not only have you worked hard for lackluster results, you’ve likely got a problem with your root system as well, and the buds aren’t getting enough nutrients. This is a good time to re-evaluate how you’re caring for your orchids.", "Pests are a problem for any type of plant and orchids are no exception. Scale insects like to take up residence on the leaves of orchid plants and can be hard to spot, so carefully inspect every time you water. Mealybugs and aphids are a bit easier to notice because of their nasty habit of chewing holes through leaves and flowers. Using an approved insecticide such as malathion is recommended by the majority of growers, and organic alternatives also exist for those who value “green” gardening.", "This information can only be applied to “conventional” magnetic ballasts. Digital/electronic ballasts, which are becoming more common all the time, have some important differences regarding internal inspection, replacing parts, and matching bulb type to ballast. If your magnetic HID light system is giving you problems you can follow a few basic steps to identify the problem.", "Isolate the problem by checking on a few things. Is the ballast receiving electricity? If you plug the lamp in and hear humming noise then it is a good bet that the ballast is working. If you do not hear humming noises check the plug and the outlet for a good connection. The next step is to check the transformer for burns; it is the large, dark steel box. If the transformer I burnt then it must be replaced.", "For HPS units you can also check the starter and the capacitor which look like an oblong tin can. The sealed lip around each end of the can should be completely smooth and have no wrinkles. If the ends are pinched out then the capacitor, the starter or both are burnt out and will need to be replaced.", "If you have verified the ballast is working then the problem is probably with the bulb or the wiring. Check to ensure that the bulb is correctly and firmly screwed into the socket. This sounds simple but it by far the most common reason for bulb failure. With the bulb in place check all the connections for heat and firm contact. Make absolutely sure the ballast is unplugged before touching any bare wires or connections. Inspect thee arc tube inside the bulb. If it is dark, or if the bulb is over two years old, then it could be burnt out.", "If a fuse or breaker switch is thrown when you turn on the light then the circuit is being overloaded. For safety reasons you never use more than 80 percent of the amps available on a circuit. The amp rating should be printed on the breaker fuse.", "Do not worry if the lamp is flickering or pulsating. It takes approximately 100 hours of operation for the lamp halogens in the arc tube to stabilize and pulsate less. Color changes are also normal and do not affect the life or lumens of the bulb.", "Handle the bulbs gently and wipe off any fingerprints. Allow the bulb to cool for 15 minutes before restarting the lamp.", "The HID lamp must run with a ballast of the corresponding and type of bulb. For example you should use a 1,000 watt Metal Halide ballast when you are using a 1,000 watt Metal Halide bulb.", "The light from the lamp will oscillate during the first few hours of use and decrease in intensity during the life of the lamp.", "The HID lamp takes approximately 3 minutes to warm up and reach 80% brightness. If the lamp is shut off after reaching full intensity it will take 10 – 20 minutes before it can restart.", "HID lamps should be replaced after 12-18 months of use. The life span of the bulbs is dependent on how many times the lamp is turned on and off and frequent on-off cycles will shorten the life of the lamp.", "Turn the unit off immediately if the exterior glass of the light bulb cracks, punctures or breaks. Ultraviolet radiation from the HID lamp can cause serious skin burn or eye inflammation. They may still work but it should never be used in that condition.", "Inspect your bulb periodically for scratches and discard the bulb if scratches exist. Scratching the bulb or subjecting it to undue pressure could cause it to shatter.", "Use caution when watering foliage beneath lighting units and do not foliage when the lights are on or have just been turned off. Functioning or recently functioning bulbs are hot and may shatter or crack if contacted by water.", "Once all of the great benefits of growing in a Smart Pot fabric container have been experienced, a gardener will never go back to plastic potting containers again. Fabric containers offer more oxygen to the roots which automatically enables the roots to work more efficiently. Smart Pot containers also “air prune” roots which creates a series of lateral roots within the container instead of the spaghetti-like mess of tangled roots commonly found at the bottom of plastic potting containers. After growers have made the decision to use Smart Pot fabric containers, they must determine which size will best suit their gardening needs.", "With container gardening, it is possible to grow any size plant in any size container. However, just because something can be done, doesn’t necessarily mean it should be done. Growing basil in a 100 gallon pot or a giant pumpkin in a one gallon pot would be far from optimal and the grower would most likely be disappointed with the results. A plant grown in a Smart Pot will typically grow faster and larger than a plant grown in a traditional plastic container; however, growers who have experience with plastic containers can start using Smart Pots that are the same size as the plastic containers they are accustom to. In other words, if a gardener is currently using a three gallon plastic container, a three gallon Smart Pot can be substituted for the same purpose. If the gardener has no experience with plastic potting containers, he or she should consider the following before choosing the container size:", "If you need or plan to move your planting container around, get a Smart Pot size you can handle. For example, a 10 gallon Smart Pot can weigh close to fifty pounds once filled with soil. Smart Pots are durable enough to be slid around for transport but the overall weight of the container should always be a consideration (especially for your back).", "Many gardeners like to use Smart Pots as inserts that fit into other potting containers. This way he or she can receive all the benefits of growing in a fabric container while still displaying a decorative planting container. Just remember, Smart Pots have straight sides (no taper). If you plan on placing the Smart Pot inside another container, make sure the bottom diameter will fit and that you can lift it out if necessary.", "The type of plant you plan to grow will be a determining factor of the size container you should use. Plants that typically grow large in size will not perform up to their genetic potential if they are grown in a container that is too small. The same is true for smaller plants; they will not always perform as well in containers that are too big.", "There are always exceptions (like the grower’s physical growing space) that will contribute to the decision when choosing a container size. That being said, there are general recommendations that can help a grower determine which size Smart Pot to use. The following are recommendations of which Smart Pot size to use for some commonly grown vegetable crops:", "Garlic, leeks, shallots, lettuce, spinach, arugula, chard, endive, escarole, basil, parsley, rosemary, thyme, oregano, sage, beans, bok choy, kale, peas, parsnips, and small annuals", "Peppers, artichoke, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, strawberries, onions, beets, turnips, carrots, radish, patio cucumbers, patio tomatoes, and larger annuals", "Hydroponic gardeners who use Smart Pots will follow slightly different guidelines for determining the best size container for their gardens. The type of hydroponic system, the fertilizers being used, and the type of soil mix will all be factors to consider when choosing the correct size Smart Pot for a hydroponic garden.", "Once a growing system is up-and-running, to successfully grow hydroponic plants, there are only a few tasks required. Check the system daily or every other day and do the following keeping in mind the 5 basic requirements of plants (light, water, nutrients, temperature and oxygen).", "Watch the system and make sure it is performing properly. If it floods the plants and drains at a specific time – verify this. Small bits of growing medium can clog the tubing of a system in no time flat and either leave your plants ‘high and dry’ or continually flooded. This happened to me once.", "As your nutrient solution evaporates, add tap water to refill it to where it should be. Do not ever add a touch more of nutrient powder to replace what you think has been used up. This is a really good way to kill your plants.", "Take care of any problems as fast as possible or they will grow into large problems faster than you will believe.", "Take a look at the plants. Are they wilting and is the growing medium completely dry? Or is it continually soaked? Adjust the amount of nutrient solution accordingly (this is for systems that periodically receive nutrient solution most likely through a timer).", "Dead growth saps the energy of a plant and can be a good beginning for a disease or pest problem so keep the dead matter pruned.", "Keep track of the temperature if you are in a greenhouse and ventilate if necessary by opening doors, windows and turning on a fan.", "In an enclosed area like a greenhouse, let some bugs and breezes get in. This not only helps with pollination but some bugs will actually protect your plants by eating the bad ones.", "Learn to identify the good vs. bad bugs. Dragonflies, spiders and ‘daddy long legs’ are good to have around – they eat the bad bugs so encourage them. I personally love dragonflies – I’ve seen them dive-bomb horse flies and moose flies and eat them.", "Keep a log. What becomes second nature to you now will probably be completely forgotten in a few months so write it down.", "I know this seems like a lot of effort but once you get a routine down you may not need more than a few minutes a day to perform these tasks. Keep up the vigilance and you will grow hydroponic plants that are healthy and you will be amply rewarded with a large amount of vegetables and herbs.", "Upon entering a hydroponic retailer, a consumer will quickly notice the seemingly countless options available. There are many choices when it comes to choosing a brand of hydroponic nutrients (fertilizers) and this can be overwhelming for a novice hydroponic enthusiast. Choosing a hydroponic fertilizer is kind of like buying a car. There are many options but, at the end of the day, they all get you from point A to point B.", "The base nutrients of a hydroponic nutrient solution do just that, get your plants from the beginning to the end. The base nutrients will contain all the mineral essential elements and will provide all that is necessary for plant growth. The essential elements found in hydroponic nutrients can be derived from a variety of sources. The varying sources will affect the formula’s stability. This leads to different types of formulas for the horticulturist to choose from. Typically speaking, there are three types of formulas produced by manufacturers of hydroponic nutrients. One-part formulas (stand-alone grow and bloom), two-part formulas (grow A and B and bloom A and B), and three-part formulas (micro, grow and bloom). A hydroponic grower will usually first choose from a one-part, two-part or three-part formula and then choose which brand of fertilizer he or she wishes to use.", "A one-part formula consists of one individual grow formula and, if it is for growing a plant that produces fruit or flowers, one individual bloom formula. One-part formulas are great for beginner hydroponic growers as they only require the dosing and mixing of one product. The stage of growth of the plant(s) will determine if the gardener uses the grow or the bloom formulation. The type of crop and stage of growth will determine the dilution rate for the particular product. One-part formulas will contain all of the essential elements needed to sustain plant health. However, one-part formulas will usually contain less than optimal levels of some of the essential elements in order to make the overall formula stable. For example, many one- part formulas contain only small amounts of calcium and rely on calcium contained within the grower’s water to make up the difference. Horticulturists using one-part formulas may, in some cases, need to supplement additional sources of certain essential elements.", "A two-part formula consists of two parts for both the grow and the bloom stages of plant growth. In other words, during the vegetative stage of growth, both a grow A and a grow B formula will be required. If the horticulturist is growing a particular plant variety with a fruiting or flowering stage of growth, he or she will be required to use both a bloom A and a bloom B during that period. Two-part formulas offer an advantage as they are able to separate some of the elements that would otherwise create an unstable formula when mixed in the concentrated forms. More specifically, two-part formulas are able to separate particular compounds containing concentrated calcium and phosphorus which could react poorly when mixed. A two-part formula allows the horticulturist to dilute the concentrated calcium before adding the phosphorus. This is why the part A of a two-part formula will usually contain the calcium. Generally speaking, two-part formulas can contain a higher concentration of calcium and a more ideal ratio of all the essential elements than a one-part formula.", "A three-part formula consists of separate micro, grow and bloom formulas. Unlike the one-part and two-part formulas where the “grow” is used exclusively in the vegetative stage and the “bloom” is used exclusively in the fruiting or flowering stage, three-part formulas use all three parts throughout the entire life cycle of the plants. The ratio of the three parts (micro, grow, and bloom) will change depending on the particular dietary needs of the plant and the stage of growth. For example, a pepper plant in its vegetative stage will receive different ratios of each of the three parts than a pepper plant when it is producing peppers. As the names suggest, the “micro” contains most of the micronutrients (and usually the calcium), the “grow” contains nutrients more specific to growth and the “bloom” contains nutrients more specific to blooming. Although growers will use all three parts throughout the plant’s life cycle, they will typically use a higher ratio of “grow” during the vegetative stage and a higher ratio of “bloom” during the fruiting or flowering stage. A three-part formula offers heightened control to the horticulturist and gives the ability to more quickly correct deficiencies.", "After a hydroponic gardener has established an effective base fertilizer program, he or she can begin to experiment with the various nutrient additives available on the market. Micronutrient supplements, carbohydrate formulas, enzyme formulas, plant vitamins, plant hormones and beneficial microorganisms are just some of the options a hydroponic gardener can experiment with. Each garden is different and the best way to determine if a nutrient additive is truly beneficial is by way of experimentation.", "They say that everything is bigger in Texas. Well, Texas is a fine state but you don’t have to live there to enjoy the benefits of a big greenhouse. A good general rule is to figure out what size footprint you need for growing things and then double it. That should be about the right size for your greenhouse. Here’s why I suggest this approach to sizing:", "Smaller structures heat up too quickly and cool down too quickly. Think of how temperamental a cold frame is. If you don’t quickly vent them, they’ll cook your plants in a matter of a couple of hours. The same hold true for a small greenhouse, so bigger is better.", "You need room to work in addition to the space allocated for growing. A greenhouse footprint based on sufficient room for growing plants is a bit like space planning for an office. It’s nice if the desk fits well in the room, but you also need room for your large office chair, a bookcase and a filing cabinet. And, you’d like to be able to push back from the desk and lean back in your chair as well. All of this requires “swinging room.”", "Don’t forget about room to relax. When you’re taking a break from gardening, you’ll want some space where you can sit down and enjoy the splendor that you’ve created. What could be more enjoyable than relaxing in a comfortable chair and enjoying the sights and smells of your herb garden or tomato jungle?", "Lastly, you need room for features like tool storage, a hose rack, walkways, a sink for rinsing off your root vegetables and perhaps a work table or space dedicated to starting seeds in covered, lighted and heated seedling greenhouse within your greenhouse. Also, don’t forget that a drum wall for passive solar energy storage takes up about four square feet per drum. When you start to think about it, there’s plenty of reason to have room in a greenhouse for things that aren’t green. You simply can’t expect to “dance” in a hall closet. You need room to spread out.", "I’m not advocating a huge greenhouse, but we need to be aware that there are people, accessories, resources, tools, walkways and activities that need to be included in our indoor growing spaces – along with all the plants. If you forget about room for these types of things, you’ll soon come to the conclusion that you built a structure that simply isn’t big enough for your needs and longer term interests.", "Proper ventilation is imperative for a greenhouse to function properly. The ventilation system of a greenhouse provides fresh air to the plants (CO2), helps to control temperature and humidity, and reduces the likelihood of disease. Greenhouses are generally enclosed structures that will not ventilate entirely on their own. In order to ensure that proper ventilation in the greenhouse is achieved, gardeners must install either a passive or powered ventilation system.", "A passive ventilation system is a ventilation system without powered fans. Instead, the greenhouse is ventilated via convection (hot air becomes less dense and rises) through the ridge vents. In addition to the ridge vents, a passive ventilation system needs intake vents to allow cool air to enter the greenhouse and displace the hot air as it rises. These intake vents are generally placed on the lower portion of the side walls of a greenhouse. The largest advantage of passive ventilation systems is that they are virtually silent. This can be advantageous for a gardener whose greenhouse is attached to his or her home and the noise of a powered fan would be a disturbance. The biggest disadvantages of a passive ventilation system are cost, maintenance, and efficiency. Most people don’t know that a ridge vent system will cost 3-4 times as much as a PVS (powered ventilation system). Also many people do not understand that maintenance is required with a passive ventilation system. The ridge vent needs to be kept free of debris and cleaned periodically. Also, the pistons on the vent system will need to be lubricated. Last, but not least, because air is not being forced through the greenhouse, a passive ventilation system is not as efficient as a powered ventilation system. All in all, passive ventilation systems are a great fit for greenhouses where the noise of a powered fan would be an annoyance.", "A powered ventilation system for a greenhouse is a ventilation system with a powered fan and intake vents. The cubic feet of the greenhouse space will be the determining factor for sizing a fan system. The minimum goal is to get the cubic volume of air turned over in less than two minutes. In many cases, a fan will be sized to turn over the air in less than one minute. A quick turnover makes it much easier to control temperature and/or humidity, keeping the greenhouse about 10 degrees cooler than a passive cooling system. The fan should be installed on the top section of the wall opposite of the intake vents and screen door. In other words, the intake vents should be installed on the same wall as the door and the fan should be installed on the top of the opposite wall. This ensures that the fresh air entering the greenhouse travels across the greenhouse before being evacuated. Powered ventilation systems are usually set up with a thermostatic control which will turn on the fan when the set-point temperature is reached. The intake vents are synced with the fan so they will open at the same time the fan is activated. In order to maintain the highest level of performance, the thermostat sensor should be placed at plant height.", "In addition to the cooling/exhaust fan of a PVS, a greenhouse should also be equipped with a circulating fan. Circulating fans provide continuous air movement within the greenhouse which helps to maintain uniform temperatures and humidity while also increases the structural integrity of the plants (much like the wind strengthens plants in nature). Greenhouses with circulating fans are the most effective and efficient for maintaining desirable atmospheric conditions.", "Whether you choose a passive or powered ventilation system, making sure a greenhouse is properly ventilated is crucial to creating an ideal growing environment for plants. A greenhouse’s temperature, humidity, and ambient CO2 levels are all determined by the ventilation system. In other words, the ventilation system is one of the most important determining factors over the way plants will perform in a greenhouse and should be contemplated by every potential greenhouse gardener.", "Most people appreciate easy access to fresh produce. This is one of the main reasons many of us become horticulturists. As we go through the trials and tribulations in an attempt to perfect our green thumbs, we each find a “system” that works for us. What if I told you there was already a clever solution to the problem of finding easily accessible, sustainably grown produce? The folks at Foody have solved this quandary with their Foody Vertical Gardens.", "The company “Foody” was spawned from a farmer’s passion to help people grow their own food, no matter where they live. Foody Vertical Gardens allow anyone to grow fresh herbs, fruits, or vegetables year-round, indoors and/or outdoors. The vertical garden has a very small footprint (taking up only two square feet) which means it can fit just about anywhere. Aside from making fresh produce as accessible as possible, Foody Vertical Gardens are designed to increase production through their efficient use of space and reduced requirements of water and nutrients. All of this, combined with no need for herbicides, equates to a reduction in overall expenses for the grower. Foody’s automatic hydroponic system, the Foody 12 Hydroponic Tower, makes growing your own produce as simple, and cost effective, as can be.", "The Foody 12 is a hydroponic vertical garden which utilizes deep water culture (DWC) hydroponic technology. One of the largest advantages of the DWC technology is the rate of growth. Plants grown in the Foody 12 will grow more rapidly than plants grown in soil. The plants will come to maturity sooner and this enables the gardener to enjoy the fruits of his or her labor more quickly than with traditional soil gardening. The watering system on the Foody 12 is completely automated. The garden comes with a submersible pump and water distribution system. Individual siphons are in each growing pod which allow the water level to move up and down automatically ensuring excellent root aeration. The tower’s three growing pods each hold 12 plants (the base holds another eight) and the pods can be rotated manually or by the optional automated drive system (an available accessory). The towers are made from BPA- free, food-grade materials which means they can be used for certifiable organic production. Towers are also UV resistant which ensures years of trouble-free use. The Foody 12 uses only 10% of the water normally required by plants grown in soil. Also, there is no need for herbicides because there are no weeds; just fresh produce at your fingertips. The vertical construction naturally reduces the need to bend over, making the Foody 12 a back saver as well. All the benefits and available options for the Foody 12 make it the most comprehensive vertical gardening system available. However, what makes the Foody 12 so great isn’t just its small footprint or optional automated drive system; it is the fact that the Foody 12 gives anyone the ability to grow fresh food in the comfort of his or her home.", "There is no doubt that we will continue to need solutions to our modern agricultural dilemmas. Companies, like Foody, who create effective, yet simple, horticultural solutions are sure to become household names. People desire access to fresh, sustainably grown produce and there is no better, or easier, way to obtain food security than by growing your own food using a Foody Vertical Garden.", "Attached greenhouses are exactly what they sound like: greenhouses attached to another structure. In many cases, the other structure is the gardener’s house. Attached greenhouses include lean-to greenhouses, window-mounted greenhouses, and attached even-span greenhouses.", "Lean-to greenhouses are built against an existing building using that structure for one or more of its sides. In most cases, lean-to greenhouses are attached to a house. Lean-to greenhouses can be as long as the length of the building they are attached to or as short as desired. Because of their particular construction, lean-to greenhouses are typically limited in width to roughly 12 feet wide. The advantages of a lean-to greenhouse are accessibility to electricity and water (when placed against a house with electricity and water) and decreased cost of materials (since one of the main walls is an existing structure). Lean-to greenhouses typically require less heating than freestanding greenhouses. This can save a gardener a significant amount of money especially if he or she is located in a colder climate. Another advantage of lean-to greenhouses is accessibility. Since the greenhouse is so close to the home, the gardener has easy access to culinary herbs and vegetables. Accessibility also makes it easier for gardeners to keep up with greenhouse maintenance. The last advantage of lean-to greenhouses is that they are relatively simple to construct or inexpensive to purchase. Building a custom lean-to greenhouse can be an easy project for hobbyists who are not usually considered handy at construction. In fact, dozens of basic plans for homemade lean-to greenhouses can be found on the internet. Building one’s own greenhouse can give gardeners a feeling of self-reliance. For gardeners who don’t wish to build their own greenhouses, a lean-to greenhouse kit is an inexpensive way to get into home horticulture. The biggest disadvantages of lean-to greenhouses are their limited space and, in some cases, limited light. Whenever possible, lean-to greenhouses should be constructed on the side of the home that will receive the most sunlight (south side). Even when perfectly placed, a lean-to greenhouse will not receive as much light as a freestanding greenhouse.", "Window-mounted greenhouses are special structures built into a window frame of a home, usually on a south facing wall. These handy, little greenhouses are a great way for hobbyists to keep their thumbs green year-round. Window-mounted greenhouses give hobbyists the opportunity to have fresh culinary herbs and ornamental plants at their fingertips while in the comfort of their own homes. The advantages of window-mounted greenhouses are they are relatively inexpensive and allow growers to harvest plants from inside their homes. In some cases, window-mounted greenhouses can help with heating a home as they let in passive solar heat. The disadvantage of a window-mounted greenhouse is space. These greenhouses are relatively small which limits the species and number of plants a gardener can grow.", "Attached even-span greenhouses are less common than lean-to greenhouses but also share a wall with an existing structure. The difference is that an attached even-span greenhouse appears very similar to a freestanding greenhouse except it is attached to an existing structure at one gable end. In other words, it doesn’t “lean” against the existing structure, but instead has its own symmetrical roof. Attached even-span greenhouses can be much larger than lean-to greenhouses and there are countless design possibilities. The largest advantage of an attached even-span greenhouse is they are less expensive than a freestanding greenhouse and can provide a lot of growing space. As with lean-to greenhouses, water and electricity are more accessible. Disadvantages of an attached even-span greenhouse are increased cost compared to other attached greenhouses and reduced light from shadowing of the attached structure (usually a home).", "Many indoor horticulturists are reaping the benefits of growing in Smart Pot fabric containers. Not only do fabric containers give a plant’s roots maximum exposure to oxygen, but they also naturally “air prune” the roots. Once “air pruned” these roots create multiple lateral, fine roots which, in turn, enhance the entire root structure and increase the plant’s ability to manage moisture and nutrients. Once a garden cycle is complete and the plants have been harvested or transplanted, Smarts Pots have one more trick up their sleeves: they can be cleaned and reused.", "In order to reuse a Smart Pot the first thing a gardener should do is let the container dry out completely. The best way to do this is to remove the medium from the container and let the container sit somewhere in low humidity for a day or two. The goal is to get the container itself and any medium, root debris, etc which remains stuck to the fabric to dry out completely. Once dry, the Smart Pot can be rubbed against itself in order to remove as much debris as possible. After removing as much sediment as possible, the Smart Pot can be sterilized.", "One common way to sterilize a Smart Pot is to put it in the washing machine with a sterilization solution. It is important to choose a sterilization solution that is capable of killing bacteria. Hydrogen peroxide, OxyClean, or a bleach solution all have the capability to sterilize a fabric planting container. Be sure to rinse thoroughly after the sterilization process to ensure all residuals from the sterilization agent are removed. Growers with a large number of Smart Pots may want to utilize a laundry mat for the sterilization process. Please be sure to remove all soil from the Smart Pots before bringing them to the laundry mat. For gardeners with few containers or for those who do not have access to a washing machine, Smart Pots can be soaked in a container of sterilization solution and agitated manually.", "Drying is a very important part of the cleaning process. Do NOT put Smart Pots in the dryer. Smart Pots should only be hung to dry or fluff dried.", "Gardeners who experience excess salt buildup on their fabric containers can rectify the problem with a vinegar-water solution. Salt encrusted Smart Pots can be soaked in a vinegar-water solution which will break up the salt and remove it from the fabric. Be sure to rinse thoroughly after this process as well.", "One of the best things about the Smart Pot brand of fabric containers is its durability. Smart Pot containers are truly built to last and can withstand many washings and growing cycles. Some growers may be timid about reusing Smart Pots. Don’t be. Smart Pots are built to withstand the abuse of use and reuse. While other fabric containers fall apart during the cleaning process, the Smart Pot fabric container will hold strong and be able to be used time and time again.", "When purchasing a greenhouse, a gardener is faced with a few options in regard to the type of material the transparent panels are made from. Although all greenhouses are designed to allow sunlight to reach the plants, there can be a difference in the way a garden performs due to the materials that make up the greenhouse. Hobbyists looking to set up a greenhouse have essentially three choices when it comes to the greenhouse’s glazing options: single pane glass, double pane glass, or multi-wall polycarbonate. Each glazing option has its own advantages and disadvantages which means growers should examine each before making a final decision.", "The older-style single pane glass greenhouses with overlapping glass are less than desirable due to the fact that many of them are not adequately sealed. This can cause a series of problems including inefficiencies with heating and cooling and humidity/moisture problems. The good news is that most of the newer-style single pane glass greenhouses have full length glass panels and are sealed which solves many of the problems associated with the outdated, leaky designs. One great thing about single pane greenhouses is that they look fantastic. Single pane glass greenhouses are very aesthetically pleasing and will only cost a little more than a polycarbonate greenhouse. However, single pane greenhouses should probably be avoided by gardeners in northern climates. Single pane glass greenhouses are the least energy efficient type of greenhouse. In fact, a single pane greenhouse will have double or even triple the heating costs when compared to a double pane or multi-walled polycarbonate greenhouse. Single pane glass greenhouses allow for 92% light transmission. This can be an advantage or a disadvantage depending on your climate and the location of the greenhouse. Greenhouses should let in as much sun as possible, right? In some cases, a glass greenhouse can allow too much light to reach the plants which may create “hot-spots” and cause significant damage to the plants. The gardener may need to install a shade cloth in the greenhouse to rectify this problem. All in all, single pane glass greenhouses are a good choice for gardeners who will not be heating the greenhouse or who strongly desire an aesthetically pleasing greenhouse.", "Double pane glass greenhouses are the bee’s knees when it comes to greenhouses. Double pane glass greenhouses are designed to be the most energy efficient and offer gardeners half the heating costs associated with single pane glass greenhouses. In other words, gardeners can look at a double pane glass greenhouse as a long term investment that will pay for itself in the form of energy savings. Double pane glass can also include a special low-e reflective coating on the inner pane of glass which reflects heat and acts as an insulator. For a serious hobbyist searching for the nicest looking and most energy efficient greenhouse, a double pane glass greenhouse is for you. The only real disadvantage of a double pane glass greenhouse is the initial cost. Double pane glass greenhouses are by far the most expensive option but, again, when examining the long term energy savings, the increased initial cost of the greenhouse would be paid back over time.", "Another glazing option for a hobbyist looking to set up a greenhouse is polycarbonate. Multi-wall polycarbonate greenhouse material comes in a variety of thicknesses (8mm triple-wall, 16mm 5-wall). The construction of the material varies slightly but all include multiple walls inside of the material which form channels that hold air. This airspace is important because it creates insulation value. A polycarbonate greenhouse offers similar energy efficiency to a double pane glass greenhouse. One advantage of polycarbonate material is that it naturally diffuses the sunlight. By diffusing the sunlight, polycarbonate greenhouses reduce the likelihood of “hotspots” and give the plants in the greenhouse an even distribution of light energy. Polycarbonate panels that are slightly tinted can also be installed in the roof of the greenhouse to reduce or eliminate the need for shade cloth. This is a great option for gardeners in hot, sunny locations. Although polycarbonate is not as aesthetically pleasing as glass, these greenhouses offer the best upfront value. Polycarbonate can also be used to retrofit older greenhouses to increase efficiency.", "Please remember when making a decision regarding your greenhouse glazing options that efficiency and greenhouse performance are dependent on many factors including your geographical location and the orientation of the greenhouse. Where you live and what you grow will make a big difference in your selection of a greenhouse and greenhouse glazing. Take the time to explore all of your options to find the greenhouse design that will best serve your purposes.", "Although there is no shortage of new lighting technologies being introduced, high intensity discharge, or HID, lighting systems are still the staple for indoor horticulture. Most of the new lighting technologies are still unable to compete with the growth rates and yields produced by high pressure sodiums and metal halides. While many manufacturers are concentrating their efforts on reinventing the wheel, other companies are putting their efforts toward improving the efficiency of HID fixtures. This is exactly what P.L. Light Systems has done with their revolutionary HSE NXT2 1000w fixture. In fact, the HSE NXT2 could very well be the pinnacle of 1000w horticultural fixture designs.", "When designing the HSE NXT2, P.L. Light Systems took everything they learned from developing past models and set out to develop the most technically advanced fixture available to the horticultural market. The HSE NXT2 has an electronic driver which allows for quiet and efficient operation. The HSE NXT2 also utilizes an all-new custom aluminum ballast compartment with built-in heat fins which reduce the electronic driver’s operating temperature by 6%. The reduction of operation temperature increases both the efficiency and longevity of the unit. Another change to the ballast itself is a hinged compartment which makes servicing super simple. P.L. Light Systems also incorporated a breathable membrane in the HSE NXT2 which keeps dust and dirt out but still allows for excellent ventilation. This ventilation around the ballast equates to even cooler operation and increased longevity. P.L. Light Systems redesigned the lamp holder assembly as well. The new single-part casting with lock sockets makes bulb changes much quicker and easier.", "The HSE NXT2 utilizes a HPS 1000w double ended lamp which has increased light levels by up to 20%. Double ended bulb technology has actually been used in other sectors for years but only recently has been introduced to the horticultural industry. There are many benefits to double ended (DE) technology. The most significant benefit to horticulturists is extended lamp life. In fact, DE bulbs degrade about half as fast as standard mogul-based bulbs which means they can be used for horticultural purposes twice as long. The other huge advantage of DE bulbs is an increased light output level.", "To best meet the demanding needs of indoor horticulturists, the HSE NXT2 has two distinct reflector options: the Alpha or the Beta. The Alpha reflector is designed for uniformity and the most even dispersion of light levels possible. The Beta is designed to produce a more focused output for increased light levels.", "There are many light technologies for horticulturists to choose from. High intensity discharge lamps, especially double ended bulb fixtures, are sure to remain the industry standard for some time. The HSE NXT2 may very well be the best lighting option currently available to horticulturists. If you are going to grow, you might as well grow with the best. Check out the HSE NXT2 today!", "Unstable atmospheric conditions may be the biggest cause of failure in cloning by novice gardeners. Some plant varieties are resilient and will not be adversely affected by large temperature or humidity swings. However, many plant varieties require uniform atmospheric conditions during the initial rooting stage.", "A temperature range of 70-80 degrees F for clones is generally accepted. If this is not possible in your greenhouse or indoor garden it may be necessary to create a small sub-climate elsewhere. Uniform temperature is probably the single largest factor for cloning success. If the temperature gets too hot, the clones will wilt and die before creating roots and if the temperature gets too cold, the clones will enter a state of suspended animation and never create the root systems they need to become individual plants.", "Seedling heat mats are a great way for horticulturists to maintain the proper temperature during the cloning process. Humidity is also a large contributing factor to successful cloning. Many plant varieties do best with a high humidity (80-99%) during the beginning stages of cloning.", "The cutting, once removed from the donor plant, has no root system to bring in moisture. It is, however, able to lose moisture through the surface of its leaves. This makes the cutting rely heavily on the moisture in the surrounding air to maintain health, especially for the first few days. Humidity domes or humidity chambers are great ways for a gardener to maintain a higher level of humidity for the initial stages of cloning. Generally speaking, it is a good idea to acclimate the clone to the ambient humidity after three to seven days. This can be done by taking off the humidity dome each day for a few minutes and then increasing the duration of removal each day.", "After selecting, inspecting, and preparing the donor plant, a gardener may begin taking cuttings. Generally speaking, it is best to make a 45 degree angle cut just above a node site (the place where a leaf or branch attaches to the main stem). There are some varieties of plants that create roots very easily. Those plants can be placed directly into a cup of water after being cut from the donor plant. For example, spider plants, wandering jew, and coleus can all be easily rooted in a cup of water. However, some plant varieties need a little extra care to ensure rooting success. For these plants it may be necessary to use a rooting hormone or cloning gel. These products aid in speeding up the cloning process by immediately providing the cutting with the hormones necessary for root production. When using a rooting hormone or cloning gel, the freshly cut end should be dipped into the hormone right after it has been taken from the donor plant. After dipping the cutting, it can be placed into the chosen medium.", "Some plants can be rooted directly in water and do not require a special medium for rooting. Many plant varieties clone best when placed in some sort of inert grow medium designed for root development. Stonewool, coco fiber, peat moss, perlite and clay pebbles are all examples of inert media that gardeners commonly use to root clones. Some gardeners even choose to place the freshly cut clones into a light soil mix for rooting. In many ways the medium chosen is personal preference. As long as the medium has the ability to hold some moisture and provide oxygen to the developing roots, it will work just fine. Nutrition is not as important in the medium during the early stages of root development. In fact, soils rich in nutrients (especially high nitrogen soils) can slow or inhibit early root development. Most gardeners use no fertilizers during the cloning process; although I have had more than a few people swear by using a very diluted blooming fertilizer (less nitrogen) until the clone has developed a healthy root system.", "One of the most important aspects of cloning by taking cuttings is selecting an appropriate donor plant. The idea is to select a plant variety that has the traits a grower wishes to replicate. However, it is also very important to select a donor plant that is in good health. If the donor plant has diseases, pest insects, or other pathogens chances are good that any clones taken from that plant will have those same problems. Always inspect a potential donor plant carefully before taking cuttings.", "Once a donor plant is selected, it can be prepared for the cloning procedure. One technique that helps to increase cloning success rates is to limit the donor plant’s exposure to intense light for 24 hour prior to taking clones. The plant does not need to be moved into complete darkness. Moving the donor plant to a shaded section of the greenhouse or removing the plant from direct horticultural lighting will help to prepare the plant for cloning purposes. It is also important that the donor plant is not showing any signs of environmental stresses. In other words, it is not wise to take clones from a donor plant that is wilted due to heat or lack of water. If possible, try to make sure the donor plant is at the highest level of health before taking clones.", "When setting up a greenhouse, one of the first things a gardener needs to decide is whether the greenhouse will be a freestanding or an attached greenhouse. A closer look at some of the advantages and disadvantages of each will give a gardener a better idea of which type of greenhouse will best suit his or her needs.", "One of the biggest advantages of an attached greenhouse is that they are generally more energy efficient. This is because one wall is already heated by the home. Another advantage of an attached greenhouse is accessibility. Many attached greenhouses are accessible from the living space which makes entering the greenhouse especially convenient. Attached greenhouses can also add aesthetic value to a home. In many cases, a greenhouse will enhance and/or complement the architecture of the home.", "The disadvantages of an attached greenhouse are that attached structures will require a frost-free footer and a foundation. This can be an added cost to the project. Also, building codes are generally more stringent for structures attached to living spaces.", "Perhaps the biggest advantage of a freestanding greenhouse is that there are fewer limitations regarding size, height and style. Another significant advantage is that freestanding greenhouses usually have better lighting conditions because they can allow light to enter on all four sides of the greenhouse.", "A disadvantage of a freestanding greenhouse is an increased heating cost during colder months. Due to all four sides being exposed to the elements, freestanding greenhouses are less energy efficient compared to an attached structure. Freestanding greenhouses are also less convenient to access because the gardener must go outside to enter the greenhouse.", "Many gardeners believe that a greenhouse should always be located facing south so it receives the most light possible. However, this is not always the best location for a greenhouse. Although the southern exposure will receive the most light, the truth is that most plants do not need that much light and, in some ways, a southern exposure can be counterproductive. During the summer months, a south facing greenhouse can easily get too hot and require a shade cloth to help protect the plants. An overheating greenhouse can hinder plant growth and be a nightmare for the grower. For most hobbyist applications, a greenhouse with western exposure is the way to go. Think “west is the best”. This is not to say that other orientations will not work. In fact, an eastern exposure will work just fine for most plants. A northern exposure may be too shady for any tropical varieties and is the only orientation that should be avoided if possible. Since virtually any orientation will work, greenhouse hobbyists should choose a location that will best complement the home or garden. Just remember that greenhouses do not need to be exposed to the maximum amount of light at all times. In fact, most horticulturists will want sunnier and shadier locations in their greenhouses to accommodate the needs of the various plant varieties.", "Over the last few years, many indoor horticulturists have discovered the benefits of using fabric potting containers. These containers are designed to maximize air exposure to the root mass. Maximizing the exposure to air creates a couple of significant advantages when it comes to root growth and development. First, roots love oxygen. Oxygen helps to promote white, vibrant roots. Because of their breathability, fabric potting containers allow the roots to receive heightened access to oxygen. Fabric potting containers also naturally “air prune” the plant’s roots. As a root reaches the side of a fabric planting container, it gets exposed to air and naturally prunes itself. When the root tip is air pruned, a multitude of lateral roots stem from that root. This creates an unmatched fibrous root structure. When compared to a plastic potting container, where the roots wind upon themselves and become a tangled mess, a fabric container filled with healthy lateral roots reigns supreme. The healthy lateral roots are more efficient at nutrient and moisture uptake which means plants that are grown in fabric containers usually experience accelerated growth rates and larger yields.", "Due to all the advantages offered by fabric potting containers, it is no wonder that so many indoor horticulturists are incorporating them into their gardens. However, some of the growers who are using fabric containers may be doing themselves a grave injustice as well. In truth, not all fabric containers are created equally. In fact, there is a large variance between the way fabric containers are manufactured and this can have a significant effect on the quality of the product and the safety of the plants grown within.", "The folks at High Caliper Growing have their fabric containers (Smart Pots and Big Bag Beds) manufactured in the USA and have ultimate control over the manufacturing process. When a horticulturist purchases a Smart Pot or a Big Bag Bed it will be the same quality product day after day, year after year. On the contrary, when companies do not have control over the manufacturing process, they have little control over the quality and consistency of the fabric. Many of the fabric potting container suppliers probably do not even know what is in their fabric.", "High Caliper Growing has tested their fabric to ensure a high level of consistency and safety. They proudly boast that their fabric containers contain absolutely no BPA. High Caliper Growing independently and scientifically tested four of their leading competitors for BPA. Guess what? Three out of the four have BPA present in their fabrics. I don’t know about you but I don’t want anything I plan on consuming growing in a container that leaches BPA into the most sensitive area for plant absorption (the root mass).", "For indoor horticulturists who want to gain all of the benefits of a fabric container and also want a safe, consistent product, Smart Pots by High Caliper Growing are the way to go. For more information visit Smartpots.com.", "The light energy emitted from a horticultural lighting system is the driving force behind every indoor garden. This is why indoor horticulturists spend a lot of time and money to ensure the lighting system is operating properly. P.L. Light Systems offers some of the best reflectors and these reflectors are designed specifically for high performance indoor gardens. Countless hours of research and development have produced some of the most comprehensive light systems for horticulturists. In order to maintain the highest level of performance, it is recommended that the horticulturist clean the reflector and bulb periodically. It is estimated that light output can be reduced by as much as 15% due to dirt, dust, and other residues that build up on a reflector. Even in gardens where the environment is seemingly clean, reflectors have a tendency to collect dust and dirt over time and should be cleaned.", "In order to clean the bulb and reflector, the horticulturist should first make sure the fixture is unplugged (or power is disabled) and the bulb has been given sufficient time to cool. Next, the gardener should carefully remove the bulb with gloved hands or a cloth and set it aside for cleaning. With the bulb removed, the horticulturist can follow P.L. Light System’s reflector cleaning instructions.", "1. Carefully remove the reflector from the fixture. Flush the reflector with water both inside and out to remove residues or environmental contamination. Spraying the reflector with a low powered hose works great for this step. This initial step removes the majority of the dust and dirt found on the reflector.", "2. Fill a large basin with vinegar and water at a ratio of 1:100 (1 part vinegar to 100 parts water). Submerge the reflector and clean with a very soft brush. This step removes the grime and residues that could be the result of foliar sprays, pesticides, and condensation.", "3. Fill a second large basin with clear water. Rinse the reflector in the clear water to remove the cleaning solution.", "4. Lastly, fill a third basin with distilled water. Rinse the reflector in the distilled water to remove any hard water residues. Skipping this step could result in hard water spots remaining on the reflector’s surface. If there are any remaining residues after this step repeat steps 1-4.", "The electronics within the fixture are extremely sensitive to dust and other outside influences. This is why all of P.L. Light System’s fixtures include a special membrane that prevents dust from entering while still ensuring excellent ventilation. The membrane also protects the electronic components from moisture. The protective membrane means a long, problem-free life for the electronics and is one of the reasons why P.L. Light System fixtures outperform and outlast other light systems on the market.", "After cleaning the reflector and placing it back in the fixture, the horticulturist can clean or replace the HID bulb. In order to clean a HID bulb, the horticulturist can use isopropyl alcohol and a clean, soft cloth. Be careful not to touch the bulb after it has been cleaned because the oils from your fingers can cause a “hotspot” on the bulb which could lead to bulb failure or worse. Using gloves or a cloth, place the bulb back into the reflector.", "Reflector and bulb maintenance should be performed at least once a year. For many indoor horticulturists bulb and reflector maintenance is part of their cyclical maintenance. In other words, the horticulturist will perform these tasks after every garden cycle. This way, the horticulturist is sure to continuously provide his or her garden with the highest light output levels possible.", "There are several easy propagation methods you can use for houseplants. There are some basic concepts that apply to all propagation methods, rather you are try plant plant cuttings, plant division, offsets, air layering, or plantlets.", "Whichever propagation method you select, the parent plant must be healthy. Cuttings taken from a sick or dying plant are doomed to fail.", "Since moist conditions are needed for rooting to be successful, it is important to use a rooting hormone that contains a fungicide to prevent plant diseases.", "The rooting medium should be light and fast draining. If you purchase new construction sand, vermiculite, peat moss, or perlite, it can be used directly from the bag. Medium taken from any other source should be sterilized by heating it in the oven at 200 degrees for 30 minutes.", "Pots or containers for the new plants must be clean and free of old soil and plant material; if using old pots be sure to wash them well with a household disinfectant. It’s important to use very small containers when you propagate to prevent over watering and help roots development. 2” or 4” pots work well for a single cutting or use a 6” pot for several cuttings.", "Roots that form in water are different than roots that form in soil. If possible, use soil rather than water to propagate plants.", "Never allow the soil of newly propagated plants to dry out, but on the other hand, the soil should never be soggy. If the planting medium is too dry or too wet, roots don’t develop.", "To increase the humidity and keep the soil from drying out place newly propagated plants into a plastic bag and seal the top or cover the plants with a sheet of plastic. You can use small picks or sticks to keep the plastic from resting on the plants.", "High intensity discharge lighting includes both metal halide (MH) and high pressure sodium (HPS). HID lighting consists of three components: the ballast, the reflector or socket, and the bulb. Ballasts can be specific to the type of bulb (MH only or HPS only) or they can be switchable, or “smart” ballasts, which have the ability to operate either type of bulb. Most ballasts are specific to wattage; although some of the newer, digital ballasts can operate different wattage bulbs.", "The ballast connects to the power supply and acts as a power converter so the bulb receives the proper current. The reflector, or socket, is the component that connects the ballast to the bulb and the bulb itself is the component that actually emits the light. After receiving the proper current from the ballast, the bulb converts that energy into light.", "HID lighting is still the most popular choice for horticulturists for a few reasons. First, this technology has been around for a long time and is used in other industries. This means there are many manufacturers which helps lower the cost. Initial cost is not the only reason horticulturists continue to choose HID lighting. High wattage HID fixtures are very powerful and have the capability of penetrating a plant canopy along with covering a large area. For example, an indoor horticulturist who is using a 1000 watt HID light can adequately cover 25-50 square feet of garden space. Greenhouse growers looking for supplemental lighting can cover even more space with that same 1000 watt fixture. It is not uncommon for greenhouse gardeners to have a 1000 watt HID cover 100+ square feet for supplementary lighting purposes. Long story short, HID lighting has a low initial cost for a relatively large coverage area. This is the main reason HID lighting has remained so popular among horticulturists.", "Tissue culture, in horticulture, refers to the replication of a plant from its cells or tissue which are grown in a nutrient culture medium under sterile conditions. Basically, tissue culture is like growing a plant in a petri dish from just the tiniest slice of tissue. Most plant varieties can be successfully duplicated with tissue collected from the root, stem, leaves, seed, flower, or virtually any other part of the plant. Sterile conditions are crucial for the tissue culture technique because living plant materials are naturally contaminated with microorganisms. Tissue culturists must sterilize the starting plant material in a chemical solution, usually consisting of alcohol and sodium hypochlorite. After sterilization, the starting plant material is placed in a sterilized container which contains the nutrient culture medium. The nutrient culture medium consists of a correct balance of plant hormones (auxin and cytokinin) and a nitrogen source. Too much auxin will result in excess root growth, whereas too much cytokinin will result in excess shoot growth. Once the specimens grow large enough, they can be transplanted into potting soil or other desired medium to grow like normal plants.", "Tissue culture offers the horticulturist many different advantages. Like conventional cloning, tissue culture offers the ability to create large numbers of genetic copies of a desirable plant. Unlike conventional cloning, tissue culture can be used as a way to preserve rare or endangered plant species and can also be used to rescue embryos in distantly related cross pollinated species. The biopharmaceutical industry uses massive bioreactors filled with tissue cultures which can produce valuable compounds used as biopharmaceuticals. Another huge advantage of tissue culture is the ability to “clean” plant material of contaminates. In other words, a plant that has developed a disease or virus can still be propagated without bringing the pathogen along with it. This advantage alone provides an invaluable asset of preservation to modern horticulture.", "Tissue culture kits are available for hobbyists to use. There are even some recipes online for creating tissue culture kits out of mostly around-the-house items. Because sterilization is so important, hobbyists who want to experiment with tissue culture need to have a dedicated area. Although tissue culture may be a fun experiment, other asexual propagation techniques are more practical for the average greenhouse hobbyist.", "There are several frame types being used to construct greenhouses. And Depending upon your needs some are better than others. The primary materials are galvanized steel, aluminum, PVC, fiberglass and wood.", "Steel is one type of framework used on kits. It is strong, and galvanized steel will be rust resistant, but in time will rust a bit. Because of the weight, it will cost more to ship than other materials. Galvanized steel tends to be used on the lower end greenhouse kits, but it can be found on the more expensive ones too.", "Aluminum is strong, will not rust and is lightweight. Round or square tubing is used, depending upon the covering material that is being used. Square tubing is available from building supply stores and this material could be used to construct a greenhouse frame. Drilling holes in it is fairly easy, so fiberglass panels or polycarbonate sheets could be fastened to the structure.", "PVC pipe can be used to construct a Quonset type greenhouse frame. It is readily available, inexpensive and easy to work with. Up to one inch diameter can be bent to form hoops over which Polyethylene film can be stretched. Ends can be constructed from either plywood or fiberglass sheets. Fiberglass sheets can also be screwed to the hoops to form a cover over the frame.", "Treated wood can also be used to construct a greenhouse. If you are do-it- yourself grower, this type of structure can be a bit harder to build. Just about any type of covering could be installed over a wood frame. It is strong enough for glass, Polyethylene films can be stapled to it and polycarbonate or fiberglass sheets can be screwed to it. Wood is the most versatile material available for a greenhouse structure. Besides pressure treated lumber, cedar and redwood can also be used for greenhouse construction. Both are lightweight and strong. Redwood is the most readily available and tends to be used in high end kits. Greenhouses constructed from redwood are both attractive and long lasting.", "Fiberglass tubing is also used as a greenhouse framing material. An advantage to this material is that it will not conduct heat or cold easily, thus helping keep heat in and cold out.", "The size of a greenhouse can be determined primarily by the quantity of plants you plan to grow during the period of cold weather when additional heat and protection from frost is required. Plants that prefer warmer climates can continue to grow inside the greenhouse to produce flowers, fruits, or vegetables through cold and warm seasons. Plants, requiring shade during both cold and warm weather, can be protected from direct sun with a shade cloth. Size also will be influenced by the amount of space and money you have available.", "The square footage required can be determined by laying out a floor plan that includes growing areas, walkways, and work and storage spaces not provided for in other structures. Enough space should be provided to prevent plants from touching greenhouse walls during freezing weather and to allow adequate air circulation. Plants should be reachable from walkways or from between benches and beds to allow for regular watering, fertilizing, and insect and disease control.", "Walkways must accommodate the movement of workers, customers, equipment, plants, and vegetables in and out of the greenhouse. However, you want to minimize your walk, work, and storage areas as much as possible, because only the growing areas provide income or plants and vegetables for your own use.", "If you are a commercial grower your greenhouse will need to accommodate trucks backing into (or at least close to) the greenhouse to load and unload. If this is the case make sure the greenhouse doors are large enough to accommodate them.", "If money is tight, you can make the permanent greenhouse smaller by using less expensive temporary structures to raise early and late vegetables. Bedding plants can also be moved outside early to harden off, using temporary covers to protect them when frost is predicted.", "Double and triple uses of greenhouse space allow for increased production per square foot. A simple wooden or metal frame can be built over a supply-storage area, creating more room for flats of plants. Temporary benches, filled with plants, can be set between rows of transplanted vegetables and moved as space needs change. Lettuce, spinach, radishes and other quick maturing crops can be planted early between tomato and pepper plants and harvested before later crops grow large enough to block the light.", "Greenhouse rafters should be high enough to hang baskets above the heads of workers and customers, especially in walkways, yet low enough to water and fertilize regularly. They will need to be spaced far enough apart to grow without crowding and to allow light penetration to plants below.", "A plant started from seed receives its genetics in a manner similar to the way humans receive genetics. Just as we are made up of a combination of our father and mother, a plant started from seed is made from the genetics of its father and mother. As with humans, some traits can skip generations and there is no guarantee that a plant started from seed will inherit specific traits from its mother or father. This is the main reason the majority of commercial plant propagation is done by clone or tissue culture. Starting from seed is unpredictable but it is also a chance to start a completely unique plant that will add more biodiversity to our wonderful planet.", "Germination is the process in which the plant emerges from the seed to start its life. For most plants germination is best done in a very moist (high humidity) environment at a reasonably warm temperature, usually around 75-85 degrees F (the exception to this would be seeds that are generally planted in early spring when the ground temperature is much cooler). Propagation trays with humidity domes are great for starting seeds because they create a microclimate that is more easily controlled. Seeds can be placed directly into a moist medium in the tray and covered with the humidity dome. If the environment is not at least 75 degrees F consistently, it is advised to place a seedling heat mat under the tray to keep a constant temperature. Plants, in general, respond better to consistency and this is especially true with seeds or clones. Keep the top portion of the medium moist until all of the seeds have sprouted. Once the seedlings have broken the surface, lift the dome off periodically to bring in fresh air and also acclimate the seedlings to the lower humidity of the environment. Slowly increase the amount of time each day the dome is removed until it is removed entirely. Most varieties of plants can be acclimated in a matter of a few days. Follow the seed packet’s instructions for thinning, spacing, and transplanting.", "Another popular germination method is the wet paper towel technique. Place your seeds in a damp paper towel and fold the paper towel over the seeds. Put the paper towel in a ziplock bag and place it on top of your refrigerator (toward the back; this keeps the seeds at a consistent temperature). Check daily by gently unfolding the paper towel to examine the seeds. Keep the paper towel moist; adding water if necessary. In a few days you should see the first root coming out of the seed (radicle root). Gently, using a tweezers if necessary, place the seed into the soil with the radicle root facing downward. Cover the seed and keep the top layer of soil moist until the plant breaks the soil’s surface. The paper towel technique is a fun way to teach children how plants start from seeds. This technique works best with larger seeds (melons, cucumbers, squash, corn, sunflower, etc.). Most smaller seeds, such as lettuce, are best planted directly into the soil.", "One of the best reasons for a greenhouse of your own is to beat the escalating price of food. For a family of three, a greenhouse will pay for itself in a year or two. No more multiple dollars per pound for produce that you can grow in your own backyard.", "As consumers, we are ever more dependent on jobs, fuel, utility companies and government. A greenhouse of your own helps you become independent and self- reliant in one of the most important areas of life — keeping you and your family fed.", "Lighting, atmospheric conditions and nutrition are some of the most important garden variables that new growers must master in order to be successful. After a grower has a good understanding of the basics behind the operation of an indoor garden, he or she can begin searching for other ways to help maximize performance. There are numerous variables that make up a well functioning indoor garden but examining the potting containers is a good place to begin.", "For many growers, plastic potting containers have become the norm because that is what their friends use or they do not understand that there are other options available. The truth is, plastic potting containers are not necessarily the best option for indoor horticulture. Fabric containers, like the Smart Pot, are changing the way indoor horticulturists view planting containers. There are multiple benefits to using a fabric planting container in an indoor garden; all of which can help a grower to maximize his or her return.", "The biggest difference between a fabric container and a plastic container is breathability. A plastic container is non-permeable and will not allow any air to reach the side portions of the planting container. With a Smart Pot all of the soil within the container is exposed to air. This “breathability” creates two distinct advantages over plastic potting containers: air pruned roots and increased oxygen to the root mass.", "After branching out from the center, the roots will eventually reach the wall of the potting container. In a typical plastic potting container, the roots will reach the wall and turn. This creates a circling of roots within the container. The roots in a fabric container behave differently. As a root reaches the wall of a fabric container, the exposure to air causes the root to air prune. The tip of the root is “pruned” and stops growing. As the tip of the root stops growing, a series of lateral roots grow off the main root. This creates a more uniform root mass within the potting container. A plant with a uniform root mass is more efficient at up-taking nutrients and moisture. It is the natural air pruning from fabric containers that creates a healthier, more uniform root mass. As many growers know, a plant with a robust root mass will be healthier and produce better yields.", "Aside from the benefits of air pruning, the increased exposure to air provides the roots with a higher oxygen content. Roots love oxygen. When a plant’s roots are provided with increased oxygen levels healthier, brilliantly white and fuzzy roots with lateral branches are created. The increased oxygen is also a safe guard against many root-borne pathogens. Root rot (pythium) is a common problem for indoor horticulturists. This nasty disease is capable of wiping out an entire garden in a matter of just days. By using a Smart Pot, indoor gardeners automatically protect themselves from pythium or other anaerobic pathogens that breed in oxygen depleted environments.", "Indoor gardeners who are still using plastic potting containers to house their soil should definitely give a fabric container, like the Smart Pot, a try. If the science behind the fabric containers doesn’t convince you, try doing a side by side comparison. Grow one plant in a fabric pot right next to a plant of the same variety in a plastic container. Once you have experienced the increased growth rates and the healthiest root masses you’ve ever grown indoors, you’ll be switching every plastic container to Smart Pots before you can say, “air pruned”.", "Greenhouses shield you and your plants from the damaging effects of a storm that might bring high winds, driving rains and hail or freezing weather with ice and snow. It also protects your plants from the constant drying effects of winds in more arid environments.", "In most places across the country, the sheltered environment of a greenhouse provides enough protection for growing vegetables year round. Even when temperatures drop into the single digits, many cold tolerant vegetable crops can survive just fine.", "Get started earlier than normal and garden longer than your normal summer season. Unless you are growing plants that are very temperature sensitive, and your environment is harsh, you should be able to count on nearly two months head start and two months extended growing season, all with no supplemental heat.", "Plants love warmth and humidity. They thrive in it. A greenhouse allows you to easily capture and maintain an environment of warmth and humidity." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Tell If You Are Over-Watering or Under-Watering your Orchids - Garden &\nGreenhouse\n\nConnect with us\n\n# How to Tell If You Are Over-Watering or Under-Watering your Orchids\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 10, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n\nOrchids add beautiful splashes of vivid color to their surroundings and so\nmany people opt to have these rainforest beauties in their homes. These\ndelicate plants have special watering needs though. For this reason, many\npeople unwittingly either over-water or under-water their orchids.\n\nOver-watering of orchids if the most common reason why these household plant\ndon’t flourish as robustly as they should. There is a common misconception\nabout rainforest plants like orchids needing lots of water. However this is\nuntrue because while rain forests do indeed receive a lot of rainfall, only a\nfine misting of rain ever reaches the forest floor because of the thick canopy\nof leaves above. So in reality, wild orchids clinging to the trunks of giant\nrainforest trees only get a sprinkle of water. There are several common\nsymptoms of over-watering in orchids to watch out for.\n\n### Over-Watering\n\n#### Mushy Roots\n\nThese will be dark looking and very mushy.\n\n#### Limp Leaves\n\nThese will usually have spots or blotches of yellowing and or darkening.\n\n#### Decaying Leaves\n\nAt the base of your leaves near the plant you may see signs of rotting or\ngrowths on the underside of leaves.\n\n#### Overall Lack of Health\n\nThe plant will appear to be generally struggling, weak, and lackluster.\n\nThere are, however, the well-meaning but overprotective orchid owners who have\nheard of the evils of over-watering and keep their plants on a strict ration\nof a few ounces of water once every other week. This most often results in\nanother problem just as serious as the first, and that’s under-watering. One\nof the most distressing things about an under-watered orchid is that its\nsymptoms are almost identical to over-watering. Therefore, fearing for the\nlife of their precious orchid, these water-shunning owners further abstain\nfrom supplying the much needed liquid, and the poor orchid languishes away\nfrom thirst. Here’s how you can distinguish under-watering from over-watering.\n\n### Under-Watering\n\n#### Roots\n\nThe biggest difference to help you decide will be that the roots will be thin,\ndry, and shriveled looking as opposed to the mushy ones of an over-watered\norchid.\n\n#### Leaves\n\nMay have growths, yellow blotches or be thin and dry feeling.\n\n#### Decay\n\nThere may be leaf death and rotting as with over-watering, but leaves will be\nshriveled and pinched looking instead of wet and rotting.\n\n#### Overall Lack of Health\n\nAn under-watered orchid will be stunted, limp, and scrawny looking and will\nlack the robust green leaves of a healthy plant.\n\n### What to Do for Over-Watering\n\nRemove the suffering orchid from its pot and trim off all the rotting roots.\nDepending on how much damage there is to the plant, this may be a rather\nbrutal process and the plant may appear rather bare of roots afterward. If\nthis happens you should place the root end of the orchid in a plastic bag and\nput the bagged orchid somewhere warm but out of direct sunlight. This will\ninduce humidity and stimulate the growth of new roots. Repot your orchid in\npotting mix that provides better drainage and reduce watering to once every\n4-7 days.\n\nMonitor the health of the plant and adjust the watering schedule to its needs.\nRemember to always water during the daytime to allow your orchid sufficient\ntime to dry off during the warm day and before nightfall. Your orchid will\nslowly put out thick new leaves and begin blooming again.\n\n### What to Do for Under-Watering\n\nRemove your orchid from its pot and trim off any dead roots. If all roots are\ndead then follow the same bagging procedure for orchids that have been over-\nwatered. Repot the orchid in potting mix that retains more water and increase\nthe frequency of watering. In time your plant will begin to develop new\nhealthy green leaves but the old shriveled ones will remain that way. This is\nnormal with orchids recovering from a long dry spell.\n\nProvided by EzineArticles.com\n\n### Want more information? Read these articles:\n\n4 Simple Orchid Care Tips For Newbies\n\nMiltonia Orchid Care\n\nThe 6 Keys to Brassia Orchid Care\n\nThe Basics of Tropical Orchid Care\n\n### Subscribe to Garden & Greenhouse Magazine\n\n### Subscribe to Garden & Greenhouse Email Newsletter\n\nRelated Topics:\n\nContinue Reading\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# 4 Landscaping Tips for a Beautiful Patio\n\nPublished\n\n1 month ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 28, 2021\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\n_Image by ljlabarthe from Pixabay\n\nNothing is more relaxing than having a beautiful home with amenities to help\nyou unwind after a tiresome day. Apart from offering additional relaxation\nspace, an attractive patio enhances the value of your property. It can also\nminimize the hustles of lawn maintenance while providing extra multifunctional\nspace in your home. A well-designed patio can make your home feel more\ninviting and cozy in many ways. In this piece, we will take a look at some\nlandscaping tips you could use to make your patio a space of beauty.\n\n## 1\\. Variety of Plants\n\nPlants breathe life and a relaxing feeling into almost any space. Whether you\nare building a new patio or reviving an old one, think about how flora can\nhelp you construct a beautiful area. Introduce a diverse range of colorful\nplants that bloom at different seasons of the year. You can also use\ncontainers with different colors or designs to bring in the aspect of art.\nMoreover, they are portable and can easily be interchanged.\n\nThis will bring energy and a sense of life to your patio out of the varied\nornamental leaves blooming throughout the year. For instance, some of the\nplants like the Rozanne geranium bloom from June to October. Planting a\nvariety of plants will also ensure your patio retains its attractiveness.\n\n## 2\\. Use of Bricks\n\nStone or brick are some of the materials you can use to add a unique feature\nto your yard patio. Bricks are long-lasting, and they bring out a natural\nfeel, style, and class. You also have a variety of designs and colors to\nchoose from. The colors range from traditional red to grey, brown, and even\nmulti color options. You can assemble the bricks in your own unique design\nthat best suits your preferences.\n\n## 3\\. Fountain Patio\n\nDesigning a captivating patio can be a daunting task, but it becomes easier\nwhen you are guided and informed. Water fountains are a unique feature. It\nspeaks elegance to your outdoor space. If you are looking into ways to enhance\nyour patio, a fountain will deliver exemplary results. The sight and sound of\nthe falling waters will bring a sense of calmness and relaxation aura. It’s\nsoothing and fascinating to watch and hear the water trickling.\n\n## 4\\. Covered Patios\n\nLately, covered patios seem to have acquired significant popularity. Many\nhomeowners are embracing covered pergolas to create comfortable and inviting\noutdoor spaces. As seen on Malone’s Landscape website, the shaded outdoor\nunits are multifunctional. They can be used for a wide range of outdoor social\nactivities or occasions like barbeques, dinners, parties, and many more.\n\nThe shade allows you to hide away from the hot rays of the sun while enjoying\nthe soothing warm breeze. The cover makes it a cozy recreation area. It\nprovides an ideal hideout for your family and friends during summer while\nenjoying your barbecue portions. You can even add extra entertainment like TV\nor sound system to make it more alluring.\n\nConsidering the countless benefits they offer, a patio could be just what you\nneed in your home for times when you need to escape into the solace arena of\nnature. With the right tips, you can create an oasis of comfort and allurement\nin your yard. The above tips can help you design an eye-catching patio that\nyour neighbors will probably get jealous of.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# 4 Tips For Optimal Tree Maintenance\n\nPublished\n\n1 month ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 25, 2021\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIn tough times, many Americans are relying on their gardens to get them\nthrough, with The New York Times recently publishing the headline, Food Supply\nAnxiety Brings Back Victory Gardens. In times of need and plenty alike, few\nthings are quite as gratifying as having a large garden with trees that\nprovide shade and food. Common trees you may have in your yard include\nAmerican hollies, red oaks, silver maples, sugar maples and Eastern redbuds.\nPopular fruit trees, meanwhile, include honeycrisp apple, Lapins cherry,\nHarken peach, Warren pear, and Santa Rosa plum trees. If you want to ensure\nthat the trees in your garden last a lifetime, resisting common problems and\npests, the following tips may be useful.\n\n## Getting Your Watering Schedule Right\n\nTrees have very specific needs when it comes to watering. For instance, newly\nplanted trees require frequent watering, with experts recommending daily\nwatering for up to two weeks after planting, tapering to every two or three\ndays for the next three months or so, and culminating in just once a week of\nwatering after the roots have stabilized. This is only a general rule, though,\nsince watering frequency will depend on everything from the type of tree to\nthe climate in the zone you are living in. One general tip to test for the\nneed to water is to take an eight-inch or longer screwdriver and stab it into\nthe soil. If it doesn’t slide into the soil further than around six inches, it\nis a good sign your tree needs more water.\n\n## Choosing The Right Fertilizer\n\nFertilizer is a vital way to ensure your beautiful trees receive an optimal\ncocktail of nutrients, but choosing a quality product is key. Avoid those\ncontaining high levels of nitrogen as well as weed-and-feed fertilizers, since\nthey can damage roots. Seeking advice on the best products for your specific\ntrees is important, to ensure you aren’t doing more harm than good through\nyour product choice. Aim to fertilize your trees every two or three years in\nthe autumn or winter season. Make sure you reach the totality of the root\narea, applying product to any turf surrounding your tree as well. Be aware\nthat some trees require less fertilization than others; for instance, applying\ntoo much fertilizer to pine trees, causes ‘leaf scorch’ and an unattractive,\ngapped appearance between leaf whorls on branches.\n\n## Keeping An Eye Out For Pests And Disease\n\nWhen pruning your tree to remove broken branches, watch out for signs of\ndisease and pest infestation. Signs are usually visible on the leaves, bark,\nbranches and twigs. These signs can include leaf discoloration, thinning\nfoliage, poor branch growth, holes and frass on the trunk, and roots that lift\nupwards. Sometimes, pests such as carpenter ants are present. While these\ninsects don’t necessarily destroy the tree itself (since they feed on parts of\nthe tree that are already rotten, injured or dying), they should be given due\nimportance. Carpenter ants in trees should be eliminated quickly, since they\ncan damage nearby structures, tunneling and chewing through wood to create\nnests. Other common pests include gypsy moths (which eat hardwood tree\nleaves), the Western tent caterpillar (which attacks aspen, fruit trees,\npoplar and willows, as well as other trees), and wood borers (which attack the\nbark of ash trees). It is a good idea to have a yearly inspection by a trusted\nprofessional to spot such problems before they cause severe damage to your\ntree or other parts of your property.\n\n## Applying Mulch\n\nMulch is a great ally for any tree to have, since it insulates roots, helps\nthem stay hydrated, and protects them against wear and tear. To ensure your\ntree benefits optimally from mulch, remove any turf beneath your tree and\napply around four inches of mulch, keeping the tree base clear. There are many\ndifferent types of mulch to choose from – including wood chips, grass\nclippings, and hay. Whichever you choose, aim to go organic, since these\nmaterials decompose, improving the quality and fertility of soil.\n\nTrees are a boon to many families currently undergoing tough times and seeking\nto literally ‘live off the land’. If you have a yard with fruit trees or you\nsimply enjoy gathering with others beneath the shade of your favorite tree,\nremember to water, fertilize, apply mulch, prune, and check for pests. Most\nimportantly, schedule an appointment with an ISA-certified arborist, who can\nalert you to any potential problems early, so you can take the steps you need\nto save your trees.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# Landscaping Ideas for Small Gardens\n\nPublished\n\n2 months ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 12, 2021\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nA charming outdoor space is always invigorating to the mind and soul. However,\ndesigning this area of your home comes with several challenges, and space is\none of them. If you have been wondering how you can create a stunning garden\nthat will awe your guests and family at your abode, look no further. Below are\nsome landscaping ideas you could use to give your small garden some life.\n\n## Use Potted Plants\n\nCreating a lush, welcoming garden shouldn’t be complicated. Landscaping with\npots can add extra space when gardening in a small backyard. You can grow a\nwide range of potted plants, including creepers, ornamentals, herbs, and much\nmore. Some could even be hung or placed on the ground. Integrating pots into\nyour landscaping is also cheaper. Doing this will also help you add more color\nto your yard. The best part of it is that pots are mobile. You can change them\nafter some time to break up the monotonous look. Add some uniqueness by\nchoosing pots with visual appeal. You can use metal buckets, barrels, teapots,\nor whatever suits your style.\n\n## Create a Secluded Nook\n\nEvery backyard needs a nook where you can relax from the turbulence of life.\nConsider setting some space aside in your small garden where you can relax\nalone and read a book, welcome guests, or nap in a chair or a hammock. You\nonly need to select the right spot in your backyard with minimal noise,\npreferably one with a wall and a surrounded hedge. It should be placed for\nprivacy away from the house. Add some seats with pillows and blankets to keep\nyou warm and cozy at night. Ensure it is surrounded by some potted plants,\nespecially creepers, herbs, and a few trees where possible.\n\n## Consider Illuminated Walkways\n\nWalkway lights can go a long way in improving the visual appeal of your\ngarden. Ensure you choose the ideal lighting for your yard to supplement the\nlandscaping and the architectural hallmarks of your home. You can install\ngeometrical structures or tall angled lights with more illumination coverage.\nThe walkway lighting should give you a stunning view and set the right mood\nfor your outdoor space. It should be relaxing as you enjoy the surroundings,\nthe trees, flowers, and plants around.\n\n## Don’t Forget the Contours\n\nA garden path connects distinct areas in the garden. The paths in your garden\nshould be inviting and encourage an expedition. With the help of an expert\nlandscaper, you can create subtle, curvy paths with a fun and interesting\nlook. This helps enrich your landscaping design as the contours create\ncuriosity about what’s lying around the corner. Complement the meandering\npaths with an attractive trail of beautiful blossoming plants. You can use\npebble stones, bricks or gravel, or granite stepping stones on the walking\nsurface.\n\nWhether you are making a garden from scratch or modifying an old one,\nlandscaping can be quite puzzling, especially in a small backyard. Despite the\nspace limitations, you can transform your small garden space into a marvelous\nhaven of greenery. Along with the few tips above, all you need is a little\ncreativity and perhaps some professional help to create a lasting statement in\nyour small garden space.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# 4 Reasons Everyone Should Have a Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n2 months ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 11, 2021\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\n2020’s COVID-19 pandemic forced people to retreat into their homes under\ngovernment-imposed lockdown orders. While this was a major inconvenience, it\nalso provided a great opportunity for us to focus on home improvements.\nSpending more time in our homes provided the much-needed motivation for some\npeople to kick-start those projects they’d been putting off for years. For\nmany people, their outdoor spaces became a tranquil retreat. With limited\nopportunity to get outdoors, we began to appreciate our small outdoor spaces\nand gardens in a greater capacity.\n\nAs lockdown measures ease in some places, many of us will continue to invest\nin these outdoor spaces. Installing a greenhouse is one such project. While it\nmay seem like quite an intense job, there are lots of greenhouse kits\navailable, which means it’s highly likely that you’ll find something suitable\nfor your space. If a greenhouse is something you are pondering, these are some\nof the best greenhouse kits on the market currently.\n\n## You Can Grow Your Own Vegetables\n\nHaving a greenhouse enables you to have access to quality, fresh vegetables\nall year round. Being able to have your own herbs during the winter is very\nsatisfying. While hardier vegetables such as cabbage and brussel sprouts can\ngrow well under tough wintery conditions, this isn’t the case for more\ndelicate vegetables such as lettuce. The year-round growing conditions\nprovided by your greenhouse will allow you to grow more fresh produce than a\nregular vegetable patch would. Furthermore, by growing your own organic\nproduce, you can be secure in the knowledge that your veggies haven’t been\nsprayed with chemical pesticides making these considerably better quality than\nyou’d find at your local supermarket.\n\n## A Greenhouse Can Be Great for Your Mental Health\n\nFocusing your attention on gardening and being outdoors is known to be good\nfor your mental health. Taking some time out in natural settings can provide\nrelief from mental fatigue by slowing down the heart rate, reducing blood\npressure and generally making people feel less anxious. Building your own\nlittle indoor nature sanctuary by starting a greenhouse project and watching\nyour hard work reap the rewards will also offer you a huge sense of\nsatisfaction.\n\n## It’s Great for the Environment\n\nNot only is gardening known for being great in terms of a person’s mental\nhealth, but it also has a positive effect on the environment. Homegrown fruit\nand vegetables tend to be pesticide-free. Having access to fresh produce right\non your doorstep will save you a few drives to the supermarket. Furthermore,\navoiding the supermarket will mean you won’t need all those plastic or paper\nbags, which will limit unnecessary waste.\n\n## It Can Add Value to Your Property\n\nAdding a functional element like a greenhouse adds value to your property.\nLandscaping your garden serves to make the property more appealing to\npotential buyers and a greenhouse takes things to another level by providing\nthe perfect place to incubate new plants and more delicate seedlings. In turn,\nthis allows you to upgrade your landscape garden for a much lower cost than\npurchasing these.\n\nIt’s evident that there are plenty of good reasons to make the addition of a\ngreenhouse your next big investment when it comes to improving your outdoor\nspace. Not only can it be a thing of beauty, but a greenhouse is also very\nfunctional. While the decreasing size of gardens can make adding a traditional\ngreenhouse a bit of a challenge, greenhouse kits are now being made available\nin smaller sizes, too.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# 9 Benefits of a Backyard Pond\n\nPublished\n\n2 months ago\n\non\n\nDecember 23, 2020\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nA backyard pond might look great on a magazine cover. But they require a lot\nof time and effort to create. So, are they worth it? To help you make up your\nmind, let’s look at some of the benefits a pond can provide.\n\n## 1\\. Visually Stunning\n\nOne of the biggest reasons why you might want to purchase a pond is to create\na stunning feature in the backyard. There are plenty of ways that you’ll be\nable to create a beautiful pond. For example, you might want to add some\nwater-based plants. Things like lily pads and flowering plants can be a great\nchoice, adding some color to the pool. Another great option is to add some\nfish. You might also want to put in a rock boundary. In some cases, you might\nwant to put in a water feature. This can be something like a waterfall or\nfountain. The way you set-up your background pond can be as simple or\nelaborate as you like.\n\nAnother way to help your pond stand out is by adding lights. It’s best to get\nsome that are run on solar power, so you won’t need to pay high electricity\ncosts. There are many ways that you can use lights. For example, you might\nwant to put them underwater to show the movement of the fish in the water. In\nother cases, you might want to put a spotlight on water features.\n\n## 2\\. Environmental Benefits\n\nWhile a pond can be great for humans, it can also be good for the planet. A\npond can serve a few critical environmental features. First, you might be able\nto save money. Once a pond has been filled up, you’ll be able to rely on\nrainwater to top it up. This can be compared to the lawn or garden, which\nrequire consistent inputs of water to grow. A pond will also support the local\necosystem. For example, birds and frogs will often visit the pond. This can be\na great tool for teaching young children about biodiversity and the ecosystem.\n\n## 3\\. Relaxing\n\nIt’s important to look after your mental health. One of the best ways to do\nthis is by taking the time to de-stress. A pond can be a great place to do\nthis. You can sit back and watch the fishes swim. Or you can listen to the\ncalming cascade of a waterfall. In some cases, you’ll be able to enjoy\nwatching the birds playing in the water.\n\nIt’s easy to create a relaxing area around the pond. First, you’ll want to get\nsome bench seating. Pick an outdoor furniture unit, so it will be able to\nwithstand the wind and rain. Then, you’ll need to get some shade. This can be\nnatural, placing the bench under a tree. In other cases, you might need to use\nan umbrella. If you want to go the extra mile, put in a sound system, so you\ncan listen to your favorite music while watching the pond.\n\n## 4\\. Mask Background Noise\n\nNo-one wants to sit in their backyard and listen to the traffic drive past.\nHowever, in some locations, you won’t have a choice. Thankfully, there is a\nway to stop this problem. You’ll need to install a waterfall in your pond.\nThis will mask the noise coming from the street. It will also serve an\nimportant role, aerating the water so the fish will be able to use it. The\ngood news is that there are plenty of water features for you to choose from.\n\n## 5\\. Keep Cool\n\nAnother benefit of owning a pool is being able to stay cool during the warm\nsummer months. On hot days, water will heat up. This results in evaporation.\nThis process cools the surrounding air, similar to how the human body cools\nthrough sweating.\n\n## 6\\. Create a New Hobby\n\nMaintaining a backyard pond can be a lot of fun. For example, you’ll need to\ncare for the fish and plants. This can be a relaxing task, helping you connect\nwith nature. There’s also a sense of satisfaction that comes with watching the\nfish grow older, and the plants start to mature. In some cases, you might even\nbe able to breed the fish, establishing future generations.\n\n## 7\\. Break-up a Green Lawn\n\nSome people want to put in a lawn to break up their yard. Looking out on a\nflat, featureless green lawn can be boring. Why not put in a pond to add some\nvisual intrigue. As we mentioned, once installed, the pond will often be\neasier to maintain than a lawn.\n\n## 8\\. Improve Property Values\n\nWhen people are buying homes, one of the most important things they are\nlooking for is an emotional connection. This creates strong memories, making\nthem picture themselves living in your house. A pond can be a great way of\nforming an emotional connection. In this case, the buyer will imagine\nthemselves relaxing by the pond, listening to the waterfall. Because of this,\nyou’ll be able to get a higher price for the property. It’s also a good way of\nselling the home faster.\n\n## 9\\. Create A Gathering Place\n\nFinally, you’ll often find that a pond becomes a natural place of congregation\nfor friends and family. It can be a place to go to a party for a more private\nconversation. At other times, you might want to sit down and relax by the\nwater with your friends.\n\n## Conclusion\n\nAs we’ve seen, there are plenty of reasons why you might want to consider\nbuilding a backyard pond. The good news is that it doesn’t need to be\ndifficult. All you need is a few simple materials to get started, like pond\nliners. These will hold the water, stopping it from seeping into the soil.\nThey’ll also be tough enough to withstand damage, so your pond will last for a\nlong time. For more information and to find the right ones for you, check out\nthis pond liners compilation. So, start work on building your dream pond today\nto experience the joys that it can provide.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# How to Build a Garden House Without Breaking Your Bank?\n\nPublished\n\n3 months ago\n\non\n\nDecember 1, 2020\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThe year 2020 has brought many changes to our lives.\n\nFrom making masks, gloves, and sanitizers everyday essentials to changing the\nway we live, socialize and work.\n\nOut of the most changes that happened, changes to our work lives is the most\nimportant one.\n\nCompanies that enforced 8-5 office working earlier are now promoting work-\nfrom-home culture.\n\nA 9-month long work-from-home study conducted by Stanford reported that\nemployee performance rose by 13 percent in comparison to office working, thus\ngiving about an extra day worth of work output in a week.\n\nMoreover, quit-rates for employees dropped by 50 percent!\n\nHowever, everything isn’t sunshine when it comes to remote working.\n\nWorking from home can quickly get boring if there is no dedicated space or\nequipment.\n\nMost people prefer setting up office space at home.\n\nBut, why do you have to follow the typical route?\n\nWhy don’t you try to create a unique office space that makes you feel at ease\nand concentrate?\n\nIf you’re looking to build such a space in your home, then building a garden\nhouse is the best option.\n\nNowadays, people are really interested in searching for ways to build garden\nrooms on their property. A simple online search like\nhttps://gardenofficerooms.co.uk/ will give you plenty of options to guide you\nin building a garden room just outside your home.\n\n## What is a Garden Room?\n\nA garden room is a construction that is usually built using wood and is\ndouble-glazed and completely insulated.\n\nYou can attach a garden room as an extension to your house. However, most\npeople prefer to build it as a standalone construction.\n\nThe best part is that you can tailor-create a garden room to fit as an office,\nstudio, home gym, etc.\n\n## Why Are Garden Rooms Becoming Popular?\n\nSo, what makes garden rooms a better alternative to the typical home office\nspace?\n\nBelow are some of the main reasons.\n\n * No Special Permission Requirements: Special planning permissions are required when considering loft conversions or extensions to your house. In the case of building a garden room, permission from authorities is seldom required.\n\nHowever, there are several restrictions to build a garden room without\npermission. For instance, the maximum height cannot exceed 2.5m, the garden\nroom should not be located on the main front wall, etc.\n\n * Cheaper to Build: As there are no permissions or paperwork requirements in most cases, you can build a garden room on a quite cheap budget, in comparison to home extensions.\n\nThere are no much groundwork requirements, which further decreases the funding\nyou need to create a garden room.\n\n * Multi-Functional Space: A garden room need not just be your office space. As mentioned above, the garden room can be your home gym, hangout place, or just a place where you can relax and feel at ease without going elsewhere.\n\n## How to Build a Cost-Effective Garden Room?\n\nIn these times of uncertainty, spending money on unessential home construction\nis the last thing you want.\n\nHowever, there are ways by which you can save up quite a lot of money while\nbuilding a garden room.\n\nBelow are some of the ways to build a cost-effective garden room in 2020.\n\n * Install Ready-Made Garden Rooms: There are several ready-made garden rooms that you can purchase and install within your home space without any construction required.\n\nIf you choose to complete the installation yourself, then you can additionally\nsave on costs which otherwise would be spent on hiring professionals.\n\n * Hire a Professional Company: There are companies that provide designs to build a garden room.\n\nAs these professional companies deal with lots of clients, they can easily\nprovide you with a garden room design that matches your property and home.\n\n * Follow Guidelines: As discussed above, most garden rooms require no special permissions. No permission requirement means cheaper costs.\n\nSo, make sure to follow all the local guidelines in place while setting up /\nbuilding a garden room to ensure that you do not have to spend any money on\nobtaining permissions.\n\n## Final Words\n\nWe hope you found this article on building a cost-effective garden room\nhelpful and informative.\n\nIn case you have already built a garden room, do leave your suggestions and\nexperiences as comments below to help others out.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Unique Gadgets Every Gardener Should Have\n\nPublished\n\n4 months ago\n\non\n\nNovember 18, 2020\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nEvery experienced gardener knows that they must have the necessary gadgets to\nhelp them in their hobby. If you have a parent who loves gardening, you may\nrealize that they may have everything they need when it comes to pots,\nfungicide, and other needs for their plants. Still, there are likely to be\nsome gadgets that are missing from their arsenal. Here are a few that you\nshould consider:\n\n## Thermal Weeder\n\nWeeds are a gardener’s worst enemy. A considerable part of maintaining their\ngarden is often spent on weeding. Those who want to make sure that they can\nspend their time potting and repotting their plants should make sure they have\na thermal weeder. This gadget helps to blast away weeds with a temperature\nthat can reach up to 600 degrees Celsius. Even deep-rooted weeds are easily\nkilled within minutes. Since it utilizes temperature, there’s no need to use\ndangerous chemicals that can harm their plants.\n\n## Rolling Composter\n\nSerious gardeners know how important it is to have their own compost pile at\nhome. These compost piles can grow into compost heaps that will usually take\nseveral months of turning. Not only is this time-consuming, but it is also\nback-breaking. Having a rolling composter can get this job done within weeks.\nAll you have to do is to place all your waste ingredients into the composter\nand roll it, cutting down on any back-breaking hours spent on your compost\nmounds.\n\n## Digital Soil Tester\n\nGardeners need to check the quality of their soil before planting anything\nalways. Often, these gardeners will use an old-fashioned kit. Since soil\nquality will usually change, it can be a time-consuming activity. With a\ndigital soil tester, it will be easier to check for soil quality with a simple\ntouch of the button. The great thing about this tester is that it can also\nhelp them test their garden whenever they like.\n\n## Tool Sharpener\n\nMost gardeners will have tools for pruning, hoeing, cutting, grafting, and\neven trimming, but most of them will never think about buying a sharpener, a\nspecial piece of gear that can help them sharpen a multitude of their tools.\nSo if you have the same issue, you should consider having a multi-tool\nsharpener.\n\n## Mobile Potting Bench\n\nA gardener will spend a lot of time potting and repotting their plants. When\nplants need to propagate, gardeners will need to put their little plant babies\ninto their own little pots. To make the process as organized as possible, it\nneeds to be done on an organized work station. For many gardeners, their\npotting areas often end up cluttered. One way to prevent this is to have a\nmobile potting bench that you can easily take around your garden.\n\n## Herb Aero Garden\n\nIf you are a gardener, you probably spend most of your time outdoors, perhaps\neven in extreme weather. If you want to be able to continue gardening while\nindoors, you should buy yourself an herb aero garden. It is a great\nalternative if your indoors do not have the appropriate lighting to\naccommodate most of your plants.\n\nWhen you think of a gift for your parents, you always have to think about\ntheir hobbies. If they are avid gardeners and love to play with soil and plant\nmany different species, gifting them with these gardening gadgets will surely\nbe a hit.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### DIY Projects\n\n# The Best Way to Stain Your Teak Furniture\n\nPublished\n\n4 months ago\n\non\n\nNovember 16, 2020\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf you’re unfamiliar with teak, it’s a large tree that’s grown in tropical\nforests. Its superior ability to resist elements in comparison to other woods\nis why it’s often used to make outdoor furniture. While it’s very resistant,\nit still has to be treated. If not treated, it can fade to a greyish color.\nStaining helps to prevent the fading from happening. It’s a simple process\nthat just requires the right tools and techniques. Here’s how to properly\nstain your teak furniture.\n\n### 1\\. Sanding\n\nBefore you stain your teak furniture, you have to sand and smooth out the wood\nfirst. Take a dry paper towel and brush off any dirt, dust, or debris. If some\nspots are a little harder to remove, use a wet rag to rub the area clean. Any\ngrease, dust, or dirt left on the surface of your wood will cause the stain to\nnot properly adhere. Avoid any use of cleaning products. It will make staining\nmore difficult and also potentially damage your wood.\n\nMove your hand over the furniture to locate rough spots in the wood. If there\nare areas that have to be sanded down to match the rest of the surface, use\n120 grit sandpaper to do it. As you’re sanding, frequently check to see if the\nspot has become even with the rest of the wood. When you’re doing that, you’ll\nneed to ensure the surface is even and ready to absorb the wood stain. Use 220\ngrit sandpaper to sand the entire surface until it feels smooth and even.\n\nIt will open up the pores of the wood, allowing for the stain to more\nefficiently adhere to the surface. Be sure you’re sanding along the grain, so\nyou don’t risk scratching up the wood. Afterward, wipe off any wood dust with\na dry rag.\n\n### 2\\. Smoothing\n\nTake a foam brush to paint a layer of sanding sealer on the wood. It will make\nthe surface smoother and help give your wood stain a better grip. Dilute your\nsealer with mineral spirits if you want to achieve a lighter color. After the\nsealer has started drying, grab a clean cloth, and wipe off any remaining\nsealer that’s pooled atop the wood. Doing this will reduce the possibility of\nspots or blotches forming on the wood and keep your surface smooth. The sealer\nneeds to be dried completely. It will likely only take a few hours for this to\nhappen. When completely dry, sand the surface a few more times with 220 grit\nsandpaper. It will ensure any spots where your sealer didn’t dry evenly are\nsmoothed out. After sanding, wipe off any remaining residue with a rag.\n\n### 3\\. Staining\n\nSeveral tools are useful for painting on the stain. You can use a bristle, a\nfoam, or even a cloth dipped in stain. You’ll want to apply an even coat all\nover the wood. If there are parts of the furniture you want to avoid staining,\nyou can use masking tape to protect those areas. Wood stain can come in a\nwater-based formula or an oil-based formula. While water-based formulas tend\nto be more common, oil-based will potentially last longer.\n\nAfter staining, wipe off any excess amounts not absorbed by the wood with a\nclean, dry rag. Make sure it’s a rag you don’t mind getting dirty, as the\nstain can be tough to get washed out. Keep in mind that the longer you leave\nthe stain on before wiping, the darker it will be. The amount of time that it\nwill take for your stain to dry completely depends on the thickness of the\nlayer you used. You don’t want to touch the stain too much if it’s still wet.\nOtherwise, you could end up with a blotchy, uneven coat.\n\nWhen the first coat of stain is dry, observe the wood’s color and determine if\nyou’re satisfied with it. If you decide that you want the furniture to be\ndarker, add a second coat of wood stain on top of the previous layer. Repeat\nthe same process as before. After repeating the process, you can use a clean\nbrush to paint the finish if you’ve got the desired color. Once the finish is\napplied, give it time to try. Be mindful that there are three main types of\nfinish.\n\nOil finishes look the closest like wood. Unfortunately, this finish isn’t the\nbest for protecting wood and shouldn’t be used on outdoor furniture. Lacquer\nfinishes can give an attractive look while also providing durability to the\nwood. Be mindful that this finish will require multiple coats. Polyurethane\nfinishes tend to be the best in protecting wood, as it’s effective in even\nrepelling water.\n\n### What brand and color match teak wood?\n\nYou can mix and match colors like cream and tan. With accent colors, pay\nattention to the undertones that are on the stain your teak has. Teak often\nhas an orange undertone. If your goal is to bring out this color, go with the\nopposite color on a color wheel chart. The opposite one, in this case, would\nbe blue.\n\n### Final Tips\n\nIf there are some gouges or rough areas in the furniture, try using a wood\nfiller before you stain it. If you want some idea of what color you’ll get\nfrom staining your teak furniture, use these steps on a plank of teak first.\nThen, you’ll be able to know if you’re using the right stain or finish to get\nthe kind of color you want to achieve. It will also be good practice for doing\nthese steps correctly. It’s important to remember that wood stain can cause\nyour skin to be irritated. It’s best to wear rubber gloves whenever you’re\nstaining teak.\n\nTeak furniture can be one of the most useful styles to consider selecting for\nyour outdoor furniture. Properly maintaining it through staining is necessary\nto prevent fading. Following all of these tips will help you keep your outdoor\nfurniture looking nice for a long time. Here’s where you can learn more about\nGarden Furniture Teak.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# 5 Amazing Benefits of Hiring a Lawn Service\n\nPublished\n\n6 months ago\n\non\n\nSeptember 16, 2020\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nEveryone wants to have a lawn that is the envy of the neighborhood. The\nproblem is that many people simply don’t have the time or the ability to keep\ntheir grass looking great all year long. With schedules getting busier every\nyear, not everyone wants to spend their weekends mowing and fertilizing their\nlawns.\n\nHaving a great lawn takes more than just sticking to a regular mowing\nschedule. Every lawn is different and needs special attention to keep it\nlooking its best. Proper watering, aerating, and feeding are essential to\nkeeping your lawn healthy. Most people don’t have the knowledge or experience\nto know how to handle lawn problems when they come up.\n\nHiring a lawn service like lawn.com.au mowing may seem unnecessary, but the\nbenefits can be worth the money and the convenience. Let’s take a look at some\nof the amazing benefits of hiring a lawn service.\n\n## Expertise\n\nMost homeowners are genuinely lost when it comes to keeping their lawn healthy\nand looking great. Factors like how often their lawn needs watering and proper\nfertilization are a mystery to most people. If you don’t have the proper\nknowledge or experience, you could do more damage than good by attempting to\ndo it yourself.\n\nWhen you hire a lawn service, you will have the advantage of working with\nprofessionals. Lawn care experts know what needs to be done to avoid damage.\n\n## Labor Free\n\nCutting the lawn is a manual labor chore that can be too much for a lot of\nhomeowners. Many people end up with aches, pains or even injuries from cutting\nand maintaining the lawn.\n\nSeniors are especially at risk for heat exhaustion or falling when left to\nmanage their lawn. Anyone that struggles with mobility or health issues can\nbenefit from bringing in a lawn service to take care of the labor.\n\n## Save Money\n\nYou may wonder how dishing out cash to bring in a lawn service can save you\nmoney, but it’s true. When you add up the costs of mowing equipment, lawn\nfertilizers, seed, edgers, and your time every week, it becomes clear that you\ncan save money by bringing in a lawn service. These professionals show up with\nall of their own equipment, chemicals and staff to take care of your lawn at\nno extra expense.\n\n## Consistency\n\nEven with the most careful maintenance, it’s inevitable for your lawn to have\nproblem spots. The amount of time that needs to be invested in these areas can\nleave your grass looking less than perfect.\n\nProfessionals can spot small issues before they become unsightly problems.\nWith a regular cutting and fertilizing schedule, you can count on your lawn\nlooking great from week to week.\n\n## Curb Appeal\n\nYou can have the most unique and stylish home on the block, but without a\nwell-maintained lawn, your property will struggle with curb appeal. A neat and\nlush lawn equals an attractive home. Impress your neighbors and bring up the\nvalue of your home with a great yard all year long.\n\nHiring a lawn service has more benefits than just relieving you of grass\ncutting duties on your precious weekends. If you want the best looking lawn in\nthe neighborhood, give your property a neat and attractive appearance and\nconsider a lawn service for your home today.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# The Importance of a Rain Gutter in Your Garden: Be a Smart Homeowner\n\nPublished\n\n1 year ago\n\non\n\nSeptember 13, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nImage Courtesy of : https://www.flickr.com/photos/132399483@N05/28248230051\n\nIf you’re a fan of gardening, then occasional rainfall is always a pleasure to\nsee. It saves you from having to water your garden the manual way, right? But\neverything in excess is never an ideal situation—and that includes rainfall.\n\n#### Too much rain can do more harm than good to your plants and flowers.\nExcess rain water is likely to cause soil erosion. This is generally an\nundesirable situation whereby excess water is running over soil.\n\nWe’ll discuss in detail to help you make the best decision for your garden\nthis season.\n\nWhat Are the Drawbacks of Soil Erosion?\n\nSoil erosion will unfortunately strip soil of its most valuable nutrients,\nleaving it infertile. Your hopes of a beautiful garden with healthy flowers\ncan become nearly impossible. Your only alternative in this regard will be to\nconduct expensive soil treatments to restore the fertility. We’ll quickly add\nthat it’s no cheap exercise.\n\nAside from removing important soil nutrients, garden erosion will simply cause\na muddy mess in your backyard.\n\n## The Solution\n\nBy installing a rain gutter system, you instantly avoid costly soil treatments\nand a messy garden. But we can’t emphasize enough the importance of engaging\nthe services of a professional in rain gutter installation such as the\ncityseamless.com team. This way the job is done properly the first time so\nyou’ll get your system to perform effectively.\n\n## Cleaning is Vital\n\nInstalling a rain gutter system on your property is only the first step. You\nneed to carry out regular maintenance of the system to ensure that it’s\nfunctioning optimally and prevent the problems we mentioned.\n\nPart of regular maintenance includes cleaning the rain gutter. It’s not\nuncommon for foreign objects—especially leaves—to get stuck in the rain\ngutter. This obstructs the proper flow of water, rendering the system\nineffective.\n\nIf you have the tools and DIY skills, you can do this job yourself. It will\nalso save you some money. Just be sure to do the following:\n\n * Use a leaf blower or hose for the task. Make sure you wear a face mask to prevent debris from getting into your eyes while blowing.\n * You’ll need heavy duty gloves to protect your hands.\n * You need to buy a gutter cleaning kit which you’ll attach to your hose.\n * Not all water can be removed by the blower. Keep a garden tool nearby to scoop out water by hand.\n * Make sure you start blowing near the drainage outlet—at the low end of the gutter—for effective results.\n * Use a bucket to gather all the leaves before disposing of them on your compost heap.\n\nWrapping Up\n\nInstalling a rain gutter system on your property should never be viewed as an\nunnecessary expense but rather an investment in your home. Your garden needs\nit and your resale value will soar. Everybody wins!\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# How Temperature Control Helps Your Greenhouse Plants\n\nPublished\n\n1 year ago\n\non\n\nSeptember 12, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nPhoto by www.zanda. photography on Unsplash\n\nIf you’re an enthusiastic gardener, it’s amazing how you lose track of time\nwhile tending to your garden, right? It’s such a satisfying feeling seeing\nyour plants blossom and grow. But did you know you can do even more for your\nplants when controlling the temperatures in your greenhouse?\n\nIdentify Your Specific Greenhouse Needs\n\nNot all greenhouses are identical. Each greenhouse has a unique design and\nstructure. If you’re a greenhouse manager, your first task is to ascertain the\ncooling and heating systems required for your specific greenhouse. If you’re\nsimply an enthusiast that turned your backyard shack into a greenhouse, the\nsame applies.\n\nTesting different cooling solutions is essential for your specific greenhouse\nto ensure you achieve the ideal temperature for optimal growth. Look at it as\na trial and error exercise.\n\n## Do It On A Budget\n\nYou don’t have to go to the extreme with expensive chillers and heating\nsystems to get your greenhouse functioning efficiently. Keep it simple with\nlow-cost cooling methods such as shade cloths and circulating fans.\n\n## Using Shade Cloths\n\nSomething as simple and inexpensive as a shade cloth or curtain can lower the\ntemperature inside the greenhouse significantly. Use a smart cooling method\nfor effective temperature control. The only drawback of using shade cloths is\nyou’ll have to consider light will be blocked out. Some plants in the\ngreenhouse need light, so be careful of how much of this method you implement.\n\n## Ventilation Is Key\n\nAccuserv air conditioning and repair services know all too well the benefits\nof ventilation; the same is true for greenhouse managers and owners. They know\nthere are several ways to ventilate a greenhouse. You can either use an open\nroof or sidewalls that open up to allow air to flow to lower temperatures in\nyour greenhouse.\n\nIf you decide to use the open roof or sidewall method, to maximize the cooling\neffect, make a note of the direction of the wind.\n\n## Keep The Air Flowing\n\nIf you pride yourself on being a respectable greenhouse manager, then you\nshould know circulating fans are useful tools used to control temperatures.\nThese fans allow the air to flow optimally inside the greenhouse.\n\nThe circulating fans work well to keep temperatures consistent. They push out\nwarm air and hold cold air down to make sure the area doesn’t overheat.\n\n## Conclusion\n\nContinue to enjoy your time in your greenhouse when using these easy tips for\ncontrolling temperatures more effectively. The methods listed are cost-\neffective and straightforward so that you can implement them immediately. Let\nyour fingers do the pruning and enjoy better-controlled temperatures for your\ngreen buds.\n\nWe want to hear if you have any other tips to share on controlling\ntemperatures in a greenhouse. Leave a comment below and help others in your\nposition.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# The Danger Of Leaving Rotten Trees In Your Yard\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 23, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nHaving trees in your yard can provide a lot of benefits. For one, trees can\nimprove the aesthetic value and curb appeal of your property. Trees can also\nutilize your outdoor space and provide better air quality.\n\nHowever, when you’re leaving rotten trees in your yard, that’s another story.\nRotten trees can be dangerous for you, your family, your property and everyone\nwho’s living around you.\n\nProfessional tree trimming services, such as Bellarine Tree Services, ensures\nthat the trees on your property are healthy and well-maintained.\n\nIf you don’t hire them and opt to leave rotten trees in your yard, you might\nexperience the following dangers:\n\n1\\. The Entire Household And Your Neighbors Can Be Susceptible To Injuries.\n\nYou saved a lot of money in order to afford a property for your family. You\nmight even have taken out several loans just to buy a home. All of the things\nyou’ve invested in your property will be useless if your family isn’t safe in\nit.\n\nWhen you leave rotten trees in your yard, you’re increasing the chances of\ninflicting injuries to all of your family members.\n\nHere’s how:\n\n * Trees are like human beings. They need certain nutrients and moisture in order to be strong and healthy. When trees are already rotten, it means that they’re already brittle and can easily fall.\n\n * When your area is prone to harsh weather conditions, strong winds can cause the branches and limbs to fall, which can result in bruises, cuts, and injuries to your family.\n\n2\\. It Can Cause Damage To Property And Utility Lines.\n\nYour house will be useless if you don’t have electricity. How else can you use\nyour appliances if you don’t have any power? How can you make your home cool\nwhen your HVAC system isn’t functioning?\n\nWithout a doubt, electricity plays a vital role in your own and your family’s\ncomfort at home. However, when you’re leaving rotten trees in your yard, your\nelectricity supply might be compromised.\n\nTo paint a clearer picture, consider the points below:\n\n * As mentioned, rotten trees are already weak. When they fall, nearby power and utility lines can be affected, as well. In some cases, these can even fall altogether with the branches and limbs.\n\n * Sure, having no electricity at home can be inconvenient; no one wants to fan themselves just to sleep well at night, right? Have you considered the effects of the situation to people who are dependent on electrical devices? How long do you think the seniors can survive without power?\n\nKnowledge Is Power\n\nThere are a lot of tree trimming services operating across the globe. For you\nto find one that suits your needs and budget, take the time to scout for\noptions. Ask for recommendations from your friends, and do your own research\nonline. The more informed you are about a particular tree trimming service,\nthe easier it’ll be for you to choose.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# Adding A Rustic Finish To Your Outdoor Furniture\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 2, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThe rustic look has become extremely popular for interior and exterior home\nstyles. Whether your entire look is completed using a historical flair or you\nhave one or two central pieces that you want to show off, you can now apply a\nsafe weather resistant finish to your outdoor furniture.\n\nThe techniques that are used by many DIY decorators involve stripping and\ndistressing the wood using oxalic acid wood bleach, but sometimes they don’t\nhold up to the elements. This has limited many people to keep their rustic\npieces indoors only. But, not anymore.\n\nNow, with the introduction of a protective additive, you can finish your\nbenches, tables and other garden accents with ease. You won’t have to worry\nabout damage from rain, UV rays or wind when you protect your rustic finished\nitems properly.\n\nLet’s take a look at this great new feature in creative paints and get you\nstarted.\n\nOutdoor Additive\n\nWhen you have worked so hard on a piece to create that perfect rustic worn\nlook, the last thing that you want to do is have it ruined by the weather. If\nyou love to use natural mediums like milk paint to decorate and style your\npieces, you can now protect them all in one step. The outdoor additive is\nadded directly to your mixed paint and not put on after. It is not meant to be\nused as a top coat to an already painted item.\n\nSimply mix your paint with the additive solution and apply like you would\nnormally. The additive has a borax base that helps protect your wood items\nfrom the elements and prevents your paint from prematurely aging and ruining\nthe rustic effect. There is no lacquer needed when you use your milk paint\nwith an additive included.\n\nBenefits\n\nWhen you are looking to complete an antique piece with a period appropriate\nfinish, you can’t go wrong by choosing a non-toxic product like milk paint.\nThat being said, milk paint is not known to be durable when exposed to the\nelements. By adding this adapted borax compound you can now protect your wood\nand your finish from outdoor deterioration.\n\nAlthough the outdoor additive has a borax compound complex, it still remains\none of the most environmentally friendly finish options.\n\nThe outdoor additive acts as a powerful stain blocker. When you are using soft\nor sappy woods like cedar or pine, the outdoor additive will help to block\ntannins from bleeding through your rustic finish.\n\nThe borax based additive works as an excellent antibacterial agent and mold\ninhibitor. With unprotected items you may soon start to see spore buildup in\nareas that have absorbed too much moisture from being outdoors.\n\nThe outdoor additive will turn your pieces into flame retardant items.\nAlthough, being constructed of older wood in many cases, any item that is\ntreated with milk paint with an outdoor additive will be resistant to heat and\nflame.\n\nWhen you put your wood furniture outdoors the paint can quickly start to fade\nor peel from sun exposure. With the outdoor additive used with milk paint, you\nwill get superior UV protection, keeping all of your outdoor projects looking\ngreat for many years.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# A Complete Guide to Garden Design\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJune 17, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nSpring graces us every year with blue skies, long days, green trees and\nflowers blooming everywhere. With these positive changes, many of us feel\ndrawn to nature and awaits warm nights that will be perfect for a bonfire or a\ngrill in the wild. It’s also the perfect time to bring your dreamy garden to\nlife as well. Are you going to add up the trees to the design or are you more\nof a flowers type of person? Will you focus on many species or you’d rather\nhave the harmony and uniformity? Read our guide to see what can you do to make\nthe design outstanding and enchanting. You don’t have to be a professional to\nmake the dream come true. Are you ready?\n\nA well-kept base\n\nWhen you see the painting, you don’t only look at the focus area but at the\nbackground as well. The same rule applies to your garden. The most magnificent\nflowers and trees, the gorgeous design will look poorly if the loan won’t be\nkept in its best shape. A lawn that’s well taken care of is the garden’s\nexceptional decoration. A green, carpet-like base is the perfect base for any\nvegetation. But why the lawn doesn’t always look so perfect?\n\nIt all depends on how you take care of it. When seeding the lawn in the\nspring, you should make sure that you do it evenly at every part of the\ngarden. If you have a large parcel, instead of spreading seeds manually,\ninvest better in a spreader that will do it for you. With this device, you\nwill also spread a fertilizer that will help your young grass to root and\ngrow. It’s not necessary, but it sure will make your life easier. If you need\nhelp or can’t justify buying a professional spreader, contact those regularly\nrecommended landscape gardeners from Edinburgh.\n\nIn the beginning, you have to water your lawn even twice a week. Later, when\nthe grass start rooting, you can cool down the watering to 2 times a week. The\nbest time for this is in the morning. Avoid using water in the warmest time of\nthe day, as it damages the grass. Evening watering is not the best idea\nbecause of long-lasting moisture — this can lead to fungal diseases.\n\nKeep the harmony\n\nFull of colours, shapes and scents but easy to maintain. It does sound like a\ndream! If you’re new to the gardening, you should know that maintaining the\ngrass is easier and faster than taking care of the flowers. Maybe you’re able\nto focus on your garden and spend the time necessary to keep it at order at\nall times, you can get loads of flowers and little trees. If you can’t do\nthat, make the flower space smaller.\n\nWhen planning a garden, leave places where you can plant flowers. Pay\nattention to whether these are shaded or sunlit areas — it depends on what\nspecies of plants you can plant there, to bloom nicely. Separate the flowers\nfrom the lawn with a special ribbon, barriers or rocks.\n\nFind the right area for your flowers\n\nIt’s no secret that some flowers like to be in the sun all the time, while\nsome fancy shadowy corners. Before you plant them, teach yourself on the\npreferred placement in the garden. Most of the flowers like the sunny areas,\nso if it’s your first time in your own garden, choose those that are easy to\nplant. If you have a lot of shadows caused by the high-rise fence or old\ntrees, go for azalea that is evergreen or David’s harp, that grows fast and\ndoesn’t really need any additional time. Choose the flower placement wisely to\nget the most blooming effect possible. If you follow the direction, the flora\nwill pay you back with an enchanting look.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# Designing a Brand-New Garden – Five Tips That Will Help Ensure Your Design\nis a Success\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJune 13, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWhen improving the exterior of your home, gardens, and landscaping are an\nexcellent way to add color, personality, character, and uniqueness to a home.\nBut for many people, a garden is about more than just the aesthetics, it’s\nalso a hobby that they are passionate about and take pride in cultivating. The\n“perfect” garden isn’t typically one that is thrown together without thought\nor planning, rather there is a real design behind it. That design needs to\ntake into consideration a number of factors in order for it to thrive and be\nas lovely as you have envisioned.\n\nTo help ensure that your new garden is a success, here are five tips you can\nuse during the design process.\n\n## Give the Garden Space\n\nWhen you first plant your flowers and shrubs, it’s hard to imagine just how\nbig they will get, but this is essential to factor in your design. You always\nwant to allow enough room for growth over the coming years, so that means\nkeeping your garden or the plantings back from patio edges, fences, walkways,\nand more. If you don’t give everything enough space to truly thrive, the\ngarden will end up looking crowded and growth can be stunted.\n\n## Don’t Over-Plant\n\nThis goes hand-in-hand with the abovementioned tip. Be careful not to over-\nplant and over-fill your brand-new space. Sure, the garden is going to look a\nlittle sparse for that first year or two, but with patience and proper garden\nmaintenance, it will flourish and fill in.\n\n## Understand Your Soil and Light Conditions\n\nWhen it comes to choosing what to plant, picking items you think look “pretty”\njust won’t cut it. You need to be well aware of your soil and light\nconditions.\n\n## Choose a Mix of Perennials and Annuals\n\nAnother tip is to mix up what you’re planting and pick a variety of perennials\nand annuals. Perennials will come back each year, typically getting bigger and\nfuller each year that passes.\n\nAnnuals are a great way to add that bright pop of color to your garden each\nyear. You can change up the flowers you pick, the height, the fullness, the\nplacement, and even the color scheme.\n\nAs for choosing flower colors for your annuals, KG Landscape suggests using\nthe color wheel for inspiration and using color schemes. Some of the most\ncommon color schemes are white on white, warm colors, bright colors, cool\ncolors, and pastels. Monochromatic color schemes can also be quite striking.\n\n## Prepare the Soil\n\nNow before you go ahead and pop all your plants and flowers in the ground, you\nalso want to prepare the soil. A proper air supply is essential so they may\nrequire fresh soil, compost, and even mulch.\n\nAll of these tips will help you to design the ultimate garden for your home.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# How Hemp is Farmed and Turned into CBD Biomass\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJune 13, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf there was ever a perfect time to grow hemp in America, it is now. For the\nfirst time in over 80 years, farmers can play the hemp game without looking\nover their shoulders, thanks to the passage of the Farm Bill in 2018.\n\nThe legislation allows farmers to legally grow the cash crop for both personal\nand commercial use. Now, hemp wholesale companies, retailers, farmers, and\nmany other entities would love to know more about growing hemp for various\nuses.\n\nIn this guide, we explore farming and commercial of CBD-hemp in detail. We\nwill give you a rundown on the growing process right from the basics of\ngrowing the hemp cone until it is converted into CBD biomass.\n\nUnderstanding Hemp Varieties\n\nFirstly you need to understand that there are three categories of it: fiber,\ngrain, and high-CBD varieties. Here’s a succinct explanation of each variety:\n\n * Fiber: This type of hemp produces long fibers and biomass and is primarily used in textiles, building materials, paper, composites, fuel, and more.\n * Grain: Thanks to their high fatty acid, protein, and fiber content, grain hemp is utilized for food and nutritional needs. Essentially, these varieties produce low cannabinoid content than their counterparts.\n * Cannabinoid (CBD) hemp: These are the most sought-after strains of hemp since they find use in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. They are grown as female species for better yields and zero seed production. This is where the money is.\n\nGrowing a CBD hemp farm\n\nBefore growing cannabinoid hemp, it is always a good idea to find out what the\nlaw says about it. Once you understand the legalities and obtain the necessary\napprovals, the steps followed in growing the crop include the following:\n\n * Choice of Equipment: The first thing is to select the farming equipment to use for planting, harvesting, and extraction the CBD.\n * Planting and Weeding: Typically, the planting season begins the end of May till the first week of June. Hemp clones, provided by in-state processors, are transplanted into 40” rows on the ground. After planting, the hemp needs to have sufficient moisture to fix the roots. Weeding is done using hoes or row cultivation. No herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides are allowed.\n * Harvesting: CBD hemp grows rapidly within the first 60 days. When it reaches maturity, the field will have to be inspected for male plants as these can cause pollination and a drop in the CBD concentration. After between 100 and 120 days, the female-only crop would be heavy with cannabinoid content both on its flowers and biomass, yet less than 0.3% THC. Once harvesting is done, the crop is dragged down to any available drying point—a rack, shed, tobacco barn, fan, dehumidifiers, mechanical dryers, and even straight to extraction.\n\nCBD hemp farming is quite intensive but if done right, it can be a goldmine.\nThe success of the process lies in understanding all the laws associated with\nhemp and choosing the right equipment. The rest is mostly trial and error\nalongside wit and instinct.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Easy-to-Grow Vegetables for Garden Neophytes\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJune 5, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAs the cost of living and groceries continues to increase, many people are\nstarting to think about growing their own vegetables at home. To do it right\nso you get a good yield of edible vegetables, you have to consider many things\n— the complexities of soil type, the amount of sunshine per day, what seeds or\nstrains to use, and more. As a beginner, you will have a lot to learn a lot\nabout gardening to make it worth your time.\n\nIf you want to get started you don’t have to worry about it being a chore.\nHere are some of the best vegetables to try growing as a beginner.\n\nCucumbers\n\nCucumbers are excellent for beginners for a few reasons. First, you can use\nthem in a variety of ways in your cooking — make pickles, add them to salads,\nto drinks, make cucumber loaf, and so on. Second, there are two varieties of\ncucumbers — vining and bush cucumbers — that are different enough that you can\nlearn about how to alter your technique. Vining cucumbers crawl up a trellis,\nfence or on soil where they flaunt their lush, green leaves. On the other\nhand, bush cucumbers yield in small gardens and containers you can put them\ninside your custom barn homes.\n\nCucumbers can be seeded indoors or transplanted in the ground but should be\ndone not earlier than two weeks after the last frost. Because these veggies\nadore sunshine, grow them where they can be soaked in the heat and the light\nof solar power and not under the shade of trees. Make sure the soil is\nfertile, moist, neutral or highly alkaline, well-drained and not soggy.\n\nOnions and Garlic\n\nBoth onions and garlic spices are probably the easiest to take care of since\nthey are better able to fight off diseases and can grow in certain climate\nconditions. Also, both are planted and grown in almost the same way and\nrequire almost the same types or level of soil, watering and sunlight. If you\nwant to maximize the yield and want to get bigger bulbs or cloves, you can\nfertilize the soil with nitrogen every few weeks.\n\nOthers\n\nFresh lettuce of multiple varieties, like romaine or iceberg, can be harvested\nin large amounts when you plant them in mild temperature with frequent\nwatering. However, they tend not to fare so well during the warmer parts of\nthe summer. Potatoes can survive in containers so you can have them indoors if\nthe garden is full. Just keep the soil moist by watering daily.\n\nHaving your own garden does not just make you self-reliant. Also, it brings\nyou fun even when you’re doing it while the sun strikes very hot or the cold\ntemperature creeps in to your bones. For a start, you do not need to put\npressure on yourself to get everything done impeccably. You just need to take\nit easy first, learn the ropes of gardening until you master it.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Grow Lights\n\n# 8 Important Things To Check When Buying LED Grow Lights\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 31, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThere was a time when we had to rely only on sunlight before our crops can\ngrow. But with more studies and research, it has been discovered that, LED\ngrow lights can help the plants grow naturally. Today, many farmers and\nagricultural professionals have come to embrace this latest trend.\n\nAnd there is a reason for it though; LED lights offer you the following:\n\n * Durability\n * Energy efficiency\n * Stimulated growth\n * Compactness\n * Adjustable wavelength\n\nThere are many LED grow lights that are on sale and not every one of them\nreally works. You can easily get distracted by different models and end up\nchoosing the wrong LED lights. Here are 8 things to look out for in LED Grow\nLights\n\n 1. Electricity capacity and consumption\n\nIf you have to run your LED grow light for up to 10 to 11 hours every day,\nmake sure you choose a LED light within 300W to 500W with high output so that\nyou get good result without having your electricity bill shooting up.\n\n 1. Durable materials and built\n\nGood quality LED grow light can last up to 10 years. Preferably, US products\nhave more durable grow lights than many other products.\n\n 1. Low heat production\n\nToo much heat can damage your plant and give the adverse effect. You want to\nprotect your plant even as they are encouraged to grow. Therefore, choose a\nLED grow light with balanced heat output that uses less energy.\n\n 1. Full spectrum\n\nSome plants do better with the blue and red spectrum light present. Full\nspectrum also includes ultraviolet and infrared lights too. With these\npresent, your plant will have what it requires to really grow.\n\n 1. Take your plant into consideration\n\nThere are different lights for different plants. You must make sure that the\nLED grow light you are going for is suitable for the plant you intend growing.\nFlowers need lesser grow lights than tomatoes. You also need to find out if\nthe light will serve you for the first cycle or the total growing cycle.\n\n 1. Flexibility and ease of use\n\nA good quality LED grow light is easy to use and yet, very efficient. You\nwon’t need to spend the whole day trying to figure out how to best position\nit. Look for the one that its light intensity and wavelength can be adjusted.\n\n 1. Warranty\n\nLED grow lights are very durable when you get the good one. So, if yours if\noffering anything less than 10 years warranty, it could be an indication that\nthe manufacturer is not sure of the quality of his product.\n\n 1. Good semiconductor chip\n\nSemiconductor chip in LED grow lights is what helps them convert electrical\npower to grow light and also determines the right wavelength. If the light’s\nchip is at least up to 3 watts, you can be sure that it will give your plants\nenough illumination.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# The 6 Most Common Greenhouse Crops\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 28, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAre you living in or moving to Liberty Hill? While the area is great for\nluxury activities such as camping and hiking thanks to its natural beauty, you\ncan also utilize the vast landscape and ideal climate with greenhouse farming.\n\nWe’ve taken the liberty to highlight some of the most common greenhouse crops\nyou can plant that are highly profitable, so you can turn your hobby into a\nlucrative business.\n\n## Things to Consider When Picking Crops\n\nBefore deciding on which crops are the best for planting in a greenhouse farm,\nthere are a few factors you to consider.\n\n### Single or Multiple Crops?\n\nDo you want to grow single or multiple crops? Experts strongly recommend that\nyou stick to a single crop so you can concentrate all your time, effort and\nresources to ensure it grows healthy and lush. This is because taking on\ndifferent kinds of crops at the same time will require different and\nspecialized needs with regards to:\n\n * Water\n * Attention\n * Fertilization\n * Shade\n\n### Are You a Beginner or Experienced Farmer?\n\nIf you’re new to the greenhouse farming business – or farming altogether –\nit’s advisable to start with a crop that’s easier to grow and monitor until\nharvest time.\n\n### How Much Space do You Have?\n\nYou’ll also need to determine exactly how much space you have in your backyard\nfor a greenhouse. This is important for estimating the costs involved with a\ncrop you are considering.\n\n## Types of Crops to Choose\n\nFruits and vegetables are the most common type of crop that can thrive in\ngreenhouse environments. We list a few examples below.\n\n### Tomatoes\n\nTomatoes are among the common crops that many greenhouse farmers prefer\nplanting because of how many you can grow. They’re also very profitable, with\nalmost every household using tomatoes in some fashion in their usual diet.\n\n### Lettuce\n\nLettuce is another favorite crop among greenhouse enthusiasts. It can be\nprofitable, but it’s also relatively easy to grow for beginners or casual\nfarmers. There are also many different kinds of lettuce that you can grow.\n\n### Cucumbers\n\nCucumbers are a highly profitable vegetable to grow because of how versatile\nthey are in catering and cooking. They are not as popular as tomatoes or\nlettuce, because they are not as easy to keep fresh after harvesting.\nNonetheless, if you grow organic cucumbers they can fetch high prices.\n\n### Peppers\n\nHave a few popular varieties and colors, but mainly red, yellow and green.\nWe’ll quickly point out that peppers aren’t the easiest greenhouse crops to\ngrow but they’re still very profitable due to their use in popular cooking\ndishes like stir fry.\n\n### Spinach\n\nHere is yet another vegetable that’s best suited for greenhouse environment.\nBeginners will appreciate how fast it grows, but its growth depends on the\nenvironmental and climate conditions.\n\n## Conclusion\n\nNow, from the above mentioned vegetables, which one will you grow in your\ngreenhouse once you move into one of the new homes in Liberty Hill?\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Green Waste Skip Tips On Disposing Your Garden Waste\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 22, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAfter cutting your grass, pruning your trees, and trimming your branches, you\nare now left with the question of what to do with all this green waste, as it\ncan be quite a tedious thing to dispose of. One of the best ways for you to\ndispose of your garden waste is through green waste skip bins, which is common\nin Australia. These bins refer to garbage containers that are used\nspecifically for domestic and commercial garden waste.\n\nThat said, here are 3 tips that can help with your garden waste disposal\nthrough skip bins:\n\n### 1\\. Call your local sanitation or waste disposal department.\n\nWhen you have a green waste skip bin filled up, you don’t have to wait for the\nnext time that the sanitation department will come to collect it. For example,\nif you’ve got a house party coming up and you want to clear your front lawn of\nyour bin, you can call for a pick up today, or at the next earliest possible\ntime. Doing this is also very helpful, especially if you’ve got big dogs who\nmight dig through the skip bin and bring the twigs out. Imagine the time\nwasted having to clean up again!\n\n### 2\\. Haul your garden waste and bring it to the local dump.\n\nAfter you have completed clearing your garden, you can gather all these and\nhaul them in your skip bin to deliver them to the local dump yourself. Just be\nsure that you are dumping it in the right place for biodegradable or green\nwaste. Not only are you cleaning your house better and faster, but you are\nalso helping out the load of the local waste disposal trucks. That is, of\ncourse, if you don’t mind taking it yourself.\n\n### 3\\. Pile the smaller twigs and leaves first.\n\nEach skip bin has a limit of 150 kilos, which is a lot. But if you’ve done a\nhuge clearing of your big garden, then the size might not be enough. To be\nmore efficient, pile up the smaller twigs and messy leaves first in the skip\nbin, so you can put in as many green waste as you can. For the bigger logs, if\nthey don’t fit anymore, you can pile them close to the bin, ready for the\ntruck to come pick them up. Not much of a worry for this, as logs don’t easily\ncreate a mess, unlike leaves and twigs.\n\n### Conclusion\n\nGreen garden waste is actually one of the best waste materials in your house\nbecause of the very reason that they’re biodegradable. However, ironically, it\nis also one of the hardest to dispose of, especially if you are dealing with\nlarger quantities. With these tips to guide you, you can now feel happier\ncutting your grass, trees and branches, as disposing of these garden wastes\nnow aren’t so much of a hassle.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### DIY Projects\n\n# How to Convert a Garden Shed into a Home Office\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 15, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWorking from home can seem like the perfect set-up, but after a while having\nno boundaries between your downtime and work can become a problem. Everyone\nneeds a dedicated space to work out of. However, if space is at a premium then\nyou may have to get creative with your workspace. Converting a garden shed\ninto a home office can be a great way to make a secure separated space for\nworking without spending a lot.\n\nWith a home office for you can improve your productivity and that important\nwork-life balance, all without leaving your home. Making a home office from a\ngarden shed might be easier than you think, it can be achieved relatively\nquickly if you go about it in the right way. These are the steps for\nconverting a garden shed into a home office the right way.\n\n### 1\\. Planning\n\nThe first step to converting a garden shed into a home office is planning. You\nmight be excited to start work, but this is the most important stage. There a\nfew big decisions you’re going to have to make. The first is if you want\nelectricity running to your home office. This can be useful if you need to run\na computer or charge a laptop. However, it will make your conversion a lot\nmore complicated.\n\nYou also need to think about lighting. You will probably need some lighting in\nyour home office for the darker months, but you can work around electricity if\nyou don’t want power sockets in your new office. You need to measure up the\nshed you already have and decide what sort of space you want to build. If you\ndon’t think you have enough of a foundation to turn your shed into an office,\nyou can think about replacing your shed with one that’s more fit for its new\npurpose.\n\n### 2\\. Designing\n\nOnce you’ve taken stock of your resources and decided what type of home office\nyou will be turning your shed into, it is time to design your home office. You\nwill need to plan out how your shed is going to look when it is finished. If\nyou’re adding electricity, you need to plan out where you will run the wiring\nto your shed. You need to consider which section of your garden you can dig up\nto run it under since electrifying your shed is a major undertaking.\n\nYou also need to plan out windows to ensure your office will plenty of natural\nlight. Natural light is really important for making a nice working\nenvironment, you should work in as many windows as you can.\n\n### 3\\. Work with What You’ve Already Got\n\nThe good thing about converting a garden shed into a home office is that you\nhave plenty already built. You should work with what you’ve already got rather\nthan reinventing the wheel. Make sure that each wall is fully secure and that\nthe roof will not drip. This is especially important for the rainy times of\nthe year since you will have electronics in there.\n\nThe wood used for the shed should be checked for rot or instability and\nreplaced if necessary. Since you’re going to be building on this to add\ninsulation, you need to have a secure and solid wall to start with. You should\nthen add in the windows as you planned in your designing stage.\n\n### 4\\. Insulating your shed\n\nWith a working home office, you need to ensure it stays warm. You can achieve\nthis using insulation to keep your home office warm no matter the weather.\nInsulating your shed is relatively simple compared with hooking up the\nelectricity. You need to purchase the necessary materials for the insulation\nand additional wood to cover up the insulation so you’re still working in a\nnice environment. A coat of paint after installation can be done when you’re\nadding in your new floor to give you a nice environment during the working\nday. This guide will run you through insulating a shed to make sure you get it\nright.\n\n### 5\\. Adding Lighting and Power\n\nThis is by far the most complicated step. If you only need electricity for\nlighting, then you can make this a bit simpler. Solar panelled lighting can be\npowered from a panel attached to the side of the shed for adequate lighting.\n\nHowever, if you need power sockets to run things in your home office then you\nwon’t be able to use this workaround. A generator might work, but this isn’t a\ngreat long-term solution. If you’re going to get a lot of use out of your home\noffice, then wiring in power is the best solution. You will need to dig a\ntrench from your home to the shed to run the power through. You should consult\nan electrician and ensure this is done correctly.\n\nConverting a shed into a home office can take some time, but it will be\nrewarding. Once you’re finished you will have a comfy and secure working space\naway from all those distractions in the home. With a strong enough Wi-Fi\nconnection, you’ve got a dedicated environment to stay productive even when\nyou’re working at home.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# Tips on Using a Strimmer Effectively\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 9, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nNot only are these great for border edges, but they are also perfect for\ncutting unruly grass and weeds in those difficult to reach areas of your\ngarden, thus making them a must-have for many garden enthusiasts.\n\nOn the face of it, a strimmer is very different from a lawnmower despite the\nsimilarities of the 2 garden pieces. A strimmer has a rapidly rotating head,\nwith a hard trimming line in the end; this makes quick work of weeds and long\ngrasses without too much effort.\n\nHowever, with any piece of equipment, if used inappropriately, you can create\nmore work and risk damaging your new strimmer without getting much use out of\nit.\n\nHere are some top tips on how to use your garden strimmer effectively.\n\n * Protect yourself; as with any piece of garden equipment, you must ensure you take safety seriously when operating it. Though that piece of nylon line may not look like much, though put it too close to the skin or feet and you may end up needing a trip to your emergency department! Ensure you wear eye and head protection to eliminate injury from flying debris. Make sure you are wearing a sturdy pair of shoes, gloves, and regardless of the weather, always wear full-length trousers. Avoid loose-fitting clothes and to protect your ears from the inevitable noise, wear a pair of ear defenders or earplugs.\n * Watch out for the cable; if you are using a mains powered strimmer, one key risk is that you may trip over the wire. Similarly, ensure you keep the cutting end away from any wires too; you really don’t want to have to replace a damaged cable!\n * Flying debris; though we touched on this earlier, the context is different. Even if your garden is worthy of winning the Best Kept Garden Award from the RHS, there is always the potential that when using a strimmer, you may hit something seemingly benign, like a stone, and inadvertently turn it into a projectile. This is bad news if there are other unprotected people in the vicinity and can be very bad for your windows! To avoid this, check all areas you will be strimming for such objects and remove them from a safe distance. This will also avoid damage to the strimmer.\n * Take a break; if you have a large area to strim, you will need to schedule in breaks- not just to give yourself a rest but also to prevent your strimmer from becoming overheated, which can cause damage in the long run. Keep your posture straight and if your body begins to ache, stop and leave it for another time; if you are exhausted, you risk dropping your strimmer, damaging it and yourself.\n\nTo prolong your strimmer lifespan, keep it in a cool, dry shed or garage; if\nyou are worried about anything, get it checked by a gardening tools expert.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Mom’s Field Guide To Choosing a New Neighborhood\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 2, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThere are a few things that are more important than a secure home. After all,\nit’s our little place of respite from a busy, stressful world. Home is where\nthe heart and mind are rested, just as much as the body.\n\nIt’s these little things that define a home. And it’s in those definitions\nthat we see how important it is to secure a good home.\n\nWhat factors should you look at when choosing a neighborhood?\n\nThe Right Market Conditions and Affordability\n\nIn the simplest of terms, this refers to the value of the property you\npurchase. That value is going to be determined in part by the neighborhood\nit’s located in. It’s this aspect of home buying that requires a lot of\nresearch, or the help of a real estate agent, to help you determine whether a\ncertain neighborhood’s value is rising or declining, or simply stagnant.\n\nNeighborhood-Lifestyle Compatibility\n\nThis usually comes down to personal preference. It’s a combination of a dozen\nchoices. You could be between a rural neighborhood versus a suburban\nneighborhood or a neighborhood that’s near water (if you’re fond of walks on\nthe beach) or if you prefer an area that has a lot of greenery. Your decision\nhere is going to be dependent on the things you like to do as well as the\nthings you need in order for you to function on a daily basis. You could live\nin a simple farmland neighborhood or in a high-end neighborhood like this\nMcKinney gated community.\n\nDistance and Availability of Amenities and Conveniences\n\nConveniences include grocery stores, convenience stores, laundromats, gas\nstations, and health centers. These are all essentials that provide goods and\nservices that you need on a regular basis.\n\nAmenities, on the other hand, include places like the park, a local gym,\nmuseums, and many other points of interest. These are places that allow for\nsome rest and recreation and are where you’re going to spend your leisure\ntime.\n\nCrime Rate\n\nThis should be one of the most obvious factors to consider. While you could\nsay that it’s frivolous to even mention it, it’s one of those things that can\nget overlooked, especially when it’s easy to get distracted with all the other\nfactors. A low crime rate in a neighborhood not only grants you peace of mind,\nit also means that investors are more likely to move into the neighborhood.\n\nAnd when there are investors, the neighborhood is more likely to get\ndeveloped. Remember that a low crime rate is important, especially because\nthis is also where your kids are going to grow up.\n\nAnd there you have it. These are some of the most important factors to\nconsider when you’re looking for a new neighborhood to live in. Remember that\nhaving a comfortable life doesn’t solely depend on choosing a house. Taking\nthe bigger picture into consideration is going to save you a lot of money and\nheartache in the long run.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Tips for Students for Gardening in a Small Backyard as a Stay at Home Mom\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 12, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nNowadays, tight space can’t be a restriction to have with herbs, flowers and\ngarden veggies around you. You can use small containers or make garden bends\nin available space. A backyard garden can help you to reap several benefits.\nGardening is an engaging and moderate exercise for students. They can develop\nanalytical abilities with their gardening exercise. Try to get some time out\nof your routine for gardening. Gardening allows children to breathe fresh air\nand relieve their stress. If you are worried about some lengthy assignment,\nfeel free to get the advantage of reliable research proposal writing services.\n\nConsistent gardening may contribute to social skills, cognitive abilities, and\nalertness. If you are ready to set up a small backyard garden, here are some\ntips for your assistance.\n\n# Look for Sunlight\n\nBefore starting your backyard gardening, you have to figure out the right\nplace with lots of sunlight. You will buy bushes, plants, flowers, herbs and\nveggies based on the duration of the sun in your backyard. Feel free to set up\na shade garden in a deck with little sunlight. For a veggie garden, you must\nhave sunshine for almost 6 to 8 hours.\n\nSeveral flowers need sunlight too. You have to sunmap your backyard gardening\nby observing the number of sunlight’s hour in your garden. Tall bushes, trees,\nand even your house can increase shade and decrease light for backyard\ngardening.\n\n# Choose Suitable Containers\n\nIn your small garden, you can plant your favorite herbs, veggies, and flowers\nin containers. You have to provide proper water, sunlight, and air to your\ncontainers. These may dry out quicker than gardening beds, so you have to pay\nspecial attention.\n\nIn a restricted space, you can try square foot gardening. In this method, you\nwill plant things as close as possible. Instead of creating long rows, you can\ndivide every garden bed by 1-foot x 1-foot squares. Each square will have one\nkind of crop.\n\n# Add Contrast and Colors\n\nYou can make your containers beautiful by adding different textures and\ncolors. Try to combine veggie or ornamental plants. For instance, purple\nveggies look good with greens. Frilly leaves like dill, celeriac, parsnip,\ncelery, and carrot make a beautiful contrast with lettuce, beets, and greens.\nYou can add a nice variation with garlic, onions, and leeks.\n\n# Arrangement of Containers\n\nCarefully arrange containers around your courtyard for a pleasing ambiance in\na backyard garden. Plant on edges to increase growing space by leaving the\nmiddle of the garden for play or patio area. Northside can be an excellent\nplace to plant trees.\n\nYou can use vertical space by growing upwards. In this way, you can get most\nout of your backyard garden. A vertical garden can add layers and height to\nyour garden for additional oomph of function and beauty. By using upward\nspace, you can increase your space for gardening and get better yields.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Indoor Gardening\n\n# What Indoor Growing Equipment Canada Should You Buy For Your Indoor Garden\nSetup\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 10, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWhen you have no space to set up a garden in your backyard, you can still do\nit with indoor gardening. Whether for growing herbs, organic vegetables, or\nflowers, indoor gardening can accommodate this endeavor of yours. But you need\nthe following equipment to set up a successful indoor garden:\n\n### 1\\. Grow Kits\n\nOne of the advantages you can have with indoor gardening is an easy and fun\nway of growing your plants. Without extra tools and a green thumb, grow kits\nare a must for your indoor garden. These kits are ready to grow, and all you\nneed is to choose the type of method you’ll use for cultivation.\n\nFor soil cultivation, you need containers and soil to grow your seedlings,\nwhile hydroponics don’t require soil. What hydroponics need are a solution of\nnutrients and mostly water. Hydroponics are much popular nowadays because it\ndoesn’t take up too much space, not messy, and the nutrients are easily\nabsorbed, thereby, producing healthy plants. These Canadian indoor kits are\navailable in stores like Canada Grows Indoors LLC.\n\n### 2\\. Grow Lights\n\nTo grow sun-loving plants like vegetables up to their maturity, use grow\nlights. You can choose a fluorescent, LED, or HID grow lights. Fluorescent\nbulbs are good for seedlings, LED for growing larger quantities of plants, and\nHID for lemon bushes or tomatoes and other large plants. You can avail of\ndiscounted high-quality grow lights by following the Canada Grows Indoors\nFacebook page.\n\n### 3\\. Grow Tents\n\nA grow tent is an enclosed space that increases the grow lights’\neffectiveness. It has a sturdy canvas exterior and is a reusable and portable\ngrow room. Some grow tents have built-in grow lights that are suitable for a\nhydroponic kind of cultivation. Moreover, it stimulates the growth of plants\nand sustains the heat because of its insulation system.\n\nHere are some tips when choosing a grow tent:\n\n * Height – If you’re planning to grow tall plants, choose a grow tent that can adjust up to 9′ tall. Some grow tents have adjustable features. But if you’ll only grow small or medium-sized plants, then you can opt for a smaller indoor grow tent, which is up to 6′ in height.\n\n * Durability – It’s recommended to purchase grow tents with metallic poles and frames with fasteners. The fasteners will secure the tent’s structure while the metallic poles are sturdier than the ordinary tents. Also, choose the ones with durable fabric and zippers, tight seals, and thick viewing windows so that it can last longer.\n\n * Thickness – Most grow tents only have 190D-600D that can result in easy ripping and leaking of light. But a 1680D fabric is thicker than the ordinary ones that allow a stronger and safer environment for your indoor garden.\n\n### Conclusion\n\nIndoor gardening in Canada is popular nowadays. And with the availability of\ngrowing equipment, indoor gardening is made easy. Invest in your equipment so\nthat you don’t waste your efforts in gardening.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Growing Tips\n\n# What Are Some of the Best Eco-Friendly Apps that can Help You Go Green?\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 9, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nGoing green can have major benefits for the environment and for your health.\nHowever, it can be difficult to make some of the major changes that come with\ngoing green and focusing on sustainability, even if you believe in the cause.\n\nSo, what can you do to make going green easier? There are a number of tools\nright at your fingertips that can help. Let’s go over some of the best eco-\nfriendly apps that can help you go green right here.\n\n## General Eco-Friendly Apps\n\nWe’re going to break our eco-friendly app suggestions into categories. Some\napps offer a well-rounded focus on all things green. You can check out:\n\n * BrightNest\n * JouleBug\n * Oroeco\n\nThese apps focus on your lifestyle choices and actions around the home as a\nwhole, allowing you to focus on going green in all aspects of your life. Some\nof these apps, like Oroeco, offer you personalized tips that can make going\ngreen even easier.\n\n## Recycling Eco-Friendly Apps\n\nIf you want to focus specifically on recycling as you go green, you may want\nto focus on apps like:\n\n * iRecycle\n * RecycleNation\n\nThese apps can help you improve your recycling habits and they’re both free.\nYou can get information about where to recycle in your area and about what\nitems can be recycled.\n\nEnergy Usage Eco-Friendly Apps\n\nEnergy usage – and the kind of energy you use – is a big part of going green.\nYou can monitor your carbon footprint with apps like:\n\n * greenMeter\n * Energy Cost Calculator\n\nThese apps can help you determine areas where you can lower your carbon\nfootprint, perhaps by deciding to drive an energy-efficient car or by deciding\nto purchase energy-efficient light bulbs. You can even check out Light Bulb\nFinder if you need help selecting the eco-friendliest lightbulbs for you.\n\n## Shopping Eco-Friendly Apps\n\nGoing green can mean making some big changes to your shopping habits.\nFortunately, there are some apps you can turn to if you need help focusing on\nsustainability while you’re out doing your shopping. You can check out:\n\n * GoodGuide\n * EWG’s Food Scores\n * Locavore\n\nThese apps can help you compare products to determine which ones are the most\nenvironmentally friendly, or to find local food in your area.\n\n## Additional Eco-Friendly Apps\n\nSome of the best eco-friendly apps are very highly focused on specific aspects\nof going green. For example, you can use Dropcountr to monitor your water\nconsumption on a daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly basis to decrease your\nwater usage.\n\nYou can also cut down on paper waste in your life with PaperKarma. This app\ncan remove you from mailing lists that end up with you dealing with mountains\nof junk mail, reducing the overall strain on the planet.\n\n## Start Using Eco-Friendly Apps in Your Life\n\nYou don’t have to figure out how to go green all on your own. There options\nout there that can help you shift to an eco-friendlier lifestyle.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# How to Start Your Own Landscaping Business\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 5, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAccording to the Wall Street Journal, over 100,000 new small businesses are\nopened every year. Many workers are growing tired of toiling day after day to\nmake someone else’s dreams come true. With independent contractors and\nfreelancers taking over the world of commerce, it might be time to think about\nstarting your own private enterprise.\n\nLandscaping businesses can be as lucrative as they are rewarding. With busy\nschedules, there is a growing demand for companies to come in and take care of\npeople’s property. Give your creative green thumb an outlet to thrive while\ncreating and maintaining some beautiful landscapes.\n\nFrom a simple mowing business to a more complex landscape design, the choice\nis yours. Take advantage of the tools of your trade including creative\nlandscape design software to help you make your clients’ dreams come true.\n\nAs with any new venture, it’s always best to start with a plan. Opening your\nown business can be a challenge, so having a picture of what you want to\naccomplish and how you will do it is the best place to start.\n\n### Make A Business Plan\n\nIf you have no experience running your own business, you will need to start by\ndoing your homework. To bring in interest for financing, you will need to\ncreate a comprehensive business plan to present to lenders. There are many\nonline tools that can help you with a business plan template to get you\nprepared.\n\nIt’s a good idea to consult with an accountant to get advice about setting up\nyour bookkeeping system and taxes before you get started.\n\n### Set Your Pricing\n\nThe best place to start when deciding what your fees will be is to investigate\nyour direct competition. You may be able to cut some corners when you are just\nstarting out, as your overhead will be slightly lower than the more\nestablished companies. Consider your time invested, cost of materials, labor,\nequipment, and tools, and your overhead costs before calculating your best\nprice.\n\n### Licensing\n\nEvery state will have different licensing requirements. In a landscaping\nbusiness, you may need to obtain special certification to use chemicals and\nfertilizers. You should also check your local bylaws regarding waste\nmanagement and local irrigation.\n\nYou will be required to sit for the Landscape Architect Registration Exam\nbefore you will be issued an official business license. The exam will cover\nthe basics of land management, maintenance, and safety. You can write the exam\nfor a one-time cost of $150.\n\n### Taxes\n\nConsult your accountant about setting up an EIN (Employer Identification\nNumber) that will connect you to the IRS. Visit the IRS website and fill out\nthe standard SS-4 forms to receive your State Tax I.D. number.\n\n### Gain Customers\n\nStart by advertising locally and pick up a few of your first clients by\noffering services to your neighbors and family. Take advantage of the\nincredible reach that social media can offer by establishing a company website\nand a dedicated page on Facebook or an Instagram account.\n\nCreate a portfolio of your past work as you gain more experience. Being able\nto display examples of your work directly to your clients can show them that\nyou have a great experience as well as talent.\n\n### Hire Staff\n\nWith a small landscaping business you may start out as an independent\ncontractor, but with luck, you may soon have to hire extra staff to keep up\nwith the demand. To protect your business, you should always have a rigid\ninterviewing and hiring process. Check references and past experience before\nmaking any hasty decisions. You should expect to provide training for all of\nyour new employees.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# 4 Gardening Scenarios Where It’s Best to Call In the Pros\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 27, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nDIY is a popular word, and YouTube videos can teach you almost anything these\ndays. But is that always the best route to go?\n\nWhile we respect your willingness to try it yourself and we understand the\nimportance of managing your budget, certain scenarios require some skill &\nexpert advice.\n\nIf you face one of the following scenarios, it may be time to ask for some\nhelp from your local gardening professionals.\n\n## Anything Relating to Your Power Lines\n\nThis is a rule you should teach everyone in your household: if gardening takes\nyou near the power lines, you need to outsource.\n\nThis is often the case when it’s time to trim your trees. You may not have\nrealized just how quickly those branches are growing, and at the end of the\nsummer they’re almost touching the power lines.\n\nFirst of all it’s probably the local authorities’ and power line workers’\nresponsibility to cut them down anyway. Secondly, it only takes one misstep\nand you can end up falling against the live wires. Don’t do this yourself!\n\n## Damaged Trees\n\nEven a general trimming of trees can quickly turn dangerous if you’re working\non damaged trees. A vicious storm or parasites may have weakened trees in your\ngarden. Many plants may never recover.\n\nWith a weakened structure, you have no idea where that tree will fall or which\nbranches are still strong enough to support you. Call in the pros on this one.\nWith their knowledge and proper safety harnesses, they will remove the damaged\ngrowth piece by piece.\n\n## Problems With the Pipes\n\nThe idea of having your gas or water pipes dug up is enough to put most\nhomeowners in a bad mood. Important tip: don’t wait for a small problem to\nbecome a big one.\n\nA telltale sign of plumbing problems is when water collects in a certain\ngrassy area or you see your paving is wet. It could be the roots of a tree\nthat damaged the pipes, but removing the cause won’t fix the problem. And\ndon’t think you’ll fix it all yourself. You need pros with handy tools such as\ninflatable pipe plugs that will locate the problem and repair it with the\nleast amount of damage to the surrounding area.\n\n## Pests Require the Pros\n\nAnother unwelcome sight is when you realize you have pests that are chewing on\nyour plants or contaminating the garden. You’ll find many DIY solutions at the\nstore for rats, bugs and other pests, but they often only minimize the plague;\nit’s rarely destroyed completely.\n\nA better solution is to call a pest control company that knows how to track\ndown the nest and eliminate the problem.\n\n## Final Thoughts\n\nYou know how to look after your property, but more often than not DIY projects\nlead to temporary fixes, not long-term solutions. Know when you’ve reached\nyour limits and call in the professionals so you can enjoy your garden again.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# 6 of the Best Ways to Store Your Bike\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 26, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAre you an avid cyclist with quite the collection of impressive bikes?\n\nLuckily, there are some great ways to store your bike, in your home and out of\nit. With these tricks, you’ll be able to walk through your hallway without\nsustaining any injuries and your walls will be safe from chain grease and\nwheel dirt!\n\n## Wall display\n\nBikes come in all shapes and sizes, colors and patterns, and can work as a\ngreat piece of (removable and useable) contemporary artwork for your home.\n\nThe market is filled with snazzy hooks and racks to hoist your precious\nbicycle onto the wall. You’re spoilt for choice when it comes to materials and\ndesigns. Maybe you’re into the industrial look and fancy a grungy steel rack.\nOr perhaps you’re like the rustic, wholesome feel of a nice pine hook?\n\nJust be sure that you can easily remove and remount your bike when you decide\nto go for a cycle!\n\n## Hang it from the ceiling\n\nIt might seem like a strange solution, but hanging your bike from the ceiling\nis perfect when you are tight on both floor and wall space.\n\nGet your hands on a simple pulley system to hoist your bike on to the ceiling.\nThis is perfect if you live in a small flat with particularly high ceilings,\nand is very reminiscent of the clothes pulleys that are characteristic of\nVictorian homes!\n\nUsing this gap is the ideal way to work towards full optimization of every\nsquare inch of your property.\n\n## Turn it upside down\n\nThe awkwardly-shaped gap underneath your stairs isn’t exactly the most\npractical spot for storage, but if you’re inventive, it can be a great\nlocation to stash your bicycle.\n\nAll you need to do is screw some basic hooks onto the sloping underside of the\nsteps – they don’t need to be anything fancy, they just need to be strong\nenough to hold the weight of your bike!\n\nDepending on the height and width of your stairs, you could potentially store\ntwo bikes in this nifty little gap.\n\n## Store it in the shed\n\nIf it’s going to prove too tight a squeeze to fit a bulky bicycle in your\nhome, you might need to look outside of your house for your bike storage\nsolutions.\n\nIf you have the luxury of a garden shed or garage, this is a fantastic option!\nBefore you store it inside, make sure that the structure can protect your bike\nfrom the elements, bugs and pests, and thieves!\n\n## Stow it in a self-storage unit\n\nBy far the most secure way to store your bike is in a well-maintained self-\nstorage unit with tight security.\n\nIf you’re not a daily cyclist, reserving it for special adventures in the\ncountryside on the weekends, a storage unit is the ideal to keep your bike out\nof sight and out of mind, but still safe and sound.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# The Benefits Of Baking Soda: How To Freshen Up Your Home\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 23, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nKeeping your home clean can seem a mammoth task with a seemingly endless array\nof information and advice. From the arsenal of chemical options available on\nthe market and different opinions about the best cleaning methods, it can be\nhard to know where to start.\n\nIn addition, there is also a growing move towards environmentally-friendly\noptions, and this can be hard to reconcile with the different cleaning\nproducts available. With different sprats, potions and lotions available for\neverything from the bathroom to the stove, it seems you will need a new\ncupboard merely to hold your new products!\n\nIf this all sounds overwhelming, the good news is that there is a simple\nsolution to your cleaning woes, and chances are you already have some on\nhand—baking soda. Before you seek the help of Alpha Bed Bug Exterminator NYC\nto battle critters in the bedroom, why not give this magic product a try. Here\nare just a few of the miracles it can perform.\n\n## Eliminate Odor\n\nForget fancy air fresheners. Baking soda is ideal for eliminating unpleasant\nsmells. From carpets to furniture, fabrics to microwaves, you can give your\nhome a new lease of life with a simple sprinkle of baking soda.\n\n## Clean Jewelry\n\nThere is no need for expensive jewelry cleaning kits. Just make a paste of one\npart water to three parts baking soda, and apply it to your silver with a\nlint-free cloth and rinse. Be careful not to use paper cloth, as this can\ncause scratches.\n\n## Freshen Up Patio Furniture\n\nPatio furniture can often be affected by the weather during the wet winter\nmonths. Before bringing your chairs out ready for the summer season, give them\na quick wipe with water and baking soda to restore them to their full glory\nand ensure they are prepared for your summer socializing. Once the winter\ncomes, you can also place baking soda inside the bags used to store the\ncushion pads to keep them fresh.\n\n## Clean Up Oil Spills\n\nOil can be tricky to clean, as water tends to merely make it spread and stain.\nIt can also be dangerous and lead to slips. If you have spilled oil on the\nfloor of your garage, you can sprinkle on a little baking soda and scrub with\na stiff brush to pick up any traces and keep the ground safe and clean.\n\n## Brighten Your Whites\n\nIf your whites are looking a little faded and grey, you can bring them back to\nlife by adding a cup of baking soda to your washing machine, alongside your\nusual laundry detergent. This will help bring new life to your white shirts\nand other clothing items, leaving them looking and feeling bright, white and\nfresh.\n\nCleaning your home doesn’t have to be a tiresome chore involving hundreds of\nchemicals. Instead, replace the multiple products with one single, simple\nsolution which will do a fantastic job and help save you cash.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# How to Provide a Sense of Nature and the Outdoors to a Screened Porch\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 20, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIs this the year that you have decided to build a screened porch in your yard\nproviding you with the perfect spot to enjoy a little shade, and escape all\nthe pesky bugs that flourish during the warm summer months? If so, then\nthere’s no doubt that you are excited about your big project and the many ways\nin which it will transform how you use your yard. With that said, even though\nyou are building a screened porch, it doesn’t mean you want it to feel like\nyou are indoors.\n\nHere are some simple tips you can use that will help provide that sense of\nnature and the outdoors to your screened porch, so even though you will be\nsitting under a covered room, and behind screened windows, you’ll still feel\nas though you’re outdoors.\n\n## Choose a Design with Plenty of Windows and Screening\n\nThe first tip has to do with the design you choose. The best way to make your\nporch feel like the outdoors is to allow for plenty of light. Choose a model\nthat offers a number of windows and screening so that your view isn’t skewed\nand you’ll still be able to see all angles of your yard.\n\nThe pros at Architectural Landscape Design also suggest that you pick a\nscreened porch design that fits and flows with the roofline of your home so\nthat it feels natural and organic, rather than a wholly separate entity.\n\n## Plan a Nearby Garden\n\nWhile it’s impossible to have a garden inside your porch, you can have one in\nvery close proximity. Plan out a garden that borders the porch or that is\nclose by to provide you with that lovely scenery. If you are planting things\nup against the base of the porch, be sure you pick shrubs and bushes that do\nwell in those particular lighting conditions.\n\n## Add a Water Feature to the Yard\n\nOne of the best ways to impart a sense of nature and relaxation to your yard\nis to install some sort of water feature. This could be a fountain or a pond.\nAgain, plan to place the feature near the porch so that when you’re sitting in\nthe screened area you’ll still be able to hear the soothing water sounds.\n\n## Hang Bird Feeders from the Porch\n\nYou can also install hooks on the roofline of the porch that are strong enough\nto hold bird feeders. You’ll be able to enjoy nature up close and personal as\nyou attract all kinds of incredible bird varieties to your yard.\n\n## Use Indoor Plants for Greenery\n\nLastly, there is nothing wrong with using standard indoor plants in your\nscreened in porch to give that sense of greenery and nature. You can pick\nvarying heights, colors, and sizes to add interest.\n\n## A Lovely and Inviting Porch\n\nBy using each of these tips, you’ll be able to design a screened porch that is\nnot only lovely to look at but relaxing and enjoyable to use.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Why Should You Learn About Gardening: The Benefits\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 19, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nMost of us enjoy the experience of a tranquil, relaxing garden. Beautifully\nplanned and professionally planted, these spaces offer a fantastic sense of\npeace and calm, with perfectly selected aromas and a dazzling display of\ncolors, all of which seamlessly fit together as though by magic.\n\nWhile we may enjoy the end result, the truth is that many of us are clueless\nwhen it comes to the fundamentals of gardening. It can be a subject which\nseems overwhelming, with jargon such as ‘soil pH’ and ‘seasonal planting’\nmaking this sound like a dry and theoretical bore, as opposed to a fundamental\nbasic. In truth, learning about gardening can be a huge benefit for your home\nand life, changing the way you relax, exercise, and even eat. Whether you are\nkeen to grow your own veggies or learn more about lawn care.\n\n## You are what you eat\n\nGardening is not merely restricted to beautiful flowers; it is a fundamental\npart of the food chain. Leaning to grow and harvest your own food is not only\na hugely satisfying experience, but it could also help you cut your food\nbudget. In addition, growing your own fruit and vegetables helps you to\ndevelop a better understanding of what you are putting in your body, and can\nprovide inspiration for creative new meal ideas.\n\n## Extend your home\n\nIf you are a homeowner, gardening offers a chance to extend your living space\nat a little extra cost. By learning the basics of gardening, you can identify\nthings that will thrive in your garden, and use this knowledge to create a\nrelaxing and stunning space which is perfect for late-night entertaining,\nchilled summer barbeques, and informal family picnics. Make the most of every\ninch of your home by transforming the outside.\n\n## Improve your health\n\nAs well as helping to change your diet, gardening is also an excellent form of\nexercise. The bending, stooping, and squatting required can provide a full-\nbody workout, and burn more calories than a traditional gym session! As a\nbonus, you can feel satisfied that you are doing something productive while\nexercising, whether that is pruning, weeding, or digging a brand new bed. By\nhaving visible results, you will increase your motivation, helping to turn a\nworkout from a necessary evil to a productive and genuinely useful task.\n\n## Save the planet\n\nHaving a good knowledge of plants and flowers is also beneficial in helping\nsave the planet. Plants provide the oxygen which keeps us alive, and so\nlearning to respect and maintain them is essential. In addition, you can help\nattract bees and insects to your garden with the right combination of foliage.\nThese are creatures that are in danger of being lost, and so we need to invite\nthem in at any opportunity. By maintaining a garden, you will be doing your\nbit to generate a whole new ecosystem, and play a valuable part in the\nlifecycle of many creatures—not merely humans.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Features to Consider When Selecting a Water Dispenser\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 14, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThere are numerous benefits of investing in a water dispenser for your home,\nbusiness, or office. The quality of water is outstanding, eliminates wastage\nof water, and also contributes to a reduction of your carbon footprint through\nless use of bottled water. While some may opt for a water dispenser for\npersonal preferential reasons, others may require a dispenser because of lack\nof healthy and hygienic drinking water.\n\nA few things to consider when deciding to invest in a water dispenser include:\n\nDo you require it for an area with limited space, or contrastingly, do you\nneed a large capacity-dispensing system with a filtration mechanism for your\nbusiness or office? You could choose between a water cooler or water dispenser\nsubject to your needs. While both dispense water, the only difference is a\nwater cooler utilizes electricity to cool the water, and water dispensers just\ndispense water at room temperature.\n\nKinds of Water Coolers\n\nPoint of use: These are the most expensive to install and are useful if\nthere’s an existing water line or tap to connect. These help to cut down on\ncosts without the need of attaching water bottles and getting replacements.\n\nTop load bottled water cooler: These are lower in cost than point-of-use and\neasier to set up. There’s no need to tap into a water source, and all it\nrequires is to attach a water bottle on the top. The size of the bottle is\nsubject to the amount of water you’ll need to use.\n\nBottom load bottled cooler: For those that prefer the taste of bottled water,\nbut don’t want a bottle plugged in at the top of the cooler, the alternative\nis a bottom load cooler. In this model, the bottle is placed in a concealed\ncabinet in the bottom section of the cooler.\n\nCountertop water cooler: For those living in an apartment with limited space\nor any location that doesn’t offer access to potable water, this is the\nperfect option. These save money and space.\n\nCountertop water dispenser: These are also economical in cost, save money, and\nare suited for areas where there’s no need to cool the water or when\nelectricity is unavailable or very expensive.\n\nOther aspects to take into consideration:\n\nApart from the kind of water cooler you require and its features, some of the\nother factors that need to be taken into consideration include:\n\nHow you intend to utilize it: Would you be okay with buying and replacing the\nwater bottles, or would you prefer a point-of-use model that taps directly\ninto the water source?\n\nThe area you plan to install: Some smaller models can be installed in limited\nspaces or even bigger models for use in offices, businesses, etc.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Key Tips On How To Prepare For A Swimming Pool Deck\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 14, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nHaving a swimming pool is an excellent addition to your home. With that comes\nthe deck, which is the area surrounding your pool. A properly planned swimming\npool deck is essential to ensure that your landscaping is functional. It also\ncreates a transition from one area of your backyard to another. Here are tips\nso that you can have your dream backyard pool area:\n\n1\\. Think of your space\n\nThe size of your space will often influence the kind of deck that you can\nbuild. It’s important that you’re keen about your area because your design,\nbudget, materials, and others, can then be planned accordingly. For most\nhomeowners, there’s one spot in the property where you can build the deck, and\nthose with larger areas are fortunate to be able to choose as they please.\nSome of the factors affecting your deck are the lot size, view, shade and sun,\nproximity to the house, and privacy. Here are a few other considerations:\n\n * Small areas can have a multi-level deck that utilizes vertical space. Consult with local building codes for requirements when planning to do this in your property.\n * Irregular spaces can still have amazing deck designs. Talk to swimming pool experts for the best options to maximize your space.\n * Larger spaces have more options like a gazebo, dining area, and so on. Don’t cram everything just because you have space; think about functionality, too.\n\n2\\. Re-evaluate its uses and functions\n\nBesides aesthetics, you need to know what the pool deck is going to be used\nfor. This is essential to dictate the functionality of the design, the safety\nmeasures, and other options for your swimming pool decking. Brainstorm for\nideas with your family and include each member who will be using the pool as\nmuch as possible. This way, you will know where balance or compromise is\nneeded. Homeowners can use a pool deck for:\n\n * Hosting pool parties\n * Privacy and relaxation\n * Dining and grilling with family and friends\n * Quality time with kids\n * Spa surround\n\n3\\. Choose the materials\n\nA swimming pool deck can be made of various materials, and it’s vital that\nyou’ve evaluated your options as part of the preparation. Choosing the decking\nmaterials is an important step to ensure that you can afford the project, it’s\nsuitable for your space, and it can serve its purpose. Typical materials are\nconcrete, brick, pavers, stone, wood, tile, turf, synthetic, or a mix of\nthese. When choosing materials:\n\n * Opt for materials that blend with other areas and elements in your yard, including container gardens.\n * Consider how safety fences can be installed.\n * Choose materials that are resistant to frost, mold, mildew, algae, and other chemicals.\n * Go for those that aren’t slippery when wet.\n\nFinal thoughts\n\nBuilding a pool deck is an exciting project. As long as you’ve done the\nnecessary preparations, you’re swimming pool decking will look stunning. Use\nthe tips above as a guide to your planning and preparation.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Stop! Make Sure You Really Need a Surveyor or Architect for That Site Plan\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 13, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf you’re planning or managing a home improvement project, it’s likely your\njurisdiction requires a site plan before you can get the necessary permit. But\ndon’t rush to hire a surveyor or architect just yet!\n\n## What Is a Site Plan?\n\nLet’s start by explaining what a site plan is and how it is used for home\nimprovement projects.\n\nA site plan shows what structures exist on the property, as well as the\nproposed improvements. Many counties have specific development code\nrequirements for particular projects, such as:\n\n * Driveways\n * Sidewalks\n * Sheds\n * Gazebos\n * Retaining walls\n * Fences\n * Ponds\n * Etc.\n\nThe local building department will look at your site plan to determine whether\nyour development project meets the necessary development code requirements. If\nit does, you’ll get the okay to move ahead. If not, you will need a new site\nplan..\n\n## I Need a Site Plan – Where Can I Get One?\n\nBefore you jump into creating a site plan from scratch, one thing that can be\nhelpful to do is to check to see if one already exists.\n\nWhere exactly would you check for this?\n\n 1. Check your own files and see if you can find a site plan that reflects the current status of your property.\n 2. Reach out to your title company to see if they have a copy.\n 3. Your local development office that is asking you for a site plan may have one on file.\n\nIf you can’t find an existing site plan, you may consider hiring someone to\ncreate a plan for you- Architects, Engineers, and Surveyors can be used. They\nwill be professional, thorough, and detail-oriented, but also charge you\nupwards of $1,000.\n\n## Are There Alternatives to Hiring a Professional?\n\nContact your local development office and ask if you are required to submit a\nsite plan that has been stamped by a certified architect, engineer, or\nsurveyor.\n\nIf it is not required, then you have a viable alternative in using online site\nplan providers. They use satellite imagery, GIS information, county parcel\nmaps, and other sources to produce site plans.\n\nThese site plans are as accurate and detailed as those produced by certified\nprofessionals. Moreover, they can do it quickly (some offer a 24-hour\nturnaround), and at a mere fraction of the cost – around $100 to $200,\ndepending on the level of detail required.\n\n## How Do I Know If I Have to Get My Site Plan Stamped?\n\nThere are a number of different types of projects that do not require a\ncertified professional to stamp them. These include:\n\n * Conditional Use Permits\n * Construction Permits\n * Demolition Permits\n * Exterior Home Renovation Permits (many of them)\n * HOA Permitting\n * Residential and Commercial Site Plans\n * Sign Permits\n * Swimming Pool Removal Permits\n * Tree Removal Permits\n\nIf you need a permit to make one of these improvements, there’s a good chance\nyou will not have to pay for a certified professional to create your site\nplan. That being said, though, there’s only one way to know for sure: ask your\nlocal development office.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# How to get Electricity to your Garden\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 22, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAn electrical connection to the garden adds a whole new level of usefulness,\ncomfort as well as improving security. A constant electrical source in the\ngarden is ideal if you’re looking to add some flare to the backyard garden\nwith a fountain, speakers, a projector for a party or extra lighting to run\nalong footpaths or beside stools.\n\nAussie’s today are using their gardens for more than just somewhere to grow\nvegetables and that means electricity is essentially required to get the most\nout of the garden. Below we’ll take a look at a few of the easiest ways to get\nelectricity running to your garden.\n\n## Solar Panels and Batteries\n\nThe most environmentally friendly option for getting electricity to the garden\nwill be through investing in an array of solar panels paired with rechargeable\nbatteries and an inverter. This way you’ll have a near-constant source of free\nelectricity that your garden’s lights and other accessories can connect to.\n\nKeep in mind that depending on the size of your solar panels and your\nbattery’s voltage output you might not be able to power everything you’d like\nto. These solar solutions are fantastic for lower electricity use, but if\nyou’re wanting to power other appliances, tools and more then it’s best to\nconsider a generator. More on that below.\n\n## Portable, Low-cost Generators\n\nIf you’re looking for a solution a little more permanent then it might be a\ngood idea to consider a generator. This way, when the time comes to switch on\nall of your home’s garden lighting and other accessories like pool lighting,\noutdoor speakers and more, you’ll be able to start your generator and be done\nwith it. There’s very little that a generator can’t power in the garden and\nthat means you’ll have no cap on what you could do.\n\nYou might want to consider smaller, more portable generators for your garden\nas these will be easy to conceal but will also be virtually silent. Generators\nfrom retailers like Outbaxcamping are perfect solutions for at-home garden\nelectricity requirements as they’re affordable and incredibly efficient.\n\n## Temporary Extension Cables from the House\n\nOne of the easiest, quick fixes to getting electricity in the garden is\nrunning an extension cable form the house to whatever you need to be powered\nin the garden. Whether it’s a temporary water feature, lighting, bug zapper or\njust about anything else, an extension cable should do the trick on a\ntemporary basis. Just be sure to use more heavy duty extension cables for\nappliances or tools that require higher amperages.\n\nIt’s important to remember that an extension cord isn’t designed to be a\npermanent solution. You’re still able to use these cables to temporarily power\nappliances, tools and lighting in your backyard. Just be sure it’s not\nforecast to rain and make absolutely certain no children or pets will be able\nto mess around with it.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Why There Is a Need for Wheelie Bin Storage\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 19, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWheelie bin storage is the best way to keep your bin out of sight before the\nnext collection pickup. There are many reasons why you need storage for your\nwheelie bins.\n\nWheelie bins are essential on collection day. They are the perfect size for\nholding rubbish, and their use makes it easy for collection workers to remove\nyour garbage. However, these large bins are also quite unattractive.\n\n * More Attractive\n\nThe colors of your wheelie bins more than likely do not compliment the\nexterior of your home. The bold colors of these bins are designed to make it\neasy for the refuse collector to know what type of garbage is inside. This is\nespecially helpful for recycling.\n\nA wheelie bin storage container keeps these unsightly bins out of sight until\ncollection day. Storage containers come in a variety of materials and colors,\nso it’s possible to find something that looks attractive next to your home.\n\n * Less Mess\n\nIf you’ve ever picked up the rubbish after a wheelie bin has been knocked\nover, you know how much of a hassle it is. All it takes is a large gust of\nwind, and your wheelie bin may topple over. Everything inside may blow onto\nyour property. You’re entirely responsible for cleaning up the mess.\n\nLocking your wheelie bin in a bin store, however, will prevent it from falling\nover. This means you no longer need to worry about chasing rubbish down the\nstreet.\n\n * No Theft\n\nWheelie bins are often targeted by thieves. This is very sad but true. While\nyou may not initially miss your stolen wheelie bin, you will have to replace\nit. In many instances, you will have to pay to obtain another wheelie bin. If\nyou had a storage area for your bin, you would no longer have to worry about\nit being stolen by desperate thieves.\n\n * Fewer Pests\n\nStray animals and rodents love to scavenge for garbage. They may be looking\nfor bits of food in your wheelie bin. Unfortunately, if an animal tries to get\ninside the wheelie bin, they will most likely end up knocking it over. Once\nagain, this means you’ll be responsible for picking up all the garbage.\nLocking the wheelie bin up in a bin store will ensure four-legged creatures\nare unable to feast inside your bin.\n\nIf you’re ready to get a bin store, you can easily make one yourself. Those\nwho are not handy can purchase a pre-made one from a home improvement shop.\nKeep your rubbish covered and out of sight by storing your wheelie bin in a\nclosed bin store.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# 6 Expert Tips to Find the Right Lawn Mower\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 13, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nPlanning to buy a lawn mower for your garden? It will be wise to think of a\nfew factors before you invest on a lawn mower. Starting from the size of the\ngarden to the frequency of mowing, everything has to be taken into\nconsideration because lawn mowers can be quite expensive. In addition to the\nbrand, features, and the price of the mower, you should also keep an eye on\nthe shape and size of the topography. But there are three main factors that\nwill help you decide the best lawn mower for your garden: the level of\nterrain, the number of obstacles in the garden such as plants, flower beds,\ntrees, etc, and the size of the garden. Here are some of the lawn mowers that\nwill be suitable for you:\n\n1\\. Walk-behind mowers\n\nProbably the most popular of all the lawn mowers is the walk-behind variant\nthat will give you plenty of options to mow your lawn. These are generally\ntwo-stroked mowers that have the ability to cut yards of lawn continuously\nwithout any interruption. Moreover, these mowers can run for years and they\nrequire very low maintenance too. The ideal size of the walk-behind mowers is\n20” to 22”. You should always measure the length and width of the garden along\nwith the size of the yard gate so that you don’t have any problem while using\nthe mower.\n\n2\\. Zero-turn mowers\n\nThese mowers are hugely popular when it comes to mowing golf courses and\nlandscapes. They are easy to use as they offer high-speed cutting and can turn\nvery precisely. There will be two lap bars that you will act as the driving\nwheel. You have to maneuver the bars carefully to make sure that you are\nmowing the right areas of the lawn. If you have a huge lawn that has got big\nobstacles such as ponds or trees, then a zero-turn mower will be the right\nchoice. With the fast mowing capability, it will be easier to cut down the\ngrass in a relatively short period of time. This will allow you to mow a large\narea very quickly.\n\n3\\. Push mowers\n\nPush mowers are the most common in houses that have a small garden in front\nwith grass in it. These mowers are small in size and you have to push them\nmanually to cut the grass. The blades are attached between the two wheels and\nthey are appropriate for mowing small patches of grass in the garden. There is\nno engine to operate this mower. So, you will have to push it around the areas\nthat you want to clean. The standard size of these mowers is 16” but you can\nget a bigger variant that measures 20” or even a smaller variant that measures\n14”. One of the benefits of the push mowers is that they are really\naffordable. Their price varies from $80 to $110 because of their manual\noperation and size.\n\n4\\. Gas or electric motor-powered mowers\n\nThere are various pros and cons of buying a gas or electric motor-powered\nmower. First of all, electric mowers are absolutely a gem because of their\nprecision and cleanliness. They are easier to operate and do not create any\nmess while you mow. However, they can run out of power if you don’t have two\nbatteries. The corded mowers are still okay but the size of the cord will be a\nchallenge. But if you are using cordless mowers, then you need to have a\ncouple of extra batteries charged up.\n\nGas mowers, on the other hand, can be more powerful and precise and electric\nmowers. According to Discover Ziehler, they have the ability to last longer\nbut there are a couple of factors that can get in their way. First, they\nrequire frequent maintenance so that the gas does not run out. You have to\nconstantly check the level of gas left in the mower so that it does not stop\nworking all of a sudden. The second thing is it creates a lot of mess while\ncutting the grass. That is something that the electric mowers do not have. You\nwill have to keep cleaning the grass after mowing for a few minutes so that\nthe blades can cut through better and quicker.\n\n5\\. Self-propelled mowers\n\nThese are all-wheel mowers that are quite heavy to drive around. They have the\ncapability to cut through grass quickly but their weight can be a challenge\nwhen you are going uphill. Make sure that you buy this model only when you are\nplanning to mow a flat lawn because, with so much weight, it will be difficult\nto maneuver the mower on various parts of the lawn.\n\n6\\. Riding mowers\n\nThose who find it extremely difficult to use a push mower or take a lot of\ntime to mow a small lawn, it will be better to buy a riding mower. This type\nof mower will offer the basic facilities of mowing. They are just push mowers\nwith an electric motor in the rear end so that you can drive the mower instead\nof having to push it around the lawn. In fact, this can be a cost-effective\nsolution if you don’t want to spend a huge amount on a mower but want to get\nthe job done somehow. They are easy to operate and can mow small gardens very\nquickly. Depending on the size of the mower, you can look to spend between\n$600 and $1000 to get one of these mowers for your garden.\n\nBuying a lawn mower can be a big investment. You will have to decide what the\npriorities are and then find the right type of mower according to the\ndifferent features given above. There are several varieties of mowers from\ndifferent brands that you can get but the size of the lawn and the comfort\nthat you want to get while cutting the grass can be two big factors to decide\nwhich type of mower will be best suited for your garden.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# House Cleaning 101: 5 Tips to Maintain Cleanliness in the Garden\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 12, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIt’s so nice to relax in your outdoor living space and spend time bonding with\nkids in your garden with fresh air, colorful flowers, trees, and green grass\naround. While it’s crucial to water the plants and mow the lawn, a beautiful\ngarden should be organized and clean. So, let’s check these helpful tips to\nmaintain the cleanliness in your garden!\n\n1\\. Remove Leaves and Branches\n\nDuring the fall season, dried leaves, stems, and branches usually accumulate\nin the garden. It’s important to clear your garden with these things and\nhuman-made rubbish to maintain a beautiful garden. Removing dry leaves also\nreduces pests from attacking fresh leaves during spring. Here are some helpful\ntips:\n\n * You can remove leaves by cleaning the garden yourself. You can also hire a rubbish removal service, like 1300 Rubbish Removal, if you can’t manage to do it due to your busy schedule or you have no appropriate tools available.\n * Pruning damaged branches and stems is a good practice to prevent plant diseases from spreading or damaging the whole plant.\n\n2\\. Keep the Land Clear\n\nWhile it’s crucial to keep your garden clear of fallen leaves or twigs, you\nalso need to ensure that:\n\n * You store garden tools, such as spades and rakes, in your garden shed to avoid accidents and keep your garden clutter-free.\n * Dispose of leaves, stems, and branches into a compost heap or separate bin. You can recycle them and use it as fertilizer for your plants.\n\n3\\. Prevent Soil Erosion\n\nSoil erosion can extremely mess up your great garden design, including its\nlayout and your plants, too. The soil gets eroded because of heavy rainfall\nand winds. You can prevent soil erosion by:\n\n * Growing plants that can protect the soil against wind or water movement (e.g., yellow foxtail, blue fescue)\n * Building raised plant beds\n * Using rocks as resistance for loosening the soil\n * Hiring a professional garden landscape designer\n\n4\\. Clean Hardscape Elements\n\nDon’t miss to clean your garden décor. The hardscape elements of your garden\ninclude statues, fountains, pathways, and other human-made structures. You\nneed to ensure you don’t miss cleaning them. Here are some tips:\n\n * Garden gnomes or statues can promote mold and moss growth and can easily collect dust during hot seasons. Clean them regularly.\n * Garden fountains and ponds should be cleaned. Fill them with clear water. Don’t keep stagnant water in them.\n\n5\\. Get a Garden Hose Reel\n\nA garden hose can be a huge mess. It’s a smart idea to invest in a garden hose\nreel to keep the hose neatly gathered, making your yard feel instantly more\norganized and preventing slip accidents.\n\nConclusion\n\nMaintaining a beautiful and clean garden shouldn’t be stressful. You can\ndedicate 10 to 15 minutes a day or every other day to clear the garden of\nrubbish and clutter as a way of relaxing and as a bonding activity with your\nfamily.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# 6 Budget-Friendly Landscaping Ideas for Homeowners\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 12, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nLandscaping in a particular area gives you more than a pleasant sight as it\nalso relieves stress. A simple house with a beautiful landscape looks elegant.\nYou don’t need a professional gardener or a massive budget to achieve a\nbeautiful landscape. You can make your beautiful backyard without spending too\nmuch.\n\nAll you need are the following tips:\n\n1\\. Determine the space and topography of the area for landscaping\n\nThe space and topography for landscaping should be considered first. It’ll\ngive you a hint of how many and what type of plants to select, arrange and\ngrow in your backyard. It will also serve as a basis for your layout. When you\nhave a small yard, you can include flowering plants or potted plants in your\nlayout to optimize the space.\n\nIf you have a wide yard, you can plant large fruit-bearing trees. If you have\ntrees and you need to decorate it, use scaffolding. Check this link for cheap\nscaffolding.\n\n2\\. Make a simple layout or landscaping plan\n\nAside from visualizing how your yard would look beforehand, making a layout\nwill save you a lot of time, effort and money at the end of the day. Planning\nand putting everything you have in mind on a piece of paper can create a good\noutcome.\n\nIt helps you determine the available plants in your area and the kind of\nplants that best grow in your target site. Moreover, you’ll know what tools to\nbuy instead of buying every tool.\n\n3\\. Recycle used containers\n\nBottles whether plastic or glass could save you from pot needs. Today, a lot\nof home-gardeners create a sophisticated arrangement of containers blending\nwell with the plants. For instance, big plastic bottles can be carefully cut\ninto an artistic feature and could serve as pots for small plants or those\nwith shallow roots. Aside from keeping you a lot from spending, you are\nhelping the environment, too.\n\n5\\. Choose low maintenance shrubs and perennials\n\nSince landscaping is intended for a long-term plant arrangement, shrubs or\nperennials are ideal for it. Some plants look good for just a few months and\neventually wither and die. Some plants need to be watered most of the time and\nrequire the right amount of fertilizers to grow well. To save energy, time and\neven money, choose plants that can live for more than a year while growing\nbeautifully as they age. When you have perennials, you can save so much from\nbuying plants again and again.\n\nConclusion\n\nIf you’re a homeowner, you can create a beautiful sight right in the backyard\nwithout following all the conventional and expensive landscaping models. Your\ncreativity, determination, and action are the best capital for a low-cost yet\nelegant landscape. Remember that the key to successful landscaping is\nutilizing most of the available resources with careful planning with the right\nimplementation. As long as you’re happy and satisfied with the outcome, nobody\ncan question the quality of your landscape.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Pest Control\n\n# How to Kill Vegetable Garden Pests with Ease\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 12, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWhen it comes to harvesting the vegetables from your garden, you don’t want to\nfind out they’ve been destroyed by insects or pests. Luckily, it’s quite\nsimple to kill any pests that may be damaging your crops.\n\n * Slugs and Snails\n\nBoth slugs and snails are commonly found in gardens, but unfortunately, these\npests are notorious for damaging crops. Not only do they feed on crops, but\nthey also only come out at night, making it tricky to kill them during the\nday. Slugs and snails also lay many eggs, which can lay dormant for several\nyears before they hatch.\n\nIf you’re struggling with a slug and snail infestation, try a beer bath.\nSimply place small vats of beer around your garden. Slugs and snails are drawn\nto the yeast in beer. However, once they try to drink this yeasty beverage,\nthey will fall in and drown.\n\n * Aphids\n\nPerhaps one of the most destructive insects, aphids love to drink the sap out\nof any plant in your vegetable garden. They even spread diseases. If you\nnotice signs of an aphid outbreak, then you should make an organic insecticide\nout of dish soap.\n\nSimply mix a few tablespoons of organic dish soap with a quart of water. Add a\ncouple drops of orange or lemon essential oil. Spray this concoction directly\nonto your plants, making sure to fully saturate the leaves. This dish soap\ninsecticide is also effective at killing other vegetable garden pests,\nincluding mites, mealybugs, and whiteflies.\n\n * Cabbage Root Fly\n\nThe cabbage root fly is known for destroying vegetables by damaging the roots.\nThese pests lay their eggs at the base of plants. When the eggs hatch, the\nmaggots burrow deep down to the roots, where they feast. This can quickly kill\nyour vegetable garden.\n\nIf you notice damage to the roots of your crops or you find maggots on the\nroots, you can quickly remedy the situation by placing a cabbage collar around\nthe base of your plants. This will prevent any newly hatched maggots from\nreaching the roots.\n\n * Rodents\n\nRodents, including mice, rabbits, moles, and squirrels, are always looking for\ntheir next meal. However, you don’t want them feeding on your vegetable\ngarden. Spraying a mixture of soap, chili powder, and garlic onto your\nvegetables is one of the best ways to deter these pests. It even works to\nrepel beetles, slugs, leafhoppers, and borers. This mixture will also keep\nyour family pets out of your garden without harming them.\n\nIt doesn’t take very much effort to keep your vegetable garden healthy and\nfree of insects and other pests. Natural and organic products are often all\nthat’s needed to deter or kill these unwanted visitors.\n\nBe proactive all year long to ensure your vegetable garden thrives and kill\ngarden pests organically.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# 6 Essential Tools For Your Garden Maintenance\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 28, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWorking in a garden is not possible without any tools at hand. It requires a\nlot of tasks and having the right tools will make your garden maintenance\nplain sailing. Since there are a lot of gardening tools available, you might\nbe confused about which ones are essential or not.\n\nHere are some necessary tools that you will need to keep your garden looking\nat its best:\n\n1\\. Cutting Tools\n\nA huge part of gardening maintenance involves cutting and trimming small\ntrees, bushes, and other perennials. Hand pruners and loppers are essential\nfor these tasks. Pruners can be used for cutting stems and branches with a\nsmall diameter. Loppers are intended for larger branches.\n\nThese tools can be used for deadheading or regular trimming activities.\nPruning your bushes regularly will initiate healthy plant growth and will make\nit grow to your desired shape. Cutting tools is also essential during\nharvesting season if you grow fruit trees and vegetables in your garden.\n\n2\\. Lawnmower\n\nGrasses usually grow fast, most especially during the rainy season. Proper\nmaintenance of your lawn is essential in every well-maintained garden. You can\navoid it being bushy by investing in a lawnmower.\n\nGetting an affordable lawnmower is enough for your garden maintenance needs.\nUsually, these are the convenient types where you can easily use and store the\nequipment.\n\n3\\. Garden Hose and Water Sprinkler\n\nWater is essential in every gardening activity. Garden hose can facilitate,\nbringing the water supply to any area of your garden which makes it easier for\nyou. However, having a water sprinkler is good when you are working in\nplanters, plant boxes, and flower pots with delicate herbs and flowers.\n\n4\\. Wheelbarrow or Garden Cart\n\nHaving a wheelbarrow in your garden will make it easier for you, especially if\nyou do not have anyone to help you out. Garden maintenance also involves\nmoving and lifting objects such as garden soil, fertilizers, and pots.\nInvesting in a wheelbarrow will help you accomplish these tasks in a breeze.\n\n5\\. Shovel and Spades\n\nShovels and spades are useful when digging soil, edging, and even moving mud\nand large debris in your garden. Investing in a good one with high-quality\nmaterial will provide better garden maintenance. Make sure that you get it\nwith a handle that is comfortable on your hands and has a length that will\nprovide good leverage.\n\n6\\. Hand Trowel\n\nAnother garden essential is a hand trowel where you can use for various\npurposes such as transplanting seedlings in pots or trays, distributing soil\nin pots, and getting fertilizer in sacks. Having a well-made trowel will make\nyour garden maintenance a stroll in the park.\n\nNow that you know the essential tools needed to have a well-maintained garden,\nit’s now time to buy and gather them in stores. By investing in the right\ntools, you will avoid overcrowding your garden shed, and at the same time, you\ncan accomplish your gardening tasks in no time.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Electric Fly Swatters\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 28, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThe future of killing insects is bright with use of electric fly swatters,\njust hit with the rackets as the insect get electrocuted.\n\nHow is this possible then?\n\nOne would wonder why waste energy looking for insect and then hit? Why can’t\none use a traditional one? Okay, as aforementioned, the equipment uses\nelectricity, when one runs a pest; it has no chance of surviving as it is\nelectrocuted in coming into contact. Using this machine is fun, one can set a\ntournament with friends; the winner kills more!\n\nPros and cons of electric fly swatters\n\nIf one is wondering why it should bother him or her to have the machine;\nfirstly, it is a better way to do exercise. The scientific approach shows that\nthe practice calms the nerves, relaxes and relieves tension. Additionally, it\nis a game; one does not get bored all the way!\n\nHowever, the smelly nature of the fried mosquitos is not pleasant at all and\nthe sound produced when mosquitos are on the grid is annoying!\n\nCaution! The machine is electrified, handle with great care! Safety comes\nfirst!\n\n### The Best 5 Best Electric Fly Swatters\n\nBlack Flag Handheld Bug Zapper Racket\n\nThe machine boosts on its size that makes it suitable for women to use. Also,\nit is a powerful machine having the ability to produce 2750v. The alkaline\nbatteries used are purchased separately. The pros side is that it provides no\nsound when hitting an insect. Furthermore, it has been made in a manner that\nguards the fingers of the user.\n\n#### Zap-It! Electric Mosquito Racket\n\nThey have enjoyed a monopoly in the market for long. It is expensive and more\nfeature packed, but it is not as heavy as one would finally think. It is\npowerful too, producing 3, 000v. The machine operates on the rechargeable\nbatteries unlike the latter. It is more improved in a manner that the light\nfitted on it can attract insect, thus trapping them. The reviews from the\ncustomer are pretty encouraging!\n\n#### Zap-It! Mini Electric Mosquito Racket\n\nIt is light with a weight of 0.2 pounds making it possible for children to\nuse. It has similar features as those of other swatters.\n\n#### Koramzi Electric Fly Swatter\n\nThe light produced can serve as a torch; thus the rate of killing insect\nduring night-time is improved. The technical specification is weak, but it has\nthe lower price than the latter. Its batteries produce lower volts, 2,600v as\ncompared to the previous swatters. Also, it is heavy making its usage hard for\npoorly exercised muscles.\n\n#### PreciShock Electric Fly Swatter\n\nThe client’s reviews have placed it to be the best among the swatters. It has\n3,000 volts and can be used against large bugs. The product lacks 3-layer\nmesh, unlike the previous swatters. It operates on alkaline batteries, and it\nis much heavy with the weight of 0.7 pounds Electric Fly Swatters\n\nDo not waste time with insects in your house; get rid of them by electric fly\nswatters.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# How to Choose Garden Furniture: 5 Factors to Consider\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 24, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIn buying outdoor garden furniture, there are certain factors you need to\ncheck for first to ensure that you spend your money on furniture pieces that\nwill truly answer your needs. Budget is of course an important factor that you\nneed to consider in shopping for your home and outdoor furnishings, but aside\nfrom that, the other factors where you could use more helpful information\nabout include furniture material, style, size versus available space, comfort,\nand maintenance requirements. These five factors are further discussed in this\nsimple but essential guide to buying the right outdoor furniture.\n\nMaterial\n\nOutdoor furniture is typically made of materials that can resist the elements\nbetter, such as rattan, timber, wrought-iron, aluminum, and stainless steel.\nChoose natural plant materials for an easy outdoorsy feel, or more modern\nmetal materials for added character and spunk.\n\nStyle\n\nFurniture style largely depends on material. Small wrought-iron chairs, for\ninstance, usually have intricate designs that reflect the French style with an\nantique touch. Chunky timber benches inspire a more rustic ambience, while\nsleek stainless steel chairs offer sophisticated elegance.\n\nSpace\n\nTake out that measuring tape and work out how much space you actually have for\nyour garden furniture. Take care to leave ample space over for walkways and\nenough room for other movement; you don’t want your furniture to look like\nthey’ve been crammed in too tightly without enough elbow room left over. Note\ndown the measurements you have made and refer to it while shopping for your\noutdoor furniture, whether you’re just looking at online catalogs or visiting\nphysical furniture showrooms. Do not commit to buying furniture without\nchecking whether its dimensions will comfortably fit your available space. No\nmatter how elegant the design or high-quality the material, if the piece\ndoesn’t actually fit the area, it will be of no practical use to you and\nyou’ll end up wasting time, money, and effort.\n\nComfort\n\nYour garden furniture will not be there for mere display; they need to be\nfunctional pieces you can not only use, but actually enjoy using. The key to\nthis is checking for comfort before purchasing furniture pieces such as sofa\nsets, chairs, sun loungers, daybeds, and deck chairs. If you’re buying a\nrattan chair, for instance, sit in it and get a feel for fit and comfort. Is\nthe chair seat roomy enough to fit you front to back and side to side, but\nwithout having you feel dwarfed by its size? If it comes with a cushion—which\nis recommended, to prevent sagging over time—does it have ample padding? If\nyou’re shopping for a rattan dining set, check that the seat heights are\nappropriate for the table height, and that the table’s legs give the sitters\nplenty of clearance.\n\nMaintenance\n\nMaintenance needs are determined by furniture material. All-weather wicker\nrattan furniture will need a simple routine cleaning involving a soapy but not\nwet wiping using a soft cloth, and air-drying it afterwards. You may use a\nsmall toothbrush dipped in soapsuds to reach the small crevices in woven\nfurniture, but you would need to be careful not to soak rattan furniture. As\nfor aluminum, stainless steel, or plastic furniture, you can hose them down\nwith warm water to clear away airborne dust and dirt. With wrought-iron metal\nchairs made of more traditional heavy cast iron, you will need to protect them\nfrom rust by protecting them from rain exposure and performing routine\nrepainting.\n\nFor more information visit https://poshh.co.uk/\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# How to Do a Tree Removal Process in 5 Easy Steps\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 15, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nRemoving a dying or dead tree can be a very challenging task, especially\nbecause safety is a significant concern in the whole scenario. It is best to\nleave it up to the pros who have been doing this for a while.\n\nThe process is tree removal can be tricky, but the five steps mentioned below\ncould make it easy for you. So here are few things you need to keep in mind.\n\nSteps Involved in the Removal Process\n\nAfter examining the tree to check whether it is diseased, dying, or dead,\nthere are specific steps that need to be kept in mind. These steps may seem\neasy for homeowners, but it is always better to hire professionals to do the\njob.\n\n1\\. Clearing the Area – When you plan on removing a large tree, you will\nrequire a significant amount of space to let the tree lay flat after it is\nremoved. Therefore, you will have to estimate the height and accordingly clear\nthe immediate area in the vicinity.\n\nIn order to do so, you will have to sift through the tree. You need to see in\nwhich direction is the tree leaning naturally. It will be of great help in\ndetermining the best direction for the fall. If there are signs of decay,\nthere are high chances that the tree may collapse and not fall where it was\npreviously intended.\n\n2\\. Picking Up an Escape Route – Sometimes the tree may fall out of control,\nand in such situations, you will require a clear path to scape and run in the\nother direction. Keep a tab on the areas near the tree that does not have any\nobstacles. All in all, you have to be prepared for everything.\n\n3\\. Gathering the Right Equipment – when The size of the tree will determine\nthe kind of equipment you will need for cutting the tree down. You can either\ngo with a handsaw, but in case of larger trees, you will need a chainsaw. If\nyou do not have the right equipment with you just go for tree removal services\nwithin your location. For example if you are based in NSW, Sydney you can\nsearch for phrases like tree pruning Sydney, NSW to find services near to your\nlocation.\n\n4\\. Starting the Undercut and Backcut – After scoping the area out, you will\nhave a pretty good idea of the fall’s direction. You will have to cut a\n45-degree angle V-shape near the bottom then to induce the fall. After it is\ndone, a cut must be made from the opposite side as well.\n\n5\\. Moving away – Right after cutting the tree, you will have to walk away and\nalert others around you about the falling tree.\n\nAfter the tree has fallen on the ground, you will be able to remove the\nbranches very easily. You can also cut the log into several pieces for\ntransporting it away from the site.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Practical and Affordable Home Improvement\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 14, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nSocial life in Australia involves quite a few outdoor events, blessed as we\nare with such a wonderful climate for much of the year, though the weather\nisn’t perfect every day, which is why so many homes and businesses are adding\nsome cover for their outdoor areas. A shower of rain can really put a dampener\non your barbecue, or have customers trying to grab their bits and pieces,\nalong with their lunch, to scurry inside quickly. And of course, sometimes the\nweather is just too good, with a clear blue sky, without a cloud in sight,\nwith you and your guests cooking almost as fast as the food on the grill. Once\nmostly seen on camping sites, attached to the caravan or tent, the awning has\nfound a new lease of life not only to provide shade and shelter in the back\nyard, but for many of our favourite eateries too.\n\nFunctional and Simple\n\nOne of the beauties of an awning, is that it provides an excellent level of\ncover from the sun’s rays, and will keep everyone dry in all but very nasty\nand blustery storms. There is nothing really complicated about them and even\nthe kids can extend or retract them simply. While many choose the retractable\ntype operated by a simple crank handle, the motor operated variety sees it\nslide out smoothly, providing cover in seconds.\n\nAesthetics and Style\n\nAwnings are available in an immensely wide range of colours and styles, so you\ncan choose one which fits in perfectly with your home and surroundings, or\nchoose something bright and vibrant, to catch the eye and reflect your mood.\nRestaurants and cafes can similarly use them for advertising themselves, or\nkey brands available within, providing marketing opportunities as well as\nprotection.H\n\nSimple to Install\n\nFixed and retracting folding awnings in Melbourne and across the country are\nfinding themselves in more and more places around the home and business. We\nhave come to think of them as jutting out from a building to provide cover for\nthe garden deck, or the café, but are more frequently being used in other\nareas too. Many a balcony now sports an awning, to provide shade and cover,\nwhile people enjoy the elevated views. Freestanding models also offer the same\ngreat looks and protection for the swimming pool or an extended garden patio.\n\nFitting an awning to your property is an extremely simple and fairly cheap\nhome improvement, with the majority of installations installed in a very short\nperiod of time, especially when fitted to the side of a building. Any of your\noutdoor areas where you seek an extension to the natural shade provided can be\ninexpensively achieved. Not only do you have the benefit of the cover right\nnow, to keep everyone protected while you are in the property, it can also be\nbeneficial when it comes time to sell, by providing extra style and flare,\nthough you also have the option of swiftly uninstalling it and taking it with\nyou. Such is its versatility, it’s pretty likely to be able to be swiftly\nrefitted to your new home too.\n\nWith remote control options, as well as sensors for sun, rain, wind and even\ntimers, making the property look good while controlling the outdoor\nenvironment has never been so easy.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Smart Home Improvements That Boost the Value of your Property\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 14, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf you enjoy improving your home and are looking to add value to the property,\nwhile also providing a new level of comfort, there are many ways to do this.\nOf course, you can’t do everything at once and by prioritising your projects,\nyou can gradually add features, as and when you are ready. If you are planning\nfor next year’s home improvement projects, here are a few great ideas that\nwill boost the value of your home, while providing you with a new level of\ncomfort.\n\nPermanent Shading Solutions\n\nThe garden is an integral part of the living space for most of the year and\nshading is an essential requirement. Rather than mess around with that old\nrope and pulley system, why not install a state of the art folding arm awning?\nThere are established suppliers of folding arm awnings in Melbourne who tailor\nthe units to fit perfectly and with motorised solutions, you have effortless\nadjustment. A wide range of rich fabrics offer stylish and elegant shading\nthat blends in with your home, and as the units are fabricated to fit the\nterrace, you can be sure of a first-class installation.\n\nPlantation Shutters\n\nIf you want to add some character to your home, made to measure plantation\nshutters will do the trick. With a choice of real timber or composite\nmaterials, plantation shutters allow you to decide how much shade and privacy\nyou want, and by dealing with an established provider, you can examine the\nmany design options. Aluminium shutters are an ideal choice; easy to keep\nclean and there are some stunning powder coated colours to enhance your\ninterior. If you would like to explore the potential that plantation shutters\noffer, there are online companies that can easily be found with a Google\nsearch, and they would likely send a technician to your home to discuss the\nmany options.\n\nAluminium Roller Shutters\n\nThe ultimate in home security, made to measure aluminium roller shutters offer\nthe homeowner a whole host of benefits – aside from the obvious security –\nroller shutters greatly improve thermal and sound insulation, and storm damage\nis a thing of the past once you have roller shutters installed on the windows\nand doors. With a choice of motorised or hand cranked units, roller shutters\nare designed to blend in with the surroundings, with slimline frames and the\ninternal mechanism protected in aluminium casing. Auto locking ensures you\ndon’t go out and forget to fasten the shutters, and whenever you are away on\nholiday, you can rest assured that your home is safe.\n\nThese are just a few ways in which you can improve the home, and by searching\nonline for local suppliers, you can quickly get the ball rolling. Permanent\nshading in the form of a folding arm awning would be high on the list of\npriorities, and once that is covered, window shutters would complete the look.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Super Easy Homegrown Foods You Should Plant Now\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 4, 2019\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\n# Introduction:\n\nWe are all caught eating junk and fast food almost all the time. The toll it\ntakes on our health and bills are significant if you look at the accumulated\ncosts at the end of the year. Going green is the best option we have these\ndays. Given the nature of the planet’s health along with our individual\nhealth, we ought to start taking better care of ourselves. The benefits and\nprofits are far more than the effort required. Like growing your own food.\nImagine saving all the costs you could on food and be sure of its quality\nbecause it literally grew on your own backyard.\n\n# Top Tips for Homegrown Food Items:\n\nYou can have a long list of items that you can grow in your own home. You just\nneed to get a sense of what it takes to be a good gardener and you’ll be\neating your homegrown delicious vegetables in no time. You can also have a\ndigital setup with smart devices that can take care of the plantation for you.\nFor which, you can also have apps on your phones that allow you to monitor\ntheir growth and health so you can leave them without a worry.\n\n# Items to Grow:\n\n## Potatoes:\n\nWhen you are planting potatoes, make sure you do so in February or March.\nPotatoes are healthy and they can make for a great side vegetable that can be\nadded to any dish to make it worthwhile. Potatoes are grown in potato bags.\nAdd compost to the bag and keep adding compost when you see buds shooting up\nfrom the ground. Patience is the key with all vegetables and after 10-20\nweeks, you will start to see the foliage die back. That’s the time you should\ndig up the soil and get your potatoes.\n\n## Peas:\n\nIf you are looking for an evergreen veggie, you should try Peas. Not only are\nthey available all through the year, they only take 2-3 months to grow.\nAlthough some experts would advise a chicken wire or something similar to make\nthe stem erect. Peas are nutritious, tasty and go well with other ingredients.\n\n## Spring Onions:\n\nSpring onions are known for making any salad crunchy and enjoyable. One\nproblem with Spring Onion plants is that they can be a target of onion fly but\nif you plant mint near it, that should resolve the issue. These plants can be\ngrown in pots as well as under the ground. Try sowing them in March to provide\nfavorable conditions. You can expect the onions to be ripe in about 8 weeks.\nYou should let them flower before you harvest.\n\n# Conclusion:\n\nUse enhanced tech to help you grow your own food. You can search online for\nsmart sprinklers and monitor systems and read reviews like mobicip to get a\nbetter understanding of the kind of tech that’s available these days. Let’s\nuse our tools to save ourselves rather than to amuse ourselves.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Indoor Gardening\n\n# Easy Ways To Incorporate Plants Inside Your Home\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nDecember 28, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nMore homeowners these days are discovering the benefits of decorating with\nplants, and literally greening the home has been on trend in recent years.\nBesides adding glam and color to your home’s aesthetics, another advantage it\nprovides is wellness. They give off oxygen while absorbing carbon dioxide, and\nhelps purify the indoor air you breathe.\n\nWhen decorating with plants, it’s worth keeping these five tips in mind:\n\n * Group pots of greenery in odd numbers for a casual look. The symmetry of an even-numbered grouping makes the arrangement appear more formal.\n\n * To add interest, mix plants of various shapes, heights and widths.\n\n * Color choice depends on your preference. Similar hues provide cohesiveness but if you’re aiming for variety in your décor, opt for foliage featuring different colors.\n\n * Like plant color, pots can be expressions of your design taste. You can have a set arrangement using plant containers of the same color and texture, or use variety to lend a more eclectic ambiance.\n\n * As living things, plants have preferred conditions. Be aware of these needs and make them part of your houseplant care routine. Some thrive in a moist environment while others like lots of light.\n\nDecorating with houseplants\n\nIncorporating plants in your décor is not that difficult to do. Try bringing\nnature inside your home with these simple but stylish suggestions.\n\n 1. Empty corners in your home can be tricky to decorate, and plants provide a way for you to get creative. Putting indoor trees like yucca and ficus in colorful Huge Commercial Planters takes care of the awkward space.\n\n 1. Don’t throw away old dinnerware. Instead, use these to create tiny indoor gardens in your home. Arrange different kinds of succulents in a soup tureen, teacup or glass and top the soil with colored marbles to add more charm.\n\n 2. Think of indoor plants as living sculptures or artwork. Let them cascade over vessels to lend a sense of movement to your living room.\n\nAlternatively, mimic a still life painting with an assembly of tiny\nsucculents. Combine round and pointy shapes with shiny and matte surfaces,\ntying them together using a specific color scheme.\n\n 3. Create a green haven within your bedroom by trading one of your bedside lamps with a pot of fern or peace lily. Adding a sturdy plant in a sunny corner provides freshness. Greenery in the bedroom can help absorb pollutants from the air so that you breathe in purer air every time you get your beauty sleep.\n\nPlants are an affordable way to freshen up your interiors. Whether your style\npreference is modern, traditional, minimalist, or eclectic; there is greenery\nto match it. Different species provide you with a range of colors, textures,\nand shapes to choose from. When you incorporate plants in your design, you not\nonly breathe more life into your home but also enjoy the healing properties\nthey provide.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Ways You Can Protect Your Garden and Keep It Healthy\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nDecember 25, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThere are so many wrongs things that can happen to your garden. You will lose\nall you have worked hard to build if you are not careful enough. You need to\ntake some precautions to keep your garden healthy and productive.\n\nYou also need to protect your garden from pests, frost and freeze on winters.\nThis article will give you general tips to help you take care and protect your\ngarden:\n\n1\\. Weed Control\n\nWeeds compete for nutrients with your crops, thus your crops might not do\nwell. They also make your garden look untidy. There are several methods you\ncan use to keep weeds off your garden. Some of the methods include mulching,\nuse of chemicals or you can use the weed control fabric. The weed control\nfabric may not apply in all situations but it will surely help. There are\nother natural methods of removing and controlling weeds from your garden. Pick\none that is effective and affordable for you.\n\n2\\. Apply Well Decomposed Manure\n\nAlways ensure that the manure you use for your garden is fully composted. The\nbenefits of using well composted manure is that it produces high temperatures\nthat help kill pathogens in the soil. When it is not fully composted, it may\nintroduce bacteria or diseases to the soil that may harm your crops. For\nexample, when an infected plant is not fully decomposed, the infection is\ncarried back to the soil.\n\n3\\. Water Regularly\n\nIt is important that you water your garden regularly to keep your plants\nhealthy and lush. However, you need to ensure that you are doing it well. The\npathogens and bacteria in the soil also need water to grow and multiply. You\nshould water your crops at the root level only.\n\n4\\. Use the Row Cover\n\nHaving a garden row cover is a clever move for your garden. It helps shield\nand protect your garden in so many ways. The original use of the row cover is\nto protect your garden from frost and freeze during winter. The thick fabric\nis used to protect the garden from frost and freeze. It can be used to shield\nyour garden from pest and insects. You can use the lighter fabric row cover to\nkeep off the insects. In summer, the garden row cover is used as sun screen\nfor crops. Remember to leave the garden with enough air circulation when using\nthe row covers. Additionally, they help prevent instances of cross\npollination. This is important if you are keen on the variety of crops you\ngrow.\n\n5\\. Always Apply the Right Fertilizer\n\nApplying too much or the wrong fertilizer will not only damage the soil, but\nit might damage the roots of the crops. This affects their ability to absorb\nwater causing low yields. Know the type of soil in your garden and the\nsuitable fertilizer to apply.\n\nProper care and maintenance of your garden will give you great yields. Most of\nthese methods and tips are inexpensive. These tips will help you to take care\nof your garden.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Pest Control\n\n# Mosquito Foggers\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nDecember 25, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nNasty mosquitos can be one of the problems in a home. When they sting its\nitchy and may cause diseases. The foggers are handy in ridding them. They\ncreate a fog when the insecticide solution is sprinkled. The fog is able to\npenetrate into the depth of grass, trees and bushes making them the best\nalternative. Here are foggers worth trying; –\n\nBurgess 1443 40-ounces Outdoor Propane Insect Fogger\n\nThis propane fogger is a reliable product. It is a thermal fogger making it\nsuitable for outdoor use. It is effective in killing even in damp and marshy\nregions. It holds up to 40 Oz and uses the insecticide without wastage. The\nfog does not damage trees or shrubs when droplets fall on them.\n\nTri Jet ULV Non-Thermal Flogger\n\nThe fogger is easy to set up and use and operates using electricity. Though it\nhas not become very popular the few customers have expresses satisfaction in\nits effectiveness. The fogger can be used for both indoors and outdoors\npurposes. It is effective in eradicating mosquitoes, molds, spiders, roaches\nand bugs. It sprays 4000 sq. ft of territory and has a tank volume of 1\ngallon, the approximate insecticide needed for 1000 sq feet is 1 quart of the\ninsecticide. The fogger sprinkles up to thirty feet. After spraying the fog\ncovers the area to up to 25 to 30 mins. One defect is that it is expensive.\n\nBonide420 Fog-Rx Propane Insect Fogger\n\nThis propane powered fogger is effective in getting rid of mosquitoes and\nmidges. It is easy to operate and fast acting giving up to 4 days of mosquito-\nfree time. However, it requires safety measures as the flogging fluid can\nshoot flames mosquito foggers.\n\nBurgess 960 40 oz. Outdoor Electric Insect Flogger\n\nIt the successor of burgess 1443 however it uses electricity instead of\npropane. Very effective for outdoor use. A compatible insecticide is\nrecommended for use. Treatment may last 3 to 5 hours or longer offering\nprotection by vaporizing the insecticide killing mosquitos and other biting\ninsects. Dissatisfaction by the users has been expressed, stating that it does\nnot have any effect on the number of mosquitos.\n\nBEAMNOVA Mist Duster Blower Spray Gasoline Powered Mosquito Powered Cold-\nFogger Backpack Sprayer\n\nIts engine operates using petrol. Not only can it be used as a fogger but also\ncan also be used in pest control. It can also be used with both liquids and\ndust. Users feedback is positive, it is highly recommended for its speed and\nworks without any mechanical issues. However, it is expensive and assembly\nmanuals, to others, may not be so helpful.\n\nAerosol fogger\n\nAre simple and easy to use. There are very effective outdoors and kills\nmosquitos on contact when sprayed effectively.\n\nBlack Flag 190255 fogging insecticide works with a variety of foggers such as\nblack flag, burgess, and repel thermal fogger. When sprayed it kills the\nmosquitos and offer protection few hours up to 3 days. It’s well for use.\n\nHope the information above helps!\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Greenhouse 101: 3 Useful Tips Every Beginner Should Know\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nDecember 19, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nInvest in the correct seed starting supplies for your greenhouse.\n\nIf you’re looking for a gratifying hobby, cultivating your own plants in a\ngreenhouse may be right for you. To ensure your success as a beginner,\ncheckout the following tips:\n\nBefore you get a start plotting out your growing schedule, buy the correct\nmaterials. For starters, purchase the following basics:\n\n * Seeds or starters\n\nSeeds are the most cost-efficient option for newbies. You may also avail of\nstarters that are sold at plant nurseries.\n\nMake sure that you’re choosing durable and disease-resistant plants. Cultivate\nplants that are easy to care for and won’t die easily. Here are a few\nexamples:\n\n * Amaranthus\n * Aster\n * Basil\n * Cabbage\n * Carnation\n * Cucumber\n * Roses\n\n * Containers\n\nYou need suitable containers for growing your plants. Check that the\ncontainers you choose are deep enough to contain the plant’s root system.\nOtherwise, your plants won’t thrive. Additionally, make sure you sterilize\nyour containers properly before using them.\n\n * Sterile soil\n\nDo not plant on unsterilized soil as it may contain parasites and bacteria\nthat will harm your seedlings. If you still prefer to use soil that’s\ncollected straight from the ground or used before, sterilize it. The best\noption, however, is to invest your money and buy fresh sterile soil.\n\n * Fertilizer\n\nYou’ll need fertilizer to boost the growth of your plants. Note that most of\nthe commercial soil being sold in stores already have nutrients in them to\nfeed plants for approximately three weeks. So, be careful not to overuse\nfertilizer when you’re beginning. To be safe, give fertilizer a little bit at\na time. You may start by giving a diluted fertilizer solution and then slowly\nstrengthen the solution per week.\n\n * Wear appropriate clothes and footwear for gardening.\n\nMake sure to choose clothes that are fit for gardening chores. Interestingly,\nyou have to avoid wearing bright-colored outfits because these attract insects\nthat will follow you inside your greenhouse.\n\nMake sure you wear gardening boots that properly protect your feet while you\nwork in your greenhouse. Check out online sites such as workboothub.com for a\nlist of the best gardening boots you can choose from.\n\n * Install an adequate lighting system inside your greenhouse.\n\nIn late spring up to the summer months, sufficient light will reach your\nplants in the greenhouse. If you want to plant year-round, you need to invest\nin a supplementary lighting system so that you can continue to cultivate\nhealthy plants all throughout autumn and winter.\n\nWhen you’re starting out and have a small crop, a regular fluorescent strip\nhung 3 to 7 inches over your plants will be enough. Once you have a bigger\narea, upgrade your lighting system to LED grow lights. These are quite the\npopular choice as they conserve energy while lighting up larger areas.\n\nFollow these basic tips and continue to research the best practices for making\nyour greenhouse thrive. The effort you put into your very own greenhouse will\ndefinitely be worth it!\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Tips for Gardening During the Colder Months\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nDecember 11, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf you thought your gardening skills would be put to rest during the winter,\nyou were wrong. Your plants need you more than ever in order to survive\nWinter. While some plants are sturdy and capable of surviving a freeze, others\ncannot. Give everything in your garden a fighting chance to make it through\neven the coldest winter.\n\n### Keep Your Plants Warm\n\nWhen plants freeze, their cellular design is damaged. This often results in\ndeath. Avoid this from happening by keeping your plants as warm as possible.\nAt night, consider covering your plants with straw or fleece. Uncover them\nduring the day so they absorb plenty of sunlight.\n\nTrees, especially those designed to survive cold weather, are still\nsusceptible to damage. Instead of worrying about their leaves, it’s more\nimportant to keep their roots warm by pouring a thick layer of mulch around\nthe base of each tree.\n\nIf you have especially tender plants in your garden, they should be\ntransplanted to a pot. This way, you can easily move them indoors to a warmer\nenvironment such as a winter greenhouse until the temperatures outside rise\nonce again.\n\n### Prepare the Lawn\n\nDuring the winter, your lawn becomes very vulnerable. Avoid running and\nplaying on it as it may damage the surface. Instead, make winter a time when\nyour lawn gets to rest.\n\nIt’s also important to fertilize your lawn during the winter so that it gets\nenough nutrients to thrive. If you saved all of the leaves and trimmings from\nautumn, then you should have a hefty compost pile. You can also bring in\nadditional loam to ensure your lawn is properly cared for.\n\n### Bring in More Trees\n\nPlant new varieties of trees and shrubs in your garden. The soil should be\nperfectly moist for new roots to grow deep into the ground. Choose species\nthat are known for being hardy during the cold months, like evergreens.\n\nAdd mulch around the seedlings to keep them warm and protected. If the weather\ngets too windy, it may be necessary to tie the tree to a stake for additional\nsupport. Any snow or ice should be gently removed from the branches as soon as\npossible.\n\n### Care for the Birds\n\nBirds and other wildlife are vital to the health of your garden. Beautiful to\nwatch, they also eat insects that may otherwise damage your plants. That’s why\nyou should place some feeders around your property. You’ll be pleasantly\nsurprised by the assortment of winter birds flying into your garden for a meal\nevery day.\n\nTemperatures are dropping so do not ignore your garden. In fact, you need to\nspend even more time tending to the needs of your plants to ensure they\nsurvive until spring.\n\nBy taking the necessary steps to carefor your garden now, you’re sure to have\na beautiful, blossoming garden comewarmer weather. If you need any tips, look\nfor a local tradesman skilled at gardening.\n\n### Click Here for a Free Garden & Greenhouse Magazine Subscription\n\n### Click Here for a Free Garden & Greenhouse Email Newsletter Subscription\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Indoor Gardening\n\n# 5 Reasons Why You Need an HVAC System for Your Grow Room\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nDecember 6, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf you have decided to flex your green thumb on an indoor basis rather than\noutside, you’ve likely given a great deal of thought already to the prospect\nof building a grow room. This can be conducted in various spaces throughout\nthe home, depending on the size that you need. Some people are fully satisfied\nwith a closet-sized space, while others require an entire master bedroom to\nconduct their growing operations.\n\nOne thing that remains consistent in any of these situations, however, is the\nnecessity of recreating a natural environment for one’s plants. This includes\nlights and water sources, and also a fair amount of HVAC-related tech. While\nthe necessity for ventilation is well-known in these circumstances, what’s\nlesser known is exactly why this is.\n\n### Airflow\n\nYou’ve probably been in a room with no airflow before. No windows to open, no\nfans to run, making the air stifling and thick. This isn’t fun to deal with,\nand it’s no fun for your plants, either. Adequate airflow mimics the air that\nthey would receive if they were growing naturally (i.e. outdoors), which can\nstrengthen the stems of plants as they grow.\n\n### Temperature\n\nWhen growing indoors to keep your business private or simply to produce a\ngreater yield than you could with whatever outdoor space is available to you,\nmonitoring the temperature of your grow room is key. Grow lights throw a\nsubstantial amount of heat, but it’s important that the room not be made too\nhot by the temperatures produced by your lighting-system. This can be\nalleviated, to a degree, with the implementation of lights that throw a bit\nless heat.\n\n### Humidity\n\nThe humidity in the air is another thing that you will need to pay diligent\nattention toward if you are trying to grow anything inside. Excess moisture in\nthe air, paired with the heat given off by your growing equipment, can result\nin mold and completely ruin your crop. A properly installed HVAC-system will\nremove extra humidity in the air and make it easier to keep track of the\nhumidity levels in your grow room.\n\n### Ventilation\n\nChances are, you want to avoid making the outside of your house reek like the\ninside of your grow room. The most effective way to minimize or even eliminate\nthis issue is to install a ventilation system that will filter out the smell\nof your growing crop. You’ll also want an HVAC-system with a high-quality MERV\n13 filter that will keep the air in your grow room as healthy as possible-a\nplus for you and your plants.\n\n### Technology\n\nGrowing-indoors means that there are a lot of specific steps that you must\ntake to ensure a proper growing environment. Essentially, one must synthesize\nthe environment of the outdoors (particularly from a region wherein the plant\ngrows especially well). This means that there is a lot of tech going into this\nproject, and you want to get the most out of it.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Essential Heavy Equipment For Your Garden Maintenance\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nDecember 3, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nDo you find yourself always tending to your lawn and keeping it neat?\nGardening is one of the most therapeutic hobbies you can do at home. Some\npeople even level up their landscaping hobby by purchasing tools and types of\nmachinery to grow and cultivate their plants properly. Gardening can be\ntedious if you get into it seriously and you’ll need some extra help using\nheavy equipment to maintain your garden.\n\nHere are some of the essential heavy-duty equipment you might want to start\nusing:\n\n 1. ### Skid-steer Loader\n\nA skid-steer loader consists of heavy equipment parts like wheel bearings and\nloader-arms. It can also have various attachments depending on the kind of\nwork you want to do – if it’s snowing, you can clear out the snow in your yard\nwith a snowblower attachment or if you need to do excavating jobs you can\nattach a backhoe to it.\n\nFor a typical homeowner, a small-frame skid steer is best in doing\nlandscaping, hauling, and moving garden materials. Since it is lightweight and\ncompact, it’s easy to maneuver around. It’s a base motor equipment for several\nheavy-duty tasks and its versatility can save you more money in the long run.\n\n 2. ### Landscape Tiller\n\nHaving a cultivated soil is always best for making a great garden for your\nbackyard. Your soil is the foundation for creating planting beds to growing\nyour vegetation by having it neatly leveled, graded, and pulverized.\n\nYou will need a landscape tiller to make your soil ready for planting – it\nneeds to be broken apart due to rocks, weeds and mostly compacted soil that’s\nhard to tackle. The tiller will do the heavy labor for you; it will also mix\nup the compost so that your land will be conducive to planting your flowers,\nvegetables, or even Bermuda grass.\n\nSeasons change, and you need to grow several different kinds of plants that go\nwith it, and tilling the soil makes it easier for your plants to grow\nabundantly.\n\n 3. ### Lawn Tractor\n\nMowing is an activity you need to do to keep your yards neat and trimmed. If\nyou’re just starting to landscape your residence, you may want to purchase a\nsmall lawn tractor. These are often called ride-on lawnmowers which are\nmotorized and are suitable for medium-sized lawns going up to an acre.\n\nThese types of mowing tractors have advanced features, a wide-array of\nadjustable cutting decks, and come with better engines. Research on what kind\nof tractors are right for your area and this will definitely be an excellent\ninvestment for you.\n\n### Conclusion\n\nYour garden, an outdoor space in your house, is in need of tender loving care\nthroughout the year. Weather changes from time to time and it may affect your\nsoil and plants; you need to prepare yourself in doing hard labor for a number\nof times to maintain your landscape. Gardening is not a simple task, but it’s\nworth doing when you see your flowers bloom in your backyard.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# A Homeowner’s Guide To Shed Organization: The Do’s And Don’ts\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nNovember 26, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nYour shed is a beneficial part of your property, but it is usually overlooked\nand undervalued. It is where homeowners store unused items, tools, supplies,\nand anything that won’t fit inside the house, so things get quickly out of\ncontrol if you’re not aware of the do’s and don’ts of shed organization. Let’s\nget started!\n\n### Shed Organization – Do’s\n\n 1. #### Determine If DIY Or Ready-Made Garden Sheds Are Right For You\n\nWhile you can save creating your DIY shed, why not look at great garden sheds\nonline? These are ready-made are now available to make your life a lot easier.\nIt is crucial to have a well-designed garden shed because it usually stores\ndangerous substances. Ready-made garden sheds are engineered and built by\nprofessionals to ensure that homeowners will have less hassle organizing their\nstuff. If you’re ready to get organized, make sure that your existing shed can\nhandle order. If not, invest in a new one.\n\n 2. #### Organize With Shed Shelving\n\nShelving is an essential aspect of shed organization. Before you start piling\nthings in your shed, be sure to have an adequate number of shelves. Organize\nthe items according to what you use the most. For example, you can store\neveryday tools within easy reach and somewhere where you can easily see them.\nStow rarely used items on top. To prevent nasty incidents, put bulky or heavy\nitems at floor level.\n\n 3. #### Declutter Your Home\n\nIn your free time, it would be nice to declutter your home to get rid of the\nthings you need to throw away. Sometimes we store unwanted items in our shed\nthinking that they can still be used in the future. However, they may get\ndamaged over time, rendering them unusable. Remove residential rubbish as\nearly as possible to prevent accumulating trash in your shed. You can always\nrepurpose old cupboards and shed furniture to save money.\n\n 4. #### Use Shovel Racks\n\nYour hardware and cleaning tools, like forks, spades, hoes, and brooms are all\nnecessary, so you need to organize them in a shovel rack. You can create a\nshovel rack from a piece of plywood with slots or using an old pallet. Attach\nthe shovel rack securely on the wall.\n\n 5. #### Use Pegboard\n\nAttaching pegboard on the walls enable you to hang all types of tools, making\nthem accessible and also saving space. You can hang your power tools, hand\ntools, sprinklers, hoses, paintbrushes, and gardening shears. Make your\npegboards fun and bright by painting them with different colors which also\nserve as codes for tool organization.\n\n 6. #### Use Household Items For Storage\n\nSmall metal items, such as screws, clips, pins, nails, bolts, and other\nhardware bits can be stored in repurposed mason jars. A door shoe organizer is\na good place to store your seed packets.\n\n 7. #### Use Hooks\n\nHooks are your best buddies in your garden shed. You can use them to hang\ntools such as secateurs and trowels. Hook your tools on a shower curtain rail,\nold palette, or a window frame.\n\n 8. #### Use The Ceiling\n\nConvert ply boards into a useful space or shelving up top. You can hang your\nbig bikes from the ceiling so that you can reclaim some floor space. You can\neven use an old PVC pipe as a fishing rod holder.\n\n 9. #### Use Magnets\n\nMagnets can do wonders for shed organizing. A magnetic tool holder and\nmagnetic knife rack can store pliers, files, screwdrivers, and other metal\ntools.\n\n 10. #### Hang Your Garden Hose\n\nYou can make a perfect hose hanger out of an old bucket or cable-spool. A\nwall-mounted cylinder or an old car wheel can be converted into a hose hanger.\nBy doing so, your garden hose is accessible and ready whenever you need to\nwater your geraniums, organic veggies, and all sorts of your plants in your\ngreenhouse or garden.\n\n### Shed Organization – Don’ts\n\n 1. #### Store Paint\n\nStoring paint in your shed will leave it unusable over time due to temperature\nfluctuations. Store paint in dry places where the temperatures are low, such\nas closet indoors or basements. Contact your local recycling agency to dispose\nof old paint.\n\n 2. #### Store Pet Food And Paper Products\n\nPaper products, such as napkins and paper towels, and pet food can attract\nrodents and bugs. Store these products separately and away from high\ntemperatures.\n\n 3. #### Use Your Shed As A Dumping Area\n\nImmediately dispose of trash and don’t dump unused items in your shed. If\nyou’re 100% sure that items are not usable anymore, it is best to get rid of\nthem.\n\n### Conclusion\n\nOrganizing your shed can be fun and exciting, allowing you to use your\nresourcefulness and creativity. There are many things you can find at home\nthat can be repurposed as shed organizers. While you can create your DIY\ngarden shed, you can always purchase ready-made garden sheds online if you’re\ntoo busy or don’t have the interest to build one. Every home repair and\nmaintenance activity is made easier and faster if you have a well-designed and\norganized shed. Happy organizing!\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Care & Maintenance for Outdoor Furniture\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nOctober 29, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf you’ve invested a lot of money in outdoor furniture, or you are thinking\nabout buying a new outdoor item, you should know how to maintain and care for\nit to ensure its longevity. Due to its location, outdoor furniture is more\nprone to deterioration. If you keep to a schedule and clean your furniture on\na monthly basis, it helps maintain a good appearance and makes your furniture\nlast a lot longer.\n\n### Wicker Furniture\n\nYou’ll find some lovely pieces of outdoor furniture made from wicker, to\nensure you keep these items looking great, you must maintain them in the best\nway possible. Outdoor wicker furniture can be easily cleaned using a garden\nhose or pressure washer. All you have to do is remove the cushions and spray\naway excess dirt. There may be some stubborn stains on the furniture, so it is\nadvisable to use warm water and soap to tackle these areas. Once the wicker\nhas dried, you can apply a wax to the frame to protect the furniture, if your\nwicker isn’t water-resistant, you’ll need an added layer of protection.\n\n### Metal Furniture\n\nMetal furniture is very easy to care for and maintain, it is highly durable\nand simple to keep clean. Most types of outdoor metal furniture like wrought\niron and aluminium can be cleaned using soap and water, they don’t require any\nspecial type of cleaning solution.\n\nModern outdoor metal furniture is coated with a protective adhesive, this is\ndesigned to protect the material from rust and corrosion. If you purchase\noutdoor furniture in Melbourne from a reputable supplier, the items should be\nrust-free and rust-resistant. If the metal isn’t, you’ll need to buy a wax\nadhesive from your local hardware store to protect the material. If you don’t\ntake steps to protect the metal, it will start to corrode and lose its visual\nappeal. Corrosion can affect your furniture’s structural integrity, making it\ndangerous to use.\n\n### Fabric Furniture\n\nThis type of outdoor furniture does require a little extra attention, it isn’t\nas durable as other items on the market. Some types of cushions gather mildew,\nwhile others are mildew resistant, it all depends on where you buy your\nproducts. If you need to clean them, you’ll have to use bleach and solution to\nkeep them looking new.\n\n### Umbrellas\n\nMany homeowners forget that umbrellas need to be cleaned and maintained on a\nregular basis. Umbrellas are great for several reasons, they help to protect\nother outdoor furniture by providing cover from the sun during the hot summer\nmonths. If they’ve been in storage, they’ll need to be thoroughly cleaned once\nopened out. It is important to oil the joints and wash the cover using a soft-\nbristled brush.\n\nIf you plan on looking after your outdoor furniture and keeping it looking\ngreat well into the future, you must clean and maintain each part. Outdoor\nfurniture is a great investment, especially during the summer months when you\ncan really enjoy the weather. If you fail to maintain your furniture, it will\nquickly degrade and lose its visual appeal.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Deep Clean Your Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nOctober 25, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nPlants love the warm, humid, cozy protection of a greenhouse. The problem is\nthat pests and diseases do also. We have to get rid of them to keep our\nprecious plants healthy. A deep cleaning does not only that but also improves\nthe overall aesthetics of the greenhouse. It’s a job—there’s no doubt about\nthat, but it helps if you break the chore down into the simple steps below\nrather than careen from one task to another and back again. Luckily enough,\nthe folks at HousewaresInsider.com have compiled a short list of handy steps\nto follow.\n\n### Clear Out\n\nThat would be everything: plants, soil, weeds, debris of any kind, containers,\nequipment, clutter that somehow made its way into your greenhouse. There can\nbe no place for any creepy crawlers or pathogens to hide\n\n### Sweep\n\n“Shop vac” or sweep down walls, internal structures and peripherals, such as\ntables, benches and containers. Start at the top where dangerous organisms\nlurk in such places as rafters and window ledges. Clean the floor of the\nassorted debris that gathers there: soil, organic matter, weeds, broken\npottery shards.\n\n### Scrub\n\nNow scrub or power wash everything. If you use soap, be sure that it is a\ngentle, natural soap that leaves no residue. Otherwise, rinse very thoroughly\nto remove any residue. Hydrogen peroxide-based products are both user- and\nenvironment-friendly. Garden disinfectants work fine, as do specialty\ngreenhouse cleaners combining sulfuric acid and wetting agents. Whatever you\nuse, it is of utmost importance that you follow manufacturer’s directions.\n\nWood tables and benches and any concrete areas (and, actually, any textured\nsurface) need special attention. They are favorite places for root rot\ndiseases, algae and insects to breed. If you are going to reuse containers,\nclean thoroughly to remove all soil and debris even if there has been no\nproblems with disease.\n\n### Let the Sun In\n\nPlants need all the sunlight they can get. Keeping the glass clean is a “must\ndo.” Begin by lifting of any moss or algae with any utensil that won’t scratch\nthe glass, but you really can’t beat those plastic plant labels that can get\ninto every crack and crevice. Wash the glass with a firm brush and a mild all-\npurpose liquid cleaner that doesn’t need rinsing. Open the windows to speed up\ndrying and give the hinges a quick fix of WD-40 while you’re at it.\n\n### Clean Gutters and Water Butts\n\nTo clean the gutters, put on rubber gloves and scoop out the accumulated\ndebris. Use a wire coat hanger to “ream out” the top of fall pipes. Then use\nthe hose to sluice away the remaining dirt.\n\nTo clean water butts, tip over to drain out any standing water. Scrub out the\ninside with a coarse brush and rinse with clean water.\n\n### Maintain\n\nAre you ready to resolve to keep the greenhouse clean? Not only to save\nyourself work but also because it’s easier and less expensive to prevent\ninsect infestation and diseases than to deal with them once they have settled\nin. Some routine preventive measures:\n\n * Sanitize tools, containers and equipment immediately after use,\n * Wash your hands prior to contact with plants, soil or equipment,\n * Wash your gardening gloves after use,\n * Keep a pair of shoes or boots to be used only in the greenhouse,\n * Keep plants (and the floor) free of weeds,\n * Toss diseased plants immediately, and (believe it or not)\n * Avoid bright-colored clothing, especially yellow or blue—you’ll attract insects who will “stalk” you right into the greenhouse.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# Why Tree Lopping Should Be Avoided\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nOctober 16, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nTrees are an essential component to any outdoor area, as they provide\nessential shading and screening, not to mention a healthy dose of greenery\nthat gives the garden texture and depth. Most Australian homeowners are\nfamiliar with the term “tree lopping” and while you might think that lopping\nis something to be carried out at certain times of a tree’s life, research\nsuggests that this practice is actually harmful to the tree.\n\n### Definition of the Term “Lopping”\n\nFor many people, tree lopping can mean any of the following:\n\n * Tree Pruning\n * Branch Trimming\n * Tree Shaping\n\nAccording to the Tree Protection Act of 2005, it is illegal to lop a tree, and\ntheir definition of lopping is to make cuts at the fork of a tree between the\nbranch unions, while the correct practice, pruning, is to cut branches after\nthe union, which allows the tree to develop in a healthy way. Lopping a tree\nis likely to cause severe xylem dysfunction and decay in the major branches of\nthe tree and this will result in the tree forming a layer of new wood around a\ndecaying core, which can be very dangerous.\n\n### Mature Trees and Lopping\n\nIf a mature tree actually survives the lopping process, it will require very\ncareful management as the tree develops, with extra weight being added by the\nnew growth, while the dysfunctional inner core is not able to hold this extra\nweight. Rather than cutting off a main branch, the branches that run off the\nmain bough can be trimmed back to a point just after the branch union and this\nachieves the objective, yet does not harm the core sections of the tree.\n\n### Eco-Friendly Tree Care\n\nIf you think your garden trees need some attention, source an eco-friendly\narborist and one that understands that tree lopping is not advisable under any\ncircumstances. If the tree is in a bad condition, perhaps removal is the best\nsolution and with stump grinding, all remnants will be removed and you can use\nthat patch of ground for something else. While there might be many companies\noffering tree lopping in Perth, look for one that complies with the Tree\nProtection Act and therefore does not practice tree lopping – which is also\nknown as tree topping.\n\n### Tree Pruning & Shaping\n\nA qualified arborist will employ pruning techniques to reshape a tree or\nremove dead branches, which is not harmful, in fact, correct pruning promotes\nhealthy growth. An arborist would know how a tree can be cut back without\ncausing damage and always has the tree’s best interests at heart. Shaping can\nbe carried out in such a way that the removed branches will not hinder healthy\ngrowth and rather than simply taking away branches to achieve the desire shape\nand size, the arborist will only remove what he can without harming the tree.\n\n### Specific Exceptions\n\nThere are cases when tree removal is not the best solution and if the tree is\nold, then lopping is a manageable way to help the tree finish its lifecycle.\nThe lopping would be a precursor to removal, which might be scheduled a few\nyears from now, yet the instances when tree lopping is suitable are rare\nindeed.\n\n### Safety First\n\nLarge trees can weigh anything up to 50 tonnes and lopping such a tree could\nvery easily put people and property at serious risk. There would be no outer\nsigns of a problem, as the core timber is decaying slowly, and with so much\nweight to support, some species simply crack under the strain, sending a bough\nof a few tonnes crashing to the ground.\n\nOnce you have managed to locate a qualified arborist, it is advisable to let\nhim schedule any tree work that needs to be done. He would know the best time\nof the year to prune back and would ensure a balance of natural beauty and\ngood health.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Is it Safe to Garden Near your Septic System?\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nOctober 10, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nFood is the source of survival for every living thing. Yet, if contaminated,\nit can become the foundation of sickness, caused by bacteria. This can happen\nwhen food is grown in contaminated soil. Is it safe to garden near your septic\nsystem? No, it is not safe for vegetables. The water and wastewater\nmeasurement are too difficult for the non professional gardener.\n\nIllnesses caused by foods planted near or on septic systems:\n\n * Cryptosporidiosis\n * Shigellosis\n * coli\n * Campylobacteriosis\n * Gastroenteritis\n * Encephalitis\n * Hepatitis A\n * Giardiasis\n * Leptospirosis\n * Salmonellosis\n * Typhoid Fever\n\n## What are some problems that might develop from vegetables planted around or\non a septic system?\n\nToo many of these illnesses have occurred throughout history to ignore them,\nor the environment that causes them. Vegetables may flourish with any kind of\nfertilizer. Yet, that does not mean it is good for the body. Pollutants grow\ninto food and food goes into the body. Therefore, you want to keep the food\nhealthy from the seed.\n\nPlants can get rain-splashed soil from the contaminated area. It is necessary\nto wash any plant before cooking. However, a plant touched by septic bacteria\nmay not respond to washing and bacteria may spread to other parts of the home.\n\nSome plants help septic system absorption. Plants that are not deep-rooted\nassist the system without choking septic lines. Plants take nutrients, and\nthis helps the soil absorb better. However, choose plants carefully in order\nto avoid destroying the septic system, which will cause expensive repairs.\n\n## Will Plants Become Infected by Contamination?\n\nThis is something home gardeners are usually not equipped to decide. Clay soil\nprovides good absorption. Therefore, a bacterium is unable to move very far\nfrom the septic area. However, sandy soil is not as accommodating, and\ncontaminated materials move further. Since sandy soil does not provide the\nsame level of absorption that clay, soil does. Contamination danger is\nincreased. There are few people planting gardens who are soil experts.\nHowever, some are just beginning to try at gardening and need assistance with\nfinding the right spot to plant vegetables.\n\n## Will septic chemicals harm plants near the septic tank?\n\nIf plants are kept above the ground, and there is no danger of splash. You can\ngrow them in a septic system area. It is possible to put mulch around the\nplant so there will be no splash. However, rather than risk contamination, it\nis better not to grow leafy veggies. Plants placed on structures that keep\nthem above the ground can be grown. However, if you are a lazy gardener and\nlet plants grow any way they like, it would be better if you kept vegetables\naway from septic system areas.\n\nGrocery stores and cooking shows are filled with beautiful produce. They make\ngrowing vegetables look so easy. Nevertheless, bacteria catch the\nprofessionals off guard while growing vegetables. This is even more reason to\nstay away from planting vegetables near septic systems.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Building your Dream Home? 5 Reasons to Choose Hybrid Flooring\n\nPublished\n\n2 years ago\n\non\n\nSeptember 27, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf you are planning on building your dream home anytime soon, your thoughts\nwill invariably turn to flooring materials sooner or later. You might prefer\nsolid hardwood floors or perhaps Italian marble, but if the budget simply\nwon’t stretch to top end flooring, the next best thing is hybrid flooring,\nwhich is a combination of vinyl and laminate. Hybrid flooring is fast becoming\nthe floor material of choice for Australian homeowners and when you consider\nthe many benefits, it’s hardly surprising.\n\n 1. Stunning Range of Finishes – Technology allows for a high-resolution digital image to be digitally printed onto a very thin membrane, which is just under the outer protective layer of the hybrid flooring. The wide range of finishes includes many timber grains, such as oak, ash, pine and walnut, while marble, granite and travertine finishes are ideal for lovers of stone. The finish is scratch proof and waterproof and very easy to keep clean, making it an obvious choice for Australian homeowners.\n 2. Completely Waterproof – The core of the hybrid flooring plank is made from a mixture of resin, bamboo dust, limestone and virgin PVC. With a solid timber floor, one is always worried about a liquid spillage, yet with hybrid flooring, you can absorb all of the liquid with a sponge or some thick tissue.\n 3. Soft and Silent – Thanks to a thin cork underlay that is attached to the underside of the hybrid plank, the flooring is both soft and silent, making for the perfect walking experience. This cork layer absorbs any slight movement and also acts as an insulator, preventing moisture rising up from the substrate. Once the floor has been professionally laid, there will be zero movement and sound, and with super scratch resistance, you have an elegant, yet extremely durable floor surface.\n 4. Great Value for Money – When you consider that you can have the looks and durability of solid timber or stone for a fraction of the cost, it isn’t hard to understand why hybrid flooring has taken the market by storm. The surface is protected by a specially formulated, scratch resistant outer membrane and the material is incredibly durable.\n 5. Easy Installation – Hybrid flooring can be laid on any substrate and it comes in plank form, which is as easy to cut as timber, and with every length having a special cork backing affixed, there is no need for underlay. It is advisable to order from a supplier who will install the flooring, thus ensuring a smooth and trouble-free installation.\n\nHybrid flooring is ideal for high traffic areas like the kitchen and hallway\nand as the flooring is completely waterproof, it is the perfect choice for the\nbathroom. If you would like to know more about hybrid flooring, an online\nsearch will help you to locate a local supplier and with their help, your\ndream home will be complete.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# 3 Essential Steps to Keep Your Lawn in Great Condition\n\nPublished\n\n3 years ago\n\non\n\nAugust 31, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nCreating and maintaining a beautiful garden takes hard work and dedication,\nbut the results are certainly worth it. Great gardens come in all shapes and\nsizes, and contain a number of elements, but at their heart is always one\nthing of especial importance: the lawn. Your garden lawn should always be the\ncenterpiece of your garden, so if it looks damaged or out of shape, the garden\nas a whole won’t be seen at its best. Don’t worry, we’ve come up with this\nhandy three-point guide that will help you get a lawn you’ll be proud of all\nyear round.\n\n## Optimal Watering\n\nWe all know that lawns need watering, especially during the hot, dry months of\nsummer, but just how much should you water them and exactly how should you\nwater your lawn? The first thing to note is that the soil type will determine\njust how much watering it needs, with sandy clay soils needing less watering\nper session than heavy clay soils, but as it holds less water it will need\nwatering more frequently. Generally speaking, your lawn will need at least an\ninch of water per week during cooler months and an inch and a half per week at\nthe height of summer. It’s also best to water your lawn in the early morning\nhours, particularly during the summer when hot temperatures can cause water\nevaporation before it sinks into the clay beneath the grass.\n\n## Lawn Aeration\n\nAerating your lawn is a simple process, but when done correctly the results\ncan be spectacular. Put simply, aeration is the act of punching holes in your\nlawn, and this is especially important if your lawn sees heavy usage. Over\ntime, a lawn’s soil becomes increasingly compact, making it difficult for\nwater to drain away and for it to receive the air and nutrients it needs to\nthrive. By making holes of approximately three inches in depth, the soil has\nroom to move and breathe, and this leads to a much healthier and vibrant lawn.\nAeration can be done by hand or via a special aerating machine, and it should\nbe done at least once a year to soil that’s relatively dry.\n\n## Use Organic Fertilizers\n\nIt’s important to fertilize your lawn if you want it to stay looking great\nthroughout the seasons, but some fertilizers contain harsh chemicals which can\nbe harmful to you and your family, wildlife, and plants. That’s why we\nrecommend the use of natural, organic fertilizers, and as an added bonus a\nrecent study into the effectiveness of lawn fertilizers by the prestigious\nTexas A&M University found that organic materials worked better than synthetic\nones.\n\nWhen your lawn looks good, you’ll enjoy spending time there even more, and it\nwill also be a great place to meet and greet house guests. Lawn care and\nmaintenance can be as simple as watering it correctly, using organic\nfertilizer and aerating it on an annual basis.\n\n### Click Here for a Free Garden & Greenhouse Magazine Subscription\n\n### Click Here for a Free Garden & Greenhouse Email Newsletter Subscription\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Reasons Why You Really Should hire a Skip for Your Rubbish Needs\n\nPublished\n\n3 years ago\n\non\n\nAugust 20, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nMany of us like to work in the garden in the UK and sometimes, we like to do\nsome home renovations as well. As with all work, there is always stuff left\nover that we don’t want anymore, but there is nowhere to put it. The laws in\nthe UK are quite strict regarding the dumping of unwanted rubbish, so it makes\nsense to take all the stress away and give it to a company who want to deal\nwith such things. These companies come in the shape of skip hire companies and\nthey have proven themselves to be invaluable.\n\n### Great Selection\n\nThere are a number of different skips available for hire and they range from\nsmall mini skips to large skip hire in Milton Keynes and surrounding areas.\nThere are skips available that you can just walk your rubbish into them and\nothers that have a lockable lid to keep undesirables out. Whatever you need,\nit is very likely that these skip hire companies will have the skip for you.\nThe ease in which you can get one is great. You just make a simple phone call,\ntell them what kind of rubbish you want to dispose of and they will send the\nright skip around to you immediately.\n\n### Choosing Correctly\n\nWhen it comes to choosing the right size of skip for your job, this can be a\nlittle difficult. Choose one that’s too small and they will have to come back\nagain and again. Choose one that’s too big and you end up paying money for\nsomething that you don’t need. The best way is to describe the type of job you\nare intending to do and the people at the skip hire company will advise you\nbest. Be sure to make sure that there is an area where the skip can be put\ndown quite easily.\n\n### Very Affordable\n\nFor those of you that may think that hiring a skip is expensive, you couldn’t\nbe more wrong. Hiring a skip has never been cheaper and when you think of the\nalternatives, then you know you are getting good value for money. Try to do it\nyourself and you are getting yourself into territory you really don’t want to\nbe in. You need to find transport, load it all up and then unload it all again\nat the dumping site and maybe have to do it numerous times until it’s all\ngone. The alternative is to pick up the phone, order a skip and they take it\naway when it’s full. It’s easy.\n\n### Environmentally Friendly\n\nNot only are you getting rid of your rubbish responsibly, but you are also\ndoing your bit to reduce your carbon footprint and to protect Mother Earth.\nThese skip bin companies do all they can do to recycle everything that they\npick up and they will only dispatch it to the dumping site when they have\nexhausted all avenues.\n\nHiring a skip has never been easier or cheaper and there is really no excuse\nfor not hiring one, and getting all your rubbish taken away responsibly.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Pest Control\n\n# Get Control Of Your Garden By First Knowing Who The Enemy Is\n\nPublished\n\n3 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 27, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nEvery now and then, people encounter intruders in their gardens and they don’t\nknow how to react. Unfortunately, there are many different animal species that\ncan infest your garden and live off of your vegetables, fruits, or even\nflowers. The thing is, it’s kind of impossible to expect that everyone will\nknow everything about potential infestations and pests.\n\nThat’s why people aren’t strangers to exterminators and wildlife experts,\ndepending on what type of animal we’re talking about. Although, something can\nbe said which I think most people would love to hear. In short, you’re\nentirely capable of dealing with an infestation yourself. You don’t need any\nexpensive services and people that’ll deal with the infestation instead of you\n(of course, if you tried everything and nothing works, the exterminators are a\ngood option).\n\nIn this article, we’ll be talking about how you can gain control over your\ngarden and what’s in it by identifying what type of animal is bothering you.\nWe’ll also mention something about how to get rid of mice in the garden (as\nthey’re also a type of pest that may annoy you).\n\n### Identify the Enemy\n\nEach pest can be dealt with as long as you know what you’re doing. But before\nyou actually start researching about the various methods to get rid of vermin\nfrom your garden, you’ll need to figure out what exactly is ruining it.\n\nThe most common pests found in the garden are raccoons, mice, rats, and\nothers. With the exception of mice and rats, killing wildlife isn’t exactly\nallowed (unless you have a permit, and some US states don’t allow those\neither).\n\nYou best hope that you’re dealing with mice or rats because it will take a bit\nmore effort for anything else.\n\n### Prepare your Defenses\n\nOnce you’ve identified the enemy, you’ll be entirely capable of setting up\nyour defenses. When talking about mice or rats, your best bet would be to get\ntraps. And, luckily for everyone, there are many different traps available.\nFor example, snap traps are great against mice but not very effective against\nrats.\n\nThen again, there are specific rat traps as well. But, if we’re talking about\nraccoons, squirrels, or even moles – you won’t exactly be able to kill them.\nJust to be safe, make sure you use live traps (otherwise called catch &\nrelease traps). Also, bait choice is very important so be sure to educate\nyourself on this as well. Peanut butter should work great for most pests, but\nagain, knowledge is everything.\n\n### Conclusion\n\nAnd that’s basically it. Place your traps in potent trap locations such as\nentry points (doors, windows...), and throughout your garden. Also, make sure\nyou keep your garden clean and without clutter. Most pests will have to find\nshelter, water, and food. The entire process isn’t difficult, but if you, for\nwhatever reason, can’t clear out your garden – call the professionals.\nAdditionally, ask them for some tips so if there’s another infestation, you\nhave a bit more knowledge with you!\n\n### Read More Articles\n\nNatural Pest Control for Greenhouses and Indoor Gardens\n\nNatural Pest Control for the Garden\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# A Guide to End of Summer Garden Maintenance\n\nPublished\n\n3 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 27, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThe British summer can be unpredictable at the best of times and this year we\nseem to be enjoying an ongoing heatwave of epic proportions and as the summer\ndraws to an end, it is time to think about some pre-winter gardening. It is\nnatural for all plants and fauna to sleep during the colder months and there\nare some important jobs to get out of the way before autumn sets in, which\nwill help your flowers, trees and shrubs better deal with the onset of winter.\n\n * Heavy Dose of Watering – In the heat of the summer, your lawn and border plants will require a healthy regular dose of water, especially the lawn and this helps to prepare for the winter. This should begin when the temperature starts to climb and should be ongoing, right up until the sun loses its power and the light evenings recede. If your water sprinkler system and hose have seen better days, it might be time for a replacement and with online garden suppliers, you can order from the comfort of your own home.\n * End of Summer Pruning – When all of the flowering varieties have finished blooming, you should prune back a little and not too radical, especially for younger plants and shrubs. Remove all dead branches and the pruning will add some shape to the bushes and shrubs and help them to prepare for the winter shutdown. Trees should also be pruned at this time and if you are not confident working at heights, it might be an idea to call in your local landscape gardener, who is fully equipped to safely prune and trim even large trees.\n * Halt Fertilization – It is never a good idea to fertilize past the end of August, as this will stimulate new growth at a time when the plants should be doing the opposite. While fertilization is important in the spring and summer, it should be ceased before the cold weather sets in.\n * Spike the Lawn – This can be done effectively with a garden fork, if you don’t have a separate tool and this will ensure that the grass receives the right amount of nourishment. This is especially important if your lawn has bad drainage and don’t forget a liberal watering once the spiking has been completed.\n * Cut the Lawn Higher than Normal – As the warm weather recedes, you should raise the lawnmower cutters a notch or two, as the extra grass length will aid the lawn to deal with the impending frost.\n\nIf you are lacking in gardening tools, there are online suppliers of all\nthings horticultural and they typically have end of summer sales, so\npurchasing tools and other essentials at this time is a god idea. The harsh UK\nclimate does mean your plants, trees and shrubs are well equipped to deal with\nthe winter and by including all of the above as the summer draws to an end,\nyou are helping your garden to prepare for the cold season.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Stylish and Elegant Shading Solutions for the Modern Home\n\nPublished\n\n3 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 25, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf your home is just how you want it, you’ll no doubt have spent a lot of time\nand money transforming your living space into the perfect place for rest and\nrelaxation and, of course, like every Australian homeowner, the outdoor area\nis an important part of that. With such glorious summers, shading is an\nobvious requirement and finding something in keeping with the overall concept\ncan be more than a challenge. It isn’t only about keeping the sun at bay,\nthere is also aesthetics to consider and with the latest generation of\nretractable awnings, you can create an attractive shading solution that\ncomplements the property.\n\n### Bespoke Shading Solutions\n\nWhether you require an awning attached to the side of your home or have a\nspecial stand-alone area you want shaded, talking to an established outdoor\nawnings supplier is the best solution. They would have many years of hands-on\nexperience in supplying and installing customized shading in both domestic and\ncommercial settings. There are no off the shelf solutions for exterior shading\nand it very much depends on the setting as to the system that is best suited.\nRetractable awnings offer the ultimate choice as you can enjoy as much or as\nlittle of the sun as you choose and with motorised units, there’s no effort\nrequired for adjustment.\n\n### Choose a Profile that Works for You\n\nThere are several tried and tested retractable awning systems, each with its\nown advantages, and by enlisting the help of an experienced supplier, you can\nbe sure to select the most suitable for your needs. Folding arm systems are\nvery popular, as they open and close with ease and are not obtrusive in any\nway, while drop arm awnings are ideal for balconies and large windows that\nrequire shading. There’s something for every setting and with made to measure\nunits, you are sure of a perfect fit.\n\n### Stunning Fabrics that Won’t Fade\n\nThe wide range of rich colours and patterns allow you to be creative and with\nthe highest quality acrylic fabric, you can be sure of a long lasting\nsolution. Awning coverings are typically tested in harsh desert environments\nwhere the sun beats down relentlessly all day, so you can be sure the fabric\nis more than a match for the Australian climate.\n\n### Permanent Shading at Affordable Prices\n\nInstalling a retractable roofing system really does give you all the choices\nand the system is under a long warranty and with a little maintenance here and\nthere, your shading will provide you with many years of trouble-free use. You\nwould be forgiven for thinking you’ll need to take out a second mortgage, but\nin reality, even the best quality retractable roofing system is affordable for\nall. An online search will bring up a list of local suppliers and with some\nbrowsing, you can select a suitable company and invite them to inspect your\noutdoor area.\n\nStylish and attractive shading is now possible and with made to measure\nsolutions, you are certain to be impressed with the outcome.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Landscaping\n\n# 4 Good Reasons To Hire A Lawn Care Company\n\nPublished\n\n3 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 23, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nPeople often lack the time or resources needed to engage in Do-It-Yourself\nlawn care. In such\n\ncases, great lawn care companies come in to help with proper lawn maintenance.\nGood lawn\n\ncare companies offer local residential and commercial lawn care services. Here\nare some good\n\nreasons to hire a lawn care professional:\n\n### Top 4 Reasons To Hiring A Lawn Care Company\n\n#### 1\\. Hiring A Lawn Care Company Saves Time\n\nOne of the major reasons why people hire lawn care companies is always to save\ntime. For\n\ninstance, people who want to practice Do-It-Yourself always experience\nbreakdowns. This is\n\nbecause they always have to sit down and do some research on lawn care as they\nplan on what\n\nneeds to be done.\n\nTime will also need to be invested on when driving to different stores to\npurchase seeds,\n\nfertilizers, equipment and different tools that can be necessary for such\nprocesses. A lot of time\n\nwill also be needed during mowing and maintaining the lawn.\n\nComparing the time it takes to engage in Do-It-Yourself against contacting a\nlawn care\n\ncompany, the latter saves time. Professionals already have the tools and\nequipment necessary\n\nfor lawn care.\n\n#### 2\\. They Have Professionally Trained Expertise\n\nOne doing their lawn on their own doesn’t guarantee that there won’t be any\nmess made on the\n\nlawn. Professionally trained expertise have the necessary skills to care for\nthe lawn without\n\nmessing around. Experts always know what they are doing because it is\nsomething they have\n\ndone for several years and have a good experience of it.\n\nHiring a lawn care company for their services is the best thing to do since\none’s expectations\n\nare always high for better results in the end. This is usually of their\nknowledge, experience,\n\nexpertise, and skills they have.\n\n#### 3\\. Cost-Effective\n\nDue to the volume of work lawn care companies do, they have their costs\nsubsidized. This\n\nmeans that when one wants to try Do-It-Yourself, they always have to purchase\nexpensive tools\n\nand equipment required for the job which might cost them a lot of money.\nUnlike when one hires\n\na professional lawn care company, the money they would have used to buy the\ntools will be\n\nsaved and used something else.\n\nMost lawn care companies can always take equipment loans and pay them\nincrementally\n\nthrough contracting work. Ordinary individuals would take a fortune to pay off\nsuch loans as\n\nequipment used for lawn care are costly. This means that money will be saved\nby using it on a\n\nlawn care company.\n\n#### 4\\. Lawn Care Company Are Liable For Damages And Injuries They Cause\n\nA good lawn care company should be insured and licensed to prevent one from\nbeing liable for\n\ninjuries or damages cost by lawn care companies. This means their clients\nwon’t have to worry\n\nabout proper storage of chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides or how to\napply or dispose\n\nof these chemicals. When inexperienced technicians handle these chemicals\nincorrectly, they\n\ncan cause harmful effects to the environment.\n\nAre you looking for a Lebanon lawn care company in Ohio? Contact us to find\nout more about\n\nour services and how we can be of help.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# Understanding Skip Hires\n\nPublished\n\n3 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 17, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\n### Skip Hire and Recycling Materials\n\nThe days of filling a skip up with just about everything you can think of, and\nit being taken away and thrown in a landfill have long gone, and today, skip\nhire companies have become serious professionals in recycling. Most skip hire\ncompanies already recycle more than 90% of everything that comes their way,\nand some even offer a discount when you are filling a skip with certain\nmaterials only, where a 100% recycle is possible, and also if you pre-sort the\nwaste before putting it into the skips. In fact a skip hire company today, is\nable to provide recycled building products, at very competitive prices, in\naddition to its main line of work. If you have a building project and are\ngoing to be needing a skip, it may pay to have it delivered full of materials\nyou can use in your building works and save even more money.\n\n### Skip Hire Documentation\n\nThe days of parking a skip anywhere you like are gone too, as council and\nGovernment regulations on just about everything continue to tighten. If your\nskip is going to be parked on the street, rather than private property, you\nwill require a license from the council and will have to adhere to several\nregulations, regarding having it lit at night and be placed where it will not\ncause interference to emergency vehicles, or other traffic. If you hire a skip\nin Doncaster or Dover, you will also probably be required to fill out\ndocumentation, declaring exactly what the skips contents are, with further\nrestrictions, if any of it is potentially hazardous.\n\n### Getting the Right Sized Skip\n\nIt is very easy to underestimate the amount of material you are going to\ngenerate when working on a project. Whether it be a renovation, a landscaping\nproject, or even just a good old fashioned spring clean and clearing out of\nthe garage, it is advisable to talk to your local skip hire company. They have\nlots of experience and will be able to advise you on which size to choose.\nRemember, that as recycling is important and discounts may be offered for\ncertain materials, you may find it more cost effective to hire more than one\nin smaller sizes. Either way, it pays to talk about what you are doing and\nlisten to the advice.\n\n### Choosing the Right Skip Hire Company\n\nSkip hire is generally very competitive, so many of the quotes you are given\nwill likely be quite similar, with how far the company has to travel to drop\nit off, and pick it up, being key influencing factors. However, it is\nimportant to choose a company that has experience and multiple vehicles and\nskip sizes available, especially at short notice, so always ask if they can do\nsame day delivery. The last thing you need is for a full skip to be sat at the\nbottom of your driveway, not only looking like an eyesore, but slowing up the\nwork on your project.\n\nSomeone entering the business with a single lorry, might offer attractive\nrates, which is great until the vehicle breaks down or has an accident. Many\nwork diligently to recycle, so do your bit for the environment and rent from\nthose who keep things green.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Home Care & Living\n\n# How Skip Hire Can Help with a Garden Revamp\n\nPublished\n\n3 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 6, 2018\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nOnce winter has passed and the first hint of summer arrives, it is time to\nturn your thoughts to the garden and whether a basic tidy up or a full on\nrevamp, you will generate a lot of waste. There is lots to do to keep a garden\nlooking good and well maintained, like cutting the grass, weeding, pruning and\ngenerally clearing up dead leaves and twigs and rather than heaping it in a\ncorner, hiring a suitable size skip ensures that your garden waste is\nresponsibly removed. Garden waste is not classed as general domestic waste and\ntherefore cannot be put into bags and left for the dustman and if you are soon\nto be sorting out your garden, here are a few reasons why skip hire is\nrecommended.\n\n * So Easy to Hire – Getting a skip delivered to your home couldn’t be any easier and if you are wondering, “Is there skip hire near me?” An online search will reveal the whereabouts of a local provider who will ask you questions in relation to your needs. Once they know what you need a skip for, they can best advise you on the kind of skip that would be most suitable and also the size. Once you are happy with their recommendation, the skip will be delivered to your home. When it’s full, give them a call and they will come pick it up and take it away. It really is that easy.\n * Available in Many Sizes – Depending on your project, skip bin hire companies can offer you a number of sizes and types of skip bin. For the small garden jobs where there isn’t much to take away, there are mini skips that would be very suitable. However, if you have decided to undertake a big landscaping job for your garden then you are going to want to rip out a lot of plants and trees to make way for your new plants. This is when the bigger skips come into play and you can even get a skip that you can just walk into and dump your garden rubbish. No lifting over the side, just walk right in with your wheelbarrow. You can also get them with lockable lids to keep dogs and critters out.\n * Reduces Your Carbon Footprint – By hiring a skip bin, you are doing your bit for the environment. If it is tree cuttings and other wood debris that you are dumping, the skip company will be able to recycle this material and maybe have it ground and mulched down to provide fertiliser for distribution to someone else. Nothing is wasted and they are experts in green waste and they know exactly how to deal with it. You get all your garden rubbish taken away and Mother Nature gets a break. It’s a win-win situation.\n\nNext time you have some garden waste to dispose of, give your local skip bin\nhire company a call and let them do take away the hard work!\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Attract Wildlife to Your Garden with These Tips\n\nPublished\n\n3 years ago\n\non\n\nNovember 22, 2017\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIt’s not just humans who enjoy gardens, in the right conditions they can also\ndraw in a whole host of wildlife. There’s nothing more pleasurable than\nquietly watching animals go about their business right in your back garden,\nand taking in the wonder of nature. The following tips will help you to make\nyour garden a much more attractive place for wildlife, and turn it into a\nhaven for all sorts of different animals.\n\n### Choose Your Flowers Carefully\n\nFirst things first, you’ll want to carefully plan the flowers that you grow in\nyour garden. If you want your garden to be full of wildlife, then you should\nopt for flowers which provide pollen and nectar for a long period of time. So-\ncalled “double flowers”, and flowers which are big and over-blown due to years\nof cultivation, are a definite no-no. On the other hand, choosing a mixture of\nflowers that bloom in the spring, such as crocuses, to those which bloom well\ninto the autumn, like Michaelmas daisies and ivy, will ensure that your garden\nis always a hub for bees and other insects. What’s more, it will also bring a\nsplash of color to your garden for a longer period of time- giving you more\npleasure from your garden, and making it more attractive to birds, too.\n\n### Invest in a Bird Feeder\n\nBy far the easiest way to attract wildlife to your garden is to invest in a\nbird feeder and to put out food for birds. This will bring them in all year\nround, especially in winter, when your food could mean the difference between\nlife and death for them. The great thing about a bird table or bird feeder is\nthat it’s impossible to miss the birds that come swooping down to have a\nnibble at what’s on offer. A bird bath is another good addition to any garden,\nsince you’ll be able to see the visiting birds rinse themselves off, which is\nalways a treat.\n\nTwo things to bear in mind with bird feeders: firstly, make sure that the\nfeeder is high up enough that no neighborhood cats will be able to jump up at\nthe birds when they come to eat. Secondly, you’ll want to put out a mixture of\nfoods such as sunflower seeds, fat balls, and peanuts to supplement the birds’\nnatural diet of berries and nuts. If you’re lucky, you might even see the odd\nsquirrel pop up for a bite to eat!\n\n### Add a Water Feature\n\nA simple pond is an excellent way of attracting all sorts of animals, such as\nfrogs and newts, to your garden. This doesn’t have to be particularly big- in\na pinch, a mere container of water will do. While it can be tempting to put\nfish in the pond, these will scare off any smaller creatures, and may be eaten\nby larger birds like herons, so think carefully before you head to the pet\nshop. You’ll also want to ensure there’s a sloping side to the pond, so frogs\nand the like can easily get in and out. Finally, be patient and allow water\nplants to grow naturally- creating a mini-ecosystem that will draw in a whole\nhost of creatures.\n\n### Let Nature Take Its Course\n\nThose of us who love our gardens will naturally want them to look their best.\nHowever, consider easing back on that cleaning if you want to see more animals\nin your garden. By leaving out piles of leaves and twigs, you will be giving\ncreatures a tempting place to live, as well as food for the winter months. So,\nlet those perennials grow, and perhaps tuck a pile of stones away in the\ncorner of your garden to give amphibians somewhere to hibernate safely.\n\nInformation for this article was provided by LawnMowerHut.com.\n\n### Click Here for a Free Garden & Greenhouse Magazine Subscription\n\n### Click Here for a Free Garden & Greenhouse Email Newsletter Subscription\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Preventing Pest Infestations in a Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n4 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 25, 2017\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThe spring season brings new beginnings for plant growth. The landscape\nbecomes green again and multitudes of colors and fragrances fill the air as\nflowers break through the ground’s surface. The new life brought on by spring\nis rejuvenating for horticulturists. It is not just plants and flowers that\n“come alive” during this time of year. Just as new plant life emerges all\naround us in spring, new life for pest insects is also resurrected. As\ntemperatures rise and the summer months approach, more and more insects leave\ndormancy and begin new life cycles. This is why it is so important for\ngreenhouse gardeners to be aware of and take counter measures against pest\ninsects during the spring and early summer seasons. In many cases, a few\nsimple preventative steps can reduce the likelihood of a devastating pest\ninsect attack.\n\n### Sanitation\n\nSanitation is the number one defense against pest insect infestations. Keeping\nthe greenhouse and the plants clean and tidy can do wonders in preventing pest\ninsects and pathogens. Periodically wiping down the surface of the greenhouse\nand removing dead or dying vegetation will greatly reduce the possibility of\npest insects. Plants should be closely monitored for pest insects on a weekly\nbasis (at the very least).\n\nIt is a good idea to set up a quarantine area in the greenhouse. Whenever a\nnew plant is purchased or gifted, it should be quarantined immediately for a\nweek or two to ensure it does not harbor pest insects. After the quarantine\nperiod is over and the plant has received a clean bill of health, it may join\nthe other plants in the greenhouse. Bringing new plants into a greenhouse is\nthe most common way a greenhouse gardener will introduce pest insects into his\nor her own garden. If pest insects are observed on any new plant, it should be\nthoroughly treated before being introduced to the other plants in the\ngreenhouse.\n\n### Monitoring for Pests\n\nAs previously mentioned, it is important for greenhouse growers to monitor\ntheir gardens for any signs of pest insects. Yellow sticky traps are great\ntools for monitoring a greenhouse. Yellow sticky traps are similar to fly\npaper in that they “catch” flying insects in a glue-like substance. By closely\nexamining the yellow sticky trap, a gardener can see if and what types of pest\ninsects are present in the garden. Yellow sticky traps allow a horticulturist\nto identify potential problems before they get out of hand.\n\n### Identifying the Pest Insect\n\nIdentifying the pest insect early and accurately is vital to stopping a few\npest insects from becoming an infestation. When monitoring the plants, there\nare some tell-tale signs that will indicate which pest insect a gardener may\nbe dealing with.\n\n#### Spider Mites\n\nThe first sign of a spider mite problem usually shows up in the form of yellow\nspeckling on the surface of the leaves, which is caused by the insects sucking\nnutrients from the underside of the plant leaves. The speckling from spider\nmite damage will resemble light yellow spray paint misted on the leaves.\nCloser examination of the bottom of the leaves will reveal clusters of very\ntiny red mites and their eggs. A magnifying glass may be necessary to see\nthem. In more extreme infestations, webbing may be found in-between or on the\ntips of branches and leaves. This webbing looks very much like a spider web\nand is how these nasty bugs received their name. Spider mites are difficult to\nget rid of and require a miticide for treatment.\n\n#### Mealybugs\n\nThe first sign of mealybugs is normally cotton-like, fluffy masses found in\nthe crotches or joints of the plant, typically near young tender growth. These\ntiny “cotton balls” are actually clusters of the slow moving mealybugs. These\nbugs can reproduce and lay eggs every seven days, so they should be treated\nimmediately to reduce any possible contaminations. It’s difficult to kill the\neggs, often in the soil, so it’s important to treat for live mealy bugs every\nfive to seven days for three to four weeks to terminate all adults before they\nbecome mature enough to lay eggs.\n\n#### Fungus Gnats\n\nThe first sign of a fungus gnat problem is typically the small, mosquito-like,\nblack or gray insects that fly around aimlessly. They are most prevalent right\nafter a watering or when the soil is disturbed. Fungus gnat larvae look like\ntiny, light-colored worms that wiggle around in the top layer of soil. They\ncan sometimes be seen “dancing” in standing water after a feeding.\n\n#### Thrips\n\nThe first sign of a thrip issue is usually “shiny streaks” that show up on the\nsurface of the leaves. The shiny trails are actually the areas of the leaf\nwhere the thrip larvae have been feeding. Gardeners may also notice tiny black\nspecs on the leaf surface; this is actually the larvae’s fecal matter. To the\nnaked eye, thrip larvae resemble fast moving grains of rice. The larvae can be\nmany different colors, but are usually yellowish-green.\n\n#### Scale\n\nThe first sign of scale is usually a protective covering or bumps on the stems\nand stalks of the plants. The females lay eggs underneath the protective\ncovering, which will hatch in one to three weeks. The newly hatched nymphs\nleave the protective covering as tiny white specs and move around the plant to\nfeed. Nymphs insert their piercing mouthparts into the plant and begin to\nfeed, gradually developing their own protective covering as they turn into\nimmobile adults. Scale do not pupate and may have several overlapping\ngenerations in one season. A scale infestation is difficult to eliminate and\nrequires a systemic insecticide.\n\n#### Treatment and Control\n\nEarly detection and treatment diligence are the keys to eradicating pest\ninsects. A gardener can start treatment with an organic or all-natural\ninsecticide that is designed for the particular pest insect he or she is\nbattling. Yellow sticky traps are effective in capturing most flying insects,\nsuch as fungus gnats and white flies. Denatured alcohol is highly effective as\na combatant against mealy bugs and scale by wiping it on the infected areas\nwith a cotton swab or small paint brush. Pyrethrum is an organic derivative of\nthe chrysanthemum plant and is extremely effective against many greenhouse\npest insects. Pyrethrum is the primary ingredient in several commercial spray\nproducts commonly available at most garden centers. In some cases, a pest\ninsect (scale and mites), cannot be controlled with an organic or all-natural\napproach.\n\nWhen this occurs, the gardener may need to implement a systemic chemical\ncontrol. Systemic pesticides, such as Orthene, are effective against pest\ninsects because they enter the plant’s tissue and kill the bugs as they feed\non the plant tissue. Regardless of the treatment program, horticulturists\nshould always use caution and be sure to read the manufacturer’s directions\nfor application.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Vertical Gardens\n\n# Make Indoor Vertical Gardening Convenient and Fun\n\nPublished\n\n4 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 12, 2017\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIt is always fun and fascinating to transform one of the walls of your home\ninto an indoor vertical garden. It is not only easy and convenient to create\none of these but it also never fails to add a little bit of color and\nfragrance to your room.\n\nThe vertical indoor gardens take up very small space when you make use of best\nbench top jointer. By making an indoor vertical garden in your room will add\nfresh blossom and also a splash of bright colors in your room.\n\nThere are various advantages of making your indoor vertical garden that will\nboost you in making one. Some of the benefits are as below:\n\n * Clean air: Plants are the best way to purify the air that surrounds you. The plants that you will plant in the vertical garden will help in the collection of dust, which is one of the greatest health benefits.\n * Great artwork: The gardens that hang upside down on the walls not only look beautiful but also attract the eyes of every person that enters the home. When you make a vertical indoor garden you make a great artwork on your wall without much difficulty.\n * Reduction of clutter: The plantation of vertical gardens reduces the stress and difficulty that you have to face in cluttering the pot plants. Also, the vertical gardens are more convenient and render great health benefits.\n\nIt is sure that by now even you want to make an indoor vertical garden in your\nhome, right? Now the next question that arises is how to make it? There are\ndifferent ways in which you make the best garden without much hustle. The\nvarious ways that you can make your home wall even more fascinating are as\nbelow:\n\n 1. Grand Living Wall\n\nTo get a perfect, fascinating look on your wall, you can always rely on making\nvertical gardens on a grand living wall of your home. It is always advisable\nto use 100% recyclable plastic free modular systems when you start making your\ngarden. This way you can have flourishing flowers that in your home without\nany side effect.\n\nYou can also grow wall vertical gardening system that makes use of great\ncreativity in designing your grand wall and giving it a completely new look.\nYou can also flourish them with best insulators that will help to keep your\nroom cool in summer and warm in winter.\n\n 2. Simple and Pretty Solutions\n\nIf you do not wish to plant the garden on the grand wall of your home, you can\nalways start with making simple, stylish and small garden alike greenery on\nyour wall. For instance, you can make use of recyclable plastic to make a\nsmall and stylish modular system that is easy to clean and much fascinating.\nThe rustic frame is one of the best frames that come from reclaimed wood, and\nyou can hang the frame anywhere you want in your home.\n\nLastly, you can add a blackboard frame with the plants. It will help you to\nknow the names of the plants and give them water accordingly.\n\n 3. Beautiful Alternatives\n\nWhen you are adding beautiful flora on your walls, it is advisable to even add\nsome fauna to it. The addition of fauna to flora will add beauty to the\nfascinating walls. You can pick some of them from hippo, elephant or even\nrhino.\n\nAlso, you can grow vegetables or herbs on the walls and then later transport\nthem in your meals, and by doing so, you get to eat fresh and healthy. You can\nmake Stands for your small plants with the old milk bottles. Lastly, you can\nalso use the DIY plant stands as a décor on your dining table.\n\n### How can you build your Indoor Vertical Garden without any Difficulty?\n\nBy simply following the basic five steps you can do your indoor vertical\ngardening without much hustle.\n\nStep 1: Hanging the pocket planter at a place where it gets sufficient amount\nof sunlight.\n\nStep 2: Properly measure the distance from the wall and then space the\ngourmets accordingly.\n\nStep 3: Drill the necessary holes.\n\nStep 4: After you drill the holes, slide the fasteners into them.\n\nStep 5: Lastly, just screw the pocket planters into the fasteners with proper\ncare and start the plantation.\n\n“To plant a garden is to believe in tomorrow.”\n\nGardening is one of those activities that need much hard work and labor. To\nhave the indoor vertical gardens is one of the best things when to comes to\neat fresh and healthy food. Also, it helps in purifying the air and catching\nall dust surrounding it. There are various ways to decorate the walls of your\nhome by using the mix and match technique with the different plants, herbs,\nand flowers.\n\nAuthor Bio: Victor loves to contribute towards the eco-friendly environment.\nHe tries to share as much information possible online to ensure how to use the\nwoodworking tools in the best manner possible for gardening and wood\nlandscaping.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Hardening Off Your Seedlings\n\nPublished\n\n4 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 27, 2017\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWhen seedlings are started indoors or in a greenhouse, they become acclimated\nto an environment that is much less severe than the outdoors. It is sometimes\nhard for novice gardeners to comprehend that direct sunlight, strong winds,\nand cooler nighttime temperatures are simply too much for many seedlings or\nsmall plants to handle. The process of hardening off is meant to reduce the\nshock of transitioning from a sheltered environment to outdoor conditions. The\nthree biggest factors affecting a plant’s transition from an indoor\nenvironment to an outdoor environment are direct sunlight, wind and\ntemperature.\n\n### Direct Sunlight\n\nMany gardeners do not realize how much more intense the sun is than an\nartificial light source. Even plants grown under high intensity discharge\nlighting will have a hard time transitioning into the intensity of direct\nsunlight. Tender seedlings and young plants grown indoors on a window sill or\nunder a grow light must be gradually transitioned into direct sunlight. Start\nby placing the tender seedlings in a shaded area. After a couple of days in\nthe shade, the seedlings can be introduced to direct sunlight. Remember,\ngradual increases are the key to success in the hardening off process. Each\nday a grower can increase the amount of time the seedlings receive direct\nsunlight. Depending on the particular plant variety, the grower can usually\nincrease the duration of time in direct sunlight by 1-2 hours per day.\nTypically, seedlings should be acclimated to the direct sunlight in about a\nweek’s time.\n\n### Wind\n\nMany seedlings and young plants get accustomed to a high humidity environment.\nWhen placed outdoors, the wind and dry air can quickly dry out the medium\nand/or the seedlings themselves. If there is a strong wind present when a\ngardener is hardening off his or her plants, it is a good idea to create some\nsort of wind block for the seedlings. Cold frames or mini hoop houses are\nvaluable tools for the hardening off process and can offer additional wind\nprotection for transitioning plants.\n\n### Temperature\n\nMany gardeners start the hardening off process when the night temperatures are\nstill too cold for the seedlings. It may be necessary to bring the seedlings\nback inside each evening until the temperature at night increases or the\nplants become acclimated to the colder temperatures. Cold frames or other\ntemporary structures that offer cover can be used to protect the seedlings\nfrom the lower nighttime temperatures.\n\n### Cold Frames\n\nA cold frame is an unheated greenhouse, usually used to temporarily house\nplants during the spring or early summer. Cold frames are a valuable tool for\nhardening off seedlings and young plants before planting them in the garden. A\ncold frame works great for sheltering young plants while allowing them a\n“taste” of life outdoors. The most common type of cold frame used by home\nhobbyists is a box-style cold frame.\n\nA box-style cold frame is nothing more than a bottomless box with an angled,\ntransparent top. Box-style cold frames come in different styles and sizes and\ncan be purchased or built from various materials. Some cold frames are as\nbasic as a box made of cinderblocks with an old sheet of glass on top, while\nother cold frames are more advanced composite structures complete with a\nthermostatic auto-opener. Manufactured cold frames built from aluminum and\npolycarbonate offer the advantage of longevity and are backed by a\nmanufacturer’s warranty.\n\nSeedlings and young plants that are hardened off properly will transition more\nseamlessly into outdoor conditions. It only takes one bad experience for a\nhorticulturist to realize how important the hardening off process really is.\nAfter all, the last thing a gardener wants is to have to replant all of his or\nher seeds and play catch-up for the rest of the growing season. Hardening off\nis most effective when done in incremental steps. When in doubt, take the slow\nroute. In other words, rushing the hardening off process can be extremely\ncounterproductive. A hobbyist who properly hardens off his or her plants will\nnot only have healthier plants and a smoother transition to the outdoors, but\nwill also have a more enjoyable experience in the garden.\n\nFor more information, please visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\n### Free Garden & Greenhouse Magazine Subscription\n\n### Free Garden & Greenhouse Email Newsletter Subscription\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Starting Seeds Indoors or in a Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n4 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 23, 2017\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nSpring is approaching and, for gardeners, this means a fresh start to another\ngrowing season. Many horticulturists choose to start seeds indoors or in a\ngreenhouse in order to have plants ready to grow in the upcoming season. There\nare a few considerations every horticulturist should make before starting his\nor her seeds. Following a few simple guidelines will help make the seed\nstarting experience both enjoyable and effective.\n\n### Timing\n\nAs with most things in life, timing is everything. It is important for a\nhorticulturist to take into consideration his or her geographical location’s\naverage last frost date. A quick search on the internet or call to a local\ngreenhouse can help a gardener determine in which zone he or she lives. Here\nare the zones and their corresponding average last frost date:\n\n#### Zone 1 – June 15th\n\n#### Zone 2 – May 15th\n\n#### Zone 3 – May 15th\n\n#### Zone 4 – May 15th\n\n#### Zone 5 – April 15th\n\n#### Zone 6 – April 15th\n\n#### Zone 7 – April 15th\n\n#### Zone 8 – March 15th\n\n#### Zone 9 – February 15th\n\nA good rule of thumb for starting seeds is to begin the germination process\n6-8 weeks before your zone’s average last frost date. It is also important to\nconsider the particular plant varieties being grown. For example, many\nornamental flowers can be started earlier, around 8-10 weeks before the\naverage last frost date. Cold sensitive plants that require warmer\ntemperatures to grow properly, like tomatoes, basil and peppers, should be\nstarted a little later, around 6-8 weeks before the average last frost date.\n\n### Grow Medium and Planting Containers\n\nIt is very important to make or buy a seed starting medium that is specific\nfor starting seeds. Regular potting soil is too heavy and potent for most\nseeds. Plug trays or peat pellets are great for starting seeds, but will\nrequire transplanting after the seedling has developed its second set of true\nleaves. I personally prefer using small plastic cups with small holes poked in\nthe bottom for drainage. These small cups are big enough for the plant to\nestablish a heathy root structure and can usually be used until the plant is\nplaced outdoors or into its finishing planting container. Filling a tray with\nmedium and planting multiple seeds should be avoided, if possible. Not only\ndoes this create a less than desirable root structure, it also makes it\ndifficult to separate the seedlings without damaging them.\n\nSome seeds are very small and are extremely difficult to plant individually.\nOne technique is to use the eraser end of a pencil to pick up and gently bury\nthe seed into the medium.\n\n### Temperature and Humidity\n\nProper temperature and humidity are necessary for healthy seedling\ndevelopment. A heat mat is a great way to supply heat to the seedling bed,\nwhich helps initiate the germination process. Not only do heat mats provide\nthe warmth necessary for germination, they also help keep the temperature more\nconsistent around the seedlings. All plants, especially seedlings, thrive on\nconsistency. Although not completely necessary, many gardeners like to use a\nhumidity dome on their seedling trays. Generally speaking, seedlings prefer a\nhigher humidity than the ambient air. Humidity domes are an inexpensive and\nsimple way to maintain higher humidity for the seedlings. Humidity domes, like\nheat mats, will also help maintain consistent atmospheric conditions.\n\n### Lighting\n\nIf they are being grown indoors, seedlings should be placed as close to a\nwindow as possible. If they are being grown in a greenhouse, try to position\nthe seedlings in an area that receives the most light. Many growers use an\nartificial light source for starting seeds indoors or in a greenhouse. If you\nhave ever experienced leggy, stretched stems on seedlings, you have seen the\nresults of inadequate lighting. An artificial light source above the seedlings\nwill keep them compact and healthy. There are many different artificial light\nsources that can be used for seedlings, but T5 fluorescents are highly\neffective and relatively inexpensive. A light for starting seeds is a valuable\ntool and is well worth the investment.\n\nStarting seeds in a greenhouse or indoors is a fun and easy way to get a head\nstart on the growing season. Hobbyists who start their seeds at the right\ntime, while also supplying the proper medium, atmospheric conditions and\nlighting will not only have higher germination success, but will also have\nmany healthy seedlings ready to take on the upcoming growing season.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Vertical Gardens\n\n# Introduction to Vertical Gardening Within a Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n4 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 26, 2017\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nVertical gardening is quickly becoming one of the most popular methods for\nmaximizing the space within a greenhouse. Vertical gardening is exactly what\nit sounds like: gardening in vertical rows instead of horizontally. In other\nwords, the plants are, in various configurations, stacked one on top of\nanother. For greenhouse horticulturists, vertical gardening opens up the\npossibility of filling the greenhouse from the bottom to the top with foliage.\nThere are many different ways a greenhouse horticulturist can utilize vertical\ngardening techniques, but shelving, vertical planters, and vertical hydroponic\nsystems are the most popular methods.\n\n### Shelving\n\nBelieve it or not, greenhouse shelving is a form of vertical gardening. The\nshelving used in a greenhouse allows a gardener to stack plants on top of each\nother and better utilize the given floor space. There are many different ways\ngreenhouse shelving can be set up in a greenhouse. Generally speaking, the\nshelving should be set up in multiple tiers with the highest tier on the wall\nthat is opposite the side of the greenhouse that receives the most light. By\ndoing this, the plants on the higher shelving will not shade out the other\nplants located lower in the garden.\n\n### Vertical Planters\n\nVertical planters are either manufactured or homemade planting structures\ndesigned to house plants in a vertical manner. An example of a homemade\nvertical planter is a plastic 55 gallon drum with holes cut into the side\nwhere the plants can be placed. Vertical planters are usually designed to be\nused with potting soil. Typically, these planters are watered from the top,\nallowing gravity to bring the moisture to all of the plants in the container.\nStrawberries and lettuce are two crops commonly grown in vertical planters\nwith great success.\n\n### Vertical Hydroponic Systems\n\nVertical hydroponic systems utilize soilless gardening in a vertical position.\nMost vertical hydroponic systems are recirculating systems which means the\nnutrient solution is collected and reused after each feeding. The nutrient\nsolution is commonly delivered to the upper most plant module so gravity can\nbring the solution to the remaining plants down below. Vertical hydroponic\nsystems combine the speed of\n\ngrowth associated with hydroponic gardening and the space maximizing benefits\nof vertical gardening.\n\n### Things to Consider with Vertical Gardening\n\nThere are a few things to consider when setting up a vertical garden. One big\nconsideration is shading out other plants in the greenhouse. The tallest\nvertical system should be placed on the opposite side of the prevailing light.\nThe best way to visualize an appropriate vertical garden in a greenhouse is to\nthink of it as stadium seating. In other words, the plants are staggered from\nshortest to tallest so that the plants can receive the most sunlight possible.\nAnother big consideration for vertical systems is nutrient consistency. This\nis most important in vertical hydroponic systems where the nutrient solution\nwill be reused. Daily monitoring of nutrient and pH levels in a vertical\nhydroponic system is an absolute must. If constructing a homemade vertical\nsystem, make sure to take into account the additional weight of the plants and\nsoil or medium. If a vertical system is extremely top heavy, it may need\nadditional safety supports to prevent it from tipping or falling.\n\nA vertical indoor hydroponic vegetable farm, growing many rows of butter\nlettuce, basil, mint and other herbs. This is a modern and space- as well as\nwater-efficient way of producing food in a soilless manner.\n\nTrying a vertical gardening technique is a fun way for a greenhouse hobbyist\nto experiment with maximizing his or her given garden floor space.\nExperimenting with vertical gardening can be as simple as trying different\nshelving configurations or as advanced as an automated vertical hydroponic\nsystem. Vertical gardens allow greenhouse hobbyists to better utilize the\nspace within a greenhouse by literally having plants from the floor to the\nroof. When the garden space is better utilized, more plants can be grown,\nwhich is good news for any greenhouse enthusiast.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Sanitizing the Greenhouse and Overwintering Plants\n\nPublished\n\n4 years ago\n\non\n\nNovember 21, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAs the cold weather approaches, greenhouse growers should begin preparing\ntheir greenhouses for the winter. Before bringing in the plants from outside,\na good sanitizing of the greenhouse and the plants themselves is recommended.\nThis can be viewed as a yearly maintenance and preventative procedure which\ncan greatly reduce the likelihood of problems during the winter months. A good\ncleaning combined with proper placement of the plants in the greenhouse\nequates to a smoother transition into next year’s growing season.\n\n### Sanitizing the Greenhouse\n\nBefore moving plants into the greenhouse for overwintering, it is a good idea\nto thoroughly clean the greenhouse. Start by removing any plants that are\ncurrently in the greenhouse. After the greenhouse is empty, hose down the\nentire greenhouse with soapy water. In most cases, soapy water is enough to\nprevent algae build up on the glaze or framing of the greenhouse. If algae\nhave already built up, a good pressure wash can easily rectify the problem. It\nis very important for owners of polycarbonate greenhouses to avoid using\nwindow cleaners of any kind. Window cleaners can actually damage the\npolycarbonate panels and make them less transparent.\n\nAfter using soapy water and/or the pressure washer, it is a good idea to\nfurther sanitize the greenhouses with a sterilizing/sanitizing agent. A\ndiluted bleach solution is one sanitizing agent commonly used by greenhouse\nhorticulturists. However, there are two distinct disadvantages to using a\nbleach solution. First, the odor and fumes created by bleach can be\noverwhelming, especially when used in a contained area like a greenhouse.\nSecond, a diluted bleach solution works fine for sanitizing the greenhouse\nitself, but should not be used on the plants that will be coming into the\ngreenhouse from outside. Even a diluted bleach solution would be harmful to\nthe plants. Molds and pathogens often enter the greenhouse by hitching a ride\non a plant or in the soil of a plant brought in from outside.\n\nA good solution to this is a cleaning agent called Physan 20. Physan 20 is an\nalgaecide, fungicide, bactericide, and virucide. In other words, Physan 20\nhelps fight algae, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. After washing the greenhouse\nwith soapy water, an application of Physan 20 will kill any remaining fungi,\nalgae, bacteria, or viruses. Physan 20 is virtually odorless which makes it\nmuch easier to work with than a diluted bleach solution. Perhaps the largest\nadvantage of Physan 20 is its ability to be used directly on ornamental plants\nand their soil. Physan 20 can be used as a soil drench to kill any pathogenic\nfungi, bacteria, algae, or viruses lurking in the soil of plants kept\noutdoors. Physan 20 comes in a concentrate form and must be diluted before\nuse. Horticulturists should pay close attention to the manufacturer’s\nrecommended dilution rates for the various uses of the product. In other\nwords, the recommended concentration for cleaning the greenhouse material will\ndiffer from the concentration for a soil drench.\n\n### Preparing the Plants for Overwintering\n\nBefore bringing outside plants into the greenhouse for the winter, a gardener\nshould take a few steps to make the transition smoother. Start with cleaning\nthe plants themselves by removing any dead or dying leaves from the plant and\nsoil container. Examine the plants closely for pest insects. Any pest insect\nissues should be treated before bringing those plants into the greenhouse. If\npossible, time your watering so that the plants can receive a watering with\nthe Physan 20 mixture right before entering the greenhouse for the winter. As\npreviously mentioned, this will kill any fungi, algae, bacteria, or viruses\nthat may be contained in the soil.\n\n### Plant Placement\n\nPlant placement is another important factor to consider when overwintering.\nSome plants are more sensitive to cold than others. The plants that will\nbetter handle cold conditions should be placed along the perimeter of the\ngreenhouse and those more sensitive to the cold should be place closer to the\ncenter. If the plan is to grow orchids or food crops, the greenhouse will need\nto be heated by some sort of heating device in order to keep the ambient air\ntemperature warm enough for flower/fruit production.\n\nSanitizing the greenhouse is an important preventive measure that can be the\ndifference between a smooth transition and an utter catastrophe come spring.\nCleaning and sanitizing the plants before they enter the greenhouse is a vital\nstep to keep the plants healthy and happy all winter long. Proper plant\nplacement is another crucial factor contributing to the heath of the plants.\nWhen planning the layout of the greenhouse for winter, do not forget to leave\nsome space for next spring’s seedings. After all, winter will be over before\nyou know it and the next chapter of your garden will soon begin.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\n### Subscribe to Garden & Greenhouse Magazine\n\n### Subscribe to Garden & Greenhouse Email Newsletter\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Hydroponics\n\n# Hydroponic Nutrients – The Essential Elements\n\nPublished\n\n4 years ago\n\non\n\nSeptember 22, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThere are 17 essential elements needed for plant growth. Three of them\n(hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon) are non-mineral elements and are absorbed by\nplants through the air or water. The other 14 essential elements must be\nprovided by the soil or fertilization. Since hydroponic gardening bypasses the\nsoil, all 14 essential mineral elements must be furnished in the hydroponic\nnutrient solution.\n\nThese essential mineral elements are broken into two categories:\nmacronutrients and micronutrients. The macronutrients are the nutrients used\nin higher concentrations relative to micronutrients which are absorbed in\nsmaller amounts. When shopping around for hydroponic nutrients, a gardener\nwill quickly notice three numbers on the nutrient solution’s label. These\nnumbers represent the N-P-K values or ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P),\nand potassium (K) in that particular formula. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and\npotassium are the primary macronutrients. In other words, they are absorbed in\nhigher ratios than any other essential mineral element. This is why it is\nimportant for fertilizer labels to disclose the N-P-K ratio. A closer look at\nall of the macronutrients found in hydroponic fertilizers will give growers a\nbetter understanding of how each element affects plant growth.\n\n### Macronutrients\n\n#### Nitrogen (N)\n\nA basic component of proteins and chlorophyll, Nitrogen is the main nutrient\nresponsible for vigorous growth and luscious green coloration.\n\n#### Phosphorus (P)\n\nPlays an important role in root stimulation and establishment for young\nplants. Phosphorus also promotes flowering, fruiting, ripening, and\nrespiration.\n\n#### Potassium (K)\n\nPromotes movement of sugars and other nutrients (via osmosis). Potassium is\ndirectly linked to stem strength and rigidity. Potassium increases a plant’s\noverall resistance to cold, drought and pathogens. Much like phosphorus,\npotassium plays an intricate role in the formation of flower buds and\nfruiting/blooming processes.\n\n#### Calcium (Ca)\n\nBuilds and becomes part of the cell walls. Calcium is vital to plant structure\nand strength and promotes growth of young shoots and roots. Calcium is needed\nfor ripening and seed production.\n\n#### Magnesium (Mg)\n\nReinforces cell walls and is an important component of chlorophyll. Magnesium\npromotes the absorption of phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur. It also plays a\nvital role in the ripening of fruit and the germination of seeds.\n\n#### Sulfur (S)\n\nContributes to chlorophyll production and is a necessary component of several\nproteins, enzymes and vitamins. Sulfur aids the plant’s absorption of\npotassium, calcium, and magnesium.\n\n### Micronutrients\n\nMicronutrients, although absorbed in lower amounts than macronutrients, play\nan equally important role in overall plant health.\n\n#### Chlorine (Cl)\n\nInvolved in the stimulation of photosynthesis.\n\n#### Iron (Fe)\n\nAssists in biochemical processes, including the manufacturing of chlorophyll.\nIron also contributes to the formation of some enzymes and amino acids.\n\n#### Boron (B)\n\nEssential for tissue growth within the plant. Promotes the absorption of water\nand helps regulate a plant’s metabolism. Boron also assists in the formation\nof fruit.\n\n#### Manganese (Mn)\n\nPlays an essential role in nitrogen assimilation and protein formation.\nManganese can speed up a plant’s maturity and helps promote seed germination.\nIt is also necessary for chlorophyll production.\n\n#### Zinc (Zn)\n\nHelps the development of enzymes and growth hormones.\n\n#### Copper (Cu)\n\nPlays a role in chlorophyll production and helps activate various enzymes.\n\n#### Molybdenum (Mo)\n\nIt is needed for the production of nitrogen-based proteins and is essential\nfor nitrogen assimilation by plants.\n\n#### Nickel (Ni)\n\nRegulates mineral metabolism, enzyme activity and other metabolic processes in\nplants.\n\n### Hydroponic Base Nutrients\n\nThere are many choices and it can become overwhelming trying to choose a brand\nof hydroponic nutrients (fertilizers). The first thing a hydroponic\nhorticulturist should do is choose a base nutrient formula. A base nutrient\nformula will contain all the essential mineral elements, therefore providing\nall elements necessary for plant growth. Depending on the manufacturer, the\nbase nutrients may be a one, two, or three part formula. Regardless of how\nmany parts it is all base nutrient formulas do the same thing: provide the\nplants with the essential mineral elements. A good hydroponic base nutrient is\nall that is needed to get started growing hydroponically.\n\n### Can I Use my Hydroponic Nutrients for Soil Gardening?\n\nHydroponic base nutrients are designed specifically for use in hydroponic\nsystems. Although they can be used in a pinch to fertilize plants in soil\ncontainers, they are designed for hydroponics which means the ratio of some\nelements will differ from fertilizers designed specifically for soil.\n\n### pH in Hydroponics\n\nIn order for the plants to absorb the essential elements in a hydroponic\nsystem, the pH of the solution must be in a particular range. A pH of 5.5 –\n6.0 is the desired range for most hydroponic systems. If the pH gets above or\nbelow that range, the plants will be unable to absorb certain nutrients. This\nwill eventually lead to a deficiency. Hydroponic growers will need to have pH\nbuffers (pH up and pH down) on hand to make adjustments when necessary.\n\nFinding a hydroponic nutrient formula can be overwhelming for new growers.\nJust remember, a good base formula and pH buffers are all you need to get\nstarted. Once you feel comfortable with your base formula, you can begin\nexperimenting with the plethora of hydroponic nutrient additives available at\nyour local hydroponic retailer.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\n### Subscribe to Garden & Greenhouse Magazine\n\n### Subscribe to Garden & Greenhouse Email Newsletter\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Hydroponics\n\n# Hydroponic Systems in a Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nAugust 11, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAccessibility to information, due mainly to the internet, has many home\ngreenhouse hobbyists experimenting with hydroponic systems in a greenhouse.\nHydroponic gardening is gardening without the use of soil. In other words, any\ntype of growing system that bypasses the microbes in the soil and directly\nfeeds the plants with nutrients can be considered hydroponics. There are many\ndifferent hydroponic growing systems and each has its own advantages and\ndisadvantages. A closer look at some of the systems commonly used by home\nhobbyists will give a grower a bit of insight into the fascinating world of\nhydroponic gardening and some inspiration to start experimenting.\n\n### Deep Water Culture\n\nDeep water culture is perhaps the easiest hydroponic system to set up. A five\ngallon bucket or tupperware container can be converted into a deep water\nculture system with just a few parts from the hardware store. In a deep water\nculture system, the plant is held in place by a small amount of inert medium\n(usually gravel or clay pebbles). However, the vast majority of the plant’s\nroots do not grow in the medium, but, rather, dangle down into the container\nwhere they are submersed in the nutrient solution. These systems are great\nbecause they are easy to build and can produce quick, vigorous growth. The\nbiggest drawback of deep water culture systems is how susceptible they are to\ntemperature changes. Since the roots are submersed in the solution, the\ntemperature of that solution will greatly affect the way the plant’s roots can\nreceive oxygen. When temperatures are too warm, the plant’s roots will not\nreceive the oxygen they require and they will become susceptible to pathogens.\nFor this reason, deep water culture should only be used by greenhouse growers\nin cooler climates or growers who have invested in cooling devices, such as\nwater chillers or air conditioners. Without a cooling device, a grower may\nhave a difficult time keeping the system’s temperature in the desired range\n(65-75 degrees F).\n\n### Top-Drip\n\nIn a top-drip hydroponic system, the nutrient solution is delivered to each\nplant via a drip stake or drip line emitter. The individual plant modules will\nvary from system to system, but, generally, top-drip gardeners use standard\npotting containers. The medium for the containers can be any sort of inert\nmedium or even soil if the grower wishes to have a more hybrid hydroponic/soil\nsystem. Top-drip systems can be set up as a recirculating system or a run-to-\nwaste system. Recirculating top-drip systems will need a reservoir for holding\nthe nutrient solution and the reservoir will need to be aerated. A timer is\nneeded to trigger the pump for feeding intervals. The duration will fluctuate\ndepending on the crop being grown and the particular stage of growth. Although\ntop-drip systems are a little more expensive to start up than a deep water\nculture system, they fare much better at higher temperatures. Top-drip systems\nare also the preferred hydroponic system of commercial tomato growers.\n\n### Flood and Drain\n\nA flood and drain system uses a table or trough which is flooded with nutrient\nsolution for a given period of time and then drained. Traditional flood and\ndrain systems use gravity to return the nutrient solution to the reservoir. In\nother words, once the pump that pushes water to fill the flood table is\ndeactivated, the water drains back to the reservoir. Typically, containers\nfilled with a medium, such as hydroton, stone wool, coco coir, or another\nsoilless mix, are placed in the flood tables; however, the medium can also be\nplaced directly in the table or trough. Flood and drain systems work well for\nhobbyists looking to experiment with hydroponics and/or beginner gardeners\nbecause they are easy to build and can accept a wide range of media. Like top-\ndrip systems, flood and drain systems can offer a hybrid hydroponic/soil\nsystem to growers who are not ready to give up soil gardening completely, but\nstill want to gain some of the benefits hydroponic gardening has to offer.\n\nThe previously mentioned hydroponic systems are commonly used by beginner\nhydroponic growers or hobbyists looking to do a little experimenting with\nhydroponics. Other systems, like aeroponics, nutrient film technique, and\ncurrent culture, can also be used, but are typically reserved for growers with\nmore hydroponics experience. That being said, remember that experimentation\nwith hydroponic systems is a fun and exciting way to differentiate your\ngreenhouse from others. There is no shame in trying out a new hydroponic\nsystem or trying to develop your own system for your particular greenhouse.\nLike other styles of gardening, hydroponic systems offer a lifetime of\nlearning to anyone willing to give it a try.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Arcadia Glasshouse Video Will Make Anyone Want to Get a Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 5, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIf this video from Arcadia Glasshouse doesn’t make you want to get a\ngreenhouse nothing will. Enjoy!\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Organic Gardening in the Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 27, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThere is a lot of buzz surrounding sustainable and organic gardening. An\nincreasing amount of people are realizing that the health benefits of eating\norganic foods extend not only to their own health but also contribute to the\nhealth of the entire planet. Conventional farming’s use of chemical\npesticides, chemical herbicides, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has\nmany people concerned about the safety of the food found in grocery stores.\nThis worry has more and more people wanting to control their food supply.\nPerhaps the best way to do this is to start an organic vegetable garden. In\nfact, many people are beginning to grow their own organic food, not\nnecessarily to save money, but to ensure the quality of the food they consume.\n\n### Growing Organic in the Greenhouse\n\nTo grow organically means to grow plants without the use of chemical\nfertilizers or chemical pesticides. Simply put, what we call organic gardening\ntoday was what our grandparents just called gardening. Compost bins or piles\nare a great way to repurpose unwanted food scraps into usable fertilizer for\nan organic garden. There are also many prepackaged soils, fertilizers, and\npesticides that carry the organic certification. Whether you build your own\nrich organic soil with compost or purchase prepackaged organic soil, organic\nhorticulture in a greenhouse offers many distinct advantages. First and\nforemost, with the use of supplemental heat, greenhouse hobbyists have the\nunique opportunity to grow organic produce year round. Read our blog, Grow All\nYear Round with Artificial Heat.\n\nGreenhouse growers with both supplemental lighting and supplemental heating\nhave the ability to grow just about anything throughout the entire year. This\nmeans you can continuously supply or supplement your diet with homegrown\norganic produce. In fact, if staggered correctly, it is possible to grow many\nof the most popular vegetables throughout the entire year, including in the\nwinter. Another huge advantage of organic gardening in a greenhouse is the\nheightened control that greenhouse horticulture offers. From environmental\nfactors to pest and pathogen prevention, growing in a greenhouse gives more\npower to the horticulturist. In fact, greenhouse growers are not only able to\nextent the growing season into the fall/winter but can also get vegetables\nearlier in the spring and early summer. By growing all or a good portion of\nyour own vegetables in a greenhouse, you can be certain of the quality of your\nproduce and take control of your health.\n\n### Getting Started\n\nGetting started with organic horticulture is as easy as purchasing certified\norganic seeds and potting soils or building your own organic soil from raw\ningredients. There are many organic fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides\navailable which makes converting to organic very easy and convenient. Just\nabout any style of gardening can easily be converted to organic growing. Many\ngreenhouse growers prefer benches with containers while others prefer raised\nbeds. Since you can successfully grow organic produce in either potting\ncontainers or raised beds, the decision comes down to the personal preference\nof the horticulturist or the crops themselves (some plants do better in raised\nbeds than containers and vice versa).\n\nGrowing organic produce in a greenhouse is a fun and healthy hobby. There are\nfew things as rewarding as producing your own fresh, organic herbs and/or\nvegetables. Growing organic produce in a greenhouse is an ongoing educational\nhobby that revitalizes and refreshes horticulturists year after year. After\nall, organic gardening in a greenhouse is a hobby that can be enjoyed for a\nlifetime.\n\nFor more information, please visit: ArcadiaGlassHouse.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Sizing Your Greenhouse for Optimum Utilization of Space\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 1, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nPrior to setting up a greenhouse it is important to consider how the space\nwithin the greenhouse will be utilized. Unfortunately, many gardeners do not\nthink about how they are going to use the space before they set up or purchase\na greenhouse. This can lead to frustration and an unsatisfying greenhouse\nexperience. However, with a little forethought, you can get the appropriately\nsized greenhouse for your particular needs and desires. When thinking about\nthe utilization of space, it is important to examine the available widths of\nthe greenhouse and how it will affect the greenhouse’s layout.\n\n### Greenhouse Widths\n\nGreenhouses come in all lengths and widths. When contemplating the layout or\nfloor plan of a greenhouse, a gardener should be most concerned with the width\nof the greenhouse because, in most cases, that is what will determine the\ndimensions of the benches and aisles. Hobby greenhouses are most commonly 8 or\n10 feet wide but can also range from 12 – 20 foot widths. Most commercial or\nproduction greenhouses are usually wider and range from 20 feet and up. As\npreviously mentioned, the width is important because it will determine the\nsize of the benches that can be used. Benches are extremely popular for\ngreenhouse gardeners and are used by most hobbyists. By examining the width of\nthe greenhouse, a horticulturist can determine what kind of bench and aisle\nspacing he or she can have.\n\n### 8 Foot Width\n\nMany “hobby” greenhouses are available in 8 foot widths. Unfortunately, the 8\nfoot measurement is a representation of the outside dimensions of the\ngreenhouse. In other words, this measurement does not take the frame into\nconsideration and, therefore, the actual width on the inside will not be a\nfull 8 feet. Greenhouses with 8 foot widths typically have 2 foot wide benches\non either side of a 3 foot wide aisle. Although this may be big enough for\nsome hobbyists, many horticulturists will quickly fill up the bench space and\nwish they had more room.\n\n### 10 Foot Width\n\nGreenhouses with a width of 10 feet are very popular among hobbyists because\nthey instantly give 30% more bench space than an 8 foot wide greenhouse. A\ntypical set up in a 10 foot wide greenhouse is to have 3 foot benches on\neither side of a 3 foot wide aisle. A 3 foot bench is the perfect size because\nit provides sufficient space for plants while not being so deep that the\nhorticulturist can’t reach the plants. All in all, a 10 foot wide greenhouse\nis a nice, comfortable width for hobbyists.\n\n### 12 – 20 Foot Widths\n\nGreenhouses that range from 12 – 20 feet wide are a good choice for\nhorticulturists who want to grow on more than just benches. Growers who want\nto incorporate raised beds or who have a collection of tropical plants which\nneed additional head space will find a greenhouse in this width range more\nsuitable to their needs. Greenhouses of this width are also nice for hobbyists\nwho want to add a seating area, water feature, or some other unique addition\nto their garden spaces. All of these greenhouse extras will take up space so\nalways be sure to plan your greenhouse layout accordingly.\n\n### 20+ Foot Width\n\nLarger width greenhouses (20+ feet wide) are mainly reserved for educational\nor commercial applications. These wide greenhouses can have two 3 foot aisles\nwith 3 foot benches on the outer sides and a 6 – 8 foot bench in the center.\nWhen optimizing space for production, these greenhouses are the ticket.\n\nBefore purchasing or building a greenhouse, make sure you take the time to\nthink about the space within and how that space will be utilized. In most\ncases, the grower’s intended application will determine the width of the\ngreenhouse. A good greenhouse manufacturer will help you determine the most\nappropriate width for your application and help guide you to optimize the\nspace within.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Using a Greenhouse to Start Flower and Vegetable Plants in March\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 22, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nMarch is a good month to begin plants for your flower and vegetable gardens.\nListed below are some of the more common flower and vegetable plants that can\nbe started in March. They will be ready to transplant outside in April and\nMay. Varieties can be easily started in 1204 packs or 3′′– 4′′ pots. Plants in\npacks should be thinned to one plant per cell. The larger you want your\ntransplants to grow, the bigger the cell or pot should be. If your germination\nspace is small, you can start the seeds in smaller containers and transplant\nthem into larger containers later.\n\nThe chart provides recommended, minimum size pots. Larger ones allow more room\nfor roots, providing larger, healthier plants. Plants left in small containers\ntoo long will become root bound, decreasing growth vigor and production. Most\ntomatoes grown in larger pots will require staking.\n\nThe number of weeks recommended includes the period of germination at\ntemperatures that are recommended by seed companies. To choose your planting\ndate, decide when you want to sell or transplant your plant and begin\ngermination the recommended number of weeks earlier. Seed companies can\nprovide you with temperature and light/dark requirements as well. This\ninformation is often on the seed packages or provided in their catalogs.\n\nVariety\n\n|\n\nNumber of Weeks\n\n|\n\nContainer Size\n\n|\n\nNumber of Weeks\n\n|\n\nContainer Size \n \n---|---|---|---|--- \nBasil|\n\n6-8\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n9-12\n\n|\n\n4” Pot \n \nBroccoli|\n\n8\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack \n \nCabbage|\n\n8\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack \n \nEggplant|\n\n8\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n9-12\n\n|\n\n4” Pot \n \nLettuce/Greens|\n\n3-4\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack \n \nOnion|\n\n8\n\n|\n\nOpen Pot or Flat \n \nPepper|\n\n10\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n11-14\n\n|\n\n4” Pot \n \nTomato|\n\n6-8\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n9-12\n\n|\n\n4-6” Pot \n \nDahlia|\n\n8\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n9-12\n\n|\n\n4-6” Pot \n \nImpatiens|\n\n8-9\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n10-12\n\n|\n\n4” Pot \n \nMarigold|\n\n7-8\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n9-12\n\n|\n\n4” Pot \n \nNasturtium|\n\n4-5\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n6-8\n\n|\n\n4” Pot \n \nPetunia|\n\n10-12\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n13-15\n\n|\n\n4” Pot \n \nSunflower|\n\n4-5\n\n|\n\n4” Pot\n\n|\n\n6-8\n\n|\n\n6” Pot \n \nZinnias|\n\n5-6\n\n|\n\n1204 Pack\n\n|\n\n7-9\n\n|\n\n4” Pot \n \nLettuce and most other greens are ready to transplant in 3 or 4 weeks, but\nthey can be planted in March and transplanted into the garden in April in many\nlocations. Broccoli and cabbage can also be transplanted before the last frost\ndate for your area. Using temporary covers, leaves will be protected from\nfrost and allowed to mature more quickly. Seedlings can also be transplanted\ninto the greenhouse floor or beds and be raised without additional heat.\n\nThe number of weeks recommended for flowers in packs will provide a healthy\ngreen plant, except for short marigolds, impatiens and some petunias, which\nmay start blooming in the packs. For blooms in containers the longer number of\nweeks are recommended.\n\nMelon, cucumber, squash, and pumpkin plants grow quickly and need only 3-4\nweeks before they can be transplanted into the garden. They should be started\nlater, usually in April, and planted in May after the soil has become warm.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Greenhouse Space Saving Techniques\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 15, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWith a little garden space planning, it is possible to drastically increase\nthe productivity and enjoyment of a greenhouse garden. Like with any great\nstructure, one can start from the foundation and work up to the top to make\nsure each area complements the others and is an efficient use of the space.\n\n### Going Underground\n\nIf a greenhouse is on a deck or already has permanent flooring, it may not be\npossible to take advantage of some great underground space. If at all\npossible, there are many advantages to having a “flexible” greenhouse floor.\nTo start with, some area of floor that is not covered can allow for\ncultivation of the soil or the addition of a perfectly blended soil mix to\ngrow plants at the ground level. This will result in an automatic space saving\nbecause the roots of the plants are occupying space below the greenhouse floor\nlevel that otherwise would be wasted. All that is generally necessary for\nwalking and working in the greenhouse is to leave a three to four foot\ncorridor down the middle and the rest of the floor area can be planted. But\neven this center corridor can be a door to an underground gardening\npowerhouse.\n\n### The Underground Greenhouse Engine\n\nOne of the best ways to turn a greenhouse into a full scale organic gardening\nmachine is to convert the center corridor into an underground composting\nand/or vermiculture center, and it is quite easy to do. Simply dig a trench\nthree to four feet wide and two to three feet deep in the center of the\ngreenhouse from end to end. Stack a brick barrier on the sides and ends and\ncover with strong plywood sections. The plywood makes a nice greenhouse floor\nfor walking through and tending plants. Sections of the plywood can be lifted\nto reveal the perfect cool damp environment for composting and/or vermiculture\nand a dry box section can be included for garden supply storage.\n\n### Hydroponics and the Underground\n\nAny discussion of greenhouse space saving techniques would be incomplete\nwithout some mention of hydroponics. Hydroponics presents a level of control\nand efficiency that is geared toward productivity and getting the most out of\navailable space. Underground is the perfect place to put nutrient reservoirs.\nMany hydroponics systems require the reservoir to be below the plant growing\nmedium and below ground reservoirs allow the plant grow beds to be as low as\nground level. They do not take up space in the greenhouse and keep the\nnutrient solution cooler in summer and warmer in winter.\n\n### Using Floor Space Wisely\n\nWith a few cautions in mind, the stacking plant growing space with tiered\nbenches or shelves can add greatly to productivity. It is important to\nconsider how the shelves and plants themselves will shade other plants from\nlight. Just as tall plants are generally positioned in the back of the garden\nso they will not shade shorter plants, it is important to observe the path of\nthe sun in relationship to the greenhouse placement and plant accordingly.\nPlace tall shelving and plants where they will not block too much light from\nother areas of the greenhouse. Shelves and racks are best made of mesh or\nscreen construction which allows light, air and moisture to pass more easily.\nAlways try to buy adjustable shelving. It is much more versatile and allows\nfor spacing shelves based on the requirements of each crop. Specially designed\ntriangular shelves are also available for the corners of the greenhouse to\ntake advantage of what is often dead space. One last note on shelving, and\njust about anything else that is placed in the greenhouse, light colors are\nbest because they reflect light allowing more of it to be absorbed by the\nplants.\n\n### Using Lights to Increase Productivity\n\nAs mentioned above, it is best to position benches, shelving and plants to\ntake the best advantage of the natural light that is available to the\ngreenhouse. That said it is possible to lengthen the growing season, volume of\nplants that can be grown and productivity with the use of artificial lights.\nT5 Fluorescent lights have several advantages for greenhouse space saving.\nThey do not require large bulky external ballasts, and are very low profile\nand can be attached to the bottom of a shelf to provide light to the plants on\nthe next shelf down. Just be sure to have proper channeling for moisture from\nthe plants above. Bulbs are available in warm, cool and full spectrum and they\nproduce very little heat allowing them to be positioned quite close to growing\nplants. They are available in 48 inch long 2, 4, 6 and 8 tube models that are\nperfect for any width shelf.\n\n### Using Space Saving Hydroponics Towers\n\nHydroponics towers are a growing innovation that is hard to ignore when it\ncomes to getting the most from each square foot. These systems stack growing\ncontainers in clever configurations so that plants still get light, but are\nvertically stacked to save ground space. Several different varieties are\navailable to suit almost any greenhouse application.\n\n### Air Space\n\nLast, but not least, because of their clear ceilings, greenhouses offer even\nmore space for hanging plants. Once the floor and wall spaces have been\nplanted, consider where hanging plants may work best without robbing too much\nlight from other plants. As with shelves and other vertical plantings, it is\nimportant to study the path of the sun and shade in the greenhouse to\ndetermine where best to place hanging plants so the shade they provide is an\nasset not a determent to the greenhouse as a whole. This may be quite\ndifferent depending on the season. In the summer, sun loving hanging plants\nmay provide welcome shade when placed properly in the greenhouse. In the\nwinter, they may need to be avoided entirely depending on the overall light\nrequirements of the particular greenhouse application. Upside down tomato\ngrowers have also become popular for growing tomatoes and other plants hanging\nupside down and may make welcome space saving additions to the greenhouse.\n\nIt may perhaps be a habit from traditional outdoor gardening to look at the\ngarden space as one dimensional and plan accordingly. A better approach is to\ntake into consideration each level and surface from floor to sealing and how\nit will interact with the greenhouse as a whole. By taking a three dimensional\nview and planning the greenhouse garden from the floor up a better, more\nproductive garden is within reach.\n\n### Want more information? Read these articles:\n\nA Do-It-Yourself Greenhouse Built From Local Materials\n\nHave a Plan Before Purchasing a Greenhouse\n\nHow to Build a Plastic Greenhouse\n\nSizing Your Greenhouse for Optimum Utilization of Space\n\nUse a Cold Frame Greenhouse to Maximize The Natural Warmth Of The Sun\n\nUsing a Greenhouse to Start Flower and Vegetable Plants in March\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Does My Greenhouse Need a Permit?\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 12, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nOne of the first things a person must address when purchasing or building a\ngreenhouse is what permits are required. The last thing a gardener needs is to\npurchase or build a greenhouse that doesn’t meet the local code requirements.\nEvery community is different so there is no standard when it comes to permits\nfor greenhouses. However, finding out which permits are necessary is a\nrelatively simple process and most potential greenhouse owners should be able\nto take care of it themselves. There are two types of permits that need to be\nconsidered when building or purchasing a greenhouse. Those two types of\npermits are zoning permits and building permits.\n\n### Zoning Permits\n\nA potential greenhouse owner should check with his or her local zoning\ndepartment to see what is required. Zoning permits regulate the location of\nthe greenhouse on the property. For example, a zoning permit will specify how\nclose to the lot lines you are permitted to build. This could be the side,\nrear, or front lot lines and will be determined by your community’s rules and\nregulations. For instance, some communities may require that the greenhouse be\nbuilt at least 20 feet away from the lot lines. Again, every community is\ndifferent so be sure to check with your local zoning department to see how\nzoning permits affect your area.\n\nZoning permits will sometimes regulate the number of accessory buildings\n(greenhouses usually fall into this category) you can have on your property.\nSheds and other outbuildings may be considered accessory buildings as well.\nThe size of the building will also be taken into consideration by the zoning\ndepartment. For example, the zoning department may decide that greenhouses\nthat are less than 200 square feet need no additional building permits. In\nsome cases, after meeting the zoning requirements, a potential greenhouse\nowner will have to get a building permit.\n\n### Building Permits\n\nBuilding permits are typically issued by a county building department.\nBuilding codes look at the structural integrity and the physical appearance of\nthe building. While many rural areas do not require any permits for accessory\nor agricultural buildings, most urban areas have some requirements. The\nbuilding codes that address the structural integrity of a greenhouse generally\ndeal with wind and snow loads and are specific to that geographical location.\nOne of the first things to consider is whether you want a freestanding or\nattached greenhouse. Attached greenhouses normally require a building permit\nbecause they are considered an addition to the home and not an accessory\nbuilding.\n\nAs far as building codes go, attached greenhouses are typically treated\nsimilarly to the addition of a sunroom. The building codes that deal with the\nappearance of the building will vary greatly from community to community.\nThere may be regulations on how an accessory building appears. These rules are\nusually in place to maintain a high level of aesthetics in the neighborhood.\nIn most cases, a greenhouse is welcomed by the community. Some homeowners’\nassociations or condo associations may have stricter requirements on accessory\nbuildings. They may even have their own architectural review board which would\nneed to approve the greenhouse design prior to construction. In the rare case\nthat a greenhouse doesn’t meet the local requirements, you can apply for a\nvariance. In most cases, a variance is possible because people like the idea\nof organic gardening in a greenhouse and local officials usually try to\naccommodate them.\n\nRegardless of your location, experienced greenhouse manufacturers will help\nyou work through the regulations process. In some cases, they may go as far as\nhelping apply for variances or discussing your plans with a homeowners’\nassociation. Greenhouse manufacturers with quality customer service won’t mind\ntaking a few extra steps to ensure you get the right permits for your dream\ngreenhouse.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# The Best Plants to Grow in a Hydroponic Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 10, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nHydroponic greenhouses can produce larger yields than a traditional greenhouse\nbut for maximum success the grower must understand what to grow. Some plants\nmay spread out too much to grow properly in a hydroponic greenhouse. Other\nplants may be cool weather plants and will not be able to stand the consistent\nhigh temperatures that other plants may need to thrive in. There are also\nplants that need special attention, if you decide to grow them in a hydroponic\ngreenhouse and are too labor intensive.\n\n### Plants to Grow in a Hydroponic Greenhouse\n\nStrawberries\n\nStrawberries are one fruit that does quite well in a hydroponic greenhouse\ngrowing environment. Plants of this fruit are compact enough to fit in with\nthe usual layouts of hydroponic greenhouses. You can set the plants out in a\nnumber of configurations and they will still thrive. Also, there are so many\nvarieties to choose from depending on the size of berry and level of sweetness\ndesired.\n\nPotatoes\n\nPotatoes and other root crops also work well, but only if they are given\nenough depth to grow adequately. You have to remember with these crops that\nthey do a lot of their growing in the root area as well as up in their stems\nand foliage. If they are cramped for space, it will stunt their growth. You\ncan choose the smaller varieties of the root crops, when available to help\noffer them enough depth.\n\nTomatoes\n\nTomatoes thrive when grown hydroponically. Of course, they need to have a\nsupport system with this type of greenhouse setting just as they do in a\ntraditional greenhouse or garden setting. Some varieties grow larger than\nother ones though, so choose the type you think you can provide the best\nsupport for in your particular setup. Some other vining veggies that need\nsupport include peas, cucumbers and pole beans.\n\nMint\n\nThere are many varieties of mint that do well in this type of greenhouse,\nbecause they enjoy wet conditions. Mints spread quite a bit and should be\ngiven enough space. Other than this requirement, your chosen mint whether it\nbe peppermint, spearmint, ginger mint or another type of mint should produce\nnicely for you.\n\nBasil\n\nBasil is another herb to plan to grow in your hydroponic garden setup. The\nmoist conditions provided to the herb through this system actually enhance its\nflavor. As with other plants, your yield will most likely increase with using\nhydroponic methods of gardening. Many other herbs do well too, but you need to\ncheck the growing conditions they need to make sure before planting them.\n\nLettuce\n\nVarious types of lettuce will provide you with more flavorful harvests. Some\npeople only think of iceberg variety when lettuce is mentioned, but there is\nromaine, sweet butter and many more to choose from for growing your salad\ngreens hydroponically.\n\nCabbage\n\nCabbage is one of the cool weather vegetables that does well in this\nenvironment. You may need to adjust growing conditions for the cool weather\nvegetables. This means you may need to grow the plants according to their\nnatural seasons. You can change the temperature settings in your greenhouse\naccording to the crops you decide to cultivate.\n\nGreen Beans\n\nBush-style green beans will adjust quite well with the typical conditions set\nup in a hydroponic system. You will be able to harvest plenty for your table\nand have additional beans to can or freeze. The size of these is easier to\ndeal with than the pole beans, even though with the right support, as\nmentioned earlier, you can also grow pole beans.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Propagation\n\n# Tips for Cloning Success\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 2, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nMost of these tips will work for traditional cuttings as well as hydroponic\ncloning.\n\nSelect the plant you plan to clone. Select only plants that are in good health\nand are at least two months old. New growth is best if it’s available,\nhowever, any healthy stem with at least two or three healthy sets of leaves\nwill work. Only take cuttings from well hydrated plants. Plants that are dry\nwill not perform as well as cuttings.\n\nHygiene cannot be stressed enough. Disease, fungus and viruses spread quickly\nand are a primary cause of failure. Luckily, a few easy steps will ensure\nhealthy cuttings. It may be tempting to skip the cleaning steps, but you will\nbe rewarded with quick healthy cuttings by spending a few extra seconds.\n\n * Gather your tools: A sharp craft knife or razor blade, cutting shears, container with water, rooting hormone, clean cutting mat, cloning system.\n * Prepare the water bath in the cloner. Measure nutrients carefully.\n * Select a 2”-3” stem of plant, ideally with new growth. (Note: fall is the ideal time to find new growth, but cuttings will work in spring) cut below the intersection of leaves on the stem. Immediately place cutting into water until you are ready to process all cuttings.\n * Remove lower leaves by carefully slicing them at the stem. Leave several leaves at the top of the stem. If leaves are too large for the cloning space, cut then lengthwise.\n * Place cutting on a clean cutting mat. Sterilize blade with alcohol and carefully cut the stem diagonally at a 45° angle to expose as much of the plant’s cambium as possible. Be careful not to crush any tissues. Dip knife in alcohol between each cutting.\n * Place a small amount of rooting hormone in a small Dixie cup or small glass and dip cutting into hormone. Do not dip the cutting directly into main container to avoid contamination. Throw the excess compound away; do not add back to the original container. Note: Commercial growers typically use liquid rooting hormone because the plant absorbs the liquid faster than the powder.\n * Secure the cutting in the basket and place in cloner.\n\nCheck your cuttings frequently. In a few days you will start to see nodes\nforming just prior to root development. Change the water once a week or per\nthe manufacturer’s instructions. Once roots are formed, transplant into 4”\npots. Placing them in a cool greenhouse with bottom heat will encourage\nhealthy root growth while keeping top growth compact and healthy.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Greenhouse Construction: Planning for Snow Loads and Wind Loads\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 18, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWith all the decisions to be made when contemplating purchasing or building a\ngreenhouse, it may be easy to overlook snow and wind. However, a gardener\nneeds to seriously consider how a greenhouse will handle snow and wind loads.\nAs you can imagine, heavy snow fall or intense wind gusts can cause serious\ndamage to a greenhouse structure. Unfortunately, not all greenhouse\nmanufacturers are straightforward with snow and wind load ratings or\nrequirements. It can also get confusing because many of the smaller hobby\ngreenhouses are not required to meet the same codes as more permanent\ngreenhouse structures. One thing is certain, potential greenhouse owners need\nto take it upon themselves to understand their geographical location’s\nbuilding code requirements and which greenhouse designs will meet those\nrequirements.\n\nThe very first thing a gardener should do before constructing or purchasing a\ngreenhouse is to check with the local building department (where building\ncodes are issued) and see what the snow and wind load requirements are for his\nor her geographical location. Regardless of the type of greenhouse you plan to\nhave (stand alone or attached) it is very important to check and see what the\nbuilding code requirements will be. With this information you can go back to\nthe greenhouse supplier or builder to see which greenhouse design will meet\nthose requirements.\n\nSmall hobby greenhouses with a stamped aluminum construction generally will\nnot require building permits but will rarely meet the requirements for snow or\nwind loads. Most hobby greenhouses are not designed to last a lifetime and\nwill quickly degrade. Growers who are looking for a more permanent structure\nshould look for greenhouses that utilize extruded aluminum framing instead of\nstamped aluminum framing.\n\nHigher quality greenhouses with extruded aluminum framing will most likely\nmeet local building code requirements. These greenhouses are designed to be a\nmore permanent structure. Generally speaking, greenhouses need to withstand 30\npounds of snow per square foot (an equivalent of about four feet of snow) and\nwind gusts up to 105 MPH to meet most of the code requirements throughout the\nUnited States. Greenhouses built with quality extruded frames will not only be\nable to meet the wind and snow load requirements but will also be considered a\ntruly permanent structure that is designed to last a lifetime.\n\nIn locations where snow loads or wind loads exceed the norm, additional\nbracing or advanced technological designs can be used to create additional\nstrength. Some of the older greenhouses use heavy cross ties to meet higher\nsnow load requirements. Many of the newer greenhouses are utilizing\nsophisticated engineering designs, like the scissor truss. The scissor truss\ndesign not only adds strength but also, because it eliminates the need for\ncross ties, allows for additional head room in the greenhouse.\n\nIf you are in the market for a greenhouse that will handle heavy snow and wind\nloads and last a lifetime, you should seriously consider a greenhouse with\nextruded aluminum framing. Small hobby greenhouses are suitable for some\napplications but should not be considered a permanent structure and certainly\nshouldn’t be expected to withstand heavy snow loads or strong gusts of wind. A\nquick trip to your local building department will give you all the information\nyou’ll need for snow and wind load requirements. With that information you can\ndiscuss all of your options with your greenhouse supplier.\n\nFor more information visit Arcadiaglasshouse.com.\n\nPhoto Description: The innovative “Scissor Truss” design provides extra\nstrength and higher headroom for larger spans in greenhouses that meet local\nbuilding codes for snow load and wind loads specifications.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Hydroponics\n\n# Why Use a Growing Medium When Gardening With Hydroponics?\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 12, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nGrowing plants using hydroponics means you are growing without soil, but it\ndoesn’t necessarily mean that you are growing plants without a soil\nreplacement. While not strictly necessary it is usually advantageous to use\nsome form of growing medium. One very good reason to use a growing medium in\nyour hydroponics garden is to ensure that the roots of your plants are\nadequately supplied with oxygen. In a traditional garden plant roots gather\noxygen from the air trapped in the soil. A growing medium serves the same\npurpose for plants grown with hydroponics. Growing media are designed to trap\nair that can then be processed by the plant roots.\n\nAnother reason for using a growing medium is to provide a food reserve for the\nplants. Like air, nutrients from the feeding solution are trapped in the pores\nof the growing medium and are then available to the plants if needed. This can\nhelp to prevent crop failures. Here’s a quick rundown of the kinds of media\navailable to you when gardening without soil.\n\n### Types of Growing Media\n\nRockwool\n\nMade from basalt rock and chalk, Rockwool is probably the most popular growing\nmedium used by hydroponics gardeners. This porous material can trap large\nquantities of air and water at the same time.\n\nPerlite and Vermiculite\n\nPerlite is a pebbly volcanic rock that provides excellent drainage and\naeration when used as a growing medium. It has a good drainage characteristic\nwhich means it does not hold much water and limited ability to trap nutrients.\nVermiculite is a mineral that acts like a natural wick and is able to absorb\nlarge quantities of water. The combination of Perlite and Vermiculite is a\nnatural for hydroponics system: one holds air and oxygen, the other holds\nwater and nutrients.\n\nCoconut Fibres\n\nMade from the outer husks of coconuts this growing medium is becoming\nincreasingly popular with organic growers. Some hydroponics growers feel\ncoconut fibres are superior to Rockwool in their ability to retain air and\nwater.\n\nExpanded Clay Pellets\n\nThis medium is made from baked clay. The pellets are porous and retain both\nair and water very well. They can be reused as long as they are first\nsterilized.\n\nAquarium Gravel\n\nThis is the same colored gravel that is used in fish tanks. The main reason\nfor its popularity is expense as it is inexpensive compared to other growing\nmedia. The downside is that it does not hold water, and therefore plant\nnutrients, very well at all. If you choose to use aquarium gravel you will\nneed a constant water supply for your plants to avoid root drying.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Grow Lights\n\n# The 4 Types of Grow Lights\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nJanuary 8, 2016\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nOf all the hardware used in an indoor garden or greenhouse few compare in\nimportance to horticultural lighting. For indoor gardens, horticultural\nlighting is the sole energy source for the plants. In greenhouses, artificial\nlighting supplements the sunlight and gives the plants enough light energy to\nperform up to the grower’s standards. Whether a gardener is looking for a\nprimary or supplementary lighting source, he or she should take the time to\nexamine the lighting technologies available for horticulture. When making a\nchoice, gardeners need to take into consideration the space they wish to\nilluminate and the cost of operation and maintenance. Currently there are four\ntechnologies used by horticulturists: high intensity discharge (HID), light\nemitting diodes (LEDs), fluorescents, and induction lighting.\n\n### High Intensity Discharge (HID)\n\nHigh intensity discharge lighting includes both metal halide (MH) and high\npressure sodium (HPS). HID lighting consists of three components: the ballast,\nthe reflector or socket, and the bulb. Ballasts can be specific to the type of\nbulb (MH only or HPS only) or they can be switchable, or “smart” ballasts,\nwhich have the ability to operate either type of bulb. Most ballasts are\nspecific to wattage; although some of the newer, digital ballasts can operate\ndifferent wattage bulbs. The ballast connects to the power supply and acts as\na power converter so the bulb receives the proper current. The reflector, or\nsocket, is the component that connects the ballast to the bulb and the bulb\nitself is the component that actually emits the light. After receiving the\nproper current from the ballast, the bulb converts that energy into light. HID\nlighting is still the most popular choice for horticulturists for a few\nreasons. First, this technology has been around for a long time and is used in\nother industries. This means there are many manufacturers which helps lower\nthe cost. Initial cost is not the only reason horticulturists continue to\nchoose HID lighting. High wattage HID fixtures are very powerful and have the\ncapability of penetrating a plant canopy along with covering a large area. For\nexample, an indoor horticulturist who is using a 1000 watt HID light can\nadequately cover 25-50 square feet of garden space. Greenhouse growers looking\nfor supplemental lighting can cover even more space with that same 1000 watt\nfixture. It is not uncommon for greenhouse gardeners to have a 1000 watt HID\ncover 100+ square feet for supplementary lighting purposes. Long story short,\nHID lighting has a low initial cost for a relatively large coverage area. This\nis the main reason HID lighting has remained so popular among horticulturists.\n\n### Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)\n\nLight emitting diodes, or LEDs, have been steadily gaining acceptance since\ntheir introduction within the horticultural community roughly ten years ago.\nUnlike other lighting technologies used in horticulture, LEDs are a solid\nstate device which makes them extremely durable. LED fixtures usually consist\nof the panel of LEDs and a circuit board (generally housed within the lighting\nfixture). Many horticultural LEDs contain a heat sink and/or fan to help\ndissipate heat and increase the fixture’s life span. The biggest advantages of\nLED technology are longevity and the ability to customize the light spectrum.\nPlants have a heightened response to particular light wavelengths and LED\ntechnology has the ability to provide higher amounts of the particular\nwavelengths plants desire. LEDs are the only technology that has the potential\nto manipulate the ratio of these wavelengths into the perfect ratio for\nphotosynthesis. The first few generations of horticultural LEDs were somewhat\nof a disappointment to the horticultural community because they lacked the\nintensity to compete with HID lighting fixtures. Many of the original LED\nfixtures contained only two wavelengths of light (red and blue) and utilized\nlow wattage diodes. LEDs have made great strides since the first generation\nand today’s horticultural LEDs have the ability to compete with HID lighting\nin many ways. Many of the new LED fixtures contain more advanced wavelength\nratios along with higher wattage diodes which allow for a greater penetration\ninto the plant canopy. When comparing this technology to HID lighting,\ncoverage is still somewhat of an issue. LED fixtures, unless they contain a\nspecial lens, are generally light-directional and the light will not spread\nout and cover a large area like a HID light. However, LEDs’ higher energy\nefficiency combined with a lower heat signature has many indoor\nhorticulturists, at the very least, giving LEDs serious consideration. There\nare also many greenhouse gardeners who have had success using LEDs for\nsupplemental lighting.\n\n### Fluorescents\n\nFluorescent lighting has been used in horticulture for many years. Thanks to\nsome of the newer fluorescents that are much more efficient than the shop\nlights from your dad’s basement, fluorescents still have a solid place in\nhorticulture. High efficiency fluorescents, like the T5 style, are still very\npopular among indoor horticulturists for vegetative lighting or for seedlings\nand clones. Fluorescent tubes, like the T5, automatically disperse light\nevenly throughout the entire length of the bulb. This is ideal for keeping\nyoung plants even in growth. Young plants grown under HID lighting (or any\nlight source that is emitted from a single focal point) need to be\ncontinuously rotated to remain uniform. Unfortunately, as with the early\ngenerations of horticultural LEDs, fluorescents generally lack the punch\nneeded to penetrate deep into a plant canopy for fruiting or flowering plants.\nAlthough some gardeners have had success fruiting under fluorescent lighting,\nHID lighting is a far more popular choice for fruiting plants. The light\ncoverage of fluorescents is also limited to pretty much directly under the\nfixture which makes them less desirable for larger areas. Fluorescents can be\na solid choice for supplementary lighting purposes in a greenhouse, especially\nwhen the grower is trying to limit heat in the greenhouse. When raised high\nenough above the plants, fluorescents can give adequate coverage in a\ngreenhouse for supplementary purposes. However, if the garden requires more\nthan four hours per day of supplementary lighting (like in a year round\ngreenhouse) HID lighting may be a better fit.\n\n### Induction Lighting\n\nInduction lighting is a technology that has recently been making headway in\nthe indoor gardening industry. Induction lighting is unique in that it\nutilizes a sealed bulb design. This differs from HID and standard fluorescents\nbecause these technologies rely on electrodes which bring electricity into the\nbulb. Induction lighting utilizes microwave or radio frequencies to pass\nthrough the sealed bulb and excite the metals and gases sealed within. There\nare two types of induction lighting currently used in horticulture: induction\nfluorescents and sulfur plasma.\n\nInduction Fluorescents\n\nInduction fluorescents have all of the advantages of standard fluorescents but\nwill not degrade as quickly. This allows them to retain a high CRI (color\nrendition index) and high amount of PAR (photosynthetically active radiation)\nfor a long time. What this equates to is more uniform growth in the garden and\nmuch less maintenance. The initial cost of these fixtures is high but the\ngardener will not have to pay for bulb replacement throughout the entire life\nspan of the fixture (usually 10-15 years). Like the T5 fluorescents, induction\nfluorescents are a great choice for vegetative growth or clones and seedlings.\nInduction fluorescents also have a coverage limited to almost directly under\nthe light source. To combat this problem, some indoor horticulturists will\nplace multiple fixtures close together to get adequate coverage.\n\nSulfur Plasma\n\nSulfur plasma is an induction technology that emits all its light from a small\nquartz sphere. The most promising thing about sulfur plasma is that it has the\nintensity of HID lighting with a more suitable light spectrum for plant\ngrowth. In fact, sulfur plasma lighting has the closest spectral light output\nto that of the sun than any other artificial light source. As with HID\nlighting, coverage and plant canopy penetration are not issues for sulfur\nplasma. Sulfur plasma is the newest lighting technology to be introduced to\nthe horticultural industry and is currently very expensive. As more\nmanufacturers produce sulfur plasma lighting, there will be a reduction in\ncost and, hopefully, a continued increase in efficiency. Sulfur plasma\nlighting could be the ideal lighting source for both indoor gardens and\ngreenhouses in the future. Another advantage of sulfur plasma is longevity. As\nwith induction fluorescents and LEDs, sulfur plasma lighting can last up to 10\nyears and will lose very little PAR and CRI over the course of the fixture’s\nlife span.\n\nWhen purchasing a horticultural lighting system and facing all the choices,\ngardeners have their work cut out for them. As the old saying goes “there is\nmore than one way to skin a cat”. This could not be more true when it comes to\nhorticultural lighting. All of the previously discussed technologies work well\nto grow plants. Some are more efficient with a higher initial cost while\nothers are inexpensive and lose more energy to heat. Personal preference, an\nindividual’s budget, and the specific use for the fixture are all things that\na grower must weigh heavily before making his or her final decision about a\nlighting system. Some gardeners want to experiment with the latest and\ngreatest in horticultural lighting technologies. Some gardeners want a\nreliable lighting system that will not break their budgets. In the end, it is\nultimately up to the gardener which lighting fixture is the best fit for his\nor her garden.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Greenhouse Lighting Options\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nDecember 16, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWhether it’s to provide supplementary lighting or to extend the length of the\nphotoperiod, some greenhouse growers are equipping their greenhouses with\nartificial light sources. Before purchasing a lighting system for a\ngreenhouse, a grower should first determine which type of lighting system will\nbest meet their needs.\n\n### T-12 Fluorescent\n\nT-12 fluorescent lights are the standard four foot fluorescent lights commonly\nused in garages and shops. In fact, many people refer to T-12 fluorescents as\n“shop lights”. Although T-12 fluorescents are just fine for starting seeds\nindoors or illuminating indoor houseplants, they usually lack the intensity\nand efficiency to provide light to plants in a greenhouse.\n\n### T-5 Fluorescent\n\nT-5 fluorescents are a more powerful and efficient version of fluorescent\nlighting. Still available in four foot lengths, the skinnier T-5 bulbs are 54\nwatts each. Specialty horticultural enhanced bulbs are available for T-5\nfixtures in both the warm (red) and cool (blue) spectrums. The warm spectrum\nbulbs are rated around 3000 K and the cool spectrum bulbs are rated around\n6400 K. During the fruiting or flowering stage of growth most plants require a\nhigher percentage of red spectrum light. During the vegetative stage of growth\nplants require more blue spectrum light. Many T-5 fixtures hold multiple bulbs\nand allow “banks” of bulbs to be turned on or off. In other words, it is\npossible to set up a T-5 fixture to customize the light spectrum in your\ngreenhouse. During the vegetative stage, the bank with the blue bulbs should\nbe on. When the transition or flowering stage begins the banks with the red\nspectrum bulbs can be activated in order to give the plants the more\nappropriate spectrum for that stage of growth. Generally speaking, T-5\nfluorescents are the most cost effective option for the hobby greenhouse\ngrower.\n\n### Metal Halide\n\nMetal halide is a type of high intensity discharge (HID) lighting that can be\nused in greenhouses. Metal halide lighting systems are more intense than\nfluorescent lighting fixtures and are a good choice when growing roses,\ntropical palm, or other plants that will require more intensity than\nfluorescents can provide. Metal halides generally produce a white or blue\nspectral output which makes them a good fit for vegetative growth. Metal\nhalides are commercial quality fixtures that come in 400, 600, or 1,000 watts.\nMetal halide lighting systems require three components: the bulb, the ballast\nand the reflector or socket base. These lighting systems create a good amount\nof heat and can be quite expensive to operate. However, in some cases, metal\nhalide is the only way to provide plants with the intense blue light spectrum\nthey require for vegetative growth.\n\n### High Pressure Sodium\n\nLike metal halide, high pressure sodium is a type of HID lighting. These\nlighting systems are also available in 400, 600, and 1000 watts. The biggest\ndifference between high pressure sodium and metal halide is the spectral\noutput. High pressure sodiums provide a good amount of red spectrum. This\nmakes these lighting systems a great fit for fruiting or flowering plants.\nSince high pressure sodiums are also a type of HID lighting system, they will\nalso require a ballast and reflector or socket.\n\nIf you have determined that your greenhouse will require a HID lighting system\nand you plan to provide artificial light during the plant’s vegetative and\nflowering stages, you should look into a convertible ballast. Convertible\nballasts allow the grower to use both metal halide and high pressure sodium\nbulbs in the same fixture (but not simultaneously). A grower can use his or\nher metal halide bulb during the vegetative stage and then switch to a high\npressure sodium bulb during the flowering stage.\n\n### LEDs\n\nThere is certainly an emerging opportunity for LED lighting systems to be\nincorporated into the greenhouse. Consumers should be aware that LEDs are very\nspectral specific and they need to make sure the LED light system they\npurchase provides the spectral output required by their plants. Unfortunately,\nthere are a lot of variables to consider when comparing LED lighting fixtures.\nThe light spectrum, actual wattage, and type of lens used are all things to\nconsider when purchasing a LED system. There is also a wide variance in\noverall quality. Many of the cheap LED fixtures will not stand up to the\nconditions found within a greenhouse. There is no doubt that LED lighting\nsystems will continue to shape the future of horticulture but it is important\nfor consumers to closely examine what they are purchasing.\n\nFor more information ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Pest Control\n\n# Tips for Keeping Pests Out of the Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nNovember 18, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThe best way to avoid pest problems in a greenhouse is to keep them out to\nbegin with. The list that follows gives many ways to help keep a greenhouse\npest free. The more of these that can be integrate into greenhouse gardening\npractices, the better chance a gardener will have of winning the war against\nundesirable garden pests.\n\n### Start Plants from Seed\n\nIf plants are bought at a nursery or a garden center, one can not be assured\nthat the plants are perfectly clean. If one has been getting plants from a\nreputable producer and has not had problems in the past, it would be a good\nidea to stick with that grower, even if the prices are higher. Treated seeds\nare safer for starting your greenhouse plants. Untreated seeds are more likely\nto carry a seed-borne bacterial or fungal disease.\n\n### Repot Plants Outside the Greenhouse\n\nRepotting plants should be done outside of the greenhouse, and any used pots\nshould be cleaned and disinfected with a 10% bleach solution before use.\nCommercially available soilless mix should be used as the media for seed\nstarting and potting greenhouse plants. This will allow one to avoid\nintroducing insect and microbial pests that often live in soil.\n\n### Protect the Work Area\n\nProtect the ground on the floor of the greenhouse with a barrier to keep soil\nborn pests from digging their way in from the outside. Work in the greenhouse\nfirst before working in the outside garden. Outside plants should not be kept\nnear the greenhouse door. These plants can be a safe harbor for bugs waiting\nfor a chance to get in the greenhouse.\n\nHands should always be washed before going into the greenhouse. This is\nparticularly important after working with plants, or produce in the kitchen.\n\nIf one has been in close contact with plants, grass or dirt/mud, a change of\nclothing may be in order before entering the greenhouse. If one has been\nwalking through grass or mud, it is a good idea to remove footwear, before\nentering your greenhouse. If one will be walking in the woods or a wooded area\nunder trees, or even just walking on dirt paths, try to do it after working in\nthe greenhouse.\n\nConsider possible contamination by visitors to the greenhouse. Visitors should\nnot enter the greenhouse after being in another greenhouse, a garden or an\nagricultural field.\n\n### Clean the Tools\n\nInsects, mites or diseases can be taken into the greenhouse on garden tools\nthat have been used outside. Tools should be thoroughly washed and disinfected\nwith a 10% bleach solution before bringing them in the greenhouse and in\nbetween working on separate plants.\n\nItems that have been exposed to plants or produce are a source of\ncontaminants. Used plant shipping boxes and produce shipping boxes may be very\nuseful, but they should never be taken into the greenhouse.\n\n### No Pets Allowed\n\nDogs and cats, that live or spend time outdoors, should never be allowed in\nthe greenhouse.\n\n### A Few More Things\n\nScreen air intakes to the greenhouse with a very fine mesh. The screen area\nshould be at least five times the area of the greenhouse air intake, as to not\nrestrict airflow.\n\nConsider if a double door is possible. This is particularly helpful in keeping\nmoths and butterflies out. Moths and butterflies are not generally a problem\nthemselves, but when they lay their eggs on your plants, they will soon hatch\ncaterpillars and start to eat their hosts. On your daily bases remove any of\nthem that are present.\n\nSticky fly traps can help in early detection of some flying and crawling\npests.\n\nInspect plants as often as possible for visual predators or damage caused by\nharmful pests, fungus, bacteria or disease.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Sizing Heating and Cooling Equipment for a Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nNovember 17, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nMaintaining consistent temperatures is one of the most important aspects of\ngreenhouse gardening. During the hot, summer months, most greenhouses will\nrequire some sort of cooling to ensure the temperatures don’t get too hot.\nDuring the cold winter months, most greenhouses will require some sort of\nheating to ensure temperatures do not get too cold. Before purchasing any\nheating or cooling equipment, a grower should take a close look at his or her\nspace and make a few sizing calculations. With these calculations and a few\nconsiderations, a horticulturist can be sure to get the properly sized heating\nand cooling devices needed to keep the greenhouses’ temperature in check.\n\n### Cooling/Ventilation\n\nThe most effective way to cool most greenhouses is with a powered fan. A\npowered fan will actively draw fresh air through the greenhouse and exhaust it\noutside of the greenhouse. The cooler air, from outside along with a natural\nevaporative effect, help keep the greenhouse cooler. In fact, a powered\nventilation system will typically make a greenhouse run 10 degrees cooler than\nif the greenhouse is passively cooled (vents only). To make sure there is\nenough cooling power, a gardener must “size” the fan that will be needed for\nthe given garden space. Fans are rated by their CFM or cubic feet per minute.\nIdeally, a greenhouse should have all of its air exchanged in 1-2 minutes. A\nsimple and straightforward way to determine the needed CFM is to multiply the\nlength by the width by the wall height of the greenhouse as shown below:\n\n#### CFM Calculation\n\nLength x Width x Wall Height = Recommended CFM (Cubic Feet of air volume per\nMinute)\n\nGranted, this is not an exact calculation of the greenhouse’s cubic feet\nbecause it does not take into consideration the roof pitch, etc. However, this\nmeasurement is accurate enough to properly size a powered fan for a\ngreenhouse. Once a grower has calculated the recommended CFM, he or she can\nset out to find a fan that meets that criteria. For example, a greenhouse that\nis 20 feet long, 10 feet wide, and has a wall height of 10 feet will have a\nrecommended CFM of 2,000 (20 x 10 x 10 = 2,000). The owner of this greenhouse\nshould purchase a fan with a minimum of a 2,000 CFM rating.\n\n### Heating\n\nA gardener planning to heat his or her greenhouse with gas or electric must\nfirst determine the size of the heater. The best way to determine this is to\nfigure out how many BTUs will be required to heat the space. This is done by\nfirst calculating the total square footage of exposed surface area. In other\nwords, the exposed wall and roof surface area. Remember that the roof area,\ndue to the pitch, will not be equivalent to the area of the floor. In fact,\nthe exposed surface area of the roof will be larger than the floor area\nfootage. After determining the total square footage exposed, the grower must\ndetermine the maximum desired temperature in the winter (the temperature at\nwhich the gardener wants the greenhouse to operate during the winter months)\nand the minimum temperature outside of the greenhouse. Remember to be\nrealistic when making the temperature determinations. In other words, base\nyour calculations on average temperatures rather than the extremes. The BTU\ncalculation is completed when you multiply the total exposed surface area by\nthe difference between the desired temperature and the outside minimum\ntemperature, and then divide that number by the R-value of the greenhouse\nmaterial. It’s important to remember when calculating the required BTUs that\ngas heaters operate at 80% efficiency compared to electric heaters which\noperate at 100% efficiency. In other words, a grower must take the lower\nefficiency into consideration in his or her calculations or he or she must\nfind the gas heater’s output BTU rating (which already takes the 80%\nefficiency into consideration).The following is the formula that should be\nused to calculate the needed BTUs:\n\n#### BTU Calculation\n\nSq. Ft. Exposed Surface Area x ( Tmax – Tmin ) ÷ R Square Feet of Glass or\nPoly Surface Area x (Desired Temperature Inside – Minimum Temperature Outside)\n÷ R-value\n\nHere are the R-values of some commonly used greenhouse glazing materials:\n\nMaterial\n\n|\n\nR-Value \n \n---|--- \n \nGlass – Single Pane\n\n|\n\n1.0 \n \nPolycarbonate – 8mm Twinwall\n\n|\n\n1.7 \n \nPolycarbonate – 8mm Triplewall\n\n|\n\n2.1 \n \nGlass – Double Pane\n\n|\n\n2.3 \n \nPolycarbonate – 16mm Triplewall\n\n|\n\n2.6 \n \nPolycarbonate – 16mm Five-wall\n\n|\n\n3.0 \n \nGlass – Double Pane Low-E\n\n|\n\n4.0 \n \nAlthough all of these R-values may seem low when compared to a home or\ncommercial building, there is a significant difference when comparing these\nmaterials to each other. For example, a greenhouse with single pane glass will\nrequire twice the BTUs (and cost twice as much to heat) as a greenhouse with a\ntriplewall polycarbonate. In other words, when compared to each other, the\nR-values of these materials are quite significant, especially when considering\nhow the required heating load is affected.\n\nWith a few simple calculations, any greenhouse grower can determine the\nappropriate size cooling fan and heater for his or her greenhouse. Greenhouses\nthat have properly sized heating and cooling equipment will not only allow a\ngardener to extend the growing season but will also efficiently control\ntemperatures in the greenhouse.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Grow All Year Round with Artificial Heat\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nOctober 20, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nA gardener who owns a greenhouse has the capability of extending the growing\nseason by a few months each year. There are even a select few greenhouse\ngardeners who can get away with growing year round without adding a heating\nsystem. In most climates, however, during the winter months the nighttime\ntemperatures become too cold for most plant species. In order for most\ngreenhouse hobbyists to keep the greenhouse operational year round, some sort\nof heating system will need to be added. The three most common ways to heat a\nhobby greenhouse are with gas, electric, or passive solar heat.\n\n### Gas\n\nHeating a greenhouse with gas is the least expensive option. The cost of\nheating a greenhouse with gas is the main advantage of gas heating and is the\nmain reason people choose gas heating over other options. Beware of open flame\nheaters for greenhouse applications. These heaters will emit ethylene gas\nwhich can affect budding plants, such as orchids, to the point where their\nblossoms will not form or will fall off altogether. The other problem with\nopen flame heaters is they have safety oxygen sensors which will automatically\nturn off the unit when depleted oxygen levels occur. This is a great safety\nfeature for a heater within a home but in a greenhouse it can cause some\nproblems. Many of the newer greenhouses are practically air tight which means\nthey can get depleted oxygen levels fairly easily. If the heater turns off\nduring the night, all the plants in the greenhouse could perish. Gas heaters\nthat have a flue and are power exhausted are the best for greenhouse\napplications. These heaters will need to have a hole punched into the side of\nthe greenhouse for the exhaust. All in all, an average gas heater for a\ngreenhouse runs at 80% efficiency (mainly due to the heat loss through the\nexhaust ports).\n\n### Electric\n\nBecause there is no need for ventilation with electric heat, this type of\nheating is the most efficient. Electric heating runs at 100% efficiency.\nHowever, electricity is expensive and heating a greenhouse year round with\nelectricity alone may be too expensive for many gardeners’ greenhouse budgets.\nHowever, there are some ways a gardener can supplement heat naturally to\noffset some of the cost of heating with electricity. For example, passive\nsolar heat can be used to offset some of the cost associated with electric\nheating. If you do choose to go with an electric heater, it is best to get a\n240V heater which will have plenty of heat capacity. Over the long run, 240V\nunits save money and are very reliable. If you must go with a 120V unit, try\nto avoid infrared heaters or heaters that transfer heat to objects instead of\nheating the air. For greenhouse applications, a gardener will need a heater\nthat will heat the air within the greenhouse. The best inexpensive 120V\nheaters for greenhouses are the oil-filled radiator-style heaters. If placed\nnear a fan, these small heaters can adequately heat some small hobby\ngreenhouses during the winter months.\n\n### Passive Solar Heat\n\nPassive solar heat refers to collecting heat from the sun’s radiation during\nthe daytime and releasing that heat into the greenhouse during the nighttime.\nThis is usually done with water or some other thermal mass that is capable of\nabsorbing and holding heat for a duration of time. One technique is to line\nthe north wall of a greenhouse with black water containers. When placed on the\nnorth wall, these containers will not shade light from reaching the plants in\nthe greenhouse; instead, they will absorb light and heat that passes through\nthe greenhouse to the north wall. When the sun sets, the heat that is held by\nthe water will slowly dissipate into the greenhouse environment. When passive\nsolar heat is used in conjunction with electric heat, it can significantly\nreduce the annual cost of heating a greenhouse.\n\nFor more information please visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\nPhoto: The pictured 5-gallon water jugs are painted black and stacked against\nthe north wall of the greenhouse to act as Passive Solar Heat Collectors in\nthe winter.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# Easy Composting with the Smart Pot Compost Sak\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nOctober 13, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nGardeners who live in the city often do not have the space for a traditional\ncompost pile. However, this doesn’t mean that a gardener living in an urban\narea cannot set up a compost bin and reap the rewards of composting. The idea\nof turning kitchen scraps and yard debris into an organic amendment for garden\nsoil is catching on with an increasing amount of urban gardeners. The good\nfolks at Smart Pot have created the most affordable way an urban gardener can\nget started composting their kitchen scraps and yard debris right away. The\nproduct is called the Compost Sak.\n\n### The Compost Sak\n\nThe Compost Sak is pretty self-explanatory. It is a large sack designed for\ncomposting. The Compost Sak is made out of a porous fabric material which\nallows the compost to “breath”, in comparison to traditional nonporous bins.\nThe Compost Sak is designed to be filled with kitchen scraps, yard debris,\nand/or other compostable items. The Compost Sak has a capacity of over 100\ngallons. At 30” wide and 38” tall, the Compost Sak is capable of producing 12\ncubic feet of pure compost. Some gardeners even add worms to their Compost\nSaks to aid the composting process.\n\nGetting started composting with a Compost Sak couldn’t be any easier. Start by\nplacing the Compost Sak in a location that receives some sun and is mostly out\nof the way (for your convenience). Try to add two or three parts “brown”\nmaterial for every one part “green” material. “Brown” material includes dead\nleaves; dried straw, cardboard, etc. “Green” material refers to wet plant\nmaterial, like grass clippings, and kitchen scraps, such as banana peels. The\nactual compost process will begin naturally on its own. There are commercial\ncompost starting agents available if a gardener wishes to get a leg-up on\ncomposting. Some people add a little water when they start a compost pile.\nJust be careful not to add too much. The key to a successful compost pile is a\ngood ratio of moisture and oxygen. The balance between the two is what makes\nthe microorganisms thrive.\n\nThe Compost Sak by Smart Pot is a lightweight, affordable, and easy way for\nanyone to get into composting. This product is not designed to replace high-\nend tumble composters or to replace the traditional multi-bin composting\ntechnique. Instead, the Compost Sak is designed to give gardeners, who live in\nthe city or who do not have a lot of space, a way to inexpensively get into\ncomposting immediately.\n\nFor more information visit Compostsak.com or Smartpots.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Hydroponics\n\n# Flood Tray Liners by Smart Pot\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nSeptember 22, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nFlood and drain, also known as ebb and flow, hydroponic systems are one of the\nmost popular hydroponic systems used by horticulturists. Most flood and drain\nsystems consist of a tray (which holds the plants) and a reservoir (which\nholds the nutrient solution). The tray is set on a stand or raised up on\nblocks so that the bottom of the tray is higher than the top of the reservoir.\nIn most cases, the tray sits directly above or sometimes even rests on top of\nthe reservoir. A submersible pump within the reservoir then pumps the nutrient\nsolution into the tray. The tray has an overflow valve installed so the depth\nof the nutrient solution in the tray can be controlled and ensures the tray\ndoesn’t overflow with nutrient solution. After a set duration of time, the\npump shuts down and, with the help of gravity, the nutrient solution drains\nback into the reservoir. As with other hydroponic systems, plants grown in a\nflood and drain system generally experience faster growth rates and larger\nyields.\n\nOne issue with conventional flood and drain systems is the growing medium used\nin the planting containers and how it affects the pump. Because the nutrient\nsolution needs to enter the planting containers from the bottom, a flood and\ndrain system requires open bottomed planting containers. Typical planting\ncontainers can be used in a flood and drain system but can cause issues due to\nthe size of the drainage holes in the container. As the water flows back to\nthe reservoir and out of the planting containers, it can bring with it\nsediment and soil that will damage the pump and possibly compromise the entire\nhydroponic system.\n\nMany growers who use flood and drain systems have already discovered the great\nbenefits of using Smart Pot planting containers. Smart Pot fabric containers\ncan act as filtration screens for the medium. When used in a flood and drain\nsystem, a Smart Pot fabric container will allow the nutrient solution to reach\nthe root mass but will keep all soil and sediment from reaching the pump.\n\n### Flood Tray Liners by Smart Pot\n\nThe folks at Smart Pot took flood and drain hydroponic gardening to the next\nlevel when they introduced their Flood Tray Liners. These Flood Tray Liners\nare made from the same great material as the Smart Pot containers and fit\ndirectly into the flood tray. These liners give the grower many different\noptions. Growers can place the medium directly into the liner and grow their\nplants in a large bed or they can use virtually any planting container they\ndesire regardless of the size of holes in the bottom of the container. The\nFlood Tray Liner will essentially act as a filter so that the nutrient\nsolution is never contaminated with soil or sediment from the medium. The\nFlood Tray Liners by Smart Pot come in three convenient sizes which fit the\nmost commonly used flood trays: 4’ x 4’, 4’ x 8’, 3’ x 3’. Smart Pot’s Flood\nTray Liners will save a grower both time and money and are a simple way to\nincrease the productivity of a flood and drain hydroponic garden.\n\nFor more information visit Smartpots.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Foundations for Greenhouses\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nSeptember 15, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWhen setting up a greenhouse, one of the most important aspects of the\nconstruction process is the foundation. There are a few different types of\nfoundations that can be used for greenhouses. The foundation used will be\ndetermined by the type of greenhouse, the building codes and, in some cases,\npersonal preference. Essentially, the foundation is the complete system on\nwhich the greenhouse structure sits. One of the key components of a foundation\nis the footing. The footing refers to the point at which the structure meets\nthe soil. This is the section that the structure rests upon. Footers are not\nalways necessary for a standard hobby greenhouse. In situations where they are\nnecessary, footers are typically poured concrete and their exact depth is\ndetermined by local building codes and the location’s frost levels. Footers\nhelp to prevent sagging or the dropping of the structure’s walls and/or floor\ninto the ground. The choices for a greenhouse’s foundation are typically\ndependent on the type of greenhouse structure that will be built.\n\n### Attached Greenhouses\n\nIf you have an attached even-span or a lean-to greenhouse there is a need for\nfooters with the foundation. Local building codes will determine the exact\ndepth needed for the footers. Basically, attached greenhouses require frost\nfree footers that will not shift or move. As the ground freezes and thaws\nstructures without the proper foundation could move or sag. If you plan on\nbuilding an attached greenhouse, you should also plan on a more extensive\nfoundation. In most cases, the gardener is already planning on the expense of\na foundation for the attached greenhouse so the cost of pouring a concrete pad\nfor the floor is seen as a minimal addition. However, some gardeners still\nprefer the moist, earthy smell of gravel and will have a gravel floor\ninstalled. A limestone screening and weed barrier placed beneath the gravel\nwill ensure no weeds start growing from the floor. Some gardeners prefer a\ngravel floor for its natural drainage properties as well. Regardless of the\nfloor material chosen, the footing requirements will not change.\n\n### Freestanding Hobby Greenhouses\n\nSmaller, freestanding greenhouses do not have the same requirements as an\nattached greenhouse and, therefore, give the grower more options when it comes\nto the foundation and floor. Freestanding greenhouses can have a concrete slab\npoured without a deep foundation. In fact, if the greenhouse doesn’t have a\nknee wall, it can be placed directly on a cement slab or it can be placed on a\n4’ x 6” treated lumber base. The best wood choices for a lumber base are\nusually cedar, redwood, or cypress. Rebar can be added to the wooden base for\nadditional support if desired. For a freestanding greenhouse with a knee wall\n(a brick or cinder block wall that stands roughly knee high), a 12” x 12”\nsurface footer is required. This is because the additional weight of the brick\nor cinder blocks could otherwise sink in to the soil and affect the structural\nintegrity of the greenhouse. Knee walls are usually installed to add design\nappeal and for their natural high thermal mass. During the day, the stones\nabsorb heat from the sun and during the night, they act as a passive heater as\nthe heat is released into the greenhouse.\n\nGenerally speaking, greenhouses that are attached to the home or freestanding\ngreenhouses that are more than 120 square feet will need building permits or\nwill have to be up to code. However, it is always a good idea to check the\nlocal city codes to see what permits and footings are required before\nbeginning construction on any greenhouse.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Containers\n\n# What is Wrong With Transplanting\n\nPublished\n\n5 years ago\n\non\n\nSeptember 8, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nI hear a lot of indoor and container gardeners speaking about how\ntransplanting is bad, and that you want to minimize it. They also complain\nthat it damages and stresses the root zone and causes the plant react poorly\nand be sad\n\n### None of Us Want Sad Plants\n\nMangling and abusing the root zone it is not a good idea – trauma is not good\nfor anyone or their plants. I don’t care what they say about “What doesn’t\nkill you makes you stronger” it isn’t accurate, because a maiming is not\nsomething that any plant wants, and it’s not the way to help a plant thrive.\n\n### Transplanting is Different\n\nTransplanting is a form of plant management that considers the optimal and\nmost efficient environment for a plant’s root zone at any stage of growth.\nTransplanting is:\n\n * A way of controlling growth\n * A way to reduce costs\n * A way to reduce problems caused by environmental excesses\n\nIn the root’s environment, an excess of moisture and the absence of oxygen\nwill have an effect on the susceptibility of a plant to pathogens.\n\n### Start Small\n\nWhen you are container gardening and growing indoors start small with your\nplants because small works in almost every situation. In a small container,\nthe roots can grow into it without stagnant pockets where no uptake occurs.\nLet the plant grow into its container, and then give it some time. At each\ninterval, when the roots have filled in, give it a bit more room and energy by\ntransplanting.\n\nA good rule of thumb I learned from a mentor is to double the container size\nevery couple of weeks. You can modify that schedule, if needed, to control the\ngrowth – hold it longer and keep it from exploding, in the right conditions it\nwill thank you. Plus, smaller pots mean we use less water, fewer nutrients and\nlower costs.\n\nIf you follow this process you can keep the substrate moist and the roots can\nhandle it. If a container that is too large is used for a root mass that is\ntoo small, over-watering can cause death or stagnation. When this happens the\nplants suffer and a grower only wastes money and time.\n\nAt each transplant interval, give the plant what it needs and when it is time\nto move the plant do it gently. This process can be made easier by using\ncontainers that facilitate easy removal – graduated and conical shapes are\nbest. Start by massaging and whacking the outside of the pot to break off the\nlimpet-like roots, and then hold the soil with the stalk as you remove the old\npot. The plant will barely notice.\n\nEmulating nature is great, but urban gardeners do not have the luxury of\nsunlight in the best latitudes, constant fresh air and water, microbial and\nfungal networks, thriving ecosystems of predators and prey, etc. it just isn’t\navailable in a contained setting. But you do have the ability to coax plants\ninto their optimal states in indoor and container gardens. With the right\nconditions and proper care there is some certainty that horticulture can bring\nout more from a plant than nature can alone.\n\nJason Rider is the president of Thriving Systems Design. He can be contacted\nat j.rider@c-bite.com and you can visit their website at C-Bite.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Pest Control\n\n# Conventional Pesticides Versus Minimum Risk Pesticides\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nAugust 18, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nA pesticide is any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,\ndestroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest and will make claims of this on\nthe label and advertising. Any substance falling within this definition of a\npesticide must be registered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)\nbefore it can be legally sold or distributed in the United States. Section\n25(b) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) has\ndetermined a Minimum Risk Pesticide does not require EPA registration because\nit poses little to no risk to human health or the environment. Individual\nstates may still require registration of minimum risk pesticides.\n\nEven the most careful indoor gardeners can suffer from insect and disease\nproblems with their plants. Minimum risk pesticides are made from natural\ningredients that have proven over time to defend against insects and disease,\nmaking them an effective option for prevention and control that is also non-\ntoxic to humans. Minimum risk pesticides are generally a solution of botanical\noils from herbs such as clove, thyme and rosemary. They work on contact by\nsmothering and dehydrating insects and disease spores while providing a\nbarrier preventing pest establishment.\n\n### Things to Consider When Selecting a Minimum Risk Pesticide\n\n#### Safety and Use\n\nIt is important to remember that these products are still pesticides and\nthough their ingredients are naturally occurring, it does not mean all of them\nare suitable for consumption. Not all minimum risk pesticides are allowed for\nuse on food crops. EPA regulations are very specific on which products are\nallowed and which are not. A product label should clearly list specific\ninsects, diseases, and the crops they can be applied on.\n\n#### Ingredients Approved for Use on Food\n\nCastor oil (U.S.P. or equivalent), cinnamon and cinnamon oil, citric acid,\ncloves and clove oil, corn gluten meal, corn oil, cottonseed oil, garlic and\ngarlic oil, geraniol, mint and mint oil, peppermint and peppermint oil,\npotassium sorbate, putrescent whole egg solids, rosemary and rosemary oil,\nsesame (includes ground sesame plant) and sesame oil, sodium chloride (common\nsalt), soybean oil, thyme and thyme oil, white pepper\n\n#### Ingredients Not Approved for Use on Food\n\nCedar oil, citronella and citronella oil, dried blood, eugenol, geranium oil,\nlauryl sulfate, lemongrass oil, linseed oil, malic acid, 2-phenethyl\npropionate, sodium lauryl sulfate, zinc metal strips\n\n### Efficacy and Control\n\nThere are significant differences in efficacy and control when using natural\nproducts. It may cost a little more, but purchasing the right product should\nresolve your pest problem and be safe for you and your plant. An easy test is\nto compare two products with the same active ingredient at different price\npoints. The higher priced item is likely to have more active ingredient\nleading to a greater chance for control. Research the products before you make\na purchase, a little digging can give you a lot of insight into what goes into\nmaking and supporting each product. For example, can you find test data to\nprove efficacy? Has a product been formulated using new techniques or\ntechnologies to give it a performance edge? These questions are just the start\nto finding the best minimum risk pesticide for your needs.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Propagation\n\n# A Consistent Environment is a Key Factor in Successful Plant Propagation\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 27, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAlthough germination and rooting techniques vary depending on the specific\nplant species, there are some general guidelines that can be followed for\npropagating the majority of greenhouse ornamentals and vegetable plants.\n\n### From Seed (Sexual Propagation)\n\nA plant started from seed receives its genetics in a manner similar to the way\nhumans receive genetics. Just as we are made up of a combination of our father\nand mother, a plant started from seed is made from the genetics of its father\nand mother. As with humans, some traits can skip generations and there is no\nguarantee that a plant started from seed will inherit specific traits from its\nmother or father. This is the main reason the majority of commercial plant\npropagation is done by clone or tissue culture. Starting from seed is\nunpredictable but it is also a chance to start a completely unique plant that\nwill add more biodiversity to our wonderful planet.\n\n#### Temperature and Humidity for Starting Seeds\n\nGermination is the process in which the plant emerges from the seed to start\nits life. For most plants germination is best done in a very moist (high\nhumidity) environment at a reasonably warm temperature, usually around 75-85\ndegrees F (the exception to this would be seeds that are generally planted in\nearly spring when the ground temperature is much cooler). Propagation trays\nwith humidity domes are great for starting seeds because they create a\nmicroclimate that is more easily controlled. Seeds can be placed directly into\na moist medium in the tray and covered with the humidity dome. If the\nenvironment is not at least 75 degrees F consistently, it is advised to place\na seedling heat mat under the tray to keep a constant temperature. Plants, in\ngeneral, respond better to consistency and this is especially true with seeds\nor clones. Keep the top portion of the medium moist until all of the seeds\nhave sprouted. Once the seedlings have broken the surface, lift the dome off\nperiodically to bring in fresh air and also acclimate the seedlings to the\nlower humidity of the environment. Slowly increase the amount of time each day\nthe dome is removed until it is removed entirely. Most varieties of plants can\nbe acclimated in a matter of a few days. Follow the seed packet’s instructions\nfor thinning, spacing, and transplanting.\n\nAnother popular germination method is the wet paper towel technique. Place\nyour seeds in a damp paper towel and fold the paper towel over the seeds. Put\nthe paper towel in a ziplock bag and place it on top of your refrigerator\n(toward the back; this keeps the seeds at a consistent temperature). Check\ndaily by gently unfolding the paper towel to examine the seeds. Keep the paper\ntowel moist; adding water if necessary. In a few days you should see the first\nroot coming out of the seed (radicle root). Gently, using a tweezers if\nnecessary, place the seed into the soil with the radicle root facing downward.\nCover the seed and keep the top layer of soil moist until the plant breaks the\nsoil’s surface. The paper towel technique is a fun way to teach children how\nplants start from seeds. This technique works best with larger seeds (melons,\ncucumbers, squash, corn, sunflower, etc.). Most smaller seeds, such as\nlettuce, are best planted directly into the soil.\n\n### From Clone (Asexual Propagation)\n\nStarting a plant from a donor or mother plant is a form of cloning or asexual\npropagation. Some plants naturally propagate themselves this way; a good\nexample is the inch plant (wandering jew). Cloning has become the most popular\nmethod among commercial growers because the offspring are identical to the\ndonor plant so the growers know exactly what they are going to get. It also\nallows the gardener to replicate plants with desirable qualities such as a\ncertain fragrance, color, resistance to pathogens, or any other trait that\ncould be deemed as beneficial.\n\nThere are two popular types of cloning techniques: cuttings and tissue\nculture. Hobbyist gardeners generally take cuttings to replicate their\nfavorite plants because tissue culture is a more involved process that\nrequires special equipment. African violets, pothos, gardenia, crepe myrtle,\ncyperus, geranium, wandering jew, coleus, impatiens, spider plants and\nhibiscus are all easily propagated by cutting. Many vegetables, including\npeppers, tomatoes, cucumber and squash, can also be propagated by cutting.\nSome vegetables, like cabbage, can be cloned via their root. Although there is\na slight variance in cloning techniques (depending on plant species) the\nmajority of the focus should be on environmental conditions as they are\nusually the determining factor in cloning success.\n\n#### Temperature for Cloning\n\nLike plants started from seed, plants propagated from cuttings respond best to\nconsistent temperatures. Ideally the root zone (or potential root zone) is\nkept at a temperature of 75-85 degrees F. If the environment where the clones\nare kept has fluctuating temperatures it is best to utilize a heat mat or heat\ncables to rectify this problem and maintain consistent temperatures. For most\nspecies of plants, if temperatures are too low or continually fluctuate below\nthe desired range, the plants enter what I refer to as a state of suspended\nanimation. In other words, they remain green and healthy looking but fail to\ncreate roots or carry out any vital functions needed to stimulate new growth.\nEventually these clones will die without ever creating a root.\n\nIn cases where humidity levels are high and temperatures are low a cutting or\nseedling will dampen off. Damping off is a horticultural disease caused by\npathogenic microorganisms which destroy a seedling or cutting before it has a\nchance to grow. On the other end of the spectrum, clones that are kept in\ntemperature ranges above the desired range will commonly wilt or rot and turn\ninto mush long before they develop a new root zone. An inexpensive digital\nthermometer is a great way to monitor the temperature of the root zone. Make\nsure to monitor the temperature during the coldest and hottest points of the\nday to ensure you stay within the desired range even when the atmospheric\nconditions are the most volatile.\n\n#### Humidity for Cloning\n\nHumidity levels for cuttings should be kept high for at least the first few\ndays. Although they are not yet established plants, cuttings still transpire\nmoisture through their stomata and without the ability to absorb replacement\nmoisture through a root zone a cutting can quickly wilt in lower humidity\nenvironments. Ideally, the humidity level for cuttings should be kept at\n80-100% for the first few days. Humidity domes, plastic bags, or any way you\ncan temporarily enclose the cuttings to retain a high humidity environment\nwill suffice. I prefer the humidity domes sold at local gardening centers\nbecause they make it very easy to acclimate the plants to their future\nenvironment.\n\nAfter you take your cuttings, lightly spray the inside of the humidity dome\nwith water and place it on the tray. In the subsequent days remove the\nhumidity dome for a few minutes each day to give the cuttings some fresh air;\nvery similarly to the way you would acclimate seedlings. After four days, you\ncan incrementally increase the amount of time you remove the dome each day\nuntil the cuttings are completely acclimated to their environment. Although\nsome plant species are more finicky than others, generally speaking, the\ncuttings will have created their own roots in 7-14 days and at that time\nshould be completely acclimated to the environment.\n\n### Sterilize Equipment\n\nSeedlings and cuttings are more sensitive, not only to environmental\nconditions but also to pests and pathogenic microorganisms, than adult plants.\nBefore planting seeds or taking cuttings completely sterilize all the\nequipment you plan on using. Diluted bleach or hydrogen peroxide are great\nways to effectively sterilize your propagation equipment before each use. Make\nsure the medium you choose is sterile as well. Prepackaged propagation mediums\noffer the peace of mind of a sterilized medium and ensure the seedlings or\ncuttings aren’t being placed in a compromised medium.\n\nThere are many products on the market designed to aid the propagation process.\nRooting hormones, seedling heat mats, aeroponic clone machines, humidity\ndomes, sterile disposable scalpels and numerous prepackaged mediums are all\nproducts that can help achieve successful propagation. Just remember, there is\nno magic product that will automatically guarantee propagation success. These\nproducts teamed with sound environmental conditions are the keys to thriving\nseedlings and clones. Stable environmental conditions are the foundation for\nmaking any aspect of greenhouse gardening flourish and propagation is no\ndifferent.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Greenhouse Shade Cloth Options\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nJuly 18, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nA shade cloth is used in a greenhouse for two reasons. First, to protect\nplants from getting burned by intense sunlight and second, shade cloth is a\nway to help keep a greenhouse cooler during the hot summer months. Shade cloth\ncan be made from different materials but all shade cloth can be purchased in\ndifferent filtration ratings. In other words, a gardener can select a\npercentage of shading that will best fit his or her needs. In most cases, a\nshade cloth will shade 50%, 60%, or 70% of the sunlight. The higher percentage\n(70% or greater) is usually reserved for situations where the greenhouse is\nreceiving an abundance of intense sunlight; such as a south-facing greenhouse\nthat receives full sun in the summer months. Shade cloth is usually sized\naccording to the particular greenhouse. In other words, shade cloth is usually\ncustom built for a particular situation. The shade cloth has grommets placed\nevery four feet for hanging on hooks or guide wires depending on the\napplication. A closer look at some of the shade cloth options will give\ngreenhouse gardeners an idea of which shade cloth option will work best for\nthem.\n\n### Aluminet\n\nAluminet is one of the most affordable and effective shade cloth materials\navailable. Aluminet can be hung on the interior of a greenhouse and placed\nflush against the walls or ceiling. Aluminet is unique because it not only\nshades sunlight but it also reflects heat. The biggest advantages of Aluminet\nare that it not only shades the light but also helps to effectively cool the\ngreenhouse by reflecting a portion of the heat away from the structure.\nAluminet is very cost effective and a great choice for home hobbyists. If\naesthetics are important (as they are with many home gardeners), the interior\nhung shade cloth does not take away from the natural beauty of the greenhouse\nstructure.\n\n### Black Nylon\n\nBlack nylon shade cloth hung on the exterior of the greenhouse is another\nshade cloth option. The hooks for the grommets are on the outside of the\nstructure and the shade cloth is hung around the exterior of the greenhouse.\nThis type of shade cloth costs about the same as Aluminet and does a good job\nof filtering the light. Although the greenhouse will be cooler than without\nthe shade cloth, due to its black color, this type of shade cloth does little\nto reflect the heat away from the structure. As can be imagined, a shade cloth\nhung on the exterior of the greenhouse will affect the aesthetics of the\ngreenhouse. There is also some additional maintenance with exterior hung shade\ncloth as they tend to accumulate dirt, dust, etc.\n\n### Motorized or Manual Guide Wire Shade Cloths\n\nMotorized shade cloth systems are so expensive they are generally reserved for\nlarge, commercial greenhouses. These systems have guide wires where the shade\ncloth is attached. When needed, a small motor pulls the shade cloth into\nplace. Many commercial greenhouses utilize guide wires without motors as well.\nSimilar to opening or closing a shower curtain, a large span of shade cloth\ncan be opened or closed within the greenhouse. The biggest disadvantage of\nmotorized or manual guide wire shade cloth systems is the shade cloth is never\nflush with the walls or ceiling of the greenhouse. This means that the heat is\nstill entering the greenhouse. However, there are some situations where it is\nnecessary for the shade cloth to shade a section of the greenhouse. For\nexample, seedlings or light sensitive plants can be protected from intense\nlight by being sectioned off with some shade cloth.\n\nFor most hobbyist growers finding a shade cloth that fits the budget and still\nperforms up to par are the priorities. Gardeners with glass greenhouses which\nhave south or west exposures almost always need to implement some sort of\nshade cloth. If reducing heat in the greenhouse is as important as eliminating\nhotspots in the garden a product like Aluminet would be a good fit. Regardless\nof the particular material chosen, a shade cloth is the best way to keep\nplants from being harmed by the intensity of the sun during the summer months.\n\nFor more information please visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# The Overlooked Price of Ignoring Canopy Management\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nJune 24, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAs practitioners in the fields of horticulture and urban agriculture (fields\nwe give important names to because they follow a proven process and mean\nsomething to us) – we growers and gardeners spend an inordinate amount of time\nfretting about the details.\n\nAll of us agree on the important things; the quality of our substrate, the\nstability of the environment, control over pathogens, deficiencies and\nexcesses, good light, quality inputs, genetics, sustainability, biodiversity.\nAll important stuff... but ultimately our efforts are geared towards producing\nquality and volume in our harvests.\n\nHow do we efficiently get from point A (seed) to point B (harvest) with\nmaximum potential being achieved? It’s a bunch of work. And nothing important\nshould be omitted.\n\nThat being said, there is a metaphor that bounces around about a barrel and\nhow each of the staves must fit with the others for the stave joints not to\nleak. If a stave is not fit or built sufficiently, or is missing: The water\nwill leak and the barrel can never be full.\n\nThis metaphor as an analogy to describe an often overlooked leak in the barrel\nof our common growing knowledge: The problem of: how do we hold up our plants?\n\nIn controlled growing environments it is of great importance to manage the\ncanopy. Canopy management should be considered a stave in the barrel for a\nnumber of reasons:\n\n * To get even distribution of the best quality light at the optimal distance on the greatest number of fruiting and flowering parts to achieve maximum yield.\n * To train branches for topiary or bonsai structures.\n * To ensure that the plant is given sufficient ventilation and is not exposed to any environmental extremes such as heat or air flow stagnation.\n * To use ways of stabilizing the plant and then anchor tie-offs in such a way that the plant is not damaged because breakage means the loss of quality produce.\n\nSome plants don’t need help; but some do, and most of us treat this as an\nafterthought. We spend time and money on all of the previously mentioned\ndetails, but then just jab stakes in into the root-zone and tie-off branches\nas they fall or droop. Pre-planning usually involves either a one-size-fits-\nall structure or some serious DIY.\n\nThat said doing something is the right thing to do: Why wouldn’t all of us\nserious growers make a plan and fret, in advance, over the details and how to\nget the biggest bang for our bucks? Canopy management will help to produce\nlarger harvests and make everything else we do work better.\n\nJason Rider is the president of Thriving Systems Design. He can be contacted\nat j.rider@c-bite.com and you can visit their website at C-Bite.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Keeping Your Greenhouse Cool in the Summer\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nJune 16, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nIn order for the plants in a greenhouse to continue growing rapidly during the\nsummer months, a greenhouse gardener needs to make sure that the temperature\nwithin the greenhouse doesn’t get too hot. There are a few different ways that\ngreenhouse growers can maintain cooler temperatures during the heat of summer.\nA grower usually chooses a cooling method based on the size of the greenhouse\nand his or her budget. The most common types of cooling devices used in\ngreenhouses are based on water evaporating which cools the air within the\ngrowing space. The most commonly used systems are wet wall systems, portable\nevaporative coolers, foggers, and humidifiers.\n\n### Wet Wall Systems\n\nWet wall systems are the most popular and efficient way to cool large,\ncommercial greenhouses. These systems consist of cooling pads encased in\naluminum housing. The aluminum housing appears similar to a honey comb. The\nhoney comb design allows air to pass over the cooling pads which are kept\ndrenched in water. The air is cooled significantly as it passes through the\nwet pad on its way into the greenhouse, much like a radiator cooling an\nengine. After entering the greenhouse, the evaporative effect cools the\ngrowing space. The powered fans (placed on the wall opposite the wet wall\nsystem) are the driving force for the air movement. The motorized shutters\nwhich allow air to enter the greenhouse are usually thermostatically\ncontrolled to open and close as determined by the temperature. Wet wall\nsystems are fairly expensive and more elaborate in their installation. This is\nbecause the water used in a wet wall system is continuously recirculated and\nrequires a fair amount of plumbing. Because of their expensive and more\nelaborate design, wet wall systems are usually only used in larger commercial\ngreenhouses.\n\n### Portable Evaporative Coolers\n\nPortable evaporative coolers are a cooling device which is much more commonly\nused by home hobbyist greenhouse growers. Portable evaporative coolers are\ncompletely self-contained, movable, and relatively inexpensive ($500-$1000\ndepending on size). Portable evaporative coolers contain a similar pad to that\nused in wet wall systems. Like wet wall systems, air is drawn in and forced\nover the wet pad to create an evaporative cooling effect. Portable evaporative\ncoolers usually contain a float valve and are connected to a garden hose to\nmaintain the water level in the tank as the water evaporates. Portable\nevaporative coolers work best when they have access to fresh air. In other\nwords, for the best effect, portable evaporative coolers should be placed near\nthe greenhouse entry or a fresh air intake vent. Portable evaporative coolers\nare thermostatically controlled and can easily be stashed under a bench or out\nof the way when not in use. Portable evaporative coolers are a great way for\nhome hobbyist greenhouse gardeners to maintain cooler temperatures during the\nhot summer months.\n\n### Fogger or Humidifier\n\nFor small hobby greenhouses, a fogger or humidifier can serve as an\nevaporative cooling system. A fogger is a device that emits water in a fine\nfog. These devices can be placed directly behind a circulating fan to blow the\nwater-cooled air around the greenhouse. As the water evaporates, it creates a\ncooling effect. A humidifier found at a big box store can be set up in a\nsimilar fashion. When placed behind a circulating fan, the cool moist air can\nbe blown across the greenhouse for an evaporative cooling effect. Both foggers\nand humidifiers emit water droplets so small that the plants within the\ngreenhouse will not get wet. Instead, the water quickly evaporates and cools\nthe greenhouses climate in the process.\n\n### Mist Systems\n\nWhen discussing cooling systems within a greenhouse, some gardeners ask about\nmist systems. Although a mist system will cool a greenhouse, they are\ngenerally better suited for irrigation. The water droplet size from a mist\nsystem is much larger than that of a fogger or humidifier and this causes the\nplants to actually get wet which can create a whole new series of moisture\nrelated problems during the hot summer months.\n\nBy maintaining temperatures within the desired range for plant growth, a\ngreenhouse gardener can ensure that he or she maintains vigorous growth even\nduring the peak heat of the summer months. Whether a gardener is attempting to\ncool a large commercial greenhouse with a wet wall system or a small hobbyist\ngreenhouse with a portable evaporative cooler or a humidifier, evaporative\ncooling is the best way to ensure that the plants beat the heat of summer.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### General Gardening\n\n# 5 Warning Signs that Your Orchids Could be in Trouble\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nJune 11, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nOrchid growers need to always be on the lookout for signs of trouble in their\nplants. If you know what to look for, you might be able to stop the problem\nbefore it takes out your precious plant. But if not, all your efforts will\nhave been in vain. With that in mind, here are five important warning signs\nthat your orchids are in trouble:\n\n### Warning Sign #1 – Spotty Flowers\n\nThe flowers are definitely the most delicate part of your plant. That’s why\nthey’ll often be the first to let on when there’s a problem. If you notice\ndark spots on your flowers, this could be a sign of a fungal or viral\ninfection about to take over your plant. Punctures in the delicate petals of\nyour blossoms mean that you’ve got an insect problem.\n\n### Warning Sign #2 – Discolored Leaves\n\nWhile the leaves of the orchid tend to show signs of trouble less readily than\nflowers, they’re also much easier to monitor because they’re continuously\npresent during all life cycles of your plant. If your leaves are a darker\nshade of green, then the plant isn’t receiving enough light. If your leaves\nare brown or yellowish, then your orchid is getting too much light.\n\nIf you find that black tips and brown spots are showing up mainly on the body\nof your orchid’s leaves, then this might just be sun burn. Move your orchids\naway from direct sunlight and observe them for a week. If the spots continue\nto grow, then this might just be a case of bacterial or fungal infection. One\nway to treat this is by cutting off the affected part and applying fungicides.\nWhite scaly spots on your leaves are particularly worrisome, as this is a sign\nof a viral infection. (Sadly, there is currently no definite cure for viral\ninfections.)\n\n### Warning Sign #3 – Shoddy Roots\n\nYou’ll be repotting your orchid from time to time anyway so that it can get\nthe proper aeration it needs to grow. When you do, always be sure to take a\nfew moments to examine your plant’s exposed root system. The roots should look\nthick and healthy. If they’re discolored or brittle, or moist and malformed,\nyou’ve probably got a case of root rot, which is either caused by overwatering\nor letting the plant’s mixture turn stagnant.\n\n### Warning Sign #4 – Rapid Wilting\n\nAs mentioned above, the flowers are the most highly prized part of the orchid.\nWhile all aspects of growing an orchid can be enjoyable, it is the colorful\nblooms that you look forward to the most. If your flowers tend to wilt too\nsoon after they bloom, then you’ve got good reason to be disappointed. Not\nonly have you worked hard for lackluster results, you’ve likely got a problem\nwith your root system as well, and the buds aren’t getting enough nutrients.\nThis is a good time to re-evaluate how you’re caring for your orchids.\n\n### Warning Sign #5 – Crawly Things\n\nPests are a problem for any type of plant and orchids are no exception. Scale\ninsects like to take up residence on the leaves of orchid plants and can be\nhard to spot, so carefully inspect every time you water. Mealybugs and aphids\nare a bit easier to notice because of their nasty habit of chewing holes\nthrough leaves and flowers. Using an approved insecticide such as malathion is\nrecommended by the majority of growers, and organic alternatives also exist\nfor those who value “green” gardening.\n\nFor additional tips on orchid care visit OrchidCareZone.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Grow Lights\n\n# Troubleshooting the Magnetic HID Light System\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 20, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThis information can only be applied to “conventional” magnetic ballasts.\nDigital/electronic ballasts, which are becoming more common all the time, have\nsome important differences regarding internal inspection, replacing parts, and\nmatching bulb type to ballast. If your magnetic HID light system is giving you\nproblems you can follow a few basic steps to identify the problem.\n\n### Step One\n\nIsolate the problem by checking on a few things. Is the ballast receiving\nelectricity? If you plug the lamp in and hear humming noise then it is a good\nbet that the ballast is working. If you do not hear humming noises check the\nplug and the outlet for a good connection. The next step is to check the\ntransformer for burns; it is the large, dark steel box. If the transformer I\nburnt then it must be replaced.\n\nFor HPS units you can also check the starter and the capacitor which look like\nan oblong tin can. The sealed lip around each end of the can should be\ncompletely smooth and have no wrinkles. If the ends are pinched out then the\ncapacitor, the starter or both are burnt out and will need to be replaced.\n\n### Step Two\n\nIf you have verified the ballast is working then the problem is probably with\nthe bulb or the wiring. Check to ensure that the bulb is correctly and firmly\nscrewed into the socket. This sounds simple but it by far the most common\nreason for bulb failure. With the bulb in place check all the connections for\nheat and firm contact. Make absolutely sure the ballast is unplugged before\ntouching any bare wires or connections. Inspect thee arc tube inside the bulb.\nIf it is dark, or if the bulb is over two years old, then it could be burnt\nout.\n\n### Step Three\n\nIf a fuse or breaker switch is thrown when you turn on the light then the\ncircuit is being overloaded. For safety reasons you never use more than 80\npercent of the amps available on a circuit. The amp rating should be printed\non the breaker fuse.\n\n### Step Four\n\nDo not worry if the lamp is flickering or pulsating. It takes approximately\n100 hours of operation for the lamp halogens in the arc tube to stabilize and\npulsate less. Color changes are also normal and do not affect the life or\nlumens of the bulb.\n\n### Step Five\n\nHandle the bulbs gently and wipe off any fingerprints. Allow the bulb to cool\nfor 15 minutes before restarting the lamp.\n\nFacts about High Intensity Discharge Bulbs\n\n * It is common for small pieces of glass or metal to be inside an HID bulb\n * The HID lamp must run with a ballast of the corresponding and type of bulb. For example you should use a 1,000 watt Metal Halide ballast when you are using a 1,000 watt Metal Halide bulb.\n * The light from the lamp will oscillate during the first few hours of use and decrease in intensity during the life of the lamp.\n * The HID lamp takes approximately 3 minutes to warm up and reach 80% brightness. If the lamp is shut off after reaching full intensity it will take 10 – 20 minutes before it can restart.\n * It is normal for the lamp to shift color during the first few hundred hours of use.\n * HID lamps should be replaced after 12-18 months of use. The life span of the bulbs is dependent on how many times the lamp is turned on and off and frequent on-off cycles will shorten the life of the lamp.\n\n### Safety Information\n\n * Do not look directly into the bulb during start up or operation.\n * Turn the unit off immediately if the exterior glass of the light bulb cracks, punctures or breaks. Ultraviolet radiation from the HID lamp can cause serious skin burn or eye inflammation. They may still work but it should never be used in that condition.\n * Inspect your bulb periodically for scratches and discard the bulb if scratches exist. Scratching the bulb or subjecting it to undue pressure could cause it to shatter.\n * Use caution when watering foliage beneath lighting units and do not foliage when the lights are on or have just been turned off. Functioning or recently functioning bulbs are hot and may shatter or crack if contacted by water.\n * Never remove or insert the bulb while the power is on\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Containers\n\n# Selecting a Smart Pot Size\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 14, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nOnce all of the great benefits of growing in a Smart Pot fabric container have\nbeen experienced, a gardener will never go back to plastic potting containers\nagain. Fabric containers offer more oxygen to the roots which automatically\nenables the roots to work more efficiently. Smart Pot containers also “air\nprune” roots which creates a series of lateral roots within the container\ninstead of the spaghetti-like mess of tangled roots commonly found at the\nbottom of plastic potting containers. After growers have made the decision to\nuse Smart Pot fabric containers, they must determine which size will best suit\ntheir gardening needs.\n\nWith container gardening, it is possible to grow any size plant in any size\ncontainer. However, just because something can be done, doesn’t necessarily\nmean it should be done. Growing basil in a 100 gallon pot or a giant pumpkin\nin a one gallon pot would be far from optimal and the grower would most likely\nbe disappointed with the results. A plant grown in a Smart Pot will typically\ngrow faster and larger than a plant grown in a traditional plastic container;\nhowever, growers who have experience with plastic containers can start using\nSmart Pots that are the same size as the plastic containers they are accustom\nto. In other words, if a gardener is currently using a three gallon plastic\ncontainer, a three gallon Smart Pot can be substituted for the same purpose.\nIf the gardener has no experience with plastic potting containers, he or she\nshould consider the following before choosing the container size:\n\n### Portability\n\nIf you need or plan to move your planting container around, get a Smart Pot\nsize you can handle. For example, a 10 gallon Smart Pot can weigh close to\nfifty pounds once filled with soil. Smart Pots are durable enough to be slid\naround for transport but the overall weight of the container should always be\na consideration (especially for your back).\n\n### Fitting a Smart Pot\n\nMany gardeners like to use Smart Pots as inserts that fit into other potting\ncontainers. This way he or she can receive all the benefits of growing in a\nfabric container while still displaying a decorative planting container. Just\nremember, Smart Pots have straight sides (no taper). If you plan on placing\nthe Smart Pot inside another container, make sure the bottom diameter will fit\nand that you can lift it out if necessary.\n\n### Genetic Potential of the Plant\n\nThe type of plant you plan to grow will be a determining factor of the size\ncontainer you should use. Plants that typically grow large in size will not\nperform up to their genetic potential if they are grown in a container that is\ntoo small. The same is true for smaller plants; they will not always perform\nas well in containers that are too big.\n\n### Smart Pot Sizing Recommendations\n\nThere are always exceptions (like the grower’s physical growing space) that\nwill contribute to the decision when choosing a container size. That being\nsaid, there are general recommendations that can help a grower determine which\nsize Smart Pot to use. The following are recommendations of which Smart Pot\nsize to use for some commonly grown vegetable crops:\n\n7 Gallon Smart Pot\n\nGarlic, leeks, shallots, lettuce, spinach, arugula, chard, endive, escarole,\nbasil, parsley, rosemary, thyme, oregano, sage, beans, bok choy, kale, peas,\nparsnips, and small annuals\n\n10 Gallon Smart Pot\n\nPeppers, artichoke, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower,\nstrawberries, onions, beets, turnips, carrots, radish, patio cucumbers, patio\ntomatoes, and larger annuals\n\n15 Gallon Smart Pot\n\nCucumbers, potatoes, summer squash, zucchini, patty pan squash, crooked neck\nsquash, eggplant, and tomatillos\n\n20 Gallon Smart Pot\n\nTomatoes, muskmelons, watermelons, pumpkins, sweet potatoes, winter squash,\nacorn squash, butternut squash, and hubbard squash\n\nHydroponic gardeners who use Smart Pots will follow slightly different\nguidelines for determining the best size container for their gardens. The type\nof hydroponic system, the fertilizers being used, and the type of soil mix\nwill all be factors to consider when choosing the correct size Smart Pot for a\nhydroponic garden.\n\nFor more information visit Smartpots.com\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Hydroponics\n\n# Hydroponics System Daily Maintenance Check List\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 13, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nOnce a growing system is up-and-running, to successfully grow hydroponic\nplants, there are only a few tasks required. Check the system daily or every\nother day and do the following keeping in mind the 5 basic requirements of\nplants (light, water, nutrients, temperature and oxygen).\n\n * Most plants love humidity so mist them continually and they will be happy.\n * Watch the system and make sure it is performing properly. If it floods the plants and drains at a specific time – verify this. Small bits of growing medium can clog the tubing of a system in no time flat and either leave your plants ‘high and dry’ or continually flooded. This happened to me once.\n * As your nutrient solution evaporates, add tap water to refill it to where it should be. Do not ever add a touch more of nutrient powder to replace what you think has been used up. This is a really good way to kill your plants.\n * Keep an eye out for pests and disease as well as nutritional deficiencies.\n * Take care of any problems as fast as possible or they will grow into large problems faster than you will believe.\n * Take a look at the plants. Are they wilting and is the growing medium completely dry? Or is it continually soaked? Adjust the amount of nutrient solution accordingly (this is for systems that periodically receive nutrient solution most likely through a timer).\n * Dead growth saps the energy of a plant and can be a good beginning for a disease or pest problem so keep the dead matter pruned.\n * Keep track of the temperature if you are in a greenhouse and ventilate if necessary by opening doors, windows and turning on a fan.\n * In an enclosed area like a greenhouse, let some bugs and breezes get in. This not only helps with pollination but some bugs will actually protect your plants by eating the bad ones.\n * Learn to identify the good vs. bad bugs. Dragonflies, spiders and ‘daddy long legs’ are good to have around – they eat the bad bugs so encourage them. I personally love dragonflies – I’ve seen them dive-bomb horse flies and moose flies and eat them.\n * Keep a log. What becomes second nature to you now will probably be completely forgotten in a few months so write it down.\n\nI know this seems like a lot of effort but once you get a routine down you may\nnot need more than a few minutes a day to perform these tasks. Keep up the\nvigilance and you will grow hydroponic plants that are healthy and you will be\namply rewarded with a large amount of vegetables and herbs.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Hydroponics\n\n# Choosing a Hydroponic Fertilizer is Kind of Like Buying a Car\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 7, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nUpon entering a hydroponic retailer, a consumer will quickly notice the\nseemingly countless options available. There are many choices when it comes to\nchoosing a brand of hydroponic nutrients (fertilizers) and this can be\noverwhelming for a novice hydroponic enthusiast. Choosing a hydroponic\nfertilizer is kind of like buying a car. There are many options but, at the\nend of the day, they all get you from point A to point B.\n\n### Base Nutrients\n\nThe base nutrients of a hydroponic nutrient solution do just that, get your\nplants from the beginning to the end. The base nutrients will contain all the\nmineral essential elements and will provide all that is necessary for plant\ngrowth. The essential elements found in hydroponic nutrients can be derived\nfrom a variety of sources. The varying sources will affect the formula’s\nstability. This leads to different types of formulas for the horticulturist to\nchoose from. Typically speaking, there are three types of formulas produced by\nmanufacturers of hydroponic nutrients. One-part formulas (stand-alone grow and\nbloom), two-part formulas (grow A and B and bloom A and B), and three-part\nformulas (micro, grow and bloom). A hydroponic grower will usually first\nchoose from a one-part, two-part or three-part formula and then choose which\nbrand of fertilizer he or she wishes to use.\n\n### One-Part Formulas\n\nA one-part formula consists of one individual grow formula and, if it is for\ngrowing a plant that produces fruit or flowers, one individual bloom formula.\nOne-part formulas are great for beginner hydroponic growers as they only\nrequire the dosing and mixing of one product. The stage of growth of the\nplant(s) will determine if the gardener uses the grow or the bloom\nformulation. The type of crop and stage of growth will determine the dilution\nrate for the particular product. One-part formulas will contain all of the\nessential elements needed to sustain plant health. However, one-part formulas\nwill usually contain less than optimal levels of some of the essential\nelements in order to make the overall formula stable. For example, many one-\npart formulas contain only small amounts of calcium and rely on calcium\ncontained within the grower’s water to make up the difference. Horticulturists\nusing one-part formulas may, in some cases, need to supplement additional\nsources of certain essential elements.\n\n### Two-Part Formulas\n\nA two-part formula consists of two parts for both the grow and the bloom\nstages of plant growth. In other words, during the vegetative stage of growth,\nboth a grow A and a grow B formula will be required. If the horticulturist is\ngrowing a particular plant variety with a fruiting or flowering stage of\ngrowth, he or she will be required to use both a bloom A and a bloom B during\nthat period. Two-part formulas offer an advantage as they are able to separate\nsome of the elements that would otherwise create an unstable formula when\nmixed in the concentrated forms. More specifically, two-part formulas are able\nto separate particular compounds containing concentrated calcium and\nphosphorus which could react poorly when mixed. A two-part formula allows the\nhorticulturist to dilute the concentrated calcium before adding the\nphosphorus. This is why the part A of a two-part formula will usually contain\nthe calcium. Generally speaking, two-part formulas can contain a higher\nconcentration of calcium and a more ideal ratio of all the essential elements\nthan a one-part formula.\n\n### Three-Part Formulas\n\nA three-part formula consists of separate micro, grow and bloom formulas.\nUnlike the one-part and two-part formulas where the “grow” is used exclusively\nin the vegetative stage and the “bloom” is used exclusively in the fruiting or\nflowering stage, three-part formulas use all three parts throughout the entire\nlife cycle of the plants. The ratio of the three parts (micro, grow, and\nbloom) will change depending on the particular dietary needs of the plant and\nthe stage of growth. For example, a pepper plant in its vegetative stage will\nreceive different ratios of each of the three parts than a pepper plant when\nit is producing peppers. As the names suggest, the “micro” contains most of\nthe micronutrients (and usually the calcium), the “grow” contains nutrients\nmore specific to growth and the “bloom” contains nutrients more specific to\nblooming. Although growers will use all three parts throughout the plant’s\nlife cycle, they will typically use a higher ratio of “grow” during the\nvegetative stage and a higher ratio of “bloom” during the fruiting or\nflowering stage. A three-part formula offers heightened control to the\nhorticulturist and gives the ability to more quickly correct deficiencies.\n\n### Additives\n\nAfter a hydroponic gardener has established an effective base fertilizer\nprogram, he or she can begin to experiment with the various nutrient additives\navailable on the market. Micronutrient supplements, carbohydrate formulas,\nenzyme formulas, plant vitamins, plant hormones and beneficial microorganisms\nare just some of the options a hydroponic gardener can experiment with. Each\ngarden is different and the best way to determine if a nutrient additive is\ntruly beneficial is by way of experimentation.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Size Matters in a Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 6, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThey say that everything is bigger in Texas. Well, Texas is a fine state but\nyou don’t have to live there to enjoy the benefits of a big greenhouse. A good\ngeneral rule is to figure out what size footprint you need for growing things\nand then double it. That should be about the right size for your greenhouse.\nHere’s why I suggest this approach to sizing:\n\n### Easier Heating and Cooling\n\nSmaller structures heat up too quickly and cool down too quickly. Think of how\ntemperamental a cold frame is. If you don’t quickly vent them, they’ll cook\nyour plants in a matter of a couple of hours. The same hold true for a small\ngreenhouse, so bigger is better.\n\n### Room to Work and Grow\n\nYou need room to work in addition to the space allocated for growing. A\ngreenhouse footprint based on sufficient room for growing plants is a bit like\nspace planning for an office. It’s nice if the desk fits well in the room, but\nyou also need room for your large office chair, a bookcase and a filing\ncabinet. And, you’d like to be able to push back from the desk and lean back\nin your chair as well. All of this requires “swinging room.”\n\n### Room to Relax\n\nDon’t forget about room to relax. When you’re taking a break from gardening,\nyou’ll want some space where you can sit down and enjoy the splendor that\nyou’ve created. What could be more enjoyable than relaxing in a comfortable\nchair and enjoying the sights and smells of your herb garden or tomato jungle?\n\n### Room for Storage\n\nLastly, you need room for features like tool storage, a hose rack, walkways, a\nsink for rinsing off your root vegetables and perhaps a work table or space\ndedicated to starting seeds in covered, lighted and heated seedling greenhouse\nwithin your greenhouse. Also, don’t forget that a drum wall for passive solar\nenergy storage takes up about four square feet per drum. When you start to\nthink about it, there’s plenty of reason to have room in a greenhouse for\nthings that aren’t green. You simply can’t expect to “dance” in a hall closet.\nYou need room to spread out.\n\nI’m not advocating a huge greenhouse, but we need to be aware that there are\npeople, accessories, resources, tools, walkways and activities that need to be\nincluded in our indoor growing spaces – along with all the plants. If you\nforget about room for these types of things, you’ll soon come to the\nconclusion that you built a structure that simply isn’t big enough for your\nneeds and longer term interests.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# The Importance of Ventilation in a Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMay 6, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nProper ventilation is imperative for a greenhouse to function properly. The\nventilation system of a greenhouse provides fresh air to the plants (CO2),\nhelps to control temperature and humidity, and reduces the likelihood of\ndisease. Greenhouses are generally enclosed structures that will not ventilate\nentirely on their own. In order to ensure that proper ventilation in the\ngreenhouse is achieved, gardeners must install either a passive or powered\nventilation system.\n\n### Passive Ventilation System\n\nA passive ventilation system is a ventilation system without powered fans.\nInstead, the greenhouse is ventilated via convection (hot air becomes less\ndense and rises) through the ridge vents. In addition to the ridge vents, a\npassive ventilation system needs intake vents to allow cool air to enter the\ngreenhouse and displace the hot air as it rises. These intake vents are\ngenerally placed on the lower portion of the side walls of a greenhouse. The\nlargest advantage of passive ventilation systems is that they are virtually\nsilent. This can be advantageous for a gardener whose greenhouse is attached\nto his or her home and the noise of a powered fan would be a disturbance. The\nbiggest disadvantages of a passive ventilation system are cost, maintenance,\nand efficiency. Most people don’t know that a ridge vent system will cost 3-4\ntimes as much as a PVS (powered ventilation system). Also many people do not\nunderstand that maintenance is required with a passive ventilation system. The\nridge vent needs to be kept free of debris and cleaned periodically. Also, the\npistons on the vent system will need to be lubricated. Last, but not least,\nbecause air is not being forced through the greenhouse, a passive ventilation\nsystem is not as efficient as a powered ventilation system. All in all,\npassive ventilation systems are a great fit for greenhouses where the noise of\na powered fan would be an annoyance.\n\n### Powered Ventilation System (PVS)\n\nA powered ventilation system for a greenhouse is a ventilation system with a\npowered fan and intake vents. The cubic feet of the greenhouse space will be\nthe determining factor for sizing a fan system. The minimum goal is to get the\ncubic volume of air turned over in less than two minutes. In many cases, a fan\nwill be sized to turn over the air in less than one minute. A quick turnover\nmakes it much easier to control temperature and/or humidity, keeping the\ngreenhouse about 10 degrees cooler than a passive cooling system. The fan\nshould be installed on the top section of the wall opposite of the intake\nvents and screen door. In other words, the intake vents should be installed on\nthe same wall as the door and the fan should be installed on the top of the\nopposite wall. This ensures that the fresh air entering the greenhouse travels\nacross the greenhouse before being evacuated. Powered ventilation systems are\nusually set up with a thermostatic control which will turn on the fan when the\nset-point temperature is reached. The intake vents are synced with the fan so\nthey will open at the same time the fan is activated. In order to maintain the\nhighest level of performance, the thermostat sensor should be placed at plant\nheight.\n\nIn addition to the cooling/exhaust fan of a PVS, a greenhouse should also be\nequipped with a circulating fan. Circulating fans provide continuous air\nmovement within the greenhouse which helps to maintain uniform temperatures\nand humidity while also increases the structural integrity of the plants (much\nlike the wind strengthens plants in nature). Greenhouses with circulating fans\nare the most effective and efficient for maintaining desirable atmospheric\nconditions.\n\nWhether you choose a passive or powered ventilation system, making sure a\ngreenhouse is properly ventilated is crucial to creating an ideal growing\nenvironment for plants. A greenhouse’s temperature, humidity, and ambient CO2\nlevels are all determined by the ventilation system. In other words, the\nventilation system is one of the most important determining factors over the\nway plants will perform in a greenhouse and should be contemplated by every\npotential greenhouse gardener.\n\nFor more information visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\nPhoto – A Powered Ventilation System (PVS) and circulating fans provide\noptimum cooling efficiency.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Vertical Gardens\n\n# Foody 12 Hydroponic Tower by Foody\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 29, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nMost people appreciate easy access to fresh produce. This is one of the main\nreasons many of us become horticulturists. As we go through the trials and\ntribulations in an attempt to perfect our green thumbs, we each find a\n“system” that works for us. What if I told you there was already a clever\nsolution to the problem of finding easily accessible, sustainably grown\nproduce? The folks at Foody have solved this quandary with their Foody\nVertical Gardens.\n\nThe company “Foody” was spawned from a farmer’s passion to help people grow\ntheir own food, no matter where they live. Foody Vertical Gardens allow anyone\nto grow fresh herbs, fruits, or vegetables year-round, indoors and/or\noutdoors. The vertical garden has a very small footprint (taking up only two\nsquare feet) which means it can fit just about anywhere. Aside from making\nfresh produce as accessible as possible, Foody Vertical Gardens are designed\nto increase production through their efficient use of space and reduced\nrequirements of water and nutrients. All of this, combined with no need for\nherbicides, equates to a reduction in overall expenses for the grower. Foody’s\nautomatic hydroponic system, the Foody 12 Hydroponic Tower, makes growing your\nown produce as simple, and cost effective, as can be.\n\n### Foody 12 Hydroponic Tower\n\nThe Foody 12 is a hydroponic vertical garden which utilizes deep water culture\n(DWC) hydroponic technology. One of the largest advantages of the DWC\ntechnology is the rate of growth. Plants grown in the Foody 12 will grow more\nrapidly than plants grown in soil. The plants will come to maturity sooner and\nthis enables the gardener to enjoy the fruits of his or her labor more quickly\nthan with traditional soil gardening. The watering system on the Foody 12 is\ncompletely automated. The garden comes with a submersible pump and water\ndistribution system. Individual siphons are in each growing pod which allow\nthe water level to move up and down automatically ensuring excellent root\naeration. The tower’s three growing pods each hold 12 plants (the base holds\nanother eight) and the pods can be rotated manually or by the optional\nautomated drive system (an available accessory). The towers are made from BPA-\nfree, food-grade materials which means they can be used for certifiable\norganic production. Towers are also UV resistant which ensures years of\ntrouble-free use. The Foody 12 uses only 10% of the water normally required by\nplants grown in soil. Also, there is no need for herbicides because there are\nno weeds; just fresh produce at your fingertips. The vertical construction\nnaturally reduces the need to bend over, making the Foody 12 a back saver as\nwell. All the benefits and available options for the Foody 12 make it the most\ncomprehensive vertical gardening system available. However, what makes the\nFoody 12 so great isn’t just its small footprint or optional automated drive\nsystem; it is the fact that the Foody 12 gives anyone the ability to grow\nfresh food in the comfort of his or her home.\n\nThere is no doubt that we will continue to need solutions to our modern\nagricultural dilemmas. Companies, like Foody, who create effective, yet\nsimple, horticultural solutions are sure to become household names. People\ndesire access to fresh, sustainably grown produce and there is no better, or\neasier, way to obtain food security than by growing your own food using a\nFoody Vertical Garden.\n\nFor more information visit FoodyVerticalGarden.com\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# The Different Types of Attached Greenhouses\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 24, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAttached greenhouses are exactly what they sound like: greenhouses attached to\nanother structure. In many cases, the other structure is the gardener’s house.\nAttached greenhouses include lean-to greenhouses, window-mounted greenhouses,\nand attached even-span greenhouses.\n\n### Lean-to Greenhouses\n\nLean-to greenhouses are built against an existing building using that\nstructure for one or more of its sides. In most cases, lean-to greenhouses are\nattached to a house. Lean-to greenhouses can be as long as the length of the\nbuilding they are attached to or as short as desired. Because of their\nparticular construction, lean-to greenhouses are typically limited in width to\nroughly 12 feet wide. The advantages of a lean-to greenhouse are accessibility\nto electricity and water (when placed against a house with electricity and\nwater) and decreased cost of materials (since one of the main walls is an\nexisting structure). Lean-to greenhouses typically require less heating than\nfreestanding greenhouses. This can save a gardener a significant amount of\nmoney especially if he or she is located in a colder climate. Another\nadvantage of lean-to greenhouses is accessibility. Since the greenhouse is so\nclose to the home, the gardener has easy access to culinary herbs and\nvegetables. Accessibility also makes it easier for gardeners to keep up with\ngreenhouse maintenance. The last advantage of lean-to greenhouses is that they\nare relatively simple to construct or inexpensive to purchase. Building a\ncustom lean-to greenhouse can be an easy project for hobbyists who are not\nusually considered handy at construction. In fact, dozens of basic plans for\nhomemade lean-to greenhouses can be found on the internet. Building one’s own\ngreenhouse can give gardeners a feeling of self-reliance. For gardeners who\ndon’t wish to build their own greenhouses, a lean-to greenhouse kit is an\ninexpensive way to get into home horticulture. The biggest disadvantages of\nlean-to greenhouses are their limited space and, in some cases, limited light.\nWhenever possible, lean-to greenhouses should be constructed on the side of\nthe home that will receive the most sunlight (south side). Even when perfectly\nplaced, a lean-to greenhouse will not receive as much light as a freestanding\ngreenhouse.\n\n### Window-Mounted Greenhouses\n\nWindow-mounted greenhouses are special structures built into a window frame of\na home, usually on a south facing wall. These handy, little greenhouses are a\ngreat way for hobbyists to keep their thumbs green year-round. Window-mounted\ngreenhouses give hobbyists the opportunity to have fresh culinary herbs and\nornamental plants at their fingertips while in the comfort of their own homes.\nThe advantages of window-mounted greenhouses are they are relatively\ninexpensive and allow growers to harvest plants from inside their homes. In\nsome cases, window-mounted greenhouses can help with heating a home as they\nlet in passive solar heat. The disadvantage of a window-mounted greenhouse is\nspace. These greenhouses are relatively small which limits the species and\nnumber of plants a gardener can grow.\n\n### Attached Even-Span Greenhouses\n\nAttached even-span greenhouses are less common than lean-to greenhouses but\nalso share a wall with an existing structure. The difference is that an\nattached even-span greenhouse appears very similar to a freestanding\ngreenhouse except it is attached to an existing structure at one gable end. In\nother words, it doesn’t “lean” against the existing structure, but instead has\nits own symmetrical roof. Attached even-span greenhouses can be much larger\nthan lean-to greenhouses and there are countless design possibilities. The\nlargest advantage of an attached even-span greenhouse is they are less\nexpensive than a freestanding greenhouse and can provide a lot of growing\nspace. As with lean-to greenhouses, water and electricity are more accessible.\nDisadvantages of an attached even-span greenhouse are increased cost compared\nto other attached greenhouses and reduced light from shadowing of the attached\nstructure (usually a home).\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Containers\n\n# Cleaning and Reusing Smart Pots\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 16, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nMany indoor horticulturists are reaping the benefits of growing in Smart Pot\nfabric containers. Not only do fabric containers give a plant’s roots maximum\nexposure to oxygen, but they also naturally “air prune” the roots. Once “air\npruned” these roots create multiple lateral, fine roots which, in turn,\nenhance the entire root structure and increase the plant’s ability to manage\nmoisture and nutrients. Once a garden cycle is complete and the plants have\nbeen harvested or transplanted, Smarts Pots have one more trick up their\nsleeves: they can be cleaned and reused.\n\nIn order to reuse a Smart Pot the first thing a gardener should do is let the\ncontainer dry out completely. The best way to do this is to remove the medium\nfrom the container and let the container sit somewhere in low humidity for a\nday or two. The goal is to get the container itself and any medium, root\ndebris, etc which remains stuck to the fabric to dry out completely. Once dry,\nthe Smart Pot can be rubbed against itself in order to remove as much debris\nas possible. After removing as much sediment as possible, the Smart Pot can be\nsterilized.\n\nOne common way to sterilize a Smart Pot is to put it in the washing machine\nwith a sterilization solution. It is important to choose a sterilization\nsolution that is capable of killing bacteria. Hydrogen peroxide, OxyClean, or\na bleach solution all have the capability to sterilize a fabric planting\ncontainer. Be sure to rinse thoroughly after the sterilization process to\nensure all residuals from the sterilization agent are removed. Growers with a\nlarge number of Smart Pots may want to utilize a laundry mat for the\nsterilization process. Please be sure to remove all soil from the Smart Pots\nbefore bringing them to the laundry mat. For gardeners with few containers or\nfor those who do not have access to a washing machine, Smart Pots can be\nsoaked in a container of sterilization solution and agitated manually.\n\nDrying is a very important part of the cleaning process. Do NOT put Smart Pots\nin the dryer. Smart Pots should only be hung to dry or fluff dried.\n\nGardeners who experience excess salt buildup on their fabric containers can\nrectify the problem with a vinegar-water solution. Salt encrusted Smart Pots\ncan be soaked in a vinegar-water solution which will break up the salt and\nremove it from the fabric. Be sure to rinse thoroughly after this process as\nwell.\n\nOne of the best things about the Smart Pot brand of fabric containers is its\ndurability. Smart Pot containers are truly built to last and can withstand\nmany washings and growing cycles. Some growers may be timid about reusing\nSmart Pots. Don’t be. Smart Pots are built to withstand the abuse of use and\nreuse. While other fabric containers fall apart during the cleaning process,\nthe Smart Pot fabric container will hold strong and be able to be used time\nand time again.\n\nFor more information visit Smartpots.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Greenhouse Glazing Options\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 15, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWhen purchasing a greenhouse, a gardener is faced with a few options in regard\nto the type of material the transparent panels are made from. Although all\ngreenhouses are designed to allow sunlight to reach the plants, there can be a\ndifference in the way a garden performs due to the materials that make up the\ngreenhouse. Hobbyists looking to set up a greenhouse have essentially three\nchoices when it comes to the greenhouse’s glazing options: single pane glass,\ndouble pane glass, or multi-wall polycarbonate. Each glazing option has its\nown advantages and disadvantages which means growers should examine each\nbefore making a final decision.\n\n### Single Pane Glass\n\nThe older-style single pane glass greenhouses with overlapping glass are less\nthan desirable due to the fact that many of them are not adequately sealed.\nThis can cause a series of problems including inefficiencies with heating and\ncooling and humidity/moisture problems. The good news is that most of the\nnewer-style single pane glass greenhouses have full length glass panels and\nare sealed which solves many of the problems associated with the outdated,\nleaky designs. One great thing about single pane greenhouses is that they look\nfantastic. Single pane glass greenhouses are very aesthetically pleasing and\nwill only cost a little more than a polycarbonate greenhouse. However, single\npane greenhouses should probably be avoided by gardeners in northern climates.\nSingle pane glass greenhouses are the least energy efficient type of\ngreenhouse. In fact, a single pane greenhouse will have double or even triple\nthe heating costs when compared to a double pane or multi-walled polycarbonate\ngreenhouse. Single pane glass greenhouses allow for 92% light transmission.\nThis can be an advantage or a disadvantage depending on your climate and the\nlocation of the greenhouse. Greenhouses should let in as much sun as possible,\nright? In some cases, a glass greenhouse can allow too much light to reach the\nplants which may create “hot-spots” and cause significant damage to the\nplants. The gardener may need to install a shade cloth in the greenhouse to\nrectify this problem. All in all, single pane glass greenhouses are a good\nchoice for gardeners who will not be heating the greenhouse or who strongly\ndesire an aesthetically pleasing greenhouse.\n\n### Double Pane Glass\n\nDouble pane glass greenhouses are the bee’s knees when it comes to\ngreenhouses. Double pane glass greenhouses are designed to be the most energy\nefficient and offer gardeners half the heating costs associated with single\npane glass greenhouses. In other words, gardeners can look at a double pane\nglass greenhouse as a long term investment that will pay for itself in the\nform of energy savings. Double pane glass can also include a special low-e\nreflective coating on the inner pane of glass which reflects heat and acts as\nan insulator. For a serious hobbyist searching for the nicest looking and most\nenergy efficient greenhouse, a double pane glass greenhouse is for you. The\nonly real disadvantage of a double pane glass greenhouse is the initial cost.\nDouble pane glass greenhouses are by far the most expensive option but, again,\nwhen examining the long term energy savings, the increased initial cost of the\ngreenhouse would be paid back over time.\n\n### Multi-Wall Polycarbonate\n\nAnother glazing option for a hobbyist looking to set up a greenhouse is\npolycarbonate. Multi-wall polycarbonate greenhouse material comes in a variety\nof thicknesses (8mm triple-wall, 16mm 5-wall). The construction of the\nmaterial varies slightly but all include multiple walls inside of the material\nwhich form channels that hold air. This airspace is important because it\ncreates insulation value. A polycarbonate greenhouse offers similar energy\nefficiency to a double pane glass greenhouse. One advantage of polycarbonate\nmaterial is that it naturally diffuses the sunlight. By diffusing the\nsunlight, polycarbonate greenhouses reduce the likelihood of “hotspots” and\ngive the plants in the greenhouse an even distribution of light energy.\nPolycarbonate panels that are slightly tinted can also be installed in the\nroof of the greenhouse to reduce or eliminate the need for shade cloth. This\nis a great option for gardeners in hot, sunny locations. Although\npolycarbonate is not as aesthetically pleasing as glass, these greenhouses\noffer the best upfront value. Polycarbonate can also be used to retrofit older\ngreenhouses to increase efficiency.\n\nPlease remember when making a decision regarding your greenhouse glazing\noptions that efficiency and greenhouse performance are dependent on many\nfactors including your geographical location and the orientation of the\ngreenhouse. Where you live and what you grow will make a big difference in\nyour selection of a greenhouse and greenhouse glazing. Take the time to\nexplore all of your options to find the greenhouse design that will best serve\nyour purposes.\n\nFor more information, please visit ArcadiaGlassHouse.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Grow Lights\n\n# Most New Lighting Technologies Still Struggle to Compete with Yields\nProduced by HPS & HIDs\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 12, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\n### Revolutionizing the 1000w Fixture: The HSE NXT2\n\nAlthough there is no shortage of new lighting technologies being introduced,\nhigh intensity discharge, or HID, lighting systems are still the staple for\nindoor horticulture. Most of the new lighting technologies are still unable to\ncompete with the growth rates and yields produced by high pressure sodiums and\nmetal halides. While many manufacturers are concentrating their efforts on\nreinventing the wheel, other companies are putting their efforts toward\nimproving the efficiency of HID fixtures. This is exactly what P.L. Light\nSystems has done with their revolutionary HSE NXT2 1000w fixture. In fact, the\nHSE NXT2 could very well be the pinnacle of 1000w horticultural fixture\ndesigns.\n\n### The Design\n\nWhen designing the HSE NXT2, P.L. Light Systems took everything they learned\nfrom developing past models and set out to develop the most technically\nadvanced fixture available to the horticultural market. The HSE NXT2 has an\nelectronic driver which allows for quiet and efficient operation. The HSE NXT2\nalso utilizes an all-new custom aluminum ballast compartment with built-in\nheat fins which reduce the electronic driver’s operating temperature by 6%.\nThe reduction of operation temperature increases both the efficiency and\nlongevity of the unit. Another change to the ballast itself is a hinged\ncompartment which makes servicing super simple. P.L. Light Systems also\nincorporated a breathable membrane in the HSE NXT2 which keeps dust and dirt\nout but still allows for excellent ventilation. This ventilation around the\nballast equates to even cooler operation and increased longevity. P.L. Light\nSystems redesigned the lamp holder assembly as well. The new single-part\ncasting with lock sockets makes bulb changes much quicker and easier.\n\n### Double Ended Lamp\n\nThe HSE NXT2 utilizes a HPS 1000w double ended lamp which has increased light\nlevels by up to 20%. Double ended bulb technology has actually been used in\nother sectors for years but only recently has been introduced to the\nhorticultural industry. There are many benefits to double ended (DE)\ntechnology. The most significant benefit to horticulturists is extended lamp\nlife. In fact, DE bulbs degrade about half as fast as standard mogul-based\nbulbs which means they can be used for horticultural purposes twice as long.\nThe other huge advantage of DE bulbs is an increased light output level.\n\n### Reflector Options\n\nTo best meet the demanding needs of indoor horticulturists, the HSE NXT2 has\ntwo distinct reflector options: the Alpha or the Beta. The Alpha reflector is\ndesigned for uniformity and the most even dispersion of light levels possible.\nThe Beta is designed to produce a more focused output for increased light\nlevels.\n\nThere are many light technologies for horticulturists to choose from. High\nintensity discharge lamps, especially double ended bulb fixtures, are sure to\nremain the industry standard for some time. The HSE NXT2 may very well be the\nbest lighting option currently available to horticulturists. If you are going\nto grow, you might as well grow with the best. Check out the HSE NXT2 today!\n\nFor more information about the HSE NXT2 and other P.L. Light Systems products,\nplease visit: Urban-Gro.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Propagation\n\n# A Stable Atmosphere Equals More Success with Plant Clones\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nApril 8, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nUnstable atmospheric conditions may be the biggest cause of failure in cloning\nby novice gardeners. Some plant varieties are resilient and will not be\nadversely affected by large temperature or humidity swings. However, many\nplant varieties require uniform atmospheric conditions during the initial\nrooting stage.\n\nA temperature range of 70-80 degrees F for clones is generally accepted. If\nthis is not possible in your greenhouse or indoor garden it may be necessary\nto create a small sub-climate elsewhere. Uniform temperature is probably the\nsingle largest factor for cloning success. If the temperature gets too hot,\nthe clones will wilt and die before creating roots and if the temperature gets\ntoo cold, the clones will enter a state of suspended animation and never\ncreate the root systems they need to become individual plants.\n\nSeedling heat mats are a great way for horticulturists to maintain the proper\ntemperature during the cloning process. Humidity is also a large contributing\nfactor to successful cloning. Many plant varieties do best with a high\nhumidity (80-99%) during the beginning stages of cloning.\n\nThe cutting, once removed from the donor plant, has no root system to bring in\nmoisture. It is, however, able to lose moisture through the surface of its\nleaves. This makes the cutting rely heavily on the moisture in the surrounding\nair to maintain health, especially for the first few days. Humidity domes or\nhumidity chambers are great ways for a gardener to maintain a higher level of\nhumidity for the initial stages of cloning. Generally speaking, it is a good\nidea to acclimate the clone to the ambient humidity after three to seven days.\nThis can be done by taking off the humidity dome each day for a few minutes\nand then increasing the duration of removal each day.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Propagation\n\n# What to do With a Fresh Cutting\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 26, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nAfter selecting, inspecting, and preparing the donor plant, a gardener may\nbegin taking cuttings. Generally speaking, it is best to make a 45 degree\nangle cut just above a node site (the place where a leaf or branch attaches to\nthe main stem). There are some varieties of plants that create roots very\neasily. Those plants can be placed directly into a cup of water after being\ncut from the donor plant. For example, spider plants, wandering jew, and\ncoleus can all be easily rooted in a cup of water. However, some plant\nvarieties need a little extra care to ensure rooting success. For these plants\nit may be necessary to use a rooting hormone or cloning gel. These products\naid in speeding up the cloning process by immediately providing the cutting\nwith the hormones necessary for root production. When using a rooting hormone\nor cloning gel, the freshly cut end should be dipped into the hormone right\nafter it has been taken from the donor plant. After dipping the cutting, it\ncan be placed into the chosen medium.\n\nSome plants can be rooted directly in water and do not require a special\nmedium for rooting. Many plant varieties clone best when placed in some sort\nof inert grow medium designed for root development. Stonewool, coco fiber,\npeat moss, perlite and clay pebbles are all examples of inert media that\ngardeners commonly use to root clones. Some gardeners even choose to place the\nfreshly cut clones into a light soil mix for rooting. In many ways the medium\nchosen is personal preference. As long as the medium has the ability to hold\nsome moisture and provide oxygen to the developing roots, it will work just\nfine. Nutrition is not as important in the medium during the early stages of\nroot development. In fact, soils rich in nutrients (especially high nitrogen\nsoils) can slow or inhibit early root development. Most gardeners use no\nfertilizers during the cloning process; although I have had more than a few\npeople swear by using a very diluted blooming fertilizer (less nitrogen) until\nthe clone has developed a healthy root system.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Propagation\n\n# Selecting a Donor Plant for Plant Cuttings\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 23, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nOne of the most important aspects of cloning by taking cuttings is selecting\nan appropriate donor plant. The idea is to select a plant variety that has the\ntraits a grower wishes to replicate. However, it is also very important to\nselect a donor plant that is in good health. If the donor plant has diseases,\npest insects, or other pathogens chances are good that any clones taken from\nthat plant will have those same problems. Always inspect a potential donor\nplant carefully before taking cuttings.\n\nOnce a donor plant is selected, it can be prepared for the cloning procedure.\nOne technique that helps to increase cloning success rates is to limit the\ndonor plant’s exposure to intense light for 24 hour prior to taking clones.\nThe plant does not need to be moved into complete darkness. Moving the donor\nplant to a shaded section of the greenhouse or removing the plant from direct\nhorticultural lighting will help to prepare the plant for cloning purposes. It\nis also important that the donor plant is not showing any signs of\nenvironmental stresses. In other words, it is not wise to take clones from a\ndonor plant that is wilted due to heat or lack of water. If possible, try to\nmake sure the donor plant is at the highest level of health before taking\nclones.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Choosing an Attached or Freestanding Greenhouse and Greenhouse Orientation\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 16, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nWhen setting up a greenhouse, one of the first things a gardener needs to\ndecide is whether the greenhouse will be a freestanding or an attached\ngreenhouse. A closer look at some of the advantages and disadvantages of each\nwill give a gardener a better idea of which type of greenhouse will best suit\nhis or her needs.\n\n### Advantages of an Attached Greenhouse\n\nOne of the biggest advantages of an attached greenhouse is that they are\ngenerally more energy efficient. This is because one wall is already heated by\nthe home. Another advantage of an attached greenhouse is accessibility. Many\nattached greenhouses are accessible from the living space which makes entering\nthe greenhouse especially convenient. Attached greenhouses can also add\naesthetic value to a home. In many cases, a greenhouse will enhance and/or\ncomplement the architecture of the home.\n\n### Disadvantages of an Attached Greenhouse\n\nThe disadvantages of an attached greenhouse are that attached structures will\nrequire a frost-free footer and a foundation. This can be an added cost to the\nproject. Also, building codes are generally more stringent for structures\nattached to living spaces.\n\n### Advantages of a Freestanding Greenhouse\n\nPerhaps the biggest advantage of a freestanding greenhouse is that there are\nfewer limitations regarding size, height and style. Another significant\nadvantage is that freestanding greenhouses usually have better lighting\nconditions because they can allow light to enter on all four sides of the\ngreenhouse.\n\n### Disadvantages of a Freestanding Greenhouse\n\nA disadvantage of a freestanding greenhouse is an increased heating cost\nduring colder months. Due to all four sides being exposed to the elements,\nfreestanding greenhouses are less energy efficient compared to an attached\nstructure. Freestanding greenhouses are also less convenient to access because\nthe gardener must go outside to enter the greenhouse.\n\n### Location of the Greenhouse\n\nMany gardeners believe that a greenhouse should always be located facing south\nso it receives the most light possible. However, this is not always the best\nlocation for a greenhouse. Although the southern exposure will receive the\nmost light, the truth is that most plants do not need that much light and, in\nsome ways, a southern exposure can be counterproductive. During the summer\nmonths, a south facing greenhouse can easily get too hot and require a shade\ncloth to help protect the plants. An overheating greenhouse can hinder plant\ngrowth and be a nightmare for the grower. For most hobbyist applications, a\ngreenhouse with western exposure is the way to go. Think “west is the best”.\nThis is not to say that other orientations will not work. In fact, an eastern\nexposure will work just fine for most plants. A northern exposure may be too\nshady for any tropical varieties and is the only orientation that should be\navoided if possible. Since virtually any orientation will work, greenhouse\nhobbyists should choose a location that will best complement the home or\ngarden. Just remember that greenhouses do not need to be exposed to the\nmaximum amount of light at all times. In fact, most horticulturists will want\nsunnier and shadier locations in their greenhouses to accommodate the needs of\nthe various plant varieties.\n\nFor more information, please visit ArcadiaGlasshouse.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Containers\n\n# Not All Fabric Potting Containers Are Created Equally\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 13, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nOver the last few years, many indoor horticulturists have discovered the\nbenefits of using fabric potting containers. These containers are designed to\nmaximize air exposure to the root mass. Maximizing the exposure to air creates\na couple of significant advantages when it comes to root growth and\ndevelopment. First, roots love oxygen. Oxygen helps to promote white, vibrant\nroots. Because of their breathability, fabric potting containers allow the\nroots to receive heightened access to oxygen. Fabric potting containers also\nnaturally “air prune” the plant’s roots. As a root reaches the side of a\nfabric planting container, it gets exposed to air and naturally prunes itself.\nWhen the root tip is air pruned, a multitude of lateral roots stem from that\nroot. This creates an unmatched fibrous root structure. When compared to a\nplastic potting container, where the roots wind upon themselves and become a\ntangled mess, a fabric container filled with healthy lateral roots reigns\nsupreme. The healthy lateral roots are more efficient at nutrient and moisture\nuptake which means plants that are grown in fabric containers usually\nexperience accelerated growth rates and larger yields.\n\nDue to all the advantages offered by fabric potting containers, it is no\nwonder that so many indoor horticulturists are incorporating them into their\ngardens. However, some of the growers who are using fabric containers may be\ndoing themselves a grave injustice as well. In truth, not all fabric\ncontainers are created equally. In fact, there is a large variance between the\nway fabric containers are manufactured and this can have a significant effect\non the quality of the product and the safety of the plants grown within.\n\nThe folks at High Caliper Growing have their fabric containers (Smart Pots and\nBig Bag Beds) manufactured in the USA and have ultimate control over the\nmanufacturing process. When a horticulturist purchases a Smart Pot or a Big\nBag Bed it will be the same quality product day after day, year after year. On\nthe contrary, when companies do not have control over the manufacturing\nprocess, they have little control over the quality and consistency of the\nfabric. Many of the fabric potting container suppliers probably do not even\nknow what is in their fabric.\n\nHigh Caliper Growing has tested their fabric to ensure a high level of\nconsistency and safety. They proudly boast that their fabric containers\ncontain absolutely no BPA. High Caliper Growing independently and\nscientifically tested four of their leading competitors for BPA. Guess what?\nThree out of the four have BPA present in their fabrics. I don’t know about\nyou but I don’t want anything I plan on consuming growing in a container that\nleaches BPA into the most sensitive area for plant absorption (the root mass).\n\nFor indoor horticulturists who want to gain all of the benefits of a fabric\ncontainer and also want a safe, consistent product, Smart Pots by High Caliper\nGrowing are the way to go. For more information visit Smartpots.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Grow Lights\n\n# Cleaning and Maintaining a P.L. Light System Reflector\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 4, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThe light energy emitted from a horticultural lighting system is the driving\nforce behind every indoor garden. This is why indoor horticulturists spend a\nlot of time and money to ensure the lighting system is operating properly.\nP.L. Light Systems offers some of the best reflectors and these reflectors are\ndesigned specifically for high performance indoor gardens. Countless hours of\nresearch and development have produced some of the most comprehensive light\nsystems for horticulturists. In order to maintain the highest level of\nperformance, it is recommended that the horticulturist clean the reflector and\nbulb periodically. It is estimated that light output can be reduced by as much\nas 15% due to dirt, dust, and other residues that build up on a reflector.\nEven in gardens where the environment is seemingly clean, reflectors have a\ntendency to collect dust and dirt over time and should be cleaned.\n\nIn order to clean the bulb and reflector, the horticulturist should first make\nsure the fixture is unplugged (or power is disabled) and the bulb has been\ngiven sufficient time to cool. Next, the gardener should carefully remove the\nbulb with gloved hands or a cloth and set it aside for cleaning. With the bulb\nremoved, the horticulturist can follow P.L. Light System’s reflector cleaning\ninstructions.\n\n### P.L. Light System’s Reflector Cleaning Instructions\n\n1\\. Carefully remove the reflector from the fixture. Flush the reflector with\nwater both inside and out to remove residues or environmental contamination.\nSpraying the reflector with a low powered hose works great for this step. This\ninitial step removes the majority of the dust and dirt found on the reflector.\n\n2\\. Fill a large basin with vinegar and water at a ratio of 1:100 (1 part\nvinegar to 100 parts water). Submerge the reflector and clean with a very soft\nbrush. This step removes the grime and residues that could be the result of\nfoliar sprays, pesticides, and condensation.\n\n3\\. Fill a second large basin with clear water. Rinse the reflector in the\nclear water to remove the cleaning solution.\n\n4\\. Lastly, fill a third basin with distilled water. Rinse the reflector in\nthe distilled water to remove any hard water residues. Skipping this step\ncould result in hard water spots remaining on the reflector’s surface. If\nthere are any remaining residues after this step repeat steps 1-4.\n\n### The Fixture\n\nThe electronics within the fixture are extremely sensitive to dust and other\noutside influences. This is why all of P.L. Light System’s fixtures include a\nspecial membrane that prevents dust from entering while still ensuring\nexcellent ventilation. The membrane also protects the electronic components\nfrom moisture. The protective membrane means a long, problem-free life for the\nelectronics and is one of the reasons why P.L. Light System fixtures\noutperform and outlast other light systems on the market.\n\n### Cleaning the HID Bulb\n\nAfter cleaning the reflector and placing it back in the fixture, the\nhorticulturist can clean or replace the HID bulb. In order to clean a HID\nbulb, the horticulturist can use isopropyl alcohol and a clean, soft cloth. Be\ncareful not to touch the bulb after it has been cleaned because the oils from\nyour fingers can cause a “hotspot” on the bulb which could lead to bulb\nfailure or worse. Using gloves or a cloth, place the bulb back into the\nreflector.\n\n### Mark the Calendar\n\nReflector and bulb maintenance should be performed at least once a year. For\nmany indoor horticulturists bulb and reflector maintenance is part of their\ncyclical maintenance. In other words, the horticulturist will perform these\ntasks after every garden cycle. This way, the horticulturist is sure to\ncontinuously provide his or her garden with the highest light output levels\npossible.\n\nFor more information about P.L. Light Systems be sure to visit Urban-Gro.com\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Propagation\n\n# Ten General Houseplant Propagation Rules\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nMarch 2, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThere are several easy propagation methods you can use for houseplants. There\nare some basic concepts that apply to all propagation methods, rather you are\ntry plant plant cuttings, plant division, offsets, air layering, or plantlets.\n\n### General Propagation Rules\n\n 1. Always use clean sharp utensils that have been sterilized in alcohol.\n 2. Whichever propagation method you select, the parent plant must be healthy. Cuttings taken from a sick or dying plant are doomed to fail.\n 3. Rooting hormone helps roots develop; but too much is worse than none at all.\n 4. Since moist conditions are needed for rooting to be successful, it is important to use a rooting hormone that contains a fungicide to prevent plant diseases.\n 5. The rooting medium should be light and fast draining. If you purchase new construction sand, vermiculite, peat moss, or perlite, it can be used directly from the bag. Medium taken from any other source should be sterilized by heating it in the oven at 200 degrees for 30 minutes.\n 6. Pots or containers for the new plants must be clean and free of old soil and plant material; if using old pots be sure to wash them well with a household disinfectant. It’s important to use very small containers when you propagate to prevent over watering and help roots development. 2” or 4” pots work well for a single cutting or use a 6” pot for several cuttings.\n 7. Roots that form in water are different than roots that form in soil. If possible, use soil rather than water to propagate plants.\n 8. Indirect light and temperatures between 70-80 degrees are best for propagation.\n 9. Never allow the soil of newly propagated plants to dry out, but on the other hand, the soil should never be soggy. If the planting medium is too dry or too wet, roots don’t develop.\n 10. To increase the humidity and keep the soil from drying out place newly propagated plants into a plastic bag and seal the top or cover the plants with a sheet of plastic. You can use small picks or sticks to keep the plastic from resting on the plants.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Grow Lights\n\n# HID Lighting Has a Low Initial Cost for a Relatively Large Coverage Area\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 27, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nHigh intensity discharge lighting includes both metal halide (MH) and high\npressure sodium (HPS). HID lighting consists of three components: the ballast,\nthe reflector or socket, and the bulb. Ballasts can be specific to the type of\nbulb (MH only or HPS only) or they can be switchable, or “smart” ballasts,\nwhich have the ability to operate either type of bulb. Most ballasts are\nspecific to wattage; although some of the newer, digital ballasts can operate\ndifferent wattage bulbs.\n\nThe ballast connects to the power supply and acts as a power converter so the\nbulb receives the proper current. The reflector, or socket, is the component\nthat connects the ballast to the bulb and the bulb itself is the component\nthat actually emits the light. After receiving the proper current from the\nballast, the bulb converts that energy into light.\n\nHID lighting is still the most popular choice for horticulturists for a few\nreasons. First, this technology has been around for a long time and is used in\nother industries. This means there are many manufacturers which helps lower\nthe cost. Initial cost is not the only reason horticulturists continue to\nchoose HID lighting. High wattage HID fixtures are very powerful and have the\ncapability of penetrating a plant canopy along with covering a large area. For\nexample, an indoor horticulturist who is using a 1000 watt HID light can\nadequately cover 25-50 square feet of garden space. Greenhouse growers looking\nfor supplemental lighting can cover even more space with that same 1000 watt\nfixture. It is not uncommon for greenhouse gardeners to have a 1000 watt HID\ncover 100+ square feet for supplementary lighting purposes. Long story short,\nHID lighting has a low initial cost for a relatively large coverage area. This\nis the main reason HID lighting has remained so popular among horticulturists.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Propagation\n\n# Tips for Tissue Culture Cloning\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 19, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nTissue culture, in horticulture, refers to the replication of a plant from its\ncells or tissue which are grown in a nutrient culture medium under sterile\nconditions. Basically, tissue culture is like growing a plant in a petri dish\nfrom just the tiniest slice of tissue. Most plant varieties can be\nsuccessfully duplicated with tissue collected from the root, stem, leaves,\nseed, flower, or virtually any other part of the plant. Sterile conditions are\ncrucial for the tissue culture technique because living plant materials are\nnaturally contaminated with microorganisms. Tissue culturists must sterilize\nthe starting plant material in a chemical solution, usually consisting of\nalcohol and sodium hypochlorite. After sterilization, the starting plant\nmaterial is placed in a sterilized container which contains the nutrient\nculture medium. The nutrient culture medium consists of a correct balance of\nplant hormones (auxin and cytokinin) and a nitrogen source. Too much auxin\nwill result in excess root growth, whereas too much cytokinin will result in\nexcess shoot growth. Once the specimens grow large enough, they can be\ntransplanted into potting soil or other desired medium to grow like normal\nplants.\n\nTissue culture offers the horticulturist many different advantages. Like\nconventional cloning, tissue culture offers the ability to create large\nnumbers of genetic copies of a desirable plant. Unlike conventional cloning,\ntissue culture can be used as a way to preserve rare or endangered plant\nspecies and can also be used to rescue embryos in distantly related cross\npollinated species. The biopharmaceutical industry uses massive bioreactors\nfilled with tissue cultures which can produce valuable compounds used as\nbiopharmaceuticals. Another huge advantage of tissue culture is the ability to\n“clean” plant material of contaminates. In other words, a plant that has\ndeveloped a disease or virus can still be propagated without bringing the\npathogen along with it. This advantage alone provides an invaluable asset of\npreservation to modern horticulture.\n\nTissue culture kits are available for hobbyists to use. There are even some\nrecipes online for creating tissue culture kits out of mostly around-the-house\nitems. Because sterilization is so important, hobbyists who want to experiment\nwith tissue culture need to have a dedicated area. Although tissue culture may\nbe a fun experiment, other asexual propagation techniques are more practical\nfor the average greenhouse hobbyist.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# A Quick Guide to Greenhouse Structure and Frame Materials\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 19, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThere are several frame types being used to construct greenhouses. And\nDepending upon your needs some are better than others. The primary materials\nare galvanized steel, aluminum, PVC, fiberglass and wood.\n\n### Galvanized Steel\n\nSteel is one type of framework used on kits. It is strong, and galvanized\nsteel will be rust resistant, but in time will rust a bit. Because of the\nweight, it will cost more to ship than other materials. Galvanized steel tends\nto be used on the lower end greenhouse kits, but it can be found on the more\nexpensive ones too.\n\n### Aluminum\n\nAluminum is strong, will not rust and is lightweight. Round or square tubing\nis used, depending upon the covering material that is being used. Square\ntubing is available from building supply stores and this material could be\nused to construct a greenhouse frame. Drilling holes in it is fairly easy, so\nfiberglass panels or polycarbonate sheets could be fastened to the structure.\n\n### PVC\n\nPVC pipe can be used to construct a Quonset type greenhouse frame. It is\nreadily available, inexpensive and easy to work with. Up to one inch diameter\ncan be bent to form hoops over which Polyethylene film can be stretched. Ends\ncan be constructed from either plywood or fiberglass sheets. Fiberglass sheets\ncan also be screwed to the hoops to form a cover over the frame.\n\n### Wood\n\nTreated wood can also be used to construct a greenhouse. If you are do-it-\nyourself grower, this type of structure can be a bit harder to build. Just\nabout any type of covering could be installed over a wood frame. It is strong\nenough for glass, Polyethylene films can be stapled to it and polycarbonate or\nfiberglass sheets can be screwed to it. Wood is the most versatile material\navailable for a greenhouse structure. Besides pressure treated lumber, cedar\nand redwood can also be used for greenhouse construction. Both are lightweight\nand strong. Redwood is the most readily available and tends to be used in high\nend kits. Greenhouses constructed from redwood are both attractive and long\nlasting.\n\n### Fiberglass\n\nFiberglass tubing is also used as a greenhouse framing material. An advantage\nto this material is that it will not conduct heat or cold easily, thus helping\nkeep heat in and cold out.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Tips for Choosing the Right Size Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 17, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nThe size of a greenhouse can be determined primarily by the quantity of plants\nyou plan to grow during the period of cold weather when additional heat and\nprotection from frost is required. Plants that prefer warmer climates can\ncontinue to grow inside the greenhouse to produce flowers, fruits, or\nvegetables through cold and warm seasons. Plants, requiring shade during both\ncold and warm weather, can be protected from direct sun with a shade cloth.\nSize also will be influenced by the amount of space and money you have\navailable.\n\nThe square footage required can be determined by laying out a floor plan that\nincludes growing areas, walkways, and work and storage spaces not provided for\nin other structures. Enough space should be provided to prevent plants from\ntouching greenhouse walls during freezing weather and to allow adequate air\ncirculation. Plants should be reachable from walkways or from between benches\nand beds to allow for regular watering, fertilizing, and insect and disease\ncontrol.\n\nWalkways must accommodate the movement of workers, customers, equipment,\nplants, and vegetables in and out of the greenhouse. However, you want to\nminimize your walk, work, and storage areas as much as possible, because only\nthe growing areas provide income or plants and vegetables for your own use.\n\nIf you are a commercial grower your greenhouse will need to accommodate trucks\nbacking into (or at least close to) the greenhouse to load and unload. If this\nis the case make sure the greenhouse doors are large enough to accommodate\nthem.\n\nIf money is tight, you can make the permanent greenhouse smaller by using less\nexpensive temporary structures to raise early and late vegetables. Bedding\nplants can also be moved outside early to harden off, using temporary covers\nto protect them when frost is predicted.\n\nDouble and triple uses of greenhouse space allow for increased production per\nsquare foot. A simple wooden or metal frame can be built over a supply-storage\narea, creating more room for flats of plants. Temporary benches, filled with\nplants, can be set between rows of transplanted vegetables and moved as space\nneeds change. Lettuce, spinach, radishes and other quick maturing crops can be\nplanted early between tomato and pepper plants and harvested before later\ncrops grow large enough to block the light.\n\nGreenhouse rafters should be high enough to hang baskets above the heads of\nworkers and customers, especially in walkways, yet low enough to water and\nfertilize regularly. They will need to be spaced far enough apart to grow\nwithout crowding and to allow light penetration to plants below.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Propagation\n\n# Propagating Plants from Seeds\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 13, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nA plant started from seed receives its genetics in a manner similar to the way\nhumans receive genetics. Just as we are made up of a combination of our father\nand mother, a plant started from seed is made from the genetics of its father\nand mother. As with humans, some traits can skip generations and there is no\nguarantee that a plant started from seed will inherit specific traits from its\nmother or father. This is the main reason the majority of commercial plant\npropagation is done by clone or tissue culture. Starting from seed is\nunpredictable but it is also a chance to start a completely unique plant that\nwill add more biodiversity to our wonderful planet.\n\n### Temperature and Humidity for Starting Seeds\n\nGermination is the process in which the plant emerges from the seed to start\nits life. For most plants germination is best done in a very moist (high\nhumidity) environment at a reasonably warm temperature, usually around 75-85\ndegrees F (the exception to this would be seeds that are generally planted in\nearly spring when the ground temperature is much cooler). Propagation trays\nwith humidity domes are great for starting seeds because they create a\nmicroclimate that is more easily controlled. Seeds can be placed directly into\na moist medium in the tray and covered with the humidity dome. If the\nenvironment is not at least 75 degrees F consistently, it is advised to place\na seedling heat mat under the tray to keep a constant temperature. Plants, in\ngeneral, respond better to consistency and this is especially true with seeds\nor clones. Keep the top portion of the medium moist until all of the seeds\nhave sprouted. Once the seedlings have broken the surface, lift the dome off\nperiodically to bring in fresh air and also acclimate the seedlings to the\nlower humidity of the environment. Slowly increase the amount of time each day\nthe dome is removed until it is removed entirely. Most varieties of plants can\nbe acclimated in a matter of a few days. Follow the seed packet’s instructions\nfor thinning, spacing, and transplanting.\n\nAnother popular germination method is the wet paper towel technique. Place\nyour seeds in a damp paper towel and fold the paper towel over the seeds. Put\nthe paper towel in a ziplock bag and place it on top of your refrigerator\n(toward the back; this keeps the seeds at a consistent temperature). Check\ndaily by gently unfolding the paper towel to examine the seeds. Keep the paper\ntowel moist; adding water if necessary. In a few days you should see the first\nroot coming out of the seed (radicle root). Gently, using a tweezers if\nnecessary, place the seed into the soil with the radicle root facing downward.\nCover the seed and keep the top layer of soil moist until the plant breaks the\nsoil’s surface. The paper towel technique is a fun way to teach children how\nplants start from seeds. This technique works best with larger seeds (melons,\ncucumbers, squash, corn, sunflower, etc.). Most smaller seeds, such as\nlettuce, are best planted directly into the soil.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Reasons #9 & #10 of the Top 10 Reasons to Build Your Own Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 11, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\n### Beat the Cost of Grocery Store Produce\n\nOne of the best reasons for a greenhouse of your own is to beat the escalating\nprice of food. For a family of three, a greenhouse will pay for itself in a\nyear or two. No more multiple dollars per pound for produce that you can grow\nin your own backyard.\n\n### Self-Reliance and Independence\n\nAs consumers, we are ever more dependent on jobs, fuel, utility companies and\ngovernment. A greenhouse of your own helps you become independent and self-\nreliant in one of the most important areas of life — keeping you and your\nfamily fed.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Containers\n\n# Fabric Containers for Indoor Horticulture\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 10, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\nLighting, atmospheric conditions and nutrition are some of the most important\ngarden variables that new growers must master in order to be successful. After\na grower has a good understanding of the basics behind the operation of an\nindoor garden, he or she can begin searching for other ways to help maximize\nperformance. There are numerous variables that make up a well functioning\nindoor garden but examining the potting containers is a good place to begin.\n\nFor many growers, plastic potting containers have become the norm because that\nis what their friends use or they do not understand that there are other\noptions available. The truth is, plastic potting containers are not\nnecessarily the best option for indoor horticulture. Fabric containers, like\nthe Smart Pot, are changing the way indoor horticulturists view planting\ncontainers. There are multiple benefits to using a fabric planting container\nin an indoor garden; all of which can help a grower to maximize his or her\nreturn.\n\n### Breathability\n\nThe biggest difference between a fabric container and a plastic container is\nbreathability. A plastic container is non-permeable and will not allow any air\nto reach the side portions of the planting container. With a Smart Pot all of\nthe soil within the container is exposed to air. This “breathability” creates\ntwo distinct advantages over plastic potting containers: air pruned roots and\nincreased oxygen to the root mass.\n\n### Air Pruned Roots\n\nAfter branching out from the center, the roots will eventually reach the wall\nof the potting container. In a typical plastic potting container, the roots\nwill reach the wall and turn. This creates a circling of roots within the\ncontainer. The roots in a fabric container behave differently. As a root\nreaches the wall of a fabric container, the exposure to air causes the root to\nair prune. The tip of the root is “pruned” and stops growing. As the tip of\nthe root stops growing, a series of lateral roots grow off the main root. This\ncreates a more uniform root mass within the potting container. A plant with a\nuniform root mass is more efficient at up-taking nutrients and moisture. It is\nthe natural air pruning from fabric containers that creates a healthier, more\nuniform root mass. As many growers know, a plant with a robust root mass will\nbe healthier and produce better yields.\n\n### Increased Oxygen\n\nAside from the benefits of air pruning, the increased exposure to air provides\nthe roots with a higher oxygen content. Roots love oxygen. When a plant’s\nroots are provided with increased oxygen levels healthier, brilliantly white\nand fuzzy roots with lateral branches are created. The increased oxygen is\nalso a safe guard against many root-borne pathogens. Root rot (pythium) is a\ncommon problem for indoor horticulturists. This nasty disease is capable of\nwiping out an entire garden in a matter of just days. By using a Smart Pot,\nindoor gardeners automatically protect themselves from pythium or other\nanaerobic pathogens that breed in oxygen depleted environments.\n\nIndoor gardeners who are still using plastic potting containers to house their\nsoil should definitely give a fabric container, like the Smart Pot, a try. If\nthe science behind the fabric containers doesn’t convince you, try doing a\nside by side comparison. Grow one plant in a fabric pot right next to a plant\nof the same variety in a plastic container. Once you have experienced the\nincreased growth rates and the healthiest root masses you’ve ever grown\nindoors, you’ll be switching every plastic container to Smart Pots before you\ncan say, “air pruned”.\n\nFor more information regarding quality fabric containers and the Smart Pot,\nplease visit Smartpot.com.\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Reasons #7 & #8 of the Top 10 Reasons to Build Your Own Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 4, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\n### Reason #7 – Get Out of the Wind and Harsh Weather\n\nGreenhouses shield you and your plants from the damaging effects of a storm\nthat might bring high winds, driving rains and hail or freezing weather with\nice and snow. It also protects your plants from the constant drying effects of\nwinds in more arid environments.\n\n### Reason #8 – Garden Year Round\n\nIn most places across the country, the sheltered environment of a greenhouse\nprovides enough protection for growing vegetables year round. Even when\ntemperatures drop into the single digits, many cold tolerant vegetable crops\ncan survive just fine.\n\nLearn All 10 Reasons\n\nContinue Reading\n\n### Greenhouses\n\n# Reasons #5 & #6 of the Top 10 Reasons to Build Your Own Greenhouse\n\nPublished\n\n6 years ago\n\non\n\nFebruary 3, 2015\n\nBy\n\nGarden & Greenhouse\n\n### Reason #5 – Extend the Season\n\nGet started earlier than normal and garden longer than your normal summer\nseason. Unless you are growing plants that are very temperature sensitive, and\nyour environment is harsh, you should be able to count on nearly two months\nhead start and two months extended growing season, all with no supplemental\nheat.\n\n### Reason #6 – Create a Warm and Humid Environment\n\nPlants love warmth and humidity. They thrive in it. A greenhouse allows you to\neasily capture and maintain an environment of warmth and humidity.\n\nContinue Reading<\n\n" } ]
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How To Mention Relevant Coursework in a Resume
Referencing your coursework is a great way to show an employer the knowledge and experience you have in a particular field. If you've completed any coursework relevant to the job you're applying for, include it in your resume to show off your skills. To do this, list your coursework in your education section, underneath your degree. Write your degree or course first, then your university or college, followed by your graduation date or anticipated completion date. Then, underneath that, add the subheading “Relevant coursework,” and list 1-3 examples of relevant coursework.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201129225254/https://www.themuse.com/advice/how-to-and-how-not-to-list-education-on-your-resume", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112035545/https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/how-to-list-education-on-a-resume", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201126191043/https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/how-to-include-relevant-coursework-on-a-student-resume", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201224201956/https://careers.umd.edu/students/resumes-cover-letters/resume-samples" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.themuse.com/advice/how-to-and-how-not-to-list-education-on-your-resume", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201129225254/https://www.themuse.com/advice/how-to-and-how-not-to-list-education-on-your-resume", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to List Education on Your Resume", "passages": [ "About a week ago, I received a resume from a job seeker interested in a technical sales position one of my recruiting clients has available. All was going well—until I reached the education section of his resume.", "I wanted to admire his creativity, I really did. But instead, I just felt sort of annoyed and duped. I wondered why this job seeker, who had tons of great work experience and plenty of continuing education coursework under his belt, felt like he had to invent something to put into this section of his resume.", "The more I pondered, the more I realized: Resumes are just damned hard for most people to craft, even under the most straightforward of circumstances. This challenge becomes even more daunting when you have to strategize on something sensitive or complex, like having no degree or a non-completed degree.", "And then there’s the whole, “Where do I put my education on the resume, top or bottom?” thing. And how about dates? Do you list them, or not? Do you cite GPA, courses completed? Committee memberships?", "The education section is tough. And truthfully, there aren’t unbendable laws on it. But to avoid this job seeker’s mistake (and others), here are a few bits of advice on how to best manage this piece of your resume:", "Most of us have stuff in our past that we’d like to disguise on our resumes. If it happens that your Achilles heel falls in the education section, be strategic, of course, but not cheesy (see above) or dishonest. It probably won’t end well. If you feel your education section is a little light, load this section with continuing education and professional coursework.", "Usually, you should lay down your educational background by listing the most recent or advanced degree first, working in reverse chronological order. But there are exceptions. Say you earned a degree in geography, but are now working in the field of online marketing. If you more recently completed coursework specific to social media or digital marketing, list that first to grab the reviewer’s attention.", "Unless you’re a recent graduate (one to three years out of school), you really don’t need to list the graduation dates. The reviewer cares more about whether or not you have the degree than when you earned it. And, as you progress in your career (that’s code for “as that gray hair starts springing out”), listing dates can work against you.", "If you attended one or two colleges before landing at the one from which you graduated, it’s not necessary to list them all out. Again, the degree is what the reviewer is looking for, not an autobiographical account of the four colleges you hopped to and from before finally graduating.", "Last week, I counseled a woman who had completed her master’s program, but not the thesis. She wondered if it was OK to list that she’d completed the coursework, or if would it appear deceptive. Um, mention it. Absolutely mention it. I’d frame it something like this:", "If you graduated from college with high honors, absolutely make note of it. While you don’t need to list your GPA (especially if it’s under 3.5 or if you’ve been out of school for more than three years), don’t be afraid to showcase that summa cum laude status or the fact that you were in the honors college at your university.", "Most people list educational background at the end of the resume, which is perfectly fine. However, if you have a degree from a prestigious university or one that may serve as an advantage for the types of positions you’re pursuing, consider listing your education at the beginning of your resume instead.", "Above all, be strategic about anything you put in your education section. Like anything else on your resume, it should be working for you, not against.", "Jenny Foss is a career strategist, recruiter, and the voice of the popular career blog JobJenny.com. Based in Portland, OR, Jenny is the author of the Ridiculously Awesome Resume Kit and the Ridiculously Awesome Career Pivot Kit. Also check out the Weekend Resume Makeover Course, find Jenny on Twitter @JobJenny, and book one-on-one coaching sessions with her on The Muse's Coach Connect." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to List Education on Your Resume | The Muse\n\nActionable Steps to Fight Workplace RacismLearn More\n\nSkip to main content\n\nHi Guest\n\nSign In\n\nResumes\n\n# How to (and How Not to) List Education on Your Resume\n\nby\n\nJenny Foss\n\nShutterstock\n\nAbout a week ago, I received a resume from a job seeker interested in a\ntechnical sales position one of my recruiting clients has available. All was\ngoing well—until I reached the education section of his resume.\n\nHere’s what it said:\n\nGraduate, and Ongoing Student\n\nSchool of Life, Multiple Locations\n\nI wanted to admire his creativity, I really did. But instead, I just felt sort\nof annoyed and duped. I wondered why this job seeker, who had tons of great\nwork experience and plenty of continuing education coursework under his belt,\nfelt like he had to invent something to put into this section of his resume.\n\nThe more I pondered, the more I realized: Resumes are just damned hard for\nmost people to craft, even under the most straightforward of circumstances.\nThis challenge becomes even more daunting when you have to strategize on\nsomething sensitive or complex, like having no degree or a non-completed\ndegree.\n\nAnd then there’s the whole, “Where do I put my education on the resume, top or\nbottom?” thing. And how about dates? Do you list them, or not? Do you cite\nGPA, courses completed? Committee memberships?\n\nThe education section is tough. And truthfully, there aren’t unbendable laws\non it. But to avoid this job seeker’s mistake (and others), here are a few\nbits of advice on how to best manage this piece of your resume:\n\n## Don’t Be Overly Cutesy (or Lie)\n\nMost of us have stuff in our past that we’d like to disguise on our resumes.\nIf it happens that your Achilles heel falls in the education section, be\nstrategic, of course, but not cheesy (see above) or dishonest. It probably\nwon’t end well. If you feel your education section is a little light, load\nthis section with continuing education and professional coursework.\n\n## Put Advanced Degrees First (Usually)\n\nUsually, you should lay down your educational background by listing the most\nrecent or advanced degree first, working in reverse chronological order. But\nthere are exceptions. Say you earned a degree in geography, but are now\nworking in the field of online marketing. If you more recently completed\ncoursework specific to social media or digital marketing, list that first to\ngrab the reviewer’s attention.\n\n## Lose the Dates, Unless You’re a Recent Grad\n\nUnless you’re a recent graduate (one to three years out of school), you really\ndon’t need to list the graduation dates. The reviewer cares more about whether\nor not you have the degree than when you earned it. And, as you progress in\nyour career (that’s code for “as that gray hair starts springing out”),\nlisting dates can work against you.\n\n## Don’t List Everywhere You Ever Attended\n\nIf you attended one or two colleges before landing at the one from which you\ngraduated, it’s not necessary to list them all out. Again, the degree is what\nthe reviewer is looking for, not an autobiographical account of the four\ncolleges you hopped to and from before finally graduating.\n\n## Didn’t Quite Earn the Degree? Mention It Anyway\n\nLast week, I counseled a woman who had completed her master’s program, but not\nthe thesis. She wondered if it was OK to list that she’d completed the\ncoursework, or if would it appear deceptive. Um, mention it. Absolutely\nmention it. I’d frame it something like this:\n\nMaster of Business Administration Degree Candidate, Marylhurst University,\nMarylhurst, OR\n\nThesis under development; anticipated completion June 2013\n\n## List Honors, Not GPA\n\nIf you graduated from college with high honors, absolutely make note of it.\nWhile you don’t need to list your GPA (especially if it’s under 3.5 or if\nyou’ve been out of school for more than three years), don’t be afraid to\nshowcase that summa cum laude status or the fact that you were in the honors\ncollege at your university.\n\n## Position It Strategically\n\nMost people list educational background at the end of the resume, which is\nperfectly fine. However, if you have a degree from a prestigious university or\none that may serve as an advantage for the types of positions you’re pursuing,\nconsider listing your education at the beginning of your resume instead.\n\nAbove all, be strategic about anything you put in your education section. Like\nanything else on your resume, it should be working for you, not against.\n\nJenny Foss is a career strategist, recruiter, and the voice of the popular\ncareer blog JobJenny.com. Based in Portland, OR, Jenny is the author of the\nRidiculously Awesome Resume Kit and the Ridiculously Awesome Career Pivot Kit.\nAlso check out the Weekend Resume Makeover Course, find Jenny on Twitter\n@JobJenny, and book one-on-one coaching sessions with her on The Muse's Coach\nConnect.\n\nMore from Jenny Foss\n\n©2020 Daily Muse Inc.\n\n###### About The Muse\n\n * About Us\n * Team\n * Careers\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n * Search Jobs\n * Browse Companies\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n\n###### Popular Jobs\n\n * New York Jobs\n * San Francisco Jobs\n * Seattle Jobs\n * Engineering Jobs\n * Marketing Jobs\n * Information Technology Jobs\n\n###### Get Involved\n\n * For Employers\n * The Muse Book: The New Rules of Work\n * Podcast: The New Rules of Work\n * For Career Coaches\n * For Developers\n * Send Feedback About The Muse\n * Tell A Friend\n\n###### Join the Conversation\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/how-to-list-education-on-a-resume", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112035545/https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/how-to-list-education-on-a-resume", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to List Education on a Resume", "passages": [ "Education is one of a few key sections employers look for on resumes. This information will inform interviewers of your background, which can be a helpful way to understand more about your fit for the role. If your education is particularly relevant to the position or includes any credentials that are required for the job, this section may quickly set you apart from other candidates.", "You have several options when it comes to choosing where and how you list education on your resume. You can identify the best place to put your education on your resume by carefully reading job descriptions. This will often help you understand whether certain levels of education are essential, nice-to-have or unnecessary for each role.", "Though varying levels of detail are required for different jobs, the education section is often the shortest portion of the resume—try keeping it around 15–30 words.", "It’s important to format your educational experience to match the requirements of the job you’re applying for. For example, a recent graduate will want to include more detail and place the education section in a prominent position on their resume because this is the bulk of their experience. Alternatively, a person who has been in the workforce for several years will move their education section below their professional experience and keep this section short because their interviewers will be more interested in the work they’ve done at previous employers.", "Each employer searches for different things in your education and what they look for depends on the requirements for the job. If you’re applying for an entry-level job, the hiring manager might want to see that you have a high school diploma or college degree. A recruiter seeking a director of a department might be looking for business or managerial training, like an MBA.", "The educational requirements of a job are often listed under a “requirements” or “education” section on the job description, so read carefully to see if your background is a good match.", "There are some professions such as finance or healthcare where specific certifications or degrees are essential to getting the job. If you know a potential employer will need to see that you have the right credentials before considering your other experience, place your education at the top of the page just below your contact information and professional summary.", "The most important thing to keep in mind as you document your education is honesty. Potential employers may conduct a background check before offering you a job. If they come across information that’s different from what’s on your resume, this could hurt your chances of getting the job.", "Recent Graduate (1-5 years) If you’ve recently graduated, place your education section before or in line with your work experience. Your schooling is likely the most prominent piece of your resume, so it is acceptable to make this one of the first sections for employers to see. You can also include your attendance dates, any honors received (cum laude, etc.) and GPA if above 3.4. If you attended multiple schools, include the most prominent one where you were most involved. Here’s an example:", "Experienced Professional (5 or more years) If you’ve been in the workforce for several years, move your education section below your professional experience. Your interviewers will be more interested in what you’ve achieved in recent years rather than in your academic career. You can also remove more specific details of your education section like attendance dates and GPA if you’d like. The more you can create interest around your work experience, the better. If you have advanced degrees like your masters or PhD, include those in rank order of level (ex. PhD, Master’s, Bachelor’s, etc.). In this example, the candidate included two diplomas:", "In-progress education If you’re not finished with your degree, you can still include work you’ve done and when you plan to graduate. Employers are interested in what you’re studying and any specific coursework or special recognitions relevant to the job. If you’re still a student, place the education section just below your contact information and summary statement.", "Here are a couple of examples of high school and college student education sections for reference if this is applicable for your situation:", "Incomplete education If you have incomplete education, you can list any completed coursework in your education section. You can take steps to boost the section with certifications or other professional development achievements. You can even consider having a separate professional development section, showcasing how you’ve continued education relevant to the job. This is often just as valuable to employers if directly related to experiences you’ll have on the job. Here are a few examples:", "You have a few choices on what to include in the education section of your resume, where to place it and how to make it appealing to potential employers. For placement on your resume, think about where you are in your career and what you want to emphasize. If education is the most prominent part of your experience, place it towards the top. If you have several years of experience, you may want to place education below that.", "When deciding on content, be honest and strategic. Include important pieces of your ongoing education that are relevant to the position. That can include coursework, certifications, honors, organizations and more.", "When you get an interview, plan to discuss your background. Your interviewer may ask you to explain or give more detail on the educational experiences you’ve listed, so be prepared to answer this and any other follow-up questions they may have on your qualifications.", "As you create your HR resume, include relevant human resource skills. Here are 10 technical skills that could help boost your HR resume and stand out to employers.", "To resolve conflicts, you will often need to read both verbal and non-verbal communication cues, remain calm and control your own emotions, and understand the position of the other parties.", "The information on this site is provided as a courtesy. Indeed is not a career or legal advisor and does not guarantee job interviews or offers." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to List Education on a Resume | Indeed.com\n\nIndeed Career Guide\n\nCareer Guide / Resumes & Cover Letters / How to List Education on a Resume\n\nCareer Guide / Resumes & Cover Letters / How to List Education on a Resume\n\nResumes & Cover Letters\n\n# How to List Education on a Resume\n\nNovember 10, 2020\n\nEducation is one of a few key sections employers look for on resumes. This\ninformation will inform interviewers of your background, which can be a\nhelpful way to understand more about your fit for the role. If your education\nis particularly relevant to the position or includes any credentials that are\nrequired for the job, this section may quickly set you apart from other\ncandidates.\n\nYou have several options when it comes to choosing where and how you list\neducation on your resume. You can identify the best place to put your\neducation on your resume by carefully reading job descriptions. This will\noften help you understand whether certain levels of education are essential,\nnice-to-have or unnecessary for each role.\n\nRead more: 6 Universal Rules for Resume Writing\n\n## Information to include in your resume education section\n\nHiring managers are looking for a few basic pieces of information when they\nscan your education section, including:\n\n * The name of your school\n * Location of your school\n * The degree you obtained (if applicable)\n * Your field of study\n * Graduation year (if applicable)\n * Your GPA (Note: You may not want to include this if it’s not above 3.4)\n * Any relevant honors or academic recognition, coursework, activities or other achievements obtained during your education\n\nThough varying levels of detail are required for different jobs, the education\nsection is often the shortest portion of the resume—try keeping it around\n15–30 words.\n\nIt’s important to format your educational experience to match the requirements\nof the job you’re applying for. For example, a recent graduate will want to\ninclude more detail and place the education section in a prominent position on\ntheir resume because this is the bulk of their experience. Alternatively, a\nperson who has been in the workforce for several years will move their\neducation section below their professional experience and keep this section\nshort because their interviewers will be more interested in the work they’ve\ndone at previous employers.\n\nEasily apply to jobs with an Indeed Resume\n\nCreate your resume\n\n## What employers look for in the education section of your resume\n\nEach employer searches for different things in your education and what they\nlook for depends on the requirements for the job. If you’re applying for an\nentry-level job, the hiring manager might want to see that you have a high\nschool diploma or college degree. A recruiter seeking a director of a\ndepartment might be looking for business or managerial training, like an MBA.\n\nThe educational requirements of a job are often listed under a “requirements”\nor “education” section on the job description, so read carefully to see if\nyour background is a good match.\n\nThere are some professions such as finance or healthcare where specific\ncertifications or degrees are essential to getting the job. If you know a\npotential employer will need to see that you have the right credentials before\nconsidering your other experience, place your education at the top of the page\njust below your contact information and professional summary.\n\nThe most important thing to keep in mind as you document your education is\nhonesty. Potential employers may conduct a background check before offering\nyou a job. If they come across information that’s different from what’s on\nyour resume, this could hurt your chances of getting the job.\n\n## How to list completed education (with examples)\n\nRecent Graduate (1-5 years) If you’ve recently graduated, place your education\nsection before or in line with your work experience. Your schooling is likely\nthe most prominent piece of your resume, so it is acceptable to make this one\nof the first sections for employers to see. You can also include your\nattendance dates, any honors received (cum laude, etc.) and GPA if above 3.4.\nIf you attended multiple schools, include the most prominent one where you\nwere most involved. Here’s an example:\n\nUniversity of Hawaii, 2011–2016 Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Business\nEssentials Certificate Terry Scholar\n\nExperienced Professional (5 or more years) If you’ve been in the workforce for\nseveral years, move your education section below your professional experience.\nYour interviewers will be more interested in what you’ve achieved in recent\nyears rather than in your academic career. You can also remove more specific\ndetails of your education section like attendance dates and GPA if you’d like.\nThe more you can create interest around your work experience, the better. If\nyou have advanced degrees like your masters or PhD, include those in rank\norder of level (ex. PhD, Master’s, Bachelor’s, etc.). In this example, the\ncandidate included two diplomas:\n\nAtlanta Graduate School of Management | Atlanta, GA Master’s of Business\nAdministration (MBA) Master’s of Science in Information Systems (MSIS)\n\nUniversity of Georgia | Athens, GA Bachelor’s of Accountancy\n\nRead more: 27 Proofreading Tips That Will Improve Your Resume\n\n## How to list incomplete or in-progress education (with examples)\n\nIn-progress education If you’re not finished with your degree, you can still\ninclude work you’ve done and when you plan to graduate. Employers are\ninterested in what you’re studying and any specific coursework or special\nrecognitions relevant to the job. If you’re still a student, place the\neducation section just below your contact information and summary statement.\n\nBe sure to include the following information:\n\n * Name of institution\n * Degree type\n * Year of intended graduation\n\nIf appropriate, consider adding these pieces of optional information:\n\n * Honors or other academic achievements\n * Your GPA, if its a 3.4 or above\n * Relevant coursework\n * Extracurricular activities or organizations\n\nHere are a couple of examples of high school and college student education\nsections for reference if this is applicable for your situation:\n\nWaters High School | Waters, VA Expected Diploma, 2019 (GPA: 3.6) National\nHonor Society, Vice President Marching Band, Section Leader\n\nUniversity of Kentucky | Lexington, KY B.A. in Accounting candidate | Diploma\nexpected 2019 Prominent Coursework: Intro to Risk Management, Actuary Sciences\nHonors: Member, Phi Mu Epsilon Johnson Academic Achievement Scholarship\n\nIncomplete education If you have incomplete education, you can list any\ncompleted coursework in your education section. You can take steps to boost\nthe section with certifications or other professional development\nachievements. You can even consider having a separate professional development\nsection, showcasing how you’ve continued education relevant to the job. This\nis often just as valuable to employers if directly related to experiences\nyou’ll have on the job. Here are a few examples:\n\nUniversity of Alabama | Birmingham, Alabama Completed Coursework: Calculus,\nAccounting for Nonprofits, Finance 101 & 102\n\nGeneral Education Development Certificate Certification in Grant Writing,\nNotre Dame Online (2015)\n\nValley High School | Valley, Maine Professional Development: Online Coursework\non Photography Basics, Advanced Photography, Photography in History\n\nBuckington College, 2011–2013 | Toros, Georgia Completed 32 credits, including\n16 credits in administration.\n\nYou have a few choices on what to include in the education section of your\nresume, where to place it and how to make it appealing to potential employers.\nFor placement on your resume, think about where you are in your career and\nwhat you want to emphasize. If education is the most prominent part of your\nexperience, place it towards the top. If you have several years of experience,\nyou may want to place education below that.\n\nWhen deciding on content, be honest and strategic. Include important pieces of\nyour ongoing education that are relevant to the position. That can include\ncoursework, certifications, honors, organizations and more.\n\nWhen you get an interview, plan to discuss your background. Your interviewer\nmay ask you to explain or give more detail on the educational experiences\nyou’ve listed, so be prepared to answer this and any other follow-up questions\nthey may have on your qualifications.\n\nRead more: How to Write a Resume Education Summary (With Examples and Tips)\n\n## Related Articles\n\nView More\n\nThe Top 10 Technical HR Skills to Include on a Resume\n\nAs you create your HR resume, include relevant human resource skills. Here are\n10 technical skills that could help boost your HR resume and stand out to\nemployers.\n\nConflict Resolution Skills: Definition and Examples\n\nTo resolve conflicts, you will often need to read both verbal and non-verbal\ncommunication cues, remain calm and control your own emotions, and understand\nthe position of the other parties.\n\nHow to Write a Federal Resume\n\nIf you are applying to a government position, use this guide to craft a clear\nand comprehensive federal resume.\n\n## Footer\n\nThe information on this site is provided as a courtesy. Indeed is not a career\nor legal advisor and does not guarantee job interviews or offers.\n\n### Explore Indeed\n\nFind Jobs\n\nPost Resume\n\nBrowse Articles\n\nBrowse Career Paths\n\nCompany Reviews\n\nSalaries\n\nEmployer Resources\n\n### Resources\n\nHelp Center\n\nContact Us\n\nAbout\n\n### Follow us\n\nCookies, Privacy and Terms | © 2020 Indeed\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/how-to-include-relevant-coursework-on-a-student-resume", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201126191043/https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/resumes-cover-letters/how-to-include-relevant-coursework-on-a-student-resume", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Include Relevant Coursework on a Student Resume", "passages": [ "If you are a student, you might not have a large volume of work experience to list on your resume. This is common, and employers will take your student status into account when reviewing your resume. However, adding coursework that’s relevant to the job or internship you’re applying for can help employers understand the skills you’re developing and why you’d be a good fit for the job. In this article, we explain how students or recent graduates can include relevant coursework on a resume.", "“Relevant coursework” is an optional entry-level resume section that includes coursework you’ve completed related to the job you’re applying to. Additionally, this section can include projects, academic achievements, extracurriculars and volunteer opportunities.", "If you are a student or have just graduated, relevant coursework is a good way to demonstrate your expertise even if you don’t yet have professional experience.", "If you’ve been in the workforce for over a year, this section may not be right for you. Instead, focus on the professional experiences and achievements you’ve made. Additionally, if you’re applying for a job that won’t find relevant coursework helpful in the hiring process (like a waiter or cashier), this section might not be necessary. Instead, consider prioritizing technical skills and past experience.", "If you’re applying for a job that emphasizes the importance of academic experience, like an internship or other education-focused position, consider including a relevant coursework section on your resume.", "For clues, look to the job description to help you understand what the employer is looking for. If they’re looking for a certain diploma, certification, portfolio or GPA, these are indicators that including coursework would be helpful.", "You have a couple of options when including relevant coursework on your resume, including a column format and detailed format. Here are three common ways to organize your coursework.", "The single-column format looks similar to the education section on your resume, simply displaying your relevant coursework in list form. For example, a candidate applying for a journalism job might include the following:", "Alternatively, the detailed format provides more information on the courses you choose to include. This format will look more like what you would typically see under a professional experience section, noting the course and school name, dates you took the course and two to four bullet points highlighting relevant learnings or achievements from the course.", "Another decision you’ll have to make as you work to include a relevant coursework section is where to place it on your resume. If you feel this would simply be a helpful supplement to the rest of your resume for an employer, it might be best placed below the education section of your resume.", "If the relevant coursework section will be the primary feature of your experience, consider placing it at the top or “main” part of your resume, where a professional experience section would normally go. If you’ve decided the latter is appropriate, opt for the detailed format.", "Including a relevant coursework section on your student resume can be an extremely helpful way to communicate the value you’ll bring to the employer’s team. Keep the job description top-of-mind when deciding what information to include in the coursework section, and where to place it on your resume.", "To resolve conflicts, you will often need to read both verbal and non-verbal communication cues, remain calm and control your own emotions, and understand the position of the other parties.", "The information on this site is provided as a courtesy. Indeed is not a career or legal advisor and does not guarantee job interviews or offers." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Include Relevant Coursework on a Student Resume | Indeed.com\n\nIndeed Career Guide\n\nCareer Guide / Resumes & Cover Letters / How to Include Relevant Coursework on\na Student Resume\n\nCareer Guide / Resumes & Cover Letters / How to Include Relevant Coursework on\na Student Resume\n\nResumes & Cover Letters\n\n# How to Include Relevant Coursework on a Student Resume\n\nNovember 17, 2020\n\nIf you are a student, you might not have a large volume of work experience to\nlist on your resume. This is common, and employers will take your student\nstatus into account when reviewing your resume. However, adding coursework\nthat’s relevant to the job or internship you’re applying for can help\nemployers understand the skills you’re developing and why you’d be a good fit\nfor the job. In this article, we explain how students or recent graduates can\ninclude relevant coursework on a resume.\n\n## When to include (and exclude) relevant coursework\n\n“Relevant coursework” is an optional entry-level resume section that includes\ncoursework you’ve completed related to the job you’re applying to.\nAdditionally, this section can include projects, academic achievements,\nextracurriculars and volunteer opportunities.\n\nIf you are a student or have just graduated, relevant coursework is a good way\nto demonstrate your expertise even if you don’t yet have professional\nexperience.\n\nIf you’ve been in the workforce for over a year, this section may not be right\nfor you. Instead, focus on the professional experiences and achievements\nyou’ve made. Additionally, if you’re applying for a job that won’t find\nrelevant coursework helpful in the hiring process (like a waiter or cashier),\nthis section might not be necessary. Instead, consider prioritizing technical\nskills and past experience.\n\nRelated: How to Write a College Student Cover Letter (With Template and\nExamples)\n\nIf you’re applying for a job that emphasizes the importance of academic\nexperience, like an internship or other education-focused position, consider\nincluding a relevant coursework section on your resume.\n\nFor clues, look to the job description to help you understand what the\nemployer is looking for. If they’re looking for a certain diploma,\ncertification, portfolio or GPA, these are indicators that including\ncoursework would be helpful.\n\nEasily apply to jobs with an Indeed Resume\n\nCreate your resume\n\n## Ways to include your coursework on a resume\n\nYou have a couple of options when including relevant coursework on your\nresume, including a column format and detailed format. Here are three common\nways to organize your coursework.\n\n### 1\\. Use a single-column format\n\nThe single-column format looks similar to the education section on your\nresume, simply displaying your relevant coursework in list form. For example,\na candidate applying for a journalism job might include the following:\n\nRelevant Editorial Coursework\n\n * Ethical Journalism\n * Global Journalism\n * Fuller Times Student Paper, Editor\n\n### 2\\. Use a multi-column format\n\nYou can also group the columns into sections if the job you’re applying to\nrequires expertise in multiple fields.\n\nFor example:\n\nRelevant Editorial Coursework\n\nJournalism\n\n * Ethical Journalism\n * Global Journalism\n * Fuller Times Student Paper, Editor\n\nEnglish\n\n * Technical Writing\n * Research Internship\n * Oral Communications\n\nRelated: 7 College Resume Tips (With Examples)\n\n### 3\\. Use a detailed format\n\nAlternatively, the detailed format provides more information on the courses\nyou choose to include. This format will look more like what you would\ntypically see under a professional experience section, noting the course and\nschool name, dates you took the course and two to four bullet points\nhighlighting relevant learnings or achievements from the course.\n\nHere’s an example:\n\nRelevant Editorial Coursework\n\nEthical Journalism, Fuller School of Journalism, Hartford College Fall\n2016–present\n\n * Understand guiding principles and values of ethical journalism\n * Develop and follow a rational process for figuring out your options when faced with an ethics problem\n * Justify decisions to editors, colleagues and your audience in year-end\n\nGlobal Journalism, Fuller School of Journalism, Hartford College Fall\n2016–present\n\n * Learn advanced principles for conducting accurate, effective journalism for a global audience\n * Independent year-end study with the opportunity to report from Greece, won honorable mention\n\nEditor, Fuller Times, Hartford College Spring 2015\n\n * Lead a team of 10 journalists covering global, national, and local topics for the school paper\n * Winner, best student newspaper from the Bureau of College Journalism\n\nRelated: 27 Proofreading Tips That Will Improve Your Resume\n\nAnother decision you’ll have to make as you work to include a relevant\ncoursework section is where to place it on your resume. If you feel this would\nsimply be a helpful supplement to the rest of your resume for an employer, it\nmight be best placed below the education section of your resume.\n\nIf the relevant coursework section will be the primary feature of your\nexperience, consider placing it at the top or “main” part of your resume,\nwhere a professional experience section would normally go. If you’ve decided\nthe latter is appropriate, opt for the detailed format.\n\nIncluding a relevant coursework section on your student resume can be an\nextremely helpful way to communicate the value you’ll bring to the employer’s\nteam. Keep the job description top-of-mind when deciding what information to\ninclude in the coursework section, and where to place it on your resume.\n\nRelated: The New Graduate's Guide to Job Search)\n\n## Related Articles\n\nView More\n\nConflict Resolution Skills: Definition and Examples\n\nTo resolve conflicts, you will often need to read both verbal and non-verbal\ncommunication cues, remain calm and control your own emotions, and understand\nthe position of the other parties.\n\nHow to Write a Federal Resume\n\nIf you are applying to a government position, use this guide to craft a clear\nand comprehensive federal resume.\n\n6 Tips for Writing a Great Graduate School Personal Statement (With Examples)\n\nLearn how to write an effective personal statement for graduate school with\nthese tips and examples.\n\n## Footer\n\nThe information on this site is provided as a courtesy. Indeed is not a career\nor legal advisor and does not guarantee job interviews or offers.\n\n### Explore Indeed\n\nFind Jobs\n\nPost Resume\n\nBrowse Articles\n\nBrowse Career Paths\n\nCompany Reviews\n\nSalaries\n\nEmployer Resources\n\n### Resources\n\nHelp Center\n\nContact Us\n\nAbout\n\n### Follow us\n\nCookies, Privacy and Terms | © 2020 Indeed\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://careers.umd.edu/students/resumes-cover-letters/resume-samples", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201224201956/https://careers.umd.edu/students/resumes-cover-letters/resume-samples", "parsed_text": { "title": "Resume Samples", "passages": [ "Whether you are just starting a resume or you are looking to enhance your current draft, the following sample resumes can help. Keep in mind your resume should reflect your unique experiences! Review the samples that follow and check out the Resume Tips page for tips on strengthening your resume.", "Beginning/Early College Resume: If you are still using a resume from high school, you will likely need to make some significant edits. While high school resumes are usually lists of activities, college/professional resumes focus more on related experience, coursework and transferable skills. If you haven’t yet participated in an internship or other experience related to your career field of interest, consider going into greater detail about related courses, academic, volunteer experiences and/or leadership opportunities. The following example showcases the student’s project experience from a campus program as well as on-campus leadership experience. VIEW EXAMPLE 1 / VIEW EXAMPLE 2", "Sample Industry Resumes: It is important to research the field you hope to enter as some industries may have differences in terms of what is common on resumes and other application documents. A few examples are included below:", "Graphic Design/Digital Media/Advertising/Public Relations: In many of these career fields, it is becoming increasingly acceptable and even advisable to add design elements to your resume. Consider adding a pop of color, logo or other unique components to your resume. Having such a resume can further showcase your stated skills in using design software. Despite the design, the same basic components of the resume are still very important: Use strong action verbs, quantify your results and focus on relevant experience first. The following example shows how an art major has effectively shared her unique skillset. VIEW ART MAJOR EXAMPLE", "Sciences/Technical/Health: When applying for science-related positions, it can be important to clearly demonstrate specific technical skills in a section closer to the top of your resume. Depending on your background, you may want to highlight specific lab skills, computer programming languages or software skills you possess. This resume provides an example of how to leverage these skills on your resume. VIEW SCIENCE EXAMPLE.", "For some fields, highlighting technical/programming/computer skills will be important. If you haven't had an internship yet, you want to make sure you still show your technical skills. In these cases, relevant projects can be a way to show that experience. VIEW TECHNICAL EXAMPLE", "For health students, you will want to highlight your related experience, which may include clinical experience and/or volunteer experience in the local community. You should also connect with the Reed-Yorke Health Professions Advising Office on campus to better understand the application process to premed and allied health graduate programs. The following example may give you some ideas for how to share this experience on your resume. VIEW HEALTH EXAMPLE", "Advanced/Later College Resume: Once you have accrued internship or other related experience, you will want to be thoughtful as to how you best fill the limited space on your resume. This example effectively highlights 3 internships as well as leadership experience. VIEW EXAMPLE", "Federal Government: If applying to the Federal government, you will use a different format. The following example demonstrates some of these important differences. In many cases, you will build your resume into the resume builder on USAJobs.gov. VIEW FEDERAL EXAMPLE", "Graduate Student Resume: If you are in a graduate program, you likely have more experience to share on your resume. You may have either a curriculum vitae (CV) or shorter resume depending on your career goals. CVs are used when applying for research related and faculty positions in academia while resumes are typically used when applying for jobs in private industry and nonprofit organizations.If you plan to construct a CV, you will want to reach out to faculty in your program for a strong sample of a CV in your specific field. The following example demonstrates how a graduate student can create a shorter, 2-page resume. VIEW GRAD EXAMPLE", "Veteran/Adult Learner Student Resume: If you are a career changer and/or have served in the military, you will need to think about how to market transferable skills from your previous career along with the new skills you are picking up through your studies at the university level. For veterans, it's important to avoid military acronyms and jargon as much as possible and pull out examples of transferable skills applicable to your new career field of interest. Quantify your accomplishments whenever possible and consider listing some related coursework from your current degree program, if applicable. VIEW VETERAN EXAMPLE", "of employers surveyed automatically take an applicant out of the running if their resume is too generic and doesn't seem personalized for the position. - CareerBuilder", "To add yourself to our eNewsletter and learn about our weekly event updates and job search tips simply enter your email address below" ] }, "parsed_md": "Resume Samples | Careers\n\nSkip to main content\n\nClose\n\n * Students\n\n * Choose Your Career\n * Gain Experience\n * Launch Your Career\n * Further Your Education\n * Employers\n\n * Hire Students & Alumni\n * Recruit On Campus\n * Volunteer at UMD\n * Become a Sponsor\n * Faculty & Staff\n\n * Help Your Students\n * Import Canvas Assignments\n * Stay Informed\n * Alumni\n\n * Get Career Direction\n * Help Fellow Terps\n * Parents\n\n * Get Informed\n * Support Your Student\n * Prepare for the Fair\n\n * Careers4Terps\n * Events Calendar\n * About\n * Diversity & Inclusion\n\n# Resume Samples\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Students\n 3. Launch Your Career\n 4. Resumes & Cover Letters\n 5. Resume Samples\n\nWhether you are just starting a resume or you are looking to enhance your\ncurrent draft, the following sample resumes can help. Keep in mind your resume\nshould reflect your unique experiences! Review the samples that follow and\ncheck out the Resume Tips page for tips on strengthening your resume.\n\nBeginning/Early College Resume: If you are still using a resume from high\nschool, you will likely need to make some significant edits. While high school\nresumes are usually lists of activities, college/professional resumes focus\nmore on related experience, coursework and transferable skills. If you haven’t\nyet participated in an internship or other experience related to your career\nfield of interest, consider going into greater detail about related courses,\nacademic, volunteer experiences and/or leadership opportunities. The following\nexample showcases the student’s project experience from a campus program as\nwell as on-campus leadership experience. VIEW EXAMPLE 1 / VIEW EXAMPLE 2\n\nSample Industry Resumes: It is important to research the field you hope to\nenter as some industries may have differences in terms of what is common on\nresumes and other application documents. A few examples are included below:\n\nGraphic Design/Digital Media/Advertising/Public Relations: In many of these\ncareer fields, it is becoming increasingly acceptable and even advisable to\nadd design elements to your resume. Consider adding a pop of color, logo or\nother unique components to your resume. Having such a resume can further\nshowcase your stated skills in using design software. Despite the design, the\nsame basic components of the resume are still very important: Use strong\naction verbs, quantify your results and focus on relevant experience first.\nThe following example shows how an art major has effectively shared her unique\nskillset. VIEW ART MAJOR EXAMPLE\n\nSciences/Technical/Health: When applying for science-related positions, it can\nbe important to clearly demonstrate specific technical skills in a section\ncloser to the top of your resume. Depending on your background, you may want\nto highlight specific lab skills, computer programming languages or software\nskills you possess. This resume provides an example of how to leverage these\nskills on your resume. VIEW SCIENCE EXAMPLE.\n\nFor some fields, highlighting technical/programming/computer skills will be\nimportant. If you haven't had an internship yet, you want to make sure you\nstill show your technical skills. In these cases, relevant projects can be a\nway to show that experience. VIEW TECHNICAL EXAMPLE\n\nFor health students, you will want to highlight your related experience, which\nmay include clinical experience and/or volunteer experience in the local\ncommunity. You should also connect with the Reed-Yorke Health Professions\nAdvising Office on campus to better understand the application process to\npremed and allied health graduate programs. The following example may give you\nsome ideas for how to share this experience on your resume. VIEW HEALTH\nEXAMPLE\n\nAdvanced/Later College Resume: Once you have accrued internship or other\nrelated experience, you will want to be thoughtful as to how you best fill the\nlimited space on your resume. This example effectively highlights 3\ninternships as well as leadership experience. VIEW EXAMPLE\n\nFederal Government: If applying to the Federal government, you will use a\ndifferent format. The following example demonstrates some of these important\ndifferences. In many cases, you will build your resume into the resume builder\non USAJobs.gov. VIEW FEDERAL EXAMPLE\n\nGraduate Student Resume: If you are in a graduate program, you likely have\nmore experience to share on your resume. You may have either a curriculum\nvitae (CV) or shorter resume depending on your career goals. CVs are used when\napplying for research related and faculty positions in academia while resumes\nare typically used when applying for jobs in private industry and nonprofit\norganizations.If you plan to construct a CV, you will want to reach out to\nfaculty in your program for a strong sample of a CV in your specific field.\nThe following example demonstrates how a graduate student can create a\nshorter, 2-page resume. VIEW GRAD EXAMPLE\n\nVeteran/Adult Learner Student Resume: If you are a career changer and/or have\nserved in the military, you will need to think about how to market\ntransferable skills from your previous career along with the new skills you\nare picking up through your studies at the university level. For veterans,\nit's important to avoid military acronyms and jargon as much as possible and\npull out examples of transferable skills applicable to your new career field\nof interest. Quantify your accomplishments whenever possible and consider\nlisting some related coursework from your current degree program, if\napplicable. VIEW VETERAN EXAMPLE\n\nNote: documents in Portable Document Format (PDF) require Adobe Acrobat Reader\n5.0 or higher to view, download Adobe Acrobat Reader.\n\n## Students\n\n * Choose Your Career\n * Gain Experience\n * Launch Your Career\n\n * Resumes & Cover Letters\n\n * Resume Samples\n * Resume Tips\n * Cover Letter Resources\n * Other Job Correspondence\n * Networking\n * Job Searching\n * Interviewing\n * Evaluating Offers\n * Gap Year Opportunities\n * Avoiding Job Scams\n * Careers4Terps\n * Professionalism\n * Further Your Education\n\n36%\n\nof employers surveyed automatically take an applicant out of the running if\ntheir resume is too generic and doesn't seem personalized for the position. -\nCareerBuilder\n\n3100 Hornbake Library, South Wing\n\n301.314.7225\n\n## Newsletter Signup\n\nTo add yourself to our eNewsletter and learn about our weekly event updates\nand job search tips simply enter your email address below\n\n * Request an Appointment\n * Contact Us\n * Blog\n * FAQ\n * Terp Guide\n * Explore Jobs / Internships\n * Directions & Parking\n * Web Accessibility\n\n© 2015 University Career Center & The President's Promise: Division of Student\nAffairs. All rights reserved.\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n * Frequently Asked Questions\n\n" } ]
1,659,230
How To Cook Squirrel
To fry squirrel, first put pieces of meat in a pan and cover it with water. Bring the water to a boil and then reduce the heat, simmering the meat for about 90 minutes or until it’s tender. Drain the pieces of meat and pat them dry with paper towels. Next, mix flour, garlic powder, cayenne pepper, and a pinch of salt and pepper in a bowl. Then heat oil in a frying pan over medium-high heat. Coat each piece of meat completely in the flour mixture. Finally, lay the pieces in the pan and fry them on both sides until golden brown.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20200924061551/https://www.food.com/recipe/squirrel-stew-like-grandma-made-76112", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160427122524/http://communalskillet.com/2011/10/12/fried-squirrel-with-gravy/" ]
train
1,315
[ { "original_url": "https://www.food.com/recipe/squirrel-stew-like-grandma-made-76112", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200924061551/https://www.food.com/recipe/squirrel-stew-like-grandma-made-76112", "parsed_text": { "title": "Squirrel Stew, Like Grandma Made. Recipe", "passages": [ "Add squirrel and all other ingredients, (with the exception of the tomatoes), to the boiling water, cover, and simmer for 1-1/2 to 2 hours." ] }, "parsed_md": "Squirrel Stew, Like Grandma Made. Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / Stew\n\n# Squirrel Stew, Like Grandma Made.\n\n(1)\n\nRecipe by Iowahorse\n\nIt's Country Good!\n\nMAKE IT SHINE! ADD YOUR PHOTO\n\nREADY IN: 3hrs 30mins\n\nSERVES: 2-3\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * 1\n\nsquirrel, cut up\n\n * flour\n\n * salt and pepper\n\n * 2 ^1⁄_2\n\ntablespoons butter\n\n * 7\n\ncups boiling water\n\n * 1\n\nteaspoon thyme\n\n * 1\n\ncup corn\n\n * 3\n\npotatoes, cubed\n\n * ^1⁄_4\n\nteaspoon cayenne\n\n * 3\n\nmedium onions, sliced\n\n * 2\n\ncups canned tomatoes with juice\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (1097) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 2\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 552.5\n\nCalories from Fat 146 g 27 %\n\nTotal Fat 16.3 g 25 %\n\nSaturated Fat 9.5 g 47 %\n\nCholesterol 38.2 mg 12 %\n\nSodium 521.4 mg 21 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 96.6 g 32 %\n\nDietary Fiber 14.1 g 56 %\n\nSugars 18.6 g 74 %\n\nProtein 12.9 g 25 %\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * Roll the squirrel pieces in flour, salt, and pepper.\n * Brown in butter.\n * Add squirrel and all other ingredients, (with the exception of the tomatoes), to the boiling water, cover, and simmer for 1-1/2 to 2 hours.\n * Add the tomatoes and continue to simmer another hour.\n\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\nOur 50 Most-Saved Recipes\n\n26 Oktoberfest Recipes to Celebrate...\n\nTop 100 Recipes for Kids\n\nOur 50 Top Recipes You Should Be Ma...\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * HGTV Poland\n\n© 2020 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://communalskillet.com/2011/10/12/fried-squirrel-with-gravy/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160427122524/http://communalskillet.com/2011/10/12/fried-squirrel-with-gravy/", "parsed_text": { "title": "", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "\n\n" } ]
1,491,690
How To Drill a Lock
Before you attempt to drill a lock, keep in mind that you won't be able to drill locks that have a center pin made of steel or a ball bearing in the middle pin. To get started, hammer a center punch into a point just above the keyhole and take it out. Then, using an 1/8-inch drill bit, slowly drill through the point you made with the center punch. Next, replace the drill bit with a 1/4-inch bit, and repeat the process. Finally, insert a flat-head screwdriver into the lock and turn it to unlock the door.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20200404030556/https://unitedlocksmith.net/blog/6-things-you-must-do-before-drilling-a-lock", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150906221135/http://www.fireengineering.com/articles/print/volume-157/issue-9/departments/training-notebook/drilling-lock-cylinders.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200404030723/https://homesteady.com/how-6059008-drill-open-lock.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160612190029/http://www.sopl.us:80/news-blog/to-pick-bypass-or-drill-a-lock" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://unitedlocksmith.net/blog/6-things-you-must-do-before-drilling-a-lock", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200404030556/https://unitedlocksmith.net/blog/6-things-you-must-do-before-drilling-a-lock", "parsed_text": { "title": "6 Things You Must Do Before Drilling A Lock", "passages": [ "Drilling is a method of destructive entry, so it should normally be used after other unlocking techniques have been exhausted. That means that using it on a lock, will break the mechanism and require it to be replaced. For that reason, drilling a lock is a last resort. It should only be used when there is no other method available to open the locked door. It is not something to be rushed or charged into. Before drilling a lock, there are several things that must be considered. Only when a locksmith has fulfilled all of these requirements should the lock be drilled. It is important to follow the necessary steps to avoid destructive entry whenever possible. Drilling before this process is complete cannot be justified. This article is intended as an educational tool for locksmiths and potential patrons choosing a locksmith. Being informed on how the process should be handled will give proper insight to prevent the locksmith from making a mistake, or the client from getting inferior or unnecessary service.", "Raking should be the first method attempted for a lock that does not have any security pins, or that the locksmith is uncertain about. If the lock does have security pins, then raking it will potentially give the technician a false set. That false set must be maintained, by keeping tension on the plug. It is at this point that the locksmith may rock the lock, bitch pick it or begin the attempt to single pin pick (SPP) the device. While attempting to do these things, the locksmith will adjust the tension from greater to less, troubleshooting as they go. If no method of picking can be used to open the lock, move on to other tools. If a pick gun (electric or manual) is present, then that should also be used. Make sure that the lock is being tensioned properly and that time is not being wasted. If the lock is not giving any feedback or the locksmith cannot feel what is happening inside the apparatus, then there is no need to continue. If no progress is being made with a method of picking, it should not be continued for an extended amount of time.", "Depending on the preference and skill set of the technician, as well as the type of lock, this might be the first method attempted. The bump key has been placed appropriately outside of the lock one click shallow of being fully inserted before each strike, and the bump key has been struck correctly for some time. If it has been more than a minute then this method is not going to work (other than by sheer luck). At around 30 seconds, with around 20 strikes (more or less) with a standard bump key, this is a pretty fair indication that this method will be ineffective. With a modified bump key, complete with a filed down shoulder and rubber washers, taking a full minute will have yielded hundreds, or even thousands, of tries. If a modified bump key has been used for a minute then any time spent after that will be relying on a large amount of luck. If no attempt has been made to pick the lock, now would be the time. While picking, the technician should try to feel if there is any problem with the inner workings of the lock.", "The door has indeed been found to be locked, along with the surrounding windows. On a check around the location, no door could be found to be unlocked. There was also not another door that could have been picked or bumped successfully. Under the doorway tools and the like proved to be useless. There is simply no other way of getting this person back into their house, aside from using destructive entry. The time has been taken to address the situation fully and this decision is not being made out of haste or pressure. At no point should the lock be drilled if there is a way of entry that excludes harming the property of the client. All other options have been exhausted and at this time the only remaining alternative is to have the locksmith drill the lock. When this decision has been reached the client should be informed and make the choice of proceeding or not.", "Once the customer has been informed of the situation they should not be pressured into having the lock drilled. The situation at this point is simply that there is no other way. The time expended, and the effort taken should be enough to get the truth across. When the locksmith has confirmation from the client they may proceed to drill the lock. If the customer has not been informed of this decision, then it is not acceptable to begin drilling the lock. Until consent is given to the locksmith, no further action should be taken. If the offer to drill the lock is declined, then the technician should not advance further in the process.", "Drilling the lock should not take place until a suitable replacement can be obtained and the new lock installation can run smoothly . The client should be given a selection of replacement locks to choose from. If no suitable replacement can be found, consider drilling and replacing a different lock. In the event that no other lock can be accessed, and no suitable replacement can be found, the lock should not be drilled. By drilling the lock, the security will be defeated. A locksmith should not leave the property without fixing or replacing a lock that they have broken. Drilling without replacing the hardware will result in an unacceptable gap in home security. When a replacement lock can be found, then the lock can be drilled open.", "Certain locks are not going to open as easily as others, even with drilling. There is no point in drilling a lock that has anti-drill pins. These type of pins are made out of hardened steel so that they are harder than the drill bit. Something like a euro profile cylinder must also be given special consideration. If the last pin is passed through, and the drill penetrates into the rotating cam (almost always made of plastic), then the plug turning will not unlock the door ever again. Without understanding the locking mechanism, it is counterproductive to drill the lock. Pressure from the client should not be a valid excuse for attempting destructive entry on an unknown lock. A lock that is drilled unsuccessfully is a waste of materials and time. Do not be afraid to drill a lock, but know when doing so will not be help full. A lock should be located on the perimeter of the home that can be drilled.", "If all the requirements have been met, then the client will be back in their house with safe and secure new locks. Checking off all six of these steps is also going to protect the locksmith from delivering low quality or inferior service. When everything is done right, then nothing is done wrong. Contact a locksmith that understands the severity of drilling a lock. Do not settle for substandard work as a customer or a technician. Whether it is a local locksmith or a major brand, quality is quality and they must provide you with excellent customer service. If the caliber of service dips during the drilling process then it may lead to further property damage or physical harm. These are power tools, and require the proper safety gear to be worn while in use. The customer can be present for the work, but they should have the appropriate protective gear, relative to their proximity to the lock being drilled. Remember: safety, quality, and care. With those three things in mind, everyone can be protected." ] }, "parsed_md": "6 Things You Must Do Before Drilling A Lock\n\n * Services\n\n * Auto Locksmith\n * Residential Locksmith\n * Commercial Locksmith\n * 24-Hour Locksmith\n * Safe Locksmith\n * Locations\n * About\n * Contact\n * Blog\n\n24-Hour Emergency Line\n\n866.338.9997\n\n# Lock Blog\n\nA resource for consumers, locksmiths, and security professionals.\n\n# 6 Things You Must Do Before Drilling A Lock\n\nPosted On October 22, 2015 by Ralph\n\nDrilling is a method of destructive entry, so it should normally be used after\nother unlocking techniques have been exhausted. That means that using it on a\nlock, will break the mechanism and require it to be replaced. For that reason,\ndrilling a lock is a last resort. It should only be used when there is no\nother method available to open the locked door. It is not something to be\nrushed or charged into. Before drilling a lock, there are several things that\nmust be considered. Only when a locksmith has fulfilled all of these\nrequirements should the lock be drilled. It is important to follow the\nnecessary steps to avoid destructive entry whenever possible. Drilling before\nthis process is complete cannot be justified. This article is intended as an\neducational tool for locksmiths and potential patrons choosing a locksmith.\nBeing informed on how the process should be handled will give proper insight\nto prevent the locksmith from making a mistake, or the client from getting\ninferior or unnecessary service.\n\n## 1\\. First, pick the lock.\n\nRaking should be the first method attempted for a lock that does not have any\nsecurity pins, or that the locksmith is uncertain about. If the lock does have\nsecurity pins, then raking it will potentially give the technician a false\nset. That false set must be maintained, by keeping tension on the plug. It is\nat this point that the locksmith may rock the lock, bitch pick it or begin the\nattempt to single pin pick (SPP) the device. While attempting to do these\nthings, the locksmith will adjust the tension from greater to less,\ntroubleshooting as they go. If no method of picking can be used to open the\nlock, move on to other tools. If a pick gun (electric or manual) is present,\nthen that should also be used. Make sure that the lock is being tensioned\nproperly and that time is not being wasted. If the lock is not giving any\nfeedback or the locksmith cannot feel what is happening inside the apparatus,\nthen there is no need to continue. If no progress is being made with a method\nof picking, it should not be continued for an extended amount of time.\n\n## 2\\. Bump the lock.\n\nDepending on the preference and skill set of the technician, as well as the\ntype of lock, this might be the first method attempted. The bump key has been\nplaced appropriately outside of the lock one click shallow of being fully\ninserted before each strike, and the bump key has been struck correctly for\nsome time. If it has been more than a minute then this method is not going to\nwork (other than by sheer luck). At around 30 seconds, with around 20 strikes\n(more or less) with a standard bump key, this is a pretty fair indication that\nthis method will be ineffective. With a modified bump key, complete with a\nfiled down shoulder and rubber washers, taking a full minute will have yielded\nhundreds, or even thousands, of tries. If a modified bump key has been used\nfor a minute then any time spent after that will be relying on a large amount\nof luck. If no attempt has been made to pick the lock, now would be the time.\nWhile picking, the technician should try to feel if there is any problem with\nthe inner workings of the lock.\n\n## 3\\. Find any other way into the house.\n\nThe door has indeed been found to be locked, along with the surrounding\nwindows. On a check around the location, no door could be found to be\nunlocked. There was also not another door that could have been picked or\nbumped successfully. Under the doorway tools and the like proved to be\nuseless. There is simply no other way of getting this person back into their\nhouse, aside from using destructive entry. The time has been taken to address\nthe situation fully and this decision is not being made out of haste or\npressure. At no point should the lock be drilled if there is a way of entry\nthat excludes harming the property of the client. All other options have been\nexhausted and at this time the only remaining alternative is to have the\nlocksmith drill the lock. When this decision has been reached the client\nshould be informed and make the choice of proceeding or not.\n\n## 4\\. The customer must agree to having the lock drilled.\n\nOnce the customer has been informed of the situation they should not be\npressured into having the lock drilled. The situation at this point is simply\nthat there is no other way. The time expended, and the effort taken should be\nenough to get the truth across. When the locksmith has confirmation from the\nclient they may proceed to drill the lock. If the customer has not been\ninformed of this decision, then it is not acceptable to begin drilling the\nlock. Until consent is given to the locksmith, no further action should be\ntaken. If the offer to drill the lock is declined, then the technician should\nnot advance further in the process.\n\n## 5\\. Have a replacement lock ready to be installed.\n\nDrilling the lock should not take place until a suitable replacement can be\nobtained and the new lock installation can run smoothly . The client should be\ngiven a selection of replacement locks to choose from. If no suitable\nreplacement can be found, consider drilling and replacing a different lock. In\nthe event that no other lock can be accessed, and no suitable replacement can\nbe found, the lock should not be drilled. By drilling the lock, the security\nwill be defeated. A locksmith should not leave the property without fixing or\nreplacing a lock that they have broken. Drilling without replacing the\nhardware will result in an unacceptable gap in home security. When a\nreplacement lock can be found, then the lock can be drilled open.\n\n## 6\\. Understand the lock well enough to drill it properly.\n\n###### Picture Source\n\nCertain locks are not going to open as easily as others, even with drilling.\nThere is no point in drilling a lock that has anti-drill pins. These type of\npins are made out of hardened steel so that they are harder than the drill\nbit. Something like a euro profile cylinder must also be given special\nconsideration. If the last pin is passed through, and the drill penetrates\ninto the rotating cam (almost always made of plastic), then the plug turning\nwill not unlock the door ever again. Without understanding the locking\nmechanism, it is counterproductive to drill the lock. Pressure from the client\nshould not be a valid excuse for attempting destructive entry on an unknown\nlock. A lock that is drilled unsuccessfully is a waste of materials and time.\nDo not be afraid to drill a lock, but know when doing so will not be help\nfull. A lock should be located on the perimeter of the home that can be\ndrilled.\n\n### Conclusion\n\nIf all the requirements have been met, then the client will be back in their\nhouse with safe and secure new locks. Checking off all six of these steps is\nalso going to protect the locksmith from delivering low quality or inferior\nservice. When everything is done right, then nothing is done wrong. Contact a\nlocksmith that understands the severity of drilling a lock. Do not settle for\nsubstandard work as a customer or a technician. Whether it is a local\nlocksmith or a major brand, quality is quality and they must provide you with\nexcellent customer service. If the caliber of service dips during the drilling\nprocess then it may lead to further property damage or physical harm. These\nare power tools, and require the proper safety gear to be worn while in use.\nThe customer can be present for the work, but they should have the appropriate\nprotective gear, relative to their proximity to the lock being drilled.\nRemember: safety, quality, and care. With those three things in mind, everyone\ncan be protected.\n\nCategory: Commercial, Residential, Tools of the Trade\n\nGet free useful tips and resources delivered directly to your inbox.\n\nNo charge. 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Schedule an appointment today. 866.338.9997\n\n### Company\n\n * Home\n * Locations\n * About Us\n * Contact\n * Blog\n\n### Services\n\n * Automotive\n * Residential\n * Commerical\n * Emergency\n * Safes\n\n### Connect\n\nCopyright © 2020 United Locksmith. All Rights Reserved.\n\ninfo@unitedlocksmith.net\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.fireengineering.com/articles/print/volume-157/issue-9/departments/training-notebook/drilling-lock-cylinders.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150906221135/http://www.fireengineering.com/articles/print/volume-157/issue-9/departments/training-notebook/drilling-lock-cylinders.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fire Engineering", "passages": [ "BY MITCH BROOKSDrilling lock cylinders is nothing new to the fire service; however, it does seem to be a forgotten art. This method of through-the-lock forcible entry can be of value when faced with commercial structures such as office buildings, stores, and other structures that have a lock that can be readily drilled.Drilling cylinders is an effective and efficient way to gain entry into a structure without destroying a door, breaking glass, or losing the integrity of a door. This method of through-the-lock entry is ideal when facing a single lock on a commercial door with a fire alarm ringing and no smoke showing. It takes a little time, but not so much that it should be ruled out as a..." ] }, "parsed_md": "Login - Fire Engineering\n\nFE NETWORK: FireEMS Blogs Firefighter Nation Fire Apparatus Magazine\n\nAbout UslAdvertisinglMagazinelNewsletterlContact Usl\n\nHello, Logout\n\nLogin or Register using\n\n * ## Home\n\n * Topic Index\n * FDIC\n * FE University\n * Photo Gallery\n * Courage & Valor\n * Advertise\n * Fire CareerCenter\n * Submit an Article\n * Submit a Photo\n * Digital Magazine\n * Books\n * ## Resources\n\n * Buyer's Guide\n * Product Videos\n * Fire CareerCenter\n * Features\n * #FEtalk\n * Humpday Hangout\n * Webcasts\n * Newsletters\n * Magazine Info\n * Digital Magazine\n * Major Incident Response Supplement\n * Training Guides\n * Turnout Gear Training Videos\n * ## Training\n\n * Drills\n * Simulations\n * Instructor Development\n * Live Burns\n * Props\n * SOGS/SOPS\n * Books and Video\n * Fire Career Center\n * Training Minutes\n * FDIC Special Coverage\n * ISFSI\n * Firefighters Support Foundation\n * Training Guides\n * ## Zones\n\n * Fire Dynamics\n * Survival Zone\n * Extrication Zone\n * Tech Zone\n * ## EMS\n\n * ## Firefighting\n\n * Truck Company\n * Engine Company\n * Hazmat\n * Industrial\n * RIT\n * Structural\n * Wildland\n * Photo Gallery\n * ## Apparatus\n\n * Deliveries\n * Tools & Technology\n * Product Center\n * The Rig\n * ## Health/Safety\n\n * Safety\n * LODDS\n * ## Leadership\n\n * Legal\n * Grants\n * Fireground Management\n * Officer Development\n * Volunteer Issues\n * ## Prevention\n\n * Building Construction\n * Codes & Standards\n * Public Education\n * Systems\n * ## Rescue\n\n * Extrication\n * High Angle & Confined Spaces\n * Water & Ice Rescue\n * USAR\n * HAZMAT\n * Terrorism\n * ## Community\n\n * FE Digital Magazine\n * FDIC\n * Fire Apparatus Magazine\n * Fire Life\n * Urban Firefighter\n * Fire CareerCenter\n * Pennwell Fire Group\n * Mobile\n * ## Subscribe\n\n * Home\n\n * Topic Index\n * FDIC\n * FE University\n * Photo Gallery\n * Courage & Valor\n * Advertise\n * Fire CareerCenter\n * Submit an Article\n * Submit a Photo\n * Digital Magazine\n * Books\n * Resources\n\n * Buyer's Guide\n * Product Videos\n * Fire CareerCenter\n * Features\n * #FEtalk\n * Humpday Hangout\n * Webcasts\n * Newsletters\n * Magazine Info\n * Digital Magazine\n * Major Incident Response Supplement\n * Training Guides\n * Turnout Gear Training Videos\n * Training\n\n * Drills\n * Simulations\n * Instructor Development\n * Live Burns\n * Props\n * SOGS/SOPS\n * Books and Video\n * Fire Career Center\n * Training Minutes\n * FDIC Special Coverage\n * ISFSI\n * Firefighters Support Foundation\n * Training Guides\n * Zones\n\n * Fire Dynamics\n * Survival Zone\n * Extrication Zone\n * Tech Zone\n * EMS\n * Firefighting\n\n * Truck Company\n * Engine Company\n * Hazmat\n * Industrial\n * RIT\n * Structural\n * Wildland\n * Photo Gallery\n * Apparatus\n\n * Deliveries\n * Tools & Technology\n * Product Center\n * The Rig\n * Health/Safety\n\n * Safety\n * LODDS\n * Leadership\n\n * Legal\n * Grants\n * Fireground Management\n * Officer Development\n * Volunteer Issues\n * Prevention\n\n * Building Construction\n * Codes & Standards\n * Public Education\n * Systems\n * Rescue\n\n * Extrication\n * High Angle & Confined Spaces\n * Water & Ice Rescue\n * USAR\n * HAZMAT\n * Terrorism\n * Community\n\n * FE Digital Magazine\n * FDIC\n * Fire Apparatus Magazine\n * Fire Life\n * Urban Firefighter\n * Fire CareerCenter\n * Pennwell Fire Group\n * Mobile\n * Subscribe\n\n * ### Home\n\n * >\n * ## Login\n\n# DRILLING LOCK CYLINDERS\n\n09/01/2004\n\nBY MITCH BROOKSDrilling lock cylinders is nothing new to the fire service;\nhowever, it does seem to be a forgotten art. This method of through-the-lock\nforcible entry can be of value when faced with commercial structures such as\noffice buildings, stores, and other structures that have a lock that can be\nreadily drilled.Drilling cylinders is an effective and efficient way to gain\nentry into a structure without destroying a door, breaking glass, or losing\nthe integrity of a door. This method of through-the-lock entry is ideal when\nfacing a single lock on a commercial door with a fire alarm ringing and no\nsmoke showing. It takes a little time, but not so much that it should be ruled\nout as a...\n\n# Already a member of the Fire Engineering Training Network? 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Register now\n\nLogin with your social account:\n\nor\n\nOr, login with your PennWell account:\n\nRegister Already have an account? Login\n\nJoin using your social account:\n\nor\n\nOr, register with us using the form below:\n\nForgot your password?\n\nEnter your email address below and click Submit to receive password reset\ninstructions via email.\n\nEmail Sent\n\nAn email has been sent to .\n\nPlease follow the instructions in the email to change your password.\n\nWelcome to PennWell\n\nYour account has been created and you are now logged in.\n\nYou already have an account\n\nIt looks like you've already registered with . Please login below to link your\naccounts.\n\nPlease Verify Your Account\n\nThank you for registering. An email has been sent to with instructions on how\nto verify your account.\n\nPlease Verify Your Account\n\nThe specified email address, , needs to be verified in order to login.\n\nAn email has been sent to with instructions on how to verify your account.\n\n/content/fe/en/login.resendverification.html\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://homesteady.com/how-6059008-drill-open-lock.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200404030723/https://homesteady.com/how-6059008-drill-open-lock.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Drill Open a Lock", "passages": [ "If you lose the key to your pin-tumbler cylinder lock and cannot afford a locksmith, your last resort for opening the lock (without damaging the door) is to destroy the pins by drilling through the cylinder. With the pins destroyed, the lock can be opened by inserting a flathead screwdriver into the key hole and rotating it. However, the drilling process will render the lock useless, requiring you to purchase and install an entirely new cylinder lock.", "Drill a 1-inch-deep hole between the top of the key hole and the edge of the cylinder. Be sure to make this hole (known as a \"pilot hole\") perpendicular to the surface of the lock.", "Place the tip of the 1/4-inch bit over the opening of the pilot hole you drilled in Step 3. Drill a 2-inch-deep hole, using the pilot hole as a guide. Again, make sure that the hole is as close to perpendicular to the lock's surface as possible.", "To open the lock, remove the drill and insert the tip of a flat head screwdriver into the lock's key hole. Turn the screwdriver to rotate the main cylinder, opening the lock.", "Drilling locks creates tiny, almost-invisible metal shavings that can cause serious injury if inhaled or accidentally put in the eye. Wear safety goggles, a dust mask and disposable gloves for the entire process. The gloves are especially important, as unseen shavings can hide on your fingers for hours. If you rub your eyes, these shavings can get inside.", "A Chicago-based copywriter, Andy Pasquesi has extensive experience writing for automotive (BMW, MINI Cooper, Harley-Davidson), financial services (Ivy Funds, William Blair, T. Rowe Price, CME Group), healthcare (Abbott) and consumer goods (Sony, Motorola, Knoll) clients. He holds a Bachelor of Arts in English from Harvard University but does not care for the Oxford comma." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Drill Open a Lock | HomeSteady\n\n×\n\n☰\n\n# How to Drill Open a Lock\n\nBy Andy Pasquesi Updated September 26, 2017\n\nIf you lose the key to your pin-tumbler cylinder lock and cannot afford a\nlocksmith, your last resort for opening the lock (without damaging the door)\nis to destroy the pins by drilling through the cylinder. With the pins\ndestroyed, the lock can be opened by inserting a flathead screwdriver into the\nkey hole and rotating it. However, the drilling process will render the lock\nuseless, requiring you to purchase and install an entirely new cylinder lock.\n\nA gate with a pin tumbler cylinder lock\n\n 1. Load the 1/8-inch drill bit into the electric drill's chuck and tighten it into place.\n\n 2. Line up the tip of the drill bit with the lock's key hole.\n\n 3. Drill a 1-inch-deep hole between the top of the key hole and the edge of the cylinder. Be sure to make this hole (known as a \"pilot hole\") perpendicular to the surface of the lock.\n\n 4. Remove the 1/8-inch bit and replace it with the 1/4-inch HSS bit.\n\n 5. Place the tip of the 1/4-inch bit over the opening of the pilot hole you drilled in Step 3. Drill a 2-inch-deep hole, using the pilot hole as a guide. Again, make sure that the hole is as close to perpendicular to the lock's surface as possible.\n\n## Things You Will Need\n\n+\n\n * Electric drill\n * 1/8-inch high-speed-steel (HSS) drill bit with titanium nitride (TiN) coating\n * 1/4-inch HSS drill bit with TiN coating\n * Flathead screwdriver\n\n## Tip\n\n+\n\n * To open the lock, remove the drill and insert the tip of a flat head screwdriver into the lock's key hole. Turn the screwdriver to rotate the main cylinder, opening the lock.\n\n## Warning\n\n * Drilling locks creates tiny, almost-invisible metal shavings that can cause serious injury if inhaled or accidentally put in the eye. Wear safety goggles, a dust mask and disposable gloves for the entire process. The gloves are especially important, as unseen shavings can hide on your fingers for hours. If you rub your eyes, these shavings can get inside.\n\n## References\n\n+\n\n * DIYData: Choosing The Right Drill Bit\n * Crypto: Notes On Picking Pin Tumbler Locks\n * YouTube: How To Drill A Lock\n\n## About the Author\n\n+\n\n * A Chicago-based copywriter, Andy Pasquesi has extensive experience writing for automotive (BMW, MINI Cooper, Harley-Davidson), financial services (Ivy Funds, William Blair, T. Rowe Price, CME Group), healthcare (Abbott) and consumer goods (Sony, Motorola, Knoll) clients. He holds a Bachelor of Arts in English from Harvard University but does not care for the Oxford comma.\n\n## Photo Credits\n\n+\n\n * lock the gate image by jbattx from Fotolia.com\n\n## More Articles\n\n+\n\n * How to Remove a Padlock\n * How to Open a Sentry V120 Lock\n * What Sizes do Hole Saws Come In?\n * How to Install the Bottom Plate on a Frigidaire Dishwasher\n * How to Install the Kick Plate on a Frigidaire Dishwasher\n * How to Undo a Zip Tie\n\nCopyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Lifestyle, All Rights Reserved. //\nLeaf Group\n\n * About Us\n * Accessibility\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Copyright Policy\n * CA Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.sopl.us:80/news-blog/to-pick-bypass-or-drill-a-lock", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160612190029/http://www.sopl.us:80/news-blog/to-pick-bypass-or-drill-a-lock", "parsed_text": { "title": "Society of Professional Locksmiths", "passages": [ "Picking a lock is not as simple as many may think. It is not Hollywood where something is simply inserted into a lock and it magically opens. Picking is an acquired skill set that takes much practice and very often can still be unsuccessful for a variety of reasons. It is one of many options when faced with a \"lockout\" situation. The addition of specialized \"top pins\" can make a low cost residential lock very difficult to pick. Certain locks require specialty picks or other associated devices that are prohibitive in cost for many local locksmiths. Most locksmiths will cease picking attempts beyond 5-15 minutes and resort to alternative methods.", "Skills in \"bypassing\" a lock vary and very often one locksmith may possess a technique others do not. Such knowledge is simply discovered through time, experience or networking within their peer group. Bypassing a lockset in some cases is faster then picking or drilling. The choice to drill a lock open is an accepted trade practice and one that is taught in the industry. Drilling a lock open requires \"strategic\" drill points which are designed to prevent the least amount of damage possible to the lockset and mostly focuses on the cylinder alone.", "In many cases this method can result in a low cost corrective repair, in some cases replacement of the hardware is required. Those who resort to drilling without troubleshooting or applying alternative options such as bypassing or picking first may lack access to the proper tools through supply distribution and may not even be practicing locksmiths although they are attempting to be.", "Suppliers or Distributors require certain information and references from locksmiths who require such tools or training and many of the staff within the distribution channels were active locksmiths involved in their local network and know who is credible and competent. They will block access to possession of lock or bypass tools at their discretion.", "As a consumer, should your locksmith recommend drilling your lockset to gain entry if you are locked out of your home or business, make sure you ask the following questions -", "Is there an alternative bypass method? Can you check other points of entry first? Will it damage the lockset or lock body? Is it repairable? What is the cost of replacement?", "This sounds like an odd question when we speak of drilling something, but the question is something every professional locksmith understands. Strategic drilling, reduces or eliminates damage to the locket to such a degree that it can be consider non-destructive and which is either repairable or allows for parts replacement at a controlled cost, which the consumer is informed of prior to any drilling.", "Professional locksmiths who understand consumer protection, customer care and door hardware will explain to the consumers all options and costs prior to any drilling. Members of he Society of Professional Locksmiths participate in continuing education and professional development programs to provide the consumer the best possible service." ] }, "parsed_md": "To Pick, Bypass or Drill a Lock? - Society of Professional Locksmiths\n\nSociety of Professional Locksmiths\n\n * Home Page\n * Membership\n\n * Benefits\n * Join Here\n * Member's Area\n\n * Training\n\n * Training Program - LTP\n * Automotive\n * CCTV\n * Electronics\n * Fire & Life Safety Codes\n * First Aid\n * Key Cutting & Machines\n * Safe & Vault\n * Steel Doors\n * Locksmith Dictionary\n * Video Tutorials\n * Security Technical Institute\n\n * News\n\n * News Media Resource\n * Locksmith Scam Alert\n * Press Releases\n * Security News Magazine\n * News Blog\n * Public Service Announcements\n * Lock Radio Interviews\n * Lock Radio Jingles\n\n * Locksmith Locator\n\n## To Pick, Bypass or Drill a Lock?\n\n10/22/2013\n\n1 Comment\n\nPicking a lock is not as simple as many may think. It is not Hollywood where\nsomething is simply inserted into a lock and it magically opens. Picking is an\nacquired skill set that takes much practice and very often can still be\nunsuccessful for a variety of reasons. It is one of many options when faced\nwith a \"lockout\" situation. The addition of specialized \"top pins\" can make a\nlow cost residential lock very difficult to pick. Certain locks require\nspecialty picks or other associated devices that are prohibitive in cost for\nmany local locksmiths. Most locksmiths will cease picking attempts beyond 5-15\nminutes and resort to alternative methods.\n\nSkills in \"bypassing\" a lock vary and very often one locksmith may possess a\ntechnique others do not. Such knowledge is simply discovered through time,\nexperience or networking within their peer group. Bypassing a lockset in some\ncases is faster then picking or drilling. The choice to drill a lock open is\nan accepted trade practice and one that is taught in the industry. Drilling a\nlock open requires \"strategic\" drill points which are designed to prevent the\nleast amount of damage possible to the lockset and mostly focuses on the\ncylinder alone.\n\nIn many cases this method can result in a low cost corrective repair, in some\ncases replacement of the hardware is required. Those who resort to drilling\nwithout troubleshooting or applying alternative options such as bypassing or\npicking first may lack access to the proper tools through supply distribution\nand may not even be practicing locksmiths although they are attempting to be.\n\nSuppliers or Distributors require certain information and references from\nlocksmiths who require such tools or training and many of the staff within the\ndistribution channels were active locksmiths involved in their local network\nand know who is credible and competent. They will block access to possession\nof lock or bypass tools at their discretion.\n\nAs a consumer, should your locksmith recommend drilling your lockset to gain\nentry if you are locked out of your home or business, make sure you ask the\nfollowing questions -\n\nIs there an alternative bypass method? Can you check other points of entry\nfirst? Will it damage the lockset or lock body? Is it repairable? What is the\ncost of replacement?\n\nAnother question a consumer can ask is -\n\nWill you use non-destructive methods of entry?\n\nThis sounds like an odd question when we speak of drilling something, but the\nquestion is something every professional locksmith understands. Strategic\ndrilling, reduces or eliminates damage to the locket to such a degree that it\ncan be consider non-destructive and which is either repairable or allows for\nparts replacement at a controlled cost, which the consumer is informed of\nprior to any drilling.\n\nProfessional locksmiths who understand consumer protection, customer care and\ndoor hardware will explain to the consumers all options and costs prior to any\ndrilling. Members of he Society of Professional Locksmiths participate in\ncontinuing education and professional development programs to provide the\nconsumer the best possible service.\n\nCall your local SOPL Locksmith to receive professional advice and service.\n\nWhat questions do think should be asked?\n\n1 Comment\n\nPeter Carey link\n\n10/22/2013 03:11:21\n\nGreat article, thanks for posting.\n\nReply\n\nYour comment will be posted after it is approved.\n\n## Leave a Reply.\n\n|\n\n## Author\n\nTom Lynch, CRL Founder of the Society of Professional Locksmith\n\n## Archives\n\nApril 2016 March 2016 February 2016 December 2015 August 2015 May 2015 March\n2015 January 2015 December 2014 September 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014\nApril 2014 February 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September\n2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January\n2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July\n2012 February 2012 December 2011 July 2011 June 2011 May 2011 April 2011 March\n2011 February 2011 January 2011 December 2010\n\nRSS Feed\n\n \n \n---|--- \n \n## Services\n\nMembership Training News\n\n|\n\n## Company\n\nAbout Site Map Directory\n\n|\n\n|\n\n## Support\n\nContact FAQ Terms of Use\n\n|\n\n.\n\n© COPYRIGHT 2015. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. \n \n---|--- \n \nPhoto used under Creative Commons from derekGavey\n\n * Home Page\n * Membership\n\n * Benefits\n * Join Here\n * Member's Area\n\n * Training\n\n * Training Program - LTP\n * Automotive\n * CCTV\n * Electronics\n * Fire & Life Safety Codes\n * First Aid\n * Key Cutting & Machines\n * Safe & Vault\n * Steel Doors\n * Locksmith Dictionary\n * Video Tutorials\n * Security Technical Institute\n\n * News\n\n * News Media Resource\n * Locksmith Scam Alert\n * Press Releases\n * Security News Magazine\n * News Blog\n * Public Service Announcements\n * Lock Radio Interviews\n * Lock Radio Jingles\n\n * Locksmith Locator\n\n✕\n\n" } ]
1,624,325
How To Set up a Fishing Pole for Bass Fishing
To set up a fishing pole for bass fishing, you’ll want to pick the right rod, reel, and line combo. If you’re new to bass fishing, choose a spinning reel and rod, which are the easiest to set up. Pair it with a nylon monofilament line for an affordable and easy combination. For those with more experience, pick a baitcasting rod and reel, which will allow you to use heavier lures and lines for bigger bass. You can pair this with a fluorocarbon or braided line, which are harder to cast but are stronger than monofilament lines. For the most common and popular lure, set up a Texas rig and put a live worm at the end.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210115002224/https://www.wideopenspaces.com/5-bass-fishing-rigs-will-guarantee-catch/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415145820/https://www.tacklescout.com/bass-fishing-for-beginners/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512061708/https://www.bassmaster.com/jordan-lee/spool-your-reels-correctly", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512182823/https://www.takemefishing.org/how-to-fish/fishing-knots-and-rigs/types-of-bass-fishing-rigs/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211016023753/https://myodfw.com/articles/how-fish-bass" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.wideopenspaces.com/5-bass-fishing-rigs-will-guarantee-catch/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210115002224/https://www.wideopenspaces.com/5-bass-fishing-rigs-will-guarantee-catch/", "parsed_text": { "title": "5 Bass Fishing Rigs You Can Always Count On", "passages": [ "Before a tournament or a bass fishing trip, I'll spend countless hours the night before making predictions as to what soft plastics I should throw. Then, I'll load my tackle bag up with what I think are going to be my best bets. I've come to find that I keep coming back to several fishing rigs I can fish in a variety of conditions and seasons. These five bass rigs are versatile and will keep the fish interested.", "Created by Ned Kehde, this midwestern finesse tactic is starting to fill a lot of live wells and boat ramp conversations. The beauty of this rig is its simplicity.", "Another great aspect of the Ned Rig is the ability to fish it several different ways. Generally speaking, you will want to use a 1/16-ounce jig head. Depending on the desired depth or situation, you can go up to 1/8 or down to 1/32. Once you have decided on the weight of the jig head, you will want to dress it with a plastic worm. This is where anglers can use their imagination, but will want to keep the lure within the three-inch range.", "Some anglers will bite a senko in half and use it, or do the same with a lizard or a finesse worm. A medium spinning rod will do the trick. For the line used, you don't want to go over 10-pound test when using this one. Keep it light and simple. After the Ned Rig is in the water, drag it, bounce it, let it sit before your hook set...it can fish itself.", "My personal favorites for this technique are Z Man Shroomz jig head at 1/16-ounce and a Z Man Finesse T. R. D. in green pumpkin.", "When the bite gets tough, this is a go-to rig. However, don't overlook it to catch solid fish during many seasons. One great quality about this rig is the consistency that it offers. Sometimes, I wonder why I don't fish it more often, because it can be so productive. An 1/8-ounce jig head seems to be the go-to weight for a variety of situations. But, this is where things get fun.", "Because of the innovations in the tackle industry, you can really customize what you want your presentation to be. Some companies offer a ball head, some offer a stand-up option. Then, you'll want to consider your plastic. Finesse worms seem to be a solid choice for this rig, but don't be afraid to get creative. Ribbon tails, senkos, straight tails and other options have proven themselves to work. It all resides in the confidence of the angler. For a rod, a 7-foot medium or medium light action will do the trick.", "Find the cover, find the fish. Whether the bass are relating to wood or rock, there is a version of a jig and pig rig that will help you to get that fish's attention. Depending on weight, color selection and trailer, this rig can be fished year round productively. Plus, this combo can be flipped, pitched and cast.", "If you are new to the rig, I would select the following three colors in a 3/8 version: black/blue, green pumpkin and some variation of green and orange like a peanut butter and jelly color. Then for a trailer, it's hard to beat any of the chunks available.", "What you are trying to imitate is one of the best bass treats: crawfish. From there, depending on depth, clarity and temperature, you will want to diversify the weights, colors and types of trailers that you intend to use. Generally when the water is cold, fish it slow and not a lot of flash or movement in the trailer. As the water warms, so should the color and action of the trailer.", "This is my favorite of all of these rigs to fish. It has been my most productive way to catch fish. Partially, because there are a ton of options that this rig offers the angler. Weight, hook, lure and presentation are all fluid when it comes to the Texas Rig.", "Traditionally, there is a bullet weight (tungsten or lead) thread onto the line, without a peg, but it can also be fished weightless. Then, an EWG hook is tied on to the line. Finally, the plastic lure of choice is attached.", "Now, this is where the debate starts. Some guys swear by pegging the weight, others are the opposite. For my taste, I've had better luck not pegging the weight. I tend to drag or pop the Texas Rig when fishing it and by not pegging the weight, I'm giving the lure an opportunity to do its own work on the fall. I will peg, however, if the cover is super tight and thick.", "What makes this rig so versatile are the different plastics that can be fished: senkos, flukes, beavers, worms, lizards, tubes.", "Kind of like the shaky head, this is a great rig to use when fish are timid. However, there's no reason to put it down if the fish are hammering it. The Carolina Rig offers a unique presentation to fish that are holding deep or that are spooked by fishing pressure. A good rule of thumb is to start with a 3/4-ounce weight and a EWG 4/0 hook. From there, the options open up as you decide what plastic to use. Lizards, worms, flukes and a variety of other plastics all produce.", "What are you waiting for? Set up these rigs and get out on the water. The fish are sure to thank you." ] }, "parsed_md": "5 Bass Fishing Rigs You Can Always Count On\n\nSkip to main content\n\nToggle navigation\n\nOpen Search form\n\n# 5 Bass Fishing Rigs You Can Always Count On\n\nYouTube\n\nPosted by Scott Vensel\n\nApril 26, 2018\n\n## If you are looking to improve the chances of landing fish, then you have\ncome to the right place.\n\nBefore a tournament or a bass fishing trip, I'll spend countless hours the\nnight before making predictions as to what soft plastics I should throw. Then,\nI'll load my tackle bag up with what I think are going to be my best bets.\nI've come to find that I keep coming back to several fishing rigs I can fish\nin a variety of conditions and seasons. These five bass rigs are versatile and\nwill keep the fish interested.\n\n## 1\\. Ned Rig\n\nCreated by Ned Kehde, this midwestern finesse tactic is starting to fill a lot\nof live wells and boat ramp conversations. The beauty of this rig is its\nsimplicity.\n\nAnother great aspect of the Ned Rig is the ability to fish it several\ndifferent ways. Generally speaking, you will want to use a 1/16-ounce jig\nhead. Depending on the desired depth or situation, you can go up to 1/8 or\ndown to 1/32. Once you have decided on the weight of the jig head, you will\nwant to dress it with a plastic worm. This is where anglers can use their\nimagination, but will want to keep the lure within the three-inch range.\n\nSome anglers will bite a senko in half and use it, or do the same with a\nlizard or a finesse worm. A medium spinning rod will do the trick. For the\nline used, you don't want to go over 10-pound test when using this one. Keep\nit light and simple. After the Ned Rig is in the water, drag it, bounce it,\nlet it sit before your hook set...it can fish itself.\n\nMy personal favorites for this technique are Z Man Shroomz jig head at\n1/16-ounce and a Z Man Finesse T. R. D. in green pumpkin.\n\nWired 2 Fish\n\n## 2\\. Shakey Head\n\nWhen the bite gets tough, this is a go-to rig. However, don't overlook it to\ncatch solid fish during many seasons. One great quality about this rig is the\nconsistency that it offers. Sometimes, I wonder why I don't fish it more\noften, because it can be so productive. An 1/8-ounce jig head seems to be the\ngo-to weight for a variety of situations. But, this is where things get fun.\n\nBecause of the innovations in the tackle industry, you can really customize\nwhat you want your presentation to be. Some companies offer a ball head, some\noffer a stand-up option. Then, you'll want to consider your plastic. Finesse\nworms seem to be a solid choice for this rig, but don't be afraid to get\ncreative. Ribbon tails, senkos, straight tails and other options have proven\nthemselves to work. It all resides in the confidence of the angler. For a rod,\na 7-foot medium or medium light action will do the trick.\n\nHavalon\n\n## 3\\. Jig and Pig\n\nFind the cover, find the fish. Whether the bass are relating to wood or rock,\nthere is a version of a jig and pig rig that will help you to get that fish's\nattention. Depending on weight, color selection and trailer, this rig can be\nfished year round productively. Plus, this combo can be flipped, pitched and\ncast.\n\nIf you are new to the rig, I would select the following three colors in a 3/8\nversion: black/blue, green pumpkin and some variation of green and orange like\na peanut butter and jelly color. Then for a trailer, it's hard to beat any of\nthe chunks available.\n\nWhat you are trying to imitate is one of the best bass treats: crawfish. From\nthere, depending on depth, clarity and temperature, you will want to diversify\nthe weights, colors and types of trailers that you intend to use. Generally\nwhen the water is cold, fish it slow and not a lot of flash or movement in the\ntrailer. As the water warms, so should the color and action of the trailer.\n\nWorld Fishing Network\n\n## 4\\. Texas Rig\n\nThis is my favorite of all of these rigs to fish. It has been my most\nproductive way to catch fish. Partially, because there are a ton of options\nthat this rig offers the angler. Weight, hook, lure and presentation are all\nfluid when it comes to the Texas Rig.\n\nTraditionally, there is a bullet weight (tungsten or lead) thread onto the\nline, without a peg, but it can also be fished weightless. Then, an EWG hook\nis tied on to the line. Finally, the plastic lure of choice is attached.\n\nNow, this is where the debate starts. Some guys swear by pegging the weight,\nothers are the opposite. For my taste, I've had better luck not pegging the\nweight. I tend to drag or pop the Texas Rig when fishing it and by not pegging\nthe weight, I'm giving the lure an opportunity to do its own work on the fall.\nI will peg, however, if the cover is super tight and thick.\n\nWhat makes this rig so versatile are the different plastics that can be\nfished: senkos, flukes, beavers, worms, lizards, tubes.\n\nWired 2 Fish\n\n## 5\\. Carolina Rig\n\nKind of like the shaky head, this is a great rig to use when fish are timid.\nHowever, there's no reason to put it down if the fish are hammering it. The\nCarolina Rig offers a unique presentation to fish that are holding deep or\nthat are spooked by fishing pressure. A good rule of thumb is to start with a\n3/4-ounce weight and a EWG 4/0 hook. From there, the options open up as you\ndecide what plastic to use. Lizards, worms, flukes and a variety of other\nplastics all produce.\n\nKruger Farms\n\nWhat are you waiting for? Set up these rigs and get out on the water. The fish\nare sure to thank you.\n\nNEXT: 5 RODS THAT WILL ACTUALLY IMPROVE YOUR FISHING GAME\n\noembed rumble video here\n\n## you might also like\n\n### 5 Bass Fishing Rigs You Can Always Count On\n\nWide Open Spaces\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Corrections Policy\n * Advertise\n * Contributor Program\n * Writers\n * Wide Open Media Group\n * Wide Open Country\n * Wide Open Eats\n * Wide Open Pets\n * Rare\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n\nFOLLOW\n\n© Copyright 2021, WOS, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Ad Preferences\n\n * Home\n * Hunting\n\n * Deer\n * Bowhunting\n * Big Game\n * Bird and Small Game\n * Wild Game Recipes\n * News And Resources\n * Fishing\n\n * Freshwater\n * Saltwater\n * Baits, Lures & Flies\n * Wild Caught Recipes\n * News and Resources\n * Wilderness\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.tacklescout.com/bass-fishing-for-beginners/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415145820/https://www.tacklescout.com/bass-fishing-for-beginners/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Bass Fishing for Beginners [How to Bass Fish] ⋆ Tackle Scout", "passages": [ "This page may contain affiliate links. As a Cabela's affiliate and Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases, at no additional cost to you.", "Bass fishing is one of those sports that might seem intimidating to beginners if all you have seen is the Bassmasters on TV or the “pros” on YouTube. Learning how to bass fish doesn’t have to be that complicated.", "Getting started with bass fishing is easy and can be very rewarding. The excitement of your first trophy catch can lead to a lifetime of pursuing these green and brown fish.", "Learn these bass fishing basics first, and spend as much time on the water as you can to learn how to read the water and the fish. As you learn how to catch bass using the basics, you will be able to add more advanced techniques to your skillset. Let’s get started!", "The first thing to think about is where and how you will be fishing for bass. Lots of people start by fishing for bass from shore or from a dock, and there is absolutely nothing wrong with that. It is even better if you have access to a kayak or small boat, but don’t let that stop you. Let’s review the options, and how to approach each one for learning to catch bass.", "Fishing for bass from shore is great. It costs nothing, and all you need is your rod and reel and some tackle. Look for parks, boat ramps, and bridge overpasses as places you can try first.", "You can learn several techniques while bank fishing. Fishing a topwater lure or spinnerbait around vegetation is an obvious choice. If there is some depth to the water you are fishing, you can slowly drag and hop a texas rigged soft plastic back to shore.", "If there is other pieces of shallow cover nearby you may want to try pitching a Senko or your texas rig to all the possible hiding places.", "You can do all the same things fishing from a boat dock as you do from shore. The only difference is you will be further from the bank, and that can be a good thing. Look for clumps and edges in the weed growth. Keep an eye on depth changes, as many docks are positioned at the edge of shallow areas. Drop offs are great places for catching bass.", "If your dock is one of many in a row, you can practice casting under the neighboring docks with a Senko. Always be polite and courteous to neighboring docks. Don’t cast under a dock if you aren’t confident you can do it without getting snagged.", "If you have access to a kayak or small fishing boat, the fishing options increase dramatically. You are no longer limited to the small areas near the parks and piers. Since you are a beginner, it would be best to keep things simple and stay near shore.", "I’ve broken down the basic gear you will need to get started bass fishing into 3 main categories. Rod and reel, line, and lures. You can go buy all of these items in one trip, and fish all year long in a variety of different places. The idea is to get just enough good gear to be dangerous anywhere you go. Now let’s get started!", "The first thing you want to invest in is a decent rod and reel. I recommend beginners choose one good spinning reel and rod to start out with. An angler can add more spinning combos to the arsenal as they progress. When you are ready, a baitcasting rod and reel gives you more versatility and room to grow as an angler.", "You will see that I like certain brands for my rods and reels, and that is based on my 12+ years of experience in bass fishing. Shimano, Abu Garcia, Pflueger, and Fenwick are quality brands that I have relied on over all these years.", "I’m not saying other brands aren’t any good. I have heard great things about 13 Fishing and Lews, I just haven’t had much opportunity to test them. I’m only telling you these are the rods and reels that I’ve used in the past and are affordable, high quality options to get started with.", "Spinning reel combos are versatile and easier to cast a variety of bass lures with. Choose a 6′-6′′ MH Fast Action spinning rod for the perfect balance between easy casting and backbone to bring in the fish.", "If you can spend $150-$200 for your rod and reel, you will have a quality setup that will last you for many years. We recommend any combination of these rods and reels for your first bass fishing spinning setup.", "Fenwick HMG Spinning Rods – HMG rods are some of the best bass spinning rods for $100 or less. They are lightweight, sensitive, and high quality. Fenwick HMG are excellent spinning rods for beginner bass anglers.", "St. Croix Mojo Bass Spinning Rods – Mojo Bass Rods earn our recommendation because of the SCIII graphite blanks and Kigan 3D guides. The other nice thing about Mojo Bass is the technique specific rod styles. You could get a MJS71MF for plastics fishing, and a MJS71MHF for a little more power.", "Abu Garcia Vendetta Spinning Rods– The Vendetta series has proven to be some of the best spinning rods under $100 in recent years. For the money, they are sensitive and lightweight, perfect for bass fishing. They fish great and look great paired with some Revo spinning reels.", "Pflueger President – The President is an outstanding spinning reel for beginners. Really any Pflueger spinning reel is going to be a great choice for getting started with bass fishing. The Supreme and President XT each cost a little more but stay under the $100 mark.", "Abu Garcia Orra2 S – The Orra is very similar to the Revo series, but at a more attractive price. You still get a carbon body and Carbon Matrix drag stack. It weighs less than 10 ounces, plenty light enough for finesse bass fishing.", "Shimano Sahara – The Sahara has been around a long time and is very popular. Over the years this affordable beginner reel has been upgraded with the same technology as the flagship reels. You get a sub 9 ounce reel, with 4+1 bearings, and X-ship pinion design. For the price it’s a great little reel.", "Are you already experienced with a spinning rod and reel? If yes, then a baitcasting rod and reel would be suitable for getting started with bass fishing. With a baitcasting combo you can cast heavier lures and use heavier line. A good baitcasting reel and quality graphite rod provides much more power when dealing with vegetation and fighting fish.", "It’s true there is a bit of a learning curve with a baitcaster, but it’s worth it because of all the advantages you’ll gain. It would be a good idea to practice casting in your backyard for a few days until you get used to thumbing the spool and using the casting brake systems with different lures and in different wind conditions.", "Fenwick HMG Casting Rods – Bass casting rods that are sensitive, lightweight, and durable. Just like the HMG spinning rods, the HMG casting rods are hard to beat.", "St. Croix Mojo Bass Casting Rods – The Mojo Bass casting rods are technique specific rods, but still versatile enough to work multiple types of baits. Get the “Jig/Baits” MH action rod for all around usage, and the “Plastics” M action rod for everything else.", "Abu Garcia Veracity Casting Rods – Abu Garcia doesn’t just make good casting reels; the Veracity rods are excellent for bass fishing. They have the very popular micro guide system that helps anglers make longer casts. You can fish anything you want with those rods.", "Abu Garcia Revo S – The Revo S is an easy to palm, low profile baitcaster. It has a gear ratio of 6.4:1 which makes it great for a variety of presentations. The Revo line is known for their strong yet smooth Carbon Matrix drag system.", "Shimano Citica – The Citica comes in standard 6.3:1 and high speed 7.2:1 gear ratios. In recent years the Citica has been upgraded from an entry level to now a mid level reel. It is basically what the Curado used to be, and that is a very good thing.", "Pflueger Supreme – The Supreme is a great budget baitcasting reel for bass. The reel materials are top notch, and the 8 ball bearings provide a smooth operation. The Supreme also boasts a solid magnetic braking system, which is crucial for good casting.", "For your spinning reel, I don’t recommend using anything heavier than 10lb diameter line. It becomes increasingly difficult to cast a medium bass sized spinning reel with anything heavier than that. So listen to that advice if you want to save yourself frustration with bird nests and terrible casting distance.", "Here are excellent options in both monofilament and braided line for your bass fishing spinning reel. For baitcasting reels, you can choose the same lines but increase them to 15-20 lb mono, and 30-50 lb braid.", "Monofilament – Mono is a great line for beginner bass fishermen because it’s affordable and easy to use. Mono is the cheapest and easiest to handle, but you risk breaking off more lures because it’s more prone to getting nicked up on rocks and wood.", "Flourocarbon – Fluoro is extremely popular, but I don’t recommend a beginner use it on spinning reels. If you want to try it on baitcasting gear, a good starting point is 12 or 15lb test. Learn to tie a good Palomar knot, making sure the line strands never cross each other. We recommend using a good line conditioner to reduce the stiffness and prevent bad backlashes.", "Braid – A braided superline has smaller diameters for equal strength, and are far tougher than mono. Casting and handling braid has a learning curve, and cost more initially, but they last much longer than mono.", "Spider Wire Stealth (10, 15, or 20lb) / Power Pro Braid (10, 15, or 20lb) / Suffix 832(10 or 20lb)", "There are dozens of styles of bass hooks to choose from and it can be confusing. It doesn’t need to be that way for a beginner. For fishing soft plastic baits, the best hooks are Offset Wide Bend and Offset EWG (Extra Wide Gap).", "Use the Offset Wide Bend on Texas rigged worms and creature baits. The hook point is offset from the bend and eye, creating instant penetration on the hook set. Some people prefer EWG hooks for plastics, and it may work for them. All I can say is an Offset Wide Bend has rarely failed me when fishing weighted soft plastics.", "The Offset EWG style hook is great for weightless applications, such as a Senko or Fluke style soft jerkbait. The bend in the hook aligns the point with the shank and eye. This means you can rig the hook “Tex-posed” on the weightless bait and get better hookups.", "Palomar Knot – Most beginners don’t know the Palomar knot. It’s just not taught to most kids when they first try fishing. This is the fastest, strongest, and easiest bass fishing knot and it pays to learn this knot right away. It works equally well with mono, fluoro, and braid. Tie this knot directly to your hooks and lures.", "Some people complain of broken knots with fluorocarbon, but the simple fact is they are tying the Palomar incorrectly. The key is to never cross the strands of line. When the line lies clean, they slide and cinch without generating heat that weakens the line. I have literally never broken a Palomar knot in all my years of fishing.", "Alberto Knot – Where the Palomar knot will be your everyday workhorse knot, the Alberto will be your money saving knot. Use this knot to connect different lines together. You save money on line by using a cheaper (mono) or more durable (braid) main line, and connecting a leader of the more expensive good line (fluorocarbon) to it.", "When it’s time to replace the line, you only have to replace a leader length or partial spool of line versus the whole thing. Over the course of a season the cost of good line adds up.", "For a spinning reel, use a braided main line, and when the situation calls for finesse, you can use the Alberto to tie on a 5-10 foot 8-10lb fluorocarbon leader. On baitcasting gear, you can fill up half of the spool with cheap monofilament and the rest with your favorite fluorocarbon.", "A Texas Rig is the most basic bass fishing rig there is. Slide a bullet weight onto your line, and tie on an offset worm hook. The weight slides freely up and down the line, creating an action that is hard for fish to resist.", "Any kind of plastic bait can work on a Texas Rig, but the most common is a worm. A regular bass worm has a curl tail that flutters in the water. There are also straight tail worms like the Trick Worm or Senko. If the bass don’t respond to a curly tailed worm, try a more subtle straight tailed version.", "The Senko style soft stickbait is an awesome bass lure for beginners. Rig the 5” worm weedless texas style on a 3/0 or 4/0 offset worm hook with no weight. This rig will fall slowly through the water column with a seductive shimmy that bass love.", "Cast the Senko to any visible piece of cover and let it fall on a slack line. That’s all you have to do. If you see your line jump or move off to the side set the hook!", "For a different look, tie on a small wacky rig hook and rig the worm right in the middle. This is “Wacky” style fishing, and it’s deadly on bass. The main drawback is the rig is a little less weedless compared to texas style.", "A buzzbait and topwater toad are two very different baits that create a similar presentation. Both are great fished over the top of grass, wood, and rock. Both lures create a commotion in the water that draws bass attention. Looking closer you will see the big differences.", "Buzzbaits are wire formed baits with a square blade that rotates on the top wire. The blade makes a loud squeaking noise, sometimes in tandem with a “clacker”, and churns up bubbles in the water. Some are skirted like a spinnerbait, while others have a small lead head and can be tipped with soft plastics.", "Toads are rigged like other soft plastic baits, with an EWG offset worm hook. The deal with a toad is you need to reel it in quickly to get it to stay on top and the legs kick and turn to churn up the water surface. Toads can more easily be fished over the top of heavy vegetation without getting hung up.", "Both of these lures are dead simple to fish. All you do is cast them out and “slow roll” them back in, and working the bait with your rod tip. Slow rolling just means reeling it in as slow as you can while keeping it hovering over the bottom. The swim jig is more compact and can be fished in heavier vegetation.", "If you’re just getting started, don’t buy a tackle box. Get a good tackle backpack and Plano style boxes instead. You can easily take your fishing backpack on your bank fishing trips or on your friend’s boat.", "It’s far more efficient to carry your gear on your back than it is a bulky plastic box. It’s also more versatile. You can stuff side pockets with soft plastics or line or whatever else you need for that trip.", "A good set of aluminum fishing pliers to remove deeply embedded hooks. Pliers are also necessary when using lures with treble hooks.", "To cut your line, a small set of sharp scissors is needed. Small sewing and fabric scissors work great for fishing.", "A handheld digital fishing scale for weighing your fish. You never know when you’ll get the bite of your life. Make sure you have a good scale to make the weight official.", "Small telescoping fishing nets can strap to your pack. This is especially useful when fishing from tricky spots on shore.", "Polarized sunglasses reduce the strain on your eyes, reduce the suns glare off the water, and help you see and observe what’s going on around you.", "This was a long introduction to bass fishing for beginners, so it is helpful to summarize into a few simple steps.", "Think about where you are going to fish most often, whether from the bank or boat. Let that guide your initial equipment choices.", "Pick out one or two spinning rod and reel combos. Spool them with 8-10 lb mono, or 15-20 lb braid, and buy some good fluorocarbon for a leader when necessary.", "Rig up your rods with the two lures best suited for the location you’ll be fishing. Be sure to pack some alternative lures in your tackle bag.", "Get out there and fish! Learn to read the water and where fish might be positioned. Time on the water is the best way to improve as a bass angler.", "Tackle Scout is an online resource for anglers and boaters looking to catch more fish, and get more from their gear. This site is founded and maintained by real anglers, with decades of fishing and boating experience, as well as longtime members of B.A.S.S. and FLW.", "TackleScout.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "Bass Fishing for Beginners [How to Bass Fish] ⋆ Tackle Scout\n\nTackle Scout\n\n# Ultimate Guide to Bass Fishing for Beginners\n\nThis page may contain affiliate links. As a Cabela's affiliate and Amazon\nAssociate we earn from qualifying purchases, at no additional cost to you.\n\nBass fishing is one of those sports that might seem intimidating to beginners\nif all you have seen is the Bassmasters on TV or the “pros” on YouTube.\nLearning how to bass fish doesn’t have to be that complicated.\n\nGetting started with bass fishing is easy and can be very rewarding. The\nexcitement of your first trophy catch can lead to a lifetime of pursuing these\ngreen and brown fish.\n\nLearn these bass fishing basics first, and spend as much time on the water as\nyou can to learn how to read the water and the fish. As you learn how to catch\nbass using the basics, you will be able to add more advanced techniques to\nyour skillset. Let’s get started!\n\nJump To:\n\n## Where & How Will You Fish?\n\nThe first thing to think about is where and how you will be fishing for bass.\nLots of people start by fishing for bass from shore or from a dock, and there\nis absolutely nothing wrong with that. It is even better if you have access to\na kayak or small boat, but don’t let that stop you. Let’s review the options,\nand how to approach each one for learning to catch bass.\n\n### Bass Fishing from Shore\n\nFishing for bass from shore is great. It costs nothing, and all you need is\nyour rod and reel and some tackle. Look for parks, boat ramps, and bridge\noverpasses as places you can try first.\n\nYou can learn several techniques while bank fishing. Fishing a topwater lure\nor spinnerbait around vegetation is an obvious choice. If there is some depth\nto the water you are fishing, you can slowly drag and hop a texas rigged soft\nplastic back to shore.\n\nIf there is other pieces of shallow cover nearby you may want to try pitching\na Senko or your texas rig to all the possible hiding places.\n\n### Bass Fishing from a Dock\n\nYou can do all the same things fishing from a boat dock as you do from shore.\nThe only difference is you will be further from the bank, and that can be a\ngood thing. Look for clumps and edges in the weed growth. Keep an eye on depth\nchanges, as many docks are positioned at the edge of shallow areas. Drop offs\nare great places for catching bass.\n\nIf your dock is one of many in a row, you can practice casting under the\nneighboring docks with a Senko. Always be polite and courteous to neighboring\ndocks. Don’t cast under a dock if you aren’t confident you can do it without\ngetting snagged.\n\n### Bass Fishing from a Kayak\n\nIf you have access to a kayak or small fishing boat, the fishing options\nincrease dramatically. You are no longer limited to the small areas near the\nparks and piers. Since you are a beginner, it would be best to keep things\nsimple and stay near shore.\n\n## Bass Fishing Gear for Beginners\n\nI’ve broken down the basic gear you will need to get started bass fishing into\n3 main categories. Rod and reel, line, and lures. You can go buy all of these\nitems in one trip, and fish all year long in a variety of different places.\nThe idea is to get just enough good gear to be dangerous anywhere you go. Now\nlet’s get started!\n\n### Best Rod and Reel for Bass Fishing\n\nThe first thing you want to invest in is a decent rod and reel. I recommend\nbeginners choose one good spinning reel and rod to start out with. An angler\ncan add more spinning combos to the arsenal as they progress. When you are\nready, a baitcasting rod and reel gives you more versatility and room to grow\nas an angler.\n\nYou will see that I like certain brands for my rods and reels, and that is\nbased on my 12+ years of experience in bass fishing. Shimano, Abu Garcia,\nPflueger, and Fenwick are quality brands that I have relied on over all these\nyears.\n\nI’m not saying other brands aren’t any good. I have heard great things about\n13 Fishing and Lews, I just haven’t had much opportunity to test them. I’m\nonly telling you these are the rods and reels that I’ve used in the past and\nare affordable, high quality options to get started with.\n\n#### Spinning Rods & Reels\n\nSpinning reel combos are versatile and easier to cast a variety of bass lures\nwith. Choose a 6′-6′′ MH Fast Action spinning rod for the perfect balance\nbetween easy casting and backbone to bring in the fish.\n\nIf you can spend $150-$200 for your rod and reel, you will have a quality\nsetup that will last you for many years. We recommend any combination of these\nrods and reels for your first bass fishing spinning setup.\n\n##### Best Spinning Rods for Bass\n\n * Fenwick HMG Spinning Rods – HMG rods are some of the best bass spinning rods for $100 or less. They are lightweight, sensitive, and high quality. Fenwick HMG are excellent spinning rods for beginner bass anglers.\n * St. Croix Mojo Bass Spinning Rods – Mojo Bass Rods earn our recommendation because of the SCIII graphite blanks and Kigan 3D guides. The other nice thing about Mojo Bass is the technique specific rod styles. You could get a MJS71MF for plastics fishing, and a MJS71MHF for a little more power.\n * Abu Garcia Vendetta Spinning Rods– The Vendetta series has proven to be some of the best spinning rods under $100 in recent years. For the money, they are sensitive and lightweight, perfect for bass fishing. They fish great and look great paired with some Revo spinning reels.\n\n##### Best Spinning Reels for Beginners\n\n * Pflueger President – The President is an outstanding spinning reel for beginners. Really any Pflueger spinning reel is going to be a great choice for getting started with bass fishing. The Supreme and President XT each cost a little more but stay under the $100 mark.\n * Abu Garcia Orra2 S – The Orra is very similar to the Revo series, but at a more attractive price. You still get a carbon body and Carbon Matrix drag stack. It weighs less than 10 ounces, plenty light enough for finesse bass fishing.\n * Shimano Sahara – The Sahara has been around a long time and is very popular. Over the years this affordable beginner reel has been upgraded with the same technology as the flagship reels. You get a sub 9 ounce reel, with 4+1 bearings, and X-ship pinion design. For the price it’s a great little reel.\n\n#### Baitcasting Rods & Reels\n\nAre you already experienced with a spinning rod and reel? If yes, then a\nbaitcasting rod and reel would be suitable for getting started with bass\nfishing. With a baitcasting combo you can cast heavier lures and use heavier\nline. A good baitcasting reel and quality graphite rod provides much more\npower when dealing with vegetation and fighting fish.\n\nIt’s true there is a bit of a learning curve with a baitcaster, but it’s worth\nit because of all the advantages you’ll gain. It would be a good idea to\npractice casting in your backyard for a few days until you get used to\nthumbing the spool and using the casting brake systems with different lures\nand in different wind conditions.\n\n##### Best Baitcasting Rods for Bass\n\n * Fenwick HMG Casting Rods – Bass casting rods that are sensitive, lightweight, and durable. Just like the HMG spinning rods, the HMG casting rods are hard to beat.\n * St. Croix Mojo Bass Casting Rods – The Mojo Bass casting rods are technique specific rods, but still versatile enough to work multiple types of baits. Get the “Jig/Baits” MH action rod for all around usage, and the “Plastics” M action rod for everything else.\n * Abu Garcia Veracity Casting Rods – Abu Garcia doesn’t just make good casting reels; the Veracity rods are excellent for bass fishing. They have the very popular micro guide system that helps anglers make longer casts. You can fish anything you want with those rods.\n\n##### Best Baitcasting Reels for Beginners\n\n * Abu Garcia Revo S – The Revo S is an easy to palm, low profile baitcaster. It has a gear ratio of 6.4:1 which makes it great for a variety of presentations. The Revo line is known for their strong yet smooth Carbon Matrix drag system.\n * Shimano Citica – The Citica comes in standard 6.3:1 and high speed 7.2:1 gear ratios. In recent years the Citica has been upgraded from an entry level to now a mid level reel. It is basically what the Curado used to be, and that is a very good thing.\n * Pflueger Supreme – The Supreme is a great budget baitcasting reel for bass. The reel materials are top notch, and the 8 ball bearings provide a smooth operation. The Supreme also boasts a solid magnetic braking system, which is crucial for good casting.\n\n### Best Fishing Line for Bass\n\nFor your spinning reel, I don’t recommend using anything heavier than 10lb\ndiameter line. It becomes increasingly difficult to cast a medium bass sized\nspinning reel with anything heavier than that. So listen to that advice if you\nwant to save yourself frustration with bird nests and terrible casting\ndistance.\n\nHere are excellent options in both monofilament and braided line for your bass\nfishing spinning reel. For baitcasting reels, you can choose the same lines\nbut increase them to 15-20 lb mono, and 30-50 lb braid.\n\n * Monofilament – Mono is a great line for beginner bass fishermen because it’s affordable and easy to use. Mono is the cheapest and easiest to handle, but you risk breaking off more lures because it’s more prone to getting nicked up on rocks and wood.\n\n * Berkley Trilene XL (8-10lb) / Seaguar Senshi(8-10lb) / P-Line CXX (8-10lb)\n * Flourocarbon – Fluoro is extremely popular, but I don’t recommend a beginner use it on spinning reels. If you want to try it on baitcasting gear, a good starting point is 12 or 15lb test. Learn to tie a good Palomar knot, making sure the line strands never cross each other. We recommend using a good line conditioner to reduce the stiffness and prevent bad backlashes.\n\n * Seaguar Red Label (12-15lb)\n * Braid – A braided superline has smaller diameters for equal strength, and are far tougher than mono. Casting and handling braid has a learning curve, and cost more initially, but they last much longer than mono.\n\n * Spider Wire Stealth (10, 15, or 20lb) / Power Pro Braid (10, 15, or 20lb) / Suffix 832(10 or 20lb)\n\n## Best Bass Fishing Hooks & Weights\n\nThere are dozens of styles of bass hooks to choose from and it can be\nconfusing. It doesn’t need to be that way for a beginner. For fishing soft\nplastic baits, the best hooks are Offset Wide Bend and Offset EWG (Extra Wide\nGap).\n\nUse the Offset Wide Bend on Texas rigged worms and creature baits. The hook\npoint is offset from the bend and eye, creating instant penetration on the\nhook set. Some people prefer EWG hooks for plastics, and it may work for them.\nAll I can say is an Offset Wide Bend has rarely failed me when fishing\nweighted soft plastics.\n\nThe Offset EWG style hook is great for weightless applications, such as a\nSenko or Fluke style soft jerkbait. The bend in the hook aligns the point with\nthe shank and eye. This means you can rig the hook “Tex-posed” on the\nweightless bait and get better hookups.\n\n## Tying a Fishing Knot\n\nPalomar Knot – Most beginners don’t know the Palomar knot. It’s just not\ntaught to most kids when they first try fishing. This is the fastest,\nstrongest, and easiest bass fishing knot and it pays to learn this knot right\naway. It works equally well with mono, fluoro, and braid. Tie this knot\ndirectly to your hooks and lures.\n\nSome people complain of broken knots with fluorocarbon, but the simple fact is\nthey are tying the Palomar incorrectly. The key is to never cross the strands\nof line. When the line lies clean, they slide and cinch without generating\nheat that weakens the line. I have literally never broken a Palomar knot in\nall my years of fishing.\n\nHere is an excellent video showing how to tie the Palomar knot correctly:\n\nAlberto Knot – Where the Palomar knot will be your everyday workhorse knot,\nthe Alberto will be your money saving knot. Use this knot to connect different\nlines together. You save money on line by using a cheaper (mono) or more\ndurable (braid) main line, and connecting a leader of the more expensive good\nline (fluorocarbon) to it.\n\nWhen it’s time to replace the line, you only have to replace a leader length\nor partial spool of line versus the whole thing. Over the course of a season\nthe cost of good line adds up.\n\nFor a spinning reel, use a braided main line, and when the situation calls for\nfinesse, you can use the Alberto to tie on a 5-10 foot 8-10lb fluorocarbon\nleader. On baitcasting gear, you can fill up half of the spool with cheap\nmonofilament and the rest with your favorite fluorocarbon.\n\nHere is a video demonstrating the Alberto Knot:\n\n## Best Bass Lures for Beginners\n\n### Texas Rig\n\nA Texas Rig is the most basic bass fishing rig there is. Slide a bullet weight\nonto your line, and tie on an offset worm hook. The weight slides freely up\nand down the line, creating an action that is hard for fish to resist.\n\nAny kind of plastic bait can work on a Texas Rig, but the most common is a\nworm. A regular bass worm has a curl tail that flutters in the water. There\nare also straight tail worms like the Trick Worm or Senko. If the bass don’t\nrespond to a curly tailed worm, try a more subtle straight tailed version.\n\n### Senko (Stickbait)\n\nThe Senko style soft stickbait is an awesome bass lure for beginners. Rig the\n5” worm weedless texas style on a 3/0 or 4/0 offset worm hook with no weight.\nThis rig will fall slowly through the water column with a seductive shimmy\nthat bass love.\n\nCast the Senko to any visible piece of cover and let it fall on a slack line.\nThat’s all you have to do. If you see your line jump or move off to the side\nset the hook!\n\nFor a different look, tie on a small wacky rig hook and rig the worm right in\nthe middle. This is “Wacky” style fishing, and it’s deadly on bass. The main\ndrawback is the rig is a little less weedless compared to texas style.\n\n### Buzzbait/Toad\n\nA buzzbait and topwater toad are two very different baits that create a\nsimilar presentation. Both are great fished over the top of grass, wood, and\nrock. Both lures create a commotion in the water that draws bass attention.\nLooking closer you will see the big differences.\n\nBuzzbaits are wire formed baits with a square blade that rotates on the top\nwire. The blade makes a loud squeaking noise, sometimes in tandem with a\n“clacker”, and churns up bubbles in the water. Some are skirted like a\nspinnerbait, while others have a small lead head and can be tipped with soft\nplastics.\n\nToads are rigged like other soft plastic baits, with an EWG offset worm hook.\nThe deal with a toad is you need to reel it in quickly to get it to stay on\ntop and the legs kick and turn to churn up the water surface. Toads can more\neasily be fished over the top of heavy vegetation without getting hung up.\n\n### Spinnerbait/Swimjig\n\nBoth of these lures are dead simple to fish. All you do is cast them out and\n“slow roll” them back in, and working the bait with your rod tip. Slow rolling\njust means reeling it in as slow as you can while keeping it hovering over the\nbottom. The swim jig is more compact and can be fished in heavier vegetation.\n\n### Advanced Bass Lures\n\n * Carolina Rig\n * Drop Shot\n * Chatterbait/Bladed Swim Jig\n * Hollow Body Frog\n * Topwater Plugs\n * Swimbaits\n * Deep Diving Crankbaits\n * Squarebill Crankbaits\n\n## Tackle Storage & Accessories\n\nIf you’re just getting started, don’t buy a tackle box. Get a good tackle\nbackpack and Plano style boxes instead. You can easily take your fishing\nbackpack on your bank fishing trips or on your friend’s boat.\n\nIt’s far more efficient to carry your gear on your back than it is a bulky\nplastic box. It’s also more versatile. You can stuff side pockets with soft\nplastics or line or whatever else you need for that trip.\n\nThere are a half dozen other fishing accessories you’ll want to get and keep\nwith your tackle bag.\n\n * A good set of aluminum fishing pliers to remove deeply embedded hooks. Pliers are also necessary when using lures with treble hooks.\n * To cut your line, a small set of sharp scissors is needed. Small sewing and fabric scissors work great for fishing.\n * A handheld digital fishing scale for weighing your fish. You never know when you’ll get the bite of your life. Make sure you have a good scale to make the weight official.\n * Small telescoping fishing nets can strap to your pack. This is especially useful when fishing from tricky spots on shore.\n * Polarized sunglasses reduce the strain on your eyes, reduce the suns glare off the water, and help you see and observe what’s going on around you.\n\n## Conclusion\n\nThis was a long introduction to bass fishing for beginners, so it is helpful\nto summarize into a few simple steps.\n\n 1. Think about where you are going to fish most often, whether from the bank or boat. Let that guide your initial equipment choices.\n 2. Pick out one or two spinning rod and reel combos. Spool them with 8-10 lb mono, or 15-20 lb braid, and buy some good fluorocarbon for a leader when necessary.\n 3. Practice tying your Palomar knots until they are perfect.\n 4. Rig up your rods with the two lures best suited for the location you’ll be fishing. Be sure to pack some alternative lures in your tackle bag.\n 5. Get out there and fish! Learn to read the water and where fish might be positioned. Time on the water is the best way to improve as a bass angler.\n\n#### Tackle Scout\n\nTackle Scout is an online resource for anglers and boaters looking to catch\nmore fish, and get more from their gear. This site is founded and maintained\nby real anglers, with decades of fishing and boating experience, as well as\nlongtime members of B.A.S.S. and FLW.\n\nView all posts\n\n#### Add comment\n\n### Cancel reply\n\n#### You may also like\n\nTackle\n\n## 15 Best Topwater Frog Lures for Bass Fishing\n\n7 min read\n\nReels\n\n## Gear Guide: Best Spinning Reel for Bass Fishing\n\n8 min read\n\nBass Fishing\n\n## How Much Money KVD has Won in Each State & Lake [MAP]\n\n3 min read\n\nBass Fishing\n\n## Why you Should Use Snaps for Fishing Crankbaits\n\n6 min read\n\n * About Us\n * Contact\n * Privacy Policy\n * Affiliate Disclosure\n\n#### Disclosure\n\nTackleScout.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us\nto earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nCopyright © 2015-2020 Tackle Scout\n\n * Tips & Techniques\n\n * Bass Fishing\n * Ice Fishing\n * Gear\n\n * Reels\n * Rods\n * Accessories\n * Tackle\n * Boating\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bassmaster.com/jordan-lee/spool-your-reels-correctly", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512061708/https://www.bassmaster.com/jordan-lee/spool-your-reels-correctly", "parsed_text": { "title": "Spool your reels correctly", "passages": [ "I’ve been thinking about something lately. It’s not the biggest thing in the world but it is important, and it comes up often enough that I think we should talk about it. Too many anglers don’t put enough line on their reels and they don’t spool them correctly. I see it often in the little bit of guiding I do these days. That tells me it’s pretty common.", "The reasons anglers do that vary but two of the most common are that they think they’ll get backlashes if their baitcasting reels have too much line on them and they do it to save money. Both of these problems can be easily solved.", "To begin with it’s important to fill your reels full. Casting reels should be between an eighth of an inch from the top and all the way to the top. If you get too much line on them, you’ll get a weird sound when you cast. Spinning reels should be all the way full, right to the top. If you get too much line on them, the line will jump off the spool in coils.", "You can stop backlashes with baitcasters by adjusting your reels properly. Start with the Spool Tension Knob. This controls how easily your spool will rotate. The rule of thumb is to tighten it just enough so that your lure drops slowly when you release the Thumb Bar. Once you’ve done that adjust the Brakes. That’ll keep the spool from overrunning.", "Make your adjustments a little tight if you’re a novice or new to baitcasting tackle. As you gain experience you can loosen them up. You want to get as much distance and accuracy with as little effort as possible. At the same time, though, you don’t want to waste valuable fishing time picking out backlashes.", "A spinning reel is even easier to fix. Fill it full like I just said and you’ll be able to cast it easily without the line getting all twisted up into knots that’ll make your next cast impossible. There’s nothing difficult about it.", "It’s impossible to overstate the importance of having a full spool. Neither a casting or a spinning reel will make a long cast if it doesn’t have enough line on it. If you can’t make long and accurate casts you’ll clearly be at a disadvantage against the fish and other anglers.", "The money issue is even easier to solve than the backlash issue. I put monofilament or fluorocarbon backing — old line — on my reels before I spool the braid. I do this on both my casting and spinning reels. It keeps the braid from slipping and cutting into itself so much and it saves expensive line. We all know that good braid like the Seaguar I use isn’t cheap. It’s worth the cost, for sure. But there’s no reason to spend more on it than necessary.", "This whole topic fits in nicely with another column I wrote about the importance of precise lure placement. In fact, that’s what got me started thinking about it in the first place and why I think it’s so important. There are a lot of variables in bass fishing. Reel performance shouldn’t be one of them.", "I’ve had an awesome year, and I’m thankful for it. I thought I’d try to explain some of it so that everyone gets a little insight into my world, and into the real world of professional bass fishing..." ] }, "parsed_md": "Spool your reels correctly | Bassmaster\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# Spool your reels correctly\n\nJuly 30, 2017\n\n## 024_gdixon_sk_-_jordan_lee_baits-1.jpg\n\nGarrick Dixon\n\n## Jordan Lee\n\n## Jordan Lee\n\nI’ve been thinking about something lately. It’s not the biggest thing in the\nworld but it is important, and it comes up often enough that I think we should\ntalk about it. Too many anglers don’t put enough line on their reels and they\ndon’t spool them correctly. I see it often in the little bit of guiding I do\nthese days. That tells me it’s pretty common.\n\nThe reasons anglers do that vary but two of the most common are that they\nthink they’ll get backlashes if their baitcasting reels have too much line on\nthem and they do it to save money. Both of these problems can be easily\nsolved.\n\nTo begin with it’s important to fill your reels full. Casting reels should be\nbetween an eighth of an inch from the top and all the way to the top. If you\nget too much line on them, you’ll get a weird sound when you cast. Spinning\nreels should be all the way full, right to the top. If you get too much line\non them, the line will jump off the spool in coils.\n\nYou can stop backlashes with baitcasters by adjusting your reels properly.\nStart with the Spool Tension Knob. This controls how easily your spool will\nrotate. The rule of thumb is to tighten it just enough so that your lure drops\nslowly when you release the Thumb Bar. Once you’ve done that adjust the\nBrakes. That’ll keep the spool from overrunning.\n\nMake your adjustments a little tight if you’re a novice or new to baitcasting\ntackle. As you gain experience you can loosen them up. You want to get as much\ndistance and accuracy with as little effort as possible. At the same time,\nthough, you don’t want to waste valuable fishing time picking out backlashes.\n\nA spinning reel is even easier to fix. Fill it full like I just said and\nyou’ll be able to cast it easily without the line getting all twisted up into\nknots that’ll make your next cast impossible. There’s nothing difficult about\nit.\n\nIt’s impossible to overstate the importance of having a full spool. Neither a\ncasting or a spinning reel will make a long cast if it doesn’t have enough\nline on it. If you can’t make long and accurate casts you’ll clearly be at a\ndisadvantage against the fish and other anglers.\n\nThe money issue is even easier to solve than the backlash issue. I put\nmonofilament or fluorocarbon backing — old line — on my reels before I spool\nthe braid. I do this on both my casting and spinning reels. It keeps the braid\nfrom slipping and cutting into itself so much and it saves expensive line. We\nall know that good braid like the Seaguar I use isn’t cheap. It’s worth the\ncost, for sure. But there’s no reason to spend more on it than necessary.\n\nThis whole topic fits in nicely with another column I wrote about the\nimportance of precise lure placement. In fact, that’s what got me started\nthinking about it in the first place and why I think it’s so important. There\nare a lot of variables in bass fishing. Reel performance shouldn’t be one of\nthem.\n\nPage views\n\n67\n\n## Trending\n\n## Bassmaster LIVE\n\n## Elite Series weigh-in\n\n## Bassmaster LIVE Mix\n\n## Watch LIVE: Neely Henry weigh-in\n\n## Logan lands first Elite victory\n\n## Mueller moves into lead on Day 2\n\n## Also By This Author\n\n## What the Classic means: Jordan Lee\n\n## Fishing top, middle and bottom\n\n## Open-face reels and fluorocarbon line\n\n## Why you need spinning tackle\n\n## Fish the slop\n\n## Related Content\n\n## Lee's awesome year\n\n## Lee's awesome year\n\nI’ve had an awesome year, and I’m thankful for it. I thought I’d try to\nexplain some of it so that everyone gets a little insight into my world, and\ninto the real world of professional bass fishing...\n\n * Read More\n\n## Making something from nothing\n\n## Making something from nothing\n\n * Read More\n\n## Join B.A.S.S.\n\nMembership Includes 1 Year Bassmaster Magazine, Plus $50 in free gear. JOIN\nTODAY!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.takemefishing.org/how-to-fish/fishing-knots-and-rigs/types-of-bass-fishing-rigs/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512182823/https://www.takemefishing.org/how-to-fish/fishing-knots-and-rigs/types-of-bass-fishing-rigs/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Top Types of Bass Fishing Rigs & Setup", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Top Types of Bass Fishing Rigs & Setup\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://myodfw.com/articles/how-fish-bass", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211016023753/https://myodfw.com/articles/how-fish-bass", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to fish for bass", "passages": [ "Bass are an increasingly popular game fish even in a state noted for its native salmon, steelhead and trout. Bass often thrive in the urban waters of places like the Willamette Valley where warmer temperatures limit trout fishing in the summer months. Whether you target them in the Columbia or Willamette rivers, a coastal lake or the neighborhood pond, throughout much of the year bass can offer a rewarding fishing opportunity relatively close to home.", "Largemouth bass reach prodigious sizes (up to nine pounds), are relatively solitary and are more tolerant of warm, murky water than smallmouth bass.", "“Smallies,\" on the other hand, are slightly smaller than largemouth bass (Oregon state record is a little under nine pounds), tend to hang out in schools, and prefer cooler, clearer water. Smallmouth bass are more often found in deeper lakes and reservoirs where water temperatures stay cooler, and in moving waters such as the Columbia, Willamette, South Umpqua and John Day rivers.", "When it comes to strength, fight and acrobatics, smallmouth bass are considered top tier, behind only steelhead and atlantic salmon (really!). And although other fish might fight harder, few will put on as good a show as a leaping and diving largemouth bass.", "Both largemouth and smallmouth bass are very opportunistic and can do well in a variety of lakes, ponds, reservoirs, rivers and sloughs. The ODFW weekly Recreation Report includes fishing updates on dozens of bass fisheries throughout the state.", "Pre-spawn typically begins in April when water temperatures are near 60 degrees. Fish tend to school up in shallow waters and feed heavily. This can be the best time of year to catch big bruisers that normally inhabit the deepest waters. Once spawning ends, bass are not as aggressive and can be more difficult to catch.", "Summer brings warmer water temperatures and the fish move into deeper, cooler waters. As long as water temperatures stay below 80 degrees, bass will remain feisty and receptive to a well-presented lure. While deeper water presentations are most effective during the day, anglers can tempt bass with surface lures during early morning and late evening when the sun is not directly on the water.", "Late summer and early fall can trigger a burst of feeding activity with bass, who sense the coming cold weather. Next to the pre-spawn period, this can be the best bass fishing of the year. Once a lake turns over and water temperature drops below 50 degrees, bass become lethargic and difficult to catch.", "Worms (and other plastics) – Perhaps the most popular and effective bass lures, rubber worms come in a variety of sizes and colors, and can be fished using a variety of techniques. Bass will often hit a worm as it is dropping through the water. A very, very slow “dragging” retrieve along the bottom can entice inactive or non-receptive fish, while the use of a more animated curly-tailed worm can attract more active fish in warmer waters.", "Crankbaits (aka diving plugs) – These lures got their name because they are designed to cast out and then “crank” back in. Hollow plastic or wooden lures designed to dive to varying depths, they come in a variety of shapes, colors and sizes to imitate bait fish.", "Spinnerbaits – These were once called safety-pin lures because the shape of the wire framework resembles an open safety pin. These lures combine a lead head with one or more flashing spinner blades, a sharp hook and a rubber skirt to hide the hook. These are very versatile lures that can be fished year-round in almost any conditions.", "Jigs – Jigs are heavy, lead-headed lures with a single hook often masked with a rubber skirt, hair or other materials. Designed to ride hook side up, these are good lures to fish around wood and docks throughout the season.", "Top-water lures – Available in a variety of sizes, shapes and colors to imitate frogs, mice, prey fish and other foods, these can be the most exciting lures to fish because you see the fish come to the surface of the water and take the lure in an aggressive, splashy take. Bass are sun shy, so fish top-water lures early or late in the day when the sun is off the water.", "Swimbaits – These are large (up to 8 inches) soft rubber or plastic lures with a jig head that resemble prey fish. Once used mostly during the pre-spawn season, these lures are becoming more popular among anglers targeting trophy bass throughout the year. These lures will not catch large numbers of fish (if you fish them exclusively be prepared for fishless days) but when they work they will catch trophy-sized fish.", "Like many other kinds of fishing, bass rods and reels can be highly specialized depending on the type and size of the lure you will be casting. For the beginning bass angler, a good all-purpose rod to start with is a 6- to 61/2-foot baitcasting or spinning rod, with medium action and rated for an 8- to 12-pound line and 1/4- to 3⁄4- ounce lure.", "Let's go fishing! Not enough time? Think again. If you live in the greater Portland area, there are a number of places...", "The granite peaks of Oregon’s Blue and Wallowa Mountains form the backdrop for many of this zone’s glacier-carved lakes and...", "Current conditions and opportunities to fish, hunt and see wildlife. Updated weekly by fish and wildlife biologists throughout the state.", "Do you want to enter your opinion about a specific issue into the public record? Contact: odfw.commission@odfw.Oregon.gov Can’t find what you need? Visit the ODFW's agency site." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to fish for bass | Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife\n\nSkip to main content\n\nOregon Department of Fish & Wildlife\n\nStatewide\n\n# How to fish for bass\n\nBass are an increasingly popular game fish even in a state noted for its\nnative salmon, steelhead and trout. Bass often thrive in the urban waters of\nplaces like the Willamette Valley where warmer temperatures limit trout\nfishing in the summer months. Whether you target them in the Columbia or\nWillamette rivers, a coastal lake or the neighborhood pond, throughout much of\nthe year bass can offer a rewarding fishing opportunity relatively close to\nhome.\n\n### License requirements\n\nA general Oregon Angling License is required to fish for bass.\n\n### Where and when to fish\n\nLargemouth bass reach prodigious sizes (up to nine pounds), are relatively\nsolitary and are more tolerant of warm, murky water than smallmouth bass.\n\n“Smallies,\" on the other hand, are slightly smaller than largemouth bass\n(Oregon state record is a little under nine pounds), tend to hang out in\nschools, and prefer cooler, clearer water. Smallmouth bass are more often\nfound in deeper lakes and reservoirs where water temperatures stay cooler, and\nin moving waters such as the Columbia, Willamette, South Umpqua and John Day\nrivers.\n\nWhen it comes to strength, fight and acrobatics, smallmouth bass are\nconsidered top tier, behind only steelhead and atlantic salmon (really!). And\nalthough other fish might fight harder, few will put on as good a show as a\nleaping and diving largemouth bass.\n\nBoth largemouth and smallmouth bass are very opportunistic and can do well in\na variety of lakes, ponds, reservoirs, rivers and sloughs. The ODFW weekly\nRecreation Report includes fishing updates on dozens of bass fisheries\nthroughout the state.\n\n#### The best bass fishing occurs during three seasons:\n\n * Pre-spawn typically begins in April when water temperatures are near 60 degrees. Fish tend to school up in shallow waters and feed heavily. This can be the best time of year to catch big bruisers that normally inhabit the deepest waters. Once spawning ends, bass are not as aggressive and can be more difficult to catch.\n * Summer brings warmer water temperatures and the fish move into deeper, cooler waters. As long as water temperatures stay below 80 degrees, bass will remain feisty and receptive to a well-presented lure. While deeper water presentations are most effective during the day, anglers can tempt bass with surface lures during early morning and late evening when the sun is not directly on the water.\n * Late summer and early fall can trigger a burst of feeding activity with bass, who sense the coming cold weather. Next to the pre-spawn period, this can be the best bass fishing of the year. Once a lake turns over and water temperature drops below 50 degrees, bass become lethargic and difficult to catch.\n\n### Techniques and equipment\n\n#### Bass fishing techniques tend to be based on the kind of lure you’re\nthrowing.\n\n * Worms (and other plastics) – Perhaps the most popular and effective bass lures, rubber worms come in a variety of sizes and colors, and can be fished using a variety of techniques. Bass will often hit a worm as it is dropping through the water. A very, very slow “dragging” retrieve along the bottom can entice inactive or non-receptive fish, while the use of a more animated curly-tailed worm can attract more active fish in warmer waters.\n * Crankbaits (aka diving plugs) – These lures got their name because they are designed to cast out and then “crank” back in. Hollow plastic or wooden lures designed to dive to varying depths, they come in a variety of shapes, colors and sizes to imitate bait fish.\n * Spinnerbaits – These were once called safety-pin lures because the shape of the wire framework resembles an open safety pin. These lures combine a lead head with one or more flashing spinner blades, a sharp hook and a rubber skirt to hide the hook. These are very versatile lures that can be fished year-round in almost any conditions.\n * Jigs – Jigs are heavy, lead-headed lures with a single hook often masked with a rubber skirt, hair or other materials. Designed to ride hook side up, these are good lures to fish around wood and docks throughout the season.\n * Top-water lures – Available in a variety of sizes, shapes and colors to imitate frogs, mice, prey fish and other foods, these can be the most exciting lures to fish because you see the fish come to the surface of the water and take the lure in an aggressive, splashy take. Bass are sun shy, so fish top-water lures early or late in the day when the sun is off the water.\n * Swimbaits – These are large (up to 8 inches) soft rubber or plastic lures with a jig head that resemble prey fish. Once used mostly during the pre-spawn season, these lures are becoming more popular among anglers targeting trophy bass throughout the year. These lures will not catch large numbers of fish (if you fish them exclusively be prepared for fishless days) but when they work they will catch trophy-sized fish.\n\n#### Equipment:\n\nLike many other kinds of fishing, bass rods and reels can be highly\nspecialized depending on the type and size of the lure you will be casting.\nFor the beginning bass angler, a good all-purpose rod to start with is a 6- to\n61/2-foot baitcasting or spinning rod, with medium action and rated for an 8-\nto 12-pound line and 1/4- to 3⁄4- ounce lure.\n\nClick here to download a pdf of the Oregon bass fishing flyer\n\n### More information\n\n * Sport Fishing Regulations\n * Warmwater Fishing in Oregon\n\nHeader photo by Evan Boyer\n\n## Explore Related Articles\n\nWhere to fish\n\n### 50 places to go fishing within 60 minutes of Portland\n\nLet's go fishing! Not enough time? Think again. If you live in the greater\nPortland area, there are a number of places...\n\nHow to fish\n\n### How to clean and keep your catch\n\nA quick guide to cleaning and storing the fish you catch.\n\nWhere to fish\n\n### Easy angling in the Northeast Zone\n\nThe granite peaks of Oregon’s Blue and Wallowa Mountains form the backdrop for\nmany of this zone’s glacier-carved lakes and...\n\n## Check out the Latest Recreation Report\n\nCurrent conditions and opportunities to fish, hunt and see wildlife. Updated\nweekly by fish and wildlife biologists throughout the state.\n\nVisit Recreation Report\n\nSign up for ODFW email updates\n\n4034 Fairview Industrial Drive SE Salem, OR 97302 Main Phone (503) 947-6000\n(800) 720-6339\n\n#### Contact ODFW\n\nDo you have a question or comment for ODFW? Contact ODFW's Public Service\nRepresentative at: odfw.info@odfw.Oregon.gov\n\nDo you want to enter your opinion about a specific issue into the public\nrecord? Contact: odfw.commission@odfw.Oregon.gov Can’t find what you need?\nVisit the ODFW's agency site.\n\n© Copyright 2021 Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife\n\n" } ]
489,793
How To Be an Inspiration
One way to be an inspiration to others is to take leaps of faith that push you out of your comfort zone and broaden your horizons. Start by doing small things every few days, like taking up a new sport or learning a new language, and work your way up to a point where you’re making brave actions in your daily life. People also find positivity inspiring, so focus on finding the positive in negative situations and avoid being judgemental, harsh, or critical. For instance, if you fail a big test, think of it as an opportunity to learn about good study habits so you can avoid it happening again.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20170717124720/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/thomas-barta/want-to-inspire-people_b_4393103.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190320215002/https://www.forbes.com/sites/85broads/2014/04/08/why-you-should-be-writing-down-your-goals/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303180820/https://www.teentech.com/how-to-be-an-inspiration/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170313185416/http://inspiration.allwomenstalk.com:80/amazing-ways-to-inspire-someone-to-become-a-better-person/11", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423013908/https://inspiration.allwomenstalk.com/amazing-ways-to-inspire-someone-to-become-a-better-person/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170915053227/http://www.robinsharma.com:80/blog/02/22-ways-to-become-spectacularly-inspirational-2/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170403010019/http://inspiration.allwomenstalk.com:80/amazing-ways-to-inspire-someone-to-become-a-better-person/2", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506101735/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inspiration", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200920185719/https://www.forbes.com/sites/kathycaprino/2012/09/25/what-it-really-takes-to-be-inspiring/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201109032410/https://www.marcandangel.com/2009/02/18/8-ways-to-inspire-others/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418141905/https://www.becomingminimalist.com/reasons-to-journal/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210716060154/https://www.marcandangel.com/2012/02/13/18-ways-to-inspire-everyone-around-you/" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/thomas-barta/want-to-inspire-people_b_4393103.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170717124720/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/thomas-barta/want-to-inspire-people_b_4393103.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Want to Inspire People? Turn Your Spark Into a Flame", "passages": [ "People are inspired by why you do things, not by what you do, suggests Simon Sinek in his inspiring TEDTalk. So how do you find and foster your own why as a leader?", "Inspirational people are everywhere. On a recent visit to Singapore, my cab suddenly stopped just short of the hotel. It was raining and the area in front of the hotel was gridlocked. Taxis, buses and limousines were all blocking each other -- it was a mess. A moment later, the hotel porter Jerry came out to take over from his colleague. He started guiding the cars, apologizing to guests, and nudging drivers to clear the way. He was everywhere all at once, and he was smiling. Less than 5 minutes later, everybody was moving again. \"Welcome to Singapore, Mr. Barta\", he said when he opened the door to my cab. \"How did you manage to get the cars moving so quickly?\" I wanted to know. \"Well, I take care of everybody here. I don't see the cars, I see the people. If your arrival goes well, you'll have a good stay.\" I saw pride in his eyes when he said this. Jerry is just one of the many people who inspire us every day.", "Inspiring people starts with one person: yourself. If you have the spark of inspiration, you can inspire others. That's the key. -- Thomas Barta", "\"How can I inspire people?\" Some people believe inspiring is all about storytelling techniques or about picking a bold topic. Others think: Some leaders \"just have it\" (in fact early leadership theories propagated this idea). Today we know different: Inspiration comes from a spark deep inside you. Together with INSEAD Business School, we have recently researched how over 10,000 global leaders see themselves versus how their superiors and team see them. The picture on inspiration is pretty clear -- those leaders who feel inspired themselves inspire their teams and superiors. Inspiring people starts with one person: yourself. If you have the spark of inspiration, you can inspire others. That's the key.", "Inspiration is easy to spot, and hard to fake. Think about it: replacing humans in movies with digital lookalikes doesn't work (yet), however perfectly computer-animated they are. Human expression and body language is so complex, it's hard for even the most powerful computers to simulate. People can spot a flicker of inspiration in seconds. They pick up your movements, your tone of voice, even your smallest facial expressions. You can see this for yourself: repeat a recent, boring conversation for a minute in front of a mirror and watch your face. Next, for another minute, talk about something you really care about (such as a hobby, a dream, or a strong belief). I'm certain your face will show more excitement and energy. It's what I call the flicker of inspiration. If you show others this flicker behind your eyes, they too will be inspired.", "Do you need the grand ideas of a Henry Ford, a Steve Jobs or a Mahatma Gandhi to inspire people? Not necessarily. The following experiment shows: People are inspired by very different things, and often by small things. In my leadership workshops I always ask people to write a card to all the other participants who have inspired them, saying why they are so inspiring. We then slip these cards under the addressees' hotel doors late at night. Some participants get lots of cards, while others get none. What's on these cards has been surprisingly consistent over the years, and falls into three categories:", "-- The flame of optimism: \"you have so much energy\", \"you always see the opportunities\", \"you give me hope that you can do it\", \"you believe you can change the market\"", "-- The flame of courage: \"you stand up for what you believe\", \"you don't give up even if it's not popular\", \"you are not afraid to take a risk\"", "-- The flame of care: \"you are so committed to your family\", \"you listen to me\", \"you supported me\", \"you really care for your team\"", "Why not ask five people today how you inspire them? I'm sure you have flickers of inspiration showing already. Don't pick a random idea to inspire others. Instead, start with the spark inside you, and let people see it. If it matters to them, it will turn it into a flame.", "Even if you have the spark of inspiration, it takes energy to show the flicker in your eyes consistently. Some years ago I led a large global team; but despite major business success, the team was not fired up with excitement. I soon realized that I needed to provide them with more spark: They always needed to see the flicker of my own inspiration, especially when things got busy. It seemed odd at first to try and set people alight with every interaction, but it did help me build inspired teams. How about reminding yourself of that, too? If you want to lead, set others alight with your inspiration in each interaction you have.", "Whether you want to change the world, lead a company or just clear the road in front of the hotel: let people see the flicker of inspiration in your eyes, and turn it into a flame!", "Ideas are not set in stone. When exposed to thoughtful people, they morph and adapt into their most potent form. TEDWeekends will highlight some of today's most intriguing ideas and allow them to develop in real time through your voice! Tweet #TEDWeekends to share your perspective or email tedweekends@huffingtonpost.com to learn about future weekend's ideas to contribute as a writer." ] }, "parsed_md": "Want to Inspire People? Turn Your Spark Into a Flame | HuffPost\n\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\nyou.\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\n * Arabi\n * Australia\n * Brasil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Greece\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * Japan\n * Korea\n * Maghreb\n * México\n * Québec\n * South Africa\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n\nClose\n\nTHE BLOG\n\n12/06/2013 10:05 am ET | Updated Feb 05, 2014\n\n# Want to Inspire People? Turn Your Spark Into a Flame\n\nBy Thomas Barta\n\nClick here to watch the TEDTalk that inspired this post.\n\nPeople are inspired by why you do things, not by what you do, suggests Simon\nSinek in his inspiring TEDTalk. So how do you find and foster your own why as\na leader?\n\nInspirational people are everywhere. On a recent visit to Singapore, my cab\nsuddenly stopped just short of the hotel. It was raining and the area in front\nof the hotel was gridlocked. Taxis, buses and limousines were all blocking\neach other -- it was a mess. A moment later, the hotel porter Jerry came out\nto take over from his colleague. He started guiding the cars, apologizing to\nguests, and nudging drivers to clear the way. He was everywhere all at once,\nand he was smiling. Less than 5 minutes later, everybody was moving again.\n\"Welcome to Singapore, Mr. Barta\", he said when he opened the door to my cab.\n\"How did you manage to get the cars moving so quickly?\" I wanted to know.\n\"Well, I take care of everybody here. I don't see the cars, I see the people.\nIf your arrival goes well, you'll have a good stay.\" I saw pride in his eyes\nwhen he said this. Jerry is just one of the many people who inspire us every\nday.\n\nInspiring people starts with one person: yourself. If you have the spark of\ninspiration, you can inspire others. That's the key. -- Thomas Barta\n\nInspiring other starts with yourself\n\n\"How can I inspire people?\" Some people believe inspiring is all about\nstorytelling techniques or about picking a bold topic. Others think: Some\nleaders \"just have it\" (in fact early leadership theories propagated this\nidea). Today we know different: Inspiration comes from a spark deep inside\nyou. Together with INSEAD Business School, we have recently researched how\nover 10,000 global leaders see themselves versus how their superiors and team\nsee them. The picture on inspiration is pretty clear -- those leaders who feel\ninspired themselves inspire their teams and superiors. Inspiring people starts\nwith one person: yourself. If you have the spark of inspiration, you can\ninspire others. That's the key.\n\nInspiration is easy to spot, and hard to fake. Think about it: replacing\nhumans in movies with digital lookalikes doesn't work (yet), however perfectly\ncomputer-animated they are. Human expression and body language is so complex,\nit's hard for even the most powerful computers to simulate. People can spot a\nflicker of inspiration in seconds. They pick up your movements, your tone of\nvoice, even your smallest facial expressions. You can see this for yourself:\nrepeat a recent, boring conversation for a minute in front of a mirror and\nwatch your face. Next, for another minute, talk about something you really\ncare about (such as a hobby, a dream, or a strong belief). I'm certain your\nface will show more excitement and energy. It's what I call the flicker of\ninspiration. If you show others this flicker behind your eyes, they too will\nbe inspired.\n\nYou need to find your flame\n\nDo you need the grand ideas of a Henry Ford, a Steve Jobs or a Mahatma Gandhi\nto inspire people? Not necessarily. The following experiment shows: People are\ninspired by very different things, and often by small things. In my leadership\nworkshops I always ask people to write a card to all the other participants\nwho have inspired them, saying why they are so inspiring. We then slip these\ncards under the addressees' hotel doors late at night. Some participants get\nlots of cards, while others get none. What's on these cards has been\nsurprisingly consistent over the years, and falls into three categories:\n\n\\-- The flame of optimism: \"you have so much energy\", \"you always see the\nopportunities\", \"you give me hope that you can do it\", \"you believe you can\nchange the market\"\n\n\\-- The flame of courage: \"you stand up for what you believe\", \"you don't give\nup even if it's not popular\", \"you are not afraid to take a risk\"\n\n\\-- The flame of care: \"you are so committed to your family\", \"you listen to\nme\", \"you supported me\", \"you really care for your team\"\n\nWhy not ask five people today how you inspire them? I'm sure you have flickers\nof inspiration showing already. Don't pick a random idea to inspire others.\nInstead, start with the spark inside you, and let people see it. If it matters\nto them, it will turn it into a flame.\n\nInspiring others is your job as a leader\n\nEven if you have the spark of inspiration, it takes energy to show the flicker\nin your eyes consistently. Some years ago I led a large global team; but\ndespite major business success, the team was not fired up with excitement. I\nsoon realized that I needed to provide them with more spark: They always\nneeded to see the flicker of my own inspiration, especially when things got\nbusy. It seemed odd at first to try and set people alight with every\ninteraction, but it did help me build inspired teams. How about reminding\nyourself of that, too? If you want to lead, set others alight with your\ninspiration in each interaction you have.\n\nWhether you want to change the world, lead a company or just clear the road in\nfront of the hotel: let people see the flicker of inspiration in your eyes,\nand turn it into a flame!\n\nIdeas are not set in stone. When exposed to thoughtful people, they morph and\nadapt into their most potent form. TEDWeekends will highlight some of today's\nmost intriguing ideas and allow them to develop in real time through your\nvoice! Tweet #TEDWeekends to share your perspective or email\ntedweekends@huffingtonpost.com to learn about future weekend's ideas to\ncontribute as a writer.\n\nFollow Thomas Barta on Twitter: www.twitter.com/thomasbarta\n\nThomas Barta Leadership Expert, Speaker, MD of leadership firm actvance\n\n## MORE:\n\nLeadership Ted Talks Inspiration The Power Of Purpose Thomas Barta\n\nWant to Inspire People? Turn Your Spark Into a Flame\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * Careers\n * Archive\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n\n©2017 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost • HPMG News\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.forbes.com/sites/85broads/2014/04/08/why-you-should-be-writing-down-your-goals/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190320215002/https://www.forbes.com/sites/85broads/2014/04/08/why-you-should-be-writing-down-your-goals/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Why You Should Be Writing Down Your Goals", "passages": [ "We hear a lot about the importance of goal-setting but most of us don’t have clear and measurable goals to work toward. Lewis Carroll says, “Any road will get you there, if you don’t know where you are going,” but how important are goals really and if they are vital, how can we make them most effective?", "According to a study done by Gail Matthews at Dominican University, those who wrote down their goals accomplished significantly more than those who did not write down their goals. Who doesn’t want to accomplish significantly more? Here are four steps to creating clear and measurable goals that will lead you to huge success.", "The first step to creating a goal is to figure out what you want. If you don’t know what you want, you don’t know what you need to achieve to get there. This is actually the fun part. You get to dream. What do you really want to create for yourself? What does your ideal life look like? Don’t be afraid to think big. Take fifteen minutes and document your vision. Take note of the details. What does your day look like? Where are you living? Try to incorporate all senses in your vision to make it most effective. What do you see, hear, smell, taste and feel throughout this ideal day?", "Take your vision and turn it into a written list of concrete goals. If in your ideal world you are working for yourself, one of your goals might be to start your own company. Choose an achievable time frame to accomplish your goals as well as measurable details so you know exactly when you’ve achieved them. What exactly does it mean to start your own company? Make sure to set yourself up for success by creating goals that are realistic and achievable in the given time-frame.", "Most of our goals are a build-up of small achievements, sometimes even years of many small successes. Break your goals into small actionable steps and assign realistic time frames to each. Continue to break big steps into smaller and smaller steps until goals seem less daunting and achievable. Benchmarks are a great way to keep you on track. You may find you are moving more quickly or slowly than you expected. That’s not a problem, you can adjust! Adjust your expectations and timeline as you gather more information while achieving your benchmarks.", "I believe the most important part of goal-setting is celebrating our successes. How will you reward yourself for hitting your benchmarks along the way? How will you celebrate once you’ve reached your goal? As we journey to the realization of our goals, it’s important to remember our vision. Why we want something can provide us with the motivation and determination to continue to work toward it even when things don’t go as planned or are more difficult than we anticipated.", "From now on, choose to be among the most successful people and write down your goals. Create a vision for what you want, turn that into a list of measurable goals, set benchmarks and celebrate your successes along the way.", "Ashley Feinstein Gerstley is a money coach demystifying the world of money and personal finance. Get her exclusive how-to guide “30 Days to Financial Bliss” – free for Forbes readers.", "Ellevate Network is a global network of professional women committed to elevating each other through education, inspiration, and opportunity. Our mission is to close the..." ] }, "parsed_md": "Why You Should Be Writing Down Your Goals\n\n * Billionaires\n\n * All Billionaires\n * World's Billionaires\n * Forbes 400\n * America's Richest Self-Made Women\n * China's Richest\n * India's Richest\n * Indonesia's Richest\n * Korea's Richest\n * Thailand's Richest\n * Japan's Richest\n * Australia's Richest\n * Taiwan's Richest\n * Singapore's Richest\n * Philippines' Richest\n * Hong Kong's Richest\n * Malaysia's Richest\n * Innovation\n\n * All Innovation\n * AI & Big Data\n * AppDynamics BrandVoice\n * Cloud 100 2018\n * Consumer Tech\n * Cybersecurity\n * Enterprise & Cloud\n * ExtraHop BrandVoice\n * Games\n * Green Tech\n * Healthcare\n * Japan BrandVoice\n * Oracle BrandVoice\n * SAP BrandVoice\n * Science\n * ServiceNow BrandVoice\n * Sharing Economy\n * Smartsheet BrandVoice\n * Social Media\n * Venture Capital\n * Leadership\n\n * All Leadership\n * Careers\n * CMO Network\n * Deloitte BrandVoice\n * Diversity & Inclusion\n * Education\n * Entrepreneurs\n * ForbesWomen\n * Franchises\n * Leadership Strategy\n * Small Business\n * Under 30\n * Workday BrandVoice\n * Money\n\n * All Money\n * Banking & Insurance\n * Crypto & Blockchain\n * ETFs & Mutual Funds\n * Fintech\n * Hedge Funds & Private Equity\n * Investing\n * Markets\n * Personal Finance\n * Retirement\n * Taxes\n * Impact Partners BrandVoice\n * Wealth Management\n * Consumer\n\n * All Consumer\n * Food & Drink\n * Hollywood & Entertainment\n * Media\n * Real Estate\n * Retail\n * SportsMoney\n * Industry\n\n * All Industry\n * Aerospace & Defense\n * Energy\n * Manufacturing\n * Policy\n * Transportation\n * Mitsubishi Heavy Industries BrandVoice\n * Lifestyle\n\n * All Lifestyle\n * Arts\n * Boats & Planes\n * Capital One BrandVoice\n * Cars & Bikes\n * Cole Haan BrandVoice\n * Dining & Drinking\n * Forbes Travel Guide\n * ForbesLife\n * Watches & Jewelry\n * Travel\n * Vices\n * Featured\n\n * 30 Under 30 2019\n * Drexel University BrandVoice: Relevance Rules\n * Fintech 50 2019\n * Forbes8\n * Forbes 400\n * Forbes Daily Cover Stories\n * Forbes Editors' Picks\n * Forbes Insights: AI\n * Forbes Insights: AI: A CXO Strategy Guide\n * Forbes Video\n * Humanity AI\n * Pivotal Moments: The Making Of A Small Giant\n * The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society BrandVoice: Champions of Hope\n * BrandVoice\n\n * AppDynamics\n * Capital One\n * Cole Haan\n * Deloitte\n * ExtraHop\n * Impact Partners\n * Japan\n * Mitsubishi Heavy Industries\n * Oracle\n * SAP\n * ServiceNow\n * Smartsheet\n * Workday\n * Lists\n\nApr 8, 2014, 10:53am\n\n# Why You Should Be Writing Down Your Goals\n\nEllevate\n\nContributor\n\nOpinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own.\n\nForbes Woman We share our expertise on leadership, business skills and more.\n\nBy Ashley Feinstein\n\nWhy You Should Be Writing Down Your Goals\n\nWe hear a lot about the importance of goal-setting but most of us don’t have\nclear and measurable goals to work toward. Lewis Carroll says, “Any road will\nget you there, if you don’t know where you are going,” but how important are\ngoals really and if they are vital, how can we make them most effective?\n\nAccording to a study done by Gail Matthews at Dominican University, those who\nwrote down their goals accomplished significantly more than those who did not\nwrite down their goals. Who doesn’t want to accomplish significantly more?\nHere are four steps to creating clear and measurable goals that will lead you\nto huge success.\n\nCreate a Vision\n\nThe first step to creating a goal is to figure out what you want. If you don’t\nknow what you want, you don’t know what you need to achieve to get there. This\nis actually the fun part. You get to dream. What do you really want to create\nfor yourself? What does your ideal life look like? Don’t be afraid to think\nbig. Take fifteen minutes and document your vision. Take note of the details.\nWhat does your day look like? Where are you living? Try to incorporate all\nsenses in your vision to make it most effective. What do you see, hear, smell,\ntaste and feel throughout this ideal day?\n\nMake it Measurable\n\nTake your vision and turn it into a written list of concrete goals. If in your\nideal world you are working for yourself, one of your goals might be to start\nyour own company. Choose an achievable time frame to accomplish your goals as\nwell as measurable details so you know exactly when you’ve achieved them. What\nexactly does it mean to start your own company? Make sure to set yourself up\nfor success by creating goals that are realistic and achievable in the given\ntime-frame.\n\nSet Benchmarks\n\nMost of our goals are a build-up of small achievements, sometimes even years\nof many small successes. Break your goals into small actionable steps and\nassign realistic time frames to each. Continue to break big steps into smaller\nand smaller steps until goals seem less daunting and achievable. Benchmarks\nare a great way to keep you on track. You may find you are moving more quickly\nor slowly than you expected. That’s not a problem, you can adjust! Adjust your\nexpectations and timeline as you gather more information while achieving your\nbenchmarks.\n\nCelebrate Your Success\n\nI believe the most important part of goal-setting is celebrating our\nsuccesses. How will you reward yourself for hitting your benchmarks along the\nway? How will you celebrate once you’ve reached your goal? As we journey to\nthe realization of our goals, it’s important to remember our vision. Why we\nwant something can provide us with the motivation and determination to\ncontinue to work toward it even when things don’t go as planned or are more\ndifficult than we anticipated.\n\nFrom now on, choose to be among the most successful people and write down your\ngoals. Create a vision for what you want, turn that into a list of measurable\ngoals, set benchmarks and celebrate your successes along the way.\n\nAshley Feinstein Gerstley is a money coach demystifying the world of money and\npersonal finance. Get her exclusive how-to guide “30 Days to Financial Bliss”\n– free for Forbes readers.\n\nEllevate\n\nContributor\n\nEllevate Network is a global network of professional women committed to\nelevating each other through education, inspiration, and opportunity. Our\nmission is to close the...\n\n * Print\n * Site Feedback\n * Tips\n * Corrections\n * Reprints & Permissions\n * Terms\n * Privacy\n\n * ©2019 Forbes Media LLC. All Rights Reserved.\n * AdChoices\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.teentech.com/how-to-be-an-inspiration/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210303180820/https://www.teentech.com/how-to-be-an-inspiration/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to be an inspiration ...", "passages": [ "If you work in Science and Tech and want to help young people see the opportunities in your industry it’s helpful to understand the difference between being an inspiration and being a turn off.", "Research shows one off interventions may re-inforce decisions which students have already made but won’t necessarily convince the ‘floating voter’. So consider how you can build long term relationships with schools and work with students on projects like the TeenTech Awards. Think about how best to reach the students you most need to reach. The ones who are perhaps oblivious to their own potential. Remember they may find it much easier to relate to apprentices and graduate trainees than to your CEO, who may impress but leave them thinking they could never achieve the same heights.", "But here are some tips from teachers who have contributed to the Digital Skills For Tomorrow’s World report on what really helps if you want to work with their students. Everyone wants your visit or engagment to be a big success and there are some helpful ideas here", "‘Find out as much as you can about the students. Make sure you contact the teacher and discuss your plans before your visit. Teachers understand their students and will offer good suggestions for how to make the session work well”", "‘Run sessions which explain opportunities and routes to particular forms of employment. I often feel that careers advisors give poor advice and often pupils are not honest with them.’", "‘Making them understand they CAN do it and be part of the future – that it is not just for people from the South/public schools etc’", "‘You need to inspire students and share your own experiences & beginnings, most students do not aim high enough & realise most professionals were like them once’", "‘Don’t try to be ‘cool’ to relate to ‘the kids’. It’s so frustrating when companies don’t enlist the help of teachers to plan such events.’", "‘Many speakers are so DULL. Avoid using language that the students don’t understand. Remember you are talking to children, not adults, with short attention spans. Some bore the students, they need to be entertainers.As a teacher I often feel like I should be doing a dance at the front of the class to keep them interested, so therefore it has to be interactive’", "‘There’s a tendency to assume that they already know what is required or what is best for others. Tendency to preach rather than listen’", "‘One came into our school and told the students he didn’t pass some GCSEs but did OK for himself...then compounded this by announcing that he wasn’t even a technical professional, he just did presentations for them around the country! Disaster!’", "‘Pitching the subject matter at the wrong age range...what might seem interesting to the company might not be interesting for the students.’" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to be an inspiration ... | TeenTech\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * RSS\n\n * Contact Us\n\nSelect Page\n\n# How to be an inspiration ...\n\nJan 23, 2015 | Featured, News | 0 comments\n\nIf you work in Science and Tech and want to help young people see the\nopportunities in your industry it’s helpful to understand the difference\nbetween being an inspiration and being a turn off.\n\nResearch shows one off interventions may re-inforce decisions which students\nhave already made but won’t necessarily convince the ‘floating voter’. So\nconsider how you can build long term relationships with schools and work with\nstudents on projects like the TeenTech Awards. Think about how best to reach\nthe students you most need to reach. The ones who are perhaps oblivious to\ntheir own potential. Remember they may find it much easier to relate to\napprentices and graduate trainees than to your CEO, who may impress but leave\nthem thinking they could never achieve the same heights.\n\nAt TeenTech we run workshops to help organisations learn how to communicate\npowerfully with young people and their parents.\n\nBut here are some tips from teachers who have contributed to the Digital\nSkills For Tomorrow’s World report on what really helps if you want to work\nwith their students. Everyone wants your visit or engagment to be a big\nsuccess and there are some helpful ideas here\n\nIf you have further suggestions, please add them.\n\n## What works\n\n‘Explaining the links between curricular material and what lies ahead in HE\nand the workplace’\n\n‘Making sessions ‘hands-on’ or interactive’\n\n‘Find out as much as you can about the students. Make sure you contact the\nteacher and discuss your plans before your visit. Teachers understand their\nstudents and will offer good suggestions for how to make the session work\nwell”\n\n‘Run sessions which explain opportunities and routes to particular forms of\nemployment. I often feel that careers advisors give poor advice and often\npupils are not honest with them.’\n\n‘Making them understand they CAN do it and be part of the future – that it is\nnot just for people from the South/public schools etc’\n\n‘You need to inspire students and share your own experiences & beginnings,\nmost students do not aim high enough & realise most professionals were like\nthem once’\n\n‘Students want to see how it is relevant to them, what they need to do to get\nthere’\n\n‘Tell them how much you can earn. They are materialistic in a lot of ways’\n\n‘Provide materials so the teacher can run your activity with other classes.’\n\n## What to avoid\n\n‘Don’t try to be ‘cool’ to relate to ‘the kids’. It’s so frustrating when\ncompanies don’t enlist the help of teachers to plan such events.’\n\n‘Many speakers are so DULL. Avoid using language that the students don’t\nunderstand. Remember you are talking to children, not adults, with short\nattention spans. Some bore the students, they need to be entertainers.As a\nteacher I often feel like I should be doing a dance at the front of the class\nto keep them interested, so therefore it has to be interactive’\n\n‘There’s a tendency to assume that they already know what is required or what\nis best for others. Tendency to preach rather than listen’\n\n‘Trying to hijack events/resources for profit/their own benefit’\n\n‘One came into our school and told the students he didn’t pass some GCSEs but\ndid OK for himself...then compounded this by announcing that he wasn’t even a\ntechnical professional, he just did presentations for them around the country!\nDisaster!’\n\n‘Pitching the subject matter at the wrong age range...what might seem\ninteresting to the company might not be interesting for the students.’\n\n‘Too much talking and not enough hands on activities’\n\n### Submit a Comment Cancel reply\n\n#### News\n\n * Half-Term TeenTech Live Workshops\n * Our TeenTech CEO Is Recognised as a WISE 2020 Winner\n * Summer of TeenTech Innovation Days at Home\n * TeenTech Awards 2020 Winners\n * TeenTech’s Future of Transport Innovation Day at Home with Rolls-Royce\n\n#### News\n\n * Half-Term TeenTech Live Workshops\n * Our TeenTech CEO Is Recognised as a WISE 2020 Winner\n * Summer of TeenTech Innovation Days at Home\n * TeenTech Awards 2020 Winners\n * TeenTech’s Future of Transport Innovation Day at Home with Rolls-Royce\n\n#### TeenTech City of Tomorrow\n\n * Buildings from our TeenTech City of Tomorrow at Home – Week 14\n\n * Buildings from our TeenTech City of Tomorrow at Home – Week 13\n\n * Buildings from our TeenTech City of Tomorrow at Home – Week 12\n\n#### Upcoming Events\n\n 1. #### TeenTech Innovation Live: Space\n\nMarch 5 @ 10:00 am - 11:00 am\n\n 2. #### TeenTech City of Tomorrow Live (Live Build Day)\n\nMarch 9 @ 10:00 am - 11:00 am\n\n 3. #### TeenTech Innovation Live: Future of Music\n\nMarch 10 @ 10:00 am - 11:00 am\n\nView All Events\n\n * Events\n * Awards\n * Sponsors\n * City of Tomorrow\n * About\n * News\n * Schools\n * Volunteering Opportunities\n * Press\n * Contact\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * RSS\n\nWebsite design by Chaos Created\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://inspiration.allwomenstalk.com:80/amazing-ways-to-inspire-someone-to-become-a-better-person/11", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170313185416/http://inspiration.allwomenstalk.com:80/amazing-ways-to-inspire-someone-to-become-a-better-person/11", "parsed_text": { "title": "11. Be Happy and Healthy", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "11\\. Be Happy and Healthy - 11 Amazing Ways to Inspire Someone toÔÇŽ\n\nInspiration\n\nM Alanna White\n\n11 Amazing Ways to Inspire Someone to Become a Better Person ...\n\n# 11\\. Be Happy and Healthy\n\nEating right, exercising, and staying positive are ways to lead a healthy and\nhappy life.\n\nThey help you to maintain a healthy body weight for you, which boosts your\nself-esteem.\n\nWhen you are happy and healthy, it shows and the positive energy is shared\nthroughout the universe.\n\nLeading others to goodness and a positive life presents a great example.\n\nIt leads to inspiration throughout your area, and more people will take\nnotice.\n\nWhat are some ways you have inspired others to become a better person?\n\nNext Story\n\n * How to Toughen up čĺ¬čĆ╝ for People Who Are Very Sensitive čśö ...\n * 7 Ways to a Healthy and Happy Tummy ...\n * 20 Quotes to Keep You Living Happy and Healthy ...\n * Top Tips for a Happy, Healthy Thanksgiving ...\n * 21 Quotes čĺş to Calm You down čśę when You're Feeling Confused čś× ...\n * Savvy Ways to Be Confidently čśü and Emotionally Stable čĹŹčĆ╝ ...\n\nBiggest pet peevesPotentially devastating newsShare positive\nreinforcementPositive lifeAmazing ways\n\n11 fa├žons ├ętonnantes d'inspirer quelqu'un ├á devenir une meilleure\npersonne...\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://inspiration.allwomenstalk.com/amazing-ways-to-inspire-someone-to-become-a-better-person/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423013908/https://inspiration.allwomenstalk.com/amazing-ways-to-inspire-someone-to-become-a-better-person/", "parsed_text": { "title": "11 Amazing Ways to Inspire Someone to Become a Better Person ...", "passages": [ "Becoming the inspiration for someone else is a great feeling, and it's further rewarding to learn the eleven amazing ways to inspire someone to become a better person. These methods allow you to help others to achieve a more positive life. Being a positive example is only the beginning. To achieve this exceptional task, let's learn the amazing ways to inspire someone to become a better person.", "Among the first steps in learning ways to inspire someone to become a better person is the elimination of negativity. This task is not as difficult as it sounds. You can start by identifying negative thoughts that have plagued you in the past and explain to others how you changed your way of thinking.", "Encourage them to treat others better and to share kind words. Encourage their dreams and aspirations. If they want to be a lawyer or a reality star, share positive reinforcement of these efforts. They could become the next Kelly Osbourne or Wilfred. Hey, everyone has a dream!", "Although it's not as instantly gratifying as the low road, taking the high road doesn't have the backlash. When someone does something cruel, rude, or just plain stupid toward you, don't give them the satisfaction of knowing that they got under your skin. I'm not telling you to refrain from standing up for yourself at all. I'm saying, smile and tell this d-bag \"thank you\" in a way that comes across as a polite version of \"time to dislodge the stick, Darling, someone needs the wood.\"", "Instead of proclaiming that you hate drama and finding yourself in the middle of it yet again, steer clear. Here's a new lesson. When someone tries to start it, choose not to participate, walk away, and continue this trend regardless of the ammo they believe they have. It's one of the most liberating feelings, ever!", "Here's a declaration to live by whenever you hear others gossiping, and they try to bring you to their level. As soon as gossip corner begins, say \"I don't share other people's business. If you need to know, ask them.\" This will save you so much time, energy, and it helps you to avoid unnecessary drama. One stray comment and the next thing you know, someone will pull you right in the middle of a situation in which you don't want to be.", "In leading someone to become a better person, there's one skill you should share with them. Teach them not to care what anyone thinks of them. Show them techniques that allow them to let comments and opinions just slip away and prevent any lasting effects.", "If you need to share some potentially devastating news with a friend, take care in how you say it. If you are going out with friends, and you don't like an outfit that your friend chooses to wear, don't be a jerk and share your opinions. Now, if she tucks their skirt into her panties — tell her!", "If you're out in public and notice someone being bullied, take action. I'm not asking you to jump in front of a bullet. I'm asking you to do something to prevent a potentially devastating occurrence. Statistics show that children who were bullied may choose suicide as a solution. Step in and stop this! Build the child back up and convince them that they are so much better than this bully and deserve a life of happiness. Bullying is a crime; it's time to stop it.", "Among my biggest pet peeves is disrespect. If you don't like someone, that's fine; you don't have to like them. But there's no point in being excessively disrespectful toward this person. It says a lot of bad things about you, and you don't want that. To make a positive impression on someone else you should remain respectful. You never know what another person is going through in their lives.", "Most communities have charities and organizations that help the needy. Regardless of your station in life, you should take advantage of any opportunity to help. You never know when you may need help in return.", "Eating right, exercising, and staying positive are ways to lead a healthy and happy life. They help you to maintain a healthy body weight for you, which boosts your self-esteem. When you are happy and healthy, it shows and the positive energy is shared throughout the universe.", "Leading others to goodness and a positive life presents a great example. It leads to inspiration throughout your area, and more people will take notice. What are some ways you have inspired others to become a better person?" ] }, "parsed_md": "11 Amazing Ways to Inspire Someone to Become a Better Person ...\n\ninspiration • ★★★★☆\n\n# 11 Amazing Ways to Inspire Someone to Become a Better Person ...\n\nBy Lane\n\nBecoming the inspiration for someone else is a great feeling, and it's further\nrewarding to learn the eleven amazing ways to inspire someone to become a\nbetter person. These methods allow you to help others to achieve a more\npositive life. Being a positive example is only the beginning. To achieve this\nexceptional task, let's learn the amazing ways to inspire someone to become a\nbetter person.\n\n## 1 Eliminate Negativity\n\nAmong the first steps in learning ways to inspire someone to become a better\nperson is the elimination of negativity. This task is not as difficult as it\nsounds. You can start by identifying negative thoughts that have plagued you\nin the past and explain to others how you changed your way of thinking.\n\n## 2 Encourage Others\n\nEncourage them to treat others better and to share kind words. Encourage their\ndreams and aspirations. If they want to be a lawyer or a reality star, share\npositive reinforcement of these efforts. They could become the next Kelly\nOsbourne or Wilfred. Hey, everyone has a dream!\n\n## 3 Take the High Road\n\nAlthough it's not as instantly gratifying as the low road, taking the high\nroad doesn't have the backlash. When someone does something cruel, rude, or\njust plain stupid toward you, don't give them the satisfaction of knowing that\nthey got under your skin. I'm not telling you to refrain from standing up for\nyourself at all. I'm saying, smile and tell this d-bag \"thank you\" in a way\nthat comes across as a polite version of \"time to dislodge the stick, Darling,\nsomeone needs the wood.\"\n\n## 4 Stop Participating in Drama\n\nInstead of proclaiming that you hate drama and finding yourself in the middle\nof it yet again, steer clear. Here's a new lesson. When someone tries to start\nit, choose not to participate, walk away, and continue this trend regardless\nof the ammo they believe they have. It's one of the most liberating feelings,\never!\n\n## 5 '86 the Gossip\n\nHere's a declaration to live by whenever you hear others gossiping, and they\ntry to bring you to their level. As soon as gossip corner begins, say \"I don't\nshare other people's business. If you need to know, ask them.\" This will save\nyou so much time, energy, and it helps you to avoid unnecessary drama. One\nstray comment and the next thing you know, someone will pull you right in the\nmiddle of a situation in which you don't want to be.\n\n## 6 Opinions Are like, Well, You Get the Picture\n\nIn leading someone to become a better person, there's one skill you should\nshare with them. Teach them not to care what anyone thinks of them. Show them\ntechniques that allow them to let comments and opinions just slip away and\nprevent any lasting effects.\n\n## 7 Be Honest, but Not a Jerk\n\nIf you need to share some potentially devastating news with a friend, take\ncare in how you say it. If you are going out with friends, and you don't like\nan outfit that your friend chooses to wear, don't be a jerk and share your\nopinions. Now, if she tucks their skirt into her panties — tell her!\n\n## 8 Stop Bullies\n\nIf you're out in public and notice someone being bullied, take action. I'm not\nasking you to jump in front of a bullet. I'm asking you to do something to\nprevent a potentially devastating occurrence. Statistics show that children\nwho were bullied may choose suicide as a solution. Step in and stop this!\nBuild the child back up and convince them that they are so much better than\nthis bully and deserve a life of happiness. Bullying is a crime; it's time to\nstop it.\n\n## 9 Be Respectful\n\nAmong my biggest pet peeves is disrespect. If you don't like someone, that's\nfine; you don't have to like them. But there's no point in being excessively\ndisrespectful toward this person. It says a lot of bad things about you, and\nyou don't want that. To make a positive impression on someone else you should\nremain respectful. You never know what another person is going through in\ntheir lives.\n\n## 10 Help Whenever You Can\n\nMost communities have charities and organizations that help the needy.\nRegardless of your station in life, you should take advantage of any\nopportunity to help. You never know when you may need help in return.\n\n## 11 Be Happy and Healthy\n\nEating right, exercising, and staying positive are ways to lead a healthy and\nhappy life. They help you to maintain a healthy body weight for you, which\nboosts your self-esteem. When you are happy and healthy, it shows and the\npositive energy is shared throughout the universe.\n\nLeading others to goodness and a positive life presents a great example. It\nleads to inspiration throughout your area, and more people will take notice.\nWhat are some ways you have inspired others to become a better person?\n\nPlease rate this article\n\n☆☆☆☆☆\n\nMore\n\ndiet\n\n9 Things to Try when Diets Dont Work ...\n\nhealth\n\n7 Reasons It is More Important to Be Healthy Not Skinny ...\n\nlifestyle\n\n7 Great Ways to Become a Great Conversationalist ...\n\nlifestyle\n\n8 Ways to Make Yourself a Better Person ...\n\ninspiration\n\n7 Ways to Look on the Bright Side ...\n\nBack to home\n\n© 2020 ALLWOMENSTALK.COM\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.robinsharma.com:80/blog/02/22-ways-to-become-spectacularly-inspirational-2/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170915053227/http://www.robinsharma.com:80/blog/02/22-ways-to-become-spectacularly-inspirational-2/", "parsed_text": { "title": "22 Ways to Become Spectacularly Inspirational", "passages": [ "10. Run your own race. “No one can possibly achieve real and lasting success by being a conformist,” wrote billionaire J. Paul Getty", "18. Reflect on the words of Eleanor Roosevelt who said: “Great minds discuss ideas; Average minds discuss events; Small minds discuss people.”", "This entry is filed under Business Mastery, Health, Leadership, Personal Development. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.", "Your books are great. I have read “The Greatness Guide” and “Discover your Destiny” and coud not take my eyes from them. Discover your destiny has made me realised how we as “Human Beings” tend to forget the simple things that make life so wonderful.", "We need people like you to bring us down to earth and to keep the little flame present in each one of us to light continuously with a view to make this world better.", "For the past two days, I am going through your GREATNESS GUIDE 2. I could not conceal my deep appreciation for the wonderful work you are doing in enhancing the quality of our lives by giving your sharp, insightful and precise tips which I personally feel one should imbibe. I always believe that “It does not matter how long you have lived, but does matter what quality of life you lead ”", "Robin Sharma has reinvented me and my friends through the great books he has written.I am shining and expressing my absolute best in every thing i do.Thank you Robin for turning around my life completely.", "Hi robin, Thanks for sharing these valuable thoughts with us, which I find very useful in every way. It helps to enhance the quality of our lives by enriching ,providing your deep meaningful ,insightful and precious tips which I find very interesting .Keep up with good work. May god bless you now and always.", "I saw the “greatness guide” on a guest’s table at the Hotel I Worked at as an Intern..I put my house-keepin aside and illegally turned the pages of the book. I fell madly in Love and Couldnt Stop flippin the pages everytime i walked into that room.... I introduced ur books to my mum after and She Cant get enough of ur quotes!!!!!!", "Hi Robin Sir, Thank you for giving us great Knowledge, Leadership Skills, and many more good things. I want to meet you.", "Ever since i came to know about you, i started buying books, reading them, getting inspirted and start implmenting small small things in my day today life.... I often go through lot of tips you keep sharing.... After leaning and experiencing things from your books, i started gifting the books to my close friends and relatives on important occasions thinking that they can also get motivated and inspired....", "Not sure whether i will be able to make a trip abrod to attend your program.... but certainly for sure to attend if you arrange something in Bangalore, India, i will be the first person to enroll for the program.... Till such time while i wait patiently for that to happen, i keep reading your books, watch your videos and tips to change my self further and grow....", "You are really doing a wonderful job by changing the lives of so many people with your books, videos and tips.... Keep up the good work and god bless you.....", "Dear Sir, On 18th 2014 May i purchaesd your book titled WHO WILL CRY WHEN YOU DIE.That book is really good for me as i am facing some problems in my life. I will ovewrcome this passing phase in my life.", "Hello there Robin. I read your book “The Monk Who Sold His Ferrari” and the book changed my views ofife. Whenever I feel down, I always pick up the book and read it over and over again. It really is one inspiring book and it has become my ultimate favorite. I recommended the book to everyone I know. Thank you for the amazing book that inspired me and I’m sure millions out there. Keep doing the great job!", "Dear sir Robin Sharma, Thank you so much for all the beautiful tips that you inspired my life wonderfully.its motivate me when’re I’m so down..you inspired everyone in this world amazingly..keep motivating us...", "Hi MR: Robin, Am Ssemwogerere Ronald, Africa/Uganda. I started reading with the ” THE MONK WHO SOLD HIS FERRARI” and “WHO WILL CRY WHEN YOU DIE,” it gave me the starting point in life having nursed the wounds of orphanhood from a tender age. Over time all people arround me say am becoming a better person, i also see it every other day. I have given several speeches while in high school, it worked out the meaning and changed a few lives. From then i percieved and conceived there is alot more music with in me, i took on inspirational speaking as GODS call for me, an avenue through which i can cause a change on the face of this universe!! Thanx a million brother!!", "hi robin i read the greatness guide 2 . it is really an inspiring book . each chapters are changing my life . thank you robin" ] }, "parsed_md": "22 Ways to Become Spectacularly Inspirational | Robin Sharma's Blog\n\n * BOOKS\n * STORE\n * SPEAKING\n * EVENTS\n * FREE TOOLS\n * WHO WE ARE\n * CONTACT\n * COACHING\n\n## Robin Sharma's Blog\n\n * Blog\n * Podcasts\n * Robin's Favorites\n * You Tube\n * Leadership Assessment\n\n#### SUBSCRIBE\n\n#### FEATURED RESOURCES\n\n#### Latest News\n\n * ## Popular Leadership Posts\n\n60 Tips For A Stunningly Great Life50 New Rules of WorkRobin's 73 Best\nBusiness and Success LessonsHow To Make This Year Your Best Year Yet22 Ways To\nBecome Spectacularly Inspirational15 Ways To Do Your Best WorkYou Can't Lead\nIn FearThe 8 Faces of Exceptionally Creative LeadersMy 3 Best Keys To Super\nProductivityA New Years Gift From Robin11 Obsessions of Remarkable\nEntrepreneursThe Saboteur: The Real Reason You ProcrastinateThe Rare Art of\nCustomer Delight\n\n * ## Search\n\n#### FOLLOW ROBIN\n\n#### ROBIN LIVE\n\nLearn More\n\n« Be Strong to Be Useful\n\nPomegranates + Patience »\n\n## 22 Ways to Become Spectacularly Inspirational\n\n1\\. Do important work vs. merely offering opinions.\n\n2\\. Lift people up vs. tear others down.\n\n3\\. Use the words of leadership vs. the language of victimhood.\n\n4\\. Don’t worry about getting the credit for getting things done.\n\n5\\. Become part of the solution rather than part of the problem.\n\n6\\. Take your health to a level called superfit.\n\n7\\. Commit to mastery of your craft instead of accepting mediocrity in your\nwork.\n\n8\\. Associate with people whose lives you want to be living.\n\n9\\. Study for an hour a day. Double your learning and you’ll triple your\nsuccess.\n\n10\\. Run your own race. “No one can possibly achieve real and lasting success\nby being a conformist,” wrote billionaire J. Paul Getty\n\n11\\. Do something small yet scary every single day.\n\n12\\. Lead Without a Title.\n\n13\\. Focus on people’s strengths vs. obsessing around their weaknesses.\n\n14\\. Remember that potential unused turns into pain. So dedicate yourself to\nexpressing your best.\n\n15\\. Smile more.\n\n16\\. Listen more.\n\n17\\. Read the autobiography of Nelson Mandela.\n\n18\\. Reflect on the words of Eleanor Roosevelt who said: “Great minds discuss\nideas; Average minds discuss events; Small minds discuss people.”\n\n19\\. Persist longer than the critics suggest you should.\n\n20\\. Say “please” and “thank you”.\n\n21\\. Love your loved ones.\n\n22\\. Do work that matters.\n\nPlease share this post:\n\n### Comments\n\ncomments\n\nThis entry is filed under Business Mastery, Health, Leadership, Personal\nDevelopment. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0\nfeed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.\n\n### 68 Responses to “22 Ways to Become Spectacularly Inspirational”\n\n« Older Comments\n\n 1. DOLLY DWIVEDI says:\n\nAugust 23, 2013 at 12:34 pm\n\nMr.Robin sharma,\n\ni read your book “The Greatness Guide”,very motivating,sir thanks fr publishng\nsuch books,\n\nyour influence will be known by the person who is ailing mentally,really\ngreat..yu encouraged me lot..Hatsoff..\n\nLots of respect and love.\n\nKeep going with such books and we will keep following yu.\n\nThanks Regards\n\n 2. sangi krishna says:\n\nAugust 27, 2013 at 3:33 pm\n\nThank you Robin :) I’love you Doing a Great job ...!!!!!\n\n 3. kursline Lamy says:\n\nAugust 28, 2013 at 4:05 am\n\nHi Mr R.Sharma\n\nYour books are great. I have read “The Greatness Guide” and “Discover your\nDestiny” and coud not take my eyes from them. Discover your destiny has made\nme realised how we as “Human Beings” tend to forget the simple things that\nmake life so wonderful.\n\nWe need people like you to bring us down to earth and to keep the little flame\npresent in each one of us to light continuously with a view to make this world\nbetter.\n\nThanks loads\n\nRegards\n\n 4. Rama Rao Goparaju says:\n\nSeptember 16, 2013 at 6:05 am\n\nDear Mr.Robin Sharma,\n\nFor the past two days, I am going through your GREATNESS GUIDE 2. I could not\nconceal my deep appreciation for the wonderful work you are doing in enhancing\nthe quality of our lives by giving your sharp, insightful and precise tips\nwhich I personally feel one should imbibe. I always believe that “It does not\nmatter how long you have lived, but does matter what quality of life you lead\n”\n\nRegards and best wishes,\n\nRama Rao Goparaju\n\n 5. Mamo Akale says:\n\nOctober 4, 2013 at 5:25 am\n\nRobin Sharma has reinvented me and my friends through the great books he has\nwritten.I am shining and expressing my absolute best in every thing i do.Thank\nyou Robin for turning around my life completely.\n\n 6. iranga siriwardana says:\n\nOctober 14, 2013 at 4:28 am\n\nHi robin, Thanks for sharing these valuable thoughts with us, which I find\nvery useful in every way. It helps to enhance the quality of our lives by\nenriching ,providing your deep meaningful ,insightful and precious tips which\nI find very interesting .Keep up with good work. May god bless you now and\nalways.\n\nREGARDS,\n\nMR IRANGA SIRIWARDANA Sri lanka\n\n 7. Tezra Kisakye says:\n\nMarch 24, 2014 at 4:05 am\n\nI saw the “greatness guide” on a guest’s table at the Hotel I Worked at as an\nIntern..I put my house-keepin aside and illegally turned the pages of the\nbook. I fell madly in Love and Couldnt Stop flippin the pages everytime i\nwalked into that room.... I introduced ur books to my mum after and She Cant\nget enough of ur quotes!!!!!!\n\nmy mum Loves You**\n\nAnd You inspire us greatly...Your books are Ultimately the perfect bliss.....\n\n 8. Lakshman says:\n\nApril 5, 2014 at 4:10 pm\n\nI inspired... I will adopt all these..\n\n 9. Ashish Sherkar says:\n\nApril 20, 2014 at 3:45 pm\n\nHi Robin Sir, Thank you for giving us great Knowledge, Leadership Skills, and\nmany more good things. I want to meet you.\n\n 10. Umesh M says:\n\nMay 9, 2014 at 7:57 am\n\nDear Robin,\n\nEver since i came to know about you, i started buying books, reading them,\ngetting inspirted and start implmenting small small things in my day today\nlife.... I often go through lot of tips you keep sharing.... After leaning and\nexperiencing things from your books, i started gifting the books to my close\nfriends and relatives on important occasions thinking that they can also get\nmotivated and inspired....\n\nNot sure whether i will be able to make a trip abrod to attend your\nprogram.... but certainly for sure to attend if you arrange something in\nBangalore, India, i will be the first person to enroll for the program....\nTill such time while i wait patiently for that to happen, i keep reading your\nbooks, watch your videos and tips to change my self further and grow....\n\nYou are really doing a wonderful job by changing the lives of so many people\nwith your books, videos and tips.... Keep up the good work and god bless\nyou.....\n\nWarm regards Umesh\n\n 11. Amit Lele says:\n\nMay 19, 2014 at 1:25 am\n\nDear Sir, On 18th 2014 May i purchaesd your book titled WHO WILL CRY WHEN YOU\nDIE.That book is really good for me as i am facing some problems in my life. I\nwill ovewrcome this passing phase in my life.\n\nThank you\n\nAmit Lele Mumbai India\n\n 12. BALASAHEB PAWAR says:\n\nSeptember 9, 2014 at 5:28 am\n\nDear Robin,\n\nThank you for wonderful tips ,how simple ides can make happy life.\n\nthanks a lot\n\nBALASAHEB\n\n 13. natashaishak says:\n\nDecember 17, 2014 at 11:06 pm\n\nHello there Robin. I read your book “The Monk Who Sold His Ferrari” and the\nbook changed my views ofife. Whenever I feel down, I always pick up the book\nand read it over and over again. It really is one inspiring book and it has\nbecome my ultimate favorite. I recommended the book to everyone I know. Thank\nyou for the amazing book that inspired me and I’m sure millions out there.\nKeep doing the great job!\n\n 14. R V Ganga says:\n\nDecember 21, 2014 at 8:28 am\n\nDear sir Robin Sharma, Thank you so much for all the beautiful tips that you\ninspired my life wonderfully.its motivate me when’re I’m so down..you inspired\neveryone in this world amazingly..keep motivating us...\n\n 15. tejas shetty says:\n\nDecember 23, 2014 at 11:06 pm\n\nDear Sir, Thank you for being such a hero in my life and keep inspiring the\nworld\n\n 16. ssemwogerere Ronald CK says:\n\nJanuary 19, 2015 at 6:22 am\n\nHi MR: Robin, Am Ssemwogerere Ronald, Africa/Uganda. I started reading with\nthe ” THE MONK WHO SOLD HIS FERRARI” and “WHO WILL CRY WHEN YOU DIE,” it gave\nme the starting point in life having nursed the wounds of orphanhood from a\ntender age. Over time all people arround me say am becoming a better person, i\nalso see it every other day. I have given several speeches while in high\nschool, it worked out the meaning and changed a few lives. From then i\npercieved and conceived there is alot more music with in me, i took on\ninspirational speaking as GODS call for me, an avenue through which i can\ncause a change on the face of this universe!! Thanx a million brother!!\n\n 17. roy says:\n\nMarch 13, 2015 at 3:20 pm\n\nhi robin i read the greatness guide 2 . it is really an inspiring book . each\nchapters are changing my life . thank you robin\n\n 18. DHARMIK BAGTHARIYA says:\n\nJanuary 28, 2016 at 7:38 pm\n\nFull of inspirational nd energy Keep it up sir\n\n« Older Comments\n\n### Leave a Reply\n\nClick here to cancel reply.\n\nExplore\n\n * Leadership Books\n * Leadership Speaking\n * Leadership Events\n * Company\n * Our Clients\n\nStore\n\n * Books\n * Audio\n * Video\n * robinsharmaTV\n\nResources\n\n * Site Map\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact\n\n#### The Robin Sharma Foundation for Children.\n\nSee how you can support the leaders of our future\n\nFollow Robin\n\n© 2017 The Titan Academy Global AG. All rights reserved.\n\nMunzgasse 6 | Luzern CH-6003 | Switzerland\n\nContact: support@robinsharma.com or call us +1-416-962-7900\n\nTerms of Use | Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://inspiration.allwomenstalk.com:80/amazing-ways-to-inspire-someone-to-become-a-better-person/2", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170403010019/http://inspiration.allwomenstalk.com:80/amazing-ways-to-inspire-someone-to-become-a-better-person/2", "parsed_text": { "title": "2. Encourage Others", "passages": [ "10 Ways to Bring Control ⚛️ to Your Life 🌎 when You Feel You've Spun 🌀 out of It ..." ] }, "parsed_md": "2\\. Encourage Others - 11 Amazing Ways to Inspire Someone to Become a...\n\nInspiration\n\nM Alanna White\n\n11 Amazing Ways to Inspire Someone to Become a Better Person ...\n\n# 2\\. Encourage Others\n\nEncourage them to treat others better and to share kind words.\n\nEncourage their dreams and aspirations.\n\nIf they want to be a lawyer or a reality star, share positive reinforcement of\nthese efforts.\n\nThey could become the next Kelly Osbourne or Wilfred.\n\nHey, everyone has a dream!\n\nNext\n\n * 7 Points to Encourage You if You Failed Your Driving Test ...\n * 7 Reasons Why You Should Encourage Sports as a Parent ...\n * 7 Ways to Encourage Good Eating Habits in Children ...\n * 7 Tips for Encouraging Individuality in Twins ...\n * 10 Ways to Bring Control ⚛️ to Your Life 🌎 when You Feel You've Spun 🌀 out of It ...\n * 7 Great Websites to Go on when You're Bored ✌️ ...\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inspiration", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506101735/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inspiration", "parsed_text": { "title": "Definition of Inspiration by Merriam-Webster", "passages": [ "4a : a divine influence or action on a person believed to qualify him or her to receive and communicate sacred revelation", "Inspiration has an unusual history in that its figurative sense appears to predate its literal one. It comes from the Latin inspiratus (the past participle of inspirare, “to breathe into, inspire”) and in English has had the meaning “the drawing of air into the lungs” since the middle of the 16th century. This breathing sense is still in common use among doctors, as is expiration (“the act or process of releasing air from the lungs”). However, before inspiration was used to refer to breath it had a distinctly theological meaning in English, referring to a divine influence upon a person, from a divine entity; this sense dates back to the early 14th century. The sense of inspiration often found today (“someone or something that inspires”) is considerably newer than either of these two senses, dating from the 19th century.", "Where does the inspiration for your art come from? His paintings take their inspiration from nature. She had a sudden inspiration. They would have the party outdoors! Deciding to have the party outdoors was sheer inspiration.", "Recent Examples on the Web Now, the soccer team has a chance to be an inspiration for all sports in the district, and to provide lifetime memories for the players involved. — Greg Riddle, Dallas News, \"Rockwall-Heath has a shot at UIL boys soccer history in the 6A state final — just don’t call them a Cinderella story,\" 16 Apr. 2021 So the graduation collection was an inspiration of merging two identities. — Laird Borrelli-persson, Vogue, \"Mona M. Ali Is Making Change in the Scandinavian Fashion Community,\" 12 Apr. 2021 Robert Pasin, and his experience is inspiration for work-life, fulfillment and happiness. — Tracy Brower, Forbes, \"What The CEO Of Radio Flyer Can Teach Us About Happiness And Work-Life,\" 12 Apr. 2021 Bo la lot, in fact, was basically the inspiration for his business. — Washington Post, \"Taste Vietnam through these 7 dishes at Eden Center, including banh mi, roast duck and skewers,\" 5 Apr. 2021 The final first-class meal ever served on the Titanic is the inspiration for a theatrical dining experience running from April 16 to May 9 at The Goodwin hotel in Hartford. — Susan Dunne, courant.com, \"A Titanic mystery is the subject of new theatrical dinner experience at Goodwin hotel in Hartford,\" 1 Apr. 2021 Those bicycles were the inspiration, of course, for the ride vehicles in E.T. Adventure, right down to the handlebars. — Dewayne Bevil, orlandosentinel.com, \"Universal CityWalk: Legacy Store spotlights old times, new decor,\" 31 Mar. 2021 Holness' triathlon endeavors has proven to be an inspiration for families of disabled children in the UK. — Tomas Meehan, CNN, \"Sam Holness hopes to use autism 'superpower' at Ironman World Championship,\" 26 Mar. 2021 Eighteenth-century mathematician, philosopher, and prodigy Maria Gaetana Agnesi was the inspiration for Agnesi 1799 Brandy. — Patricia Doherty, Travel + Leisure, \"This Female Distiller Released a Line of Spirits Dedicated to Incredible Women Throughout History,\" 18 Mar. 2021", "These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'inspiration.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.", ": something that makes someone want to do something or that gives someone an idea about what to do or create : a force or influence that inspires someone", "What made you want to look up inspiration? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible)." ] }, "parsed_md": "Inspiration | Definition of Inspiration by Merriam-Webster\n\nSINCE 1828\n\nLogin or Register\n\nHello,\n\nGAMES THESAURUS WORD OF THE DAY BLOG SHOP SETTINGS\n\n * SAVED WORDS view recents\n\n# inspiration\n\nnoun\n\nSave Word\n\nin·spi·ra·tion | \\ ˌin(t)-spə-ˈrā-shən , -(ˌ)spi- \\\n\n## Definition of inspiration\n\n1 : an inspiring agent or influence\n\n2a : the quality or state of being inspired\n\nb : something that is inspired a scheme that was pure inspiration\n\n3 : the act of drawing in specifically : the drawing of air into the lungs\n\n4a : a divine influence or action on a person believed to qualify him or her\nto receive and communicate sacred revelation\n\nb : the action or power of moving the intellect or emotions\n\nc : the act of influencing or suggesting opinions\n\nOther Words from inspiration The Inspirational History of Inspiration Example\nSentences Learn More about inspiration\n\nKeep scrolling for more\n\n## Other Words from inspiration\n\ninspirational \\ ˌin(t)-spə-ˈrā-shnəl , -shə-nəl , -(ˌ)spi- \\ adjective\n\ninspirationally adverb\n\n## The Inspirational History of Inspiration\n\nInspiration has an unusual history in that its figurative sense appears to\npredate its literal one. It comes from the Latin inspiratus (the past\nparticiple of inspirare, “to breathe into, inspire”) and in English has had\nthe meaning “the drawing of air into the lungs” since the middle of the 16th\ncentury. This breathing sense is still in common use among doctors, as is\nexpiration (“the act or process of releasing air from the lungs”). However,\nbefore inspiration was used to refer to breath it had a distinctly theological\nmeaning in English, referring to a divine influence upon a person, from a\ndivine entity; this sense dates back to the early 14th century. The sense of\ninspiration often found today (“someone or something that inspires”) is\nconsiderably newer than either of these two senses, dating from the 19th\ncentury.\n\n## Examples of inspiration in a Sentence\n\nWhere does the inspiration for your art come from? His paintings take their\ninspiration from nature. She had a sudden inspiration. They would have the\nparty outdoors! Deciding to have the party outdoors was sheer inspiration.\n\nSee More\n\nRecent Examples on the Web Now, the soccer team has a chance to be an\ninspiration for all sports in the district, and to provide lifetime memories\nfor the players involved. — Greg Riddle, Dallas News, \"Rockwall-Heath has a\nshot at UIL boys soccer history in the 6A state final — just don’t call them a\nCinderella story,\" 16 Apr. 2021 So the graduation collection was an\ninspiration of merging two identities. — Laird Borrelli-persson, Vogue, \"Mona\nM. Ali Is Making Change in the Scandinavian Fashion Community,\" 12 Apr. 2021\nRobert Pasin, and his experience is inspiration for work-life, fulfillment and\nhappiness. — Tracy Brower, Forbes, \"What The CEO Of Radio Flyer Can Teach Us\nAbout Happiness And Work-Life,\" 12 Apr. 2021 Bo la lot, in fact, was basically\nthe inspiration for his business. — Washington Post, \"Taste Vietnam through\nthese 7 dishes at Eden Center, including banh mi, roast duck and skewers,\" 5\nApr. 2021 The final first-class meal ever served on the Titanic is the\ninspiration for a theatrical dining experience running from April 16 to May 9\nat The Goodwin hotel in Hartford. — Susan Dunne, courant.com, \"A Titanic\nmystery is the subject of new theatrical dinner experience at Goodwin hotel in\nHartford,\" 1 Apr. 2021 Those bicycles were the inspiration, of course, for the\nride vehicles in E.T. Adventure, right down to the handlebars. — Dewayne\nBevil, orlandosentinel.com, \"Universal CityWalk: Legacy Store spotlights old\ntimes, new decor,\" 31 Mar. 2021 Holness' triathlon endeavors has proven to be\nan inspiration for families of disabled children in the UK. — Tomas Meehan,\nCNN, \"Sam Holness hopes to use autism 'superpower' at Ironman World\nChampionship,\" 26 Mar. 2021 Eighteenth-century mathematician, philosopher, and\nprodigy Maria Gaetana Agnesi was the inspiration for Agnesi 1799 Brandy. —\nPatricia Doherty, Travel + Leisure, \"This Female Distiller Released a Line of\nSpirits Dedicated to Incredible Women Throughout History,\" 18 Mar. 2021\n\nThese example sentences are selected automatically from various online news\nsources to reflect current usage of the word 'inspiration.' Views expressed in\nthe examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors.\nSend us feedback.\n\nSee More\n\n## First Known Use of inspiration\n\n14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 4a\n\nKeep scrolling for more\n\n## Learn More about inspiration\n\nShare inspiration\n\nPost the Definition of inspiration to Facebook Share the Definition of\ninspiration on Twitter\n\nTime Traveler for inspiration\n\n## The first known use of inspiration was in the 14th century\n\nSee more words from the same century\n\nFrom the Editors at Merriam-Webster\n\nWords We're Watching: 'Inspo'\n\n### Words We're Watching: 'Inspo'\n\nThis word is such an inspiration\n\nGallery: Word of the Year 2015\n\n### Gallery: Word of the Year 2015\n\nThe events that drove the top look-ups in 2015.\n\n## Dictionary Entries near inspiration\n\ninsphere\n\ninspirable\n\ninspirate\n\ninspiration\n\ninspirationist\n\ninspirative\n\ninspirator\n\nSee More Nearby Entries\n\n## Phrases Related to inspiration\n\ndivine inspiration\n\n## Statistics for inspiration\n\nLast Updated\n\n26 Apr 2021\n\nLook-up Popularity\n\nCite this Entry\n\n“Inspiration.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster,\nhttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inspiration. Accessed 6 May. 2021.\n\nStyle: MLA\n\nMLA Chicago APA Merriam-Webster\n\nKeep scrolling for more\n\nMore Definitions for inspiration\n\ninspiration\n\nnoun\n\n## English Language Learners Definition of inspiration\n\n: something that makes someone want to do something or that gives someone an\nidea about what to do or create : a force or influence that inspires someone\n\n: a person, place, experience, etc., that makes someone want to do or create\nsomething\n\n: a good idea\n\nSee the full definition for inspiration in the English Language Learners\nDictionary\n\ninspiration\n\nnoun\n\nin·spi·ra·tion | \\ ˌin-spə-ˈrā-shən \\\n\n## Kids Definition of inspiration\n\n1 : the act or power of arousing the mind or the emotions the inspiration of\nmusic\n\n2 : a clever idea While deciding on a costume, I had an inspiration.\n\n3 : something that moves someone to act, create, or feel an emotion Mountains\nwere the painter's inspiration.\n\ninspiration\n\nnoun\n\nin·spi·ra·tion | \\ ˌin(t)-spə-ˈrā-shən, -(ˌ)spir-ˈā- \\\n\n## Medical Definition of inspiration\n\n: the drawing of air into the lungs\n\nKeep scrolling for more\n\nMore from Merriam-Webster on inspiration\n\nThesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for inspiration\n\nNglish: Translation of inspiration for Spanish Speakers\n\nBritannica English: Translation of inspiration for Arabic Speakers\n\nComments on inspiration\n\nWhat made you want to look up inspiration? 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And with women like Janet Hanson and Claudia Chan who have a calling to spotlight other women’s growth and promote women’s success like a powerful brand. Or Tory Johnson who, after a brutal firing years ago, found her calling to become a powerful and empowered voice for working women in America. And Brené Brown, whose TED talk on shame and vulnerability rocked the world and continues to make waves of important contribution. The list goes on and on.", "But years ago, I remember being rendered speechless when someone asked me, “Who’s your role model? Who inspires you?” The sad truth is that, at that time, the answer was “No one.” I was so out of touch with what I authentically cared about in the world, and felt so alone, despairing and isolated (because I truly hated my corporate work, and myself in it, and just couldn’t figure a way out of it), that having a role model or connecting with women who inspired me was the farthest thing from my mind.", "What snapped me out of this isolation and disconnection was my own brutal layoff after 9/11, and my decision then to stop playing the victim, take control, and reclaim my passion, power and purpose in life and work. Figuring out what I wanted to be and do in the world, and mustering the courage and commitment to pursue that was what it took for me to reconnect to the land of the living and find true role models – women who were ten steps ahead of me doing what I longed to do.", "In the past year of writing this blog and contributing to Huffington Post, AARP Work Reimagined and other organizations, I’ve observed some common traits of inspiring people who are achieving amazing success, making a difference, contributing positively to our culture, and supporting women’s growth. In fact, I’ve found that there are 13 core traits of highly successful and inspiring women. But three traits continue to rise to the top of this list.", "Bar none, the following are the top three traits you’ll see in people who inspire, enliven, empower and uplift us.", "They have forged their own authentic path -- taken a hard, unpaved road that goes against the grain and demanded a tremendous show of guts, strength, commitment, and perseverance", "In other words, these people have taken a brave, new direction and are living full-out what they talk about, study and research. They are the true embodiment of courage and fortitude in the face of opposition, criticism, judgment, and what sometimes seem to be unbeatable odds. They don’t just talk about what they’re fascinated by – they’re immersed in it and exude it, body and soul.", "They are supremely “other-focused” – they derive an enormous sense of satisfaction and reward – and spend most of their professional time and energy -- helping other people, or organizations and enterprises, grow and flourish", "These individuals aren’t just talking about what they’ve done – they’re focused on turning their “mess” into a “message” or helping others succeed and overcome the deep challenges out there in the way of greater success, fulfillment, peace, contribution, and progress.", "These inspiring leaders and ground-breakers spend their time sharing and demonstrating something very different from the same old platitudes and principles we’ve heard over and over. From their individual set of traumas, experiences, longings, failures, triumphs, and histories, they have a unique way of looking at the world, and they share their special vision through powerful stories that pluck at our heartstrings and stimulate our thinking and our emotions in ways that literally no one else can.", "I’m happy to say that I am now inspired all the time by men and women who are 100 steps ahead of me, doing what I long to, in the way I long to do it, with authenticity, clarity, grace and power. All I have to do is watch one new TED Talk or interview someone making significant positive change, and I’m thinking again of what’s possible.", "There are so many people in the world who can serve as your role models and help you make the huge impact in the world that you want to, that I’d say this -- if you can’t find someone to inspire you, it’s time for an internal shift to heal the disconnection and isolation you feel, and get yourself back in the game of life.", "After all, we believe what we see. To be inspired by another is to be reminded that what stirs us so deeply about someone else is, in fact, possible within ourselves.", "Hello! I'm a career and leadership coach, writer, speaker, and trainer dedicated to the advancement of women in business. My career coaching firm—Kathy Caprino, LLC—offe", "Hello! I'm a career and leadership coach, writer, speaker, and trainer dedicated to the advancement of women in business. My career coaching firm—Kathy Caprino, LLC—offers a wide array of programs, training, assessments, videos, and courses that help women \"dig deep, discover their right work, and illuminate the world with it.\" My key mission is to support a \"Finding Brave\" movement that helps professionals globally achieve their highest and most thrilling potential.", "Along with contributing to Forbes.com, I write on Thrive Global, LinkedIn, and my own blog at kathycaprino.com/blog and am a frequent media source on careers and women's issues. My 1st book Breakdown, Breakthrough and my TEDx talk \"Time To Brave Up\" share critical ways to stand up and speak up for yourself and transform your life.", "My newest book, The Most Powerful You: 7 Bravery-Boosting Paths To Career Bliss shares transformative information from my research and work with thousands of women in the past 10 years, and instrumental strategies from over 30 of the nation's top experts, on how to overcome the 7 most damaging power gaps that 98% of women are facing today that prevent them from thriving as they long to in their careers.", "For more information, please visit kathycaprino.com, the Amazing Career Project course, my Finding Brave podcast, and my new book The Most Powerful You." ] }, "parsed_md": "What It Really Takes To Be Inspiring\n\nBETA\n\nThis is a BETA experience. You may opt-out by clicking here\n\nEdit Story\n\n|Sep 25, 2012,07:59am EDT\n\n# What It Really Takes To Be Inspiring\n\nKathy CaprinoSenior Contributor\n\nOpinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own.\n\nCareers\n\nI cover career, executive and personal growth, leadership and women's issues.\n\n * Share to Facebook\n * Share to Twitter\n * Share to Linkedin\n\nCourtesy of FreeDigitalPhotos.net\n\nFor some time, I’ve been following inspiring women leaders, entrepreneurs,\nbusiness movers-and-shakers, writers and others on the cutting edge of thought\nleadership, and I’m still awed and amazed at how much there is out in the\nworld to be inspired by.\n\nIn my line of work as a women’s career coach, executive trainer and writer,\nI’m fortunate to connect with women like Whitney Johnson and Judy Robinett who\ninvest deeply in ideas, businesses and people and help their dreams become\nreality. And with women like Janet Hanson and Claudia Chan who have a calling\nto spotlight other women’s growth and promote women’s success like a powerful\nbrand. Or Tory Johnson who, after a brutal firing years ago, found her calling\nto become a powerful and empowered voice for working women in America. And\nBrené Brown, whose TED talk on shame and vulnerability rocked the world and\ncontinues to make waves of important contribution. The list goes on and on.\n\nBut years ago, I remember being rendered speechless when someone asked me,\n“Who’s your role model? Who inspires you?” The sad truth is that, at that\ntime, the answer was “No one.” I was so out of touch with what I authentically\ncared about in the world, and felt so alone, despairing and isolated (because\nI truly hated my corporate work, and myself in it, and just couldn’t figure a\nway out of it), that having a role model or connecting with women who inspired\nme was the farthest thing from my mind.\n\nWhat snapped me out of this isolation and disconnection was my own brutal\nlayoff after 9/11, and my decision then to stop playing the victim, take\ncontrol, and reclaim my passion, power and purpose in life and work. Figuring\nout what I wanted to be and do in the world, and mustering the courage and\ncommitment to pursue that was what it took for me to reconnect to the land of\nthe living and find true role models – women who were ten steps ahead of me\ndoing what I longed to do.\n\nIn the past year of writing this blog and contributing to Huffington Post,\nAARP Work Reimagined and other organizations, I’ve observed some common traits\nof inspiring people who are achieving amazing success, making a difference,\ncontributing positively to our culture, and supporting women’s growth. In\nfact, I’ve found that there are 13 core traits of highly successful and\ninspiring women. But three traits continue to rise to the top of this list.\n\nBar none, the following are the top three traits you’ll see in people who\ninspire, enliven, empower and uplift us.\n\nThe three core behaviors or traits of deeply inspiring people:\n\n1) They have forged their own authentic path -- taken a hard, unpaved road\nthat goes against the grain and demanded a tremendous show of guts, strength,\ncommitment, and perseverance\n\nIn other words, these people have taken a brave, new direction and are living\nfull-out what they talk about, study and research. They are the true\nembodiment of courage and fortitude in the face of opposition, criticism,\njudgment, and what sometimes seem to be unbeatable odds. They don’t just talk\nabout what they’re fascinated by – they’re immersed in it and exude it, body\nand soul.\n\n2) They are supremely “other-focused” – they derive an enormous sense of\nsatisfaction and reward – and spend most of their professional time and energy\n-- helping other people, or organizations and enterprises, grow and flourish\n\nThese individuals aren’t just talking about what they’ve done – they’re\nfocused on turning their “mess” into a “message” or helping others succeed and\novercome the deep challenges out there in the way of greater success,\nfulfillment, peace, contribution, and progress.\n\n3) They are riveting storytellers –\n\nThese inspiring leaders and ground-breakers spend their time sharing and\ndemonstrating something very different from the same old platitudes and\nprinciples we’ve heard over and over. From their individual set of traumas,\nexperiences, longings, failures, triumphs, and histories, they have a unique\nway of looking at the world, and they share their special vision through\npowerful stories that pluck at our heartstrings and stimulate our thinking and\nour emotions in ways that literally no one else can.\n\n* * * * * * *\n\nI’m happy to say that I am now inspired all the time by men and women who are\n100 steps ahead of me, doing what I long to, in the way I long to do it, with\nauthenticity, clarity, grace and power. All I have to do is watch one new TED\nTalk or interview someone making significant positive change, and I’m thinking\nagain of what’s possible.\n\nThere are so many people in the world who can serve as your role models and\nhelp you make the huge impact in the world that you want to, that I’d say this\n-- if you can’t find someone to inspire you, it’s time for an internal shift\nto heal the disconnection and isolation you feel, and get yourself back in the\ngame of life.\n\nAfter all, we believe what we see. To be inspired by another is to be reminded\nthat what stirs us so deeply about someone else is, in fact, possible within\nourselves.\n\nFore more information, visit KathyCaprino.com and The Amazing Career Project.\n\nKathy Caprino\n\nHello! I'm a career and leadership coach, writer, speaker, and trainer\ndedicated to the advancement of women in business. My career coaching\nfirm—Kathy Caprino, LLC—offe\n\n...\n\nHello! I'm a career and leadership coach, writer, speaker, and trainer\ndedicated to the advancement of women in business. My career coaching\nfirm—Kathy Caprino, LLC—offers a wide array of programs, training,\nassessments, videos, and courses that help women \"dig deep, discover their\nright work, and illuminate the world with it.\" My key mission is to support a\n\"Finding Brave\" movement that helps professionals globally achieve their\nhighest and most thrilling potential.\n\nAlong with contributing to Forbes.com, I write on Thrive Global, LinkedIn, and\nmy own blog at kathycaprino.com/blog and am a frequent media source on careers\nand women's issues. My 1st book Breakdown, Breakthrough and my TEDx talk \"Time\nTo Brave Up\" share critical ways to stand up and speak up for yourself and\ntransform your life.\n\nMy newest book, The Most Powerful You: 7 Bravery-Boosting Paths To Career\nBliss shares transformative information from my research and work with\nthousands of women in the past 10 years, and instrumental strategies from over\n30 of the nation's top experts, on how to overcome the 7 most damaging power\ngaps that 98% of women are facing today that prevent them from thriving as\nthey long to in their careers.\n\nFor more information, please visit kathycaprino.com, the Amazing Career\nProject course, my Finding Brave podcast, and my new book The Most Powerful\nYou.\n\n * Print\n * Reprints & Permissions\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.marcandangel.com/2009/02/18/8-ways-to-inspire-others/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201109032410/https://www.marcandangel.com/2009/02/18/8-ways-to-inspire-others/", "parsed_text": { "title": "8 Ways to Inspire Others", "passages": [ "When you learn a new way to think, you can master a new way to be... at Think Better, Live Better 2020.", "Inspiring others isn’t easy. The success rate of those who attempt to inspire is incredibly low when the measurement of success is based on the percentage inspired as opposed to the actual number inspired. Huge motivational seminars with thousands of attendees typically make a real lasting impact in only a few people’s lives. If you look at those same odds for yourself, you might easily be discouraged if you hope to inspire others by doing something you don’t truly love to do.", "If, however, you do love something dearly, you won’t care how successful you are at inspiring others and you will continue to persevere (on many levels) no matter how many times you fail. When people doubt you, and when people laugh at your failures, you will continue to do what you love because you love it. So having that depth, that love and passion for something, will protect you from all potential failures.", "Will you make the most of failures and continue to drive your passions? Will you inspire others even when you don’t succeed at first? What do you love?", "Once you establish a foundation for which you have great passion, start thinking big. How many people could you potentially inspire based on your niche of expertise? Are there ways you can expand your impact? Don’t look to inspire one person, look to inspire hundreds! Remember, this goes back to the low success rate percentages, as you will likely not succeed with working to inspire at a very small level. You need to think big and have many people available to inspire. Fifty people out of a thousand is only five percent, but it’s still fifty people. Share your ideas with as many people as possible and allow them grow your influence beyond your initial ideas for inspiration.", "Thinking big is not only about inspiring more people, but also about the impact you have on each person. Don’t settle on making minor changes in a person’s life if they need a total makeover. Instead, aim to change everything. Look to inspire in many areas instead of just one. Think big about the positive impact you might have and this will give you a much better chance of leaving some kind of impression. If you promote a hundred ways for someone to change or heal and they take on just one, you have still helped them!", "Another useful way to inspire others is to support an established noble cause or practice, such as saving the environment or feeding the poor. It’s much easier to gain attention, followers, and support for noble causes than it is for individual gain or what some might think are more selfish reasons. An offer to change something that has a positive impact on the global society is far more attractive to onlookers than some short lived, localized venture. So keep those areas of influence as big as possible!", "Passion is something you must have and be willing to express it if you really want to inspire others. You can gain a lot of influence just by publically expressing that you are excited and passionate about a topic. You make it much harder to inspire others if you are boring an unenthusiastic. Expressive passion is contagious because of the curiosity it stirs in others. You’ll get people wondering why you love what you love so much. Naturally, some of them will take the time necessary to understand what it is about the topic that moves you.", "You need to remain actively involved in the field in which you intend to inspire others. It’s the age old saying of “practice what you preach,” and it holds true for anyone trying to inspire others. Ultimately, if you really want to inspire others to do something then this ‘something’ should be a big part of your life. You don’t necessarily need to be an expert at it, but you do need to be passionately involved.", "You must always maintain an open invitation to everyone you encounter. Personally welcome others, and listen to their needs. Once you are involved with them, keep it personal and always maintain a healthy line of communication.", "The best part of inspiring others is to have interest in not only what you do, but to also recognize your followers and have an opportunity to see them grow and change as well. Offer to share your personal stories, teach them things you’ve learned along the way, talk about your failures and achievements, and ask them questions about their own progress. Help them avoid the mistakes you’ve made in the past, and always maintain a positive outlook on their forward progress.", "Consistency in actions, information, and moral standards is also extremely important. If you constantly change your methods, your interests, and the field in which you hope to inspire others, you will have little success. People want to see and associate your ideas with a reliable plan that they can follow. You need to demonstrate this consistency through your actions, but you can also compliment your actions with inspirational story telling. Story telling allows you to reproduce important past experiences as a means to guide and inspire others. Make sure use stories that embrace the consistency of your actions.", "The process of inspiring others comes with no shortage challenges and negative naysayers. To get past this, you must stay positive, work past failures, and present optimism openly to others no matter what the circumstances are. Doubt is a very contagious disease, and if you show any of it, you can easily destroy any positive influence you might have instilled in a person.", "And there you have it: My thoughts on how to inspire others. I’d love to hear your feedback, thoughts and comments on the subject. Which of these points have the biggest impact to you? Have I left something out? Do you have any personal experiences or inspirational stories to share?", "Mike is the author of Learn This, a productivity blog for self learning, career leadership, and life improvement tips. He writes articles about finding passion in life, goal setting and positive thinking. Please subscribe to his RSS feed here to read more of his articles.", "Thanks for the article Mike. I know that we are indeed the sum of our experiences, and I’ve noticed that I perform better when I’m with people who are more expert than myself in any particular field. I bet another good article could be, “how to effectively take inspiration from others”.", "that’s all ok if you find something you are passionate about. Most people die without finding it. Or finding something the don’t mind doing but aren’t passionate about.", "“If we could assign a career to each of you or give you a way of being, we would ask each of you to become an inspiration. When you are able to live in this capacity and to be truly an inspiration to all who encounter you, you will be living your light, and that is quite profound.” ~ Bringers of the Dawn: Teachings from the Pleiadians", "I love this post. Many people advise us to think big but you’re the first I’ve read who says think big AND noble. That is so important, I think, to think big for the greater good and not just for ourselves. Thanks for the inspiration!", "Passion and expressing it key. I’ve really enjoyed reading these tips, they are inspiring – and will surely help me inspire others as well! 🙂", "Some amazing tips there and I remember writing a blog post about this with a similar subject some time ago. The one thing I’d want to add is that it’s important to get in touch with the part of you that gets inspired. It’s the moments where you get a surge of energy of or almost enter a zen like state where ideas just flow to like they’re coming from another source. When you get to that ‘naturally inspired’ state other people feed off it and it automatically brings that out in them.", "Another good one here! As another commenter observed above, the key point of this post is to commit your energy to something that you feel the meaning of ‘real’ in. If you can find and stay true to that, the rest of the post merely suggests ways to harness the aftermath of your pursuits, namely how to better inspire others.", "However I think it’s an important reminder that inspiring others is necessarily a self-centric undertaking; you will fail to inspire others if inspiring others is your ultimate goal. Great artists (like John Coltrane) understand that even when no one is listening (much less be inspired), it’s even more important to keep pushing and inspiring yourself. Interestingly, it is precisely because inspiring others plays second fiddle to inspiring yourself that the great artist is able to inspire others.", "Moreover, people generally have a good instinct for feeling out whether you’re a pretender or the real thing (for instance, I say this blog is the real thing!) It’s like how girls have this radar that can almost instantly sniff out a guy who’s being creepy or a total wuss. And if they don’t right away, they will eventually.", "@Tim: No doubt, soaring with the eagles is an effective means to a positive end. Success, after all, is contagious. Also, thanks for the article suggestion. I like it.", "@Amit: Very true. For me, entering the ‘naturally inspired’ state you speak of is a direct result of truly loving what I’m working on.", "@Miles: You hit the nail on the head. Attempting to inspire others is pointless if you are uninspired. But when inner passion meets open communication, other people will notice your enthusiasm and likely give you a second glance. PS: Thanks for the kind remarks.", "@Tim – Thanks for the idea Tim. I may very well have to write that article as well! It’s true that those around us inspire us so easier, I only hope this guide helps return that favor in as many ways as possible for any individual.", "@willgui – Inspiring others shouldn’t be limited to your own passions. What if you are able to inspire someone to find their own passion that may not fit yours? That is certainly still worthwhile if you ask me.", "@Daphne – great to hear you admire the part about nobility. I think that inspiration without that has far less impact and meaning to someone.", "@Nathalie – an open door lets you be inspired. You can’t be if you close your mind. A great point!", "@Amit – Thanks for that reminder about your own state of flow to accellerate inspiration to others. That is true when you are natural and passionate about the subject yourself.", "@Miles – You are so right, you can’t fake inspiring others for long but you can sometimes spark inspiration in others even without it in yourself. That though won’t last if you can transfer it elsewhere so the ideas above about your own passion and flow is definitely helpful, if not necessary to inspire others long term. Thanks for your thoughts on that!", "Unknowingly we happen to inspire others on our own little way... I know I do almost everyday not only to my students. It is my undying desire to seek for people who will instigate me in any field of life’s diversified courses. I learn from them a whole lot.", "I have three people whom I look up to and consider my icons who can stimulate my zest to pursue my dreams. I got to talk to them on a regular basis (I bump into them every university day) and they are more than accomodating to answer and converse to me in a sweetest and most educative possible way. They are my Dean, Mr. Garch and Chef Carol. I like to talk about Mr Garch, he’s a mystic, scientist, social science researcher, a brilliant lecturer ( told him its my dream to do a team teaching with him which he gladly welcomed anytime), a historian and an overly concerned Filipino citizen.", "You can rarely hear him criticize an issue or a theory, you can only hear how he justify anything regardless if he is a pro or an anti and give a possible solution to that issue. He is well travelled and got to acquaint a lot of cultures and produce various researches around the world but chose to remain and teach in his homeland.", "The point about being expressive is one that is useful to keep in mind, when noticing how certain individuals rise up in the public eye. Becoming the proponent of a previously-known idea can make you the person that is the go-to individual for questions about that concept. Picking a concern, like the import of one product to a certain country, and making it your voiced interest, can then lead to numerous opportunities to bring change to that field.", "Marc, i totally agree it’s all about doing what you love. That’s what we try to plead with all of our young people @under30ceo: Go out and do what you LOVE. Why settle for anything less?!", "Inspiring others to go out and follow their dream and do big things isn’t easy, but worth it if in that crowd of 100 you connect with 1 person. I’d speak any day if there was a 1% chance I could make somoene’s life turn for the best.", "I think this illustrates how life-consuming it is to inspire others. It’s a habit. The only way to keep up with everyone and not burn out is to genuinely enjoy what you do. That enjoyment, that passion for what you do, will translate into the lives of others.", "When we express from a deeper place...our expression arrives on a deeper level. This is my experience as a performer...", "“Offer to share your personal stories, teach them things you’ve learned along the way, talk about your failures and achievements, and ask them questions about their own progress.”", "I’ve always believed in the power of sharing my own story to create a personal, “I understand where you are” connection with others. Thanks for the reminder!", "@GoldChest – Thanks for your experience here, it shows a great example of someone you admire who’s positive while inspiring you.", "@Armin – nice to see you over here, being a proponent for something with enthusiasm definitely goes a long way when hoping to inspire others.", "@Matt – so true, I love how passion and doing what you love can bleed into so many areas of live it’s impossible NOT to inspire those who see that in you. Thanks for your thoughts as well!", "@bunny – thanks so much, I truly believe it’s love that enables a noble message to be passed along and doing so through others is of course what makes it noble as well.", "@Marshall – isn’t that the truth. Always keeping that inspiration turned on is tiring to learn, but once you have it, it’s like you say, a habit and quite a motivating force as you also start to see results from doing so. Glad you enjoyed the article and came to check it out here!", "@Eric – oh how much artists know about inspiration! They use it and pass it along in everything they create, so true.", "@Seth – thanks so much, I always enjoy knowing which little segments act as a piece of inspiration in my articles, I appreciate you sharing that!", "Hi Mike, nice to see you here. 🙂 I love your post. My favorite line is Practice What You Preach. I think it is the best part in acccordance with my experiences. Thanks for sharing, Mike.", "Very well written. It reminds me of my uncle who started off as a friend, and later became a mentor by doing just the things in this list.", "I like the notion of being passionate about something rather than being an expert. Most of the time expertise is obtained as a result of being passionate. Passion will lead someone to discoveries in the subject he is passionate about.", "Excellent tips–I need to remember that people are always watching so I might as well inspire them and they will in turn inspire others. Keep up the great work on your blog–you inspire me!", "Thanks for this inspiring article. I really loved reading it. Before you can inspire others I think the highest priority is to be in peace with yourself.", "– Relationships are the key to happiness – Self-development is in each individual’s responsibility – Helping others also helps yourself – Diversity makes life more interesting – We must live as one world – Every person has a purpose in life", "Living by these values might inspire others. If it made a change for one person only I had contributed in making the world a little bit better.", "Hello there. I’m from the Philippines, a Christian, taking up Bachelor of Science in Computer Science, and am striving to graduate with honors.", "I want to share what I’ve learned to all the people around me – to my classmates, my fellow musicians (in the church), etc. – but, honestly, I didn’t know how to start. I wanted to share not just my technical knowledge, but more on perspectives, and attitudes.", "“The best part of inspiring others is to have interest in not only what you do, but to also recognize your followers and have an opportunity to see them grow and change as well.”", "Stunning... love this article. So glad you went over these key points, especially here on such a well-viewed, well-respected site.", "During brakes or in the end: ask them to find a partner and do a brief coaching session with each-other, answering these questions: 1) What will you do differently now? 2) How are you going to do it? 3) What are you going to do, to make sure you succeed?", "I believe that people become most inspired when they are involved in conversations – when they have to say something about themselves.", "What a great article! 🙂 For me, the points that really matter are – Passion, Sticking with What You Love, and yes... Being Consistent. I think that only Dreamers can change the world, and luckily we are all dreamers. 🙂 Thanks for sharing this!", "I am extremely interested in the concept of inspiring others – I am soon to have a journal article on the subject. Thanks for sharing your 8 ways to inspire others. I like the concept of story telling as a powerful tool for inspiring – it is a great way to help people create powerful pictures of potential.", "Thanks for this article. I am a new father and would like to inspire my kids. Just reading through this already lifted me up and found more about myself. Thanks to all who shared as well.", "This was a great article. I want to inspire others but i always hold my self back... but reading some of these points gave me the pep talk I needed. Thanks for the boost of confidence.", "Thank you so much for these great posts and inspirations that I used to know... but have forgotten over the years." ] }, "parsed_md": "8 Ways to Inspire Others\n\nWhen you learn a new way to think, you can master a new way to be... at Think\nBetter, Live Better 2020.\n\nMarc and Angel Hack Life\n\nPractical Tips for Productive Living\n\n# 8 Ways to Inspire Others\n\nWritten by Marc Chernoff // 39 Comments\n\n> This guest post was written by Mike King, the author of Learn This.\n\nHave you ever looked up to someone or admired something about another person\nthat really inspired you? Well, there are certain qualities about a person’s\ncharacter that enable them to inspire others, and there are steps you can take\nto awaken these same qualities in yourself. Here’s how:\n\n### Stick With What You Love\n\nInspiring others isn’t easy. The success rate of those who attempt to inspire\nis incredibly low when the measurement of success is based on the percentage\ninspired as opposed to the actual number inspired. Huge motivational seminars\nwith thousands of attendees typically make a real lasting impact in only a few\npeople’s lives. If you look at those same odds for yourself, you might easily\nbe discouraged if you hope to inspire others by doing something you don’t\ntruly love to do.\n\nIf, however, you do love something dearly, you won’t care how successful you\nare at inspiring others and you will continue to persevere (on many levels) no\nmatter how many times you fail. When people doubt you, and when people laugh\nat your failures, you will continue to do what you love because you love it.\nSo having that depth, that love and passion for something, will protect you\nfrom all potential failures.\n\nWill you make the most of failures and continue to drive your passions? Will\nyou inspire others even when you don’t succeed at first? What do you love?\n\n### Think Big and Noble\n\nOnce you establish a foundation for which you have great passion, start\nthinking big. How many people could you potentially inspire based on your\nniche of expertise? Are there ways you can expand your impact? Don’t look to\ninspire one person, look to inspire hundreds! Remember, this goes back to the\nlow success rate percentages, as you will likely not succeed with working to\ninspire at a very small level. You need to think big and have many people\navailable to inspire. Fifty people out of a thousand is only five percent, but\nit’s still fifty people. Share your ideas with as many people as possible and\nallow them grow your influence beyond your initial ideas for inspiration.\n\nThinking big is not only about inspiring more people, but also about the\nimpact you have on each person. Don’t settle on making minor changes in a\nperson’s life if they need a total makeover. Instead, aim to change\neverything. Look to inspire in many areas instead of just one. Think big about\nthe positive impact you might have and this will give you a much better chance\nof leaving some kind of impression. If you promote a hundred ways for someone\nto change or heal and they take on just one, you have still helped them!\n\nAnother useful way to inspire others is to support an established noble cause\nor practice, such as saving the environment or feeding the poor. It’s much\neasier to gain attention, followers, and support for noble causes than it is\nfor individual gain or what some might think are more selfish reasons. An\noffer to change something that has a positive impact on the global society is\nfar more attractive to onlookers than some short lived, localized venture. So\nkeep those areas of influence as big as possible!\n\n### Be Expressive\n\nPassion is something you must have and be willing to express it if you really\nwant to inspire others. You can gain a lot of influence just by publically\nexpressing that you are excited and passionate about a topic. You make it much\nharder to inspire others if you are boring an unenthusiastic. Expressive\npassion is contagious because of the curiosity it stirs in others. You’ll get\npeople wondering why you love what you love so much. Naturally, some of them\nwill take the time necessary to understand what it is about the topic that\nmoves you.\n\n### Practice What You Preach\n\nYou need to remain actively involved in the field in which you intend to\ninspire others. It’s the age old saying of “practice what you preach,” and it\nholds true for anyone trying to inspire others. Ultimately, if you really want\nto inspire others to do something then this ‘something’ should be a big part\nof your life. You don’t necessarily need to be an expert at it, but you do\nneed to be passionately involved.\n\n### Keep an Open Door\n\nYou must always maintain an open invitation to everyone you encounter.\nPersonally welcome others, and listen to their needs. Once you are involved\nwith them, keep it personal and always maintain a healthy line of\ncommunication.\n\n### Offer a Guiding Hand\n\nThe best part of inspiring others is to have interest in not only what you do,\nbut to also recognize your followers and have an opportunity to see them grow\nand change as well. Offer to share your personal stories, teach them things\nyou’ve learned along the way, talk about your failures and achievements, and\nask them questions about their own progress. Help them avoid the mistakes\nyou’ve made in the past, and always maintain a positive outlook on their\nforward progress.\n\n### Be Consistent\n\nConsistency in actions, information, and moral standards is also extremely\nimportant. If you constantly change your methods, your interests, and the\nfield in which you hope to inspire others, you will have little success.\nPeople want to see and associate your ideas with a reliable plan that they can\nfollow. You need to demonstrate this consistency through your actions, but you\ncan also compliment your actions with inspirational story telling. Story\ntelling allows you to reproduce important past experiences as a means to guide\nand inspire others. Make sure use stories that embrace the consistency of your\nactions.\n\n### Stay Positive\n\nThe process of inspiring others comes with no shortage challenges and negative\nnaysayers. To get past this, you must stay positive, work past failures, and\npresent optimism openly to others no matter what the circumstances are. Doubt\nis a very contagious disease, and if you show any of it, you can easily\ndestroy any positive influence you might have instilled in a person.\n\nAnd there you have it: My thoughts on how to inspire others. I’d love to hear\nyour feedback, thoughts and comments on the subject. Which of these points\nhave the biggest impact to you? Have I left something out? Do you have any\npersonal experiences or inspirational stories to share?\n\nAlso, check out these great books for more ways to inspire others:\n\n * Leadership Lessons: Learn How To Inspire Others, Achieve Greatness and Find Success in Any Organization\n * Make the Impossible Possible: One Man’s Crusade to Inspire Others to Dream Bigger and Achieve the Extraordinary\n * Using Microsoft PowerPoint to Create Presentations That Inform, Motivate, and Inspire\n\n> Mike is the author of Learn This, a productivity blog for self learning,\n> career leadership, and life improvement tips. He writes articles about\n> finding passion in life, goal setting and positive thinking. Please\n> subscribe to his RSS feed here to read more of his articles.\n\nPhoto by: Giampaolo Macorig\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Tim @ Mini Life Hacks says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 6:42 am\n\nThanks for the article Mike. I know that we are indeed the sum of our\nexperiences, and I’ve noticed that I perform better when I’m with people who\nare more expert than myself in any particular field. I bet another good\narticle could be, “how to effectively take inspiration from others”.\n\nReply\n\n 2. willgui says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 7:27 am\n\nthat’s all ok if you find something you are passionate about. Most people die\nwithout finding it. Or finding something the don’t mind doing but aren’t\npassionate about.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Nicholas Powiull says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 8:37 am\n\nAwesome deal! The headline reminds me of this quote:\n\n“If we could assign a career to each of you or give you a way of being, we\nwould ask each of you to become an inspiration. When you are able to live in\nthis capacity and to be truly an inspiration to all who encounter you, you\nwill be living your light, and that is quite profound.” ~ Bringers of the\nDawn: Teachings from the Pleiadians\n\nReply\n\n 4. Daphne says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 8:57 am\n\nHi Marc,\n\nI love this post. Many people advise us to think big but you’re the first I’ve\nread who says think big AND noble. That is so important, I think, to think big\nfor the greater good and not just for ourselves. Thanks for the inspiration!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Nathalie Lussier says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 10:19 am\n\nI’ve found that keeping the door open is very important in my own life.\n\nPassion and expressing it key. I’ve really enjoyed reading these tips, they\nare inspiring – and will surely help me inspire others as well! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 6. Amit Sodha says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 11:34 am\n\nHi Marc\n\nSome amazing tips there and I remember writing a blog post about this with a\nsimilar subject some time ago. The one thing I’d want to add is that it’s\nimportant to get in touch with the part of you that gets inspired. It’s the\nmoments where you get a surge of energy of or almost enter a zen like state\nwhere ideas just flow to like they’re coming from another source. When you get\nto that ‘naturally inspired’ state other people feed off it and it\nautomatically brings that out in them.\n\nThanks for the wonderful post!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Miles says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 2:43 pm\n\nAnother good one here! As another commenter observed above, the key point of\nthis post is to commit your energy to something that you feel the meaning of\n‘real’ in. If you can find and stay true to that, the rest of the post merely\nsuggests ways to harness the aftermath of your pursuits, namely how to better\ninspire others.\n\nHowever I think it’s an important reminder that inspiring others is\nnecessarily a self-centric undertaking; you will fail to inspire others if\ninspiring others is your ultimate goal. Great artists (like John Coltrane)\nunderstand that even when no one is listening (much less be inspired), it’s\neven more important to keep pushing and inspiring yourself. Interestingly, it\nis precisely because inspiring others plays second fiddle to inspiring\nyourself that the great artist is able to inspire others.\n\nMoreover, people generally have a good instinct for feeling out whether you’re\na pretender or the real thing (for instance, I say this blog is the real\nthing!) It’s like how girls have this radar that can almost instantly sniff\nout a guy who’s being creepy or a total wuss. And if they don’t right away,\nthey will eventually.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Marc says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 3:06 pm\n\n@Tim: No doubt, soaring with the eagles is an effective means to a positive\nend. Success, after all, is contagious. Also, thanks for the article\nsuggestion. I like it.\n\n@willgui: An endless search is the foundation of a healthy, rewarding life.\nGreat experiences are realized along the way.\n\n@Nicholas: Love the inspirational quote! Thanks.\n\n@Daphne: I think thinking big is always about the greater good. 😉\n\n@Nathalie: You bet! An open door inspires endless opportunity.\n\n@Amit: Very true. For me, entering the ‘naturally inspired’ state you speak of\nis a direct result of truly loving what I’m working on.\n\n@Miles: You hit the nail on the head. Attempting to inspire others is\npointless if you are uninspired. But when inner passion meets open\ncommunication, other people will notice your enthusiasm and likely give you a\nsecond glance. PS: Thanks for the kind remarks.\n\nReply\n\n 9. Mike King says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 4:29 pm\n\n@Tim – Thanks for the idea Tim. I may very well have to write that article as\nwell! It’s true that those around us inspire us so easier, I only hope this\nguide helps return that favor in as many ways as possible for any individual.\n\n@willgui – Inspiring others shouldn’t be limited to your own passions. What if\nyou are able to inspire someone to find their own passion that may not fit\nyours? That is certainly still worthwhile if you ask me.\n\n@Nicholas – great quote, thanks for adding that for your own little piece of\ninspiration.\n\n@Daphne – great to hear you admire the part about nobility. I think that\ninspiration without that has far less impact and meaning to someone.\n\n@Nathalie – an open door lets you be inspired. You can’t be if you close your\nmind. A great point!\n\n@Amit – Thanks for that reminder about your own state of flow to accellerate\ninspiration to others. That is true when you are natural and passionate about\nthe subject yourself.\n\n@Miles – You are so right, you can’t fake inspiring others for long but you\ncan sometimes spark inspiration in others even without it in yourself. That\nthough won’t last if you can transfer it elsewhere so the ideas above about\nyour own passion and flow is definitely helpful, if not necessary to inspire\nothers long term. Thanks for your thoughts on that!\n\nReply\n\n 10. Goldchest says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 6:10 pm\n\nUnknowingly we happen to inspire others on our own little way... I know I do\nalmost everyday not only to my students. It is my undying desire to seek for\npeople who will instigate me in any field of life’s diversified courses. I\nlearn from them a whole lot.\n\nI have three people whom I look up to and consider my icons who can stimulate\nmy zest to pursue my dreams. I got to talk to them on a regular basis (I bump\ninto them every university day) and they are more than accomodating to answer\nand converse to me in a sweetest and most educative possible way. They are my\nDean, Mr. Garch and Chef Carol. I like to talk about Mr Garch, he’s a mystic,\nscientist, social science researcher, a brilliant lecturer ( told him its my\ndream to do a team teaching with him which he gladly welcomed anytime), a\nhistorian and an overly concerned Filipino citizen.\n\nYou can rarely hear him criticize an issue or a theory, you can only hear how\nhe justify anything regardless if he is a pro or an anti and give a possible\nsolution to that issue. He is well travelled and got to acquaint a lot of\ncultures and produce various researches around the world but chose to remain\nand teach in his homeland.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Armen Shirvanian says\n\nFebruary 18, 2009 at 10:36 pm\n\nThe point about being expressive is one that is useful to keep in mind, when\nnoticing how certain individuals rise up in the public eye. Becoming the\nproponent of a previously-known idea can make you the person that is the go-to\nindividual for questions about that concept. Picking a concern, like the\nimport of one product to a certain country, and making it your voiced\ninterest, can then lead to numerous opportunities to bring change to that\nfield.\n\nReply\n\n 12. @MattWilsontv says\n\nFebruary 19, 2009 at 12:48 am\n\nMarc, i totally agree it’s all about doing what you love. That’s what we try\nto plead with all of our young people @under30ceo: Go out and do what you\nLOVE. Why settle for anything less?!\n\nLike Gary Vaynerchuk says “there’s no reason to do sh*t you hate”.\n\nInspiring others to go out and follow their dream and do big things isn’t\neasy, but worth it if in that crowd of 100 you connect with 1 person. I’d\nspeak any day if there was a 1% chance I could make somoene’s life turn for\nthe best.\n\nWhy go through life without passion?\n\nReply\n\n 13. bunnygotblog says\n\nFebruary 19, 2009 at 6:54 am\n\nThis is an excellent article, Mike.\n\nOne should always display honor and nobility- the effects are positive by\ndoing so.\n\nWe all need to regard people and life at the highest level each day.\n\nCheers\n\nReply\n\n 14. Christopher says\n\nFebruary 19, 2009 at 7:22 am\n\nThese are great. I might even print these out and put in my\nwallet...seriously!\n\nReply\n\n 15. Marshall | bondChristian says\n\nFebruary 19, 2009 at 8:20 am\n\n“You must always maintain an open invitation to everyone you encounter.”\n\nThat’s an extremely tall order, Mike. Trying to live open for everyone, all\nthe time...\n\nI think this illustrates how life-consuming it is to inspire others. It’s a\nhabit. The only way to keep up with everyone and not burn out is to genuinely\nenjoy what you do. That enjoyment, that passion for what you do, will\ntranslate into the lives of others.\n\nThank you for the post, Mike.\n\nMarshall Jones Jr.\n\nReply\n\n 16. Eric Daniel says\n\nFebruary 19, 2009 at 10:36 am\n\n“Do what you know, don’t be slow...comunication is the key” (Jimi Hendrix)\n\nGreat article...\n\nWhen we express from a deeper place...our expression arrives on a deeper\nlevel. This is my experience as a performer...\n\nThanks,\n\nE.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Seth Caskey says\n\nFebruary 19, 2009 at 11:29 am\n\nExcellent post. I’ve read it twice now. I love this sentence.\n\n“Offer to share your personal stories, teach them things you’ve learned along\nthe way, talk about your failures and achievements, and ask them questions\nabout their own progress.”\n\nI’ve always believed in the power of sharing my own story to create a\npersonal, “I understand where you are” connection with others. Thanks for the\nreminder!\n\nReply\n\n 18. Mike King says\n\nFebruary 19, 2009 at 10:45 pm\n\n@GoldChest – Thanks for your experience here, it shows a great example of\nsomeone you admire who’s positive while inspiring you.\n\n@Armin – nice to see you over here, being a proponent for something with\nenthusiasm definitely goes a long way when hoping to inspire others.\n\n@Matt – so true, I love how passion and doing what you love can bleed into so\nmany areas of live it’s impossible NOT to inspire those who see that in you.\nThanks for your thoughts as well!\n\n@bunny – thanks so much, I truly believe it’s love that enables a noble\nmessage to be passed along and doing so through others is of course what makes\nit noble as well.\n\n@Christopher – thanks for the excellent compliment, I’m glad to have inspire\nyou with this list!\n\n@Marshall – isn’t that the truth. Always keeping that inspiration turned on is\ntiring to learn, but once you have it, it’s like you say, a habit and quite a\nmotivating force as you also start to see results from doing so. Glad you\nenjoyed the article and came to check it out here!\n\n@Eric – oh how much artists know about inspiration! They use it and pass it\nalong in everything they create, so true.\n\n@Seth – thanks so much, I always enjoy knowing which little segments act as a\npiece of inspiration in my articles, I appreciate you sharing that!\n\nMike @ LearnThis.ca\n\nReply\n\n 19. Arswino says\n\nFebruary 20, 2009 at 3:24 am\n\nHi Mike, nice to see you here. 🙂 I love your post. My favorite line is\nPractice What You Preach. I think it is the best part in acccordance with my\nexperiences. Thanks for sharing, Mike.\n\nReply\n\n 20. Dan Massicotte says\n\nFebruary 21, 2009 at 4:14 pm\n\nVery well written. It reminds me of my uncle who started off as a friend, and\nlater became a mentor by doing just the things in this list.\n\nReply\n\n 21. Lizwi says\n\nFebruary 28, 2009 at 5:09 am\n\nI like the notion of being passionate about something rather than being an\nexpert. Most of the time expertise is obtained as a result of being\npassionate. Passion will lead someone to discoveries in the subject he is\npassionate about.\n\nReply\n\n 22. April says\n\nMarch 1, 2009 at 4:50 am\n\nExcellent tips–I need to remember that people are always watching so I might\nas well inspire them and they will in turn inspire others. Keep up the great\nwork on your blog–you inspire me!\n\nReply\n\n 23. Nicolas | An Extra Hour Every Day says\n\nMarch 1, 2009 at 9:38 am\n\nThanks for this inspiring article. I really loved reading it. Before you can\ninspire others I think the highest priority is to be in peace with yourself.\n\nI live according to six basic values:\n\n– Relationships are the key to happiness – Self-development is in each\nindividual’s responsibility – Helping others also helps yourself – Diversity\nmakes life more interesting – We must live as one world – Every person has a\npurpose in life\n\nLiving by these values might inspire others. If it made a change for one\nperson only I had contributed in making the world a little bit better.\n\nReply\n\n 24. lawrence says\n\nJuly 17, 2009 at 3:17 am\n\nHello there. I’m from the Philippines, a Christian, taking up Bachelor of\nScience in Computer Science, and am striving to graduate with honors.\n\nI want to share what I’ve learned to all the people around me – to my\nclassmates, my fellow musicians (in the church), etc. – but, honestly, I\ndidn’t know how to start. I wanted to share not just my technical knowledge,\nbut more on perspectives, and attitudes.\n\nThanks for this blog. These are the things that did much impact to me:\n\n“Thinking big is not only about inspiring more people, but also about the\nimpact you have on each person.”\n\n“You make it much harder to inspire others if you are boring an[d]\nunenthusiastic.”\n\n“The best part of inspiring others is to have interest in not only what you\ndo, but to also recognize your followers and have an opportunity to see them\ngrow and change as well.”\n\nReply\n\n 25. Jason says\n\nNovember 25, 2009 at 1:20 am\n\nStunning... love this article. So glad you went over these key points,\nespecially here on such a well-viewed, well-respected site.\n\nInspiration is a powerful, powerful thing and I feel your practical tips and\nanalysis inspiring myself and others already.\n\nKeep rockin’ Mike. Thanks so much!\n\nReply\n\n 26. Creativity Trainer Harald says\n\nDecember 23, 2009 at 10:19 pm\n\nJust wanted to add one tip if you should be inspiring other people on large\nseminars.\n\nDuring brakes or in the end: ask them to find a partner and do a brief\ncoaching session with each-other, answering these questions: 1) What will you\ndo differently now? 2) How are you going to do it? 3) What are you going to\ndo, to make sure you succeed?\n\nI believe that people become most inspired when they are involved in\nconversations – when they have to say something about themselves.\n\nSo the trick is to get people to inspire themselves 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 27. Alberta Leong says\n\nFebruary 20, 2010 at 3:33 pm\n\nGreat article. No doubt about it. Cheers!\n\nReply\n\n 28. Khen says\n\nApril 29, 2011 at 4:45 am\n\nI really love every one of these points. Inspiring others is important.\n\nReply\n\n 29. MinionFactory says\n\nJuly 26, 2011 at 7:02 am\n\nWhat a great article! 🙂 For me, the points that really matter are – Passion,\nSticking with What You Love, and yes... Being Consistent. I think that only\nDreamers can change the world, and luckily we are all dreamers. 🙂 Thanks for\nsharing this!\n\nReply\n\n 30. insphigher1 says\n\nAugust 2, 2011 at 2:24 am\n\nI am extremely interested in the concept of inspiring others – I am soon to\nhave a journal article on the subject. Thanks for sharing your 8 ways to\ninspire others. I like the concept of story telling as a powerful tool for\ninspiring – it is a great way to help people create powerful pictures of\npotential.\n\nRegards Glenn\n\nReply\n\n 31. David says\n\nDecember 1, 2011 at 3:30 pm\n\nThis was very helpful. Thank You!\n\nReply\n\n 32. Cesar Arcos says\n\nMarch 6, 2012 at 1:38 am\n\nThanks for this article. I am a new father and would like to inspire my kids.\nJust reading through this already lifted me up and found more about myself.\nThanks to all who shared as well.\n\nReply\n\n 33. Angel says\n\nNovember 9, 2012 at 8:25 pm\n\nThis was a great article. I want to inspire others but i always hold my self\nback... but reading some of these points gave me the pep talk I needed. Thanks\nfor the boost of confidence.\n\nReply\n\n 34. Olakunle Ayodele says\n\nFebruary 7, 2013 at 6:28 am\n\nInspiring article, I have learned a few new things today.\n\nReply\n\n 35. Greet Cammu says\n\nMay 18, 2014 at 10:12 pm\n\nThank you so much for these great posts and inspirations that I used to\nknow... but have forgotten over the years.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Subscribe for Free\n\nJoin 130,000+ subscribers and get life-changing ideas in your inbox:\n\nThanks! 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Want to be a guest blogger?\n\nContact Us: marc [at] marcandangel [dot] com · Privacy Policy\n\nSite design by Brian Gardner\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.becomingminimalist.com/reasons-to-journal/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418141905/https://www.becomingminimalist.com/reasons-to-journal/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Journal: 8 Ways Keeping a Journal Can Help Your Goals", "passages": [ "“Always carry a notebook. And I mean always. The short-term memory only retains information for three minutes; unless it is committed to paper you can lose an idea forever.” – Will Self", "Many people are often interested in learning how to journal, but they’re unsure how keeping a journal can help them with their goals.", "This online journal of our journey into minimalism was not intentional. Originally, the Becoming Minimalist website began as simply a humble means to inform our extended family of our goals. But somewhere along the way, it became an important piece in helping us achieve them.", "Since then, I have used the discipline of keeping a journal to assist me in the pursuit of other life goals as well. And I have come to clearly recognize and appreciate its importance.", "1. Keeping a journal requires us to write out our goals. The importance of committing our desires to paper cannot be overstated. It is a simple process, but it pays great dividends. Writing out our goals provides the opportunity to articulate them clearly and makes their achievement appear closer.", "2. A journal serves as a permanent record of our progress. Success can be quickly forgotten. And when it is, it becomes easy to get frustrated with our pursuit. As with any pursuit, there are times we may feel like we have not accomplished anything despite all the invested effort and energy. During those moments, it is helpful to look back and be reminded of our past successes.", "3. Writing requires us to think through the why’s and the how’s. When we sit down behind a blank computer screen or sheet of paper and begin to write out what we accomplished during the day, we are forced to think through our process on a deeper level. The discipline forces us to answer the difficult questions of “why,” “how,” or “why not?” The answers to these questions are not just helpful as we move forward to repeat successes and avoid mistakes, they can be therapeutic as well.", "4. A journal proves we have solved problems in the past. Whether we are chasing a physical goal (26.2 miles), a career goal (start my own business), or a personal goal (become a better father), not every step in our pursuit is going to be easy... goals worth pursuing never are. At some point, we will be required to overcome adversity. But we will. And the next time we face it, we’ll find motivation and strength in our written record of overcoming it in the past.", "5. Keeping a journal naturally reminds us to articulate next steps. It is difficult to look back without also looking forward. As a result, when we journal, we naturally begin to look forward. And the next step becomes easier to see.", "6. Writing reminds us to think beyond the obvious. Always looking for “material to journal” has caused me to see the value of simplicity and minimalism in areas I would not normally have seen it ― whether it be an article in the newspaper, an advertisement on television, or a conversation with a friend. Likewise, writing causes us to become more intentional in any pursuit ― and to find inspiration beyond the obvious places right in front of us.", "7. Even a private journal provides accountability. As we script our journey, we find accountability ― not to the written word, but to ourselves. Our past success and perseverance compel us forward. We can see how far we’ve come, how much we have left to accomplish, and why giving up would be foolish.", "8. A written account allows our story to inspire others. Our journal is our story. It is our account of moving from Point A to Point B. And rightly shared, it can inspire others to do the same.", "• Find a form that is comfortable for you. At first, learning how to start journaling is simple. Choose the method you’re comfortable with. A journal should work for you ― not the other way around. You may feel most comfortable with a notebook, a blog, or an online writing app. Find a form that fits your personality and lifestyle. And embrace it.", "• Commit to writing every day. The intention of sitting to write every day will compel your mind to manufacture and recognize progress. It is a bold plan. And you’ll likely miss days. But don’t let that stop you. Commit again to write the next day.", "• Care more about substance and less about style. Write for yourself, not for others. As you do, write with the truest goal of putting onto paper your thoughts and action. Don’t worry about spelling and grammar if those things tend to bog you down. Your goal is not to get an “A.” Your goal is to articulate progress.", "• Don’t be motivated by length. There are some days where you’ll be motivated to write much. Other days, only a little.", "• Recognize our needs. Your story is important and is meant to be shared. It may be unique to you, but we desperately need to read it. Make sure we can.", "Learning how to start journaling is just the first step. The next, and most important, step is to simply begin.", "Joshua Becker is the WSJ Best-Selling author of The More of Less and The Minimalist Home. He has appeared on numerous media outlets including The NYT, WSJ, USA Today, and CBS.", "I’m 17. I’ve kept diaries on and off since I was about five years old where I wrote about anything from holidays I’d been on to getting stung by a bee. Looking back on them makes me really happy and I’m glad I wrote down those memories. My journal entries are sparse and few but from time to time I make myself write and i always feel great afterwards. Even when I feel as though I have nothing to write about the words just flow out onto the paper. Before I know it I’m left with the aftermath of a happy, relaxed state of mind and a hand-cramp.", "I’ve been writing in https://theprivatejournal.com (a super secure journaling web app that I build) for 1 month, and before that I’ve written in paper journals for a couple of years, and that is the most impressive thing to me. Our ability to see beyond the obvious when we have a “brain dump” ritual daily.", "Keeping a journal is so important to my own personal health that I even built a tool for myself called Journal.Today (https://www.journal.today).", "It’s free – I hope it helps those who can’t afford to grab a physical journal themselves or are always on the road.", "I’d got to the point of ending my life. But when started to write, and therefore notice my thoughts carefully, my life changed, now i’m 19, and i’m happier than i’ve ever been. Its not happienss, but being awake, and aware all the time that has become part of my existance. and my memory has become sharper than it used to be before, and i dont get angry anymore, because i can almost observe every up and down in the emotions as if they we’re someone else’s, and i can almost reson when before any irrational thought appears.", "I’m 17 years old. Good thing I started early. Yeah I’m going to be successful, maybe I’ll write a bestselling book too. Thanks for the amazing points dude, it helped.", "I just started my first diary been 22 right now, so I hope this would help me organize my inner toughts", "Thanks for sharing! I made a journaling app to improve my self-awareness and emotional intelligence. It’s a micro-journal (<140 character entries) so writing multiple entries a day takes a few minutes. Each entry is associated with a mood, so the app provides some really neat ways to self-reflect. For instance, I can see all the reasons of why I felt a particular mood (happy, sad, annoyed or stress) during the past few weeks. I’ve been using the app everyday for over 60 days and happier because of it. You can check out the free journal here – http://www.getstigma.com", "It’s difficult to find educated people in this particular subject, but you sound like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks", "Thanks for sharing your info. I really appreciate your efforts and I am waiting for your further write ups thanks once again.", "Hey are using WordPress for your site platform? I’m new to the blog world but I’m trying to get started and set up my own. Do you require any html coding expertise to make your own blog? Any help would be greatly appreciated!", "Hello, this weekend is fastidious in favor of me, since this occasion i am reading this impressive educational post here at my residence.", "I like what you guys tend to be up too. This type of clever work and coverage! Keep up the good works guys I’ve added you guys to blogroll.", "Howdy! I simply would like to give an enormous thumbs up for the nice info you could have here on this post.", "Heya! I just wanted to ask if you ever have any issues with hackers? My last blog (wordpress) was hacked and I ended up losing a few months of hard work due to no back up. Do you have any solutions to protect against hackers?", "Hi there very cool website!! Guy .. Beautiful .. Wonderful .. I will bookmark your blog and take the feeds also? I am satisfied to search out so many helpful info here within the submit, we want develop extra strategies in this regard, thank you for sharing. . . . . .", "Hey! I simply want to give an enormous thumbs up for the good information you have right here on this post.", "I do not even understand how I finished up here, however I assumed this submit was great. I don’t know who you’re however definitely you’re going to a famous blogger if you happen to are not already. Cheers!", "Hey! I simply would like to give an enormous thumbs up for the great information you may have right here on this post. I can be coming back to your weblog for more soon.", "Good reasons to help a journal reach the goal. Way ahead at times it causes a pretty good amount of distraction to cope up with the work management during journalism to help reach the goal. A proper work management does make a better sense to come up with the end result. During my journalism period, I was using the cloud based task management software from Replicon ( http://www.replicon.com/olp/task-management-software.aspx ) for the precise reach to the goals.", "Great article. I write journal to express myself better. So far so good, I’ve been using an Android app called JotterPad X. The app is very inspiring and motivating to get me started writing. http://2appstudio.com/jotterpadx/", "I’ve journaled for over 30 years but nothing has lifted my spirits as much as the gratitude journal I started a few months ago. In the past, I thought recording trials and bad feelings helped me release them. I see now that all it did was make them a permanent record. I’m now thinking of burning 30 years of journals. They served their purpose in helping me deal with things in the past, but are probably not anything my children will ever want to read, or NEED to read. The gratitude journal is only filled with positive, even if there is a trial, because I can see now that there is good, and often a lesson, in every thing.", "Good article. Really liked the part about articulating next steps. Really helps to get you out of that I’m stuck here mentality", "Keeping a journal also helps us build the perseverance habit, the habit of doing something everyday consistently for a defined purpose. Any worthwhile goal will require such character of discipline in a person who wants to achieve it.", "Can I receive a precise definition of what you call “minimalism”. Until today, it meant for me reducing things and events (even pleasant ones) and hopes to a minimal dimension. Is it what you mean here?", "I have been journaling almost consistently since the 2nd grade and now i’m in my freshman year of college and I can’t picture myself not journaling. It helps me so much to make decisions, clear my head, and to really understand what is important and what I want to focus on in life. Keep journaling! It’s the best thing you could ever do <3", "Misfortune in my case may not be what it seems to be as I lost my job over a year now. It has opened my path to minimalism and feel great to write about it in my journal. Every struggle, every goal but most importantly the accomplishments you can look back no matter how small and say wow. I use Day One for iPad since I like to add pics and be paper free. I love this new lifestyle.", "For some reason whenever I sat in front of my little moleskine notebook I would feel the pressure to be smart, profound, good (whatever that means), or funny. Then I would end up frustrated and never write anything.", "Writing down the highlights of my day took away the pressure for me. I don’t know why, but it worked. Now everyday when I grab my Moleskine, I start with the highlights of my day, and stuff just seems to flow from there.", "And if I might echo much of what you just said using a slightly altered quote from Beattie, “Journaling (Gratitude) makes sense of our past, brings peace for today, and creates a vision for tomorrow.”", "Writing every day on my blog works for me. On a private level I record my spending daily as this is also a valuable discipline. Next, I plan to keep a private gratitude journal. Thanks for the motivation :)", "...in the beginning my mother verbalized (in several different ways), “Why do you have a blog?” And, I tried to explain, “it keeps me honest, it is a good exercise for me to write even when I don’t feel like it and the kids might one day want to read it.” She is still skeptical, but she is coming around.", "Oh, I hate this frustrating feeling that goes with losing and idea and never being able to remember what it was... thank you for sharing these tips!", "I have been journaling since the age of 13. Being a teenager in a Moslem country was difficult to say the least. I used my journals as a means of getting away from the tough, everyday problems, and challenges, and to figure out what I wanted to do with my life. I used it to solve the daily existential angst that plagued me. I do not believe I would be the person I am today, if I did not have the solace of my journal.", "When I wake up in the morning I sit down for a few minutes and write things I have to acomplish today.", "Joshua Becker, I am just simply wondering when this article was published because I am actually using it in a research paper, please let me know through email thanks, becky", "In striving for minimalism I’ve tried to go paper free. I’ve tried using my iphone, my computer, etc... as my journal. For me it just doesn’t work, not when I just need to scribble down an idea, a goal, or a new plan. I’m old school I guess. I need a pen and paper to write my thoughts.", "Dan, I am the same way: There is something about the act of writing something vs typing it. But I am doing my best to eliminate paper in my life as well. I have reached a happy compromise by using my iPad and the Notability app and writing with a stylus. Most mornings I open a new “page” and write on the screen just like I used to in my trusty paper journal. I get the satisfaction of my own cursive handwriting, but the efficiency of a paperless system. I also have the added benefit of being able to sort, save, and highlight the important parts of my ramblings.", "Write it on a white board, photograph it and pop it on your online journal as a photo. Next day wipe your white board clean and start over...", "Own less, live more, and create space for the things you love. Get new posts delivered right to your inbox:" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Journal: 8 Ways Keeping a Journal Can Help Your Goals\n\nBecoming Minimalist\n\nOwn less. Live more. Finding minimalism in a world of consumerism.\n\n# 8 Reasons Keeping a Journal Can Help You Reach Your Goals\n\nWritten by joshua becker · 59 Comments\n\n“Always carry a notebook. And I mean always. The short-term memory only\nretains information for three minutes; unless it is committed to paper you can\nlose an idea forever.” – Will Self\n\nMany people are often interested in learning how to journal, but they’re\nunsure how keeping a journal can help them with their goals.\n\nThis online journal of our journey into minimalism was not intentional.\nOriginally, the Becoming Minimalist website began as simply a humble means to\ninform our extended family of our goals. But somewhere along the way, it\nbecame an important piece in helping us achieve them.\n\nSince then, I have used the discipline of keeping a journal to assist me in\nthe pursuit of other life goals as well. And I have come to clearly recognize\nand appreciate its importance.\n\n## 8 Benefits of Keeping a Journal\n\nConsider these benefits of keeping a journal:\n\n1\\. Keeping a journal requires us to write out our goals. The importance of\ncommitting our desires to paper cannot be overstated. It is a simple process,\nbut it pays great dividends. Writing out our goals provides the opportunity to\narticulate them clearly and makes their achievement appear closer.\n\n2\\. A journal serves as a permanent record of our progress. Success can be\nquickly forgotten. And when it is, it becomes easy to get frustrated with our\npursuit. As with any pursuit, there are times we may feel like we have not\naccomplished anything despite all the invested effort and energy. During those\nmoments, it is helpful to look back and be reminded of our past successes.\n\n3\\. Writing requires us to think through the why’s and the how’s. When we sit\ndown behind a blank computer screen or sheet of paper and begin to write out\nwhat we accomplished during the day, we are forced to think through our\nprocess on a deeper level. The discipline forces us to answer the difficult\nquestions of “why,” “how,” or “why not?” The answers to these questions are\nnot just helpful as we move forward to repeat successes and avoid mistakes,\nthey can be therapeutic as well.\n\n4\\. A journal proves we have solved problems in the past. Whether we are\nchasing a physical goal (26.2 miles), a career goal (start my own business),\nor a personal goal (become a better father), not every step in our pursuit is\ngoing to be easy... goals worth pursuing never are. At some point, we will be\nrequired to overcome adversity. But we will. And the next time we face it,\nwe’ll find motivation and strength in our written record of overcoming it in\nthe past.\n\n5\\. Keeping a journal naturally reminds us to articulate next steps. It is\ndifficult to look back without also looking forward. As a result, when we\njournal, we naturally begin to look forward. And the next step becomes easier\nto see.\n\n6\\. Writing reminds us to think beyond the obvious. Always looking for\n“material to journal” has caused me to see the value of simplicity and\nminimalism in areas I would not normally have seen it ― whether it be an\narticle in the newspaper, an advertisement on television, or a conversation\nwith a friend. Likewise, writing causes us to become more intentional in any\npursuit ― and to find inspiration beyond the obvious places right in front of\nus.\n\n7\\. Even a private journal provides accountability. As we script our journey,\nwe find accountability ― not to the written word, but to ourselves. Our past\nsuccess and perseverance compel us forward. We can see how far we’ve come, how\nmuch we have left to accomplish, and why giving up would be foolish.\n\n8\\. A written account allows our story to inspire others. Our journal is our\nstory. It is our account of moving from Point A to Point B. And rightly\nshared, it can inspire others to do the same.\n\n## How to Journal\n\n• Find a form that is comfortable for you. At first, learning how to start\njournaling is simple. Choose the method you’re comfortable with. A journal\nshould work for you ― not the other way around. You may feel most comfortable\nwith a notebook, a blog, or an online writing app. Find a form that fits your\npersonality and lifestyle. And embrace it.\n\n• Commit to writing every day. The intention of sitting to write every day\nwill compel your mind to manufacture and recognize progress. It is a bold\nplan. And you’ll likely miss days. But don’t let that stop you. Commit again\nto write the next day.\n\n• Care more about substance and less about style. Write for yourself, not for\nothers. As you do, write with the truest goal of putting onto paper your\nthoughts and action. Don’t worry about spelling and grammar if those things\ntend to bog you down. Your goal is not to get an “A.” Your goal is to\narticulate progress.\n\n• Don’t be motivated by length. There are some days where you’ll be motivated\nto write much. Other days, only a little.\n\n• Recognize our needs. Your story is important and is meant to be shared. It\nmay be unique to you, but we desperately need to read it. Make sure we can.\n\nLearning how to start journaling is just the first step. The next, and most\nimportant, step is to simply begin.\n\nImage: thomaseagle\n\nAbout Joshua Becker\n\nJoshua Becker is the WSJ Best-Selling author of The More of Less and The\nMinimalist Home. He has appeared on numerous media outlets including The NYT,\nWSJ, USA Today, and CBS.\n\nFollow on TwitterLike on Facebook\n\n#### RECEIVE ARTICLES BY EMAIL\n\nSign up below and we'll deliver new articles directly to your inbox.\n\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Lizy says\n\nOctober 14, 2016 at 6:46 PM\n\nThanks, this was very helpful!!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Grace says\n\nApril 17, 2016 at 6:16 AM\n\nI’m 17. I’ve kept diaries on and off since I was about five years old where I\nwrote about anything from holidays I’d been on to getting stung by a bee.\nLooking back on them makes me really happy and I’m glad I wrote down those\nmemories. My journal entries are sparse and few but from time to time I make\nmyself write and i always feel great afterwards. Even when I feel as though I\nhave nothing to write about the words just flow out onto the paper. Before I\nknow it I’m left with the aftermath of a happy, relaxed state of mind and a\nhand-cramp.\n\nReply\n\n * Carol Terry says\n\nOctober 17, 2016 at 8:45 AM\n\nGrace, you may be my new hero! You are helping to inspire me!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Ricardo Gomes says\n\nJune 29, 2015 at 1:09 PM\n\nHi Joshua\n\nGreat article, I particularly agree with 6, that it allows us to think beyond\nthe obvious.\n\nI’ve been writing in https://theprivatejournal.com (a super secure journaling\nweb app that I build) for 1 month, and before that I’ve written in paper\njournals for a couple of years, and that is the most impressive thing to me.\nOur ability to see beyond the obvious when we have a “brain dump” ritual\ndaily.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Jesse Hanley says\n\nJune 2, 2015 at 11:44 PM\n\nI really couldn’t agree more.\n\nKeeping a journal is so important to my own personal health that I even built\na tool for myself called Journal.Today (https://www.journal.today).\n\nIt’s free – I hope it helps those who can’t afford to grab a physical journal\nthemselves or are always on the road.\n\nReply\n\n * douglas says\n\nOctober 25, 2016 at 12:40 AM\n\nI’d got to the point of ending my life. But when started to write, and\ntherefore notice my thoughts carefully, my life changed, now i’m 19, and i’m\nhappier than i’ve ever been. Its not happienss, but being awake, and aware all\nthe time that has become part of my existance. and my memory has become\nsharper than it used to be before, and i dont get angry anymore, because i can\nalmost observe every up and down in the emotions as if they we’re someone\nelse’s, and i can almost reson when before any irrational thought appears.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Ero says\n\nApril 18, 2015 at 1:02 AM\n\nApril 2015 here. thanks for your blog.it really helps\n\nReply\n\n 6. эмулятор андроид says\n\nMarch 23, 2015 at 11:43 PM\n\nПривет I проверить вашего новый материал ежедневно . Ваше юмористической стиль\nостроумный, держите его!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Light says\n\nFebruary 11, 2015 at 1:49 PM\n\nI’m 17 years old. Good thing I started early. Yeah I’m going to be successful,\nmaybe I’ll write a bestselling book too. Thanks for the amazing points dude,\nit helped.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Ian Chávez says\n\nJanuary 23, 2015 at 1:28 AM\n\nI just started my first diary been 22 right now, so I hope this would help me\norganize my inner toughts\n\nReply\n\n 9. Dan Seider says\n\nJanuary 2, 2015 at 11:37 AM\n\nThanks for sharing! I made a journaling app to improve my self-awareness and\nemotional intelligence. It’s a micro-journal (<140 character entries) so\nwriting multiple entries a day takes a few minutes. Each entry is associated\nwith a mood, so the app provides some really neat ways to self-reflect. For\ninstance, I can see all the reasons of why I felt a particular mood (happy,\nsad, annoyed or stress) during the past few weeks. I’ve been using the app\neveryday for over 60 days and happier because of it. You can check out the\nfree journal here – http://www.getstigma.com\n\nReply\n\n 10. 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Cheers!\n\nReply\n\n 30. seo網路行銷 says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 2:50 AM\n\nHey! I simply would like to give an enormous thumbs up for the great\ninformation you may have right here on this post. I can be coming back to your\nweblog for more soon.\n\nReply\n\n 31. SEO says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 12:30 AM\n\nExcellent keen analytical attention pertaining to fine detail and can\nanticipate problems just before they will take place.\n\nReply\n\n 32. Robert Macklyn says\n\nJanuary 23, 2014 at 9:55 PM\n\nGood reasons to help a journal reach the goal. Way ahead at times it causes a\npretty good amount of distraction to cope up with the work management during\njournalism to help reach the goal. A proper work management does make a better\nsense to come up with the end result. During my journalism period, I was using\nthe cloud based task management software from Replicon (\nhttp://www.replicon.com/olp/task-management-software.aspx ) for the precise\nreach to the goals.\n\nReply\n\n 33. tym says\n\nDecember 26, 2013 at 7:22 PM\n\nCiekawa fizyka sprawdzian do pobrania\n\nReply\n\n 34. Jonathan says\n\nDecember 26, 2013 at 7:46 AM\n\nGreat article. I write journal to express myself better. So far so good, I’ve\nbeen using an Android app called JotterPad X. The app is very inspiring and\nmotivating to get me started writing. http://2appstudio.com/jotterpadx/\n\nReply\n\n * into leasing says\n\nJuly 21, 2014 at 6:34 PM\n\nYup, that’ll do it. You have my appreciation.\n\nReply\n\n 35. Joyce says\n\nDecember 18, 2013 at 10:03 AM\n\nI’ve journaled for over 30 years but nothing has lifted my spirits as much as\nthe gratitude journal I started a few months ago. In the past, I thought\nrecording trials and bad feelings helped me release them. I see now that all\nit did was make them a permanent record. I’m now thinking of burning 30 years\nof journals. They served their purpose in helping me deal with things in the\npast, but are probably not anything my children will ever want to read, or\nNEED to read. The gratitude journal is only filled with positive, even if\nthere is a trial, because I can see now that there is good, and often a\nlesson, in every thing.\n\nReply\n\n 36. Leenie says\n\nDecember 18, 2013 at 3:44 AM\n\nPerfect timing. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 37. Matthew says\n\nSeptember 2, 2013 at 3:09 PM\n\nGood article. Really liked the part about articulating next steps. Really\nhelps to get you out of that I’m stuck here mentality\n\nReply\n\n * cheapest insurence for beginner drivers says\n\nApril 15, 2014 at 7:02 AM\n\nA little rationality lifts the quality of the debate here. Thanks for\ncontributing!\n\nReply\n\n * buy cheap cilias on line says\n\nApril 23, 2014 at 8:59 AM\n\nYou’re the greatest! JMHO\n\nReply\n\n 38. Harry @ GoalsOnTrack says\n\nAugust 2, 2013 at 3:02 PM\n\nKeeping a journal also helps us build the perseverance habit, the habit of\ndoing something everyday consistently for a defined purpose. Any worthwhile\ngoal will require such character of discipline in a person who wants to\nachieve it.\n\nCheck out my website for an online journal tool.:-)\n\nReply\n\n 39. Adiel Caspi says\n\nJuly 28, 2013 at 12:01 AM\n\nCan I receive a precise definition of what you call “minimalism”. Until today,\nit meant for me reducing things and events (even pleasant ones) and hopes to a\nminimal dimension. Is it what you mean here?\n\nReply\n\n 40. Tammy says\n\nNovember 18, 2012 at 9:10 AM\n\nI have been journaling almost consistently since the 2nd grade and now i’m in\nmy freshman year of college and I can’t picture myself not journaling. It\nhelps me so much to make decisions, clear my head, and to really understand\nwhat is important and what I want to focus on in life. Keep journaling! It’s\nthe best thing you could ever do <3\n\nReply\n\n 41. Orlando says\n\nOctober 30, 2012 at 12:35 PM\n\nMisfortune in my case may not be what it seems to be as I lost my job over a\nyear now. It has opened my path to minimalism and feel great to write about it\nin my journal. Every struggle, every goal but most importantly the\naccomplishments you can look back no matter how small and say wow. I use Day\nOne for iPad since I like to add pics and be paper free. I love this new\nlifestyle.\n\nReply\n\n 42. Dan says\n\nOctober 30, 2012 at 11:37 AM\n\nI struggled with journaling for a long time.\n\nFor some reason whenever I sat in front of my little moleskine notebook I\nwould feel the pressure to be smart, profound, good (whatever that means), or\nfunny. Then I would end up frustrated and never write anything.\n\nThen I got a tip that changed changed all that, and ever since, I’ve been\nconsistent.\n\nWrite down the highlights of your day.\n\nWriting down the highlights of my day took away the pressure for me. I don’t\nknow why, but it worked. Now everyday when I grab my Moleskine, I start with\nthe highlights of my day, and stuff just seems to flow from there.\n\nAnd if I might echo much of what you just said using a slightly altered quote\nfrom Beattie, “Journaling (Gratitude) makes sense of our past, brings peace\nfor today, and creates a vision for tomorrow.”\n\nThanks, Joshua!\n\nReply\n\n 43. Claire/Just a little less says\n\nOctober 30, 2012 at 12:01 AM\n\nWriting every day on my blog works for me. On a private level I record my\nspending daily as this is also a valuable discipline. Next, I plan to keep a\nprivate gratitude journal. Thanks for the motivation :)\n\nReply\n\n * joshua becker says\n\nOctober 30, 2012 at 7:51 AM\n\nYou are welcome Claire. I have also always considered this blog as my personal\njournal into minimalism.\n\nReply\n\n 44. Kerry- The Simple Year says\n\nOctober 29, 2012 at 7:38 PM\n\n...in the beginning my mother verbalized (in several different ways), “Why do\nyou have a blog?” And, I tried to explain, “it keeps me honest, it is a good\nexercise for me to write even when I don’t feel like it and the kids might one\nday want to read it.” She is still skeptical, but she is coming around.\n\nReply\n\n 45. Clay says\n\nOctober 29, 2012 at 12:36 PM\n\nOh, I hate this frustrating feeling that goes with losing and idea and never\nbeing able to remember what it was... thank you for sharing these tips!\n\nReply\n\n 46. Brown Vagabonder says\n\nOctober 29, 2012 at 6:41 AM\n\nI have been journaling since the age of 13. Being a teenager in a Moslem\ncountry was difficult to say the least. I used my journals as a means of\ngetting away from the tough, everyday problems, and challenges, and to figure\nout what I wanted to do with my life. I used it to solve the daily existential\nangst that plagued me. I do not believe I would be the person I am today, if I\ndid not have the solace of my journal.\n\nReply\n\n * joshua becker says\n\nOctober 30, 2012 at 7:50 AM\n\nThanks so much for sharing your experience. I appreciate the encouragement.\n\nReply\n\n 47. Ion Doaga says\n\nOctober 29, 2012 at 5:26 AM\n\nI use this website http://todoist.com for journaling.\n\nThoughts come and go very fast and this website helps me to write them down\npretty fast.\n\nWhen I wake up in the morning I sit down for a few minutes and write things I\nhave to acomplish today.\n\nReply\n\n * joshua becker says\n\nOctober 30, 2012 at 7:50 AM\n\nThanks for the tip Ion.\n\nReply\n\n * Becky says\n\nNovember 17, 2015 at 1:15 PM\n\nJoshua Becker, I am just simply wondering when this article was published\nbecause I am actually using it in a research paper, please let me know through\nemail thanks, becky\n\nReply\n\n 48. ZenPresence.com says\n\nOctober 29, 2012 at 4:21 AM\n\n“Find a form that is comfortable for you.”\n\nIn striving for minimalism I’ve tried to go paper free. I’ve tried using my\niphone, my computer, etc... as my journal. For me it just doesn’t work, not\nwhen I just need to scribble down an idea, a goal, or a new plan. I’m old\nschool I guess. I need a pen and paper to write my thoughts.\n\nDan @ ZenPresence.com\n\nReply\n\n * Deanne says\n\nOctober 29, 2012 at 8:49 PM\n\nDan, I am the same way: There is something about the act of writing something\nvs typing it. But I am doing my best to eliminate paper in my life as well. I\nhave reached a happy compromise by using my iPad and the Notability app and\nwriting with a stylus. Most mornings I open a new “page” and write on the\nscreen just like I used to in my trusty paper journal. I get the satisfaction\nof my own cursive handwriting, but the efficiency of a paperless system. I\nalso have the added benefit of being able to sort, save, and highlight the\nimportant parts of my ramblings.\n\nThanks for a helpful article, Joshua!\n\nReply\n\n * Vicky Mattison says\n\nJuly 23, 2013 at 12:51 PM\n\nWrite it on a white board, photograph it and pop it on your online journal as\na photo. Next day wipe your white board clean and start over...\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### 1 MILLION READERS CAN’T BE WRONG.\n\nOwn less, live more, and create space for the things you love. Get new posts\ndelivered right to your inbox:\n\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\n\nCopyright © 2021 Joshua Becker · Design by Brian Gardner · Archives · Search\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.marcandangel.com/2012/02/13/18-ways-to-inspire-everyone-around-you/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210716060154/https://www.marcandangel.com/2012/02/13/18-ways-to-inspire-everyone-around-you/", "parsed_text": { "title": "18 Ways To Inspire Everyone Around You", "passages": [ "When you learn a new way to think, you can master a new way to be... via Private Life Coaching.", "Live by choice, not by chance. Make changes, not excuses. Be motivated, not manipulated. Work to excel, not compete. Listen to your own inner voice, not the jumbled opinions of everyone else.", "Be authentic and true to yourself. – In this crazy world that’s trying to make you like everyone else, find the courage to keep being your awesome self. Embrace that individual inside you that has ideas, strengths and beauty like no one else. Be the person you know yourself to be – the best version of you – on your terms. Above all, be true to YOU, and if you cannot put your heart in it, take yourself out of it. No it won’t always be easy; because when it comes to living as a compassionate, non-judgmental human being, the only challenge greater than learning to walk a mile in someone else’s shoes, is learning to walk a lifetime, comfortably in your own.", "Stick with what you love. – Take part in something you believe in. This could be anything. Some people take an active role in their local city council, some find refuge in religious faith, some join social clubs supporting causes they believe in, and others find passion in their work. In each case the psychological outcome is the same. They engage themselves in something they strongly believe in. This engagement brings happiness and meaning into their lives. It’s hard not to be inspired by someone who’s passionate about what they’re doing.", "Express your enthusiasm. – Passion is something you must be willing to express if you want to inspire others. You can gain a lot of influence just by publicly expressing that you are excited and passionate about a topic. Expressive passion is contagious because of the curiosity it stirs in others. You’ll get people wondering why you love what you love so much. Naturally, some of them will take the time necessary to understand what it is about the topic that moves you. (Read How To Win Friends and Influence People.)", "Excel at what you do. – People watch what you do more than they listen to what you say. Be someone worth emulating. Most people are inspired by GREAT musicians, writers, painters, speakers, entrepreneurs, engineers, mothers, fathers, athletes, etc. There’s only one thing they all have in common: They excel at what they do. There’s no point in doing something if you aren’t going to do it right. Excel at your work and excel at your hobbies. Develop a reputation for yourself, a reputation for consistent excellence.", "Focus on building your character. – Be more concerned with your character than your reputation. Your character is what you really are, while your reputation is merely what others temporarily think you are. A genuinely good character always shines and inspires in the long run.", "Challenge people to do their best. – As Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, “Our chief want is someone who will inspire us to be what we know we could be.” If people know we expect great things from them, they will often go to great lengths to live up to our expectations.", "Lead by example. – Practice what you preach or don’t preach at all. Walk the talk! Be the change you want to see in the world. If you really want to inspire others to do something, then this ‘something’ should be a big part of your life. You don’t necessarily need to be an expert at it, but you do need to be passionately involved.", "Articulate what everyone else is thinking. – We are very connected to each other in various ways, the most important of which is our thoughts. Out of fear, or passive shyness, lots of people hesitate to articulate their thoughts. If you take the risk and say the things others are holding back, you become the glue that brings people together.", "Make people feel good about themselves. – People will rarely remember what you did, but they will always remember how you made them feel. Start noticing what you like about others and tell them. Go out of your way to personally acknowledge and complement the people who have gone out of their way to excel. As von Goethe once said, “Treat a man as he appears to be, and you make him worse. But treat a man as if he already were what he potentially could be, and you make him what he should be.”", "Help people heal. – Instead of judging people by their past, stand by them and help repair their future. In life, you get what you put in. When you make a positive impact in someone else’s life, you also make a positive impact in your own life. Do something that’s greater than you – something that helps someone else to be happy or to suffer less. Everyone values the gift of unexpected assistance and those who supply it.", "Share lessons from your successes and failures. – When you can, be a resource to those around you. If you have access to essential information, don’t hoard it, share it openly. You have more to share than you realize. Mine the rich experiences of your life and share your wisdom from your unique point of view. Be vulnerable. Be willing to share your failures as well as your successes. Others will relate to you. They’ll understand that they’re not the only ones with challenges. (Read The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People.)", "Keep your cool in tense situations. – What you do in a tense situation says a lot about your limits. People take note of how far the pressure or social discomfort around you goes until you lose control of yourself and the situation. President Obama, who often displays a calm and collected persona, had a joke in his speech at the White House Correspondent’s Dinner awhile back where he said, “In the next 100 days, I will strongly consider losing my cool.” Obviously this made him appear even more calm and collected. Bottom line: Keeping your cool in tense situations lets people know you have a mind of steel – a personality trait most people are drawn to.", "Focus on the positive. – Be happy with who you are now, and let your positivity inspire your journey into tomorrow. Everything that happens in life is neither good nor bad. It just depends on your perspective. And no matter how it turns out, it always ends up just the way it should. Either you succeed or you learn something. So stay positive, appreciate the pleasant outcomes, and learn from the rest. Your positivity will help encourage those around you.", "Keep your promises and tell the truth. – Inspire people with your dependability and commitment to the truth. If you say you’re going to do something, DO IT! If you say you’re going to be somewhere, BE THERE! If you say you feel something, MEAN IT! If you can’t, won’t, and don’t, then DON’T LIE. It’s always better to tell people the truth up front. (Read The Four Agreements.)", "Listen intently to what others say. – Make people feel important, and inspire them by showing them that they are. Eyes focused, ears tuned, mobile phone off. In a world that can’t move fast enough, someone who can find time to listen to others is always appreciated.", "Communicate clearly. – Mystery does not inspire. Say what you mean and mean what you say. Share your vision and ideas often with those around you. Also, be sure to maintain eye contact when communicating; it’s one of the most alluring forms of personal communication. When executed properly, eye contact injects closeness into human interaction, which captivates attention.", "Be faithful to your significant other. – There’s nothing more inspiring than the unwavering love and commitment between two individuals. Furthermore, your sustained fidelity in a long-term intimate relationship creates a healthy foundation for everything else you do.", "In the end, everything you need to inspire everyone around you is contained within you. So get out there and start inspiring people with who you are and how you live your life.", "Our being and doing are more effective and influential than any concepts or philosophies we may preach. I fully believe we need to walk our talk.", "I rarely find ‘advice and opinion’ websites compelling. I found my way here via a friends Facebook post and found myself devouring your blog – not because you have revealed secrets that were previously unknown to me, but because you have organized what I have already learned into easily usable ‘action’ statements and to-do / to-day lists. Kudos and thank you both.", "Great article! Thanks for shedding light on all the necessary components of transforming from a mere mortal to a enlightened being. 🙂", "Thanks for the awesome posts! I have forwarded your articles many times and everyone loves the stuff you share. Keep it coming 🙂", "Your blogs are essential to the mind numbing environment we live in these days. I’m sure a lot of us think of these tips, maybe not as much as we should, but it is so refreshing to have them brought to front of our minds. Thanks", "Hi Marc and Angel. I have been enjoying your posts, and this one in particular has really “inspired” me. 🙂 I would love to write about it on my blog, and put a link to your website. Hope that’s okay.", "Awesome post! All are very true principles to live by. I’d also like to suggest a 19th way – Express gratitude.", "I love your blog, always inspires me and lifts my personal expectations for myself higher. In point #10 however, credit should be given to Maya Angelou for the statement of people not remembering what you did, but remembering how you made them feel.", "Hi Marc & Angel I really enjoy your posts. I actually read one of your posts every day just to remind me that I am able to enjoy a better life, and that it ́s my choice to work toward it.", "I look forward to Monday because I know that something good is coming from Marc and Angel. You all brighten my life!", "I’ve only been receiving your posts a short time, but I enjoy and gain so much from each one. Thank you for sharing your positive outlooks.", "I totally agree with no. 14 “Focus on the positive”. I think that most people are focus on what is not working in their life, and what they don’t have. I am sure that not everything is colored with black in their life.", "In my opinion this is only a matter of choice. They can choose to focus on the green, pink and red colures in their life. As a result they will be much happier and grateful.", "Marc and Angel, Thank you SO much for the compilations of insights that you continue to share, and for always inspiring your legions of fans.", "This is another great list, but there’s something about expressing enthusiasm that stands out to me as the best of the best.", "Everything you mentioned here...doing what we love, communicating with people, keeping a positive attitude, helping others...it’s all magnified a million times when done with enthusiasm.", "People feel inspired when they know that whatever action you’re taking, no matter how much or little it serves them, is done from an enthusiastically inspired place in your own heart.", "Sharing your own real life stories is imperative. I find others stories and lessons in life to be greatly inspirational. I think that’s the only way to really see that you are not alone in this world and that you are on a path that other people have been done, and survived!", "Comprehensive as always but especially your style of writing makes it seem like you are my neighbor who I have known for years and we are talking about life while leaning over the fence.", "Especially love your quotes and classic book recommendations... titles, so familiar and known that make instant connections with prior knowledge. It is great to get these refresher insights.", "I am curious what your first writing topic was before you started the blog... back in the days of the pen and paper not the keyboard of today.", "I don’t know how you put out such comprehensive posts each and every time...but I soak-up every one of them. Very inspiring. Thank you.", "How to be inspiring from the man himself – thank you Marc for another great post. One recurring theme that I think covers all your points is focusing on your self first before you endeavor to inspire others. As Mahatma Gandhi said – “Be the change you want to see in the world “.", "I loved these starting lines “Live by choice, not by chance. Make changes, not excuses. Be motivated, not manipulated. Work to excel, not compete. Listen to your own inner voice, not the jumbled opinions of everyone else.”", "But I don’t think President Obama is a healthy example of a calm, collected, mind of steel considering his disregard for human rights in the Middle East and civil liberties here at home.", "A great post and a great reminder that along the way we impact everyone around us with our actions. It’s all about building good character and setting an example of how that can bring us a great life.", "Wow! This blog really inspires the whole of me. I don’t know how to thank you guys enough. You really have an invaluably pernicious thing to share.", "I am very grateful I found your site. This was an inspiring and motivating read. I can’t wait to read more. Thank you.", "Wow, this is a nice post. Will certainly use the ideas for our site and probably link to it. Great!", "There is a reason why I found this website. I am absolutely grateful for this message. It’s conveyed in the way that I needed to hear today. Thank you so much. You have no idea the impact this will have on me and then on others as I share the inspiration and energy that poured into me from your message. Let’s keep spreading this love. I am. We are.", "Walk like you’re free ! Talk like you’re free!! But in order to be truly free, you must be able to think like you’re free! Words are not just words The ones that you recite over and over reveal your heartfelt thinking Be courageous enough to learn the truth! You will acquire", "– Freedom from people pleasing – Freedom from the bondage of low hope, and worry – Freedom from self-sabotage – Freedom to do the right thing no matter how you’re feeling (angry? Do the right thing! Feeling betrayed? Do the right thing, etc ..) – Freedom to practice spiritual principles even if the crowd, just don’t understand and thinks you’re not standing up for yourself ( vengeance is mine saith the Lord)" ] }, "parsed_md": "18 Ways To Inspire Everyone Around You\n\nWhen you learn a new way to think, you can master a new way to be... via\nPrivate Life Coaching.\n\nMarc and Angel Hack Life\n\nPractical Tips for Productive Living\n\n# 18 Ways To Inspire Everyone Around You\n\nWritten by Marc Chernoff // 47 Comments\n\nLive by choice, not by chance. Make changes, not excuses. Be motivated, not\nmanipulated. Work to excel, not compete. Listen to your own inner voice, not\nthe jumbled opinions of everyone else.\n\nThis is the way to inspire people! This is how you can grow into the best\nversion of YOU!\n\nHere are a few more ideas to get you started with inspiring everyone around\nyou:\n\n 1. Be authentic and true to yourself. – In this crazy world that’s trying to make you like everyone else, find the courage to keep being your awesome self. Embrace that individual inside you that has ideas, strengths and beauty like no one else. Be the person you know yourself to be – the best version of you – on your terms. Above all, be true to YOU, and if you cannot put your heart in it, take yourself out of it. No it won’t always be easy; because when it comes to living as a compassionate, non-judgmental human being, the only challenge greater than learning to walk a mile in someone else’s shoes, is learning to walk a lifetime, comfortably in your own.\n 2. Stick with what you love. – Take part in something you believe in. This could be anything. Some people take an active role in their local city council, some find refuge in religious faith, some join social clubs supporting causes they believe in, and others find passion in their work. In each case the psychological outcome is the same. They engage themselves in something they strongly believe in. This engagement brings happiness and meaning into their lives. It’s hard not to be inspired by someone who’s passionate about what they’re doing.\n 3. Express your enthusiasm. – Passion is something you must be willing to express if you want to inspire others. You can gain a lot of influence just by publicly expressing that you are excited and passionate about a topic. Expressive passion is contagious because of the curiosity it stirs in others. You’ll get people wondering why you love what you love so much. Naturally, some of them will take the time necessary to understand what it is about the topic that moves you. (Read How To Win Friends and Influence People.)\n 4. Excel at what you do. – People watch what you do more than they listen to what you say. Be someone worth emulating. Most people are inspired by GREAT musicians, writers, painters, speakers, entrepreneurs, engineers, mothers, fathers, athletes, etc. There’s only one thing they all have in common: They excel at what they do. There’s no point in doing something if you aren’t going to do it right. Excel at your work and excel at your hobbies. Develop a reputation for yourself, a reputation for consistent excellence.\n 5. Focus on building your character. – Be more concerned with your character than your reputation. Your character is what you really are, while your reputation is merely what others temporarily think you are. A genuinely good character always shines and inspires in the long run.\n 6. Care about people. – People don’t care about how much you know, until they know how much you care.\n 7. Challenge people to do their best. – As Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, “Our chief want is someone who will inspire us to be what we know we could be.” If people know we expect great things from them, they will often go to great lengths to live up to our expectations.\n 8. Lead by example. – Practice what you preach or don’t preach at all. Walk the talk! Be the change you want to see in the world. If you really want to inspire others to do something, then this ‘something’ should be a big part of your life. You don’t necessarily need to be an expert at it, but you do need to be passionately involved.\n 9. Articulate what everyone else is thinking. – We are very connected to each other in various ways, the most important of which is our thoughts. Out of fear, or passive shyness, lots of people hesitate to articulate their thoughts. If you take the risk and say the things others are holding back, you become the glue that brings people together.\n 10. Make people feel good about themselves. – People will rarely remember what you did, but they will always remember how you made them feel. Start noticing what you like about others and tell them. Go out of your way to personally acknowledge and complement the people who have gone out of their way to excel. As von Goethe once said, “Treat a man as he appears to be, and you make him worse. But treat a man as if he already were what he potentially could be, and you make him what he should be.”\n 11. Help people heal. – Instead of judging people by their past, stand by them and help repair their future. In life, you get what you put in. When you make a positive impact in someone else’s life, you also make a positive impact in your own life. Do something that’s greater than you – something that helps someone else to be happy or to suffer less. Everyone values the gift of unexpected assistance and those who supply it.\n 12. Share lessons from your successes and failures. – When you can, be a resource to those around you. If you have access to essential information, don’t hoard it, share it openly. You have more to share than you realize. Mine the rich experiences of your life and share your wisdom from your unique point of view. Be vulnerable. Be willing to share your failures as well as your successes. Others will relate to you. They’ll understand that they’re not the only ones with challenges. (Read The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People.)\n 13. Keep your cool in tense situations. – What you do in a tense situation says a lot about your limits. People take note of how far the pressure or social discomfort around you goes until you lose control of yourself and the situation. President Obama, who often displays a calm and collected persona, had a joke in his speech at the White House Correspondent’s Dinner awhile back where he said, “In the next 100 days, I will strongly consider losing my cool.” Obviously this made him appear even more calm and collected. Bottom line: Keeping your cool in tense situations lets people know you have a mind of steel – a personality trait most people are drawn to.\n 14. Focus on the positive. – Be happy with who you are now, and let your positivity inspire your journey into tomorrow. Everything that happens in life is neither good nor bad. It just depends on your perspective. And no matter how it turns out, it always ends up just the way it should. Either you succeed or you learn something. So stay positive, appreciate the pleasant outcomes, and learn from the rest. Your positivity will help encourage those around you.\n 15. Keep your promises and tell the truth. – Inspire people with your dependability and commitment to the truth. If you say you’re going to do something, DO IT! If you say you’re going to be somewhere, BE THERE! If you say you feel something, MEAN IT! If you can’t, won’t, and don’t, then DON’T LIE. It’s always better to tell people the truth up front. (Read The Four Agreements.)\n 16. Listen intently to what others say. – Make people feel important, and inspire them by showing them that they are. Eyes focused, ears tuned, mobile phone off. In a world that can’t move fast enough, someone who can find time to listen to others is always appreciated.\n 17. Communicate clearly. – Mystery does not inspire. Say what you mean and mean what you say. Share your vision and ideas often with those around you. Also, be sure to maintain eye contact when communicating; it’s one of the most alluring forms of personal communication. When executed properly, eye contact injects closeness into human interaction, which captivates attention.\n 18. Be faithful to your significant other. – There’s nothing more inspiring than the unwavering love and commitment between two individuals. Furthermore, your sustained fidelity in a long-term intimate relationship creates a healthy foundation for everything else you do.\n\nIn the end, everything you need to inspire everyone around you is contained\nwithin you. So get out there and start inspiring people with who you are and\nhow you live your life.\n\nPhoto by: What’s Next\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Sangeeta Bhagwat says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 11:02 am\n\nGreat post.\n\nOur being and doing are more effective and influential than any concepts or\nphilosophies we may preach. I fully believe we need to walk our talk.\n\n“Our own actions and inaction are decisive contributors to the world we\ninhabit.”\n\nThanks.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Muhammad Yusuf says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 11:11 am\n\nKeep going guys! I love your blog so much! Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 3. eugeboy says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 11:20 am\n\nI rarely find ‘advice and opinion’ websites compelling. I found my way here\nvia a friends Facebook post and found myself devouring your blog – not because\nyou have revealed secrets that were previously unknown to me, but because you\nhave organized what I have already learned into easily usable ‘action’\nstatements and to-do / to-day lists. Kudos and thank you both.\n\nReply\n\n 4. sam says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 12:44 pm\n\nSuch a powerful post! I love it. You have just helped out lots of people find\nsome direction.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Nimcompoops says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 12:49 pm\n\nGreat article! Thanks for shedding light on all the necessary components of\ntransforming from a mere mortal to a enlightened being. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 6. kim Sanderson says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 3:53 pm\n\nAnother great one I’ll share with everyone i know!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Kalendula says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 5:06 pm\n\nThanks for your beautiful blogs. You inspire so many people and make this life\neven more beautiful 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 8. Ben says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 6:07 pm\n\nThanks for the awesome posts! I have forwarded your articles many times and\neveryone loves the stuff you share. Keep it coming 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 9. Tyree42 says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 7:06 pm\n\nYour blogs are essential to the mind numbing environment we live in these\ndays. I’m sure a lot of us think of these tips, maybe not as much as we\nshould, but it is so refreshing to have them brought to front of our minds.\nThanks\n\nReply\n\n 10. Angela Gentile says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 7:26 pm\n\nHi Marc and Angel. I have been enjoying your posts, and this one in particular\nhas really “inspired” me. 🙂 I would love to write about it on my blog, and put\na link to your website. Hope that’s okay.\n\nHave an awesome day, Angela\n\nReply\n\n 11. Monica says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 8:09 pm\n\nLove this short post! Words and ideas to live by!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Elizabeth says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 8:11 pm\n\nI always love the bits of wisdom I get from you guys... thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 13. J P says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 9:28 pm\n\nAwesome post! All are very true principles to live by. I’d also like to\nsuggest a 19th way – Express gratitude.\n\nReply\n\n 14. Di Locke-Carmichael says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 9:40 pm\n\nI love your blog, always inspires me and lifts my personal expectations for\nmyself higher. In point #10 however, credit should be given to Maya Angelou\nfor the statement of people not remembering what you did, but remembering how\nyou made them feel.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Victor Pesero says\n\nFebruary 13, 2012 at 10:44 pm\n\nHi Marc & Angel I really enjoy your posts. I actually read one of your posts\nevery day just to remind me that I am able to enjoy a better life, and that it\ńs my choice to work toward it.\n\nReply\n\n 16. vytiense says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 12:50 am\n\nI look forward to Monday because I know that something good is coming from\nMarc and Angel. You all brighten my life!\n\nReply\n\n 17. Marc says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 12:57 am\n\nThanks for the positive feedback! And Happy Valentines Day! 🙂\n\nAngel and I both hope you all are having a great week!\n\nReply\n\n 18. Grace says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 1:21 am\n\nI enjoy your articles – so awe-inspiring!\n\nReply\n\n 19. Bearlakenana says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 1:59 am\n\nI’ve only been receiving your posts a short time, but I enjoy and gain so much\nfrom each one. Thank you for sharing your positive outlooks.\n\nReply\n\n 20. patricea says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 12:49 pm\n\nGreat reminders. So great to see I’m not alone.\n\nThanks\n\nReply\n\n 21. Daniel From Manifesting Reality says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 1:54 pm\n\nHi Marc,\n\nI totally agree with no. 14 “Focus on the positive”. I think that most people\nare focus on what is not working in their life, and what they don’t have. I am\nsure that not everything is colored with black in their life.\n\nIn my opinion this is only a matter of choice. They can choose to focus on the\ngreen, pink and red colures in their life. As a result they will be much\nhappier and grateful.\n\nThank you, Daniel\n\nReply\n\n 22. Josie says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 2:12 pm\n\nMarc and Angel, Thank you SO much for the compilations of insights that you\ncontinue to share, and for always inspiring your legions of fans.\n\nHappy Valentine’s Day!\n\nReply\n\n 23. Nea | Self Improvement Saga says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 3:03 pm\n\nThis is another great list, but there’s something about expressing enthusiasm\nthat stands out to me as the best of the best.\n\nEverything you mentioned here...doing what we love, communicating with people,\nkeeping a positive attitude, helping others...it’s all magnified a million\ntimes when done with enthusiasm.\n\nPeople feel inspired when they know that whatever action you’re taking, no\nmatter how much or little it serves them, is done from an enthusiastically\ninspired place in your own heart.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Kari says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 3:31 pm\n\nSharing your own real life stories is imperative. I find others stories and\nlessons in life to be greatly inspirational. I think that’s the only way to\nreally see that you are not alone in this world and that you are on a path\nthat other people have been done, and survived!\n\nReply\n\n 25. Jean Sager says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 6:01 pm\n\nComprehensive as always but especially your style of writing makes it seem\nlike you are my neighbor who I have known for years and we are talking about\nlife while leaning over the fence.\n\nEspecially love your quotes and classic book recommendations... titles, so\nfamiliar and known that make instant connections with prior knowledge. It is\ngreat to get these refresher insights.\n\nI am curious what your first writing topic was before you started the blog...\nback in the days of the pen and paper not the keyboard of today.\n\nReply\n\n 26. Jon says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 8:15 pm\n\nGreat reading article... Surprisingly motivating.\n\nReply\n\n 27. haily says\n\nFebruary 14, 2012 at 8:19 pm\n\nAnother spot on post! Thank you for the inspiration.\n\nReply\n\n 28. Heidi says\n\nFebruary 16, 2012 at 12:09 am\n\nI don’t know how you put out such comprehensive posts each and every\ntime...but I soak-up every one of them. Very inspiring. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 29. Suchitra Mishra (@suchimishra) says\n\nFebruary 16, 2012 at 5:00 am\n\nHello Marc,\n\nHow to be inspiring from the man himself – thank you Marc for another great\npost. One recurring theme that I think covers all your points is focusing on\nyour self first before you endeavor to inspire others. As Mahatma Gandhi said\n– “Be the change you want to see in the world “.\n\nRegards, Suchitra\n\nReply\n\n 30. Lynn says\n\nFebruary 16, 2012 at 5:32 am\n\nThank you for another wonderful and inspiring post! Keep it up! I truly love\nevery one of your posts.\n\nReply\n\n 31. Meghashyam Chirravoori says\n\nFebruary 16, 2012 at 6:19 am\n\nI loved these starting lines “Live by choice, not by chance. Make changes, not\nexcuses. Be motivated, not manipulated. Work to excel, not compete. Listen to\nyour own inner voice, not the jumbled opinions of everyone else.”\n\nWhat a superb message even before the article began....\n\nReply\n\n 32. Vishuddha says\n\nFebruary 16, 2012 at 11:39 am\n\nGreat blog; great list.\n\nBut I don’t think President Obama is a healthy example of a calm, collected,\nmind of steel considering his disregard for human rights in the Middle East\nand civil liberties here at home.\n\nOther than that, I really enjoyed each point.\n\nReply\n\n 33. Candle Man says\n\nFebruary 19, 2012 at 7:14 pm\n\nGreat Post. #1 Be authentic and true to yourself. As usual very inspiring.\n\nReply\n\n 34. Anthonee says\n\nFebruary 22, 2012 at 12:25 am\n\nAmazing article!!! Awesome website!!!\n\nReply\n\n 35. Jason Shechtman says\n\nFebruary 26, 2012 at 6:03 pm\n\nThis blog is full of useful and motivational tools and practices. Thank you so\nmuch for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n 36. LG says\n\nFebruary 27, 2012 at 3:59 pm\n\nThank for a great blog and putting it all in perspective. Truly inspiring!\n\nReply\n\n 37. Allyson says\n\nFebruary 28, 2012 at 11:21 am\n\nThis post is very inspiring! It surely inspires me to be a better person. Love\nyour blog. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 38. Brian says\n\nMarch 1, 2012 at 5:13 pm\n\nA great post and a great reminder that along the way we impact everyone around\nus with our actions. It’s all about building good character and setting an\nexample of how that can bring us a great life.\n\nThanks Marc.\n\nReply\n\n 39. Asfaw Gedamu says\n\nApril 4, 2012 at 7:05 am\n\nWow! This blog really inspires the whole of me. I don’t know how to thank you\nguys enough. You really have an invaluably pernicious thing to share.\n\nReply\n\n 40. Kevin Woolsey says\n\nApril 14, 2012 at 6:21 pm\n\nVery well written. Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 41. koena says\n\nSeptember 11, 2012 at 7:59 pm\n\nThanks to u guys I’m so inspired by this post... keep writing more and more.\n\nReply\n\n 42. Nicola says\n\nMay 3, 2013 at 2:11 pm\n\nI am very grateful I found your site. This was an inspiring and motivating\nread. I can’t wait to read more. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 43. Guus says\n\nJune 15, 2013 at 9:21 am\n\nWow, this is a nice post. Will certainly use the ideas for our site and\nprobably link to it. Great!\n\nReply\n\n 44. Ernie Barde says\n\nJuly 12, 2013 at 2:46 am\n\nGreat article, I love it.. I’m so inspired!!! Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 45. Abigail says\n\nOctober 31, 2013 at 7:43 pm\n\nThat really helped, THANK YOU 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 46. Sheila Cruz says\n\nJanuary 15, 2014 at 1:55 pm\n\nThere is a reason why I found this website. I am absolutely grateful for this\nmessage. It’s conveyed in the way that I needed to hear today. Thank you so\nmuch. You have no idea the impact this will have on me and then on others as I\nshare the inspiration and energy that poured into me from your message. Let’s\nkeep spreading this love. I am. We are.\n\nReply\n\n 47. Jennifer says\n\nJune 5, 2015 at 7:25 pm\n\nWalk like you’re free ! Talk like you’re free!! But in order to be truly free,\nyou must be able to think like you’re free! Words are not just words The ones\nthat you recite over and over reveal your heartfelt thinking Be courageous\nenough to learn the truth! You will acquire\n\n– Freedom from people pleasing – Freedom from the bondage of low hope, and\nworry – Freedom from self-sabotage – Freedom to do the right thing no matter\nhow you’re feeling (angry? Do the right thing! Feeling betrayed? Do the right\nthing, etc ..) – Freedom to practice spiritual principles even if the crowd,\njust don’t understand and thinks you’re not standing up for yourself (\nvengeance is mine saith the Lord)\n\nWhom the Lord sets free is free indeed!!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Subscribe for Free\n\nJoin 130,000+ subscribers and get life-changing ideas in your inbox:\n\nThanks! Now check your email.\n\n#### Read a Good Book\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * 40 Hard Things You Need to Hear\n * 10 Powerful Mantras to Stop You from Judging People\n * 12 Stories of Kindness and Generosity that Will Change the Way You Live\n * 21 Tiny Stories For Those Who Have Lost Their Motivation\n * 25 Things You Need to Stop Wasting Time On\n\n#### Elsewhere\n\n#### Site Focus\n\n * Aspirations (423)\n * Career (46)\n * Cool (9)\n * Google (13)\n * Hacks (332)\n * Happiness (673)\n * Health (21)\n * Humor (12)\n * Inspiration (364)\n * Interesting Sites (8)\n * Life (1,011)\n * Money (12)\n * Music (2)\n * News (6)\n * Outrageous (10)\n * Photos (6)\n * Productivity (196)\n * Quotes (5)\n * Rants (19)\n * Relationships (191)\n * Tech (22)\n * Videos (27)\n * Wedding (8)\n\n#### Site Search\n\n© 2006-2021 Marc and Angel Hack Life\n\nQuestions, comments, advertising inquiries? Want to be a guest blogger?\n\nContact Us: marc [at] marcandangel [dot] com · Privacy Policy\n\nSite design by Brian Gardner\n\n" } ]
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How To Know if a Versace Bag Is Real
Since they're expensive and popular, fake Versace bags are quite common, but there are a few things to look out for to avoid being ripped off. Every Versace bag comes with an authenticity code on its label or hang-tag. You can check this code on the Certilogo website to verify that it’s genuine. Most sellers will also give you a written guarantee with your bag to prove that it’s real. Versace bags are luxury products made with high-quality materials. Look for metal zippers and clasps, even stitching, and real leather that smells new. If any of the materials or stitching seems inadequate, it’s probably a fake bag.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20170122195836/http://www.ebay.com:80/gds/Your-Guide-to-Buying-a-Used-Versace-Handbag-/10000000178608357/g.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180224084008/http://www.ebay.com/gds/5-Tips-for-Buying-a-Versace-Handbag-/10000000178608437/g.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171008172109/http://abcnews.go.com:80/blogs/lifestyle/2013/12/cyber-monday-how-to-avoid-knock-off-designer-bags-online", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210301190435/https://versace.certilogo.com/code", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305141433/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a359/the-fight-against-fakes-0109/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501162917/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-558253/Welcome-fakeBay-How-eBays-designer-bargains-just-good-true.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211105142213/https://www.versace.com/us/en-us/customer-care/authenticity.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170329032131/http://www.whowhatwear.com:80/how-to-tell-bag-is-fake/slide7", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518100953/https://stylecaster.com/fake-designer-bags/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170924015916/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2013/12/19/how-to-spot-a-fake_n_4470655.html" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.ebay.com:80/gds/Your-Guide-to-Buying-a-Used-Versace-Handbag-/10000000178608357/g.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170122195836/http://www.ebay.com:80/gds/Your-Guide-to-Buying-a-Used-Versace-Handbag-/10000000178608357/g.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Your Guide to Buying a Used Versace Handbag", "passages": [ "Gianni Versace opened his first collection featuring the family name in 1978. Over the years, the Versace brand and its subsidiary lines Atelier and Medusa grew beyond clothing to include clothing accessories, bags, shoes, perfumes and colognes, eyewear, jewelry and watches, and home furnishings. Versace offers a wide selection of handbags, with sizes ranging from delicate clutches to large totes. Used Versace products, particularly its handbags, maintain value, and buyers must know something about the bags when looking to purchase a used one.", "Versace is a contemporary designer, in that the products have been on the market a relatively short time when compared to the lifespan of historical designers such as Chanel, which was founded in 1909. Although Versace offers a wide selection of products for men and women, there are four primary bag types, which include a variety of styles and collection names.", "The four types of Versace bags are not mutually exclusive; some bag styles appear in more than one category. For example, a clutch is a small hand-held bag, while a shoulder clutch is the same size but includes a shoulder strap, which allows it into the shoulder bag category as well.", "Versace bags come in a variety of materials, including leather, patent leather, snakeskin, and more, to appeal to buyer preferences. Certain bag types include accessories that define and distinguish them from the other types. Bags offer sturdy design, with hardware that attaches via screws or studs. Each Versace handbag features specific labeling as well.", "As premier designer models, Versace bags include a number of features that set them apart from an everyday handbag. Unfortunately, designer brand copycats fool buyers with handbags and other products that appear to be almost identical to the real thing. Buyers must recognize the subtle differences between genuine Versace products and copycat products, particularly when shopping at locations or websites other than those of the designer.", "Definitions of \"vintage,\" particularly as related to handbags, vary widely. For example, buyers must choose between Edwardian (pre-1920s) bags, bags of the Great Depression or World War II eras, or bags after the war era. Versace handbags fall into multiple categories, including Mod, New Wave, and Modern Vintage categories, because the brand developed in the late 1970s. Buying a vintage handbag depends largely on buyer preference regarding bag age, style, condition, and material.", "Copycat handbag makers offer \"vintage\" bags to fool buyers, because older bag styles are often more desirable to collectors or connoisseurs of a particular brand. However, as soon as a designer releases a new handbag style, copycat bags appear on the market as well.", "There are many signs that a Versace handbag is not authentic. Buyers must become aware of these signs to avoid paying large sums of money for fake items.", "The tag material is typically cardboard, for starters. There are also other factors relating to the tag that buyers should be on the lookout for.", "Additionally, Versace does not cover its metal zipper pulls, other external metal accents, or handbag handles with plastic. Such covering on an unboxed or open-box handbag is a primary signature of a fake.", "The many reliable sellers on eBay offer a wide selection of used Versace handbags. You can search for the brand from any eBay page. To narrow your search, try using the advanced search feature, which allows you to specify the style of bag. You can narrow the selection even more by selecting condition, price, and seller location. To save on shipping costs, search for items with local pick-up options, or you can simply choose items with low shipping costs. Be sure to refer to item photos to check for proper labeling and product features. If you are unsure about a particular product, communicate with the seller before finalizing your purchase." ] }, "parsed_md": "Your Guide to Buying a Used Versace Handbag | eBay\n\nSkip to main content\n\neBay \n--- \n \n * Daily Deals\n * Gift Cards\n * Sell\n * Help & Contact\n\n * My eBayExpand My eBay\n\n * Summary\n * Bids/Offers\n * Watch list\n * Wish list\n * All lists\n * Purchase history\n * Selling\n * My Collections\n * Followed searches\n * Messages\n\n# Your Guide to Buying a Used Versace Handbag\n\neBay\n\nViews Comments Comment\n\nLike if this guide is helpful\n\nPlease sign in to like this Guide.\n\nShare\n\nMay 21, 2015\n\nGianni Versace opened his first collection featuring the family name in 1978.\nOver the years, the Versace brand and its subsidiary lines Atelier and Medusa\ngrew beyond clothing to include clothing accessories, bags, shoes, perfumes\nand colognes, eyewear, jewelry and watches, and home furnishings. Versace\noffers a wide selection of handbags, with sizes ranging from delicate clutches\nto large totes. Used Versace products, particularly its handbags, maintain\nvalue, and buyers must know something about the bags when looking to purchase\na used one.\n\n## Types of Versace Handbags\n\nVersace is a contemporary designer, in that the products have been on the\nmarket a relatively short time when compared to the lifespan of historical\ndesigners such as Chanel, which was founded in 1909. Although Versace offers a\nwide selection of products for men and women, there are four primary bag\ntypes, which include a variety of styles and collection names.\n\n#### Bag Type/Category\n\n|\n\n#### Bag Styles/Names \n \n---|--- \n \nTote\n\n|\n\nMedium and large bags\n\nLonger handle length than top handle\n\nNames: Signature, Kallisto Vanitas, Elettra, Vanitas, Athena \n \nShoulder\n\n|\n\nSmall and medium bags\n\nNames: Idol, 3D Medusa, Vanitas Medea, Icon, Couture, Vanitas Calliope \n \nClutch\n\n|\n\nSmall bags\n\nNames: Vanitas, Medusa, Signature, Signature Wristlet, Macro Vanitas Shoulder\nClutch, Vanitas Shoulder Clutch, Icon with Chain \n \nTop Handle\n\n|\n\nMedium and large bags\n\nOffers shorter (not shoulder length) handles\n\nNames: Palazzo, Vanitas Demetra, Small Signature, Large Signature, Signature\nLarge Tote, Signature Large Duffle, Athena \n \nThe four types of Versace bags are not mutually exclusive; some bag styles\nappear in more than one category. For example, a clutch is a small hand-held\nbag, while a shoulder clutch is the same size but includes a shoulder strap,\nwhich allows it into the shoulder bag category as well.\n\n## Versace Bag Hardware and Accessories\n\nVersace bags come in a variety of materials, including leather, patent\nleather, snakeskin, and more, to appeal to buyer preferences. Certain bag\ntypes include accessories that define and distinguish them from the other\ntypes. Bags offer sturdy design, with hardware that attaches via screws or\nstuds. Each Versace handbag features specific labeling as well.\n\n## How to Recognize Authentic Versace Handbags\n\nAs premier designer models, Versace bags include a number of features that set\nthem apart from an everyday handbag. Unfortunately, designer brand copycats\nfool buyers with handbags and other products that appear to be almost\nidentical to the real thing. Buyers must recognize the subtle differences\nbetween genuine Versace products and copycat products, particularly when\nshopping at locations or websites other than those of the designer.\n\n## Vintage Handbags\n\nDefinitions of \"vintage,\" particularly as related to handbags, vary widely.\nFor example, buyers must choose between Edwardian (pre-1920s) bags, bags of\nthe Great Depression or World War II eras, or bags after the war era. Versace\nhandbags fall into multiple categories, including Mod, New Wave, and Modern\nVintage categories, because the brand developed in the late 1970s. Buying a\nvintage handbag depends largely on buyer preference regarding bag age, style,\ncondition, and material.\n\nCopycat handbag makers offer \"vintage\" bags to fool buyers, because older bag\nstyles are often more desirable to collectors or connoisseurs of a particular\nbrand. However, as soon as a designer releases a new handbag style, copycat\nbags appear on the market as well.\n\n### Signs of a Copycat Handbag\n\nThere are many signs that a Versace handbag is not authentic. Buyers must\nbecome aware of these signs to avoid paying large sums of money for fake\nitems.\n\n#### Bag Tags, Accents, and Packaging\n\nThe tag material is typically cardboard, for starters. There are also other\nfactors relating to the tag that buyers should be on the lookout for.\n\n * Logo is printed rather than etched\n * Tag is affixed with a plastic strip\n * Plastic tag missing the Versace name\n * Bag accents not stamped with Versace logo\n * Versace logo pattern missing from bag lining\n * No Versace logo on exterior box\n * No dust bag\n * Unlabeled dust bag\n\nAdditionally, Versace does not cover its metal zipper pulls, other external\nmetal accents, or handbag handles with plastic. Such covering on an unboxed or\nopen-box handbag is a primary signature of a fake.\n\n## How to Buy a Used Versace Handbag on eBay\n\nThe many reliable sellers on eBay offer a wide selection of used Versace\nhandbags. You can search for the brand from any eBay page. To narrow your\nsearch, try using the advanced search feature, which allows you to specify the\nstyle of bag. You can narrow the selection even more by selecting condition,\nprice, and seller location. To save on shipping costs, search for items with\nlocal pick-up options, or you can simply choose items with low shipping costs.\nBe sure to refer to item photos to check for proper labeling and product\nfeatures. If you are unsure about a particular product, communicate with the\nseller before finalizing your purchase.\n\nTags:\n\n## Versace Handbag\n\n## Used Versace Handbag\n\n## Large Bag\n\n## Medium Bag\n\n## Versace\n\nHave something to share, create your own guide... Write a guide\n\nExplore more guides\n\n * How to Buy a Versace Handbag Image\n\n## How to Buy a Versace Handbag\n\nPublished by: eBay\n\n * Complete Guide to Versace Handbags Image\n\n## Complete Guide to Versace Handbags\n\nPublished by: eBay\n\n * 5 Tips for Buying a Versace Handbag Image\n\n## 5 Tips for Buying a Versace Handbag\n\nPublished by: eBay\n\n * Top 5 Vintage Versace Handbag Styles Image\n\n## Top 5 Vintage Versace Handbag Styles\n\nPublished by: eBay\n\n * Versace Black Canvas Patent Leather SHW Chain Link \"Pouchette\" Handbag Image\n\n### Versace Black Canvas Patent Leather SHW Chain Link \"Pouchette\" Handbag\n\n$325.00 Buy It Now\n\n * New 2016 Versace Medusa Borsa Nappa Shoulder/Crossbody Leather Bag. Retail $1550 Image\n\n### New 2016 Versace Medusa Borsa Nappa Shoulder/Crossbody Leather Bag. Retail\n$1550\n\n$780.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace purple patent mini Medusa crossbody bag Image\n\n### Versace purple patent mini Medusa crossbody bag\n\n$449.49 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Palazzo Gold Medusa Head Black leather clutch Shoulder bag Auth NWT Image\n\n### Versace Palazzo Gold Medusa Head Black leather clutch Shoulder bag Auth\nNWT\n\n$839.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace $895 Palazzo Silver Medusa Blue Leather Cross Body Bag ! NWT ! Image\n\n### Versace $895 Palazzo Silver Medusa Blue Leather Cross Body Bag ! NWT !\n\n$499.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Gianni Versace Couture Patent Black Leather Madonna Collectors Handbag Image\n\n### Gianni Versace Couture Patent Black Leather Madonna Collectors Handbag\n\n$750.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE Palazzo Medusa black leather Camera crossbody bag brand new authentic Image\n\n### VERSACE Palazzo Medusa black leather Camera crossbody bag brand new\nauthentic\n\n$599.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Authentic VERSACE Italy Jeans Black Grana Leather Large Satchel Purse NWT Image\n\n### Authentic VERSACE Italy Jeans Black Grana Leather Large Satchel Purse NWT\n\n$129.99 Buy It Now\n\n * NEW VERSACE PALAZZO SMALL BLUE PATENT LEATHER SHOOULDER CROSSBODY BAG CLUTCH Image\n\n### NEW VERSACE PALAZZO SMALL BLUE PATENT LEATHER SHOOULDER CROSSBODY BAG\nCLUTCH\n\n$713.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Alligator Handbag With Certificate Of Authenticity Image\n\n### Versace Alligator Handbag With Certificate Of Authenticity\n\n$400.00 Buy It Now\n\n * New!! Womens Versace Black Handbag/Tote W/Matching Coin Purse And Storage Bag!! Image\n\n### New!! Womens Versace Black Handbag/Tote W/Matching Coin Purse And Storage\nBag!!\n\n$29.99 Buy It Now\n\n * VTG Gianni Versace Couture Red Leather Satchel Crossbody Handbag Bag Purse Image\n\n### VTG Gianni Versace Couture Red Leather Satchel Crossbody Handbag Bag Purse\n\n$399.20 Buy It Now\n\n * AUTHENTIC VERSACE BLUE LATHER GOLD MEDUSA MEDALLION SATCHEL CROSSBODY BAG $1950 Image\n\n### AUTHENTIC VERSACE BLUE LATHER GOLD MEDUSA MEDALLION SATCHEL CROSSBODY BAG\n$1950\n\n$999.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace $795 Palazzo Medusa Lavender Patent Leather Mini Cross Body Bag ! Image\n\n### Versace $795 Palazzo Medusa Lavender Patent Leather Mini Cross Body Bag !\n\n$445.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE Italia 19V69 Abbigliamento Sportivo Black Sarabella Satchel Handbag Image\n\n### VERSACE Italia 19V69 Abbigliamento Sportivo Black Sarabella Satchel\nHandbag\n\n$49.50 Buy It Now\n\n * New Versace 19v69 Abbigliamento Sportivo Cambridge Kiss Lock Black Satchel Bag Image\n\n### New Versace 19v69 Abbigliamento Sportivo Cambridge Kiss Lock Black Satchel\nBag\n\n$59.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE 19v69 HANDBAG SCARLETT SATCHEL CAMEL Image\n\n### VERSACE 19v69 HANDBAG SCARLETT SATCHEL CAMEL\n\n$88.88 Buy It Now\n\n * NWOT Versace Parfums Gold Metallic Faux Leather Quilted Weekender Tote Handbag Image\n\n### NWOT Versace Parfums Gold Metallic Faux Leather Quilted Weekender Tote\nHandbag\n\n$48.00 Buy It Now\n\n * NWT Versace 19-69 Abbigliamento Sportivo SRL Navy Faux Leather Handbag Medium Image\n\n### NWT Versace 19-69 Abbigliamento Sportivo SRL Navy Faux Leather Handbag\nMedium\n\n$74.14 Buy It Now\n\n * V1969 VERSACE ITALIA Purse, Camel, Crossbody Purse Image\n\n### V1969 VERSACE ITALIA Purse, Camel, Crossbody Purse\n\n$49.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Authentic Versace Classic Monogram Logo Canvas Handbag Purse Hobo Style Black Image\n\n### Authentic Versace Classic Monogram Logo Canvas Handbag Purse Hobo Style\nBlack\n\n$195.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Handbag From Versace Collection. 100% Authentic. Image\n\n### Versace Handbag From Versace Collection. 100% Authentic.\n\n$399.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Women's White Quilted Leather Shoulder Tote Bag Image\n\n### Versace Women's White Quilted Leather Shoulder Tote Bag\n\n$799.99 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE Malia Convertible Satchel Crossbody Handbag Italia 19.69 LOGO Image\n\n### VERSACE Malia Convertible Satchel Crossbody Handbag Italia 19.69 LOGO\n\n$75.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE BORSA VITELLO HANDBAG, NWT, BLACK LEATHER WITH GOLD TRIM Image\n\n### VERSACE BORSA VITELLO HANDBAG, NWT, BLACK LEATHER WITH GOLD TRIM\n\n$498.00 Buy It Now\n\n * NWT VERSACE Palazzo Satin/Leather Clutch Gold Chain Cross Body Bag Image\n\n### NWT VERSACE Palazzo Satin/Leather Clutch Gold Chain Cross Body Bag\n\n$850.00 Buy It Now\n\n * NWT VERSACE 19.69 ABBIGLIAMENTO SPORTIVO SRL HARPER SATCHEL BAG MIDNIGHT ITALY Image\n\n### NWT VERSACE 19.69 ABBIGLIAMENTO SPORTIVO SRL HARPER SATCHEL BAG MIDNIGHT\nITALY\n\n$72.95 Buy It Now\n\n * NEW! Versace V 1969 ITALIA Sportivo Black Patent Leather Handbag Satchel $118 Image\n\n### NEW! Versace V 1969 ITALIA Sportivo Black Patent Leather Handbag Satchel\n$118\n\n$77.00 Buy It Now\n\n## Additional site navigation\n\n * About eBay\n * Announcements\n * Community\n * Security Center\n * Resolution Center\n * Seller Information Center\n * Policies\n * Affiliates\n * Help & Contact\n * Site Map\n\n \n--- \nCopyright © 1995-2017 eBay Inc. All Rights Reserved. User Agreement, Privacy,\nCookies and AdChoice\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.ebay.com/gds/5-Tips-for-Buying-a-Versace-Handbag-/10000000178608437/g.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180224084008/http://www.ebay.com/gds/5-Tips-for-Buying-a-Versace-Handbag-/10000000178608437/g.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "5 Tips for Buying a Versace Handbag", "passages": [ "Versace handbags are the peak of luxury, emphasizing sophistication and elegance. Buying one of these handbags usually takes some time, because buyers want to make sure they get the right bag for their needs, and they want to ensure the bag is authentic. There are a few things to do in the buying process to help ensure that the bag is real, within budget, and that it works for all the buyer's needs.", "A name brand handbag from Versace is pricey, regardless of style, size, and color. Prices vary greatly for a new bag, but it is never going to be cheap. Used bags may be considerably lower in price, depending on the age of the bag and its overall condition. Vintage Versace bags may cost even more than brand new bags, especially if they are rare, limited edition bags. Buyers should consider a reasonable budget and start a search within that price range only.", "The first thing for buyers to look at is the price, because many fake bags are unusually inexpensive. Something that seems too good to be true often is just that. Next, unless the logo is embossed, the bag is probably fake. Additionally, imperfections in the bag, such as loose thread, imperfect lining, or any variations in pattern or color often indicate a fake Versace bag. Items that are not perfect do not meet Versace's strict standards, and thus do not reach the market.", "All Versace handbags come with a certificate of authenticity, located on the inside of the tag on the purse; it is a small, white piece of paper with black writing. Two stickers must be present as well: one is a U.S. sticker from the American retailer selling the bag, while the other is an Italian sticker that states in Italian that the bag originated in Italy. These are all very hard to fake, which gives the buyer a bit of added confidence when purchasing an item with the aforementioned markers in place.", "Most Versace bags feature real leather, which requires proper care to ensure it lasts, so buyers should consider cleaning and care costs into their budget. Basic leather cleaning wipes or oils are fine for small scuffs and spills, but professional cleaning is the safest and most effective way to maintain a Versace handbag. The frequency of use is an important consideration, as a bag that never gets a break is sure to need professional care regularly.", "Versace handbags come in a wide array of colors, patterns, styles, and sizes. If this is a buyer's first Versace purse, a mid-sized bag in black or a brown hue is the ideal choice, because those colors go with virtually anything. Buyers should consider the bag's intended usage as well, to help narrow down the choices.", "Buyers must look carefully at bag measurements. Those who carry numerous items, no matter where they go, obviously need a larger bag, such as a Versace tote, to ensure that nothing remains behind. Conversely, if a buyer typically only needs a few essentials during most trips, then a clutch bag is a great solution.", "Finding a great Versace bag takes care and time, because there are so many different styles, colors, and sizes to consider. Start by typing \" Versace purse\" or \"Versace handbag\" into the search box on any eBay page. You are likely to receive numerous results. If you want a more refined search, consider a narrower phrase, such as \"Versace totes\" or \" Versace shoulder bags.\" From there, buyers can use the available filters to narrow the search even further, by price, seller location, condition, and more." ] }, "parsed_md": "5 Tips for Buying a Versace Handbag | eBay\n\nSkip to main content\n\neBay|\n\n## Shop by category \n \n---|--- \n \n * Daily Deals\n * Gift Cards\n * Help & Contact\n\n * Sell\n * My eBayExpand My eBay\n\n * Summary\n * Recently Viewed\n * Bids/Offers\n * Watch List\n * Purchase History\n * Selling\n * Saved Searches\n * Saved Sellers\n * Messages\n\n{\"delay\":300}\n\n# 5 Tips for Buying a Versace Handbag\n\neBay\n\nViews\n\nLike if this guide is helpful\n\nPlease sign in to like this Guide.\n\nShare\n\nJune 15, 2014\n\nVersace handbags are the peak of luxury, emphasizing sophistication and\nelegance. Buying one of these handbags usually takes some time, because buyers\nwant to make sure they get the right bag for their needs, and they want to\nensure the bag is authentic. There are a few things to do in the buying\nprocess to help ensure that the bag is real, within budget, and that it works\nfor all the buyer's needs.\n\n## 1\\. Set a Budget\n\nA name brand handbag from Versace is pricey, regardless of style, size, and\ncolor. Prices vary greatly for a new bag, but it is never going to be cheap.\nUsed bags may be considerably lower in price, depending on the age of the bag\nand its overall condition. Vintage Versace bags may cost even more than brand\nnew bags, especially if they are rare, limited edition bags. Buyers should\nconsider a reasonable budget and start a search within that price range only.\n\n## 2\\. Learn the Obvious Signs of a Fake\n\nThe first thing for buyers to look at is the price, because many fake bags are\nunusually inexpensive. Something that seems too good to be true often is just\nthat. Next, unless the logo is embossed, the bag is probably fake.\nAdditionally, imperfections in the bag, such as loose thread, imperfect\nlining, or any variations in pattern or color often indicate a fake Versace\nbag. Items that are not perfect do not meet Versace's strict standards, and\nthus do not reach the market.\n\n## 3\\. Learn the Obvious Signs of the Real Deal\n\nAll Versace handbags come with a certificate of authenticity, located on the\ninside of the tag on the purse; it is a small, white piece of paper with black\nwriting. Two stickers must be present as well: one is a U.S. sticker from the\nAmerican retailer selling the bag, while the other is an Italian sticker that\nstates in Italian that the bag originated in Italy. These are all very hard to\nfake, which gives the buyer a bit of added confidence when purchasing an item\nwith the aforementioned markers in place.\n\n## 4\\. Consider the Required Care\n\nMost Versace bags feature real leather, which requires proper care to ensure\nit lasts, so buyers should consider cleaning and care costs into their budget.\nBasic leather cleaning wipes or oils are fine for small scuffs and spills, but\nprofessional cleaning is the safest and most effective way to maintain a\nVersace handbag. The frequency of use is an important consideration, as a bag\nthat never gets a break is sure to need professional care regularly.\n\n## 5\\. Choose an Appropriate Style\n\nVersace handbags come in a wide array of colors, patterns, styles, and sizes.\nIf this is a buyer's first Versace purse, a mid-sized bag in black or a brown\nhue is the ideal choice, because those colors go with virtually anything.\nBuyers should consider the bag's intended usage as well, to help narrow down\nthe choices.\n\n#### Type of Handbag\n\n|\n\n#### Bag Specifications \n \n---|--- \n \nShoulder Bag\n\n|\n\nVarious sizes and colors\n\nVintage options are usually black or a brown hue \n \nQuilted Bag\n\n|\n\nQuilted inner shell\n\nVarious sizes and colors\n\nAlso be found in clutch and wallet sizes \n \nTote Bag\n\n|\n\nLarger than other Versace purses\n\nVarious color choices \n \nSatchel Bag\n\n|\n\nMid-sized bag\n\nSmall handles\n\nWide range of colors, including black and pink \n \nClutch Bag\n\n|\n\nBig enough for a few essentials\n\nMultiple card slots\n\nSome have a removable strap \n \nSignature Bag\n\n|\n\nRolled top handles\n\nDetachable shoulder strap\n\nSignature dust bag \n \nCrossbody Bag\n\n|\n\nMid-size bag\n\nMultiple prints and colors\n\nLong strap \n \nBuyers must look carefully at bag measurements. Those who carry numerous\nitems, no matter where they go, obviously need a larger bag, such as a Versace\ntote, to ensure that nothing remains behind. Conversely, if a buyer typically\nonly needs a few essentials during most trips, then a clutch bag is a great\nsolution.\n\n## How to Buy Versace Handbags on eBay\n\nFinding a great Versace bag takes care and time, because there are so many\ndifferent styles, colors, and sizes to consider. Start by typing \" Versace\npurse\" or \"Versace handbag\" into the search box on any eBay page. You are\nlikely to receive numerous results. If you want a more refined search,\nconsider a narrower phrase, such as \"Versace totes\" or \" Versace shoulder\nbags.\" From there, buyers can use the available filters to narrow the search\neven further, by price, seller location, condition, and more.\n\nTags:\n\n## Versace Handbag\n\n## Shoulder Bag\n\n## Name Brand Handbag\n\n## Versace Purse\n\n## Versace Bag\n\nHave something to share, create your own guide... Write a guide\n\nExplore more guides\n\n * How to Buy a Versace Handbag Image\n\n## How to Buy a Versace Handbag\n\nPublished by: eBay\n\n * 6 Tips for Buying Vintage Chanel Handbags Image\n\n## 6 Tips for Buying Vintage Chanel Handbags\n\nPublished by: eBay\n\n * VERSACE PARFUMS WOMEN DUFFLE WEEKENDER TOTE PURSE HANDBAG TRAVEL GYM BAG Image\n\n### VERSACE PARFUMS WOMEN DUFFLE WEEKENDER TOTE PURSE HANDBAG TRAVEL GYM BAG\n\n$55.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Women Parfums Tote Bag Evening Travel clutch Purse HandBag Image\n\n### Versace Women Parfums Tote Bag Evening Travel clutch Purse HandBag\n\n$33.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace EE1VRBBL5 Beige Shoulder Bag Image\n\n### Versace EE1VRBBL5 Beige Shoulder Bag\n\n$155.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Clutch Tote Evening Bag Purse HandBag Makeup Case Black Gold NEW Image\n\n### Versace Clutch Tote Evening Bag Purse HandBag Makeup Case Black Gold NEW\n\n$29.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace1969 ITALIA Penelope Romy Dome TOTE 19V69 Lock Large Handbag Satchel New Image\n\n### Versace1969 ITALIA Penelope Romy Dome TOTE 19V69 Lock Large Handbag\nSatchel New\n\n$129.50 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Bookbag Image\n\n### Versace Bookbag\n\n$49.99 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Purse Image\n\n### Versace Purse\n\n$55.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Italia 1969 Avery Fringe Studs Handbag Satchel Black Tote Purse NEW $118 Image\n\n### Versace Italia 1969 Avery Fringe Studs Handbag Satchel Black Tote Purse\nNEW $118\n\n$79.95 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Versus 100% Leather Black Women's Handbag Bag Image\n\n### Versace Versus 100% Leather Black Women's Handbag Bag\n\n$382.50 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace Brown Alligator Medusa Gold Tassel Handbag Image\n\n### Versace Brown Alligator Medusa Gold Tassel Handbag\n\n$420.00 Buy It Now\n\n * New VERSUS VERSACE Black Leather Lion Head Satchel Hand Bag $1195 Image\n\n### New VERSUS VERSACE Black Leather Lion Head Satchel Hand Bag $1195\n\n$410.85 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE LBFS333-2 Versace Collection Shoulder Handbag Image\n\n### VERSACE LBFS333-2 Versace Collection Shoulder Handbag\n\n$130.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE PARFUMS GOLD CLUTCH HANDBAG PURSE Image\n\n### VERSACE PARFUMS GOLD CLUTCH HANDBAG PURSE\n\n$19.90 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE 19-69 Abbigliamento Sportivo SRL Handbag BRAND NEW! 1st Quality Image\n\n### VERSACE 19-69 Abbigliamento Sportivo SRL Handbag BRAND NEW! 1st Quality\n\n$49.99 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE1969 ITALIA Scarlett Glossy Patent Frame Crossbody 19V69 Handbag Image\n\n### VERSACE1969 ITALIA Scarlett Glossy Patent Frame Crossbody 19V69 Handbag\n\n$85.50 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE handbag Image\n\n### VERSACE handbag\n\n$260.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VTG Gianni Versace Couture White Leather Satchel Cross body Handbag Bag Purse Image\n\n### VTG Gianni Versace Couture White Leather Satchel Cross body Handbag Bag\nPurse\n\n$229.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Authentic Gianni Versace Profumi Purse Image\n\n### Authentic Gianni Versace Profumi Purse\n\n$69.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Soft Pink Versace Hand Bag Image\n\n### Soft Pink Versace Hand Bag\n\n$450.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace 19-69 Abbigliamento Sportivo SRl women's tote handbag Dark Olive Italy Image\n\n### Versace 19-69 Abbigliamento Sportivo SRl women's tote handbag Dark Olive\nItaly\n\n$45.00 Buy It Now\n\n * 19V69 ITALIA Versace 1969 Fallon Tote Midnight Blue Color Purse Handbag Satchel Image\n\n### 19V69 ITALIA Versace 1969 Fallon Tote Midnight Blue Color Purse Handbag\nSatchel\n\n$50.00 Buy It Now\n\n * AUTHENTIC GIANNI VERSACE Pony-Hair Flower Hand Bag Brown Based Image\n\n### AUTHENTIC GIANNI VERSACE Pony-Hair Flower Hand Bag Brown Based\n\n$150.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE Large Black Patent Leather W/ Gold Trim Tote Shoulderbag Handbag Image\n\n### VERSACE Large Black Patent Leather W/ Gold Trim Tote Shoulderbag Handbag\n\n$148.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE PARFUME WOMEN BLACK DUFFLE BAG WEEKENDER TOTE PURSE HANDBAG Image\n\n### VERSACE PARFUME WOMEN BLACK DUFFLE BAG WEEKENDER TOTE PURSE HANDBAG\n\n$82.50 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace 1969 Abbigliamento Sportivo Harlow Satchel Bag HandbagPurse Faux Leather Image\n\n### Versace 1969 Abbigliamento Sportivo Harlow Satchel Bag HandbagPurse Faux\nLeather\n\n$120.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE Perfume Backpack Blue Black Rucksack Weekend Gym Sack Medusa Image\n\n### VERSACE Perfume Backpack Blue Black Rucksack Weekend Gym Sack Medusa\n\n$45.00 Buy It Now\n\n * VERSACE Black Quilted Wristlet Parfums Makeup Handbag Clutch with Dustbag-NWOT Image\n\n### VERSACE Black Quilted Wristlet Parfums Makeup Handbag Clutch with Dustbag-\nNWOT\n\n$19.99 Buy It Now\n\n * versace 19-69 abbigliamento sportivo srl, vw114 Image\n\n### versace 19-69 abbigliamento sportivo srl, vw114\n\n$25.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Black Versace Tote Image\n\n### Black Versace Tote\n\n$650.00 Buy It Now\n\n * Versace V 19.69 ITALIA Cross Body Bag Brown Snake Skin NWT With Storage Bag. Image\n\n### Versace V 19.69 ITALIA Cross Body Bag Brown Snake Skin NWT With Storage\nBag.\n\n$54.99 Buy It Now\n\n## Additional site navigation\n\n * About eBay\n * Announcements\n * Community\n * Security Center\n * Resolution Center\n * Seller Center\n * Policies\n * Affiliates\n * Help & Contact\n * Site Map\n\n \n--- \nCopyright © 1995-2018 eBay Inc. All Rights Reserved. Accessibility, User\nAgreement, Privacy, Cookies and AdChoice\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://abcnews.go.com:80/blogs/lifestyle/2013/12/cyber-monday-how-to-avoid-knock-off-designer-bags-online", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171008172109/http://abcnews.go.com:80/blogs/lifestyle/2013/12/cyber-monday-how-to-avoid-knock-off-designer-bags-online", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cyber Monday: How to Avoid Knock-Off Designer Bags Online", "passages": [ "Handbags are hot. They can cost thousands of dollars, and some women save for months to afford a coveted bag. So to get a deal, purse aficionados comb online retailers for discounts. But a new wave of sophisticated counterfeiters are creating online sites that look almost identical to the authentic brands. They seed Google results so they show up in searches, and they are even stealing their logos, artwork and product pictures to trick unknowing consumers into spending way too much on fake bags.", "Even worse, many are selling their counterfeits through online consignment stores where it's even harder to spot the fakes from the real thing.", "Last Christmas, I saved $150 using a discount code at Coach on a present for my mom; it felt like a real victory. But this year when I went online to see if I could find a Coach outlet, I got some weird results: sites that looked like they might be Coach, but something was a little off. The graphics were professional. The artwork and logos similar to what I'd expect at Coach, and while I don't know handbag models by name as many fans do, the product shots looked just very similar to what I'd expect at the Coach site.", "But when I looked at the web address, it wasn't coach.com. Without giving away the name it was coachfactoryoutlet(then some gibberish).com. Without that clue I probably wouldn't have realized I was at a fake site until much later in the purchasing process.", "The prices on the purses were marked down, but they weren't dirt-cheap as I'd expect from a knockoff vendor like those you see on Canal Street in New York or in cities across Asia. Purses were marked down from $500 to $200 or from $350 to $125.", "For the sake of this assignment, I purchased a bag at one of the supposed Coach factory outlet stores for $74; the cheapest purse I could find on the site.", "As I searched \"outlet\" and other brand names like Prada, Louis Vuitton and Michael Kors, I found many similar sites: they had look-alike graphics, the exact brand logos and top of the line product shots. Many had live customer support buttons, \"about us\" pages, and highly sophisticated check-out carts.", "I bought a Louis Vuitton \"Neverfull GM Bag\" for $200, a Michael Kors bag that the website said was originally $389 marked off to $85 and another Michael Kors for $90 that didn't list an original price. I also purchased a Prada Soffiano tote for $213 and I found a Coach bag on Amazon that seemed strange, since Coach's website says Amazon is not one of its official retail outlets. But even more confusing, the Coach bag was fulfilled by Amazon and mailed by Amazon, so this wasn't an obscure Amazon affiliate selling the bag remotely. It seemed legitimate.", "Four of the five purses arrived. I took some to Valerie Salembier, who runs The Authentics Foundation, an anti-counterfeiting organization in New York.", "She pointed out craftsmanship details like flaws in the stitching, inferior materials, and a dead giveaway - the Coach purse I purchased on Amazon had an SKU number on it that didn't exist anywhere on the Coach site or on other Coach affiliated websites. It was only found at the Amazon site.", "In fact, all of the bags that arrived were of inferior quality: One Michael Kors bag that arrived later had a price tag on it that reads MSRP $1295.00 but It was clearly made out of plastic. The Louis Vuitton bag had hard synthetic feeling materials for the purse body. And except for the bag from Amazon, all three of the others came from China with way-bills that declared the contents as \"shoes.\"", "Salembier says that counterfeiters are getting much more sophisticated online: increasing prices so they don't look too good to be true, replicating website artwork, and posting pictures of the authentic handbags but shipping knockoffs.", "Check the website address or URL. If it's weird in any way, try typing in the brand name by itself and going directly through the front door of their website. If they have an outlet there will be a link.", "Look for typos or grammatical errors. Click on the \"24 hour support\" links and if they aren't operational consider that a red flag. Click the \"about us\" link on the page and read it to see if it makes sense.", "If you see a purse on a site and think it may be the real deal- do a Google image & shopping search and see if the picture they are showing matches the name and prices associated with the item on the brand manufacturer's site. Many counerfeiters steal the name and just apply it to completely different designs.", "During the checkout process, when you're asked for a credit card, make sure the web address shows it's a secure site (has httpS, not just http).", "If you are referred to a third-party payment-processing site be very skeptical- no reputable brand will redirect you for payment off of their site.", "On one site where I tried to purchase a purse (but that was never charged or delivered) they asked for my full birthdate. I had to put it in for the sake of this story and have been checking my credit ever since. Salembier says many counterfeiters are tied to criminal activity beyond counterfeiting and selling an identity would make perfect sense. You may not see immediate fraudulent activity but it may be sold later in bulk to ID thieves.", "Finally know your brand. Salembier says Louis Vuitton destroys all bags that are not perfect rather than selling them as seconds or as outlet stock. She says Louis Vuitton never goes on sale, period. Prada has one outlet, Salembier says; it's in the company's factory in Italy. Coach lists on its website that they only sell through the following online channels: Belk.com, Bloomingdales.com, Dillards.com, LordandTaylor.com, Macys.com, Nordstrom.com, VonMaur.com, and Coach.Ebay.com", "Added tip from the folks at UFaker: If you are buying an expensive used handbag through an online consignment store, be sure to check the website's policy and make sure that they will refund you if you purchase a bag advertised as authentic that turns out to be fake. Poshmark is an example of a on online consignment seller that does have this policy, but the folks at UFaker have seen many others that don't protect their consumers and have become hotbeds for counterfeiters." ] }, "parsed_md": "Cyber Monday: How to Avoid Knock-Off Designer Bags Online - ABC News\n\nMenu\n\n# ABC News\n\n * Log In\n\nHome> Travel\n\n# Cyber Monday: How to Avoid Knock-Off Designer Bags Online\n\nDecember 2, 2013\n\nBy ABC NEWS via GOOD MORNING AMERICA\n\nABC News' Becky Worley reports:\n\nHandbags are hot. They can cost thousands of dollars, and some women save for\nmonths to afford a coveted bag. So to get a deal, purse aficionados comb\nonline retailers for discounts. But a new wave of sophisticated counterfeiters\nare creating online sites that look almost identical to the authentic brands.\nThey seed Google results so they show up in searches, and they are even\nstealing their logos, artwork and product pictures to trick unknowing\nconsumers into spending way too much on fake bags.\n\nEven worse, many are selling their counterfeits through online consignment\nstores where it's even harder to spot the fakes from the real thing.\n\nOdd Search Results\n\nLast Christmas, I saved $150 using a discount code at Coach on a present for\nmy mom; it felt like a real victory. But this year when I went online to see\nif I could find a Coach outlet, I got some weird results: sites that looked\nlike they might be Coach, but something was a little off. The graphics were\nprofessional. The artwork and logos similar to what I'd expect at Coach, and\nwhile I don't know handbag models by name as many fans do, the product shots\nlooked just very similar to what I'd expect at the Coach site.\n\nBut when I looked at the web address, it wasn't coach.com. Without giving away\nthe name it was coachfactoryoutlet(then some gibberish).com. Without that clue\nI probably wouldn't have realized I was at a fake site until much later in the\npurchasing process.\n\nThe prices on the purses were marked down, but they weren't dirt-cheap as I'd\nexpect from a knockoff vendor like those you see on Canal Street in New York\nor in cities across Asia. Purses were marked down from $500 to $200 or from\n$350 to $125.\n\nFor the sake of this assignment, I purchased a bag at one of the supposed\nCoach factory outlet stores for $74; the cheapest purse I could find on the\nsite.\n\nAuthorities Battle Counterfeit Goods Market, Multi-Billion Dollar Industry\nMore Lucrative Than Drugs\n\nAs I searched \"outlet\" and other brand names like Prada, Louis Vuitton and\nMichael Kors, I found many similar sites: they had look-alike graphics, the\nexact brand logos and top of the line product shots. Many had live customer\nsupport buttons, \"about us\" pages, and highly sophisticated check-out carts.\n\nI bought a Louis Vuitton \"Neverfull GM Bag\" for $200, a Michael Kors bag that\nthe website said was originally $389 marked off to $85 and another Michael\nKors for $90 that didn't list an original price. I also purchased a Prada\nSoffiano tote for $213 and I found a Coach bag on Amazon that seemed strange,\nsince Coach's website says Amazon is not one of its official retail outlets.\nBut even more confusing, the Coach bag was fulfilled by Amazon and mailed by\nAmazon, so this wasn't an obscure Amazon affiliate selling the bag remotely.\nIt seemed legitimate.\n\nFour of the five purses arrived. I took some to Valerie Salembier, who runs\nThe Authentics Foundation, an anti-counterfeiting organization in New York.\n\n\"They're fakes,\" she said after looking at them.\n\nShe pointed out craftsmanship details like flaws in the stitching, inferior\nmaterials, and a dead giveaway - the Coach purse I purchased on Amazon had an\nSKU number on it that didn't exist anywhere on the Coach site or on other\nCoach affiliated websites. It was only found at the Amazon site.\n\nIn fact, all of the bags that arrived were of inferior quality: One Michael\nKors bag that arrived later had a price tag on it that reads MSRP $1295.00 but\nIt was clearly made out of plastic. The Louis Vuitton bag had hard synthetic\nfeeling materials for the purse body. And except for the bag from Amazon, all\nthree of the others came from China with way-bills that declared the contents\nas \"shoes.\"\n\nSalembier says that counterfeiters are getting much more sophisticated online:\nincreasing prices so they don't look too good to be true, replicating website\nartwork, and posting pictures of the authentic handbags but shipping\nknockoffs.\n\nCustoms Agents Make Huge Fake Designer Shoe Bust\n\n\"That is the secret of counterfeiting: counterfeiters are in business to\nreplicate,\" she said.\n\nAnd while counterfeiters replicate very well, Salembier says there are some\nclear warning signs and methods to protect yourself.\n\n * Check the website address or URL. If it's weird in any way, try typing in the brand name by itself and going directly through the front door of their website. If they have an outlet there will be a link.\n * Look for typos or grammatical errors. Click on the \"24 hour support\" links and if they aren't operational consider that a red flag. Click the \"about us\" link on the page and read it to see if it makes sense.\n * If you see a purse on a site and think it may be the real deal- do a Google image & shopping search and see if the picture they are showing matches the name and prices associated with the item on the brand manufacturer's site. Many counerfeiters steal the name and just apply it to completely different designs.\n * During the checkout process, when you're asked for a credit card, make sure the web address shows it's a secure site (has httpS, not just http).\n * If you are referred to a third-party payment-processing site be very skeptical- no reputable brand will redirect you for payment off of their site.\n * On one site where I tried to purchase a purse (but that was never charged or delivered) they asked for my full birthdate. I had to put it in for the sake of this story and have been checking my credit ever since. Salembier says many counterfeiters are tied to criminal activity beyond counterfeiting and selling an identity would make perfect sense. You may not see immediate fraudulent activity but it may be sold later in bulk to ID thieves.\n * Finally know your brand. Salembier says Louis Vuitton destroys all bags that are not perfect rather than selling them as seconds or as outlet stock. She says Louis Vuitton never goes on sale, period. Prada has one outlet, Salembier says; it's in the company's factory in Italy. Coach lists on its website that they only sell through the following online channels: Belk.com, Bloomingdales.com, Dillards.com, LordandTaylor.com, Macys.com, Nordstrom.com, VonMaur.com, and Coach.Ebay.com\n * Finally if you see a counterfeit, report it at the thecounterfeitreport.com or using the UFaker app\n * Added tip from the folks at UFaker: If you are buying an expensive used handbag through an online consignment store, be sure to check the website's policy and make sure that they will refund you if you purchase a bag advertised as authentic that turns out to be fake. Poshmark is an example of a on online consignment seller that does have this policy, but the folks at UFaker have seen many others that don't protect their consumers and have become hotbeds for counterfeiters.\n\nRelated Topics: Louis Vuitton, Michael Kors, Cyber Monday, Online Retailers,\nGoogle, Italy, China\n\nJoin the Discussion\n\nblog comments powered by Disqus\n\nHot Right Now\n\n1\n\nInvestigators believe Las Vegas gunman had severe...\n\n2\n\nNate downgraded to tropical storm, 100k without power in...\n\n3\n\nFormer student sues frat after alleging hazing ritual left...\n\n4\n\n4th US soldier killed in Niger ambush identified\n\n5\n\nLas Vegas shooting victim's family files petition to freeze...\n\nYou Might Also Like...\n\nPhoto Galleries\n\nView: Best Cosplay from New York Comic Con 2017\n\nEntertainment\n\nView: Tropical Storm Nate hits Central America\n\nTechnology\n\nView: Los Angeles transforming the landscape of teen literacy\n\nInternational\n\nView: Malawi works to strengthen and amplify young women's voices\n\nInternational\n\nView: Indonesia campaigns to ban plastic bags and reduce the impact of plastic\nwaste globally\n\nInternational\n\nSee It, Share It\n\nDavid Zalubowski/AP Photo\n\nRepublican National Convention Announces Partial Speakers List\n\nRick Wilking/Reuters\n\nGOP Convention Fight Brewing as Delegates Mull Going Rogue\n\nAFP/Getty Images\n\nJihadists' Computers '80 Percent' Full of Porn, Ex-Official Says\n\nSaul Loeb/AFP/Getty Images\n\nTim Scott Gives Candid, Emotional Floor Speech on Race\n\nKristie Reeves-Cavaliero\n\n'Forgotten Baby Syndrome': A Parent’s Nightmare of Hot Car Death\n\nPhotoshot\n\nPrince Harry Takes HIV Test Live on Facebook\n\nKABC\n\nFormer Marines Playing 'Pokemon Go' Help Catch Attempted Murder Suspect,\nPolice Say\n\nYahoo!-ABC News Network\n\nPrivacy Policy Your CA Privacy Rights Children's Online Privacy Policy\nInterest-Based Ads Terms of Use Contact Us\n\n© 2017 ABC News Internet Ventures. All rights reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://versace.certilogo.com/code", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210301190435/https://versace.certilogo.com/code", "parsed_text": { "title": "People-Powered Product Authentication", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Certilogo | People-Powered Product Authentication\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a359/the-fight-against-fakes-0109/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305141433/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a359/the-fight-against-fakes-0109/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fake Designer Bags", "passages": [ "Every product on this page was chosen by a Harper's BAZAAR editor. We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy.", "Every time I give a talk on the luxury business today and I get to the subject of counterfeiting, the same thing happens. The room grows absolutely silent as I put forth the facts: It is estimated that up to 7 percent of our annual world trade — $600 billion worth — is counterfeit or pirated; that fakes are believed to be directly responsible for the loss of more than 750,000 American jobs; that everything from baby formula to medicine is counterfeited, with tragic results; that counterfeiters and the crime syndicates they work with deal in human trafficking, child labor, and gang warfare; and that counterfeiting is used to launder money, and the money has been linked to truly sinister deeds such as terrorism.", "No one utters a word, not a sound, as I recall the raid I went on with Chinese police in a tenement in Guangzhou and what we discovered when we walked in: two dozen sad, tired, dirty children, ages 8 to 14, making fake Dunhill, Versace, and Hugo Boss handbags on old, rusty sewing machines. It was like something out of Dickens, Oliver Twist in the 21st century.", "Then I read the following passage from my book, Deluxe: How Luxury Lost Its Luster. \"'I remember walking into an assembly plant in Thailand a couple of years ago and seeing six or seven little children, all under 10 years old, sitting on the floor assembling counterfeit leather handbags,' an investigator told me... 'The owners had broken the children's legs and tied the lower leg to the thigh so the bones wouldn't mend. [They] did it because the children said they wanted to go outside and play.'\"", "The audience gasps. From time to time, I see tears too. And afterward, I always hear the same response: \"I had no idea.\" Always. Most consumers believe that buying fake goods is harmless, that it's a victimless crime. But it's not. It's not at all.", "In the five years that I have been writing about this issue, I have seen two things happen: The illegal enterprise is getting stronger and more professional, and the consumer is slowly but surely becoming more aware.", "In the past year, there have been some victories in the battle. Among the most prominent was Louis Vuitton's win against eBay in court in Paris this past June. (Counterfeiters have long used the Internet, particularly eBay, to sell their phony goods.) According to LVMH, the luxury-goods group that includes Vuitton, Givenchy, and Celine, 90 percent of the Vuitton and Dior items offered on eBay in the first half of 2006 were counterfeits. That's right: Nine out of 10 were fake. Most consumers have no idea. How would you know?", "Vuitton pursued eBay over several major issues, including allowing vendors who flagrantly advertised that they were selling \"replica Louis Vuitton\" to hold auctions, misleading key words (e.g., when vendors stick the words Louis Vuitton in their listings to get more traffic on the post, though they aren't selling anything Vuitton related), and eBay's inaction against repeat offenders who were promoted as PowerSellers on the site. \"We had a case where we had 930 shut-down requests on a vendor, and this vendor was a PowerSeller,\" Louis Vuitton's intellectual-property director, Nathalie Moullé-Berteaux, says. \"It was a sign of eBay's unwillingness to take measures against repeat offenders.\"", "The French court agreed and ordered eBay to pay 38.7 million euros (approximately $63 million) in damages to Louis Vuitton, Christian Dior Couture, and other LVMH companies, calling eBay's behavior \"culpable negligence.\" EBay, a California-based company, is appealing the ruling. The luxury industry, especially brands such as Tiffany & Co., which has a similar case against eBay on appeal, is watching the case closely.", "The battle against phony goods smuggled into the United States is getting more intensive. Inspector Brian O'Neill, who has overseen the Trademark Infringement Unit of the NYPD's Organized Crime Investigation Division since 2002, has more resources and manpower than ever. \"We have patrol precincts and field intelligence units assisting us in this kind of work, and my trademark unit coordinates the efforts to make sure we are all working together,\" O'Neill says. The joint effort is proving effective. \"There are certainly more search warrants and a large number of arrests in the past five years.\" Last May, a patrol unit saw suspicious activity in a warehouse in Brooklyn and reported it to O'Neill's unit. The result was the biggest seizure ever in New York City: 19 tractor trailers filled with counterfeit clothing and footwear with an approximate street value of $10 million. \"The warehouse was a distribution center where merchandise was brought from shipping containers and then distributed,\" O'Neill explains.", "In September 2007, authorities had another major success when they confiscated close to 160,000 pairs of fake Nike sneakers with an estimated street value of $7.1 million from various locations in Queens, Brooklyn, and Staten Island after an extensive two-year undercover operation. Yue F. Huang and his wife, He Bin Huang-Wang, were arrested, and each faces up to 15 years in prison if convicted of trademark counterfeiting.", "New laws stand to make things even tougher for those selling fakes. In October, President Bush signed the PRO-IP Act, which establishes increased penalties for counterfeiters and strengthens those for sellers of fake goods that cause physical harm or death (such as bogus medicines and auto parts or cell-phone batteries that explode). It also grants up to $25 million annually for the next five years to state and local law enforcement to help develop anticounterfeiting programs. An intellectual-property coordinator will be appointed to oversee efforts from the White House.", "In the same month, U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials announced that they had experienced a 50 percent increase in seizures of counterfeit and pirated goods at the Los Angeles-Long Beach seaport complex in the preceding year. Altogether, CBP officials intercepted 357 shipments of fake goods worth $71.4 million at the seaport. Among the articles seized were Christmas lights that could catch fire, food items that may have contained harmful ingredients, and handbags and shoes. \"No one should think of piracy and counterfeiting as minor crimes,\" said Robert Schoch, special agent in charge of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement office of investigations in Los Angeles. \"In today's world, [they] pose a serious threat to public safety and the economy.\"", "Though laws and enforcement are getting more effective, criminals are getting wilier. Investigators see an increase in \"finishing\" in the U.S. — the practice of legally shipping in generic items, then having workers, many of them illegal immigrants, stamp, embroider, or attach the logo or other identifying details. \"Anything that can be brought in blank is being brought in blank,\" says Heather McDonald, a partner in the intellectual-property group at the law firm of Baker Hostetler in New York. \"They can attach a Prada tag or interlocking GG on demand. And they are very indiscriminate. It doesn't matter if the design is from the brand or not. They put the logo on whatever they think will sell.\"", "Another new strategy is dealing on wheels. Some counterfeit wholesalers keep goods no longer in stockrooms but in vans parked a few blocks away. They lead buyers to the vans to shop there. Sometimes vendors will have customers stand on a street corner and wait for the vehicle to drive up. If law enforcement arrives, they speed off. \"The harder everyone works to stop the sale of counterfeit goods, the more inventive counterfeiters have to get,\" says McDonald. \"But no matter what we do, as long as there is a demand, there is always going to be a supply.\"", "Know the dealer. A couple of years ago, Gucci discovered Wal-Mart was selling fake versions of its bags. To guarantee that your item is authentic, buy it at the brand's own boutique or at an authorized retailer, like a brand's department-store counter.", "It's all in the details. Is the stitching straight? Is it well made? Do the edges match up? Does it have polished rivets or cheap screws? Is there glue residue? If something doesn't seem right, it probably isn't.", "Look for signature marks. Since the 1980s, Vuitton bags have been stamped with a serial number and date code that are registered at Vuitton HQ. An Hermès leather bag has stamps that identify the artisan who made it and the year it was made. Find out what your brand's hallmarks are.", "Check the logo. Some counterfeiters alter the logo slightly. Classic examples are the Ralph Lauren polo player without a mallet or the Lacoste crocodile facing left (fake) rather than right (real). Know exactly what the logo is and check it.", "Beware of cross-pollinating. Counterfeiters will put any logo on any product, like a faux Prada triangle tag on a Chanel-like quilted bag. Make sure the logoed product is really the purported brand's design.", "Know your vintage goods. \"Established designer-resale stores take precautions to avoid selling counterfeits,\" says Cameron Silver, owner of Decades in Los Angeles. \"However, there is no guarantee. An informed consumer should know the hallmarks and quality controls of an authentic item.\"", "If you see someone selling counterfeits, contact the STOP! Hotline (1-866-999-HALT; stopfakes.gov). If you see suspicious activity such as a clandestine workshop or smuggling, call U.S. Customs and Border Protection (1-800-BE-ALERT).", "Support the Teacher of Ten Thousand Generations Foundation, which rescues child laborers from counterfeit factories in China and puts them in schools (confuciusfoundation.org).", "This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io", "A Part of Hearst Digital Media Harper's BAZAAR participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "Human Trafficking - Child Labor - Fake Designer Bags\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nHow Dominique Fishback Landed Her Biggest Role Yet\n\n2\n\nFran Lebowitz on Our Post-Pandemic Future\n\n3\n\nHalle Berry Learned to Simply \"Not Give a F**k\"\n\n4\n\nSneak Peek: Harry and Meghan Sit Down with Oprah\n\n5\n\nThe Best Dressed at the 78th Annual Golden Globes\n\nEvery product on this page was chosen by a Harper's BAZAAR editor. We may earn\ncommission on some of the items you choose to buy.\n\n# The Fight Against Fakes\n\nChild labor, terrorism, human trafficking: Buying counterfeit designer goods\nis hardly harmless, Dana Thomas reports\n\nBy Dana Thomas\n\nJan 9, 2009\n\nAP Images/Bebeto Matthews\n\nEvery time I give a talk on the luxury business today and I get to the subject\nof counterfeiting, the same thing happens. The room grows absolutely silent as\nI put forth the facts: It is estimated that up to 7 percent of our annual\nworld trade — $600 billion worth — is counterfeit or pirated; that fakes are\nbelieved to be directly responsible for the loss of more than 750,000 American\njobs; that everything from baby formula to medicine is counterfeited, with\ntragic results; that counterfeiters and the crime syndicates they work with\ndeal in human trafficking, child labor, and gang warfare; and that\ncounterfeiting is used to launder money, and the money has been linked to\ntruly sinister deeds such as terrorism.\n\nNo one utters a word, not a sound, as I recall the raid I went on with Chinese\npolice in a tenement in Guangzhou and what we discovered when we walked in:\ntwo dozen sad, tired, dirty children, ages 8 to 14, making fake Dunhill,\nVersace, and Hugo Boss handbags on old, rusty sewing machines. It was like\nsomething out of Dickens, Oliver Twist in the 21st century.\n\nThen I read the following passage from my book, Deluxe: How Luxury Lost Its\nLuster. \"'I remember walking into an assembly plant in Thailand a couple of\nyears ago and seeing six or seven little children, all under 10 years old,\nsitting on the floor assembling counterfeit leather handbags,' an investigator\ntold me... 'The owners had broken the children's legs and tied the lower leg\nto the thigh so the bones wouldn't mend. [They] did it because the children\nsaid they wanted to go outside and play.'\"\n\nThe audience gasps. From time to time, I see tears too. And afterward, I\nalways hear the same response: \"I had no idea.\" Always. Most consumers believe\nthat buying fake goods is harmless, that it's a victimless crime. But it's\nnot. It's not at all.\n\nIn the five years that I have been writing about this issue, I have seen two\nthings happen: The illegal enterprise is getting stronger and more\nprofessional, and the consumer is slowly but surely becoming more aware.\n\n## CRACKING DOWN ON COUNTERFEITERS\n\nIn the past year, there have been some victories in the battle. Among the most\nprominent was Louis Vuitton's win against eBay in court in Paris this past\nJune. (Counterfeiters have long used the Internet, particularly eBay, to sell\ntheir phony goods.) According to LVMH, the luxury-goods group that includes\nVuitton, Givenchy, and Celine, 90 percent of the Vuitton and Dior items\noffered on eBay in the first half of 2006 were counterfeits. That's right:\nNine out of 10 were fake. Most consumers have no idea. How would you know?\n\nVuitton pursued eBay over several major issues, including allowing vendors who\nflagrantly advertised that they were selling \"replica Louis Vuitton\" to hold\nauctions, misleading key words (e.g., when vendors stick the words Louis\nVuitton in their listings to get more traffic on the post, though they aren't\nselling anything Vuitton related), and eBay's inaction against repeat\noffenders who were promoted as PowerSellers on the site. \"We had a case where\nwe had 930 shut-down requests on a vendor, and this vendor was a PowerSeller,\"\nLouis Vuitton's intellectual-property director, Nathalie Moullé-Berteaux,\nsays. \"It was a sign of eBay's unwillingness to take measures against repeat\noffenders.\"\n\nThe French court agreed and ordered eBay to pay 38.7 million euros\n(approximately $63 million) in damages to Louis Vuitton, Christian Dior\nCouture, and other LVMH companies, calling eBay's behavior \"culpable\nnegligence.\" EBay, a California-based company, is appealing the ruling. The\nluxury industry, especially brands such as Tiffany & Co., which has a similar\ncase against eBay on appeal, is watching the case closely.\n\n## LAW AND ORDER\n\nThe battle against phony goods smuggled into the United States is getting more\nintensive. Inspector Brian O'Neill, who has overseen the Trademark\nInfringement Unit of the NYPD's Organized Crime Investigation Division since\n2002, has more resources and manpower than ever. \"We have patrol precincts and\nfield intelligence units assisting us in this kind of work, and my trademark\nunit coordinates the efforts to make sure we are all working together,\"\nO'Neill says. The joint effort is proving effective. \"There are certainly more\nsearch warrants and a large number of arrests in the past five years.\" Last\nMay, a patrol unit saw suspicious activity in a warehouse in Brooklyn and\nreported it to O'Neill's unit. The result was the biggest seizure ever in New\nYork City: 19 tractor trailers filled with counterfeit clothing and footwear\nwith an approximate street value of $10 million. \"The warehouse was a\ndistribution center where merchandise was brought from shipping containers and\nthen distributed,\" O'Neill explains.\n\nIn September 2007, authorities had another major success when they confiscated\nclose to 160,000 pairs of fake Nike sneakers with an estimated street value of\n$7.1 million from various locations in Queens, Brooklyn, and Staten Island\nafter an extensive two-year undercover operation. Yue F. Huang and his wife,\nHe Bin Huang-Wang, were arrested, and each faces up to 15 years in prison if\nconvicted of trademark counterfeiting.\n\nNew laws stand to make things even tougher for those selling fakes. In\nOctober, President Bush signed the PRO-IP Act, which establishes increased\npenalties for counterfeiters and strengthens those for sellers of fake goods\nthat cause physical harm or death (such as bogus medicines and auto parts or\ncell-phone batteries that explode). It also grants up to $25 million annually\nfor the next five years to state and local law enforcement to help develop\nanticounterfeiting programs. An intellectual-property coordinator will be\nappointed to oversee efforts from the White House.\n\nIn the same month, U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials announced that\nthey had experienced a 50 percent increase in seizures of counterfeit and\npirated goods at the Los Angeles-Long Beach seaport complex in the preceding\nyear. Altogether, CBP officials intercepted 357 shipments of fake goods worth\n$71.4 million at the seaport. Among the articles seized were Christmas lights\nthat could catch fire, food items that may have contained harmful ingredients,\nand handbags and shoes. \"No one should think of piracy and counterfeiting as\nminor crimes,\" said Robert Schoch, special agent in charge of the U.S.\nImmigration and Customs Enforcement office of investigations in Los Angeles.\n\"In today's world, [they] pose a serious threat to public safety and the\neconomy.\"\n\n## THE BATTLE CONTINUES\n\nThough laws and enforcement are getting more effective, criminals are getting\nwilier. Investigators see an increase in \"finishing\" in the U.S. — the\npractice of legally shipping in generic items, then having workers, many of\nthem illegal immigrants, stamp, embroider, or attach the logo or other\nidentifying details. \"Anything that can be brought in blank is being brought\nin blank,\" says Heather McDonald, a partner in the intellectual-property group\nat the law firm of Baker Hostetler in New York. \"They can attach a Prada tag\nor interlocking GG on demand. And they are very indiscriminate. It doesn't\nmatter if the design is from the brand or not. They put the logo on whatever\nthey think will sell.\"\n\nAnother new strategy is dealing on wheels. Some counterfeit wholesalers keep\ngoods no longer in stockrooms but in vans parked a few blocks away. They lead\nbuyers to the vans to shop there. Sometimes vendors will have customers stand\non a street corner and wait for the vehicle to drive up. If law enforcement\narrives, they speed off. \"The harder everyone works to stop the sale of\ncounterfeit goods, the more inventive counterfeiters have to get,\" says\nMcDonald. \"But no matter what we do, as long as there is a demand, there is\nalways going to be a supply.\"\n\n## HOW TO SPOT A FAKE\n\n * Question the price. If it's too good to be true, it's probably not real.\n * Know the dealer. A couple of years ago, Gucci discovered Wal-Mart was selling fake versions of its bags. To guarantee that your item is authentic, buy it at the brand's own boutique or at an authorized retailer, like a brand's department-store counter.\n * It's all in the details. Is the stitching straight? Is it well made? Do the edges match up? Does it have polished rivets or cheap screws? Is there glue residue? If something doesn't seem right, it probably isn't.\n * Look for signature marks. Since the 1980s, Vuitton bags have been stamped with a serial number and date code that are registered at Vuitton HQ. An Hermès leather bag has stamps that identify the artisan who made it and the year it was made. Find out what your brand's hallmarks are.\n * Check the logo. Some counterfeiters alter the logo slightly. Classic examples are the Ralph Lauren polo player without a mallet or the Lacoste crocodile facing left (fake) rather than right (real). Know exactly what the logo is and check it.\n * Beware of cross-pollinating. Counterfeiters will put any logo on any product, like a faux Prada triangle tag on a Chanel-like quilted bag. Make sure the logoed product is really the purported brand's design.\n * Know your vintage goods. \"Established designer-resale stores take precautions to avoid selling counterfeits,\" says Cameron Silver, owner of Decades in Los Angeles. \"However, there is no guarantee. An informed consumer should know the hallmarks and quality controls of an authentic item.\"\n * Still vexed? Check with the Authentics Foundation (myauthentics.com), a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping consumers avoid buying fakes.\n\n## WHAT YOU CAN DO\n\n * If you see someone selling counterfeits, contact the STOP! Hotline (1-866-999-HALT; stopfakes.gov). If you see suspicious activity such as a clandestine workshop or smuggling, call U.S. Customs and Border Protection (1-800-BE-ALERT).\n * Support the Teacher of Ten Thousand Generations Foundation, which rescues child laborers from counterfeit factories in China and puts them in schools (confuciusfoundation.org).\n * Check out Bazaar's fakesareneverinfashion.com.\n\nDana Thomas Contributor A freelance writer based in Paris, Dana Thomas is the\nauthor of Fashionopolis: The Price of Fast Fashion and the Future of Clothes,\npublished this month by Penguin Press.\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Features\n\nMy Sexuality Is As Fluid As My Netflix Queue\n\nWhy Lindsey Boylan Decided to Speak Out\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nThe Most Iconic Accessories of All Time\n\nHow Dominique Fishback Landed Her Biggest Role Yet\n\nFran Lebowitz on Our Post-Pandemic Future\n\nIn Texas, We Are The Rescue Team\n\nHow the Studio Museum Transformed the Art World\n\nMartha Stewart Is the Original Influencer\n\nMegan Thee Stallion and Rep. Maxine Waters Connect\n\nCarnival Is Everywhere. This Year Is Different.\n\n * Features\n * Culture\n * The Best Looks From New York Fashion Week: Spring 2015\n * Veteran Con Artist Frank Abagnale Speaks Out Against Fakes\n * The Best Looks From Paris Fashion Week: Fall 2014\n * Friend or Faux? The Fight Against Fashion Fakes\n * Insider Tips on How to Spot a Fake Handbag\n * Miley Poses Nude for Karl Lagerfeld in V Magazine\n\n * Newsletter\n * Contact Us\n * Media Kit\n * Press Room\n * Community Guidelines\n * Advertise Online\n * About Our Ads\n * Customer Service\n * Subscribe\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Give a Gift\n * TheBUZZ\n * Giveaways\n * Why Did I Get This Ad?\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Harper's BAZAAR participates in various\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-558253/Welcome-fakeBay-How-eBays-designer-bargains-just-good-true.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210501162917/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-558253/Welcome-fakeBay-How-eBays-designer-bargains-just-good-true.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Welcome to fakeBay: How eBay's 'designer' bargains are just too good to be true", "passages": [ "From cars to CDs, houses to handbags, these days you can buy almost anything on the online marketplace eBay - and millions of us do.", "But as well as being a fantastic place to pick up a bargain, or sell your old books or furniture, the website has also become a magnet for criminals, counterfeiters and fraudsters.", "Two weeks ago, the luxury jeweller Tiffany & Co announced it is suing eBay after finding that almost three-quarters of items claiming to be originally from its stores are, in fact, fakes. So, we decided to conduct our own investigation, setting ourselves up as a buyer and purchasing a variety of designer items from eBay.", "Of the 34 items we bought, from upmarket labels such as Tiffany, Louis Vuitton and Chanel, it emerged that 33 were fake and only one was real.", "Some were good copies, and only experts from the various design houses were able to tell us they were not real.", "Among the rip-offs we bought were a £200 \"Cartier\" watch (the real thing retails at a whopping £2,000); a set of fake silver cufflinks described as being from Tiffany & Co, which we bought for just under £50 (the real things cost £125); and a fake Louis Vuitton Danier canvas wallet (normal price £260) was bought for a mere £69.98.", "Of course, for every fake available there is a gullible, willing buyer, thinking they are picking up a bargain when, in fact, they are being totally conned.", "In fact, eBay says it is doing all it can to fight the counterfeiters and urges victims to report suspected phoney goods through the \"report this item\" button found at the bottom of every item listing.", "\"Ebay removes thousands of items from the site every week, although in the vast majority of cases this can only be done with help of [copy]rights owners, as only they have the expertise to identify relevant counterfeited items.\"", "Ruth Orchard, director-general of the Anti-Counterfeiting Group, which represents 200 organisations and is trying to stop the counterfeiting of branded products, says: \"Counterfeiting has risen by more than 10,000 per cent in the past two decades globally, while in the UK the market is worth at least £14 billion a year.", "Ruth adds: \"Apart from losing hard-earned money buying worthless items, there are serious safety issues with fake products for sale such as perfume and other healthcare goods.", "\"Also, the people selling these products are criminals - and you are handing over your personal details, like your address, to them. How safe is that?\"", "Markets, car boot sales and certain foreign holiday destinations are notorious for providing cheap replicas of luxury brands - which often fall apart before they've even got home - but now cyberspace is providing an increasingly lucrative place for fraudsters selling high-end phoney goods.", "A quick glance online shows tens of thousands of items claiming to be \"genuine designer\" items of clothing, jewellery, watches and handbags.", "Normally if you were trying to decide if something was real, you could pick it up and really examine it to make sure.", "But on eBay, buyers are entirely reliant on photographs, which are often of poor quality and can even be of the real item, whereas what is sent to you will be a fake.", "We soon discovered that if the picture is genuine, there are some giveaways to look out for - particularly if you are able to compare it to its real counterparts on the brand's official website.", "This was obvious, for example, with classic designs such as the \"Please Return to Tiffany & Co's New York 295\" key fob, because some of those we saw on eBay had lettering which was inconsistent with the original.", "Wallets and bags tend to be sewn unevenly, so it's worth studying the stitching, lining, fastenings and logos on goods either on the screen or when they arrive, if you do buy one.", "One \"Louis Vuitton\" wallet had poor stitching, which gave it away, and the brand's authentification stamp was on a different side of the wallet than the original - another common mistake by counterfeiters.", "We bought a Gucci necklace and earrings separately but from the same seller, who posted photographs of the pieces perched on a plump chestnut cushion surrounded by a Gucci-labelled carrier bag and a delicately placed Gucci ribbon.", "All this paraphernalia created an illusion of authenticity about the products, but crucially there were no close-up photographs of the jewellery and no hallmark detail could be garnered from the distant shot on screen.", "Within seconds of being handed the goods after they arrived in the post, a Gucci store sales assistant confirmed they were all fake.", "We discovered it is also relatively common to come across an item on eBay that carries a brand's name but is not a copy of a known design.", "We bought a fake Chanel necklace which was pictured on a shiny black box with the brand's trademark overlapping Cs.", "In reality, the necklace was of shockingly poor quality - the gold had rubbed away on the chain, leaving an unsightly green tinge, and the words \"Chanel, 31 Rue Cambon, Paris\" were printed, rather than engraved on the charm.", "Chanel later confirmed that neither the design nor anything similar existed. The same occurred with a Versace \"Signature\" shoulder bag, bought from a seller who insisted that her products were genuine.", "An expert informed us that Versace has never produced such a bag and that the \"Signature\" line was completely fictitious.", "When we confronted the seller by e-mail, they offered us a refund on return of the goods, but claimed that the socks were \"overstock\" that she had bought from an unnamed store in Manchester.", "Every time an item is purchased online, the buyer can leave a message marking the experience as \"positive\", \"neutral\" or \"negative\".", "If someone gets too many negative comments, they can simply set up another account under a different name and begin again.", "Feedback can be written by friends and there is even special software available that bumps up the number of positive responses someone has.", "One eBayer, with the moniker \"great-goodiez\", seemed genuinely shocked to discover that the Versace belt he sold us was counterfeit, and immediately issued a full refund.", "But only one other eBayer refunded us when we told them the goods were fake; four out of the 22 refused to repay us and one seller did not respond. The rest promised a refund upon return of the goods.", "The majority of sellers claimed that they had bought the items in question from other eBayers, either as a one-off or as a job lot.", "\"Ru-lai99\" claimed that the Alexander McQueen scarves she sold came from the Alexander McQueen factory, but had been rejected due to imperfections.", "\"Holly_valentine\" would not disclose where she bought the phoney Versace bag she sold us, and flatly refused to issue a refund. She maintains that the product is real, despite confirmation from Versace that it is not, and is still selling a number of them on eBay.", "But in most cases, sellers did not dispute our claim to being sold a counterfeit, although most were vague when asked for details of where the item came from.", "Despite eBay insisting it is doing all it can, there is still a strong sense that it is not doing enough to protect its users.", "\"Meanwhile, customers should be wary of buying silver jewellery marked Tiffany from anyone but Tiffany. Such goods are highly likely to be counterfeit.\"", "Fakes expert Ruth Orchard points out that while each transaction may seem relatively minor, when thousands are put together they constitute a booming and damaging industry.", "\"Apart from the very important point about harm to the consumer, it is also crucial to understand the impact on the national economy because fakers don't pay any taxes or VAT.", "\"People should also be aware that, at present, there is no straightforward way to hold eBay liable for fakes sold in auctions on its site.\"", "Clothes manufacturer Juicy Couture says it has also approached eBay about the problem in the past - to no avail - but it has yet to take legal action.", "\"If something appears on a website with a much lower recommended retail price than our retailers, that's normally a sign that it's fake.\"", "Of course, there is only one way to make sure something you buy is genuine - buy it from the company's store itself.", "After all, in the world of eBay bargains, if something seems too good to be true, that's because it probably is.", "No comments have so far been submitted. 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Gemma Collins battles through her hangover for a gruelling workout as she displays her incredible three stone weight loss", "Helen Mirren, 75, joins forces with Italian comic for a hilarious sketch to promote the Covid vaccine as he falls madly in love with her after learning she's had the jab", "Phoebe Dynevor makes her full transformation into ceramic artist Clarice Cliff as she leads an on-set painting session while filming biopic The Colour Room", "Noel Clarke was accused of ruining Kidulthood co-star Adam Deacon's career after he was found guilty of harassment in row over film copyright", "'None of us knew what she was battling': Helen McCrory's friends learned of her brave cancer battle just days before her tragic death", "Jennifer Lopez and Ben Affleck spark reunion rumours as it's revealed they have been 'hanging out'... weeks after her split from Alex Rodriguez", "Leggy Mollie King mixes punk with business as she dons tough boots and denim cut-offs with a blazer while arriving for work at Radio 1", "Kylie Jenner's 'twin' BFF Stassie Karanikolaou reveals her natural complexion by going makeup free as she heads home following a workout", "Willow Smith is seen for the first time since revealing she's polyamorous as she heads out for dinner with her boyfriend Tyler Cole, her brother Jaden and his female pal", "Shadow and Bone cast scream in terror and are left in tears of laughter after Netflix prank them by turning London into The Fold in reunion clip", "Shaming of a Bafta icon: A starlet told to audition nude, claims of bullying and groping by a host of co-stars - so why was Noel Clarke given a major award?", "Kylie Jenner wraps up in slinky black leather overcoat as she heads out on the town with curvy BFF Stassie Karanikolaou in Los Angeles", "JAY-Z reveals whether he wants his three children with wife Beyoncé to follow their megastar parents into the music business - after daughter Blue Ivy, nine, won a Grammy", "Kate Lawler shares sweet snap of her daughter Noa to mark three months since her arrival... before hilariously admitting she FORGOT the date of her newborn's birth", "So who the H-eck is it? The Mail's own dogged detective sifts the final clues to finger who's the master villain in our line-up, writes JAN MOIR", "Meghan Markle 'may have been wrong to suggest Archie should have been given the title of Prince', admits Omid Scobie - but he still insists 'there is more to this story'", "New haul of Diana revelations return to haunt Charles as Netflix documentary makers plan film based on unheard audio recordings", "Jodie Turner-Smith reveals she was in her second trimester of pregnancy while training for film Without Remorse alongside Michael B. Jordan and Jamie Bell", "Kourtney Kardashian shows her music tastes by modeling The Cure shirt... days after quoting the band under sizzling PDA snap with beau Travis Barker", "Lori Harvey looks sleek in black pinstripes as she grabs lunch... after going on a date at the shooting range with her boyfriend Michael B. Jordan", "Emma Roberts and her boyfriend Garrett Hedlund enjoy some quality time together with a stroll through Pasadena with baby Rhodes", "Lily Allen flaunts her toned midriff in a black crop top and leggings following intense boxing session in NYC (and she's still wearing her gloves!)", "Miley Cyrus goes braless in a pink tee while hiking in LA... as Twitter explodes over banter with Elon Musk ahead of their SNL episode", "'You're doing your family proud': Michelle Heaton's husband breaks silence after she checks into rehab and tells her 'it takes strength to speak up'", "Mike Tindall is 'an asset to the royal family' because 'he's a connection to normal people' and the 'embodiment of country life' expert claims", "'SNL' cast 'won't be forced to appear with host Elon Musk' after some of the wealthy comics 'complained about growth of billionaire's fortune during COVID'", "Elsa Hosk shows off incredible post-baby body as she strikes a pose in skimpy pink and blue floral bikini... 10 weeks after giving birth to daughter Tuulikki", "Noel Clarke says 'sorry': Actor says allegations from 20 women have 'made it clear to me my actions have affected people in ways I did not realise'", "Tom Hanks puts his arm around wife of 33 years Rita Wilson as the loving pair are seen on an athletic outing in Los Angeles ahead of the weekend", "Maura Higgins flaunts abs in a dark green co-ords... after admitting obsession with exercise meant she didn't have a period in four months", "Shoppers are snapping up this Remington hair straightener - that reviewers say is a perfect dupe for ghds - for just £30 on Amazon today", "Line Of Duty star predicts the series six finale will 'break hearts' as he praises show makers for producing one of the most 'iconic' dramas in years", "FIRST LOOK: Megan Fox and Bruce Willis appear in first stills for thriller Midnight In The Switchgrass... which costars her beau Machine Gun Kelly", "Moment Josh Duggar is booked into jail after his arrest on child porn charges: Star pleads not guilty to 'knowingly receiving images of a minor under 12', as he faces 20 years in jail", "New parents Kit Harington and Rose Leslie put on a loved-up display on a shopping trip in New York City two months after arrival of their baby son", "EastEnders 'hit with over 100 complaints' over Kush Kazemi's tube station murder that has been branded 'horrific' by 'distressed' fans", "Real Housewives of Atlanta's Marlo Hampton shares the REAL reason for feud with 'liar' Porsha Williams - and why she deserves to be upgraded to a full time cast member on the series", "These Monica Vinader pieces have been spotted on the likes of celebs from Bella Hadid to Jessica Alba - here's how to get 15% off Promoted", "Lady Gaga's dad says he NEVER believed woman, 50, who claimed to have 'found' singer's stolen dogs after court appearance on attempted murder charges", "'I'm a sexual creature, I say it to my children': Ulrika Jonsson has discussed her 'sexual awakening' with her kids and 'won't rule out' another marriage", "Demi Rose puts on a VERY busty display in plunging grey bikini for sizzling new snap... after receiving flowers from an admirer", "Caprice Bourret joins Lydia Bright on night out as they prove their friendship is still going strong 4 years after appearing on The Jump", "'No pain, no gain!' Una Healy shows off her midriff wearing a zip-up sports bra and leggings as she poses with a kettlebell in sizzling new snap", "Channing Tatum is still trying to wrap up his financial settlement with ex-wife Jenna Dewan nearly TWO YEARS after they divorced", "Hostage to fortune: Britney Spears' father controls her millions, now a new BBC documentary asks if the pop princess will ever be free", "Vanessa Lachey tapped to star in NCIS: Hawaii spinoff... which will be the FIRST show in the smash hit franchise with a female lead", "Line Of Duty's Adrian Dunbar is revealed to be the voice behind classic children's bedtime story Guess How Much I Love You", "Reese Witherspoon heads to the Brentwood Country Mart with her husband Jim Toth and son Tennessee James ahead of the weekend", "Kylie Jenner obtains a restraining order against the stalker she had arrested after he was taken in for swimming naked in sister Kendall's pool", "Cardi B rocks two-tone hair and slips her curves into a risqué lime green ensemble for latest Instagram glamour shots", "Katherine Ryan shares glamorous selfie and snap of husband... after she reveals her TV show The Duchess has been cancelled after one season", "Sir Elton John, Liz Hurley and Sir Lenny Henry star in NHS advert urging more people to get their Covid jab", "PICTURED: Khloe Kardashian builds home alongside Kris Jenner's new mega mansion... but will serial cheat Tristan be welcome amid latest scandal?", "Brian Austin Green's ex Tina Louise confirms her new relationship with Selling Sunset's Brett Oppenheim as they go for a PDA-filled stroll in Venice Beach", "'It could be my last': Tom Daley, 26, reveals his upset that son Robbie, 2, won't be able to join him at the Tokyo Olympics as he strips down to briefs for shoot", "Halle Berry reveals her severe bob at the Oscars was just a wig as she shows off long hair... after fans poked fun at the short hairdo", "Princess Beatrice and her husband Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi look smitten as they leave private members club Loulou's in Mayfair after dinner out", "Camila Cabello enjoys life in the slow lane as she gets behind the wheel of a red Honda Fit for driving lesson in Miami", "Chloe Khan struggles to contain her ample assets in plunging white blazer as she steps out to grab a coffee in London", "Christine Lampard cuts a stylish figure in a blazer and black jeans as she steps out for a romantic lunch date with husband Frank Lampard", "Hilary Duff cuts a very casual figure in a crewneck sweater and matching leggings for solo coffee run in Los Angeles", "Toni Collette set to play murder victim Kathleen Peterson alongside Colin Firth in upcoming limited series The Staircase for HBO Max", "Is Gemma Collins engaged? Star flashes diamond sparkler beau Rami Hawash proposed with in 2013 as she eats out in Mayfair after reigniting romance", "Keira Knightley is officially dropping her famous surname to take that of her husband James Righton... eight years after they were married", "Dame Judi Dench eats 100 Maltesers as part of the Captain Tom Moore 100 challenge - in honour of the number of garden laps he did to raise money", "Amelia Gray Hamlin looks a vision of summer in a tie dye bathing suit set... amid claims her boyfriend Scott Disick has 'distanced himself' from Kourtney Kardashian", "Gabby Allen and beau Brandon Myers are seen for the first time in public since returning to the UK following their extended stay in Dubai", "'He'll be missed but never forgotten' Shirley Ballas puts on brave face as she leaves The One Show after discussing sudden death of her late father", "'I was terrified': Skins star Kaya Scodelario reveals she was asked to audition naked for a 'big' director - but admits she feels 'scared' speaking out", "Holly Willoughby shares sweet snap of her parents to mark their 44th wedding anniversary as she jokes dad looks Friends actor Tom Selleck", "Kelly Clarkson FINALLY finds buyer for $6.95million Tennessee lake view mansion after FOUR YEARS and SLASHING price by nearly $2MILLION", "Love Island's Laura Anderson sizzles in sheer purple lingerie as she poses for sultry snaps amid claims she's back with her ex Dane Bowers", "Now THAT'S unusual... Sir Tom Jones becomes oldest male to have a No.1 album in the UK charts (overtaking Bob Dylan who topped the chart aged 79 last year)", "Kyle Richards, Ramona Singer and Kenya Moore don swimsuits as they try to outshine each other on Real Housewives All Stars", "Lisa Rinna goes braless while running errands in LA... as her Real Housewives Of Beverly Hills co-star Kyle Richards parties in the Turks and Caicos", "Denise Welch reveals she hoped a plane crash would kill her and baby son Matt Healy as she battled severe postnatal depression", "Seth Rogen shows off a mullet as he enjoys a smoke break on the set of Pam & Tommy in Los Angeles", "Elizabeth Hurley, 55, flaunts her svelte frame in a tiny leopard print bikini as she frolics on the beach in a tropical throwback snap", "Princess Diana's racy dress? Well, what a mighty feast to set before a king! The waspish verdict given to royal biographer HUGO VICKERS", "'I'm single but I ain't desperate!' Alison Hammond hits back at Jimmy Carr after he makes risqué joke about 'bedding' her and Amanda Holden", "Pregnant Binky Felstead proudly displays her burgeoning baby bump as she marks five weeks till she gives birth to her second child", "'You literally don't breathe until they go to bed': Paloma Faith admits she 'curses all day' before spending 'hours' looking at snaps of her baby daughter in honest parenting post", "Kylie Jenner, 23, wishes 'Stormi's daddy' Travis Scott a happy 29th birthday as she shares photos of the rapper with her mini me, three", "Lottie Moss steps out in skimpy green co-ords and a biker jacket to head to the salon after returning to the UK following LA", "Green Lantern series lands American Horror Story veteran actor Finn Wittrock in the lead role... after Ryan Reynolds played the part in a 2011 movie", "Pregnant Pixie Geldof dresses her baby bump in a powder blue jumper as she enjoys an al fresco afternoon tea with pal Jack Guinness", "Ashley Roberts leaves nothing to the imagination as she poses TOPLESS in raunchy snap as she rings in the Bank Holiday weekend", "Marilyn Manson is sued by Game of Thrones actress who claims he drugged, tortured and raped her during years of abuse", "Katie Price heads to the hairdressers for a consultation to get her extensions put back in with fiancé Carl Woods by her side", "Noel Clarke photographed couple having sex: Star hit by groping and bullying claims shared snap of 'doggy style' pair through window", "Victoria Beckham shares glimpse of shirtless David showing his physique during workout - as she reveals he takes video calls in just PANTS from the waist down", "Nicole Kidman wears a red wig as she portrays Lucille Ball on set of the biopic Being The Ricardos with costars Javier Bardem and Alia Shawkat", "Vivienne Westwood, 80, dons a punk facemask as she has dinner al fresco with husband Andreas Kronthaler, 55, at Scott's in Mayfair", "Ashley Benson is seen leaving a West Hollywood nightclub with a mystery man... following claims she has reconciled with ex G-Eazy", "Cameron Diaz, 48, shares a very RARE Insta photo to model a shirt made by friend Stella McCartney... as she has not acted in a film in SEVEN YEARS", "Jade Thirlwall and her boyfriend Jordan Stephens look more loved up than ever as they step out for a low-key coffee run together in London", "Meghan Markle tells teenage girls to 'challenge injustice' as she speaks to 'young activists with ambitions of being senators, doctors and presidents'", "Dustin Johnson's fiancée Paulina Gretzky thanks Vera Wang for making her 'dreams come true' after the designer helps her choose a wedding dress", "Miles Teller wears a suit as his wife Keleigh looks stunning in a hot pink fascinator as they enjoy mint juleps at the Kentucky Derby", "Line Of Duty's Polly Walker wraps up warm as she steps out for a stroll with her husband and pet dog ahead of the eagerly anticipated series six finale", "Kourtney Kardashian's friend Addison Rae stuns in a bold red ensemble... days after revealing the release date for her Netflix redo of She's All That", "Jennifer Aniston looks stylish in black bodysuit and jeans on night out with pals including Will Speck and Molly McNearney", "Suki Waterhouse highlights her svelte physique in a pastel slip dress as she cuddles her beloved dog Marvin in radiant snaps", "People vs Post Office: ITV will produce drama about sub-postmasters scandal that saw 39 innocent people falsely branded criminals due to an IT glitch", "Buffy by the beach! Sarah Michelle Gellar sizzles in a swimsuit as she enjoys 'me time' in Mexico to celebrate her 44th birthday with pal Lauren Conrad", "Kate Moss, 47, opts for a stylish grey pinstriped shirt and jeans as she heads out for lunch with a pal", "Transgender actor Elliot Page recalls 'total hell' of puberty - and reveals he felt so 'unwell' when he had to wear red carpet dresses", "'The pain is unbearable': Ashley Cain's grieving girlfriend Safiyya says she's struggling to get out of bed after losing baby daughter Azaylia", "'We're going to have H on the sofa next week': Alison Hammond confirms the fourth person WILL be revealed in Sunday's Line Of Duty finale", "Eddie Marsan bursts out laughing as he plays conman John Darwin while Monica Dolan hugs their on-screen sons during filming of ITV drama", "Rita Ora cuddles up for an intimate chat with 'love interest' Taika Waititi at RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under premiere before sneaking out together", "In with the locals! Sons of Anarchy star Charlie Hunnam smiles for a selfie with a fan in Sydney after arriving Down Under to film new series Shantaram", "William and Kate's beach video seems 'wistful' compared to 'ambiguous' black and white snap of Meghan Markle and Archie on the sand - but both put children centre stage", "A youthful Madonna is seen posing playfully for rare pictures taken when she was aged 25 and her star was rising - and fans now have the chance to snap them up", "Victoria Beckham says she refused to 'give up and wear sweatpants', acted as a 'cheerleader' for her family and struggled to cope with homeschooling as she reflects on lockdown", "'I feel broken hearted': Love Island's Jack Fowler bursts into tears as he pays moving tribute to friend, 35, who died in Ibiza diving accident", "Little Mix transform into bearded men as they star for the first time as a trio in new Confetti music video after Jesy Nelson left band", "Call The Midwife star Megan Cusack is a member of a legendary acting dynasty spanning 100 YEARS including theatre star Niamh as her aunt and Jeremy Irons for uncle", "'We love and miss you': The Beckhams send Brooklyn's fiancée Nicola Peltz a giant bouquet of flowers as she's struck down with mystery illness", "Lady Gaga looks sombre as she continues work on House Of Gucci... after five people were charged over the violent kidnapping of her dogs", "Gordon Ramsay and his wife Tana appear to be in good spirits as they enjoy a family dinner at one of his restaurants with their children", "Noel Clarke accused of 'exposing himself, filming naked audition, and shoving his tongue in mouth of teen' - as video emerges of star using mic as lewd prop", "Katie Price's fiancé Carl Woods puts in an offer on an £800K house for the TV star and her kids to live in while her 'mucky mansion' undergoes renovations", "Mike Tindall says 'brave' Queen 'made a stand' by sitting on her own at Prince Philip's funeral and was 'amazing' during the farewell", "Dance Moms vet Maddie Ziegler looks chic in Daisy Duke shorts and boots... after the new trailer for her next film West Side Story debuts", "Rebel Wilson flaunts her curves in a wetsuit as she enjoys a 'chill day on set' with Charlotte Gainsbourg after showing off her weight loss in a leotard", "Danielle Lloyd candidly admits she considered 'taking her own life' when she turned to substance abuse while struggling with anxiety", "TOWIE's Chloe Sims continues to embrace her new 'natural' look in 70s-inspired outfit as she joins ab-flashing sisters Frankie and Demi for filming", "Jessie J showcases her enviably toned frame in a white bikini during frolic on the beach... as she thanks beau Max Pham Nguyen for taking sizzling snaps", "Ashley Roberts looks stylish in a sleek beige co-ord ensemble as she leaves Heart FM... after ex Giovanni Pernice admitted he was lonely after their split", "'We couldn't force her to stay': Little Mix reveal they haven't heard Jesy Nelson's new music and it was 'a shift' adjusting to being a trio as they kick off promotions for their new single", "Rita Ora and Taika Waititi look coy as they sneaking into the premiere of RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under together - as romance rumours heat up", "Amanda Holden nails biker chic in a trendy leather jacket with a £2,800 Dior saddlebag during another fashionable departure from Heart FM", "Love Island's Rebecca Gormley and Biggs Chris look loved up during a walk after sparking pregnancy rumours with a cryptic TikTok", "'It's too intimidating!': Line Of Duty's Kelly Macdonald reveals she had to stop 'binge-watching' old series ahead of playing Jo Davidson - and will NOT be tuning into the finale", "Sky 'halts' work with Noel Clarke and cancels Bulletproof filming over sex claims - as ITV is pressured to axe tonight's Viewpoint after viewers slam decision to air sex scene", "'You're an incredible woman': Kate Garraway is visibly moved after being lauded by a soldier for her resilience amid husband Derek's Covid battle", "Victoria Beckham admits she can't afford to show at Fashion Week this year as she moans big brands don't leave space for designers like herself", "Entourage creator Doug Ellin accuses HBO of burying the award-winning show on its streaming platform because it isn't woke enough", "SARAH VINE: Eat your heart out Harry and Meghan, the Cambridges' slick new home movie is a touch of Boden, but utterly charming", "Zac Efron's friend Kyle Sandilands sets the record straight on rumours he's had plastic surgery... after his 'new face' sent Twitter into a meltdown", "Royal in red! Queen Letizia of Spain nails springtime chic in wide leg trousers and pretty white T-shirt as she attends Congress on Rare Diseases", "Gemma Collins plugs her clothing collection's sale in series of stunning snaps... weeks after the company's mounting financial turmoil was revealed", "Mollie King looks like a Seventies siren in a knitted top and flares... after detailing her 'relaxed' wedding plans with cricketer fiancé Stuart Broad", "Love Island star Lucie Donlan stuns in an orange bikini on the beach as she signs six-figure deal to become the new face of surf giant O'Neill", "Boy George, 59, ditches his signature androgynous look to go makeup-free for dinner with pal FKA twigs as they let their hair down during low-key outing", "'I love you to the moon and back': Katie Price pays emotional tribute to her terminally ill mother Amy... after revealing she 'hasn't got long to live'", "Coldplay to open BRITs as the band record their performance on the Thames - with ceremony to become the UK's first major indoor music event since Covid-19", "Married At First Sight's Jessika Power says she would like to next appear in UK reality show Celebs Go Dating - or the now defunct Celebrity Big Brother", "Kelly Rowland reveals her 'sisters' and Destiny's Child bandmates Beyonce and Michelle Williams watched her give birth via Zoom in January", "Dana: My darkest hour... She's the Eurovision darling, but here she lays bare the fall-out from the sex abuse claim that blew her family apart", "Kate Lawler, 40, showcases her incredible post-baby body in a grey sports bra as she hits the gym two months after giving birth", "Fans unearth footage of sparks flying between Kourtney Kardashian and Travis Barker on old episodes of KUWTK... long before their red hot romance", "Kim Kardashian bleaches her eyebrows and goes blonde... then instantly RETURNS to brunette assuring fans there was no drastic change made: 'I'm back to dark already'", "Love Island's India Reynolds sets pulses racing as she showcases her incredible figure in sexy swimwear from her new Pour Moi collection", "Jordyn Woods highlights her curves in striking graphic print trousers as she heads for dinner with Jaden Smith and her sister Jodie in Malibu", "Dua Lipa works up a sweat as she does back extension exercises in a black sports bra and gym leggings", "Nicola Roberts teams her comfy grey tracksuit with a stylish gingham coat as she heads out to grab a healthy green juice", "SAS: Rogue Heroes FIRST LOOK: Jack O'Connell crash lands in parachute stunt as Connor Swindells is covered in blood while they film action scenes in Gloucestershire", "Michael Caine, 88, cannot stop beaming as he leaves a London date night with wife Shakira, 74... after marking 48th wedding anniversary", "Morgan Wallen not welcome at Billboard Awards ceremony 'in any capacity' after being caught using N-word, despite being nominated five times", "Cardi B catches the eye in a patterned trouser suit as she links arms with rapper husband Offset during romantic dinner date", "Michael Douglas' stepmother Anne dead at 102: Actor leads the tributes to widow of his late father Kirk as he declares 'she will always be in our hearts'", "'I'm not going on a runway looking like a Rastafarian': Naomi Campbell refused to wear 'stereotypical' clothes but regrets not 'speaking out more' on racism in fashion", "Kaia Gerber highlights her glowing tan in a bright white romper as she stocks up on groceries at Erewhon in LA", "Jessica Alves commands attention in a figure-hugging Pharaoh print dress for dinner... after admitting she's gained 66lbs since having sex reassignment surgery", "FA president Prince William, Marcus Rashford, Gary Lineker and Lewis Hamilton all join sport's four-day boycott to tackle racism and other online abuse", "Jessica Simpson poses on horseback while plugging Amazon virtual essay reflecting on how she overcame her 'lifelong fear of horses'", "'Sometimes it's best to leave it': Line Of Duty star Martin Compston reveals this year's show could be the LAST", "'I have tested positive': Peter Andre and Katie Price's son Junior, 15, reveals he has been diagnosed with COVID-19... four months after his dad contracted it", "Why Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson picked Australia to film his new autobiographical sitcom - which turned the city Brisbane into the actor's childhood hometown", "Rebel Wilson flaunts her slim physique in skin-tight trousers as she rides a bike while filming new movie in Merseyside- after 4.5st weight loss", "Viewpoint viewers switch off in their droves in light of Noel Clarke sexual harassment allegations as ITV is slammed for airing show amid claims", "Star Wars director J.J. Abrams is hoping for profits as he puts Pacific Palisades mansion up for sale for $22M... after purchasing for $14.47M in 2014", "Film publicist Anne Douglas - the widow of Kirk Douglas and stepmother of Michael Douglas - dies aged 102 at home in Beverly Hills", "Miley Cyrus leaves West Hollywood hair salon wearing pink mask and white tank top after dropping video for her The Kid Laroi remix Without You", "Michael B. Jordan opens up about his late friend Chadwick Boseman losing the Oscar: 'There's no award that can validate his legacy'", "Lucy Liu says that despite having 'moved the needle' with her own Hollywood success 'it'll take more to end 200 years of Asian stereotypes'", "Travis Barker's ex-wife Shanna Moakler posts a salty Instagram comment shading her ex amid Kourtney Kardashian romance: 'My relationship isn't based on social media'", "Miley Cyrus kicks back with a beer and performs in a McDonald's PARKING LOT in music video for Without You with the Kid LAROI", "'Kisses on a reigny day': Kourtney Kardashian cuddles up to son Reign, 6, in sweet Instagram snap... amid red hot romance with Travis Barker", "Madonna's daughter Lourdes Leon gets cheeky as she sticks her tongue out while posing next to an artistic rendering of her iconic mom", "Real Housewives of New York City star Heather Thomson says she gets 'assaulted this season' ... amid feud with castmate Leah McSweeney", "'This vile message broke me yesterday': Bake Off star Laura Adlington admits she's 'heartbroken' as she shares shocking posts left by trolls", "Rumer Willis picks up dry cleaning in LA while sister Scout stops by a cafe carrying her dog in a sling", "Hilary Duff runs errands with toddler daughter Banks in LA after landing lead role in How I Met Your Mother", "Caught in the act! Martha Kalifatidis catches her braless Big Brother star mother Mary stealing plants from her building's community garden", "BAZ BAMIGBOYE: Olivia Williams set to portray Camilla Parker Bowles opposite Dominic West as Prince of Wales in fifth season of The Crown", "'The offer to take part is there!' Strictly bosses 'keen to sign Carrie Symonds to this year's line-up' - which could help pay off £200k flat refurb", "Netflix's Sweet Tooth reveals a world full of part human, part animal hybrids... as fantasy drama series gets premiere date and first teaser", "Extending an olive branch? Prince Harry and Meghan Markle 'privately congratulated' Prince William and Kate Middleton on their tenth wedding anniversary", "Line Of Duty star Martin Compston says someone records his lines so he can listen to them to help him perfect his fake Southern accent", "Ariel Winter pays no mind to the sweltering LA heat as she drapes her body in all black with a pair of UGG boots during a grocery haul", "Line Of Duty's Vicky McClure recalls flying on Madonna's private jet after shooting a film before heading back to her office job during her early acting career", "Jersey Shore's Ronnie Ortiz-Magro was arrested for 'domestic violence' after his girlfriend called the police... even as she claims they're now 'fine'", "Peekaboo! Super slender Lara Bingle shows off a hint of her cleavage in a very low-cut stylish bustier top as she goes shopping in Sydney", "Angelica Ross sizzles in sheer gown as Indya Moore is a leggy delight and Janet Mock turns up the glitz factor in gold for Pose season three premiere", "Selena Gomez signs on to star in new psychological thriller Spiral while also starting up a new mental health initiative", "SEBASTIAN SHAKESPEARE: Mick Jagger selling L'Wren Scott dress collection to boost a scholarship in her name Set to raise thousands", "'I'm massively proud of it': Diversity's Ashley Banjo calls their Black Lives Matter dance routine 'life-changing' as it receives BAFTA nod", "Kim Kardashian makes the most of her 26inch waist in unusual dress that looks cut up and sewn back together... as Kanye still wears his wedding ring", "Amy Schumer jokes that her vagina is 'just street trash' after tying the knot to husband Chris Fischer in 2018 Gave a hilarious - and graphic - answer", "All in the line of nudie: Martin Compston strips off for raunchy sex scene in images from 2009 thriller that would even make ladies man Steve Arnott blush", "House Of The Dragon star Emma D'Arcy sports an icy blonde wig and sweeping cloak as she films scenes for Game of Thrones prequel in Cornwall", "'I nearly collapsed... I just went cold': Will Mellor reveals he was left with impaired vision and lived 'in a cloud' after suffering a tragic slew of family deaths", "Kate Middleton and Prince William's give glimpse into their home life as they climb sand dunes and toast marshmallows with their children in video to mark 10th anniversary", "Eyal Booker shares a laugh with a pretty blonde in Mayfair as he returns to the UK after spending lockdown with girlfriend Delilah Hamlin in LA", "Gemma Collins is laden with Louis Vuitton and Selfridges bags following a designer shopping spree before joining a girls dinner in Mayfair", "Love Island's Molly-Mae Hague looks chic in a white power suit as she enjoys her sister Zoe's birthday celebrations with Maura Higgins in Manchester", "Stacey Solomon reunites with her pregnant best friend Mrs Hinch with an adorable picnic in the garden of her new £1.2million home", "BRIAN VINER: Disney's Oscar hit? It's no fairy tale... It won Frances McDormand a well-deserved gong, but Nomadland is a tough one to love", "BAZ BAMIGBOYE: Now be our guests, say Beauty and her Beast The much-loved musical adaptation will tour the United Kingdom and Ireland", "'He does this ALL the time': Holly Willoughby reveals husband Dan Baldwin's amusing wine prank to trick her pals into thinking she has been drinking all day", "Victoria's Secret model Joy Corrigan tips back a glass of bubbly as she proudly displays her statuesque bikini body during a yacht party off Miami", "Taking their love to new heights! Delta Goodrem and her very tall long-term boyfriend Matt Copley put on a rare PDA show as they head out for brunch", "Love Island's Amber Davies turns up the heat in loungewear lingerie with a VERY high-cut thong... after splitting with Nick Kyriacou Toned and trim", "Jason Segel and Alexa Mixter split! The How I Met Your Mother actor, 41, and artist, 30, part ways after eight years as she says 'I will never stop loving you'", "'India is bleeding': Priyanka Chopra urges fans to help her home country where COVID-19 death toll tops 200,000... as hubby Nick Jonas joins in plea", "Tom Cruise 'launches into furious rant on set after being irritated by noisy tree branches on his trailer roof' More disruption on the set of his new film", "'Hurry so I can borrow!' Nicola Peltz pines after future mother-in-law Victoria Beckham's Spring-Summer range as she teases new collection", "Cristiano Ronaldo's girlfriend Georgina Rodriguez displays her cleavage in a scooped bikini top as she poses for Italian beachwear brand", "Emily Ratajkowski puts her post-baby body on display in leggy black skirt as she grabs juice in NYC... just one month after giving birth Looking good", "Kris Jenner celebrates 40 MILLION FOLLOWERS on Instagram by throwing it back to her first post nine years ago: 'Hello instagram world!'", "Rachel Brosnahan causes a stir in Washington Square Park as she dons vintage hair curlers and pajamas while joined by Alex Borstein on set of Marvelous Mrs. Maisel", "Cheryl dresses down in a padded coat and a baseball cap as she takes her new dog out for a walk in Buckinghamshire during rare sighting", "'It's terrifying, the miserable world they're going to create': The Who's Roger Daltrey criticises 'woke generation' and says he lived in the 'golden era'", "CHRISTOPHER STEVENS: Survivors, saviours and the tears that became a flood of emotion A masterful blend of reportage and emotion", "'You are a danger to the health, safety and lives of all humans!' Corrie star Matthew Marsden slammed for encouraging fans not to get tested for Covid", "The late Steve Irwin meets his baby granddaughter Grace Warrior in viral fan artwork on TikTok Late conservationist is fondly remembered", "Australian musician Nick Weaver dies aged 37: Guitarist of psychedelic pop band Deep Sea Arcade loses battle with cancer, his family confirms", "ADRIAN THRILLS: Fleetwood & Co come together to sing the BLUES for GREEN Peter Green was probably anticipating an emotional evening", "PATRICK MARMION: The Winter's Tale with a little spring in its step! 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Tourists create VERY amusing scenes by posing with statues - including stealing a suitcase from an embracing couple and recreating a dance routine", "dmg media Contact us How to complain Leadership Team Advertise with us Contributors Terms Do not sell my info Privacy policy & cookies" ] }, "parsed_md": "Welcome to fakeBay: How eBay's 'designer' bargains are just too good to be\ntrue | Daily Mail Online\n\n * Home\n * News\n * U.S.\n * Sport\n * TV&Showbiz\n * Australia\n * Femail\n * Health\n * Science\n * Money\n * Video\n * Travel\n * Best Buys\n * Discounts\n\n * Argos\n * AO.com\n * River Island\n * Groupon\n * Debenhams\n * Wayfair\n * Very\n * eBay\n * Boohoo\n * Nike\n * Currys\n * Virgin Media\n * ASOS\n * TUI\n * My Profile\n * Logout\n * Login\n\n * Latest Headlines\n * Meghan Markle\n * Fashion Finder\n * Food\n * Mail Best\n * Shopping\n * Gardening\n * Parenting Blog\n\n * My Profile\n * Logout\n\n * Login\n\nPrivacy Policy Feedback\n\nSaturday, May 1st 2021 4PM 11°C 7PM 10°C 5-Day Forecast\n\nAdvertisement\n\nshow ad\n\n# Welcome to fakeBay: How eBay's 'designer' bargains are just too good to be\ntrue\n\nBy LAURA MOSS\n\nFrom cars to CDs, houses to handbags, these days you can buy almost anything\non the online marketplace eBay - and millions of us do.\n\nBut as well as being a fantastic place to pick up a bargain, or sell your old\nbooks or furniture, the website has also become a magnet for criminals,\ncounterfeiters and fraudsters.\n\nTwo weeks ago, the luxury jeweller Tiffany & Co announced it is suing eBay\nafter finding that almost three-quarters of items claiming to be originally\nfrom its stores are, in fact, fakes. So, we decided to conduct our own\ninvestigation, setting ourselves up as a buyer and purchasing a variety of\ndesigner items from eBay.\n\nOf the 34 items we bought, from upmarket labels such as Tiffany, Louis Vuitton\nand Chanel, it emerged that 33 were fake and only one was real.\n\nSome were good copies, and only experts from the various design houses were\nable to tell us they were not real.\n\nOthers were so shoddy it was obvious they were not actually luxury items.\n\nAmong the rip-offs we bought were a £200 \"Cartier\" watch (the real thing\nretails at a whopping £2,000); a set of fake silver cufflinks described as\nbeing from Tiffany & Co, which we bought for just under £50 (the real things\ncost £125); and a fake Louis Vuitton Danier canvas wallet (normal price £260)\nwas bought for a mere £69.98.\n\nOf course, for every fake available there is a gullible, willing buyer,\nthinking they are picking up a bargain when, in fact, they are being totally\nconned.\n\nIn fact, eBay says it is doing all it can to fight the counterfeiters and\nurges victims to report suspected phoney goods through the \"report this item\"\nbutton found at the bottom of every item listing.\n\nA spokesperson said: \"Counterfeits are a global issue and not just an internet\nchallenge.\n\n\"We work with rights owners and proactively remove counterfeits from the site\nwhen we find them.\n\n\"Ebay removes thousands of items from the site every week, although in the\nvast majority of cases this can only be done with help of [copy]rights owners,\nas only they have the expertise to identify relevant counterfeited items.\"\n\nRuth Orchard, director-general of the Anti-Counterfeiting Group, which\nrepresents 200 organisations and is trying to stop the counterfeiting of\nbranded products, says: \"Counterfeiting has risen by more than 10,000 per cent\nin the past two decades globally, while in the UK the market is worth at least\n£14 billion a year.\n\n\"We strongly advise people not to buy any luxury goods on eBay.\"\n\nRuth adds: \"Apart from losing hard-earned money buying worthless items, there\nare serious safety issues with fake products for sale such as perfume and\nother healthcare goods.\n\n\"Also, the people selling these products are criminals - and you are handing\nover your personal details, like your address, to them. How safe is that?\"\n\nMarkets, car boot sales and certain foreign holiday destinations are notorious\nfor providing cheap replicas of luxury brands - which often fall apart before\nthey've even got home - but now cyberspace is providing an increasingly\nlucrative place for fraudsters selling high-end phoney goods.\n\nIts most famous auction website, eBay, is a prime target for such conmen.\n\nA quick glance online shows tens of thousands of items claiming to be \"genuine\ndesigner\" items of clothing, jewellery, watches and handbags.\n\nIt's almost impossible to tell whether something is real or fake.\n\nNormally if you were trying to decide if something was real, you could pick it\nup and really examine it to make sure.\n\nBut on eBay, buyers are entirely reliant on photographs, which are often of\npoor quality and can even be of the real item, whereas what is sent to you\nwill be a fake.\n\nWe soon discovered that if the picture is genuine, there are some giveaways to\nlook out for - particularly if you are able to compare it to its real\ncounterparts on the brand's official website.\n\nThis was obvious, for example, with classic designs such as the \"Please Return\nto Tiffany & Co's New York 295\" key fob, because some of those we saw on eBay\nhad lettering which was inconsistent with the original.\n\nOn the whole, counterfeits are shoddily made.\n\nWallets and bags tend to be sewn unevenly, so it's worth studying the\nstitching, lining, fastenings and logos on goods either on the screen or when\nthey arrive, if you do buy one.\n\nOne \"Louis Vuitton\" wallet had poor stitching, which gave it away, and the\nbrand's authentification stamp was on a different side of the wallet than the\noriginal - another common mistake by counterfeiters.\n\nThere are myriad tricks eBay sellers use to try to fool unsuspecting buyers.\n\nOne tactic is to photograph an item with the brand's logo on display in the\nbackground.\n\nWe bought a Gucci necklace and earrings separately but from the same seller,\nwho posted photographs of the pieces perched on a plump chestnut cushion\nsurrounded by a Gucci-labelled carrier bag and a delicately placed Gucci\nribbon.\n\nAll this paraphernalia created an illusion of authenticity about the products,\nbut crucially there were no close-up photographs of the jewellery and no\nhallmark detail could be garnered from the distant shot on screen.\n\nWithin seconds of being handed the goods after they arrived in the post, a\nGucci store sales assistant confirmed they were all fake.\n\nWe discovered it is also relatively common to come across an item on eBay that\ncarries a brand's name but is not a copy of a known design.\n\nWe bought a fake Chanel necklace which was pictured on a shiny black box with\nthe brand's trademark overlapping Cs.\n\nIn reality, the necklace was of shockingly poor quality - the gold had rubbed\naway on the chain, leaving an unsightly green tinge, and the words \"Chanel, 31\nRue Cambon, Paris\" were printed, rather than engraved on the charm.\n\nChanel later confirmed that neither the design nor anything similar existed.\nThe same occurred with a Versace \"Signature\" shoulder bag, bought from a\nseller who insisted that her products were genuine.\n\nAn expert informed us that Versace has never produced such a bag and that the\n\"Signature\" line was completely fictitious.\n\nAnother tell-tale sign can be if someone is selling multiple numbers of the\nsame item cheaply.\n\nOne eBayer called Susan270157 was selling Prada socks in bulk, with six pairs\nin a pack, for £18.97.\n\nScroll down for more ...\n\nWe bought some and took them to an expert at Prada who described them as\n\"completely counterfeit\".\n\nOnce again, the socks were not of a known design and the fashion label had not\nproduced anything similar.\n\nWhen we confronted the seller by e-mail, they offered us a refund on return of\nthe goods, but claimed that the socks were \"overstock\" that she had bought\nfrom an unnamed store in Manchester.\n\nShe has since stopped selling the socks on eBay and told us that she is\nlooking into the matter.\n\nThe way most eBay buyers decide whether a seller is trustworthy or not is by\nthe \"feedback\" system.\n\nEvery time an item is purchased online, the buyer can leave a message marking\nthe experience as \"positive\", \"neutral\" or \"negative\".\n\nIt is recorded and can be seen by all potential buyers the next time the\nseller uses the website.\n\nBut it is by no means foolproof.\n\nIf someone gets too many negative comments, they can simply set up another\naccount under a different name and begin again.\n\nFeedback can be written by friends and there is even special software\navailable that bumps up the number of positive responses someone has.\n\nThis might explain the frequent appearance of \"Perfect\" on the feedback\nsection of those suspected of selling fake goods.\n\nStill, it's worth reading feedback, because some sellers are openly accused of\npeddling fakes on it.\n\nOne user, Robsbear4me, had been accused three times in the past three months.\n\nHe offered a full refund upon return of the cufflinks we bought and even\nadmitted that they were counterfeit.\n\nHe told us: \"Everything that you buy on eBay is fake. Even Victoria Beckham\nwears fakes.\"\n\nOne eBayer, with the moniker \"great-goodiez\", seemed genuinely shocked to\ndiscover that the Versace belt he sold us was counterfeit, and immediately\nissued a full refund.\n\nHe even told us to keep the belt as a token of his apology.\n\nBut only one other eBayer refunded us when we told them the goods were fake;\nfour out of the 22 refused to repay us and one seller did not respond. The\nrest promised a refund upon return of the goods.\n\nThe majority of sellers claimed that they had bought the items in question\nfrom other eBayers, either as a one-off or as a job lot.\n\n\"Seanworldofgarms\" politely offered us a refund, but became secretive when\nasked where he obtained the Louis Vuitton wallet.\n\nHe said: \"I'm not discussing who I buy things from. There is already too much\ncompetition.\"\n\n\"Ru-lai99\" claimed that the Alexander McQueen scarves she sold came from the\nAlexander McQueen factory, but had been rejected due to imperfections.\n\n\"Holly_valentine\" would not disclose where she bought the phoney Versace bag\nshe sold us, and flatly refused to issue a refund. She maintains that the\nproduct is real, despite confirmation from Versace that it is not, and is\nstill selling a number of them on eBay.\n\nBut in most cases, sellers did not dispute our claim to being sold a\ncounterfeit, although most were vague when asked for details of where the item\ncame from.\n\nDespite eBay insisting it is doing all it can, there is still a strong sense\nthat it is not doing enough to protect its users.\n\nTiffany is suing the company through the U.S. courts to try to stem the tide\nof counterfeiters.\n\nThe jeweller said: \"We look forward to the trial, and to presenting our case\nfor consideration by the court.\n\n\"We hope to stop counterfeit Tiffany products from being offered for sale on\neBay.\n\n\"Meanwhile, customers should be wary of buying silver jewellery marked Tiffany\nfrom anyone but Tiffany. Such goods are highly likely to be counterfeit.\"\n\nFakes expert Ruth Orchard points out that while each transaction may seem\nrelatively minor, when thousands are put together they constitute a booming\nand damaging industry.\n\n\"Apart from the very important point about harm to the consumer, it is also\ncrucial to understand the impact on the national economy because fakers don't\npay any taxes or VAT.\n\n\"People should also be aware that, at present, there is no straightforward way\nto hold eBay liable for fakes sold in auctions on its site.\"\n\nClothes manufacturer Juicy Couture says it has also approached eBay about the\nproblem in the past - to no avail - but it has yet to take legal action.\n\nA spokesperson added: \"The price is normally an indication of whether or not\nthe garments are legitimate.\n\n\"If something appears on a website with a much lower recommended retail price\nthan our retailers, that's normally a sign that it's fake.\"\n\nOf course, there is only one way to make sure something you buy is genuine -\nbuy it from the company's store itself.\n\nAfter all, in the world of eBay bargains, if something seems too good to be\ntrue, that's because it probably is.\n\nAdditional reporting: Mishaal Khan and Peter Knight\n\n### Share or comment on this article:\n\n## Most watched News videos\n\n * Covid patient in hospital for a year helped to walk around\n * Biden stumbles over his warning to Russia in Congressional speech\n * Man allegedly wielding axe arrested by armed police in Swiss Cottage\n * Dame Judi Dench eat 100 Maltesers for Captain Tom charity challenge\n * Party time again for thousands of youngsters at a club in Liverpool\n * Meron: Emergency services share update after evacuation\n * The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge release a family video\n * Aftermath of tragic incident during Israeli religious festival\n * 3000 people return to the dance-floor at pilot nightclub event\n * Shocking moment sons take dead mother to crematorium on motorbike\n * Chilling moment Torrance home is overrun by migrating birds\n * 'People fell to the ground': Witness describes Israel crush\n\n### Comments 0\n\nShare what you think\n\nNo comments have so far been submitted. 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Kerry Katona reveals she's having her breasts reduced because her bust has become 'bigger than her head' - just two years after her third boob job\n * Ashley Cain's grieving girlfriend Safiyya Vorajee voices her agony over daughter Azaylia's death... one week on from her tragic passing\n * Female stars on Noel Clarke's Bulletproof say sex harassment claims are 'UK film industry's best kept secret' as they support 20 women who accused actor of groping and bullying\n * 'I cry at the end of every day': Billie Piper details the emotional strain and 'unachievable' quest to balance motherhood and working life\n * Dani Dyer cradles her son Santiago as she catches the train home following a day out in London - after vowing to 'stand by' beau Sammy Kimmence amid his fraud guilty plea\n * Advertisement\n\n * Grubs up! Why insects could help us save the planet Ad Feature\n * 'I'd work hard if the whole country paid for me!' Stacey Solomon is slammed by fans for saying she 'doesn't get the obsession' with The Royal Family after 2018 clip goes viral\n * Damien Hirst 55, is bowled over by his 27-year-old ex-Ballerina lover Sophie Cannell as they dine out in London\n * 'He told me to write things down': Kate Garraway reveals how pal Piers Morgan helped with her new memoir at the start of husband Derek Draper's COVID battle\n * Advertisement\n\n * Emma Thompson, 62, displays her long silver hair during a low-key stroll after letting her signature pixie cut grow out in lockdown\n * Police say they have received a 'report of a sex offence' hours after Noel Clarke denied 'any sexual misconduct or wrongdoing' after being accused of bullying and groping by 20 women\n * Katy Perry displays her svelte post-baby physique as she heads out for a bike ride with fiancé Orlando Bloom and their daughter Daisy in Santa Barbara\n * Vanessa Bryant honors late daughter Gigi to mark what would have been her 15th birthday: 'I wish you were here with us'\n * Bebe Rexha sends temperatures soaring as she highlights her incredible curves in sizzling snakeskin dress for night on the town\n * Iris Law, 20, bundles up in an oversized jacket as she joins her mum Sadie Frost, 55, for a dog walk - after launching her own cooking channel\n * 'I had two glasses of wine and I can feel it today!' Gemma Collins battles through her hangover for a gruelling workout as she displays her incredible three stone weight loss\n * Helen Mirren, 75, joins forces with Italian comic for a hilarious sketch to promote the Covid vaccine as he falls madly in love with her after learning she's had the jab\n * Phoebe Dynevor makes her full transformation into ceramic artist Clarice Cliff as she leads an on-set painting session while filming biopic The Colour Room\n * Noel Clarke was accused of ruining Kidulthood co-star Adam Deacon's career after he was found guilty of harassment in row over film copyright\n * Advertisement\n\n * 'None of us knew what she was battling': Helen McCrory's friends learned of her brave cancer battle just days before her tragic death\n * Jennifer Lopez and Ben Affleck spark reunion rumours as it's revealed they have been 'hanging out'... weeks after her split from Alex Rodriguez\n * Leggy Mollie King mixes punk with business as she dons tough boots and denim cut-offs with a blazer while arriving for work at Radio 1\n * Kylie Jenner's 'twin' BFF Stassie Karanikolaou reveals her natural complexion by going makeup free as she heads home following a workout\n * Britney Spears' dad Jamie 'claimed pop star had DEMENTIA in bombshell documents' according to new BBC documentary\n * Willow Smith is seen for the first time since revealing she's polyamorous as she heads out for dinner with her boyfriend Tyler Cole, her brother Jaden and his female pal\n * Bridgerton series 2 filming FIRST LOOK: Newcomer Simone Ashley transforms into Regency society siren Kate Sharma\n * Shadow and Bone cast scream in terror and are left in tears of laughter after Netflix prank them by turning London into The Fold in reunion clip\n * Shaming of a Bafta icon: A starlet told to audition nude, claims of bullying and groping by a host of co-stars - so why was Noel Clarke given a major award?\n * 10 top tips for gorgeous skin, better health and a happier you! Ad Feature\n * Kelly Osbourne shows her charitable side as she hands money to a homeless man during shopping spree\n * Kylie Jenner wraps up in slinky black leather overcoat as she heads out on the town with curvy BFF Stassie Karanikolaou in Los Angeles\n * JAY-Z reveals whether he wants his three children with wife Beyoncé to follow their megastar parents into the music business - after daughter Blue Ivy, nine, won a Grammy\n * Kate Lawler shares sweet snap of her daughter Noa to mark three months since her arrival... before hilariously admitting she FORGOT the date of her newborn's birth\n * So who the H-eck is it? The Mail's own dogged detective sifts the final clues to finger who's the master villain in our line-up, writes JAN MOIR\n * Meghan Markle 'may have been wrong to suggest Archie should have been given the title of Prince', admits Omid Scobie - but he still insists 'there is more to this story'\n * New haul of Diana revelations return to haunt Charles as Netflix documentary makers plan film based on unheard audio recordings\n * Jodie Turner-Smith reveals she was in her second trimester of pregnancy while training for film Without Remorse alongside Michael B. Jordan and Jamie Bell\n * Kourtney Kardashian shows her music tastes by modeling The Cure shirt... days after quoting the band under sizzling PDA snap with beau Travis Barker\n * Lori Harvey looks sleek in black pinstripes as she grabs lunch... after going on a date at the shooting range with her boyfriend Michael B. Jordan\n * Emma Roberts and her boyfriend Garrett Hedlund enjoy some quality time together with a stroll through Pasadena with baby Rhodes\n * Nicole Kidman transforms into 1950s sitcom icon Lucille Ball while Javier Bardem becomes her husband Desi Arnaz to film Being The Ricardos\n * Lily Allen flaunts her toned midriff in a black crop top and leggings following intense boxing session in NYC (and she's still wearing her gloves!)\n * Miley Cyrus goes braless in a pink tee while hiking in LA... as Twitter explodes over banter with Elon Musk ahead of their SNL episode\n * 'You're doing your family proud': Michelle Heaton's husband breaks silence after she checks into rehab and tells her 'it takes strength to speak up'\n * Mike Tindall is 'an asset to the royal family' because 'he's a connection to normal people' and the 'embodiment of country life' expert claims\n * 'SNL' cast 'won't be forced to appear with host Elon Musk' after some of the wealthy comics 'complained about growth of billionaire's fortune during COVID'\n * Jennifer Garner opts for laid-back sportswear and chic sunglasses as she steps out for a solo stroll in LA\n * Rachael Leigh Cook's ex-husband Daniel Gillies gets cozy with new ladylove Julia Misaki during day on the beach\n * Elsa Hosk shows off incredible post-baby body as she strikes a pose in skimpy pink and blue floral bikini... 10 weeks after giving birth to daughter Tuulikki\n * Nick Carter hints at newborn daughter's name... after updating she's 'safe and sound' following 'minor complications' in the hospital\n * Noel Clarke says 'sorry': Actor says allegations from 20 women have 'made it clear to me my actions have affected people in ways I did not realise'\n * Tom Hanks puts his arm around wife of 33 years Rita Wilson as the loving pair are seen on an athletic outing in Los Angeles ahead of the weekend\n * Maura Higgins flaunts abs in a dark green co-ords... after admitting obsession with exercise meant she didn't have a period in four months\n * Shoppers are snapping up this Remington hair straightener - that reviewers say is a perfect dupe for ghds - for just £30 on Amazon today\n * Line Of Duty star predicts the series six finale will 'break hearts' as he praises show makers for producing one of the most 'iconic' dramas in years\n * FIRST LOOK: Megan Fox and Bruce Willis appear in first stills for thriller Midnight In The Switchgrass... which costars her beau Machine Gun Kelly\n * Moment Josh Duggar is booked into jail after his arrest on child porn charges: Star pleads not guilty to 'knowingly receiving images of a minor under 12', as he faces 20 years in jail\n * New parents Kit Harington and Rose Leslie put on a loved-up display on a shopping trip in New York City two months after arrival of their baby son\n * EastEnders 'hit with over 100 complaints' over Kush Kazemi's tube station murder that has been branded 'horrific' by 'distressed' fans\n * Scarlett Moffatt left 'dumbfounded' as vicious trolls tell her to 'kill herself' after she shares post promoting toothpaste\n * The Wire actor Chris Clanton SHOT in the ear in Baltimore... but has now been discharged from hospital\n * Real Housewives of Atlanta's Marlo Hampton shares the REAL reason for feud with 'liar' Porsha Williams - and why she deserves to be upgraded to a full time cast member on the series\n * Prince William and Kate Middleton join UK-wide social media boycott over online racism and abuse linked to sport\n * These Monica Vinader pieces have been spotted on the likes of celebs from Bella Hadid to Jessica Alba - here's how to get 15% off Promoted\n * Lady Gaga's dad says he NEVER believed woman, 50, who claimed to have 'found' singer's stolen dogs after court appearance on attempted murder charges\n * 'I'm a sexual creature, I say it to my children': Ulrika Jonsson has discussed her 'sexual awakening' with her kids and 'won't rule out' another marriage\n * Demi Rose puts on a VERY busty display in plunging grey bikini for sizzling new snap... after receiving flowers from an admirer\n * Caprice Bourret joins Lydia Bright on night out as they prove their friendship is still going strong 4 years after appearing on The Jump\n * 'No pain, no gain!' Una Healy shows off her midriff wearing a zip-up sports bra and leggings as she poses with a kettlebell in sizzling new snap\n * Channing Tatum is still trying to wrap up his financial settlement with ex-wife Jenna Dewan nearly TWO YEARS after they divorced\n * Hostage to fortune: Britney Spears' father controls her millions, now a new BBC documentary asks if the pop princess will ever be free\n * Vanessa Lachey tapped to star in NCIS: Hawaii spinoff... which will be the FIRST show in the smash hit franchise with a female lead\n * Line Of Duty's Adrian Dunbar is revealed to be the voice behind classic children's bedtime story Guess How Much I Love You\n * Reese Witherspoon heads to the Brentwood Country Mart with her husband Jim Toth and son Tennessee James ahead of the weekend\n * Kylie Jenner obtains a restraining order against the stalker she had arrested after he was taken in for swimming naked in sister Kendall's pool\n * TOWIE's Yazmin Oukhellou turns up the heat wearing a matching thong bikini set in a sizzling new snap\n * Cardi B rocks two-tone hair and slips her curves into a risqué lime green ensemble for latest Instagram glamour shots\n * Katherine Ryan shares glamorous selfie and snap of husband... after she reveals her TV show The Duchess has been cancelled after one season\n * Sir Elton John, Liz Hurley and Sir Lenny Henry star in NHS advert urging more people to get their Covid jab\n * PICTURED: Khloe Kardashian builds home alongside Kris Jenner's new mega mansion... but will serial cheat Tristan be welcome amid latest scandal?\n * Brian Austin Green's ex Tina Louise confirms her new relationship with Selling Sunset's Brett Oppenheim as they go for a PDA-filled stroll in Venice Beach\n * 'It could be my last': Tom Daley, 26, reveals his upset that son Robbie, 2, won't be able to join him at the Tokyo Olympics as he strips down to briefs for shoot\n * Halle Berry reveals her severe bob at the Oscars was just a wig as she shows off long hair... after fans poked fun at the short hairdo\n * Princess Beatrice and her husband Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi look smitten as they leave private members club Loulou's in Mayfair after dinner out\n * Camila Cabello enjoys life in the slow lane as she gets behind the wheel of a red Honda Fit for driving lesson in Miami\n * Chloe Khan struggles to contain her ample assets in plunging white blazer as she steps out to grab a coffee in London\n * Christine Lampard cuts a stylish figure in a blazer and black jeans as she steps out for a romantic lunch date with husband Frank Lampard\n * Hilary Duff cuts a very casual figure in a crewneck sweater and matching leggings for solo coffee run in Los Angeles\n * Toni Collette set to play murder victim Kathleen Peterson alongside Colin Firth in upcoming limited series The Staircase for HBO Max\n * Is Gemma Collins engaged? Star flashes diamond sparkler beau Rami Hawash proposed with in 2013 as she eats out in Mayfair after reigniting romance\n * Keira Knightley is officially dropping her famous surname to take that of her husband James Righton... eight years after they were married\n * Dame Judi Dench eats 100 Maltesers as part of the Captain Tom Moore 100 challenge - in honour of the number of garden laps he did to raise money\n * George Clooney says he is not 'thrilled' about turning 60 next month but adds 'it's better than being dead!'\n * Amelia Gray Hamlin looks a vision of summer in a tie dye bathing suit set... amid claims her boyfriend Scott Disick has 'distanced himself' from Kourtney Kardashian\n * Gabby Allen and beau Brandon Myers are seen for the first time in public since returning to the UK following their extended stay in Dubai\n * 'He'll be missed but never forgotten' Shirley Ballas puts on brave face as she leaves The One Show after discussing sudden death of her late father\n * Kate Garraway reveals husband Derek Draper had rare brain inflammation triggered by coronavirus that doctors had never seen before\n * 'I was terrified': Skins star Kaya Scodelario reveals she was asked to audition naked for a 'big' director - but admits she feels 'scared' speaking out\n * Holly Willoughby shares sweet snap of her parents to mark their 44th wedding anniversary as she jokes dad looks Friends actor Tom Selleck\n * Kelly Clarkson FINALLY finds buyer for $6.95million Tennessee lake view mansion after FOUR YEARS and SLASHING price by nearly $2MILLION\n * Love Island's Laura Anderson sizzles in sheer purple lingerie as she poses for sultry snaps amid claims she's back with her ex Dane Bowers\n * Now THAT'S unusual... Sir Tom Jones becomes oldest male to have a No.1 album in the UK charts (overtaking Bob Dylan who topped the chart aged 79 last year)\n * Kyle Richards, Ramona Singer and Kenya Moore don swimsuits as they try to outshine each other on Real Housewives All Stars\n * Lisa Rinna goes braless while running errands in LA... as her Real Housewives Of Beverly Hills co-star Kyle Richards parties in the Turks and Caicos\n * Denise Welch reveals she hoped a plane crash would kill her and baby son Matt Healy as she battled severe postnatal depression\n * Seth Rogen shows off a mullet as he enjoys a smoke break on the set of Pam & Tommy in Los Angeles\n * Elizabeth Hurley, 55, flaunts her svelte frame in a tiny leopard print bikini as she frolics on the beach in a tropical throwback snap\n * Princess Diana's racy dress? Well, what a mighty feast to set before a king! The waspish verdict given to royal biographer HUGO VICKERS\n * 'I'm single but I ain't desperate!' Alison Hammond hits back at Jimmy Carr after he makes risqué joke about 'bedding' her and Amanda Holden\n * Pregnant Binky Felstead proudly displays her burgeoning baby bump as she marks five weeks till she gives birth to her second child\n * 'You literally don't breathe until they go to bed': Paloma Faith admits she 'curses all day' before spending 'hours' looking at snaps of her baby daughter in honest parenting post\n * Jessica Alves admits she wants gastric bypass following weight gain after sex reassignment surgery\n * Zara McDermott sets pulses racing as she poses up a storm in turquoise semi-sheer lingerie for racy new snap\n * Kylie Jenner, 23, wishes 'Stormi's daddy' Travis Scott a happy 29th birthday as she shares photos of the rapper with her mini me, three\n * Lottie Moss steps out in skimpy green co-ords and a biker jacket to head to the salon after returning to the UK following LA\n * Green Lantern series lands American Horror Story veteran actor Finn Wittrock in the lead role... after Ryan Reynolds played the part in a 2011 movie\n * Pregnant Pixie Geldof dresses her baby bump in a powder blue jumper as she enjoys an al fresco afternoon tea with pal Jack Guinness\n * Ashley Roberts leaves nothing to the imagination as she poses TOPLESS in raunchy snap as she rings in the Bank Holiday weekend\n * Marilyn Manson is sued by Game of Thrones actress who claims he drugged, tortured and raped her during years of abuse\n * Katie Price heads to the hairdressers for a consultation to get her extensions put back in with fiancé Carl Woods by her side\n * Noel Clarke photographed couple having sex: Star hit by groping and bullying claims shared snap of 'doggy style' pair through window\n * Victoria Beckham shares glimpse of shirtless David showing his physique during workout - as she reveals he takes video calls in just PANTS from the waist down\n * Nicole Kidman wears a red wig as she portrays Lucille Ball on set of the biopic Being The Ricardos with costars Javier Bardem and Alia Shawkat\n * Vivienne Westwood, 80, dons a punk facemask as she has dinner al fresco with husband Andreas Kronthaler, 55, at Scott's in Mayfair\n * Jonathan Ross' daughter Honey, 24, sizzles in a sultry mirror selfie as she dons nothing but an orange kimono\n * Ashley Benson is seen leaving a West Hollywood nightclub with a mystery man... following claims she has reconciled with ex G-Eazy\n * Cameron Diaz, 48, shares a very RARE Insta photo to model a shirt made by friend Stella McCartney... as she has not acted in a film in SEVEN YEARS\n * Jade Thirlwall and her boyfriend Jordan Stephens look more loved up than ever as they step out for a low-key coffee run together in London\n * Meghan Markle tells teenage girls to 'challenge injustice' as she speaks to 'young activists with ambitions of being senators, doctors and presidents'\n * Dustin Johnson's fiancée Paulina Gretzky thanks Vera Wang for making her 'dreams come true' after the designer helps her choose a wedding dress\n * Miles Teller wears a suit as his wife Keleigh looks stunning in a hot pink fascinator as they enjoy mint juleps at the Kentucky Derby\n * Line Of Duty's Polly Walker wraps up warm as she steps out for a stroll with her husband and pet dog ahead of the eagerly anticipated series six finale\n * 'It's kind of crazy': Mama June reflects on blowing $1 MILLION in just one year on her cocaine habit\n * Kourtney Kardashian's friend Addison Rae stuns in a bold red ensemble... days after revealing the release date for her Netflix redo of She's All That\n * Jennifer Aniston looks stylish in black bodysuit and jeans on night out with pals including Will Speck and Molly McNearney\n * Suki Waterhouse highlights her svelte physique in a pastel slip dress as she cuddles her beloved dog Marvin in radiant snaps\n * Britney Spears' choreographer pal Brian Friedman reveals pop star's controversial conservatorship has RUINED his friendship with her\n * People vs Post Office: ITV will produce drama about sub-postmasters scandal that saw 39 innocent people falsely branded criminals due to an IT glitch\n * Keeping Prince Philip's memory alive: Queen is seen inspecting her late husband's carriages and her horses at Windsor Castle\n * Buffy by the beach! Sarah Michelle Gellar sizzles in a swimsuit as she enjoys 'me time' in Mexico to celebrate her 44th birthday with pal Lauren Conrad\n * Kate Moss, 47, opts for a stylish grey pinstriped shirt and jeans as she heads out for lunch with a pal\n * Transgender actor Elliot Page recalls 'total hell' of puberty - and reveals he felt so 'unwell' when he had to wear red carpet dresses\n * 'The pain is unbearable': Ashley Cain's grieving girlfriend Safiyya says she's struggling to get out of bed after losing baby daughter Azaylia\n * Ulrika Jonsson looks radiant as she laughs and chats with footballer pal David Ginola in fun throwback snap\n * 'We're going to have H on the sofa next week': Alison Hammond confirms the fourth person WILL be revealed in Sunday's Line Of Duty finale\n * Eddie Marsan bursts out laughing as he plays conman John Darwin while Monica Dolan hugs their on-screen sons during filming of ITV drama\n * Rita Ora cuddles up for an intimate chat with 'love interest' Taika Waititi at RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under premiere before sneaking out together\n * In with the locals! Sons of Anarchy star Charlie Hunnam smiles for a selfie with a fan in Sydney after arriving Down Under to film new series Shantaram\n * William and Kate's beach video seems 'wistful' compared to 'ambiguous' black and white snap of Meghan Markle and Archie on the sand - but both put children centre stage\n * A youthful Madonna is seen posing playfully for rare pictures taken when she was aged 25 and her star was rising - and fans now have the chance to snap them up\n * Victoria Beckham says she refused to 'give up and wear sweatpants', acted as a 'cheerleader' for her family and struggled to cope with homeschooling as she reflects on lockdown\n * 'I feel broken hearted': Love Island's Jack Fowler bursts into tears as he pays moving tribute to friend, 35, who died in Ibiza diving accident\n * Little Mix transform into bearded men as they star for the first time as a trio in new Confetti music video after Jesy Nelson left band\n * Call The Midwife star Megan Cusack is a member of a legendary acting dynasty spanning 100 YEARS including theatre star Niamh as her aunt and Jeremy Irons for uncle\n * 'We love and miss you': The Beckhams send Brooklyn's fiancée Nicola Peltz a giant bouquet of flowers as she's struck down with mystery illness\n * Trisha Yearwood, 56, has not regained her sense of taste or smell after being diagnosed with COVID-19 in February\n * Lady Gaga looks sombre as she continues work on House Of Gucci... after five people were charged over the violent kidnapping of her dogs\n * Gordon Ramsay and his wife Tana appear to be in good spirits as they enjoy a family dinner at one of his restaurants with their children\n * Noel Clarke accused of 'exposing himself, filming naked audition, and shoving his tongue in mouth of teen' - as video emerges of star using mic as lewd prop\n * Katie Price's fiancé Carl Woods puts in an offer on an £800K house for the TV star and her kids to live in while her 'mucky mansion' undergoes renovations\n * Bachelor vet Cassie Randolph 'is dating musician Brighton Reinhardt'... after her ex-boyfriend Colton Underwood came out as gay\n * Mike Tindall says 'brave' Queen 'made a stand' by sitting on her own at Prince Philip's funeral and was 'amazing' during the farewell\n * Dance Moms vet Maddie Ziegler looks chic in Daisy Duke shorts and boots... after the new trailer for her next film West Side Story debuts\n * Rebel Wilson flaunts her curves in a wetsuit as she enjoys a 'chill day on set' with Charlotte Gainsbourg after showing off her weight loss in a leotard\n * Danielle Lloyd candidly admits she considered 'taking her own life' when she turned to substance abuse while struggling with anxiety\n * TOWIE's Chloe Sims continues to embrace her new 'natural' look in 70s-inspired outfit as she joins ab-flashing sisters Frankie and Demi for filming\n * Jessie J showcases her enviably toned frame in a white bikini during frolic on the beach... as she thanks beau Max Pham Nguyen for taking sizzling snaps\n * Ashley Roberts looks stylish in a sleek beige co-ord ensemble as she leaves Heart FM... after ex Giovanni Pernice admitted he was lonely after their split\n * 'We couldn't force her to stay': Little Mix reveal they haven't heard Jesy Nelson's new music and it was 'a shift' adjusting to being a trio as they kick off promotions for their new single\n * Rita Ora and Taika Waititi look coy as they sneaking into the premiere of RuPaul's Drag Race Down Under together - as romance rumours heat up\n * Amanda Holden nails biker chic in a trendy leather jacket with a £2,800 Dior saddlebag during another fashionable departure from Heart FM\n * TOWIE's Amber Turner sets pulses racing as she flaunts her toned physique in grey satin lingerie for sizzling snap\n * Love Island's Rebecca Gormley and Biggs Chris look loved up during a walk after sparking pregnancy rumours with a cryptic TikTok\n * 'It's too intimidating!': Line Of Duty's Kelly Macdonald reveals she had to stop 'binge-watching' old series ahead of playing Jo Davidson - and will NOT be tuning into the finale\n * Sky 'halts' work with Noel Clarke and cancels Bulletproof filming over sex claims - as ITV is pressured to axe tonight's Viewpoint after viewers slam decision to air sex scene\n * 'You're an incredible woman': Kate Garraway is visibly moved after being lauded by a soldier for her resilience amid husband Derek's Covid battle\n * Victoria Beckham admits she can't afford to show at Fashion Week this year as she moans big brands don't leave space for designers like herself\n * Entourage creator Doug Ellin accuses HBO of burying the award-winning show on its streaming platform because it isn't woke enough\n * SARAH VINE: Eat your heart out Harry and Meghan, the Cambridges' slick new home movie is a touch of Boden, but utterly charming\n * Zac Efron's friend Kyle Sandilands sets the record straight on rumours he's had plastic surgery... after his 'new face' sent Twitter into a meltdown\n * Royal in red! Queen Letizia of Spain nails springtime chic in wide leg trousers and pretty white T-shirt as she attends Congress on Rare Diseases\n * Gemma Collins plugs her clothing collection's sale in series of stunning snaps... weeks after the company's mounting financial turmoil was revealed\n * Mollie King looks like a Seventies siren in a knitted top and flares... after detailing her 'relaxed' wedding plans with cricketer fiancé Stuart Broad\n * Love Island star Lucie Donlan stuns in an orange bikini on the beach as she signs six-figure deal to become the new face of surf giant O'Neill\n * Tammy Hembrow demonstrates how she achieves her all natural eye-popping derrière in the gym\n * Boy George, 59, ditches his signature androgynous look to go makeup-free for dinner with pal FKA twigs as they let their hair down during low-key outing\n * 'I love you to the moon and back': Katie Price pays emotional tribute to her terminally ill mother Amy... after revealing she 'hasn't got long to live'\n * Coldplay to open BRITs as the band record their performance on the Thames - with ceremony to become the UK's first major indoor music event since Covid-19\n * Footballers' Wives actress Laila Rouass calls Coleen Rooney and Rebekah Vardy 'amateurs' for their lacklustre behaviour in WAG war\n * Married At First Sight's Jessika Power says she would like to next appear in UK reality show Celebs Go Dating - or the now defunct Celebrity Big Brother\n * Kelly Rowland reveals her 'sisters' and Destiny's Child bandmates Beyonce and Michelle Williams watched her give birth via Zoom in January\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### MORE DON'T MISS\n\n * Dana: My darkest hour... She's the Eurovision darling, but here she lays bare the fall-out from the sex abuse claim that blew her family apart\n * Kate Lawler, 40, showcases her incredible post-baby body in a grey sports bra as she hits the gym two months after giving birth\n * Fans unearth footage of sparks flying between Kourtney Kardashian and Travis Barker on old episodes of KUWTK... long before their red hot romance\n * Kim Kardashian bleaches her eyebrows and goes blonde... then instantly RETURNS to brunette assuring fans there was no drastic change made: 'I'm back to dark already'\n * Love Island's India Reynolds sets pulses racing as she showcases her incredible figure in sexy swimwear from her new Pour Moi collection\n * Jordyn Woods highlights her curves in striking graphic print trousers as she heads for dinner with Jaden Smith and her sister Jodie in Malibu\n * Dua Lipa works up a sweat as she does back extension exercises in a black sports bra and gym leggings\n * Nicola Roberts teams her comfy grey tracksuit with a stylish gingham coat as she heads out to grab a healthy green juice\n * SAS: Rogue Heroes FIRST LOOK: Jack O'Connell crash lands in parachute stunt as Connor Swindells is covered in blood while they film action scenes in Gloucestershire\n * Michael Caine, 88, cannot stop beaming as he leaves a London date night with wife Shakira, 74... after marking 48th wedding anniversary\n * Morgan Wallen not welcome at Billboard Awards ceremony 'in any capacity' after being caught using N-word, despite being nominated five times\n * Cardi B catches the eye in a patterned trouser suit as she links arms with rapper husband Offset during romantic dinner date\n * Michael Douglas' stepmother Anne dead at 102: Actor leads the tributes to widow of his late father Kirk as he declares 'she will always be in our hearts'\n * 'I'm not going on a runway looking like a Rastafarian': Naomi Campbell refused to wear 'stereotypical' clothes but regrets not 'speaking out more' on racism in fashion\n * Katie Piper looks gorgeous in a figure-hugging gold midi dress one month after 'successful' skin graft over eyelid\n * Kaia Gerber highlights her glowing tan in a bright white romper as she stocks up on groceries at Erewhon in LA\n * Jessica Alves commands attention in a figure-hugging Pharaoh print dress for dinner... after admitting she's gained 66lbs since having sex reassignment surgery\n * FA president Prince William, Marcus Rashford, Gary Lineker and Lewis Hamilton all join sport's four-day boycott to tackle racism and other online abuse\n * Jessica Simpson poses on horseback while plugging Amazon virtual essay reflecting on how she overcame her 'lifelong fear of horses'\n * 'Sometimes it's best to leave it': Line Of Duty star Martin Compston reveals this year's show could be the LAST\n * 'I have tested positive': Peter Andre and Katie Price's son Junior, 15, reveals he has been diagnosed with COVID-19... four months after his dad contracted it\n * Why Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson picked Australia to film his new autobiographical sitcom - which turned the city Brisbane into the actor's childhood hometown\n * Rebel Wilson flaunts her slim physique in skin-tight trousers as she rides a bike while filming new movie in Merseyside- after 4.5st weight loss\n * Viewpoint viewers switch off in their droves in light of Noel Clarke sexual harassment allegations as ITV is slammed for airing show amid claims\n * Kylie Jenner's BFF Anastasia 'Stassie' Karanikolaou proudly displays her sizzling bikini body in latest Instagram selfie video\n * Star Wars director J.J. Abrams is hoping for profits as he puts Pacific Palisades mansion up for sale for $22M... after purchasing for $14.47M in 2014\n * Film publicist Anne Douglas - the widow of Kirk Douglas and stepmother of Michael Douglas - dies aged 102 at home in Beverly Hills\n * Jodie Turner-Smith slips into slinky red dress for virtual premiere of new action-thriller film Without Remorse\n * Miley Cyrus leaves West Hollywood hair salon wearing pink mask and white tank top after dropping video for her The Kid Laroi remix Without You\n * Michael B. Jordan opens up about his late friend Chadwick Boseman losing the Oscar: 'There's no award that can validate his legacy'\n * Lucy Liu says that despite having 'moved the needle' with her own Hollywood success 'it'll take more to end 200 years of Asian stereotypes'\n * Travis Barker's ex-wife Shanna Moakler posts a salty Instagram comment shading her ex amid Kourtney Kardashian romance: 'My relationship isn't based on social media'\n * Halle Berry responds to jokes about the bold hairstyle she sported at the Oscars A hairy situation!\n * Kim Kardashian goes makeup-free and sings into a HAIR DRYER on set of latest SKIMS PJ Sleep collection photoshoot\n * Miley Cyrus kicks back with a beer and performs in a McDonald's PARKING LOT in music video for Without You with the Kid LAROI\n * 'Kisses on a reigny day': Kourtney Kardashian cuddles up to son Reign, 6, in sweet Instagram snap... amid red hot romance with Travis Barker\n * Madonna's daughter Lourdes Leon gets cheeky as she sticks her tongue out while posing next to an artistic rendering of her iconic mom\n * Shawn Mendes and Camila Cabello look at ease in each other's company as they grab lunch in sunny Miami\n * Real Housewives of New York City star Heather Thomson says she gets 'assaulted this season' ... amid feud with castmate Leah McSweeney\n * 'This vile message broke me yesterday': Bake Off star Laura Adlington admits she's 'heartbroken' as she shares shocking posts left by trolls\n * Rumer Willis picks up dry cleaning in LA while sister Scout stops by a cafe carrying her dog in a sling\n * Hilary Duff runs errands with toddler daughter Banks in LA after landing lead role in How I Met Your Mother\n * 'Baby time': Chris Pratt shares rare photo showing him relaxing with his children Jack, 8, and Lyla, 8 months\n * Alicia Silverstone looks smitten as she grabs lunch with a hunky mystery man at Urth Caffe in West Hollywood\n * Caught in the act! Martha Kalifatidis catches her braless Big Brother star mother Mary stealing plants from her building's community garden\n * BAZ BAMIGBOYE: Olivia Williams set to portray Camilla Parker Bowles opposite Dominic West as Prince of Wales in fifth season of The Crown\n * 'The offer to take part is there!' Strictly bosses 'keen to sign Carrie Symonds to this year's line-up' - which could help pay off £200k flat refurb\n * Netflix's Sweet Tooth reveals a world full of part human, part animal hybrids... as fantasy drama series gets premiere date and first teaser\n * Extending an olive branch? Prince Harry and Meghan Markle 'privately congratulated' Prince William and Kate Middleton on their tenth wedding anniversary\n * Line Of Duty star Martin Compston says someone records his lines so he can listen to them to help him perfect his fake Southern accent\n * Ariel Winter pays no mind to the sweltering LA heat as she drapes her body in all black with a pair of UGG boots during a grocery haul\n * Line Of Duty's Vicky McClure recalls flying on Madonna's private jet after shooting a film before heading back to her office job during her early acting career\n * Jersey Shore's Ronnie Ortiz-Magro was arrested for 'domestic violence' after his girlfriend called the police... even as she claims they're now 'fine'\n * Peekaboo! Super slender Lara Bingle shows off a hint of her cleavage in a very low-cut stylish bustier top as she goes shopping in Sydney\n * April Love Geary shows off her fit physique in workout clothes after staying in shape with a Pilates class\n * Angelica Ross sizzles in sheer gown as Indya Moore is a leggy delight and Janet Mock turns up the glitz factor in gold for Pose season three premiere\n * Jennifer Aniston keeps a low profile after pampering herself with a trip to the skincare salon\n * Selena Gomez signs on to star in new psychological thriller Spiral while also starting up a new mental health initiative\n * SEBASTIAN SHAKESPEARE: Mick Jagger selling L'Wren Scott dress collection to boost a scholarship in her name Set to raise thousands\n * 'I'm massively proud of it': Diversity's Ashley Banjo calls their Black Lives Matter dance routine 'life-changing' as it receives BAFTA nod\n * Kim Kardashian makes the most of her 26inch waist in unusual dress that looks cut up and sewn back together... as Kanye still wears his wedding ring\n * Amy Schumer jokes that her vagina is 'just street trash' after tying the knot to husband Chris Fischer in 2018 Gave a hilarious - and graphic - answer\n * All in the line of nudie: Martin Compston strips off for raunchy sex scene in images from 2009 thriller that would even make ladies man Steve Arnott blush\n * Jordan Barrett is joined by model pals Oliver Green and Naleye Junior for drinks at an upmarket NYC restaurant\n * House Of The Dragon star Emma D'Arcy sports an icy blonde wig and sweeping cloak as she films scenes for Game of Thrones prequel in Cornwall\n * JAN MOIR: Sorry, I don't blame Carrie for wanting a Lytle luxury\n * 'I nearly collapsed... I just went cold': Will Mellor reveals he was left with impaired vision and lived 'in a cloud' after suffering a tragic slew of family deaths\n * Kate Middleton and Prince William's give glimpse into their home life as they climb sand dunes and toast marshmallows with their children in video to mark 10th anniversary\n * Eyal Booker shares a laugh with a pretty blonde in Mayfair as he returns to the UK after spending lockdown with girlfriend Delilah Hamlin in LA\n * Gemma Collins is laden with Louis Vuitton and Selfridges bags following a designer shopping spree before joining a girls dinner in Mayfair\n * Love Island's Molly-Mae Hague looks chic in a white power suit as she enjoys her sister Zoe's birthday celebrations with Maura Higgins in Manchester\n * Stacey Solomon reunites with her pregnant best friend Mrs Hinch with an adorable picnic in the garden of her new £1.2million home\n * BRIAN VINER: Disney's Oscar hit? It's no fairy tale... It won Frances McDormand a well-deserved gong, but Nomadland is a tough one to love\n * BAZ BAMIGBOYE: Now be our guests, say Beauty and her Beast The much-loved musical adaptation will tour the United Kingdom and Ireland\n * Mike Tindall's first official royal engagement! Zara's husband reveals impact of Parkinson's disease on his father during video call\n * 'He does this ALL the time': Holly Willoughby reveals husband Dan Baldwin's amusing wine prank to trick her pals into thinking she has been drinking all day\n * Victoria's Secret model Joy Corrigan tips back a glass of bubbly as she proudly displays her statuesque bikini body during a yacht party off Miami\n * Taking their love to new heights! Delta Goodrem and her very tall long-term boyfriend Matt Copley put on a rare PDA show as they head out for brunch\n * Love Island's Amber Davies turns up the heat in loungewear lingerie with a VERY high-cut thong... after splitting with Nick Kyriacou Toned and trim\n * Lady Gaga's 'dognappers' and woman who 'found' the missing pups are arrested on attempted murder and robbery charges\n * Jason Segel and Alexa Mixter split! The How I Met Your Mother actor, 41, and artist, 30, part ways after eight years as she says 'I will never stop loving you'\n * 'India is bleeding': Priyanka Chopra urges fans to help her home country where COVID-19 death toll tops 200,000... as hubby Nick Jonas joins in plea\n * Tom Cruise 'launches into furious rant on set after being irritated by noisy tree branches on his trailer roof' More disruption on the set of his new film\n * 'Hurry so I can borrow!' Nicola Peltz pines after future mother-in-law Victoria Beckham's Spring-Summer range as she teases new collection\n * Cristiano Ronaldo's girlfriend Georgina Rodriguez displays her cleavage in a scooped bikini top as she poses for Italian beachwear brand\n * Emily Ratajkowski puts her post-baby body on display in leggy black skirt as she grabs juice in NYC... just one month after giving birth Looking good\n * Kris Jenner celebrates 40 MILLION FOLLOWERS on Instagram by throwing it back to her first post nine years ago: 'Hello instagram world!'\n * Danny Cipriani 'set for lavish £116,000 honeymoon' as he liquidates company...after marrying 'best friend' Victoria\n * Rachel Brosnahan causes a stir in Washington Square Park as she dons vintage hair curlers and pajamas while joined by Alex Borstein on set of Marvelous Mrs. Maisel\n * Cheryl dresses down in a padded coat and a baseball cap as she takes her new dog out for a walk in Buckinghamshire during rare sighting\n * 'It's terrifying, the miserable world they're going to create': The Who's Roger Daltrey criticises 'woke generation' and says he lived in the 'golden era'\n * CHRISTOPHER STEVENS: Survivors, saviours and the tears that became a flood of emotion A masterful blend of reportage and emotion\n * 'You are a danger to the health, safety and lives of all humans!' Corrie star Matthew Marsden slammed for encouraging fans not to get tested for Covid\n * The late Steve Irwin meets his baby granddaughter Grace Warrior in viral fan artwork on TikTok Late conservationist is fondly remembered\n * Australian musician Nick Weaver dies aged 37: Guitarist of psychedelic pop band Deep Sea Arcade loses battle with cancer, his family confirms\n * ADRIAN THRILLS: Fleetwood & Co come together to sing the BLUES for GREEN Peter Green was probably anticipating an emotional evening\n * PATRICK MARMION: The Winter's Tale with a little spring in its step! The problem is that this is sometimes categorised as a 'problem' play by fans and critics\n * Trans actor Elliot Page says getting top surgery to remove his breasts has 'changed his life' - and seeing himself with a towel around his waist has brought him joy\n * Alessandra Ambrosio announces she is officially VACCINATED as she embarks on masked errand run in Beverly Hills All done\n * Paul Rudd transforms into silver-haired psychiatrist as he suits up on the set of The Shrink Next Door Was spotted on the Los Angeles set on Thursday\n * Jennifer Lawrence bundles up in a thick black coat and sweatpants for a low-key errand run in New York City Casual appearance\n * Emma Roberts strikes a stylishly casual look as she steps out for some shopping with her mother Kelly Cunningham in Beverly Hills\n * Justin Bieber's comeback tour set to begin in June postponed again and pushed back to 2022 Won't be happening this year\n * Tearful Gwyneth Paltrow reveals how she paid 'homage' to late father at wedding to Brad Falchuk by wearing diamonds he gifted her for Oscar win\n * Kristen Stewart, Viggo Mortensen and Lea Seydoux join director David Cronenberg's Crimes of the Future The actors have found their next project\n * Dexter's Michael C. Hall appears in new teaser trailer for revival series set to hit the air this autumn The new series is coming soon\n * Noah Centineo will NOT play He-Man in upcoming Masters of the Universe movie The Miami native, 24, will not play the lead role of He-Man/Prince Adam\n * Dionne Warwick's biopic runs into trouble after producer Scott Rudin's workplace abuse scandal threatens to derail it Controversy\n * Jon Snow's fans and fellow journalists laud the 'brave' and 'indomitable' broadcaster who will quit Channel 4 News after 32 years\n * Lewis Hamilton to join sport's social media boycott after revealing he has been abused online... before questioning why F1 is not backing protest\n * Giovanna Fletcher puts on a colourful display in orange trousers and a rainbow cardigan ahead of filming Martin & Roman's Weekend Best!\n * Rosie Huntington-Whiteley protects her modesty with a towel as she strikes a pose in her luxurious Los Angeles bathroom Wore nothing else\n * Steve Irwin's 'hot niece' Rebecca Lobie flaunts her best assets in a pink latex dress amid rumours she's starting an OnlyFans account\n * Nicole Scherzinger embraces summer in a floaty floral dress and fedora as she returns to LA after romantic Hawaiian getaway with Thom Evans\n * Julianna Margulies turned down $27 MILLION to stay on ER after flicking through a Buddhist book that told her to 'learn more, not earn more'\n * Khloe Kardashian shares heavily filtered video to tout make-up... but remains silent on latest Tristan Thompson cheating allegations After leaked photo gaffe\n * Pregnant Lauren Goodger proudly shows off her growing bump in a plunging white top as she runs errands in her luxury Mercedes She's expecting\n * T-Pain discovers TWO YEARS worth of Instagram DMs from celebs like Fergie and Diplo hiding in his request folder Impressive\n * Love Island's Molly-Mae Hague and Maura Higgins keep it casual in tracksuits and trainers as they step out on a shopping trip in Manchester\n * Prince William and Kate Middleton know 'how to raise a new generation of emotionally intelligent royals' parenting expert claims\n * 'It's roasting hot in Wales!' Carol Vorderman, 60, sends temperatures soaring as she slips into a VERY busty neon swimsuit to bask in 12C sunshine\n * Gogglebox star Tom Malone Jr shares photos of never-before-seen brother Lee as his older sibling weds pregnant fiancée Sarah Happy news\n * Malin Andersson is accompanied by friends as she steps out for London shopping trip... days after revealing she has suffered a miscarriage\n * Jen Shah looks unrecognizable as she rocks golden locks in RHOSLC snapshots... after being arrested on federal wire fraud charges\n * 'She's got to have some part in it all!' Line Of Duty fans convinced of shock secret link between Steph Corbett and Marcus Thurwell The plot thickens\n * Lunch, actually! Emma Thompson and rom-com co-star Shazad Latif are left in the lurch after failing to secure a table at busy Hampstead pub\n * 'We could be reaching again one day!' S Club 7 star Jo O'Meara says she 'would be up for' a reunion with the band but nothing is 'set in stone'\n * Man accused of shooting Trainspotting T2 actor dead 'objected to identity parade because he was too tanned' Fatally shot\n * Luann de Lesseps says it was 'a rocky start' with Housewife Eboni K. Williams and reveals she has a Christmas song on the horizon\n * Julie Chrisley unveils new figure after losing 20lb while Dorinda Medley models her slim waist after dropping 14lbs in new weight loss campaign\n * They were pictured in a Bohemian idyll. But behind this image of Leonard Cohen and his friends lay a much darker story of drink, drugs and suicide\n * Cambridges' anniversary video 'flies in face of Prince Harry's claim that his brother is trapped' and shows 'uninhibited fun', body language expert claims\n * Royal experts say Cambridges' 'enchanting' Instagram video shows how they will become future King and Queen to 'suit the changing times' ahead\n * John Stapleton reveals he's had a 'difficult year' after 'brave' wife Lynn Faulds Wood's death as he campaigns to raise awareness of early signs of bowel cancer\n * Josh Duggar is arrested with no bond 'over raid on his car dealership' five years after he was accused of sexually assaulting five young girls as a teen\n * Colton Underwood strips off for shirtless selfie as petition grows to axe his new Netflix series because of history of 'harassment' and 'stalking'\n * Scheana Shay talks about her 40 pound pregnancy weight gain and not having Botox for the first time in 10 years: 'Booty, boobs, double waist size'\n * 'I'm more comfortable in this!' Loose Women dig out their wedding dresses (while Nadia Sawalha opts for a bin bag!) as they celebrate Kate and William's wedding anniversary\n * Makeup free Jessica Hart goes braless and wears eye-catching animal print flares she enjoys quality time with fiance James Kirkham after giving birth\n * Kardashian-Jenners do the filter-free look! Kim, Kylie and Kourtney ditch the make-up and showcase their natural beauty in radiant snaps... after THAT unedited Khloe photo\n * Harrison Ford, 78, looks fit while out for a bike ride in Los Angeles... after going viral for his hysterical reaction to a David Blaine card trick\n * EastEnders SPOILER: Billy Mitchell is torn as potential love interest Estelle is accused by his ex-wife Honey of mistreating their daughter Janet\n * 'I could dissect this photo for ages': Ex-EastEnders star Melissa Suffield embraces her 'fat rolls' and post-partum figure as she talks about self love\n * Inside Vicky McClure's home: Line Of Duty star reveals a glimpse into the Nottingham abode she shares with fiancé Jonny Owen with swanky high-tech sofa and spacious garden\n * Elliott Wright arrives at his Marbella restaurant ripped apart by a huge blaze with a demolition team as he begins repairs following 'arson attack'\n * Julianne Hough puts on a sizzling display in a plunging swimsuit as she chats up a kite surfer in Mexico... 7 months after filing for divorce\n * 'There's nothing wrong with my teeth, thank you!' Love Island's Francesca Allen reveals dental clinic offered to close her gap for free when she left the villa\n * Minari actress Youn Yuh-jung, 73, reveals what Brad Pitt, 57, 'promised' her after she won an Oscar but she doesn't 'believe the words of Americans'\n * Kathie Lee Gifford, 67, reveals she is in a 'really special relationship' nearly six years after husband Frank's death - but keeps him under wraps\n * Line Of Duty's James Nesbitt 'tops the show's rich list (despite starring in one scene) with £11m - while veterans Vicky McClure and Adrian Dunbar boast £200k'\n * Billie Eilish has VERY close encounter with anaconda in Your Power music video she directed: 'This is one of my favorite songs I've ever written'\n * Bella and Gigi Hadid look VERY different in RHWBH episodes filmed when they were teens - as seasons three and four starring the model sisters debut on Netflix\n * Amy Schumer is a doting mother as she gets a visit from her son Gene, one, between takes from filming Life & Beth in New York City Quality time\n * Cambridges' designer country casuals and budget buys! Kate Middleton dons £299 Dubarry jacket while Prince George wears £12 Regatta fleece\n * Christine Lampard nails casual chic in a camouflage print jacket as she shops with newborn son Freddie while husband Frank steps out for a meeting\n * Love Island's Demi Jones shows gruesome aftermath of her thyroid surgery as she reveals 'potentially cancerous' lump was the size of a GOLF BALL\n * Issa Rae beams while shooting beach scene for Insecure... as COVID-safe production keeps actors at a distance between takes with plastic pods\n * Chloe Ferry, 25, shares sizzling bikini snaps with lookalike mother Liz, 58, as she treats her newly engaged parent to a spa day Pampering session\n * Katherine Ryan urges the Kardashians to 'be honest' over their 'plastic surgeries' and claims the stars use 'vampire facial' doctors as 'smokescreens' for going under the knife\n * 'I'm just so proud of him': Ex-castmate recalls Oscar winner Daniel Kaluuya's 'magnetic' presence on camera during his early career\n * Winnie Harlow puts on a sizzling display in sexy black lace bra and unbuttoned shirt as she enjoys a night out in LA Was spotted leaving an Italian restaurant\n * 'I'm tired and alone': Nadia Essex reveals her son Ezekiel, 13 months, was rushed to hospital with a viral infection\n * 'Girl Power!' Jennifer Lopez is makeup free as she spends time with her female friends... after seeing ex-fiance Alex Rodriguez 'who wants her back'\n * Faye Brookes beams with joy as she meets ex Corrie co-star Victoria Ekanoye's baby son Théodore during alfresco lunch in Manchester\n * Shawn Mendes is a doting dog dad as he cradles his golden retriever puppy Tarzan after taking him to the vet with Camila Cabello in Florida\n * Little Mix's Leigh-Anne Pinnock, Perrie Edwards and Jade Thirlwall sizzle in new shoot... after discussing their 'exciting' transition since Jesy Nelson quit\n * Jana Kramer is turning to therapy as she begins her 'new normal' following Mike Caussin divorce: 'In order to heal you need to grieve' Moving on\n * Gemma Collins puts on a brave face after being left 'heartbroken' by the death of her 'dear friend' and 'little brother' Rhys Alan Smith\n * Jessica Simpson says has 'no idea' how much she weighs as she threw out her scale... while admitting she 'reached 260lbs' during her third pregnancy\n * Vanderpump Rules' Katie Maloney tells husband Tom Schwartz to get his 'sperm checked' as they talk trouble conceiving in Season 9 sneak peek\n * 'This is what Princess Diana would have wanted': Royal fans are left in tears by Prince William and Kate Middleton's intimate video of family time with their three children\n * Helen Flanagan looks effortlessly stylish in jeans and a white vest top as she dotes on baby son Charlie, five weeks, while doing jobs at home\n * The Weeknd leads the 2021 Billboard Music Awards with 16 nominations... following his shocking Grammy snub In the mix\n * Tom Brady wishes Bridget Moynahan, ex girlfriend and mother of his eldest child Jack, a happy 50th birthday: 'We hope you have a great day'\n * Becoming Elizabeth cast don body armour and face masks while riding horseback as they film new drama about the Tudor Queen in Somerset\n * Line Of Duty's Anna Maxwell Martin swaps her character Patricia Carmichael's straight-laced suits for a stylish blazer and white boots ahead of show's finale\n * Kelly Brook looks bright and breezy in a floral blouse and jeans as cheerful star signs on for her latest afternoon shift at Heart FM\n * Angelina Jolie hints Brad Pitt divorce left her 'broken' but new movie Those Who Wish Me Dead 'healed her' as it reminded the star to 'stand back up'\n * Why are you wearing a mask? Kendall Jenner, 25, Naomi Watts, 52, and Ashley Graham, 33, ignore guidelines after CDC ruled citizens CAN lose coverings outside\n * Star Wars actor Ewan McGregor claims Disney+'s Obi-Wan Kenobi series will 'feel so much more real' than the prequel films ever did\n\n * Today's headlines\n * Most Read\n\n * Meghan Markle 'may have been wrong to suggest Archie should have been given the title of Prince', admits...\n * Ad Feature Ashley Graham's new launch is THE self-tan product of 2021! Here's why her self-tanner is taking the world...\n * Mike Tindall is 'an asset to the royal family' because 'he's a connection to normal people' and the...\n * Shepherdess, 28, who racked up 90,000 followers after ditching townie lifestyle for farming reveals she's...\n * Ad Feature Helping to keep you healthy on the High Street: Why for so many minor and common ailments, you should ask...\n * Britain's biggest family is getting bigger! Parents-of-22 Sue and Noel Radford reveal their seventh...\n * Prince Andrew looks relaxed as he leaves Windsor Castle following a horse ride - just a day after Ghislaine...\n * A fast food feast! Taco Bell will be giving away free tacos across its 55 UK stores next week while...\n * How clean is YOUR underwear? Experts reveal why you should replace pants every year and always go commando...\n * Can YOU tell who these little stars grew up to be? As Britain awaits the identity of H in the hotly...\n * Cambridges' anniversary video 'flies in the face of Prince Harry's claim that his brother is trapped' and...\n * Naked gardeners reveal they like to prune in the buff to 'connect with Mother Nature' on This Morning - but...\n * Woman, 34, fears she's 'running out of time' to have children after it took 21 YEARS to diagnose her...\n * Can YOU spot the bee buzzing around the flower bed? Tricky spring-themed brainteaser will put your...\n * New mother whose husband sent a near-naked photo of her right after giving birth to his ex-partner reveals...\n\n * MORE HEADLINES\n\n * Meghan Markle 'may have been wrong to suggest Archie should have been given the title of Prince', admits Omid Scobie - but he still insists 'there is more to this story'\n * BEL MOONEY: Must I let my wicked but frail brother visit me?\n * Transgender actor Elliot Page recalls 'total hell' of puberty - and reveals he felt so 'unwell' when he had to wear red carpet dresses that he 'lost it' and 'collapsed' after Inception premiere\n * Playgrounds that didn't kill your grandparents: Before health and safety kids in the early 20th century got cuts and concussion on spinning concrete barrels, a 14ft gymnasium and a 40-person merry-go-round\n * Mike Tindall is 'an asset to the royal family' because 'he's a connection to normal people' and the 'embodiment of country life' expert claims\n * The apple really DOESN'T fall far from the tree! Parents and their kids reveal their INCREDIBLE similarities in viral TikTok trend that sees moms and dads morphing into their younger selves\n * Can YOU tell who these little stars grew up to be? As Britain awaits the identity of H in the hotly anticipated Line of Duty finale, FEMAIL looks at what the cast looked like before their fame\n * Britain's biggest family is getting bigger! Parents-of-22 Sue and Noel Radford reveal their seventh grandchild is on the way as eldest son Chris, 31, is expecting third baby\n * Shepherdess, 28, who racked up 90,000 followers after ditching townie lifestyle for farming reveals she's trolled by jealous men who say she 'slept her way to the job' and 'reported her to animal welfare'\n * Hostage to fortune: Britney Spears' father controls her millions, now a new BBC documentary asks if the pop princess will ever be free\n * Inside Josh Duggar's controversial past: How 33-year-old Christian who starred on a TLC reality show with his 18 siblings confessed to molesting his own SISTERS, went to Christian rehab for sex addiction - and was accused of sexual assault by a porn star\n * Not set in stone! Tourists create VERY amusing scenes by posing with statues - including stealing a suitcase from an embracing couple and recreating a dance routine\n * MOST READ IN DETAIL\n\n### TODAYS TOP DISCOUNTS\n\n * PrettyLittleThing - Offers on women's clothing\n\nGet inspired by the newest styles and offers\n\n * ASOS - Enjoy discounts from ASOS\n\nClick through for ASOS promo codes this Autumn\n\n * Missguided - Get the latest fashion\n\nSpend less with Missguided's exclusive codes\n\n * Lookfantastic - Discount codes\n\nTreat yourself to offers on make-up and accessories\n\n * Wayfair - Furniture offers\n\nCheck out the latest Wayfair sale to save on furniture\n\nNEW ARTICLESHomeTop\n\nShare\n\n * Back to top\n\n * Home\n * News\n * U.S.\n * Sport\n * TV&Showbiz\n * Australia\n * Femail\n * Health\n * Science\n * Money\n * Video\n * Travel\n * Best Buys\n * Discounts\n\nSitemap Archive Video Archive Topics Index Mobile Apps Screensaver RSS Text-\nbased site Reader Prints Our Papers Top of page Daily Mail Mail on Sunday This\nis Money Metro Jobsite Mail Travel Zoopla.co.uk Prime Location\n\nPublished by Associated Newspapers Ltd\n\nPart of the Daily Mail, The Mail on Sunday & Metro Media Group\n\ndmg media Contact us How to complain Leadership Team Advertise with us\nContributors Terms Do not sell my info Privacy policy & cookies\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.versace.com/us/en-us/customer-care/authenticity.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211105142213/https://www.versace.com/us/en-us/customer-care/authenticity.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Versace Authenticity - Authentication System", "passages": [ "At Versace we take great pride in combining outstanding design with flawless manufacturing. This is how we ensure that our creations meet the top standard you expect from us, a unique quality that is unattainable by counterfeiters.", "To make sure that you can easily verify the authenticity of Versace items we have developed an online authentication system. You may authenticate each item you have purchased through its product label by tapping the NFC tag with your phone. You can find detailed instructions by scanning the QR code printed on each product label with your phone.", "Versace products are sold exclusively in Versace boutiques, on versace.com and through authorized retailers. To report counterfeit Versace products, please contact brandprotection@capriholdings.com . We appreciate your help in our fight against counterfeiting." ] }, "parsed_md": "Versace Authenticity - Authentication System | US Online Store\n\nSkip to content\n\nSign up for exclusive updates\n\nShow Promotion Message Hide Promotion Message\n\nVersace Online store Home Page\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Customer Care\n 3. Authenticity\n\nNeed Assistance? Please contact our Customer Care team on +1-888-721-7219\n\n### Customer Care\n\n### About Us\n\n### Legal\n\n# AUTHENTICITY\n\nAt Versace we take great pride in combining outstanding design with flawless\nmanufacturing. This is how we ensure that our creations meet the top standard\nyou expect from us, a unique quality that is unattainable by counterfeiters.\n\nTo make sure that you can easily verify the authenticity of Versace items we\nhave developed an online authentication system. You may authenticate each item\nyou have purchased through its product label by tapping the NFC tag with your\nphone. You can find detailed instructions by scanning the QR code printed on\neach product label with your phone.\n\nIf the item you have purchased carries a CLG code, please follow this link and\nregister with the service.\n\nVersace products are sold exclusively in Versace boutiques, on versace.com and\nthrough authorized retailers. To report counterfeit Versace products, please\ncontact brandprotection@capriholdings.com . We appreciate your help in our\nfight against counterfeiting.\n\nThank you for choosing Versace.\n\nNeed Assistance? Please contact our Customer Care team on +1-888-721-7219\n\nENTER THE WORLD OF VERSACE\n\nHear about exclusive events, collections and news.\n\n * Instagram\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Youtube\n * Linkedin\n * Wechat\n * Weibo\n\nSTORE LOCATOR\n\n * Find a Boutique\n * Book an Appointment\n * Versace Watches Stores\n\nCUSTOMER CARE\n\n * Exclusive Services\n * Contact Us\n * Help / FAQs\n * Orders & Shipping\n * Returns and Refunds\n * Authenticity\n * Accessibility\n\nABOUT US\n\n * Company Profile\n * Corporate Data\n * Investor Relations\n * Careers\n\nLEGAL\n\n * Legal Notes\n * Terms & Conditions\n * General Conditions of Purchase\n * Code of Business Conduct and Ethics\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n\n© Gianni Versace S.r.l. P.IVA IT04636090963\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.whowhatwear.com:80/how-to-tell-bag-is-fake/slide7", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170329032131/http://www.whowhatwear.com:80/how-to-tell-bag-is-fake/slide7", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Spot a Fake Designer Bag in 30 Seconds Flat", "passages": [ "Every year the U.S. seizes billions of dollars worth of counterfeit goods, and a substantial portion of the haul includes fake designer purses. As you likely know, buying a counterfeit bag is rife with moral issues, from violating intellectual property and contributing to the loss of over 750,000 American jobs, to financially supporting crime syndicates that run human-trafficking rings. As counterfeiters become savvier, it can be easy to be fooled into accidentally buying a knockoff. Accordingly, we figured it was high time to become a bit more knowledgeable about how to spot a fake. Enter: The RealReal’s Senior Director of Authentication, Graham Wetzbarger. Wetzbarger has personally examined thousands of designer purses, and he shares his top tips for identifying counterfeit goods below.", "“The source can tell you a lot about the probability of an item being counterfeit, so it’s important check out their FAQs, about us section, and press pages. And make sure they offer an authenticity guarantee. If the shop or website doesn’t look and feel high-end, chances are it’s not—and chances are neither are the products.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real", "“Don’t buy an item against a stock image. Make sure to request photos of the actual piece with the ability to view it up close and in detail.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real", "“Be very skeptical of bags with loose, translucent plastic covering the handles. This is a sure sign of counterfeit.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real", "“You’re not buying K-Swiss sneakers—luxury bags won’t come with a shield- shaped leather swatch hang tag.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real", "“Most leather goods will have a wax casing hand applied to cover the raw edges of the piece. A sloppy and uneven paint job is a sign of inferior quality.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real", "“Price compare the item against other sources. If the one you’re considering buying is priced considerably lower than similar items on other sites, that is a red flag.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real", "“Test the zipper. A designer quality zipper will pull smoothly with equal tension throughout.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real", "“Feel the lining. Crunchy, papery synthetics or pock-marked suede are huge red flags.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real", "“Does it smell like a shower curtain liner? This is a telltale sign of synthetic materials, excessive use of glue, or heavily chemically treated materials.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real", "Sign up for our newsletter and receive exclusive stories, breaking news, sale alerts and much more straight to your inbox!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Spot a Fake Designer Bag in 30 Seconds Flat | WhoWhatWear\n\n * Shop\n * Celebrities\n * Street Style\n * Trends\n\n * Subscribe\n\n * Shop\n * Trends\n * Street Style\n * Celebrities\n * Outfit Ideas\n * Fashion News\n * Shopping Picks\n * How To\n * Runway\n * Videos\n\n### Our Sister Sites:\n\n### Want More?\n\nSign up for our style updates.\n\n### Follow Us\n\nAbout Contact Rss Archive Privacy Terms Affiliate Disclosure\n\n© 2017 CMG Clique Media Group Inc.\n\n### ARE YOU AN\n\n## INSIDER\n\nJoin our exclusive email list for your front-row pass to all things fashion!\n\nFebruary 5, 2015\n\nHow To\n\n# How to Spot a Fake Designer Bag in 30 Seconds Flat\n\nby Kat Collings\n\nEvery year the U.S. seizes billions of dollars worth of counterfeit goods, and\na substantial portion of the haul includes fake designer purses. As you likely\nknow, buying a counterfeit bag is rife with moral issues, from violating\nintellectual property and contributing to the loss of over 750,000 American\njobs, to financially supporting crime syndicates that run human-trafficking\nrings. As counterfeiters become savvier, it can be easy to be fooled into\naccidentally buying a knockoff. Accordingly, we figured it was high time to\nbecome a bit more knowledgeable about how to spot a fake. Enter: The\nRealReal’s Senior Director of Authentication, Graham Wetzbarger. Wetzbarger\nhas personally examined thousands of designer purses, and he shares his top\ntips for identifying counterfeit goods below.\n\nScroll down to safeguard yourself from ever buying a knockoff purse.\n\n### Step 1: Know the Source\n\n1 / 11\n\nPHOTO:\n\nAdam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n“The source can tell you a lot about the probability of an item being\ncounterfeit, so it’s important check out their FAQs, about us section, and\npress pages. And make sure they offer an authenticity guarantee. If the shop\nor website doesn’t look and feel high-end, chances are it’s not—and chances\nare neither are the products.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of\nAuthentication at The Real Real\n\n### Step 2: Check the Images\n\n2 / 11\n\nPHOTO:\n\nAdam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n“Don’t buy an item against a stock image. Make sure to request photos of the\nactual piece with the ability to view it up close and in detail.” –Graham\nWetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real\n\n### Step 3: Check for Plastic\n\n3 / 11\n\nPHOTO:\n\nAdam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n“Be very skeptical of bags with loose, translucent plastic covering the\nhandles. This is a sure sign of counterfeit.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior\nDirector of Authentication at The Real Real\n\n## Related\n\nHow To\n\n7 Tricks to Ensure Your Handbags Will Last for Years\n\n### Step 4: Beware of Hangtags\n\n4 / 11\n\nPHOTO:\n\nAdam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n“You’re not buying K-Swiss sneakers—luxury bags won’t come with a shield-\nshaped leather swatch hang tag.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of\nAuthentication at The Real Real\n\n### Step 5: Examine the Trim\n\n5 / 11\n\nPHOTO:\n\nAdam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n“Most leather goods will have a wax casing hand applied to cover the raw edges\nof the piece. A sloppy and uneven paint job is a sign of inferior quality.”\n–Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real\n\n### Step 6: Compare the Price\n\n6 / 11\n\nPHOTO:\n\nAdam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n“Price compare the item against other sources. If the one you’re considering\nbuying is priced considerably lower than similar items on other sites, that is\na red flag.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real\nReal\n\n### Shopping for a designer bag online? Pin this list for future reference:\n\n7 / 11\n\nPHOTO:\n\nAdam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n## Related\n\nFashion News\n\nSarah Jessica Parker Designed a Bag for Fendi\n\n### Step 1: Check the Zipper\n\n8 / 11\n\nPHOTO: Adam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n“Test the zipper. A designer quality zipper will pull smoothly with equal\ntension throughout.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at\nThe Real Real\n\n## Related\n\nStreet Style\n\nParis Street Style: See the Bag Everyone is Carrying\n\n### Step 2: Check the Lining\n\n9 / 11\n\nPHOTO: Adam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n“Feel the lining. Crunchy, papery synthetics or pock-marked suede are huge red\nflags.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real Real\n\n### Step 3: Smell the Bag\n\n10 / 11\n\nPHOTO: Adam Katz Sinding of Le 21Eme\n\n“Does it smell like a shower curtain liner? This is a telltale sign of\nsynthetic materials, excessive use of glue, or heavily chemically treated\nmaterials.” –Graham Wetzbarger, Senior Director of Authentication at The Real\nReal\n\n### Shopping for a bag in person? Pin this list for future reference:\n\n11 / 11\n\nDo you think buying a fake designer bag is wrong? Let us know your thoughts on\nthe topic below!\n\nExplore: fake bags, bag authenticity, Bag, Purse\n\n * Shop WhoWhatWear\n\n#### Add a Comment\n\nMore Stories\n\n1\n\n## Want More?\n\nSign up for our newsletter and receive exclusive stories, breaking news, sale\nalerts and much more straight to your inbox!\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://stylecaster.com/fake-designer-bags/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518100953/https://stylecaster.com/fake-designer-bags/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Spot a Fake Designer Bag", "passages": [ "A designer handbag has a special type of power. Not only can it instantly update every piece in your closet, but it can give you an undeniable spring in your step. The only caveat? They’re expensive, and only getting more so—Chanel, for example, is on average rising prices of bags 20 percent a year. This pesky fact makes it increasingly alluring to look for bargains, although certain deals on handbags are just too good to be true.", "As the market for designer bags has grown, so has the market for knockoffs. In 2012, the U.S. seized counterfeit goods worth around $1.26 billion, and there was no shortage of fake designer handbags in that haul. A huge problem for brands and consumers alike? Counterfeiters are getting increasingly savvy, and telling the difference between a fake and the real deal isn’t always easy.", "Here, some tips to keep in mind when handbag shopping, particularly in the secondhand market, to make sure that what you buy is the real deal.", "If you’re not planning on buying a bag from a particular designer’s store or a reputable department store, then you’re going to want to make sure you do a ton of research. Get as familiar with the bag that you’re interested in as possible. A great way to do this is to head to the designer’s store and scope out the real bag in person. Get familiar with how the leather of the bag is supposed to feel, what the hardware looks like, and where the logos are actually supposed to placed. It’s all in the details.", "If a bag normally retails for $2,500 and is being offered to you for $150, you’re probably being taken for a ride. Keep in mind that if you’re looking for a a majorly discounted handbag, you’re likely going to have to buy something that’s secondhand, with a lot of wear and tear.", "Pay extra attention to zippers, clasps, and closures, which are often the most telling factors when it comes to discerning whether a bag is counterfeit. Hardware on designer bags should all have the same color and finish (an exception being Chloé, which creates bags that use mixed hardware). Zippers should also open and close smoothly.", "The seams of a designer bag are rarely glued. Another giveaway can be the stitching. If the stitching seems to be sloppy, uneven, or slanted, you’re probably looking at a fake bag. This one’s a given, but the stitching on a new bag should never be frayed!", "Leather items should smell like leather, so if you smell glue, rubber, or chemicals, you likely have a fake on your hands. Remember, if it claims to be made from leather then it should have a soft but dry feel to it—fake leather will feel sticky and oily. Be sure to study the handles of a bag. If the bag has leather straps or handles then after a few weeks of wear the color from the leather should have discolored slightly—fake leather handles will remain shiny and unchanged", "Most manufacturers have their own outlets for stock that didn’t sell. Come across an outlet store online, not run by the manufacturer, where you can buy multiples of the same designer bag? The bags for sale are probably counterfeit.", "There are some telling signs as to whether a Chanel handbag is fake or real. Make sure it has interlocking C’s—many knockoffs have interlocking O’s which are snipped after production to look similar to a C. The quilting should be symmetric. Also of note, Chanel does not attach any tags or wrapping to its bags, so if a bag comes with a tag attached, it’s safe to assume it’s a knockoff.", "Newer Chanel bags will come in a black dust bag with ‘Chanel’ written in black, while vintage Chanel bags will come in a white felt bag with a black logo. The bag should be stamped with CHANEL on the inside as well as having ‘Made in France’ directly underneath it or to the side. Keep in mind that Chanel authenticity cards are often copied, so just because a bag comes with one, doesn’t mean the bag is real.", "To determine if a Gucci bag is fake or real start with the pockets. Study the cut of the leather intently, especially around the interior zippered pocket (if it’s a style of bag comes with a pocket). The cut should be exactly the same all the way around the pocket. On the inside tag where it says GUCCI and ‘Made in Italy’ there should also be a style number with a four or six digit serial stamped on the leather.", "There are two types of Gucci dust bags, one made from dark brown satin and with the GG logo printed on the front with the second G being upside down. The second type is a solid light brown color with GUCCI written in gold across the front.", "Similar to Chanel, Gucci authenticity cards are often copied. The Gucci Controllato Card should have GUCCI written in capitals with a dark grey background. Underneath that in a white background should be the word ‘controllato’ and the numbers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0. The back of the card is always left blank.", "Hermès has done a lot to crack down on fakes, and because of that spotting a fake version of one of the company’s iconic bags is surprisingly easy. Hermès bags will never come with paper tags attached to them. The Birkin and Kelly styles come complete with an engraved lock and key set, and the lock will have the word Hermès written on the bottom and there will be a matching number that’s placed on the lock and the key.", "Also, Hermès never uses a metal nameplate on the inside of its bags, a detail that counterfeit bags often feature. Also, keep in mind that there is no such thing as a “Vintage Birkin,” the Birkin has only been around since 1984.", "Louis Vuitton is one of the most copied brands on the planet. To start, always remember that the O’s in Louis Vuitton should have a perfectly round shape— many counterfeits use oval shaped O’s instead. Louis Vuitton is extremely careful about the way that its monogram is placed, and it’s usually completely symmetrical from side to side.", "Some styles such as the Speedy have upside down LVs on the back-side of the bag— the reason being that Louis Vuitton will use one continuous piece of coated canvas that will wrap from the back to the front, which means one side of the bag will have an upside down logo. Not all Louis Vuitton bags are made in France, so if your bag says ‘Made in USA’ don’t automatically assume it’s a fake. Also, be sure to check that the Louis Vuitton bag you’re considering buying actually exists. Sounds obvious, but there are plenty of examples of counterfeit styles and colors of Vuitton bags that the brand never actually created.", "Authentic Goyard bags are made from special resin coated linen and are lined with a cotton and linen blend fabric that leaves the bag feeling extremely light—unlike many of the fakes that are made from cheap cotton and vinyl. Goyard bags come in a plain dust bag placed within a plain, unmarked brown box. There will be no plastic covered handles or leather tags on the handle. Goyard bags are only sold at a small number of retail locations, which is easily accessed on the brand’s website.", "If you’re buying a used Goyard bag, ask for the original receipt or even the place of purchase to match up with the list of retailers on the label’s site.", "The first thing to investigate on a Prada bag when trying to determine if it’s real is the logo plaque on the interior bag. The plaque should match the interior fabric of the bag and newer styles will have plaques that say ‘Prada’ and ‘Made In Italy’ on two lines.", "Another way to determine authenticity? Prada only uses certain brands of zippers—Lampo, Ykk, Riri, Opti, and Ipi. These names will be embossed on the back side of the zipper. Not one of those brands? You aren’t looking at a real Prada bag.", "All the hardware on an authentic Prada bag—zippers, buckles, locks, metal feet, and decorative hardware—will all be engraved with Prada, no exceptions. If any hardware on the bag is blank, you’re getting scammed. Authentic Prada handbags also have a small white tag in the interior with a random number printed on it." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Spot a Fake Designer Bag | StyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\n * Fashion\n * Beauty\n * Lifestyle\n * Entertainment\n * Digital Issues\n * Shopping\n * SCtv\n\n * StyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\n * Fashion\n * Beauty\n * Lifestyle\n * Entertainment\n * Digital Issues\n * Shopping\n * SCtv\n\n * StyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\nShare\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n\n## How to Spot Fake Designer Bags: Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Hermés, More\n\nWhat's hot\n\nKylie Jenner's Nude Bikini Is The Swimsuit Equivalent...\n\nAddison Rae Wore Next To Nothing At The MTV Movie...\n\nMy Honest Review Of Target's New Designer Dress Collection...\n\nI Tried The Amazon Hockney Dress Dupe So You Don't...\n\nEmily Ratajkowski Won't Stop Wearing This $79 Handbag...\n\nStyleCaster\n\n# How to Spot Fake Designer Bags: Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Hermés, More\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n * 0\n\nbyLeah Bourne Oct 20, 2014 at 4:55 pm EDT\n\nIs that Chanel bag real or fake? Photo: Getty\n\nA designer handbag has a special type of power. Not only can it instantly\nupdate every piece in your closet, but it can give you an undeniable spring in\nyour step. The only caveat? They’re expensive, and only getting more\nso—Chanel, for example, is on average rising prices of bags 20 percent a year.\nThis pesky fact makes it increasingly alluring to look for bargains, although\ncertain deals on handbags are just too good to be true.\n\n## MORE: Are You Ruining Your ‘It’ Bag? 10 Genius Tricks to Keep it Clean\n\nAs the market for designer bags has grown, so has the market for knockoffs. In\n2012, the U.S. seized counterfeit goods worth around $1.26 billion, and there\nwas no shortage of fake designer handbags in that haul. A huge problem for\nbrands and consumers alike? Counterfeiters are getting increasingly savvy, and\ntelling the difference between a fake and the real deal isn’t always easy.\n\nHere, some tips to keep in mind when handbag shopping, particularly in the\nsecondhand market, to make sure that what you buy is the real deal.\n\n1\\. Do your research.\n\nIf you’re not planning on buying a bag from a particular designer’s store or a\nreputable department store, then you’re going to want to make sure you do a\nton of research. Get as familiar with the bag that you’re interested in as\npossible. A great way to do this is to head to the designer’s store and scope\nout the real bag in person. Get familiar with how the leather of the bag is\nsupposed to feel, what the hardware looks like, and where the logos are\nactually supposed to placed. It’s all in the details.\n\n2\\. Be wary of deals that are too good to be true.\n\nIf a bag normally retails for $2,500 and is being offered to you for $150,\nyou’re probably being taken for a ride. Keep in mind that if you’re looking\nfor a a majorly discounted handbag, you’re likely going to have to buy\nsomething that’s secondhand, with a lot of wear and tear.\n\n3\\. Check the hardware.\n\nPay extra attention to zippers, clasps, and closures, which are often the most\ntelling factors when it comes to discerning whether a bag is counterfeit.\nHardware on designer bags should all have the same color and finish (an\nexception being Chloé, which creates bags that use mixed hardware). Zippers\nshould also open and close smoothly.\n\n4\\. Pay careful attention to seams and stitching.\n\nThe seams of a designer bag are rarely glued. Another giveaway can be the\nstitching. If the stitching seems to be sloppy, uneven, or slanted, you’re\nprobably looking at a fake bag. This one’s a given, but the stitching on a new\nbag should never be frayed!\n\n5\\. You can’t fake leather.\n\nLeather items should smell like leather, so if you smell glue, rubber, or\nchemicals, you likely have a fake on your hands. Remember, if it claims to be\nmade from leather then it should have a soft but dry feel to it—fake leather\nwill feel sticky and oily. Be sure to study the handles of a bag. If the bag\nhas leather straps or handles then after a few weeks of wear the color from\nthe leather should have discolored slightly—fake leather handles will remain\nshiny and unchanged\n\n6\\. Stay away from online designer bag outlets.\n\nMost manufacturers have their own outlets for stock that didn’t sell. Come\nacross an outlet store online, not run by the manufacturer, where you can buy\nmultiples of the same designer bag? The bags for sale are probably\ncounterfeit.\n\nA Chanel bag. Photo: Getty\n\nHow To Spot a Fake Chanel Handbag\n\nThere are some telling signs as to whether a Chanel handbag is fake or real.\nMake sure it has interlocking C’s—many knockoffs have interlocking O’s which\nare snipped after production to look similar to a C. The quilting should be\nsymmetric. Also of note, Chanel does not attach any tags or wrapping to its\nbags, so if a bag comes with a tag attached, it’s safe to assume it’s a\nknockoff.\n\nNewer Chanel bags will come in a black dust bag with ‘Chanel’ written in\nblack, while vintage Chanel bags will come in a white felt bag with a black\nlogo. The bag should be stamped with CHANEL on the inside as well as having\n‘Made in France’ directly underneath it or to the side. Keep in mind that\nChanel authenticity cards are often copied, so just because a bag comes with\none, doesn’t mean the bag is real.\n\nA classic Gucci logo bag. Photo Getty\n\nHow To Spot a Fake Gucci Handbag\n\nTo determine if a Gucci bag is fake or real start with the pockets. Study the\ncut of the leather intently, especially around the interior zippered pocket\n(if it’s a style of bag comes with a pocket). The cut should be exactly the\nsame all the way around the pocket. On the inside tag where it says GUCCI and\n‘Made in Italy’ there should also be a style number with a four or six digit\nserial stamped on the leather.\n\nThere are two types of Gucci dust bags, one made from dark brown satin and\nwith the GG logo printed on the front with the second G being upside down. The\nsecond type is a solid light brown color with GUCCI written in gold across the\nfront.\n\nSimilar to Chanel, Gucci authenticity cards are often copied. The Gucci\nControllato Card should have GUCCI written in capitals with a dark grey\nbackground. Underneath that in a white background should be the word\n‘controllato’ and the numbers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0. The back of the card is\nalways left blank.\n\nAn Hermès Birkin bag. Photo: Getty\n\nHow To Spot a Fake Hermès Handbag\n\nHermès has done a lot to crack down on fakes, and because of that spotting a\nfake version of one of the company’s iconic bags is surprisingly easy. Hermès\nbags will never come with paper tags attached to them. The Birkin and Kelly\nstyles come complete with an engraved lock and key set, and the lock will have\nthe word Hermès written on the bottom and there will be a matching number\nthat’s placed on the lock and the key.\n\nAlso, Hermès never uses a metal nameplate on the inside of its bags, a detail\nthat counterfeit bags often feature. Also, keep in mind that there is no such\nthing as a “Vintage Birkin,” the Birkin has only been around since 1984.\n\nA Louis Vuitton clutch. Photo:Getty\n\nHow To Spot a Fake Louis Vuitton Handbag\n\nLouis Vuitton is one of the most copied brands on the planet. To start, always\nremember that the O’s in Louis Vuitton should have a perfectly round shape—\nmany counterfeits use oval shaped O’s instead. Louis Vuitton is extremely\ncareful about the way that its monogram is placed, and it’s usually completely\nsymmetrical from side to side.\n\nSome styles such as the Speedy have upside down LVs on the back-side of the\nbag— the reason being that Louis Vuitton will use one continuous piece of\ncoated canvas that will wrap from the back to the front, which means one side\nof the bag will have an upside down logo. Not all Louis Vuitton bags are made\nin France, so if your bag says ‘Made in USA’ don’t automatically assume it’s a\nfake. Also, be sure to check that the Louis Vuitton bag you’re considering\nbuying actually exists. Sounds obvious, but there are plenty of examples of\ncounterfeit styles and colors of Vuitton bags that the brand never actually\ncreated.\n\nSignature Goyard bags. Photo:Getty\n\nHow To Spot a Fake Goyard Handbag\n\nAuthentic Goyard bags are made from special resin coated linen and are lined\nwith a cotton and linen blend fabric that leaves the bag feeling extremely\nlight—unlike many of the fakes that are made from cheap cotton and vinyl.\nGoyard bags come in a plain dust bag placed within a plain, unmarked brown\nbox. There will be no plastic covered handles or leather tags on the handle.\nGoyard bags are only sold at a small number of retail locations, which is\neasily accessed on the brand’s website.\n\nIf you’re buying a used Goyard bag, ask for the original receipt or even the\nplace of purchase to match up with the list of retailers on the label’s site.\n\nA Prada bag. Photo: Getty\n\nHow To Spot a Fake Prada Handbag\n\nThe first thing to investigate on a Prada bag when trying to determine if it’s\nreal is the logo plaque on the interior bag. The plaque should match the\ninterior fabric of the bag and newer styles will have plaques that say ‘Prada’\nand ‘Made In Italy’ on two lines.\n\nAnother way to determine authenticity? Prada only uses certain brands of\nzippers—Lampo, Ykk, Riri, Opti, and Ipi. These names will be embossed on the\nback side of the zipper. Not one of those brands? You aren’t looking at a real\nPrada bag.\n\nAll the hardware on an authentic Prada bag—zippers, buckles, locks, metal\nfeet, and decorative hardware—will all be engraved with Prada, no exceptions.\nIf any hardware on the bag is blank, you’re getting scammed. Authentic Prada\nhandbags also have a small white tag in the interior with a random number\nprinted on it.\n\n * share\n\n * pin\n\n * tweet\n\n * tumblr\n\n * 0comments\n\nTags:\n\n * Birkin Bags\n * Chanel\n * Designer Handbags\n * designer knockoffs\n * fake designer bags\n * Fake Handbags\n * hermes\n * louis vuitton\n\n * About Us\n * Accessibility\n * Advertise\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n * Press\n\n * Signup\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n\nSheknows MediaBeauty and Style\n\ncopyright 2021 © all rights reserved by stylecaster\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * EU Privacy Preferences\n * Terms Of Use\n * California Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * RSS\n * Amazon Affiliate Disclosure\n\nPowered by WordPress VIP\n\nStyleCaster\n\n * Fashion\n\n * Fashion News\n * Street Style\n * Tips + Trends\n * Shopping\n * Celebrity Looks\n * Beauty\n\n * Makeup\n * Hair + Nails\n * Skin Care\n * Health + Fitness\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Home\n * Travel\n * Food + Drink\n * Love + Sex\n * Entertainment\n\n * Celebrity News\n * TV + Movies\n * Music\n * Culture\n * Digital Issues\n * Shopping\n * SCTV\n\n##### WANT MORE?\n\n###### Get STYLECASTER in your inbox\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n\n * About Us\n * Accessibility\n * Advertise\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n * Press\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Privacy Preferences\n * Terms Of Use\n * California Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * RSS\n * Amazon Affiliate Disclosure\n * Accessibility\n\nshare\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2013/12/19/how-to-spot-a-fake_n_4470655.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170924015916/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2013/12/19/how-to-spot-a-fake_n_4470655.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How To Spot A Fake Bag? Check The Leather, The Stitching... And Who Sold It To You", "passages": [ "Counterfeit designer goods are a thorn in the fashion industry's side, touching everyone from the luxury companies that find their brands diluted to the consignment shops that find themselves faced with inauthentic stock. Just last year, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection seized about $1.26 billion of counterfeit goods from overseas.", "The stats are staggering enough to give fashion lovers pause. Plenty of women want the latest Celine bag or Louboutin shoes, but they want them at a good price. So how can you tell if your shiny new purchase is the real thing?", "Laura Fluhr and Tammy Fluhr-Gates of Michael's, a longtime consignment shop on New York's Upper East Side, walked us through what we need to know. \"The fakes have gotten so good,\" Fluhr-Gates told us. But there are some tips you can know.", "\"The ones that fetch the most in the first market, in retail, are going to make the most sense for the counterfeiters to manufacture,\" said Fluhr-Gates. That includes Christian Louboutin shoes, Chanel bags, Hermès bags, Louis Vuitton bags, Alexander McQueen scarves, Hermès scarves and Herve Leger bandage dresses.", "There are certain idiosyncratic markings, noted Fluhr-Gates, that only an expert whose seen hundreds of bags would know. These include:", "The number of stitches. \"Certain bags have certain numbers of stitching between one element and another element,\" said Fluhr-Gates, \"so you count the stitching.\"", "A unique serial number. Different brands use serial numbers differently, so it can get complicated knowing what to look for. \"Bottega Veneta, for example, has a certain way of applying their label with a little tag that goes along on the inside with a little serial number,\" Fluhr-Gates told us.", "Where the \"blind stamp\" is located. Most designer bags have a colorless stamp of authenticity located somewhere in the bag, pressed into the leather. But they vary between bags. \"Even within Hermès, the blind stamping is done different places, different handbags, different years,\" said Fluhr. So you would have to know the exact stamp of the bag you bought, based on the year and style.", "When you're buying resale (i.e. from a consignment shop or eBay), the biggest sign of counterfeiting is who is selling you the bag.", "\"I think the biggest telltale sign isn't about the item specifically but about who you're dealing with,\" said Fluhr-Gates. \"You have to know you're buying from someone who knows their stuff and has a 100 percent guaranteed backup to whatever they're selling you.\" That means taking several precautions:", "Checking out the seller on eBay: \"You look at their feedback, you look at how long they've been doing this.\"", "Ask for more photos. \"If there are photos of the goods and they look great, call the seller and say, 'This bag looks great, but can you give me another three pictures?' Because what happens unfortunately on a lot of these sites is that they'e swiping pictures that are real, but they don’t actually have the product, or they have a much less real-looking product that they’re trying to get to you.\"", "See what else the seller is peddling. \"If they have hundreds of Birkins for sale, you can be pretty sure that's not real,\" said Fluhr. Added Fluhr-Gates, \"Or those 'order your own Birkin in the size and color you want and we’ll have it to you in four days' deals.\" Yeah, life isn't that good." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Spot A Fake Bag? Check The Leather, The Stitching... And Who Sold It To\nYou | HuffPost\n\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\nyou.\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\nSTYLE\n\n12/19/2013 04:44 pm ET Updated Dec 19, 2013\n\n# How To Spot A Fake Bag? Check The Leather, The Stitching... And Who Sold It\nTo You\n\nBy Ellie Krupnick\n\nGetty\n\n160\n\nCounterfeit designer goods are a thorn in the fashion industry's side,\ntouching everyone from the luxury companies that find their brands diluted to\nthe consignment shops that find themselves faced with inauthentic stock. Just\nlast year, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection seized about $1.26 billion\nof counterfeit goods from overseas.\n\nThe stats are staggering enough to give fashion lovers pause. Plenty of women\nwant the latest Celine bag or Louboutin shoes, but they want them at a good\nprice. So how can you tell if your shiny new purchase is the real thing?\n\nLaura Fluhr and Tammy Fluhr-Gates of Michael's, a longtime consignment shop on\nNew York's Upper East Side, walked us through what we need to know. \"The fakes\nhave gotten so good,\" Fluhr-Gates told us. But there are some tips you can\nknow.\n\nThere are certain brands and items that are counterfeited the most.\n\n\"The ones that fetch the most in the first market, in retail, are going to\nmake the most sense for the counterfeiters to manufacture,\" said Fluhr-Gates.\nThat includes Christian Louboutin shoes, Chanel bags, Hermès bags, Louis\nVuitton bags, Alexander McQueen scarves, Hermès scarves and Herve Leger\nbandage dresses.\n\nThere are some telltale signs an item is fake.\n\n\"Sometimes it's glaringly obvious,\" said Fluhr. Things to look for:\n\n * Metal hardware with a rough, low-quality finish.\n * Low-quality leather without that supple feeling.\n * Uneven stitching, with stitches of various sizes and alignments.\n\nAnd when you can't find any of those telltale signs, an expert can help.\n\nThere are certain idiosyncratic markings, noted Fluhr-Gates, that only an\nexpert whose seen hundreds of bags would know. These include:\n\n * The number of stitches. \"Certain bags have certain numbers of stitching between one element and another element,\" said Fluhr-Gates, \"so you count the stitching.\"\n * A unique serial number. Different brands use serial numbers differently, so it can get complicated knowing what to look for. \"Bottega Veneta, for example, has a certain way of applying their label with a little tag that goes along on the inside with a little serial number,\" Fluhr-Gates told us.\n * Where the \"blind stamp\" is located. Most designer bags have a colorless stamp of authenticity located somewhere in the bag, pressed into the leather. But they vary between bags. \"Even within Hermès, the blind stamping is done different places, different handbags, different years,\" said Fluhr. So you would have to know the exact stamp of the bag you bought, based on the year and style.\n\nWhen you're buying resale (i.e. from a consignment shop or eBay), the biggest\nsign of counterfeiting is who is selling you the bag.\n\n\"I think the biggest telltale sign isn't about the item specifically but about\nwho you're dealing with,\" said Fluhr-Gates. \"You have to know you're buying\nfrom someone who knows their stuff and has a 100 percent guaranteed backup to\nwhatever they're selling you.\" That means taking several precautions:\n\n * Checking out the seller on eBay: \"You look at their feedback, you look at how long they've been doing this.\"\n * Ask for more photos. \"If there are photos of the goods and they look great, call the seller and say, 'This bag looks great, but can you give me another three pictures?' Because what happens unfortunately on a lot of these sites is that they'e swiping pictures that are real, but they don’t actually have the product, or they have a much less real-looking product that they’re trying to get to you.\"\n * See what else the seller is peddling. \"If they have hundreds of Birkins for sale, you can be pretty sure that's not real,\" said Fluhr. Added Fluhr-Gates, \"Or those 'order your own Birkin in the size and color you want and we’ll have it to you in four days' deals.\" Yeah, life isn't that good.\n\nTammy Fluhr-Gates breaks it down -- can you tell which is the authentic Hermès\nbag?\n\nWant more? Be sure to check out HuffPost Style on Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr,\nPinterest and Instagram at @HuffPostStyle.\n\nDownload\n\nSuggest a correction\n\nEllie Krupnick Senior Editor of Viral Content and Strategy, The Huffington\nPost\n\n## MORE:\n\nFake Designer How To Tell Fake Fake Chanel Bags How To Spot A Fake Fake\nDesigner Bags\n\nHow To Spot A Fake Bag? Check The Leather, The Stitching... And Who Sold It To\nYou\n\n160\n\n## CONVERSATIONS\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * Careers\n * Archive\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n\n©2017 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost Lifestyle\n\n * Arabi\n * Australia\n * Brasil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Greece\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * Japan\n * Korea\n * Maghreb\n * México\n * Québec\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n * South Africa\n\nClose\n\n" } ]
8,758,729
How To Make Garlic Butter Sauce
To make garlic butter dipping sauce, start by melting the butter over a medium-low heat. Then, add a crushed clove of garlic to the pan and sauté it for 2 minutes. Stir in the herbs until fully combined and use the sauce immediately, since the butter may separate if it cools down. If you'd like to make creamy garlic butter sauce instead, Sauté the garlic in the melted butter before stirring in the flour and cooking for 1 minute. Finish by whisking in the broth and milk until the sauce bubbles.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210826150412/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/11920/garlic-butter-sauce-i/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422234313/https://www.food.com/recipe/creamy-garlic-penne-pasta-43023", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210425171331/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/155945/lobster-dipping-sauce/" ]
train
2,435
[ { "original_url": "https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/11920/garlic-butter-sauce-i/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210826150412/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/11920/garlic-butter-sauce-i/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Garlic Butter Sauce I Recipe", "passages": [ "A rich, buttery sauce for pasta with herbs and garlic. Great with grated Parmesan or Romano cheese. Try serving it over your favorite pasta. Easy to double or triple.", "I modified this recipe a bit... a little less seasoning, couple more garlic cloves, tiny bit of olive oil, and added small chunks of mozarella cheese to the pasta... and it turned out to be a GREAT recipe. Oh, and a pinch of salt and pepper. Read More", "This recipe was pretty good. I adjusted so that it had a cream base and it was even better!!!All I did was add 1 1/2 cups of milk, 1 tbsp. of flour and some salt and pepper. My husband LOVED it!!! It was outstanding! A must try!! Read More", "This recipe was pretty good. I adjusted so that it had a cream base and it was even better!!!All I did was add 1 1/2 cups of milk, 1 tbsp. of flour and some salt and pepper. My husband LOVED it!!! It was outstanding! A must try!! Read More", "I modified this recipe a bit... a little less seasoning, couple more garlic cloves, tiny bit of olive oil, and added small chunks of mozarella cheese to the pasta... and it turned out to be a GREAT recipe. Oh, and a pinch of salt and pepper. Read More", "Saw this in the recent reviews so I whipped me up some for lunch. I cut the butter back to 1/4 cup, the spices to 1 tsp, used 2 big cloves of roasted garlic & I browned my butter because I love the flavor...served it over egg noodles. Even though I cut back on the butter, I still had some left, that I didn't need. This would probably coat at least two servings of pasta unless you like it swimming in butter. Thansk for a tasty lunch Christine! Read More", "This recipe was right on for flavor and ease of preparation. I increased the spices a bit and added 1-1/2 cups of milk and 1 tbl. of flour as suggested by one review. It was restaurant awesome. Perfect amount over angel hair pasta with scallops. Thanks for a GREAT recipe! Darlene Read More", "IT was great. Just what I was looking for. used it on my seafood pasta dish. One thing I can't figure out is how you can change the recipe then give it lower marks because you did not like it!?? Seems to me your changes . . . never mind. Read More", "I made this for my girlfriend to put on grilled chicken breast instead of pasta. I cooked the chicken breast, then coated it in the sauce on the frying pan, letting the flavour cook through for a couple minutes on medium-low heat. Tasted amazing. Read More", "I made this recipe but I changed it up quite a bit. I stuck with the 1/3 cup of butter. Then I added a Tbsp of minced garlic. After it sauteed for a few minutes to get the flavor into the butter I added about a Tbsp of flour to thicken things up. Once it was thickened I added milk a Tbsp at a time until the sauce smoothed out a bit and because the consistency I wanted...something that would be a little thinner but still all hold onto my gnocchi's without puddling at the bottom of the bowl. As soon as I got the right consistency I added a pinch of sea salt for flavor and a shake or two of italian seasoning which really made the sauce. It was AMAZING!! Thanks for the basics for what because a staple in my house! I think I may make this an can it for my family! Read More", "I loved how simple this sauce was. It tasted great. I also reduced the amount of herbs and added more garlic and some pepper. My husband said it tasted like the dipping sauce we just had at an italian restaraunt! Read More", "I used this sauce as a base for my pasta only I added milk and cornstarch to make it thicker. I thought it was really good in flavor but I had to add quite a bit of salt. It was still good and I will continue to use it when i don't want to have a marinara or tomatoe sauce pasta. I even liked it better than store bought alfredo! It was good. Read More", "*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.", "(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.", "This recipe was pretty good. I adjusted so that it had a cream base and it was even better!!!All I did was add 1 1/2 cups of milk, 1 tbsp. of flour and some salt and pepper. My husband LOVED it!!! It was outstanding! A must try!!", "I modified this recipe a bit... a little less seasoning, couple more garlic cloves, tiny bit of olive oil, and added small chunks of mozarella cheese to the pasta... and it turned out to be a GREAT recipe. Oh, and a pinch of salt and pepper.", "Saw this in the recent reviews so I whipped me up some for lunch. I cut the butter back to 1/4 cup, the spices to 1 tsp, used 2 big cloves of roasted garlic & I browned my butter because I love the flavor...served it over egg noodles. Even though I cut back on the butter, I still had some left, that I didn't need. This would probably coat at least two servings of pasta unless you like it swimming in butter. Thansk for a tasty lunch Christine!", "This recipe was right on for flavor and ease of preparation. I increased the spices a bit and added 1-1/2 cups of milk and 1 tbl. of flour as suggested by one review. It was restaurant awesome. Perfect amount over angel hair pasta with scallops. Thanks for a GREAT recipe! Darlene", "IT was great. Just what I was looking for. used it on my seafood pasta dish. One thing I can't figure out is how you can change the recipe then give it lower marks because you did not like it!?? Seems to me your changes . . . never mind.", "I made this for my girlfriend to put on grilled chicken breast instead of pasta. I cooked the chicken breast, then coated it in the sauce on the frying pan, letting the flavour cook through for a couple minutes on medium-low heat. Tasted amazing.", "I made this recipe but I changed it up quite a bit. I stuck with the 1/3 cup of butter. Then I added a Tbsp of minced garlic. After it sauteed for a few minutes to get the flavor into the butter I added about a Tbsp of flour to thicken things up. Once it was thickened I added milk a Tbsp at a time until the sauce smoothed out a bit and because the consistency I wanted...something that would be a little thinner but still all hold onto my gnocchi's without puddling at the bottom of the bowl. As soon as I got the right consistency I added a pinch of sea salt for flavor and a shake or two of italian seasoning which really made the sauce. It was AMAZING!! Thanks for the basics for what because a staple in my house! I think I may make this an can it for my family!", "I loved how simple this sauce was. It tasted great. I also reduced the amount of herbs and added more garlic and some pepper. My husband said it tasted like the dipping sauce we just had at an italian restaraunt!", "I used this sauce as a base for my pasta only I added milk and cornstarch to make it thicker. I thought it was really good in flavor but I had to add quite a bit of salt. It was still good and I will continue to use it when i don't want to have a marinara or tomatoe sauce pasta. I even liked it better than store bought alfredo! It was good.", "MeredithAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "Garlic Butter Sauce I Recipe | Allrecipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Allrecipes\n\nAllrecipes Allrecipes\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nGet Allrecipes Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Create a Profile\n * Newsletters\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Your Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nRating: 4.19 stars\n\n267 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 118\n * 4 star values: 102\n * 3 star values: 33\n * 2 star values: 9\n * 1 star values: 5\n\n * Read Reviews\n * Add Review\n\n * 267 Ratings\n * 188 Reviews\n * 22 Photos\n\nA rich, buttery sauce for pasta with herbs and garlic. Great with grated\nParmesan or Romano cheese. Try serving it over your favorite pasta. Easy to\ndouble or triple.\n\nBy Christine\n\nSave Pin Print\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Gallery\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I House of Aqua\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I abby1227\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I Vimarys Colon\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I Jill Davis\n\n\\+ 18 18 more images\n\n## Recipe Summary test\n\nServings:\n\n1\n\nYield:\n\n1 serving\n\nNutrition Info\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Ingredients\n\n1\n\nOriginal recipe yields 1 servings\n\nThe ingredient list now reflects the servings specified\n\n## Directions\n\n## Nutrition Facts\n\nPer Serving:\n\n559 calories; protein 1.3g; carbohydrates 3.7g; fat 61.7g; cholesterol\n162.7mg; sodium 437.2mg. Full Nutrition\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Reviews (188)\n\nRead More Reviews\n\n### Most helpful positive review\n\nDIGITALMING\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n10/23/2003\n\nI modified this recipe a bit... a little less seasoning, couple more garlic\ncloves, tiny bit of olive oil, and added small chunks of mozarella cheese to\nthe pasta... and it turned out to be a GREAT recipe. Oh, and a pinch of salt\nand pepper. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(344)\n\n### Most helpful critical review\n\nEDAMARIS\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n09/26/2005\n\nThis recipe was pretty good. I adjusted so that it had a cream base and it was\neven better!!!All I did was add 1 1/2 cups of milk, 1 tbsp. of flour and some\nsalt and pepper. My husband LOVED it!!! It was outstanding! A must try!! Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(747)\n\n267 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 118\n * 4 star values: 102\n * 3 star values: 33\n * 2 star values: 9\n * 1 star values: 5\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nEDAMARIS\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n09/25/2005\n\nThis recipe was pretty good. I adjusted so that it had a cream base and it was\neven better!!!All I did was add 1 1/2 cups of milk, 1 tbsp. of flour and some\nsalt and pepper. My husband LOVED it!!! It was outstanding! A must try!! Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(747)\n\nDIGITALMING\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n10/22/2003\n\nI modified this recipe a bit... a little less seasoning, couple more garlic\ncloves, tiny bit of olive oil, and added small chunks of mozarella cheese to\nthe pasta... and it turned out to be a GREAT recipe. Oh, and a pinch of salt\nand pepper. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(344)\n\nIMVINTAGE\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n10/05/2006\n\nSaw this in the recent reviews so I whipped me up some for lunch. I cut the\nbutter back to 1/4 cup, the spices to 1 tsp, used 2 big cloves of roasted\ngarlic & I browned my butter because I love the flavor...served it over egg\nnoodles. Even though I cut back on the butter, I still had some left, that I\ndidn't need. This would probably coat at least two servings of pasta unless\nyou like it swimming in butter. Thansk for a tasty lunch Christine! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(231)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nDarlene\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n03/09/2008\n\nThis recipe was right on for flavor and ease of preparation. I increased the\nspices a bit and added 1-1/2 cups of milk and 1 tbl. of flour as suggested by\none review. It was restaurant awesome. Perfect amount over angel hair pasta\nwith scallops. Thanks for a GREAT recipe! Darlene Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(89)\n\nKeith\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/04/2012\n\nIT was great. Just what I was looking for. used it on my seafood pasta dish.\nOne thing I can't figure out is how you can change the recipe then give it\nlower marks because you did not like it!?? Seems to me your changes . . .\nnever mind. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(83)\n\nBruce\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/15/2006\n\nI made this for my girlfriend to put on grilled chicken breast instead of\npasta. I cooked the chicken breast, then coated it in the sauce on the frying\npan, letting the flavour cook through for a couple minutes on medium-low heat.\nTasted amazing. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(69)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nKelly Corder\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/07/2011\n\nI made this recipe but I changed it up quite a bit. I stuck with the 1/3 cup\nof butter. Then I added a Tbsp of minced garlic. After it sauteed for a few\nminutes to get the flavor into the butter I added about a Tbsp of flour to\nthicken things up. Once it was thickened I added milk a Tbsp at a time until\nthe sauce smoothed out a bit and because the consistency I wanted...something\nthat would be a little thinner but still all hold onto my gnocchi's without\npuddling at the bottom of the bowl. As soon as I got the right consistency I\nadded a pinch of sea salt for flavor and a shake or two of italian seasoning\nwhich really made the sauce. It was AMAZING!! Thanks for the basics for what\nbecause a staple in my house! I think I may make this an can it for my family!\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(41)\n\nkaylamayacamrynmom\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n09/26/2003\n\nI loved how simple this sauce was. It tasted great. I also reduced the amount\nof herbs and added more garlic and some pepper. My husband said it tasted like\nthe dipping sauce we just had at an italian restaraunt! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(32)\n\nSaresMama\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n07/25/2006\n\nI used this sauce as a base for my pasta only I added milk and cornstarch to\nmake it thicker. I thought it was really good in flavor but I had to add quite\na bit of salt. It was still good and I will continue to use it when i don't\nwant to have a marinara or tomatoe sauce pasta. I even liked it better than\nstore bought alfredo! It was good. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(24)\n\nMore Reviews\n\nBack to Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\n## All Reviews for Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\n\\- of Reviews\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Share & More\n\n## Nutritional Information\n\n### Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nServings Per Recipe: 1 Calories: 559\n\n% Daily Value *\n\nprotein: 1.3g 3 %\n\ncarbohydrates: 3.7g 1 %\n\ndietary fiber: 1.8g 7 %\n\nsugars: 0.2g\n\nfat: 61.7g 95 %\n\nsaturated fat: 39g 195 %\n\ncholesterol: 162.7mg 54 %\n\nvitamin a iu: 2203.7IU 44 %\n\nniacin equivalents: 0.5mg 4 %\n\nvitamin b6: 0.1mg 6 %\n\nvitamin c: 3.1mg 5 %\n\nfolate: 13.7mcg 3 %\n\ncalcium: 94.6mg 10 %\n\niron: 1.9mg 10 %\n\nmagnesium: 15.1mg 5 %\n\npotassium: 118.9mg 3 %\n\nsodium: 437.2mg 18 %\n\ncalories from fat: 555.7\n\n*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\n\n**Nutrient information is not available for all ingredients. Amount is based\non available nutrient data.\n\n(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are\nfollowing a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or\nregistered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\n\nPowered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights\nReserved\n\n## Recipe Reviews Photos\n\n### Reviews for Photos of Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\n1 of 188\n\nAll Reviews\n\nEDAMARIS\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n09/25/2005\n\nThis recipe was pretty good. I adjusted so that it had a cream base and it was\neven better!!!All I did was add 1 1/2 cups of milk, 1 tbsp. of flour and some\nsalt and pepper. My husband LOVED it!!! It was outstanding! A must try!!\n\nHelpful\n\n(747)\n\nDIGITALMING\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n10/22/2003\n\nI modified this recipe a bit... a little less seasoning, couple more garlic\ncloves, tiny bit of olive oil, and added small chunks of mozarella cheese to\nthe pasta... and it turned out to be a GREAT recipe. Oh, and a pinch of salt\nand pepper.\n\nHelpful\n\n(344)\n\nIMVINTAGE\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n10/05/2006\n\nSaw this in the recent reviews so I whipped me up some for lunch. I cut the\nbutter back to 1/4 cup, the spices to 1 tsp, used 2 big cloves of roasted\ngarlic & I browned my butter because I love the flavor...served it over egg\nnoodles. Even though I cut back on the butter, I still had some left, that I\ndidn't need. This would probably coat at least two servings of pasta unless\nyou like it swimming in butter. Thansk for a tasty lunch Christine!\n\nHelpful\n\n(231)\n\nDarlene\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n03/09/2008\n\nThis recipe was right on for flavor and ease of preparation. I increased the\nspices a bit and added 1-1/2 cups of milk and 1 tbl. of flour as suggested by\none review. It was restaurant awesome. Perfect amount over angel hair pasta\nwith scallops. Thanks for a GREAT recipe! Darlene\n\nHelpful\n\n(89)\n\nKeith\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/04/2012\n\nIT was great. Just what I was looking for. used it on my seafood pasta dish.\nOne thing I can't figure out is how you can change the recipe then give it\nlower marks because you did not like it!?? Seems to me your changes . . .\nnever mind.\n\nHelpful\n\n(83)\n\nBruce\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/15/2006\n\nI made this for my girlfriend to put on grilled chicken breast instead of\npasta. I cooked the chicken breast, then coated it in the sauce on the frying\npan, letting the flavour cook through for a couple minutes on medium-low heat.\nTasted amazing.\n\nHelpful\n\n(69)\n\nKelly Corder\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/07/2011\n\nI made this recipe but I changed it up quite a bit. I stuck with the 1/3 cup\nof butter. Then I added a Tbsp of minced garlic. After it sauteed for a few\nminutes to get the flavor into the butter I added about a Tbsp of flour to\nthicken things up. Once it was thickened I added milk a Tbsp at a time until\nthe sauce smoothed out a bit and because the consistency I wanted...something\nthat would be a little thinner but still all hold onto my gnocchi's without\npuddling at the bottom of the bowl. As soon as I got the right consistency I\nadded a pinch of sea salt for flavor and a shake or two of italian seasoning\nwhich really made the sauce. It was AMAZING!! Thanks for the basics for what\nbecause a staple in my house! I think I may make this an can it for my family!\n\nHelpful\n\n(41)\n\nkaylamayacamrynmom\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n09/26/2003\n\nI loved how simple this sauce was. It tasted great. I also reduced the amount\nof herbs and added more garlic and some pepper. My husband said it tasted like\nthe dipping sauce we just had at an italian restaraunt!\n\nHelpful\n\n(32)\n\nSaresMama\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n07/25/2006\n\nI used this sauce as a base for my pasta only I added milk and cornstarch to\nmake it thicker. I thought it was really good in flavor but I had to add quite\na bit of salt. It was still good and I will continue to use it when i don't\nwant to have a marinara or tomatoe sauce pasta. I even liked it better than\nstore bought alfredo! It was good.\n\nHelpful\n\n(24)\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n1 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nHouse of Aqua\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n2 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nabby1227\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n3 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nVimarys Colon\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n4 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nJill Davis\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n5 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nKirk McDonald\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n6 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nRhonda Logan\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n7 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nLynn Buck\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n8 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nApril\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n9 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nCherries\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n10 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nKevbed1962\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n11 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nSarah Keller\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n12 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nRhonda Logan\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n13 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nseraphina\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n14 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nScotdog\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n15 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nSaeL\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n16 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nDonnalynn038\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n17 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nJames Harris\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n18 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\nAlexandraStone\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n19 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\njennita\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\n20 of 22 Garlic Butter Sauce I\n\ntima\n\n## Review this recipe\n\nSuccess!Thanks for adding your feedback.\n\n## Successfully saved\n\nCongrats! You saved Garlic Butter Sauce I to your Favorites\n\n## Sign in\n\nAllrecipes\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021\nMeredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy\nPolicythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new\ntab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright 2021 allrecipes.com. All rights reserved. Printed from\nhttps://www.allrecipes.com 08/26/2021\n\n## View image\n\nGarlic Butter Sauce I\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.food.com/recipe/creamy-garlic-penne-pasta-43023", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422234313/https://www.food.com/recipe/creamy-garlic-penne-pasta-43023", "parsed_text": { "title": "Creamy Garlic Penne Pasta Recipe", "passages": [ "This is a delicious, super quick side or main dish. I got it from the back of a pasta box and it is yummy!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Creamy Garlic Penne Pasta Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / Penne\n\nCommunity Pick\n\n# Creamy Garlic Penne Pasta\n\n(377)\n\nRecipe by Karen..\n\nThis is a delicious, super quick side or main dish. I got it from the back of\na pasta box and it is yummy!\n\n391\n\nPeople talking\n\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\n\nREADY IN: 15mins\n\nSERVES: 6-8\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * 1\n\n(1 lb) box penne or (1 lb) box penne rigate, cooked as directed, drained and\nkept hot\n\n * 2\n\ntablespoons butter or 2 tablespoons margarine\n\n * 2\n\ngarlic cloves, minced\n\n * 2\n\ntablespoons flour\n\n * ^3⁄_4\n\ncup chicken broth or 3/4 cup beef broth\n\n * ^3⁄_4\n\ncup milk\n\n * 2\n\nteaspoons parsley flakes\n\n * salt and pepper, to taste\n\n * ^1⁄_3\n\ncup grated parmesan cheese\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (113) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 6\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 363.8\n\nCalories from Fat 74 g 21 %\n\nTotal Fat 8.3 g 12 %\n\nSaturated Fat 4.4 g 21 %\n\nCholesterol 19.3 mg 6 %\n\nSodium 230.2 mg 9 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 64.1 g 21 %\n\nDietary Fiber 8.5 g 33 %\n\nSugars 0.2 g 0 %\n\nProtein 9.8 g 19 %\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * Melt butter and add garlic in a medium sauce pan.\n * Cook over medium for 1 minute.\n * Add flour and cook 1 minute, stirring constantly.\n * Stir in broth and milk and cook, stirring frequently, until sauce boils and thickens.\n * Add parsley, salt, pepper and cheese.\n * Stir until cheese is melted.\n * Toss hot pasta with sauce and serve immediately.\n\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\nTop 100 Pantry Recipes\n\n101 photos\n\nCreamy Garlic Pasta\n\nby Geschmackmeisterin\n\n(8)\n\nCreamy Garlic Pasta With Mushrooms and Prosciutto\n\nby lazyme\n\n(1)\n\n37 Ways to Say No to Boring Chicken...\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * HGTV Poland\n\n© 2021 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/155945/lobster-dipping-sauce/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210425171331/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/155945/lobster-dipping-sauce/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Lobster Dipping Sauce Recipe", "passages": [ "Butter, lemon and garlic combine to create a buttery concoction for dipping steamed, grilled, (or however you prepare it) lobster.", "Great recipe! So easy and we really enjoyed the flavors and it went great with our lobster. I can't wait to try this recipe with other seafood! Thanks for a great recipe! Read More", "Great recipe! So easy and we really enjoyed the flavors and it went great with our lobster. I can't wait to try this recipe with other seafood! Thanks for a great recipe! Read More", "I have made this several times already. Great recipe and very easy!!! Great with shrimp and crab too!! Read More", "Nothing is better than butter except when you add garlic and lemon! Not a fan of the cilantro so I subbed with parsley. So good and thank you! Read More", "Made recipe exactly as written and it is WONDERFUL! Can't wait to try it again with crab legs or scallops! Read More", "omg this was so delicious! especially with some garlic powder (as well as the minced garlic) on top of blue louisiana crabs! Read More", "*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.", "(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.", "Great recipe! So easy and we really enjoyed the flavors and it went great with our lobster. I can't wait to try this recipe with other seafood! Thanks for a great recipe!", "Nothing is better than butter except when you add garlic and lemon! Not a fan of the cilantro so I subbed with parsley. So good and thank you!", "Made recipe exactly as written and it is WONDERFUL! Can't wait to try it again with crab legs or scallops!", "omg this was so delicious! especially with some garlic powder (as well as the minced garlic) on top of blue louisiana crabs!", "MeredithAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab" ] }, "parsed_md": "Lobster Dipping Sauce Recipe | Allrecipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Allrecipes\n\nAllrecipes Allrecipes\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nGet Allrecipes Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Create a Profile\n * Newsletters\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Your Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\nLIVE\n\n# Lobster Dipping Sauce\n\nRating: 4.8 stars\n\n30 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 25\n * 4 star values: 4\n * 3 star values: 1\n * 2 star values: 0\n * 1 star values: 0\n\n * Read Reviews\n * Add Reviews\n\n * 30 Ratings\n * 22 Reviews\n * 3 Photos\n\nButter, lemon and garlic combine to create a buttery concoction for dipping\nsteamed, grilled, (or however you prepare it) lobster.\n\nBy johnd\n\nSave Pin Print\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Gallery\n\nLobster Dipping Sauce\n\nLobster Dipping Sauce AliDot\n\nLobster Dipping Sauce olliesmomcooks\n\nLobster Dipping Sauce Catlin\n\n## Recipe Summary\n\nprep:\n\n5 mins\n\ncook:\n\n10 mins\n\ntotal:\n\n15 mins\n\nServings:\n\n8\n\nYield:\n\n1 cup\n\nNutrition Info\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Ingredients\n\n8\n\nOriginal recipe yields 8 servings\n\nThe ingredient list now reflects the servings specified\n\n## Directions\n\n## Nutrition Facts\n\nPer Serving:\n\n207 calories; protein 0.4g; carbohydrates 0.9g; fat 23g; cholesterol 61mg;\nsodium 164.1mg. Full Nutrition\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Reviews (22)\n\nRead More Reviews\n\n### Most helpful positive review\n\nCatlin\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/21/2009\n\nGreat recipe! So easy and we really enjoyed the flavors and it went great with\nour lobster. I can't wait to try this recipe with other seafood! Thanks for a\ngreat recipe! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(59)\n\n### Most helpful critical review\n\nLaura Litzell\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n07/12/2018\n\nI changed it from butter to half butter half olive oil. but it was yummy Read\nMore\n\n30 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 25\n * 4 star values: 4\n * 3 star values: 1\n * 2 star values: 0\n * 1 star values: 0\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nCatlin\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/21/2009\n\nGreat recipe! So easy and we really enjoyed the flavors and it went great with\nour lobster. I can't wait to try this recipe with other seafood! Thanks for a\ngreat recipe! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(59)\n\nK.K.B.\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n03/15/2011\n\nI have made this several times already. Great recipe and very easy!!! Great\nwith shrimp and crab too!! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(44)\n\nLINDA MCLEAN\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n12/01/2009\n\nNothing is better than butter except when you add garlic and lemon! Not a fan\nof the cilantro so I subbed with parsley. So good and thank you! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(28)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nCathy Lewis\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n02/18/2009\n\nMade recipe exactly as written and it is WONDERFUL! Can't wait to try it again\nwith crab legs or scallops! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(7)\n\nphilly6288\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/11/2011\n\nThis went great with crab. I omitted the cilantro. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(4)\n\nlgtnola\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/13/2010\n\nomg this was so delicious! especially with some garlic powder (as well as the\nminced garlic) on top of blue louisiana crabs! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nJack\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/25/2013\n\nWe still like straight butter better this was delicious on rice. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(2)\n\nBill N Cody Boness\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n03/22/2010\n\nSo easy and so delicious!!! Thank you Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(2)\n\nChefAl\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/14/2009\n\nGreat reviews. Simple and tasty. I'll use it again. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(2)\n\nLaura Litzell\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n07/12/2018\n\nI changed it from butter to half butter half olive oil. but it was yummy Read\nMore\n\nMore Reviews\n\nBack to Lobster Dipping Sauce\n\n## All Reviews for Lobster Dipping Sauce\n\n\\- of Reviews\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Share options\n\n## Nutritional Information\n\n## Lobster Dipping Sauce\n\nServings Per Recipe: 8 Calories: 207\n\n% Daily Value *\n\nprotein: 0.4g 1 %\n\ncarbohydrates: 0.9g\n\ndietary fiber: 0.1g 1 %\n\nsugars: 0.1g\n\nfat: 23g 35 %\n\nsaturated fat: 14.6g 73 %\n\ncholesterol: 61mg 20 %\n\nvitamin a iu: 719.5IU 14 %\n\nniacin equivalents: 0.1mg 1 %\n\nvitamin c: 3mg 5 %\n\nfolate: 1.8mcg 1 %\n\ncalcium: 12mg 1 %\n\niron: 0.2mg 1 %\n\nmagnesium: 2.6mg 1 %\n\npotassium: 25.7mg 1 %\n\nsodium: 164.1mg 7 %\n\ncalories from fat: 207.3\n\n*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\n\n**Nutrient information is not available for all ingredients. Amount is based\non available nutrient data.\n\n(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are\nfollowing a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or\nregistered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\n\nPowered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights\nReserved\n\n## UGC Reviews Modal\n\n### Reviews for: Photos of Lobster Dipping Sauce\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\n1 of 22\n\nAll Reviews\n\nCatlin\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/21/2009\n\nGreat recipe! So easy and we really enjoyed the flavors and it went great with\nour lobster. I can't wait to try this recipe with other seafood! Thanks for a\ngreat recipe!\n\nHelpful\n\n(59)\n\nK.K.B.\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n03/15/2011\n\nI have made this several times already. Great recipe and very easy!!! Great\nwith shrimp and crab too!!\n\nHelpful\n\n(44)\n\nLINDA MCLEAN\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n12/01/2009\n\nNothing is better than butter except when you add garlic and lemon! Not a fan\nof the cilantro so I subbed with parsley. So good and thank you!\n\nHelpful\n\n(28)\n\nCathy Lewis\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n02/18/2009\n\nMade recipe exactly as written and it is WONDERFUL! Can't wait to try it again\nwith crab legs or scallops!\n\nHelpful\n\n(7)\n\nphilly6288\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/11/2011\n\nThis went great with crab. I omitted the cilantro.\n\nHelpful\n\n(4)\n\nlgtnola\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/13/2010\n\nomg this was so delicious! especially with some garlic powder (as well as the\nminced garlic) on top of blue louisiana crabs!\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nJack\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/25/2013\n\nWe still like straight butter better this was delicious on rice.\n\nHelpful\n\n(2)\n\nBill N Cody Boness\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n03/22/2010\n\nSo easy and so delicious!!! Thank you\n\nHelpful\n\n(2)\n\nChefAl\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/14/2009\n\nGreat reviews. Simple and tasty. I'll use it again.\n\nHelpful\n\n(2)\n\nLaura Litzell\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n07/12/2018\n\nI changed it from butter to half butter half olive oil. but it was yummy\n\nLobster Dipping Sauce\n\n1 of 3 Lobster Dipping Sauce\n\nAliDot\n\nLobster Dipping Sauce\n\n2 of 3 Lobster Dipping Sauce\n\nolliesmomcooks\n\nLobster Dipping Sauce\n\n3 of 3 Lobster Dipping Sauce\n\nCatlin\n\n## Review this recipe\n\nReview this recipe\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\nCongrats! You saved Lobster Dipping Sauce to your Favorites\n\n## Login\n\nAllrecipes\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021\nMeredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy\nPolicythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new\ntab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright 2021 allrecipes.com. All rights reserved. Printed from\nhttps://www.allrecipes.com 04/25/2021\n\n## View image\n\nLobster Dipping Sauce\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n" } ]
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How To Sign a Cool Signature
If you want to sign your name with a cool signature, try making certain letters larger so that they stick out or underlining your name for a classic style. You can also use elements of calligraphy, like loops and flourishes. If you’re an athlete, you could even add your number to your signature. Finally, combine your favorite elements into one signature, then practice signing it until it feels natural.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20180822070005/http://designtaxi.com:80/news/366765/The-17-Coolest-Signatures-Of-Famous-People-Past-And-Present/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160430095951/http://www.writechoice.co.in:80/writechoice/index.php/2012/02/3-very-important-tips-to-improve-your-signature", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170622001402/http://www.onlinesignature.in/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171104231622/http://www.artofmanliness.com:80/trunk/1426/how-to-create-a-unique-and-manly-signature/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210429190420/http://www.financetwitter.com/2014/06/fifty-cool-signatures-of-worlds-rich-famous-people.html" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://designtaxi.com:80/news/366765/The-17-Coolest-Signatures-Of-Famous-People-Past-And-Present/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180822070005/http://designtaxi.com:80/news/366765/The-17-Coolest-Signatures-Of-Famous-People-Past-And-Present/", "parsed_text": { "title": "The 17 Coolest Signatures Of Famous People, Past And Present", "passages": [ "Business news website Business Insider has compiled and published a list of the 17 coolest signatures of famous people throughout history.", "In these modern times, our signatures have evolved into merely scribbling our initials or a stylized, cursive variation of how we write our name, but some of these well-known personalities have created awesome freehand signatures, including a cool illustration." ] }, "parsed_md": "The 17 Coolest Signatures Of Famous People, Past And Present - DesignTAXI.com\n\nDon't miss the latest stories\n\nAdvertise Newsletter\n\nNetwork\n\n * The Bazaar\n * The Creative Finder\n * Deals\n\nShop\n\nFollow\n\nFollow\n\nShare this\n\nMENU\n\n * Advertise with us\n * Submit tip/feedback\n * Work with us\n * Subscribe to newsletter\n * Subscribe to RSS\n\nAdvertise here\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# The 17 Coolest Signatures Of Famous People, Past And Present\n\nBy Loke Shi Ying, 29 Jun 2014\n\nShare on Facebook Twitter\n\nSubscribe to newsletter\n\nLike us on Facebook\n\nBusiness news website Business Insider has compiled and published a list of\nthe 17 coolest signatures of famous people throughout history.\n\nIn these modern times, our signatures have evolved into merely scribbling our\ninitials or a stylized, cursive variation of how we write our name, but some\nof these well-known personalities have created awesome freehand signatures,\nincluding a cool illustration.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThese signatures range from Walt Disney’s, to Kanye West, J.K. Rowling and\nBanksy.\n\nTake a look at the Business Insider’s list of 17 coolest signatures below:\n\nClick to enlarge\n\nClick to enlarge\n\n[via Business Insider]\n\nShare on Facebook Share on Twitter\n\nReceive interesting stories like this one in your inbox\n\nAdvertise here\n\nMore related news\n\nAdvertise here\n\nAlso check out these recent news\n\nTypography\n\n### Meet ‘Souvenir’ , The Typeface Known As ‘Comic Sans’ Of The 1970s\n\nCreativity\n\n### Paul Rand’s Works, Including Logos For Steve Jobs & IBM, Are Now Up For\nAuction\n\nApple\n\n### iPad Battery Explodes At Apple Store In Amsterdam, Premises Vacated\n\nAdvertising\n\n### Delta Airlines’ Latest Ad Helps Moms Prank Their Children With\nDoppelgängers\n\nBooks\n\n### Free-To-Download Design Books On Typography, UI/UX, Web Design & More\n\nToday only: Subscribe to our newsletter & download 'Useful Guides For\nDesigners' for FREE!**\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.writechoice.co.in:80/writechoice/index.php/2012/02/3-very-important-tips-to-improve-your-signature", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160430095951/http://www.writechoice.co.in:80/writechoice/index.php/2012/02/3-very-important-tips-to-improve-your-signature", "parsed_text": { "title": "3 tips for writing good signature for your name", "passages": [ "In an email a few weeks ago, a reader asked me: “What is the good signature for my name in handwriting analysis?” The question was interesting, but not easy to answer. One good signature for one name is difficult because one particular style cannot be assigned to a certain name. Each signature style is unique and usually inimitable.", "For instance, Alex can be written in 1,000 ways in a signature and it is possible that about 900 of them can be graphologically called “good”. According to signature analysis, various factors contribute to a good signature. I give here 3 tips that you need to keep in mind while choosing a signature.", "Make sure that the first letter of your name or surname is never written in lower case. The first letter in your signature should always be written in capital. Graphology says the presence of small case first letter in a signature could cause a loss of self-confidence, and fill the writer with a feeling of worthlessness.", "In an attempt to make their signature look stylish, several people introduce some unnecessary strokes in their handwriting. These unnecessary strokes may appear harmless to untrained eyes, but they may cause hindrance in your personal growth at some level. So, I reiterate: Keep the signature simple.", "According to handwriting analysis, it is necessary to maintain an equilibrium between the size of your handwriting and that of your signature. It means your signature should not be much bigger or smaller than your handwriting. Why? A signature much bigger than handwriting could sometimes indicate megalomania. On the other hand, a smaller size of signature could mean that the writer will never have the courage to speak his mind.", "good advice VH. i have in my 35 years of career as a graphonomist found that more than 90 percent of people have WRONG SIGNATURES...and they seem totally blind to it. most have never given it a thought and usually copied some impressive person in their lives or simply doing it by trial and error. sad, but true. now i have designed literally hundreds of signatures and have learned from it too. your worthy short article is another education for me and i thank you for it VH. i am also grateful for your very valuable amendments to MY signature and of a friend i sent you last year.thanks again. i would just like to add a few points to your excellent advice: 1. keep the INITIALS at least 3 times larger than the middle zone. 2. keep it all CONNECTED as far as possible.disconnected signatures are the easiest things for fraudies to copy. 3. never be afraid to go tell your bank and other institutions that you want to change your signature in their records. you have every legal right to do so and you should keep changing it. 4.your signature is your PUBLIC PROFILE, your visiting card to the world.so present it very carefully.your signature should really be TUNED to your PROFESSION and YOUR FUTURE ASPIRATIONS/PLANS. 5.avoid circles, angles (see MANMOHAN SINGH’S SIGN ON THIS SITE),flourishes,double underlines, overlines, double dotting,xing, illegiblity etc. as much as you can. 6.TAKE PROFESSIONAL HELP IN DESIGNING AND MANAGING YOUR SIGNATURE...at least once a year or when you go through a life changing experience. 7. lastly, and MOST IMPORTANT OF ALL, be aware that merely changing your handwriting and your signature ALONE would rarely work...you need to go deeper and change your entire mindset AT THE SAME TIME...or you would just be covering up your inherent faults and driving your real problems deeper and you would soon have a perfect writing and sign but the problems would surface sooner than later. ENJOY. DONALD BAXTER", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nI like you suggestion about everyone getting their signature checked at least once. It’s necessary because without realising people end up choosing something they want to avoid.", "* Jodi Michael Horner\nDonald–fascinating advice. Thank you for that. I am wondering about why to keep the initials significantly larger than the rest of the signature?", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nJodi, in graphology your first name is linked to your own estimation of yourself and self-esteem. In the first name, the first letter is even more important.: Read this article for more info: http://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2009/06/signatures/", "* Donald Baxter\nTall initials, thrice the size of the middle zone, are a healthy sign of an HEALTHY EGO...and make sure they gel with the rest of the signature and not just stand out as a sore thumb...and avoid a BIG MISTAKE I RECENTLY MADE IN MY SIGNATURE (confession of a graphonomist!?).even vishwas did not catch it when i sent it to him for a second opinion...i REVERSED THE D! unknown to me, all hell broke loose in MY LIFE...check PSYCHOLOGICAL REVERSAL on google and you would know or let me know...i might write a long article on it if BOSS VH asks me.", "* Sweta Singh\nSir i use double dots in my singnature,can u please enlight us what harm it can make", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nWhere exactly do you use the dots? Generally, the placement of two dots under an otherwise well-formed signature is considered good.", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nGet rid of the dot at the end of the signature. Retain the ones below the underscore.", "* Donald Baxter\nWOW...so many people have contributed so much to my simple advice!now, SHWETA,here is the secret of DOUBLE DOTS below the signature: this was originally designed by over-cautious folks so NOTHING MORE COULD BE ADDED after you have put the final signature to your writing.later it became a hallmark of folks who are dealing with NUMBERS/ACCOUNTS and it suits such people even NOW.the rest of us best avoid it as it is extra flourish which is just showoff, a cautious approach to life.I used the double dots without being aware of its significance for a long time and than discarded it.many successful people all over the world have great signatures...AND NO DOTS.i have even seen THREE DOTS...horror!", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nHi Donald, you are right about three dots. That shows an effort to compensate for the lack of something.", "However, in my experience, two dots form part of a healthy signature. I have not come across a case where the optional dots bring along any detrimental component. At the same time, I would like to mention here that if a signature is fine and well-formed, it is better off even without two dots. Regards...", "I very often see people whose signatures are much larger than their regular writing. I wonder if this is an American phenomenon or an attempt in general to project an air of confidence i.e. human nature.)", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nJMH, I think it’s pretty normal in all parts of the world. In fact, an an oversize signature is one of the biggest indicators of the facade the writer wears.", "* Donald Baxter\nbig ego, big signature. last year one graphonomist from bhopal went on KBC and praised AB for his BIG SIGN...without telling, naturally, that too big signatures,or initials , are ALSO a sign of INFLATED EGO! HOWEVER, it suits some people who HAVE TO LIVE LIFE KINGSIZE, like AB...but normal people best avoid it. and yes, you are right, many AMERICANS do have this trait...AFTER ALL THEY ARE ALL SHOWMAN...that is part of their culture and suits them well.YOU BE DIFFERENT,genius.", "Hello Sir, Your website is very informative. Herewith i attached my signature picture.Can you help me to analyze it and recommend some suggestion whether I need to change my signature or not. Thank you very much. Regards, K M Thilagarbabu", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nHonestly, I have not seen a signature as intriguing and interesting as yours. Thanks for sending it across. Shows you are a sharp person who does not like people to dig deep into his life.", "This is illegibility at its peak, despite the fact that you hardly scribble. For how long have you been using this signature?", "* Thilagarbabu Kandhallu\nSir, I have been using this signature since 2004-05. I just gone through my older documents....over a period of time i experienced gradual changes in my signature. Should i need to make any changes in it ??? thanks in advance.", "* Donald Baxter\nyes, yes, YES.i have a friend, a senior executive, in delhi whose sign is the only one i have seen matching yours.all those ANGLES are the problem...sharp edges are like broken glasses, they hurt like hell.bring in smooth curves and enjoy a smooth life.", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nI agree with you, Donald. These are like rough edges and the worst part is that people around the writer feel it more than the writer himself. If a boss has such a handwriting, it will be difficult for people to work with him. He might make others’ lives miserable.", "pls recommend me a simple signature,i use this one(file attached). My name is Bhanu Pratap Soni, i desperately need help, since i’m gonna turn 18 in a few months & this one embarasses me.", "Sir can you analyse my signature i’m bit confused about it.. I have searched your whole blog but haven’t found the one of my kind.", "Hello Sir and thanks for the information you have given me..But sir can you analyse my signature i’m bit confused about it.. I have searched your whole blog but haven’t found the one of my kind.", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nTapnesh, your signature says you come across as someone who is very confident and can overcome worries and tackle challenges with a lot of confidence.", "You like people to know about you and pay you a great deal of attention. One one your positive points is your ability to add a touch of philosophy in your conversations attract attention of the listeners.", "Tapnesh, your signature also shows that often you start hurting your own achievements. In other words, without your realising, your decisions sometimes end up destructing some very good things you have done.", "In order to understand your signature more, I need to understand your stroke formations. That can happen only when we meet in person.", "* Tapnesh Mishra\nOkay thank you very much sir for this. So sir does this signature appear as good one to you ???? Sir i know no one’s character can’t be classified as good or bad but i all i’m asking you is that is this signature appearing a strong powerful person.", "* Donald Baxter\nstorong, yes. powerful , yes. and power corrupts too. remember the latin proverb: CORRUPTIO OPTIMA PESSIMA=when the best is corrupted, it becomes the worst.and you can quote shakespeare also: nothing is good or bad, but thinking makes it so.", "* Tapnesh Mishra\nSir my friend asked me to ask you am i a good leader(Boss)... can you check this one.", "* Donald Baxter\nbe a LEADER, NOT A BOSS! yes you live life on a BIG SCALE...but watch out for being bossy and arrogant. seen that ARROGANT AD ON TV?", "* Donald Baxter\nTAPESH , i agree with all that VH has said about your signature, and i would add this: your signature needs a major overhaul.those criss crosses need to go, ban all the slashes too, are you using a pen or a sword? you are self- destroying for sure.slant is also towards the left...a no no.is that your surname under TAPESH? this double decker sign is also not going to suit you...and the tall p in taPesh is crying to be removed.T in TAPESH has morphed into something else...are you trying to be someone you are not in real life? yes, you sure have a UNIQUE SIGN, a bad one! i would like to see your writing, your old signatures and know your profession to advice you to get the best out of life.get in touch fast.", "1 can I put My name followed by initials of husband and surname like purviJD (undrline)any thing important to be known before inalizing signature?", "* Donald Baxter\nsure...you can...just gots to show a few nice things to us graphonomists: you are a SOUTH INDIAN (hahaha), you have more faith in yourself, an independent thinker BUT...with storong roots and family ties....and a lot more. i would prefer to see an actual sample before saying more.", "I’ve tried to determine the meaning of why the last letter in my signature turns down. Generally I do not make the letter “r” the way I do for the last letter of my last name (which is Horner.) Instead of the “r” having a fully- formed shape it is something of a point (but not super sharp point) and the end of the letter doesn’t turn up at all, it stays down but does not dip below the baseline. I am certain this means something but I can’t figure out what! Any ideas?", "I find your signature quite elegant. You are indeed a very confident & non- conflicing person who is quite happy-go-lucky. You are quite nice with words.", "I recommend no change in your signature. Just remove the dot after the middle name (M) in your signature. All the best.", "And I do not wish to comment on a particular letter. I have the full handwriting, so I will comment on it as a whole. An unfinished r sometimes indicates the writer is not too observant and tends to make the same mistake twice over....", "* Jodi\nYou seem to have really pegged me! I am sure that isn’t a surprise to you. 🙂 I was getting to the point of worrying about that ending “r.” I actually think you may be correct about that “making the same mistake twice over...” so perhaps I shall work to change the r, even though it feels unnatural to me. I’m 41 and don’t have time to waste!", "* Jodi\nPS I am happy to remove the dot after the M, I am not informed as to the reason however?", "* Donald Baxter\nsure...the last letter of the signature SHOULD NOT TURN DOWN...it should go curvy and a little up...LIKE A HEALTHY DOG’S HAPPY TAIL! this creates GENEROUSITY...a positive trait.so incorporate it anyway you like.", "hi my name is rohit padte, age 30, I am in a profession of hospitality, I am A chef, just let me know if my signature suits me", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nYou are a very sensitive person, Rohit. And you want to be considered different all the time.", "Hi, Sir.. My name is Aditya Sharma, i am an engineer+MBA n working for an automation company.Can You Please analyze my signature and let me know whether it needs to be changed or not coz i have been thinking of changing my signature since long now and your guidance would be of great help for me.", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nYour lack of confidence won’t let you grow, Aditya. You underestimate yourself a lot. You need to urgently deal with this issue.", "I can’t discuss things in much detail here, but you may start by enlarging the size of your signature. Just make it double. And remove all three dots.", "* Aditya Sharma\nThanks a lot for your suggestions sir...how can v discuss about it in detail..please let me know.", "Hello Sir Is it advisable to have a signature in which the name is not clearly readable or it does not matter whether one can read the full name from the signature or not?", "You do not like it at all if any suggestions that are contrary to your views are brought forward by anyone.", "sir, my name is shaguna mishra . will u please tell about my signatur. sorry i was nt able to upload my sig. pic yestrday...", "Reduce the size of your first letter by at least 50% and avoid putting a dot at the end of the signature.", "* shaguna\nthank you sir can you tell me what this big letter S is indicating which is not good..?", "If you wish to know what the big letter indicates, you must join our handwriting analysis class, which starts from July.", "hi sir! I am Minal Jadhav. Can you pls analyse my signature for me? also can you suggest changes if any as i want to change my signature. Thank You", "And if you wish to know why you should make these changes, do consider joining our handwriting analysis class, which starts from July.", "sir i had doubt regarding to my singnature i use doulbe lines and double round is it good are bad", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nThis needs to be changed, Veena. Remove one line and replace the circles at the bottom with two dots.", "I am Devendra Barala, pursuing graduation in Geography Honors. I read all blogs placed in this sites, learnt a lot. Please analyse my signature. Thanks.", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nWe have sent you an email in this regard. You may also visit this page for more: http://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2013/08/now-you-can- correct-your-signature-for-just-rs-499-hurry-up/", "* Write Choice\nWe have sent you an email in this regard. For more, please visit this page: http://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2013/08/now-you-can- correct-your-signature-for-just-rs-499-hurry-up/", "SIR I HAVE A VERY RIDICULOUS SIGNATURE. I FEEL SO EMBARASSED TO SIGN ANY DOCUMENT. PLEASE HELP ME. JUST LET ME A COOL SIGN FOR MY NAME NIMESH", "Hey Vishwas, I would really appreciate if you can analyse my handwriting. I have changed some strokes in my hadwriting over a month and don’t know why but it changed my whole handwriting.", "* Vishwas Heathhcliff\nThat’s great to hear, Ananya. Why don’t you share with us the changes you felt after effecting the three elements.", "Hello Sir, I’m madhushree pursuing my graduation in bcom and also working in a company as a trainee.. ive attached my signature request you to pls analyse and give your feedback.. tks", "Hello Sir I’m Ujjwal Shekhar, age 11 years . Can you please analyze my sign (which I feel is one of a kind ) . Suggest me any changes for it .", "I am Rohit, some of my friends say that I should work on my signature to give a better impression on others, so here i am uploading my signature, could you please analyse it and suggest me some changes.", "My handwriting is so naturally tiny that my signature HAS to be way larger, otherwise who could read it? I spend a lot of time handwriting, rather than typing on keyboards. I like writing things out. I rarely sign things, and even more rarely sign the same pages that Ive written. When I do, however, Id say the name is around 3 to4 times larger than the rest. I also have had trouble trying to make my name look fancier or nicer, because the letters keep repeating over again- 3 As in first name- 3 Cs in last name. Start with an A is hard to make look right also, unlike an L which can be fancier or an M with lots of variance.", "hello sir / I am Mohd Rafiq khan i say my your signature is not good . i can do request to you . can you please analyze about my signature some different .", "Hello Sir, My Name is Prem Arockiaswamy. X As I am new to this discussion I have some doubt and even am an very straight forward and hard worker, I didn’t even get any appreciation and promotion in my current company, and I want to change my signature. Tell me your suggestion.", "Welcome to Write Choice, India's first interactive portal on handwriting analysis. I am Vishwas Heathhcliff, a handwriting analyst and a columnist with Handwriting University. Connect with me on Google Plus", "abusive relationship analysis of narendra modi's signature autograph Bad relationships change handwriting depression in handwriting graphologist graphology Graphology in Mumbai graphotherapy Handwriting Analysis handwriting analysis and relationships handwriting analysis letter y letter g handwriting analysis personality handwriting analysis tips handwriting and career handwriting and hiring handwriting of liars handwriting size how graphotherapy works how to change signature learn graphology learn handwriting analysis left margin lies in handwriting loops in letter d lower zone letters Low self- esteem Marital compatibility paranoia Partner compatibility handwriting personality personality and handwriting personality traits pointed middle zone letters in handwriting right slant of handwriting Self-esteem signature signature analysis signature size small handwriting Suicidal Tendency t-bar temper strokes wide word spacing in graphology" ] }, "parsed_md": "3 tips for writing good signature for your name\n\nx\n\nApril 23, 2016\n\nFacebook Twitter Pinterest RSS E-mail\n\nPosted on February 1, 2012 by Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\n# 3 important signature tips to boost your confidence level\n\nIn an email a few weeks ago, a reader asked me: “What is the good signature\nfor my name in handwriting analysis?” The question was interesting, but not\neasy to answer. One good signature for one name is difficult because one\nparticular style cannot be assigned to a certain name. Each signature style is\nunique and usually inimitable.\n\nFor instance, Alex can be written in 1,000 ways in a signature and it is\npossible that about 900 of them can be graphologically called “good”.\nAccording to signature analysis, various factors contribute to a good\nsignature. I give here 3 tips that you need to keep in mind while choosing a\nsignature.\n\nAlso Read: Signature Analysis tips: 5 dangerous signature styles you must\navoid\n\n## 1) Capital letters in signature\n\nMake sure that the first letter of your name or surname is never written in\nlower case. The first letter in your signature should always be written in\ncapital. Graphology says the presence of small case first letter in a\nsignature could cause a loss of self-confidence, and fill the writer with a\nfeeling of worthlessness.\n\n(Also read: What all caps handwriting reveals about personality)\n\n## 2) Keep your signature style simple\n\nIn an attempt to make their signature look stylish, several people introduce\nsome unnecessary strokes in their handwriting. These unnecessary strokes may\nappear harmless to untrained eyes, but they may cause hindrance in your\npersonal growth at some level. So, I reiterate: Keep the signature simple.\n\n(Also read: What large handwriting says about personality)\n\n## 3) Size of the signature\n\nAccording to handwriting analysis, it is necessary to maintain an equilibrium\nbetween the size of your handwriting and that of your signature. It means your\nsignature should not be much bigger or smaller than your handwriting. Why? A\nsignature much bigger than handwriting could sometimes indicate megalomania.\nOn the other hand, a smaller size of signature could mean that the writer will\nnever have the courage to speak his mind.\n\n(Also read: My signature is bigger than my handwriting. What does it mean?)\n\nDo you want us to take a look at your signature? Click here\n\n© 2012 – 2015, Write Choice. All rights reserved.\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Do your friends call you a miser? Are you truly one? Find out from your own handwriting sample\n * Easy guide to understand what all your handwriting reveals about you: More than 5,000 personality traits\n * My signature is bigger than my handwriting. What does it mean?\n * Check out 2 strokes your partner’s handwriting should not have\n\n### Show some love\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google\n * Pinterest\n * Email\n * More\n\n * Reddit\n * LinkedIn\n * Print\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\nSignature Analysis\n\nTagged good signature, graphology, Handwriting Analysis, handwriting analysis\ntips, personality and handwriting, signature analysis tips, signature style\n\n * donaldbaxter\n\ngood advice VH. i have in my 35 years of career as a graphonomist found that\nmore than 90 percent of people have WRONG SIGNATURES...and they seem totally\nblind to it. most have never given it a thought and usually copied some\nimpressive person in their lives or simply doing it by trial and error. sad,\nbut true. now i have designed literally hundreds of signatures and have\nlearned from it too. your worthy short article is another education for me and\ni thank you for it VH. i am also grateful for your very valuable amendments to\nMY signature and of a friend i sent you last year.thanks again. i would just\nlike to add a few points to your excellent advice: 1. keep the INITIALS at\nleast 3 times larger than the middle zone. 2. keep it all CONNECTED as far as\npossible.disconnected signatures are the easiest things for fraudies to copy.\n3. never be afraid to go tell your bank and other institutions that you want\nto change your signature in their records. you have every legal right to do so\nand you should keep changing it. 4.your signature is your PUBLIC PROFILE, your\nvisiting card to the world.so present it very carefully.your signature should\nreally be TUNED to your PROFESSION and YOUR FUTURE ASPIRATIONS/PLANS. 5.avoid\ncircles, angles (see MANMOHAN SINGH’S SIGN ON THIS SITE),flourishes,double\nunderlines, overlines, double dotting,xing, illegiblity etc. as much as you\ncan. 6.TAKE PROFESSIONAL HELP IN DESIGNING AND MANAGING YOUR SIGNATURE...at\nleast once a year or when you go through a life changing experience. 7.\nlastly, and MOST IMPORTANT OF ALL, be aware that merely changing your\nhandwriting and your signature ALONE would rarely work...you need to go deeper\nand change your entire mindset AT THE SAME TIME...or you would just be\ncovering up your inherent faults and driving your real problems deeper and you\nwould soon have a perfect writing and sign but the problems would surface\nsooner than later. ENJOY. DONALD BAXTER\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nI like you suggestion about everyone getting their signature checked at least\nonce. It’s necessary because without realising people end up choosing\nsomething they want to avoid.\n\nAs always, thanks for the inputs, Donald.\n\n * donaldbaxter\n\nmugambo kkkhush hua!\n\n * Jodi Michael Horner\n\nDonald–fascinating advice. Thank you for that. I am wondering about why to\nkeep the initials significantly larger than the rest of the signature?\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nJodi, in graphology your first name is linked to your own estimation of\nyourself and self-esteem. In the first name, the first letter is even more\nimportant.: Read this article for more info:\nhttp://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2009/06/signatures/\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nTall initials, thrice the size of the middle zone, are a healthy sign of an\nHEALTHY EGO...and make sure they gel with the rest of the signature and not\njust stand out as a sore thumb...and avoid a BIG MISTAKE I RECENTLY MADE IN MY\nSIGNATURE (confession of a graphonomist!?).even vishwas did not catch it when\ni sent it to him for a second opinion...i REVERSED THE D! unknown to me, all\nhell broke loose in MY LIFE...check PSYCHOLOGICAL REVERSAL on google and you\nwould know or let me know...i might write a long article on it if BOSS VH asks\nme.\n\n * Sweta Singh\n\nSir i use double dots in my singnature,can u please enlight us what harm it\ncan make\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nWhere exactly do you use the dots? Generally, the placement of two dots under\nan otherwise well-formed signature is considered good.\n\n * Sweta Singh\n\nSir i use dots below an underscore and end of the last letter of my\nsingnature.\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nGet rid of the dot at the end of the signature. Retain the ones below the\nunderscore.\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nWOW...so many people have contributed so much to my simple advice!now,\nSHWETA,here is the secret of DOUBLE DOTS below the signature: this was\noriginally designed by over-cautious folks so NOTHING MORE COULD BE ADDED\nafter you have put the final signature to your writing.later it became a\nhallmark of folks who are dealing with NUMBERS/ACCOUNTS and it suits such\npeople even NOW.the rest of us best avoid it as it is extra flourish which is\njust showoff, a cautious approach to life.I used the double dots without being\naware of its significance for a long time and than discarded it.many\nsuccessful people all over the world have great signatures...AND NO DOTS.i\nhave even seen THREE DOTS...horror!\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nHi Donald, you are right about three dots. That shows an effort to compensate\nfor the lack of something.\n\nHowever, in my experience, two dots form part of a healthy signature. I have\nnot come across a case where the optional dots bring along any detrimental\ncomponent. At the same time, I would like to mention here that if a signature\nis fine and well-formed, it is better off even without two dots. Regards...\n\n * Sweta Singh\n\nThanks alot for ur vaulable reply sir..\n\n * JMH\n\nI very often see people whose signatures are much larger than their regular\nwriting. I wonder if this is an American phenomenon or an attempt in general\nto project an air of confidence i.e. human nature.)\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nJMH, I think it’s pretty normal in all parts of the world. In fact, an an\noversize signature is one of the biggest indicators of the facade the writer\nwears.\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nbig ego, big signature. last year one graphonomist from bhopal went on KBC and\npraised AB for his BIG SIGN...without telling, naturally, that too big\nsignatures,or initials , are ALSO a sign of INFLATED EGO! HOWEVER, it suits\nsome people who HAVE TO LIVE LIFE KINGSIZE, like AB...but normal people best\navoid it. and yes, you are right, many AMERICANS do have this trait...AFTER\nALL THEY ARE ALL SHOWMAN...that is part of their culture and suits them\nwell.YOU BE DIFFERENT,genius.\n\n * Thilagarbabu Kandhallu\n\nHello Sir, Your website is very informative. Herewith i attached my signature\npicture.Can you help me to analyze it and recommend some suggestion whether I\nneed to change my signature or not. Thank you very much. Regards, K M\nThilagarbabu\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nHonestly, I have not seen a signature as intriguing and interesting as yours.\nThanks for sending it across. Shows you are a sharp person who does not like\npeople to dig deep into his life.\n\nThis is illegibility at its peak, despite the fact that you hardly scribble.\nFor how long have you been using this signature?\n\n * Thilagarbabu Kandhallu\n\nSir, I have been using this signature since 2004-05. I just gone through my\nolder documents....over a period of time i experienced gradual changes in my\nsignature. Should i need to make any changes in it ??? thanks in advance.\n\nRegards, K M Thilagarbabu\n\n * Write Choice\n\nI think you need to change your signature. First bring out legibility in it.\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nyes, yes, YES.i have a friend, a senior executive, in delhi whose sign is the\nonly one i have seen matching yours.all those ANGLES are the problem...sharp\nedges are like broken glasses, they hurt like hell.bring in smooth curves and\nenjoy a smooth life.\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nI agree with you, Donald. These are like rough edges and the worst part is\nthat people around the writer feel it more than the writer himself. If a boss\nhas such a handwriting, it will be difficult for people to work with him. He\nmight make others’ lives miserable.\n\n * Bhanu Pratap Soni\n\npls recommend me a simple signature,i use this one(file attached). My name is\nBhanu Pratap Soni, i desperately need help, since i’m gonna turn 18 in a few\nmonths & this one embarasses me.\n\n * Write Choice\n\nHello Bhanu Pratap, we cannot find your signature. Please upload again.\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nwhere is the file?\n\n * Bhanu Pratap Soni\n\ncurrent signatures\n\n * Tapnesh\n\nSir can you analyse my signature i’m bit confused about it.. I have searched\nyour whole blog but haven’t found the one of my kind.\n\n * Tapnesh Mishra\n\nHello Sir and thanks for the information you have given me..But sir can you\nanalyse my signature i’m bit confused about it.. I have searched your whole\nblog but haven’t found the one of my kind.\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nTapnesh, your signature says you come across as someone who is very confident\nand can overcome worries and tackle challenges with a lot of confidence.\n\nYou like people to know about you and pay you a great deal of attention. One\none your positive points is your ability to add a touch of philosophy in your\nconversations attract attention of the listeners.\n\nTapnesh, your signature also shows that often you start hurting your own\nachievements. In other words, without your realising, your decisions sometimes\nend up destructing some very good things you have done.\n\nIn order to understand your signature more, I need to understand your stroke\nformations. That can happen only when we meet in person.\n\n * Tapnesh Mishra\n\nOkay thank you very much sir for this. So sir does this signature appear as\ngood one to you ???? Sir i know no one’s character can’t be classified as good\nor bad but i all i’m asking you is that is this signature appearing a strong\npowerful person.\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nstorong, yes. powerful , yes. and power corrupts too. remember the latin\nproverb: CORRUPTIO OPTIMA PESSIMA=when the best is corrupted, it becomes the\nworst.and you can quote shakespeare also: nothing is good or bad, but thinking\nmakes it so.\n\n * Tapnesh Mishra\n\nSir my friend asked me to ask you am i a good leader(Boss)... can you check\nthis one.\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nbe a LEADER, NOT A BOSS! yes you live life on a BIG SCALE...but watch out for\nbeing bossy and arrogant. seen that ARROGANT AD ON TV?\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nTAPESH , i agree with all that VH has said about your signature, and i would\nadd this: your signature needs a major overhaul.those criss crosses need to\ngo, ban all the slashes too, are you using a pen or a sword? you are self-\ndestroying for sure.slant is also towards the left...a no no.is that your\nsurname under TAPESH? this double decker sign is also not going to suit\nyou...and the tall p in taPesh is crying to be removed.T in TAPESH has morphed\ninto something else...are you trying to be someone you are not in real life?\nyes, you sure have a UNIQUE SIGN, a bad one! i would like to see your writing,\nyour old signatures and know your profession to advice you to get the best out\nof life.get in touch fast.\n\n * purvi\n\n1 can I put My name followed by initials of husband and surname like purviJD\n(undrline)any thing important to be known before inalizing signature?\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nsure...you can...just gots to show a few nice things to us graphonomists: you\nare a SOUTH INDIAN (hahaha), you have more faith in yourself, an independent\nthinker BUT...with storong roots and family ties....and a lot more. i would\nprefer to see an actual sample before saying more.\n\n * Enfpjodi\n\nI’ve tried to determine the meaning of why the last letter in my signature\nturns down. Generally I do not make the letter “r” the way I do for the last\nletter of my last name (which is Horner.) Instead of the “r” having a fully-\nformed shape it is something of a point (but not super sharp point) and the\nend of the letter doesn’t turn up at all, it stays down but does not dip below\nthe baseline. I am certain this means something but I can’t figure out what!\nAny ideas?\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nI am afraid I can’t say anything without seeing the handwriting.\n\n * Enfpjodi\n\nA sample from today.\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\n@Enfpjodi\n\nI find your signature quite elegant. You are indeed a very confident & non-\nconflicing person who is quite happy-go-lucky. You are quite nice with words.\n\nI recommend no change in your signature. Just remove the dot after the middle\nname (M) in your signature. All the best.\n\nAnd I do not wish to comment on a particular letter. I have the full\nhandwriting, so I will comment on it as a whole. An unfinished r sometimes\nindicates the writer is not too observant and tends to make the same mistake\ntwice over....\n\n * Jodi\n\nYou seem to have really pegged me! I am sure that isn’t a surprise to you. 🙂 I\nwas getting to the point of worrying about that ending “r.” I actually think\nyou may be correct about that “making the same mistake twice over...” so\nperhaps I shall work to change the r, even though it feels unnatural to me.\nI’m 41 and don’t have time to waste!\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nJodi, there is no need to change ‘R’. Not all letters need to be changed.\n\n * Jodi\n\nPS I am happy to remove the dot after the M, I am not informed as to the\nreason however?\n\n * Donald Baxter\n\nsure...the last letter of the signature SHOULD NOT TURN DOWN...it should go\ncurvy and a little up...LIKE A HEALTHY DOG’S HAPPY TAIL! this creates\nGENEROUSITY...a positive trait.so incorporate it anyway you like.\n\n * rohit padte\n\nhi my name is rohit padte, age 30, I am in a profession of hospitality, I am A\nchef, just let me know if my signature suits me\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nYou are a very sensitive person, Rohit. And you want to be considered\ndifferent all the time.\n\nSome changes are required in your signature. But I won’t recommend any without\nseeing your handwriting first.\n\nAll the best!\n\n * shyamaneja\n\nThanks for your giving the tips for type of letters for prospectus of\nindiviuals.\n\n * Aditya Sharma\n\nHi, Sir.. My name is Aditya Sharma, i am an engineer+MBA n working for an\nautomation company.Can You Please analyze my signature and let me know whether\nit needs to be changed or not coz i have been thinking of changing my\nsignature since long now and your guidance would be of great help for me.\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nYour lack of confidence won’t let you grow, Aditya. You underestimate yourself\na lot. You need to urgently deal with this issue.\n\nI can’t discuss things in much detail here, but you may start by enlarging the\nsize of your signature. Just make it double. And remove all three dots.\n\nAll the best.\n\n * Aditya Sharma\n\nThanks a lot for your suggestions sir...how can v discuss about it in\ndetail..please let me know.\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nAditya, please send an email to info@writechoice.co.in\n\n * Isha\n\nHello Sir Is it advisable to have a signature in which the name is not clearly\nreadable or it does not matter whether one can read the full name from the\nsignature or not?\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nHello Isha,\n\nIdeally a signature should be legible i.e. readable.\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nHello Tapnesh,\n\nYou do not like it at all if any suggestions that are contrary to your views\nare brought forward by anyone.\n\nAs Donald Baxter has said your signature needs a complete overhaul.\n\n * shaguna\n\nhello sir my name is shaguna mishra. will u plz tell me about my signature\n\n * Shaguna\n\nsir, my name is shaguna mishra . will u please tell about my signatur. sorry i\nwas nt able to upload my sig. pic yestrday...\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nHello Shaguna,\n\nReduce the size of your first letter by at least 50% and avoid putting a dot\nat the end of the signature.\n\nAll the best!\n\n * shaguna\n\nthank you sir can you tell me what this big letter S is indicating which is\nnot good..?\n\n * Write Choice\n\nHello Shaguna,\n\nIf you wish to know what the big letter indicates, you must join our\nhandwriting analysis class, which starts from July.\n\nDetails here:\n\nhttp://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2013/06/special-\nhandwriting-analysis-class-starts-next-month-grab-a-seat-now/\n\n * Bonshe\n\nhello sir, i am bonshe mishra dis is my sig plz tell sumthng about it\n\n(Note: i dnt make these smileys with it! )\n\n * Minal Jadhav\n\nhi sir! I am Minal Jadhav. Can you pls analyse my signature for me? also can\nyou suggest changes if any as i want to change my signature. Thank You\n\n * Minal Jadhav\n\nAlso sometimes the line is connected to v and come backs and again goes\nforward.\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nHello Minal,\n\nYou must get your signature changed. First, remove the camouflage over the\nfirst letter. And increase the size.\n\nAnd if you wish to know why you should make these changes, do consider joining\nour handwriting analysis class, which starts from July.\n\nDetails here:\nhttp://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2013/06/special-\nhandwriting-analysis-class-starts-next-month-grab-a-seat-now/\n\n * haritha\n\nsir,is dis sign gud or bad??? can u analyse me by seeing dis???\n\n * veena\n\nsir i had doubt regarding to my singnature i use doulbe lines and double round\nis it good are bad\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nDouble underlines should be avoided. I did not understand what you meant by\n‘double rounds’\n\n * veena\n\nthis is my signature it is good are bad\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nThis needs to be changed, Veena. Remove one line and replace the circles at\nthe bottom with two dots.\n\nAll the best!\n\n * Write Choice\n\nFor more suggestions and elaborate analysis, please send an email to\ninfo@writechoice.co.in\n\n * haritha\n\nsir,is dis sign gud or bad??? can u analyse me by seeing dis???\n\n * Devendra Barala\n\nHi Sir,\n\nI am Devendra Barala, pursuing graduation in Geography Honors. I read all\nblogs placed in this sites, learnt a lot. Please analyse my signature. Thanks.\n\n * Rohith Reddy\n\nHi Sir,\n\nI am Rohith Reddy pursuing graduation in civil engineering.Please suggest me a\nsignature.\n\nthanks\n\n * Anandhi\n\nhi sir, I am Anandhi, pursuing graduate. please suggest me a signature\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nWe have sent you an email in this regard. You may also visit this page for\nmore: http://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2013/08/now-you-can-\ncorrect-your-signature-for-just-rs-499-hurry-up/\n\n * Write Choice\n\nWe have sent you an email in this regard. For more, please visit this page:\nhttp://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2013/08/now-you-can-\ncorrect-your-signature-for-just-rs-499-hurry-up/\n\n * atul vaishnav\n\nHI SIR, PLZ SUGGEST ME HOW TO MAKE A UNICKE AND STYLISH SINGNETURE\n\n * Nimesh\n\nSIR I HAVE A VERY RIDICULOUS SIGNATURE. I FEEL SO EMBARASSED TO SIGN ANY\nDOCUMENT. PLEASE HELP ME.\n\n * Nimesh\n\nSIR I HAVE A VERY RIDICULOUS SIGNATURE. I FEEL SO EMBARASSED TO SIGN ANY\nDOCUMENT. PLEASE HELP ME. JUST LET ME A COOL SIGN FOR MY NAME NIMESH\n\n * rahul walanj\n\nsir i have my two sign but i want to choose one what should i do\n\n * Guest\n\nHey Vishwas, I would really appreciate if you can analyse my handwriting. I\nhave changed some strokes in my hadwriting over a month and don’t know why but\nit changed my whole handwriting.\n\n * Ananya\n\ngreat post! Some body told told me these 3 points long back !and I still\nfollow these!and it works!\n\n * Vishwas Heathhcliff\n\nThat’s great to hear, Ananya. Why don’t you share with us the changes you felt\nafter effecting the three elements.\n\n * neelam ashok kumar\n\nHi sir I am ashok kumar, plz sir suggest me for signature\n\n * vinod.a.s\n\nplzz suggest me a lucky sign my name is Vinod.A.S\n\n * prashant pundkar\n\nplease suggest that is my signature is right or need to improve in it.\n\n * Satish vishwakrma\n\nHi sir I am Satish vishwakarma, plz sir suggest me for signature\n\n * Madhushri\n\nHello Sir, I’m madhushree pursuing my graduation in bcom and also working in a\ncompany as a trainee.. ive attached my signature request you to pls analyse\nand give your feedback.. tks\n\n * Ujjwal Shekhar\n\nHello Sir I’m Ujjwal Shekhar, age 11 years . Can you please analyze my sign\n(which I feel is one of a kind ) . Suggest me any changes for it .\n\nRegards\n\n * Rohit Dhiman\n\nHello Sir,\n\nI am Rohit, some of my friends say that I should work on my signature to give\na better impression on others, so here i am uploading my signature, could you\nplease analyse it and suggest me some changes.\n\nThank You\n\n * Write Choice\n\nDear Rohit, for signature analysis, please visit this page:\nhttp://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2013/08/now-you-can-\ncorrect-your-signature-for-just-rs-1499-hurry-up/\n\n * Alana\n\nMy handwriting is so naturally tiny that my signature HAS to be way larger,\notherwise who could read it? I spend a lot of time handwriting, rather than\ntyping on keyboards. I like writing things out. I rarely sign things, and even\nmore rarely sign the same pages that Ive written. When I do, however, Id say\nthe name is around 3 to4 times larger than the rest. I also have had trouble\ntrying to make my name look fancier or nicer, because the letters keep\nrepeating over again- 3 As in first name- 3 Cs in last name. Start with an A\nis hard to make look right also, unlike an L which can be fancier or an M with\nlots of variance.\n\n * atul Mali\n\nplease suggest sign for name — Atul Mali\n\n * Jitendraj Jitu\n\nThis is my signature.is it alright ?\n\n * Jitendraj Jitu\n\nany suggestion ?\n\n * mohd rafiq\n\nhello sir / I am Mohd Rafiq khan i say my your signature is not good . i can\ndo request to you . can you please analyze about my signature some different .\n\n * Prem Arockiaswamy X\n\nHello Sir, My Name is Prem Arockiaswamy. X As I am new to this discussion I\nhave some doubt and even am an very straight forward and hard worker, I didn’t\neven get any appreciation and promotion in my current company, and I want to\nchange my signature. Tell me your suggestion.\n\nHere I have attached my signature for your reference.\n\n * Write Choice\n\nDear sir, please visit this link for signature analysis:\nhttp://www.writechoice.co.in/writechoice/index.php/2013/08/now-you-can-\ncorrect-your-signature-for-just-rs-1499-hurry-up/\n\n * RdWd\n\nThere are no rules to signature writing. This post is just speculative\nthinking.\n\nMeet the author\n\nWelcome to Write Choice, India's first interactive portal on handwriting\nanalysis. I am Vishwas Heathhcliff, a handwriting analyst and a columnist with\nHandwriting University. Connect with me on Google Plus\n\nSubscribe to Blog via Email\n\nFollow us on Twitter\n\nFollow @write_choice\n\nRecent Posts\n\n * Handwriting Analysis: Can your handwriting make you smarter?\n * Does your perfume reveal more about your personality than your handwriting?\n * Priyanka Chopra’s signature analysis will reveal whether she is arrogant or confident\n * Are you an alert person? Your signature will tell\n * Improve memory power with handwritten notes\n\nTestimonials\n\nRead what people who got their handwriting analysed by us have to say about\nWrite Choice.\n\nMost Read\n\n * Handwriting analysis tips: 5 dangerous signature styles you must definitely avoid\n\n * 3 important signature tips to boost your confidence level\n\n * Handwriting in all capital: Why people write in block letters\n\n * 10 signature styles that can bring trouble for you; change them now!\n\n * What small handwriting reveals about the writer's attitude\n\n * Handwriting slant reveals why some people show no emotion\n\n * What large handwriting means and what it says about your personality\n\nSuggested Topics\n\nabusive relationship analysis of narendra modi's signature autograph Bad\nrelationships change handwriting depression in handwriting graphologist\ngraphology Graphology in Mumbai graphotherapy Handwriting Analysis handwriting\nanalysis and relationships handwriting analysis letter y letter g handwriting\nanalysis personality handwriting analysis tips handwriting and career\nhandwriting and hiring handwriting of liars handwriting size how graphotherapy\nworks how to change signature learn graphology learn handwriting analysis left\nmargin lies in handwriting loops in letter d lower zone letters Low self-\nesteem Marital compatibility paranoia Partner compatibility handwriting\npersonality personality and handwriting personality traits pointed middle zone\nletters in handwriting right slant of handwriting Self-esteem signature\nsignature analysis signature size small handwriting Suicidal Tendency t-bar\ntemper strokes wide word spacing in graphology\n\n© Write Choice\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.onlinesignature.in/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170622001402/http://www.onlinesignature.in/", "parsed_text": { "title": "OnlineSignature.in: Make your Own Digital Signatures Online", "passages": [ "creator tool. No downloads or plugins required and easy to create your personal handwritten digital signature in few steps. Use your electronic signature in Forms, Emails, Websites, Blogs, Forums, Word Docs, PDFs, etc." ] }, "parsed_md": "OnlineSignature.in: Make your Own Digital Signatures Online\n\n### Live Signature Maker\n\n### Handwriting Signature\n\n### Fun and Fancy Signatures\n\n### Animated Signatures\n\n### Name Logo Maker\n\n# The Best, Easiest and Faster Online Signature Generator\n\n## Create and generate your custom e-signature live using our online signature\ncreator tool. No downloads or plugins required and easy to create your\npersonal handwritten digital signature in few steps. Use your electronic\nsignature in Forms, Emails, Websites, Blogs, Forums, Word Docs, PDFs, etc.\n\n### Live Signature Maker\n\nUse signature creator to create a personal signature personal which you can\nuse on websites, blogs and emails.\n\nCreate Now\n\n### Handwriting Signature\n\nCreate your own handwritten personal signature, using the mouse as a pen, with\nour online signature pad.\n\nWrite Now\n\n### 13 Fun and Fancy Signatures\n\nCreate Fancy And fun signature.\n\nClick Now\n\n### Animated Signatures\n\nCreate Animated Signature\n\nClick Now\n\n### Name Logo Maker\n\nCreate Animated Signature\n\nClick Now\n\n5552kSignatures created\n\nOnline Signature Tool Copyright © 2013-2017 onlinesignature.in.All rights\nreserved Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.artofmanliness.com:80/trunk/1426/how-to-create-a-unique-and-manly-signature/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171104231622/http://www.artofmanliness.com:80/trunk/1426/how-to-create-a-unique-and-manly-signature/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Create a Unique and Manly Signature", "passages": [ "After Christian Chensvold received a handwritten note from author Tom Wolfe, complete with Wolfe’s manly signature, he was inspired to improve his handwriting and create his own signature signature. So he turned to a NYC- based calligraphy expert for help and some tips on how to do so, which he shares in this fun article.", "The internet is a big place. A man can waste a lot of time searching for the manliest stuff the web has to offer. Let us do the searching for you. The AoM Trunk is a collection of cool stuff that we find while wandering the vast deserts of the world wide web. Like your grandpa's old trunk, the AoM Trunk is full of manly photos, films, and accouterments. Check back daily for new, manly finds." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Create a Unique and Manly Signature\n\nThe Trunk | The Art of Manliness\n\nThe Manliest Stuff on the Internet\n\n * Home\n * A Man’s Life\n * Dressing & Grooming\n * Health & Sports\n * Manly Skills\n * Money and Career\n * Relationships & Family\n\n * Manvotionals Book\n * Community\n * Shop\n * The Trunk\n * Man Knowledge\n\nTweet\n\n# How to Create a Unique and Manly Signature\n\nAfter Christian Chensvold received a handwritten note from author Tom Wolfe,\ncomplete with Wolfe’s manly signature, he was inspired to improve his\nhandwriting and create his own signature signature. So he turned to a NYC-\nbased calligraphy expert for help and some tips on how to do so, which he\nshares in this fun article.\n\nRead: How to Get Yourself a Swashbuckling Signature (@Park & Bond)\n\n{ 1004 comments... read them below or add one }\n\n← Previous Comments\n\nhimanshu rabha June 23, 2017 at 6:58 am\n\n \n\ni need a uniqe signature for ‘himangshu Rabha’\n\nVinodkumar Kumkur August 2, 2017 at 9:49 am\n\n \n\ni need a unique signature for my name Vinodkumar Kumkur\n\nCris santarromana September 15, 2017 at 8:12 pm\n\n \n\nHow to create my good signiture\n\nCris santarromana September 15, 2017 at 8:13 pm\n\n \n\nSantarromana\n\n← Previous Comments\n\nLeave a Comment\n\nPrevious post: A Soldier’s Letters from Beyond the Grave to His Wife and\nDaughter\n\nNext post: Frank Sinatra (And Others) Originally Cast as Dirty Harry\n\nThe internet is a big place. A man can waste a lot of time searching for the\nmanliest stuff the web has to offer. Let us do the searching for you. The AoM\nTrunk is a collection of cool stuff that we find while wandering the vast\ndeserts of the world wide web. Like your grandpa's old trunk, the AoM Trunk is\nfull of manly photos, films, and accouterments. Check back daily for new,\nmanly finds.\n\nKeep up with the latest acquisitions of The Trunk by following it through the\nfollowing channels:\n\n * About\n * Advertise\n * Archives\n * Comment Policy\n * Contact\n * Legal\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.financetwitter.com/2014/06/fifty-cool-signatures-of-worlds-rich-famous-people.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210429190420/http://www.financetwitter.com/2014/06/fifty-cool-signatures-of-worlds-rich-famous-people.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "50 Cool Signatures Of World's Rich & Famous People", "passages": [ "Your signature is unique and central to your identity. Signature is such a powerful symbol representing your life that some fortune tellers would tell you to change your signature style if you want to gain success or fame. One of the most awesome signatures was of John Hancock – the “k” in his signature on the US Declaration of Independence actually loops back to underline his name.", "It is often said that one’s signature reflects how one behaves in public and how he handles himself. And when a person change his / her signature, the characteristic changes as well. In 1791 when Napolean Bonarparte was a young sub-lieutenant, his signature was clear and legible – strong but not pretentious. At the height of his power, his signature was abbreviated but written with fierce strokes and heavy pressure.", "Tycoon Donald Trump’s signature comprised of straight lines and loops. But Trump favours straight lines and does away with curves or loops. The straight line represents the capacity to be single-minded, undeterred by obstacles. A person with an affinity for the straight line is linear, analytical, driven and focused. His signature doesn’t have roundedness – he’s not an emotional or soft person.", "Former U.S. President Harry Truman once said – “I don’t give people hell. I tell them the truth and they think they are in hell.” In Truman’s signature, straight lines balanced by ample roundedness implies him with critical thinking skills; at the same time tempered by emotional sensitivity and emotional intelligence. Without enough roundedness, Truman may be as ruthlessas Trump (grin", "Signature tells very much about a person’s passion and you can relate their skills back to the signature. Look at Pablo Picasso’s signature, which looks precisely like an art itself. Sergey Brin’s signature looks very much like a lazy school boy’s writing but he’s one of the richest person alive. Steve Jobs was a person who treasure perfections. Mozart’s signature had given away about how talented he was in music.", "Here’re 50 signatures of the rich and famous, which we think are really cool and creative, not to mention its beauty and possible hidden secrets, such as that of Marilyn Monroe’s.", "THe top 5 in my opinion is #1 martin luthor king #2 john hancock #3 Marilyn manson #4 clint eastwood #5 neil armstrong", "Dear Ssr My name Prasanna kumar cv wife name is Savitha Prasanna Kumar Son name is Lokanand B Prasanna Daughter name is Nikhila C Prasanna We one N all request you to suggest the signature 2 sucessess in feature", "My name is Pooja first letter capital please .Please suggest me sign growth in my career and spiritual also .Please mail – poojagoyal256@gmail.com Thank you" ] }, "parsed_md": "50 Cool Signatures Of World's Rich & Famous People | FinanceTwitter\n\n×\n\n| HOME| About| Contact| Advertise| Disclaimer| Stock-Chart| Privacy \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \n### 50 Cool Signatures Of World’s Rich & Famous People\n\nTweet \n \n--- \n \nJune 28th, 2014 by financetwitter \n \nJun 28 2014\n\nYour signature is unique and central to your identity. Signature is such a\npowerful symbol representing your life that some fortune tellers would tell\nyou to change your signature style if you want to gain success or fame. One of\nthe most awesome signatures was of John Hancock – the “k” in his signature on\nthe US Declaration of Independence actually loops back to underline his name.\n\nIt is often said that one’s signature reflects how one behaves in public and\nhow he handles himself. And when a person change his / her signature, the\ncharacteristic changes as well. In 1791 when Napolean Bonarparte was a young\nsub-lieutenant, his signature was clear and legible – strong but not\npretentious. At the height of his power, his signature was abbreviated but\nwritten with fierce strokes and heavy pressure.\n\nTycoon Donald Trump’s signature comprised of straight lines and loops. But\nTrump favours straight lines and does away with curves or loops. The straight\nline represents the capacity to be single-minded, undeterred by obstacles. A\nperson with an affinity for the straight line is linear, analytical, driven\nand focused. His signature doesn’t have roundedness – he’s not an emotional or\nsoft person.\n\nFormer U.S. President Harry Truman once said – “I don’t give people hell. I\ntell them the truth and they think they are in hell.” In Truman’s signature,\nstraight lines balanced by ample roundedness implies him with critical\nthinking skills; at the same time tempered by emotional sensitivity and\nemotional intelligence. Without enough roundedness, Truman may be as\nruthlessas Trump (*grin*).\n\nSignature tells very much about a person’s passion and you can relate their\nskills back to the signature. Look at Pablo Picasso’s signature, which looks\nprecisely like an art itself. Sergey Brin’s signature looks very much like a\nlazy school boy’s writing but he’s one of the richest person alive. Steve Jobs\nwas a person who treasure perfections. Mozart’s signature had given away about\nhow talented he was in music.\n\nHere’re 50 signatures of the rich and famous, which we think are really cool\nand creative, not to mention its beauty and possible hidden secrets, such as\nthat of Marilyn Monroe’s.\n\nGeorge Washington\n\nJohn Hancock\n\nAbraham Lincoln\n\nJohn F Kennedy\n\nBarack Obama\n\nHillary Clinton\n\nMartin Luther King\n\nWinston Churchill\n\nHarry Truman\n\nMahatma Gandhi\n\nMuhammad Ali Jinnah\n\nAdolf Hitler\n\nNapolean Bonarparte\n\nFidel Castro\n\nAhmednijad\n\nHugo Chavez \n \n--- \n \nQueen Elizabeth I\n\nQueen Elizabeth II\n\nPrincess Diana\n\nPope John Paul II\n\nJohn D. Rockefeller\n\nWarren Buffett\n\nJK Rowling\n\nDonald Trump\n\nSteve Jobs\n\nBill Gates\n\nJeff Bezos\n\nSergey Brin\n\nMark Zuckerberg \n \nNostradamus\n\nLeonardo da Vinci\n\nMichelangelo\n\nPablo Picasso\n\nWilliam Shakespear\n\nMozart\n\nHarry Houdini\n\nNiel Armstrong\n\nYuri Gagarin\n\nAlbert Einstein\n\nClint Eastwood\n\nBruce Lee\n\nMel Gibson\n\nMarilyn Monroe\n\nMuhammad Ali\n\nDiego Maradona\n\nWalt Disney\n\nCharlie Chaplin\n\nJohn Lennon\n\nElvis Presley\n\nMichael Jackson \n \nOther Articles That May Interest You ...\n\n * 25 Famous Logos With Secret Hidden Messages\n * Top 15 Creative, Stunning, Cool & Useful Business Cards\n * American Top-20 Best Burger That You Must Try\n * Here’re 11 Amazing Hidden Messages On Dollar Bills\n * Debts & Deficits – 21 Currencies That Have Gone Bust\n * Debts & Deficits – 21 Currencies That Have Gone Bust\n\nTweet \n \n--- \n \nJune 28th, 2014 by financetwitter \n \n--- \n \nApple Inc., Countries, Education, Facebook, Finance and Economy,\nPersonalities, Rich and Famous\n\nIf you enjoyed this post, what shall you do next? Consider:\n\n###### Comments\n\nComment by sreeram on April 15, 2015 at 7:45 pm\n\nbest signature\n\nComment by jermaine chambers on January 13, 2016 at 9:12 am\n\nTHe top 5 in my opinion is #1 martin luthor king #2 john hancock #3 Marilyn\nmanson #4 clint eastwood #5 neil armstrong\n\nComment by sri lakshmi on January 28, 2016 at 4:19 pm\n\nThe top 6 in my opinion is Michael jackson Queen Elizabeth Bill gates Gandhi\nEinstein Bruce lee\n\nComment by manjeet singh on March 17, 2016 at 5:12 pm\n\nsir,\n\ncan you suggest me. who can i write signature for my success and achivements\n\nComment by Zaid Hussain on June 6, 2016 at 4:38 am\n\nIn my opinion the best signature is that ofMohammed ALi Jinnah\n\nComment by Darsh Bhatt on September 2, 2016 at 10:12 pm\n\nMy name is Darsh Shailesh Bhatt, can u suggest me a signature please...\n\nComment by vasim vihoo on September 19, 2016 at 3:05 pm\n\nmy name is vasim saifi plz suggest me a signature\n\nComment by Prasanna mumar cv on October 8, 2016 at 12:02 am\n\nDear Ssr My name Prasanna kumar cv wife name is Savitha Prasanna Kumar Son\nname is Lokanand B Prasanna Daughter name is Nikhila C Prasanna We one N all\nrequest you to suggest the signature 2 sucessess in feature\n\nRegards Prasanna Kumar cv\n\nComment by vamshi Krishna on October 17, 2016 at 11:35 pm\n\nnice\n\nComment by Norbahrich Sulaiman on November 1, 2016 at 9:20 am\n\ncan suggest an auspicious signature for Norbahrich Sulaiman.Thank you.\n\nComment by Hari Krishna on December 11, 2016 at 5:31 pm\n\nPlz suggest me a signature\n\nComment by Sushmitha Poojari on December 31, 2016 at 2:04 pm\n\nMy name is Sushmitha Poojari. Could you suggest a cool signature for this\nname?\n\nComment by Daxesh Oza on January 13, 2017 at 7:16 pm\n\nMy name is Daxesh Oza. Could you please suggest me signature of my name.\n\nComment by barinder on January 17, 2017 at 10:27 am\n\nPlz suggest me a signature powerfull lovely\n\nComment by Nhem Sokthol on January 21, 2017 at 4:41 pm\n\nCould you Please suggest me signature of my name.\n\nComment by Dheeravath susheela Bai on February 7, 2017 at 5:39 pm\n\nplz suggest me the signature\n\nComment by Rahmatullah on February 23, 2017 at 3:03 pm\n\nplease suggest me a signature of my name please.....\n\nComment by PVP ARIKESH on February 25, 2017 at 2:44 pm\n\nPlease suggest me a signature of my name\n\nComment by Saeed ur Rehman on February 28, 2017 at 3:12 am\n\nMy name is Dr Saeed plz suggest me a signature.\n\nComment by teekam rathor on March 8, 2017 at 12:55 am\n\nPlease suggest me a sign. of my name\n\nComment by Bharat Gangani on April 4, 2017 at 10:03 pm\n\nBharat Gangani....can u suggest me auspicious signature for my name\n\nComment by neeraj singh on April 7, 2017 at 2:11 pm\n\nKindly suggest my sign. Of my name\n\nComment by Mohd Ajaz on May 15, 2017 at 2:07 pm\n\nPl, suggest me an amazing signature\n\nComment by Santosh kumar sinha /santosh sinha on May 24, 2017 at 10:55 am\n\nPlease suggest me an amazing signature og my name\n\nPingback by お洒落な自筆サイン、意外な書き方 | NPO法人エレフィ on June 21, 2017 at 1:24 pm\n\n[...] 50 Cool signature of world\nrich:海外のサインのサンプルサイト。アメリカ大統領を始め、政治家、皇室、歴史上の人物自分など、様々な人のサインが見れます。 [...]\n\nPingback by サイン署名 プロが教える作り方コツ | NPO法人エレフィ on June 21, 2017 at 1:32 pm\n\n[...] 50 Cool signature of world\nrich:海外のサインのサンプルサイト。アメリカ大統領を始め、政治家、皇室、歴史上の人物自分など、様々な人のサインが見れます。 [...]\n\nComment by Yog raj on August 22, 2017 at 3:37 pm\n\nHii i m yograj can i get a beautiful signature\n\nComment by M Rithik Balajee on September 22, 2017 at 11:52 am\n\nHi i am M Rithik Balajee,can u suggest a beautiful signature for success name\nnd fame\n\nComment by vijay.sharma on November 23, 2017 at 8:22 pm\n\nDear Sir, I am Vijay Sharma,Please suggest me a signature of my name and fame.\n\nRegards,\n\nVijay\n\nComment by sunil .s.magdum on December 1, 2017 at 1:11 pm\n\nHii i m sunil.s.magdum plzz suggest a signature for my name\n\nComment by Kassahun Mamuye on January 29, 2018 at 10:07 pm\n\nmy name is kassahun Mamuye, can you suggest me a signature for my name.\nRegards Kassahun\n\nComment by manoj KD on February 2, 2018 at 1:41 am\n\nmay I get suggestion about my signature Manoj KD\n\nComment by P virendra on February 8, 2018 at 2:11 pm\n\nPvirendra please Signature\n\nComment by Mahmood on February 14, 2018 at 2:13 pm\n\nmy name is Mahmood Sanai, can you suggest me a signature for my name. Regards\nSanai.\n\nComment by M Ajmal on February 17, 2018 at 11:36 pm\n\nmy name is M Ajmal, can you suggest me a signature for my name. Regards\n\nComment by farid on February 20, 2018 at 4:21 pm\n\ncan you suggest me a signature for my name farida\n\nComment by sachin on May 8, 2018 at 5:59 pm\n\nPlease involve OSHO Rajneesh Signature.. Most complex Signature ever seen\n\nComment by Jayaprakash t b on July 25, 2018 at 10:44 am\n\nPlz suggest a signature\n\nComment by Subhojit Sinha on September 3, 2018 at 2:16 am\n\nHii i m Subhojit sinha can i get a beautiful signature.\n\nComment by Ismailkhan on September 12, 2018 at 12:28 am\n\nI want very stylish and cool signature\n\nComment by Krishna Thapa on October 6, 2018 at 4:36 pm\n\nPlease suggest a powerfu and cool signature\n\nComment by earrl on December 11, 2018 at 10:03 am\n\nWheres Carl Gauss’ signature\n\nComment by DEVINDER KAUR on January 2, 2019 at 1:48 pm\n\nPLZ SUGGEST ME SIGNATURE MY NAME\n\nComment by Mir Alam Khan on January 8, 2019 at 5:20 pm\n\nI want to very stylish and cool signature of my name plz\n\n“””Mir Alam Khan”””””\n\nComment by Javed Hussain Mirani on February 14, 2019 at 1:01 am\n\nKindly suggest me a cool and stylish signature\n\nComment by Khalil Hassan on March 31, 2019 at 12:26 am\n\nname (Khalil) please suggest me sign like a adolf hitler and send me\nkhalilhassan097@gmail.com\n\nComment by Armaghan nasir on June 15, 2019 at 11:44 am\n\nSuggest a nice signature style for this name\n\nComment by Amol Ratan Chaudhari on August 6, 2019 at 3:30 pm\n\nSuggest me signature for the success My name is Amol Ratan Chaudhari\n\nComment by Sanjana Punjabi on September 20, 2019 at 3:59 pm\n\nHi my name is Sanjana Punjabi. Please suggest me fast and impressive signature\n\nComment by ABDUL AZEEZ on March 3, 2020 at 6:53 am\n\nfind cool signature for my name\n\nComment by Bipin R. Damor on March 27, 2020 at 7:49 pm\n\nPlease, suggest me an impressive signature\n\nComment by Jishan Ahmed on March 29, 2020 at 5:34 am\n\nGood\n\nComment by Pooja on August 29, 2020 at 1:18 pm\n\nMy name is Pooja first letter capital please .Please suggest me sign growth in\nmy career and spiritual also .Please mail – poojagoyal256@gmail.com Thank you\n\nComment by santosh kumar singh on October 4, 2020 at 11:49 pm\n\nHi My name is santosh kumar singh. please suggest me signature for success in\nlife with fast & impressive\n\nComment by jawad habib abbasi on October 20, 2020 at 10:21 pm\n\nHi my name is Jawad habib abbasi. Please suggest me fast and impressive\nsignature\n\n###### Leave a Reply\n\n## Subscribe\n\nSign-up to get FinanceTwitter emails \n--- \nlet's follow financetwitter \n--- \n \n## Archives\n\n * April 2021\n * March 2021\n * February 2021\n * January 2021\n * December 2020\n * November 2020\n * October 2020\n * September 2020\n * August 2020\n * July 2020\n * June 2020\n * May 2020\n * April 2020\n * March 2020\n * February 2020\n * January 2020\n * December 2019\n * November 2019\n * October 2019\n * September 2019\n * August 2019\n * July 2019\n * June 2019\n * May 2019\n * April 2019\n * March 2019\n * February 2019\n * January 2019\n * December 2018\n * November 2018\n * October 2018\n * September 2018\n * August 2018\n * July 2018\n * June 2018\n * May 2018\n * April 2018\n * March 2018\n * February 2018\n * January 2018\n * December 2017\n * November 2017\n * October 2017\n * September 2017\n * August 2017\n * July 2017\n * June 2017\n * May 2017\n * April 2017\n * March 2017\n * February 2017\n * January 2017\n * December 2016\n * November 2016\n * October 2016\n * September 2016\n * August 2016\n * July 2016\n * June 2016\n * May 2016\n * April 2016\n * March 2016\n * February 2016\n * January 2016\n * December 2015\n * November 2015\n * October 2015\n * September 2015\n * August 2015\n * July 2015\n * June 2015\n * May 2015\n * April 2015\n * March 2015\n * February 2015\n * January 2015\n * December 2014\n * November 2014\n * October 2014\n * September 2014\n * August 2014\n * July 2014\n * June 2014\n * May 2014\n * April 2014\n * March 2014\n * February 2014\n * January 2014\n * December 2013\n * October 2013\n * September 2013\n * August 2013\n * June 2013\n * May 2013\n * April 2013\n * March 2013\n * February 2013\n * January 2013\n * December 2012\n * November 2012\n * October 2012\n * September 2012\n * August 2012\n * July 2012\n * June 2012\n * May 2012\n * April 2012\n * March 2012\n * February 2012\n * January 2012\n * December 2011\n * November 2011\n * October 2011\n * September 2011\n * August 2011\n * July 2011\n * June 2011\n * May 2011\n * April 2011\n * March 2011\n * February 2011\n * January 2011\n * December 2010\n * November 2010\n * October 2010\n * September 2010\n * August 2010\n * July 2010\n * June 2010\n * May 2010\n * April 2010\n * March 2010\n * January 2010\n * December 2009\n * November 2009\n * October 2009\n * September 2009\n * August 2009\n * July 2009\n * June 2009\n * May 2009\n * April 2009\n * March 2009\n * February 2009\n * January 2009\n * December 2008\n * November 2008\n * October 2008\n * September 2008\n * August 2008\n * July 2008\n * June 2008\n * May 2008\n * April 2008\n * March 2008\n * February 2008\n * January 2008\n * December 2007\n * November 2007\n * October 2007\n * September 2007\n * August 2007\n * July 2007\n * June 2007\n * May 2007\n * April 2007\n * March 2007\n * February 2007\n * January 2007\n * December 2006\n * November 2006\n * October 2006\n\n## Categories\n\n * Apple Inc.\n * Automobile\n * Aviation\n * Baidu Inc.\n * Blogger\n * Commodities\n * Corruption\n * Countries\n * Credit Card\n * Crisis\n * Currencies\n * Education\n * Facebook\n * Fashion\n * Ferrari\n * Finance and Economy\n * Financial Stock\n * Food\n * Gadgets\n * Gaming Stock\n * Google Inc.\n * Government\n * Healthcare Stock\n * Honda Cars\n * Investing & Trading\n * IPO\n * Jobs and Career\n * Lamborghini\n * Make Money Online\n * Merger & Acquisition\n * Microsoft\n * Military\n * Movies\n * Nissan\n * Option Trading\n * Personalities\n * Plantation Stock\n * Real Estate Properties\n * Rich & Famous\n * Rich and Famous\n * Samsung\n * Scam\n * Scandal\n * Science\n * Self Improvement\n * Sex\n * Sports\n * SuperCars\n * Taxes\n * Technology Stock\n * Tourism\n * Toyota\n * Twitter\n * Uncategorized\n * Volkswagen\n * War\n\n * ## 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How To Make Cheese Straws
To make cheese straws from scratch, start by preheating your oven to 325 degrees F. Next, beat together softened cheese and butter for 15-30 minutes until it looks like cream cheese. Then, sift flour, salt, black pepper, cayenne pepper and garlic powder, and add it to the cheese mixture to make the dough. Form the dough into 1 inch balls, then roll each ball into a long strip. Finally, flatten each strip into the shape of a straw with a fork, and bake them on a greased baking sheet for 20 minutes.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20161215203916/http://www.foodnetwork.com:80/recipes/ina-garten/cheese-straws-recipe.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161120112016/http://www.foodnetwork.com:80/recipes/trisha-yearwood/cheese-straws-recipe6.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170728000812/http://alldayidreamaboutfood.com:80/2014/04/cheddar-cheese-straws-low-carb-and-gluten-free.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200208191102/http://www.gutenberg.org:80/files/15464/15464-h/15464-h.htm" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.foodnetwork.com:80/recipes/ina-garten/cheese-straws-recipe.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161215203916/http://www.foodnetwork.com:80/recipes/ina-garten/cheese-straws-recipe.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cheese Straws Recipe : Ina Garten : Food Network", "passages": [ "Roll out each sheet of puff pastry on a lightly floured board until it is 10- by 12-inches. Beat the egg with 1 tablespoon of water and brush the surface of the pastry. Sprinkle each sheet evenly with 1⁄4 cup of the Parmesan, 1⁄2 cup of the Gruyère, 1⁄2 teaspoon of the thyme, 1⁄2 teaspoon of the salt, and some pepper. With the rolling pin, lightly press the flavorings into the puff pastry. Cut each sheet crosswise with a floured knife or pizza wheel into 11 or 12 strips. Twist each strip and lay on baking sheets lined with parchment paper.", "Bake for 10 to 15 minutes, or until lightly browned and puffed. Turn each straw and bake for another 2 minutes. Don't over bake or the cheese will burn. Cool and serve at room temperature." ] }, "parsed_md": "Cheese Straws Recipe : Ina Garten : Food Network\n\n###### New on FoodNetwork.com\n\nHoliday Gift Guide\n\n#### 100 Gifts for Food Lovers\n\nIna's Rib Roast\n\n#### The Best Christmas Recipes\n\nMonster Cookies\n\n#### Top Holiday Cookies\n\nPrev Recipe\n\nNext Recipe\n\n * Home\n * Recipes & How-Tos\n * Cheese Straws\n\n# Cheese Straws\n\n###### Recipe courtesy of Ina Garten\n\nSHOW:\n\n Barefoot Contessa\nEPISODE:\n\n \n\nCanapes and Canvases\n\nPrint\n\nEmail\n\n1 video | Cheese Straw Party Appetizers (02:37)\n\nTotal Time:\n\n 30 min\nPrep:\n\n 15 min\nCook:\n\n 15 min\n\nYield:\n\n 22 to 24 cheese straws\n\nLevel:\n\n Easy\n\nTotal Time:\n\n 30 min\nPrep:\n\n 15 min\nCook:\n\n 15 min\n\nYield:\n\n 22 to 24 cheese straws\n\nLevel:\n\n Easy\n\n##### Cheese Straw Party Appetizers\n\n(02:37)\n\nIna uses a secret shortcut to make classic cheese straw party appetizers.\n\n###### Ingredients\n\n * 2 sheets (1 box) frozen puff pastry (such as Pepperidge Farm), defrosted overnight in the refrigerator\n * Flour, for dusting\n * 1 extra-large egg\n * 1 tablespoon water\n * 1/2 cup freshly grated Parmesan\n * 1 cup finely grated Gruyère cheese\n * 1 teaspoon minced fresh thyme leaves\n * 1 teaspoon kosher salt\n * Freshly ground black pepper\n\n###### Directions\n\nWatch how to make this recipe.\n\n * Preheat the oven to 375 degrees F.\n\n * Roll out each sheet of puff pastry on a lightly floured board until it is 10- by 12-inches. Beat the egg with 1 tablespoon of water and brush the surface of the pastry. Sprinkle each sheet evenly with 1⁄4 cup of the Parmesan, 1⁄2 cup of the Gruyère, 1⁄2 teaspoon of the thyme, 1⁄2 teaspoon of the salt, and some pepper. With the rolling pin, lightly press the flavorings into the puff pastry. Cut each sheet crosswise with a floured knife or pizza wheel into 11 or 12 strips. Twist each strip and lay on baking sheets lined with parchment paper.\n\n * Bake for 10 to 15 minutes, or until lightly browned and puffed. Turn each straw and bake for another 2 minutes. Don't over bake or the cheese will burn. Cool and serve at room temperature.\n\nCopyright 2004, Barefoot in Paris, All Rights Reserved\n\n###### CATEGORIES:\n\n * Cheese\n * Appetizer\n * Baking\n\nView All\n\n##### Cooking Tips\n\n##### More Recipes and Ideas\n\n###### Cheese Straws in Pesto\n\nRecipe courtesy of Food Network Kitchen\n\n###### BBQ Cheese Straws\n\nRecipe courtesy of Claire Robinson\n\n###### Cabbage and Straw\n\nRecipe courtesy of Rachael Ray\n\n###### Also Try:\n\n * Cheese Ball Recipes\n * Cheese Dip Recipes\n * Cheese Recipes\n * Blue Cheese\n * Cream Cheese Recipes\n * Colby\n\n##### BROWSE REVIEWS BY KEYWORD\n\n##### Reviews\n\n##### On TV\n\nFull TV Schedule\n\n##### On Air\n\n \n\nWatch Live TV\n\n##### On Tonight\n\n##### What's Hot\n\n###### Holiday Baking Championship\n\nSundays 9|8c\n\nAdvertisement\n\npowered by PubExchange\n\n### No active campaigns target this teaser\n\n##### Get Our Weekly Newsletter\n\nDon't miss the latest recipes, food news, TV exclusives and more, delivered\ndirectly to your email.\n\nSign Up Now\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThis recipe is featured in:\n\n###### Easy Holiday Appetizers\n\nInternational Editions\n\nSee All Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * Site Map\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * AdChoices\n * Infringements\n * About\n * Advertise With Us\n * Help\n * Contact Us\n\n© 2016 Television Food Network G.P. All Rights Reserved.\n\nFood Network Sites\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.foodnetwork.com:80/recipes/trisha-yearwood/cheese-straws-recipe6.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161120112016/http://www.foodnetwork.com:80/recipes/trisha-yearwood/cheese-straws-recipe6.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Cheese Straws Recipe : Trisha Yearwood : Food Network", "passages": [ "Put the softened cheese and butter in the bowl of a heavy-duty electric mixer. Using the heaviest mixer paddle attachment, beat until the mixture has the consistency of whipped cream, 15 to 30 minutes.", "In a large bowl, sift 3 cups of the flour with the salt, black pepper, cayenne pepper and garlic powder. Gradually add the seasoned flour to the cheese mixture by large spoonfuls, beating well after each addition. Add the remaining 1 cup unseasoned flour incrementally until the dough is somewhat stiff but still soft enough to be pushed through a cookie press; you may not need to add all the flour.", "Lightly spray 4 cookie sheets with cooking spray. Put a portion of the dough into a cookie press fitted with the star tube and press the dough onto a cookie sheet in long strips that run the length of the pan. Repeat until the pan is full. Bake until straws are golden brown and crisp, about 20 minutes.", "With your hands or a sharp knife, break or cut the long strips into 3-inch lengths. Use a flat, thin spatula or an egg turner to remove the cheese strips from the pan. Allow them to cool on a wire rack. When they are completely cool, serve or store in a tightly covered container.", "Cook's Note: If you don't have a cookie press, form the dough into 1-inch balls and flatten them with a fork." ] }, "parsed_md": "Cheese Straws Recipe : Trisha Yearwood : Food Network\n\n###### New on FoodNetwork.com\n\nStuffed Mushrooms\n\n#### The Best Thanksgiving Appetizers\n\nBest of the Best\n\n#### Our Top 20 Thanksgiving Recipes\n\n100+ Classic Sides\n\n#### The Pioneer Woman's Mashed Potatoes\n\nPrev Recipe\n\nNext Recipe\n\n * Home\n * Recipes & How-Tos\n * Cheese Straws\n\n# Cheese Straws\n\n###### Recipe courtesy of Trisha Yearwood\n\nSHOW:\n\n Trisha's Southern Kitchen\nEPISODE:\n\n \n\nBaby in the Band\n\nPrint\n\nEmail\n\n1 video | Trisha's Cheese Straws (03:07)\n\nTotal Time:\n\n 1 hr 30 min\nPrep:\n\n 30 min\nInactive:\n\n 40 min\nCook:\n\n 20 min\n\nYield:\n\n 4 dozen cheese straws\n\nLevel:\n\n Easy\n\nTotal Time:\n\n 1 hr 30 min\nPrep:\n\n 30 min\nInactive:\n\n 40 min\nCook:\n\n 20 min\n\nYield:\n\n 4 dozen cheese straws\n\nLevel:\n\n Easy\n\n##### Trisha's Cheese Straws\n\n(03:07)\n\nTrisha's cheese straws are perfect for a casual party or everyday snacking.\n\n###### Ingredients\n\n * Three 10-ounce bricks sharp Cheddar cheese, shredded cold then left at room temperature\n * 1 cup (2 sticks) butter, softened\n * 4 cups sifted all-purpose flour\n * 2 teaspoons salt\n * 1/8 teaspoon black pepper\n * 1/8 teaspoon cayenne pepper\n * Dash of garlic powder\n * Cooking spray\n * Special equipment: cookie press with a star tip\n\n###### Directions\n\nWatch how to make this recipe.\n\n * Preheat the oven to 325 degrees F.\n\n * Put the softened cheese and butter in the bowl of a heavy-duty electric mixer. Using the heaviest mixer paddle attachment, beat until the mixture has the consistency of whipped cream, 15 to 30 minutes.\n\n * In a large bowl, sift 3 cups of the flour with the salt, black pepper, cayenne pepper and garlic powder. Gradually add the seasoned flour to the cheese mixture by large spoonfuls, beating well after each addition. Add the remaining 1 cup unseasoned flour incrementally until the dough is somewhat stiff but still soft enough to be pushed through a cookie press; you may not need to add all the flour.\n\n * Lightly spray 4 cookie sheets with cooking spray. Put a portion of the dough into a cookie press fitted with the star tube and press the dough onto a cookie sheet in long strips that run the length of the pan. Repeat until the pan is full. Bake until straws are golden brown and crisp, about 20 minutes.\n\n * With your hands or a sharp knife, break or cut the long strips into 3-inch lengths. Use a flat, thin spatula or an egg turner to remove the cheese strips from the pan. Allow them to cool on a wire rack. When they are completely cool, serve or store in a tightly covered container.\n\n * Cook's Note: If you don't have a cookie press, form the dough into 1-inch balls and flatten them with a fork.\n\nRecipe adapted from Georgia Cooking from an Oklahoma Kitchen by Trisha\nYearwood (c) Clarkson Potter 2008\n\n###### CATEGORIES:\n\n * Cheese\n * Snack\n * Baking\n\nView All\n\n##### Cooking Tips\n\n##### More Recipes and Ideas\n\n###### Cheese Straws\n\nRecipe courtesy of Ina Garten\n\n###### Cheese Straws in Pesto\n\nRecipe courtesy of Food Network Kitchen\n\n###### Cayenne Cheese Straws\n\nRecipe courtesy of Ree Drummond\n\n###### Also Try:\n\n * Cheese Recipes\n * Cheese Ball Recipes\n * Cheddar\n * Blue Cheese\n * Cheese Dip Recipes\n * Cream Cheese Recipes\n\n##### YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE\n\n##### BROWSE REVIEWS BY KEYWORD\n\n##### Reviews\n\n##### On TV\n\nFull TV Schedule\n\n##### On Air\n\n \n\nWatch Live TV\n\n##### On Tonight\n\n##### What's Hot\n\n###### Holiday Baking Championship\n\nSundays 9|8c\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\npowered by PubExchange\n\n### No active campaigns target this teaser\n\n##### Get Our Weekly Newsletter\n\nDon't miss the latest recipes, food news, TV exclusives and more, delivered\ndirectly to your email.\n\nSign Up Now\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThis recipe is featured in:\n\n###### Thanksgiving Entertaining\n\nInternational Editions\n\nSee All Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * Site Map\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * AdChoices\n * Infringements\n * About\n * Advertise With Us\n * Help\n * Contact Us\n\n© 2016 Television Food Network G.P. All Rights Reserved.\n\nFood Network Sites\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://alldayidreamaboutfood.com:80/2014/04/cheddar-cheese-straws-low-carb-and-gluten-free.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170728000812/http://alldayidreamaboutfood.com:80/2014/04/cheddar-cheese-straws-low-carb-and-gluten-free.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Low Carb Gluten-Free Cheese Straws Recipe", "passages": [ "Skip the puff pastry and make low carb cheese straws from scratch with almond flour! These delicious crisp cheesy sticks make a perfect healthy gluten-free snack or appetizer. And recovering from injury with the Cabot FitTeam.", "This has been a tough winter for me. Aside from the bitter chill and the veritable mountains of snow, the numerous days home with my kids going stir crazy and the utter dreariness of it all, I was also out of the running game for a full 8 weeks. Granted, with all the snow and ice covering every available surface, running would have been a challenge. So if any time is a good time to be injured, this winter was it. But it was frustrating to find my fitness activities severely curtailed and to have little control over it. It was simply a minor stress fracture in my right food, but both running and CrossFit were out for me. I tried to do some activities that wouldn’t stress my foot further, but I found it really tough to be so limited.", "I would love to tell you that I hit the stationary bicycle or the pool and worked out like a madwoman to keep up my fitness level, but that would be a bald-faced lie. Except for running, I am not very motivated on my own, which is why CrossFit is such a good fit for me. I did try to do some mini workouts at home, and I walked quite a bit (that aircast is amazing, the way it protects your foot!), but there’s no question that my fitness level suffered. I actually lost weight during this time, and I know some of it is muscle mass.", "Once my foot was healed enough for a few runs, I got out there again. At first they were run/walk combos to test things out, but soon I was able to run 3 miles without a break. I felt like it wouldn’t be long before I’d be back in top running form. But fate decided it wasn’t quite ready for me to get back into it, and I came down with one of the worst colds I’ve had in ages. A revolting amount of phlegm took up residence in my bronchial tubes and I could barely breathe for coughing. Running was again not an option for another two weeks.", "But in some ways, I find all of this rather freeing. I am back to running, but almost as if I am a true beginner again. I am far slower than I was in the fall and I know it will take time to work up both my speed and my mileage. And as someone who used to be more than a little pace-obsessed, it’s a treat to just run for the sake of running. Right now, it’s just about becoming fully functional again and it allows me to just enjoy the run for what it is.", "I am very fortunate to be a part of the Cabot FitTeam again, this time for the Vermont City Marathon and Relay on May 23rd in Burlington. I am part of a relay team and at first I really wanted to run two of the legs, which would add up to 11+ miles. But when I was dealing with this cold, it finally hit me that it wasn’t the smart choice. The smart choice was to take a single leg and train properly for it, to reduce my risk of further injury. And making that decision took a huge load from my shoulders. Fitness takes work and dedication, no question. But it should also be enjoyable – if it’s not, you aren’t going to stick with it. We should all be so lucky to find an exercise regime that we love. I love running and I plan to love it for a long, long time!", "These cheddar cheese straws were a long time in the making. The first time I attempted them, I rolled the dough out really thinly and tried to twist them up the way you can with puff pastry. The dough kept ripping on me so I ended up rolling them up into little cheesy spirals. They weren’t quite what I wanted but the flavour was out of this world so I knew I needed to keep working at it. This last time, I rolled the dough out into long sticks, as if I was working with playdoh. Then I pressed the shredded cheese into each stick, rolling them again to get it to adhere. They were just what I hoped they would be, crisp and full of sharp cheddar flavour! I highly recommend Cabot White Oak Aged Cheddar if you can find it. But really, any Cabot sharp cheddar will do.", "Skip the puff pastry and make low carb cheese straws at home with almond flour. They make a great healthy, gluten-free appetizer or snack!", "In the bowl of a food processor, combine almond flour, coconut flour, arrowroot starch, xanthan gum, garlic powder and salt. Pulse a few times to combine.", "Take about 1 tablespoon of dough and roll it between your palms into a cigar shape. Continue to roll gently on a piece of parchment or a silicon baking mat into a long thin stick, less than half an inch thick and 7 or 8 inches long (if it breaks at any point, you can easily press it back together).", "Sprinkle with a few teaspoons of grated cheddar, gently pressing the cheese into the stick to adhere. Transfer to prepared baking sheet.", "Bake 25 to 30 minutes, until firm and cheese is lightly browned. Remove from oven and let cool completely (they won't be crisp until they are fully cooled).", "Please note that I am not a medical or nutritional professional. I am simply recounting and sharing my own experiences on this blog. Nothing I express here should be taken as medical advice and you should consult with your doctor before starting any diet or exercise program. I provide nutritional information for my recipes simply as a courtesy to my readers. It is calculated using MacGourmet software and I remove erythritol from the final carb count and net carb count, as it does not affect my own blood glucose levels. I do my best to be as accurate as possible but you should independently calculate nutritional information on your own before relying on them. I expressly disclaim any and all liability of any kind with respect to any act or omission wholly or in part in reliance on anything contained in this website.", "This truly may be the holy grail of cheese/low carb recipes. I would eat these until you pulled me away from the table 🙂", "I am really excited about this recipe! I had to try it several times before I made it work but they are fun and not that hard to make either!", "These look SO awesome! I wonder if the dough would press through a cookie press? Like some cheese straws are made? Either way, I’m totally making these as soon as I get some arrowroot powder! 😀 Thank you!", "Carolyn, I am so proud of you for listening ot your body through this healing process. I know how hard that must be for you to take it slow and easy. I would be bursting too! Smart choice to only do one of the legs. Priorities!!! You are an inspiration! These cheese sticks? Amazing! Really. I am going to the co-op to get the ingredients I need asap!", "Thanks, hon. Being so limited has been really tough on me, especially since I can be quite competitive on the running. But it is VERY freeing to just run because I can run again, now. I don’t pay attention to pace, I am just trying to get back into it and it’s quite lovely!", "I have part of a bag of almond flour I was trying to figure out what to do with and I think you’ve helped me figure it out!", "Just in case there are any left (ha!) what is the best way to store them & how long will they keep? Thanks for the recipe!", "I don’t have a ninja so I can’t really say. I suspect it wouldn’t work and a better option is to cut in the butter with two knives or a pastry cutter...the old fashioned way of making pastry!", "I wish I could say I get it – but I don’t. This winter just sucked hard core! I didn’t have any bad injuries though, so we can just blame my lack of movement on laziness. ><", "Carolyn, this gives me a great idea! You know those cinnamon straws you can buy at Starbucks? I bet these would be really easy to convert to cinnamon straws! I guess just leave out the cheese and garlic, and then cover with cinnamon and Swerve, maybe? Love these, thanks so much Leigh", "Sure, that would be tasty! I would recommend putting a tablespoon or two of swerve in the actual pastry as well. I have some other plans for this recipe too. 🙂", "This looks so delicious! And I love that they’re gluten free/low carb! Sounds like a great recipe. Thanks for sharing!", "These look fabulous! I’m new to the food blogging community and just discovered your site. It’s great to find a low carb yet delicious alternative for snacking! Thank you!", "Carolyn, I’ve been looking long and hard for a recipe for GF chips of some sort to use with salsa or guacamole, both of which I make from scratch. Would these work for chips if I rolled out the dough thin and cut out triangles?", "These are wonderful! But really labor intensive. I found that instead of rolling it out, like a clay snake, that if I pinched it out and then rolled it to round it out after the pinching that it went much faster. Next time though, I think I’ll make a long tube of it, refrigerate it then, and slice it into crackers, either sprinkling the cheese on top or incorporating it into the dough. Then I’ll bake it. So flaky, crisp and cheesy, even when warm out of the oven. Love this recipe! Thanks, Carolyn!", "I found it rather therapeutic to stand there, rolling it out, but I understand that it can take a bit of time! 🙂 Glad you liked them!", "This recipe was a huge hit at my house. I did have trouble getting the cheese to stick to the dough so I gave up and just incorporated about a teaspoon or two of the grated cheese inside each tablespoon of dough before I rolled it out. This went much quicker for me. The result was still nice and crispy and stayed that way, exposed to the air as you suggested, until they were sadly all gone. Now I am getting requests to make more soon. Love, love, love your recipes!", "I have a question can I substitute corn starch for the arrowroot and What is the purpose of the xantham gum and can I leave it out or substitute it for something else?", "Yes, you can sub cornstarch. Xanthan is pretty important in getting the dough to hold together, though. You could do guar gum.", "again, these worked out great. I did them the same way you did, with no problems at all. I was kinda wondering if there would be a way to turn these into pretzel sticks? Could you suggest something? That is something that would impress my adult children! lol Thank you again. I can’t tell you how much ink and paper I have used on your recipes in the last few months.", "These use good! But I don’t think arrowroot powder is Thm approved. It’s a thickener, isn’t it? What purpose does it serve in this recipe? Love your recipes!", "It’s a starch and helps hold these together. I don’t follow THM exactly, I am low carb, It’s only that my recipes are often good for THM so many THM mamas follow me! 🙂", "Do you think we might be able to substitute oat fiber or oat flour for the arrowroot? (I’m also a THM) I’m thinking these would be amazing, in an Italian meal, with some Italian seasoning incorporated in the dough, and asiago or parmesan cheese on the outside.", "I can’t wait to try these. Need to get a few ingredients. I must have cheered you across the finish line. My boyfriend and I were staying at the Hilton and joined the festivities across the street and down the hill. Good for you! I love Cabot cheeses also!", "I love cheese sticks and being on a keto diet it’s hard to replace cheezy & crunchy snacks! I tried these for a dinner party and turned out GREAT and crunchy! Everybody loved them and I’ll be making them again this weekend! Thanks a lot!", "Love many of these recipes. Would be great if you could include metric measures and temperatures. Would save converting everything.", "Looking for the best low carb recipes? You've come to the right place! I'm Carolyn, a major carnivore and an unrepentant sweet tooth. Here you will find all you need to enjoy the low carb keto lifestyle to the fullest! Read more", "All Day I Dream About Food is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com." ] }, "parsed_md": "Low Carb Gluten-Free Cheese Straws Recipe | All Day I Dream About Food\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\n## Main navigation\n\nAll the best low carb keto recipes for a healthy lifestyle\n\nApril 8, 2014\n\n# Cheddar Cheese Straws – Low Carb and Gluten-Free\n\nSkip the puff pastry and make low carb cheese straws from scratch with almond\nflour! These delicious crisp cheesy sticks make a perfect healthy gluten-free\nsnack or appetizer. And recovering from injury with the Cabot FitTeam.\n\nThis has been a tough winter for me. Aside from the bitter chill and the\nveritable mountains of snow, the numerous days home with my kids going stir\ncrazy and the utter dreariness of it all, I was also out of the running game\nfor a full 8 weeks. Granted, with all the snow and ice covering every\navailable surface, running would have been a challenge. So if any time is a\ngood time to be injured, this winter was it. But it was frustrating to find my\nfitness activities severely curtailed and to have little control over it. It\nwas simply a minor stress fracture in my right food, but both running and\nCrossFit were out for me. I tried to do some activities that wouldn’t stress\nmy foot further, but I found it really tough to be so limited.\n\nI would love to tell you that I hit the stationary bicycle or the pool and\nworked out like a madwoman to keep up my fitness level, but that would be a\nbald-faced lie. Except for running, I am not very motivated on my own, which\nis why CrossFit is such a good fit for me. I did try to do some mini workouts\nat home, and I walked quite a bit (that aircast is amazing, the way it\nprotects your foot!), but there’s no question that my fitness level suffered.\nI actually lost weight during this time, and I know some of it is muscle mass.\n\nOnce my foot was healed enough for a few runs, I got out there again. At first\nthey were run/walk combos to test things out, but soon I was able to run 3\nmiles without a break. I felt like it wouldn’t be long before I’d be back in\ntop running form. But fate decided it wasn’t quite ready for me to get back\ninto it, and I came down with one of the worst colds I’ve had in ages. A\nrevolting amount of phlegm took up residence in my bronchial tubes and I could\nbarely breathe for coughing. Running was again not an option for another two\nweeks.\n\nBut in some ways, I find all of this rather freeing. I am back to running, but\nalmost as if I am a true beginner again. I am far slower than I was in the\nfall and I know it will take time to work up both my speed and my mileage. And\nas someone who used to be more than a little pace-obsessed, it’s a treat to\njust run for the sake of running. Right now, it’s just about becoming fully\nfunctional again and it allows me to just enjoy the run for what it is.\n\nI am very fortunate to be a part of the Cabot FitTeam again, this time for the\nVermont City Marathon and Relay on May 23rd in Burlington. I am part of a\nrelay team and at first I really wanted to run two of the legs, which would\nadd up to 11+ miles. But when I was dealing with this cold, it finally hit me\nthat it wasn’t the smart choice. The smart choice was to take a single leg and\ntrain properly for it, to reduce my risk of further injury. And making that\ndecision took a huge load from my shoulders. Fitness takes work and\ndedication, no question. But it should also be enjoyable – if it’s not, you\naren’t going to stick with it. We should all be so lucky to find an exercise\nregime that we love. I love running and I plan to love it for a long, long\ntime!\n\nThese cheddar cheese straws were a long time in the making. The first time I\nattempted them, I rolled the dough out really thinly and tried to twist them\nup the way you can with puff pastry. The dough kept ripping on me so I ended\nup rolling them up into little cheesy spirals. They weren’t quite what I\nwanted but the flavour was out of this world so I knew I needed to keep\nworking at it. This last time, I rolled the dough out into long sticks, as if\nI was working with playdoh. Then I pressed the shredded cheese into each\nstick, rolling them again to get it to adhere. They were just what I hoped\nthey would be, crisp and full of sharp cheddar flavour! I highly recommend\nCabot White Oak Aged Cheddar if you can find it. But really, any Cabot sharp\ncheddar will do.\n\n## Cheddar Cheese Straws and the Cabot FitTeam\n\nprint shopping list\n\nServes 24 straws adjust servings\n\nSkip the puff pastry and make low carb cheese straws at home with almond\nflour. They make a great healthy, gluten-free appetizer or snack!\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 1 & 1/4 cup almond flour\n * 2 tbsp coconut flour (I used Bob's Red Mill)\n * 2 tbsp arrowroot starch (I used Bob's Red Mill)\n * 1 tsp xanthan gum\n * 1/2 tsp garlic powder\n * 1/4 tsp salt\n * 5 tbsp butter, well chilled and cut into small pieces\n * 2-4 tbsp ice water\n * 4 oz finely shredded sharp cheddar\n\n## Instructions\n\n 1. In the bowl of a food processor, combine almond flour, coconut flour, arrowroot starch, xanthan gum, garlic powder and salt. Pulse a few times to combine.\n 2. Sprinkle butter over almond flour mixture and pulse until it resembles fine crumbs.\n 3. With processor running on low, add water through feeding tube 1 tablespoon at a time until dough clumps together.\n 4. Form into a flat disc and cover with plastic wrap. Chill 30 minutes.\n 5. Preheat oven to 300F and line a large baking sheet with parchment paper.\n 6. Take about 1 tablespoon of dough and roll it between your palms into a cigar shape. Continue to roll gently on a piece of parchment or a silicon baking mat into a long thin stick, less than half an inch thick and 7 or 8 inches long (if it breaks at any point, you can easily press it back together).\n 7. Sprinkle with a few teaspoons of grated cheddar, gently pressing the cheese into the stick to adhere. Transfer to prepared baking sheet.\n 8. Repeat with remaining dough and cheese.\n 9. Bake 25 to 30 minutes, until firm and cheese is lightly browned. Remove from oven and let cool completely (they won't be crisp until they are fully cooled).\n\nby Carolyn\n\n## Recipe Notes\n\nServes 12. Each serving has 3 g NET CARBS.\n\n163 Calories; 14g Fat (74.6% calories from fat); 5g Protein; 5g Carbohydrate;\n2g Dietary Fiber; 23mg Cholesterol; 159mg Sodium.\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nPin\n\nStumble\n\nYum\n\nFiled Under: Appetizers & Snacks, Bread, Gluten Free, Low Carb Tagged With:\nalmond flour, cheddar, coconut flour\n\n### Nutritional Disclaimer\n\nPlease note that I am not a medical or nutritional professional. I am simply\nrecounting and sharing my own experiences on this blog. Nothing I express here\nshould be taken as medical advice and you should consult with your doctor\nbefore starting any diet or exercise program. I provide nutritional\ninformation for my recipes simply as a courtesy to my readers. It is\ncalculated using MacGourmet software and I remove erythritol from the final\ncarb count and net carb count, as it does not affect my own blood glucose\nlevels. I do my best to be as accurate as possible but you should\nindependently calculate nutritional information on your own before relying on\nthem. I expressly disclaim any and all liability of any kind with respect to\nany act or omission wholly or in part in reliance on anything contained in\nthis website.\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Regan @ Cabot Creamery says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 5:45 am\n\nThis truly may be the holy grail of cheese/low carb recipes. I would eat these\nuntil you pulled me away from the table 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 6:19 am\n\nI am really excited about this recipe! I had to try it several times before I\nmade it work but they are fun and not that hard to make either!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Ashley G says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 7:51 am\n\nThese look SO awesome! I wonder if the dough would press through a cookie\npress? Like some cheese straws are made? Either way, I’m totally making these\nas soon as I get some arrowroot powder! 😀 Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 9:07 am\n\nI think this recipe would be too thick and tough to push through a cookie\npress.\n\nReply\n\n * Ashley G says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 9:39 am\n\nAh, ok. No biggie, they look cooler in the long, thin straws, anyway! 😀\n\nReply\n\n 3. Ruth says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 9:48 am\n\nIs there something I can use instead of arrowroot powder... my husband react\nterribly to it. Thanks, Ruth\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 12:53 pm\n\nI think there has to be some starch in there. Can he tolerate potato or\ntapioca starch?\n\nReply\n\n 4. Katie | Healthy Seasonal Recipes says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 10:44 am\n\nCarolyn, I am so proud of you for listening ot your body through this healing\nprocess. I know how hard that must be for you to take it slow and easy. I\nwould be bursting too! Smart choice to only do one of the legs. Priorities!!!\nYou are an inspiration! These cheese sticks? Amazing! Really. I am going to\nthe co-op to get the ingredients I need asap!\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 7:09 pm\n\nThanks, hon. Being so limited has been really tough on me, especially since I\ncan be quite competitive on the running. But it is VERY freeing to just run\nbecause I can run again, now. I don’t pay attention to pace, I am just trying\nto get back into it and it’s quite lovely!\n\nReply\n\n 5. JanetFCTC says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 6:31 pm\n\nI’m glad to hear you’re finally feeling better. 🙂\n\nI have part of a bag of almond flour I was trying to figure out what to do\nwith and I think you’ve helped me figure it out!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Leslie W says\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 11:57 pm\n\nJust in case there are any left (ha!) what is the best way to store them & how\nlong will they keep? Thanks for the recipe!\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 9, 2014 at 6:08 am\n\nYes, store them out on your counter, no cover. They stay crisp better when\nexposed to the air.\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 9, 2014 at 6:10 am\n\nOh and ours kept for 3 days. So at least that long.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Shyla says\n\nApril 9, 2014 at 7:18 am\n\nDo you think you could mix these in a Ninja blender or some other option?\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 9, 2014 at 10:29 am\n\nI don’t have a ninja so I can’t really say. I suspect it wouldn’t work and a\nbetter option is to cut in the butter with two knives or a pastry cutter...the\nold fashioned way of making pastry!\n\nReply\n\n 8. kita says\n\nApril 9, 2014 at 8:14 pm\n\nI wish I could say I get it – but I don’t. This winter just sucked hard core!\nI didn’t have any bad injuries though, so we can just blame my lack of\nmovement on laziness. ><\n\nThese cheese straws look totally nibble worthy. 😀\n\nReply\n\n 9. jo says\n\nApril 9, 2014 at 9:25 pm\n\noh! swoon....!\n\nReply\n\n 10. Leigh says\n\nApril 11, 2014 at 3:03 am\n\nCarolyn, this gives me a great idea! You know those cinnamon straws you can\nbuy at Starbucks? I bet these would be really easy to convert to cinnamon\nstraws! I guess just leave out the cheese and garlic, and then cover with\ncinnamon and Swerve, maybe? Love these, thanks so much Leigh\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 11, 2014 at 5:04 am\n\nSure, that would be tasty! I would recommend putting a tablespoon or two of\nswerve in the actual pastry as well. I have some other plans for this recipe\ntoo. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 11. Jeanette | Jeanette's Healthy Living says\n\nApril 11, 2014 at 6:55 am\n\nSo fun Carolyn! Would be great for a party.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Danielle @ theCHARMITspot says\n\nApril 11, 2014 at 11:04 am\n\nThis looks so delicious! And I love that they’re gluten free/low carb! Sounds\nlike a great recipe. Thanks for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n 13. Kira- HealthAble Old Soul says\n\nApril 11, 2014 at 3:28 pm\n\nSo cute – this will make the perfect addition for my GF/Vegan Sunday Brunch!\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 11, 2014 at 7:10 pm\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Samantha/miamnyamnom.com says\n\nApril 12, 2014 at 8:45 am\n\nThese look fabulous! I’m new to the food blogging community and just\ndiscovered your site. It’s great to find a low carb yet delicious alternative\nfor snacking! Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 15. Barb Sacco says\n\nApril 16, 2014 at 10:19 am\n\nCarolyn, I’ve been looking long and hard for a recipe for GF chips of some\nsort to use with salsa or guacamole, both of which I make from scratch. Would\nthese work for chips if I rolled out the dough thin and cut out triangles?\n\nAnd the cinnamon sticks sound wonderful with a cup of Bulletproof coffee! Yum!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Malainie says\n\nApril 17, 2014 at 11:36 am\n\nThese are wonderful! But really labor intensive. I found that instead of\nrolling it out, like a clay snake, that if I pinched it out and then rolled it\nto round it out after the pinching that it went much faster. Next time though,\nI think I’ll make a long tube of it, refrigerate it then, and slice it into\ncrackers, either sprinkling the cheese on top or incorporating it into the\ndough. Then I’ll bake it. So flaky, crisp and cheesy, even when warm out of\nthe oven. Love this recipe! Thanks, Carolyn!\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 17, 2014 at 11:50 am\n\nI found it rather therapeutic to stand there, rolling it out, but I understand\nthat it can take a bit of time! 🙂 Glad you liked them!\n\nReply\n\n 17. Lin says\n\nApril 23, 2014 at 8:49 am\n\nThis recipe was a huge hit at my house. I did have trouble getting the cheese\nto stick to the dough so I gave up and just incorporated about a teaspoon or\ntwo of the grated cheese inside each tablespoon of dough before I rolled it\nout. This went much quicker for me. The result was still nice and crispy and\nstayed that way, exposed to the air as you suggested, until they were sadly\nall gone. Now I am getting requests to make more soon. Love, love, love your\nrecipes!\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nApril 23, 2014 at 9:35 am\n\nThanks, Lin! Glad you liked them.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Shannon Vaughn says\n\nJune 14, 2014 at 9:25 pm\n\nI have a question can I substitute corn starch for the arrowroot and What is\nthe purpose of the xantham gum and can I leave it out or substitute it for\nsomething else?\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nJune 15, 2014 at 6:31 am\n\nYes, you can sub cornstarch. Xanthan is pretty important in getting the dough\nto hold together, though. You could do guar gum.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Matt says\n\nOctober 9, 2014 at 11:27 am\n\nAwesome recipe! Do you think they would freeze ok?\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nOctober 9, 2014 at 1:36 pm\n\nI think the dough would certainly freeze. Not entirely sure how they will\nfreeze after being baked.\n\nReply\n\n 20. Lita says\n\nNovember 6, 2014 at 2:56 pm\n\nagain, these worked out great. I did them the same way you did, with no\nproblems at all. I was kinda wondering if there would be a way to turn these\ninto pretzel sticks? Could you suggest something? That is something that would\nimpress my adult children! lol Thank you again. I can’t tell you how much ink\nand paper I have used on your recipes in the last few months.\n\nReply\n\n 21. Dianne says\n\nMarch 29, 2015 at 11:46 am\n\nThese use good! But I don’t think arrowroot powder is Thm approved. It’s a\nthickener, isn’t it? What purpose does it serve in this recipe? Love your\nrecipes!\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nMarch 29, 2015 at 12:21 pm\n\nIt’s a starch and helps hold these together. I don’t follow THM exactly, I am\nlow carb, It’s only that my recipes are often good for THM so many THM mamas\nfollow me! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Lori says\n\nSeptember 10, 2015 at 11:50 pm\n\nDo you think we might be able to substitute oat fiber or oat flour for the\narrowroot? (I’m also a THM) I’m thinking these would be amazing, in an Italian\nmeal, with some Italian seasoning incorporated in the dough, and asiago or\nparmesan cheese on the outside.\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nSeptember 11, 2015 at 9:32 am\n\nYou can certainly try it. I don’t know how well it will hold together.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Wayfaring Wybles says\n\nSeptember 9, 2015 at 3:55 pm\n\nAll day we will be dreaming about these cheese sticks! So good!\n\nReply\n\n 23. Charlene says\n\nNovember 19, 2015 at 4:05 pm\n\nI can’t wait to try these. Need to get a few ingredients. I must have cheered\nyou across the finish line. My boyfriend and I were staying at the Hilton and\njoined the festivities across the street and down the hill. Good for you! I\nlove Cabot cheeses also!\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nNovember 19, 2015 at 5:49 pm\n\nThanks, Charlene.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Maria Tanger says\n\nJuly 28, 2016 at 4:05 pm\n\nI love cheese sticks and being on a keto diet it’s hard to replace cheezy &\ncrunchy snacks! I tried these for a dinner party and turned out GREAT and\ncrunchy! Everybody loved them and I’ll be making them again this weekend!\nThanks a lot!\n\nReply\n\n * Carolyn says\n\nJuly 31, 2016 at 5:47 pm\n\nSo glad to hear it!\n\nReply\n\n 25. Alan Synnott says\n\nOctober 28, 2016 at 9:30 pm\n\nLove many of these recipes. Would be great if you could include metric\nmeasures and temperatures. Would save converting everything.\n\nYour Choc Chip Oat Biscuits (Cookies) were just great.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### ORDER MY COOKBOOK\n\nLooking for the best low carb recipes? You've come to the right place! I'm\nCarolyn, a major carnivore and an unrepentant sweet tooth. Here you will find\nall you need to enjoy the low carb keto lifestyle to the fullest! Read more\n\n### Most Popular Posts\n\n### Low Carb Summer Recipes\n\n### Low Carb Dinner Recipes\n\n### Amazon Associates\n\nAll Day I Dream About Food is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC\nAssociates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a\nmeans for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to\namazon.com.\n\n## Footer\n\n> All Day I Dream About Food\n\nCOPYRIGHT © 2017 · ALL DAY I DREAM ABOUT FOOD · Genesis Theme Customized by\nGRITS DESIGN · DISCLOSURE POLICY\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nPin\n\nStumble\n\nYum\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.gutenberg.org:80/files/15464/15464-h/15464-h.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200208191102/http://www.gutenberg.org:80/files/15464/15464-h/15464-h.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Foods That Will Win the War And How to Cook Them.", "passages": [ "The Project Gutenberg EBook of Foods That Will Win The War And How To Cook Them (1918), by C. Houston Goudiss and Alberta M. Goudiss This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Foods That Will Win The War And How To Cook Them (1918) Author: C. Houston Goudiss and Alberta M. Goudiss Release Date: March 25, 2005 [EBook #15464] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FOODS THAT WILL WIN THE WAR *** Produced by Albert R. Mann Library. Home Economics Archive: Research, Tradition and History (HEARTH). Ithaca, NY: Albert R. Mann Library, Cornell University, Audrey Longhurst, William Flis, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team.\nFOODS THAT WILL WIN THE WAR", "The authors can be reached by addressing the WORLD SYNDICATE COMPANY NEW YORK [pg 2] Copyright 1918 by THE FORECAST PUBLISHING CO.", "Food will win the war, and the nation whose food resources are best conserved will be the victor. This is the truth that our government is trying to drive home to every man, woman and child in America. We have always been happy in the fact that ours was the richest nation in the world, possessing unlimited supplies of food, fuel, energy and ability; but rich as these resources are they will not meet the present food shortage unless every family and every individual enthusiastically co-operates in the national saving campaign as outlined by the United States Food Administration.", "The regulations prescribed for this saving campaign are simple and easy of application. Our government does not ask us to give up three square meals a day—nor even one. All it asks is that we substitute as far as possible corn and other cereals for wheat, reduce a little our meat consumption and save sugar and fats by careful utilization of these products.", "There are few housekeepers who are not eager to help in this saving campaign, and there are few indeed who do not feel the need of conserving family resources. But just how is sometimes a difficult task.", "This book is planned to solve the housekeeper's problem. It shows how to substitute cereals and other grains for wheat, how to cut down the meat bill by the use of meat extension and meat substitute dishes which supply equivalent nutrition at much less cost; it shows the use of syrup and other products that save sugar, and it explains [pg 5] how to utilize all kinds of fats. It contains 47 recipes for the making of war breads; 64 recipes on low- cost meat dishes and meat substitutes; 54 recipes for sugarless desserts; menus for meatless and wheatless days, methods of purchasing—in all some two hundred ways of meeting present food conditions at minimum cost and without the sacrifice of nutrition.", "Not only have its authors planned to help the woman in the home, conserve the family income, but to encourage those saving habits which must be acquired by this nation if we are to secure a permanent peace that will insure the world against another onslaught by the Prussian military powers.", "A little bit of saving in food means a tremendous aggregate total, when 100,000,000 people are doing the saving. One wheatless meal a day would not mean hardship; there are always corn and other products to be used. Yet one wheatless meal a day in every family would mean a saving of 90,000,000 bushels of wheat, which totals 5,400,000,000 lbs. Two meatless days a week would mean a saving of 2,200,000 lbs. of meat per annum. One teaspoonful of sugar per person saved each day would insure a supply ample to take care of our soldiers and our Allies. These quantities mean but a small individual sacrifice, but when multiplied by our vast population they will immeasurably aid and encourage the men who are giving their lives to the noble cause of humanity on which our nation has embarked.", "[pg 8] The Recipes in this book have been examined and approved by the United States Food Administration Illustrations furnished by courtesy of the United States Food Administration [pg 9]", "All the recipes in this book have been prepared and used in The School of Modern Cookery conducted by The Forecast Magazine and have been endorsed by the U.S. Food Administration. They have been worked out under the direction of Grace E. Frysinger, graduate in Domestic Science of Drexel Institute, of Philadelphia, and the University of Chicago. Miss Frysinger, who has had nine years' experience as a teacher of Domestic Science, has earnestly used her skill to make these recipes practical for home use, and at the same time accurate and scientific.", "The above illustration shows a class at the School of Modern Cookery. These classes are entirely free, the instruction being given in the interest of household economics. The foods cooked during the demonstration are sampled by the students and in this way it is possible to get in close touch with the needs of the homemakers and the tastes of the average family.", "A slice of bread seems an unimportant thing. Yet one good-sized slice of bread weighs an ounce. It contains almost three-fourths of an ounce of flour.", "If every one of the country's 20,000,000 homes wastes on the average only one such slice of bread a day, the country is throwing away daily over 14,000,000 ounces of flour—over 875,000 pounds, or enough flour for over a million one- pound loaves a day. For a full year at this rate there would be a waste of over 319,000,000 pounds of flour—1,500,000 barrels—enough flour to make 365,000,000 loaves.", "As it takes four and one-half bushels of wheat to make a barrel of ordinary flour, this waste would represent the flour from over 7,000,000 bushels of wheat. Fourteen and nine-tenths bushels of wheat on the average are raised per acre. It would take the product of some 470,000 acres just to provide a single slice of bread to be wasted daily in every home.", "But some one says, \"a full slice of bread is not wasted in every home.\" Very well, make it a daily slice for every four or every ten or every thirty homes—make it a weekly or monthly slice in every home—or make the wasted slice thinner. The waste of flour involved is still appalling. These are figures compiled by government experts, and they should give pause to every housekeeper who permits a slice of bread to be wasted in her home.", "Another source of waste of which few of us take account is home-made bread. Sixty per cent. of the bread used in America is made in the home. When one stops to consider how much home-made bread is poorly made, and represents a large waste of flour, yeast and fuel, this housewifely energy is not so commendable. The bread flour used in the home is also in the main wheat flour, and all waste of wheat at the present time increases the shortage of this most necessary food.", "Fuel, too, is a serious national problem, and all coal used in either range, gas, or electric oven for the baking of poor bread is an actual national loss. There must be no waste in poor baking or from poor care after the bread is made, or from the waste of a crust or crumb.", "Waste in your kitchen means starvation in some other kitchen across the sea. Our Allies are asking for 450,000,000 bushels of wheat, and we are told that even then theirs will be a privation loaf. Crop shortage and unusual demand has left Canada and the United States, which are the largest sources of wheat, with but 300,000,000 bushels available for export. The deficit must be met by reducing consumption on this side the Atlantic. This can be done by eliminating waste and by making use of cereals and flours other than wheat in bread-making.", "The wide use of wheat flour for bread-making has been due to custom. In Europe rye and oats form the staple breads of many countries, and in some sections of the [pg 13] South corn-bread is the staff of life. We have only to modify a little our bread-eating habits in order to meet the present need. Other cereals can well be used to eke out the wheat, but they require slightly different handling.", "In making yeast breads, the essential ingredient is gluten, which is extended by carbon dioxide gas formed by yeast growth. With the exception of rye, grains other than wheat do not contain sufficient gluten for yeast bread, and it is necessary to use a wheat in varying proportions in order to supply the deficient gluten. Even the baker's rye loaf is usually made of one-half rye and one-half wheat. This is the safest proportion for home use in order to secure a good texture.", "When oatmeal is used, it is necessary to scald the oatmeal to prevent a raw taste. Oatmeal also makes a softer dough than wheat, and it is best to make the loaf smaller and bake it longer: about one hour instead of the forty-five minutes which we allow for wheat bread.", "The addition of one-third barley flour to wheat flour makes a light colored, good flavored bread. If a larger proportion than this is used, the loaf has a decided barley flavor. If you like this flavor and increase the proportion of barley, be sure to allow the dough a little longer time to rise, as by increasing the barley you weaken the gluten content of your loaf.", "Rice and cornmeal can be added to wheat breads in a 10 per cent. proportion. Laboratory tests have shown that any greater proportion than this produces a heavy, small loaf.", "Potato flour or mashed potato can be used to extend the wheat, it being possible to work in almost 50 per cent. of potato, but this makes a darker and moister loaf than when wheat alone is used. In order to take care of this [pg 14] moisture, it is best to reserve part of the wheat for the second kneading.", "Graham and entire wheat flour also effect a saving of wheat because a larger percentage of the wheat berry is used. Graham flour is the whole kernel of wheat, ground. Entire wheat flour is the flour resulting from the grinding of all but the outer layer of wheat. A larger use of these coarser flours will therefore help materially in eking out our scant wheat supply as the percentage of the wheat berry used for bread flour is but 72 per cent. Breads made from these coarser flours also aid digestion and are a valuable addition to the dietary.", "In order to keep down waste by eliminating the poor batch of bread, it is necessary to understand the principles of bread-making. Fermentation is the basic principle of yeast bread, and fermentation is controlled by temperature. The yeast plant grows at a temperature from 70 to 90 degrees (Fahrenheit), and if care is taken to maintain this temperature during the process of fermentation, waste caused by sour dough or over-fermentation will be eliminated. When we control the temperature we can also reduce the time necessary for making a loaf of bread, or several loaves of bread as may be needed, into as short a period as three hours. This is what is known as the quick method. It not only saves time and labor, but, controlling the temperature, insures accurate results. The easiest way to control the temperature is to put the bowl containing the dough into another of slightly larger size containing water at a temperature of 90 degrees. The water of course should never be hot. Hot water kills the yeast plant. Cold water checks its growth. Cover the bowl and set it in the gas oven or fireless cooker or on the shelf of the coal range. As the water in the large bowl cools off, remove a cupful and add a cupful of hot water. At the end of one and one-half hours the [pg 15] dough should have doubled in bulk. Take it out of the pan and knead until the large gas bubbles are broken (about ten minutes). Then place in greased bread pans and allow to rise for another half hour. At the end of this time it will not only fill the pan, but will project out of it. Do not allow the dough to rise too high, for then the bread will have large holes in it. A good proportion as a general rule to follow, is:", "In this recipe sugar has been omitted because of the serious shortage, but after the war a teaspoon of sugar should be added. The shortening, although small in quantity, may also be omitted.", "It is well to divide the oven time into four parts. During the first quarter, the rising continues; second quarter, browning begins; the third quarter, browning is finished; [pg 16] the fourth quarter, bread shrinks from the side of the pan. These are always safe tests to follow in your baking. When baked, the bread should be turned out of the pans and allow to cool on a wire rack. When cool, put the bread in a stone crock or bread box. To prevent staleness, keep the old bread away from the fresh—scald the bread crock or give your bread box a sun bath at frequent intervals.", "Even with all possible care to prevent waste, yeast breads will not conserve our wheat supply so well as quick breads, because all yeast breads need a larger percentage of wheat. The home baker can better serve her country by introducing into her menus numerous quick breads that can be made from cornmeal, rye, corn and rye, hominy, and buckwheat. Griddle cakes and waffles can also be made from lentils, soy beans, potatoes, rice and peas.", "Do not expect that the use of other cereals in bread-making will reduce the cost of your bread. That is not the object. Saving of wheat for war needs is the thing we are striving for, and this is as much an act of loyalty as buying Liberty Bonds. It is to meet the crucial world need of bread that we are learning to substitute, and not to spare the national purse.", "Besides this saving of wheat, our Government also asks us to omit all fat from our yeast breads in order to conserve the diminishing fat supply. This may seem impossible to the woman who has never made bread without shortening, but recent experiments in bread-making laboratories have proved that bread, without shortening, is just as light and as good in texture as that made with shortening—the only difference being a slight change in flavor. These experiments have also shown that it is possible to supply shortening by the introduction of 3 per cent. to 5 per cent. of canned cocoanut or of peanut butter, [pg 17] and that sugar may also be omitted from bread-making recipes. In fact, the war is bringing about manifold interesting experiments which prove that edible and nutritious bread can be made of many things besides the usual white flour.", "The recipes herewith appended, showing the use of combinations of cereals and wheat, have been carefully tested in The Forecast School of Modern Cookery. Good bread can be made from each recipe, and the new flavors obtained by the use of other grains make a pleasing and wholesome variety.", "A family which has eaten oatmeal or entire wheat bread will never again be satisfied with a diet that includes only bread made from bleached flour. Children, especially, will be benefited by the change, as the breads made from coarser flours are not only more nutritious, but are rich in the minerals and vitamine elements that are so essential to the growth of strong teeth, bones and growing tissues.", "The homemaker, too, will never regret her larger acquaintance with bread- making materials, as the greater variety of breads that she will find herself able to produce will be a source of pleasure and keen satisfaction.", "Mix and sift dry ingredients and cut in the fat. Beat the egg and add to it the milk. Combine the liquid with the dry ingredients. Shape as Parker House rolls and bake in a hot oven 12 to 15 minutes.", "Scald cornmeal with boiling water. Soak bread in cold water and milk. Separate yolks and whites of eggs. Beat each until light. Mix ingredients in order given, folding in whites of eggs last. Bake in buttered dish in hot oven 50 minutes.", "Mix water and cornmeal and bring to the boiling point and cook 5 minutes. Beat eggs well and add with other materials to the mush. Beat well and bake in a well-greased pan for 25 minutes in a hot oven. Serve from the same dish with a spoon. Serve with milk or syrup.", "Sift dry ingredients. Cut in the fat. Add liquid and drop by spoonfuls on greased baking sheet. Bake in hot oven 12 to 15 minutes. These may be rolled and cut same as baking powder biscuits.", "Cook milk and meal in a double boiler 20 minutes; add molasses, salt and ginger. Pour into greased pudding dish and bake two hours in a slow oven, or use fireless cooker. Serve with milk. This makes a good and nourishing dessert. Serves six.", "To the cornmeal and 1 teaspoon salt, add boiling water. Cook one-half hour. Brown onion in fat, add meat. Add salt, 1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne, the tomatoes and green peppers. Grease baking dish, put in layer of cornmeal mush, add seasoned meat, and cover with mush. Bake one-half hour.", "Mix dry ingredients. Add milk, well-beaten egg, and melted fat. Beat well. Bake in shallow pan for about 30 minutes.", "To oatmeal add the sugar, salt and fat. Mix the yeast cake with the lukewarm water, add it to the other materials and stir in the flour until the dough will not stick to the sides of the bowl. Knead until elastic, ten to fifteen minutes, moisten the top of the dough with a little water to prevent a hard crust forming, and set to rise in a warm place. When double its bulk, knead again for a few minutes. Shape into loaves and put into greased pans. Let rise double in bulk and bake in a moderate oven for about 50 minutes.", "Scald the rolled oats with the boiling water and let stand until cool. Dissolve the yeast in the lukewarm water and add to the first mixture when cool. Add the molasses, salt and melted fat. Stir in enough bread flour to knead. Turn on a floured board. Knead lightly. Return to bowl and let rise until double in bulk. Knead and shape in loaves and let rise until double again. Bake in a moderate oven 45 minutes.", "Pour two cups of boiling water over oatmeal, cover and let stand until lukewarm. Dissolve yeast and sugar in one-half cup lukewarm water, add shortening and add this to the oatmeal and water. Add one cup of flour, or enough to make an ordinary sponge. Beat well. Cover and set aside in a moderately warm place to rise for one hour.", "Add enough flour to make a dough—about three cups, add nuts and the salt. Knead well. Place in greased bowl, cover and let rise in a moderately warm place until double in bulk—about one and one-half hour. Mould into loaves, fill well-greased pans half full, cover and let rise again one hour. Bake forty-five minutes in a moderate oven.", "Sift dry ingredients. Cut in the fat. Add liquid and drop by spoonfuls on greased baking sheet. Bake in hot oven 12 to 15 minutes. These may be rolled and cut same as baking powder biscuits. (If uncooked rolled oats are used, allow to stand in the milk for 30 minutes before making recipe.)", "Combine ingredients. Mix into dough and knead. Let rise until double original bulk. Knead again. When double bulk, bake about", "Mix dry ingredients thoroughly. Add milk, nuts and melted shortening. Knead. Shape into rolls. Put into greased pans. Let stand one-half hour. Bake in moderate oven 30 minutes.", "To the boiling water, add the sugar, fat and salt. When lukewarm, add the yeast which has been dissolved in the lukewarm water. Add the rye and whole wheat flour. Cover and let rise until twice its bulk, shape into loaves; let rise until double and bake about 40 minutes, in a moderately hot oven.", "Sift dry ingredients. Cut in the fat. Add liquid and drop by spoonfuls on greased baking sheet. Bake in hot oven 12 to 15 minutes. These may be rolled and cut same as baking powder biscuits.", "Soften the yeast in 1⁄4 cup lukewarm liquid. Combine ingredients. Mix into a dough. Knead and let rise to double original bulk. Knead again. Put in pan; when again double in bulk bake 45 minutes.", "Sift flour, barley meal, salt and baking powder. Dissolve soda in a little cold water and add to sour milk. Combine flour mixture and sour milk, add beaten egg and melted fat. Bake in muffin pans in a moderate oven 25 minutes.", "Heat drippings in saucepan until slightly brown, add water and when boiling, add barley meal, stirring constantly. Cook in a double boiler one-half hour, cool, and add well-beaten yolks. Fold in whites, beaten. Bake in greased dish in moderate oven one-half hour.", "Scald the milk, pour this on the meal and cook in double boiler one-half hour; add molasses, salt and ginger. Pour into greased pudding dish and bake two hours in a slow oven. Serve either hot or cold with syrup.", "Sift flour, barley meal, salt and baking powder together. Add fat. Dissolve soda in one tablespoon cold water and add to sour milk. Combine flour mixture and sour milk to form a soft dough. Turn out on a well-floured board, knead slightly, roll to one-half inch thickness; cut in small pieces and bake in a hot oven 15 minutes.", "Add melted fat to mashed potato. Mix and sift flour, baking powder and salt and add to potato mixture, add enough of the milk to make a soft dough. Roll out 1⁄2 inch thick, cut with a biscuit cutter and bake in a quick oven for 15 minutes. (If bread flour is used in place of whole wheat, the biscuits are slightly lighter and flakier in texture.)", "Make dough as usual. Let rise in warm place for 15 minutes. Mould into loaf, put in pan, let rise until double in bulk in warm place. Bake for 45 minutes in hot oven.", "Dissolve yeast in milk (luke warm). Stir in dry ingredients. Add potato and knead until smooth. Let rise until light. Roll thin, fold over, bake until brown.", "Mix as ordinary bread dough. Add 2 cups cornmeal and 2 cups rye meal and enough whole wheat flour to knead. Let rise, knead, shape, let rise again in the pan and bake 45 minutes.", "Cover crumbs with milk and soak 10 minutes. Beat smooth, add egg yolks, dry ingredients sifted together and fat. Fold in beaten whites of eggs. Bake in muffin tins in moderate oven for 15 minutes.", "Scald meal with boiling water, mix soda and molasses. Mix dry ingredients, mix all thoroughly. Bake in muffin pans one-half hour.", "Sift dry ingredients. Cut in fat. Add liquid to make soft dough. Roll one-half inch thick. Cut and bake 12 to 15 minutes in hot oven.", "Mix bread crumbs, flour, salt; add beaten egg, fat and cereal; mix soda with sour milk and add to other ingredients.", "Soak peas over night, cook, and when tender, put through a food chopper and mix the ingredients. Bake on hot greased griddle.", "Parboil potatoes in the skins for fifteen minutes. Pare and chop fine or put through food chopper. Mix potatoes, milk, eggs and salt. Sift the flour and baking powder and stir into a smooth batter. Thin with hot water as necessary. Bake on a greased griddle.", "Add milk to rice and stir until smooth. Add salt, egg yolks beaten; add flour sifted with baking powder and salt; add fat; add stiffly beaten whites.", "Cook cornmeal and milk in double boiler 10 minutes. Sift dry ingredients. Add milk, cornmeal; beaten yolks; fat, beaten whites.", "Sift dry ingredients. Add beaten yolks added to milk. Add fat and stiffly beaten whites. If waffles are not crisp add more liquid.", "As a nation we eat and waste 80 per cent. more meat than we require to maintain health. This statement, recently issued by the United States Food Administration, is appalling when we consider that there is a greater demand for meat in the world to-day than ever before, coupled with a greatly decreased production. The increase in the demand for meat and animal products is due to the stress of the war. Millions of men are on the fighting line doing hard physical labor, and require a larger food allowance than when they were civilians. To meet the demand for meat and to save their grains, our Allies have been compelled to kill upward of thirty-three million head of their stock animals, and they have thus stifled their animal production. This was burning the [pg 30] candle at both ends, and they now face increased demand handicapped by decreased production.", "America must fill the breach. Not only must we meet the present increased demand, but we must be prepared as the war advances to meet an even greater demand for this most necessary food. The way out of this serious situation is first to reduce meat consumption to the amount really needed and then to learn to use other foods that will supply the food element which is found in meat. This element is called protein, and we depend upon it to build and repair body tissues.", "Although most persons believe that protein can only be obtained from meat, it is found in many other foods, such as milk, skim milk, cheese, cottage cheese, poultry, eggs, fish, dried peas, beans, cow peas, lentils and nuts. For instance, pound for pound, salmon, either fresh or canned, equals round steak in protein content; cream cheese contains one-quarter more protein and three times as much fat; peanuts (hulled) one-quarter more protein and three and a half times as much fat; beans (dried) a little more protein and one-fifth as much fat; eggs (one dozen) about the same in protein and one-half more fat. It is our manifest duty to learn how to make the best use of these foods in order to save beef, pork and mutton, to be shipped across the sea. This means that the housekeeper has before her the task of training the family palate to accept new food preparations. Training the family palate is not easy, because bodies that have grown accustomed to certain food combinations find it difficult to get along without them, and rebel at a change. If these habits of diet are suddenly disturbed we may upset digestion, as well as create a feeling of dissatisfaction which is equally harmful to physical well-being. The wise housekeeper will therefore make her changes gradually.", "In reducing meat in the diet of a family that has been [pg 31] used to having meat twice a day, it will be well to start out with meat once a day and keep up this régime for a couple of weeks. Then drop meat for a whole day, supplying in its stead a meat substitute dish that will furnish the same nutriment. After a while you can use meat substitutes at least twice a week without disturbing the family's mental or physical equilibrium. It would be well also to introduce dishes that extend the meat flavor, such as stews combined with dumplings, hominy, or rice; pot pies or short cakes with a dressing of meat and vegetables; meat loaf, souffle or croquettes in which meat is combined with bread crumbs, potato or rice.", "Meat eating is largely a matter of flavor. If flavor is supplied, the reduction of meat in the diet can be made with little annoyance. Nutrition can always be supplied in the other dishes that accompany the meal, as a certain proportion of protein is found in almost every food product. The meat that we use to obtain flavor in sauces and gravies need not be large in quantity, nor expensive in cut. The poor or cheap cuts have generally more flavor than the expensive ones, the difference being entirely in texture and tenderness, freedom from gristle and inedible tissue. There are many cereals, such as rice, hominy, cornmeal, samp and many vegetable dishes, especially dried beans of all kinds, that are greatly improved by the addition of meat sauce and when prepared in this way may be served as the main dish of a meal.", "Dr. Harvey W. Wiley has stated that the meat eating of the future will not be regarded as a necessity so much as it has been in the past, and that meat will be used more as a condimental substance. Europe has for years used meat for flavor rather than for nutriment. It would seem that the time has come for Americans to learn the use of meat for flavor and to utilize more skillfully the protein of other foods.", "It may be difficult to convince the meat lover that he can radically reduce the proportion of meat in his diet without detriment to health. Many persons adhere to the notion that you are not nourished unless you eat meat; that meat foods are absolutely necessary to maintain the body strength. This idea is entirely without foundation, for the foods mentioned as meat substitutes earlier in this chapter can be made to feed the world, and feed it well—in fact, no nation uses so large a proportion of meat as America.", "The first step, therefore, in preparing ourselves to reduce meat consumption is to recognize that only a small quantity of meat is necessary to supply sufficient protein for adult life. The growing child or the youth springing into manhood needs a larger percentage of meat than the adult, and in apportioning the family's meat ration this fact should not be overlooked.", "The second step is to reduce the amount purchased, choosing cuts that contain the least waste, and by utilizing with care that which we do purchase. Fat, trimmings, and bones all have their uses and should be saved from the garbage pail.", "Careful buying, of course, depends on a knowledge of cuts, a study of the percentage of waste in each cut, and the food value of the different kinds of meat. Make a study of the different cuts, as shown in the charts on pages 36, 37, and armed with this knowledge go forth to the butcher for practical buying.", "Then comes the cooking, which can only be properly done when the fundamental principles of the cooking processes, such as boiling, braising, broiling, stewing, roasting and frying are understood. Each cut requires different handling to secure the maximum amount of nutriment and flavor. The waste occasioned by improper cooking is a large factor in both household and national economy.", "It has been estimated that a waste of an ounce each day of edible meat or fat in the twenty million American homes amounts to 456,000,000 pounds of valuable animal food a year. At average dressed weights, this amounts to 875,000 steers, or over 3,000,000 hogs. Each housekeeper, therefore, who saves her ounce a day aids in this enormous saving, which will mean so much in the feeding of our men on the fighting line.", "So the housekeeper who goes to her task of training the family palate to accept meat substitutes and meat economy dishes, who revolutionizes her methods of cooking so as to utilize even \"the pig's squeak,\" will be doing her bit toward making the world safe for democracy.", "The following charts, tables of nutritive values and suggested menus have been arranged to help her do this work. The American woman has her share in this great world struggle, and that is the intelligent conservation of food.", "BEEF—Dull red as cut, brighter after exposure to air; lean, well mottled with fat; flesh, firm; fat, yellowish in color. Best beef from animal 3 to 5 years old, weighing 900 to 1,200 pounds. Do not buy wet, soft, or pink beef.", "LAMB—(Spring Lamb 3 months to 6 months old; season, February to March.) Bones of lamb should be small; end of bone in leg of lamb should be serrated; flesh pink, and fat white.", "PORK—The lean should be fine grained and pale pink. The skin should be smooth and clear. If flesh is soft, or fat yellowish, pork is not good.", "Less expensive cuts of meat have more nourishment than the more expensive, and if properly cooked and seasoned, have as much tenderness. Tough cuts, as chuck or top sirloin, may be boned and rolled and then roasted by the same method as tender cuts, the only difference will be that the tougher cuts require longer cooking. Have the bones from rolled meats sent home to use for soups. Corned beef may be selected from flank, naval, plate or brisket. These cuts are more juicy than rump or round cuts.", "3. For steaks use flank, round or chuck. If these cuts are pounded, or both pounded and rubbed with a mixture of 1 part vinegar and 2 parts oil before cooking, they will be very tender.", "4. Soups—Buy shin or neck. The meat from these may be utilized by serving with horseradish or mustard sauce, or combined with equal amount of fresh meat for meat loaf, scalloped dish, etc.", "Place the roast in a hot oven, or if gas is used, put in the broiling oven to sear the outside quickly, and thus keep in the juices. Salt, pepper and flour. If an open roasting pan is used place a few tablespoonfuls of fat and 1 cup of water in the pan, which should be used to baste the roast frequently. If a covered pan is used basting is unnecessary.", "Beef or mutton| (5 to 8 lbs.)| 10 min. to the lb.| 10 min. extra ---|---|---|--- Lamb| (5 to 8 lbs.)| 12 min. to the lb.| 12 min. extra Veal| (5 to 8 lbs.)| 15 min. to the lb.| 15 min. extra Pork| (5 to 8 lbs.)| 25 min. to the lb.| 25 min. extra Turkey| 20 min. to the lb. Chicken| 30 min. to the lb. Duck| 30 min. to the lb. Goose| 30 min. to the lb. Game| 30 min. to the lb.", "4. Sautéing—Cooking in pan in small amount of fat. Commonly termed \"frying.\" Used for steaks, chops, etc. Time table same as for broiling.", "2. Steaming—A method of cooking by utilizing steam from boiling water, which retains more food value than any other. Too seldom applied to meats.", "A—For croquettes made from food requiring little cooking, such as oysters, or from previously cooked mixtures, as rice, fish or meat croquettes, bread should brown in one-half minute.", "1. Pot Roasting—Cooking (by use of steam from small amount of water) tough cuts of meat which have been browned but not cooked thoroughly.", "Season meat. Dredge with flour. Sear in hot pan until well browned. Place oil rack in pot containing water to height of one inch, but do not let water reach the meat. Keep water slowly boiling. Replenish as needed with boiling water. This method renders tough cuts tender, but requires several hours cooking.", "2. Stewing—A combination of methods which draws part of flavor into gravy and retains part in pieces which are to be used as meat.", "Cut meat into pieces suitable for serving. Cover one-half of meat with cold water. Let stand one hour. Bring slowly to boiling point. Dredge other half of meat with flour and brown in small amount of fat. Add to the other mixture and cook slowly 11⁄2 to 2 hours, or until tender, adding diced vegetables, thickening and seasoning as desired one-half hour before cooking is finished.", "Brown meat in small amount of fat. Place in boiling water to cover. Cook slowly until tender. To 1 pint of water in which meat is cooked, add 1⁄4 cup flour, 1 teaspoon salt, 1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne, and 1⁄4 cup milk, thoroughly blended. When at boiling point, add one beaten egg, 1 tablespoon chopped parsley and 1 tablespoon cold water well mixed, Add cooked meat and serve.", "Name| Water %| Protein %| Fat %| Carbo- hydrate %| Mineral Matter %| Calories per lb. ---|---|---|---|---|---|--- Cheese| 34.2| 25.2| 31.7| 2.4| 3.8| 1,950 Eggs| 73.7| 13.4| 10.5| ...| 1.0| 720 Milk| 87.0| 3.3| 4.0| 5.0| 0.7| 310 Beef| 54.8| 23.5| 20.4| ...| 1.2| 1,300 Cod| 58.5| 11.1| 0.2| ...| 0.8| 209 Salmon| 64.0| 22.0| 12.8| ...| 1.4| 923 Peas| 85.3| 3.6| 0.2| 9.8| 1.1| 252 Baked Beans| 68.9| 6.9| 2.5| 19.6| 2.1| 583 Lentils| 15.9| 25.1| 1.0| 56.1| 1.1| 1,620 Peanuts| 9.2| 25.8| 38.6| 24.4| 0.2| 2,490 String Beans| 93.7| 1.1| 0.1| 3.8| 1.3| 92 Walnuts| 2.5| 18.4| 64.4| 13.0| 1.7| 3,182 Almonds| 4.8| 21.0| 54.9| 17.3| 2.0| 2,940", "Don't buy more than your family actually needs. Study and know what the actual needs are, and you will not make unnecessary expenditures.", "Learn what the various cuts of meat are, what they can be used for, and which are best suited to the particular needs of your household.", "Always buy a definite quantity. Ask what the pound rate is, and note any fractional part of the weight. Don't ask for \"ten or twenty cents' worth.\"", "Select your meat or fish personally. There is no doubt that high retail prices are due to the tendency of many housewives to do their buying by telephone or through their servants.", "Test the freshness of meat and fish. Staleness of meat and fish is shown by loose and flabby flesh. The gills of fresh fish are red and the fins stiff.", "Make all the purchases possible at a public market, if you can walk to it, or if carfare will not make too large an increase in the amount you have set aside for the day's buying.", "A food chopper can be made to pay for itself in a short time by the great variety of ways it furnishes of utilizing left-overs.", "Buy the ends of bacon strips. They are just as nutritious as sliced bacon and cost 50 per cent. less.", "Don't throw away the heads and bones of fish. Clean them and use them with vegetables for fish chowder or cream of fish soup.", "Study attractive ways of serving food. Plain, cheap, dishes can be made appetizing if they look attractive on the table.", "Experiment with meat substitutes. Cheese, dried vegetables and the cheaper varieties of fish can supply all the nutriment of meat at a much lower cost.", "Don't do your cooking \"by guess.\" If the various ingredients are measured accurately, the dish will taste better and cost less.", "Don't buy delicatessen food if you can possibly avoid it. Delicatessen meals cost 15 per cent. more than the same meals cooked at home, and the food is not as nourishing. You pay for the cooking and the rent of the delicatessen store, as well as the proprietor's profit.", "Don't pay five or ten cents more a dozen for white eggs in the belief that they are superior to brown eggs. The food value of each is the same. The difference in shell color is due to the breed of hen.", "Tell the butcher to give you the trimmings of chicken, i.e., the head, feet, fat and giblets. They make delicious chicken soup. The feet contain gelatine, which gives soup consistency.", "Buy a tough, and consequently less expensive, chicken and make it tender by steaming it for three hours before roasting.", "Try to find a way to buy at least a part of your meats and eggs direct from the farm. You will get fresher, better food, and if it is sent by parcels post it can usually be delivered to your table for much less than city prices.", "Reserve the water and the flour. Mix other ingredients. Spread on steak. Roll the steak and tie. Roll in the flour. Brown in two tablespoons of fat. Add the water—cover and cook until tender.", "Soak one-half of the meat, cut in small pieces, in the quart of water for one hour. Heat slowly to boiling point. Season the other half of the meat with salt and pepper. Roll in flour. Brown in three tablespoons of fat with the onion. Add to the soaked meat, which has been brought to the boiling point. Cook one hour or until tender. Add the vegetables, and flour mixed with half cup of cold water. Cook until vegetables are tender.", "For the soufflé, cook together breadcrumbs and milk for two minutes. Remove from fire, add ham and mix well. Add egg yolks, first beating these well; also the parsley (one tablespoon), onion and paprika. Fold in, last of all, the egg whites whipped to a stiff, dry froth. Turn quickly into a well-greased baking dish and bake in moderate oven for thirty-five minutes, or until firm to the touch; meantime, make the parsley sauce, so that both can be served instantly when the soufflé is done; then it will not fall and grow tough.", "For the parsley sauce, melt the butter in saucepan and stir in the flour, stirring until perfectly smooth, then add the milk slowly, stirring constantly; cook until thick, stir in the parsley and salt, and serve at once in a gravy boat.", "Any cold meat may be used for this. Cut it into inch pieces. Slice the onion and potato and fry in drippings until onion is slightly browned. Add the meat and stock, or hot water, or dissolve in hot water any left-over meat gravy. Cook all together until potato is soft, but not crumbled; season with the pepper and salt. Thicken with a tablespoon of flour and turn into a pudding dish.", "Make a batter by sifting together flour, baking-powder and salt; stir in the egg and milk, mixed with the water. Beat hard until free from lumps, then pour over meat and vegetables in the pudding and bake until brown.", "Put meat and vegetables in baking dish. Cover with rice, hominy, or samp, which has been cooked. Bake until brown.", "Melt the fat. Add the dry ingredients and the liquid slowly. When at boiling point, add hominy and ham. Stir in the egg. Place in a baking-dish. Cover with buttered crumbs. Bake until brown.", "To 1 tablespoon of gelatine, softened in 1⁄2 cup of cold water add 1 cup of hot tomato juice and pulp. Add seasoned meat. Chill and slice. May be served with salad dressing.", "Melt fat in frying pan. Put in all the other ingredients. Cook over a slow fire for 1⁄2 hour. Fold and serve as omelet.", "Mix flour, salt and baking powder. Rub in shortening, and mix to dough with milk and water. Roll out to quarter of an inch thickness, bake in layer cake tins. Put together with the chopped meat mixed with the onion and seasoning, and heated hot with the gravy or stock. If stock is used, thicken with a tablespoon of flour mixed with one of butter, or butter substitute. Serve as soon as put together. Cold cooked fish heated in cream sauce may be used for a filling instead of the meat.", "Place a pig's head in 4 quarts of cold water and bring slowly to the boil. Skim carefully and season the liquid highly with salt, cayenne and a teaspoon of rubbed sage. Let the liquid simmer gently until the meat falls from the bones. Strain off the liquid, remove the bones, and chop the meat fine.", "Measure the liquid and allow 1 cup of sifted cornmeal to 3 cups of liquid. Blend the cornmeal in the liquid and simmer until it is the consistency of thick porridge. Stir in the chopped meat and pour in greased baking pans to cool. One-third buckwheat may be used instead of cornmeal, and any kind of chopped meat can be blended with the pork if desired. Any type of savory herb can also be used, according to taste.", "As the main course at a meal, fish may be served accompanied by vegetables or it may be prepared as a \"one-meal dish\" requiring only bread and butter and a simple dessert to complete a nutritious and well balanced diet. A lack of proper knowledge of selection of fish for the different methods of cooking, and the improper cooking of fish once it is acquired, are responsible to a large extent for the prejudice so frequently to be found against the use of fish.", "The kinds of fish obtainable in different markets vary somewhat, but the greatest difficulty for many housekeepers seems to be, to know what fish may best be [pg 45] selected for baking, broiling, etc., and the tests for fish when cooked. An invariable rule for cooking fish is to apply high heat at first, until the flesh is well seared so as to retain the juices; then a lower temperature until the flesh is cooked throughout. Fish is thoroughly cooked when the flesh flakes. For broiling or pan broiling, roll fish in flour or cornmeal, preferably the latter, which has been well seasoned with salt and cayenne. This causes the outside to be crisp and also gives added flavor. Leftover bits of baked or other fish may be combined with white sauce or tomato sauce, or variations of these sauces, and served as creamed fish, or placed in a greased baking dish, crumbs placed on top and browned and served as scalloped fish. Fish canapes, fish cocktail, fish soup or chowder; baked, steamed, broiled or pan broiled fish, entrees without number, and fish salad give opportunity to use it in endless variety.", "Combined with starchy foods such as rice, hominy, macaroni, spaghetti or potato, and accompanied by a green vegetable or fruit, the dish becomes a meal. Leftover bits may also be utilized for salad, either alone with cooked or mayonaise salad dressing, or combined with vegetables such as peas, carrots, cucumbers, etc. The addition of a small amount of chopped pickle to fish salad improves its flavor, or a plain or tomato gelatine foundation may be used as a basis for the salad. The appended lists of fish suitable for the various methods of cooking, and the variety in the recipes for the uses of fish, have been arranged to encourage a wider use of this excellent meat substitute, so largely eaten by European epicures, but too seldom included in American menus. During the period of the war, the larger use of fish is a patriotic measure in that it will save the beef, mutton and pork needed for our armies.", "Place meat or fish and seasonings in greased dish. Make shortcake by sifting dry ingredients, cut in fat, and add liquid. Place on top of meat or fish mixture. Bake 30 minutes.", "Place the codfish, potatoes and pimento in a baking dish. Cover with the tomato sauce, then the breadcrumbs, to which have been added 2 tablespoons of drippings. Bake brown.", "Pour over fish. Let stand, warm, 25 minutes. Pour off. Dot with fat and bake 25 minutes. One tablespoon chopped parsley on top.", "Scald bay-leaf in milk. Make sauce, by melting fat with flour; add dry ingredients, and gradually add the liquid. Add egg. Add fish. Put in baking dish. Cover top with breadcrumbs. Bake 20 minutes.", "Melt fat, add dry ingredients, and gradually the liquid. Then add fish and cheese. Bring to boiling point and serve.", "Alternate layers of the salmon and the crumbled crackers in a well-greased baking dish, sprinkling each layer with salt, pepper, the finely chopped hard- boiled egg, and bits of butter or butter substitute, moistening with the white sauce. Finish with a layer of the fish, sprinkling it with the cracker crumbs dotted with butter. Bake in a moderate oven for 30 minutes, or until the top is well browned.", "Fish for Boiling.—Cod, fresh herring, weakfish, tilefish, sea bass, pickerel, red snapper, salt and fresh mackerel, haddock, halibut, salmon, sheepshead.", "Fish for Broiling.—Bluefish, flounder, fresh mackerel, pompano, salmon steak, black bass, smelts, sea bass steaks, whitefish steaks, trout steaks, shad roe, shad (whole).", "Put milk and cheese in top of double boiler over hot water. Heat until cheese is melted. Mix other ingredients. Add to cheese and milk. Cook five minutes, stirring constantly, and serve at once on toast.", "Melt fat, add dry ingredients. Add liquid slowly. Bring to boiling point. Add cheese. Stir until melted. Pour over macaroni.", "Melt fat, add dry ingredients. Add milk gradually. When at boiling point, add cheese. Pour over cabbage in greased dish and bake 20 minutes. Buttered crumbs may be put on top before baking if desired.", "Heat purée. Add fat, corn, salt, paprika and pimento. When hot, add cheese. When melted, add yolk. Cook till thick. Serve on toast.", "Mix all ingredients except milk and bread. Spread on bread. Pile in baking dish. Pour milk over the mixture. Bake in a moderate oven until firm in center. Serve hot.", "Soak and cook beans. Mix all ingredients into loaf. Baste with fat and water. Bake 30 minutes. Serve with tomato sauce.", "Soak bread 10 minutes in milk. Add fat and cheese. When melted, add egg and seasoning. Cook in double boiler or bake 20 minutes.", "For both the sauces, melt fat, add dry ingredients and, gradually, the liquid. When at boiling point, add cheese and serve. This is an excellent sauce for fish.", "Soak the gelatine in the cold water until soft. Dissolve over hot water. Add the other ingredients. Chill. Serve as a salad or as a lunch or supper entrée.", "Cream fat and flour; add gradually the liquid, and season. When creamy and ready to serve, stir in the cheese, grated.", "Mix like drop baking powder biscuit. Bake 12 minutes in hot oven. This recipe makes twelve biscuits. They are excellent to serve with a vegetable salad as they are high in nutrition.", "Cook celery till tender. Put layer of crumbs in greased baking dish, then celery; cover with cheese and sprinkle with salt and pepper. Repeat to fill dish. Turn in boiling hot milk with 1 cup of celery water. Bake for 30 minutes.", "Sift dry ingredients, add milk, egg and Kornlet. Add oysters last. Fry in deep fat, using a tablespoonful to an oyster.", "Two cups lentils that have been soaked over night. Boil until soft, with 2 small onions and 1 teaspoon each of thyme, savory, marjoram, and 4 cloves. Drain. Add 1 teaspoon of salt, and put into baking dish. Dot with fat. Bake for 30 minutes.", "When the beans are placed on to boil, put tablespoon fat and half an onion with them. After draining well, put through the foodchopper, keeping the liquid for soup stock. Mix all the ingredients, beating the egg white before adding. Form into balls or cylinders, dip in the leftover egg yolk, to which a few drops of water have been added, and then coat with stale bread or cracker crumbs. Be sure the croquettes are well covered, then fry brown. Serve with cream sauce or with scalloped or stewed tomatoes. With a green salad, this is a complete meal.", "Mix well. Bake in greased pan 30 minutes. Serve with tomato sauce, or white sauce, with 2 tablespoons nuts, or 2 teaspoons horseradish added.", "One cup peas, beans or lentils soaked over night, then cooked until tender. Put through colander. To 2 cups of mixture, add:", "Mix thoroughly. Place in greased baking dish. Cover with 2 cups crumbs, to which have been added 2 tablespoons melted fat. Bake 30 minutes in moderate oven.", "Cook spaghetti until tender (about 30 minutes). Cook vegetables until tender in 1 quart water, with 1 teaspoon of salt added. Melt fat, add dry ingredients, add milk gradually and bring to boiling point each time before adding more milk. When all of milk is added, add peanuts. Put in greased baking dish one-half of spaghetti, on top place one-half of vegetables, then one-half of sauce. Repeat, and place in moderately hot oven 30 minutes.", "Melt the fat and brown the flour in it. Add the salt and pepper and gradually the meat stock or water. If water is used, add 1 teaspoon of kitchen bouquet. This may be used for leftover slices or small pieces of any kind of cooked meat.", "\"To provide adequate supplies for the coming year is of absolutely vital importance to the conduct of the war, and without a very conscientious elimination of waste and very strict economy in our food consumption, we cannot hope to fulfill this primary duty.\"", "One ounce of sugar less per person, per day, is all our Government asks of us to meet the world sugar shortage. One ounce of sugar equals two scant level tablespoonfuls and represents a saving that every man, woman and child should be able to make. Giving up soft drinks and the frosting on our cakes, the use of sugarless desserts and confections, careful measuring and thorough stirring of that which we place in our cups of tea and coffee, and the use of syrup, molasses or honey on our pancakes and fritters will more than effect this saving.", "It seems but a small sacrifice, if sacrifice it can be called, when one recognizes that cutting down sugar [pg 58] consumption will be most beneficial to national health. The United States is the largest consumer of sugar in the world. In 1916 Germany's consumption was 20 lbs. per person per year, Italy's 29 to 30 lbs., that of France 37, of England 40, while the United States averaged 85 lbs. This enormous consumption is due to the fact that we are a nation of candy-eaters. We spend annually $80,000,000 on confections. These are usually eaten between meals, causing digestive disturbances as well as unwarranted expense. Sweets are a food and should be eaten at the close of the meal, and if this custom is established during the war, not only will tons of sugar be available for our Allies, but the health of the nation improved.", "The average daily consumption of sugar per person in this country is 5 ounces, and yet nutritional experts agree that not more than 3 ounces a day should be taken. The giving up of one ounce per day will, therefore, be of great value in reducing many prevalent American ailments. Flatulent dyspepsia, rheumatism, diabetes, and stomach acidity are only too frequently traced to an oversupply of sugar in our daily diet.", "Most persons apparently think of sugar merely as a sweetening agent, forgetting entirely the fact that it is a most concentrated food. It belongs to what is called the carbohydrate group, upon which we largely depend for energy and heat. It is especially valuable to the person doing active physical work, the open-air worker, or the healthy, active, growing child, but should be used sparingly by other classes of people. Sugar is not only the most concentrated fuel food in the dietary, but it is one that is very readily utilized in the body, 98 per cent. of it being available for absorption, while within thirty minutes of the time it is taken into the system part of it is available for energy.", "As a food it must be supplied, especially to the classes [pg 59] of people mentioned above, but as a confection it can well be curtailed. When it is difficult to obtain, housekeepers must avail themselves of changed recipes and different combinations to supply the necessary three ounces per day and to gain the much-desired sweet taste so necessary to many of our foods of neutral flavor with which sugar is usually combined.", "Our grandmothers knew how to prepare many dishes without sugar. In their day lack of transportation facilities, of refining methods and various economic factors made molasses, sorghum, honey, etc., the only common methods of sweetening. But the housekeeper of to-day knows little of sweetening mediums except sugar, and sugar shortage is to her a crucial problem. There are many ways, however, of getting around sugar shortage and many methods of supplying the necessary food value and sweetening.", "By the use of marmalades, jams and jellies canned during the season when the sugar supply was less limited, necessity for the use of sugar can be vastly reduced. By the addition to desserts and cereals of dried fruits, raisins, dates, prunes and figs, which contain large amounts of natural sugar, the sugar consumption can be greatly lessened. By utilizing leftover syrup from canned or preserved fruits for sweetening other fruits, and by the use of honey, molasses, maple sugar, maple syrup and corn syrup, large quantities of sugar may be saved. The substitution of sweetened condensed milk for dairy milk in tea, coffee and cocoa—in fact, in all our cooking processes where milk is required—will also immeasurably aid in sugar conservation. The substitutes mentioned are all available in large amounts. Honey is especially valuable for children, as it consists of the more simple sugars which are less irritating than cane sugar, and there is no danger of acid stomach from the amounts generally consumed.", "As desserts are the chief factor in the use of quantities of sugar in our diet, the appended recipes will be of value, as they deal with varied forms of nutritious, attractive sugarless desserts. It is only by the one-ounce savings of each individual member of our great one hundred million population that the world sugar shortage may be met, and it is hoped every housekeeper will study her own time-tested recipes with the view of utilizing as far as possible other forms of sweetening. In most recipes the liquid should be slightly reduced in amount and about one-fifth more of the substitute should be used than the amount of sugar called for.", "With a few tests along this line one will be surprised how readily the substitution may be made. If all sweetening agents become scarce, desserts can well be abandoned. Served at the end of a full meal, desserts are excess food except in the diet of children, where they should form a component part of the meal.", "Soak fruit in water 1 hour. Add other ingredients. Cook directly over fire 5 minutes, then over hot water until clear, about 45 minutes.", "Mix eggs, corn syrup, salt and milk. Dip bread and brown in frying pan. Spread with marmalade or preserves. Pile in baking dish. Cover with any of the custard mixture which is left. Cover with meringue. Bake 15 minutes.", "To prunes, add 1⁄2 cup water and soak 10 minutes. Simmer in same water until tender (about 10 minutes). Drain prunes and mash to a [pg 62] pulp. Mix flour, baking powder and salt. Add beaten egg and milk. Mix to a dough. Roll out thin, spread with prune pulp, sprinkle with two tablespoons sugar. Roll the mixture and place in greased baking dish. Bake 30 to 40 minutes. Take half cup of juice from prunes, add 1 tablespoon corn syrup. Bring to boiling point. Serve as sauce for prune roll.", "Mix cornstarch with 1⁄4 cup of cold milk. Scald rest of milk, add cornstarch, and stir until thick. Cook over hot water 20 minutes. Add rest of ingredients. Cook, stirring 5 minutes. Chill and serve with two whites of eggs, beaten stiff, to which has been added 2 tablespoons orange marmalade. Two ounces grated chocolate and 1⁄3 cup corn syrup may be substituted for marmalade.", "Soak gelatine in cold water until soft. Add coffee and stir until dissolved. Add other ingredients. Chill. One-quarter cup of marshmallows may be cut up and added just before chilling.", "Soften the gelatine in 2 tablespoons of the juice or water. Add the rest of the fruit after it has been heated. When the gelatine is dissolved, add the fruit, lemon juice and corn syrup. Pour in mold.", "Fill cored apples with 1 tablespoon honey, corn syrup, chopped dates, raisins, marmalade, or chopped popcorn mixed with corn syrup in the proportion of two tablespoons of syrup to a cup of corn. Put one-quarter inch of water in pan. Bake until tender and serve apples in pan with syrup as sauce.", "Core apples. Cut just through the skin around the center of the apple. Fill the center with popcorn and 1 teaspoon of corn syrup. Bake 30 minutes.", "Mix cornstarch with 1⁄4 cup cold milk. Scald rest of milk. Add cornstarch. Cook until thick. Add a little of the hot mixture to the chocolate when melted. Mix all ingredients and cook 5 minutes, stirring constantly. Chill and serve with plain or chopped nuts.", "Soak washed and scalded prunes in 2 cups cold water 10 minutes. Simmer until tender (about 10 minutes). Soak gelatine in 1⁄2 cup cold water. When soft, add to hot prune mixture. When gelatine is dissolved, add other ingredients and place in mold. Chill, and stir once or twice while chilling to prevent prunes settling to bottom of mold.", "Core 6 apples. Cut line around apple just through skin. Fill center with mixture of one-quarter cup each of dates, nuts and figs or marmalade, to which has been added one-quarter cup corn syrup or honey. Bake 30 minutes with one- quarter inch water in baking pan. Stick outside of apple with blanched almonds to make porcupine quills.", "Put one-quarter of the crumbs on the bottom of a buttered baking pan. Cover with one-half the fruit, one-half the corn syrup, one-half [pg 65] the liquid, one-quarter of the crumbs; the other half of the fruit, juice and corn syrup, and the rest of the crumbs, on top. Bake 20 minutes in a hot oven.", "Wash and scald prunes. Soak ten minutes in the water. Simmer until tender. Rub through colander. Add other ingredients, well blended. Bring to boiling point. Use as filling for pastry.", "Mix all and use as filling for double crust, or cook until apples are tender. Mix well and use as filling for tarts, etc.", "Mix cornstarch and 1 cup water. Add to corn syrup. Cook over direct flame until thick. Cook over hot water 20 minutes. Mix other ingredients. Add one- half cup water and add to other mixture. Cook 5 minutes and use as filling—hot or cold.", "Soften gelatine in cold water. Add heated cream and when dissolved add other ingredients. Chill and use for cake filling. This is a good way of using up leftover cream which has turned.", "Mix all. Bring to boiling point and place in double crust pastry or cook until thick and use as filling for tarts.", "Cook corn syrup, water, raisins, fat, salt and spices slowly 15 minutes. When cool, add flour, soda or baking powder, thoroughly blended. Bake in slow oven 1 hour. The longer this cake is kept, the better the texture and flavor. This recipe is sufficient to fill one medium-sized bread pan.", "Cream fat, syrup and mapline. Add beaten egg. Sift dry ingredients and add alternately with milk. Add flavoring and nuts last. Beat well. Bake 20 minutes in layer pan. This quantity makes one layer.", "Mix milk, egg yolk and corn syrup. Dip bread in this mixture and brown in frying pan, with small amount of fat. Spread with currant or other tart jelly, preserve or marmalade. Sprinkle with cocoanut and serve as cakes.", "Soak beans over night, boil for 1 hour. Drain. Cool and put through food- chopper. Cream butter and sugar, add beans, egg. Sift flour with baking powder and add to first mixture. Drop by teaspoonfuls on a baking sheet and bake 8 minutes in a hot oven.", "Cream fat and sugar. Add egg. Alternate dry ingredients (which have been sifted together) with the liquid. Add fruit last. Beat well. Bake as loaf about 15 minutes, or in muffin pans about 25 minutes.", "Heat molasses and fat until fat is melted. Sift spices with one cup of flour. Dissolve soda in one teaspoon of hot water. Combine all and add enough more flour to make dough stiff enough to roll out. Bake 12 to 15 minutes in moderate oven.", "Mix molasses, fat, and boiling water. Sift dry ingredients. Add the liquid. Add enough more flour (about four cups) to make dough stiff enough to roll out. Cut and bake about 15 minutes in moderately hot oven.", "Cream fat, honey and egg. Sift dry ingredients. Add alternately with milk. Bake in loaf 45 minutes in moderate oven.", "Sift dry ingredients. Mix fat, molasses and boiling water. Add dry ingredients. Beat briskly for a few minutes, and pour into greased muffin pans. Bake twenty to thirty minutes in moderate oven.", "Heat the corn syrup and fat. Sift dry ingredients and add to first mixture. Add fruit last. Bake in muffin pans for 30 minutes.", "Beat egg white until very stiff. Add other ingredients and place on the wafers. Place under broiler until a delicate brown.", "Mix cornstarch with 1 tablespoon cold water. Heat corn syrup to the boil, add cornstarch and cook for three minutes. Soften the gelatine in two tablespoons cold water for five minutes; stir into the hot syrup after taking from fire. When gelatine has dissolved add the fruit and nuts and flavoring. Chill, cut in squares, and roll each in powdered sugar.", "Boil the syrup for fifteen minutes, then add the soda. Cook until a little snaps brittle when dropped in cold water. Add the vinegar [pg 70] when this stage is reached and pour into oiled pans. When cool enough to handle, pull until white; make into inch-thick rolls and clip off into neat mouthfuls with oiled scissors, or chill and break into irregular pieces when cold.", "Boil syrup and fat until brittle when tested in cold water. Grease a pan, sprinkle the roasted and shelled peanuts in it, making an even distribution, then turn in the syrup. When almost cold mark into squares. Cocoanut, puffed wheat or puffed rice may be used for candy instead of peanuts.", "Put equal quantity of seeded raisins and roasted peanuts through the food chopper, using the coarsest blade. Moisten with molasses just enough so that the mixture can be molded into a loaf. Chill, cut and serve as candy. Chopped English walnuts combined with chopped dates or figs make a very delicious loaf sweetmeat.", "Cook syrup for fifteen minutes, add vinegar, then when a little snaps when dropped in cold water turn over popped corn, mix well, and form into balls with oiled hands, or if fritters are desired, roll out the mass while warm and cut out with a greased cutter.", "Mix corn syrup and mapline. Add enough to the dates and cocoanut to form a stiff cake. Mold into neat square at least an inch thick. Let stand in the refrigerator for one hour, then cut in squares and roll each in cornstarch.", "Mix one-half cup each of chopped peanuts and raisins. Add a teaspoon of lemon juice and two tablespoons of cream cheese. Remove stones from fine large dates, and in their place insert a small roll of the cheese mixture. These are nice in place of candy or can be served with salad.", "Put fruit and nuts through the food chopper, using the coarsest blade. Add enough syrup or honey to make a stiff loaf. Place in the refrigerator for one hour; slice and serve in place of candy, rolling each slice in cornstarch.", "Cut a slit in the side of dried figs, take out some of the pulp with the tip of a teaspoon. Mix with one-quarter cup of the pulp and one-quarter cup of finely chopped crystalized ginger, a teaspoon of grated orange or lemon rind; and a tablespoon of lemon juice. Fill the figs with mixture, stuffing them so that they look plump.", "Steam or cook sliced and pared fruit in small amount of water until tender. Add ginger and corn syrup. Cook 20 minutes slowly. Lemon skins may be used instead of ginger root.", "Reduce 1 pint grape juice one-half by boiling slowly. Add 1 cup vegetables (pumpkin or carrot). Add 2 teaspoons spices and 1 cup corn syrup. Boil until of consistency of honey and place in sterilized jars or glasses.", "Cook grapes in water until soft. Mash; drain through jelly bag or wet cheesecloth. Add corn syrup. Boil 5 minutes. Put into sterilized bottles. If cork stoppers are used cover them with melted sealing wax.", "Boil 5 minutes. Add any fruit and cook slowly 20 minutes or until fruit is clear and syrup thick. If hard fruits, such as pears, quinces, etc., are used, steam for 20 minutes before adding to syrup.", "Cook cranberries in water very slowly until tender. Leave whole or press through colander. Measure amount of mixture and add equal amount of corn syrup. Cook slowly until mixture forms jelly when tested on cold plate. Turn into mold which has been rinsed in cold water.", "Soak apricots and raisins in the water two hours. Cook slowly until very soft. Add other ingredients and cook slowly (about 30 minutes) until slightly thick. Place in sterile jars or glasses and seal.", "With the world-wide decrease of animal production, animal fats are now growing so scarce that the world is being scoured for new sources of supply. Our Government has asked the housewife to conserve all the fats that come to her home and utilize them to the best advantage. To this end it is necessary to have some knowledge of the character of different fats and the purposes to which they are best adapted.", "The word fat usually brings to one's mind an unappetizing chunk of meat fat which most persons cannot and will not eat, and fatty foods have been popularly supposed to be \"bad for us\" and \"hard to digest.\" Fats are, however, an important food absolutely essential to complete nutrition, which repay us better for the labor [pg 74] of digestion than any other food. If they are indigestible, it is usually due to improper cooking or improper use; if they are expensive, it is merely because they are extravagantly handled. The chief function of fatty food is to repair and renew the fatty tissues, to yield energy and to maintain the body heat. The presence of fat in food promotes the flow of the pancreatic juice and bile, which help in the assimilation of other foods and assist the excretory functions of the intestine. These are badly performed if bile and other digestive fluids are not secreted in sufficient quantity. The absence of fat in the diet leads to a state of malnutrition, predisposing to tuberculosis, especially in children and young persons.", "It is claimed that the most serious food shortage in Germany is fat; that the civilian population is dying in large numbers because of the lack of it, and that Von Hindenburg's men will lose out on the basis of fat, rather than on the basis of munitions or military organization. Worst of all is the effect of fat shortage on the children of the nation. Leaders of thought all over Europe assert that even if Germany wins, Germany has lost, because it has sapped the strength of its coming generation.", "The term fat is used to designate all products of fatty composition and includes liquid fats such as oils, soft fats such as butter, and hard fats such as tallow. While all fats have practically the same energy-value, they differ widely from each other in their melting point, and the difference in digestibility seems to correspond to the difference in melting point. Butter burns at 240 degrees Fahrenheit, while vegetable oils can be heated as high as 600 degrees Fahrenheit, furnishing a very high temperature for cooking purposes before they begin to burn. The scorching of fat not only wastes the product, but renders it indigestible, even dangerous to some people, and for this reason butter should never be used for frying, as [pg 75] frying temperature is usually higher than 240 degrees. It is well to choose for cooking only those fats which have the highest heat-resisting qualities because they do not burn so easily.", "Beginning with the lowest burning point, fats include genuine butter, substitute butters, lard and its substitutes, and end with tallow and vegetable oils. Of the latter, there is a varied selection from the expensive olive oil to the cheaper cottonseed, peanut, cocoanut and corn oils and their compounds and the hydrogenated oils.", "The economy of fat, therefore, depends on the choice of the fat used for the various cooking processes as well as the conservation of all fatty residue, such as crackling, leftover frying fats and soup fat. For cooking processes, such as sauteing (pan frying), or deep fat frying, it is best to use the vegetable and nut oils. These are more plentiful, and hence cheaper than the animal fats; the latter, however, can be produced in the home from the fats of meats and leftover pan fats, which should not be overlooked as frying mediums. Butter and butter substitutes are best kept for table use and for flavoring. The hydrogenated oils, home-rendered fats, lard and beef and mutton suet can be used for shortening fats.", "In the purchase of meats, the careful housewife should see that the butcher gives her all the fat she pays for, as all fats can be rendered very easily at home and can be used for cooking purposes. Butchers usually leave as large a proportion of fat as possible on all cuts of meat which, when paid for at meat prices, are quite an expensive item. All good clear fat should, therefore, be carefully trimmed from meats before cooking. Few people either like or find digestible greasy, fat meats, and the fat paid for at meat prices, which could have been rendered and used for cooking, is wasted when sent to table.", "There are various methods of conserving fat. First, the economical use of table fats; second, the saving of cooking; and third, the proper use of all types of fat.", "Economy in the use of table fats may best be secured by careful serving. One serving of butter is a little thing—there are about sixty-four of them in a pound. In many households the butter left on the plates probably would equal a serving or one-fourth of an ounce, daily, which is usually scraped into the garbage pail or washed off in the dishpan. But if everyone of our 20,000,000 households should waste one-fourth of an ounce of butter daily, it would mean 312,500 pounds a day, or 114,062,500 pounds a year. To make this butter would take 265,261,560 gallons of milk, or the product of over a half-million cows, an item in national economy which should not be overlooked.", "When butter is used to flavor cooked vegetables, it is more economical to add it just before they are served rather than while they are cooking. The flavor thus imparted is more pronounced, and, moreover, if the butter is added before cooking, much of it will be lost in the water unless the latter is served with the vegetables. Butter substitutes, such as oleomargarine and nut margarine, should be more largely used for the table, especially for adults. Conserve butter for children, as animal fats contain vitamines necessary for growing tissues. Butter substitutes are as digestible and as nourishing as butter, and have a higher melting point. They keep better and cost less.", "Oleomargarine, which has been in existence for fifty years, was first offered to the world in 1870 by a famous French chemist, Mege-Mouries, who was in search of a butter substitute cheap enough to supply the masses with the much- needed food element. He had noticed that the children of the poor families were afflicted with rickets [pg 77] and other diseases which could be remedied by the administration of the right amount of fat. He combined fresh suet and milk and called the product \"oleomargarine.\" In the United States this product is now made of oleo oil or soft beef fat, neutral lard, cottonseed and other oils, churned with a small quantity of milk, and in the finer grades, cream is sometimes used. A certain proportion of butter is usually added, and the whole worked up with salt as in ordinary butter-making.", "Owing to the fears of the butter-makers that oleomargarine would supplant their product in popular favor, legislation was enacted that restricted the manufacture of oleo and established a rigid system of governmental inspection, so that the product is now manufactured under the most sanitary conditions which furnishes a cleaner and more reliable product than natural butter.", "Nut margarine is a compound of cocoa oil, which so closely resembles butter that only an expert can distinguish it from the natural product. Both these butter substitutes are used in large amounts by the best bakers, confectioners and biscuit manufacturers, and foolish prejudice against butter substitutes should not deter their use in the home.", "A large saving in cooking fats can be made by the careful utilization of all fats that come into the home. Beef and mutton suet can be rendered and made available. Fats which have been saved after meals are cooked should be clarified—that is, freed from all objectionable odors, tastes or color—so as to be made available as shortening and frying fats.", "The following recipes and suggestions make possible the use of all fats, and as fat shortage is one of the most serious of the world's food problems, it is essential that every housekeeper have a larger knowledge of the utilization and economy of this essential food.", "Run the fat through the household meat grinder or chop fine in the chopping bowl. Then heat in the double boiler until completely melted, finally straining through a rather thick cloth or two thicknesses of cheese cloth, wrung out in hot water. By this method there is no danger of scorching. Fats heated at a low temperature also keep better than those melted at higher temperature. After the fat is rendered, it should be slowly reheated to sterilize it and make sure it is free from moisture. The bits of tissue strained out, commonly known as cracklings, may be used for shortening purposes or may be added to cornmeal which is to be used as fried cornmeal mush.", "To two pounds of fat (finely chopped if unrendered) add one-half pint of milk, preferably sour. Heat the mixture in a double boiler until thoroughly melted. Stir well and strain through a thick cloth or two thicknesses of cheese cloth wrung out in hot water. When cold the fat forms a hard, clean layer and any material adhering to the under side of the fat, may be scraped off. Sour milk being coagulated [pg 79] is preferable to sweet milk since the curd remains on the cloth through which the rendered mixture is strained and is thus more easily separated from the rendered fat which has acquired some of the milk flavor and butter fat.", "Cut fat in small pieces. Cover with cold water. Heat slowly. Let cook until bubbling ceases. Press fat during heating so as to obtain all the oil possible. When boiling ceases strain through cheesecloth and let harden. If desired one-half teaspoon salt, one-eighth teaspoon pepper, 1 teaspoon onion and 1 teaspoon poultry seasoning may be added before straining.", "To mutton, duck or goose fat add equal amount of beef suet or vegetable fat and render same as suet. This may then be used for shortening, or pan broiling for meat or fish dishes, and not have the characteristic taste of the stronger fats.", "When rendering strong mutton, duck or goose fats if a small whole onion is added the strong flavor of the fat is reduced. Remove the onion before straining. It may be used in cooking.", "Melt the fat in an equal volume of water and heat for a short time at a moderate temperature. Stir occasionally. Cool and remove the layer of fat which forms on the top, scraping off any bits of meat or other material which may adhere to the other side.", "Fats which have formed on top of soups, of cooked meats (such as pot roast, stews), salt meats (such as corned beef, ham, etc.), or strong fats, such as from boiled mutton, poultry and game, may be clarified in this way and used alone or combined with other animal or vegetable fats in any savory dish.", "If fat is used for deep fat frying as croquettes, doughnuts, fritters, etc., while fat is still hot, add a few slices raw potato and allow it to stay in the fat until it is cool. Remove potato—strain fat, allow to harden and it is ready to use. The potato absorbs odors from fat.", "FAT 1: To 1 pound of unrendered fat (chopped fine) add 1 slice of onion about one-half inch thick and two inches in diameter, 1 bay leaf, 1 teaspoonful salt, and about one-eighth teaspoonful of pepper. Render in a double boiler and strain.", "FAT 2: To 1 pound unrendered fat (chopped fine) add 2 teaspoonfuls of thyme, 1 slice onion, about one-half inch thick and two inches in diameter, one teaspoonful salt and about one-eighth teaspoonful pepper. Render in a double boiler and strain.", "FAT 3: To 1 pound unrendered fat (chopped fine) add 1 teaspoonful thyme, 1 teaspoonful marjoram, one-half teaspoonful rubbed sage, 1 teaspoonful salt, and about one-eighth teaspoonful pepper. Render in a double boiler and strain through fine cloth.", "A. Butter or other fat may be extended to double its original bulk and reduce the cost of the fat 40 per cent. A patented churn, any homemade churn, mayonnaise mixer, or bowl and rotary beater may be used for the purpose. To any quantity of butter heated until slightly soft add equal quantity of milk, place in the churn, add one teaspoon salt for each one pound of butter used. Blend thoroughly in churn, mayonnaise mixer, or in bowl with rotary beater until of even consistency. Place in refrigerator to harden. Vegetable coloring, such as comes with margarine or may be purchased separately, may be added if a deeper yellow color is desired.", "Soak gelatine in one-half cup of the milk. When softened, dissolve over hot water. Let butter stand in warm place, until soft. Add gelatine mixture, milk and salt and beat with Dover beater until thoroughly mixed (about 15 minutes). Vegetable coloring such as comes with margarine may be added if desired. Do not put on ice.", "Soak gelatine in one-half cup of the milk. When softened, dissolve over hot water. Let butter stand in warm place, until soft. Add gelatine mixture, peanut butter, milk and salt and beat with rotary egg beater until thoroughly blended (about 15 minutes). Vegetable coloring such as comes with margarine may be added if desired. Put in cool place to harden but do not put on ice as the gelatine would cause the mixture to flake. It is preferable to make up this mixture enough for one day at a time only.", "D. To 1 pound of butter or butter substitute add one cup peanut butter. Blend thoroughly with wooden spoon or butter paddle; this may be used in place of butter as a new and delightful variation.", "E. To 1 pound softened butter add 1 pound softened butter substitute (oleomargarine, nut margarine, vegetable margarine) or hydrogenated fat. Blend thoroughly with butter paddle or wooden spoon and use as butter.", "Whole wheat makes a more tasty crust than bread flour and all rye pastry has even better flavor than wheat flour pastry. Half wheat or rye and the other half cornmeal (white or yellow) makes an excellent pastry for meat or fish pie. If cornmeal is added, use this recipe:", "Well made, digestible pastry should have a minimum of fat to make a crisp flaky crust. It should be crisp, not brittle; firm, not crumbly. Pastry may be made in large amounts, kept in refrigerator for several days and used as needed. Roll out only enough for one crust at a time as the less pastry is handled, the better.", "Mix flour and salt. Cut in fat and add just enough cold or ice water to make the mixture into a stiff dough. Roll out. This recipe makes one crust.", "Sift dry ingredients. Cut in fat if solid, or add if liquid. Stir in meat stock or milk to make a soft dough. Place on top of meat or fish with gravy in greased baking dish and bake 30 to 40 minutes in moderately hot oven.", "Wash rice and soak in water 30 minutes. Melt fat, add dry ingredients and gradually the tomatoes. Stir in rice and other ingredients, also the water in which rice was soaked. Cook slowly one-half hour or until rice is tender.", "Melt drippings. Add onion and cook until slightly brown. Add other seasonings and water. Pour over potatoes. Let cook slowly in oven until potatoes are tender, about 30 minutes.", "Sift dry ingredients. Cut in fat. Gradually add liquid to make a soft dough. Roll out, place on greased pan and steam 20 minutes, or drop into stew and cook covered 30 minutes. Serve at once.", "Mix drippings, salt, pepper, vinegar and cayenne. Add to the potatoes and mix thoroughly. Chill and serve. Cold cooked potatoes may be used, but the flavor is better if mixed while potatoes are hot.", "To lye add water—using enamel or agate utensil. When cool add the fat which has been heated until liquid. Stir until of consistency of honey (about 20 minutes). Two tablespoons ammonia or two tablespoons borax may be added for a whiter soap. If stirred thoroughly this soap will float.", "The illustration shows various forms of food waste—the discarded outside leaves of lettuce and cabbage, apple cores and parings, stale bread and drippings.", "Elimination of food waste is to-day a patriotic service. It is also a most effective method of solving our food problem. This country, like all the powers at war, will undoubtedly be called upon to face increasing prices so long as the war continues, and waste in any form is not only needless squandering of the family income, but failure in devotion to a great cause.", "Food waste is due to poor selection of raw materials, to careless storage and heedless preparation, to bad cooking, to injudicious serving, and to the overflowing garbage pail.", "To select food in such a way as will eliminate waste and at the same time insure the best possible return for money spent, the housekeeper must purchase for nutriment rather than to please her own or the family palate.", "When eggs are sixty and seventy cents a dozen their price is out of all proportion to their food value. Tomatoes [pg 84] at five or ten cents apiece in winter do not supply sufficient nutriment to warrant their cost, nor does capon at forty-five cents a pound nourish the body any better than the fricassee fowl at twenty-eight cents. In order to prevent such costly purchasing, a knowledge of food values is necessary. The simplest and easiest way to plan food values is to divide the common food materials into five main groups and see that each of these groups appear in each day's menu.", "If from each of these groups the housekeeper, when buying, chooses the lowest- cost food, she will provide the necessary nutriment for the least expenditure of money. In war time such marketing is essential.", "Other causes of waste in food purchasing may be enumerated as follows: Ordering by telephone. This permits the butcher or grocer, who has no time to make selection of foods, to send what comes ready to hand; whereas if the housekeeper did her own selecting, she could take advantage of special prices or \"leaders\"—food sold at cost or nearly cost to attract patronage.", "Buying out-of-season foods also makes marketing costly. Through lack of knowledge concerning the periods at which certain fruits and vegetables are seasonable, and therefore cheaper and in best flavor, housekeepers frequently pay exorbitant prices for poor flavored, inferior products.", "Buying in localities where high rental and neighborhood standards compel the shopkeeper to charge high prices, the consumer pays not only for the rent and the plate glass windows, but for display of out-of-season delicacies, game and luxury-foods. Markets should be selected where food in season is sold; where cleanliness and careful attention prevail rather than showy display.", "Many a dollar is foolishly spent for delicatessen foods. The retail cost of ready prepared foods includes a fraction of the salary of the cook and the fuel, as well as the regular percentage of profit. The food, also, is not so nourishing or flavorsome as if freshly cooked in the home kitchen.", "Buying perishable foods in larger quantities than can be used immediately. Too frequently meats, fish, eggs, vegetables, milk and cream are purchased in quantities larger than needed for immediate consumption, and lack of knowledge of use of left-overs causes what is not eaten to be discarded.", "Buying non-perishable foods in small quantities instead of in bulk. Food costs on an average 50 to 75 per cent. more when purchased in small quantities. Select a grocer who keeps his goods in sanitary condition and who will sell in bulk; then do your purchasing from him on a large scale and extend the sanitary care to your own storeroom.", "Buying foods high in price but low in food value. Asparagus, canned or fresh, is not as nourishing, for instance, as canned corn or beans. Strawberries out of season do not compare with dates, figs or raisins which are to be had at all times.", "Buying without planning menus. By this carelessness foods are often purchased which do not combine well, and therefore do not appeal to the appetite, and so are wasted. Unplanned meals also lead to an unconscious extravagance in buying and an unnecessary accumulation of left-overs.", "Leaving the trimmings from meats and poultry at the [pg 87] butcher's. Bring these home and fry out the fatty portions for dripping; use all other parts for the stock pot.", "Having purchased for nutriment and in sufficiently large quantities to secure bulk rates, careful storage is the next step in the prevention of waste. Flour, cereals and meals become wormy if they are not kept in clean, covered utensils and in a cool place. Milk becomes sour, especially in summer. This can be prevented by scalding it as soon as received, cooling quickly, and storing in a cold place in covered, well-scalded receptacles. Sour milk should not be thrown out. It is good in biscuits, gingerbread, salad dressings, cottage cheese, pancakes or waffles, and bread making.", "Meats should not be left in their wrappings. Much juice soaks into the paper, which causes a loss of flavor and nutriment. Store all meat in a cool place and do not let flies come in contact with it.", "Bread often molds, especially in warm, moist weather. Trim off moldy spots and heat through. Keep the bread box sweet by scalding and sunning once a week.", "Cheese molds. Keep in a cool, dry place. If it becomes too dry for table use, grate for sauces or use in scalloped dishes.", "Winter vegetables wilt and dry out. Store in a cool place. If cellar space permits, place in box of sand, sawdust or garden earth.", "Potatoes and onions sprout. Cut off the sprouts as soon as they appear and use for soup. Soak, before using, vegetables which have sprouted.", "Fruits must be stored carefully so as to keep the skins unbroken. Broken spots in the skin cause rapid decay. Do not permit good fruit to remain in contact with specked or rotted fruit. Stored fruit should be looked over frequently and all specked or rotted fruit removed. [pg 88] Sweet potatoes are an exception. Picking over, aggravates the trouble. See that these vegetables are carefully handled at all times; if rot develops, remove only those that can be reached without danger of bruising the sound roots. Sweet potatoes may also be stored like fruit by spreading over a large surface and separating the tubers so that they do not touch each other.", "Berries should be picked over as soon as received and spread on a platter or a large surface to prevent crushing and to allow room for circulation of air.", "Lettuce and greens wilt. Wash carefully as soon as received and use the coarse leaves for soup. Shake the water from the crisp portions and store in a paper bag in a cold refrigerator.", "Lemons when cut often grow moldy before they are used. When lemons are spoiling, squeeze out the juice, make a syrup of one cup of sugar and one cup of water, boil ten minutes and add lemon juice in any amount up to one cup. Bring to boiling point and bottle for future use. This bottled juice may be used for puddings, beverages, etc. If only a small amount of juice is needed, prick one end of a lemon with a fork. Squeeze out the amount needed and store the lemon in the ice-box.", "When we come to waste caused by careless preparation we may be reminded of the miracle of the loaves and fishes—how all the guests were fed and then twelve baskets were gathered up. Often after preparation that which is gathered up to be thrown away is as large in quantity and as high in food value as the portions used.", "Vegetables are wasted in preparation by too thick paring, the discarding of coarse leaves such as are found on lettuce, cabbage and cauliflower, discarding wilted parts which can be saved by soaking, throwing away tips and roots of celery and the roots and ends of spinach and dandelions. All these waste products can be cooked [pg 89] tender, rubbed through a sieve and used with stock for vegetable soup, or with skimmed milk for cream soup. Such products are being conserved by the enemy, even to the onion skin, which is ground into bread-making material.", "Throwing away the water in which vegetables have been cooked wastes their characteristic and valuable element—the mineral salts. Cooking them so much that they become watery; under-cooking so that they are hard and indigestible; cooking more than is required for a meal; failing to use left-over portions promptly as an entree or for cream soups or scalloped dishes—all these things mean an appalling waste of valuable food material. Good food material is also lost when the water in which rice or macaroni or other starchy food has been boiled is poured down the kitchen sink. Such water should be used for soup making.", "Fruits are wasted by throwing away the cores and skins, which can be used for making sauces, jams and jellies, the latter being sweetened with corn syrup instead of sugar.", "Rhubarb is wasted by removing the pink skin from young rhubarb, which should be retained to add flavor and color-attractiveness to the dish.", "Raw food in quantity is frequently left in the mixing bowl, while by the use of a good flexible knife or spatula every particle can be saved. A large palette knife is as good in the kitchen as in the studio.", "The next step in food preparation is cooking, and tons of valuable material are wasted through ignorance of the principles of cooking.", "Bad cooking, which means under-cooking, over-cooking or flavorless cooking, renders food inedible, and inedible food contributes to world shortage. [pg 90] Fats are wasted in cooking by being burned and by not being carefully utilized as dripping and shortening. The water in which salt meat, fresh meat, or poultry has been boiled should be allowed to cool and the fat removed before soup is made of it. Such fat can be used, first of all, in cooking, and then any inedible portions can be used in soap making.", "Tough odds and ends of meat not sightly enough to appear on the table are often wasted. They can be transformed by long cooking into savory stews, ragouts, croquettes and hashes, whereas, if carelessly and insufficiently cooked, they are unpalatable and indigestible. Scraps of left-over cooked meat should be ground in the food-chopper and made into appetizing meat balls, hashes or sandwich paste. If you happen to have a soft cooked egg left over, boil it hard at once. It can be used for garnishes, sauces, salads or sandwich paste.", "Use all bits of bread, that cannot be used as toast, in puddings, croquettes, scalloped dishes or to thicken soup.", "Foods that survive the earlier forms of waste are often lost at table by the serving of portions of like size to all members of the family. The individual food requirements differ according to age, sex, vocation and state of health. Each should be considered before the food is served, then there will be no waste on the plates when the meal is over. The following table, showing the daily requirement of calories for men and women in various lines of work, illustrates this point:", "Although the serving of food should be carefully planned so as to prevent waste, care should be taken that growing children have ample food. It is a mistake to suppose that a growing child can be nourished on less than a sedentary adult. A boy of fourteen who wants to eat more than his father probably needs all that he asks for. We must not save on the children; but it will be well to give them plain food for the most part, which will not tempt them to overeat, and tactfully combat pernickety, overfastidious likes and dislikes.", "The United States Food Administration is preaching the gospel of the clean plate, and this can be accomplished by serving smaller portions, insisting that all food accepted be eaten; by keeping down bread waste, cutting the bread at the table a slice at a time as needed; by cooking only sufficient to supply moderately the number to be fed, and no more. It is a false idea of good providing that platters must leave the table with a generous left-over. Waste of cooked food is a serious item in household economy, and no matter how skillfully leftovers are utilized, it is always less expensive and more appetizing to provide fresh-cooked foods at each meal.", "One would think that with the various uses to which all kinds of foodstuffs may be put that there would be little left for the yawning garbage pail. But the Secretary of the United States Department of Agriculture is responsible for the statement that $750,000,000 worth of [pg 92] food has been wasted annually in the American kitchen. Undoubtedly a large part of this wastefulness was due to ignorance on the part of the housewife, and the rest of it to the lack of co-operation on the part of the employees who have handled the food but not paid the bills.", "Coffee grounds—if there is no garden where they can be used for fertilizer, or if they are not desired as filling for pincushions.", "If more than this is now thrown away, you are wasting the family income and not fulfilling your part in the great world struggle. Your government says that it is your business to know what food your family needs to be efficient; that you must learn how to make the most of the foods you buy; that it is your duty to learn the nature and uses of various foods and to get the greatest possible nourishment out of every pound of food that comes to your home.", "The art of utilizing left-overs is an important factor in this prevention of waste. The thrifty have always known it. The careless have always ignored it. But now as a measure of home economy as well as a patriotic service, the left- over must be handled intelligently.", "The following recipes show how to make appetizing dishes from products that heretofore in many homes have found their way to the extravagant pail.", "In these recipes, sauces are prominent because they are of great value in making foods of neutral flavor, especially the starchy winter vegetables, and rice, macaroni and hominy, as attractive as they are nutritious; salads are included, since these serve to combine odds and ends of meats and vegetables; gelatine dishes are provided because gelatine serves as a binder for all kinds of leftovers and is an extremely practical way of making the most rigid saving acceptable; desserts made of crumbs of bread and cake, or left-over cereals, are among the major economies if they are worked out in such a way that they do not involve the extravagant use of other foodstuffs. All the recipes in this economy cook-book have been thoughtfully adapted to the conditions of the time, and will show the practical housekeeper how to supply wholesome, flavorsome food for the least cost.", "Melt fat. Add dry ingredients and a little of the milk. Bring to boiling point. Continue adding milk a little at a time until all is added. Serve with vegetables, fish, eggs, meats.", "Melt fat until brown. Add flour. Heat until brown. Add liquid gradually, letting come to boiling point each time before adding more liquid. When all is added, 1 teaspoon kitchen bouquet may be added if darker color is desired.", "Make brown sauce as given in foregoing recipe, then while it is hot stir in the chopped olives, and serve.", "A good sauce to serve with rice, macaroni, hominy or other starchy foods. It supplies almost a meat flavor to these rather insipid foods.", "Add mushrooms to fat and flour before adding liquid. If fresh mushrooms are used, cook for two or three minutes after adding liquid.", "Melt fat; add dry ingredients and gradually the liquid, letting sauce come to boiling point each time before adding more liquid.", "Mix ingredients. Bring to boiling point over direct fire. Cook over hot water 20 minutes. Use with leftover stale cake, baked or steamed puddings. If canned cocoanut containing milk is used, plain milk may be omitted.", "Beat egg light. Pour on gradually the hot corn syrup and water, beating egg with eggbeater. Add cream and vanilla. Serve at once.", "Mix corn syrup and spices. Add beaten yolks and milk. Cook over hot water until thick. Add vanilla and beaten whites. Serve hot or cold.", "Cream fat, sugar and spices. Add beaten yolks and milk. Cook in double boiler until thick. Add vanilla and beaten whites. Serve hot or cold.", "Cook cranberries in water until they are soft and the water is almost entirely absorbed. Add other ingredients and cook about 20 minutes slowly until thick enough to use as sauce.", "Stir until gelatine is dissolved. Add 1 cup leftover fruit. Place in mold which has been dipped in cold water. Stir occasionally while hardening so fruit does not settle to the bottom. Or a little gelatine may be poured in mold and allowed to grow almost hard; then some fruit arranged on it and more gelatine poured in. Repeat until mold is filled; then chill, and turn out carefully.", "Soften gelatine in the cold water. Add other ingredients and chill. Stir once or twice while chilling so vegetables do not settle to the bottom.", "Soften gelatine in cold water. Add other ingredients. Stir until gelatine is dissolved. Pour into mold dipped into cold water. Chill. Stir once or twice while hardening so meat does not settle to the bottom. Serve with salad dressing.", "Use any well-seasoned salad dressing. Soften the gelatine in the cold water. Dissolve over boiling water. Add to salad dressing. Add other ingredients well seasoned and chill.", "Soften gelatine in the cold water. Dissolve over hot water. Add all ingredients. Mix thoroughly and place in mold which has been rinsed with cold water. When firm, serve as salad.", "Mix gelatine with milk. Add sugar. When it begins to thicken, beat with rotary beater. Add vanilla and fruit. Fold in egg whites and turn into mold. Apple sauce, strawberries, rhubarb, pineapple or raspberries may be used.", "Soften gelatine in 2 tablespoons cold water, then dissolve in the boiling water, but do not cook after gelatine is put in. Add all other ingredients. Mold and chill. Serve with cooked or mayonnaise salad dressing, plain or on lettuce leaves.", "Mix dressing thoroughly and pour over the vegetables. If vegetables are kept in different bowls instead of mixed together, the flavor of the salad is improved. Any vegetable may be used in this way. Let stand 30 minutes. When ready to serve, place each portion in a nest made of two lettuce leaves or other salad, green. If desired, cooked dressing may be mixed with the vegetable in place of French dressing, or may be served with it.", "Mix ingredients and serve with French dressing. This salad looks very appetizing when served in cups made of hollowed out red apples, the pulp removed being used in the salad.", "Blend all ingredients thoroughly. Shape as desired and chill. Serve with French dressing. (If American cheese is used, grate or cut fine.)", "Left-over small portions of fruits may be blended in almost any combination to form a salad. Plain French dressing or French dressing made with fruit juice in place of vinegar, or cooked dressing or mayonnaise may be combined with the fruit. Bananas combine well with any other fruit and, being the least expensive fruit, may be used as the basis of fruit salads.", "Mix ingredients thoroughly and serve. If one-quarter cup of French dressing is mixed with meat or fish, 30 minutes before adding other ingredients, the flavor is much improved.", "Blend ingredients thoroughly and serve. Cauliflower which has been creamed or scalloped may be used, if sauce is carefully rinsed from the vegetable.", "Mix dry ingredients, add egg and blend thoroughly. Add melted fat, milk and vinegar. Cook over hot water until thick as custard. Soften gelatine in cold water. Add to the hot dressing. When dissolved add rice and olives, place in mold and chill. Serve plain or with 1⁄2 cup French dressing.", "Mix ingredients. Bake 40 minutes in moderately hot oven. This pudding is so well flavored that it does not really require a sauce, but if one is desired the molasses sauce on page *86, or the hard or lemon sauce on page *87 will be found to suit.", "Cream suet; add figs, apple and corn syrup. Pour milk over bread. Add yolks, beaten. Combine. Add flour and egg whites. Steam 4 hours.", "Soak tapioca in the water over night. Add the other ingredients except the fruit and cook over hot water until the tapioca is clear. Add fruit and 1 teaspoon vanilla and chill.", "Melt fat, add dry ingredients and gradually the liquid to make a smooth sauce. Add onion juice, lemon juice, parsley and fish. Mix [pg 104] with crumbs 2 tablespoons fat. Place crumbs on top. Bake in greased pan 25 minutes.", "Add bread to milk; add seasoning, beaten eggs, baking powder, and peanuts. Pour into greased, lined baking tin. Bake in moderate oven 40 minutes.", "Then brown in frying pan in small amount of fat. Spread with marmalade, jelly, cocoanut, or preserves and serve as dessert.", "Mix thoroughly and place in moderately hot oven for 20 minutes, stirring frequently. Remove and serve as breakfast food. Very inexpensive and delicious. Graham, corn or oatmeal bread is best for this purpose, but any bread may be used.", "Make into dough; roll 1⁄4 inch thick. Cut into strips 6 inches long and 1⁄2 inch wide. Place on baking sheet. Bake 20 minutes in moderate oven. Serve with soup, salad, or pastry.", "In nearly every case when meat is purchased, some bone is paid for. Too frequently this is either left at the market or thrown away in the home. Bones, gristle, tough ends, head and feet of chickens, head, fins and bones of fish, etc., should be utilized for making soup.", "If a meat or fish chowder with plenty of vegetable accompaniment is served, no other meat is required for the usual home meal.", "If a cream of dried or fresh vegetables, or a meat stock soup with plenty of vegetables or cereal content, is served, the amount of meat eaten with the main course of the meal will be materially lessened.", "Soups may be a most economical method of using water in which meat, fish or vegetables have been cooked; also of utilizing small portions of leftover meats, fish, vegetables or cereal.", "Cream soups are made by cooking vegetables or cereal, then utilizing the water in which they are cooked as part of the liquid for the soup. Outer parts or wilted parts of vegetables may be utilized for soups instead of being discarded. Water in which ham or mutton has been boiled makes an excellent basis for dried or fresh vegetable soups. In fact, soup can be made from all kinds of leftovers—the variety and kind make little difference so long as the mixture is allowed to simmer for several hours and is properly seasoned.", "Leftover bits of meat, bone, or gristle may be used alone or with some fresh meat and bone from shin or neck.", "To each 1 lb. of meat and bone, add 1 qt. cold water. Let stand 1 hour. Cover and bring slowly to boiling point and simmer 2 to 3 hours. Remove bones and meat. Let stand until cold. Skim off fat. Add vegetables cut in small pieces, season as desired and cook until vegetables are tender. Leftover cereals, as barley, oatmeal, etc., vegetables, macaroni, tapioca, sago, etc., etc., may be added for increased food value.", "Soak bones and gristle in the cold water 1 hour. Then boil slowly 1 hour, in same water. Strain out the bones and gristle and add other ingredients to the liquor. Boil this mixture slowly 3⁄4 hour and serve.", "Wash and soak dried legume over night. In morning drain, add water, ham bone or sausage and cook very slowly until tender. Add other ingredients, cook 1⁄2 hour and serve.", "Heat onion, pepper, salt, bayleaf and peppercorns with tomatoes for 20 minutes. Strain. To juice and pulp add other ingredients and cook slowly 1 hour. Add parsley just before serving.", "Cook the carrots in the water until tender. Melt the fat, add dry ingredients, add gradually the 1 cup water in which the carrots were cooked and the milk. When at boiling point, serve with a little grated [pg 108] raw carrot sprinkled over top of soup. Any vegetable, raw or cooked, may be used in the same way, as cauliflower, cabbage, peas, turnips, etc.", "Melt fat, add dry ingredients and gradually the liquid. When at boiling point and just ready to serve add cheese. Any kind of cheese may be used for this purpose.", "Soak beans over night, drain. Place in 1 quart of fresh cold water and cook until very tender. Add other ingredients and bring to boiling point. Slice thin, hard cooked egg and lemon from which seeds have been removed and serve with each portion. Do not remove lemon rind as this gives a piquant flavor.", "Dice potatoes and cook slowly until very tender. Rub through strainer, using potato and 2 cups of the water. Melt fat, add dry ingredients and gradually the liquids and onion juice. When ready to serve, sprinkle parsley and cheese over top.", "Soak lentils over night; drain; add one quart fresh water and one teaspoon of salt. Cook slowly until tender. Add other ingredients. Steam or bake for 45 minutes.", "Mix all ingredients thoroughly. Bake in covered casserole slowly for one hour. Mutton should be cut in about one-inch pieces.", "To cornmeal add one-half cup of cold water. Boil three cups of water and add cornmeal. Boil five minutes. Add other ingredients. Cook in greased baking dish for one hour.", "Soak beans over night; drain. Cover with fresh water and the soda and boil, until skins break, but do not let beans become broken. Cut rind from salt pork and cut into six or eight pieces. To 1 cup of boiling water add the cayenne, salt, molasses, mustard and tomatoes. In bottom of bean pot place the onion and a piece of salt pork. Add beans. Pour over this the seasonings. Cover the beans with boiling water. Bake three hours covered. Uncover, put spinach to which has been added 1 teaspoon of salt, 1 tablespoon of vinegar, one-eighth teaspoon of pepper, on top. Bake 30 minutes and serve.", "One cup of kidney beans, soak over night; drain. Cover with fresh water. Add 2 teaspoons of salt, cook in small amount of water until tender. Force through colander. Measure 11⁄2 cups and add one-quarter pound salt pork chopped fine, 1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce, 1 cup of water or meat stock or gravy.", "Place half of mixture in greased baking dish. Cover with two cups of spinach, to which has been added one-quarter cup of vinegar, 2 tablespoons of fat and one-half teaspoon of salt. Cover with other half of bean mixture. Bake 20 minutes.", "Cook macaroni until tender in one quart of boiling water and one teaspoon of salt; drain. Melt fat, add flour, salt and cayenne. Gradually add tomatoes and when at boiling point remove from fire, add cheese and peas. Place macaroni in greased baking dish, pour sauce over it and bake 30 minutes.", "Melt fat until brown. Add flour and seasonings. Heat until brown. Add milk gradually. When at boiling point add other ingredients. Place in baking dish and bake 45 minutes.", "Cut fish into small pieces. Cover bones, fins and head with cold water. Simmer 15 minutes; strain. Cook onion and salt pork until brown. In kettle place layers of fish and mixed vegetables. To water in which bones, etc., have been cooked, add the seasonings. Mix all ingredients. Cook forty minutes, slowly, covered.", "Pour 1 cup of boiling water and one-half cup of boiling milk over fish. Let stand one-half hour, pour off liquid. Place fish in baking dish. Place samp on fish. Mix other ingredients and pour on top. Cover and bake three-quarters of an hour.", "Blend flour with 2 tablespoons cold water. Dissolve bouillon cubes in the boiling water. Mix all ingredients. Place in casserole and bake 45 minutes or until spaghetti is tender.", "Mix all. Place in a greased dish. Bake 30 minutes. Then pour over top a sauce made by melting 2 tablespoons of fat, adding 2 tablespoons flour, one-half teaspoon of salt and one-eighth teaspoon cayenne. Then add 1 cup of milk gradually. When at boiling point add 3 tablespoons of chopped olives. Pour this sauce over the roast and bake 20 minutes. Serve at once.", "Mix cornmeal with one-half cup of cold water. Add to the boiling water. Boil five minutes. In greased baking dish place fish which has been soaked over night. Place pimento on fish. Place cornmeal on pimento. To tomatoes add seasonings and pour over all. Bake slowly 45 minutes.", "Melt the fat. Add the seasoning; gradually the liquid. Add the vegetables. Cook 20 minutes. Serve very hot. This is an especially good way of adding the necessary flavor to lentils.", "TO SAVE BREAD. Serve bread or rolls made from corn, rye or from coarse flours. Use breakfast foods and hot cakes, composed of corn, oatmeal, buckwheat, rice or hominy. Serve no toast as garniture or under meat. Serve war breads. Use every part of the bread, either fresh or stale, for puddings and toast; or dried and sifted for baked croquettes; or use to extend flour in the making of muffins and drop cakes.", "TO SAVE MEAT. Use more chicken, hare, rabbits, duck, goose, lobster, oysters, clams and egg and cheese dishes of all kinds. Use less beef, mutton, and pork and serve smaller portions at table of these meats. Have fewer of these items on the menu. Provide more entrees and made-over dishes in which a smaller quantity of meat is extended by the use of potatoes, rice, hominy, etc. Use beans, as they contain nearly the same nutritive value as meat. Serve bacon only as a dish and not as a garniture, and this way not more than once a week. Use cheese, dried vegetables and nuts. Use fish and meat chowders. Use meat extension dishes. Serve vegetable dinners.", "TO SAVE SUGAR. Use less candy and sweet drinks. Use honey, maple sugar, corn syrup, molasses and dark syrups with hot cakes and waffles and in all cooking, in order to save butter and sugar. Use all classes of fruit preserves, jam, marmalades and jellies. Do not frost or ice cakes. Serve dried fruits with cereals, and no sugar is needed.", "TO SAVE FATS. Serve as few fried dishes as possible, so as to save both butter and lard, and in any event use vegetable oils for frying—that is, olive oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, vegetable oil compounds, etc. Trim all coarse fats from meats before cooking and use the waste fats for shortening and for soap. We are short of soap fats as our supplies of tropical oils used for soap- making are reduced. Do not waste soap. Save fat from soup stock and from boiled meats. Use butter substitutes where possible.", "TO SAVE MILK. Use it all. Buy whole milk and let cream rise. Use this cream, and you secure your milk without cost. Economize on milk and cream except for children. Serve buttermilk. Serve cottage cheese regularly in varying forms. It is especially nutritious. Use skimmed milk in cooking. A great quantity of it goes to waste in this country. Use cheese generally. The children must have milk whole, therefore reduce the use of cream.", "USE VEGETABLES. Use more vegetables and potatoes. Make fruits and vegetables into salads and attractive dishes. Feature vegetable dinners and salads of all kinds. Encourage the use of cheese with salads. Make all types of salads from vegetables. We have a great surplus of vegetables, and they can be used by substituting them for staples so that the staples most needed will be saved.", "Make all kinds of vegetable soups, especially the cream soups, in which the waste from staple vegetables, such as outer leaves and wilted parts, can be utilized. These are wholesome and nutritious and save meat.", "End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Foods That Will Win The War And How To Cook Them (1918), by C. Houston Goudiss and Alberta M. Goudiss *** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FOODS THAT WILL WIN THE WAR *** ***** This file should be named 15464-h.htm or 15464-h.zip ***** This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: http://www.gutenberg.org/1/5/4/6/15464/ Produced by Albert R. Mann Library. 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Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: http://www.gutenberg.net This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks." ] }, "parsed_md": "Foods That Will Win the War And How to Cook Them.\n\n \n \n The Project Gutenberg EBook of Foods That Will Win The War And How To Cook Them (1918), by C. Houston Goudiss and Alberta M. Goudiss This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Foods That Will Win The War And How To Cook Them (1918) Author: C. Houston Goudiss and Alberta M. Goudiss Release Date: March 25, 2005 [EBook #15464] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FOODS THAT WILL WIN THE WAR *** Produced by Albert R. Mann Library. Home Economics Archive: Research, Tradition and History (HEARTH). Ithaca, NY: Albert R. Mann Library, Cornell University, Audrey Longhurst, William Flis, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team.\n\n# FOODS THAT WILL WIN THE WAR\n\n# AND\n\n# HOW TO COOK THEM\n\n### BY C. HOUSTON GOUDISS\n\n#### Food Expert and Publisher of THE FORECAST MAGAZINE\n\n#### and\n\n### ALBERTA M. GOUDISS\n\n#### Director of The School of Modern Cookery\n\nThe authors can be reached by addressing the WORLD SYNDICATE COMPANY NEW YORK\n[pg 2] Copyright 1918 by THE FORECAST PUBLISHING CO.\n\nAll rights reserved, including the translation into foreign languages,\nincluding the Scandinavian.\n\n[pg 3]\n\n[pg 4]\n\n### FOREWORD\n\nFood will win the war, and the nation whose food resources are best conserved\nwill be the victor. This is the truth that our government is trying to drive\nhome to every man, woman and child in America. We have always been happy in\nthe fact that ours was the richest nation in the world, possessing unlimited\nsupplies of food, fuel, energy and ability; but rich as these resources are\nthey will not meet the present food shortage unless every family and every\nindividual enthusiastically co-operates in the national saving campaign as\noutlined by the United States Food Administration.\n\nThe regulations prescribed for this saving campaign are simple and easy of\napplication. Our government does not ask us to give up three square meals a\nday—nor even one. All it asks is that we substitute as far as possible corn\nand other cereals for wheat, reduce a little our meat consumption and save\nsugar and fats by careful utilization of these products.\n\nThere are few housekeepers who are not eager to help in this saving campaign,\nand there are few indeed who do not feel the need of conserving family\nresources. But just how is sometimes a difficult task.\n\nThis book is planned to solve the housekeeper's problem. It shows how to\nsubstitute cereals and other grains for wheat, how to cut down the meat bill\nby the use of meat extension and meat substitute dishes which supply\nequivalent nutrition at much less cost; it shows the use of syrup and other\nproducts that save sugar, and it explains [pg 5] how to utilize all kinds of\nfats. It contains 47 recipes for the making of war breads; 64 recipes on low-\ncost meat dishes and meat substitutes; 54 recipes for sugarless desserts;\nmenus for meatless and wheatless days, methods of purchasing—in all some two\nhundred ways of meeting present food conditions at minimum cost and without\nthe sacrifice of nutrition.\n\nNot only have its authors planned to help the woman in the home, conserve the\nfamily income, but to encourage those saving habits which must be acquired by\nthis nation if we are to secure a permanent peace that will insure the world\nagainst another onslaught by the Prussian military powers.\n\nA little bit of saving in food means a tremendous aggregate total, when\n100,000,000 people are doing the saving. One wheatless meal a day would not\nmean hardship; there are always corn and other products to be used. Yet one\nwheatless meal a day in every family would mean a saving of 90,000,000 bushels\nof wheat, which totals 5,400,000,000 lbs. Two meatless days a week would mean\na saving of 2,200,000 lbs. of meat per annum. One teaspoonful of sugar per\nperson saved each day would insure a supply ample to take care of our soldiers\nand our Allies. These quantities mean but a small individual sacrifice, but\nwhen multiplied by our vast population they will immeasurably aid and\nencourage the men who are giving their lives to the noble cause of humanity on\nwhich our nation has embarked.\n\nThe Authors.\n\n[pg 6]\n\n## CONTENTS\n\nFOREWORD 4\n\nSAVE WHEAT: Reasons Why Our Government Asks Us to Save Wheat, with Practical\nRecipes for the Use of Other Grains 11\n\nA General rule for proportions in bread-making 15\n\nUse of Corn 18\n\nUse of Oats 20\n\nUse of Rye 22\n\nUse of Barley 23\n\nUse of Potatoes 24\n\nUse of Mixed Grains 25\n\nPancakes and Waffles 27\n\nSAVE MEAT: Reasons Why Our Government Has Asked Us to Save Meat, with\nPractical Recipes for Meat Conservation 29\n\nSelection of Meat 33, 36, 37, 38\n\nMethods of Cooking 34, 35\n\nCharts 36, 37\n\nComparative Composition of Meat and Meat Substitutes 38\n\nEconomy of Meat and Meat Substitutes 39\n\nMeat Economy Dishes 41\n\nFish as a Meat Substitute 44\n\nFish Recipes 46\n\nCheese as a Meat Substitute 49\n\nMeat Substitute Dishes 53\n\n[pg 7]\n\nSAVE SUGAR: Reasons Why Our Government Asks Us to Save Sugar, with Practical\nRecipes for Sugarless Desserts, Cakes, Candies and Preserves 57\n\nSugarless Desserts 61\n\nSugarless Preserves 71\n\nSAVE FAT: Reasons Why Our Government Asks Us to Save Fat, with Practical\nRecipes for Fat Conservation 73\n\nTo Render Fats 78\n\nVarious Uses for Leftover Fats 82\n\nSAVE FOOD: Reasons Why Our Government Asks Us Not to Waste Food, with\nPractical Recipes for the Use of Leftovers 83\n\nA Simple Way to Plan a Balanced Ration 84\n\nTable Showing Number of Calories per Day Required by Various Classes 91\n\nSauces Make Leftovers Attractive 93\n\nUse of Gelatine in Combining Leftovers 97\n\nSalads Provide an Easy Method of Using Leftovers 99\n\nUse of Stale Bread, Cake and Leftover Cereals 102\n\nSoups Utilize Leftovers 106\n\nAll-in-one-dish Meals—Needing only fruit or simple dessert, bread and butter\nto complete a well-balanced menu 109\n\nWheatless Day Menus 113\n\nMeatless Day Menus 115\n\nMeat Substitute Dinners 116\n\nVegetable Dinners 118\n\nSave and Serve—Bread; Meat; Sugar; Fat; Milk; Vegetables 120, 121\n\nBlank Pages for Recording Favorite Family Recipes 122\n\n[pg 8] The Recipes in this book have been examined and approved by the United\nStates Food Administration Illustrations furnished by courtesy of the United\nStates Food Administration [pg 9]\n\nAll the recipes in this book have been prepared and used in The School of\nModern Cookery conducted by The Forecast Magazine and have been endorsed by\nthe U.S. Food Administration. They have been worked out under the direction of\nGrace E. Frysinger, graduate in Domestic Science of Drexel Institute, of\nPhiladelphia, and the University of Chicago. Miss Frysinger, who has had nine\nyears' experience as a teacher of Domestic Science, has earnestly used her\nskill to make these recipes practical for home use, and at the same time\naccurate and scientific.\n\nThe above illustration shows a class at the School of Modern Cookery. These\nclasses are entirely free, the instruction being given in the interest of\nhousehold economics. The foods cooked during the demonstration are sampled by\nthe students and in this way it is possible to get in close touch with the\nneeds of the homemakers and the tastes of the average family.\n\n[pg 10]\n\n## FOODS THAT WILL WIN THE WAR\n\n[pg 11]\n\n## SAVE WHEAT\n\n#### Reasons Why Our Government Asks Us to Save Wheat, with Practical Recipes\nfor the Use of Other Grains\n\nA slice of bread seems an unimportant thing. Yet one good-sized slice of bread\nweighs an ounce. It contains almost three-fourths of an ounce of flour.\n\nIf every one of the country's 20,000,000 homes wastes on the average only one\nsuch slice of bread a day, the country is throwing away daily over 14,000,000\nounces of flour—over 875,000 pounds, or enough flour for over a million one-\npound loaves a day. For a full year at this rate there would be a waste of\nover 319,000,000 pounds of flour—1,500,000 barrels—enough flour to make\n365,000,000 loaves.\n\nAs it takes four and one-half bushels of wheat to make a barrel of ordinary\nflour, this waste would represent the flour from over 7,000,000 bushels of\nwheat. Fourteen and nine-tenths bushels of wheat on the average are raised per\nacre. It would take the product of some 470,000 acres just to provide a single\nslice of bread to be wasted daily in every home.\n\n[pg 12]\n\nBut some one says, \"a full slice of bread is not wasted in every home.\" Very\nwell, make it a daily slice for every four or every ten or every thirty\nhomes—make it a weekly or monthly slice in every home—or make the wasted slice\nthinner. The waste of flour involved is still appalling. These are figures\ncompiled by government experts, and they should give pause to every\nhousekeeper who permits a slice of bread to be wasted in her home.\n\nAnother source of waste of which few of us take account is home-made bread.\nSixty per cent. of the bread used in America is made in the home. When one\nstops to consider how much home-made bread is poorly made, and represents a\nlarge waste of flour, yeast and fuel, this housewifely energy is not so\ncommendable. The bread flour used in the home is also in the main wheat flour,\nand all waste of wheat at the present time increases the shortage of this most\nnecessary food.\n\nFuel, too, is a serious national problem, and all coal used in either range,\ngas, or electric oven for the baking of poor bread is an actual national loss.\nThere must be no waste in poor baking or from poor care after the bread is\nmade, or from the waste of a crust or crumb.\n\nWaste in your kitchen means starvation in some other kitchen across the sea.\nOur Allies are asking for 450,000,000 bushels of wheat, and we are told that\neven then theirs will be a privation loaf. Crop shortage and unusual demand\nhas left Canada and the United States, which are the largest sources of wheat,\nwith but 300,000,000 bushels available for export. The deficit must be met by\nreducing consumption on this side the Atlantic. This can be done by\neliminating waste and by making use of cereals and flours other than wheat in\nbread-making.\n\nThe wide use of wheat flour for bread-making has been due to custom. In Europe\nrye and oats form the staple breads of many countries, and in some sections of\nthe [pg 13] South corn-bread is the staff of life. We have only to modify a\nlittle our bread-eating habits in order to meet the present need. Other\ncereals can well be used to eke out the wheat, but they require slightly\ndifferent handling.\n\nIn making yeast breads, the essential ingredient is gluten, which is extended\nby carbon dioxide gas formed by yeast growth. With the exception of rye,\ngrains other than wheat do not contain sufficient gluten for yeast bread, and\nit is necessary to use a wheat in varying proportions in order to supply the\ndeficient gluten. Even the baker's rye loaf is usually made of one-half rye\nand one-half wheat. This is the safest proportion for home use in order to\nsecure a good texture.\n\nWhen oatmeal is used, it is necessary to scald the oatmeal to prevent a raw\ntaste. Oatmeal also makes a softer dough than wheat, and it is best to make\nthe loaf smaller and bake it longer: about one hour instead of the forty-five\nminutes which we allow for wheat bread.\n\nThe addition of one-third barley flour to wheat flour makes a light colored,\ngood flavored bread. If a larger proportion than this is used, the loaf has a\ndecided barley flavor. If you like this flavor and increase the proportion of\nbarley, be sure to allow the dough a little longer time to rise, as by\nincreasing the barley you weaken the gluten content of your loaf.\n\nRice and cornmeal can be added to wheat breads in a 10 per cent. proportion.\nLaboratory tests have shown that any greater proportion than this produces a\nheavy, small loaf.\n\nPotato flour or mashed potato can be used to extend the wheat, it being\npossible to work in almost 50 per cent. of potato, but this makes a darker and\nmoister loaf than when wheat alone is used. In order to take care of this [pg\n14] moisture, it is best to reserve part of the wheat for the second kneading.\n\nGraham and entire wheat flour also effect a saving of wheat because a larger\npercentage of the wheat berry is used. Graham flour is the whole kernel of\nwheat, ground. Entire wheat flour is the flour resulting from the grinding of\nall but the outer layer of wheat. A larger use of these coarser flours will\ntherefore help materially in eking out our scant wheat supply as the\npercentage of the wheat berry used for bread flour is but 72 per cent. Breads\nmade from these coarser flours also aid digestion and are a valuable addition\nto the dietary.\n\nIn order to keep down waste by eliminating the poor batch of bread, it is\nnecessary to understand the principles of bread-making. Fermentation is the\nbasic principle of yeast bread, and fermentation is controlled by temperature.\nThe yeast plant grows at a temperature from 70 to 90 degrees (Fahrenheit), and\nif care is taken to maintain this temperature during the process of\nfermentation, waste caused by sour dough or over-fermentation will be\neliminated. When we control the temperature we can also reduce the time\nnecessary for making a loaf of bread, or several loaves of bread as may be\nneeded, into as short a period as three hours. This is what is known as the\nquick method. It not only saves time and labor, but, controlling the\ntemperature, insures accurate results. The easiest way to control the\ntemperature is to put the bowl containing the dough into another of slightly\nlarger size containing water at a temperature of 90 degrees. The water of\ncourse should never be hot. Hot water kills the yeast plant. Cold water checks\nits growth. Cover the bowl and set it in the gas oven or fireless cooker or on\nthe shelf of the coal range. As the water in the large bowl cools off, remove\na cupful and add a cupful of hot water. At the end of one and one-half hours\nthe [pg 15] dough should have doubled in bulk. Take it out of the pan and\nknead until the large gas bubbles are broken (about ten minutes). Then place\nin greased bread pans and allow to rise for another half hour. At the end of\nthis time it will not only fill the pan, but will project out of it. Do not\nallow the dough to rise too high, for then the bread will have large holes in\nit. A good proportion as a general rule to follow, is:\n\n31⁄2 cupfuls of flour (this includes added cereals)\n\n1 cupful of water or milk\n\n1⁄2 tablespoon shortening\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n1 cake of compressed yeast\n\n> In this recipe sugar has been omitted because of the serious shortage, but\n> after the war a teaspoon of sugar should be added. The shortening, although\n> small in quantity, may also be omitted.\n\nThese materials make a loaf of about one pound, which should be baked in forty\nto fifty minutes at a temperature of 450 degrees (Fahrenheit). Allow a little\nlonger time for bread containing oatmeal or other grains. Such breads require\na little longer baking and a little lower temperature than wheat breads. If\nyou do not use a thermometer in testing your oven, place a piece of paper on\nthe center shelf, and if it browns in two minutes your oven is right. If a\nlonger period for raising is allowed than is suggested in the above recipe,\nthe yeast proportion should be decreased. For overnight bread use one-quarter\nyeast cake per loaf; for six-hour bread, use one-half yeast cake per loaf; for\nthree-hour bread, use one yeast cake per loaf. In baking, the time allowed\nshould depend on the size of the loaf. When baked at a temperature of 450\ndegrees, large loaves take from forty-five to sixty minutes, small loaves from\nthirty to forty minutes, rolls from ten to twenty minutes.\n\nIt is well to divide the oven time into four parts. During the first quarter,\nthe rising continues; second quarter, browning begins; the third quarter,\nbrowning is finished; [pg 16] the fourth quarter, bread shrinks from the side\nof the pan. These are always safe tests to follow in your baking. When baked,\nthe bread should be turned out of the pans and allow to cool on a wire rack.\nWhen cool, put the bread in a stone crock or bread box. To prevent staleness,\nkeep the old bread away from the fresh—scald the bread crock or give your\nbread box a sun bath at frequent intervals.\n\nEven with all possible care to prevent waste, yeast breads will not conserve\nour wheat supply so well as quick breads, because all yeast breads need a\nlarger percentage of wheat. The home baker can better serve her country by\nintroducing into her menus numerous quick breads that can be made from\ncornmeal, rye, corn and rye, hominy, and buckwheat. Griddle cakes and waffles\ncan also be made from lentils, soy beans, potatoes, rice and peas.\n\nDo not expect that the use of other cereals in bread-making will reduce the\ncost of your bread. That is not the object. Saving of wheat for war needs is\nthe thing we are striving for, and this is as much an act of loyalty as buying\nLiberty Bonds. It is to meet the crucial world need of bread that we are\nlearning to substitute, and not to spare the national purse.\n\nBesides this saving of wheat, our Government also asks us to omit all fat from\nour yeast breads in order to conserve the diminishing fat supply. This may\nseem impossible to the woman who has never made bread without shortening, but\nrecent experiments in bread-making laboratories have proved that bread,\nwithout shortening, is just as light and as good in texture as that made with\nshortening—the only difference being a slight change in flavor. These\nexperiments have also shown that it is possible to supply shortening by the\nintroduction of 3 per cent. to 5 per cent. of canned cocoanut or of peanut\nbutter, [pg 17] and that sugar may also be omitted from bread-making recipes.\nIn fact, the war is bringing about manifold interesting experiments which\nprove that edible and nutritious bread can be made of many things besides the\nusual white flour.\n\nThe recipes herewith appended, showing the use of combinations of cereals and\nwheat, have been carefully tested in The Forecast School of Modern Cookery.\nGood bread can be made from each recipe, and the new flavors obtained by the\nuse of other grains make a pleasing and wholesome variety.\n\nA family which has eaten oatmeal or entire wheat bread will never again be\nsatisfied with a diet that includes only bread made from bleached flour.\nChildren, especially, will be benefited by the change, as the breads made from\ncoarser flours are not only more nutritious, but are rich in the minerals and\nvitamine elements that are so essential to the growth of strong teeth, bones\nand growing tissues.\n\nThe homemaker, too, will never regret her larger acquaintance with bread-\nmaking materials, as the greater variety of breads that she will find herself\nable to produce will be a source of pleasure and keen satisfaction.\n\nBreads Made From the Coarser Flours, Whole Wheat, Cornmeal, Rye, Conserve Our\nWheat Supply\n\n[pg 18] To Conform to U.S. Food Administration Regulations During the War,\nEliminate Fat and Sweetening in Breads—Whenever Fat Is Used, Use Drippings\n\n### THE USE OF CORN\n\n#### CORNMEAL ROLLS\n\n1 cup bread flour\n\n1 cup cornmeal\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄3 cup milk\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n1 tablespoon sugar\n\nMix and sift dry ingredients and cut in the fat. Beat the egg and add to it\nthe milk. Combine the liquid with the dry ingredients. Shape as Parker House\nrolls and bake in a hot oven 12 to 15 minutes.\n\n#### BUTTERMILK OR SOUR MILK CORNMEAL MUFFINS\n\n2 cups cornmeal\n\n1 egg\n\n2 tablespoons sugar\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n2 cups sour or buttermilk\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 teaspoon soda\n\nDissolve soda in a little cold water. Mix ingredients adding soda last. Bake\nin hot oven 20 minutes.\n\n#### CORNMEAL GRIDDLE CAKES\n\n11⁄3 cups cornmeal\n\n11⁄2 cups boiling water\n\n3⁄4 cup milk\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 tablespoon molasses\n\n2⁄3 cup flour\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\nScald meal with boiling water. Add milk, fat and molasses. Add sifted dry\ningredients. Bake on hot griddle.\n\n#### SOUTHERN SPOON BREAD\n\n1 cup white cornmeal\n\n2 cups boiling water\n\n1⁄4 cup bacon fat or drippings\n\n3 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n2 eggs\n\n3 slices bread\n\n1⁄2 cup cold water\n\n1 cup milk\n\n[pg 19]\n\nScald cornmeal with boiling water. Soak bread in cold water and milk. Separate\nyolks and whites of eggs. Beat each until light. Mix ingredients in order\ngiven, folding in whites of eggs last. Bake in buttered dish in hot oven 50\nminutes.\n\n#### SPOON BREAD\n\n2 cups water\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1 cup cornmeal\n\n1⁄3 cup sweet pepper\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n2 eggs\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\nMix water and cornmeal and bring to the boiling point and cook 5 minutes. Beat\neggs well and add with other materials to the mush. Beat well and bake in a\nwell-greased pan for 25 minutes in a hot oven. Serve from the same dish with a\nspoon. Serve with milk or syrup.\n\n#### CORNMEAL RAGGED ROBINS\n\n11⁄2 cups cornmeal\n\n1 cup bread flour\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n11⁄3 cups milk\n\n21⁄2 teaspoons cream of tartar\n\n4 tablespoons fat\n\n11⁄4 teaspoons soda\n\nSift dry ingredients. Cut in the fat. Add liquid and drop by spoonfuls on\ngreased baking sheet. Bake in hot oven 12 to 15 minutes. These may be rolled\nand cut same as baking powder biscuits.\n\n#### INDIAN PUDDING\n\n4 cups milk\n\n1⁄3 cup cornmeal\n\n1⁄3 cup molasses\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 teaspoon ginger\n\n1 teaspoon allspice\n\nCook milk and meal in a double boiler 20 minutes; add molasses, salt and\nginger. Pour into greased pudding dish and bake two hours in a slow oven, or\nuse fireless cooker. Serve with milk. This makes a good and nourishing\ndessert. Serves six.\n\n#### TAMALE PIE\n\n2 cups cornmeal\n\n5 cups water (boiling)\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 onion\n\n2 cups tomatoes\n\n2 cups cooked or raw meat cut in small pieces\n\n1⁄4 cup green peppers\n\nTo the cornmeal and 1 teaspoon salt, add boiling water. Cook one-half hour.\nBrown onion in fat, add meat. Add salt, 1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne, the tomatoes and\ngreen peppers. Grease baking dish, put in layer of cornmeal mush, add seasoned\nmeat, and cover with mush. Bake one-half hour.\n\n[pg 20]\n\n#### EGGLESS CORN BREAD\n\n1 cup cornmeal\n\n1⁄2 cup bread flour\n\n3 tablespoons molasses\n\n1 cup milk\n\n3 teaspoons baking powder\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\nBeat thoroughly. Bake in greased muffin pans 20 minutes.\n\n#### SWEET MILK CORN BREAD\n\n2 cups cornmeal\n\n2 cups sweet milk (whole or skim)\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 egg\n\nMix dry ingredients. Add milk, well-beaten egg, and melted fat. Beat well.\nBake in shallow pan for about 30 minutes.\n\n#### SOUR MILK CORN BREAD\n\n2 cups cornmeal\n\n2 cups sour milk\n\n1 teaspoon soda\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup or molasses\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 egg\n\nMix dry ingredients. Add milk, egg and fat. Beat well. Bake in greased pan 20\nminutes.\n\n### THE USE OF OATS\n\n#### COOKED OATMEAL BREAD\n\n3 cups thick cooked oatmeal\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n11⁄2 tablespoons salt\n\n3 tablespoons molasses\n\n11⁄2 cakes yeast\n\n3⁄4 cup lukewarm water\n\nAbout 5 cups flour\n\nTo oatmeal add the sugar, salt and fat. Mix the yeast cake with the lukewarm\nwater, add it to the other materials and stir in the flour until the dough\nwill not stick to the sides of the bowl. Knead until elastic, ten to fifteen\nminutes, moisten the top of the dough with a little water to prevent a hard\ncrust forming, and set to rise in a warm place. When double its bulk, knead\nagain for a few minutes. Shape into loaves and put into greased pans. Let rise\ndouble in bulk and bake in a moderate oven for about 50 minutes.\n\n[pg 21]\n\n#### OATMEAL BREAD\n\n2 cups rolled oats\n\n2 cups boiling water\n\n1⁄3 cup molasses\n\n1 yeast cake\n\n3⁄4 cup lukewarm water\n\n1 tablespoon salt\n\n2 tablespoons fat (melted)\n\nAbout 6 cups bread flour\n\nScald the rolled oats with the boiling water and let stand until cool.\nDissolve the yeast in the lukewarm water and add to the first mixture when\ncool. Add the molasses, salt and melted fat. Stir in enough bread flour to\nknead. Turn on a floured board. Knead lightly. Return to bowl and let rise\nuntil double in bulk. Knead and shape in loaves and let rise until double\nagain. Bake in a moderate oven 45 minutes.\n\n#### OATMEAL NUT BREAD\n\n1 cake compressed yeast\n\n2 cups boiling water\n\n11⁄2 cup lukewarm water\n\n2 cups rolled oats\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 cup brown sugar or 2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n4 cups flour\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped nuts.\n\nPour two cups of boiling water over oatmeal, cover and let stand until\nlukewarm. Dissolve yeast and sugar in one-half cup lukewarm water, add\nshortening and add this to the oatmeal and water. Add one cup of flour, or\nenough to make an ordinary sponge. Beat well. Cover and set aside in a\nmoderately warm place to rise for one hour.\n\nAdd enough flour to make a dough—about three cups, add nuts and the salt.\nKnead well. Place in greased bowl, cover and let rise in a moderately warm\nplace until double in bulk—about one and one-half hour. Mould into loaves,\nfill well-greased pans half full, cover and let rise again one hour. Bake\nforty-five minutes in a moderate oven.\n\n#### OATMEAL SCONES\n\n1 cup cold porridge (stiff)\n\n1 cup boiling water\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon baking powder or 1⁄4 teaspoon soda\n\n1 teaspoon corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\nMix soda, boiling water and fat. Mix all. Turn on board. Mould flat—cut\n1⁄4-inch thick and bake on griddle.\n\n#### OATMEAL MUFFINS\n\n11⁄3 cups flour\n\n2 tablespoons molasses\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n3 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1 egg beaten\n\n1⁄2 cup milk\n\n1 cup cooked oatmeal\n\n[pg 22]\n\nSift dry ingredients. Add egg and milk. Add fat and cereal. Beat well. Bake in\ngreased tins 20 minutes.\n\n#### ROLLED OATS RAGGED ROBINS\n\n11⁄2 cups rolled oats\n\n1 cup bread flour\n\n11⁄3 teaspoons salt\n\n11⁄3 cups milk\n\n21⁄2 teaspoons cream of tartar\n\n4 tablespoons fat\n\n11⁄4 teaspoons soda\n\nSift dry ingredients. Cut in the fat. Add liquid and drop by spoonfuls on\ngreased baking sheet. Bake in hot oven 12 to 15 minutes. These may be rolled\nand cut same as baking powder biscuits. (If uncooked rolled oats are used,\nallow to stand in the milk for 30 minutes before making recipe.)\n\n### THE USE OF RYE\n\n#### RYE YEAST BREAD\n\n1 cup milk and water, or water\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n21⁄2 cups rye flour\n\n21⁄2 cups wheat flour\n\n1⁄2 cake compressed yeast\n\n2 tablespoons water\n\nCombine ingredients. Mix into dough and knead. Let rise until double original\nbulk. Knead again. When double bulk, bake about\n\n#### RYE ROLLS\n\n4 cups rye flour\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n6 teaspoons baking powder\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 cup chopped nuts\n\nMix dry ingredients thoroughly. Add milk, nuts and melted shortening. Knead.\nShape into rolls. Put into greased pans. Let stand one-half hour. Bake in\nmoderate oven 30 minutes.\n\n#### WAR BREAD\n\n2 cups boiling water\n\n2 tablespoons sugar\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄4 cup lukewarm water\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n6 cups rye flour\n\n11⁄2 cups whole wheat flour\n\n1 cake yeast\n\nTo the boiling water, add the sugar, fat and salt. When lukewarm, add the\nyeast which has been dissolved in the lukewarm water. Add the rye and whole\nwheat flour. Cover and let rise until twice its bulk, shape into loaves; let\nrise until double and bake about 40 minutes, in a moderately hot oven.\n\n[pg 23]\n\n#### RYE RAGGED ROBINS\n\n11⁄2 cups rye flour\n\n1 cup bread flour\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n11⁄3 cups milk\n\n21⁄2 teaspoons cream of tartar\n\n4 tablespoons fat\n\n11⁄4 teaspoons soda\n\nSift dry ingredients. Cut in the fat. Add liquid and drop by spoonfuls on\ngreased baking sheet. Bake in hot oven 12 to 15 minutes. These may be rolled\nand cut same as baking powder biscuits.\n\n### THE USE OF BARLEY\n\n#### BARLEY YEAST BREAD\n\n1 cup milk and water, or water\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n11⁄6 cups barley flour\n\n21⁄3 cups wheat flour\n\n1⁄2 cake compressed yeast\n\nSoften the yeast in 1⁄4 cup lukewarm liquid. Combine ingredients. Mix into a\ndough. Knead and let rise to double original bulk. Knead again. Put in pan;\nwhen again double in bulk bake 45 minutes.\n\n#### BARLEY MUFFINS\n\n11⁄4 cups whole wheat flour\n\n1 cup barley meal\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n3 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1 egg\n\n11⁄4 cups sour milk\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon soda\n\n2 tablespoons drippings\n\nSift flour, barley meal, salt and baking powder. Dissolve soda in a little\ncold water and add to sour milk. Combine flour mixture and sour milk, add\nbeaten egg and melted fat. Bake in muffin pans in a moderate oven 25 minutes.\n\n#### BARLEY SPOON BREAD\n\n2 tablespoons pork drippings\n\n3 cups boiling water\n\n1 cup barley meal\n\n2 eggs\n\nHeat drippings in saucepan until slightly brown, add water and when boiling,\nadd barley meal, stirring constantly. Cook in a double boiler one-half hour,\ncool, and add well-beaten yolks. Fold in whites, beaten. Bake in greased dish\nin moderate oven one-half hour.\n\n[pg 24]\n\n#### BARLEY PUDDING\n\n5 cups milk\n\n1⁄2 cup barley meal\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon ginger\n\n3⁄4 cup molasses\n\nScald the milk, pour this on the meal and cook in double boiler one-half hour;\nadd molasses, salt and ginger. Pour into greased pudding dish and bake two\nhours in a slow oven. Serve either hot or cold with syrup.\n\n#### BARLEY SCONES\n\n1 cup whole wheat flour\n\n1 cup barley meal\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n2 teaspoons baking powder\n\n3 tablespoons fat\n\n3⁄4 cup sour milk\n\n1⁄3 teaspoon soda\n\nSift flour, barley meal, salt and baking powder together. Add fat. Dissolve\nsoda in one tablespoon cold water and add to sour milk. Combine flour mixture\nand sour milk to form a soft dough. Turn out on a well-floured board, knead\nslightly, roll to one-half inch thickness; cut in small pieces and bake in a\nhot oven 15 minutes.\n\n### THE USE OF POTATO\n\n#### POTATO BISCUIT\n\n1 cup mashed lightly packed potato\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 cup whole wheat flour\n\n1 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\nAbout 1⁄2 cup milk or water in which potatoes were cooked\n\nAdd melted fat to mashed potato. Mix and sift flour, baking powder and salt\nand add to potato mixture, add enough of the milk to make a soft dough. Roll\nout 1⁄2 inch thick, cut with a biscuit cutter and bake in a quick oven for 15\nminutes. (If bread flour is used in place of whole wheat, the biscuits are\nslightly lighter and flakier in texture.)\n\n#### POTATO BREAD\n\n11⁄2 cups tightly packed mashed potato\n\n21⁄2 cups wheat flour\n\n1 tablespoon warm water\n\n1⁄2 yeast cake\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\nMake dough as usual. Let rise in warm place for 15 minutes. Mould into loaf,\nput in pan, let rise until double in bulk in warm place. Bake for 45 minutes\nin hot oven.\n\n[pg 25]\n\n#### POTATO YEAST BREAD\n\n1⁄2 cup milk and water or water\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\n4 tablespoons fat\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n4 cups boiled potatoes\n\n8 cups flour\n\n1⁄2 cake compressed yeast\n\n1⁄4 cup warm water\n\nDissolve yeast in the warm water. Add other ingredients and make same as any\nbread.\n\n#### POTATO PARKER HOUSE ROLLS\n\n1⁄2 cake yeast\n\n1 cup milk (scalded)\n\n1 teaspoon fat\n\n3 tablespoons corn syrup (or 1 tablespoon sugar)\n\n31⁄2 cups flour\n\n2 cups potato (mashed and hot)\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 egg\n\nDissolve yeast in milk (luke warm). Stir in dry ingredients. Add potato and\nknead until smooth. Let rise until light. Roll thin, fold over, bake until\nbrown.\n\n### THE USE OF MIXED GRAINS\n\n#### WAR BREAD OR THIRDS BREAD\n\n1 pint milk, or milk and water\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n2 tablespoons molasses\n\n1 yeast cake\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\nMix as ordinary bread dough. Add 2 cups cornmeal and 2 cups rye meal and\nenough whole wheat flour to knead. Let rise, knead, shape, let rise again in\nthe pan and bake 45 minutes.\n\n#### CORN MEAL AND RYE BREAD\n\n2 cups lukewarm water\n\n1 cake yeast\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄3 cup molasses\n\n11⁄4 cup rye flour\n\n1 cup corn meal\n\n3 cups bread flour\n\nDissolve yeast cake in water, add remaining ingredients, and mix thoroughly.\nLet rise, shape, let rise again and bake.\n\n[pg 26]\n\n#### BOSTON BROWN BREAD\n\n1 cup rye meal\n\n1 cup cornmeal\n\n1 cup graham flour\n\n2 cups sour milk\n\n13⁄4 teaspoons soda\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n3⁄4 cup molasses\n\nBeat well. Put in greased covered molds, steam 2 to 3 hours.\n\n#### BREAD MUFFINS\n\n2 cups bread crumbs\n\n1⁄3 cup flour\n\n1 tablespoon fat, melted\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\n1 egg\n\n2 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\nCover crumbs with milk and soak 10 minutes. Beat smooth, add egg yolks, dry\ningredients sifted together and fat. Fold in beaten whites of eggs. Bake in\nmuffin tins in moderate oven for 15 minutes.\n\n#### CORN, RYE AND WHOLE WHEAT FRUIT MUFFINS\n\n1⁄3 cup boiling water\n\n1 cup cornmeal\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon soda\n\n1⁄4 cup molasses\n\n1 cup whole wheat flour\n\n1 cup rye flour\n\n3 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1⁄3 cup raisins cut in halves\n\n1⁄4 cup chopped nuts\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\nScald meal with boiling water, mix soda and molasses. Mix dry ingredients, mix\nall thoroughly. Bake in muffin pans one-half hour.\n\n#### SOY BEAN MEAL BISCUIT\n\n1 cup soy bean meal or flour\n\n1 cup whole wheat\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1 tablespoon corn syrup\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 cup milk\n\nSift dry ingredients. Cut in fat. Add liquid to make soft dough. Roll one-half\ninch thick. Cut and bake 12 to 15 minutes in hot oven.\n\n#### EMERGENCY BISCUIT\n\n1 cup whole wheat flour\n\n1 cup cornmeal\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon soda\n\n1 cup sour milk\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\nMix as baking powder biscuit. Drop by spoonfuls on greased baking sheet. Bake\n15 minutes in hot oven.\n\n[pg 27]\n\n### PANCAKES AND WAFFLES\n\n#### SOUR MILK PANCAKES\n\n1 cup sour milk\n\n1⁄2 cup cooked cereal or\n\n1 cup bread crumbs\n\n1 tablespoon melted fat\n\n1 egg\n\n3⁄4 cup whole wheat flour\n\n1 teaspoon soda\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\nMix bread crumbs, flour, salt; add beaten egg, fat and cereal; mix soda with\nsour milk and add to other ingredients.\n\n#### SPLIT PEA PANCAKES\n\n2 cups split peas\n\n2 egg whites\n\n1⁄3 cup flour\n\n1 cup milk\n\n2 egg yolks\n\n2 tablespoons pork drippings\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 teaspoonful baking powder\n\nSoak peas over night, cook, and when tender, put through a food chopper and\nmix the ingredients. Bake on hot greased griddle.\n\n#### BREAD GRIDDLE CAKES\n\n2 cups sour milk\n\n2 cups bread\n\nLet stand until soft\n\nPut through colander. For each one pint use:\n\n1 egg\n\n1 teaspoon soda\n\n2 teaspoons sugar\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\n3⁄4 cup flour\n\n1 egg beaten\n\nMix well; bake at once on hot greased griddle.\n\n#### OATMEAL PANCAKES\n\n2 cups oatmeal\n\n1 tablespoon melted fat\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\nAdd:\n\n1 egg beaten into a cupful of milk\n\n1 cupful flour into which has been sifted 1 teaspoonful baking powder.\n\nBeat well. Cook on a griddle. This is an excellent way to use left-over\noatmeal.\n\n[pg 28]\n\n#### POTATO PANCAKES\n\n2 cups of chopped potato\n\n1⁄2 cup milk\n\n1 egg\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n2 cups flour\n\n5 teaspoons of baking powder\n\n2 cups of hot water\n\nParboil potatoes in the skins for fifteen minutes. Pare and chop fine or put\nthrough food chopper. Mix potatoes, milk, eggs and salt. Sift the flour and\nbaking powder and stir into a smooth batter. Thin with hot water as necessary.\nBake on a greased griddle.\n\n#### RICE WAFFLES\n\n1 cup cold boiled rice\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\n2 eggs\n\n2 cups flour\n\n1⁄3 teaspoon salt\n\n1 tablespoon melted fat\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\nAdd milk to rice and stir until smooth. Add salt, egg yolks beaten; add flour\nsifted with baking powder and salt; add fat; add stiffly beaten whites.\n\n#### RICE GRIDDLE CAKES\n\n1⁄2 cup boiled rice\n\n1⁄2 cup flour\n\n3 tablespoons fat\n\n1 pint milk\n\n2⁄3 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon soda\n\nStir rice in milk. Let stand one-half hour. Add other ingredients, having\ndissolved soda in one tablespoon cold water.\n\n#### CORNMEAL WAFFLES\n\n1 cup cornmeal\n\n1⁄2 cup flour\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n2 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1⁄4 cup corn syrup\n\n1 egg\n\n1 pint milk\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\nCook cornmeal and milk in double boiler 10 minutes. Sift dry ingredients. Add\nmilk, cornmeal; beaten yolks; fat, beaten whites.\n\n#### CORNMEAL AND RYE WAFFLES\n\n1 cup rye flour\n\n3⁄4 cup cornmeal\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1 tablespoon melted fat\n\n2 eggs\n\n11⁄4 cups milk\n\nSift dry ingredients. Add beaten yolks added to milk. Add fat and stiffly\nbeaten whites. If waffles are not crisp add more liquid.\n\n[pg 29]\n\nEach Food Shown is Equivalent in Protein to the Platter of Meat in the Center\nof the Picture.\n\n## SAVE MEAT\n\n#### Reasons Why Our Government Has Asked Us to Save Meat with Practical\nRecipes for Meat Conservation\n\nAs a nation we eat and waste 80 per cent. more meat than we require to\nmaintain health. This statement, recently issued by the United States Food\nAdministration, is appalling when we consider that there is a greater demand\nfor meat in the world to-day than ever before, coupled with a greatly\ndecreased production. The increase in the demand for meat and animal products\nis due to the stress of the war. Millions of men are on the fighting line\ndoing hard physical labor, and require a larger food allowance than when they\nwere civilians. To meet the demand for meat and to save their grains, our\nAllies have been compelled to kill upward of thirty-three million head of\ntheir stock animals, and they have thus stifled their animal production. This\nwas burning the [pg 30] candle at both ends, and they now face increased\ndemand handicapped by decreased production.\n\nAmerica must fill the breach. Not only must we meet the present increased\ndemand, but we must be prepared as the war advances to meet an even greater\ndemand for this most necessary food. The way out of this serious situation is\nfirst to reduce meat consumption to the amount really needed and then to learn\nto use other foods that will supply the food element which is found in meat.\nThis element is called protein, and we depend upon it to build and repair body\ntissues.\n\nAlthough most persons believe that protein can only be obtained from meat, it\nis found in many other foods, such as milk, skim milk, cheese, cottage cheese,\npoultry, eggs, fish, dried peas, beans, cow peas, lentils and nuts. For\ninstance, pound for pound, salmon, either fresh or canned, equals round steak\nin protein content; cream cheese contains one-quarter more protein and three\ntimes as much fat; peanuts (hulled) one-quarter more protein and three and a\nhalf times as much fat; beans (dried) a little more protein and one-fifth as\nmuch fat; eggs (one dozen) about the same in protein and one-half more fat. It\nis our manifest duty to learn how to make the best use of these foods in order\nto save beef, pork and mutton, to be shipped across the sea. This means that\nthe housekeeper has before her the task of training the family palate to\naccept new food preparations. Training the family palate is not easy, because\nbodies that have grown accustomed to certain food combinations find it\ndifficult to get along without them, and rebel at a change. If these habits of\ndiet are suddenly disturbed we may upset digestion, as well as create a\nfeeling of dissatisfaction which is equally harmful to physical well-being.\nThe wise housekeeper will therefore make her changes gradually.\n\nIn reducing meat in the diet of a family that has been [pg 31] used to having\nmeat twice a day, it will be well to start out with meat once a day and keep\nup this régime for a couple of weeks. Then drop meat for a whole day,\nsupplying in its stead a meat substitute dish that will furnish the same\nnutriment. After a while you can use meat substitutes at least twice a week\nwithout disturbing the family's mental or physical equilibrium. It would be\nwell also to introduce dishes that extend the meat flavor, such as stews\ncombined with dumplings, hominy, or rice; pot pies or short cakes with a\ndressing of meat and vegetables; meat loaf, souffle or croquettes in which\nmeat is combined with bread crumbs, potato or rice.\n\nMeat eating is largely a matter of flavor. If flavor is supplied, the\nreduction of meat in the diet can be made with little annoyance. Nutrition can\nalways be supplied in the other dishes that accompany the meal, as a certain\nproportion of protein is found in almost every food product. The meat that we\nuse to obtain flavor in sauces and gravies need not be large in quantity, nor\nexpensive in cut. The poor or cheap cuts have generally more flavor than the\nexpensive ones, the difference being entirely in texture and tenderness,\nfreedom from gristle and inedible tissue. There are many cereals, such as\nrice, hominy, cornmeal, samp and many vegetable dishes, especially dried beans\nof all kinds, that are greatly improved by the addition of meat sauce and when\nprepared in this way may be served as the main dish of a meal.\n\nDr. Harvey W. Wiley has stated that the meat eating of the future will not be\nregarded as a necessity so much as it has been in the past, and that meat will\nbe used more as a condimental substance. Europe has for years used meat for\nflavor rather than for nutriment. It would seem that the time has come for\nAmericans to learn the use of meat for flavor and to utilize more skillfully\nthe protein of other foods.\n\n[pg 32]\n\nIt may be difficult to convince the meat lover that he can radically reduce\nthe proportion of meat in his diet without detriment to health. Many persons\nadhere to the notion that you are not nourished unless you eat meat; that meat\nfoods are absolutely necessary to maintain the body strength. This idea is\nentirely without foundation, for the foods mentioned as meat substitutes\nearlier in this chapter can be made to feed the world, and feed it well—in\nfact, no nation uses so large a proportion of meat as America.\n\nThe first step, therefore, in preparing ourselves to reduce meat consumption\nis to recognize that only a small quantity of meat is necessary to supply\nsufficient protein for adult life. The growing child or the youth springing\ninto manhood needs a larger percentage of meat than the adult, and in\napportioning the family's meat ration this fact should not be overlooked.\n\nThe second step is to reduce the amount purchased, choosing cuts that contain\nthe least waste, and by utilizing with care that which we do purchase. Fat,\ntrimmings, and bones all have their uses and should be saved from the garbage\npail.\n\nCareful buying, of course, depends on a knowledge of cuts, a study of the\npercentage of waste in each cut, and the food value of the different kinds of\nmeat. Make a study of the different cuts, as shown in the charts on pages 36,\n37, and armed with this knowledge go forth to the butcher for practical\nbuying.\n\nThen comes the cooking, which can only be properly done when the fundamental\nprinciples of the cooking processes, such as boiling, braising, broiling,\nstewing, roasting and frying are understood. Each cut requires different\nhandling to secure the maximum amount of nutriment and flavor. The waste\noccasioned by improper cooking is a large factor in both household and\nnational economy.\n\n[pg 33]\n\nIt has been estimated that a waste of an ounce each day of edible meat or fat\nin the twenty million American homes amounts to 456,000,000 pounds of valuable\nanimal food a year. At average dressed weights, this amounts to 875,000\nsteers, or over 3,000,000 hogs. Each housekeeper, therefore, who saves her\nounce a day aids in this enormous saving, which will mean so much in the\nfeeding of our men on the fighting line.\n\nSo the housekeeper who goes to her task of training the family palate to\naccept meat substitutes and meat economy dishes, who revolutionizes her\nmethods of cooking so as to utilize even \"the pig's squeak,\" will be doing her\nbit toward making the world safe for democracy.\n\nThe following charts, tables of nutritive values and suggested menus have been\narranged to help her do this work. The American woman has her share in this\ngreat world struggle, and that is the intelligent conservation of food.\n\n#### SELECTION OF MEAT\n\nBEEF—Dull red as cut, brighter after exposure to air; lean, well mottled with\nfat; flesh, firm; fat, yellowish in color. Best beef from animal 3 to 5 years\nold, weighing 900 to 1,200 pounds. Do not buy wet, soft, or pink beef.\n\nVEAL—Flesh pink. (If white, calf was bled before killed or animal too young.)\nThe fat should be white.\n\nMUTTON—Best from animal 3 years old. Flesh dull red, fat firm and white.\n\nLAMB—(Spring Lamb 3 months to 6 months old; season, February to March.) Bones\nof lamb should be small; end of bone in leg of lamb should be serrated; flesh\npink, and fat white.\n\nPORK—The lean should be fine grained and pale pink. The skin should be smooth\nand clear. If flesh is soft, or fat yellowish, pork is not good.\n\n[pg 34]\n\n#### SELECTION OF TOUGHER CUTS AND THEIR USES\n\nLess expensive cuts of meat have more nourishment than the more expensive, and\nif properly cooked and seasoned, have as much tenderness. Tough cuts, as chuck\nor top sirloin, may be boned and rolled and then roasted by the same method as\ntender cuts, the only difference will be that the tougher cuts require longer\ncooking. Have the bones from rolled meats sent home to use for soups. Corned\nbeef may be selected from flank, naval, plate or brisket. These cuts are more\njuicy than rump or round cuts.\n\n1\\. For pot roast use chuck, crossrib, round, shoulder, rump or top sirloin.\n\n2\\. For stew use shin, shoulder, top sirloin or neck.\n\n3\\. For steaks use flank, round or chuck. If these cuts are pounded, or both\npounded and rubbed with a mixture of 1 part vinegar and 2 parts oil before\ncooking, they will be very tender.\n\n4\\. Soups—Buy shin or neck. The meat from these may be utilized by serving\nwith horseradish or mustard sauce, or combined with equal amount of fresh meat\nfor meat loaf, scalloped dish, etc.\n\n#### DRY METHODS\n\n1\\. Roasting or Baking—Oven roasting or baking is applied to roasts.\n\nPlace the roast in a hot oven, or if gas is used, put in the broiling oven to\nsear the outside quickly, and thus keep in the juices. Salt, pepper and flour.\nIf an open roasting pan is used place a few tablespoonfuls of fat and 1 cup of\nwater in the pan, which should be used to baste the roast frequently. If a\ncovered pan is used basting is unnecessary.\n\nBeef or mutton| (5 to 8 lbs.)| 10 min. to the lb.| 10 min. extra \n---|---|---|--- \nLamb| (5 to 8 lbs.)| 12 min. to the lb.| 12 min. extra \nVeal| (5 to 8 lbs.)| 15 min. to the lb.| 15 min. extra \nPork| (5 to 8 lbs.)| 25 min. to the lb.| 25 min. extra \nTurkey| 20 min. to the lb. \nChicken| 30 min. to the lb. \nDuck| 30 min. to the lb. \nGoose| 30 min. to the lb. \nGame| 30 min. to the lb. \n \n2\\. Broiling—Cooking over or under clear fire. This method is used for chops\nor steaks.\n\nSear the meat on both sides. Then reduce the heat and turn the meat\nfrequently. Use no fat.\n\nTime Table—(Count time after meat is seared).\n\n1⁄2 inch chops or steaks, 5 minutes\n\n1 inch chops or steaks, 10 minutes\n\n2 inch chops or steaks, 15 to 18 minutes\n\n3\\. Pan Broiling—Cooking in pan with no fat. Time table same as for broiling\nchops, steaks, etc.\n\n4\\. Sautéing—Cooking in pan in small amount of fat. Commonly termed \"frying.\"\nUsed for steaks, chops, etc. Time table same as for broiling.\n\n[pg 35]\n\n#### MOIST METHODS\n\n1\\. Boiling—Cooking in boiling water—especially poultry, salt meats, etc.\n\n2\\. Steaming—A method of cooking by utilizing steam from boiling water, which\nretains more food value than any other. Too seldom applied to meats.\n\n3\\. Frying—Cooking by immersion in hot fat at temperature 400 to 450 degrees\nFahrenheit. Used for croquettes, etc.\n\nIf a fat thermometer is not available, test by using small pieces of bread.\nPut into heated fat:\n\nA—For croquettes made from food requiring little cooking, such as oysters, or\nfrom previously cooked mixtures, as rice, fish or meat croquettes, bread\nshould brown in one-half minute.\n\nB—For mixtures requiring cooking, as doughnuts, fritters, etc., bread should\nbrown in one minute.\n\n#### COMBINATION METHODS\n\n1\\. Pot Roasting—Cooking (by use of steam from small amount of water) tough\ncuts of meat which have been browned but not cooked thoroughly.\n\nSeason meat. Dredge with flour. Sear in hot pan until well browned. Place oil\nrack in pot containing water to height of one inch, but do not let water reach\nthe meat. Keep water slowly boiling. Replenish as needed with boiling water.\nThis method renders tough cuts tender, but requires several hours cooking.\n\n2\\. Stewing—A combination of methods which draws part of flavor into gravy and\nretains part in pieces which are to be used as meat.\n\nCut meat into pieces suitable for serving. Cover one-half of meat with cold\nwater. Let stand one hour. Bring slowly to boiling point. Dredge other half of\nmeat with flour and brown in small amount of fat. Add to the other mixture and\ncook slowly 11⁄2 to 2 hours, or until tender, adding diced vegetables,\nthickening and seasoning as desired one-half hour before cooking is finished.\n\n3\\. Fricasseeing—Cooking in a sauce until tender, meat which has been\npreviously browned but not cooked throughout.\n\nBrown meat in small amount of fat. Place in boiling water to cover. Cook\nslowly until tender. To 1 pint of water in which meat is cooked, add 1⁄4 cup\nflour, 1 teaspoon salt, 1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne, and 1⁄4 cup milk, thoroughly\nblended. When at boiling point, add one beaten egg, 1 tablespoon chopped\nparsley and 1 tablespoon cold water well mixed, Add cooked meat and serve.\n\n[pg 36]\n\n## VEAL\n\nNeck for stews.\n\nShoulder for inexpensive chops.\n\nSweetbread—broiled or creamed.\n\nBreast for roast or pot roast.\n\nLoin for roast.\n\nRump for stews.\n\nCutlet for broiling.\n\n## BEEF\n\n[pg 37]\n\n## LAMB AND MUTTON\n\nNeck—use for stews.\n\nShoulder for cheaper chops.\n\nBreast for roast\n\nRibs for chops or crown roast.\n\nLoin for roast.\n\nFlank for stews.\n\nLeg for cutlet and roast.\n\n## PORK\n\nHead for cheese.\n\nShoulder same as ham but have it boned. Has same flavor and is much cheaper.\n\nLoin used for chops or roast.\n\nHam for boiling, roasting or pan broiling.\n\n[pg 38]\n\n#### LESS-USED EDIBLE PARTS OF ANIMAL, AND METHODS OF COOKING BEST ADAPTED TO\nTHEIR USE\n\nORGAN| ANIMAL SOURCE| METHODS OF COOKING \n---|---|--- \nBrains| Sheep Pork| Broiled or scrambled with egg \nHeart| Veal Pork Beef| Stuffed, baked or broiled \nKidney| Beef Lamb Veal| Stewed or sauted \nLiver| Beef Veal Lamb| Fried, boiled, sauted or broiled \nSweetbreads| Young Veal Young Beef| Creamed, broiled \nTail| Beef Pork| Soup or boiled \nTongue| Beef Pork| Boiled, pickled, corned \nTripe| Veal| Broiled or boiled \nFat| All Animals| Fried out for cooking or soap making \nPigs Feet| Pork| Pickled or boiled or used with meat from head for head cheese \n \n#### COMPARATIVE COMPOSITION OF MEAT AND MEAT SUBSTITUTES\n\nName| Water %| Protein %| Fat %| Carbo- hydrate %| Mineral Matter %| Calories\nper lb. \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \nCheese| 34.2| 25.2| 31.7| 2.4| 3.8| 1,950 \nEggs| 73.7| 13.4| 10.5| ...| 1.0| 720 \nMilk| 87.0| 3.3| 4.0| 5.0| 0.7| 310 \nBeef| 54.8| 23.5| 20.4| ...| 1.2| 1,300 \nCod| 58.5| 11.1| 0.2| ...| 0.8| 209 \nSalmon| 64.0| 22.0| 12.8| ...| 1.4| 923 \nPeas| 85.3| 3.6| 0.2| 9.8| 1.1| 252 \nBaked Beans| 68.9| 6.9| 2.5| 19.6| 2.1| 583 \nLentils| 15.9| 25.1| 1.0| 56.1| 1.1| 1,620 \nPeanuts| 9.2| 25.8| 38.6| 24.4| 0.2| 2,490 \nString Beans| 93.7| 1.1| 0.1| 3.8| 1.3| 92 \nWalnuts| 2.5| 18.4| 64.4| 13.0| 1.7| 3,182 \nAlmonds| 4.8| 21.0| 54.9| 17.3| 2.0| 2,940 \n \n[pg 39]\n\n### THE ECONOMY OF MEAT AND MEAT SUBSTITUTES\n\nDon't buy more than your family actually needs. Study and know what the actual\nneeds are, and you will not make unnecessary expenditures.\n\nLearn what the various cuts of meat are, what they can be used for, and which\nare best suited to the particular needs of your household.\n\nStudy the timeliness of buying certain cuts of meats. There are days when\nprices are lower than normal.\n\nAlways check the butcher's weights by watching him closely or by weighing the\ngoods on scales of your own.\n\nAlways buy a definite quantity. Ask what the pound rate is, and note any\nfractional part of the weight. Don't ask for \"ten or twenty cents' worth.\"\n\nSelect your meat or fish personally. There is no doubt that high retail prices\nare due to the tendency of many housewives to do their buying by telephone or\nthrough their servants.\n\nTest the freshness of meat and fish. Staleness of meat and fish is shown by\nloose and flabby flesh. The gills of fresh fish are red and the fins stiff.\n\nMake all the purchases possible at a public market, if you can walk to it, or\nif carfare will not make too large an increase in the amount you have set\naside for the day's buying.\n\nA food chopper can be made to pay for itself in a short time by the great\nvariety of ways it furnishes of utilizing left-overs.\n\nIf possible, buy meat trimmings. They cost 20 cents a pound and can be used in\nmany ways.\n\nBuy the ends of bacon strips. They are just as nutritious as sliced bacon and\ncost 50 per cent. less.\n\n[pg 40]\n\nLearn to use drippings in place of butter for cooking purposes.\n\nBuy cracked eggs. They cost much less than whole ones and are usually just as\ngood.\n\nKeep a stock pot. Drop into it all left-overs. These make an excellent basis\nfor soup stock.\n\nDon't throw away the heads and bones of fish. Clean them and use them with\nvegetables for fish chowder or cream of fish soup.\n\nStudy attractive ways of serving food. Plain, cheap, dishes can be made\nappetizing if they look attractive on the table.\n\nExperiment with meat substitutes. Cheese, dried vegetables and the cheaper\nvarieties of fish can supply all the nutriment of meat at a much lower cost.\n\nDon't do your cooking \"by guess.\" If the various ingredients are measured\naccurately, the dish will taste better and cost less.\n\nDon't buy delicatessen food if you can possibly avoid it. Delicatessen meals\ncost 15 per cent. more than the same meals cooked at home, and the food is not\nas nourishing. You pay for the cooking and the rent of the delicatessen store,\nas well as the proprietor's profit.\n\nDon't pay five or ten cents more a dozen for white eggs in the belief that\nthey are superior to brown eggs. The food value of each is the same. The\ndifference in shell color is due to the breed of hen.\n\nTell the butcher to give you the trimmings of chicken, i.e., the head, feet,\nfat and giblets. They make delicious chicken soup. The feet contain gelatine,\nwhich gives soup consistency.\n\nBuy a tough, and consequently less expensive, chicken and make it tender by\nsteaming it for three hours before roasting.\n\n[pg 41]\n\nDon't put meat wrapped in paper into the ice-box, as the paper tends to absorb\nthe juices.\n\nTry to find a way to buy at least a part of your meats and eggs direct from\nthe farm. You will get fresher, better food, and if it is sent by parcels post\nit can usually be delivered to your table for much less than city prices.\n\n### MEAT ECONOMY DISHES\n\n#### MOCK DUCK\n\n1 flank steak\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 teaspoon pepper\n\n1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce\n\n1 cup breadcrumbs\n\n1 tablespoon onion juice\n\n1 tablespoon chopped parsley\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon poultry seasoning\n\n1 pint boiling water\n\n1⁄3 cup of whole wheat flour\n\nReserve the water and the flour. Mix other ingredients. Spread on steak. Roll\nthe steak and tie. Roll in the flour. Brown in two tablespoons of fat. Add the\nwater—cover and cook until tender.\n\n#### BEEF STEW\n\n1 lb. of meat from the neck, cross ribs, shin or knuckles\n\n1 sliced onion\n\n3⁄4 cup carrots\n\n1⁄2 cup turnips\n\n1 cup potatoes\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon pepper\n\n1⁄2 cup flour\n\n1 quart water\n\nSoak one-half of the meat, cut in small pieces, in the quart of water for one\nhour. Heat slowly to boiling point. Season the other half of the meat with\nsalt and pepper. Roll in flour. Brown in three tablespoons of fat with the\nonion. Add to the soaked meat, which has been brought to the boiling point.\nCook one hour or until tender. Add the vegetables, and flour mixed with half\ncup of cold water. Cook until vegetables are tender.\n\n#### HAM SOUFFLE\n\n11⁄2 cups breadcrumbs\n\n2 cups scalded milk\n\n11⁄2 cups chopped cooked ham\n\n2 egg yolks\n\n1 tablespoon chopped parsley\n\n1 teaspoon minced onion\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon paprika\n\n2 egg whites\n\n[pg 42]\n\n#### PARSLEY SAUCE\n\n2 tablespoons butter\n\n3 tablespoons flour\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n2 tablespoons chopped parsley\n\nFor the soufflé, cook together breadcrumbs and milk for two minutes. Remove\nfrom fire, add ham and mix well. Add egg yolks, first beating these well; also\nthe parsley (one tablespoon), onion and paprika. Fold in, last of all, the egg\nwhites whipped to a stiff, dry froth. Turn quickly into a well-greased baking\ndish and bake in moderate oven for thirty-five minutes, or until firm to the\ntouch; meantime, make the parsley sauce, so that both can be served instantly\nwhen the soufflé is done; then it will not fall and grow tough.\n\nFor the parsley sauce, melt the butter in saucepan and stir in the flour,\nstirring until perfectly smooth, then add the milk slowly, stirring\nconstantly; cook until thick, stir in the parsley and salt, and serve at once\nin a gravy boat.\n\n#### BATTLE PUDDING\n\n#### BATTER\n\n1 cup flour\n\n1⁄2 cup milk\n\n2 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1 egg\n\n4 tablespoons water\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n#### FILLING\n\n2 cups coarsely chopped cold cooked meat\n\n1 tablespoon drippings\n\n1 medium-sized potato\n\n1 cup stock or hot water\n\nsalt and pepper\n\n1 small onion\n\nAny cold meat may be used for this. Cut it into inch pieces. Slice the onion\nand potato and fry in drippings until onion is slightly browned. Add the meat\nand stock, or hot water, or dissolve in hot water any left-over meat gravy.\nCook all together until potato is soft, but not crumbled; season with the\npepper and salt. Thicken with a tablespoon of flour and turn into a pudding\ndish.\n\nMake a batter by sifting together flour, baking-powder and salt; stir in the\negg and milk, mixed with the water. Beat hard until free from lumps, then pour\nover meat and vegetables in the pudding and bake until brown.\n\n#### CHINESE MUTTON\n\n1 pint chopped cooked mutton\n\n1 head shredded lettuce\n\n1 can cooked peas\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n11⁄2 cups broth\n\n1 teaspoon of salt\n\nCook 15 minutes. Serve as a border around rice.\n\n[pg 43]\n\n#### SHEPHERD'S PIE\n\n2 cups chopped cooked mutton\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon curry powder\n\n2 cups hominy\n\n1 cup peas or carrots\n\n1⁄2 pint of brown sauce or water\n\nPut meat and vegetables in baking dish. Cover with rice, hominy, or samp,\nwhich has been cooked. Bake until brown.\n\n#### SCALLOPED HAM AND HOMINY\n\n2 cups hominy (cooked)\n\n1 cup chopped cooked ham\n\n1⁄3 cup fat\n\n1⁄3 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon of salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon mustard\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 egg\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 cup water\n\nMelt the fat. Add the dry ingredients and the liquid slowly. When at boiling\npoint, add hominy and ham. Stir in the egg. Place in a baking-dish. Cover with\nbuttered crumbs. Bake until brown.\n\n#### BEEF LOAF\n\n1 tablespoon lemon juice\n\n1 tablespoon sour pickle\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 teaspoon celery salt\n\nTo 1 tablespoon of gelatine, softened in 1⁄2 cup of cold water add 1 cup of\nhot tomato juice and pulp. Add seasoned meat. Chill and slice. May be served\nwith salad dressing.\n\n#### BAKED HASH\n\n1 cup chopped cooked meat\n\n2 cups raw potato, cut fine\n\n1 tablespoon onion juice\n\n2 tablespoons chopped parsley\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n1⁄4 cup drippings\n\n1⁄2 cup gravy or water\n\nMelt fat in frying pan. Put in all the other ingredients. Cook over a slow\nfire for 1⁄2 hour. Fold and serve as omelet.\n\n#### MEAT SHORTCAKE\n\n11⁄2 cups flour\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n3 tablespoons shortening\n\n2 teaspoons baking powder\n\n2 cups chopped, cooked meat\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\n1⁄2 cup gravy or soup stock\n\nSalt and pepper\n\n3⁄4 cup milk and water\n\n[pg 44]\n\nMix flour, salt and baking powder. Rub in shortening, and mix to dough with\nmilk and water. Roll out to quarter of an inch thickness, bake in layer cake\ntins. Put together with the chopped meat mixed with the onion and seasoning,\nand heated hot with the gravy or stock. If stock is used, thicken with a\ntablespoon of flour mixed with one of butter, or butter substitute. Serve as\nsoon as put together. Cold cooked fish heated in cream sauce may be used for a\nfilling instead of the meat.\n\n#### SCRAPPLE\n\nPlace a pig's head in 4 quarts of cold water and bring slowly to the boil.\nSkim carefully and season the liquid highly with salt, cayenne and a teaspoon\nof rubbed sage. Let the liquid simmer gently until the meat falls from the\nbones. Strain off the liquid, remove the bones, and chop the meat fine.\n\nMeasure the liquid and allow 1 cup of sifted cornmeal to 3 cups of liquid.\nBlend the cornmeal in the liquid and simmer until it is the consistency of\nthick porridge. Stir in the chopped meat and pour in greased baking pans to\ncool. One-third buckwheat may be used instead of cornmeal, and any kind of\nchopped meat can be blended with the pork if desired. Any type of savory herb\ncan also be used, according to taste.\n\nWhen scrapple is to be eaten, cut into one-half inch slices, dredge with\nflour, and brown in hot fat.\n\n#### FISH AS A MEAT SUBSTITUTE\n\nAs the main course at a meal, fish may be served accompanied by vegetables or\nit may be prepared as a \"one-meal dish\" requiring only bread and butter and a\nsimple dessert to complete a nutritious and well balanced diet. A lack of\nproper knowledge of selection of fish for the different methods of cooking,\nand the improper cooking of fish once it is acquired, are responsible to a\nlarge extent for the prejudice so frequently to be found against the use of\nfish.\n\nThe kinds of fish obtainable in different markets vary somewhat, but the\ngreatest difficulty for many housekeepers seems to be, to know what fish may\nbest be [pg 45] selected for baking, broiling, etc., and the tests for fish\nwhen cooked. An invariable rule for cooking fish is to apply high heat at\nfirst, until the flesh is well seared so as to retain the juices; then a lower\ntemperature until the flesh is cooked throughout. Fish is thoroughly cooked\nwhen the flesh flakes. For broiling or pan broiling, roll fish in flour or\ncornmeal, preferably the latter, which has been well seasoned with salt and\ncayenne. This causes the outside to be crisp and also gives added flavor.\nLeftover bits of baked or other fish may be combined with white sauce or\ntomato sauce, or variations of these sauces, and served as creamed fish, or\nplaced in a greased baking dish, crumbs placed on top and browned and served\nas scalloped fish. Fish canapes, fish cocktail, fish soup or chowder; baked,\nsteamed, broiled or pan broiled fish, entrees without number, and fish salad\ngive opportunity to use it in endless variety.\n\nCombined with starchy foods such as rice, hominy, macaroni, spaghetti or\npotato, and accompanied by a green vegetable or fruit, the dish becomes a\nmeal. Leftover bits may also be utilized for salad, either alone with cooked\nor mayonaise salad dressing, or combined with vegetables such as peas,\ncarrots, cucumbers, etc. The addition of a small amount of chopped pickle to\nfish salad improves its flavor, or a plain or tomato gelatine foundation may\nbe used as a basis for the salad. The appended lists of fish suitable for the\nvarious methods of cooking, and the variety in the recipes for the uses of\nfish, have been arranged to encourage a wider use of this excellent meat\nsubstitute, so largely eaten by European epicures, but too seldom included in\nAmerican menus. During the period of the war, the larger use of fish is a\npatriotic measure in that it will save the beef, mutton and pork needed for\nour armies.\n\n[pg 46]\n\n#### FISH SHORTCAKE\n\n2 cups cooked meat or fish\n\n1 cup gravy or water\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\n2 cups rye flour\n\n1 teaspoon of salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\n4 tablespoons fat\n\n1 cup gravy, water or milk\n\nPlace meat or fish and seasonings in greased dish. Make shortcake by sifting\ndry ingredients, cut in fat, and add liquid. Place on top of meat or fish\nmixture. Bake 30 minutes.\n\n#### CREOLE CODFISH\n\n1 cup codfish, soaked over night and cooked until tender\n\n2 cups cold boiled potatoes\n\n1⁄3 cup pimento\n\n2 cups breadcrumbs\n\n1 cup tomato sauce\n\nMake sauce by melting 1⁄4 cup of fat, adding 2 tablespoons of whole wheat\nflour.\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice, and, gradually\n\n1 cup of tomato and juice\n\nPlace the codfish, potatoes and pimento in a baking dish. Cover with the\ntomato sauce, then the breadcrumbs, to which have been added 2 tablespoons of\ndrippings. Bake brown.\n\n#### CREAMED SHRIMPS AND PEAS\n\n1 cup shrimps\n\n1 cup peas\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\n2 tablespoons flour\n\nMelt fat, add dry ingredients, and gradually the liquid. Then add fish and\npeas.\n\n#### DRESSING FOR BAKED FISH\n\n2 cups breadcrumbs\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper (cayenne)\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\n1 tablespoon parsley\n\n1 tablespoon chopped pickle\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\nMix well and fill fish till it is plump with the mixture.\n\n[pg 47]\n\n#### SHRIMP AND PEA SALAD\n\n1 cup cooked fish\n\n1 cup celery\n\n2 tablespoons pickle\n\n1 cup salad dressing\n\n1 cup peas\n\n#### FOR DRESSING\n\n1 egg\n\n2 tablespoons flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon mustard\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n3⁄4 cup milk\n\n1⁄4 cup vinegar\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\nDirections for making dressing: Mix all ingredients. Cook over hot water until\nconsistency of custard.\n\n#### FISH CHOWDER\n\n1⁄4 lb. fat salt pork\n\n1 onion\n\n2 cups fish\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\nWater to cover\n\n2 cups potatoes, diced\n\nCook slowly, covered, for 1⁄2 hour. Add 1 pint of boiling milk and 1 dozen\nwater crackers.\n\n#### BAKED FINNAN HADDIE\n\n1⁄2 cup each of milk and water, boiling hot\n\n1 fish\n\nPour over fish. Let stand, warm, 25 minutes. Pour off. Dot with fat and bake\n25 minutes. One tablespoon chopped parsley on top.\n\n#### FISH CROQUETTES\n\n1 cup of cooked fish\n\n11⁄2 cups mashed potato\n\n1 tablespoon parsley\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon celery seed\n\n1 teaspoon lemon juice\n\nShape as croquette and bake in a moderate oven 25 minutes.\n\n#### CLAMS A LA BECHAMEL\n\n1 cup chopped clams\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\n1 bay leaf\n\n3 tablespoons fat\n\n3 tablespoons flour\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon nutmeg\n\n1 tablespoon chopped parsley\n\n1 teaspoon lemon juice\n\nYolks of 2 eggs\n\n1⁄2 cup breadcrumbs\n\n[pg 48]\n\nScald bay-leaf in milk. Make sauce, by melting fat with flour; add dry\ningredients, and gradually add the liquid. Add egg. Add fish. Put in baking\ndish. Cover top with breadcrumbs. Bake 20 minutes.\n\n#### SCALLOPED SHRIMPS\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 cup cooked shrimps\n\n1⁄2 cup cheese\n\n1⁄2 cup celery stalk\n\n1 cup milk\n\nMelt fat, add dry ingredients, and gradually the liquid. Then add fish and\ncheese. Bring to boiling point and serve.\n\n#### ESCALLOPED SALMON\n\n1 large can salmon\n\n1⁄2 doz. soda crackers\n\n2 cups thin white sauce\n\nSalt, pepper\n\n1 hard-boiled egg\n\nAlternate layers of the salmon and the crumbled crackers in a well-greased\nbaking dish, sprinkling each layer with salt, pepper, the finely chopped hard-\nboiled egg, and bits of butter or butter substitute, moistening with the white\nsauce. Finish with a layer of the fish, sprinkling it with the cracker crumbs\ndotted with butter. Bake in a moderate oven for 30 minutes, or until the top\nis well browned.\n\nFish for Frying.—Brook trout, black bass, cod steaks, flounder fillet, perch,\npickerel, pompano, smelts, whitefish steak, pike, weakfish, tilefish.\n\nFish for Boiling.—Cod, fresh herring, weakfish, tilefish, sea bass, pickerel,\nred snapper, salt and fresh mackerel, haddock, halibut, salmon, sheepshead.\n\nFish for Baking.—Black bass, bluefish, haddock, halibut, fresh mackerel, sea\nbass, weakfish, red snapper, fresh salmon, pickerel, shad, muskellunge.\n\nFish for Broiling.—Bluefish, flounder, fresh mackerel, pompano, salmon steak,\nblack bass, smelts, sea bass steaks, whitefish steaks, trout steaks, shad roe,\nshad (whole).\n\n[pg 49]\n\n### CHEESE AS A MEAT SUBSTITUTE\n\n#### CHEESE AND BREAD RELISH\n\n2 cups of stale breadcrumbs\n\n1 cup of American cheese, grated\n\n2 teaspoons of salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon of pepper\n\n2 cups of milk\n\n1 egg\n\n2 tablespoons of fat\n\nMix well. Bake in a greased dish in moderate oven for 25 minutes.\n\n#### WELSH RAREBIT\n\n1 cup of cheese\n\n1 cup of milk\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon of mustard\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon of pepper\n\n2 tablespoons of flour\n\n1 teaspoon of fat\n\n1 teaspoon of salt\n\n1 egg\n\nPut milk and cheese in top of double boiler over hot water. Heat until cheese\nis melted. Mix other ingredients. Add to cheese and milk. Cook five minutes,\nstirring constantly, and serve at once on toast.\n\n#### MACARONI WITH CHEESE\n\nOver 1 cup macaroni, boiled in salted water, pour this sauce:\n\n2 tablespoons flour\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 cupful milk\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n1⁄2 cup grated American cheese\n\nMelt fat, add dry ingredients. Add liquid slowly. Bring to boiling point. Add\ncheese. Stir until melted. Pour over macaroni.\n\n#### CHEESE AND CABBAGE\n\n2 cups cooked cabbage\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\n1 cup grated cheese\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\nMelt fat, add dry ingredients. Add milk gradually. When at boiling point, add\ncheese. Pour over cabbage in greased dish and bake 20 minutes. Buttered crumbs\nmay be put on top before baking if desired.\n\n#### NUT AND CHEESE CROQUETTES\n\n2 cups stale breadcrumbs\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1 yolk of egg\n\n1 cup chopped nuts\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄2 cup grated cheese\n\nShape and roll in dried breadcrumbs. Bake 20 minutes.\n\n[pg 50]\n\n#### CHEESE WITH TOMATO AND CORN\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n3⁄4 cup cooked corn\n\n1⁄2 cup tomato purée\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n2 cups grated cheese\n\n1⁄4 cup pimento\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon paprika\n\nHeat purée. Add fat, corn, salt, paprika and pimento. When hot, add cheese.\nWhen melted, add yolk. Cook till thick. Serve on toast.\n\n#### CHEESE AND CELERY LOAF\n\n1⁄2 loaf thinly sliced bread\n\n1 cup cheese\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce\n\n2 eggs\n\n1⁄2 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 cup cooked celery knob or celery\n\nMix all ingredients except milk and bread. Spread on bread. Pile in baking\ndish. Pour milk over the mixture. Bake in a moderate oven until firm in\ncenter. Serve hot.\n\n#### FARINA AND CHEESE ENTREE\n\n1 cup cooked farina or rice\n\n1 cup cheese\n\n1 cup nuts\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1 egg\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nMix all thoroughly. Bake in greased dish 30 minutes.\n\n#### BOSTON ROAST\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\n1 cup grated cheese\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 cup beans (kidney)\n\nAbout 1 cup breadcrumbs\n\nSoak and cook beans. Mix all ingredients into loaf. Baste with fat and water.\nBake 30 minutes. Serve with tomato sauce.\n\n#### SPINACH LOAF\n\n1 cup spinach\n\n1 cup cheese\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄2 cup breadcrumbs\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\nMix and bake in greased dish 20 minutes.\n\n[pg 51]\n\n#### CHEESE FONDUE\n\n1 cup breadcrumbs\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1 cup cheese\n\n1 egg\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\nSoak bread 10 minutes in milk. Add fat and cheese. When melted, add egg and\nseasoning. Cook in double boiler or bake 20 minutes.\n\n#### RICE-CHEESE RAREBIT\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n11⁄2 cups tomato juice and pulp\n\n1 cup cheese\n\n1 cup cooked rice\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nMelt fat. Add dry ingredients. Add liquid slowly. When at boiling point, add\ncheese and rice. Serve hot.\n\n#### POLENTA\n\n1 cup cooked cornmeal mush\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 cup cheese\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\nWhile mush is hot place ingredients in layers in baking dish. Bake 20 minutes.\n\n#### CHEESE SAUCE\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄2 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n2 cups milk\n\n1⁄2 cup cheese\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\nPrepare same as tomato sauce. Serve with rice or spaghetti.\n\n#### TOMATO CHEESE SAUCE\n\n1 pt. milk\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon soda\n\n2⁄3 cup flour\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 pt. tomatoes\n\n1 cup cheese\n\nFor both the sauces, melt fat, add dry ingredients and, gradually, the liquid.\nWhen at boiling point, add cheese and serve. This is an excellent sauce for\nfish.\n\n[pg 52]\n\n#### CHEESE SAUCE ON TOAST\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1 pint milk\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 cup cheese\n\nMake as white sauce and add cheese. Pour over bread, sliced and toasted. Bake\nin moderate oven.\n\n#### CHEESE MOLD\n\n1⁄2 pint cottage cheese\n\n1⁄4 cup green peppers, chopped\n\n1⁄2 cup condensed milk\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon of cayenne\n\n1 tablespoon of gelatine\n\n2 tablespoons of cold water\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\nSoak the gelatine in the cold water until soft. Dissolve over hot water. Add\nthe other ingredients. Chill. Serve as a salad or as a lunch or supper entrée.\n\n#### CHEESE SOUP\n\n1 quart milk or part stock\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1 cup cheese\n\n1⁄4 tablespoon paprika\n\nCream fat and flour; add gradually the liquid, and season. When creamy and\nready to serve, stir in the cheese, grated.\n\n#### CHEESE BISCUIT\n\n1 cup flour\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 cup water\n\n3 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1 tablespoon butter or fat\n\n8 tablespoons grated cheese\n\nMix like drop baking powder biscuit. Bake 12 minutes in hot oven. This recipe\nmakes twelve biscuits. They are excellent to serve with a vegetable salad as\nthey are high in nutrition.\n\n#### CELERY-CHEESE SCALLOP\n\n11⁄2 cups breadcrumbs\n\n2 cups milk\n\n3 cups chopped celery\n\n1 cup shaved cheese\n\nCook celery till tender. Put layer of crumbs in greased baking dish, then\ncelery; cover with cheese and sprinkle with salt and pepper. Repeat to fill\ndish. Turn in boiling hot milk with 1 cup of celery water. Bake for 30\nminutes.\n\n[pg 53]\n\n### MEAT SUBSTITUTE DISHES\n\n#### CORN AND OYSTER FRITTERS\n\n1 cup flour\n\n2 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon pepper\n\n1⁄4 cup milk\n\n1 egg\n\n6 oysters\n\n2 full tablespoons Kornlet\n\nSift dry ingredients, add milk, egg and Kornlet. Add oysters last. Fry in deep\nfat, using a tablespoonful to an oyster.\n\n#### SALMON LOAF\n\n2 cups cooked salmon\n\n1 cup grated breadcrumbs\n\n2 beaten eggs\n\n1⁄2 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon paprika\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1 tablespoon chopped parsley\n\n1 teaspoonful onion juice\n\nMix thoroughly. Bake in greased dish 30 minutes.\n\n#### BAKED LENTILS\n\nTwo cups lentils that have been soaked over night. Boil until soft, with 2\nsmall onions and 1 teaspoon each of thyme, savory, marjoram, and 4 cloves.\nDrain. Add 1 teaspoon of salt, and put into baking dish. Dot with fat. Bake\nfor 30 minutes.\n\n#### HOMINY CROQUETTES\n\n1 cup of cooked hominy\n\n1⁄2 cup nuts\n\n1 tablespoon corn syrup\n\n1 teaspoon of salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon of pepper\n\n1 egg\n\n1 tablespoon melted fat\n\nMix and roll in dried breadcrumbs and bake in oven 20 minutes.\n\n#### MEATLESS SAUSAGE\n\n1 cup soaked and cooked dried peas, beans, lentils or lima beans\n\n1⁄2 cup dried breadcrumbs\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1 teaspoon sage\n\nMix and shape as sausage. Roll in flour and fry in dripping.\n\n[pg 54]\n\n#### RICE AND NUT LOAF\n\n1 cup boiled rice or potato\n\n1 cup peanuts\n\n2⁄3 cup dried breadcrumbs\n\n3⁄4 cup milk\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\nMix well. Bake in greased pan 30 minutes.\n\n#### SOY BEAN CROQUETTES\n\n2 cups baked or boiled soy beans\n\n11⁄2 tablespoons molasses\n\n2 tablespoons butter or drippings\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 tablespoon vinegar\n\nPepper to taste\n\n1 egg\n\n1 scant cup breadcrumbs\n\nWhen the beans are placed on to boil, put tablespoon fat and half an onion\nwith them. After draining well, put through the foodchopper, keeping the\nliquid for soup stock. Mix all the ingredients, beating the egg white before\nadding. Form into balls or cylinders, dip in the leftover egg yolk, to which a\nfew drops of water have been added, and then coat with stale bread or cracker\ncrumbs. Be sure the croquettes are well covered, then fry brown. Serve with\ncream sauce or with scalloped or stewed tomatoes. With a green salad, this is\na complete meal.\n\n#### LEGUME LOAF\n\n1⁄3 cup dried breadcrumbs\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\n1 egg\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n2 teaspoons chopped nuts\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\n3 tablespoons fat\n\n3⁄4 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 cup pulp from peas, beans or lentils, soaked and cooked until tender\n\nMix well. Bake in greased pan 30 minutes. Serve with tomato sauce, or white\nsauce, with 2 tablespoons nuts, or 2 teaspoons horseradish added.\n\n#### VEGETABLE LOAF\n\nOne cup peas, beans or lentils soaked over night, then cooked until tender.\nPut through colander. To 2 cups of mixture, add:\n\n2 eggs\n\n3⁄4 cup dried breadcrumbs\n\n2 teaspoons poultry seasoning\n\n2 teaspoons celery salt\n\n1⁄2 cup whole wheat flour\n\n11⁄2 cups tomato juice and pulp\n\n2 teaspoons onion juice\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n2 cups chopped peanuts\n\nMix thoroughly. Place in greased baking dish. Bake 30 minutes.\n\n[pg 55]\n\n#### KIDNEY BEAN SCALLOP\n\nTwo cups kidney beans, soaked over night. Cook until tender. Drain.\n\nTo each 2 cups of beans, add:\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 tablespoon chopped onion\n\n1⁄4 cup tomato pulp\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\nMix thoroughly. Place in greased baking dish. Cover with 2 cups crumbs, to\nwhich have been added 2 tablespoons melted fat. Bake 30 minutes in moderate\noven.\n\n#### VENETIAN SPAGHETTI\n\n1 cup cooked spaghetti or macaroni\n\n1 cup carrots\n\n1 cup turnips\n\n1 cup cabbage\n\n2 cups milk\n\n1⁄2 cup onions\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped peanuts\n\nPepper\n\nCook spaghetti until tender (about 30 minutes). Cook vegetables until tender\nin 1 quart water, with 1 teaspoon of salt added. Melt fat, add dry\ningredients, add milk gradually and bring to boiling point each time before\nadding more milk. When all of milk is added, add peanuts. Put in greased\nbaking dish one-half of spaghetti, on top place one-half of vegetables, then\none-half of sauce. Repeat, and place in moderately hot oven 30 minutes.\n\n#### HORSERADISH SAUCE TO SERVE WITH LEFT-OVER SOUP MEAT\n\n3 tablespoons of horseradish\n\n1 tablespoon vinegar\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄2 cup of thick, sour cream, and\n\n1 tablespoon corn syrup, or\n\n4 tablespoons of condensed milk\n\nMix and chill.\n\n#### BROWN SAUCE FOR LEFTOVER MEATS\n\n1⁄3 cup drippings\n\n1⁄4 cup of whole wheat flour\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n11⁄2 cups meat stock or water\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\nMelt the fat and brown the flour in it. Add the salt and pepper and gradually\nthe meat stock or water. If water is used, add 1 teaspoon of kitchen bouquet.\nThis may be used for leftover slices or small pieces of any kind of cooked\nmeat.\n\n[pg 56]\n\n## FOOD WILL WIN THE WAR DON'T WASTE IT\n\n\"To provide adequate supplies for the coming year is of absolutely vital\nimportance to the conduct of the war, and without a very conscientious\nelimination of waste and very strict economy in our food consumption, we\ncannot hope to fulfill this primary duty.\"\n\nWOODROW WILSON.\n\n[pg 57]\n\n## SAVE SUGAR\n\n#### Reasons Why Our Government Asks Us to Save Sugar With Practical Recipes\nfor Sugarless Desserts, Cakes, Candies and Preserves.\n\nOne ounce of sugar less per person, per day, is all our Government asks of us\nto meet the world sugar shortage. One ounce of sugar equals two scant level\ntablespoonfuls and represents a saving that every man, woman and child should\nbe able to make. Giving up soft drinks and the frosting on our cakes, the use\nof sugarless desserts and confections, careful measuring and thorough stirring\nof that which we place in our cups of tea and coffee, and the use of syrup,\nmolasses or honey on our pancakes and fritters will more than effect this\nsaving.\n\nIt seems but a small sacrifice, if sacrifice it can be called, when one\nrecognizes that cutting down sugar [pg 58] consumption will be most beneficial\nto national health. The United States is the largest consumer of sugar in the\nworld. In 1916 Germany's consumption was 20 lbs. per person per year, Italy's\n29 to 30 lbs., that of France 37, of England 40, while the United States\naveraged 85 lbs. This enormous consumption is due to the fact that we are a\nnation of candy-eaters. We spend annually $80,000,000 on confections. These\nare usually eaten between meals, causing digestive disturbances as well as\nunwarranted expense. Sweets are a food and should be eaten at the close of the\nmeal, and if this custom is established during the war, not only will tons of\nsugar be available for our Allies, but the health of the nation improved.\n\nThe average daily consumption of sugar per person in this country is 5 ounces,\nand yet nutritional experts agree that not more than 3 ounces a day should be\ntaken. The giving up of one ounce per day will, therefore, be of great value\nin reducing many prevalent American ailments. Flatulent dyspepsia, rheumatism,\ndiabetes, and stomach acidity are only too frequently traced to an oversupply\nof sugar in our daily diet.\n\nMost persons apparently think of sugar merely as a sweetening agent,\nforgetting entirely the fact that it is a most concentrated food. It belongs\nto what is called the carbohydrate group, upon which we largely depend for\nenergy and heat. It is especially valuable to the person doing active physical\nwork, the open-air worker, or the healthy, active, growing child, but should\nbe used sparingly by other classes of people. Sugar is not only the most\nconcentrated fuel food in the dietary, but it is one that is very readily\nutilized in the body, 98 per cent. of it being available for absorption, while\nwithin thirty minutes of the time it is taken into the system part of it is\navailable for energy.\n\nAs a food it must be supplied, especially to the classes [pg 59] of people\nmentioned above, but as a confection it can well be curtailed. When it is\ndifficult to obtain, housekeepers must avail themselves of changed recipes and\ndifferent combinations to supply the necessary three ounces per day and to\ngain the much-desired sweet taste so necessary to many of our foods of neutral\nflavor with which sugar is usually combined.\n\nOur grandmothers knew how to prepare many dishes without sugar. In their day\nlack of transportation facilities, of refining methods and various economic\nfactors made molasses, sorghum, honey, etc., the only common methods of\nsweetening. But the housekeeper of to-day knows little of sweetening mediums\nexcept sugar, and sugar shortage is to her a crucial problem. There are many\nways, however, of getting around sugar shortage and many methods of supplying\nthe necessary food value and sweetening.\n\nBy the use of marmalades, jams and jellies canned during the season when the\nsugar supply was less limited, necessity for the use of sugar can be vastly\nreduced. By the addition to desserts and cereals of dried fruits, raisins,\ndates, prunes and figs, which contain large amounts of natural sugar, the\nsugar consumption can be greatly lessened. By utilizing leftover syrup from\ncanned or preserved fruits for sweetening other fruits, and by the use of\nhoney, molasses, maple sugar, maple syrup and corn syrup, large quantities of\nsugar may be saved. The substitution of sweetened condensed milk for dairy\nmilk in tea, coffee and cocoa—in fact, in all our cooking processes where milk\nis required—will also immeasurably aid in sugar conservation. The substitutes\nmentioned are all available in large amounts. Honey is especially valuable for\nchildren, as it consists of the more simple sugars which are less irritating\nthan cane sugar, and there is no danger of acid stomach from the amounts\ngenerally consumed.\n\n[pg 60]\n\nAs desserts are the chief factor in the use of quantities of sugar in our\ndiet, the appended recipes will be of value, as they deal with varied forms of\nnutritious, attractive sugarless desserts. It is only by the one-ounce savings\nof each individual member of our great one hundred million population that the\nworld sugar shortage may be met, and it is hoped every housekeeper will study\nher own time-tested recipes with the view of utilizing as far as possible\nother forms of sweetening. In most recipes the liquid should be slightly\nreduced in amount and about one-fifth more of the substitute should be used\nthan the amount of sugar called for.\n\nWith a few tests along this line one will be surprised how readily the\nsubstitution may be made. If all sweetening agents become scarce, desserts can\nwell be abandoned. Served at the end of a full meal, desserts are excess food\nexcept in the diet of children, where they should form a component part of the\nmeal.\n\n[pg 61]\n\n### SUGARLESS DESSERTS\n\n#### CRUMB SPICE PUDDING\n\n1 cup dry bread crumbs\n\n1 pint hot milk\n\nLet stand until milk is absorbed.\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 cup molasses\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon mixed spices, cloves, nutmeg, allspice, mace and ginger\n\n2⁄3 cup raisins, dates and prunes (steamed 5 minutes)\n\nMix and bake 45 minutes.\n\n#### TAPIOCA FRUIT PUDDING\n\n1⁄2 cup pearl tapioca or sago\n\n3 cups water\n\n1⁄4 lb. dried apricots, prunes, dates or raisins\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1⁄2 cup corn syrup\n\nSoak fruit in water 1 hour. Add other ingredients. Cook directly over fire 5\nminutes, then over hot water until clear, about 45 minutes.\n\n#### MARMALADE PUDDING\n\n6 slices stale bread\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n2 egg yolks\n\n1 tablespoon corn syrup\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1 cup marmalade or preserves\n\nMix eggs, corn syrup, salt and milk. Dip bread and brown in frying pan. Spread\nwith marmalade or preserves. Pile in baking dish. Cover with any of the\ncustard mixture which is left. Cover with meringue. Bake 15 minutes.\n\n#### PRUNE ROLL\n\n2 cups whole wheat flour\n\n1⁄2 cup milk\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n2 tablespoons sugar\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄2 lb. washed and scalded prunes, dates, figs or raisins\n\n2 teaspoons baking powder\n\nTo prunes, add 1⁄2 cup water and soak 10 minutes. Simmer in same water until\ntender (about 10 minutes). Drain prunes and mash to a [pg 62] pulp. Mix flour,\nbaking powder and salt. Add beaten egg and milk. Mix to a dough. Roll out\nthin, spread with prune pulp, sprinkle with two tablespoons sugar. Roll the\nmixture and place in greased baking dish. Bake 30 to 40 minutes. Take half cup\nof juice from prunes, add 1 tablespoon corn syrup. Bring to boiling point.\nServe as sauce for prune roll.\n\n#### MARMALADE BLANC MANGE\n\n1 pint milk\n\n1⁄8 cup cornstarch\n\n2 yolks of eggs\n\n1⁄3 cup orange marmalade\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla\n\nFew grains of salt\n\nMix cornstarch with 1⁄4 cup of cold milk. Scald rest of milk, add cornstarch,\nand stir until thick. Cook over hot water 20 minutes. Add rest of ingredients.\nCook, stirring 5 minutes. Chill and serve with two whites of eggs, beaten\nstiff, to which has been added 2 tablespoons orange marmalade. Two ounces\ngrated chocolate and 1⁄3 cup corn syrup may be substituted for marmalade.\n\n#### COFFEE MARSHMALLOW CREAM\n\n2 cups strong boiling coffee\n\n2 tablespoons gelatine (granulated)\n\n2 tablespoons cold water\n\n1⁄4 cup corn syrup\n\n1 cup condensed milk\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla\n\nSoak gelatine in cold water until soft. Add coffee and stir until dissolved.\nAdd other ingredients. Chill. One-quarter cup of marshmallows may be cut up\nand added just before chilling.\n\n#### FRUIT PUDDING\n\n2 cups of left-over canned fruit or cooked dried fruit\n\n2 cups of the juice or water\n\n1⁄4 cup corn syrup\n\n2 tablespoons gelatine\n\n1 tablespoon lemon juice\n\nSoften the gelatine in 2 tablespoons of the juice or water. Add the rest of\nthe fruit after it has been heated. When the gelatine is dissolved, add the\nfruit, lemon juice and corn syrup. Pour in mold.\n\n#### CEREAL AND DATE PUDDING\n\n1 cup cooked cereal\n\n2 cups milk\n\n11⁄2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 cup dates\n\n1⁄4 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1 teaspoon grated lemon rind\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla\n\n1 egg\n\n[pg 63]\n\nCook over hot water until thick, and boil or bake 20 minutes. Serve with hot\nmaple syrup.\n\n#### BAKED APPLES WITHOUT SUGAR\n\nFill cored apples with 1 tablespoon honey, corn syrup, chopped dates, raisins,\nmarmalade, or chopped popcorn mixed with corn syrup in the proportion of two\ntablespoons of syrup to a cup of corn. Put one-quarter inch of water in pan.\nBake until tender and serve apples in pan with syrup as sauce.\n\n#### APPLES AND POPCORN\n\nCore apples. Cut just through the skin around the center of the apple. Fill\nthe center with popcorn and 1 teaspoon of corn syrup. Bake 30 minutes.\n\n#### MAPLE RICE PUDDING\n\n1⁄2 cup rice\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄3 cup maple syrup\n\n1⁄2 cup raisins\n\n1 egg\n\nCook in top of double boiler or in steamer 35 minutes.\n\n#### ECONOMY PUDDING\n\n1 cup cooked cereal\n\n1⁄2 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon mapline\n\n1⁄2 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped nuts\n\n1⁄2 cup raisins or dates\n\n1 egg\n\nCook in double boiler until smooth. Serve cold with cream or place in baking\ndish and bake 20 minutes.\n\n#### OATMEAL AND PEANUT PUDDING\n\n2 cups cooked oatmeal\n\n1 cup sliced apple\n\n1 cup peanuts\n\n1⁄2 cup raisins\n\n1⁄3 cup molasses\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\nMix and bake in greased dish for 30 minutes. Serve hot or cold. This is a very\nnourishing dish.\n\n[pg 64]\n\n#### CHOCOLATE BLANC MANGE\n\n1 pint milk\n\n1⁄3 cup cornstarch\n\n1⁄3 cup corn syrup\n\n1 egg\n\n1 teaspoon vanilla\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n2 oz. grated chocolate\n\nMix cornstarch with 1⁄4 cup cold milk. Scald rest of milk. Add cornstarch.\nCook until thick. Add a little of the hot mixture to the chocolate when\nmelted. Mix all ingredients and cook 5 minutes, stirring constantly. Chill and\nserve with plain or chopped nuts.\n\n#### OATMEAL FRUIT PUDDING\n\n2 cups cooked oatmeal\n\n1⁄8 cup molasses\n\n1 cup raisins\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped nuts\n\n1 egg (beaten)\n\nMix well. Bake in greased baking dish 30 minutes\n\n#### JELLIED PRUNES\n\n1⁄2 lb. prunes\n\n21⁄2 cups cold water\n\n2 tablespoons granulated gelatine\n\n1⁄2 cup corn syrup or 1⁄4 cup sugar\n\n2 teaspoons grated lemon or orange rind\n\nSoak washed and scalded prunes in 2 cups cold water 10 minutes. Simmer until\ntender (about 10 minutes). Soak gelatine in 1⁄2 cup cold water. When soft, add\nto hot prune mixture. When gelatine is dissolved, add other ingredients and\nplace in mold. Chill, and stir once or twice while chilling to prevent prunes\nsettling to bottom of mold.\n\n#### APPLE PORCUPINES\n\nCore 6 apples. Cut line around apple just through skin. Fill center with\nmixture of one-quarter cup each of dates, nuts and figs or marmalade, to which\nhas been added one-quarter cup corn syrup or honey. Bake 30 minutes with one-\nquarter inch water in baking pan. Stick outside of apple with blanched almonds\nto make porcupine quills.\n\n#### SCALLOPED FRUIT PUDDING\n\n2 tablespoons melted fat\n\n2 cups crumbs\n\n1⁄2 cup of fruit juice or water\n\n1⁄4 cup corn syrup\n\n2 cups of left-over canned or cooked dried fruit\n\nPut one-quarter of the crumbs on the bottom of a buttered baking pan. Cover\nwith one-half the fruit, one-half the corn syrup, one-half [pg 65] the liquid,\none-quarter of the crumbs; the other half of the fruit, juice and corn syrup,\nand the rest of the crumbs, on top. Bake 20 minutes in a hot oven.\n\n#### PRUNE FILLING FOR PIE\n\n1⁄2 lb. pitted prunes\n\n1⁄3 cup corn syrup, or 2 tablespoons sugar\n\n1 cup water\n\n2 teaspoons lemon rind\n\n1⁄2 tablespoon fat\n\n1 tablespoon cornstarch\n\nWash and scald prunes. Soak ten minutes in the water. Simmer until tender. Rub\nthrough colander. Add other ingredients, well blended. Bring to boiling point.\nUse as filling for pastry.\n\n#### APPLE AND DATE FILLING\n\n2 cups apples\n\n1 cup dates\n\n1 tablespoon, fat\n\n1 teaspoon lemon rind\n\n1⁄4 cup water\n\nMix all and use as filling for double crust, or cook until apples are tender.\nMix well and use as filling for tarts, etc.\n\n#### LEMON FILLING FOR PIE\n\n11⁄2 cups corn syrup\n\n11⁄2 cups water\n\n1⁄3 cup cornstarch\n\n2 eggs\n\n1 tablespoon lemon rind\n\n1⁄2 cup lemon juice (2 lemons)\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\nMix cornstarch and 1 cup water. Add to corn syrup. Cook over direct flame\nuntil thick. Cook over hot water 20 minutes. Mix other ingredients. Add one-\nhalf cup water and add to other mixture. Cook 5 minutes and use as filling—hot\nor cold.\n\n#### SOUR CREAM FILLING FOR CAKE\n\n1 cup sour cream (heated)\n\n1 cup chopped nuts\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\n1 teaspoon gelatine\n\n2 tablespoons cold water\n\nSoften gelatine in cold water. Add heated cream and when dissolved add other\ningredients. Chill and use for cake filling. This is a good way of using up\nleftover cream which has turned.\n\n[pg 66]\n\n#### MOCK MINCE MEAT FILLING FOR PIE\n\n1 cup cranberries, chopped\n\n1 cup raisins\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n2 tablespoons flour mixed with 1⁄4 cup cold water\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\nMix all. Bring to boiling point and place in double crust pastry or cook until\nthick and use as filling for tarts.\n\n#### PUMPKIN FILLING FOR PIE\n\n2 cups stewed pumpkin\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n1 egg\n\n2 tablespoons flour\n\n1 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n3⁄4 teaspoon nutmeg\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon allspice\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon ginger\n\n1 teaspoon vanilla\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\nMix all ingredients and bake in double crust pastry, or cook and serve in\ncooked single crust with meringue.\n\n#### MERINGUE FOR CHOCOLATE, LEMON OR PUMPKIN PIE\n\n2 egg whites\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\nBeat whites until very stiff. Add corn syrup by folding in. Do not beat.\n\n#### WHEATLESS, EGGLESS, BUTTERLESS, MILKLESS, SUGARLESS CAKE\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n2 cups water\n\n2 cups raisins\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n2 teaspoons cinnamon\n\n1 teaspoon nutmeg\n\n11⁄2 cups fine cornmeal, 2 cups rye flour; or, 31⁄2 cups whole wheat flour\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons baking powder, or, 1⁄2 teaspoon soda\n\nCook corn syrup, water, raisins, fat, salt and spices slowly 15 minutes. When\ncool, add flour, soda or baking powder, thoroughly blended. Bake in slow oven\n1 hour. The longer this cake is kept, the better the texture and flavor. This\nrecipe is sufficient to fill one medium-sized bread pan.\n\n#### SOUR MILK GINGER BREAD\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1⁄4 cup molasses\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 cup sour milk\n\n1 teaspoon soda\n\n2 cups whole wheat flour\n\n1 teaspoon ginger\n\n[pg 67]\n\nMix soda and molasses. Add other ingredients. Bake in muffin pans 20 minutes\nor loaf 40 minutes.\n\n#### MAPLE CAKE\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons mapline\n\n1 egg\n\n1 teaspoon baking powder\n\n11⁄4 cups whole wheat flour\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon soda\n\n1⁄4 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla\n\n1⁄2 cup coarsely cut nuts\n\nCream fat, syrup and mapline. Add beaten egg. Sift dry ingredients and add\nalternately with milk. Add flavoring and nuts last. Beat well. Bake 20 minutes\nin layer pan. This quantity makes one layer.\n\n#### COCOANUT SURPRISE\n\n6 slices of bread cut in half\n\n1⁄2 cup of milk\n\n1 egg yolk\n\n1 tablespoon corn syrup\n\n2 tablespoons cocoanut\n\nTart jelly\n\nMix milk, egg yolk and corn syrup. Dip bread in this mixture and brown in\nfrying pan, with small amount of fat. Spread with currant or other tart jelly,\npreserve or marmalade. Sprinkle with cocoanut and serve as cakes.\n\n#### SOY BEAN WAFERS\n\n1 cup soy beans, finely chopped\n\n1⁄2 cup butter or shortening\n\n1⁄4 cup sugar\n\n1⁄3 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon lemon or vanilla\n\n1⁄2 cup flour\n\n1 egg\n\n2 teaspoons baking powder\n\nSoak beans over night, boil for 1 hour. Drain. Cool and put through food-\nchopper. Cream butter and sugar, add beans, egg. Sift flour with baking powder\nand add to first mixture. Drop by teaspoonfuls on a baking sheet and bake 8\nminutes in a hot oven.\n\n#### APPLE SPICE CAKE\n\n1⁄2 cup fat\n\n1⁄2 cup sugar\n\n1 beaten egg\n\n1⁄3 cup molasses\n\n1⁄2 cup tart apple sauce\n\n1⁄2 cup raisins, dates, prunes or currants (chopped)\n\n11⁄2 cups flour\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon allspice\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cloves\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon nutmeg\n\n[pg 68]\n\nCream fat and sugar. Add egg. Alternate dry ingredients (which have been\nsifted together) with the liquid. Add fruit last. Beat well. Bake as loaf\nabout 15 minutes, or in muffin pans about 25 minutes.\n\n#### CRISP GINGER COOKIES\n\n1 cup of molasses\n\n2 tablespoons of fat\n\n1 teaspoon soda and 1 teaspoon water (hot)\n\n1 cup of flour\n\n1 tablespoon ginger\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon cloves\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\nAbout 3 cups flour\n\nHeat molasses and fat until fat is melted. Sift spices with one cup of flour.\nDissolve soda in one teaspoon of hot water. Combine all and add enough more\nflour to make dough stiff enough to roll out. Bake 12 to 15 minutes in\nmoderate oven.\n\n#### SOFT CINNAMON COOKIES\n\n1 cup molasses\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1⁄2 cup boiling water\n\n1 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon soda\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon ginger\n\n2 tablespoons cinnamon\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon of cloves\n\nMix molasses, fat, and boiling water. Sift dry ingredients. Add the liquid.\nAdd enough more flour (about four cups) to make dough stiff enough to roll\nout. Cut and bake about 15 minutes in moderately hot oven.\n\n#### WARTIME FRUIT CAKE\n\n1 cup honey or corn syrup\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n1 egg\n\n2 cups flour\n\n1 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n1 teaspoon cloves\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1 cup chopped dates, figs, prunes or raisins\n\n3⁄4 teaspoon soda\n\n2⁄3 cup milk\n\nCream fat, honey and egg. Sift dry ingredients. Add alternately with milk.\nBake in loaf 45 minutes in moderate oven.\n\n#### HOT WATER GINGER CAKES\n\n11⁄2 cup molasses\n\n3⁄4 cup boiling water\n\n21⁄2 cups flour\n\n11⁄8 teaspoons soda\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons ginger\n\n3⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n[pg 69]\n\nSift dry ingredients. Mix fat, molasses and boiling water. Add dry\ningredients. Beat briskly for a few minutes, and pour into greased muffin\npans. Bake twenty to thirty minutes in moderate oven.\n\n#### SPICED OATMEAL FRUIT CAKES\n\n13⁄4 cups whole wheat flour\n\n3⁄4 cup cooked oatmeal\n\n2⁄3 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 cup raisins, dates, prunes or figs\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon soda\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon baking powder\n\n1 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n3 tablespoons fat\n\nHeat the corn syrup and fat. Sift dry ingredients and add to first mixture.\nAdd fruit last. Bake in muffin pans for 30 minutes.\n\n#### FRUIT WONDER CAKES\n\n1 doz. salted wafers\n\n1⁄3 cup chopped dates\n\n1⁄3 cup chopped nuts\n\n1 egg white\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla\n\nBeat egg white until very stiff. Add other ingredients and place on the\nwafers. Place under broiler until a delicate brown.\n\n### SUGARLESS CANDIES\n\n#### FRUIT PASTE\n\n2 teaspoons gelatine\n\n2 tablespoons cold water\n\n1⁄3 cup corn syrup\n\n2 teaspoons cornstarch\n\n1⁄4 cup chopped nuts\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped dates\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped raisins\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon vanilla\n\nMix cornstarch with 1 tablespoon cold water. Heat corn syrup to the boil, add\ncornstarch and cook for three minutes. Soften the gelatine in two tablespoons\ncold water for five minutes; stir into the hot syrup after taking from fire.\nWhen gelatine has dissolved add the fruit and nuts and flavoring. Chill, cut\nin squares, and roll each in powdered sugar.\n\n#### WARTIME TAFFY\n\n2 cups corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon soda\n\n1 teaspoon water\n\n2 tablespoons vinegar\n\nBoil the syrup for fifteen minutes, then add the soda. Cook until a little\nsnaps brittle when dropped in cold water. Add the vinegar [pg 70] when this\nstage is reached and pour into oiled pans. When cool enough to handle, pull\nuntil white; make into inch-thick rolls and clip off into neat mouthfuls with\noiled scissors, or chill and break into irregular pieces when cold.\n\n#### PEANUT BRITTLE\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n1 cup peanuts\n\nBoil syrup and fat until brittle when tested in cold water. Grease a pan,\nsprinkle the roasted and shelled peanuts in it, making an even distribution,\nthen turn in the syrup. When almost cold mark into squares. Cocoanut, puffed\nwheat or puffed rice may be used for candy instead of peanuts.\n\n#### RAISIN AND PEANUT LOAF\n\nPut equal quantity of seeded raisins and roasted peanuts through the food\nchopper, using the coarsest blade. Moisten with molasses just enough so that\nthe mixture can be molded into a loaf. Chill, cut and serve as candy. Chopped\nEnglish walnuts combined with chopped dates or figs make a very delicious loaf\nsweetmeat.\n\n#### POPCORN BALLS AND FRITTERS\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n2 tablespoons vinegar\n\nPopcorn\n\nCook syrup for fifteen minutes, add vinegar, then when a little snaps when\ndropped in cold water turn over popped corn, mix well, and form into balls\nwith oiled hands, or if fritters are desired, roll out the mass while warm and\ncut out with a greased cutter.\n\n#### COCOANUT LOAF\n\n1 cup shredded cocoanut\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped dates\n\n1⁄4 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon mapline\n\nMix corn syrup and mapline. Add enough to the dates and cocoanut to form a\nstiff cake. Mold into neat square at least an inch thick. Let stand in the\nrefrigerator for one hour, then cut in squares and roll each in cornstarch.\n\n#### STUFFED DATES\n\nMix one-half cup each of chopped peanuts and raisins. Add a teaspoon of lemon\njuice and two tablespoons of cream cheese. Remove stones from fine large\ndates, and in their place insert a small roll of the cheese mixture. These are\nnice in place of candy or can be served with salad.\n\n[pg 71]\n\n#### FRUIT LOAF\n\n1⁄2 cup raisins\n\n1⁄2 cup nuts\n\n2 tablespoons honey, maple syrup or corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 cup figs or dates\n\nPut fruit and nuts through the food chopper, using the coarsest blade. Add\nenough syrup or honey to make a stiff loaf. Place in the refrigerator for one\nhour; slice and serve in place of candy, rolling each slice in cornstarch.\n\n#### STUFFED FIGS\n\nCut a slit in the side of dried figs, take out some of the pulp with the tip\nof a teaspoon. Mix with one-quarter cup of the pulp and one-quarter cup of\nfinely chopped crystalized ginger, a teaspoon of grated orange or lemon rind;\nand a tablespoon of lemon juice. Fill the figs with mixture, stuffing them so\nthat they look plump.\n\n### SUGARLESS PRESERVES\n\n#### QUINCE OR PEAR PRESERVES\n\n1 lb. fruit\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄4 lb. ginger root or 2 oz. crystalized ginger\n\nSteam or cook sliced and pared fruit in small amount of water until tender.\nAdd ginger and corn syrup. Cook 20 minutes slowly. Lemon skins may be used\ninstead of ginger root.\n\n#### APPLE, QUINCE, PEACH, PEAR OR PLUM JAM\n\n1 cup left-over cooked fruit or pulp from skins and core\n\n3⁄4 cup corn syrup\n\n2 tablespoons vinegar\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon mixed ground spices, allspice, cloves and nutmeg\n\nCook slowly until thick.\n\n#### PUMPKIN OR CARROT MARMALADE\n\nReduce 1 pint grape juice one-half by boiling slowly. Add 1 cup vegetables\n(pumpkin or carrot). Add 2 teaspoons spices and 1 cup corn syrup. Boil until\nof consistency of honey and place in sterilized jars or glasses.\n\n[pg 72]\n\n#### GRAPE JUICE\n\n5 lb. grapes\n\n1 pint water\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\nCook grapes in water until soft. Mash; drain through jelly bag or wet\ncheesecloth. Add corn syrup. Boil 5 minutes. Put into sterilized bottles. If\ncork stoppers are used cover them with melted sealing wax.\n\n#### SYRUP FOR SPICED APPLES, PEARS, PEACHES, GRAPES\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n2 oz. stick cinnamon\n\n12 allspice berries\n\n6 whole cloves\n\n1⁄4 cup vinegar\n\nBoil 5 minutes. Add any fruit and cook slowly 20 minutes or until fruit is\nclear and syrup thick. If hard fruits, such as pears, quinces, etc., are used,\nsteam for 20 minutes before adding to syrup.\n\n#### SYRUP FOR CANNED FRUIT\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n1 cup water\n\nBring to boiling point. Use same as sugar and water syrup.\n\n#### SYRUP FOR PRESERVED FRUIT\n\n2 cups crystal corn syrup For each three pounds of fruit\n\n1⁄2 cup water\n\nUse same as water and sugar syrup.\n\n#### CRANBERRY JELLY\n\n1 pint cranberries\n\n1⁄2 cup water\n\nAbout 1 cup corn syrup\n\nCook cranberries in water very slowly until tender. Leave whole or press\nthrough colander. Measure amount of mixture and add equal amount of corn\nsyrup. Cook slowly until mixture forms jelly when tested on cold plate. Turn\ninto mold which has been rinsed in cold water.\n\n#### APRICOT AND RAISIN MARMALADE\n\n1 cup of apricots\n\n11⁄2 cups cold water\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped seeded raisins\n\n1 teaspoon orange rind\n\nSoak apricots and raisins in the water two hours. Cook slowly until very soft.\nAdd other ingredients and cook slowly (about 30 minutes) until slightly thick.\nPlace in sterile jars or glasses and seal.\n\n[pg 73]\n\n## SAVE FAT\n\n#### Reasons Why Our Government Asks Us to Save Fat, With Practical Recipes\nfor Fat Conservation\n\nWith the world-wide decrease of animal production, animal fats are now growing\nso scarce that the world is being scoured for new sources of supply. Our\nGovernment has asked the housewife to conserve all the fats that come to her\nhome and utilize them to the best advantage. To this end it is necessary to\nhave some knowledge of the character of different fats and the purposes to\nwhich they are best adapted.\n\nThe word fat usually brings to one's mind an unappetizing chunk of meat fat\nwhich most persons cannot and will not eat, and fatty foods have been\npopularly supposed to be \"bad for us\" and \"hard to digest.\" Fats are, however,\nan important food absolutely essential to complete nutrition, which repay us\nbetter for the labor [pg 74] of digestion than any other food. If they are\nindigestible, it is usually due to improper cooking or improper use; if they\nare expensive, it is merely because they are extravagantly handled. The chief\nfunction of fatty food is to repair and renew the fatty tissues, to yield\nenergy and to maintain the body heat. The presence of fat in food promotes the\nflow of the pancreatic juice and bile, which help in the assimilation of other\nfoods and assist the excretory functions of the intestine. These are badly\nperformed if bile and other digestive fluids are not secreted in sufficient\nquantity. The absence of fat in the diet leads to a state of malnutrition,\npredisposing to tuberculosis, especially in children and young persons.\n\nIt is claimed that the most serious food shortage in Germany is fat; that the\ncivilian population is dying in large numbers because of the lack of it, and\nthat Von Hindenburg's men will lose out on the basis of fat, rather than on\nthe basis of munitions or military organization. Worst of all is the effect of\nfat shortage on the children of the nation. Leaders of thought all over Europe\nassert that even if Germany wins, Germany has lost, because it has sapped the\nstrength of its coming generation.\n\nThe term fat is used to designate all products of fatty composition and\nincludes liquid fats such as oils, soft fats such as butter, and hard fats\nsuch as tallow. While all fats have practically the same energy-value, they\ndiffer widely from each other in their melting point, and the difference in\ndigestibility seems to correspond to the difference in melting point. Butter\nburns at 240 degrees Fahrenheit, while vegetable oils can be heated as high as\n600 degrees Fahrenheit, furnishing a very high temperature for cooking\npurposes before they begin to burn. The scorching of fat not only wastes the\nproduct, but renders it indigestible, even dangerous to some people, and for\nthis reason butter should never be used for frying, as [pg 75] frying\ntemperature is usually higher than 240 degrees. It is well to choose for\ncooking only those fats which have the highest heat-resisting qualities\nbecause they do not burn so easily.\n\nBeginning with the lowest burning point, fats include genuine butter,\nsubstitute butters, lard and its substitutes, and end with tallow and\nvegetable oils. Of the latter, there is a varied selection from the expensive\nolive oil to the cheaper cottonseed, peanut, cocoanut and corn oils and their\ncompounds and the hydrogenated oils.\n\nThe economy of fat, therefore, depends on the choice of the fat used for the\nvarious cooking processes as well as the conservation of all fatty residue,\nsuch as crackling, leftover frying fats and soup fat. For cooking processes,\nsuch as sauteing (pan frying), or deep fat frying, it is best to use the\nvegetable and nut oils. These are more plentiful, and hence cheaper than the\nanimal fats; the latter, however, can be produced in the home from the fats of\nmeats and leftover pan fats, which should not be overlooked as frying mediums.\nButter and butter substitutes are best kept for table use and for flavoring.\nThe hydrogenated oils, home-rendered fats, lard and beef and mutton suet can\nbe used for shortening fats.\n\nIn the purchase of meats, the careful housewife should see that the butcher\ngives her all the fat she pays for, as all fats can be rendered very easily at\nhome and can be used for cooking purposes. Butchers usually leave as large a\nproportion of fat as possible on all cuts of meat which, when paid for at meat\nprices, are quite an expensive item. All good clear fat should, therefore, be\ncarefully trimmed from meats before cooking. Few people either like or find\ndigestible greasy, fat meats, and the fat paid for at meat prices, which could\nhave been rendered and used for cooking, is wasted when sent to table.\n\n[pg 76]\n\nThere are various methods of conserving fat. First, the economical use of\ntable fats; second, the saving of cooking; and third, the proper use of all\ntypes of fat.\n\nEconomy in the use of table fats may best be secured by careful serving. One\nserving of butter is a little thing—there are about sixty-four of them in a\npound. In many households the butter left on the plates probably would equal a\nserving or one-fourth of an ounce, daily, which is usually scraped into the\ngarbage pail or washed off in the dishpan. But if everyone of our 20,000,000\nhouseholds should waste one-fourth of an ounce of butter daily, it would mean\n312,500 pounds a day, or 114,062,500 pounds a year. To make this butter would\ntake 265,261,560 gallons of milk, or the product of over a half-million cows,\nan item in national economy which should not be overlooked.\n\nWhen butter is used to flavor cooked vegetables, it is more economical to add\nit just before they are served rather than while they are cooking. The flavor\nthus imparted is more pronounced, and, moreover, if the butter is added before\ncooking, much of it will be lost in the water unless the latter is served with\nthe vegetables. Butter substitutes, such as oleomargarine and nut margarine,\nshould be more largely used for the table, especially for adults. Conserve\nbutter for children, as animal fats contain vitamines necessary for growing\ntissues. Butter substitutes are as digestible and as nourishing as butter, and\nhave a higher melting point. They keep better and cost less.\n\nOleomargarine, which has been in existence for fifty years, was first offered\nto the world in 1870 by a famous French chemist, Mege-Mouries, who was in\nsearch of a butter substitute cheap enough to supply the masses with the much-\nneeded food element. He had noticed that the children of the poor families\nwere afflicted with rickets [pg 77] and other diseases which could be remedied\nby the administration of the right amount of fat. He combined fresh suet and\nmilk and called the product \"oleomargarine.\" In the United States this product\nis now made of oleo oil or soft beef fat, neutral lard, cottonseed and other\noils, churned with a small quantity of milk, and in the finer grades, cream is\nsometimes used. A certain proportion of butter is usually added, and the whole\nworked up with salt as in ordinary butter-making.\n\nOwing to the fears of the butter-makers that oleomargarine would supplant\ntheir product in popular favor, legislation was enacted that restricted the\nmanufacture of oleo and established a rigid system of governmental inspection,\nso that the product is now manufactured under the most sanitary conditions\nwhich furnishes a cleaner and more reliable product than natural butter.\n\nNut margarine is a compound of cocoa oil, which so closely resembles butter\nthat only an expert can distinguish it from the natural product. Both these\nbutter substitutes are used in large amounts by the best bakers, confectioners\nand biscuit manufacturers, and foolish prejudice against butter substitutes\nshould not deter their use in the home.\n\nA large saving in cooking fats can be made by the careful utilization of all\nfats that come into the home. Beef and mutton suet can be rendered and made\navailable. Fats which have been saved after meals are cooked should be\nclarified—that is, freed from all objectionable odors, tastes or color—so as\nto be made available as shortening and frying fats.\n\nThe following recipes and suggestions make possible the use of all fats, and\nas fat shortage is one of the most serious of the world's food problems, it is\nessential that every housekeeper have a larger knowledge of the utilization\nand economy of this essential food.\n\n[pg 78]\n\n### TO RENDER FATS\n\n#### TO RENDER FAT BY DIRECT METHOD\n\nRun the fat through the household meat grinder or chop fine in the chopping\nbowl. Then heat in the double boiler until completely melted, finally\nstraining through a rather thick cloth or two thicknesses of cheese cloth,\nwrung out in hot water. By this method there is no danger of scorching. Fats\nheated at a low temperature also keep better than those melted at higher\ntemperature. After the fat is rendered, it should be slowly reheated to\nsterilize it and make sure it is free from moisture. The bits of tissue\nstrained out, commonly known as cracklings, may be used for shortening\npurposes or may be added to cornmeal which is to be used as fried cornmeal\nmush.\n\n#### TO RENDER FAT WITH MILK\n\nTo two pounds of fat (finely chopped if unrendered) add one-half pint of milk,\npreferably sour. Heat the mixture in a double boiler until thoroughly melted.\nStir well and strain through a thick cloth or two thicknesses of cheese cloth\nwrung out in hot water. When cold the fat forms a hard, clean layer and any\nmaterial adhering to the under side of the fat, may be scraped off. Sour milk\nbeing coagulated [pg 79] is preferable to sweet milk since the curd remains on\nthe cloth through which the rendered mixture is strained and is thus more\neasily separated from the rendered fat which has acquired some of the milk\nflavor and butter fat.\n\n#### TO RENDER FAT BY COLD WATER METHOD\n\nCut fat in small pieces. Cover with cold water. Heat slowly. Let cook until\nbubbling ceases. Press fat during heating so as to obtain all the oil\npossible. When boiling ceases strain through cheesecloth and let harden. If\ndesired one-half teaspoon salt, one-eighth teaspoon pepper, 1 teaspoon onion\nand 1 teaspoon poultry seasoning may be added before straining.\n\n#### TO RENDER STRONG FLAVORED FATS\n\nTo mutton, duck or goose fat add equal amount of beef suet or vegetable fat\nand render same as suet. This may then be used for shortening, or pan broiling\nfor meat or fish dishes, and not have the characteristic taste of the stronger\nfats.\n\nWhen rendering strong mutton, duck or goose fats if a small whole onion is\nadded the strong flavor of the fat is reduced. Remove the onion before\nstraining. It may be used in cooking.\n\n#### TO CLARIFY FAT\n\nMelt the fat in an equal volume of water and heat for a short time at a\nmoderate temperature. Stir occasionally. Cool and remove the layer of fat\nwhich forms on the top, scraping off any bits of meat or other material which\nmay adhere to the other side.\n\nFats which have formed on top of soups, of cooked meats (such as pot roast,\nstews), salt meats (such as corned beef, ham, etc.), or strong fats, such as\nfrom boiled mutton, poultry and game, may be clarified in this way and used\nalone or combined with other animal or vegetable fats in any savory dish.\n\n#### CARE OF FAT AFTER BEING USED FOR COOKING\n\nIf fat is used for deep fat frying as croquettes, doughnuts, fritters, etc.,\nwhile fat is still hot, add a few slices raw potato and allow it to stay in\nthe fat until it is cool. Remove potato—strain fat, allow to harden and it is\nready to use. The potato absorbs odors from fat.\n\n#### HOW TO MAKE SAVORY FATS\n\nFAT 1: To 1 pound of unrendered fat (chopped fine) add 1 slice of onion about\none-half inch thick and two inches in diameter, 1 bay leaf, 1 teaspoonful\nsalt, and about one-eighth teaspoonful of pepper. Render in a double boiler\nand strain.\n\n[pg 80]\n\nFAT 2: To 1 pound unrendered fat (chopped fine) add 2 teaspoonfuls of thyme, 1\nslice onion, about one-half inch thick and two inches in diameter, one\nteaspoonful salt and about one-eighth teaspoonful pepper. Render in a double\nboiler and strain.\n\nFAT 3: To 1 pound unrendered fat (chopped fine) add 1 teaspoonful thyme, 1\nteaspoonful marjoram, one-half teaspoonful rubbed sage, 1 teaspoonful salt,\nand about one-eighth teaspoonful pepper. Render in a double boiler and strain\nthrough fine cloth.\n\n#### EXTENSION OF TABLE FATS\n\nA. Butter or other fat may be extended to double its original bulk and reduce\nthe cost of the fat 40 per cent. A patented churn, any homemade churn,\nmayonnaise mixer, or bowl and rotary beater may be used for the purpose. To\nany quantity of butter heated until slightly soft add equal quantity of milk,\nplace in the churn, add one teaspoon salt for each one pound of butter used.\nBlend thoroughly in churn, mayonnaise mixer, or in bowl with rotary beater\nuntil of even consistency. Place in refrigerator to harden. Vegetable\ncoloring, such as comes with margarine or may be purchased separately, may be\nadded if a deeper yellow color is desired.\n\n#### B.\n\n1 lb. butter\n\n1 quart milk (2 pint bottles preferred)\n\n1 tablespoon granulated gelatine\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\nSoak gelatine in one-half cup of the milk. When softened, dissolve over hot\nwater. Let butter stand in warm place, until soft. Add gelatine mixture, milk\nand salt and beat with Dover beater until thoroughly mixed (about 15 minutes).\nVegetable coloring such as comes with margarine may be added if desired. Do\nnot put on ice.\n\n#### C.\n\n1 lb. butter\n\n1 quart milk (2 pint bottles preferred)\n\n1 tablespoon granulated gelatine\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n1 cup peanut butter\n\nSoak gelatine in one-half cup of the milk. When softened, dissolve over hot\nwater. Let butter stand in warm place, until soft. Add gelatine mixture,\npeanut butter, milk and salt and beat with rotary egg beater until thoroughly\nblended (about 15 minutes). Vegetable coloring such as comes with margarine\nmay be added if desired. Put in cool place to harden but do not put on ice as\nthe gelatine would cause the mixture to flake. It is preferable to make up\nthis mixture enough for one day at a time only.\n\nD. To 1 pound of butter or butter substitute add one cup peanut butter. Blend\nthoroughly with wooden spoon or butter paddle; this may be used in place of\nbutter as a new and delightful variation.\n\n[pg 81]\n\nE. To 1 pound softened butter add 1 pound softened butter substitute\n(oleomargarine, nut margarine, vegetable margarine) or hydrogenated fat. Blend\nthoroughly with butter paddle or wooden spoon and use as butter.\n\n### SUGGESTIONS FOR PASTRY\n\nWhole wheat makes a more tasty crust than bread flour and all rye pastry has\neven better flavor than wheat flour pastry. Half wheat or rye and the other\nhalf cornmeal (white or yellow) makes an excellent pastry for meat or fish\npie. If cornmeal is added, use this recipe:\n\n#### CORNMEAL PASTRY FOR MEAT OR FISH\n\n1⁄2 cup cornmeal\n\n1⁄2 cup rye or wheat flour\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1⁄3 cup cold or ice water\n\n1 teaspoon baking powder\n\nSift dry ingredients. Cut in fat. Add water and roll out on well floured\nboard.\n\n### PASTRY MADE WITH DRIPPING\n\nWell made, digestible pastry should have a minimum of fat to make a crisp\nflaky crust. It should be crisp, not brittle; firm, not crumbly. Pastry may be\nmade in large amounts, kept in refrigerator for several days and used as\nneeded. Roll out only enough for one crust at a time as the less pastry is\nhandled, the better.\n\n#### PLAIN PASTRY\n\n1 cup flour\n\n1⁄3 cup fat\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\nAbout 1⁄4 cup cold or ice water\n\nMix flour and salt. Cut in fat and add just enough cold or ice water to make\nthe mixture into a stiff dough. Roll out. This recipe makes one crust.\n\n#### MEAT OR FISH PIE CRUST\n\n2 cups flour\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\n1⁄3 cup any kind of dripping\n\n1 cup meat stock or milk\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\nSift dry ingredients. Cut in fat if solid, or add if liquid. Stir in meat\nstock or milk to make a soft dough. Place on top of meat or fish with gravy in\ngreased baking dish and bake 30 to 40 minutes in moderately hot oven.\n\n[pg 82]\n\n### VARIOUS USES FOR LEFTOVER FATS\n\n#### CREOLE RICE\n\n2 tablespoons savory drippings\n\n3 tablespoons flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon cayenne\n\n11⁄2 cups tomato juice and pulp\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\n2 tablespoons chopped green pepper\n\n1 tablespoon chopped olives\n\n1 cup of rice\n\n1 cup water\n\nWash rice and soak in water 30 minutes. Melt fat, add dry ingredients and\ngradually the tomatoes. Stir in rice and other ingredients, also the water in\nwhich rice was soaked. Cook slowly one-half hour or until rice is tender.\n\n#### POTATOES ESPAGNOLE\n\n2 cups pared and sliced potatoes\n\n2 tablespoons bacon drippings\n\n2 tablespoons minced onion\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 tablespoon cayenne\n\n11⁄2 cups boiling water\n\n1 tablespoon chopped green pepper or pimento\n\nMelt drippings. Add onion and cook until slightly brown. Add other seasonings\nand water. Pour over potatoes. Let cook slowly in oven until potatoes are\ntender, about 30 minutes.\n\n#### DUMPLINGS\n\n2 cups flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\n2 tablespoons drippings\n\n1 cup water, meat stock or milk\n\nSift dry ingredients. Cut in fat. Gradually add liquid to make a soft dough.\nRoll out, place on greased pan and steam 20 minutes, or drop into stew and\ncook covered 30 minutes. Serve at once.\n\n#### POTATO SALAD\n\n2 cups freshly cooked and diced potatoes\n\n1⁄3 cup bacon drippings\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n2 tablespoons chopped peppers\n\n2 tablespoons vinegar\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nMix drippings, salt, pepper, vinegar and cayenne. Add to the potatoes and mix\nthoroughly. Chill and serve. Cold cooked potatoes may be used, but the flavor\nis better if mixed while potatoes are hot.\n\n#### SOAP\n\n1 can lye\n\n6 lbs. fat (Fat for soap should be fat which is no longer useful for culinary\npurposes.)\n\n1 quart cold water\n\nTo lye add water—using enamel or agate utensil. When cool add the fat which\nhas been heated until liquid. Stir until of consistency of honey (about 20\nminutes). Two tablespoons ammonia or two tablespoons borax may be added for a\nwhiter soap. If stirred thoroughly this soap will float.\n\n[pg 83]\n\nThe illustration shows various forms of food waste—the discarded outside\nleaves of lettuce and cabbage, apple cores and parings, stale bread and\ndrippings.\n\n## SAVE FOOD\n\n#### Reasons Why Our Government Asks Us Not to Waste Food, with Practical\nRecipes on the Use of Leftovers\n\nElimination of food waste is to-day a patriotic service. It is also a most\neffective method of solving our food problem. This country, like all the\npowers at war, will undoubtedly be called upon to face increasing prices so\nlong as the war continues, and waste in any form is not only needless\nsquandering of the family income, but failure in devotion to a great cause.\n\nFood waste is due to poor selection of raw materials, to careless storage and\nheedless preparation, to bad cooking, to injudicious serving, and to the\noverflowing garbage pail.\n\nTo select food in such a way as will eliminate waste and at the same time\ninsure the best possible return for money spent, the housekeeper must purchase\nfor nutriment rather than to please her own or the family palate.\n\nWhen eggs are sixty and seventy cents a dozen their price is out of all\nproportion to their food value. Tomatoes [pg 84] at five or ten cents apiece\nin winter do not supply sufficient nutriment to warrant their cost, nor does\ncapon at forty-five cents a pound nourish the body any better than the\nfricassee fowl at twenty-eight cents. In order to prevent such costly\npurchasing, a knowledge of food values is necessary. The simplest and easiest\nway to plan food values is to divide the common food materials into five main\ngroups and see that each of these groups appear in each day's menu.\n\n#### GROUP 1.—Foods depended on for mineral matters, vegetable acids, and\nbody-regulating substances.\n\n#### FRUITS\n\nApples, pears, etc.,\n\nBerries,\n\nMelons,\n\nOranges, lemons, all citrus fruits.\n\n#### VEGETABLES\n\nSalads, lettuce, celery,\n\nPotherbs or \"greens\"\n\nTomatoes, squash,\n\nGreen peas, green beans,\n\nPotatoes and root vegetables.\n\n#### GROUP 2.—Foods depended on for protein.\n\nMilk, skim milk, cheese,\n\nEggs,\n\nMeat,\n\nPoultry,\n\nFish,\n\nDried peas, beans, cow-peas,\n\nNuts.\n\n#### GROUP 3.—Foods depended on for starch.\n\nCereals, grains, meals, flour,\n\nCereal breakfast foods,\n\nBread,\n\nCrackers,\n\nMacaroni and other pastes,\n\nCakes, cookies, starchy puddings,\n\nPotatoes, other starchy vegetables,\n\nBananas.\n\n[pg 85]\n\n#### GROUP 4.—Foods depended on for sugar.\n\nSugar,\n\nMolasses,\n\nSyrups,\n\nDates,\n\nRaisins,\n\nFigs.\n\n#### GROUP 5.—Foods depended on for fat.\n\nButter and cream,\n\nLard, suet,\n\nSalt pork and bacon,\n\nTable and salad oils,\n\nVegetable, nut, and commercial cooking fats and oils.\n\nIf from each of these groups the housekeeper, when buying, chooses the lowest-\ncost food, she will provide the necessary nutriment for the least expenditure\nof money. In war time such marketing is essential.\n\nOther causes of waste in food purchasing may be enumerated as follows:\nOrdering by telephone. This permits the butcher or grocer, who has no time to\nmake selection of foods, to send what comes ready to hand; whereas if the\nhousekeeper did her own selecting, she could take advantage of special prices\nor \"leaders\"—food sold at cost or nearly cost to attract patronage.\n\nBuying out-of-season foods also makes marketing costly. Through lack of\nknowledge concerning the periods at which certain fruits and vegetables are\nseasonable, and therefore cheaper and in best flavor, housekeepers frequently\npay exorbitant prices for poor flavored, inferior products.\n\nBuying in localities where high rental and neighborhood standards compel the\nshopkeeper to charge high prices, the consumer pays not only for the rent and\nthe plate glass windows, but for display of out-of-season delicacies, game and\nluxury-foods. Markets should be selected where food in season is sold; where\ncleanliness and careful attention prevail rather than showy display.\n\n[pg 86]\n\nMany a dollar is foolishly spent for delicatessen foods. The retail cost of\nready prepared foods includes a fraction of the salary of the cook and the\nfuel, as well as the regular percentage of profit. The food, also, is not so\nnourishing or flavorsome as if freshly cooked in the home kitchen.\n\nBuying perishable foods in larger quantities than can be used immediately. Too\nfrequently meats, fish, eggs, vegetables, milk and cream are purchased in\nquantities larger than needed for immediate consumption, and lack of knowledge\nof use of left-overs causes what is not eaten to be discarded.\n\nBuying non-perishable foods in small quantities instead of in bulk. Food costs\non an average 50 to 75 per cent. more when purchased in small quantities.\nSelect a grocer who keeps his goods in sanitary condition and who will sell in\nbulk; then do your purchasing from him on a large scale and extend the\nsanitary care to your own storeroom.\n\nBuying foods high in price but low in food value. Asparagus, canned or fresh,\nis not as nourishing, for instance, as canned corn or beans. Strawberries out\nof season do not compare with dates, figs or raisins which are to be had at\nall times.\n\nBuying without planning menus. By this carelessness foods are often purchased\nwhich do not combine well, and therefore do not appeal to the appetite, and so\nare wasted. Unplanned meals also lead to an unconscious extravagance in buying\nand an unnecessary accumulation of left-overs.\n\nBuying foreign brands when domestic brands are cheaper and often better.\n\nLeaving the trimmings from meats and poultry at the [pg 87] butcher's. Bring\nthese home and fry out the fatty portions for dripping; use all other parts\nfor the stock pot.\n\nHaving purchased for nutriment and in sufficiently large quantities to secure\nbulk rates, careful storage is the next step in the prevention of waste.\nFlour, cereals and meals become wormy if they are not kept in clean, covered\nutensils and in a cool place. Milk becomes sour, especially in summer. This\ncan be prevented by scalding it as soon as received, cooling quickly, and\nstoring in a cold place in covered, well-scalded receptacles. Sour milk should\nnot be thrown out. It is good in biscuits, gingerbread, salad dressings,\ncottage cheese, pancakes or waffles, and bread making.\n\nMeats should not be left in their wrappings. Much juice soaks into the paper,\nwhich causes a loss of flavor and nutriment. Store all meat in a cool place\nand do not let flies come in contact with it.\n\nBread often molds, especially in warm, moist weather. Trim off moldy spots and\nheat through. Keep the bread box sweet by scalding and sunning once a week.\n\nCheese molds. Keep in a cool, dry place. If it becomes too dry for table use,\ngrate for sauces or use in scalloped dishes.\n\nWinter vegetables wilt and dry out. Store in a cool place. If cellar space\npermits, place in box of sand, sawdust or garden earth.\n\nPotatoes and onions sprout. Cut off the sprouts as soon as they appear and use\nfor soup. Soak, before using, vegetables which have sprouted.\n\nFruits must be stored carefully so as to keep the skins unbroken. Broken spots\nin the skin cause rapid decay. Do not permit good fruit to remain in contact\nwith specked or rotted fruit. Stored fruit should be looked over frequently\nand all specked or rotted fruit removed. [pg 88] Sweet potatoes are an\nexception. Picking over, aggravates the trouble. See that these vegetables are\ncarefully handled at all times; if rot develops, remove only those that can be\nreached without danger of bruising the sound roots. Sweet potatoes may also be\nstored like fruit by spreading over a large surface and separating the tubers\nso that they do not touch each other.\n\nBerries should be picked over as soon as received and spread on a platter or a\nlarge surface to prevent crushing and to allow room for circulation of air.\n\nLettuce and greens wilt. Wash carefully as soon as received and use the coarse\nleaves for soup. Shake the water from the crisp portions and store in a paper\nbag in a cold refrigerator.\n\nLemons when cut often grow moldy before they are used. When lemons are\nspoiling, squeeze out the juice, make a syrup of one cup of sugar and one cup\nof water, boil ten minutes and add lemon juice in any amount up to one cup.\nBring to boiling point and bottle for future use. This bottled juice may be\nused for puddings, beverages, etc. If only a small amount of juice is needed,\nprick one end of a lemon with a fork. Squeeze out the amount needed and store\nthe lemon in the ice-box.\n\nWhen we come to waste caused by careless preparation we may be reminded of the\nmiracle of the loaves and fishes—how all the guests were fed and then twelve\nbaskets were gathered up. Often after preparation that which is gathered up to\nbe thrown away is as large in quantity and as high in food value as the\nportions used.\n\nVegetables are wasted in preparation by too thick paring, the discarding of\ncoarse leaves such as are found on lettuce, cabbage and cauliflower,\ndiscarding wilted parts which can be saved by soaking, throwing away tips and\nroots of celery and the roots and ends of spinach and dandelions. All these\nwaste products can be cooked [pg 89] tender, rubbed through a sieve and used\nwith stock for vegetable soup, or with skimmed milk for cream soup. Such\nproducts are being conserved by the enemy, even to the onion skin, which is\nground into bread-making material.\n\nThrowing away the water in which vegetables have been cooked wastes their\ncharacteristic and valuable element—the mineral salts. Cooking them so much\nthat they become watery; under-cooking so that they are hard and indigestible;\ncooking more than is required for a meal; failing to use left-over portions\npromptly as an entree or for cream soups or scalloped dishes—all these things\nmean an appalling waste of valuable food material. Good food material is also\nlost when the water in which rice or macaroni or other starchy food has been\nboiled is poured down the kitchen sink. Such water should be used for soup\nmaking.\n\nFruits are wasted by throwing away the cores and skins, which can be used for\nmaking sauces, jams and jellies, the latter being sweetened with corn syrup\ninstead of sugar.\n\nRhubarb is wasted by removing the pink skin from young rhubarb, which should\nbe retained to add flavor and color-attractiveness to the dish.\n\nRaw food in quantity is frequently left in the mixing bowl, while by the use\nof a good flexible knife or spatula every particle can be saved. A large\npalette knife is as good in the kitchen as in the studio.\n\nThe next step in food preparation is cooking, and tons of valuable material\nare wasted through ignorance of the principles of cooking.\n\nBad cooking, which means under-cooking, over-cooking or flavorless cooking,\nrenders food inedible, and inedible food contributes to world shortage. [pg\n90] Fats are wasted in cooking by being burned and by not being carefully\nutilized as dripping and shortening. The water in which salt meat, fresh meat,\nor poultry has been boiled should be allowed to cool and the fat removed\nbefore soup is made of it. Such fat can be used, first of all, in cooking, and\nthen any inedible portions can be used in soap making.\n\nTough odds and ends of meat not sightly enough to appear on the table are\noften wasted. They can be transformed by long cooking into savory stews,\nragouts, croquettes and hashes, whereas, if carelessly and insufficiently\ncooked, they are unpalatable and indigestible. Scraps of left-over cooked meat\nshould be ground in the food-chopper and made into appetizing meat balls,\nhashes or sandwich paste. If you happen to have a soft cooked egg left over,\nboil it hard at once. It can be used for garnishes, sauces, salads or sandwich\npaste.\n\nUse all bits of bread, that cannot be used as toast, in puddings, croquettes,\nscalloped dishes or to thicken soup.\n\nDon't throw away cold muffins and fancy breads. Split and toast them for next\nday's breakfast.\n\nFoods that survive the earlier forms of waste are often lost at table by the\nserving of portions of like size to all members of the family. The individual\nfood requirements differ according to age, sex, vocation and state of health.\nEach should be considered before the food is served, then there will be no\nwaste on the plates when the meal is over. The following table, showing the\ndaily requirement of calories for men and women in various lines of work,\nillustrates this point:\n\n[pg 91]\n\nWOMEN CALORIES\n\nSedentary work ... 2,400\n\nActive work ... 2,700\n\nHard manual labor ... 3,200\n\nMEN CALORIES\n\nSedentary work ... 2,700\n\nActive work ... 3,450\n\nHard manual labor ... 4,150\n\nAlthough the serving of food should be carefully planned so as to prevent\nwaste, care should be taken that growing children have ample food. It is a\nmistake to suppose that a growing child can be nourished on less than a\nsedentary adult. A boy of fourteen who wants to eat more than his father\nprobably needs all that he asks for. We must not save on the children; but it\nwill be well to give them plain food for the most part, which will not tempt\nthem to overeat, and tactfully combat pernickety, overfastidious likes and\ndislikes.\n\nThe United States Food Administration is preaching the gospel of the clean\nplate, and this can be accomplished by serving smaller portions, insisting\nthat all food accepted be eaten; by keeping down bread waste, cutting the\nbread at the table a slice at a time as needed; by cooking only sufficient to\nsupply moderately the number to be fed, and no more. It is a false idea of\ngood providing that platters must leave the table with a generous left-over.\nWaste of cooked food is a serious item in household economy, and no matter how\nskillfully leftovers are utilized, it is always less expensive and more\nappetizing to provide fresh-cooked foods at each meal.\n\nOne would think that with the various uses to which all kinds of foodstuffs\nmay be put that there would be little left for the yawning garbage pail. But\nthe Secretary of the United States Department of Agriculture is responsible\nfor the statement that $750,000,000 worth of [pg 92] food has been wasted\nannually in the American kitchen. Undoubtedly a large part of this\nwastefulness was due to ignorance on the part of the housewife, and the rest\nof it to the lack of co-operation on the part of the employees who have\nhandled the food but not paid the bills.\n\nAccording to a well-known domestic scientist, the only things which should\nfind their way to the garbage pail are:\n\nEgg shells—after being used to clear coffee.\n\nPotato skins—after having been cooked on the potato.\n\nBanana skins—if there are no tan shoes to be cleaned.\n\nBones—after having been boiled in soup kettle.\n\nCoffee grounds—if there is no garden where they can be used for fertilizer, or\nif they are not desired as filling for pincushions.\n\nTea leaves—after every tea-serving, if they are not needed for brightening\ncarpets or rugs when swept.\n\nAsparagus ends—after being cooked and drained for soup.\n\nSpinach, etc.—decayed leaves and dirty ends of roots.\n\nIf more than this is now thrown away, you are wasting the family income and\nnot fulfilling your part in the great world struggle. Your government says\nthat it is your business to know what food your family needs to be efficient;\nthat you must learn how to make the most of the foods you buy; that it is your\nduty to learn the nature and uses of various foods and to get the greatest\npossible nourishment out of every pound of food that comes to your home.\n\nThe art of utilizing left-overs is an important factor in this prevention of\nwaste. The thrifty have always known it. The careless have always ignored it.\nBut now as a measure of home economy as well as a patriotic service, the left-\nover must be handled intelligently.\n\nThe following recipes show how to make appetizing dishes from products that\nheretofore in many homes have found their way to the extravagant pail.\n\n[pg 93]\n\nIn these recipes, sauces are prominent because they are of great value in\nmaking foods of neutral flavor, especially the starchy winter vegetables, and\nrice, macaroni and hominy, as attractive as they are nutritious; salads are\nincluded, since these serve to combine odds and ends of meats and vegetables;\ngelatine dishes are provided because gelatine serves as a binder for all kinds\nof leftovers and is an extremely practical way of making the most rigid saving\nacceptable; desserts made of crumbs of bread and cake, or left-over cereals,\nare among the major economies if they are worked out in such a way that they\ndo not involve the extravagant use of other foodstuffs. All the recipes in\nthis economy cook-book have been thoughtfully adapted to the conditions of the\ntime, and will show the practical housekeeper how to supply wholesome,\nflavorsome food for the least cost.\n\n### SAUCES MAKE LEFTOVERS ATTRACTIVE\n\n#### WHITE SAUCE\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\nMelt fat. Add dry ingredients and a little of the milk. Bring to boiling\npoint. Continue adding milk a little at a time until all is added. Serve with\nvegetables, fish, eggs, meats.\n\n#### WHITE SAUCE WITH CHEESE\n\n1⁄2 cup cheese (cream or American) added to\n\n11⁄2 cups white sauce\n\nExcellent to serve with macaroni, hominy or vegetables.\n\n#### WHITE SAUCE WITH SHRIMPS\n\n1⁄2 cup shrimps\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\n1 cup white sauce\n\nServe on toast, or with starchy vegetables.\n\n[pg 94]\n\n#### WHITE SAUCE WITH HORSERADISH AND PIMENTO\n\n1⁄4 cup horseradish\n\n1 tablespoon chopped pimento\n\n1 cup white sauce\n\n#### Serve with boiled beef, hot or cold, or with cold roast beef.\n\n#### WHITE SAUCE WITH EGG\n\n1 cup white sauce\n\n2 sliced hard-cooked eggs\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\nExcellent for spinach and vegetables, or fish.\n\n#### BROWN SAUCE\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄3 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon of cayenne\n\n11⁄2 cups brown stock, or\n\n11⁄2 cups water and 2 bouillon cubes\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce\n\nMelt fat until brown. Add flour. Heat until brown. Add liquid gradually,\nletting come to boiling point each time before adding more liquid. When all is\nadded, 1 teaspoon kitchen bouquet may be added if darker color is desired.\n\n#### BROWN SAUCE WITH OLIVES\n\n1 cup brown sauce\n\n3 tablespoons chopped olives\n\nMake brown sauce as given in foregoing recipe, then while it is hot stir in\nthe chopped olives, and serve.\n\n#### BROWN SAUCE WITH PEANUTS\n\n1 cup brown sauce\n\n1⁄4 cup chopped peanuts\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\nA good sauce to serve with rice, macaroni, hominy or other starchy foods. It\nsupplies almost a meat flavor to these rather insipid foods.\n\n#### MUSHROOM SAUCE\n\n1 cup brown sauce\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped mushrooms\n\nAdd mushrooms to fat and flour before adding liquid. If fresh mushrooms are\nused, cook for two or three minutes after adding liquid.\n\n[pg 95]\n\n#### VEGETABLE SAUCES\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n2 cups vegetable stock,\n\nor\n\n1 cup vegetable stock\n\n1 cup milk.\n\nVegetable stock is the water in which any vegetable is cooked. Make as white\nsauce.\n\n#### DRAWN BUTTER SAUCE\n\n1⁄3 cup butter substitute\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 cup boiling water\n\n2 tablespoons chopped parsley\n\nMake as white sauce, reserving 2 tablespoons of the fat to add just before\nserving.\n\n#### TOMATO SAUCE\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 teaspoon Worcestershire\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\n11⁄2 cups tomato\n\nMelt fat; add dry ingredients and gradually the liquid, letting sauce come to\nboiling point each time before adding more liquid.\n\n#### FRUIT SAUCE FOR PUDDING\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄2 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 cup powdered sugar\n\n1 teaspoon vanilla, or\n\n1 tablespoon brandy\n\n1 cup mashed cooked fruit\n\nMix thoroughly. Let chill and serve with steamed or baked pudding.\n\n#### COCOANUT SAUCE\n\n1⁄2 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 cup cocoanut and milk\n\n2 tablespoons corn syrup\n\n2 tablespoons cornstarch\n\n1 teaspoon vanilla\n\nMix ingredients. Bring to boiling point over direct fire. Cook over hot water\n20 minutes. Use with leftover stale cake, baked or steamed puddings. If canned\ncocoanut containing milk is used, plain milk may be omitted.\n\n[pg 96]\n\n#### MOLASSES SAUCE\n\n1 cup molasses\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n1 tablespoon flour, plus\n\n1 tablespoon cold water\n\n11⁄2 tablespoons vinegar\n\nMix together. Bring to boiling point and serve with any pudding.\n\n#### FRENCH SAUCE\n\n1 cup (crystal) corn syrup\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄2 cup water\n\n1 tablespoon cream\n\n1 teaspoon vanilla\n\nBeat egg light. Pour on gradually the hot corn syrup and water, beating egg\nwith eggbeater. Add cream and vanilla. Serve at once.\n\n#### SPICE SAUCE\n\n1⁄2 cup corn syrup\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄3 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon nutmeg\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla\n\nMix corn syrup and spices. Add beaten yolks and milk. Cook over hot water\nuntil thick. Add vanilla and beaten whites. Serve hot or cold.\n\n#### MAPLE SPICE SAUCE\n\n3 tablespoons fat\n\n1⁄3 cup maple sugar\n\n2 eggs\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon allspice\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla\n\n1⁄3 cup milk\n\nCream fat, sugar and spices. Add beaten yolks and milk. Cook in double boiler\nuntil thick. Add vanilla and beaten whites. Serve hot or cold.\n\n#### TOMATO SAUCE WITH CHEESE\n\n1 cup tomato sauce\n\n1⁄2 cup grated cheese\n\nAdd cheese while sauce is hot and just before serving. Do not boil sauce after\nadding cheese.\n\n#### MEXICAN SAUCE\n\nTo one cup tomato sauce, add\n\n2 tablespoons chopped green pepper\n\n3 tablespoons chopped celery\n\n3 tablespoons chopped carrot\n\n[pg 97]\n\n#### HARD SAUCE\n\n1⁄3 cup butter substitute or hydrogenated oil\n\n1⁄3 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄3 cup sugar\n\n1 teaspoon flavoring\n\nCream all together. This method reduces the necessary sugar two-thirds.\n\n#### LEMON OR ORANGE SAUCE\n\n1⁄2 cup corn syrup\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n1⁄4 cup lemon juice\n\n1 teaspoon lemon rind\n\n2 tablespoons cornstarch\n\n3 tablespoons lemon juice\n\n1⁄2 cup orange juice\n\n2 teaspoons orange rind\n\n1 tablespoon flour\n\n1 tablespoon water\n\nMix ingredients. Bring to boiling point and serve.\n\n#### CRANBERRY SAUCE WITH RAISINS\n\n1 cup cranberries\n\n1 cup water\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 cup raisins or nuts\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\nCook cranberries in water until they are soft and the water is almost entirely\nabsorbed. Add other ingredients and cook about 20 minutes slowly until thick\nenough to use as sauce.\n\n### THE USE OF GELATINE IN COMBINING LEFTOVERS\n\n#### LEFTOVER FRUIT MOLD\n\n2 tablespoons cold water\n\n2 tablespoons gelatine\n\nLet stand until gelatine is soft. Add 1 pint boiling water, or fruit juice\nfrom canned fruit.\n\n1⁄4 cup lemon juice\n\n2⁄3 cup corn syrup, or\n\n1⁄2 cup sugar\n\nStir until gelatine is dissolved. Add 1 cup leftover fruit. Place in mold\nwhich has been dipped in cold water. Stir occasionally while hardening so\nfruit does not settle to the bottom. Or a little gelatine may be poured in\nmold and allowed to grow almost hard; then some fruit arranged on it and more\ngelatine poured in. Repeat until mold is filled; then chill, and turn out\ncarefully.\n\n[pg 98]\n\n#### MOLDED VEGETABLE SALAD\n\n11⁄2 cups boiling tomato juice and pulp\n\n2 tablespoons cold water\n\n2 tablespoons gelatine\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon paprika\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce\n\n2 cups of any one vegetable, or of mixed vegetables\n\nSoften gelatine in the cold water. Add other ingredients and chill. Stir once\nor twice while chilling so vegetables do not settle to the bottom.\n\n#### MOLDED MEAT OR FISH LOAF\n\n2 tablespoons gelatine\n\n2 tablespoons cold water\n\n1 cup boiling gravy, tomato juice, or 1 cup boiling water into which 1\nbouillon cube has been dissolved\n\n1 cup left-over meat or fish chopped fine\n\n1 cup chopped celery or cooked vegetable\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nSoften gelatine in cold water. Add other ingredients. Stir until gelatine is\ndissolved. Pour into mold dipped into cold water. Chill. Stir once or twice\nwhile hardening so meat does not settle to the bottom. Serve with salad\ndressing.\n\n#### RICE IMPERIAL\n\n1 cup cooked rice\n\n1 cup corn syrup\n\n1 tablespoon gelatine\n\n2 tablespoons water\n\n1⁄2 cup cherries or other cooked fruit\n\n1⁄2 cup nuts\n\n1⁄2 cup juice of fruit\n\nChill and serve.\n\n#### CREAM SALAD MOLD\n\n1 cup cooked salad dressing\n\n2 tablespoons gelatine\n\n2 cups any left-over fish, meat or vegetables\n\n2 tablespoons cold water\n\nUse any well-seasoned salad dressing. Soften the gelatine in the cold water.\nDissolve over boiling water. Add to salad dressing. Add other ingredients well\nseasoned and chill.\n\n#### CHEESE MOLD\n\n1 pint cottage cheese\n\n1⁄2 cup pimento or green pepper\n\n1 cup milk\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n2 tablespoons granulated gelatine\n\n4 tablespoons cold water\n\n[pg 99]\n\nSoften gelatine in the cold water. Dissolve over hot water. Add all\ningredients. Mix thoroughly and place in mold which has been rinsed with cold\nwater. When firm, serve as salad.\n\n#### FRUIT SPONGE\n\n2 tablespoons gelatine softened in\n\n1⁄3 cup cold water\n\n1 pint clabbered milk, or fruit juice\n\n1 cup sugar\n\n1 teaspoon vanilla\n\n1 cup crushed fruit\n\n2 egg whites\n\nMix gelatine with milk. Add sugar. When it begins to thicken, beat with rotary\nbeater. Add vanilla and fruit. Fold in egg whites and turn into mold. Apple\nsauce, strawberries, rhubarb, pineapple or raspberries may be used.\n\n#### ORIENTAL SALAD\n\n1 tablespoon gelatine\n\n2 cups boiling water\n\n3⁄4 cup sugar\n\n1⁄2 cup lemon juice\n\n1⁄2 cup grated cocoanut\n\n2 cups apples, chopped\n\n1 cup celery\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped nuts\n\n3 pimentoes\n\n1 tablespoon grated onion\n\n1⁄3 teaspoon salt\n\nSoften gelatine in 2 tablespoons cold water, then dissolve in the boiling\nwater, but do not cook after gelatine is put in. Add all other ingredients.\nMold and chill. Serve with cooked or mayonnaise salad dressing, plain or on\nlettuce leaves.\n\n### SALADS PROVIDE AN EASY METHOD OF USING LEFTOVERS\n\n#### MIXED VEGETABLE SALAD\n\n1 cup cooked potatoes\n\n1 cup cooked carrots\n\n1 cup cooked peas\n\n1 cup cooked beets\n\nMake a French dressing of\n\n1⁄2 cup oil\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n2 tablespoons vinegar\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nMix dressing thoroughly and pour over the vegetables. If vegetables are kept\nin different bowls instead of mixed together, the flavor of the salad is\nimproved. Any vegetable may be used in this way. Let stand 30 minutes. When\nready to serve, place each portion in a nest made of two lettuce leaves or\nother salad, green. If desired, cooked dressing may be mixed with the\nvegetable in place of French dressing, or may be served with it.\n\n[pg 100]\n\n#### EGYPTIAN SALAD\n\n1 cup left-over baked beans, cooked dried peas, or beans or lentils, or cooked\nrice, rice.\n\n1 cup chopped celery\n\n3 tablespoons chopped pepper\n\n3 tablespoons chopped pickle\n\n1 cup cooked salad dressing\n\nMix ingredients thoroughly and let stand 30 minutes to blend flavor\nthoroughly.\n\n#### CABBAGE, PEANUT AND APPLE SALAD\n\n2 cups chopped cabbage\n\n1 cup peanuts\n\n1 cup chopped apples\n\n1 cup salad dressing\n\nMix ingredients and serve with French dressing. This salad looks very\nappetizing when served in cups made of hollowed out red apples, the pulp\nremoved being used in the salad.\n\n#### CHEESE SALAD\n\n1 cup American or cream cheese\n\n2 tablespoons vinegar\n\n1⁄3 cup oil\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n2 tablespoons chopped olives\n\n3 tablespoons chopped nuts\n\nBlend all ingredients thoroughly. Shape as desired and chill. Serve with\nFrench dressing. (If American cheese is used, grate or cut fine.)\n\n#### FRUIT SALAD\n\nLeft-over small portions of fruits may be blended in almost any combination to\nform a salad. Plain French dressing or French dressing made with fruit juice\nin place of vinegar, or cooked dressing or mayonnaise may be combined with the\nfruit. Bananas combine well with any other fruit and, being the least\nexpensive fruit, may be used as the basis of fruit salads.\n\n#### MANDALAY SALAD\n\n1 cup cooked peas or carrots\n\n1 cup cooked cold rice\n\nMix with dressing made of\n\n1⁄3 cup oil\n\n1 tablespoon vinegar\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon curry powder\n\nMix all ingredients; serve cold, either plain, on lettuce leaves, or in nests\nmade of cabbage or celery.\n\n[pg 101]\n\n#### POTATO SALAD\n\n2 cups potatoes from fresh-cooked, or left-over baked, boiled or mashed\npotatoes.\n\n1⁄4 cup chopped parsley\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\n1 cup cooked salad dressing\n\n3 tablespoons chopped green pepper may be added if desired.\n\nIf mixed while cooked dressing is hot, then chilled, the flavor is much\nimproved.\n\nLeft-over mashed potatoes may be combined with cooked corn and green pepper\nfor a delicious salad.\n\n#### MEAT OR FISH SALAD\n\n1 cup left-over meat or fish\n\n3 tablespoons chopped pickle\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped celery\n\n1 cup cooked salad dressing\n\nMix ingredients thoroughly and serve. If one-quarter cup of French dressing is\nmixed with meat or fish, 30 minutes before adding other ingredients, the\nflavor is much improved.\n\n#### CAULIFLOWER SALAD\n\n1 cup cooked cauliflower\n\n1 cup cooked salad dressing\n\n3 tablespoons chopped pickle\n\n1 tablespoon chopped pimento\n\n1 tablespoon vinegar\n\nBlend ingredients thoroughly and serve. Cauliflower which has been creamed or\nscalloped may be used, if sauce is carefully rinsed from the vegetable.\n\n#### CARROT SALAD\n\nGrind raw carrot in food chopper. Make French dressing with chicken fat\ninstead of oil. Mix ingredients and serve.\n\n1 cup raw carrots\n\n1⁄2 cup oil (preferably oil from chicken fat)\n\n1 tablespoon vinegar\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1 tablespoon parsley\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon paprika\n\n#### HINDU SALAD\n\n2 tablespoons flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n2 tablespoons granulated gelatine, plus 2 tablespoons cold water\n\n1 teaspoon mustard\n\n1 teaspoon curry powder\n\n3 tablespoons melted fat\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1⁄3 cup vinegar\n\n2 cups cooked rice\n\n2 tablespoons chopped olives\n\nMix dry ingredients, add egg and blend thoroughly. Add melted fat, milk and\nvinegar. Cook over hot water until thick as custard. Soften gelatine in cold\nwater. Add to the hot dressing. When dissolved add rice and olives, place in\nmold and chill. Serve plain or with 1⁄2 cup French dressing.\n\n[pg 102]\n\n### THE USE OF STALE BREAD, CAKE, AND LEFTOVER CEREAL\n\n#### DATE CRUMB PUDDING\n\n1 cup dried crumbs\n\n1 pint hot milk\n\nLet stand until milk is absorbed, then add\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 cup molasses\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n1 cup dates, cut small\n\n1 egg\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon mixed cloves, nutmeg, allspice, ginger\n\nMix ingredients. Bake 40 minutes in moderately hot oven. This pudding is so\nwell flavored that it does not really require a sauce, but if one is desired\nthe molasses sauce on page *86, or the hard or lemon sauce on page *87 will be\nfound to suit.\n\n#### FIG PUDDING\n\n1⁄4 lb suet\n\n1⁄2 lb chopped figs\n\n1 cup sour apple (cored, pared and chopped)\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1⁄2 cup molasses\n\n1⁄2 cup corn syrup\n\n1 cup breadcrumbs\n\n2 eggs\n\n1⁄3 cup flour\n\nCream suet; add figs, apple and corn syrup. Pour milk over bread. Add yolks,\nbeaten. Combine. Add flour and egg whites. Steam 4 hours.\n\n#### FRUIT TAPIOCA\n\n1⁄4 cup pearl tapioca\n\n1⁄3 cup corn syrup, or\n\n1⁄4 cup sugar\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1 cup water\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1 cup fruit\n\nSoak tapioca in the water over night. Add the other ingredients except the\nfruit and cook over hot water until the tapioca is clear. Add fruit and 1\nteaspoon vanilla and chill.\n\n#### RICE FRUIT CUSTARD\n\n1⁄3 cup rice\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1⁄3 cup corn syrup\n\n1 teaspoon vanilla\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1 egg\n\n1 cup fruit\n\nCook rice with milk in double boiler 30 minutes. Add other ingredients and\ncook 10 minutes. Chill and serve.\n\n[pg 103]\n\n#### NUT AND FRUIT PUDDING\n\n1 cup stale breadcrumbs\n\n2 cups scalded milk\n\n1⁄2 cup corn syrup\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped nuts\n\n2 eggs\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla\n\n3⁄4 cup chopped figs, dates or raisins\n\nPour scalded milk over breadcrumbs. Beat eggs. Add other ingredients. Bake 25\nto 35 minutes in moderate oven.\n\n#### CHOCOLATE BREAD PUDDING\n\n1 cup crumbs\n\n2 cups milk\n\n1 oz. chocolate\n\n1⁄3 cup sugar\n\n1⁄2 cup corn syrup\n\n2 eggs\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla\n\nUse whites for meringue with 2 tablespoons corn syrup.\n\n#### CAKE CROQUETTES\n\n1 pint stale cake crumbs\n\n1 cup milk\n\nSoak 1 hour; heat and add\n\n2 yolks of eggs\n\n2 teaspoons vanilla\n\nChill, shape, roll in eggs and crumbs and brown in frying pan. Serve with hard\nsauce.\n\n#### CEREAL FRUIT PUDDING\n\n2 cups milk\n\n1 cup any ready-to-eat cereal\n\n1 egg (beaten)\n\n1⁄3 cup molasses\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon cinnamon\n\n1 cup raisins, dates or prunes\n\nMix ingredients. Bake 30 to 40 minutes in moderately hot oven.\n\n#### SCALLOPED FISH\n\n2 cups crumbs\n\n2 cups fish\n\n2 tablespoons chopped parsley\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n2 teaspoons onion juice\n\n11⁄2 cups milk\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\nMelt fat, add dry ingredients and gradually the liquid to make a smooth sauce.\nAdd onion juice, lemon juice, parsley and fish. Mix [pg 104] with crumbs 2\ntablespoons fat. Place crumbs on top. Bake in greased pan 25 minutes.\n\n#### SPANISH CASSEROLE\n\n2 cups cooked rice\n\n1 quart tomatoes\n\n1⁄4 to 1 lb. hamburg steak\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n3 teaspoons salt\n\n2 tablespoons onions, chopped\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nAdd rice to tomatoes. Add seasoning and meat, browned. Bake in casserole about\n2 hours.\n\n#### PEANUT LOAF\n\n3 cups stale bread crumbs\n\n2 cups milk\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon poultry seasoning\n\n1 tablespoon onion juice and pulp\n\n2 eggs\n\n4 teaspoons baking powder\n\n11⁄2 cups chopped peanuts\n\nAdd bread to milk; add seasoning, beaten eggs, baking powder, and peanuts.\nPour into greased, lined baking tin. Bake in moderate oven 40 minutes.\n\n#### CHEESE ENTREE\n\n1 cup cooked farina or rice\n\n1 cup cheese\n\n1 cup nuts\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 egg\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\nMix ingredients thoroughly. Bake in greased dish 30 minutes.\n\n#### BEAN LOAF\n\n2 cups cold cooked beans\n\n1 egg beaten\n\n1 cup breadcrumbs\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n1 tablespoon minced onion\n\n2 tablespoons catsup\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\nShape into loaf. Bake 25 minutes. Serve with tomato sauce.\n\n#### ROYAL FRENCH TOAST\n\nUse leftover bread as French toast by dipping in mixture of\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1 tablespoon corn syrup\n\n1 egg beaten\n\n[pg 105]\n\nThen brown in frying pan in small amount of fat. Spread with marmalade, jelly,\ncocoanut, or preserves and serve as dessert.\n\n#### DRIED FRUIT PUDDING\n\nOne cup dried apricots, peaches or prunes soaked two hours in two cups of\nwater.\n\n1 cup bread crumbs\n\n2⁄3 cup corn syrup\n\n1 teaspoon orange or lemon rind\n\n2 eggs\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon salt\n\n1 teaspoon lemon juice\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped nuts\n\nMix ingredients. Place in greased baking dish and bake 30 minutes in\nmoderately hot oven.\n\n#### CHEESE SAUCE ON BREAD\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1 pint milk\n\n2 qts. milk\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 cup cheese\n\nMake as white sauce and add cheese. Pour over bread, sliced and toasted. Bake\nin moderate oven.\n\n#### SURPRISE CEREAL\n\n3 cups dried breadcrumbs\n\n3 tablespoons maple syrup\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\nMix thoroughly and place in moderately hot oven for 20 minutes, stirring\nfrequently. Remove and serve as breakfast food. Very inexpensive and\ndelicious. Graham, corn or oatmeal bread is best for this purpose, but any\nbread may be used.\n\n#### SURPRISE CROQUETTES\n\n1 cup leftover cereal\n\n1 cup chopped peanuts\n\n1⁄2 cup dried breadcrumbs\n\n1 beaten egg\n\nShape as croquettes and bake in oven or pan-broil. Serve with tart jelly.\n\n#### CHEESE STRAWS\n\n1 cup stale bread\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄2 cup grated cheese\n\n1⁄4 cup milk\n\n2⁄3 cup flour\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon salt\n\nMake into dough; roll 1⁄4 inch thick. Cut into strips 6 inches long and 1⁄2\ninch wide. Place on baking sheet. Bake 20 minutes in moderate oven. Serve with\nsoup, salad, or pastry.\n\n[pg 106]\n\n### SOUPS UTILIZE LEFTOVERS\n\nIn nearly every case when meat is purchased, some bone is paid for. Too\nfrequently this is either left at the market or thrown away in the home.\nBones, gristle, tough ends, head and feet of chickens, head, fins and bones of\nfish, etc., should be utilized for making soup.\n\nIf a meat or fish chowder with plenty of vegetable accompaniment is served, no\nother meat is required for the usual home meal.\n\nIf a cream of dried or fresh vegetables, or a meat stock soup with plenty of\nvegetables or cereal content, is served, the amount of meat eaten with the\nmain course of the meal will be materially lessened.\n\nSoups may be a most economical method of using water in which meat, fish or\nvegetables have been cooked; also of utilizing small portions of leftover\nmeats, fish, vegetables or cereal.\n\nCream soups are made by cooking vegetables or cereal, then utilizing the water\nin which they are cooked as part of the liquid for the soup. Outer parts or\nwilted parts of vegetables may be utilized for soups instead of being\ndiscarded. Water in which ham or mutton has been boiled makes an excellent\nbasis for dried or fresh vegetable soups. In fact, soup can be made from all\nkinds of leftovers—the variety and kind make little difference so long as the\nmixture is allowed to simmer for several hours and is properly seasoned.\n\n#### CREAM SOUP\n\n1⁄3 cup fat\n\n1⁄3 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1 cup cereal or vegetable\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 pt. milk\n\n1 pt. water, in which vegetable or cereal was cooked, or leftover water in\nwhich meat was cooked.\n\nMelt fat, add dry ingredients and, gradually, liquid. When at boiling point,\nadd vegetables or cereal and serve.\n\n#### MEAT STOCK\n\nLeftover bits of meat, bone, or gristle may be used alone or with some fresh\nmeat and bone from shin or neck.\n\nTo each 1 lb. of meat and bone, add 1 qt. cold water. Let stand 1 hour. Cover\nand bring slowly to boiling point and simmer 2 to 3 hours. Remove bones and\nmeat. Let stand until cold. Skim off fat. Add vegetables cut in small pieces,\nseason as desired and cook until vegetables are tender. Leftover cereals, as\nbarley, oatmeal, etc., vegetables, macaroni, tapioca, sago, etc., etc., may be\nadded for increased food value.\n\n[pg 107]\n\n#### TOMATO GUMBO SOUP\n\nBones and gristle from chicken or turkey\n\n2 qts. cold water\n\n1 cup okra\n\n1 tablespoon chopped pimento\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄2 cup rice\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n11⁄2 cups tomatoes\n\n1⁄4 cup chopped parsley\n\nSoak bones and gristle in the cold water 1 hour. Then boil slowly 1 hour, in\nsame water. Strain out the bones and gristle and add other ingredients to the\nliquor. Boil this mixture slowly 3⁄4 hour and serve.\n\n#### LEGUME SOUP\n\n1 cup dried peas, beans or lentils\n\n3 qts. cold water\n\n1 tablespoon onion pulp\n\n1 ham bone or 1⁄2 pound smoked sausage\n\n1 teaspoon celery salt\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n2 tablespoons flour, plus\n\n2 tablespoons cold water\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon pepper\n\n1 cup tomato\n\nWash and soak dried legume over night. In morning drain, add water, ham bone\nor sausage and cook very slowly until tender. Add other ingredients, cook 1⁄2\nhour and serve.\n\n#### VEGETABLE SOUP\n\n1 qt. boiling water\n\n1⁄2 cup carrots\n\n1⁄2 cup cabbage\n\n1 cup potatoes\n\n1 cup tomato juice and pulp\n\n1 tablespoon minced onion\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon pepper\n\n4 tablespoons fat\n\n4 cloves\n\n1 bayleaf\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n4 peppercorns\n\n2 tablespoons chopped parsley\n\nHeat onion, pepper, salt, bayleaf and peppercorns with tomatoes for 20\nminutes. Strain. To juice and pulp add other ingredients and cook slowly 1\nhour. Add parsley just before serving.\n\n#### CREAM OF CARROT SOUP\n\n2 cups diced carrots\n\n2 cups water\n\n1 cup milk\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n2 tablespoons flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\nCook the carrots in the water until tender. Melt the fat, add dry ingredients,\nadd gradually the 1 cup water in which the carrots were cooked and the milk.\nWhen at boiling point, serve with a little grated [pg 108] raw carrot\nsprinkled over top of soup. Any vegetable, raw or cooked, may be used in the\nsame way, as cauliflower, cabbage, peas, turnips, etc.\n\n#### SALMON CHOWDER\n\n1 cup cooked or canned fish\n\n1 cup cooked potato, diced\n\n1 cup peas\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n2 tablespoons flour\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon paprika\n\n2 cups milk\n\n1 cup water from boiled potatoes\n\n2 tablespoons chopped parsley\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\nMelt fat, add dry ingredients and gradually the liquid. When at boiling point,\nadd parsley and serve.\n\n#### CHEESE CREAM SOUP\n\n1 cup cheese\n\n2 cups milk\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n11⁄4 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon celery salt\n\n3 tablespoons flour\n\nMelt fat, add dry ingredients and gradually the liquid. When at boiling point\nand just ready to serve add cheese. Any kind of cheese may be used for this\npurpose.\n\n#### BEAN SOUP\n\n1 cup beans\n\n1 quart water\n\n1 tablespoon onion juice\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce\n\n1 cup brown stock\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon celery salt\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 hard cooked egg\n\n1 lemon, sliced\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon mustard\n\n2 tablespoons flour, plus 2 tablespoons cold water\n\nSoak beans over night, drain. Place in 1 quart of fresh cold water and cook\nuntil very tender. Add other ingredients and bring to boiling point. Slice\nthin, hard cooked egg and lemon from which seeds have been removed and serve\nwith each portion. Do not remove lemon rind as this gives a piquant flavor.\n\n#### POTATO AND CHEESE SOUP\n\n2 cups cooked diced potatoes\n\n2 cups water in which potatoes were cooked\n\n1 cup milk\n\n2 teaspoons onion juice\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n3 tablespoons flour\n\n11⁄2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n2 tablespoons of finely chopped parsley\n\n1⁄4 cup grated cheese\n\nDice potatoes and cook slowly until very tender. Rub through strainer, using\npotato and 2 cups of the water. Melt fat, add dry ingredients and gradually\nthe liquids and onion juice. When ready to serve, sprinkle parsley and cheese\nover top.\n\n[pg 109]\n\n### ALL-IN-ONE-DISH MEALS\n\n#### NEED ONLY FRUIT OR SIMPLE DESSERT, AND BREAD AND BUTTER TO COMPLETE A\nWELL-BALANCED MENU\n\n#### LENTILS WITH RICE AND TOMATOES\n\n3⁄4 cup lentils\n\n1 cup rice\n\n1 quart tomatoes\n\n1 teaspoon Worcestershire\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon bay leaf\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon sage\n\nSoak lentils over night; drain; add one quart fresh water and one teaspoon of\nsalt. Cook slowly until tender. Add other ingredients. Steam or bake for 45\nminutes.\n\n#### RICE, TOMATOES, GREEN PEPPER AND BEEF\n\n1⁄2 cup cooked rice\n\n1 pint tomatoes\n\n1⁄3 cup green pepper chopped\n\n2 cups fresh or left-over cooked meat\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\nMix all ingredients. Bake in greased dish slowly for one hour.\n\n#### HOMINY AND CURRIED MUTTON WITH BEETS\n\n1 cup hominy which has been soaked over night, drained\n\n1 quart fresh water and 1 teaspoon of salt added; cook until tender\n\n2 cups mutton from shoulder\n\n1 teaspoon kitchen bouquet\n\n1 teaspoon curry\n\n2 cups water\n\n1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce\n\n1 tablespoon cornstarch\n\n1 cup diced beets\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nMix all ingredients thoroughly. Bake in covered casserole slowly for one hour.\nMutton should be cut in about one-inch pieces.\n\n#### TAMALE PIE MADE WITH CORNMEAL MUSH, MEAT AND CHOPPED PEPPERS\n\n4 cups water\n\n1 cup cornmeal\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄3 cup chopped peppers\n\n2 cups cooked meat\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nTo cornmeal add one-half cup of cold water. Boil three cups of water and add\ncornmeal. Boil five minutes. Add other ingredients. Cook in greased baking\ndish for one hour.\n\n[pg 110]\n\n#### BAKED SOY BEANS WITH GREENS AND TOMATO\n\n1 pint soy beans\n\n1⁄4 lb. salt pork\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon soda\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 onion\n\n11⁄2 tablespoons salt\n\n3⁄4 cup molasses\n\n3⁄4 tablespoon mustard\n\nBoiling water (about one quart)\n\n1 pint tomatoes\n\n2 cups cooked spinach\n\nSoak beans over night; drain. Cover with fresh water and the soda and boil,\nuntil skins break, but do not let beans become broken. Cut rind from salt pork\nand cut into six or eight pieces. To 1 cup of boiling water add the cayenne,\nsalt, molasses, mustard and tomatoes. In bottom of bean pot place the onion\nand a piece of salt pork. Add beans. Pour over this the seasonings. Cover the\nbeans with boiling water. Bake three hours covered. Uncover, put spinach to\nwhich has been added 1 teaspoon of salt, 1 tablespoon of vinegar, one-eighth\nteaspoon of pepper, on top. Bake 30 minutes and serve.\n\n#### CASSEROLE OF KIDNEY BEANS, SALT PORK AND SPINACH\n\nOne cup of kidney beans, soak over night; drain. Cover with fresh water. Add 2\nteaspoons of salt, cook in small amount of water until tender. Force through\ncolander. Measure 11⁄2 cups and add one-quarter pound salt pork chopped fine,\n1 teaspoon Worcestershire sauce, 1 cup of water or meat stock or gravy.\n\nPlace half of mixture in greased baking dish. Cover with two cups of spinach,\nto which has been added one-quarter cup of vinegar, 2 tablespoons of fat and\none-half teaspoon of salt. Cover with other half of bean mixture. Bake 20\nminutes.\n\n#### SCALLOPED MACARONI WITH PEAS IN TOMATO AND CHEESE SAUCE\n\n1 cup macaroni\n\n1 cup peas\n\n1 pint tomatoes, juice and pulp\n\n1 cup grated cheese\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nCook macaroni until tender in one quart of boiling water and one teaspoon of\nsalt; drain. Melt fat, add flour, salt and cayenne. Gradually add tomatoes and\nwhen at boiling point remove from fire, add cheese and peas. Place macaroni in\ngreased baking dish, pour sauce over it and bake 30 minutes.\n\n[pg 111]\n\n#### CURRIED RICE WITH CORN AND CHEESE IN BROWN SAUCE\n\n1⁄2 cup rice\n\n1 cup cheese\n\n1 cup corn\n\n11⁄2 cup milk\n\n1⁄4 cup fat\n\n1⁄4 cup flour\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\nMelt fat until brown. Add flour and seasonings. Heat until brown. Add milk\ngradually. When at boiling point add other ingredients. Place in baking dish\nand bake 45 minutes.\n\n#### FISH AND VEGETABLE CHOWDER\n\n3 lbs. fish\n\n2 cups diced potatoes\n\n1⁄3 cup chopped onion\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped salt pork\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 cup peas\n\n2 cups cold water\n\n2 tablespoons fat\n\n2 tablespoons flour\n\n1 cup diced carrots\n\n1 pint scalded milk\n\nCut fish into small pieces. Cover bones, fins and head with cold water. Simmer\n15 minutes; strain. Cook onion and salt pork until brown. In kettle place\nlayers of fish and mixed vegetables. To water in which bones, etc., have been\ncooked, add the seasonings. Mix all ingredients. Cook forty minutes, slowly,\ncovered.\n\n#### SAMP, FINAN HADDIE WITH HORSERADISH AND TOMATOES\n\n1 smoked haddock\n\n1 cup samp, which has been soaked over night and cooked until tender\n\n1 quart water and 1 teaspoon of salt\n\n2 teaspoons horseradish (grated)\n\n1 pint tomatoes\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄4 teaspoon cayenne\n\n2 tablespoons cornstarch\n\nPour 1 cup of boiling water and one-half cup of boiling milk over fish. Let\nstand one-half hour, pour off liquid. Place fish in baking dish. Place samp on\nfish. Mix other ingredients and pour on top. Cover and bake three-quarters of\nan hour.\n\n#### CASSEROLE OF SPAGHETTI AND CARROTS WITH PEANUTS, IN BROWN SAUCE\n\n1 cup cooked spaghetti\n\n2 cups brown stock\n\n2 cups water, or\n\n2 bouillon cubes\n\n2 tablespoons flour\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄2 cup chopped peanuts\n\n1 cup diced carrots\n\n3 tablespoons chopped olives\n\nBlend flour with 2 tablespoons cold water. Dissolve bouillon cubes in the\nboiling water. Mix all ingredients. Place in casserole and bake 45 minutes or\nuntil spaghetti is tender.\n\n[pg 112]\n\n#### LENTIL, PEANUT AND CHEESE ROAST WITH WHITE SAUCE AND OLIVES\n\n1 cup cooked lentils\n\n1 cup chopped peanuts\n\n1 cup grated cheese\n\n1 cup bread crumbs\n\n1 tablespoon fat\n\n2 tablespoons lemon juice\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\nMix all. Place in a greased dish. Bake 30 minutes. Then pour over top a sauce\nmade by melting 2 tablespoons of fat, adding 2 tablespoons flour, one-half\nteaspoon of salt and one-eighth teaspoon cayenne. Then add 1 cup of milk\ngradually. When at boiling point add 3 tablespoons of chopped olives. Pour\nthis sauce over the roast and bake 20 minutes. Serve at once.\n\n#### CASSEROLE OF CODFISH, PIMENTO AND CORNMEAL MUSH\n\n1 lb. codfish\n\n1⁄3 cup pimento\n\n1 cup cornmeal\n\n2 cups tomatoes, juice and pulp\n\n2 teaspoons salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon cayenne\n\n3 cups boiling water\n\nMix cornmeal with one-half cup of cold water. Add to the boiling water. Boil\nfive minutes. In greased baking dish place fish which has been soaked over\nnight. Place pimento on fish. Place cornmeal on pimento. To tomatoes add\nseasonings and pour over all. Bake slowly 45 minutes.\n\n#### CURRIED VEGETABLES\n\nOne-half cup dried peas, beans or lentils, soaked over night and cooked until\ntender.\n\n1⁄2 cup turnips\n\n1⁄2 cup of carrots\n\n1 cup outer parts of celery\n\n1⁄2 cup of peas\n\n1⁄2 teaspoon celery salt\n\n1⁄8 teaspoon pepper\n\n3 tablespoons drippings\n\n3 tablespoons whole wheat flour\n\n1 teaspoon curry powder\n\n1 teaspoon salt\n\n1⁄2 cup meat stock or water\n\n1 cup tomato juice and pulp\n\n1 teaspoon onion juice\n\nMelt the fat. Add the seasoning; gradually the liquid. Add the vegetables.\nCook 20 minutes. Serve very hot. This is an especially good way of adding the\nnecessary flavor to lentils.\n\n[pg 113]\n\n### WHEATLESS DAY MENUS\n\n#### 1\n\n#### BREAKFAST\n\nStewed Prunes\n\nOatmeal\n\nCorn Muffins\n\nTop Milk\n\nCoffee\n\n#### LUNCHEON OR SUPPER\n\nCream of Spinach Soup\n\nAll Rye Rolls\n\nScalloped Potatoes\n\nMarmalade\n\n#### DINNER\n\nPot Roast\n\nButtered Beets\n\nFried Egg Plant\n\nSouthern Spoon Bread\n\nMaple Cornstarch Pudding\n\n#### 2\n\n#### BREAKFAST\n\nDried Apricots\n\nCornflakes\n\nRye and Peanut Muffins\n\nTop Milk\n\nCoffee\n\n#### LUNCHEON OR SUPPER\n\nNut and Bean Loaf with White Sauce\n\nCorn Pone\n\nOatmeal Cookies\n\nCurrant or Plum Jelly\n\nTea\n\n#### DINNER\n\nBeef Casserole\n\nBaked Potatoes\n\nGreen Beans\n\nBarley Biscuits\n\nCranberry Tapioca Pudding\n\n#### 3\n\n#### BREAKFAST\n\nBaked Apple Stuffed with Nuts\n\nFried Cornmeal Mush\n\nMaple Syrup\n\nCoffee\n\n[pg 114]\n\n#### LUNCHEON OR SUPPER\n\nSplit Pea Soup\n\nRye Muffins\n\nCorn Oysters\n\nCranberry Jelly\n\n#### DINNER\n\nMutton Pie\n\nGlazed Sweet Potatoes\n\nPickled Beets\n\nOatmeal Bread\n\nScalloped Tomatoes\n\nBrown Betty\n\n#### 4\n\n#### BREAKFAST\n\nDried Peaches with Jelly Garnish\n\nCorn Puffs and Dates\n\nTop of Milk\n\nRye Muffins\n\nCoffee\n\n#### LUNCHEON OR SUPPER\n\nMacaroni and cheese\n\nCorn and Rice Muffins\n\nCanned Fruit\n\nCocoa\n\n#### DINNER\n\nCream of Carrot Soup\n\nSwiss Steak\n\nStewed Tomatoes\n\nNatural Rice\n\nCole Slaw\n\nOatmeal Rolls\n\nBrown Betty\n\n#### 5\n\n#### BREAKFAST\n\nBaked Apples with Marmalade Center\n\nCream of Grits Cereal\n\nTop of Milk\n\nRye Finger Rolls\n\nCoffee\n\n#### LUNCHEON OR SUPPER\n\nCream of Lentil Soup\n\nCorn Muffins\n\nPrunes\n\nHot Tea\n\n[pg 115]\n\n#### DINNER\n\nCasserole of Beef and Rice\n\nBaked Potatoes\n\nStewed Corn\n\nCabbage Salad\n\nChocolate Cornstarch Pudding\n\n### MEATLESS DAY MENUS\n\n#### 1\n\n#### BREAKFAST\n\nBaked Pears with Cloves and Ginger\n\nCornmeal and Farina Cereal\n\nCoffee\n\nToast\n\n#### LUNCHEON OR SUPPER\n\nWelsh Rarebit\n\nHot Tea\n\nFruit Muffins\n\nLettuce Salad\n\n#### DINNER\n\nCream of Corn Soup\n\nBaked Fish\n\nMacaroni with Tomato Sauce\n\nWhole Wheat Bread\n\nLyonnaise Potatoes\n\nOrange Sago Custard\n\n#### 2\n\n#### BREAKFAST\n\nDried Peaches\n\nFried Hominy\n\nMarmalade\n\nCoffee\n\nPopovers\n\n#### LUNCHEON OR SUPPER\n\nBean Soup\n\nLettuce Salad\n\nCheese Straws\n\nOlives\n\n[pg 116]\n\n#### DINNER\n\nChicken Fricassee\n\nDumplings\n\nBaked Squash\n\nPeas\n\nCranberry Jelly\n\nBarley Muffins\n\nMock Mince Pie\n\n#### 3\n\n#### BREAKFAST\n\nOranges\n\nPearled Barley\n\nTop Milk\n\nCurrant Jelly\n\nRye Bread Toasted\n\nCoffee\n\n#### LUNCHEON OR SUPPER\n\nMixed Vegetable Salad\n\nBoston Brown Bread\n\nHot Tea\n\n#### DINNER\n\nClam Chowder\n\nSpinach and Cheese Loaf\n\nCarrots\n\nCreamed Cauliflower\n\nOatmeal Nut Bread\n\nSpice Pudding\n\nHard Sauce\n\n### MEAT SUBSTITUTE DINNERS\n\nConsommé with Spaghetti\n\nCornmeal Muffins\n\nCabbage and Cheese\n\nJulienne Potatoes\n\nCarrots\n\nDressed Lettuce\n\nJellied Prunes with Nuts\n\nThin Bean Soup\n\nRye Rolls\n\nCorn and Oyster Fritters\n\nBaked Potato\n\nScalloped Tomato\n\nApple and Celery Salad\n\nGraham Pudding with Hard Sauce\n\n[pg 117]\n\nConsommé with Tapioca\n\nBrown Bread\n\nSalmon Loaf or Escalloped Salmon\n\nCreamed Potatoes\n\nPeas\n\nLettuce Salad\n\nGelatine Dessert\n\nThin Cream of Celery Soup\n\nRye Bread\n\nNut Loaf\n\nBrown Sauce\n\nScalloped Potatoes\n\nSpinach\n\nLettuce Salad with Tomato Jelly\n\nSago Pudding\n\nScalloped Hominy and Cheese\n\nSwiss Chard or Spinach\n\nWhole Wheat Bread\n\nStuffed Baked Potato\n\nBaked Pears\n\nMolasses Cookies\n\nEscalloped Codfish\n\nBaked Onions\n\nCorn Bread\n\nApple Salad\n\nFig and Date Pudding with Tart Jelly\n\nCream of Barley Soup\n\nTurkish Pilaf\n\nWar Muffins\n\nApple and Cabbage Salad\n\nChocolate Bread Pudding\n\nCream of Rice Soup\n\nRye Meal Rolls\n\nKidney Bean Croquette\n\nGreens\n\nDried Apricot Butter\n\nOranges, Bananas and Dates\n\nGinger Cookies\n\nBean Soup\n\nWelsh Rarebit or a Cheese Dish\n\nNatural Rice\n\nTomato Sauce\n\nCorn Meal Parker House Rolls\n\nDried Peach Pudding\n\n[pg 118]\n\n### VEGETABLE DINNERS\n\nCorn Soup\n\nOatmeal Bread\n\nNut Loaf\n\nTomato Sauce\n\nGreen Beans\n\nPotatoes au Gratin\n\nJellied Prunes\n\nBoston Roast\n\nTart Jelly\n\nWhole Wheat Bread\n\nCreamed Cauliflower\n\nSquash\n\nCranberry Slump\n\nKidney Beans with Rice\n\nFried Apples with Raisins\n\nCelery in Brown Sauce\n\nCornmeal Baking Powder Biscuits\n\nTapioca Cream\n\nBaked Beans\n\nBoston Brown Bread\n\nSpinach\n\nApple and Pimento Salad\n\nGelatine Dessert\n\nCream of Vegetable Soup\n\nLima Bean Croquets\n\nCreamed Potatoes\n\nCarrots\n\nPickled Beets\n\nCornmeal and Rye Muffins\n\nCottage Pudding\n\nCream of Celery Soup\n\nRye Bread\n\nSpinach Loaf\n\nCabbage and Pepper Relish\n\nBrown Rice\n\nMarmalade Pudding\n\nCream of Tomato Soup\n\nCorn Sticks\n\nBaked Macaroni and Cheese\n\nBaked Sweet Potatoes\n\nEggplant\n\nBeet and Cabbage Relish\n\nWhole Wheat Bread\n\nApricot Shortcake\n\nHard Sauce\n\n[pg 119] Of our men we ask their lives; Of ourselves, a little less food. [pg\n120]\n\n### SAVE AND SERVE\n\nTO SAVE BREAD. Serve bread or rolls made from corn, rye or from coarse flours.\nUse breakfast foods and hot cakes, composed of corn, oatmeal, buckwheat, rice\nor hominy. Serve no toast as garniture or under meat. Serve war breads. Use\nevery part of the bread, either fresh or stale, for puddings and toast; or\ndried and sifted for baked croquettes; or use to extend flour in the making of\nmuffins and drop cakes.\n\nTO SAVE MEAT. Use more chicken, hare, rabbits, duck, goose, lobster, oysters,\nclams and egg and cheese dishes of all kinds. Use less beef, mutton, and pork\nand serve smaller portions at table of these meats. Have fewer of these items\non the menu. Provide more entrees and made-over dishes in which a smaller\nquantity of meat is extended by the use of potatoes, rice, hominy, etc. Use\nbeans, as they contain nearly the same nutritive value as meat. Serve bacon\nonly as a dish and not as a garniture, and this way not more than once a week.\nUse cheese, dried vegetables and nuts. Use fish and meat chowders. Use meat\nextension dishes. Serve vegetable dinners.\n\nTO SAVE SUGAR. Use less candy and sweet drinks. Use honey, maple sugar, corn\nsyrup, molasses and dark syrups with hot cakes and waffles and in all cooking,\nin order to save butter and sugar. Use all classes of fruit preserves, jam,\nmarmalades and jellies. Do not frost or ice cakes. Serve dried fruits with\ncereals, and no sugar is needed.\n\n[pg 121]\n\nTO SAVE FATS. Serve as few fried dishes as possible, so as to save both butter\nand lard, and in any event use vegetable oils for frying—that is, olive oil,\ncorn oil, cottonseed oil, vegetable oil compounds, etc. Trim all coarse fats\nfrom meats before cooking and use the waste fats for shortening and for soap.\nWe are short of soap fats as our supplies of tropical oils used for soap-\nmaking are reduced. Do not waste soap. Save fat from soup stock and from\nboiled meats. Use butter substitutes where possible.\n\nTO SAVE MILK. Use it all. Buy whole milk and let cream rise. Use this cream,\nand you secure your milk without cost. Economize on milk and cream except for\nchildren. Serve buttermilk. Serve cottage cheese regularly in varying forms.\nIt is especially nutritious. Use skimmed milk in cooking. A great quantity of\nit goes to waste in this country. Use cheese generally. The children must have\nmilk whole, therefore reduce the use of cream.\n\nUSE VEGETABLES. Use more vegetables and potatoes. Make fruits and vegetables\ninto salads and attractive dishes. Feature vegetable dinners and salads of all\nkinds. Encourage the use of cheese with salads. Make all types of salads from\nvegetables. We have a great surplus of vegetables, and they can be used by\nsubstituting them for staples so that the staples most needed will be saved.\n\nMake all kinds of vegetable soups, especially the cream soups, in which the\nwaste from staple vegetables, such as outer leaves and wilted parts, can be\nutilized. These are wholesome and nutritious and save meat.\n\n[pg 122]\n\n \n \n End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Foods That Will Win The War And How To Cook Them (1918), by C. Houston Goudiss and Alberta M. Goudiss *** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FOODS THAT WILL WIN THE WAR *** ***** This file should be named 15464-h.htm or 15464-h.zip ***** This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: http://www.gutenberg.org/1/5/4/6/15464/ Produced by Albert R. Mann Library. Home Economics Archive: Research, Tradition and History (HEARTH). Ithaca, NY: Albert R. Mann Library, Cornell University, Audrey Longhurst, William Flis, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. 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8,774,127
How To Clean Concrete Steps
To clean concrete steps, start by sweeping up any loose dirt and debris. Then, mix 1 part hot water and 2 parts dish soap, and pour the mixture over the steps. You can also add white vinegar to make the mixture even more potent. Next, let the mixture sit for 10-15 minutes before scrubbing the steps with a stiff-bristled brush. Finally, rinse off the steps with hot water.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20170712070245/http://nooga.com:80/167745/the-diy-designer-how-to-get-your-sidewalk-sparkling-clean", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210613082216/https://www.concretenetwork.com/concrete/cleaning_concrete/equipment_options.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170118232428/http://gardenclub.homedepot.com/pressure-wash-your-driveway/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170912224447/http://www.howtocleanthings.com:80/surfaces/how-to-clean-concrete/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20161204095717/http://www.installitdirect.com:80/blog/concrete-stain-removal" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://nooga.com:80/167745/the-diy-designer-how-to-get-your-sidewalk-sparkling-clean", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170712070245/http://nooga.com:80/167745/the-diy-designer-how-to-get-your-sidewalk-sparkling-clean", "parsed_text": { "title": "The DIY Designer: How to get your sidewalk sparkling clean", "passages": [ "Since we purchased the beloved foreclosure over three years ago, there have been many improvements. We remodeled the kitchen, opened up the main living area, updated the bathrooms and more. We have finally started to work our way to the outside of the house. The screened-in porch got a very colorful makeover, the front porch has been painted, and I have finally tackled the disgusting sidewalk.", "We hadn’t touched the sidewalk since we moved into the house. I’m pretty sure it also hadn’t been cleaned since, oh, maybe when the house was built.", "\"Dirty\" and \"gross\" don’t even cover just how bad this sidewalk was. And really, I had no idea just how dirty it was until after it was cleaned.", "I knew there were some stains and a strange funk growing on it, but I had no idea how it was really supposed to look.", "Step one Give your sidewalk a light scrubbing with the scrub brush to remove any loose dirt or grass and loosen up any stuck-on dirt.", "Step two With the cleaner I used, you don't want your sidewalk to be soaking wet, only lightly wet when you apply the cleaner. Let your sidewalk dry for a bit, and mix up your cleaner. The cleaner must be used within an hour of mixing it, so don't mix it until right before you are ready to use it.", "I filled up my tank sprayer with two gallons of hot water (hot water is recommended) and added in eight capfuls of the foaming cleaner. The directions say to use at least three capfuls per gallon, or four capfuls per gallon if you have a very dirty area.", "Let the cleaner sit for five to 10 minutes, depending on how dirty your sidewalk is. I let mine sit for the full 10 minutes.", "Step four After the allotted time, give the area you sprayed a good scrubbing with just the brush. You will literally see the dirt and grime lift off the concrete. After you have scrubbed it good, hook up the water hose to your brush, turn on the water, and scrub some more while rinsing the sidewalk off.", "Step five Depending on how dirty your sidewalk is, you may have to repeat the cleaning process twice. I did. After the second cleaning, I still had some little black spots lingering just near the porch steps.", "Since this sidewalk hadn't been cleaned in the history of ever, they weren't budging very easily. My husband did a quick runover of those spots near the steps with a pressure washer.", "Want to tackle some more outdoor projects this weekend? Find out how to give your lattice a refresh in under an hour here and how to give your mailbox a quick makeover here.", "Jenna LaFevor rants on at Rain on a Tin Roof about DIY projects, junk décor, thrifty finds, crafty creations and other decorating dilemmas. She went to UTC, where she got a teaching degree that now collects dust. When she isn’t trying to keep her kid from climbing out of the circus ring or making sure her husband’s shirts are taken to the dry cleaners so she gets out of ironing, she can be found with a paintbrush in one hand and a cheap beer in the other. But if you’re buying, she’ll have a cosmopolitan. You can email her at rainonatinroof01@aol.com or you can connect with her on Facebook, Twitter @raintinroofblog or at her blog. The opinions expressed in this column belong solely to the author, not Nooga.com or its employees." ] }, "parsed_md": "The DIY Designer: How to get your sidewalk sparkling clean | Nooga.com\n\n * Front Page\n * Government\n * Business\n * Lifestyle\n * Entertainment\n * Opinion\n * Outdoors\n * Advertise\n * Submit Opinion\n\n# The DIY Designer: How to get your sidewalk sparkling clean\n\nBy Jenna LaFevor - Published on September 13, 2014\n\nSince we purchased the beloved foreclosure over three years ago, there have\nbeen many improvements. We remodeled the kitchen, opened up the main living\narea, updated the bathrooms and more. We have finally started to work our way\nto the outside of the house. The screened-in porch got a very colorful\nmakeover, the front porch has been painted, and I have finally tackled the\ndisgusting sidewalk.\n\nWe hadn’t touched the sidewalk since we moved into the house. I’m pretty sure\nit also hadn’t been cleaned since, oh, maybe when the house was built.\n\nIn 1969.\n\n\"Dirty\" and \"gross\" don’t even cover just how bad this sidewalk was. And\nreally, I had no idea just how dirty it was until after it was cleaned.\n\nI knew there were some stains and a strange funk growing on it, but I had no\nidea how it was really supposed to look.\n\nHere's how we cleaned this bad boy up.\n\nWhat you need\n\n * Concrete/sidewalk cleaner (I used Thompson’s Oxy Foaming Action)\n * Tank sprayer\n * Large scrub brush with water hose attachment (I used my HomeRight Deck Washer)\n * Water hose\n\nStep one Give your sidewalk a light scrubbing with the scrub brush to remove\nany loose dirt or grass and loosen up any stuck-on dirt.\n\nSpray on the cleaner, scrub it with the brush, then rinse. (Photos: Jenna\nLaFevor)\n\nStep two With the cleaner I used, you don't want your sidewalk to be soaking\nwet, only lightly wet when you apply the cleaner. Let your sidewalk dry for a\nbit, and mix up your cleaner. The cleaner must be used within an hour of\nmixing it, so don't mix it until right before you are ready to use it.\n\nI filled up my tank sprayer with two gallons of hot water (hot water is\nrecommended) and added in eight capfuls of the foaming cleaner. The directions\nsay to use at least three capfuls per gallon, or four capfuls per gallon if\nyou have a very dirty area.\n\nAs y'all well know, mine was ridiculously dirty.\n\nStep three Shake up your tank to dissolve all the cleaner crystals, and spray\nthe cleaner onto your sidewalk.\n\nLet the cleaner sit for five to 10 minutes, depending on how dirty your\nsidewalk is. I let mine sit for the full 10 minutes.\n\nStep four After the allotted time, give the area you sprayed a good scrubbing\nwith just the brush. You will literally see the dirt and grime lift off the\nconcrete. After you have scrubbed it good, hook up the water hose to your\nbrush, turn on the water, and scrub some more while rinsing the sidewalk off.\n\nStep five Depending on how dirty your sidewalk is, you may have to repeat the\ncleaning process twice. I did. After the second cleaning, I still had some\nlittle black spots lingering just near the porch steps.\n\nSince this sidewalk hadn't been cleaned in the history of ever, they weren't\nbudging very easily. My husband did a quick runover of those spots near the\nsteps with a pressure washer.\n\nHello, sparkling clean sidewalk. Nice to meet you. (Photo: Jenna LaFevor)\n\nWhy, hello, nice and pretty sidewalk! It's nice to meet you.\n\nI'm the one who neglected you for the past three years.\n\nThe cleaning and scrubbing removed a huge amount of dirt and grime and\nbrightened it up like nobody's business.\n\nSee more of this cleaning process here.\n\nWant to tackle some more outdoor projects this weekend? Find out how to give\nyour lattice a refresh in under an hour here and how to give your mailbox a\nquick makeover here.\n\nJenna LaFevor rants on at Rain on a Tin Roof about DIY projects, junk décor,\nthrifty finds, crafty creations and other decorating dilemmas. She went to\nUTC, where she got a teaching degree that now collects dust. When she isn’t\ntrying to keep her kid from climbing out of the circus ring or making sure her\nhusband’s shirts are taken to the dry cleaners so she gets out of ironing, she\ncan be found with a paintbrush in one hand and a cheap beer in the other. But\nif you’re buying, she’ll have a cosmopolitan. You can email her at\nrainonatinroof01@aol.com or you can connect with her on Facebook, Twitter\n@raintinroofblog or at her blog. The opinions expressed in this column belong\nsolely to the author, not Nooga.com or its employees.\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n 1. The DIY Designer: 5 side table makeover ideas\n 2. The DIY Designer: Traditional casual master bedroom\n 3. The DIY Designer: Creating beautiful planters\n 4. The DIY Designer: Customized party banner in an hour or less\n 5. The DIY Designer: Traditional casual living room\n\n * Email\n * Print\n * Subscribe\n\n#### You Might Also Like\n\nColumns\n\n##### The DIY Designer: 5 side table makeover ideas\n\nColumns\n\n##### The DIY Designer: Traditional casual master bedroom\n\nColumns\n\n##### The DIY Designer: Creating beautiful planters\n\n#### Nooga.com\n\n#### Connect\n\nNooga.com launched in 2011 as a local news website focusing on business,\ngovernment and lifestyle in the Chattanooga area.\n\n#### Twitter\n\nTweets by @NoogaNews\n\n#### Sections\n\n * Government\n * Business\n * Lifestyle\n * Entertainment\n * Opinion\n * Outdoors\n\n#### Legal & Contact\n\n * Contact\n * Advertise\n * Contribute\n * Letter to Editor\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2017 Nooga Media, LLC\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.concretenetwork.com/concrete/cleaning_concrete/equipment_options.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210613082216/https://www.concretenetwork.com/concrete/cleaning_concrete/equipment_options.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Pressure Wash Concrete Driveways & Patios", "passages": [ "Tips for power washing concrete driveways, sidewalks and patios, plus how to pick the best concrete pressure washer Updated October 15, 2020", "A concrete pressure washer is one of the best machines for cleaning concrete. It comes in handy for cleaning driveways, sidewalks and patios that are very dirty or have stubborn stains. You can rent or purchase a power washer and clean the concrete yourself, or higher a contractor who offers pressure washing services and has commercial grade equipment.", "If you're going to power wash your concrete yourself, make sure you know what you're getting into before you begin.", "Keep in mind that every concrete surface is different. Older concrete or concrete that has been stamped or stained may respond differently to the powerful stream of water. Test and check your results in a less visible spot before proceeding to clean the entire surface.", "To clean concrete effectively, use a power washer with a pressure rating of at least 3000 psi and a flow rate of at least 4 gallons per minute (gpm). Although higher pressures may be required to remove tough contaminants such as paint and heavy tire-skid marks, most power-washing contractors agree that 3000 psi will do the trick for almost all cleaning jobs.", "Once an adequate water pressure is established, flow rate determines the cleaning speed, especially how fast contaminants are flushed from the surface. Heavily soiled concrete, requires higher flow rates. Several contractors recommend a power washer with a volume output of 5 or 6 gpm. When cleaning vertical surfaces, higher flow rates are not as critical because gravity helps contaminants flow from the surface.", "Cleaning speed also can be increased by using a rotary nozzle instead of a standard fan nozzle. To produce a fan pattern, standard nozzles deflect the water on an angle, which slows the water down. Rotary nozzles spin an undeflected water jet in a circular path, so the water leaves the nozzle with greater speed.", "To improve cleaning speed on large flatwork areas, try a wheel-mounted power washer that resembles a lawn mower. Within the metal housing are nozzles mounted on spinning bars. Using a standard power-washing wand takes more time and is tiring. Using a walk-behind washer is more productive and easier on your body.", "Cold-water power washers are cheaper, lighter, and simpler to use than hot- water units, which require a heavy heating coil and burner system to heat the water. Whereas a cold-water unit may cost $2,000 and weigh 200 pounds, a comparable hot-water unit often will cost more than $3,000 and weigh more than 400 pounds.", "However, hot water cleans faster than cold water, and this rule holds true for power washing. Although cold-water units are suitable for removing dirt and often suffice for smaller, residential applications, most commercial power- washing contractors believe that using hot water is worth the added expense. The benefits of hot water are especially clear when cleaning oil and grease.", "Depending on the power-washing chemicals used and the contaminants removed from the concrete, water runoff may be prohibited from entering storm sewers. Municipal codes vary greatly depending on the location. Some regulations, for example, require all discharge to be hauled to a waste-disposal site. Check with the local Environmental Protection Agency office for information on disposal requirements.", "All power washers require routine maintenance because the high-pressure water wears out seals, O-rings, springs, and other components. But you can avoid excessive maintenance costs by following these operating tips:", "Don't run the power washer in bypass for more than a few minutes (the unit is running but the trigger is not depressed). The water circulates in a closed loop and heats up quickly. Most pumps have a thermal-relief valve, but if the valve fails, the pump can be damaged.", "Make sure the water source provides the volume of water needed by the pump. If it doesn't, the pump will suck in air, which can damage the pump. The first sign of air in the pump is a loss of pressure and a hammering noise." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Pressure Wash Concrete Driveways & Patios - The Concrete Network\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * About Us\n * Free Newsletters\n\n * Advertise With Us\n\n * Home\n\n## Research Decorative Concrete\n\nConcrete Network Home\n\n### Applications\n\n * Staining Concrete\n * Stamping Concrete\n * Concrete Overlays\n * Concrete Resurfacing\n * Concrete Polishing\n * Concrete Dyes\n * Colored Concrete\n\n### Indoor Concrete\n\n * Concrete Floors\n * Concrete Countertops\n * Garage Floor Coatings\n * Furniture, Sinks & Fire Bowls\n * Basement Floors\n\n### Outdoor Concrete\n\n * Concrete Patios\n * Concrete Driveways\n * Concrete Pool Decks\n * Outdoor Kitchens & Counters\n * Outdoor Fireplace\n * Concrete Walkways\n * Concrete Pavers\n * Concrete Walls\n\n### Repair & Maintenance\n\n * Foundation Repair\n * Concrete Crack Repair\n * Concrete Sealers\n\n### Building with Concrete\n\n * Concrete Homes\n * Concrete Basements\n * Decorative Concrete\n * Concrete Calculator\n\n * Find a Contractor\n\n### Concrete Contractors\n\n * Concrete Patio Contractors\n * Stamped Concrete Contractors\n * Concrete Staining Contractors\n * Concrete Countertop Contractors\n * Concrete Floor Contractors\n * Polished Concrete Contractors\n\n * Buy Concrete Products\n * Photo Gallery\n * Technical Information\n * Training & Events\n\nFind Products & Manufacturers\n\nFind Cleaners & Degreasers\n\nCleaning Concrete\n\n Concrete Cleaning Home\n Choosing a Concrete Cleaner or Degreaser\nHow to Clean Exterior Concrete\n\n Concrete Cleaning Chemicals\n Pressure Washing Concrete\n Cleaning and Sealing Exterior Concrete: A Guide to Maintaining and Caring for Exterior Decorative Concrete of all Types\n Tips for Maintaining Exterior Concrete\nHow to Clean Concrete\n\n How to Clean Concrete Floors\n How to Clean a Concrete Patio\n Cleaning a Concrete Driveway\n Cleaning Stamped Concrete\nHow to Clean Concrete Countertops\n\n How to Remove Stubborn Stains and Discoloration\n Advice on Cleaning Concrete Countertops, from Concrete-Countertops.org\nRelated Information:\n\n Concrete Sealers\n\n# How to Pressure Wash Concrete Patios, Driveways & More\n\nTips for power washing concrete driveways, sidewalks and patios, plus how to\npick the best concrete pressure washer Updated October 15, 2020\n\nSurface Koatings, Inc. in Mount Juliet, TN.\n\nA concrete pressure washer is one of the best machines for cleaning concrete.\nIt comes in handy for cleaning driveways, sidewalks and patios that are very\ndirty or have stubborn stains. You can rent or purchase a power washer and\nclean the concrete yourself, or higher a contractor who offers pressure\nwashing services and has commercial grade equipment.\n\n## TIPS FOR PRESSURE WASHING CONCRETE\n\nIf you're going to power wash your concrete yourself, make sure you know what\nyou're getting into before you begin.\n\nHere are some important tips:\n\n * Plan for at least 2-4 hours for this project\n * Dress in long pants and sturdy shoes\n * Some people also wear gloves and safety glasses\n * Apply a degreaser or concrete cleaner before power washing\n * Start at the highest point and work your way down\n * Keep the nozzle about 12\" from the surface, getting too close could cause damage\n * Use a steady, sweeping motion as you move back and forth across the concrete\n * Consider sealing the concrete after it has completely dried\n\nKeep in mind that every concrete surface is different. Older concrete or\nconcrete that has been stamped or stained may respond differently to the\npowerful stream of water. Test and check your results in a less visible spot\nbefore proceeding to clean the entire surface.\n\n## WHAT TYPE OF PRESSURE WASHER IS BEST FOR CLEANING CONCRETE?\n\nThere are many different pressure washer options to consider, including:\n\n * Small, light-duty units you attach to a garden hose\n * Big, commercial-grade machines\n * Various levels of pressure (PSI)\n * Gas and electric models\n * Wheel-mounted, walk-behind surface cleaners\n\nNeed professional help? Find contractors offering concrete cleaning services\nnear me.\n\n### What PSI pressure washer do I need to clean concrete?\n\nTo clean concrete effectively, use a power washer with a pressure rating of at\nleast 3000 psi and a flow rate of at least 4 gallons per minute (gpm).\nAlthough higher pressures may be required to remove tough contaminants such as\npaint and heavy tire-skid marks, most power-washing contractors agree that\n3000 psi will do the trick for almost all cleaning jobs.\n\n### Flow rate and nozzle type\n\nOnce an adequate water pressure is established, flow rate determines the\ncleaning speed, especially how fast contaminants are flushed from the surface.\nHeavily soiled concrete, requires higher flow rates. Several contractors\nrecommend a power washer with a volume output of 5 or 6 gpm. When cleaning\nvertical surfaces, higher flow rates are not as critical because gravity helps\ncontaminants flow from the surface.\n\nCleaning speed also can be increased by using a rotary nozzle instead of a\nstandard fan nozzle. To produce a fan pattern, standard nozzles deflect the\nwater on an angle, which slows the water down. Rotary nozzles spin an\nundeflected water jet in a circular path, so the water leaves the nozzle with\ngreater speed.\n\nFeatured Cleaning Products\n\nAll-Purpose Concrete Cleaner Removes sealers and coatings.\n\nCleaner & Degreaser Starting at $10.95\n\nMicro-Degreaser Non-acid cleaner for staining prep.\n\nEasy StripTM Wax Stripper Water base, low VOC, Biodegradable, easy cleanup\n\nCommercial Surface Cleaners Cuts through grease and grime. Environmentally\nfriendly\n\nKemiko Neutra Clean Low VOC All Purpose Cleaner. Leed compliant.\n\nWheel-mounted power-washing units increase cleaning speed on large horizontal\nsurfaces. Delco Cleaning Systems\n\n### Wheel-mounted cleaners vs. standard power-washing wands\n\nTo improve cleaning speed on large flatwork areas, try a wheel-mounted power\nwasher that resembles a lawn mower. Within the metal housing are nozzles\nmounted on spinning bars. Using a standard power-washing wand takes more time\nand is tiring. Using a walk-behind washer is more productive and easier on\nyour body.\n\n### Hot vs. cold water machines\n\nCold-water power washers are cheaper, lighter, and simpler to use than hot-\nwater units, which require a heavy heating coil and burner system to heat the\nwater. Whereas a cold-water unit may cost $2,000 and weigh 200 pounds, a\ncomparable hot-water unit often will cost more than $3,000 and weigh more than\n400 pounds.\n\nHowever, hot water cleans faster than cold water, and this rule holds true for\npower washing. Although cold-water units are suitable for removing dirt and\noften suffice for smaller, residential applications, most commercial power-\nwashing contractors believe that using hot water is worth the added expense.\nThe benefits of hot water are especially clear when cleaning oil and grease.\n\n## CLEANING CONCRETE DISPOSAL REQUIREMENTS\n\nDepending on the power-washing chemicals used and the contaminants removed\nfrom the concrete, water runoff may be prohibited from entering storm sewers.\nMunicipal codes vary greatly depending on the location. Some regulations, for\nexample, require all discharge to be hauled to a waste-disposal site. Check\nwith the local Environmental Protection Agency office for information on\ndisposal requirements.\n\n## AVOIDING EQUIPMENT BREAKDOWNS WHEN CLEANING\n\nAll power washers require routine maintenance because the high-pressure water\nwears out seals, O-rings, springs, and other components. But you can avoid\nexcessive maintenance costs by following these operating tips:\n\n * Never run the pressure washer without water. This will cause premature failure of the pump seals.\n\n * Don't run the power washer in bypass for more than a few minutes (the unit is running but the trigger is not depressed). The water circulates in a closed loop and heats up quickly. Most pumps have a thermal-relief valve, but if the valve fails, the pump can be damaged.\n\n * Make sure the water source provides the volume of water needed by the pump. If it doesn't, the pump will suck in air, which can damage the pump. The first sign of air in the pump is a loss of pressure and a hammering noise.\n\nFind Products & Manufacturers\n\nFind Concrete Cleaners\n\nFind A Contractor By City | More Cities >\n\nArlington, VA Atlanta, GA Baltimore, MD Boston, MA Chicago, IL\n\nDallas, TX Denver, CO Detroit, MI Fort Worth, TX Houston, TX\n\nIrvine, CA Long Island, NY Los Angeles, CA Miami, FL Minneapolis, MN\n\nNew Orleans, LA New York, NY Orlando, FL Philadelphia, PA Phoenix, AZ\n\nPittsburgh, PA Sacramento, CA Seattle, WA Tampa, FL Washington, DC\n\nAbout Us Contact us and view our privacy policy, terms & conditions, and press\nroom\n\nAdvertise Get Job LeadsSell Products\n\nFollow Us & Share\n\nCopyright 1999-2021 ConcreteNetwork.com - None of this site may be reproduced\nwithout written permission\n\nCONCRETE PRODUCTS\n\nIdeas and new product releases each month!\n\nWe will never sell or distribute your email to any other parties or\norganizations.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://gardenclub.homedepot.com/pressure-wash-your-driveway/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170118232428/http://gardenclub.homedepot.com/pressure-wash-your-driveway/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Pressure Wash Your Driveway", "passages": [ "Stains on concrete are not only unsightly, but can also weaken the surface of your driveway. For outdoor cleaning, a pressure washer is fast and efficient, and uses less water than a garden hose.", "Pressure washers are portable and can run on either electricity or gas. The engine powers a water pump, which is fed by a garden hose. The unit pressurizes the water so it comes out with greater force than a garden hose alone could muster.", "The cleaning power of a pressure washer is determined by combining its water pressure (measured in pounds per square inch, or PSI) with the amount of water used to clean a surface (measured by gallons per minute, or GPM). To calculate its cleaning power, or CP, multiply a pressure washer’s maximum PSI rating by its GPM flow (CP = PSI x GPM).", "That much pressure is designed to strip substances away from surfaces, so be careful when using a pressure washer. It can just as easily strip away a plant as a stain. Above all, never point the spray wand at a person as it could well cause injury.", "Clear the surface of your driveway of any loose material, particularly stone and dirt. If your driveway abuts any walls or doors, you may want to cover them with a tarp and some painters tape. That will protect the finish from accidents or flying debris. Take a few moments to determine which end of your drive is the highest and what direction water flows when it runs across the surface.", "Applying a degreaser will loosen stains in the concrete, allowing you to pressure it away. Some pressure washers have an attachment tool for applying degreaser. Otherwise, scrub the degreaser into the concrete with a stiff- bristled brush or push broom.", "If your pressure washer came with instructions, be sure to follow those as they will be specific to the model you’re using. Generally speaking, though, you’ll need to connect the spray wand to the washer using a pressure hose, and the washer to a water supply using a garden hose. Different nozzles are available for different purposes. For applying the detergent, use the low- pressure nozzle; for rinsing, use the high-pressure nozzle, but do not use the high-pressure nozzle on brick surfaces.", "It’s finally time to fire up the washer. Start at the higher end of the drive and work your way in the direction of water flow. Pointing the spray wand at the surface of the drive, depress the trigger and sweep the nozzle steadily back and forth across the concrete, overlapping each stroke by several inches. Once you’ve applied detergent to the entire surface, let it stand for a quarter of an hour or so. You may need to rewet it occasionally to make sure that it doesn’t dry out.", "After 15 minutes, switch to the high-pressure nozzle and set the pressure washer to its rinse mode. Repeat the sweeping pattern you used before, washing away the detergent and using the spray to lift any grime or stains you find. Make tighter sweeps to lift heavier stains. Be sure to rinse away all of the detergent.", "After the concrete has dried completely, apply a sealant to help ward off future stains. Using a roller with an extension poll, coat the surface of the driveway with a concrete sealant. Allow the surface to set a full day before using the driveway.", "Got questions about this article or any other garden topic? Go here now to post your gardening ideas, questions, kudos or complaints. We have gardening experts standing by to help you!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Pressure Wash Your Driveway | Garden Club\n\nHome > Garden Club > Garden Club Features > Pressure Wash Your Driveway\n\nBack to Top\n\n# Pressure Wash Your Driveway\n\nR. L. Rhodes\n\n * Tweet\n\nStains on concrete are not only unsightly, but can also weaken the surface of\nyour driveway. For outdoor cleaning, a pressure washer is fast and efficient,\nand uses less water than a garden hose.\n\nPressure washers are portable and can run on either electricity or gas. The\nengine powers a water pump, which is fed by a garden hose. The unit\npressurizes the water so it comes out with greater force than a garden hose\nalone could muster.\n\nThe cleaning power of a pressure washer is determined by combining its water\npressure (measured in pounds per square inch, or PSI) with the amount of water\nused to clean a surface (measured by gallons per minute, or GPM). To calculate\nits cleaning power, or CP, multiply a pressure washer’s maximum PSI rating by\nits GPM flow (CP = PSI x GPM).\n\nThat much pressure is designed to strip substances away from surfaces, so be\ncareful when using a pressure washer. It can just as easily strip away a plant\nas a stain. Above all, never point the spray wand at a person as it could well\ncause injury.\n\n### Skill level\n\n * Intermediate\n\n### Time required\n\n * 2-3 hours for cleaning and sealing, plus several days for drying and setting\n\n### Materials\n\n * Degreaser/cleaner\n * Tarp (optional)\n * Painter’s tape (optional)\n * Driveway sealant\n\n### Tools\n\n * Broom\n * Pressure washer (also available to rent)\n * Pressure washing-formulated detergent (check machine instructions)\n * Garden hose\n * Rubber boots, gloves and safety glasses (recommended)\n * Paint roller and extension pole\n\n### Instructions\n\n#### Step 1: Prepare the area\n\nClear the surface of your driveway of any loose material, particularly stone\nand dirt. If your driveway abuts any walls or doors, you may want to cover\nthem with a tarp and some painters tape. That will protect the finish from\naccidents or flying debris. Take a few moments to determine which end of your\ndrive is the highest and what direction water flows when it runs across the\nsurface.\n\n#### Step 2: Degrease the surface\n\nApplying a degreaser will loosen stains in the concrete, allowing you to\npressure it away. Some pressure washers have an attachment tool for applying\ndegreaser. Otherwise, scrub the degreaser into the concrete with a stiff-\nbristled brush or push broom.\n\n#### Step 3: Ready the pressure washer\n\nIf your pressure washer came with instructions, be sure to follow those as\nthey will be specific to the model you’re using. Generally speaking, though,\nyou’ll need to connect the spray wand to the washer using a pressure hose, and\nthe washer to a water supply using a garden hose. Different nozzles are\navailable for different purposes. For applying the detergent, use the low-\npressure nozzle; for rinsing, use the high-pressure nozzle, but do not use the\nhigh-pressure nozzle on brick surfaces.\n\n#### Step 4: Clean the concrete\n\nIt’s finally time to fire up the washer. Start at the higher end of the drive\nand work your way in the direction of water flow. Pointing the spray wand at\nthe surface of the drive, depress the trigger and sweep the nozzle steadily\nback and forth across the concrete, overlapping each stroke by several inches.\nOnce you’ve applied detergent to the entire surface, let it stand for a\nquarter of an hour or so. You may need to rewet it occasionally to make sure\nthat it doesn’t dry out.\n\n#### Step 5: Rinse the concrete\n\nAfter 15 minutes, switch to the high-pressure nozzle and set the pressure\nwasher to its rinse mode. Repeat the sweeping pattern you used before, washing\naway the detergent and using the spray to lift any grime or stains you find.\nMake tighter sweeps to lift heavier stains. Be sure to rinse away all of the\ndetergent.\n\n#### Step 6: Seal the concrete\n\nAfter the concrete has dried completely, apply a sealant to help ward off\nfuture stains. Using a roller with an extension poll, coat the surface of the\ndriveway with a concrete sealant. Allow the surface to set a full day before\nusing the driveway.\n\nGot questions about this article or any other garden topic? Go here now to\npost your gardening ideas, questions, kudos or complaints. We have gardening\nexperts standing by to help you!\n\nRELATED ARTICLES IN YARD & LANDSCAPING\n\n * Terra Cotta Storage Containers\n * How to Care for and Recycle a Living Christmas Tree\n * Protect and Preserve Your Patio\n * That's a Wrap! Protect Trees and Shrubs\n * Think Like a Designer: Plan for Spring\n\n * ### Get Personalized Tips\n\nYour region is N. California Coastal & Inland Valleys\n\nFind Local Tips\n\nNot Your Region? Enter your zip code below to find personalized tips or update\nyour preferences here.\n\n * ### Follow Home Depot\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.howtocleanthings.com:80/surfaces/how-to-clean-concrete/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170912224447/http://www.howtocleanthings.com:80/surfaces/how-to-clean-concrete/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Clean Concrete", "passages": [ "For something that is used so often in our everyday lives, the concrete we walk on is so seldomly noticed or given the attention it deserves. It sits there day after day making our lives nicer and easier and we have the audacity to neglect it. Damn us. We park our dirty, oily, nasty cars on it. We spread salt over it. We even have our little parties on it and allow our grills to drip hot grease all over it. And do we ever even say “thank you” to our concrete? Of course not. Because that’s the kind of people we are. Well, I say it’s time for a change.", "That’s right. But don’t be too hard on yourself. You’re not actually a bad person. The thing is, concrete gets dirty so gradually that it’s durn near impossible to even notice what’s going on. Usually, though, after you’ve put the effort into concrete cleaning, you will see the difference you’ve made, and it’ll be abundantly obvious just how dirty it was. Concrete is nothing more than water, aggregate (varying grades of rock, sand, and gravel), and Portland cement, which in the most basic of terms is what binds it all together. That being said, concrete is obviously porous, and those little pores like to collect dirt and grime, which is the main reason why concrete gets dingy lookin’. So, how do you give your concrete the love and respect it deserves? The answer (and the method) is simple. You clean it, and you do it safely and naturally.", "Prepare for concrete cleaning. The first thing you will want to do is to remove everything that might be in your way. Move cars, furniture, grills, any decorations, plants, etc. Once clear, grab a push broom and sweep the concrete. This will get any big chunks and help you avoid spraying things like nails and glass into the yard or street. Next, put a tarp over any delicate plants and anything else that might get damaged from spray. Finally, cover any electrical cords and outlets. Water + electricity = death.", "Make your own simple concrete cleaner. In a 5-gallon bucket, mix (according to package instructions) some good ol’ oxygen bleach with some hot water. Once the solution is ready, pour it into a tank sprayer and get to work. Spray the heck out of your entire slab of concrete. Go over each section thoroughly and spray enough on so it won’t dry right away. Once everything is properly coated, sit back and wait for about twenty minutes to let the oxygen bleach do its thing.", "Time for some scrubbing action. By far the best way to do this is either with a long handled brush or a push broom. The more you scrub, the better. Make sure, if you’re in the garage, to get the corners really well. Debris and grime have a tendency to build up there. Give every last bit of concrete your utmost attention and take your time doing it. If you don’t clean evenly, the concrete may look patchy when you’re done.", "If you don’t already have one, borrow or rent a pressure washer. This will make a world of difference. To clean concrete, you want a pressure washer that throws at least 4 gallons per minute at 3000psi. This amount of force will be more than adequate. Adjust the nozzle to a fan rather than a stream, and sweep the spray back and forth slowly over the entire surface. Keep the end of the nozzle one to two feet away from the concrete. Again, make sure you clean evenly so you don’t end up with varying levels of cleanliness. All you need in your pressure washer is hot water.", "Spot-cleaning concrete. If a complete cleaning is not necessary, there are a couple good ways to clean concrete stains. If the spill is fresh, dump a pile of kitty litter (which you can get from Amazon)over the mess and allow it to sit overnight and soak up the offending goo. If it’s an automotive spill, contact your solid waste department for proper disposal methods. If the concrete stain has been there for awhile, fill a bucket with hot water and mix in the proper amount of oxygen bleach, grab a scrub brush, and go to town. Depending on the stain, you might need to do this more than once. A solution of hot water and laundry detergent works well, too. Never use a brush with steel bristles. Chunks of the brush can break off and cause rust stains.", "You’re done for the day, so grab a beer. The only thing left to do now is watch it dry. To speed things up a bit, use a push squeegee to get as much of the water off as possible. If you plan to apply a concrete sealant, you will probably want to wait a couple of days to make sure it’s properly dried before slathering it on. Concrete sealant is a good idea. It helps to protect your concrete from water erosion and the harm caused by cycles of freezing and thawing. At the upper right corner of this page, you will find some suggestions for environmentally friendly concrete sealants.", "We have learned over the years that just because that’s the way Grandpa did it doesn’t mean it’s right. Or, for that matter, safe. Wander into Gramp’s garage, check out his shelves, and you’ll be sure to find containers of TSP (trisodium phosphate), bottles of chlorine bleach, and more than likely a bottle or two of muriatic acid. These are the things he used to clean cement. It’s a wonder the old guy made it as long as he did.", "TSP, as we all don’t know but sure as hell should, is a very strong base that, if you come into direct contact with, can cause fun things like skin burns, blisters, coughing, sore throat, and red burning eyes. I don’t even want to mention what can happen if you accidentally ingest it. It’s also tough on the environment. The addition of phosphates from TSP in water can cause monster algae blooms that suck all the oxygen out of the water and kill fish. It also blocks sunlight and can be damaging to aquatic vegetation.", "Chlorine bleach, aside from being a known cause of ozone depletion, irritates mucous membranes, can cause eye and skin irritation, and is hard on the lungs, especially if you suffer from any form of breathing difficulty.", "Muriatic acid (a.k.a. hydrochloric acid) is probably the most common chemical for cleaning cement. According to the EPA, it is corrosive to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It can also cause coughing, hoarseness, chest pains, corrosion of the esophagus, vomiting, and diarrhea. Along with all that, hydrochloric acid is a component of acid rain.", "Cure and Seal by Natural Soy Products is designed to be used with freshly worked concrete to retain the hydration water. It can also be applied to exposed surfaces to repel water. It’s made from soy beans and is safe for concrete or wood.", "Soy Seal is another sealant good for waterproofing concrete and wood. As it is made from soy, it is biodegradable and non-toxic. It is sprayable, cleans easily, and each application lasts for over a year.", "Earthpaint E-Coat Sealer is an environmentally friendly, non-toxic, commercial-grade sealant for concrete floors, masonry, siding, plasters, pavers, and more. It is an acrylic resin with citrus solvent.", "I don’t think so Shona. Sounds like they didn’t do that good of a job mixing the color into the sealer and you ended up with spot with too much tint. Even if you lighten it up a bit it will still look off compared to the rest of the driveway. The only real fix would be to strip an entire section and have it resealed as close to the same color as before.", "Is there any home remedy I can use on a section of my exposed aggregate drive where tinted sealant was used and has gone too dark. The rest of the drives colour is ok. Am a bit worried about using a solvent in case I make things worse. Can’t afford to spend any more on so called professionals Thanks", "It should be about the same for the benches. Chlorine bleach will just be rough on you when working with it so be careful.", "thanks for the information. you mention big areas like driveways, but what about concrete (outdoor) benches? i live in thailand but i assume the ingredients in the benches are comparable to those used in the west. i’m not sure i can find oxygen based bleach. would the chlorine based bleach damage the bench? we’re really talking about a small project so i wouldn’t be pouring loads of chlorine into the environment.", "It seems to me that pressure washing takes too much time and only spreads the stains on my concrete. I would suggest trying EXIMO, it’s magic! And it’s a waterless concrete cleaner so it isn’t messy or anything", "Emal, did you try the kitty litter trick that I mention in the article? I’d give that a shot. Since it’s oil/grease you’re trying to clean up, I’d go over it with a warm soapy (dish soap) mixture and a scrub brush.", "I have concrete driveway my dad serviced his car spilt oil he used a rag it’s got a horrible stain plus I tried power wash it but it uses a lot of water to clean it can I use bleach hot water than pressure wash it or what best for the porch tiles to clean", "Kate, every store sells different brands, so it’s hard to say exactly. I’d just find the one with the stiffest possible plastic bristles.", "I found your how-to well-written, thorough, and not-too-serious! I am a 64 year old disabled woman who needs to clean her small concrete patio. A pressure washer is too much for me to handle and it is too small a job for a handyman. What kind of brush broom should I get to do the job? The more specific the better...", "Maureen, why would you have to dump it anywhere? Are you cleaning with a bucket and a scrub brush? Also, don’t use regular chlorine bleach. Bad stuff. Use oxygen bleach and you can dump it wherever your heart desires.", "But where do I dump the bleach and dog poop and urine traces that are in the water I used to clean outdoor cement? I have a few rescued dogs, must pick up poop daily and must clean concrete two to three times a week. Thank you for any information you can give me regarding this.", "I am new to Florida and have a very long, double-wide, cement driveway. At 2-3 hours a day, it takes a couple of weeks to clean with a pressure washer. It’s like using a toothbrush! Then once done, it’s only a few months before I need to do it again. Any advice?", "Melissa, I think I’d first go over it with dish soap and hot water (using the same scrubbing method found in Step 3). After washing, scrubbing, and rinsing, let it dry and see how you did. If a little extra is needed, yeah, go for the oxygen bleach (And yup, Oxyclean is a brand of oxygen bleach!).", "My husband accidentally turned a used vegetable oil spill on our driveway into a huge mess by spraying it down the length of our driveway and then the dogs and family tracked through the water with paws and feet and bikes, etc so the driveway is a giant mess! Will this method really clean those vegetable oil stains off? Also...what is oxygen bleach? Is that Oxyclean? (please excuse my ignorance!) Any advice would be greatly appreciated as our local Home Depot just recommended really harsh chemicals.", "Carol, it hasn’t been banned (though it should be) but the stuff available today is not as strong as it used to be. Nasty stuff.", "I didn’t know TSP had been banned. I have a small tub, about the size of a small cottage cheese container, in my garage. It’s been there for years.", "What about cleaning off paint stains from concrete? Is that possible, or do I have to cover over them with something?" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Clean Concrete - How to Clean Things\n\nHome » Surfaces » How to Clean Concrete\n\n# How to Clean Concrete\n\nModified on September 8, 2016\n\nFor something that is used so often in our everyday lives, the concrete we\nwalk on is so seldomly noticed or given the attention it deserves. It sits\nthere day after day making our lives nicer and easier and we have the audacity\nto neglect it. Damn us. We park our dirty, oily, nasty cars on it. We spread\nsalt over it. We even have our little parties on it and allow our grills to\ndrip hot grease all over it. And do we ever even say “thank you” to our\nconcrete? Of course not. Because that’s the kind of people we are. Well, I say\nit’s time for a change.\n\nThat’s right. But don’t be too hard on yourself. You’re not actually a bad\nperson. The thing is, concrete gets dirty so gradually that it’s durn near\nimpossible to even notice what’s going on. Usually, though, after you’ve put\nthe effort into concrete cleaning, you will see the difference you’ve made,\nand it’ll be abundantly obvious just how dirty it was. Concrete is nothing\nmore than water, aggregate (varying grades of rock, sand, and gravel), and\nPortland cement, which in the most basic of terms is what binds it all\ntogether. That being said, concrete is obviously porous, and those little\npores like to collect dirt and grime, which is the main reason why concrete\ngets dingy lookin’. So, how do you give your concrete the love and respect it\ndeserves? The answer (and the method) is simple. You clean it, and you do it\nsafely and naturally.\n\n## Natural Concrete Cleaning\n\n 1. Prepare for concrete cleaning. The first thing you will want to do is to remove everything that might be in your way. Move cars, furniture, grills, any decorations, plants, etc. Once clear, grab a push broom and sweep the concrete. This will get any big chunks and help you avoid spraying things like nails and glass into the yard or street. Next, put a tarp over any delicate plants and anything else that might get damaged from spray. Finally, cover any electrical cords and outlets. Water + electricity = death.\n 2. Make your own simple concrete cleaner. In a 5-gallon bucket, mix (according to package instructions) some good ol’ oxygen bleach with some hot water. Once the solution is ready, pour it into a tank sprayer and get to work. Spray the heck out of your entire slab of concrete. Go over each section thoroughly and spray enough on so it won’t dry right away. Once everything is properly coated, sit back and wait for about twenty minutes to let the oxygen bleach do its thing.\n 3. Time for some scrubbing action. By far the best way to do this is either with a long handled brush or a push broom. The more you scrub, the better. Make sure, if you’re in the garage, to get the corners really well. Debris and grime have a tendency to build up there. Give every last bit of concrete your utmost attention and take your time doing it. If you don’t clean evenly, the concrete may look patchy when you’re done.\n 4. If you don’t already have one, borrow or rent a pressure washer. This will make a world of difference. To clean concrete, you want a pressure washer that throws at least 4 gallons per minute at 3000psi. This amount of force will be more than adequate. Adjust the nozzle to a fan rather than a stream, and sweep the spray back and forth slowly over the entire surface. Keep the end of the nozzle one to two feet away from the concrete. Again, make sure you clean evenly so you don’t end up with varying levels of cleanliness. All you need in your pressure washer is hot water.\n 5. Spot-cleaning concrete. If a complete cleaning is not necessary, there are a couple good ways to clean concrete stains. If the spill is fresh, dump a pile of kitty litter (which you can get from Amazon)over the mess and allow it to sit overnight and soak up the offending goo. If it’s an automotive spill, contact your solid waste department for proper disposal methods. If the concrete stain has been there for awhile, fill a bucket with hot water and mix in the proper amount of oxygen bleach, grab a scrub brush, and go to town. Depending on the stain, you might need to do this more than once. A solution of hot water and laundry detergent works well, too. Never use a brush with steel bristles. Chunks of the brush can break off and cause rust stains.\n 6. You’re done for the day, so grab a beer. The only thing left to do now is watch it dry. To speed things up a bit, use a push squeegee to get as much of the water off as possible. If you plan to apply a concrete sealant, you will probably want to wait a couple of days to make sure it’s properly dried before slathering it on. Concrete sealant is a good idea. It helps to protect your concrete from water erosion and the harm caused by cycles of freezing and thawing. At the upper right corner of this page, you will find some suggestions for environmentally friendly concrete sealants.\n\n## Dangers of Conventional Concrete Cleaners\n\nWe have learned over the years that just because that’s the way Grandpa did it\ndoesn’t mean it’s right. Or, for that matter, safe. Wander into Gramp’s\ngarage, check out his shelves, and you’ll be sure to find containers of TSP\n(trisodium phosphate), bottles of chlorine bleach, and more than likely a\nbottle or two of muriatic acid. These are the things he used to clean cement.\nIt’s a wonder the old guy made it as long as he did.\n\n * TSP, as we all don’t know but sure as hell should, is a very strong base that, if you come into direct contact with, can cause fun things like skin burns, blisters, coughing, sore throat, and red burning eyes. I don’t even want to mention what can happen if you accidentally ingest it. It’s also tough on the environment. The addition of phosphates from TSP in water can cause monster algae blooms that suck all the oxygen out of the water and kill fish. It also blocks sunlight and can be damaging to aquatic vegetation.\n * Chlorine bleach, aside from being a known cause of ozone depletion, irritates mucous membranes, can cause eye and skin irritation, and is hard on the lungs, especially if you suffer from any form of breathing difficulty.\n * Muriatic acid (a.k.a. hydrochloric acid) is probably the most common chemical for cleaning cement. According to the EPA, it is corrosive to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It can also cause coughing, hoarseness, chest pains, corrosion of the esophagus, vomiting, and diarrhea. Along with all that, hydrochloric acid is a component of acid rain.\n\n## Environmentally Friendly Concrete Sealants\n\nCure and Seal by Natural Soy Products is designed to be used with freshly\nworked concrete to retain the hydration water. It can also be applied to\nexposed surfaces to repel water. It’s made from soy beans and is safe for\nconcrete or wood.\n\nSoy Seal is another sealant good for waterproofing concrete and wood. As it is\nmade from soy, it is biodegradable and non-toxic. It is sprayable, cleans\neasily, and each application lasts for over a year.\n\nEarthpaint E-Coat Sealer is an environmentally friendly, non-toxic,\ncommercial-grade sealant for concrete floors, masonry, siding, plasters,\npavers, and more. It is an acrylic resin with citrus solvent.\n\n### Author\n\nEric D. Ronning\n\nContent Director\n\n### Share this article!\n\n### Related Articles:\n\n * How to Clean Stone\n * How to Clean Porcelain Sinks\n * How to Clean Limestone\n * How to Clean Steel\n * How to Clean Marble\n\n## 22 thoughts on “How to Clean Concrete”\n\n * Keith Johnson says:\n\nApril 3, 2017 at 11:34 pm\n\nI don’t think so Shona. Sounds like they didn’t do that good of a job mixing\nthe color into the sealer and you ended up with spot with too much tint. Even\nif you lighten it up a bit it will still look off compared to the rest of the\ndriveway. The only real fix would be to strip an entire section and have it\nresealed as close to the same color as before.\n\n * Shona says:\n\nMarch 27, 2017 at 3:21 am\n\nIs there any home remedy I can use on a section of my exposed aggregate drive\nwhere tinted sealant was used and has gone too dark. The rest of the drives\ncolour is ok. Am a bit worried about using a solvent in case I make things\nworse. Can’t afford to spend any more on so called professionals Thanks\n\n * Keith Johnson says:\n\nJanuary 26, 2017 at 3:16 am\n\nIt should be about the same for the benches. Chlorine bleach will just be\nrough on you when working with it so be careful.\n\n * David says:\n\nJanuary 21, 2017 at 7:08 pm\n\nthanks for the information. you mention big areas like driveways, but what\nabout concrete (outdoor) benches? i live in thailand but i assume the\ningredients in the benches are comparable to those used in the west. i’m not\nsure i can find oxygen based bleach. would the chlorine based bleach damage\nthe bench? we’re really talking about a small project so i wouldn’t be pouring\nloads of chlorine into the environment.\n\n * Pingback: How to Clean Cement – Laboure College\n\n * Geoff says:\n\nAugust 11, 2016 at 7:03 pm\n\nIt seems to me that pressure washing takes too much time and only spreads the\nstains on my concrete. I would suggest trying EXIMO, it’s magic! And it’s a\nwaterless concrete cleaner so it isn’t messy or anything\n\n * Eric D. Ronning says:\n\nJuly 11, 2016 at 3:47 pm\n\nEmal, did you try the kitty litter trick that I mention in the article? I’d\ngive that a shot. Since it’s oil/grease you’re trying to clean up, I’d go over\nit with a warm soapy (dish soap) mixture and a scrub brush.\n\nWhat’s wrong with the porch tiles?\n\n * Emal says:\n\nJune 29, 2016 at 10:58 pm\n\nI have concrete driveway my dad serviced his car spilt oil he used a rag it’s\ngot a horrible stain plus I tried power wash it but it uses a lot of water to\nclean it can I use bleach hot water than pressure wash it or what best for the\nporch tiles to clean\n\n * Eric D. Ronning says:\n\nMay 25, 2016 at 5:03 pm\n\nKate, every store sells different brands, so it’s hard to say exactly. I’d\njust find the one with the stiffest possible plastic bristles.\n\n * Kate says:\n\nMay 24, 2016 at 8:21 pm\n\nHi Eric-\n\nI found your how-to well-written, thorough, and not-too-serious! I am a 64\nyear old disabled woman who needs to clean her small concrete patio. A\npressure washer is too much for me to handle and it is too small a job for a\nhandyman. What kind of brush broom should I get to do the job? The more\nspecific the better...\n\nThanks!\n\n * Eric D. Ronning says:\n\nApril 28, 2016 at 3:57 pm\n\nMaureen, why would you have to dump it anywhere? Are you cleaning with a\nbucket and a scrub brush? Also, don’t use regular chlorine bleach. Bad stuff.\nUse oxygen bleach and you can dump it wherever your heart desires.\n\n * Maureen Nolan says:\n\nApril 27, 2016 at 10:11 pm\n\nBut where do I dump the bleach and dog poop and urine traces that are in the\nwater I used to clean outdoor cement? I have a few rescued dogs, must pick up\npoop daily and must clean concrete two to three times a week. Thank you for\nany information you can give me regarding this.\n\n * Eric D. Ronning says:\n\nJanuary 12, 2016 at 7:40 pm\n\nNancy, have you considered getting the driveway sealed?\n\n * Nancy says:\n\nJanuary 10, 2016 at 6:13 pm\n\nI am new to Florida and have a very long, double-wide, cement driveway. At 2-3\nhours a day, it takes a couple of weeks to clean with a pressure washer. It’s\nlike using a toothbrush! Then once done, it’s only a few months before I need\nto do it again. Any advice?\n\n * Eric D. Ronning says:\n\nOctober 12, 2015 at 3:45 pm\n\nMelissa, I think I’d first go over it with dish soap and hot water (using the\nsame scrubbing method found in Step 3). After washing, scrubbing, and rinsing,\nlet it dry and see how you did. If a little extra is needed, yeah, go for the\noxygen bleach (And yup, Oxyclean is a brand of oxygen bleach!).\n\n * Melissa Hill says:\n\nOctober 5, 2015 at 3:27 pm\n\nMy husband accidentally turned a used vegetable oil spill on our driveway into\na huge mess by spraying it down the length of our driveway and then the dogs\nand family tracked through the water with paws and feet and bikes, etc so the\ndriveway is a giant mess! Will this method really clean those vegetable oil\nstains off? Also...what is oxygen bleach? Is that Oxyclean? (please excuse my\nignorance!) Any advice would be greatly appreciated as our local Home Depot\njust recommended really harsh chemicals.\n\n * Eric D. Ronning says:\n\nSeptember 1, 2015 at 1:00 pm\n\nCarol, it hasn’t been banned (though it should be) but the stuff available\ntoday is not as strong as it used to be. Nasty stuff.\n\n * Carol says:\n\nAugust 30, 2015 at 6:14 am\n\nI didn’t know TSP had been banned. I have a small tub, about the size of a\nsmall cottage cheese container, in my garage. It’s been there for years.\n\n * Eric D. Ronning says:\n\nAugust 27, 2015 at 8:23 pm\n\nBill, have you tried paint thinner on it?\n\n * bill says:\n\nAugust 22, 2015 at 5:01 pm\n\nWhat about cleaning off paint stains from concrete? Is that possible, or do I\nhave to cover over them with something?\n\n * Eric D. Ronning says:\n\nAugust 12, 2015 at 1:58 pm\n\nYes. I’m sure. TSP is TSP is Trisodium Phosphate. Nasty stuff.\n\n * Wes Amerman says:\n\nAugust 9, 2015 at 6:54 pm\n\nGeesh, are you really sure about the “TSP”?\n\nThe old tri-sodium-phosphate hasn’t been available for decades, for the\nreasons you note.\n\nThe TSP brand is just another detergent cleaner.\n\n### Write a Reply or Comment Cancel reply\n\n© 2017 How to Clean ThingsTM\n\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.installitdirect.com:80/blog/concrete-stain-removal", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161204095717/http://www.installitdirect.com:80/blog/concrete-stain-removal", "parsed_text": { "title": "Concrete Stain Removal: How To Remove Common Stains", "passages": [ "If you entertain outdoors or just use your house like the average person does, making a mess on the concrete is a fact of life whether nature, your guests or you are responsible.", "3. Spot test whatever you do on a small, hidden area of your concrete to make sure no further damage will be created by any of these methods.", "6. Be careful using bleach or other chemicals on colored or stained concrete as it can discolor. Concrete is often colored in shades of grey so check to make sure yours isn’t.", "Add a few drops of tea tree oil and glycerin (can be purchased at a drugstore) to a few quarts of water in a bucket.", "Alternatively, after rinsing or blotting the initial spill, apply a 1:1 ratio of water to white vinegar and scrub with a sponge soaked with water and dish soap.", "They’re so pretty, but moving potted plants around often leaves behind a stain from water getting trapped beneath the pot.", "Lastly, if this fails, try trisodium phosphate which can be bought at a hardware store, however, keep kids and pets away from it.", "For larger areas, homeowners report success eliminating algae by attaching a liquid fertilizer delivery device to the end of a garden hose and filling it with pool chlorine.", "You let the dog out first in the morning and trip over the door sill– launching coffee all over the concrete patio.", "Coffee is tannic, like wine, so use a 1:4 ration of glycerin to water on a sponge to scrub and remove it.", "If you live in an area where it snows, instead of using commercial salt to melt the snow in your walkways and driveways, use baking soda.", "Scrub a mixture of dish soap and water on to the stain and rinse it off using high pressure from hose.", "Fortunately, most pet stores carry safe, enzymatic urine removal products and if you have a pet, it’s wise to keep some on hand to tackle urine stains and odor.", "Odor can be further reduced by an application of distilled white vinegar, however, the pet store products are most effective.", "The person who tossed that cigarette butt on to your concrete had better have brought washing soda as a hostess gift.", "You can buy washing soda (it’s different than baking soda) or turn your baking soda into washing soda by sprinkling some onto a half-sheet pan (or similar) and bake it at 400 degrees until it loses luster and becomes grainy.", "The other reason why keeping liquid from absorbing into concrete is important because it puts stress on the concrete, leading to cracking.", "Katie writes La Jolla Mom, a lifestyle site focused on parenting, luxury travel, cooking with kids, home management and local happenings. When not traveling, she lives in the seaside community of La Jolla, CA with her 5-year- old fashionista, dog, and husband. Follow Katie on Twitter, Pinterest and Google +.", "I have stained concrete in my bedroom and my shower pan leaked in my bathroom. The moisture seeped up through the concrete in my bedroom a little. How can get the white moisture/water stains up?", "I had newly poured concrete and that evening someone spilled champange On it. They rinsed it off but in the morning there were stains all I over. Will a colored stain cover these Marks?", "I have a bag of salt for melting ice that leaked All over my garage for due to extreme heat and I don’t know how to properly remove it.", "Your article was really informative. My concrete patio has a faux flagstone finish in a light tan. Really heavy leaf drop is a problem I can’t correct as the tree is on common ground. The sprinkler system waters the patio heavily in areas of the leaf drop, causing rust looking stains. Dish detergent and water have helped, but large areas remain stained. Can your suggestions above be used on a faux finish? I really appreciate your response, as the expense of the faux finish was significant for a senior on a fixed income. Thanks!", "My side walk concrete is discolored. The area is in a very shaded spot. And it gets very little sun. I cant say it is mildew. The spots appear to be very dark. Can you tell me what to use to get the concrete looking good. The side walk is about 7 years old, otherwise in great condition with no breaks.", "my contractor over spilt some cement on the new driveway they just laid, and now it does not match the new cement. how can we remove the overage as the color is different as is the finish. thanks.", "I hope you can help me Katie. I spilled bleach on my new patio and it turned dark. Did the bleach take off the natural finish of the concrete block? What do you suggest I can do?", "please help! tape from an outdoor carpet is stuck on my pavers what do I do to remove it? thank you", "After removing rust stains on my patio from metal patio furniture I am left with darker areas where the CLR product washed the concrete. Is there any way to lighten these areas?", "we stained our deck and have red-stain drips and a big blob on our concrete pavers....do you know what we could use to get rid of the stains?", "I beed to find a safe way to remove new concrete slopped on old concrete sidewalk.the concrete company was careless in pouring a new concrete sidewalk.", "Hi, We bought a home in SW Florida. The driveway pavers are stained a rusty brown. We found out that the water from the irrigation system has high tannin levels and low iron levels. Do you know what I could use to clean this? I suspect that the stains have been there a long time as the previous owner did not clean them. Thank you. Coleen F.", "I have a hard surface cleaning company Today I was asked to remove stains on a driveway from the Magnolia tree berries I had minimal success , I started with my tile and grout cleaner and agitation with my grout brush. It lighten slightly but did not break it down, It looks kind of like rust, Do the berries contain iron? I even tried wd 40 on a spot. I have a water extraction unit which can product 200+ hot water and 200 psi or more. I want to find someting that will react to the stain itself and break it down so the extraction will be more effective I have probably 100 stains or more", "I’m going to build a 15 by 25 patio area lakeside at our Lake of the Ozark home. I want to place a portable fire pit there most of the year. In late fall I want to remove that and use the area to burn a great amount of oak leaves we have to deal with. If I have it stained and stamped will the burn residue be removable with a pressure washer?", "My very orange soil is soaking up through my patio and creating dull orange spots all over it. The patio is 5 years old and this is coming up through from underneath rather than from above.", "Yes...we have actual stain on our concrete porch from staining logs on our home. What would be the best solution?", "I have been told to clean my pavers which there is a lot with 1 part chlorine and 10 parts water and broom on wait for 1 hr and hose off. Is this correct and save and will it strip any sealer I have previously put on 6 weeks ago.", "Hi! I work in a restaurant as a nighttime cleaner and we have an outdoor concrete floor with concrete tiles. Some of the workers there spilled vinegar into the floor and its hard to come off. The concrete color is orange and i used bleach soap water(hose) and scrubing machine for floor but the stain didnt come of any help please? Shoul i let the bleach soak up for a few minutes, if so how long? And will bleach discolor the concrete?", "Yes! I dripped big spots of Miricle Grow Bloom booster on our garage floor and it left big like bleached spots, so I poured white vinigar on it and it made a bigger mess! Is there anything I can do to straighten up this mess?", "I stained my concrete patio, then used a sealant-wet look and let it dry for 3 days.....as soon as it got foot traffic, it retained all the dusty footprints! I don’t want to be constantly washing my patio...even then, if I wash it, once it dries it has white (dirty) dull spots. if I could post pics I would love to!! help!", "Katie Have you ever tried to remove dried-in birdlime (the black stain, not the white) from porous concrete paving and swimpool edging? I do not want to use bleach if possible as the pool is near a stream and a wildlife pond..", "We used the vinegar and water method to remove a hard water station on our grey concrete. Now, we have a white stain from the vinegar. Any thoughts on how to reverse the whitening to make the concrete evenly grey again?", "Yes I unfortunately had some dog poo stains on my new concrete around our new pool & decided to pour distilled white vinegar on it. Well that was dumb! I now have white splatter stains everywhere from pouring onto concrete! Please any advice on how to remove????", "Note: These ranges are simply Ball-Park Figures and can vary up or down depending on many factors. There may be additional discounts which your design consultant can review with you upon your Free At-Home Estimate.", "\"We can’t say enough about the CARE and ATTENTION TO DETAIL of the installers with INSTALL-IT-DIRECT. It takes precision and that’s exactly what we received.\" — Howard, San Diego, CA", "Left our home a SHOW-CASE for the neighborhood. A lot of people drove by “drooling” at our home. Our designer / sales lead, Rubens Handel, was very knowledgeable of the work at hand. He evaluated our “dream-list” for our front lawn. Originally we were looking to install artificial turf due to the lack of grass (mostly weeds and dead ground cover) we tried to grow in the front lawn. He discussed some options with us, then began to enhance things by adding brick pavers around the lawn to add more details; then discussions of changing out our old concrete driveway with pavers, then adding garden paths to assist with our rose gargens. He answered all our questions; plus his experience as an installer too helped him relate to anything we asked about the job at hand. It was very conforting to know and understand everything due to his experience and demonstrating it with drawings and walking around our yard making specific inputs and updates of our potential yard upgrade. This type of landscaping work is not cheap. Other quotes we investigated for artificial turf was about $10.00 / square foot. Plus pavers are a costly job too. It takes a lot of work to prepare the area for pavers. Make sure to ask your sales lead everything and anything about the job BEFORE any paperwork is formed and approved. Our front yard is about 1800 square feet; so you can estimate the cost by adding a ZERO to the area’s square footage on the costs. Be mindul of this point. Mr. Rubens Handel call handle the questions you have, and help you create a dream home. It took about 7-days to complete everything: from start to finish. Removal of driveway, old lawn/dirt, prepare the area for pavers; ground cover / anti- weed mat installation; compacting and installation of paver driveway, front porch, walkway paths to the gardens on each side of the lawn. Then installation of the artificial turf was last...ground preps and leavelling the area to allow any rain water to flow out correctly from the yard Then the installation team added small finishing touches to the gardens with paver surrounds and garden boxes. When you contact INSTALL-IT-DIRECT, ask for Mr. Rubens Handel to help you with a quote for any type of landscaping work to enhance your homes curb appeal. He has the skills and experience to help you discuss a well rounded job; and help make the neighbors envious of your beautiful home!!\" — Geoffrey Strang, Spring Valley, Ca", "went with a Brand Named Company for the back Patio and went with Install-It- Direct for the driveway. I saw the same crew working on both projects, and noticed that they had different shirts on the second time around. Did the same crew really install both jobs?", "Yes, the same crew did both projects. The only difference between the two projects was that the homeowner saved a lot of money the second go around by educating himself and selecting Install It Direct to complete his project. He also ended up with a much better design, as all of our consultants are Professional Designers as opposed to \"Salespeople\" looking for a BIG commission check.", "Based on a typical 1,000sqft \"square driveway (residential),\" you are looking at an estimated range of $9,900-$13,900; however, this can vary, depending on the following factors:", "Yes, the prices do vary depending on which manufacturer you choose. Angelus/Orco would be the least expensive, followed by Ackerstone/Olsen, then Belgard.", "Yes, the prices do vary depending on which paver type you choose. Non-Tumbled would be the least expensive, followed by Tumbled, then Slate Top.", "No, sealer is optional. There are various types of sealers, including: joint stabilizer sealer, color enhancer sealer, wet look sealer, etc.; however, the most popular sealer is the joint stabilizer sealer. This particular sealer locks in the joints to help prevent weeds or any other growth from occurring between the pavers. It also helps with inhibiting staining, however, it does not eliminate all stains.", "went with a Brand Named Company for the back Patio and went with Install-It- Direct for the driveway. I saw the same crew working on both projects, and noticed that they had different shirts on the second time around. Did the same crew really install both jobs?", "Yes, the same crew did both projects. The only difference between the two projects was that the homeowner saved a lot of money the second go around by educating himself and selecting Install It Direct to complete his project. He also ended up with a much better design, as all of our consultants are Professional Designers as opposed to \"Salespeople\" looking for a BIG commission check.", "Based on a typical 1,000sqft \"square driveway (residential),\" you are looking at an estimated range of $9,900-$13,900; however, this can vary, depending on the following factors:", "Yes, the prices do vary depending on which manufacturer you choose. Angelus/Orco would be the least expensive, followed by Ackerstone/Olsen, then Belgard.", "Yes, the prices do vary depending on which paver type you choose. Non-Tumbled would be the least expensive, followed by Tumbled, then Slate Top.", "No, sealer is optional. There are various types of sealers, including: joint stabilizer sealer, color enhancer sealer, wet look sealer, etc.; however, the most popular sealer is the joint stabilizer sealer. This particular sealer locks in the joints to help prevent weeds or any other growth from occurring between the pavers. It also helps with inhibiting staining, however, it does not eliminate all stains." ] }, "parsed_md": "Concrete Stain Removal: How To Remove Common Stains | INSTALL-IT-DIRECT\n\n# Concrete Stain Removal: How to Remove 15 Common Outdoor Stains\n\n##### by Katie Dillon\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Google+\n\n * Pinterest\n\nEven the most well-maintained concrete slab patios, driveways and garage\nfloors suffer the accidental stain.\n\nIf you entertain outdoors or just use your house like the average person does,\nmaking a mess on the concrete is a fact of life whether nature, your guests or\nyou are responsible.\n\nTake a deep breath and don’t stress.\n\nWe’ve identified the most common household concrete stains and removal methods\nto try before turning to more drastic measures.\n\n### Before You Begin\n\n1\\. Don’t scrub concrete with a wire brush as it can scrape it.\n\n2\\. Be mindful of rinsing oil and other chemical stains into plants and other\nsensitive areas.\n\n3\\. Spot test whatever you do on a small, hidden area of your concrete to make\nsure no further damage will be created by any of these methods.\n\n4\\. Think about wearing protective clothing and gloves, depending on which\nmethod you choose.\n\n5\\. Concrete countertops require extra precautions, so consult your\nmanufacturer prior to using any of these stain removal tips.\n\n6\\. Be careful using bleach or other chemicals on colored or stained concrete\nas it can discolor. Concrete is often colored in shades of grey so check to\nmake sure yours isn’t.\n\n### 1\\. Red Wine\n\nIf the spill is caught early, blot or wash it into a drain right away.\n\nAdd a few drops of tea tree oil and glycerin (can be purchased at a drugstore)\nto a few quarts of water in a bucket.\n\nScrub and let sit on the wine stain for 20-30 minutes.\n\nDon’t let it dry too quickly–apply more if necessary.\n\nScrub again and rinse.\n\nIncrease the amount of tea tree oil and glycerin if the stain isn’t lifted.\n\nAlternatively, after rinsing or blotting the initial spill, apply a 1:1 ratio\nof water to white vinegar and scrub with a sponge soaked with water and dish\nsoap.\n\nRinse and blot dry.\n\nApply glycerin with a damp sponge on any remaining stain and repeat the cycle.\n\n### 2\\. Potted Plant Stains\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Google+\n\n * Pinterest\n\nThey’re so pretty, but moving potted plants around often leaves behind a stain\nfrom water getting trapped beneath the pot.\n\nThese can be tough to remove so we offer you options ranging from simple to\nsevere.\n\nUsing water and dish soap, scrub the stain and rinse.\n\nIf this doesn’t work, sprinkle dry detergent over the wet area and let sit for\n10 minutes.\n\nPour hot water (be careful not to burn yourself) over the detergent and scrub\nwell.\n\nRepeat.\n\nStain still showing?\n\nCover it with distilled white vinegar and leave for a few hours without\nallowing it to dry.\n\nNext, try a 1:2 ratio of oxygenated bleach to water.\n\nApply and let it soak for 10 minutes.\n\nScrub using more hot water.\n\nLastly, if this fails, try trisodium phosphate which can be bought at a\nhardware store, however, keep kids and pets away from it.\n\nMix 1 cup of trisodium phosphate with 1 gallon of water and leave on the stain\nfor 20 minutes.\n\nIf you can, blot it up versus rinsing as it will kill plants.\n\n### 3\\. Mildew\n\nIt’s unattractive and causes respiratory issues.\n\nAside from being a health hazard, it’s also slippery.\n\nMildew often results from moisture trapped by plants covering areas of\nconcrete.\n\nMake sure to keep plants pruned and away from the concrete.\n\nIt’s important to kill the mildew and sometimes the sun and ventilation is\nenough to do that.\n\nOtherwise, you’ll need a mildewcide.\n\nThis mildewcide was developed by the U.S.\n\nDepartment of Agriculture’s Forest Products Laboratory and can be mixed up at\nhome.\n\nPour 1 quart of chlorine bleach into 3 quarts of water.\n\nAdd 1/3 cup of powdered laundry detergent.\n\nApply with a brush to mildew stains.\n\nLet it sit until the black or green stains turn white, but don’t let it dry.\n\nRinse off.\n\n### 4\\. Moss and Algae\n\nMoss and algae can spread rapidly if not controlled.\n\nUsing Simple Green, a scrub brush and a hose can help small areas.\n\nOr, try distilled white vinegar and a scrub brush.\n\nFor larger areas, homeowners report success eliminating algae by attaching a\nliquid fertilizer delivery device to the end of a garden hose and filling it\nwith pool chlorine.\n\n### 5\\. Sidewalk Chalk\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Google+\n\n * Pinterest\n\nEven chalk that’s meant to be used on the sidewalk can be difficult to remove.\n\nUsing a brush and water, rise off as much sidewalk chalk as possible.\n\nNext, apply Soft Scrub and work in a circular motion.\n\nRinse.\n\n### 6\\. Coffee\n\nYou let the dog out first in the morning and trip over the door sill–\nlaunching coffee all over the concrete patio.\n\nIt happens to the best of us.\n\nCoffee is tannic, like wine, so use a 1:4 ration of glycerin to water on a\nsponge to scrub and remove it.\n\nRinse.\n\n### 7\\. Crayon\n\nWashable crayons will probably remove with soap and water.\n\nNon-washable crayons are a different story.\n\nTry using an oil-based lubricant or cleaner like Goo Gone or WD-40.\n\nUse a scrub brush or toothbrush to get the crayon out.\n\nWipe away the crayon and cleaner.\n\nIf there’s an oil-like film remaining, use dish soap and water to remove it.\n\n### 8\\. Rust\n\nPatio furniture, garden tools and other metal objects can leave a dreaded rust\nstain.\n\nTo eradicate, mix unsweetened Kool-Aid lemonade with hot water.\n\nScrub and rinse.\n\nOr, pour distilled white vinegar over the stain and let it soak in for a few\nhours.\n\nRepeat.\n\nThen, scrub the stain with a brush.\n\nBlot occasionally while scrubbing to absorb rust.\n\nRinse well.\n\n### 9\\. BBQ Grease\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Google+\n\n * Pinterest\n\nIf your juicy steak splattered grease on the concrete patio, make a paste of\npowdered laundry detergent and water.\n\nCover the stain with 1/4 inch of paste and securely tape plastic wrap on top.\n\nLeave for 24 hours.\n\nScrub and rinse.\n\nRepeat, if necessary.\n\n### 10\\. Oil And Grease\n\nIf it’s a fresh stain, grab paper towels and mop up the excess liquid.\n\nMake sure to dispose of them safely.\n\nFrom here, you have several options.\n\nScrub with some dish soap and water using a old towel or nylon scrub brush.\n\nBlot up the excess liquid as it’s not the best thing in the world to rinse it\nelsewhere.\n\nAnother strategy that seems to work well is using kitty litter to soak up\nliquid.\n\nCover the area with kitty litter and grind it in wearing old shoes.\n\nConsider wearing a mask to avoid inhaling any kitty litter dust.\n\nSweep up the kitty litter and rinse the area.\n\nSpray a generous amount of WD-40 over the stain.\n\nBlot up and make sure to rinse the liquid off of the area.\n\nSpray a generous amount of oven cleaner on your grease stain.\n\nLet sit 5-10 minutes and use a high-pressure hose to rinse off.\n\nRepeat if necessary.\n\n### 11\\. Berries and Other Dark Fruit\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Google+\n\n * Pinterest\n\nThe sun can dry stepped-on berries into an unsightly stain.\n\nIn this case, using soap will actually cause the stain to set.\n\nMix flour and hydrogen peroxide to form a thick paste similar in consistency\nto peanut butter.\n\nCover the stain with the paste in a layer that’s about 1/4 inch thick.\n\nSecurely tape plastic wrap over the paste and let sit for 24-48 hours.\n\nAs the paste dries, it will lift the stain.\n\nYou may need to repeat this a few times to achieve victory.\n\n### 12\\. Commercial Salt Stains\n\nThis is a stain prevention tip.\n\nIf you live in an area where it snows, instead of using commercial salt to\nmelt the snow in your walkways and driveways, use baking soda.\n\nThe commercial salt can stain whereas baking soda doesn’t.\n\n### 13\\. Leaf Stains\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Google+\n\n * Pinterest\n\nAs pretty as foliage is, the compounds that give it gorgeous color can\nactually be absorbed into concrete.\n\nScrub a mixture of dish soap and water on to the stain and rinse it off using\nhigh pressure from hose.\n\nIt this doesn’t work, try using OxiClean.\n\nLet it sit on the wet stain for about 10 minutes or so, then scrub in a\ncircular motion.\n\n### 14\\. Pet Urine\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Google+\n\n * Pinterest\n\nFortunately, most pet stores carry safe, enzymatic urine removal products and\nif you have a pet, it’s wise to keep some on hand to tackle urine stains and\nodor.\n\nFirst, scrub the stain with dish soap and water in order to remove as much\nurine as possible.\n\nIf you catch the stain early, this might be all you need in addition to some\nsunshine.\n\nOdor can be further reduced by an application of distilled white vinegar,\nhowever, the pet store products are most effective.\n\nDid you know that you can identify pet urine on concrete with a black light?\n\n### 15\\. Cigarette Stains\n\nThe person who tossed that cigarette butt on to your concrete had better have\nbrought washing soda as a hostess gift.\n\nYou can buy washing soda (it’s different than baking soda) or turn your baking\nsoda into washing soda by sprinkling some onto a half-sheet pan (or similar)\nand bake it at 400 degrees until it loses luster and becomes grainy.\n\nOr, just buy washing soda.\n\nUse a mixture of washing soda and water along with a brush to scrub the stain\nout.\n\nYour best bet is to diligently power wash and seal outdoor concrete regularly\nbecause it is so porous.\n\nThe other reason why keeping liquid from absorbing into concrete is important\nbecause it puts stress on the concrete, leading to cracking.\n\n### Final Thoughts...\n\nIf the above stain removal measures don’t work, contact a professional.\n\nAnd, don’t panic–concrete stains are a part of life so no one expects it to\nlook flawless forever.\n\nDo you have a common stain & solution that we missed?\n\nShare it with us below...\n\nKatie Dillon\n\nKatie writes La Jolla Mom, a lifestyle site focused on parenting, luxury\ntravel, cooking with kids, home management and local happenings. When not\ntraveling, she lives in the seaside community of La Jolla, CA with her 5-year-\nold fashionista, dog, and husband. Follow Katie on Twitter, Pinterest and\nGoogle +.\n\n## Comments\n\n * JH\n\nAugust 15, 2013\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI have stained concrete in my bedroom and my shower pan leaked in my bathroom.\nThe moisture seeped up through the concrete in my bedroom a little. How can\nget the white moisture/water stains up?\n\n * Tiffany\n\nAugust 18, 2013\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI had newly poured concrete and that evening someone spilled champange On it.\nThey rinsed it off but in the morning there were stains all I over. Will a\ncolored stain cover these Marks?\n\n * Jerry Hillgartner\n\nMay 26, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI have a bag of salt for melting ice that leaked All over my garage for due to\nextreme heat and I don’t know how to properly remove it.\n\n * Sharon\n\nJune 15, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nYour article was really informative. My concrete patio has a faux flagstone\nfinish in a light tan. Really heavy leaf drop is a problem I can’t correct as\nthe tree is on common ground. The sprinkler system waters the patio heavily in\nareas of the leaf drop, causing rust looking stains. Dish detergent and water\nhave helped, but large areas remain stained. Can your suggestions above be\nused on a faux finish? I really appreciate your response, as the expense of\nthe faux finish was significant for a senior on a fixed income. Thanks!\n\n * Sandy Nrown\n\nJune 22, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nMy side walk concrete is discolored. The area is in a very shaded spot. And it\ngets very little sun. I cant say it is mildew. The spots appear to be very\ndark. Can you tell me what to use to get the concrete looking good. The side\nwalk is about 7 years old, otherwise in great condition with no breaks.\n\n * mike\n\nJune 29, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nmy contractor over spilt some cement on the new driveway they just laid, and\nnow it does not match the new cement. how can we remove the overage as the\ncolor is different as is the finish. thanks.\n\n * Silvana Brescia\n\nJuly 1, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI hope you can help me Katie. I spilled bleach on my new patio and it turned\ndark. Did the bleach take off the natural finish of the concrete block? What\ndo you suggest I can do?\n\n * Jason Horrell\n\nJuly 23, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nHow to get permanent marker off concrete\n\n * Donna Busacca\n\nSeptember 4, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nplease help! tape from an outdoor carpet is stuck on my pavers what do I do to\nremove it? thank you\n\n * Diane Duffenbach\n\nSeptember 13, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nAfter removing rust stains on my patio from metal patio furniture I am left\nwith darker areas where the CLR product washed the concrete. Is there any way\nto lighten these areas?\n\n * Dave\n\nSeptember 16, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI need to remove chlorine spots (pool) from stone patio and from cement Thanks\n\n * Linda Britton\n\nSeptember 27, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nwe stained our deck and have red-stain drips and a big blob on our concrete\npavers....do you know what we could use to get rid of the stains?\n\n * jim\n\nSeptember 28, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nRemove stain on concrete driveway left by using Roundup weed killer.\n\n * jean\n\nOctober 17, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI beed to find a safe way to remove new concrete slopped on old concrete\nsidewalk.the concrete company was careless in pouring a new concrete sidewalk.\n\n * Becky\n\nDecember 20, 2014\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nCan you suggest a means to clean a pool chlorine stain?\n\n * Coleen\n\nJanuary 6, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nHi, We bought a home in SW Florida. The driveway pavers are stained a rusty\nbrown. We found out that the water from the irrigation system has high tannin\nlevels and low iron levels. Do you know what I could use to clean this? I\nsuspect that the stains have been there a long time as the previous owner did\nnot clean them. Thank you. Coleen F.\n\n * Steve Richardson\n\nJanuary 23, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI have a hard surface cleaning company Today I was asked to remove stains on a\ndriveway from the Magnolia tree berries I had minimal success , I started with\nmy tile and grout cleaner and agitation with my grout brush. It lighten\nslightly but did not break it down, It looks kind of like rust, Do the berries\ncontain iron? I even tried wd 40 on a spot. I have a water extraction unit\nwhich can product 200+ hot water and 200 psi or more. I want to find someting\nthat will react to the stain itself and break it down so the extraction will\nbe more effective I have probably 100 stains or more\n\n * Sam\n\nJanuary 27, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI’m going to build a 15 by 25 patio area lakeside at our Lake of the Ozark\nhome. I want to place a portable fire pit there most of the year. In late fall\nI want to remove that and use the area to burn a great amount of oak leaves we\nhave to deal with. If I have it stained and stamped will the burn residue be\nremovable with a pressure washer?\n\n * Sharon\n\nMarch 24, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nMy very orange soil is soaking up through my patio and creating dull orange\nspots all over it. The patio is 5 years old and this is coming up through from\nunderneath rather than from above.\n\n * Diane\n\nApril 8, 2015\n\nYes...we have actual stain on our concrete porch from staining logs on our\nhome. What would be the best solution?\n\n * Dianne\n\nApril 14, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI have been told to clean my pavers which there is a lot with 1 part chlorine\nand 10 parts water and broom on wait for 1 hr and hose off. Is this correct\nand save and will it strip any sealer I have previously put on 6 weeks ago.\n\n * Hawk Concrete Floor Coatings\n\nMay 25, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nThanks for sharing 15 tips to remove outdoor Concrete Stains. We also offers\nConcrete services throught the Westren Australia.\n\n * Perparim\n\nJune 18, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nHi! I work in a restaurant as a nighttime cleaner and we have an outdoor\nconcrete floor with concrete tiles. Some of the workers there spilled vinegar\ninto the floor and its hard to come off. The concrete color is orange and i\nused bleach soap water(hose) and scrubing machine for floor but the stain\ndidnt come of any help please? Shoul i let the bleach soak up for a few\nminutes, if so how long? And will bleach discolor the concrete?\n\n * Linda Kotchou\n\nJune 19, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nYes! I dripped big spots of Miricle Grow Bloom booster on our garage floor and\nit left big like bleached spots, so I poured white vinigar on it and it made a\nbigger mess! Is there anything I can do to straighten up this mess?\n\n * Munoz\n\nJune 24, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nI stained my concrete patio, then used a sealant-wet look and let it dry for 3\ndays.....as soon as it got foot traffic, it retained all the dusty footprints!\nI don’t want to be constantly washing my patio...even then, if I wash it, once\nit dries it has white (dirty) dull spots. if I could post pics I would love\nto!! help!\n\n * Peter\n\nJuly 11, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nKatie Have you ever tried to remove dried-in birdlime (the black stain, not\nthe white) from porous concrete paving and swimpool edging? I do not want to\nuse bleach if possible as the pool is near a stream and a wildlife pond..\n\n * Shayna\n\nSeptember 7, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nWe used the vinegar and water method to remove a hard water station on our\ngrey concrete. Now, we have a white stain from the vinegar. Any thoughts on\nhow to reverse the whitening to make the concrete evenly grey again?\n\n * Joanne\n\nOctober 15, 2015\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nYes I unfortunately had some dog poo stains on my new concrete around our new\npool & decided to pour distilled white vinegar on it. Well that was dumb! I\nnow have white splatter stains everywhere from pouring onto concrete! Please\nany advice on how to remove????\n\n * FABIO GIACOMELLI\n\nApril 12, 2016\n\nYour comment is awaiting moderation.\n\nDo you have any tips to remove vinegar stain from concrete?\n\n### Add your comment Cancel reply\n\n## Cost Calculator\n\nPlease enter a valid area to get an estimate.\n\n#### Low\n\n#### High\n\nNote: These ranges are simply Ball-Park Figures and can vary up or down\ndepending on many factors. There may be additional discounts which your design\nconsultant can review with you upon your Free At-Home Estimate.\n\nGet real quote\n\nIt's Free and includes a Design\n\nOver 1,388 happy customers and counting...\n\n> \"We can’t say enough about the CARE and ATTENTION TO DETAIL of the\n> installers with INSTALL-IT-DIRECT. It takes precision and that’s exactly\n> what we received.\" — Howard, San Diego, CA\n\n> \"Completely renovated the front of our home: Removed all the old concrete\n> driveway and paths to the home: installed beautiful pavers in the driveway,\n> plus walkways to the house and front porch, plus paver pathways along each\n> side of the front lawn for ease of gardening. Dug out and removed all\n> existing grass ( more like weeds) where our lawn was “supposed to be”.\n> Installed artificial turf on each side of the driveway; approximately 1000\n> sq ft. Final touches were to surround both our trees with pavers; plus the\n> small garden near our garage door...not even discussed during the quoting\n> stage...but INSTALL-IT-DIRECT wanted to put the icing on the cake!!\n>\n> Left our home a SHOW-CASE for the neighborhood. A lot of people drove by\n> “drooling” at our home. Our designer / sales lead, Rubens Handel, was very\n> knowledgeable of the work at hand. He evaluated our “dream-list” for our\n> front lawn. Originally we were looking to install artificial turf due to the\n> lack of grass (mostly weeds and dead ground cover) we tried to grow in the\n> front lawn. He discussed some options with us, then began to enhance things\n> by adding brick pavers around the lawn to add more details; then discussions\n> of changing out our old concrete driveway with pavers, then adding garden\n> paths to assist with our rose gargens. He answered all our questions; plus\n> his experience as an installer too helped him relate to anything we asked\n> about the job at hand. It was very conforting to know and understand\n> everything due to his experience and demonstrating it with drawings and\n> walking around our yard making specific inputs and updates of our potential\n> yard upgrade. This type of landscaping work is not cheap. Other quotes we\n> investigated for artificial turf was about $10.00 / square foot. Plus pavers\n> are a costly job too. It takes a lot of work to prepare the area for pavers.\n> Make sure to ask your sales lead everything and anything about the job\n> BEFORE any paperwork is formed and approved. Our front yard is about 1800\n> square feet; so you can estimate the cost by adding a ZERO to the area’s\n> square footage on the costs. Be mindul of this point. Mr. Rubens Handel call\n> handle the questions you have, and help you create a dream home. It took\n> about 7-days to complete everything: from start to finish. Removal of\n> driveway, old lawn/dirt, prepare the area for pavers; ground cover / anti-\n> weed mat installation; compacting and installation of paver driveway, front\n> porch, walkway paths to the gardens on each side of the lawn. Then\n> installation of the artificial turf was last...ground preps and leavelling\n> the area to allow any rain water to flow out correctly from the yard Then\n> the installation team added small finishing touches to the gardens with\n> paver surrounds and garden boxes. When you contact INSTALL-IT-DIRECT, ask\n> for Mr. Rubens Handel to help you with a quote for any type of landscaping\n> work to enhance your homes curb appeal. He has the skills and experience to\n> help you discuss a well rounded job; and help make the neighbors envious of\n> your beautiful home!!\" — Geoffrey Strang, Spring Valley, Ca\n\nSee all testimonials »\n\n## Paver FAQs\n\n#### My neighbor just had their Patio and Driveway installed with pavers. They\nwent with a Brand Named Company for the back Patio and went with Install-It-\nDirect for the driveway. I saw the same crew working on both projects, and\nnoticed that they had different shirts on the second time around. Did the same\ncrew really install both jobs?\n\nYes, the same crew did both projects. The only difference between the two\nprojects was that the homeowner saved a lot of money the second go around by\neducating himself and selecting Install It Direct to complete his project. He\nalso ended up with a much better design, as all of our consultants are\nProfessional Designers as opposed to \"Salespeople\" looking for a BIG\ncommission check.\n\n#### Can you give me a \"Ball-Park Estimate,\" in regards to how much a Paving\nStone Driveway Installation might cost?\n\nBased on a typical 1,000sqft \"square driveway (residential),\" you are looking\nat an estimated range of $9,900-$13,900; however, this can vary, depending on\nthe following factors:\n\n * Paving Stone Manufacturer\n * Paving Stone Type\n * Accessibility (Bobcat Access)\n * City Permits (Carlsbad, Del Mar, Coronado)\n * Type of Demolition Required (Concrete w/ Rebar, Wood, Grass, Roots, etc.)\n * Extras (Wall Build, Step Build, Synthetic Turf, Drainage, Sealer, etc.), etc.\n\n#### Are there different prices between different manufacturers?\n\nYes, the prices do vary depending on which manufacturer you choose.\nAngelus/Orco would be the least expensive, followed by Ackerstone/Olsen, then\nBelgard.\n\n#### Are there different prices between different paver types (Tumbled, Non-\nTumbled)?\n\nYes, the prices do vary depending on which paver type you choose. Non-Tumbled\nwould be the least expensive, followed by Tumbled, then Slate Top.\n\n#### Do I need sealer on my project?\n\nNo, sealer is optional. There are various types of sealers, including: joint\nstabilizer sealer, color enhancer sealer, wet look sealer, etc.; however, the\nmost popular sealer is the joint stabilizer sealer. This particular sealer\nlocks in the joints to help prevent weeds or any other growth from occurring\nbetween the pavers. It also helps with inhibiting staining, however, it does\nnot eliminate all stains.\n\nSee all FAQs »\n\n## Synthetic Turf FAQs\n\n#### My neighbor just had their Patio and Driveway installed with pavers. They\nwent with a Brand Named Company for the back Patio and went with Install-It-\nDirect for the driveway. I saw the same crew working on both projects, and\nnoticed that they had different shirts on the second time around. Did the same\ncrew really install both jobs?\n\nYes, the same crew did both projects. The only difference between the two\nprojects was that the homeowner saved a lot of money the second go around by\neducating himself and selecting Install It Direct to complete his project. He\nalso ended up with a much better design, as all of our consultants are\nProfessional Designers as opposed to \"Salespeople\" looking for a BIG\ncommission check.\n\n#### Can you give me a \"Ball-Park Estimate,\" in regards to how much a Paving\nStone Driveway Installation might cost?\n\nBased on a typical 1,000sqft \"square driveway (residential),\" you are looking\nat an estimated range of $9,900-$13,900; however, this can vary, depending on\nthe following factors:\n\n * Paving Stone Manufacturer\n * Paving Stone Type\n * Accessibility (Bobcat Access)\n * City Permits (Carlsbad, Del Mar, Coronado)\n * Type of Demolition Required (Concrete w/ Rebar, Wood, Grass, Roots, etc.)\n * Extras (Wall Build, Step Build, Synthetic Turf, Drainage, Sealer, etc.), etc.\n\n#### Are there different prices between different manufacturers?\n\nYes, the prices do vary depending on which manufacturer you choose.\nAngelus/Orco would be the least expensive, followed by Ackerstone/Olsen, then\nBelgard.\n\n#### Are there different prices between different paver types (Tumbled, Non-\nTumbled)?\n\nYes, the prices do vary depending on which paver type you choose. Non-Tumbled\nwould be the least expensive, followed by Tumbled, then Slate Top.\n\n#### Do I need sealer on my project?\n\nNo, sealer is optional. There are various types of sealers, including: joint\nstabilizer sealer, color enhancer sealer, wet look sealer, etc.; however, the\nmost popular sealer is the joint stabilizer sealer. This particular sealer\nlocks in the joints to help prevent weeds or any other growth from occurring\nbetween the pavers. It also helps with inhibiting staining, however, it does\nnot eliminate all stains.\n\nSee all FAQs »\n\n## Pavers Installation\n\n * Beautiful Backyard in Less Than a Week\n * Increased Property Value\n * The Last Paver Installation you’ll ever need, It Will Last a Lifetime\n\nRead more about Pavers Installation »\n\n## Artificial Grass\n\n * Have a beautiful yard all year around\n * Save on Maintenance Costs\n * Save Time, no more Watering or Mowing\n\nRead more about Synthetic Turf »\n\n### Pavers\n\n * Pavers 101: The Ultimate Guide\n * Paver Reviews & Ratings\n * Paver Installation Process\n * Paver Design Ideas\n * Paver FAQs\n * Driveway Paving\n * Patio Pavers\n * Pool Deck Pavers\n * Walkway & Entryway Paving\n\n### Synthetic Turf\n\n * Artificial Grass 101: The Guide\n * Turf Reviews & Ratings\n * Turf Installation Process\n * Turf Design Ideas\n * Artificial Grass FAQs\n * Landscaping Turf\n * Custom Putting Greens\n * Pet Turf\n * Athletic Sport Turf\n\n### Locations\n\n * San Diego County\n * Orange County\n * Los Angeles County\n * Riverside County\n * Site Map\n * We Are Hiring...\n\n7310 Miramar Rd #420 San Diego, CA 92126 858-925-3000 Latitude: 32.882733\nLongitude: -117.156005\n\n### Pin It on Pinterest\n\nShare This\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Google+\n\n * Pinterest\n\n" } ]
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How To Prevent a Runny Nose in Cold Weather
To prevent a runny nose in cold weather, wrap a woolen scarf around your face and nose to warm the air when you breathe, which will reduce the amount of moisture produced by your sinuses. You can also apply a saline nasal spray to keep your nose moist and cut down on mucus. When you're home, consider using a humidifier to increase the moisture in the air, since runny noses can be triggered by dry air. If you’re still having problems, try taking an over the counter decongestant pill, such as Sudafed. However, avoid using medication regularly, since your nose will run even more when it wears off.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20161129184407/http://www.webmd.com/allergies/guide/decongestants", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200306004517/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=99844567", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200404170039/https://www.everydayhealth.com/healthy-living/why-does-your-nose-run-when-its-cold.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200413060000/https://www.webmd.com/allergies/saline-spray", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160401190001/http://www.drugs.com:80/mtm/dristan-sinus.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20160704212215/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/patientinstructions/000404.htm" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.webmd.com/allergies/guide/decongestants", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161129184407/http://www.webmd.com/allergies/guide/decongestants", "parsed_text": { "title": "Decongestants for a Stuffy Nose", "passages": [ "Here's how decongestants work: Allergies make the lining of your nose swell. Decongestants shrink swollen blood vessels and tissues. That relieves the congestion. But decongestants can’t help with sneezing or itching.", "Coughing, sneezing, itching, wheezing -- kids with allergies face a lot of miserable symptoms. And, your child's triggers may change over time. Sudden weather changes also can make symptoms flare. Learn what triggers your child's allergies now, at least, and get serious about avoiding them. These tips can help you improve your child's breathing and quality of life. Learn Your Child's Allergy Triggers Write down what causes your child's symptoms: Dust Pollen Mold,...", "Decongestants make some people feel jittery or have trouble sleeping. If that happens, cut back on caffeine while taking them. If that doesn't help, you may need to stop taking them. Nasal sprays are less likely to cause these problems and may be a short-term solution." ] }, "parsed_md": "Decongestants for a Stuffy Nose\n\nSkip to content\n\nCheck Your Symptoms Find A Doctor Find Lowest Drug Prices\n\nSign In Sign UpSubscribe\n\n * My ProfileWelcome\n * * My Tools\n * My WebMD Pages\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\nSubscribe\n\nWebMD Home Allergies Health Center Allergies Guide\n\nEmail a Friend\n\nPrint Article\n\nAllergies Trends:\n\n * Rhinitis\n * Allergy Shots\n * Poison Oak\n * Casein\n * Nasal Polyps\n * Nut Allergy\n * Anaphylaxis\n\n# Allergies Health Center\n\n## Tools & Resources\n\n * Think You Have a Food Allergy?\n * Essential Items for Allergy Relief\n * Pets and Allergies\n * Allergies: Myths vs. Facts\n * Controlling Home Allergies\n * Allergies in the Workplace\n\n## Decongestants\n\n##### In this article\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\nWhen allergies make your nose stuffed up, an antihistamine generally don't\nhelp. But a decongestant might.\n\nHere's how decongestants work: Allergies make the lining of your nose swell.\nDecongestants shrink swollen blood vessels and tissues. That relieves the\ncongestion. But decongestants can’t help with sneezing or itching.\n\n#### Recommended Related to Allergies\n\nLighten Your Child's Allergy Load\n\nCoughing, sneezing, itching, wheezing -- kids with allergies face a lot of\nmiserable symptoms. And, your child's triggers may change over time. Sudden\nweather changes also can make symptoms flare. Learn what triggers your child's\nallergies now, at least, and get serious about avoiding them. These tips can\nhelp you improve your child's breathing and quality of life. Learn Your\nChild's Allergy Triggers Write down what causes your child's symptoms: Dust\nPollen Mold,...\n\nRead the Lighten Your Child's Allergy Load article > >\n\nDecongestants come in pills, liquids, nose drops, and nasal sprays. Many are\navailable without a prescription. Common decongestants include:\n\n * Afrin, Dristan, Vicks Sinex (oxymetazoline)\n * Sudafed PE, Suphedrin PE (phenylephrine)\n * Silfedrine, Sudafed, Suphedrin (pseudoephedrine)\n\nSome over-the-counter decongestants -- those with pseudoephedrine -- are found\nbehind the pharmacy counter.\n\nMany medicines combine an antihistamine and decongestant, like Allegra-D,\nBenadrylAllergy Plus Sinus, Claritin-D, and Zyrtec-D.\n\nDon’t use nasal sprays longer than three days. Using them longer can actually\nmake your nose more stopped up.\n\nAsk your doctor before taking decongestants if you have:\n\n * Glaucoma\n * High blood pressure that’s not under control\n * Heart conditions\n * Thyroid problems\n * Enlarged prostate\n * Diabetes\n\nDecongestants make some people feel jittery or have trouble sleeping. If that\nhappens, cut back on caffeine while taking them. If that doesn't help, you may\nneed to stop taking them. Nasal sprays are less likely to cause these problems\nand may be a short-term solution.\n\nWebMD Medical Reference\n\nView Article Sources\n\nSOURCES:\n\nAmerican Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology: \"AAAI Allergy & Asthma\nMedication Guide.\"\n\nAmerican Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery: \"Antihistamines,\nDecongestants and Cold Remedies.\"\n\nFamilyDoctor.org: \"Decongestants: OTC Relief for Congestion.\"\n\nUpToDate: \"Patient information: Nonallergic rhinitis (runny or stuffy nose)\n(Beyond the Basics).\"\n\nWake Forest Baptist Health: \"Sinus Infection: Prevention & Treatment.\"\n\nMedicineNet: \"Nasal Allergy Medications.\"\n\nMedline Plus: \"Oxymetazoline Nasal Spray,\" \" Phenylephrine,\" \"\nPseudoephedrine.\"\n\nReviewed by Stanley M. Fineman, MD, MBA on October 24, 2014\n\n© 2014 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\n#### Allergies Guide\n\n1\n\nAllergy Facts\n\n2\n\nAllergy Types\n\n3\n\nAllergy Tests\n\n4\n\nAllergy Treatment\n\n5\n\nLiving & Managing\n\n6\n\nAllergy Resources\n\nContinue reading below...\n\n#### Top Picks\n\n * Insect Sting Allergies\n * Housecleaning Tips for Indoor Allergies\n * Allergies: How Much Do You Know?\n * The Truth About Mucus\n * Signs of a Dangerous Allergic Reaction\n * Cold or Allergy? Quiz Yourself\n\n#### Further Reading:\n\n * Sinuses (Human Anatomy): Function, Picture, Location, Definition\n * Slideshow: Sinusitis Dos and Don'ts\n * Decongestants and Antihistamines for the Common Cold\n * What Is Sinusitis\n * Breathing: Our First Priority\n * An Overview of Sinusitis\n * Sinusitis-Cause\n * See All Decongestants Topics\n\n### Decongestants Home\n\n * Medical Reference\n * Video\n * Slideshows & Images\n * Quizzes\n\n * Allergies Home\n * News & Features\n * Quizzes\n * Slideshows\n * Videos\n * Reference\n * Find an Allergist\n\nAllergies Guide\n\n1\n\nAllergy Facts\n\n2\n\nAllergy Types\n\n3\n\nAllergy Tests\n\n4\n\nAllergy Treatment\n\n5\n\nLiving & Managing\n\n6\n\nAllergy Resources\n\n### Related to Allergies\n\n * Allergies or Cold?\n * Allergy Map\n * Asthma\n * Drug Interaction Checker\n * Eye Allergies\n * Food Allergies\n * Severe Allergies\n * Skin Allergies\n * More Related Topics\n\n## Today on WebMD\n\n12 Natural Ways to Defeat Allergies\n\nMake these tweaks to your diet, home, and lifestyle.\n\nNeed Nasal Allergy Relief?\n\nBreathe easier with these products.\n\n5 Tips to Cut Pet Allergies\n\nLive in harmony with your cat or dog.\n\n10 Common Allergy Triggers\n\nWhich ones affect you?\n\nArticle\n\nThe Truth About Mucus\n\nArticle\n\nWhat Is Postnasal Drip?\n\nSlideshow\n\nIdentify Bugs and Their Bites\n\nSlideshow\n\n12 Natural Ways to Defeat Allergies\n\nWebMD Allergy App\n\nLoading ...\n\nPlease wait...\n\nThis feature is temporarily unavailable. Please try again later.\n\n### Thanks!\n\nNow check your email account on your mobile phone to download your new app.\n\nArticle\n\nCauses of Cat Allergies\n\nVIDEO\n\nTypes of Allergy Tests\n\nAssessment\n\nGet Personalized Allergy & Sinus Tips\n\nQuiz\n\nTest Your Indoor Allergy Smarts\n\n### WebMD Special Sections\n\n * Target Your Allergy Symptoms Head-On\n * 10 Common Allergy Triggers\n * 13 Immune System Boosters\n * Your Allergy Action Plan\n * Seasonal Allergy Symptoms Nationwide\n * Life Threatening Anaphylaxis\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Knee Pain Management\n * Transitional Care\n * Cancer Treatments\n\n * Overactive Bladder?\n * IBS-C Symptoms?\n * Skin Cancer Treatment\n\n * Osteoarthritis Knee Pain\n * Fight Prostate Cancer\n * Digestive Sensitivities\n\n * Enrolling in Medicare\n * Breakfast Solutions\n * Aortic Valve Stenosis?\n\n * Knees & Exercise\n * Expert Orthopedic Care\n * Treatment for Knee Pain\n\n##### More From WebMD:\n\nCommon Signs of Bipolar Mania|Your Hodgkin's Treatment Plan|Psoriasis|MS\nAssessment|Anaphylaxis|ADHD in Children|Diabetes Diet|Safer Sports for\nKids|Multiple Myeloma |Hearing Loss: Its Causes and Treatment|Myths and Facts\nAbout Prostate Cancer|A Visual Guide to Asthma|COPD|Prostate Cancer Clinical\nTrials|Diabetes Assessment|Live Better With Diabetes|Atrial Fibrillation\nAssessment |Treating Advanced Prostate Cancer\n\n###### Find us on:\n\nURAC: Accredited Health Web SiteAdChoices\n\nAbout WebMD Advertise With Us Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Policy\nAccessibility Sponsor Policy\n\nSite Map Careers Contact Us Medscape Reference eMedicineHealth RxList OnHealth\nMedscape MedicineNet\n\nBootsWebMD WebMD Corporate WebMD Health Services First Aid WebMD Magazine\nWebMD Health Record\n\nWebMD Mobile Newsletters Dictionary Physician Directory\n\n©2005-2016 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional\ninformation.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200306004517/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=99844567", "parsed_text": { "title": "Why Does Cold Weather Cause Runny Noses? : NPR", "passages": [ "Now, your runny nose may not seem like rocket science, but it does involve a bit of thermodynamics. What is it about the chilly winter breeze that makes tissues a cold weather essential? Earlier, I braved the great outdoors - and I know you can tell - to bring you this week's \"Science Out of the Box.\"", "LYDEN: I'm standing on the roof of NPR headquarters in Washington, D.C. It's chilly. It's about 35 degrees or so. But earlier this week, especially on the National Mall, it was really cold. And I was suffering from what the experts call cold-induced rhinorrhea, and that colloquially is known as a runny nose.", "We wanted to know why our noses always run in cold weather. So we called on Dr. Andrew Lane. He's the director of the Johns Hopkins Sinus Center, and he's standing outside his office in Baltimore. Welcome, Dr. Lane.", "LYDEN: Well, I have been wondering this, really, since the first of the year. Why is it that our noses run in the cold whenever we step outside?", "Dr. LANE: Well, it's really a combination of two things. It's part respiratory biology and part of it is physics, or thermodynamics. One of the main functions of the nose is to warm and humidify the air that we breathe so that when it reaches your lungs, it's nice and conditioned. And in order to do this, the nose has to add some moisture to it.", "When it's very cold out, the air is usually dry as well, and the nose is really working overtime to add some fluid. And there are reflexes that are in place that allow the nose to increase its fluid production. And if it really makes a lot of fluid, then it starts to run out of the end of your nose.", "Dr. LANE: Right. It's a normal reaction sort of taken to the extreme. Now the other side of it is the physics part. And this is sort of a good day for this, I suppose. Can you see your breath when you breathe there?", "Dr. LANE: What's happening is that the warm air that you're breathing is condensing in the cold air, so you see it as little droplets of water. And that's because cold air can't hold as much moisture as warm air. When you breathe that air back out, it comes to the very tip of your nose where the nose is cold and that fluid is going to recondense onto the surface of the nose and that will also run out.", "LYDEN: Andrew Lane is the director of the Johns Hopkins Sinus Center. Thanks so much for joining us. I think we should both go inside and get warm now and have a cup of cocoa or echinacea.", "Copyright © 2009 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.", "NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record." ] }, "parsed_md": "Why Does Cold Weather Cause Runny Noses? : NPR\n\nAccessibility links\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Keyboard shortcuts for audio player\n\nWhy Does Cold Weather Cause Runny Noses? Why does your nose run when it's cold\noutside? Dr. Andrew Lane of Johns Hopkins University provides some answers.\n\nSpecial Series\n\n## Science Out Of The Box\n\n#### Why Does Cold Weather Cause Runny Noses?\n\nListen\n\n * Download\n * <iframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/99844567/99844559\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\">\n\n * Transcript\n\nWhy Does Cold Weather Cause Runny Noses?\n\n# Why Does Cold Weather Cause Runny Noses?\n\nJanuary 24, 20094:00 PM ET\n\nHeard on All Things Considered\n\n#### Why Does Cold Weather Cause Runny Noses?\n\nListen\n\n * Download\n * <iframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/99844567/99844559\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\">\n\n * Transcript\n\nWhy does your nose run when it's cold outside? Dr. Andrew Lane of Johns\nHopkins University provides some answers.\n\nJACKI LYDEN, host:\n\nNow, your runny nose may not seem like rocket science, but it does involve a\nbit of thermodynamics. What is it about the chilly winter breeze that makes\ntissues a cold weather essential? Earlier, I braved the great outdoors - and I\nknow you can tell - to bring you this week's \"Science Out of the Box.\"\n\n(Soundbite of music)\n\nLYDEN: I'm standing on the roof of NPR headquarters in Washington, D.C. It's\nchilly. It's about 35 degrees or so. But earlier this week, especially on the\nNational Mall, it was really cold. And I was suffering from what the experts\ncall cold-induced rhinorrhea, and that colloquially is known as a runny nose.\n\nWe wanted to know why our noses always run in cold weather. So we called on\nDr. Andrew Lane. He's the director of the Johns Hopkins Sinus Center, and he's\nstanding outside his office in Baltimore. Welcome, Dr. Lane.\n\nDr. ANDREW LANE (Director, Sinus Center, Johns Hopkins University): Hi, Jacki.\nThanks.\n\nLYDEN: Well, I have been wondering this, really, since the first of the year.\nWhy is it that our noses run in the cold whenever we step outside?\n\nDr. LANE: Well, it's really a combination of two things. It's part respiratory\nbiology and part of it is physics, or thermodynamics. One of the main\nfunctions of the nose is to warm and humidify the air that we breathe so that\nwhen it reaches your lungs, it's nice and conditioned. And in order to do\nthis, the nose has to add some moisture to it.\n\nWhen it's very cold out, the air is usually dry as well, and the nose is\nreally working overtime to add some fluid. And there are reflexes that are in\nplace that allow the nose to increase its fluid production. And if it really\nmakes a lot of fluid, then it starts to run out of the end of your nose.\n\nLYDEN: So, it's a good reaction. It should happen.\n\nDr. LANE: Right. It's a normal reaction sort of taken to the extreme. Now the\nother side of it is the physics part. And this is sort of a good day for this,\nI suppose. Can you see your breath when you breathe there?\n\nLYDEN: I can.\n\nDr. LANE: What's happening is that the warm air that you're breathing is\ncondensing in the cold air, so you see it as little droplets of water. And\nthat's because cold air can't hold as much moisture as warm air. When you\nbreathe that air back out, it comes to the very tip of your nose where the\nnose is cold and that fluid is going to recondense onto the surface of the\nnose and that will also run out.\n\nLYDEN: So kind of a double whammy on the old nose between the biology and the\nphysics.\n\n(Soundbite of laughter)\n\nDr. LANE: Yeah.\n\nLYDEN: Andrew Lane is the director of the Johns Hopkins Sinus Center. Thanks\nso much for joining us. I think we should both go inside and get warm now and\nhave a cup of cocoa or echinacea.\n\nDr. LANE: I'm with you, Jacki. Thanks.\n\nCopyright © 2009 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and\npermissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.\n\nNPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR\ncontractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed\nwith NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised\nin the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of\nNPR’s programming is the audio record.\n\nSpecial Series\n\n## Science Out Of The Box\n\n###### Read & Listen\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Arts & Life\n * Music\n * Podcasts\n * Programs\n\n###### Connect\n\n * Newsletters\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * Contact\n * Help\n\n###### About NPR\n\n * Overview\n * Finances\n * People\n * Press\n * Public Editor\n * Corrections\n\n###### Get Involved\n\n * Support Public Radio\n * Sponsor NPR\n * NPR Careers\n * NPR Shop\n * NPR Events\n * Visit NPR\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Your Privacy Choices\n * Text Only\n\nNPR thanks our sponsors\n\nBecome an NPR sponsor\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.everydayhealth.com/healthy-living/why-does-your-nose-run-when-its-cold.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200404170039/https://www.everydayhealth.com/healthy-living/why-does-your-nose-run-when-its-cold.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "Why Does Your Nose Run When It's Cold?", "passages": [ "As the old joke goes, \"If your nose runs, and your feet smell, you're built upside down!\" Kidding aside, there are many reasons we get runny noses — technically known as rhinorrhea. When you have a cold or the flu, the mucous membranes that line the cavities in your nose produce a combination of mucus and fluid designed to fight off and wash away the germs. The nose also produces extra mucus after exposure to an allergen, whether it's pollen, animal dander, or something else. Crying hard can also cause excess liquid to drain from the duct in the inner corner of the eyelid into the nasal cavities and out through the nose.", "But why does your nose run when you're out on a chilly winter day, even when you're not sick or upset?", "Our noses warm and humidify — add moisture to — the air we breathe as it travels down into the lungs. So when you inhale cold, dry air, the moist tissue inside the nose automatically increases fluid production to do its job of protecting sensitive lung tissue. But when there's too much fluid, the excess tends to drip out, creating a runny nose.", "Winter has other effects that make it more likely you’ll have a runny nose. Cold temperatures can cause the small water droplets inside the moist nose to join together, forming big, heavy drops of water that can also drip from your nostrils. And cold air also speeds up mucus production.", "Researchers have a name for a related syndrome linked to exercising outdoors in cold weather: Not surprisingly, it's called skier's nose. A 1991 study published in the journal Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology found that nearly 100 percent of skiers complained about runny noses while participating in their sport.", "While a runny nose is annoying in just about any season, it's not harmful. And if you're worried that you'll get a cold from being out in the cold, don't fret. That's a common myth, but experts believe the reason colds are more common in the winter is because we spend more time indoors around other people, who transmit their cold viruses to us by sneezing and leaving germs on surfaces that we touch.", "If you're really bothered by your winter runny nose, try taking an over-the- counter decongestant. The prescription nasal sprays Ru-Tuss and Atrovent have also been found to be effective at drying up drippy noses.", "Then there's always mom's advice: Before you go out in the cold, cover your nose and mouth with a scarf. Air breathed through fabric will be warmer and moister, which can cut down on those annoying drips.", "Do you have a health head-scratcher? Submit it here, and we may answer your question in a future column! See all health head-scratchers here.", "Biologics are a relatively new treatment trend for people with a range of serious immunologic conditions. Here’s a look at existing therapies and what...", "A new study suggests that women with airway disorders like asthma, emphysema, and bronchitis may be more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis than their...", "As deadly wildfires continue in Australia, experts warn of health consequences and how to protect your well-being if flames strike near you.", "Test results point to vitamin E acetate as a possible culprit, while a case in Canada raises new questions about the potential lung damage that vaping...", "© 1996-2020 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally registered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission." ] }, "parsed_md": "Why Does Your Nose Run When It's Cold? - Healthy Living Center - Everyday\nHealth\n\nLung & Respiratory\n\n# Why Does Your Nose Run When It's Cold?\n\nYour nose runs when the temperature drops, but why do sniffly noses and winter\njust seem to go together?\n\nBy\n\nAmy Solomon\n\nLast Updated: December 19, 2011\n\nAs the old joke goes, \"If your nose runs, and your feet smell, you're built\nupside down!\" Kidding aside, there are many reasons we get runny noses —\ntechnically known as rhinorrhea. When you have a cold or the flu, the mucous\nmembranes that line the cavities in your nose produce a combination of mucus\nand fluid designed to fight off and wash away the germs. The nose also\nproduces extra mucus after exposure to an allergen, whether it's pollen,\nanimal dander, or something else. Crying hard can also cause excess liquid to\ndrain from the duct in the inner corner of the eyelid into the nasal cavities\nand out through the nose.\n\nBut why does your nose run when you're out on a chilly winter day, even when\nyou're not sick or upset?\n\n## Your Nose at Work\n\nOur noses warm and humidify — add moisture to — the air we breathe as it\ntravels down into the lungs. So when you inhale cold, dry air, the moist\ntissue inside the nose automatically increases fluid production to do its job\nof protecting sensitive lung tissue. But when there's too much fluid, the\nexcess tends to drip out, creating a runny nose.\n\nWinter has other effects that make it more likely you’ll have a runny nose.\nCold temperatures can cause the small water droplets inside the moist nose to\njoin together, forming big, heavy drops of water that can also drip from your\nnostrils. And cold air also speeds up mucus production.\n\nMost Helpful\n\n### Nosebleed for No Reason? Here Are Some Possible Causes\n\n### 15 Ways to Stay Healthy During Cold and Flu Season if You Have COPD\n\n## Could You Have Skier’s Nose?\n\nResearchers have a name for a related syndrome linked to exercising outdoors\nin cold weather: Not surprisingly, it's called skier's nose. A 1991 study\npublished in the journal Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology found that\nnearly 100 percent of skiers complained about runny noses while participating\nin their sport.\n\nWhile a runny nose is annoying in just about any season, it's not harmful. And\nif you're worried that you'll get a cold from being out in the cold, don't\nfret. That's a common myth, but experts believe the reason colds are more\ncommon in the winter is because we spend more time indoors around other\npeople, who transmit their cold viruses to us by sneezing and leaving germs on\nsurfaces that we touch.\n\nIf you're really bothered by your winter runny nose, try taking an over-the-\ncounter decongestant. The prescription nasal sprays Ru-Tuss and Atrovent have\nalso been found to be effective at drying up drippy noses.\n\nThen there's always mom's advice: Before you go out in the cold, cover your\nnose and mouth with a scarf. Air breathed through fabric will be warmer and\nmoister, which can cut down on those annoying drips.\n\nDo you have a health head-scratcher? Submit it here, and we may answer your\nquestion in a future column! See all health head-scratchers here.\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nSign up for our Asthma and Allergies Newsletter!\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\n## The Latest in Lung & Respiratory\n\n### Why Doctors Who Treat Severe Asthma and Allergy Are Excited About\nBiologics\n\nBiologics are a relatively new treatment trend for people with a range of\nserious immunologic conditions. Here’s a look at existing therapies and\nwhat...\n\nBy Pamela KaufmanMarch 18, 2020\n\n### Study Suggests Asthma and COPD May Increase RA Risk in Women\n\nA new study suggests that women with airway disorders like asthma, emphysema,\nand bronchitis may be more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis than\ntheir...\n\nBy Lisa RapaportMarch 10, 2020\n\n### How Wildfire Smoke Affects Your Health and How to Protect Yourself\n\nAs deadly wildfires continue in Australia, experts warn of health consequences\nand how to protect your well-being if flames strike near you.\n\nBy Don RaufJanuary 28, 2020\n\n### CDC Finds a 'Toxin of Concern' as Vaping-Related Lung Illnesses Continue\nto Rise\n\nTest results point to vitamin E acetate as a possible culprit, while a case in\nCanada raises new questions about the potential lung damage that vaping...\n\nBy Don RaufDecember 05, 2019\n\n### Bronchitis vs. Pneumonia: Why They’re Related and How They’re Different\n\nBy Katherine LeeJanuary 23, 2019\n\nMost Helpful\n\n### 8 Cold and Flu Remedies for a Good Night's Sleep\n\n### How Long Does a Cold or the Flu Last?\n\nWellness inspired. Wellness enabled.\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Editorial Policy\n * Newsletters\n * Privacy Policy\n * Health News\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * Feedback\n * Our Sponsors\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n * AdChoice\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nGet the best in health and wellness\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\nA PROPERTY OF\n\nEHGLogo\n\nMore From Everyday Health Group: What to ExpectMedPage TodayCastle Connolly\nTop Doctors\n\n© 1996-2020 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally\nregistered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third\nparties without explicit permission.\n\nBadges\n\nBadges\n\nBadges\n\nBadges\n\nBadges\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/allergies/saline-spray", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200413060000/https://www.webmd.com/allergies/saline-spray", "parsed_text": { "title": "Saline Nasal Spray: How To Make It, When To Use It, Health Benefits", "passages": [ "Many people with allergies look for simple remedies, especially if they don’t get enough relief from the usual medicines and treatments.", "If you have a nasal allergy such as to pollen, a saltwater (saline) nasal spray may be one to consider.", "Some studies show that a saline solution restores moisture to dry nasal passages and sinuses, and curbs inflammation of mucous membranes.", "If you use a Neti pot or a small squirt bottle for saline irrigation regularly, it can help to thin mucus, give you less postnasal drip, and cleanse your nasal passages of bacteria.", "Most over-the-counter saline nasal sprays are isotonic, which means the solution is the same saline concentration as in your body. Hypertonic versions have a higher concentration of salt than what’s in your body. Both types can help clear mucus.", "Saline sprays also help keep the cilia in your nose healthy. Cilia are small hair-like structures that help humidify air going to your lungs, trap bacteria to keep them from entering the cells, and aid your sense of smell. By keeping cilia healthy, saline sprays may help treat rhinitis and sinusitis, studies show.", "Over-the-counter saline sprays and rinses can help remove pollen from the nasal lining. People often use them at the end of the day. You can also use these sprays to add moisture if your nose feels dry from winter weather.", "If you use a nasal steroid spray to treat your allergies, doctors suggest you first use a saline spray to cleanse the nose and rid it of thick mucus and debris. Thick mucus can keep the steroid from working as well as possible.", "You can easily make one to wash your nose and sinuses at home. This natural remedy can be used with a bulb syringe, a Neti pot, a plastic squirt bottle, or your cupped hands.", "To make the solution, mix 3 teaspoons of non-iodized salt (kosher salt with no additives is best) and one teaspoon of baking soda. Store this mixture in a small clean jar. When you are ready to use it, mix a teaspoon of the mixture into 8 ounces of distilled, sterile, or previously boiled and cooled water.", "Store your saline solution at room temperature and mix it before you use it. If the solution stings, use less salt next time.", "To use it, fill the bulb syringe or Neti pot with the solution. Stand over the bathroom sink and lean your head forward. Tilt your head to one side and pour the solution into one nostril. Aim the stream toward the back of your head, not at the top of your head. Never force it into your nose.", "The solution will go into your nasal cavity and run out the other nostril. Adjust the position of your head to keep it from running down the back of your throat. Gently blow your nose and spit out the drainage to clear the nasal passages and throat. Repeat with your other nostril.", "Talk to your doctor or allergist if you're not sure. They can show you how to use this natural remedy to keep your nose clear of thick mucus and debris so you can breathe better.", "SOURCES: CDC. AAAAI (American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology): \"New research finds that treatment from an allergist significantly improves asthma care.\" FamilyDoctor.org: \"Sinusitis.\" Keojampa, BK, Archives of Otolaryngology" ] }, "parsed_md": "Saline Nasal Spray: How To Make It, When To Use It, Health Benefits\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Allergies Home\n\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * Medications\n * Message Board\n * Find an Allergist\n\n### Allergies Guide\n\n * Overview & Facts\n * Symptoms & Types\n * Diagnosis & Tests\n * Treatment & Care\n\n### Nasal Allergy Treatments\n\n * Nasal Spray\n * Steroid Nasal Spray\n * Mast Cell Inhibitors\n * Anticholinergic Nasal Spray\n * Saline Nasal Spray\n * Allergy Relief Without Drugs\n\n### Related to Allergies\n\n * Allergies or Cold?\n * Allergy Map\n * Allergy Relief Advisor\n * Children's Allergies\n * Eye Allergies\n * Cold & Flu Map\n * Skin Allergies\n * Food Allergies\n * Asthma\n * Drug Interaction Checker\n * Severe Allergies\n * More Related Topics\n * Allergies A-Z\n\n * Allergies\n\n * Reference\n\n#### What's Triggering Your Hives?\n\n# Natural Allergy Relief: Saline Nasal Sprays\n\n### Articles OnNasal Allergy Treatments\n\n#### Nasal Allergy Treatments\n\n#### Nasal Allergy Treatments - Natural Allergy Relief: Saline Nasal Sprays\n\n * Nasal Spray\n * Steroid Nasal Spray\n * Mast Cell Inhibitors\n * Anticholinergic Nasal Spray\n * Saline Nasal Spray\n * Allergy Relief Without Drugs\n\nMany people with allergies look for simple remedies, especially if they don’t\nget enough relief from the usual medicines and treatments.\n\nIf you have a nasal allergy such as to pollen, a saltwater (saline) nasal\nspray may be one to consider.\n\n## How can it help my allergies?\n\nSome studies show that a saline solution restores moisture to dry nasal\npassages and sinuses, and curbs inflammation of mucous membranes.\n\nIf you use a Neti pot or a small squirt bottle for saline irrigation\nregularly, it can help to thin mucus, give you less postnasal drip, and\ncleanse your nasal passages of bacteria.\n\n## What types can I use?\n\nYou can buy an over-the-counter saline solution or make one at home.\n\nMost over-the-counter saline nasal sprays are isotonic, which means the\nsolution is the same saline concentration as in your body. Hypertonic versions\nhave a higher concentration of salt than what’s in your body. Both types can\nhelp clear mucus.\n\nSaline sprays also help keep the cilia in your nose healthy. Cilia are small\nhair-like structures that help humidify air going to your lungs, trap bacteria\nto keep them from entering the cells, and aid your sense of smell. By keeping\ncilia healthy, saline sprays may help treat rhinitis and sinusitis, studies\nshow.\n\n## When should I use it?\n\nOver-the-counter saline sprays and rinses can help remove pollen from the\nnasal lining. People often use them at the end of the day. You can also use\nthese sprays to add moisture if your nose feels dry from winter weather.\n\nIf you use a nasal steroid spray to treat your allergies, doctors suggest you\nfirst use a saline spray to cleanse the nose and rid it of thick mucus and\ndebris. Thick mucus can keep the steroid from working as well as possible.\n\n## How do I make a saline solution?\n\nYou can easily make one to wash your nose and sinuses at home. This natural\nremedy can be used with a bulb syringe, a Neti pot, a plastic squirt bottle,\nor your cupped hands.\n\nTo make the solution, mix 3 teaspoons of non-iodized salt (kosher salt with no\nadditives is best) and one teaspoon of baking soda. Store this mixture in a\nsmall clean jar. When you are ready to use it, mix a teaspoon of the mixture\ninto 8 ounces of distilled, sterile, or previously boiled and cooled water.\n\n#### Continued\n\nStore your saline solution at room temperature and mix it before you use it.\nIf the solution stings, use less salt next time.\n\nTo use it, fill the bulb syringe or Neti pot with the solution. Stand over the\nbathroom sink and lean your head forward. Tilt your head to one side and pour\nthe solution into one nostril. Aim the stream toward the back of your head,\nnot at the top of your head. Never force it into your nose.\n\nThe solution will go into your nasal cavity and run out the other nostril.\nAdjust the position of your head to keep it from running down the back of your\nthroat. Gently blow your nose and spit out the drainage to clear the nasal\npassages and throat. Repeat with your other nostril.\n\nWash the irrigation device after each use and then rinse it and let it dry.\n\n## What if I’m not using it correctly?\n\nTalk to your doctor or allergist if you're not sure. They can show you how to\nuse this natural remedy to keep your nose clear of thick mucus and debris so\nyou can breathe better.\n\nWebMD Medical Reference Reviewed by Melinda Ratini, DO, MS on June 18, 2018\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES: CDC. AAAAI (American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology): \"New\nresearch finds that treatment from an allergist significantly improves asthma\ncare.\" FamilyDoctor.org: \"Sinusitis.\" Keojampa, BK, Archives of Otolaryngology\n- Head & Neck Surgery, 2004. MedicineNet: \"Chronic Rhinitis.\"\n\n© 2018 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Next In Nasal Allergy Treatments\n\nAllergy Relief Without Drugs\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Best Treatments for Allergies\n * Insect Sting Allergies\n * What to Know About Allergy Shots\n * How Are Allergies Diagnosed?\n * How to Exercise Outside When You Have Allergies\n * Are You Allergic to Your Clothes?\n\n### further reading\n\n * Slideshow: Top Allergy Kit Must-Haves\n * Slideshow: Steroids: What Are They? How Do You Take Them? What Are The Side Effects?\n * Are You Overusing Nasal Spray?\n * Cold & Allergy Quiz: Do You Know the Difference?\n * Video: 5 Things to Know About Neti Pots\n * How to Survive Spring Allergy Season\n * Anticholinergic (Decongestant) Nasal Allergy Sprays\n * Nasal Sprays for Allergies and Colds Topics\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n#### 12 Natural Ways to Defeat Allergies\n\nMake these tweaks to your diet, home, and lifestyle.\n\n#### Need Nasal Allergy Relief?\n\nBreathe easier with these products.\n\n#### 5 Tips to Cut Pet Allergies\n\nLive in harmony with your cat or dog.\n\n#### 10 Common Allergy Triggers\n\nWhich ones affect you?\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nArticle\n\n#### The Truth About Mucus\n\nArticle\n\n#### What Is Postnasal Drip?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Identify Bugs and Their Bites\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Natural Ways to Defeat Sinus Pain\n\nVideo\n\n#### Types of Allergy Tests\n\nArticle\n\n#### Anaphylactic Shock: What You Should Know\n\nAssessment\n\n#### Get Personalized Allergy and Sinus Tips\n\nQUIZ\n\n#### Test Your Indoor Allergy Smarts\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * What Are Sulfa Allergies?\n * Best Treatments for Allergies\n * Essential Items for Allergy Relief\n * Pets and Allergies\n * Get Your Allergies Under Control\n * Are You Allergic to Your Job?\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect\n * The Turning Point\n * Tired of Psoriasis?\n * Pediatric Hospital 101\n * Dupuytren’s Treatment\n * Answers for Infant Reflux\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Pediatric Surgery 101\n * Opioid Addiction\n * Fight Against Cancer\n * Treatments for Psoriasis\n * The HPV Vaccine\n * Missing Teeth?\n * Erectile Curvature\n * Bent Fingers?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * MS: Tools to Keep Your Mind Sharp\n * Treating Multiple Myeloma\n * Facts About Psoriasis\n * How MS Affects Your Mind\n * What Are Blocked Hair Follicles?\n * A Personal Story of RA\n * How to Treat a Crohn's Flare\n * Psoriasis in the Salon\n * Foods and Ulcerative Colitis\n * Common Psoriasis Triggers\n * Help for Your Psoriasis Problems\n * Living With Kidney Disease (ADPKD)\n * 10 Rheumatoid Arthritis Symptoms\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Multiple Myeloma Explained\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.drugs.com:80/mtm/dristan-sinus.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160401190001/http://www.drugs.com:80/mtm/dristan-sinus.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Dristan Sinus medical facts from Drugs.com", "passages": [ "Generic Name: ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine (EYE bue pro fen and SOO doe ee FED rin) Brand Name: Advil Cold & Sinus, Advil Cold and Sinus Liqui-Gel", "Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Ibuprofen works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body.", "Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that shrinks blood vessels in the nasal passages. Dilated blood vessels can cause nasal congestion (stuffy nose).", "Ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine is a combination medicine used to treat stuffy nose, sinus congestion, cough, and pain or fever caused by the common cold or flu.", "Ibuprofen can increase your risk of fatal heart attack or stroke, especially if you use it long term or take high doses, or if you have heart disease. Do not use this medicine just before or after heart bypass surgery (coronary artery bypass graft, or CABG).", "Ibuprofen may also cause stomach or intestinal bleeding, which can be fatal. These conditions can occur without warning, especially in older adults.", "Do not use ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine if you have used an MAO inhibitor in the past 14 days, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, or tranylcypromine.", "Ibuprofen can increase your risk of fatal heart attack or stroke, especially if you use it long term or take high doses, or if you have heart disease. Even people without heart disease or risk factors could have a stroke or heart attack while taking this medicine.", "Ibuprofen may also cause stomach or intestinal bleeding, which can be fatal. These conditions can occur without warning while you are using ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine, especially in older adults.", "You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to ibuprofen or pseudoephedrine, or if you have ever had an asthma attack or severe allergic reaction after taking aspirin or an NSAID.", "Do not use ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine if you have used an MAO inhibitor in the past 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. MAO inhibitors include isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine, and others.", "Taking ibuprofen during the last 3 months of pregnancy may harm the unborn baby. Do not use ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine without a doctor's advice if you are pregnant.", "It is not known whether ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medicine without a doctor's advice if you are breast-feeding a baby.", "Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger amounts or for longer than recommended. An overdose of ibuprofen can damage your stomach or intestines.", "Call your doctor if you have a fever lasting longer than 3 days, if you have new symptoms, or if your condition does not improve after taking this medication for 7 days.", "If you need surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time if you have taken this medicine within the past few days.", "Since ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine is used when needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. If you are on a schedule, use the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose.", "Overdose symptoms may include vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, ringing in your ears, severe drowsiness, agitation, sweating, coughing up blood, weak or shallow breathing, fainting, or seizure (convulsions).", "Avoid taking ibuprofen if you are taking aspirin to prevent stroke or heart attack. Ibuprofen can make aspirin less effective in protecting your heart and blood vessels. If you must use both medications, take the ibuprofen at least 8 hours before or 30 minutes after you take the aspirin (non-enteric coated form).", "Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using any other cough, cold, or pain medicine. Many combination medicines contain ibuprofen or pseudoephedrine. Taking certain products together can cause you to get too much of this medicine.", "Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: sneezing, runny or stuffy nose; wheezing or trouble breathing; hives; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.", "Get emergency medical help if you have signs of a heart attack or stroke: chest pain spreading to your jaw or shoulder, sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body, slurred speech, feeling short of breath.", "liver problems--upper stomach pain, vomiting, tired feeling, flu-like symptoms, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);", "kidney problems--little or no urinating, painful or difficult urination, swelling or rapid weight gain, feeling tired or short of breath;", "severe skin reaction--fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.", "This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.", "Ask your doctor before using ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine if you take an antidepressant such as citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine (Prozac), fluvoxamine, paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft), trazodone, or vilazodone. Taking any of these medicines with an NSAID may cause you to bruise or bleed easily.", "Ask a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to use ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine if you are also using any of the following drugs:", "This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with ibuprofen, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.", "Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.", "Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. ('Multum') is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.", "The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Available for Android and iOS devices.", "Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Data sources include Micromedex® (updated Mar 30th, 2016), Cerner MultumTM (updated Apr 1st, 2016), Wolters KluwerTM (updated Apr 1st, 2016) and others. To view content sources and attributions, please refer to our editorial policy." ] }, "parsed_md": "Dristan Sinus medical facts from Drugs.com\n\nSkip to Content\n\nTopics & Tools\n\n * Sign In\n\n * Sign In\n * Register\n\nMenu\n\nHome › Conditions › Sinus Symptoms › Dristan Sinus\n\nPrint Share\n\n# Dristan Sinus\n\nGeneric Name: ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine (EYE bue pro fen and SOO doe ee\nFED rin) Brand Name: Advil Cold & Sinus, Advil Cold and Sinus Liqui-Gel\n\n * Side Effects\n * Dosage\n * Interactions\n * More\n\n * Pregnancy Warnings\n * User Reviews\n * Drug Images\n * Support Group Q & A\n\n## What is Dristan Sinus (ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine)?\n\nIbuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Ibuprofen works by\nreducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body.\n\nPseudoephedrine is a decongestant that shrinks blood vessels in the nasal\npassages. Dilated blood vessels can cause nasal congestion (stuffy nose).\n\nIbuprofen and pseudoephedrine is a combination medicine used to treat stuffy\nnose, sinus congestion, cough, and pain or fever caused by the common cold or\nflu.\n\nIbuprofen and pseudoephedrine may also be used for purposes not listed in this\nmedication guide.\n\n## What is the most important information I should know about Dristan Sinus\n(ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine)?\n\nIbuprofen can increase your risk of fatal heart attack or stroke, especially\nif you use it long term or take high doses, or if you have heart disease. Do\nnot use this medicine just before or after heart bypass surgery (coronary\nartery bypass graft, or CABG).\n\nSlideshow\n\nPsoriasis - Treatment Options to Manage Your Symptoms\n\nIbuprofen may also cause stomach or intestinal bleeding, which can be fatal.\nThese conditions can occur without warning, especially in older adults.\n\nDo not use ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine if you have used an MAO inhibitor in\nthe past 14 days, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection,\nphenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, or tranylcypromine.\n\n## What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking Dristan\nSinus (ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine)?\n\nIbuprofen can increase your risk of fatal heart attack or stroke, especially\nif you use it long term or take high doses, or if you have heart disease. Even\npeople without heart disease or risk factors could have a stroke or heart\nattack while taking this medicine.\n\nDo not use this medicine just before or after heart bypass surgery (coronary\nartery bypass graft, or CABG).\n\nIbuprofen may also cause stomach or intestinal bleeding, which can be fatal.\nThese conditions can occur without warning while you are using ibuprofen and\npseudoephedrine, especially in older adults.\n\nYou should not use this medicine if you are allergic to ibuprofen or\npseudoephedrine, or if you have ever had an asthma attack or severe allergic\nreaction after taking aspirin or an NSAID.\n\nDo not use ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine if you have used an MAO inhibitor in\nthe past 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur. MAO inhibitors\ninclude isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue injection, phenelzine,\nrasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine, and others.\n\nDo not give ibuprofen to a child younger than 12 years old.\n\nAsk a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to take this medicine if you\nhave:\n\n * heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, or if you smoke;\n\n * a history of heart attack, stroke, or blood clot;\n\n * a history of stomach ulcers or bleeding;\n\n * asthma;\n\n * liver or kidney disease;\n\n * a thyroid disorder;\n\n * diabetes; or\n\n * enlarged prostate, urination problems.\n\nTaking ibuprofen during the last 3 months of pregnancy may harm the unborn\nbaby. Do not use ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine without a doctor's advice if\nyou are pregnant.\n\nIt is not known whether ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine passes into breast milk\nor if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medicine without a\ndoctor's advice if you are breast-feeding a baby.\n\n## How should I take Dristan Sinus (ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine)?\n\nUse exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not\nuse in larger amounts or for longer than recommended. An overdose of ibuprofen\ncan damage your stomach or intestines.\n\nTake this medicine with food or milk to lessen stomach upset.\n\nCall your doctor if you have a fever lasting longer than 3 days, if you have\nnew symptoms, or if your condition does not improve after taking this\nmedication for 7 days.\n\nIf you need surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time if you have taken this\nmedicine within the past few days.\n\nStore at room temperature away from moisture and heat.\n\n## What happens if I miss a dose?\n\nSince ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine is used when needed, you may not be on a\ndosing schedule. If you are on a schedule, use the missed dose as soon as you\nremember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled\ndose. Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose.\n\n## What happens if I overdose?\n\nSeek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at\n1-800-222-1222.\n\nOverdose symptoms may include vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, ringing in\nyour ears, severe drowsiness, agitation, sweating, coughing up blood, weak or\nshallow breathing, fainting, or seizure (convulsions).\n\n## What should I avoid while taking Dristan Sinus (ibuprofen and\npseudoephedrine)?\n\nAvoid drinking alcohol. It may increase your risk of stomach bleeding.\n\nAvoid taking aspirin while you are taking ibuprofen.\n\nAvoid taking ibuprofen if you are taking aspirin to prevent stroke or heart\nattack. Ibuprofen can make aspirin less effective in protecting your heart and\nblood vessels. If you must use both medications, take the ibuprofen at least 8\nhours before or 30 minutes after you take the aspirin (non-enteric coated\nform).\n\nAsk a doctor or pharmacist before using any other cough, cold, or pain\nmedicine. Many combination medicines contain ibuprofen or pseudoephedrine.\nTaking certain products together can cause you to get too much of this\nmedicine.\n\n## Dristan Sinus (ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine) side effects\n\nGet emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction:\nsneezing, runny or stuffy nose; wheezing or trouble breathing; hives; swelling\nof your face, lips, tongue, or throat.\n\nGet emergency medical help if you have signs of a heart attack or stroke:\nchest pain spreading to your jaw or shoulder, sudden numbness or weakness on\none side of the body, slurred speech, feeling short of breath.\n\nStop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have:\n\n * confusion, severe drowsiness, ringing in your ears, severe dizziness, feeling like you might pass out;\n\n * fast, pounding, or uneven heartbeat;\n\n * easy bruising or bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums);\n\n * the first sign of any skin rash, no matter how mild;\n\n * signs of stomach bleeding--bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds;\n\n * liver problems--upper stomach pain, vomiting, tired feeling, flu-like symptoms, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);\n\n * kidney problems--little or no urinating, painful or difficult urination, swelling or rapid weight gain, feeling tired or short of breath;\n\n * nerve problems--fever, headache, neck stiffness, chills, increased sensitivity to light, seizure (convulsions); or\n\n * severe skin reaction--fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.\n\nCommon side effects may include:\n\n * diarrhea, constipation;\n\n * headache, dizziness, drowsiness, weakness;\n\n * upset stomach, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite;\n\n * feeling anxious or excited;\n\n * sleep problems (insomnia); or\n\n * flushing (warmth, redness, or tingly feeling).\n\nThis is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your\ndoctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to\nFDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.\n\nSee also: Side effects (in more detail)\n\n## What other drugs will affect Dristan Sinus (ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine)?\n\nAsk your doctor before using ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine if you take an\nantidepressant such as citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine (Prozac),\nfluvoxamine, paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft), trazodone, or\nvilazodone. Taking any of these medicines with an NSAID may cause you to\nbruise or bleed easily.\n\nAsk a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to use ibuprofen and\npseudoephedrine if you are also using any of the following drugs:\n\n * lithium;\n\n * methotrexate;\n\n * a blood thinner (warfarin, Coumadin, Jantoven);\n\n * heart or blood pressure medication, including a diuretic or \"water pill\"; or\n\n * steroid medicine (such as prednisone).\n\nThis list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with ibuprofen, including\nprescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.\nNot all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.\n\nAdd to My Med List\n\n## More about Dristan Sinus (ibuprofen / pseudoephedrine)\n\n * Side Effects\n * During Pregnancy\n * Dosage Information\n * Drug Images\n * Drug Interactions\n * Support Group\n * 1 Review - Add your own review/rating\n\n### Consumer resources\n\n * Other brands: Advil Cold and Sinus, Advil Cold and Sinus Liqui-Gels\n\n### Related treatment guides\n\n * Sinus Symptoms\n\n## Where can I get more information?\n\n * Your pharmacist can provide more information about ibuprofen and pseudoephedrine.\n\n * Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.\n * Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. ('Multum') is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.\n\nCopyright 1996-2012 Cerner Multum, Inc. Version: 7.01. Revision Date:\n2015-12-04, 9:42:13 AM.\n\n## Drug Status\n\nAvailability OTC Over the counter\n\nPregnancy Category Multiple Risk depends on usage\n\nCSA Schedule N Not a controlled drug\n\nWADA Class WADA Anti-Doping Classification\n\nClose\n\nManufacturer\n\n * Pfizer Inc.\n\nDrug Class\n\nUpper respiratory combinations\n\nRelated Drugs\n\nSinus Symptoms Alka-Seltzer Plus Cold, Advil Cold and Sinus, Drixoral, Vicks\nDayquil Cold & Flu Relief, ibuprofen / pseudoephedrine, Conex, Alka-Seltzer\nCold and Sinus, guaifenesin / phenylephrine, Tylenol Sinus + Headache Day,\nDespec, Entex LA, Dixaphedrine, Sudafed PE Pressure + Pain, Dristan Cold Multi\nSymptom Formula, Aleve-D Sinus & Cold, Tylenol Allergy Multi-Symptom, codeine\n/ pseudoephedrine / triprolidine, More...\n\nFDA Consumer Updates\n\n * Fighting Allergy Season with Medications\n * Medications for High Blood Pressure\n * Irritable Bowel Syndrome Treatments Aren't One-Size-Fits-All\n * Fighting Diabetes' Deadly Impact on Minorities\n\nMore FDA updates\n\n#### Dristan Sinus Rating\n\n1 User Review 9.0/10\n\n1 User Review\n\n9.0| Rate it! \n---|--- \n \nDristan Sinus Images\n\nDristan Sinus (ibuprofen / pseudoephedrine) 200 MG-30 MG\n\n * View larger images\n\nRelated News and Articles\n\n * Acetaminophen Won't Help Arthritis Pain, Study Finds March 17, 2016\n * Health Tip: Managing a Fever at Home March 15, 2016\n * New Drug Shows Promise Against Severe Sinusitis February 3, 2016\n\nRelated Questions & Answers\n\n * What are the side effects?\n * Dristan Sinus - How can I treat breathing problem as result of dristan nasal spray?\n\nRead more questions...\n\n## Drugs.com Mobile Apps\n\nThe easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions\nand set up your own personal medication records. Available for Android and iOS\ndevices.\n\nExplore Apps\n\n#### Support\n\n * Help Center\n * Frequent Questions\n * Sitemap\n * Contact Us\n\n#### About\n\n * About Drugs.com\n * Advertising Policy\n * Content Submissions\n * Drugs.com Blog\n\n#### Terms & Privacy\n\n * Editorial Policy\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Attribution & Citations\n\n#### Connect\n\nSubscribe to receive email notifications whenever new articles are published.\n\nDrugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000\nprescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. This\nmaterial is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Data sources include Micromedex®\n(updated Mar 30th, 2016), Cerner MultumTM (updated Apr 1st, 2016), Wolters\nKluwerTM (updated Apr 1st, 2016) and others. To view content sources and\nattributions, please refer to our editorial policy.\n\n * We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information - verify here\n\n * Copyright © 2000-2016 Drugs.com. All rights reserved.\n\n * Like\n * Tweet\n * +1\n * Email\n\n##### Hide\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/patientinstructions/000404.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160704212215/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/patientinstructions/000404.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Nasal corticosteroid sprays: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia", "passages": [ "A nasal corticosteroid spray is different from other nasal sprays you can buy at the store to relieve symptoms of a cold.", "A corticosteroid spray works best when it is used every day. Your health care provider will recommend a daily schedule of the number of sprays for each nostril.", "You may also use the spray only when you need it, or as needed along with regular use. Regular use gives you better results.", "It may take 2 weeks or more for your symptoms to improve. Be patient. Relieving the symptoms can help you feel and sleep better, and lessen your symptoms during the day.", "Several brands of nasal corticosteroid sprays are available. They all have similar effects. Some require a prescription, but you can buy some without one.", "Make sure you understand your dosing instructions. Spray only the number of prescribed sprays in each nostril. Read the package instructions before using your spray the first time.", "Nasal corticosteroid sprays are safe for all adults. Some types are safe for children (age 2 and older). Pregnant women can safely use corticosteroid sprays.", "The sprays usually work only in the nasal passageway.They do not affect other parts of your body unless you use too much.", "Dryness, burning, or stinging in the nasal passage.You can lessen this effect by using the spray after showering or placing your head over a steamy sink for 5 to 10 minutes.", "In rare cases, perforation (hole or crack) in the nasal passageway may occur. This can happen if you spray into the middle of your nose instead of toward the outer wall.", "Make sure you or your child uses the spray exactly as prescribed to avoid side effects. If you or your child uses the spray regularly, ask your provider to examine your nasal passages now and then to make sure problems are not developing.", "American Academy of Family Physicians. Nasal sprays: how to use them correctly. Available at: familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases- conditions/allergic-rhinitis/treatment/nasal-sprays-how-to-use-them- correctly.html. Updated April 2014. Accessed October 19, 2015.", "Seidman MD, Gurgel RK, Lin SY, et al. Clinical practice guideline: Allergic rhinitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015;152(1 Suppl):S1-43. PMID: 25644617 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25644617.", "A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).", "The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions." ] }, "parsed_md": "Nasal corticosteroid sprays: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Encyclopedia →\n\nNasal corticosteroid sprays\n\nURL of this page:\n//www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/patientinstructions/000404.htm\n\n# Nasal corticosteroid sprays\n\nA nasal corticosteroid spray is a medicine to help make breathing through the\nnose easier.\n\n## How Does a Nasal Corticosteroid Spray Help you?\n\nA nasal corticosteroid spray reduces swelling and mucus in the nasal\npassageway. The sprays work well for treating:\n\n * Allergic rhinitis symptoms, such as congestion, runny nose, sneezing, itching, or swelling of the nasal passageway\n * Nasal polyps, which are noncancerous (benign) growths in the lining of the nasal passage\n\nA nasal corticosteroid spray is different from other nasal sprays you can buy\nat the store to relieve symptoms of a cold.\n\nA corticosteroid spray works best when it is used every day. Your health care\nprovider will recommend a daily schedule of the number of sprays for each\nnostril.\n\nYou may also use the spray only when you need it, or as needed along with\nregular use. Regular use gives you better results.\n\nIt may take 2 weeks or more for your symptoms to improve. Be patient.\nRelieving the symptoms can help you feel and sleep better, and lessen your\nsymptoms during the day.\n\nStarting a corticosteroid spray at the beginning of pollen season will work\nbest for decreasing symptoms during that season.\n\nSeveral brands of nasal corticosteroid sprays are available. They all have\nsimilar effects. Some require a prescription, but you can buy some without\none.\n\n## How do you use a Nasal Corticosteroid Spray?\n\nMake sure you understand your dosing instructions. Spray only the number of\nprescribed sprays in each nostril. Read the package instructions before using\nyour spray the first time.\n\nMost corticosteroid sprays suggest the following steps:\n\n * Wash your hands well.\n * Gently blow your nose to clear the passageway.\n * Shake the container several times.\n * Keep your head upright. DO NOT tilt your head back.\n * Breathe out.\n * Block 1 nostril with your finger.\n * Insert the nasal applicator into the other nostril.\n * Aim the spray toward the outer wall of the nostril.\n * Inhale slowly through the nose and press the spray applicator.\n * Breathe out and repeat to apply the prescribed number of sprays.\n * Repeat these steps for the other nostril.\n\nAvoid sneezing or blowing your nose right after spraying.\n\n## Side Effects\n\nNasal corticosteroid sprays are safe for all adults. Some types are safe for\nchildren (age 2 and older). Pregnant women can safely use corticosteroid\nsprays.\n\nThe sprays usually work only in the nasal passageway.They do not affect other\nparts of your body unless you use too much.\n\nSide effects may include any of these symptoms:\n\n * Dryness, burning, or stinging in the nasal passage.You can lessen this effect by using the spray after showering or placing your head over a steamy sink for 5 to 10 minutes.\n * Sneezing.\n * Throat irritation.\n * Headaches and nosebleed (uncommon, but report these to your provider right away).\n * Infection in the nasal passages.\n * In rare cases, perforation (hole or crack) in the nasal passageway may occur. This can happen if you spray into the middle of your nose instead of toward the outer wall.\n\nMake sure you or your child uses the spray exactly as prescribed to avoid side\neffects. If you or your child uses the spray regularly, ask your provider to\nexamine your nasal passages now and then to make sure problems are not\ndeveloping.\n\n## When to Call the Doctor\n\nCall your provider if you have:\n\n * Nasal irritation, bleeding, or other new nasal symptoms\n * Continued allergy symptoms after repeated use of nasal corticosteroids\n * Questions or concerns about your symptoms\n * Trouble using the medicine\n\n## Alternative Names\n\nSteroid nasal sprays; Allergies - nasal corticosteroid sprays\n\n## References\n\nAmerican Academy of Family Physicians. Nasal sprays: how to use them\ncorrectly. Available at: familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-\nconditions/allergic-rhinitis/treatment/nasal-sprays-how-to-use-them-\ncorrectly.html. Updated April 2014. Accessed October 19, 2015.\n\nCorren J, Baroody FM, Pawankar R. Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis. In:\nAdkinson NF Jr., Bochner BS, Burks AW, et al, eds. Middleton's Allergy:\nPrinciples and Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders;\n2014:chap 42.\n\nSeidman MD, Gurgel RK, Lin SY, et al. Clinical practice guideline: Allergic\nrhinitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015;152(1 Suppl):S1-43. PMID: 25644617\nwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25644617.\n\n## Update Date 10/4/2015\n\nUpdated by: Stuart I. Henochowicz, MD, FACP, Associate Clinical Professor of\nMedicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Georgetown\nUniversity Medical School, Washington, DC. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD,\nMHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.\n\n## Related MedlinePlus Health Topics\n\n * Allergy\n * Medicines\n * Nose Injuries and Disorders\n\nBrowse the Encyclopedia\n\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation\nHealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an\nindependent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of\nquality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this\nimportant distinction for online health information and services. Learn more\nabout A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy.\nA.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the\nprinciples of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\n\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Get email updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n\n * Disclaimers\n * Copyright\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility\n * Quality Guidelines\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated: 07 June 2016\n\n" } ]
57,354
How To Teach Your Dog to Shake Hands
To teach your dog to shake hands, start by having it sit down. Then, show your dog a treat to get its attention, and say the word “Paw” or “Shake” while you hold the treat in your fist in front of it. When your dog starts to raise a paw as if reaching for the treat, say “Yes!” and give it the treat. Continue practicing until your dog is lifting a paw on command, rewarding it every time it shakes hands. If your dog isn’t quite getting it, try picking up its paw and holding it for a second, offering praise and then a treat once it has shaken hands with you.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20190627013336/http://www.dogs-day.com:80/tricks-and-fun/teach-give-paw-or-shake-hands", "http://web.archive.org/web/20151016064651/https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/dog-behavior/foods-are-hazardous-dogs", "http://web.archive.org/web/20181008035909/http://www.humanesociety.org:80/animals/dogs/tips/dog_training_positive_reinforcement.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201024211011/https://www.dog-obedience-training-review.com/shake-a-paw.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20151025123601/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/dog-behavior/teaching-your-dog-sit" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "http://www.dogs-day.com:80/tricks-and-fun/teach-give-paw-or-shake-hands", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190627013336/http://www.dogs-day.com:80/tricks-and-fun/teach-give-paw-or-shake-hands", "parsed_text": { "title": "Teach 'Give Paw' or 'Shake Hands'", "passages": [ "Teach your dog to 'shake hands' or 'give paw'. This trick is simple to teach and can form the basis of more advanced tricks.", "Begin with a pocket full of small tasty treats. Put one in the palm of your hand and put your thumb over it - so your dog knows its there but can not get to it. Ask your dog to sit, and kneel down in front of him, holding out the hand with the treat in it. Most curious dogs will sniff, and then try to get you to release the treat using their mouth or their paw. If the dog uses his mouth to try to get the treat, just ignore him, and sit there waiting. Eventually your dog will try to get it with his paw, when he does click (if you are clicker training) or give your cue word (such as 'good' or 'yes!') and remove your thumb allowing them access to the treat. Repeat this until your dog is using his paw every time - then start adding in the cue word - like 'paw' or 'shake'. When your dog is becoming familiar with this exercise try holding out your hand palm up but with no treat and give the cue word - hopefully your dog will respond by giving you his paw. If he does - congratulations! Click, or praise, and treat. If not, just go back a step and continue using the treats to reinforce the behaviour and try again with the empty hand later.", "Most dogs pick this trick up quickly in one or two sessions. Once your dog has learned to give one paw, try training him to give the other paw by using your other hand to hold the treat, and teach him a separate cue word for his other paw. For example if you taught him to give his right paw for the command 'Shake' use 'Paw' for his left paw." ] }, "parsed_md": "Teach 'Give Paw' or 'Shake Hands' - Dogs Day\n\n * Home\n * Dog Training\n * Help & Advice\n * Reviews\n * Dog Food Recipes\n * Dog Names\n\n### Site Menu\n\n * Home\n * Dog Training\n * Dog Health & Advice\n * Dog Food Recipes\n * Reviews\n * Dog Names\n\nTeach 'Give Paw' or 'Shake Hands' \n--- \n \nTeach your dog to 'shake hands' or 'give paw'. This trick is simple to teach\nand can form the basis of more advanced tricks.\n\nBegin with a pocket full of small tasty treats. Put one in the palm of your\nhand and put your thumb over it - so your dog knows its there but can not get\nto it. Ask your dog to sit, and kneel down in front of him, holding out the\nhand with the treat in it. Most curious dogs will sniff, and then try to get\nyou to release the treat using their mouth or their paw. If the dog uses his\nmouth to try to get the treat, just ignore him, and sit there waiting.\nEventually your dog will try to get it with his paw, when he does click (if\nyou are clicker training) or give your cue word (such as 'good' or 'yes!') and\nremove your thumb allowing them access to the treat. Repeat this until your\ndog is using his paw every time - then start adding in the cue word - like\n'paw' or 'shake'. When your dog is becoming familiar with this exercise try\nholding out your hand palm up but with no treat and give the cue word -\nhopefully your dog will respond by giving you his paw. If he does -\ncongratulations! Click, or praise, and treat. If not, just go back a step and\ncontinue using the treats to reinforce the behaviour and try again with the\nempty hand later.\n\nMost dogs pick this trick up quickly in one or two sessions. Once your dog has\nlearned to give one paw, try training him to give the other paw by using your\nother hand to hold the treat, and teach him a separate cue word for his other\npaw. For example if you taught him to give his right paw for the command\n'Shake' use 'Paw' for his left paw. \n \n--- \n \nJoomla SEF URLs by Artio\n\n### Poll - Bed Time\n\n©2008 dogsday.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/dog-behavior/foods-are-hazardous-dogs", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151016064651/https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/dog-behavior/foods-are-hazardous-dogs", "parsed_text": { "title": "Foods That Are Hazardous to Dogs", "passages": [ "Most dogs love food, and they’re especially attracted to what they see us eating. While sharing the occasional tidbit with your dog is fine, it’s important to be aware that some foods can be very dangerous to dogs. Take caution to make sure your dog never gets access to the foods below. Even if you don’t give him table scraps, your dog might eat something that’s hazardous to his health if he raids kitchen counters, cupboards and trash cans. For advice on teaching your dog not to steal food, please see our article, Counter Surfing and Garbage Raiding.", "Avocado leaves, fruit, seeds and bark may contain a toxic principle known as persin. The Guatemalan variety, a common one found in stores, appears to be the most problematic. Other varieties of avocado can have different degrees of toxic potential.", "Birds, rabbits, and some large animals, including horses, are especially sensitive to avocados, as they can have respiratory distress, congestion, fluid accumulation around the heart, and even death from consuming avocado. While avocado is toxic to some animals, in dogs and cats, we do not expect to see serious signs of illness. In some dogs and cats, mild stomach upset may occur if the animal eats a significant amount of avocado flesh or peel. Ingestion of the pit can lead to obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract, which is a serious situation requiring urgent veterinary care.", "Avocado is sometimes included in pet foods for nutritional benefit. We would generally not expect avocado meal or oil present in commercial pet foods to pose a hazard to dogs and cats.", "Raw bread dough made with live yeast can be hazardous if ingested by dogs. When raw dough is swallowed, the warm, moist environment of the stomach provides an ideal environment for the yeast to multiply, resulting in an expanding mass of dough in the stomach. Expansion of the stomach may be severe enough to decrease blood flow to the stomach wall, resulting in the death of tissue. Additionally, the expanding stomach may press on the diaphragm, resulting in breathing difficulty. Perhaps more importantly, as the yeast multiplies, it produces alcohols that can be absorbed, resulting in alcohol intoxication. Affected dogs may have distended abdomens and show signs such as a lack of coordination, disorientation, stupor and vomiting (or attempts to vomit). In extreme cases, coma or seizures may occur and could lead to death from alcohol intoxication. Dogs showing mild signs should be closely monitored, and dogs with severe abdominal distention or dogs who are so inebriated that they can’t stand up should be monitored by a veterinarian until they recover.", "Chocolate intoxication is most commonly seen around certain holidays—like Easter, Christmas, Halloween and Valentine’s Day—but it can happen any time dogs have access to products that contain chocolate, such as chocolate candy, cookies, brownies, chocolate baking goods, cocoa powder and cocoa shell-based mulches. The compounds in chocolate that cause toxicosis are caffeine and theobromine, which belong to a group of chemicals called methylxanthines. The rule of thumb with chocolate is “the darker it is, the more dangerous it is.” White chocolate has very few methylxanthines and is of low toxicity. Dark baker’s chocolate has very high levels of methylxanthines, and plain, dry unsweetened cocoa powder contains the most concentrated levels of methylxanthines. Depending on the type and amount of chocolate ingested, the signs seen can range from vomiting, increased thirst, abdominal discomfort and restlessness to severe agitation, muscle tremors, irregular heart rhythm, high body temperature, seizures and death. Dogs showing more than mild restlessness should be seen by a veterinarian immediately.", "Dogs are far more sensitive to ethanol than humans are. Even ingesting a small amount of a product containing alcohol can cause significant intoxication. Dogs may be exposed to alcohol through drinking alcoholic drinks, such as beer, wine or mixed drinks (those with milk, like White Russians and “fortified” egg nog, are especially appealing to dogs), alcohol-containing elixirs and syrups, and raw yeast bread dough (please see the above section on bread dough). Alcohol intoxication commonly causes vomiting, loss of coordination, disorientation and stupor. In severe cases, coma, seizures and death may occur. Dogs showing mild signs of alcohol intoxication should be closely monitored, and dogs who are so inebriated that they can’t stand up should be monitored by a veterinarian until they recover.", "Grapes and raisins have recently been associated with the development of kidney failure in dogs. At this time, the exact cause of the kidney failure isn’t clear, nor is it clear why some dogs can eat these fruits without harm, while others develop life-threatening problems after eating even a few grapes or raisins. Some dogs eat these fruits and experience no ill effects—but then eat them later on and become very ill. Until the cause of the toxicosis is better identified, the safest course of action is to avoid feeding grapes or raisins to your dog. Dogs experiencing grape or raisin toxicosis usually develop vomiting, lethargy or diarrhea within 12 hours of ingestion. As signs progress, dogs become increasingly lethargic and dehydrated, refuse to eat and may show a transient increase in urination followed by decreased or absent urination in later stages. Death due to kidney failure may occur within three to four days, or long-term kidney disease may persist in dogs who survive the acute intoxication. Successful treatment requires prompt veterinary treatment to maintain good urine flow.", "Cultivated hops used for brewing beer have been associated with potentially life-threatening signs in dogs who have ingested them. Both fresh and spent (cooked) hops have been implicated in poisoning dogs. Affected dogs develop an uncontrollably high body temperature (often greater than 108 degrees Fahrenheit), which results in damage to and failure of multiple organ systems. Dogs poisoned by hops become restless, pant excessively, and may have muscle tremors and seizures. Prompt veterinary intervention is necessary to prevent death in these dogs.", "Although macadamia nut toxicosis is unlikely to be fatal in dogs, it can cause very uncomfortable symptoms that may persist for up to 48 hours. Affected dogs develop weakness in their rear legs, appear to be in pain, may have tremors and may develop a low grade fever. Fortunately, these signs will gradually subside over 48 hours, but dogs experiencing more than mild symptoms can benefit from veterinary care, which may include intravenous fluid therapy and pain control.", "A wide variety of molds grow on food. Some produce toxins called tremorgenic mycotoxins, which can cause serious or even life-threatening problems if ingested by dogs. Unfortunately, it’s not possible to determine whether a particular mold is producing tremorgenic mycotoxins, so the safest rule of thumb is to avoid feeding dogs moldy food. In other words, if you wouldn’t eat it, neither should your dog. Promptly remove any trash or moldy debris (road- kill, fallen walnuts or fruit, etc.) from your dog’s environment to prevent him from eating it. The signs of tremorgenic mycotoxin poisoning generally begin as fine muscle tremors that progress to very coarse total-body tremors and, finally, convulsions that can lead to death in severe cases. Left untreated, these tremors can last for several weeks. Fortunately, they usually respond well to appropriate veterinary treatment.", "All close members of the onion family (shallots, onions, garlic, scallions, etc.) contain compounds that can damage dogs’ red blood cells if ingested in sufficient quantities. A rule of thumb is “the stronger it is, the more toxic it is.” Garlic tends to be more toxic than onions, on an ounce-for-ounce basis. While it’s uncommon for dogs to eat enough raw onions and garlic to cause serious problems, exposure to concentrated forms of onion or garlic, such as dehydrated onions, onion soup mix or garlic powder, may put dogs at risk of toxicosis. The damage to the red blood cells caused by onions and garlic generally doesn’t become apparent until three to five days after a dog eats these vegetables. Affected dogs may seem weak or reluctant to move, or they may appear to tire easily after mild exercise. Their urine may be orange- tinged to dark red in color. These dogs should be examined by a veterinarian immediately. In severe cases, blood transfusions may be needed.", "Xylitol is a non-caloric sweetener that is widely used in sugar-free gum, as well as in sugar-free baked products. In humans, xylitol does not affect blood sugar levels, but in dogs, ingestion of xylitol can lead to a rapid and severe drop in blood sugar levels. Dogs may develop disorientation and seizures within 30 minutes of ingesting xylitol-containing products, or signs may be delayed for several hours. Some dogs who ingest large amounts of xylitol develop liver failure, which can be fatal. All dogs ingesting xylitol- containing products should be examined by a veterinarian immediately.", "Pica is a syndrome that describes the consumption of non-food items. There are various causes behind Pica in dogs, including a lack of nutrients in a dog’s diet, or boredom. Learn more about why dogs eat non-food items, and what to do to prevent your dog from engaging in this type of behavior.", "Resource guarding in dogs can range from relatively benign behavior, like running away with a coveted item or growling at an approaching person, to full-blown aggression, such as biting or chasing a person away. Learn how to work on this behavior.", "Dogs are naturally curious and love to get into everything. Dogs also love food, especially the food they see us eat. So it’s not surprising that pet parents often have problems keeping dogs from “counter surfing” and raiding the...", "The act of dogs consuming their own or other animals’ feces is known as coprophagia. Although it’s not known exactly why it occurs, coprophagia is a normal behavior in many species, including dogs. Ingesting one’s own or other...", "What happens when you walk into a house and encounter the delicious aroma of your favorite home-cooked meal or freshly baked cookies? You probably gravitate toward the kitchen without even thinking about it, especially if you’re hungry....", "In 2012, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) in Urbana, Illinois, handled more than 180,000 cases about pets exposed to possibly poisonous substances.", "© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization." ] }, "parsed_md": "Foods That Are Hazardous to Dogs | ASPCA\n\n## Main menu\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n * Adopt\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n * NYC\n * Blog\n * Get Involved\n * For Parents\n * About Us\n * Donate\n\nFollow Us On:\n\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\n\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\n\nBecome a Member »\n\nASPCA\n\nPet Care\n\n## You are here\n\nHome > Pet Care > Virtual Pet Behaviorist > Dog Behavior > Foods That Are\nHazardous to Dogs\n\n# Foods That Are Hazardous to Dogs\n\n## Bookmark/Search this post\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Google Plus One\n\n * Email\n * Print\n\nMost dogs love food, and they’re especially attracted to what they see us\neating. While sharing the occasional tidbit with your dog is fine, it’s\nimportant to be aware that some foods can be very dangerous to dogs. Take\ncaution to make sure your dog never gets access to the foods below. Even if\nyou don’t give him table scraps, your dog might eat something that’s hazardous\nto his health if he raids kitchen counters, cupboards and trash cans. For\nadvice on teaching your dog not to steal food, please see our article, Counter\nSurfing and Garbage Raiding.\n\nAvocado\n\nAvocado leaves, fruit, seeds and bark may contain a toxic principle known as\npersin. The Guatemalan variety, a common one found in stores, appears to be\nthe most problematic. Other varieties of avocado can have different degrees of\ntoxic potential.\n\nBirds, rabbits, and some large animals, including horses, are especially\nsensitive to avocados, as they can have respiratory distress, congestion,\nfluid accumulation around the heart, and even death from consuming avocado.\nWhile avocado is toxic to some animals, in dogs and cats, we do not expect to\nsee serious signs of illness. In some dogs and cats, mild stomach upset may\noccur if the animal eats a significant amount of avocado flesh or peel.\nIngestion of the pit can lead to obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract,\nwhich is a serious situation requiring urgent veterinary care.\n\nAvocado is sometimes included in pet foods for nutritional benefit. We would\ngenerally not expect avocado meal or oil present in commercial pet foods to\npose a hazard to dogs and cats.\n\nBread Dough\n\nRaw bread dough made with live yeast can be hazardous if ingested by dogs.\nWhen raw dough is swallowed, the warm, moist environment of the stomach\nprovides an ideal environment for the yeast to multiply, resulting in an\nexpanding mass of dough in the stomach. Expansion of the stomach may be severe\nenough to decrease blood flow to the stomach wall, resulting in the death of\ntissue. Additionally, the expanding stomach may press on the diaphragm,\nresulting in breathing difficulty. Perhaps more importantly, as the yeast\nmultiplies, it produces alcohols that can be absorbed, resulting in alcohol\nintoxication. Affected dogs may have distended abdomens and show signs such as\na lack of coordination, disorientation, stupor and vomiting (or attempts to\nvomit). In extreme cases, coma or seizures may occur and could lead to death\nfrom alcohol intoxication. Dogs showing mild signs should be closely\nmonitored, and dogs with severe abdominal distention or dogs who are so\ninebriated that they can’t stand up should be monitored by a veterinarian\nuntil they recover.\n\nChocolate\n\nChocolate intoxication is most commonly seen around certain holidays—like\nEaster, Christmas, Halloween and Valentine’s Day—but it can happen any time\ndogs have access to products that contain chocolate, such as chocolate candy,\ncookies, brownies, chocolate baking goods, cocoa powder and cocoa shell-based\nmulches. The compounds in chocolate that cause toxicosis are caffeine and\ntheobromine, which belong to a group of chemicals called methylxanthines. The\nrule of thumb with chocolate is “the darker it is, the more dangerous it is.”\nWhite chocolate has very few methylxanthines and is of low toxicity. Dark\nbaker’s chocolate has very high levels of methylxanthines, and plain, dry\nunsweetened cocoa powder contains the most concentrated levels of\nmethylxanthines. Depending on the type and amount of chocolate ingested, the\nsigns seen can range from vomiting, increased thirst, abdominal discomfort and\nrestlessness to severe agitation, muscle tremors, irregular heart rhythm, high\nbody temperature, seizures and death. Dogs showing more than mild restlessness\nshould be seen by a veterinarian immediately.\n\nEthanol (Also Known as Ethyl Alcohol, Grain Alcohol or Drinking Alcohol)\n\nDogs are far more sensitive to ethanol than humans are. Even ingesting a small\namount of a product containing alcohol can cause significant intoxication.\nDogs may be exposed to alcohol through drinking alcoholic drinks, such as\nbeer, wine or mixed drinks (those with milk, like White Russians and\n“fortified” egg nog, are especially appealing to dogs), alcohol-containing\nelixirs and syrups, and raw yeast bread dough (please see the above section on\nbread dough). Alcohol intoxication commonly causes vomiting, loss of\ncoordination, disorientation and stupor. In severe cases, coma, seizures and\ndeath may occur. Dogs showing mild signs of alcohol intoxication should be\nclosely monitored, and dogs who are so inebriated that they can’t stand up\nshould be monitored by a veterinarian until they recover.\n\nGrapes and Raisins\n\nGrapes and raisins have recently been associated with the development of\nkidney failure in dogs. At this time, the exact cause of the kidney failure\nisn’t clear, nor is it clear why some dogs can eat these fruits without harm,\nwhile others develop life-threatening problems after eating even a few grapes\nor raisins. Some dogs eat these fruits and experience no ill effects—but then\neat them later on and become very ill. Until the cause of the toxicosis is\nbetter identified, the safest course of action is to avoid feeding grapes or\nraisins to your dog. Dogs experiencing grape or raisin toxicosis usually\ndevelop vomiting, lethargy or diarrhea within 12 hours of ingestion. As signs\nprogress, dogs become increasingly lethargic and dehydrated, refuse to eat and\nmay show a transient increase in urination followed by decreased or absent\nurination in later stages. Death due to kidney failure may occur within three\nto four days, or long-term kidney disease may persist in dogs who survive the\nacute intoxication. Successful treatment requires prompt veterinary treatment\nto maintain good urine flow.\n\nHops\n\nCultivated hops used for brewing beer have been associated with potentially\nlife-threatening signs in dogs who have ingested them. Both fresh and spent\n(cooked) hops have been implicated in poisoning dogs. Affected dogs develop an\nuncontrollably high body temperature (often greater than 108 degrees\nFahrenheit), which results in damage to and failure of multiple organ systems.\nDogs poisoned by hops become restless, pant excessively, and may have muscle\ntremors and seizures. Prompt veterinary intervention is necessary to prevent\ndeath in these dogs.\n\nMacadamia Nuts\n\nAlthough macadamia nut toxicosis is unlikely to be fatal in dogs, it can cause\nvery uncomfortable symptoms that may persist for up to 48 hours. Affected dogs\ndevelop weakness in their rear legs, appear to be in pain, may have tremors\nand may develop a low grade fever. Fortunately, these signs will gradually\nsubside over 48 hours, but dogs experiencing more than mild symptoms can\nbenefit from veterinary care, which may include intravenous fluid therapy and\npain control.\n\nMoldy Foods\n\nA wide variety of molds grow on food. Some produce toxins called tremorgenic\nmycotoxins, which can cause serious or even life-threatening problems if\ningested by dogs. Unfortunately, it’s not possible to determine whether a\nparticular mold is producing tremorgenic mycotoxins, so the safest rule of\nthumb is to avoid feeding dogs moldy food. In other words, if you wouldn’t eat\nit, neither should your dog. Promptly remove any trash or moldy debris (road-\nkill, fallen walnuts or fruit, etc.) from your dog’s environment to prevent\nhim from eating it. The signs of tremorgenic mycotoxin poisoning generally\nbegin as fine muscle tremors that progress to very coarse total-body tremors\nand, finally, convulsions that can lead to death in severe cases. Left\nuntreated, these tremors can last for several weeks. Fortunately, they usually\nrespond well to appropriate veterinary treatment.\n\nOnions and Garlic\n\nAll close members of the onion family (shallots, onions, garlic, scallions,\netc.) contain compounds that can damage dogs’ red blood cells if ingested in\nsufficient quantities. A rule of thumb is “the stronger it is, the more toxic\nit is.” Garlic tends to be more toxic than onions, on an ounce-for-ounce\nbasis. While it’s uncommon for dogs to eat enough raw onions and garlic to\ncause serious problems, exposure to concentrated forms of onion or garlic,\nsuch as dehydrated onions, onion soup mix or garlic powder, may put dogs at\nrisk of toxicosis. The damage to the red blood cells caused by onions and\ngarlic generally doesn’t become apparent until three to five days after a dog\neats these vegetables. Affected dogs may seem weak or reluctant to move, or\nthey may appear to tire easily after mild exercise. Their urine may be orange-\ntinged to dark red in color. These dogs should be examined by a veterinarian\nimmediately. In severe cases, blood transfusions may be needed.\n\nXylitol\n\nXylitol is a non-caloric sweetener that is widely used in sugar-free gum, as\nwell as in sugar-free baked products. In humans, xylitol does not affect blood\nsugar levels, but in dogs, ingestion of xylitol can lead to a rapid and severe\ndrop in blood sugar levels. Dogs may develop disorientation and seizures\nwithin 30 minutes of ingesting xylitol-containing products, or signs may be\ndelayed for several hours. Some dogs who ingest large amounts of xylitol\ndevelop liver failure, which can be fatal. All dogs ingesting xylitol-\ncontaining products should be examined by a veterinarian immediately.\n\n## Related Links\n\nPica (Eating Things That Aren't Food)\n\nPica is a syndrome that describes the consumption of non-food items. There are\nvarious causes behind Pica in dogs, including a lack of nutrients in a dog’s\ndiet, or boredom. Learn more about why dogs eat non-food items, and what to do\nto prevent your dog from engaging in this type of behavior.\n\nDoes Your Dog Guard His Food?\n\nResource guarding in dogs can range from relatively benign behavior, like\nrunning away with a coveted item or growling at an approaching person, to\nfull-blown aggression, such as biting or chasing a person away. Learn how to\nwork on this behavior.\n\nCounter Surfing and Garbage Raiding\n\nDogs are naturally curious and love to get into everything. Dogs also love\nfood, especially the food they see us eat. So it&rsquo;s not surprising that\npet parents often have problems keeping dogs from &ldquo;counter\nsurfing&rdquo; and raiding the...\n\nDogs Who Eat Poop\n\nThe act of dogs consuming their own or other animals&rsquo; feces is known as\ncoprophagia. Although it&rsquo;s not known exactly why it occurs, coprophagia\nis a normal behavior in many species, including dogs. Ingesting one&rsquo;s\nown or other...\n\nBegging at the Table\n\nWhat happens when you walk into a house and encounter the delicious aroma of\nyour favorite home-cooked meal or freshly baked cookies? You probably\ngravitate toward the kitchen without even thinking about it, especially if\nyou&rsquo;re hungry....\n\nTop Pet Toxins of 2012\n\nIn 2012, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) in Urbana, Illinois,\nhandled more than 180,000 cases about pets exposed to possibly poisonous\nsubstances.\n\n## In this Section\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Cats\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Horse\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n\n * Donate Today\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n\n## Our Partners\n\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\n\n#### Protect Your Pets\n\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\n\nJoin Team ASPCA\n\nDonate Your Birthday\n\n## Related Blog posts\n\nAnimal Poison Control Alert: Macadamia Nuts are Toxic to Dogs\n\nTuesday, October 13, 2015\n\nAre Your Kids Heading Back to School? Read our Pet Safety Tips\n\nThursday, September 10, 2015\n\nTopical Creams Can Pose Danger to Pets\n\nTuesday, April 28, 2015\n\nTen Most Common Pet Toxins of 2014\n\nWednesday, April 15, 2015\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n\n * Report Animal Cruelty\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\n * Advocacy Center\n * View More »\n * Adopt\n\n * Adoptable Dogs\n * Adoptable Cats\n * Adoption Tips\n * Meet Your Match\n * Find a Shelter\n * View More »\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n * Cat Care\n * Dog Care\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\n * Pet Planning\n * View More »\n * NYC\n\n * Adoption Center\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\n * View More »\n * Get Involved\n\n * Join Team ASPCA\n * Advocacy Center\n * Donate Your Birthday\n * Create a Memorial Page\n * Create a Wedding Page\n * View More »\n * About Us\n\n * Pressroom\n * Jobs\n * Corporate Partnerships\n * ASPCA Grants\n * Policies and Positions\n * Annual Report & Form 990\n * View More »\n * Donate\n\n * Make a Donation\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n * Planned Giving\n * Memorial Gift\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\n * Vehicle Donations\n * Other Ways to Give »\n\n## Footer Info Menu\n\n * FAQ\n * Legal Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of\nCruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\n\n## Footer Contact Menu\n\n * ASPCApro.org »\n * Contact\n * Jobs\n * Pressroom\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.humanesociety.org:80/animals/dogs/tips/dog_training_positive_reinforcement.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181008035909/http://www.humanesociety.org:80/animals/dogs/tips/dog_training_positive_reinforcement.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Dogs: Positive Reinforcement Training : The Humane Society of the United States", "passages": [ "Remember how happy you were if your parents gave you a dollar for every A on your report card? They made you want to do it again, right? That's positive reinforcement.", "Dogs don't care about money. They care about praise ... and food. Positive reinforcement training uses praise and/or treats to reward your dog for doing something you want him to do. Because the reward makes him more likely to repeat the behavior, positive reinforcement is one of your most powerful tools for shaping or changing your dog's behavior.", "Rewarding your dog for good behavior sounds pretty simple, and it is! But to practice the technique effectively, you need to follow some basic guidelines.", "The reward must occur immediately—within seconds—or your pet may not associate it with the proper action. For example, if you have your dog sit but reward him after he's stood back up, he'll think he's being rewarded for standing up.", "Using a clicker to mark the correct behavior can improve your timing and also help your dog understand the connection between the correct behavior and the treat.", "Dogs don't understand sentences. \"Daisy, I want you to be a good girl and sit for me now\" will likely earn you a blank stare.", "Everyone in the family should use the same commands; otherwise, your dog may be confused. It might help to post a list of commands where everyone can become familiar with them.", "The good: Positive reinforcement is great for teaching your dog commands, and it's also a good way of reinforcing good behavior. You may have your dog sit", "Give him a pat or a \"Good dog\" for lying quietly by your feet, or slip a treat into a Kong®-type toy when he's chewing it instead of your shoe.", "The bad: Be careful that you don't inadvertently use positive reinforcement to reward unwanted behaviors. For example, if you let your dog outside every time he barks at a noise in the neighborhood, you're giving him a reward (access to the yard) for behavior you want to discourage.", "It can take time for your dog to learn certain behaviors. You may need to use a technique called \"shaping,\" which means reinforcing something close to the desired response and then gradually requiring more from your dog before he gets the treat.", "For example, if you're teaching your dog to \"shake hands,\" you may initially reward him for lifting his paw off the ground, then for lifting it higher, then for touching your hand, then for letting you hold his paw, and finally, for actually \"shaking hands\" with you.", "Positive reinforcement can include food treats, praise, petting, or a favorite toy or game. Since most dogs are highly food-motivated, food treats work especially well for training.", "A treat should be enticing and irresistible to your pet. Experiment a bit to see which treats work best for your pet.", "It should be a very small (pea-size or even smaller for little dogs), soft piece of food, so that he will immediately gulp it down and look to you for more. Don't give your dog something he has to chew or that breaks into bits and falls on the floor.", "Keep a variety of treats handy so your dog won't become bored getting the same treat every time. You can carry the treats in a pocket or fanny pack.", "Each time you use a food reward, you should couple it with a verbal reward (praise). Say something like, \"Yes!\" or \"Good dog,\" in a positive, happy tone of voice. Then give your dog a treat.", "If your dog isn't as motivated by food treats, a toy, petting, or brief play can be very effective rewards.", "When your pet is learning a new behavior, reward him every time he does the behavior. This is called continuous reinforcement.", "Once your pet has reliably learned the behavior, you want to switch to intermittent reinforcement, in which you continue with praise, but gradually reduce the number of times he receives a treat for doing the desired behavior.", "At first, reward him with the treat four out of every five times he does the behavior. Over time, reward him three out of five times, then two out of five times, and so on, until you're only rewarding him occasionally.", "Continue to praise him every time—although once your dog has learned the behavior, your praise can be less effusive, such as a quiet but positive, \"Good dog.\"", "Use a variable schedule of reinforcement so that he doesn't catch on that he only has to respond every other time. Your pet will soon learn that if he keeps responding, eventually he'll get what he wants—your praise and an occasional treat.", "By understanding positive reinforcement, you'll see that you're not forever bound to carry a pocketful of goodies. Your dog will soon be working for your verbal praise, because he wants to please you and knows that, occasionally, he'll get a treat, too.", "The HSUS^® is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions to The HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. The HSUS's tax identification number is 53-0225390.", "*Message and data rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out. We'll text you approximately once a month. Terms & Conditions/Privacy Policy" ] }, "parsed_md": "Dogs: Positive Reinforcement Training : The Humane Society of the United\nStates\n\n * Skip to nav\n * Skip to content\n\n * News\n * Video\n * Animals\n\n * Pets\n * Wild Neighbors\n * Animals A-Z\n * Our Care Centers\n * Our Work\n * Magazines\n * About Us\n * Ways to Give\n\nDONATE\n\nOctober 15, 2012\n\n# Dogs: Positive Reinforcement Training\n\nJust say yes to training your dog with treats and praise\n\nThe Humane Society of the United States\n\n * iStockPhoto\n\nRemember how happy you were if your parents gave you a dollar for every A on\nyour report card? They made you want to do it again, right? That's positive\nreinforcement.\n\nDogs don't care about money. They care about praise ... and food. Positive\nreinforcement training uses praise and/or treats to reward your dog for doing\nsomething you want him to do. Because the reward makes him more likely to\nrepeat the behavior, positive reinforcement is one of your most powerful tools\nfor shaping or changing your dog's behavior.\n\nRewarding your dog for good behavior sounds pretty simple, and it is! But to\npractice the technique effectively, you need to follow some basic guidelines.\n\n### Timing is everything\n\nCorrect timing is essential when using positive reinforcement.\n\n * The reward must occur immediately—within seconds—or your pet may not associate it with the proper action. For example, if you have your dog sit but reward him after he's stood back up, he'll think he's being rewarded for standing up.\n * Using a clicker to mark the correct behavior can improve your timing and also help your dog understand the connection between the correct behavior and the treat.\n\n### Keep it short\n\nDogs don't understand sentences. \"Daisy, I want you to be a good girl and sit\nfor me now\" will likely earn you a blank stare.\n\nKeep commands short and uncomplicated. The most commonly used dog commands\nare:\n\n * watch me\n * sit\n * stay\n * down (which means \"lie down\")\n * off (which means \"get off of me\" or \"get off the furniture\")\n * stand\n * come\n * heel (which means \"walk close to my side\")\n * leave it\n\n### Consistency is key\n\nEveryone in the family should use the same commands; otherwise, your dog may\nbe confused. It might help to post a list of commands where everyone can\nbecome familiar with them.\n\nConsistency also means always rewarding the desired behavior and never\nrewarding undesired behavior.\n\n### When to use positive reinforcement\n\nThe good: Positive reinforcement is great for teaching your dog commands, and\nit's also a good way of reinforcing good behavior. You may have your dog sit\n\n * before letting him out the door (which helps prevent door-darting)\n * before petting him (which helps prevent jumping on people)\n * before feeding him (which helps teach him good meal-time manners).\n\nGive him a pat or a \"Good dog\" for lying quietly by your feet, or slip a treat\ninto a Kong®-type toy when he's chewing it instead of your shoe.\n\nThe bad: Be careful that you don't inadvertently use positive reinforcement to\nreward unwanted behaviors. For example, if you let your dog outside every time\nhe barks at a noise in the neighborhood, you're giving him a reward (access to\nthe yard) for behavior you want to discourage.\n\n### Shaping behavior\n\nIt can take time for your dog to learn certain behaviors. You may need to use\na technique called \"shaping,\" which means reinforcing something close to the\ndesired response and then gradually requiring more from your dog before he\ngets the treat.\n\nFor example, if you're teaching your dog to \"shake hands,\" you may initially\nreward him for lifting his paw off the ground, then for lifting it higher,\nthen for touching your hand, then for letting you hold his paw, and finally,\nfor actually \"shaking hands\" with you.\n\n### Types of rewards\n\nPositive reinforcement can include food treats, praise, petting, or a favorite\ntoy or game. Since most dogs are highly food-motivated, food treats work\nespecially well for training.\n\n * A treat should be enticing and irresistible to your pet. Experiment a bit to see which treats work best for your pet.\n * It should be a very small (pea-size or even smaller for little dogs), soft piece of food, so that he will immediately gulp it down and look to you for more. Don't give your dog something he has to chew or that breaks into bits and falls on the floor.\n * Keep a variety of treats handy so your dog won't become bored getting the same treat every time. You can carry the treats in a pocket or fanny pack.\n * Each time you use a food reward, you should couple it with a verbal reward (praise). Say something like, \"Yes!\" or \"Good dog,\" in a positive, happy tone of voice. Then give your dog a treat.\n\nIf your dog isn't as motivated by food treats, a toy, petting, or brief play\ncan be very effective rewards.\n\n### When to give treats\n\nWhen your pet is learning a new behavior, reward him every time he does the\nbehavior. This is called continuous reinforcement.\n\nOnce your pet has reliably learned the behavior, you want to switch to\nintermittent reinforcement, in which you continue with praise, but gradually\nreduce the number of times he receives a treat for doing the desired behavior.\n\n * At first, reward him with the treat four out of every five times he does the behavior. Over time, reward him three out of five times, then two out of five times, and so on, until you're only rewarding him occasionally.\n * Continue to praise him every time—although once your dog has learned the behavior, your praise can be less effusive, such as a quiet but positive, \"Good dog.\"\n * Use a variable schedule of reinforcement so that he doesn't catch on that he only has to respond every other time. Your pet will soon learn that if he keeps responding, eventually he'll get what he wants—your praise and an occasional treat.\n\nCaution! Don't decrease the rewards too quickly. You don't want your dog to\nbecome frustrated.\n\nBy understanding positive reinforcement, you'll see that you're not forever\nbound to carry a pocketful of goodies. Your dog will soon be working for your\nverbal praise, because he wants to please you and knows that, occasionally,\nhe'll get a treat, too.\n\n * Donate\n * Sign Up\n * Take Action\n * Pledge to take your pets with you when disaster strikes Take action\n\n## Related Content\n\n### Dog Care and Behavior Tips\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### Ten Dog Care Essentials\n\nResource: Tip Sheet\n\n### Dog Training: Nothing in Life is Free\n\nView more related content\n\n * Home\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n * Contact Us\n * Newsroom\n\n### Get Connected\n\n * RSS Subscribe\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Google+\n * Tumblr\n\n### Sign Up for HSUS Email Alerts\n\n### Get HSUS Text Updates*\n\n### About Us\n\n * Blog\n * Mission Statement\n * Our Policies\n * Our Leadership\n * Accomplishments\n * Annual Report\n * F.A.Q.\n * Careers\n\n### Affiliates\n\n * Fund for Animals\n * Humane Society International\n * Humane Society Veterinary Medical Association\n * Wildlife Land Trust\n\n### Help Animals\n\n * Report an Animal Emergency\n * Report an Animal Cruelty Crime\n * Reward and Tip Lines\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Resources for Law Enforcement\n * Shelters & Shelter Services\n * Volunteer with HSUS\n * 50 Ways to Help\n\n### Take Action\n\n * Act Now\n * Our Campaigns\n * State Legislation\n * Federal Legislation\n\n### Donate\n\n * Make a Monthly Donation\n * Make a One-Time Gift\n * Create a Legacy\n * Make a Leadership Gift\n * Fundraise for Animals\n * Make a Vehicle Donation\n * Contact Philanthropy\n * Other Ways to Give\n * Donations F.A.Q.\n\n### Membership\n\n * Become a Member\n * Explore All Animals Magazine\n * Manage My Online Account\n * Membership F.A.Q.\n\n© 2018 The Humane Society of the United States\n\nThe HSUS^® is registered as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions\nto The HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. The HSUS's tax\nidentification number is 53-0225390.\n\n*Message and data rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out. We'll text you approximately once a month. Terms & Conditions/Privacy Policy\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.dog-obedience-training-review.com/shake-a-paw.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201024211011/https://www.dog-obedience-training-review.com/shake-a-paw.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Teach Your Dog The Cool Dog Trick Shake A Paw", "passages": [ "The goal is to have your dog appear to shake your hand at your verbal (or visual) request. It's a great trick to show off in front of your friends and once you've mastered it, you can move on to some more advanced \"paw\" dog tricks.", "Some of your dog's very favorite treats which will provide the motivation for your dog. In the video below I use small pieces of cheese which my Shih-Tzu Macy loves.", "The shake-a-paw can be put together in a number of ways. You can use targeting, capturing, free shaping, luring and more... but to be honest, you don't need to understand what any of these terms mean. The shake-a-paw is a relatively straight forward dog trick to learn - there's no need to over- complicate the process.", "If your dog already uses his/her paw for activities such as playing with a ball or pawing at you to give him/her a belly rub, then teaching the shake-a- paw will be very simple.", "Basically we start out with a very simple first step, which will be easy for our dog's to learn. We then slowly progress and build upon this first step until we have the complete behavior.", "It took me and Macy a couple of days to work our way through the following steps. It may take you and your dog a little longer, but who cares, you'll be having fun anyway. If at any time the following steps are unclear simply go back and watch the video again.", "NOTE: Depending on you and your dog, you may be better off starting at Step 2 rather than Step 1. You know your dog better than anyone, so it's your call.", "With your willing dog sitting in front of you grab his/her paw, hold it for a second then click and immediately give the treat. Repeat this many times over a few short, sharp training sessions.", "Your goal with this first step is to clearly demonstrate to your dog the behavior you are looking for. It will get your dog familiar with picking up his paw and placing it in your hand.", "We now build on the first step, but with less prompting now. This may seem like a step backwards to you, but I can assure you it's not.", "Don't grab your dog's paw now. Try to get him to move his paw by tapping his leg or patting the floor in front of him. Even a slight movement of the paw is worthy of a click and treat at this stage. The timing of the click is important, you should aim to \"click\" just as your dog's paw begins to show any sign of movement.", "Continue to practice this step until your dog offers his paw each time you place your hand down in front of him.", "Now we've got the basic behavior we want and your dog is performing it with a high level of reliability, we can add our cue word to it. I use \"shake\" but you can use whatever word you desire - just pick a word and stick to it.", "All you do is say \"shake\" a split second before lowering your hand down in front of your dog's paw (the same as you have been doing in Step 2). This step will build an association in your dog's mind between you saying \"shake\" and the act of him picking up his paw and placing it in your hand.", "Your dog should now be offering his paw as soon as you say \"shake\" and present your hand. The basic behavior has been learned, so now it's time to fade the clicker and the treats. Do this slowly over a number of short training sessions. Continue to click and treat sometimes and other times with-hold the click and treat. Remember if you do \"click\" you must produce a treat - that's the deal you have struck with your dog, don't break it.", "Fade the clicker and treats over a number of repetitions until your dog is comfortable and compliant without the clicker being in your hand.", "You're pretty much done now. All you have to do is polish the trick up a bit and strengthen it, this is sometimes called \"proofing\".", "The shake-a-paw dog trick can be used as the foundation for teaching other paw tricks such as the \"high five\" or \"wave\".", "Please consult the services of a Professional Dog Trainer, Behaviorist or Veterinarian before implementing any of the advice contained on this site." ] }, "parsed_md": "Shake A Paw Dog Trick | Teach Your Dog The Cool Dog Trick Shake A Paw\n\n * The Paw\n * PetGuide\n\nDog Training Central\n\n * Dog Training Home\n * Forum\n * Crate Training\n * Dog Breeds\n * House Training\n * Puppy Names\n * Puppy Training\n\n### show your support\n\n# Shake-a-Paw Dog Trick\n\nHome\n\nThe Shake-a-Paw dog trick is loads of fun, and best of all it's quick and easy\nto learn.\n\nThe goal is to have your dog appear to shake your hand at your verbal (or\nvisual) request. It's a great trick to show off in front of your friends and\nonce you've mastered it, you can move on to some more advanced \"paw\" dog\ntricks.\n\n## What You'll Need When Teaching Shake-a-Paw\n\n 1. A training clicker.\n\n 2. Some of your dog's very favorite treats which will provide the motivation for your dog. In the video below I use small pieces of cheese which my Shih-Tzu Macy loves.\n\n 3. A dog who has been \"clicker charged\"\n\n[google_ad:DOTR_CMS_468x60_InArticle1]\n\n## Building The Shake-a-Paw Dog Trick\n\nThe shake-a-paw can be put together in a number of ways. You can use\ntargeting, capturing, free shaping, luring and more... but to be honest, you\ndon't need to understand what any of these terms mean. The shake-a-paw is a\nrelatively straight forward dog trick to learn - there's no need to over-\ncomplicate the process.\n\nIf your dog already uses his/her paw for activities such as playing with a\nball or pawing at you to give him/her a belly rub, then teaching the shake-a-\npaw will be very simple.\n\n## Shake A Paw Dog Trick Step-by-Step\n\nBasically we start out with a very simple first step, which will be easy for\nour dog's to learn. We then slowly progress and build upon this first step\nuntil we have the complete behavior.\n\nIt took me and Macy a couple of days to work our way through the following\nsteps. It may take you and your dog a little longer, but who cares, you'll be\nhaving fun anyway. If at any time the following steps are unclear simply go\nback and watch the video again.\n\nNOTE: Depending on you and your dog, you may be better off starting at Step 2\nrather than Step 1. You know your dog better than anyone, so it's your call.\n\n##### Step 1\n\nWith your willing dog sitting in front of you grab his/her paw, hold it for a\nsecond then click and immediately give the treat. Repeat this many times over\na few short, sharp training sessions.\n\nYour goal with this first step is to clearly demonstrate to your dog the\nbehavior you are looking for. It will get your dog familiar with picking up\nhis paw and placing it in your hand.\n\n##### Step 2\n\nWe now build on the first step, but with less prompting now. This may seem\nlike a step backwards to you, but I can assure you it's not.\n\nDon't grab your dog's paw now. Try to get him to move his paw by tapping his\nleg or patting the floor in front of him. Even a slight movement of the paw is\nworthy of a click and treat at this stage. The timing of the click is\nimportant, you should aim to \"click\" just as your dog's paw begins to show any\nsign of movement.\n\nContinue to practice this step until your dog offers his paw each time you\nplace your hand down in front of him.\n\n##### Step 3\n\nNow we've got the basic behavior we want and your dog is performing it with a\nhigh level of reliability, we can add our cue word to it. I use \"shake\" but\nyou can use whatever word you desire - just pick a word and stick to it.\n\nAll you do is say \"shake\" a split second before lowering your hand down in\nfront of your dog's paw (the same as you have been doing in Step 2). This step\nwill build an association in your dog's mind between you saying \"shake\" and\nthe act of him picking up his paw and placing it in your hand.\n\n##### Step 4\n\nYour dog should now be offering his paw as soon as you say \"shake\" and present\nyour hand. The basic behavior has been learned, so now it's time to fade the\nclicker and the treats. Do this slowly over a number of short training\nsessions. Continue to click and treat sometimes and other times with-hold the\nclick and treat. Remember if you do \"click\" you must produce a treat - that's\nthe deal you have struck with your dog, don't break it.\n\nFade the clicker and treats over a number of repetitions until your dog is\ncomfortable and compliant without the clicker being in your hand.\n\n##### Step 5\n\nYou're pretty much done now. All you have to do is polish the trick up a bit\nand strengthen it, this is sometimes called \"proofing\".\n\nSome of the things you can do to proof the shake-a-paw are:\n\n * Take your trick on the road. Practice in different locations with different distractions at play.\n\n * You can now teach your dog to shake with his other paw if you choose.\n\n * You can drop your visual cue (outstretching your hand) now and rely solely on your verbal cue word.\n\n * The shake-a-paw dog trick can be used as the foundation for teaching other paw tricks such as the \"high five\" or \"wave\".\n\n * For more specific information about clicker training, check out this great resource.\n\nSome other pages you may be interested in:\n\nLearn some more cool dog tricks.\n\nWhat is the best dog food to provide to your dog for optimal health, wellbeing\nand longevity?\n\nWhy is clicker training so effective and my very favorite dog training method?\n\nGo from Shake-a-Paw Dog Trick to Dog Training home page.\n\nPlease consult the services of a Professional Dog Trainer, Behaviorist or\nVeterinarian before implementing any of the advice contained on this site.\n\n#### Dog Training\n\n * Behavior Problems\n * Dog Obedience\n * Clicker Training\n * Dog Whispering\n * Cool Dog Tricks\n * Dog Training Books\n * Dog Training Forum\n * Dog Training News\n * Dogs and Obedience Classes\n * Basic Tips For Dog Training\n\n#### Dog Health\n\n * Dog Health Care\n * Dog Grooming\n * Best Dog Food\n\n### Receive free ebooks and resources from world leading dog trainers\n\n#### Hot Content\n\n * Top 10\n * Popular\n\n10 Dog Breeds for Children\n\nDiscover what the Top 10 dog breeds for children are!\n\nREAD MORE\n\n10 Dogs that don't shed\n\nAccording to the AKC, these are the top 10 non-shedding dogs...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n10 Most Popular Dog Breeds\n\nEvery year, the AKC ranks what the 10 most popular dog breeds are...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n10 Most Expensive Breeds\n\nSome dog breeds are more expensive than others...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n10 Smartest Dog Breeds\n\nSome dogs are smarter than others - but which are the smartest?\n\nREAD MORE\n\nTop Ten Dog Breeds For An Apartment\n\nDo you live in small quarters? Then this is the list for you!\n\nREAD MORE\n\n#### Editor's Picks\n\n * Top 10 Dog Breeds for Children\n * How to Stop Puppy Biting\n * Crate Training Introduction\n * Separation Anxiety In Dogs\n * Stop Dog Barking\n * Stop Dog Chewing Problems\n * How To Stop Dogs From Digging\n * Don't That Don't Shed\n * Dog Training Infographic\n\n### Recently made posts\n\n * Problem with the website\n\nForum: Introduce Yourself Posted By: Sheppard wolf Post Time: 04-26-2018 at\n09:44 PM\n\n * Article Index\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n\nThe Paw\n\n© 2011 Offleash Media Inc.\n\nTerms of Use \n \n--- \n \nCopyright \n \n--- \n \nPrivacy Policy \n \n--- \n \nDo Not Sell My Data \n \n---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/dog-behavior/teaching-your-dog-sit", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151025123601/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/dog-behavior/teaching-your-dog-sit", "parsed_text": { "title": "Teaching Your Dog to Sit", "passages": [ "All dogs should learn basic obedience, and sitting when told is a particularly useful skill for a dog to master. Sitting on command can be especially beneficial to your dog in greeting situations. In fact, with proper training, your dog can learn that sitting is the best way to encourage people to say hello. Teaching your dog to sit on command is relatively easy.", "Stand up, say “Sit,” and then guide your dog into a sit with a treat placed right in front of her nose. To effectively guide your dog into a sit, follow these steps:", "Keep the treat within one inch of your dog’s nose. Don’t let your fingers and the treat get any farther away from her, or you might have trouble getting her to move her body into a sitting position. In fact, if your dog jumps up when you try to guide her into the sit, you’re probably holding your hand too far away from her nose. If your dog backs up, you can practice with a wall behind her so that she can’t back away from you.", "Guide your dog into the sit by moving the treat toward the top of her head, arching it up over her nose so that she has to raise her nose straight up to follow the treat. Most dogs will track the treat with their eyes and follow it with their noses, causing their snouts to point straight up. Usually, when a dog’s nose goes up, her rear will move down toward the floor. Voilà! You have a sitting dog.", "Encourage your dog to stand up again. Then repeat the steps above until your dog readily follows the food lure and plops into the sit position when you say “Sit.”", "Once your dog catches on and sits when you guide her with the treat, leave the treat in your pocket (or have it in your other hand). Repeat the same sequence as in Step 1, but this time your dog will just follow your empty hand.", "Say “Sit” and bring your empty hand in front of your dog’s nose, holding your fingers as if you had a treat. Move your hand exactly as you did when you held the treat.", "Gradually lessen the amount of movement with your hand. First, say “sit.” Then hold your hand about 8 to 10 inches above your dog’s face and wait a moment. Most likely, she will sit. If she doesn’t, help her out a bit by moving your hand back over her head, like you did before, but make a smaller movement this time. Then try again. Once your dog responds to the word “Sit” and the sight of your hand a foot from her nose, begin holding your hand out with your palm up. Repeat the steps as before. Your goal is to eventually just say “Sit” without having to move or extend your hand at all.", "At this stage, you can also put treats on a nearby table or countertop and, when your dog sits, say “Yes!” and deliver a treat from the table. This teaches your dog to wait a second or two for her reward. She’ll also learn that once she’s heard you say “Yes,” she’ll still get a reward, even if she can’t see it. She’ll learn that it may come from anywhere! Without this step, some dogs become so reliant on seeing the treat that they won’t sit unless the treat is clearly visible.", "Once your dog reliably sits on cue, you can ask her to sit whenever you meet and talk to people. The key to this is anticipation. Give your dog the cue before she gets too excited to hear you and before she starts jumping up on the person she wants to greet. Generously reward your dog the instant she sits. Say “Yes” and give her treats every few seconds while she holds the sit. Use high-value treats, like chicken, cheese, ham or hot dogs, diced into small pieces. Whenever possible, ask the person you’re greeting to help you out by turning and walking away if your dog gets up from the sit and lunges or jumps toward him or her. With many consistent repetitions of this exercise, your dog will learn that impolite lunging or jumping makes people go away, and polite sitting makes them stay and give her attention.", "If you’d like help teaching your dog to sit—or if you’d like to learn how to train additional useful skills—consider contacting a Certified Professional Dog Trainer (CPDT) in your area. Many CPDTs offer private lessons and group obedience classes that focus on fun, effective training methods. Please see our article, Finding Professional Help, to locate a CPDT near you.", "If your dog is engaging in unwanted behaviors, you might want to try a “time- out” method. The time-out method is a useful tool for discouraging your dog from engaging in behaviors such as jumping up or begging during mealtimes. Follow these steps to ensure your time-outs are effective.", "A dog crate is an effective short-term tool for managing and training your dog. It is important to consider the size of the crate, and the length of time your dog is spending in the crate at a time. Read these helpful tips for training your dog to spend time in her crate.", "Learning how to train your dog will improve your life and his, and will strengthen the bond between you two. Training your dog will also help to ensure his safety in a variety of situations. The key to success in training is good communication. Learn more about how to train your dog effectively.", "When you teach your dog to “leave it,” you’ll teach them to avoid potentially harmful things such as trash or debris, or a dog or human who are averse to interacting with your dog. This is a useful skill that could potentially save your dog’s life.", "Teaching your dog to touch her nose to your outstretched hand, also known as hand targeting, can be useful in a variety of situations. For example, you can use this technique to lead her through doorways when she’s nervous, or to jump off of your off-limits furniture.", "It is important to teach your dog to lie down on cue. When your dog is lying down, he can’t jump up, run off or beg at the table. There are several steps you can take to teach your dog this useful skill.", "© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization." ] }, "parsed_md": "Teaching Your Dog to Sit | ASPCA\n\n## Main menu\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n * Adopt\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n * NYC\n * Blog\n * Get Involved\n * For Parents\n * About Us\n * Donate\n\nFollow Us On:\n\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\n\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\n\nBecome a Member »\n\nASPCA\n\nPet Care\n\n## You are here\n\nHome > Pet Care > Virtual Pet Behaviorist > Dog Behavior > Teaching Your Dog\nto Sit\n\n# Teaching Your Dog to Sit\n\n## Bookmark/Search this post\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Google Plus One\n\n * Email\n * Print\n\nAll dogs should learn basic obedience, and sitting when told is a particularly\nuseful skill for a dog to master. Sitting on command can be especially\nbeneficial to your dog in greeting situations. In fact, with proper training,\nyour dog can learn that sitting is the best way to encourage people to say\nhello. Teaching your dog to sit on command is relatively easy.\n\nStep 1: Teach Your Dog to Sit on a Verbal Cue\n\n * Stand up, say “Sit,” and then guide your dog into a sit with a treat placed right in front of her nose. To effectively guide your dog into a sit, follow these steps:\n\n * Hold a treat between your thumb and fingers, clutching the treat as if you’re holding a pencil.\n * Keep the treat within one inch of your dog’s nose. Don’t let your fingers and the treat get any farther away from her, or you might have trouble getting her to move her body into a sitting position. In fact, if your dog jumps up when you try to guide her into the sit, you’re probably holding your hand too far away from her nose. If your dog backs up, you can practice with a wall behind her so that she can’t back away from you.\n * Guide your dog into the sit by moving the treat toward the top of her head, arching it up over her nose so that she has to raise her nose straight up to follow the treat. Most dogs will track the treat with their eyes and follow it with their noses, causing their snouts to point straight up. Usually, when a dog’s nose goes up, her rear will move down toward the floor. Voilà! You have a sitting dog.\n * The instant your dog’s rump hits the floor, say “Yes!” and give her the treat in your hand.\n * Encourage your dog to stand up again. Then repeat the steps above until your dog readily follows the food lure and plops into the sit position when you say “Sit.”\n\nStep 2: Remove the Treat from Your Guiding Hand\n\nOnce your dog catches on and sits when you guide her with the treat, leave the\ntreat in your pocket (or have it in your other hand). Repeat the same sequence\nas in Step 1, but this time your dog will just follow your empty hand.\n\n * Say “Sit” and bring your empty hand in front of your dog’s nose, holding your fingers as if you had a treat. Move your hand exactly as you did when you held the treat.\n * When your dog sits, say “Yes!” and then give her a treat from your other hand or your pocket.\n\nStep 3: Fade Out the Hand Signal\n\nGradually lessen the amount of movement with your hand. First, say “sit.” Then\nhold your hand about 8 to 10 inches above your dog’s face and wait a moment.\nMost likely, she will sit. If she doesn’t, help her out a bit by moving your\nhand back over her head, like you did before, but make a smaller movement this\ntime. Then try again. Once your dog responds to the word “Sit” and the sight\nof your hand a foot from her nose, begin holding your hand out with your palm\nup. Repeat the steps as before. Your goal is to eventually just say “Sit”\nwithout having to move or extend your hand at all.\n\nAt this stage, you can also put treats on a nearby table or countertop and,\nwhen your dog sits, say “Yes!” and deliver a treat from the table. This\nteaches your dog to wait a second or two for her reward. She’ll also learn\nthat once she’s heard you say “Yes,” she’ll still get a reward, even if she\ncan’t see it. She’ll learn that it may come from anywhere! Without this step,\nsome dogs become so reliant on seeing the treat that they won’t sit unless the\ntreat is clearly visible.\n\nStep 4: Teach Sit to Greet\n\nOnce your dog reliably sits on cue, you can ask her to sit whenever you meet\nand talk to people. The key to this is anticipation. Give your dog the cue\nbefore she gets too excited to hear you and before she starts jumping up on\nthe person she wants to greet. Generously reward your dog the instant she\nsits. Say “Yes” and give her treats every few seconds while she holds the sit.\nUse high-value treats, like chicken, cheese, ham or hot dogs, diced into small\npieces. Whenever possible, ask the person you’re greeting to help you out by\nturning and walking away if your dog gets up from the sit and lunges or jumps\ntoward him or her. With many consistent repetitions of this exercise, your dog\nwill learn that impolite lunging or jumping makes people go away, and polite\nsitting makes them stay and give her attention.\n\nFinal Tips\n\n * To learn more about how to teach your dog new things, please see our article, Training Your Dog.\n\n * If you’d like help teaching your dog to sit—or if you’d like to learn how to train additional useful skills—consider contacting a Certified Professional Dog Trainer (CPDT) in your area. Many CPDTs offer private lessons and group obedience classes that focus on fun, effective training methods. Please see our article, Finding Professional Help, to locate a CPDT near you.\n\n## Related Links\n\nUsing Time-Outs Effectively\n\nIf your dog is engaging in unwanted behaviors, you might want to try a “time-\nout” method. The time-out method is a useful tool for discouraging your dog\nfrom engaging in behaviors such as jumping up or begging during mealtimes.\nFollow these steps to ensure your time-outs are effective.\n\nWeekend Crate Training\n\nA dog crate is an effective short-term tool for managing and training your\ndog. It is important to consider the size of the crate, and the length of time\nyour dog is spending in the crate at a time. Read these helpful tips for\ntraining your dog to spend time in her crate.\n\nTraining Your Dog\n\nLearning how to train your dog will improve your life and his, and will\nstrengthen the bond between you two. Training your dog will also help to\nensure his safety in a variety of situations. The key to success in training\nis good communication. Learn more about how to train your dog effectively.\n\nTeaching Your Dog to \"Leave It\"\n\nWhen you teach your dog to “leave it,” you’ll teach them to avoid potentially\nharmful things such as trash or debris, or a dog or human who are averse to\ninteracting with your dog. This is a useful skill that could potentially save\nyour dog’s life.\n\nTeaching Your Dog to Hand Target\n\nTeaching your dog to touch her nose to your outstretched hand, also known as\nhand targeting, can be useful in a variety of situations. For example, you can\nuse this technique to lead her through doorways when she’s nervous, or to jump\noff of your off-limits furniture.\n\nTeaching Your Dog to Lie Down\n\nIt is important to teach your dog to lie down on cue. When your dog is lying\ndown, he can’t jump up, run off or beg at the table. There are several steps\nyou can take to teach your dog this useful skill.\n\n## In this Section\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Cats\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Horse\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n\n * Donate Today\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n\n## Our Partners\n\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\n\n#### Protect Your Pets\n\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\n\nJoin Team ASPCA\n\nDonate Your Birthday\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n\n * Report Animal Cruelty\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\n * Advocacy Center\n * View More »\n * Adopt\n\n * Adoptable Dogs\n * Adoptable Cats\n * Adoption Tips\n * Meet Your Match\n * Find a Shelter\n * View More »\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n * Cat Care\n * Dog Care\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\n * Pet Planning\n * View More »\n * NYC\n\n * Adoption Center\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\n * View More »\n * Get Involved\n\n * Join Team ASPCA\n * Advocacy Center\n * Donate Your Birthday\n * Create a Memorial Page\n * Create a Wedding Page\n * View More »\n * About Us\n\n * Pressroom\n * Jobs\n * Corporate Partnerships\n * ASPCA Grants\n * Policies and Positions\n * Annual Report & Form 990\n * View More »\n * Donate\n\n * Make a Donation\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n * Planned Giving\n * Memorial Gift\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\n * Vehicle Donations\n * Other Ways to Give »\n\n## Footer Info Menu\n\n * FAQ\n * Legal Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of\nCruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\n\n## Footer Contact Menu\n\n * ASPCApro.org »\n * Contact\n * Jobs\n * Pressroom\n\n" } ]
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How To Go on a Diet when You're a Picky Eater
To go on a diet as a picky eater, make a list of the foods you enjoy, and look for any textures or flavors many of them have in common. You might notice that you prefer crunchy foods over soft foods, or you might prefer foods with more mild flavors. Try to prepare healthier foods to make them more familiar and appealing. For example, if you love the crunchy texture of potato chips, try roasting kale with olive oil and salt for a healthier alternative. Experiment with herbs, spices, and garlic to add flavor to foods you typically don’t enjoy. If you still can’t seem to enjoy healthy foods, you can try a diet with the foods you usually like, but with reduced portions. However, it will likely be difficult to get the nutrients you need with this approach, so talk to your doctor about vitamin supplements you can take to stay healthy.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20191224202714/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25747855", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416030847/https://thefirstyearblog.com/healthier-chocolate-cake/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414232633/https://cuesa.org/learn/10-reasons-support-farmers-markets", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200712042641/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/truth-about-sugar", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417092747/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/weight-loss/in-depth/weight-loss/art-20048224/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180819021412/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/bustle/picky-eating-an-eating-disorder-living-with-selective-eating-disorder-and-no-vegetables_b_4986010.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180613011913/https://lifehacker.com/5972108/how-to-learn-to-love-healthy-food-even-if-youre-a-picky-eater", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200128120451/http://www.nbcnews.com:80/id/40357712/ns/health-diet_and_nutrition/t/grown-eat-kid-you-may-have-selective-eating-disorder", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416055130/https://health.usnews.com/best-diet/dash-diet", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410001022/https://health.usnews.com/health-news/health-wellness/articles/2014/03/10/what-to-expect-from-a-dietitian", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200510125929/https://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2002/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Energy-Carbohydrate-Fiber-Fat-Fatty-Acids-Cholesterol-Protein-and-Amino-Acids.aspx", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506133054/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/why-are-you-picky-eater-blame-genes-brains-and-breast-milk-180953456/?no-ist", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170816113758/http://spoonuniversity.com:80/how-to/how-to-meal-prep-if-you-ve-never-done-it-before", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170606222705/http://ajcn.nutrition.org:80/content/early/2016/11/09/ajcn.116.137356.abstract", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414113523/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-paleo-diet-half-baked-how-hunter-gatherer-really-eat/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170723222438/https://www.eatingdisorderhope.com/blog/avoidantrestrictive-food-intake-disorder-signs-and-symptoms", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201202040447/https://www.seriouseats.com/2014/09/picky-eaters-how-to-help-kids-who-wont-eat-advice.html" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25747855", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191224202714/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25747855", "parsed_text": { "title": "Adult picky eating. Phenomenology, taste sensitivity, and psychological correlates.", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Adult picky eating. Phenomenology, taste sensitivity, and psychological\ncorrelates. - PubMed - NCBI\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://thefirstyearblog.com/healthier-chocolate-cake/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416030847/https://thefirstyearblog.com/healthier-chocolate-cake/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Healthier Chocolate Cake", "passages": [ "Healthier Chocolate Cake tastes like a double chocolate chip banana muffin! No sugar, butter or oil but uses bananas, greek yogurt and honey instead!", "This Healthier Chocolate Cake recipe contains ZERO sugar, butter, or oil. And this is just the first recipe out of several that we’re going to share that is healthier.", "I never really saw this day coming.. it wasn’t really intentional. Well, kind of. Obviously with it being January and everyone is jumping on the gym and healthy eating train.. what’s a dessert blogger to do?", "I wallowed with a big bowl of ice cream for a while, but than I thought “Is it possible to make a baked recipe with NO sugar?”", "All of my friends who are healthy and paleo bloggers are probably laughing right now since that’s their jam, but I set out to discover if this whole no sugar thing could work.", "After I baked up this awesome chocolate cake, I was bragging to Ryan that it didn’t have any sugar, but that it’s sweetened by bananas and honey, but being the chemist he is, he totally called me out and said that honey is sugar.", "Well yeah.. but it’s more natural sugar I replied, and then he ate like 4 pieces of this cake. Booyah, honey for the win!", "Pour the cake into the prepared pan. Sprinkle addition chocolate chips on top of the cake if desired. Bake for 27-35 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.", "The best way to describe this skinny chocolate cake is that it tastes like a GIANT banana chocolate chocolate chip muffin! It’s so good by itself and it’s also really good with ice cream (espresso chip, just in case you were curious!)", "Whenever I get a hankering for brownies, I’m going to bust out this recipe. I love that it’s better for me but taste just as good!", "Subscribe to The First Year newsletter to get our recipes sent to your inbox! Follow along on Instagram, Facebook, Pinterest, and Youtube. If you make this recipe, tag @beth_thefirstyear on instagram!", "This healthier chocolate cake tastes like a double chocolate chip banana muffin! No sugar, butter or oil but uses bananas, greek yogurt and honey instead!", "* Julie — August 25, 2019 @ 11:31 pm\nIf some one cant have dairy is there anything to use to substitute the yogurt", "Love that this is free of refined sugar!! It looks so dark and fudgy I think I’m in love! I’ll have to give this a try :)", "* VJ — July 25, 2016 @ 8:10 pm\nHi Beth, I want to make this cake for my soon to be a year old’s birthday party so that she can smash it and may be eat a little. What can I substitute for Honey?", "I can’t wait to try this recipe, Beth! I love baking healthier desserts and this chocolate cake looks so moist and delicious. I love your photos of this cake, too!", "This cake looks incredibly moist and rich despite the healthy swaps- I’ve been waxing poetic about bananas recently, and for good reason :) Pinning!", "Oh my goodness... This is pure genius! I love all the ingredients you used in place of sugar! I am going to have to give this one a try!", "Healthier chocolate cake – love it! Honey is one of my favorite sweeteners so I know I’ll love this :)", "I wish I could have this right now. Chocolate cake is the best and a healthy version even better :-)", "* Charvi — August 9, 2020 @ 7:28 pm\nThis was the first cake I have EVER made. It came out super soft, moist and had the exact melting chocolate flavors I was looking for :)", "* Misty — May 19, 2020 @ 12:22 am\nCould you please provide the calories breakdown? I made & absolutely love them but would like to record my intake.", "* Veronica Marconi — April 5, 2019 @ 10:42 pm\nDo I need to refrigerate? I made a few muffins to test this in addition to the cake pan and it’s awesome! I just need to know if I need to refrigerate??!? Thank you for the awesome healthy recipe!!!", "* Gozek — January 29, 2021 @ 12:23 pm\nMade this and it’s very delicious... Can I add a coffee to it to make it more moist?", "* Kat — May 10, 2019 @ 11:54 pm\nHi, looks delicious! Do you think I could double the recipe and make round cakes, to stack and frost?", "* Beth @ The First Year — May 11, 2019 @ 3:03 pm\nYes! The baking time will be different depending upon what type of pan you use.", "* Beth @ The First Year — October 22, 2019 @ 9:12 am\nI haven’t tried that myself, so I can’t say!", "Looks delicious! do you think this would work with another type of flour? like oat or almond flour or something else?", "* Beth @ The First Year — January 17, 2016 @ 6:38 pm\nI know it works with gluten free flour!", "What if I don’t want bananas? Do I need to substitute it for something else or just eliminate ? Thank you.", "I love chocolate cake; especially without the guilt! Do you think coconut cream would work instead of yoghurt (for dairy free) and almond meal instead of peanut butter (peanut allergy)?", "Virtually all brands of chocolate chips have butter as an ingredient–just check their labels. So even this recipe has a little butter in it.", "* Beth @ The First Year — January 18, 2016 @ 7:19 am\nYou could definitely omit the chocolate chips if you prefer!", "I have found most chocolate chips do not have butter in them: Hershey’s Chipits pure semi sweet chocolate chips, for example, doesn’t. Maybe people confuse “cocoa butter” with regular butter: cocoa butter does not have any dairy in it.", "Tried this today: turned out totally delish! Great recipe and will definitely make it again. The texture improves after being cooled completely and wrapped for a few hours. Will be easy to substitute with gluten free ingredients for my celiac son. Thanks for the great recipe Beth.", "* Beth @ The First Year — February 14, 2016 @ 8:27 am\nI am so glad you enjoyed it! We actually made it gluten free too using Pillsbury’s gluten free flour!", "* Preethi — March 14, 2020 @ 1:54 pm\nI tried this and it turned out so delicious! Now I can’t stop eating", "I just made this, and I have to say it is delicious! Even my five year old said it was amazing, an she is picky about her desserts. Definitely going into my recipe book. I love how decadent it is without all of the guilt.", "* Beth @ The First Year — March 1, 2016 @ 8:52 pm\nI’m so happy that it was a winner all around!!", "Thank you for sharing this recipe! it’s mothers day and me and my sister wanted to make our mum a healthy cake – now from my experience it’s been really hard to find a great tasting cake that is still low in sugar. We followed the simple instructions and a lot of mess later, ta-daah! a beautiful cake was born and totally delicious!! will be making again. <3", "* Beth @ The First Year — March 6, 2016 @ 6:36 pm\nI love hearing how it turned out!!", "Is there any way to get a nutrition breakdown? How many grams of protein, fiber, sugar per serving? I’m trying this recipe regardless, but was curious if anyone knew.", "Hi this looks great. Any idea for something I could use other than banana as my other half is allergic?", "* Roxie G — March 1, 2019 @ 3:12 pm\nI was just wondering if zucchini could be used for the bananas.", "* Beth @ The First Year — March 4, 2019 @ 10:11 am\nHi Roxie! I’ve only tried this recipe using bananas so at this moment I cannot recommend a proper substitute.", "This cake is in my oven as I type this and my house smells like literal heaven. This is now my new go-to chocolate cake recipe!! Thank you SO much for sharing! <3", "Thank you so much for this recipe!!!! I made it sans chocolate chips and added avocado dark chocolate frosting from Veggie Primer, plus a pile of sliced strawberries.... YUM. It made a delicious birthday cake, with much less sugar!", "My daughter made this cake last night. Oh my!!! This was absolutely delicious. The texture was indeed moist, light, and fluffy. My husband took one bite and said, “I taste banana.” He really liked it as he is not much on sweets....but had a second piece of this! We did not have chocolate chips on hand so my daughter decorated with fresh strawberry slices instead. We also only had pina colada flavored yogurt so that was a bonus flavor!! Thank you for sharing!", "* Beth @ The First Year — June 28, 2016 @ 9:35 pm\nRonee, sounds like you really made it your own, way to go!!!!", "I was looking for something healthy to make for my husband’s birthday cake – luckily my son’s girlfriend found this recipe on Pinterest! I used coconut peanut butter but besides that I followed the recipe exactly. I probably undercooked it a bit as the center collapsed as it cooled – BUT it was so delicious!! I did not have the mini chocolate chips on top, but rather surrounded the piece of cake with fresh blueberries, raspberries, blackberries and nectarine chunks – LOVE summer time!", "* Beth @ The First Year — August 1, 2016 @ 6:02 pm\nWow! I love how you added the fresh fruit, that sounds lovely!", "OK I’ll agree with everyone, it LOOKS wonderful, however, it is really quite nasty! We followed this completely, no sustitutions. It has no flavor and when cooled is rubbery in consistency. As an attempt to salvage this even made a chocolate sauce with almonds on top. No help. This is simply NOT a good recipe. Next.", "* Beth @ The First Year — August 1, 2016 @ 6:00 pm\nHi Victoria, I’m sorry the recipe didn’t turn out. Did you over bake it? Did you overmix the batter? If we were neighbors I’d be happy to make it for you!", "Incredible cake ! One of the best I ate in my life. Super healthy. Makes a good thing for sugar cravings. Thanks !", "* Beth @ The First Year — August 15, 2016 @ 3:07 pm\nI am so glad you loved it! We love it too!", "Hi, this looks amazingly yummy and it’d be the perfect recipe for my dad, who can’t have too much sugar! I was wondering what the purpose of the peanut butter is in this recipe? Is it possible to substitute/omit it? Thank you somuch!", "* Beth @ The First Year — August 22, 2016 @ 12:47 pm\nHi Ella! You could omit the peanut butter and shouldn’t be an issue!", "Im wanting to make this cake but in a 9 by 13. Do i need to double the recipe to fill it?", "* Beth @ The First Year — August 24, 2016 @ 2:52 pm\nHi Toni! I haven’t tried it myself but I think doubling the recipe would work!", "The first time I didn’t want to use a blender because it was late so I used the potato masher, it was noticeably more banana-ish and the texture was very dense and almost fudgey.", "The second time i used the blender and followed it almost exactly and i can honestly say this worked excellently and is now one of my favourite recipes for something sweet and and delicious.", "The only real modification i made was 1 tablespoon extra yoghurt (black swan lactose free yoghurt) because its what i had in fridge.", "The texture is fluffy and moist and rich all at once, i would highly recommend giving this a go if you like banana and chocolate!", "* Beth @ The First Year — August 25, 2016 @ 3:23 pm\nI am so glad you’ve made it more than once and loved it both times!", "* Beth @ The First Year — September 9, 2016 @ 1:30 pm\nI actually used all purpose gluten free flour in this recipe!", "I tried this out and it was so goood! I substituted all flour with Half cup ground oats and 1/3 cup whole wheat flour. Used only 2 smallish bananas. Thank you for a relatively guilt free cake :-)", "* Annie — April 22, 2020 @ 4:53 pm\nWe tried this cake and it was absolutely fabulous. Light, fluffy and rich – almost like a chocolate banana bread. We used a decadent peanut butter, cocoa and honey frosting to round it off. The cake was so easy to make. Highly recommended – this will be my go to chocolate cake with or without the frosting! Thanks a million for sharing!!!!", "I have this cooling on my counter now – I used whole wheat flour instead but otherwise followed your instructions. I hope it tastes as good as it looks!", "* Beth @ The First Year — September 10, 2016 @ 8:43 pm\nSure wish I could have a piece!", "What can i replace eggs with in this recipie...it looks so yummy...i can’t wait to bake it. Please give me an alternative to egg.", "* Heather — May 20, 2017 @ 1:55 pm\nUse ground flax seed instead of eggs. You can Google flax egg recipe.", "I made this today, and am amazed by just how moist and decadent this is! Tastes far better than any other traditional chocolate cake I’ve ever eaten. I also love that there isn’t any refined sugar in this recipe, makes me feel less guilty about eating this:) thank you so much for posting this recipe. Will be my new go to chocolate cake recipe, you’re a star!", "* Beth @ The First Year — September 17, 2016 @ 8:23 pm\nI am SO glad it turned out AWESOME!", "Hi, just making this cake for my 2 year old’s birthday. I just been wondering if you know by any chance how long does it last fresh and how to store it. I have my little guests coming on Monday morning but making it now (Saturday afternoon) as won’t have time tomorrow. Thanks", "* Michelle — November 27, 2016 @ 1:45 pm\nI made mine 4 days ago and just have it in a plastic freezer bag on the kitchen counter, not as fresh as day one, but still delicious...", "Hi, i ll try this recipe, but i would like to know what ingredient could i use instead of peanut butter. I need to do it nut free because of allergies at school. Thanks :)", "* Beth @ The First Year — October 4, 2016 @ 3:33 pm\nHi Lynda, I don’t have experience with nut free butters – maybe try to google a substitute for peanut butter?", "So so good. I love baking in a healthy way and I am so glad I found this recipe. I definitely want a o make this again. It was fluffy a little tough on our side but nothing to bad at all. Thank you so much.", "can I substitute the baking soda with baking powder? Don’t have any at the mo and would love to give it a go xxx", "* Beth @ The First Year — October 27, 2016 @ 2:18 pm\nHi Ginuca, I would recommend following the recipe for best results!", "Chocolate chips main ingredient is sugar – refined sugar.... I’m not sure how you can clearly state this as sugar free?", "* Beth @ The First Year — November 5, 2016 @ 7:36 am\nHi Eva, this cake doesn’t have any refined sugar in the batter. If you’d prefer sugar free chocolate chips, they sell those!", "I really don’t know what went wrong since I followed all the instructions & but this cake was horribly inedible dry!!! Had to just bin it & make a different one. So disappointed! :-(", "* Beth @ The First Year — November 5, 2016 @ 7:34 am\nHi there! I’m sorry it didn’t turn out. Did you over bake the cake? That will definitely lead to a dry cake!", "* Naida — November 30, 2016 @ 3:06 pm\nI too have just baked this following the recipe exactly and it came out very dry and a bit sour. I’m going to try putting some chocolate frosting on it to see if that makes it any tastier. :-/", "* Beth @ The First Year — December 2, 2016 @ 2:26 pm\nHi Naida! It definitely shouldn’t be sour. Was your yogurt expired? And be careful not to over bake, every oven is different and the baking time I list is just a rough estimate.", "I normally don’t post comments, but this cake was just amazing. I used whole wheat flour and a loaf tin and it was amazing. (a little less temperature and more baking time) The cake is amazingly moist still after 4 days. I had to hold myself back not to eat it up in the first day... Thank you for sharing this recipe with us. Especially as it is dairy and pure refined sugar free.", "* Beth @ The First Year — November 28, 2016 @ 9:00 am\nI love that you made it in a loaf pan!", "I made this cake almost two weeks ago. I used less chocolate chips and the cocoa powder was unsweetened. It was not sweet at all. I dont know if I should have used more honey than 1/3 cup. Also, it was not moist inside. I baked for almost 30 minutes. Please, help me out, so that I might make a better one next time, since this is such a healthy recipe. Thank you", "* Tsue — May 15, 2020 @ 12:34 pm\nHow ripe were your bananas? that could be why? Maybe next time a try and ripen them a bit more. Your choc chips also make a difference – whether dark butter etc", "* Beth @ The First Year — December 28, 2016 @ 9:26 am\nYou could definitely omit them or use cocoa nibs.", "* Vanessa Ryan — April 4, 2018 @ 5:08 pm\nCreamy peanut butter has sugar in it too. Would natural work or too oily?", "* Sarah Nagaty — June 7, 2020 @ 12:20 pm\nI chopped dark chocolate into pieces (a sugar free chocolate bar)", "making this right now..its going to be great....xmas eve..husband loves sugar and desserts..im health minded...i think he’s gonna love it...thanks (its in the oven)..", "We are allergic to bananas. I saw several comments asking if there was a way to substitute out the bananas. Did I miss a response that provided an alternative?", "* Beth @ The First Year — January 10, 2017 @ 10:29 am\nHi Julie! We actually just made a healthy chocolate cake recipe that doesn’t use bananas because I’ve had a lot of people ask about this! Here’s the recipe: http://thefirstyearblog.com/healthy-chocolate-fudge-cake/", "Will be making this for the second time tomorrow! Easy, healthy and yummy ???? I use gluten free flour and 100% chocolate chips. Thinking of adding dried cranberries this time!", "I was craving a rich chocolate cake recipe and didn’t fancy any should bought rubbish. I’m so glad i found your page. I’ve baked mine and it turned out excellent!!! Wow. I used organic ingredients and semi sweet chocolate chips. My husband and kids loved it. More so me for a guilt free snack. Ive had it with low fat ice cream, custard and yoghurt. It works and i have to say my 10yr old boy couldnt stop himself ‘ummming’ whilst munching away lol.", "* Beth @ The First Year — January 23, 2017 @ 11:30 am\nHi Angela! I’m so glad you loved it!", "Have you made this with coconut flour but chance? I was wondering if I would use the same amount as the regular flour. Thanks!", "* Beth @ The First Year — January 27, 2017 @ 1:22 pm\nHi Jennie! I haven’t made much experience with coconut flour so I am not sure!", "Just made this last night, and it’s so good. I did substitute/alter the flour. I used 1/2 cp oat flour, 1/2 cp almond flour & 1/2 cp all purpose flour. Prior to adding the egg, I tasted it, and preferred a little more sweetness. I added 3 Tbls splenda brown sugar. I used Ghirardelli mini semi sweet chips in the batter (2 Tbls) along with the Hershey’s unsweetened cocoa powder. With the flour subbing, I had to increase the baking time by 15 min. The cake was moist and yummy, almost brownie like. Even hubby LOVED it! Thanks for sharing the recipe!", "* Beth @ The First Year — February 6, 2017 @ 9:00 am\nI’m so glad it turned out great!", "How many calories are in this? Adding recipe and your website info to our healthy eating newsletter and couldn’t find per serving info? Can you help?", "I made this cake for my husbands birthday as we love healthier options and it was YUMMY!!! We had cake for breakfast, lunch and dinner!! Shared it with friends! Also love that its everyday ingredients. Thanks for the recipe!!????", "I just made this cake for my husband’s birthday . We are trying to cut the sugar and this was a perfect solution . I am no baker but I think my cake turned out fine . Would adding another egg make it fluffier ? thanks so much for your recipe !", "* Beth @ The First Year — March 27, 2017 @ 7:28 am\nHi Melissa! Could you have over mixed the batter? You’ll want to mix the dry ingredients into the wet ingredients just until there are no streaks of flour.", "* Beth @ The First Year — March 27, 2017 @ 7:19 am\nHi Sam, I haven’t tried substituting the eggs myself, so unfortunately I’m not able to help with that. Sorry!", "Omg I’m gonna try this tomorrow but don’t have a squire pan. Do you know or think a 9′′ loaf pan would work? Thanks", "This cake looks delicious. Couple q. Can I give honey to my soon to be 1 year old? Also, can I replace peanut butter with anything else?", "EXCELLENT cake for a 1st bday party!!!! Made it a 3-layer-cake with cream cheese frosting. It was an instant win with everyone, kids and adults alike. Thanks for sharing :)", "* Beth @ The First Year — June 20, 2017 @ 3:00 pm\nI love the addition of the cream cheese frosting!", "I love your recipe. I bake it and my craving with sweet is satisfy and its so delicious. Do you know how much is the calories per serving for this recipe.", "* Beth @ The First Year — July 18, 2017 @ 1:18 pm\nHi Anna Marie! I haven’t calculated that, but you can put the ingredients in something like spark recipes (https://recipes.sparkpeople.com/recipe- calculator.asp) and it will tell you!", "I’d like to make cupcakes to send to the day care for my little one’s first birthday. Can I use this recipe and how would you adjust cooking time?", "* Beth @ The First Year — July 18, 2017 @ 1:28 pm\nHi Alexandra! We actually converted this recipe into muffins: http://thefirstyearblog.com/healthier-chocolate-mini-muffins/", "You could definitely “convert” them to cupcakes by adding frosting. I love this lighter chocolate frosting from this recipe http://thefirstyearblog.com/healthy-chocolate-fudge-cake/", "Thank you very much for this recipe – it looks delicious. Given that I am hardcore about avoiding refined sugar (and also determined to unveil all the different places that it has been snuck into our foods without our even knowing — to the severe detriment of our collective health), I wanted to point out that it has made at least one sneaky appearance here... in the sponsored brand of chocolate chips you recommend using. :( Sorry to be the bearer of bad news. It’s also likely in the peanut butter, unless you’ve sought out one of the few brands that doesn’t add it, so worth mentioning that a real sugar avoider should check the label on that too!", "i just baked it , is really nice recipe. I used almond butter instead of peanut butter and slightly added more cacao and honey and walnuts instead of chocolate sprinkles. but it is really tasty and healthy , this a recipe that i will always make.....", "This looks like the most delicious chocolate cake! I am so excited to try it! Do you possibly have the nutritional information for this recipe?", "This looks fantastic! Can I substitute butter for the peanut butter? I’m baking for a friend with a huge nut allergy", "* Beth @ The First Year — April 23, 2018 @ 10:27 am\nHi Deb! I’m hesitant to recommend that. Can your friend have almond butter? Or maybe try sunflower butter?", "Really moist and delicious! I just made it for my husband’s birthday and he was amazed that something healthy could taste this good ;) Since I didn’t have Greek yogurt in hand, I used half & half and it still turned out great. Thanks for sharing this recipe.", "Sounds delicious...but honey IS sugar and chocolate chips are loaded with sugar as well. This has lower sugar content than other cakes but is still unsuitable for diabetics or those watching sugar intake.", "Could you please tell me the nutritional value in this cake?? I’ve made it 3 times now and never know what to record on my dietary app! Thank you!", "I want to make this cake for my daughter for her playschool but not allowed to use peanut butter due to allergies that kids might have. What can I use instead please?", "I am one of those people who likes to taste the batter (yes I know there’s a raw egg involved here). The awful batter turned into a surprisingly good cake .Many no- fat cakes are rubbery...not this one.", "Oh my god! Just baked this and it’s fantastic! I’m think this is the yummiest, healthiest thing I have ever made! It’s so fudge like and googey. Love love love the recipe! My 2 and a half year old has been asking me to make a chocolate since days and i’m so glad I came across your website to make a healthier version for him and it has a fruit! Thanks so much :)", "I am hoping you can answer this for me. My husband is allergic to bananas, so I am wondering how much applesauce to use in place of the bananas? I really want to make him a healthier cake that he can enjoy with us, instead of being left out. Thank you in advance hun! ????", "I haven’t tried this recipe without bananas, so unfortunately I can’t give you a proper substitute! But I’ll write it down on my list of things to try!", "This cake has come out so well both times ive made it and ive kept a close eye on it each time to prevent over cooking. Im impressed at having no NOT include any white sugar or butter/oil and think the natural yogurt is a clever alternative. Id encourage anyone looking for a healthy chocolate cake to give this a go", "Thank you so much for the recipe. I used oat flour and baked in muffin pan. Turned out v yummy", "sooooo good!! Just made those together with my 2 year old and it was so easy and fun to put together – we did not even use a mixer, just mashed the bananas, and then mixed everything together, took whole wheat flour (as it’s more compact I took a bit less than indicated), used maple syrup instead of honey as I have an under-one-year-old who also wants to eat everything ;) It was in the oven for well 35 minutes and even though the knife came still out a bit sticky I removed it, and it’s suuuper moist, almost fudge-like, and very very delicious!", "I tried this recipe as a test for my daughter’s first birthday cake and it is AWESOME!! However, I just learned that our pediatrician recommends avoiding honey until she is 2. Any idea what would happen if I just left the honey out completely? Or, could I increase the amount of bananas and leave out the honey? Sub maple syrup? Open to any ideas (we’re not super sensitive to sugar). Thanks!", "* Beth @ The First Year — April 5, 2019 @ 4:25 pm\nYou can definitely substitute maple syrup! Or I would try leaving it out too – haven’t tried it myself, but let us know!", "I love it ! But i made little changes . .. i added 1/3 cup of toasted oatmeal flour and mixed it with whole wheat of flour , also i added a little of soya milk .. flixable recipe is a great recipe ??", "* Beth @ The First Year — April 12, 2019 @ 10:20 am\nSo glad you made it your own!", "Dear Beth, I have tried this recipe and it turned out very dry and crumbly and not even moist at all even though it was cooked for almost 1 and a half hours. Can you show me pictures of what state it should be in when the mixture was ready to go into the pan please. Coz mine was pretty crumblyy, not even smooth and not even blended together – it looked liked breadcrumbs in the pan. I substitute that flour with coconut flour perhaps I needed to add more eggs and abit of milk and coconut oil? What do you think? I am thinking of blending the mixture into powder again and add more eggs then bake the mixture again. What do you think?", "* Beth @ The First Year — June 4, 2019 @ 8:49 am\nHi Vanessa! You said you baked this bake for 1 and 1/2 hours? This is way too long. The video will give you a good idea of the texture of the batter – it’s like a thick brownie batter.", "* Beth @ The First Year — July 8, 2019 @ 8:26 pm\nHi Michelle! I haven’t tested it with coconut flour, so I can’t say for sure how it will work!", "* Beth @ The First Year — August 8, 2019 @ 11:08 am\nHi Maggie! I like to mix my flour in by hand – so thats the only thing I would be concerned about, over-mixing in the blender.", "Lovely ingredients I used Spelt flour, tahini instead of peanut butter as don’t like the latter, also used soya yogurt and dairy free. However Honey is really a sugar just not a very refined processed one so technically your receipt is not ZERO sugar.", "Hi Beth, what would be the size of round pan if im want to make ths as a round cake ? And also baking time", "* Beth @ The First Year — February 28, 2020 @ 4:24 pm\nHi Rubenee! I would recommend an 8 inch round pan and I would first check the cake at 20 minutes and decide from there how much more time it needs!", "How peanut buttery tasting is it? I want to make this for my moms birthday but she doesn’t like peanut butter", "* Beth @ The First Year — March 19, 2020 @ 10:55 am\nNot peanut buttery tasting at all! It tastes more like a chocolate banana muffin!", "* Beth @ The First Year — April 6, 2020 @ 9:10 am\nHi PJ! I haven’t tried that swap myself so I’m not sure how it would turn out.", "I looove how easy this is to make and just how tasty it is!! I used 70% extra bitter callebaut callets for my choc chips and added a bit of coffee to bring out the chocolate flavour more.", "Thanks for this ...I loove cake and chocolate and now I can have it healthy ...you’re a life saver!! I also like how you graciously reply to some of these ‘not so gracious’ comments- good on you ;) Keep experimenting for the benefit of us all :))", "* Beth @ The First Year — May 27, 2020 @ 9:57 am\nHi Caroline! Store this cake in an airtight container on the counter for up to 4 days.", "Hi! My cake looks and smells wonderful! Thanks for a great recipe. I added a tablespoon or two of milk because my honey was crystallized and the batter was quite stiff. I think this was a great way to use my honey, plus I love the combination of flavors this cake has. Thanks for a great pantry friendly option!", "Hi, as a newbie, I would like to say how much I appreciated this recipe. No additional sugar but the ingredients are available on where I currently reside. Would like to ask though, if I could make this using a steamer or a microwave. Or in a turbo boiler at best. My baby is turning one next month and would love to feature this cake in her improvised photoshoot. ?❤️?", "* Beth @ The First Year — July 9, 2020 @ 11:38 am\nHi Sandra! I haven’t tried it myself, let me know if you try that swap!", "* Beth @ The First Year — July 15, 2020 @ 8:55 am\nHi Rose! This cake has a muffin like texture and consistency! I haven’t tried using cake flour myself, so I cannot weigh in on that.", "* Beth @ The First Year — July 15, 2020 @ 8:55 am\nPossibly, I haven’t tried substituting the honey myself, so I cannot give a sure answer!", "Hi, do you think I could substitute flour for oat flour, basically finely grounded oat? Thank you so much and it looks so yummy :)", "* Beth @ The First Year — August 24, 2020 @ 8:34 am\nHi Isabelle! I don’t have much experience baking with oat flour. If you try it, report back please!", "My 13 year old daughter, who loves to bake, made this and it came out perfect! We decided to make cupcakes (this made 17 cupcakes, we just checked them until the toothpick came out clean). We topped it with a honey buttercream icing. It was fantastic! Thank you very much for such a great sugar free cupcake.", "* Beth @ The First Year — October 5, 2020 @ 5:20 pm\nHi Joan! I would double the recipe and split between 2 round pans. The recipe as written wouldn’t make enough batter to split between 2 pans.", "* Beth @ The First Year — October 23, 2020 @ 10:46 am\nIt tastes like a chocolate banana muffin! Here’s a recipe for a healthy chocolate cake that doesn’t have any bananas: https://thefirstyearblog.com/healthy-chocolate-fudge-cake/", "Yummmo! I tried this recipe and just added walnuts to the batter. It came out so moist and fluffy. You barely miss the sugar!", "I am thinking of giving this a try, can anyone please advise as too if this is freezable or not, thanks from me in advance.", "* Beth @ The First Year — November 18, 2020 @ 11:14 am\nHi Gary! I haven’t tried freezing this whole cake myself.", "Here you’ll find indulgent desserts, quick and easy desserts to feed a crowd, plus healthier desserts to satisfy any craving!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Healthier Chocolate Cake - no sugar, butter or oil in this cake!\n\n * Home\n * Cake\n * Cookies\n * Cheesecake\n * Occasions\n * Recipe Index\n * About\n * Contact\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\nHome » Recipes » Cake » Healthier Chocolate Cake\n\n# Healthier Chocolate Cake\n\nby Beth @ The First Year // January 11, 2016\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nHealthier Chocolate Cake tastes like a double chocolate chip banana muffin! No\nsugar, butter or oil but uses bananas, greek yogurt and honey instead!\n\nThis Healthier Chocolate Cake recipe contains ZERO sugar, butter, or oil. And\nthis is just the first recipe out of several that we’re going to share that is\nhealthier.\n\n### Is It Even Possible To Make a Healthier Chocolate Cake?\n\nWHAT?! I know.. I was wondering if I was going crazy because butter & sugar\nare like my BFFs.\n\nI never really saw this day coming.. it wasn’t really intentional. Well, kind\nof. Obviously with it being January and everyone is jumping on the gym and\nhealthy eating train.. what’s a dessert blogger to do?\n\nI wallowed with a big bowl of ice cream for a while, but than I thought “Is it\npossible to make a baked recipe with NO sugar?”\n\nAll of my friends who are healthy and paleo bloggers are probably laughing\nright now since that’s their jam, but I set out to discover if this whole no\nsugar thing could work.\n\nAfter I baked up this awesome chocolate cake, I was bragging to Ryan that it\ndidn’t have any sugar, but that it’s sweetened by bananas and honey, but being\nthe chemist he is, he totally called me out and said that honey is sugar.\n\nWell yeah.. but it’s more natural sugar I replied, and then he ate like 4\npieces of this cake. Booyah, honey for the win!\n\n## Healthy chocolate cake ingredients\n\n * bananas: sweetness and fat\n * greek yogurt: healthier fat compared to oil or butter\n * honey: natural sweetener compared to sugar\n * vanilla: flavor!\n * creamy peanut butter: healthy fat and flavor\n * egg: leavener and binder\n * all purpose flour: gives structure\n * cocoa powder: deep rich chocolate flavor\n * baking soda: leavener\n * chocolate chips: hello, necessary!!\n\n## How to make healthier chocolate cake with bananas from scratch\n\n 1. Blend the bananas, greek yogurt, honey, vanilla, and peanut butter.\n 2. Pour the blended mixture into a mixing bowl. Add the egg and mix in.\n 3. Add the flour, cocoa powder, and baking soda, mix until incorporated.\n 4. Add the 1/2 cup of chocolate chips, mix.\n 5. Pour the cake into the prepared pan. Sprinkle addition chocolate chips on top of the cake if desired. Bake for 27-35 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.\n\n## What does healthier chocolate cake taste like?\n\nThe best way to describe this skinny chocolate cake is that it tastes like a\nGIANT banana chocolate chocolate chip muffin! It’s so good by itself and it’s\nalso really good with ice cream (espresso chip, just in case you were\ncurious!)\n\nWhenever I get a hankering for brownies, I’m going to bust out this recipe. I\nlove that it’s better for me but taste just as good!\n\n### For a step-by-step of how to make this healthier chocolate cake recipe,\nwatch this short video:\n\n### More healthier desserts\n\nHealthy Peanut Butter Cookies Healthier Fudgy Brownies Healthier Banana Bread\nHealthy Dark Chocolate Cookies\n\n> Stay Connected\n>\n> Subscribe to The First Year newsletter to get our recipes sent to your\n> inbox! Follow along on Instagram, Facebook, Pinterest, and Youtube. If you\n> make this recipe, tag @beth_thefirstyear on instagram!\n\nContinue to Content\n\n# Healthier Chocolate Cake\n\nYield: one 8x8 pan\n\nCook Time: 35 minutes\n\nAdditional Time: 50 minutes\n\nTotal Time: 1 hour 25 minutes\n\nThis healthier chocolate cake tastes like a double chocolate chip banana\nmuffin! No sugar, butter or oil but uses bananas, greek yogurt and honey\ninstead!\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 3 bananas, ripe\n * 1/2 cup greek yogurt (vanilla or plain)\n * 1/3 cup honey\n * 1 tsp vanilla extract\n * 2 tbsp creamy peanut butter\n * 1 large egg\n * 1 & 1/2 cups all purpose flour **can be made GF, see note\n * 1/3 cup cocoa powder\n * 1 & 1/2 tsp baking soda\n * 1/2 cup semi-sweet chocolate chips\n * mini chocolate chips for sprinkling on top\n\n## Instructions\n\n 1. Preheat the oven to 350o F.\n 2. Spray an 8 inch square pan with cooking spray.\n 3. In a blender, combine the bananas, greek yogurt, honey, vanilla, and peanut butter. Blend until smooth, 1-2 minutes.\n 4. Pour the blended mixture into a mixing bowl. Add the egg and mix in.\n 5. Add the flour, cocoa powder, and baking soda, mix until incorporated.\n 6. Add the 1/2 cup of chocolate chips, mix.\n 7. Pour the cake into the prepared pan. Sprinkle addition chocolate chips on top of the cake if desired.\n 8. Bake for 27-35 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.\n\n## Notes\n\nThis recipe turned out great using gluten free flour! We love King Arthur\nGluten Free Measure for Measure Flour.\n\n© Beth @ The First Year\n\nCategory: Cake\n\noriginally published January 11, 2016 — last updated February 10, 2021 // 201\nComments\n\nPosted in: Cake, Healthier, Healthier, Reader Favorites, Valentine's Day\n\n« Previous PostGreen Monster Orange Smoothie\n\nNext Post » Orange Cranberry Granola\n\n### 201 comments on “Healthier Chocolate Cake”\n\nLeave a comment »\n\n 1. Mandy @Mandy's Recipe Box — January 11, 2016 @ 7:41 am Reply\n\nThis Cake wins! I love that you can have your cake and eat it too!\n\n * Julie — August 25, 2019 @ 11:31 pm\n\nIf some one cant have dairy is there anything to use to substitute the yogurt\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — August 26, 2019 @ 9:04 am\n\nTry almondmilk yogurt!\n\n 2. Lisa @ Healthy Nibbles & Bits — January 11, 2016 @ 8:01 am Reply\n\nLOVE how fluffy this chocolate cake looks and that it’s all naturally\nsweetened!!\n\n 3. Serene @ House of Yumm — January 11, 2016 @ 11:50 am Reply\n\nLove that this is free of refined sugar!! It looks so dark and fudgy I think\nI’m in love! I’ll have to give this a try :)\n\n * VJ — July 25, 2016 @ 8:10 pm\n\nHi Beth, I want to make this cake for my soon to be a year old’s birthday\nparty so that she can smash it and may be eat a little. What can I substitute\nfor Honey?\n\n 4. Kristine | Kristine's Kitchen — January 11, 2016 @ 12:41 pm Reply\n\nI can’t wait to try this recipe, Beth! I love baking healthier desserts and\nthis chocolate cake looks so moist and delicious. I love your photos of this\ncake, too!\n\n 5. Julianne @ Beyond Frosting — January 11, 2016 @ 1:08 pm Reply\n\nUmm yea, this is calling my name for SURE\n\n 6. Kellie @ The Suburban Soapbox — January 11, 2016 @ 3:49 pm Reply\n\nAll I can say is...holy cow, that looks amazing!!! Definitely going on the\nmust make list for this week!\n\n 7. Medha @ Whisk & Shout — January 11, 2016 @ 4:25 pm Reply\n\nThis cake looks incredibly moist and rich despite the healthy swaps- I’ve been\nwaxing poetic about bananas recently, and for good reason :) Pinning!\n\n 8. Megan Keno — January 11, 2016 @ 4:40 pm Reply\n\nOh my goodness... This is pure genius! I love all the ingredients you used in\nplace of sugar! I am going to have to give this one a try!\n\n 9. Catherine — January 11, 2016 @ 4:44 pm Reply\n\nDear Beth, this cake looks absolutely wonderful! I love that it is healthier.\nSave me a slice! xo, Catherine\n\n 10. Sharon @ What The Fork Food Blog — January 11, 2016 @ 7:44 pm Reply\n\nHealthier chocolate cake – love it! Honey is one of my favorite sweeteners so\nI know I’ll love this :)\n\n 11. Anna @ Crunchy Creamy Sweet — January 11, 2016 @ 10:05 pm Reply\n\nI’ll have a double serving, pretty please! Love healthier yet still decadent\ndesserts!\n\n 12. Jennifer | Bake or Break — January 12, 2016 @ 7:42 am Reply\n\nThis looks so rich and delicious. How awesome that it’s on the healthier side!\n\n 13. eat good 4 life — January 12, 2016 @ 8:46 am Reply\n\nI wish I could have this right now. Chocolate cake is the best and a healthy\nversion even better :-)\n\n * Charvi — August 9, 2020 @ 7:28 pm\n\nThis was the first cake I have EVER made. It came out super soft, moist and\nhad the exact melting chocolate flavors I was looking for :)\n\n 14. Cathy Trochelman — January 12, 2016 @ 10:10 am Reply\n\nFor a healthier cake, this looks AMAZING! Love it, Beth!\n\n 15. Liz — January 12, 2016 @ 11:20 am Reply\n\nhealthier way to get my chocolate fix is always appreciated—especially one\nthat looks as amazing as this!\n\n * Misty — May 19, 2020 @ 12:22 am\n\nCould you please provide the calories breakdown? I made & absolutely love them\nbut would like to record my intake.\n\n 16. Manila Spoon — January 12, 2016 @ 3:25 pm Reply\n\nThat looks so delicious! I want some now! :)\n\n * Veronica Marconi — April 5, 2019 @ 10:42 pm\n\nDo I need to refrigerate? I made a few muffins to test this in addition to the\ncake pan and it’s awesome! I just need to know if I need to refrigerate??!?\nThank you for the awesome healthy recipe!!!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — April 8, 2019 @ 8:26 am\n\nNope, you don’t need to refrigerate!\n\n * Gozek — January 29, 2021 @ 12:23 pm\n\nMade this and it’s very delicious... Can I add a coffee to it to make it more\nmoist?\n\n 17. nicole @ I am a Honey Bee — January 12, 2016 @ 6:36 pm Reply\n\nI love love love recipes with banana in them. I need to make this!!\n\n 18. Denise — January 12, 2016 @ 9:44 pm Reply\n\nThis cake looks so moist and all that chocolate has me drooling for a bite\nright now!\n\n * Kat — May 10, 2019 @ 11:54 pm\n\nHi, looks delicious! Do you think I could double the recipe and make round\ncakes, to stack and frost?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — May 11, 2019 @ 3:03 pm\n\nYes! The baking time will be different depending upon what type of pan you\nuse.\n\n 19. Lauren Gaskill | Making Life Sweet — January 13, 2016 @ 8:12 am Reply\n\nYour photos are incredible! I want to eat the whole cake it looks so good!\n\n * Heather Galenkamp — October 17, 2019 @ 9:33 pm\n\nCan I substitute apple sauce for the banana?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — October 22, 2019 @ 9:12 am\n\nI haven’t tried that myself, so I can’t say!\n\n 20. Christie — January 13, 2016 @ 8:14 am Reply\n\nA cake I won’t have to feel bad about eating! Thanks for the recipe!\n\n 21. nadia — January 14, 2016 @ 11:41 am Reply\n\nLooks delicious! do you think this would work with another type of flour? like\noat or almond flour or something else?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — January 17, 2016 @ 6:38 pm\n\nI know it works with gluten free flour!\n\n 22. Mariam — January 14, 2016 @ 1:43 pm Reply\n\nWhat if I don’t want bananas? Do I need to substitute it for something else or\njust eliminate ? Thank you.\n\n 23. Yvonne [Tried and Tasty] — January 14, 2016 @ 8:53 pm Reply\n\nI sure do love your photography!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — January 17, 2016 @ 6:37 pm\n\nAwwww!! <3\n\n 24. Lisa | Mummy Made.It — January 15, 2016 @ 2:52 pm Reply\n\nI love chocolate cake; especially without the guilt! Do you think coconut\ncream would work instead of yoghurt (for dairy free) and almond meal instead\nof peanut butter (peanut allergy)?\n\n 25. Jodave — January 18, 2016 @ 12:31 am Reply\n\nVirtually all brands of chocolate chips have butter as an ingredient–just\ncheck their labels. So even this recipe has a little butter in it.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — January 18, 2016 @ 7:19 am\n\nYou could definitely omit the chocolate chips if you prefer!\n\n * Amy — February 3, 2017 @ 12:44 pm\n\nEnjoy Life brand makes dairy free chocolate chips!!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — February 6, 2017 @ 8:57 am\n\nYes! I have seen those!\n\n 26. Debbie G — February 12, 2016 @ 2:47 pm Reply\n\nI have found most chocolate chips do not have butter in them: Hershey’s\nChipits pure semi sweet chocolate chips, for example, doesn’t. Maybe people\nconfuse “cocoa butter” with regular butter: cocoa butter does not have any\ndairy in it.\n\n 27. Debbie G — February 12, 2016 @ 8:59 pm Reply\n\nTried this today: turned out totally delish! Great recipe and will definitely\nmake it again. The texture improves after being cooled completely and wrapped\nfor a few hours. Will be easy to substitute with gluten free ingredients for\nmy celiac son. Thanks for the great recipe Beth.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — February 14, 2016 @ 8:27 am\n\nI am so glad you enjoyed it! We actually made it gluten free too using\nPillsbury’s gluten free flour!\n\n 28. Cynthia — February 16, 2016 @ 1:18 pm Reply\n\nLooks so delicoius I can’t wait to try it out! Just waiting for my bananas to\nripen!\n\n * Preethi — March 14, 2020 @ 1:54 pm\n\nI tried this and it turned out so delicious! Now I can’t stop eating\n\n 29. Katie — February 29, 2016 @ 4:31 pm Reply\n\nI just made this, and I have to say it is delicious! Even my five year old\nsaid it was amazing, an she is picky about her desserts. Definitely going into\nmy recipe book. I love how decadent it is without all of the guilt.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — March 1, 2016 @ 8:52 pm\n\nI’m so happy that it was a winner all around!!\n\n 30. Alison — March 6, 2016 @ 12:42 pm Reply\n\nThank you for sharing this recipe! it’s mothers day and me and my sister\nwanted to make our mum a healthy cake – now from my experience it’s been\nreally hard to find a great tasting cake that is still low in sugar. We\nfollowed the simple instructions and a lot of mess later, ta-daah! a beautiful\ncake was born and totally delicious!! will be making again. <3\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — March 6, 2016 @ 6:36 pm\n\nI love hearing how it turned out!!\n\n 31. Krystal — March 22, 2016 @ 4:03 am Reply\n\nIs there any way to get a nutrition breakdown? How many grams of protein,\nfiber, sugar per serving? I’m trying this recipe regardless, but was curious\nif anyone knew.\n\n 32. ellie — March 28, 2016 @ 4:30 am Reply\n\nHi this looks great. Any idea for something I could use other than banana as\nmy other half is allergic?\n\n * Roxie G — March 1, 2019 @ 3:12 pm\n\nI was just wondering if zucchini could be used for the bananas.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — March 4, 2019 @ 10:11 am\n\nHi Roxie! I’ve only tried this recipe using bananas so at this moment I cannot\nrecommend a proper substitute.\n\n 33. Marina @ A Dancer's Live-It — April 8, 2016 @ 11:51 am Reply\n\nThis cake is in my oven as I type this and my house smells like literal\nheaven. This is now my new go-to chocolate cake recipe!! Thank you SO much for\nsharing! <3\n\n 34. Sarah — April 24, 2016 @ 8:17 pm Reply\n\nMade this tonight and it was amazing!\n\n 35. Rebecca — May 4, 2016 @ 5:26 pm Reply\n\nThank you so much for this recipe!!!! I made it sans chocolate chips and added\navocado dark chocolate frosting from Veggie Primer, plus a pile of sliced\nstrawberries.... YUM. It made a delicious birthday cake, with much less sugar!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — May 6, 2016 @ 9:52 pm\n\nThat sounds AMAZING!!\n\n 36. Tiffany — June 16, 2016 @ 3:51 pm Reply\n\nWhat can you use in place of bananas?\n\n 37. Ronee — June 28, 2016 @ 5:16 pm Reply\n\nMy daughter made this cake last night. Oh my!!! This was absolutely delicious.\nThe texture was indeed moist, light, and fluffy. My husband took one bite and\nsaid, “I taste banana.” He really liked it as he is not much on sweets....but\nhad a second piece of this! We did not have chocolate chips on hand so my\ndaughter decorated with fresh strawberry slices instead. We also only had pina\ncolada flavored yogurt so that was a bonus flavor!! Thank you for sharing!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — June 28, 2016 @ 9:35 pm\n\nRonee, sounds like you really made it your own, way to go!!!!\n\n 38. Diane — July 28, 2016 @ 5:00 pm Reply\n\nI was looking for something healthy to make for my husband’s birthday cake –\nluckily my son’s girlfriend found this recipe on Pinterest! I used coconut\npeanut butter but besides that I followed the recipe exactly. I probably\nundercooked it a bit as the center collapsed as it cooled – BUT it was so\ndelicious!! I did not have the mini chocolate chips on top, but rather\nsurrounded the piece of cake with fresh blueberries, raspberries, blackberries\nand nectarine chunks – LOVE summer time!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — August 1, 2016 @ 6:02 pm\n\nWow! I love how you added the fresh fruit, that sounds lovely!\n\n 39. Victoria Steffens — July 30, 2016 @ 3:49 pm Reply\n\nOK I’ll agree with everyone, it LOOKS wonderful, however, it is really quite\nnasty! We followed this completely, no sustitutions. It has no flavor and when\ncooled is rubbery in consistency. As an attempt to salvage this even made a\nchocolate sauce with almonds on top. No help. This is simply NOT a good\nrecipe. Next.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — August 1, 2016 @ 6:00 pm\n\nHi Victoria, I’m sorry the recipe didn’t turn out. Did you over bake it? Did\nyou overmix the batter? If we were neighbors I’d be happy to make it for you!\n\n 40. Kimmyanne Brown — August 14, 2016 @ 8:43 pm Reply\n\nIncredible cake ! One of the best I ate in my life. Super healthy. Makes a\ngood thing for sugar cravings. Thanks !\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — August 15, 2016 @ 3:07 pm\n\nI am so glad you loved it! We love it too!\n\n 41. Ella — August 21, 2016 @ 5:19 am Reply\n\nHi, this looks amazingly yummy and it’d be the perfect recipe for my dad, who\ncan’t have too much sugar! I was wondering what the purpose of the peanut\nbutter is in this recipe? Is it possible to substitute/omit it? Thank you\nsomuch!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — August 22, 2016 @ 12:47 pm\n\nHi Ella! You could omit the peanut butter and shouldn’t be an issue!\n\n 42. Toni sumpter — August 24, 2016 @ 1:20 am Reply\n\nIm wanting to make this cake but in a 9 by 13. Do i need to double the recipe\nto fill it?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — August 24, 2016 @ 2:52 pm\n\nHi Toni! I haven’t tried it myself but I think doubling the recipe would work!\n\n 43. David — August 25, 2016 @ 8:16 am Reply\n\nI have made this twice now and i love it.\n\nThe first time I didn’t want to use a blender because it was late so I used\nthe potato masher, it was noticeably more banana-ish and the texture was very\ndense and almost fudgey.\n\nThe second time i used the blender and followed it almost exactly and i can\nhonestly say this worked excellently and is now one of my favourite recipes\nfor something sweet and and delicious.\n\nThe only real modification i made was 1 tablespoon extra yoghurt (black swan\nlactose free yoghurt) because its what i had in fridge.\n\nThe texture is fluffy and moist and rich all at once, i would highly recommend\ngiving this a go if you like banana and chocolate!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — August 25, 2016 @ 3:23 pm\n\nI am so glad you’ve made it more than once and loved it both times!\n\n 44. Iovanah — September 6, 2016 @ 4:03 pm Reply\n\nCould i substitute flour with almond meal for a wheat free option?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — September 9, 2016 @ 1:30 pm\n\nI actually used all purpose gluten free flour in this recipe!\n\n * Chelsea — February 21, 2019 @ 10:47 pm\n\nHow many cupcakes does this recipe make?\n\n 45. chitra — September 10, 2016 @ 4:55 am Reply\n\nI tried this out and it was so goood! I substituted all flour with Half cup\nground oats and 1/3 cup whole wheat flour. Used only 2 smallish bananas. Thank\nyou for a relatively guilt free cake :-)\n\n * Annie — April 22, 2020 @ 4:53 pm\n\nWe tried this cake and it was absolutely fabulous. Light, fluffy and rich –\nalmost like a chocolate banana bread. We used a decadent peanut butter, cocoa\nand honey frosting to round it off. The cake was so easy to make. Highly\nrecommended – this will be my go to chocolate cake with or without the\nfrosting! Thanks a million for sharing!!!!\n\n 46. LadyO — September 10, 2016 @ 4:43 pm Reply\n\nI have this cooling on my counter now – I used whole wheat flour instead but\notherwise followed your instructions. I hope it tastes as good as it looks!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — September 10, 2016 @ 8:43 pm\n\nSure wish I could have a piece!\n\n 47. Pooja — September 12, 2016 @ 7:57 am Reply\n\nWhat can i replace eggs with in this recipie...it looks so yummy...i can’t\nwait to bake it. Please give me an alternative to egg.\n\n * Heather — May 20, 2017 @ 1:55 pm\n\nUse ground flax seed instead of eggs. You can Google flax egg recipe.\n\n 48. Samantha — September 17, 2016 @ 2:58 pm Reply\n\nI made this today, and am amazed by just how moist and decadent this is!\nTastes far better than any other traditional chocolate cake I’ve ever eaten. I\nalso love that there isn’t any refined sugar in this recipe, makes me feel\nless guilty about eating this:) thank you so much for posting this recipe.\nWill be my new go to chocolate cake recipe, you’re a star!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — September 17, 2016 @ 8:23 pm\n\nI am SO glad it turned out AWESOME!\n\n 49. Marina — September 23, 2016 @ 12:57 pm Reply\n\nHi Beth. Do you have suggestions for a substitute for honey for this recipe?\nThanks a bunch!\n\n 50. Emilia — September 24, 2016 @ 8:02 am Reply\n\nHi, just making this cake for my 2 year old’s birthday. I just been wondering\nif you know by any chance how long does it last fresh and how to store it. I\nhave my little guests coming on Monday morning but making it now (Saturday\nafternoon) as won’t have time tomorrow. Thanks\n\n * Michelle — November 27, 2016 @ 1:45 pm\n\nI made mine 4 days ago and just have it in a plastic freezer bag on the\nkitchen counter, not as fresh as day one, but still delicious...\n\n 51. lynda nava — October 1, 2016 @ 9:05 pm Reply\n\nHi, i ll try this recipe, but i would like to know what ingredient could i use\ninstead of peanut butter. I need to do it nut free because of allergies at\nschool. Thanks :)\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — October 4, 2016 @ 3:33 pm\n\nHi Lynda, I don’t have experience with nut free butters – maybe try to google\na substitute for peanut butter?\n\n 52. Ellyssa — October 19, 2016 @ 4:58 pm Reply\n\nSo so good. I love baking in a healthy way and I am so glad I found this\nrecipe. I definitely want a o make this again. It was fluffy a little tough on\nour side but nothing to bad at all. Thank you so much.\n\n * Ellyssa — October 19, 2016 @ 4:59 pm\n\nI meant ” want to” also “outside”. Sorry about that\n\n 53. Rahma — October 22, 2016 @ 9:47 pm Reply\n\nCan I substitute the Greek yogurt with sour cream?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — October 25, 2016 @ 12:16 pm\n\nI would imagine so!\n\n 54. Ginuca — October 26, 2016 @ 3:07 pm Reply\n\ncan I substitute the baking soda with baking powder? Don’t have any at the mo\nand would love to give it a go xxx\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — October 27, 2016 @ 2:18 pm\n\nHi Ginuca, I would recommend following the recipe for best results!\n\n 55. Eva — November 4, 2016 @ 5:27 pm Reply\n\nChocolate chips main ingredient is sugar – refined sugar.... I’m not sure how\nyou can clearly state this as sugar free?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — November 5, 2016 @ 7:36 am\n\nHi Eva, this cake doesn’t have any refined sugar in the batter. If you’d\nprefer sugar free chocolate chips, they sell those!\n\n 56. wrenoir — November 5, 2016 @ 1:47 am Reply\n\nI really don’t know what went wrong since I followed all the instructions &\nbut this cake was horribly inedible dry!!! Had to just bin it & make a\ndifferent one. So disappointed! :-(\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — November 5, 2016 @ 7:34 am\n\nHi there! I’m sorry it didn’t turn out. Did you over bake the cake? That will\ndefinitely lead to a dry cake!\n\n * Naida — November 30, 2016 @ 3:06 pm\n\nI too have just baked this following the recipe exactly and it came out very\ndry and a bit sour. I’m going to try putting some chocolate frosting on it to\nsee if that makes it any tastier. :-/\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — December 2, 2016 @ 2:26 pm\n\nHi Naida! It definitely shouldn’t be sour. Was your yogurt expired? And be\ncareful not to over bake, every oven is different and the baking time I list\nis just a rough estimate.\n\n 57. Michelle — November 27, 2016 @ 1:43 pm Reply\n\nI normally don’t post comments, but this cake was just amazing. I used whole\nwheat flour and a loaf tin and it was amazing. (a little less temperature and\nmore baking time) The cake is amazingly moist still after 4 days. I had to\nhold myself back not to eat it up in the first day... Thank you for sharing\nthis recipe with us. Especially as it is dairy and pure refined sugar free.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — November 28, 2016 @ 9:00 am\n\nI love that you made it in a loaf pan!\n\n 58. GEORGIA — December 6, 2016 @ 7:25 am Reply\n\nI made this cake almost two weeks ago. I used less chocolate chips and the\ncocoa powder was unsweetened. It was not sweet at all. I dont know if I should\nhave used more honey than 1/3 cup. Also, it was not moist inside. I baked for\nalmost 30 minutes. Please, help me out, so that I might make a better one next\ntime, since this is such a healthy recipe. Thank you\n\n * Tsue — May 15, 2020 @ 12:34 pm\n\nHow ripe were your bananas? that could be why? Maybe next time a try and ripen\nthem a bit more. Your choc chips also make a difference – whether dark butter\netc\n\n 59. J — December 23, 2016 @ 4:01 pm Reply\n\nBut there *IS* refined sugar in this...the half a cup of chocolate chips.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — December 28, 2016 @ 9:26 am\n\nYou could definitely omit them or use cocoa nibs.\n\n * Vanessa Ryan — April 4, 2018 @ 5:08 pm\n\nCreamy peanut butter has sugar in it too. Would natural work or too oily?\n\n * Sarah Nagaty — June 7, 2020 @ 12:20 pm\n\nI chopped dark chocolate into pieces (a sugar free chocolate bar)\n\n 60. rebecca — December 24, 2016 @ 8:41 pm Reply\n\nmaking this right now..its going to be great....xmas eve..husband loves sugar\nand desserts..im health minded...i think he’s gonna love it...thanks (its in\nthe oven)..\n\n 61. Julie — January 5, 2017 @ 12:50 pm Reply\n\nWe are allergic to bananas. I saw several comments asking if there was a way\nto substitute out the bananas. Did I miss a response that provided an\nalternative?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — January 10, 2017 @ 10:29 am\n\nHi Julie! We actually just made a healthy chocolate cake recipe that doesn’t\nuse bananas because I’ve had a lot of people ask about this! Here’s the\nrecipe: http://thefirstyearblog.com/healthy-chocolate-fudge-cake/\n\n 62. Joanna — January 7, 2017 @ 4:43 pm Reply\n\nWill be making this for the second time tomorrow! Easy, healthy and yummy ????\nI use gluten free flour and 100% chocolate chips. Thinking of adding dried\ncranberries this time!\n\n 63. Angela — January 20, 2017 @ 7:34 am Reply\n\nHi Beth your cake looks soo yummy thanks so much for this healthier option!\n\nI was craving a rich chocolate cake recipe and didn’t fancy any should bought\nrubbish. I’m so glad i found your page. I’ve baked mine and it turned out\nexcellent!!! Wow. I used organic ingredients and semi sweet chocolate chips.\nMy husband and kids loved it. More so me for a guilt free snack. Ive had it\nwith low fat ice cream, custard and yoghurt. It works and i have to say my\n10yr old boy couldnt stop himself ‘ummming’ whilst munching away lol.\n\nGod bless you from me and all cake lovers x\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — January 23, 2017 @ 11:30 am\n\nHi Angela! I’m so glad you loved it!\n\n 64. Jennie — January 27, 2017 @ 12:31 pm Reply\n\nHave you made this with coconut flour but chance? I was wondering if I would\nuse the same amount as the regular flour. Thanks!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — January 27, 2017 @ 1:22 pm\n\nHi Jennie! I haven’t made much experience with coconut flour so I am not sure!\n\n 65. Cheneille W. — February 2, 2017 @ 5:48 pm Reply\n\nJust made this last night, and it’s so good. I did substitute/alter the flour.\nI used 1/2 cp oat flour, 1/2 cp almond flour & 1/2 cp all purpose flour. Prior\nto adding the egg, I tasted it, and preferred a little more sweetness. I added\n3 Tbls splenda brown sugar. I used Ghirardelli mini semi sweet chips in the\nbatter (2 Tbls) along with the Hershey’s unsweetened cocoa powder. With the\nflour subbing, I had to increase the baking time by 15 min. The cake was moist\nand yummy, almost brownie like. Even hubby LOVED it! Thanks for sharing the\nrecipe!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — February 6, 2017 @ 9:00 am\n\nI’m so glad it turned out great!\n\n 66. emiley — February 28, 2017 @ 6:38 pm Reply\n\nHow many calories are in this? Adding recipe and your website info to our\nhealthy eating newsletter and couldn’t find per serving info? Can you help?\n\n 67. Nicola — March 3, 2017 @ 5:08 pm Reply\n\nI made this cake for my husbands birthday as we love healthier options and it\nwas YUMMY!!! We had cake for breakfast, lunch and dinner!! Shared it with\nfriends! Also love that its everyday ingredients. Thanks for the recipe!!????\n\n 68. Nicola — March 3, 2017 @ 5:15 pm Reply\n\nAh wow and we love Jesus also!!!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — March 4, 2017 @ 8:28 pm\n\nAwwww!!! You are so sweet!!\n\n 69. Malvika — March 16, 2017 @ 6:14 pm Reply\n\nI just made this cake for my husband’s birthday . We are trying to cut the\nsugar and this was a perfect solution . I am no baker but I think my cake\nturned out fine . Would adding another egg make it fluffier ? thanks so much\nfor your recipe !\n\n 70. Melissa — March 19, 2017 @ 9:10 am Reply\n\nMine turned out pretty dense and more of a chewy brownie, do you know what may\nhave caused that?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — March 27, 2017 @ 7:28 am\n\nHi Melissa! Could you have over mixed the batter? You’ll want to mix the dry\ningredients into the wet ingredients just until there are no streaks of flour.\n\n 71. Sam — March 23, 2017 @ 12:18 am Reply\n\nCan I sub the eggs? We have egg allergies so cant have eggs\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — March 27, 2017 @ 7:19 am\n\nHi Sam, I haven’t tried substituting the eggs myself, so unfortunately I’m not\nable to help with that. Sorry!\n\n 72. Terri — May 19, 2017 @ 12:36 pm Reply\n\nFor this recipe, do you have the serving size and calories associated w/ each\nserving\n\n 73. Ben ma — May 31, 2017 @ 2:25 am Reply\n\nOmg I’m gonna try this tomorrow but don’t have a squire pan. Do you know or\nthink a 9′′ loaf pan would work? Thanks\n\n 74. Nikita Krishnani — June 10, 2017 @ 12:21 pm Reply\n\nHi,\n\nThis cake looks delicious. Couple q. Can I give honey to my soon to be 1 year\nold? Also, can I replace peanut butter with anything else?\n\nThanks!\n\n 75. Diane — June 18, 2017 @ 1:56 pm Reply\n\nEXCELLENT cake for a 1st bday party!!!! Made it a 3-layer-cake with cream\ncheese frosting. It was an instant win with everyone, kids and adults alike.\nThanks for sharing :)\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — June 20, 2017 @ 3:00 pm\n\nI love the addition of the cream cheese frosting!\n\n 76. Anna Marie — July 15, 2017 @ 7:19 pm Reply\n\nI love your recipe. I bake it and my craving with sweet is satisfy and its so\ndelicious. Do you know how much is the calories per serving for this recipe.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — July 18, 2017 @ 1:18 pm\n\nHi Anna Marie! I haven’t calculated that, but you can put the ingredients in\nsomething like spark recipes (https://recipes.sparkpeople.com/recipe-\ncalculator.asp) and it will tell you!\n\n 77. Alexandra — July 17, 2017 @ 5:38 am Reply\n\nI’d like to make cupcakes to send to the day care for my little one’s first\nbirthday. Can I use this recipe and how would you adjust cooking time?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — July 18, 2017 @ 1:28 pm\n\nHi Alexandra! We actually converted this recipe into muffins:\nhttp://thefirstyearblog.com/healthier-chocolate-mini-muffins/\n\nYou could definitely “convert” them to cupcakes by adding frosting. I love\nthis lighter chocolate frosting from this recipe\nhttp://thefirstyearblog.com/healthy-chocolate-fudge-cake/\n\n 78. Jessica — January 10, 2018 @ 8:23 pm Reply\n\nThank you very much for this recipe – it looks delicious. Given that I am\nhardcore about avoiding refined sugar (and also determined to unveil all the\ndifferent places that it has been snuck into our foods without our even\nknowing — to the severe detriment of our collective health), I wanted to point\nout that it has made at least one sneaky appearance here... in the sponsored\nbrand of chocolate chips you recommend using. :( Sorry to be the bearer of bad\nnews. It’s also likely in the peanut butter, unless you’ve sought out one of\nthe few brands that doesn’t add it, so worth mentioning that a real sugar\navoider should check the label on that too!\n\n 79. maria — February 7, 2018 @ 1:56 pm Reply\n\ni just baked it , is really nice recipe. I used almond butter instead of\npeanut butter and slightly added more cacao and honey and walnuts instead of\nchocolate sprinkles. but it is really tasty and healthy , this a recipe that i\nwill always make.....\n\n 80. Megan Sullivan — April 15, 2018 @ 8:16 pm Reply\n\nThis looks like the most delicious chocolate cake! I am so excited to try it!\nDo you possibly have the nutritional information for this recipe?\n\n 81. Deb Grayson — April 20, 2018 @ 4:39 pm Reply\n\nThis looks fantastic! Can I substitute butter for the peanut butter? I’m\nbaking for a friend with a huge nut allergy\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — April 23, 2018 @ 10:27 am\n\nHi Deb! I’m hesitant to recommend that. Can your friend have almond butter? Or\nmaybe try sunflower butter?\n\n 82. MY — May 2, 2018 @ 9:46 pm Reply\n\nReally moist and delicious! I just made it for my husband’s birthday and he\nwas amazed that something healthy could taste this good ;) Since I didn’t have\nGreek yogurt in hand, I used half & half and it still turned out great. Thanks\nfor sharing this recipe.\n\n 83. N Beninger — May 7, 2018 @ 3:57 pm Reply\n\nSounds delicious...but honey IS sugar and chocolate chips are loaded with\nsugar as well. This has lower sugar content than other cakes but is still\nunsuitable for diabetics or those watching sugar intake.\n\n 84. Vicki — July 2, 2018 @ 3:40 pm Reply\n\nCould you please tell me the nutritional value in this cake?? I’ve made it 3\ntimes now and never know what to record on my dietary app! Thank you!\n\n 85. Grace Fenech — July 5, 2018 @ 11:08 am Reply\n\nI want to make this cake for my daughter for her playschool but not allowed to\nuse peanut butter due to allergies that kids might have. What can I use\ninstead please?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — July 13, 2018 @ 9:47 am\n\nAlmond butter perhaps?\n\n 86. Sherry Couzens — July 23, 2018 @ 5:32 pm Reply\n\nI am one of those people who likes to taste the batter (yes I know there’s a\nraw egg involved here). The awful batter turned into a surprisingly good cake\n.Many no- fat cakes are rubbery...not this one.\n\n 87. Indira — August 30, 2018 @ 10:51 am Reply\n\nOh my god! Just baked this and it’s fantastic! I’m think this is the yummiest,\nhealthiest thing I have ever made! It’s so fudge like and googey. Love love\nlove the recipe! My 2 and a half year old has been asking me to make a\nchocolate since days and i’m so glad I came across your website to make a\nhealthier version for him and it has a fruit! Thanks so much :)\n\n 88. Jennifer Sheldon — September 15, 2018 @ 11:40 pm Reply\n\nI am hoping you can answer this for me. My husband is allergic to bananas, so\nI am wondering how much applesauce to use in place of the bananas? I really\nwant to make him a healthier cake that he can enjoy with us, instead of being\nleft out. Thank you in advance hun! ????\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — September 17, 2018 @ 9:39 am\n\nHi Jennifer!\n\nI haven’t tried this recipe without bananas, so unfortunately I can’t give you\na proper substitute! But I’ll write it down on my list of things to try!\n\n 89. Marie — September 29, 2018 @ 6:44 am Reply\n\nThank you for this incredible reciepi!\n\nThis cake has come out so well both times ive made it and ive kept a close eye\non it each time to prevent over cooking. Im impressed at having no NOT include\nany white sugar or butter/oil and think the natural yogurt is a clever\nalternative. Id encourage anyone looking for a healthy chocolate cake to give\nthis a go\n\n 90. Shaheen — October 4, 2018 @ 1:12 pm Reply\n\nThank you so much for the recipe. I used oat flour and baked in muffin pan.\nTurned out v yummy\n\n 91. Johanna — October 10, 2018 @ 6:01 am Reply\n\nsooooo good!! Just made those together with my 2 year old and it was so easy\nand fun to put together – we did not even use a mixer, just mashed the\nbananas, and then mixed everything together, took whole wheat flour (as it’s\nmore compact I took a bit less than indicated), used maple syrup instead of\nhoney as I have an under-one-year-old who also wants to eat everything ;) It\nwas in the oven for well 35 minutes and even though the knife came still out a\nbit sticky I removed it, and it’s suuuper moist, almost fudge-like, and very\nvery delicious!\n\n 92. Liz Lantz — March 22, 2019 @ 3:03 pm Reply\n\nI tried this recipe as a test for my daughter’s first birthday cake and it is\nAWESOME!! However, I just learned that our pediatrician recommends avoiding\nhoney until she is 2. Any idea what would happen if I just left the honey out\ncompletely? Or, could I increase the amount of bananas and leave out the\nhoney? Sub maple syrup? Open to any ideas (we’re not super sensitive to\nsugar). Thanks!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — April 5, 2019 @ 4:25 pm\n\nYou can definitely substitute maple syrup! Or I would try leaving it out too –\nhaven’t tried it myself, but let us know!\n\n 93. Pingback: Greek Yogurt Blueberry Muffins - Garnish & Glaze\n\n 94. Latifa — April 12, 2019 @ 9:27 am Reply\n\nI love it ! But i made little changes . .. i added 1/3 cup of toasted oatmeal\nflour and mixed it with whole wheat of flour , also i added a little of soya\nmilk .. flixable recipe is a great recipe ??\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — April 12, 2019 @ 10:20 am\n\nSo glad you made it your own!\n\n 95. Vanessa — May 13, 2019 @ 3:21 am Reply\n\nDear Beth, I have tried this recipe and it turned out very dry and crumbly and\nnot even moist at all even though it was cooked for almost 1 and a half hours.\nCan you show me pictures of what state it should be in when the mixture was\nready to go into the pan please. Coz mine was pretty crumblyy, not even smooth\nand not even blended together – it looked liked breadcrumbs in the pan. I\nsubstitute that flour with coconut flour perhaps I needed to add more eggs and\nabit of milk and coconut oil? What do you think? I am thinking of blending the\nmixture into powder again and add more eggs then bake the mixture again. What\ndo you think?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — June 4, 2019 @ 8:49 am\n\nHi Vanessa! You said you baked this bake for 1 and 1/2 hours? This is way too\nlong. The video will give you a good idea of the texture of the batter – it’s\nlike a thick brownie batter.\n\n 96. Michelle Tattersall — July 3, 2019 @ 11:06 pm Reply\n\nHi Beth, Can I substitute for coconut flour instead? Thanks\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — July 8, 2019 @ 8:26 pm\n\nHi Michelle! I haven’t tested it with coconut flour, so I can’t say for sure\nhow it will work!\n\n 97. Pingback: 30 Droolworthy Chocolate Cake Recipes - Beyond Frosting\n\n 98. Maggie — August 6, 2019 @ 12:32 pm Reply\n\nCould I use the blender to do all the mixing or does that add too much air?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — August 8, 2019 @ 11:08 am\n\nHi Maggie! I like to mix my flour in by hand – so thats the only thing I would\nbe concerned about, over-mixing in the blender.\n\n 99. Fiona Mcbride — January 12, 2020 @ 10:52 am Reply\n\nLovely ingredients I used Spelt flour, tahini instead of peanut butter as\ndon’t like the latter, also used soya yogurt and dairy free. However Honey is\nreally a sugar just not a very refined processed one so technically your\nreceipt is not ZERO sugar.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — January 22, 2020 @ 9:16 am\n\nThank you for the clarification!\n\n 100. Rubenee — February 27, 2020 @ 4:16 am Reply\n\nHi Beth, what would be the size of round pan if im want to make ths as a round\ncake ? And also baking time\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — February 28, 2020 @ 4:24 pm\n\nHi Rubenee! I would recommend an 8 inch round pan and I would first check the\ncake at 20 minutes and decide from there how much more time it needs!\n\n 101. Megan Marshall — March 7, 2020 @ 5:29 pm Reply\n\nHow peanut buttery tasting is it? I want to make this for my moms birthday but\nshe doesn’t like peanut butter\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — March 19, 2020 @ 10:55 am\n\nNot peanut buttery tasting at all! It tastes more like a chocolate banana\nmuffin!\n\n 102. PJ — April 5, 2020 @ 5:54 pm Reply\n\nHi! Can I replace the honey for stevia? I want to make this diabetic friendly.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — April 6, 2020 @ 9:10 am\n\nHi PJ! I haven’t tried that swap myself so I’m not sure how it would turn out.\n\n 103. tsue — May 15, 2020 @ 12:50 pm Reply\n\nI looove how easy this is to make and just how tasty it is!! I used 70% extra\nbitter callebaut callets for my choc chips and added a bit of coffee to bring\nout the chocolate flavour more.\n\nThanks for this ...I loove cake and chocolate and now I can have it healthy\n...you’re a life saver!! I also like how you graciously reply to some of these\n‘not so gracious’ comments- good on you ;) Keep experimenting for the benefit\nof us all :))\n\n 104. Caroline — May 26, 2020 @ 3:15 pm Reply\n\nHow long does the cake keep in an airtight container? Do you need to\nrefridgerate?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — May 27, 2020 @ 9:57 am\n\nHi Caroline! Store this cake in an airtight container on the counter for up to\n4 days.\n\n 105. Helen G — May 30, 2020 @ 1:32 pm Reply\n\nHi! My cake looks and smells wonderful! Thanks for a great recipe. I added a\ntablespoon or two of milk because my honey was crystallized and the batter was\nquite stiff. I think this was a great way to use my honey, plus I love the\ncombination of flavors this cake has. Thanks for a great pantry friendly\noption!\n\n 106. Hannah Desoloc — June 10, 2020 @ 2:37 am Reply\n\nHi, as a newbie, I would like to say how much I appreciated this recipe. No\nadditional sugar but the ingredients are available on where I currently\nreside. Would like to ask though, if I could make this using a steamer or a\nmicrowave. Or in a turbo boiler at best. My baby is turning one next month and\nwould love to feature this cake in her improvised photoshoot. ?❤️?\n\n 107. Sandra — July 9, 2020 @ 8:47 am Reply\n\nCan I substitute honey for coconut palm sugar?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — July 9, 2020 @ 11:38 am\n\nHi Sandra! I haven’t tried it myself, let me know if you try that swap!\n\n 108. Rose — July 13, 2020 @ 10:31 pm Reply\n\nHi will this cake turn out fluffy? can I use cake flour Instead? Thanks!!\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — July 15, 2020 @ 8:55 am\n\nHi Rose! This cake has a muffin like texture and consistency! I haven’t tried\nusing cake flour myself, so I cannot weigh in on that.\n\n 109. Rachelle — July 14, 2020 @ 5:55 pm Reply\n\nWill it mess up the consistency if I replace the honey with baking Stevia?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — July 15, 2020 @ 8:55 am\n\nPossibly, I haven’t tried substituting the honey myself, so I cannot give a\nsure answer!\n\n 110. Isabelle — August 23, 2020 @ 10:48 am Reply\n\nHi, do you think I could substitute flour for oat flour, basically finely\ngrounded oat? Thank you so much and it looks so yummy :)\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — August 24, 2020 @ 8:34 am\n\nHi Isabelle! I don’t have much experience baking with oat flour. If you try\nit, report back please!\n\n 111. Mark S. — August 29, 2020 @ 9:07 pm Reply\n\nMy 13 year old daughter, who loves to bake, made this and it came out perfect!\nWe decided to make cupcakes (this made 17 cupcakes, we just checked them until\nthe toothpick came out clean). We topped it with a honey buttercream icing. It\nwas fantastic! Thank you very much for such a great sugar free cupcake.\n\n 112. Sahari — September 12, 2020 @ 9:06 pm Reply\n\nI wonder if Just Egg can be used instead of an actual egg?\n\n 113. Joan — October 3, 2020 @ 4:23 pm Reply\n\nI want to make a birthday cake. Can this be made in 2 round cake pans?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — October 5, 2020 @ 5:20 pm\n\nHi Joan! I would double the recipe and split between 2 round pans. The recipe\nas written wouldn’t make enough batter to split between 2 pans.\n\n 114. Sarah M — October 21, 2020 @ 10:06 pm Reply\n\nWill it take like bananas? Because I don’t like the taste of banana in bread\nlol.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — October 23, 2020 @ 10:46 am\n\nIt tastes like a chocolate banana muffin! Here’s a recipe for a healthy\nchocolate cake that doesn’t have any bananas:\nhttps://thefirstyearblog.com/healthy-chocolate-fudge-cake/\n\n 115. Tanya — November 3, 2020 @ 7:58 pm Reply\n\nYummmo! I tried this recipe and just added walnuts to the batter. It came out\nso moist and fluffy. You barely miss the sugar!\n\n 116. gary jones — November 16, 2020 @ 7:36 am Reply\n\nI am thinking of giving this a try, can anyone please advise as too if this is\nfreezable or not, thanks from me in advance.\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — November 18, 2020 @ 11:14 am\n\nHi Gary! I haven’t tried freezing this whole cake myself.\n\n 117. Jeanna — December 15, 2020 @ 1:38 pm Reply\n\nHello I was wondering how many calories are in a slice of the healthier\nchocolate cake?\n\n 118. Lesley — January 11, 2021 @ 2:21 pm Reply\n\nAre there any substitutes for the honey?\n\n 119. Esther Osk — April 13, 2021 @ 9:26 am Reply\n\nCan I substitute almond butter with peanut butter?\n\n * Beth @ The First Year — April 13, 2021 @ 10:14 am\n\nI think that would be okay!\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Hi, I’m Beth!\n\nHere you’ll find indulgent desserts, quick and easy desserts to feed a crowd,\nplus healthier desserts to satisfy any craving!\n\nMore About Me »\n\n### As Seen In...\n\n### new recipes via email:\n\nsubscribe now & get our top 10 essential dessert recipes free!\n\n * ^ Top\n * Home\n * About\n * Contact\n * Recipes\n * Privacy Policy\n\n©2021 The First Year. Design by Purr.\n\nFollow me on Instagram\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://cuesa.org/learn/10-reasons-support-farmers-markets", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414232633/https://cuesa.org/learn/10-reasons-support-farmers-markets", "parsed_text": { "title": "10 Reasons to Support Farmers Markets", "passages": [ "From savoring produce at the peak of freshness to meeting the people who grow your food, there are countless reasons to support farmers markets. Here are just a few!", "The fruits and vegetables you buy at the farmers market are the freshest and tastiest available. Fruits are allowed to ripen fully in the field and are brought directly to you—no long-distance shipping, no gassing to simulate the ripening process, no sitting for weeks in storage. This food is as real as it gets—fresh from the farm.", "The food you buy at the farmers market is seasonal. It is fresh and delicious and reflects the truest flavors. Shopping and cooking from the farmers market helps you to reconnect with the cycles of nature in our region. As you look forward to asparagus in spring, savor sweet corn in summer, or bake pumpkins in autumn, you reconnect with the earth, the weather, and the turning of the year.", "Family farmers need your support, now that large agribusiness dominates food production in the U.S. Small family farms have a hard time competing in the food marketplace. Buying directly from farmers gives them a better return for their produce and gives them a fighting chance in today’s globalized economy.", "Food in the U.S. travels an average of 1,500 miles to get to your plate. All this shipping uses large amounts of natural resources (especially fossil fuels), contributes to pollution, and creates trash with extra packaging. Conventional agriculture also uses many more resources than sustainable agriculture and pollutes water, land, and air with toxic agricultural by- products. Food at the farmers market is transported shorter distances and is generally grown using methods that minimize the impact on the earth.", "Much food found in grocery stores is highly processed and grown using pesticides, hormones, antibiotics, and genetic modification. Some of it has been irradiated, waxed, or gassed in transit. These practices may have negative effects on human health. In contrast, most food found at the farmers market is minimally processed, and many of our farmers go to great lengths to grow the most nutritious produce possible by using sustainable techniques, picking produce right before the market, and growing heirloom varieties.", "At the farmers market you find an amazing array of produce that you don’t see in your average supermarket: red carrots, a rainbow of heirloom tomatoes, purple cauliflower, stinging nettles, green garlic, watermelon radishes, quail eggs, maitake mushrooms, and much, much more. It is a wonderful opportunity to savor the biodiversity of our planet.", "At the farmers market, you can find meats, cheeses, and eggs from animals that have been raised without hormones or antibiotics, who have grazed on green grass and eaten natural diets, and who have been spared the cramped and unnatural living conditions of feedlots and cages that are typical of animal agriculture.", "A regular trip to a farmers market is one of the best ways to connect with where your food comes from. Meeting and talking to farmers and food artisans is a great opportunity to learn more about how and where food is produced. CUESA’s seller profiles that hang at the booths give you even more opportunities to learn about the people who work hard to bring you the most delicious and nutritious food around. Profiles, articles about sellers, and a map of farms are also available on this website.", "Few grocery store cashiers or produce stockers will give you tips on how to cook the ingredients you buy, but farmers, ranchers, and artisans at the farmers market are often passionate cooks with plenty of free advice about how to cook the foods they are selling. You can also attend free seasonal cooking demonstrations by leading Bay Area chefs and evening classes on food preservation and other kitchen skills.", "Wouldn’t you rather stroll amidst outdoor stalls of fresh produce on a sunny day than roll your cart around a grocery store with artificial lights and piped in music? Coming to the farmers market makes shopping a pleasure rather than a chore. The farmers market is a community hub—a place to meet up with your friends, bring your children, or just get a taste of small-town life in the midst of our wonderful big city.", "CUESA (Center for Urban Education about Sustainable Agriculture) is dedicated to growing thriving communities through the power and joy of local food. Learn More »" ] }, "parsed_md": "10 Reasons to Support Farmers Markets | CUESA\n\nSkip to main content\n\nStay fresh! Receive our weekly newsletter\n\n## Cultivating a Healthy Food System\n\nDonate Today\n\nFerry Plaza Farmers Market »\n\nOPEN! Sat 8am–2pm | Tue & Thu 10am–2pm\n\nMission Community Market »\n\nOPEN! Thu 3pm-7pm\n\nFerry Plaza Farmers Market »\n\nMission Community Market »\n\n## You are here\n\nHome » Learn\n\n## You are here\n\nHome » Learn\n\n# 10 Reasons to Support Farmers Markets\n\nPrint\n\nFrom savoring produce at the peak of freshness to meeting the people who grow\nyour food, there are countless reasons to support farmers markets. Here are\njust a few!\n\n## 1\\. Taste Real Flavors\n\nThe fruits and vegetables you buy at the farmers market are the freshest and\ntastiest available. Fruits are allowed to ripen fully in the field and are\nbrought directly to you—no long-distance shipping, no gassing to simulate the\nripening process, no sitting for weeks in storage. This food is as real as it\ngets—fresh from the farm.\n\n## 2\\. Enjoy the Season\n\nThe food you buy at the farmers market is seasonal. It is fresh and delicious\nand reflects the truest flavors. Shopping and cooking from the farmers market\nhelps you to reconnect with the cycles of nature in our region. As you look\nforward to asparagus in spring, savor sweet corn in summer, or bake pumpkins\nin autumn, you reconnect with the earth, the weather, and the turning of the\nyear.\n\n## 3\\. Support Family Farmers\n\nFamily farmers need your support, now that large agribusiness dominates food\nproduction in the U.S. Small family farms have a hard time competing in the\nfood marketplace. Buying directly from farmers gives them a better return for\ntheir produce and gives them a fighting chance in today’s globalized economy.\n\n## 4\\. Protect the Environment\n\nFood in the U.S. travels an average of 1,500 miles to get to your plate. All\nthis shipping uses large amounts of natural resources (especially fossil\nfuels), contributes to pollution, and creates trash with extra packaging.\nConventional agriculture also uses many more resources than sustainable\nagriculture and pollutes water, land, and air with toxic agricultural by-\nproducts. Food at the farmers market is transported shorter distances and is\ngenerally grown using methods that minimize the impact on the earth.\n\n## 5\\. Nourish Yourself\n\nMuch food found in grocery stores is highly processed and grown using\npesticides, hormones, antibiotics, and genetic modification. Some of it has\nbeen irradiated, waxed, or gassed in transit. These practices may have\nnegative effects on human health. In contrast, most food found at the farmers\nmarket is minimally processed, and many of our farmers go to great lengths to\ngrow the most nutritious produce possible by using sustainable techniques,\npicking produce right before the market, and growing heirloom varieties.\n\n## 6\\. Discover the Spice of Life: Variety\n\nAt the farmers market you find an amazing array of produce that you don’t see\nin your average supermarket: red carrots, a rainbow of heirloom tomatoes,\npurple cauliflower, stinging nettles, green garlic, watermelon radishes, quail\neggs, maitake mushrooms, and much, much more. It is a wonderful opportunity to\nsavor the biodiversity of our planet.\n\n## 7\\. Promote Humane Treatment of Animals\n\nAt the farmers market, you can find meats, cheeses, and eggs from animals that\nhave been raised without hormones or antibiotics, who have grazed on green\ngrass and eaten natural diets, and who have been spared the cramped and\nunnatural living conditions of feedlots and cages that are typical of animal\nagriculture.\n\n## 8\\. Know Where Your Food Comes From\n\nA regular trip to a farmers market is one of the best ways to connect with\nwhere your food comes from. Meeting and talking to farmers and food artisans\nis a great opportunity to learn more about how and where food is produced.\nCUESA’s seller profiles that hang at the booths give you even more\nopportunities to learn about the people who work hard to bring you the most\ndelicious and nutritious food around. Profiles, articles about sellers, and a\nmap of farms are also available on this website.\n\n## 9\\. Learn Cooking Tips, Recipes, and Meal Ideas\n\nFew grocery store cashiers or produce stockers will give you tips on how to\ncook the ingredients you buy, but farmers, ranchers, and artisans at the\nfarmers market are often passionate cooks with plenty of free advice about how\nto cook the foods they are selling. You can also attend free seasonal cooking\ndemonstrations by leading Bay Area chefs and evening classes on food\npreservation and other kitchen skills.\n\n## 10\\. Connect with Your Community\n\nWouldn’t you rather stroll amidst outdoor stalls of fresh produce on a sunny\nday than roll your cart around a grocery store with artificial lights and\npiped in music? Coming to the farmers market makes shopping a pleasure rather\nthan a chore. The farmers market is a community hub—a place to meet up with\nyour friends, bring your children, or just get a taste of small-town life in\nthe midst of our wonderful big city.\n\n#### Recent Articles\n\n * #### Midnite Bagel and Ethel’s Bagels Bake in West Coast Flavor\n\n * #### Stop Hate Against Asian Americans\n\n * #### CUESA Farmers Market Box for Curbside Pickup or Home Delivery\n\n * #### COVID-19 Response and Market Updates\n\nMore articles »\n\n## Explore Your Foodshed\n\nVirtual farm tours, videos, and more\n\n#### Article Topics\n\nAgribusiness Animal welfare Biodynamic Books Celebrations Chef Climate change\nCocktails Community CSA CUESA Events CUESA Programs CUESA Talks Culinary DIY\nEnergy Entrepreneurship Environment Equity Family Farmers Farmers market Farms\nFishing Flowers/trees Food & Farm Tours Food access Food crafters Food policy\nFoodwise Kids Foodwise Teens Fruit Health Holiday Humane Interviews Kitchen\nTable Advisors Labor La Cocina Local Market Ambassador Market Memories Market\nWatch Meat/poultry Meet Our Team Movies New farmers News Nutrition Organic\nPest management Pollinators Prepared foods Press release Restaurants Seafood\nSeasonal Slow food Small business Social justice Soil The Food Change Trends\nUrban farming Urban homestead Vegetables Video Volunteer of the Month Waste\nWater Weather Youth\n\n## About CUESA\n\nCUESA (Center for Urban Education about Sustainable Agriculture) is dedicated\nto growing thriving communities through the power and joy of local food. Learn\nMore »\n\nDONATE\n\nCUESA | 1 Ferry Building, Suite 50, San Francisco, CA 94111 | Ramaytush Ohlone\nLand © 2021 Center for Urban Education about Sustainable Agriculture\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/truth-about-sugar", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200712042641/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/truth-about-sugar", "parsed_text": { "title": "The truth about sugar", "passages": [ "Why is sugar bad for you, and what is the recommended daily allowance? We explain common hidden sources of sugar and easy ways to cut back on your intake.", "There is increasing research to suggest that it's the sugar rather than the fat in our diets that is the major contributing factor to our obesity epidemic. Nutritionist Kerry Torrens explains the 'hidden' sugar you may not know you're eating and how to spot it on food labels...", "Sugar is a carbohydrate found naturally in a host of different foods, from lactose in milk to fructose in fruit and honey. There are two types of sugar: naturally occurring sugar (such as the lactose in milk) and added or 'free' sugars that include refined table sugar (sucrose) as well as concentrated sources like fruit juice, honey and syrups. Health organisations including the NHS advise we cut back on these 'free sugars'.", "The new recommendations from the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the UK's official nutrition advisors are that only 5% of your daily calorie intake should consist of added, or 'free' sugars. This equates to approximately seven sugar cubes (30g). Children should have less – no more than 19g a day for children aged 4-6 years old (five sugar cubes), and no more than 24g (six sugar cubes) for children aged 7-10 years old.", "If you're very active and exercise regularly some sugar in your diet helps supply ready energy to fuel your muscles and keep your brain active. The problem for the majority of us is that many of the processed foods we eat - in particular, those marketed to children - have added sugar that supplies energy in the form of calories, and very little else, so we end up consuming more than we need. A high intake of sugar causes our blood sugar levels to shoot up, giving us that feel-good 'high' followed by a crashing slump that leaves us tired, irritable and craving more sugary foods. It's a vicious cycle that may be contributing to our weight problems as well as health conditions like diabetes and heart disease.", "In recognition of these issues, the government has released guidelines for the food industry to reduce the amount of sugar in packaged products.", "The instant 'lift' we get from sugar is one of the reasons we turn to it at times of celebration, or when we crave comfort or reward. However, even those of us without a sweet tooth may be eating more than we realise because so many everyday processed foods, from cereals and bread to pasta sauce and soups, contain sugar.", "'Low-fat' and 'diet' foods often contain extra sugar to help improve their taste and palatability and to add bulk and texture in place of fat.", "The natural sugar in some fruit, including apples, has increased as new varieties (including Pink Lady, Fuji and Jazz) are bred to satisfy our desire for greater sweetness.", "Look at the 'carbs as sugars' on the nutrition panel. This includes both natural and added sugars. Less than 5g per 100g is low, more than 22.5g per 100g is high.", "Check the ingredients list for anything ending in 'ose' (glucose, sucrose, fructose, lactose, maltose). These are all forms of sugar, as are honey, agave, molasses and syrups like corn and rice syrup. The higher up the ingredients list these are, the more sugar the product contains.", "Know your substitute. For example, xylitol, sorbitol and mannitol. These occur naturally in small amounts in plants and fruits and are often used in low-calorie products to provide sweetness but with fewer calories. Xylitol can be used in home baking as a replacement for regular sugar (ratio 1:1) although your bakes won't brown as much and xylitol can't be used where yeast is the raising agent.", "Reduce the sugar you add to hot drinks. Do so gradually to give your tastebuds time to adjust. Try adding a sprinkle of cinnamon to cappuccino or hot chocolate. Cinnamon has several health benefits and adds flavour without the sweetness.", "Be wary of 'sugar-free' foods. These often contain artificial sweeteners like sucralose, saccharin and aspartame. Although these taste sweet, research suggests that they don't help curb a sweet tooth so they tend to send confusing messages to the brain and that can lead to over-eating.", "Balance your carb intake with lean protein like fish, chicken and turkey. Protein foods slow stomach emptying which helps manage cravings. Try our tuna, asparagus & white bean salad.", "Swap white bread, rice and pasta for wholegrain versions like oats, granary and wholemeal breads, brown rice and pasta. Try our mixed seed bread.", "Stick to one glass of fruit juice a day (dilute it and enjoy with a meal to protect your teeth) and keep sweet soft drinks and alcohol for the weekends. Enjoy herbal teas or water with slices of citrus fruits for flavouring. Learn more about the health benefits of lemon water.", "For a pick-me-up, have a piece of whole fruit with a handful of nuts or a small tub of plain yogurt. Both contain protein which helps balance blood sugar and energy levels. Try our cinnamon cashew spread with apple slices, or our berry yogurt pots.", "10 things you should know before giving up sugar All you need to know about sugar More health & nutrition tips", "Kerry Torrens is a qualified Nutritionist (MBANT) with a post graduate diploma in Personalised Nutrition & Nutritional Therapy. She is a member of the British Association for Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine (BANT) and a member of the Guild of Food Writers. Over the last 15 years she has been a contributing author to a number of nutritional and cookery publications including BBC Good Food.", "All health content on bbcgoodfood.com is provided for general information only, and should not be treated as a substitute for the medical advice of your own doctor or any other health care professional. If you have any concerns about your general health, you should contact your local health care provider. See our website terms and conditions for more information.", "Whether you're looking for sweet substitutes, sugar-free baking guides or simply want to find out your recommended daily amounts, find all the answers in our sugar hub.", "I agree that sugar can cause many negative effects within the body. Almost every part of the human body is affected by sugar overtime if you consume too much of it. According to Web MD, “people who eat a lot of added sugar (where at least 25% of their calories comes from added sugar) are twice as likely to die of heart disease as those whose diets include less than 10% of total calories from added sugar” (“How Does Too Much Sugar Affect Your Body”). That is why it is so important to know how to avoid it, this article really highlights some important points to help someone stay away from sugar. Last year, my mom got me really into becoming more cautious about how much sugar I am consuming on a daily basis. She has been living a Keto lifestyle for the past year or so, which does not allow for her to consume any carbohydrates or sugars. Seeing her avoid sugar for so long and seeing her results was so inspiring that I also decided to avoid sugar. I indulge every now and then, but I consume much less sugar than I used to. The most important point from this article would probably be recognizing hidden sugar, many people think to only avoid soda and sugary treats when avoiding sugar, but there is so much more to it.", "When I was a small child I always had a glass of milk at bedtime AFTER cleaning my teeth. My dentist attributed that to my need for so many fillings by the time I was 20. Back in the 60's we were blissfully unaware that milk has about half as much sugar/lactose as a fizzy drink.", "Many of our customers at Total Diet Food like to know their exact macronutrient ratios, so we provide them a tailored meal plan delivered to their doorstep. We calculate their calorie level and their daily needs in fat, protein and carb intake.", "Unfortunately it is quite UNTRUE to say honey sugars cannot be converted to fats. While many people enjoy the flavour of replacing sugar with honey in recipes there is little or no health benefit - the belief that honey contains significant amounts of vitamins is also untrue.", "Excuse me but Honey is not converted to fat in the body. Body does not know how to convert it to fat. So substitution sugar to honey is on some occasions definetly a good alternative beside more vitamins/minerals.", "Hate to disillusion you, but honey, and in fact all sugars, are the exactly just what is converted to fat. The body knows precisely how to do it, in fact, that is what triglycerides are, fats that originated as carbohydrate. Unlike most of the 'debate' on this subject, there is no debate here. You are mistaken. Honey is sugar, and thus makes you fat. It is slightly better than sugar as you know it, because it has water and some micronutrients, but in the end, honey=sugar=fat.", "It doesn't really matter if you feed yourself sugar or starch or if the sugar comes from fizzy drinks, juice or fruit it will all be converted to glucose and raise your insulin. A high insulin will make you body stop burning fat and instead store it. Also starchy food like bread, pasta, potatoes and rice will turn into glucose. The body doesn't need carbohydrates to function, yes it would need a little glucose for red blood cells and a small amount to the brain, but this can be made from protein and fat. For energy the body can use ketone bodies made from fat, actually both the heart and the brain prefer this fuel.", "We've highlighted some of the current research and thinking above but you can also find additional information in the features listed at the bottom or the article.", "interested in the bowl of bran flakes having 3 tea spoons of sugar I just bought some bran flakes - hey claim 30% less sugar now and say a 30g portion has 4g sugar (=1 teaspoon) - so not 3 teaspoons - is this difference because a) the 30% less sugar in the product is since the \"truth about sugar\" was made and b) 30g is a small portion compared to that on the show ?", "I have just watched the BBC documentary The Truth about Sugar and was wondering if you could post the low sugar sweet and sour sauce recipe. thanks.", "\"only 5% of your daily calorie intake should consist of added, or 'free' sugars. This equates to ...35g for men.\" But 20 x 35 = 700 cals, whereas mens ideal daily calorie total is c 2700? What am I missing?", "Hi there, thanks for your question. We have all become familiar with the Guideline Daily Amounts (GDAs) – for an average man the GDA for calorie intake is 2500 calories per day, so 5% of this equates to 125 calories or in sugar terms 35g of sugar (about 7-8 tsp). 1 teaspoon = 16 calories Over the next few months you’ll increasingly see the GDAs being replaced with Reference Intakes – the figures for which have been streamlined so they now refer to just one set of figures rather than the male and female figures you’ve been seeing.", "Looking on the label for 'ose (fructose, lactose, glucose etc) is time consuming if you are trying to wizz around the supermarket. I was so fed up struggling to work out how much sugar is in the food that I buy that I decided to do something about it. I have spent over a year putting together a free information tool that allows us consumers to dig deeper behind those food labels. The food manufacturers may object, but consumers will be slightly better informed, you'll find it at infood.co.uk (if you like it, spread the word, if you don't, leave a comment and let me know how it can be improved)", "As well as helping you decide what to cook we can also help you to cook it. From tips on cookery techniques to facts and information about health and nutrition, we’ve a wealth of foodie know how for you to explore.", "We are the UK’s number one food brand. Whether you’re looking for healthy recipes and guides, family projects and meal plans, the latest gadget reviews, foodie travel inspiration or just the perfect recipe for dinner tonight, we’re here to help.", "All our recipes are tested thoroughly by us to make sure they’re suitable for your kitchen at home. We know many of you are concerned about healthy eating, so we send them to a qualified nutritionist for thorough analysis too.", "Love the new look or think we’ve missed the mark? We want to hear your thoughts – good and bad – to make sure we make the new website as useful as possible.", "* More recipes\n* Get in touch\n* Subscribe to the magazine\n* BBC Good Food events\n* Good Food TV channel" ] }, "parsed_md": "The truth about sugar | BBC Good Food\n\nBBC Good Food\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## My Good Food\n\nCreate an account\n\nSign in\n\nShopping List\n\n# The truth about sugar\n\n * By Kerry Torrens - Nutritionist\n\nShare:\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Email\n\nWhy is sugar bad for you, and what is the recommended daily allowance? We\nexplain common hidden sources of sugar and easy ways to cut back on your\nintake.\n\nThere is increasing research to suggest that it's the sugar rather than the\nfat in our diets that is the major contributing factor to our obesity\nepidemic. Nutritionist Kerry Torrens explains the 'hidden' sugar you may not\nknow you're eating and how to spot it on food labels...\n\n## How much sugar should I be eating?\n\nSugar is a carbohydrate found naturally in a host of different foods, from\nlactose in milk to fructose in fruit and honey. There are two types of sugar:\nnaturally occurring sugar (such as the lactose in milk) and added or 'free'\nsugars that include refined table sugar (sucrose) as well as concentrated\nsources like fruit juice, honey and syrups. Health organisations including the\nNHS advise we cut back on these 'free sugars'.\n\nThe new recommendations from the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the UK's\nofficial nutrition advisors are that only 5% of your daily calorie intake\nshould consist of added, or 'free' sugars. This equates to approximately seven\nsugar cubes (30g). Children should have less – no more than 19g a day for\nchildren aged 4-6 years old (five sugar cubes), and no more than 24g (six\nsugar cubes) for children aged 7-10 years old.\n\n## Why is sugar bad for you?\n\nIf you're very active and exercise regularly some sugar in your diet helps\nsupply ready energy to fuel your muscles and keep your brain active. The\nproblem for the majority of us is that many of the processed foods we eat - in\nparticular, those marketed to children - have added sugar that supplies energy\nin the form of calories, and very little else, so we end up consuming more\nthan we need. A high intake of sugar causes our blood sugar levels to shoot\nup, giving us that feel-good 'high' followed by a crashing slump that leaves\nus tired, irritable and craving more sugary foods. It's a vicious cycle that\nmay be contributing to our weight problems as well as health conditions like\ndiabetes and heart disease.\n\nIn recognition of these issues, the government has released guidelines for the\nfood industry to reduce the amount of sugar in packaged products.\n\n## Hidden sources of sugar\n\nThe instant 'lift' we get from sugar is one of the reasons we turn to it at\ntimes of celebration, or when we crave comfort or reward. However, even those\nof us without a sweet tooth may be eating more than we realise because so many\neveryday processed foods, from cereals and bread to pasta sauce and soups,\ncontain sugar.\n\n * 'Low-fat' and 'diet' foods often contain extra sugar to help improve their taste and palatability and to add bulk and texture in place of fat.\n * Even savoury foods, like ready-made soups and sauces may contain added sugar.\n * A can of soft drink, on average, contains the equivalent of seven teaspoons of sugar.\n * The natural sugar in some fruit, including apples, has increased as new varieties (including Pink Lady, Fuji and Jazz) are bred to satisfy our desire for greater sweetness.\n\n## Look on the label\n\nDiscover how much sugar is in your food by doing these simple checks:\n\n * Look at the 'carbs as sugars' on the nutrition panel. This includes both natural and added sugars. Less than 5g per 100g is low, more than 22.5g per 100g is high.\n * Check the ingredients list for anything ending in 'ose' (glucose, sucrose, fructose, lactose, maltose). These are all forms of sugar, as are honey, agave, molasses and syrups like corn and rice syrup. The higher up the ingredients list these are, the more sugar the product contains.\n * Know your substitute. For example, xylitol, sorbitol and mannitol. These occur naturally in small amounts in plants and fruits and are often used in low-calorie products to provide sweetness but with fewer calories. Xylitol can be used in home baking as a replacement for regular sugar (ratio 1:1) although your bakes won't brown as much and xylitol can't be used where yeast is the raising agent.\n\n## Ways to cut down on sugar\n\nMaking a few adjustments to your diet can help you cut down on unnecessary\nsugar consumption:\n\n * Reduce the sugar you add to hot drinks. Do so gradually to give your tastebuds time to adjust. Try adding a sprinkle of cinnamon to cappuccino or hot chocolate. Cinnamon has several health benefits and adds flavour without the sweetness.\n * Avoid low-fat 'diet' foods which tend to be high in sugars. Instead have smaller portions of the regular versions.\n * Be wary of 'sugar-free' foods. These often contain artificial sweeteners like sucralose, saccharin and aspartame. Although these taste sweet, research suggests that they don't help curb a sweet tooth so they tend to send confusing messages to the brain and that can lead to over-eating.\n * Balance your carb intake with lean protein like fish, chicken and turkey. Protein foods slow stomach emptying which helps manage cravings. Try our tuna, asparagus & white bean salad.\n * Swap white bread, rice and pasta for wholegrain versions like oats, granary and wholemeal breads, brown rice and pasta. Try our mixed seed bread.\n * Reduce the sugar in recipes and add spices to boost flavour and taste. Try our spiced apple pie.\n * Stick to one glass of fruit juice a day (dilute it and enjoy with a meal to protect your teeth) and keep sweet soft drinks and alcohol for the weekends. Enjoy herbal teas or water with slices of citrus fruits for flavouring. Learn more about the health benefits of lemon water.\n * For a pick-me-up, have a piece of whole fruit with a handful of nuts or a small tub of plain yogurt. Both contain protein which helps balance blood sugar and energy levels. Try our cinnamon cashew spread with apple slices, or our berry yogurt pots.\n\n## Useful resources for cutting down on sugar:\n\nDavina McCall: How to be sugar-free Our favourite lower sugar recipes BBC Good\nFood's guide to sugar-free baking\n\n## Like this? Now read...\n\n10 things you should know before giving up sugar All you need to know about\nsugar More health & nutrition tips\n\nThis article was last reviewed on 5th December 2018 by nutritionist Kerry\nTorrens.\n\nKerry Torrens is a qualified Nutritionist (MBANT) with a post graduate diploma\nin Personalised Nutrition & Nutritional Therapy. She is a member of the\nBritish Association for Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine (BANT) and a member\nof the Guild of Food Writers. Over the last 15 years she has been a\ncontributing author to a number of nutritional and cookery publications\nincluding BBC Good Food.\n\nAll health content on bbcgoodfood.com is provided for general information\nonly, and should not be treated as a substitute for the medical advice of your\nown doctor or any other health care professional. If you have any concerns\nabout your general health, you should contact your local health care provider.\nSee our website terms and conditions for more information.\n\nWhether you're looking for sweet substitutes, sugar-free baking guides or\nsimply want to find out your recommended daily amounts, find all the answers\nin our sugar hub.\n\n## Comments, questions and tips\n\nSign in or create your My Good Food account to join the discussion.\n\n * Comments (17)\n * Questions (8)\n * Tips (1)\n\nvandyke_18\n\n25th Mar, 2019\n\nI agree that sugar can cause many negative effects within the body. Almost\nevery part of the human body is affected by sugar overtime if you consume too\nmuch of it. According to Web MD, “people who eat a lot of added sugar (where\nat least 25% of their calories comes from added sugar) are twice as likely to\ndie of heart disease as those whose diets include less than 10% of total\ncalories from added sugar” (“How Does Too Much Sugar Affect Your Body”). That\nis why it is so important to know how to avoid it, this article really\nhighlights some important points to help someone stay away from sugar. Last\nyear, my mom got me really into becoming more cautious about how much sugar I\nam consuming on a daily basis. She has been living a Keto lifestyle for the\npast year or so, which does not allow for her to consume any carbohydrates or\nsugars. Seeing her avoid sugar for so long and seeing her results was so\ninspiring that I also decided to avoid sugar. I indulge every now and then,\nbut I consume much less sugar than I used to. The most important point from\nthis article would probably be recognizing hidden sugar, many people think to\nonly avoid soda and sugary treats when avoiding sugar, but there is so much\nmore to it.\n\nBrodie Morris\n\n11th Sep, 2018\n\nSUGAR IS GOOD FOR YOU EVERYONE IN CHAT THAT DISAGREES CAN DIE AND IS WRONG\nLOLLLLLLL\n\nBrendyn Houchens\n\n7th Mar, 2018\n\nI think sugar is good for you. LOL!\n\nChristinapolly\n\n7th Mar, 2016\n\nThanks For Sharing Nice Post. About exercise tips for sugar. Manipur Board\n10th Class Result 2016 Manipur Board 12th Result 2016\n\nmums_kitchen\n\n25th Aug, 2015\n\nWhen I was a small child I always had a glass of milk at bedtime AFTER\ncleaning my teeth. My dentist attributed that to my need for so many fillings\nby the time I was 20. Back in the 60's we were blissfully unaware that milk\nhas about half as much sugar/lactose as a fizzy drink.\n\naudreytotaldietfood\n\n22nd Jul, 2015\n\nMany of our customers at Total Diet Food like to know their exact\nmacronutrient ratios, so we provide them a tailored meal plan delivered to\ntheir doorstep. We calculate their calorie level and their daily needs in fat,\nprotein and carb intake.\n\ntatch\n\n27th Apr, 2015\n\nUnfortunately it is quite UNTRUE to say honey sugars cannot be converted to\nfats. While many people enjoy the flavour of replacing sugar with honey in\nrecipes there is little or no health benefit - the belief that honey contains\nsignificant amounts of vitamins is also untrue.\n\nskhlane\n\n22nd Mar, 2015\n\nExcuse me but Honey is not converted to fat in the body. Body does not know\nhow to convert it to fat. So substitution sugar to honey is on some occasions\ndefinetly a good alternative beside more vitamins/minerals.\n\nbiggergus\n\n17th Aug, 2015\n\nHate to disillusion you, but honey, and in fact all sugars, are the exactly\njust what is converted to fat. The body knows precisely how to do it, in fact,\nthat is what triglycerides are, fats that originated as carbohydrate. Unlike\nmost of the 'debate' on this subject, there is no debate here. You are\nmistaken. Honey is sugar, and thus makes you fat. It is slightly better than\nsugar as you know it, because it has water and some micronutrients, but in the\nend, honey=sugar=fat.\n\nModesty\n\n19th Mar, 2015\n\nIt doesn't really matter if you feed yourself sugar or starch or if the sugar\ncomes from fizzy drinks, juice or fruit it will all be converted to glucose\nand raise your insulin. A high insulin will make you body stop burning fat and\ninstead store it. Also starchy food like bread, pasta, potatoes and rice will\nturn into glucose. The body doesn't need carbohydrates to function, yes it\nwould need a little glucose for red blood cells and a small amount to the\nbrain, but this can be made from protein and fat. For energy the body can use\nketone bodies made from fat, actually both the heart and the brain prefer this\nfuel.\n\n## Pages\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * next ›\n\nBrodie Morris\n\n11th Sep, 2018\n\nhow do i eat more sugar?\n\nBrendyn Houchens\n\n7th Mar, 2018\n\nis sugar good for you??\n\ngoodfoodteam\n\n8th Mar, 2018\n\nWe've highlighted some of the current research and thinking above but you can\nalso find additional information in the features listed at the bottom or the\narticle.\n\nbnorth\n\n30th Jan, 2016\n\ninterested in the bowl of bran flakes having 3 tea spoons of sugar I just\nbought some bran flakes - hey claim 30% less sugar now and say a 30g portion\nhas 4g sugar (=1 teaspoon) - so not 3 teaspoons - is this difference because\na) the 30% less sugar in the product is since the \"truth about sugar\" was made\nand b) 30g is a small portion compared to that on the show ?\n\njanscott1980\n\n12th Sep, 2015\n\nI have just watched the BBC documentary The Truth about Sugar and was\nwondering if you could post the low sugar sweet and sour sauce recipe. thanks.\n\ngilpine\n\n27th Mar, 2015\n\nWhere can I find the pineapple sweetened sauce recipe to be used with\nchicken/prawns please?\n\ntoby7558\n\n3rd Jul, 2014\n\n\"only 5% of your daily calorie intake should consist of added, or 'free'\nsugars. This equates to ...35g for men.\" But 20 x 35 = 700 cals, whereas mens\nideal daily calorie total is c 2700? What am I missing?\n\nKerry Torrens\n\n14th Jul, 2014\n\nHi there, thanks for your question. We have all become familiar with the\nGuideline Daily Amounts (GDAs) – for an average man the GDA for calorie intake\nis 2500 calories per day, so 5% of this equates to 125 calories or in sugar\nterms 35g of sugar (about 7-8 tsp). 1 teaspoon = 16 calories Over the next few\nmonths you’ll increasingly see the GDAs being replaced with Reference Intakes\n– the figures for which have been streamlined so they now refer to just one\nset of figures rather than the male and female figures you’ve been seeing.\n\nhowmuchsugar\n\n11th Jun, 2015\n\nLooking on the label for 'ose (fructose, lactose, glucose etc) is time\nconsuming if you are trying to wizz around the supermarket. I was so fed up\nstruggling to work out how much sugar is in the food that I buy that I decided\nto do something about it. I have spent over a year putting together a free\ninformation tool that allows us consumers to dig deeper behind those food\nlabels. The food manufacturers may object, but consumers will be slightly\nbetter informed, you'll find it at infood.co.uk (if you like it, spread the\nword, if you don't, leave a comment and let me know how it can be improved)\n\n## Skills & know how\n\nAs well as helping you decide what to cook we can also help you to cook it.\nFrom tips on cookery techniques to facts and information about health and\nnutrition, we’ve a wealth of foodie know how for you to explore.\n\nSee our how to section...\n\n## About BBC Good Food\n\nWe are the UK’s number one food brand. Whether you’re looking for healthy\nrecipes and guides, family projects and meal plans, the latest gadget reviews,\nfoodie travel inspiration or just the perfect recipe for dinner tonight, we’re\nhere to help.\n\n## Our recipes\n\nAll our recipes are tested thoroughly by us to make sure they’re suitable for\nyour kitchen at home. We know many of you are concerned about healthy eating,\nso we send them to a qualified nutritionist for thorough analysis too.\n\nStart browsing our recipes now\n\n## Tell us what you think...\n\nLove the new look or think we’ve missed the mark? We want to hear your\nthoughts – good and bad – to make sure we make the new website as useful as\npossible.\n\nGet in touch\n\n## Magazine\n\nSubscribe to BBC Good Food magazine and get triple-tested recipes delivered to\nyour door, every month.\n\nOrder today!\n\n## Events\n\nDiscover a BBC Good Food Show near you.\n\nBook tickets now\n\n## On TV\n\nSee your favourite chefs on Sky Channel 133, BT 313 and find their recipes at\ngoodfoodchannel.co.uk\n\n## Follow us\n\nJoin the BBC Good Food community by following us on Facebook, Twitter,\nPinterest, Instagram and Google Plus.\n\nFind out more here\n\n * More recipes\n * Get in touch\n * Subscribe to the magazine\n * BBC Good Food events\n * Good Food TV channel\n\n####\n\nThis website is published by Immediate Media Company Limited under licence\nfrom BBC Studios Distribution.\n\n© Immediate Media Company Limited, 2020\n\n * Site terms\n * Privacy policy\n * Manage cookies\n * Cookies policy\n * Complaints\n * Contact us\n * Advertise with us\n\nWant to receive regular food and recipe web notifications from us?\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/weight-loss/in-depth/weight-loss/art-20048224/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417092747/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/weight-loss/in-depth/weight-loss/art-20048224/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Weight-loss goals: Set yourself up for success", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Weight-loss goals: Set yourself up for success - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.huffingtonpost.com/bustle/picky-eating-an-eating-disorder-living-with-selective-eating-disorder-and-no-vegetables_b_4986010.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180819021412/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/bustle/picky-eating-an-eating-disorder-living-with-selective-eating-disorder-and-no-vegetables_b_4986010.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Is Picky Eating an Eating Disorder? Living With Selective Eating Disorder and No Vegetables", "passages": [ "I am 26-years-old and I don't know what a carrot tastes like. I could name many more things I've never tasted, but listing what I do eat is much easier than listing what I don't. I subsist mainly on a steady rotation of cereal, pizza (cheese or pepperoni only), french fries, plain chicken, grilled cheese, and a handful of snack foods.", "I'll eat pasta, if it's sauceless (think buttered noodles). I'll eat mac and cheese -- but only if my mom, nana, or sister makes it. I eat almost any kind of dessert (except for carrot cake because, even though I've been assured time and again that you can't taste the carrots, I know they're there). Basically, I eat the way Kevin McCallister does when left to his own devices.", "My whole life, I was called a picky eater, but I was always assured that I would grow out of it. My parents had both been \"picky\" (according to my grandparents), but like most children, they had grown out of it. By their early teens, they ate like normal, well-adjusted people. As a kid, I believed that eventually, that would happen for me too.", "I thought I was a one-of-a-kind freak. That was, until last year, when a friend sent me a link to a Wall Street Journal article that perfectly described my pickiness and gave it a name: Selective Eating Disorder, also known as Adult Picky Eating.", "Doctors once thought only kids were picky eaters, and that they would grow out of it. Now, however, a taskforce studying how to categorize eating disorders for the new version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, due out in 2013, is considering recognizing for the first time a disorder to be called \"selective eating\" that could apply to adults as well as children. The DSM, a common psychiatric reference book, would currently lump picky eaters into a classification of eating disorder \"not otherwise specified,\" a catchall category for people who don't meet the criteria for a major disorder.", "Perhaps I shouldn't have been so surprised. Several times in my life, I've been approached by concerned friends who suspected I was anorexic, even though I've never been close to underweight. I couldn't blame them though; eating in public is a great source of shame for me, so I've used every excuse in the book not to do it.", "Often, when I couldn't outright avoid a meal, I would try everything I could to create the appearance of eating without actually doing it. I became an expert at shifting food on my plate to make it look like it had at least been picked at. I hid food in napkins. I accidentally-on-purpose dropped things on the floor.", "Things most people don't associate with food have always been on my mental off-limits list. As a kid, I refused invitations to sleepovers because the thought of someone's mother trying to feed me dinner or breakfast made me cringe. I had a crippling fear that other adults would force feed me against my will. And even if they wouldn't, none of my friends knew the extent of my pickiness. I didn't want to be exposed.", "I never went to summer camp because movies like The Parent Trap and It Takes Two had convinced me that the only food served at camp was the Sloppy Joe, which was in no universe something I would eat. I was also convinced that summer camps were a breeding ground for food fights, and being in a food fight was one of my worst nightmares. The idea of foods I can't eat touching my body still makes me gag. Literally.", "As a child, my parents were very understanding of my eating habits. I used to eat more foods than I eat today, according to them -- but I was young enough at the time that I have no memory of it. They say when I was a toddler, I started eliminating foods from diet, announcing without provocation that I would no longer eat things that I had eaten happily before.", "Even though my parents were beyond patient with me, there was even a period of time when they tried to bribe me to eat new foods. I had begged my mom for this cheap, plastic dish set. It looked like crystal and I'm not sure why I wanted it (I wasn't much for playing house, really). My mom bought it, but told me that I could only have it if I tried one vegetable. I mustered all of my courage and agreed to try corn. I reasoned in my head that since I ate popcorn, it was the best option.", "I don't think I swallowed one bite. As soon as it touched my lips, I started dry heaving, gasping over and over almost to the point of vomiting for what felt like at least 20 minutes (but couldn't possibly have been that long; my mom would have taken me to the hospital). I wanted desperately to eat even just one bite of the corn, but the very attempt made me physically ill. I couldn't do it.", "By high school, I had a new problem to worry about: Dating. Dates involve meals, and I don't like eating meals with people I don't know very well. When I was invited to a junior prom, my date took me to dinner before the dance, as dates tend to do. I ordered a side of french fries. At first, he thought I was trying to be thrifty, since he was picking up the tab, and encouraged me to get whatever I wanted. But that was all I wanted. I didn't try chicken until I was 20, so it was literally the only thing on the menu I ate.", "\"If you don't want to eat much, just get a salad,\" he urged. This was a common misconception about my eating in high school. Frequently, people misinterpreted my eating habits as a bizarre form of calorie counting. This always baffled me, since nothing I ate was remotely healthy. I told him I didn't like salad, which was a lie -- I didn't know if I liked it. I had never eaten it.", "Even though he eventually relented and let me awkwardly eat my plate of french fries in formal wear, my first date confirmed a lot of my fears about how food would affect my love life. I've dated plenty, and different people respond to my picky eating differently. My first serious boyfriend never seemed bothered by it in the least, but in other cases, it's been a big source of tension. It mortified one guy I dated.", "In college, I ate every meal alone for the first two years, and would be \"so busy\" anytime anyone invited me to an unfamiliar restaurant. As an adult, I dread networking events that involve food. Catered dinners and set menus are the bane of my existence.", "Only in recent years have I begun to tell people about my eating. Explaining it is a difficult and stressful ordeal, but I make a point to try to talk about it with my closer friends, since the alternative is avoiding social interaction or the even more difficult and stressful task of trying to hide it in public. For the most part, people are nice about it. Some laugh and think I'm joking at first -- and almost all have a few questions to ask about it. Everyone wants to help. It comes from such a good place that I couldn't possibly be upset by it, but it just illustrates how little people understand my situation.", "\"Oh, you have to try [insert food of choice here],\" friends say. \"You will love it if you just try it!\"", "Yeah, maybe. But it's not that simple. Sometimes it isn't a matter of taste; often it's texture or smell or just plain fear that stops me from trying a food. If it doesn't go well (which it usually doesn't), I risk embarrassing myself with a spastic session of dry heaving or actual vomiting.", "The biggest misconception about my eating disorder, however, is that it's my choice. I never get upset by people who want to help; who approach my disorder like it's simply never occurred to me to try Thai food. But I do get a little upset when I'm accused of actively choosing this lifestyle.", "There is nothing I would like more than to eat anything and everything. I would love to go to a restaurant without reading the menu online to make sure it serves something I'll eat. It would be amazing not to be the person that holds a whole group back when everyone wants Chinese food but settles for pizza so that I'll be included. It would be great to be able to accept an invitation to have dinner with a friend's family without panicking about the conversation that's guaranteed to take place when all I eat is bread. It would be incredible not to live in fear of routine blood work revealing horrible vitamin deficiencies or malnutrition.", "My eating disorder is easily the thing that I like least about myself. I've tried to change it. Friends and family have suggested everything from therapy to hypnosis to try to overcome the issue, but I've never sought professional help specifically for my eating disorder. While seeing a counselor briefly about anxiety, I mentioned the issue and earned some new insights (it's closely related to OCD), but no concrete advice on how to overcome it. At this point, I haven't heard of any effective treatments for selective eating disorder, but I am open to trying out specific treatments in the future.", "Twice in my life, I've gone through brief phases of recovery, during which I was able to try new foods. The first was when I was 20 and I added chicken to my diet, which literally changed my quality of life for the better more than any other single thing has. Last year, I tried a burger for the first and only time. Nothing was permanently added to my diet that time around. If the math holds up, I might try a carrot by the time I'm 30." ] }, "parsed_md": "Is Picky Eating an Eating Disorder? Living With Selective Eating Disorder and\nNo Vegetables | HuffPost\n\nBREAKING NEWS\n\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\nyou.\n\nEDITION\n\nTHE BLOG\n\n04/02/2014 05:26 pm ET Updated Dec 06, 2017\n\n# Is Picky Eating an Eating Disorder? Living With Selective Eating Disorder\nand No Vegetables\n\nBy Bustle\n\nBustle\n\n810\n\nThe content of this post may be sensitive to some readers.\n\nThis post originally appeared on Bustle.\n\nBy Kayleigh Roberts\n\nI am 26-years-old and I don't know what a carrot tastes like. I could name\nmany more things I've never tasted, but listing what I do eat is much easier\nthan listing what I don't. I subsist mainly on a steady rotation of cereal,\npizza (cheese or pepperoni only), french fries, plain chicken, grilled cheese,\nand a handful of snack foods.\n\nI'll eat pasta, if it's sauceless (think buttered noodles). I'll eat mac and\ncheese -- but only if my mom, nana, or sister makes it. I eat almost any kind\nof dessert (except for carrot cake because, even though I've been assured time\nand again that you can't taste the carrots, I know they're there). Basically,\nI eat the way Kevin McCallister does when left to his own devices.\n\nMy whole life, I was called a picky eater, but I was always assured that I\nwould grow out of it. My parents had both been \"picky\" (according to my\ngrandparents), but like most children, they had grown out of it. By their\nearly teens, they ate like normal, well-adjusted people. As a kid, I believed\nthat eventually, that would happen for me too.\n\nUntil it just didn't.\n\nBy the time I graduated college, I had accepted the fact that I would never be\na \"normal\" eater.\n\nI thought I was a one-of-a-kind freak. That was, until last year, when a\nfriend sent me a link to a Wall Street Journal article that perfectly\ndescribed my pickiness and gave it a name: Selective Eating Disorder, also\nknown as Adult Picky Eating.\n\n> Doctors once thought only kids were picky eaters, and that they would grow\n> out of it. Now, however, a taskforce studying how to categorize eating\n> disorders for the new version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of\n> Mental Disorders, due out in 2013, is considering recognizing for the first\n> time a disorder to be called \"selective eating\" that could apply to adults\n> as well as children. The DSM, a common psychiatric reference book, would\n> currently lump picky eaters into a classification of eating disorder \"not\n> otherwise specified,\" a catchall category for people who don't meet the\n> criteria for a major disorder.\n\nLearning that you have an eating disorder is a strange experience. It's tough,\nsometimes, to apply the label to myself since picky eating has nothing to do\nwith body image (or at least, it never has in my case). Even though I had\nalways known that my relationship with food was unhealthy, socially\nprohibitive, anxiety-inducing, and out of my control, the idea that it could\nconstitute a legitimate eating disorder had never crossed my mind. It had also\nnever crossed my mind that there were other people just like me.\n\nPerhaps I shouldn't have been so surprised. Several times in my life, I've\nbeen approached by concerned friends who suspected I was anorexic, even though\nI've never been close to underweight. I couldn't blame them though; eating in\npublic is a great source of shame for me, so I've used every excuse in the\nbook not to do it.\n\nOften, when I couldn't outright avoid a meal, I would try everything I could\nto create the appearance of eating without actually doing it. I became an\nexpert at shifting food on my plate to make it look like it had at least been\npicked at. I hid food in napkins. I accidentally-on-purpose dropped things on\nthe floor.\n\nThings most people don't associate with food have always been on my mental\noff-limits list. As a kid, I refused invitations to sleepovers because the\nthought of someone's mother trying to feed me dinner or breakfast made me\ncringe. I had a crippling fear that other adults would force feed me against\nmy will. And even if they wouldn't, none of my friends knew the extent of my\npickiness. I didn't want to be exposed.\n\nI never went to summer camp because movies like The Parent Trap and It Takes\nTwo had convinced me that the only food served at camp was the Sloppy Joe,\nwhich was in no universe something I would eat. I was also convinced that\nsummer camps were a breeding ground for food fights, and being in a food fight\nwas one of my worst nightmares. The idea of foods I can't eat touching my body\nstill makes me gag. Literally.\n\nAs a child, my parents were very understanding of my eating habits. I used to\neat more foods than I eat today, according to them -- but I was young enough\nat the time that I have no memory of it. They say when I was a toddler, I\nstarted eliminating foods from diet, announcing without provocation that I\nwould no longer eat things that I had eaten happily before.\n\nEven though my parents were beyond patient with me, there was even a period of\ntime when they tried to bribe me to eat new foods. I had begged my mom for\nthis cheap, plastic dish set. It looked like crystal and I'm not sure why I\nwanted it (I wasn't much for playing house, really). My mom bought it, but\ntold me that I could only have it if I tried one vegetable. I mustered all of\nmy courage and agreed to try corn. I reasoned in my head that since I ate\npopcorn, it was the best option.\n\nI don't think I swallowed one bite. As soon as it touched my lips, I started\ndry heaving, gasping over and over almost to the point of vomiting for what\nfelt like at least 20 minutes (but couldn't possibly have been that long; my\nmom would have taken me to the hospital). I wanted desperately to eat even\njust one bite of the corn, but the very attempt made me physically ill. I\ncouldn't do it.\n\nBy high school, I had a new problem to worry about: Dating. Dates involve\nmeals, and I don't like eating meals with people I don't know very well. When\nI was invited to a junior prom, my date took me to dinner before the dance, as\ndates tend to do. I ordered a side of french fries. At first, he thought I was\ntrying to be thrifty, since he was picking up the tab, and encouraged me to\nget whatever I wanted. But that was all I wanted. I didn't try chicken until I\nwas 20, so it was literally the only thing on the menu I ate.\n\n\"If you don't want to eat much, just get a salad,\" he urged. This was a common\nmisconception about my eating in high school. Frequently, people\nmisinterpreted my eating habits as a bizarre form of calorie counting. This\nalways baffled me, since nothing I ate was remotely healthy. I told him I\ndidn't like salad, which was a lie -- I didn't know if I liked it. I had never\neaten it.\n\nEven though he eventually relented and let me awkwardly eat my plate of french\nfries in formal wear, my first date confirmed a lot of my fears about how food\nwould affect my love life. I've dated plenty, and different people respond to\nmy picky eating differently. My first serious boyfriend never seemed bothered\nby it in the least, but in other cases, it's been a big source of tension. It\nmortified one guy I dated.\n\nIn college, I ate every meal alone for the first two years, and would be \"so\nbusy\" anytime anyone invited me to an unfamiliar restaurant. As an adult, I\ndread networking events that involve food. Catered dinners and set menus are\nthe bane of my existence.\n\nOnly in recent years have I begun to tell people about my eating. Explaining\nit is a difficult and stressful ordeal, but I make a point to try to talk\nabout it with my closer friends, since the alternative is avoiding social\ninteraction or the even more difficult and stressful task of trying to hide it\nin public. For the most part, people are nice about it. Some laugh and think\nI'm joking at first -- and almost all have a few questions to ask about it.\nEveryone wants to help. It comes from such a good place that I couldn't\npossibly be upset by it, but it just illustrates how little people understand\nmy situation.\n\n\"Oh, you have to try [insert food of choice here],\" friends say. \"You will\nlove it if you just try it!\"\n\nYeah, maybe. But it's not that simple. Sometimes it isn't a matter of taste;\noften it's texture or smell or just plain fear that stops me from trying a\nfood. If it doesn't go well (which it usually doesn't), I risk embarrassing\nmyself with a spastic session of dry heaving or actual vomiting.\n\nThe biggest misconception about my eating disorder, however, is that it's my\nchoice. I never get upset by people who want to help; who approach my disorder\nlike it's simply never occurred to me to try Thai food. But I do get a little\nupset when I'm accused of actively choosing this lifestyle.\n\nThere is nothing I would like more than to eat anything and everything. I\nwould love to go to a restaurant without reading the menu online to make sure\nit serves something I'll eat. It would be amazing not to be the person that\nholds a whole group back when everyone wants Chinese food but settles for\npizza so that I'll be included. It would be great to be able to accept an\ninvitation to have dinner with a friend's family without panicking about the\nconversation that's guaranteed to take place when all I eat is bread. It would\nbe incredible not to live in fear of routine blood work revealing horrible\nvitamin deficiencies or malnutrition.\n\nMy eating disorder is easily the thing that I like least about myself. I've\ntried to change it. Friends and family have suggested everything from therapy\nto hypnosis to try to overcome the issue, but I've never sought professional\nhelp specifically for my eating disorder. While seeing a counselor briefly\nabout anxiety, I mentioned the issue and earned some new insights (it's\nclosely related to OCD), but no concrete advice on how to overcome it. At this\npoint, I haven't heard of any effective treatments for selective eating\ndisorder, but I am open to trying out specific treatments in the future.\n\nTwice in my life, I've gone through brief phases of recovery, during which I\nwas able to try new foods. The first was when I was 20 and I added chicken to\nmy diet, which literally changed my quality of life for the better more than\nany other single thing has. Last year, I tried a burger for the first and only\ntime. Nothing was permanently added to my diet that time around. If the math\nholds up, I might try a carrot by the time I'm 30.\n\nImages: Tumblr, Tumblr, Mealtime Hostage, Tumblr\n\nIf you're struggling with an eating disorder, call the National Eating\nDisorder Association hotline at 1-800-931-2237.\n\nMore from Bustle:\n\nI Threw Away My Scale and I've Never Felt Better About My Body\n\nMy Name Is Marie, and I Love My Fat\n\nI Overcame High Heel Addiction and Learned to Love My Height\n\nDownload\n\nFollow Bustle on Twitter: www.twitter.com/Bustle\n\nBustle\n\nNews, entertainment, lifestyle site\n\n#### MORE:\n\nPicky Eaters Eating Disorders Picky Eating Selective Eating Disorder Ocd\n\nIs Picky Eating an Eating Disorder? Living With Selective Eating Disorder and\nNo Vegetables\n\n810\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * Careers\n * Archive\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n * HuffPost Press Room\n\n©2018 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nHuffPost MultiCultural/HPMG News\n\n * Australia\n * Brazil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Ελλάδα (Greece)\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * 日本 (Japan)\n * 한국 (Korea)\n * Maghreb\n * Mexico\n * Quebec\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n\n# Get breaking news alerts\n\nDownload our app\n\nGo to mobile site\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://lifehacker.com/5972108/how-to-learn-to-love-healthy-food-even-if-youre-a-picky-eater", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180613011913/https://lifehacker.com/5972108/how-to-learn-to-love-healthy-food-even-if-youre-a-picky-eater", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Learn to Love Healthy Food (Even If You're a Picky Eater)", "passages": [ "One of the most common goals many of us have (beginning of the new year or not) is to start \"eating healthy.\" That's easier said than done for those of us who don't enjoy the usual healthy foods or are simply picky eaters. Whether you have the taste palate of a toddler or are bored to tears by health food, a few simple tricks could help get started eating better.", "Health food doesn't have to make you feel deprived, and it can be really inexpensive as well as easy and quick to whip up. To make eating healthy a lasting habit, start with small, simple changes and try new ways of thinking about eating. Here are a few tips.", "One trick most parents of fussy eaters have tried is hiding veggies in other, usually sweet foods (a trick that doesn't always work, though. I still can't get over finding white fish mixed in with my rice when I was a kid). You can try a more sophisticated version of this approach by pairing foods you love with ones you want to start incorporating into your diet more: Photo by Matt Scott.", "Kale is one of those powerful superfoods that you might even like if you pair it with bacon or sausage.", "One study recently showed that topping a burger with an avocado can decrease the inflammatory effects of the red meat.", "Spreading out veggies in a dish of pasta or grains can make the taste of them less offensive. Also, instead of going with the typical tomato sauce, try a pesto or other healthy sauce.", "As mentioned when we talked about eating healthy even if you hate cooking, a smoothie can not only be quick but also nutritionally complete. You might not even taste the spinach when combined with fruits and other ingredients.", "Some people don't like healthy foods because they seem bland. To solve that problem, first buy better-quality foods (the fresher the better, which is why we like farmer's markets and CSAs). Then go ahead and spice up that dish with your favorite flavors. Besides salt and pepper, consider other meal enhancers like chili sauce, olives, sun-dried tomatoes, salsa, teriyaki sauce, peanut butter, garlic, and so on. Appreciating food like a food snob by fully breathing in the dish could also help you taste its nuances.", "Up until a few years ago, I was convinced I hated eggs. Now eggs and egg hacks are among my favorite things. The reason? I discovered there's a world beyond scrambled eggs and omelets, which were the only egg preparations I'd tried when younger. Photo by James Jordan.", "Instead of canned vegetables (mushy asparagus, yuck), try fresh or frozen. Frozen vegetables are sometimes even better than fresh ones.", "You might not like certain types of seafood (the oiliness of salmon, for example, or the brininess of oysters), but there are many others you can try, such as the more mild white fishes, including tilapia.", "Kale chips are surprisingly similar-tasting to other, less nutritious chips. (Even my daughter, who lives on chicken nuggets, eats them.)", "Some people swear a juicer has transformed their relationship with vegetables, including ones they've previously hated. You can make fresh juice with a food processor too.", "You don't have to force yourself to learn to love kale or any other nutritious food. Healthier eating might just mean increasing the portion of the healthy foods you do like. In stews and foods like shepherd's pie, for example, make the veggies a bigger ratio and the meat and carbs a lower one. The Kitchn suggests doubling the vegetables in any recipe for an easy way to start eating healthier (especially for vegetable-heavy dishes, it shouldn't affect the flavor or your enjoyment of the meals). Photo by epSos.de.", "If you want to eat less meat without giving it up completely, try meatless Monday or just one meatless lunch a week, which can challenge your creativity in a good way (though you can use the Meatless Monday website for inspiration). Another trick is to simply minimize the meat portion by skewering it, serving it on the bone, stewing it, and so on.", "As with forming all kinds of good habits, you're more likely to stay successful in your new healthy eating mindset if you start out gradually or commit to a short time first. Photo by William Warby.", "If your mouth catches fire as soon as a hot Thai dish arrives at the table, you can build up your spice tolerance to gradually solve that problem.", "Joining a CSA was a turning point in my eating and cooking habits. Previously I never ate greens a lot, but the weekly delivery of them (and eggs) forced me to not only try new veggies but also improve my cooking.", "If you don't want to join a CSA, a weekly food delivery service, like Blue Apron (in the Northeast) or Plated (nationwide), could also increase your exposure to new foods. These services deliver the ingredients and recipes for an entire meal (1-5 meals each week) so you can whip up a gourmet meal at home—and try new foods you perhaps didn't even know about before. (Blue Apron is how I discovered the incredibleness of roasted cauliflower.)", "Up the experience of the meal—by having a dinner party with friends (it helps if they eat healthy too), going to a great restaurant, or cooking with the freshest ingredients—and as you become more mindful of the food you eat, you might find yourself expanding your palate to include more of nature's good stuff. Photo by gwaar.", "Finally, keep trying without being too hard on yourself, whether you've got a limited palate or the only thing that looks good to you is steak and potatoes. Ditching a dysfunctional diet for a healthier one takes work, but it's well worth it." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Learn to Love Healthy Food (Even If You're a Picky Eater)\n\n# How to Learn to Love Healthy Food (Even If You're a Picky Eater)\n\nMelanie Pinola\n\n12/31/12 11:00am\n\nFiled to: HealthFiled to: Health\n\n * Health\n * Food\n * Cooking\n * Nutrition\n * Diet\n * Eating\n * wellness\n * Behaviors\n * Habits\n * Mind Hacks\n * Goals\n * substitutions\n * Dieting\n * Good habits\n * Lifestyle\n * changes\n * How To\n * Feature\n * Top\n\n1197\n\n * Edit\n * Send to Editors\n * Promote\n * Share to Kinja\n * Toggle Conversation tools\n * Go to permalink\n\nOne of the most common goals many of us have (beginning of the new year or\nnot) is to start \"eating healthy.\" That's easier said than done for those of\nus who don't enjoy the usual healthy foods or are simply picky eaters. Whether\nyou have the taste palate of a toddler or are bored to tears by health food, a\nfew simple tricks could help get started eating better.\n\nHealth food doesn't have to make you feel deprived, and it can be really\ninexpensive as well as easy and quick to whip up. To make eating healthy a\nlasting habit, start with small, simple changes and try new ways of thinking\nabout eating. Here are a few tips.\n\n###### Twenty Healthy Foods that Cost $1 or Less\n\nGrocery shopping hasn't been getting any cheaper lately, and the rising costs\nof fresh food in ...\n\nRead more Read\n\n### Mix What You Like with New Healthy Foods\n\nAdvertisement\n\nOne trick most parents of fussy eaters have tried is hiding veggies in other,\nusually sweet foods (a trick that doesn't always work, though. I still can't\nget over finding white fish mixed in with my rice when I was a kid). You can\ntry a more sophisticated version of this approach by pairing foods you love\nwith ones you want to start incorporating into your diet more: Photo by Matt\nScott.\n\n * Kale is one of those powerful superfoods that you might even like if you pair it with bacon or sausage.\n * Okay, everything's better with bacon. Moderate amounts of cheese can also transform a dish.\n * One study recently showed that topping a burger with an avocado can decrease the inflammatory effects of the red meat.\n * Combining broccoli with mustard might not only make the vegetable taste better, it could boost its nutritional value.\n * Spreading out veggies in a dish of pasta or grains can make the taste of them less offensive. Also, instead of going with the typical tomato sauce, try a pesto or other healthy sauce.\n * As mentioned when we talked about eating healthy even if you hate cooking, a smoothie can not only be quick but also nutritionally complete. You might not even taste the spinach when combined with fruits and other ingredients.\n * Some people don't like healthy foods because they seem bland. To solve that problem, first buy better-quality foods (the fresher the better, which is why we like farmer's markets and CSAs). Then go ahead and spice up that dish with your favorite flavors. Besides salt and pepper, consider other meal enhancers like chili sauce, olives, sun-dried tomatoes, salsa, teriyaki sauce, peanut butter, garlic, and so on. Appreciating food like a food snob by fully breathing in the dish could also help you taste its nuances.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Try Different Food Preparations or Versions\n\nUp until a few years ago, I was convinced I hated eggs. Now eggs and egg hacks\nare among my favorite things. The reason? I discovered there's a world beyond\nscrambled eggs and omelets, which were the only egg preparations I'd tried\nwhen younger. Photo by James Jordan.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n * Roasted cauliflower or broccoli (instead of steamed/boiled) is a revelation. Seriously, try it if you haven't yet.\n * Instead of canned vegetables (mushy asparagus, yuck), try fresh or frozen. Frozen vegetables are sometimes even better than fresh ones.\n * You might not like certain types of seafood (the oiliness of salmon, for example, or the brininess of oysters), but there are many others you can try, such as the more mild white fishes, including tilapia.\n * Kale chips are surprisingly similar-tasting to other, less nutritious chips. (Even my daughter, who lives on chicken nuggets, eats them.)\n * Sometimes the brand matters. Campbell's butternut squash soup tastes completely different than the one from Amy's Kitchen.\n * Some people swear a juicer has transformed their relationship with vegetables, including ones they've previously hated. You can make fresh juice with a food processor too.\n * If veggies taste too intense to you, try the baby versions (e.g., baby carrots), whose flavors haven't intensified yet.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Eat More of the Healthy Foods You Do Like (and Decrease Less Healthy Ones)\n\nYou don't have to force yourself to learn to love kale or any other nutritious\nfood. Healthier eating might just mean increasing the portion of the healthy\nfoods you do like. In stews and foods like shepherd's pie, for example, make\nthe veggies a bigger ratio and the meat and carbs a lower one. The Kitchn\nsuggests doubling the vegetables in any recipe for an easy way to start eating\nhealthier (especially for vegetable-heavy dishes, it shouldn't affect the\nflavor or your enjoyment of the meals). Photo by epSos.de.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIf you want to eat less meat without giving it up completely, try meatless\nMonday or just one meatless lunch a week, which can challenge your creativity\nin a good way (though you can use the Meatless Monday website for\ninspiration). Another trick is to simply minimize the meat portion by\nskewering it, serving it on the bone, stewing it, and so on.\n\n### Start Small\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAs with forming all kinds of good habits, you're more likely to stay\nsuccessful in your new healthy eating mindset if you start out gradually or\ncommit to a short time first. Photo by William Warby.\n\n###### What It Takes to Form a Good Habit\n\nIt's that time of year when we all start to make \"New Year's resolutions\",...\n\nRead more Read\n\nMaybe just upgrading your brown-bagged lunch will seep into the other meals\nand snacks of the day.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n###### How Can I Upgrade My Brown-Bag Lunch?\n\nDear Lifehacker, I'm trying to save money by bringing my lunch to work, but\nI'm already...\n\nRead more Read\n\nIf your mouth catches fire as soon as a hot Thai dish arrives at the table,\nyou can build up your spice tolerance to gradually solve that problem.\n\n###### Build Up Your Spice Tolerance with These Strategies\n\nIf your mouth feels like it catches fire when you taste even mildly hot foods,\ndon't worry....\n\nRead more Read\n\nAdvertisement\n\nTreating healthy foods like samples is another strategy to enjoy more foods\nand continue enjoying them.\n\n###### Treat Healthy Food Like Samples to Enjoy It More\n\nIf you've been having trouble eating healthier food because you don't enjoy\nit, you might ...\n\nRead more Read\n\n### ...Or Go All In\n\nAdvertisement\n\nJoining a CSA was a turning point in my eating and cooking habits. Previously\nI never ate greens a lot, but the weekly delivery of them (and eggs) forced me\nto not only try new veggies but also improve my cooking.\n\nIf you don't want to join a CSA, a weekly food delivery service, like Blue\nApron (in the Northeast) or Plated (nationwide), could also increase your\nexposure to new foods. These services deliver the ingredients and recipes for\nan entire meal (1-5 meals each week) so you can whip up a gourmet meal at\nhome—and try new foods you perhaps didn't even know about before. (Blue Apron\nis how I discovered the incredibleness of roasted cauliflower.)\n\n### Make the Meal Experience More Enjoyable\n\nAdvertisement\n\nUp the experience of the meal—by having a dinner party with friends (it helps\nif they eat healthy too), going to a great restaurant, or cooking with the\nfreshest ingredients—and as you become more mindful of the food you eat, you\nmight find yourself expanding your palate to include more of nature's good\nstuff. Photo by gwaar.\n\nFinally, keep trying without being too hard on yourself, whether you've got a\nlimited palate or the only thing that looks good to you is steak and potatoes.\nDitching a dysfunctional diet for a healthier one takes work, but it's well\nworth it.\n\n###### Ditch Your Dysfunctional Diet and Learn to Love Your Food\n\nDeciding to go on a diet is easy. Sticking to one is a completely different\nstory. Countless diet...\n\nRead more Read\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## You may also like\n\nDeadspin | The Concourse\n\n#### Hereditary Will Completely Fuck Up Even The Most Seasoned Horror-Movie\nWatcher\n\nChris Thompson\n\n35 minutes ago\n\nDeadspin | Adequate Man\n\n#### Never Take Your Kids To A Championship Parade\n\nDrew Magary\n\nToday 3:11pm\n\nDeadspin\n\n#### Draymond Green Has Once Again Mocked LeBron James With His Championship\nParade T-Shirt\n\nPatrick Redford\n\nToday 2:31pm\n\n## Recent from Melanie Pinola\n\n * 67\n * 33\n * 301.5K\n\n#### Top 10 Evil Ways to Use Technology\n\nMelanie Pinola\n\n10/28/16 8:00pm\n\n * 29\n * 82\n * 368.4K\n\n#### Top 10 Ways to Hack Your Grill\n\nMelanie Pinola\n\n5/27/16 11:00am\n\n * 5\n * 9\n * 37.3K\n\n#### Cook Puff Pastry in Your Waffle Iron for a Croissant-Like Treat\n\nMelanie Pinola\n\n5/14/16 3:00pm\n\nShareTweet\n\nKinja is in read-only mode. We are working to restore service.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.nbcnews.com:80/id/40357712/ns/health-diet_and_nutrition/t/grown-eat-kid-you-may-have-selective-eating-disorder", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200128120451/http://www.nbcnews.com:80/id/40357712/ns/health-diet_and_nutrition/t/grown-eat-kid-you-may-have-selective-eating-disorder", "parsed_text": { "title": "Adult picky eaters may actually have a disorder - Health - Diet and nutrition", "passages": [ "Rates of women who are opting for preventive mastectomies, such as Angeline Jolie, have increased by an estimated 50 percent in recent years, experts say. But many doctors are puzzled because the operation doesn't carry a 100 percent guarantee, it's major surgery -- and women have other options, from a once-a- day pill to careful monitoring.", "2. Larry Page's damaged vocal cords: Treatment comes with trade-offs\n3. Report questioning salt guidelines riles heart experts\n4. CDC: 2012 was deadliest year for West Nile in US\n5. What stresses moms most? Themselves, survey says\nKrause likes peanut butter, crackers, grilled cheese sandwiches, chocolate milk and little else. More adventurous meals look like \"a plate of barf,\" he told LiveScience.", "\"If I could snap my fingers and change, I would,\" he said, explaining his pickiness helped ruin two marriages, limited his career options and makes most social occasions sources of stress.", "Researchers think Krause could be one of thousands suffering from a previously unrecognized illness: selective eating disorder, more commonly known as very picky eating. Instead of having a couple foods they'd rather avoid, the way most of us do, people with selective eating disorder feel there are very few foods they are even capable of eating.", "2. Creative Thinkers More Likely to Cheat\n3. How Morning Snacking Could Damage Your Diet\n4. 'UFOs' Disrupting Search for 'God Particle'\n5. 'Perfect' Celebrity Photos to Get Reality Check\n\"People who are picky aren't doing this just to be stubborn,\" said eating researcher Nancy Zucker of Duke University, explaining that extremely picky eaters experience food differently than the rest of us.", "Zucker, who is also the director of the Duke Center for Eating Disorders, first became interested in selective eating, because adult picky eaters were walking in, looking for help. Their eating behavior was getting in the way of their job or social life, or they were worried about being bad role models for their kids, she said. [How to Handle Kids' Picky Eating]", "How many adult picky eaters are there? Most people with this disorder are highly embarrassed by their limited food repertoire and will go to great lengths to keep it hidden, either by avoiding social events that involve food or drinks (which ones don't?), or by making up excuses to avoid eating, such as fibbing about an upset belly.", "To get a sense of the problem's prevalence, in July 2010, Zucker and her colleagues put up an online registry, including a lengthy survey, for picky eaters. The initial response overwhelmed expectations: In less than five months, 7,500 people have fully registered. (More than 11,000 have started the survey without completing it.)", "The researchers plan to do a formal analysis of the survey data early next year, but preliminary results suggest that selective eating disorder is separate and distinct from other disorders, Zucker said. The survey was carefully constructed to rule out conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder or anorexia and bulimia, for example.", "Rates of women who are opting for preventive mastectomies, such as Angeline Jolie, have increased by an estimated 50 percent in recent years, experts say. But many doctors are puzzled because the operation doesn't carry a 100 percent guarantee, it's major surgery -- and women have other options, from a once-a- day pill to careful monitoring.", "2. Larry Page's damaged vocal cords: Treatment comes with trade-offs\n3. Report questioning salt guidelines riles heart experts\n4. CDC: 2012 was deadliest year for West Nile in US\n5. What stresses moms most? Themselves, survey says\nBland, processed foods are favorites Whether extreme pickiness has its roots in a person's biology or psychology is not yet clear. But there seem to be some common themes, suggesting either or both, among people like Krause.", "Selective eaters tend to like similar foods, with an emphasis on the bland and processed. They love salt. French fries are a favorite. Bacon is the only meat many of them will eat. Fruit, vegetables and alcohol are snubbed for the most part — with light beerand raw carrots being possible exceptions.", "Could they be supertasters? That is, people who, because of their genetic makeup, taste certain flavors more acutely than average tasters?", "Maybe, Zucker told LiveScience, but that isn't enough to explain the selectivity. After all, strong tastes aren't necessarily bad tastes and many supertasters are not finicky eaters. And Zucker's research suggests picky eaters reject foods based on sensory qualities other than taste: They don't like the look or smell of certain (most) foods.", "Grown-up picky eaters also tend to have early negative associations with food, Zucker said. Many report having had severe acid reflux as a baby or childhood gastrointestinal issues, for example.", "Preventing permanent pickiness Kids are at greater risk of becoming picky adults \"anytime the food environment is coercive or tense,\" Zucker said.", "He is overweight, constantly flushed, trying to accomplish a superhuman feat – and may be using cookies to deal with the stress.", "2. Party? Or workout? Find your fitness motivation\n3. Wasted and warm? Booze a boneheaded cure for chills\n4. Holiday food baskets may give gift of botulism\n5. What's a parent to do with a little Santa-phobe?\nFamily meals should be fun, she said. They are not a time to argue, reprimand about grades, or harass about eating habits.", "And dining together needs to happen regularly, she stressed, so kids can watch others enjoying a variety of foods and be exposed to different smells — even if they don't eat much themselves.", "Registered dietician, author and family therapist Ellyn Satter agrees. Even if selective eating disorder has a biological component, Satter told LiveScience, it's a parent's job to help children learn eating habits that will serve them well as adults. [10 Controversial Psychiatric Disorders]", "\"Everyone has got something and everyone has to learn to cope. And children need to learn to deal with their predilections,\" Satter said. Otherwise, it can become a life-long problem, where they are embarrassed to eat in public, she cautioned.", "Krause, however, thinks there is nothing his parents could have done to help him. And, as much as he would love a cure, he is pessimistic. He runs an online support group for picky eaters and among its 1,700 active members, he has heard only one success story: A selective eater was able to expand her food repertoire enough to find something to eat at most restaurants.", "Instead, Zucker focuses on helping picky eatersovercome their embarrassment and feel entitled to their own preferences. The most important component, she said, is teaching friends and family members \"the person is not doing this to be willful and bratty.\"", "Only in this supportive context may a picky eater feel safe enough to try something new — but there is no guarantee they will like it.", "1. Probiotics can prevent dangerous diarrhea\n2. People think they're eating less than they are\n3. Report questioning salt guidelines riles heart experts\n4. Chris Christie's weight-loss procedure doesn't always work\n5. Caffeinated gum raises health buzz\nHeadlines from AOL That's Fit" ] }, "parsed_md": "Adult picky eaters may actually have a disorder - Health - Diet and nutrition\n| NBC News\n\nJump to story headline\n\n * MSN\n * Outlook\n * More\n\n * Autos\n * My MSN\n * Video\n * Careers & Jobs\n * Personals\n * Weather\n * Delish\n * Quotes\n * White Pages\n * Games\n * Real Estate\n * Wonderwall\n * Horoscopes\n * Shopping\n * Yellow Pages\n * Local Edition\n * Traffic\n * Feedback\n * Maps & Directions\n * Travel\n * Full MSN Index\n * Bing\n\n * NBCNews.com sites & shows:\n * TODAY\n * Nightly News\n * Meet the Press\n * Dateline\n * Morning Joe\n * Hardball\n * Ed\n * Maddow\n * The Last Word\n * msnbc\n\n * Home\n * US\n * World\n * Politics\n * Business\n * Sports\n * Entertainment\n * Health\n * Tech\n * Science\n * Travel\n * Local\n * Weather\n\nDiet and nutrition on NBCNews.com\n\nAdvertise\n\n# Grown up but eat like a kid? You may have 'selective eating disorder'\n\n## Those with the condition prefer salty, bland foods\n\n#### Below:\n\n 1. * x\n\n###### Jump to discuss comments below\n\n * discuss\n 2. * x\n\n###### Next story in Diet and nutrition NYT: Seat belts strong enough for\nheavy fliers?\n\n * related\n\nAdvertise\n\nBy Robin Nixon\n\nupdated 11/28/2010 11:26:13 AM ET 2010-11-28T16:26:13\n\n * Print\n * Font:\n * +\n * -\n\nHe's 63 years old, but Bob Krause admits he still eats \"a 4-year-old's dream\ndiet.\"\n\n 1. Don't miss these Health stories\n\n 1. Splash News\n\nMore women opting for preventive mastectomy - but should they be?\n\nRates of women who are opting for preventive mastectomies, such as Angeline\nJolie, have increased by an estimated 50 percent in recent years, experts say.\nBut many doctors are puzzled because the operation doesn't carry a 100 percent\nguarantee, it's major surgery -- and women have other options, from a once-a-\nday pill to careful monitoring.\n\n 2. Larry Page's damaged vocal cords: Treatment comes with trade-offs\n 3. Report questioning salt guidelines riles heart experts\n 4. CDC: 2012 was deadliest year for West Nile in US\n 5. What stresses moms most? Themselves, survey says\n\nKrause likes peanut butter, crackers, grilled cheese sandwiches, chocolate\nmilk and little else. More adventurous meals look like \"a plate of barf,\" he\ntold LiveScience.\n\n\"If I could snap my fingers and change, I would,\" he said, explaining his\npickiness helped ruin two marriages, limited his career options and makes most\nsocial occasions sources of stress.\n\nResearchers think Krause could be one of thousands suffering from a previously\nunrecognized illness: selective eating disorder, more commonly known as very\npicky eating. Instead of having a couple foods they'd rather avoid, the way\nmost of us do, people with selective eating disorder feel there are very few\nfoods they are even capable of eating.\n\n 1. 1. Snow-vember Surprise: Why Deep South Is Seeing Frosty Weather\n 2. Creative Thinkers More Likely to Cheat\n 3. How Morning Snacking Could Damage Your Diet\n 4. 'UFOs' Disrupting Search for 'God Particle'\n 5. 'Perfect' Celebrity Photos to Get Reality Check\n\n\"People who are picky aren't doing this just to be stubborn,\" said eating\nresearcher Nancy Zucker of Duke University, explaining that extremely picky\neaters experience food differently than the rest of us.\n\nZucker, who is also the director of the Duke Center for Eating Disorders,\nfirst became interested in selective eating, because adult picky eaters were\nwalking in, looking for help. Their eating behavior was getting in the way of\ntheir job or social life, or they were worried about being bad role models for\ntheir kids, she said. [How to Handle Kids' Picky Eating]\n\nHow many adult picky eaters are there? Most people with this disorder are\nhighly embarrassed by their limited food repertoire and will go to great\nlengths to keep it hidden, either by avoiding social events that involve food\nor drinks (which ones don't?), or by making up excuses to avoid eating, such\nas fibbing about an upset belly.\n\nAdvertise\n\nAdvertise\n\nAdvertise\n\nTo get a sense of the problem's prevalence, in July 2010, Zucker and her\ncolleagues put up an online registry, including a lengthy survey, for picky\neaters. The initial response overwhelmed expectations: In less than five\nmonths, 7,500 people have fully registered. (More than 11,000 have started the\nsurvey without completing it.)\n\nThe researchers plan to do a formal analysis of the survey data early next\nyear, but preliminary results suggest that selective eating disorder is\nseparate and distinct from other disorders, Zucker said. The survey was\ncarefully constructed to rule out conditions such as obsessive-compulsive\ndisorder or anorexia and bulimia, for example.\n\n 1. Don't miss these Health stories\n\n 1. Splash News\n\nMore women opting for preventive mastectomy - but should they be?\n\nRates of women who are opting for preventive mastectomies, such as Angeline\nJolie, have increased by an estimated 50 percent in recent years, experts say.\nBut many doctors are puzzled because the operation doesn't carry a 100 percent\nguarantee, it's major surgery -- and women have other options, from a once-a-\nday pill to careful monitoring.\n\n 2. Larry Page's damaged vocal cords: Treatment comes with trade-offs\n 3. Report questioning salt guidelines riles heart experts\n 4. CDC: 2012 was deadliest year for West Nile in US\n 5. What stresses moms most? Themselves, survey says\n\nBland, processed foods are favorites Whether extreme pickiness has its roots\nin a person's biology or psychology is not yet clear. But there seem to be\nsome common themes, suggesting either or both, among people like Krause.\n\nSelective eaters tend to like similar foods, with an emphasis on the bland and\nprocessed. They love salt. French fries are a favorite. Bacon is the only meat\nmany of them will eat. Fruit, vegetables and alcohol are snubbed for the most\npart — with light beerand raw carrots being possible exceptions.\n\nCould they be supertasters? That is, people who, because of their genetic\nmakeup, taste certain flavors more acutely than average tasters?\n\nBody Odd: Being a supertaster is no piece of cake\n\nMaybe, Zucker told LiveScience, but that isn't enough to explain the\nselectivity. After all, strong tastes aren't necessarily bad tastes and many\nsupertasters are not finicky eaters. And Zucker's research suggests picky\neaters reject foods based on sensory qualities other than taste: They don't\nlike the look or smell of certain (most) foods.\n\n\"Most foods do not look like food to my brain,\" Krause explained.\n\nGrown-up picky eaters also tend to have early negative associations with food,\nZucker said. Many report having had severe acid reflux as a baby or childhood\ngastrointestinal issues, for example.\n\nUnpleasant associations may also be learned at the dinner table, she said.\n\nPreventing permanent pickiness Kids are at greater risk of becoming picky\nadults \"anytime the food environment is coercive or tense,\" Zucker said.\n\n 1. 1. Getty Images/Tetra images RF\n\nIs Santa sick? A doctor gives St. Nick a checkup\n\nHe is overweight, constantly flushed, trying to accomplish a superhuman feat –\nand may be using cookies to deal with the stress.\n\n 2. Party? Or workout? Find your fitness motivation\n 3. Wasted and warm? Booze a boneheaded cure for chills\n 4. Holiday food baskets may give gift of botulism\n 5. What's a parent to do with a little Santa-phobe?\n\nFamily meals should be fun, she said. They are not a time to argue, reprimand\nabout grades, or harass about eating habits.\n\nAdvertise\n\nAdvertise\n\nAdvertise\n\nAnd dining together needs to happen regularly, she stressed, so kids can watch\nothers enjoying a variety of foods and be exposed to different smells — even\nif they don't eat much themselves.\n\nRegistered dietician, author and family therapist Ellyn Satter agrees. Even if\nselective eating disorder has a biological component, Satter told LiveScience,\nit's a parent's job to help children learn eating habits that will serve them\nwell as adults. [10 Controversial Psychiatric Disorders]\n\n\"Everyone has got something and everyone has to learn to cope. And children\nneed to learn to deal with their predilections,\" Satter said. Otherwise, it\ncan become a life-long problem, where they are embarrassed to eat in public,\nshe cautioned.\n\nKrause, however, thinks there is nothing his parents could have done to help\nhim. And, as much as he would love a cure, he is pessimistic. He runs an\nonline support group for picky eaters and among its 1,700 active members, he\nhas heard only one success story: A selective eater was able to expand her\nfood repertoire enough to find something to eat at most restaurants.\n\nEven Zucker, who is actively treating selective eaters, admits, \"We don't know\nyet how much they can be pushed.\"\n\nInstead, Zucker focuses on helping picky eatersovercome their embarrassment\nand feel entitled to their own preferences. The most important component, she\nsaid, is teaching friends and family members \"the person is not doing this to\nbe willful and bratty.\"\n\nOnly in this supportive context may a picky eater feel safe enough to try\nsomething new — but there is no guarantee they will like it.\n\n\"We don't all have the same experience when we eat,\" Zucker said.\n\n7 Diet Tricks That Really Work\n\n10 Healthy Foods Gone Bad\n\n7 Biggest Diet Myths\n\n© 2012 LiveScience.com. All rights reserved.\n\nShow more text\n\n### Discuss:\n\nDiscussion comments\n\n“ ”\n\nExpand Collapse\n\n,\n\nReply\n\nAdvertise\n\nAdvertise\n\nAdvertise\n\nView all comments\n\nLeave your comment\n\nYou\n\nMost active discussions\n\n 1. votes comments\n\n 2. votes comments\n\n 3. votes comments\n\n 4. votes comments\n\nShow discussion\n\n### Related: Diet and nutrition\n\nAdvertise\n\n 1. Diet and nutrition\n\n 1. Probiotics can prevent dangerous diarrhea\n 2. People think they're eating less than they are\n 3. Report questioning salt guidelines riles heart experts\n 4. Chris Christie's weight-loss procedure doesn't always work\n 5. Caffeinated gum raises health buzz\n 2. Headlines from AOL That's Fit\n\n 1. Some Good News? Are Americans Cutting Back on Sugar Intake?\n 2. I Ditched Dieting -- And So Should You\n 3. Kate Bosworth's Fit Routine\n 4. Should We Fear Our Genetics?\n 5. What Nutritionists Order When Eating Out\n 3. Related videos & slideshows\n\n 1. Video\n\nChoosing Your Cooking Oils\n\n 2. Video\n\nWalking Out On Working Out\n\n 3. Video\n\nAvoid Scoring Extra Calories With Super Bowl Snacks\n\n 4. Video\n\nVegan Butcher Offers 'Meatless Meats'\n\n### Most popular on msnbc.com\n\n#### Categories\n\n * All\n * US & World\n * Politics\n * Business\n * Sports\n * Entertainment\n * Health\n * Tech & science\n * Travel\n\nMost popularTrending| Views \n---|--- \nLoading popular content ... \nPopular stories currently unavailable \n \n#### Top videos\n\n 1. Popular videos currently unavailable\n\n * NBCNews.com sites & shows:\n * TODAY\n * Nightly News\n * Meet the Press\n * Dateline\n * Morning Joe\n * Hardball\n * Ed\n * Maddow\n * The Last Word\n * msnbc\n\n * © 2020 NBCNews.com\n * About us\n * Help\n * Careers\n * Contact\n * Alerts\n * Feeds\n * Podcasts\n * Apps\n * Widgets\n * Stock data\n * Privacy policy\n * Terms & conditions\n * About our ads\n * AdChoices\n * Site map\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://health.usnews.com/best-diet/dash-diet", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416055130/https://health.usnews.com/best-diet/dash-diet", "parsed_text": { "title": "What is the DASH Diet? A Detailed Beginner's Guide", "passages": [ "The DASH Diet, which stands for dietary approaches to stop hypertension, is promoted by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute to do exactly that: stop (or prevent) hypertension, aka high blood pressure. It emphasizes the foods you've always been told to eat (fruits, veggies, whole grains, lean protein and low-fat dairy), which are high in blood pressure-deflating nutrients like potassium, calcium, protein and fiber. DASH also discourages foods that are high in saturated fat, such as fatty meats, full-fat dairy foods and tropical oils, as well as sugar-sweetened beverages and sweets. Following DASH also means capping sodium at 2,300 milligrams a day, which followers will eventually lower to about 1,500 milligrams. DASH Diet is balanced and can be followed long term, which is a key reason nutrition experts rank it as U.S. News’ Best Overall Diet, tied with the Mediterranean Diet.", "DASH Diet ranked #2 in Best Diets Overall. 39 diets were evaluated with input from a panel of health experts. See how we rank diets here.", "Starting DASH doesn’t mean making drastic changes overnight. Instead, begin by making whatever small changes seem most manageable to you. For example:", "For more guidance, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute publishes free guides on the plan, including one (PDF here) that’s 20 pages and one (PDF here) that’s six. They’ll help you determine how many calories you should eat for your age and activity level, tell you where those calories should come from and remind you to go easy on salt.", "Combine eggs, chives and reduced fat cheddar cheese into a quick breakfast that can provide you with a foundation for the day. You may also consider adding veggies, such as spinach or asparagus.", "Combine eggs, chives and reduced fat cheddar cheese into a quick breakfast that can provide you with a foundation for the day. You may also consider adding veggies, such as spinach or asparagus.", "The DASH Diet can be on the expensive side, since fresh fruits, veggies and whole-grain products are generally pricier than the processed, fatty, sugary foods most Americans consume.", "You’ll likely lose weight on the DASH Diet, provided you follow the rules, and especially if you design your plan with a calorie deficit.", "While it may be difficult to give up your favorite fatty, sugary and salty fare, DASH doesn't restrict entire food groups, upping your chances of sticking with it long term. (However, in the more than 20 years since DASH was first released, studies have consistently found low adherence among the general population, to the concern of public health experts.)", "Following DASH is pretty convenient. Recipe options are boundless, and the NHLBI offers tips on following the dietary approach, including reducing sodium when dining out or cooking at home. What’s more, for those who wish to have a little more flexibility, it’s possible to substitute some protein or unsaturated fat for a portion of daily carbs – 10% of those – and still realize heart health benefits from DASH, according to research.", "It’s easy to find DASH Diet recipes. The NHLBI offers more than 180 heart- healthy recipes in its online database. Otherwise, lots of reputable organizations, like the Mayo Clinic, provide long lists of DASH-friendly recipes.", "Eating out is possible on the DASH Diet, but proceed with caution. Restaurant meals are notoriously salty, oversized and fatty, so you’ll need to be conscientious if you dine out. NHLBI suggests avoiding salt by shunning pickled, cured or smoked items; limiting condiments; choosing fruits or vegetables instead of soup; and requesting the chef find other ways to season your meal. You can also drink alcohol moderately on the DASH Diet.", "DASH can be time-consuming. You’ll need to plan your meals, shop for them and prepare them. Exercise is important, too.", "DASH Diet resources are easily accessible. NHLBI's PDF guide serves up a week of DASH meal plans, offers tips on reading nutrition labels, lists the sodium and potassium content of various foods and provides exercise ideas.", "You don’t have to worry too much about going hungry on DASH. Nutrition experts stress the importance of satiety, the satisfied feeling that you've had enough. DASH emphasizes lean protein and fiber-filled fruits and veggies, which should keep you feeling full, even if you've reduced your calorie level slightly to support weight loss.", "If you love salt, you’ll probably struggle to enjoy DASH at first. Your taste buds should eventually adjust, though, to the low-salt diet. Avoid blandness by getting friendly with herbs and spices.", "To get started, try a 15-minute walk around the block each morning and night, and then slowly ratchet up intensity and duration if you can. Just find activities you like (jazzercise, swimming, gardening), set goals and stick to them." ] }, "parsed_md": "What is the DASH Diet? A Detailed Beginner's Guide | U.S. News Best Diets\n\n# DASH Diet\n\n * #2\n\nin Best Diets Overall\n\nOverall Score 4.1/5\n\n## What is DASH Diet?\n\nThis diet has been reviewed by U.S. News' team of expert panelists. Learn more\n\nThe DASH Diet, which stands for dietary approaches to stop hypertension, is\npromoted by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute to do exactly that:\nstop (or prevent) hypertension, aka high blood pressure. It emphasizes the\nfoods you've always been told to eat (fruits, veggies, whole grains, lean\nprotein and low-fat dairy), which are high in blood pressure-deflating\nnutrients like potassium, calcium, protein and fiber. DASH also discourages\nfoods that are high in saturated fat, such as fatty meats, full-fat dairy\nfoods and tropical oils, as well as sugar-sweetened beverages and sweets.\nFollowing DASH also means capping sodium at 2,300 milligrams a day, which\nfollowers will eventually lower to about 1,500 milligrams. DASH Diet is\nbalanced and can be followed long term, which is a key reason nutrition\nexperts rank it as U.S. News’ Best Overall Diet, tied with the Mediterranean\nDiet.\n\n### Balanced Diet\n\nThese diets fall within accepted ranges for the amount of protein, carbs, fat\nand other nutrients they provide.\n\n### Pros & Cons\n\n * Heart healthy\n\n * Nutritionally sound\n\n * Lots of grunt work\n\n * Somewhat pricey\n\n## U.S. News Best Diet Rankings\n\nDASH Diet ranked #2 in Best Diets Overall. 39 diets were evaluated with input\nfrom a panel of health experts. See how we rank diets here.\n\n### DASH Diet is ranked:\n\n * #2\n\nin Best Diets Overall (tie)\n\n * #24\n\nin Best Fast Weight-Loss Diets (tie)\n\n * #9\n\nin Best Weight-Loss Diets (tie)\n\n * #1\n\nin Best Heart-Healthy Diets (tie)\n\n * #3\n\nin Best Diabetes Diets (tie)\n\n * #1\n\nin Best Diets for Healthy Eating (tie)\n\n * #5\n\nin Easiest Diets to Follow (tie)\n\n4.1/5\n\n### Scorecard\n\n * 3.0/5Short-Term Weight Loss\n\n * 3.4/5Long-Term Weight Loss\n\n * 3.3/5Easy to Follow\n\n * 4.8/5Healthy\n\nScores are based on experts' reviews.\n\n## How does DASH Diet work?\n\n##### Do's & Don'ts\n\nDo: Serve up lean poultry and fish in moderation.\n\nLearn More »\n\nStarting DASH doesn’t mean making drastic changes overnight. Instead, begin by\nmaking whatever small changes seem most manageable to you. For example:\n\n * Add one vegetable or fruit serving to every meal.\n * Introduce two or more meat-free meals each week.\n * Use herbs and spices to make food tastier without the salt.\n * Snack on almonds or pecans instead of a bag of chips.\n * Switch white flour to whole-wheat flour when possible.\n * Take a 15-minute walk after lunch or dinner (or both).\n\nFor more guidance, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute publishes\nfree guides on the plan, including one (PDF here) that’s 20 pages and one (PDF\nhere) that’s six. They’ll help you determine how many calories you should eat\nfor your age and activity level, tell you where those calories should come\nfrom and remind you to go easy on salt.\n\n## What can I eat?\n\n1 of 12\n\n2 of 12\n\n##### Easy omelet\n\nCombine eggs, chives and reduced fat cheddar cheese into a quick breakfast\nthat can provide you with a foundation for the day. You may also consider\nadding veggies, such as spinach or asparagus.\n\nCombine eggs, chives and reduced fat cheddar cheese into a quick breakfast\nthat can provide you with a foundation for the day. You may also consider\nadding veggies, such as spinach or asparagus.\n\n(Getty Images)\n\nShow All\n\n## How much does DASH Diet cost?\n\nThe DASH Diet can be on the expensive side, since fresh fruits, veggies and\nwhole-grain products are generally pricier than the processed, fatty, sugary\nfoods most Americans consume.\n\n## Will DASH Diet help you lose weight?\n\nYou’ll likely lose weight on the DASH Diet, provided you follow the rules, and\nespecially if you design your plan with a calorie deficit.\n\n## How easy is DASH Diet to follow?\n\nThe DASH Diet is ranked\n\n#5 in Easiest Diets to Follow (tie)\n\nSee how other diets ranked\n\nWhile it may be difficult to give up your favorite fatty, sugary and salty\nfare, DASH doesn't restrict entire food groups, upping your chances of\nsticking with it long term. (However, in the more than 20 years since DASH was\nfirst released, studies have consistently found low adherence among the\ngeneral population, to the concern of public health experts.)\n\nFollowing DASH is pretty convenient. Recipe options are boundless, and the\nNHLBI offers tips on following the dietary approach, including reducing sodium\nwhen dining out or cooking at home. What’s more, for those who wish to have a\nlittle more flexibility, it’s possible to substitute some protein or\nunsaturated fat for a portion of daily carbs – 10% of those – and still\nrealize heart health benefits from DASH, according to research.\n\nIt’s easy to find DASH Diet recipes. The NHLBI offers more than 180 heart-\nhealthy recipes in its online database. Otherwise, lots of reputable\norganizations, like the Mayo Clinic, provide long lists of DASH-friendly\nrecipes.\n\nEating out is possible on the DASH Diet, but proceed with caution. Restaurant\nmeals are notoriously salty, oversized and fatty, so you’ll need to be\nconscientious if you dine out. NHLBI suggests avoiding salt by shunning\npickled, cured or smoked items; limiting condiments; choosing fruits or\nvegetables instead of soup; and requesting the chef find other ways to season\nyour meal. You can also drink alcohol moderately on the DASH Diet.\n\nDASH can be time-consuming. You’ll need to plan your meals, shop for them and\nprepare them. Exercise is important, too.\n\nDASH Diet resources are easily accessible. NHLBI's PDF guide serves up a week\nof DASH meal plans, offers tips on reading nutrition labels, lists the sodium\nand potassium content of various foods and provides exercise ideas.\n\nYou don’t have to worry too much about going hungry on DASH. Nutrition experts\nstress the importance of satiety, the satisfied feeling that you've had\nenough. DASH emphasizes lean protein and fiber-filled fruits and veggies,\nwhich should keep you feeling full, even if you've reduced your calorie level\nslightly to support weight loss.\n\nIf you love salt, you’ll probably struggle to enjoy DASH at first. Your taste\nbuds should eventually adjust, though, to the low-salt diet. Avoid blandness\nby getting friendly with herbs and spices.\n\n## How much should you exercise on DASH Diet?\n\nExercise is recommended on the DASH Diet, especially if you want to lose\nweight.\n\nTo get started, try a 15-minute walk around the block each morning and night,\nand then slowly ratchet up intensity and duration if you can. Just find\nactivities you like (jazzercise, swimming, gardening), set goals and stick to\nthem.\n\n## Want to learn more about the DASH Diet?\n\nFood\n\nVideo: What Is the DASH Diet?\n\nPatient Advice\n\nFoods for High Blood Pressure\n\nConditions\n\nPrediabetes: How to Prevent It\n\nFood\n\nDr. Oz's 21-Day Weight Loss Diet\n\nPrevious: Expert Reviews\n\nNext: Health & Nutrition\n\n## Best Diets Overall\n\nMediterranean Diet\n\n#1 in Best Diets Overall\n\nDASH Diet\n\n#2 in Best Diets Overall (tie)\n\nThe Flexitarian Diet\n\n#2 in Best Diets Overall (tie)\n\nWW (Weight Watchers) Diet\n\n#4 in Best Diets Overall\n\nMayo Clinic Diet\n\n#5 in Best Diets Overall (tie)\n\nMIND Diet\n\n#5 in Best Diets Overall (tie)\n\nTLC Diet\n\n#5 in Best Diets Overall (tie)\n\nVolumetrics Diet\n\n#5 in Best Diets Overall (tie)\n\nsee the full rankings list\n\n## Popular Diets\n\nAtkins Diet\n\nDASH Diet\n\nHMR Program\n\nKeto Diet\n\nMayo Clinic Diet\n\nMediterranean Diet\n\nNoom\n\nPaleo Diet\n\nWW (Weight Watchers) Diet\n\nhealth disclaimer »\n\nDisclaimer and a note about your health »\n\nHospitals\n\nFind a Hospital\n\nBest Hospitals\n\nBest Children's Hospitals\n\nAdvice for Hospital Patients\n\nAdvice for Health Professionals\n\nHow We Rank\n\nDoctors\n\nFind a Doctor\n\nPrimary Care Physicians\n\nPediatricians\n\nHow to Choose a Doctor\n\nPreparing for a Doctor Visit\n\nDoctors Data and Methodology\n\nDentists\n\nFind a Dentist\n\nOrthodontists\n\nHow to Choose the Right Dentist\n\nSenior Care\n\nAdvice for Caregivers\n\nPaying for Care Advice\n\nNursing Homes\n\nFind a Nursing Home\n\nAssisted Living\n\nFind an Assisted Living Community\n\nWellness\n\nFood\n\nFitness\n\nMind\n\nDiets\n\nBest Diets Overall\n\nBest Weight-Loss Diets\n\nBest Commercial Diet Plans\n\nHealth Insurance\n\nFind Plans by State\n\nMedicare Plans\n\nChoosing a Health Plan\n\nConditions\n\nOver the Counter Drugs\n\nBreast Cancer\n\nLung Cancer\n\nDepression\n\nADHD\n\nDiabetes\n\nHeart Disease\n\nHospitals\n\nDoctors\n\nDentists\n\nSenior Care\n\nNursing Homes\n\nAssisted Living\n\nWellness\n\nDiets\n\nHealth Insurance\n\nConditions\n\nAbout U.S. News\n\nEditorial Guidelines\n\nContact\n\nPress\n\nAdvertise\n\nNewsletters\n\nJobs\n\nSite Map\n\nStore\n\nCopyright 2021 © U.S. News & World Report L.P.Terms & Conditions/Privacy\nPolicy/California Privacy Notice/California Do Not Sell My Personal\nInformation Request\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://health.usnews.com/health-news/health-wellness/articles/2014/03/10/what-to-expect-from-a-dietitian", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210410001022/https://health.usnews.com/health-news/health-wellness/articles/2014/03/10/what-to-expect-from-a-dietitian", "parsed_text": { "title": "What to Expect From a Dietitian", "passages": [ "That midnight love affair with Cherry Garcia. The pre-diabetes wake-up call from your doctor. The murky advice you keep reading about gluten and omega-3 fatty acids and salt. These are issues that a registered dietitian can help you address. An RD can take your longing to eat right and make it happen, typically by creating a nutrition plan specifically for you and your lifestyle, concerns and challenges. Here's how to find the right professional for you, and how to make the most of your appointments:", "Where do you start? Browse the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics website, which lists registered dietitians by location, or chat with your physician, who can refer you to a nutrition expert. In most cases, he or she will send you to a registered dietitian, especially if there's a medical component, like if you need to change your diet in accordance with a new diabetes diagnosis. You'll likely be sent to an RD if you're simply trying to eat better, too, although these visits will be less likely covered by insurance. (Note that an RD may also be called an RDN – an optional title given to RDs that stands for registered dietitian nutritionist.)", "Whoever your doctor sends you to, be sure to do some background research. Say you want to see a professional who simply helps you eat better, lose weight or prevent diseases (or all three). Do some online digging, or call the dietitian's office, and see if this RD has experience with this wellness-type care. And if you're going to see a professional for diet adjustments needed for medical reasons like Celiac disease, make sure the RD is specialized in that kind of care. \"Traditionally, dietitians have helped patients with new diagnoses that require adjustments to their diets,\" says Roxanne Sukol, a preventive medicine specialist for the Cleveland Clinic Wellness Institute, \"But now we're seeing a whole new role for dietitians in preventing those chronic diseases out of hand, and frankly, not every dietitian is trained to do that.\"", "Teresa Fung, a nutrition professor at Simmons College and adjunct professor at the Harvard School of Public Health, both in Boston, points out that no one is specialized in everything. There will be certain people who have worked in certain specialties longer and have gained more insight,\" she says. \"For example, I wouldn't go to a pediatric dietitian to ask about my grandmother's issues.\"", "A quick word about registered dietitians versus nutritionists: RD is a nationally recognized credential, which is earned after years of education and training. \"A nutritionist is anybody who is interested in nutrition,\" Sukol says. \"There are probably some excellent people out there who call themselves nutritionists, but in general, I think it's smarter to go with someone who is educated and trained to do this work.\"", "I made my appointment. How will I know if this RD will be a good fit? Expect your RD to take an \"individualized approach,\" rather than launch right into facts, figures and advice, says Lawrence Cheskin, founder and director of the Johns Hopkins Weight Management Center in Baltimore. \"They find out what you normally eat, what you think is bad that you eat, what you think is good that you eat, whether you have good health habits otherwise [and] whether you have regular medical care,\" says Cheskin, who is also a U.S. News Best Diets expert panelist. The nutrition expert you see should also ask about any health problems you're aware of or perhaps unaware of. For example, if during your talk, you describe symptoms, such as gastrointestinal issues or shortness of breath, a good RD will send you to a physician.", "Fung, who is also an RD, adds that you can gauge whether your RD will be a good fit by asking some of the same questions you'd use when looking for a physician. Ask about his or her experience. How convenient is it to schedule appointments? Are there long wait times? Is this person accessible via email or phone?", "How can I make the most of appointments? Don't expect to play a passive role in the relationship with your RD. Leading up to your first appointment, Fung suggests logging what you eat and drink for a few days, instead of sharing, \"I guess I eat salads sometimes.\" Also, do some soul-searching, and identify what exactly you want from eating better – whether it's to lose weight, have more energy, live longer or prevent diabetes. And try to think about what's stopping you from achieving these goals.", "Have faith in your RD, and be patient, Fung says. When Fung was a practicing RD who saw patients, her first set of recommendations were just a starting point, she says, and she would continually tweak the guidelines based on which changes worked and which didn't. \"Changing a diet is guaranteed to be unsuccessful if they try to change all the things at once,\" she says. \"It's not something where you go in once, get a bunch of ideas and then are done. It's going to be a gradual process, and you have to be patient.\"", "These eating plans are very different – but a combination of the two may be a healthy way to control weight.", "It tastes similar to coffee, but includes a variety of medicinal mushrooms with a long list of health benefits and adaptogenic properties." ] }, "parsed_md": "What to Expect From a Dietitian | Wellness | US News\n\n# What to Expect From a Dietitian\n\n## Choose the best registered dietitian for you, and make the most of\nappointments.\n\nBy Laura McMullen, Staff Writer March 10, 2014\n\nBy Laura McMullen, Staff Writer March 10, 2014, at 10:44 a.m.\n\nMore\n\nWhat to Expect From a Dietitian\n\nMore\n\nThat midnight love affair with Cherry Garcia. The pre-diabetes wake-up call\nfrom your doctor. The murky advice you keep reading about gluten and omega-3\nfatty acids and salt. These are issues that a registered dietitian can help\nyou address. An RD can take your longing to eat right and make it happen,\ntypically by creating a nutrition plan specifically for you and your\nlifestyle, concerns and challenges. Here's how to find the right professional\nfor you, and how to make the most of your appointments:\n\nWhere do you start? Browse the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics website,\nwhich lists registered dietitians by location, or chat with your physician,\nwho can refer you to a nutrition expert. In most cases, he or she will send\nyou to a registered dietitian, especially if there's a medical component, like\nif you need to change your diet in accordance with a new diabetes diagnosis.\nYou'll likely be sent to an RD if you're simply trying to eat better, too,\nalthough these visits will be less likely covered by insurance. (Note that an\nRD may also be called an RDN – an optional title given to RDs that stands for\nregistered dietitian nutritionist.)\n\nWhoever your doctor sends you to, be sure to do some background research. Say\nyou want to see a professional who simply helps you eat better, lose weight or\nprevent diseases (or all three). Do some online digging, or call the\ndietitian's office, and see if this RD has experience with this wellness-type\ncare. And if you're going to see a professional for diet adjustments needed\nfor medical reasons like Celiac disease, make sure the RD is specialized in\nthat kind of care. \"Traditionally, dietitians have helped patients with new\ndiagnoses that require adjustments to their diets,\" says Roxanne Sukol, a\npreventive medicine specialist for the Cleveland Clinic Wellness Institute,\n\"But now we're seeing a whole new role for dietitians in preventing those\nchronic diseases out of hand, and frankly, not every dietitian is trained to\ndo that.\"\n\n[Read: Gluten-Free Diet Overview.]\n\nTeresa Fung, a nutrition professor at Simmons College and adjunct professor at\nthe Harvard School of Public Health, both in Boston, points out that no one is\nspecialized in everything. There will be certain people who have worked in\ncertain specialties longer and have gained more insight,\" she says. \"For\nexample, I wouldn't go to a pediatric dietitian to ask about my grandmother's\nissues.\"\n\nA quick word about registered dietitians versus nutritionists: RD is a\nnationally recognized credential, which is earned after years of education and\ntraining. \"A nutritionist is anybody who is interested in nutrition,\" Sukol\nsays. \"There are probably some excellent people out there who call themselves\nnutritionists, but in general, I think it's smarter to go with someone who is\neducated and trained to do this work.\"\n\nI made my appointment. How will I know if this RD will be a good fit? Expect\nyour RD to take an \"individualized approach,\" rather than launch right into\nfacts, figures and advice, says Lawrence Cheskin, founder and director of the\nJohns Hopkins Weight Management Center in Baltimore. \"They find out what you\nnormally eat, what you think is bad that you eat, what you think is good that\nyou eat, whether you have good health habits otherwise [and] whether you have\nregular medical care,\" says Cheskin, who is also a U.S. News Best Diets expert\npanelist. The nutrition expert you see should also ask about any health\nproblems you're aware of or perhaps unaware of. For example, if during your\ntalk, you describe symptoms, such as gastrointestinal issues or shortness of\nbreath, a good RD will send you to a physician.\n\n[See: U.S. News Best Diets.]\n\nFung, who is also an RD, adds that you can gauge whether your RD will be a\ngood fit by asking some of the same questions you'd use when looking for a\nphysician. Ask about his or her experience. How convenient is it to schedule\nappointments? Are there long wait times? Is this person accessible via email\nor phone?\n\nHow can I make the most of appointments? Don't expect to play a passive role\nin the relationship with your RD. Leading up to your first appointment, Fung\nsuggests logging what you eat and drink for a few days, instead of sharing, \"I\nguess I eat salads sometimes.\" Also, do some soul-searching, and identify what\nexactly you want from eating better – whether it's to lose weight, have more\nenergy, live longer or prevent diabetes. And try to think about what's\nstopping you from achieving these goals.\n\nHave faith in your RD, and be patient, Fung says. When Fung was a practicing\nRD who saw patients, her first set of recommendations were just a starting\npoint, she says, and she would continually tweak the guidelines based on which\nchanges worked and which didn't. \"Changing a diet is guaranteed to be\nunsuccessful if they try to change all the things at once,\" she says. \"It's\nnot something where you go in once, get a bunch of ideas and then are done.\nIt's going to be a gradual process, and you have to be patient.\"\n\nTags: diets, diet and nutrition, doctors, health, men's health, women's\nhealth, diseases\n\n#### Most Popular\n\nEat + Run\n\nWhat Is Mushroom Coffee?\n\nConditions\n\nWorst Cancer-Causing Foods\n\nFitness\n\nOpenFit vs. iFit\n\nEat + Run\n\nCandida Overgrowth?\n\nFood\n\nSurprising Signs of Gluten Intolerance\n\nhealth disclaimer »\n\nDisclaimer and a note about your health »\n\n### Your Health\n\nA guide to COVID-19 and wellness from the health team at U.S. News & World\nReport.\n\n## You May Also Like\n\n### The Best Supplements to Build Muscle\n\nWhat are muscle-building supplements? Experts share what they are and if they\nreally work.\n\nDavid LevineApril 8, 2021\n\n### Vitamin D Benefits\n\nVitamin D can improve your mood, lower the risk of a heart attack and help\nwith asthma management.\n\nRuben CastanedaApril 8, 2021\n\n### Top Foods for Thyroid Health\n\nA doctor recommends these five dietary changes to help optimize your thyroid\nhealth.\n\nDeena Adimoolam, M.D.April 8, 2021\n\n### Foam Roller vs. Theragun: Which Is Best?\n\nBoth are physical therapy tools that help sore and tired muscles recover, but\nthey do so in different ways.\n\nDavid LevineApril 6, 2021\n\n### What Is the Pritikin Diet?\n\nThis very low-fat diet has been around since the 1970s and was designed to\nprevent or reverse heart disease.\n\nElaine K. HowleyApril 5, 2021\n\n### Outdoor Exercise Health Benefits\n\nPerforming a workout outside yields benefits beyond what you would experience\nby completing that same workout indoors.\n\nCedric X. Bryant, PhD, FACSMApril 5, 2021\n\n### How to Ease Wrist Pain\n\nPlus, what might be causing your wrist pain in the first place.\n\nK. Aleisha Fetters, MS, CSCSApril 2, 2021\n\n### Keto Diet vs. Plant-Based Diets\n\nThese eating plans are very different – but a combination of the two may be a\nhealthy way to control weight.\n\nDavid LevineApril 1, 2021\n\n### Can a Low-Carb, Low-Fat Diet Work?\n\nIt's possible to combine low-fat and low-carb diets, if you plan ahead and\nwork with a dietitian.\n\nRuben CastanedaApril 1, 2021\n\n### What Is Mushroom Coffee?\n\nIt tastes similar to coffee, but includes a variety of medicinal mushrooms\nwith a long list of health benefits and adaptogenic properties.\n\nKeri Gans, MS, RDN, CDNApril 1, 2021\n\nHospitals\n\nFind a Hospital\n\nBest Hospitals\n\nBest Children's Hospitals\n\nAdvice for Hospital Patients\n\nAdvice for Health Professionals\n\nHow We Rank\n\nDoctors\n\nFind a Doctor\n\nPrimary Care Physicians\n\nPediatricians\n\nHow to Choose a Doctor\n\nPreparing for a Doctor Visit\n\nDoctors Data and Methodology\n\nDentists\n\nFind a Dentist\n\nOrthodontists\n\nHow to Choose the Right Dentist\n\nSenior Care\n\nAdvice for Caregivers\n\nPaying for Care Advice\n\nNursing Homes\n\nFind a Nursing Home\n\nAssisted Living\n\nFind an Assisted Living Community\n\nWellness\n\nFood\n\nFitness\n\nMind\n\nDiets\n\nBest Diets Overall\n\nBest Weight-Loss Diets\n\nBest Commercial Diet Plans\n\nHealth Insurance\n\nFind Plans by State\n\nMedicare Plans\n\nChoosing a Health Plan\n\nConditions\n\nOver the Counter Drugs\n\nBreast Cancer\n\nLung Cancer\n\nDepression\n\nADHD\n\nDiabetes\n\nHeart Disease\n\nHospitals\n\nDoctors\n\nDentists\n\nSenior Care\n\nNursing Homes\n\nAssisted Living\n\nWellness\n\nDiets\n\nHealth Insurance\n\nConditions\n\nAbout U.S. News\n\nEditorial Guidelines\n\nContact\n\nPress\n\nAdvertise\n\nNewsletters\n\nJobs\n\nSite Map\n\nStore\n\nCopyright 2021 © U.S. News & World Report L.P.Terms & Conditions/Privacy\nPolicy/California Privacy Notice/California Do Not Sell My Personal\nInformation Request\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2002/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Energy-Carbohydrate-Fiber-Fat-Fatty-Acids-Cholesterol-Protein-and-Amino-Acids.aspx", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200510125929/https://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2002/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Energy-Carbohydrate-Fiber-Fat-Fatty-Acids-Cholesterol-Protein-and-Amino-Acids.aspx", "parsed_text": { "title": "", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/why-are-you-picky-eater-blame-genes-brains-and-breast-milk-180953456/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506133054/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/why-are-you-picky-eater-blame-genes-brains-and-breast-milk-180953456/?no-ist", "parsed_text": { "title": "Why Are You a Picky Eater? Blame Genes, Brains and Breast Milk", "passages": [ "It's not a family gathering without some good-natured squabbles, and chances are picky eating will be the root of a few this holiday season. While children are more likely to turn up their noses at certain foods, they usually grow out of such fussiness. But some adults are picky eaters too, displaying convoluted food preferences beyond allergies or other dietary restrictions.", "It's long been known that environment and experience play major roles in shaping an individual's tastes. But science also tells us that many people are genetically predisposed to be picky long before they confront their first plate of Brussels sprouts. There are also neurological and psychological factors at play. Today the complicated science behind picky eating is giving experts plenty of food for thought.", "In many cases, mom and dad have only themselves to blame for unwittingly passing on the genes that can govern finicky tastes. Studies show that genes play a major role in determining who becomes a picky eater, including recent research on a group of 4- to 7-year-old twins. Part of the pickiness can be attributed to specific genes that govern taste. Variants of the TAS2R38 gene, for example, have been found to encode for taste receptors that determine how strongly someone tastes bitter flavors.", "Researchers at Philadelphia's Monell Chemical Senses Center, a scientific institute dedicated to the study of smell and taste, have found that this same gene also predicts the strength of sweet-tooth cravings among children. Kids who were more sensitive to bitterness preferred sugary foods and drinks. However, adults with the bitter receptor genes remained picky about bitter foods but did not prefer more sweets, the Monell study found. This suggests that sometimes age and experience can override genetics.", "Scientists have also discovered genes that affect sweet and savory receptors and are working to better understand how they operate. This type of targeted genetic work raises the possibility that someday pills or even condiments could be invented that can temporarily \"turn off\" taste restrictions like bitter sensitivity, helping some picky eaters enjoy foods that they currently despise.", "Food is among a human's most basic needs—so why on Earth would people evolve to reject it so regularly? One possibility is that being picky is a defense mechanism to help keep people alive.", "Omnivores exploit a wide variety of foods, which means they are less likely to starve than species dependent on only a few resources. However, this culinary style also comes with a disadvantage—those who try many different types of new foods run a higher risk of being poisoned. \"If you're a caveman and you're two or three years old, it's not a great thing to be running around and eating berries off all the different trees,\" says Marcia Pelchat of the Monell Center. \"It might be a good idea to be a little bit worried about trying new foods.\" That would explain why children often warm up to certain foods with repeated exposure—or why a bout with food poisoning might turn someone off the offending meal.", "Modern food neophobia, though, presents some challenges to this theory. \"During research back in the 1980s, we discovered that people are more reluctant to try new foods of animal origin than those of plant origin,\" Pelchat says. \"That's ironic in two ways. As far as taste is concerned, the range of flavors in animal meat isn't that large compared to plants, so there isn't as much of a difference. And, of course, people are much more likely to be poisoned by eating plants than by animals, as long as the meat is properly cooked.\"", "Human tastes are also strongly influenced by environment and experience. Some research has shown that this process may even begin in the womb with exposure to different flavors via amniotic fluid and continues after birth via breast milk. Repeated exposure to foods like broccoli, for example, at these stages makes children more likely to accept them later. Even at later ages, repeated positive experiences can make certain foods more palatable, especially when combined with peer or social influences.", "\"The idea is, hey, I tried something new and it was actually good. Maybe new things aren't as scary as I thought,\" Pelchat says. Still, part of the reason our tastes change as we age may be physiological, like variations in the amount of proteins produced by genes related to how we taste or smell. Take the steroid androstenone, found in both human sweat and the extremely pricy delicacy known as the truffle. While nearly all young children can smell androstenone, about 25 percent of adults cannot. And some adults, including Pelchat herself, were able to smell it again after repeated exposures. \"It suggests that there is a gene there, some functional receptor, that’s being turned on and off,\" she says.", "It's also possible that reward mechanisms in our brain can drive changes in taste. Pelchat's team once had test subjects sample tiny bits of unfamiliar food with no substantial nutritional value, and accompanied them with pills that contained either nothing or a potent cocktail of caloric sugar and fat. Subjects had no idea what was in the pills they swallowed. They learned to like the unfamiliar flavors more quickly when they were paired with a big caloric impact—suggesting that body and brain combined can alter tastes more easily when unappetizing foods deliver big benefits.", "While picky eating has been around as long as children and vegetables, it has only recently been recognized as a clinical disorder. The American Psychiatric Association's DSM-V, the handbook most commonly used for psychiatric diagnoses, lists Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder as a new diagnostic category. But like other psychiatric disorders, picky eating isn't generally recognized medically until it becomes a big problem. \"If somebody only eats ten different foods but they are perfectly happy and healthy, they wouldn't fit the diagnosis I don't think,\" Pelchat says.", "In more extreme cases the impacts of this disorder can be serious. People with ARFID may lack the nutrition and calories needed to grow properly as children or maintain a healthy weight as adults. ARFID can also negatively impact social skills, work or school performance, relationships, and self-esteem. Picky eating may also be associated with other psychiatric disorders or conditions, though scientists are just beginning to explore such links in depth. Pelchat noted that numerous studies, including one she authored, have identified a relationship between picky eating and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).", "\"People with OCD might be especially contamination-sensitive,\" she theorizes. \"You can see how that might morph into suspicion about unfamiliar foods or make them unwilling to go to restaurants, for example, because they are worried about cleanliness.\" Studies also show that children on the autism spectrum are more likely to be picky or restrictive eaters. This can have practical impacts, because if they don't eat a variety of foods and practice swallowing and chewing different types during critical periods of development, it can be much more difficult for an autistic person to learn these food manipulation skills later in life.", "It also appears that picky eaters are more likely to be depressed, though the reason behind the link isn't entirely clear. \"Depression is generally associated with loss of appetite,\" Pelchat says. \"It's also possible that being picky may in some way make you more likely to be depressed because of the social impacts and isolation, such as the inability to go to restaurants or share meals with friends and family.\"", "Not all tongues and taste buds are created equal—you may be a supertaster and not even know it. Yale University's Linda Bartoshuk coined this term for people, perhaps one in every four, whose tongues send a far stronger than normal taste signal to their brains. The long held-theory is that supertasters have genes that bestowed them with an extraordinary numbers of taste buds, although a recent crowdsourcing study challenged this notion.", "Super-sensitive taste may sound like a culinary dream—the more flavor the better! But those extra taste buds often cause supertasters to avoid strong or flavorful foods and drinks like rich desserts, greasy ribs, coffee and spicy peppers because they are simply overpowering. Supertasters tend to crave neither fats nor sugars, and they especially avoid the bitter molecules found in some vegetables, like broccoli and turnips. Those with supercharged taste buds tend to be thinner and have better cholesterol profiles than the rest of us precisely because they don't feel the urge to eat many delicious but not- so-healthy foods as often or in large quantities. On the other hand, these people may be at higher risk for cancers because they skimp on veggies.", "Taste is about much more than the tongue. Smell is intimately involved in the experience, the better to help the human animal find and eat the victuals necessary for survival. Visual appearance and texture play major roles in what we perceive as \"tasting\" food.", "But for a select group of people with the neurological condition synesthesia, taste and other senses are actually blended together. For some synesthetes, smells also appear as colors and three-dimensional textures or shapes. Others experience colors, shapes, sounds and even words as flavors that they \"taste.\" Such people graze a smorgasbord of \"eating\" experiences even when there is no food in sight. Magnetic-resonance imaging shows that taste regions of their brains light up when experiencing words or other stimuli, and after a day of experiencing this kind of taste they may be less interested in actual food.", "Studies are just beginning to unravel how the brain tastes words or sound in synesthetes. And while only a few people are impacted directly by this type of synesthesia, studying it could reveal the complex workings of brain pathways and functions that also exist in other people but normally function at a much lower level.", "It won't be news to families with cats or other finicky pets that other animals have evolved to be picky eaters. The rat is one surprising example. This ubiquitous animal exists around the world and is commonly thought to eat whatever trash may present itself. The truth is that rats tend to be more discriminating as a matter of survival, because they are unable to vomit.", "During the 1950s John Garcia ran rat experiments that showed the animals would avoid sugar—something nearly all animals love—when consumption was paired with a radiation stimulus that made the rats feel sick. The study helped to show how rats pick tentatively at new foods to defend against poisoning, waiting to ensure that they don't become sick before adapting to eating something regularly.", "Scientists have also seen picky eating among predators, including birds like zebra finches or European blackbirds, and among fish like the three-spined stickleback. In a Cardiff University study, these fish showed that color impacts their appetite, with some individuals rejecting their favorite plankton-like prey when scientists used dye to turn a familiar meal a different hue. But other individual fish readily gobbled up their prey despite the new color, showing that fish, like people, can range from picky to prodigious eaters." ] }, "parsed_md": "Why Are You a Picky Eater? Blame Genes, Brains and Breast Milk | Science |\nSmithsonian Magazine\n\nToggle\n\nShare Search\n\nSUBSCRIBE (Left)\n\nRENEW (Left)\n\nGIVE A GIFT (Left)\n\nSmithsonian Magazine\n\nSubscribe (Mobile)\n\nSmithsonian Magazine\n\nSearch\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\n# Why Are You a Picky Eater? Blame Genes, Brains and Breast Milk\n\n## The complicated science behind picky eating is giving experts plenty of\nfood for thought\n\nProbably not a picky eater. (William Perlman/Star Ledger/Corbis)\n\nBy Brian Handwerk\n\nsmithsonianmag.com November 25, 2014\n\nIt's not a family gathering without some good-natured squabbles, and chances\nare picky eating will be the root of a few this holiday season. While children\nare more likely to turn up their noses at certain foods, they usually grow out\nof such fussiness. But some adults are picky eaters too, displaying convoluted\nfood preferences beyond allergies or other dietary restrictions.\n\n### Related Content\n\n * Food Tasting Too Healthy? Just Add Scent\n * Why Do Humans Have Allergies? Parasite Infections May Be the Trigger\n * Seven of the Most Extreme Milks in the Animal Kingdom\n * Winning Really Does Taste Sweet, Because Emotions Change Taste Perception\n * Young Picky Eaters May Be More Anxious and Depressed\n * Big African Animals Are Pickier Eaters Than We Imagined\n * The Science of Why Toothpaste Makes Food Taste Funny\n * Can a Picky Eater Change Her Ways?\n\nIt's long been known that environment and experience play major roles in\nshaping an individual's tastes. But science also tells us that many people are\ngenetically predisposed to be picky long before they confront their first\nplate of Brussels sprouts. There are also neurological and psychological\nfactors at play. Today the complicated science behind picky eating is giving\nexperts plenty of food for thought.\n\nIs Picky Eating in Our Genes?\n\nIn many cases, mom and dad have only themselves to blame for unwittingly\npassing on the genes that can govern finicky tastes. Studies show that genes\nplay a major role in determining who becomes a picky eater, including recent\nresearch on a group of 4- to 7-year-old twins. Part of the pickiness can be\nattributed to specific genes that govern taste. Variants of the TAS2R38 gene,\nfor example, have been found to encode for taste receptors that determine how\nstrongly someone tastes bitter flavors.\n\nResearchers at Philadelphia's Monell Chemical Senses Center, a scientific\ninstitute dedicated to the study of smell and taste, have found that this same\ngene also predicts the strength of sweet-tooth cravings among children. Kids\nwho were more sensitive to bitterness preferred sugary foods and drinks.\nHowever, adults with the bitter receptor genes remained picky about bitter\nfoods but did not prefer more sweets, the Monell study found. This suggests\nthat sometimes age and experience can override genetics.\n\nScientists have also discovered genes that affect sweet and savory receptors\nand are working to better understand how they operate. This type of targeted\ngenetic work raises the possibility that someday pills or even condiments\ncould be invented that can temporarily \"turn off\" taste restrictions like\nbitter sensitivity, helping some picky eaters enjoy foods that they currently\ndespise.\n\nWhy Did Picky Eating Evolve in People?\n\nFood is among a human's most basic needs—so why on Earth would people evolve\nto reject it so regularly? One possibility is that being picky is a defense\nmechanism to help keep people alive.\n\nOmnivores exploit a wide variety of foods, which means they are less likely to\nstarve than species dependent on only a few resources. However, this culinary\nstyle also comes with a disadvantage—those who try many different types of new\nfoods run a higher risk of being poisoned. \"If you're a caveman and you're two\nor three years old, it's not a great thing to be running around and eating\nberries off all the different trees,\" says Marcia Pelchat of the Monell\nCenter. \"It might be a good idea to be a little bit worried about trying new\nfoods.\" That would explain why children often warm up to certain foods with\nrepeated exposure—or why a bout with food poisoning might turn someone off the\noffending meal.\n\nModern food neophobia, though, presents some challenges to this theory.\n\"During research back in the 1980s, we discovered that people are more\nreluctant to try new foods of animal origin than those of plant origin,\"\nPelchat says. \"That's ironic in two ways. As far as taste is concerned, the\nrange of flavors in animal meat isn't that large compared to plants, so there\nisn't as much of a difference. And, of course, people are much more likely to\nbe poisoned by eating plants than by animals, as long as the meat is properly\ncooked.\"\n\nMmm, smells like sweat. (Lisa Romerein/Corbis)\n\nCan We Train Our Taste Buds?\n\nHuman tastes are also strongly influenced by environment and experience. Some\nresearch has shown that this process may even begin in the womb with exposure\nto different flavors via amniotic fluid and continues after birth via breast\nmilk. Repeated exposure to foods like broccoli, for example, at these stages\nmakes children more likely to accept them later. Even at later ages, repeated\npositive experiences can make certain foods more palatable, especially when\ncombined with peer or social influences.\n\n\"The idea is, hey, I tried something new and it was actually good. Maybe new\nthings aren't as scary as I thought,\" Pelchat says. Still, part of the reason\nour tastes change as we age may be physiological, like variations in the\namount of proteins produced by genes related to how we taste or smell. Take\nthe steroid androstenone, found in both human sweat and the extremely pricy\ndelicacy known as the truffle. While nearly all young children can smell\nandrostenone, about 25 percent of adults cannot. And some adults, including\nPelchat herself, were able to smell it again after repeated exposures. \"It\nsuggests that there is a gene there, some functional receptor, that’s being\nturned on and off,\" she says.\n\nIt's also possible that reward mechanisms in our brain can drive changes in\ntaste. Pelchat's team once had test subjects sample tiny bits of unfamiliar\nfood with no substantial nutritional value, and accompanied them with pills\nthat contained either nothing or a potent cocktail of caloric sugar and fat.\nSubjects had no idea what was in the pills they swallowed. They learned to\nlike the unfamiliar flavors more quickly when they were paired with a big\ncaloric impact—suggesting that body and brain combined can alter tastes more\neasily when unappetizing foods deliver big benefits.\n\nIs Picky Eating a Disorder?\n\nWhile picky eating has been around as long as children and vegetables, it has\nonly recently been recognized as a clinical disorder. The American Psychiatric\nAssociation's DSM-V, the handbook most commonly used for psychiatric\ndiagnoses, lists Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder as a new diagnostic\ncategory. But like other psychiatric disorders, picky eating isn't generally\nrecognized medically until it becomes a big problem. \"If somebody only eats\nten different foods but they are perfectly happy and healthy, they wouldn't\nfit the diagnosis I don't think,\" Pelchat says.\n\nIn more extreme cases the impacts of this disorder can be serious. People with\nARFID may lack the nutrition and calories needed to grow properly as children\nor maintain a healthy weight as adults. ARFID can also negatively impact\nsocial skills, work or school performance, relationships, and self-esteem.\nPicky eating may also be associated with other psychiatric disorders or\nconditions, though scientists are just beginning to explore such links in\ndepth. Pelchat noted that numerous studies, including one she authored, have\nidentified a relationship between picky eating and Obsessive Compulsive\nDisorder (OCD).\n\n\"People with OCD might be especially contamination-sensitive,\" she theorizes.\n\"You can see how that might morph into suspicion about unfamiliar foods or\nmake them unwilling to go to restaurants, for example, because they are\nworried about cleanliness.\" Studies also show that children on the autism\nspectrum are more likely to be picky or restrictive eaters. This can have\npractical impacts, because if they don't eat a variety of foods and practice\nswallowing and chewing different types during critical periods of development,\nit can be much more difficult for an autistic person to learn these food\nmanipulation skills later in life.\n\nIt also appears that picky eaters are more likely to be depressed, though the\nreason behind the link isn't entirely clear. \"Depression is generally\nassociated with loss of appetite,\" Pelchat says. \"It's also possible that\nbeing picky may in some way make you more likely to be depressed because of\nthe social impacts and isolation, such as the inability to go to restaurants\nor share meals with friends and family.\"\n\nAre You a Supertaster?\n\nNot all tongues and taste buds are created equal—you may be a supertaster and\nnot even know it. Yale University's Linda Bartoshuk coined this term for\npeople, perhaps one in every four, whose tongues send a far stronger than\nnormal taste signal to their brains. The long held-theory is that supertasters\nhave genes that bestowed them with an extraordinary numbers of taste buds,\nalthough a recent crowdsourcing study challenged this notion.\n\nSuper-sensitive taste may sound like a culinary dream—the more flavor the\nbetter! But those extra taste buds often cause supertasters to avoid strong or\nflavorful foods and drinks like rich desserts, greasy ribs, coffee and spicy\npeppers because they are simply overpowering. Supertasters tend to crave\nneither fats nor sugars, and they especially avoid the bitter molecules found\nin some vegetables, like broccoli and turnips. Those with supercharged taste\nbuds tend to be thinner and have better cholesterol profiles than the rest of\nus precisely because they don't feel the urge to eat many delicious but not-\nso-healthy foods as often or in large quantities. On the other hand, these\npeople may be at higher risk for cancers because they skimp on veggies.\n\n\"Tasting the Rainbow\"\n\nTaste is about much more than the tongue. Smell is intimately involved in the\nexperience, the better to help the human animal find and eat the victuals\nnecessary for survival. Visual appearance and texture play major roles in what\nwe perceive as \"tasting\" food.\n\nBut for a select group of people with the neurological condition synesthesia,\ntaste and other senses are actually blended together. For some synesthetes,\nsmells also appear as colors and three-dimensional textures or shapes. Others\nexperience colors, shapes, sounds and even words as flavors that they \"taste.\"\nSuch people graze a smorgasbord of \"eating\" experiences even when there is no\nfood in sight. Magnetic-resonance imaging shows that taste regions of their\nbrains light up when experiencing words or other stimuli, and after a day of\nexperiencing this kind of taste they may be less interested in actual food.\n\nStudies are just beginning to unravel how the brain tastes words or sound in\nsynesthetes. And while only a few people are impacted directly by this type of\nsynesthesia, studying it could reveal the complex workings of brain pathways\nand functions that also exist in other people but normally function at a much\nlower level.\n\nHumans Aren't the Only Picky Species\n\nIt won't be news to families with cats or other finicky pets that other\nanimals have evolved to be picky eaters. The rat is one surprising example.\nThis ubiquitous animal exists around the world and is commonly thought to eat\nwhatever trash may present itself. The truth is that rats tend to be more\ndiscriminating as a matter of survival, because they are unable to vomit.\n\nDuring the 1950s John Garcia ran rat experiments that showed the animals would\navoid sugar—something nearly all animals love—when consumption was paired with\na radiation stimulus that made the rats feel sick. The study helped to show\nhow rats pick tentatively at new foods to defend against poisoning, waiting to\nensure that they don't become sick before adapting to eating something\nregularly.\n\nScientists have also seen picky eating among predators, including birds like\nzebra finches or European blackbirds, and among fish like the three-spined\nstickleback. In a Cardiff University study, these fish showed that color\nimpacts their appetite, with some individuals rejecting their favorite\nplankton-like prey when scientists used dye to turn a familiar meal a\ndifferent hue. But other individual fish readily gobbled up their prey despite\nthe new color, showing that fish, like people, can range from picky to\nprodigious eaters.\n\nLike this article? SIGN UP for our newsletter\n\n###### About Brian Handwerk\n\nBrian Handwerk is a freelance writer based in Amherst, New Hampshire.\n\nRead more from this author\n\n##### Tags\n\n#### Recommended Videos\n\n## Comment on this Story\n\ncomments powered by Disqus\n\n#### Photo of the day\n\nOne Breath for Three Photo of the Day»\n\n#### Most Popular\n\n 1. The Story of the 'Wanderer' Slave Ship\n 2. 3,000-Year-Old Submerged Settlement Discovered in Switzerland\n 3. Spot the Difference\n 4. How Common Are Your Covid-19 Vaccine Side Effects?\n 5. What Were Medieval Britain's Cancer Rates?\n 6. 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Daily Word Search\n\n###### Current Issue | May 2021\n\n * An Exclusive Look at James Turrell's Visionary Artwork in the Arizona Desert\n * An Epic Monarch Migration Faces New Threats\n * The New Science of Motherhood\n\nView Table of Contents\n\nSmithsonian Magazine\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://spoonuniversity.com:80/how-to/how-to-meal-prep-if-you-ve-never-done-it-before", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170816113758/http://spoonuniversity.com:80/how-to/how-to-meal-prep-if-you-ve-never-done-it-before", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Meal Prep If You've Never Done it Before", "passages": [ "Let's face it, we've all been guilty of stress-eating. But have no fear, I'll be able to teach you how to meal prep in no time.", "What exactly is meal prepping? Essentially, you prepare meals all at once at the start of the week, or each night in preparation for the next day's breakfast, lunch, or dinner. Meal prep takes a bit of time at first, but it saves a lot of time throughout the week. Plus, it's usually geared towards healthier options. This way, you really do kill two birds with one stone.", "First things first, let's start with the basics. What goes inside the container is important, but the container you use is equally important. A few things to keep in mind are durability, microwave oven use, reasonable size, and of course BPA free. Also make sure it is leak proof and air-tight—you don't want soup leaking all over your lecture notes.", "It can be a little overwhelming to make something that can last a whole week, so this step is crucial. Knowing the meals you want to make in advance will help you know what to get when going grocery shopping. Make sure the meals are recipes you know you're capable of doing before making them in bulk portions.", "Now it's time to get some preparation done. Preparing your meals can be fun and rewarding. Try to include a variation so that you won't be tempted to chow down on something else that you might regret later. To make meals more interesting, change the protein. Switch it up by using chicken instead of beans, or even the types of seasoning can make a big difference.", "#SpoonTip: Your carbohydrates (such as rice or pasta) should also be cooked in advance, that way you can combine them with different ingredients all week.", "A good idea is to buy containers of the same size so storing them in the fridge will be a piece of cake (there's no need to play a game of Tetris). As for the actual food, store three days worth of food in the fridge and freeze the rest.", "Any university student with or without a tight schedule can benefit in learning the essence of how to meal prep, which happens through trial and error. You'll get the hang of it!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Meal Prep If You've Never Done it Before\n\n### Healthier\n\n### Community\n\nfacebook snapchat twitter instagram pinterest youtube\n\nfacebook twitter pinterest Shares\n\nTiare Brown\n\nHow To\n\n# How to Meal Prep If You've Never Done it Before\n\n## There's more to life than instant, fast food.\n\n## Glecy Malunes\n\nUniversity of Ottawa\n\nMarch 27, 2017\n\nfacebook twitter pinterest Shares\n\nGet more Spoon in your feed.\n\nBy adding your email you agree to get updates about Spoon University Healthier\n\nLet's face it, we've all been guilty of stress-eating. But have no fear, I'll\nbe able to teach you how to meal prep in no time.\n\nWhat exactly is meal prepping? Essentially, you prepare meals all at once at\nthe start of the week, or each night in preparation for the next day's\nbreakfast, lunch, or dinner. Meal prep takes a bit of time at first, but it\nsaves a lot of time throughout the week. Plus, it's usually geared towards\nhealthier options. This way, you really do kill two birds with one stone.\n\nMeal Preparation 101, let's go!\n\n## 1\\. Pick a good quality container\n\nTiare Brown\n\nFirst things first, let's start with the basics. What goes inside the\ncontainer is important, but the container you use is equally important. A few\nthings to keep in mind are durability, microwave oven use, reasonable size,\nand of course BPA free. Also make sure it is leak proof and air-tight—you\ndon't want soup leaking all over your lecture notes.\n\n## 2\\. Plan your meals\n\nSasha Kran\n\nIt can be a little overwhelming to make something that can last a whole week,\nso this step is crucial. Knowing the meals you want to make in advance will\nhelp you know what to get when going grocery shopping. Make sure the meals are\nrecipes you know you're capable of doing before making them in bulk portions.\n\n## 3\\. Preparing/Cooking time\n\nJackie Kuczynski\n\nNow it's time to get some preparation done. Preparing your meals can be fun\nand rewarding. Try to include a variation so that you won't be tempted to chow\ndown on something else that you might regret later. To make meals more\ninteresting, change the protein. Switch it up by using chicken instead of\nbeans, or even the types of seasoning can make a big difference.\n\n#SpoonTip: Your carbohydrates (such as rice or pasta) should also be cooked in\nadvance, that way you can combine them with different ingredients all week.\n\n## 4\\. Storage\n\nArden Sarner\n\nA good idea is to buy containers of the same size so storing them in the\nfridge will be a piece of cake (there's no need to play a game of Tetris). As\nfor the actual food, store three days worth of food in the fridge and freeze\nthe rest.\n\nAny university student with or without a tight schedule can benefit in\nlearning the essence of how to meal prep, which happens through trial and\nerror. You'll get the hang of it!\n\nfacebook twitter pinterest Shares\n\nAdulting Kitchen Health\n\n## Glecy Malunes\n\nUniversity of Ottawa\n\nMarch 27, 2017\n\nGet more Spoon in your feed.\n\nBy adding your email you agree to get updates about Spoon University Healthier\n\n# More like this\n\n#### What You Should Be Ordering at Major Fast Food Chains if You’re\nVegetarian\n\nhow-to\n\n#### 5 Creative Ways to Use Coconut Water\n\nhow-to\n\n * SHARE\n\nMore in How To\n\n5 Easy Ways to Kickstart Your Morning Routine\n\n### Put down that granola bar because, look at that, you're not late.\n\nby Angelia Heimsoth at Spoon HQ\n\n05.27.16\n\n#### health\n\n5 Fun and Easy Ways to Naturally Boost Your Metabolism\n\n### Adjust daily habits and burn more calories.\n\nby Emily Kirsch at Spoon HQ\n\n07.01.16\n\n#### diet\n\nWhere to Get Cheese in Edinburgh\n\n### At the IJ Mellis Cheesemonger of course..\n\nby Jessica Barefoot at University of Edinburgh\n\n02.08.16\n\nLoading...\n\nCopyright © 2017 Spoon University Inc. All Rights Reserved\n\n11 W 36th St. 6th FL New York, NY 10018\n\nA proud member of the Food Network Sites.\n\nfacebook snapchat twitter instagram pinterest youtube\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://ajcn.nutrition.org:80/content/early/2016/11/09/ajcn.116.137356.abstract", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170606222705/http://ajcn.nutrition.org:80/content/early/2016/11/09/ajcn.116.137356.abstract", "parsed_text": { "title": "Macro- and micronutrient intakes in picky eaters: a cause for concern?", "passages": [ "↵2 The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the National Institute for Health Research, or the United Kingdom Department of Health.", "↵3 Supplemental Tables 1–6 and Supplemental Text are available from the “Online Supporting Material” link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at http://ajcn.nutrition.org.", "Background: Picky eating (PE) is characterized by an unwillingness to eat certain foods and by strong food preferences. PE may result in lower intakes of energy and nutrients, which may compromise health.", "Objectives: We quantified nutrient and food group intakes in children identified as picky eaters or nonpicky eaters and compared intakes between groups and with United Kingdom reference nutrient intakes.", "Design: PE was identified in an observational cohort (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) from questionnaires administered when children were aged 2, 3, 4.5, and 5.5 y. Dietary intake was assessed at 3.5 and 7.5 y with a 3-d food record. The dietary assessment at 3.5 y compared picky eaters with nonpicky eaters identified at age 3 y, and the assessment at 7.5 y compared longitudinally defined PE groups.", "Results: Picky eaters aged 3 y had lower mean carotene, iron, and zinc intakes than nonpicky eaters. There were similar differences between the longitudinally defined PE groups. Iron and zinc intakes were most likely to be below recommended amounts, with free sugar intake much higher than recommended. There were no significant differences in energy intakes between the groups, and intakes were adequate relative to estimated average requirements. Nutrient differences were explained by lower intakes of meat, fish, vegetables, and fruits in picky eaters than in nonpicky eaters. There were higher intakes of sugary foods and drinks in older picky eaters.", "Conclusions: PE did not result in compromised macronutrient intakes, although intakes of zinc and iron were more likely to be below recommendations for picky eaters than for nonpicky eaters. Emphasis should be placed on allaying parental concerns about picky eaters being prone to inadequate nutrient intakes and on encouraging all parents to extend their child’s diet to include more nutrient-rich items, especially fruits and vegetables, and less nutrient- poor sugary foods." ] }, "parsed_md": "Macro- and micronutrient intakes in picky eaters: a cause for concern?\n\n# The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition\n\nSkip to main page content\n\n * HOME\n * CURRENT ISSUE\n * EMAIL ALERTS\n * ARCHIVES\n * SUBSCRIPTIONS\n * SEARCH FOR ARTICLES\n\n * SUBJECT COLLECTIONS\n * ASN\n\n# Macro- and micronutrient intakes in picky eaters: a cause for\nconcern?^1,^2,^3\n\n 1. Caroline M Taylor^4,*,\n 2. Kate Northstone^5,\n 3. Susan M Wernimont^6, and\n 4. Pauline M Emmett^4\n\n 1. ^4Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom;\n 2. ^5National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West, Bristol, United Kingdom; and\n 3. ^6Nestlé Nutrition, King of Prussia, PA\n\n 1. ↵*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: caroline.m.taylor{at}bristol.ac.uk.\n\n * ↵1 Supported by the United Kingdom Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust, Nestlé Nutrition, National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West, and University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust. This is an open access article distributed under the CC-BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).\n\n * ↵2 The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the National Institute for Health Research, or the United Kingdom Department of Health.\n\n * ↵3 Supplemental Tables 1–6 and Supplemental Text are available from the “Online Supporting Material” link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at http://ajcn.nutrition.org.\n\n## Abstract\n\nBackground: Picky eating (PE) is characterized by an unwillingness to eat\ncertain foods and by strong food preferences. PE may result in lower intakes\nof energy and nutrients, which may compromise health.\n\nObjectives: We quantified nutrient and food group intakes in children\nidentified as picky eaters or nonpicky eaters and compared intakes between\ngroups and with United Kingdom reference nutrient intakes.\n\nDesign: PE was identified in an observational cohort (Avon Longitudinal Study\nof Parents and Children) from questionnaires administered when children were\naged 2, 3, 4.5, and 5.5 y. Dietary intake was assessed at 3.5 and 7.5 y with a\n3-d food record. The dietary assessment at 3.5 y compared picky eaters with\nnonpicky eaters identified at age 3 y, and the assessment at 7.5 y compared\nlongitudinally defined PE groups.\n\nResults: Picky eaters aged 3 y had lower mean carotene, iron, and zinc intakes\nthan nonpicky eaters. There were similar differences between the\nlongitudinally defined PE groups. Iron and zinc intakes were most likely to be\nbelow recommended amounts, with free sugar intake much higher than\nrecommended. There were no significant differences in energy intakes between\nthe groups, and intakes were adequate relative to estimated average\nrequirements. Nutrient differences were explained by lower intakes of meat,\nfish, vegetables, and fruits in picky eaters than in nonpicky eaters. There\nwere higher intakes of sugary foods and drinks in older picky eaters.\n\nConclusions: PE did not result in compromised macronutrient intakes, although\nintakes of zinc and iron were more likely to be below recommendations for\npicky eaters than for nonpicky eaters. Emphasis should be placed on allaying\nparental concerns about picky eaters being prone to inadequate nutrient\nintakes and on encouraging all parents to extend their child’s diet to include\nmore nutrient-rich items, especially fruits and vegetables, and less nutrient-\npoor sugary foods.\n\nKeywords:\n\n * ALSPAC\n * picky eating\n * macronutrients\n * micronutrients\n * antioxidants\n * meat\n * vegetables\n * fruits\n\n * Received April 27, 2016.\n * Accepted October 11, 2016.\n\nThis is an open access article distributed under the CC-BY license\n(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).\n\n * CiteULike\n * Delicious\n * Digg\n * Facebook\n * Google+\n * Mendeley\n * Reddit\n * StumbleUpon\n * Twitter\n\nWhat's this?\n\nFREE ACCESS ARTICLE\n\n### This Article\n\n 1. First published November 9, 2016, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.137356 Am J Clin Nutr ajcn137356\n\n 1. Free via Open Access: OA\n 2. Free via Creative Commons: CC\n 3. » AbstractFree\n 4. Full Text (PDF)Free\n 5. Online Supporting Material\n 6. All Versions of this Article:\n\n 1. ajcn.116.137356v1\n 2. 104/6/1647 most recent\n\n 1. Rent or Purchase Article\n\n#### Classifications\n\n 1. * Nutritional epidemiology and public health\n\n#### Services\n\n 1. Email this article to a colleague\n 2. Alert me when this article is cited\n 3. Alert me if a correction is posted\n 4. Article Usage Statistics\n 5. Similar articles in this journal\n 6. Similar articles in PubMed\n 7. Download to citation manager\n 8. Reprints and Permissions\n\n#### Citing Articles\n\n 1. Load citing article information\n 2. Citing articles via Google Scholar\n\n#### Google Scholar\n\n 1. Articles by Taylor, C. M.\n 2. Articles by Emmett, P. M.\n 3. Search for related content\n\n#### PubMed\n\n 1. PubMed citation\n 2. Articles by Taylor, C. M.\n 3. Articles by Emmett, P. M.\n\n#### Agricola\n\n 1. Articles by Taylor, C. M.\n 2. Articles by Emmett, P. M.\n\n#### ORCID\n\n 1. Profile for Taylor, C. M.http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-5092\n 2. Profile for Northstone, K.http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0602-1983\n 3. Profile for Wernimont, S. M.http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-1349\n 4. Profile for Emmett, P. M.http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1076-4779\n\n#### Related Content\n\n 1. Load related web page information\n\n#### Subject Collections\n\n 1. Research Need: Impact of Nutrition on Healthy Growth, Development, and Reproduction\n 2. Research Need: Understanding Nutrition-related Behaviors\n\n#### Social Bookmarking\n\n 1. * CiteULike\n * Delicious\n * Digg\n * Facebook\n * Google+\n * Mendeley\n * Reddit\n * StumbleUpon\n * Twitter\n\nWhat's this?\n\n### Current Issue\n\n 1. June 2017, 105 (6)\n\n 1. Alert me to new issues of Am J Clin Nutr\n\n * Statement of Scope\n * Information for Authors\n * Submit or Review a Manuscript\n * Editorial Board\n * Reprints\n * Permissions\n * Advertising\n * Feedback\n * Advances in Nutrition\n * The Journal of Nutrition\n * Current Developments in Nutrition\n\nThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition® Copyright © 2017 by the American\nSociety for Nutrition\n\n9211 Corporate Blvd., Suite 300, Rockville, MD 20850; Phone: 240-428-3650\n\n * Print ISSN: 0002-9165\n * Online ISSN: 1938-3207\n\nFor an alternate route to AJCN Online use this URL: http://intl-\najcn.nutrition.org\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-paleo-diet-half-baked-how-hunter-gatherer-really-eat/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414113523/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-paleo-diet-half-baked-how-hunter-gatherer-really-eat/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Really Eat Like a Hunter-Gatherer: Why the Paleo Diet Is Half-Baked [Interactive & Infographic]", "passages": [ "We are not biologically identical to our Paleolithic predecessors, nor do we have access to the foods they ate. And deducing dietary guidelines from modern foraging societies is difficult because they vary so much by geography, season and opportunity", "Meet Grok. According to his online profile, he is a tall, lean, ripped and agile 30-year-old. By every measure, Grok is in superb health: low blood pressure; no inflammation; ideal levels of insulin, glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. He and his family eat really healthy, too. They gather wild seeds, grasses, and nuts; seasonal vegetables; roots and berries. They hunt and fish their own meat. Between foraging, building sturdy shelters from natural materials, collecting firewood and fending off dangerous predators far larger than himself, Grok's life is strenuous, perilous and physically demanding. Yet, somehow, he is a stress-free dude who always manages to get enough sleep and finds the time to enjoy moments of tranquility beside gurgling creeks. He is perfectly suited to his environment in every way. He is totally Zen.", "Ostensibly, Grok is \"a rather typical hunter–gatherer\" living before the dawn of agriculture—an \"official primal prototype.\" He is the poster-persona for fitness author and blogger Mark Sisson's \"Primal Blueprint\"—a set of guidelines that \"allows you to control how your genes express themselves in order to build the strongest, leanest, healthiest body possible, taking clues from evolutionary biology (that's the primal part).\" These guidelines incorporate many principles of what is more commonly known as the Paleolithic, or caveman, diet, which started to whet people's appetites as early as the 1960s and is available in many different flavors today.", "Proponents of the Paleo diet follow a nutritional plan based on the eating habits of our ancestors in the Paleolithic period, between 2.5 million and 10,000 years ago. Before agriculture and industry, humans presumably lived as hunter–gatherers: picking berry after berry off of bushes; digging up tumescent tubers; chasing mammals to the point of exhaustion; scavenging meat, fat and organs from animals that larger predators had killed; and eventually learning to fish with lines and hooks and hunt with spears, nets, bows and arrows.", "Most Paleo dieters of today do none of this, with the exception of occasional hunting trips or a little urban foraging. Instead, their diet is largely defined by what they do not do: most do not eat dairy or processed grains of any kind, because humans did not invent such foods until after the Paleolithic; peanuts, lentils, beans, peas and other legumes are off the menu, but nuts are okay; meat is consumed in large quantities, often cooked in animal fat of some kind; Paleo dieters sometimes eat fruit and often devour vegetables; and processed sugars are prohibited, but a little honey now and then is fine.", "Almost equal numbers of advocates and critics seem to have gathered at the Paleo diet dinner table and both tribes have a few particularly vociferous members. Critiques of the Paleo diet range from the mild—Eh, it's certainly not the worst way to eat—to the acerbic: It is nonsensical and sometimes dangerously restrictive. Most recently, in her book Paleofantasy, evolutionary biologist Marlene Zuk of the University of California, Riverside, debunks what she identifies as myths central to the Paleo diet and the larger Paleo lifestyle movement.", "Most nutritionists consent that the Paleo diet gets at least one thing right—cutting down on processed foods that have been highly modified from their raw state through various methods of preservation. Examples include white bread and other refined flour products, artificial cheese, certain cold cuts and packaged meats, potato chips, and sugary cereals. Such processed foods often offer less protein, fiber and iron than their unprocessed equivalents, and some are packed with sodium and preservatives that may increase the risk of heart disease and certain cancers.", "But the Paleo diet bans more than just highly processed junk foods—in its most traditional form, it prohibits any kind of food unavailable to stone age hunter–gatherers, including dairy rich in calcium, grains replete with fiber, and vitamins and legumes packed with protein. The rationale for such constraint—in fact the entire premise of the Paleo diet—is, at best, only half correct. Because the human body adapted to life in the stone age, Paleo dieters argue—and because our genetics and anatomy have changed very little since then, they say—we should emulate the diets of our Paleo predecessors as closely as possible in order to be healthy. Obesity, heart disease, diabetes, cancer and many other \"modern\" diseases, the reasoning goes, result primarily from the incompatibility of our stone age anatomy with our contemporary way of eating.", "Diet has been an important part of our evolution—as it is for every species—and we have inherited many adaptations from our Paleo predecessors. Understanding how we evolved could, in principle, help us make smarter dietary choices today. But the logic behind the Paleo diet fails in several ways: by making apotheosis of one particular slice of our evolutionary history; by insisting that we are biologically identical to stone age humans; and by denying the benefits of some of our more modern methods of eating.", "“‘Paleofantasies’ call to mind a time when everything about us—body, mind, and behavior—was in sync with the environment...but no such time existed,\" Zuk wrote in her book. \"We and every other living thing have always lurched along in evolutionary time, with the inevitable trade-offs that are a hallmark of life.”", "On his website, Sisson writes that \"while the world has changed in innumerable ways in the last 10,000 years (for better and worse), the human genome has changed very little and thus only thrives under similar conditions.\" This is simply not true. In fact, this reasoning misconstrues how evolution works. If humans and other organisms could only thrive in circumstances similar to the ones their predecessors lived in, life would not have lasted very long.", "Several examples of recent and relatively speedy human evolution underscore that our anatomy and genetics have not been set in stone since the stone age. Within a span of 7,000 years, for instance, people adapted to eating dairy by developing lactose tolerance. Usually, the gene encoding an enzyme named lactase—which breaks down lactose sugars in milk—shuts down after infancy; when dairy became prevalent, many people evolved a mutation that kept the gene turned on throughout life. Likewise, the genetic mutation responsible for blue eyes likely arose between 6,000 and 10,000 years ago. And in regions where malaria is common, natural selection has modified people's immune systems and red blood cells in ways that help them resist the mosquito-borne disease; some of these genetic mutations appeared within the last 10,000 or even 5,000 years. The organisms with which we share our bodies have evolved even faster, particularly the billions of bacteria living in our intestines. Our gut bacteria interact with our food in many ways, helping us break down tough plant fibers, but also competing for calories. We do not have direct evidence of which bacterial species thrived in Paleolithic intestines, but we can be sure that their microbial communities do not exactly match our own.", "Even if eating only foods available to hunter–gatherers in the Paleolithic made sense, it would be impossible. As Christina Warinner of the University of Zurich emphasizes in her 2012 TED talk, just about every single species commonly consumed today—whether a fruit, vegetable or animal—is drastically different from its Paleolithic predecessor. In most cases, we have transformed the species we eat through artificial selection: we have bred cows, chickens and goats to provide as much meat, milk and eggs as possible and have sown seeds only from plants with the most desirable traits—with the biggest fruits, plumpest kernels, sweetest flesh and fewest natural toxins. Cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts and kale are all different cultivars of a single species, Brassica oleracea; generation by generation, we reshaped this one plant's leaves, stems and flowers into wildly different arrangements, the same way we bred Welsh corgis, pugs, dachshunds, Saint Bernards and greyhounds out of a single wolf species. Corn was once a straggly grass known as teosinte and tomatoes were once much smaller berries. And the wild ancestors of bananas were rife with seeds.", "The Paleo diet not only misunderstands how our own species, the organisms inside our bodies and the animals and plants we eat have evolved over the last 10,000 years, it also ignores much of the evidence about our ancestors' health during their—often brief—individual life spans (even if a minority of our Paleo ancestors made it into their 40s or beyond, many children likely died before age 15). In contrast to Grok, neither Paleo hunter–gatherers nor our more recent predecessors were sculpted Adonises immune to all disease. A recent study in The Lancet looked for signs of atherosclerosis—arteries clogged with cholesterol and fats—in more than one hundred ancient mummies from societies of farmers, foragers and hunter–gatherers around the world, including Egypt, Peru, the southwestern U.S and the Aleutian Islands. \"A common assumption is that atherosclerosis is predominately lifestyle-related, and that if modern human beings could emulate preindustrial or even preagricultural lifestyles, that atherosclerosis, or least its clinical manifestations, would be avoided,\" the researchers wrote. But they found evidence of probable or definite atherosclerosis in 47 of 137 mummies from each of the different geographical regions. And even if heart disease, cancer, obesity and diabetes were not as common among our predecessors, they still faced numerous threats to their health that modern sanitation and medicine have rendered negligible for people in industrialized nations, such as infestations of parasites and certain lethal bacterial and viral infections.", "Some Paleo dieters emphasize that they never believed in one true caveman lifestyle or diet and that—in the fashion of Sisson's Blueprint—they use our evolutionary past to form guidelines, not scripture. That strategy seems reasonably solid at first, but quickly disintegrates. Even though researchers know enough to make some generalizations about human diets in the Paleolithic with reasonable certainty, the details remain murky. Exactly what proportions of meat and vegetables did different hominid species eat in the Paleolithic? It's not clear. Just how far back were our ancestors eating grains and dairy? Perhaps far earlier than we initially thought. What we can say for certain is that in the Paleolithic, the human diet varied immensely by geography, season and opportunity. \"We now know that humans have evolved not to subsist on a single, Paleolithic diet but to be flexible eaters, an insight that has important implications for the current debate over what people today should eat in order to be healthy,\" anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University wrote in Scientific American in 2002.", "We cannot time travel and join our Paleo ancestors by the campfire as they prepare to eat; likewise, shards of ancient pottery and fossilized teeth can tell us only so much. If we compare the diets of so-called modern hunter- gatherers, however, we see just how difficult it is to find meaningful commonalities and extract useful dietary guidelines from their disparate lives (see infographic). Which hunter–gatherer tribe are we supposed to mimic, exactly? How do we reconcile the Inuit diet—mostly the flesh of sea mammals—with the more varied plant and land animal diet of the Hadza or !Kung? Chucking the many different hunter–gather diets into a blender to come up with some kind of quintessential smoothie is a little ridiculous. \"Too often modern health problems are portrayed as the result of eating 'bad' foods that are departures from the natural human diet...This is a fundamentally flawed approach to assessing human nutritional needs,\" Leonard wrote. \"Our species was not designed to subsist on a single, optimal diet. What is remarkable about human beings is the extraordinary variety of what we eat. We have been able to thrive in almost every ecosystem on the Earth, consuming diets ranging from almost all animal foods among populations of the Arctic to primarily tubers and cereal grains among populations in the high Andes.”", "Closely examining one group of modern hunter–gatherers—the Hiwi—reveals how much variation exists within the diet of a single small foraging society and deflates the notion that hunter–gatherers have impeccable health. Such examination also makes obvious the immense gap between a genuine community of foragers and Paleo dieters living in modern cities, selectively shopping at farmers' markets and making sure the dressing on their house salad is gluten, sugar and dairy free.", "By latest count, about 800 Hiwi live in palm thatched huts in Colombia and Venezuela. In 1990 Ana Magdalena Hurtado and Kim Hill—now both at Arizona State University in Tempe—published a thorough study (pdf) of the Hiwi diet in the neotropical savannas of the Orinoco River basin in Southwestern Venezuela. Vast grasslands with belts of forest, these savannas receive plenty of rain between May and November. From January through March, however, precipitation is rare: the grasses shrivel, while lakes and lagoons evaporate. Fish trapped in shrinking pools of water are easy targets for caiman, capybaras and turtles. In turn, the desiccating lakes become prime hunting territory for the Hiwi. During the wet season, however, the Hiwi mainly hunt for animals in the forest, using bows and arrows.", "The Hiwi gather and hunt a diverse group of plants and animals from the savannas, forests, rivers and swamps. Their main sources of meat are capybara, collared peccary, deer, anteater, armadillo, and feral cattle, numerous species of fish, and at least some turtle species. Less commonly consumed animals include iguanas and savanna lizards, wild rabbits, and many birds. Not exactly the kind of meat Paleo dieters and others in urban areas can easily obtain.", "Five roots, both bitter and sweet, are staples in the Hiwi diet, as are palm nuts and palm hearts, several different fruits, a wild legume named Campsiandra comosa, and honey produced by several bee species and sometimes by wasps. A few Hiwi families tend small, scattered and largely unproductive fields of plantains, corn and squash. At neighboring cattle ranches in a town about 30 kilometers away, some Hiwi buy rice, noodles, corn flour and sugar. Anthropologists and tourists have also given the Hiwi similar processed foods as gifts (see illustration at top).", "Hill and Hurtado calculated that foods hunted and collected in the wild account for 95 percent of the Hiwi's total caloric intake; the remaining 5 percent comes from store-bought goods as well as from fruits and squash gathered from the Hiwi's small fields. They rely more on purchased goods during the peak of the dry season.", "The Hiwi are not particularly healthy. Compared to the Ache, a hunter–gatherer tribe in Paraguay, the Hiwi are shorter, thinner, more lethargic and less well nourished. Hiwi men and women of all ages constantly complain of hunger. Many Hiwi are heavily infected with parasitic hookworms, which burrow into the small intestine and feed on blood. And only 50 percent of Hiwi children survive beyond the age of 15.", "Drop Grok into the Hiwi's midst—or indeed among any modern or ancient hunter–gather society—and he would be a complete aberration. Grok cannot teach us how to live or eat; he never existed. Living off the land or restricting oneself to foods available before agriculture and industry does not guarantee good health. The human body is not simply a collection of adaptations to life in the Paleolithic—its legacy is far greater. Each of us is a dynamic assemblage of inherited traits that have been tweaked, transformed, lost and regained since the beginning of life itself. Such changes have not ceased in the past 10,000 years.", "Ultimately—regardless of one's intentions—the Paleo diet is founded more on privilege than on logic. Hunter–gatherers in the Paleolithic hunted and gathered because they had to. Paleo dieters attempt to eat like hunter–gatherers because they want to.", "Scientific American is part of Springer Nature, which owns or has commercial relations with thousands of scientific publications (many of them can be found at www.springernature.com/us). Scientific American maintains a strict policy of editorial independence in reporting developments in science to our readers." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Really Eat Like a Hunter-Gatherer: Why the Paleo Diet Is Half-Baked\n[Interactive & Infographic] - Scientific American\n\nSkip to main content\n\nCelebrate Math Awareness Month\n\nThe Body\n\n# How to Really Eat Like a Hunter-Gatherer: Why the Paleo Diet Is Half-Baked\n[Interactive & Infographic]\n\nWe are not biologically identical to our Paleolithic predecessors, nor do we\nhave access to the foods they ate. And deducing dietary guidelines from modern\nforaging societies is difficult because they vary so much by geography, season\nand opportunity\n\n * By Ferris Jabr on June 3, 2013\n\n * Share on Facebook\n\n * Share on Twitter\n\n * Share on Reddit\n\n * Share on LinkedIn\n\n * Share via Email\n\n * Print\n\nCredit: Getty ImagesAdvertisement\n\nMeet Grok. According to his online profile, he is a tall, lean, ripped and\nagile 30-year-old. By every measure, Grok is in superb health: low blood\npressure; no inflammation; ideal levels of insulin, glucose, cholesterol and\ntriglycerides. He and his family eat really healthy, too. They gather wild\nseeds, grasses, and nuts; seasonal vegetables; roots and berries. They hunt\nand fish their own meat. Between foraging, building sturdy shelters from\nnatural materials, collecting firewood and fending off dangerous predators far\nlarger than himself, Grok's life is strenuous, perilous and physically\ndemanding. Yet, somehow, he is a stress-free dude who always manages to get\nenough sleep and finds the time to enjoy moments of tranquility beside\ngurgling creeks. He is perfectly suited to his environment in every way. He is\ntotally Zen.\n\nOstensibly, Grok is \"a rather typical hunter–gatherer\" living before the dawn\nof agriculture—an \"official primal prototype.\" He is the poster-persona for\nfitness author and blogger Mark Sisson's \"Primal Blueprint\"—a set of\nguidelines that \"allows you to control how your genes express themselves in\norder to build the strongest, leanest, healthiest body possible, taking clues\nfrom evolutionary biology (that's the primal part).\" These guidelines\nincorporate many principles of what is more commonly known as the Paleolithic,\nor caveman, diet, which started to whet people's appetites as early as the\n1960s and is available in many different flavors today.\n\nProponents of the Paleo diet follow a nutritional plan based on the eating\nhabits of our ancestors in the Paleolithic period, between 2.5 million and\n10,000 years ago. Before agriculture and industry, humans presumably lived as\nhunter–gatherers: picking berry after berry off of bushes; digging up\ntumescent tubers; chasing mammals to the point of exhaustion; scavenging meat,\nfat and organs from animals that larger predators had killed; and eventually\nlearning to fish with lines and hooks and hunt with spears, nets, bows and\narrows.\n\nMost Paleo dieters of today do none of this, with the exception of occasional\nhunting trips or a little urban foraging. Instead, their diet is largely\ndefined by what they do not do: most do not eat dairy or processed grains of\nany kind, because humans did not invent such foods until after the\nPaleolithic; peanuts, lentils, beans, peas and other legumes are off the menu,\nbut nuts are okay; meat is consumed in large quantities, often cooked in\nanimal fat of some kind; Paleo dieters sometimes eat fruit and often devour\nvegetables; and processed sugars are prohibited, but a little honey now and\nthen is fine.\n\nAlmost equal numbers of advocates and critics seem to have gathered at the\nPaleo diet dinner table and both tribes have a few particularly vociferous\nmembers. Critiques of the Paleo diet range from the mild—Eh, it's certainly\nnot the worst way to eat—to the acerbic: It is nonsensical and sometimes\ndangerously restrictive. Most recently, in her book Paleofantasy, evolutionary\nbiologist Marlene Zuk of the University of California, Riverside, debunks what\nshe identifies as myths central to the Paleo diet and the larger Paleo\nlifestyle movement.\n\nMost nutritionists consent that the Paleo diet gets at least one thing\nright—cutting down on processed foods that have been highly modified from\ntheir raw state through various methods of preservation. Examples include\nwhite bread and other refined flour products, artificial cheese, certain cold\ncuts and packaged meats, potato chips, and sugary cereals. Such processed\nfoods often offer less protein, fiber and iron than their unprocessed\nequivalents, and some are packed with sodium and preservatives that may\nincrease the risk of heart disease and certain cancers.\n\nBut the Paleo diet bans more than just highly processed junk foods—in its most\ntraditional form, it prohibits any kind of food unavailable to stone age\nhunter–gatherers, including dairy rich in calcium, grains replete with fiber,\nand vitamins and legumes packed with protein. The rationale for such\nconstraint—in fact the entire premise of the Paleo diet—is, at best, only half\ncorrect. Because the human body adapted to life in the stone age, Paleo\ndieters argue—and because our genetics and anatomy have changed very little\nsince then, they say—we should emulate the diets of our Paleo predecessors as\nclosely as possible in order to be healthy. Obesity, heart disease, diabetes,\ncancer and many other \"modern\" diseases, the reasoning goes, result primarily\nfrom the incompatibility of our stone age anatomy with our contemporary way of\neating.\n\nDiet has been an important part of our evolution—as it is for every\nspecies—and we have inherited many adaptations from our Paleo predecessors.\nUnderstanding how we evolved could, in principle, help us make smarter dietary\nchoices today. But the logic behind the Paleo diet fails in several ways: by\nmaking apotheosis of one particular slice of our evolutionary history; by\ninsisting that we are biologically identical to stone age humans; and by\ndenying the benefits of some of our more modern methods of eating.\n\n“‘Paleofantasies’ call to mind a time when everything about us—body, mind, and\nbehavior—was in sync with the environment...but no such time existed,\" Zuk\nwrote in her book. \"We and every other living thing have always lurched along\nin evolutionary time, with the inevitable trade-offs that are a hallmark of\nlife.”\n\nOn his website, Sisson writes that \"while the world has changed in innumerable\nways in the last 10,000 years (for better and worse), the human genome has\nchanged very little and thus only thrives under similar conditions.\" This is\nsimply not true. In fact, this reasoning misconstrues how evolution works. If\nhumans and other organisms could only thrive in circumstances similar to the\nones their predecessors lived in, life would not have lasted very long.\n\nSeveral examples of recent and relatively speedy human evolution underscore\nthat our anatomy and genetics have not been set in stone since the stone age.\nWithin a span of 7,000 years, for instance, people adapted to eating dairy by\ndeveloping lactose tolerance. Usually, the gene encoding an enzyme named\nlactase—which breaks down lactose sugars in milk—shuts down after infancy;\nwhen dairy became prevalent, many people evolved a mutation that kept the gene\nturned on throughout life. Likewise, the genetic mutation responsible for blue\neyes likely arose between 6,000 and 10,000 years ago. And in regions where\nmalaria is common, natural selection has modified people's immune systems and\nred blood cells in ways that help them resist the mosquito-borne disease; some\nof these genetic mutations appeared within the last 10,000 or even 5,000\nyears. The organisms with which we share our bodies have evolved even faster,\nparticularly the billions of bacteria living in our intestines. Our gut\nbacteria interact with our food in many ways, helping us break down tough\nplant fibers, but also competing for calories. We do not have direct evidence\nof which bacterial species thrived in Paleolithic intestines, but we can be\nsure that their microbial communities do not exactly match our own.\n\nEven if eating only foods available to hunter–gatherers in the Paleolithic\nmade sense, it would be impossible. As Christina Warinner of the University of\nZurich emphasizes in her 2012 TED talk, just about every single species\ncommonly consumed today—whether a fruit, vegetable or animal—is drastically\ndifferent from its Paleolithic predecessor. In most cases, we have transformed\nthe species we eat through artificial selection: we have bred cows, chickens\nand goats to provide as much meat, milk and eggs as possible and have sown\nseeds only from plants with the most desirable traits—with the biggest fruits,\nplumpest kernels, sweetest flesh and fewest natural toxins. Cabbage, broccoli,\ncauliflower, Brussels sprouts and kale are all different cultivars of a single\nspecies, Brassica oleracea; generation by generation, we reshaped this one\nplant's leaves, stems and flowers into wildly different arrangements, the same\nway we bred Welsh corgis, pugs, dachshunds, Saint Bernards and greyhounds out\nof a single wolf species. Corn was once a straggly grass known as teosinte and\ntomatoes were once much smaller berries. And the wild ancestors of bananas\nwere rife with seeds.\n\nThe Paleo diet not only misunderstands how our own species, the organisms\ninside our bodies and the animals and plants we eat have evolved over the last\n10,000 years, it also ignores much of the evidence about our ancestors' health\nduring their—often brief—individual life spans (even if a minority of our\nPaleo ancestors made it into their 40s or beyond, many children likely died\nbefore age 15). In contrast to Grok, neither Paleo hunter–gatherers nor our\nmore recent predecessors were sculpted Adonises immune to all disease. A\nrecent study in The Lancet looked for signs of atherosclerosis—arteries\nclogged with cholesterol and fats—in more than one hundred ancient mummies\nfrom societies of farmers, foragers and hunter–gatherers around the world,\nincluding Egypt, Peru, the southwestern U.S and the Aleutian Islands. \"A\ncommon assumption is that atherosclerosis is predominately lifestyle-related,\nand that if modern human beings could emulate preindustrial or even\npreagricultural lifestyles, that atherosclerosis, or least its clinical\nmanifestations, would be avoided,\" the researchers wrote. But they found\nevidence of probable or definite atherosclerosis in 47 of 137 mummies from\neach of the different geographical regions. And even if heart disease, cancer,\nobesity and diabetes were not as common among our predecessors, they still\nfaced numerous threats to their health that modern sanitation and medicine\nhave rendered negligible for people in industrialized nations, such as\ninfestations of parasites and certain lethal bacterial and viral infections.\n\nSome Paleo dieters emphasize that they never believed in one true caveman\nlifestyle or diet and that—in the fashion of Sisson's Blueprint—they use our\nevolutionary past to form guidelines, not scripture. That strategy seems\nreasonably solid at first, but quickly disintegrates. Even though researchers\nknow enough to make some generalizations about human diets in the Paleolithic\nwith reasonable certainty, the details remain murky. Exactly what proportions\nof meat and vegetables did different hominid species eat in the Paleolithic?\nIt's not clear. Just how far back were our ancestors eating grains and dairy?\nPerhaps far earlier than we initially thought. What we can say for certain is\nthat in the Paleolithic, the human diet varied immensely by geography, season\nand opportunity. \"We now know that humans have evolved not to subsist on a\nsingle, Paleolithic diet but to be flexible eaters, an insight that has\nimportant implications for the current debate over what people today should\neat in order to be healthy,\" anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern\nUniversity wrote in Scientific American in 2002.\n\nJen Christiansen\n\nWe cannot time travel and join our Paleo ancestors by the campfire as they\nprepare to eat; likewise, shards of ancient pottery and fossilized teeth can\ntell us only so much. If we compare the diets of so-called modern hunter-\ngatherers, however, we see just how difficult it is to find meaningful\ncommonalities and extract useful dietary guidelines from their disparate lives\n(see infographic). Which hunter–gatherer tribe are we supposed to mimic,\nexactly? How do we reconcile the Inuit diet—mostly the flesh of sea\nmammals—with the more varied plant and land animal diet of the Hadza or !Kung?\nChucking the many different hunter–gather diets into a blender to come up with\nsome kind of quintessential smoothie is a little ridiculous. \"Too often modern\nhealth problems are portrayed as the result of eating 'bad' foods that are\ndepartures from the natural human diet...This is a fundamentally flawed\napproach to assessing human nutritional needs,\" Leonard wrote. \"Our species\nwas not designed to subsist on a single, optimal diet. What is remarkable\nabout human beings is the extraordinary variety of what we eat. We have been\nable to thrive in almost every ecosystem on the Earth, consuming diets ranging\nfrom almost all animal foods among populations of the Arctic to primarily\ntubers and cereal grains among populations in the high Andes.”\n\nClosely examining one group of modern hunter–gatherers—the Hiwi—reveals how\nmuch variation exists within the diet of a single small foraging society and\ndeflates the notion that hunter–gatherers have impeccable health. Such\nexamination also makes obvious the immense gap between a genuine community of\nforagers and Paleo dieters living in modern cities, selectively shopping at\nfarmers' markets and making sure the dressing on their house salad is gluten,\nsugar and dairy free.\n\nIllustration by Marissa Fessenden\n\nBy latest count, about 800 Hiwi live in palm thatched huts in Colombia and\nVenezuela. In 1990 Ana Magdalena Hurtado and Kim Hill—now both at Arizona\nState University in Tempe—published a thorough study (pdf) of the Hiwi diet in\nthe neotropical savannas of the Orinoco River basin in Southwestern Venezuela.\nVast grasslands with belts of forest, these savannas receive plenty of rain\nbetween May and November. From January through March, however, precipitation\nis rare: the grasses shrivel, while lakes and lagoons evaporate. Fish trapped\nin shrinking pools of water are easy targets for caiman, capybaras and\nturtles. In turn, the desiccating lakes become prime hunting territory for the\nHiwi. During the wet season, however, the Hiwi mainly hunt for animals in the\nforest, using bows and arrows.\n\nThe Hiwi gather and hunt a diverse group of plants and animals from the\nsavannas, forests, rivers and swamps. Their main sources of meat are capybara,\ncollared peccary, deer, anteater, armadillo, and feral cattle, numerous\nspecies of fish, and at least some turtle species. Less commonly consumed\nanimals include iguanas and savanna lizards, wild rabbits, and many birds. Not\nexactly the kind of meat Paleo dieters and others in urban areas can easily\nobtain.\n\nFive roots, both bitter and sweet, are staples in the Hiwi diet, as are palm\nnuts and palm hearts, several different fruits, a wild legume named\nCampsiandra comosa, and honey produced by several bee species and sometimes by\nwasps. A few Hiwi families tend small, scattered and largely unproductive\nfields of plantains, corn and squash. At neighboring cattle ranches in a town\nabout 30 kilometers away, some Hiwi buy rice, noodles, corn flour and sugar.\nAnthropologists and tourists have also given the Hiwi similar processed foods\nas gifts (see illustration at top).\n\nHill and Hurtado calculated that foods hunted and collected in the wild\naccount for 95 percent of the Hiwi's total caloric intake; the remaining 5\npercent comes from store-bought goods as well as from fruits and squash\ngathered from the Hiwi's small fields. They rely more on purchased goods\nduring the peak of the dry season.\n\nThe Hiwi are not particularly healthy. Compared to the Ache, a hunter–gatherer\ntribe in Paraguay, the Hiwi are shorter, thinner, more lethargic and less well\nnourished. Hiwi men and women of all ages constantly complain of hunger. Many\nHiwi are heavily infected with parasitic hookworms, which burrow into the\nsmall intestine and feed on blood. And only 50 percent of Hiwi children\nsurvive beyond the age of 15.\n\nDrop Grok into the Hiwi's midst—or indeed among any modern or ancient\nhunter–gather society—and he would be a complete aberration. Grok cannot teach\nus how to live or eat; he never existed. Living off the land or restricting\noneself to foods available before agriculture and industry does not guarantee\ngood health. The human body is not simply a collection of adaptations to life\nin the Paleolithic—its legacy is far greater. Each of us is a dynamic\nassemblage of inherited traits that have been tweaked, transformed, lost and\nregained since the beginning of life itself. Such changes have not ceased in\nthe past 10,000 years.\n\nUltimately—regardless of one's intentions—the Paleo diet is founded more on\nprivilege than on logic. Hunter–gatherers in the Paleolithic hunted and\ngathered because they had to. Paleo dieters attempt to eat like\nhunter–gatherers because they want to.\n\n### ABOUT THE AUTHOR(S)\n\n#### Ferris Jabr\n\nFerris Jabr is a contributing writer for Scientific American. He has also\nwritten for the New York Times Magazine, the New Yorker and Outside.\n\nCredit: Nick Higgins\n\n#### Recent Articles\n\n * Instead of Filling Cavities, Dentists May Soon Regenerate Teeth\n * How Does the Flu Actually Kill People?\n * Fowl Language: AI Decodes the Nuances of Chicken \"Speech\"\n\n## Read This Next\n\n### Eat, Move, Think: Living Healthy\n\nThe Sciences\n\n### Food for Thought\n\nDecember 1, 2002 — William R. Leonard\n\nHealth\n\n### Most People Shouldn't Eat Gluten-Free\n\nMarch 11, 2013 — Rachael Rettner and MyHealthNewsDaily\n\nHealth\n\n### Meat of the Matter: Are Our Modern Methods of Preserving and Cooking Meat\nHealthy?\n\nDecember 1, 2012 — Ferris Jabr\n\nHealth\n\n### Caveman Diet Secret: Less Red Meat, More Plants\n\nOctober 26, 2012 — Tia Ghose and LiveScience\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Newsletter\n\n## Get smart. Sign up for our email newsletter.\n\nSign Up\n\n## Support Science Journalism\n\nDiscover world-changing science. 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Sign in.\n\nSubscribers get more award-winning coverage of advances in science &\ntechnology.\n\nSee Subscription Options\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.eatingdisorderhope.com/blog/avoidantrestrictive-food-intake-disorder-signs-and-symptoms", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170723222438/https://www.eatingdisorderhope.com/blog/avoidantrestrictive-food-intake-disorder-signs-and-symptoms", "parsed_text": { "title": "Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Signs and Symptoms", "passages": [ "With the more well-known eating disorders gaining headlines in the mainstream, it can be easy to forget that there are several other eating and feeding disorders outside of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Regardless of what the disorder itself is, individuals who struggle with these types of diseases typically face enormous challenges in their daily lives and require professional help for overcoming and finding recovery.", "Perhaps one of the lesser-known feeding disorders is Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder, or ARFID. This selective eating disorder was previously classified as “Feeding Disorder of Infancy or Early Childhood” and recently changed in the the most updated revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).", "Previously, this condition was thought to be something that exclusively developed in children and adolescents; however, ARFID has broadened the defining criteria of this condition to also include adults who limited their eating and may also be impacted by a related psychological and/or physiological issue.", "Disturbance in feeding and/or eating patterns as evidenced by dependence on external feeding sources (such as a feeding tube or dietary supplements), significant weight loss or the absence of expected growth/gain in children, the presence of nutritional deficiencies, and/or significant psychosocial interferences.", "Understanding the criteria for ARFID may be helpful, but what might this actually look like in a person who is presenting with this eating disorder? Typically, in individuals with ARFID, whether child, adolescent or adult, there is a inability to eat certain foods, which is characteristic of this disorder.", "This may be due to a particular taste, smell, texture, color, or temperature of the food, and sufferers may avoid certain food types or entire food groups, such as meats, fruits, and/or vegetables. Some individuals with ARFID may experience such adverse reactions to foods that gastrointestinal upsets are triggered, such as gagging, choking, or vomiting.", "On the outside, ARFID may appear a case of picky eating, where individuals avoid particular foods and food groups. However, with ARFID, there is often a comorbidity, meaning that other mental or developmental disorders may develop alongside this eating disorder. Research has found that an estimated eighty percent of children with developmental disabilities also have some form of a feeding disorder [2].", "ARFID is not necessarily recognizable by physical manifestations, as individuals who struggle with ARFID are usually of normal body weight. Because of the complex criteria and factors involved with ARFID, it is important to seek out professional diagnosis and assessment.", "Comprehensive treatment for ARFID is important, particularly if another disorder is present, such as autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder, an anxiety disorder, or so forth. Many forms of therapy can be effective in helping individuals overcome anxiety associated with certain foods or the eating experience in general.", "Working with a registered dietitian as part of treatment and alongside a therapist can also be helpful in addressing nutrient deficiencies and for meal planning purposes. Medication management may also be appropriate in some cases for treatment as well.", "If you or someone you care for is dealing with ARFID, be sure to seek out the care of a specialist who can help address the complexity of issues involved with this eating disorder. Recovery is possible with appropriate treatment and care.", "If you or a loved one has suffered with ARFID, what treatment resources were helpful for your recovery process? What resources might you recommend for others going through this process?", "About the Author: Crystal is a Masters-level Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) with a specialty focus in eating disorders, maternal/child health and wellness, and intuitive eating. Combining clinical experience with a love of social media and writing, Crystal serves as the Special Projects Coordinator for Eating Disorder Hope/Addiction Hope, where her passion to help others find recovery and healing is integrated into each part of her work.", "As a Certified Intuitive Eating Counselor, Crystal has dedicated her career to helping others establish a healthy relationship with food and body through her work with EDH/AH and nutrition private practice.", "[1]: American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Highlights of Changes from DSM- IV-TR to DSM-5 [2]: Chatoor,I., Hamburger, E., Fullard, R., & Fivera, Y. (1994). A survey of picky eating and pica behaviors in toddlers. Scientific Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 10′, 50.", "The opinions and views of our guest contributors are shared to provide a broad perspective of eating disorders. These are not necessarily the views of Eating Disorder Hope, but an effort to offer discussion of various issues by different concerned individuals.", "We at Eating Disorder Hope understand that eating disorders result from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. If you or a loved one are suffering from an eating disorder, please know that there is hope for you, and seek immediate professional help.", "Become a Founding Member of Eating Disorder Hope today for exclusive access to online support groups, private forums, our First Annual Online Recovery Conference, and more!", "Join us on August 7th at 9:00 PM EST for a Twitter Chat on \"How to Know When ‘Healthy Eating’ Turns into Orthorexia\" with special guest - Melainie Rogers, MS, RDN, CDN, CEDRD.", "Eating Disorder Hope promotes ending eating disordered behavior, embracing life and pursuing recovery. Our mission is to foster appreciation of one's uniqueness and value in the world, unrelated to appearance, achievement or applause.", "MEDICAL ADVICE DISCLAIMER: The service, and any information contained on the website or provided through the service, is provided for informational purposes only. The information contained on or provided through this service is intended for general consumer understanding and education and not as a substitute for medical or psychological advice, diagnosis, or treatment. All information provided on the website is presented as is without any warranty of any kind, and expressly excludes any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose." ] }, "parsed_md": "Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Signs and Symptoms\n\nEating Disorder Hope\n\nLogin | Signup for an EDH Membership\n\n * Education & Awareness\n\n * Eating Disorders\n * Anorexia\n * Bulimia\n * Binge Eating\n * Weight & Body Image\n * Excessive Exercise & Nutrition\n * Addictions & Eating Disorders\n * Eating Disorder Statistics\n * Eating Disorder Research, Studies, and Tests\n * Eating Disorders in Men\n * Eating Disorder Treatment Centers\n\n * Featured Eating Disorder Treatment Centers\n * Eating Disorder Treatment Centers by State\n * Eating Disorder Treatment\n\n * Eating Disorder Therapists Directory\n * Therapy & Treatment Types\n * Weight Management & Obesity\n * Co-Occurring Disorders\n * Special Treatment Issues\n * Family Involvement\n * Speaker’s Bureau\n * International Treatment Help\n * Get Help Now\n * Recovery Tools & Support\n\n * Become an EDH Member\n * Support Forum\n * Online Events\n * Eating Disorder Support Groups\n * Recovery Tips & Self-Help\n * Inspirational Stories\n * Spirituality\n * Eating Disorder Recovery Books\n * Non-Profits & Additional Resources\n * Calendar of Events & Conferences\n * EDHope’s Programs\n\n * Seal of Excellence\n * College Hope\n * Hope Club For Professionals\n * Pro-Recovery Movement\n * Career Center\n * Eating Disorder Professional Resources\n * About Us\n\n * Contact Us\n * Newsletter Sign Up\n * Eating Disorder Hope Sponsors\n * Honorary Patrons of Eating Disorder Hope\n * Recognitions & Awards\n * Media & Press\n * Testimonials\n * Advertise With Us\n * Website Policies & Terms\n * Blogs & Vlogs\n\n * Eating Disorder VLOG\n * Eating Disorder Blog\n * Search\n * Menu\n\nHome » Blog » Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Signs and Symptoms\n\nPrevious post: Assuming Conservatorship for a Family Member Who Needs\nTreatment for Anorexia\n\nNext post: Common Feeding Disorders in Pediatric Patients\n\n### Eating Disorder Hope Navigation\n\n * Education & Awareness\n\n * Eating Disorders\n * Anorexia\n * Bulimia\n * Binge Eating\n * Weight & Body Image\n * Excessive Exercise & Nutrition\n * Addictions & Eating Disorders\n * Eating Disorder Statistics\n * Eating Disorder Research, Studies, and Tests\n * Eating Disorders in Men\n * Eating Disorder Treatment Centers\n\n * Featured Eating Disorder Treatment Centers\n * Eating Disorder Treatment Centers by State\n * Eating Disorder Treatment\n\n * Eating Disorder Therapists Directory\n * Therapy & Treatment Types\n * Weight Management & Obesity\n * Co-Occurring Disorders\n * Special Treatment Issues\n * Family Involvement\n * Speaker’s Bureau\n * International Treatment Help\n * Get Help Now\n * Recovery Tools & Support\n\n * Become an EDH Member\n * Support Forum\n * Online Events\n * Eating Disorder Support Groups\n * Recovery Tips & Self-Help\n * Inspirational Stories\n * Spirituality\n * Eating Disorder Recovery Books\n * Non-Profits & Additional Resources\n * Calendar of Events & Conferences\n * EDHope’s Programs\n\n * Seal of Excellence\n * College Hope\n * Hope Club For Professionals\n * Pro-Recovery Movement\n * Career Center\n * Eating Disorder Professional Resources\n * About Us\n\n * Contact Us\n * Newsletter Sign Up\n * Eating Disorder Hope Sponsors\n * Honorary Patrons of Eating Disorder Hope\n * Recognitions & Awards\n * Media & Press\n * Testimonials\n * Advertise With Us\n * Website Policies & Terms\n * Blogs & Vlogs\n\n * Eating Disorder VLOG\n * Eating Disorder Blog\n * Search\n * Menu\n\nMarch 26, 2016\n\n# Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Signs and Symptoms\n\nTweet\n\nContributor: Crystal Karges, MS, RDN, IBCLC, Special Projects Coordinator at\nEating Disorder Hope/Addiction Hope\n\nWith the more well-known eating disorders gaining headlines in the mainstream,\nit can be easy to forget that there are several other eating and feeding\ndisorders outside of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating\ndisorder. Regardless of what the disorder itself is, individuals who struggle\nwith these types of diseases typically face enormous challenges in their daily\nlives and require professional help for overcoming and finding recovery.\n\n## A Closer Look at Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder\n\nPerhaps one of the lesser-known feeding disorders is Avoidant Restrictive Food\nIntake Disorder, or ARFID. This selective eating disorder was previously\nclassified as “Feeding Disorder of Infancy or Early Childhood” and recently\nchanged in the the most updated revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical\nManual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).\n\nPreviously, this condition was thought to be something that exclusively\ndeveloped in children and adolescents; however, ARFID has broadened the\ndefining criteria of this condition to also include adults who limited their\neating and may also be impacted by a related psychological and/or\nphysiological issue.\n\nARFID is defined by the following criteria according to the DSM-5 [1]:\n\n * Disturbance in feeding and/or eating patterns as evidenced by dependence on external feeding sources (such as a feeding tube or dietary supplements), significant weight loss or the absence of expected growth/gain in children, the presence of nutritional deficiencies, and/or significant psychosocial interferences.\n * Disturbances in feeding and/or eating patterns that are not related to unavailability of food or cultural norms\n * Disturbances in feeding and/or eating patterns that are not related to anorexia or bulimia nervosa\n * Disturbances in feeding and/or eating patterns that are not explainable by another mental disorder or medical condition\n\n## Signs and Symptoms of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder\n\nUnderstanding the criteria for ARFID may be helpful, but what might this\nactually look like in a person who is presenting with this eating disorder?\nTypically, in individuals with ARFID, whether child, adolescent or adult,\nthere is a inability to eat certain foods, which is characteristic of this\ndisorder.\n\nThis may be due to a particular taste, smell, texture, color, or temperature\nof the food, and sufferers may avoid certain food types or entire food groups,\nsuch as meats, fruits, and/or vegetables. Some individuals with ARFID may\nexperience such adverse reactions to foods that gastrointestinal upsets are\ntriggered, such as gagging, choking, or vomiting.\n\nOn the outside, ARFID may appear a case of picky eating, where individuals\navoid particular foods and food groups. However, with ARFID, there is often a\ncomorbidity, meaning that other mental or developmental disorders may develop\nalongside this eating disorder. Research has found that an estimated eighty\npercent of children with developmental disabilities also have some form of a\nfeeding disorder [2].\n\nARFID is not necessarily recognizable by physical manifestations, as\nindividuals who struggle with ARFID are usually of normal body weight. Because\nof the complex criteria and factors involved with ARFID, it is important to\nseek out professional diagnosis and assessment.\n\n## Treatment Options For ARFID\n\nComprehensive treatment for ARFID is important, particularly if another\ndisorder is present, such as autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder, an anxiety\ndisorder, or so forth. Many forms of therapy can be effective in helping\nindividuals overcome anxiety associated with certain foods or the eating\nexperience in general.\n\nWorking with a registered dietitian as part of treatment and alongside a\ntherapist can also be helpful in addressing nutrient deficiencies and for meal\nplanning purposes. Medication management may also be appropriate in some cases\nfor treatment as well.\n\nIf you or someone you care for is dealing with ARFID, be sure to seek out the\ncare of a specialist who can help address the complexity of issues involved\nwith this eating disorder. Recovery is possible with appropriate treatment and\ncare.\n\n## Community Discussion – Share your thoughts here!\n\nIf you or a loved one has suffered with ARFID, what treatment resources were\nhelpful for your recovery process? What resources might you recommend for\nothers going through this process?\n\nAbout the Author: Crystal is a Masters-level Registered Dietitian Nutritionist\n(RDN) with a specialty focus in eating disorders, maternal/child health and\nwellness, and intuitive eating. Combining clinical experience with a love of\nsocial media and writing, Crystal serves as the Special Projects Coordinator\nfor Eating Disorder Hope/Addiction Hope, where her passion to help others find\nrecovery and healing is integrated into each part of her work.\n\nAs a Certified Intuitive Eating Counselor, Crystal has dedicated her career to\nhelping others establish a healthy relationship with food and body through her\nwork with EDH/AH and nutrition private practice.\n\nReferences:\n\n[1]: American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Highlights of Changes from DSM-\nIV-TR to DSM-5 [2]: Chatoor,I., Hamburger, E., Fullard, R., & Fivera, Y.\n(1994). A survey of picky eating and pica behaviors in toddlers. Scientific\nProceedings of the Annual Meeting of American Academy of Child and Adolescent\nPsychiatry, 10′, 50.\n\nThe opinions and views of our guest contributors are shared to provide a broad\nperspective of eating disorders. These are not necessarily the views of Eating\nDisorder Hope, but an effort to offer discussion of various issues by\ndifferent concerned individuals.\n\nWe at Eating Disorder Hope understand that eating disorders result from a\ncombination of environmental and genetic factors. If you or a loved one are\nsuffering from an eating disorder, please know that there is hope for you, and\nseek immediate professional help.\n\nLast Updated & Reviewed By: Jacquelyn Ekern, MS, LPC on March 23, 2016\nPublished on EatingDisorderHope.com\n\nShare our content:\n\nPrevious post: Assuming Conservatorship for a Family Member Who Needs\nTreatment for Anorexia\n\nNext post: Common Feeding Disorders in Pediatric Patients\n\n### Search Eating Disorder Hope\n\n * ### Search Eating Disorder Hope\n\n * ### Eating Disorder News & Events\n\n#### Join Eating Disorder Hope today!\n\nBecome a Founding Member of Eating Disorder Hope today for exclusive access to\nonline support groups, private forums, our First Annual Online Recovery\nConference, and more!\n\nInformation\n\n#### Attend our Webinar Presentations and Interviews\n\nJoin us on August 3rd at 9:00 PM EST for a Webinar on “Addressing Medical &\nPsychological Complications of Eating Disorders\" with special guest - Dr.\nMargherita Mascolo & Dr. Gillian Lashen.\n\nInformation\n\n#### Check Out Our Twitter Chat!\n\nJoin us on August 7th at 9:00 PM EST for a Twitter Chat on \"How to Know When\n‘Healthy Eating’ Turns into Orthorexia\" with special guest - Melainie Rogers,\nMS, RDN, CDN, CEDRD.\n\nInformation\n\n * ### Newsletter\n\nNewsletter Sign-Up\n\n * ### Healthline Award\n\n * ### Digital Health Award\n\n#### Resources\n\n * Our Mission\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Advertise with Us\n * Sitemap\n\n#### About Eating Disorder Hope\n\nEating Disorder Hope promotes ending eating disordered behavior, embracing\nlife and pursuing recovery. Our mission is to foster appreciation of one's\nuniqueness and value in the world, unrelated to appearance, achievement or\napplause.\n\nEating Disorder Hope Affiliations & Partners\n\n * NEDA\n * IAEDP\n * EDC\n\nCopyright ©2005-2017 EDH All rights reserved.\n\nMEDICAL ADVICE DISCLAIMER: The service, and any information contained on the\nwebsite or provided through the service, is provided for informational\npurposes only. The information contained on or provided through this service\nis intended for general consumer understanding and education and not as a\nsubstitute for medical or psychological advice, diagnosis, or treatment. All\ninformation provided on the website is presented as is without any warranty of\nany kind, and expressly excludes any warranty of merchantability or fitness\nfor a particular purpose.\n\n * Education & Awareness\n\n▼\n\n * Eating Disorders\n * Anorexia\n * Bulimia\n * Binge Eating\n * Weight & Body Image\n * Excessive Exercise & Nutrition\n * Addictions & Eating Disorders\n * Eating Disorder Statistics\n * Eating Disorder Research, Studies, and Tests\n * Eating Disorders in Men\n * Eating Disorder Treatment Centers\n\n▼\n\n * Featured Eating Disorder Treatment Centers\n * Eating Disorder Treatment Centers by State\n * Eating Disorder Treatment\n\n▼\n\n * Eating Disorder Therapists Directory\n * Therapy & Treatment Types\n * Weight Management & Obesity\n * Co-Occurring Disorders\n * Special Treatment Issues\n * Family Involvement\n * Speaker’s Bureau\n * International Treatment Help\n * Get Help Now\n * Recovery Tools & Support\n\n▼\n\n * Become an EDH Member\n * Support Forum\n * Online Events\n * Eating Disorder Support Groups\n * Recovery Tips & Self-Help\n * Inspirational Stories\n * Spirituality\n * Eating Disorder Recovery Books\n * Non-Profits & Additional Resources\n * Calendar of Events & Conferences\n * EDHope’s Programs\n\n▼\n\n * Seal of Excellence\n * College Hope\n * Hope Club For Professionals\n * Pro-Recovery Movement\n * Career Center\n * Eating Disorder Professional Resources\n * About Us\n\n▼\n\n * Contact Us\n * Newsletter Sign Up\n * Eating Disorder Hope Sponsors\n * Honorary Patrons of Eating Disorder Hope\n * Recognitions & Awards\n * Media & Press\n * Testimonials\n * Advertise With Us\n * Website Policies & Terms\n * Blogs & Vlogs\n\n▼\n\n * Eating Disorder VLOG\n * Eating Disorder Blog\n * Search\n * Menu\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.seriouseats.com/2014/09/picky-eaters-how-to-help-kids-who-wont-eat-advice.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201202040447/https://www.seriouseats.com/2014/09/picky-eaters-how-to-help-kids-who-wont-eat-advice.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "The Picky Eater Challenge: Helping Kids (and Adults!) Try New Foods Without Tricks", "passages": [ "My mother calls this 'Grandma's revenge': I drove her crazy with my picky eating as a child, and now I'm raising a picky eater of my own. Lucia is just shy of five, and we're at our favorite pizzeria, Philadelphia's Pizza Brain, where my daughter loves the plain \"Jane\" slice—minus the basil leaves. She's not sure about the oregano either. I remember inspecting my food for green specks just the way she does.", "It took me until my twenties to recover from picky eating, so I have to wonder: is she doomed to the same fate? What can we as parents do to expand the culinary horizons of a person who only eats about five foods? It's normal for preschoolers to be picky, and our pediatrician's advice is not to push: as long as she's eating, she'll be fine. She'll grow out of it. Medically, experts agree that this sort of picky eating isn't a huge problem; socially, though, it can get awkward as children grow older. I remember dreading meals at friends' houses, where the food might be unfamiliar, and my mother loves to tell the story of me eating a peanut butter sandwich at Thanksgiving dinner. Can we at least spare my daughter that?", "A lot of the expert advice on picky eating focuses on the cutesy—using fun and whimsical presentations to charm kids into trying new things—but my experience is that kids see right through those strategies and find them insulting. If the texture and flavor of bananas is so off-putting that you don't even want to touch them, making that banana the mouth of a smiley face isn't going to change that. \"Sneaky\" strategies like those in Missy Chase Lapine's The Sneaky Chef and Jessica Seinfeld's Deceptively Delicious call for hiding fruit and vegetable purees in other foods. This works sometimes (Lapine's blueberry- spinach puree works well in brownies), but often it's much too obvious—especially if your kid is naturally suspicious of green flecks. Hiding ingredients can also affect the taste of a dish, which can backfire by making kids suspicious of the few dishes they actually like. Picky eating often arises from sensory processing issues—flavor, texture, and smell can be overwhelming for some kids, for people on the autism spectrum, and for many others as well. (For those with severe sensory problems, the Sensory Processing Disorder Foundation offers some great resources.)", "Neuroscientist Jay Gottfried points out that strong aversions to certain smells and tastes helped early humans avoid poisons and other dangers. \"When we taste a food, the brain searches its memory to find a pattern from past experience that the flavor belongs to. Then it uses that pattern to create a perception of flavor, including an evaluation of its desirability... When your brain detects a potential threat, it narrows your attention. You don't need to know that a dangerous food has a hint of asparagus and sorrel to it. You just get it away from your mouth.\" Training our brains to recognize new flavors and smells requires multiple exposures, and proximity to familiar favorites helps make things safe by association.", "Most strategies for dealing with picky children involve making them feel safe: having regular routines, making the table a positive, happy place, and avoiding power struggles over food are all important, as parenting expert Elizabeth Pantley explains in The No-Cry Picky Eater Solution—a book I ordered in desperation after throwing yet another hot dog on the Foreman Grill. These ideas are also important for adults who want to overcome picky eating, as journalist and former chef Arun Gupta, who is writing a book on the social construction of taste, points out, noting that the need to feel motivated to learn to like an unfamiliar taste—for social, cultural, or other reasons—is one reason our palates don't always expand until we grow older. Simply put, adults feel more social pressure to try new foods. As a college student I expanded my own palate to impress a guy I was dating: I tried Indian food for the first time because I didn't want him to think I was a hick. (I was, but I loved the array of new flavors I tried on that date.)", "Ten years later, after I married that guy, I decided to give a second chance to a food I'd never liked: watermelon. I challenged Joe to create a dish that would make me like watermelon. Having been in charge of the kitchen for our many years together, he knew my food tastes almost better than I did, so he combined a few of my favorites to create a salty, crunchy, refreshing salad of sliced watermelon tossed with arugula, olive oil, citrus, and toasted nuts. It was delicious. This made me wonder what would happen if we tried something similar with our daughter. We know what she likes and what she won't touch with a ten-foot pole. Could we use that knowledge to steer her toward dishes she'll enjoy--and convince her to trust us enough to try them?", "This new-foods strategy works just as well on picky adults as it does on picky kids, though from different perspectives: adults are more likely to be motivated to overcome their distaste for specific foods on purpose, whereas children are often encountering foods for the first time or learning to master strong flavors. What I love about this strategy is that it respects the eater's boundaries while also empowering him or her to learn more about food and experiment a little.", "First, figure out what your eater enjoys. What kinds of flavors and textures appeal to her? What's his comfort zone? Does she go for big hits of umami? Gravitate toward crunchy things? Make a list of favorites—positive attributes only!", "Second, list the dealbreakers. Nothing green? Nothing with a bitter flavor? No chunky textures? Don't just list foods the eater doesn't like or doesn't want to try: think in terms of components that can ruin any dish. For me, a strong vinegar component is a dealbreaker: whether it's ketchup, sauerkraut, or collard greens, vinegar is a turnoff. If your eater has any allergies or food intolerances, put those on the dealbreaker list, too.", "Third, do your research. Now that you have your \"yes\" and \"no\" lists, the key is to find dishes that incorporate similar flavors to the ones they're already familiar with and present them with something that's just a little bit new. For example, my child's \"yes\" list includes breaded things (like chicken nuggets) and lemon flavor. Although she'll rarely consent to touch seafood, it's not a dealbreaker for her (unlike, say, green foods or bitter flavors). Coming up with possibilities can be fun: an outing to someplace with lots of different dishes on offer, like Philadelphia's Reading Terminal Market or Seattle's Pike Place Market, is a great way to check out new foods and see what might fit both lists. If that's too overwhelming for your eater, though, try one dish at a time.", "Focusing on the list of positives can give picky eaters a way to explore unfamiliar cuisines without forging into completely alien territory. Select a cuisine that incorporates what your picky eater loves and choose a restaurant or some recipes to try at home. Break things down by component: If your picky eater gravitates toward starchy, sweet things, try plantains instead of mashed potatoes. Since we knew that Lucia likes lemon and anything in nugget form, we ordered a soup served at a local sushi restaurant that pairs tempura scallops with a lemon-dashi broth. She loves it! It's just new enough. Loading up hummus with lots of extra lemon juice also turned a no into a yes. This involves some creativity, a little trust, and a lot of trial and error.", "Finally, involving the picky eater in preparing the dish can also be helpful. This isn't just about feeling ownership. Enlisting your picky eater in the cooking process empowers her to understand what goes into a dish. Even a simple understanding of the roles of fats, acids, and other components allows you to brainstorm together to find an acceptable alternative to dealbreaker ingredients by asking questions like What could we use instead of sour cream to make this dish more creamy? or What else besides cabbage could make this crunchy?", "My aversion to vinegar makes me avoid mayonnaise and any recipes made with it: just about all commercially prepared mayo is flavored with vinegar. Experimenting in the kitchen, however, revealed that substituting another acid makes all the difference for me. Whip up some homemade mayonnaise with lemon instead of vinegar as the acid component, and not only will you get a better, fresher mayo, you'll also bypass the aversion and introduce the picky eater to a range of foods that were previously out of bounds. (Egg salad sandwiches: They're delicious! Who knew?)", "This approach gives picky eaters the tools to start exploring food on their own, as well as making sense of new dishes they encounter. If the picky eater understands how to look for foods that fit their tastes, he or she can begin trying new things in a way that feels controlled and safe. Knowing what's in a dish can empower them to tweak it to fit their tastes: \"There's nothing I like at this restaurant\" becomes \"Can you leave the olives off?\" This process takes time, but a few successes can quickly lead to more interest in discovering new dishes and cuisines—and in time, once the not-quite-so-picky eater begins to see trying new foods as a worthwhile adventure, perhaps even challenging a few of those dealbreakers.", "When I began to write this article, I asked my daughter Lucia to let me take her picture while she tried some new foods. First we took her to brunch, where she bravely tried something breaded: a fried green tomato. (\"I like the bread part, but the tomato is OK too.\") She loves fruit, so we took her to a local Asian market to select some kiwi and dragonfruit, talk to the live fish in the seafood section, and poke around the colorful displays.", "She was skeptical of the kiwi—\"Is that a potato?\"—but the bright pink exterior of the dragonfruit lured her in. Despite some trepidation (\"I don't like green things, and these have seeds!\") she tried and enjoyed both, and we sent her to preschool the next morning with kiwi slices in her lunch box. Is she cured of picky eating? Not by a long shot. But she is feeling braver about trying the foods her parents think she'll like and proud of herself for having conquered something new. It's a small victory: the first, I hope, of many.", "All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.", "Sarah Grey is a freelance writer and editor at Grey Editing in Philadelphia. She grew up in the Pittsburgh area and still puts french fries on her sandwiches. She spends most of her time writing and editing books about everything from linguistics to labor movements, and is especially interested in the sociology of food. When she's not working, she enjoys hosting weekly meatball dinners, exploring far-flung corners of Philadelphia, and introducing her picky four-year-old to new culinary delights.", "Post whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We reserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on our Terms of Use page.", "Cutting a turkey into parts is the easiest way to make sure that both the breast and the leg meat come out cooked evenly and to the correct temperature." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Picky Eater Challenge: Helping Kids (and Adults!) Try New Foods Without\nTricks | Serious Eats\n\n# The Picky Eater Challenge: Helping Kids (and Adults!) Try New Foods Without\nTricks\n\nSarah Grey\n\n30 Printer-Friendly Version\n\nPublished: September 16, 2014 Last Updated: August 10, 2018\n\nThe author's daughter, Lucia, eyes some new fruits. [Photograph: Sarah Grey]\n\n\"Mommy, can you take the leaves off?\"\n\nMy mother calls this 'Grandma's revenge': I drove her crazy with my picky\neating as a child, and now I'm raising a picky eater of my own. Lucia is just\nshy of five, and we're at our favorite pizzeria, Philadelphia's Pizza Brain,\nwhere my daughter loves the plain \"Jane\" slice—minus the basil leaves. She's\nnot sure about the oregano either. I remember inspecting my food for green\nspecks just the way she does.\n\nIt took me until my twenties to recover from picky eating, so I have to\nwonder: is she doomed to the same fate? What can we as parents do to expand\nthe culinary horizons of a person who only eats about five foods? It's normal\nfor preschoolers to be picky, and our pediatrician's advice is not to push: as\nlong as she's eating, she'll be fine. She'll grow out of it. Medically,\nexperts agree that this sort of picky eating isn't a huge problem; socially,\nthough, it can get awkward as children grow older. I remember dreading meals\nat friends' houses, where the food might be unfamiliar, and my mother loves to\ntell the story of me eating a peanut butter sandwich at Thanksgiving dinner.\nCan we at least spare my daughter that?\n\nA lot of the expert advice on picky eating focuses on the cutesy—using fun and\nwhimsical presentations to charm kids into trying new things—but my experience\nis that kids see right through those strategies and find them insulting. If\nthe texture and flavor of bananas is so off-putting that you don't even want\nto touch them, making that banana the mouth of a smiley face isn't going to\nchange that. \"Sneaky\" strategies like those in Missy Chase Lapine's The Sneaky\nChef and Jessica Seinfeld's Deceptively Delicious call for hiding fruit and\nvegetable purees in other foods. This works sometimes (Lapine's blueberry-\nspinach puree works well in brownies), but often it's much too\nobvious—especially if your kid is naturally suspicious of green flecks. Hiding\ningredients can also affect the taste of a dish, which can backfire by making\nkids suspicious of the few dishes they actually like. Picky eating often\narises from sensory processing issues—flavor, texture, and smell can be\noverwhelming for some kids, for people on the autism spectrum, and for many\nothers as well. (For those with severe sensory problems, the Sensory\nProcessing Disorder Foundation offers some great resources.)\n\nNeuroscientist Jay Gottfried points out that strong aversions to certain\nsmells and tastes helped early humans avoid poisons and other dangers. \"When\nwe taste a food, the brain searches its memory to find a pattern from past\nexperience that the flavor belongs to. Then it uses that pattern to create a\nperception of flavor, including an evaluation of its desirability... When your\nbrain detects a potential threat, it narrows your attention. You don't need to\nknow that a dangerous food has a hint of asparagus and sorrel to it. You just\nget it away from your mouth.\" Training our brains to recognize new flavors and\nsmells requires multiple exposures, and proximity to familiar favorites helps\nmake things safe by association.\n\n[Photograph: Shutterstock]\n\n## What's New On Serious Eats\n\nMost strategies for dealing with picky children involve making them feel safe:\nhaving regular routines, making the table a positive, happy place, and\navoiding power struggles over food are all important, as parenting expert\nElizabeth Pantley explains in The No-Cry Picky Eater Solution—a book I ordered\nin desperation after throwing yet another hot dog on the Foreman Grill. These\nideas are also important for adults who want to overcome picky eating, as\njournalist and former chef Arun Gupta, who is writing a book on the social\nconstruction of taste, points out, noting that the need to feel motivated to\nlearn to like an unfamiliar taste—for social, cultural, or other reasons—is\none reason our palates don't always expand until we grow older. Simply put,\nadults feel more social pressure to try new foods. As a college student I\nexpanded my own palate to impress a guy I was dating: I tried Indian food for\nthe first time because I didn't want him to think I was a hick. (I was, but I\nloved the array of new flavors I tried on that date.)\n\nTen years later, after I married that guy, I decided to give a second chance\nto a food I'd never liked: watermelon. I challenged Joe to create a dish that\nwould make me like watermelon. Having been in charge of the kitchen for our\nmany years together, he knew my food tastes almost better than I did, so he\ncombined a few of my favorites to create a salty, crunchy, refreshing salad of\nsliced watermelon tossed with arugula, olive oil, citrus, and toasted nuts. It\nwas delicious. This made me wonder what would happen if we tried something\nsimilar with our daughter. We know what she likes and what she won't touch\nwith a ten-foot pole. Could we use that knowledge to steer her toward dishes\nshe'll enjoy--and convince her to trust us enough to try them?\n\n#### Trying New Foods Without Fear: A Four-Step Approach\n\n[Photograph: Shutterstock]\n\nThis new-foods strategy works just as well on picky adults as it does on picky\nkids, though from different perspectives: adults are more likely to be\nmotivated to overcome their distaste for specific foods on purpose, whereas\nchildren are often encountering foods for the first time or learning to master\nstrong flavors. What I love about this strategy is that it respects the\neater's boundaries while also empowering him or her to learn more about food\nand experiment a little.\n\nHere's how to go about it:\n\nFirst, figure out what your eater enjoys. What kinds of flavors and textures\nappeal to her? What's his comfort zone? Does she go for big hits of umami?\nGravitate toward crunchy things? Make a list of favorites—positive attributes\nonly!\n\nSecond, list the dealbreakers. Nothing green? Nothing with a bitter flavor? No\nchunky textures? Don't just list foods the eater doesn't like or doesn't want\nto try: think in terms of components that can ruin any dish. For me, a strong\nvinegar component is a dealbreaker: whether it's ketchup, sauerkraut, or\ncollard greens, vinegar is a turnoff. If your eater has any allergies or food\nintolerances, put those on the dealbreaker list, too.\n\nThird, do your research. Now that you have your \"yes\" and \"no\" lists, the key\nis to find dishes that incorporate similar flavors to the ones they're already\nfamiliar with and present them with something that's just a little bit new.\nFor example, my child's \"yes\" list includes breaded things (like chicken\nnuggets) and lemon flavor. Although she'll rarely consent to touch seafood,\nit's not a dealbreaker for her (unlike, say, green foods or bitter flavors).\nComing up with possibilities can be fun: an outing to someplace with lots of\ndifferent dishes on offer, like Philadelphia's Reading Terminal Market or\nSeattle's Pike Place Market, is a great way to check out new foods and see\nwhat might fit both lists. If that's too overwhelming for your eater, though,\ntry one dish at a time.\n\nFocusing on the list of positives can give picky eaters a way to explore\nunfamiliar cuisines without forging into completely alien territory. Select a\ncuisine that incorporates what your picky eater loves and choose a restaurant\nor some recipes to try at home. Break things down by component: If your picky\neater gravitates toward starchy, sweet things, try plantains instead of mashed\npotatoes. Since we knew that Lucia likes lemon and anything in nugget form, we\nordered a soup served at a local sushi restaurant that pairs tempura scallops\nwith a lemon-dashi broth. She loves it! It's just new enough. Loading up\nhummus with lots of extra lemon juice also turned a no into a yes. This\ninvolves some creativity, a little trust, and a lot of trial and error.\n\nFinally, involving the picky eater in preparing the dish can also be helpful.\nThis isn't just about feeling ownership. Enlisting your picky eater in the\ncooking process empowers her to understand what goes into a dish. Even a\nsimple understanding of the roles of fats, acids, and other components allows\nyou to brainstorm together to find an acceptable alternative to dealbreaker\ningredients by asking questions like What could we use instead of sour cream\nto make this dish more creamy? or What else besides cabbage could make this\ncrunchy?\n\nMy aversion to vinegar makes me avoid mayonnaise and any recipes made with it:\njust about all commercially prepared mayo is flavored with vinegar.\nExperimenting in the kitchen, however, revealed that substituting another acid\nmakes all the difference for me. Whip up some homemade mayonnaise with lemon\ninstead of vinegar as the acid component, and not only will you get a better,\nfresher mayo, you'll also bypass the aversion and introduce the picky eater to\na range of foods that were previously out of bounds. (Egg salad sandwiches:\nThey're delicious! Who knew?)\n\n[Photograph: Shutterstock]\n\nThis approach gives picky eaters the tools to start exploring food on their\nown, as well as making sense of new dishes they encounter. If the picky eater\nunderstands how to look for foods that fit their tastes, he or she can begin\ntrying new things in a way that feels controlled and safe. Knowing what's in a\ndish can empower them to tweak it to fit their tastes: \"There's nothing I like\nat this restaurant\" becomes \"Can you leave the olives off?\" This process takes\ntime, but a few successes can quickly lead to more interest in discovering new\ndishes and cuisines—and in time, once the not-quite-so-picky eater begins to\nsee trying new foods as a worthwhile adventure, perhaps even challenging a few\nof those dealbreakers.\n\nWhen I began to write this article, I asked my daughter Lucia to let me take\nher picture while she tried some new foods. First we took her to brunch, where\nshe bravely tried something breaded: a fried green tomato. (\"I like the bread\npart, but the tomato is OK too.\") She loves fruit, so we took her to a local\nAsian market to select some kiwi and dragonfruit, talk to the live fish in the\nseafood section, and poke around the colorful displays.\n\nShe was skeptical of the kiwi—\"Is that a potato?\"—but the bright pink exterior\nof the dragonfruit lured her in. Despite some trepidation (\"I don't like green\nthings, and these have seeds!\") she tried and enjoyed both, and we sent her to\npreschool the next morning with kiwi slices in her lunch box. Is she cured of\npicky eating? Not by a long shot. But she is feeling braver about trying the\nfoods her parents think she'll like and proud of herself for having conquered\nsomething new. It's a small victory: the first, I hope, of many.\n\nAll products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We\nmay earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.\n\nSarah Grey Meatball Maven\n\n * Profile\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Contact\n\nSarah Grey is a freelance writer and editor at Grey Editing in Philadelphia.\nShe grew up in the Pittsburgh area and still puts french fries on her\nsandwiches. She spends most of her time writing and editing books about\neverything from linguistics to labor movements, and is especially interested\nin the sociology of food. When she's not working, she enjoys hosting weekly\nmeatball dinners, exploring far-flung corners of Philadelphia, and introducing\nher picky four-year-old to new culinary delights.\n\n30 Printer-Friendly Version\n\n###### Tags\n\n * kid\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\nSign In or Register\n\nShow 30 Comments\n\n##### Comments\n\n### Hello Eater!\n\nWant to comment? Sign In or Register\n\n##### ADD A COMMENT\n\n##### PREVIEW YOUR COMMENT\n\n##### HTML Hints\n\nSome HTML is OK: <a href=\"URL\">link</a>, <strong>strong</strong>, <em>em</em>\n\n##### Comment Guidelines\n\nPost whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We\nreserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on\nour Terms of Use page.\n\nIf you see something not so nice, please, report an inappropriate comment.\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\n## Popular Recipes\n\nBaking\n\n#### Old-Fashioned Flaky Pie Crust\n\nThis easy pie dough recipe doesn't require special equipment or training.\n\nStella Parks\n\nChristmas\n\n#### Herb-Roasted Turkey Breast and Stuffing (Thanksgiving for a Small Crowd)\n\nPerfectly juicy, crisp-skinned white meat and stuffing with all the flavor,\nsized to feed a smaller gathering.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nPies\n\n#### Easy Pie Dough\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nChristmas\n\n#### Roast Turkey in Parts\n\nCutting a turkey into parts is the easiest way to make sure that both the\nbreast and the leg meat come out cooked evenly and to the correct temperature.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nSubscribe to our newsletter to get the latest recipes and tips!\n\nSerious Eats\n\n * Latest\n * Masthead\n * Contact\n * Newsletter\n * About\n * Advertise\n * Jobs\n * Sitemap\n * FAQ\n\nFollow Us\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * © 2020 Serious Eats Inc., by Dotdash\n\n#### Welcome! Please sign in.\n\n" } ]
13,178
How To Build a Skateboard Ramp
To build a skateboard ramp, you’ll need screws, plywood, and a top layer like Masonite or Skatelite. Power tools aren’t necessary but will make the process much easier. Measure the space where you want the ramp to go so you know how big to make it. A small ramp is great for beginners, but a standard ramp with 10-foot transitions and a small staircase will be more useful in the long term. Building your ramp involves cutting out the sides and back from plywood, then screwing slats on top to support the main plywood surface. Finish the surface with a top layer like Skatelite to waterproof the ramp. Alternatively, use Masonite and finish it with water-resistant paint.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20190514152654/http://www.diyskate.com:80/launch_01.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210301011302/https://www.ocramps.com/ramp-plans/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111194241/http://pickadirection.com/measure-twice-but-cut-once/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190514223005/http://diyskate.com:80/bank_01.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171001224302/http://www.homedepot.com:80/c/discover_benefit_pressure_treated_wood_HT_BG_LC", "http://web.archive.org/web/20191021164309/http://www.dansworld.com:80/ramp_faq.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150908090627/https://wiki.artisansasylum.com/index.php/Basic_woodshop_safety_rules", "http://web.archive.org/web/20191118034412/http://www.dansworld.com:80/faq.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190514182000/http://www.diyskate.com:80/ramps.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210302150001/https://www.woodworkweb.com/woodwork-topics/woodworking-safety/262-the-10-safety-rules-every-woodworker-needs-to-know.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512112842/https://www.xtremeskater.com/ramp-plans/faqs/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20190514193555/http://www.diyskate.com:80/info_wood.html" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.diyskate.com:80/launch_01.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190514152654/http://www.diyskate.com:80/launch_01.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Launch Ramp • DIYskate.com", "passages": [ "♠ 1 - 4×8, 3/4\" plywood ♠ 1 - 4×8, 3/8\" plywood ♠ 1 - 4×8, 1/4\" masonite ♠ 4 - 2×4's, 8' long ♠ 1 - 1lb box of 1 5/8\" screws ♠ 1 - 1lb box of 2 1/2\" screws ♠ 1 - 1' × 2'-6, 3/16\" steel | Tools needed", "♠ Tape Measure & Pencil ♠ Circular or jig saw ♠ Drill w/ philips bit ♠ Assorted drill bits ♠ Combination Square", "I remember almost killing myself on one of these when I was about 16. Now don't let my stupidity keep you from learning how to make a launch ramp. Launch ramps are too fun to pass up.", "For those who don't know, launch ramps are quarter pipes without a deck or coping and you use them to \"launch\" you. They're also good for a make shift wall ride behind your local supermarket.", "As with all structures here on DIYskate, you can build this launch ramp any size you want. However, for the material list to be accurate you will need to follow the plans as listed below.", "The wood and hardware can be found at most home improvement stores. Sometimes you can find the steel there as well, I know my local Home Depot carries the coping and threshold material.", "If not, you can search the internet for steel fabricators or salvage steel. Personally, I've begun buying my steel from MetalsDepot.com because of their very quick shipping and good prices. I'm not affiliated with them in any way, I just like them and their product.", "If this ramp is going to stay outside, it needs to be protected from the elements. A good place to start is with pressure treated lumber, paint and a tarp. You may want to invest in a composite material for the surface too. Such as Skate Lite or Ramp Armor.", "Be extra careful when working with treated lumber though, the chemicals used to treat the wood contain a poisonous pesticide.", "Start by cutting ten 2×4's to 2'-4 1/2. You should get three out of each 8' long 2×4. Set them aside. Below is a cut list referencing what else you will need and it's size.", "Qty.| Type| Size 2| •| 3/4\" Ply| Sides (See Image) 1| •| 3/8\" Ply| 1'-5 3/8 × 2'-6 1| •| 3/8\" Ply| 1'-4 1/4 × 2'-6 2| •| 3/8\" Ply| 2'-6 × 4'-0 1| •| 1/4\" Masonite| 2'-6 × 4'-6 3/4 | Steel", "Start by attaching the bottom, top and front 2×4's to the sides with a couple of screws on each end.", "You will also want to double up the 2×4's as shown. This is where the 3/8\" plywood seam will meet and the double 2×4's allow a larger surface area for attaching the two sheets.", "Cut the 3/8\" according to the cut list below. By following this cut list illustration and by making the launch ramp at 2'-6 in width allows you to get away with only one 3/8\" sheet of plywood.", "Take the 1'-4 1/4 × 2'-6 sheet of 3/8\" and attach it to the framed launch, starting at the top. You want to screw from the top down placing a screw every 8\" or so making sure you screw into the 2×4's.", "Next, take the 4'-0 × 2'-6 sheet of 3/8\" and push it flush against the previous 3/8\" sheet to finish the bottom layer. Again screw from the top down, placing the screws about 8\" apart.", "Next take the other 4'-0 × 2'-6 sheet of 3/8\" plywood, and screw it in place starting at the top.", "Now lay a 2'-6 × 4'-6 3/4 sheet of masonite on top of the 3/8\" ply surface. Unlike the 3/8\", you'll need to countersink the masonite with a 3/8\" drill bit or a countersink bit.", "Then, just like the screws in the previous plys, you want to start at the top and work your way down.", "Last, attach the 1'-0 wide × 2'-6 × 3/16\" thick sheet metal to the launch. Drill three, 3/16\" evenly spaced holes then countersink the screw locations with a 3/8\" drill bit.", "After the holes are drilled, countersink each by using the 3/8\" drill bit or countersink bit to ensure the screw heads are flush with the steel. You will need shorter screws here too, about 1 1/2\" will do. Make certain you hit the 2×4's underneath as well.", "That's it! That's how to make a launch ramp that's fun to skate and will last. Put on your Jimmy-Z shorts and your neon pink Quicksilver shirt and learn backside 360 early grabs! Good luck!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Launch Ramp • DIYskate.com\n\nLaunch Ramp\n\n * DIY Home\n * DIY Ramps\n * DIY Skateboard\n * DIY Glossary\n * DIY Gallery\n * DIY Store\n * DIY Map\n * Advertise\n * Contact\n * Donate\n\n#### Latest pages:\n\nChicago Barrier Alright, I have a buddy named Kevin...\n\nRead more...\n\nGrind Ledge A skateboard grind ledge is easy to build and...\n\nRead more...\n\nFun Box This funbox is 1'-6 tall, 4ft. wide and...\n\nRead more...\n\n#### Last Update:\n\nJanuary 3, 2016\n\n| Approximate Cost: $100 \n--- \nEasy | | | | | Difficult \n| Materials needed \n--- \n♠ 1 - 4×8, 3/4\" plywood ♠ 1 - 4×8, 3/8\" plywood ♠ 1 - 4×8, 1/4\" masonite ♠ 4 -\n2×4's, 8' long ♠ 1 - 1lb box of 1 5/8\" screws ♠ 1 - 1lb box of 2 1/2\" screws ♠\n1 - 1' × 2'-6, 3/16\" steel \n| Tools needed \n--- \n♠ Tape Measure & Pencil ♠ Circular or jig saw ♠ Drill w/ philips bit ♠\nAssorted drill bits ♠ Combination Square \n \n## How to make a Launch Ramp\n\nI remember almost killing myself on one of these when I was about 16. Now\ndon't let my stupidity keep you from learning how to make a launch ramp.\nLaunch ramps are too fun to pass up.\n\nFor those who don't know, launch ramps are quarter pipes without a deck or\ncoping and you use them to \"launch\" you. They're also good for a make shift\nwall ride behind your local supermarket.\n\nRegardless, this launch ramp is 6' long × 2'-6 wide × 2'-6 tall.\n\nAs with all structures here on DIYskate, you can build this launch ramp any\nsize you want. However, for the material list to be accurate you will need to\nfollow the plans as listed below.\n\n## Where to get your Supplies\n\nThe wood and hardware can be found at most home improvement stores. Sometimes\nyou can find the steel there as well, I know my local Home Depot carries the\ncoping and threshold material.\n\nIf not, you can search the internet for steel fabricators or salvage steel.\nPersonally, I've begun buying my steel from MetalsDepot.com because of their\nvery quick shipping and good prices. I'm not affiliated with them in any way,\nI just like them and their product.\n\nIf this ramp is going to stay outside, it needs to be protected from the\nelements. A good place to start is with pressure treated lumber, paint and a\ntarp. You may want to invest in a composite material for the surface too. Such\nas Skate Lite or Ramp Armor.\n\nBe extra careful when working with treated lumber though, the chemicals used\nto treat the wood contain a poisonous pesticide.\n\n### Lumber cut list\n\nStart by cutting ten 2×4's to 2'-4 1/2. You should get three out of each 8'\nlong 2×4. Set them aside. Below is a cut list referencing what else you will\nneed and it's size.\n\nMaterial Cut List \n--- \n| Lumber \n--- \nQty.| Type| Size \n10| •| 2×4| 2'-4 1/2 \n| Plywood \n--- \nQty.| Type| Size \n2| •| 3/4\" Ply| Sides (See Image) \n1| •| 3/8\" Ply| 1'-5 3/8 × 2'-6 \n1| •| 3/8\" Ply| 1'-4 1/4 × 2'-6 \n2| •| 3/8\" Ply| 2'-6 × 4'-0 \n1| •| 1/4\" Masonite| 2'-6 × 4'-6 3/4 \n| Steel \n--- \nQty.| Type| Size \n1| •| 3/16\" Plate| 1'-0 × 2'-6 \n \n### 3/4\" Plywood cutting diagram\n\nUsing a 2×4 with a screw and pencil as your compass, clearly draw the radius\non the 3/4\" plywood.\n\nAfter the radius has been drawn, carefully cut along the line using a jigsaw.\n\nOnce cut, use this side as your template to draw and cut the other side. Both\nsides are identical.\n\n### Build it\n\nStart by attaching the bottom, top and front 2×4's to the sides with a couple\nof screws on each end.\n\nIt helps if you can get a friend to give you a hand here.\n\n### Framing the sides\n\nNow attach the remaining seven 2×4's spacing them 8\" apart, on center except\nwhere noted below.\n\nYou will also want to double up the 2×4's as shown. This is where the 3/8\"\nplywood seam will meet and the double 2×4's allow a larger surface area for\nattaching the two sheets.\n\n### 3/8\" Plywood cut list\n\nCut the 3/8\" according to the cut list below. By following this cut list\nillustration and by making the launch ramp at 2'-6 in width allows you to get\naway with only one 3/8\" sheet of plywood.\n\n## Attach the plywood - Bottom layer\n\nTake the 1'-4 1/4 × 2'-6 sheet of 3/8\" and attach it to the framed launch,\nstarting at the top. You want to screw from the top down placing a screw every\n8\" or so making sure you screw into the 2×4's.\n\nNext, take the 4'-0 × 2'-6 sheet of 3/8\" and push it flush against the\nprevious 3/8\" sheet to finish the bottom layer. Again screw from the top down,\nplacing the screws about 8\" apart.\n\n## Attaching the plywood - Middle layer & Masonite\n\nNext take the other 4'-0 × 2'-6 sheet of 3/8\" plywood, and screw it in place\nstarting at the top.\n\nThen place the last 1'-5 3/8 × 2'-6 sheet of 3/8\" using the same screw pattern\nas before.\n\nNow lay a 2'-6 × 4'-6 3/4 sheet of masonite on top of the 3/8\" ply surface.\nUnlike the 3/8\", you'll need to countersink the masonite with a 3/8\" drill bit\nor a countersink bit.\n\nThen, just like the screws in the previous plys, you want to start at the top\nand work your way down.\n\n## Finish and Skate it\n\nLast, attach the 1'-0 wide × 2'-6 × 3/16\" thick sheet metal to the launch.\nDrill three, 3/16\" evenly spaced holes then countersink the screw locations\nwith a 3/8\" drill bit.\n\nAfter the holes are drilled, countersink each by using the 3/8\" drill bit or\ncountersink bit to ensure the screw heads are flush with the steel. You will\nneed shorter screws here too, about 1 1/2\" will do. Make certain you hit the\n2×4's underneath as well.\n\nThat's it! That's how to make a launch ramp that's fun to skate and will last.\nPut on your Jimmy-Z shorts and your neon pink Quicksilver shirt and learn\nbackside 360 early grabs! Good luck!\n\nHow To Make Ramps • How To Make Skateboards\n\n• •\n\n### Related Pages \n \n--- \n♠ Funbox & Ledge| ♠ 3ft Mini Ramp| ♠ Spine Ramp| ♠ Stair Ledge \n♠ Grind Rail| ♠ Ramp Foundations| ♠ Store| ♠ Donate \n \nLaunch Ramp • Copyright © 2007-2016 DIYskate.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.ocramps.com/ramp-plans/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210301011302/https://www.ocramps.com/ramp-plans/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ramp Plans, Mini, BMX, Skateboard, Quarter Pipe, Halfpipe", "passages": [ "The ease of our ramp plans (included free with each quarterpipe and halfpipe) are just that...easy. It is a no-brainer to build a skateboard ramp with our manual. Our ramp plans include photos and detailed instructions on how to install a skate ramp. All OC RAMPS quarterpipes and halfpipes will receive a copy of the ramp plans. Installation can take as few as 30 minutes up to several hours – depending on the size skate ramp.", "Several customers that have previously tried to build their own halfpipe with general ramp plans come to us to in frustration to purchase our easy do-it- yourself kits.", "There are two highly difficult parts to building your own ramp; the transitional slope of the ramp as well as the coping inlay. You do not want to spend all week and hundreds of dollars on building a half pipe with after- market ramp plans and realize the dimensions are too steep, too narrow, etc. Ramp plans can be sold online or in certain retail skate shops. But be careful, we constantly see plans that are being sold for $5-10 and appeared to be written by a seven year old. The ramp was basically held up by cinder blocks and sticks...Not recommended!", "Whether it’s halfpipe plans or quarterpipe plans, typical ramp plans do not always suggest using the best materials. Often times they recommend Masonite – a glorified cardboard that we highly disapprove of using. There are hundreds of different types of plywood sheets that can be used – but, again, general ramp plans are vague in explaining which plywoods are best to use. Ramp plans also require many tools to be used; miter saw, clamps, drill bits, jig saws, etc.", "Other ramp plans can be very unclear – and not give detailed explanations on how to install a certain piece or section. With all OC Skate RAMPS, our ramp plans are solid, detailed, photo-descriptive and simple. Our job is to make your ramp installation as easy as possible!", "Lastly, typical ramp plans do not recommend the best maintenance tips. Lets face it, whether the ramp is metal, plastic or wood – the ramp is going to need basic care. We’ve talked to many customers that were previously told to paint generic water sealant on the skateboard ramp to protect it from the weather. Bad idea. Soon after, the customer calls us to see if Skatepaint will fix their ramp. Skatepaint is a polyurethane paint that is specifically designed for wooden skateboard ramps.", "Apart from using Skatepaint on your ramp, another tip is the use of a plastic tarp. Cover the ramp when it is not in use especially during rain, snow, or other bad weather conditions. After a few years the ramp may need to be re- surfaced. This is normal for any ramp; vert, mini ramp, halfpipe or quarterpipe. The longevity of your skating surface depends a lot on the care you provide. Generally, after 2-3 years, most skaters pull the skating layer plywood off their ramp and replace with anew. Remember, coat the new surface with Skatepaint and use a plastic tarp! Not all ramp plans are alike. OC RAMP’S plans are thorough and have been used by thousands of customers all over the world. If we see several customers with the same question, our experienced staff of ramp builders will modify and update the ramp plans manual to make things crystal clear. Get your ramp today and have confidence in the easiest instructions manual on the market!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Ramp Plans, Mini, BMX, Skateboard, Quarter Pipe, Halfpipe\n\n### FREE US SHIPPING* Email for International Quote\n\n#### 0 items\n\n#### LIVE CHAT\n\n#### ACCOUNT\n\nCALL TODAY!\n\n### (888) 789-6272\n\n### FREE US SHIPPING* Email for International Quote\n\n#### CART\n\n#### LIVE CHAT\n\n#### ACCOUNT\n\nCALL TODAY!\n\n### (888) 789-6272\n\n# Ramp Plans, Mini, BMX, Skateboard, Quarter Pipe, Halfpipe\n\nThe ease of our ramp plans (included free with each quarterpipe and halfpipe)\nare just that...easy. It is a no-brainer to build a skateboard ramp with our\nmanual. Our ramp plans include photos and detailed instructions on how to\ninstall a skate ramp. All OC RAMPS quarterpipes and halfpipes will receive a\ncopy of the ramp plans. Installation can take as few as 30 minutes up to\nseveral hours – depending on the size skate ramp.\n\nSeveral customers that have previously tried to build their own halfpipe with\ngeneral ramp plans come to us to in frustration to purchase our easy do-it-\nyourself kits.\n\nThere are two highly difficult parts to building your own ramp; the\ntransitional slope of the ramp as well as the coping inlay. You do not want to\nspend all week and hundreds of dollars on building a half pipe with after-\nmarket ramp plans and realize the dimensions are too steep, too narrow, etc.\nRamp plans can be sold online or in certain retail skate shops. But be\ncareful, we constantly see plans that are being sold for $5-10 and appeared to\nbe written by a seven year old. The ramp was basically held up by cinder\nblocks and sticks...Not recommended!\n\nWhether it’s halfpipe plans or quarterpipe plans, typical ramp plans do not\nalways suggest using the best materials. Often times they recommend Masonite –\na glorified cardboard that we highly disapprove of using. There are hundreds\nof different types of plywood sheets that can be used – but, again, general\nramp plans are vague in explaining which plywoods are best to use. Ramp plans\nalso require many tools to be used; miter saw, clamps, drill bits, jig saws,\netc.\n\nOther ramp plans can be very unclear – and not give detailed explanations on\nhow to install a certain piece or section. With all OC Skate RAMPS, our ramp\nplans are solid, detailed, photo-descriptive and simple. Our job is to make\nyour ramp installation as easy as possible!\n\nLastly, typical ramp plans do not recommend the best maintenance tips. Lets\nface it, whether the ramp is metal, plastic or wood – the ramp is going to\nneed basic care. We’ve talked to many customers that were previously told to\npaint generic water sealant on the skateboard ramp to protect it from the\nweather. Bad idea. Soon after, the customer calls us to see if Skatepaint will\nfix their ramp. Skatepaint is a polyurethane paint that is specifically\ndesigned for wooden skateboard ramps.\n\nLearn more about Skatepaint.\n\nApart from using Skatepaint on your ramp, another tip is the use of a plastic\ntarp. Cover the ramp when it is not in use especially during rain, snow, or\nother bad weather conditions. After a few years the ramp may need to be re-\nsurfaced. This is normal for any ramp; vert, mini ramp, halfpipe or\nquarterpipe. The longevity of your skating surface depends a lot on the care\nyou provide. Generally, after 2-3 years, most skaters pull the skating layer\nplywood off their ramp and replace with anew. Remember, coat the new surface\nwith Skatepaint and use a plastic tarp! Not all ramp plans are alike. OC\nRAMP’S plans are thorough and have been used by thousands of customers all\nover the world. If we see several customers with the same question, our\nexperienced staff of ramp builders will modify and update the ramp plans\nmanual to make things crystal clear. Get your ramp today and have confidence\nin the easiest instructions manual on the market!\n\n#### Sign up and receive exclusive promotions for skateboard ramps, rails and\nbox kits\n\n#### TOP SEARCHES\n\nHalf Pipes Skate Boxes Signature Series Bike Ramps Skate Rails Mini Ramps\nSkate Paint\n\n#### OC RAMPS\n\nShop Custom Skate Ramps Skate Ramp Rental About Us OC Staff Testimonials\nContact Us Blog Sitemap\n\n#### ORDERS\n\nMy Account Order Status Wish List Shipping & Delivery Return Policy Terms and\nConditions Privacy Policy\n\n#### SUPPORT\n\nFAQ Email Us Live Chat\n\n#### CONTACT US\n\n888-789-OCRAMPS (6272) Local: (714) 285-0220 2122 S. Wright St. Santa Ana, CA\n92705 info@ocramps.com\n\n#### SELL OUR KITS\n\nBecome an OC Ramps dealer. Earn more by sharing your skate passion.\n\nSTART SELLING\n\n#### BUILD A CUSTOM SKATE PARK\n\nBuild a skate park on residential or commercial property.\n\nBUILD NOW\n\n#### SKATE RAMP RENTALS\n\nOC Ramps rents skateboard ramps and bike ramps for events, demos or production\n/ filming purposes.\n\nRENT NOW\n\n© 2021 OC Ramps. All rights reserved.\n\nWordpress Social Share Plugin powered by Ultimatelysocial\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://pickadirection.com/measure-twice-but-cut-once/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111194241/http://pickadirection.com/measure-twice-but-cut-once/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Carpentry 101: Measure Twice but Cut OncePick a Direction", "passages": [ "Sometimes when you write as often as I do, you feel like you are going to change the world with your words. And then as soon as you hit publish....CRICKETS. Other times, you think your words should have been trashed and somehow that gets more attention than you ever imagined.", "Still other times, you get called out for one thing or another. This week I’ve been sloppy with my editing (I really hope I edited this well enough to talk about it) and the comments I’ve received brought me down a peg or two. Since Wednesday was a rushed morning, I decided to resist hitting “Publish” and wait another day until I could properly edit and proofread my work.", "Last week I received a comment from someone about some sloppy errors that I made while hurrying through a post I really wanted to get out there. It was important (to me) and I knew thought it had the potential to receive a lot of attention in the form of traffic to my site. As soon as I was called out, I went back and skimmed through my work. Sure enough, I found a number of simple errors.", "Less than a week after that, I receive another message about sloppy mistakes. Again, I sheepishly went through and fixed the errors so my blog doesn’t look like an 8th grader penned it. The second time through is what it took for the error of my ways to really sink in.", "When I first started, I used to thoroughly edit each post before I published it since I’ve been known to have simple, sloppy mistakes like these. But somehow I got too comfortable and I’ve reduced that editing process to a skim, thinking I’ve overcome my sloppiness.", "Sometimes technology does that to us. We think that we’ve mastered a craft because we move faster on it. I can type way faster than I can write with pen and paper. But if I wrote long-hand instead of typed, I would make exponentially fewer mistakes. But you wouldn’t be able to read my handwriting.", "A guy I worked with for years was a carpenter in his previous life. He had lots of odd sayings and a temper that was as short as a candle wick. When he was doing woodwork he would constantly bark, “Measure twice but cut once. We don’t have time to go back and redo all this.”", "I obviously forgot that saying when I was rushing through my recent posts. In carpentry, once you make a cut you’re stuck with it. You can’t go back and “uncut” wood, you have to start with a fresh piece or shave something down to fit. A good carpenter needs fewer pieces of lumber because he makes precision cuts.", "In other words, it takes more time and resources than it would have to just measure a second time. Although I can hit the “Update” button on my blog, I’ve already shown sloppy work and probably lost some credibility.", "I have talked at length about The Lean Startup and just starting something, which may seem contradictory to this subject.", "But allow me to clarify. When we look at lean management, we are talking about intentional experiments. We are not talking about final products, such as blog posts. When using lean management, we know the process/product/service will evolve from it’s current state, that’s the point.", "When I’m writing a blog post or typing an email, nothing is planned once I publish it: that’s the end of the process. Nothing changes after I hit “Publish” (unless I get called out for having sloppy grammar).", "With lean methodology, there are experiments that have desired outcomes and unknown consequences. Meaning we do something to find out what happens next and we plan on making adjustments after that experiment is run. This is not the same thing as rushing through a task and doing it sloppily.", "Then when do you plan on finding time to fix it? Too often, we are more focused on crossing something off our to-do list than we are on doing it correctly. We have driven ourselves to be infinitely productive, yet we’re losing our effectiveness.", "One of the biggest areas in which we see this is the health industry. Everyone wants shortcuts and nobody wants to put the time into being healthy. There is no magical formula. Being healthy takes time and takes a lot of work.", "It is not uncommon for people to have double bypass surgeries and tell their doctor, “I don’t have time to take 6 months off of work.” Well, that’s double the time it would have taken for them to just walk 15 minutes a day and eat healthier.", "Slow it down this week and focus on quality. See how your work changes and see how those around you respond to the quality over quantity approach. It will save you time, resources, and maybe even a double bypass surgery!", "Thank you to the individuals that called me out the past two weeks, you’ve helped me take a step back and focus on the quality of my work. This may mean a fewer number of posts from me, but I can assure you that the quality will go up!", "Tell me about a time when you rushed through a project and put out a sub-par piece of work, I’d love to hear about it in the comments below.", "As a college athlete, I won a conference championship & was voted captain. Then, I helped build a multi-million dollar furniture company. Then, I chased a lifelong dream by writing & publishing a book (Believe EG21) about the incredible true story of the '05 CSU football team. I love to learn, teach, & question the status quo.", "My name is Mike. I played football in college, worked in furniture for over 6 years, and wrote a couple books. These are my thoughts on leadership, creativity, entrepreneurship, & being the best version of yourself.", "BelievEG21 chronicles the unbelievable true story behind the 2005 CSU Buccaneer football team, a squad poised for it's best season in program history. That is, until tragedy strikes and the team is sent into a tailspin just weeks before the season begins." ] }, "parsed_md": "Carpentry 101: Measure Twice but Cut OncePick a Direction\n\n# Carpentry 101: Measure Twice but Cut Once\n\nSometimes when you write as often as I do, you feel like you are going to\nchange the world with your words. And then as soon as you hit\npublish....CRICKETS. Other times, you think your words should have been\ntrashed and somehow that gets more attention than you ever imagined.\n\nStill other times, you get called out for one thing or another. This week I’ve\nbeen sloppy with my editing (I really hope I edited this well enough to talk\nabout it) and the comments I’ve received brought me down a peg or two. Since\nWednesday was a rushed morning, I decided to resist hitting “Publish” and wait\nanother day until I could properly edit and proofread my work.\n\n## Grammatical Errors\n\nLast week I received a comment from someone about some sloppy errors that I\nmade while hurrying through a post I really wanted to get out there. It was\nimportant (to me) and I knew thought it had the potential to receive a lot of\nattention in the form of traffic to my site. As soon as I was called out, I\nwent back and skimmed through my work. Sure enough, I found a number of simple\nerrors.\n\nProblem fixed, right?\n\nLess than a week after that, I receive another message about sloppy mistakes.\nAgain, I sheepishly went through and fixed the errors so my blog doesn’t look\nlike an 8th grader penned it. The second time through is what it took for the\nerror of my ways to really sink in.\n\nWhen I first started, I used to thoroughly edit each post before I published\nit since I’ve been known to have simple, sloppy mistakes like these. But\nsomehow I got too comfortable and I’ve reduced that editing process to a skim,\nthinking I’ve overcome my sloppiness.\n\nSometimes technology does that to us. We think that we’ve mastered a craft\nbecause we move faster on it. I can type way faster than I can write with pen\nand paper. But if I wrote long-hand instead of typed, I would make\nexponentially fewer mistakes. But you wouldn’t be able to read my handwriting.\n\n## Measure Twice, Cut Once\n\nA guy I worked with for years was a carpenter in his previous life. He had\nlots of odd sayings and a temper that was as short as a candle wick. When he\nwas doing woodwork he would constantly bark, “Measure twice but cut once. We\ndon’t have time to go back and redo all this.”\n\nI obviously forgot that saying when I was rushing through my recent posts. In\ncarpentry, once you make a cut you’re stuck with it. You can’t go back and\n“uncut” wood, you have to start with a fresh piece or shave something down to\nfit. A good carpenter needs fewer pieces of lumber because he makes precision\ncuts.\n\nIn other words, it takes more time and resources than it would have to just\nmeasure a second time. Although I can hit the “Update” button on my blog, I’ve\nalready shown sloppy work and probably lost some credibility.\n\n## Lean Startup Methodology\n\nI have talked at length about The Lean Startup and just starting something,\nwhich may seem contradictory to this subject.\n\nBut allow me to clarify. When we look at lean management, we are talking about\nintentional experiments. We are not talking about final products, such as blog\nposts. When using lean management, we know the process/product/service will\nevolve from it’s current state, that’s the point.\n\nWhen I’m writing a blog post or typing an email, nothing is planned once I\npublish it: that’s the end of the process. Nothing changes after I hit\n“Publish” (unless I get called out for having sloppy grammar).\n\nWith lean methodology, there are experiments that have desired outcomes and\nunknown consequences. Meaning we do something to find out what happens next\nand we plan on making adjustments after that experiment is run. This is not\nthe same thing as rushing through a task and doing it sloppily.\n\n## If you don’t have time for a second look...\n\nThen when do you plan on finding time to fix it? Too often, we are more\nfocused on crossing something off our to-do list than we are on doing it\ncorrectly. We have driven ourselves to be infinitely productive, yet we’re\nlosing our effectiveness.\n\nOne of the biggest areas in which we see this is the health industry. Everyone\nwants shortcuts and nobody wants to put the time into being healthy. There is\nno magical formula. Being healthy takes time and takes a lot of work.\n\nIt is not uncommon for people to have double bypass surgeries and tell their\ndoctor, “I don’t have time to take 6 months off of work.” Well, that’s double\nthe time it would have taken for them to just walk 15 minutes a day and eat\nhealthier.\n\nSlow it down this week and focus on quality. See how your work changes and see\nhow those around you respond to the quality over quantity approach. It will\nsave you time, resources, and maybe even a double bypass surgery!\n\nThank you to the individuals that called me out the past two weeks, you’ve\nhelped me take a step back and focus on the quality of my work. This may mean\na fewer number of posts from me, but I can assure you that the quality will go\nup!\n\n—\n\nTell me about a time when you rushed through a project and put out a sub-par\npiece of work, I’d love to hear about it in the comments below.\n\nHave a great day!\n\n—\n\n## Want posts send directly to your email?\n\n#### Fill out the simple form below and check your email to confirm!\n\n##### Mike McCann\n\nAs a college athlete, I won a conference championship & was voted captain.\nThen, I helped build a multi-million dollar furniture company. Then, I chased\na lifelong dream by writing & publishing a book (Believe EG21) about the\nincredible true story of the '05 CSU football team. I love to learn, teach, &\nquestion the status quo.\n\n#### About Me\n\nMy name is Mike. I played football in college, worked in furniture for over 6\nyears, and wrote a couple books. These are my thoughts on leadership,\ncreativity, entrepreneurship, & being the best version of yourself.\n\n#### Believe EG21\n\nBelievEG21 chronicles the unbelievable true story behind the 2005 CSU\nBuccaneer football team, a squad poised for it's best season in program\nhistory. That is, until tragedy strikes and the team is sent into a tailspin\njust weeks before the season begins.\n\nClick here to see it on Amazon.\n\n#### As Seen In\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Subscribe & Follow\n\n#### MOST POPULAR\n\n * #### How to Be a Better Person: 15 Painless Ways to Invest In Yourself\n\nSeptember 29, 2015\n\n * #### Why We Sacrifice Pride (and why it’s worth it)\n\nDecember 24, 2014\n\n * #### 13 Rights Effective Leaders Must Forfeit\n\nAugust 28, 2014\n\n * #### 9 Hard Lessons I Learned About Freelancing\n\nMarch 26, 2014\n\n * #### Why Counterbalancing Improves our Effectiveness\n\nDecember 13, 2013\n\nFacebook Twitter Instagram\n\nWHAT'S YOUR DIRECTION?\n\n© 2018 Pick a Direction Marketing\n\nBack to top\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://diyskate.com:80/bank_01.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190514223005/http://diyskate.com:80/bank_01.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Skateboard Bank Ramp • DIYskate.com", "passages": [ "♠ 1 - 4×8, 3/4\" plywood ♠ 4 - 4×8, 3/8\" plywood ♠ 2 - 4×8, 1/4\" masonite ♠ 8 - 2×4's, 8' long ♠ 11 - 2×6's, 8' long ♠ 1 - 5lb box of 1 5/8\" screws ♠ 1 - 5lb box of 2 1/2\" screws ♠ 1 - 1×8, 3/16\" steel | Tools needed", "♠ Tape Measure & Pencil ♠ Circular or jig saw ♠ Drill w/ philips bit ♠ Assorted drill bits ♠ Chalkline", "Similar to a kicker ramp but it's use is often different, a bank ramp is great for learning flip tricks on. This bank ramp is 8' wide by about 3'-6 tall and 7'-9 in length. It has a 30° slope.", "Also, I say \"skateboard bank ramp\" but this ramp can be used for a BMX bank ramp too. All of my ramps can withstand pretty much anything that can be thrown at them, within reason.", "As with all structures here on DIYskate, you can build this bank ramp any size you want. However, for the material list to be accurate, you will need to follow the plans as listed below.", "The wood and hardware can be found at most home improvement stores. Sometimes you can find the steel there as well, I know my local Home Depot carries the coping and threshold material.", "If not, you can search the internet for steel fabricators or salvage steel. Personally, I've begun buying my steel from MetalsDepot.com because of their very quick shipping and good prices. I'm not affiliated with them in any way, I just like them and their product.", "If this ramp is going to stay outside, it needs to be protected from the elements. A good place to start is with pressure treated lumber, paint and a tarp. You may want to invest in a composite material for the surface too. Such as Skate Lite or Ramp Armor.", "Be extra careful when working with treated lumber though, the chemicals used to treat the wood contain a poisonous pesticide.", "Gather your materials. Start with the 2×4's and 2×6's. Using the cut list below, cut the lumber and set it aside. It's a good idea to keep everything separate and mark them so you don't mix them up.", "Qty.| Type| Size 11| •| 2×6| 7'-10 1/2 4| •| 2×4| 7'-10 1/2 2| •| 2×4| 5'-4 1/2 4| •| 2×4| 3'-2 1/4 | Plywood", "Qty.| Type| Size 2| •| 3/4\" Ply| 6\" × 4'-0 2| •| 3/4\" Ply| Sides (See Image) 1| •| 3/8\" Ply| 3'-9 1/2 × 8'-0 1| •| 1/4\" Masonite| 2'-10 1/4 × 8'-0 | Steel", "Cut the 3/4\" plywood for the sides by following the cut list below. Both sides are identical. Also cut two 4' × 6\" pieces for the top of the bank as shown.", "I like to radius the bottom of the skateboard bank ramp for a less abrupt transition from flat to bank. Using a 2×4 with a screw and pencil as your compass, draw the radius as shown in the illustration below.", "Start by building the frame with one 2×4 @ 7'-10 1/2, one 2×6 @ 7'-10 1/2 and four 2×4's @ 3'-2 1/4, as shown below.", "Take both of the sides you cut earlier and attach the frame you just built to it, with the 2×6 on top.", "Now attach the ten 2×6's and two 2×4's to the sides spacing them 8\" apart, on center except where noted below.", "You will also want to double up the 2×6 about 4'-0 down from the top. This is where the 3/8\" plywood seam will will meet and the double 2×6's allow a larger surface area for attaching the two sheets.", "Take the remaining two 5'-4 1/2 long 2×4's and attach them to the plywood sides under the 2×6's. These skateboard bank ramps take an enormous amount of abuse and need extra supports to cope with that abuse.", "The supports relieve stress from the screws holding up the 2×6's and the 2×6's are less likely to break than 2×4's, although I have seen it happen.", "You're done framing the skateboard bank ramp, the next step is to take the two 4'-0 × 6\" × 3/4\" strips you cut earlier and place them on the top, 2×6 support.", "Take a sheet of 3/8\" and attach it to the framed bank, pushing it flush against the 3/4\" strips on top. You want to screw from the top down placing a screw every foot or so making sure you screw into the 2×6's.", "Next, take another 3/8\" sheet, cut it to 3'-9 1/2 × 8' and push it flush against the previous 3/8\" sheet to finish the bottom layer. Again screw from the top down, placing the screws about a foot apart.", "Next take two more sheets of the 3/8\" plywood, lay them cross grain to the bottom layers and screw them in place using the same screw pattern as before.", "Once the 3/8\" plys are attached, cut a strip of masonite 6\" × 8'-0 and cover the 3/4\" ply on the top.", "Now lay a full 4' × 8' sheet of masonite on the 3/8\" ply surface, pushing it flush against the masonite stip on top. Unlike the 3/8\", you'll need to countersink the masonite with a 3/8\" drill bit or a countersink bit.", "Then, just like the screws in the previous plys, you will want to start at the top and work your way down, except this time put the screws about 6\" to 8\" apart instead of a foot.", "Last, attach the 1'-0 wide × 28'-0 × 3/16\" thick sheet metal to the bank (Depending on how hard you are on the structure, you may be able to get away with thinner steel - down to 14 gauge or so). Drill five, 3/16\" evenly spaced holes then countersink the screw locations with a 3/8\" drill bit ensure the screws are flush.", "This ramp is a beast and should have no problem accommodating skaters and bikers alike. I plan on drawing up a suitable flyout launch for the bikers too, but I have a few things to get to before then." ] }, "parsed_md": "Skateboard Bank Ramp • DIYskate.com\n\nHow to Make a Skateboard Bank Ramp\n\n * DIY Home\n * DIY Ramps\n * DIY Skateboard\n * DIY Glossary\n * DIY Gallery\n * DIY Store\n * DIY Map\n * Advertise\n * Contact\n * Donate\n\n#### Latest pages:\n\nChicago Barrier Alright, I have a buddy named Kevin...\n\nRead more...\n\nGrind Ledge A skateboard grind ledge is easy to build and...\n\nRead more...\n\nFun Box This funbox is 1'-6 tall, 4ft. wide and...\n\nRead more...\n\n#### Last Update:\n\nJanuary 3, 2016\n\n| Approximate Cost: $250 \n--- \nEasy | | | | | Difficult \n| Materials needed \n--- \n♠ 1 - 4×8, 3/4\" plywood ♠ 4 - 4×8, 3/8\" plywood ♠ 2 - 4×8, 1/4\" masonite ♠ 8 -\n2×4's, 8' long ♠ 11 - 2×6's, 8' long ♠ 1 - 5lb box of 1 5/8\" screws ♠ 1 - 5lb\nbox of 2 1/2\" screws ♠ 1 - 1×8, 3/16\" steel \n| Tools needed \n--- \n♠ Tape Measure & Pencil ♠ Circular or jig saw ♠ Drill w/ philips bit ♠\nAssorted drill bits ♠ Chalkline \n \n## How to make a Skateboard Bank Ramp\n\nSimilar to a kicker ramp but it's use is often different, a bank ramp is great\nfor learning flip tricks on. This bank ramp is 8' wide by about 3'-6 tall and\n7'-9 in length. It has a 30° slope.\n\nAlso, I say \"skateboard bank ramp\" but this ramp can be used for a BMX bank\nramp too. All of my ramps can withstand pretty much anything that can be\nthrown at them, within reason.\n\nAs with all structures here on DIYskate, you can build this bank ramp any size\nyou want. However, for the material list to be accurate, you will need to\nfollow the plans as listed below.\n\n## Where to get your Supplies\n\nThe wood and hardware can be found at most home improvement stores. Sometimes\nyou can find the steel there as well, I know my local Home Depot carries the\ncoping and threshold material.\n\nIf not, you can search the internet for steel fabricators or salvage steel.\nPersonally, I've begun buying my steel from MetalsDepot.com because of their\nvery quick shipping and good prices. I'm not affiliated with them in any way,\nI just like them and their product.\n\nIf this ramp is going to stay outside, it needs to be protected from the\nelements. A good place to start is with pressure treated lumber, paint and a\ntarp. You may want to invest in a composite material for the surface too. Such\nas Skate Lite or Ramp Armor.\n\nBe extra careful when working with treated lumber though, the chemicals used\nto treat the wood contain a poisonous pesticide.\n\n### Lumber cut list\n\nGather your materials. Start with the 2×4's and 2×6's. Using the cut list\nbelow, cut the lumber and set it aside. It's a good idea to keep everything\nseparate and mark them so you don't mix them up.\n\nMaterial Cut List \n--- \n| Lumber \n--- \nQty.| Type| Size \n11| •| 2×6| 7'-10 1/2 \n4| •| 2×4| 7'-10 1/2 \n2| •| 2×4| 5'-4 1/2 \n4| •| 2×4| 3'-2 1/4 \n| Plywood \n--- \nQty.| Type| Size \n2| •| 3/4\" Ply| 6\" × 4'-0 \n2| •| 3/4\" Ply| Sides (See Image) \n1| •| 3/8\" Ply| 3'-9 1/2 × 8'-0 \n1| •| 1/4\" Masonite| 2'-10 1/4 × 8'-0 \n| Steel \n--- \nQty.| Type| Size \n1| •| 3/16\" Plate| 1'-0 × 8'-0 \n \n### Plywood cut list\n\nCut the 3/4\" plywood for the sides by following the cut list below. Both sides\nare identical. Also cut two 4' × 6\" pieces for the top of the bank as shown.\n\nI like to radius the bottom of the skateboard bank ramp for a less abrupt\ntransition from flat to bank. Using a 2×4 with a screw and pencil as your\ncompass, draw the radius as shown in the illustration below.\n\nOnce drawn and cut, use this side as your template to draw and cut the other\nside.\n\n### Build it\n\nStart by building the frame with one 2×4 @ 7'-10 1/2, one 2×6 @ 7'-10 1/2 and\nfour 2×4's @ 3'-2 1/4, as shown below.\n\n### Framing the sides\n\nTake both of the sides you cut earlier and attach the frame you just built to\nit, with the 2×6 on top.\n\nAlso attach the front 2×4 at this time.\n\n### Framing the sides continued\n\nNow attach the ten 2×6's and two 2×4's to the sides spacing them 8\" apart, on\ncenter except where noted below.\n\nYou will also want to double up the 2×6 about 4'-0 down from the top. This is\nwhere the 3/8\" plywood seam will will meet and the double 2×6's allow a larger\nsurface area for attaching the two sheets.\n\n### Placing the support\n\nTake the remaining two 5'-4 1/2 long 2×4's and attach them to the plywood\nsides under the 2×6's. These skateboard bank ramps take an enormous amount of\nabuse and need extra supports to cope with that abuse.\n\nThe supports relieve stress from the screws holding up the 2×6's and the 2×6's\nare less likely to break than 2×4's, although I have seen it happen.\n\n## Attach the plywood - Top\n\nYou're done framing the skateboard bank ramp, the next step is to take the two\n4'-0 × 6\" × 3/4\" strips you cut earlier and place them on the top, 2×6\nsupport.\n\n## Attach the plywood - Bottom layer\n\nTake a sheet of 3/8\" and attach it to the framed bank, pushing it flush\nagainst the 3/4\" strips on top. You want to screw from the top down placing a\nscrew every foot or so making sure you screw into the 2×6's.\n\nNext, take another 3/8\" sheet, cut it to 3'-9 1/2 × 8' and push it flush\nagainst the previous 3/8\" sheet to finish the bottom layer. Again screw from\nthe top down, placing the screws about a foot apart.\n\n## Attaching the plywood - Middle layer & Masonite\n\nNext take two more sheets of the 3/8\" plywood, lay them cross grain to the\nbottom layers and screw them in place using the same screw pattern as before.\n\nOnce the 3/8\" plys are attached, cut a strip of masonite 6\" × 8'-0 and cover\nthe 3/4\" ply on the top.\n\nNow lay a full 4' × 8' sheet of masonite on the 3/8\" ply surface, pushing it\nflush against the masonite stip on top. Unlike the 3/8\", you'll need to\ncountersink the masonite with a 3/8\" drill bit or a countersink bit.\n\nThen, just like the screws in the previous plys, you will want to start at the\ntop and work your way down, except this time put the screws about 6\" to 8\"\napart instead of a foot.\n\nNow attach a 2'-10 1/4 × 8'-0 sheet of masonite flush against the other sheet.\n\n## Finish and Skate it\n\nLast, attach the 1'-0 wide × 28'-0 × 3/16\" thick sheet metal to the bank\n(Depending on how hard you are on the structure, you may be able to get away\nwith thinner steel - down to 14 gauge or so). Drill five, 3/16\" evenly spaced\nholes then countersink the screw locations with a 3/8\" drill bit ensure the\nscrews are flush.\n\nThis ramp is a beast and should have no problem accommodating skaters and\nbikers alike. I plan on drawing up a suitable flyout launch for the bikers\ntoo, but I have a few things to get to before then.\n\nUntil then, enjoy your new bank ramp.\n\nHow To Make Ramps • How To Make Skateboards\n\n• •\n\n### Related Pages \n \n--- \n♠ 3' Mini Ramp| ♠ Grind Rail| ♠ Funbox & Ledge| ♠ Ramp Foundations \n♠ Spine Ramp| ♠ 3' Quarter Pipe| ♠ Store| ♠ Donate \n \nSkateboard bank ramp • Copyright © 2007-2016 • DIYskate.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.homedepot.com:80/c/discover_benefit_pressure_treated_wood_HT_BG_LC", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171001224302/http://www.homedepot.com:80/c/discover_benefit_pressure_treated_wood_HT_BG_LC", "parsed_text": { "title": "Benefits of Pressure Treated Wood at The Home Depot", "passages": [ "Keep wooden outdoor structures beautiful for years by building with wood treated to resist termites and fungal decay. This guide will walk you through the types and benefits of pressure-treated (PT) wood.", "Safety: Always wear gloves, eye protection and a dust mask (NIOSH N95) when handling wood. Due to preservatives in pressure treated wood, it should never be burned. Sawdust and scraps should be disposed of in a landfill.", "Pressure treating is a preservative process that helps wood withstand the elements and wards off termites, microorganisms and fungal decay.", "The most common chemicals used to treat wood are Alkaline Copper Quaternary (ACQ), Copper Azole (CA), and Micronized Copper Azole (MCA).", "Recent changes in the US treating standards now require Ground-Contact treated wood for most end use applications, which has two times the preservative level as Above-Ground treated wood products. Ground-Contact treated wood is available at The Home Depot in most of our dimensional lumber and timber products.", "Ground-Contact treated wood provides long-term protection against termite and fungal decay attack and can be used in most outdoor applications.", "During the pressure-treating process, the wood preservatives are forced deep into the wood. The treating solution consists mostly of water. Because the treated wood absorbs a significant amount of water, depending on your location, it may take several weeks for the wood to dry. During this period, some shrinkage and warping may occur.", "If you desire to paint or stain the treated wood project, it is important that the wood be dry enough to accept a coating. The best way to determine if the wood is sufficiently dry to paint or stain is to sprinkle droplets of water onto the wood. If the water droplets are absorbed, the wood is ready to be painted or stained. If the water droplets bead on the surface of the wood, it is too wet. You should wait a few days before attempting to paint and stain the wood. We have a broad selection of stain and paint products specifically formulated for treated wood.", "Pressure-treated lumber can last 20 years or more, and most pressure treated wood comes with a residential and agricultural limited warranty.", "In general, microionized PT wood is drier and may be stained or water sealed sooner than ACQ/CA PT wood. Due to its natural color, it stains to a truer color than ACQ/CA PT wood.", "Local store prices may vary from those displayed. Products shown as available are normally stocked but inventory levels cannot be guaranteed" ] }, "parsed_md": "Benefits of Pressure Treated Wood at The Home Depot\n\n * Store Finder\n * Truck & Tool Rental\n * For the Pro\n * Gift Cards\n * Credit Services\n * Track Order\n * Help\n\nTo See Inventory Choose A Store\n\nMy Account\n\nSign in\n\nRegister\n\n * Orders & Purchases\n * My Credit Card Account\n * Account Profile\n * My Lists\n * Find a List\n\nSign Out\n\nCart 0 items\n\n * All Departments\n * Shop by Room\n * DIY Projects & Ideas\n * Home Services\n * Specials & Offers\n * Local Ad\n\n * Halloween & Holiday Decor\n * Appliances\n * Bath & Faucets\n * Blinds & Window Treatments\n * Building Materials\n * Decor & Furniture\n * Doors & Windows\n * Electrical\n * Flooring & Area Rugs\n * Hardware\n * Heating & Cooling\n * Kitchen\n * Lawn & Garden\n * Lighting & Ceiling Fans\n * Outdoor Living\n * Paint\n * Plumbing\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tools\n\n * My Account\n\n * All Departments\n\n * Shop by Room\n\n * DIY Projects & Ideas\n\n * Home Services\n\n * Specials & Offers\n\n * Local Ad\n\n * Store Finder\n * Truck & Tool Rental\n * For the Pro\n * Gift Cards\n * Credit Services\n * Track Order\n * Help\n\nAll Departments\n\n * Halloween & Holiday Decor\n * Appliances\n * Bath & Faucets\n * Blinds & Window Treatments\n * Building Materials\n * Decor & Furniture\n * Doors & Windows\n * Electrical\n * Flooring & Area Rugs\n * Hardware\n * Heating & Cooling\n * Kitchen\n * Lawn & Garden\n * Lighting & Ceiling Fans\n * Outdoor Living\n * Paint\n * Plumbing\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tools\n\n * Home\n * DIY Projects and Ideas\n * Home Renovation Ideas\n * Pressure Treated Wood Buying Guide\n\n# How To Choose Pressure Treated Wood\n\n## Build beautiful outdoor projects with bug- and rot-resistant pressure\ntreated wood\n\nKeep wooden outdoor structures beautiful for years by building with wood\ntreated to resist termites and fungal decay. This guide will walk you through\nthe types and benefits of pressure-treated (PT) wood.\n\nSafety: Always wear gloves, eye protection and a dust mask (NIOSH N95) when\nhandling wood. Due to preservatives in pressure treated wood, it should never\nbe burned. Sawdust and scraps should be disposed of in a landfill.\n\nSHOP ALL PRESSURE TREATED WOOD\n\n## What Is Pressure Treating?\n\nPressure treating is a preservative process that helps wood withstand the\nelements and wards off termites, microorganisms and fungal decay.\n\nThe most common chemicals used to treat wood are Alkaline Copper Quaternary\n(ACQ), Copper Azole (CA), and Micronized Copper Azole (MCA).\n\nRecent changes in the US treating standards now require Ground-Contact treated\nwood for most end use applications, which has two times the preservative level\nas Above-Ground treated wood products. Ground-Contact treated wood is\navailable at The Home Depot in most of our dimensional lumber and timber\nproducts.\n\nGround-Contact treated wood provides long-term protection against termite and\nfungal decay attack and can be used in most outdoor applications.\n\nDuring the pressure-treating process, the wood preservatives are forced deep\ninto the wood. The treating solution consists mostly of water. Because the\ntreated wood absorbs a significant amount of water, depending on your\nlocation, it may take several weeks for the wood to dry. During this period,\nsome shrinkage and warping may occur.\n\nIf you desire to paint or stain the treated wood project, it is important that\nthe wood be dry enough to accept a coating. The best way to determine if the\nwood is sufficiently dry to paint or stain is to sprinkle droplets of water\nonto the wood. If the water droplets are absorbed, the wood is ready to be\npainted or stained. If the water droplets bead on the surface of the wood, it\nis too wet. You should wait a few days before attempting to paint and stain\nthe wood. We have a broad selection of stain and paint products specifically\nformulated for treated wood.\n\nPressure-treated lumber can last 20 years or more, and most pressure treated\nwood comes with a residential and agricultural limited warranty.\n\n## ACQ/CA vs. MCA Pressure Treated Wood\n\nSee details on the two primary types of pressure treated wood in the following\nchart.\n\nACQ/CA (Copper Azole) and Pressure Treated Wood| MCA (Microionized) and\nPressure Treated Wood \n---|--- \n \nPreservative Components\n\n|\n\nPrimary biocide = copper amine\n\nSecondary biocide = quat for ACQ/azole for CA\n\n|\n\nPrimary biocide = microionized copper\n\nSecondary Biocide = Azole \n \nBuilding Code Compliance\n\n|\n\nYes, via AWPA or NER-628 (ACQ or ESR-1721(CA)\n\n|\n\nYes via International Code Council ESR-2240 and ESR-1721 \n \nWarranty\n\n|\n\nLifetime Limited Warranty\n\n|\n\nLifetime Limited Warranty \n \nProtects Against\n\n|\n\nFungal decay and termites\n\n|\n\nFungal decay and termites \n \nAluminum Compatability\n\n|\n\nNo\n\n|\n\nYes \n \nFasteners Recommendation\n\n|\n\nHot-dipped galvanized (G-185) or better\n\n|\n\nHot-dipped galvanized (G-185) or better \n \nColor\n\n|\n\nDarker Green in color when first purchased\n\n|\n\nLight natural color when first purchased\n\nIn general, microionized PT wood is drier and may be stained or water sealed\nsooner than ACQ/CA PT wood. Due to its natural color, it stains to a truer\ncolor than ACQ/CA PT wood. \n \n### SHOP NOW\n\n### Pressure Treated Lumber\n\n### Wood Decking Boards\n\n### Wood Fencing\n\n### JUMP TO SECTION\n\n * What Is Pressure Treating?\n * ACQ/CA vs. MCA Pressure Treated Wood\n\n### HAVE QUESTIONS?\n\n### Ask A Home Depot Expert\n\nMore saving. More doing.®\n\nNeed Help? Please call us at: 1-800-HOME-DEPOT (1-800-466-3337)\n\nSpecial Financing Available everyday*\n\n * Pay & Manage Your Card\n * Credit Offers\n\n© 2000-2017 Home Depot Product Authority, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Use of\nthis site is subject to certain Terms Of Use.\n\nLocal store prices may vary from those displayed. Products shown as available\nare normally stocked but inventory levels cannot be guaranteed\n\nFor screen reader problems with this website, please call 1-800-466-3337.\n\n * Privacy & Security Statement\n * Cookie Usage\n * Manage Privacy Preferences\n * California Privacy Rights\n * California Supply Chain Act\n * Site Map\n * Store Directory\n * Mobile Site\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.dansworld.com:80/ramp_faq.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191021164309/http://www.dansworld.com:80/ramp_faq.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Ramp FAQ", "passages": [ "This document is a work in progress by Andy (awatt@ycp.edu). If you have any additions to contribute, please send them in.", "These are not ramp plans. It is a small FAQ about ramp building. If you are looking for ramp plans, try Heckler mag`s web page.", "Should I use screws or nails? nails are cheaper and easier, but screws generally work better. Use drywall screws instead of wood screws. Drywall screws are usually stronger and you dont have to drill pilot holes, just drive them straight into the wood. I would highly recommend that you use screws for the surface, even if you nail the frame together. Its a real bitch to get hung up on a nail that is sticking out of the surface.", "What should I use for coping? Metal (i.e.-steel) coping works best. plastic can also be used. If you want to, you could even use pool coping. Use one continuous piece of coping on each side instead of several small pieces. It`s also a bitch to hang up on a coping seam.", "What about measurements? The surface-supporting 2x4s should be no more than 6 feet in length. 4 feet is usually a good measurement because you can simply cut 8 foot 2x4s in half. They should be spaced no more than 8 inches apart (unless you are building a vert ramp, in which case they can be slightly farther apart at the top). Also, when designing your ramp, make sure you have the correct amount of flat bottom. You don`t want your ramp to be too fast or too slow.", "What about the foundation? Its easy if you are building on level ground. Otherwise, youl have to level the ramp somehow. One way is to build the frame first and then level it by shoring it up with railroad ties, cinder blocks or whatever. Just make sure it is stable. Another, more stable, more time- consuming way is to drive a 6x6 post into the ground wherever your ramp needs support and build the frame right onto these posts. Use a post-hole digger (available for very little cash at your local K-mart. BOYCOTT WAL-MART.) to dig the holes at least a foot deep and then pour cement around the posts. use a carpenter`s level to make sure they are straight up.", "What about platforms? VERY important. most people build shitty platforms. DON`T! A good, level, stable platform makes a huge difference. It should be at least 4 feet wide. Wider if your ramp is really big.", "Ramp width? 8 feet is really too narrow, unless you need to fit the ramp in the confines of your garage or something. 12 feet is usually baseline, for a mini-ramp. 16 feet or wider is pure heaven.", "What about transitions? take your time when cutting them out. make them as perfect as possible. A rush job results in a shitty ramp. Most people cut one transition as a template for the rest. This is a good idea. Make your template absolutely perfect and MARK IT. That way, you wont get confused about which transition is the template. Use one template to trace the pattern for every transition. If you use a different transition as a template every time, itll create a compounding error, making your ramp impossible to surface. Also, make sure that when you attach the transitions to the frame, they line up perfectly or it will be impossible to surface.", "How do I position the surface support 2x4s? Attach them so that the 2 inch side will be against the surface of the ramp. If you put them on so that the 4 inch side touches the surface, it will weaken the ramp over time. By positioning them correctly, they dont bow as much from the weight of people skating the ramp. This will just add to the overall life span of the ramp.", "What kind of plywood should I use? Use the most inexpensive 3/4 inch plywood you can find for the transition sides. When surfacing it, I would suggest using 2 layers of plywood that add up to 3/4 inch in thickness (or more). For example, you could use inexpensive 1/2 inch ply for the first layer and then cover that with a better quality 1/4 inch layer. This will give you a strong, smooth surface.", "Should I layer it diagonally? If you have the money to waste, go for it. The point of layering it is this: the ramp will skate faster when you are riding with the grain and slower when you are riding across the grain. Diagonal layering may provide the best compromise, but it tends to be a big pain in the ass and a waste of plywood. I suggest putting the surface on so that the grain runs lengthwise on the ramp. You cover more ground going back and forth than you do along the coping, so this should make it nice and fast.", "Is masonite a good surfacing material? Some people think so. I dont like it. It is fast and smooth, but those are the only benefits. It is also very slippery, which I dont like. Rain destroys masonite quickly, so it is usually no good for outdoor ramps. It works OK indoors, but creates a lot of dust when you skate it. If you ever skate an indoor masonite ramp, youll notice that it gets really dusty and hard to breathe after a while. Getting that shit in your lungs is really bad for you. Some people swear by masonite, but I avoid it. NOTICE: When putting a new layer of plywood on the surface (over an existing layer), offset the seams. If the seams on the new layer line up with the seams on the old layer, itll break up faster. By offsetting the seams, you are avoiding this problem." ] }, "parsed_md": "Ramp FAQ\n\niskatehere.com\n\n# Ramp Building FAQ\n\nThis document is a work in progress by Andy (awatt@ycp.edu). If you have any\nadditions to contribute, please send them in.\n\nClick here for a text version of this FAQ.\n\nThese are not ramp plans. It is a small FAQ about ramp building. If you are\nlooking for ramp plans, try Heckler mag`s web page.\n\nShould I use screws or nails? nails are cheaper and easier, but screws\ngenerally work better. Use drywall screws instead of wood screws. Drywall\nscrews are usually stronger and you don`t have to drill pilot holes, just\ndrive them straight into the wood. I would highly recommend that you use\nscrews for the surface, even if you nail the frame together. It`s a real bitch\nto get hung up on a nail that is sticking out of the surface.\n\nWhat should I use for coping? Metal (i.e.-steel) coping works best. plastic\ncan also be used. If you want to, you could even use pool coping. Use one\ncontinuous piece of coping on each side instead of several small pieces. It`s\nalso a bitch to hang up on a coping seam.\n\nWhat about measurements? The surface-supporting 2x4`s should be no more than 6\nfeet in length. 4 feet is usually a good measurement because you can simply\ncut 8 foot 2x4`s in half. They should be spaced no more than 8 inches apart\n(unless you are building a vert ramp, in which case they can be slightly\nfarther apart at the top). Also, when designing your ramp, make sure you have\nthe correct amount of flat bottom. You don`t want your ramp to be too fast or\ntoo slow.\n\nWhat about the foundation? It`s easy if you are building on level ground.\nOtherwise, you`l have to level the ramp somehow. One way is to build the frame\nfirst and then level it by shoring it up with railroad ties, cinder blocks or\nwhatever. Just make sure it is stable. Another, more stable, more time-\nconsuming way is to drive a 6x6 post into the ground wherever your ramp needs\nsupport and build the frame right onto these posts. Use a post-hole digger\n(available for very little cash at your local K-mart. BOYCOTT WAL-MART.) to\ndig the holes at least a foot deep and then pour cement around the posts. use\na carpenter`s level to make sure they are straight up.\n\nWhat about platforms? VERY important. most people build shitty platforms.\nDON`T! A good, level, stable platform makes a huge difference. It should be at\nleast 4 feet wide. Wider if your ramp is really big.\n\nRamp width? 8 feet is really too narrow, unless you need to fit the ramp in\nthe confines of your garage or something. 12 feet is usually baseline, for a\nmini-ramp. 16 feet or wider is pure heaven.\n\nWhat about transitions? take your time when cutting them out. make them as\nperfect as possible. A rush job results in a shitty ramp. Most people cut one\ntransition as a template for the rest. This is a good idea. Make your template\nabsolutely perfect and MARK IT. That way, you won`t get confused about which\ntransition is the template. Use one template to trace the pattern for every\ntransition. If you use a different transition as a template every time, it`ll\ncreate a compounding error, making your ramp impossible to surface. Also, make\nsure that when you attach the transitions to the frame, they line up perfectly\nor it will be impossible to surface.\n\nHow do I position the surface support 2x4`s? Attach them so that the 2 inch\nside will be against the surface of the ramp. If you put them on so that the 4\ninch side touches the surface, it will weaken the ramp over time. By\npositioning them correctly, they don`t bow as much from the weight of people\nskating the ramp. This will just add to the overall life span of the ramp.\n\nWhat kind of plywood should I use? Use the most inexpensive 3/4 inch plywood\nyou can find for the transition sides. When surfacing it, I would suggest\nusing 2 layers of plywood that add up to 3/4 inch in thickness (or more). For\nexample, you could use inexpensive 1/2 inch ply for the first layer and then\ncover that with a better quality 1/4 inch layer. This will give you a strong,\nsmooth surface.\n\nShould I layer it diagonally? If you have the money to waste, go for it. The\npoint of layering it is this: the ramp will skate faster when you are riding\nwith the grain and slower when you are riding across the grain. Diagonal\nlayering may provide the best compromise, but it tends to be a big pain in the\nass and a waste of plywood. I suggest putting the surface on so that the grain\nruns lengthwise on the ramp. You cover more ground going back and forth than\nyou do along the coping, so this should make it nice and fast.\n\nIs masonite a good surfacing material? Some people think so. I don`t like it.\nIt is fast and smooth, but those are the only benefits. It is also very\nslippery, which I don`t like. Rain destroys masonite quickly, so it is usually\nno good for outdoor ramps. It works OK indoors, but creates a lot of dust when\nyou skate it. If you ever skate an indoor masonite ramp, you`ll notice that it\ngets really dusty and hard to breathe after a while. Getting that shit in your\nlungs is really bad for you. Some people swear by masonite, but I avoid it.\nNOTICE: When putting a new layer of plywood on the surface (over an existing\nlayer), offset the seams. If the seams on the new layer line up with the seams\non the old layer, it`ll break up faster. By offsetting the seams, you are\navoiding this problem.\n\nBack to DansWORLD.\n\nDansWORLD Skateboarding / dan@cps.msu.edu\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://wiki.artisansasylum.com/index.php/Basic_woodshop_safety_rules", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150908090627/https://wiki.artisansasylum.com/index.php/Basic_woodshop_safety_rules", "parsed_text": { "title": "Basic woodshop safety rules", "passages": [ "These are the basic rules for safe use of the woodshop. If you do not follow these rules, we cannot let you use the shop.", "Do not use any machine you are not trained on and comfortable using. If at any time you are unsure of what you are doing, stop immediately and ask for help. Do not force tools.", "Do not use any machine that is not in good working order. Stop, leave a note on the machine and notify maintenanceREmaintenanceMOartisansasylum.comVEME@artisansasylum.com", "Ear protection is also recommended, many of the tools operate above 90 decibels and without protection, you are losing hearing.", "* No open-toed shoes or loose clothing\n* Remove objects on hands and wrists (including rings, bracelets, & watches)\n* Remove dangly necklaces, hair ornaments, and earrings\n* Restrain long hair to prevent entanglement\n* Do not wear gloves\nDo not leave machines running unattended.", "All powered woodcutting and sanding tools must be run with dust collection or vacuum equipment connected to the appropriate ports and on at all times.", "Smoke or sparks are bad signs in the woodshop. Stop what you are doing and correct the problem. Usually correct feed and depth of cut or getting a sharp bit / blade will help.", "All wood must be processed according to our Materials Cutting Chart. Wood considered highly toxic, or containing lead paint or mold, is never to be machined in the space. Wood with nails, screws, staples, etc., must not be cut with the large power saws. You must read the full cutting chart for all details (also posted in the woodshop).", "No wet or damp items of any type (including containers, rags, limbs) may be placed or left on horizontal machine surfaces.", "Clean your machines, your work space, and put all tools away when finished. Scrap wood should be placed in designated locations. Use vacuums or hand brushes to clean machinery." ] }, "parsed_md": "Basic woodshop safety rules - Artisan's Asylum\n\n# Basic woodshop safety rules\n\n### From Artisan's Asylum\n\nJump to: navigation, search\n\nThese are the basic rules for safe use of the woodshop. If you do not follow\nthese rules, we cannot let you use the shop.\n\n### General Shop Safety\n\n 1. Do not use any machine you are not trained on and comfortable using. If at any time you are unsure of what you are doing, stop immediately and ask for help. Do not force tools.\n 2. Do not use any machine that is not in good working order. Stop, leave a note on the machine and notify maintenanceREmaintenanceMOartisansasylum.comVEME@artisansasylum.com\n 3. Wear safety glasses at all times when in the shop area, including near the machine shop.\n 4. Ear protection is also recommended, many of the tools operate above 90 decibels and without protection, you are losing hearing.\n 5. When using power tools (including hand power tools):\n\n * No open-toed shoes or loose clothing\n * Remove objects on hands and wrists (including rings, bracelets, & watches)\n * Remove dangly necklaces, hair ornaments, and earrings\n * Restrain long hair to prevent entanglement\n * Do not wear gloves\n 6. Do not leave machines running unattended.\n\n### Woodshop Specific Safety\n\n 1. All powered woodcutting and sanding tools must be run with dust collection or vacuum equipment connected to the appropriate ports and on at all times.\n 2. Smoke or sparks are bad signs in the woodshop. Stop what you are doing and correct the problem. Usually correct feed and depth of cut or getting a sharp bit / blade will help.\n 3. All wood must be processed according to our Materials Cutting Chart. Wood considered highly toxic, or containing lead paint or mold, is never to be machined in the space. Wood with nails, screws, staples, etc., must not be cut with the large power saws. You must read the full cutting chart for all details (also posted in the woodshop).\n 4. No metal cutting allowed on woodshop equipment.\n 5. No wet or damp items of any type (including containers, rags, limbs) may be placed or left on horizontal machine surfaces.\n 6. Clean your machines, your work space, and put all tools away when finished. Scrap wood should be placed in designated locations. Use vacuums or hand brushes to clean machinery.\n 7. Food and beverages allowed only on workbenches with ratty tops - never on any machine table.\n\nRetrieved from\n\"https://wiki.artisansasylum.com/index.php/Basic_woodshop_safety_rules\"\n\nCategories: Safety Policies | Shop Rules\n\n##### Views\n\n * Page\n * Discussion\n * View source\n * History\n\n##### Personal tools\n\n * Log in\n\n##### Artisan's Asylum\n\n * Blog\n * Classes\n * Calendar\n\n##### Navigation\n\n * Main Page\n * Shops\n * Tools\n * Materials\n * Community\n * Mailing Lists\n * Resources\n * Projects\n * Policies\n\n##### Quick Links\n\n * Mailing Lists\n * List of Tools\n * Material Sources\n * Tool Reservations\n\n##### Wiki Maintenance\n\n * Editing Help\n * Recent changes\n\n##### Toolbox\n\n * What links here\n * Related changes\n * Special pages\n * Printable version\n * Permanent link\n\n * This page was last modified on 1 July 2013, at 22:55.\n * This page has been accessed 11,795 times.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.dansworld.com:80/faq.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191118034412/http://www.dansworld.com:80/faq.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "SKATE FAQ", "passages": [ "Note: This FAQ was written circa 1994. While most of the answers are still informative and relevant, this document is no longer being updated or maintained.", "This is the FAQ file compiled by the members of the alt.skate-board Usenet newsgroup. Most of the questions tend to be asked by people who skated as a kid, possibly gave up for a while, and have now realised what they're missing. At the moment people with access to the 'net tend to be slightly older than the average skater. As a result this FAQ serves a specific purpose in a certain way and does not necessarily provide a complete picture of skating today. (Journalists trawling for background information beware!)", "Please remember this is an international resource and some of the information may not be appropriate for your part of the world. Your language, spelling and terminology may vary.", "This question is asked by many borne-again skaters who skated in the late eighties, gave up for a while, and are now surprised by the new style of equipment they find in the shops. \"Old School\" refers to the eighties type equipment many skaters on the 'net grew up with. For information about the older stuff (not such a frequently asked question), see the history section.", "Deck = skinny, short-ish, almost-symmetrical, possibly slick, slight concave, possibly more nose that tail kick, anything goes graphics, no wheel wells, black grip, \"Fuct\" sticker.", "Deck = wide, longish, asymmetrical, wood bottom, lots of concave, not much nose with wide tail, \"death\" graphics, wheel wells, snot-green coloured grip, millions of stickers.", "Wheels = large, not so hard, thick-ish, with no flat spots. Hardware = risers, nose guard, rails, Lapper, Grind Kings, Copers, grip, Tail Bone.", "Wheel disadvantages = lose speed quickly, flat spot easily, hang up on a tick-tack, can't handle \"real\" streets, too hard for some terrains.", "Wheel advantages = lose speed slowly, flat spot with difficulty, don't hang up on a tick tack, can handle \"real\" streets, wheels exist for all terrains.", "You can buy complete \"toy\" skateboards, made in places like Taiwan, in the appropriate shops. Here we're talking about the cost of what we would call a \"real\" skateboard, all of them made in the USA. There is a vast difference in terms of performance.", "You need to either find a shop which specialises in skateboard equipment or use mail order (unless you know a sponsored skater, of course.) Check the magazine list to find your local mag, which will probably have adverts. If there are no magazines, or no skate-shops in your country you'll need to mail order from another country. The cheapest place will be in the USA, so get a copy of Thrasher which carries lots of mail order ads.", "Stuff you get for free. The US stuff is generally the best to go with, by \"real\" companies. For locally produced stuff, best to ask a local skater.", "Wood decks are made out of plain maple laminates. Slick boards have a layer of slippery plastic bonded to the bottom.", "You can have just wood, but not just the slick part. Slick on wood if you require extra slide/strength. Slick decks are usually heavier than wood ones. Current preference of most serious skaters is for wood these days. It also works out cheaper.", "Only if you want your wheels to roll. I never clean them or lube them as I'd rather be actually skating than toying with my board. Exceptions are during winter when there is plenty of time to do shit like that, or when something is really drastically fucking up overall board performance, or your board just went for a swim.", "608zz bearings. Two to a wheel. make wheel roll. common bearings, w/ my opinions: NMB: standard, good, American (?); GMN: German, really good; Black Russians: really fast, black, don't seem like they're good until you're rolling on them; SKF, Singapore, shitty, slow, blowouts, Michael Fey; Swiss, Powell made, among others, super fast, not worth it for street, ramps, okay. This is a precision bearing (ah, hell, they ALL are) and I think it's a waste to get them grimy in the street. Quickies, Shorty's brand, fast, removable shield so they can be cleaned or rode w/o. The rating system for bearings is called ABEC. ABEC 1 is standard, and ABEC 3 is the best (as far as we're concerned). Swiss is ABEC 3, and Quickies is ABEC 1 w/ some ABEC 3 properties. [regurgitation mode off] Yes, in-liners use the same bearing. What a waste of an entry.", "Not if you want to look cool and move well. If you are a vert skater this statement should be ignored if you want to live to a ripe old age, or at all, really.", "This list only includes commercial magazines which should be available via skate shops in the relevant countries. Magazines marked * should also be available at news-stands.", "*Sidewalk Surfer 2a The Bridge Centre, Bridge Street, Abingdon, OXON, OX14 3HN ENGLAND Phone +44 (0)1235 536229 Fax +44 (0)1235 536230", "(03-3533-7985)\n*Fine [details to follow] (a big crappy fashion mag with maybe 3 or 4 photos of skating in every issue).", "*Big Brother 815 N. Nash El Segundo CA 90245 USA (310 640 7082) *Slap [Might as well use the same address as Thrasher] *Thrasher 1303 Underwood Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA (415 822 3083) *Transworld Skateboarding 353 Airport Road, Oceanside, CA 92033 USA (619 722 7777) e-mail:transkate@aol.com", "At the moment the list does not include zines. But there is at least one non- commercial specialist magazine which has been going for many years and has a truly international distribution via subscription.", "A video tape showing skaters doing their thing, like eating strange objects, destroying property, crashing cars, chasing Bettys, throwing up, shooting up, blowing things up, and possibly some of the best skateboarding you are likely to ever see if you don't live in a major skate centre on this planet. May contain harsh language, distressing images, soft pornography, subliminal messages, back-masking and skating, music and image quality that ranges from \"I could do better than that!\" (So, why don't you?) to \"Oh fuck, did you see that?\" (No, I was ordering the pizza, can we rewind it again and see it in slow motion please?)", "Staying on long enough to do the next trick. Skating for years without breaking too many bones. Kickturns, fakies, backside and frontside airs, grinds, 50-50's, rock'n'rolls, board slides, Ollies, Texans 'cos they make me laugh (yeah!).", "Doing a trick as if you were opposite footed to what you naturally are. If you have no natural stance, you really are new school and shouldn't even be reading this. If you don't know what your natural stance is, you'd better keep reading.", "Ramp skating happens on ramps, while street skating happens just about everywhere else except pools, concrete parks, slalom courses, roller rinks, contest freestyle areas, etc. Unless of course there is a bench or some other obstacle nearby. Street skating, despite its name, rarely happens on streets. The things you actually skate while street skating are pretty hard for cars and stuff to get at.", "Slalom, downhill (try it, it nearly killed me once), freestyle, vertical (not just ramps, there was a day when concrete skate structures were erected specifically for skateboarders), pool, utilitarian (skate down the shop for a coke), soul (skate by yourself at your local spot like I do), bank/ditch (my personal favourite)...", "Most skating at the moment takes place in areas not intended for skating. People skate anywhere and everywhere throughout our cities. Over the years different types of purpose built skate facilities have been developed, but few have matched the challenge of the every-day surroundings of our urban lives.", "It's a place for skaters to narc each other out and see who has the freshest pants this week. Some people skate too. I don't think many actually exist in the US due to litigation-madness, but in the rest of the world there are even free public spots to be scoped. Hell, there's even a good one in my home town.", "AUSTRALIA The \"Slushy\" banks, 3 minutes skate from my house, Henley Beach, Adelaide, South Australia, AUSTRALIA. The \"Sheister\" banks, 30 minutes drive from my house, some-suburb-I- can't-remember-the-name-of-at-the-moment, Adelaide, South Australia, AUSTRALIA. Straight smooth, almost impossibly steep with little transition banks. The object of this place is to get to the other end without hurting yourself, with some style if possible, and maybe a trick along the way. Maybe not.", "UK London's \"South Bank\" is probably the one place in Britain that is widely known around the skate world. \"Radlands\", the indoor skatepark in Northampton has also received plent of international coverage.", "Buy or, better yet, steal the materials and con a carpenter friend into helping you do it. Thrasher Magazine sell plans.", "\"Standard\" ramps = 10 foot transitions, variable flat, a foot or three of vertical and at least one platform and set of stairs.", "Depends on the size and local material costs. I think my local \"standard\" ramp cost about $AUS14,000 complete with concrete foundations, two platforms, one set of steps, a bench, a bin, two trees, some bark landscaping and some safety fencing.", "Impossible to answer in an international document like this. That would be different in different places. You'd better see \"the authorities\", council, or whatever.", "Anyone you damn-well like, and no-one you don't. Let people who are visiting have a go and maybe people you just met, but be careful they don't come back to rob your house, steal your belongings, burn down your ramp, rape your pets, etc.", "Turns or rotations in the direction your toes point towards, so that your back is facing the outside of the arc. Sometimes abbreviated as 'bs' or 'b/s'\nBoardslide", "Riding backwards. We should note here that when riding fakie, your weight is balanced as in your normal stance, whereas switch-stance requires you to adjust your balance to suit a slightly different style of trick. I'd also like to point out that the distinction between switch-stance and normal is fast disappearing as people now immediately learn to ride both ways. Hopefully, in a few years, goofy-foot and regular foot will no longer exist.\nFlip Essentials", "A heelflip or kickflip varial the 'hard way.' Hard heelflip (also inside heelflip): b/s varial heelflip. Hard kickflip: f/s varial kickflip.\nHeelflip", "Ollie, front foot goes to the toe side of the board, flicking the board with the ball of the foot, flips. land.\nKickflip", "Kickflip Ollie, Ollie kickflip, Ollie flip. Ollie, front foot goes to the heel side of the board, flicking the board with your toes, board flips, land.\nNollie kickflip", "Ollie off the nose (nollie), kick the board with toes toward the heel side of the board with back foot.\n360 flip", "Turns or rotations in the direction your heels point towards, so that your front is facing towards the outside of the arc. Sometimes abbreviated as 'fs' or 'f/s'\nGoofy-foot", "Moving along an edge (coping, bench, curb, etc.) with your trucks. Scraping your trucks along an edge as you skate.", "B/s Smith: back truck grinding, front body facing away from edge (back to the edge), with heel-side rail grinding edge.", "A slide where your tail is over the deck (imaginary or real, and two-sided curbs are temporarily being excluded from examples). You can get into this by either b/s or f/s 180 Ollie (approx. measurements for street tricks, real for ramp/pool), or fakieing into it, whether fakie Ollie or just lifting your back end (tail end) up over the coping/lip/ledge. (other possibilities: fakie lipslide may be called a switch boardslide) Also: disaster slide.\nMongo-foot", "A style of pushing where the back foot is kept on the board, and pushing is done with the front foot. Very common in switch-stance skating. [viz. Bill Danforth] Also: wrong-footed.\nNose", "The front of the board, from the front two truck bolts to the end. (and don't get smart and point to the _other_ end, asshole)\nNoseslide", "Skateboarding in the opposite stance than accustomed to, and passing it off as 'normal'. i.e. a goofy-foot riding regular, and vice versa.\nTail", "The back end of the board, from the back two truck bolts to the end. (for this one, too!)\nTailslide", "Sliding the underside of the tail end of a board on a ledge or lip.\nReturn to List of Questions", "We've put this thing together for free, for the benefit of the on-line (not in-) skating community. Please respect that. By all means treat it as a source of information, but please do not reproduce it for commercial gain in magazines, CD-roms, etc. Publishing instructions on where to find it is much better: those who have WWW access will always find the latest version, and those who don't might be encouraged to get connected and track down alt.skate- board -- making the scene better for all of us." ] }, "parsed_md": "SKATE FAQ\n\niskatehere.com\n\nNote: This FAQ was written circa 1994. While most of the answers are still\ninformative and relevant, this document is no longer being updated or\nmaintained.\n\n# SKATEBOARDING FAQ\n\nThis is the FAQ file compiled by the members of the alt.skate-board Usenet\nnewsgroup. Most of the questions tend to be asked by people who skated as a\nkid, possibly gave up for a while, and have now realised what they're missing.\nAt the moment people with access to the 'net tend to be slightly older than\nthe average skater. As a result this FAQ serves a specific purpose in a\ncertain way and does not necessarily provide a complete picture of skating\ntoday. (Journalists trawling for background information beware!)\n\nPlease remember this is an international resource and some of the information\nmay not be appropriate for your part of the world. Your language, spelling and\nterminology may vary.\n\nThis FAQ was originally compiled by Tim Leighton-Boyce. Thanks Tim! Click here\nfor a text version of this document.\n\nBack to DansWORLD.\n\n# The Questions\n\nAnd the Frequently Asked Questions in the alt.skate-board Usenet newsgroup\nthese days are...\n\n * 1\\. I want to get back into skateboarding. What should I do?\n * 2\\. Equipment\n\n * 2.i What is a \"New-School Board\"?\n * 2.ii Why Would I Want One?\n * 2.iii How Much Does a Board Cost?\n * 2.iv Where Can I get One?\n * 2.v What Kind of Equipment is Best?\n\n * 2.v.i Should I get Wood or Slick?\n * 2.v.ii Wheels - Big or Little?\n * 2.v.iii Risers or not?\n * 2.v.iv How wide should my trucks be?\n * 2.v.v Do bearings really matter?\n * 2.vi Should I Wear Pads?\n * 3\\. What Magazines are There?\n * 4\\. What is a Skateboard Video?\n * 5\\. How Do I learn To Skate?\n\n * 5.i What are the Basic Tricks?\n * 5.ii What is Switch-stance?\n * 5.iii What is the Difference between Ramp and Street Skating?\n * 5.iv What Other Forms of Skating are There?\n * 6\\. Where Can I Skate?\n\n * 6.i What is a Skate Park?\n * 6.ii What are some Famous Skate Spots?\n * 6.iii Ramps\n\n * 6.iii.i How can I Build a Ramp?\n * 6.iii.ii What are the Different Kinds of Ramps?\n * 6.iii.iii How Much do they Cost to Build?\n * 6.iii.iv What kind of Legalities are There Regarding Ramp Building?\n * 6.iii.v Who Should I let Skate My Ramp?\n * 7\\. History Section\n * 8\\. Jargon Section\n * 9\\. Credits\n\n## 1\\. I want to Get Back Into Skateboarding.\n\nBeg, borrow, steal or buy a board. Go skate.\n\n## 2\\. Equipment\n\n### 2.i What is a \"New School\" board?\n\nThis question is asked by many borne-again skaters who skated in the late\neighties, gave up for a while, and are now surprised by the new style of\nequipment they find in the shops. \"Old School\" refers to the eighties type\nequipment many skaters on the 'net grew up with. For information about the\nolder stuff (not such a frequently asked question), see the history section.\n\n * #### New School:\n\n * Deck = skinny, short-ish, almost-symmetrical, possibly slick, slight concave, possibly more nose that tail kick, anything goes graphics, no wheel wells, black grip, \"Fuct\" sticker.\n * Wheels = small, hard, thin, with flat spots.\n * Hardware = what hardware?\n * Trucks = what design improvements?\n * #### Old School:\n\n * Deck = wide, longish, asymmetrical, wood bottom, lots of concave, not much nose with wide tail, \"death\" graphics, wheel wells, snot-green coloured grip, millions of stickers.\n * Wheels = large, not so hard, thick-ish, with no flat spots. Hardware = risers, nose guard, rails, Lapper, Grind Kings, Copers, grip, Tail Bone.\n * Trucks = see new school trucks.\n\n### 2.ii Why Would I Want A \"New School\" Board?\n\n * #### New School:\n\n * Deck advantages = \"snappy\", nose room, saves trees.\n * Deck disadvantages = snappy, thin.\n * Wheel advantages = get up to speed quickly.\n * Wheel disadvantages = lose speed quickly, flat spot easily, hang up on a tick-tack, can't handle \"real\" streets, too hard for some terrains.\n * Hardware advantages = what hardware?\n * Hardware disadvantages = what hardware?\n * Set-up advantages = light, low centre of gravity, manoeuvrable, street credibility.\n * Disadvantages = designed obsolescence, tiring as a mode of transport.\n * #### Old School:\n\n * Deck advantages = foot holding concave.\n * Deck disadvantages = no nose room, kills trees.\n * Wheel advantages = lose speed slowly, flat spot with difficulty, don't hang up on a tick tack, can handle \"real\" streets, wheels exist for all terrains.\n * Wheel disadvantages = get up to speed slowly.\n * Hardware advantages = what advantages?\n * Hardware disadvantages = noise pollution.\n * Set-up advantages = last a lifetime, pool credibility.\n * Set-up disadvantages = heavy, high centre of gravity, not so manoeuvrable, tiring as a mode of transport!\n\n### 2.iii How Much Does a New Board Cost?\n\nYou can buy complete \"toy\" skateboards, made in places like Taiwan, in the\nappropriate shops. Here we're talking about the cost of what we would call a\n\"real\" skateboard, all of them made in the USA. There is a vast difference in\nterms of performance.\n\n * Australia = $AUS 300 for a complete good quality US set-up.\n * USA = around US$100\n * UK = about UKP 120+.\n * Everywhere else on the planet = probably the same as Australia.\n\n### 2.iv Where Can I Get a Board?\n\nYou need to either find a shop which specialises in skateboard equipment or\nuse mail order (unless you know a sponsored skater, of course.) Check the\nmagazine list to find your local mag, which will probably have adverts. If\nthere are no magazines, or no skate-shops in your country you'll need to mail\norder from another country. The cheapest place will be in the USA, so get a\ncopy of Thrasher which carries lots of mail order ads.\n\n * Australia = at one of about half a dozen skate shops in the whole country.\n * USA = specialist skate shops in areas with high population, or by mail order.\n * UK = at one of 30 or so skate shops, or by mail order.\n * Everywhere else on the planet = probably the same as Australia.\n\n### 2.v What Kind of Equipment is Best?\n\nStuff you get for free. The US stuff is generally the best to go with, by\n\"real\" companies. For locally produced stuff, best to ask a local skater.\n\n#### 2.v.i Should I get Wood or Slick?\n\nWood decks are made out of plain maple laminates. Slick boards have a layer of\nslippery plastic bonded to the bottom.\n\nYou can have just wood, but not just the slick part. Slick on wood if you\nrequire extra slide/strength. Slick decks are usually heavier than wood ones.\nCurrent preference of most serious skaters is for wood these days. It also\nworks out cheaper.\n\n#### 2.v.ii Wheels - Big or Little?\n\nMedium thanks.\n\nWheel sizes plunged below 40mm in the early nineties, but since then they've\nincreased again.\n\n#### 2.v.iii Risers or Not?\n\nSmall ones or none for small wheels.\n\n#### 2.v.iv How Wide Should my Trucks be?\n\nSo your wheels are level or even slightly in from the deck edges, when set-up.\n\n#### 2.v.v Do Bearings Really Matter?\n\nOnly if you want your wheels to roll. I never clean them or lube them as I'd\nrather be actually skating than toying with my board. Exceptions are during\nwinter when there is plenty of time to do shit like that, or when something is\nreally drastically fucking up overall board performance, or your board just\nwent for a swim.\n\nBut if you're serious about this kind of thing...\n\n> 608zz bearings. Two to a wheel. make wheel roll. common bearings, w/ my\n> opinions: NMB: standard, good, American (?); GMN: German, really good; Black\n> Russians: really fast, black, don't seem like they're good until you're\n> rolling on them; SKF, Singapore, shitty, slow, blowouts, Michael Fey; Swiss,\n> Powell made, among others, super fast, not worth it for street, ramps, okay.\n> This is a precision bearing (ah, hell, they ALL are) and I think it's a\n> waste to get them grimy in the street. Quickies, Shorty's brand, fast,\n> removable shield so they can be cleaned or rode w/o. The rating system for\n> bearings is called ABEC. ABEC 1 is standard, and ABEC 3 is the best (as far\n> as we're concerned). Swiss is ABEC 3, and Quickies is ABEC 1 w/ some ABEC 3\n> properties. [regurgitation mode off] Yes, in-liners use the same bearing.\n> What a waste of an entry.\n\n### 2.vi Should I wear Pads?\n\nNot if you want to look cool and move well. If you are a vert skater this\nstatement should be ignored if you want to live to a ripe old age, or at all,\nreally.\n\nReturn to List of Questions\n\n## 3\\. Skateboard Magazines\n\nThis list only includes commercial magazines which should be available via\nskate shops in the relevant countries. Magazines marked * should also be\navailable at news-stands.\n\nThere are details of magazines from these countries:\n\n* Australia\n* Brazil\n* Britain\n* Canada\n* France\n* Germany\n* Italy\n* Japan\n* Mexico\n* Portugal\n* Russia\n* Spain\n* Sweden\n* USA\n\nThere's also information about specialist magazines concentrating on for\nexample, Slalom and Downhill Racing.\n\nVideo Magazines are also listed.\n\n### AUSTRALIA\n\n*Slam\n PO Box 823, Burleigh Heads, QLD 4220, AUSTRALIA.\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### BRAZIL\n\n*(?) Skatin\n Rua Paquetita 145, 70 Andar, Conj. 71, Vila Olimpia, Sao Paulo, SO, CEP, 04552, BRAZIL (11 2125233) [Still publishing? What about Trip?]\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### BRITAIN\n\n*Sidewalk Surfer\n 2a The Bridge Centre, Bridge Street, Abingdon, OXON, OX14 3HN ENGLAND Phone +44 (0)1235 536229 Fax +44 (0)1235 536230\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### CANADA\n\n* Concrete Powder,\n 7411 Elmbridge Way, Richmond, BC, V6X 2B8 CANADA (604 279 8408) [+ snowboarding]\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### FRANCE\n\n*B-Side\n 18 rue Marcel Miquel, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, FRANCE (4662 9568)\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### GERMANY\n\n*(?) Monster Mag\n Friedrich-Ebert Str 15, D 4400 Munster GERMANY (251 520052)\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### ITALY\n\n*(?) XXX Magazine\n Via 1 Maggio, 9 - 22073 Fino Mornasco (COMO) ITALY (031 880 562)\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### JAPAN\n\nLovely Magazine...\n\n (03-3533-7985)\n*Fine\n [details to follow] (a big crappy fashion mag with maybe 3 or 4 photos of skating in every issue).\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### MEXICO\n\n*(?) Skate,\n #115-B, Col. Lomas de Barrilaco, 11100 D.F. MEXICO (516 96 333435)\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### PORTUGAL\n\n* Surf/Skate\n Rua de Jogo, fs Xico Morgado, Bolembre, 2710 Sintra, PORTUGAL (3511 4716958)\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### RUSSIA\n\n*Skeit Novosti\n 28 Volzhskaya St, Saratov, 410601, RUSSIA. (845 2 260509)\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### SPAIN\n\n*Tres 60 Skate\n C/Iparraguirre, 59, 2.0, Santurce-Vizcaya, 48980, SPAIN. (4 461 4474)\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### SWEDEN\n\n*Funsport\n Box 23126, Stockholm, F-10435, SWEDEN (08 330030) [various things including skateboarding]\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### USA\n\n*Big Brother\n 815 N. Nash El Segundo CA 90245 USA (310 640 7082)\n*Slap\n [Might as well use the same address as Thrasher]\n*Thrasher\n 1303 Underwood Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA (415 822 3083)\n*Transworld Skateboarding\n 353 Airport Road, Oceanside, CA 92033 USA (619 722 7777) e-mail:transkate@aol.com\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n### SPECIALIST\n\nAt the moment the list does not include zines. But there is at least one non-\ncommercial specialist magazine which has been going for many years and has a\ntruly international distribution via subscription.\n\nSlalom!\n\n c/o Jani Soderhall 14 Allee d'Arachon F-91370 Verriers le Buisson FRANCE\n\n### VIDEO MAGAZINES\n\n411\n\n 1351A Logan Ave Costa Mesa Ca 92626 (714 641 7037)\nThrasher\n\n 1303 Underwood Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94124 USA (415 822 3083)\n\nReturn to List of Countries\n\n## 4\\. What is a Skating Video?\n\nA video tape showing skaters doing their thing, like eating strange objects,\ndestroying property, crashing cars, chasing Bettys, throwing up, shooting up,\nblowing things up, and possibly some of the best skateboarding you are likely\nto ever see if you don't live in a major skate centre on this planet. May\ncontain harsh language, distressing images, soft pornography, subliminal\nmessages, back-masking and skating, music and image quality that ranges from\n\"I could do better than that!\" (So, why don't you?) to \"Oh fuck, did you see\nthat?\" (No, I was ordering the pizza, can we rewind it again and see it in\nslow motion please?)\n\nReturn to List of Questions\n\n## 5\\. How do I learn to skate?\n\nBeg, borrow, steal or buy a board. Go skate.\n\n### 5.i What are the Basic Tricks?\n\nStaying on long enough to do the next trick. Skating for years without\nbreaking too many bones. Kickturns, fakies, backside and frontside airs,\ngrinds, 50-50's, rock'n'rolls, board slides, Ollies, Texans 'cos they make me\nlaugh (yeah!).\n\n### 5.ii What is Switch-stance?\n\nDoing a trick as if you were opposite footed to what you naturally are. If you\nhave no natural stance, you really are new school and shouldn't even be\nreading this. If you don't know what your natural stance is, you'd better keep\nreading.\n\n### 5.iii What is the difference between ramp and street skating?\n\nRamp skating happens on ramps, while street skating happens just about\neverywhere else except pools, concrete parks, slalom courses, roller rinks,\ncontest freestyle areas, etc. Unless of course there is a bench or some other\nobstacle nearby. Street skating, despite its name, rarely happens on streets.\nThe things you actually skate while street skating are pretty hard for cars\nand stuff to get at.\n\n### 5.iv What Other Forms of Skating are There?\n\nSlalom, downhill (try it, it nearly killed me once), freestyle, vertical (not\njust ramps, there was a day when concrete skate structures were erected\nspecifically for skateboarders), pool, utilitarian (skate down the shop for a\ncoke), soul (skate by yourself at your local spot like I do), bank/ditch (my\npersonal favourite)...\n\nReturn to List of Questions\n\n## 6 Where Can I Skate?\n\nAnywhere they don't bust you, and sometimes even there.\n\n> Most skating at the moment takes place in areas not intended for skating.\n> People skate anywhere and everywhere throughout our cities. Over the years\n> different types of purpose built skate facilities have been developed, but\n> few have matched the challenge of the every-day surroundings of our urban\n> lives.\n\n### 6.i What is a Skate Park?\n\nIt's a place for skaters to narc each other out and see who has the freshest\npants this week. Some people skate too. I don't think many actually exist in\nthe US due to litigation-madness, but in the rest of the world there are even\nfree public spots to be scoped. Hell, there's even a good one in my home town.\n\n### 6.ii What are some Famous Skate Spots?\n\nWhat a question!\n\n * AUSTRALIA The \"Slushy\" banks, 3 minutes skate from my house, Henley Beach, Adelaide, South Australia, AUSTRALIA. The \"Sheister\" banks, 30 minutes drive from my house, some-suburb-I- can't-remember-the-name-of-at-the-moment, Adelaide, South Australia, AUSTRALIA. Straight smooth, almost impossibly steep with little transition banks. The object of this place is to get to the other end without hurting yourself, with some style if possible, and maybe a trick along the way. Maybe not.\n * USA San Francisco's \"Embarcadero\" has been the most heavily featured skate spot in the world during the early nineties.\n * UK London's \"South Bank\" is probably the one place in Britain that is widely known around the skate world. \"Radlands\", the indoor skatepark in Northampton has also received plent of international coverage.\n\n### 6.iii Ramps\n\n#### 6.iii.i How can I Build a Ramp?\n\nBuy or, better yet, steal the materials and con a carpenter friend into\nhelping you do it. Thrasher Magazine sell plans.\n\nHeckler Magazine has online ramp plans.\n\nAlso, a separate ramp building tips FAQ is available at DansWORLD.\n\n#### 6.iii.ii What are the Different Kinds of Ramps?\n\n * Jump ramps = get boring pretty quickly.\n * \"Standard\" ramps = 10 foot transitions, variable flat, a foot or three of vertical and at least one platform and set of stairs.\n * Mini-ramps = all shapes and sizes.\n\n#### 6.iii.iii How Much do they Cost to Build?\n\nDepends on the size and local material costs. I think my local \"standard\" ramp\ncost about $AUS14,000 complete with concrete foundations, two platforms, one\nset of steps, a bench, a bin, two trees, some bark landscaping and some safety\nfencing.\n\n#### 6.iii.iv What kind of Legalities are There Regarding Ramp Building?\n\nImpossible to answer in an international document like this. That would be\ndifferent in different places. You'd better see \"the authorities\", council, or\nwhatever.\n\n#### 6.iii.v Who Should I let Skate My Ramp?\n\nAnyone you damn-well like, and no-one you don't. Let people who are visiting\nhave a go and maybe people you just met, but be careful they don't come back\nto rob your house, steal your belongings, burn down your ramp, rape your pets,\netc.\n\nReturn to List of Questions\n\n## History Section\n\nThe history section is starting to take shape as a separate series of\ndocuments at the Dansworld site.\n\nReturn to List of Questions\n\n## Jargon Section\n\nBackside\n\n Turns or rotations in the direction your toes point towards, so that your back is facing the outside of the arc. Sometimes abbreviated as 'bs' or 'b/s'\nBoardslide\n\n A trick where you lift your front truck over the lip/coping/what-have-you and slide. Also: railslide.\nFakie\n\n Riding backwards. We should note here that when riding fakie, your weight is balanced as in your normal stance, whereas switch-stance requires you to adjust your balance to suit a slightly different style of trick. I'd also like to point out that the distinction between switch-stance and normal is fast disappearing as people now immediately learn to ride both ways. Hopefully, in a few years, goofy-foot and regular foot will no longer exist.\nFlip Essentials\n\n \n\nFlip tricks are the core of modern street skating.\n\nHard flip\n\n A heelflip or kickflip varial the 'hard way.' Hard heelflip (also inside heelflip): b/s varial heelflip. Hard kickflip: f/s varial kickflip.\nHeelflip\n\n Ollie, front foot goes to the toe side of the board, flicking the board with the ball of the foot, flips. land.\nKickflip\n\n Kickflip Ollie, Ollie kickflip, Ollie flip. Ollie, front foot goes to the heel side of the board, flicking the board with your toes, board flips, land.\nNollie kickflip\n\n Ollie off the nose (nollie), kick the board with toes toward the heel side of the board with back foot.\n360 flip\n\n A 360 degree b/s varial kickflip.\nVarial\n\n Rotation of board or body.\nFrontside\n\n Turns or rotations in the direction your heels point towards, so that your front is facing towards the outside of the arc. Sometimes abbreviated as 'fs' or 'f/s'\nGoofy-foot\n\n Someone whose normal skate stance is with the right foot forward. [surfers] As opposed to regular-foot.\nGrind\n\n \n\nMoving along an edge (coping, bench, curb, etc.) with your trucks. Scraping\nyour trucks along an edge as you skate.\n\n * Types of grinds:\n\n * Crooked: nosegrind with nose sliding at the same time. Also: K\n * B/s feeble: back truck grinding, b/s, toe-side rail grinding (sliding?) edge (front truck is over the deck). Also: grapefruit.\n * 50-50: both trucks grinding.\n * 5-O: just back truck grinding.\n * Nosegrind: just front truck grinding.\n * F/s Smith: back truck grinding, front body facing edge, with toe-side rail grinding edge also.\n * B/s Smith: back truck grinding, front body facing away from edge (back to the edge), with heel-side rail grinding edge.\n * (all tricks can be done b/s, f/s, fakie, etc. Explanations are for clarity and visualising)\n\nLipslide\n\n A slide where your tail is over the deck (imaginary or real, and two-sided curbs are temporarily being excluded from examples). You can get into this by either b/s or f/s 180 Ollie (approx. measurements for street tricks, real for ramp/pool), or fakieing into it, whether fakie Ollie or just lifting your back end (tail end) up over the coping/lip/ledge. (other possibilities: fakie lipslide may be called a switch boardslide) Also: disaster slide.\nMongo-foot\n\n A style of pushing where the back foot is kept on the board, and pushing is done with the front foot. Very common in switch-stance skating. [viz. Bill Danforth] Also: wrong-footed.\nNose\n\n The front of the board, from the front two truck bolts to the end. (and don't get smart and point to the _other_ end, asshole)\nNoseslide\n\n Sliding the underside of the nose end of a board on a ledge or lip.\nRegular-foot\n\n Someone whose normal skate stance is with the left foot forward. [cf. 'goofy-foot']\nSwitch-stance\n\n Skateboarding in the opposite stance than accustomed to, and passing it off as 'normal'. i.e. a goofy-foot riding regular, and vice versa.\nTail\n\n The back end of the board, from the back two truck bolts to the end. (for this one, too!)\nTailslide\n\n Sliding the underside of the tail end of a board on a ledge or lip.\n\nReturn to List of Questions\n\n# Credits\n\nThe alt.skate-board FAQ is the work of, among others,\n\nDan Dunham dunhamda@isl.cps.msu.edu\n\nMatthew B Gross dirtboy@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu\n\nTim Leighton-Boyce tim_lb@c21pub.demon.co.uk\n\nJohn Nixon jnixon@spam.maths.adelaide.edu.au\n\nRick Valenzuela\n\nWe've put this thing together for free, for the benefit of the on-line (not\nin-) skating community. Please respect that. By all means treat it as a source\nof information, but please do not reproduce it for commercial gain in\nmagazines, CD-roms, etc. Publishing instructions on where to find it is much\nbetter: those who have WWW access will always find the latest version, and\nthose who don't might be encouraged to get connected and track down alt.skate-\nboard -- making the scene better for all of us.\n\nThis version: October 24th 1995\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.diyskate.com:80/ramps.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190514182000/http://www.diyskate.com:80/ramps.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to make a skateboard ramp • DIYskate.com", "passages": [ "Ramps, ramps and more ramps! Here is where you can find FREE ramp plans showing you how to make a skateboard ramp and other skate structures.", "I'm adding new plans as often as I can, so always keep an eye out for new pages. If you'd like, you can even suggest a ramp plan of your own - Please be detailed when suggesting an idea.", "The plans for a how to make a Manual Pad, 3' Mini Ramp and how to make a Grind Rail are the most recent of the free skateboard ramp plans, enjoy!" ] }, "parsed_md": "How to make a skateboard ramp • DIYskate.com\n\nHow to make a skateboard ramp\n\n * DIY Home\n * DIY Ramps\n * DIY Skateboard\n * DIY Glossary\n * DIY Gallery\n * DIY Store\n * DIY Map\n * Advertise\n * Contact\n * Donate\n\n#### Latest pages:\n\nChicago Barrier Alright, I have a buddy named Kevin...\n\nRead more...\n\nGrind Ledge A skateboard grind ledge is easy to build and...\n\nRead more...\n\nFun Box This funbox is 1'-6 tall, 4ft. wide and...\n\nRead more...\n\n#### Last Update:\n\nJanuary 31, 2017\n\n## How to make a skateboard ramp, ledges and more\n\nRamps, ramps and more ramps! Here is where you can find FREE ramp plans\nshowing you how to make a skateboard ramp and other skate structures.\n\nI'm adding new plans as often as I can, so always keep an eye out for new\npages. If you'd like, you can even suggest a ramp plan of your own - Please be\ndetailed when suggesting an idea.\n\nThe plans for a how to make a Manual Pad, 3' Mini Ramp and how to make a Grind\nRail are the most recent of the free skateboard ramp plans, enjoy! \n \n--- \n \nRamps!\n\nRamp Building Tips| Lumber & Plywood| Ramp Foundations| Grind Rail \n---|---|---|--- \nPicnic Ledge| Grind Box| Kicker Ramp| Micro Quarter \n---|---|---|--- \nStair Ledge| Angled Ledge| Micro spine| Kicker Ledge \n---|---|---|--- \nBank Ramp| Launch Ramp| Cinder Block Ledge| 3' quarter \n---|---|---|--- \n3ft Mini Ramp| Funbox & Ledge| Jersey Barrier| Chicago Barrier \n---|---|---|--- \n\"Weldless\" Grind Rail| Wall Ride| Manual Pad \n---|---|--- \n \nHow To Make Ramps • How To Make Skateboards\n\n• •\n\nSkateboard Ramps • Copyright © 2007-2017 DIYskate.com\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.woodworkweb.com/woodwork-topics/woodworking-safety/262-the-10-safety-rules-every-woodworker-needs-to-know.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210302150001/https://www.woodworkweb.com/woodwork-topics/woodworking-safety/262-the-10-safety-rules-every-woodworker-needs-to-know.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "The 10 Safety Rules Every Woodworker Should Know", "passages": [ "Woodworking is among one of the safest and enjoyable hobbies you can do, provided you adhere to a set of rudimentary and easy to follow safety rules. These woodworking safety rules are designed to be easy to remember and are mostly common sense. That being said, failure to comply with the safety rules can cause serious injury. The work shop is not the place to careless. It is the place to learn and adopt good safety working habits which will in turn make woodworking more fun and enjoyable.", "1. Always Wear Safety Equipment This might seem like a common sense kind of rule, but it’s an important one to remember. During usage of loud power tools like routers and surface planers, wearing ear protection is a noted advantage. Similarly, wear latex gloves while applying finishes. NEVER BE WITHOUT YOUR SAFETY GLASSES. These should be the first thing you reach for when entering the shop.", "2. Wear The Right Clothes The problem with wearing baggy or loose clothes is the very high chance that a part of them might get caught in a cutting head or saw blade. As a result, try to always wear clothes that you are a better match for the woodworking environment, but also protect you. Also always ensure that any dangling jewellery or metal such as chains or bracelets, are removed before commencing work.", "3. Avoid Using Anything That Can Impair Your Reaction Time and Judgement It’s like when you’re driving a car: you want to stay out of the alcohol and drug cabinets to avoid accidents. In the wood shop, the dangers are even higher by inadvertently using the wrong tool because you’re too out of it to see what you are doing wrong. NEVER mix alcohol with work, even if it’s just a beer...or ten.", "4. Disconnect Power Always remember to disconnect the power source itself before changing blades or bits on your power tools. In addition to ensuring the switch is off, make sure there is no electricity being powered to the tool, since the switch can malfunction and/or accidentally get turned on.", "5. Use A Single Extension Cord Using one heavy duty extension cord for all your power tools will ensure that you switch off the power for each tool. Too many cords can get confusing and be a tripping hazard.", "6. Never Use Blunt Blades & Bits While this might seem obvious seeing as how dangerous a dull cutting tool can be. Dull tools will need to be made to work harder to cut and as a result can bind or kick back. Sharp bits and blades will ensure cleaner cuts as well.", "7. Check Stock for Existing Metal Before sawing through or making a cut, ensure that the piece of stock doesn’t have existing nails, screws or other pieces of metal lodged into it already. Spinning blades and nails (and other pieces of metal) don’t mix well together causing damage to both the stock and the cutting head. It can also cause stock to kick back and cause injury, so always ensure (or use a metal detector to ensure for you) that the stock is clean.", "8. Work Against The Cutter Most power tools are built in a way that requires the direction a piece of wood moves through the tool, is the opposite direction of the cutting head’s movement. So you need to ensure that the blade or router bit cuts against the motion of the wood instead of with it.", "9. Never Reach Over A Running Blade Always wait until a spinning blade has stopped moving before reaching to remove waste or cut-offs etc. Or to be on the extremely safe side, remove waste by using a push stick or piece of scrap so as to ensure an inadvertent power tool switch malfunction, doesn’t turn deadly.", "10. Minimize Distractions When dealing with distractions, you want to ensure that you finish what you were doing (finishing a cut, especially when working with a power tool) before turning your attention elsewhere.", "Woodworkweb is a participant in the GoAffPro Affiliate Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to the partner site", "All logos and trademarks in this site are property of woodworkweb and/or their respective owner(s). All rights reserved unless otherwise provided as noted, please report any copyright infringements to the email noted elswhere on this site." ] }, "parsed_md": "The 10 Safety Rules Every Woodworker Should Know\n\n * Woodworking Topics\n\n * Woodworking Tools\n * General Woodworking\n * Wood Finishing\n * Shop Tips\n * Furniture Making\n * Scroll Saw & Intarsia\n * Wood Turning & Carving\n * Woodworking Tool Reviews\n * Feature Members\n * Wood\n * Woodworking Ebooks\n * Woodworking Plans\n * Safety\n * Wood Rescue Program\n * Woodworking Forums\n * Web Links\n\n * Woodworking Videos\n\n * Beginners Woodworking Videos\n * Woodworking Jigs Videos\n * Woodworking Tools Videos\n * Box Making Videos\n * Lumber & Wood Videos\n * Furniture Making Videos\n * Woodworking Tips Videos\n * Picture Frame Making Videos\n * Tool Review Videos\n * Tour Videos\n * General Woodworking Videos\n * Kitchen Projects Videos\n * Wood Finishing Videos\n * Wood Smart Phone & Tablet Projects\n * Outdoor Woodwork Projects\n * Wood Joinery Videos\n * Wood Toy & Model Making\n\n * Amazon Store\n * Merchandise\n\n## The 10 Safety Rules Every Woodworker Should Know\n\nDetails\n\n \n\nHits: 125367\n\nWoodworking is among one of the safest and enjoyable hobbies you can do,\nprovided you adhere to a set of rudimentary and easy to follow safety rules.\nThese woodworking safety rules are designed to be easy to remember and are\nmostly common sense. That being said, failure to comply with the safety rules\ncan cause serious injury. The work shop is not the place to careless. It is\nthe place to learn and adopt good safety working habits which will in turn\nmake woodworking more fun and enjoyable.\n\n1\\. Always Wear Safety Equipment This might seem like a common sense kind of\nrule, but it’s an important one to remember. During usage of loud power tools\nlike routers and surface planers, wearing ear protection is a noted advantage.\nSimilarly, wear latex gloves while applying finishes. NEVER BE WITHOUT YOUR\nSAFETY GLASSES. These should be the first thing you reach for when entering\nthe shop.\n\n2\\. Wear The Right Clothes The problem with wearing baggy or loose clothes is\nthe very high chance that a part of them might get caught in a cutting head or\nsaw blade. As a result, try to always wear clothes that you are a better match\nfor the woodworking environment, but also protect you. Also always ensure that\nany dangling jewellery or metal such as chains or bracelets, are removed\nbefore commencing work.\n\n3\\. Avoid Using Anything That Can Impair Your Reaction Time and Judgement It’s\nlike when you’re driving a car: you want to stay out of the alcohol and drug\ncabinets to avoid accidents. In the wood shop, the dangers are even higher by\ninadvertently using the wrong tool because you’re too out of it to see what\nyou are doing wrong. NEVER mix alcohol with work, even if it’s just a\nbeer...or ten.\n\n4\\. Disconnect Power Always remember to disconnect the power source itself\nbefore changing blades or bits on your power tools. In addition to ensuring\nthe switch is off, make sure there is no electricity being powered to the\ntool, since the switch can malfunction and/or accidentally get turned on.\n\n5\\. Use A Single Extension Cord Using one heavy duty extension cord for all\nyour power tools will ensure that you switch off the power for each tool. Too\nmany cords can get confusing and be a tripping hazard.\n\n6\\. Never Use Blunt Blades & Bits While this might seem obvious seeing as how\ndangerous a dull cutting tool can be. Dull tools will need to be made to work\nharder to cut and as a result can bind or kick back. Sharp bits and blades\nwill ensure cleaner cuts as well.\n\n7\\. Check Stock for Existing Metal Before sawing through or making a cut,\nensure that the piece of stock doesn’t have existing nails, screws or other\npieces of metal lodged into it already. Spinning blades and nails (and other\npieces of metal) don’t mix well together causing damage to both the stock and\nthe cutting head. It can also cause stock to kick back and cause injury, so\nalways ensure (or use a metal detector to ensure for you) that the stock is\nclean.\n\n8\\. Work Against The Cutter Most power tools are built in a way that requires\nthe direction a piece of wood moves through the tool, is the opposite\ndirection of the cutting head’s movement. So you need to ensure that the blade\nor router bit cuts against the motion of the wood instead of with it.\n\n9\\. Never Reach Over A Running Blade Always wait until a spinning blade has\nstopped moving before reaching to remove waste or cut-offs etc. Or to be on\nthe extremely safe side, remove waste by using a push stick or piece of scrap\nso as to ensure an inadvertent power tool switch malfunction, doesn’t turn\ndeadly.\n\n10\\. Minimize Distractions When dealing with distractions, you want to ensure\nthat you finish what you were doing (finishing a cut, especially when working\nwith a power tool) before turning your attention elsewhere.\n\nClick HERE to go to Amazon CANADA Links Page\n\n * Prev\n * Next\n\n0\n\n0\n\n0\n\ns2smodern\n\npowered by social2s\n\n## Join Us On:\n\nYouTube \n--- \nFacebook \nInstagram \nTwitter \nPinterest \nGoogle+ \nAmazon Store \nMerchandise \n \n## About WoodWorkWeb\n\n * Contact Us\n * Advertise With Us\n * About Us\n * Privacy Statement\n * Terms of Use\n * Disclaimer Statement\n * As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases\n * Woodworkweb is a participant in the GoAffPro Affiliate Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to the partner site\n\nAll logos and trademarks in this site are property of woodworkweb and/or their\nrespective owner(s). All rights reserved unless otherwise provided as noted,\nplease report any copyright infringements to the email noted elswhere on this\nsite.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.xtremeskater.com/ramp-plans/faqs/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512112842/https://www.xtremeskater.com/ramp-plans/faqs/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Skate Ramp Building Tips and FAQs", "passages": [ "Surfacing can be the most expensive part of the ramp, it is also the first part of the ramp that gets ruined by weather if not protected properly. You should plan ahead when surfacing the ramp, you would not want to let your ramp sit in the rain after putting down only the plywood or unpainted massonite (the massonite expesially will begin to warp the first time it gets rained on). The first two layers of the surface should always be 3/8\" untreated plywood. There are three main options for the top surface:", "Skatelite - the best skating surface, they use this in the X games. Its weather resistant, but costs around $150 per sheet. ( link )", "Massonite - this is a tempered hardboard, it comes in 1/8\" and 1/4\" (use the 1/4\") and is only about $10 per sheet. It makes the surface nice and smooth (not my opinion, but too slipery to some). Tempered hardboard is not, however, resistant to the sun and rain, and must be protected.", "Skate the plywood - you can stick with the 2 layers of plywood and skate that. The untreated plywood is not resistant to sun and rain, so you will need to protect it. Keep in mind plywood hurts more to fall on. I recommend massonite over this option because you will likely find yourself replacing the surface at some point, and massonite is much easier to replace (it bends much easier, then ideally you will not need to replace the plywood underneath).", "If you use skatelite (note there are other $100+ per sheet skate surfaces out there like ramp armor) you do not need to protect the surface, since skatelite is water and sun resistant. You might want to lay tar paper under the skatelite ( instructions ), to protect the plywood from the water that seeps through the cracks.", "If you do not use skatelite (either massonite or no top surface), it is a good idea to use water resistant paint to protect it from sun and rain. Two types of paints that work well for this is Spar Urethane and Polyurethane Paint. In addition to painting the ramp, a giant tarp is also a good idea, the last thing you want is water pooling up on your ramp (painted or not).", "Spar Urethane - Costs about $33 / gallon (which covers ~500 sq ft), this is the most heavy duty paint you can get, and will give your plywood/massonite the best protection. Note you might want to use multiple layers (an 8' wide 3.5' tall mini has about 200 sq ft of surface area).", "Polyurethane Paint - a.k.a. porch paint, costs about $21 / gallon (again 500 sq ft). This is similar to other polyurethane sealers (which also work, but this stuff is cheaper) with an extra benefit of being able to pick and choose a color. This will not protect as well as spar urethane, but it might be the best paint for the price.", "My recommendation for surfacing an outdoor ramp is to use two layers of 3/8\" untreated plywood, paint the top layer of plywood with polyurethan paint (maybe the underneath side as well), then use a layer of 1/4\" massonite for the top surface (smooth side up), painted with spar urethane, and a giant tarp to cover when you are not skating the ramp.", "I made an online ramp tool that you can input different height, transition radius, flat bottom length, and platform lenghts and it will give you a preview with the total length, this should help you figure out what you can fit.", "I've been getting a lot of emails from people trying to squeeze a halfpipe in a small space. I'll do a length breakdown of the smallest 3 foot halfpipe I can think of. Each of the transitions needs to be about 6 feet long (when using a 6' 10\" transition, you could make this length smaller by using a steeper transition). For a 3 foot high pipe, the ideal flatbottom is about 8 feet in length, I can see this being reduced to 4 feet, but only if it is absolutely necessary. Then the smallest platforms I would recommend building is 1 foot, which brings the total length of the pipe to 18 feet (17.88 to be more precise).", "As far as width goes, the plans show an 8 foot wide halfpipe, the smallest width worth building is about 4 feet (in my opinion).", "I seem to have left screw details out of most of the plans (sorry). Use 2.5 inch deck screws except for the plywood. For the surface plywood you can use drywall screws around 1.5 inches (these are less expensive), and note that you do not have to put a ton of screws into the bottom layers of plywood, just make sure to put a lot of deck screws on the top surface, which will hold all the layers down.", "This is one of the more difficult parts of the ramp building process. First off make sure you bend the plywood the way it is being bent in the picture below", "Second make sure you are using 3/8\" plywood, anything thicker you will have a very difficult time bending. If you are having difficulties, make sure to take your time, you do not want to mess up the surface by screwing in the plywood in the wrong spot, or breaking it. As in the picture above, it is generally easiest to start from the bottom and work your way up with the plywood.", "Get friends to help you, have them slowly put pressure against the plywood with their foot as you screw it in.", "For a ramp that transitions to the ground, a piece of sheet metal is ideal to make the transition smooth (and to protect the edge of the surface). Unfortunately, you probably wont be able to find good sheet metal at place like Home Depot or Lowes. My suggestion is to first search google or the yellow pages for a local steel fabrication / surplus / distribution shop and see what they have.", "If you cannot find what you want there, check out www.speedymetals.com. I would recommend about 13 gauge steel, which is .09 inches thick, then 6\" wide will do. You might not be able to find the correct length on the site but they will do custom orders if you email them.", "Another solution is to get a 2x6 or 2x8 and cut it at an angle (diagonally down the long way) to place at the bottom of the ramp. I have also heard from visitors that have used street signs and the metal that goes over the carpet under a door." ] }, "parsed_md": "Skate Ramp Building Tips and FAQs\n\nSign Up Login\n\n# Skate Ramp Building Tips and FAQs\n\n## Surfacing\n\nSurfacing can be the most expensive part of the ramp, it is also the first\npart of the ramp that gets ruined by weather if not protected properly. You\nshould plan ahead when surfacing the ramp, you would not want to let your ramp\nsit in the rain after putting down only the plywood or unpainted massonite\n(the massonite expesially will begin to warp the first time it gets rained\non). The first two layers of the surface should always be 3/8\" untreated\nplywood. There are three main options for the top surface:\n\n 1. Skatelite - the best skating surface, they use this in the X games. Its weather resistant, but costs around $150 per sheet. ( link )\n 2. Massonite - this is a tempered hardboard, it comes in 1/8\" and 1/4\" (use the 1/4\") and is only about $10 per sheet. It makes the surface nice and smooth (not my opinion, but too slipery to some). Tempered hardboard is not, however, resistant to the sun and rain, and must be protected.\n 3. Skate the plywood - you can stick with the 2 layers of plywood and skate that. The untreated plywood is not resistant to sun and rain, so you will need to protect it. Keep in mind plywood hurts more to fall on. I recommend massonite over this option because you will likely find yourself replacing the surface at some point, and massonite is much easier to replace (it bends much easier, then ideally you will not need to replace the plywood underneath).\n\nIf you use skatelite (note there are other $100+ per sheet skate surfaces out\nthere like ramp armor) you do not need to protect the surface, since skatelite\nis water and sun resistant. You might want to lay tar paper under the\nskatelite ( instructions ), to protect the plywood from the water that seeps\nthrough the cracks.\n\nIf you do not use skatelite (either massonite or no top surface), it is a good\nidea to use water resistant paint to protect it from sun and rain. Two types\nof paints that work well for this is Spar Urethane and Polyurethane Paint. In\naddition to painting the ramp, a giant tarp is also a good idea, the last\nthing you want is water pooling up on your ramp (painted or not).\n\n * Spar Urethane - Costs about $33 / gallon (which covers ~500 sq ft), this is the most heavy duty paint you can get, and will give your plywood/massonite the best protection. Note you might want to use multiple layers (an 8' wide 3.5' tall mini has about 200 sq ft of surface area).\n * Polyurethane Paint - a.k.a. porch paint, costs about $21 / gallon (again 500 sq ft). This is similar to other polyurethane sealers (which also work, but this stuff is cheaper) with an extra benefit of being able to pick and choose a color. This will not protect as well as spar urethane, but it might be the best paint for the price.\n\nMy recommendation for surfacing an outdoor ramp is to use two layers of 3/8\"\nuntreated plywood, paint the top layer of plywood with polyurethan paint\n(maybe the underneath side as well), then use a layer of 1/4\" massonite for\nthe top surface (smooth side up), painted with spar urethane, and a giant tarp\nto cover when you are not skating the ramp.\n\n## Space\n\nI made an online ramp tool that you can input different height, transition\nradius, flat bottom length, and platform lenghts and it will give you a\npreview with the total length, this should help you figure out what you can\nfit.\n\nI've been getting a lot of emails from people trying to squeeze a halfpipe in\na small space. I'll do a length breakdown of the smallest 3 foot halfpipe I\ncan think of. Each of the transitions needs to be about 6 feet long (when\nusing a 6' 10\" transition, you could make this length smaller by using a\nsteeper transition). For a 3 foot high pipe, the ideal flatbottom is about 8\nfeet in length, I can see this being reduced to 4 feet, but only if it is\nabsolutely necessary. Then the smallest platforms I would recommend building\nis 1 foot, which brings the total length of the pipe to 18 feet (17.88 to be\nmore precise).\n\nAs far as width goes, the plans show an 8 foot wide halfpipe, the smallest\nwidth worth building is about 4 feet (in my opinion).\n\n## Screws\n\nI seem to have left screw details out of most of the plans (sorry). Use 2.5\ninch deck screws except for the plywood. For the surface plywood you can use\ndrywall screws around 1.5 inches (these are less expensive), and note that you\ndo not have to put a ton of screws into the bottom layers of plywood, just\nmake sure to put a lot of deck screws on the top surface, which will hold all\nthe layers down.\n\n## Bending the Surface Plywood\n\nThis is one of the more difficult parts of the ramp building process. First\noff make sure you bend the plywood the way it is being bent in the picture\nbelow\n\nSecond make sure you are using 3/8\" plywood, anything thicker you will have a\nvery difficult time bending. If you are having difficulties, make sure to take\nyour time, you do not want to mess up the surface by screwing in the plywood\nin the wrong spot, or breaking it. As in the picture above, it is generally\neasiest to start from the bottom and work your way up with the plywood.\n\nGet friends to help you, have them slowly put pressure against the plywood\nwith their foot as you screw it in.\n\n## Drawing Transitions\n\nThis is a very crusial step in building any ramp, make sure to read the\nDrawing Transitions Section.\n\n## Transition Between Ground and Ramp\n\nFor a ramp that transitions to the ground, a piece of sheet metal is ideal to\nmake the transition smooth (and to protect the edge of the surface).\nUnfortunately, you probably wont be able to find good sheet metal at place\nlike Home Depot or Lowes. My suggestion is to first search google or the\nyellow pages for a local steel fabrication / surplus / distribution shop and\nsee what they have.\n\nIf you cannot find what you want there, check out www.speedymetals.com. I\nwould recommend about 13 gauge steel, which is .09 inches thick, then 6\" wide\nwill do. You might not be able to find the correct length on the site but they\nwill do custom orders if you email them.\n\nAnother solution is to get a 2x6 or 2x8 and cut it at an angle (diagonally\ndown the long way) to place at the bottom of the ramp. I have also heard from\nvisitors that have used street signs and the metal that goes over the carpet\nunder a door.\n\nFree Ramp Plans\n\nMini Halfpipe 4' Quarter Pipe Mini Ramp (indoor) Grind Box Funbox Launch Ramp\nVert Halfpipe\n\nCommunity\n\nProjects Sign Up\n\nBuilding Help\n\nRamp Calculator Building FAQs Drawing Transitions QP Length Solution Contact\nMe\n\nPictures / Videos\n\nSkateboard Tricks\n\n© 2021 Xtreme Skater\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.diyskate.com:80/info_wood.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190514193555/http://www.diyskate.com:80/info_wood.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Wood Information • DIYskate.com", "passages": [ "All about plywood and lumber (well most). From where to get it, what kinds to use and even how much it costs.", "I highly suggest that you take the time to at least glance over this page, for I feel it contains a good deal of useful information that any ramp builder should be familar with.", "If you aren't going to read past this paragraph, at least know this... do not use particle board, the size of lumber varies outside of America and pressure treated wood contains nasty chemicals.", "Plywood is a manufactured wood that takes plys of veneer and glues them together with alternating grains. Meaning that one layer has the grain running lengthwise and the next layer has the grain running widthwise. They are usually made with odd number of plys to resist warping.", "In America, plywood is generally sold in sheets that are 4 × 8 feet and available in many different thicknesses and species of wood. Outside of the US, the sheets are slightly smaller at 1.2 × 2.3 meters. All plywood referenced within this site (at this time) will be in the American size of 4 ×8 feet.", "To construct a sheet of plywood, the manufacturer takes sheets of veneer and presses them with a particular type of glue to make whatever thickness of plywood is needed. The quality of wood dictates how strong and durable the plywood is. For instance, birch has phenomenal surface hardness, therefore birch plywood is one of the best. And a great choice as the riding surface for many indoor ramps.", "The plywood that we are concerned with are given grades, but only in the Unites States. The grades are indicated by a letter and tend to be complicated, so I am going to try and cover them in depth.", "The highest grade of plywood. Always sanded smooth with all knots, splits and cracks filled with a plug or man made wood material.", "Solid wood surface with minimal, small diameter knots and thin splits which have mostly been filled. This grade is usually sanded smooth.", "Not as nice as B grade, this grade has knots up to 1 1/2\" in diameter and a few cracks or splits providing that the strength is not compromised.", "This is the lowest grade of plywood and can have many splits and cracks as well as knots up to 3\" in diameter. The surface is left as is with all the imperfections and discoloration intact. You should try to avoid using this grade outdoors.", "Most plywood is described using more than one letter. The first letter indicates the face ply or top ply, while the second letter references to the bottom ply. Often, the letter \"X\" is added to describes the center plys as being made up of scrap wood.", "An example of this would be CDX plywood. Meaning that the face ply \"C\" is of decent quality with minimal knots which have sometimes been filled, the bottom ply \"D\" is of poor quality and the center plies \"X\" are made up of scrap wood. This is not a bad choice for structural use, like the side templates of a ramp.", "Another example, BC plywood. Which has a face ply \"B\" that is of good quality and the bottom ply \"C\" that has few knots or other imperfections. This grade is good for decks and structural as well.", "There's also birch plywood, Finnish birch in particular that is excellent for indoor skateboard ramp construction. Team Pain regularly builds their indoor wooden parks with this as their top layer. However it is expensive and sometimes difficult to find.", "Dimensional lumber, like a 2×4 for example is not actually 2 by 4 inches. This is referred to as Nominal (what they call it) and Actual (what it is) size. Most of you probably know this, but for those who don't or would like a cheat sheet, here's a breakdown of dimensional lumber and it's actual dimensions.", "The price of lumber changes often and will seldom be the same price where I live and where you live.", "That said, I still need to estimate the cost of the projects within these pages so you can budget before you start to build. I do that by going to different lumber supply stores and writing down their costs. Once I've done that, I average them among the other suppliers. This provides me with a base cost which I add hardware cost and a margin of about 5 %. Tool and labor costs are not included.", "These prices were obtained in Illinois about 5 years ago and have surely increased since then. I'd go to your local lumber supply and price the wood you need for your project before building the structure and finding out that it's twice what you thought it would be.", "When you build, it's best to build in sizes that are the same as common wood dimensions. For example, plywood is purchased in 4×8 sheets (for the most part). So these plans will reflect that. This makes it much easier to build, saves a lot of wood waste and conserves money, which is always good.", "NOTE: Unfortunately outside of the US, wood is purchased in a different size than what is listed here. I hope to someday include sizes, dimensions and the metric system within these pages. But that is just not possible at this time." ] }, "parsed_md": "Wood Information • DIYskate.com\n\nWood Information\n\n * DIY Home\n * DIY Ramps\n * DIY Skateboard\n * DIY Glossary\n * DIY Gallery\n * DIY Store\n * DIY Map\n * Advertise\n * Contact\n * Donate\n\n#### Latest pages:\n\nChicago Barrier Alright, I have a buddy named Kevin...\n\nRead more...\n\nGrind Ledge A skateboard grind ledge is easy to build and...\n\nRead more...\n\nFun Box This funbox is 1'-6 tall, 4ft. wide and...\n\nRead more...\n\n#### Last Update:\n\nJanuary 3, 2016\n\n## Most of what you need to know about wood\n\nAll about plywood and lumber (well most). From where to get it, what kinds to\nuse and even how much it costs.\n\nI highly suggest that you take the time to at least glance over this page, for\nI feel it contains a good deal of useful information that any ramp builder\nshould be familar with.\n\nIf you aren't going to read past this paragraph, at least know this... do not\nuse particle board, the size of lumber varies outside of America and pressure\ntreated wood contains nasty chemicals. \n \n--- \n \n## Plywood\n\nPlywood is a manufactured wood that takes plys of veneer and glues them\ntogether with alternating grains. Meaning that one layer has the grain running\nlengthwise and the next layer has the grain running widthwise. They are\nusually made with odd number of plys to resist warping.\n\nIn America, plywood is generally sold in sheets that are 4 × 8 feet and\navailable in many different thicknesses and species of wood. Outside of the\nUS, the sheets are slightly smaller at 1.2 × 2.3 meters. All plywood\nreferenced within this site (at this time) will be in the American size of 4\n×8 feet.\n\nTo construct a sheet of plywood, the manufacturer takes sheets of veneer and\npresses them with a particular type of glue to make whatever thickness of\nplywood is needed. The quality of wood dictates how strong and durable the\nplywood is. For instance, birch has phenomenal surface hardness, therefore\nbirch plywood is one of the best. And a great choice as the riding surface for\nmany indoor ramps.\n\nThe plywood that we are concerned with are given grades, but only in the\nUnites States. The grades are indicated by a letter and tend to be\ncomplicated, so I am going to try and cover them in depth.\n\nThese grades are...\n\nA •|\n\nThe highest grade of plywood. Always sanded smooth with all knots, splits and\ncracks filled with a plug or man made wood material. \n \n---|--- \nB •|\n\nSolid wood surface with minimal, small diameter knots and thin splits which\nhave mostly been filled. This grade is usually sanded smooth. \n \nC •|\n\nNot as nice as B grade, this grade has knots up to 1 1/2\" in diameter and a\nfew cracks or splits providing that the strength is not compromised. \n \nC •|\n\nSome manufactures plug the knots, splits and cracks and this is known as C\nPlugged grade. \n \nD •|\n\nThis is the lowest grade of plywood and can have many splits and cracks as\nwell as knots up to 3\" in diameter. The surface is left as is with all the\nimperfections and discoloration intact. You should try to avoid using this\ngrade outdoors. \n \nMost plywood is described using more than one letter. The first letter\nindicates the face ply or top ply, while the second letter references to the\nbottom ply. Often, the letter \"X\" is added to describes the center plys as\nbeing made up of scrap wood.\n\nAn example of this would be CDX plywood. Meaning that the face ply \"C\" is of\ndecent quality with minimal knots which have sometimes been filled, the bottom\nply \"D\" is of poor quality and the center plies \"X\" are made up of scrap wood.\nThis is not a bad choice for structural use, like the side templates of a\nramp.\n\nAnother example, BC plywood. Which has a face ply \"B\" that is of good quality\nand the bottom ply \"C\" that has few knots or other imperfections. This grade\nis good for decks and structural as well.\n\nThere's also birch plywood, Finnish birch in particular that is excellent for\nindoor skateboard ramp construction. Team Pain regularly builds their indoor\nwooden parks with this as their top layer. However it is expensive and\nsometimes difficult to find.\n\n## Lumber\n\nDimensional lumber, like a 2×4 for example is not actually 2 by 4 inches. This\nis referred to as Nominal (what they call it) and Actual (what it is) size.\nMost of you probably know this, but for those who don't or would like a cheat\nsheet, here's a breakdown of dimensional lumber and it's actual dimensions.\n\nMost dimensional lumber outside of North America differs from what is listed\nhere.\n\n## Approximate cost\n\nThe price of lumber changes often and will seldom be the same price where I\nlive and where you live.\n\nThat said, I still need to estimate the cost of the projects within these\npages so you can budget before you start to build. I do that by going to\ndifferent lumber supply stores and writing down their costs. Once I've done\nthat, I average them among the other suppliers. This provides me with a base\ncost which I add hardware cost and a margin of about 5 %. Tool and labor costs\nare not included.\n\nHere is a (horribly outdated) copy of the prices which I've obtained...\n\nDimensional Lumber - Standard \n--- \n \nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×2 @ 8' - $1.75\n\n♠ 2×3 @ 8' - $1.65\n\nMisc. PT\n\n♠ 2×2 @ 8' (PT) - $2.97\n\n|\n\nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 8' - $1.79\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 10' - $2.68\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 12' - $3.12\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 14' - $3.98\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 16' - $4.75\n\n|\n\nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 8' - $3.12\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 10' - $4.05\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 12' - $5.38\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 14' - $5.94\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 16' - $6.36 \n \nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 8' - $4.13\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 10' - $5.02\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 12' - $5.98\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 14' - $7.09\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 16' - $8.23\n\n|\n\nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 8' - $5.26\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 10' - $6.58\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 12' - $7.87\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 14' - $9.16\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 16' - $10.45\n\n|\n\nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 8' - $6.87\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 10' - $8.62\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 12' - $10.39\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 14' - $12.08\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 16' - $13.78 \n \n---|---|--- \nDimensional Lumber - Pressure Treated \n--- \n \nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 4×4 @ 8' - $6.97\n\n♠ 4×4 @ 10' - $11.97\n\n♠ 4×4 @ 12' - $12.77\n\n♠ 4×6 @ 8' - $12.57\n\n♠ 6×6 @ 8' - $19.99\n\n|\n\nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 8' - $3.19\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 10' - $3.97\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 12' - $4.67\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 14' - $5.29\n\n♠ 2×4 @ 16' - $5.83\n\n|\n\nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 8' - $4.97\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 10' - $6.77\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 12' - $7.97\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 14' - $9.27\n\n♠ 2×6 @ 16' - $10.57 \n \nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 8' - $7.47\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 10' - $9.37\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 12' - $11.47\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 14' - $13.46\n\n♠ 2×8 @ 16' - $15.44\n\n|\n\nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 8' - $9.73\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 10' - $10.37\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 12' - $14.97\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 14' - $16.63\n\n♠ 2×10 @ 16' - $18.28\n\n|\n\nDimensional Lumber\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 8' - $12.97\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 10' - $14.22\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 12' - $19.57\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 14' - $22.27\n\n♠ 2×12 @ 16' - $24.97 \n \n---|---|--- \nPlywood & Hardware \n--- \n \nPlywood - CDX\n\n♠ 1/4\" @ 4×8 • CDX - $9.97\n\n♠ 3/8\" @ 4×8 • CDX - $10.90\n\n♠ 1/2\" @ 4×8 • CDX - $11.97\n\n♠ 5/8\" @ 4×8 • CDX - $14.69\n\n♠ 3/4\" @ 4×8 • CDX - $17.15\n\n|\n\nPlywood - BC\n\n♠ 1/4\" @ 4×8 • BC - $12.97\n\n♠ 3/8\" @ 4×8 • BC - $15.97\n\n♠ 1/2\" @ 4×8 • BC - $20.73\n\n♠ 5/8\" @ 4×8 • BC - $25.88\n\n♠ 3/4\" @ 4×8 • BC - $31.97\n\n|\n\nMasonite\n\n♠ 1/8\" @ 4×8 - $8.26\n\n♠ 1/4\" @ 4×8 - $10.77\n\nComposite Surfaces\n\n♠ 1/4\" @ 4×8 - $125.00\n\n♠ 1/4\" @ 4×10 - $160.00 \n \n1 5/8\" Screws\n\n♠ 1 5/8\" @ 5lbs - $12.00\n\n♠ 1 5/8\" @ 25lbs - $47.00\n\n2 1/2\" Screws\n\n♠ 2 1/2\" @ 5lbs - $15.00\n\n♠ 2 1/2\" @ 25lbs - $50.00\n\n|\n\nSteel Plate\n\n♠ 1/8\" Thickness - $1.20 sq ft.\n\n♠ 1/4\" Thickness - $2.80 sq ft.\n\nSteel Coping\n\n♠ 5/32\" Thickness - $2.60 ft.\n\n♠ 7/32\" Thickness - $4.80 ft.\n\n|\n\nBirch Plywood\n\n♠ 1/4\" @ 4×8 • - $15.48\n\n♠ 1/2\" @ 4×8 • - $29.88\n\n1lb Screws\n\n♠ 1 5/8\" @ 1lbs - $3.00\n\n♠ 2 1/2\" @ 1lbs - $5.00 \n \n---|---|--- \n \nThese prices were obtained in Illinois about 5 years ago and have surely\nincreased since then. I'd go to your local lumber supply and price the wood\nyou need for your project before building the structure and finding out that\nit's twice what you thought it would be.\n\n## Standards\n\nWhen you build, it's best to build in sizes that are the same as common wood\ndimensions. For example, plywood is purchased in 4×8 sheets (for the most\npart). So these plans will reflect that. This makes it much easier to build,\nsaves a lot of wood waste and conserves money, which is always good.\n\nNOTE: Unfortunately outside of the US, wood is purchased in a different size\nthan what is listed here. I hope to someday include sizes, dimensions and the\nmetric system within these pages. But that is just not possible at this time.\n\nHow To Make Ramps • How To Make Skateboards\n\n• •\n\n### Related Pages \n \n--- \n♠ Grind Box| ♠ Stair Ledge| ♠ 2' Quarter Pipe| ♠ 3' Mini Ramp \n♠ Launch Ramp| ♠ Picnic Table Ledge| ♠ Store| ♠ Donate \n \nWood Information • Copyright © 2007-2016 DIYskate.com\n\n" } ]
36,536
How To Navigate Without a Compass
If you’re lost in the wilderness during daylight hours without a compass to guide you, watching the movements of the sun can help get you back on track. Find an open area and push a stick into the ground, then mark the end of its shadow with a rock. Then wait about 20 minutes and mark the new position of the shadow. The first marker will show you where west is, and the second one will help you find east. From there, you can figure out north and south.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508132627/https://www.armystudyguide.com/content/SMCT_CTT_Tasks/Skill_Level_1/land-nav-task-14-determin.shtml", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422231355/https://www.livescience.com/33431-why-humans-walk-circles.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20201023115725/https://www.esquire.com/lifestyle/health/how-to/a35202/navigate-without-compass-outdoors-skills/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210503134609/http://www.compassdude.com/no-compass.php", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511175113/https://theprepperjournal.com/2013/05/08/navigating-without-a-compass/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305040738/https://www.almanac.com/content/find-your-way-without-compass", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180915030535/http://www.secretsofsurvival.com:80/survival/find-true-north-without-a-compass.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200623034839/https://www.learn-orienteering.org/old/nocompass1.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200107033321/http://camping-field-guide.com:80/navigating-without-a-compass.html" ]
train
94
[ { "original_url": "https://www.armystudyguide.com/content/SMCT_CTT_Tasks/Skill_Level_1/land-nav-task-14-determin.shtml", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508132627/https://www.armystudyguide.com/content/SMCT_CTT_Tasks/Skill_Level_1/land-nav-task-14-determin.shtml", "parsed_text": { "title": "Determine Direction without a Compass (ArmyStudyGuide.com)", "passages": [ "Conditions: During daylight and at night (with a clear view of the Big Dipper), given a wristwatch (not digital), the soldier must determine direction in a field environment with natural vegetation available.", "Note. All of the procedures given in this task give approximate directions. For accurate directions, a compass must be used.", "a. Place a stick or branch into the ground vertically at a fairly level spot where the sun will cast a distinct shadow. Mark the shadow with a stone, twig, or other means (figure C-40).", "b. Wait 10 or 15 minutes until the shadow tip moves a few inches. Mark the new position of the shadow tip as in step 1a (figure C-41).", "c. Draw a straight line through the two marks you made on the shadow tips. This line is an east-west line (figure C-42).", "a. Point the hour hand at the sun when you are north of the equator. South will be halfway between the hour hand and 12 o’clock (figure C-44).", "b. Point 12 o’clock at the sun when you are south of the equator. North will be halfway between the hour hand and 12 o’clock.", "Note. During the training session, stress these four facts: 1. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 2. When you face north, east is to your right, west is to your left, and south is to your back. 3. The Big Dipper is a pattern of stars that resembles a soup ladle. 4. The Southern Cross is the main constellation used as a guide south of the equator and the above general directions for using north and south stars are reversed.", "Brief Soldier: Accompany the soldier to the area and tell the soldier to use the field-expedient methods to determine which direction is north and east. Use a compass direction of your choice. Do not tell the soldier how he or she did on performance measure 1 until he or she completes performance measure 2.", "Note. Before the soldier is scored a GO for this task, he or she must display proficiency in all three field-expedient methods of determining direction without a compass. However, performance measure 3 must be tested in a different location.", "a. In the Northern Hemisphere, pointed the hour hand of the watch at the sun; in the Southern Hemisphere, pointed the 12 o’clock position of the watch at the sun.", "This is a private website that is not affiliated with the U.S. government, U.S. Armed Forces or Department of Veteran Affairs. U.S. government agencies have not reviewed this information. This site is not connected with any government agency. If you would like to find more information about benefits offered by the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, please visit the official U.S. government web site for veterans’ benefits at http://www.va.gov.", "The sponsored schools featured on this site do not include all schools that accept GI Bill® funding or VA Benefits.For more information on how to choose a school, visit. For more information on ArmyStudyGuide.com, visit our FAQ page or follow the About Us link found below. To contact ArmyStudyGuide, email us.", "Disclosure: EducationDynamics receives compensation for the featured schools on our websites (see “Sponsored Schools” or “Sponsored Listings” or “Sponsored Results”). So what does this mean for you? Compensation may impact where the Sponsored Schools appear on our websites, including whether they appear as a match through our education matching services tool, the order in which they appear in a listing, and/or their ranking. Our websites do not provide, nor are they intended to provide, a comprehensive list of all schools (a) in the United States (b) located in a specific geographic area or (c) that offer a particular program of study. By providing information or agreeing to be contacted by a Sponsored School, you are in no way obligated to apply to or enroll with the school.", "This is an offer for educational opportunities that may lead to employment and not an offer for nor a guarantee of employment. Students should consult with a representative from the school they select to learn more about career opportunities in that field. Program outcomes vary according to each institution’s specific program curriculum. Financial aid may be available to those who qualify. The financial aid information on this site is for informational and research purposes only and is not an assurance of financial aid." ] }, "parsed_md": "Land Nav Task 14 - Determine Direction without a Compass (ArmyStudyGuide.com)\n\n * Army Board Study Guide\n\n * Prep Guide\n * Study Guide Topics\n * Flashcards\n * Army Promotion Points\n * Portable Study Guide\n * Education Benefits\n\n * Post 9/11 GI Bill\n * Montgomery GI Bill\n * Yellow Ribbon Program\n * Tuition Assistance\n * Active Duty\n * Dependents (DEA): Wives & Spouses\n * Dependents (DEA): Sons & Daughters\n * Veterans\n * Reservists\n * Funding & VA Home Loans\n * DANTES\n * Funding Your Education\n * Civilian Careers\n\n * Your Career Roadmap\n * Civilian Career Spotlights\n * Salary and Degree Finder\n * Schools and Colleges\n\n * GI Bill Schools\n * Yellow Ribbon Schools\n * MyCAA Schools\n * Servicemember Opportunity Schools\n * Distance Learning Schools\n * Training & Resources\n\n * Prep for Basic\n * Equipment Information\n * Cadence\n * Soldier’s Manual of Common Tasks (SMCT)\n * Drill Sergeant\n * Expert Field Medical Badge (EFMB)\n * Expert Infantryman Badge (EIB)\n * Training and Briefings\n * Unit History\n * Audie Murphey Club\n * Recruiter\n * Reenlistment Info\n * Counseling Help\n * MILPER Messages\n * Useful Calculators\n * Branch Insignia\n * Quizzes\n * Community\n\n * Soldiers Speak\n * Benefits Blog\n\nThis website is not affiliated with the U.S. government or military.\n\n 1. Home\n\n>\n\n 2. Common Tasks SMCT\n\n>\n\n 3. Skill Level 1\n\n>\n\n 4. Land Nav Task 14 – Determine Direction without a Compass\n\n# Land Nav Task 14 - Determine Direction without a Compass\n\nStandards: Identified north and east within 15 degrees.\n\n|\n\n|\n\nConditions: During daylight and at night (with a clear view of the Big\nDipper), given a wristwatch (not digital), the soldier must determine\ndirection in a field environment with natural vegetation available.\n\nStandards: Identified north and east within 15 degrees.\n\nNote. All of the procedures given in this task give approximate directions.\nFor accurate directions, a compass must be used.\n\n|\n\nPerformance Steps \n \n--- \n \n1\\. Determine direction using the shadow-tip method. \n \n> a. Place a stick or branch into the ground vertically at a fairly level spot\n> where the sun will cast a distinct shadow. Mark the shadow with a stone,\n> twig, or other means (figure C-40). \n \nFigure C-40. First shadow-tip mark \n \n> b. Wait 10 or 15 minutes until the shadow tip moves a few inches. Mark the\n> new position of the shadow tip as in step 1a (figure C-41). \n \nFigure C-41. Second shadow-tip mark \n \n> c. Draw a straight line through the two marks you made on the shadow tips.\n> This line is an east-west line (figure C-42). \n \nFigure C-42. East-west line \n \n> d. Determine which is the east end of the line and which is the west end. \n \n> > (1) The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. \n \n> > (2) The first shadow tip you mark is always west and the second mark is\n> always east. \n \n> > (3) The shadow tip moves in the opposite direction. \n \n> e. Determine north and south. Draw a line at a right angle to the east-west\n> line at any point (figure C-43). This is the north-south line. \n \nFigure C-43. North-south line \n \n2\\. Determine direction using the watch method without a compass. \n \n> a. Point the hour hand at the sun when you are north of the equator. South\n> will be halfway between the hour hand and 12 o’clock (figure C-44). \n \nFigure C-44. Watch method \n \n> b. Point 12 o’clock at the sun when you are south of the equator. North will\n> be halfway between the hour hand and 12 o’clock. \n \n3\\. Use the North Star method to determine direction at night. At night, you\ncan locate north by finding the North Star (Polaris). First, find the Big\nDipper. The last two stars in the cup point directly at Polaris, which is\nabout five times as far out as the distance between those two stars in the\ncup. Facing Polaris, you are looking north, with east on your right and west\non your left (figure C-45). \n \nFigure C-45. North Star method \n \nNote. During the training session, stress these four facts: 1. The sun rises\nin the east and sets in the west. 2. When you face north, east is to your\nright, west is to your left, and south is to your back. 3. The Big Dipper is a\npattern of stars that resembles a soup ladle. 4. The Southern Cross is the\nmain constellation used as a guide south of the equator and the above general\ndirections for using north and south stars are reversed. \n \nEvaluation Preparation:\n\nSetup: Directionally orient yourself to an area that is unfamiliar to the\nsoldier to be tested.\n\nBrief Soldier: Accompany the soldier to the area and tell the soldier to use\nthe field-expedient methods to determine which direction is north and east.\nUse a compass direction of your choice. Do not tell the soldier how he or she\ndid on performance measure 1 until he or she completes performance measure 2.\n\nNote. Before the soldier is scored a GO for this task, he or she must display\nproficiency in all three field-expedient methods of determining direction\nwithout a compass. However, performance measure 3 must be tested in a\ndifferent location.\n\nPerformance Measures\n\n|\n\nGO\n\n|\n\nNO GO \n \n---|---|--- \n \n1\\. Determined direction using the shadow-tip field-expedient method\n\n|\n\n—\n\n|\n\n— \n \n> a. Placed a stick vertically into the ground at a desired spot. \n \n> b. Marked the tip of the stick’s shadow to represent west. \n \n> c. Waited 10 to 15 minutes. \n \n> d. Marked a new position of the tip of the stick’s shadow to represent east. \n \n> e. Drew an east-west line through the two shadow-tip marks. \n \n> f. Drew a north-south line at a right angle to the east-west line. \n \n> g. Pointed in the required direction within 15 degrees. \n \n2\\. Determined direction using the watch field-expedient method.\n\n|\n\n—\n\n|\n\n— \n \n> a. In the Northern Hemisphere, pointed the hour hand of the watch at the\n> sun; in the Southern Hemisphere, pointed the 12 o’clock position of the\n> watch at the sun. \n \n> b. Pointed in the required direction within 15 degrees. \n \n3\\. Determined direction using the North Star field-expedient method.\n\n|\n\n—\n\n|\n\n— \n \n> a. Located the Big Dipper. \n \n> b. Located Polaris, the North Star. \n \n> c. Pointed in the required direction within 15 degrees. \n \nEvaluation Guidance: Score the soldier GO if all performance measures are\npassed. Score the soldier NO GO if any performance measure is failed. If the\nsoldier scores NO GO, show the soldier what was done wrong and how to do it\ncorrectly.\n\nReferences \n \n--- \n \nRequired\n\n|\n\nRelated \n \nFM 3-25.26 \n \nRecently Added\n\nLatest articles in Skill Level 1\n\n» 191-376-5141 - Search a Commercial Vehicle for Explosive Devices or\nProhibited Items at an Installation Access Control Point\n\n» Land Nav Task 4 - Determine the Grid Coordinates of a Point on a Military\nMap\n\n» 071-326-0502 (SL1) - Move Under Direct Fire\n\n» 071-326-0513 (SL1) - Select Temporary Fighting Positions\n\n» 071-312-3027 (SL1) - Load an M60 Machine Gun\n\n» 031-503-1018 (SL1) - React to Nuclear Hazard/Attack\n\n» 191-376-4122 (SL1) - Position Yourself in Riot Control Formations\n\n» 101-515-1999 (SL1) - Recover Isolated Remains\n\n» 071-022-0003 (SL1) - Load a Caliber .50 M2 Machine Gun\n\n» 081-831-1003 (SL1) - Perform First Aid to Clear an Object Stuck in the\nThroat of a Conscious Casualty\n\nAvailable Subcategories :\n\n| CTT Testing Information | Other Common Tasks | Skill Level 1 | Skill Levels\n2-4 | Warrior Tasks / Drills |\n\nSponsored advertisement:\n\nFrom Our Benefits Blog\n\n * Latest Posts\n * Most Popular\n * Editor's Choice\n\nI Have Three Questions Concerning My Montgomery and Post 9/11 GI Bills. 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All Rights Reserved.\n\nThis is a private website that is not affiliated with the U.S. government,\nU.S. Armed Forces or Department of Veteran Affairs. U.S. government agencies\nhave not reviewed this information. This site is not connected with any\ngovernment agency. If you would like to find more information about benefits\noffered by the U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, please visit the official\nU.S. government web site for veterans’ benefits at http://www.va.gov.\n\nThe sponsored schools featured on this site do not include all schools that\naccept GI Bill® funding or VA Benefits.For more information on how to choose a\nschool, visit. For more information on ArmyStudyGuide.com, visit our FAQ page\nor follow the About Us link found below. To contact ArmyStudyGuide, email us.\n\nDisclosure: EducationDynamics receives compensation for the featured schools\non our websites (see “Sponsored Schools” or “Sponsored Listings” or “Sponsored\nResults”). So what does this mean for you? 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The financial aid information on this site is for\ninformational and research purposes only and is not an assurance of financial\naid.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.livescience.com/33431-why-humans-walk-circles.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422231355/https://www.livescience.com/33431-why-humans-walk-circles.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Why Do Humans Walk in Circles?", "passages": [ "Live Science is supported by its audience. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Learn more", "When lost in the desert or a thick forest terrains devoid of landmarks people tend to walk in circles. Blindfolded people show the same tendency; lacking external reference points, they curve around in loops as tight as 66 feet (20 meters) in diameter, all the while believing they are walking in straight lines.", "Only recently have scientists begun to make gains in answering this age-old question. By conducting a series of experiments with blindfolded test subjects, a group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybergenetics in Germany have systematically ruled out several plausible explanations for loopy walking. For example, body asymmetries has been posed as one theory, but the team found no correlation between factors such as uneven leg lengths and right- or left-side dominance and walkers' veering directions.", "The researchers also ruled out random physical errors, such as incorrect gauging of how you need to move your legs to walk straight, arguing that these would cause walkers to meander back and forth in a zigzag fashion rather than to trace out circles.", "The researchers believe that loopy paths follow from a walker's changing sense of \"straight ahead.\" With every step, a small deviation is likely added to a person's cognitive sense of what's straight, and these deviations accumulate to send that individual veering around in ever tighter circles as time goes on.", "This increasing curvature doesn't happen when external reference points are visible, because these allow the walker to frequently recalibrate his or her sense of direction. When walking down the street, for example, the looming presence of a nearby building (as seen in your peripheral vision) prevents you from curving into it. [How Does a Compass Work? ]", "As of yet, no one is sure where in our inner workings the accumulating deviations arise. However, as detailed in the July 2011 issue of the journal Experimental Brain Research, the Max Planck team thinks the brain's vestibular (balance-maintaining) and propioceptive (body awareness) systems combine to enable regular spatial updating and it may be the vestibular system in the inner ear that malfunctions in the absence of visual clues. \"We will continue to work on these issues in the near future,\" Marc Ernst, group leader, told Life's Little Mysteries.", "That inner-ear system is already known to exhibit biases: Some people have vestibular disorders so severe that they find walking in straight lines impossible even under normal circumstances. For most of us, the subtle leftward or rightward bias of our sense of direction would only rear its head if we were trying to find our way through a dense forest, or, perhaps, blindfolded by pirates and made to walk the plank.", "Live Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Visit our corporate site." ] }, "parsed_md": "Why Do Humans Walk in Circles? | Live Science\n\nSkip to main content\n\nTrending\n\n * Coronavirus News\n * Forum\n * Life's Little Mysteries\n * Magazine Deals\n * Cool Merch\n\nLive Science is supported by its audience. When you purchase through links on\nour site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Learn more\n\n# Why Do Humans Walk in Circles?\n\nBy Natalie Wolchover 05 August 2011\n\nIn the absence of visual cues, people tend to walk in circles. (Image credit:\nsxc.hu)\n\nWhen lost in the desert or a thick forest terrains devoid of landmarks people\ntend to walk in circles. Blindfolded people show the same tendency; lacking\nexternal reference points, they curve around in loops as tight as 66 feet (20\nmeters) in diameter, all the while believing they are walking in straight\nlines.\n\nWhy can't we walk straight?\n\nOnly recently have scientists begun to make gains in answering this age-old\nquestion. By conducting a series of experiments with blindfolded test\nsubjects, a group of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Biological\nCybergenetics in Germany have systematically ruled out several plausible\nexplanations for loopy walking. For example, body asymmetries has been posed\nas one theory, but the team found no correlation between factors such as\nuneven leg lengths and right- or left-side dominance and walkers' veering\ndirections.\n\nThe researchers also ruled out random physical errors, such as incorrect\ngauging of how you need to move your legs to walk straight, arguing that these\nwould cause walkers to meander back and forth in a zigzag fashion rather than\nto trace out circles.\n\nThe researchers believe that loopy paths follow from a walker's changing sense\nof \"straight ahead.\" With every step, a small deviation is likely added to a\nperson's cognitive sense of what's straight, and these deviations accumulate\nto send that individual veering around in ever tighter circles as time goes\non.\n\nThis increasing curvature doesn't happen when external reference points are\nvisible, because these allow the walker to frequently recalibrate his or her\nsense of direction. When walking down the street, for example, the looming\npresence of a nearby building (as seen in your peripheral vision) prevents you\nfrom curving into it. [How Does a Compass Work? ]\n\nAs of yet, no one is sure where in our inner workings the accumulating\ndeviations arise. However, as detailed in the July 2011 issue of the journal\nExperimental Brain Research, the Max Planck team thinks the brain's vestibular\n(balance-maintaining) and propioceptive (body awareness) systems combine to\nenable regular spatial updating and it may be the vestibular system in the\ninner ear that malfunctions in the absence of visual clues. \"We will continue\nto work on these issues in the near future,\" Marc Ernst, group leader, told\nLife's Little Mysteries.\n\nThat inner-ear system is already known to exhibit biases: Some people have\nvestibular disorders so severe that they find walking in straight lines\nimpossible even under normal circumstances. For most of us, the subtle\nleftward or rightward bias of our sense of direction would only rear its head\nif we were trying to find our way through a dense forest, or, perhaps,\nblindfolded by pirates and made to walk the plank.\n\n * 10 Weird Things Humans Do Every Day, and Why\n * How Do Birds Navigate?\n * Do Blind People Have a More Acute Sense of Smell?\n\nFollow Natalie Wolchover on Twitter @nattyover. Follow Life's Little Mysteries\non Twitter @llmysteries, then join us on Facebook.\n\nSign Up for e-mail newsletters\n\nStay up to date on the coronavirus outbreak by signing up to our newsletter\ntoday.\n\nThank you for signing up to Live Science. You will receive a verification\nemail shortly.\n\nThere was a problem. Please refresh the page and try again.\n\nNo spam, we promise. You can unsubscribe at any time and we'll never share\nyour details without your permission.\n\n 1. 1\n\nPart-human, part-monkey embryos grown in lab dishes\n\n 2. 2\n\nWhy were the ancient Egyptians obsessed with cats?\n\n 3. 3\n\nOldest American, Hester Ford, dies, leaving 120 great-great-grandchildren\n\n 4. 4\n\nUK researchers will deliberately reinfect people with COVID-19 in new\n'challenge study'\n\n 5. 5\n\nPrehistoric cannibal victim found in death cave ID'ed as a young girl\n\n 1. 1\n\nWhy were the ancient Egyptians obsessed with cats?\n\n 2. 2\n\nOldest American, Hester Ford, dies, leaving 120 great-great-grandchildren\n\n 3. 3\n\nPrehistoric cannibal victim found in death cave ID'ed as a young girl\n\n 4. 4\n\nScientists probe mystery of 'thunderstorm asthma' event that sent thousands to\nthe ER\n\n 5. 5\n\nAncient Egyptian temple reveals previously unknown star constellations\n\nLive Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and\nleading digital publisher. Visit our corporate site.\n\n© Future US, Inc. 11 West 42nd Street, 15th Floor, New York, NY 10036.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.esquire.com/lifestyle/health/how-to/a35202/navigate-without-compass-outdoors-skills/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201023115725/https://www.esquire.com/lifestyle/health/how-to/a35202/navigate-without-compass-outdoors-skills/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Find Your Way Without a Compass", "passages": [ "When the wilderness beckons, it's best to come prepared. While we can only hope the worst thing that'll happen to us on a weekend backpacking trip is running out of whiskey at the campfire, the woods are full of the unexpected—and that's part of the fun. Tools break, packs get lost, and weather moves in faster than you can sing \"Kumbaya.\" To help keep you from getting caught off guard the next time you hit the trail, whether it's on the day hike with the family or a multi-day expedition, we've compiled seven skills that can make every man a mountain man. Today we present two noteworthy ways to navigate without a compass.", "Before GPS technology, the compasses was an explorer's best friend, enabling many to navigate some of the most extreme environments on earth. And before the compass, adventurous men and women relied on the sun, moon and stars to find our way. Because batteries die, signals get lost and compasses can get lost or break, knowing alternative methods of navigation is a skill every man should know for the outdoors.", "If you've got a map, step one is figuring out where you are on it, followed by finding north. Hopefully, you'll have a rough idea. Orient yourself by using a body of water, landmark or peak to determine your location. While it might mean extra walking now, you'll save time later.", "1. In the daylight hours, find a flat, relatively open area and a straight stick that's at least three feet long.", "2. Secure the stick in the ground so it's sticking up straight. Follow the shadow cast by the stick and mark where it ends.", "3. Without moving the stick, wait 10 to 15 minutes, then mark the new location of the end of the shadow, cast by the stick's tip.", "4. Standing between the two marks—with the first mark on your left and the second mark on your right—you are now facing North. The mark on your left is West while the mark on your right is East. Behind you is South.", "5. It's a good idea to mark this out on the ground—lest you get turned around and need to start over.", "Finding your way at night can be much more difficult, and cloud cover and dense forests can make orienteering by stars unpredictable and difficult—though not impossible. Remember, navigating with the stars varies by hemisphere. For the sake of catering to our home hemisphere, we'll focus on the North Star, aka Polaris.", "1. The easiest way to find the North Star is by using the Big Dipper. Once you've found the Big Dipper, use it locate the Little Dipper—follow the two end stars of the handle on the Big Dipper until you find the Little Dipper. The last star on the handle of the Little Dipper is the North Star.", "2. While looking at the North Star, draw an imaginary line down to the horizon. You've now found North. Good luck.", "This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io", "A Part of Hearst Digital Media Esquire participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites." ] }, "parsed_md": "Navigating Skills Without a Compass - How to Find Your Way Without a Compass\n\n+\n\nEvery product was carefully curated by an Esquire editor. We may earn a\ncommission from these links.\n\n# How to Navigate Without a Compass\n\nTwo techniques to save your backside should you find yourself lost in the\nwilderness.\n\nBy Hans Aschim\n\nMay 26, 2015\n\nWhen the wilderness beckons, it's best to come prepared. While we can only\nhope the worst thing that'll happen to us on a weekend backpacking trip is\nrunning out of whiskey at the campfire, the woods are full of the\nunexpected—and that's part of the fun. Tools break, packs get lost, and\nweather moves in faster than you can sing \"Kumbaya.\" To help keep you from\ngetting caught off guard the next time you hit the trail, whether it's on the\nday hike with the family or a multi-day expedition, we've compiled seven\nskills that can make every man a mountain man. Today we present two noteworthy\nways to navigate without a compass.\n\nBefore GPS technology, the compasses was an explorer's best friend, enabling\nmany to navigate some of the most extreme environments on earth. And before\nthe compass, adventurous men and women relied on the sun, moon and stars to\nfind our way. Because batteries die, signals get lost and compasses can get\nlost or break, knowing alternative methods of navigation is a skill every man\nshould know for the outdoors.\n\nIf you've got a map, step one is figuring out where you are on it, followed by\nfinding north. Hopefully, you'll have a rough idea. Orient yourself by using a\nbody of water, landmark or peak to determine your location. While it might\nmean extra walking now, you'll save time later.\n\n#### The Shadow and Stick Technique\n\n1\\. In the daylight hours, find a flat, relatively open area and a straight\nstick that's at least three feet long.\n\n2\\. Secure the stick in the ground so it's sticking up straight. Follow the\nshadow cast by the stick and mark where it ends.\n\n3\\. Without moving the stick, wait 10 to 15 minutes, then mark the new\nlocation of the end of the shadow, cast by the stick's tip.\n\n4\\. Standing between the two marks—with the first mark on your left and the\nsecond mark on your right—you are now facing North. The mark on your left is\nWest while the mark on your right is East. Behind you is South.\n\n5\\. It's a good idea to mark this out on the ground—lest you get turned around\nand need to start over.\n\n#### Navigating by Stars\n\nFinding your way at night can be much more difficult, and cloud cover and\ndense forests can make orienteering by stars unpredictable and\ndifficult—though not impossible. Remember, navigating with the stars varies by\nhemisphere. For the sake of catering to our home hemisphere, we'll focus on\nthe North Star, aka Polaris.\n\n1\\. The easiest way to find the North Star is by using the Big Dipper. Once\nyou've found the Big Dipper, use it locate the Little Dipper—follow the two\nend stars of the handle on the Big Dipper until you find the Little Dipper.\nThe last star on the handle of the Little Dipper is the North Star.\n\n2\\. While looking at the North Star, draw an imaginary line down to the\nhorizon. You've now found North. Good luck.\n\nhttp://b.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=3&c2=6035258&c3=159753&c4=1978&c5=9051978&c6=&c10=1&c11=hearst&c13=1x1&c16=gen&cj=1&ax_fwd=1&rn=[TIMESTAMP]&\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. 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All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Info\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.compassdude.com/no-compass.php", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210503134609/http://www.compassdude.com/no-compass.php", "parsed_text": { "title": "Find Direction with no map or compass", "passages": [ "There are lots of fun ways to find directions if you've lost or forgotten your compass. They are great exercises to do just to learn them and have handy just in case or to impress your city-slicker friends. These methods can be used to map cardinal directions and better, but remember that they are not nearly as good as a compass.", "This is my favorite and the easiest one to do. All you need is a fairly clear night and knowledge of a couple constellations.", "Cassiopeia is a 'W' shaped constellation across the North Star from the Big Dipper. It's 'W' points right at the north star also.", "All the stars in the sky appear to circle around Polaris. It is nearly right on the axis of the world which is true north, not magnetic north.", "Hold a toothpick or little twig or piece of grass up along the edge of your watch so it casts a shadow toward the center of the watch.", "Turn your watch until the shadow splits in half the distance between the hour hand and 12 on the watch face.", "12 is now pointing South and 6 is pointing North. (In the Southern hemisphere, 12 points North and 6 points South.)", "The sun moves across the sky from east to west and its shadow gradually changes in length which is what makes this direction finding method work.", "Find a stick about 2 or 3 feet long and stick poke it into the ground so it stands up.", "Place another stick or pebble at the end of the new shadow. If you have time, wait another 1/2 hour and repeat.", "The line between the two pebbles runs east-west direction with the first mark being west and the second being east.", "If you are in the northern hemisphere, North direction is perpendicular to the east-west line heading away from the sun. (In the Southern Hemisphere, that line pointing away from the sun is pointing South.)", "There is a similar version that is more precise if you have a few hours to wait, but the difference in precision is not worth the wait - its mostly just for fun and takes two people.", "Find a stick about 2 or 3 feet long and stick poke it into the ground so it stands up.", "Have your buddy hold the string at the base of the shadow stick while you scratch a circle in the dirt around the shadow stick using the string as the radius guide.", "Check on the shadow and notice that it is shorter and has moved to the east. Continue to check the shadow until it is again long enough to touch the circle. This may take an hour or 6 hours, depending on how early you set it up.", "If you are in the northern hemisphere, the cardinal direction North is perpendicular to the east-west line heading away from the sun. ( In the Southern Hemisphere, that line pointing away from the sun is pointing South.)", "If you can't find the Big Dipper because it is behind a mountain, or behind clouds this method can help if you can see some stars in the sky:", "Using another stick about 2 feet long, sight the tops of both sticks to a bright star and stick the shorter stick in the ground.", "Using a tent pole or other straight stick, position it on a tall rock or on a tree limb so it is steady.", "Stand or lay in a position and location that you can copy later. A good example is laying against the rock with your chin on your fist and mark your fist location on the rock with chalk or a rock scratch.", "Come back in a half hour and notice which direction the star has moved. You may want to check this at 15 minute intervals for an hour.", "If the star has moved to the right, you are facing south. moved Left = facing North moved Up = facing East moved Down = facing West", "The star will most likely have moved up and right or down and right so you will need to estimate the direction, such as SouthEast or SouthWest.", "If you happen to be out on a trek and realize that you forgot your compass but happen to have a magnet and a needle or nail in your pocket, I'll tell you how to make a compass. Chances of this ever being used in a real situation are slim, but it's a fun thing to do just so you know how to do it.", "Get a big sewing needle or a very small nail and a bar magnet. Also get some thread or a bowl of water and two tiny pieces of cork.", "Put the North end of the magnet against the needle in the middle and rub it towards and off the point.", "Flip the magnet over so you are using the South end and rub it from the middle to the 'eye' end of the needle 20 times.", "Tie one end of a length of thread to a stick and the other end to the middle of the needle. Or, tie it like the image for easier balancing.", "And that is how to make a compass - it's actually a quick history lesson in how the earliest compasses came about as well.", "This is the last page in my map and compass tutorial. If you've started at the beginning and gone through the whole thing, you should have a good idea about how compasses work and how maps help us along the way. I hope you've enjoyed your trek. I also hope you take a shot at finding cardinal directions and Polaris the north star and let me know what worked for you. Now, you just need to go practice and plan your next excursion out of your cubicle, away from your computer screen, and into the real world that's waiting out there!", "22 Apr 2021 - A hiker was lost and desperate. A stranger with an unusual hobby saved him. 29 Apr 2021 - How One Man Used Satellite Images To Locate A Lost Hiker In California 15 Apr 2021 - Missing hiker found based on photo he texted from Los Angeles area mountains 17 Apr 2021 - A single text message was key to bringing home a lost California hiker 13 Apr 2021 - Missing Hiker Found After Man Using Computer at Home Pinpoints His Location 16 Apr 2021 - Hiker who got lost in Angeles National Forest may have entered unauthorized area, officials investigating 18 Apr 2021 - Rescued hiker faces investigation over where he was found, California officials say 27 Apr 2021 - Lost and Desperate Hiker Saved by Man's 'Very Weird' GPS Hobby 16 Apr 2021 - Lost hiker, and dog, rescued in Desolation Wilderness 20 Apr 2021 - Hiker Rescued After Man on Twitter Found Location From Photo of Feet", "Great website. Thank you. I love these alternative methods for finding direction without a compass, but I had to crack-up a bit at the Shadow Method. How would I know it's 4pm if I don't have a watch? You need to write another column \"How do you find out what time it is without a watch\" :)", "Question please, we are having a lunch time debate... I know which way north south and east and west is but what if I am dropped in a random location without prior reference and I don't know if my end goal is in the south (or north etc.) how would I find my way home...I could by the stars but could I do it any other way please?", "@tom - If you don't know which direction your goal is, there's no way to find it. You couldn't find your way using stars if you don't know where you want to go. If you know the Lat/Lon of your destination, then you can figure out your current Lat/Lon and then the direction to travel to reach your destination. To do this is VERY complicated and not realistic for someone dropped in a random location. Try this page as a start.", "I like that you chose to do something that might help us when we are at our camping trip on a hike and take a wrong turn but thankfully you said stuf that would really help us.", "Thank you. This are awesome methods to conferm directins. It gave me grate ideas which I have had never before it. But it may be best and helful if we have such ideas for experiments in night. Suggest please." ] }, "parsed_md": "Find Direction with no map or compass\n\n# Finding Direction with No Compass\n\nThere are lots of fun ways to find directions if you've lost or forgotten your\ncompass. They are great exercises to do just to learn them and have handy just\nin case or to impress your city-slicker friends. These methods can be used to\nmap cardinal directions and better, but remember that they are not nearly as\ngood as a compass.\n\n## Polaris the North Star\n\nThis is my favorite and the easiest one to do. All you need is a fairly clear\nnight and knowledge of a couple constellations.\n\n * Find the Big Dipper in the sky.\n * Follow the edge of the ladle 5 times its length up the edge of the ladle.\n * The brightest star there is Polaris the North Star which is virtually north.\n * Cassiopeia is a 'W' shaped constellation across the North Star from the Big Dipper. It's 'W' points right at the north star also.\n * In the southern hemisphere, the Southern Cross is used to indicate South similarly to Polaris.\n\nAll the stars in the sky appear to circle around Polaris. It is nearly right\non the axis of the world which is true north, not magnetic north.\n\n## Watch Method\n\nIn the days of digital watches, this one is fading away.\n\n * Hold your wristwatch in front of you like a compass.\n * Hold a toothpick or little twig or piece of grass up along the edge of your watch so it casts a shadow toward the center of the watch.\n * Turn your watch until the shadow splits in half the distance between the hour hand and 12 on the watch face.\n * 12 is now pointing South and 6 is pointing North. (In the Southern hemisphere, 12 points North and 6 points South.)\n\nIf you only have a digital watch, phone, or similar, use your imagination.\n\n * Draw a big circle in the dirt with a stick.\n * From the center of the circle, draw a line straight towards the sun. (this is your hour hand)\n * Now, draw a line to 12 on the circle where it would be in relation to the hour hand.\n * Halfway between the two lines is South. (In the Southern Hemisphere, halfway between the lines is pointing North.)\n\n## Sun Shadow Method\n\nThe sun moves across the sky from east to west and its shadow gradually\nchanges in length which is what makes this direction finding method work.\n\n * Clear a flat area of dirt or sand. Grass will work, but not as well.\n * Find a stick about 2 or 3 feet long and stick poke it into the ground so it stands up.\n * Get another small stick or pebble and place it exactly on the end of the shadow line.\n * Eat a trail bar or relax for a half hour.\n * Place another stick or pebble at the end of the new shadow. If you have time, wait another 1/2 hour and repeat.\n * The line between the two pebbles runs east-west direction with the first mark being west and the second being east.\n * If you are in the northern hemisphere, North direction is perpendicular to the east-west line heading away from the sun. (In the Southern Hemisphere, that line pointing away from the sun is pointing South.)\n\nA cool variation on this is that it works well at night with a bright moon\ntoo!\n\nThere is a similar version that is more precise if you have a few hours to\nwait, but the difference in precision is not worth the wait - its mostly just\nfor fun and takes two people.\n\n * Clear a flat area of dirt or sand. Grass will work, but not as well.\n * Find a stick about 2 or 3 feet long and stick poke it into the ground so it stands up.\n * Get a piece of string or rope or a stick that is the length of the current shadow.\n * Have your buddy hold the string at the base of the shadow stick while you scratch a circle in the dirt around the shadow stick using the string as the radius guide.\n * Mark the spot where the shadow is currently hitting the circle.\n * Go fishing, sleep, or waste the next hour or so.\n * Check on the shadow and notice that it is shorter and has moved to the east. Continue to check the shadow until it is again long enough to touch the circle. This may take an hour or 6 hours, depending on how early you set it up.\n * Drawing a line between the original shadow point and the current shadow will be West to East.\n * If you are in the northern hemisphere, the cardinal direction North is perpendicular to the east-west line heading away from the sun. ( In the Southern Hemisphere, that line pointing away from the sun is pointing South.)\n * Any two shadow points the same distance from the shadow stick will make an east-west line.\n\n## Moon Method\n\nBesides using the moon's shadow just like the sun shadow method above, a\npartial moon also points the way.\n\n * Notice the two points on the moon when it is not full.\n * Follow an imaginary line between the two points down to the horizon.\n * Where the line hits the horizon is approximately South. (In the Southern Hemisphere, it is North.)\n\nThis works for any moon shape as long as you can notice the two points.\n\n## Star Method\n\nIf you can't find the Big Dipper because it is behind a mountain, or behind\nclouds this method can help if you can see some stars in the sky:\n\n * Two Sticks:\n\n * Find a tall stick about 3 or 4 feet high and stick it in the ground.\n * Sit on the ground by the stick.\n * Using another stick about 2 feet long, sight the tops of both sticks to a bright star and stick the shorter stick in the ground.\n * One Stick:\n\n * Using a tent pole or other straight stick, position it on a tall rock or on a tree limb so it is steady.\n * Stand or lay in a position and location that you can copy later. A good example is laying against the rock with your chin on your fist and mark your fist location on the rock with chalk or a rock scratch.\n * Sight up the stick at a bright star that you can recognize later.\n * Come back in a half hour and notice which direction the star has moved. You may want to check this at 15 minute intervals for an hour.\n * If the star has moved to the right, you are facing south. moved Left = facing North moved Up = facing East moved Down = facing West\n * The star will most likely have moved up and right or down and right so you will need to estimate the direction, such as SouthEast or SouthWest.\n\n## How to Make a Compass\n\nIf you happen to be out on a trek and realize that you forgot your compass but\nhappen to have a magnet and a needle or nail in your pocket, I'll tell you how\nto make a compass. Chances of this ever being used in a real situation are\nslim, but it's a fun thing to do just so you know how to do it.\n\n * Get a big sewing needle or a very small nail and a bar magnet. Also get some thread or a bowl of water and two tiny pieces of cork.\n * Hold the needle in one hand and the magnet in the other.\n * Put the North end of the magnet against the needle in the middle and rub it towards and off the point.\n * Lift the magnet up and away from the needle and place it in the middle again.\n * Repeat rubbing the North end of the magnet against one half of the needle 20 times or so.\n * Flip the magnet over so you are using the South end and rub it from the middle to the 'eye' end of the needle 20 times.\n * You have magnetized the needle just like a compass needle.\n * Hanging Compass:\n\n * Tie one end of a length of thread to a stick and the other end to the middle of the needle. Or, tie it like the image for easier balancing.\n * Let the needle hang freely and slide the thread to a point on the needle where it balances level.\n * Lower the needle into a wide-mouthed jar and lay the stick across the opening to prevent wind interference.\n * Floating Compass:\n\n * Stick a tiny piece of cork on each end of the needle so it floats.\n * Place the needle on the water in a small bowl.\n * Wrap a layer of plastic wrap over the bowl to prevent wind currents for better accuracy.\n * Watch which way your compass needle turns. It should always settle to the same direction.\n\nAnd that is how to make a compass - it's actually a quick history lesson in\nhow the earliest compasses came about as well.\n\nThis is the last page in my map and compass tutorial. If you've started at the\nbeginning and gone through the whole thing, you should have a good idea about\nhow compasses work and how maps help us along the way. I hope you've enjoyed\nyour trek. I also hope you take a shot at finding cardinal directions and\nPolaris the north star and let me know what worked for you. Now, you just need\nto go practice and plan your next excursion out of your cubicle, away from\nyour computer screen, and into the real world that's waiting out there!\n\nHome Page\n\nWhat kind of elephants live at the north pole?\n\nCold ones! \n \n--- \n \nSearch Google News for more 'Lost Hiker' news items. \n--- \n22 Apr 2021 - A hiker was lost and desperate. A stranger with an unusual hobby\nsaved him. \n29 Apr 2021 - How One Man Used Satellite Images To Locate A Lost Hiker In\nCalifornia \n15 Apr 2021 - Missing hiker found based on photo he texted from Los Angeles\narea mountains \n17 Apr 2021 - A single text message was key to bringing home a lost California\nhiker \n13 Apr 2021 - Missing Hiker Found After Man Using Computer at Home Pinpoints\nHis Location \n16 Apr 2021 - Hiker who got lost in Angeles National Forest may have entered\nunauthorized area, officials investigating \n18 Apr 2021 - Rescued hiker faces investigation over where he was found,\nCalifornia officials say \n27 Apr 2021 - Lost and Desperate Hiker Saved by Man's 'Very Weird' GPS Hobby \n16 Apr 2021 - Lost hiker, and dog, rescued in Desolation Wilderness \n20 Apr 2021 - Hiker Rescued After Man on Twitter Found Location From Photo of\nFeet \n \nTweet\n\nComments: Feb 13, 2016 - Mark Johnson\n\nGreat website. Thank you. I love these alternative methods for finding\ndirection without a compass, but I had to crack-up a bit at the Shadow Method.\nHow would I know it's 4pm if I don't have a watch? You need to write another\ncolumn \"How do you find out what time it is without a watch\" :)\n\nNov 21, 2016 - tom\n\nQuestion please, we are having a lunch time debate... I know which way north\nsouth and east and west is but what if I am dropped in a random location\nwithout prior reference and I don't know if my end goal is in the south (or\nnorth etc.) how would I find my way home...I could by the stars but could I do\nit any other way please?\n\nNov 21, 2016 - Compass Dude\n\n@tom - If you don't know which direction your goal is, there's no way to find\nit. You couldn't find your way using stars if you don't know where you want to\ngo. If you know the Lat/Lon of your destination, then you can figure out your\ncurrent Lat/Lon and then the direction to travel to reach your destination. To\ndo this is VERY complicated and not realistic for someone dropped in a random\nlocation. Try this page as a start.\n\nDec 22, 2016 - sheena\n\nThank you it helped me alot!!!\n\nOct 10, 2017 - Colby\n\nI like that you chose to do something that might help us when we are at our\ncamping trip on a hike and take a wrong turn but thankfully you said stuf that\nwould really help us.\n\nOct 10, 2017 - Colby\n\nI like that it is great for making sure you are not lost when you go camping\n\nApr 27, 2019 - Arvind andhale\n\nThank you. This are awesome methods to conferm directins. It gave me grate\nideas which I have had never before it. But it may be best and helful if we\nhave such ideas for experiments in night. Suggest please.\n\nAsk a Question Bike\n\nMore Map and Compass Resources at CompassDude.com\n\nRecent Comments\n\nSally on Read Compass\n\nMichael on Read Compass\n\nGigi on Read Compass\n\nTanya on Map Symbols\n\nJim Appleby on FAQ\n\nEd on FAQ\n\nWilliam Bryan on Declination\n\nCompass Dude on Declination\n\nWilliam Bryan on Declination\n\nAlbert Stankavage on Home\n\nMore Comments...\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://theprepperjournal.com/2013/05/08/navigating-without-a-compass/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511175113/https://theprepperjournal.com/2013/05/08/navigating-without-a-compass/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Navigating Without a Compass", "passages": [ "In a discussion the other day concerning the GPS, I opened my big mouth and mentioned “the proper way to do that would be...”.�? An additional comment got me thinking about how reliant we have become on modern technology and the pretty much lost or dying art of navigating using celestial bodies, including the sun, moon, and stars.", "Our ancestors used the sky to guide them day or night, across oceans and deserts.�? Sure, our ancestors got lost from time to time or maybe they did not hit the exact point they were aiming for with pinpoint, GPS accuracy, but they did manage to get where they were going.�? Like any other survival skill, navigating without a compass takes some practice and it is best practiced when you have other items (like a compass or GPS) to rely on in case you fail the first couple of times you attempt it.", "If you happen to be navigating with a map but without a compass and you do not find yourself lost in the flat desert or on open water, you should be able to orienteer yourself out of trouble.�? This is probably the quickest and easiest form of navigation to master when you have a map and visible terrain features or landmarks that are also marked on your map.", "Where most people go wrong with orienteering is they do not take the time to determine where they are on the map.�? They get in a hurry, guess, and days later find out the hill they thought that they were standing on top of was actually 10 kilometers north of where they were actually standing.", "Finding your location without a compass will require you to place yourself on top of or next to a landmark that you are certain is the correct landmark from which to start navigating.�? Finding that landmark may require some extra walking on your part but that extra walking will probably save you thousands of “lost steps” later.", "Once you have determined where you are on the map, you will need to orient the map to the North.�? This is where using the sun will come into play.�? The quickest and easiest method to determine North, anywhere in the world, using the sun is the stick and shadow method.�? You will need to find a reasonably straight stick approximately three feet long, a reasonably level, open spot on the ground, and a method for marking two locations on the ground.", "Place the stick upright in the ground and mark the first shadow point.�? Wait ten to fifteen minutes and mark the second shadow point. Now, stand with the first mark on your left and the other mark on your right and you will be facing North.�? The first mark you made will always be West and the second mark you made will be East, creating an East/West line.�? Naturally, behind you will be South.�? Most maps are printed with a North Arrow in the legend, so orient the map in the direction you are facing.", "Once you have oriented your map to North, determine which direction on the map you need to head to find safety, and the approximate distance to that location.�? In most cases, you will not be able to see where you ultimately want to end up from the point you are standing on the ground, so study the map and identify natural or man-made terrain features that are visible from your location AND between where you are and where you are trying to navigate to.", "Determine the distance to the terrain features (orienteering points) and keep an accurate pace count as you walk.�? From that point you simply navigate from terrain feature to terrain feature, orienting your map to North as required to keep yourself on a reasonable course.�? If you stop to camp for", "the night, I would recommend stopping early enough to get your East/West line established before the sun goes down and making a permanent mark on a tree or lining up rocks pointing North and the direction of travel you need to head at first light.�? Orienteering works best in the daylight when you can see things and even the most experienced navigators/orienteering experts tend to walk in circles in the dark.�? If you do not have clear visibility of the night sky and the knowledge to navigate using the stars, I would always opt for stopping for the night.", "If you do have a clear view of the night sky, you can use the stars and moon to guide you.�? It is important to note, that the stars and moon can and will be obscured by clouds and canopy, so if you are attempting to navigate at night and lose sight of them, it is always best to find adequate shelter until they are visible again.�? Many people have been fooled by the thought that they can continue to walk the necessary course with no visible navigational aids and find themselves right where they started at first light.�? Doing this will only waste precious energy and mean the difference between life and death in a survival situation.", "Personally, I find determining North at night easier than determining North using the stick and shadow method during daylight hours.�? If you are in the Northern Hemisphere, finding North is as simple as finding the “Big Dipper” (Ursa Major), determining the pointing stars (the two stars that make the side of the Dipper opposite of the handle), and estimating five times the distance between the two stars in the direction they point.", "There you will find the North Star (Polaris) and visualizing an imaginary line from the North Star straight down to the horizon will give you North.�? The North Star does not move in the night sky, so once you locate it, you will always be able to reference it.�? The “Big Dipper” does rotate around the North Star throughout the year, but the pointing stars always point to the North Star.", "As an additional reference in the night sky to locate the North Star, you can find Cassiopeia, which is directly opposite of the “Big Dipper”, and is a five star constellation which forms a “W”.�? The center star of Cassiopeia, or the middle peak of the “W” points to the North Star.", "Facing the North Star, West will be on your left and East will be on your right, with South at the rear.�? As a reference on East/West, locate the constellation Orion.�? Orion’s Belt, the three bright stars that form a straight line across the middle of the constellation (the only three bright stars that form a straight line in all of the night sky)�? rise in the East and set in the West no matter where you find yourself in the world.�? Since Orion moves through the night sky, you will need to establish a good visual on where it rose and where it will set, by observing it as you navigate.", "Once you have determined North, East, and West, stand facing the North Star and visualize yourself standing on the dial of a compass.�? The North Star will represent “0 degrees” on the compass, if Orion’s Belt is rising it will represent “90 degrees”, and if it is setting it will represent “270 degrees”.", "With an idea of which course you need to take from your current location, rotate away from the North Star until you are facing that general direction, and reference your viewpoint of the North Star and Orion’s Belt from where you are standing.�? If you can make out an identifiable terrain feature or other recognizable feature as a reference point mark it and start walking toward it.", "If you find yourself without terrain features and can maintain sight of the North Star and Orion’s Belt, you can keep yourself on course by referencing them as you walk.�? It is important to keep in mind that stars, including Orion’s Belt, move through the night sky.�? The North Star is really the only constant here, so unless you are plotting a course due North, I would not recommend picking a star on the horizon as an orienteering point.", "Now, unless you keep a sextant in your pocket and know how to use it, orienteering or navigating using celestial bodies will never get you within plus or minus 50 meters of an eight-digit grid coordinate.�? It should not be looked upon as an exact science and before you even attempt it, you need to go ahead and prepare yourself for some frustration.�? However, it could, with some practice now, save your life one day when you do find yourself without modern technology.", "As with any other survival technique, there are plenty of other ways to determine North and navigate without a compass, map, or GPS.�? I only discussed a few here, but there are modifications to the stick and shadow method that take more time and are more accurate or you can use an analog clock/watch to determine North with the sun.", "There is a whole host of other means of determining direction using stars or the moon.�? I selected the methods that are easiest for most people to grasp, understand, and implement for this article.�? If you are interested in discovering other methods, there are entire books dedicated to this very subject.", "Freedom-loving American doing what I can to help prepare and inform others. Editor and creator of The Prepper Journal 2013-2017, 2020 -", "Daily survival blog devoted to a wide variety of preparedness, survival, self-reliance, and personal defense topics for readers who want to protect themselves and their families from seen and unseen disasters in our future." ] }, "parsed_md": "Navigating Without a Compass - The Prepper Journal\n\nTrending\n\n * Vont Ultimate Survival Kit Review – Low-Cost Emergency Lighting\n * Best EDC Gear for Female Preppers\n * Building Your Survival Food Pantry\n * How Can College Students Learn Self-Defense on Campus\n * How to use your Mobile Phone to Find Hidden Surveillance Cameras\n * All The Parts You Will Need To Make a Custom Pistol\n * The Survival Kit for High School or College Kids\n * Top Threats to Preppers\n\nHow To\n\n# Navigating Without a Compass\n\nBy Pat Henry May 8, 2013 1 Comment\n\nShare Tweet Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Email +\n\nLast Updated on March 3, 2021\n\nIn a discussion the other day concerning the GPS, I opened my big mouth and\nmentioned “the proper way to do that would be...”.�? An additional comment got\nme thinking about how reliant we have become on modern technology and the\npretty much lost or dying art of navigating using celestial bodies, including\nthe sun, moon, and stars.\n\nOur ancestors used the sky to guide them day or night, across oceans and\ndeserts.�? Sure, our ancestors got lost from time to time or maybe they did\nnot hit the exact point they were aiming for with pinpoint, GPS accuracy, but\nthey did manage to get where they were going.�? Like any other survival skill,\nnavigating without a compass takes some practice and it is best practiced when\nyou have other items (like a compass or GPS) to rely on in case you fail the\nfirst couple of times you attempt it.\n\nIf you happen to be navigating with a map but without a compass and you do not\nfind yourself lost in the flat desert or on open water, you should be able to\norienteer yourself out of trouble.�? This is probably the quickest and easiest\nform of navigation to master when you have a map and visible terrain features\nor landmarks that are also marked on your map.\n\nWhere most people go wrong with orienteering is they do not take the time to\ndetermine where they are on the map.�? They get in a hurry, guess, and days\nlater find out the hill they thought that they were standing on top of was\nactually 10 kilometers north of where they were actually standing.\n\n### Navigating without a compass requires you to know where you are\n\nFinding your location without a compass will require you to place yourself on\ntop of or next to a landmark that you are certain is the correct landmark from\nwhich to start navigating.�? Finding that landmark may require some extra\nwalking on your part but that extra walking will probably save you thousands\nof “lost steps” later.\n\nOnce you have determined where you are on the map, you will need to orient the\nmap to the North.�? This is where using the sun will come into play.�? The\nquickest and easiest method to determine North, anywhere in the world, using\nthe sun is the stick and shadow method.�? You will need to find a reasonably\nstraight stick approximately three feet long, a reasonably level, open spot on\nthe ground, and a method for marking two locations on the ground.\n\nPlace the stick upright in the ground and mark the first shadow point.�? Wait\nten to fifteen minutes and mark the second shadow point. Now, stand with the\nfirst mark on your left and the other mark on your right and you will be\nfacing North.�? The first mark you made will always be West and the second\nmark you made will be East, creating an East/West line.�? Naturally, behind\nyou will be South.�? Most maps are printed with a North Arrow in the legend,\nso orient the map in the direction you are facing.\n\nOnce you have oriented your map to North, determine which direction on the map\nyou need to head to find safety, and the approximate distance to that\nlocation.�? In most cases, you will not be able to see where you ultimately\nwant to end up from the point you are standing on the ground, so study the map\nand identify natural or man-made terrain features that are visible from your\nlocation AND between where you are and where you are trying to navigate to.\n\nDetermine the distance to the terrain features (orienteering points) and keep\nan accurate pace count as you walk.�? From that point you simply navigate from\nterrain feature to terrain feature, orienting your map to North as required to\nkeep yourself on a reasonable course.�? If you stop to camp for\n\nThe Stick and Shadow Method\n\nthe night, I would recommend stopping early enough to get your East/West line\nestablished before the sun goes down and making a permanent mark on a tree or\nlining up rocks pointing North and the direction of travel you need to head at\nfirst light.�? Orienteering works best in the daylight when you can see things\nand even the most experienced navigators/orienteering experts tend to walk in\ncircles in the dark.�? If you do not have clear visibility of the night sky\nand the knowledge to navigate using the stars, I would always opt for stopping\nfor the night.\n\nIf you do have a clear view of the night sky, you can use the stars and moon\nto guide you.�? It is important to note, that the stars and moon can and will\nbe obscured by clouds and canopy, so if you are attempting to navigate at\nnight and lose sight of them, it is always best to find adequate shelter until\nthey are visible again.�? Many people have been fooled by the thought that\nthey can continue to walk the necessary course with no visible navigational\naids and find themselves right where they started at first light.�? Doing this\nwill only waste precious energy and mean the difference between life and death\nin a survival situation.\n\nPersonally, I find determining North at night easier than determining North\nusing the stick and shadow method during daylight hours.�? If you are in the\nNorthern Hemisphere, finding North is as simple as finding the “Big Dipper”\n(Ursa Major), determining the pointing stars (the two stars that make the side\nof the Dipper opposite of the handle), and estimating five times the distance\nbetween the two stars in the direction they point.\n\nThere you will find the North Star (Polaris) and visualizing an imaginary line\nfrom the North Star straight down to the horizon will give you North.�? The\nNorth Star does not move in the night sky, so once you locate it, you will\nalways be able to reference it.�? The “Big Dipper” does rotate around the\nNorth Star throughout the year, but the pointing stars always point to the\nNorth Star.\n\nAs an additional reference in the night sky to locate the North Star, you can\nfind Cassiopeia, which is directly opposite of the “Big Dipper”, and is a five\nstar constellation which forms a “W”.�? The center star of Cassiopeia, or the\nmiddle peak of the “W” points to the North Star.\n\nFacing the North Star, West will be on your left and East will be on your\nright, with South at the rear.�? As a reference on East/West, locate the\nconstellation Orion.�? Orion’s Belt, the three bright stars that form a\nstraight line across the middle of the constellation (the only three bright\nstars that form a straight line in all of the night sky)�? rise in the East\nand set in the West no matter where you find yourself in the world.�? Since\nOrion moves through the night sky, you will need to establish a good visual on\nwhere it rose and where it will set, by observing it as you navigate.\n\nOnce you have determined North, East, and West, stand facing the North Star\nand visualize yourself standing on the dial of a compass.�? The North Star\nwill represent “0 degrees” on the compass, if Orion’s Belt is rising it will\nrepresent “90 degrees”, and if it is setting it will represent “270 degrees”.\n\nWith an idea of which course you need to take from your current location,\nrotate away from the North Star until you are facing that general direction,\nand reference your viewpoint of the North Star and Orion’s Belt from where you\nare standing.�? If you can make out an identifiable terrain feature or other\nrecognizable feature as a reference point mark it and start walking toward it.\n\nIf you find yourself without terrain features and can maintain sight of the\nNorth Star and Orion’s Belt, you can keep yourself on course by referencing\nthem as you walk.�? It is important to keep in mind that stars, including\nOrion’s Belt, move through the night sky.�? The North Star is really the only\nconstant here, so unless you are plotting a course due North, I would not\nrecommend picking a star on the horizon as an orienteering point.\n\nNow, unless you keep a sextant in your pocket and know how to use it,\norienteering or navigating using celestial bodies will never get you within\nplus or minus 50 meters of an eight-digit grid coordinate.�? It should not be\nlooked upon as an exact science and before you even attempt it, you need to go\nahead and prepare yourself for some frustration.�? However, it could, with\nsome practice now, save your life one day when you do find yourself without\nmodern technology.\n\nAs with any other survival technique, there are plenty of other ways to\ndetermine North and navigate without a compass, map, or GPS.�? I only\ndiscussed a few here, but there are modifications to the stick and shadow\nmethod that take more time and are more accurate or you can use an analog\nclock/watch to determine North with the sun.\n\nThere is a whole host of other means of determining direction using stars or\nthe moon.�? I selected the methods that are easiest for most people to grasp,\nunderstand, and implement for this article.�? If you are interested in\ndiscovering other methods, there are entire books dedicated to this very\nsubject.\n\nThis article courtesy of the Maj at Prepper-Resources.com\n\n0 0 votes\n\nArticle Rating\n\nShare. Twitter Facebook Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Email\n\n### About Author\n\nPat Henry\n\n * Website\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n\nFreedom-loving American doing what I can to help prepare and inform others.\nEditor and creator of The Prepper Journal 2013-2017, 2020 -\n\nSubscribe\n\nConnect with\n\n1 Comment\n\nOldest\n\nNewest Most Voted\n\nInline Feedbacks\n\nView all comments\n\n * ### TPJ Newsletter\n\n * Daily survival blog devoted to a wide variety of preparedness, survival, self-reliance, and personal defense topics for readers who want to protect themselves and their families from seen and unseen disasters in our future.\n\n * ### Popular Posts\n\n * Top 5 Firearms You Need To Get Your Hands On NOW!\n\nBy Pat HenryMarch 22, 2013 227\n\n * The AK-47 vs AR-15: Which Rifle is Best?\n\nBy Pat HenryMarch 11, 2014 169\n\n * How To Open A Can Without a Can Opener\n\nBy Pat HenryNovember 5, 2013 167\n\n * Cupcakes and Conservatives\n\nBy John DDecember 12, 2016 158\n\n * Is your Bug Out Bag Going to Get You Killed?\n\nBy Pat HenryMay 11, 2013 108\n\nCopyright 2021 – The Prepper Journal – All Rights Reserved.\n\nwpDiscuz\n\n1\n\n0\n\nWould love your thoughts, please comment.x\n\n()\n\nx\n\n| Reply\n\nGo to mobile version\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.almanac.com/content/find-your-way-without-compass", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305040738/https://www.almanac.com/content/find-your-way-without-compass", "parsed_text": { "title": "Lost? Find Directions Without Compass", "passages": [ "Long ago, people could find their way in the outdoors without a compass—at night or during the day—by using the stars, the Sun, and nature’s signs. Here are some pointers for the next time you are camping, hiking, or just outdoors. Don’t get lost!", "The most accurate and reliable direction finder is right over your head. It’s Polaris, the North Star. Polaris is over the North Pole, so if you find it in the night sky, you’ll know where north is.", "Then, find the two stars at the outer edge of the Dipper’s bowl. These are pointer stars. They “point” to the North Star.", "Stretch your arm out full length and spread your fingers, and the North Star should be about as far away as your thumb is from your middle finger.", "On a cloudless night, drive a stick into the ground until the tip of it is at your eye level. Behind it, plant a taller stick such that the tips of the sticks line up on a bright star, as you look at them. After a few minutes, the star will appear to have moved (but remember: stars don’t move; it’s Earth that’s rotating). If the star seems to move ...", "Find a stick that’s almost a foot tall. Poke a stick into the ground in the ground so that it is standing straight up. Look for the shadow. Then place a rock at the end of the shadow cast by the stick. Wait about 15 minutes.", "Put another stone at the end of the second shadow. With your back to the stick, stand with your left toe touching the first rock, and your right toe touching the second rock. You’re facing north.", "Draw an imaginary line from the first rock marker to the second. West is the direction of the first marker.", "If you have a watch with hands (not digital), you can use it like a compass. Place the watch on a level surface.", "Point the hour hand towards the sun. Then find an imaginary line halfway between the hour hand and the 12 on the watch face. (During daylight savings time, the halfway line is between the hour hand and the 1.)", "If you can wait, watch the sun and see which way it is moving. If it’s rising, that’s east. If it’s setting, that’s west.", "Got a first aid kit? Get the needle from it. Find either the silky liner of your sleeping bag of another material.", "Rub the needle on the silk or wool material about 100 times and static electricity will build up and create a magnetic charge.", "Place the leaf delicately on the pool of water and place the needle on top. If there is no wind, the needle should orient in a north-south axis toward magnetic north. The thicker end of the needle (the side with the eye) will favor the northern direction.", "You also can use shadows (shadows tend to favor north) to determine which way your needle is pointing. From there, you can figure out your coordinates.", "The leaves of the pilot weed grow in a north-south line. (Settlers crossing the Great Plains called it the “compass plant of the prairie.”)", "Moss on a solitary tree that is openly exposed to the sun. Moss likes shade so the northern side of a tree is typically in shade most of the day.", "In the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun lies due south at local noon every day. [Note: Local noon, aka “local apparent noon or “solar noon,” occurs when the Sun crosses the meridian (an imaginary line that runs through the north and south poles and a point directly overhead) and is highest in the sky for the day. Local noon is usually not the same as clock-time noon.]", "I always told my kids to go downhill in the woods until reaching a stream or at least a dry creek bed. Following it downward will eventually lead to human contact. Probably not good advice in the vast space of the West, but works in New England.", "The advice about \"sun at noon\" and \"wristwatch\" will give you the wrong locations for North, as others have pointed out, because of local vs apparent noon, time zones, daylight saving time, and so on. But here is a way to find North on a clear day (in the Northern Hemisphere):", "On flat ground sink a 4-foot stick into the ground so it is vertical, and so its shadow will be unobstructed. Starting in mid-morning, place stones on the ground every so often at the point of the tip of the stick's shadow. The stone which is the shortest distance from the base of the stick points North (draw a pointer from the base of the stick through that stone). Note: you can stop placing stones when the shadow starts to lengthen.", "Thank you for your feedback: We have added a few details to the text about the wristwatch method and the sun being due south at noon to clarify. Thank you for sharing your alternate method!", "In Texas, only the evergreen juniper trees/bushes grow on south side of hills. Deciduous trees grow on north side. Have observed this in Oklahoma also. As you go further west in Texas, only cactus grows on south side of hills, and the evergreen junipers are only on north side. Basically the south side of hills supports only the vegetation that is most drought/heat resistant, while the north side supports vegetation that needs more moisture/shade.", "I don't understand how people \"followed the drinking gourd\" north. When I stand outside and face north, the Big Dipper points south toward Polaris. If I followed the direction it pointed to, I'd go south. I've always heard you always know where north is by finding Polaris. It turns out, I know where north is and Polaris isn't it. Please help me understand where I am going wrong.", "Polaris does not move in the sky (well, it rotates just a little, as it isn't exactly North, but close enough), and is always there--it does not set. Polaris is also the tip of the handle of the Little Dipper. The orientation of the Little Dipper will rotate as Earth rotates (so our view changes), so sometimes the bowl of the dipper will be higher than the handle, and sometimes lower. Also, the orientation will be usually the opposite to the Big Dipper-- so if the bowl of the Big Dipper is higher than its handle, the bowl of the Little Dipper will probably be lower than its handle. The Big Dipper will be rotating as well--sometimes you'll see the bowl higher than the handle (as if liquid in the bowl would pour out), sometimes level, and sometimes lower (to hold the liquid in). The two stars defining the outer side of the bowl of the Big Dipper (away from the handle) will always point to the tip of the handle of the Little Dipper. As you've done, you need to draw the line from the bottom of the Big Dipper bowl to the top of the bowl, and extend it further about 5 times out to find Polaris. Sometimes this line is drawn down (or south) in the sky if the Big Dipper is on top of the Little Dipper at that point, as both rotate around Polaris. The direction of that line drawn may move downward, or southward, from Big Dipper to Little Dipper, but its stopping point, Polaris, in relation to where you are on the ground, is north (you'll be facing north to see it). Could that be the confusion? How high above the horizon that you can see Polaris will depend on your latitude. It's about on the horizon at the equator. As you move northward, Polaris will be seen higher in the sky, until at the North Pole, it is directly overhead. At, say, 42 degrees north latitude, Polaris will not be overhead, so drawing a line to it down from the Big Dipper, if it was \"above\" Polaris at that point, would seem to be going southward (even though the line would be going to the north point). Hope this helps!", "I just finished reading all comments.. If you don't live where sky is nice and clear you can forget all this. Carry a compass.", "Also, to find North without a compass, look for green moss on trees & rocks. It grows best on the North side. Some boulders that have lain undisturbed for long periods will tend to split along a North-South line due to uneven heating by the sun.", "The last point under \"Observe Nature\" is somewhat misleading. The sun is at true South at local noon, not mean noon. The difference is that mean noon is the time at which the sun is highest in the sky at the standard meridian for the time zone (the meridian of longitude that passes through the center of a time zone and is used to standardize time in the entire time zone) while local noon is the point at which the sun is at the highest point in the sky for the exact location. There can be as much as a half-hour difference between mean noon (1200 at your time zone) and local noon. That's as much as 7.5 degrees in the wrong direction. Here's what I recommend:", "Gather a standard-sized sheet of paper, a drawing compass, tape (scotch tape is fine), a short nail (less than an inch long), a pen or pencil, and a clipboard. Stick the nail through the center of the piece of paper and record your location and tomorrow's date (or whenever you use this device) at the edge of the paper. Clip the paper onto the clipboard (with the nail standing vertically) and tape the loose end of the paper to the clipboard so that the paper has no wrinkles (!!!). Then get a good night's sleep (especially if you are doing this in the summer). Be prepared to record the position of the nail's shadow every hour or so (the smaller the intervals the better). Set the clipboard (with paper and nail) on the ground outside (in a sunny spot) before ten o'clock am at latest (if you record the shadow at very short intervals, then you could probably start at eleven, but any later and it defies the purpose). Mark the point of the nail's shadow at whatever interval you choose (hour is sufficient if you don't need great precision) and record the time for each. Keep recording until after one o'clock (or if you want a complete plot, keep going until the shadow fades away; these plots can be useful for those interested in astronomy as I will explain). Now trace your plot (for an astronomically useful tracing, try to trace the curve). A good record should show a \"U\" that approaches the nail. Remove the nail (without shifting the paper or clipboard!!!) Take the drawing compass and draw a circle around where the nail was. Draw a line between the two intersections of the circle and shadow plot. Find the middle of this line, draw a line from this point to where the nail was. This line points south (true south). This is the astronomical definition of south.", "The plots can be used to predict the motions of celestial bodies by calculating the altitude of the sun from the shadow plot. Measure from a point you marked to where the nail was and record that distance as a variable, B. The equation for altitude is as follows:", "Observe how the planets move in comparison with the line formed between the sun at the altitudes by mentally pulling the shadow plot inside out and imagining it in the sky (at the calculated altitudes). While standing near the clipboard (right next to it), find visual references for yourself (I use branches of trees). Then you can watch the stars move in relation to this imaginary line (I won't spoil it for you!).", "The method of making shadow plots to find south is quite accurate. I have used it to create several sundials, all of which were quite accurate (within ten minutes of my watch). This is more accurate than sighting polaris (the North Star, which actually deviates slightly from North in a circular pattern) and I strongly advise anyone interested in astronomy to study shadow interpretation (gnomonics) and dialing (theory and construction of sundials, which are more complicated than they seem)." ] }, "parsed_md": "Lost? Find Directions Without Compass | The Old Farmer's Almanac\n\nSkip to main content\n\nGet Almanac's Daily Update\n\nGET A COPY!\n\n# Find Your Way Without a Compass\n\n##\n\nHow do you find directions without a compass?\n\nBy Catherine Boeckmann\n\nJuly 15, 2020\n\n## Share:\n\nLong ago, people could find their way in the outdoors without a compass—at\nnight or during the day—by using the stars, the Sun, and nature’s signs. Here\nare some pointers for the next time you are camping, hiking, or just outdoors.\nDon’t get lost!\n\n### Use the Big Dipper\n\nThe most accurate and reliable direction finder is right over your head. It’s\nPolaris, the North Star. Polaris is over the North Pole, so if you find it in\nthe night sky, you’ll know where north is.\n\nHere’s how to find the North Star:\n\n * Find the Big Dipper.\n * Then, find the two stars at the outer edge of the Dipper’s bowl. These are pointer stars. They “point” to the North Star.\n * Extend an imaginary line from the pointer stars across the sky to the next bright star.\n * Stretch your arm out full length and spread your fingers, and the North Star should be about as far away as your thumb is from your middle finger.\n\n### Use Two Sticks in a Field\n\nIn the evening, when you can see the stars:\n\nOn a cloudless night, drive a stick into the ground until the tip of it is at\nyour eye level. Behind it, plant a taller stick such that the tips of the\nsticks line up on a bright star, as you look at them. After a few minutes, the\nstar will appear to have moved (but remember: stars don’t move; it’s Earth\nthat’s rotating). If the star seems to move ...\n\n * up, you are facing east.\n * down, you are facing west.\n * right, you are facing south.\n * left, you are facing north.\n\nDuring the daytime, when the Sun is shining:\n\nFind a stick that’s almost a foot tall. Poke a stick into the ground in the\nground so that it is standing straight up. Look for the shadow. Then place a\nrock at the end of the shadow cast by the stick. Wait about 15 minutes.\n\nPut another stone at the end of the second shadow. With your back to the\nstick, stand with your left toe touching the first rock, and your right toe\ntouching the second rock. You’re facing north.\n\nDraw an imaginary line from the first rock marker to the second. West is the\ndirection of the first marker.\n\n### Use a Wristwatch\n\n * If you have a watch with hands (not digital), you can use it like a compass. Place the watch on a level surface.\n * Point the hour hand towards the sun. Then find an imaginary line halfway between the hour hand and the 12 on the watch face. (During daylight savings time, the halfway line is between the hour hand and the 1.)\n * That imaginary line points south.\n * This means North is 180 degrees in the other direction.\n * If you can wait, watch the sun and see which way it is moving. If it’s rising, that’s east. If it’s setting, that’s west.\n\n### Make a Needle Compass\n\nGot a first aid kit? Get the needle from it. Find either the silky liner of\nyour sleeping bag of another material.\n\n * Rub the needle on the silk or wool material about 100 times and static electricity will build up and create a magnetic charge.\n * Lay the needle on a leaf placed in a small pool or cup of water.\n * Place the leaf delicately on the pool of water and place the needle on top. If there is no wind, the needle should orient in a north-south axis toward magnetic north. The thicker end of the needle (the side with the eye) will favor the northern direction.\n * You also can use shadows (shadows tend to favor north) to determine which way your needle is pointing. From there, you can figure out your coordinates.\n\n### Observe Nature\n\nDuring the day, look for these directional signs (applicable for certain\nlocations in the Northern Hemisphere):\n\n * Deciduous trees tend to grow on the south side of hills; evergreens grow on the north side.\n * In the desert, the giant barrel cactus always leans toward the south.\n * The leaves of the pilot weed grow in a north-south line. (Settlers crossing the Great Plains called it the “compass plant of the prairie.”)\n * Moss on a solitary tree that is openly exposed to the sun. Moss likes shade so the northern side of a tree is typically in shade most of the day.\n * In the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun lies due south at local noon every day. [Note: Local noon, aka “local apparent noon or “solar noon,” occurs when the Sun crosses the meridian (an imaginary line that runs through the north and south poles and a point directly overhead) and is highest in the sky for the day. Local noon is usually not the same as clock-time noon.]\n\n## Source:\n\nThe Old Farmer's Almanac for Kids, Volume 1\n\n## Related Articles\n\n * Astronomy\n\n## What do you want to read next?\n\n### Night Sky Map for March 2021: The...\n\n### Sky Map: March 2019\n\n### Night Sky Map for December 2020:...\n\n### Sky Map: February 2019\n\n### Sky Map: October 2019\n\n### Night Sky Map for June 2020: See...\n\n### Night Sky Map for May 2020:...\n\n### Summer Solstice 2021: The First...\n\n### Night Sky Map for November 2020:...\n\n### Sky Map: July 2019\n\n### Sky Map: September 2019\n\n### Night Sky Map for October 2020:...\n\n## Reader Comments\n\n## Leave a Comment\n\n### lost in the woods\n\nSubmitted by Helen DePrima on June 25, 2020 - 3:58pm\n\nI always told my kids to go downhill in the woods until reaching a stream or\nat least a dry creek bed. Following it downward will eventually lead to human\ncontact. Probably not good advice in the vast space of the West, but works in\nNew England.\n\n### Use the Sun's shadow and a vertical stick\n\nSubmitted by Russ on June 25, 2020 - 10:53am\n\nThe advice about \"sun at noon\" and \"wristwatch\" will give you the wrong\nlocations for North, as others have pointed out, because of local vs apparent\nnoon, time zones, daylight saving time, and so on. But here is a way to find\nNorth on a clear day (in the Northern Hemisphere):\n\nOn flat ground sink a 4-foot stick into the ground so it is vertical, and so\nits shadow will be unobstructed. Starting in mid-morning, place stones on the\nground every so often at the point of the tip of the stick's shadow. The stone\nwhich is the shortest distance from the base of the stick points North (draw a\npointer from the base of the stick through that stone). Note: you can stop\nplacing stones when the shadow starts to lengthen.\n\n### wristwatch\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on June 26, 2020 - 3:46pm\n\nThank you for your feedback: We have added a few details to the text about the\nwristwatch method and the sun being due south at noon to clarify. Thank you\nfor sharing your alternate method!\n\n### Find Your Way Without a Compass\n\nSubmitted by Tom on June 14, 2019 - 6:35am\n\nIn Texas, only the evergreen juniper trees/bushes grow on south side of hills.\nDeciduous trees grow on north side. Have observed this in Oklahoma also. As\nyou go further west in Texas, only cactus grows on south side of hills, and\nthe evergreen junipers are only on north side. Basically the south side of\nhills supports only the vegetation that is most drought/heat resistant, while\nthe north side supports vegetation that needs more moisture/shade.\n\n### I don't understand how people\n\nSubmitted by Confused in New... on September 28, 2014 - 9:43pm\n\nI don't understand how people \"followed the drinking gourd\" north. When I\nstand outside and face north, the Big Dipper points south toward Polaris. If I\nfollowed the direction it pointed to, I'd go south. I've always heard you\nalways know where north is by finding Polaris. It turns out, I know where\nnorth is and Polaris isn't it. Please help me understand where I am going\nwrong.\n\n### Polaris does not move in the\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on September 29, 2014 - 11:36am\n\nPolaris does not move in the sky (well, it rotates just a little, as it isn't\nexactly North, but close enough), and is always there--it does not set.\nPolaris is also the tip of the handle of the Little Dipper. The orientation of\nthe Little Dipper will rotate as Earth rotates (so our view changes), so\nsometimes the bowl of the dipper will be higher than the handle, and sometimes\nlower. Also, the orientation will be usually the opposite to the Big Dipper--\nso if the bowl of the Big Dipper is higher than its handle, the bowl of the\nLittle Dipper will probably be lower than its handle. The Big Dipper will be\nrotating as well--sometimes you'll see the bowl higher than the handle (as if\nliquid in the bowl would pour out), sometimes level, and sometimes lower (to\nhold the liquid in). The two stars defining the outer side of the bowl of the\nBig Dipper (away from the handle) will always point to the tip of the handle\nof the Little Dipper. As you've done, you need to draw the line from the\nbottom of the Big Dipper bowl to the top of the bowl, and extend it further\nabout 5 times out to find Polaris. Sometimes this line is drawn down (or\nsouth) in the sky if the Big Dipper is on top of the Little Dipper at that\npoint, as both rotate around Polaris. The direction of that line drawn may\nmove downward, or southward, from Big Dipper to Little Dipper, but its\nstopping point, Polaris, in relation to where you are on the ground, is north\n(you'll be facing north to see it). Could that be the confusion? How high\nabove the horizon that you can see Polaris will depend on your latitude. It's\nabout on the horizon at the equator. As you move northward, Polaris will be\nseen higher in the sky, until at the North Pole, it is directly overhead. At,\nsay, 42 degrees north latitude, Polaris will not be overhead, so drawing a\nline to it down from the Big Dipper, if it was \"above\" Polaris at that point,\nwould seem to be going southward (even though the line would be going to the\nnorth point). Hope this helps!\n\n### Stars as directions\n\nSubmitted by Linda on February 13, 2019 - 12:26pm\n\nI just finished reading all comments.. If you don't live where sky is nice and\nclear you can forget all this. Carry a compass.\n\n### Also, to find North without a\n\nSubmitted by me too on September 12, 2010 - 2:52pm\n\nAlso, to find North without a compass, look for green moss on trees & rocks.\nIt grows best on the North side. Some boulders that have lain undisturbed for\nlong periods will tend to split along a North-South line due to uneven heating\nby the sun.\n\n### The last point under \"Observe\n\nSubmitted by Quintus Twig on December 5, 2009 - 12:23am\n\nThe last point under \"Observe Nature\" is somewhat misleading. The sun is at\ntrue South at local noon, not mean noon. The difference is that mean noon is\nthe time at which the sun is highest in the sky at the standard meridian for\nthe time zone (the meridian of longitude that passes through the center of a\ntime zone and is used to standardize time in the entire time zone) while local\nnoon is the point at which the sun is at the highest point in the sky for the\nexact location. There can be as much as a half-hour difference between mean\nnoon (1200 at your time zone) and local noon. That's as much as 7.5 degrees in\nthe wrong direction. Here's what I recommend:\n\nGather a standard-sized sheet of paper, a drawing compass, tape (scotch tape\nis fine), a short nail (less than an inch long), a pen or pencil, and a\nclipboard. Stick the nail through the center of the piece of paper and record\nyour location and tomorrow's date (or whenever you use this device) at the\nedge of the paper. Clip the paper onto the clipboard (with the nail standing\nvertically) and tape the loose end of the paper to the clipboard so that the\npaper has no wrinkles (!!!). Then get a good night's sleep (especially if you\nare doing this in the summer). Be prepared to record the position of the\nnail's shadow every hour or so (the smaller the intervals the better). Set the\nclipboard (with paper and nail) on the ground outside (in a sunny spot) before\nten o'clock am at latest (if you record the shadow at very short intervals,\nthen you could probably start at eleven, but any later and it defies the\npurpose). Mark the point of the nail's shadow at whatever interval you choose\n(hour is sufficient if you don't need great precision) and record the time for\neach. Keep recording until after one o'clock (or if you want a complete plot,\nkeep going until the shadow fades away; these plots can be useful for those\ninterested in astronomy as I will explain). Now trace your plot (for an\nastronomically useful tracing, try to trace the curve). A good record should\nshow a \"U\" that approaches the nail. Remove the nail (without shifting the\npaper or clipboard!!!) Take the drawing compass and draw a circle around where\nthe nail was. Draw a line between the two intersections of the circle and\nshadow plot. Find the middle of this line, draw a line from this point to\nwhere the nail was. This line points south (true south). This is the\nastronomical definition of south.\n\nThe plots can be used to predict the motions of celestial bodies by\ncalculating the altitude of the sun from the shadow plot. Measure from a point\nyou marked to where the nail was and record that distance as a variable, B.\nThe equation for altitude is as follows:\n\nA = arctan (C/B)\n\nwhere A is the altitude and C is the nail's height\n\nObserve how the planets move in comparison with the line formed between the\nsun at the altitudes by mentally pulling the shadow plot inside out and\nimagining it in the sky (at the calculated altitudes). While standing near the\nclipboard (right next to it), find visual references for yourself (I use\nbranches of trees). Then you can watch the stars move in relation to this\nimaginary line (I won't spoil it for you!).\n\nThe method of making shadow plots to find south is quite accurate. I have used\nit to create several sundials, all of which were quite accurate (within ten\nminutes of my watch). This is more accurate than sighting polaris (the North\nStar, which actually deviates slightly from North in a circular pattern) and I\nstrongly advise anyone interested in astronomy to study shadow interpretation\n(gnomonics) and dialing (theory and construction of sundials, which are more\ncomplicated than they seem).\n\n## FREE BEGINNER'S GARDEN GUIDE!\n\nBONUS: You’ll also receive our Almanac Companion newsletter!\n\n## The Almanac Webcam\n\n## Visit the Almanac HQ Webcam\n\n## Chosen for You from The Old Farmer's Store\n\n©2021 Yankee Publishing Inc An Employee-Owned Company Old Farmer’s Almanac\n1121 Main Street P.O. Box 520 Dublin, NH 03444\n\nCustom programming and server maintenance by Reinvented Inc.\n\n## Connect With Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.secretsofsurvival.com:80/survival/find-true-north-without-a-compass.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180915030535/http://www.secretsofsurvival.com:80/survival/find-true-north-without-a-compass.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Survival: How to Find True North Without a Compass", "passages": [ "Lost in the wilderness or fleeing through hostile territory, knowing how to navigate without a compass is an essential survival skill.", "15 Top Wild Edibles That Can Save You in the Wild What are the best wild edibles that you can find and identify easily in an emergency that may be growing nearby and all around you? 15 wild edibles you need to know how to find to survive an extended", "The Top 10 Survival Supplies The right survival supplies on hand can save your life in an emergency, offer protection from the elements, as well as protection from dangerous animals -- or even other people.", "The Top 10 Survival Gear ... When All Hell Breaks Loose The survival gear that makes this list might surprise you. Effectiveness, ease of use, \"Survival Power\" and finally the price all play a factor. In a wilderness emergency or catastrophic disaster, what gear will you have on hand?", "Living in the modern world it's hard to imagine being lost -- with no idea where you're at -- and suddenly having to travel cross country, without a compass, map, or nowadays, GPS. Before the modern age and back to the time of primitive tribes in far off lands, most often people used the sun during the day to navigate -- and at night the moon and stars to find their way.", "Once you understand how they did this -- how people navigate without a compass by using the position of the sun or position of the stars and moon -- to help plot direction -- with a little practice you'll be able to do so also.", "Navigating by the sun, moon, or stars works on the high seas just as well as it works on land.", "The North Star has been used by many people over the centuries to help find true north. Today's Boy Scouts teach finding the North Star as a method for finding north and you can also.", "To find the North Star you first have to locate the Big Dipper constellation in the night sky. Here's a link to a constellation chart if you're not sure what the Big Dipper looks like.", "Next, locate the furthest two stars in the \"spoon\" part of the Big Dipper and then draw a straight line connecting the two, then continue away from the top of the spoon with that line, approximately five times the distance of the space between the two stars (see top illustration at link above). That line you draw should end right at the North Star.", "Once you've located the North Star, place a stick in the ground, perhaps 2 feet tall, and then a second shorter stick a foot or two away, with the taller stick directly between the shorter stick and the North Star.", "Now, line your eye sight with the tops of the two sticks with the North Star, so that what it looks like is a diagonal line (in your mind) starting from the top of the shorter stick, slanting up to the top of the longer stick, and finally connecting with the North Star in the sky.", "Finally, draw a line in the ground from the base of the shorter stick to the base of the longer stick -- and then continue to draw a line in the ground so it points away from the longer stick. If you've done this right the line will be pointing true north.", "Now bend down behind the first stick and line up your eye so that a straight line could be drawn (in your mind) from your eye, to the tops of the two sticks, and then finally to a star in the night sky.", "If the star moves up, you are facing east; if it moves down, you are facing west; if it moves right, you are facing south; if it moves left, you are facing north. See: Farmer's Almanac - Find your way without a compass", "Sign Up for our free email newsletter packed with survival tips and tips on preparing for widespread disaster. Topics covered include survival foods, martial law, government collapse, living off the land, self defense, survival hunting, survival fishing, and MORE...", "Line up landmarks in front of you. Pick out a tree, hillside, rock outcropping in the far distance, then find another landmark between you and it. Many people who are lost have been known to travel in circles -- theory is that they pull to one direction subconsciously and before they know it eventually circle around, vs staying in a straight line. See: Discovery News: People naturally walk in circles", "POWs (prisoners of war) who escaped into the jungle were sometimes known to find that they were traveling in circles. Sometimes (as in the case of a POW) traveling in a circle is the last thing that you want to do in a survival situation. Learning how to find your way without a compass can be a life saver.", "Discover News writes: \"The results, published today in the journal Current Biology, showed that no matter how hard people tried to walk in a straight line, they often ended up going in circles without ever realizing that they were crossing their own paths.", "Circular walking befell only the four forest walkers who had to walk in overcast conditions and the one desert walker who walked at night after the moon had set. Those who could see the sun or moon managed to travel fairly straight.", "Previous studies have shown that bees, pigeons and a variety of other animals move in tight circles when orienting cues like the sun are missing.", "The new study suggests that, whether we're conscious of what we're doing or not, people are tuned into those types of environmental signals, too.\"", "The good news about navigating without a compass or a map? As long as you pay attention to where the sun and moon are (and the approximate time of day or night in regards to their position), you can stay in a fairly straight line.", "When clouds cover the sun and night sky however, now you have a problem. You'll have to bring some other methods for navigating without a compass into play.", "If you come upon a landmark (or see one in the distance) or you have to go around an obstacle, once you get passed that landmark or obstacle, look back, and then look forward, and create a line in your mind between a point in the distance in front of you to the obstacle or landmark behind you.", "Move forward along that line. After a short distance look back to ensure the obstacle/landmark stays directly behind you and notice the angle to the landscape you are traveling -- this is going to help you stay on a straight course.", "In an area of heavy brush or trees, with little visibility in the distance, you'll have to do this often. Otherwise it will be difficult to stay on course.", "Draw a line in the ground that lines up with your angle of travel and look directly ahead, into the distance, where the line points ... pick out a distinguishing feature in the landscape up ahead and now set your sights on that location.", "When you get to that location, look back at a landmark you had traveled from, and draw a line in the ground that continues to point the direction you are wanting to travel.", "Let's say for example you are traveling cross country, through hostile territory, with a highway or railroad just a mile or two to your left or right.", "If your goal is to stay out of sight while traveling the same direction as the highway or railroad, you'll need to line up landmarks that point in the same direction that the highway or railroad lead.", "You could always simply travel within 50 yards of the highway or railroad, but if you are in a dangerous area (such as in a time of collapse or you're simply an international traveler who's escaped after being kidnapped) you may not want to be anywhere near a public roadway, as that's where people may be searching for you, or on the look out for (and targeting) travelers.", "Increasingly people from America are at a higher risk of being kidnapped in foreign countries -- many people who kidnap Americans are simply criminals that want to collect a ransom (as seen in Mexico and South America and even Phoenix, Arizona, which has experienced a high rate of kidnappings in recent years).", "Though you may not ever be lost in the mountains -- if you travel to other nations you may one day have to escape abductors -- thus a good reason for learning how to navigate the land without a compass.", "Even if you have a compass, it doesn't mean you're going to be able to find your way. A compass needle points at magnetic north -- magnetic north is not the same as true north.", "Unless you understand how a compass works -- and the slight difference in degrees (which varies based on your location in the world) -- a compass will point you in the wrong way.", "You need to learn how to use a compass correctly and also have a new enough map that has the current degrees for true north vs. magnetic north -- called \"declination\". Depending on where you are in the country (for example, North America), the declination is different in different locations.", "In the western half of the United States, magnetic north is greater (a higher number in degrees) than true north.", "On your compass true north will be to the left of magnetic north -- where the needle is pointing. How many degrees to the left will depend on how far west you are from the 0 degree mark on a map of the U.S., referring to declination.", "The earth's magnetic field is gradually shifting west a 1/2 degree to a full degree every five years. To be the most accurate with a compass your map should be newer than five years old. An older map is still good -- but not when a compass is brought into the picture.", "A compass works by pointing to magnetic north -- because the earth's magnetic field is constantly changing slightly each year -- and because the magnetic field doesn't line up with the north pole on a map. As such you have to calculate the difference in degrees between magnetic north and true north -- or the compass is going to point you in the wrong direction.", "When looking at a mountain, there will be more vegetation on the north facing side of a mountain then on the south. The same can be said for a valley. Look to the slopes to both sides of the valley -- if the valley runs north and south, there will be more vegetation on the north facing slope than on the south facing slope.", "First, be sure that your watch is set to the correct time and working properly. There are two methods to using a watch to navigate: One method is for the northern hemisphere and the other is for the southern hemisphere.", "Northern Hemisphere: With your watch level with the ground, point the hour hand at the sun. Now, look at where the \"12\" is on your watch. Identify the halfway point between the hour hand and the 12. That direction is south. Which means the exact direction opposite of south is north.", "Southern Hemisphere: Hold your watch level with the ground and point the 12 at the sun. Identify the mid-way point between the 12 and the hour hand. That direction will be north.", "Please note: During daylight savings time (spring through early fall) this method will be slightly off. Turn back your hour hand one hour for the purpose of finding the exact direction -- then be sure to turn your hour hand ahead to the correct time just a few moments later after you've determined the direction (if you forget to turn your hour hand ahead to the correct time your route finding later that day will be off).", "First, place a straight stick approximately 3 feet in length in the ground, early in the day before noon. Note the shadow that is cast by the stick. Mark the tip of the shadow with a small rock or twig (peg) in the ground.", "Next, draw an evenly balanced circle around the stick from that rock. When you're done the stick will be directly in the center of the circle and the rock will be on the edge of the circle.", "When noon occurs a bit later (technically called \"solar noon\" -- when the sun is at it's highest point in the sky -- which is generally in the noon hour on a clock -- but varies depending on time zones and locations) the sun will now be at it's highest point. This means that the shadow from the stick (in the center) will be at it's smallest point.", "In the minutes and hour that follow the sun will begin to drop slightly in the sky as the day continues; the shadow from the stick (in the center) will begin to point longer and longer toward the circle that you drew in the dirt.", "Once the shadow reaches the edge of the circle, mark it with a small rock or twig. Congratulations -- you can now identify east and west by drawing a straight line in the dirt from the first rock/twig to the second rock/twig. If you are in the northern hemisphere, the first rock/twig will be pointing west and the second rock/twig will be pointing east.", "However, if you are in the southern hemisphere, the first rock/twig will be pointing east, not west. See: Navigation using sticks, stones, and the sun (refer to method \"B\" under \"shadow stick\").", "Sign Up for our free email newsletter packed with survival tips and tips on preparing for widespread disaster. Topics covered include survival foods, martial law, government collapse, living off the land, self defense, survival hunting, survival fishing, and MORE..." ] }, "parsed_md": "Survival: How to Find True North Without a Compass\n\nMENU\n\nWhen Disaster Strikes, Be Prepared for Anything\n\nSEARCH: Emergency Supplies, Natural Disasters, Food Shortages & Riots,\nPrepping, Post Apocalypse, MORE...\n\nHome » Sections » Wilderness Survival\n\n# Survival: How to Find True North Without a Compass\n\nLost in the wilderness or fleeing through hostile territory, knowing how to\nnavigate without a compass is an essential survival skill.\n\nby Mark Lawrence, Copyright © SecretsofSurvival.com\n\nContinued Below ...\n\nRelated Articles\n\n15 Top Wild Edibles That Can Save You in the Wild What are the best wild\nedibles that you can find and identify easily in an emergency that may be\ngrowing nearby and all around you? 15 wild edibles you need to know how to\nfind to survive an extended\n\nThe Top 10 Survival Supplies The right survival supplies on hand can save your\nlife in an emergency, offer protection from the elements, as well as\nprotection from dangerous animals -- or even other people.\n\nThe Top 10 Survival Gear ... When All Hell Breaks Loose The survival gear that\nmakes this list might surprise you. Effectiveness, ease of use, \"Survival\nPower\" and finally the price all play a factor. In a wilderness emergency or\ncatastrophic disaster, what gear will you have on hand?\n\nLiving in the modern world it's hard to imagine being lost -- with no idea\nwhere you're at -- and suddenly having to travel cross country, without a\ncompass, map, or nowadays, GPS. Before the modern age and back to the time of\nprimitive tribes in far off lands, most often people used the sun during the\nday to navigate -- and at night the moon and stars to find their way.\n\nOnce you understand how they did this -- how people navigate without a compass\nby using the position of the sun or position of the stars and moon -- to help\nplot direction -- with a little practice you'll be able to do so also.\n\nNavigating by the sun, moon, or stars works on the high seas just as well as\nit works on land.\n\n## Use the North Star to Find True North\n\nThe North Star has been used by many people over the centuries to help find\ntrue north. Today's Boy Scouts teach finding the North Star as a method for\nfinding north and you can also.\n\n## Find the Big Dipper and the North Star\n\n1) To find the North Star you first have to locate the Big Dipper\nconstellation in the night sky. Here's a link to a constellation chart if\nyou're not sure what the Big Dipper looks like.\n\n2) Next, locate the furthest two stars in the \"spoon\" part of the Big Dipper\nand then draw a straight line connecting the two, then continue away from the\ntop of the spoon with that line, approximately five times the distance of the\nspace between the two stars (see top illustration at link above). That line\nyou draw should end right at the North Star.\n\n3) Once you've located the North Star, place a stick in the ground, perhaps 2\nfeet tall, and then a second shorter stick a foot or two away, with the taller\nstick directly between the shorter stick and the North Star.\n\n4) Now, line your eye sight with the tops of the two sticks with the North\nStar, so that what it looks like is a diagonal line (in your mind) starting\nfrom the top of the shorter stick, slanting up to the top of the longer stick,\nand finally connecting with the North Star in the sky.\n\n5) Finally, draw a line in the ground from the base of the shorter stick to\nthe base of the longer stick -- and then continue to draw a line in the ground\nso it points away from the longer stick. If you've done this right the line\nwill be pointing true north.\n\nSee: Finding direction without a compass\n\n## Two Sticks at Night Method\n\n1) Place a stick in the ground so that it stands vertically.\n\n2) Place a second taller stick just beyond the first stick.\n\n3) Now bend down behind the first stick and line up your eye so that a\nstraight line could be drawn (in your mind) from your eye, to the tops of the\ntwo sticks, and then finally to a star in the night sky.\n\n4) Be patient and watch the star for a few minutes ...\n\nIf the star moves up, you are facing east; if it moves down, you are facing\nwest; if it moves right, you are facing south; if it moves left, you are\nfacing north. See: Farmer's Almanac - Find your way without a compass\n\n## Staying on a Straight Course while Crossing Terrain\n\nContinued Below ...\n\nAre You Prepared for a Worst Case Scenario?\n\nSign Up for our free email newsletter packed with survival tips and tips on\npreparing for widespread disaster. Topics covered include survival foods,\nmartial law, government collapse, living off the land, self defense, survival\nhunting, survival fishing, and MORE...\n\nLine up landmarks in front of you. Pick out a tree, hillside, rock outcropping\nin the far distance, then find another landmark between you and it. Many\npeople who are lost have been known to travel in circles -- theory is that\nthey pull to one direction subconsciously and before they know it eventually\ncircle around, vs staying in a straight line. See: Discovery News: People\nnaturally walk in circles\n\nPOWs (prisoners of war) who escaped into the jungle were sometimes known to\nfind that they were traveling in circles. Sometimes (as in the case of a POW)\ntraveling in a circle is the last thing that you want to do in a survival\nsituation. Learning how to find your way without a compass can be a life\nsaver.\n\nDiscover News writes: \"The results, published today in the journal Current\nBiology, showed that no matter how hard people tried to walk in a straight\nline, they often ended up going in circles without ever realizing that they\nwere crossing their own paths.\n\nBut there was a twist.\n\nCircular walking befell only the four forest walkers who had to walk in\novercast conditions and the one desert walker who walked at night after the\nmoon had set. Those who could see the sun or moon managed to travel fairly\nstraight.\n\nPrevious studies have shown that bees, pigeons and a variety of other animals\nmove in tight circles when orienting cues like the sun are missing.\n\nThe new study suggests that, whether we're conscious of what we're doing or\nnot, people are tuned into those types of environmental signals, too.\"\n\nThe good news about navigating without a compass or a map? As long as you pay\nattention to where the sun and moon are (and the approximate time of day or\nnight in regards to their position), you can stay in a fairly straight line.\n\nWhen clouds cover the sun and night sky however, now you have a problem.\nYou'll have to bring some other methods for navigating without a compass into\nplay.\n\n## Use Landmarks to Navigate Without a Compass\n\n1) If you come upon a landmark (or see one in the distance) or you have to go\naround an obstacle, once you get passed that landmark or obstacle, look back,\nand then look forward, and create a line in your mind between a point in the\ndistance in front of you to the obstacle or landmark behind you.\n\n2) Move forward along that line. After a short distance look back to ensure\nthe obstacle/landmark stays directly behind you and notice the angle to the\nlandscape you are traveling -- this is going to help you stay on a straight\ncourse.\n\nIn an area of heavy brush or trees, with little visibility in the distance,\nyou'll have to do this often. Otherwise it will be difficult to stay on\ncourse.\n\n3) Draw a line in the ground that lines up with your angle of travel and look\ndirectly ahead, into the distance, where the line points ... pick out a\ndistinguishing feature in the landscape up ahead and now set your sights on\nthat location.\n\n4) When you get to that location, look back at a landmark you had traveled\nfrom, and draw a line in the ground that continues to point the direction you\nare wanting to travel.\n\nDoing this throughout your trek should keep you in a fairly straight\ndirection.\n\n## Navigating Through Hostile Territory without a Compass\n\nLet's say for example you are traveling cross country, through hostile\nterritory, with a highway or railroad just a mile or two to your left or\nright.\n\nIf your goal is to stay out of sight while traveling the same direction as the\nhighway or railroad, you'll need to line up landmarks that point in the same\ndirection that the highway or railroad lead.\n\nYou could always simply travel within 50 yards of the highway or railroad, but\nif you are in a dangerous area (such as in a time of collapse or you're simply\nan international traveler who's escaped after being kidnapped) you may not\nwant to be anywhere near a public roadway, as that's where people may be\nsearching for you, or on the look out for (and targeting) travelers.\n\nIncreasingly people from America are at a higher risk of being kidnapped in\nforeign countries -- many people who kidnap Americans are simply criminals\nthat want to collect a ransom (as seen in Mexico and South America and even\nPhoenix, Arizona, which has experienced a high rate of kidnappings in recent\nyears).\n\nSome kidnappers however are terrorists who just want to take the lives of\nAmericans.\n\nThough you may not ever be lost in the mountains -- if you travel to other\nnations you may one day have to escape abductors -- thus a good reason for\nlearning how to navigate the land without a compass.\n\n## If You Have a Compass, It Doesn't Mean It Will Help You\n\nEven if you have a compass, it doesn't mean you're going to be able to find\nyour way. A compass needle points at magnetic north -- magnetic north is not\nthe same as true north.\n\nUnless you understand how a compass works -- and the slight difference in\ndegrees (which varies based on your location in the world) -- a compass will\npoint you in the wrong way.\n\n## How to Use a Compass\n\nYou need to learn how to use a compass correctly and also have a new enough\nmap that has the current degrees for true north vs. magnetic north -- called\n\"declination\". Depending on where you are in the country (for example, North\nAmerica), the declination is different in different locations.\n\nIn the western half of the United States, magnetic north is greater (a higher\nnumber in degrees) than true north.\n\nOn your compass true north will be to the left of magnetic north -- where the\nneedle is pointing. How many degrees to the left will depend on how far west\nyou are from the 0 degree mark on a map of the U.S., referring to declination.\n\nThe earth's magnetic field is gradually shifting west a 1/2 degree to a full\ndegree every five years. To be the most accurate with a compass your map\nshould be newer than five years old. An older map is still good -- but not\nwhen a compass is brought into the picture.\n\nA compass works by pointing to magnetic north -- because the earth's magnetic\nfield is constantly changing slightly each year -- and because the magnetic\nfield doesn't line up with the north pole on a map. As such you have to\ncalculate the difference in degrees between magnetic north and true north --\nor the compass is going to point you in the wrong direction.\n\nIf this sounds a bit complicated, here's a link to an article put together by\na Boy Scout troop.\n\nLand Navigation\n\n## Navigate Without a Compass - Study the Vegetation\n\nStudy the forest -- moss grows on the north side of trees.\n\nWhen looking at a mountain, there will be more vegetation on the north facing\nside of a mountain then on the south. The same can be said for a valley. Look\nto the slopes to both sides of the valley -- if the valley runs north and\nsouth, there will be more vegetation on the north facing slope than on the\nsouth facing slope.\n\nSun Navigation\n\n## Find Your Way Without a Compass - Use a Watch with an Hour Hand\n\nFirst, be sure that your watch is set to the correct time and working\nproperly. There are two methods to using a watch to navigate: One method is\nfor the northern hemisphere and the other is for the southern hemisphere.\n\nNorthern Hemisphere: With your watch level with the ground, point the hour\nhand at the sun. Now, look at where the \"12\" is on your watch. Identify the\nhalfway point between the hour hand and the 12. That direction is south. Which\nmeans the exact direction opposite of south is north.\n\nKnowing east and west should now be clear to you.\n\nSouthern Hemisphere: Hold your watch level with the ground and point the 12 at\nthe sun. Identify the mid-way point between the 12 and the hour hand. That\ndirection will be north.\n\nPlease note: During daylight savings time (spring through early fall) this\nmethod will be slightly off. Turn back your hour hand one hour for the purpose\nof finding the exact direction -- then be sure to turn your hour hand ahead to\nthe correct time just a few moments later after you've determined the\ndirection (if you forget to turn your hour hand ahead to the correct time your\nroute finding later that day will be off).\n\n## Sun Shadow Method\n\nAnother method for finding north calls for using the sun and just a stick,\ndirt, and two rocks.\n\n1) First, place a straight stick approximately 3 feet in length in the ground,\nearly in the day before noon. Note the shadow that is cast by the stick. Mark\nthe tip of the shadow with a small rock or twig (peg) in the ground.\n\n2) Next, draw an evenly balanced circle around the stick from that rock. When\nyou're done the stick will be directly in the center of the circle and the\nrock will be on the edge of the circle.\n\n3) When noon occurs a bit later (technically called \"solar noon\" -- when the\nsun is at it's highest point in the sky -- which is generally in the noon hour\non a clock -- but varies depending on time zones and locations) the sun will\nnow be at it's highest point. This means that the shadow from the stick (in\nthe center) will be at it's smallest point.\n\n4) In the minutes and hour that follow the sun will begin to drop slightly in\nthe sky as the day continues; the shadow from the stick (in the center) will\nbegin to point longer and longer toward the circle that you drew in the dirt.\n\n5) Once the shadow reaches the edge of the circle, mark it with a small rock\nor twig. Congratulations -- you can now identify east and west by drawing a\nstraight line in the dirt from the first rock/twig to the second rock/twig. If\nyou are in the northern hemisphere, the first rock/twig will be pointing west\nand the second rock/twig will be pointing east.\n\nHowever, if you are in the southern hemisphere, the first rock/twig will be\npointing east, not west. See: Navigation using sticks, stones, and the sun\n(refer to method \"B\" under \"shadow stick\").\n\nSee Also:\n\n1\\. The Top 10 Survival Gear ... When All Hell Breaks Loose\n\n2\\. 3 Survival Tips from U.S. Special Forces\n\n3\\. 15 Essential Survival Tips And Supplies\n\nLatest Stories:\n\n1\\. Off Grid Living - How to Get Land and Build a Home or Cabin\n\n2\\. Off Grid Survival: Cabin Rentals and RV Camping for a \"Practice\" Bug Out\n\n3\\. Trapping vs Hunting - Post Apocalypse Survival\n\n4\\. The American Prepper's Canada Survival Guide for SHTF\n\n5\\. How to Make and Store Electricity ... Before an SHTF Grid Collapse\n\n[SECRETS OF SURVIVAL: FRONT PAGE]\n\nMost Shares / Most Reads\n\nKidnapped? Hostage? How to Escape and Evade Forced Captivity\n\nThe Top 10 Survival Gear ... When All Hell Breaks Loose\n\nSafe from Home Invasion? DIY Security for Your Home\n\nHand to Hand Combat: How to Fight Like Jason Bourne\n\n10 Ways to Fool the Authorities & Escape Martial Law\n\nBest Emergency Food Methods for Keeping Your Family Alive\n\nEssential Emergency Supplies to Survive Any Disaster\n\n[HOW TO SURVIVE: Top 50 Most Read / Most Shared Survival Guides]\n\nPopular Topics:\n\nSurvival Kits... Collapse of Civilization... Nuclear War... Prepper\nSecurity... Survival Food... Crisis Newsletter... Living Off the Land...\nHerbal Medicine... Moving and Relocation...\n\n## SUBSCRIBE TO SECRETSOFSURVIVAL FREE -- WEEKLY UPDATES\n\nSign Up for our free email newsletter packed with survival tips and tips on\npreparing for widespread disaster. Topics covered include survival foods,\nmartial law, government collapse, living off the land, self defense, survival\nhunting, survival fishing, and MORE...\n\n * Natural Disasters\n * Economic Collapse\n * Survival Gear\n * Prepping for Disaster\n * Wilderness Survival\n * Self Defense\n * Geo-Political Threats\n * Martial Law\n * Terrorist Attack\n * EMP\n * Nuclear Attack\n * Post Apocalypse\n * Deadly Virus\n * End of Days\n * Survival Resources\n\nWhen Disaster Strikes, Be Prepared for Anything\n\nSEARCH: Emergency Supplies, Natural Disasters, Food Shortages & Riots,\nPrepping, Post Apocalypse, MORE...\n\nMENU\n\n© 2018, Secrets of Survival, SecretsofSurvival.com. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.learn-orienteering.org/old/nocompass1.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200623034839/https://www.learn-orienteering.org/old/nocompass1.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to use a compass", "passages": [ "You are lost. I mean really lost. Standing in the middle of nowhere, and you have no idea where to go. If you are really in trouble, remember two things first of all: stay calm, think rationally, and you can survive a long time without food. What you need is to drink.", "Further thoughts about extreme survival skills is beyond the scope of this page, seek advice elsewhere beyond this introduction. This page deals with the situation of finding your way, without the aid of a compass. What you have, is the sun, the stars, and the nature around you.", "This page is mainly about the northern hemisphere of the earth, actually north of 23.5 °, because I have never been to the southern hemisphere myself (would like to go there of course!). The methods described do of course apply to the southern hemisphere as well, but in some places there may be a need to swap north and south to get it right. I hope you are able to figure it out.", "For a start, it may be a good idea to climb a hill, and get a good look around. Try to see traces of human activity. If you see nothing, you should try to figure out in what direction would be the best to travel. If you haven't got a map, try to draw one if you can of the terrain in front of you, and try to mark off where north is, using the methods below. If you have got a map, try to determine where you are. Remember, you don't want to climb more hills than you have to. Also you should carefully consider not to climb if you are very tired. In that case you should consider staying where you are. Consult other sources for information on how to make it easy for rescuers.", "Let us start with the most accurate method. This method requires that you have a pretty clear sky, though, and takes a lot of time. One of the advantages is that you don't need any equipment. You would need a straight pole about 1 meter (or a yard) long, two small sticks or rocks, another stick (or rock) that needs to be a little sharp, and something that can act as a string.", "In the morning, at least before noon, the trick starts. Stick the long pole in the ground, upright. The ground around the pole needs to be horizontal. Now, you can place one of the little sticks in the ground exactly where the shadow of the pole ends, like on the figure. Then tie the string to the base of the pole, and tie the little, sharp stick, to the other end, so that when the string is stretched it reaches exactly the little stick standing there in the soil. Then, scratch half a circle in the soil with your sharp little stick, and wait... Wait. Wait until the evening. During the day, the shadow will get shorter and shorter, until noon, when it gets longer again. At noon, when the shadow is at its shortest, you may want to mark the point. The shadow is now pointing north (if you are north of 23.5 ° north). It is however not very easy to see exactly when this is, but it is useful anyway. Finally, the shadow reaches your circle again, and when it does, place your other little stick at the spot where the shadow ends. If you haven't got a string, you could use a pole that has the right length, or try to come up with some other improvised solution. Just make sure what you draw is a circle. Now, the line from the first stick to the second is west-east, like on the figure. Actually, you may want to mark points regurlarly, because any two points that have exactly the same distance from the base of the pole will give the West-East line. If it is partly cloudy, this may be a good idea.", "There is a short, fast version of this one as well. This is only approximate, though, and the further away from the equator you get, the more inaccurate is it. You don't need the sharp stick and the string. Just wait 20 minutes between placing each of the sticks, and the line between the two sticks will be approximately west-east, like on the figure. Often, you wouldn't need anything more accurate. At night, you can navigate after the stars. You should, however, be careful with walking, it is easy to stumble and fall and get injured, and also easy to lose sight of the stars as you go, and you might start going around in circles. Often it will also be more physically and mentally demanding. In the northern hemisphere, there is a star that is almost exactly in the north at all times, the Polaris. It is pretty easy to find, if you know the \"Big Dipper\". (Everybody knows the Big Dipper (or the Plough)?) Take the two stars at the end of the \"Big Dipper\", and make an imaginary line \"upwards\", and extend it five times the distance between the two stars. There you have it - Polaris. That way is always north. The figure is courtesy of Kathy Miles. Used with permission.", "In the southern hemisphere, you would have to find the Southern Cross. Because I haven't been south of the equator, I can't help you find it, make someone tell you where it is right now, if you don't know it already. That way is south.", "If you have an analog wrist watch, you can use the time to find north. Hold your watch up in front of you, and let the short hand, red on the figure, that indicates hours point at the sun. While holding it like this, cut the angle between the red arrow and 12 o'clock in two, (noonwards if the time is before 6am or after 6pm), that way is south. (The reason you need to cut it in two, is because the clock takes two rotations while the sun takes one around the earth, it is of course the other way around, but never mind.)", "Many people wear digital watches these days (I do myself, if I wear one at all). If you do, draw an analog watch face on a piece of paper, and then mark the hour hand on using the digital watch. The rest of the method is identical.", "This method can be used even when it is pretty foggy. Although you may not be able to see the sun, it may still cast a shadow. If you take up a straw or a tiny stick, and you may see a shadow. You just have to remember that the shadow points the opposite way from the sun, but the rest of it is quite similar as above.", "Want to make your own compass? Sure. You need a needle and a glass of water. A needle can in fact float on the water, or that is, on the surface tension forces if put carefully on the surface. Just put it carefully down on the surface of the water. This demands a lot of patience though. There are three tricks that makes it go easier. One: Put the needle on a piece of paper. If the paper floats too, there is no problem, and if the paper sinks, it'll probably leave the needle. If you put some grease on the needle that isn't water-based, it'll go easier, or if you put it carefully down with a fork or something. Once it has got there, it stays there pretty good.", "If the needle is magnetic, it will act as a normal compass and be very accurate. A problem is though, that you don't know north from south. All you know is that it lays north-south. You would have to use one of the other techniques to find out, or make a good guess.", "The greatest problem with this is: Not many needles are made of magnetic materials these days.... You can't just use any needle. You may just have to look around to see what you can find, if you want to make a yourself a compass.", "What if there is no shadow? Then, there are a few methods based on natural signs. I will deal with the ones I have checked myself.", "It is very much about trees. First of all, there will be fewer branches to the north. This is usually easiest to see if you look up along the trunk of the tree. The north face of the tree would be more humid than the south face, which is something most species of lichen (or moss) likes, and consequently, there will be more of it on the north face. On the image above, you can also see that ants likes to build their nests on the south side of the tree.", "It is also worthwhile to look at how snow melts. In the spring in the mountains, snow will melt faster on the south face of rocks, or in south faced slopes. Also, vegetation and undergrowth will typically be thicker on the South facing slopes, and also fruits ripen earlier on the South facing slopes.", "These methods are not very reliable, I am afraid. Winds may alter the average conditions significantly, and cause deviations. If you use natural signs, you should use as many signs as you can before you draw a conclusion." ] }, "parsed_md": "How To Use a Compass - when you have no compass....\n\nKjetil Kjernsmo's illustrated guide on\n\n# How to use a compass\n\n### Finding the directions without a compass\n\nYou are lost. I mean really lost. Standing in the middle of nowhere, and you\nhave no idea where to go. If you are really in trouble, remember two things\nfirst of all: stay calm, think rationally, and you can survive a long time\nwithout food. What you need is to drink.\n\nFurther thoughts about extreme survival skills is beyond the scope of this\npage, seek advice elsewhere beyond this introduction. This page deals with the\nsituation of finding your way, without the aid of a compass. What you have, is\nthe sun, the stars, and the nature around you.\n\nThis page is mainly about the northern hemisphere of the earth, actually north\nof 23.5 °, because I have never been to the southern hemisphere myself (would\nlike to go there of course!). The methods described do of course apply to the\nsouthern hemisphere as well, but in some places there may be a need to swap\nnorth and south to get it right. I hope you are able to figure it out.\n\nFor a start, it may be a good idea to climb a hill, and get a good look\naround. Try to see traces of human activity. If you see nothing, you should\ntry to figure out in what direction would be the best to travel. If you\nhaven't got a map, try to draw one if you can of the terrain in front of you,\nand try to mark off where north is, using the methods below. If you have got a\nmap, try to determine where you are. Remember, you don't want to climb more\nhills than you have to. Also you should carefully consider not to climb if you\nare very tired. In that case you should consider staying where you are.\nConsult other sources for information on how to make it easy for rescuers.\n\nLet us start with the most accurate method. This method requires that you have\na pretty clear sky, though, and takes a lot of time. One of the advantages is\nthat you don't need any equipment. You would need a straight pole about 1\nmeter (or a yard) long, two small sticks or rocks, another stick (or rock)\nthat needs to be a little sharp, and something that can act as a string.\n\nIn the morning, at least before noon, the trick starts. Stick the long pole in\nthe ground, upright. The ground around the pole needs to be horizontal. Now,\nyou can place one of the little sticks in the ground exactly where the shadow\nof the pole ends, like on the figure. Then tie the string to the base of the\npole, and tie the little, sharp stick, to the other end, so that when the\nstring is stretched it reaches exactly the little stick standing there in the\nsoil. Then, scratch half a circle in the soil with your sharp little stick,\nand wait... Wait. Wait until the evening. During the day, the shadow will get\nshorter and shorter, until noon, when it gets longer again. At noon, when the\nshadow is at its shortest, you may want to mark the point. The shadow is now\npointing north (if you are north of 23.5 ° north). It is however not very easy\nto see exactly when this is, but it is useful anyway. Finally, the shadow\nreaches your circle again, and when it does, place your other little stick at\nthe spot where the shadow ends. If you haven't got a string, you could use a\npole that has the right length, or try to come up with some other improvised\nsolution. Just make sure what you draw is a circle. Now, the line from the\nfirst stick to the second is west-east, like on the figure. Actually, you may\nwant to mark points regurlarly, because any two points that have exactly the\nsame distance from the base of the pole will give the West-East line. If it is\npartly cloudy, this may be a good idea.\n\nThere is a short, fast version of this one as well. This is only approximate,\nthough, and the further away from the equator you get, the more inaccurate is\nit. You don't need the sharp stick and the string. Just wait 20 minutes\nbetween placing each of the sticks, and the line between the two sticks will\nbe approximately west-east, like on the figure. Often, you wouldn't need\nanything more accurate. At night, you can navigate after the stars. You\nshould, however, be careful with walking, it is easy to stumble and fall and\nget injured, and also easy to lose sight of the stars as you go, and you might\nstart going around in circles. Often it will also be more physically and\nmentally demanding. In the northern hemisphere, there is a star that is almost\nexactly in the north at all times, the Polaris. It is pretty easy to find, if\nyou know the \"Big Dipper\". (Everybody knows the Big Dipper (or the Plough)?)\nTake the two stars at the end of the \"Big Dipper\", and make an imaginary line\n\"upwards\", and extend it five times the distance between the two stars. There\nyou have it - Polaris. That way is always north. The figure is courtesy of\nKathy Miles. Used with permission.\n\nIn the southern hemisphere, you would have to find the Southern Cross. Because\nI haven't been south of the equator, I can't help you find it, make someone\ntell you where it is right now, if you don't know it already. That way is\nsouth.\n\nIf you have an analog wrist watch, you can use the time to find north. Hold\nyour watch up in front of you, and let the short hand, red on the figure, that\nindicates hours point at the sun. While holding it like this, cut the angle\nbetween the red arrow and 12 o'clock in two, (noonwards if the time is before\n6am or after 6pm), that way is south. (The reason you need to cut it in two,\nis because the clock takes two rotations while the sun takes one around the\nearth, it is of course the other way around, but never mind.)\n\nMany people wear digital watches these days (I do myself, if I wear one at\nall). If you do, draw an analog watch face on a piece of paper, and then mark\nthe hour hand on using the digital watch. The rest of the method is identical.\n\nThis method can be used even when it is pretty foggy. Although you may not be\nable to see the sun, it may still cast a shadow. If you take up a straw or a\ntiny stick, and you may see a shadow. You just have to remember that the\nshadow points the opposite way from the sun, but the rest of it is quite\nsimilar as above.\n\nWant to make your own compass? Sure. You need a needle and a glass of water. A\nneedle can in fact float on the water, or that is, on the surface tension\nforces if put carefully on the surface. Just put it carefully down on the\nsurface of the water. This demands a lot of patience though. There are three\ntricks that makes it go easier. One: Put the needle on a piece of paper. If\nthe paper floats too, there is no problem, and if the paper sinks, it'll\nprobably leave the needle. If you put some grease on the needle that isn't\nwater-based, it'll go easier, or if you put it carefully down with a fork or\nsomething. Once it has got there, it stays there pretty good.\n\nIf the needle is magnetic, it will act as a normal compass and be very\naccurate. A problem is though, that you don't know north from south. All you\nknow is that it lays north-south. You would have to use one of the other\ntechniques to find out, or make a good guess.\n\nThe greatest problem with this is: Not many needles are made of magnetic\nmaterials these days.... You can't just use any needle. You may just have to\nlook around to see what you can find, if you want to make a yourself a\ncompass.\n\nWhat if there is no shadow? Then, there are a few methods based on natural\nsigns. I will deal with the ones I have checked myself.\n\nIt is very much about trees. First of all, there will be fewer branches to the\nnorth. This is usually easiest to see if you look up along the trunk of the\ntree. The north face of the tree would be more humid than the south face,\nwhich is something most species of lichen (or moss) likes, and consequently,\nthere will be more of it on the north face. On the image above, you can also\nsee that ants likes to build their nests on the south side of the tree.\n\nIt is also worthwhile to look at how snow melts. In the spring in the\nmountains, snow will melt faster on the south face of rocks, or in south faced\nslopes. Also, vegetation and undergrowth will typically be thicker on the\nSouth facing slopes, and also fruits ripen earlier on the South facing slopes.\n\nThese methods are not very reliable, I am afraid. Winds may alter the average\nconditions significantly, and cause deviations. If you use natural signs, you\nshould use as many signs as you can before you draw a conclusion.\n\nKjetil Kjernsmo © 1997\n\nLearn-Orienteering\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://camping-field-guide.com:80/navigating-without-a-compass.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200107033321/http://camping-field-guide.com:80/navigating-without-a-compass.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Navigating without a Compass – Camping Field Guide", "passages": [ "An important survival skill is navigating without a compass, map, or GPS. Most people that lost...didn’t plan on it! Therefore, it’s not likely that they packed a compass, map, GPS or other navigation aid. Many people that get lost in the woods are campers separated from their group, families searching for a Christmas tree, or skiers that have taken the wrong trail. These aren’t the kind of outings that you’d expect to pack a compass! So knowing how to navigate by the sun & stars could come in handy if you find yourself in this situation.", "There are so many myths and tales out there about navigating without a compass, but before you go searching for moss on trees, here are the reliable ways:", "First and foremost: the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. During the winter months, the sun takes a more southerly track than in the summer months for the northern hemisphere (so it rises in the SE and sets in the SW). But overall, this rule-of-thumb alone can help you find your direction on a sunny day. If you don’t have all day to watch and track the sun’s movement, try this:", "Place your left foot on the first rock’s location and your right foot on the second rock’s location – you’re now facing north.", "The shadow navigation method is a fairly reliable method. You can also draw a “W” at the first spot and an “E’ at the second spot of the tip of the shadow and draw a line between them and then a perpendicular line for North & South. But what do you do if the sun has set?", "Ancient mariners had been navigating without a compass for centuries prior to the modern age. And most of their methods put them on right on the right path. How did they do it? Celestial navigation is a fascinating topic in and of itself. But for purposes of an easy-to-remember survival skill, here are a few quick tips when you need to do some land navigation at night.", "If you’re in the northern hemisphere on a starry night, locate the big dipper in the sky. There are two stars on the cup of the ladle, opposite the handle. Draw a mental line from these stars and as you pan outward, you should see the North Star, as this is one of the brighter stars in the sky. Follow an imaginary perpendicular line to the horizon – this is north. See picture below.", "If you are in the southern hemisphere on a starry night, locate the Southern Cross in the sky. Mentally measure the longitudinal axis of the Southern Cross and extend this axis of the cross approximately 4.5 times in the downward direction. At this imaginary point, take a perpendicular to the horizon – this is south. This one can be a bit tricky – see the picture below for some guidance.", "Navigating without a compass gets easier with practice. Try a few of these methods on your next camping trip to show off your survival skills or entertain your campers...these tips could help you find your way!" ] }, "parsed_md": "Navigating without a Compass – Camping Field Guide\n\n# Camping Field Guide\n\nNavigating without a Compass\n\nCamping Gear, GPS, Navigation, Wilderness Survival\n\n#\n\nNavigating without a Compass\n\nCamping Gear, GPS, Navigation, Wilderness Survival\n\nShare2\n\nPin2\n\nTweet\n\n4 Shares\n\nAn important survival skill is navigating without a compass, map, or GPS. Most\npeople that lost...didn’t plan on it! Therefore, it’s not likely that they\npacked a compass, map, GPS or other navigation aid. Many people that get lost\nin the woods are campers separated from their group, families searching for a\nChristmas tree, or skiers that have taken the wrong trail. These aren’t the\nkind of outings that you’d expect to pack a compass! So knowing how to\nnavigate by the sun & stars could come in handy if you find yourself in this\nsituation.\n\nThere are so many myths and tales out there about navigating without a\ncompass, but before you go searching for moss on trees, here are the reliable\nways:\n\nFirst and foremost: the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. During the\nwinter months, the sun takes a more southerly track than in the summer months\nfor the northern hemisphere (so it rises in the SE and sets in the SW). But\noverall, this rule-of-thumb alone can help you find your direction on a sunny\nday. If you don’t have all day to watch and track the sun’s movement, try\nthis:\n\n 1. Put a tall stick in the ground and mark the top of its shadow with a rock.\n 2. Wait 15 minutes and place a second rock at the tip of the shadow’s new location.\n 3. Place your left foot on the first rock’s location and your right foot on the second rock’s location – you’re now facing north.\n\nThe shadow navigation method is a fairly reliable method. You can also draw a\n“W” at the first spot and an “E’ at the second spot of the tip of the shadow\nand draw a line between them and then a perpendicular line for North & South.\nBut what do you do if the sun has set?\n\nAncient mariners had been navigating without a compass for centuries prior to\nthe modern age. And most of their methods put them on right on the right path.\nHow did they do it? Celestial navigation is a fascinating topic in and of\nitself. But for purposes of an easy-to-remember survival skill, here are a few\nquick tips when you need to do some land navigation at night.\n\nIf you’re in the northern hemisphere on a starry night, locate the big dipper\nin the sky. There are two stars on the cup of the ladle, opposite the handle.\nDraw a mental line from these stars and as you pan outward, you should see the\nNorth Star, as this is one of the brighter stars in the sky. Follow an\nimaginary perpendicular line to the horizon – this is north. See picture\nbelow.\n\nIf you are in the southern hemisphere on a starry night, locate the Southern\nCross in the sky. Mentally measure the longitudinal axis of the Southern Cross\nand extend this axis of the cross approximately 4.5 times in the downward\ndirection. At this imaginary point, take a perpendicular to the horizon – this\nis south. This one can be a bit tricky – see the picture below for some\nguidance.\n\nNavigating without a compass gets easier with practice. Try a few of these\nmethods on your next camping trip to show off your survival skills or\nentertain your campers...these tips could help you find your way!\n\nShare2\n\nPin2\n\nTweet\n\n4 Shares\n\n## Related Pages:\n\nTent Guide\n\nCamping Activities\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * Survival Hax 10-in-1 Survival Kit – Product Review\n * Welcome!\n\n#### Categories\n\n© 2000-2020 Copyright | Camping Field Guide | Sharing Lifes Adventures, LLC\n\n" } ]
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How To Paint Silicone
The smooth surface of silicone can make it difficult to paint, so you’ll need to do a bit of preparation to get it ready. To paint silicone caulk, first, wipe denatured alcohol over the caulk to roughen it so the paint can stick. Then, apply silicone acrylic latex to the caulk to act as an extra layer. When you’re ready to paint, apply an oil-based primer first and then 1 to 2 layers of oil-based paint. To paint silicone prosthetics or props, first, wipe the silicone with acetone to remove any grease. Then, mix together 3 parts oil-based paint with 1 part silicone caulking to make the paint flexible. If the mixture is too thick to apply, add some paint thinner. To paint the silicone, apply 1 to 2 thin layers of the paint.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20141019012425/http://www.onlinetips.org:80/painting-silicone-caulk", "http://web.archive.org/web/20180129021446/http://www.ps-composites.com:80/painting-silicone/" ]
train
-1
[ { "original_url": "http://www.onlinetips.org:80/painting-silicone-caulk", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20141019012425/http://www.onlinetips.org:80/painting-silicone-caulk", "parsed_text": { "title": "Painting Silicone Caulk", "passages": [ "Opinions differ, but the overriding consensus among carpenters seems to be that painting silicone caulk is not recommended. Silicone caulk is formulated to be used in places where water may be a factor, such as between tub and tile in a bathroom or between a splashboard and tile over a kitchen sink. Because the silicone in the caulk causes it to be slick and slippery, it’s hard for paint or primer to adhere to silicone caulk.", "If it’s too late and silicone caulk has already been used in an area you wish to paint, here are some tips to try and make the paint and/or primer adhere to it:", "1. Rub the area with denatured alcohol. Alcohol has a tendency to rough up the surface of silicone caulk, and this might allow paint and primer to adequately stick. Use oil-based paint and primer (as opposed to latex) for an even greater percentage of success.", "2. The other alternative is to clean the silicone caulk very well and then cover it with a thinly spread film of painters caulk and allow it to dry thoroughly before applying paint and/or primer.", "3. Chances are, if you’re dealing with silicone caulk, you also face a problem with the caulk and mold growing on it. This black stuff will come right through paint and onto any kind of caulk no matter how much denatured alcohol you put on it. You can purchase silicone caulk with a fungicide in it, but this provides only a temporary fix. Since mold grows not only on the caulk, but also on the soap scum and other unknown agents adhering to the caulk, it’s next to impossible to prevent mold. You can get rid of it, however. The answer? Apply bleach at a ratio of 1⁄2 cup to one gallon of water and spray or brush on, leaving about 15 minutes. Be sure and provide plenty of ventilation to avoid inhaling bleach fumes.", "The bottom line? Think about where the caulking is going to be used and whether or not water will be present at any time before deciding on which caulk to apply. Remember to use silicone caulk for damp or water-prone areas and latex caulk for all other applications. And if all else fails with silicone caulk you’re trying unsuccessfully to paint or prime, you can always dig it all out and start over." ] }, "parsed_md": "Painting Silicone Caulk\n\n≡ Menu\n\n * Air Conditioning\n * Cleaning Tips\n * Flooring\n * Grouting\n * How-To\n * Lawn Care\n * Roofing\n * Woodworking\n\n# Painting Silicone Caulk\n\non 04/29/2006\n\nOpinions differ, but the overriding consensus among carpenters seems to be\nthat painting silicone caulk is not recommended. Silicone caulk is formulated\nto be used in places where water may be a factor, such as between tub and tile\nin a bathroom or between a splashboard and tile over a kitchen sink. Because\nthe silicone in the caulk causes it to be slick and slippery, it’s hard for\npaint or primer to adhere to silicone caulk.\n\nIf it’s too late and silicone caulk has already been used in an area you wish\nto paint, here are some tips to try and make the paint and/or primer adhere to\nit:\n\n1\\. Rub the area with denatured alcohol. Alcohol has a tendency to rough up\nthe surface of silicone caulk, and this might allow paint and primer to\nadequately stick. Use oil-based paint and primer (as opposed to latex) for an\neven greater percentage of success.\n\n2\\. The other alternative is to clean the silicone caulk very well and then\ncover it with a thinly spread film of painters caulk and allow it to dry\nthoroughly before applying paint and/or primer.\n\n3\\. Chances are, if you’re dealing with silicone caulk, you also face a\nproblem with the caulk and mold growing on it. This black stuff will come\nright through paint and onto any kind of caulk no matter how much denatured\nalcohol you put on it. You can purchase silicone caulk with a fungicide in it,\nbut this provides only a temporary fix. Since mold grows not only on the\ncaulk, but also on the soap scum and other unknown agents adhering to the\ncaulk, it’s next to impossible to prevent mold. You can get rid of it,\nhowever. The answer? Apply bleach at a ratio of 1⁄2 cup to one gallon of water\nand spray or brush on, leaving about 15 minutes. Be sure and provide plenty of\nventilation to avoid inhaling bleach fumes.\n\nThe bottom line? Think about where the caulking is going to be used and\nwhether or not water will be present at any time before deciding on which\ncaulk to apply. Remember to use silicone caulk for damp or water-prone areas\nand latex caulk for all other applications. And if all else fails with\nsilicone caulk you’re trying unsuccessfully to paint or prime, you can always\ndig it all out and start over.\n\nNext post: Pond Fountain\n\nPrevious post: Oak Hardwood Flooring\n\n * Appliances\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n * Carpentry\n * Ceramic Tile\n * Cleaning Tips\n * Construction\n * Countertops\n * Decks\n * Decorating\n * Flooring\n * Gardening\n * Green Living\n * Home Security\n * How-To\n * HVAC\n * Kitchen\n * Lighting\n * Masonry\n * Pests\n * Plumbing\n * Renovation\n * Roofing\n * Tools\n * Windows\n * Woodworking\n\nFollow OnlineTips.org\n\n * RSS Feed\n * Get OnlineTips delivered by email\n\nTranslation\n\nEnglish Dansk Nederlands Français Deutsch Italiano Norsk Português Español\nSvenska\n\nby\n\nHome |xml |Privacy Policy |Terms of Use |Archives\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.ps-composites.com:80/painting-silicone/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180129021446/http://www.ps-composites.com:80/painting-silicone/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Painting silicone", "passages": [ "You may be trying to paint on silicone prosthetics, props, or you may just want to figure out a way to get paint to adhere to the silicone caulk that is sealing the edges of your exterior windows. Either way, the process is pretty much the same. Because paint doesn’t stick very well to silicone, certain preparation techniques are required to encourage paint adhesion. If you need to paint silicone rubber, you need to learn these techniques before you get started.", "The first step is to clean the silicone thoroughly of any grease or release agent that may still be on the silicone. Do this by wiping the silicone down with a solvent such as isopropanol (IPA), acetone, or delimolene (orange solvent). Once the silicone is clean it is ready to paint.", "As silicone is flexible it is important that the paint has the same flexible quality. Without this, the paint will have a tendency to flake off. A good method of creating a flexible paint is to use an oil-based paint (your chosen colour) alongside silicone caulking. To thin it down, use orange solvent or white spirit. You can then paint the silicone, and the solvent in the mix will evaporate (leaving the coloured silicone before curing). The mix can be thinned down until it’s very runny, enabling you to paint with an airbrush if you choose. We would recommend that a respirator (3M Mask) should always be used when spraying any solvent based liquids.", "When painting silicone to look like skin (prosthetics or creature effects), it is a good idea to paint with more of a thin mix and to apply the paint in layers. This will give you more depth, therefore making the resulting effects appear more realistic.", "If you are painting tin silicone, the caulking in the paint will bond incredibly well (as the caulking is also tin based). However, if you are painting platinum silicone the caulking may not bond so easily. To counter this problem you have two options. The first is to apply a mix of orange solvent with very strong bonding caulking (Wacker A07) all over the silicone you are painting. When dry this mix bonds very well to platinum rubber, giving you a good bonding canvas for the rest of your painting. Your second option is to use a translucent primer (PS Primer number two). Apply a very thin coat with a cotton pad and allow it to dry. Once dry, go ahead and paint with your caulking solvent paint mix.", "If you have any technical questions please contact us or call 01753 650958 (international clients: +44 1753 650958). We have many years of experience and several members of staff current working within the industry who would be more than happy to help." ] }, "parsed_md": "Painting silicone | PS Composites\n\n### Navigation\n\nPS Composites\n\n# Painting silicone\n\nBy Kristyan Mallett on January 28, 2013 in Painting\n\nYou may be trying to paint on silicone prosthetics, props, or you may just\nwant to figure out a way to get paint to adhere to the silicone caulk that is\nsealing the edges of your exterior windows. Either way, the process is pretty\nmuch the same. Because paint doesn’t stick very well to silicone, certain\npreparation techniques are required to encourage paint adhesion. If you need\nto paint silicone rubber, you need to learn these techniques before you get\nstarted.\n\nThe first step is to clean the silicone thoroughly of any grease or release\nagent that may still be on the silicone. Do this by wiping the silicone down\nwith a solvent such as isopropanol (IPA), acetone, or delimolene (orange\nsolvent). Once the silicone is clean it is ready to paint.\n\nAs silicone is flexible it is important that the paint has the same flexible\nquality. Without this, the paint will have a tendency to flake off. A good\nmethod of creating a flexible paint is to use an oil-based paint (your chosen\ncolour) alongside silicone caulking. To thin it down, use orange solvent or\nwhite spirit. You can then paint the silicone, and the solvent in the mix will\nevaporate (leaving the coloured silicone before curing). The mix can be\nthinned down until it’s very runny, enabling you to paint with an airbrush if\nyou choose. We would recommend that a respirator (3M Mask) should always be\nused when spraying any solvent based liquids.\n\n## Painting Silicone Prosthetics\n\nWhen painting silicone to look like skin (prosthetics or creature effects), it\nis a good idea to paint with more of a thin mix and to apply the paint in\nlayers. This will give you more depth, therefore making the resulting effects\nappear more realistic.\n\nIf you are painting tin silicone, the caulking in the paint will bond\nincredibly well (as the caulking is also tin based). However, if you are\npainting platinum silicone the caulking may not bond so easily. To counter\nthis problem you have two options. The first is to apply a mix of orange\nsolvent with very strong bonding caulking (Wacker A07) all over the silicone\nyou are painting. When dry this mix bonds very well to platinum rubber, giving\nyou a good bonding canvas for the rest of your painting. Your second option is\nto use a translucent primer (PS Primer number two). Apply a very thin coat\nwith a cotton pad and allow it to dry. Once dry, go ahead and paint with your\ncaulking solvent paint mix.\n\nOur most popular skin illustrator palettes include the Necromania Palette, the\nKristyan Mallet Signature Palette and the FX Palette.\n\nIf you have any technical questions please contact us or call 01753 650958\n(international clients: +44 1753 650958). We have many years of experience and\nseveral members of staff current working within the industry who would be more\nthan happy to help.\n\n#### About Kristyan Mallett\n\nView all posts by Kristyan Mallett →\n\n### Connect with us on social media:\n\nConnect with us on social media:\n\n#### Related Posts:\n\n * Hercules 2014\n\nHow to make prosthetics\n\nHercules 2014\n\n##### No comments yet.\n\n### Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply.\n\n### Products\n\n * Silicones\n * Polyurethanes\n * Foams\n * Epoxy Systems\n * Fibreglass & Polyester Products\n * Pigments & Paints\n * SFX Make-Up\n * Artificial Eyes\n * Airbrushing Equipment\n * Kit Bags\n * Clays & Tools\n * Release Agents & Sealers\n * Plaster Ware\n * Industrial Adhesives\n * Ancillaries\n * Fillers\n * Sale Items\n\n### Connect\n\nConnect with us on social media:\n\n### Post categories\n\n * Moulding (1)\n * Painting (2)\n * Uncategorized (2)\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Creative media skills\n * Prop Making\n * Hercules 2014\n * Painting silicone\n * How to make prosthetics\n\n© 2018 PS Composites. All Rights Reserved.\n\nDelivery | Returns | Terms & Conditions\n\n" } ]
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How To Grow Marigolds
To grow marigolds, start by filling a divided seed planter with potting mix and planting one seed in each section. Keep the soil moist until the seedlings are 2 inches tall, then transfer the seedlings to a larger container. Once these plants are 6 inches tall and look sturdy, transplant them outside in a sunny, warm spot. Next, cover the ground around the flowers with mulch to prevent weeds and keep the soil moist. Finally, fertilize the plants with a 20-10-20 fertilizer once every 2 weeks to keep them healthy and thriving.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210928164737/https://www.almanac.com/plant/marigolds", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170204193432/http://www.extension.iastate.edu/article/yard-and-garden-marigolds/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210611134818/http://www.gardening.cornell.edu/homegardening/scene415d.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211007063757/https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170827191308/http://www.aces.edu:80/pubs/docs/A/ANR-1125/index2.tmpl", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506154047/http://www.thegardenhelper.com/marigold.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20151213041558/http://www.burpee.com:80/flowers/marigolds/all-about-marigolds-article10240.html" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.almanac.com/plant/marigolds", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210928164737/https://www.almanac.com/plant/marigolds", "parsed_text": { "title": "Marigolds: How to Plant and Grow Marigold Flowers", "passages": [ "Don’t forget to deadhead your marigolds to keep the blooms coming! These flowers are the spendthrifts among annuals, bringing a wealth of gold, copper, and brass into our summer and autumn gardens. The flower’s popularity probably derives in part from its ability to bloom for so long! See our tips on plant care for marigolds—which also make excellent companion plants to keep pests away.", "Marigold are a cheerful, easy-to-grow annual plant with daisy- or carnation- like flowerheads that are produced singly or in clusters. Although there are some 50 species, most marigolds we see in the garden are one of the following:", "Tagetes erecta (aka African marigolds, American marigolds, or Mexican marigolds): This species is the tallest and most upright marigold, reaching 3 to 4 feet in height and producing large, full flowers. They’re native to Mexico and Central America and will thrive even under drought-like conditions.", "Tagetes patula (aka French marigolds): French marigolds tend to be smaller, bushier, and more compact than T. erecta. They are often wider than they are tall. Elegant and eye-catching, they have relatively demure flowers and usually grow from 6 inches to 2 feet tall. They are better suited to rainier conditions than the other Tagetes species.", "Tagetes tenuifolia (aka signet marigolds): These petite marigolds do well in hot, dry sites and make for a wonderful edging plant. They rarely reach more than a foot in height.", "Calendula officinalis (aka pot marigolds or English marigolds): A native of southern Europe, this “marigold” is actually not a true marigold, but is an attractive companion plant nonetheless. Its bright flowers are edible—with a tangy, peppery taste—so it is often grown alongside herbs in kitchen gardens.", "Young French and signet marigolds can be planted from spring through midsummer, but the tall African marigolds are best planted right away in the spring (after danger of frost has passed) because they are slower to mature and produce flowers. Find local frost dates here.", "Sow seeds directly into the garden once the soil is warm in the spring. You can start seeds indoors, but they germinate so easily outside that there’s really no advantage. The exception is African marigolds, which are best bought as young plants or started indoors about 4 to 6 weeks before your last frost date.", "Marigolds thrive in full sunshine and can often withstand very hot summers. African and signet marigolds are drought tolerant, while French marigolds are more tolerant of wet conditions.", "French marigolds can easily be started from seed, while African marigolds are best purchased as young plants (when started from seed, they can take a long time to flower).", "While still small, thin the seedlings. Space French and signet types 8 to 10 inches apart. The larger African marigolds should be at least 10 to 12 inches apart.", "If planting in containers, use a soil-based potting mix. Either mix in slow-acting granular fertilizer at planting time or plan to water with diluted liquid fertilizer periodically. Take care to space properly; marigolds grown in containers can become crowded.", "Once the marigolds have established themselves, pinch off the tops of the plants to encourage them to grow bushier. This will keep the plants from becoming leggy and will encourage more blooming.", "Marigolds don’t require deadheading, but if dying blossoms are regularly removed, it will encourage the plant to continue blooming profusely.", "When you water marigolds, allow the soil to dry somewhat between waterings, then water well and repeat the process. Water more in high heat.", "Do not water marigolds from overhead. Water at the base of the plant. (Excess water on leaves can lead to powdery mildew.)", "Deadheading is about removing faded flowers by pinching off the flower head. For some plants, including marigolds, pinching off the dead flower heads encourages the plant to produce more blooms rather than wasting their energy on forming seeds, extending the flowering season. Marigolds also look so much better after deadheading.", "Deadheading marigolds is very simple. When a blossom starts to go bad, pinch (cut) its stem back to the nearest set of leaves.", "Whether you’re deadheading your annuals, be sure to fertilize as well. Annuals are very heavy feeders and will respond well.", "Marigolds have few pests or problems overall, but spider mites and aphids sometimes infest the plants. Usually a spray of water or the application of an insecticidal soap, repeated every other day for a week or two, will solve the problem. Occasionally, marigolds will be affected by fungal diseases such as powdery mildew if conditions are too wet. To prevent fungal issues, avoid getting water on the marigolds’ leaves, keep weeds down, and plant in well- drained soil.", "The underground workings of the French marigold in particular are known to repel harmful nematodes (microscopic worms) that attack the roots of garden vegetables—especially root-knot and lesion nematodes. Crops most impacted include tomatoes, cucumbers, strawberries, snap beans, squash, onions, and garlic.", "To take advantage of this effect, try planting a mass of marigolds in the spring in the area where you intend to grow a fall crop. In mid- to late summer, remove the marigolds and plant vegetables and greens for a fall harvest.", "In flower arrangements, strip off any leaves that might be under water in the vase; this will discourage the overly pungent odor.", "You may see “marigolds” listed as edible flowers. In fact, it’s the flowers of Calendula—not Tagetes—that make great additions to a summer dish. Flowers from Tagetes marigolds may be irritating to the skin, so we do not recommend ingesting them.", "Marigolds come in a range of colors—from creamy white to golden orange—and sizes. French marigold varieties tend to be smaller than American/African varieties.", "‘Little Hero’ Series: 7” tall plants with large, double carnation flowers in 7 color combinations of maroon, orange, and yellow.", "‘Hero’ Series: 10” tall plants with double carnation, large (2” wide) flowers in 7 different combinations of yellow, orange, and maroon.", "‘Bonanza’ Series: 2” wide, double carnation flowers in 5 different combinations of yellow, orange, and maroon on bushy, compact 8” tall plants.", "‘Janie’ Series: Early blooming. 8” tall plants are perfect for container growing. Double carnation type flowers in 6 different combinations of yellow, orange, and maroon.", "In the late 1960s, Burpee president David Burpee launched an energetic campaign to have marigolds named the national flower, but in the end, roses won out.", "For years, farmers have included the open-pollinated African marigold ‘Crackerjack’ in chicken feed to make egg yolks a darker yellow.", "The flowers of Tagetes marigolds are not edible, but those of Calendula are. The bright petals of Calendula add color and a spicy tang to salads and other summer dishes.", "Here in New Zealand, I sow marigolds (French) in the autumn and have had no trouble with them surviving through the winter to give a great show right through the season and beyond (into winter). I took the cue by observing what happened when my marigolds were left to self seed, and noticed that the seedlings germinated naturally in the autumn. The transplanted seedlings (from in between the flagstones) have always done well over winter without any special care apart from a little liquid fertiliser when transplanted...", "I have been growing these for years. They have a lot of different colors and look so pretty in the garden. Mine grow like weeds. I let them die in the fall and then harvest the seeds. I try to harvest by color. I put them on a paper plate indoors to dry completely. Before harvesting the seeds, I write the color on the plate. When dry, I put them in a ziplock bag and plant when the weather starts warming. I over seed so I have masses of flowers. The marigolds planted by seed are very hardy. I planted from a nursery once before and they were eaten so fast and died that I never did that again. I've never had problems with them around vegetables. I've planted by broccoli, kale tomatoes, etc. If some get eaten, it's not noticeable because I plant so many. I just scatter the seed on ground that I've scratched with a hand rake and just cover with a little soil and sprinkle with water. They sprout within a few weeks and grow pretty fast. I've grown in sun and part sun and both do fine. I have lots of trees so there's not really very many full sun places. They look pretty with vegetable plants. So don't give up.", "I've pretty much given up on marigolds. The earwigs strip the plants so all I have left are stems. I always used to plant them with my tomatoes. I miss them.", "Marigolds are meant to be a ‘trap plant’ so they’re actually doing their job. Without the marigolds, the earwigs move onto other plants at night. You can go out with a bucket of hot soapy water and knock the gathered masses into it to help reduce the overall population.", "I always take an opportunity to spread the word about calendula, which seem to be under-represented in gardens, at least near me! I didn't know much about them myself until a few years ago. At a gas station in late October, I saw flowers still blooming along a divider strip. I yanked a few out of the ground, took them to my yard, shoved them in the soil, watered daily. They perked up, grew until the first freeze, set seed, all in about 3 weeks, at the very end of the season. When spring arrived, I had new plants coming in like crazy mid-April. They started to bloom early June and they go until frost. They are, in fact, the very last bloom in my garden every year now. I had to thin them out as they spread so easily but they come right out and are easy to control. They are also easy to move fully established plants - pull up, get the roots, water for a week every day and they will take. Of course, you can also just sprinkle seeds anytime during the season and they'll sprout almost immediately. No burying needed, just toss them where you want them. I know have multiple patches from those three late season impulse yanks! I think it's five years now. You may want to put in a few 18\" garden fences in your calendula area - they get 24\" tall and high winds in thunderstorms can knock them down. Dollar stores have these little fences. Just get them in as the new growth is coming up and they'll stay upright. They don't smell like marigolds, they look like daisies and they never stop blooming. It takes a few minutes a week to remove seeds if you want. They look nicer cleaned up and you can use the seeds anywhere but you'll have so many you can give them to friends or just toss them. A real gem of a flower. Oh, and while they don't last long in a vase, you do get about 3 days if you want to bring some inside. Pick a newly opened flower and it will open and close indoors for a few days, sleeping at night and waking up in the day. Very cool.", "Hi! In the How To Grow section you mention \"pinch off the tops of the plants to encourage them to grow bushier.\" Can you provide more detail of what to pinch off, and how much to do so? It feels counterintuitive to remove new growth of a plant.", "I started a bunch of marigolds indoors this spring. They've been decimated and skeltonized. Haven't seen the culprit but I'm having problems w/ oriental beetles and slugs here in CT! What can I do?", "Are there any marigold's that don't have that distinctive smell? Neither my mother nor my mother-in-law liked marigolds for that reason.", "The scent of marigold leaves often deters garden pests, which is why these flowers are often recommended as veg garden companions. We’ve looked around and can not confirm the existence of any scentless varieties, but there are some with different scents:", "• Tangerine Scented Marigold (Tagetes lemonii): The leaves of this southwest native are strongly scented of lemon and mint. Grows 3 feet tall.", "• Spanish Tarragon (Tagetes lucida): This anise-flavored marigold blooms in fall with many small, simple flowers. Grows 3 feet tall.", "• Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis; notice this is a different genus): Pot marigold is not a true marigold. This cool-season annual is grown for its bright yellow and orange flowers, some of which are edible.", "BTW, because the scent is primarily if not entirely in the foliage, you can remove the leaves and breathe easy. We hope this helps!", "I have moved from am apartment where i grew marigolds in clay pots and had a lot of blooms. I moved to a home with a deck and the marigolds seeds I planted gave stems and leaves but no blooms. I cannot understand what is happening, what I am doing wrong. I never had such a problem before.", "You might check and see that they are getting adequate sunlight. The other thing is to try watering with a high phosphorus fertilizer (middle number higher than the others.) Scotts makes a fertilizer with the middle number in the 50's and Vigoro also makes a \"blooming\" fertilizer that might help with the bloom situation. Good luck.", "I was putting my flowers, they havent bloomed yet and it's been since the beginning of April since they've grown from a seedling, in another pot that had better drainage than the one I had put it in thinking they could grow better but then I noticed the leaves turning yellow.. I did some research and thought to check the roots if something was wrong, I found only 1 black root so I'm not sure if they are susceptible/affected by black root rot? And if so, how can I prevent that from happening again?", "I have Crackerjack mix marigolds in 6 pack containers that are 18\" tall. Should l plant them deeper than the soil line since there are no leaves for at least 6 to 8 inches?", "I planted some white marigolds ( I think they were called 'snow ball'). Anyway I planted them in my garden as companion plants for several things, and they attracted Japanese beetles. The cool thing was that the beetles were only interested in them. They left everything else in the garden alone. And when I knocked the beetles off the flowers they acted like they were drugged.", "If temperatures are cool enough, legumes are always a safe bet. They are famous for their ability to fix nitrogen back into the soil.", "here i want to say, i want to do commercial cultivation of marigold in Nepal terai during rainny hot days targeting tihar festival. But the problem arise here is that the flower should bloom before a week of terai.so,could u say about the timing of proper bloom,other management things to make it bloom in time. Thank you!!", "I know that there are certain plants that do not compliment each other when planting in the same bed. Which plants/vegetables can I not plant with marigold and which ones thrive with marigolds? I am in Zone 9. Thank you in advance for your time.", "My mom had some very old seeds maybe eight or nine years old in her freezer. I planted the seed in late April or early May of this year. The plants are about two feet tall and growing good, but the problem is Not a one has bloomed, Why?", "If you haven’t gotten any blooms at all, it could be due to high temperatures. Did your area suffer from a heat wave this summer? That might have stunted the growth of buds. Typically, though, when temperatures cool back down to the normal range, the plants start to bloom.", "Too much fertilizer or soil that is too rich in nitrogen. Nitrogen promotes foliage growth over flowers, so if your soil is rich in nitrogen, your plants will look very happy but will not bloom well.", "I replanted two flats of marigolds into pots on my NYC terrace that gets half day of hot sun. They came with nice fat blooms, but the second blooms are tiny. Lots of healthy foliage. I used soil that came already fertilized, so I am not adding any.", "Implanted two different species and either the bunny or squirrel pulled them out. I reported and grew them large and healthy. Will the be safe now from deer and those pesky rodents.", "I planted marigolds as a border to my flower garden, The next morning most of my plants had been eaten. There are no deer but plenty of rabbits. I suspect the rabbits, but have not actually seen them in my garden. What can I do next year (forget this year) to avoid the same situation? Killing rabbits is not the answer, I thought of sprinkling a little hot pepper.", "I have marigolds growing in clay pots, they have a lot of foliage but no blooms. That happened last year too. they get full sun most of the day, i water them once a day at the base of stems. what should I do to get blooms? Thank you for your answer.", "It sounds like your marigolds are getting enough sun and water. It might be that they are getting too much nitrogen, which can encourage lots of foliage but discourage flowering." ] }, "parsed_md": "Marigolds: How to Plant and Grow Marigold Flowers | The Old Farmer's Almanac\n\nSkip to main content\n\nFree Beginner's Garden Guide\n\nGET A COPY!\n\n# Growing Marigolds\n\nSPONSORED\n\n##\n\nHow to Plant, Grow, and Care for Marigolds\n\nBy The Editors\n\nPixabay\n\n## Share:\n\nDon’t forget to deadhead your marigolds to keep the blooms coming! These\nflowers are the spendthrifts among annuals, bringing a wealth of gold, copper,\nand brass into our summer and autumn gardens. The flower’s popularity probably\nderives in part from its ability to bloom for so long! See our tips on plant\ncare for marigolds—which also make excellent companion plants to keep pests\naway.\n\nMarigold are a cheerful, easy-to-grow annual plant with daisy- or carnation-\nlike flowerheads that are produced singly or in clusters. Although there are\nsome 50 species, most marigolds we see in the garden are one of the following:\n\n * Tagetes erecta (aka African marigolds, American marigolds, or Mexican marigolds): This species is the tallest and most upright marigold, reaching 3 to 4 feet in height and producing large, full flowers. They’re native to Mexico and Central America and will thrive even under drought-like conditions.\n * Tagetes patula (aka French marigolds): French marigolds tend to be smaller, bushier, and more compact than T. erecta. They are often wider than they are tall. Elegant and eye-catching, they have relatively demure flowers and usually grow from 6 inches to 2 feet tall. They are better suited to rainier conditions than the other Tagetes species.\n * Tagetes tenuifolia (aka signet marigolds): These petite marigolds do well in hot, dry sites and make for a wonderful edging plant. They rarely reach more than a foot in height.\n * Calendula officinalis (aka pot marigolds or English marigolds): A native of southern Europe, this “marigold” is actually not a true marigold, but is an attractive companion plant nonetheless. Its bright flowers are edible—with a tangy, peppery taste—so it is often grown alongside herbs in kitchen gardens.\n\nCheck out our video to learn more about the benefits and uses of Calendula:\n\nMarigolds have been stereotyped, but they offer tremendous variety. Both the\nAmerican and French marigolds are generally aromatic, too.\n\n### Planting\n\n### When to Plant Marigolds\n\n * Young French and signet marigolds can be planted from spring through midsummer, but the tall African marigolds are best planted right away in the spring (after danger of frost has passed) because they are slower to mature and produce flowers. Find local frost dates here.\n * Sow seeds directly into the garden once the soil is warm in the spring. You can start seeds indoors, but they germinate so easily outside that there’s really no advantage. The exception is African marigolds, which are best bought as young plants or started indoors about 4 to 6 weeks before your last frost date.\n * Marigolds sprout within a week in warm weather and plants typically produce blooms in about 8 weeks.\n\n### Choosing and Preparing a Planting Site\n\n * Marigolds thrive in full sunshine and can often withstand very hot summers. African and signet marigolds are drought tolerant, while French marigolds are more tolerant of wet conditions.\n * If planted in shade and cool, moist areas, marigolds are prone to powdery mildew and won’t bloom well.\n * Though they grow in almost any soil, marigolds do best in moderately fertile, well-drained soil.\n * Prepare the soil by digging down about 6 inches to loosen it. Remove stones.\n\n### How to Plant Marigolds\n\n * French marigolds can easily be started from seed, while African marigolds are best purchased as young plants (when started from seed, they can take a long time to flower).\n * Optional: If soil is nutrient-starved, add some slow-release (granular) fertilizer in the planting hole. A 5-10-5 works fine.\n * Moisten the soil, then sow seeds 1 inch apart and no more than 1 inch deep.\n * While still small, thin the seedlings. Space French and signet types 8 to 10 inches apart. The larger African marigolds should be at least 10 to 12 inches apart.\n * If planting transplants, thoroughly water each plant after planting in the garden.\n * If planting in containers, use a soil-based potting mix. Either mix in slow-acting granular fertilizer at planting time or plan to water with diluted liquid fertilizer periodically. Take care to space properly; marigolds grown in containers can become crowded.\n\n### Care\n\n### How to Grow Marigolds\n\n * Once the marigolds have established themselves, pinch off the tops of the plants to encourage them to grow bushier. This will keep the plants from becoming leggy and will encourage more blooming.\n * Marigolds don’t require deadheading, but if dying blossoms are regularly removed, it will encourage the plant to continue blooming profusely.\n * When you water marigolds, allow the soil to dry somewhat between waterings, then water well and repeat the process. Water more in high heat.\n * Do not water marigolds from overhead. Water at the base of the plant. (Excess water on leaves can lead to powdery mildew.)\n * Do not fertilize marigolds during growth. A diet that’s too nitrogen-rich stimulates lush foliage at the expense of flowers.\n * The dense, double flowerheads of the African marigolds tend to rot in wet weather.\n * Add a layer of mulch between plants to suppress weeds and keep soil moist, especially when plants are young.\n\n### How to Deadhead Marigolds\n\nDeadheading is about removing faded flowers by pinching off the flower head.\nFor some plants, including marigolds, pinching off the dead flower heads\nencourages the plant to produce more blooms rather than wasting their energy\non forming seeds, extending the flowering season. Marigolds also look so much\nbetter after deadheading.\n\nDeadheading marigolds is very simple. When a blossom starts to go bad, pinch\n(cut) its stem back to the nearest set of leaves.\n\nWhether you’re deadheading your annuals, be sure to fertilize as well. Annuals\nare very heavy feeders and will respond well.\n\n### Pests/Diseases\n\nMarigolds have few pests or problems overall, but spider mites and aphids\nsometimes infest the plants. Usually a spray of water or the application of an\ninsecticidal soap, repeated every other day for a week or two, will solve the\nproblem. Occasionally, marigolds will be affected by fungal diseases such as\npowdery mildew if conditions are too wet. To prevent fungal issues, avoid\ngetting water on the marigolds’ leaves, keep weeds down, and plant in well-\ndrained soil.\n\n### Marigolds as Companion Plants\n\nFarmers and gardeners have long known that marigolds make important companion\nplants all over the garden.\n\n * The underground workings of the French marigold in particular are known to repel harmful nematodes (microscopic worms) that attack the roots of garden vegetables—especially root-knot and lesion nematodes. Crops most impacted include tomatoes, cucumbers, strawberries, snap beans, squash, onions, and garlic.\n * To take advantage of this effect, try planting a mass of marigolds in the spring in the area where you intend to grow a fall crop. In mid- to late summer, remove the marigolds and plant vegetables and greens for a fall harvest.\n\n### Harvest/Storage\n\n * In flower arrangements, strip off any leaves that might be under water in the vase; this will discourage the overly pungent odor.\n * Marigolds can be dried for long-lasting floral arrangements. Strip foliage from perfect blossoms and hang them upside down.\n * You may see “marigolds” listed as edible flowers. In fact, it’s the flowers of Calendula—not Tagetes—that make great additions to a summer dish. Flowers from Tagetes marigolds may be irritating to the skin, so we do not recommend ingesting them.\n\n### Recommended Varieties\n\nMarigolds come in a range of colors—from creamy white to golden orange—and\nsizes. French marigold varieties tend to be smaller than American/African\nvarieties.\n\n### French Marigolds (T. patula)\n\n * ‘Little Hero’ Series: 7” tall plants with large, double carnation flowers in 7 color combinations of maroon, orange, and yellow.\n * ‘Hero’ Series: 10” tall plants with double carnation, large (2” wide) flowers in 7 different combinations of yellow, orange, and maroon.\n * ‘Bonanza’ Series: 2” wide, double carnation flowers in 5 different combinations of yellow, orange, and maroon on bushy, compact 8” tall plants.\n * ‘Aurora’ Series: 1’ tall plants with wide-petaled, anemone-like flowers in shades of maroon, yellow, and orange.\n * ‘Janie’ Series: Early blooming. 8” tall plants are perfect for container growing. Double carnation type flowers in 6 different combinations of yellow, orange, and maroon.\n * ‘Boy O’ Boy’ Series: 6” tall prolifically flowering plants with flowers in shades of maroon, yellow, and orange\n\nFrench Marigolds\n\n### American/African Marigolds (T. erecta)\n\n * ‘Jubilee’ Series: 2’ tall plants with dense, double flowers in shades of yellow and orange.\n * ‘Gold Coin’ Series: 11⁄2 to 2’ tall plants with large (5” wide) double blooms in gold, yellow, and orange.\n * ‘Safari’ Series: 1’ tall plants with flat-topped, large flowers in shades of maroon, yellow, and orange.\n * ‘French Vanilla’: 3” wide flowers are pure creamy white. Minimal scent. Plants are 11⁄2 to 2’ tall.\n\n### Wit & Wisdom\n\n * In the late 1960s, Burpee president David Burpee launched an energetic campaign to have marigolds named the national flower, but in the end, roses won out.\n * For years, farmers have included the open-pollinated African marigold ‘Crackerjack’ in chicken feed to make egg yolks a darker yellow.\n * Marigolds are one of the October birth flowers.\n\n### Cooking Notes\n\nThe flowers of Tagetes marigolds are not edible, but those of Calendula are.\nThe bright petals of Calendula add color and a spicy tang to salads and other\nsummer dishes.\n\n * The flower petals are sometimes cooked with rice to impart the color (but, unfortunately, not the flavor) of saffron.\n\n## Vegetable Gardener's Handbook\n\n## What do you want to read next?\n\n### The Best Fall Flowers for Your...\n\n### Irises\n\n### Growing Calendula: How to Grow Pot...\n\n### Growing Allium: The Ornamental...\n\n### Planting Fall Bulbs for Spring...\n\n### When to Plant Flowers\n\n### 10 Best Shade Plants for the Garden\n\n### Easy Perennial Flowers for...\n\n### Companion Planting Guide for...\n\n### How to Start a Flower Garden\n\n### Pest-Resistant Plants and Flowers\n\n### Crazy for Daisies: Types of...\n\n## Reader Comments\n\n## Leave a Comment\n\n### Marigolds\n\nSubmitted by Alphonso on April 22, 2021 - 4:41pm\n\nHere in New Zealand, I sow marigolds (French) in the autumn and have had no\ntrouble with them surviving through the winter to give a great show right\nthrough the season and beyond (into winter). I took the cue by observing what\nhappened when my marigolds were left to self seed, and noticed that the\nseedlings germinated naturally in the autumn. The transplanted seedlings (from\nin between the flagstones) have always done well over winter without any\nspecial care apart from a little liquid fertiliser when transplanted...\n\n### Growing french marigolds\n\nSubmitted by Debbie Fleischer on March 16, 2021 - 3:25am\n\nI have been growing these for years. They have a lot of different colors and\nlook so pretty in the garden. Mine grow like weeds. I let them die in the fall\nand then harvest the seeds. I try to harvest by color. I put them on a paper\nplate indoors to dry completely. Before harvesting the seeds, I write the\ncolor on the plate. When dry, I put them in a ziplock bag and plant when the\nweather starts warming. I over seed so I have masses of flowers. The marigolds\nplanted by seed are very hardy. I planted from a nursery once before and they\nwere eaten so fast and died that I never did that again. I've never had\nproblems with them around vegetables. I've planted by broccoli, kale tomatoes,\netc. If some get eaten, it's not noticeable because I plant so many. I just\nscatter the seed on ground that I've scratched with a hand rake and just cover\nwith a little soil and sprinkle with water. They sprout within a few weeks and\ngrow pretty fast. I've grown in sun and part sun and both do fine. I have lots\nof trees so there's not really very many full sun places. They look pretty\nwith vegetable plants. So don't give up.\n\n### earwigs\n\nSubmitted by Kris on March 9, 2021 - 5:15am\n\nI've pretty much given up on marigolds. The earwigs strip the plants so all I\nhave left are stems. I always used to plant them with my tomatoes. I miss\nthem.\n\n### marigolds and earwigs\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on March 11, 2021 - 1:43pm\n\nMarigolds are meant to be a ‘trap plant’ so they’re actually doing their job.\nWithout the marigolds, the earwigs move onto other plants at night. You can go\nout with a bucket of hot soapy water and knock the gathered masses into it to\nhelp reduce the overall population.\n\n### Calendula\n\nSubmitted by Mike on March 8, 2021 - 1:26pm\n\nI always take an opportunity to spread the word about calendula, which seem to\nbe under-represented in gardens, at least near me! I didn't know much about\nthem myself until a few years ago. At a gas station in late October, I saw\nflowers still blooming along a divider strip. I yanked a few out of the\nground, took them to my yard, shoved them in the soil, watered daily. They\nperked up, grew until the first freeze, set seed, all in about 3 weeks, at the\nvery end of the season. When spring arrived, I had new plants coming in like\ncrazy mid-April. They started to bloom early June and they go until frost.\nThey are, in fact, the very last bloom in my garden every year now. I had to\nthin them out as they spread so easily but they come right out and are easy to\ncontrol. They are also easy to move fully established plants - pull up, get\nthe roots, water for a week every day and they will take. Of course, you can\nalso just sprinkle seeds anytime during the season and they'll sprout almost\nimmediately. No burying needed, just toss them where you want them. I know\nhave multiple patches from those three late season impulse yanks! I think it's\nfive years now. You may want to put in a few 18\" garden fences in your\ncalendula area - they get 24\" tall and high winds in thunderstorms can knock\nthem down. Dollar stores have these little fences. Just get them in as the new\ngrowth is coming up and they'll stay upright. They don't smell like marigolds,\nthey look like daisies and they never stop blooming. It takes a few minutes a\nweek to remove seeds if you want. They look nicer cleaned up and you can use\nthe seeds anywhere but you'll have so many you can give them to friends or\njust toss them. A real gem of a flower. Oh, and while they don't last long in\na vase, you do get about 3 days if you want to bring some inside. Pick a newly\nopened flower and it will open and close indoors for a few days, sleeping at\nnight and waking up in the day. Very cool.\n\n### pinch off the tops?\n\nSubmitted by Lucy Spencer on February 28, 2021 - 6:03pm\n\nHi! In the How To Grow section you mention \"pinch off the tops of the plants\nto encourage them to grow bushier.\" Can you provide more detail of what to\npinch off, and how much to do so? It feels counterintuitive to remove new\ngrowth of a plant.\n\nThanks! Lucy\n\n### marigold pests\n\nSubmitted by venessa marquis on July 29, 2020 - 12:54pm\n\nI started a bunch of marigolds indoors this spring. They've been decimated and\nskeltonized. Haven't seen the culprit but I'm having problems w/ oriental\nbeetles and slugs here in CT! What can I do?\n\n### slugs and beetle deterents\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on July 31, 2020 - 9:48am\n\nHere are ways to deter slugs: https://www.almanac.com/news/gardening/garden-\njournal/garden-slugs\n\nTry these ideas on the beetles: https://www.almanac.com/pest/japanese-beetles\n\n### Marigold Smell\n\nSubmitted by Liz on June 27, 2020 - 11:43am\n\nAre there any marigold's that don't have that distinctive smell? Neither my\nmother nor my mother-in-law liked marigolds for that reason.\n\n### marigold scent\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on July 31, 2020 - 9:44am\n\nThe scent of marigold leaves often deters garden pests, which is why these\nflowers are often recommended as veg garden companions. We’ve looked around\nand can not confirm the existence of any scentless varieties, but there are\nsome with different scents:\n\n• Tangerine Scented Marigold (Tagetes lemonii): The leaves of this southwest\nnative are strongly scented of lemon and mint. Grows 3 feet tall.\n\n• Spanish Tarragon (Tagetes lucida): This anise-flavored marigold blooms in\nfall with many small, simple flowers. Grows 3 feet tall.\n\n• Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis; notice this is a different genus): Pot\nmarigold is not a true marigold. This cool-season annual is grown for its\nbright yellow and orange flowers, some of which are edible.\n\nBTW, because the scent is primarily if not entirely in the foliage, you can\nremove the leaves and breathe easy. We hope this helps!\n\n### Marigolds' blooms\n\nSubmitted by claude S Wilson on August 22, 2019 - 3:36pm\n\nI have moved from am apartment where i grew marigolds in clay pots and had a\nlot of blooms. I moved to a home with a deck and the marigolds seeds I planted\ngave stems and leaves but no blooms. I cannot understand what is happening,\nwhat I am doing wrong. I never had such a problem before.\n\n### Marigold Blooms\n\nSubmitted by Paul Caton on September 13, 2019 - 9:21pm\n\nYou might check and see that they are getting adequate sunlight. The other\nthing is to try watering with a high phosphorus fertilizer (middle number\nhigher than the others.) Scotts makes a fertilizer with the middle number in\nthe 50's and Vigoro also makes a \"blooming\" fertilizer that might help with\nthe bloom situation. Good luck.\n\n### marigolds\n\nSubmitted by Fergy on July 16, 2019 - 12:30pm\n\ncan I use the buds I pinch off to grow more marigolds\n\n### Marigold Cuttings\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on July 16, 2019 - 4:39pm\n\nNo, but stem cuttings may root if started in water!\n\n### Are French Marigold flowers affected by black root rot?\n\nSubmitted by Kellianne Kernell on June 18, 2019 - 2:37am\n\nI was putting my flowers, they havent bloomed yet and it's been since the\nbeginning of April since they've grown from a seedling, in another pot that\nhad better drainage than the one I had put it in thinking they could grow\nbetter but then I noticed the leaves turning yellow.. I did some research and\nthought to check the roots if something was wrong, I found only 1 black root\nso I'm not sure if they are susceptible/affected by black root rot? And if so,\nhow can I prevent that from happening again?\n\n### Planting Tall Marigolds\n\nSubmitted by Nola Synness on June 1, 2019 - 9:24pm\n\nI have Crackerjack mix marigolds in 6 pack containers that are 18\" tall.\nShould l plant them deeper than the soil line since there are no leaves for at\nleast 6 to 8 inches?\n\n### Marigolds and Japanese beetles.\n\nSubmitted by Amanda Sheraden on May 24, 2019 - 12:58pm\n\nI planted some white marigolds ( I think they were called 'snow ball'). Anyway\nI planted them in my garden as companion plants for several things, and they\nattracted Japanese beetles. The cool thing was that the beetles were only\ninterested in them. They left everything else in the garden alone. And when I\nknocked the beetles off the flowers they acted like they were drugged.\n\n### What to plant after marigolds to replenish soil?\n\nSubmitted by Rob on April 17, 2019 - 5:37pm\n\nWhat can you plant after marigolds to replenish the soil?\n\n### Legumes\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on April 23, 2019 - 11:45am\n\nIf temperatures are cool enough, legumes are always a safe bet. They are\nfamous for their ability to fix nitrogen back into the soil.\n\n### marigold commercial cultivation\n\nSubmitted by ananta dhakal on February 3, 2019 - 3:27am\n\nhere i want to say, i want to do commercial cultivation of marigold in Nepal\nterai during rainny hot days targeting tihar festival. But the problem arise\nhere is that the flower should bloom before a week of terai.so,could u say\nabout the timing of proper bloom,other management things to make it bloom in\ntime. Thank you!!\n\n### Marigold Planting Companions\n\nSubmitted by MsGeri on January 9, 2019 - 7:33pm\n\nI know that there are certain plants that do not compliment each other when\nplanting in the same bed. Which plants/vegetables can I not plant with\nmarigold and which ones thrive with marigolds? I am in Zone 9. Thank you in\nadvance for your time.\n\n### Companion Planting with Marigolds\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on January 10, 2019 - 5:21pm\n\nLuckily, marigolds are easy to get along with, so you can plant marigolds\nalongside any veggie in the garden!\n\n### mariglods\n\nSubmitted by James W Blackw... on July 31, 2018 - 12:26pm\n\nMy mom had some very old seeds maybe eight or nine years old in her freezer. I\nplanted the seed in late April or early May of this year. The plants are about\ntwo feet tall and growing good, but the problem is Not a one has bloomed, Why?\n\n### Marigolds not Blooming\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on August 2, 2018 - 4:55pm\n\nIf you haven’t gotten any blooms at all, it could be due to high temperatures.\nDid your area suffer from a heat wave this summer? That might have stunted the\ngrowth of buds. Typically, though, when temperatures cool back down to the\nnormal range, the plants start to bloom.\n\nOther possible issues:\n\n * Not enough sunlight. Marigolds need at least 6 hours of full sun per day to bloom well.\n * Too much fertilizer or soil that is too rich in nitrogen. Nitrogen promotes foliage growth over flowers, so if your soil is rich in nitrogen, your plants will look very happy but will not bloom well.\n\n### marigolds\n\nSubmitted by Georgia Wever on July 16, 2018 - 12:14pm\n\nI replanted two flats of marigolds into pots on my NYC terrace that gets half\nday of hot sun. They came with nice fat blooms, but the second blooms are\ntiny. Lots of healthy foliage. I used soil that came already fertilized, so I\nam not adding any.\n\n### Marigolds\n\nSubmitted by Connie on July 12, 2018 - 4:52pm\n\nImplanted two different species and either the bunny or squirrel pulled them\nout. I reported and grew them large and healthy. Will the be safe now from\ndeer and those pesky rodents.\n\n### What to use to avoid pests from eating my marigolds\n\nSubmitted by Laura on July 19, 2018 - 10:38am\n\nI planted marigolds as a border to my flower garden, The next morning most of\nmy plants had been eaten. There are no deer but plenty of rabbits. I suspect\nthe rabbits, but have not actually seen them in my garden. What can I do next\nyear (forget this year) to avoid the same situation? Killing rabbits is not\nthe answer, I thought of sprinkling a little hot pepper.\n\n### Rabbits\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on July 19, 2018 - 3:18pm\n\nCheck out our Rabbits Pest Page for tips on deterring rabbits!\n\n### Marigolds.\n\nSubmitted by simone wilson on July 9, 2018 - 8:05pm\n\nI have marigolds growing in clay pots, they have a lot of foliage but no\nblooms. That happened last year too. they get full sun most of the day, i\nwater them once a day at the base of stems. what should I do to get blooms?\nThank you for your answer.\n\n### marigolds won't bloom\n\nSubmitted by The Editors on July 13, 2018 - 1:44pm\n\nIt sounds like your marigolds are getting enough sun and water. It might be\nthat they are getting too much nitrogen, which can encourage lots of foliage\nbut discourage flowering.\n\n## Pages\n\n * 1\n * 2\n * 3\n * 4\n * 5\n * 6\n * 7\n * 8\n * 9\n * ...\n * next ›\n * last »\n\n## Growing Marigolds\n\nBotanical Name| Tagetes spp. \n---|--- \nPlant Type| Flower \nSun Exposure| Full Sun, Part Sun \nSoil Type| Loamy, Sandy \nSoil pH| Neutral \nBloom Time| Spring, Summer, Fall \nFlower Color| Multicolor, Orange, Red, White, Yellow \nHardiness Zones| 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 \nSpecial Features| Attracts Butterflies \n \n## FREE BEGINNER'S GARDEN GUIDE!\n\nBONUS: You’ll also receive our free Beginner Gardening Guide!\n\n## The Almanac Webcam\n\n## Visit the Almanac HQ Webcam\n\n## Chosen for You from The Old Farmer's Store\n\nBONUS: You’ll also receive our Almanac Companion newsletter!\n\n©2021 Yankee Publishing Inc An Employee-Owned Company Old Farmer’s Almanac\n1121 Main Street | P.O. Box 520 Dublin, NH 03444\n\nCustom programming and server maintenance by Reinvented Inc.\n\n## Connect With Us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.extension.iastate.edu/article/yard-and-garden-marigolds/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170204193432/http://www.extension.iastate.edu/article/yard-and-garden-marigolds/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Yard and Garden: Marigolds", "passages": [ "A native of Mexico, marigolds have been grown in gardens throughout the world for hundreds of years. Today, they are one of the most popular bedding plants in the United States. Marigolds are easy to grow, bloom reliably all summer, and have few insect and disease problems. The marigold's only shortcoming (for some people) is its pungent aroma. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach horticulture specialists answer questions about starting and growing marigolds. To have additional questions answered, contact the Hortline at 515-294-3108 or hortline@iastate.edu.", "Two planting options are available when planting marigolds. Most gardeners set out plants in spring. However, gardeners can also sow marigold seeds directly outdoors.", "Plant marigold seedlings outdoors after the danger of frost is past. It’s usually safe to begin planting marigolds in late April in southern Iowa and mid-May in northern portions of the state. Plants purchased at greenhouses or started indoors should be hardened or acclimated to outdoor conditions for several days prior to planting. Initially place plants in a shady, protected location and then gradually expose them to longer periods of sunlight.", "Sow marigold seeds indoors six to eight weeks before the intended outdoor planting date. Lightly cover seeds with one-fourth inch of Jiffy Mix or other soilless medium. If given favorable temperatures and moisture conditions, the marigold seeds should begin to germinate in five to seven days.", "Planting site requirements for marigolds are full sun and a well-drained soil. The planting site should receive at least six hours of direct sun per day. Poorly drained soils can often be improved by incorporating organic matter (compost, peat or well-rotted manure) into the soil.", "While marigolds are seldom bothered by insects and diseases, they are not problem free. Spider mites can devastate marigolds in hot, dry weather. Grasshoppers can also cause considerable damage. Aster yellows is an occasional disease problem. Aster yellows is caused by microorganisms called phytoplasmas. The disease is transmitted from plant to plant by sap-sucking insects, such as leafhoppers. Marigolds infected with aster yellows are stunted, yellow-green in color and their flower buds fail to open. Infected plants should be dug up and destroyed.", "Marigolds do not repel rabbits, deer or other animals. In fact, rabbits occasionally browse heavily on marigolds. Erecting a chicken wire or hardware cloth fence around the vegetable garden is the best way to keep rabbits out of the garden." ] }, "parsed_md": "Yard and Garden: Marigolds | Iowa State University Extension and Outreach\n\n## Global Navigation\n\n * ISU\n * News\n * Store\n * Contact Us\n * Offices\n\nIowa State University\n\n * Hello Visitor!\n * Log In or Register\n\nHome\n\n# Yard and Garden: Marigolds\n\nArticle | Thu, 03/01/2012 - 13:57 | By Richard Jauron, Willy Klein\n\nA native of Mexico, marigolds have been grown in gardens throughout the world\nfor hundreds of years. Today, they are one of the most popular bedding plants\nin the United States. Marigolds are easy to grow, bloom reliably all summer,\nand have few insect and disease problems. The marigold's only shortcoming (for\nsome people) is its pungent aroma. Iowa State University Extension and\nOutreach horticulture specialists answer questions about starting and growing\nmarigolds. To have additional questions answered, contact the Hortline at\n515-294-3108 or hortline@iastate.edu.\n\n#### When can I plant marigolds outdoors?\n\nTwo planting options are available when planting marigolds. Most gardeners set\nout plants in spring. However, gardeners can also sow marigold seeds directly\noutdoors.\n\nPlant marigold seedlings outdoors after the danger of frost is past. It’s\nusually safe to begin planting marigolds in late April in southern Iowa and\nmid-May in northern portions of the state. Plants purchased at greenhouses or\nstarted indoors should be hardened or acclimated to outdoor conditions for\nseveral days prior to planting. Initially place plants in a shady, protected\nlocation and then gradually expose them to longer periods of sunlight.\n\nSow marigold seeds outdoors when the danger of frost is past. Plant seeds one-\nquarter inch deep.\n\n#### When should I sow marigold seeds indoors?\n\nSow marigold seeds indoors six to eight weeks before the intended outdoor\nplanting date. Lightly cover seeds with one-fourth inch of Jiffy Mix or other\nsoilless medium. If given favorable temperatures and moisture conditions, the\nmarigold seeds should begin to germinate in five to seven days.\n\n#### What would be a good planting site for marigolds?\n\nPlanting site requirements for marigolds are full sun and a well-drained soil.\nThe planting site should receive at least six hours of direct sun per day.\nPoorly drained soils can often be improved by incorporating organic matter\n(compost, peat or well-rotted manure) into the soil.\n\n#### Are marigolds pest free?\n\nWhile marigolds are seldom bothered by insects and diseases, they are not\nproblem free. Spider mites can devastate marigolds in hot, dry weather.\nGrasshoppers can also cause considerable damage. Aster yellows is an\noccasional disease problem. Aster yellows is caused by microorganisms called\nphytoplasmas. The disease is transmitted from plant to plant by sap-sucking\ninsects, such as leafhoppers. Marigolds infected with aster yellows are\nstunted, yellow-green in color and their flower buds fail to open. Infected\nplants should be dug up and destroyed.\n\n#### Can I keep rabbits out of my vegetable garden by planting marigolds\naround the perimeter?\n\nMarigolds do not repel rabbits, deer or other animals. In fact, rabbits\noccasionally browse heavily on marigolds. Erecting a chicken wire or hardware\ncloth fence around the vegetable garden is the best way to keep rabbits out of\nthe garden.\n\n-30-\n\n### About the Authors\n\nRichard Jauron\n\nExtension Horticulturist\n\n515-294-3108 rjauron@iastate.edu\n\nWilly Klein\n\nOrganizational Advancement\n\n515-294-0662 wklein@iastate.edu\n\nShare |\n\nPublications & Materials\n\nConnect with Extension\n\nLocate a County Office\n\nFollow us on Twitter\n\nFind us on Facebook\n\nFollow us on Instagram\n\nFind us on Linked In\n\nFind us on YouTube\n\nView our Pinterest boards\n\nView our Social Media Directory\n\nBlogs\n\nAsk a Question\n\nHotlines\n\nSubscribe to our news feeds\n\n## Primary Links Block\n\n * Home\n * Learn More About ...\n\n * Economic Development\n * Food and Environment\n * Health and Well Being\n * Kids and Teens\n * Recovering from Disasters\n * Events\n\n * Conference Planning\n * Statewide Calendar\n * Upcoming Conferences\n * Educational Areas\n\n * 4-H Youth Development\n * Agriculture and Natural Resources\n * Community & Economic Development\n * Human Sciences\n * About Us\n\n * About ISU Extension\n * County Services\n * Faculty and Staff Directory\n * County Services Finance\n * Finance\n * Human Resources\n * Jobs\n * Leadership Team\n * Professional Development\n\nIowa State University Extension and Outreach, (800) 262-3804, 2150 Beardshear\nHall, Ames, IA 50011-2031\n\nCopyright © 2017 Iowa State University | Contact Us | Policies | State &\nNational Extension Partners | For Staff | Website Log In\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.gardening.cornell.edu/homegardening/scene415d.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210611134818/http://www.gardening.cornell.edu/homegardening/scene415d.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Flower Growing Guides", "passages": [ "Taller and more upright than French Marigolds, African Marigolds are easy to grow and thrive under hot, dry conditions. These aromatic plants brighten the garden with their cheerful shades of yellow, orange and maroon.", "Propagate by seed - Scatter seeds outdoors where desired after frost danger has passed, or start indoors 4 to 6 weeks before the last frost. (Seeds saved from hybrid varieties will not breed true.) Unlike French Marigolds, plants take a long time to flower from seed, so it is best to start them indoors or buy pre-started plants.", "‘Gold Coin’ Series: 1 ̋ to 2’ tall plants with large (5” wide) double blooms in gold, yellow, and orange." ] }, "parsed_md": "Explore Cornell - Home Gardening - Flower Growing Guides - Growing Guide\n\nSearch Cornell\n\n| | |\n\nHome Gardening\n\n|\n\nFlower Growing Guides \n \n---|--- \n \nGrowing Guide \n \n| | | |\n\nAfrican Marigold \n \n--- \n \nAnnual Flower\n\nAlso known as Chrysanthemum-Flowered Marigold, Carnation Flowered Marigold,\nGigantea Marigold Tagetes erecta Asteraceae Family\n\nTaller and more upright than French Marigolds, African Marigolds are easy to\ngrow and thrive under hot, dry conditions. These aromatic plants brighten the\ngarden with their cheerful shades of yellow, orange and maroon. \n \n|\n\nSite and Plant Characteristics \n \n--- \n \nGrowing Information \n \nVarieties \n \n| |\n\nSite Characteristics \n \n--- \n \nSunlight:\n\n * full sun\n\nSoil conditions:\n\n * tolerates droughty soil\n * requires well-drained soil\n\nSpecial locations:\n\n * outdoor containers\n * xeriscapes\n\n \n \n|\n\nPlant Traits \n \n--- \n \nLifecycle: annual\n\nEase-of-care: easy\n\nHeight: 1.5 to 2 feet\n\nSpread: 1 to 1.5 feet\n\nBloom time:\n\n * early summer\n * mid-summer\n * late summer\n * early fall\n * mid-fall\n\nFlower color:\n\n * orange\n * yellow\n\nFlowers come in a wide array of variations on these basic colors, including\ngold and bronze.\n\nFoliage color:\n\n * medium green\n * dark green\n * other\n\nLeaves are sometimes tinged with bronze.\n\nFoliage texture: fine\n\nLeaves are fernlike.\n\nShape: upright\n\nShape in flower: same as above \n \n|\n\nSpecial Considerations \n \n--- \n \nTolerates:\n\n * frost\n\nSpecial characteristics:\n\n * deer resistant\n * non-aggressive\n * non-invasive\n * not native to North America - Native to Africa.\n * fragrant - Some find the spicy scent pleasing, others find it unpleasant.\n\nAttracts:\n\n * butterflies\n\nSpecial uses:\n\n * cut flowers\n * edible landscaping\n * direct-seeding\n\n \n \n|\n\nGrowing Information \n \n--- \n|\n\nHow to plant:\n\n> Propagate by seed - Scatter seeds outdoors where desired after frost danger\n> has passed, or start indoors 4 to 6 weeks before the last frost. (Seeds\n> saved from hybrid varieties will not breed true.) Unlike French Marigolds,\n> plants take a long time to flower from seed, so it is best to start them\n> indoors or buy pre-started plants.\n>\n> Germination temperature: 70 F to 75 F\n>\n> Days to emergence: 7 to 14\n\nMaintenance and care:\n\n> Deadhead to prolong blooming. Pinch to keep plants compact and bushy if\n> desired.\n>\n> More growing information: How to Grow Annuals\n\nPests:\n\n> Japanese Beetle Red spider mites Slugs Snails Parasitic nematodes\n\nDiseases:\n\n> Rarely troubled by diseases. \n \n--- \n|\n\nVarieties \n \n--- \n|\n\n> ‘Jubilee’ Series: 2’ tall plants with dense, double flowers in shades of\n> yellow and orange.\n>\n> ‘Gold Coin’ Series: 1 ̋ to 2’ tall plants with large (5” wide) double blooms\n> in gold, yellow, and orange.\n>\n> ‘Safari’ Series: 1’ tall plants with flat-topped, large flowers in shades of\n> maroon, yellow, and orange.\n>\n> ‘Galore’ F-1 hybrids: large (4” wide), dense, flowers in shades of yellow\n> and orange on 1 ̋’ tall plants.\n>\n> ‘Inca’ F-1 hybrids: dense, compact 14” tall plants with large, double\n> flowers in shades of yellow, orange and maroon.\n>\n> ‘Sumo’ F-1 hybrids: 1 ̋’ to 2’ tall plans with flowers in shades of red,\n> yellow and orange.\n>\n> ‘French Vanilla’: 3” wide flowers are pure creamy white. Minimal scent.\n> Plants are 1 ̋ to 2’ tall. \n \n--- \n|\n\n©2006 Cornell University. All rights reserved. \n \n---\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211007063757/https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Home", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Home\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.aces.edu:80/pubs/docs/A/ANR-1125/index2.tmpl", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170827191308/http://www.aces.edu:80/pubs/docs/A/ANR-1125/index2.tmpl", "parsed_text": { "title": "ACES Publications : Greenhouse Production of Marigolds : ANR-1125", "passages": [ "Marigolds have long been popular with American gardeners as one of the premiere summer annuals. They perform well in dry, hot, sunny locations and produce dark-green, fine-textured foliage and bright-colored flowers throughout the summer and into the fall. There may be more sizes, flower types, and growth habits of marigolds than of any other bedding plant.", "Marigolds range in size from 6 inches to over 3 feet tall. Dwarf cultivars are appropriate to use in containers, as bedding plants, or as flower bed borders, while taller cultivars can be used as bed fillers, at the rear of the border, or as cut flowers. In the past, marigolds had a strong fragrance that some people found objectionable. Newer cultivars are somewhat less pungent, but they still have the characteristic marigold smell.", "Two different species of marigold are commonly grown: African marigolds (Tagetes erecta) and French marigolds (Tagetes patula). Interestingly, neither African nor French marigolds come from Africa or France--both species are native to New Mexico and Arizona and southward to Argentina. Crosses between African and French marigolds have resulted in triploid cultivars; therefore, the three major horticultural types are the African type, the French type, and the triploid type.", "Breeders have worked extensively to create cultivars in a wide range of colors, plant sizes, and flower forms. Marigold flowers are available in single, semidouble, or double petal arrangements with white, yellow to orange, gold, or red flowers. Red and crimson flower colors are found in the triploid and French types but not in the African type. Flower sizes range from 1 inch in the French type to 5 inches in the African type.", "Cultivars of Tagetes erecta, sometimes referred to as American marigolds, are larger plants than the French type, often with fewer, larger double flowers. In the double-flowered cultivars, there are crested doubles, whose flowers are mounded and full, and anemone doubles whose flowers are flat and wide with a recessed center.", "Cultivars of Tagetes patula are usually smaller than African type plants. Most are 6 to 8 inches, but some cultivars reach 12 inches in height. Though double flower petal arrangements are available, single and semidouble are more common. The single-flowering cultivars stand up to rain and humidity better in the South than double-flowered cultivars do.", "Triploid cultivars are breeding crosses between Tagetes erecta and Tagetes patula. One advantage of these cultivars is that they provide the longest overall display of color in the landscape, often lasting through the hot summer weather into August and September. However, seed germination during production may be considerably slower than for the African and French types. These plants are sterile, so they will not produce viable seed.", "The Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station has established a trial garden at the E.V. Smith Research Center near Shorter, Alabama, to evaluate annual garden plants. Fourteen African cultivars and 25 French cultivars were visually rated bimonthly on a scale of 0 (dead) to 5 (superior plants in flower) for garden performance during the summer of 1997. The 10 best- performing African and French cultivars are listed in Tables 1 and 2. Average seasonal performance rating for the 10 best African and French cultivars ranged from 2.9 to 2.3 and 3.2 to 2.6, respectively. Cultivars in the 'Antigua' and 'Inca' series were highly rated among the African type, and those in the 'Bonanza,' 'Bounty,' and 'Hero' series were highly rated among the French type.", "[2] Marigold cultivars were rated on a scale of 0 (dead) to 5 (superior plant in flower) for garden performance.", "[2] Marigold cultivars were rated on a scale of 0 (dead) to 5 (superior plant in flower) for garden performance.", "Growers pay a premium price for high-quality marigold seeds. Therefore, care and planning are necessary to ensure that the maximum number of transplantable seedlings will be produced from an ounce of seed. For the best results in starting marigold seed, purchase F1 hybrid seeds fresh each season from a reputable supplier. In planning the number of seed to order for production, consider that there are 9,000 to 13,000 seeds per ounce, depending on the species and cultivar.", "If seeds must be kept from one season to the next, store them in a dark, cool, dry environment protected from insects and rodents. As a general rule, store seeds under conditions where the sum of the Fahrenheit temperature and percent relative humidity does not exceed 100. For example, where seeds are stored at 45°F, the humidity should not exceed 55 percent. Refrigerators dedicated to seed storage are often used, with the seeds sealed in containers containing a desiccant material.", "The 406 or 512 plug flats are small enough for economic production but large enough to accommodate growth until transplanting. However, larger plug sizes may be used to meet special production goals. The most effective way to sow marigold seeds is using an automatic seeder. Using an automatic seeder to sow marigold seeds can be problematic because the seeds are long and thin and the \"fuzzy tail\" (bristlelike projections at the basal end of the seed) interferes with the mechanical seed-sowing process. Some brands of seeders come with special attachments for handling marigold seed. Seed suppliers have also developed a seed that has been \"de-tailed.\" Marigold seeds that are coated with a water-soluble, inert material to facilitate sowing can also be purchased.", "Sow seeds in plug flats containing a moist, well-drained, sterile medium such as one of the many peat-lite mixes available commercially for plug culture. Germinating media pH should be in a range of 5.8 to 6.5, with an electrical conductivity level of less than 0.75 mmhos/cm based on the 2:1 extraction method. Before sowing the seeds, thoroughly moisten the medium with room- temperature water. Light is not required for marigold seed germination; therefore, sow seeds directly on the medium surface, and cover the seeds with a thin layer of #2 coarse-grade vermiculite. Vermiculite helps maintain adequate moisture around the seed.", "Seeds of the African and French types germinate in 3 to 5 days at 75 to 80 degrees F medium temperature. Seeds of the triploid type may require several days more. Bottom heat greatly enhances seed germination and early growth, especially on crops early in the spring season. Keep the germinating medium moist, but not saturated. Reduce the moisture level and reduce the night temperature to 68 to 70 degrees F once the radicle (root) emerges. Begin fertilizing seedlings once or twice per week at 50 to 75 ppm nitrogen, using a 15-0-15 fertilizer or calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate when cotyledons (seed leaves) unfold. Increase this rate to 100 to 150 ppm nitrogen when true leaves develop.", "If marigold plugs are purchased from a propagator, unpack and examine the seedlings carefully. The plants should be an appropriate size for transplanting. Overgrown seedlings are difficult to grow into high-quality plants, and seedlings that are too small are difficult to transplant and slow to establish. Remove several seedlings from the sample flats, and examine the root system. Marigold roots should be large, white, and fuzzy, covering about two-thirds of the outer surface of the medium. Look for signs of overwatering and root diseases indicated by brown or black discoloration. Examine the foliage for diseases, insects, or nutrient problems.", "Be prepared to transplant plugs immediately. Generally, marigold seedlings are ready to transplant from plugs when three to four mature leaves are present. It is important to transplant when seedlings just begin to crowd. Marigold plugs are usually shipped at a size that is ready to transplant. Holding plugs in the greenhouse for too long results in stunting and premature flowering. Plant seedlings at about the same level at which they were growing in the plug trays, but no deeper. Dibble the transplant medium to the depth of the root ball, and gently firm-in the seedlings. Water newly planted seedlings thoroughly immediately after transplanting them.", "A light, well-drained, peat-lite medium with a 5.8 to 6.5 pH and an electrical conductivity less then 1.0 mmhos/cm based on the 2:1 extraction method is recommended for growing on. The media pH should be 5.8 or higher. A media pH lower than 5.8 may cause iron and manganese toxicity. Symptoms of toxicity appear as speckling, necrotic margins, necrotic spots on the older leaves, and, in extreme cases, death of the growing tip. Toxicity symptoms may also appear with the overapplication of micronutrients. This may occur when the grower uses a water-soluble fertilizer containing micronutrients after adding a commercial micronutrient fertilizer during the mixing of the medium. Some marigold cultivars are more sensitive to this problem than others are.", "Grow marigolds at 60 to 65 degrees F night temperatures and 65 to 72 degrees F day temperatures for high-quality plants. Use 65 degrees F night temperatures for a week to 10 days after transplanting to establish the root system, and then drop to 60 degrees F if desired.", "Do not fertilize marigolds for 7 to 10 days after transplanting or until the roots reach the sides and bottom of the container. Thereafter, fertilize on a constant liquid fertilization basis at 100 to 150 ppm nitrogen, using a fertilizer about equal in nitrogen and potassium content. Many growers alternate between 20-10-20 and 15-0-15 or calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate applied once or twice per week. If the media temperature is below 65 degrees F, avoid fertilizers with nitrogen high in the ammonium form (greater than 40 percent), such as some 20-20-20 formulations. Growers should test medium pH and soluble salts in-house on a weekly basis and send samples for laboratory testing every 2 weeks. Recommended foliar analysis ranges for marigolds are given in Table 3. Fertilizer rate can be reduced by one-half in the last week or two to harden-off plants before they are shipped to the retail market.", "Element| percentage| Element| ppm ---|---|---|--- N| 3.32 to 3.62| Fe| 92 to 115 P| 0.49 to 0.54| Mn| 275 to 558 K| 2.79 to 2.88| Zn| 76 to 97 Ca| 2.36 to 2.72| Cu| 19 to 25 Mg| 1.33 to 1.44| B| 34 to 40 S| 1.34 to 1.44| Mo| 0.22 to 0.62 Source: Plant Analysis Handbook II, MicroMacro Publishing, 1996.", "Many marigold cultivars are facultative short-day plants, meaning that plants flower more quickly under short day lengths but will eventually flower regardless of photoperiod. African cultivars display more of a photoperiodic response than French or triploid types do. The critical photoperiod for Tagetes erecta is between 12.5 and 13 hours, meaning that plants flower more quickly at day lengths shorter than this. Cultivars of the African type can achieve faster flowering if provided with artificial short days. Cover the cultivars with black cloth from 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 a.m. daily. Start applying black cloth in the first 2 to 3 weeks after seed germination, beginning in late February. Using the black cloth will reduce the flowering time by up to 2 weeks and will produce more compact plants. Not all cultivars require black cloth, however. Recent breeding work has focused on developing African cultivars that are day-length neutral; therefore, black cloth is not beneficial. Photoperiod control is rarely needed or practiced for the French and triploid marigolds during normal spring production.", "Marigolds require as much light as possible, especially with early spring crops. When arranging bedding plants in the production area, place marigold crops in the brightest areas possible, preferably areas with glass or clear plastic glazing. Be sure the greenhouse glazing is clean and free of shading compound.", "Generally, control seedling growth and prevent stretching by managing the environment, nutrition, and water first, and then apply chemical growth retardants if necessary. Height control is usually not needed on the French and triploid types. Marigolds respond to two applications of B-Nine at 2,500 ppm 1 week apart or one application of Cycocel (750 to1,500 ppm), Bonzi (4 to 10 ppm), or A-Rest (50 to 100 ppm).", "Crop production times differ not only for the three horticultural types of marigolds but also among cultivars within each type. Production time will generally decrease as light intensity and temperature increase during the spring production season. Production time for African marigold cultivars can also be modified by natural photoperiod. Growers should therefore keep detailed records of crop performance and timing to improve future scheduling efforts.", "Generally, the African cultivars require up to 2 weeks longer to flower than the French and triploid types do. In the Southeast, seedlings in 406 plug flats generally require 5 weeks from sowing to be ready to transplant and 5 to 6 weeks in jumbo market packs for a total production time of 10 to 11 weeks. The total production time for a single plug-grown seedling in a 4-inch pot is 11 to 12 weeks.", "In the Southeast, seedlings in 406 plug flats generally require 4 to 5 weeks from sowing to being ready to transplant and 3 to 4 weeks in 48- to 32-cell market packs for a total production time of 7 to 9 weeks. The total production time for a single plug-grown seedling in a 4-inch pot is 10 to 11 weeks. Ten- inch hanging baskets with four or five seedlings per container require 10 to 13 weeks total production time.", "In the Southeast, seedlings in 406 plug flats generally require 5 weeks from sowing to being ready to transplant and 2 to 3 weeks in 48- to 32-celled market packs for a total production time of 7 to 8 weeks. The total production time for a single plug-grown seedling in a 4-inch pot is 10 to 11 weeks.", "Spider mites, aphids, thrips, and leaf miners can be problems on marigolds. Slugs and snails can be problems under damp conditions.", "A protective application of a fungicide for Alternaria leaf spot is recommended, especially on the African type. Damping-off (Pythium and Rhizoctonia) in seedlings and grey mold (Botrytis) on flowers can be problems. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) can be a major problem and is carried by thrips. Southern bacterial wilt (Pseudomonus solanacearium) and bacterial leaf spot (Pseudomonas syringae var. tagetes) are serious diseases. Southern bacterial wilt causes stunting, wilting, and death, while bacterial leaf spot causes small black spots that turn necrotic. There are no known controls, so infected plants should be destroyed.", "Specific control measures for insect and disease problems can be found in the Alabama Pest Management Handbook--Volumes 1 and 2 (ANR-500A and 500B). For information about obtaining this publication, contact your county Extension agent.", "For more information, contact your county Extension office. Look in your telephone directory under your county's name to find the number.", "For more information, contact your county Extension office. Visit http://www.aces.edu/counties or look in your telephone directory under your county's name to find contact information." ] }, "parsed_md": "ACES Publications : Greenhouse Production of Marigolds : ANR-1125\n\nShare |\n\nAdvanced Search\n\n * About ACES\n * Resource Areas\n * Offices\n * Publications & Services\n * News\n * Weather\n * Calendar\n * Directory\n * Español\n * Jobs\n * Homepage\n\n * Who We Are\n * Awards\n * Impact\n * Employment Opportunities\n * Related Websites\n * Units & Departments\n * Contact Us\n * Intranet\n\n * 4-H & Youth\n\n * Alabama 4-H\n * Alabama 4-H Center\n * Alabama 4-H Foundation\n * Contribute to 4-H\n * PROSPER Partnerships\n * Youth-Related Information\n\n * Agriculture\n\n * Aquaculture & Seafood Production\n * Business Management\n * Crop Production – Food, Fiber, Ornamentals & Turf\n * Food Safety\n * Livestock & Poultry\n * Precision Agriculture\n * Insects, Diseases, Weeds, & Pests\n * Climate & Weather Information\n\n * Disasters\n\n * Agricultural Disasters\n * Current Situation\n * Families & Communities\n * Hazards & Threats\n * Human Health\n * Weather & Climate Information\n\n * Economic Development\n\n * Business & Careers\n * Community Engagement, Tourism & Assistance\n * Resources & Publications\n * Education & Training\n\n * Family & Health\n\n * Families & Children\n * Finances\n * Food Safety\n * Health & Nutrition\n\n * Home & Garden\n\n * Home Environments\n * Home Pests\n * Home Sustainability\n * Lawn & Garden\n\n * Natural Resources\n\n * Forestry\n * Invasive Species\n * Outdoor Recreation\n * Water Resources\n * Fish & Wildlife Conservation\n * Wildlife Damage Control\n\n * Urban Affairs\n\n * Urban Affairs & New Nontraditional Programs\n * Metro News\n * Programación en Español\n\n * County Offices\n\nPrintable List of County Offices (PDF)\n\n#### County Name\n\nCoordinator: Hours: Phone: Fax:\n\n * Diagnostic Labs\n\n * Plant Diagnostic Lab - Auburn\n * Plant Diagnostic Lab - Birmingham\n * Soil & Forage Testing Laboratory\n\n * Extension Centers\n\n * 4-H Center\n * AAES/Regional Research & Extension Centers\n * C. Beaty Hannah Horticulture & Environmental Center\n * Chilton Food Innovation Center\n * Hope Place Family Resource Center\n * National Poultry Technology Center\n * Small Ruminant Outreach Center\n * Urban Centers\n\n * Administrative Units\n\n * Administration\n * Business Office\n * Communications & Marketing\n * Information Technology\n\n * ACES Publications & Store\n\n * Webinars, Video Conferences, & Events\n\nArchived Panopto Sessions\n\n * Diagnostic Lab Services\n\n * Plant Diagnostic Lab - Auburn\n * Plant Diagnostic Lab - Birmingham\n * Soil & Forage Testing Lab - Auburn\n\nMenu\n\nAuthor: J. Raymond Kessler PubID: ANR-1125\n\nTitle: Greenhouse Production of Marigolds\n\nPages: 4 Balance: 0\n\nPrintable Copy (PDF)\n\nANR-1125 GREENHOUSE PRODUCTION OF MARIGOLDS\n\nANR-1125, New July 1998. J.R. Kessler, Jr., Extension Horticulturist,\nAssistant Professor, Horticulture, Auburn University\n\nGreenhouse Production of Marigolds \n--- \n \nMarigolds have long been popular with American gardeners as one of the\npremiere summer annuals. They perform well in dry, hot, sunny locations and\nproduce dark-green, fine-textured foliage and bright-colored flowers\nthroughout the summer and into the fall. There may be more sizes, flower\ntypes, and growth habits of marigolds than of any other bedding plant.\n\nMarigolds range in size from 6 inches to over 3 feet tall. Dwarf cultivars are\nappropriate to use in containers, as bedding plants, or as flower bed borders,\nwhile taller cultivars can be used as bed fillers, at the rear of the border,\nor as cut flowers. In the past, marigolds had a strong fragrance that some\npeople found objectionable. Newer cultivars are somewhat less pungent, but\nthey still have the characteristic marigold smell.\n\n### Cultivars\n\nTwo different species of marigold are commonly grown: African marigolds\n(Tagetes erecta) and French marigolds (Tagetes patula). Interestingly, neither\nAfrican nor French marigolds come from Africa or France--both species are\nnative to New Mexico and Arizona and southward to Argentina. Crosses between\nAfrican and French marigolds have resulted in triploid cultivars; therefore,\nthe three major horticultural types are the African type, the French type, and\nthe triploid type.\n\nBreeders have worked extensively to create cultivars in a wide range of\ncolors, plant sizes, and flower forms. Marigold flowers are available in\nsingle, semidouble, or double petal arrangements with white, yellow to orange,\ngold, or red flowers. Red and crimson flower colors are found in the triploid\nand French types but not in the African type. Flower sizes range from 1 inch\nin the French type to 5 inches in the African type.\n\n### African Type\n\nCultivars of Tagetes erecta, sometimes referred to as American marigolds, are\nlarger plants than the French type, often with fewer, larger double flowers.\nIn the double-flowered cultivars, there are crested doubles, whose flowers are\nmounded and full, and anemone doubles whose flowers are flat and wide with a\nrecessed center.\n\n### French Type\n\nCultivars of Tagetes patula are usually smaller than African type plants. Most\nare 6 to 8 inches, but some cultivars reach 12 inches in height. Though double\nflower petal arrangements are available, single and semidouble are more\ncommon. The single-flowering cultivars stand up to rain and humidity better in\nthe South than double-flowered cultivars do.\n\n### Triploid Type\n\nTriploid cultivars are breeding crosses between Tagetes erecta and Tagetes\npatula. One advantage of these cultivars is that they provide the longest\noverall display of color in the landscape, often lasting through the hot\nsummer weather into August and September. However, seed germination during\nproduction may be considerably slower than for the African and French types.\nThese plants are sterile, so they will not produce viable seed.\n\n### Best-Performing Cultivars\n\nThe Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station has established a trial garden at\nthe E.V. Smith Research Center near Shorter, Alabama, to evaluate annual\ngarden plants. Fourteen African cultivars and 25 French cultivars were\nvisually rated bimonthly on a scale of 0 (dead) to 5 (superior plants in\nflower) for garden performance during the summer of 1997. The 10 best-\nperforming African and French cultivars are listed in Tables 1 and 2. Average\nseasonal performance rating for the 10 best African and French cultivars\nranged from 2.9 to 2.3 and 3.2 to 2.6, respectively. Cultivars in the\n'Antigua' and 'Inca' series were highly rated among the African type, and\nthose in the 'Bonanza,' 'Bounty,' and 'Hero' series were highly rated among\nthe French type.\n\nTable 1. Best-Performing African Marigold Cultivars in the 1997 Trial [1]\n\nCultivar| Flower Color| Rating [2] \n---|---|--- \nAntigua Primrose| Yellow| 2.9 \nAntigua Goldsmith| Gold| 2.8 \nDiscovery Yellow| Yellow| 2.8 \nInca Yellow| Yellow| 2.7 \nInca Orange| Orange| 2.6 \nAntigua Yellow| Yellow| 2.6 \nMarvel Yellow| Yellow| 2.6 \nInca Mix| Mix| 2.5 \nMarvel Deep Orange| Orange| 2.4 \nAntigua Mixture| Mix| 2.3 \n \n[1] Trials held by Auburn University and Alabama Agricultural Experiment\nStation at the E.V. Smith Research Center.\n\n[2] Marigold cultivars were rated on a scale of 0 (dead) to 5 (superior plant\nin flower) for garden performance. \n \nTable 2. Best-Performing French Marigold Cultivars in the 1997 Trial [1]\n\nCultivar| Flower Color| Rating [2] \n---|---|--- \nBonanza Harmony| Red| 3.2 \nBonanza Flame| Red| 3.0 \nHero Orange| Orange| 2.9 \nBounty Yellow| Yellow| 2.8 \nHero Bee| Red, yellow| 2.8 \nBonanza Bee| Red, yellow| 2.8 \nHero Flame| Red| 2.8 \nBounty Goldsmith| Yellow| 2.8 \nBounty Spry| Yellow, red| 2.8 \nLittle Hero Flame| Red| 2.6 \n \n[1] Trials held by Auburn University and Alabama Agricultural Experiment\nStation at the E.V. Smith Research Center.\n\n[2] Marigold cultivars were rated on a scale of 0 (dead) to 5 (superior plant\nin flower) for garden performance. \n \n### Plug Production\n\nGrowers pay a premium price for high-quality marigold seeds. Therefore, care\nand planning are necessary to ensure that the maximum number of transplantable\nseedlings will be produced from an ounce of seed. For the best results in\nstarting marigold seed, purchase F1 hybrid seeds fresh each season from a\nreputable supplier. In planning the number of seed to order for production,\nconsider that there are 9,000 to 13,000 seeds per ounce, depending on the\nspecies and cultivar.\n\nIf seeds must be kept from one season to the next, store them in a dark, cool,\ndry environment protected from insects and rodents. As a general rule, store\nseeds under conditions where the sum of the Fahrenheit temperature and percent\nrelative humidity does not exceed 100. For example, where seeds are stored at\n45°F, the humidity should not exceed 55 percent. Refrigerators dedicated to\nseed storage are often used, with the seeds sealed in containers containing a\ndesiccant material.\n\nThe 406 or 512 plug flats are small enough for economic production but large\nenough to accommodate growth until transplanting. However, larger plug sizes\nmay be used to meet special production goals. The most effective way to sow\nmarigold seeds is using an automatic seeder. Using an automatic seeder to sow\nmarigold seeds can be problematic because the seeds are long and thin and the\n\"fuzzy tail\" (bristlelike projections at the basal end of the seed) interferes\nwith the mechanical seed-sowing process. Some brands of seeders come with\nspecial attachments for handling marigold seed. Seed suppliers have also\ndeveloped a seed that has been \"de-tailed.\" Marigold seeds that are coated\nwith a water-soluble, inert material to facilitate sowing can also be\npurchased.\n\nSow seeds in plug flats containing a moist, well-drained, sterile medium such\nas one of the many peat-lite mixes available commercially for plug culture.\nGerminating media pH should be in a range of 5.8 to 6.5, with an electrical\nconductivity level of less than 0.75 mmhos/cm based on the 2:1 extraction\nmethod. Before sowing the seeds, thoroughly moisten the medium with room-\ntemperature water. Light is not required for marigold seed germination;\ntherefore, sow seeds directly on the medium surface, and cover the seeds with\na thin layer of #2 coarse-grade vermiculite. Vermiculite helps maintain\nadequate moisture around the seed.\n\nSeeds of the African and French types germinate in 3 to 5 days at 75 to 80\ndegrees F medium temperature. Seeds of the triploid type may require several\ndays more. Bottom heat greatly enhances seed germination and early growth,\nespecially on crops early in the spring season. Keep the germinating medium\nmoist, but not saturated. Reduce the moisture level and reduce the night\ntemperature to 68 to 70 degrees F once the radicle (root) emerges. Begin\nfertilizing seedlings once or twice per week at 50 to 75 ppm nitrogen, using a\n15-0-15 fertilizer or calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate when cotyledons\n(seed leaves) unfold. Increase this rate to 100 to 150 ppm nitrogen when true\nleaves develop.\n\n### Growing On\n\nIf marigold plugs are purchased from a propagator, unpack and examine the\nseedlings carefully. The plants should be an appropriate size for\ntransplanting. Overgrown seedlings are difficult to grow into high-quality\nplants, and seedlings that are too small are difficult to transplant and slow\nto establish. Remove several seedlings from the sample flats, and examine the\nroot system. Marigold roots should be large, white, and fuzzy, covering about\ntwo-thirds of the outer surface of the medium. Look for signs of overwatering\nand root diseases indicated by brown or black discoloration. Examine the\nfoliage for diseases, insects, or nutrient problems.\n\nBe prepared to transplant plugs immediately. Generally, marigold seedlings are\nready to transplant from plugs when three to four mature leaves are present.\nIt is important to transplant when seedlings just begin to crowd. Marigold\nplugs are usually shipped at a size that is ready to transplant. Holding plugs\nin the greenhouse for too long results in stunting and premature flowering.\nPlant seedlings at about the same level at which they were growing in the plug\ntrays, but no deeper. Dibble the transplant medium to the depth of the root\nball, and gently firm-in the seedlings. Water newly planted seedlings\nthoroughly immediately after transplanting them.\n\n### Growing Medium\n\nA light, well-drained, peat-lite medium with a 5.8 to 6.5 pH and an electrical\nconductivity less then 1.0 mmhos/cm based on the 2:1 extraction method is\nrecommended for growing on. The media pH should be 5.8 or higher. A media pH\nlower than 5.8 may cause iron and manganese toxicity. Symptoms of toxicity\nappear as speckling, necrotic margins, necrotic spots on the older leaves,\nand, in extreme cases, death of the growing tip. Toxicity symptoms may also\nappear with the overapplication of micronutrients. This may occur when the\ngrower uses a water-soluble fertilizer containing micronutrients after adding\na commercial micronutrient fertilizer during the mixing of the medium. Some\nmarigold cultivars are more sensitive to this problem than others are.\n\n### Temperature\n\nGrow marigolds at 60 to 65 degrees F night temperatures and 65 to 72 degrees F\nday temperatures for high-quality plants. Use 65 degrees F night temperatures\nfor a week to 10 days after transplanting to establish the root system, and\nthen drop to 60 degrees F if desired.\n\n### Fertilization\n\nDo not fertilize marigolds for 7 to 10 days after transplanting or until the\nroots reach the sides and bottom of the container. Thereafter, fertilize on a\nconstant liquid fertilization basis at 100 to 150 ppm nitrogen, using a\nfertilizer about equal in nitrogen and potassium content. Many growers\nalternate between 20-10-20 and 15-0-15 or calcium nitrate and potassium\nnitrate applied once or twice per week. If the media temperature is below 65\ndegrees F, avoid fertilizers with nitrogen high in the ammonium form (greater\nthan 40 percent), such as some 20-20-20 formulations. Growers should test\nmedium pH and soluble salts in-house on a weekly basis and send samples for\nlaboratory testing every 2 weeks. Recommended foliar analysis ranges for\nmarigolds are given in Table 3. Fertilizer rate can be reduced by one-half in\nthe last week or two to harden-off plants before they are shipped to the\nretail market.\n\nTable 3. Marigold Normal Foliar Analysis Ranges\n\nElement| percentage| Element| ppm \n---|---|---|--- \nN| 3.32 to 3.62| Fe| 92 to 115 \nP| 0.49 to 0.54| Mn| 275 to 558 \nK| 2.79 to 2.88| Zn| 76 to 97 \nCa| 2.36 to 2.72| Cu| 19 to 25 \nMg| 1.33 to 1.44| B| 34 to 40 \nS| 1.34 to 1.44| Mo| 0.22 to 0.62 \nSource: Plant Analysis Handbook II, MicroMacro Publishing, 1996. \n \n### Photoperiod\n\nMany marigold cultivars are facultative short-day plants, meaning that plants\nflower more quickly under short day lengths but will eventually flower\nregardless of photoperiod. African cultivars display more of a photoperiodic\nresponse than French or triploid types do. The critical photoperiod for\nTagetes erecta is between 12.5 and 13 hours, meaning that plants flower more\nquickly at day lengths shorter than this. Cultivars of the African type can\nachieve faster flowering if provided with artificial short days. Cover the\ncultivars with black cloth from 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 a.m. daily. Start applying\nblack cloth in the first 2 to 3 weeks after seed germination, beginning in\nlate February. Using the black cloth will reduce the flowering time by up to 2\nweeks and will produce more compact plants. Not all cultivars require black\ncloth, however. Recent breeding work has focused on developing African\ncultivars that are day-length neutral; therefore, black cloth is not\nbeneficial. Photoperiod control is rarely needed or practiced for the French\nand triploid marigolds during normal spring production.\n\n### Light\n\nMarigolds require as much light as possible, especially with early spring\ncrops. When arranging bedding plants in the production area, place marigold\ncrops in the brightest areas possible, preferably areas with glass or clear\nplastic glazing. Be sure the greenhouse glazing is clean and free of shading\ncompound.\n\n### Growth Retardant\n\nGenerally, control seedling growth and prevent stretching by managing the\nenvironment, nutrition, and water first, and then apply chemical growth\nretardants if necessary. Height control is usually not needed on the French\nand triploid types. Marigolds respond to two applications of B-Nine at 2,500\nppm 1 week apart or one application of Cycocel (750 to1,500 ppm), Bonzi (4 to\n10 ppm), or A-Rest (50 to 100 ppm).\n\n### Scheduling\n\nCrop production times differ not only for the three horticultural types of\nmarigolds but also among cultivars within each type. Production time will\ngenerally decrease as light intensity and temperature increase during the\nspring production season. Production time for African marigold cultivars can\nalso be modified by natural photoperiod. Growers should therefore keep\ndetailed records of crop performance and timing to improve future scheduling\nefforts.\n\n### African Types\n\nGenerally, the African cultivars require up to 2 weeks longer to flower than\nthe French and triploid types do. In the Southeast, seedlings in 406 plug\nflats generally require 5 weeks from sowing to be ready to transplant and 5 to\n6 weeks in jumbo market packs for a total production time of 10 to 11 weeks.\nThe total production time for a single plug-grown seedling in a 4-inch pot is\n11 to 12 weeks.\n\n### French Types\n\nIn the Southeast, seedlings in 406 plug flats generally require 4 to 5 weeks\nfrom sowing to being ready to transplant and 3 to 4 weeks in 48- to 32-cell\nmarket packs for a total production time of 7 to 9 weeks. The total production\ntime for a single plug-grown seedling in a 4-inch pot is 10 to 11 weeks. Ten-\ninch hanging baskets with four or five seedlings per container require 10 to\n13 weeks total production time.\n\n### Triploid Types\n\nIn the Southeast, seedlings in 406 plug flats generally require 5 weeks from\nsowing to being ready to transplant and 2 to 3 weeks in 48- to 32-celled\nmarket packs for a total production time of 7 to 8 weeks. The total production\ntime for a single plug-grown seedling in a 4-inch pot is 10 to 11 weeks.\n\n### Common Problems\n\n### Insects and Related Pests\n\nSpider mites, aphids, thrips, and leaf miners can be problems on marigolds.\nSlugs and snails can be problems under damp conditions.\n\n### Diseases\n\nA protective application of a fungicide for Alternaria leaf spot is\nrecommended, especially on the African type. Damping-off (Pythium and\nRhizoctonia) in seedlings and grey mold (Botrytis) on flowers can be problems.\nTomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) can be a major problem and is carried by\nthrips. Southern bacterial wilt (Pseudomonus solanacearium) and bacterial leaf\nspot (Pseudomonas syringae var. tagetes) are serious diseases. Southern\nbacterial wilt causes stunting, wilting, and death, while bacterial leaf spot\ncauses small black spots that turn necrotic. There are no known controls, so\ninfected plants should be destroyed.\n\nSpecific control measures for insect and disease problems can be found in the\nAlabama Pest Management Handbook--Volumes 1 and 2 (ANR-500A and 500B). For\ninformation about obtaining this publication, contact your county Extension\nagent.\n\nFor more information, contact your county Extension office. Look in your\ntelephone directory under your county's name to find the number.\n\nFor more information, contact your county Extension office. Visit\nhttp://www.aces.edu/counties or look in your telephone directory under your\ncounty's name to find contact information.\n\nPublished by the Alabama Cooperative Extension System (Alabama A&M University\nand Auburn University), an equal opportunity educator and employer.\n\nIf you have problems loading this document, please email publications@aces.edu\nfor assistance.\n\nPublications Homepage | ACES Homepage\n\nFollow Us:\n\nCopyright © 1997 - 2017 by the Alabama Cooperative Extension System Alabama\nA&M University and Auburn University All Rights Reserved. – webmaster@aces.edu\nLegal Disclaimer – Privacy Statement\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.thegardenhelper.com/marigold.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506154047/http://www.thegardenhelper.com/marigold.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Marigolds, How to Grow and Care for Marigold Plants, Tagetes", "passages": [ "The Garden Helper is a free gardening encyclopedia and guides to growing and caring for gardens, plants and flowers. Helping gardeners grow their dreams since 1997. No-dash-here, you've found The Real Garden Helper! Gardening on the Web since 1997", "Marigolds are one of the easiest of all plants to grow and care for, making them a perfect plant for teaching young children about growing and gardening. These spunky little plants are only hardy in zones 9-11 so they are normally grown as annual bedding plants. Marigolds start blooming by mid spring and continue producing their brightly colored single, semi-double or double flowers until the first frost in the fall. They are easily cultivated in pots or planters and make great cut flowers.", "Marigolds were first discovered in Central and South America during the seventeenth century. They were brought back to Europe where botanists eagerly began creating new hybrids. The majority of the hybrids are crosses between the French Marigold, Tagetes patula, and the African Marigold, Tagetes erecta.", "French Marigolds are small, fast growing, bushy plants that grow 12\" tall and wide. French Marigolds will provide a non-stop show of dense, 11⁄2\"-2\" Carnation-like double flowers in shades of yellow, orange or reddish-brown from early summer until late fall if the spent flowers are removed promptly.", "The African Marigold is sometimes called an American or Aztec Marigold. They are branching, upright plants that can grow 18\" to 36\" tall. African Marigolds produce large (up to 5\"), solitary , single or double, Daisy-like flowers in shades of orange or yellow.", "Today, there are hundreds of hybrids that have resulted from African and French Marigold crosses and more are being created all the time. These cultivars may be dwarf border plants or tall growing for background plantings. The 2\"-31⁄2\" flowers may be single or double. They may be solid red or solid yellow in color, or combinations of red and yellow.", "Marigolds should only be grown in full sun. They are not fussy when it comes to the soil they are grown in, as long as it is well-drained. They will actually produce more flowers but less foliage if they are grown in soil that isn't too rich. Plant Marigolds 12\"-15\" apart in the garden after all danger of frost has passed in the spring.", "Water regularly until new plants become well established, after which Marigold plants become fairly drought tolerant except during periods of high temperatures when they will need regular watering again.", "Remove spent flowers regularly to prolong the blooming season. Take precautions to protect your Marigold plants from slugs and snails!", "Marigolds are very easily grown from seeds. These long black seeds are large enough that even young children can hold and plant them individually.", "Marigold seeds can be planted in the garden after all danger of frost has passed, but for the best results and earliest flowers, the seeds can be sown indoors 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost. The seeds of African Marigolds should be sown indoors 10-12 weeks early.", "Barely cover the seeds with moist, sifted compost, then maintain a temperature within the growing medium of 70°-75° until germination, which takes as little as 5-7 days. Thin the seedlings to 3\" apart, or transplant them into pots when they are about 2\" tall. Keep the soil evenly moist and shade them from full sun until they are 6\" tall. Pinch out the tips of new growth to promote bushy growth.", "© 1997-2021 TheGardenHelper.com | Page Index The Garden Helper may not be reproduced or distributed for any purpose without our written consent." ] }, "parsed_md": "Marigolds, How to Grow and Care for Marigold Plants, Tagetes - Garden Helper,\nGardening Questions and Answers\n\n * TGH\n\n## Welcome to The Garden Helper!\n\nThe Garden Helper is a free gardening encyclopedia and guides to growing and\ncaring for gardens, plants and flowers. Helping gardeners grow their dreams\nsince 1997. No-dash-here, you've found The Real Garden Helper! Gardening on\nthe Web since 1997\n\n * Basics\n\n### Resources\n\n * USDA Plant Zones\n * Last Frost Dates\n * Plants from Seed\n * Plant Buying Guide\n * Garden Glossary\n * Gardening Tool Care\n * Gardening Tools\n\n### Garden Soil\n\n * Garden Soil\n * Soil Acidity\n * Compost\n * Fertilizer\n\n### Gardening calendar\n\n * January\n * February\n * March\n * April\n * May\n * June\n * July\n * August\n * September\n * October\n * November\n * December\n\n * Gardens\n\n## Gardens\n\nLearn How to create and maintain gardens\n\n * Flower Gardens\n * Shade Gardens\n * Vegetable Garden\n * Raised Planting Beds\n\n * Butterfly Gardens\n * Hummingbird Garden\n * Container Garden\n * Water Features\n\n * Plants\n\n### Garden Plants\n\n * Annuals\n * Perennials\n * Vegetables\n * Bulb Type Plants\n * Flowering trees\n * Vining Plants\n * Drought Tolerant\n * Butterfly Flowers\n * Hummingbird Flowers\n * Carnivorous Plants\n\n### House Plants\n\n * 100 House Plants\n * Plant Bugs\n * Terrariums\n * Dish Gardens\n * Terrarium Plants\n * Plants in Pots\n * Plant Buying Guide\n\n * Problems\n\n## Problems\n\n * Troubleshooting\n * Plant Insects\n * Good Bugs\n\n * Living\n\n * Christmas Cookies\n * Gardening with Kids\n\n * Forums\n\n## Visit our Gardening Forum!\n\nShare your gardening knowledge with The Gardener's Forum - with 50,000 posts\nand thousands of participating members.\n\n * Gardener's Forum\n * Gardening Questions and Answers\n\n \n--- \n| No-dash-here, you've found The Real Garden Helper! Gardening on the Web\nsince 1997 \n--- \n|\n\n| The Garden Helper \n--- \nThe Gardener's Forum \nForum Archive \nGarden Calendar \nGardening in May \nGardening Basics \nPlanting & Growing \nPlants by Group \nGarden Specific Plants \nHouse Plants \nPlant Buying Guide \nPlant Hardiness Zones \nPests & Problems \nStart Seed Indoors \nGarden Tool Care \nGarden Glossary \nPlant Care Icons \nPlant Buying Guide \nPlant Index \nEncyclopedia \nCookies! \n \n|\n\n|\n\n# How to Grow and Care for Marigold Plants\n\n## Tagetes patula, Tagetes erecta\n\nMarigolds are one of the easiest of all plants to grow and care for, making\nthem a perfect plant for teaching young children about growing and gardening.\nThese spunky little plants are only hardy in zones 9-11 so they are normally\ngrown as annual bedding plants. Marigolds start blooming by mid spring and\ncontinue producing their brightly colored single, semi-double or double\nflowers until the first frost in the fall. They are easily cultivated in pots\nor planters and make great cut flowers. \n \n--- \n|\n\nMarigolds were first discovered in Central and South America during the\nseventeenth century. They were brought back to Europe where botanists eagerly\nbegan creating new hybrids. The majority of the hybrids are crosses between\nthe French Marigold, Tagetes patula, and the African Marigold, Tagetes erecta.\n\nFrench Marigolds are small, fast growing, bushy plants that grow 12\" tall and\nwide. French Marigolds will provide a non-stop show of dense, 11⁄2\"-2\"\nCarnation-like double flowers in shades of yellow, orange or reddish-brown\nfrom early summer until late fall if the spent flowers are removed promptly.\n\nThe African Marigold is sometimes called an American or Aztec Marigold. They\nare branching, upright plants that can grow 18\" to 36\" tall. African Marigolds\nproduce large (up to 5\"), solitary , single or double, Daisy-like flowers in\nshades of orange or yellow. \n \n--- \n \nToday, there are hundreds of hybrids that have resulted from African and\nFrench Marigold crosses and more are being created all the time. These\ncultivars may be dwarf border plants or tall growing for background plantings.\nThe 2\"-31⁄2\" flowers may be single or double. They may be solid red or solid\nyellow in color, or combinations of red and yellow.\n\n## Growing Requirements for Marigold Plants\n\nMarigolds should only be grown in full sun. They are not fussy when it comes\nto the soil they are grown in, as long as it is well-drained. They will\nactually produce more flowers but less foliage if they are grown in soil that\nisn't too rich. Plant Marigolds 12\"-15\" apart in the garden after all danger\nof frost has passed in the spring.\n\nWater regularly until new plants become well established, after which Marigold\nplants become fairly drought tolerant except during periods of high\ntemperatures when they will need regular watering again.\n\nRemove spent flowers regularly to prolong the blooming season. Take\nprecautions to protect your Marigold plants from slugs and snails!\n\n## How to Grow Marigolds from Seeds\n\n|\n\nMarigolds are very easily grown from seeds. These long black seeds are large\nenough that even young children can hold and plant them individually.\n\nMarigold seeds can be planted in the garden after all danger of frost has\npassed, but for the best results and earliest flowers, the seeds can be sown\nindoors 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost. The seeds of African\nMarigolds should be sown indoors 10-12 weeks early.\n\nBarely cover the seeds with moist, sifted compost, then maintain a temperature\nwithin the growing medium of 70°-75° until germination, which takes as little\nas 5-7 days. Thin the seedlings to 3\" apart, or transplant them into pots when\nthey are about 2\" tall. Keep the soil evenly moist and shade them from full\nsun until they are 6\" tall. Pinch out the tips of new growth to promote bushy\ngrowth. \n \n--- \nMarigolds, Tagates \n--- \n \n### Other articles you might like:\n\n© 1997-2021 TheGardenHelper.com | Page Index The Garden Helper may not be\nreproduced or distributed for any purpose without our written consent.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.burpee.com:80/flowers/marigolds/all-about-marigolds-article10240.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151213041558/http://www.burpee.com:80/flowers/marigolds/all-about-marigolds-article10240.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Gardening Tips and Advice, Annual Flowers at Burpee.com", "passages": [ "Marigolds are incredibly easy-going and reliable under a wide range of growing conditions. Once planted, marigolds grow rapidly with no fuss. Most thrive in full sun, taking hot, sunny exposures in stride. Marigolds can even handle the reflected heat and light of paved surfaces as long as they get regular moisture. However, marigolds will tolerate up to 20% shade if there is bright light the rest of the day. In fact, lovely white 'Snowdrift' actually prefers some afternoon shade in regions where summers are extremely hot.", "Marigolds are not at all fussy about soil, accepting poor to average soil without complaint as long as it is not constantly soggy. In fact, marigolds bloom more and better in poorer soil. Too rich a diet stimulates lush foliage growth at the expense of flowers. ________________________________________", "Marigolds and the W. Atlee Burpee Seed Company are practically synonymous. As early as 1905 Burpee offered the first truly double large marigold 'Lemon Gold' (once available as an heirloom variety).", "Burpee has always been in the forefront of marigold breeding, improving plant heat and drought resistance as well as developing new colors and forms. In 1939, Burpee introduced the first hybrid marigold, followed within a few years by a maroon-streaked, yellow French marigold. As part of its longtime search for a true white marigold, Burpee launched a national contest in 1954. The $10,000 prize for the seed of a truly white marigold was finally awarded to an Iowa gardener in 1975. David Burpee, son of the company founder, W. Atlee, launched an energetic campaign to have the marigold designated as the national flower. In the end, rose enthusiasts carried the day. Nevertheless, Burpee's marigolds continue to be hugely popular in American yards and gardens.", "With seeds so easy to handle, marigolds are frequently used in gardening programs for children or the elderly. While it is very easy, starting marigolds from seed indoors offers no real advantage because they germinate so quickly outdoors. Seeds sown directly into the garden about 1-inch apart sprout within days in warm weather and plants bloom in about 8 weeks. For best results, thin or transplant young marigolds while they are still small, spacing French and Signet types 8 to 10 inches apart. Larger American varieties should be at least 10 to 12 inches apart. Marigolds grown in containers can become a bit crowded.", "Burpee offers a nice collection of their marigolds as Sure Start Plants. Garden centers also offer young marigold plants in celled packs of 6 or 8 plants for spring planting. For a good show of the tall types right away, buy more mature American varieties in individual pots.", "Plant or transplant young marigold plants outdoors after all danger of frost is past and the soil has warmed and dried out a bit. French and signet types can be planted anytime through midsummer but the tall American marigolds are best planted right away in the spring because they are slower to mature. Plant on an overcast day to protect the marigold seedlings from the stress of hot sun while they cope with transplant shock. Prepare the soil by digging down about 6 inches to loosen and aerate it. Remove stones and debris and mix in some granular fertilizer. A 5-10-5 works fine. Set each marigold plant in a hole the size of its rootball and firm soil gently over the roots for support. Then thoroughly water each plant. Plant marigolds in containers in a soilless potting medium. Either mix in slow-acting granular fertilizer at planting time or plan to water in diluted liquid fertilizer periodically.", "A one or two inch layer of any organic material spread over the bare soil between marigold plants will discourage weeds and help keep soil moist. This mulch is most helpful when plants are young before their foliage grows bushy and shades the soil. Water marigold plants when they are first planted and during period of high heat and drought.", "While it is not essential, snipping off the dead blossoms of American type marigolds improves their appearance and stimulates new blooming. Also, as sturdy as they are, American types sometimes need staking to withstand strong winds and heavy rains, or disturbance from foot traffic. Choose unobtrusive small stakes, about 2 feet long and insert them in the soil next to the stem of each plant deeply enough so that they are a bit shorter than the full height of the mature marigold plants. Loop soft fabric or plastic ties around the stake, then the stem and tie to the stake.", "Marigolds have few disease and pest problems if they are properly grown. Occasionally soggy soil or pest insects will induce one of several fungal infections, signaled by discolored spots, a coating of mildew or wilting on the foliage. The best defense is to keep down weeds and to plant marigold where drainage is good. American marigolds tend to be more susceptible than other types to problems.", "Mites and aphids sometimes infest marigolds. Usually a spray of water or an insecticidal soap, repeated every other day for a week or two, will solve the problem. ________________________________________", "Marigolds make excellent cut flowers for both live and dried arrangements. For live bouquets, cut newly opened blooms early in the morning and immediately set the stems in a jar of warm water. Later, strip the stems of lower leaves that might foul the water and arrange the flowers in a vase with fresh water. Marigolds will last up to a week- even longer if you add some floral preservative to the vase water.", "Marigolds are great for dried arrangements and floral crafts. Cut perfect blossoms at their peak; remove foliage from the stems; and hang upside down in a warm, dry place such as an attic until dry. The flowers will shrink a bit, but their color will remain strong. Insert wire into the marigold stems if needed for support in an arrangement. ________________________________________", "Signet marigolds appear on many lists of edible flowers. The petals from their tiny flowers add bright color and a spicy tang to tossed salads. Chopped, the petals make a tangy garnish for boiled eggs, steamed vegetables or fish dishes. Use only homegrown flowers to insure they are free of chemical pesticides. Use caution if you tend to be allergic to various grasses and other plants.", "* Melt the fat and stir in all other ingredients.\n* Pour into margarine tubs or other similar containers.\n* Allow mixture to set. Thread a length of string through two holes in the bottom of the container. It will make hanging this nutritious food easy.\nHang the feeder close to a window where you will be able to enjoy the birds close-up.", "Once you start to feed birds, you must continue to do so on a regular basis. Small birds will come to rely on this source of food. In a really harsh spell of weather, it is the hunger that kills, not the cold." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Grow Marigolds - Gardening Tips and Advice, Annual Flowers at\nBurpee.com - Burpee.com\n\ntop\n\n * Sign In\n * My Account\n * Order Status\n * Contact Us\n * Catalog Quick Shop\n * Request A Catalog\n * E-mail Sign-up\n\n2016 Introductions have Arrived! Shop Now!\n\n * Vegetables Seeds & Plants\n * Flowers Seeds & Plants\n * Perennials Seeds & Plants\n * Herbs Seeds & Plants\n * Heirlooms Seeds & Plants\n * Fruit Plants\n * Organics\n * Seed Starting\n * Gardening Supplies\n\nBurpee Seeds and Plants Home Get Your Garden Growing\n\narticleId= contentId= id=10240\nrequestURIWithQueryString=/gygg/article.jsp?id=10240\ndroplet=GYGGArticleLookupDroplet\n\nAll About Marigolds remove\n\nEmail this to a friend\n\nprint friendly version\n\nasd\n\n# All About Marigolds\n\nCAN I GROW MARIGOLDS?\n\nMarigolds are incredibly easy-going and reliable under a wide range of growing\nconditions. Once planted, marigolds grow rapidly with no fuss. Most thrive in\nfull sun, taking hot, sunny exposures in stride. Marigolds can even handle the\nreflected heat and light of paved surfaces as long as they get regular\nmoisture. However, marigolds will tolerate up to 20% shade if there is bright\nlight the rest of the day. In fact, lovely white 'Snowdrift' actually prefers\nsome afternoon shade in regions where summers are extremely hot.\n\nMarigolds are not at all fussy about soil, accepting poor to average soil\nwithout complaint as long as it is not constantly soggy. In fact, marigolds\nbloom more and better in poorer soil. Too rich a diet stimulates lush foliage\ngrowth at the expense of flowers. ________________________________________\n\nPLANT HISTORY\n\nMarigolds and the W. Atlee Burpee Seed Company are practically synonymous. As\nearly as 1905 Burpee offered the first truly double large marigold 'Lemon\nGold' (once available as an heirloom variety).\n\nBurpee has always been in the forefront of marigold breeding, improving plant\nheat and drought resistance as well as developing new colors and forms. In\n1939, Burpee introduced the first hybrid marigold, followed within a few years\nby a maroon-streaked, yellow French marigold. As part of its longtime search\nfor a true white marigold, Burpee launched a national contest in 1954. The\n$10,000 prize for the seed of a truly white marigold was finally awarded to an\nIowa gardener in 1975. David Burpee, son of the company founder, W. Atlee,\nlaunched an energetic campaign to have the marigold designated as the national\nflower. In the end, rose enthusiasts carried the day. Nevertheless, Burpee's\nmarigolds continue to be hugely popular in American yards and gardens.\n________________________________________\n\nMARIGOLD SEEDS OR PLANTS?-Shop all Marigolds\n\nWith seeds so easy to handle, marigolds are frequently used in gardening\nprograms for children or the elderly. While it is very easy, starting\nmarigolds from seed indoors offers no real advantage because they germinate so\nquickly outdoors. Seeds sown directly into the garden about 1-inch apart\nsprout within days in warm weather and plants bloom in about 8 weeks. For best\nresults, thin or transplant young marigolds while they are still small,\nspacing French and Signet types 8 to 10 inches apart. Larger American\nvarieties should be at least 10 to 12 inches apart. Marigolds grown in\ncontainers can become a bit crowded.\n\nBurpee offers a nice collection of their marigolds as Sure Start Plants.\nGarden centers also offer young marigold plants in celled packs of 6 or 8\nplants for spring planting. For a good show of the tall types right away, buy\nmore mature American varieties in individual pots.\n________________________________________\n\nCULTIVATION\n\nPlant or transplant young marigold plants outdoors after all danger of frost\nis past and the soil has warmed and dried out a bit. French and signet types\ncan be planted anytime through midsummer but the tall American marigolds are\nbest planted right away in the spring because they are slower to mature. Plant\non an overcast day to protect the marigold seedlings from the stress of hot\nsun while they cope with transplant shock. Prepare the soil by digging down\nabout 6 inches to loosen and aerate it. Remove stones and debris and mix in\nsome granular fertilizer. A 5-10-5 works fine. Set each marigold plant in a\nhole the size of its rootball and firm soil gently over the roots for support.\nThen thoroughly water each plant. Plant marigolds in containers in a soilless\npotting medium. Either mix in slow-acting granular fertilizer at planting time\nor plan to water in diluted liquid fertilizer periodically.\n________________________________________\n\nMARIGOLD GROWING TIPS\n\nA one or two inch layer of any organic material spread over the bare soil\nbetween marigold plants will discourage weeds and help keep soil moist. This\nmulch is most helpful when plants are young before their foliage grows bushy\nand shades the soil. Water marigold plants when they are first planted and\nduring period of high heat and drought.\n\nWhile it is not essential, snipping off the dead blossoms of American type\nmarigolds improves their appearance and stimulates new blooming. Also, as\nsturdy as they are, American types sometimes need staking to withstand strong\nwinds and heavy rains, or disturbance from foot traffic. Choose unobtrusive\nsmall stakes, about 2 feet long and insert them in the soil next to the stem\nof each plant deeply enough so that they are a bit shorter than the full\nheight of the mature marigold plants. Loop soft fabric or plastic ties around\nthe stake, then the stem and tie to the stake.\n________________________________________\n\nINSECTS & DISEASES\n\nMarigolds have few disease and pest problems if they are properly grown.\nOccasionally soggy soil or pest insects will induce one of several fungal\ninfections, signaled by discolored spots, a coating of mildew or wilting on\nthe foliage. The best defense is to keep down weeds and to plant marigold\nwhere drainage is good. American marigolds tend to be more susceptible than\nother types to problems.\n\nMites and aphids sometimes infest marigolds. Usually a spray of water or an\ninsecticidal soap, repeated every other day for a week or two, will solve the\nproblem. ________________________________________\n\nMARIGOLD HARVEST TIPS\n\nMarigolds make excellent cut flowers for both live and dried arrangements. For\nlive bouquets, cut newly opened blooms early in the morning and immediately\nset the stems in a jar of warm water. Later, strip the stems of lower leaves\nthat might foul the water and arrange the flowers in a vase with fresh water.\nMarigolds will last up to a week- even longer if you add some floral\npreservative to the vase water.\n\nMarigolds are great for dried arrangements and floral crafts. Cut perfect\nblossoms at their peak; remove foliage from the stems; and hang upside down in\na warm, dry place such as an attic until dry. The flowers will shrink a bit,\nbut their color will remain strong. Insert wire into the marigold stems if\nneeded for support in an arrangement. ________________________________________\n\nRECIPES & STORAGE\n\nSignet marigolds appear on many lists of edible flowers. The petals from their\ntiny flowers add bright color and a spicy tang to tossed salads. Chopped, the\npetals make a tangy garnish for boiled eggs, steamed vegetables or fish\ndishes. Use only homegrown flowers to insure they are free of chemical\npesticides. Use caution if you tend to be allergic to various grasses and\nother plants.\n\nRead the next Article: All About Sunflowers\n\nRelated Products\n\nQuick View\n\nMarigold, Fireball\n\nBUY NOW >\n\nQuick View\n\nMarigold, French Vanilla Hybrid\n\nBUY NOW >\n\nQuick View\n\nMarigold, Jaguar\n\nBUY NOW >\n\nRelated Articles\n\n * Marigold History\n * Cut Flower Basics\n * Flower Gardens\n\nRelated Categories\n\n * Marigolds\n * Heirloom Marigolds\n * Double French Marigolds\n\n#### Personalize Your Site:\n\nEnter your zip code to:\n\n * Find your growing zone.\n * See best products for your region.\n * Show accurate product shipping dates.\n\nClear my Zip Code\n\nReturn to\n\n * Garden Tips and Advice\n\nTools and Resources\n\n * Regional Reporters\n * Ratings & Reviews\n * Garden Showcase\n * Carbohydrate Chart\n * Nutrition Guide\n * Soil Testing\n * Growing Calendar\n * Question and Answer\n\nGardening Tip of the Day\n\n * Here’s a great way to get the kids involved in feeding wild birds. The recipe is quick and easy.\n\nSuet Pudding\n\nIngredients:\n\n3 cups oats, 1 cup currants, 1 oz. grated cheese,\n\n1 oz. bird seed, 1/2 lb. of beef fat or margarine.\n\n * Melt the fat and stir in all other ingredients.\n * Pour into margarine tubs or other similar containers.\n * Allow mixture to set. Thread a length of string through two holes in the bottom of the container. It will make hanging this nutritious food easy.\n\nHang the feeder close to a window where you will be able to enjoy the birds\nclose-up.\n\nNote:\n\nOnce you start to feed birds, you must continue to do so on a regular basis.\nSmall birds will come to rely on this source of food. In a really harsh spell\nof weather, it is the hunger that kills, not the cold.\n\nRecently Viewed Items\n\n(\n\nWhat is this?\n\n)\n\nproduct name\n\nproduct name\n\nproduct name\n\n" } ]
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How To Play The Game (Mind Game)
If you want to play the Game, a popular mind game, avoid thinking about the Game or else you will lose. If you do think of the Game, even for a minute, announce your losses to someone nearby by saying "I lost the Game." To win the Game, you should try to make others think about the Game while not thinking of the Game yourself. For example, you could wear a t-shirt or hat that mentions the Game so others will read your shirt and lose. However, no one really "wins" so the best you can hope for is to avoid losing for periods of time.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20201125213335/http://ilostthegame.org/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150203083506/http://danwegner.net/seed.htm" ]
train
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[ { "original_url": "http://ilostthegame.org/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201125213335/http://ilostthegame.org/", "parsed_text": { "title": "You just lost The Game!", "passages": [ "Welcome to ILostTheGame.org, an online sanctuary for the most fantastic, the most revolutionary, the most intangible game on Earth: The Game.", "The Game is an abstract concept. It involves no tangible objects, nor is it played on any physical medium. It exists in the minds of those who play it, and it never ends. That's right, you can never win The Game (though this is debatable). To learn how to play, visit the rules section.", "The site has been completely redone. The new site functions very smoothly and will allow me to expand and add new features more easily.", "An upcoming feature to the site will be a forum where members can have discussions about The Game and other various topics.", "It is possible that I will also make an iPhone app for ILostTheGame.org. It will most likely be a web-optimized app, but I may make a native app if there's demand for one." ] }, "parsed_md": "ILostTheGame.org - You just lost The Game!\n\nHome\n\nMembers\n\nStories\n\nRules\n\nHistory\n\nShirts\n\nContact\n\nInvite Someone\n\n# You just lost The Game!\n\nWelcome to ILostTheGame.org, an online sanctuary for the most fantastic, the\nmost revolutionary, the most intangible game on Earth: The Game.\n\n## What is The Game?\n\nThe Game is an abstract concept. It involves no tangible objects, nor is it\nplayed on any physical medium. It exists in the minds of those who play it,\nand it never ends. That's right, you can never win The Game (though this is\ndebatable). To learn how to play, visit the rules section.\n\nRecent Site Updates\n\n * The site has been completely redone. The new site functions very smoothly and will allow me to expand and add new features more easily.\n * An upcoming feature to the site will be a forum where members can have discussions about The Game and other various topics.\n * I will be making a Facebook app allowing members to do account-related things via Facebook.\n * It is possible that I will also make an iPhone app for ILostTheGame.org. It will most likely be a web-optimized app, but I may make a native app if there's demand for one.\n * Last but not least, T-shirts are on their way. They should be available shortly.\n * Any other ideas/comments/suggestions, please feel free to contact me.\n\n© 2020 ILostTheGame.org. A B-Ham Dash.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://danwegner.net/seed.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150203083506/http://danwegner.net/seed.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "", "passages": [ "According to Aristotle, the classic Greek tragedies tell stories of good people whose nature contains the seed of their own undoing. The research that my colleagues, students, and I have been conducting on mental control reveals the outline of just such a seed in the psychological processes that operate when people try to control their own minds. This seed is not quite tragic, as it does not always lead to wholesale undoing. However, it is certainly ironic --and we have been using the term \"ironic process\" to describe it.", "The possibility that there might be an ironic process in mental control is easy to grasp in the case of thought suppression. A person who is asked to stop thinking about a white bear, for example, will typically think about it repeatedly as a result. In the first studies of this phenomenon (conducted with David Schneider, Sam Carter, and Teri White), we used stream-of- consciousness reports during suppression to measure this recurrence, but this suppression-induced preoccupation has now been found with less conspicuous methods. People who are trying not to think of an emotional thought such as sex, for example, show an increase in electrodermal response-as much as they do when they are specifically trying to focus on that thought. Under some conditions, suppression yields even more intense levels of preoccupation with a thought than does concentration.", "People trying not to think about a target thought show such hyperaccessibility --the tendency for the thought to come to mind more readily even than a thought that is the focus of intentional concentration--when they are put under an additional mental load or stress. In several studies using the Stroop color-word paradigm (conducted with Ralph Erber and Sophia Zanakos), for example, we have found that trying not to think about a target word under conditions of mental load makes people unusually slow at identifying the color in which the word is presented. The word jumps into mind before the color and interferes with naming it. By this measure, unwanted thoughts are found to be more accessible than other comparison thoughts. And the ironic effect announces itself with a reversal of this finding under load for concentration: On average, any thought at all is more accessible than the concentration target.", "Both of these observations can be explained by an ironic automatic process in the mind. The attempt to suppress a thought seems to conjure up an ironic psychological process that then works against the very intention that set it in motion. The suppressed thought is brought to mind in sporadic intrusions because of this sensitivity. The attempt to concentrate on a thought, in turn, seems to introduce an ironic psychological process that works against the intention to concentrate, and that therefore enhances the accessibility of everything other than the concentration target.", "Why might such ironic processes occur? One way of accounting for these findings is to suggest that ironic processes are part of the machinery of mental control. It may be that in any attempt to control our minds, two processes are instituted--an operating process that works quite consciously and effortfully to carry out our desire, and an ironic process that works unconsciously and less effortfully to check on whether the operating process is failing and needs renewal.", "In the case of thought suppression, for instance, the operating process involves the conscious and labored search for distracters-as we try to fasten our minds on anything other than the unwanted thought-whereas the ironic process is an automatic search for the unwanted thought itself. The ironic process is a monitor of sorts, a checker that determines whether the operating process is needed, but that also has a tendency to influence the accessibility of conscious mental contents. It ironically enhances the sensitivity of the mind to the very thought that is being suppressed.", "An ironic process theory can explain far more than the paradox of thought suppression- indeed, something like this might vex most everything we try to do with our minds. If the ironic process is inherent in the control system whereby we secure whatever mental control we do enjoy, then it ought to be evident across many domains in which we do have some success in controlling our minds. However, because the operating process requires conscious effort and mental resources, it can be undermined by distraction and evidence of ironic processes will then arise. When people undertake to control their minds while they are burdened by mental loads--such as distracters, stress, or time pressure--the result should often be the opposite of what they intend.", "Studies in our laboratory have uncovered evidence of ironic effects in several domains. Ironic mood effects occur, for example, when people attempt to control their moods while they are under mental load. Individuals following instructions to try to make themselves happy become sad, whereas those trying to make themselves sad actually experience buoyed mood. Ironic effects also surface in the self-control of anxiety. People trying to relax under load show psychophysiological indications of anxiousness, whereas those not trying to relax show fewer such indications. And ironic effects also occur in the control of sleep. People who are encouraged to \"fall asleep as quickly as you can\" as they listen to raucous, distracting music stay awake longer than those who are not given such encouragement. Ironic effects also accrue in the control of movement, arising when people try to keep a handheld pendulum from moving in a certain direction, or when they try to keep from overshooting a golf putt. In both cases, an imposition of mental load makes individuals more likely to commit exactly the unwanted action.", "Research in other laboratories has revealed further ironic effects. Studies by Neil Macrae, Galen Bodenhausen, Alan Milne, and their colleagues, for instance, have established several remarkable ironic effects in the mental control of stereotyping and prejudice. People who are trying not to stereotype a skinhead as they form an impression of him, for example, show greater stereotyping under mental load. Individuals in this circumstance have been found to avoid even sitting near the skinhead as well. And people under mental load who are specifically trying to forget the stereotypical characteristics of a person (in a directed forgetting study) have been found more likely to recall those characteristics than are people without such load.", "Ironic effects observed in yet other laboratories lend further credence to the basic idea. In work by Jeff Greenberg, Tom Pyszczynski, Sheldon Solomon, Jamie Arndt and their colleagues, for example, distraction tasks imposed after people have been asked to reflect for a while on their own death have revealed high levels of accessibility of death-related thoughts. This series of experiments suggests that people who are prompted to think about death turn shortly thereafter to the strategy of suppressing such thoughts even without instruction to do so-and thus suffer ironic returns of the thought. Related findings reported by Leonard Newman, Kimberly Duff, and Roy Baumeister indicate that people under mental load who are forming impressions of a person will project a personality trait onto the target when they are suppressing thoughts of the trait-whether in response to suppression instructions, or spontaneously because they dislike the trait in themselves.", "These studies illustrate how it is that we can, on occasion, cultivate the seed of our own undoing. To begin with, we apparently need good intentions. Like Aristotle's tragic hero, the individual attempting mental control often does so for good cause--in hopes of achieving high performance, moral ends, or at least mental peace. People often begin on the path toward ironic effects when they try to exercise good intentions-to behave effectively, to avoid prejudice, to be happy, to relax, to avoid negative thoughts or thoughts of personal shortcomings, or even just to sleep. The simple adoption of a goal is no sin, but this turns out to be the first step toward ironic effects.", "The next step in cultivating the seed, as illustrated in this research, is the pursuit of such noble goals in the face of a shortage of mental resources. When there is insufficient time and thought available to achieve the chosen intention, people do not merely fail to produce the mental control they desire. Rather, the ironic process goes beyond \"no change\" to produce an actual reversal. The opposite happens. These studies indicate, in sum, that ironic effects are precipitated when we try to do more than we can with our minds. Why would we do such a thing? At the extreme, we do this when we are desperate: We will try to achieve a particular sort of mental control even though we are mentally exhausted.", "These straits are, of course, highly reminiscent of the circumstances of many people suffering from various forms of psychological disorder. It makes sense that people who are anxious, depressed, traumatized, obsessed, or those with disorders of sleep, eating, movement, or the like, might frequently try to overcome their symptoms-and might also be inclined to attempt such control even under adverse conditions of stress or distraction.", "Evidence from correlational studies conducted in my laboratory and elsewhere suggests a possible role for ironic processes in several such forms of psychopathology. We know from such correlations that attempts to avoid unwanted symptoms are often highly associated with those symptoms. The most obvious explanation of these associations is that people who experience unwanted mental states attempt to control them. But the more subtle and important possibility, as yet untested in large-scale studies, is that the attempt to control unwanted mental states plays a role in perpetuating them. The experiments showing that mental control attempts can yield laboratory analogs of unwanted mental states provide one basis for this conclusion.", "Another line of evidence suggesting a role for ironic processes in the etiology of some disorders comes from studies of what happens when mental control is rescinded. The best examples of such work are the series of experiments by James Pennebaker and colleagues. When people in these studies are encouraged to express their deepest thoughts and feelings in writing, they experience subsequent improvements in psychological and physical health. Expressing oneself in this way involves relinquishing the pursuit of mental control, and so eliminates a key requirement for the production of ironic effects. After all, as suggested in other studies conducted in my lab with Julie Lane and Laura Smart, the motive to keep one's thoughts and personal characteristics secret is strongly linked with mental control. Disclosing these things to others, or even in writing to oneself, is the first step toward abandoning what may be an overweening and futile quest to control one's own thoughts and emotions.", "When we relax the desire for the control of our minds, the seeds of our undoing may remain uncultivated, perhaps then to dry up and blow away." ] }, "parsed_md": "The Seed of Our Undoing by Daniel M. Wegner \n \n--- \n \nAccording to Aristotle, the classic Greek tragedies tell stories of good\npeople whose nature contains the seed of their own undoing. The research that\nmy colleagues, students, and I have been conducting on mental control reveals\nthe outline of just such a seed in the psychological processes that operate\nwhen people try to control their own minds. This seed is not quite tragic, as\nit does not always lead to wholesale undoing. However, it is certainly ironic\n--and we have been using the term \"ironic process\" to describe it.\n\nThe Irony of Not Thinking\n\nThe possibility that there might be an ironic process in mental control is\neasy to grasp in the case of thought suppression. A person who is asked to\nstop thinking about a white bear, for example, will typically think about it\nrepeatedly as a result. In the first studies of this phenomenon (conducted\nwith David Schneider, Sam Carter, and Teri White), we used stream-of-\nconsciousness reports during suppression to measure this recurrence, but this\nsuppression-induced preoccupation has now been found with less conspicuous\nmethods. People who are trying not to think of an emotional thought such as\nsex, for example, show an increase in electrodermal response-as much as they\ndo when they are specifically trying to focus on that thought. Under some\nconditions, suppression yields even more intense levels of preoccupation with\na thought than does concentration.\n\nPeople trying not to think about a target thought show such hyperaccessibility\n--the tendency for the thought to come to mind more readily even than a\nthought that is the focus of intentional concentration--when they are put\nunder an additional mental load or stress. In several studies using the Stroop\ncolor-word paradigm (conducted with Ralph Erber and Sophia Zanakos), for\nexample, we have found that trying not to think about a target word under\nconditions of mental load makes people unusually slow at identifying the color\nin which the word is presented. The word jumps into mind before the color and\ninterferes with naming it. By this measure, unwanted thoughts are found to be\nmore accessible than other comparison thoughts. And the ironic effect\nannounces itself with a reversal of this finding under load for concentration:\nOn average, any thought at all is more accessible than the concentration\ntarget.\n\nBoth of these observations can be explained by an ironic automatic process in\nthe mind. The attempt to suppress a thought seems to conjure up an ironic\npsychological process that then works against the very intention that set it\nin motion. The suppressed thought is brought to mind in sporadic intrusions\nbecause of this sensitivity. The attempt to concentrate on a thought, in turn,\nseems to introduce an ironic psychological process that works against the\nintention to concentrate, and that therefore enhances the accessibility of\neverything other than the concentration target.\n\nWhy might such ironic processes occur? One way of accounting for these\nfindings is to suggest that ironic processes are part of the machinery of\nmental control. It may be that in any attempt to control our minds, two\nprocesses are instituted--an operating process that works quite consciously\nand effortfully to carry out our desire, and an ironic process that works\nunconsciously and less effortfully to check on whether the operating process\nis failing and needs renewal.\n\nIn the case of thought suppression, for instance, the operating process\ninvolves the conscious and labored search for distracters-as we try to fasten\nour minds on anything other than the unwanted thought-whereas the ironic\nprocess is an automatic search for the unwanted thought itself. The ironic\nprocess is a monitor of sorts, a checker that determines whether the operating\nprocess is needed, but that also has a tendency to influence the accessibility\nof conscious mental contents. It ironically enhances the sensitivity of the\nmind to the very thought that is being suppressed.\n\nVarieties of Irony\n\nAn ironic process theory can explain far more than the paradox of thought\nsuppression- indeed, something like this might vex most everything we try to\ndo with our minds. If the ironic process is inherent in the control system\nwhereby we secure whatever mental control we do enjoy, then it ought to be\nevident across many domains in which we do have some success in controlling\nour minds. However, because the operating process requires conscious effort\nand mental resources, it can be undermined by distraction and evidence of\nironic processes will then arise. When people undertake to control their minds\nwhile they are burdened by mental loads--such as distracters, stress, or time\npressure--the result should often be the opposite of what they intend.\n\nStudies in our laboratory have uncovered evidence of ironic effects in several\ndomains. Ironic mood effects occur, for example, when people attempt to\ncontrol their moods while they are under mental load. Individuals following\ninstructions to try to make themselves happy become sad, whereas those trying\nto make themselves sad actually experience buoyed mood. Ironic effects also\nsurface in the self-control of anxiety. People trying to relax under load show\npsychophysiological indications of anxiousness, whereas those not trying to\nrelax show fewer such indications. And ironic effects also occur in the\ncontrol of sleep. People who are encouraged to \"fall asleep as quickly as you\ncan\" as they listen to raucous, distracting music stay awake longer than those\nwho are not given such encouragement. Ironic effects also accrue in the\ncontrol of movement, arising when people try to keep a handheld pendulum from\nmoving in a certain direction, or when they try to keep from overshooting a\ngolf putt. In both cases, an imposition of mental load makes individuals more\nlikely to commit exactly the unwanted action.\n\nResearch in other laboratories has revealed further ironic effects. Studies by\nNeil Macrae, Galen Bodenhausen, Alan Milne, and their colleagues, for\ninstance, have established several remarkable ironic effects in the mental\ncontrol of stereotyping and prejudice. People who are trying not to stereotype\na skinhead as they form an impression of him, for example, show greater\nstereotyping under mental load. Individuals in this circumstance have been\nfound to avoid even sitting near the skinhead as well. And people under mental\nload who are specifically trying to forget the stereotypical characteristics\nof a person (in a directed forgetting study) have been found more likely to\nrecall those characteristics than are people without such load.\n\nIronic effects observed in yet other laboratories lend further credence to the\nbasic idea. In work by Jeff Greenberg, Tom Pyszczynski, Sheldon Solomon, Jamie\nArndt and their colleagues, for example, distraction tasks imposed after\npeople have been asked to reflect for a while on their own death have revealed\nhigh levels of accessibility of death-related thoughts. This series of\nexperiments suggests that people who are prompted to think about death turn\nshortly thereafter to the strategy of suppressing such thoughts even without\ninstruction to do so-and thus suffer ironic returns of the thought. Related\nfindings reported by Leonard Newman, Kimberly Duff, and Roy Baumeister\nindicate that people under mental load who are forming impressions of a person\nwill project a personality trait onto the target when they are suppressing\nthoughts of the trait-whether in response to suppression instructions, or\nspontaneously because they dislike the trait in themselves.\n\nCultivating the Seed\n\nThese studies illustrate how it is that we can, on occasion, cultivate the\nseed of our own undoing. To begin with, we apparently need good intentions.\nLike Aristotle's tragic hero, the individual attempting mental control often\ndoes so for good cause--in hopes of achieving high performance, moral ends, or\nat least mental peace. People often begin on the path toward ironic effects\nwhen they try to exercise good intentions-to behave effectively, to avoid\nprejudice, to be happy, to relax, to avoid negative thoughts or thoughts of\npersonal shortcomings, or even just to sleep. The simple adoption of a goal is\nno sin, but this turns out to be the first step toward ironic effects.\n\nThe next step in cultivating the seed, as illustrated in this research, is the\npursuit of such noble goals in the face of a shortage of mental resources.\nWhen there is insufficient time and thought available to achieve the chosen\nintention, people do not merely fail to produce the mental control they\ndesire. Rather, the ironic process goes beyond \"no change\" to produce an\nactual reversal. The opposite happens. These studies indicate, in sum, that\nironic effects are precipitated when we try to do more than we can with our\nminds. Why would we do such a thing? At the extreme, we do this when we are\ndesperate: We will try to achieve a particular sort of mental control even\nthough we are mentally exhausted.\n\nThese straits are, of course, highly reminiscent of the circumstances of many\npeople suffering from various forms of psychological disorder. It makes sense\nthat people who are anxious, depressed, traumatized, obsessed, or those with\ndisorders of sleep, eating, movement, or the like, might frequently try to\novercome their symptoms-and might also be inclined to attempt such control\neven under adverse conditions of stress or distraction.\n\nEvidence from correlational studies conducted in my laboratory and elsewhere\nsuggests a possible role for ironic processes in several such forms of\npsychopathology. We know from such correlations that attempts to avoid\nunwanted symptoms are often highly associated with those symptoms. The most\nobvious explanation of these associations is that people who experience\nunwanted mental states attempt to control them. But the more subtle and\nimportant possibility, as yet untested in large-scale studies, is that the\nattempt to control unwanted mental states plays a role in perpetuating them.\nThe experiments showing that mental control attempts can yield laboratory\nanalogs of unwanted mental states provide one basis for this conclusion.\n\nAnother line of evidence suggesting a role for ironic processes in the\netiology of some disorders comes from studies of what happens when mental\ncontrol is rescinded. The best examples of such work are the series of\nexperiments by James Pennebaker and colleagues. When people in these studies\nare encouraged to express their deepest thoughts and feelings in writing, they\nexperience subsequent improvements in psychological and physical health.\nExpressing oneself in this way involves relinquishing the pursuit of mental\ncontrol, and so eliminates a key requirement for the production of ironic\neffects. After all, as suggested in other studies conducted in my lab with\nJulie Lane and Laura Smart, the motive to keep one's thoughts and personal\ncharacteristics secret is strongly linked with mental control. Disclosing\nthese things to others, or even in writing to oneself, is the first step\ntoward abandoning what may be an overweening and futile quest to control one's\nown thoughts and emotions.\n\nWhen we relax the desire for the control of our minds, the seeds of our\nundoing may remain uncultivated, perhaps then to dry up and blow away. \n \nFrom Psychological Science Agenda, January/February, 1999, 10-11.\n\nView this page in Romanian courtesy of azoft \n \nBack\n\n" } ]
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How To Become Famous on the Internet
To become famous on the internet, choose something your good at, like making videos, streaming game play, or writing articles. You should also create content based on your interests, like sports or music. Additionally, create high-quality content that will attract viewers by always proofreading any written articles you publish and making sure any videos you create are high definition. Next, set up a personal blog or website so your content is easily accessible. Then, interact with your fans on a daily basis through social media, which will inspire them to keep visiting your page.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507230506/https://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/11/internet-famous-becoming-an-online-celebrity/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210516194020/https://www.whoishostingthis.com/blog/2014/09/08/internet-famous/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20191029142248/https://www.pewinternet.org/2015/08/19/the-demographics-of-social-media-users/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210206081015/https://www.linkdex.com/en-us/inked/10-exceptional-examples-of-brand-communities/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210625044146/https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/popular", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210617031123/https://time.com/3732203/the-30-most-influential-people-on-the-internet/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506170117/https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-to-become-an-online-celebrityand-get-paid-for-it-1422244842", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200520181605/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/social-issues/how-to-become-internet-famous-in-under-a-year/2016/01/12/09280804-b873-11e5-b682-4bb4dd403c7d_story.html?utm_term=.8d7dd8122ce0", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210121233927/https://firstwefeast.com/eat/instagram-food-hashtag-taxonomy/foodporn", "http://web.archive.org/web/20200516141353/https://www.businessinsider.com/15-of-the-highest-paid-professional-gamers-2014-5?op=1/" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/11/internet-famous-becoming-an-online-celebrity/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507230506/https://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/11/internet-famous-becoming-an-online-celebrity/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Internet Famous: Becoming an Online Celebrity", "passages": [ "Some people dream of being famous from the time they’re quite young. They crave the spotlight, and will do anything to be the center of attention.", "They want nothing more than to become a celebrity, to have legions of adoring fans, and to have their name recognized the world over.", "For others, fame is a means to an end. They want to be famous so people will buy their product, hire them to do something they love, or to influence others to support a cause they really care about.", "They see promoting themselves and becoming a celebrity as a way to further their career, business, or other efforts, and nothing more. In many cases, these people would prefer not to be famous if they could be as effective in other ways.", "Whichever category you fall into, if you’re reading this article you’re probably interested in becoming an Internet celebrity. Read on to find out more.", "As mentioned above, some people want to be famous as a means to an end while others just want to be famous. But why would you want to be Internet famous instead of old-fashioned, mainstream-media famous?", "In all likelihood, becoming traditional-famous will require you to move somewhere celebrities live (like Los Angeles or New York), spend all your time trying to gain media attention, and then it’s hit-or-miss at best.", "Unless you’ve got a family fortune, are incredibly gorgeous, and/or are incredibly talented and driven (and have a whole lot of luck on your side), you could spend years trying to get attention with no results.", "It doesn’t cost a lot (most of the technologies you’ll need to use are completely free, and those that aren’t you likely already have access to). And it doesn’t have to become a full time job.", "Another great thing about Internet fame is that it’s fairly easy to get your followers and fans to actually do something you ask them to do.", "When you ask someone to buy your product or donate to your cause in a newspaper article, they’re not in a position to do so immediately. They’ll have to put the newspaper down, and either go to the store or go online and purchase or donate. In all likelihood, they’ll put it on their mental to-do list and then forget all about it half an hour later.", "But with Internet fame, if you ask someone in a blog post or a tweet or a Facebook update to click on a link to buy something (or donate, or read something, or share something), it’s very easy for them to follow through. All they have to do is click. It makes immediate action that much more likely.", "Taking a week or two to make some initial preparations before you start your quest to become Internet famous can save you a lot of headaches and hassles down the road. There are a few things you’ll need to do to optimize your chances of success.", "First of all, you’ll need to have a niche. It’s pretty tough to become Internet famous these days if you’re trying to appeal to everyone.", "If you have a product or cause you’re trying to promote, this makes choosing a niche easier (you want to appeal to those people who would be your customers or donors). But if you just want to be famous to be famous, you’ll need to give it more thought.", "Pick something you’re interested in or knowledgeable about. Whatever you do, make sure the niche you choose is something you’re passionate about. That passion will shine through in your online activities and help get your followers excited.", "Also, try to adapt your personality to appeal to your potential fans. This doesn’t mean you need to change who you are, but simply to emphasize one or another aspect of your personality over the others.", "A good profile picture or avatar is really important. You should take a photo that shows you in the light you want to portray yourself in.", "If you’re trying to come across as professional, make sure your avatar pic is professional. That doesn’t necessarily mean you have to have a photo that’s stuffy, but it should reflect a professional attitude (see the photo below for a good example).", "If you’re trying to become famous in order to help stop global warming, make sure your profile picture doesn’t show you sitting in an SUV (even if it is a hybrid). If your online persona is supposed to be wacky or crazy, make your profile pic reflect that.", "So you’ve decided to become an online celebrity. That’s great. But you’re probably wondering how, exactly, you’re supposed to do that.", "Below is a great list of the social media technologies out there and how you can take advantage of each. This is an abbreviated list and doesn’t include everything to know about each, but it’s a good starting point and will get you going in the right direction.", "Blogs If you’re considering becoming an online celeb, you really need to have a blog. Whether you choose to go with a free, hosted blog (like WordPress.com or Tumblr) or host your own, a blog is an important part of your online presence. Use it to let your fans know about all the things you’re doing online and off.", "Microblogging Twitter or similar services are another important place to share information about your activities with your fans. Twitter is the most popular, so an account there is probably your best bet.", "Multimedia Branching out into multimedia content can go a long way toward getting people excited about what you have to say. Consider video (including video blogging, aka vlogging), podcasts, or even photo sharing to become even more known.", "Social Networks You’ll want to join at least one social network, and depending on your niche, you may want to join more than one. There are two basic kinds of social network: general networks that attract a wide range of people, and specialized networks that focus on a particular subject area or niche. Join a general one (Facebook is a good all-around option; MySpace is good if you’re somehow related to the music industry; LinkedIn is best for professionals and corporate types), and any specialized networks that are active in your niche.", "Social Bookmarking and News Using social bookmarking and news sites can be a great way to get your content out to potential fans and followers. If you build a reputation for disseminating high-quality content, other users will be more likely to vote up or share the content you submit.", "Well, the short answer is to consistenly create high-quality content. Think of what your fans potential fans are interested in. What kinds of content do they like? What kinds of things are they looking for online? What are they not getting anywhere else?", "Answer those and you’ll have a good idea of what you need to do to keep your fans happy and gain new fans.", "Creating a strategy for your social media efforts can really pay off. Rather than taking a hap-hazzard, shotgun-style approach, come up with a plan for how to best-focus your online efforts. By doing this, you’ll waste less time and likely see better results.", "Start out by deciding which technologies you want to use. Blogs are a must, as are social networks. Microblogging is another one you should seriously consider. But what you do beyond that is entirely a matter of personal choice. Think about it and decide what you’re most comfortable with. Not everyone likes doing video or audio. Not everyone is a great photographer. That’s fine. You don’t have to be to be Internet famous.", "Once you’ve decided which platforms you want to use, and have signed up for accounts on each, you’ll want to decide how much time you can devote to your efforts each day.", "Keeping a blog updated on a regular basis, participating in social networks, and microblogging can all be done in an hour a day or less (though you should probably break that down in two 30-minute sessions or four 15-minute sessions for better results and to give the impression you’re active a lot more than you really are).", "If you want to do podcasts or videos, you might want to devote another couple of hours each week to their production.", "Let’s say you’re going to spend an hour each day, in four 15-minute chunks. Your social media strategy might look something like this:", "Lunchtime 15 minutes: Write a blog post. Send out another tweet (announcing the post preferably). Update status on social networks.", "There are various tools that can help you do these things faster (like TweetDeck or Ping.fm, which let you update your social networks and Twitter at the same time).", "There are also services where you can pre-schedule updates, spreading them out over the whole day even if you’re not online. Take advantage to the technology you have available to you to simplify and automate your social media efforts as much as is practically possible.", "You might not have dedicated times to update your online activities. If you use a cell phone to update your status or to tweet, you’ll likely be able to post updates throughout the day. Or you might dedicate a couple hours each weekend to writing blog posts for the week.", "This can make it quite a bit easier to stay updated without having to dedicate blocks of time to these activities. Just make sure you’re consistent, and that you post updates on a daily basis (keeping a daily checklist of sites to update can be helpful).", "So, you’ve got a Facebook account, a Twitter feed, and a blog, and you update them all regularly. Is that really all there is to it?", "Well, yes and no. Becoming Internet Famous requires a bit more than just regular updates. There’s no tried-and-true formula that will work every time.", "It’s going to depend on the platforms you use, how much time you can devote to your efforts, and a bit of luck. But here are some key things you can do to improve your odds.", "Let your personality shine through Everyone has a personality, and one key to setting yourself apart is to let yours show. Don’t be afraid to let your followers and fans see the real you. When someone feels like they’re dealing with a real person, rather than someone who’s faking it for attention, they’re more likely to become a true fan, someone who will become an advocate for you and your content and push it out to their own friends and followers (thereby creating an even bigger fanbase for you).", "Engage your followers When you start getting some Twitter followers or Facebook friends or blog commenters, make sure you engage with them. Have conversations. Ask for their input. Respond to what they’re saying. This makes people remember who you are more easily, and makes it more likely they’ll turn to you when they need advice in your area of expertise.", "Be passionate If you’re passionate about what you’re doing and what you’re talking about, that will be evident in the content you produce. Fans and followers like someone who is passionate about what they do; in fact, it can be contagious. If they see that you’re really into something, they’re more likely to want to find out why you love it so much and to become interested in it themselves.", "Make your fans care This is really an extension of the previous two, but give your fans a reason to care about what you’re doing. This is done through being authentic and building trust among your fans (so they know what you’re saying is real), being passionate about what you say and do, and asking for their input, advice, and take on what you’re doing. If you involve your followers in your online life, rather than simply using social media as a soapbox, you’ll quickly turn casual followers into fans.", "It’s a process You’re probably not going to gain Internet fame overnight. While there are some who have done it, many of them have gone on to become one-hit wonders, better known for some extreme antics, embarrassment, or humiliation than for anything worthwhile. Instead, look at the long view when it comes to building up a fan-base and really cultivating a following that will not only know who you are, but will care what you have to say.", "Know when to call it quits Not every effort you make online is going to be successful. Maybe you’ll find after doing a few podcasts that it’s just not your thing. Or maybe you’ll find that even though you’re enjoying something, it’s just not providing any results (make sure you give these things a few months though, as some take a bit longer to catch on). Maybe you’ll even decide that there just aren’t enough potential followers out there for your chosen niche (or that they’re all too preoccupied with someone else in your niche that you just can’t seem to outdo). In any case, know when it’s time to move on to something else. This doesn’t mean you need to give up your dream of being Internet famous, only that you need to re-evaluate how you’re going about it and adjust your strategy.", "The information above only scratches the surface of what you can do to become Internet famous. For more complete information, check out my book: Internet Famous: A Practical Guide to Becoming an Online Celebrity.", "Adobe Apple Apps Art Best Of Blogging Branding Business cartoons Clients Comics comics for designers Compilation CSS css3 Design design inspiration design trends Fonts free download free downloads free font free fonts free icons free resources free typeface freebie Freebies Freelancing Funny Google Graphic Design html5 Humor Icons illustration Inspiration JavaScript jQuery Photography Photoshop responsive design Social Media Typography Usability" ] }, "parsed_md": "Internet Famous: Becoming an Online Celebrity | Webdesigner Depot Webdesigner\nDepot » Blog Archive\n\nResources\n\n# Internet Famous: Becoming an Online Celebrity\n\nBy WDD Staff | Nov. 30, 2009\n\nSome people dream of being famous from the time they’re quite young. They\ncrave the spotlight, and will do anything to be the center of attention.\n\nThey want nothing more than to become a celebrity, to have legions of adoring\nfans, and to have their name recognized the world over.\n\nFor others, fame is a means to an end. They want to be famous so people will\nbuy their product, hire them to do something they love, or to influence others\nto support a cause they really care about.\n\nThey see promoting themselves and becoming a celebrity as a way to further\ntheir career, business, or other efforts, and nothing more. In many cases,\nthese people would prefer not to be famous if they could be as effective in\nother ways.\n\nWhichever category you fall into, if you’re reading this article you’re\nprobably interested in becoming an Internet celebrity. Read on to find out\nmore.\n\n## Why You’d Want to Be Internet Famous\n\nAs mentioned above, some people want to be famous as a means to an end while\nothers just want to be famous. But why would you want to be Internet famous\ninstead of old-fashioned, mainstream-media famous?\n\nWell, to some extent the question answers itself. Becoming famous in a\ntraditional sense is hard.\n\nIt takes a lot of time and a lot of money in most cases.\n\nIn all likelihood, becoming traditional-famous will require you to move\nsomewhere celebrities live (like Los Angeles or New York), spend all your time\ntrying to gain media attention, and then it’s hit-or-miss at best.\n\nUnless you’ve got a family fortune, are incredibly gorgeous, and/or are\nincredibly talented and driven (and have a whole lot of luck on your side),\nyou could spend years trying to get attention with no results.\n\nBut Internet fame is different. Virtually anyone can do it.\n\nIt doesn’t cost a lot (most of the technologies you’ll need to use are\ncompletely free, and those that aren’t you likely already have access to). And\nit doesn’t have to become a full time job.\n\nAnother great thing about Internet fame is that it’s fairly easy to get your\nfollowers and fans to actually do something you ask them to do.\n\nWhen you ask someone to buy your product or donate to your cause in a\nnewspaper article, they’re not in a position to do so immediately. They’ll\nhave to put the newspaper down, and either go to the store or go online and\npurchase or donate. In all likelihood, they’ll put it on their mental to-do\nlist and then forget all about it half an hour later.\n\nBut with Internet fame, if you ask someone in a blog post or a tweet or a\nFacebook update to click on a link to buy something (or donate, or read\nsomething, or share something), it’s very easy for them to follow through. All\nthey have to do is click. It makes immediate action that much more likely.\n\n## Some Initial Preparations\n\nTaking a week or two to make some initial preparations before you start your\nquest to become Internet famous can save you a lot of headaches and hassles\ndown the road. There are a few things you’ll need to do to optimize your\nchances of success.\n\n### Choose a Niche\n\nFirst of all, you’ll need to have a niche. It’s pretty tough to become\nInternet famous these days if you’re trying to appeal to everyone.\n\nIf you have a product or cause you’re trying to promote, this makes choosing a\nniche easier (you want to appeal to those people who would be your customers\nor donors). But if you just want to be famous to be famous, you’ll need to\ngive it more thought.\n\nPick something you’re interested in or knowledgeable about. Whatever you do,\nmake sure the niche you choose is something you’re passionate about. That\npassion will shine through in your online activities and help get your\nfollowers excited.\n\nAlso, try to adapt your personality to appeal to your potential fans. This\ndoesn’t mean you need to change who you are, but simply to emphasize one or\nanother aspect of your personality over the others.\n\n### Take a Good Profile Photo\n\nA good profile picture or avatar is really important. You should take a photo\nthat shows you in the light you want to portray yourself in.\n\nIf you’re trying to come across as professional, make sure your avatar pic is\nprofessional. That doesn’t necessarily mean you have to have a photo that’s\nstuffy, but it should reflect a professional attitude (see the photo below for\na good example).\n\nIf you’re trying to become famous in order to help stop global warming, make\nsure your profile picture doesn’t show you sitting in an SUV (even if it is a\nhybrid). If your online persona is supposed to be wacky or crazy, make your\nprofile pic reflect that.\n\n## Social Media Technologies to Use\n\nSo you’ve decided to become an online celebrity. That’s great. But you’re\nprobably wondering how, exactly, you’re supposed to do that.\n\nBelow is a great list of the social media technologies out there and how you\ncan take advantage of each. This is an abbreviated list and doesn’t include\neverything to know about each, but it’s a good starting point and will get you\ngoing in the right direction.\n\n * Blogs If you’re considering becoming an online celeb, you really need to have a blog. Whether you choose to go with a free, hosted blog (like WordPress.com or Tumblr) or host your own, a blog is an important part of your online presence. Use it to let your fans know about all the things you’re doing online and off.\n * Microblogging Twitter or similar services are another important place to share information about your activities with your fans. Twitter is the most popular, so an account there is probably your best bet.\n * Multimedia Branching out into multimedia content can go a long way toward getting people excited about what you have to say. Consider video (including video blogging, aka vlogging), podcasts, or even photo sharing to become even more known.\n * Social Networks You’ll want to join at least one social network, and depending on your niche, you may want to join more than one. There are two basic kinds of social network: general networks that attract a wide range of people, and specialized networks that focus on a particular subject area or niche. Join a general one (Facebook is a good all-around option; MySpace is good if you’re somehow related to the music industry; LinkedIn is best for professionals and corporate types), and any specialized networks that are active in your niche.\n * Social Bookmarking and News Using social bookmarking and news sites can be a great way to get your content out to potential fans and followers. If you build a reputation for disseminating high-quality content, other users will be more likely to vote up or share the content you submit.\n\nSo now that you know which platforms you should check out, how do you make the\nmost of them?\n\nWell, the short answer is to consistenly create high-quality content. Think of\nwhat your fans potential fans are interested in. What kinds of content do they\nlike? What kinds of things are they looking for online? What are they not\ngetting anywhere else?\n\nAnswer those and you’ll have a good idea of what you need to do to keep your\nfans happy and gain new fans.\n\n## Creating Your Social Media Strategy\n\nCreating a strategy for your social media efforts can really pay off. Rather\nthan taking a hap-hazzard, shotgun-style approach, come up with a plan for how\nto best-focus your online efforts. By doing this, you’ll waste less time and\nlikely see better results.\n\nStart out by deciding which technologies you want to use. Blogs are a must, as\nare social networks. Microblogging is another one you should seriously\nconsider. But what you do beyond that is entirely a matter of personal choice.\nThink about it and decide what you’re most comfortable with. Not everyone\nlikes doing video or audio. Not everyone is a great photographer. That’s fine.\nYou don’t have to be to be Internet famous.\n\nOnce you’ve decided which platforms you want to use, and have signed up for\naccounts on each, you’ll want to decide how much time you can devote to your\nefforts each day.\n\nKeeping a blog updated on a regular basis, participating in social networks,\nand microblogging can all be done in an hour a day or less (though you should\nprobably break that down in two 30-minute sessions or four 15-minute sessions\nfor better results and to give the impression you’re active a lot more than\nyou really are).\n\nIf you want to do podcasts or videos, you might want to devote another couple\nof hours each week to their production.\n\nLet’s say you’re going to spend an hour each day, in four 15-minute chunks.\nYour social media strategy might look something like this:\n\n * Morning 15 minutes: Check Twitter and blog comments. Send out a tweet or two. Respond to comments.\n * Lunchtime 15 minutes: Write a blog post. Send out another tweet (announcing the post preferably). Update status on social networks.\n * Afternoon 15 minutes: Update status and tweet. Check for more blog comments and respond.\n * Evening 15 minutes: Update status and tweet.\n\nIt’s a pretty simple strategy that aims to keep you in front of your fans\nthroughout the day.\n\nThere are various tools that can help you do these things faster (like\nTweetDeck or Ping.fm, which let you update your social networks and Twitter at\nthe same time).\n\nThere are also services where you can pre-schedule updates, spreading them out\nover the whole day even if you’re not online. Take advantage to the technology\nyou have available to you to simplify and automate your social media efforts\nas much as is practically possible.\n\nYou might not have dedicated times to update your online activities. If you\nuse a cell phone to update your status or to tweet, you’ll likely be able to\npost updates throughout the day. Or you might dedicate a couple hours each\nweekend to writing blog posts for the week.\n\nThis can make it quite a bit easier to stay updated without having to dedicate\nblocks of time to these activities. Just make sure you’re consistent, and that\nyou post updates on a daily basis (keeping a daily checklist of sites to\nupdate can be helpful).\n\n## Keys to Internet Fame\n\nSo, you’ve got a Facebook account, a Twitter feed, and a blog, and you update\nthem all regularly. Is that really all there is to it?\n\nWell, yes and no. Becoming Internet Famous requires a bit more than just\nregular updates. There’s no tried-and-true formula that will work every time.\n\nIt’s going to depend on the platforms you use, how much time you can devote to\nyour efforts, and a bit of luck. But here are some key things you can do to\nimprove your odds.\n\n * Let your personality shine through Everyone has a personality, and one key to setting yourself apart is to let yours show. Don’t be afraid to let your followers and fans see the real you. When someone feels like they’re dealing with a real person, rather than someone who’s faking it for attention, they’re more likely to become a true fan, someone who will become an advocate for you and your content and push it out to their own friends and followers (thereby creating an even bigger fanbase for you).\n * Engage your followers When you start getting some Twitter followers or Facebook friends or blog commenters, make sure you engage with them. Have conversations. Ask for their input. Respond to what they’re saying. This makes people remember who you are more easily, and makes it more likely they’ll turn to you when they need advice in your area of expertise.\n * Be passionate If you’re passionate about what you’re doing and what you’re talking about, that will be evident in the content you produce. Fans and followers like someone who is passionate about what they do; in fact, it can be contagious. If they see that you’re really into something, they’re more likely to want to find out why you love it so much and to become interested in it themselves.\n * Make your fans care This is really an extension of the previous two, but give your fans a reason to care about what you’re doing. This is done through being authentic and building trust among your fans (so they know what you’re saying is real), being passionate about what you say and do, and asking for their input, advice, and take on what you’re doing. If you involve your followers in your online life, rather than simply using social media as a soapbox, you’ll quickly turn casual followers into fans.\n * It’s a process You’re probably not going to gain Internet fame overnight. While there are some who have done it, many of them have gone on to become one-hit wonders, better known for some extreme antics, embarrassment, or humiliation than for anything worthwhile. Instead, look at the long view when it comes to building up a fan-base and really cultivating a following that will not only know who you are, but will care what you have to say.\n * Know when to call it quits Not every effort you make online is going to be successful. Maybe you’ll find after doing a few podcasts that it’s just not your thing. Or maybe you’ll find that even though you’re enjoying something, it’s just not providing any results (make sure you give these things a few months though, as some take a bit longer to catch on). Maybe you’ll even decide that there just aren’t enough potential followers out there for your chosen niche (or that they’re all too preoccupied with someone else in your niche that you just can’t seem to outdo). In any case, know when it’s time to move on to something else. This doesn’t mean you need to give up your dream of being Internet famous, only that you need to re-evaluate how you’re going about it and adjust your strategy.\n\n## If you still want to know more...\n\nThe information above only scratches the surface of what you can do to become\nInternet famous. For more complete information, check out my book: Internet\nFamous: A Practical Guide to Becoming an Online Celebrity.\n\nWritten exclusively for WDD by Cameron Chapman.\n\nAre you Internet Famous? Please share with us what strategies have worked best\nfor you...\n\nRelated posts\n\nResources\n\n## 23 Exciting New Tools for Designers, February 2021\n\nResources\n\n## Exciting New Tools for Designers, January 2021\n\nResources\n\n## Exciting New Tools for Designers, January 2020\n\nResources\n\n## Exciting New Tools for Designers, June 2020\n\nAdobe Apple Apps Art Best Of Blogging Branding Business cartoons Clients\nComics comics for designers Compilation CSS css3 Design design inspiration\ndesign trends Fonts free download free downloads free font free fonts free\nicons free resources free typeface freebie Freebies Freelancing Funny Google\nGraphic Design html5 Humor Icons illustration Inspiration JavaScript jQuery\nPhotography Photoshop responsive design Social Media Typography Usability\n\n© 2010-2021 All Rights Reserved\n\nQuiz\n\nPoll\n\nWorkflow\n\nContent\n\nUX\n\nUsability\n\nDesign\n\nTech\n\nSEO\n\nInspiration\n\nNews\n\nResources\n\nCode\n\nFunny\n\nSponsored\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.whoishostingthis.com/blog/2014/09/08/internet-famous/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210516194020/https://www.whoishostingthis.com/blog/2014/09/08/internet-famous/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Get “Internet Famous” Overnight – We’ll Teach You How Step-By-Step at WhoIsHostingThis.com", "passages": [ "Disclosure: Your support helps keep the site running! We earn a referral fee for some of the services we recommend on this page. Learn more", "Deep down, most of us long to be famous. While most of us live our lives in anonymity, as a celebrity you can have an impact on the world, leave a meaningful legacy behind, and have your name remembered for ages.", "Sometimes, though, fame isn't all it's cracked up to be. While PR professionals might claim there's \"no such thing as bad publicity,\" for individuals seeking fame, that's not always the case.", "When it comes to your own legacy, it's probably better to live in obscurity than to have your name smeared throughout history.", "Even if you're not remembered as a villain for all time, a brief firestorm of bad publicity can cost you. Take Justine Sacco.", "She was fired due to an inappropriate tweet that went viral, or the South Korean student who became famous and endured harassment as \"Dog Poop Girl\" after refusing to clean up after her dog on the subway.", "Those cautionary tales prove a point: if you're after Internet stardom, you need to take charge by crafting your own online identity before you hit the big time.", "By following the right steps to stardom, you can turn around even bad publicity in your favor. Even if an unflattering photo of you suddenly goes viral, you can imitate accidental star McKayla Maroney and reclaim your fame with a positive attitude.", "But instead of waiting for your one-in-a-million chance of going viral accidentally, it's better to start off on the right foot to begin with than to be accidentally launched into fame by a chance photo or misstep and then have to try to make the best of it.", "If you've decided to take your Internet stardom into your own hands, just follow the steps below and your name will be known around the web before you know it.", "There are no guarantees, but being famous on the Internet doesn't have to be difficult. With the right \"hook\" and strategy, you too, can become Internet famous.", "Select Your Platforms: Choose at least two or three of these platforms to use. Go where your ideal fans/followers are most likely to be.", "Your own blog: Give your followers a central place to keep up with you and the things you're doing online and off.", "Social bookmarking and news: This can be a good way to get your content out there to others, particularly if you are good at separating good quality content from bad.", "You can do it all in an hour a day or less, though it's a good idea to break it up in two 30 minute sessions, or four 15 minute sessions.", "If you'll be doing videos or podcasts, dedicate a few hours a week to their production. You need quality here, so time is important.", "Use services like HootSuite^® to automate your status updates and tweets, but don't forget to actually be present to respond accordingly.", "Example: Ask questions to get them talking to you. Have conversations with people. That's what social media is all about.", "It's okay sometimes, but between promotional posts, make sure to discuss things relevant to your followers like current events and news.", "Take the time to proofread your posts before publishing them. Funny mistakes may generate buzz, but not the buzz you want.", "Use a Meme Generator tool, like QuickMeme, to create a meme in just a few minutes, no technical expertise required.", "Keep your content fresh and new. Don't just do the same thing everyone else is doing. Find a way to put your own spin on it.", "His Gangham Style pop video got 8 million views in two weeks, and currently holds the Guinness World Record for Most Likes on YouTube with over 700 million.", "An offensive tweet about taking a trip to Africa caused the woman not only to lose her job, but to skyrocket to Internet fame.", "A Vine star who used his Internet videos to teach people better manners; providing fatherly advice in a fun way.", "Some Internet fame, like McKayla Maroney and Ridiculously Photogenic Guy is accidental. But, these three have achieved fame by doing something others aren't prepared to do.", "Jenna Marbles: Known for running one of the most popular channels on YouTube, with nearly 13 million subscribers as of March 2014, comedian Jenna Mourey posts a video every week.", "Her videos are funny, and are usually not safe for work, because they address subjects not everyone is willing to talk about, including:", "KeriLynn has worked as a freelance writer for various websites. She is an advocate for domestic abuse victims and has way too many hobbies.", "If you're in the market for a new web hosting provider, be sure to check out our user reviews, our A-Z hosting guide and our top three popular hosting picks:-", "please please I want to be famous please and also I want to start a maths competition and I live in Nigeria", "In 2007, WhoIsHostingThis.com launched the world's first tool to discover which web host a website uses. Since then, we have published 1+ million words of real-user reviews, 2+ million words of content from our experts and helped millions of webmasters around the world find their perfect web hosting provider, whether it is for a personal website, blog or small business. Read more..." ] }, "parsed_md": "Get “Internet Famous” Overnight – We’ll Teach You How Step-By-Step at\nWhoIsHostingThis.com\n\nOutstanding hosting from just $2.95/mo Free site transfers on most plansVisit\nSiteground > X\n\nSkip to content\n\nWhoIsHostingThis\n\n# Get “Internet Famous” Overnight – We’ll Teach You How Step-By-Step\n\n##### by KeriLynn Engel\n\nLast updated: March 10, 2020\n\nDisclosure: Your support helps keep the site running! We earn a referral fee\nfor some of the services we recommend on this page. Learn more\n\nDeep down, most of us long to be famous. While most of us live our lives in\nanonymity, as a celebrity you can have an impact on the world, leave a\nmeaningful legacy behind, and have your name remembered for ages.\n\n## The Down Sides of Fame\n\nSometimes, though, fame isn't all it's cracked up to be. While PR\nprofessionals might claim there's \"no such thing as bad publicity,\" for\nindividuals seeking fame, that's not always the case.\n\nWhen it comes to your own legacy, it's probably better to live in obscurity\nthan to have your name smeared throughout history.\n\n## Justine Sacco and the South Korean Student\n\nEven if you're not remembered as a villain for all time, a brief firestorm of\nbad publicity can cost you. Take Justine Sacco.\n\nShe was fired due to an inappropriate tweet that went viral, or the South\nKorean student who became famous and endured harassment as \"Dog Poop Girl\"\nafter refusing to clean up after her dog on the subway.\n\nThose cautionary tales prove a point: if you're after Internet stardom, you\nneed to take charge by crafting your own online identity before you hit the\nbig time.\n\n## The Upside of Fame\n\nBy following the right steps to stardom, you can turn around even bad\npublicity in your favor. Even if an unflattering photo of you suddenly goes\nviral, you can imitate accidental star McKayla Maroney and reclaim your fame\nwith a positive attitude.\n\nBut instead of waiting for your one-in-a-million chance of going viral\naccidentally, it's better to start off on the right foot to begin with than to\nbe accidentally launched into fame by a chance photo or misstep and then have\nto try to make the best of it.\n\nIf you've decided to take your Internet stardom into your own hands, just\nfollow the steps below and your name will be known around the web before you\nknow it.\n\n## Yes, You Can Be Internet Famous\n\nThere are no guarantees, but being famous on the Internet doesn't have to be\ndifficult. With the right \"hook\" and strategy, you too, can become Internet\nfamous.\n\n### Preparing for Your Internet Fame\n\n * Choose Your Niche\n\n * Something you're knowledgeable/passionate about\n\n * This knowledge and passion will shine through, helping to attract and engage followers\n * If you have a product or service you're trying to promote, your niche may be easier to find.\n * Adapt your personality to appeal to your ideal audience.\n\n * Don't be someone you're not.\n * Highlight one or two appealing aspects of your personality more than the others.\n * Select Your Platforms: Choose at least two or three of these platforms to use. Go where your ideal fans/followers are most likely to be.\n\n * Your own blog: Give your followers a central place to keep up with you and the things you're doing online and off.\n\n * Free: WordPress.com, Blogger.com, Tumblr\n * Self-hosted: WordPress.org\n * Microblogging: Twitter\n\n * Short updates in 140 characters or less\n * Multimedia:\n\n * Video blogs with YouTube^®\n * Audio recordings (podcasts)\n * Social networks: One or more depending on your niche.\n\n * Facebook\n * Google+^®\n * Pinterest^®\n * Instagram^®\n * LinkedIn^®\n * Social bookmarking and news: This can be a good way to get your content out there to others, particularly if you are good at separating good quality content from bad.\n\n * Reddit\n * StumbleUpon\n * Digg\n * Delicious\n\n### Develop Your Social Media Strategy\n\n * After deciding which platforms you'll use, decide how much time you want to dedicate to each.\n\n * You can do it all in an hour a day or less, though it's a good idea to break it up in two 30 minute sessions, or four 15 minute sessions.\n\n * Morning 15 minutes:\n\n * Check Twitter and blog comments\n * Tweet once or twice\n * Respond to blog comments.\n * Lunchtime 15 minutes:\n\n * Write a blog post.\n * Send out a tweet to announce the new post.\n * Update your status\n * Afternoon 15 minutes:\n\n * Update your status.\n * Send a few tweets.\n * Check your blog for more comments and respond.\n * Evening 15 minutes:\n\n * Update status\n * Tweet\n * Respond to new comments\n * If you'll be doing videos or podcasts, dedicate a few hours a week to their production. You need quality here, so time is important.\n\n * You can also dedicate a couple hours a week to writing the week's blog posts.\n * Use services like HootSuite^® to automate your status updates and tweets, but don't forget to actually be present to respond accordingly.\n\n * Post during peak times when you know your audience is most likely to be online to see it.\n\n * Example: If your audience is likely to check their social media before work, post something around 7 am.\n * Cross post your material on several social networks.\n\n * Example: Share your YouTube video on both Facebook and Twitter.\n * Talk to not at your audience. It's not all about promoting your material.\n\n * Example: Ask questions to get them talking to you. Have conversations with people. That's what social media is all about.\n\n### Brand Consistency\n\n * No matter which social media networks you join, be consistent across all of them.\n\n * Choose a username and profile picture to use on all your social media profiles.\n\n * Keep them designed similarly in terms of background/cover images.\n * Share the same types of material on all your networks.\n\n * Your Facebook fans should not feel any different about you than your Twitter or Instagram followers.\n\n### Engage Your Following\n\n * In the beginning, you won't likely have many people talking to you, so talk to them.\n\n * Ask questions, such as:\n\n * What'd you have for lunch today?\n * If you had a million dollars, what would do?\n * Re-tweet the best answers to make your followers feel valued.\n * If you're on Tumblr, make sure to enable the \"ask\" function, so your followers can ask you questions.\n * Keep a few things in mind:\n\n * Don't simply re-tweet every single response you get to every question you ask.\n\n * Your followers may start to feel spammed.\n * You can favorite or like responses, too.\n * Thank fans for reaching out to you, whether they do it with criticism or praise.\n * Don't blatantly advertise or self-promote all the time.\n\n * It's okay sometimes, but between promotional posts, make sure to discuss things relevant to your followers like current events and news.\n\n * You'll become a trusted source of information, rather than fading into the \"noise\" of the Internet.\n * Take the time to proofread your posts before publishing them. Funny mistakes may generate buzz, but not the buzz you want.\n\n * Make sure there are no typographical or grammatical errors.\n * Make sure all links work correctly.\n\n### Use Hashtags and Memes\n\n * Hashtags: #hashtags are a form of social discovery on many social networks, including Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram.\n\n * Use them to help people find you.\n\n * Example: If your niche is food, hashtags like: #yum, #dinner, #food are good places to start.\n * Encourage people to use them to help further your branding.\n\n * Example: Hello Fresh, a meal delivery service, encourages their followers to hashtag photos of their recipes with #hellofreshpics\n * Memes: Images that are easily shared across social media.\n\n * Example: Grumpy Cat\n * Use a Meme Generator tool, like QuickMeme, to create a meme in just a few minutes, no technical expertise required.\n\n * Upload a photo or choose one of theirs\n * Add your text\n * Add it anonymously to the QuickMeme servers\n * Start sharing within five minutes.\n\n### Keep Them Coming Back for More\n\n * Keep your content fresh and new. Don't just do the same thing everyone else is doing. Find a way to put your own spin on it.\n * Lean to what your audience is asking for.\n\n * Give them what they want, and they will remain loyal.\n\n * It's their word of mouth that will help you become viral enough to consider yourself an online celebrity.\n\n### Internet Celebs You Might Know\n\n * S. Gymnast McKayla Maroney\n\n * Her infamous facial expression during the Olympics award ceremony spurred the \"McKayla's Not Impressed\" Internet meme.\n * Ridiculously Photogenic Guy: Zeddie Little\n\n * His photo was captured while running a race in South Carolina and uploaded to Flickr.\n * His face then became part of memes all over the Internet.\n * Korean Pop Star Psy\n\n * His Gangham Style pop video got 8 million views in two weeks, and currently holds the Guinness World Record for Most Likes on YouTube with over 700 million.\n * Former head of PR for InterActive Corp, Justine Sacco\n\n * An offensive tweet about taking a trip to Africa caused the woman not only to lose her job, but to skyrocket to Internet fame.\n\n * Not all Internet fame is good fame.\n * Blake Wilson, aka BatDad\n\n * A Vine star who used his Internet videos to teach people better manners; providing fatherly advice in a fun way.\n\n### What Makes People Internet Famous?\n\nSome Internet fame, like McKayla Maroney and Ridiculously Photogenic Guy is\naccidental. But, these three have achieved fame by doing something others\naren't prepared to do.\n\n * Perez Hilton: Known for dishing celebrity gossip, no matter how embarrassing it may be.\n * Jenna Marbles: Known for running one of the most popular channels on YouTube, with nearly 13 million subscribers as of March 2014, comedian Jenna Mourey posts a video every week.\n\n * Her videos are funny, and are usually not safe for work, because they address subjects not everyone is willing to talk about, including:\n\n * Better Names for Body Parts\n * How to Trick People into Thinking You're Good Looking\n * How to Avoid Talking to People You Don't Want to Talk to\n * What Girls Do in the Car\n * Drunk Makeup Tutorial\n * Reality Steve: Reality TV blogger who leaks reality TV information.\n\n * Recently leaked information about The Bachelorette Season 10\n * Leaked information about The Bachelor Season 18\n\n### Sources\n\n * Internet Famous: Becoming an Online Celebrity - webdesignerdepot.com\n * How to be Internet-Famous with the Help of Social Media - digitaltrends.com\n * How to Create Memes about Your Life (and Maybe Achieve Internet Fame) - gigaom.com\n * 15 People Made Famous by the Internet in 2012 - mashable.com\n * 16 People Made Famous by the Internet in 2013 - mashable.com\n * Two New Women Accuse Billy Cosby Of Sexual Assault — Read The Disturbing Details HERE - perezhilton.com\n * A Gossip Bad Boy Tries Being Nice - nytimes.com\n * 'The Bachelorette' 2014 Spoilers: Andi Dorfman Begins Filming New Season; Reality Steve Leaks List Of Reported Contestants - ibtimes.com\n * \"Reader Emails,\" Update on the Group Date This Saturday, and Final Live Video Chat For A While Tonight at 9:00pmEST/6:00pm PST - realitysteve.com\n\n#### About KeriLynn Engel\n\nKeriLynn has worked as a freelance writer for various websites. She is an\nadvocate for domestic abuse victims and has way too many hobbies.\n\n◀ Hate Your ISP? You’re Not Alone\n\nTech CEOs: Who is the Most Generous? ▶\n\nTable of Contents+-\n\n * The Down Sides of Fame\n * Justine Sacco and the South Korean Student\n * The Upside of Fame\n * Yes, You Can Be Internet Famous\n\n * Preparing for Your Internet Fame\n * Develop Your Social Media Strategy\n * Brand Consistency\n * Engage Your Following\n * Use Hashtags and Memes\n * Keep Them Coming Back for More\n * Internet Celebs You Might Know\n * What Makes People Internet Famous?\n * Sources\n\n## Most Popular\n\n * Gator Website Builder: Our First Look at HostGator’s Site Builder223 views\n * How Much Money Should A Web Designer For A Basic Website Cost?177 views\n * Who Has the Fastest, Most Reliable Shared Hosting?172 views\n * Become Your Own Private ISP Today169 views\n * Get “Internet Famous” Overnight – We’ll Teach You How Step-By-Step164 views\n\n## Need Web Hosting?\n\nIf you're in the market for a new web hosting provider, be sure to check out\nour user reviews, our A-Z hosting guide and our top three popular hosting\npicks:-\n\n * 2,020 Reviews\n\n * 480 Reviews\n\n * 435 Reviews\n\nComments\n\nThanks for your comment. It will show here once it has been approved.\n\n### Cancel reply\n\n### Tiger Y. Taha\n\nMay 24, 2016\n\ncool\n\nReply\n\n### James Sadlier\n\nJanuary 6, 2019\n\nI want to be rich and famous\n\nReply\n\n### Micah Luethje\n\nOctober 8, 2020\n\nYes, and I would love to be famously rich!! ;)\n\nReply\n\n### Philip Khor\n\nJanuary 8, 2017\n\nA Malaysian band just released a song about “internet celebrity”. Check out\nhttp://paperplanepursuit.com\n\nReply\n\n### Frank Moraes\n\nJanuary 11, 2017\n\nShameless promotion. But it’s charming. Good luck with your career!\n\nReply\n\n### destiny\n\nOctober 5, 2018\n\nplease please I want to be famous please and also I want to start a maths\ncompetition and I live in Nigeria\n\nReply\n\n## We've helped millions of webmasters around the world find their perfect web\nhosting provider.\n\nWhoIsHostingThis\n\n###### About WhoIsHostingThis.com\n\nIn 2007, WhoIsHostingThis.com launched the world's first tool to discover\nwhich web host a website uses. Since then, we have published 1+ million words\nof real-user reviews, 2+ million words of content from our experts and helped\nmillions of webmasters around the world find their perfect web hosting\nprovider, whether it is for a personal website, blog or small business. Read\nmore...\n\n * Terms & Privacy\n * Sitemap\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.pewinternet.org/2015/08/19/the-demographics-of-social-media-users/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191029142248/https://www.pewinternet.org/2015/08/19/the-demographics-of-social-media-users/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Demographics of Social Media Users in 2015", "passages": [ "Fully 72% of online American adults use Facebook, a proportion unchanged from September 2014. Usage continues to be especially popular among online women, 77% of whom are users. In addition, 82% of online adults ages 18 to 29 use Facebook, along with 79% of those ages 30 to 49, 64% of those ages 50 to 64 and 48% of those 65 and older.", "Some 31% of online adults use Pinterest, a proportion that is unchanged from the 28% of online adults who did so in September 2014. Women continue to dominate Pinterest – 44% of online women use the site, compared with 16% of online men. Those under the age of 50 are also more likely to be Pinterest users – 37% do so, compared with 22% of those ages 50 and older.", "Some 28% of online adults use Instagram, a proportion that is unchanged from the 26% of online adults who did so in September 2014. Instagram continues to be popular with non-whites and young adults: 55% of online adults ages 18 to 29 use Instagram, as do 47% of African Americans and 38% of Hispanics. Additionally, online women continue to be more likely than online men to be Instagram users (31% vs. 24%).", "A quarter of online adults use LinkedIn, a proportion that is unchanged from the 28% of online adults who did so in September 2014. As was true in previous surveys of LinkedIn usage, the platform is especially popular among working- age adults as well as college graduates and those with relatively high household incomes. LinkedIn is the only major social media platform for which usage rates are higher among 30- to 49-year-olds than among 18- to 29-year- olds. Fully 46% of online adults who have graduated from college are LinkedIn users, compared with just 9% of online adults with a high school diploma or less. The site continues to be popular among the employed – 32% are LinkedIn users, compared with 14% of online adults who are not employed.", "Some 23% of all online adults use Twitter, a proportion that is identical to the 23% of online adults who did so in September 2014. Internet users living in urban areas are more likely than their suburban or rural counterparts to use Twitter. Three-in-ten online urban residents use the site, compared with 21% of suburbanites and 15% of those living in rural areas. Twitter is more popular among younger adults — 30% of online adults under 50 use Twitter, compared with 11% of online adults ages 50 and older.", "While there were no changes in overall usership on any site when comparing data from the fall of 2014 and the spring of 2015, a few social media platforms did see an increase in user engagement. The proportion of daily users on Instagram, Pinterest and LinkedIn increased significantly from 2014.", "Today, 59% of Instagram users are on the platform daily, including 35% who visit several times a day. This 59% figure reflects a 10-point increase from September 2014 when 49% of Instagram users reported visiting the site on a daily basis. Similarly, the proportion of Pinterest users who visit the platform daily rose from 17% in September 2014 to 27% in April 2015, while the proportion of daily users on LinkedIn increased from 13% to 22% over the same time period.", "Twitter saw no significant changes in its proportion of daily users. Some 38% of those on Twitter use the site daily, a figure that is statistically unchanged from the 36% who did in 2014.", "Facebook continues to have the most engaged users – 70% log on daily, including 43% who do so several times a day. This overall proportion of daily users, however, is unchanged from the 70% who used Facebook daily in 2014.", "1615 L St. NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036 USA (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main (+1) 202-419-4349 | Fax (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries", "About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts." ] }, "parsed_md": "Demographics of Social Media Users in 2015 | Pew Research Center\n\nNumbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World\n\nAbout Follow\n\nMy Account\n\nLog in View Account Log out\n\nDonate\n\nInternet & Technology\n\n * Menu\n * Research Areas\n\nReport\n\nAugust 19, 2015\n\n# Mobile Messaging and Social Media 2015\n\n## The Demographics of Social Media Users\n\nBy Maeve Duggan\n\nThe following analysis discusses the demographic characteristics of each of\nthe five social media platforms in the survey.\n\n#### Facebook — 72% of adult internet users/62% of entire adult population\n\nFully 72% of online American adults use Facebook, a proportion unchanged from\nSeptember 2014. Usage continues to be especially popular among online women,\n77% of whom are users. In addition, 82% of online adults ages 18 to 29 use\nFacebook, along with 79% of those ages 30 to 49, 64% of those ages 50 to 64\nand 48% of those 65 and older.\n\n#### Pinterest — 31% of adult internet users/26% of entire adult population\n\nSome 31% of online adults use Pinterest, a proportion that is unchanged from\nthe 28% of online adults who did so in September 2014. Women continue to\ndominate Pinterest – 44% of online women use the site, compared with 16% of\nonline men. Those under the age of 50 are also more likely to be Pinterest\nusers – 37% do so, compared with 22% of those ages 50 and older.\n\n#### Instagram — 28% of adult internet users/24% of entire adult population\n\nSome 28% of online adults use Instagram, a proportion that is unchanged from\nthe 26% of online adults who did so in September 2014. Instagram continues to\nbe popular with non-whites and young adults: 55% of online adults ages 18 to\n29 use Instagram, as do 47% of African Americans and 38% of Hispanics.\nAdditionally, online women continue to be more likely than online men to be\nInstagram users (31% vs. 24%).\n\n#### LinkedIn — 25% of adult internet users/22% of entire adult population\n\nA quarter of online adults use LinkedIn, a proportion that is unchanged from\nthe 28% of online adults who did so in September 2014. As was true in previous\nsurveys of LinkedIn usage, the platform is especially popular among working-\nage adults as well as college graduates and those with relatively high\nhousehold incomes. LinkedIn is the only major social media platform for which\nusage rates are higher among 30- to 49-year-olds than among 18- to 29-year-\nolds. Fully 46% of online adults who have graduated from college are LinkedIn\nusers, compared with just 9% of online adults with a high school diploma or\nless. The site continues to be popular among the employed – 32% are LinkedIn\nusers, compared with 14% of online adults who are not employed.\n\n#### Twitter — 23% of all internet users/20% of entire adult population\n\nSome 23% of all online adults use Twitter, a proportion that is identical to\nthe 23% of online adults who did so in September 2014. Internet users living\nin urban areas are more likely than their suburban or rural counterparts to\nuse Twitter. Three-in-ten online urban residents use the site, compared with\n21% of suburbanites and 15% of those living in rural areas. Twitter is more\npopular among younger adults — 30% of online adults under 50 use Twitter,\ncompared with 11% of online adults ages 50 and older.\n\n### Frequency of Use on Social Media Sites\n\nWhile there were no changes in overall usership on any site when comparing\ndata from the fall of 2014 and the spring of 2015, a few social media\nplatforms did see an increase in user engagement. The proportion of daily\nusers on Instagram, Pinterest and LinkedIn increased significantly from 2014.\n\nToday, 59% of Instagram users are on the platform daily, including 35% who\nvisit several times a day. This 59% figure reflects a 10-point increase from\nSeptember 2014 when 49% of Instagram users reported visiting the site on a\ndaily basis. Similarly, the proportion of Pinterest users who visit the\nplatform daily rose from 17% in September 2014 to 27% in April 2015, while the\nproportion of daily users on LinkedIn increased from 13% to 22% over the same\ntime period.\n\nTwitter saw no significant changes in its proportion of daily users. Some 38%\nof those on Twitter use the site daily, a figure that is statistically\nunchanged from the 36% who did in 2014.\n\nFacebook continues to have the most engaged users – 70% log on daily,\nincluding 43% who do so several times a day. This overall proportion of daily\nusers, however, is unchanged from the 70% who used Facebook daily in 2014.\n\n## Pagination\n\nNext: Methods Next Page → ← Prev Page\n\n 1. Page 1\n 2. Page 2\n 3. You are reading page 3\n 4. Page 4\n\n##### Report Materials\n\n * Complete Report PDF\n * Topline\n * March 17-April 12, 2015 – Libraries and Technology Use Dataset\n\n## Table of Contents\n\n * Mobile Messaging and Social Media 2015\n * Main Findings\n * The Demographics of Social Media Users\n\n * Frequency of Use on Social Media Sites\n * Methods\n\n##### Related\n\nPublicationsAug 19, 2015\n\nUncategorizedDec 19, 2007\n\n## Teens and Social Media\n\nPublicationsAug 22, 2019\n\n## In Emerging Economies, Smartphone and Social Media Users Have Broader\nSocial Networks\n\nPublicationsMay 13, 2019\n\n## Publics in Emerging Economies Worry Social Media Sow Division, Even as They\nOffer New Chances for Political Engagement\n\nPublicationsApr 30, 2018\n\n## Declining Majority of Online Adults Say the Internet Has Been Good for\nSociety\n\n##### Topics\n\n * Mobile\n * Social Networking\n * Social Media\n\n##### Popular On Pew Research\n\nFact Tank01/17/2019\n\n## Defining generations: Where Millennials end and Generation Z begins\n\nFact Tank09/06/2018\n\n## Are you in the American middle class? Find out with our income calculator\n\nFact Tank11/28/2018\n\n## 5 facts about illegal immigration in the U.S.\n\nInternet & Tech03/01/2018\n\n## Social Media Use in 2018\n\nSocial Trends01/17/2019\n\n## Generation Z Looks a Lot Like Millennials on Key Social and Political\nIssues\n\n1615 L St. NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036 USA (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main\n(+1) 202-419-4349 | Fax (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries\n\n## Research Areas\n\n * U.S. Politics & Policy\n * Journalism & Media\n * Internet & Technology\n * Science & Society\n * Religion & Public Life\n * Hispanic Trends\n * Global Attitudes & Trends\n * Social & Demographic Trends\n\n## Follow Us\n\n * Email Newsletters\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n * YouTube\n * RSS\n\nAbout Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that\ninforms the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world.\nIt conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content\nanalysis and other empirical social science research. Pew Research Center does\nnot take policy positions. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts.\n\n * Copyright 2019 Pew Research Center\n * About\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Reprints, Permissions & Use Policy\n * Feedback\n * Careers\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.linkdex.com/en-us/inked/10-exceptional-examples-of-brand-communities/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210206081015/https://www.linkdex.com/en-us/inked/10-exceptional-examples-of-brand-communities/", "parsed_text": { "title": "10 Exceptional Examples Of Brand Communities", "passages": [ "An active, engaged brand community can drive innovation and increase revenues and customer loyalty. These 10 brands are leading the way.", "For all consumer-facing businesses, a prevalent, engaged brand community is the ultimate asset. Research has shown that branded communities not only drive greater reach, but also add value at the other points of the user journey, such as encouraging conversions, or improving existing customer relationships. However, across many industries, active and engaged brand communities remain few and far between. Here are 10 brand communities leading the way.", "Perhaps the biggest challenge for brands is that building brand communities requires a considerable investment in time, and complete commitment and integration from departments across a business to stand a chance.", "A HBR study on branded communities states that “too often, companies isolate their community-building efforts within the marketing function. That is a mistake. For a brand community to yield maximum benefit, it must be framed as a high-level strategy supporting businesswide goals.”", "Last year, we covered two of the most imaginative and popular branded communities, the SAP Community Network, and Random House’s Figment, two communities that have captured the hearts and minds of consumers by providing a place to share and tips, advice, and stories with like-minded individuals. The communities are built on the three principles of feedback, advocacy, and support which were identified in a 2012 Comblu report for being the pillars for a successful brand community.", "SAP in particular are operating at the very forefront of the industry in building a engaged brand community, and it stems from the technology company’s organization-wide commitment to providing a platform for social engagement. CMO Jonathan Becher spoke of the companies philosophy, in which social is seen to benefit every department, from sales, to development, support and marketing, and in which social interaction is viewed as an “enabler” and “not a goal in itself”.", "Recently, several brands have been stepping up their efforts to engage consumers and build online communities. What’s fascinating about each one is that each is uniquely different, offering different opportunities and incentives for consumers to participate and engage. Let’s look at 10 brand communities leading the way.", "With more than 2.5 million engaged members, the SCN has been called “the most extensive use to date of social media by a corporation,” by Richard Adler from the Aspen Institute. Community members range from huge multinationals, such as Disney and Bose, to innumerable small and medium-sized businesses, all of which are able to connect and mutually benefit via the SCN. The communities real success lies in the fact that many members are highly engaged and willing to contribute time and expertise to grow the strength of the network.", "Key strength: Huge, diverse, and highly engaged community. Users gain reputation for community contributions and there are plenty of incentives for users to continue to engage.", "The Playstation Community has done an exceptional job at providing an online space for gamers to connect. Users are able to zone in on their specific interests, whether it be by game, interests, or the type of support they need, and it’s clear to see how the network caters for the pillars of feedback, advocacy, and support.", "The community is closely tied to Playstation’s linked social media channels, on YouTube and Twitter, and users are also able to experience content being generated both by brands, and users themselves.", "User-generated content creation is one of the great strengths of the community and with new features on the PS4 console that enable users to upload in-game clips directly online, this is only going to increase and continue to grow the strength of the community.", "Key strength: Virtually unlimited capability and scale in user-generated content, that both entertains and adds value at awareness building, and purchase-point consumer touchpoints.", "Being Girl was created in 2000 as an informative resource for young, teenage girls, to connect and find out answers to the those difficult questions that growing up entails. Like a digital big sister, the community enables open discussion and the ability to ask the resident expert, Anna, for advice on topics such as menstruation, eating disorders, acne, and dating.", "Being Girl has been expanded to 46 countries worldwide, and its strength lies in the fact that girls all over the world can relate to each other in the trials of growing up. Being Girl was cited in the book “Groundswell”, as requiring just a 1 percent conversion rate to offer a 3x ROI built on the brand loyalty that the community inspires.", "Key strength: Global reach, and builds brand loyalty among potential customers for products in a competitive niche where loyalty for a brand often lasts a lifetime.", "Figment has more than 300,000 members who can share, create, and moderate content, as well as create awareness by recommending products. Highly engaged individuals become brand advocates giving sincere and earnest reviews of the products they enjoy, and this fulfils multiple touchpoints for other community members. It shows how all consumer-facing brands can generate branded community engagement by focusing on specific, highly engaged niches within their audiences.", "Key strength: Laser focus on a niche segment of brand audience, which ensure rich engagement levels, and fantastic mutual community experience.", "H&R Block created a community site that connects users to a tax professional for quick responses to tax-related questions via the “Get Answers” section of their website. The real strength of the portal is in connecting users enabling them to learn and share experiences with others in the H&R Community. The community is reported to have answered 1 million questions and generated a 15 percent lift in business.", "Key strength: Adds genuine, and highly useful value to consumer lives. Allows user questions to build the community into a comprehensive resource.", "HOG is a special community. Harley-Davidson enthusiasts share more than their loyalty to a brand. For them, it represents a way of life, a culture, and it is one that can be found all over the world. Since the 1980s, Harley-Davidson have been diligently building up a brand community based around shared lifestyle, taste, and ethos. HOG was born as a way the brand’s highly passionate consumers to connect and engage online. With more than 1 million active members, the strength of the community lies in the openness and highly impassioned members it tries to foster and serve.", "Key strength: Incredibly strong and impassioned community, one that extends beyond online communities. HOG acts as a connector for enthusiasts around the world.", "Lugnet is an established website and the largest unofficial community of Lego fans. Lugnet is mainly composed of adult men, who build elaborate Lego projects, sharing news and images of their creations. As a focused and niche group of users, the Lugnet community has even been recognized by the Lego brand as being a valuable source of information. As one Lego spokesman said: “[Lugnet offers] incredibly valuable insights” in hardware, software, design and usability, feedback which informs the brands product development, marketing, and much more.", "Key strength: A highly enthusiastic and capable community that is receptive to working closely with the brand to provide a source of feedback which can inform product and business decisions.", "My Starbucks Idea works on the same principle as the old customer “suggestion box” for the global coffee chain’s 150,000+ members. In the last six years, suggestions from My Starbucks Idea community members has led to the implementation of nearly 300 innovations – from digital tipping, peach green- tea lemonade, to the hugely popular ability to enjoy free Wi-Fi. Alex Wheeler,VP global digital marketing for Starbucks, said that “our passionate customers and partners have been sharing their ideas with us on My Starbucks Idea, and we have listened and acted upon many amazing innovations that we have received from this online community.”", "Key strength: Actual implementation and follow through of popular ideas shows that the brand listens to consumers, which inspire ever greater levels of innovation and ideas. A real asset for the brand’s continued progression.", "Oracle Community connects the millions of users worldwide who use the platform, whether for personal or for a business function. It enables users to ask questions on dedicated forums and to solve problems together. Members are able to share personal stories, form independent groups, and even build their own networks and schedule meetings.", "Key strength: A great technical resource, which seeks to aid users in solving problems in any way it can. Very popular among its target audience.", "While many brands feel comfortable on social media platforms such as Twitter, or Instagram, where they are able to maintain a level of control of the content on their channels, the majority seem reluctant to open a channel on Reddit, put off perhaps by the unabridged openness of the site, and the rawness of user-generated comments. Nordstrom, however, felt ready to rise to the challenge, a first for a luxury brand.", "The brand values genuine authenticity, which gives them the bravery to facilitate open conversation with customers via reddit. All initial signs point toward it being a highly positive move for the brand. “We’ve been on Reddit for about two months,” said Dan Evans Jr., spokesperson for Nordstrom, Seattle. “We hope it’s another way for us to respond to and speak with our customers directly in real-time in a way our customers will enjoy.”", "Key strength: Engaging on an open forum such as reddit requires brands to commit to genuine authenticity, consumer-centricity, and social values, which ensures sentiment for the brand will win a highly positive response. Future- proof, and long-term wins.", "Each one of the above brand communities offer a unique set of virtues that ensure their success. To varying degrees, each possesses the three pillars of feedback, advocacy, and support that have come to define a thriving community.", "Lugnet and My Starbucks Idea offer a unmatchable resource for brands to gain feedback on their product offering and the influence of that feedback has permeated into the culture and identity of the company. Harley-Davidson is an outstanding example of how a brand can win and engender advocacy. H&R Block and Oracle Community offer valuable support resources for consumers.", "Another crucial element of all of these is that all of these networks offer a unique value proposition for consumers, whether it be the facilitation and sharing of information (SCN, Being Girl, H&R Block, Oracle Community), or a platform for users to connect and share content (Playstation Community, Figment).", "Perhaps the most important takeaway, and the one which required the greatest amount of commitment from an organization to deliver, is the boldness and authenticity that enables brands to operate in a way which doesn’t require censorship. It’s a measure of how transparent a company is prepared to be, and something all brands must eventually aspire toward. The rewards for such authenticity as unmatched (having, for example, the power to transform struggling motorcycle brand Harley-Davidson in the 1980s into the multi- million dollar global brand they are today).", "“In today’s turbulent world, people are hungry for a sense of connection; and in lean economic times, every company needs new ways to do more with what it already has. Unfortunately, although many firms aspire to the customer loyalty, marketing efficiency, and brand authenticity that strong communities deliver, few understand what it takes to achieve such benefits. Worse, most subscribe to serious misconceptions about what brand communities are and how they work.”", "Pat covers the SEO industry, digital marketing trends, and anything and everything around Linkdex. He also authors Linkdex's data analysis and reports, analysing the state of search in various industries." ] }, "parsed_md": "10 Exceptional Examples Of Brand Communities | Linkdex\n\n#social\n\n# 10 Exceptional Examples Of Brand Communities\n\nAn active, engaged brand community can drive innovation and increase revenues\nand customer loyalty. These 10 brands are leading the way.\n\nBy Pat Hong from Linkdex. 15th January, 2015 Join the discussion » 3 comments\n\nFor all consumer-facing businesses, a prevalent, engaged brand community is\nthe ultimate asset. Research has shown that branded communities not only drive\ngreater reach, but also add value at the other points of the user journey,\nsuch as encouraging conversions, or improving existing customer relationships.\nHowever, across many industries, active and engaged brand communities remain\nfew and far between. Here are 10 brand communities leading the way.\n\nPerhaps the biggest challenge for brands is that building brand communities\nrequires a considerable investment in time, and complete commitment and\nintegration from departments across a business to stand a chance.\n\nA HBR study on branded communities states that “too often, companies isolate\ntheir community-building efforts within the marketing function. That is a\nmistake. For a brand community to yield maximum benefit, it must be framed as\na high-level strategy supporting businesswide goals.”\n\nLast year, we covered two of the most imaginative and popular branded\ncommunities, the SAP Community Network, and Random House’s Figment, two\ncommunities that have captured the hearts and minds of consumers by providing\na place to share and tips, advice, and stories with like-minded individuals.\nThe communities are built on the three principles of feedback, advocacy, and\nsupport which were identified in a 2012 Comblu report for being the pillars\nfor a successful brand community.\n\nSAP in particular are operating at the very forefront of the industry in\nbuilding a engaged brand community, and it stems from the technology company’s\norganization-wide commitment to providing a platform for social engagement.\nCMO Jonathan Becher spoke of the companies philosophy, in which social is seen\nto benefit every department, from sales, to development, support and\nmarketing, and in which social interaction is viewed as an “enabler” and “not\na goal in itself”.\n\nRecently, several brands have been stepping up their efforts to engage\nconsumers and build online communities. What’s fascinating about each one is\nthat each is uniquely different, offering different opportunities and\nincentives for consumers to participate and engage. Let’s look at 10 brand\ncommunities leading the way.\n\n## 10 Exceptional Brand Communities\n\n### 1\\. The SAP Community Network (SCN)\n\nWith more than 2.5 million engaged members, the SCN has been called “the most\nextensive use to date of social media by a corporation,” by Richard Adler from\nthe Aspen Institute. Community members range from huge multinationals, such as\nDisney and Bose, to innumerable small and medium-sized businesses, all of\nwhich are able to connect and mutually benefit via the SCN. The communities\nreal success lies in the fact that many members are highly engaged and willing\nto contribute time and expertise to grow the strength of the network.\n\nKey strength: Huge, diverse, and highly engaged community. Users gain\nreputation for community contributions and there are plenty of incentives for\nusers to continue to engage.\n\n### 2\\. Playstation Community (Sony)\n\nThe Playstation Community has done an exceptional job at providing an online\nspace for gamers to connect. Users are able to zone in on their specific\ninterests, whether it be by game, interests, or the type of support they need,\nand it’s clear to see how the network caters for the pillars of feedback,\nadvocacy, and support.\n\nThe community is closely tied to Playstation’s linked social media channels,\non YouTube and Twitter, and users are also able to experience content being\ngenerated both by brands, and users themselves.\n\nUser-generated content creation is one of the great strengths of the community\nand with new features on the PS4 console that enable users to upload in-game\nclips directly online, this is only going to increase and continue to grow the\nstrength of the community.\n\nKey strength: Virtually unlimited capability and scale in user-generated\ncontent, that both entertains and adds value at awareness building, and\npurchase-point consumer touchpoints.\n\n### 3\\. Being Girl (Procter and Gamble)\n\nBeing Girl was created in 2000 as an informative resource for young, teenage\ngirls, to connect and find out answers to the those difficult questions that\ngrowing up entails. Like a digital big sister, the community enables open\ndiscussion and the ability to ask the resident expert, Anna, for advice on\ntopics such as menstruation, eating disorders, acne, and dating.\n\nBeing Girl has been expanded to 46 countries worldwide, and its strength lies\nin the fact that girls all over the world can relate to each other in the\ntrials of growing up. Being Girl was cited in the book “Groundswell”, as\nrequiring just a 1 percent conversion rate to offer a 3x ROI built on the\nbrand loyalty that the community inspires.\n\nKey strength: Global reach, and builds brand loyalty among potential customers\nfor products in a competitive niche where loyalty for a brand often lasts a\nlifetime.\n\n### 4\\. Figment (Random House)\n\nFigment is a branded community that caters to teenagers who love to read and\nwrite fan fiction.\n\nFigment has more than 300,000 members who can share, create, and moderate\ncontent, as well as create awareness by recommending products. Highly engaged\nindividuals become brand advocates giving sincere and earnest reviews of the\nproducts they enjoy, and this fulfils multiple touchpoints for other community\nmembers. It shows how all consumer-facing brands can generate branded\ncommunity engagement by focusing on specific, highly engaged niches within\ntheir audiences.\n\nKey strength: Laser focus on a niche segment of brand audience, which ensure\nrich engagement levels, and fantastic mutual community experience.\n\n### 5\\. H&R Block\n\nH&R Block created a community site that connects users to a tax professional\nfor quick responses to tax-related questions via the “Get Answers” section of\ntheir website. The real strength of the portal is in connecting users enabling\nthem to learn and share experiences with others in the H&R Community. The\ncommunity is reported to have answered 1 million questions and generated a 15\npercent lift in business.\n\nKey strength: Adds genuine, and highly useful value to consumer lives. Allows\nuser questions to build the community into a comprehensive resource.\n\n### 6\\. Harley Owners Group (Harley-Davidson)\n\nHOG is a special community. Harley-Davidson enthusiasts share more than their\nloyalty to a brand. For them, it represents a way of life, a culture, and it\nis one that can be found all over the world. Since the 1980s, Harley-Davidson\nhave been diligently building up a brand community based around shared\nlifestyle, taste, and ethos. HOG was born as a way the brand’s highly\npassionate consumers to connect and engage online. With more than 1 million\nactive members, the strength of the community lies in the openness and highly\nimpassioned members it tries to foster and serve.\n\nKey strength: Incredibly strong and impassioned community, one that extends\nbeyond online communities. HOG acts as a connector for enthusiasts around the\nworld.\n\n### 7\\. Lugnet (Lego)\n\nLugnet is an established website and the largest unofficial community of Lego\nfans. Lugnet is mainly composed of adult men, who build elaborate Lego\nprojects, sharing news and images of their creations. As a focused and niche\ngroup of users, the Lugnet community has even been recognized by the Lego\nbrand as being a valuable source of information. As one Lego spokesman said:\n“[Lugnet offers] incredibly valuable insights” in hardware, software, design\nand usability, feedback which informs the brands product development,\nmarketing, and much more.\n\nKey strength: A highly enthusiastic and capable community that is receptive to\nworking closely with the brand to provide a source of feedback which can\ninform product and business decisions.\n\n### 8\\. My Starbucks Idea (Starbucks)\n\nMy Starbucks Idea works on the same principle as the old customer “suggestion\nbox” for the global coffee chain’s 150,000+ members. In the last six years,\nsuggestions from My Starbucks Idea community members has led to the\nimplementation of nearly 300 innovations – from digital tipping, peach green-\ntea lemonade, to the hugely popular ability to enjoy free Wi-Fi. Alex\nWheeler,VP global digital marketing for Starbucks, said that “our passionate\ncustomers and partners have been sharing their ideas with us on My Starbucks\nIdea, and we have listened and acted upon many amazing innovations that we\nhave received from this online community.”\n\nKey strength: Actual implementation and follow through of popular ideas shows\nthat the brand listens to consumers, which inspire ever greater levels of\ninnovation and ideas. A real asset for the brand’s continued progression.\n\n### 9\\. Oracle Community (Oracle)\n\nOracle Community connects the millions of users worldwide who use the\nplatform, whether for personal or for a business function. It enables users to\nask questions on dedicated forums and to solve problems together. Members are\nable to share personal stories, form independent groups, and even build their\nown networks and schedule meetings.\n\nKey strength: A great technical resource, which seeks to aid users in solving\nproblems in any way it can. Very popular among its target audience.\n\n### 10\\. r/Nordstrom1901 (Nordstrom)\n\nWhile many brands feel comfortable on social media platforms such as Twitter,\nor Instagram, where they are able to maintain a level of control of the\ncontent on their channels, the majority seem reluctant to open a channel on\nReddit, put off perhaps by the unabridged openness of the site, and the\nrawness of user-generated comments. Nordstrom, however, felt ready to rise to\nthe challenge, a first for a luxury brand.\n\nThe brand values genuine authenticity, which gives them the bravery to\nfacilitate open conversation with customers via reddit. All initial signs\npoint toward it being a highly positive move for the brand. “We’ve been on\nReddit for about two months,” said Dan Evans Jr., spokesperson for Nordstrom,\nSeattle. “We hope it’s another way for us to respond to and speak with our\ncustomers directly in real-time in a way our customers will enjoy.”\n\nKey strength: Engaging on an open forum such as reddit requires brands to\ncommit to genuine authenticity, consumer-centricity, and social values, which\nensures sentiment for the brand will win a highly positive response. Future-\nproof, and long-term wins.\n\n## Why Should Brands Build A Strong Brand Community?\n\nEach one of the above brand communities offer a unique set of virtues that\nensure their success. To varying degrees, each possesses the three pillars of\nfeedback, advocacy, and support that have come to define a thriving community.\n\nLugnet and My Starbucks Idea offer a unmatchable resource for brands to gain\nfeedback on their product offering and the influence of that feedback has\npermeated into the culture and identity of the company. Harley-Davidson is an\noutstanding example of how a brand can win and engender advocacy. H&R Block\nand Oracle Community offer valuable support resources for consumers.\n\nAnother crucial element of all of these is that all of these networks offer a\nunique value proposition for consumers, whether it be the facilitation and\nsharing of information (SCN, Being Girl, H&R Block, Oracle Community), or a\nplatform for users to connect and share content (Playstation Community,\nFigment).\n\nPerhaps the most important takeaway, and the one which required the greatest\namount of commitment from an organization to deliver, is the boldness and\nauthenticity that enables brands to operate in a way which doesn’t require\ncensorship. It’s a measure of how transparent a company is prepared to be, and\nsomething all brands must eventually aspire toward. The rewards for such\nauthenticity as unmatched (having, for example, the power to transform\nstruggling motorcycle brand Harley-Davidson in the 1980s into the multi-\nmillion dollar global brand they are today).\n\nBuilding such communities requires integration and commitment across\ndepartments within an organization. HBR’s aforementioned study summarized:\n\n> “In today’s turbulent world, people are hungry for a sense of connection;\n> and in lean economic times, every company needs new ways to do more with\n> what it already has. Unfortunately, although many firms aspire to the\n> customer loyalty, marketing efficiency, and brand authenticity that strong\n> communities deliver, few understand what it takes to achieve such benefits.\n> Worse, most subscribe to serious misconceptions about what brand communities\n> are and how they work.”\n\nIt means that brand communities are not, as they are often perceived, a lone\nmarketing or customer support objective, but a business strategy that demands\nauthenticity as a pre-requisite. In establishing one, a brand can look to grow\nand evolve with the expectations and needs of its most valuable customers.\n\n## Written by Pat Hong\n\n### Editor at Linkdex/Inked, Linkdex\n\nPat covers the SEO industry, digital marketing trends, and anything and\neverything around Linkdex. He also authors Linkdex's data analysis and\nreports, analysing the state of search in various industries.\n\n## Browse by topic\n\n * #contentmarketing\n * #culture\n * #customerexperience\n * #data\n * #email\n * #interviews\n * #mobile\n * #paidmedia\n * #reputation\n * #roundup\n * #seo\n * #social\n * #technical\n * #video\n\n## You may also like...\n\n * ### Will 2015 Be The Year Of Branded Social Communities?\n\nBy Pat HongJuly, 2016\n\n * ### 15 Examples of Brand Publishers and Digital Content Hubs\n\nBy Pat HongJuly, 2016\n\n# Inked is published by Linkdex, the SEO platform of choice for professional\nmarketers.\n\n## Discover why brands and agencies choose Linkdex\n\n * Get started fast with easy onboarding & training\n * Import and connect data from other platforms\n * Scale with your business, websites and markets\n * Up-skill teams with training & accreditation\n * Build workflows with tasks, reporting and alerts\n\n#### Products\n\n * Agency Teams\n * In-House Teams\n\nStart a Free Trial\n\n#### Features\n\n * Overview\n * SEO Reporting\n * Visibility Analytics\n * Ranking Intelligence\n * Author Discovery\n\n * SEO Forecasting\n * Content Strategy\n * Crawl Analytics\n * Backlink Insights\n * Project Management\n\n#### Linkdex\n\n * The Company\n * Client Services\n * Press & Media\n * Resources\n\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Facebook\n\n * Terms\n * Privacy\n * DPA\n * Careers\n\n© 2021 Analytics SEO Limited (t/a Authoritas)\n\nwpDiscuz\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/popular", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210625044146/https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/popular", "parsed_text": { "title": "Popular Entries", "passages": [ "Legal Information: Know Your Meme ® is a trademark of Literally Media Ltd. By using this site, you are agreeing by the site's terms of use and privacy policy and DMCA policy. © 2007-2021 Literally Media Ltd." ] }, "parsed_md": "Popular Entries | Know Your Meme\n\nWatch Justin Kuritzkes break down his viral ‘Potion Seller’ video in our\nlatest video interview.\n\nAdvanced Search Protips\n\nWelcome! Login or signup now!\n\n * Shazamposting Is /v/'s Way Of Calling A Bad Game From Years Away\n\n * May And Her Unbeatable Dolphin Have Become The Bane Of 'Guilty Gear Strive' Players\n\n * Pizza Crimes\n\n * Summoning COVID-19 Vaccine Information Disclaimer Opens Way For Some Advanced Memery\n\n * 'I Shoulda Never Smoked That' Becomes Exploitable On Instagram And Twitter\n\n##### Also Trending:\n\nJohn McAfee's Death Granny (Video Game Series) Every Masterpiece Has Its Cheap\nCopy Pizza Crimes Turn It Off TikTok Challenge Brooklyn Blood Pop Dance\nShazamposting William Knight / There Is No Such Thing as a Coincidence\n\n# Popular Entries\n\nBrowsing all 22,699 popular meme entries.\n\n\\+ Add an Entry\n\nLike us on Facebook!\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Slender Man\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Navy Seal Copypasta\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Doge\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°) / Lenny Face \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nConfirmed\n\n## Forever Alone\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Zerg Rush\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Trollface\n\n|\n\nConfirmed Subculture\n\n## My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic \n \nConfirmed\n\n## Me Gusta\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Do A Barrel Roll\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Loss\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Flipping Tables / (╯°□°)╯( ┻━┻ \n \nConfirmed\n\n## Ermahgerd\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Ugandan Knuckles\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Dolan\n\n|\n\nConfirmed\n\n## Yao Ming Face / Bitch Please \n \nPrevious 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1418 1419 Next\n\n### Entry Categories\n\nEvents 2,372 Memes 21,196 People 1,861 Sites 620 Subcultures 2,155\n\n### Today's Top Image Galleries\n\n#### ResetEra\n\n|\n\n#### Engrish \n \n---|--- \n \n#### We're Here to Kill Chaos / Chaosposting\n\n|\n\n#### r/woooosh \n \n### Researching Now\n\n###### (GONE WRONG) (GONE SEXUAL)\n\n 2,473 views\n\n###### Discord Games\n\n 832 views\n\n###### Gay Discord Rules (NSFW)\n\n 8,517 views\n\n###### Bracket Explanations\n\n 977 views\n\n###### It's X [Weekday]\n\n 1,207 views\n\nInfinite Scroll\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n##### About KYM\n\n * Our Story\n * Site Rules\n * Credits\n * Contact\n\n|\n\n##### Meme DB\n\n * Memes\n * Episodes\n * Editorials\n * Images\n * Videos\n\n|\n\n##### KYM News\n\n * Newsfeed\n * Staff\n * Contact\n\n|\n\n##### Extras!\n\n * Chat\n * Forums\n * Style Guide\n * RSS Feeds\n\n|\n\n##### KYM Social\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Tumblr\n\n \n---|---|---|---|--- \n \nLegal Information: Know Your Meme ® is a trademark of Literally Media Ltd. By\nusing this site, you are agreeing by the site's terms of use and privacy\npolicy and DMCA policy. © 2007-2021 Literally Media Ltd.\n\n### Hey! You must login or signup first!\n\n###### Already a memeber?\n\nLogin Now!\n\n|\n\n###### Don't have an account?\n\nSign up Now! \n \n---|--- \n \nNo thanks, take me back to the meme zone!\n\nClose [X]\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://time.com/3732203/the-30-most-influential-people-on-the-internet/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210617031123/https://time.com/3732203/the-30-most-influential-people-on-the-internet/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Meet the most influential people on the Internet", "passages": [ "If we’ve learned anything from the Dress That Broke the Internet, first posted to Tumblr by a 21-year-old singer from Scotland, it’s that anyone with a web connection can start a global conversation. Yes, it helps to be famous in real life. But the rise of social networks has leveled the playing field, allowing unknowns to command audiences rivaling those of real-world leaders, even if by accident. Who rises above the rest? To determine the unranked list, we analyzed social-media followings, site traffic, overall ability to drive news, and more.", "For your security, we've sent a confirmation email to the address you entered. Click the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our newsletters. If you don't get the confirmation within 10 minutes, please check your spam folder.", "Never mind Fox or AMC. With 35 million subscribers (and nearly 8 billion total views), this Swedish gamer’s YouTube channel broadcasts some of the most- watched programs in pop culture, which just so happen to be...clips of himself playing video games, with charismatic narration. Early on in his rise to fame, Kjellberg upset some fans by making rape jokes. But the 25-year-old later apologized, and has since gone on to give indie game-makers invaluable exposure and commandeer his “Bro Army” to raise hundreds of thousands of dollars for charities like Save the Children. —Sarah Begley", "Like many pop stars, the 25-year old “Blank Space” singer has millions of followers across social media. But Swift stands out for how—and how much—she truly engages with them. In the past year alone, she has commented on a fan’s Instagram to comfort her from bullying, made a breakup playlist for a brokenhearted fan on Tumblr, and hosted a bunch of 1989 listening parties specifically for people she found online. Naturally, all of this wit and warmth makes news, giving Swift an invaluable amount of free publicity.—Daniel D’Addario", "A hero to some and a criminal to others, the Jester is one of a growing army of anonymous cyberwarriors, or “hacktivists,” who push the boundaries of the law in the name of their causes. In his case, that means targeting terrorists and hate groups. Since he assumed his persona five years ago, the Jester says he’s taken down more than 180 websites, including some associated with ISIS, and played virtual pranks on groups like the Westboro Baptist Church, which is known for anti-gay rhetoric. (Although all of this is technically illegal, the Jester has never been prosecuted.) Of course, it’s impossible to verify such claims with certainty. But if true, they make him one of the most powerful stand-alone hackers in the world.—Haley Sweetland Edwards", "If you’re a teenager or you’re on Vine, the social media platform that loops six-second videos, you’ve almost definitely heard of Nash Grier. But for the uninitiated: The 17-year-old commands more than 11 million followers on Vine (more than any other user), where his comedic clips have logged some 2 billion views. All of which has made Grier a generational celebrity, replete with a movie contract, appearances on Good Morning America, endorsement deals with Sonic and Virgin Mobile, and the occasional controversy (such as when he used a gay slur in a now-deleted video). In October, Grier was named one of Time’s most influential teens of 2014.—Sarah Begley", "It’s easy to cite facts about the President’s virtual influence: he’s the most-liked world leader on Facebook; the most-followed world leader on Twitter; and he did the most-trafficked “Ask Me Anything” in Reddit history. But more impressively, Obama is able to meme himself to push an agenda. Last month, for example, he mugged for BuzzFeed cameras with a selfie stick—among other props—to remind millennials to sign up for health insurance under the Affordable Care Act; within days, the video had been viewed more than 50 million times.—Olivia B. Waxman", "She may tout millions of fans in real life, but Kardashian, 34, truly stands out on Instagram. There, she has perfected the art of the selfie: some with famous friends, some in luxurious bathrooms, and all to the delight of her 27 million followers. Long a performer in a reality TV show produced and edited by others, Kardashian also deftly uses Twitter to define and defend her own narrative (“Her eyes were closed and I was feeling my look! Can I live?!?” she sniped after being criticized for cropping her daughter out of a selfie), and of course to promote her various business ventures.—Daniel D’Addario", "The 35-year-old blogger has parlayed her design expertise into an “Oh Joy!” lifestyle empire, spanning Pinterest (where she touts a record 13 million followers), YouTube (where she posts DIY design tutorials), Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and yes, even old-fashioned books. More recently, the L.A. resident has started to produce products with brands such as Land of Nod and Target, where many items from her party décor line quickly sold out. In May, she’ll release a line of patterned Band-Aids for Johnson & Johnson.—S.B.", "Alongside Orange Is the New Black’s Laverne Cox, writer and activist Janet Mock is one of the most visible transgender women in America, and she uses her social media platform to educate others about trans issues. Most famously, she took to Twitter to criticize Piers Morgan after his talk-show “sensationaliz[ed]” her life by describing her as “formerly a man” and “a boy until age 18.” (Mock says she has always identified as female.) But the author of Redefining Realness: My Path to Womanhood, Identity, Love & So Much More routinely sheds light on other issues affecting her community, such as the plights of CeCe McDonald and Monica Jones and the disproportionate violence transgender women face.—Nolan Feeney", "The music industry’s first major social-media success story hasn’t released an album in three years. But he still routinely makes headlines, thanks largely to his 23 million Instagram followers (a shot of ex-girlfriend Selena Gomez was rumored to have crashed the app’s servers); 78 million Facebook fans (an apology for his recent erratic behavior went viral); and 61 million Twitter followers (after he revealed his Calvin Klein campaign, it sparked memes, a Saturday Night Live parody and a back-and-forth debate about whether he had been, ahem, digitally enhanced). Next up: his own social network? In 2013 Bieber led a $1.1 million seed investment into Shots, a selfies-only Instagram alternative.—N.F.", "The writer (and former TIME contributor) is the Internet’s leading intellectual when it comes to talking about the intersection of race, politics and culture. His 2014 June cover story for The Atlantic, “The Case for Reparations,” broke the magazine’s single-day online traffic record and stirred debate in conservative and liberal publications alike. Meanwhile, his regular readers, nicknamed the Horde, have helped produce what’s been called the “best comment section on the Internet.”—N.F.", "The 29-year-old YouTube personality started making videos in 2007 to cure spells of boredom while housesitting, but she’s since proved that building a media empire doesn’t require a traditional media background. More than 2 million people subscribe to her YouTube show it’sGrace, which features improvised musings about everything from pop culture to near gastrointestinal disasters. That loyal following paved the way for a book (Grace’s Guide: The Art of Pretending to Be a Grown-Up was a New York Times best-seller), corporate sponsorships (including Windows Phone and Ford Fiesta) and acting roles (she executive produced and starred in the digital feature film Camp Takota). Now, Helbig is poised to become a mainstream star: Her upcoming E! talk show premieres in April.—N.F.", "The former management consultant, 35, commands an army of amateur nutritionists who look to her blog, Food Babe, to see which “unsafe” ingredients they should protest next. She bills herself as an investigator, posting exposés under headlines like “General Mills or Generally Toxic?” Those tactics may sound crass, but they’re remarkably effective. Last year, for example, Hari demanded that Subway stop using azodicarbonamide, a dough conditioner she branded the “yoga mat” ingredient. Within a day, her petition had 50,000 signatures; shortly thereafter, the sandwich chain jettisoned the compound. She’s also successfully targeted Kraft and Anheuser-Busch, among others. Hari’s critics say she’s underqualified and irresponsibly alarmist in her attempt to build her brand. (The yoga-mat compound was ruled safe by the FDA.) But her audience doesn’t seem to mind: Food Babe logged a record 54 million visits last year, and Hari’s first book, The Food Babe Way, is in stores now.—Mandy Oaklander", "When Beyoncé dropped her 2013 self-titled album with no warning online, the 33-year-old pop star created a new model for releasing records (hers sold close to a million copies within a week) and inspired the likes of Drake and Azealia Banks to do the same. But her influence extends well beyond the music business: she’s mastered a kind of visual PR on her Instagram account, where the notoriously private star will post happy family photos whenever rumors of marital strife swirl—a way to dismiss gossip without saying a word. It’s that combination of rare, highly calculated intimacy and a notoriously perfectionist work ethic that drove her “7/11” video, which features Beyoncé dancing around hotels in a sweatshirt and underpants, to reach 160 million views on YouTube. Her fans, known as the Beyhive, are also one of the most active and loyal communities on the web: their vigilant dedication helped inspire a Saturday Night Live skit, “The Beygency,” about what happens when you say something bad about Queen Bey.—N.F.", "In 2008, the 42-year-old actress attempted to rebrand herself as a lifestyle guru with Goop, a website and newsletter meant to cover Paltrow’s favorite fashions, recipes, hotels and more. That risk paid off: Goop now touts some a reported one million subscribers, giving Paltrow the power to drive sales with a single recommendation and the platform to control her own public relations. In 2014 , for example, she used GOOP to announce her “conscious uncoupling” from husband Chris Martin, and the term immediately started trending on Facebook and Twitter. No wonder other celebrities, such as Blake Lively and Jessica Alba, have tried to follow in Paltrow’s footsteps.—D.D.", "The self-consciously wacky YouTube star has converted nearly 6.5 million subscribers not just into followers on Tumblr or podcast subscribers (though he has plenty of both) but into real-world success. This year alone, he interviewed Michelle Obama and his reporting on the Grammys red carpet appeared on CBS.com. He’s also become a leading LGBT activist, raising money for the Trevor Project and speaking out on behalf of gay youth.—D.D.", "The embattled Argentinian president, 62, may well be Twitter‘s most candid—and controversial—politician. Last month, for example, she made global headlines for joking about Chinese accents with her 3.6 million Twitter followers, and in one of her most shared tweets, she declared that the Mother of Dragons was her favorite character in the HBO series Game of Thrones. Sometimes, however, it’s what she doesn’t say that stokes debate. As thousands of people gathered in Buenos Aires earlier this year to mourn the mysterious death of a high- profile prosecutor, her Twitter feed was conspicuously off-topic: “In the Chinese horoscope, I am a snake.”—Noah Rayman", "Arguably the Internet’s most famous citizen journalist, Drudge rose to prominence in 1998 by breaking the news that Newsweek was sitting on a story about Bill Clinton’s affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky. The look of his site hasn’t changed much since then, but the audience has. Drudge Report now racks up almost a billion page views every month—a number that’s bound to increase as the 2016 elections loom larger—and it is at times the top driver of traffic to news websites, outpacing both Twitter and Facebook, according to Pew Research Center.—O.B.W.", "On Chinese micro-blogging site Weibo, the 35-year-old actress touts a record 77 million followers, putting her in command of a population that exceeds the size of most countries. And Yao, who became a Goodwill Ambassador for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in 2013, frequently taps it to advance causes she champions. When she shared a video for an organization dedicated to combatting Pneumoconiosis in 2011, for example, the group raised $32,000 in two weeks, roughly 80 times its average inflow. Yao has also demonstrated a willingness to cross over into social commentary—a risky move in China—by criticizing smog pollution and defending a newspaper against state censors.—N.R.", "The popular fashion and beauty blogger, who boasts 8.3 million YouTube subscribers and has more than 800 million views, is also a bona-fide businesswoman who pulls in more than $500,000 in ad revenue each year. The 19-year-old has released original music, interviewed President Obama, and even oversees her own clothing line at Aéropostale, making her the most Googled designer in the world, ahead of icons like Kate Spade and Oscar de la Renta.—S.G.", "The Russian blogger, 38, won a loyal following by exposing corruption in Vladimir Putin’s regime—or, as he calls it, “poking the crooks with a sharp stick.” One of his posts, for example, alleged a $4 billion corruption scheme at the state-owned oil firm Transneft; it logged a million views in a day. Naturally, this hasn’t sat well with the Kremlin, which has twice tried Navalny and sentenced him to house arrest, and recently accused him of embezzlement. But as long as he has an Internet connection, he will remain a major thorn in Putin’s side—and a force in Russian politics.—N.R.", "Some 8.6 million follow Furlan’s antics on Vine, making her the site’s biggest female celebrity. “It’s changed my whole life,” says the 28-year-old Philadelphia native, who spends anywhere from minutes to days planning the clips she will upload (many of which feature over-the-top characters, such as “Ghetto Dora the Explorer”). Now she’s set her sights set on other projects, as well, including developing a sketch show with Seth Green.—S.G.", "She may not be as personally engaged on social media as some of her contemporaries, but there’s no denying Shakira’s social capital. The two-time Grammy winner touts 107 million Facebook fans—more than any other person on the site, including President Obama and Taylor Swift—giving her an unparalleled platform to promote her work and her causes. A 2013 post asking people to donate money for UNICEF’s “World Baby Shower,” for example, tallied 1.3 million likes, nearly 90,000 shares, and helped raise enough money to provide 80,000 polio vaccines and four tons of food to children worldwide.—S.G.", "The 52-year-old Indonesian political analyst and pollster is an unlikely candidate to compete with the likes of Ellen DeGeneres on Twitter. But in a country where politics and social media have become intertwined, his June tweet backing then-presidential candidate Joko “Jokowi” Widodo was retweeted more than 1 million times, becoming at the time the second most shared missive in the site’s history (after DeGeneres’ infamous Oscars selfie). Jokowi won the election, and Januar Ali continues to share his political insight to his 2 million followers.—N.R.", "Amid the #Gamergate controversy, this Canadian-American feminist became perhaps the most public critic of sexism in the gaming community (via her blog, YouTube channel and Twitter account), which earned her thousands of fans—and almost as many enemies. (She says she received death threats.) More recently, her blog, Feminist Frequency, got funding from Intel’s initiative to promote diversity in tech.—S.B.", "The raunchy comedian is the Internet’s court jester, posting funny photo memes (many of which he lifts from sites like Reddit and Tumblr) and absurdly posed photos of himself, all to the delight—and sometimes chagrin—of his 3.2 million Instagram followers. Now brands have started to pay for exposure to that audience. Last year, Stella Artois flew Ostrovsky to the Cannes Film Festival where he partied with Sharon Stone and poured rosé all over himself (for an Instagram photo). Ostrovsky is also eyeing more traditional media, working on a book and shows for Amazon and Comedy Central.—S.G.", "The 30-year-old photographer behind Humans of New York, the massively popular photo blog, has more than 15 million fans across social media. But his biggest moment happened earlier this year, when he posted a photo of Vidal Chastanet, a 13-year-old student from Brownsville, a neighborhood with one of the highest crime rates in New York. In the caption, Chastanet revealed the person who inspired him most: his principal, Ms. Lopez, because “when we get in trouble, she doesn’t suspend us. She calls us to her office and explains how society was built around us. And she tells us that each time somebody fails out of school, a new jail cell gets built. And one time she made every student stand up, one at a time, and she told each one of us that we matter.” The post eventually sparked a fundraising campaign (set up by Stanton) to send sixth graders from Chastanet’s school to visit Harvard. The initial goal was set at $100,000. In less than three weeks, it raised nearly $1.5 million.—Ashley Ross", "The author, 49, has given Harry Potter new life online, answering fan questions, teasing future projects and revealing uberviral plot extras to her 4.2 million followers on Twitter. Among the buzziest ones: A cryptic riddle about Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, the Potter spinoff screenplay she’s writing, and the fact that there are Jewish wizards at Hogwarts. She’s also especially giving on her fansite, Pottermore, which crashed last July after Rowling posted a new story about Harry Potter as a 30-something.—A.R.", "The Indian Prime Minister has roughly 38 million total followers on Twitter and Facebook, more than any other leader in the world except President Obama. And unlike many of his contemporaries, Modi recognizes that social media can be invaluable when trying to reach India’s 200 million-plus online population directly. Last year, for example, he announced President Obama’s upcoming visit to India on Twitter, bypassing traditional media outlets.—N.R.", "Whereas his Tonight Show predecessor, Jay Leno, traded in bits that were fun but ultimately disposable, 40-year-old Fallon—who came of age with the –Internet—creates can’t-miss moments engineered to go viral. Among them: reuniting the cast of Saved by the Bell nearly 22 years after the finale and coaxing actress Emma Stone into lip-synching to “All I Do Is Win.” That verve has made The Tonight Show a virtual powerhouse. Fallon himself touts 22 million followers on Twitter, more than quadruple the number of rival host Jimmy Kimmel. And his show has 6 million subscribers on YouTube, dwarfing figures from Comedy Central and The Late Show With David Letterman (170,000). “Time slot doesn’t matter to me,” Fallon has said. “If people want to see you, they’ll find you.” To wit: NBC estimates that 70% of The Tonight Show views are happening online.—D.D.", "Is this dress white and gold or black and blue? It’s a question the whole world was asking last week, and the person who prompted it was McNeill, a 21-year-old Scottish singer and guitarist, who uploaded the dress photo from a wedding in Colonsay. Within days, her Tumblr entry had been aggregated by BuzzFeed and virtually every other media outlet, and hundreds of millions of people had weighed in on the debate, including Taylor Swift and Kim Kardashian. Eventually, Roman, the U.K. brand that sells the dress, settled the debate: although the optics in the photo are undeniably wonky, the dress is definitely black and blue.—O.B.W.", "© 2021 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy (Your California Privacy Rights) and Do Not Sell My Personal Information. TIME may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy Terms of Service apply." ] }, "parsed_md": "Meet the most influential people on the Internet | Time\n\n# The 30 Most Influential People on the Internet\n\nBy TIME Staff\n\nMarch 5, 2015 9:21 AM EST\n\nIf we’ve learned anything from the Dress That Broke the Internet, first posted\nto Tumblr by a 21-year-old singer from Scotland, it’s that anyone with a web\nconnection can start a global conversation. Yes, it helps to be famous in real\nlife. But the rise of social networks has leveled the playing field, allowing\nunknowns to command audiences rivaling those of real-world leaders, even if by\naccident. Who rises above the rest? To determine the unranked list, we\nanalyzed social-media followings, site traffic, overall ability to drive news,\nand more.\n\nSubscribe to TIME\n\n### Get The Brief. Sign up to receive the top stories you need to know right\nnow.\n\n## Thank you!\n\nFor your security, we've sent a confirmation email to the address you entered.\nClick the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our\nnewsletters. If you don't get the confirmation within 10 minutes, please check\nyour spam folder.\n\nContact us at letters@time.com.\n\n##\n\nFelix Arvid Ulf Kjellberg (a.k.a. PewDiePie)\n\nNever mind Fox or AMC. With 35 million subscribers (and nearly 8 billion total\nviews), this Swedish gamer’s YouTube channel broadcasts some of the most-\nwatched programs in pop culture, which just so happen to be...clips of himself\nplaying video games, with charismatic narration. Early on in his rise to fame,\nKjellberg upset some fans by making rape jokes. But the 25-year-old later\napologized, and has since gone on to give indie game-makers invaluable\nexposure and commandeer his “Bro Army” to raise hundreds of thousands of\ndollars for charities like Save the Children. —Sarah Begley\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nTaylor Swift\n\nLike many pop stars, the 25-year old “Blank Space” singer has millions of\nfollowers across social media. But Swift stands out for how—and how much—she\ntruly engages with them. In the past year alone, she has commented on a fan’s\nInstagram to comfort her from bullying, made a breakup playlist for a\nbrokenhearted fan on Tumblr, and hosted a bunch of 1989 listening parties\nspecifically for people she found online. Naturally, all of this wit and\nwarmth makes news, giving Swift an invaluable amount of free publicity.—Daniel\nD’Addario\n\n##\n\nThe Jester\n\nA hero to some and a criminal to others, the Jester is one of a growing army\nof anonymous cyberwarriors, or “hacktivists,” who push the boundaries of the\nlaw in the name of their causes. In his case, that means targeting terrorists\nand hate groups. Since he assumed his persona five years ago, the Jester says\nhe’s taken down more than 180 websites, including some associated with ISIS,\nand played virtual pranks on groups like the Westboro Baptist Church, which is\nknown for anti-gay rhetoric. (Although all of this is technically illegal, the\nJester has never been prosecuted.) Of course, it’s impossible to verify such\nclaims with certainty. But if true, they make him one of the most powerful\nstand-alone hackers in the world.—Haley Sweetland Edwards\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nNash Grier\n\nIf you’re a teenager or you’re on Vine, the social media platform that loops\nsix-second videos, you’ve almost definitely heard of Nash Grier. But for the\nuninitiated: The 17-year-old commands more than 11 million followers on Vine\n(more than any other user), where his comedic clips have logged some 2 billion\nviews. All of which has made Grier a generational celebrity, replete with a\nmovie contract, appearances on Good Morning America, endorsement deals with\nSonic and Virgin Mobile, and the occasional controversy (such as when he used\na gay slur in a now-deleted video). In October, Grier was named one of Time’s\nmost influential teens of 2014.—Sarah Begley\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nBarack Obama\n\nIt’s easy to cite facts about the President’s virtual influence: he’s the\nmost-liked world leader on Facebook; the most-followed world leader on\nTwitter; and he did the most-trafficked “Ask Me Anything” in Reddit history.\nBut more impressively, Obama is able to meme himself to push an agenda. Last\nmonth, for example, he mugged for BuzzFeed cameras with a selfie stick—among\nother props—to remind millennials to sign up for health insurance under the\nAffordable Care Act; within days, the video had been viewed more than 50\nmillion times.—Olivia B. Waxman\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nKim Kardashian\n\nShe may tout millions of fans in real life, but Kardashian, 34, truly stands\nout on Instagram. There, she has perfected the art of the selfie: some with\nfamous friends, some in luxurious bathrooms, and all to the delight of her 27\nmillion followers. Long a performer in a reality TV show produced and edited\nby others, Kardashian also deftly uses Twitter to define and defend her own\nnarrative (“Her eyes were closed and I was feeling my look! Can I live?!?” she\nsniped after being criticized for cropping her daughter out of a selfie), and\nof course to promote her various business ventures.—Daniel D’Addario\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nJoy Cho\n\nThe 35-year-old blogger has parlayed her design expertise into an “Oh Joy!”\nlifestyle empire, spanning Pinterest (where she touts a record 13 million\nfollowers), YouTube (where she posts DIY design tutorials), Instagram,\nFacebook, Twitter and yes, even old-fashioned books. More recently, the L.A.\nresident has started to produce products with brands such as Land of Nod and\nTarget, where many items from her party décor line quickly sold out. In May,\nshe’ll release a line of patterned Band-Aids for Johnson & Johnson.—S.B.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nJanet Mock\n\nAlongside Orange Is the New Black’s Laverne Cox, writer and activist Janet\nMock is one of the most visible transgender women in America, and she uses her\nsocial media platform to educate others about trans issues. Most famously, she\ntook to Twitter to criticize Piers Morgan after his talk-show\n“sensationaliz[ed]” her life by describing her as “formerly a man” and “a boy\nuntil age 18.” (Mock says she has always identified as female.) But the author\nof Redefining Realness: My Path to Womanhood, Identity, Love & So Much More\nroutinely sheds light on other issues affecting her community, such as the\nplights of CeCe McDonald and Monica Jones and the disproportionate violence\ntransgender women face.—Nolan Feeney\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nJustin Bieber\n\nThe music industry’s first major social-media success story hasn’t released an\nalbum in three years. But he still routinely makes headlines, thanks largely\nto his 23 million Instagram followers (a shot of ex-girlfriend Selena Gomez\nwas rumored to have crashed the app’s servers); 78 million Facebook fans (an\napology for his recent erratic behavior went viral); and 61 million Twitter\nfollowers (after he revealed his Calvin Klein campaign, it sparked memes, a\nSaturday Night Live parody and a back-and-forth debate about whether he had\nbeen, ahem, digitally enhanced). Next up: his own social network? In 2013\nBieber led a $1.1 million seed investment into Shots, a selfies-only Instagram\nalternative.—N.F.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nTa-Nehisi Coates\n\nThe writer (and former TIME contributor) is the Internet’s leading\nintellectual when it comes to talking about the intersection of race, politics\nand culture. His 2014 June cover story for The Atlantic, “The Case for\nReparations,” broke the magazine’s single-day online traffic record and\nstirred debate in conservative and liberal publications alike. Meanwhile, his\nregular readers, nicknamed the Horde, have helped produce what’s been called\nthe “best comment section on the Internet.”—N.F.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nGrace Helbig\n\nThe 29-year-old YouTube personality started making videos in 2007 to cure\nspells of boredom while housesitting, but she’s since proved that building a\nmedia empire doesn’t require a traditional media background. More than 2\nmillion people subscribe to her YouTube show it’sGrace, which features\nimprovised musings about everything from pop culture to near gastrointestinal\ndisasters. That loyal following paved the way for a book (Grace’s Guide: The\nArt of Pretending to Be a Grown-Up was a New York Times best-seller),\ncorporate sponsorships (including Windows Phone and Ford Fiesta) and acting\nroles (she executive produced and starred in the digital feature film Camp\nTakota). Now, Helbig is poised to become a mainstream star: Her upcoming E!\ntalk show premieres in April.—N.F.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nVani Hari (a.k.a. Food Babe)\n\nThe former management consultant, 35, commands an army of amateur\nnutritionists who look to her blog, Food Babe, to see which “unsafe”\ningredients they should protest next. She bills herself as an investigator,\nposting exposés under headlines like “General Mills or Generally Toxic?” Those\ntactics may sound crass, but they’re remarkably effective. Last year, for\nexample, Hari demanded that Subway stop using azodicarbonamide, a dough\nconditioner she branded the “yoga mat” ingredient. Within a day, her petition\nhad 50,000 signatures; shortly thereafter, the sandwich chain jettisoned the\ncompound. She’s also successfully targeted Kraft and Anheuser-Busch, among\nothers. Hari’s critics say she’s underqualified and irresponsibly alarmist in\nher attempt to build her brand. (The yoga-mat compound was ruled safe by the\nFDA.) But her audience doesn’t seem to mind: Food Babe logged a record 54\nmillion visits last year, and Hari’s first book, The Food Babe Way, is in\nstores now.—Mandy Oaklander\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nBeyoncé\n\nWhen Beyoncé dropped her 2013 self-titled album with no warning online, the\n33-year-old pop star created a new model for releasing records (hers sold\nclose to a million copies within a week) and inspired the likes of Drake and\nAzealia Banks to do the same. But her influence extends well beyond the music\nbusiness: she’s mastered a kind of visual PR on her Instagram account, where\nthe notoriously private star will post happy family photos whenever rumors of\nmarital strife swirl—a way to dismiss gossip without saying a word. It’s that\ncombination of rare, highly calculated intimacy and a notoriously\nperfectionist work ethic that drove her “7/11” video, which features Beyoncé\ndancing around hotels in a sweatshirt and underpants, to reach 160 million\nviews on YouTube. Her fans, known as the Beyhive, are also one of the most\nactive and loyal communities on the web: their vigilant dedication helped\ninspire a Saturday Night Live skit, “The Beygency,” about what happens when\nyou say something bad about Queen Bey.—N.F.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nGwyneth Paltrow\n\nIn 2008, the 42-year-old actress attempted to rebrand herself as a lifestyle\nguru with Goop, a website and newsletter meant to cover Paltrow’s favorite\nfashions, recipes, hotels and more. That risk paid off: Goop now touts some a\nreported one million subscribers, giving Paltrow the power to drive sales with\na single recommendation and the platform to control her own public relations.\nIn 2014 , for example, she used GOOP to announce her “conscious uncoupling”\nfrom husband Chris Martin, and the term immediately started trending on\nFacebook and Twitter. No wonder other celebrities, such as Blake Lively and\nJessica Alba, have tried to follow in Paltrow’s footsteps.—D.D.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nTyler Oakley\n\nThe self-consciously wacky YouTube star has converted nearly 6.5 million\nsubscribers not just into followers on Tumblr or podcast subscribers (though\nhe has plenty of both) but into real-world success. This year alone, he\ninterviewed Michelle Obama and his reporting on the Grammys red carpet\nappeared on CBS.com. He’s also become a leading LGBT activist, raising money\nfor the Trevor Project and speaking out on behalf of gay youth.—D.D.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nCristina Fernández de Kirchner\n\nThe embattled Argentinian president, 62, may well be Twitter‘s most candid—and\ncontroversial—politician. Last month, for example, she made global headlines\nfor joking about Chinese accents with her 3.6 million Twitter followers, and\nin one of her most shared tweets, she declared that the Mother of Dragons was\nher favorite character in the HBO series Game of Thrones. Sometimes, however,\nit’s what she doesn’t say that stokes debate. As thousands of people gathered\nin Buenos Aires earlier this year to mourn the mysterious death of a high-\nprofile prosecutor, her Twitter feed was conspicuously off-topic: “In the\nChinese horoscope, I am a snake.”—Noah Rayman\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nMatt Drudge\n\nArguably the Internet’s most famous citizen journalist, Drudge rose to\nprominence in 1998 by breaking the news that Newsweek was sitting on a story\nabout Bill Clinton’s affair with White House intern Monica Lewinsky. The look\nof his site hasn’t changed much since then, but the audience has. Drudge\nReport now racks up almost a billion page views every month—a number that’s\nbound to increase as the 2016 elections loom larger—and it is at times the top\ndriver of traffic to news websites, outpacing both Twitter and Facebook,\naccording to Pew Research Center.—O.B.W.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nYao Chen\n\nOn Chinese micro-blogging site Weibo, the 35-year-old actress touts a record\n77 million followers, putting her in command of a population that exceeds the\nsize of most countries. And Yao, who became a Goodwill Ambassador for the\nUnited Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in 2013, frequently taps it to\nadvance causes she champions. When she shared a video for an organization\ndedicated to combatting Pneumoconiosis in 2011, for example, the group raised\n$32,000 in two weeks, roughly 80 times its average inflow. Yao has also\ndemonstrated a willingness to cross over into social commentary—a risky move\nin China—by criticizing smog pollution and defending a newspaper against state\ncensors.—N.R.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nBethany Mota\n\nThe popular fashion and beauty blogger, who boasts 8.3 million YouTube\nsubscribers and has more than 800 million views, is also a bona-fide\nbusinesswoman who pulls in more than $500,000 in ad revenue each year. The\n19-year-old has released original music, interviewed President Obama, and even\noversees her own clothing line at Aéropostale, making her the most Googled\ndesigner in the world, ahead of icons like Kate Spade and Oscar de la\nRenta.—S.G.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nAlexei Navalny\n\nThe Russian blogger, 38, won a loyal following by exposing corruption in\nVladimir Putin’s regime—or, as he calls it, “poking the crooks with a sharp\nstick.” One of his posts, for example, alleged a $4 billion corruption scheme\nat the state-owned oil firm Transneft; it logged a million views in a day.\nNaturally, this hasn’t sat well with the Kremlin, which has twice tried\nNavalny and sentenced him to house arrest, and recently accused him of\nembezzlement. But as long as he has an Internet connection, he will remain a\nmajor thorn in Putin’s side—and a force in Russian politics.—N.R.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nBrittany Furlan\n\nSome 8.6 million follow Furlan’s antics on Vine, making her the site’s biggest\nfemale celebrity. “It’s changed my whole life,” says the 28-year-old\nPhiladelphia native, who spends anywhere from minutes to days planning the\nclips she will upload (many of which feature over-the-top characters, such as\n“Ghetto Dora the Explorer”). Now she’s set her sights set on other projects,\nas well, including developing a sketch show with Seth Green.—S.G.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nShakira\n\nShe may not be as personally engaged on social media as some of her\ncontemporaries, but there’s no denying Shakira’s social capital. The two-time\nGrammy winner touts 107 million Facebook fans—more than any other person on\nthe site, including President Obama and Taylor Swift—giving her an\nunparalleled platform to promote her work and her causes. A 2013 post asking\npeople to donate money for UNICEF’s “World Baby Shower,” for example, tallied\n1.3 million likes, nearly 90,000 shares, and helped raise enough money to\nprovide 80,000 polio vaccines and four tons of food to children\nworldwide.—S.G.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nDenny Januar Ali\n\nThe 52-year-old Indonesian political analyst and pollster is an unlikely\ncandidate to compete with the likes of Ellen DeGeneres on Twitter. But in a\ncountry where politics and social media have become intertwined, his June\ntweet backing then-presidential candidate Joko “Jokowi” Widodo was retweeted\nmore than 1 million times, becoming at the time the second most shared missive\nin the site’s history (after DeGeneres’ infamous Oscars selfie). Jokowi won\nthe election, and Januar Ali continues to share his political insight to his 2\nmillion followers.—N.R.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nAnita Sarkeesian\n\nAmid the #Gamergate controversy, this Canadian-American feminist became\nperhaps the most public critic of sexism in the gaming community (via her\nblog, YouTube channel and Twitter account), which earned her thousands of\nfans—and almost as many enemies. (She says she received death threats.) More\nrecently, her blog, Feminist Frequency, got funding from Intel’s initiative to\npromote diversity in tech.—S.B.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nJosh Ostrovsky (a.k.a. The Fat Jew)\n\nThe raunchy comedian is the Internet’s court jester, posting funny photo memes\n(many of which he lifts from sites like Reddit and Tumblr) and absurdly posed\nphotos of himself, all to the delight—and sometimes chagrin—of his 3.2 million\nInstagram followers. Now brands have started to pay for exposure to that\naudience. Last year, Stella Artois flew Ostrovsky to the Cannes Film Festival\nwhere he partied with Sharon Stone and poured rosé all over himself (for an\nInstagram photo). Ostrovsky is also eyeing more traditional media, working on\na book and shows for Amazon and Comedy Central.—S.G.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nBrandon Stanton\n\nThe 30-year-old photographer behind Humans of New York, the massively popular\nphoto blog, has more than 15 million fans across social media. But his biggest\nmoment happened earlier this year, when he posted a photo of Vidal Chastanet,\na 13-year-old student from Brownsville, a neighborhood with one of the highest\ncrime rates in New York. In the caption, Chastanet revealed the person who\ninspired him most: his principal, Ms. Lopez, because “when we get in trouble,\nshe doesn’t suspend us. She calls us to her office and explains how society\nwas built around us. And she tells us that each time somebody fails out of\nschool, a new jail cell gets built. And one time she made every student stand\nup, one at a time, and she told each one of us that we matter.” The post\neventually sparked a fundraising campaign (set up by Stanton) to send sixth\ngraders from Chastanet’s school to visit Harvard. The initial goal was set at\n$100,000. In less than three weeks, it raised nearly $1.5 million.—Ashley Ross\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nJ.K. Rowling\n\nThe author, 49, has given Harry Potter new life online, answering fan\nquestions, teasing future projects and revealing uberviral plot extras to her\n4.2 million followers on Twitter. Among the buzziest ones: A cryptic riddle\nabout Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, the Potter spinoff screenplay\nshe’s writing, and the fact that there are Jewish wizards at Hogwarts. She’s\nalso especially giving on her fansite, Pottermore, which crashed last July\nafter Rowling posted a new story about Harry Potter as a 30-something.—A.R.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nNarendra Modi\n\nThe Indian Prime Minister has roughly 38 million total followers on Twitter\nand Facebook, more than any other leader in the world except President Obama.\nAnd unlike many of his contemporaries, Modi recognizes that social media can\nbe invaluable when trying to reach India’s 200 million-plus online population\ndirectly. Last year, for example, he announced President Obama’s upcoming\nvisit to India on Twitter, bypassing traditional media outlets.—N.R.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nJimmy Fallon\n\nWhereas his Tonight Show predecessor, Jay Leno, traded in bits that were fun\nbut ultimately disposable, 40-year-old Fallon—who came of age with the\n–Internet—creates can’t-miss moments engineered to go viral. Among them:\nreuniting the cast of Saved by the Bell nearly 22 years after the finale and\ncoaxing actress Emma Stone into lip-synching to “All I Do Is Win.” That verve\nhas made The Tonight Show a virtual powerhouse. Fallon himself touts 22\nmillion followers on Twitter, more than quadruple the number of rival host\nJimmy Kimmel. And his show has 6 million subscribers on YouTube, dwarfing\nfigures from Comedy Central and The Late Show With David Letterman (170,000).\n“Time slot doesn’t matter to me,” Fallon has said. “If people want to see you,\nthey’ll find you.” To wit: NBC estimates that 70% of The Tonight Show views\nare happening online.—D.D.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##\n\nCaitlin McNeill\n\nIs this dress white and gold or black and blue? It’s a question the whole\nworld was asking last week, and the person who prompted it was McNeill, a\n21-year-old Scottish singer and guitarist, who uploaded the dress photo from a\nwedding in Colonsay. Within days, her Tumblr entry had been aggregated by\nBuzzFeed and virtually every other media outlet, and hundreds of millions of\npeople had weighed in on the debate, including Taylor Swift and Kim\nKardashian. Eventually, Roman, the U.K. brand that sells the dress, settled\nthe debate: although the optics in the photo are undeniably wonky, the dress\nis definitely black and blue.—O.B.W.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Read More From TIME\n\n## Related Stories\n\nYou have reached your limit of 4 free articles.\n\nGet unlimited access to TIME.com. Subscribe and get 1 year for just $19.99.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\nAlready a print subscriber? Go here to link your subscription.\n\nNeed help? Visit our Help Center.\n\nThank you for reading TIME. You have a limited number of free articles.\n\nYou have 3 free articles left. Get 1 year for just $19.99.\n\nYou have 2 free articles left. Get 1 year for just $19.99.\n\nYou have 1 free article left. 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This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Service apply.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-to-become-an-online-celebrityand-get-paid-for-it-1422244842", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506170117/https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-to-become-an-online-celebrityand-get-paid-for-it-1422244842", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Become an Online Celebrity—and Get Paid for It", "passages": [ "Some top bloggers can rake in an income of $100,000 a year from advertising that appears on their blog. On Twitter, an influential name can command $100 for writing a tweet mentioning a sponsor’s product, while a YouTube sensation can get $25,000 for making a video that talks about an advertiser.", "But getting to that level isn’t easy. Attracting a lasting audience and eager advertisers takes planning and constant adjustment along the way.", "“It’s short-form content, but it’s a long game,” says Rob Fishman, co-founder of Niche, a service that matches social-media personalities with advertisers." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Become an Online Celebrity—and Get Paid for It - WSJ\n\n# The Wall Street Journal\n\nSubscribeSign In\n\nEnglish Edition\n\n * English\n * 中文 (Chinese)\n * 日本語 (Japanese)\n\nPrint Edition\n\nVideo\n\nPodcasts\n\nLatest Headlines\n\nSubscribeSign In\n\nShare\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Copy Link\n\n# How to Become an Online Celebrity—and Get Paid for It\n\n## The Secrets Social-Media Stars Use to Pull in Big Incomes on Twitter,\nYouTube and Blogs\n\n#### Jerome Jarre built a million-person following on Vine by filming friendly\nencounters with strangers on the street.\n\nPhoto: YouTube\n\nBy Kevin Brass\n\nJanuary 26, 2015\n\nBeing a social-media celebrity can be a lucrative business.\n\nSome top bloggers can rake in an income of $100,000 a year from advertising\nthat appears on their blog. On Twitter, an influential name can command $100\nfor writing a tweet mentioning a sponsor’s product, while a YouTube sensation\ncan get $25,000 for making a video that talks about an advertiser.\n\nBut getting to that level isn’t easy. Attracting a lasting audience and eager\nadvertisers takes planning and constant adjustment along the way.\n\n“It’s short-form content, but it’s a long game,” says Rob Fishman, co-founder\nof Niche, a service that matches social-media personalities with advertisers.\n\nHere’s what the pros have to say about the best techniques for turning online\ncelebrity into a well-paying career.\n\nTo Read the Full Story\n\nSubscribe Sign In\n\n### Continue reading your article with a WSJ membership\n\nView Membership Options\n\nSponsored Offers\n\n * TurboTax: Start today & save up to $20 with TurboTax 2021\n * H&R Block Tax: H&R Block discount 2021 - 35% off new tax prep software\n * Target: Receive 20% discount on your order - Target Promo Code 2021\n * Samsung: 30% off smartphones - Samsung promo code\n * AT&T Wireless: Save with AT&T Wireless promo codes now!\n * Microsoft Store: Microsoft Coupon - 10% off for all Military personnel\n\n## Most Popular News\n\n * #### U.S. Backs Waiver of Intellectual Property Protection for Covid-19 Vaccines\n\n * #### Peloton Recalls All Treadmills as CEO Apologizes\n\n * #### Dogecoin’s 12,000% Rally Spurs Hunt for Next Crypto Winner\n\n * #### Federal Judge Invalidates National Eviction Moratorium\n\n * #### Bill Gates Transfers Nearly $2.4 Billion Worth of Stock to Melinda Gates Amid Divorce\n\n## Most Popular Opinion\n\n * #### Opinion: Democrats Are Killing the American Dream\n\n * #### Opinion: Purging Liz Cheney\n\n * #### Opinion: Voters Can Spot Radical Left-Wing Policy\n\n * #### Opinion: Biden’s Vaccine Patent Theft\n\n * #### Opinion: America’s Welfare State Is on Borrowed Time\n\n## Most Popular Videos\n\n * #### SpaceX Successfully Lands Starship for the First Time\n\n * #### What Facebook Panel’s Decision Means for Trump, Social Networks\n\n * #### India’s Covid-19 Surge Puts Pressure on Global Vaccine Effort\n\n * #### Video Shows Deadly Mexico City Train Crash and Aftermath\n\n * #### Tech Companies Depend on China for Rare Earths. Can That Change?\n\n#### JOURNAL REPORTS\n\n * College Rankings\n * Energy\n * Funds/ETFs\n * Health Care\n * Leadership\n * Retirement\n * Small Business\n * Technology\n * Wealth Management\n\n## Most Popular Videos\n\n * #### SpaceX Successfully Lands Starship for the First Time\n\n * #### What Facebook Panel’s Decision Means for Trump, Social Networks\n\n * #### India’s Covid-19 Surge Puts Pressure on Global Vaccine Effort\n\n * #### Video Shows Deadly Mexico City Train Crash and Aftermath\n\n * #### Tech Companies Depend on China for Rare Earths. Can That Change?\n\n## Most Popular News\n\n * #### U.S. Backs Waiver of Intellectual Property Protection for Covid-19 Vaccines\n\n * #### Peloton Recalls All Treadmills as CEO Apologizes\n\n * #### Dogecoin’s 12,000% Rally Spurs Hunt for Next Crypto Winner\n\n * #### Federal Judge Invalidates National Eviction Moratorium\n\n * #### Bill Gates Transfers Nearly $2.4 Billion Worth of Stock to Melinda Gates Amid Divorce\n\n## Most Popular Opinion\n\n * #### Opinion: Democrats Are Killing the American Dream\n\n * #### Opinion: Purging Liz Cheney\n\n * #### Opinion: Voters Can Spot Radical Left-Wing Policy\n\n * #### Opinion: Biden’s Vaccine Patent Theft\n\n * #### Opinion: America’s Welfare State Is on Borrowed Time\n\n#### JOURNAL REPORTS\n\n * College Rankings\n * Energy\n * Funds/ETFs\n * Health Care\n * Leadership\n * Retirement\n * Small Business\n * Technology\n * Wealth Management\n\n * The Wall Street Journal\n * English Edition\n\n * English\n * 中文 (Chinese)\n * 日本語 (Japanese)\n * * Subscribe Now\n * Sign In\n\nWSJ Membership\n\n * WSJ+ Membership Benefits\n * Subscription Options\n * Why Subscribe?\n * Corporate Subscriptions\n * Professor Journal\n * Student Journal\n * WSJ High School Program\n * WSJ Amenity Program\n * Public Library Program\n * WSJ Live\n\nCustomer Service\n\n * Customer Center\n * Contact Us\n\nTools & Features\n\n * Emails & Alerts\n * Guides\n * Topics\n * My News\n * RSS Feeds\n * Video Center\n * Watchlist\n * Podcasts\n\nAds\n\n * Advertise\n * Commercial Real Estate Ads\n * Place a Classified Ad\n * Sell Your Business\n * Sell Your Home\n * Recruitment & Career Ads\n * Coupons\n\nMore\n\n * About Us\n * Commercial Partnerships\n * Content Partnerships\n * Corrections\n * Jobs at WSJ\n * News Archive\n * Register for Free\n * Reprints\n * Buy Issues\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n * Podcasts\n * Snapchat\n * Google Play\n * App Store\n\nDow Jones Products\n\n * Barron's\n * BigCharts\n * Dow Jones Newswires\n * Factiva\n * Financial News\n * Mansion Global\n * MarketWatch\n * Private Markets\n * Risk & Compliance\n * WSJ Pro\n * WSJ Video\n * WSJ Wine\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Cookie Notice\n * Copyright Policy\n * Data Policy\n * Subscriber Agreement & Terms of Use\n * Your Ad Choices\n * Copyright ©2021 Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/social-issues/how-to-become-internet-famous-in-under-a-year/2016/01/12/09280804-b873-11e5-b682-4bb4dd403c7d_story.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200520181605/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/social-issues/how-to-become-internet-famous-in-under-a-year/2016/01/12/09280804-b873-11e5-b682-4bb4dd403c7d_story.html?utm_term=.8d7dd8122ce0", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to become Internet-famous in under a year", "passages": [ "The first step to becoming Internet-famous, according to people who know about such things, is recognizing what makes you extraordinary.", "One guy earned 1.7 million Instagram followers on the strength of his “man- bun.” Another person pulled in 4 million YouTube fans after perfecting the histrionics of the “fangirl.” One man soared into stardom because he likes shooting big guns on camera and his 15 million followers like watching it.", "Myha Luong’s discovery of what made her remarkable occurred in the most unremarkable of places — a nail salon in a Capitol Heights, Md., strip mall. Crammed between a Chinese takeout joint and a check-cashing operation, inside Luong’s Lovely Nails, the 25-year-old has transformed herself from an obscure high school dropout into one of the nation’s most famous nail stylists.", "How this happened is a familiar tale of fame’s changing nature in a rapidly interconnected world. For decades, celebrities were the product of gatekeepers and management companies, trotted out fully formed, freshly coiffed. But Luong belongs to a raw and growing class of celebrity that has bypassed this process for the democracy of social media, where worth isn’t measured in paychecks or movie roles but in number of clicks and likes.", "And few bring in the clicks like Lovely Mimi — Luong’s online alias. In the past year, amid a creative deluge in which she’s posted hundreds of short videos, Luong has collected more than 1 million social media followers. In these videos, Luong, who wears fake nails, fake eyelashes and hair dyed like a snow cone, oscillates between the stereotypical accents of urban America. First there’s the Vietnamese nail stylist. Then there’s the African American customer. The valley girl. The angry driver.", "Vietnamese American Myha Luong had a hard time finding her key to fame, but in less than a year she has managed to attract more than a million social followers. (@lovely.mimi_/Instagram)", "“As a Vietnamese girl in this generation, I NEVER see Vietnamese young ladies like you,” one fan wrote. “I LOVE it.”", "“I’ve been floating around the Internet a lot lately, being known as the most ratchet Asian girl you’re ever going to meet,” Luong said in one recent video that received 19,000 likes, using a slang term that generally means urban and classless. “I’ll take it!”", "Weeks later, Luong sat in her nail salon. Her hair was now bright pink. She’d just finished doing one woman’s nails and another’s eyelashes, and she was catching a quiet moment before another customer, invariably informed of her salon through social media, strolled in. So she pulled out her phone and scrolled through hundreds of fan messages.", "“I think it’s crazy, too,” she said, putting down her phone. “I get 1,000 new followers every day. I don’t know how they found me.”", "It’s entirely possible — in fact, highly likely — that you’ve never heard of Lovely Mimi. This wouldn’t be surprising. Most Internet stars operate in parallel societies in which they reach millions, but remain unknown in a household sense.", "Jenna Marbles, for example, commands a listening base of nearly 16 million YouTube subscribers, but few people older than 30 know who she is. The same goes for teen Lauren Giraldo, who accrued 3.3 million followers because of her satirical Vine videos.", "“The digital media landscape will always be biased toward discrete channels, whereas the television landscape is based toward melting-pot values,” said Douglas Rushkoff, a professor of media theory at Queens College in New York. “The big blue marble of the television era is giving way to micro-segments. And if you’re popular in one segment, people in others won’t know you.”", "The broad commonality these celebrities have is that they plugged into an untapped community. “Part of [online success] is being the first one in to whatever the niche is and trying to draw attention to it,” said Brooke Duffy, professor of advertising at Temple University. People, she said, desperately want to relate to celebrities and see themselves reflected in their behavior. In that sense, she added, Internet celebrities convey underrepresented identities in popular culture.", "Growing up, Luong never saw anyone who looked or sounded like her when she watched television. She was born in Vietnam, and her family came to the United States as refugees in 1993 when Luong, nine years younger than her closest sibling, was a toddler. The family settled into a Silver Spring, Md., apartment and enrolled Luong in public school, where she developed a personality that mimicked her surroundings rather than her family.", "“She was always wanting to be popular,” older sister Thu-Lan Luong said. She said her younger sister was a gifted violin player but stopped playing at a young age and started focusing on fitting in. She became enamored with Air Jordans, braided her hair into corn rows and started calling herself “Myha bling-bling.” She also started getting into trouble.", "Between the ages of 12 and 16, she went into and out of juvenile detention facilities, though she declines to discuss her time there. “Do I have to talk about that?” she asked.", "“My problem was rebellion,” Myha Luong said. “My sister told me all of my life I was chasing popularity. That was my problem . . . . I started chasing after popularity.”", "She said she could have gone back to school when she got out — and tried once — but dropped out her senior year and never earned her GED diploma. She gave birth to her first child at the age of 17 and soon found herself in a nail salon. “I started because I’m Vietnamese and all Vietnamese do nails,” Luong, who’s married and has three children, said with a laugh. “If I was Chinese, I’d be at the carryout.”", "It takes a certain fearlessness to joke about such things. But that boldness, Luong said, is what makes her remarkable. It’s what makes her different. It’s what, she thought, could work on the Internet.", "“I like to talk about dirty stuff and the stuff that people are afraid to say,” she said. “The world is so self-conscious. There’s no such thing as acting black or acting white or punk rock — there are all types of different races in these groups, and you shouldn’t categorize by color.”", "So soon after she opened up Lovely Nails last year, in a gambit to attract customers, she started posting videos to Instagram.", "Things didn’t go well at first. Few customers dropped by Lovely Nails, and no matter what she tried, Lovely Mimi couldn’t get past 5,000 followers. “I was trying to get followers for the longest time,” she said. But pictures and videos depicting her family life didn’t attract many followers. Then on April 29, she posted a short video. It showed her in her car, hair dyed neon green, breaking into a Vietnamese accent. It snared more than 1,000 likes — more than anything she’d done.", "This is the crucial moment in cultivating a fiefdom of followers, experts say. Budding social-media stars need to recognize what works, then consistently deliver on it. It is “knowing who you are and what you want to talk about and being very specific,” said Julie Kennedy, senior director of talent at Fullscreen, a social media company. “Then have something that’s unique to you.”", "And indeed, almost every day afterward, Luong uploaded videos, normally shot by herself while she sat at the wheel of her car. The topics included eating well, dealing drugs, road rage and nail salons — everything delivered in a stream of accents. It provided so much material that in late August, a Houston promoter with 160,000 Facebook followers who calls himself “Arron the Don,” came across Luong, made a compilation video and uploaded it.", "“Ever seen a ghetto asian black girl?” Arron the Don wrote in the caption. “If not . . . meet crazy [expletive] Mimi.”", "The video shot to 10.5 million views, spawned 48,000 comments and was shared nearly 240,000 times. And, most importantly, it promoted Luong, bringing in cascades of followers to her Instagram and Facebook accounts. Husband Remy Skinner, who sometimes lurks in the background of her videos, said strangers were soon recognizing him in the streets. “Our whole lifestyle changed,” he said. “I can’t even go the Subway shop without someone making a big deal. It feels like I’m the celebrity, and I’m just the husband!”", "The young family hopes more people will soon make a big deal. Luong has since tried standup comedy — though those outings weren’t as successful as her videos — and wants something more sustainable, such as a reality TV show. “I like doing nails,” she said. “but my passion for it isn’t as strong as being a comedian. I’m good, but I could be better.”", "Still, in the meantime, she’s happy that business has picked up at Lovely Nails. On a recent Friday morning, customers filtered in and out of the shop. Luong stooped over Rayshell Hardy’s fingernails, bedazzling one with gems. Asked how she heard about Lovely Nails, Hardy’s response was immediate: “Instagram.”", "Keep supporting great journalism by turning off your ad blocker. Or purchase a subscription for unlimited access to real news you can count on." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to become Internet-famous in under a year - The Washington Post\n\n * My Post\n * My Reading List\n * Account Settings\n * Newsletters & alerts\n * Gift subscriptions\n * Contact us\n * Help desk\n\n * Accessibility for screenreader\n\nSocial Issues\n\n# How to become Internet-famous in under a year\n\nAdd to list\n\nOn my list\n\nMyha Luong, \"Lovely Mimi,\" a Vietnamese immigrant, high school dropout,\nCapitol Heights nail stylist and a rising Internet star. (Nikki Kahn/The\nWashington Post)\n\nBy Terrence McCoy\n\nTerrence McCoy\n\nReporter covering social issues\n\nEmail Bio Follow\n\nJanuary 12, 2016\n\nThe first step to becoming Internet-famous, according to people who know about\nsuch things, is recognizing what makes you extraordinary.\n\nOne guy earned 1.7 million Instagram followers on the strength of his “man-\nbun.” Another person pulled in 4 million YouTube fans after perfecting the\nhistrionics of the “fangirl.” One man soared into stardom because he likes\nshooting big guns on camera and his 15 million followers like watching it.\n\nMyha Luong’s discovery of what made her remarkable occurred in the most\nunremarkable of places — a nail salon in a Capitol Heights, Md., strip mall.\nCrammed between a Chinese takeout joint and a check-cashing operation, inside\nLuong’s Lovely Nails, the 25-year-old has transformed herself from an obscure\nhigh school dropout into one of the nation’s most famous nail stylists.\n\nHow this happened is a familiar tale of fame’s changing nature in a rapidly\ninterconnected world. For decades, celebrities were the product of gatekeepers\nand management companies, trotted out fully formed, freshly coiffed. But Luong\nbelongs to a raw and growing class of celebrity that has bypassed this process\nfor the democracy of social media, where worth isn’t measured in paychecks or\nmovie roles but in number of clicks and likes.\n\nAnd few bring in the clicks like Lovely Mimi — Luong’s online alias. In the\npast year, amid a creative deluge in which she’s posted hundreds of short\nvideos, Luong has collected more than 1 million social media followers. In\nthese videos, Luong, who wears fake nails, fake eyelashes and hair dyed like a\nsnow cone, oscillates between the stereotypical accents of urban America.\nFirst there’s the Vietnamese nail stylist. Then there’s the African American\ncustomer. The valley girl. The angry driver.\n\nVietnamese American Myha Luong had a hard time finding her key to fame, but in\nless than a year she has managed to attract more than a million social\nfollowers. (@lovely.mimi_/Instagram)\n\nIt’s funny. It’s crude. It’s offensive. Her fans love it.\n\n“My Asian Sensation!!!” one person wrote to her.\n\n“Why are you so funny?” another person said.\n\n“As a Vietnamese girl in this generation, I NEVER see Vietnamese young ladies\nlike you,” one fan wrote. “I LOVE it.”\n\n“I’ve been floating around the Internet a lot lately, being known as the most\nratchet Asian girl you’re ever going to meet,” Luong said in one recent video\nthat received 19,000 likes, using a slang term that generally means urban and\nclassless. “I’ll take it!”\n\nWeeks later, Luong sat in her nail salon. Her hair was now bright pink. She’d\njust finished doing one woman’s nails and another’s eyelashes, and she was\ncatching a quiet moment before another customer, invariably informed of her\nsalon through social media, strolled in. So she pulled out her phone and\nscrolled through hundreds of fan messages.\n\n“I think it’s crazy, too,” she said, putting down her phone. “I get 1,000 new\nfollowers every day. I don’t know how they found me.”\n\n‘Myha bling-bling’\n\nIt’s entirely possible — in fact, highly likely — that you’ve never heard of\nLovely Mimi. This wouldn’t be surprising. Most Internet stars operate in\nparallel societies in which they reach millions, but remain unknown in a\nhousehold sense.\n\nJenna Marbles, for example, commands a listening base of nearly 16 million\nYouTube subscribers, but few people older than 30 know who she is. The same\ngoes for teen Lauren Giraldo, who accrued 3.3 million followers because of her\nsatirical Vine videos.\n\n“The digital media landscape will always be biased toward discrete channels,\nwhereas the television landscape is based toward melting-pot values,” said\nDouglas Rushkoff, a professor of media theory at Queens College in New York.\n“The big blue marble of the television era is giving way to micro-segments.\nAnd if you’re popular in one segment, people in others won’t know you.”\n\nThe broad commonality these celebrities have is that they plugged into an\nuntapped community. “Part of [online success] is being the first one in to\nwhatever the niche is and trying to draw attention to it,” said Brooke Duffy,\nprofessor of advertising at Temple University. People, she said, desperately\nwant to relate to celebrities and see themselves reflected in their behavior.\nIn that sense, she added, Internet celebrities convey underrepresented\nidentities in popular culture.\n\n“That’s the long critique of mainstream media,” she said. “Its lack of\ndiversity.”\n\nGrowing up, Luong never saw anyone who looked or sounded like her when she\nwatched television. She was born in Vietnam, and her family came to the United\nStates as refugees in 1993 when Luong, nine years younger than her closest\nsibling, was a toddler. The family settled into a Silver Spring, Md.,\napartment and enrolled Luong in public school, where she developed a\npersonality that mimicked her surroundings rather than her family.\n\n“She was always wanting to be popular,” older sister Thu-Lan Luong said. She\nsaid her younger sister was a gifted violin player but stopped playing at a\nyoung age and started focusing on fitting in. She became enamored with Air\nJordans, braided her hair into corn rows and started calling herself “Myha\nbling-bling.” She also started getting into trouble.\n\nBetween the ages of 12 and 16, she went into and out of juvenile detention\nfacilities, though she declines to discuss her time there. “Do I have to talk\nabout that?” she asked.\n\n“My problem was rebellion,” Myha Luong said. “My sister told me all of my life\nI was chasing popularity. That was my problem . . . . I started chasing after\npopularity.”\n\nShe said she could have gone back to school when she got out — and tried once\n— but dropped out her senior year and never earned her GED diploma. She gave\nbirth to her first child at the age of 17 and soon found herself in a nail\nsalon. “I started because I’m Vietnamese and all Vietnamese do nails,” Luong,\nwho’s married and has three children, said with a laugh. “If I was Chinese,\nI’d be at the carryout.”\n\nIt takes a certain fearlessness to joke about such things. But that boldness,\nLuong said, is what makes her remarkable. It’s what makes her different. It’s\nwhat, she thought, could work on the Internet.\n\n“I like to talk about dirty stuff and the stuff that people are afraid to\nsay,” she said. “The world is so self-conscious. There’s no such thing as\nacting black or acting white or punk rock — there are all types of different\nraces in these groups, and you shouldn’t categorize by color.”\n\nSo soon after she opened up Lovely Nails last year, in a gambit to attract\ncustomers, she started posting videos to Instagram.\n\n‘Our whole lifestyle changed’\n\nThings didn’t go well at first. Few customers dropped by Lovely Nails, and no\nmatter what she tried, Lovely Mimi couldn’t get past 5,000 followers. “I was\ntrying to get followers for the longest time,” she said. But pictures and\nvideos depicting her family life didn’t attract many followers. Then on April\n29, she posted a short video. It showed her in her car, hair dyed neon green,\nbreaking into a Vietnamese accent. It snared more than 1,000 likes — more than\nanything she’d done.\n\nThis is the crucial moment in cultivating a fiefdom of followers, experts say.\nBudding social-media stars need to recognize what works, then consistently\ndeliver on it. It is “knowing who you are and what you want to talk about and\nbeing very specific,” said Julie Kennedy, senior director of talent at\nFullscreen, a social media company. “Then have something that’s unique to\nyou.”\n\nAnd indeed, almost every day afterward, Luong uploaded videos, normally shot\nby herself while she sat at the wheel of her car. The topics included eating\nwell, dealing drugs, road rage and nail salons — everything delivered in a\nstream of accents. It provided so much material that in late August, a Houston\npromoter with 160,000 Facebook followers who calls himself “Arron the Don,”\ncame across Luong, made a compilation video and uploaded it.\n\n“Ever seen a ghetto asian black girl?” Arron the Don wrote in the caption. “If\nnot . . . meet crazy [expletive] Mimi.”\n\nThe video shot to 10.5 million views, spawned 48,000 comments and was shared\nnearly 240,000 times. And, most importantly, it promoted Luong, bringing in\ncascades of followers to her Instagram and Facebook accounts. Husband Remy\nSkinner, who sometimes lurks in the background of her videos, said strangers\nwere soon recognizing him in the streets. “Our whole lifestyle changed,” he\nsaid. “I can’t even go the Subway shop without someone making a big deal. It\nfeels like I’m the celebrity, and I’m just the husband!”\n\nThe young family hopes more people will soon make a big deal. Luong has since\ntried standup comedy — though those outings weren’t as successful as her\nvideos — and wants something more sustainable, such as a reality TV show. “I\nlike doing nails,” she said. “but my passion for it isn’t as strong as being a\ncomedian. I’m good, but I could be better.”\n\nStill, in the meantime, she’s happy that business has picked up at Lovely\nNails. On a recent Friday morning, customers filtered in and out of the shop.\nLuong stooped over Rayshell Hardy’s fingernails, bedazzling one with gems.\nAsked how she heard about Lovely Nails, Hardy’s response was immediate:\n“Instagram.”\n\n“I started watching the videos,” she said, “and that’s what brought me in\nhere.”\n\nMost Read Local\n\n * 1\n\nMichigan dams fail near Midland; ‘catastrophic’ flooding underway\n\n * 2\n\nCDC guidelines, released at last, offer low-key guide to reopening\n\n * 3\n\nThousands from coronavirus hot spots flocked to Maryland and Virginia as parts\nof the states reopened\n\n * 4\n\nClass-action lawsuit filed against College Board about botched AP tests\n\n * 5\n\nU.S. roadways more lethal during pandemic, safety group says\n\n * Opinion Trump just said the corrupt part out loud\n\n * Opinion I am a simple potato guardian who needs my Second Amendment rights\n\nSubscriber sign in\n\n### We noticed you’re blocking ads!\n\nKeep supporting great journalism by turning off your ad blocker. Or purchase a\nsubscription for unlimited access to real news you can count on.\n\nTry 1 month for $1\n\nUnblock ads\n\nQuestions about why you are seeing this? Contact us\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://firstwefeast.com/eat/instagram-food-hashtag-taxonomy/foodporn", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210121233927/https://firstwefeast.com/eat/instagram-food-hashtag-taxonomy/foodporn", "parsed_text": { "title": "A Field Guide to Instagram Food Hashtags", "passages": [ "If you’ve ever fallen down a rabbit hole of strangers’ #ootd (“outfit of the day”) or #struggleplates, you know how huge the world of Instagram hashtagging is. That mildly annoying/adorable flood of #TBT that hits your feed every Thursday? That’s 131 million people jumping on a bandwagon that started with some old Polaroids of one guy’s sixth-grade brace face.", "The scariest part is, those are just the most visible examples. There are thousands of acronyms, cryptic phrases, and nonsense words (#tweegram, anyone?) that people are adding to their photos right now—and sometimes getting tens of thousands of likes for it. There are 14-year-olds out there with more people following their every move than you’ve ever met, and dubious “models” who get dozens of marriage proposals a day—in the comments, of course.", "Choose the wrong tags, and you’re telling the world that you’re a 13-year- old girl who loves Hello Kitty and Pumpkin Spice lattes.", "So what’s a wannabe food ‘grammer to do? Choose the wrong tags, and you’re telling the world that you’re a 13-year-old girl who loves Hello Kitty and Pumpkin Spice lattes. Choose the right ones, and you’ll be admired by millions of your peers, leading to fame, fortune, and a sweet gig as an IG influencer.", "To help you find your true path, we’ve decoded the most popular food tags out there—who’s using them, what they’re photographing, and why they do it.", "Number of images: 47 million The breakdown: 60% overfiltered “art” shots, 22% luxury food brags, 18% things with a bite taken out of them Also tagged with: #picoftheday", "People who use this controversial word as a hashtag are also the most likely to include it in their bio, or (god forbid) use it to refer to themselves in the real world. They don’t know that people who talk about food for a living would rather stab themselves in the eye with an oyster knife than use it; it just sounds like a status label that says, “I’m better than my Sonic-slurping, 7-11 taquito-eating friends.” But while those blurred-out sepia shots of roasted bone marrow look like Civil War battlefield images, at least they’re trying.", "Number of images: 104 million The breakdown: 46% plates with a fried egg on top, 24% extreme closeups, 30% burgers Also tagged with: #amazing, #manvsfood", "The word “porn” implies that the subject is irresistible yet bad for you, something to be consumed in secret lest anyone judge you. But by taking a photo of it for the world to see, people who use this hashtag mark themselves as exhibitionists daring the world to revel in their clogged arteries. One of the food pornographer’s favorite tricks is the racks on racks on racks image, achieved by either crowding the shot with dozens of the same thing, or by using Photo Grid to cobble together an unholy collage of excess.", "Number of images: 21 million The breakdown: 34% desserts from the Cheesecake Factory, 45% sushi rolls drowning in eel sauce, 21% unidentifiable piles of fried stuff Also tagged with: #sinful, #bestthingever", "The inevitable conclusion to #foodporn, a #foodgasm is the messy, sticky proof of your gluttony. It's less about the sheer amount of food as it is one single image that is undeniably the picture of excess. There's a lot of sauce in places it shouldn't be, and if you were in the room, you'd be witnessing a lot of finger-licking. Like a guy claiming he loves taking his girl shoe shopping, it generally comes across as trying too hard – but that's not to say it never works.", "Number of images: 20 million The breakdown: 50% cupcakes, 30% whipped cream- topped drinks, 20% ice cream Also tagged with: #tweegram, #chocoholic", "While the number of “noms” may vary (we’ve seen as high as nine, while the most popular iteration is the classic three), the images are all basically the same. Overwhelmingly female, the nom-er appears to be suffering from adult- onset diabetes—there’s almost nothing in their feeds that isn’t tooth- meltingly sweet. They're clearly paying homage to the originator of their baby-talk code word, Cookie Monster.", "Number of images: 292,562 The breakdown: 25% 90s cartoon memes, 75% international pizzas Also tagged with: You can’t read any of the other hashtags, don’t worry about it.", "Do you love hearing about the latest pizza abomination on offer at Pizza Huts halfway around the world? This hashtag is your ticket to an international community of creamed corn/shrimp/cream sauce-topped pie enthusiasts. Get ready to work that translate function if you want to understand just what the hell it is you’re looking at, or turn the guesswork into a drinking game. Are those marshmallows? What protein is that? And who knew Korea was so big on Chicago- style deep dish pizza?", "Number of images: 195 million The breakdown: 30% nature scenes, 52% thirst traps, 18% actual pictures of food Also tagged with: #tagsforlikes, #instagood", "Believe it or not, this is the 25th most popular hashtag on Instagram—below #selfie and #tbt, but higher than #nofilter (because we’ve all stopped kidding ourselves on our photo skills). It's also one of the most misused—recent images included a stock photo of stacks of cash, footage from a club in Dubai, and a majestic sunset. Most people who use this tag are just copying and pasting a batch of generic tags onto every photo they post, the photographic equivalent of a chain letter. Don't trust these people—they may be robots, and they will definitely try to sell you Mexican Adderall.", "Number of images: 641,444 The breakdown: 30% melted cheese, 35% cronuts, 25% obviously staged sweets Also tagged with: #forkyeah, local pride references", "If your handle has the word “fatty” in it but you don’t want people to think you’re, y’know, actually fat, let them know you’re just #eatingfortheinsta. Shots that use this hashtag veer close to the #foodporn crew, but with more brand loyalty (so many Milk Bar soft serves!) so you know these aren’t just any indiscriminate eaters. There’s no point in decimating your cholesterol counts over subpar treats; they’re only stuffing themselves with the best of the best.", "Number of images: 59,672 The breakdown: 40% shadowy skillets, 29% third-tier lifestyle bloggers, 30% chicken, 1% professional chefs. Also tagged with: #passion", "The more you feel like you have to insist on something, the less likely it is to be true. That’s especially the case with “chefs” on the ‘gram, who by and large have never been closer to a professional kitchen than the drive-thru window at the nearest Mickey D’s. If you want to flaunt your home cooking but aren’t actually sure what things like “plating” and “presentation” are, use this tag to let people know you’re too busy bro-ing down over a pan full of chicken thighs to stage your photos.", "When you aren't functional enough to come up with a clever line but still need to be posting food pics, #hungry is the tag for you. The reasons for this creativity deficit can vary: The #gains crew is too busy trying to show you just how much hard work went into that not-quite-a-six-pack, and how miserable it’s making them. The pre-breakfast crowd can’t focus on anything just yet, and the sad desk sandwich contingent is busy dreaming of a life outside their dismal cubicle. But if there’s one thing that unites us all, it’s the primal urge to feed ourselves—and show it to the world, of course.", "Number of images: 26 million The breakdown: 20% motivational quotes, 60% progress shots, 16% photos of fruit, 4% plates of paleo “pasta” Also tagged with: #thinspo", "As far as Instagram is concerned, clean eating is what you do if you don't actually like eating. Just like in the real world, the concept of eating healthy, non-processed food is often used as a safety blanket for people with eating disorders, who hide their serious issues with a veil of health- consciousness. Since Instagram banned the use of hashtags like #thinspiration and #proana, the actual health nuts have been overtaken by people who need help and are showing it off. If you're actually interested in living an additive-free lifestyle, may we suggest a different hashtag?", "FIRST WE FEAST participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means FIRST WE FEAST gets paid commissions on purchases made through our links to retailer sites. Our editorial content is not influenced by any commissions we receive." ] }, "parsed_md": "A Field Guide to Instagram Food Hashtags | First We Feast\n\nFirst We Feast\n\n * eat\n * drink\n * video\n * recipes\n * guides\n * features\n * shop\n * games\n\nAbout\n\n * About Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Advertise\n * Feeds\n * Contact\n * Careers\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookie Settings\n * Sitemap\n\nMore from Complex Networks\n\n * Complex\n * Pigeons and Planes\n * Sole Collector\n\n# A Field Guide to Instagram Food Hashtags\n\nA scientific look at the most popular food hashtags, and what they tell the\nworld about you.\n\nRegan Hofmann\n\nIf you’ve ever fallen down a rabbit hole of strangers’ #ootd (“outfit of the\nday”) or #struggleplates, you know how huge the world of Instagram hashtagging\nis. That mildly annoying/adorable flood of #TBT that hits your feed every\nThursday? That’s 131 million people jumping on a bandwagon that started with\nsome old Polaroids of one guy’s sixth-grade brace face.\n\nThe scariest part is, those are just the most visible examples. There are\nthousands of acronyms, cryptic phrases, and nonsense words (#tweegram,\nanyone?) that people are adding to their photos right now—and sometimes\ngetting tens of thousands of likes for it. There are 14-year-olds out there\nwith more people following their every move than you’ve ever met, and dubious\n“models” who get dozens of marriage proposals a day—in the comments, of\ncourse.\n\n> Choose the wrong tags, and you’re telling the world that you’re a 13-year-\n> old girl who loves Hello Kitty and Pumpkin Spice lattes.\n\nEven in what should be the straightforward genre of food pics, there are\ndistinct subcultures. They find each other by flashing hashtags like gang\nsigns, throwing up #foodporn or #nomnomnom to prove their loyalty to the\ngroup. A #foodie would never take a pic of his morning Pop-Tarts, and someone\nwho’s always #hungry is never going to compose an artful shot of a single\nstrawberry.\n\nSo what’s a wannabe food ‘grammer to do? Choose the wrong tags, and you’re\ntelling the world that you’re a 13-year-old girl who loves Hello Kitty and\nPumpkin Spice lattes. Choose the right ones, and you’ll be admired by millions\nof your peers, leading to fame, fortune, and a sweet gig as an IG influencer.\n\nTo help you find your true path, we’ve decoded the most popular food tags out\nthere—who’s using them, what they’re photographing, and why they do it.\n\n * ## #foodie\n\nNumber of images: 47 million The breakdown: 60% overfiltered “art” shots, 22%\nluxury food brags, 18% things with a bite taken out of them Also tagged with:\n#picoftheday\n\nPeople who use this controversial word as a hashtag are also the most likely\nto include it in their bio, or (god forbid) use it to refer to themselves in\nthe real world. They don’t know that people who talk about food for a living\nwould rather stab themselves in the eye with an oyster knife than use it; it\njust sounds like a status label that says, “I’m better than my Sonic-slurping,\n7-11 taquito-eating friends.” But while those blurred-out sepia shots of\nroasted bone marrow look like Civil War battlefield images, at least they’re\ntrying.\n\n * ## #foodporn\n\nNumber of images: 104 million The breakdown: 46% plates with a fried egg on\ntop, 24% extreme closeups, 30% burgers Also tagged with: #amazing, #manvsfood\n\nThe word “porn” implies that the subject is irresistible yet bad for you,\nsomething to be consumed in secret lest anyone judge you. But by taking a\nphoto of it for the world to see, people who use this hashtag mark themselves\nas exhibitionists daring the world to revel in their clogged arteries. One of\nthe food pornographer’s favorite tricks is the racks on racks on racks image,\nachieved by either crowding the shot with dozens of the same thing, or by\nusing Photo Grid to cobble together an unholy collage of excess.\n\n * ## #foodgasm\n\nNumber of images: 21 million The breakdown: 34% desserts from the Cheesecake\nFactory, 45% sushi rolls drowning in eel sauce, 21% unidentifiable piles of\nfried stuff Also tagged with: #sinful, #bestthingever\n\nThe inevitable conclusion to #foodporn, a #foodgasm is the messy, sticky proof\nof your gluttony. It's less about the sheer amount of food as it is one single\nimage that is undeniably the picture of excess. There's a lot of sauce in\nplaces it shouldn't be, and if you were in the room, you'd be witnessing a lot\nof finger-licking. Like a guy claiming he loves taking his girl shoe shopping,\nit generally comes across as trying too hard – but that's not to say it never\nworks.\n\n * ## #nom / #nomnom / #nomnomnom / ad infinitum\n\nNumber of images: 20 million The breakdown: 50% cupcakes, 30% whipped cream-\ntopped drinks, 20% ice cream Also tagged with: #tweegram, #chocoholic\n\nWhile the number of “noms” may vary (we’ve seen as high as nine, while the\nmost popular iteration is the classic three), the images are all basically the\nsame. Overwhelmingly female, the nom-er appears to be suffering from adult-\nonset diabetes—there’s almost nothing in their feeds that isn’t tooth-\nmeltingly sweet. They're clearly paying homage to the originator of their\nbaby-talk code word, Cookie Monster.\n\n * ## #[pizza emoji]\n\nImage via Instagram\n\nNumber of images: 292,562 The breakdown: 25% 90s cartoon memes, 75%\ninternational pizzas Also tagged with: You can’t read any of the other\nhashtags, don’t worry about it.\n\nDo you love hearing about the latest pizza abomination on offer at Pizza Huts\nhalfway around the world? This hashtag is your ticket to an international\ncommunity of creamed corn/shrimp/cream sauce-topped pie enthusiasts. Get ready\nto work that translate function if you want to understand just what the hell\nit is you’re looking at, or turn the guesswork into a drinking game. Are those\nmarshmallows? What protein is that? And who knew Korea was so big on Chicago-\nstyle deep dish pizza?\n\n * ## #food\n\nNumber of images: 195 million The breakdown: 30% nature scenes, 52% thirst\ntraps, 18% actual pictures of food Also tagged with: #tagsforlikes, #instagood\n\nBelieve it or not, this is the 25th most popular hashtag on Instagram—below\n#selfie and #tbt, but higher than #nofilter (because we’ve all stopped kidding\nourselves on our photo skills). It's also one of the most misused—recent\nimages included a stock photo of stacks of cash, footage from a club in Dubai,\nand a majestic sunset. Most people who use this tag are just copying and\npasting a batch of generic tags onto every photo they post, the photographic\nequivalent of a chain letter. Don't trust these people—they may be robots, and\nthey will definitely try to sell you Mexican Adderall.\n\n * ## #Eatingfortheinsta\n\nImage via Instagram\n\nNumber of images: 641,444 The breakdown: 30% melted cheese, 35% cronuts, 25%\nobviously staged sweets Also tagged with: #forkyeah, local pride references\n\nIf your handle has the word “fatty” in it but you don’t want people to think\nyou’re, y’know, actually fat, let them know you’re just #eatingfortheinsta.\nShots that use this hashtag veer close to the #foodporn crew, but with more\nbrand loyalty (so many Milk Bar soft serves!) so you know these aren’t just\nany indiscriminate eaters. There’s no point in decimating your cholesterol\ncounts over subpar treats; they’re only stuffing themselves with the best of\nthe best.\n\n * ## #Chefmode\n\nImage via Instagram\n\nNumber of images: 59,672 The breakdown: 40% shadowy skillets, 29% third-tier\nlifestyle bloggers, 30% chicken, 1% professional chefs. Also tagged with:\n#passion\n\nThe more you feel like you have to insist on something, the less likely it is\nto be true. That’s especially the case with “chefs” on the ‘gram, who by and\nlarge have never been closer to a professional kitchen than the drive-thru\nwindow at the nearest Mickey D’s. If you want to flaunt your home cooking but\naren’t actually sure what things like “plating” and “presentation” are, use\nthis tag to let people know you’re too busy bro-ing down over a pan full of\nchicken thighs to stage your photos.\n\n * ## #hungry\n\nNumber of images: 9.3 million The breakdown: 52% sandwiches, 36% babies/dogs,\n12% post-gym selfies Also tagged with: #amazing, #motivation\n\nWhen you aren't functional enough to come up with a clever line but still need\nto be posting food pics, #hungry is the tag for you. The reasons for this\ncreativity deficit can vary: The #gains crew is too busy trying to show you\njust how much hard work went into that not-quite-a-six-pack, and how miserable\nit’s making them. The pre-breakfast crowd can’t focus on anything just yet,\nand the sad desk sandwich contingent is busy dreaming of a life outside their\ndismal cubicle. But if there’s one thing that unites us all, it’s the primal\nurge to feed ourselves—and show it to the world, of course.\n\n * ## #cleaneating\n\nNumber of images: 26 million The breakdown: 20% motivational quotes, 60%\nprogress shots, 16% photos of fruit, 4% plates of paleo “pasta” Also tagged\nwith: #thinspo\n\nAs far as Instagram is concerned, clean eating is what you do if you don't\nactually like eating. Just like in the real world, the concept of eating\nhealthy, non-processed food is often used as a safety blanket for people with\neating disorders, who hide their serious issues with a veil of health-\nconsciousness. Since Instagram banned the use of hashtags like #thinspiration\nand #proana, the actual health nuts have been overtaken by people who need\nhelp and are showing it off. If you're actually interested in living an\nadditive-free lifestyle, may we suggest a different hashtag?\n\nRELATED STORIES\n\n## The 20 Most Instagrammed Dishes in New York City\n\nTags\n\n * Lists,\n * food porn,\n * Instagram,\n * taxonomy,\n * hashtag\n\nSign Out\n\n## Latest News\n\nFIRST WE FEAST participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which\nmeans FIRST WE FEAST gets paid commissions on purchases made through our links\nto retailer sites. Our editorial content is not influenced by any commissions\nwe receive.\n\n© 2021 Complex Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.businessinsider.com/15-of-the-highest-paid-professional-gamers-2014-5", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200516141353/https://www.businessinsider.com/15-of-the-highest-paid-professional-gamers-2014-5?op=1/", "parsed_text": { "title": "15 Of The Highest-Paid Professional Gamers", "passages": [ "To top it off, that's not even counting the sponsorship deals and income that many of these players receive from streaming their practice games on services like Twitch.", "Korea's Park \"Lyn\" Joon earned most of his cash playing \"WarCraft III.\" The largest prize he took home from a single tournament was $25,000 in 2009.", "Sweden's Jerry \"EGM\" Lundquist has already made close to $20,000 from seven tournaments in 2014 alone. Last year, he made $287,440.80 from a single tournament playing \"Dota 2.\" (He was part of a team, called The Alliance, that made a total of more than $1.4 million.)", "Henrik \"AdmiralBulldog\" Ahnberg, who also hails from Sweden, earned $287,440.80 from a single tournament playing \"Dota 2.\" He's taken first place in 18 tournaments.", "Joakim \"Akke\" Akterhall, from Sweden, is a 26-year-old \"Dota 2\" player. Besides being involved in the competitive \"Dota\" scene since 2006, he also won the Nintendo Swedish Championships three times: in 2004, 2006, and 2012.", "Sweden's Jonathan \"Loda\" Berg has been on 12 different teams. He gained recognition when he joined The Alliance in 2013. He's taken first place in 23 tournaments.", "Jung \"Mvp\" Jong Hyun, from Korea, plays both \"StarCraft: Brood War\" and \"StarCraft II.\" His largest prize was $50,000 from playing \"StarCraft II\" in a tournament in 2011.", "Jang \"Moon\" Jae Ho is one of the \"WarCraft III\" players featured in the documentary \"Beyond the Game.\" He's also a \"StarCraft II\" player, and made $12,799.73 from two tournaments before he was even 18 years old.", "Lee \"Flash\" Young Ho, a Korean \"StarCraft: Brood War\" and \"StarCraft II\" player, earned $269,972.27 before the age of 18.", "One of the top \"StarCraft 2\" players in the world, Korea's Jang Min Chul has made more than $450,000 by regularly placing in tournaments of all sizes since 2010.", "The world's first prominent professional gamer, America's Johnathan Wendel's success playing first-person shooters earned him massive cash prizes and sponsorship deals with major computer hardware companies.", "Korea's Lee Jae Dong made huge sums playing \"StarCraft: Brood War\" before moving on to \"StarCraft 2\" in 2012. In the second half of 2013, Jaedong became one of the world's top \"StarCraft\" players." ] }, "parsed_md": "15 Of The Highest-Paid Professional Gamers - Business Insider\n\n * BI Prime\n * Intelligence\n\nSubscribe Subscribe\n\nHOMEPAGE Subscribe Subscribe\n\n# 15 Of The Highest-Paid Professional Video Gamers In The World\n\nKaryne Levy and Kyle Russell\n\n2014-05-29T01:35:00Z\n\nMajor League Gaming\n\nPlaying video games for a living sounds like a dream.\n\nBelieve it or not, there are gamers who are doing exactly that. And they're\nmaking some serious money.\n\ne-Sports Earnings has ranked the 100 players with the highest overall earnings\nfrom competitive gaming.\n\nThere are 100 gamers who have earned over $100,000 in prize money.\n\nTo top it off, that's not even counting the sponsorship deals and income that\nmany of these players receive from streaming their practice games on services\nlike Twitch.\n\n## 15\\. Park 'Lyn' Joon - $317,610.95 from 77 tournaments\n\nPark \"Lyn\" Joon\n\nTeam AAA\n\nKorea's Park \"Lyn\" Joon earned most of his cash playing \"WarCraft III.\" The\nlargest prize he took home from a single tournament was $25,000 in 2009.\n\n## 14\\. Jerry 'EGM' Lundqvist - $340,474.95 from 29 tournaments\n\nJerry \"EGM\" Lundqvist\n\nThe Richest\n\nSweden's Jerry \"EGM\" Lundquist has already made close to $20,000 from seven\ntournaments in 2014 alone. Last year, he made $287,440.80 from a single\ntournament playing \"Dota 2.\" (He was part of a team, called The Alliance, that\nmade a total of more than $1.4 million.)\n\n## 13\\. Henrik 'AdmiralBulldog' Ahnberg - $344,537.40 from 36 tournaments\n\nHenrik \"AdmiralBulldog\" Ahnberg\n\nThe Richest\n\nHenrik \"AdmiralBulldog\" Ahnberg, who also hails from Sweden, earned\n$287,440.80 from a single tournament playing \"Dota 2.\" He's taken first place\nin 18 tournaments.\n\n## 12\\. Gustav 's4' Magnusson - $344,821.75 from 38 tournaments\n\nGustav 's4' Magnusson\n\nYouTube\n\nSweden's Gustav \"s4\" Magnusson also plays \"Dota 2.\" He started his career in\nearly 2012.\n\n## 11\\. Joakim 'Akke' Akterhall - $349,679.35 from 47 tournaments\n\nJoakim \"Akke\" Akterhall\n\nGamepedia\n\nJoakim \"Akke\" Akterhall, from Sweden, is a 26-year-old \"Dota 2\" player.\nBesides being involved in the competitive \"Dota\" scene since 2006, he also won\nthe Nintendo Swedish Championships three times: in 2004, 2006, and 2012.\n\n## 10\\. Jonathan 'Loda' Berg - $355,514.05 from 47 tournaments\n\nJonathan \"Loda\" Berg\n\nYouTube\n\nSweden's Jonathan \"Loda\" Berg has been on 12 different teams. He gained\nrecognition when he joined The Alliance in 2013. He's taken first place in 23\ntournaments.\n\n## 9\\. Jung \"Mvp\" Jong Hyun - $393,116.38 from 50 tournaments\n\nJung \"MVP\" Jong Hyun\n\nGlobal eSports Management\n\nJung \"Mvp\" Jong Hyun, from Korea, plays both \"StarCraft: Brood War\" and\n\"StarCraft II.\" His largest prize was $50,000 from playing \"StarCraft II\" in a\ntournament in 2011.\n\n## 8\\. Jang 'Moon' Jae Ho - $439,677.98 from 81 tournaments\n\nJang \"Moon\" Jae Ho\n\nSK-Gaming\n\nJang \"Moon\" Jae Ho is one of the \"WarCraft III\" players featured in the\ndocumentary \"Beyond the Game.\" He's also a \"StarCraft II\" player, and made\n$12,799.73 from two tournaments before he was even 18 years old.\n\n## 7\\. Lee 'Flash' Young Ho - $447,016.47 from 47 tournaments\n\nLee \"Flash\" Young Ho\n\nThink Computers\n\nLee \"Flash\" Young Ho, a Korean \"StarCraft: Brood War\" and \"StarCraft II\"\nplayer, earned $269,972.27 before the age of 18.\n\n## 6\\. Clement 'Puppey' Ivanov - $450,480.14 from 39 tournaments\n\nLluv\n\nHailing from Estonia, Clement \"Puppey\" Ivanov has also earned a respectable\namount from competitive \"Dota 2.\"\n\n## 5\\. Jang 'MC' Min Chul - $452,926.25 from 78 tournaments\n\nJang Min-Chul\n\nOne of the top \"StarCraft 2\" players in the world, Korea's Jang Min Chul has\nmade more than $450,000 by regularly placing in tournaments of all sizes since\n2010.\n\n## 4\\. Oleksandr 'XBOCT' Dashkevych - $453,311.74 from 41 tournaments\n\nProfessional Gaming Life\n\nAnother \"Dota 2\" champ, Ukraine's Dashkevych has been raking in the money\nsince 2011.\n\n## 3\\. Johnathan 'Fatal1ty' Wendel - $454,919.23 from 36 tournaments\n\nGia To\n\nThe world's first prominent professional gamer, America's Johnathan Wendel's\nsuccess playing first-person shooters earned him massive cash prizes and\nsponsorship deals with major computer hardware companies.\n\n## 2\\. Danil 'Dendi' Ishutin - $455,615.83 from 43 tournaments\n\nDanil \"Dendi\" Ishutin\n\nDigital Storm Online\n\nUkrainian Danil \"Dendi\" Ishutin made $200,000 playing \"Dota 2\" in a single\ntournament.\n\n## 1\\. Lee 'Jaedong' Jae Dong - $519,086.72 from 52 tournaments\n\nACROFAN\n\nKorea's Lee Jae Dong made huge sums playing \"StarCraft: Brood War\" before\nmoving on to \"StarCraft 2\" in 2012. In the second half of 2013, Jaedong became\none of the world's top \"StarCraft\" players.\n\n## Competition is only one part of gaming ...\n\nYouTube\n\n## 12 amazing creations people have built in the game \"Minecraft\" »\n\nMore: Features Competition\n\n### Find A Job\n\nTech Jobs| C-Level Jobs \n---|--- \nMedia Jobs| Design Jobs \nFinance Jobs| Sales Jobs \n \nSee All Jobs »\n\nFollow us on:\n\nAlso check out:\n\n* Copyright © 2020 Insider Inc. All rights reserved. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our\n\n * Terms of Service , Privacy Policy and Cookies Policy .\n\n * Sitemap\n * Disclaimer\n * Commerce Policy\n * CA Privacy Rights\n * Coupons\n * Made in NYC\n\n * Stock quotes by finanzen.net\n * Reprints & Permissions\n\nEdition\n\nInternational Editions:\n\n * United States US\n\n * International INTL\n * Australia AUS\n * Deutschland DE\n * España ES\n * France FR\n * India IN\n * Italy IT\n * Japan JP\n * Malaysia MY\n * México MX\n * Netherlands NL\n * Nordic SE\n * Polska PL\n * Singapore SG\n * South Africa ZA\n\n" } ]
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How To Make Zucchini Bread
To make zucchini bread, start by mixing flour, baking soda, baking powder, salt, cinnamon, and nutmeg in a bowl. Separately mix the sugar, eggs, oil, yogurt, buttermilk, and vanilla in a large bowl. After slowly mixing the dry ingredients into the wet ones, transfer the batter into your greased loaf pan, baking dish, or muffin tin. Then, bake the loaf for 45 minutes at 350°F. Make sure to let your loaf sit and cool for about 10 minutes before serving.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20210608202819/https://simplebites.net/how-to-make-the-best-zucchini-bread-ever/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20140116121948/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/zucchini-bread-recipe/index.html" ]
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[ { "original_url": "https://simplebites.net/how-to-make-the-best-zucchini-bread-ever/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210608202819/https://simplebites.net/how-to-make-the-best-zucchini-bread-ever/", "parsed_text": { "title": "How to Make the Best Zucchini Bread Ever", "passages": [ "One of my favorite narratives on zucchini is from Barbara Kingsolver’s ‘Animal, Vegetable, Miracle’ where, when faced with a unrelenting crop of the green squash, she devises many ways of using up the abundance them in her prolific garden.", "She baked, steamed, fried, and froze zucchini, as well as gave them away to friends with such abandon that she freely admits: “Our gardening friends knew enough to slam the door if they saw a heavy sack approaching.”", "I could completely relate to Barbara’s dilemma (if you can call an abundance of food a dilemma), and I, as a gardener, fully understand a zucchini’s capability to turn into a baseball bat practically overnight if overlooked on the vine.", "Fortunately, I have a strategy to help me maintain the upper hand during the Great August Zucchini Invasion: Zucchini Bread. Around here this humble loaf is a favorite snack for the kids, a bake-sale best-seller, and alongside a tall glass of milk, has made it’s way into our ‘Guilt-Free Non-Suppers‘.", "Now some of you probably think that you have the best zucchini bread recipe, others perhaps have never found a recipe they liked, –and chances are a few of you are thinking: “Zucchini? Bread?” And to all of you I say, I hope someone has shared their zucchini crop with you, because you’re going to want to make this recipe!", "If you remember, I brought you the best muffin ever (which is still making new converts every day), so believe me when I say I have done my homework for this zucchini recipe.", "What should (or shouldn’t) perfect zucchini bread be like? Here are a few qualities I like to see. Without question, the recipe below embodies all of them.", "Hint: don’t expect the zucchini to contribute any of this. Nope, zucchini bread relies on added flavorings to make it memorable. In this recipe, fresh ground cinnamon, nutmeg and dark chocolate chunks provide everything we need.", "The inclusion of full-fat yogurt ensures our loaf stays as moist as can be. I also don’t squeeze the liquid from the grated zucchini as it add necessary moisture.", "Sweet breads have a tendency to be pasty. Yep, and even gummy. Thanks to the addition of whole-wheat flour, you can safely enjoy a slice of this zucchini loaf knowing it’s not going to latch onto the roof of your mouth in a desperate attempt to avoid being swallowed.", "A winning zucchini bread recipe should be able to easily morph into many shapes: cupcakes, mini-loafs, or muffins. It should also lend itself well to freezing. This recipe does it all.", "Preheat oven to 350°F. Oil a 9x4 inch loaf pan and line with parchment paper. Line a 6-cup muffin tin with papers OR oil a mini loaf pan.", "In a large bowl, beat eggs until foamy; beat in yogurt, buttermilk, oil, sugar, and vanilla. Combine well. Stir in grated zucchini and chopped chocolate.", "Spoon batter into 6 muffin cups (or mini loaf pan) and pour the rest into the 9x4 loaf pan. Bake for approximately 50 minutes.", "Remove from oven and cool 10 minutes in the pan. Loosen the sides and remove from pan. Cool loaf completely before cutting.", "Use the very best ingredients possible. I cannot emphasize this enough. If you set out to make the best zucchini bread recipe ever, but use rancid flour and stale spices, well, you're not going to get the same result as I did - and it certainly won't be the best ever.", "Use small to medium sized zucchini. If it's longer than your arm, don't bother, it will be tough and dry. If you must use these kinds of massive zucc's, halve them lengthwise first and remove the seeds with a spoon. Discard or compost them and grate the remainder of the zucchini for your baking.", "Calories: 3805kcal | Carbohydrates: 546g | Protein: 79g | Fat: 149g | Saturated Fat: 43g | Cholesterol: 363mg | Sodium: 2616mg | Potassium: 3437mg | Fiber: 41g | Sugar: 249g | Vitamin A: 1410IU | Vitamin C: 56.4mg | Calcium: 823mg | Iron: 25.8mg", "You don’t have to wait for zucchini season to roll around to enjoy this bread. It is possible to freeze grated zucchini so as to have it available whenever the baking mood strikes.", "To freeze zucchini, first wash them, trim the ends and then simply grate them on a box grater. Package in 1 or 2-cup portions in freezer bags or freezer containers. Remove as much air as possible from the bag by smoothing it with the back of your hand from bottom to top and quickly sealing the bag. Freeze flat.", "Cooking has always been Aimée's preferred recreational activity, creative outlet, and source of relaxation. After nearly ten years in the professional cooking industry, she went from restaurant to RSS by trading her tongs and clogs for cookie cutters and a laptop, serving as editor here at Simple Bites. Her first book, Brown Eggs and Jam Jars - Family Recipes from the Kitchen of Simple Bites, was published in February 2015.", "I made pumpkin, zucchini bread yesterday and used whole wheat flour for the first time. I loved it!! Moist and so yummy.", "Wow, that looks amazing! I love zucchini bread and can’t wait to give this one a try. I have a zucchini in my fridge waiting to be turned into bread!", "Hi, I just made this recipr, and followed everything, except I added 2 cups whole wheat and 1 cup AP, and i used 2 bread pans (9×4). The smell of baking was so good, but unfortunately it did not turn out for me :(. I must of screwed something up, it never cooked the middle (i even covered with foil and extended the cooking time by up to 30 mins). Do you think the extra WW flour had an impact? Or is the recipe too big for two loafs?? Any thoughts why it never cooked inside?", "Hi Sarah (sorry this is late, just catching up on comments now.) The extra ww flour shouldn’t have made that much of a difference...I’m scratching my head because it always bakes up nicely for me. I’m wondering if your oven could be off? It’s not unusual to have it 50 degrees lower than it reads. So very sorry for your trouble.", "Weird – I can’t comment under your posts if I access this blog through google chrome. Anyhow, yes! Zucchini bread is a favorite around here. We love it & are lucky enough to find zucchini at this time of year (where we are located). This bread is getting made very soon!", "This is a GREAT recipe from reading, I can tell by the ingredients. Just wanted to pass on a little tip for grating and freezing zucchini....I’m a gardener so I always have an abundance. SO...grate your zucchini and than put it into a large Colander placed over a bowl. Toss the entire pile with with about 1/4 cup SUGAR!!! (You know how salt helps ‘sweat’ moisture out of veges....sugar does the same thing!!) After about half an hour of draining – you’ll be amazed – pack your ziploc bags with 1 to 1 1/2 cups of grated zucchini. You will now have more flesh and LESS WATER!!! To cool. I’ve been prepping mine this way for years.", "A healthy version of a quick bread? I could eat this every day! I love your site–I am finding the best recipes here that are healthy and delicious. This recipe (along with your muffin recipe) also made my favorites list for a brunch menu (http://wondermomwannabe.com/effortless-entertaining-host-a- brunch/). Thank you so much for the great recipes.", "I put raisins in my zucchini bread and now I make cream cheese zucchini brownies. I’ve gotten a lot of requests for this recipe. My friends , and even my doctors love it.", "Hello! I just wanted to say thank you for this great recipe. I followed the directions exactly and it turned out delicious!! Everyone loves it. I especially like it in the muffin tin form. I’ve made 2 batches so far with Ghirardelli dark chocolate (62%), and today I’m making a batch with walnuts as everybody loves them. This recipe is definitely a keeper.", "I recently found your recipe and tried it this weekend. It was great! I didn’t have any yogurt on hand so I substituted more buttermilk. My husband loved the chocolate addition. I might try some walnuts next time.", "The note about cholesterol is a bit misleading, as yogurt does contain cholesterol, whereas canola oil does not. The recipe is great, though!", "Hi. Can I use regular all purpose flour instead of whole wheat and sour cream or Greek yogurt in this recipe ?", "This recipe is in the oven right now. I’ve tried tons of zucchini bread recipes throughout the years and never have found one that’s good enough to go on repeat. Maybe this one can be it! Thanks so much for sharing!", "I made zucchini bread last year, and my son has been asking for me to make it again. Well, I did not save the recipe and have been searching for one online and came across this one which sounded really good. I then remembered I had emailed the recipe to a friend. When I found it, it was this exact recipe from this website. I will be making it again today.", "I just made this recipe today, used white flour instead of wheat and used lowfat vanilla yogurt and non-fat milk. Made all muffins and added semi sweet chocolate chips and they turned out wonderful. My son who refuses to eat anything with zucchini in it loved them! Would absolutely make this again!", "I loved this recipe and used made 24 muffins. Used a bit more oil cause I did not quite have enough yogurt. It raised wonderfully and it only cooked for 30 minutes! Thanks for te recipe. I liked the whole wheat flour, yogurt and buttermilk and less oil than most recipes.", "I made the recipe with 67% organic cacao chocolate chunks (1.25 cups) from Whole Foods and everyone loved it. I did follow the recipe very closely and the only thing I did different was to use 1% milk and cut it with lime juice. And I used Green Valley Lactose Free Plain Yogurt. Definitely a hit, especially with a partner that is very very picky!!!", "I used coconut milk – w a spash of balsamic vinegar – Delicious !!! Passing the recipe along to my great-aunt who gave me the frozen zucchini. She said she’d teach me how to make zucchini bread – I will share w her ! The organic chocolate bars, cut into chunks, is what makes this such a rich, hearty treat to enjoy.", "I just made this recipe. The texture of this bread is insane, soft, moist, spongy. I have to agree, the best zucchini bread ever. I followed the recipe exactly except for one ingredient – the sugar. I replaced the one cup of turbinado or brown sugar with 1/2 cup Splenda brown sugar. I like the recipe because it uses less oil and sugar than most.", "I just made these with our first zucchini from the garden and with some pretty significant changes...100% whole wheat flour, butter instead of oil, 1/2 c. each yogurt and milk/vinegar (bc of the whole wheat), 1 c. walnuts, and 1/2 c. coconut. They are amazing! I’m eating my second muffin already. I can’t really review your recipe, because I deviated so much, but it worked. Next time, I’ll definitely try the chocolate. 🙂", "How many loaves does this recipe yield? I read your instructions & it says... 1-9×4 loaf pan OR 6- muffins OR 1-mini loaf", "I’m not sure how these are all equal? I love your recipe & would love to make it this weekend! Please let me know!", "I’ve made this recipe now about 4 times, the most recent finishing off the zucchini from the freezer from the garden this fall. The only change I made was to sub butter for the oil (I just melted it first), well, and I use buttermilk powder, which is my new favorite pantry item since its always on hand.. this is hands down the best zucchini bread I’ve ever made! Thank you!", "I absolutely love this recipe of yours!! I’ve made it several times before and each time people ate it up like there’s no tomorrow! I started counting calories a couple months back, do you happen to have the calorie and nutritional counts for this recipe?", "A few modifications: 1/2 cup almond butter (for a little extra protein, 2 cups flour (only had all purpose), 1/4 cup olive oil (reduced oil and flour to accommodate the almond butter), and nuts on top.", "I did squeeze all the extra liquid from the zucchini out since I was using all purpose flour – will try again without the excess squeezing next time. Bread came out moist and soft but not as moist as say the oily concoctions at your local (chain) coffee shop.", "Oh man! These are wonderful! I wish I hadn’t halved the recipe now, I want to eat the whole batch.", "I want to make this recipe, but am not sure which side of the box grater to grate the zucchini. Please respond.", "I made these as muffins and they came out delicious 🙂 Baked them for about 30 minutes at 350. Thank you!", "What’s the best way to make this recipe gluten free without compromising the taste? We love the recipe as is at home but I wanted to make a separate batch for my son’s class and there is a gluten restriction.", "I am baking my first batch right now and used Quinoa flour... we shall see... Made 2 mini loaf pans and 16 muffins. Didn’t quite measure out even, 40mins. I think that amount of bake-time might’ve been too long by about 10mins, but the flavor is GREAT!!!!!", "Hey Aimee, I just came into a pile of zucchini from my friends garden! I’ve cooked and baked with it, but have frozen most of it using your method. I am wondering about using the frozen zucchini... Do I use it directly from frozen? Should I thaw it first? Should I drain or squeeze any excess moisture out of the thawed zuch? I can’t believe I am only JUST discovering baking with zucchini! Can’t wait to try this bread.", "I'm Aimée, and this blog is devoted to family focused food. This is an encouraging community that offers comprehensive recipes, simple preserving tutorials, and honest tips for cooking with kids. This is our family food life. Join us! Read more..." ] }, "parsed_md": "How to Make the Best Zucchini Bread Ever\n\n * About\n * New? Start here.\n * Contact/FAQ\n\nby Aimee on August 23, 2010 • 177 Comments Bakeshop\n\n# How to Make the Best Zucchini Bread Ever\n\nOne of my favorite narratives on zucchini is from Barbara Kingsolver’s\n‘Animal, Vegetable, Miracle’ where, when faced with a unrelenting crop of the\ngreen squash, she devises many ways of using up the abundance them in her\nprolific garden.\n\nShe baked, steamed, fried, and froze zucchini, as well as gave them away to\nfriends with such abandon that she freely admits: “Our gardening friends knew\nenough to slam the door if they saw a heavy sack approaching.”\n\nI could completely relate to Barbara’s dilemma (if you can call an abundance\nof food a dilemma), and I, as a gardener, fully understand a zucchini’s\ncapability to turn into a baseball bat practically overnight if overlooked on\nthe vine.\n\nFortunately, I have a strategy to help me maintain the upper hand during the\nGreat August Zucchini Invasion: Zucchini Bread. Around here this humble loaf\nis a favorite snack for the kids, a bake-sale best-seller, and alongside a\ntall glass of milk, has made it’s way into our ‘Guilt-Free Non-Suppers‘.\n\nNow some of you probably think that you have the best zucchini bread recipe,\nothers perhaps have never found a recipe they liked, –and chances are a few of\nyou are thinking: “Zucchini? Bread?” And to all of you I say, I hope someone\nhas shared their zucchini crop with you, because you’re going to want to make\nthis recipe!\n\nIf you remember, I brought you the best muffin ever (which is still making new\nconverts every day), so believe me when I say I have done my homework for this\nzucchini recipe.\n\n### Attributes of Great Zucchini Bread\n\nWhat should (or shouldn’t) perfect zucchini bread be like? Here are a few\nqualities I like to see. Without question, the recipe below embodies all of\nthem.\n\n#### Flavorful!\n\nHint: don’t expect the zucchini to contribute any of this. Nope, zucchini\nbread relies on added flavorings to make it memorable. In this recipe, fresh\nground cinnamon, nutmeg and dark chocolate chunks provide everything we need.\n\n#### Moist\n\nThe inclusion of full-fat yogurt ensures our loaf stays as moist as can be. I\nalso don’t squeeze the liquid from the grated zucchini as it add necessary\nmoisture.\n\n#### Textured\n\nSweet breads have a tendency to be pasty. Yep, and even gummy. Thanks to the\naddition of whole-wheat flour, you can safely enjoy a slice of this zucchini\nloaf knowing it’s not going to latch onto the roof of your mouth in a\ndesperate attempt to avoid being swallowed.\n\n#### Adaptable\n\nA winning zucchini bread recipe should be able to easily morph into many\nshapes: cupcakes, mini-loafs, or muffins. It should also lend itself well to\nfreezing. This recipe does it all.\n\n## Whole-Wheat Zucchini Bread with Cinnamon & Dark Chocolate Chunks\n\nThis recipe took months to develop and is indeed the best you'll ever taste.\n\n4.3 from 24 votes\n\nPrint Pin Rate\n\nCourse: Bakery\n\nPrep Time: 10 minutes\n\nCook Time: 50 minutes\n\nTotal Time: 1 hour\n\nServings: 1 loaf\n\nCalories: 3805kcal\n\nAuthor: Aimee\n\n### Ingredients\n\n#### Dry ingredients:\n\n * 1 1/2 cups whole-wheat flour\n * 1 1/2 cups cake flour or all-purpose\n * 2 teaspoons freshly ground cinnamon or 1 Tablespoon pre-ground\n * 1/4 teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg\n * 1 teaspoon baking soda\n * 1 teaspoon baking powder\n * 1/2 teaspoon salt\n\n#### Wet ingredients:\n\n * 2 eggs room temperature\n * 1/3 cup canola oil or peanut\n * 3/4 cup plain yogurt\n * 1/3 cup buttermilk or regular milk with a splash of vinegar\n * 1 cup organic Turbinado sugar or brown sugar, firmly packed\n * 2 teaspoons pure vanilla extract\n * 2 1/2 cups finely grated zucchini\n * 4 oz dark chocolate chunked\n\n### Instructions\n\n * Preheat oven to 350°F. Oil a 9x4 inch loaf pan and line with parchment paper. Line a 6-cup muffin tin with papers OR oil a mini loaf pan.\n\n * In a bowl, sift together dry ingredients and set aside.\n\n * In a large bowl, beat eggs until foamy; beat in yogurt, buttermilk, oil, sugar, and vanilla. Combine well. Stir in grated zucchini and chopped chocolate.\n\n * Fold flour mixture into the wet ingredients and stir until combined.\n\n * Spoon batter into 6 muffin cups (or mini loaf pan) and pour the rest into the 9x4 loaf pan. Bake for approximately 50 minutes.\n\n * Remove from oven and cool 10 minutes in the pan. Loosen the sides and remove from pan. Cool loaf completely before cutting.\n\n### Notes\n\nTips to Making the Best Zucchini Bread Ever:\n\n * Use the very best ingredients possible. I cannot emphasize this enough. If you set out to make the best zucchini bread recipe ever, but use rancid flour and stale spices, well, you're not going to get the same result as I did - and it certainly won't be the best ever.\n * Use small to medium sized zucchini. If it's longer than your arm, don't bother, it will be tough and dry. If you must use these kinds of massive zucc's, halve them lengthwise first and remove the seeds with a spoon. Discard or compost them and grate the remainder of the zucchini for your baking.\n * Don't skimp on the chocolate (but feel free to use chocolate chips).\n * Use freshly ground cinnamon.\n * Have ingredients at room temperature.\n\n### Nutrition\n\nCalories: 3805kcal | Carbohydrates: 546g | Protein: 79g | Fat: 149g |\nSaturated Fat: 43g | Cholesterol: 363mg | Sodium: 2616mg | Potassium: 3437mg |\nFiber: 41g | Sugar: 249g | Vitamin A: 1410IU | Vitamin C: 56.4mg | Calcium:\n823mg | Iron: 25.8mg\n\n### A Word on Freezing Zucchini\n\nYou don’t have to wait for zucchini season to roll around to enjoy this bread.\nIt is possible to freeze grated zucchini so as to have it available whenever\nthe baking mood strikes.\n\nTo freeze zucchini, first wash them, trim the ends and then simply grate them\non a box grater. Package in 1 or 2-cup portions in freezer bags or freezer\ncontainers. Remove as much air as possible from the bag by smoothing it with\nthe back of your hand from bottom to top and quickly sealing the bag. Freeze\nflat.\n\nIs zucchini bread a favorite in your home?\n\nAbout Aimee\n\nCooking has always been Aimée's preferred recreational activity, creative\noutlet, and source of relaxation. After nearly ten years in the professional\ncooking industry, she went from restaurant to RSS by trading her tongs and\nclogs for cookie cutters and a laptop, serving as editor here at Simple Bites.\nHer first book, Brown Eggs and Jam Jars - Family Recipes from the Kitchen of\nSimple Bites, was published in February 2015.\n\n#### Subscribe For Free!\n\nLike reading this post? Get more delivered to your email inbox.\n\nPrefer to subscribe via RSS?\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Julia says\n\nOctober 16, 2012 at 4:50 pm\n\nI made pumpkin, zucchini bread yesterday and used whole wheat flour for the\nfirst time. I loved it!! Moist and so yummy.\n\nReply\n\n 2. luv what you do says\n\nNovember 17, 2012 at 10:35 am\n\nWow, that looks amazing! I love zucchini bread and can’t wait to give this one\na try. I have a zucchini in my fridge waiting to be turned into bread!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Sarah says\n\nDecember 2, 2012 at 5:49 pm\n\nHi, I just made this recipr, and followed everything, except I added 2 cups\nwhole wheat and 1 cup AP, and i used 2 bread pans (9×4). The smell of baking\nwas so good, but unfortunately it did not turn out for me :(. I must of\nscrewed something up, it never cooked the middle (i even covered with foil and\nextended the cooking time by up to 30 mins). Do you think the extra WW flour\nhad an impact? Or is the recipe too big for two loafs?? Any thoughts why it\nnever cooked inside?\n\nReply\n\n * Aimee says\n\nDecember 12, 2012 at 8:30 pm\n\nHi Sarah (sorry this is late, just catching up on comments now.) The extra ww\nflour shouldn’t have made that much of a difference...I’m scratching my head\nbecause it always bakes up nicely for me. I’m wondering if your oven could be\noff? It’s not unusual to have it 50 degrees lower than it reads. So very sorry\nfor your trouble.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Needful Things says\n\nDecember 27, 2012 at 11:05 am\n\nWeird – I can’t comment under your posts if I access this blog through google\nchrome. Anyhow, yes! Zucchini bread is a favorite around here. We love it &\nare lucky enough to find zucchini at this time of year (where we are located).\nThis bread is getting made very soon!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Pat Floyd says\n\nFebruary 1, 2013 at 7:19 pm\n\nThis is a GREAT recipe from reading, I can tell by the ingredients. Just\nwanted to pass on a little tip for grating and freezing zucchini....I’m a\ngardener so I always have an abundance. SO...grate your zucchini and than put\nit into a large Colander placed over a bowl. Toss the entire pile with with\nabout 1/4 cup SUGAR!!! (You know how salt helps ‘sweat’ moisture out of\nveges....sugar does the same thing!!) After about half an hour of draining –\nyou’ll be amazed – pack your ziploc bags with 1 to 1 1/2 cups of grated\nzucchini. You will now have more flesh and LESS WATER!!! To cool. I’ve been\nprepping mine this way for years.\n\nReply\n\n 6. Corinne says\n\nMarch 13, 2013 at 1:38 pm\n\nA healthy version of a quick bread? I could eat this every day! I love your\nsite–I am finding the best recipes here that are healthy and delicious. This\nrecipe (along with your muffin recipe) also made my favorites list for a\nbrunch menu (http://wondermomwannabe.com/effortless-entertaining-host-a-\nbrunch/). Thank you so much for the great recipes.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Nancy says\n\nApril 9, 2013 at 8:49 am\n\nI put raisins in my zucchini bread and now I make cream cheese zucchini\nbrownies. I’ve gotten a lot of requests for this recipe. My friends , and even\nmy doctors love it.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Cierra says\n\nJuly 26, 2013 at 3:28 pm\n\nHello! I just wanted to say thank you for this great recipe. I followed the\ndirections exactly and it turned out delicious!! Everyone loves it. I\nespecially like it in the muffin tin form. I’ve made 2 batches so far with\nGhirardelli dark chocolate (62%), and today I’m making a batch with walnuts as\neverybody loves them. This recipe is definitely a keeper.\n\nReply\n\n 9. Growing Up Jersey says\n\nJuly 28, 2013 at 12:00 pm\n\nI recently found your recipe and tried it this weekend. It was great! I didn’t\nhave any yogurt on hand so I substituted more buttermilk. My husband loved the\nchocolate addition. I might try some walnuts next time.\n\nI didn’t post your recipe, but I linked to it from my garden blog. I hope that\nis OK.\n\nReply\n\n 10. Jessica says\n\nJuly 29, 2013 at 8:38 pm\n\nThe note about cholesterol is a bit misleading, as yogurt does contain\ncholesterol, whereas canola oil does not. The recipe is great, though!\n\nReply\n\n 11. Heather says\n\nAugust 9, 2013 at 4:55 pm\n\nNowhere can I find out if you peel the zucchini before you grate it, or not.\n\nReply\n\n * Aimee says\n\nAugust 9, 2013 at 5:39 pm\n\nHey Heather, there’s no need to peel the zucchini! Just give it a good wash\nfirst. Happy Baking!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Michele says\n\nAugust 9, 2013 at 6:27 pm\n\nHi. Can I use regular all purpose flour instead of whole wheat and sour cream\nor Greek yogurt in this recipe ?\n\nThanks\n\nReply\n\n 13. kaceyt says\n\nAugust 30, 2013 at 4:36 pm\n\nThis recipe is in the oven right now. I’ve tried tons of zucchini bread\nrecipes throughout the years and never have found one that’s good enough to go\non repeat. Maybe this one can be it! Thanks so much for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Chandra says\n\nAugust 31, 2013 at 1:08 pm\n\nI made zucchini bread last year, and my son has been asking for me to make it\nagain. Well, I did not save the recipe and have been searching for one online\nand came across this one which sounded really good. I then remembered I had\nemailed the recipe to a friend. When I found it, it was this exact recipe from\nthis website. I will be making it again today.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Kiersten says\n\nSeptember 11, 2013 at 8:07 pm\n\nI just made this recipe today, used white flour instead of wheat and used\nlowfat vanilla yogurt and non-fat milk. Made all muffins and added semi sweet\nchocolate chips and they turned out wonderful. My son who refuses to eat\nanything with zucchini in it loved them! Would absolutely make this again!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Julie says\n\nOctober 15, 2013 at 7:59 pm\n\nI loved this recipe and used made 24 muffins. Used a bit more oil cause I did\nnot quite have enough yogurt. It raised wonderfully and it only cooked for 30\nminutes! Thanks for te recipe. I liked the whole wheat flour, yogurt and\nbuttermilk and less oil than most recipes.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Rosalba says\n\nNovember 20, 2013 at 7:41 pm\n\nI made the recipe with 67% organic cacao chocolate chunks (1.25 cups) from\nWhole Foods and everyone loved it. I did follow the recipe very closely and\nthe only thing I did different was to use 1% milk and cut it with lime juice.\nAnd I used Green Valley Lactose Free Plain Yogurt. Definitely a hit,\nespecially with a partner that is very very picky!!!\n\nReply\n\n 18. Michelle says\n\nNovember 20, 2013 at 11:10 pm\n\nBread turned out great. How do I store the loaf? Should I fridge it?\n\nReply\n\n 19. Josie Koler says\n\nMay 19, 2014 at 9:47 am\n\nI used coconut milk – w a spash of balsamic vinegar – Delicious !!! Passing\nthe recipe along to my great-aunt who gave me the frozen zucchini. She said\nshe’d teach me how to make zucchini bread – I will share w her ! The organic\nchocolate bars, cut into chunks, is what makes this such a rich, hearty treat\nto enjoy.\n\nReply\n\n 20. saritha says\n\nMay 30, 2014 at 5:36 pm\n\nThe bread turned out so good, tasted really well! love it!\n\nReply\n\n 21. Josie says\n\nJune 4, 2014 at 6:25 pm\n\nI just made this recipe. The texture of this bread is insane, soft, moist,\nspongy. I have to agree, the best zucchini bread ever. I followed the recipe\nexactly except for one ingredient – the sugar. I replaced the one cup of\nturbinado or brown sugar with 1/2 cup Splenda brown sugar. I like the recipe\nbecause it uses less oil and sugar than most.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Amy says\n\nJuly 3, 2014 at 7:34 pm\n\nI just made these with our first zucchini from the garden and with some pretty\nsignificant changes...100% whole wheat flour, butter instead of oil, 1/2 c.\neach yogurt and milk/vinegar (bc of the whole wheat), 1 c. walnuts, and 1/2 c.\ncoconut. They are amazing! I’m eating my second muffin already. I can’t really\nreview your recipe, because I deviated so much, but it worked. Next time, I’ll\ndefinitely try the chocolate. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 23. Rebecca says\n\nAugust 14, 2014 at 6:46 pm\n\nHow many loaves does this recipe yield? I read your instructions & it says...\n1-9×4 loaf pan OR 6- muffins OR 1-mini loaf\n\nI’m not sure how these are all equal? I love your recipe & would love to make\nit this weekend! Please let me know!\n\n-Rebecca\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 25, 2014 at 10:02 am\n\nRebecca, it makes one 9×4′′ loaf pan PLUS either a mini loaf or 6 muffins. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 24. Sara says\n\nNovember 18, 2014 at 1:06 pm\n\nI’ve made this recipe now about 4 times, the most recent finishing off the\nzucchini from the freezer from the garden this fall. The only change I made\nwas to sub butter for the oil (I just melted it first), well, and I use\nbuttermilk powder, which is my new favorite pantry item since its always on\nhand.. this is hands down the best zucchini bread I’ve ever made! Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 25. Louise says\n\nJanuary 10, 2015 at 11:03 am\n\nI absolutely love this recipe of yours!! I’ve made it several times before and\neach time people ate it up like there’s no tomorrow! I started counting\ncalories a couple months back, do you happen to have the calorie and\nnutritional counts for this recipe?\n\nReply\n\n 26. Lily says\n\nMarch 6, 2015 at 10:58 am\n\nA few modifications: 1/2 cup almond butter (for a little extra protein, 2 cups\nflour (only had all purpose), 1/4 cup olive oil (reduced oil and flour to\naccommodate the almond butter), and nuts on top.\n\nI did squeeze all the extra liquid from the zucchini out since I was using all\npurpose flour – will try again without the excess squeezing next time. Bread\ncame out moist and soft but not as moist as say the oily concoctions at your\nlocal (chain) coffee shop.\n\nWill make again! Thank you for the recipe!\n\nReply\n\n 27. Jeneca says\n\nJuly 21, 2015 at 9:55 am\n\nOh man! These are wonderful! I wish I hadn’t halved the recipe now, I want to\neat the whole batch.\n\nReply\n\n 28. Beatrice says\n\nJuly 24, 2015 at 1:56 pm\n\nI want to make this recipe, but am not sure which side of the box grater to\ngrate the zucchini. Please respond.\n\nBea\n\nReply\n\n 29. Corey says\n\nAugust 17, 2015 at 9:06 pm\n\nwondering what would happen if j used ricotta? Don’t have yogurt in house\ncurrently\n\nReply\n\n 30. Jillian says\n\nSeptember 12, 2015 at 6:50 pm\n\nI made these as muffins and they came out delicious 🙂 Baked them for about 30\nminutes at 350. Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 31. Hana says\n\nNovember 8, 2015 at 4:52 pm\n\nWhat’s the best way to make this recipe gluten free without compromising the\ntaste? We love the recipe as is at home but I wanted to make a separate batch\nfor my son’s class and there is a gluten restriction.\n\nThanks\n\nReply\n\n * MLE says\n\nMarch 14, 2016 at 7:11 pm\n\nI am baking my first batch right now and used Quinoa flour... we shall see...\nMade 2 mini loaf pans and 16 muffins. Didn’t quite measure out even, 40mins. I\nthink that amount of bake-time might’ve been too long by about 10mins, but the\nflavor is GREAT!!!!!\n\nReply\n\n 32. Rose says\n\nOctober 5, 2016 at 11:28 am\n\nI am not a fan of whole wheat flour. Have you tried full white flour in this\nrecipe?\n\nReply\n\n 33. Ariel says\n\nAugust 30, 2017 at 1:24 pm\n\nHey Aimee, I just came into a pile of zucchini from my friends garden! I’ve\ncooked and baked with it, but have frozen most of it using your method. I am\nwondering about using the frozen zucchini... Do I use it directly from frozen?\nShould I thaw it first? Should I drain or squeeze any excess moisture out of\nthe thawed zuch? I can’t believe I am only JUST discovering baking with\nzucchini! Can’t wait to try this bread.\n\nReply\n\n« Older Comments\n\n### Speak Your Mind Cancel reply\n\nSimple Bites\n\n * My Books\n\n * The Simple Bites Kitchen\n * Brown Eggs and Jam Jars\n * Recipes\n\n * Appetizers\n * Main Dishes\n * Bakery\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n * Lunches\n * Desserts\n * Side Dishes\n * Drinks\n * Soups & Stews\n * Salads\n * Snacks\n * Condiments\n * Preserves\n * Topics\n\n * Bakeshop\n * Cooking School\n * What’s for Dinner?\n * Entertaining & Holidays\n * Kids in the Kitchen\n * Menu Planning & Batch Cooking\n * Organization & Productivity\n * Pantry & Spotlight Ingredients\n * Preserving\n * Quick Bites\n\n#### Subscribe via email:\n\n#### Learn more...\n\n * About the Site\n * About Aimée\n\n * Contact\n * Disclosure Policy\n\nI'm Aimée, and this blog is devoted to family focused food. This is an\nencouraging community that offers comprehensive recipes, simple preserving\ntutorials, and honest tips for cooking with kids. This is our family food\nlife. 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Alternately, bake in 5 mini loaf pans for about 45 minutes.", "Get a meal from the fridge to the table in 30 minutes or less with simple chicken dishes and more.", "Get a taste of our upcoming new website, making it easier than ever to find your favorite recipes and shows. Take a Peek" ] }, "parsed_md": "Zucchini Bread Recipe : Paula Deen : Recipes : Food Network\n\n * Watch FN\n * Food Network Magazine\n * Blog\n * Social\n * Videos\n * Full Episodes\n\nFood Network\n\n * Recipes & Cooking\n * Shows\n * Chefs\n * Restaurants\n * Shop Food Network\n\n### Shop by Chef or Show\n\n * Rachael Ray\n * Guy Fieri\n * Ina Garten\n * Ree Drummond\n * More in:\n * Shop All Chefs & Shows\n * Recipes & Cooking\n\n### Shop by Food Network Store Department\n\n * Bakeware\n * Cookbooks\n * Cookware\n * Cook's Tools\n * Knives\n * Small Appliances\n * Store Homepage\n\n### Shop Brands, Gifts & Specials\n\n * Shop Best Brands\n * Specials & Clearance\n * Gift Ideas\n * All Shop Categories\n\n * Healthy Cooking\n * Big Game Bash\n * Quick & Easy\n\n### Inside Quick & Easy\n\n * Weeknight Dinners\n * Healthy Recipes\n * Simple Suppers\n * Meal Makeovers\n * Family Night\n * Appetizers\n * Fan-Favorite Recipes\n * Cheese Guide\n * Easy Italian\n * Kitchen Shortcuts\n * 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What's Cool!\n * What Would Brian Boitano Make?\n * Will Work for Food\n * Wolfgang Puck\n * Wolfgang Puck's Cooking Class\n * Worst Cooks in America\n\n * Alton Brown\n * Guy Fieri\n * Trisha Yearwood\n * Nancy Fuller\n * Robert Irvine\n * Rachael Ray\n * Ina Garten\n * Chefs A-Z\n\n### Chefs A-ZClose\n\n * Aaron McCargo, Jr.\n * Aaron Sanchez\n * Aarti Sequeira\n * Adam Gertler\n * Aida Mollenkamp\n * Alexandra Guarnaschelli\n * Alton Brown\n * Amy Finley\n * Amy Thielen\n * Anne Burrell\n * Anne Thornton\n * Beau MacMillan\n * Bob Blumer\n * Bobby Deen\n * Bobby Flay\n * Brian Boitano\n * Candace Nelson\n * Cat Cora\n * Chris Cognac\n * Claire Robinson\n * Daisy Martinez\n * Damaris Phillips\n * Danny Boome\n * Darrell \"DAS\" Smith\n * Dave Lieberman\n * Duff Goldman\n * Ellie Krieger\n * Emeril Lagasse\n * Food Network Kitchens\n * Geoffrey Zakarian\n * George Duran\n * Giada De Laurentiis\n * Guy Fieri\n * Ina Garten\n * Ingrid Hoffmann\n * Jack Hourigan\n * Jamie Deen\n * Jamie Oliver\n * Janet Johnston\n * Jeff Corwin\n * Jeff Henderson\n * Jeff Mauro\n * Jim O'Connor\n * John Besh\n * Jose Garces\n * Katie Lee\n * Keegan Gerhard\n * Kevin Brauch\n * Marc Forgione\n * Marc Summers\n * Marcela Valladolid\n * Mario Batali\n * Mark Dacascos\n * Mary Nolan\n * Masaharu Morimoto\n * Melissa d'Arabian\n * Michael Chiarello\n * Michael Symon\n * Nancy Fuller\n * Nigella Lawson\n * Patrick and Gina Neely\n * Paula Deen\n * Rachael Ray\n * Rahm Fama\n * Ree Drummond\n * Robert Irvine\n * Robin Miller\n * Ron Ben-Israel\n * Sandra Lee\n * Scott Conant\n * Sunny Anderson\n * Ted Allen\n * The Hearty Boys\n * Tom Pizzica\n * Trisha Yearwood\n * Tyler Florence\n * Warren Brown\n\n * By Show\n * By Host\n * By Destination\n * By Location\n\n * Recipe Box\n\nHome> Recipes> Seasonal>\n\nZucchini Bread Recipe\n\n# Zucchini Bread\n\nRecipe courtesy Paula Deen\n\nShow: Paula's Home CookingEpisode: Weekend House Guest\n\n * Recipe categories: Nuts, Zucchini\n\nmore\n\n * Cuisine : American\n * Meal Part : Dessert\n * Meal Type : Brunch , Breakfast\n * Season : Summer\n * Technique : Baking\n * Who's Dining : For a Crowd\n\n * recipe\n * ratings & reviews(1012)\n * videos(3)\n\n3 Videos | Photo: Zucchini Bread Recipe\n\nRated 4 stars out of 5\n\n * Rate This Recipe\n * Read 1012 Reviews\n\nTotal Time:\n\n \n\n1 hr 10 min\n\nPrep\n\n \n\n10 min\n\nCook\n\n \n\n1 hr 0 min\n\nYield:\n\n 2 loaves\n\nLevel:\n\n Easy\n\n * Print Recipe\n * Full-Page View\n * Save to Recipe Box\n * Review Recipe\n\nx\n\n### Save To My Recipe Box\n\nSuccess\n\nThis recipe was saved to your Folder_Name folder.\n\nx\n\n### Save To My Recipe Box\n\nPlease sign in to save this recipe to your Recipe Box!!\n\n * Summer Produce Main\n * Best Summer Produce Recipes\n * Summer Fruit Desserts\n * More\n\n \n\n25 Characters Max\n\n### Enter Time:\n\n:\n\n:\n\nStart\n\nYou can create up to five timers\n\n©Television Food Network G.P. All Rights Reserved.\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 3 1/4 cups all-purpose flour\n * 1 1/2 teaspoons salt\n * 1 teaspoon ground nutmeg\n * 2 teaspoons baking soda\n * 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon\n * 3 cups sugar\n * 1 cup vegetable oil\n * 4 eggs, beaten\n * 1/3 cup water\n * 2 cups grated zucchini\n * 1 teaspoon lemon juice\n * 1 cup chopped walnuts or pecans\n\n## Directions\n\nPreheat oven to 350 degrees F. In a large bowl, combine flour, salt, nutmeg,\nbaking soda, cinnamon and sugar. In a separate bowl, combine oil, eggs, water,\nzucchini and lemon juice. Mix wet ingredients into dry, add nuts and fold in.\nBake in 2 standard loaf pans, sprayed with nonstick spray, for 1 hour, or\nuntil a tester comes out clean. Alternately, bake in 5 mini loaf pans for\nabout 45 minutes.\n\nPrint Recipe\n\n## Browse Similar Recipes\n\n * Gluten-Free Zucchini Bread\n\n * Chocolate Chip Zucchini Bread\n\nBy: Paula Deen\n\n * Zucchini Bread\n\nBy: Food Network Kitchens\n\n * Zucchini Bread With Dried...\n\nBy: Food Network Kitchens\n\nView All 47 Vegetable Collections\n\n## Vegetable Recipe Collections\n\n * Tomato Soup Recipes(474)\n * Tomato Side Dish Recipes(1033)\n\n * Tomato Salad Recipes(734)\n * Sweet Potato Recipes(572)\n\n * Squash Casserole Recipes(12)\n * Spinach Salad Recipes(220)\n\n#### Browse Reviews by Keywordnew!\n\nFlag as inappropriate\n\nThank you! your flag was submitted.\n\n### Dinner in a Snap\n\nGet a meal from the fridge to the table in 30 minutes or less with simple\nchicken dishes and more.\n\nQuick & Easy Recipes\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### On TV\n\nFull Schedule · Shows A-Z\n\nWhat's Hot\n\n \n\nGuy's Grocery Games\n\nHosted by: Guy Fieri\n\n#### Most Popular Right Now\n\n#### Recipes\n\nSee More Recipes »\n\nBuffalo Chicken Cheese Balls\n\nRated 5 stars out of 5\n\n307 Reviews\n\nRoasted Brussels Sprouts\n\nRated 5 stars out of 5\n\n409 Reviews\n\nBlondies\n\nRated 5 stars out of 5\n\n70 Reviews\n\n#### Photo Galleries\n\nTop Holiday Cookies\n\nEasy, Elegant Holiday Appetizer Recipes\n\n#### Videos\n\nWatch More Videos »\n\nRee's Holiday Cinnamon Rolls\n\n27153 views 00:03:17\n\nDecadent White Hot Chocolate\n\n21445 views 00:03:31\n\n#### Today's Deal\n\nBrowse More Products »\n\nRed Nonstick Skillet Set by Farberware\n\n$29.95\n\n5-qt. 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How To Recognize Spinal Meningitis Symptoms
To recognize spinal meningitis, watch for common symptoms like severe, persistent headaches, vomiting, nausea, high fever, stiff neck, difficulty concentrating, and light sensitivity. If you experience these symptoms, contact your doctor as soon as possible since spinal meningitis can be life-threatening if it's not treated. You might also experience seizures, in which case you should call emergency services. If you develop a blotchy, reddish or purple rash, press a clear drinking glass against it and watch to see what color it turns. If your skin doesn't turn white underneath the glass, it could be a sign of blood poisoning associated with spinal meningitis, and you should go to the hospital immediately.
[ "http://web.archive.org/web/20130530232853/http://www.mayoclinic.com:80/health/meningitis/DS00118/DSECTION=symptoms", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210919015539/https://www.cdc.gov/hi-disease/", "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006235652/https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/fungal.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20150226184208/http://www.webmd.com:80/brain/meningococcal-meningitis-symptoms-causes-treatments-and-vaccines", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506005209/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4313m32x", "http://web.archive.org/web/20140112185009/http://children.webmd.com:80/vaccines/meningitis-vaccine-what-parents-should-know", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210917074922/https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/viral.html", "http://web.archive.org/web/20170921041005/http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/meningitis_in_children/page3_em.htm", "http://web.archive.org/web/20210915115316/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/meningitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350508", "http://web.archive.org/web/20171004121325/http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/meningitis_in_adults/page3_em.htm" ]
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[ { "original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.com:80/health/meningitis/DS00118/DSECTION=symptoms", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20130530232853/http://www.mayoclinic.com:80/health/meningitis/DS00118/DSECTION=symptoms", "parsed_text": { "title": "Meningitis: Symptoms", "passages": [ "It's easy to mistake the early signs and symptoms of meningitis for the flu (influenza). Meningitis signs and symptoms may develop over several hours or over one or two days.", "Signs in newborns Newborns and infants may not have the classic signs and symptoms of headache and stiff neck. Instead, signs of meningitis in this age group may include:", "When to see a doctor Seek medical care right away if you or someone in your family has signs or symptoms of meningitis, such as:", "Viral meningitis may improve without treatment, but bacterial meningitis is serious, can come on very quickly and requires prompt antibiotic treatment to improve the chances of a recovery. Delaying treatment for bacterial meningitis increases the risk of permanent brain damage or death. In addition, bacterial meningitis can prove fatal in a matter of days.", "There's no way to know what kind of meningitis you or your child has without seeing your doctor and undergoing spinal fluid testing.", "It's also important to talk to your doctor if a family member or someone you work with has meningitis. You may need to take medications to prevent an infection.", "Longo DL, et al. Harrison's Online. 18th ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2012. http://www.accessmedicine.com/resourceTOC.aspx?resourceID=4. Accessed Dec. 28, 2012.", "Recommended immunization schedule for persons aged 0 through 18 years — United States, 2013. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/child-adolescent.html. Accessed Feb. 19, 2013.", "© 1998-2013 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). All rights reserved. A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. \"Mayo,\" \"Mayo Clinic,\" \"MayoClinic.com,\" \"EmbodyHealth,\" \"Enhance your life,\" and the triple-shield Mayo Clinic logo are trademarks of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research.", "Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization and proceeds from Web advertising help support our mission. Mayo Clinic does not endorse any of the non-Mayo products and services advertised.", "LEGAL CONDITIONS AND TERMS OF USE APPLICABLE TO ALL USERS OF THIS SITE. ANY USE OF THIS SITE CONSTITUTES YOUR AGREEMENT TO THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF USE." ] }, "parsed_md": "Meningitis: Symptoms - MayoClinic.com\n\n * Patient Care\n\n * Request an Appointment\n * Log in to Patient Account\n * See Treatment & Diagnosis Services\n * Plan Your Visit\n * Find a Doctor\n * Download Mayo Clinic Patient App\n * Stories\n * Health Information\n\n * Diseases & Conditions A-Z\n * Symptom Checker\n * Drugs & Supplements A-Z\n * Tests & Procedures A-Z\n * Healthy Living\n * Expert Blogs\n * Mayo Clinic Store\n * For Medical Professionals\n\n * Online Services for Referring Physicians\n * Grand Rounds\n * Publications\n * Continuing Medical Education\n * Mayo Medical Laboratories\n * Patient Education Materials\n * Research\n\n * Explore Research Areas\n * Find Clinical Trials\n * Research Faculty\n * Postdoctoral Fellowships\n * Discovery’s Edge Magazine\n * Search Publications\n * Education\n\n * Mayo Graduate School\n * Mayo Medical School\n * Mayo School of Continuous Professional Development\n * Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education\n * Mayo School of Health Sciences\n * Alumni Center\n\n * Request an Appointment\n * Find a Doctor\n * Find a Job\n * Log in to Patient Account\n * Give to Mayo Clinic\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n\n * Diseases and Conditions\n * Symptoms\n * Drugs and Supplements\n * Tests and Procedures\n * Healthy Lifestyle\n * First Aid\n\n * Home\n * Diseases and Conditions\n * Meningitis\n * Basics\n * Symptoms\n\n# Meningitis\n\n * Basics\n * In-Depth\n * Multimedia\n * Expert Answers\n * Resources\n\n * Definition\n * Symptoms\n * Causes\n * Risk factors\n * Complications\n * Preparing for your appointment\n * Tests and diagnosis\n * Treatments and drugs\n * Prevention\n\n#### Free\n\n### E-newsletter\n\n## Subscribe to Housecall\n\nOur weekly general interest e-newsletter keeps you up to date on a wide\nvariety of health topics.\n\nSign up now\n\n * ### RSS Feeds\n\nclose window\n\n## Mayo Clinic Housecall\n\n#### Stay up to date on the latest health information.\n\n### What you get\n\n * Free weekly e-newsletter\n * Mayo Clinic expertise\n * Recipes, tools and other helpful information\n * We do not share your e-mail address\n\n * Sign up\n\n# Symptoms\n\nBy Mayo Clinic staff\n\nIt's easy to mistake the early signs and symptoms of meningitis for the flu\n(influenza). Meningitis signs and symptoms may develop over several hours or\nover one or two days.\n\nThe signs and symptoms that may occur in anyone older than age of 2 include:\n\n * Sudden high fever\n * Severe headache that isn't easily confused with other types of headache\n * Stiff neck\n * Vomiting or nausea with headache\n * Confusion or difficulty concentrating\n * Seizures\n * Sleepiness or difficulty waking up\n * Sensitivity to light\n * Lack of interest in drinking and eating\n * Skin rash in some cases, such as in meningococcal meningitis\n\nSigns in newborns Newborns and infants may not have the classic signs and\nsymptoms of headache and stiff neck. Instead, signs of meningitis in this age\ngroup may include:\n\n * High fever\n * Constant crying\n * Excessive sleepiness or irritability\n * Inactivity or sluggishness\n * Poor feeding\n * A bulge in the soft spot on top of a baby's head (fontanel)\n * Stiffness in a baby's body and neck\n\nInfants with meningitis may be difficult to comfort, and may even cry harder\nwhen picked up.\n\nWhen to see a doctor Seek medical care right away if you or someone in your\nfamily has signs or symptoms of meningitis, such as:\n\n * Fever\n * Severe, unrelenting headache\n * Confusion\n * Vomiting\n * Stiff neck\n\nViral meningitis may improve without treatment, but bacterial meningitis is\nserious, can come on very quickly and requires prompt antibiotic treatment to\nimprove the chances of a recovery. Delaying treatment for bacterial meningitis\nincreases the risk of permanent brain damage or death. In addition, bacterial\nmeningitis can prove fatal in a matter of days.\n\nThere's no way to know what kind of meningitis you or your child has without\nseeing your doctor and undergoing spinal fluid testing.\n\nIt's also important to talk to your doctor if a family member or someone you\nwork with has meningitis. You may need to take medications to prevent an\ninfection.\n\nCauses Definition\n\n * ### Mayo Clinic products and services\n\n * Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 4th Edition\n * Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter\n * Give today to find cures for tomorrow\n\n * ### See Also\n\nHand Scheduled Section Focus\n\n * Symptom Checker\n\nRelated Links Related Guides Children Parent\n\nReferences\n\n 1. Meningitis and encephalitis fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/encephalitis_meningitis/detail_encephalitis_meningitis.htm. Accessed Dec. 29, 2012.\n 2. Bacterial meningitis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial.html. Accessed Jan. 2, 2013.\n 3. Bartt R. Acute bacterial and viral meningitis. Continuum Lifelong Learning in Neurology. 2012;18:1255.\n 4. Viral meningitis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/viral.html. Accessed Jan. 2, 2013.\n 5. Fungal meningitis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/fungal.html. Accessed Jan. 2, 2013.\n 6. Derber CJ, et al. Head and neck emergencies. Medical Clinics of North America. 2012;96:1107.\n 7. Longo DL, et al. Harrison's Online. 18th ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2012. http://www.accessmedicine.com/resourceTOC.aspx?resourceID=4. Accessed Dec. 28, 2012.\n 8. Acute bacterial meningitis. The Merck Manuals: The Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic_disorders/meningitis/acute_bacterial_meningitis.html. Accessed Dec. 31, 2012.\n 9. Prevention — Listeriosis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/prevention.html. Accessed Jan. 2, 2013.\n 10. Subacute and chronic meningitis. The Merck Manuals: The Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic_disorders/meningitis/subacute_and_chronic_meningitis.html. Accessed Jan. 2, 2013.\n 11. Van de Beek D, et al. Advances in treatment of bacterial meningitis. The Lancet. 2012;380:1693.\n 12. Recommended immunization schedule for persons aged 0 through 18 years — United States, 2013. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/child-adolescent.html. Accessed Feb. 19, 2013.\n 13. Recommended adult immunization schedule — United States, 2012. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/downloads/adult/adult-schedule.pdf. Accessed Dec. 28, 2012.\n 14. Meningococcal vaccine: Who and when to vaccinate. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/mening/who-vaccinate-hcp.htm. Accessed Dec. 28, 2012.\n\nDS00118 March 19, 2013\n\n© 1998-2013 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). All\nrights reserved. 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All rights\nreserved.\n\nWe comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify\nhere. \n--- \n \nText Size: smaller largerlarger\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/hi-disease/", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210919015539/https://www.cdc.gov/hi-disease/", "parsed_text": { "title": "Haemophilus influenzae Disease (Including Hib)", "passages": [ "Haemophilus influenzae disease is a name for any illness caused by bacteria called H. influenzae. Some of these illnesses, like ear infections, are mild while others, like bloodstream infections, are very serious. In spite of the name, H. influenzae do not cause influenza (the flu). Vaccines can prevent one type of H. influenzae (type b or Hib) disease.", "Hib can cause severe infections of both the lining of the brain and spinal cord (meningitis) and the bloodstream. Vaccines can prevent Hib disease. CDC recommends Hib vaccination for all children younger than 2 years old.", "People can spread H. influenzae, including Hib, by coughing or sneezing while in close contact with others. People around them then can breathe in the bacteria. Even people who are not sick can have the bacteria in their noses and throats and spread the bacteria.", "Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website." ] }, "parsed_md": "Haemophilus influenzae Disease (including Hib) | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People\n\nHaemophilus influenzae Disease (Including Hib)\n\n# Haemophilus influenzae Disease (Including Hib)\n\nRelated Pages\n\nlab icon\n\nAbout Haemophilus influenzae Disease\n\nsyringe icon\n\nVaccination\n\nlab icon\n\nSurveillance\n\nmedical icon\n\nFor Clinicians\n\nlab icon\n\nFor Laboratorians\n\nbook icon\n\nPublications and Multimedia\n\nRelated Links\n\n * Global Hib Vaccination\n * Hib Vaccination\n * Meningitis\n * Pneumonia\n * Sepsis\n\nHaemophilus influenzae disease is a name for any illness caused by bacteria\ncalled H. influenzae. Some of these illnesses, like ear infections, are mild\nwhile others, like bloodstream infections, are very serious. In spite of the\nname, H. influenzae do not cause influenza (the flu). Vaccines can prevent one\ntype of H. influenzae (type b or Hib) disease.\n\nVaccines Can Protect Your Child from Hib Disease\n\nHib can cause severe infections of both the lining of the brain and spinal\ncord (meningitis) and the bloodstream. Vaccines can prevent Hib disease. CDC\nrecommends Hib vaccination for all children younger than 2 years old.\n\nMore\n\nHow It Spreads\n\nPeople can spread H. influenzae, including Hib, by coughing or sneezing while\nin close contact with others. People around them then can breathe in the\nbacteria. Even people who are not sick can have the bacteria in their noses\nand throats and spread the bacteria.\n\nMore\n\nHib Information for Parents\n\nBasic information about Hib disease and vaccine:\n\n * English\n * Spanish\n\nLa enfermedad por Hib: Lo que debe saber\n\n * Vacuna contra el Hib\n * La vacuna (inyectable) contra el Hib\n * Vacunas e inmunización\n\nPage last reviewed: May 13, 2021\n\nContent source: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases,\nDivision of Bacterial Diseases\n\nHAVE QUESTIONS?\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * CDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n * Español\n * 繁體中文\n * Tiếng Việt\n * 한국어\n * Tagalog\n * Русский\n * العربية\n * Kreyòl Ayisyen\n * Français\n * Polski\n * Português\n * Italiano\n * Deutsch\n * 日本語\n * فارسی\n * English\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/fungal.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006235652/https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/fungal.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Fungal Meningitis", "passages": [ "Fungal meningitis can develop after a fungal infection spreads from somewhere else in the body to the brain or spinal cord.", "Histoplasma lives in the environment, particularly in soil that contains large amounts of bird or bat droppings. In the United States, the fungus mainly lives in the central and eastern states.", "Blastomyces lives in moist soil and in decaying wood and leaves. In the United States, the fungus mainly lives in midwestern, south central, and southeastern states.", "Coccidioides lives in the soil in the southwestern United States, south-central Washington State, and parts of Mexico and Central and South America.", "These fungi are too small to see without a microscope. People can get sick if they breathe in fungal spores. People get meningitis if the fungal infection spreads from the lungs to the brain or spinal cord. Fungal meningitis does not spread between people.", "The fungus Candida can also cause meningitis. Candida normally lives inside the body and on the skin without causing any problems. However, in certain patients who are at risk, Candida can enter the bloodstream or internal organs and cause an infection.", "Although anyone can get fungal meningitis, people with weakened immune systems are at increased risk. Certain health conditions, medications, and surgical procedures may weaken the immune system. HIV infection and cancer are examples of health conditions that can weaken the immune system. Medications that can weaken the immune system include:", "Premature babies with very low birth weights are also at increased risk for getting Candida bloodstream infection, which may spread to the brain.", "Living in certain areas of the United States may increase the risk for fungal lung infections, which can spread to the brain or spinal cord, causing meningitis.", "If a doctor suspects meningitis, he or she may collect samples of blood or cerebrospinal fluid (fluid surrounding the spinal cord). Then laboratories can perform specific tests, depending on the type of fungus suspected. Knowing the cause of fungal meningitis is important because doctors treat different types of fungal infections differently.", "Doctors treat fungal meningitis with long courses of high-dose antifungal medications, often given directly into a vein through an IV. After that, patients also need to take antifungal medications by mouth. The total length of treatment depends on the patient’s immune system and the type of fungus causing the infection. Treatment is often longer for people with weak immune systems, like those with AIDS or cancer.", "Try to avoid areas with a lot of dust like construction or excavation sites. If you can’t avoid these areas, wear an N95 respirator (a type of face mask) while you’re there. Click for more information about respirators.", "Clean skin injuries well with soap and water to reduce the chances of developing a skin infection, especially if the wound was exposed to dirt or dust.", "Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website." ] }, "parsed_md": "Fungal Meningitis | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People\n\nMeningitis\n\n# Fungal Meningitis\n\nEspañol (Spanish)\n\nRelated Pages\n\nOn This Page\n\n * Causes\n * How It Spreads\n * Risk Factors\n * Signs & Symptoms\n * Diagnosis\n * Treatment\n * Prevention\n\n## Causes\n\nFungal meningitis can develop after a fungal infection spreads from somewhere\nelse in the body to the brain or spinal cord.\n\nSome causes of fungal meningitis include Cryptococcus, Histoplasma,\nBlastomyces, Coccidioides, and Candida.\n\n## How It Spreads\n\nMany fungi that can cause meningitis live in the environment:\n\n * Cryptococcus lives in the environment throughout the world.\n * Histoplasma lives in the environment, particularly in soil that contains large amounts of bird or bat droppings. In the United States, the fungus mainly lives in the central and eastern states.\n * Blastomyces lives in moist soil and in decaying wood and leaves. In the United States, the fungus mainly lives in midwestern, south central, and southeastern states.\n * Coccidioides lives in the soil in the southwestern United States, south-central Washington State, and parts of Mexico and Central and South America.\n\nThese fungi are too small to see without a microscope. People can get sick if\nthey breathe in fungal spores. People get meningitis if the fungal infection\nspreads from the lungs to the brain or spinal cord. Fungal meningitis does not\nspread between people.\n\nThe fungus Candida can also cause meningitis. Candida normally lives inside\nthe body and on the skin without causing any problems. However, in certain\npatients who are at risk, Candida can enter the bloodstream or internal organs\nand cause an infection.\n\n## Risk Factors\n\nAlthough anyone can get fungal meningitis, people with weakened immune systems\nare at increased risk. Certain health conditions, medications, and surgical\nprocedures may weaken the immune system. HIV infection and cancer are examples\nof health conditions that can weaken the immune system. Medications that can\nweaken the immune system include:\n\n * Steroids (such as prednisone)\n * Medications given after organ transplantation\n * Anti-TNF (tumor necrosis factor) medications, which are sometimes given for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis or other autoimmune conditions\n\nPremature babies with very low birth weights are also at increased risk for\ngetting Candida bloodstream infection, which may spread to the brain.\n\nLiving in certain areas of the United States may increase the risk for fungal\nlung infections, which can spread to the brain or spinal cord, causing\nmeningitis.\n\nTop of Page\n\n## Signs and Symptoms\n\nSigns and symptoms of fungal meningitis include the following:\n\n * Fever\n * Headache\n * Stiff neck\n * Nausea and vomiting\n * Photophobia (eyes being more sensitive to light)\n * Altered mental status (confusion)\n\n## Diagnosis\n\nIf a doctor suspects meningitis, he or she may collect samples of blood or\ncerebrospinal fluid (fluid surrounding the spinal cord). Then laboratories can\nperform specific tests, depending on the type of fungus suspected. Knowing the\ncause of fungal meningitis is important because doctors treat different types\nof fungal infections differently.\n\n## Treatment\n\nDoctors treat fungal meningitis with long courses of high-dose antifungal\nmedications, often given directly into a vein through an IV. After that,\npatients also need to take antifungal medications by mouth. The total length\nof treatment depends on the patient’s immune system and the type of fungus\ncausing the infection. Treatment is often longer for people with weak immune\nsystems, like those with AIDS or cancer.\n\n## Prevention\n\nNo specific activities are known to cause fungal meningitis. People with weak\nimmune systems should\n\n * Try to avoid areas with a lot of dust like construction or excavation sites. If you can’t avoid these areas, wear an N95 respirator (a type of face mask) while you’re there. Click for more information about respirators.\n * Stay inside during dust storms and close your windows.\n * Avoid activities that involve close contact to dirt or dust, including yard work, gardening, and digging.\n * Use air filtration measures indoors.\n * Clean skin injuries well with soap and water to reduce the chances of developing a skin infection, especially if the wound was exposed to dirt or dust.\n * Take preventive antifungal medication if your healthcare provider says you need it.\n\nThis is especially true if they live in a geographic region where fungi like\nHistoplasma, Coccidioides, or Blastomyces exist.\n\nTop of Page\n\nRelated Pages\n\n * Fungal Diseases\n * Blastomycosis\n * Candidiasis\n * Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever)\n * Cryptococcus neoformans infection\n * Histoplasmosis\n\nPage last reviewed: May 25, 2021\n\nContent source: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases\n\nRelated Links\n\n * Vaccine Schedules\n * Preteen & Teen Vaccines\n * Meningococcal Disease\n * Sepsis\n\nHAVE QUESTIONS?\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Other Languages\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * Vulnerability Disclosure Policy\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Other Languages\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * CDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n * Español\n * 繁體中文\n * Tiếng Việt\n * 한국어\n * Tagalog\n * Русский\n * العربية\n * Kreyòl Ayisyen\n * Français\n * Polski\n * Português\n * Italiano\n * Deutsch\n * 日本語\n * فارسی\n * English\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.webmd.com:80/brain/meningococcal-meningitis-symptoms-causes-treatments-and-vaccines", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150226184208/http://www.webmd.com:80/brain/meningococcal-meningitis-symptoms-causes-treatments-and-vaccines", "parsed_text": { "title": "Meningococcal Meningitis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Vaccines", "passages": [ "Meningococcal meningitis is a rare but serious infection. It causes the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord to become inflamed. Each year, approximately 1,000 people in the U.S. get meningococcal disease, which includes meningitis and septicemia (blood infection).", "Meningococcal meningitis can be fatal or cause great harm without prompt treatment; as many as one out of five people who contract the infection have serious complications. According to the Centers for Disease Control, about 15% of those who survive are left with disabilities that include deafness, brain damage, and neurological problems.", "A gun is fired from somewhere off-screen directly at actor Angela Lansbury, who sits calmly, speaking into the camera. As the slow-motion bullet travels straight toward her, she explains this is how amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), otherwise known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, attacks your body. “You know what’s coming, but you can’t do anything about it.” Then, after an appeal to the audience to support global research efforts, she stands and walks boldly off-screen, dodging the bullet just...", "Bacteria and viruses are the two main causes of meningitis. The bacterium Neisseria meningitidis, also called meningococcus, causes meningococcal meningitis. In children and teens, meningococcus is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis. In adults, it is the second most common cause.", "Meningococcal bacteria may cause infection in a part of the body -- the skin, gastrointestinal tract, or respiratory tract, for instance. For unknown reasons, the bacteria may then spread through the bloodstream to the nervous system. When it gets there, it causes meningococcal meningitis. Bacteria can also enter the nervous system directly after severe head trauma, surgery, or infection.", "Your risk for meningococcal meningitis increases if you are exposed to the bacterium that causes it. Your risk also increases if you've had a recent upper respiratory infection. Babies, children, and teens are at greatest risk.", "A reddish or purple skin rash is a very important sign to watch for. If it does not turn white when you press a glass against it, the rash may be a sign of blood poisoning. This is a medical emergency." ] }, "parsed_md": "Meningococcal Meningitis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Vaccines\n\nSkip to content\n\nSymptoms| Doctors| Health Care Reform\n\nSign In| Sign Up | Subscribe\n\nMy WebMD\n\nShow Menu\n\n * My Tools\n * My WebMD Pages\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\nFacebookTwitterPinterest\n\nWebMD Home Brain & Nervous System Health Center\n\nEmail a Friend\n\nPrint Article\n\n# Brain & Nervous System Health Center\n\n## Tools & Resources\n\n * Caregiver's Guide to Alzheimer's\n * Stroke Explained in Photos\n * Parkinson's Disease Overview\n * Concussions and Brain Injuries\n * Manage Your MS Symptoms\n * Is Autism Linked to Vaccines?\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\n## An Overview of Meningococcal Meningitis\n\n##### In this article\n\n * What Causes Meningococcal Meningitis?\n * What Are the Symptoms of Meningococcal Meningitis?\n * What's the Treatment for Meningococcal Meningitis?\n * Are There Vaccines for Meningococcal Meningitis?\n\nMeningococcal meningitis is a rare but serious infection. It causes the\nmembranes that cover the brain and spinal cord to become inflamed. Each year,\napproximately 1,000 people in the U.S. get meningococcal disease, which\nincludes meningitis and septicemia (blood infection).\n\nMeningococcal meningitis can be fatal or cause great harm without prompt\ntreatment; as many as one out of five people who contract the infection have\nserious complications. According to the Centers for Disease Control, about 15%\nof those who survive are left with disabilities that include deafness, brain\ndamage, and neurological problems.\n\n#### Recommended Related to Brain & Nervous System\n\nAngela Lansbury Investigates Lou Gehrig’s Disease\n\nA gun is fired from somewhere off-screen directly at actor Angela Lansbury,\nwho sits calmly, speaking into the camera. As the slow-motion bullet travels\nstraight toward her, she explains this is how amyotrophic lateral sclerosis\n(ALS), otherwise known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, attacks your body. “You know\nwhat’s coming, but you can’t do anything about it.” Then, after an appeal to\nthe audience to support global research efforts, she stands and walks boldly\noff-screen, dodging the bullet just...\n\nRead the Angela Lansbury Investigates Lou Gehrig’s Disease article > >\n\nHere's what you need to know about the symptoms of meningococcal meningitis\nand ways to prevent and treat it.\n\n### What Causes Meningococcal Meningitis?\n\nBacteria and viruses are the two main causes of meningitis. The bacterium\nNeisseria meningitidis, also called meningococcus, causes meningococcal\nmeningitis. In children and teens, meningococcus is the most common cause of\nbacterial meningitis. In adults, it is the second most common cause.\n\nMeningococcal bacteria may cause infection in a part of the body -- the skin,\ngastrointestinal tract, or respiratory tract, for instance. For unknown\nreasons, the bacteria may then spread through the bloodstream to the nervous\nsystem. When it gets there, it causes meningococcal meningitis. Bacteria can\nalso enter the nervous system directly after severe head trauma, surgery, or\ninfection.\n\nYour risk for meningococcal meningitis increases if you are exposed to the\nbacterium that causes it. Your risk also increases if you've had a recent\nupper respiratory infection. Babies, children, and teens are at greatest risk.\n\n### What Are the Symptoms of Meningococcal Meningitis?\n\nSymptoms of meningococcal meningitis may vary from case to case. The more\ncommon signs and symptoms include:\n\n * General poor feeling\n * Sudden high fever\n * Severe, persistent headache\n * Neck stiffness\n * Nausea or vomiting\n * Discomfort in bright lights\n * Drowsiness or difficulty awakening\n * Joint pain\n * Confusion or other mental changes\n\nA reddish or purple skin rash is a very important sign to watch for. If it\ndoes not turn white when you press a glass against it, the rash may be a sign\nof blood poisoning. This is a medical emergency.\n\nOther symptoms of meningitis or blood poisoning may include:\n\n * Tense or bulging soft spot (in babies)\n * High-pitched or moaning cry (in babies)\n * Stiff, jerky movements or floppiness (in babies or toddlers)\n * Irritability\n * Fast breathing\n * Lethargy or excessive sleepiness\n * Blotchy skin, turning pale or blue\n * Shivering, or cold hands and feet\n * Seizure\n\n1 | 2 | 3\n\nNext Page >\n\nContinue reading below...\n\n#### Top Picks\n\n * Home Remedies for Vertigo\n * 10 Early Signs of Alzheimer's\n * What Is a Coma?\n * Helpful Ways to Manage MS\n * Medical Marijuana: How It's Used\n * Essential Tremor and Its Effects\n\n#### Further Reading:\n\n * What is meningitis?\n * Meningitis Vaccine Booster Shot Age\n * Know Warning Signs of Meningitis\n * Meningitis: 12 FAQs About Prevention, Symptoms & Treatment\n * Meningitis Symptoms & Warning Signs\n * Surviving Meningitis: Carl Buher’s Story\n * Pneumococcal Vaccine: What You Need to Know\n * See All Meningitis Topics\n\n### Meningitis Home\n\n * Medical Reference\n * Features\n * Video\n * WebMD Answers\n * Quizzes\n * News Archive\n\n### Brain & Nervous System Health Center\n\n * News & Features\n * Reference\n * Quizzes\n * Slideshows\n * Videos\n * Find a Neurologist\n\n### Related to Brain & Nervous\n\n * Alzheimer's Disease\n * Autism\n * Bell’s Palsy\n * Concussion\n * Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease\n * Epilepsy\n * Guillain-Barré Syndrome\n * Lou Gehrig’s Disease\n * Multiple Sclerosis\n * Parkinson's Disease\n * Restless Legs Syndrome\n * Stroke\n * More Related Topics\n\n## Today on WebMD\n\nWhat Is Multiple Sclerosis?\n\nLearn how this disease affects the nervous system.\n\nMemory Loss and Alzheimer's\n\nKnow the early warning signs.\n\nKeep Your Brain In Good Shape\n\nTips to stay smart, sharp, and focused.\n\nMedical Marijuana\n\nWhat is it used for?\n\nArticle\n\nAlzheimer's: Ways to Help Memory\n\nSlideshow\n\nHow Head Injuries Hurt Your Brain\n\nArticle\n\nVertigo: Types, Causes\n\nVIDEO\n\nAutism and Vaccines: What's the Link?\n\nSlideshow\n\nWhat Is a Stroke?\n\nSlideshow\n\nMS Symptoms & Causes\n\nSlideshow\n\nSigns of Alzheimer's Disease\n\nQuiz\n\nHow Well Do You Know Your Brain?\n\n### WebMD Special Sections\n\n * Slideshow: When a Loved One Has Alzheimer's Disease\n * Slideshow: A Visual Guide to Multiple Sclerosis\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Family Risk of COPD?\n * Controlling Heart Disease\n * Lactose Intolerant?\n\n * IBS-C Symptoms?\n * Brush, Floss & Rinse\n * COPD and Alpha-1\n\n * Enjoy Dairy Everyday\n * Managing Diabetes\n * 21 Days: A New Routine\n\n * COPD Treatment\n * Replacing Milk\n * Supplement FAQs\n\n * Frequent Constipation?\n * Can COPD Be Inherited?\n * Managing IBS-C Symptoms\n\n##### More From WebMD:\n\nRA Basics|Severe Psoriasis|ED Causes|Blood Sugar Swings|Psoriatic\nArthritis|Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms|ADHD in Children|Diabetes Diet Myths\n\n###### Find us on:\n\nURAC: Accredited Health Web Site AdChoices\n\nAbout WebMD Advertise With Us Terms of Use Privacy Policy Sponsor Policy Site\nMap Careers Contact Us\n\nMedscape Reference eMedicineHealth RxList Medscape MedicineNet BootsWebMD\nWebMD Corporate\n\nWebMD Health Services First Aid WebMD Magazine WebMD Health Record WebMD\nMobile Newsletters\n\nDictionary Physician Directory\n\n©2005-2015 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional\ninformation.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4313m32x", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506005209/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4313m32x", "parsed_text": { "title": "Haemophilus influenzae Sepsis and Placental Abruption in an Unvaccinated Immigrant", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Haemophilus influenzae Sepsis and Placental Abruption in an Unvaccinated\nImmigrant\n\nSkip to main content\n\nOpen Access Publications from the University of California\n\n# Western Journal of Emergency Medicine: Integrating Emergency Care with\nPopulation Health\n\nUC Irvine\n\nDownload PDF\n\n##\n\nHaemophilus influenzae Sepsis and Placental Abruption in an Unvaccinated\nImmigrant\n\n2012\n\n * Author(s): Calner, Paul A\n * Salinas, Megan L\n * Steck, Alaina\n * Schechter-Perkins, Elissa\n * et al.\n\n## Published Web Location\n\nhttps://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2011.7.6783\n\n## Jump To\n\nArticle\n\n * Abstract\n * Main Content\n\n * Metrics\n * Author & Article Info\n\n## Related Items\n\n * ### \n\nThe Impact of COVID-19 on a Large, Canadian Community Emergency Department\n\n * Lee, Daniel Dongjoo\n * Jung, Hyejung\n * Lou, Wendy\n * Rauchwerger, David\n * Chartier, Lucas B.\n * Masood, Sameer\n * Sathiaseelan, Seyon\n * Taher, Ahmed Khaled\n * ...\n\n * ### \n\nImpact of Social Determinants of Health, Health Literacy, Self-perceived Risk,\nand Trust in the Emergency Physician on Compliance with Follow-up\n\n * Sutton, James\n * Gu, Leon\n * Diercks, Deborah B.\n * ...\n\n * ### \n\nEmergency Medicine Residents Experience Acute Stress While Working in the\nEmergency Department\n\n * Wong, Matthew L.\n * Sanchez, Leon D.\n * Peters, Gregory A.\n * ...\n\n * ### \n\nStudy of Haloperidol for Abdominal Pain in the Emergency Department (SHAPE)\n\n * Knudsen, Katherine\n * Stith, Kyle\n * Vicarel, Laine A.\n * Harbert, Brittany\n * Fertel, Baruch\n * ...\n\n * ### \n\nThe Utstein Kloster and Its Role in Firearm Violence Policy\n\n * Allswede, Michael\n * Adams, Galen\n * ...\n\nTop\n\nPowered by the California Digital Library Copyright © 2017 The Regents of the\nUniversity of California\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://children.webmd.com:80/vaccines/meningitis-vaccine-what-parents-should-know", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20140112185009/http://children.webmd.com:80/vaccines/meningitis-vaccine-what-parents-should-know", "parsed_text": { "title": "Meningitis Vaccines and Immunization Tips", "passages": [ "Many colleges require that students get a meninogococcal vaccine before moving into a dorm. Some summer camps also require or recommend the vaccine. Why?", "Meningococcal disease is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis in teens. Meningitis is a dangerous inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord that usually results from viruses or bacteria. Not all types of meningitis can be prevented with vaccines. Fortunately, immunization does protect against four types of meningococcal disease.", "Under the Affordable Care Act, many health insurance plans will provide free preventive care services, including checkups, vaccinations and screening tests, to children and teens. Learn more.", "Of the 1,000- 2,600 people who get meningococcal disease each year, one-third are teens and young adults. Ten percent to 15% of those who get sick with the disease will die, even with antibiotic treatment. Up to 20% will have permanent side effects, such as hearing loss or brain damage. This is why immunization against meningococcal disease so important. It can help prevent this serious disease.", "These meningitis vaccines can prevent four types of meningococcal disease, which represents about 70% of the cases in the U.S.", "Menactra is the preferred vaccine for people age 9 months to 55 years old and Menveo is approved for those 2 to 55 years old. That's because they provide more lasting protection and decrease carrier rates of meningococcal bacteria, which may help prevent its spread. The doctor or nurse injects one dose into the muscle. If MCV4 is not available, you can use MPSV4. The doctor or nurse injects one dose beneath the skin. Menomune is the only meningococcal vaccine licensed for use in people over 55.", "Either vaccine may be given at the same time as other vaccines. The current recommendation for teens is one dose at age 11 and one does at age 16.", "The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the first dose of vaccine be given at age 11 or 12 and then a second dose, the booster, should be given between age 16 to 18." ] }, "parsed_md": "Meningitis Vaccines and Immunization Tips\n\nSkip to content\n\nSymptoms| Doctors| Health Care Reform\n\nMy WebMD Sign In, Sign Up\n\nMy WebMD Sign In\n\nWhy should I sign up for WebMD?\n\nWith a WebMD Account you can:\n\n * Track your way to weight loss success\n * Manage your family's vaccinations\n * Join the conversation\n\nSee more benefits Sign Up\n\nWhy WebMD?\n\nMy WebMD\n\nShow Menu\n\n * My Tools\n * My WebMD Pages\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\nFacebookTwitterPinterest\n\nWebMD Home Children's Health Children's Vaccines Health Center\n\nEmail a Friend\n\nPrint Article\n\n# Children's Vaccines Health Center\n\n## Tools & Resources\n\n * Missed a Vaccine?\n * Vaccines: Benefits vs. Risks\n * Map: Who Is Refusing Vaccines?\n * Expert Q&A;: Vaccine Safety\n * Vaccines for Adults\n * Alternate Vaccine Schedule\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\n## The Meningitis Vaccines: What Parents Should Know\n\nMany colleges require that students get a meninogococcal vaccine before moving\ninto a dorm. Some summer camps also require or recommend the vaccine. Why?\n\nMeningococcal disease is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis in teens.\nMeningitis is a dangerous inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal\ncord that usually results from viruses or bacteria. Not all types of\nmeningitis can be prevented with vaccines. Fortunately, immunization does\nprotect against four types of meningococcal disease.\n\n#### Did You Know?\n\nUnder the Affordable Care Act, many health insurance plans will provide free\npreventive care services, including checkups, vaccinations and screening\ntests, to children and teens. Learn more.\n\nHealth Insurance Center\n\n### Why do teens need a meningococcal vaccine?\n\nOf the 1,000- 2,600 people who get meningococcal disease each year, one-third\nare teens and young adults. Ten percent to 15% of those who get sick with the\ndisease will die, even with antibiotic treatment. Up to 20% will have\npermanent side effects, such as hearing loss or brain damage. This is why\nimmunization against meningococcal disease so important. It can help prevent\nthis serious disease.\n\n### Which meningococcal vaccines are available?\n\nIn the U.S., three meningococcal vaccines are available:\n\n * Meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4), sold as Menomune\n * Meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4), sold as Menactra and Menveo\n\nThese meningitis vaccines can prevent four types of meningococcal disease,\nwhich represents about 70% of the cases in the U.S.\n\nMenactra is the preferred vaccine for people age 9 months to 55 years old and\nMenveo is approved for those 2 to 55 years old. That's because they provide\nmore lasting protection and decrease carrier rates of meningococcal bacteria,\nwhich may help prevent its spread. The doctor or nurse injects one dose into\nthe muscle. If MCV4 is not available, you can use MPSV4. The doctor or nurse\ninjects one dose beneath the skin. Menomune is the only meningococcal vaccine\nlicensed for use in people over 55.\n\nEither vaccine may be given at the same time as other vaccines. The current\nrecommendation for teens is one dose at age 11 and one does at age 16.\n\n### Who needs a meningococcal vaccine?\n\nThe CDC recommends a meningococcal vaccine for:\n\n * All children ages 11-18 or certain younger high-risk children\n * Anyone who has been exposed to meningitis during an outbreak\n * Anyone traveling to or living where meningitis is common, such as in sub-Saharan Africa\n * Military recruits\n * People with certain immune system disorders or a damaged or missing spleen\n\nThe American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the first dose of vaccine be\ngiven at age 11 or 12 and then a second dose, the booster, should be given\nbetween age 16 to 18.\n\n1 | 2\n\nNext Page >\n\nWebMD Medical Reference\n\nContinue reading below...\n\n#### Top Picks\n\n * Your Flu Vaccine Questions Answered\n * Vaccines: What Today's Parents Should Know\n * Needle-Free Shots Make Vaccines Less Scary\n * Expert Q&A; with the CDC: Vaccine Safety\n * What Is the Alternate Vaccine Schedule?\n * Who Is Refusing Vaccines? State By State Map\n\n#### Further Reading:\n\n * What is meningitis?\n * Adult Meningitis Vaccine: Benefits, Risks, Side Effects, and More\n * Meningitis, Meningococcal\n * Prevent Meningitis: Tips to Protect Your Teen\n * Meningococcal Vaccines: What You Need to Know\n * Meningococcal Vaccine (MPSV4, MCV4): Schedule and Side Effects\n * Know Warning Signs of Meningitis\n * See All Meningitis Vaccines Topics\n\n### Meningitis Vaccines Home\n\n * Medical Reference\n * Features\n * Video\n * News Archive\n\nChildren's Vaccines Health Center\n\n * All Vaccines Schedules\n * Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (DTaP)\n * Polio (IPV)\n * Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)\n * Chickenpox (Varicella)\n * Hepatitis A and B\n * H. influenzae (Hib)\n * Pneumococcal (PCV13)\n * Rotavirus (RV)\n * Flu Vaccine\n * Meningococcal (MPSV4/MCV4)\n * HPV Vaccine\n\n### Related to Children's Health and Vaccines\n\n * Adult Vaccines\n * Baby Care Videos\n * Baby Development\n * Breastfeeding\n * Children's Health\n * More Related Topics\n\n## Today on WebMD\n\nArticle\n\nAre Your Child’s Shots Up-to-Date?\n\nArticle\n\nYour Guide to the Flu Vaccine\n\nArticle\n\n11 Tips for Treating Your Child's Fever and Pain\n\nTool\n\nTrack Your Baby's Vaccines\n\nArticle\n\nFacts About the HPV Vaccine\n\nSlideshow\n\n24 Kid Illnesses Parents Should Know\n\nArticle\n\nExpert Q&A;: Kid Vaccine Safety\n\nVideo\n\nManaging Immunization Schedules\n\nVideo\n\nAutism Vaccine Controversy\n\nArticle\n\nHow Effective Are Flu Vaccines?\n\nTool\n\nVaccine Benefits vs. Risks\n\nSlideshow\n\nCommon Kid Skin Rashes\n\n## Subscribe\n\n### to WebMD Newsletters\n\n### WebMD Special Sections\n\n * Vaccines: What Parents Should Know\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Probiotics\n * Testosterone Treatment\n * High Triglycerides?\n\n * Rheumatoid Arthritis?\n * What are Probiotics?\n * Low T Medication\n\n * Help for Low T\n * Learn About Triglycerides\n * Erectile Dysfunction?\n\n * Monitoring RA Symptoms\n * Bladder Control Problems\n * Diabetes Help Center\n\n * Bent Fingers?\n * Low Testosterone?\n * Manage Triglycerides\n\n##### More From WebMD:\n\nFight Cold & Flu|RA Basics|Ulcerative Colitis Diet|Crohn's Disease|Atrial\nFibrillation Assessment|Low Testosterone|Joint Replacement|HIV Myths\n\n###### Find us on:\n\nURAC: Accredited Health Web Site\n\nHonCode: Health on the Net Foundation AdChoices\n\nAbout WebMD Advertise With Us Terms of Use Privacy Policy Sponsor Policy Site\nMap Careers Contact Us\n\nMedscape Reference eMedicineHealth RxList Medscape MedicineNet BootsWebMD\nWebMD Corporate\n\nFirst Aid WebMD Magazine WebMD Health Record WebMD Mobile Newsletters\nDictionary Physician Directory\n\n©2005-2014 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional\ninformation.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/viral.html", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210917074922/https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/viral.html", "parsed_text": { "title": "Viral Meningitis", "passages": [ "Viral meningitis (when meningitis is caused by a virus) is the most common type of meningitis. Most people get better on their own without treatment. However, anyone with symptoms of meningitis should see a doctor right away because any type of meningitis can be serious. Only a doctor can determine if someone has meningitis, what is causing it, and the best treatment. Babies younger than 1 month old and people with weakened immune systems are more likely to have severe illness from viral meningitis.", "Non-polio enteroviruses are the most common cause of viral meningitis in the United States. Only a small number of people infected with enteroviruses will develop meningitis.", "People of any age can get viral meningitis. However, some people have a higher risk of getting the disease, including:", "Babies younger than 1 month old and people with weakened immune systems are also more likely to have severe illness.", "Close contacts of someone with viral meningitis can become infected with the virus that made that person sick. However, these close contacts are not likely to develop meningitis. Only a small number of people who get infected with the viruses that cause meningitis will develop viral meningitis.", "Viruses that can cause meningitis spread in different ways. Learn more about how the following viruses spread by visiting CDC’s websites:", "Initial symptoms of viral meningitis are similar to those for bacterial meningitis. However, bacterial meningitis is usually severe and can cause serious complications, such as brain damage, hearing loss, or learning disabilities. The pathogens (germs) that cause bacterial meningitis can also be associated with another serious illness, sepsis. Sepsis is the body’s extreme response to infection. Without timely treatment, sepsis can quickly lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death.", "See a doctor right away if you think you or your child might have meningitis. A doctor can determine if you have the disease, what is causing it, and the best treatment.", "Doctors diagnose meningitis by ordering specific lab tests on specimens from a person suspected of having meningitis. If a doctor suspects meningitis, he or she may collect samples for testing by", "In most cases, there is no specific treatment for viral meningitis. Most people who get mild viral meningitis usually recover completely in 7 to 10 days without treatment. Antiviral medicine may help people with meningitis caused by viruses such as herpesvirus and influenza.", "Antibiotics do not help viral infections, so they are not useful in the treatment of viral meningitis. However, antibiotics do fight bacteria, so they are very important when treating bacterial meningitis.", "There are no vaccines available in the United States to protect against non- polio enteroviruses, which are the most common cause of viral meningitis. The best way to help protect yourself and others from non-polio enterovirus infections is to", "Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after changing diapers or using the toilet", "Vaccines can protect against some diseases, such as measles, mumps, chickenpox, and influenza, which can lead to viral meningitis. Make sure you and your child are vaccinated on schedule.", "Control mice and rats. If you have a rodent in or around your home, follow appropriate cleaning and control precautions.", "Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website." ] }, "parsed_md": "Viral Meningitis | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People\n\nMeningitis\n\n# Viral Meningitis\n\nEspañol (Spanish)\n\nRelated Pages\n\nOn This Page\n\n * Causes\n * People at Risk\n * How It Spreads\n * Symptoms\n * Diagnosis\n * Treatment\n * Prevention\n\nViral meningitis (when meningitis is caused by a virus) is the most common\ntype of meningitis. Most people get better on their own without treatment.\nHowever, anyone with symptoms of meningitis should see a doctor right away\nbecause any type of meningitis can be serious. Only a doctor can determine if\nsomeone has meningitis, what is causing it, and the best treatment. Babies\nyounger than 1 month old and people with weakened immune systems are more\nlikely to have severe illness from viral meningitis.\n\n## Causes\n\nNon-polio enteroviruses are the most common cause of viral meningitis in the\nUnited States. Only a small number of people infected with enteroviruses will\ndevelop meningitis.\n\nOther viruses that can cause meningitis are\n\n * Mumps virus\n * Herpesviruses, including Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex viruses, and varicella-zoster virus (which causes chickenpox and shingles)\n * Measles virus\n * Influenza virus\n * Arboviruses, such as West Nile virus\n * Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus\n\n## People at Risk\n\nPeople of any age can get viral meningitis. However, some people have a higher\nrisk of getting the disease, including:\n\n * Children younger than 5 years old\n * People with weakened immune systems caused by diseases, medications (such as chemotherapy), and recent organ or bone marrow transplantations\n\nBabies younger than 1 month old and people with weakened immune systems are\nalso more likely to have severe illness.\n\n## How It Spreads\n\nClose contacts of someone with viral meningitis can become infected with the\nvirus that made that person sick. However, these close contacts are not likely\nto develop meningitis. Only a small number of people who get infected with the\nviruses that cause meningitis will develop viral meningitis.\n\nViruses that can cause meningitis spread in different ways. Learn more about\nhow the following viruses spread by visiting CDC’s websites:\n\n * Non-polio enteroviruses\n * Mumps virus\n * Herpesviruses, including Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex viruses, and varicella-zoster virus\n * Measles virus\n * Influenza virus\n * Arboviruses, like West Nile virus\n * Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus\n\n## Symptoms\n\n### Common symptoms in babies\n\n * Fever\n * Irritability\n * Poor eating\n * Sleepiness or trouble waking up from sleep\n * Lethargy (a lack of energy)\n\n### Common symptoms in children and adults\n\n * Fever\n * Headache\n * Stiff neck\n * Photophobia (eyes being more sensitive to light)\n * Sleepiness or trouble waking up from sleep\n * Nausea\n * Irritability\n * Vomiting\n * Lack of appetite\n * Lethargy (a lack of energy)\n\nMost people with mild viral meningitis usually get better on their own within\n7 to 10 days.\n\nInitial symptoms of viral meningitis are similar to those for bacterial\nmeningitis. However, bacterial meningitis is usually severe and can cause\nserious complications, such as brain damage, hearing loss, or learning\ndisabilities. The pathogens (germs) that cause bacterial meningitis can also\nbe associated with another serious illness, sepsis. Sepsis is the body’s\nextreme response to infection. Without timely treatment, sepsis can quickly\nlead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death.\n\nSee a doctor right away if you think you or your child might have meningitis.\nA doctor can determine if you have the disease, what is causing it, and the\nbest treatment.\n\n## Diagnosis\n\nDoctors diagnose meningitis by ordering specific lab tests on specimens from a\nperson suspected of having meningitis. If a doctor suspects meningitis, he or\nshe may collect samples for testing by\n\n * Swabbing your nose or throat\n * Obtaining a stool sample\n * Taking some blood\n * Drawing fluid from around your spinal cord\n\n## Treatment\n\nIn most cases, there is no specific treatment for viral meningitis. Most\npeople who get mild viral meningitis usually recover completely in 7 to 10\ndays without treatment. Antiviral medicine may help people with meningitis\ncaused by viruses such as herpesvirus and influenza.\n\nAntibiotics do not help viral infections, so they are not useful in the\ntreatment of viral meningitis. However, antibiotics do fight bacteria, so they\nare very important when treating bacterial meningitis.\n\nPeople who develop severe illness, or are at risk for developing severe\nillness, may need care in a hospital.\n\n## Prevention\n\nThere are no vaccines available in the United States to protect against non-\npolio enteroviruses, which are the most common cause of viral meningitis. The\nbest way to help protect yourself and others from non-polio enterovirus\ninfections is to\n\n * Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after changing diapers or using the toilet\n * Avoid close contact, such as touching and shaking hands, with people who are sick\n * Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces\n * Stay home when you are sick and keep sick children out of school\n\nVaccines can protect against some diseases, such as measles, mumps,\nchickenpox, and influenza, which can lead to viral meningitis. Make sure you\nand your child are vaccinated on schedule.\n\nAvoid bites from mosquitoes and other insects that carry diseases that can\ninfect humans.\n\nControl mice and rats. If you have a rodent in or around your home, follow\nappropriate cleaning and control precautions.\n\nTop of Page\n\nRelated Links\n\n * Mumps\n * Measles\n * MMR Vaccine\n * Epstein-Barr Virus\n * Chickenpox\n * Chickenpox Vaccine\n * Shingles\n * Shingles Vaccine\n * Enteroviruses\n * Influenza\n * Influenza Vaccine\n * Arboviruses\n * Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus\n\nPage last reviewed: May 25, 2021\n\nContent source: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases\n\nRelated Links\n\n * Vaccine Schedules\n * Preteen & Teen Vaccines\n * Meningococcal Disease\n * Sepsis\n\nHAVE QUESTIONS?\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * CDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n * Español\n * 繁體中文\n * Tiếng Việt\n * 한국어\n * Tagalog\n * Русский\n * العربية\n * Kreyòl Ayisyen\n * Français\n * Polski\n * Português\n * Italiano\n * Deutsch\n * 日本語\n * فارسی\n * English\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/meningitis_in_children/page3_em.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170921041005/http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/meningitis_in_children/page3_em.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "Meningitis in Children Causes, Symptoms, Treatment", "passages": [ "Upon arrival at the emergency department, the child's temperature, blood pressure, respiratory rate, pulse, and oxygen in the blood may be checked. After quickly checking the child's airway, breathing, and circulation, the doctor completely examines the child to look for a focal source of infection, to assess any alteration in mental status, and to determine the presence of meningitis. If meningitis is suspected, several tests and procedures are needed to determine the diagnosis. However, early IV antibiotic treatment is often started before tests are done. In some children, the diagnosis of fifth disease (fever, cold symptoms, followed by a rash especially on the face) or other viral infection is deemed most likely and the child will usually not need the following tests:", "A spinal tap, or lumbar puncture, is an essential procedure in which cerebrospinal fluid is obtained from the child and then analyzed in a laboratory. Cerebrospinal fluid is the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord where the infection in meningitis occurs.", "Occasionally, a CT of the brain is done before the spinal tap if other problems are suspected by the doctor (see below); most clinicians will treat the child with antibiotics before the spinal tap if bacterial-caused meningitis is strongly suspected because of the possibility of a rapid decline in condition of the patient.", "* To perform this simple procedure, the doctor numbs the skin on the child's lower back with a local anesthetic.\n* A needle is then inserted into the lower back to obtain the necessary fluid from inside the spinal cord because the fluid bathing the spinal nerves is essentially the same that bathes the brain.\n* The fluid is sent to a laboratory and is checked for white and red blood cells, protein, glucose (sugar), and organisms (bacteria, fungus, parasites; viruses are not visualized). The fluid is also sent for culture (cultures may take about a week for viruses).\n* After the needle is removed, a small bandage is placed on the skin where the needle was inserted.\n* A spinal tap is not a dangerous procedure for a child. The needle is inserted at a location below the end of the main body of the spinal cord. A spinal tap is a simple procedure that is necessary to determine if a person has meningitis. Currently, no other procedure is available to aid in the diagnosis of meningitis.\nAn IV may be started to obtain blood and to give fluids. This helps prevent dehydration and maintain a good blood pressure.", "Immunization Schedule, Children Vaccinations are some of the most important tools available for preventing disease. Most children get all their shots during childhood. Parents should consult t...learn more >>" ] }, "parsed_md": "Meningitis in Children Causes, Symptoms, Treatment - How Is Meningitis in\nChildren Diagnosed? - eMedicineHealth\n\n * Home\n * Topics A-Z\n * Slideshow Pictures\n * Image Gallery\n * Medications\n * Quizzes\n * Medical Dictionary\n\nAbout Us | Privacy | Site Map\n\nSeptember 21, 2017\n\n * Like Us\n * Follow Us\n\nhome > brain & nervous system center > brain & nervous system a-z list >\nmeningitis in children article\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\n«Previous\n\n1\n\n2\n\n3\n\n4\n\n5\n\n6\n\nNext»\n\n(Page 3 of 6)\n\nGlossary\n\n## Meningitis in Children (cont.)\n\n 1. Take the Meningitis Quiz\n 2. View the Ear Infection Slideshow\n 3. Childhood Illnesses You Should Know Slideshow\n\n### IN THIS ARTICLE\n\n * Facts on Meningitis in Children\n * What Causes Meningitis in Children?\n * What Are the Symptoms and Signs of Meningitis in Children?\n * When Should I Call the Doctor About Meningitis?\n * How Is Meningitis in Children Diagnosed?\n * Home Remedies for Meningitis in Children\n * What Is the Treatment of Meningitis in Children?\n * What Are Medications for Meningitis in Children?\n * What Is the Follow-up for Meningitis in Children?\n * How Can You Prevent Meningitis in Children?\n * What Is the Prognosis of Meningitis in Children?\n * Meningitis in Children Topic Guide\n\n### How Is Meningitis in Children Diagnosed?\n\nUpon arrival at the emergency department, the child's temperature, blood\npressure, respiratory rate, pulse, and oxygen in the blood may be checked.\nAfter quickly checking the child's airway, breathing, and circulation, the\ndoctor completely examines the child to look for a focal source of infection,\nto assess any alteration in mental status, and to determine the presence of\nmeningitis. If meningitis is suspected, several tests and procedures are\nneeded to determine the diagnosis. However, early IV antibiotic treatment is\noften started before tests are done. In some children, the diagnosis of fifth\ndisease (fever, cold symptoms, followed by a rash especially on the face) or\nother viral infection is deemed most likely and the child will usually not\nneed the following tests:\n\n * A spinal tap, or lumbar puncture, is an essential procedure in which cerebrospinal fluid is obtained from the child and then analyzed in a laboratory. Cerebrospinal fluid is the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord where the infection in meningitis occurs.\n\nOccasionally, a CT of the brain is done before the spinal tap if other\nproblems are suspected by the doctor (see below); most clinicians will treat\nthe child with antibiotics before the spinal tap if bacterial-caused\nmeningitis is strongly suspected because of the possibility of a rapid decline\nin condition of the patient.\n\n * To perform this simple procedure, the doctor numbs the skin on the child's lower back with a local anesthetic.\n * A needle is then inserted into the lower back to obtain the necessary fluid from inside the spinal cord because the fluid bathing the spinal nerves is essentially the same that bathes the brain.\n * The fluid is sent to a laboratory and is checked for white and red blood cells, protein, glucose (sugar), and organisms (bacteria, fungus, parasites; viruses are not visualized). The fluid is also sent for culture (cultures may take about a week for viruses).\n * After the needle is removed, a small bandage is placed on the skin where the needle was inserted.\n * A spinal tap is not a dangerous procedure for a child. The needle is inserted at a location below the end of the main body of the spinal cord. A spinal tap is a simple procedure that is necessary to determine if a person has meningitis. Currently, no other procedure is available to aid in the diagnosis of meningitis.\n * An IV may be started to obtain blood and to give fluids. This helps prevent dehydration and maintain a good blood pressure.\n * Urine may be obtained to determine if any infection is present in the child's urinary tract system.\n * A chest X-ray film may be taken to look for signs of infection in the child's lungs.\n * A CT scan is sometimes necessary if any of the following is present or suspected:\n\n * Trauma\n * Increased brain pressure\n * Neurologic problem\n * Lack of fever\n * Brain abscess\n * Tumor\n\nMedically Reviewed by a Doctor on 10/17/2016\n\nMedical Author:\n\nCharles Patrick Davis, MD, PhD\n\nMedical Editor:\n\nDavid Perlstein, MD, MBA, FAAP\n\nNext Page:\n\nHome Remedies for Meningitis in Children»\n\n«Previous\n\n1\n\n2\n\n3\n\n4\n\n5\n\n6\n\nNext»\n\n(Page 3 of 6)\n\nGlossary\n\nMeningitis in Children Topic Guide\n\n##### YOU MAY ALSO LIKE\n\nVIEW\n\nChildhood Illnesses Every Parent Should Know\n\n## Must Read Articles Related to Meningitis in Children\n\nBrain Infection Our brain, the spinal cord...learn more >>\n\nImmunization Schedule, Children Vaccinations are some of the most important\ntools available for preventing disease. Most children get all their shots\nduring childhood. Parents should consult t...learn more >>\n\nSee the Entire Meningitis in Children Topic Guide »\n\n## Patient Comments & Reviews\n\n### The eMedicineHealth doctors ask about Meningitis in Children:\n\n## Meningitis in Children - Symptoms\n\nWhat symptoms did your child experience with meningitis?\n\nView 10 Comments\n\nShare Your Story \n \n--- \n \nFacebook Twitter Email Print Article\n\n### From\n\n##### Brain and Nervous System Resources\n\n * Assess Your MS Symptoms\n * How to Spot MS Attack\n * MS and Depression: How Are They Linked?\n\n##### Featured Centers\n\n * 13 Best Quit-Smoking Tips Ever\n * What Stress Does to Your Mouth\n * Healthy Home: To Buy or Not to Buy Organic?\n\n##### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Frequent Constipation?\n * Greater Food Accessibility\n\n# Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape\n\n## Meningitis, Bacterial »\n\nBacterial meningitis is a life-threatening illness that results from bacterial\ninfection of the meninges.\n\nRead More on Medscape Reference »\n\n## Topics Related to Meningitis in Children\n\n * Brain Infection\n * Childhood Immunization Schedule\n\n## Brain and Nervous System Topics\n\n * Multiple Sclerosis Slideshow\n * Meningitis in Adults\n * ADHD Quiz\n * Neuropathy\n * ADHD\n\n# Medical Dictionary\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Bent Fingers?\n * Therapy at Home?\n * Cancer Treatments\n * Dupuytren’s Treatment\n\n * Understand Immunotherapy\n * Painful Knees?\n * ER versus Urgent Care\n * Online Hearing Test\n\n * Exercise & OA Knee Pain\n * Care for Valve Disease?\n * Know Your Cancer Options\n * Hearing Loss Help\n\n * Ringing in the Ears\n * Managing Cancer\n * Knee Pain Management\n\n \n \n--- \n \nFirst Aid & Emergencies | Topics A-Z | Picture Slideshows | Medications |\nImage Gallery | eTools | Medical Dictionary Definitions About Us | Privacy |\nTerms of Use | Advertising Policy | Site Map | Contact Us WebMD | Medscape\nReference | Medscape | MedicineNet | RxList | OnHealth | BootsWebMD | WebMDRx\n| Medscape France | Medscape Germany \n \nAd Choices\n\n©2017 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\n\n" }, { "original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/meningitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350508", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210915115316/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/meningitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350508", "parsed_text": { "title": "Symptoms and causes", "passages": [] }, "parsed_md": "Meningitis - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic\n\n" }, { "original_url": "http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/meningitis_in_adults/page3_em.htm", "archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171004121325/http://www.emedicinehealth.com:80/meningitis_in_adults/page3_em.htm", "parsed_text": { "title": "What Are Symptoms and Signs of Meningitis in Adults?", "passages": [ "About 25% of those who develop meningitis have symptoms that develop over 24 hours. The remainder generally become ill over one to seven days. Occasionally, if someone has been on antibiotics for another infection, the symptoms can take longer to develop or may be less intense. If someone is developing fungal meningitis (most commonly someone who is HIV positive), the symptoms may take weeks to develop.", "The classic symptoms of meningitis are fever, headache, and stiff neck. Unfortunately, not everyone with meningitis has all of these symptoms. Only approximately 45% of people with meningitis have all three of these classic signs. Almost everyone, however, has at least one of the classic symptoms.", "Pain Medications The effects of pain medication are different for each person. Pain also varies in tolerance as well from person to person. There are several different pain medi...learn more >>" ] }, "parsed_md": "Meningitis in Adults Causes, Symptoms, Treatment - What Are Symptoms and Signs\nof Meningitis in Adults? - eMedicineHealth\n\n * Home\n * Topics A-Z\n * Slideshow Pictures\n * Image Gallery\n * Medications\n * Quizzes\n * Medical Dictionary\n\nAbout Us | Privacy | Site Map\n\nOctober 4, 2017\n\n * Like Us\n * Follow Us\n\nhome > brain & nervous system center > brain & nervous system a-z list >\nmeningitis in adults article\n\nFont Size\n\nA\n\nA\n\nA\n\n«Previous\n\n1\n\n2\n\n3\n\n4\n\n5\n\n...\n\nNext»\n\n(Page 3 of 9)\n\nGlossary\n\n## Meningitis in Adults (cont.)\n\n 1. Take the Meningitis Quiz\n 2. Dementia Pictures Slideshow\n 3. West Nile Virus Slideshow\n\n### IN THIS ARTICLE\n\n * What Is Meningitis?\n * What Are Causes and Risk Factors of Meningitis in Adults?\n * What Are Symptoms and Signs of Meningitis in Adults?\n * When Should People Seek Medical Care for Meningitis?\n * How Do Health Care Professionals Diagnose Meningitis in Adults?\n * What Types of Health Care Professionals Diagnose and Treat Meningitis?\n * Are There Home Remedies for Meningitis in Adults?\n * What Is the Treatment for Meningitis in Adults?\n * How Do People Transmit Meningitis?\n * Is It Possible to Prevent Meningitis in Adults?\n * Are There Meningitis Vaccinations?\n * What Is the Prognosis of Meningitis in Adults?\n * Where Can People Find More Information on Meningitis in Adults?\n * Read more on Meningitis in Adults from Healthwise\n * Meningitis in Adults Topic Guide\n\n### What Are Symptoms and Signs of Meningitis in Adults?\n\nPatient Comments Read 28 Comments Share Your Story\n\nAbout 25% of those who develop meningitis have symptoms that develop over 24\nhours. The remainder generally become ill over one to seven days.\nOccasionally, if someone has been on antibiotics for another infection, the\nsymptoms can take longer to develop or may be less intense. If someone is\ndeveloping fungal meningitis (most commonly someone who is HIV positive), the\nsymptoms may take weeks to develop.\n\nThe classic symptoms of meningitis are fever, headache, and stiff neck.\nUnfortunately, not everyone with meningitis has all of these symptoms. Only\napproximately 45% of people with meningitis have all three of these classic\nsigns. Almost everyone, however, has at least one of the classic symptoms.\n\n * Classic symptoms\n\n * Headache occurs in most people with meningitis\n * Stiff neck occurs in a majority of people with meningitis\n * Fever and chills occur in most people with meningitis\n * Vomiting occurs in many of people with meningitis\n * Extreme sensitivity to bright lights (photophobia)\n * Confusion\n * Seizures\n * History of a recent upper respiratory infection (for example, cold, sore throat)\n * Drowsiness\n * Less common symptoms\n\n * Localized weakness or loss of strength or sensation, especially in the face\n * Joint swelling and pain in one or more joints\n * A new rash that often looks like bruises or tiny red spots\n\nMedically Reviewed by a Doctor on 9/11/2017\n\nMedical Author:\n\nCharles Patrick Davis, MD, PhD\n\nMedical Editor:\n\nMelissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor\n\nNext Page:\n\nWhen Should People Seek Medical Care for Meningitis?»\n\n«Previous\n\n1\n\n2\n\n3\n\n4\n\n5\n\n...\n\nNext»\n\n(Page 3 of 9)\n\nGlossary\n\nMeningitis in Adults Topic Guide\n\n##### YOU MAY ALSO LIKE\n\nVIEW\n\nMeningitis Quiz IQ\n\n## Must Read Articles Related to Meningitis in Adults\n\nFever in Adults A fever is a body temperature of 100.4 F or greater. A\nfever/...learn more >>\n\nFlu in Adults Flu (influenza) is an acute infection of th...learn more >>\n\nPain Medications The effects of pain medication are different for each person.\nPain also varies in tolerance as well from person to person. There are several\ndifferent pain medi...learn more >>\n\nSee the Entire Meningitis in Adults Topic Guide »\n\n## Patient Comments & Reviews\n\n### The eMedicineHealth doctors ask about Meningitis in Adults:\n\n## Meningitis in Adults - Symptoms\n\nWhat symptoms did you experience with meningitis?\n\nView 28 Comments\n\nShare Your Story\n\n## Meningitis in Adults - Medical Treatment\n\nWhat treatment did you receive for meningitis?\n\nView 2 Comments\n\nShare Your Story \n \n--- \n \nFacebook Twitter Email Print Article\n\n### From\n\n##### Brain and Nervous System Resources\n\n * Assess Your MS Symptoms\n * How to Spot MS Attack\n * MS and Depression: How Are They Linked?\n\n##### Featured Centers\n\n * 13 Best Quit-Smoking Tips Ever\n * What Stress Does to Your Mouth\n * Healthy Home: To Buy or Not to Buy Organic?\n\n##### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Frequent Constipation?\n * Greater Food Accessibility\n\n# Read What Your Physician is Reading on Medscape\n\n## Meningitis »\n\nMeningitis is the term to denote inflammation of the meninges.\n\nRead More on Medscape Reference »\n\n## Topics Related to Meningitis in Adults\n\n * Alcoholism\n * CT Scan (CAT Scan, Computerized Axial Tomography)\n * Fever (in Adults)\n * Flu in Adults\n * Meningitis in Children\n * Pain Medications\n * Sore Throat\n * Spinal Tap\n * Vomiting and Nausea\n\n## Brain and Nervous System Topics\n\n * Multiple Sclerosis Slideshow\n * Meningitis in Adults\n * ADHD Quiz\n * Neuropathy\n * ADHD\n\n# Medical Dictionary\n\n### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Treating Sleep Apnea\n * Therapy at Home?\n * Cancer Treatments\n * Top Pet Food Myths\n\n * Understand Immunotherapy\n * Painful Knees?\n * ER versus Urgent Care\n * Online Hearing Test\n\n * Exercise & OA Knee Pain\n * Care for Valve Disease?\n * Know Your Cancer Options\n * Hearing Loss Help\n\n * Sleep Apnea Symptoms\n * Managing Cancer\n * Knee Pain Management\n\n \n \n--- \n \nFirst Aid & Emergencies | Topics A-Z | Picture Slideshows | Medications |\nImage Gallery | eTools | Medical Dictionary Definitions About Us | Privacy |\nTerms of Use | Advertising Policy | Site Map | Contact Us WebMD | Medscape\nReference | Medscape | MedicineNet | RxList | OnHealth | BootsWebMD | WebMDRx\n| Medscape France | Medscape Germany \n \nAd Choices\n\n©2017 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\n\n" } ]